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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Life of Gen. Robert E. Lee, For Children, by 
+Mary L. Williamson
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
+most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
+whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
+of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
+www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll
+have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using
+this ebook.
+
+
+
+Title: The Life of Gen. Robert E. Lee, For Children
+
+Author: Mary L. Williamson
+
+Release Date: October 3, 2019 [EBook #60410]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GEN. ROBERT E. LEE ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+                [Illustration: UNVEILING OF LEE MONUMENT
+                At Richmond, Va., Friday, May 29, 1890.]
+
+
+
+
+                                THE LIFE
+                                   OF
+                          Gen. Robert E. Lee,
+                             FOR CHILDREN,
+                             In Easy Words.
+
+
+                              ILLUSTRATED.
+
+                        MRS. MARY L. WILLIAMSON.
+
+                         Harrisonburg, Virginia
+                         SPRINKLE PUBLICATIONS
+                                  1989
+
+                            Copyright, 1895,
+                                   BY
+                        Mrs. MARY L. WILLIAMSON.
+
+                         Sprinkle Publications
+                             P. O. Box 1094
+                        Harrisonburg, Va. 22801
+
+
+
+
+                                PREFACE.
+
+
+In preparing the “Life of Lee for Children,” for use in the Public
+Schools, I beg leave to place before teachers good reasons for employing
+it as a supplementary reader.
+
+First, I urge the need of interesting our children in history at an
+early age. From observation I find that the minds of children who study
+history early expand more rapidly than those who are restricted to the
+limits of stories in readers. While teaching pupils to read, why not fix
+in their minds the names and deeds of our great men, thereby laying the
+foundation of historical knowledge and instilling true patriotism into
+their youthful souls?
+
+Secondly, in looking over the lives of our American heroes we find not
+one which presents such a picture of moral grandeur as that of Lee.
+Place this picture before the little ones and you cannot fail to make
+them look upward to noble ideals.
+
+This little book is intended as auxiliary to third readers. I have used
+the diacritical marks of Webster, also his syllabication. In compiling
+this work I referred chiefly to Gen. Fitzhugh Lee’s “Life of Lee,” and
+Rev. J. William Jones’ “Personal Reminiscences of R. E. Lee.”
+                                                     Mary L. Williamson.
+
+  New Market, Va.,
+          September 28, 1898.
+
+
+
+
+                        The Sword of Robert Lee.
+
+
+                    Words by Moina. Music by Armand.
+
+  Forth from its scabbard, pure and bright,
+      Flashed the sword of Lee!
+  Far in the front of the deadly fight,
+  High o’er the brave, in the cause of right,
+  Its stainless sheen, like a beacon light,
+      Led us to victory.
+
+  Out of its scabbard, where full long
+      It slumbered peacefully—
+  Roused from its rest by the battle-song,
+  Shielding the feeble, smiting the strong,
+  Guarding the right, and avenging the wrong—
+      Gleamed the sword of Lee!
+
+  Forth from its scabbard, high in air,
+      Beneath Virginia’s sky,
+  And they who saw it gleaming there,
+  And knew who bore it, knelt to swear
+  That where that sword led they would dare
+      To follow and to die.
+
+  Out of its scabbard! Never hand
+      Waved sword from stain as free,
+  Nor purer sword led braver band,
+  Nor braver bled for a brighter land,
+  Nor brighter land had a cause as grand,
+      Nor cause a chief like Lee!
+
+  Forth from its scabbard! All in vain!
+      Forth flashed the sword of Lee!
+  ’Tis shrouded now in its sheath again,
+  It sleeps the sleep of our noble slain,
+  Defeated, yet without a stain,
+      Proudly and peacefully.
+
+
+
+
+                               CONTENTS.
+
+
+  Chapter                                                           Page
+  I. Birth and Youth.                                                  9
+  II. A Young Engineer.                                               18
+  III. A Cavalry Officer.                                             28
+  IV. A Confederate General.                                          45
+  V. A Confederate General. (Continued.)                              62
+  VI. A College President.                                            99
+  VII. A People’s Hero.                                              151
+    GENERAL R. E. LEE’S Farewell Address to His Soldiers.            169
+
+
+
+
+                    The Life of Gen. Robert E. Lee.
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER I.
+                            Birth and Youth.
+
+
+Robert Edward Lee was born at Stratford, Westmoreland county, Virginia,
+on the 19th of January, 1807.
+
+His father, General Henry Lee, had been a great chief in Washington’s
+army. They sometimes call him “Light-Horse Harry Lee.” While with
+Washington, he was ever in front of the foe, and his troopers were what
+they always should be—the eyes and ears of the army.
+
+After the war he was Governor of Virginia, and then a member of
+Congress. It was he who said in a speech made before Congress after the
+death of Washington, that he was “First in war, first in peace, and
+first in the hearts of his countrymen.” He also said, “Virginia is my
+country; her will I obey, however sad the fate to which it may subject
+me.”
+
+The long line of Lees may be traced back to Launcelot Lee, of Loudon, in
+France, who went with William the Conqueror upon his expedition to
+England; and when Harold had been slain upon the bloody field of
+Hastings, Launcelot was given by William the Conqueror an estate in
+Essex. From that time the name of Lee is ever an honorable one in the
+history of England.
+
+In the time of the first Charles, Richard Lee came to the New World and
+found a home in Virginia. He was a man of good stature, sound sense, and
+kind heart. From him the noble stock of Virginia Lees began. He was the
+great-great-grandfather of Robert, who was much like him in many ways.
+
+Robert’s mother was Anne Hill Carter, who came from one of the best
+families of Virginia. She was a good and noble woman, who lived only to
+train her children in the right way.
+
+                       [Illustration: STRATFORD.]
+
+Stratford, the house in which Robert was born, is a fine old mansion,
+built in the shape of the letter H, and stands not far from the banks of
+the Potomac River and near the birthplace of Washington. Upon the roof
+were summer houses, where the band played, while the young folks walked
+in the grounds below, and enjoyed the cool air from the river and the
+sweet music of the band.
+
+He had two brothers and two sisters. His brothers were named Charles
+Carter and Sidney Smith, and his sisters Anne and Mildred.
+
+When Robert was but four years of age his father moved to Alexandria, a
+city not very far from the Stratford House, where he could send his boys
+to better schools. But he was not able to stay with them and bring them
+up to manhood. Shortly after he had moved to Alexandria, he was hurt in
+Baltimore by a mob of bad men, and he was never well again.
+
+When Robert was six years old, his father went to the West Indies for
+his health. While there he wrote kind letters to his son, Charles Carter
+Lee, and spoke with much love of all. Once he said, “Tell me of Anne.
+Has she grown tall? Robert was always good.” He wished to know, also, if
+his sons rode and shot well, saying that a Virginian’s sons should be
+taught to ride, shoot, and tell the truth.
+
+When he had been there five years, and only grew worse, he made up his
+mind to return home. But he grew so ill that he was put ashore on
+Cumberland Island at the home of a friend. He soon gave up all hope of
+life. At times his pain was so great that he would drive his servants
+and every one else out of the room. At length an old woman, who had been
+Mrs. Greene’s best maid, was sent to nurse him. The first thing General
+Lee did when she came into the room was to hurl his boot at her head.
+Without a word, she picked up the boot and threw it back at him. A smile
+passed over the old chief’s face as he saw how brave she was, and from
+that time to the day of his death none but Mom Sarah could wait on him.
+Two months after the sick soldier landed he was dead. His body was laid
+to rest amid the cedars and flowers of the South, and it has never been
+moved to Virginia.
+
+                       [Illustration: MOM SARAH.]
+
+At this time Robert was only eleven years old. If he was a good boy, it
+was his mother who kept him so, for he never knew a father’s care. His
+mother once said to a friend, “How can I spare Robert! He is both a son
+and a daughter to me.”
+
+About that time the girls and other boys were away from home, and she
+had no one but Robert to care for her. He took the keys and “kept house”
+for her when she was sick, and also saw to all of her outdoor work. He
+would run home from school to ride out with her, so that she might enjoy
+the fresh air and sunshine. When she would complain of the cold or
+draughts, he would pull out a great jackknife and stuff the cracks with
+paper, for the coach was an old one.
+
+So he grew up by her side, a good and noble boy. At first he went to
+school to a Mr. Leary, who was ever his firm friend. Then he went to the
+school of Mr. Benjamin H. Hallowell, who always spoke of him as a fine
+young man.
+
+Robert was fond of hunting, and would sometimes follow the hounds all
+day. In this way he gained that great strength which was never known to
+fail him in after life.
+
+The old home, in Alexandria, where his mother had lived, was always a
+sacred place to him. Years after, one of his friends saw him looking
+sadly over the fence of the garden where he used to play. “I am
+looking,” he said, “to see if the old snow-ball trees are still here. I
+should be sorry to miss them.”
+
+When he was eighteen years old, he went to West Point to learn to be a
+soldier. He was there four years, and in that time never got a bad mark
+or demerit. His clothes always looked neat and clean, and his gun
+bright. In short, he kept the rules of the school and studied so well
+that he came out second in his class.
+
+When he came home from West Point, he found his mother’s old coachman,
+Nat, very ill. He took him at once to the South and nursed him with
+great care. But the spring-time saw the good old slave laid in the grave
+by the hand of his kind young master.
+
+                       [Illustration: UNCLE NAT.]
+
+Not very long after, his dear mother grew quite ill. He sat by her
+bedside day and night, and gave her all her food and medicine with his
+own hand. But his great care and love could not save her. He was soon
+bereft of her to whom he used to say he “owed everything.”
+
+Some one has said, “Much has been written of what the world owes to
+‘Mary, the mother of Washington’; but it owes scarcely less to ‘Anne,
+the mother of Lee.’”
+
+
+    Gĕn′-er-al, the head of an army.
+    Ex′-pe-dĭ′-tion, a voyage; a trip, with an aim in view.
+    Stăt′-ūre, height.
+    Dråughts (dråfts), currents of air.
+
+  Tell what you remember about—
+    Robert’s father.
+    Robert’s mother.
+    The situation of his home.
+    Robert’s kindness to his mother.
+    His life at West Point.
+
+                     [Illustration: {uncaptioned}]
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER II.
+                           A Young Engineer.
+
+
+In 1829, when twenty-two years old, Robert entered the Engineer Corps of
+the United States, and thus became Lieutenant Lee.
+
+It is the duty of these engineers in time of peace, to plan forts, to
+change the course of rivers which make sand-banks at wrong places, and
+to do other work of the same kind. Lieutenant Lee was sent at once to
+Hampton Roads, in Virginia, to build strong works, not dreaming that in
+after years it would be his fate to try to pull them down.
+
+                     [Illustration: ROBERT E. LEE,
+                         Lieut. of Engineers.]
+
+Lieutenant Lee was married on the 30th of June, 1831, to Mary Custis,
+who was the great-granddaughter of Mrs. Washington, and the only child
+of George Parke Custis, the adopted son of Washington. She lived at a
+fine old place on the Virginia bank of the Potomac River, called
+Arlington. At this time Lieutenant Lee was very handsome in face and
+tall and erect in figure.
+
+Two years after his marriage he was sent to the city of Washington. This
+change was pleasant to him, for he was then near the home of his wife.
+
+                       [Illustration: ARLINGTON.]
+
+In 1837 he was sent to St. Louis to find means to keep the great
+Mississippi River in its own bed. It was a hard task, but he at last
+forced the mighty river into the channel he wished. While at work, some
+men, who did not know what great things he could do, tried to drive his
+workmen away, and even brought up cannon. Lee did not mind them, but
+went on with his work, and soon had the great river to flow in the right
+place.
+
+From St. Louis he was sent to New York to plan and build new forts to
+protect that great city. He was now a captain of engineers, and was soon
+to try the horrors of war.
+
+In 1846, a war broke out between the United States and Mexico.
+“Engineers are of as much use to an army as sails to ships.” They have
+to make roads and bridges, to plant big guns and draw maps, and guide
+the men when going to fight.
+
+At first, Captain Lee was sent to join General Wool, in the north of
+Mexico. Not long before the battle of Buena Vista (Bwā′-nä-vees-tä),
+General Wool sent Lee to see where Santa Anna, the general of the
+Mexicans, had placed his army. News had come that he was not far off.
+
+                        [Illustration: MEXICO.]
+
+Lee rode, with only one man to guide him, into the mountains. After he
+had been riding for some hours, he saw on a hill-side the smoke of
+fires, and objects which he thought were tents. He went on, in a very
+cautious way, till he had gotten quite near. Then, he saw the white
+objects were only flocks of sheep and herds of cattle and mules on the
+way to market. He found out from the men driving them that Santa Anna
+had not crossed the mountains, and then went back to his friends, who
+thought that they would never see him again.
+
+Though he had ridden forty miles that night, he rested but three hours
+before taking a troop of horsemen and going far into the mountains to
+find out just where Santa Anna had gone with his army.
+
+Soon after this brave deed, Captain Lee was sent to join General Scott
+in the south of Mexico. He was put to work at Vera Cruz (Vā-rä-krōōs), a
+large town on the coast. There was a high wall, with strong forts around
+Vera Cruz. General Scott wished to take this city from the Mexicans. So
+Captain Lee had to plant big guns and build forts; and to do this he
+worked night and day.
+
+As they were short of men, he was told to take some sailors from a
+man-of-war to help with the work. These men began to complain loudly.
+“They did not enlist to dig dirt, and they did not want to work under a
+landlubber anyhow.” Their captain said to Lee, “The boys don’t want any
+dirt to hide behind; they want to get on the _top_, where they can have
+a fair fight.” Lee quietly showed his orders, and told the old “salt” he
+meant to carry them out, and pushed on the work ’mid curses both loud
+and deep.
+
+Just as the work was done, the Mexicans began to fire their guns at that
+point, and these brave sons of the sea were glad enough to hide behind
+the “bank of dirt.” Not long after, their captain met Captain Lee and
+said, “I suppose the dirt did save some of my boys. But I knew that we
+would have no use for dirt-banks on shipboard, that there what we want
+is a clear deck and an open sea. And the fact is, Captain, I don’t like
+this land fighting anyway; _it ain’t clean_.”
+
+Vera Cruz was taken by General Scott in two weeks’ time. Then the men
+went on over hills and vales, till they came to the strong fort on Cerro
+Gordo. Captain Lee then found a way to lead the Americans to the rear of
+the Mexicans, who soon broke and fled.
+
+While this battle was raging, Captain Lee heard the cries of a little
+girl, and found by the side of a hut a Mexican drummer boy. His arm had
+been badly hurt and a large Mexican, who had been shot, had fallen on
+him. Captain Lee stopped, had the big Mexican thrown off of the boy, and
+the little fellow moved to a place of safety.
+
+His little sister stood by. Her large black eyes were streaming with
+tears, her hands were crossed upon her breast, and her hair in one long
+plait reached to her waist. Her feet and arms were bare. She was very
+thankful to Captain Lee for saving her brother.
+
+           [Illustration: CAPTAIN LEE RESCUING DRUMMER BOY.]
+
+In a letter to his son from this place, he says: “I thought of you, my
+dear Custis, on the 18th in the battle, and wondered, when the musket
+balls and grape were whistling over my head, where I could put you, if
+with me, to be safe. I was truly thankful you were at school, I hope,
+learning to be good and wise. You have no idea what a horrible sight a
+battle-field is.”
+
+From Cerro Gordo, they went on fighting battles until they came to the
+large and rich city of Mexico.
+
+On this march, Captain Lee was always at the front to guide the men.
+Once, when one part of General Scott’s army had lost its way, General
+Scott sent _seven_ engineers to guide it into the right road. They had
+to cross a huge, rough bed of lava and rock. _Six_ of them went back to
+camp, saying that they could not get across; but, Captain Lee pressed on
+in the dark, alone and on foot, and brought the men out in safety.
+General Scott once said that it was the greatest feat done by any _one
+man_ during the war.
+
+There were many battles fought, but at last the city of Mexico was taken
+by General Scott. In after years, this great man was heard to say that
+his great success in Mexico was largely due to the skill and valor of
+Robert E. Lee, and that he was the _best soldier_ that he ever saw in
+the field.
+
+In the midst of all this fighting, his boys were ever in his thoughts.
+This is a part of what he wrote to his son Custis on Christmas-Eve,
+1846:
+
+“I hope good Santa Claus will fill my Rob’s stocking to-night; that
+Mildred’s, Agnes’s, and Anna’s may break down with good things. I do not
+know what he may have for you and Mary, but if he leaves you one-half of
+what I wish, you will want for nothing. I think if I had one of you on
+each side of me, riding on ponies, I would be quite happy.”
+
+Not long after, he wrote to his boys thus:
+
+“The ponies here cost from ten to fifty dollars. I have three horses,
+but _Creole_ is my pet. She is a golden dun color, and takes me over all
+the ditches I have yet met with.”
+
+When the war was at last ended, in 1848, Captain Lee went home for a
+short rest, after which he was sent to West Point, as the Superintendent
+of the Academy from whose walls he had gone forth twenty-three years
+before. His duty was to watch over the studies and training of the boys
+who would one day be officers in the army.
+
+
+    Corps (kōre), a body of troops.
+    Of′ficer, one who has charge of soldiers.
+    Lävå, melted matter flowing from a volcano.
+    Fēat, a great deed.
+    Lieuten′ant (lutĕn′ant), an officer next below a captain.
+
+  Tell me—
+    When Robert became Lieutenant Lee.
+    Whom he married.
+    Where he was sent in 1837.
+    What war broke out in 1846.
+    About a great feat performed by Captain Lee.
+    Where he was sent in 1848.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER III.
+                           A Cavalry Officer.
+
+
+After being three years at West Point, Captain Lee was sent to Texas as
+Lieutenant-Colonel (kûrnel) of the Second Regiment of Cavalry.
+Cavalrymen are soldiers who fight on horseback and who carry sabers, and
+pistols, and short guns, called carbines.
+
+Colonel Lee did not wish to leave the Engineer Corps, as he had become
+very fond of the work, and had won a high rank in it; but, as he had
+been promoted to a higher place, he thought it best to take it. When at
+West Point, he had been a fine horseman. He was still fond of horses and
+liked to see them fed and well taken care of. Though now forty-six years
+of age, he still had a firm seat in the saddle and rode well. His
+regiment was sent to the new State of Texas, where his duty was to watch
+the Indians and keep them from killing the whites.
+
+                [Illustration: LEE CHASING THE INDIANS.]
+
+I have no doubt that Colonel Lee enjoyed riding over the vast plains of
+Texas, but life in the forts was not very pleasant to such a man as Lee.
+The forts were in the midst of dreary plains, and there were only a few
+men at each post. The scouting parties were led by lieutenants, and the
+higher officers would remain at the forts to see that all went right.
+Such a lonely life did not suit our hero, but he made the best of it.
+
+Near his first post, Camp Cooper, was an Indian Reserve, where the
+Indians would come to be fed by the Government. When it was cold and
+food was scarce, they would come in; but when the grass grew in the
+spring and the game was fat, they would go off and become wild and
+savage enough to kill those who had been kind to them.
+
+Catumseh, a Comanche chief, was at the Reserve when Lee was at Camp
+Cooper. Lee thought it would be better to visit him and tell him that he
+would trust him as a friend so long as he behaved; but if he did not
+behave he would take him for a foe. Catumseh was not much pleased with
+Lee’s speech, but gave an ugly grunt and said that, as he had _six_
+wives, he was a “big Indian.” Lee had better “get _more wives_ before he
+talked.” This visit did not do much good. Catumseh was no doubt taking
+the measure of Lee’s scalp, while Lee was displeased with the sly and
+filthy savage.
+
+The Comanche Indians were then the fiercest tribe in that region. They
+ate raw meat, slept on the ground, and were great thieves and murderers.
+They were fine horsemen, and moved swiftly from place to place on their
+ponies.
+
+In June, 1856, Lee was sent with four companies of his regiment on an
+expedition against the Comanches, but they could not be found. The wily
+savages had fled to their desert retreats, where foot of pale face had
+never trod.
+
+From Camp Cooper he writes to Mrs. Lee:
+
+“My Fourth-of-July was spent after a march of thirty miles in one of the
+branches of the Bra′zos, under my blanket, which rested on four sticks
+driven in the ground, as a sun-shade. The sun was fiery hot, the air
+like a furnace, and the water salt; still my love for my country was as
+great, my faith in her future as true, as they would have been under
+better circumstances.”
+
+The change of weather in Texas is sometimes very great.
+
+In another letter, he tells his wife about a cold wind or norther. “I
+came here in a cold norther, and though I pitched my tent in the most
+sheltered place I could find, I found this morning, when getting up, my
+bucket of water, which was close by my bed, so hard frozen that I had to
+break the ice before I could pour the water into the basin.”
+
+While Colonel Lee rode with his troopers from fort to fort, a dreadful
+disease broke out among them. Many died, but Colonel Lee did not catch
+the disease, though he lived among his men and ran great risks. In these
+sad times, his thoughts were ever with his dear ones at home.
+
+In a letter dated Camp Cooper, June 9, 1857, he tells about the sickness
+of the troopers:
+
+“The great heat has made much sickness among the men. The children, too,
+have suffered. A bright little boy died from it a few days since. He was
+the only child, and his parents were much grieved at his loss * * *. For
+the first time in my life, I read the service of our Church over the
+grave to a large number of soldiers.” A few days after, he again read
+the service over a little boy who had died with the disease.
+
+In a long letter from Fort Brown, Texas, December, 1856, he says:
+
+“I thought of you and wished to be with you.” He wrote again: “Though
+absent, my heart will be in the midst of you; I can do nothing but love
+and pray for you all. My daily walks are alone, up and down the banks of
+the river, and my chief pleasure comes from my own thoughts, and from
+the sight of the flowers and animals I meet with here.”
+
+In the midst of this wild, lonely life he was ever true to his faith in
+Christ, which he had professed after the Mexican war.
+
+There was at Arlington a large yellow cat, called Tom Tita. All the
+family were fond of him, and Colonel Lee among the rest. This led him to
+write home about the cats he saw in his travels. He told once of a cat
+called by his mistress Jim Nooks. He was a great pet, but at last died
+from eating too much. He had coffee and cream for breakfast, pound cake
+for lunch, turtle and oysters for dinner, buttered toast and Mexican
+rats, taken raw, for supper. He was very handsome, but his “beauty could
+not save him.” The kindness of his mistress was his ruin.
+
+                       [Illustration: TOM TITA.]
+
+Again he told his little girl about a cat which was dressed up. He had
+two holes bored in each ear, and in each wore bows of pink and blue
+ribbon. He was snow-white and wore a gold chain on his neck. His tail
+and feet were tipped with black, and his eyes of green were truly
+cat-like.
+
+In the summer of 1857, he was made Colonel (kûr′nel) of his regiment.
+The next fall his father-in-law, Mr. Custis, died, and Colonel Lee went
+home for a short time. Mr. Custis left Arlington and the rest of his
+land to Mrs. Lee, and he also willed that at the end of five years all
+of his slaves should be set free. He had chosen Colonel Lee to see that
+his will was carried out.
+
+Colonel Lee stayed as long as he could with his lonely wife, and then
+went back to his post in Texas. It must have been far from easy for him
+to go back to the wild, hard life on the plains. There were then no
+railroads. The United States mail was carried on mules, by armed
+soldiers who rode in a gallop from place to place. Often they were slain
+by the Indians, who would scalp them and leave their bodies to be found
+by the troopers as they chased the savages back to their retreats.
+
+Two years more were spent in Texas, when, in October, 1859, we find him
+again at home, and taking part in a great tragedy.
+
+A man, named John Brown, made a plan to set free the negro slaves who
+were then in the South, and to kill all the whites. This plot did not
+succeed, and John Brown and his men took refuge in the Round House at
+Harper’s Ferry. Colonel Lee, who was then at home on a furlough, was
+ordered to take a band of soldiers and capture these bold men. He went
+at once to Harper’s Ferry and quickly took them prisoners. They were
+then tried and hung for treason.
