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Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..75264d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #60470 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/60470) diff --git a/old/60470-8.txt b/old/60470-8.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 6788369..0000000 --- a/old/60470-8.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3358 +0,0 @@ -Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, January 19, 1897, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Harper's Round Table, January 19, 1897 - -Author: Various - -Release Date: October 11, 2019 [EBook #60470] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, JANUARY 19, 1897 *** - - - - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - - - - - - - - -[Illustration: HARPER'S ROUND TABLE] - -Copyright, 1897, by HARPER & BROTHERS. All Rights Reserved. - - * * * * * - -PUBLISHED WEEKLY. NEW YORK, TUESDAY, JANUARY 19, 1897. FIVE CENTS A -COPY. - -VOL. XVIII.--NO. 899. TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. - - * * * * * - - - - -[Illustration] - -A CHRISTMAS BUCK. - -BY HON. THEODORE ROOSEVELT. - - -Throughout most of the ranch country there are two kinds of deer, the -black-tail and the white-tail. The white-tail is the same as the deer of -the East; it is a beautiful creature, a marvel of lightness and grace in -all its movements, and it loves to dwell in thick timber, so that in the -plains country it is almost confined to the heavily wooded river -bottoms. The black-tail is somewhat larger, with a different and very -peculiar gait, consisting of a succession of stiff-legged bounds, all -four feet striking the earth at the same time. Its habits are likewise -very different, as it is a bolder animal and much fonder of the open -country. Among the Rockies it is found in the deep forests, but it -prefers scantily wooded regions, and on the plains it dwells by choice -in the rough hills, spending the day in the patches of ash or cedar -among the ravines. Fifteen years ago the black-tail was very much more -abundant than the white-tail almost everywhere in the West, but owing to -the nature of its haunts it is more easily killed out, and now, though -both species have decreased in numbers, the white-tail is on the whole -the more common. - -My ranch-house is situated on a heavily wooded bottom, one of the places -of which the white-tail are fond to this day. On one occasion I killed -one from the ranch veranda, and two or three times I have shot them -within half a mile of the house. Nevertheless, they are so cunning and -stealthy in their ways, and the cover is so dense, that usually, -although one may know of their existence right in one's neighborhood, -there is more chance of getting game by going off eight or ten miles -into the broken country of the black-tail. - -One Christmas I was to spend at the ranch, and I made up my mind that I -would try to get a good buck for our Christmas dinner; for I had not had -much time to hunt that fall, and Christmas was almost upon us before we -started to lay in our stock of winter meat. So I arranged with one of -the cowboys to make an all-day's hunt through some rugged hills on the -other side of the river, where we knew there were black-tail. - -We were up soon after three o'clock, when it was yet as dark as at -midnight. We had a long day's work before us, and so we ate a -substantial breakfast, then put on our fur caps, coats, and mittens, and -walked out into the cold night. The air was still, but it was biting -weather, and we pulled our caps down over our ears as we walked toward -the rough low stable where the two hunting ponies had been put -overnight. In a few minutes we were jogging along on our journey. - -There was a powder of snow over the ground, and this and the brilliant -starlight enabled us to see our way without difficulty. The river was -frozen hard, and the hoofs of the horses rang on the ice as they -crossed. For a while we followed the wagon road, and then struck off -into a cattle trail which led up into a long coulee. After a while this -faded out, and we began to work our way along the divide, not without -caution, for in broken countries it is hard to take a horse during -darkness. Indeed, we found we had left a little too early, for there was -hardly a glimmer of dawn when we reached our proposed hunting-grounds. -We left the horses in a sheltered nook where there was abundance of -grass, and strode off on foot, numb after the ride. - -The dawn brightened rapidly, and there was almost light enough to shoot -when we reached a spur overlooking a large basin around whose edges -there were several wooded coulees. Here we sat down to wait and look. We -did not have to wait long, for just as the sun was coming up on our -right hand we caught a glimpse of something moving at the mouth of one -of the little ravines some hundreds of yards distant. Another glance -showed us that it was a deer feeding, while another behind it was -walking leisurely in our direction. There was no time to be lost, and -sliding back over the crest, we trotted off around a spur until we were -in line with the quarry, and then walked rapidly toward them. Our only -fear was lest they should move into some position where they would see -us; and this fear was justified. While still one hundred yards from the -mouth of the coulee in which we had seen the feeding deer, the second -one, which all the time had been walking slowly in our direction, came -out on a ridge crest to one side of our course. It saw us at once and -halted short; it was only a spike buck, but there was no time to lose, -for we needed meat, and in another moment it would have gone off, giving -the alarm to its companion. So I dropped on one knee, and fired just as -it turned. From the jump it gave I was sure it was hit, but it -disappeared over the hill, and at the same time the big buck, its -companion, dashed out of the coulee in front, across the basin. It was -broad-side to me, and not more than one hundred yards distant; but a -running deer is difficult to hit, and though I took two shots, both -missed, and it disappeared behind another spur. This looked pretty bad, -and I felt rather blue as I climbed up to look at the trail of the -spike. I was cheered to find blood, and as there was a good deal of snow -here and there, it was easy to follow it; nor was it long before we saw -the buck moving forward slowly, evidently very sick. We did not disturb -him, but watched him until he turned down into a short ravine a quarter -of a mile off; he did not come out, and we sat down and waited nearly an -hour to give him time to get stiff. When we reached the valley, one went -down each side so as to be sure to get him when he jumped up. Our -caution was needless, however, for we failed to start him; and on -hunting through some of the patches of brush we found him stretched out -already dead. - -This was satisfactory; but still it was not the big buck, and we started -out again after dressing and hanging up the deer. For many hours we saw -nothing, and we had swung around within a couple of miles of the horses -before we sat down behind a screen of stunted cedars for a last look. -After attentively scanning every patch of brush in sight, we were about -to go on when the attention of both of us was caught at the same moment -by seeing a big buck deliberately get up, turn round, and then lie down -again in a grove of small leafless trees lying opposite to us on a -hill-side with a southern exposure. He had evidently very nearly -finished his day's rest, but was not quite ready to go out feeding; and -his restlessness caused him his life. As we now knew just where he was, -the work was easy. We marked a place on the hill-top a little above and -to one side of him; and while the cowboy remained to watch him, I drew -back and walked leisurely round to where I could get a shot. When nearly -up to the crest I crawled into view of the patch of brush, rested my -elbows on the ground, and gently tapped two stones together. The buck -rose nimbly to his feet, and at seventy yards afforded me a standing -shot, which I could not fail to turn to good account. - -A winter day is short, and twilight had come before we had packed both -bucks on the horses; but with our game behind our saddles we did not -feel either fatigue, or hunger, or cold, while the horses trotted -steadily homeward. The moon was a few days old, and it gave us light -until we reached the top of the bluffs by the river and saw across the -frozen stream the gleam from the fire-lit windows of the ranch-house. - - - - -SINGING IN THE FACE OF DEATH. - - -When the great hurricane swept over Apia Harbor, in Samoa, seven years -ago, and wrecked the six American and German war-ships that were -gathered there, the world was thrilled with the story of the heroism of -the sailors on the United States man-of-war _Trenton_. Of all the -incidents of that memorable disaster, the one which will live longest in -the memory of readers is the bravery with which the men of the _Trenton_ -faced death. Their vessel had snapped her anchor chains, and was -steadily drifting toward the rocks, but the men lined the rigging and -gave rousing cheers to the British ship _Calliope_, which, with all -steam on, was headed for the open sea. The _Trenton_'s band was also -ordered on deck, and to the strains of "The Star-spangled Banner" the -old ship went to her death. As she passed the _Vandalia_, over which the -waves were breaking, the _Trenton_'s men cheered the few survivors in -the rigging, and the feeble shout that came in response was the saddest -feature of the disaster. When the _Trenton_'s band struck up, amazement -fell upon the Americans and other foreigners on shore who were trying to -save the lives of those whom the current brought to the beach. Then, -when the strains of the national air were recognized, a great shout went -up, and men wept to think of heroism that laughed at death. - -A similar incident of bravery in the face of death comes from the coast -of China, and the crew of the German gun-boat _Iltis_ were the heroes -who showed genuine courage when all hope of safety was gone. The _Iltis_ -left Che-foo on July 23, passed Wei-hai-wei--made memorable by the -defeat and suicide of old Admiral Ting, of the Chinese navy--and rounded -the Shan-tung peninsula. As the vessel passed the northern point of the -promontory the wind freshened to a gale, and with all sails furled the -ship held her way to the south, parallel to the coast. The storm was -soon recognized as a typhoon of great violence; the driving sleet and -the thick darkness confused the look-out, and the strong currents -carried the ship near to the rocky shore. Without warning the vessel -struck, and remained hard and fast on a sunken rock. The engine-room -filled rapidly, and all hands were warned to come on deck. There they -saw that the prospect was hopeless, as every wave helped to stave in the -strong steel plates. Rockets were sent up, but no response came from the -shore; no boat could live in the wild seas which washed over the doomed -vessel. The commander, Lieutenant-Captain Braun, ordered all the men -aft, and gathering them around him, called upon them to give three -cheers for the Emperor. These were given with a will, and a moment after -the masts went overboard, smashing the officers' bridge, and then the -ship parted. - -The Captain and the greater part of the crew were on the after-part of -the ship, which still remained high out of the water. When it was seen -that the wreck would last but a few minutes more, gunner Raehm addressed -the crew and begged them to join in singing the Flaggenlied, or -flag-song. This stirring song was then sung to the accompaniment of the -roaring breakers and the howling storm. Its final verse, in German, is -as follows: - - Und treibt des wilden Sturms Gewalt - Uns an ein Felsenriff, - Gleichviel in welcherlei Gestalt - Gefahr droht unserm Schiff: - Wir wanken und wir weichen nicht, - Wir thun nach Seemanns Brauch, - Getreu erfüll'n wir uns're Pflicht - Auch bis zum leztzen Hauch, - Und rufen freudig sterbend aus, - Getreu bis in den Tod: - "Der Kaiser und die Flagge hoch! - Die Flagge schwarz, weiss, roth!" - -Freely rendered into English this reads: - - And shout the might of wild, wild storms - On to a reef us drive, - And dangers menace--'t matters not - From where--our ship and life, - Our posts we never will desert; - And sailorlike and true - Until the last breath goes from us - We will our duty do. - And, joyful dying then we shout - United true in death-- - "The Kaiser and our standard _hoch_! - The flag black, white, and red!" - -The survivors, with tears in their eyes, described the singing of this -battle chant, in which the poet described the fate of the _Iltis_ and -the doom of her crew. The last verse had just been roared out with a -will when the stern of the vessel heeled over, and a moment later the -whole after-half of the ship plunged from the rocks, carrying down to -death officers and men, except two sailors, who reached the shore. Those -on the other half of the wreck remained for thirty-six hours without -food, when they were rescued by the Chinese. Only nine men were saved, -making eleven in all who reached the shore out of a total of -seventy-seven men and officers. - - - - -GOLF WITHIN-DOORS. - -BY W. G. VAN TASSEL SUTPHEN. - - -The true and zealous golfer is not to be deterred from his favorite -sport by the ordinary accidents of the weather, and indeed it is one of -the great merits of golf that it can be played under almost any -atmospheric conditions. Baseball, cricket, tennis, croquet, and archery -are poor fun on a very windy day, while a wet one makes play impossible. -And then these games have each of them a recognized season, and as -winter comes on bat, bow, and ball must be laid aside for good. Football -and hockey are independent so far as rain and cold are concerned, but -the exercise is too violent a one to be continued into the warm days of -spring and summer. - -Golf, on the other hand, is restricted to no particular season, and it -is one of the rules governing medal competitions that competitors may -not discontinue play on account of bad weather. Of course on abnormally -warm days any sort of physical exertion may become a burden, and in very -cold weather stiffened fingers and frozen "lies" do not conduce to good -scoring. But there is only one thing that really puts an end to the -game, and that is a heavy fall of snow. With a light sprinkling of an -inch or two, very good golf may be played by using red balls and having -the putting-greens carefully swept, for the snow serves the purpose of a -universal tee, and a special ruling may be enacted allowing the player -(in the event of the ball being buried) the privilege of lifting or of -lightly brushing the snow aside. Among the pines of Lakewood, New -Jersey, golf is played all through the winter, for on that sandy soil -the snow lies but a short time, owing to the mildness of the climate and -the proximity of the ocean. But of course Lakewood is an exceptionally -favored spot for these northern latitudes. In and around New York city -there is generally enough snow by New-Year's day to stop play, and golf -at the big clubs is virtually at an end after the holidays and through -the months of January, February, March, and April. Even after the snow -has disappeared the frost must be allowed to get entirely out of the -ground before play is resumed, or the course, and particularly the -putting-greens, may be ruined. - -[Illustration: FIG. 1.] - -We must therefore admit that golf may have its "close" season, at least -for places that lie north of Mason and Dixon's famous line, but no -golfer worthy of the name is content to entirely abandon all attempts at -practice. If he can do nothing better, he will at least try "putting" -into tumblers laid on their sides on the dining-room floor, or he will -find some pretext to steal away to the attic for a few trial swings at a -mythical ball. Inventive genius has appreciated this unquenchable -craving on the part of the enthusiastic golfer, and several ingenious -appliances have been patented and put upon the market, by the use of -which he may keep up his practice in putting, approaching, and even -driving. - -In Fig. 4 is shown an apparatus called _Linka_. Inside the machine is a -powerful spring pulley-wheel, and over this runs a stout cord with an -ordinary golf-ball attached at the free end. When the ball is teed and -struck away, the propelling force is communicated through the spring to -a self-registering dial. So many pounds of pressure indicate so many -yards in distance, and the scale is graduated in five-yard divisions -from zero up to 225 yards. Fifteen or twenty feet of clear space is -ample for the use of the machine. - -[Illustration: FIG. 2.] - -For practice in approaching the putting-green there is the stand shown -in Fig. 3. It consists of three concentric hoop-nets, and the accuracy -of the shot is determined by the particular hoop into which the ball is -played. Of course a free ball is used, and the weak point in the -apparatus is that it does not indicate the distance covered (a point -which in real play is quite as important as accurate direction). But it -may be arbitrarily assumed that a ball in the smallest hoop has been -laid within a foot of the hole, while the middle and outer rings may -stand for six and fifteen feet respectively. - -A cheap and effective substitute for the approaching-stand is the simple -target depicted in Fig. 2. It may be painted either upon canvas or -roughly sketched out in chalk upon the barn door. The canvas should be -eight feet square, and provided with guy-ropes and ring-bolts for -attaching to the floor and ceiling. If the lower edge of the canvas just -touches the floor, the centre of the target and the "bunker-line" will -consequently be three feet above it. (The use of the bunker-line will be -explained further on.) The diameter of the outer circle should be four -feet; of the middle one, two and a half feet; and of the inner ring, one -foot. The bull's-eye, which represents the hole proper, should be four -inches in diameter. As before, a ball striking in the outer ring is -supposed to lie fifteen feet from the hole; one in the middle ring, at -six feet; and one in the inner ring, at one foot. A ball that strikes -the bull's-eye is assumed to be in the hole. A ball on the line is -credited to the _inside_ division. - -[Illustration: FIG. 3.] - -For putting there has been devised the stand shown in Fig. 1. It is -nothing but a circular convex piece of tin with a hole in it. The tin -has a diameter of eight and a half inches, and that of the hole is two -and a half. The convexity is such that the depth of the hole is -three-quarters of an inch. It looks easy, but nevertheless it takes a -good deal of skill to "putt" a ball up the slope and safely into the -cup. If the direction be not accurate the ball will fall off, and if the -force be too great it will run completely over the hole in a very -irritating manner. - -Now all of these appliances may afford amusing practice, and there is no -reason why they should not be so used in combination as to give much of -the variety and excitement of a regular round of the links. Granted the -use of the attic or that of the barn floor, and we may at once proceed -to set up our miniature course of in-door golf. The principal expense -will be in the purchase of the driving-machine, which costs several -dollars at the shops; but we will assume that a small club has been -formed, and that the cost of the several pieces of apparatus is to be -equally divided among the playing members. The substitute for the -approaching-stand (Fig. 3) may be gotten up very cheaply, and the -putting-stand can be bought for fifty cents. - -[Illustration: FIG. 4.] - -It is essential that there should be enough of clear space to allow a -full swing with the driving-clubs. Fifteen feet will do, but eighteen or -twenty will be better. The ball attached to the driving-machine must -have a free course in front of it of at least a dozen feet, for -otherwise its full force will not be communicated to the spring, and the -dial will not register correctly. The machine itself is placed a little -to one side, so as not to interfere with the club, and the ball should -be teed about a yard in front of it. After the tee shot, when the ball -is supposed to be on the ground (as in actual play), we may use an old -door-mat as a substitute for turf, and we will call this the -"driving-pad." - -In playing approach shots a free ball is used, and it may be placed on -the "driving-pad" and about fifteen feet from the approaching-stand or -canvas target. In the middle of the floor should be a mark for the -placing of the putting-stand during the process of "holing out." A chalk -line should be drawn from this mark fifteen feet long, with cross marks -at the one, six, and fifteen foot points. So much for the mechanical -apparatus; now for the course itself. - -[Illustration 1: No. 1.--Ball in earth bunker or fence, drop five yards -back and add one stroke. Ball in sand, play off bare floor. No. 2.--Ball -in "Serpentine," drop five yards back and add one stroke. No. 3.--Ball -in pond is lost. Tee again and add two strokes. No. 4.--Ball in sand -bunker, drop five yards back and add one stroke.] - -Suppose that our course is to be a nine-hole one, we must provide -ourselves with some sheets of stout wrapping-paper, a three-foot rule, -and an assortment of colored pencils. Each imaginary "hole" must now be -sketched out upon a separate sheet, after the fashion shown in the plan. -The sheet should be three feet long, and a convenient scale of -measurement will be a quarter-inch to five yards. Five inches will -therefore represent 100 yards; seven and one-half inches, 150 yards; ten -inches, 200 yards; and so on. Thirty inches is equivalent to 600 yards, -which should be the maximum. The putting-greens should be thirty feet, -or ten yards, square. A line should be drawn from tee to centre of the -putting-green, and each ten-yard point along it should be marked by a -red dot with the number underneath, 10, 20, 30, and so on. A circle -fifty yards in diameter is drawn around the hole, and the space enclosed -is called the "approaching-zone." Water hazards may be indicated by blue -shading, the ordinary earth bunker by red, stone walls by black, and the -tees and putting-greens by green. Everything should be drawn accurately -to scale, and the artistic appearance of the little map will be improved -by introducing hole and line flags in the proper colors. On an -eighteen-hole course red flags are used for the nine outgoing holes, and -white ones for the incoming ones. Red and white flags are used to -indicate the line of play at blind holes, and green flags may mark the -boundaries of the course. - -Any boy who has a practical knowledge of golf, and who is possessed of -reasonable ingenuity, may lay out in this manner a series of holes -which, if properly varied, will make the play very interesting. The -principal difficulty is the proper arrangement of the hazards, and this -will be largely determined by the average driving ability of the club -members. Generally speaking, a bunker must never be so situated as to -spoil a really good drive. Hazards are intended to punish bad shots and -not to injure good ones. Accordingly we may place a hazard ten yards -from the tee, or any distance between that and 100 yards. But a bunker -160 yards from the tee would be in just the place to trap a really good -drive, while the topped or short one would go unpunished. Side hazards -will not be required on our in-door course, as there is no way of -determining the "slice" or "pull" of our drives. Each player must be -provided with a stick-pin to mark his progress on the map, and these may -be distinguished by dipping the heads into different colors of melted -sealing-wax. The maps of the holes are tacked up on the wall in regular -succession as the play goes on. And now we are ready for the actual -match, and we will suppose that we are playing the "Longfellow hole." - -M. and N. are the players, and M. has the "honor." This being his tee -drive, he is allowed to use a rubber or some other kind of artificial -tee, and of course he plays with the ball attached to the -driving-machine. The dial shows that he has driven 115 yards, and has -therefore carried the earth bunker. He sticks in his pin at the 115-yard -point, and N. has his turn. We will suppose that N. tops his ball, and -the dial shows that his ball has travelled only 50 yards. He sticks in -his pin at that point on the map. N. being the farthest from the hole, -must now play again, and this time he must not use a tee, but must -simply place the ball on the "driving-pad." As he is fifty yards from -the bunker he will probably use his brassie, and this time he gets in a -good shot of 130 yards, which will advance him to the 180-yard point. - -The play goes on in this manner until both balls have been played inside -the "approaching-zone" or fifty-yard circle. Then the driving-machine is -set aside, and the approach shot is made with a free ball, and at the -stand (Fig. 3) or target (Fig. 2). As before explained, a ball in the -bull's-eye means that the player has holed out, if in the smallest ring -he is one foot from the hole, and six and fifteen feet away for the -middle and outer rings respectively. A ball that misses the target -altogether is held to be "foozled," and must be taken back and played -again (counting a stroke each time) until the player has succeeded in -hitting the bull's-eye or one of the numbered rings. And particularly -note this: if, as in this case, there is a hazard between the player's -ball and the green, the ball must not only hit the target, but it must -do so above the horizontal mark called on the diagram (Fig. 2) the -bunker-line. Failing in this, the player is held to be in the bunker, -and must add a penalty stroke to his score, and try again, until he does -succeed in hitting the target above the bunker-line. The balls being now -within holing-distance they are placed at their respective marks (one -foot, six feet, or fifteen feet from the putting-stand), and holed out -in the ordinary manner. - -The small type under the plans give specific directions for the playing -of each hole, and may be varied at discretion. In sand the player must -drive off the bare floor instead of from the pad, and for a heavy lie or -long grass an old bear-skin (or other long-haired skin) rug may be -substituted. The half-circles mean that a ball driven beyond the marked -figures is out of bounds and lost. - -Finally, in the event of a long shot that exactly covers the distance to -the hole, the player may be considered to have holed out in that shot. -M. is 110 yards from the green. He drives, and the dial indicates -exactly 110 yards. M. is down by a lucky fluke, and does not have to do -any approaching or putting. - -It is hardly worth while to make any argument against the assertion that -all this is not golf. Of course it is not golf, but it is as near to it -as we are likely to get within the limits of our four walls. Driving -with the machine is good practice for the "long game," even though it -cannot help us in correcting that dreaded "slicing" and "pulling." But -these last, again, are principally matters of a faulty aim; it is the -eye that needs correction. Practice with the approaching-target may -teach us the sense of direction with our wrist shots, and we can leave -the distance problem for our open-air play. The putting will train both -eye and hand. Finally, the game is a practical one, and with a little -ingenuity and intelligence in laying out the imaginary course, it may -serve very well by way of amusement during the winter afternoons and -evenings when the mercury without is hovering around the zero mark and -the snow lies deep upon the links. - - - - -THE MIDDLETON BOWL. - -BY ELLEN DOUGLAS DELAND. - - -CHAPTER II. - -While Miss Joanna Middleton was imparting the news of her startling -discovery to her sisters in the house, Teddy and her aunt Thomasine were -walking as swiftly as possible toward the lower end of the garden. -Theodora's face betrayed that she was greatly excited, and she held her -aunt's hand tightly, and almost dragged her along in her haste to get -there. - -"My dear Teddy," said Miss Thomasine at length, while she fairly gasped -for breath, "I am not accustomed to walking so fast. I--I really must -stop for a moment." - -"Oh, do excuse me, Aunt Tom! I never thought. You see, I am so used to -running." - -They stopped, and stood facing each other for a moment. - -"What have you under your apron?" asked Miss Thomasine. - -Theodora's face grew redder still, and she cast down her eyes. This was -unusual, for the child had a frank, fearless habit of fixing her brown -eyes upon those of the person to whom she was speaking which was very -winning. Her face had a way of showing every emotion which she might be -feeling, and her aunt saw at once that something was the matter. - -"Are you so troubled about the kitten, Teddy, my dear?" asked Miss -Thomasine. "Do you begin to feel sorry that you fought the boy?" - -"I'm not a bit sorry, Aunt Tom. I'm glad, glad, _glad_! But you needn't -look so disappointed; the sorry feeling may come later. It usually does -after I've been naughty, but sometimes not for a good while. For -instance, when I've been naughty in the morning I very often don't begin -to feel sorry till toward sunset. I suppose I begin to think then of -that verse in the Bible about not letting the sun go down on your wrath. -So perhaps late in the afternoon I may begin to feel a little bit sorry -about Andy Morse, though I don't know. But are you rested yet, Aunt Tom? -I do want to get to the funeral, but not unless you are quite ready," -she added, politely. - -"Suppose you take my other hand," said Miss Thomasine, "and I will hold -my sunshade in this one." - -For some reason this arrangement did not appear to please Theodora. -However, she put both of her hands under her apron, and after a curious -sound of the clatter of china, she produced her right hand and gave it -to her aunt. - -"What have you there, Teddy, my dear? What are you hiding under your -apron?" asked the gentle little lady. - -"Oh, nothing much, Aunt Tom. At least--that is--yes, there is something, -but--well--I would rather not tell you what it is, if you don't mind." - -Soon they turned a corner, and reached the spot where the six Hoyt boys -were awaiting them. - -"We thought you were never coming, Ted! What kept you so long?" shouted -Paul, who was the eldest, and therefore master of ceremonies. Catching -sight of Miss Thomasine, he stopped abruptly. "Aren't you going to have -a funeral?" he asked. "We've got everything ready." - -"Oh yes, we're going to have it," responded she; "Aunt Tom came with me -to see how we do it. I'm sorry to have kept you waiting, but I really -could not get here before; and now I must speak to Arthur a minute. You -other boys just entertain Aunt Tom, please. She would like to rest. What -a lovely grave, and what sweet flowers! Arthur, come here a minute." - -They walked a short distance away, and then disappeared behind some -currant-bushes. The other boys appeared to be unequal to the task of -entertaining Miss Thomasine, so a profound silence reigned, making -plainly audible the murmur of Theodora's voice. - -"Hurry up there," said Paul, impatiently. "If you want me to help with -this funeral you must come quick. What are you talking about, anyway?" - -"Never mind," replied Teddy, running into sight, followed by Arthur. -"It's a secret, and you mustn't ask." - -Her aunt noticed that both hands were now visible, and that she carried -nothing in them; but Miss Thomasine soon forgot that she had felt any -curiosity in the matter, and turned her attention to the proceedings of -these very remarkable children. She also forgot that she had been -deputed by her sisters to stop these proceedings, and became wholly and -at once an interested spectator. - -"We will start from here and walk once around the garden," said Teddy, -"and we will make quite a long procession, for there are so many of us. -I wish we had some music. We might pretend that the poor dear kitten was -a soldier." - -"So we will," cried Clement. "I'll get my drum quicker than a wink." - -Before he had finished speaking he was over the garden wall. - -"And get my trumpet," shouted Raymond. - -Presently Clem returned, and all was now ready. Upon the boys' express -wagon reposed a pasteboard box, in which had been placed the kitten, -more honored in its death than in its short, unhappy life. Yellow -daisies, asters, and golden-rod were heaped upon the cart in magnificent -profusion, but the handle was draped in black. - -Arthur and Walter acted as horses, and subdued their natural speed to a -funereal gait; Clem and Raymond marched before, one beating his drum -with measured rat-tat-tat, the other blowing long and melancholy wails -upon his Fourth-of-July horn. On either side the cart walked Paul and -Charlie, while close behind came Theodora and her aunt Thomasine. - -"You will make a perfect chief mourner," whispered Teddy, "for your hat -is so black and so is your cape. I shall hold my handkerchief to my -eyes, so." - -"But, my dear," expostulated Miss Thomasine, "I really cannot. I do not -approve. Remember, it is only a kitten." - -"Yes, yes, I do remember. That poor dead kitten! Please come, Aunt Tom! -Don't spoil it all, and try to look as sad as you can!" - -And before Miss Thomasine really knew it, the procession had begun to -move and she was in it. Around the garden they walked, and finally -returned to their starting-place, where the grave had been already dug. -Paul and Charlie attended to this part of the ceremonies, the musicians -blew and beat a parting salute upon their instruments, Theodora mopped -her dry eyes, and the horses, when all was over, relieved their feelings -by running away. - -"Wasn't it fun?" exclaimed Teddy. "I never did like anybody so much as -you boys, and you do a funeral beautifully. Do you really have to go -back now, Aunt Tom? I wish you could stay here and play with us. Charlie -is going to let me try his bicycle, and I'd like you to see me." - -"Oh, my dear child," cried Miss Thomasine. "It will never do in the -world. You must not--indeed you must not! If you knew the feeling that -your aunts and I have about bicycles." - -"But they are not dangerous, Aunt Tom. Indeed, _lots_ of people ride -them." - -"It is not the danger so much as the-- Well, my dear, you must never do -it without asking your other aunts. A lady on a bicycle!" - -"But I'm not a lady; I'm only a child. Besides, lots of ladies ride -them. I've seen them in Alden over and over again." - -"It does not seem to me as if they can be real ladies. But come into the -house and ask your aunt Adaline. I cannot take any more responsibility. -I feel uncomfortable now about that funeral. I do not know what your -other aunts will say." - -"Oh dear!" grumbled Theodora; "it is such a bother to have to ask so -many people what I can do. If it were just you, Aunt Tom, I shouldn't -mind, but five are such a lot, and you all think everything is so -dreadful. I am sure mamma would let me ride a wheel." Her aunt made no -reply, and they walked toward the house. "There, I suppose I ought not -to have said that," added Teddy, penitently, after a moment's pause. "It -was disrespectful, I suppose. But oh, Aunt Tom, if you only won't all -say I can't ride a wheel, it is all I ask!" - -They found the door standing open, and from the sound of voices it was -evident that some one was in the parlor, and immediately the parlor door -was opened a crack, and at it appeared Miss Melissa, beckoning -mysteriously to her sister. - -"Come!" she whispered. "Thomasine, the-- My dear sister, be prepared! a -cruel blow!" - -"What do you mean, Melissa?" cried Miss Thomasine, her nerves quite -unstrung by the performance in which she had so recently taken part, and -also by her late altercation, if so it could be called, with her niece. - -"Come!" repeated Miss Melissa, and her sister went into the -drawing-room, almost expecting to find that there had been a death in -the family. - -Theodora ran up stairs. "They have found it out! they have found it -out!" she thought, and flying to her room she closed and bolted the -door. Ten minutes later her name was called from without. - -"Miss Theodora, are you there?" It was Mary Ann, one of the maids. Teddy -did not speak nor move. - -"Miss Theodora," said Mary Ann again, tapping at the door and rattling -the handle as she spoke. "I think, miss, you had better let me in. Your -aunts want to speak to you." - -Slowly Teddy rose from the bed, where she had flung herself, and -reluctantly opened the door. Her dark hair, which was cut short across -her forehead and hung in a wavy mass behind, looked sadly dishevelled, -and her face showed unmistakably that she had been crying. "What do they -want me for?" she asked. - -"A terrible thing has happened, miss," replied Mary Ann, in an awed -whisper; "the Middleton bowl is broke--the Middleton bowl as was worth -hundreds of dollars, I've heard tell, that folks has been comin' from -all over the country to see ever since I've lived here, and that's goin' -on fifteen years." - -"But why do they want me?" asked Theodora, showing no surprise when told -of the calamity, as Mary Ann noted. - -"Because, miss, _some_body has broke it, and as it ain't one of the -ladies themselves, it must have been either you or some of the help. So, -miss, if 'twas you and you don't tell it, some of us has got to suffer." - -"Mary Ann," said Teddy, stopping short at the stairs, "must I really go -down? Can't I run away? Won't you help me to run away, Mary Ann? I'll -give you something nice if you will." - -"La, miss, don't talk and look so wild! You just tell 'em you did it -quite accidental, and they'll forgive you. The Miss Middletons is real -ladies, and they won't scold, but they'll take it awful hard if you try -to deceive 'em. Just tell 'em you did it." - -"I can't possibly do that. Oh, Mary Ann, I wish I were in South America -with my father and mother!" - -She had reached the parlor door by this time, and there she paused. -Presently, summoning all her courage, she pushed it open and entered. - -"Poor little miss!" said Mary Ann to herself. "Of course she did it, and -I'm real sorry for her." - -And then she went off to the kitchen to tell the other frightened -servants that there was