+
+Just here, I must tell you that the slaves were blacks, or negroes, who
+had first been brought to this country from Africa, in 1619, by the
+Dutch, and sold to the Virginia planters. At first, the planters bought
+them out of pity, as they were badly treated by the Dutch. But after a
+time it was found that the negroes worked well in the corn and tobacco
+fields, and that they made money for their masters.
+
+  [Illustration: COL. R. E. LEE AT JOHN BROWN’S FORT, HARPER’S FERRY.]
+
+Many men at the North were sea-going men, and they soon found out that,
+by sailing over the ocean to Africa and catching the blacks, they could
+sell them at a great profit to themselves. This they did, and men both
+at the North and South bought them, though, even then, there were some
+people at the South who thought it wrong to buy and sell human beings.
+
+In the State of Georgia it was for a time against the law to hold negro
+slaves.
+
+After a while, it was found that the climate at the North was too cold
+for the negro to thrive. It did not pay the men at the North to keep
+them, and so they were sold to the Southern planters.
+
+In the South, the climate was hot, like that of their native Africa, so
+they did well in that sunny land.
+
+In 1808, it was made unlawful to bring any more slaves from Africa to
+the United States. The people at the South were glad that the trade in
+slaves was stopped, but the Northern traders were of course sorry that
+they could make no more money in that way.
+
+When the negroes were first brought from Africa, they were heathen
+savages; but, after a few years, they learned the speech and customs of
+the whites; and, more than all, the worship of the true God. In thinking
+of this, we have to admit that slavery must have been permitted by the
+Lord in order to bring a heathen people out of darkness into the light
+of the Gospel.
+
+There were now four millions of negroes in the South. There was great
+love between the blacks and their masters, as we have seen when John
+Brown tried to get the former to rise up and slay the whites. For years,
+there had been a feeling in the North that it was wrong to own slaves,
+and some of the people began to hate the South and to try to crush it.
+
+The South felt that they owned the slaves under the law, or Constitution
+of the United States, and that they ought to be let alone. They also
+claimed that the slaves, as a class, were better treated than any other
+working people in the world. They, moreover, said that the Southern
+States had a perfect right to go out of the Union, if they wished, and
+set up a government for themselves. This the North denied; and thus they
+quarreled about the rights of States, and slavery, and other things,
+until they began to think of war.
+
+In a short time after the John Brown Raid, Colonel Lee was back at his
+post in Texas, but he was much troubled at the state of his dear
+country. He loved the Union and had lived nearly all his life in its
+service; but he knew that Virginia was in the right, and that he could
+not fight against his native State.
+
+So, when the war came, he left the United States Army to fight for
+Virginia and the South.
+
+He was offered the chief command of the United States Army if he would
+remain in the “Union” service. He knew that if he went with the South he
+would lose his rank, and also his lovely home—Arlington, but “‘none of
+these things moved him’; his only wish was _to know, that he might walk
+the path of duty_.”
+
+He said to Mr. Blair, who came to offer him the command of the army: “If
+I owned the four millions of slaves in the South, I would give them all
+up to save the Union, but how can I draw my sword upon Virginia, my
+native State?” So, when Mr. Lincoln called for troops to send against
+the South, Lee turned his back upon “wealth, rank, and all that a great
+power could give him, and offered his stainless sword to his native
+State.” His great soul was wrung with grief, but he obeyed the call of
+duty.
+
+He went at once to Richmond, and was made Major-General of the Virginia
+troops. His three sons also joined the Confederate army.
+
+General Lee was now fifty-four years old. He had been thirty-two years
+in the service of the United States.
+
+The great “Civil War” now began. The eleven Southern States which had
+left the “Union” were now called “The Confederate States of America”;
+Mr. Jefferson Davis was made President of them, and Richmond in Virginia
+was made the capital city.
+
+
+    Sā′bers, swords with broad blades.
+    Furlough (fûr′lō), a leave of absence.
+    Trea′son (trē′zon), the act of being false to one’s country.
+    Promō′ted, raised to a higher rank.
+    Rĕg′iment, a body of troops under a colonel.
+    Trăg′ēdy, an action in which the life of a person is taken.
+
+    [Illustration: VIRGINIA STATE CAPITOL, FORMERLY OCCUPIED BY THE
+                         CONFEDERATE CONGRESS.]
+
+  What do you know about—
+    Cavalrymen?
+    Colonel Lee’s life in Texas?
+    Catumseh?
+    The Comanche Indians?
+    The negroes?
+    John Brown?
+    The wish of Lee?
+    What he deemed his duty?
+    The great “Civil War”?
+
+                     [Illustration: {uncaptioned}]
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER IV.
+                         A Confederate General.
+
+
+In this little book I cannot tell all that happened during the Civil
+War, but only as much as will relate to our hero, General Lee.
+
+There were now two governments—one at the North; the other at the South.
+Mr. Abraham Lincoln was President of the North, or Federals, while Mr.
+Jefferson Davis was the President of the South, or Confederates. The
+first thought of the North was to defend Washington, their capital city;
+while the South was just as busy taking care of Richmond, and getting
+arms and troops ready for war.
+
+In this war, brother fought against brother, and friend against friend.
+It was a time of great trouble all over the land. At the North, one
+hundred thousand men were enlisted in three days. At the South, the
+feeling was more intense. Men rushed to arms from all parts of the
+country.
+
+You must notice that from the first of the war, the South was much
+poorer in the number of men and arms than the North. There were at the
+North eighteen millions of whites; while at the South, there were only
+six millions. Through all the South, there could be found only fifteen
+thousand new rifles and about one hundred thousand old muskets.
+
+The Federals wore a uniform of blue, while the Confederates were clad in
+gray; hence they were sometimes called “the blue” and “the gray.”
+
+The first blood which flowed in this war was shed in Baltimore. The
+Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, as it was passing through the city on its
+way south, was attacked by a band of men who loved the South and could
+not bear to see them marching on to fight their brethren. In the fierce
+street fight which followed, several men were killed. This happened on
+April the 19th, 1861.
+
+            [Illustration: GEN. R. E. LEE IN WEST VIRGINIA.]
+
+The first gun of the war was fired at half-past four o’clock April 12,
+1861, at Fort Sumter, in South Carolina. This fort was taken by the
+Confederates after a fight of thirty-four hours, in which no one was
+hurt on either side.
+
+During the first months of the war, General Lee was kept in Richmond to
+send Virginia men, who came to fight for the South, to the places where
+they were most needed. All around Richmond were camps, where men were
+trained for war. The largest of these camps was called “Camp Lee,” after
+our hero. But in July, 1861, Lee was sent to Western Virginia, and was,
+for the first time, commander of troops in the field.
+
+Just then, there were heavy rains and a great deal of sickness among the
+men of his small army, so that he was not able to attack the enemy, as
+he had planned.
+
+After some time, it was thought best to give up Western Virginia, and
+General Lee went back to Richmond, where he stayed only a short time. In
+November, 1861, he was sent south to build a line of forts along the
+coasts of South Carolina and Georgia. In four months’ time he did much
+to show his skill as an engineer.
+
+But a large Northern army, under General McClellan, was at the gates of
+Richmond, and Lee was sent for to take charge of all the armies of the
+South. Very soon, a battle was fought at Seven Pines, May 31st, which
+stopped General McClellan’s “On to Richmond.” In that battle General
+Johnston, the commanding general, was badly wounded, and General Lee was
+put in his place. Lee was swift to plan and as swift to act. His task
+was hard. The hosts of the North were at the gates of Richmond. The
+folks on the house-tops could see their camp-fires and hear the roar of
+their cannon. Lee at once began to make earth-works, and to place his
+men for battle. Every day, now, a fine-looking man, clad in a neat gray
+uniform, might be seen riding along the line.
+
+He wished to know what was going on in the camp of the foe, and now the
+right man came forward. His name was J. E. B. Stuart, best known as Jeb
+Stuart. He led his brave troopers quite around the army of the North and
+found out all that Lee wished to know. He was ever after this, until his
+death, the “eyes and ears” of Lee.
+
+“Stonewall” Jackson now came from the Valley with his brave men, and Lee
+at once began the “Seven Days’ Battle.” Stuart was “the eyes and ears”
+of Lee, and Jackson was his “right arm,” as you will learn before you
+get through with this little book.
+
+For seven days the battle went on, and at last the Army of the Potomac,
+under General McClellan, was forced back to the James river, and
+Richmond was saved from the foe by the skill of Lee and the valor of his
+men.
+
+Lee now marched north towards Washington City, and in August, 1862, met
+the army of General Pope and fought the Second Battle of Manassas. Lee
+had made a bold plan to put the army of Pope to flight. He sent
+Stonewall Jackson fifty-six miles around to the rear of Pope, while he
+(Lee) kept him in check in front.
+
+Jackson’s men marched so fast that they were called “foot cavalry.” They
+ate apples and green corn as they marched along, for they had no time to
+stop. Only one man among them knew where they were going. Little cared
+they, for Stonewall Jackson led the way.
+
+On the evening of the second day, Jackson, with twenty thousand men, was
+between Pope and Washington city. Lee was in front of Pope with the rest
+of the army.
+
+General Jackson fell upon Manassas Junction and took three hundred
+prisoners and many car-loads of food and clothes. After the men had
+eaten what food they wanted, they burned the rest and moved away.
+
+Jackson found a good position from which to fight, and when Pope’s men
+came up was ready for them. They fought all day, and when the powder and
+shot gave out the Southern men fought with stones.
+
+All this time Lee, with most of the men, was coming round to help
+Jackson. How eagerly Jackson looked for help! He had only twenty
+thousand men against three times that many. At last Lee came up, and the
+battle was won (August 30th). Many brave men were killed on both sides,
+but Lee was the victor. In three months’ time he had driven the foe from
+Richmond, and was now in front of Washington with his army.
+
+He now sent General Jackson to Harper’s Ferry, where he took as
+prisoners twelve thousand men of the North, September 15th. Jackson then
+hurried back to Lee, who had crossed the Potomac and gone over into
+Maryland, on September 5, 1862.
+
+At Sharpsburg sometimes called Antietam (Ante’tam), he again met the
+fresh army of McClellan and fought one of the most bloody battles of the
+war. Lee had only half as many men as McClellan, but when, after the
+battle, Lee thought it best to return to Virginia, McClellan did not
+follow him. Lee led his army back to Virginia without the loss of a gun
+or a wagon, and they rested near Winchester, Virginia.
+
+            [Illustration: LAST MEETING OF LEE AND JACKSON.]
+
+General Lee, in his tent near Winchester, heard of the death of his
+daughter Annie. She had been his dearest child, and his grief at her
+death was great; but he wrote thus to Mrs. Lee:
+
+“But God in this, as in all things, has mingled mercy with the blow by
+selecting the one best prepared to go. May you join me in saying ‘His
+will be done!’”
+
+It was now McClellan’s turn to attack Lee, but he was slow to move—so
+slow that Mr. Lincoln sent him word “to cross the Potomac and give
+battle to the foe, and drive him south.” But still he did not move, and
+Lee, who was also wanting to move, sent Jeb Stuart over into Maryland to
+find out what McClellan was doing. That gallant man again went around
+the whole Northern army, and came back safe to Lee, having found out
+what Lee wished to know.
+
+The Northern army now came back to Virginia and Lee moved to
+Fredericksburg, a town on the Rappahannock river.
+
+Burnside was now put at the head of the Northern army in the place of
+General McClellan, whom Mr. Lincoln accused of being too slow.
+
+Lee placed his men on the heights above the river, on the south side,
+while Burnside’s hosts were on Stafford Heights and the plains below.
+
+At daylight on December 13, 1862, the battle began, and was fought
+bravely by both sides. But Burnside’s men had little chance, since Lee’s
+men from above poured the shot and shell so fast that they could not
+move forward.
+
+The noise of this battle was terrible, as there were three hundred
+cannon roaring at once.
+
+Cooke, a great writer, tells us that as Burnside’s guns were fired
+directly at the town, the houses were soon on fire and a dense cloud of
+smoke hung over its roofs and steeples. Soon the red flames leaped up
+high above the smoke and the people were driven from their homes.
+Hundreds of women and children were seen wandering along the frozen
+roads, not knowing where to go.
+
+General Lee stood upon a ridge which is now called “Lee’s Hill,” and
+watched this painful scene. For a long time he stood silent, and then,
+in his deep, grave voice, said these words, which were the most bitter
+that he was ever known to utter: “These people delight to destroy the
+weak, and those who can make no defence; it just suits them.”
+
+When the day was done, Lee was again victor.
+
+                 [Illustration: LEE AT FREDERICKSBURG.]
+
+In less than _six months_ Lee had fought _four_ great battles—all
+victorious to his arms, except that of Sharpsburg, which was neither a
+victory nor defeat. The Southern army was now full of hope and courage.
+At the battle of Fredericksburg, Lee had only sixty thousand men, while
+Burnside’s army numbered over one hundred thousand. In this battle Lee
+lost five thousand men, while twelve thousand of Burnside’s men lay
+stark and cold upon the bloody field.
+
+Lee grieved over the loss of his brave men, and for the good people of
+Fredericksburg who had lost their homes by fire during the fight. He now
+waited day after day for Burnside to attack, but in vain. At length Lee
+went into winter quarters in a tent at the edge of an old pine field
+near Fredericksburg, and began to get ready for fight when the spring
+came. It was at this time that among a number of fowls given to Lee, was
+a fine hen which began the egg business before her head came off, and
+Bryan, Lee’s servant, saved her for the egg which he found each day in
+the General’s tent. Lee would leave the door of the tent open for the
+hen to go in and out. She roosted and rode in the wagon, and was an
+eye-witness of the battle of Chancellorsville. She was also at the
+battle of Gettysburg; but when orders were given to fall back, the hen
+could not be found. At last, they saw her perched on top of the wagon,
+ready to go back to her native State.
+
+                    [Illustration: GEN. LEE’S HEN.]
+
+In 1864, when food began to get scarce and Bryan was in sore need for
+something nice for guests, he killed the good old hen unknown to her
+master. At dinner, General Lee thought it a very fine fowl, not dreaming
+that Bryan had killed his pet.
+
+It was now time for Lee to carry out the will of old Mr. Custis and set
+free his slaves. Many of them had been carried off by the Northern men,
+but now he wrote out the deed and set them free by law. He wrote thus of
+them to Mrs. Lee:
+
+“They are all entitled to their freedom, and I wish them to have it.
+Those that have been carried away I hope are free and happy.”
+
+He had set free his own slaves years before.
+
+Lee had proved so great a leader that the people of the South began to
+look to him with great love and hope.
+
+During these battles, of which I have told you, one-half of the Southern
+men were in rags, and many were without shoes. Yet shoeless, hatless,
+ragged and starving, they followed Lee and fought his battles. Their pet
+name for him was “Marse Robert.” They knew that their great chief cared
+for them, and would not send them into danger if he could help it; and
+it was no fault of his if their food was scant and poor. They learned to
+love and trust him. “Marse Robert says so,” was their battle-cry.
+
+
+    Prĕs′ident, the head of a free people.
+    Mĕr′cy, kindness.
+    Găl′lant, brave; daring in fight.
+    Vĭc′tor, one who wins.
+    Posĭ′tion, place.
+
+  Tell about—
+    The two governments.
+    The first blood shed.
+    The first gun fired.
+    “Camp Lee.”
+    Where General Lee was first sent.
+    The “On to Richmond.”
+    Jeb Stuart. “Stonewall” Jackson.
+    The Second Battle of Manassas.
+    Sharpsburg. Fredericksburg.
+    The will of Mr. Custis.
+    The soldiers’ love for Lee.
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER V.
+                         A Confederate General.
+                             (_Continued._)
+
+
+When the spring of 1863 came, the two armies were still in sight of each
+other near Fredericksburg. A new man, General Hooker, sometimes called
+“Fighting Joe,” had been put at the head of the army of the North. Take
+note that he was the fourth general that President Lincoln had sent
+forth within a year to conquer Lee.
+
+Lee watched his new foe, and when he had found out his plans was ready
+for him. He fell back to a place called Chancellorsville, and there, in
+the midst of a dense forest, the fight took place (May 2, 3).
+
+While the battle was going on, Lee sent Jackson to the rear to cut
+Hooker off from a ford in the river. Jackson’s men moved through the
+forest so swiftly and with so little noise that they fell upon Hooker’s
+men with a loud yell before he knew they were near. They rushed out like
+a thunder-bolt and swept down upon the line like a flash of lightning.
+The foe did not wait, but turned and fled.
+
+It was now nearly dark, and, as Jackson rode forward to view the way, he
+was shot by his own men, who, in the dim light, thought that he and his
+aids were a squad of Northern cavalry. He was shot in three places—in
+his right hand, his left forearm, and again in the same limb near the
+shoulder. He was placed in a litter and taken from the field. All care
+was taken of this great and good man, but he died the next Sunday. His
+last words were:
+
+“Order A. P. Hill to prepare for action. Pass the infantry to the front.
+Tell Major Hawkes”—he stopped and then said, as if the fight was over,
+“Let us pass over the river and rest under the trees.”
+
+Thus passed away the great Stonewall Jackson, the “right arm of Lee.”
+
+For two days after Jackson was wounded, the fight went on and raged with
+great fury. General Hooker was struck by a piece of wood split off by a
+cannon ball, and for a time was thought dead.
+
+Lee made bold plans and his brave men carried them out. Stuart, who had
+taken Stonewall Jackson’s command, led his men to battle, singing “Old
+Joe Hooker, won’t you come out of the wilderness.”
+
+At last the battle of Chancellorsville was won and Hooker was forced
+back to his old camp at Fredericksburg.
+
+Chancellorsville was Lee’s greatest battle, but its glory was clouded by
+Jackson’s death. General Lee wrote to his wife, May 11, 1863:
+
+“You will see we have to mourn the loss of the good and great Jackson. *
+* * I know not how to replace him, but God’s will be done.”
+
+In this battle Lee had only fifty-three thousand men, one-third as many
+men as Hooker.
+
+                 [Illustration: GEN. STONEWALL JACKSON]
+
+In June, 1863, Lee again crossed the Potomac and met an army under
+General Meade at Gettysburg, in Pennsylvania.
+
+Lee had two reasons for this move. One was to get food for his men and
+horses; and the other to draw the Northern army away from its strong
+forts around Washington city. He gave strict orders to his men not to
+steal and rob. This is a part of his order:
+
+“The commanding general thinks that no greater disgrace could befall the
+army, and through it our whole people, than to commit outrages on the
+innocent and defenceless. * * * It must be remembered that we make war
+only upon _armed men_.”
+
+This order, with its noble Christ-like spirit, will remain the “undying
+glory of Lee”; for all his property had been taken by the Federals. His
+wife and daughters were homeless, yet he did not fail to return good for
+evil.
+
+When Lee started into Maryland, he sent Jeb Stuart on ahead to guard the
+right flank of his army. By some mishap, he crossed the Potomac too far
+to the east, and soon found that the whole Federal army was between him
+and General Lee. By hard fighting and riding he at last joined Lee at
+Gettysburg, but not until after the fight had begun. Lee was thus
+without his “eyes and ears,” as we have called General Stuart, and could
+not tell just where the foe was. Neither Lee nor Meade had planned to
+fight at Gettysburg, but they fell upon each other pretty much like two
+men groping in the dark.
+
+For the first two days (July 1, 2) Lee’s men drove back the enemy. On
+the third day, at 1 o’clock P. M., Lee began to fight with one hundred
+and fifty big guns. For two hours the air was alive with shells. Then,
+out of the woods swept the Confederate battle line, over a mile long,
+under General Pickett. A thrill of wonder ran along the Federal lines as
+that grand column of fifteen thousand men marched, with ragged clothes,
+but bright guns and red battle-flags flying, up the slope of Cemetery
+Ridge. Down upon them came shot and shell from guns on the heights above
+and round them.
+
+The line was broken, but on they went. They planted their Confederate
+flags on the breast-work; they fought hand to hand and killed men at the
+cannon with the bayonet; but down from the hill rushed tens of thousands
+of Federals, and many who were not killed were taken prisoners. Few got
+back to tell the story. That night the stars looked down upon a field of
+dead and dying men and also upon a sad general. Lee’s orders had not
+been obeyed, and, for the first time, he had been foiled.
+
+Lee afterwards said to a friend, “Had I had Stonewall Jackson at
+Gettysburg, I would have won a great victory.”
+
+He had made a bold plan to attack early in the day; but it was not done,
+and thus Meade got time to bring up his troops. Meade did not attack
+Lee, who rested that night upon the same ground as the night before.
+
+Lee now had but little powder and shot. On the next day, the 4th of
+July, he started his long trains of wounded and prisoners towards
+Virginia; and, at the same time, buried his dead. That night, in a
+storm, the army began its homeward march, and reached the Potomac river
+to find it too high to cross. Calm and brave, Lee sent his wounded over
+in boats and got ready for Meade. But Meade was in no mood to attack Lee
+and came up slowly.
+
+While waiting for the river to fall, Lee heard of the capture of his son
+Gen. W. H. F. Lee.
+
+On the 13th, Lee’s men began to cross the river, and by the next night
+they were again safe in Virginia.
+
+The men lost at Gettysburg were never replaced, for the South had sent
+forth all her fighting men and had no more to give.
+
+The rest of the year passed without any great battle. Lee’s chief
+concern was to get food and clothes for his men and to watch Meade, who
+would not give battle.
+
+About this time the city of Richmond presented to Lee a house. This he
+kindly but firmly refused to take, and begged that what means the city
+had to spare might be given to the families of his poor soldiers.
+
+Late in November, General Meade moved towards Lee, who had built strong
+forts at Mine Run. But Meade found the forts too strong for attack and
+withdrew during the night.
+
+The next year a new man was sent against Lee—Ulysses S. Grant. Lee had
+now only sixty-two thousand men to meet Grant, who had _one hundred and
+twenty-five thousand_ men, and a wagon train that reached sixty-five
+miles.
+
+With this large army, Grant crossed the Rapidan river, and marched on to
+give Lee battle. Lee did not wait for Grant, but went forward and met
+his hosts in a place called the Wilderness, which was a vast forest full
+of underbrush, and with only narrow roads here and there. It was a bad
+place in which to fight a battle, for no man could see but a few yards
+around him. Cannon and horsemen were of no use, because they could not
+move through the tangled bushes.
+
+Grant did not know that Lee’s men were so near. But when they rushed
+into these wilds and boldly began the fight he had to give battle. For
+two days, May 5th and 6th, 1864, two hundred thousand men in blue and
+gray fought breast to breast in the thickets. Men fell and died unseen,
+their bodies lost in the bushes and their death-groans drowned in the
+roar of battle.
+
+In the midst of these horrors, the woods caught on fire and many of the
+wounded were burnt alive. Lee, however, pressed forward, and when night
+closed had taken a portion of the Federal breast-works.
+
+During the fight of the 6th, General Lee placed himself at the head of
+some men from Texas to lead the charge. “Hurrah for Texas!” he cried,
+and ordered the charge. But the soldiers, anxious for their dear
+general, shouted, “Lee to rear!” A gray-haired soldier seized his
+bridle, saying, “General Lee, if you do not go back, we will not go
+forward!” So General Lee reined back his horse and the brave Texans
+swept on to victory and death.
+
+On the morning of the 7th, Grant made no motion to attack Lee, but that
+night marched towards Spotsylvania Court-House. Lee at once found out
+his plans and began a race to reach there first. When the front of
+Grant’s army reached the Court-House the next morning, they found Lee’s
+men behind breast-works and ready for the fight. Lee had gotten between
+Grant and Richmond! That evening the two great armies were again facing
+each other on the banks of the Po river. Here they threw up
+breast-works, which may yet be seen.
+
+For twelve days, Grant made many attacks upon Lee’s lines. Early on the
+morning of the 12th his men made an opening in Lee’s lines and poured in
+by thousands. Lee’s men ran up quickly and soon a most terrible fight
+took place. The trenches ran with blood and the space was piled with
+dead bodies, whose lips were black with powder from biting cartridges.
+
+              [Illustration: LEE IN FRONT OF HIS TROOPS.]
+
+Though Grant held that position, he could not break through the second
+line. The little army in gray stood as firm as the mountains.
+
+In the fight of which I have just told you, General Lee again rode in
+front, with hat off, to lead the charge; but General Gordon dashed up
+and said:
+
+“These are Virginians and Georgians who have never failed. Go to the
+rear, General Lee.”
+
+Then he said to the men:
+
+“Must General Lee lead this charge?”
+
+“No! No!” they cried; “we will drive them back if General Lee will go to
+the rear.”
+
+They rushed off and once more hurled back the Federal troops.
+
+Grant now sent his cavalry general, Sheridan, on a raid near Richmond. A
+fierce battle was fought at Yellow Tavern, in which the famous Jeb
+Stuart was wounded so that he died the next day. Alas for Lee! Jackson
+and Stuart were both gone.
+
+Grant again moved to the rear, and Lee next moved to the North Anna
+river. While Grant was again trying to flank, Lee got to the old works
+at Cold Harbor. Grant made an attack at daylight. His troops, sinking
+into a swamp, were killed by thousands, while Lee lost but few men.
+
+A second assault was ordered, but the men would not move forward. About
+thirteen thousand of their comrades had been killed in less than half an
+hour, and they could no longer stand the awful fire.
+
+We are told by General Fitzhugh Lee that Lee’s men were hungry and mad.
+One cracker to a man, with no meat, was a luxury. One poor fellow, who
+had his cracker shot out of his hand before he could eat it, said: “The
+next time I’ll put my cracker in a safe place down by the breast-works
+where it won’t get wounded, poor thing!”
+
+Lee again stood in Grant’s way to Richmond. In the battles from the
+Wilderness to Cold Harbor, Grant had lost sixty thousand men, while
+Lee’s loss was eighteen thousand.
+
+Just before the battle of Cold Harbor, Grant had looked for Sigel to
+move up the Valley and fall upon Lee’s rear. But Sigel was met at New
+Market on May 15th by Breckenridge with five thousand troops, among
+which was a band of cadets from the Virginia Military Institute at
+Lexington. These boys fought like heroes, fifty of them being killed and
+wounded. Sigel was sent running back down the Valley, and Breckenridge
+then marched to the help of Lee.
+
+Grant then, on the night of June 12th, began to move his army south of
+the James river to march towards Petersburg, a city about twenty-one
+miles south of Richmond.
+
+The famous General Beauregard (Bo′re-gard) was at Petersburg with only
+about two thousand men, as he had sent the most of his troops to the
+north side of the James river to the help of Lee.
+
+Against these, on the 15th, General Grant sent eighteen thousand men.
+
+Beauregard held these men in check until Lee sent troops to aid him. Lee
+then came up with the main army, and Grant, having lost ten thousand
+men, now began to make trenches and build forts to protect his men, as
+he was going to lay siege to Petersburg, the key to Richmond.
+
+Lee had to defend both Richmond and Petersburg with lines thirty-five
+miles long, against Grant’s army, which was twice as large as his own.
+In fact, Grant had all the men that he asked for; while Lee’s ranks were
+thin and food was scarce. A fourth of a pound of meat and one pound of
+flour was all that each soldier had for one day.
+
+In this stress, it is said that Lee thought it best to give up Richmond
+and march south to join the army there. I do not know the truth of that
+statement. At any rate, he did not go, but went to work to make his
+lines stronger and to get in food for his men. One of his great cares
+was to keep Grant from getting hold of the railroads which brought food
+from the South and other parts of the country.
+
+Just here, it will be well to give you some of the war prices at that
+time. Flour brought, in Confederate money, two hundred and fifty dollars
+per barrel; meal, fifty dollars; corn, forty; and oats, twenty-five
+dollars per bushel. Brown sugar cost ten dollars per pound; coffee,
+twelve dollars; tea, thirty-five dollars; and they were scarce and hard
+to get. Woolen goods were scarce; calico cost thirty dollars per yard,
+and lead pencils one dollar a-piece. Women wore dresses that were made
+of cloth spun, woven and dyed by their own hands. Large thorns were used
+for pins and hair-pins, and shoes were made with wooden soles. Hats were
+made by girls out of wheat straw, plaited into a braid and then sewed
+into shape.
+
+Those were indeed hard times; but in spite of want and care, the spirits
+and courage of the Southern people did not flag. All food that could be
+spared was sent to Richmond, and every one hoped for the best.
+
+Time after time Grant’s men made attacks upon Lee’s works, but were
+always sent back faster than they came, by his watchful men.
+
+The shells from Grant’s big guns fell into the city of Petersburg day
+after day, bursting into the churches and houses, and making the people
+flee for their lives.
+
+One day, as General Lee was sitting on a chair under a tree at his
+headquarters, the “Clay House,” the balls fell so thick about him that
+his aids begged him to seek a safer place. He at last mounted his horse
+and rode away. A moment after, a gay young soldier sat down in the chair
+and tilted it back, saying, “I’ll see if I can fill Lee’s place for
+awhile.” Just then a ball struck the front round of the chair and cut it
+in twain. If Lee had been there, with the chair upon the ground, he
+would have been badly hurt. All thanked God that he was safe.
+
+On June 22d, the Confederates under General Mahone made a sally from
+their lines and gave the Federals a great surprise. As the Southern shot
+and shell burst upon them, they fled back into their lines and the
+Confederates brought off two thousand prisoners, four cannon and eight
+flags.
+
+On the same day, there was a fight at Reams’ Station, in which the
+Federals were put to flight and lost twelve guns and one thousand men.
+
+All this time, Grant was making earthworks and forts, and at last
+carried out a very cruel plan. From a spot out of sight, he had a mine
+dug until it reached under one of the Confederate forts. In that hole he
+had caused to be placed a blast of eight thousand pounds of powder. His
+plan was to blow a hole in Lee’s lines and then rush in with a large
+band of men and take the city.
+
+                  [Illustration: THE SOUTHERN STATES.]
+
+General Lee found out that they were digging the mine and where it was,
+and had a strong line made in the rear, while big guns were placed so as
+to fire across the breach when the mine was sprung.
+
+At that time there were only thirteen thousand men in the trenches at
+Petersburg, as General Lee had been forced to send some of his troops to
+the north of the James to check a move which Grant had made on purpose
+to draw off Lee’s men from the mine.
+
+Just at dawn, July 30th, the blast was fired. A great roar was heard,
+and then two hundred and fifty-six men from South Carolina and
+twenty-two from Petersburg, with guns, large masses of earth, stones and
+logs, were thrown high into the air. A breach one hundred and
+thirty-five feet long, ninety feet wide, and thirty feet deep, had been
+made in the Confederate lines. Those near the spot were at first
+stunned, and those far away could not think what the noise meant.
+
+Grant’s guns fired at once all along the line, and a band of men marched
+out to rush in through the breach. When they had rushed across the space
+to the gap, they found a deep pit at their feet.
+
+                [Illustration: EXPLOSION OF THE CRATER.]
+
+The Confederates had now gained their wits, and at once opened fire. The
+storm of shot and shell forced the Federals down into the pit for
+shelter; but when there, they could not get out. Band after band of
+Federals were sent forward to charge the works, but they either fell
+into the Crater or ran back to their own lines.
+
+Two hours had now passed, when black troops were sent to seize the guns
+which were doing such deadly work. They marched bravely up, but the
+Confederate fire was too hot for them and they ran for their lives—some
+into the Crater, and some back to their own lines. White troops were
+again sent forward, but they, too, were driven back. All this time the
+Crater was full of wounded, struggling and dying men, upon whom the hot
+sun beat and shot poured down.
+
+Soon General Lee rode up, and by his orders, General Mahone, with
+Weisiger’s and Wright’s brigades, came up and charged with a yell upon
+the Federals who had for the first time reached the breast-works. There
+was a fierce hand-to-hand fight, but the Federals were quickly forced
+back.
+
+All honor is due to the few men who had so bravely held the breach until
+help came.
+
+Just at this time a white flag was seen to float above the side of the
+Crater, which told that some were alive down there and ready to give up.
+
+In this strange fight Grant lost about four _thousand_ men and Lee about
+four _hundred_.
+
+The pluck and skill of Lee and a few men had foiled a well-laid plan and
+showed what these brave heroes could do after years of toil and battle.
+
+Lee now thought that if he would again send troops to threaten
+Washington, he might cause Grant to move some of his large army there,
+and thus give him (Lee) a chance to hurl back the hosts of Grant from
+Richmond. So he sent General Early down the Valley into Maryland with
+only ten thousand men.
+
+They went as fast as they could, and on July 9th met, at Monocacy
+Bridge, General Lew Wallace with seven thousand men. Having whipped him
+and taken from him two thousand men, Early marched on to Washington.
+
+On the 10th, his troops marched thirty miles, and on the 11th were in
+front of Washington. But his force was too small and too much worn out
+to try to attack the city. He coolly camped in front of it all day, and
+at night after a fight with some Federal troops sent to catch him, went
+back into Virginia.
+
+This raid of Early’s did not move Grant. He left Mr. Lincoln to take
+care of Washington and kept the most of his men massed in front of Lee’s
+lines.
+
+It was about this time that the Federal General Sheridan passed up the
+Valley and burned two thousand barns filled with wheat and hay, and
+seventy mills filled with flour. He also drove off and killed four
+thousand head of stock. The boast was that “if a crow wants to fly down
+the Valley he must carry his food along.”
+
+This was a part of the plan to crush and starve Lee, for a great part of
+his flour and meat was sent from the Valley.
+
+After many trials, on August 18th Grant at last got hold of the Weldon
+railroad, which brought supplies from the south. This was a great blow
+to Lee.
+
+In the fall of this year, when meat was scarce, General Wade Hampton
+sent a note to General Lee, telling him that there was a large drove of
+beeves in the rear of Grant’s army and asked leave to take a force of
+horsemen and drive out the cattle. General Lee at last told him to go,
+but urged him to take great care not to be caught.
+
+The men were well on their way when day broke, and rode on until dark,
+when they came to a halt in a road overhung by the branches of trees.
+Here they slept, men and horses, till just at dawn they sprang to their
+saddles, and with the well-known yell dashed into the camp of the foe.
+The Federals made a good fight for their meat; but at last fell back,
+and the Confederates captured and drove out more than two thousand
+beeves. These they brought safe into camp after having two fights and
+riding one hundred miles.
+
+This fresh meat was a great treat to Lee’s men and the cause of much
+fun.
+
+               [Illustration: JOHNNY REB AND BILLY YANK.]
+
+Lee’s lines were so close to Grant’s at one point that the men would
+often call over to each other. The Federals called the Confederates
+Johnny Rebs, while the Confederate name for the Federals was Billy
+Yanks. On the day after the beef raid, one of Grant’s men called out.
+
+“I say, Johnny Reb, come over. I’ve got a new blue suit for you.”
+
+“Blue suit?” growled out Johnny.
+
+“Yes,” said the other, “take off those greasy butternut clothes. I
+would, if I were you.”
+
+“Never you mind the _grease_, Billy Yank,” drawled out the Confederate,
+“I got _that out’n them beeves o’ yourn_.”
+
+Pop! went the Federal’s gun, and the Confederate was not slow to pop
+back at him.
+
+General Lee’s life was now full of care; as soon as one attack on his
+lines was over, another was begun. He lived in a tent and would go down
+to the trenches himself to see how his men were getting on.
+
+An old soldier relates that one day he came into the trenches when the
+firing was quite rapid. The men did not dare to cheer, lest they might
+bring a hotter fire from the foe, but they crowded around him and begged
+him to go back. But he calmly asked after their health and spoke words
+of cheer. Then he walked to a big gun and asked the lieutenant to fire,
+so that he might see its range and work. The officer said, with tears in
+his eyes, “General, don’t order me to fire this gun while you are here.
+They will open fire over there with all those big guns and you will
+surely get hurt. Go back out of range and I’ll fire all day.” General
+Lee was greatly touched by this, and went back, while the men quickly
+fired off the huge gun.
+
+Lee needed not only men, but food for those he had. Many men died from
+cold and want.
+
+The winter of 1864 and ’65 was a sad one for Lee and the South. There
+were no more men in the South to take the place of those who had been
+killed.
+
+The corn and wheat of the South had been burnt and the cattle killed by
+the Northern armies. The people sat down to empty tables and had no more
+food to send their men.
+
+Mrs. Lee, in her sick chair in Richmond, “with large heart and small
+means” knit socks, which she would send at once to the bare-footed men.
+
+On January 10, 1865, General Lee writes to Mrs. Lee:
+
+“Yesterday three little girls walked into my room, each with a small
+basket. The eldest had some fresh eggs, the second some pickles, and the
+third some pop-corn, which had grown in her garden. * * They had with
+them a young maid with a block of soap made by her mother. They were the
+daughters of a Mrs. Nottingham, a refugee from Northampton county. * * I
+had not had so nice a visit for a long time. I was able to fill their
+baskets with apples, and begged them to bring me hereafter nothing but
+kisses, and to keep the eggs, corn, etc., for themselves.”
+
+Lee’s men were ragged and starving, but they fought on till April 1st,
+1865, when, at Five Forks, the left wing of Grant’s large army swept
+around the right and rear of Lee, and made him give up Richmond and
+Petersburg.
+
+When the Southern troops were leaving Richmond, by law of Congress the
+tobacco houses were set on fire to keep them from falling into the hands
+of the foe. The fire spread, and Mrs. Lee’s house was in danger of being
+burnt. Friends came in and wished to move her to a place of safety, but
+she was loath to go. The fire had no terror for her as she thought of
+her husband with his band of ragged, starving men marching with their
+“faces turned from Richmond.” White clouds of dense smoke, with the
+light of fire in their folds, hung above the city as the Federal army,
+with waving flags and clashing music, marched in and stacked arms in the
+Capitol Square.
+
+In the meantime, Lee marched on towards Amelia Court-House, where he had
+ordered meat and bread to be sent for his men. But when he got there he
+found that it had been sent elsewhere, and now real want set in. His men
+had nothing to eat but corn, which they would parch at night and eat as
+they marched along. General Lee’s plan had been to march south and join
+General Johnston, but some time had been lost in looking for food, and
+General Grant’s hosts were near at hand.
+
+So Lee fell back towards Lynchburg, but on April 9th, 1865, being
+entirely surrounded by Grant’s vast army, he and his few ragged men
+surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox Court-House. Lee had only
+_eight thousand_ men, while Grant’s army numbered about _two hundred
+thousand_.
+
+In all these battles, of which I have told you, General Lee had never
+been really defeated; but he gave up at last because he had no more men
+and no more food. The Northern generals had all the men and food they
+asked for, as they had the world to draw from; but the South, being
+blockaded, or shut in by Northern ships of war, could not get what she
+needed from other lands.
+
+Lee did all that courage and genius could do against such odds, and was,
+without doubt, the greatest commander of his time.
+
+Colonel Venable, an officer on General Lee’s staff, tells this story of
+the surrender: “When I told General Lee that the troops in front were
+not able to fight their way out, he said ‘Then, there is nothing left me
+but to go and see General Grant, and I would rather _die a thousand
+deaths_.’”
+
+Another officer says that when Lee was thinking of the surrender he
+exclaimed, “How easily I could get rid of all this and be at rest! I
+have only to ride along the lines and all will be over. But,” he added
+quickly, “_it is our duty to live_, for what will become of the _women_
+and _children_ of the South if we are not here to support and protect
+them?”
+
+So, with a heart bursting with grief, he once more did his _duty_. He
+went at once to General Grant and surrendered himself and his few
+remaining men.
+
+By the terms of the surrender, Lee’s men gave up their fire-arms, but
+all who had horses took them home, “to work their little farms.”
+
+General Grant, it must be said, was most kind to General Lee and his
+men. He did not ask for General Lee’s sword, nor did Lee offer it to
+him; neither did he require Lee’s men to march up to stack their guns
+between ranks of Federals with flags flying and bands playing. Lee’s men
+simply went to places which were pointed out and stacked their guns.
+Their officers then signed a parole not to fight again against the
+_United States_. They were then free to go back to their homes, which,
+in some cases, were burnt—blight and want being on every side.
+
+After all, Grant did not go to Lee’s camp or to Richmond to exult over
+the men who had so often met him in battle; but he mounted his horse,
+and, with his staff, rode to Washington. Before going, he sent to Lee
+twenty-five thousand rations; for, as I have told you, Lee’s men had
+nothing to eat but parched corn.
+
+After the surrender, Lee rode out among his men, who pressed up to him,
+eager to “touch his person, or even his horse,” and tears fell down the
+powder-stained cheeks of the strong men. Slowly he said:
+
+“Men, we have fought the war together; I have done my best for you; my
+heart is too full to say more.”
+
+              [Illustration: LEE LEAVING APPOMATTOX C. H.]
+
+“And then in silence, with lifted hat, he rode through the weeping army
+towards his home in Richmond.”
+
+As General Lee rode on towards Richmond he was calm, and his thoughts
+dwelt much more on the state of the poor people at whose houses he
+stopped than upon his own bad fortune. When he found that all along the
+road the people were glad to see him and gave him gladly of what they
+had to eat, he said, “These good people are kind—too kind. They do too
+much—more than they are able to do—for us.”
+
+At a house which he reached just at night, a poor woman gave him a nice
+bed; but, with a kind shake of the head, he spread his blanket and slept
+upon the floor.
+
+The next day he stopped at the house of his brother, Charles Carter Lee;
+but, when night came, left the house and slept in his old black wagon.
+He could not give up at once the habits of a soldier.
+
+When, at last, the city of Richmond was in sight, he rode ahead with a
+few of his officers. A sad sight met his view. In the great fire of the
+3d of April, a large part of the city had been burned, and, as he rode
+up Main street, he saw only masses of black ruins.
+
+As he rode slowly, some of the people saw him, and at once the news
+flashed through the streets that General Lee had come.
+
+The people ran to greet him, and showed by cheers and the waving of hats
+and handkerchiefs how much they loved him.
+
+General Lee now went home and there again took up his duty. He had
+fought for the South, which had failed to gain the victory. He thought
+that it was now the duty of every good man to avoid hate and malice and
+do all that he could to build up the waste places of his dear land. He
+had been a soldier for forty years, and, for the first time since
+manhood, was in private life.
+
+He now enjoyed the company of his wife and children, and as long as he
+kept his parole and the laws in force where he lived, was thought to be
+safe. There were, however, steps taken to try him for treason; but
+General Grant went to the President and told him that his honor was
+pledged for the safety of General Lee, and that he wished him to be let
+alone. So, General Grant’s request was granted and no trial took place.
+
+After some months the Lee family left Richmond and went to live at the
+house of a friend in Powhatan county.
+
+The spring and summer of 1865 was spent by our hero in taking the rest
+which he so much needed.
+
+
+    Rĕf′ugee′, one who leaves home for safety.
+    Siēge, the act of besetting a fortified place.
+    Hûrled, thrown.
+    Gēnius, a great mind.
+    Surrĕn′der, the act of yielding to another.
+
+  What do you remember about—
+    Chancellorsville?
+    The death of General Jackson?
+    Gettysburg?
+    The Wilderness?
+    “Lee to the rear?”
+    Cold Harbor?
+    The siege of Richmond and Petersburg?
+    The surrender?
+    General Grant’s kindness?
+
+                [Illustration: VIRGINIA BATTLE-FIELDS.]
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER VI.
+                          A College President.
+
+
+In October, 1865, General Lee became President of Washington College, in
+Lexington, Virginia. Many other places of trust were offered him, but he
+chose to lead the young men of the South in the paths of peace and
+learning, as he had so nobly done in times of war.
+
+General Lee rode on his war-horse, Traveler, from Powhatan county to
+Lexington in four days. As he drew rein in front of the village inn, an
+old soldier knew him, gave the military salute, and, placing one hand
+upon the bridle and the other upon the stirrup, stood and waited for him
+to dismount.
+
+On October 2d, 1865, General Lee took the oath of office, before William
+White, Esq., justice of the peace. The General stood, dressed in a plain
+suit of gray, his arms folded, and his eyes calmly fixed upon Judge
+Brockenbrough, as he read the oath of office.
+
+The great chief was now changed into a college president. “I have,” said
+he, “a task which I cannot forsake.” That task was not easy, for the
+college had lost much during the war and now had to be built up in every
+way.
+
+    [Illustration: WASHINGTON & LEE UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGE CHAPEL.]
+
+He went to work with great skill and energy, and soon all felt that a
+great man was leading them.
+
+Some one has aptly said, “Suns seem larger when they set;” so it was
+with Lee. At this time of his life he appears nobler and grander than
+ever before. In his quiet study, away from the noise of the world, he
+gave his time and talents to the young men of his dear South. His
+earnest wish was to make Washington College a great seat of learning,
+and for this he worked and made wise plans.
+
+In March, 1866, he went to Washington city to appear as a witness before
+the committee which was inquiring into the state of things in the South.
+This was his first visit to any of the cities since the war, and it
+caused much comment.
+
+General Fitz. Lee tells us that the day after his return, he proposed a
+walk with one of his daughters, who said, in fun, that she did not
+admire the new hat which he was about to put on. “You do not like my
+hat?” said he; “why, there were a thousand people in Washington the
+other day admiring this hat.” This was the only time that he spoke of
+the crowds of people who sought him while in that city.
+
+When his nephew, General Fitz. Lee, wrote to know what he thought of
+having the Southern dead moved from the field of Gettysburg, he said, “I
+am not in favor of moving the ashes of the dead unless for a worthy
+object, and I know of no fitter resting-place for a soldier than the
+field on which he so nobly laid down his life.”
+
+It is sometimes asked if General Lee was content in the quiet of his
+home at Lexington. This is what he wrote to a friend:
+
+“For my own part, I much enjoy the charms of civil life, and find, too
+late, that I have wasted the best years of my life.”
+
+In his life as College President, duty was, as ever, his watchword. He
+knew each student by name, and just how well he studied.
+
+Once, when asked how a certain young man was getting along, he said: “He
+is a very quiet and orderly young man, but _he seems very careful not to
+injure the health of his father’s son_. Now, I do not want our young men
+to injure their health, but I want them to come as near it as possible.”
+
+One of his friends relates that, even amidst this busy life at college,
+he found time to be the most polite gentleman in town. “How often have I
+seen him,” says this friend, “in the stores and shops of Lexington,
+talking pleasantly with each new comer; or, walking a mile through mud
+and snow to call on some humble family, who will hand it down as an
+event in their lives that they had a visit from General Lee!”
+
+Seeing, during the first year, that the college chapel was not large
+enough, he at once began to plan for a new one. He chose the site for it
+in front of the other houses, so that it might be in full view. He then
+had the plan drawn under his own eye, and did not rest until it was
+finished and opened for the service of God.
+
+In this chapel his body now rests, as I shall tell you hereafter.
+
+Early in 1870, in the midst of these labors, his health began to fail.
+There was a flush upon his cheek, and an air of weariness about him
+which alarmed his friends. Rheumatism of the heart and other parts of
+the body had set in, and in March, 1870, he went south “to look upon
+other scenes and enjoy the breezes in the ‘land of sun and flowers.’”
+His daughter Agnes went with him.
+
+On this trip he once more went to see his father’s grave, on an island
+off the coast of Georgia, where, you remember, General Henry Lee was
+taken when so ill on board ship, and where he died. They placed fresh
+flowers upon the grave, which they found in good order, though the house
+had been burnt and the island laid waste.
+
+His health seemed better when again at home; but soon his step was
+slower, and the flush upon his cheek began to deepen. “A noble life was
+drawing to a close.”
+
+On the morning of October 12, 1870, the news flashed over the wires that
+General Lee was dead. He had taken cold at a vestry meeting. The church
+was cold and damp, and a storm was raging outside. He grew chilly, and
+when he reached home was unable to speak.
+
+                 [Illustration: GRAVE OF LEE’S FATHER.]