no doubt as to who was guilty. - -The parlor was a very large room, and Venetian-blinds at the seven long -windows shut out the light of day as much as possible. Two of them, at -one end of the room, had been drawn up this morning, however. As has -been said, the parlor was furnished in old-fashioned mahogany. There -were eight-legged tables, quaintly shaped shelves and cabinets, -Chippendale chairs, and even an ancient piano, made in the style of -eighty years ago. - -The Misses Middleton were modern in one respect only; their drawing-room -was filled with bric-à-brac. There were lacquered-ware tea-poys from -Japan and quaint idols from India, while rare old bits of china filled -every available space. Near one of the windows stood a Chinese table. It -was curiously carved, and the top was inlaid with bits of wood and ivory -in the shapes of mysterious Chinese symbols, and upon this table had -always rested, in honor and apparent security, the famous Middleton -bowl. - -The walls were lined with rare old paintings, and portraits from the -hands of Sully, Stuart, and even of Sir Joshua Reynolds and -Gainsborough, looked down upon the five descendants of the ancient race -of Middleton this September morning when they sat, drawn up in battle -array, to receive their niece. - -Slowly she walked into the room, and with downcast eyes and burning face -she stood before her aunts. They were seated in a semicircle, their -backs turned toward the windows, where the shades had been raised; -therefore the light streamed full in the face of Theodora. - -"What have you to say for yourself, Theodora?" asked Miss Middleton, in -an impressive voice. - -There was no reply. Miss Thomasine looked unhappy, and covered her face -with her handkerchief, and Miss Melissa again made use of her salts. -Miss Dorcas began to knit nervously, but Miss Joanna stared straight at -Theodora through her gold-rimmed spectacles. - -"Have you nothing to say, Theodora?" asked Miss Middleton, after a -pause. - -"No, Aunt Adaline." - -"You have not told her why she has been called, sister!" exclaimed Miss -Thomasine. "Perhaps she knows nothing about it." - -"Is that probable after what you told us?" asked Miss Middleton, -austerely. "However, I will humor you. Theodora, you have seen the -Middleton bowl?" - -Involuntarily Teddy's eyes turned toward the now empty Chinese table, -and then were dropped again. - -"Yes, it stood there," continued Miss Middleton, "and at ten o'clock -this morning it was still there, for I saw it myself. At a quarter past -eleven, when your aunt Joanna came down to dust the parlor, the -Middleton bowl was gone! Not a trace of it left but this small piece of -china to show that it had ever been there." - -Theodora glanced up again, and saw a triangular bit of china, an inch or -two long, which her aunt held in her hand and then laid upon the table. - -"You know the value of that bowl. You have been told that your -great-grandfather brought it home, and that there is said to be but one -like it in the world. Now that other is the only one. The Middleton bowl -is no more." - -She paused, and her sisters, more than one of them, sobbed audibly. Miss -Middleton, Miss Joanna, and Theodora herself alone were dry-eyed. - -"Have you anything to say for yourself?" asked Miss Middleton, for the -third time. - -And again Theodora replied, "No, Aunt Adaline." - -Miss Middleton's foot moved impatiently. "You must say something, -Theodora. In plain words, did you break the bowl?" There was no answer. -"Very well. You would have saved yourself in our esteem if you had -confessed at once that you broke it, and that it was an accident, as I -suppose it was. We should have forgiven you, great as the loss is. Now -you are attempting to hide it. I am only thankful that you are not -actually denying the fact, but I suppose you realize that it would be -useless. The evidence is too strong against you." - -"What do you mean, Aunt Adaline?" - -"Your aunt Thomasine will explain." - -"Oh, sister!" murmured Miss Thomasine. "I almost wish I had not told -you; but you took me so by surprise that the words came right out before -I knew it. Poor little Teddy! I am sure she did not mean to break it." - -"I beg you will not call her by that ridiculous boy's name, Thomasine!" -interrupted Miss Joanna. "And you are doing your best to encourage her -to keep silence. I think you and sister Adaline are entirely too -lenient. If I had _my_ way, I should soon force her to confess." - -Teddy, who had almost cried while her aunt Thomasine was speaking, now -raised her head and gazed defiantly at Miss Joanna. "_I did not break -the bowl_," she said, in a loud, clear voice. - -"Oh, Theodora!" exclaimed the five aunts, in a chorus of dismay. - -"I did not break the bowl," she repeated. - -"But, my dear, the pieces which you carried under your apron to the -garden?" murmured Miss Thomasine, greatly aghast at the turn which -affairs were taking. - -"How do you know I did?" asked Theodora, her face, which had become -pale, again growing red. - -"I--I thought I heard them clatter, but I may have been mistaken." - -"The only thing to do," said Miss Joanna, "is to go to the garden -ourselves, and find what is left of the bowl. You said, Thomasine, that -she appeared to have placed the pieces among the currant-bushes. Then we -shall discover whether or not you were mistaken. You are painfully weak -and indefinite, and I am glad that I, for one, always know what I am -talking about. Do you not agree with me, Adaline, that it would be well -for us to go?" - -Miss Middleton acquiesced, and the five sisters made themselves ready -for their walk. They were arrayed in garden hats and black silk -mantillas, and each one carried a sunshade. Even in the midst of her -misery Theodora wondered at their dressing so exactly alike, and why -they all wore gloves that were too large for them. - -[Illustration: SLOWLY THEY WALKED, TWO BY TWO, ALONG THE PATH.] - -Slowly they walked, two by two, along the path which led to the garden, -the maids watching them from the kitchen windows, and John, the hired -man, pausing in his work among the sweet-pease to stare after them in -astonishment. He also had heard of the calamity which had befallen the -household, but he did not know the connection between that and the foot -of the garden, and he never before had seen his mistresses walk there at -high noon (as it was according to the old dial), though he had lived -with them, and hoed their potatoes for twenty years. - -Two by two they went, Theodora and her aunt Thomasine in front, the -other aunts behind, down the very path over which had passed that -delightful funeral procession so short a time before. - -"I wish I were that kitten!" thought Teddy, miserably. "I would rather -be stoned than this! I suppose there is no way out of it. I've got to -show them where I hid the pieces. If I only hadn't left that little bit -which I never saw at all, they would have thought the bowl was stolen. -They never would have dreamed of my breaking it. How foolish I was!" - -One of the Hoyt boys, looking over the wall, saw the approach of the -Middleton ladies, and summoning all his brothers who were available, -they leaned upon the wall and watched the proceedings with intense -interest. Arthur alone, when he saw them coming, dropped the rake which -he had been using and fled toward the barn. - -"She's only a girl, after all," he said to himself, indignantly. "She -can't keep it dark. I told her they'd never guess it if she only held -her tongue, and now she has given it away!" - -Then his curiosity as to what would happen next overcame his apparent -desire for flight, and he returned to his brothers on the garden wall, -from the top of which could be had a fine view of the Misses Middletons' -currant-bushes. When he arrived at this point of vantage he found that -the ladies had reached the object of their walk, and that they stood in -a row upon the path. - -"Now," said Miss Joanna, with sarcasm--"now we shall see whether -Thomasine was mistaken or not!" - -She closed her sunshade with a vicious snap, and proceeded to poke with -it under the bushes. Theodora watched her for a moment in silence. - -"You needn't do that, Aunt Joanna," she said; and walking to a little -distance, she stooped and thrust her hand into the mass of green weeds -and dead leaves which had accumulated there. Almost immediately she drew -forth two pieces of broken china. "Here they are," she said. - -Miss Middleton took one piece and Miss Joanna the other. Without a word -they turned toward home. Miss Melissa and Miss Dorcas followed, and then -Miss Thomasine, holding Theodora by the hand, fell into line behind. -They walked away as slowly as they had come. - -[TO BE CONTINUED.] - - - - -A LOYAL TRAITOR. - -A STORY OF THE WAR OF 1812 BETWEEN AMERICA AND ENGLAND. - -BY JAMES BARNES. - - -CHAPTER XIII. - -A FRENCH LEAVE-TAKING. - -I could well write a book describing the two months of my life that I -spent as an English prisoner of war; but as this is to be a record of my -adventures alone, I fear me I would take up too much time if I should -allow this fact to leave my mind. - -We were awakened early in the morning, and orders were given us to get -our baggage ready, as we were going to be transferred from the frigate -to one of the prison-ships. The order to get our "baggage" must have -been a bit of sarcasm, as there was none of us who possessed a spare -shirt to his back. - -Our breakfast was doled out to us on the upper deck, and we hastened -down the gangway. Such a multitude of bumboats and small craft I had -never seen as surrounded the vessel. There was a great hubbub on all -sides, and our departure, being such a small number, created little -comment. A launch was waiting for us, and one by one we jumped into her -stern-sheets. - -I almost forgot I was a prisoner in looking about me, for it all was -new. I saw more ships gathered together than I had ever seen in the -whole course of my life. Some were twice as large as the 74 -_Plantagenet_ that I had seen from the deck of the _Minetta_. - -We rowed under the stern of a great vessel pierced on one side for sixty -guns. - -"This is the sort of a craft," said Sutton, pointing, "that Nelson and -their Admirals won battles with. She could swing the _Young Eagle_ at -her side; eh, youngster?" - -And well she could, I think, for it struck me that she was more of a -floating fort than a sailing craft. Sheer-hulks and vessels outfitting -crowded the inner harbor, and the constant hammering, tapping, and -picking of an army of calkers filled the air. - -When we reached the gangway on the port side we climbed up to the tall -gallery. I had to smile. We might have been royal personages making a -visit, for such ceremony I have never seen equalled. We passed between -two files of marines and were inspected by three different groups of -officers. They asked questions, and for some time seemed to be quite -confident that Sutton was an Englishman. In this belief they were -somewhat shaken when they saw his tattoo decorations, however. - -At last our names were taken, and we passed below into the foul-smelling -air of the 'tween-decks. Five or six hundred men were confined on board -this ship, and as the guards had a generous portion set apart for -themselves, the prisoners were much crowded. But we were not going to be -kept here long; and although the time seemed to go slowly and was -certainly most tedious, only a week elapsed before we were informed that -we were going to be taken to a large prison near the town of Bristol. - -On the twelfth day we were landed on the dock in Plymouth, and the dry -ground felt odd to our feet, I can tell you. As luck had it, Sutton, -Craig, and myself were in the first draft. It took us several days to -travel from Plymouth to Bristol, being closely guarded by a squadron of -cavalry and a battalion of infantry on the route. - -It was a bright afternoon when we arrived on the outskirts of the city, -where we halted but a few minutes, and I learned that we were yet -several miles from Stapleton, where the prisons were situated. Despite -our fatigue, we were hastened along a broad, dusty road that led to the -north. - -At six o'clock we skirted the edge of a vast domain that I found, by -asking, was the private estate of the Duke of Devonshire, and before we -knew it we were halted in front of a long row of stone buildings, behind -the barred gratings of which appeared hundreds of pallid faces. As we -passed over the drawbridge spanning the deep moat, we entered the -court-yard, and found ourselves with the brown sombre prison-houses on -either hand. - -The chatter of French sounded all about us, for the majority of the -prisoners were Frenchmen taken in the wars against Napoleon. The -Americans were domiciled in a building apart from the Frenchmen, and did -not appear to enjoy the garrulous, half-contented spirit of the others. - -Thus began two months of prison life that I shall dismiss with a few -words, although, as I hinted, I could write a volume about it. - -A huge prison, in which are confined some five or six thousand men (our -numbers were swelled every day by new drafts of American prisoners and -Frenchmen) is much like a city. We had theatrical companies, markets, -and exchanges, and men quarrelled and gambled, and plied their trades or -callings to some advantage. Time passed quickly, although one day was -much like another. We were well guarded and fairly well fed, although -clothing and foot-gear were at a premium. - -My size and strength had apparently increased since I had left Belair. I -stood six feet in height before I was nineteen years of age, and I -afterwards added two inches more to this. In the sports, especially in -foot-races and wrestling, I found myself a leader. Of course no one -could live in such a community as this, even for a short time, without -picking up a great deal of useful knowledge, besides imbibing much also -that would serve no one in good stead except perhaps as a warning. - -My knowledge of the French tongue enabled me to converse with the -Frenchmen, and I whiled away many an hour by talking with them and -reading a romance so smirched by constant handling as to be almost -undecipherable. A small volume of Shakespeare, belonging to an -ex-schoolmaster, who kindly loaned it to me, I pored over by the hour. - -One day there came a little excitement in our life, and a great -hallooing and huzzahing resounded through the prison. It was a reception -tendered to a division of the crew of the luckless _Chesapeake_ that was -transferred from the hulks to join us. We got up an entertainment in -their honor that evening. - -Now to come to the evening of the 16th of September, 1813, that I can -set down in this chronicle in large important letters; for on this date, -by a combination of fortunate circumstances, I ceased to be a prisoner. -It happened thus: - -The officers attached to the military force stationed at the prison -lived together in a small building at the southwest corner of the -rectangle formed by the high walls. Through the building which they -occupied a passage ran to a small postern-gate. On several occasions I -had been over there bearing messages from the prison-keeper (I was one -of the monitor officers in charge of the order of my section of the west -wing). But of course I had never progressed further than the small -antechamber that opened into the guard-room, where I would wait to -secure an audience with the commandant or one of his subordinates. - -Now on this day I was bound to see a strange condition of affairs--the -orderly who generally stood at the door was missing from his post. It -was past dusk, and as I pushed in I noticed that the entrance to the -guard-room, usually filled with soldiers, was shut. I thought of giving -a hail, but then perceiving also that the entrance into the main -building was gaping wide, impelled by a sudden impulse I stepped across -the threshold into the hallway. I could hear voices coming from -somewhere; but a room to the right appeared to be empty; a candle was -burning on top of a tall dressing-case, and there across the foot of a -narrow cot lay spread the uniform of a Lieutenant; and a great bear-skin -shako, with a tall plume, topped one of the bedposts. - -Now I think to do what I did then took more courage than anything I have -ever attempted. I gave a leap sideways into the room, and closed the -door behind me. Actually panting from excitement, I tore off the rags -which served me for clothing, and shaking from head to foot I donned the -uniform. Luckily the clothes were made for a large man, and they fitted -me to perfection. I glanced at myself in the glass as I put the towering -head-gear on as a finishing-touch. I was a strange-looking object. My -hair, which was long, was done sailor fashion down my back in a queue, -but the locks straggled down my cheeks; and, young as I was, my -appearance would have been improved by the use of a razor. But I -gathered my hair on the top of my head, where it was kept by the weight -of the shako, and then I stepped to the door. The voices had ceased, but -I plainly perceived that some one was coming down the corridor, which -was flagged with stone; the jingling of spurs echoed along the walls. -Hastily I closed the door, and extinguished the light with a pinch of my -fingers. It was good for me that I had done this, for whoever it was -gave the door a push and thrust in his head. How he ever missed seeing -me (for I could have struck him with my knee) I cannot see to this day. -It was one of the general officers, and attired for duty evidently, as -he carried a long sabre hitched under his arm. - -"Humph! Not here," he said. "A pretty piece of business." - -Then away he clanked, and I heard the slamming of a door to another -apartment. I knew that probably he came from the outside, and that the -way to freedom, or at least to the open air, must be in the direction -from which he was walking. I stepped out into the passageway and tiptoed -down it. Then thinking that cautious steps might attract notice, I -changed my gait to a military stride, and swaggered along with chest out -and shoulders back. My doing this was fortunate, for I went by the open -entrance of a small apartment, and a young man in undress uniform sat -reading a book with the aid of a small lamp. He glanced out at me, but -made no comment. I had affected to yawn, and half covered my face with -my hand. - -Now I came to the end of the corridor, and here were three doors; the -one on the left shut, the centre one partly ajar, and the one on the -right closed with large bolts. Looking through the door that was open, I -could perceive a man's leg stretched out on a chair as if he were -resting, so I turned to the one on the left. I was about to draw the -latch when from within I heard the sound of voices in conversation. - -"Good for you! Now another throw," some one said. Then came the rattle -of a dice-box. - -There was nothing for it but to try the farther door, the one that was -bolted, and to do this I had to run the risk of attracting the man's -attention in the middle room. I stepped by, and giving a quick glance -over my shoulder, I saw that he was asleep, with his mouth wide open and -his arms folded across his chest. With trembling fingers I drew the bolt -of the heavy, iron-studded door, and swung it open. - -Here was another passageway much like the first, with rooms on either -side and a staircase in a recess at the farther end. Good fortune still -favored me. I tramped down it, and found that to go out I had evidently -to ascend the steps. When I reached the foot and had placed my hand on -the iron guard-rail, I almost gave a gasp of sheer fright. There -standing on a little platform at the top was a grenadier, with his -musket leaning against him. He had caught sight of me, however, at this -same instant; the hall was dimly lighted with a flickering taper, and I -was in full view. - -But to my surprise the man said nothing, but drew himself erect and his -musket snapped to a present. Drawing the heavy cloak that I had thrown -about my shoulders up to my nose, I hurried up the steps and returned -the soldier's salute in proper manner, but with shaking fingers, as I -passed him. - -Here I was in the open air, and from the entrance a narrow causeway or -bridge led to the top of the wall. But all danger was not over, for at -the farther end stood two more red-coated gentry. One had called the -attention of the other to my approach, and there they were, drawn up -like two statues at attention. I should have to go between them. But the -light was very dim, and only boldness could serve my purpose. So I gazed -directly at them, and with a great bound of my heart in my throat, I saw -that I was going to be successful. They presented arms as I brushed by. - -A small flight of stairs led down the wall on the outside, and here the -ditch was spanned by a foot-bridge, and on the bank stood another -sentry. I had wondered why I had not been asked for a password of some -sort, and now I feared that this last man would prove my downfall, and -that surely I would be stopped and asked some question. I hesitated as I -stood there half-way down the steps, and at this instant I noticed the -sentry across the bridge bring his musket to a half-charge with a ring -of his accoutrements. In the dusk I could see four or five figures -approaching, and then I heard the sentry call them to halt. - -I could not make out the words that followed, but it was all merely -perfunctory business I recognized, as the approaching figures were -officers. Now fear often gives a man a judgment and cleverness that -support him in sore straits. There was but one chance, and I took it. I -turned about, retraced my steps, passed the two sentries, who saluted me -once more, then again the third man at the head of the stairway, and I -was back in the corridor. - -When I had turned the angle of the passage, I entered one of the rooms, -and crouched down behind a curtain, holding my big hat in my lap. My -teeth chattered so that I feared the noise would be audible, and I had -been just in time, as, laughing and talking, the officers were -approaching. - -As I sat crouched in a corner I perceived that they had some huge joke -among them. They were walking slowly, and I heard distinctly what -passed. - -"The idea of Tillinghast forgetting the countersign strikes me as being -grand," exclaimed some one, with a guffaw at the end of the sentence. - -"Ha! ha! ha!" laughed another. "I told you it was the author of -_Robinson Crusoe_, Tilly." - -"Why, confound it all! I always thought that he himself wrote the book," -roared a deep bass. - -I recognized the speaker as the junior in command of the prison. It was -his clothes, by-the-way, that I had on my back at the moment. - -"I think the Governor chose it for a play on words," said another. "A -poor pun even for him." - -"Why we should require a password at all is more than I can see," said -Tillinghast. "Come down to my quarters, Carntyne. We have time for a -game of whist." - -They passed on. I waited a few minutes, putting two and two together, -and suddenly it came to me. _I had the password at the tip of my -tongue!_ Hastily arising, I stepped outside of the room. It was but a -few yards to the bottom of the stairs, and I heard the sentry humming a -snatch of a tune, and keeping time to it with the stamping of his feet -in a sort of a jig. I was afraid that if I approached him the way that I -had done before, he might look closer, so I made believe that I was -carrying on the fag end of a conversation with some one, and answered an -imaginary question with a laugh (a trifle forced, I must admit). - -"No, thanks," I said; "you gentlemen are too much for me. I must hasten. -Eh?" (A pause.) "I shall be back by nine o'clock, but I must hurry." -Then I charged up the steps as if the devil was after me. The grenadier -had hardly time to salute me; and I rushed past the other two at the end -of the causeway at the same pace. They made some remark after I had gone -by, but I did not catch it. More leisurely I descended the steps on the -outside of the wall, and crossed the little foot-bridge to where the -last sentry stood. His musket barred my path, but it was a respectful -attitude. - -"The word, sir?" he said, slurring the usual challenge. - -"Defoe," I answered. He hesitated. "Daniel Defoe," I repeated, -restraining with difficulty a mad impulse to close with him and pitch -him headlong into the ditch. - -The response to this was a backward step on the sentry's part, and a -stiff attitude of present arms. I replied with somewhat of a flourish, -and hastened down the path. It led across a sort of common, bordered by -twinkling lights shining from some vine-covered houses, and in the -stillness I heard the sound of a fiddle played somewhere, and from -another direction the voice of an infant crying at top lung. What was I -to do? I had a good fund of general information, perhaps, owing to my -reading, and I had made up by this time the hiatus caused by my being -out of the world those two years at Belair; but I knew little or nothing -of the geography of England, and to save my soul I could not have -imagined which would be the best direction to take. - -My one idea was to put as much space between me and the prison-yard as I -could, so I walked away from it with that end in view alone. It grew -very dark, and I kept to the common until I plunged through a thorny -hedge and made the road. It seemed to lead straight to the northward, -which was as good for me as any other point of the compass, so I -hastened along as fast as my legs could carry me. - -The big military hat wobbled unsteadily on my head, and I thought how -difficult it would be to make any sort of a fight with such an -encumbrance to quick motions. But I reasoned I would attract a great -deal of attention if I should discard it, so I slung it over my back by -the plume, ready to clap it on if necessary, and went forward at a -dog-trot. - -The villages in this part of the country were so close together that I -seemed hardly to leave one before I saw the lights of another. I was -evidently on the highway, however, and, strange to say, I met but a few -country people walking. They looked at me rather curiously, but did not -speak. Thus I had traversed some twelve miles or more before midnight, -and as there was a town of some size in the distance, judging by the -lights and the sounds of two separate sets of chimes striking the hour, -I determined to find some place where I could rest and think over the -situation. - -At first glance I might pass for one of his Majesty's officers, perhaps, -but I could not stand an investigation without discovery. Yet I did not -despair, for I was young, and youth builds to suit its fancy. But -leg-weariness began to tell on me, and crawling in behind a hedge, I -rolled myself in a cloak, and must have fallen to dreaming on the -instant, for I began to go over the events of the last two days, and -from them my mind strayed back into the past; and among other things, of -course, thoughts of Mary Tanner came into my head and drove out all -else. - -It seemed to me that again I was in a little garden under the shadow of -a rose-bush. I could recall Mary's arch smile and the sideway glance of -her eye. The imaginary conversation we held continued at great length, -and then the scene changed to the sea, and I was the Captain of a ship, -sailing, with a fair wind, to some country whose name I could not place, -but I knew that there Mary was waiting for me. - -All at once I awoke and found myself with one hand in the breast of my -brilliant red coat, grasping a little leather bag that was strung around -my neck with a thong, containing all that I knew of that I could claim -in the way of earthly possessions. These consisted of one of the De -Brienne buttons, a single gold piece with the head of King Louis on it, -and a package of dried rose leaves twisted into a small bit of paper. - -It was gray dawn; cocks were crowing, and the bleating of sheep sounded -from near by. With wonderful swiftness the light spread, and soon I -could see my surroundings. The road was but a stone's-throw away, and I -pushed through the hedge and found myself standing there not knowing -which way to turn; in fact, I feared it would make little matter which -choice I made--north, east, south, or west. I saw nothing but ultimate -recapture before me. "No matter what happens, I shall have a yarn to -spin," I said, grimly, to myself, as I stretched my stiffened legs and -rubbed my cold hands together to start my chilled blood going. - -[TO BE CONTINUED.] - - - - -THE OLD DAYS OF CLIPPER-SHIPS. - -BY DUNCAN McLEAN. - - -During the great wars of Napoleon the mercantile shipping of the world -was much deranged, but at the peace of 1815 it began to revive. New York -organized splendid lines of packets, ranging from 500 to 1000 tons, and -these had the most of the passenger trade with Europe, principally with -Liverpool, London, and Havre. Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode -Island, and Connecticut built many smaller vessels, which traded with -all parts of the world, and which at the same time carried on an -extensive coasting and fishing business, and were manned almost -exclusively by American seamen. - -As trade increased, ships were built faster than trained seamen could be -found to man them. This brought seamen from Europe, and in a few years -our shipping, excepting the officers, was manned by foreigners. Many -ship-builders of New England were also farmers, who made both -occupations pay. Although the size of our ships has been increased, and -their models have been improved, there has been no improvement in their -materials or in the style of their construction. As a rule, they were -built of the best seasoned white oak, copper-fastened, coppered, and -through treenailed, and they lasted longer than the best built ships of -thirty years ago. They were certainly far more seaworthy than the best -wooden ships of to-day. These, then, were the vessels which in so short -a time became the subject of remark all over the world. The term clipper -was first applied to schooners built at Baltimore (Maryland), designed -to trade with South America, Africa, the Mediterranean, and the West -Indies. They ranged in size from two hundred tons down to pilot-boats of -fifty tons, were sharp at the ends and sharp on the bottoms or floors, -and had raking masts. In time they became notorious as slave-traders and -pirates, and during the last war with Great Britain were successful -privateers. They were first upon the world of waters for speed and -weatherly qualities. The "long low black schooner" so often mentioned in -exciting sea-stories as a pirate was a clipper. - -The late Captain R. B. Forbes, his father, mother, and two brothers, -embarked on board the _Orders in Council_ at Bordeaux (France), in 1813, -bound for the United States. She was one of a numerous fleet of -Baltimore and New York clippers, armed with six nine-pounders, and had a -crew of about twenty all told. Shortly after leaving port she was chased -by three British cutters, sloop-rigged, and outsailed them, but the wind -died away. The boats of the three cutters towed the _Wellington_, the -nearest, within range, and a fight ensued, which lasted over an hour, -when a breeze sprang up, and the _Orders in Council_ soon showed her -clipperly speed. A parting shot cut the cutter's peak-halyards away, and -before they could be replaced the American had escaped. War was then in -progress between the United States and Great Britain. During the war of -1812-14 American clipper-privateers captured over one thousand British -merchantmen. - -The same year, Sir Walter Scott, the author of _Waverley_, while -returning in a cutter along the west coast of Scotland from a cruise -among the Shetland and Orkney islands, was chased by an American -privateer, and barely escaped capture. The result of this cruise was the -production of _The Pirate_, one of the best of his many delightful -books. - -[Illustration: THE GREAT RACE ROUND CAPE HORN.] - -Among the many great results of the discovery of gold in California in -1849, none were more interesting than the clippers which were built in a -few years to perform the carrying trade to the new El Dorado. Rapidly as -the population increased, it hardly kept pace with the means to furnish -supplies, notwithstanding the distance and the tempestuous nature of the -sea they had to be carried over. Month after month ships surpassing in -beauty and strength all that the world had before produced were built -and equipped by private enterprise, to form the means of communication -with the new land of promise. The most eminent ship-builders and -enterprising merchants vied with one another to lead in the great race -round Cape Horn. The common rules which had for years circumscribed -mechanical skill to a certain class of models were abandoned, and the -ship-owner contracted only for speed and strength. Ships varying in size -from 1000 to 3000 tons were soon built and sent to sea, and their -wonderful performances, instead of satisfying, increased the demand to -excel. The ship _Flying Cloud_, of 1700 tons, commanded by Captain -Creesy, made the passage from New York to San Francisco in 89 days and 4 -hours. Such results would have satisfied most men that they had at last -produced a model that would defy competition, but such was not the -conclusion of Mr. Donald McKay, who built her and several other -successful clippers. He consulted their captains about wherein they had -failed to come up to his designs. Like a proof-reader, he only desired -to detect their errors. The floor, or bottom, of the _Flying Cloud_ -represented the letter V. The next ship he designed was made to -represent the letter U. This gave her more capacity and increased -stability. - -He built the _Sovereign of the Seas_, of 2400 tons, on his own account. -Although she did not make as short a passage from New York to San -Francisco as the _Flying Cloud_, yet she beat the swiftest of the entire -fleet, which sailed about the same time, 7 days. In 24 consecutive hours -she ran 430 geographical miles, 56 more than the greatest run of the -_Flying Cloud_, and in 10 consecutive days she ran, by observation, 3144 -miles. In eleven months her gross earnings amounted to $200,000. - -The following were the passages made from New York to San Francisco by -the clippers: - - Tons. Passage. - Flying Cloud 1700 89 days. - Flying-Fish 1600 92 days. - Sovereign of the Seas 2400 103 days. - Bald Eagle 1600 107 days. - Empress of the Sea 2250 118 days. - Staghound 1550 112 days. - -The following sailed from Boston to San Francisco: - - Tons. Passage. - Westward Ho 1700 107 days. - Staffordshire 1950 101 days. - -Mr. McKay built the _Great Republic_, of 4550 tons, with four decks; but -she was partly burned in New York in 1853, and when repaired the fourth -deck was taken off. She sailed several voyages between New York and San -Francisco, and was never beaten. During the Crimean war she was hired as -a transport by the French government, and with a leading whole-sail -breeze not a steamer, far less a sailing-vessel, could keep alongside of -her. - -[Illustration: SHOWING DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE LINES OF THE OLD SHIPS AND -THE NEW CLIPPERS.] - -The last great ship designed and built by Mr. McKay was the _Glory of -the Seas_, of 2009 tons. She was a combination of the clipper and the -New York packet-ship, designed to carry a large cargo, to sail fast, and -to work like a pilot-boat. She was 240 feet 2 inches long, had 44 feet -extreme breadth of beam, and was 28 feet deep, with three decks. Captain -Tom Chatfield, who commanded her several voyages, speaks of her as the -grandest vessel he ever knew. She is still afloat, and hails from San -Francisco. At one time she was owned by J. Henry Sears & Co., well known -as eminent merchants of Boston. - -Captain Waterman, in command of the clipper-ship _Sea Witch_, made some -of the quickest passages on record between New York and China. His last -command afloat was in the ship _Challenge_, which he took from New York -to San Francisco. Captain Philip Dumaresq, of Boston, who last sailed in -the ship _Florence_ in the China trade with New York, ranked high during -his whole service afloat. At sea he never took his clothes off to turn -in at night, that he might always be on hand to spring on deck. The -quickest passage on record from Shanghai (China) to New York was made in -the ship _Swordfish_ by Captain Crocker. Though becalmed a week on the -equator, he made the run in 84 days, and beat the overland mail from -India a week. It was stated in a San Francisco paper that the _Young -America_ made the passage from New York in less time than the _Flying -Cloud_, but it was not confirmed. One hundred days was considered quick -time for an outward passage. The ship _Northern Light_ made the passage -from San Francisco to Boston in 76 days. She was in ballast, and had -fair winds all the way. - -To show the rapidity with which clippers were built, the ship _John -Bertram_, of 1080 tons, was launched six weeks from the time her keel -was laid, and in two weeks more was on her way from Boston for San -Francisco with 1500 tons of cargo on board. When she was launched, her -builder, Mr. Robert E. Jackson, fell overboard; her owner, Captain -William T. Glidden, plunged after him, without even taking off his coat, -and saved him. Old sailors predicted that she would be unlucky, yet she -kept afloat thirty years afterward, and cleared her original cost a -dozen times. - -[Illustration: A CLIPPER-BRIGANTINE.] - -In 1855 there were 268 ships of an average of 1200 tons each under our -flag, and most of them were clippers. In addition to these there were -many barks, brigs, and schooners remarkable for beauty of model and -famous for speed. From 1849 to the breaking out of the civil war we had -the cream of the carrying trade of the world. After that our shipping -declined rapidly; many of our famous clippers were sold to avoid -capture. Steam navigation has superseded sails in the China and -Mediterranean trade, and to-day there are not a dozen clipper-ships left -under our flag. - -When gold was discovered in Australia, the British purchased many of our -fine clippers, which were very successful in their passages. The -emigrants from British ports soon preferred them to their own vessels, -on account of their spacious between-decks and high rate of speed. We -also shared largely in the trade, and for several years kept regular -lines of