+
+Mrs. Lee wrote thus of his last hours:
+
+“My husband came in while we were at tea, and I asked where he had been,
+as we had waited some time for him. He did not reply, but stood up as if
+to say grace. No words came from his lips, but with a sad smile he sat
+down in his chair.”
+
+He could not speak! A bed was at once brought to the dining-room, and
+the doctors sent for. At first he grew better, but soon a change came
+for the worse.
+
+He rarely spoke except when sleeping, and then his thoughts were with
+his much-loved soldiers on the “dreadful battlefields.” Among his last
+words were, “Tell Hill he must come up.”
+
+Once when General Custis Lee said something about his getting well, he
+shook his head and pointed upward. When his doctor said, to cheer him,
+“How do you feel to-day, General?” General Lee said slowly, “I feel
+better.”
+
+The doctor then said:
+
+“You must make haste and get well. Traveler has been standing so long in
+the stable that he needs exercise.”
+
+The General made no reply, but shook his head and closed his eyes. Once
+or twice he put aside his medicine, saying, “It is no use.”
+
+On October 10th, about midnight, he was seized with a chill and his
+pulse became feeble and rapid. The next day he was seen to be sinking.
+He knew those around him, but was not able to speak. Soon after nine
+o’clock on the morning of the 12th, he closed his eyes on earthly things
+and his pure soul took its flight to God.
+
+It was thought that the strain and hardships of war, with sorrow for the
+“Lost Cause” and the griefs of his friends, had caused his death. Yet,
+to those who saw his calmness in all the trials of life, it did not seem
+true that his great soul had been worn away by them.
+
+The college chapel was chosen by Mrs. Lee as a burial place for her
+husband, and one-and-a-half o’clock P. M. on the 13th of October was the
+time fixed on for moving the remains to the chapel, where they were to
+lie in state until Saturday, the 15th of October, the day for the
+burial.
+
+At the hour named, a long procession, with Professor J. J. White as
+chief marshal, was formed. Old soldiers formed an escort of honor. Just
+after the escort came the hearse, preceded by the clergy and twelve
+pall-bearers. In rear of the hearse, Traveler, the iron-gray war-horse
+of General Lee, was led by two old soldiers. Then followed a long line
+of students, cadets and people.
+
+The body was borne to the college chapel and laid in state upon the
+dais, the people passing slowly by, that each one might look upon the
+face of the dead. The body was clad in a simple suit of black and lay in
+a coffin, strewed by loving hands with rare, pale flowers. The chapel
+was then placed in charge of the guard of honor. This guard of students
+kept watch by the coffin day and night.
+
+On the 14th, a funeral service was held in the chapel; and on the 15th
+of October, as I have said, the body was home to the tomb. The flag of
+Virginia hung at half-mast above the college and a deep gloom rested
+upon all.
+
+As the procession moved off, the bells of the town began to toll, and
+the Virginia Military Institute battery fired minute-guns. All was
+simple and without display. Not a flag was to be seen along the line.
+The Rev. J. William Jones tells us as follows:
+
+“The old soldiers wore their citizen’s dress, with black ribbon in the
+lapel of their coats; and Traveler, with trappings of mourning on his
+saddle, was again led by two old soldiers. The Virginia Military
+Institute was very beautifully draped, and from its turrets hung at
+half-mast, and draped in mourning, the flags of all the States of the
+late Southern Confederacy.
+
+“When the procession reached the Institute, it passed the corps of
+cadets drawn up in line, and a guard of honor presented arms as the
+hearse went by. When it reached the chapel, where a large throng had
+gathered, the students and cadets, about six hundred and fifty strong,
+marched into the left door and aisle past the remains and out by the
+right aisle and door to their proper place.
+
+“The rest of the line then filed in, the family, with Drs. Barton and
+Madison, and Colonels W. H. Taylor and C. S. Venable, members of General
+Lee’s staff during the war, were seated just in front of the pulpit, and
+the clergy and the Faculties of the College and Institute had places on
+the platform.
+
+“The coffin was again covered with flowers and evergreens.
+
+“Then the Rev. Dr. Pendleton, the dear friend of General Lee, his Chief
+of Artillery during the war, and his rector the past five years, read
+the beautiful burial service of the Episcopal Church. There was no
+sermon, and nothing said besides the simple service, as General Lee had
+wished.
+
+“When the body had been placed in the vault, the chaplain read the
+concluding service from the bank on the southern side of the chapel, and
+then the grand old hymn,
+
+  ‘How firm a foundation, ye saints of the Lord,’
+
+was sung by the people.
+
+“The vault is of brick and just reaches the floor of the library. Upon
+the white marble are these words:
+
+                          “‘Robert Edward Lee,
+                         Born January 19, 1807;
+                        Died October 12, 1870.’”
+
+The white marble top has now been replaced by the beautiful recumbent
+statue by Valentine, a Virginia sculptor.
+
+All the South mourned for Lee. Bells were tolled in cities and villages,
+and meetings were held to express the grief of the people.
+
+                [Illustration: RECUMBENT STATUE OF LEE.]
+
+This is what a little girl wrote to Mrs. Lee:
+
+“I have heard of General Lee, your husband, and of all his great and
+noble deeds during the war. I have also heard lately of his death. I
+have read in the papers that collections are being made for the Lee
+monument. I have asked my mother to let me send some money that I earned
+myself. I made some of the money by keeping the door shut last winter,
+and the rest I made by digging up grass in the garden. I send you all I
+have. I wish it was more. I am nine now.
+
+                             “Respectfully,
+                                                      “Maggie McIntyre.”
+
+Many noble men and women also wrote to Mrs. Lee, and money was given,
+until now there are two beautiful statues of General Lee—one in
+Lexington, where he is buried, and the other in Richmond, the city he
+fought so hard to save.
+
+Virginia mourned for her noble son. The State Legislature passed a bill
+making January 19th, the birthday of Robert E. Lee, a legal holiday.
+
+On that day, all over the South, meetings are held in memory of him,
+speeches are made by great men, and children recite poems which honor
+his name and deeds.
+
+Perhaps no man has ever lived, so great, so good, so unselfish as Lee.
+Duty was the key-note of his life. In the midst of his greatness he was
+humble, simple and gentle. He loved little children wherever he met
+them.
+
+“One day, during the war, a number of little girls were rolling hoops on
+the sidewalks in Richmond, when General Lee came riding towards them.
+They stopped playing to gaze at so great a man. To their surprise, he
+threw his rein to his courier, dismounted, and kissed every one of them.
+Then mounting, he rode away, with a sunny smile of childhood in his
+heart and plans of great battles in his mind.”
+
+“While in Petersburg, in the winter of 1864, he went to preaching one
+day at a crowded church, and saw a little girl, dressed in faded
+garments, standing just inside the door and looking for a seat. ‘Come
+with me, my little lady,’ said the great soldier, ‘and you shall sit by
+me.’ Thus the great chief and poor child sat side by side.”
+
+Once when riding in the mountains with one of his daughters, they came
+upon a group of children who ran at the sight of him. General Lee called
+them back and asked:
+
+“Why are you running away? Are you afraid of me?”
+
+“Oh! no, sir; but we are not dressed nice enough to see you.”
+
+“Why, who do you think I am?”
+
+“You are General Lee. We know you by your picture.”
+
+So great was the love of the people for Lee that, after the war, almost
+every home had some picture of the great chief.
+
+General Lee knew all the children in Lexington whom he met in his walks
+and rides, and it was charming to see their joy when he would meet them.
+
+Once, when calling upon the widow of General A. P. Hill, her little girl
+met him at the door and held out her puppy which she had named after our
+hero. “O, General Lee,” she cried, “here is ‘Bobby Lee’; do kiss him.”
+The great man made believe to kiss him and the child was delighted.
+
+In one of the Sunday-schools of Lexington a prize was offered to the
+child who should bring in the most pupils.
+
+A little boy of five went for his friend, General Lee, to get him to go
+to his school. When told that General Lee went to another school, he
+said with a deep sigh, “I am very sorry. I wish he could go to our
+school, and be my new scholar.”
+
+General Lee thought it quite funny, and said kindly;
+
+“Ah! C——, we must all try to be _good Christians_—that is the great
+thing. I can’t go to your school to be your new scholar to-day. But I am
+very glad you asked me. It shows that you are zealous in a good cause,
+and I hope that you will ever be so as you grow up. And I do not want
+you to think that I am too old to go to Sunday-school. No one is ever
+too old to study the truths of the Bible.”
+
+When he died, all the schools of Lexington were closed, and the children
+wept with the grown people when they heard that their kind friend was
+dead.
+
+A gentleman tells this story, which is quite in keeping with General
+Lee’s way of pleasing children:—
+
+“When my little girl, about four years old, heard of General Lee’s
+death, she said to me, ‘Father, I can never forget General Lee.’ I
+asked, ‘Why?’ ‘Because, when Maggie and I were playing at the gate the
+other day, and General Lee was riding by, he stopped and took off his
+hat and bowed to us and said, ‘Young ladies, don’t you think this is the
+prettiest horse you ever saw?’ And we said it was a very pretty horse.
+‘Oh, no,’ he said; ‘I want to know whether Traveler is not the very
+prettiest horse you ever saw in your life.’ And when we looked at him,
+and saw how white and gay he was, we said, ‘Yes.’ Then he laughed and
+said, ‘Well, if you think he is so pretty, I will just let you kiss
+him’; and then he rode off smiling, and I don’t believe I can ever
+forget that.”
+
+                [Illustration: GENERAL LEE ON TRAVELER.]
+
+Another gentleman, who was clerk of the faculty at Washington College,
+says that General Lee was very careful about little things. One day the
+clerk wrote a letter to some one at General Lee’s request, in which he
+used the term “our students.” When General Lee looked at it, he said
+that he did not like the phrase “our students.” He said that we had no
+property rights in the young men, and he thought it best to say, “_the_
+students,” not “_our_ students.” The clerk struck out with his pen the
+word “our” and wrote “the.” He then brought the letter to General Lee.
+“This will not answer,” said he. “I want you to write the letter over.”
+So the clerk had to make a fresh copy.
+
+One day General Lee directed him to go to the Mess Hall and measure for
+a stove-pipe. “Set the stove in its place on its legs,” he said, “and
+measure the height to a point opposite the flue-hole, and then the space
+from the joint to the wall.” The man returned with the measure. “Did you
+set the stove on its legs?” asked the General. The clerk replied no;
+that the legs were packed up inside the stove, and that he simply
+allowed for the legs. “But I told you to put the stove on its legs and
+then measure. Go back and do as you were told,” said the General, who
+was always kind but meant to be obeyed.
+
+The same gentleman remembers this amusing incident:—
+
+One day they saw a gentleman coming up the lawn, and wondered who he
+was. General Lee shook hands with him as though he knew him, and chatted
+for some time. He tried in vain to remember his name. In the meantime
+Rev. J. William Jones, whose month it was to lead the services in the
+chapel, came up and whispered to General Lee to introduce the strange
+clergyman to him, so that he might ask him to conduct the services in
+his place. But General Lee, with his own ready tact, said: “Mr. Jones,
+it is time for service; you had better go in the chapel.”
+
+After service, when he could do so without being heard, General Lee
+asked Mr. Jones to find out the stranger’s name. He had met him in the
+Mexican war but could not recall his name. Mr. Jones did so, and General
+Lee, standing near, heard it, and then, without making it known that he
+had forgotten his friend of the Mexican war, introduced him to those who
+were near. He could not think of hurting the clergyman’s feelings by
+letting him know that he had been forgotten.
+
+General Lee was always careful not to injure what belonged to others.
+
+“A Southern Girl” tells this story of him:
+
+“When in Maryland, he gave strict orders that no harm should be done to
+property, and was once seen to get down from his horse and put up a
+fence-rail that his men had thrown down.”
+
+This story of General Lee went the rounds of the Southern newspapers in
+1864:—
+
+“On the train to Petersburg, one very cold morning, a young soldier,
+with his arm in a sling, was making great efforts to put on his
+overcoat. In the midst of his trouble, an officer rose from his seat,
+went to him and kindly helped him, drawing the coat gently over the
+wounded arm, and then with a few kind words went back to his seat.
+
+“Now, the officer was not clad in a fine uniform with a gilt wreath on
+his collar and many straps on his sleeves, but he had on a plain suit of
+gray, with only the three gilt stars which every Confederate colonel
+could wear. And yet, he was no other than our chief general, Robert E.
+Lee, who is not braver than he is good and modest.”
+
+In the winter of 1864, some of the cavalry were moved to
+Charlottesville, in order to get food for their horses, and not having
+much to do, the officers began to attend dances. General Lee, hearing of
+this, wrote to his son Robert thus:—
+
+“I am afraid that Fitz was anxious to get back to the ball. This is a
+bad time for such things. * * There are too many Lees on the committee.
+I like them all to be at battles, but I can excuse them at balls.”
+
+It is said that during the seven days’ battle, of which I have told you,
+he was sitting under a tree, the shades of evening hiding even the stars
+on his coat collar, when a doctor rode up and said:
+
+“Old man, I have chosen that tree for my field hospital and I want you
+to get out of the way.”
+
+“I will gladly give way when the wounded come up, but in the meantime
+there is plenty of room for both of us,” was the reply.
+
+The angry man was about to make some retort when a staff officer rode up
+and spoke to his “old man” as General Lee.
+
+The doctor then began to make excuse for his rudeness, but General Lee
+said quietly:
+
+“It is no matter, Doctor; there is plenty of room till your wounded come
+up.”
+
+This story is often told of him: In 1864, when General Lee was on the
+lines below Richmond, many soldiers came near him and thus brought to
+them the fire of the foe. He said to the soldiers: “Men, you had better
+go into the back-yard; they are firing up here and you might get hurt.”
+
+The men obeyed, but saw their dear General walk across the yard and pick
+up some object and place it in a tree over his head. They found out that
+the object he had risked his life for was only a little bird which had
+fallen out of its nest. God had given the stern chief a heart so tender
+that he could pause amid a rain of shot and shell to care for a tiny
+fallen birdling.
+
+General Lee dearly loved his horses. Once, when at the springs, he wrote
+to his clerk in Lexington and sent this message to his horse, Traveler:
+“Tell him I miss him dreadfully.”
+
+Traveler lived only two years after the death of his master. In the
+summer of 1872, when he was fifteen years old, the fine, faithful
+animal, that had carried the General through the storms of war and the
+calm of his latter years, died of lock-jaw in Lexington. He was noted
+for his springy walk, high spirit, and great strength. When a colt, he
+was called Jeff. Davis. The General changed his name to Traveler. He was
+his most famous war-horse.
+
+In the summer of 1862, General Lee owned a beautiful war-horse called
+Richmond, given to him by some friends in the city of Richmond. But, to
+the grief of his master, this pet was short-lived; and what he writes
+after his loss, sounds almost as if he were looking back to the death of
+a friend:
+
+“His labors are over, and he is at rest. He carried me very faithfully,
+and I shall never have so beautiful an animal again.”
+
+General Lee was noted for his want of hatred towards any one. He called
+the Northern soldiers “those people.” Once, in the midst of a fierce
+battle, he said to his son Robert, who was bravely working at a big gun,
+“That’s right, my son; drive those people back.” When told of Jackson’s
+fatal wound, his eye flashed fire and his face flushed as he thought of
+his great loss; but he quietly said:
+
+“General Jackson’s plans shall be carried out. Those people _shall be_
+driven back _to-day_.”
+
+The Rev. J. William Jones says—that one day after the war, as he went up
+the street, he saw General Lee standing talking to a poor man. As the
+man walked away he said to him: “That is one of the old soldiers, and
+added, ‘he fought on the other side; but we must not think of that.’”
+
+After the war, when at the springs, a lady friend pointed to a man near
+by and said to General Lee, “That is General ——, of the Federal Army. He
+is having quite a dull time. He is here with his daughters, but we do
+not care to have anything to do with them.”
+
+“I am glad that you told me,” said General Lee; “I will see at once that
+they have a better time.”
+
+After that he took pains to make friends with “those people,” and so set
+the fashion for others. General —— and his daughters were soon having “a
+better time.”
+
+General Lee was more than brave and tender; he was meek, yet with a
+heart big enough to love every one of his soldiers, and great enough to
+plan long marches and glorious battles.
+
+After the battle of Gettysburg, one of his officers rode up and told him
+that his men were for the most part killed or wounded. Lee shook hands
+with him and said: “All this has been my fault. It is _I_ who have lost
+this fight, and you must help me out as best you can.”
+
+Not once did Lee cast the blame where it belonged, but rode among his
+men with such words of cheer as these: “All this will come right in the
+end.” “We want all good and true men just now.” “All good men must
+rally.” In this way he closed up his broken lines, and showed such a
+brave front that Meade did not deem it well to renew the fight.
+
+    [Illustration: PICKETT’S RETURN AFTER THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG.]
+
+Once, when some friends were at his house in Richmond, the Rev. Dr. ——
+spoke in sharp terms of the way in which the North had acted. General
+Lee said, “Well! it matters little what they may do to me; I am old, and
+have but a short time to live at best.”
+
+When Dr. —— got up to go home, General Lee went with him to the door and
+said to him, “Doctor, there is a good book which I read, and which you
+preach from, which says, ‘Love your enemies, bless them that curse you,
+do good to them that hate you.’ Do you think your speech just now quite
+in that spirit?”
+
+When Dr. —— made some excuse, General Lee said: “I fought the people of
+the North because I believed that they were seeking to wrest from the
+South her rights. * * * I have never seen the day when I did not pray
+for them.”
+
+One day during the war, as they were looking at the hosts of the foe,
+one of his generals said, “I wish those people were all dead!” General
+Lee, with that grace which was his own, said, “How can you say so? Now,
+I wish that they would all go home and leave us to do the same.”
+
+At the close of the war, some of our best men went to seek homes in
+other lands. This, General Lee deemed wrong. He thought that the men of
+the South should stay at home and build up what had been laid waste by
+war. He wrote to one of his friends thus: “She (Virginia) has need for
+all of her sons, and can ill afford to spare you.” Once more he wrote:
+“I think the South needs the aid of her sons more than at any time of
+her history. As you ask, I will state that I have no thought of leaving
+her.”
+
+In a word, the welfare of the impoverished, desolated South was his
+chief concern. He kept in sight the honor of the South, but not that
+hate to the North which brought no good.
+
+A lady who had lost her husband in the war, and had brought her two sons
+to college, spoke in sharp terms of the North to General Lee. He gently
+said: “Madam, do not train up your children as foes to the Government of
+the United States. * * We are one country now. Bring them up to be
+Americans.” Thus did this grand man, with a sad heart, try to do his
+duty at all times and on all occasions.
+
+Though meek in the way I have told you, General Lee was at the same time
+too proud to take the aid which, from time to time, his friends would
+offer him. They knew that he had lost his “all” by the war, and felt
+that he should now be helped, so that he might pass his days without
+care. But this proud man would take no aid. When, in a quiet way, the
+trustees of the college gave the house in which he lived to Mrs. Lee,
+and also the sum of three thousand dollars each year, he wrote, in Mrs.
+Lee’s name, a kind but firm letter and declined the gift.
+
+After his death, they again deeded the home to Mrs. Lee and sent her a
+check for a large sum of money. But she, with the pride of her husband,
+sent back the check and would not let the funds of the college be taken
+for her use.
+
+General Lee was always neat in his attire. This trait was the cause of
+much comment at the time of the “surrender.”
+
+General Sharp, of the Federal Army, says:
+
+“It was late in the day when it was known that General Lee had sent for
+General Grant. The surrender took place in the left-hand room of an old
+house which had a hall-way through it. In that room were a few officers,
+of whom I was one.
+
+“A short space apart sat two men. The larger and taller of the two was
+the more striking. His hair was as white as snow. There was not a speck
+upon his coat; not a spot upon those gauntlets that he wore, which were
+as bright and fair as a lady’s glove. That was Robert E. Lee. The other
+was Ulysses S. Grant. His boots were muddy, and he wore no sword.
+
+                     [Illustration: LEE AND GRANT.]
+
+“The words that passed between Lee and Grant were few. General Grant,
+while the men wrote out the terms of the surrender, said: ‘General Lee,
+I have no sword; I rode all night.’ And General Lee, with the pride
+which became him well, made no reply, but in a cold, formal way, bowed.
+
+“Then General Grant, in the attempt to be polite, said: ‘I don’t always
+wear a sword.’
+
+“Lee only bowed again.
+
+“Some one else then said: ‘General Lee, what became of the white horse
+you rode in Mexico? He may not be dead yet; he was not so old.’
+
+“General Lee again bowed and said: ‘I left him at the White House, on
+the Pamunkey river, and I have not seen him since.’
+
+“Then there were a few words, which we could not hear, spoken in a low
+tone of voice between Grant and Lee.
+
+“At last, when the terms of surrender had all been signed, Lee arose,
+cold and proud, and bowed to each man on our side in the room. And then
+he went out and passed down that little square in front of the house,
+and mounted the gray horse that had carried him all over Virginia.
+
+“When he had gone we learned what the low-toned words had meant. General
+Grant turned and said: ‘You go and ask each man that has three rations
+to turn over two of them, and send them on to General Lee. His men are
+on the point of starvation.’”
+
+This calm, proud man was the same who a few hours before had said: “Then
+there is nothing left me but to go and see General Grant, and I would
+rather die a thousand deaths.” His superb, proud mien won from the foe
+only praise and respect.
+
+I must here give you General Fitzhugh Lee’s picture of the two generals
+at that time:
+
+“Grant, not yet forty-three years old, five feet eight inches tall,
+shoulders slightly stooped, hair and beard nut-brown, wearing a
+dark-blue blouse; top-boots, pants inside; dark thread gloves; without
+spurs or sword, and no marks of rank save the straps of a general.
+
+“Lee, fifty-eight years old, six feet tall, hair and beard silver-gray;
+a handsome uniform of Confederate gray, buttoned to the throat, with
+three stars on collar, fine top-boots with spurs, new gauntlets, and at
+his side a splendid sword.” Lee wore his best in honor of the cause for
+which he fought.
+
+General Lee never touched tobacco, brandy or whiskey; he was always a
+sober man. Just as he was starting to the Mexican war, a lady in
+Virginia gave him a bottle of fine old whiskey, saying that he would be
+sure to need it, and that it was very fine. On his return home he sent
+the bottle, unopened, to his friend to convince her that he could get
+along without whiskey.
+
+General Lee once proposed to treat some of his officers, saying, “I have
+a demijohn which I know _is of the best_.” The demijohn was brought, and
+the cups, held out for the treat, were filled to the brim—not with old
+“Rye,” but with fresh buttermilk, which a kind lady had sent. The
+General seemed to enjoy the joke hugely.
+
+Being once asked to a fine dinner, he refused all the good dishes, and
+said to the lady of the house: “I cannot consent to be feasting while my
+poor men are nearly starving.”
+
+It was his way to send any nice thing he might have to the sick and
+wounded in the hospitals.
+
+A lady relates that when her brother was badly wounded near Petersburg,
+he was taken to a tent near a hospital, out of range of the fire of the
+foe. One day General Lee came riding up and went in to see the wounded
+man. He took him gently by the hand and told him to cheer up and get
+well; that he had use for all brave men like him. Then he drew two fine
+peaches from his pocket and laid them on the side of the cot.
+
+Tears trickled down the wounded man’s pale cheeks as he listened to
+these kind words, and felt that his chief cared so much for him, a
+private soldier.
+
+Near the close of the war, when meat had become quite scarce, an aide of
+President Davis’, being at headquarters, was asked to dine. The meal
+spread on the rough board was corn-bread, and a small piece of meat in a
+large mess of greens. The aid saw that the meat was not touched, though
+General Lee had asked all to take a piece of it. When the meal was over,
+the aide asked one of the men why the meat was not eaten. The reply was,
+that it had been loaned by a friend to cook with the greens, and had to
+be returned.
+
+It was General Lee’s wish to fare just as his men did. When, during the
+siege of Petersburg, Mrs. Lee, fearing the great strain would be too
+much for him begged him to take more care of his health, he wrote: “But
+what care can a man give to himself in time of war?” He then went on to
+say that he lived in a tent in order to be near his men and the officers
+with whom he had to act; that he had been offered rooms by kind friends,
+but that he could not turn their homes into a camp.
+
+An English officer wrote this account of Lee’s headquarters in 1862:
+“Lee’s headquarters I found were only seven or eight pole-tents, with
+their backs to a stake-fence, while a little stream of good water flowed
+close by. In front of the tents were three wagons, and a number of
+horses roamed over the fields. No guards were seen near, and no crowd of
+aids swarmed about. A large farm-house stood close by, which would have
+made a good home for the General, but Lee does not let his men rob or
+disturb the people, and likes to set them a good example.”
+
+It was in this way that he gained the great love of his men.
+
+A short time after the surrender, two ragged Confederates, just from
+prison in the North, waited upon the General and said that there were
+sixty other fellows around the corner who were too ragged to come. They
+had sent these two to offer their loved chief a home in the mountains of
+Virginia. “We will give you,” said one of them, “a good house and a fine
+farm. We boys will work for you and you shall never want.”
+
+Tears came to the eyes of General Lee as he told them that he must
+decline their gift. The offer of these men was but the feeling of the
+whole South. Though poor themselves, they would have given him houses,
+lands and money had he let them.
+
+Just after the war, General Lee received the following letter from one
+of his old soldiers:
+
+  “Dear General:
+
+  “We have been fighting hard four years, and now the Yankees have got
+  us in Libby Prison. They are treating us awful bad. The boys want you
+  to get us out if you can; but if you can’t, just ride by the Libby and
+  let us see you and give you a cheer. We will all feel better for it.”
+
+                     [Illustration: LIBBY PRISON.]
+
+This letter touched the tender heart of Lee, as well as this story which
+was told to him by Rev. J. William Jones: After the war, the latter was
+riding along a road one day, when he saw a young man plowing in a field,
+guiding the plow with one hand, for on the other side was an empty
+sleeve.
+
+He soon saw that the man plowing was a soldier whom he had known, and
+stopped to speak to him. In fact, he had known the young man from
+boyhood; how, at the first tap of the drum he had gone to fight for his
+native State; and how he had been maimed for life, and had gone home to
+find that he must work with one arm for his bread, as his fortune had
+been wrecked by the war. When he told the young man how sad it made him
+to see him thus, the latter said: “Oh! it is all right. I thank God that
+I have _one_ arm left, and can use it for those I love.”
+
+When the Rev. Mr. Jones told this to General Lee, his face flushed, and
+he said: “What a noble fellow! But it is just like one of our soldiers.
+The world has never seen nobler men than those who belonged to the Army
+of Northern Virginia.”
+
+The real corner-stone of Lee’s life was his trust in God. Whatever came
+to him he always said, “God’s will be done.”
+
+The death of the wife of his son, General W. H. Fitzhugh Lee, gave
+General Lee much grief. The former General was wounded and taken
+prisoner. While in prison his lovely wife died. In this bitter grief,
+General Lee wrote to his son these words:
+
+“My whole trust is in God, and I am ready for whatever He may ordain.”
+
+While the army was at Mine Run, in November, 1863, and a battle was at
+hand, General Lee, with a number of officers riding down the line of
+battle, came upon a party of soldiers who were holding a prayer-meeting.
+The shooting had begun along the lines, the cannon were already roaring,
+and the mind and heart of the great chief were on the battle. Yet, as he
+saw these men bent in prayer, he dismounted and joined in the simple
+worship. So these humble men led the devotions of their loved General.
+
+One day in 1865, while riding along the lines with his staff, General
+Lee met the Rev. J. William Jones, who was giving tracts to the men in
+the trenches. He at once reined in his horse and spoke to this “man of
+God,” while the officers crowded around.
+
+General Lee asked if he ever had calls for prayer-books, and said that
+if he would come to his headquarters he would give him some—that a
+friend in Richmond had given him a new book; and upon his saying to his
+friend that he would give his old book, that he had used ever since the
+Mexican war, to some soldier, the friend offered him a dozen new books
+for the old one. He had, of course, taken so grand an offer, and now had
+twelve, in place of one, to give away.
+
+When the Rev. Mr. Jones called, General Lee was out, but had left the
+books for Mr. Jones with one of his staff. He had written on the
+fly-leaf of each book, “Presented by R. E. Lee.”
+
+We are sure that if any of these books were saved amid the din and
+stress of war, they are now much prized by those who own them.
+
+These are some of the words which General Lee would use when his army
+had gained the day: “Thanks be to God.” “God has again crowned the valor
+of our troops with success.” Again, upon a fast-day, he said in an
+order, “Soldiers! let us humble ourselves before the Lord our God,
+asking, through Christ, the forgiveness of our sins.”
+
+With the close of the war, the piety of this great man seemed to
+increase. His seat at church was always filled, unless he was kept away
+by sickness, and he was ever ready for good works. He did not find fault
+with preachers, as so many do, but was most fond of those who were
+simple and true to the teachings of the Bible.
+
+Once he said to a friend: “Do you think that it would be any harm for me
+to hint to Mr. —— that we should be glad if he made his _morning
+prayers_ a little short? You know our friend makes this prayer too long.
+He prays for the Jews, the Turks, and the heathen, and runs into the
+hour for our College recitations. Would it be wrong for me to hint to
+Mr. —— that he confine his morning prayers to us _poor sinners at the
+College_, and pray for the Turks, the Jews, the Chinese, and other
+heathen some other time?”
+
+General Lee was a constant reader of the Bible. One of his friends
+relates that, as he watched beside his body the day after death, he
+picked up from the table a well-worn pocket Bible, in which was written
+in his own hand, “R. E. Lee, Lieutenant-Colonel of U. S. Army.” This
+little book had been the light of his pathway through many trials.
+
+General Lee gave freely of his small means to his church and to the
+poor. At a vestry meeting which took place the evening of his illness,
+the sum of fifty-five dollars was needed for the pay of the Rector.
+Though he had before given his share, General Lee said in a low voice,
+“I will give the sum.” These were the last words he spoke to the vestry,
+and this giving was his last public act.
+
+His love for his wife and children is shown by the tender, loving
+letters he wrote when away from them. During the Civil War his anxiety
+for them was great.
+
+Just before the Northern army crossed the Potomac, in 1861, Mrs. Lee
+left her beautiful home, Arlington, and came South. Arlington was at
+once seized by the Northern Government, and the grounds were taken for a
+burial-place for the Northern soldiers.
+
+Mrs. Lee and her daughters then sought a home at the “White House,” on
+the Pamunkey river, where Washington married the “Widow Custis,” and
+which had been left by Mr. Custis to one of General Lee’s sons. Mrs. Lee
+and her daughters were soon driven from there by the hosts of McClellan,
+and the house was burned to the ground. At last, they found a home in
+Richmond, where they lived until the close of the war.
+
+         [Illustration: RESIDENCE OF GENERAL LEE IN RICHMOND.]
+
+Mrs. Lee’s health had failed, but a large part of her time was spent in
+knitting socks for the poor bare-footed soldiers of the South. Her brave
+daughters, also, knit socks, and nursed the sick and wounded soldiers.
+
+Those were sad times, and the Lee family suffered most heavily.
+
+The death of her noble husband was a great shock to Mrs. Lee, who was
+then not able to walk without aid. She did not survive him many years,
+and now rests beside him in the College chapel at Lexington, Virginia.
+Their daughter Agnes, who died shortly after her father, is buried in
+the same place.
+
+                    [Illustration: MARY CUSTIS LEE.]
+
+Close by is the grave of Stonewall Jackson. How meet that these two
+friends and heroes should rest so near each other!
+
+The blue mountains of their loved Virginia keep “watch and ward” over
+their graves; and each year, pilgrims from every part of the land come
+to visit their tombs and place fresh flowers and green wreaths upon
+them.
+
+General Custis Lee was made President of the College in his father’s
+place. The College is now called the “Washington and Lee University,”
+after Washington and Lee, the two great names in the history of our
+country.
+
+
+    Cŏn′cōurse, a crowd of people.
+    Cou′rier (kōō′rier), a man who carries an order for an officer.
+    Pĭl′grim, a traveler to holy places.
+
+  Tell me—
+    What General Lee became in 1865.
+    Something about his work.
+    His visit to the South in 1870.
+    His illness and death.
+    What day is kept throughout the South in memory of Lee?
+    About Mrs. Lee.
+    The tomb of Lee.
+    Washington and Lee University.
+
+                  [Illustration: LEE’S COAT OF ARMS.]
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER VII.
+                            A People’s Hero.
+
+
+After the death of General Lee, many speeches were made in his praise,
+and many letters were written telling of the sorrow of his friends.
+These letters came not only from the South, but from the North, and
+other lands.
+
+The New York _Sun_ thus closes its notice:
+
+“His death will awaken great grief through the South, and many people in
+the North will drop a tear of sorrow on his bier. * * * In General Lee,
+an able Soldier, a sincere Christian, and an honest man has been taken
+from earth.”
+
+The New York _Herald_ said these kind words of him:
+
+“In a quiet autumn morning, in the land he loved so well, and, as he
+held, he had served so faithfully, the spirit of Robert E. Lee left the
+clay which it had so much ennobled, and traveled out of this world into
+the great and unknown land. * * *
+
+                 [Illustration: GENERAL ROBERT E. LEE.]
+
+“Not to the Southern people alone shall be limited the tribute of a tear
+over the dead Virginian. Here in the North, forgetting that the time was
+when the sword of Robert E. Lee was drawn against us, we have long since
+ceased to look upon him as the Confederate leader, but have claimed him
+as one of ourselves; for Robert Edward Lee was an American, and the
+great nation which gave him birth would to-day be unworthy of such a son
+if she looked upon him lightly.”
+
+The Pall Mall _Gazette_, London, England, said:
+
+“The news from America, that General Robert E. Lee is dead, will be
+received with great sorrow by many in this country, as well as by his
+fellow-soldiers in America.
+
+“It is but a few years since Robert E. Lee ranked among the great men of
+his time. He was the able soldier of the Southern Confederacy, the
+leader who twice threatened, by the capture of Washington, to turn the
+tide of success and cause a revolution which would have changed the
+destiny of the United States.”
+
+The London _Standard_ gave this tribute to Lee:
+
+“A country which has given birth to men like him, and those who followed
+him, may look the chivalry of Europe in the face without shame; for the
+lands of Sidney and of Bayard never brought forth a nobler soldier,
+gentleman and Christian, than Robert E. Lee.”
+
+He was called “the great captain of his age”—“the great general of the
+South”—“a good knight, noble of heart and strong of purpose, and both a
+soldier and a gentleman.”
+
+These beautiful words were said of him in a speech soon after his death:
+
+“General Lee’s fame is not bounded by the limits of the South, nor by
+the continent. I rejoice that the South gave him birth. I rejoice that
+the South will hold his ashes. But his fame belongs to the human race.
+Washington, too, was born in the South and sleeps in the South, but his
+fame belongs to mankind. We place the name of Lee by that of Washington.
+They both belong to the world.
+
+“There is one thing more I wish to say before I take my seat. General
+Lee’s fame ought to rest on its true foundation. He did not draw his
+sword in the cause of slavery—he did not seek to overthrow the
+Government of the United States. He drew it in the defense of
+constitutional liberty. That cause is not dead, but will live forever.”
+
+General W. Preston spoke of him thus:
+
+“I knew him first when he was a captain. * * At that time, General Scott
+had decided upon General Lee as a man who would make his mark if he were
+ever called upon to do great work. He never drank, he never swore an
+oath, but there was never a dispute among gentlemen in which his voice
+was not more potent than any other; his rare calmness and dignity were
+above all. When the war came on, he followed his native State, Virginia.
+* * Scott maintained that Lee was the greatest soldier in the army. * *
+
+“I remember when Scott made use of these words: ‘I tell you one thing,
+if I were on my death-bed, and knew that a battle was to be fought for
+my country, and the President were to say to me, ‘Scott, who shall
+command?’ I tell you that, with my dying breath, I would say Robert Lee.
+Nobody but Robert Lee! Robert Lee, and nobody but Lee!”
+
+These extracts would not be complete without this one, bearing upon his
+life as a teacher:
+
+“And it is an honor for all the colleges of the South, and for all our
+schools, that this pure and bright name is joined by the will of him
+that bore it with the cause of education. We believe that, so long as
+the name of Lee is cherished by Southern teachers, they will grow
+stronger in their work. They will be encouraged to greater efforts when
+they remember that Lee was one of their number, and that his great
+heart, that had so bravely borne the fortunes of an empire, bore also,
+amid its latest aspirations, the interests and hopes of the teacher.”
+
+A great public honor was paid to our hero when the bronze statue by
+Mercié (Mersea) was unveiled in Richmond.
+
+Shortly after the death of General Lee, a few ladies met in a parlor in
+Richmond and formed a society known as the Ladies’ Lee Monument
+Association. Their plan was to erect a monument in Richmond to the
+memory of the great chief, and to collect funds for this purpose from
+the entire South. They began at once their labor of love. Though the
+South was at that time very poor, the people gave gladly of their small
+means until the Ladies’ Association had collected over fifteen thousand
+dollars.
+
+Almost at the same time, another “Lee Monument Association” was formed
+of the old soldiers and sailors of the Confederacy, which had General
+Jubal A. Early for its president. The ladies of the Hollywood Memorial
+Association were asked to help, and they proved great workers in the
+cause.
+
+I cannot tell you the many ways in which these and other societies
+worked to raise the money, but at last there was enough in the treasury
+to erect the statue.
+
+In the meantime, General Fitzhugh Lee was made Governor of Virginia, and
+he at once began to take measures to bring about the erection of the
+monument. By his efforts a “Board of Managers” was appointed, whose work
+was to choose the design, the artist, and the site for the monument. The
+Allen lot, in the western part of the city, was at last chosen for the
+site, and was accepted as the gift of Mr. Otway Allen, June 18th, 1887.
+It was then the duty of the Board to find a sculptor worthy to execute
+this great work.
+
+After many trials, the Board selected Monsieur Mercie, a Frenchman, who
+was both a painter and a sculptor of note. In the summer of 1887, the
+best photographs of General Lee, as well as one of his shoes and his
+uniform, were sent to the sculptor. A small spur, such as General Lee
+wore, was taken over to France by Miss Randolph, who was one of the
+Board of Managers. Monsieur Mercie told her that when General Lee’s shoe
+was sent to him, there was no one in his household, except his
+twelve-year-old boy, with a foot small enough to wear it.
+
+In working out the likeness to General Lee, Monsieur Mercie had the good
+fortune to have Miss Mary Lee, who was then in Paris, as a critic of his
+work.
+
+On the 27th of October, 1887, the cornerstone was laid with splendid
+rites, and on the 3rd of May, 1890, the statue reached Richmond by way
+of New York. It was packed in three boxes. On the 7th of May, each box
+was placed in a separate wagon, from which waved the flags of Virginia
+and the Confederacy. Then, one wagon was drawn by men of the city, one
+by old soldiers, and one by women and girls—the fine lady and her humble
+sister standing shoulder to shoulder. They went through the city,
+pulling the ropes amid the cheers of twenty thousand people, until they
+came to the spot where the statue was to stand. Such was their love for
+Lee! The monument in all is about sixty-one feet in height, and cost
+sixty-five thousand dollars. It shows the General mounted upon his
+war-horse, Traveler. His feet touch the stirrups lightly, after the
+manner of the Southern horsemen. He is clad in a plain uniform. A sash
+girds his waist, and the sword of a cavalry officer hangs from his side.
+He holds the bridle reins in his left hand, while in his right is his
+hat, which he grasps as if he had just taken it off to acknowledge the
+cheers of his men, through whose ranks we may suppose him to be passing.
+
+The day decided upon for unveiling the statue was Friday, May 29th,
+1890.
+
+From North, South, East and West, people thronged to do honor to the
+great chief.
+
+All the city was then thinking of one man—Lee, just as, twenty-five
+years before, all their hopes had turned to him.
+
+On that day, the sun rose bright and the people with it. Soon, the noise
+of tramping feet and the tap of the drum were heard, and ere long the
+glitter of bayonets, the flashing of sabers and the waving of flags told
+that the line was forming. The streets were crowded, and rang with
+cheers as some noted soldier rode by or an old Confederate flag was
+waved.
+
+At noon, the long line was formed on Broad street, and the parade began.
+Every window, doorway, and even the house-tops along the line of march,
+were filled with people eager to see the great parade, which stretched
+through the streets four miles in moving mass.
+
+General Fitzhugh Lee, nephew of the hero, who had been one of his most
+daring cavalry generals during the war, and who had formerly been
+Governor of Virginia, was chief marshal of the parade. Cheer after cheer
+arose as he rode by, wearing the slouch hat of a cavalryman. “Our Fitz,”
+as his men loved to call him, “was himself again.”
+
+The guests rode in open carriages, and among them were Misses Mary and
+Mildred Lee; and General W. H. Fitzhugh Lee, wife and sons. They were
+followed by band after band of volunteer troops from all the Southern
+States, in the following order: South Carolina, North Carolina,
+Mississippi, Texas, Maryland, District of Columbia, Alabama, West
+Virginia and Virginia. Behind these marched the veterans—men who had
+fought in the Civil War, and who came from all parts of the South. Brave
+men were there from Texas, the far-off “Lone Star State.” With the
+veteran troops from Louisiana was “the old war-horse” Longstreet, who
+had led the First Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia; and at the
+head of the Georgia men was the tried and true Gordon. Gallant sons of
+Florida, Mississippi and Alabama were in line with the brave men of
+North and South Carolina. Veterans from Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky,
+Maryland, West Virginia and Virginia were also there to honor the memory
+of their leader.
+
+Whenever and wherever these veterans were seen, they were greeted with
+hearty cheers. Some were clad in their old gray uniforms, faded and
+worn, and in many cases, full of bullet-holes. Here and there along the
+line could be seen the old and tattered flags of the Confederacy.
+
+After the veterans, came the civic orders in Richmond, the students of
+Washington and Lee University, and the corps of cadets from the historic
+Virginia Military Institute.
+
+The cross-bars and battle-flags of the Confederacy floated in the breeze
+by the side of the “Stars and Stripes,” which meant that the people of
+the United States were one nation.
+
+As the line moved along the streets decked with floating flags and gay
+bunting, the sound of the many feet was lost in loud and hearty cheers
+that arose from doors, house-tops and crowded sidewalks.
+
+At last, the throng at the grandstand heard the roll of the drum and the
+nearing din of the parade, and soon the bright line swept into view. The
+crowd was so dense that persons on the grandstand could not be seen by
+those on the ground. Ringing cheers arose, not once, but time and time
+again, as the great men took their places on the stand, and it was as
+late as 3:45 o’clock P. M. when Governor McKinney stepped forward to
+make the opening speech.
+
+Then there was prayer by Rev. Dr. Minnigerode, who was rector of St.
+Paul’s church during the war, at which church General Lee worshiped when
+in Richmond.
+
+When the prayer ended, the band played Dixie, the war-song of the South,
+with whose strains the old soldiers had so often been thrilled as they
+marched into battle. Then there was a great noise which at last wore
+itself away, and General Early rose and spoke a few words of cheer to
+the old soldiers.
+
+The orator of the day was Colonel Archer Anderson, who pictured scene
+after scene in the life of General Lee with great force and clearness.
+Again the grand hero seemed to live and act in their midst—to lead them
+on to victory or to teach them how to bear defeat.
+
+When the speaker took his seat, amid cheers, General Joseph E. Johnston
+arose and with two old soldiers marched to the base of the monument.
+Each of the soldiers carried a battle flag, tattered and torn by shot
+and shell. When the monument was reached, General Johnston pulled the
+rope, and one part of the veil fell off. Another pull brought off the
+rest of the veil, and the splendid statue was in plain view of the eager
+multitude. A score of old soldiers mounted its base and waved their old
+Confederate flags in loyal, eager love for their dead chief. Mighty
+cheers broke from the watching throng, like the wild breaking of a
+storm, but at last they died away.
+
+Up there, against the blue sky, kissed by the rays of the setting sun,
+in the midst of his own people, was the matchless face and form of Lee.
+
+Some wept, others shouted, but all thanked God that he had given to
+America such a son as Lee.
+
+Seldom had men looked on such a scene before. At last the crowd went
+slowly away, leaving their hero in bronze to keep silent watch over the
+city he loved so well. Beneath him were the homes of his friends, and
+beyond, in “Hollywood” and “Oakwood,” Richmond’s “cities of the dead,”
+were the graves of his fallen heroes, and far away, across and a-down
+the James, were his battlefields.
+
+As time rolls on, statue and city will pass away. But the name and
+virtues of Robert E. Lee will never die, for they are written in the
+history of his country and in the Book of Life, and will live beyond the
+shores of Time.
+
+
+    Monsieur (mōsyur′), a French word for Mr.
+    Sincēré′, honest.
+    Acknowledge (aknŏl′eg), to own a gift or favor.
+    Pōt′ent, strong, having power.
+    Sĭd′ney, an English patriot.
+    Bayard (bā′yär′), a French hero.
+    Pā′triot, one who loves his country.
+
+  Tell about—
+    A great honor paid to Lee.
+    The laying of the corner-stone.
+    The monument.
+    The parade.
+    The unveiling.
+    The undying fame of Lee.
+
+                         [Illustration: FINIS]
+
+
+
+
+                          GENERAL R. E. LEE’S
+                   Farewell Address to His Soldiers.
+
+
+                      Headquarters Army Northern Virginia,
+                                       Appomattox C. H., April 10, 1865.
+
+  General Orders No. 9.
+
+  After four years of arduous service, marked by unsurpassed courage and
+  fortitude, the Army of Northern Virginia has been compelled to yield
+  to overwhelming numbers and resources.
+
+  I need not tell the survivors of so many hard-fought battles, who have
+  remained steadfast to the last, that I have consented to this result
+  from no distrust of them; but, feeling that valor and devotion could
+  accomplish nothing that would compensate for the loss that must have
+  attended a continuance of the contest, I determined to avoid the
+  useless sacrifice of those whose past services have endeared them to
+  their countrymen.
+
+  By the terms of the Agreement, Officers and men can return to their
+  homes and remain until exchanged. You will take with you the
+  satisfaction that proceeds from the consciousness of duty faithfully
+  performed, and I earnestly pray that a merciful God will extend to you
+  His blessing and protection. With an unceasing admiration of your
+  constancy and devotion to your Country, and a grateful remembrance of
+  your kind and generous consideration for myself, I bid you all an
+  Affectionate Farewell.
+
+                            [Illustration: R E Lee]
+
+
+
+
+                          Transcriber’s Notes
+
+
+--Copyright notice provided as in the original—this e-text is public
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+--In the text versions, delimited italics text in _underscores_ (the
+  HTML version reproduces the font form of the printed book.)
+
+--Silently corrected palpable typos; left non-standard spellings and
+  dialect unchanged.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Life of Gen. Robert E. Lee, For
+Children, by Mary L. Williamson
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Life of Gen. Robert E. Lee, For Children, by 
+Mary L. Williamson
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
+most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
+whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
+of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
+www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll
+have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using
+this ebook.