swift ships, laden with American goods, which found a ready -market in Melbourne. After the adaptation of iron to ship-building, the -British copied our clipper lines for most of their new sailing-vessels, -and now compete successfully with us in carrying heavy cargoes. Iron -ships have the preference in carrying grain from San Francisco to -Europe. - -In 1813 a vessel from China received a pilot off Cape Cod in a fog, and -kept close inshore to avoid two British frigates which were in the bay. -When off Plymouth the fog lifted and revealed the frigates about two -miles distant, which instantly made all sail in chase. It was only -half-flood, and the pilot was afraid that there was not water enough to -run in; but he took the chances and succeeded, though both vessels -opened fire upon him. Fortunately there was a company of militia on hand -with a field-piece, which protected the ship against the boats that were -despatched to cut her out. All the men of the place turned out and soon -landed her cargo, composed of teas and silks, and then stripped the ship -to her lower masts, apprehensive that the boats might make a night -attack on her. But they did not. - -William Gray, a rich ship-owner, had a clipper-bark which had been -knocking about in the West Indies in search of freight. A vessel laden -with sugar put into St. Thomas in distress, and sold her cargo, which -the American purchased as a venture. She ran the blockade, and Mr. Gray -was the first to board her. "Captain," he said, nervously, "I see you're -very deep; what have you got in?" "Sugar," was the brief reply, -"purchased on the ship's account." He felt that he had made no mistake, -especially as Mr. Gray threw his hat in the air before he responded. -Picking up his hat, Mr. Gray faced the Captain with a pleasant smile, -and said, "It's just our luck, Captain; you have not only saved your -ship, but this day there are not fifty boxes of sugar in all Boston, and -prices are sky-high." - -Early in the century Salem had some swift vessels engaged in the East -India and China trade, but these have mostly disappeared. - -Although large clipper-ships have mostly disappeared, we have many fine -clipper-schooners engaged in fishing, which are unequalled for speed and -weatherly qualities by the fishermen of all other nations. Change is the -order of the day in shipping, as well as in most other things. The -navies of the world have been changed three times during the past fifty -years. The huge wooden ships of the line and frigates were displaced by -the application of steam, and these have been superseded by iron and -steel; and the end is not yet, for inventors assert that electricity -will be the motive power on the ocean as well as on the land. - - - - -WITH THE THANKS OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT. - -BY WILLIAM DRYSDALE. - - -"Yes, the boy is in a bad way," Dr. Murray said, with his fingers on -Frank's pulse; "a very bad way. This is a serious case. Why not let me -take him out to Tortugas? We have plenty of fresh air there, and I -should like to have him with me." - -"To Tortugas?" Mrs. Bethel exclaimed. "To the quarantine station? Why, -you are liable to have yellow fever cases there any day! Oh, doctor, I -never could let him go out there!" - -"Do you think I would take him into any danger?" the doctor laughed. "It -is much safer there than in Key West. Our quarters are in the great -fort, but the pest-house is on Bird Key, half a mile away. I do not know -of any place in the far South that has as good a summer climate, for the -wind strikes us on every side, as we are seventy miles from land. And as -to danger--pshaw!" - -With Frank eager to go and his mother anxious to have his health -improved, there was not much doubt that in the end the doctor's -invitation would be accepted. That was the way it turned out, and when -the doctor's steam-launch started from the naval depot wharf two days -later, Frank was in the little cabin with the doctor, and his trunk was -stowed away somewhere up forward. - -"Now for a quick run to 'Tugas, let us hope!" the doctor exclaimed, as -the launch began to cut through the clear water of Key West Harbor. -"Eight-thirty; we ought to be there by four-thirty this evening, unless -the weather changes. We can't risk any rough seas in this launch, you -know. If a storm should come up, we'd have to take refuge on one of the -four or five keys between here and 'Tugas. Do you know that Fort -Jefferson is the hardest place in the United States for a traveller to -reach, Frank, unless he has a government boat to travel in?" - -The Gulf was as smooth as a pond, as it often is in summer, and every -minute Frank could see fish darting through the transparent water, and -great turtles and sea-fans and brain-stones on the bottom. He was as -much excited over it as if he had been starting for China. - -"There's something ahead," he exclaimed, about the middle of the -afternoon, "that I should say was a city growing right out of the water -if I didn't know that it must be the great fort. But there can hardly be -any fort as big as that. Is that really it, doctor?" - -"That is really the fort," the doctor answered, "and I think we will be -there now inside of an hour." - -"But it seems to stand right in the water!" Frank exclaimed. "I don't -see any land around it at all!" - -"It would take good eyes to see any land around it," the doctor replied, -with a twinkle in his own eyes. "You see, the island was only five acres -in extent, and they built a fort covering seven acres, so the -foundations were laid right out in the water." - -When they were near enough to see plainly, Frank did not try to conceal -his delight. - -"What an immense building!" he exclaimed. "I never imagined there was -such a big building in the world. No wonder it cost thirty millions! And -there are roofs and chimneys inside the walls, and palm-trees waving -over the top. I didn't know they had chimneys on a fort, doctor, and -palm-trees?" - -"They do in this one," the doctor laughed. "The roofs and chimneys -belong to the officers' quarters and barracks, and the palm-trees have -been growing ever since the fort was dismantled, thirty years ago." - -Once inside the great walls, they were in a large yard grown up with -palms and bushes; and crossing this, they entered the officers' -quarters, where Dr. Murray had his office and living-rooms. Such big -rooms, too, with great open fireplaces, and broad halls with iron -staircases. - -"Now make yourself at home, Frank," the doctor told him. "The whole -place is open to you, and you can go anywhere you like." - -For an hour or more he wandered alone among the open casemates, dodging -around conical piles of cannon-balls, patting the immense but -long-silent columbiads. Then the doctor joined him for a short time -before dinner in the vaulted casemates. - -"There are so many rusty machines here, doctor!" Frank exclaimed. "This -looks like a little furnace. What do you suppose it was for?" - -"That was for heating cannon-balls," the doctor answered, "so that they -could fire hot shot into a hostile ship." - -"And this thing looks like an oven big enough to supply a city." - -"It is an oven," the doctor explained. "This is the fort's oven. You -know at one time there were nearly three thousand people here, prisoners -and garrison, and all their bread was baked in this brick oven. That is -the reason it is almost as big as a house." - -"And this great machine in the bastion?" Frank asked. "It looks -something like a steam-engine; but it is rusty enough to fall to -pieces." - -"Ah, I am glad you reminded me of that!" the doctor explained. "I must -caution you about the water-tanks. That big machine is a condenser, -Frank. So many people required not only a great deal of bread, but a -great deal of water, too, and no fresh water is to be had out of this -coral rock. So this big condenser was put up. It pumped water out of the -Gulf and converted it into steam, and when the steam condensed into -water again the water was fresh. This old machine used to run day and -night at one time. - -"Then," the doctor went on, "they had to have places to store the water, -of course. For that purpose they built a system of water-tanks under the -entire fort. Under every one of these lower casemates there is a great -stone tank twenty or thirty feet square and ten or twelve feet deep; and -they are all connected, so that now when they are not full you could go -under the whole fort through the tanks. I suppose there is not another -series of water-tanks like them in the whole country. They have not been -used for years, but a little rain-water still flows in from the roofs, -so that the water is always two or three feet deep in them. It is a -dark, slimy place down in the tanks. - -"And that is what I want to caution you about," he continued. "You see -in the stone floor of every one of these lower casemates there is a trap -about two and a half feet square, covered with a square stone with an -iron ring in the centre. Those traps lead down to the tanks. Sometimes -one of the covers is lifted and is carelessly left off. I want you to be -very careful about them if you come into the casemates at night, for it -would be an ugly thing to tumble into the tanks. Here, I will lift this -cover and let you look down." - -[Illustration: "UGH!" FRANK EXCLAIMED; "WHAT A GHOSTLY PLACE!"] - -"Ugh!" Frank exclaimed, drawing back from the black hole. "What a -ghostly place! I suppose that stagnant water is full of all sorts of -creatures, too!" - -The dinner bell called them back to their quarters, and Frank found that -the quarantine establishment comprised about eighteen persons, including -the doctors and nurses, engineers, boatmen, and laborers; and these, -with the ordnance sergeant and the light-house-keeper, were the sole -inhabitants of the big fort. - -After dinner the doctor was busy, but Frank went out alone into the soft -moonlight to enjoy the cool evening breeze. He soon made the -acquaintance of the ordnance sergeant, and together they climbed the -solid stone stairs in one of the bastions up to the upper casemates. - -"Why, this is like fairy-land, if there is such a place!" Frank -exclaimed. "Just see the moonshine through the long rows of brick -arches! What a tre_men_dous big place! And the water looks like silver -outside, and in the enclosure everything is dark green." - -"This is only one section of the fort that you see," the sergeant said, -smiling at Frank's enthusiasm. "There are six sections just like this. -To-morrow I will take you up on the parapets. You can almost see Cuba -from there, but not quite." - -"And to think that three thousand people once lived on this little -island!" Frank exclaimed. "They must have been packed pretty thickly in -these casemates." - -For days Frank spent all his spare time in wandering about the great -fort, sometimes alone, and sometimes with the doctor or sergeant. There -were so many queer things to see! And everything was so solid and -warlike! And every evening while the moon lasted he climbed to the upper -casemates to enjoy the silvery water and the cool breeze. - -But after a while the moon disappeared and the nights became dark. Then -he moved about with caution, for the bushes in the enclosure tripped -him, and the vastness and silence of the great place awed him. Late one -evening, after he had said good-night to the ordnance sergeant and was -thinking of going to bed, the notion occurred to him: - -"How terrible it must have been to be shut up for months in one of those -lower casemates, with only a big columbiad and a pile of shells for -company! It makes a fellow shiver just to think of it!" - -"Pshaw!" he exclaimed, a moment later. "I don't like this being scared -at a shadow. I'm going over to some of those cells this minute, just to -punish myself. I know every inch of the way now, and can easily find -them in the dark." - -He started across the enclosure, picking his way carefully among the -bushes. The long grass tripped him, but he persevered. Once he ran plump -against something tall and hard, and after feeling it with his hand he -knew just where he was, for it was the tombstone of Major Smith, who -died in the fort of yellow fever in 1867, and was buried on the spot. -That made his flesh creep just a little bit, but he kept on. After he -reached the sally-port, which always stood wide open, he turned to the -right, dodging piles of solid shot, a fallen partition, and an old -steam-engine. In a minute more he was in front of the casemate he -wanted--not the casemate which he had stood in so many times already to -look out upon the sea, but a particularly gloomy one he remembered. He -stepped into the casemate, about two feet higher than the ground, and -the thick darkness staggered him for a moment. But he would not back out -now. Slowly he groped his way across the stone floor. - -Crash! In a second he saw a thousand stars shooting, and like a flash he -thought he realized that some one had struck him a blow on the head. - -"Help! help! help!" he shouted. "Murder! help! help!" - -He put up a hand to ward off a second blow, and found that it was -dripping wet. Blood, perhaps! Something was trickling down his face. -Maybe that was blood too! He was dripping all over. He tried to run, but -he could not, for something held his feet. He was standing in water -above his knees! - -Then he realized his terrible situation. Somebody had uncovered the trap -in the casemate and left it open, and he had fallen into the tank. He -was down in that horrible, black, slimy pit. Perhaps he had struck his -head in falling, but the water had broken the fall. - -"Help! help!" he cried, when this dawned upon him. But he soon stopped -that. All the men, he knew, were on the opposite side of the fort, and -probably all in bed. There was not the faintest hope of making any one -hear if he shouted all night. To climb out was impossible, for the hole -was six feet above his head, in the middle of the ceiling. He was doomed -to spend the night in that dreadful place, and in the morning he might -hope to attract attention. - -How long he stood there, shivering with the damp chill and with terror, -he does not know. It was long enough, at any rate, to make him fear that -he might lose his senses before morning, and fall and be drowned in the -slimy black water. Perhaps older fellows than Frank would have shivered -with fear in that awful black vault. - -He had pulled himself together enough to try to dry his upper clothes, -when he was startled by a slight noise overhead. Yes, he was sure he -heard a noise; and the next moment he heard a voice. Ah! surely a human -voice never sounded so sweet before! He had his mouth ready to cry out -for help, when he caught a word or two that made him pause to listen. - -"I tell you I'll wait no longer," the voice said. "They're all in bed -before this, and we're going to work. Come on." - -Frank was familiar with all the voices in the fort, but this was a -strange voice. Evidently strangers had landed; but what could they mean -by going to work at night? - -He still waited to listen, but instead of more words he heard the tread -of feet overhead. Could they be going away? Whoever the men were, he -must have help, and he would have called out in a second more if-- Hark! -There was a grating on the stones above, then a glimmer of light, as if -from a lantern. Then another strange thing happened. By the dim light he -saw the end of a ladder come down through the trap--not the trap over -his head, but two casemates further down, nearer the sally-port. - -By the same dim light Frank saw that the tanks were connected by broad -brick arches, through which the water flowed from one to another. The -ladder was let all the way down, and down it came four men, one after -another, one carrying the lantern, all carrying hammers and saws, and -all strangers. Frank was so surprised that he could do nothing but stand -still and watch. There was no danger of his being seen, for he was in -the deep gloom; but he could see every move the men made, as they -carried the light. - -The men seemed to know the ground thoroughly, for they waded off through -the water without hesitation, going in the opposite direction from -Frank. Through two of the brick arches they went, then up to the front -wall of the tank, and began to use their hammers and saws briskly. - -Frank saw that the wall was covered with a perfect maze of pipes, both -iron and lead, and that made it all plain to him. These men were -thieves, and they were cutting away the lead pipes to steal them. -Perhaps the strange situation sharpened his wits. At any rate, Frank saw -that the men were all absorbed in their work two casemates beyond the -ladder, and without waiting a moment longer he waded silently but -swiftly down to the foot of the ladder, flew up its rounds like an -athlete, and drew the ladder up after him. That left the thieves -securely trapped in the tanks. The stars were shining brightly now, and -half wild with joy at his release Frank rushed across the enclosure. - -"Help! help! help!" he shouted again. "Thieves! thieves!" - -His friends could hear him plainly enough now that he was outside; and -when Frank told his story they made short work of capturing the burglars -and taking possession of their sloop that waited by the wharf. - -"Those fellows have been here before," the men reported who were sent -down into the tanks: "they have cut away miles of lead pipe." - -The doctor saw that Frank was nearly used up with the excitement, and -insisted upon his having a cup of hot coffee and going to bed. - -"You have made an important discovery," he said, "and the War Department -ought to have something to say to you for it. Those fellows must have -taken hundreds of dollars' worth of pipes, and I think we can recover -them. I shall make a report to the Department, of course." - -It was not long before nearly $1600 worth of lead pipes were recovered -in Key West, where they had been taken; and when Frank went home late in -the fall, as strong and brown as any mother could ask to see her son, he -found a big letter waiting for him, without any stamps on the envelope, -but printed in the corner, "War Department, Adjutant-General's Office. -Official business." - -"Mr. Frank Bethel," the letter said: - - "DEAR SIR,--The Secretary of War has learned from Dr. R. D. Murray, - and from other official sources, of the recovery, through your - efforts, of a large amount of government property stolen from Fort - Jefferson. - - "I am therefore directed to forward you the enclosed check for one - hundred dollars, with the thanks of the War Department. - Respectfully yours, - - "J. W. ARMSTRONG, Chief Clerk." - -"Phew!" Frank exclaimed. "I'm glad the War Department don't know how -scared I was down in those tanks!" - - - - -[Illustration: INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT] - - -The interest in golf among the schools of the country seems to be -growing rapidly, and at a number of the large out-of-town schools, as -has already been told in this Department, courses have been laid out, -and tournaments have been held, notably at St. Paul's School, Concord, -Hotchkiss School, Lakeville, and at Lawrenceville. - -[Illustration: BERKELEY SCHOOL GOLF CUP.] - -The first scholastic tournament to be held in New York was that played -by the students of Berkeley on Election day. The competition was medal -play for a cup offered by Dr. White, the winner to receive an individual -cup in addition to having his name engraved on the championship cup, -which is to remain in the possession of the School Athletic Association. - -Great interest was taken in this tournament, and although H. M. Bowers, -one of the best golfers in school, was unable to take part, the -competition brought out some good play. The tournament was held at the -Van Cortlandt Park links, and there were fifteen entries. Studwell won -by an easy margin of seven strokes over Granbery, who came in second. -Summary of the match: G. Stuart Studwell, Jun., out, 63; in, 60--total, -123. E. Carleton Granbery, out, 73; in, 57--total, 130. Theodore R. -Pell, out, 67; in, 66--total, 133. Cornelius S. Pinkney, out, 76; in, -64--total, 140. - -The last three holes on the Van Cortlandt course are long ones, the -equivalent in distance to the total of the first six, the distance -between the eighth and ninth holes being nearly half a mile. Thus a -score of 60 on this course at Van Cortlandt Park would seem to be about -as good as 50 on an ordinary course where the holes are shorter. - -[Illustration: THE VAN CORTLANDT PARK GOLF COURSE.--THE THIRD HOLE.] - -The Van Cortlandt Park course has only recently been opened to the -public, but doubtless it will soon become one of the most popular in the -neighborhood of the city. The first hole is an open one, and may very -well be made in three strokes. There are two obstacles before the second -hole, a stone wall and a brook, but a long drive ought to clear both of -these. A skilful player can make this hole in three, but the ordinary -player will doubtless require four strokes, by reason of falling short -of the stone wall. - -There is a bunker that even the unskilful player should be able to drive -over toward the third hole. On the way to the fourth there is another -stone wall, just beyond which is a hazard in the form of a dry -river-bed. The third stone wall lies on the road to the fifth hole, and -ought to be cleared with the second shot. It is unadvisable to attempt -to drive over it, unless one is particularly skilful. - -[Illustration: THE VAN CORTLANDT PARK GOLF COURSE.--A TYPICAL -HAZARD.] - -The sixth hole is a very short one. It starts with an easy hazard, a -little ditch not more than ten yards from the tee, which anybody but the -most inexperienced should be able to drive over safely. The return trip -consists of only three holes, but they are all harder than any of the -preceding. There is long grass, and the railroad track along the right -of the first two, and then the shore of a pond as a boundary for the -ninth. Therefore any swaying to the right will prove expensive; to the -left the ground is level and safe. - -The seventh hole might be called an open one, except for the low stone -wall that runs through it, and a dirt bunker at a good distance this -side of the putting-green. Both these obstacles, however, are placed so -as only to penalize the very poor player. Toward the eighth hole one -meets two more bunkers, that ought also to be easily handled by a fairly -experienced player. Thereafter comes what is said to be the longest hole -in the United States, the distance being 700 yards. The turf is fairly -clear, and crossed by two stone walls, and broken by a dirt bunker. It -is possible to clear the first stone wall on the drive, and a brassey -shot will bring the ball nearer the second. It is proposed to shorten -this last hole at an early date, and to lengthen the eighth to about 580 -yards, making the two thus more nearly equal. As it is, the ninth hole -is an unsatisfactory one to play. - -[Illustration: THE VAN CORTLANDT PARK GOLF LINKS.] - -The trouble about crossing the next hazard is the danger of swinging to -the right and going into the tall grass, or even into the pond. Then -comes the bunker, and after that the course is clear. I am told that the -best record for this hole is 7, which is remarkably good. It is also -said that the best amateur record over this course is 42, but there is -nothing to show that this is a fact. Studwell's best figure was made in -the second round,--60; but Granbery made it in 57, making the record for -that tournament. - -The rules adopted by the Milwaukee schools to govern interscholastic -sport are in some respects severe, but it is very probable that the -condition of affairs necessitated this stringency. Many of the students -are complaining that the 70-per-cent. standard in scholarship required -of all those who wish to take part in athletics is too high, and it is -very probable that next year this figure will be somewhat reduced. It -will not do any harm, however, for a short time, to bring things around -with a sharp turn, and to make high scholarship a condition of -participation in sport. - -In looking over these new rules there are some which strike one as -somewhat peculiar. For instance, it is specified that nobody shall play -under an assumed name. That it has been necessary to insert such a -regulation proves conclusively that amateur sport must have fallen to a -pretty low ebb if boys would enter contests under names not their own. -But we know that this is done, and that it was shamefully done, by a -number of football-players in Chicago this last fall. - -One of the new Milwaukee rules provides that "the principal of the -school, or persons authorized by him, shall be the manager or managers -of the teams representing the school." This is not a desirable change. -It is always best for schoolboys to manage their own sports, and if it -is found that they cannot or will not manage them properly and honestly -and in a sportsmanlike manner, then it is time for older heads to take a -hand in the proceedings. But even then it is not advisable to have head -masters as managers. - -It is far better to let graduates of the school act as an advisory -board, and to empower graduates with sufficient power to control the -actions of the undergraduate managers. It is hardly possible to find any -school principal who can understand and be in thorough sympathy with the -boys in their athletics. A schoolmaster is bound to look at things from -a different point of view from his pupils, and he would naturally try to -reach an end, doubtless for good, in an entirely different way from that -which will appeal to the students. - -On the other hand, graduates of the school, who are no longer affected -by the influences of active personal competition in sport, can better -understand the methods and feelings of the students and the requirements -of school athletics. They are closer to the boys than the professor can -possibly be, and they naturally inspire more confidence in the younger -men, because the latter feel that these graduates have a livelier -personal interest in sport itself than an older man can have, who has -probably never participated in any of these games. Furthermore, a number -of these graduates, who might be called upon as advisers, are probably -in college or have been through college, and have there acquired much -valuable experience in the conduct and management of athletics of all -kinds. - -One of the chief elements to do away with in the management of sports, -especially where reforms are being undertaken, is friction; and there is -bound to be more or less friction between head master and pupils, -because their chief relations are so entirely different from the new -ones that are being inaugurated through athletics. - -Among other suggestions proposed at the time these rules were adopted at -the Milwaukee schools was one that certain changes be made in the -football-playing rules. Fortunately, however, there was enough good -sense in the committee to overcome this proposition, and it was decided -that the intercollegiate football rules were plenty good enough for -Milwaukee. - -A new departure in interscholastic sport is to be made by the East Side -High-School of Milwaukee this spring. It intends to put a crew on the -water. A number of men are already in training, and a racing-shell has -been secured. If an eight is eventually turned out, it will be the first -crew that ever represented a high-school in the West, and, so far as I -know, the first that ever represented any high-school in this country. - -No particular progress has been made so far in the arrangements for the -Knickerbocker in-door games. It is probable that there will be a -relay-race for "juniors," which is an absurd and unnecessary event, as -most of these "junior" events are. If a boy is too young to compete in -the regular events at an athletic meeting, he is too young to go into -active competition at all, and it will do him more harm than good to -train at that age. I hope to see the day when these "junior" events will -be entirely done away with, and when boys under sixteen years of age -will be discouraged from competition with older lads. These youngsters -have plenty of time ahead of them, and their constitutions will be much -the better for it if they postpone athletic work until their muscles are -better able to stand the exertion. - -A very good change that is to be inaugurated at these games is the -adoption of the regulation high hurdles--3 ft. 6 in.--instead of the -dwarfed obstacles that the New York I.S.A.A. has hitherto favored. - -It is reported that the Harvard School will apply for readmission to the -New York Interscholastic League this spring. It is to be hoped that -there will be no opposition to this request, for it would be unjust to -keep a body of young men from participation in interscholastic sport -because of the mistakes of some misguided youths who attended the school -before they did, and for whose actions they should never, of course, be -held responsible. - -Just as we are about to go to press I am informed that the Connecticut -Interscholastic Association has decided not to divide up the $400 -surplus remaining in the treasury after the football season. The -officers of that Association are to be congratulated upon this action. -They will no doubt eventually realize that they have done much for the -good of amateur sport in Connecticut by keeping the money question as -far away as possible from athletic competition. - -The Interscholastic skating-races held at the St. Nicholas Rink last -week were contested at too late a day to allow of proper comment in this -issue of the ROUND TABLE. Mention of them, therefore, will be reserved -until next week. - -Ice polo has begun to be played among the Boston schools, the first game -of the season having been held in the last week of December. There were -several matches on the 21st of that month, Stoneham High defeating -Wakefield High, 1-0, English High First defeating English High Second, -2-1, and Somerville High defeating Medford High, 5-0. - -A few days later Arlington High met Cambridge High and Latin, and took -them into camp, 2-1. Arlington's team-work was far superior to that of -the Cambridge men, and although the latter tried all sorts of changes in -their team, they were unable to withstand the fierce rushes of their -opponents. The same afternoon, on Spy Pond, Arlington met Winchester -High, and scored another victory, 3-0. - -This Arlington H.-S. team is undoubtedly a very strong one, and is -putting up good polo this winter. On January 3 they met Cambridge Latin, -and defeated them, 6-0. Arlington's especially strong point is in -passing. - -A very unsportsmanlike dispute has arisen between two schools of the -Worcester County South Football Association. Both the North Brookfield -H.-S. and the Southbridge H.-S. claim the championship of the League in -football, and so eager is each to write the word "championship" upon its -school banner that each seems to have lost its head in the discussion. -As to which school is entitled to this rather empty honor I am not -prepared to determine, although both parties have laid rather lengthy -arguments before me, but it would seem that North Brookfield has the -better claim. - -A game was played early in the season between these two schools, in -which a member of Southbridge H.-S. acted as referee. His decisions -proved unsatisfactory to the North Brookfield players, and a squabble -ensued. As I understand it, the game was left undecided, with the score -favoring Southbridge. Later it was arranged that a second game should be -played by these two schools. It was played, and North Brookfield won, -4-0. - -If this contest was held to settle the question that arose over the -first game, then the first can have no bearing on the championship, and -the final game alone counts as a championship game. But the defeated -players cannot see it this way, and the result is that both schools are -claiming everything in sight, and their mathematicians are juggling -figures to prove the case. This is one of the evils of the -"championship" system. - -"TRACK ATHLETICS IN DETAIL."--ILLUSTRATED.--8VO, CLOTH, ORNAMENTAL, -$1.25. - - THE GRADUATE. - - - - -ADVERTISEMENTS. - - - - -[Illustration: ROYAL] - -[Illustration: ROYAL BAKING POWDER.] - -Caring for your health, and studying simple, every-day economy, you will -see to it that no baking powder but the ROYAL enters your kitchen. - -The low-grade, cheap powders contain alum and lime, and injuriously -affect the stomach and kidneys. - -ROYAL BAKING POWDER CO., NEW YORK. - - - - -QUESTIONS FOR YOUNG MEN. - - -ON THE USE OF BOOKS. - -M. Taine, the famous french essayist, once said that a book was only the -overflow of a man's mind; that his mind must be full of thoughts first -before anything could come out on paper, and that after the mind had -been filled to the brim a book overflowed. So that in reading any work -of great merit we must always read between the lines, and see how much -more the author meant to say than he did say, and how much care and -thought and study he must have put into it before it appeared in its -present form. Any one who understands books, therefore, has for them a -wholesome respect that approaches reverence, and you can estimate the -amount of brains a man has by the way he treats his books. If he tosses -them about, if he leaves them lying open, if he turns down the leaves, -you may be sure he uses them but little, and knows less about them and -what they contain. There is many a strong athlete and good fighter who -is as tender as a woman with his books. He loves to have them around, to -sit in the same room with loaded bookshelves, and to turn to them -occasionally. There you will find--in the room of the boy or man who -knows books--copies of this or that book, from the _Three Musketeers_ to -the Bible, pretty well worn, and showing that they are not merely once -read, but that they are companions to whom he turns when he feels blue, -when there is nothing else to do for the moment, when something is -bothering him about which he does not wish to think. - -Another good remark somebody made once is that if you own books you do -not have to read them. That is, if you hear of a certain book, you say, -"I must get that out of the library and read it." If you do so, it is -necessary to read it at once and return it. If you can buy it, you read -what portion satisfies your particular want at the moment, and then -there it stands among your other good friends, always ready, like any -real friend, to serve you at a moment's notice in any way it can. -Indeed, it is a real friend, because it never deserts you, never goes -back on you, never changes, unless somebody borrows it, and that is not -the book's fault. The mere fact that your room is filled with books is a -good kind of influence, for there is something in the mere proximity of -books that makes a chap serious occasionally, and induces him to sit and -ponder once in a while in the midst of his grind, his sport, his daily -work, and his other and less valuable friends at school or college. - -Then, too, in these days, when there are so many hundreds of books a -year and so many millions already published, it is utterly impossible to -try to read, as the old fellows in the later Middle Ages used to, -everything that is published. It is far better to re-read some good -familiar things again and again. They are good books, they are your -especial favorites, and you will seldom fail to find something new in -them each time you read them. It gives you a little idea of how much the -writing of them must have meant to their author if you can read them, -say, twenty times, and still go on finding something you had not -succeeded in discovering in them before. - -Some day you will go to call upon a friend who is perhaps a good deal -older than you are, and finding him in his library, you will walk in and -come upon him standing at his bookshelves, with a volume in his hand. As -he stops reading or examining a book, he will sit down, talking with you -and handling the book carefully, smoothing down its outside cover, or -gently feeling the leaves between his thumb and forefinger. Then, as he -gets up to take down a book to show you, he will gently blow off the -dust from the top, in order that as he opens it no dirt shall go down -between the leaves, there to remain and work ruin like sand-paper. Such -a man understands books and has an affection for them. He may be a busy -merchant; he may be a lawyer; he may be a bookworm; but in all three -cases he is sure to be a refined, educated, more or less scholarly man, -because no one can live in the company of good books long and be -otherwise. It is a good plan for a schoolboy to begin to make his -library at once. Money spent in good books is never wasted, and no -sensible parent will check a reasonable desire for them. At college the -library will increase, and before you know it you will be starting in on -your work of life with one little room in your bachelor apartments or -your family home that is just as good as a teacher--better in many ways. - - * * * * * - -A PERSON TO BE AVOIDED. - -There is one thing that every bicycler needs to look out for more than -for anything else, and that is the bicycle-thief. There is no denying -that he springs up everywhere, and his ingenuity is something to marvel -at. The latest device of these people is somewhat amusingly shown in a -story which comes to us from over the sea. It seems that a well-known -guards Colonel was exhibiting to an admiring group of ladies in -Battersea Park, the other morning, the excellences of a magnificent -bicycle, rumored to have cost an immense sum, when he was courteously -accosted by name by a well-dressed stranger, who ventured to admire the -wonderful machine. The stranger inquired as to the cost, and address of -the makers, and asked if he might mention the Colonel's name when -ordering a similar machine, a request to which the Colonel, who thought -that the stranger might be an acquaintance whose face he had forgotten, -immediately acceded. Then the stranger wanted to try the bicycle, and -the Colonel, proud that his machine should have created such an -impression, agreed to that proposition also. "I am only a novice, you -know," the stranger remarked, as he treadled feebly along in a -serpentine course; and then he mysteriously quickened his pace and began -to ride straight. He was out of sight in a minute, and the Colonel is -still waiting for him to return. - - * * * * * - -THE REPLY TO THE "DRUMMER." - -Travellers in the buffet-car of the Chicago Limited have provided many -good stories for the delectation of readers. The following is a good -instance. - -As the train pulled out of Chicago, a quiet, gentlemanly-looking man -entered the buffet-car, and ensconcing himself in a comfortable chair, -drew out a long cigar, and entered deeply into his paper. He remained so -quiet and retained his seat so long that another passenger, whose -hearing distinctly stamped him as a commercial travelling man, one of -the kind full of chatter and curiosity, could no longer restrain -himself. Addressing the quiet gentleman, he inquired, "Travelling East?" - -Slowly removing his cigar the gentleman turned and looked at his -questioner with slightly elevated eyebrows, replying, "Yes." - -"New York?" - -"Yes." - -"Pleasure?" - -"Yes and no." - -"Great place, New York. Ever been there before?" - -"No." - -"I'm going home this trip--New York, you know." - -The gentleman made no reply but resumed his paper. After a little -silence the commercial man began again. - -"I'm with C. & Co., on Broadway. If you drop in I'll show you over the -city." - -"Thank you, it will not be necessary." - -"Excuse me, but might I ask what you're going to New York for?" - -By this time most of the other passengers were interested. The -gentleman, who was extremely annoyed at the drummer's curiosity, laid -down his paper, and exclaimed: - -"I'm going to New York, first, because the train is taking me there; -second, because I've got lots of money and can afford it; and last, -because if I like the place I intend to buy it." - -The commercial man subsided amidst a roar of laughter. - - - - -[Illustration: THE CAMERA CLUB] - - Any questions in regard to photograph matters will be willingly - answered by the Editor of this column, and we should be glad to - hear from any of our club who can make helpful suggestions. - - -A HOME-MADE VIGNETTING-GLASS. - -A short time ago directions were given for vignetting pictures, using -empty plate-boxes with an opening covered with tissue-paper. This is a -good way to vignette pictures, but a new box must be prepared for each -kind of vignette desired. By using a sheet of ground glass in a frame -and painting on it with a non-actinic paint, water-color paint, a -vignetting glass is made which is always ready for use by simply washing -off the paint and covering again, leaving the shape of the vignette -clear. - -The frame for the glass may be of wood, or one can take an empty -plate-box a little larger than the printing-frame, cut out the bottom, -and put the glass in its place, gluing strips of cloth along the edge to -hold it in place. The ground side of the glass should be uppermost. - -Mark on the glass with pencil the shape of the vignette, have some -Gihon's opaque--which is a non-actinic water-color--and paint the glass -with it, except in the place marked for the vignette. The paint should -be mixed quite thick and be applied evenly, so that the light cannot -shine through the glass except where the vignette is to be made. Along -the edges of the opening work the paint with a piece of moist surgeon's -cotton, which will give a soft effect in the printed picture. A new -vignette is made by washing the glass and applying the paint in a -different shape. This device for making vignetted pictures will be found -very handy, and one which can be easily prepared. - - SIR KNIGHT W. RYERSON asks to have the rules of the competition - published; what the cause of the yellowish color is in the finished - negative; the expense of putting up a reasonable amount of toning - solution; and the necessary qualifications to belong to the Camera - Club. The competition rules were published in the ROUND TABLE for - October 6. The yellowish color in the negative is caused by the - unused silver salts not being thoroughly dissolved out of the film. - If a toning solution is prepared with chloride of gold and sodium - with bicarbonate of soda, it will cost 35c. for the chloride of - gold and sodium, and 5c. for the bicarbonate of soda. Put the 15 - grs. of gold and soda into 7-1/2 oz. of water. This is the stock - solution. Put the bicarbonate of soda in water, using just enough - water to dissolve it. To make the bath for use, take 3-1/2 oz. of - water, and 1/2 oz. of the gold solution. Dip a piece of blue litmus - into the solution, and if it does not turn the paper red, add a - little more of the gold solution. Add to this a few drops of the - bicarbonate of soda, till it turns the litmus-paper back to blue. - Mix the bath half an hour before it is needed. To be a member of - the Camera Club one must be an amateur photographer. To join the - club, send name and address and state your wish to the editor of - the Camera Club. - - SIR KNIGHT WILBUR T. HELM, JUN., and SIR KNIGHT HALL M. CROSSMAN - ask whether a pocket-kodak picture can be entered in the prize - competition, and which is the best film or plate. The pocket-kodak - pictures are under the size allowed, 4 by 5 being the smallest size - entered. The Stanley, Carbutt, Cramer, Seed, as well as other - standard makes, are all good plates. Eastman and Carbutt films are - both fine. - - - - -[Illustration: IVORY SOAP] - - - - -GEORGE WASHINGTON - -By WOODROW WILSON, Ph.D., LL.D. Copiously Illustrated by HOWARD PYLE, -HARRY FENN, and Others. Crown 8vo, Cloth, Deckel Edges and Gilt Top, -$3.00. - - What particularly strikes the reader in enjoying Professor Woodrow - Wilson's "George Washington" is the way the writer makes that - historic figure warm and vital for us.... This stimulating and - delightful historical study.... This work of Professor Wilson's - must be widely recognized as of great value, because of this - grasping of the salient features of Washington's life and - character, the features we all want to see.--_Hartford Courant._ - - We must now be content with a word of praise for its finished - literary workmanship, its accurate scholarship, and its high - patriotic ideal. We doubt if the career of Washington has ever - received worthier treatment at the hands of biographer, historian, - or political philosopher.--_Dial_, Chicago. - - A familiar and delightful study of Washington.... We do not recall - a popular work on Washington of more graphic interest than - Professor Wilson's performance.--_Philadelphia Bulletin._ - -A VIRGINIA CAVALIER - -A Story of the Youth of George Washington. By MOLLY ELLIOT SEAWELL. -Illustrated. Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50. - - An absorbing tale.... The account of Braddock's rout is an - admirable bit of descriptive writing. The style is warm and - polished, the characters are faithfully drawn, and there are - passages of intense interest in the book.--_Philadelphia Bulletin._ - - The youth of George Washington is treated in almost biographic - form, and certainly with lifelike effect.... The book is well - adapted to the needs of young people, giving them an admirable - picture of Washington's early home life.--_Pittsburg - Chronicle-Telegraph._ - -"HARPER'S ROUND TABLE" FOR 1896 - -Volume XVII. With 1276 Pages and about 1200 Illustrations. 4to Cloth, -Ornamental, $3.50. - - An ably edited, well-balanced magazine, which presents valuable - history, art, and science, so interwoven with the best fiction and - sport as to make its pages as valuable as they are attractive and - entertaining. The "Round Table" has the correct idea of healthful - juvenile literature.--_Chicago Inter-Ocean._ - - The illustrations are plentiful and in the highest style of the - art, and the contributions--stories, poems, sketches, and - essays--are, as everybody knows, the best work that can be secured - by the leading authors and artists who write for - children.--_Hartford Courant._ - - A volume which comprises within its covers a whole young people's - library of history, science, literature, fiction, fun, etc., and a - whole gallery of pictures besides.--_Advance_, Chicago. - - * * * * * - -Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York - - - - -[Illustration] - -A WONDERFUL SAIL. - -Forty Dollars in Prizes to Readers Eighteen who can find out most about -this Trip. - - -'Tis said that few winds are so ill that they blow nobody any good, but -the wind that blew a recent hunting-party into the middle of the upper -Niagara River, and then over the falls, was an exception. It did nobody -any good. True, the victims of the tragedy were that Shakespearian -character (1) who lived in a group of Mediterranean isles; a Roman -satirist (2) who is always mentioned whenever a teacher is; and the -Greek philosopher (3) celebrated for wise sayings and just judgments, -who lived in a city renowned for its heroic resistance to barbarians. - -"One of these never really lived and the other two died long years -agone, say you?" "Well, suppose they did. Pray don't spoil a story by -speaking at the wrong time." - -These three persons went gayly out, undismayed by the warning on the -boat-house sign: - -BOATS TO LET. - -Adssdq Mfbwf Yzw Xlnkzmb Yvsrmw (4) - -I nearly forgot to say that there were to have been five in the party, -but the Schoolmaster of our Republic (8) and the Mad Yankee (6) read the -sign and refused to go. But such a lot of things as were found by the -three who went! - -First they explored a mysterious excavation (7) contained in a -street-sweeper, and a place of trade (8) kept in an insect. They met a -wise man (9) in conception, and bought a warm covering (10) contained in -a wrinkle; some small cord (11) done up in strengthening medicine; a -bedded carriage (12) in sparkling; a covering for the head (13) in an -impropriety; a quantity of paper (14) in demand; some food;(15) in a -scoffer; a chart (16) in a telegraph; a clamp(17) in useful; a white -linen garment (18) in military weapon; a large farm (19) in the gills of -fishes, and some certificates of stock (20) in a title. - -These filled the boat, though some were eaten, some lounged upon, and -others studied. Queer place to shop? Well, never mind if it was so. Let -my story go on. - -As the three men were trying on what they found in the impropriety which -they had purchased, one of them discovered a few things that had -probably been left in the boat by a former sailing-party. The first (21) -had once been in the fields and brooks, aye, a part of it even in the -sky. Then it had been warmed, put through a process that city folk are -laughed at by country folk because they cannot manipulate, and finally -subjected to great pressure. The second (22) was once a part of a great -mountain. Then it helped raise potatoes. Next it was buried in a grave. -Again it was heated and then cooled, and became the source of so much -comfort that the wonder was its owner left it behind. The third thing -(23) is supposed to bring good luck. It is something that, in its -natural position, moved rapidly--often with two motions at the same -time. There was that about it which masons use. It was a sad loss to its -owner, no doubt. The fourth and last thing was a liquor (24) contained -in a secretion of the ear. It was not the first time that a -drinking-vessel (25) which we find in refreshment brought death in its -train. From that moment the men were doomed. They grew reckless, and -here are some of the things they thought they saw: - -An agricultural implement (26) in a railway employé; a small bed (27) in -a writer; a temporary shelter (28) in a native of South Africa; an open -land (29) in the bottom of a ship; a small house (30) in a window -covering; a stream of water (31) in a dance; a church seat (32) in a -cordage manufactory; a man (33) in a lizard; and a small horse (34) in a -place of worship. - -Finding all these in a place so strange, and making so poor use of them, -it is no wonder that that which the sign-board warned them against -carried them over the falls, and brought an end to the story. The local -paper next morning said the bodies of the three were recovered and taken -to "The Bad Lands of the Say It" (35) for burial. - - * * * * * - -In the foregoing story there are not a few questions in philology. There -are also some popular nicknames, an anagram, and some riddles. In -sending answers, do not write out the story. Number names as numbered -here, write one below another in the proper order, and put your name and -address at the top of your first sheet of answers. Mail answers not -later than February 6, 1897, to HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, New York--no -street number required--and put in the lower left-hand corner of your -envelope "Puzzle Answer." Correct answers, with names of winners, will -be published in HARPER'S ROUND TABLE as early after the close of the -contest as possible, probably within two weeks. - -The prizes, which will be awarded by the Messrs. Harper & Brothers, -Publishers, New York, are: $40, divided among the ten best solvers -according to merit. If one solver stands conspicuously ahead of the rest -he or she will be given from $10 to $25, as the comparative excellence -of the answer warrants. Persons of any age may help find the answers, -but only those who have not passed their 18th birthday, and who are -members of households in which this paper is regularly read, may send -them in. Merit signifies correctness and neatness, and has no reference -to the solution reaching the office of HARPER'S ROUND TABLE first in -point of time. Elaborate decoration of answers is not encouraged. Use -common stationery, note size, and do not roll. Write on one side of the -paper only. Everything comes to those who--try! - - * * * * * - -Questions and Answers. - -H. M. Kimball says he made a battery after the suggestions given in the -TABLE, and that it worked well when he put one cell in the circuit. But -when he connected two, the battery seemed to give out. He asks for an -explanation. The matter is, probably, that he connected the negative to -the negative and the positive to the positive poles, in which case one -cell nullified the strength of the other. The positive should be -connected to the negative pole, and the negative to the positive. That -is to say, the zinc to the copper, not the zinc to the zinc. Yes, the -Calland cell is dirty and easily upset. In these days of improvements in -batteries it is cheaper and cleaner to buy one's cells outright. The -only thing lost then is the experience gained in putting them -together--and the fun of doing the thing one's self.--Edgar W. Hall asks -for a charter for a Chapter, and fails to give the name of the latter. -What does he call his society? Tell us what name to fill in, and we will -send charter promptly. - -James D. Waite says his school battalion went to Washington last year, -and is going again this year, and he offers to write a morsel describing -the trip. By all means let us have the morsel. You are a member of the -Order if you have a Patent in the Camera Club. One Patent admits to all -divisions of the Order. Henry T. Smith asks what the new process is by -which so much more gold than formerly is now gotten out of quartz and -gold ore. Here it is. It is somewhat technical. It was invented in -Australia. The machine consists of vertical distributors and mercury -baths, placed as follows:--The crashed materials or slum enter a -cast-iron trough or distributor, which is from 3 feet to 6 feet long and -5 inches wide; its sectional shape is half round. At the bottom of this -distributor, and in a straight line from end to end, is a row of -1-4-inch holes, 5-6 inch from centre to centre. Below this is placed a -mercury bath 2-1/8 inches wide by 5/16 inch deep, running the whole -length of the distributor, and placed at a distance sufficient to cause -the materials passing through the holes to form an indentation in the -silver about the size of half a pea. These jets strike the mercury in -the centre of the ripple at right angles. By these means the whole of -the stuff is brought into forcible contact with the silver without -separating it, and flows over its surface into another distributor -below; and from there it again passes through another row of holes, and -brought into contact with a second bath of silver. This operation is -repeated until every particle of tailings has passed over eight mercury -baths. - - - - -[Illustration: STAMPS] - - This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin - collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question - on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should address - Editor Stamp Department. - - -The old-style St. Helena stamps have been displaced by the current issue -of the De la Rue type. The immediate advance in prices of the obsolete -set prompts the _Weekly Era_ to warn the dealers and speculators that -the extreme rise in ordinary stamps, simply because they have become -obsolete, will tend to kill the goose that lays the golden eggs. In many -cases such advances are not only unjustifiable, but foolish also, in -view of the fact that large stocks are in existence. Every one except -speculators will heartily agree with the _Era_ in trying to abolish an -evil which threatens the popularity of stamp-collecting. - -Philately is only one of the many forms of "collecting" which are a part -of our human nature, but it seems exceptionally conducive to -sociability, good-fellowship, and general jollity. The Collectors' Club -House in New York was taken in hand by a Christmas entertainment -committee, who decorated the house with greens, put up a big Christmas -tree, and made the whole house seem homelike. The entertainment was -given on the night of the 28th of December, and those members who were -unavoidably absent missed a great treat. The Christmas tree was -stripped, and almost every one received a present of something he did -not want--upon the condition, however, that the parcel should be opened -by the recipient in full view of all the audience. The burlesque -presents showed both good-humor and wit. - -NEW ISSUES.--British Central America.-- - - 1d. black. - 2d. black and green. - 4d. black and orange. - 6d. black and blue. - -The above watermarked Crown C A. - - 2s. 6d. black and violet. - 3s. black and yellow. - 5s. black and violet. - £1 black and orange. - £10 black and vermilion. - 1s. on £1 blue and red. - 2s. on 6d. lilac and red. - With black surcharge. - -The above watermarked Crown C C. - -Congo.-- - - 15c. black and ochre, banana-tree. - 40c. black and green, canoe. - -Nankin.-- - - 1/2c. gray, two figures. - 1c. rose, pagoda. - 2c. green, two elephants. - 3c. yellow, landscape. - 4c. claret, pagoda. - 5c. violet, bell. - -Salvador.-- - -The 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 12, 15, 20, 24, 30, 50 centavos and 1 peso of the -current series have been issued with "Official" surcharge. - -South African Republic.-- - - 4d. olive and green. - 6d. mauve and green. - -Sweden.-- - - 25 ore, orange. - 15 ore, light brown. - - J. FETTERIDGE.--The "Officially Sealed" stamps are losing favor - rapidly, and probably will be omitted in future catalogues. They - are interesting as labels connected with the postal service, but - they cannot be called postage-stamps. - - F. G. ELLIOTT.--During the first half of this century the mint - frequently made use of old dies when making a later issue. For - instance, the 1838 1c. die was used for the 1839 issue. The figure - 8 was changed to a figure 9 in a bungling manner, with the result - that the date looks as if it had been struck 1838, and then - restruck 1839. - - C. RAWSON.--The 3c. U. S. Revenue "Telegraph" stamp, unperforated, - is worth 75c.; perforated, 15c. The 3c. "Playing Cards," - unperforated, $15; perforated, $4. The 3c. "Proprietary" and - "Foreign Exchange" are not known unperforated; perforated they are - worth from 5c. to 10c. each. The other stamps mentioned are worth - 1c. each. - - OLE C. OLSEN, 2912 Quinn Street, Chicago, would like to exchange - stamps, both common and rare, and U. S. adhesive and revenues. - - K. H. TRUAX.--The 1882 Nicaragua is worth 2c.; the 1/8 Philippine - Islands, 1886, is worth 5c. The dealers named are responsible men. - - H. M. ORMISTON.--The 20 para, Turkey, 1865, is yellow, and worth - 6c. The 1869 issue is green; worth 3c. The 40 para, pink and black, - is a local stamp worth 30c. - - J. GORDON.--The English compound envelopes are good for postage, - but the fact that they were made for anybody who was willing to pay - the cost, on any kind of paper, of almost any size, and almost any - combination of stamps, leads collectors to disregard them, as a - rule. - - A. BULL.--Do not hoard any Columbian stamps. They keep turning up - in quantities, and are offered at a discount of five or ten per - cent. on values 1c. to 50c.; twenty-five per cent. on values $2, - $3, $4, and $5. I know of one lot offered which contained 12,000 - 6c. Columbians in complete sheets. - - C. B. VINER.--I recommend applying to some dealer. There are three - 1798 dollars, worth $2, $3, and $6 respectively. See answer to - George Jay. - - GEORGE JAY.--There are three 1799 dollars--the five star, worth $4; - the six star, worth $2; the 1799 over 1798, worth $3. The old - German and Spanish coins are worth bullion only. - - PHILATUS. - - - - -ADVERTISEMENTS. - - - - -Arnold - -Constable & Co - -EMBROIDERIES. - -_Swiss, Nainsook, and Cambric_ - -Embroidered Allovers, - -Bands and Edgings. - -_Openwork and Embroidered Cottons for_ - -_Ladies' and Children's Underwear. Novelties_ - -_specially prepared for Children's Dresses._ - -Embroidered Handkerchiefs - -Broadway & 19th st. - -NEW YORK. - - - - -HOME STUDY. - -A practical and complete =Business College Course= given by =MAIL= at -student's =HOME=. Low rates and perfect satisfaction. Trial lesson 10 -cents. Catalogue free. - -BRYANT & STRATTON, 85 College Bldg., Buffalo, N.Y. - - - - -[Illustration: PISO'S CURE FOR CONSUMPTION] - -CURES WHERE ALL ELSE FAILS. - -Best Cough Syrup. Tastes Good. Use - -in time. Sold by druggists. - - - - -"A perfect type of the highest order - -of excellence in manufacture." - -[Illustration: Walter Baker & Co.'s Breakfast Cocoa] - -COSTS LESS THAN ONE CENT A CUP - -Be sure that you get the - -genuine article, made at - -DORCHESTER, MASS., - -By WALTER BAKER & CO, Ltd. - -Established 1780. - - - - -EARN A GOLD WATCH! - -[Illustration] - -We wish to introduce our =Teas and Baking Powder=. Sell 50 lbs. to earn -a =Waltham Gold Watch and Chain=; 25 lbs. for a =Silver Watch and -Chain=; 10 lbs. for a =Gold Ring=; 50 lbs. for a =Decorated Dinner Set=; -75 lbs. for a =Bicycle=. Write for a Catalog and Order Blank to Dept. I - -W. G. BAKER, - -Springfield, Mass. - - - - -LAUGHING CAMERA. 10c. - -[Illustration: MY! OH MY!!] - -The latest Invention in Cameras. You look through the lens and your -stout friends will look like living skeletons, your thin friends like -Dime Museum fat men, horses like giraffes and in fact everything appears -as though you were living in another world. Each camera contains two -strong lenses in neatly finished leatherette case. The latest -mirth-maker on the market; creates bushels of sport. Catalogue of 1,000 -novelties and sample camera 10c., 3 for 25c., 12 for 90c. mailed -postpaid. Agents wanted. - -ROBT. H. INGERSOLL & BRO., - -Dept. No. 62, 65 Cortlandt St., N.Y. - - - - -HOOPING-COUGH - -CROUP. - -Roche's Herbal Embrocation. - -The celebrated and effectual English Cure without internal medicine. -Proprietors, W. EDWARD & SON, Queen Victoria St., London, England. All -Druggists. - -E. Fougera & Co., 30 North William St., N. Y. - - - - -Postage Stamps, &c. - - - - -[Illustration: STAMPS] - -=ALBUM AND LIST FREE!= Also 100 all diff. Venezuela, Bolivia, etc., only -10c. Agts. wanted at 50% Com. =C. A. Stegmann=, 5941 Cote Brilliant Ave., -St. Louis, Mo. - - - - -500 Mixed, Australian, etc., 10c.; =105 var.= Zululand, etc., and album, -10c.; 12 Africa, 10c.; 15 Asia, 10c. Bargain list free. F. P. VINCENT, -Chatham, N.Y. - - - - -=STAMPS ON APPROVAL.= Send for sheets. Big com. =T. J. Manning & Co.=, -Norwich, N.Y. - - - - -=25 VAR.= unused stamps, no Seebecks, cat. value over $1.50, for 50c. -Approval books @ 50%. =D. W. OSGOOD, Pueblo, Colo.= - - - - -=1000= Best Stamp Hinges only =5=. Agts. wt'd at 50%. List free! - -=L. B. DOVER & CO.=, 5958 Theodosia, St. Louis, Mo. - - - - -BOYS and GIRLS - -can earn money by working half an hour daily distributing free samples -of Headache Powders. For full particulars address, =CAPITAL DRUG CO., Box -880, Augusta, Me.= - - - - -[Illustration: THE LATEST THING IN NECK-TIES.] - - * * * * * - -There are not many people who would recognize in the name Samuel Wheeler -a person who did valuable service for our country in the war of the -Revolution. It was he who made the famous chain that was stretched -across the Hudson River to stop the British war-ships from ascending the -stream. At the time General Washington was puzzled about defending the -river. - -"I wish I could get a chain made; but that is impossible," he said; and -General Mifflin, overhearing the remark, exclaimed: - -"Not so. We have a man in the army, a townsman of mine, one Wheeler, who -can make you such a chain." - -General Washington had Wheeler brought to him, and said: - -"I want a chain to put across the North River to stop the British ships. -Can you make it?" - -"I can," replied Wheeler, "but I cannot do it here." - -"Then," said Washington, "I will cheerfully give you dismission from the -army to do so, for badly as we want such men as you, I cannot afford to -keep you." - -Mr. Wheeler made the chain, and its links were hauled across New Jersey, -to be finally strung across the river, where it did good service. By -building a fire under one of the links and then using a sledge-hammer -and a chisel, it was ultimately cut apart. - - * * * * * - -The Colonel was a bluff old fellow, and all the officers liked him -except for one thing, and that was his jealousy of the commanding -officer of a neighboring post. He would grow irritable whenever this -officer's name was mentioned, although he invariably brought the name up -himself. One evening some of the mess determined to have some fun with -the Colonel, and possibly put a stop to his pettishness. - -"Colonel," said one of the officers, "it's queer, but you'd think Major -D ---- [the neighboring commander] had studied spelling. I got a letter -from him to-day, and how do you think he spells 'here'?" - -"He doesn't know much," growled the Colonel. "I suppose he spells it, -h-e-a-r." - -"No." - -"Well, h-e-e-r." - -"No, that's not it." - -"H-i-e-r," ventured the Colonel once more. - -"Guess again." - -"Well, I'd have to be as stupid as he is to guess any other way of -spelling it. Wait a moment. Does he spell it h-u-e-r?" - -"No, Colonel." - -"Well, then, how does the man spell it, anyhow?" - -"Why, h-e-r-e, as it should be." - -The Colonel rose with wrath in his eyes, and snapped out: - -"Gentlemen, I'm too old for such joking," and then left the room and -slammed the door after him. - - * * * * * - -Doubtless few know that the New York _Journal of Commerce_ originated -what is popularly known as a newspaper extra. When this occurred times -were troublesome in Europe, and the great revolution of 1830 was -approaching. Naturally America was anxious for early news, and all the -newspapers of New York equipped small boats that cruised about the -harbor, waylaying the large packet vessels arriving from abroad to get -the tidings. - -The _Journal of Commerce_ conceived the plan of sending out a small -schooner to intercept the packets two or three days ahead of their -arrival. The originators of the plan were laughed at, and told that it -would in the end ruin them. Results proved otherwise, however, and when -the semaphoric telegraph announced their schooner in the offing, and -later, coming up the bay, the crowd would gather around the office of -the paper. They had to wait until the extra evening edition was ready, -and then one of the partners would sometimes read the news aloud to -hundreds of citizens, while thousands of copies were sold. This schooner -was the first American news-boat of any size. - - * * * * * - -There is a small town in one of the Eastern States, not far from Boston, -whose inhabitants take great pride in excelling every other town in -their vicinity. They try every new invention, and if it has any sort of -merit it is sure to be assigned to duty in some part of the place. Two -portly gentlemen, one a sea-captain and the other a lawyer, both retired -from active life, were the prime movers in the experiments and -adoptions, and, naturally, in the course of time they failed to agree. -Extreme jealousy then prevailed, and a bitter animosity sprang up -between them. - -Unfortunately these two gentlemen lived next door to each other--in -fact, so close were their houses that the side walls almost adjoined. -One very windy night the lawyer was reading a book in his study when a -terrific crash upstairs startled him. Upon investigating he found that -an unruly chimney had ruthlessly hurled itself through his roof, doing -considerable damage. That in itself was a matter of great annoyance, but -when he discovered it was the sea-captain's chimney that was -responsible, his wrath knew no bounds. Hastening down to his library, he -pulled out his law-books and hunted up similar cases, devising and -scheming how he could secure satisfaction from the detestable captain. -While thus engaged a note arrived from his enemy that read as follows, - - "SIR,--If you don't return those bricks _at once_, I will put the - matter in the hands of the law." - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, January 19, 1897, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, JANUARY 19, 1897 *** - -***** This file should be named 60470-8.txt or 60470-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/0/4/7/60470/ - -Produced by Annie R. 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You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Harper's Round Table, January 19, 1897 - -Author: Various - -Release Date: October 11, 2019 [EBook #60470] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, JANUARY 19, 1897 *** - - - - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - - - - - -</pre> - - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#A_CHRISTMAS_BUCK">A CHRISTMAS BUCK.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#SINGING_IN_THE_FACE_OF_DEATH">SINGING IN THE FACE OF DEATH.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#GOLF_WITHIN-DOORS">GOLF WITHIN-DOORS.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_MIDDLETON_BOWL">THE MIDDLETON BOWL.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#A_LOYAL_TRAITOR">A LOYAL TRAITOR.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_OLD_DAYS_OF_CLIPPER-SHIPS">THE OLD DAYS OF CLIPPER-SHIPS.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#WITH_THE_THANKS_OF_THE_WAR_DEPARTMENT">WITH THE THANKS OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT">INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#QUESTIONS_FOR_YOUNG_MEN">QUESTIONS FOR YOUNG MEN.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_CAMERA_CLUB">THE CAMERA CLUB.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#A_WONDERFUL_SAIL">A WONDERFUL SAIL.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#STAMPS">STAMPS.</a></td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_281" id="Page_281">[Pg 281]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 800px;"> -<img src="images/ill_001.jpg" width="800" height="330" alt="HARPER'S ROUND TABLE" /> -</div> - -<p class="center">Copyright, 1897, by <span class="smcap">Harper & Brothers</span>. All Rights Reserved.</p> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">published weekly</span>.</td><td align="center">NEW YORK, TUESDAY, JANUARY 19, 1897.</td><td align="right"><span class="smcap">five cents a copy</span>.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">vol. xviii.—no</span>. 899.</td><td align="center"></td><td align="right"><span class="smcap">two dollars a year</span>.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"><a name="A_CHRISTMAS_BUCK" id="A_CHRISTMAS_BUCK"></a> -<img src="images/ill_002.jpg" width="700" height="494" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h2>A CHRISTMAS BUCK.</h2> - -<h3>BY HON. THEODORE ROOSEVELT.</h3> - -<p>Throughout most of the ranch country there are two kinds of deer, the -black-tail and the white-tail. The white-tail is the same as the deer of -the East; it is a beautiful creature, a marvel of lightness and grace in -all its movements, and it loves to dwell in thick timber, so that in the -plains country it is almost confined to the heavily wooded river -bottoms. The black-tail is somewhat larger, with a different and very -peculiar gait, consisting of a succession of stiff-legged bounds, all -four feet striking the earth at the same time. Its habits are likewise -very different, as it is a bolder animal and much fonder of the open -country. Among the Rockies it is found in the deep forests, but it -prefers scantily wooded regions, and on the plains it dwells by choice -in the rough hills, spending the day in the patches of ash or cedar -among the ravines. Fifteen years ago the black-tail was very much more -abundant than the white-tail almost everywhere in the West, but owing to -the nature of its haunts it is more easily killed out, and now, though -both species have decreased in numbers, the white-tail is on the whole -the more common.</p> - -<p>My ranch-house is situated on a heavily wooded bottom, one of the places -of which the white-tail are fond to this<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_282" id="Page_282">[Pg 282]</a></span> day. On one occasion I killed -one from the ranch veranda, and two or three times I have shot them -within half a mile of the house. Nevertheless, they are so cunning and -stealthy in their ways, and the cover is so dense, that usually, -although one may know of their existence right in one's neighborhood, -there is more chance of getting game by going off eight or ten miles -into the broken country of the black-tail.</p> - -<p>One Christmas I was to spend at the ranch, and I made up my mind that I -would try to get a good buck for our Christmas dinner; for I had not had -much time to hunt that fall, and Christmas was almost upon us before we -started to lay in our stock of winter meat. So I arranged with one of -the cowboys to make an all-day's hunt through some rugged hills on the -other side of the river, where we knew there were black-tail.</p> - -<p>We were up soon after three o'clock, when it was yet as dark as at -midnight. We had a long day's work before us, and so we ate a -substantial breakfast, then put on our fur caps, coats, and mittens, and -walked out into the cold night. The air was still, but it was biting -weather, and we pulled our caps down over our ears as we walked toward -the rough low stable where the two hunting ponies had been put -overnight. In a few minutes we were jogging along on our journey.</p> - -<p>There was a powder of snow over the ground, and this and the brilliant -starlight enabled us to see our way without difficulty. The river was -frozen hard, and the hoofs of the horses rang on the ice as they -crossed. For a while we followed the wagon road, and then struck off -into a cattle trail which led up into a long coulee. After a while this -faded out, and we began to work our way along the divide, not without -caution, for in broken countries it is hard to take a horse during -darkness. Indeed, we found we had left a little too early, for there was -hardly a glimmer of dawn when we reached our proposed hunting-grounds. -We left the horses in a sheltered nook where there was abundance of -grass, and strode off on foot, numb after the ride.</p> - -<p>The dawn brightened rapidly, and there was almost light enough to shoot -when we reached a spur overlooking a large basin around whose edges -there were several wooded coulees. Here we sat down to wait and look. We -did not have to wait long, for just as the sun was coming up on our -right hand we caught a glimpse of something moving at the mouth of one -of the little ravines some hundreds of yards distant. Another glance -showed us that it was a deer feeding, while another behind it was -walking leisurely in our direction. There was no time to be lost, and -sliding back over the crest, we trotted off around a spur until we were -in line with the quarry, and then walked rapidly toward them. Our only -fear was lest they should move into some position where they would see -us; and this fear was justified. While still one hundred yards from the -mouth of the coulee in which we had seen the feeding deer, the second -one, which all the time had been walking slowly in our direction, came -out on a ridge crest to one side of our course. It saw us at once and -halted short; it was only a spike buck, but there was no time to lose, -for we needed meat, and in another moment it would have gone off, giving -the alarm to its companion. So I dropped on one knee, and fired just as -it turned. From the jump it gave I was sure it was hit, but it -disappeared over the hill, and at the same time the big buck, its -companion, dashed out of the coulee in front, across the basin. It was -broad-side to me, and not more than one hundred yards distant; but a -running deer is difficult to hit, and though I took two shots, both -missed, and it disappeared behind another spur. This looked pretty bad, -and I felt rather blue as I climbed up to look at the trail of the -spike. I was cheered to find blood, and as there was a good deal of snow -here and there, it was easy to follow it; nor was it long before we saw -the buck moving forward slowly, evidently very sick. We did not disturb -him, but watched him until he turned down into a short ravine a quarter -of a mile off; he did not come out, and we sat down and waited nearly an -hour to give him time to get stiff. When we reached the valley, one went -down each side so as to be sure to get him when he jumped up. Our -caution was needless, however, for we failed to start him; and on -hunting through some of the patches of brush we found him stretched out -already dead.