+
+
+
+Title: The Life of Gen. Robert E. Lee, For Children
+
+Author: Mary L. Williamson
+
+Release Date: October 3, 2019 [EBook #60410]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GEN. ROBERT E. LEE ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+<div class="img">
+<img class="cover" id="coverpage" src="images/cover.jpg" alt="The Life of Gen. Robert E. Lee, for Children" width="500" height="728" />
+</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic1">
+<img src="images/p02.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="672" />
+<p class="caption">UNVEILING OF LEE MONUMENT
+<br />At Richmond, Va., Friday, May 29, 1890.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="box">
+<h1><span class="small">THE LIFE</span>
+<br /><span class="smallest">OF</span>
+<br /><span class="sc">Gen. Robert E. Lee</span>,
+<br /><span class="small">FOR CHILDREN,
+<br /><span class="sc">In Easy Words</span>.</span></h1>
+<p class="center">ILLUSTRATED.</p>
+<p class="center">MRS. MARY L. WILLIAMSON.</p>
+<p class="center smaller">Harrisonburg, Virginia
+<br />SPRINKLE PUBLICATIONS
+<br />1989</p>
+</div>
+<p class="center smaller">Copyright, 1895,
+<br />BY
+<br /><span class="sc">Mrs.</span> MARY L. WILLIAMSON.</p>
+<p class="center small">Sprinkle Publications
+<br />P. O. Box 1094
+<br />Harrisonburg, Va. 22801</p>
+<h2><span class="h2line1">PREFACE.</span></h2>
+<p>In preparing the &ldquo;Life of Lee for Children,&rdquo; for use
+in the Public Schools, I beg leave to place before teachers
+good reasons for employing it as a supplementary reader.</p>
+<p>First, I urge the need of interesting our children in
+history at an early age. From observation I find that the
+minds of children who study history early expand more
+rapidly than those who are restricted to the limits of
+stories in readers. While teaching pupils to read, why
+not fix in their minds the names and deeds of our great
+men, thereby laying the foundation of historical knowledge
+and instilling true patriotism into their youthful
+souls?</p>
+<p>Secondly, in looking over the lives of our American
+heroes we find not one which presents such a picture of
+moral grandeur as that of Lee. Place this picture before
+the little ones and you cannot fail to make them look
+upward to noble ideals.</p>
+<p>This little book is intended as auxiliary to third
+readers. I have used the diacritical marks of Webster,
+also his syllabication. In compiling this work I referred
+chiefly to Gen. Fitzhugh Lee&rsquo;s &ldquo;Life of Lee,&rdquo; and
+Rev. J. William Jones&rsquo; &ldquo;Personal Reminiscences of
+R. E. Lee.&rdquo;
+<span class="jr"><span class="sc">Mary L. Williamson.</span></span></p>
+<div class="verse">
+<p class="t0"><span class="sc">New Market, Va.</span>,</p>
+<p class="t4">September 28, 1898.</p>
+</div>
+<h2><span class="h2line1">The Sword of Robert Lee.</span></h2>
+<p class="center small">Words by <span class="sc">Moina</span>. Music by <span class="sc">Armand</span>.</p>
+<div class="verse">
+<p class="t0">Forth from its scabbard, pure and bright,</p>
+<p class="t2">Flashed the sword of Lee!</p>
+<p class="t0">Far in the front of the deadly fight,</p>
+<p class="t0">High o&rsquo;er the brave, in the cause of right,</p>
+<p class="t0">Its stainless sheen, like a beacon light,</p>
+<p class="t2">Led us to victory.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="verse">
+<p class="t0">Out of its scabbard, where full long</p>
+<p class="t2">It slumbered peacefully&mdash;</p>
+<p class="t0">Roused from its rest by the battle-song,</p>
+<p class="t0">Shielding the feeble, smiting the strong,</p>
+<p class="t0">Guarding the right, and avenging the wrong&mdash;</p>
+<p class="t2">Gleamed the sword of Lee!</p>
+</div>
+<div class="verse">
+<p class="t0">Forth from its scabbard, high in air,</p>
+<p class="t2">Beneath Virginia&rsquo;s sky,</p>
+<p class="t0">And they who saw it gleaming there,</p>
+<p class="t0">And knew who bore it, knelt to swear</p>
+<p class="t0">That where that sword led they would dare</p>
+<p class="t2">To follow and to die.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="verse">
+<p class="t0">Out of its scabbard! Never hand</p>
+<p class="t2">Waved sword from stain as free,</p>
+<p class="t0">Nor purer sword led braver band,</p>
+<p class="t0">Nor braver bled for a brighter land,</p>
+<p class="t0">Nor brighter land had a cause as grand,</p>
+<p class="t2">Nor cause a chief like Lee!</p>
+</div>
+<div class="verse">
+<p class="t0">Forth from its scabbard! All in vain!</p>
+<p class="t2">Forth flashed the sword of Lee!</p>
+<p class="t0">&rsquo;Tis shrouded now in its sheath again,</p>
+<p class="t0">It sleeps the sleep of our noble slain,</p>
+<p class="t0">Defeated, yet without a stain,</p>
+<p class="t2">Proudly and peacefully.</p>
+</div>
+<h2>CONTENTS.</h2>
+<dl class="toc">
+<dt class="jr"><span class="jl"><span class="sc">Chapter</span></span> <span class="small"><span class="sc">Page</span></span></dt>
+<dt><span class="cn">I. </span><a href="#c1">Birth and Youth.</a> 9</dt>
+<dt><span class="cn">II. </span><a href="#c2">A Young Engineer.</a> 18</dt>
+<dt><span class="cn">III. </span><a href="#c3">A Cavalry Officer.</a> 28</dt>
+<dt><span class="cn">IV. </span><a href="#c4">A Confederate General.</a> 45</dt>
+<dt><span class="cn">V. </span><a href="#c5">A Confederate General. (Continued.)</a> 62</dt>
+<dt><span class="cn">VI. </span><a href="#c6">A College President.</a> 99</dt>
+<dt><span class="cn">VII. </span><a href="#c7">A People&rsquo;s Hero.</a> 151</dt>
+<dt><span class="cn">&nbsp; </span><a href="#c8">GENERAL R. E. LEE&rsquo;S Farewell Address to His Soldiers.</a> 169</dt>
+</dl>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_9">9</div>
+<h1 title="">The Life of Gen. Robert E. Lee.</h1>
+<h2 id="c1"><span class="h2line1">CHAPTER I.</span>
+<br /><span class="h2line2">Birth and Youth.</span></h2>
+<p>Robert Edward Lee was born at Stratford,
+Westmoreland county, Virginia, on the 19th
+of January, 1807.</p>
+<p>His father, General Henry Lee, had been
+a great chief in Washington&rsquo;s army. They
+sometimes call him &ldquo;Light-Horse Harry
+Lee.&rdquo; While with Washington, he was ever
+in front of the foe, and his troopers were
+what they always should be&mdash;the eyes and
+ears of the army.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_10">10</div>
+<p>After the war he was Governor of Virginia,
+and then a member of Congress. It
+was he who said in a speech made before
+Congress after the death of Washington, that
+he was &ldquo;First in war, first in peace, and
+first in the hearts of his countrymen.&rdquo; He
+also said, &ldquo;Virginia is my country; her will
+I obey, however sad the fate to which it may
+subject me.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The long line of Lees may be traced back
+to Launcelot Lee, of Loudon, in France, who
+went with William the Conqueror upon his
+expedition to England; and when Harold
+had been slain upon the bloody field of Hastings,
+Launcelot was given by William the
+Conqueror an estate in Essex. From that
+time the name of Lee is ever an honorable
+one in the history of England.</p>
+<p>In the time of the first Charles, Richard
+Lee came to the New World and found a
+home in Virginia. He was a man of good
+stature, sound sense, and kind heart. From
+him the noble stock of Virginia Lees began.
+He was the great-great-grandfather of Robert,
+who was much like him in many ways.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_11">11</div>
+<p>Robert&rsquo;s mother was Anne Hill Carter,
+who came from one of the best families of
+Virginia. She was a good and noble woman,
+who lived only to train her children in the
+right way.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic2">
+<img src="images/p03.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="556" />
+<p class="caption">STRATFORD.</p>
+</div>
+<p>Stratford, the house in which Robert was
+born, is a fine old mansion, built in the shape
+of the letter H, and stands not far from the
+banks of the Potomac River and near the
+birthplace of Washington. Upon the roof
+were summer houses, where the band played,
+while the young folks walked in the grounds
+below, and enjoyed the cool air from the river
+and the sweet music of the band.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_12">12</div>
+<p>He had two brothers and two sisters. His
+brothers were named Charles Carter and Sidney
+Smith, and his sisters Anne and Mildred.</p>
+<p>When Robert was but four years of age
+his father moved to Alexandria, a city not
+very far from the Stratford House, where he
+could send his boys to better schools. But
+he was not able to stay with them and bring
+them up to manhood. Shortly after he had
+moved to Alexandria, he was hurt in Baltimore
+by a mob of bad men, and he was
+never well again.</p>
+<p>When Robert was six years old, his father
+went to the West Indies for his health.
+While there he wrote kind letters to his son,
+Charles Carter Lee, and spoke with much love
+of all. Once he said, &ldquo;Tell me of Anne. Has
+she grown tall? Robert was always good.&rdquo;
+He wished to know, also, if his sons rode and
+shot well, saying that a Virginian&rsquo;s sons should
+be taught to ride, shoot, and tell the truth.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_13">13</div>
+<p>When he had been there five years, and
+only grew worse, he made up his mind to
+return home. But he grew so ill that he
+was put ashore on Cumberland Island at the
+home of a friend. He soon gave up all hope
+of life. At times his pain was so great that
+he would drive his servants and every one
+else out of the room. At length an old
+woman, who had been Mrs. Greene&rsquo;s best
+maid, was sent to nurse him. The first
+thing General Lee did when she came into
+the room was to hurl his boot at her head.
+Without a word, she picked up the boot and
+threw it back at him. A smile passed over
+the old chief&rsquo;s face as he saw how brave she
+was, and from that time to the day of his
+death none but Mom Sarah
+could wait on him. Two
+months after the sick soldier
+landed he was dead. His
+body was laid to rest amid
+the cedars and flowers of
+the South, and it has never
+been moved to Virginia.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic3">
+<img src="images/p04.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="356" />
+<p class="caption">MOM SARAH.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_14">14</div>
+<p>At this time Robert was only eleven years
+old. If he was a good boy, it was his mother
+who kept him so, for he never knew a father&rsquo;s
+care. His mother once said to a friend,
+&ldquo;How can I spare Robert! He is both a
+son and a daughter to me.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>About that time the girls and other boys
+were away from home, and she had no one
+but Robert to care for her. He took the
+keys and &ldquo;kept house&rdquo; for her when she
+was sick, and also saw to all of her outdoor
+work. He would run home from school to
+ride out with her, so that she might enjoy
+the fresh air and sunshine. When she
+would complain of the cold or draughts, he
+would pull out a great jackknife and stuff
+the cracks with paper, for the coach was an
+old one.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_15">15</div>
+<p>So he grew up by her side, a good and
+noble boy. At first he went to school to a
+Mr. Leary, who was ever his firm friend.
+Then he went to the school of Mr. Benjamin
+H. Hallowell, who always spoke of him as a
+fine young man.</p>
+<p>Robert was fond of hunting, and would
+sometimes follow the hounds all day. In
+this way he gained that great strength which
+was never known to fail him in after life.</p>
+<p>The old home, in Alexandria, where his
+mother had lived, was always a sacred place
+to him. Years after, one of his friends saw
+him looking sadly over the fence of the garden
+where he used to play. &ldquo;I am looking,&rdquo;
+he said, &ldquo;to see if the old snow-ball trees are
+still here. I should be sorry to miss them.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>When he was eighteen years old, he went
+to West Point to learn to be a soldier. He
+was there four years, and in that time never
+got a bad mark or demerit. His clothes
+always looked neat and clean, and his gun
+bright. In short, he kept the rules of the
+school and studied so well that he came out
+second in his class.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_16">16</div>
+<p>When he came home from West Point, he
+found his mother&rsquo;s old coachman, Nat, very
+ill. He took him at once
+to the South and nursed
+him with great care. But
+the spring-time saw the
+good old slave laid in the
+grave by the hand of his
+kind young master.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic4">
+<img src="images/p05.jpg" alt="" width="224" height="300" />
+<p class="caption">UNCLE NAT.</p>
+</div>
+<p>Not very long after, his
+dear mother grew quite ill.
+He sat by her bedside day and night, and
+gave her all her food and medicine with his
+own hand. But his great care and love could
+not save her. He was soon bereft of her to
+whom he used to say he &ldquo;owed everything.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Some one has said, &ldquo;Much has been written
+of what the world owes to &lsquo;Mary, the
+mother of Washington&rsquo;; but it owes scarcely
+less to &lsquo;Anne, the mother of Lee.&rsquo;&rdquo;</p>
+<hr />
+<dl class="undent"><dd>G&#277;n&prime;-er-al, the head of an army.</dd>
+<dd>Ex&prime;-pe-d&#301;&prime;-tion, a voyage; a trip, with an aim in view.</dd>
+<dd>St&#259;t&prime;-&#363;re, height.</dd>
+<dd>Dr&aring;ughts (dr&aring;fts), currents of air.</dd></dl>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_17">17</div>
+<dl class="undent"><dt>Tell what you remember about&mdash;</dt>
+<dd>Robert&rsquo;s father.</dd>
+<dd>Robert&rsquo;s mother.</dd>
+<dd>The situation of his home.</dd>
+<dd>Robert&rsquo;s kindness to his mother.</dd>
+<dd>His life at West Point.</dd></dl>
+<div class="img">
+<img src="images/p05a.jpg" alt="{uncaptioned}" width="500" height="163" />
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_18">18</div>
+<h2 id="c2"><span class="h2line1">CHAPTER II.</span>
+<br /><span class="h2line2">A Young Engineer.</span></h2>
+<p>In 1829, when twenty-two years old, Robert
+entered the Engineer Corps of the United
+States, and thus became Lieutenant Lee.</p>
+<p>It is the duty of these
+engineers in time of peace,
+to plan forts, to change
+the course of rivers which
+make sand-banks at wrong
+places, and to do other
+work of the same kind.
+Lieutenant Lee was sent
+at once to Hampton Roads,
+in Virginia, to build strong
+works, not dreaming that in after years it
+would be his fate to try to pull them down.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic5">
+<img src="images/p06.jpg" alt="" width="349" height="500" />
+<p class="caption">ROBERT E. LEE,
+<br />Lieut. of Engineers.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_19">19</div>
+<p>Lieutenant Lee was married on the 30th
+of June, 1831, to Mary Custis, who was the
+great-granddaughter of Mrs. Washington,
+and the only child of George Parke Custis,
+the adopted son of Washington. She lived
+at a fine old place on the Virginia bank of
+the Potomac River, called Arlington. At
+this time Lieutenant Lee was very handsome
+in face and tall and erect in figure.</p>
+<p>Two years after his marriage he was sent
+to the city of Washington. This change
+was pleasant to him, for he was then near
+the home of his wife.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic6">
+<img src="images/p06a.jpg" alt="" width="400" height="223" />
+<p class="caption">ARLINGTON.</p>
+</div>
+<p>In 1837 he was sent to St. Louis to find
+means to keep the great Mississippi River
+in its own bed. It was a hard task, but he
+at last forced the mighty river into the
+channel he wished. While at work, some
+men, who did not know what great things
+he could do, tried to drive his workmen
+away, and even
+brought up cannon.
+Lee did
+not mind them,
+but went on
+with his work,
+and soon had the great river to flow in the
+right place.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_20">20</div>
+<p>From St. Louis he was sent to New York
+to plan and build new forts to protect that
+great city. He was now a captain of engineers,
+and was soon to try the horrors of
+war.</p>
+<p>In 1846, a war broke out between the
+United States and Mexico. &ldquo;Engineers are
+of as much use to an army as sails to ships.&rdquo;
+They have to make roads and bridges, to
+plant big guns and draw maps, and guide
+the men when going to fight.</p>
+<p>At first, Captain Lee was sent to join General
+Wool, in the north of Mexico. Not long
+before the battle of Buena Vista (Bw&#257;&prime;-n&auml;-vees-t&auml;),
+General Wool sent Lee to see where
+Santa Anna, the general of the Mexicans,
+had placed his army. News had come that
+he was not far off.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic7">
+<img src="images/p07.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="489" />
+<p class="caption">MEXICO.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_21">21</div>
+<p>Lee rode, with only one man to guide
+him, into the mountains. After he had been
+riding for some hours, he saw on a hill-side
+the smoke of fires, and objects which he
+thought were tents. He went on, in a very
+cautious way, till he had gotten quite near.
+Then, he saw the white objects were only
+flocks of sheep and herds of cattle and mules
+on the way to market. He found out from
+the men driving them that Santa Anna had
+not crossed the mountains, and then went
+back to his friends, who thought that they
+would never see him again.</p>
+<p>Though he had ridden forty miles that
+night, he rested but three hours before
+taking a troop of horsemen and going far
+into the mountains to find out just where
+Santa Anna had gone with his army.</p>
+<p>Soon after this brave deed, Captain Lee
+was sent to join General Scott in the south
+of Mexico. He was put to work at Vera
+Cruz (V&#257;-r&auml;-kr&#333;&#333;s), a large town on the coast.
+There was a high wall, with strong forts
+around Vera Cruz. General Scott wished
+to take this city from the Mexicans. So
+Captain Lee had to plant big guns and
+build forts; and to do this he worked night
+and day.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_22">22</div>
+<p>As they were short of men, he was told to
+take some sailors from a man-of-war to help
+with the work. These men began to complain
+loudly. &ldquo;They did not enlist to dig
+dirt, and they did not want to work under
+a landlubber anyhow.&rdquo; Their captain said
+to Lee, &ldquo;The boys don&rsquo;t want any dirt to
+hide behind; they want to get on the <i>top</i>,
+where they can have a fair fight.&rdquo; Lee
+quietly showed his orders, and told the old
+&ldquo;salt&rdquo; he meant to carry them out, and
+pushed on the work &rsquo;mid curses both loud
+and deep.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_23">23</div>
+<p>Just as the work was done, the Mexicans
+began to fire their guns at that point, and
+these brave sons of the sea were glad enough
+to hide behind the &ldquo;bank of dirt.&rdquo; Not
+long after, their captain met Captain Lee and
+said, &ldquo;I suppose the dirt did save some of
+my boys. But I knew that we would have
+no use for dirt-banks on shipboard, that
+there what we want is a clear deck and an
+open sea. And the fact is, Captain, I don&rsquo;t
+like this land fighting anyway; <i>it ain&rsquo;t clean</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Vera Cruz was taken by General Scott in
+two weeks&rsquo; time. Then the men went on
+over hills and vales, till they came to the
+strong fort on Cerro Gordo. Captain Lee
+then found a way to lead the Americans to
+the rear of the Mexicans, who soon broke
+and fled.</p>
+<p>While this battle was raging, Captain Lee
+heard the cries of a little girl, and found by
+the side of a hut a Mexican drummer boy.
+His arm had been badly hurt and a large
+Mexican, who had been shot, had fallen on
+him. Captain Lee stopped, had the big
+Mexican thrown off of the boy, and the little
+fellow moved to a place of safety.</p>
+<p>His little sister stood by. Her large
+black eyes were streaming with tears, her
+hands were crossed upon her breast, and her
+hair in one long plait reached to her waist.
+Her feet and arms were bare. She was very
+thankful to Captain Lee for saving her
+brother.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_24">24</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic8">
+<img src="images/p08.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="444" />
+<p class="caption">CAPTAIN LEE RESCUING DRUMMER BOY.</p>
+</div>
+<p>In a letter to his son from this place, he
+says: &ldquo;I thought of you, my dear Custis,
+on the 18th in the battle, and wondered,
+when the musket balls and grape were
+whistling over my head, where I could put
+you, if with me, to be safe. I was truly
+thankful you were at school, I hope, learning
+to be good and wise. You have no idea
+what a horrible sight a battle-field is.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_25">25</div>
+<p>From Cerro Gordo, they went on fighting
+battles until they came to the large and rich
+city of Mexico.</p>
+<p>On this march, Captain Lee was always
+at the front to guide the men. Once, when
+one part of General Scott&rsquo;s army had lost its
+way, General Scott sent <i>seven</i> engineers to
+guide it into the right road. They had to
+cross a huge, rough bed of lava and rock.
+<i>Six</i> of them went back to camp, saying that
+they could not get across; but, Captain Lee
+pressed on in the dark, alone and on foot,
+and brought the men out in safety. General
+Scott once said that it was the greatest
+feat done by any <i>one man</i> during the war.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_26">26</div>
+<p>There were many battles fought, but at
+last the city of Mexico was taken by General
+Scott. In after years, this great man
+was heard to say that his great success in
+Mexico was largely due to the skill and
+valor of Robert E. Lee, and that he was the
+<i>best soldier</i> that he ever saw in the field.</p>
+<p>In the midst of all this fighting, his boys
+were ever in his thoughts. This is a part of
+what he wrote to his son Custis on Christmas-Eve,
+1846:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;I hope good Santa Claus will fill my
+Rob&rsquo;s stocking to-night; that Mildred&rsquo;s,
+Agnes&rsquo;s, and Anna&rsquo;s may break down with
+good things. I do not know what he may
+have for you and Mary, but if he leaves you
+one-half of what I wish, you will want for
+nothing. I think if I had one of you on
+each side of me, riding on ponies, I would
+be quite happy.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Not long after, he wrote to his boys thus:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;The ponies here cost from ten to fifty
+dollars. I have three horses, but <i>Creole</i> is
+my pet. She is a golden dun color, and
+takes me over all the ditches I have yet
+met with.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_27">27</div>
+<p>When the war was at last ended, in 1848,
+Captain Lee went home for a short rest, after
+which he was sent to West Point, as the
+Superintendent of the Academy from whose
+walls he had gone forth twenty-three years
+before. His duty was to watch over the
+studies and training of the boys who would
+one day be officers in the army.</p>
+<hr />
+<dl class="undent"><dd>Corps (k&#333;re), a body of troops.</dd>
+<dd>Of&prime;ficer, one who has charge of soldiers.</dd>
+<dd>L&auml;v&aring;, melted matter flowing from a volcano.</dd>
+<dd>F&#275;at, a great deed.</dd>
+<dd>Lieuten&prime;ant (lut&#277;n&prime;ant), an officer next below a captain.</dd></dl>
+<dl class="undent"><dt>Tell me&mdash;</dt>
+<dd>When Robert became Lieutenant Lee.</dd>
+<dd>Whom he married.</dd>
+<dd>Where he was sent in 1837.</dd>
+<dd>What war broke out in 1846.</dd>
+<dd>About a great feat performed by Captain Lee.</dd>
+<dd>Where he was sent in 1848.</dd></dl>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_28">28</div>
+<h2 id="c3"><span class="h2line1">CHAPTER III.</span>
+<br /><span class="h2line2">A Cavalry Officer.</span></h2>
+<p>After being three years at West Point,
+Captain Lee was sent to Texas as Lieutenant-Colonel
+(k&ucirc;rnel) of the Second Regiment
+of Cavalry. Cavalrymen are soldiers who
+fight on horseback and who carry sabers,
+and pistols, and short guns, called carbines.</p>
+<p>Colonel Lee did not wish to leave the
+Engineer Corps, as he had become very fond
+of the work, and had won a high rank in it;
+but, as he had been promoted to a higher
+place, he thought it best to take it. When
+at West Point, he had been a fine horseman.
+He was still fond of horses and liked to see
+them fed and well taken care of. Though
+now forty-six years of age, he still had a firm
+seat in the saddle and rode well. His regiment
+was sent to the new State of Texas,
+where his duty was to watch the Indians
+and keep them from killing the whites.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_29">29</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic9">
+<img src="images/p09.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="475" />
+<p class="caption">LEE CHASING THE INDIANS.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_30">30</div>
+<p>I have no doubt that Colonel Lee enjoyed
+riding over the vast plains of Texas, but life
+in the forts was not very pleasant to such a
+man as Lee. The forts were in the midst of
+dreary plains, and there were only a few men
+at each post. The scouting parties were led
+by lieutenants, and the higher officers would
+remain at the forts to see that all went right.
+Such a lonely life did not suit our hero, but
+he made the best of it.</p>
+<p>Near his first post, Camp Cooper, was
+an Indian Reserve, where the Indians
+would come to be fed by the Government.
+When it was cold and food was
+scarce, they would come in; but when
+the grass grew in the spring and the game
+was fat, they would go off and become wild
+and savage enough to kill those who had
+been kind to them.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_31">31</div>
+<p>Catumseh, a Comanche chief, was at the
+Reserve when Lee was at Camp Cooper.