</p> - -<p>This was satisfactory; but still it was not the big buck, and we started -out again after dressing and hanging up the deer. For many hours we saw -nothing, and we had swung around within a couple of miles of the horses -before we sat down behind a screen of stunted cedars for a last look. -After attentively scanning every patch of brush in sight, we were about -to go on when the attention of both of us was caught at the same moment -by seeing a big buck deliberately get up, turn round, and then lie down -again in a grove of small leafless trees lying opposite to us on a -hill-side with a southern exposure. He had evidently very nearly -finished his day's rest, but was not quite ready to go out feeding; and -his restlessness caused him his life. As we now knew just where he was, -the work was easy. We marked a place on the hill-top a little above and -to one side of him; and while the cowboy remained to watch him, I drew -back and walked leisurely round to where I could get a shot. When nearly -up to the crest I crawled into view of the patch of brush, rested my -elbows on the ground, and gently tapped two stones together. The buck -rose nimbly to his feet, and at seventy yards afforded me a standing -shot, which I could not fail to turn to good account.</p> - -<p>A winter day is short, and twilight had come before we had packed both -bucks on the horses; but with our game behind our saddles we did not -feel either fatigue, or hunger, or cold, while the horses trotted -steadily homeward. The moon was a few days old, and it gave us light -until we reached the top of the bluffs by the river and saw across the -frozen stream the gleam from the fire-lit windows of the ranch-house.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="SINGING_IN_THE_FACE_OF_DEATH" id="SINGING_IN_THE_FACE_OF_DEATH">SINGING IN THE FACE OF DEATH.</a></h2> - -<p>When the great hurricane swept over Apia Harbor, in Samoa, seven years -ago, and wrecked the six American and German war-ships that were -gathered there, the world was thrilled with the story of the heroism of -the sailors on the United States man-of-war <i>Trenton</i>. Of all the -incidents of that memorable disaster, the one which will live longest in -the memory of readers is the bravery with which the men of the <i>Trenton</i> -faced death. Their vessel had snapped her anchor chains, and was -steadily drifting toward the rocks, but the men lined the rigging and -gave rousing cheers to the British ship <i>Calliope</i>, which, with all -steam on, was headed for the open sea. The <i>Trenton</i>'s band was also -ordered on deck, and to the strains of "The Star-spangled Banner" the -old ship went to her death. As she passed the <i>Vandalia</i>, over which the -waves were breaking, the <i>Trenton</i>'s men cheered the few survivors in -the rigging, and the feeble shout that came in response was the saddest -feature of the disaster. When the <i>Trenton</i>'s band struck up, amazement -fell upon the Americans and other foreigners on shore who were trying to -save the lives of those whom the current brought to the beach. Then, -when the strains of the national air were recognized, a great shout went -up, and men wept to think of heroism that laughed at death.</p> - -<p>A similar incident of bravery in the face of death comes from the coast -of China, and the crew of the German gun-boat <i>Iltis</i> were the heroes -who showed genuine courage when all hope of safety was gone. The <i>Iltis</i> -left Che-foo on July 23, passed Wei-hai-wei—made memorable by the -defeat and suicide of old Admiral Ting, of the Chinese navy—and rounded -the Shan-tung peninsula. As the vessel passed the northern point of the -promontory the wind freshened to a gale, and with all sails furled the -ship held her way to the south, parallel to the coast. The storm was -soon recognized as a typhoon of great violence; the driving sleet and -the thick darkness confused the look-out, and the strong currents -carried the ship near to the rocky shore. Without warning the vessel -struck, and remained<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_283" id="Page_283">[Pg 283]</a></span> hard and fast on a sunken rock. The engine-room -filled rapidly, and all hands were warned to come on deck. There they -saw that the prospect was hopeless, as every wave helped to stave in the -strong steel plates. Rockets were sent up, but no response came from the -shore; no boat could live in the wild seas which washed over the doomed -vessel. The commander, Lieutenant-Captain Braun, ordered all the men -aft, and gathering them around him, called upon them to give three -cheers for the Emperor. These were given with a will, and a moment after -the masts went overboard, smashing the officers' bridge, and then the -ship parted.</p> - -<p>The Captain and the greater part of the crew were on the after-part of -the ship, which still remained high out of the water. When it was seen -that the wreck would last but a few minutes more, gunner Raehm addressed -the crew and begged them to join in singing the Flaggenlied, or -flag-song. This stirring song was then sung to the accompaniment of the -roaring breakers and the howling storm. Its final verse, in German, is -as follows:</p> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Und treibt des wilden Sturms Gewalt</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Uns an ein Felsenriff,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Gleichviel in welcherlei Gestalt</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Gefahr droht unserm Schiff:</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Wir wanken und wir weichen nicht,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Wir thun nach Seemanns Brauch,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Getreu erfüll'n wir uns're Pflicht</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Auch bis zum leztzen Hauch,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Und rufen freudig sterbend aus,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Getreu bis in den Tod:</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">"Der Kaiser und die Flagge hoch!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Die Flagge schwarz, weiss, roth!"</span><br /> -</p> - -<p>Freely rendered into English this reads:</p> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">And shout the might of wild, wild storms</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">On to a reef us drive,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">And dangers menace—'t matters not</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">From where—our ship and life,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Our posts we never will desert;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">And sailorlike and true</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Until the last breath goes from us</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">We will our duty do.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">And, joyful dying then we shout</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">United true in death—</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">"The Kaiser and our standard <i>hoch</i>!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">The flag black, white, and red!"</span><br /> -</p> - -<p>The survivors, with tears in their eyes, described the singing of this -battle chant, in which the poet described the fate of the <i>Iltis</i> and -the doom of her crew. The last verse had just been roared out with a -will when the stern of the vessel heeled over, and a moment later the -whole after-half of the ship plunged from the rocks, carrying down to -death officers and men, except two sailors, who reached the shore. Those -on the other half of the wreck remained for thirty-six hours without -food, when they were rescued by the Chinese. Only nine men were saved, -making eleven in all who reached the shore out of a total of -seventy-seven men and officers.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="GOLF_WITHIN-DOORS" id="GOLF_WITHIN-DOORS">GOLF WITHIN-DOORS.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY W. G. VAN TASSEL SUTPHEN.</h3> - -<p>The true and zealous golfer is not to be deterred from his favorite -sport by the ordinary accidents of the weather, and indeed it is one of -the great merits of golf that it can be played under almost any -atmospheric conditions. Baseball, cricket, tennis, croquet, and archery -are poor fun on a very windy day, while a wet one makes play impossible. -And then these games have each of them a recognized season, and as -winter comes on bat, bow, and ball must be laid aside for good. Football -and hockey are independent so far as rain and cold are concerned, but -the exercise is too violent a one to be continued into the warm days of -spring and summer.</p> - -<p>Golf, on the other hand, is restricted to no particular season, and it -is one of the rules governing medal competitions that competitors may -not discontinue play on account of bad weather. Of course on abnormally -warm days any sort of physical exertion may become a burden, and in very -cold weather stiffened fingers and frozen "lies" do not conduce to good -scoring. But there is only one thing that really puts an end to the -game, and that is a heavy fall of snow. With a light sprinkling of an -inch or two, very good golf may be played by using red balls and having -the putting-greens carefully swept, for the snow serves the purpose of a -universal tee, and a special ruling may be enacted allowing the player -(in the event of the ball being buried) the privilege of lifting or of -lightly brushing the snow aside. Among the pines of Lakewood, New -Jersey, golf is played all through the winter, for on that sandy soil -the snow lies but a short time, owing to the mildness of the climate and -the proximity of the ocean. But of course Lakewood is an exceptionally -favored spot for these northern latitudes. In and around New York city -there is generally enough snow by New-Year's day to stop play, and golf -at the big clubs is virtually at an end after the holidays and through -the months of January, February, March, and April. Even after the snow -has disappeared the frost must be allowed to get entirely out of the -ground before play is resumed, or the course, and particularly the -putting-greens, may be ruined.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 340px;"> -<img src="images/ill_003.jpg" width="340" height="350" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">FIG. 1.</span> -</div> - -<p>We must therefore admit that golf may have its "close" season, at least -for places that lie north of Mason and Dixon's famous line, but no -golfer worthy of the name is content to entirely abandon all attempts at -practice. If he can do nothing better, he will at least try "putting" -into tumblers laid on their sides on the dining-room floor, or he will -find some pretext to steal away to the attic for a few trial swings at a -mythical ball. Inventive genius has appreciated this unquenchable -craving on the part of the enthusiastic golfer, and several ingenious -appliances have been patented and put upon the market, by the use of -which he may keep up his practice in putting, approaching, and even -driving.</p> - -<p>In Fig. 4 is shown an apparatus called <i>Linka</i>. Inside the machine is a -powerful spring pulley-wheel, and over this runs a stout cord with an -ordinary golf-ball attached at the free end. When the ball is teed and -struck away, the propelling force is communicated through the spring to -a self-registering dial. So many pounds of pressure indicate so many -yards in distance, and the scale is graduated in five-yard divisions -from zero up to 225 yards. Fifteen or twenty feet of clear space is -ample for the use of the machine.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_004.jpg" width="400" height="398" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">FIG. 2.</span> -</div> - -<p>For practice in approaching the putting-green there is the stand shown -in Fig. 3. It consists of three concentric hoop-nets, and the accuracy -of the shot is determined by the particular hoop into which the ball is -played. Of course a free ball is used, and the weak point in the -apparatus is that it does not indicate the distance covered (a point -which in real play is quite as important as accurate direction). But it -may be arbitrarily assumed that a ball in the smallest hoop has been -laid within a foot of the hole, while the middle and outer rings may -stand for six and fifteen feet respectively.</p> - -<p>A cheap and effective substitute for the approaching-stand is the simple -target depicted in Fig. 2. It may be painted either upon canvas or -roughly sketched out in chalk upon the barn door. The canvas should be -eight feet square, and provided with guy-ropes and ring-bolts for -attaching to the floor and ceiling. If the lower edge of the canvas just -touches the floor, the centre of the target and the "bunker-line" will -consequently be three feet above it. (The use of the bunker-line will be -explained further on.) The diameter of the outer circle should be four -feet; of the middle one, two and a half feet; and of the inner ring, one -foot. The bull's-eye, which represents the hole proper, should be four -inches in diameter. As before, a ball striking in the outer ring is -supposed to lie fifteen feet from the hole; one in the middle ring, at -six feet; and one in the inner ring, at one foot. A ball that strikes -the bull's-eye is assumed to be in the hole. A ball on the line is -credited to the <i>inside</i> division.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 316px;"> -<img src="images/ill_005.jpg" width="316" height="350" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">FIG. 3.</span> -</div> - -<p>For putting there has been devised the stand shown in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_284" id="Page_284">[Pg 284]</a></span> Fig. 1. It is -nothing but a circular convex piece of tin with a hole in it. The tin -has a diameter of eight and a half inches, and that of the hole is two -and a half. The convexity is such that the depth of the hole is -three-quarters of an inch. It looks easy, but nevertheless it takes a -good deal of skill to "putt" a ball up the slope and safely into the -cup. If the direction be not accurate the ball will fall off, and if the -force be too great it will run completely over the hole in a very -irritating manner.</p> - -<p>Now all of these appliances may afford amusing practice, and there is no -reason why they should not be so used in combination as to give much of -the variety and excitement of a regular round of the links. Granted the -use of the attic or that of the barn floor, and we may at once proceed -to set up our miniature course of in-door golf. The principal expense -will be in the purchase of the driving-machine, which costs several -dollars at the shops; but we will assume that a small club has been -formed, and that the cost of the several pieces of apparatus is to be -equally divided among the playing members. The substitute for the -approaching-stand (Fig. 3) may be gotten up very cheaply, and the -putting-stand can be bought for fifty cents.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_006.jpg" width="400" height="127" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">FIG. 4.</span> -</div> - -<p>It is essential that there should be enough of clear space to allow a -full swing with the driving-clubs. Fifteen feet will do, but eighteen or -twenty will be better. The ball attached to the driving-machine must -have a free course in front of it of at least a dozen feet, for -otherwise its full force will not be communicated to the spring, and the -dial will not register correctly. The machine itself is placed a little -to one side, so as not to interfere with the club, and the ball should -be teed about a yard in front of it. After the tee shot, when the ball -is supposed to be on the ground (as in actual play), we may use an old -door-mat as a substitute for turf, and we will call this the -"driving-pad."</p> - -<p>In playing approach shots a free ball is used, and it may be placed on -the "driving-pad" and about fifteen feet from the approaching-stand or -canvas target. In the middle of the floor should be a mark for the -placing of the putting-stand during the process of "holing out." A chalk -line should be drawn from this mark fifteen feet long, with cross marks -at the one, six, and fifteen foot points. So much for the mechanical -apparatus; now for the course itself.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 566px;"> -<img src="images/ill_007.jpg" width="566" height="600" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">No. 1.—Ball in earth bunker or fence, drop five yards -back and add one stroke. Ball in sand, play off bare floor. No. 2.—Ball -in "Serpentine," drop five yards back and add one stroke. No. 3.—Ball -in pond is lost. Tee again and add two strokes. No. 4.—Ball in sand -bunker, drop five yards back and add one stroke.</span> -</div> - -<p>Suppose that our course is to be a nine-hole one, we must provide -ourselves with some sheets of stout wrapping-paper, a three-foot rule, -and an assortment of colored pencils. Each imaginary "hole" must now be -sketched out upon a separate sheet, after the fashion shown in the plan. -The sheet should be three feet long, and a convenient scale of -measurement will be a quarter-inch to five yards. Five inches will -therefore represent 100 yards; seven and one-half inches, 150 yards; ten -inches, 200 yards; and so on. Thirty inches is equivalent to 600 yards, -which should be the maximum. The putting-greens should be thirty feet, -or ten yards, square. A line should be drawn from tee to centre of the -putting-green, and each ten-yard point along it should be marked by a -red dot with the number underneath, 10, 20, 30, and so on. A circle -fifty yards in diameter is drawn around the hole, and the space enclosed -is called the "approaching-zone." Water hazards may be indicated by blue -shading, the ordinary earth bunker by red, stone walls by black, and the -tees and putting-greens by green. Everything should be drawn accurately -to scale, and the artistic appearance of the little map will be improved -by introducing hole and line flags in the proper colors. On an -eighteen-hole course red flags are used for the nine outgoing holes, and -white ones for the incoming ones. Red and white flags are used to -indicate the line of play at blind holes, and green flags may mark the -boundaries of the course.</p> - -<p>Any boy who has a practical knowledge of golf, and who is possessed of -reasonable ingenuity, may lay out in this manner a series of holes -which, if properly varied, will make the play very interesting. The -principal difficulty is the proper arrangement of the hazards, and this -will be largely determined by the average driving ability of the club -members. Generally speaking, a bunker must never be so situated as to -spoil a really good drive. Hazards are intended to punish bad shots and -not to injure good ones. Accordingly we may place a hazard ten yards -from the tee, or any distance between that and 100 yards. But a bunker -160 yards from the tee would be in just the place to trap a really good -drive, while the topped or short one would go unpunished. Side hazards -will not be required on our in-door course, as there is no way of -determining the "slice" or "pull" of our drives. Each player must be -provided with a stick-pin to mark his progress on the map, and these may -be distinguished by dipping the heads into different colors of melted -sealing-wax. The maps of the holes are tacked up on the wall in regular -succession as the play goes on. And now we are ready for the actual -match, and we will suppose that we are playing the "Longfellow hole."</p> - -<p>M. and N. are the players, and M. has the "honor." This being his tee -drive, he is allowed to use a rubber or some other kind of artificial -tee, and of course he plays with the ball attached to the -driving-machine. The dial shows that he has driven 115 yards, and has -therefore carried the earth bunker. He sticks in his pin at the 115-yard -point, and N. has his turn. We will suppose that N. tops his ball, and -the dial shows that his ball has travelled only 50 yards. He sticks in -his pin at that point on the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_285" id="Page_285">[Pg 285]</a></span> map. N. being the farthest from the hole, -must now play again, and this time he must not use a tee, but must -simply place the ball on the "driving-pad." As he is fifty yards from -the bunker he will probably use his brassie, and this time he gets in a -good shot of 130 yards, which will advance him to the 180-yard point.</p> - -<p>The play goes on in this manner until both balls have been played inside -the "approaching-zone" or fifty-yard circle. Then the driving-machine is -set aside, and the approach shot is made with a free ball, and at the -stand (Fig. 3) or target (Fig. 2). As before explained, a ball in the -bull's-eye means that the player has holed out, if in the smallest ring -he is one foot from the hole, and six and fifteen feet away for the -middle and outer rings respectively. A ball that misses the target -altogether is held to be "foozled," and must be taken back and played -again (counting a stroke each time) until the player has succeeded in -hitting the bull's-eye or one of the numbered rings. And particularly -note this: if, as in this case, there is a hazard between the player's -ball and the green, the ball must not only hit the target, but it must -do so above the horizontal mark called on the diagram (Fig. 2) the -bunker-line. Failing in this, the player is held to be in the bunker, -and must add a penalty stroke to his score, and try again, until he does -succeed in hitting the target above the bunker-line. The balls being now -within holing-distance they are placed at their respective marks (one -foot, six feet, or fifteen feet from the putting-stand), and holed out -in the ordinary manner.</p> - -<p>The small type under the plans give specific directions for the playing -of each hole, and may be varied at discretion. In sand the player must -drive off the bare floor instead of from the pad, and for a heavy lie or -long grass an old bear-skin (or other long-haired skin) rug may be -substituted. The half-circles mean that a ball driven beyond the marked -figures is out of bounds and lost.</p> - -<p>Finally, in the event of a long shot that exactly covers the distance to -the hole, the player may be considered to have holed out in that shot. -M. is 110 yards from the green. He drives, and the dial indicates -exactly 110 yards. M. is down by a lucky fluke, and does not have to do -any approaching or putting.</p> - -<p>It is hardly worth while to make any argument against the assertion that -all this is not golf. Of course it is not golf, but it is as near to it -as we are likely to get within the limits of our four walls. Driving -with the machine is good practice for the "long game," even though it -cannot help us in correcting that dreaded "slicing" and "pulling." But -these last, again, are principally matters of a faulty aim; it is the -eye that needs correction. Practice with the approaching-target may -teach us the sense of direction with our wrist shots, and we can leave -the distance problem for our open-air play. The putting will train both -eye and hand. Finally, the game is a practical one, and with a little -ingenuity and intelligence in laying out the imaginary course, it may -serve very well by way of amusement during the winter afternoons and -evenings when the mercury without is hovering around the zero mark and -the snow lies deep upon the links.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_286" id="Page_286">[Pg 286]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="THE_MIDDLETON_BOWL" id="THE_MIDDLETON_BOWL">THE MIDDLETON BOWL.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY ELLEN DOUGLAS DELAND.</h3> - -<h3>CHAPTER II.</h3> - -<p>While Miss Joanna Middleton was imparting the news of her startling -discovery to her sisters in the house, Teddy and her aunt Thomasine were -walking as swiftly as possible toward the lower end of the garden. -Theodora's face betrayed that she was greatly excited, and she held her -aunt's hand tightly, and almost dragged her along in her haste to get -there.</p> - -<p>"My dear Teddy," said Miss Thomasine at length, while she fairly gasped -for breath, "I am not accustomed to walking so fast. I—I really must -stop for a moment."</p> - -<p>"Oh, do excuse me, Aunt Tom! I never thought. You see, I am so used to -running."</p> - -<p>They stopped, and stood facing each other for a moment.</p> - -<p>"What have you under your apron?" asked Miss Thomasine.</p> - -<p>Theodora's face grew redder still, and she cast down her eyes. This was -unusual, for the child had a frank, fearless habit of fixing her brown -eyes upon those of the person to whom she was speaking which was very -winning. Her face had a way of showing every emotion which she might be -feeling, and her aunt saw at once that something was the matter.</p> - -<p>"Are you so troubled about the kitten, Teddy, my dear?" asked Miss -Thomasine. "Do you begin to feel sorry that you fought the boy?"</p> - -<p>"I'm not a bit sorry, Aunt Tom. I'm glad, glad, <i>glad</i>! But you needn't -look so disappointed; the sorry feeling may come later. It usually does -after I've been naughty, but sometimes not for a good while. For -instance, when I've been naughty in the morning I very often don't begin -to feel sorry till toward sunset. I suppose I begin to think then of -that verse in the Bible about not letting the sun go down on your wrath. -So perhaps late in the afternoon I may begin to feel a little bit sorry -about Andy Morse, though I don't know. But are you rested yet, Aunt Tom? -I do want to get to the funeral, but not unless you are quite ready," -she added, politely.</p> - -<p>"Suppose you take my other hand," said Miss Thomasine, "and I will hold -my sunshade in this one."</p> - -<p>For some reason this arrangement did not appear to please Theodora. -However, she put both of her hands under her apron, and after a curious -sound of the clatter of china, she produced her right hand and gave it -to her aunt.</p> - -<p>"What have you there, Teddy, my dear? What are you hiding under your -apron?" asked the gentle little lady.</p> - -<p>"Oh, nothing much, Aunt Tom. At least—that is—yes, there is something, -but—well—I would rather not tell you what it is, if you don't mind."</p> - -<p>Soon they turned a corner, and reached the spot where the six Hoyt boys -were awaiting them.</p> - -<p>"We thought you were never coming, Ted! What kept you so long?" shouted -Paul, who was the eldest, and therefore master of ceremonies. Catching -sight of Miss Thomasine, he stopped abruptly. "Aren't you going to have -a funeral?" he asked. "We've got everything ready."</p> - -<p>"Oh yes, we're going to have it," responded she; "Aunt Tom came with me -to see how we do it. I'm sorry to have kept you waiting, but I really -could not get here before; and now I must speak to Arthur a minute. You -other boys just entertain Aunt Tom, please. She would like to rest. What -a lovely grave, and what sweet flowers! Arthur, come here a minute."</p> - -<p>They walked a short distance away, and then disappeared behind some -currant-bushes. The other boys appeared to be unequal to the task of -entertaining Miss Thomasine, so a profound silence reigned, making -plainly audible the murmur of Theodora's voice.</p> - -<p>"Hurry up there," said Paul, impatiently. "If you want me to help with -this funeral you must come quick. What are you talking about, anyway?"</p> - -<p>"Never mind," replied Teddy, running into sight, followed by Arthur. -"It's a secret, and you mustn't ask."</p> - -<p>Her aunt noticed that both hands were now visible, and that she carried -nothing in them; but Miss Thomasine soon forgot that she had felt any -curiosity in the matter, and turned her attention to the proceedings of -these very remarkable children. She also forgot that she had been -deputed by her sisters to stop these proceedings, and became wholly and -at once an interested spectator.</p> - -<p>"We will start from here and walk once around the garden," said Teddy, -"and we will make quite a long procession, for there are so many of us. -I wish we had some music. We might pretend that the poor dear kitten was -a soldier."</p> - -<p>"So we will," cried Clement. "I'll get my drum quicker than a wink."</p> - -<p>Before he had finished speaking he was over the garden wall.</p> - -<p>"And get my trumpet," shouted Raymond.</p> - -<p>Presently Clem returned, and all was now ready. Upon the boys' express -wagon reposed a pasteboard box, in which had been placed the kitten, -more honored in its death than in its short, unhappy life. Yellow -daisies, asters, and golden-rod were heaped upon the cart in magnificent -profusion, but the handle was draped in black.</p> - -<p>Arthur and Walter acted as horses, and subdued their natural speed to a -funereal gait; Clem and Raymond marched before, one beating his drum -with measured rat-tat-tat, the other blowing long and melancholy wails -upon his Fourth-of-July horn. On either side the cart walked Paul and -Charlie, while close behind came Theodora and her aunt Thomasine.</p> - -<p>"You will make a perfect chief mourner," whispered Teddy, "for your hat -is so black and so is your cape. I shall hold my handkerchief to my -eyes, so."</p> - -<p>"But, my dear," expostulated Miss Thomasine, "I really cannot. I do not -approve. Remember, it is only a kitten."</p> - -<p>"Yes, yes, I do remember. That poor dead kitten! Please come, Aunt Tom! -Don't spoil it all, and try to look as sad as you can!"</p> - -<p>And before Miss Thomasine really knew it, the procession had begun to -move and she was in it. Around the garden they walked, and finally -returned to their starting-place, where the grave had been already dug. -Paul and Charlie attended to this part of the ceremonies, the musicians -blew and beat a parting salute upon their instruments, Theodora mopped -her dry eyes, and the horses, when all was over, relieved their feelings -by running away.</p> - -<p>"Wasn't it fun?" exclaimed Teddy. "I never did like anybody so much as -you boys, and you do a funeral beautifully. Do you really have to go -back now, Aunt Tom? I wish you could stay here and play with us. Charlie -is going to let me try his bicycle, and I'd like you to see me."</p> - -<p>"Oh, my dear child," cried Miss Thomasine. "It will never do in the -world. You must not—indeed you must not! If you knew the feeling that -your aunts and I have about bicycles."</p> - -<p>"But they are not dangerous, Aunt Tom. Indeed, <i>lots</i> of people ride -them."</p> - -<p>"It is not the danger so much as the— Well, my dear, you must never do -it without asking your other aunts. A lady on a bicycle!"</p> - -<p>"But I'm not a lady; I'm only a child. Besides, lots of ladies ride -them. I've seen them in Alden over and over again."</p> - -<p>"It does not seem to me as if they can be real ladies. But come into the -house and ask your aunt Adaline. I cannot take any more responsibility. -I feel uncomfortable now about that funeral. I do not know what your -other aunts will say."</p> - -<p>"Oh dear!" grumbled Theodora; "it is such a bother to have to ask so -many people what I can do. If it were just you, Aunt Tom, I shouldn't -mind, but five are such a lot, and you all think everything is so -dreadful. I am sure mamma would let me ride a wheel." Her aunt made no -reply, and they walked toward the house. "There, I suppose I ought not -to have said that," added Teddy, penitently, after a moment's pause. "It -was disrespectful, I suppose. But oh, Aunt Tom, if you only won't all -say I can't ride a wheel, it is all I ask!"</p> - -<p>They found the door standing open, and from the sound<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_287" id="Page_287">[Pg 287]</a></span> of voices it was -evident that some one was in the parlor, and immediately the parlor door -was opened a crack, and at it appeared Miss Melissa, beckoning -mysteriously to her sister.</p> - -<p>"Come!" she whispered. "Thomasine, the— My dear sister, be prepared! a -cruel blow!"</p> - -<p>"What do you mean, Melissa?" cried Miss Thomasine, her nerves quite -unstrung by the performance in which she had so recently taken part, and -also by her late altercation, if so it could be called, with her niece.</p> - -<p>"Come!" repeated Miss Melissa, and her sister went into the -drawing-room, almost expecting to find that there had been a death in -the family.</p> - -<p>Theodora ran up stairs. "They have found it out! they have found it -out!" she thought, and flying to her room she closed and bolted the -door. Ten minutes later her name was called from without.</p> - -<p>"Miss Theodora, are you there?" It was Mary Ann, one of the maids. Teddy -did not speak nor move.</p> - -<p>"Miss Theodora," said Mary Ann again, tapping at the door and rattling -the handle as she spoke. "I think, miss, you had better let me in. Your -aunts want to speak to you."</p> - -<p>Slowly Teddy rose from the bed, where she had flung herself, and -reluctantly opened the door. Her dark hair, which was cut short across -her forehead and hung in a wavy mass behind, looked sadly dishevelled, -and her face showed unmistakably that she had been crying. "What do they -want me for?" she asked.</p> - -<p>"A terrible thing has happened, miss," replied Mary Ann, in an awed -whisper; "the Middleton bowl is broke—the Middleton bowl as was worth -hundreds of dollars, I've heard tell, that folks has been comin' from -all over the country to see ever since I've lived here, and that's goin' -on fifteen years."</p> - -<p>"But why do they want me?" asked Theodora, showing no surprise when told -of the calamity, as Mary Ann noted.</p> - -<p>"Because, miss, <i>some</i>body has broke it, and as it ain't one of the -ladies themselves, it must have been either you or some of the help. So, -miss, if 'twas you and you don't tell it, some of us has got to suffer."</p> - -<p>"Mary Ann," said Teddy, stopping short at the stairs, "must I really go -down? Can't I run away? Won't you help me to run away, Mary Ann? I'll -give you something nice if you will."</p> - -<p>"La, miss, don't talk and look so wild! You just tell 'em you did it -quite accidental, and they'll forgive you. The Miss Middletons is real -ladies, and they won't scold, but they'll take it awful hard if you try -to deceive 'em. Just tell 'em you did it."</p> - -<p>"I can't possibly do that. Oh, Mary Ann, I wish I were in South America -with my father and mother!"</p> - -<p>She had reached the parlor door by this time, and there she paused. -Presently, summoning all her courage, she pushed it open and entered.</p> - -<p>"Poor little miss!" said Mary Ann to herself. "Of course she did it, and -I'm real sorry for her."</p> - -<p>And then she went off to the kitchen to tell the other frightened -servants that there was no doubt as to who was guilty.</p> - -<p>The parlor was a very large room, and Venetian-blinds at the seven long -windows shut out the light of day as much as possible. Two of them, at -one end of the room, had been drawn up this morning, however. As has -been said, the parlor was furnished in old-fashioned mahogany. There -were eight-legged tables, quaintly shaped shelves and cabinets, -Chippendale chairs, and even an ancient piano, made in the style of -eighty years ago.</p> - -<p>The Misses Middleton were modern in one respect only; their drawing-room -was filled with bric-à-brac. There were lacquered-ware tea-poys from -Japan and quaint idols from India, while rare old bits of china filled -every available space. Near one of the windows stood a Chinese table. It -was curiously carved, and the top was inlaid with bits of wood and ivory -in the shapes of mysterious Chinese symbols, and upon this table had -always rested, in honor and apparent security, the famous Middleton -bowl.</p> - -<p>The walls were lined with rare old paintings, and portraits from the -hands of Sully, Stuart, and even of Sir Joshua Reynolds and -Gainsborough, looked down upon the five descendants of the ancient race -of Middleton this September morning when they sat, drawn up in battle -array, to receive their niece.</p> - -<p>Slowly she walked into the room, and with downcast eyes and burning face -she stood before her aunts. They were seated in a semicircle, their -backs turned toward the windows, where the shades had been raised; -therefore the light streamed full in the face of Theodora.</p> - -<p>"What have you to say for yourself, Theodora?" asked Miss Middleton, in -an impressive voice.</p> - -<p>There was no reply. Miss Thomasine looked unhappy, and covered her face -with her handkerchief, and Miss Melissa again made use of her salts. -Miss Dorcas began to knit nervously, but Miss Joanna stared straight at -Theodora through her gold-rimmed spectacles.</p> - -<p>"Have you nothing to say, Theodora?" asked Miss Middleton, after a -pause.</p> - -<p>"No, Aunt Adaline."</p> - -<p>"You have not told her why she has been called, sister!" exclaimed Miss -Thomasine. "Perhaps she knows nothing about it."</p> - -<p>"Is that probable after what you told us?" asked Miss Middleton, -austerely. "However, I will humor you. Theodora, you have seen the -Middleton bowl?"</p> - -<p>Involuntarily Teddy's eyes turned toward the now empty Chinese table, -and then were dropped again.</p> - -<p>"Yes, it stood there," continued Miss Middleton, "and at ten o'clock -this morning it was still there, for I saw it myself. At a quarter past -eleven, when your aunt Joanna came down to dust the parlor, the -Middleton bowl was gone! Not a trace of it left but this small piece of -china to show that it had ever been there."</p> - -<p>Theodora glanced up again, and saw a triangular bit of china, an inch or -two long, which her aunt held in her hand and then laid upon the table.</p> - -<p>"You know the value of that bowl. You have been told that your -great-grandfather brought it home, and that there is said to be but one -like it in the world. Now that other is the only one. The Middleton bowl -is no more."</p> - -<p>She paused, and her sisters, more than one of them, sobbed audibly. Miss -Middleton, Miss Joanna, and Theodora herself alone were dry-eyed.</p> - -<p>"Have you anything to say for yourself?" asked Miss Middleton, for the -third time.</p> - -<p>And again Theodora replied, "No, Aunt Adaline."</p> - -<p>Miss Middleton's foot moved impatiently. "You must say something, -Theodora. In plain words, did you break the bowl?" There was no answer. -"Very well. You would have saved yourself in our esteem if you had -confessed at once that you broke it, and that it was an accident, as I -suppose it was. We should have forgiven you, great as the loss is. Now -you are attempting to hide it. I am only thankful that you are not -actually denying the fact, but I suppose you realize that it would be -useless. The evidence is too strong against you."