+Lee thought it would be better to visit him
+and tell him that he would trust him as a
+friend so long as he behaved; but if he did
+not behave he would take him for a foe.
+Catumseh was not much pleased with Lee&rsquo;s
+speech, but gave an ugly grunt and said
+that, as he had <i>six</i> wives, he was a &ldquo;big
+Indian.&rdquo; Lee had better &ldquo;get <i>more wives</i>
+before he talked.&rdquo; This visit did not do
+much good. Catumseh was no doubt taking
+the measure of Lee&rsquo;s scalp, while Lee was
+displeased with the sly and filthy savage.</p>
+<p>The Comanche Indians were then the
+fiercest tribe in that region. They ate raw
+meat, slept on the ground, and were great
+thieves and murderers. They were fine horsemen,
+and moved swiftly from place to place
+on their ponies.</p>
+<p>In June, 1856, Lee was sent with four
+companies of his regiment on an expedition
+against the Comanches, but they could not
+be found. The wily savages had fled to
+their desert retreats, where foot of pale face
+had never trod.</p>
+<p>From Camp Cooper he writes to Mrs. Lee:</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_32">32</div>
+<p>&ldquo;My Fourth-of-July was spent after a
+march of thirty miles in one of the branches
+of the Bra&prime;zos, under my blanket, which
+rested on four sticks driven in the ground,
+as a sun-shade. The sun was fiery hot, the
+air like a furnace, and the water salt; still
+my love for my country was as great, my
+faith in her future as true, as they would
+have been under better circumstances.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The change of weather in Texas is sometimes
+very great.</p>
+<p>In another letter, he tells his wife about a
+cold wind or norther. &ldquo;I came here in a
+cold norther, and though I pitched my tent
+in the most sheltered place I could find, I
+found this morning, when getting up, my
+bucket of water, which was close by my bed,
+so hard frozen that I had to break the ice
+before I could pour the water into the basin.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>While Colonel Lee rode with his troopers
+from fort to fort, a dreadful disease broke out
+among them. Many died, but Colonel Lee
+did not catch the disease, though he lived
+among his men and ran great risks. In
+these sad times, his thoughts were ever with
+his dear ones at home.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_33">33</div>
+<p>In a letter dated Camp Cooper, June 9,
+1857, he tells about the sickness of the
+troopers:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;The great heat has made much sickness
+among the men. The children, too, have
+suffered. A bright little boy died from it a
+few days since. He was the only child, and
+his parents were much grieved at his loss * * *.
+For the first time in my life, I
+read the service of our Church over the grave
+to a large number of soldiers.&rdquo; A few days
+after, he again read the service over a little
+boy who had died with the disease.</p>
+<p>In a long letter from Fort Brown, Texas,
+December, 1856, he says:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;I thought of you and wished to be with
+you.&rdquo; He wrote again: &ldquo;Though absent,
+my heart will be in the midst of you; I can
+do nothing but love and pray for you all.
+My daily walks are alone, up and down the
+banks of the river, and my chief pleasure
+comes from my own thoughts, and from the
+sight of the flowers and animals I meet with
+here.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_34">34</div>
+<p>In the midst of this wild, lonely life he
+was ever true to his faith in Christ, which
+he had professed after the Mexican war.</p>
+<p>There was at Arlington a large yellow cat,
+called Tom Tita. All the family were fond
+of him, and Colonel
+Lee among the rest.
+This led him to
+write home about
+the cats he saw in
+his travels. He
+told once of a cat called by his mistress Jim
+Nooks. He was a great pet, but at last died
+from eating too much. He had coffee and
+cream for breakfast, pound cake for lunch,
+turtle and oysters for dinner, buttered toast
+and Mexican rats, taken raw, for supper.
+He was very handsome, but his &ldquo;beauty
+could not save him.&rdquo; The kindness of his
+mistress was his ruin.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic10">
+<img src="images/p10.jpg" alt="" width="400" height="227" />
+<p class="caption">TOM TITA.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_35">35</div>
+<p>Again he told his little girl about a cat
+which was dressed up. He had two holes
+bored in each ear, and in each wore bows of
+pink and blue ribbon. He was snow-white
+and wore a gold chain on his neck. His
+tail and feet were tipped with black, and his
+eyes of green were truly cat-like.</p>
+<p>In the summer of 1857, he was made
+Colonel (k&ucirc;r&prime;nel) of his regiment. The next
+fall his father-in-law, Mr. Custis, died, and
+Colonel Lee went home for a short time.
+Mr. Custis left Arlington and the rest of his
+land to Mrs. Lee, and he also willed that at
+the end of five years all of his slaves should
+be set free. He had chosen Colonel Lee to
+see that his will was carried out.</p>
+<p>Colonel Lee stayed as long as he could
+with his lonely wife, and then went back to
+his post in Texas. It must have been far
+from easy for him to go back to the wild,
+hard life on the plains. There were then
+no railroads. The United States mail was
+carried on mules, by armed soldiers who
+rode in a gallop from place to place. Often
+they were slain by the Indians, who would
+scalp them and leave their bodies to be
+found by the troopers as they chased the
+savages back to their retreats.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_36">36</div>
+<p>Two years more were spent in Texas,
+when, in October, 1859, we find him again
+at home, and taking part in a great tragedy.</p>
+<p>A man, named John Brown, made a plan
+to set free the negro slaves who were then in
+the South, and to kill all the whites. This
+plot did not succeed, and John Brown and
+his men took refuge in the Round House at
+Harper&rsquo;s Ferry. Colonel Lee, who was then
+at home on a furlough, was ordered to take a
+band of soldiers and capture these bold men.
+He went at once to Harper&rsquo;s Ferry and
+quickly took them prisoners. They were
+then tried and hung for treason.</p>
+<p>Just here, I must tell you that the slaves
+were blacks, or negroes, who had first been
+brought to this country from Africa, in 1619,
+by the Dutch, and sold to the Virginia
+planters. At first, the planters bought them
+out of pity, as they were badly treated by
+the Dutch. But after a time it was found
+that the negroes worked well in the corn and
+tobacco fields, and that they made money for
+their masters.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_37">37</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic11">
+<img src="images/p11.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="516" />
+<p class="caption">COL. R. E. LEE AT JOHN BROWN&rsquo;S FORT, HARPER&rsquo;S FERRY.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_38">38</div>
+<p>Many men at the North were sea-going
+men, and they soon found out that, by sailing
+over the ocean to Africa and catching
+the blacks, they could sell them at a great
+profit to themselves. This they did, and
+men both at the North and South bought
+them, though, even then, there were some
+people at the South who thought it wrong to
+buy and sell human beings.</p>
+<p>In the State of Georgia it was for a time
+against the law to hold negro slaves.</p>
+<p>After a while, it was found that the
+climate at the North was too cold for the
+negro to thrive. It did not pay the men at
+the North to keep them, and so they were
+sold to the Southern planters.</p>
+<p>In the South, the climate was hot, like
+that of their native Africa, so they did well
+in that sunny land.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_39">39</div>
+<p>In 1808, it was made unlawful to bring
+any more slaves from Africa to the United
+States. The people at the South were glad
+that the trade in slaves was stopped, but
+the Northern traders were of course sorry
+that they could make no more money in that
+way.</p>
+<p>When the negroes were first brought from
+Africa, they were heathen savages; but, after
+a few years, they learned the speech and
+customs of the whites; and, more than all,
+the worship of the true God. In thinking
+of this, we have to admit that slavery must
+have been permitted by the Lord in order to
+bring a heathen people out of darkness into
+the light of the Gospel.</p>
+<p>There were now four millions of negroes
+in the South. There was great love between
+the blacks and their masters, as we have
+seen when John Brown tried to get the
+former to rise up and slay the whites. For
+years, there had been a feeling in the North
+that it was wrong to own slaves, and some
+of the people began to hate the South and
+to try to crush it.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_40">40</div>
+<p>The South felt that they owned the slaves
+under the law, or Constitution of the United
+States, and that they ought to be let alone.
+They also claimed that the slaves, as a class,
+were better treated than any other working
+people in the world. They, moreover, said
+that the Southern States had a perfect right
+to go out of the Union, if they wished, and
+set up a government for themselves. This
+the North denied; and thus they quarreled
+about the rights of States, and slavery, and
+other things, until they began to think of
+war.</p>
+<p>In a short time after the John Brown Raid,
+Colonel Lee was back at his post in Texas,
+but he was much troubled at the state of his
+dear country. He loved the Union and had
+lived nearly all his life in its service; but he
+knew that Virginia was in the right, and
+that he could not fight against his native
+State.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_41">41</div>
+<p>So, when the war came, he left the United
+States Army to fight for Virginia and the
+South.</p>
+<p>He was offered the chief command of the
+United States Army if he would remain in the
+&ldquo;Union&rdquo; service. He knew that if he went
+with the South he would lose his rank, and also
+his lovely home&mdash;Arlington, but &ldquo;&lsquo;none of
+these things moved him&rsquo;; his only wish was <i>to
+know, that he might walk the path of duty</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>He said to Mr. Blair, who came to offer
+him the command of the army: &ldquo;If I
+owned the four millions of slaves in the
+South, I would give them all up to save the
+Union, but how can I draw my sword upon
+Virginia, my native State?&rdquo; So, when Mr.
+Lincoln called for troops to send against the
+South, Lee turned his back upon &ldquo;wealth,
+rank, and all that a great power could give
+him, and offered his stainless sword to his
+native State.&rdquo; His great soul was wrung
+with grief, but he obeyed the call of duty.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_42">42</div>
+<p>He went at once to Richmond, and was
+made Major-General of the Virginia troops.
+His three sons also joined the Confederate
+army.</p>
+<p>General Lee was now fifty-four years old.
+He had been thirty-two years in the service
+of the United States.</p>
+<p>The great &ldquo;Civil War&rdquo; now began. The
+eleven Southern States which had left the
+&ldquo;Union&rdquo; were now called &ldquo;The Confederate
+States of America&rdquo;; Mr. Jefferson Davis
+was made President of them, and Richmond
+in Virginia was made the capital city.</p>
+<hr />
+<dl class="undent"><dd>S&#257;&prime;bers, swords with broad blades.</dd>
+<dd>Furlough (f&ucirc;r&prime;l&#333;), a leave of absence.</dd>
+<dd>Trea&prime;son (tr&#275;&prime;zon), the act of being false to one&rsquo;s country.</dd>
+<dd>Prom&#333;&prime;ted, raised to a higher rank.</dd>
+<dd>R&#277;g&prime;iment, a body of troops under a colonel.</dd>
+<dd>Tr&#259;g&prime;&#275;dy, an action in which the life of a person is taken.</dd></dl>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_43">43</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic12">
+<img src="images/p12.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="504" />
+<p class="caption">VIRGINIA STATE CAPITOL, FORMERLY OCCUPIED BY THE CONFEDERATE CONGRESS.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_44">44</div>
+<dl class="undent"><dt>What do you know about&mdash;</dt>
+<dd>Cavalrymen?</dd>
+<dd>Colonel Lee&rsquo;s life in Texas?</dd>
+<dd>Catumseh?</dd>
+<dd>The Comanche Indians?</dd>
+<dd>The negroes?</dd>
+<dd>John Brown?</dd>
+<dd>The wish of Lee?</dd>
+<dd>What he deemed his duty?</dd>
+<dd>The great &ldquo;Civil War&rdquo;?</dd></dl>
+<div class="img">
+<img src="images/p13.jpg" alt="{uncaptioned}" width="400" height="402" />
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_45">45</div>
+<h2 id="c4"><span class="h2line1">CHAPTER IV.</span>
+<br /><span class="h2line2">A Confederate General.</span></h2>
+<p>In this little book I cannot tell all that
+happened during the Civil War, but only as
+much as will relate to our hero, General Lee.</p>
+<p>There were now two governments&mdash;one at
+the North; the other at the South. Mr.
+Abraham Lincoln was President of the North,
+or Federals, while Mr. Jefferson Davis was
+the President of the South, or Confederates.
+The first thought of the North was to defend
+Washington, their capital city; while the
+South was just as busy taking care of Richmond,
+and getting arms and troops ready
+for war.</p>
+<p>In this war, brother fought against brother,
+and friend against friend. It was a time of
+great trouble all over the land. At the
+North, one hundred thousand men were
+enlisted in three days. At the South, the
+feeling was more intense. Men rushed to
+arms from all parts of the country.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_46">46</div>
+<p>You must notice that from the first of the
+war, the South was much poorer in the number
+of men and arms than the North. There
+were at the North eighteen millions of whites;
+while at the South, there were only six millions.
+Through all the South, there could be found
+only fifteen thousand new rifles and about
+one hundred thousand old muskets.</p>
+<p>The Federals wore a uniform of blue, while
+the Confederates were clad in gray; hence
+they were sometimes called &ldquo;the blue&rdquo; and
+&ldquo;the gray.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The first blood which flowed in this war
+was shed in Baltimore. The Sixth Massachusetts
+Regiment, as it was passing through
+the city on its way south, was attacked by a
+band of men who loved the South and could
+not bear to see them marching on to fight
+their brethren. In the fierce street fight
+which followed, several men were killed.
+This happened on April the 19th, 1861.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_47">47</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic13">
+<img src="images/p14.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="534" />
+<p class="caption">GEN. R. E. LEE IN WEST VIRGINIA.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_48">48</div>
+<p>The first gun of the war was fired at half-past
+four o&rsquo;clock April 12, 1861, at Fort
+Sumter, in South Carolina. This fort was
+taken by the Confederates after a fight of
+thirty-four hours, in which no one was hurt
+on either side.</p>
+<p>During the first months of the war, General
+Lee was kept in Richmond to send Virginia
+men, who came to fight for the South,
+to the places where they were most needed.
+All around Richmond were camps, where
+men were trained for war. The largest of
+these camps was called &ldquo;Camp Lee,&rdquo; after
+our hero. But in July, 1861, Lee was sent
+to Western Virginia, and was, for the first
+time, commander of troops in the field.</p>
+<p>Just then, there were heavy rains and a
+great deal of sickness among the men of his
+small army, so that he was not able to attack
+the enemy, as he had planned.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_49">49</div>
+<p>After some time, it was thought best to
+give up Western Virginia, and General Lee
+went back to Richmond, where he stayed
+only a short time. In November, 1861, he
+was sent south to build a line of forts along
+the coasts of South Carolina and Georgia.
+In four months&rsquo; time he did much to show
+his skill as an engineer.</p>
+<p>But a large Northern army, under General
+McClellan, was at the gates of Richmond, and
+Lee was sent for to take charge of all the
+armies of the South. Very soon, a battle
+was fought at Seven Pines, May 31st, which
+stopped General McClellan&rsquo;s &ldquo;On to Richmond.&rdquo;
+In that battle General Johnston,
+the commanding general, was badly wounded,
+and General Lee was put in his place. Lee
+was swift to plan and as swift to act. His
+task was hard. The hosts of the North
+were at the gates of Richmond. The folks
+on the house-tops could see their camp-fires
+and hear the roar of their cannon. Lee at
+once began to make earth-works, and to
+place his men for battle. Every day, now, a
+fine-looking man, clad in a neat gray uniform,
+might be seen riding along the line.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_50">50</div>
+<p>He wished to know what was going on in
+the camp of the foe, and now the right man
+came forward. His name was J. E. B.
+Stuart, best known as Jeb Stuart. He led
+his brave troopers quite around the army of
+the North and found out all that Lee wished
+to know. He was ever after this, until his
+death, the &ldquo;eyes and ears&rdquo; of Lee.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Stonewall&rdquo; Jackson now came from the
+Valley with his brave men, and Lee at once
+began the &ldquo;Seven Days&rsquo; Battle.&rdquo; Stuart was
+&ldquo;the eyes and ears&rdquo; of Lee, and Jackson
+was his &ldquo;right arm,&rdquo; as you will learn before
+you get through with this little book.</p>
+<p>For seven days the battle went on, and at
+last the Army of the Potomac, under General
+McClellan, was forced back to the James
+river, and Richmond was saved from the foe
+by the skill of Lee and the valor of his men.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_51">51</div>
+<p>Lee now marched north towards Washington
+City, and in August, 1862, met the
+army of General Pope and fought the Second
+Battle of Manassas. Lee had made a bold
+plan to put the army of Pope to flight. He
+sent Stonewall Jackson fifty-six miles around
+to the rear of Pope, while he (Lee) kept him
+in check in front.</p>
+<p>Jackson&rsquo;s men marched so fast that they
+were called &ldquo;foot cavalry.&rdquo; They ate apples
+and green corn as they marched along, for
+they had no time to stop. Only one man
+among them knew where they were going.
+Little cared they, for Stonewall Jackson led
+the way.</p>
+<p>On the evening of the second day, Jackson,
+with twenty thousand men, was between
+Pope and Washington city. Lee was in
+front of Pope with the rest of the army.</p>
+<p>General Jackson fell upon Manassas Junction
+and took three hundred prisoners and
+many car-loads of food and clothes. After
+the men had eaten what food they wanted,
+they burned the rest and moved away.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_52">52</div>
+<p>Jackson found a good position from which
+to fight, and when Pope&rsquo;s men came up was
+ready for them. They fought all day, and
+when the powder and shot gave out the
+Southern men fought with stones.</p>
+<p>All this time Lee, with most of the men,
+was coming round to help Jackson. How
+eagerly Jackson looked for help! He had
+only twenty thousand men against three
+times that many. At last Lee came up,
+and the battle was won (August 30th).
+Many brave men were killed on both sides,
+but Lee was the victor. In three months&rsquo;
+time he had driven the foe from Richmond,
+and was now in front of Washington with
+his army.</p>
+<p>He now sent General Jackson to Harper&rsquo;s
+Ferry, where he took as prisoners twelve
+thousand men of the North, September
+15th. Jackson then hurried back to Lee,
+who had crossed the Potomac and gone over
+into Maryland, on September 5, 1862.</p>
+<p>At Sharpsburg sometimes called Antietam
+(Ante&rsquo;tam), he again met the fresh army of
+McClellan and fought one of the most bloody
+battles of the war. Lee had only half as
+many men as McClellan, but when, after the
+battle, Lee thought it best to return to Virginia,
+McClellan did not follow him. Lee
+led his army back to Virginia without the
+loss of a gun or a wagon, and they rested
+near Winchester, Virginia.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_53">53</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic14">
+<img src="images/p15.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="673" />
+<p class="caption">LAST MEETING OF LEE AND JACKSON.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_54">54</div>
+<p>General Lee, in his tent near Winchester,
+heard of the death of his daughter Annie.
+She had been his dearest child, and his grief
+at her death was great; but he wrote thus
+to Mrs. Lee:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;But God in this, as in all things, has
+mingled mercy with the blow by selecting
+the one best prepared to go. May you join
+me in saying &lsquo;His will be done!&rsquo;&rdquo;</p>
+<p>It was now McClellan&rsquo;s turn to attack
+Lee, but he was slow to move&mdash;so slow that
+Mr. Lincoln sent him word &ldquo;to cross the
+Potomac and give battle to the foe, and
+drive him south.&rdquo; But still he did not
+move, and Lee, who was also wanting to
+move, sent Jeb Stuart over into Maryland to
+find out what McClellan was doing. That
+gallant man again went around the whole
+Northern army, and came back safe to Lee,
+having found out what Lee wished to know.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_55">55</div>
+<p>The Northern army now came back to
+Virginia and Lee moved to Fredericksburg,
+a town on the Rappahannock river.</p>
+<p>Burnside was now put at the head of the
+Northern army in the place of General
+McClellan, whom Mr. Lincoln accused of
+being too slow.</p>
+<p>Lee placed his men on the heights above
+the river, on the south side, while Burnside&rsquo;s
+hosts were on Stafford Heights and the plains
+below.</p>
+<p>At daylight on December 13, 1862, the
+battle began, and was fought bravely by both
+sides. But Burnside&rsquo;s men had little chance,
+since Lee&rsquo;s men from above poured the shot
+and shell so fast that they could not move
+forward.</p>
+<p>The noise of this battle was terrible, as
+there were three hundred cannon roaring at
+once.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_56">56</div>
+<p>Cooke, a great writer, tells us that as
+Burnside&rsquo;s guns were fired directly at the
+town, the houses were soon on fire and a
+dense cloud of smoke hung over its roofs
+and steeples. Soon the red flames leaped
+up high above the smoke and the people
+were driven from their homes. Hundreds of
+women and children were seen wandering
+along the frozen roads, not knowing where
+to go.</p>
+<p>General Lee stood upon a ridge which is
+now called &ldquo;Lee&rsquo;s Hill,&rdquo; and watched this
+painful scene. For a long time he stood
+silent, and then, in his deep, grave voice,
+said these words, which were the most bitter
+that he was ever known to utter: &ldquo;These
+people delight to destroy the weak, and those
+who can make no defence; it just suits
+them.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>When the day was done, Lee was again
+victor.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_57">57</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic15">
+<img src="images/p16.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="678" />
+<p class="caption">LEE AT FREDERICKSBURG.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_58">58</div>
+<p>In less than <i>six months</i> Lee had fought
+<i>four</i> great battles&mdash;all victorious to his arms,
+except that of Sharpsburg, which was neither
+a victory nor defeat. The Southern army
+was now full of hope and courage. At the
+battle of Fredericksburg, Lee had only sixty
+thousand men, while Burnside&rsquo;s army numbered
+over one hundred thousand. In this
+battle Lee lost five thousand men, while
+twelve thousand of Burnside&rsquo;s men lay stark
+and cold upon the bloody field.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_59">59</div>
+<p>Lee grieved over the loss of his brave men,
+and for the good people of Fredericksburg
+who had lost their homes by fire during the
+fight. He now waited day after day for
+Burnside to attack, but in vain. At length
+Lee went into winter quarters in a tent at
+the edge of an old pine field near Fredericksburg,
+and began to get ready for fight when
+the spring came. It was at this time that
+among a number of fowls given to Lee, was
+a fine hen which began the egg business before
+her head came off, and Bryan, Lee&rsquo;s servant,
+saved her for the egg which he found
+each day in the General&rsquo;s tent. Lee would
+leave the door of the tent open for the hen
+to go in and out. She roosted and rode in
+the wagon, and was an eye-witness of the
+battle of Chancellorsville. She was also at
+the battle of Gettysburg; but when orders
+were given to fall back, the hen could not
+be found. At last, they saw her perched on
+top of the wagon, ready to go back to her
+native State.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic16">
+<img src="images/p17.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="342" />
+<p class="caption">GEN. LEE&rsquo;S HEN.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_60">60</div>
+<p>In 1864, when food began to get scarce
+and Bryan was in sore need for something
+nice for guests, he killed the good old
+hen unknown to her master. At dinner,
+General Lee thought it a very fine fowl, not
+dreaming that Bryan had killed his pet.</p>
+<p>It was now time for Lee to carry out the
+will of old Mr. Custis and set free his slaves.