</p> - -<p>"What do you mean, Aunt Adaline?"</p> - -<p>"Your aunt Thomasine will explain."</p> - -<p>"Oh, sister!" murmured Miss Thomasine. "I almost wish I had not told -you; but you took me so by surprise that the words came right out before -I knew it. Poor little Teddy! I am sure she did not mean to break it."</p> - -<p>"I beg you will not call her by that ridiculous boy's name, Thomasine!" -interrupted Miss Joanna. "And you are doing your best to encourage her -to keep silence. I think you and sister Adaline are entirely too -lenient. If I had <i>my</i> way, I should soon force her to confess."</p> - -<p>Teddy, who had almost cried while her aunt Thomasine was speaking, now -raised her head and gazed defiantly at Miss Joanna. "<i>I did not break -the bowl</i>," she said, in a loud, clear voice.</p> - -<p>"Oh, Theodora!" exclaimed the five aunts, in a chorus of dismay.</p> - -<p>"I did not break the bowl," she repeated.</p> - -<p>"But, my dear, the pieces which you carried under your apron to the -garden?" murmured Miss Thomasine, greatly aghast at the turn which -affairs were taking.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_288" id="Page_288">[Pg 288]</a></span></p> - -<p>"How do you know I did?" asked Theodora, her face, which had become -pale, again growing red.</p> - -<p>"I—I thought I heard them clatter, but I may have been mistaken."</p> - -<p>"The only thing to do," said Miss Joanna, "is to go to the garden -ourselves, and find what is left of the bowl. You said, Thomasine, that -she appeared to have placed the pieces among the currant-bushes. Then we -shall discover whether or not you were mistaken. You are painfully weak -and indefinite, and I am glad that I, for one, always know what I am -talking about. Do you not agree with me, Adaline, that it would be well -for us to go?"</p> - -<p>Miss Middleton acquiesced, and the five sisters made themselves ready -for their walk. They were arrayed in garden hats and black silk -mantillas, and each one carried a sunshade. Even in the midst of her -misery Theodora wondered at their dressing so exactly alike, and why -they all wore gloves that were too large for them.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"> -<img src="images/ill_008.jpg" width="700" height="491" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">SLOWLY THEY WALKED, TWO BY TWO, ALONG THE PATH.</span> -</div> - -<p>Slowly they walked, two by two, along the path which led to the garden, -the maids watching them from the kitchen windows, and John, the hired -man, pausing in his work among the sweet-pease to stare after them in -astonishment. He also had heard of the calamity which had befallen the -household, but he did not know the connection between that and the foot -of the garden, and he never before had seen his mistresses walk there at -high noon (as it was according to the old dial), though he had lived -with them, and hoed their potatoes for twenty years.</p> - -<p>Two by two they went, Theodora and her aunt Thomasine in front, the -other aunts behind, down the very path over which had passed that -delightful funeral procession so short a time before.</p> - -<p>"I wish I were that kitten!" thought Teddy, miserably. "I would rather -be stoned than this! I suppose there is no way out of it. I've got to -show them where I hid the pieces. If I only hadn't left that little bit -which I never saw at all, they would have thought the bowl was stolen. -They never would have dreamed of my breaking it. How foolish I was!"</p> - -<p>One of the Hoyt boys, looking over the wall, saw the approach of the -Middleton ladies, and summoning all his brothers who were available, -they leaned upon the wall and watched the proceedings with intense -interest. Arthur alone, when he saw them coming, dropped the rake which -he had been using and fled toward the barn.</p> - -<p>"She's only a girl, after all," he said to himself, indignantly. "She -can't keep it dark. I told her they'd never guess it if she only held -her tongue, and now she has given it away!"</p> - -<p>Then his curiosity as to what would happen next overcame his apparent -desire for flight, and he returned to his brothers on the garden wall, -from the top of which could be had a fine view of the Misses Middletons' -currant-bushes. When he arrived at this point of vantage he found that -the ladies had reached the object of their walk, and that they stood in -a row upon the path.</p> - -<p>"Now," said Miss Joanna, with sarcasm—"now we shall see whether -Thomasine was mistaken or not!"</p> - -<p>She closed her sunshade with a vicious snap, and proceeded to poke with -it under the bushes. Theodora watched her for a moment in silence.</p> - -<p>"You needn't do that, Aunt Joanna," she said; and walking to a little -distance, she stooped and thrust her hand into the mass of green weeds -and dead leaves which had accumulated there. Almost immediately she drew -forth two pieces of broken china. "Here they are," she said.</p> - -<p>Miss Middleton took one piece and Miss Joanna the other. Without a word -they turned toward home. Miss Melissa and Miss Dorcas followed, and then -Miss Thomasine, holding Theodora by the hand, fell into line behind. -They walked away as slowly as they had come.</p> - -<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_289" id="Page_289">[Pg 289]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="A_LOYAL_TRAITOR" id="A_LOYAL_TRAITOR">A LOYAL TRAITOR.</a></h2> - -<h4>A STORY OF THE WAR OF 1812 BETWEEN AMERICA AND ENGLAND.</h4> - -<h3>BY JAMES BARNES.</h3> - -<h3>CHAPTER XIII.</h3> - -<h3>A FRENCH LEAVE-TAKING.</h3> - -<p>I could well write a book describing the two months of my life that I -spent as an English prisoner of war; but as this is to be a record of my -adventures alone, I fear me I would take up too much time if I should -allow this fact to leave my mind.</p> - -<p>We were awakened early in the morning, and orders were given us to get -our baggage ready, as we were going to be transferred from the frigate -to one of the prison-ships. The order to get our "baggage" must have -been a bit of sarcasm, as there was none of us who possessed a spare -shirt to his back.</p> - -<p>Our breakfast was doled out to us on the upper deck, and we hastened -down the gangway. Such a multitude of bumboats and small craft I had -never seen as surrounded the vessel. There was a great hubbub on all -sides, and our departure, being such a small number, created little -comment. A launch was waiting for us, and one by one we jumped into her -stern-sheets.</p> - -<p>I almost forgot I was a prisoner in looking about me, for it all was -new. I saw more ships gathered together than I had ever seen in the -whole course of my life. Some were twice as large as the 74 -<i>Plantagenet</i> that I had seen from the deck of the <i>Minetta</i>.</p> - -<p>We rowed under the stern of a great vessel pierced on one side for sixty -guns.</p> - -<p>"This is the sort of a craft," said Sutton, pointing, "that Nelson and -their Admirals won battles with. She could swing the <i>Young Eagle</i> at -her side; eh, youngster?"</p> - -<p>And well she could, I think, for it struck me that she was more of a -floating fort than a sailing craft. Sheer-hulks and vessels outfitting -crowded the inner harbor, and the constant hammering, tapping, and -picking of an army of calkers filled the air.</p> - -<p>When we reached the gangway on the port side we climbed up to the tall -gallery. I had to smile. We might have been royal personages making a -visit, for such ceremony I have never seen equalled. We passed between -two files of marines and were inspected by three different groups of -officers. They asked questions, and for some time seemed to be quite -confident that Sutton was an Englishman. In this belief they were -somewhat shaken when they saw his tattoo decorations, however.</p> - -<p>At last our names were taken, and we passed below into the foul-smelling -air of the 'tween-decks. Five or six hundred men were confined on board -this ship, and as the guards had a generous portion set apart for -themselves, the prisoners were much crowded. But we were not going to be -kept here long; and although the time seemed to go slowly and was -certainly most tedious, only a week elapsed before we were informed that -we were going to be taken to a large prison near the town of Bristol.</p> - -<p>On the twelfth day we were landed on the dock in Plymouth, and the dry -ground felt odd to our feet, I can tell you. As luck had it, Sutton, -Craig, and myself were in the first draft. It took us several days to -travel from Plymouth to Bristol, being closely guarded by a squadron of -cavalry and a battalion of infantry on the route.</p> - -<p>It was a bright afternoon when we arrived on the outskirts of the city, -where we halted but a few minutes, and I learned that we were yet -several miles from Stapleton, where the prisons were situated. Despite -our fatigue, we<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_290" id="Page_290">[Pg 290]</a></span> were hastened along a broad, dusty road that led to the -north.</p> - -<p>At six o'clock we skirted the edge of a vast domain that I found, by -asking, was the private estate of the Duke of Devonshire, and before we -knew it we were halted in front of a long row of stone buildings, behind -the barred gratings of which appeared hundreds of pallid faces. As we -passed over the drawbridge spanning the deep moat, we entered the -court-yard, and found ourselves with the brown sombre prison-houses on -either hand.</p> - -<p>The chatter of French sounded all about us, for the majority of the -prisoners were Frenchmen taken in the wars against Napoleon. The -Americans were domiciled in a building apart from the Frenchmen, and did -not appear to enjoy the garrulous, half-contented spirit of the others.</p> - -<p>Thus began two months of prison life that I shall dismiss with a few -words, although, as I hinted, I could write a volume about it.</p> - -<p>A huge prison, in which are confined some five or six thousand men (our -numbers were swelled every day by new drafts of American prisoners and -Frenchmen) is much like a city. We had theatrical companies, markets, -and exchanges, and men quarrelled and gambled, and plied their trades or -callings to some advantage. Time passed quickly, although one day was -much like another. We were well guarded and fairly well fed, although -clothing and foot-gear were at a premium.</p> - -<p>My size and strength had apparently increased since I had left Belair. I -stood six feet in height before I was nineteen years of age, and I -afterwards added two inches more to this. In the sports, especially in -foot-races and wrestling, I found myself a leader. Of course no one -could live in such a community as this, even for a short time, without -picking up a great deal of useful knowledge, besides imbibing much also -that would serve no one in good stead except perhaps as a warning.</p> - -<p>My knowledge of the French tongue enabled me to converse with the -Frenchmen, and I whiled away many an hour by talking with them and -reading a romance so smirched by constant handling as to be almost -undecipherable. A small volume of Shakespeare, belonging to an -ex-schoolmaster, who kindly loaned it to me, I pored over by the hour.</p> - -<p>One day there came a little excitement in our life, and a great -hallooing and huzzahing resounded through the prison. It was a reception -tendered to a division of the crew of the luckless <i>Chesapeake</i> that was -transferred from the hulks to join us. We got up an entertainment in -their honor that evening.</p> - -<p>Now to come to the evening of the 16th of September, 1813, that I can -set down in this chronicle in large important letters; for on this date, -by a combination of fortunate circumstances, I ceased to be a prisoner. -It happened thus:</p> - -<p>The officers attached to the military force stationed at the prison -lived together in a small building at the southwest corner of the -rectangle formed by the high walls. Through the building which they -occupied a passage ran to a small postern-gate. On several occasions I -had been over there bearing messages from the prison-keeper (I was one -of the monitor officers in charge of the order of my section of the west -wing). But of course I had never progressed further than the small -antechamber that opened into the guard-room, where I would wait to -secure an audience with the commandant or one of his subordinates.</p> - -<p>Now on this day I was bound to see a strange condition of affairs—the -orderly who generally stood at the door was missing from his post. It -was past dusk, and as I pushed in I noticed that the entrance to the -guard-room, usually filled with soldiers, was shut. I thought of giving -a hail, but then perceiving also that the entrance into the main -building was gaping wide, impelled by a sudden impulse I stepped across -the threshold into the hallway. I could hear voices coming from -somewhere; but a room to the right appeared to be empty; a candle was -burning on top of a tall dressing-case, and there across the foot of a -narrow cot lay spread the uniform of a Lieutenant; and a great bear-skin -shako, with a tall plume, topped one of the bedposts.</p> - -<p>Now I think to do what I did then took more courage than anything I have -ever attempted. I gave a leap sideways into the room, and closed the -door behind me. Actually panting from excitement, I tore off the rags -which served me for clothing, and shaking from head to foot I donned the -uniform. Luckily the clothes were made for a large man, and they fitted -me to perfection. I glanced at myself in the glass as I put the towering -head-gear on as a finishing-touch. I was a strange-looking object. My -hair, which was long, was done sailor fashion down my back in a queue, -but the locks straggled down my cheeks; and, young as I was, my -appearance would have been improved by the use of a razor. But I -gathered my hair on the top of my head, where it was kept by the weight -of the shako, and then I stepped to the door. The voices had ceased, but -I plainly perceived that some one was coming down the corridor, which -was flagged with stone; the jingling of spurs echoed along the walls. -Hastily I closed the door, and extinguished the light with a pinch of my -fingers. It was good for me that I had done this, for whoever it was -gave the door a push and thrust in his head. How he ever missed seeing -me (for I could have struck him with my knee) I cannot see to this day. -It was one of the general officers, and attired for duty evidently, as -he carried a long sabre hitched under his arm.</p> - -<p>"Humph! Not here," he said. "A pretty piece of business."</p> - -<p>Then away he clanked, and I heard the slamming of a door to another -apartment. I knew that probably he came from the outside, and that the -way to freedom, or at least to the open air, must be in the direction -from which he was walking. I stepped out into the passageway and tiptoed -down it. Then thinking that cautious steps might attract notice, I -changed my gait to a military stride, and swaggered along with chest out -and shoulders back. My doing this was fortunate, for I went by the open -entrance of a small apartment, and a young man in undress uniform sat -reading a book with the aid of a small lamp. He glanced out at me, but -made no comment. I had affected to yawn, and half covered my face with -my hand.</p> - -<p>Now I came to the end of the corridor, and here were three doors; the -one on the left shut, the centre one partly ajar, and the one on the -right closed with large bolts. Looking through the door that was open, I -could perceive a man's leg stretched out on a chair as if he were -resting, so I turned to the one on the left. I was about to draw the -latch when from within I heard the sound of voices in conversation.</p> - -<p>"Good for you! Now another throw," some one said. Then came the rattle -of a dice-box.</p> - -<p>There was nothing for it but to try the farther door, the one that was -bolted, and to do this I had to run the risk of attracting the man's -attention in the middle room. I stepped by, and giving a quick glance -over my shoulder, I saw that he was asleep, with his mouth wide open and -his arms folded across his chest. With trembling fingers I drew the bolt -of the heavy, iron-studded door, and swung it open.</p> - -<p>Here was another passageway much like the first, with rooms on either -side and a staircase in a recess at the farther end. Good fortune still -favored me. I tramped down it, and found that to go out I had evidently -to ascend the steps. When I reached the foot and had placed my hand on -the iron guard-rail, I almost gave a gasp of sheer fright. There -standing on a little platform at the top was a grenadier, with his -musket leaning against him. He had caught sight of me, however, at this -same instant; the hall was dimly lighted with a flickering taper, and I -was in full view.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 347px;"> -<img src="images/ill_009.jpg" width="347" height="450" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE MAN DREW HIMSELF ERECT, AND HIS MUSKET SNAPPED TO A PRESENT.</span> -</div> - -<p>But to my surprise the man said nothing, but drew himself erect and his -musket snapped to a present. Drawing the heavy cloak that I had thrown -about my shoulders up to my nose, I hurried up the steps and returned -the soldier's salute in proper manner, but with shaking fingers, as I -passed him.</p> - -<p>Here I was in the open air, and from the entrance a narrow causeway or -bridge led to the top of the wall. But<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_291" id="Page_291">[Pg 291]</a></span> all danger was not over, for at -the farther end stood two more red-coated gentry. One had called the -attention of the other to my approach, and there they were, drawn up -like two statues at attention. I should have to go between them. But the -light was very dim, and only boldness could serve my purpose. So I gazed -directly at them, and with a great bound of my heart in my throat, I saw -that I was going to be successful. They presented arms as I brushed by.</p> - -<p>A small flight of stairs led down the wall on the outside, and here the -ditch was spanned by a foot-bridge, and on the bank stood another -sentry. I had wondered why I had not been asked for a password of some -sort, and now I feared that this last man would prove my downfall, and -that surely I would be stopped and asked some question. I hesitated as I -stood there half-way down the steps, and at this instant I noticed the -sentry across the bridge bring his musket to a half-charge with a ring -of his accoutrements. In the dusk I could see four or five figures -approaching, and then I heard the sentry call them to halt.</p> - -<p>I could not make out the words that followed, but it was all merely -perfunctory business I recognized, as the approaching figures were -officers. Now fear often gives a man a judgment and cleverness that -support him in sore straits. There was but one chance, and I took it. I -turned about, retraced my steps, passed the two sentries, who saluted me -once more, then again the third man at the head of the stairway, and I -was back in the corridor.</p> - -<p>When I had turned the angle of the passage, I entered one of the rooms, -and crouched down behind a curtain, holding my big hat in my lap. My -teeth chattered so that I feared the noise would be audible, and I had -been just in time, as, laughing and talking, the officers were -approaching.</p> - -<p>As I sat crouched in a corner I perceived that they had some huge joke -among them. They were walking slowly, and I heard distinctly what -passed.</p> - -<p>"The idea of Tillinghast forgetting the countersign strikes me as being -grand," exclaimed some one, with a guffaw at the end of the sentence.</p> - -<p>"Ha! ha! ha!" laughed another. "I told you it was the author of -<i>Robinson Crusoe</i>, Tilly."</p> - -<p>"Why, confound it all! I always thought that he himself wrote the book," -roared a deep bass.</p> - -<p>I recognized the speaker as the junior in command of the prison. It was -his clothes, by-the-way, that I had on my back at the moment.</p> - -<p>"I think the Governor chose it for a play on words," said another. "A -poor pun even for him."</p> - -<p>"Why we should require a password at all is more than I can see," said -Tillinghast. "Come down to my quarters, Carntyne. We have time for a -game of whist."</p> - -<p>They passed on. I waited a few minutes, putting two and two together, -and suddenly it came to me. <i>I had the password at the tip of my -tongue!</i> Hastily arising, I stepped outside of the room. It was but a -few yards to the bottom of the stairs, and I heard the sentry humming a -snatch of a tune, and keeping time to it with the stamping of his feet -in a sort of a jig. I was afraid that if I approached him the way that I -had done before, he might look closer, so I made believe that I was -carrying on the fag end of a conversation with some one, and answered an -imaginary question with a laugh (a trifle forced, I must admit).</p> - -<p>"No, thanks," I said; "you gentlemen are too much for me. I must hasten. -Eh?" (A pause.) "I shall be back by nine o'clock, but I must hurry." -Then I charged up the steps as if the devil was after me. The grenadier -had hardly time to salute me; and I rushed past the other two at the end -of the causeway at the same pace. They made some remark after I had gone -by, but I did not catch it. More leisurely I descended the steps on the -outside of the wall, and crossed the little foot-bridge to where the -last sentry stood. His musket barred my path, but it was a respectful -attitude.</p> - -<p>"The word, sir?" he said, slurring the usual challenge.</p> - -<p>"Defoe," I answered. He hesitated. "Daniel Defoe," I repeated, -restraining with difficulty a mad impulse to close with him and pitch -him headlong into the ditch.</p> - -<p>The response to this was a backward step on the sentry's part, and a -stiff attitude of present arms. I replied with somewhat of a flourish, -and hastened down the path. It led across a sort of common, bordered by -twinkling lights shining from some vine-covered houses, and in the -stillness I heard the sound of a fiddle played somewhere, and from -another direction the voice of an infant crying at top lung. What was I -to do? I had a good fund of general information, perhaps, owing to my -reading, and I had made up by this time the hiatus caused by my being -out of the world those two years at Belair; but I knew little or nothing -of the geography of England, and to save my soul I could not have -imagined which would be the best direction to take.</p> - -<p>My one idea was to put as much space between me and the prison-yard as I -could, so I walked away from it with that end in view alone. It grew -very dark, and I kept to the common until I plunged through a thorny -hedge and made the road. It seemed to lead straight to the northward, -which was as good for me as any other point of the compass, so I -hastened along as fast as my legs could carry me.</p> - -<p>The big military hat wobbled unsteadily on my head, and I thought how -difficult it would be to make any sort of a fight with such an -encumbrance to quick motions. But I reasoned I would attract a great -deal of attention if I should discard it, so I slung it over my back by -the plume, ready to clap it on if necessary, and went forward at a -dog-trot.</p> - -<p>The villages in this part of the country were so close together that I -seemed hardly to leave one before I saw the lights of another. I was -evidently on the highway, however, and, strange to say, I met but a few -country people walking. They looked at me rather curiously, but did not -speak. Thus I had traversed some twelve miles or more before midnight, -and as there was a town of some size in the distance, judging by the -lights and the sounds of two separate sets of chimes striking the hour, -I determined to find some place where I could rest and think over the -situation.</p> - -<p>At first glance I might pass for one of his Majesty's officers, perhaps, -but I could not stand an investigation without discovery. Yet I did not -despair, for I was young, and youth builds to suit its fancy. But -leg-weariness began to tell on me, and crawling in behind a hedge, I -rolled myself in a cloak, and must have fallen to dreaming on the -instant, for I began to go over the events of the last two days, and -from them my mind strayed back into the past; and among other things, of -course, thoughts of Mary Tanner came into my head and drove out all -else.</p> - -<p>It seemed to me that again I was in a little garden under the shadow of -a rose-bush. I could recall Mary's arch smile and the sideway glance of -her eye. The imaginary conversation we held continued at great length, -and then the scene changed to the sea, and I was the Captain of a ship, -sailing, with a fair wind, to some country whose name I could not place, -but I knew that there Mary was waiting for me.</p> - -<p>All at once I awoke and found myself with one hand in the breast of my -brilliant red coat, grasping a little leather bag that was strung around -my neck with a thong, containing all that I knew of that I could claim -in the way of earthly possessions. These consisted of one of the De -Brienne buttons, a single gold piece with the head of King Louis on it, -and a package of dried rose leaves twisted into a small bit of paper.</p> - -<p>It was gray dawn; cocks were crowing, and the bleating of sheep sounded -from near by. With wonderful swiftness the light spread, and soon I -could see my surroundings. The road was but a stone's-throw away, and I -pushed through the hedge and found myself standing there not knowing -which way to turn; in fact, I feared it would make little matter which -choice I made—north, east, south, or west. I saw nothing but ultimate -recapture before me. "No matter what happens, I shall have a yarn to -spin," I said, grimly, to myself, as I stretched my stiffened legs and -rubbed my cold hands together to start my chilled blood going.</p> - -<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_292" id="Page_292">[Pg 292]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="THE_OLD_DAYS_OF_CLIPPER-SHIPS" id="THE_OLD_DAYS_OF_CLIPPER-SHIPS">THE OLD DAYS OF CLIPPER-SHIPS.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY DUNCAN McLEAN.</h3> - -<p>During the great wars of Napoleon the mercantile shipping of the world -was much deranged, but at the peace of 1815 it began to revive. New York -organized splendid lines of packets, ranging from 500 to 1000 tons, and -these had the most of the passenger trade with Europe, principally with -Liverpool, London, and Havre. Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode -Island, and Connecticut built many smaller vessels, which traded with -all parts of the world, and which at the same time carried on an -extensive coasting and fishing business, and were manned almost -exclusively by American seamen.</p> - -<p>As trade increased, ships were built faster than trained seamen could be -found to man them. This brought seamen from Europe, and in a few years -our shipping, excepting the officers, was manned by foreigners. Many -ship-builders of New England were also farmers, who made both -occupations pay. Although the size of our ships has been increased, and -their models have been improved, there has been no improvement in their -materials or in the style of their construction. As a rule, they were -built of the best seasoned white oak, copper-fastened, coppered, and -through treenailed, and they lasted longer than the best built ships of -thirty years ago. They were certainly far more seaworthy than the best -wooden ships of to-day. These, then, were the vessels which in so short -a time became the subject of remark all over the world. The term clipper -was first applied to schooners built at Baltimore (Maryland), designed -to trade with South America, Africa, the Mediterranean, and the West -Indies. They ranged in size from two hundred tons down to pilot-boats of -fifty tons, were sharp at the ends and sharp on the bottoms or floors, -and had raking masts. In time they became notorious as slave-traders and -pirates, and during the last war with Great Britain were successful -privateers. They were first upon the world of waters for speed and -weatherly qualities. The "long low black schooner" so often mentioned in -exciting sea-stories as a pirate was a clipper.</p> - -<p>The late Captain R. B. Forbes, his father, mother, and two brothers, -embarked on board the <i>Orders in Council</i> at Bordeaux (France), in 1813, -bound for the United States. She was one of a numerous fleet of -Baltimore and New York clippers, armed with six nine-pounders, and had a -crew of about twenty all told. Shortly after leaving port she was chased -by three British cutters, sloop-rigged, and outsailed them, but the wind -died away. The boats of the three cutters towed the <i>Wellington</i>, the -nearest, within range, and a fight ensued, which lasted over an hour, -when a breeze sprang up, and the <i>Orders in Council</i> soon showed her -clipperly speed. A parting shot cut the cutter's peak-halyards away, and -before they could be replaced the American had escaped. War was then in -progress between the United States and Great Britain. During the war of -1812-14 American clipper-privateers captured over one thousand British -merchantmen.</p> - -<p>The same year, Sir Walter Scott, the author of <i>Waverley</i>, while -returning in a cutter along the west coast of Scotland from a cruise -among the Shetland and Orkney islands, was chased by an American -privateer, and barely escaped capture. The result of this cruise was the -production of <i>The Pirate</i>, one of the best of his many delightful -books.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 337px;"> -<img src="images/ill_010.jpg" width="337" height="450" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE GREAT RACE ROUND CAPE HORN.</span> -</div> - -<p>Among the many great results of the discovery of gold in California in -1849, none were more interesting than the clippers which were built in a -few years to perform the carrying trade to the new El Dorado. Rapidly as -the population increased, it hardly kept pace with the means to furnish -supplies, notwithstanding the distance and the tempestuous nature of the -sea they had to be carried over. Month after month ships surpassing in -beauty and strength all that the world had before produced were built -and equipped by private enterprise, to form the means of communication -with the new land of promise. The most eminent ship-builders and -enterprising merchants vied with one another to lead in the great race -round Cape Horn. The common rules which had for years circumscribed -mechanical<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_293" id="Page_293">[Pg 293]</a></span> skill to a certain class of models were abandoned, and the -ship-owner contracted only for speed and strength. Ships varying in size -from 1000 to 3000 tons were soon built and sent to sea, and their -wonderful performances, instead of satisfying, increased the demand to -excel. The ship <i>Flying Cloud</i>, of 1700 tons, commanded by Captain -Creesy, made the passage from New York to San Francisco in 89 days and 4 -hours. Such results would have satisfied most men that they had at last -produced a model that would defy competition, but such was not the -conclusion of Mr. Donald McKay, who built her and several other -successful clippers. He consulted their captains about wherein they had -failed to come up to his designs. Like a proof-reader, he only desired -to detect their errors. The floor, or bottom, of the <i>Flying Cloud</i> -represented the letter V. The next ship he designed was made to -represent the letter U. This gave her more capacity and increased -stability.</p> - -<p>He built the <i>Sovereign of the Seas</i>, of 2400 tons, on his own account. -Although she did not make as short a passage from New York to San -Francisco as the <i>Flying Cloud</i>, yet she beat the swiftest of the entire -fleet, which sailed about the same time, 7 days. In 24 consecutive hours -she ran 430 geographical miles, 56 more than the greatest run of the -<i>Flying Cloud</i>, and in 10 consecutive days she ran, by observation, 3144 -miles. In eleven months her gross earnings amounted to $200,000.</p> - -<p>The following were the passages made from New York to San Francisco by -the clippers:</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="center">Tons.</td><td align="center">Passage.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Flying Cloud</td><td align="right">1700</td><td align="right">89 days.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Flying-Fish</td><td align="right">1600</td><td align="right">92 days.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Sovereign of the Seas</td><td align="right">2400</td><td align="right">103 days.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Bald Eagle</td><td align="right">1600</td><td align="right">107 days.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Empress of the Sea</td><td align="right">2250</td><td align="right">118 days.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Staghound</td><td align="right">1550</td><td align="right">112 days.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p>The following sailed from Boston to San Francisco:</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="center">Tons.</td><td align="center">Passage.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Westward Ho</td><td align="right">1700</td><td align="right">107 days.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Staffordshire</td><td align="right">1950</td><td align="right">101 days.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p>Mr. McKay built the <i>Great Republic</i>, of 4550 tons, with four decks; but -she was partly burned in New York in 1853, and when repaired the fourth -deck was taken off. She sailed several voyages between New York and San -Francisco, and was never beaten. During the Crimean war she was hired as -a transport by the French government, and with a leading whole-sail -breeze not a steamer, far less a sailing-vessel, could keep alongside of -her.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> -<img src="images/ill_011.jpg" width="600" height="499" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">SHOWING DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE LINES OF THE OLD SHIPS AND -THE NEW CLIPPERS.</span> -</div> - -<p>The last great ship designed and built by Mr. McKay was the <i>Glory of -the Seas</i>, of 2009 tons. She was a combination of the clipper and the -New York packet-ship, designed to carry a large cargo, to sail fast, and -to work like a pilot-boat. She was 240 feet 2 inches long, had 44 feet -extreme breadth of beam, and was 28 feet deep, with three decks. Captain -Tom Chatfield, who commanded her several voyages, speaks of her as the -grandest vessel he ever knew. She is still afloat, and hails from San -Francisco. At one time she was owned by J. Henry Sears & Co., well known -as eminent merchants of Boston.</p> - -<p>Captain Waterman, in command of the clipper-ship <i>Sea Witch</i>, made some -of the quickest passages on record between New York and China. His last -command afloat was in the ship <i>Challenge</i>, which he took from New York -to San Francisco. Captain Philip Dumaresq, of Boston, who last sailed in -the ship <i>Florence</i> in the China trade with New York, ranked high during -his whole service<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_294" id="Page_294">[Pg 294]</a></span> afloat. At sea he never took his clothes off to turn -in at night, that he might always be on hand to spring on deck. The -quickest passage on record from Shanghai (China) to New York was made in -the ship <i>Swordfish</i> by Captain Crocker. Though becalmed a week on the -equator, he made the run in 84 days, and beat the overland mail from -India a week. It was stated in a San Francisco paper that the <i>Young -America</i> made the passage from New York in less time than the <i>Flying -Cloud</i>, but it was not confirmed. One hundred days was considered quick -time for an outward passage. The ship <i>Northern Light</i> made the passage -from San Francisco to Boston in 76 days. She was in ballast, and had -fair winds all the way.</p> - -<p>To show the rapidity with which clippers were built, the ship <i>John -Bertram</i>, of 1080 tons, was launched six weeks from the time her keel -was laid, and in two weeks more was on her way from Boston for San -Francisco with 1500 tons of cargo on board. When she was launched, her -builder, Mr. Robert E. Jackson, fell overboard; her owner, Captain -William T. Glidden, plunged after him, without even taking off his coat, -and saved him. Old sailors predicted that she would be unlucky, yet she -kept afloat thirty years afterward, and cleared her original cost a -dozen times.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_012.jpg" width="400" height="318" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">A CLIPPER-BRIGANTINE.</span> -</div> - -<p>In 1855 there were 268 ships of an average of 1200 tons each under our -flag, and most of them were clippers. In addition to these there were -many barks, brigs, and schooners remarkable for beauty of model and -famous for speed. From 1849 to the breaking out of the civil war we had -the cream of the carrying trade of the world. After that our shipping -declined rapidly; many of our famous clippers were sold to avoid -capture. Steam navigation has superseded sails in the China and -Mediterranean trade, and to-day there are not a dozen clipper-ships left -under our flag.</p> - -<p>When gold was discovered in Australia, the British purchased many of our -fine clippers, which were very successful in their passages. The -emigrants from British ports soon preferred them to their own vessels, -on account of their spacious between-decks and high rate of speed. We -also shared largely in the trade, and for several years kept regular -lines of swift ships, laden with American goods, which found a ready -market in Melbourne. After the adaptation of iron to ship-building, the -British copied our clipper lines for most of their new sailing-vessels, -and now compete successfully with us in carrying heavy cargoes. Iron -ships have the preference in carrying grain from San Francisco to -Europe.</p> - -<p>In 1813 a vessel from China received a pilot off Cape Cod in a fog, and -kept close inshore to avoid two British frigates which were in the bay. -When off Plymouth the fog lifted and revealed the frigates about two -miles distant, which instantly made all sail in chase. It was only -half-flood, and the pilot was afraid that there was not water enough to -run in; but he took the chances and succeeded, though both vessels -opened fire upon him. Fortunately there was a company of militia on hand -with a field-piece, which protected the ship against the boats that were -despatched to cut her out. All the men of the place turned out and soon -landed her cargo, composed of teas and silks, and then stripped the ship -to her lower masts, apprehensive that the boats might make a night -attack on her. But they did not.</p> - -<p>William Gray, a rich ship-owner, had a clipper-bark which had been -knocking about in the West Indies in search of freight. A vessel laden -with sugar put into St. Thomas in distress, and sold her cargo, which -the American purchased as a venture. She ran the blockade, and Mr. Gray -was the first to board her. "Captain," he said, nervously, "I see you're -very deep; what have you got in?" "Sugar," was the brief reply, -"purchased on the ship's account." He felt that he had made no mistake, -especially as Mr. Gray threw his hat in the air before he responded. -Picking up his hat, Mr. Gray faced the Captain with a pleasant smile, -and said, "It's just our luck, Captain; you have not only saved your -ship, but this day there are not fifty boxes of sugar in all Boston, and -prices are sky-high."</p> - -<p>Early in the century Salem had some swift vessels engaged in the East -India and China trade, but these have mostly disappeared.</p> - -<p>Although large clipper-ships have mostly disappeared, we have many fine -clipper-schooners engaged in fishing, which are unequalled for speed and -weatherly qualities by the fishermen of all other nations. Change is the -order of the day in shipping, as well as in most other things. The -navies of the world have been changed three times during the past fifty -years. The huge wooden ships of the line and frigates were displaced by -the application of steam, and these have been superseded by iron and -steel; and the end is not yet, for inventors assert that electricity -will be the motive power on the ocean as well as on the land.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="WITH_THE_THANKS_OF_THE_WAR_DEPARTMENT" id="WITH_THE_THANKS_OF_THE_WAR_DEPARTMENT">WITH THE THANKS OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY WILLIAM DRYSDALE.</h3> - -<p>"Yes, the boy is in a bad way," Dr. Murray said, with his fingers on -Frank's pulse; "a very bad way. This is a serious case. Why not let me -take him out to Tortugas? We have plenty of fresh air there, and I -should like to have him with me."</p> - -<p>"To Tortugas?" Mrs. Bethel exclaimed. "To the quarantine station? Why, -you are liable to have yellow fever cases there any day! Oh, doctor, I -never could let him go out there!"</p> - -<p>"Do you think I would take him into any danger?" the doctor laughed. "It -is much safer there than in Key West. Our quarters are in the great -fort, but the pest-house is on Bird Key, half a mile away. I do not know -of any place in the far South that has as good a summer climate, for the -wind strikes us on every side, as we are seventy miles from land. And as -to danger—pshaw!"</p> - -<p>With Frank eager to go and his mother anxious to have his health -improved, there was not much doubt that in the end the doctor's -invitation would be accepted. That was the way it turned out, and when -the doctor's steam-launch started from the naval depot wharf two days -later, Frank was in the little cabin with the doctor, and his trunk was -stowed away somewhere up forward.</p> - -<p>"Now for a quick run to 'Tugas, let us hope!" the doctor exclaimed, as -the launch began to cut through the clear water of Key West Harbor. -"Eight-thirty; we ought to be there by four-thirty this evening, unless -the weather changes. We can't risk any rough seas in this launch, you -know. If a storm should come up, we'd have to take refuge on one of the -four or five keys between here and 'Tugas. Do you know that Fort -Jefferson is the hardest place in the United States for a traveller to -reach, Frank, unless he has a government boat to travel in?"</p> - -<p>The Gulf was as smooth as a pond, as it often is in summer, and every -minute Frank could see fish darting through the transparent water, and -great turtles and sea-fans and brain-stones on the bottom. He was as -much excited over it as if he had been starting for China.</p> - -<p>"There's something ahead," he exclaimed, about the middle of the -afternoon, "that I should say was a city growing right out of the water -if I didn't know that it must be the great fort. But there can hardly be -any fort as big as that. Is that really it, doctor?"</p> - -<p>"That is really the fort," the doctor answered, "and I think we will be -there now inside of an hour."</p> - -<p>"But it seems to stand right in the water!" Frank exclaimed. "I don't -see any land around it at all!"</p> - -<p>"It would take good eyes to see any land around it," the doctor replied, -with a twinkle in his own eyes. "You see, the island was only five acres -in extent, and they built a fort covering seven acres, so the -foundations were laid right out in the water."</p> - -<p>When they were near enough to see plainly, Frank did not try to conceal -his delight.</p> - -<p>"What an immense building!" he exclaimed. "I never imagined there was -such a big building in the world. No wonder it cost thirty millions! And -there are roofs and chimneys inside the walls, and palm-trees waving -over the top. I didn't know they had chimneys on a fort, doctor, and -palm-trees?"</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_295" id="Page_295">[Pg 295]</a></span></p> - -<p>"They do in this one," the doctor laughed. "The roofs and chimneys -belong to the officers' quarters and barracks, and the palm-trees have -been growing ever since the fort was dismantled, thirty years ago."</p> - -<p>Once inside the great walls, they were in a large yard grown up with -palms and bushes; and crossing this, they entered the officers' -quarters, where Dr. Murray had his office and living-rooms. Such big -rooms, too, with great open fireplaces, and broad halls with iron -staircases.</p> - -<p>"Now make yourself at home, Frank," the doctor told him. "The whole -place is open to you, and you can go anywhere you like."</p> - -<p>For an hour or more he wandered alone among the open casemates, dodging -around conical piles of cannon-balls, patting the immense but -long-silent columbiads. Then the doctor joined him for a short time -before dinner in the vaulted casemates.</p> - -<p>"There are so many rusty machines here, doctor!" Frank exclaimed. "This -looks like a little furnace. What do you suppose it was for?"</p> - -<p>"That was for heating cannon-balls," the doctor answered, "so that they -could fire hot shot into a hostile ship."</p> - -<p>"And this thing looks like an oven big enough to supply a city."</p> - -<p>"It is an oven," the doctor explained. "This is the fort's oven. You -know at one time there were nearly three thousand people here, prisoners -and garrison, and all their bread was baked in this brick oven. That is -the reason it is almost as big as a house."</p> - -<p>"And this great machine in the bastion?" Frank asked. "It looks -something like a steam-engine; but it is rusty enough to fall to -pieces."</p> - -<p>"Ah, I am glad you reminded me of that!" the doctor explained. "I must -caution you about the water-tanks. That big machine is a condenser, -Frank. So many people required not only a great deal of bread, but a -great deal of water, too, and no fresh water is to be had out of this -coral rock. So this big condenser was put up. It pumped water out of the -Gulf and converted it into steam, and when the steam condensed into -water again the water was fresh. This old machine used to run day and -night at one time.</p> - -<p>"Then," the doctor went on, "they had to have places to store the water, -of course. For that purpose they built a system of water-tanks under the -entire fort. Under every one of these lower casemates there is a great -stone tank twenty or thirty feet square and ten or twelve feet deep; and -they are all connected, so that now when they are not full you could go -under the whole fort through the tanks. I suppose there is not another -series of water-tanks like them in the whole country. They have not been -used for years, but a little rain-water still flows in from the roofs, -so that the water is always two or three feet deep in them. It is a -dark, slimy place down in the tanks.</p> - -<p>"And that is what I want to caution you about," he continued. "You see -in the stone floor of every one of these lower casemates there is a trap -about two and a half feet square, covered with a square stone with an -iron ring in the centre. Those traps lead down to the tanks. Sometimes -one of the covers is lifted and is carelessly left off. I want you to be -very careful about them if you come into the casemates at night, for it -would be an ugly thing to tumble into the tanks. Here, I will lift this -cover and let you look down."</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 392px;"> -<img src="images/ill_013.jpg" width="392" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">"UGH!" FRANK EXCLAIMED; "WHAT A GHOSTLY PLACE!"</span> -</div> - -<p>"Ugh!" Frank exclaimed, drawing back from the black hole. "What a -ghostly place! I suppose that stagnant water is full of all sorts of -creatures, too!"</p> - -<p>The dinner bell called them back to their quarters, and Frank found that -the quarantine establishment comprised about eighteen persons, including -the doctors and nurses, engineers, boatmen, and laborers; and these, -with the ordnance sergeant and the light-house-keeper, were the sole -inhabitants of the big fort.</p> - -<p>After dinner the doctor was busy, but Frank went out alone into the soft -moonlight to enjoy the cool evening breeze. He soon made the -acquaintance of the ordnance sergeant, and together they climbed the -solid stone stairs in one of the bastions up to the upper casemates.</p> - -<p>"Why, this is like fairy-land, if there is such a place!" Frank -exclaimed. "Just see the moonshine through the long rows of brick -arches! What a tre<i>men</i>dous big place! And the water looks like silver -outside, and in the enclosure everything is dark green."</p> - -<p>"This is only one section of the fort that you see," the sergeant said, -smiling at Frank's enthusiasm. "There are six sections just like this. -To-morrow I will take you up on the parapets. You can almost see Cuba -from there, but not quite."</p> - -<p>"And to think that three thousand people once lived on this little -island!" Frank exclaimed. "They must have been packed pretty thickly in -these casemates."</p> - -<p>For days Frank spent all his spare time in wandering about the great -fort, sometimes alone, and sometimes with the doctor or sergeant. There -were so many queer things to see! And everything was so solid and -warlike! And every evening while the moon lasted he climbed to the upper -casemates to enjoy the silvery water and the cool breeze.</p> - -<p>But after a while the moon disappeared and the nights became dark. Then -he moved about with caution, for the bushes in the enclosure tripped -him, and the vastness and silence of the great place awed him. Late one -evening, after he had said good-night to the ordnance sergeant and was -thinking of going to bed, the notion occurred to him:</p> - -<p>"How terrible it must have been to be shut up for months in one of those -lower casemates, with only a big columbiad and a pile of shells for -company! It makes a fellow shiver just to think of it!"</p> - -<p>"Pshaw!" he exclaimed, a moment later. "I don't like this being scared -at a shadow. I'm going over to some of those cells this minute, just to -punish myself. I know every inch of the way now, and can easily find -them in the dark."</p> - -<p>He started across the enclosure, picking his way carefully among the -bushes. The long grass tripped him, but he persevered. Once he ran plump -against something tall and hard, and after feeling it with his hand he -knew just where he was, for it was the tombstone of Major Smith, who -died in the fort of yellow fever in 1867, and was buried on the spot. -That made his flesh creep just a little bit, but he kept on. After he -reached the sally-port, which always stood wide open, he turned to the -right, dodging piles of solid shot, a fallen partition, and an old -steam-engine. In a minute more he was in front of the casemate he -wanted—not the casemate which he had stood in so many times already to -look out upon the sea, but a particularly gloomy one he remembered. He -stepped into the casemate, about two feet higher than the ground, and -the thick darkness staggered him for a moment. But he would not back out -now. Slowly he groped his way across the stone floor.</p> - -<p>Crash! In a second he saw a thousand stars shooting, and like a flash he -thought he realized that some one had struck him a blow on the head.</p> - -<p>"Help! help! help!" he shouted. "Murder! help! help!"</p> - -<p>He put up a hand to ward off a second blow, and found that it was -dripping wet. Blood, perhaps! Something was trickling down his face. -Maybe that was blood too! He was dripping all over. He tried to run, but -he could not, for something held his feet. He was standing in water -above his knees!</p> - -<p>Then he realized his terrible situation. Somebody had uncovered the trap -in the casemate and left it open, and he had fallen into the tank. He -was down in that horrible, black, slimy pit. Perhaps he had struck his -head in falling, but the water had broken the fall.</p> - -<p>"Help! help!" he cried, when this dawned upon him. But he soon stopped -that. All the men, he knew, were on the opposite side of the fort, and -probably all in bed. There was not the faintest hope of making any one -hear if he shouted all night. To climb out was impossible, for the hole -was six feet above his head, in the middle of the ceiling. He was doomed -to spend the night in that dreadful place, and in the morning he might -hope to attract attention.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_296" id="Page_296">[Pg 296]</a></span></p> - -<p>How long he stood there, shivering with the damp chill and with terror, -he does not know. It was long enough, at any rate, to make him fear that -he might lose his senses before morning, and fall and be drowned in the -slimy black water. Perhaps older fellows than Frank would have shivered -with fear in that awful black vault.</p> - -<p>He had pulled himself together enough to try to dry his upper clothes, -when he was startled by a slight noise overhead. Yes, he was sure he -heard a noise; and the next moment he heard a voice. Ah! surely a human -voice never sounded so sweet before! He had his mouth ready to cry out -for help, when he caught a word or two that made him pause to listen.</p> - -<p>"I tell you I'll wait no longer," the voice said. "They're all in bed -before this, and we're going to work. Come on."</p> - -<p>Frank was familiar with all the voices in the fort, but this was a -strange voice. Evidently strangers had landed; but what could they mean -by going to work at night?</p> - -<p>He still waited to listen, but instead of more words he heard the tread -of feet overhead. Could they be going away? Whoever the men were, he -must have help, and he would have called out in a second more if— Hark! -There was a grating on the stones above, then a glimmer of light, as if -from a lantern. Then another strange thing happened. By the dim light he -saw the end of a ladder come down through the trap—not the trap over -his head, but two casemates further down, nearer the sally-port.</p> - -<p>By the same dim light Frank saw that the tanks were connected by broad -brick arches, through which the water flowed from one to another. The -ladder was let all the way down, and down it came four men, one after -another, one carrying the lantern, all carrying hammers and saws, and -all strangers. Frank was so surprised that he could do nothing but stand -still and watch. There was no danger of his being seen, for he was in -the deep gloom; but he could see every move the men made, as they -carried the light.</p> - -<p>The men seemed to know the ground thoroughly, for they waded off through -the water without hesitation, going in the opposite direction from -Frank. Through two of the brick arches they went, then up to the front -wall of the tank, and began to use their hammers and saws briskly.</p> - -<p>Frank saw that the wall was covered with a perfect maze of pipes, both -iron and lead, and that made it all plain to him. These men were -thieves, and they were cutting away the lead pipes to steal them. -Perhaps the strange situation sharpened his wits. At any rate, Frank saw -that the men were all absorbed in their work two casemates beyond the -ladder, and without waiting a moment longer he waded silently but -swiftly down to the foot of the ladder, flew up its rounds like an -athlete, and drew the ladder up after him. That left the thieves -securely trapped in the tanks. The stars were shining brightly now, and -half wild with joy at his release Frank rushed across the enclosure.</p> - -<p>"Help! help! help!" he shouted again. "Thieves! thieves!"</p> - -<p>His friends could hear him plainly enough now that he was outside; and -when Frank told his story they made short work of capturing the burglars -and taking possession of their sloop that waited by the wharf.</p> - -<p>"Those fellows have been here before," the men reported who were sent -down into the tanks: "they have cut away miles of lead pipe."</p> - -<p>The doctor saw that Frank was nearly used up with the excitement, and -insisted upon his having a cup of hot coffee and going to bed.</p> - -<p>"You have made an important discovery," he said, "and the War Department -ought to have something to say to you for it. Those fellows must have -taken hundreds of dollars' worth of pipes, and I think we can recover -them. I shall make a report to the Department, of course."</p> - -<p>It was not long before nearly $1600 worth of lead pipes were recovered -in Key West, where they had been taken; and when Frank went home late in -the fall, as strong and brown as any mother could ask to see her son, he -found a big letter waiting for him, without any stamps on the envelope, -but printed in the corner, "War Department, Adjutant-General's Office. -Official business."</p> - -<p>"Mr. Frank Bethel," the letter said:</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>"<span class="smcap">Dear Sir</span>,—The Secretary of War has learned from Dr. R. D. Murray, -and from other official sources, of the recovery, through your -efforts, of a large amount of government property stolen from Fort -Jefferson.</p> - -<p>"I am therefore directed to forward you the enclosed check for one -hundred dollars, with the thanks of the War Department. -Respectfully yours,</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;">"<span class="smcap">J. W. Armstrong</span>, Chief Clerk."</span><br /> -</p> - -<p>"Phew!" Frank exclaimed. "I'm glad the War Department don't know how -scared I was down in those tanks!"</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_297" id="Page_297">[Pg 297]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT" id="INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT"></a> -<img src="images/ill_014.jpg" width="600" height="118" alt="INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT" /> -</div> - -<p>The interest in golf among the schools of the country seems to be -growing rapidly, and at a number of the large out-of-town schools, as -has already been told in this Department, courses have been laid out, -and tournaments have been held, notably at St. Paul's School, Concord, -Hotchkiss School, Lakeville, and at Lawrenceville.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 258px;"> -<img src="images/ill_015.jpg" width="258" height="350" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">BERKELEY SCHOOL GOLF CUP.</span> -</div> - -<p>The first scholastic tournament to be held in New York was that played -by the students of Berkeley on Election day. The competition was medal -play for a cup offered by Dr. White, the winner to receive an individual -cup in addition to having his name engraved on the championship cup, -which is to remain in the possession of the School Athletic Association.</p> - -<p>Great interest was taken in this tournament, and although H. M. Bowers, -one of the best golfers in school, was unable to take part, the -competition brought out some good play. The tournament was held at the -Van Cortlandt Park links, and there were fifteen entries. Studwell won -by an easy margin of seven strokes over Granbery, who came in second. -Summary of the match: G. Stuart Studwell, Jun., out, 63; in, 60—total, -123. E. Carleton Granbery, out, 73; in, 57—total, 130. Theodore R. -Pell, out, 67; in, 66—total, 133. Cornelius S. Pinkney, out, 76; in, -64—total, 140.</p> - -<p>The last three holes on the Van Cortlandt course are long ones, the -equivalent in distance to the total of the first six, the distance -between the eighth and ninth holes being nearly half a mile. Thus a -score of 60 on this course at Van Cortlandt Park would seem to be about -as good as 50 on an ordinary course where the holes are shorter.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_016.jpg" width="500" height="228" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE VAN CORTLANDT PARK GOLF COURSE.—THE THIRD HOLE.</span> -</div> - -<p>The Van Cortlandt Park course has only recently been opened to the -public, but doubtless it will soon become one of the most popular in the -neighborhood of the city. The first hole is an open one, and may very -well be made in three strokes. There are two obstacles before the second -hole, a stone wall and a brook, but a long drive ought to clear both of -these. A skilful player can make this hole in three, but the ordinary -player will doubtless require four strokes, by reason of falling short -of the stone wall.</p> - -<p>There is a bunker that even the unskilful player should be able to drive -over toward the third hole. On the way to the fourth there is another -stone wall, just beyond which is a hazard in the form of a dry -river-bed. The third stone wall lies on the road to the fifth hole, and -ought to be cleared with the second shot. It is unadvisable to attempt -to drive over it, unless one is particularly skilful.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_017.jpg" width="500" height="265" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE VAN CORTLANDT PARK GOLF COURSE.—A TYPICAL -HAZARD.</span> -</div> - -<p>The sixth hole is a very short one. It starts with an easy hazard, a -little ditch not more than ten yards from the tee, which anybody but the -most inexperienced should be able to drive over safely. The return trip -consists of only three holes, but they are all harder than any of the -preceding. There is long grass, and the railroad track along the right -of the first two, and then the shore of a pond as a boundary for the -ninth. Therefore any swaying to the right will prove expensive; to the -left the ground is level and safe.</p> - -<p>The seventh hole might be called an open one, except for the low stone -wall that runs through it, and a dirt bunker at a good distance this -side of the putting-green. Both these obstacles, however, are placed<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_298" id="Page_298">[Pg 298]</a></span> so -as only to penalize the very poor player. Toward the eighth hole one -meets two more bunkers, that ought also to be easily handled by a fairly -experienced player. Thereafter comes what is said to be the longest hole -in the United States, the distance being 700 yards. The turf is fairly -clear, and crossed by two stone walls, and broken by a dirt bunker. It -is possible to clear the first stone wall on the drive, and a brassey -shot will bring the ball nearer the second. It is proposed to shorten -this last hole at an early date, and to lengthen the eighth to about 580 -yards, making the two thus more nearly equal. As it is, the ninth hole -is an unsatisfactory one to play.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"> -<img src="images/ill_018.jpg" width="700" height="155" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE VAN CORTLANDT PARK GOLF LINKS.</span> -</div> - -<p>The trouble about crossing the next hazard is the danger of swinging to -the right and going into the tall grass, or even into the pond. Then -comes the bunker, and after that the course is clear. I am told that the -best record for this hole is 7, which is remarkably good. It is also -said that the best amateur record over this course is 42, but there is -nothing to show that this is a fact. Studwell's best figure was made in -the second round,—60; but Granbery made it in 57, making the record for -that tournament.</p> - -<p>The rules adopted by the Milwaukee schools to govern interscholastic -sport are in some respects severe, but it is very probable that the -condition of affairs necessitated this stringency. Many of the students -are complaining that the 70-per-cent. standard in scholarship required -of all those who wish to take part in athletics is too high, and it is -very probable that next year this figure will be somewhat reduced. It -will not do any harm, however, for a short time, to bring things around -with a sharp turn, and to make high scholarship a condition of -participation in sport.</p> - -<p>In looking over these new rules there are some which strike one as -somewhat peculiar. For instance, it is specified that nobody shall play -under an assumed name. That it has been necessary to insert such a -regulation proves conclusively that amateur sport must have fallen to a -pretty low ebb if boys would enter contests under names not their own. -But we know that this is done, and that it was shamefully done, by a -number of football-players in Chicago this last fall.</p> - -<p>One of the new Milwaukee rules provides that "the principal of the -school, or persons authorized by him, shall be the manager or managers -of the teams representing the school." This is not a desirable change. -It is always best for schoolboys to manage their own sports, and if it -is found that they cannot or will not manage them properly and honestly -and in a sportsmanlike manner, then it is time for older heads to take a -hand in the proceedings. But even then it is not advisable to have head -masters as managers.</p> - -<p>It is far better to let graduates of the school act as an advisory -board, and to empower graduates with sufficient power to control the -actions of the undergraduate managers. It is hardly possible to find any -school principal who can understand and be in thorough sympathy with the -boys in their athletics. A schoolmaster is bound to look at things from -a different point of view from his pupils, and he would naturally try to -reach an end, doubtless for good, in an entirely different way from that -which will appeal to the students.</p> - -<p>On the other hand, graduates of the school, who are no longer affected -by the influences of active personal competition in sport, can better -understand the methods and feelings of the students and the requirements -of school athletics. They are closer to the boys than the professor can -possibly be, and they naturally inspire more confidence in the younger -men, because the latter feel that these graduates have a livelier -personal interest in sport itself than an older man can have, who has -probably never participated in any of these games. Furthermore, a number -of these graduates, who might be called upon as advisers, are probably -in college or have been through college, and have there acquired much -valuable experience in the conduct and management of athletics of all -kinds.</p> - -<p>One of the chief elements to do away with in the management of sports, -especially where reforms are being undertaken, is friction; and there is -bound to be more or less friction between head master and pupils, -because their chief relations are so entirely different from the new -ones that are being inaugurated through athletics.</p> - -<p>Among other suggestions proposed at the time these rules were adopted at -the Milwaukee schools was one that certain changes be made in the -football-playing rules. Fortunately, however, there was enough good -sense in the committee to overcome this proposition, and it was decided<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_299" id="Page_299">[Pg 299]</a></span> -that the intercollegiate football rules were plenty good enough for -Milwaukee.</p> - -<p>A new departure in interscholastic sport is to be made by the East Side -High-School of Milwaukee this spring. It intends to put a crew on the -water. A number of men are already in training, and a racing-shell has -been secured. If an eight is eventually turned out, it will be the first -crew that ever represented a high-school in the West, and, so far as I -know, the first that ever represented any high-school in this country.</p> - -<p>No particular progress has been made so far in the arrangements for the -Knickerbocker in-door games. It is probable that there will be a -relay-race for "juniors," which is an absurd and unnecessary event, as -most of these "junior" events are. If a boy is too young to compete in -the regular events at an athletic meeting, he is too young to go into -active competition at all, and it will do him more harm than good to -train at that age. I hope to see the day when these "junior" events will -be entirely done away with, and when boys under sixteen years of age -will be discouraged from competition with older lads. These youngsters -have plenty of time ahead of them, and their constitutions will be much -the better for it if they postpone athletic work until their muscles are -better able to stand the exertion.</p> - -<p>A very good change that is to be inaugurated at these games is the -adoption of the regulation high hurdles—3 ft. 6 in.—instead of the -dwarfed obstacles that the New York I.S.A.A. has hitherto favored.</p> - -<p>It is reported that the Harvard School will apply for readmission to the -New York Interscholastic League this spring. It is to be hoped that -there will be no opposition to this request, for it would be unjust to -keep a body of young men from participation in interscholastic sport -because of the mistakes of some misguided youths who attended the school -before they did, and for whose actions they should never, of course, be -held responsible.</p> - -<p>Just as we are about to go to press I am informed that the Connecticut -Interscholastic Association has decided not to divide up the $400 -surplus remaining in the treasury after the football season. The -officers of that Association are to be congratulated upon this action. -They will no doubt eventually realize that they have done much for the -good of amateur sport in Connecticut by keeping the money question as -far away as possible from athletic competition.</p> - -<p>The Interscholastic skating-races held at the St. Nicholas Rink last -week were contested at too late a day to allow of proper comment in this -issue of the <span class="smcap">Round Table</span>. Mention of them, therefore, will be reserved -until next week.</p> - -<p>Ice polo has begun to be played among the Boston schools, the first game -of the season having been held in the last week of December. There were -several matches on the 21st of that month, Stoneham High defeating -Wakefield High, 1-0, English High First defeating English High Second, -2-1, and Somerville High defeating Medford High, 5-0.</p> - -<p>A few days later Arlington High met Cambridge High and Latin, and took -them into camp, 2-1. Arlington's team-work was far superior to that of -the Cambridge men, and although the latter tried all sorts of changes in -their team, they were unable to withstand the fierce rushes of their -opponents. The same afternoon, on Spy Pond, Arlington met Winchester -High, and scored another victory, 3-0.</p> - -<p>This Arlington H.-S. team is undoubtedly a very strong one, and is -putting up good polo this winter. On January 3 they met Cambridge Latin, -and defeated them, 6-0. Arlington's especially strong point is in -passing.</p> - -<p>A very unsportsmanlike dispute has arisen between two schools of the -Worcester County South Football Association. Both the North Brookfield -H.-S. and the Southbridge H.-S. claim the championship of the League in -football, and so eager is each to write the word "championship" upon its -school banner that each seems to have lost its head in the discussion. -As to which school is entitled to this rather empty honor I am not -prepared to determine, although both parties have laid rather lengthy -arguments before me, but it would seem that North Brookfield has the -better claim.</p> - -<p>A game was played early in the season between these two schools, in -which a member of Southbridge H.-S. acted as referee. His decisions -proved unsatisfactory to the North Brookfield players, and a squabble -ensued. As I understand it, the game was left undecided, with the score -favoring Southbridge. Later it was arranged that a second game should be -played by these two schools. It was played, and North Brookfield won, -4-0.</p> - -<p>If this contest was held to settle the question that arose over the -first game, then the first can have no bearing on the championship, and -the final game alone counts as a championship game. But the defeated -players cannot see it this way, and the result is that both schools are -claiming everything in sight, and their mathematicians are juggling -figures to prove the case. This is one of the evils of the -"championship" system.</p> - -<h4>"TRACK ATHLETICS IN DETAIL."—<span class="smcap">Illustrated.—8vo, Cloth, Ornamental</span>, -$1.25.</h4> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">The Graduate</span>.</span><br /> -</p> -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>ADVERTISEMENTS.</h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_019.jpg" width="400" height="213" alt="ROYAL" /> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 194px;"> -<img src="images/ill_020.jpg" width="194" height="350" alt="ROYAL BAKING POWDER" /> -</div> - -<p>Caring for your health, and studying simple, every-day economy, you will -see to it that no baking powder but the ROYAL enters your kitchen.</p> - -<p>The low-grade, cheap powders contain alum and lime, and injuriously -affect the stomach and kidneys.</p> - -<h4>ROYAL BAKING POWDER CO., NEW YORK.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_300" id="Page_300">[Pg 300]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="QUESTIONS_FOR_YOUNG_MEN" id="QUESTIONS_FOR_YOUNG_MEN">QUESTIONS FOR YOUNG MEN.</a></h2> - -<h3>ON THE USE OF BOOKS.</h3> - -<p>M. Taine, the famous french essayist, once said that a book was only the -overflow of a man's mind; that his mind must be full of thoughts first -before anything could come out on paper, and that after the mind had -been filled to the brim a book overflowed. So that in reading any work -of great merit we must always read between the lines, and see how much -more the author meant to say than he did say, and how much care and -thought and study he must have put into it before it appeared in its -present form. Any one who understands books, therefore, has for them a -wholesome respect that approaches reverence, and you can estimate the -amount of brains a man has by the way he treats his books. If he tosses -them about, if he leaves them lying open, if he turns down the leaves, -you may be sure he uses them but little, and knows less about them and -what they contain. There is many a strong athlete and good fighter who -is as tender as a woman with his books. He loves to have them around, to -sit in the same room with loaded bookshelves, and to turn to them -occasionally. There you will find—in the room of the boy or man who -knows books—copies of this or that book, from the <i>Three Musketeers</i> to -the Bible, pretty well worn, and showing that they are not merely once -read, but that they are companions to whom he turns when he feels blue, -when there is nothing else to do for the moment, when something is -bothering him about which he does not wish to think.</p> - -<p>Another good remark somebody made once is that if you own books you do -not have to read them. That is, if you hear of a certain book, you say, -"I must get that out of the library and read it." If you do so, it is -necessary to read it at once and return it. If you can buy it, you read -what portion satisfies your particular want at the moment, and then -there it stands among your other good friends, always ready, like any -real friend, to serve you at a moment's notice in any way it can. -Indeed, it is a real friend, because it never deserts you, never goes -back on you, never changes, unless somebody borrows it, and that is not -the book's fault. The mere fact that your room is filled with books is a -good kind of influence, for there is something in the mere proximity of -books that makes a chap serious occasionally, and induces him to sit and -ponder once in a while in the midst of his grind, his sport, his daily -work, and his other and less valuable friends at school or college.</p> - -<p>Then, too, in these days, when there are so many hundreds of books a -year and so many millions already published, it is utterly impossible to -try to read, as the old fellows in the later Middle Ages used to, -everything that is published. It is far better to re-read some good -familiar things again and again. They are good books, they are your -especial favorites, and you will seldom fail to find something new in -them each time you read them. It gives you a little idea of how much the -writing of them must have meant to their author if you can read them, -say, twenty times, and still go on finding something you had not -succeeded in discovering in them before.</p> - -<p>Some day you will go to call upon a friend who is perhaps a good deal -older than you are, and finding him in his library, you will walk in and -come upon him standing at his bookshelves, with a volume in his hand. As -he stops reading or examining a book, he will sit down, talking with you -and handling the book carefully, smoothing down its outside cover, or -gently feeling the leaves between his thumb and forefinger. Then, as he -gets up to take down a book to show you, he will gently blow off the -dust from the top, in order that as he opens it no dirt shall go down -between the leaves, there to remain and work ruin like sand-paper. Such -a man understands books and has an affection for them. He may be a busy -merchant; he may be a lawyer; he may be a bookworm; but in all three -cases he is sure to be a refined, educated, more or less scholarly man, -because no one can live in the company of good books long and be -otherwise. It is a good plan for a schoolboy to begin to make his -library at once. Money spent in good books is never wasted, and no -sensible parent will check a reasonable desire for them. At college the -library will increase, and before you know it you will be starting in on -your work of life with one little room in your bachelor apartments or -your family home that is just as good as a teacher—better in many ways.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>A PERSON TO BE AVOIDED.</h3> - -<p>There is one thing that every bicycler needs to look out for more than -for anything else, and that is the bicycle-thief. There is no denying -that he springs up everywhere, and his ingenuity is something to marvel -at. The latest device of these people is somewhat amusingly shown in a -story which comes to us from over the sea. It seems that a well-known -guards Colonel was exhibiting to an admiring group of ladies in -Battersea Park, the other morning, the excellences of a magnificent -bicycle, rumored to have cost an immense sum, when he was courteously -accosted by name by a well-dressed stranger, who ventured to admire the -wonderful machine. The stranger inquired as to the cost, and address of -the makers, and asked if he might mention the Colonel's name when -ordering a similar machine, a request to which the Colonel, who thought -that the stranger might be an acquaintance whose face he had forgotten, -immediately acceded. Then the stranger wanted to try the bicycle, and -the Colonel, proud that his machine should have created such an -impression, agreed to that proposition also. "I am only a novice, you -know," the stranger remarked, as he treadled feebly along in a -serpentine course; and then he mysteriously quickened his pace and began -to ride straight. He was out of sight in a minute, and the Colonel is -still waiting for him to return.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>THE REPLY TO THE "DRUMMER."</h3> - -<p>Travellers in the buffet-car of the Chicago Limited have provided many -good stories for the delectation of readers. The following is a good -instance.</p> - -<p>As the train pulled out of Chicago, a quiet, gentlemanly-looking man -entered the buffet-car, and ensconcing himself in a comfortable chair, -drew out a long cigar, and entered deeply into his paper. He remained so -quiet and retained his seat so long that another passenger, whose -hearing distinctly stamped him as a commercial travelling man, one of -the kind full of chatter and curiosity, could no longer restrain -himself. Addressing the quiet gentleman, he inquired, "Travelling East?"</p> - -<p>Slowly removing his cigar the gentleman turned and looked at his -questioner with slightly elevated eyebrows, replying, "Yes."</p> - -<p>"New York?"</p> - -<p>"Yes."</p> - -<p>"Pleasure?"</p> - -<p>"Yes and no."</p> - -<p>"Great place, New York. Ever been there before?"</p> - -<p>"No."</p> - -<p>"I'm going home this trip—New York, you know."</p> - -<p>The gentleman made no reply but resumed his paper. After a little -silence the commercial man began again.</p> - -<p>"I'm with C. & Co., on Broadway. If you drop in I'll show you over the -city."</p> - -<p>"Thank you, it will not be necessary."</p> - -<p>"Excuse me, but might I ask what you're going to New York for?"</p> - -<p>By this time most of the other passengers were interested. The -gentleman, who was extremely annoyed at the drummer's curiosity, laid -down his paper, and exclaimed:</p> - -<p>"I'm going to New York, first, because the train is taking me there; -second, because I've got lots of money and can afford it; and last, -because if I like the place I intend to buy it."</p> - -<p>The commercial man subsided amidst a roar of laughter.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_301" id="Page_301">[Pg 301]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="THE_CAMERA_CLUB" id="THE_CAMERA_CLUB"></a> -<img src="images/ill_021.jpg" width="600" height="203" alt="THE CAMERA CLUB" /> -</div> - -<blockquote> - -<p>Any questions in regard to photograph matters will be willingly -answered by the Editor of this column, and we should be glad to -hear from any of our club who can make helpful suggestions.</p></blockquote> - -<h3>A HOME-MADE VIGNETTING-GLASS.</h3> - -<p>A short time ago directions were given for vignetting pictures, using -empty plate-boxes with an opening covered with tissue-paper. This is a -good way to vignette pictures, but a new box must be prepared for each -kind of vignette desired. By using a sheet of ground glass in a frame -and painting on it with a non-actinic paint, water-color paint, a -vignetting glass is made which is always ready for use by simply washing -off the paint and covering again, leaving the shape of the vignette -clear.</p> - -<p>The frame for the glass may be of wood, or one can take an empty -plate-box a little larger than the printing-frame, cut out the bottom, -and put the glass in its place, gluing strips of cloth along the edge to -hold it in place. The ground side of the glass should be uppermost.</p> - -<p>Mark on the glass with pencil the shape of the vignette, have some -Gihon's opaque—which is a non-actinic water-color—and paint the glass -with it, except in the place marked for the vignette. The paint should -be mixed quite thick and be applied evenly, so that the light cannot -shine through the glass except where the vignette is to be made. Along -the edges of the opening work the paint with a piece of moist surgeon's -cotton, which will give a soft effect in the printed picture. A new -vignette is made by washing the glass and applying the paint in a -different shape. This device for making vignetted pictures will be found -very handy, and one which can be easily prepared.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p><span class="smcap">Sir Knight W. Ryerson</span> asks to have the rules of the competition -published; what the cause of the yellowish color is in the finished -negative; the expense of putting up a reasonable amount of toning -solution; and the necessary qualifications to belong to the Camera -Club. The competition rules were published in the <span class="smcap">Round Table</span> for -October 6. The yellowish color in the negative is caused by the -unused silver salts not being thoroughly dissolved out of the film. -If a toning solution is prepared with chloride of gold and sodium -with bicarbonate of soda, it will cost 35c. for the chloride of -gold and sodium, and 5c. for the bicarbonate of soda. Put the 15 -grs. of gold and soda into 7½ oz. of water. This is the stock -solution. Put the bicarbonate of soda in water, using just enough -water to dissolve it. To make the bath for use, take 3½ oz. of -water, and ½ oz. of the gold solution. Dip a piece of blue litmus -into the solution, and if it does not turn the paper red, add a -little more of the gold solution. Add to this a few drops of the -bicarbonate of soda, till it turns the litmus-paper back to blue. -Mix the bath half an hour before it is needed. To be a member of -the Camera Club one must be an amateur photographer. To join the -club, send name and address and state your wish to the editor of -the Camera Club.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Sir Knight Wilbur T. Helm, Jun</span>., and <span class="smcap">Sir Knight Hall M. Crossman</span> -ask whether a pocket-kodak picture can be entered in the prize -competition, and which is the best film or plate. The pocket-kodak -pictures are under the size allowed, 4 by 5 being the smallest size -entered. The Stanley, Carbutt, Cramer, Seed, as well as other -standard makes, are all good plates. Eastman and Carbutt films are -both fine.</p></blockquote> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_022.jpg" width="500" height="245" alt="IVORY SOAP" /> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>GEORGE WASHINGTON</h2> - -<p>By <span class="smcap">Woodrow Wilson</span>, Ph.D., LL.D. Copiously Illustrated by <span class="smcap">Howard Pyle</span>, -<span class="smcap">Harry Fenn</span>, and Others. Crown 8vo, Cloth, Deckel Edges and Gilt Top, -$3.00.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>What particularly strikes the reader in enjoying Professor Woodrow -Wilson's "George Washington" is the way the writer makes that -historic figure warm and vital for us.... This stimulating and -delightful historical study.... This work of Professor Wilson's -must be widely recognized as of great value, because of this -grasping of the salient features of Washington's life and -character, the features we all want to see.—<i>Hartford Courant.</i></p> - -<p>We must now be content with a word of praise for its finished -literary workmanship, its accurate scholarship, and its high -patriotic ideal. We doubt if the career of Washington has ever -received worthier treatment at the hands of biographer, historian, -or political philosopher.—<i>Dial</i>, Chicago.</p> - -<p>A familiar and delightful study of Washington.... We do not recall -a popular work on Washington of more graphic interest than -Professor Wilson's performance.—<i>Philadelphia Bulletin.</i></p></blockquote> - -<h2>A VIRGINIA CAVALIER</h2> - -<p>A Story of the Youth of George Washington. By <span class="smcap">Molly Elliot Seawell</span>. -Illustrated. Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>An absorbing tale.... The account of Braddock's rout is an -admirable bit of descriptive writing. The style is warm and -polished, the characters are faithfully drawn, and there are -passages of intense interest in the book.—<i>Philadelphia Bulletin.</i></p> - -<p>The youth of George Washington is treated in almost biographic -form, and certainly with lifelike effect.... The book is well -adapted to the needs of young people, giving them an admirable -picture of Washington's early home life.—<i>Pittsburg -Chronicle-Telegraph.</i></p></blockquote> - -<h2>"HARPER'S ROUND TABLE" FOR 1896</h2> - -<p>Volume XVII. With 1276 Pages and about 1200 Illustrations. 4to Cloth, -Ornamental, $3.50.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>An ably edited, well-balanced magazine, which presents valuable -history, art, and science, so interwoven with the best fiction and -sport as to make its pages as valuable as they are attractive and -entertaining. The "Round Table" has the correct idea of healthful -juvenile literature.—<i>Chicago Inter-Ocean.</i></p> - -<p>The illustrations are plentiful and in the highest style of the -art, and the contributions—stories, poems, sketches, and -essays—are, as everybody knows, the best work that can be secured -by the leading authors and artists who write for -children.—<i>Hartford Courant.</i></p> - -<p>A volume which comprises within its covers a whole young people's -library of history, science, literature, fiction, fun, etc., and a -whole gallery of pictures besides.—<i>Advance</i>, Chicago.</p></blockquote> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h4>Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_302" id="Page_302">[Pg 302]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="A_WONDERFUL_SAIL" id="A_WONDERFUL_SAIL"></a> -<img src="images/ill_023.jpg" width="500" height="498" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h2>A WONDERFUL SAIL.</h2> - -<h4>Forty Dollars in Prizes to Readers Eighteen who can find out most about -this Trip.</h4> - -<p>'Tis said that few winds are so ill that they blow nobody any good, but -the wind that blew a recent hunting-party into the middle of the upper -Niagara River, and then over the falls, was an exception. It did nobody -any good. True, the victims of the tragedy were that Shakespearian -character (1) who lived in a group of Mediterranean isles; a Roman -satirist (2) who is always mentioned whenever a teacher is; and the -Greek philosopher (3) celebrated for wise sayings and just judgments, -who lived in a city renowned for its heroic resistance to barbarians.</p> - -<p>"One of these never really lived and the other two died long years -agone, say you?" "Well, suppose they did. Pray don't spoil a story by -speaking at the wrong time."</p> - -<p>These three persons went gayly out, undismayed by the warning on the -boat-house sign:</p> - -<p class="center">BOATS TO LET.</p> - -<p class="center">Adssdq Mfbwf Yzw Xlnkzmb Yvsrmw (4)</p> - -<p>I nearly forgot to say that there were to have been five in the party, -but the Schoolmaster of our Republic (8) and the Mad Yankee (6) read the -sign and refused to go. But such a lot of things as were found by the -three who went!</p> - -<p>First they explored a mysterious excavation (7) contained in a -street-sweeper, and a place of trade (8) kept in an insect. They met a -wise man (9) in conception, and bought a warm covering (10) contained in -a wrinkle; some small cord (11) done up in strengthening medicine; a -bedded carriage (12) in sparkling; a covering for the head (13) in an -impropriety; a quantity of paper (14) in demand; some food;(15) in a -scoffer; a chart (16) in a telegraph; a clamp(17) in useful; a white -linen garment (18) in military weapon; a large farm (19) in the gills of -fishes, and some certificates of stock (20) in a title.</p> - -<p>These filled the boat, though some were eaten, some lounged upon, and -others studied. Queer place to shop? Well, never mind if it was so. Let -my story go on.</p> - -<p>As the three men were trying on what they found in the impropriety which -they had purchased, one of them discovered a few things that had -probably been left in the boat by a former sailing-party. The first (21) -had once been in the fields and brooks, aye, a part of it even in the -sky. Then it had been warmed, put through a process that city folk are -laughed at by country folk because they cannot manipulate, and finally -subjected to great pressure. The second (22) was once a part of a great -mountain. Then it helped raise potatoes. Next it was buried in a grave. -Again it was heated and then cooled, and became the source of so much -comfort that the wonder was its owner left it behind. The third thing -(23) is supposed to bring good luck. It is something that, in its -natural position, moved rapidly—often with two motions at the same -time. There was that about it which masons use. It was a sad loss to its -owner, no doubt. The fourth and last thing was a liquor (24) contained -in a secretion of the ear. It was not the first time that a -drinking-vessel (25) which we find in refreshment brought death in its -train. From that moment the men were doomed. They grew reckless, and -here are some of the things they thought they saw:</p> - -<p>An agricultural implement (26) in a railway employé; a small bed (27) in -a writer; a temporary shelter (28) in a native of South Africa; an open -land (29) in the bottom of a ship; a small house (30) in a window -covering; a stream of water (31) in a dance; a church seat (32) in a -cordage manufactory; a man (33) in a lizard; and a small horse (34) in a -place of worship.</p> - -<p>Finding all these in a place so strange, and making so poor use of them, -it is no wonder that that which the sign-board warned them against -carried them over the falls, and brought an end to the story. The local -paper next morning said the bodies of the three were recovered and taken -to "The Bad Lands of the Say It" (35) for burial.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>In the foregoing story there are not a few questions in philology. There -are also some popular nicknames, an anagram, and some riddles. In -sending answers, do not write out the story. Number names as numbered -here, write one below another in the proper order, and put your name and -address at the top of your first sheet of answers. Mail answers not -later than February 6, 1897, to <span class="smcap">Harper's Round Table</span>, New York—no -street number required—and put in the lower left-hand corner of your -envelope "Puzzle Answer." Correct answers, with names of winners, will -be published in <span class="smcap">Harper's Round Table</span> as early after the close of the -contest as possible, probably within two weeks.</p> - -<p>The prizes, which will be awarded by the Messrs. Harper & Brothers, -Publishers, New York, are: $40, divided among the ten best solvers -according to merit. If one solver stands conspicuously ahead of the rest -he or she will be given from $10 to $25, as the comparative excellence -of the answer warrants. Persons of any age may help find the answers, -but only those who have not passed their 18th birthday, and who are -members of households in which this paper is regularly read, may send -them in. Merit signifies correctness and neatness, and has no reference -to the solution reaching the office of <span class="smcap">Harper's Round Table</span> first in -point of time. Elaborate decoration of answers is not encouraged. Use -common stationery, note size, and do not roll. Write on one side of the -paper only. Everything comes to those who—try!</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>Questions and Answers.</h3> - -<p>H. M. Kimball says he made a battery after the suggestions given in the -<span class="smcap">Table</span>, and that it worked well when he put one cell in the circuit. But -when he connected two, the battery seemed to give out. He asks for an -explanation. The matter is, probably, that he connected the negative to -the negative and the positive to the positive poles, in which case one -cell nullified the strength of the other. The positive should be -connected to the negative pole, and the negative to the positive. That -is to say, the zinc to the copper, not the zinc to the zinc. Yes, the -Calland cell is dirty and easily upset. In these days of improvements in -batteries it is cheaper and cleaner to buy one's cells outright. The -only thing lost then is the experience gained in putting them -together—and the fun of doing the thing one's self.—Edgar W. Hall asks -for a charter for a Chapter, and fails to give the name of the latter. -What does he call his society? Tell us what name to fill in, and we will -send charter promptly.</p> - -<p>James D. Waite says his school battalion went to Washington last year, -and is going again this year, and he offers to write a morsel describing -the trip. By all means let us have the morsel. You are a member of the -Order if you have a Patent in the Camera Club. One Patent admits to all -divisions of the Order. Henry T. Smith asks what the new process is by -which so much more gold than formerly is now gotten out of quartz and -gold ore. Here it is. It is somewhat technical. It was invented in -Australia. The machine consists of vertical distributors and mercury -baths, placed as follows:—The crashed materials or slum enter a -cast-iron trough or distributor, which is from 3 feet to 6 feet long and -5 inches wide; its sectional shape is half round. At the bottom of this -distributor, and in a straight line from end to end, is a row of -1-4-inch holes, 5-6 inch from centre to centre. Below this is placed a -mercury bath 2-1/8 inches wide by 5/16 inch deep, running the whole -length of the distributor, and placed at a distance sufficient to cause -the materials passing through the holes to form an indentation in the -silver about the size of half a pea. These jets strike the mercury in -the centre of the ripple at right angles. By these means the whole of -the stuff is brought into forcible contact with the silver without -separating it, and flows over its surface into another distributor -below; and from there it again passes through another row of holes, and -brought into contact with a second bath of silver. This operation is -repeated until every particle of tailings has passed over eight mercury -baths.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_303" id="Page_303">[Pg 303]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="STAMPS" id="STAMPS"></a> -<img src="images/ill_024.jpg" width="600" height="208" alt="STAMPS" /> -</div> - -<blockquote> - -<p>This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin -collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question -on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should address -Editor Stamp Department.</p></blockquote> - -<p>The old-style St. Helena stamps have been displaced by the current issue -of the De la Rue type. The immediate advance in prices of the obsolete -set prompts the <i>Weekly Era</i> to warn the dealers and speculators that -the extreme rise in ordinary stamps, simply because they have become -obsolete, will tend to kill the goose that lays the golden eggs. In many -cases such advances are not only unjustifiable, but foolish also, in -view of the fact that large stocks are in existence. Every one except -speculators will heartily agree with the <i>Era</i> in trying to abolish an -evil which threatens the popularity of stamp-collecting.</p> - -<p>Philately is only one of the many forms of "collecting" which are a part -of our human nature, but it seems exceptionally conducive to -sociability, good-fellowship, and general jollity. The Collectors' Club -House in New York was taken in hand by a Christmas entertainment -committee, who decorated the house with greens, put up a big Christmas -tree, and made the whole house seem homelike. The entertainment was -given on the night of the 28th of December, and those members who were -unavoidably absent missed a great treat. The Christmas tree was -stripped, and almost every one received a present of something he did -not want—upon the condition, however, that the parcel should be opened -by the recipient in full view of all the audience. The burlesque -presents showed both good-humor and wit.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">New Issues</span>.—British Central America.—</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">1d. black.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">2d. black and green.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">4d. black and orange.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">6d. black and blue.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p class="center">The above watermarked Crown C A.</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">2s. 6d. black and violet.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">3s. black and yellow.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">5s. black and violet.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">£1 black and orange.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">£10 black and vermilion.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">1s. on £1 blue and red.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">2s. on 6d. lilac and red.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">With black surcharge.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p class="center">The above watermarked Crown C C.</p> - -<p>Congo.—</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">15c. black and ochre, banana-tree.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">40c. black and green, canoe.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p>Nankin.—</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">1/2c. gray, two figures.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">1c. rose, pagoda.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">2c. green, two elephants.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">3c. yellow, landscape.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">4c. claret, pagoda.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">5c. violet, bell.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p>Salvador.—</p> - -<p>The 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 12, 15, 20, 24, 30, 50 centavos and 1 peso of the -current series have been issued with "Official" surcharge.</p> - -<p>South African Republic.—</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">4d. olive and green.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">6d. mauve and green.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p>Sweden.—</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">25 ore, orange.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">15 ore, light brown.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<blockquote> - -<p><span class="smcap">J. Fetteridge</span>.—The "Officially Sealed" stamps are losing favor -rapidly, and probably will be omitted in future catalogues. They -are interesting as labels connected with the postal service, but -they cannot be called postage-stamps.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">F. G. Elliott</span>.—During the first half of this century the mint -frequently made use of old dies when making a later issue. For -instance, the 1838 1c. die was used for the 1839 issue. The figure -8 was changed to a figure 9 in a bungling manner, with the result -that the date looks as if it had been struck 1838, and then -restruck 1839.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">C. Rawson</span>.—The 3c. U. S. Revenue "Telegraph" stamp, unperforated, -is worth 75c.; perforated, 15c. The 3c. "Playing Cards," -unperforated, $15; perforated, $4. The 3c. "Proprietary" and -"Foreign Exchange" are not known unperforated; perforated they are -worth from 5c. to 10c. each. The other stamps mentioned are worth -1c. each.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Ole C. Olsen</span>, 2912 Quinn Street, Chicago, would like to exchange -stamps, both common and rare, and U. S. adhesive and revenues.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">K. H. Truax</span>.—The 1882 Nicaragua is worth 2c.; the 1/8 Philippine -Islands, 1886, is worth 5c. The dealers named are responsible men.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">H. M. Ormiston</span>.—The 20 para, Turkey, 1865, is yellow, and worth -6c. The 1869 issue is green; worth 3c. The 40 para, pink and black, -is a local stamp worth 30c.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">J. Gordon</span>.—The English compound envelopes are good for postage, -but the fact that they were made for anybody who was willing to pay -the cost, on any kind of paper, of almost any size, and almost any -combination of stamps, leads collectors to disregard them, as a -rule.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">A. Bull</span>.—Do not hoard any Columbian stamps. They keep turning up -in quantities, and are offered at a discount of five or ten per -cent. on values 1c. to 50c.; twenty-five per cent. on values $2, -$3, $4, and $5. I know of one lot offered which contained 12,000 -6c. Columbians in complete sheets.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">C. B. Viner</span>.—I recommend applying to some dealer. There are three -1798 dollars, worth $2, $3, and $6 respectively. See answer to -George Jay.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">George Jay</span>.—There are three 1799 dollars—the five star, worth $4; -the six star, worth $2; the 1799 over 1798, worth $3. The old -German and Spanish coins are worth bullion only.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Philatus</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>ADVERTISEMENTS.</h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>Arnold</h2> - -<h2>Constable & Co</h2> - -<h3>EMBROIDERIES.</h3> - -<p class="center"><i>Swiss, Nainsook, and Cambric</i></p> - -<h3>Embroidered Allovers,</h3> - -<h3>Bands and Edgings.</h3> - -<p class="center"><i>Openwork and Embroidered Cottons for</i></p> - -<p class="center"><i>Ladies' and Children's Underwear. Novelties</i></p> - -<p class="center"><i>specially prepared for Children's Dresses.</i></p> - -<h3>Embroidered Handkerchiefs</h3> - -<h4>Broadway & 19th st.</h4> - -<h4>NEW YORK.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>HOME STUDY.</h2> - -<p>A practical and complete <b>Business College Course</b> given by <b>MAIL</b> at -student's <b>HOME</b>. Low rates and perfect satisfaction. Trial lesson 10 -cents. Catalogue free.</p> - -<h4>BRYANT & STRATTON, 85 College Bldg., Buffalo, N.Y.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_025.jpg" width="400" height="138" alt="PISO'S CURE FOR CONSUMPTION" /> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h3>"A perfect type of the highest order</h3> - -<h3>of excellence in manufacture."</h3> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 360px;"> -<img src="images/ill_026.jpg" width="360" height="400" alt="Walter Baker & Co.'s Breakfast Cocoa" /> -</div> - -<h3>COSTS LESS THAN ONE CENT A CUP</h3> - -<p class="center">Be sure that you get the</p> - -<p class="center">genuine article, made at</p> - -<h3>DORCHESTER, MASS.,</h3> - -<h4>By WALTER BAKER & CO, Ltd.</h4> - -<p class="center">Established 1780.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>EARN A GOLD WATCH!</h2> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 207px;"> -<img src="images/ill_027.jpg" width="207" height="250" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>We wish to introduce our <b>Teas and Baking Powder</b>. Sell 50 lbs. to earn a -<b>Waltham Gold Watch and Chain</b>; 25 lbs. for a <b>Silver Watch and Chain</b>; 10 -lbs. for a <b>Gold Ring</b>; 50 lbs. for a <b>Decorated Dinner Set</b>; 75 lbs. for a -<b>Bicycle</b>. Write for a Catalog and Order Blank to Dept. I</p> - -<h4>W. G. BAKER,</h4> - -<h4>Springfield, Mass.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>LAUGHING CAMERA. 10c.</h2> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> -<img src="images/ill_028.jpg" width="300" height="285" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">MY! OH MY!!</span> -</div> - -<p>The latest Invention in Cameras. You look through the lens and your -stout friends will look like living skeletons, your thin friends like -Dime Museum fat men, horses like giraffes and in fact everything appears -as though you were living in another world. Each camera contains two -strong lenses in neatly finished leatherette case. The latest -mirth-maker on the market; creates bushels of sport. Catalogue of 1,000 -novelties and sample camera 10c., 3 for 25c., 12 for 90c. mailed -postpaid. Agents wanted.</p> - -<h4>ROBT. H. INGERSOLL & BRO.,</h4> - -<h4>Dept. No. 62, 65 Cortlandt St., N.Y.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>HOOPING-COUGH</h2> - -<h2>CROUP.</h2> - -<h3>Roche's Herbal Embrocation.</h3> - -<p>The celebrated and effectual English Cure without internal medicine. -Proprietors, <span class="smcap">W. Edward & Son</span>, Queen Victoria St., London, England. All -Druggists.</p> - -<h4>E. Fougera & Co., 30 North William St., N. Y.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>Postage Stamps, &c.</h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 150px;"> -<img src="images/ill_029.jpg" width="150" height="107" alt="STAMPS" /> -</div> - -<p><b>ALBUM AND LIST FREE!</b> Also 100 all diff. Venezuela, Bolivia, etc., only -10c. Agts. wanted at 50% Com. <b>C. A. Stegmann</b>, 5941 Cote Brilliant Ave., -St. Louis, Mo.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p>500 Mixed, Australian, etc., 10c.; <b>105 var.</b> Zululand, etc., and album, -10c.; 12 Africa, 10c.; 15 Asia, 10c. Bargain list free. F. P. VINCENT, -Chatham, N.Y.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center"><b>STAMPS ON APPROVAL.</b> Send for sheets. Big com. <b>T. J. Manning & Co.</b>, -Norwich, N.Y.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center"><b>25 VAR.</b> unused stamps, no Seebecks, cat. value over $1.50, for 50c. -Approval books @ 50%. <b>D. W. OSGOOD, Pueblo, Colo.</b></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center"><b>1000</b> Best Stamp Hinges only <b>5</b>. Agts. wt'd at 50%. List free!</p> - -<h4><b>L. B. DOVER & CO.</b>, 5958 Theodosia, St. Louis, Mo.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>BOYS and GIRLS</h2> - -<p>can earn money by working half an hour daily distributing free samples -of Headache Powders. For full particulars address, <b>CAPITAL DRUG CO., Box -880, Augusta, Me.</b></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_304" id="Page_304">[Pg 304]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_030.jpg" width="500" height="385" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE LATEST THING IN NECK-TIES.</span> -</div> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>There are not many people who would recognize in the name Samuel Wheeler -a person who did valuable service for our country in the war of the -Revolution. It was he who made the famous chain that was stretched -across the Hudson River to stop the British war-ships from ascending the -stream. At the time General Washington was puzzled about defending the -river.</p> - -<p>"I wish I could get a chain made; but that is impossible," he said; and -General Mifflin, overhearing the remark, exclaimed:</p> - -<p>"Not so. We have a man in the army, a townsman of mine, one Wheeler, who -can make you such a chain."</p> - -<p>General Washington had Wheeler brought to him, and said:</p> - -<p>"I want a chain to put across the North River to stop the British ships. -Can you make it?"</p> - -<p>"I can," replied Wheeler, "but I cannot do it here."</p> - -<p>"Then," said Washington, "I will cheerfully give you dismission from the -army to do so, for badly as we want such men as you, I cannot afford to -keep you."</p> - -<p>Mr. Wheeler made the chain, and its links were hauled across New Jersey, -to be finally strung across the river, where it did good service. By -building a fire under one of the links and then using a sledge-hammer -and a chisel, it was ultimately cut apart.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>The Colonel was a bluff old fellow, and all the officers liked him -except for one thing, and that was his jealousy of the commanding -officer of a neighboring post. He would grow irritable whenever this -officer's name was mentioned, although he invariably brought the name up -himself. One evening some of the mess determined to have some fun with -the Colonel, and possibly put a stop to his pettishness.</p> - -<p>"Colonel," said one of the officers, "it's queer, but you'd think Major -D —— [the neighboring commander] had studied spelling. I got a letter -from him to-day, and how do you think he spells 'here'?"</p> - -<p>"He doesn't know much," growled the Colonel. "I suppose he spells it, -h-e-a-r."</p> - -<p>"No."</p> - -<p>"Well, h-e-e-r."</p> - -<p>"No, that's not it."</p> - -<p>"H-i-e-r," ventured the Colonel once more.</p> - -<p>"Guess again."</p> - -<p>"Well, I'd have to be as stupid as he is to guess any other way of -spelling it. Wait a moment. Does he spell it h-u-e-r?"</p> - -<p>"No, Colonel."</p> - -<p>"Well, then, how does the man spell it, anyhow?"</p> - -<p>"Why, h-e-r-e, as it should be."</p> - -<p>The Colonel rose with wrath in his eyes, and snapped out:</p> - -<p>"Gentlemen, I'm too old for such joking," and then left the room and -slammed the door after him.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>Doubtless few know that the New York <i>Journal of Commerce</i> originated -what is popularly known as a newspaper extra. When this occurred times -were troublesome in Europe, and the great revolution of 1830 was -approaching. Naturally America was anxious for early news, and all the -newspapers of New York equipped small boats that cruised about the -harbor, waylaying the large packet vessels arriving from abroad to get -the tidings.</p> - -<p>The <i>Journal of Commerce</i> conceived the plan of sending out a small -schooner to intercept the packets two or three days ahead of their -arrival. The originators of the plan were laughed at, and told that it -would in the end ruin them. Results proved otherwise, however, and when -the semaphoric telegraph announced their schooner in the offing, and -later, coming up the bay, the crowd would gather around the office of -the paper. They had to wait until the extra evening edition was ready, -and then one of the partners would sometimes read the news aloud to -hundreds of citizens, while thousands of copies were sold. This schooner -was the first American news-boat of any size.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>There is a small town in one of the Eastern States, not far from Boston, -whose inhabitants take great pride in excelling every other town in -their vicinity. They try every new invention, and if it has any sort of -merit it is sure to be assigned to duty in some part of the place. Two -portly gentlemen, one a sea-captain and the other a lawyer, both retired -from active life, were the prime movers in the experiments and -adoptions, and, naturally, in the course of time they failed to agree. -Extreme jealousy then prevailed, and a bitter animosity sprang up -between them.</p> - -<p>Unfortunately these two gentlemen lived next door to each other—in -fact, so close were their houses that the side walls almost adjoined. -One very windy night the lawyer was reading a book in his study when a -terrific crash upstairs startled him. Upon investigating he found that -an unruly chimney had ruthlessly hurled itself through his roof, doing -considerable damage. That in itself was a matter of great annoyance, but -when he discovered it was the sea-captain's chimney that was -responsible, his wrath knew no bounds. Hastening down to his library, he -pulled out his law-books and hunted up similar cases, devising and -scheming how he could secure satisfaction from the detestable captain. -While thus engaged a note arrived from his enemy that read as follows,</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p><span class="smcap">"Sir</span>,—If you don't return those bricks <i>at once</i>, I will put the -matter in the hands of the law."</p></blockquote> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, January 19, 1897, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, JANUARY 19, 1897 *** - -***** This file should be named 60470-h.htm or 60470-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/0/4/7/60470/ - -Produced by Annie R. 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