+Many of them had been carried off by the
+Northern men, but now he wrote out the
+deed and set them free by law. He wrote
+thus of them to Mrs. Lee:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;They are all entitled to their freedom,
+and I wish them to have it. Those that
+have been carried away I hope are free and
+happy.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>He had set free his own slaves years before.</p>
+<p>Lee had proved so great a leader that the
+people of the South began to look to him
+with great love and hope.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_61">61</div>
+<p>During these battles, of which I have told
+you, one-half of the Southern men were in
+rags, and many were without shoes. Yet
+shoeless, hatless, ragged and starving, they
+followed Lee and fought his battles. Their
+pet name for him was &ldquo;Marse Robert.&rdquo;
+They knew that their great chief cared for
+them, and would not send them into danger
+if he could help it; and it was no fault of
+his if their food was scant and poor. They
+learned to love and trust him. &ldquo;Marse
+Robert says so,&rdquo; was their battle-cry.</p>
+<hr />
+<dl class="undent"><dd>Pr&#277;s&prime;ident, the head of a free people.</dd>
+<dd>M&#277;r&prime;cy, kindness.</dd>
+<dd>G&#259;l&prime;lant, brave; daring in fight.</dd>
+<dd>V&#301;c&prime;tor, one who wins.</dd>
+<dd>Pos&#301;&prime;tion, place.</dd></dl>
+<dl class="undent"><dt>Tell about&mdash;</dt>
+<dd>The two governments.</dd>
+<dd>The first blood shed.</dd>
+<dd>The first gun fired.</dd>
+<dd>&ldquo;Camp Lee.&rdquo;</dd>
+<dd>Where General Lee was first sent.</dd>
+<dd>The &ldquo;On to Richmond.&rdquo;</dd>
+<dd>Jeb Stuart. &ldquo;Stonewall&rdquo; Jackson.</dd>
+<dd>The Second Battle of Manassas.</dd>
+<dd>Sharpsburg. Fredericksburg.</dd>
+<dd>The will of Mr. Custis.</dd>
+<dd>The soldiers&rsquo; love for Lee.</dd></dl>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_62">62</div>
+<h2 id="c5"><span class="h2line1">CHAPTER V.</span>
+<br /><span class="h2line2">A Confederate General.</span>
+<br /><span class="h2line3">(<i>Continued.</i>)</span></h2>
+<p>When the spring of 1863 came, the two
+armies were still in sight of each other near
+Fredericksburg. A new man, General Hooker,
+sometimes called &ldquo;Fighting Joe,&rdquo; had been
+put at the head of the army of the North.
+Take note that he was the fourth general
+that President Lincoln had sent forth within
+a year to conquer Lee.</p>
+<p>Lee watched his new foe, and when he
+had found out his plans was ready for him.
+He fell back to a place called Chancellorsville,
+and there, in the midst of a dense
+forest, the fight took place (May 2, 3).</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_63">63</div>
+<p>While the battle was going on, Lee sent
+Jackson to the rear to cut Hooker off from
+a ford in the river. Jackson&rsquo;s men moved
+through the forest so swiftly and with so
+little noise that they fell upon Hooker&rsquo;s men
+with a loud yell before he knew they were
+near. They rushed out like a thunder-bolt
+and swept down upon the line like a flash
+of lightning. The foe did not wait, but
+turned and fled.</p>
+<p>It was now nearly dark, and, as Jackson
+rode forward to view the way, he was shot
+by his own men, who, in the dim light,
+thought that he and his aids were a squad
+of Northern cavalry. He was shot in three
+places&mdash;in his right hand, his left forearm,
+and again in the same limb near the shoulder.
+He was placed in a litter and taken from the
+field. All care was taken of this great and
+good man, but he died the next Sunday. His
+last words were:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Order A. P. Hill to prepare for action.
+Pass the infantry to the front. Tell Major
+Hawkes&rdquo;&mdash;he stopped and then said, as if
+the fight was over, &ldquo;Let us pass over the
+river and rest under the trees.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_64">64</div>
+<p>Thus passed away the great Stonewall
+Jackson, the &ldquo;right arm of Lee.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>For two days after Jackson was wounded,
+the fight went on and raged with great fury.
+General Hooker was struck by a piece of
+wood split off by a cannon ball, and for a
+time was thought dead.</p>
+<p>Lee made bold plans and his brave men
+carried them out. Stuart, who had taken
+Stonewall Jackson&rsquo;s command, led his men
+to battle, singing &ldquo;Old Joe Hooker, won&rsquo;t
+you come out of the wilderness.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>At last the battle of Chancellorsville was
+won and Hooker was forced back to his old
+camp at Fredericksburg.</p>
+<p>Chancellorsville was Lee&rsquo;s greatest battle,
+but its glory was clouded by Jackson&rsquo;s death.
+General Lee wrote to his wife, May 11, 1863:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;You will see we have to mourn the loss
+of the good and great Jackson. * * * I
+know not how to replace him, but God&rsquo;s
+will be done.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>In this battle Lee had only fifty-three
+thousand men, one-third as many men as
+Hooker.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_65">65</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic17">
+<img src="images/p18.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="611" />
+<p class="caption">GEN. STONEWALL JACKSON</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_66">66</div>
+<p>In June, 1863, Lee again crossed the Potomac
+and met an army under General
+Meade at Gettysburg, in Pennsylvania.</p>
+<p>Lee had two reasons for this move. One
+was to get food for his men and horses; and
+the other to draw the Northern army away
+from its strong forts around Washington
+city. He gave strict orders to his men not
+to steal and rob. This is a part of his order:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;The commanding general thinks that no
+greater disgrace could befall the army, and
+through it our whole people, than to commit
+outrages on the innocent and defenceless. * * *
+It must be remembered
+that we make war only upon <i>armed men</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>This order, with its noble Christ-like spirit,
+will remain the &ldquo;undying glory of Lee&rdquo;; for
+all his property had been taken by the
+Federals. His wife and daughters were
+homeless, yet he did not fail to return good
+for evil.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_67">67</div>
+<p>When Lee started into Maryland, he sent
+Jeb Stuart on ahead to guard the right flank
+of his army. By some mishap, he crossed
+the Potomac too far to the east, and soon
+found that the whole Federal army was between
+him and General Lee. By hard fighting
+and riding he at last joined Lee at Gettysburg,
+but not until after the fight had
+begun. Lee was thus without his &ldquo;eyes and
+ears,&rdquo; as we have called General Stuart, and
+could not tell just where the foe was. Neither
+Lee nor Meade had planned to fight at Gettysburg,
+but they fell upon each other pretty
+much like two men groping in the dark.</p>
+<p>For the first two days (July 1, 2) Lee&rsquo;s
+men drove back the enemy. On the third
+day, at 1 o&rsquo;clock P. M., Lee began to fight
+with one hundred and fifty big guns. For
+two hours the air was alive with shells.
+Then, out of the woods swept the Confederate
+battle line, over a mile long, under General
+Pickett. A thrill of wonder ran along the
+Federal lines as that grand column of fifteen
+thousand men marched, with ragged clothes,
+but bright guns and red battle-flags flying,
+up the slope of Cemetery Ridge. Down upon
+them came shot and shell from guns on the
+heights above and round them.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_68">68</div>
+<p>The line was broken, but on they went.
+They planted their Confederate flags on the
+breast-work; they fought hand to hand and
+killed men at the cannon with the bayonet;
+but down from the hill rushed tens of thousands
+of Federals, and many who were not
+killed were taken prisoners. Few got back
+to tell the story. That night the stars
+looked down upon a field of dead and dying
+men and also upon a sad general. Lee&rsquo;s
+orders had not been obeyed, and, for the first
+time, he had been foiled.</p>
+<p>Lee afterwards said to a friend, &ldquo;Had I
+had Stonewall Jackson at Gettysburg, I would
+have won a great victory.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_69">69</div>
+<p>He had made a bold plan to attack early
+in the day; but it was not done, and thus
+Meade got time to bring up his troops.
+Meade did not attack Lee, who rested that
+night upon the same ground as the night
+before.</p>
+<p>Lee now had but little powder and shot.
+On the next day, the 4th of July, he started
+his long trains of wounded and prisoners
+towards Virginia; and, at the same time,
+buried his dead. That night, in a storm,
+the army began its homeward march, and
+reached the Potomac river to find it too high
+to cross. Calm and brave, Lee sent his
+wounded over in boats and got ready for
+Meade. But Meade was in no mood to
+attack Lee and came up slowly.</p>
+<p>While waiting for the river to fall, Lee
+heard of the capture of his son Gen. W. H. F.
+Lee.</p>
+<p>On the 13th, Lee&rsquo;s men began to cross
+the river, and by the next night they were
+again safe in Virginia.</p>
+<p>The men lost at Gettysburg were never
+replaced, for the South had sent forth all her
+fighting men and had no more to give.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_70">70</div>
+<p>The rest of the year passed without any
+great battle. Lee&rsquo;s chief concern was to
+get food and clothes for his men and to watch
+Meade, who would not give battle.</p>
+<p>About this time the city of Richmond presented
+to Lee a house. This he kindly but
+firmly refused to take, and begged that what
+means the city had to spare might be given
+to the families of his poor soldiers.</p>
+<p>Late in November, General Meade moved
+towards Lee, who had built strong forts at Mine
+Run. But Meade found the forts too strong
+for attack and withdrew during the night.</p>
+<p>The next year a new man was sent against
+Lee&mdash;Ulysses S. Grant. Lee had now only
+sixty-two thousand men to meet Grant, who
+had <i>one hundred and twenty-five thousand</i> men,
+and a wagon train that reached sixty-five
+miles.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_71">71</div>
+<p>With this large army, Grant crossed the
+Rapidan river, and marched on to give Lee
+battle. Lee did not wait for Grant, but
+went forward and met his hosts in a place
+called the Wilderness, which was a vast
+forest full of underbrush, and with only narrow
+roads here and there. It was a bad
+place in which to fight a battle, for no man
+could see but a few yards around him. Cannon
+and horsemen were of no use, because
+they could not move through the tangled
+bushes.</p>
+<p>Grant did not know that Lee&rsquo;s men were
+so near. But when they rushed into these
+wilds and boldly began the fight he had to
+give battle. For two days, May 5th and
+6th, 1864, two hundred thousand men in
+blue and gray fought breast to breast in the
+thickets. Men fell and died unseen, their
+bodies lost in the bushes and their death-groans
+drowned in the roar of battle.</p>
+<p>In the midst of these horrors, the woods
+caught on fire and many of the wounded
+were burnt alive. Lee, however, pressed forward,
+and when night closed had taken a
+portion of the Federal breast-works.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_72">72</div>
+<p>During the fight of the 6th, General Lee
+placed himself at the head of some men from
+Texas to lead the charge. &ldquo;Hurrah for
+Texas!&rdquo; he cried, and ordered the charge.
+But the soldiers, anxious for their dear general,
+shouted, &ldquo;Lee to rear!&rdquo; A gray-haired
+soldier seized his bridle, saying, &ldquo;General
+Lee, if you do not go back, we will not go
+forward!&rdquo; So General Lee reined back his
+horse and the brave Texans swept on to victory
+and death.</p>
+<p>On the morning of the 7th, Grant made
+no motion to attack Lee, but that night
+marched towards Spotsylvania Court-House.
+Lee at once found out his plans and began
+a race to reach there first. When the front
+of Grant&rsquo;s army reached the Court-House the
+next morning, they found Lee&rsquo;s men behind
+breast-works and ready for the fight. Lee
+had gotten between Grant and Richmond!
+That evening the two great armies were
+again facing each other on the banks of the
+Po river. Here they threw up breast-works,
+which may yet be seen.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_73">73</div>
+<p>For twelve days, Grant made many attacks
+upon Lee&rsquo;s lines. Early on the morning
+of the 12th his men made an opening in
+Lee&rsquo;s lines and poured in by
+thousands. Lee&rsquo;s men
+ran up quickly and soon a most terrible fight
+took place. The trenches ran with blood
+and the space was piled with dead bodies,
+whose lips were black with powder from biting
+cartridges.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic18">
+<img src="images/p19.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="495" />
+<p class="caption">LEE IN FRONT OF HIS TROOPS.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_74">74</div>
+<p>Though Grant held that position, he could
+not break through the second line. The
+little army in gray stood as firm as the
+mountains.</p>
+<p>In the fight of which I have just told you,
+General Lee again rode in front, with hat
+off, to lead the charge; but General Gordon
+dashed up and said:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;These are Virginians and Georgians who
+have never failed. Go to the rear, General
+Lee.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Then he said to the men:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Must General Lee lead this charge?&rdquo;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;No! No!&rdquo; they cried; &ldquo;we will drive
+them back if General Lee will go to the
+rear.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>They rushed off and once more hurled back
+the Federal troops.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_75">75</div>
+<p>Grant now sent his cavalry general, Sheridan,
+on a raid near Richmond. A fierce
+battle was fought at Yellow Tavern, in which
+the famous Jeb Stuart was wounded so that
+he died the next day. Alas for Lee! Jackson
+and Stuart were both gone.</p>
+<p>Grant again moved to the rear, and Lee
+next moved to the North Anna river. While
+Grant was again trying to flank, Lee got to
+the old works at Cold Harbor. Grant made
+an attack at daylight. His troops, sinking
+into a swamp, were killed by thousands,
+while Lee lost but few men.</p>
+<p>A second assault was ordered, but the men
+would not move forward. About thirteen
+thousand of their comrades had been killed
+in less than half an hour, and they could no
+longer stand the awful fire.</p>
+<p>We are told by General Fitzhugh Lee that
+Lee&rsquo;s men were hungry and mad. One
+cracker to a man, with no meat, was a
+luxury. One poor fellow, who had his
+cracker shot out of his hand before he could
+eat it, said: &ldquo;The next time I&rsquo;ll put my
+cracker in a safe place down by the breast-works
+where it won&rsquo;t get wounded, poor
+thing!&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_76">76</div>
+<p>Lee again stood in Grant&rsquo;s way to Richmond.
+In the battles from the Wilderness
+to Cold Harbor, Grant had lost sixty thousand
+men, while Lee&rsquo;s loss was eighteen
+thousand.</p>
+<p>Just before the battle of Cold Harbor,
+Grant had looked for Sigel to move up the
+Valley and fall upon Lee&rsquo;s rear. But Sigel
+was met at New Market on May 15th by
+Breckenridge with five thousand troops,
+among which was a band of cadets from the
+Virginia Military Institute at Lexington.
+These boys fought like heroes, fifty of them
+being killed and wounded. Sigel was sent
+running back down the Valley, and Breckenridge
+then marched to the help of Lee.</p>
+<p>Grant then, on the night of June 12th,
+began to move his army south of the James
+river to march towards Petersburg, a city
+about twenty-one miles south of Richmond.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_77">77</div>
+<p>The famous General Beauregard (Bo&prime;re-gard)
+was at Petersburg with only about
+two thousand men, as he had sent the most
+of his troops to the north side of the James
+river to the help of Lee.</p>
+<p>Against these, on the 15th, General Grant
+sent eighteen thousand men.</p>
+<p>Beauregard held these men in check until
+Lee sent troops to aid him. Lee then came
+up with the main army, and Grant, having
+lost ten thousand men, now began to make
+trenches and build forts to protect his men,
+as he was going to lay siege to Petersburg,
+the key to Richmond.</p>
+<p>Lee had to defend both Richmond and
+Petersburg with lines thirty-five miles long,
+against Grant&rsquo;s army, which was twice as
+large as his own. In fact, Grant had all
+the men that he asked for; while Lee&rsquo;s
+ranks were thin and food was scarce. A fourth
+of a pound of meat and one pound of flour
+was all that each soldier had for one day.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_78">78</div>
+<p>In this stress, it is said that Lee thought
+it best to give up Richmond and march south
+to join the army there. I do not know the
+truth of that statement. At any rate, he
+did not go, but went to work to make his
+lines stronger and to get in food for his men.
+One of his great cares was to keep Grant
+from getting hold of the railroads which
+brought food from the South and other parts
+of the country.</p>
+<p>Just here, it will be well to give you some
+of the war prices at that time. Flour brought,
+in Confederate money, two hundred and fifty
+dollars per barrel; meal, fifty dollars; corn,
+forty; and oats, twenty-five dollars per bushel.
+Brown sugar cost ten dollars per pound;
+coffee, twelve dollars; tea, thirty-five dollars;
+and they were scarce and hard to get.
+Woolen goods were scarce; calico cost thirty
+dollars per yard, and lead pencils one dollar
+a-piece. Women wore dresses that were
+made of cloth spun, woven and dyed by
+their own hands. Large thorns were used
+for pins and hair-pins, and shoes were made
+with wooden soles. Hats were made by girls
+out of wheat straw, plaited into a braid and
+then sewed into shape.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_79">79</div>
+<p>Those were indeed hard times; but in spite
+of want and care, the spirits and courage of
+the Southern people did not flag. All food
+that could be spared was sent to Richmond,
+and every one hoped for the best.</p>
+<p>Time after time Grant&rsquo;s men made attacks
+upon Lee&rsquo;s works, but were always sent back
+faster than they came, by his watchful men.</p>
+<p>The shells from Grant&rsquo;s big guns fell into
+the city of Petersburg day after day, bursting
+into the churches and houses, and making
+the people flee for their lives.</p>
+<p>One day, as General Lee was sitting on a
+chair under a tree at his headquarters, the
+&ldquo;Clay House,&rdquo; the balls fell so thick about
+him that his aids begged him to seek a safer
+place. He at last mounted his horse and
+rode away. A moment after, a gay young
+soldier sat down in the chair and tilted it
+back, saying, &ldquo;I&rsquo;ll see if I can fill Lee&rsquo;s place
+for awhile.&rdquo; Just then a ball struck the
+front round of the chair and cut it in twain.
+If Lee had been there, with the chair upon
+the ground, he would have been badly hurt.
+All thanked God that he was safe.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_80">80</div>
+<p>On June 22d, the Confederates under
+General Mahone made a sally from their
+lines and gave the Federals a great surprise.
+As the Southern shot and shell burst upon
+them, they fled back into their lines and the
+Confederates brought off two thousand prisoners,
+four cannon and eight flags.</p>
+<p>On the same day, there was a fight at
+Reams&rsquo; Station, in which the Federals were
+put to flight and lost twelve guns and one
+thousand men.</p>
+<p>All this time, Grant was making earthworks
+and forts, and at last carried out a
+very cruel plan. From a spot out of sight,
+he had a mine dug until it reached under
+one of the Confederate forts. In that hole
+he had caused to be placed a blast of eight
+thousand pounds of powder. His plan was
+to blow a hole in Lee&rsquo;s lines and then rush
+in with a large band of men and take the
+city.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic19">
+<img src="images/p20.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="487" />
+<p class="caption">THE SOUTHERN STATES.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_81">81</div>
+<p>General Lee found out that they were digging
+the mine and where it was, and had a
+strong line made in the rear, while big guns
+were placed so as to fire across the breach
+when the mine was sprung.</p>
+<p>At that time there were only thirteen
+thousand men in the trenches at Petersburg,
+as General Lee had been forced to send some
+of his troops to the north of the James to
+check a move which Grant had made on
+purpose to draw off Lee&rsquo;s men from the mine.</p>
+<p>Just at dawn, July 30th, the blast was
+fired. A great roar was heard, and then
+two hundred and fifty-six men from South
+Carolina and twenty-two from Petersburg,
+with guns, large masses of earth, stones and
+logs, were thrown high into the air. A
+breach one hundred and thirty-five feet long,
+ninety feet wide, and thirty feet deep, had
+been made in the Confederate lines. Those
+near the spot were at first stunned, and
+those far away could not think what the
+noise meant.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_82">82</div>
+<p>Grant&rsquo;s guns fired at once all along the
+line, and a band of men marched out to rush
+in through the breach. When they had
+rushed across the space to the gap, they
+found a deep pit at their feet.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic20">
+<img src="images/p21.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="510" />
+<p class="caption">EXPLOSION OF THE CRATER.</p>
+</div>
+<p>The Confederates had now gained their
+wits, and at once opened fire. The storm of
+shot and shell forced the Federals down into
+the pit for shelter; but when there, they could
+not get out. Band after band of Federals were
+sent forward to charge the works, but they
+either fell into the Crater or ran back to their
+own lines.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_83">83</div>
+<p>Two hours had now passed, when black
+troops were sent to seize the guns which
+were doing such deadly work. They marched
+bravely up, but the Confederate fire was too
+hot for them and they ran for their lives&mdash;some
+into the Crater, and some back to their
+own lines. White troops were again sent
+forward, but they, too, were driven back.
+All this time the Crater was full of wounded,
+struggling and dying men, upon whom the
+hot sun beat and shot poured down.</p>
+<p>Soon General Lee rode up, and by his
+orders, General Mahone, with Weisiger&rsquo;s and
+Wright&rsquo;s brigades, came up and charged with
+a yell upon the Federals who had for the
+first time reached the breast-works. There
+was a fierce hand-to-hand fight, but the
+Federals were quickly forced back.</p>
+<p>All honor is due to the few men who had
+so bravely held the breach until help came.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_84">84</div>
+<p>Just at this time a white flag was seen to
+float above the side of the Crater, which told
+that some were alive down there and ready
+to give up.</p>
+<p>In this strange fight Grant lost about four
+<i>thousand</i> men and Lee about four <i>hundred</i>.</p>
+<p>The pluck and skill of Lee and a few men
+had foiled a well-laid plan and showed what
+these brave heroes could do after years of toil
+and battle.</p>
+<p>Lee now thought that if he would again
+send troops to threaten Washington, he
+might cause Grant to move some of his
+large army there, and thus give him (Lee) a
+chance to hurl back the hosts of Grant from
+Richmond. So he sent General Early down
+the Valley into Maryland with only ten thousand
+men.</p>
+<p>They went as fast as they could, and on
+July 9th met, at Monocacy Bridge, General
+Lew Wallace with seven thousand men.
+Having whipped him and taken from him
+two thousand men, Early marched on to
+Washington.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_85">85</div>
+<p>On the 10th, his troops marched thirty
+miles, and on the 11th were in front of
+Washington. But his force was too small
+and too much worn out to try to attack the
+city. He coolly camped in front of it all
+day, and at night after a fight with some
+Federal troops sent to catch him, went back
+into Virginia.</p>
+<p>This raid of Early&rsquo;s did not move Grant.
+He left Mr. Lincoln to take care of Washington
+and kept the most of his men massed in
+front of Lee&rsquo;s lines.</p>
+<p>It was about this time that the Federal
+General Sheridan passed up the Valley and
+burned two thousand barns filled with wheat
+and hay, and seventy mills filled with flour.
+He also drove off and killed four thousand
+head of stock. The boast was that &ldquo;if a
+crow wants to fly down the Valley he must
+carry his food along.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>This was a part of the plan to crush and
+starve Lee, for a great part of his flour and
+meat was sent from the Valley.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_86">86</div>
+<p>After many trials, on August 18th Grant
+at last got hold of the Weldon railroad, which
+brought supplies from the south. This was
+a great blow to Lee.</p>
+<p>In the fall of this year, when meat was
+scarce, General Wade Hampton sent a note
+to General Lee, telling him that there was a
+large drove of beeves in the rear of Grant&rsquo;s
+army and asked leave to take a force of
+horsemen and drive out the cattle. General
+Lee at last told him to go, but urged him to
+take great care not to be caught.</p>
+<p>The men were well on their way when day
+broke, and rode on until dark, when they
+came to a halt in a road overhung by the
+branches of trees. Here they slept, men
+and horses, till just at dawn they sprang to
+their saddles, and with the well-known yell
+dashed into the camp of the foe. The Federals
+made a good fight for their meat; but
+at last fell back, and the Confederates captured
+and drove out more than two thousand
+beeves. These they brought safe into camp
+after having two fights and riding one hundred
+miles.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_87">87</div>
+<p>This fresh meat was a great treat to Lee&rsquo;s
+men and the cause of much fun.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic21">
+<img src="images/p22.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="368" />
+<p class="caption">JOHNNY REB AND BILLY YANK.</p>
+</div>
+<p>Lee&rsquo;s lines were so close to Grant&rsquo;s at one
+point that the men would often call over to
+each other. The Federals
+called the Confederates
+Johnny Rebs, while the Confederate
+name for the
+Federals was Billy Yanks. On the day after
+the beef raid, one of Grant&rsquo;s men called out.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;I say, Johnny Reb, come over. I&rsquo;ve got
+a new blue suit for you.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Blue suit?&rdquo; growled out Johnny.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_88">88</div>
+<p>&ldquo;Yes,&rdquo; said the other, &ldquo;take off those
+greasy butternut clothes. I would, if I were
+you.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Never you mind the <i>grease</i>, Billy Yank,&rdquo;
+drawled out the Confederate, &ldquo;I got <i>that
+out&rsquo;n them beeves o&rsquo; yourn</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Pop! went the Federal&rsquo;s gun, and the Confederate
+was not slow to pop back at him.</p>
+<p>General Lee&rsquo;s life was now full of care;
+as soon as one attack on his lines was over,
+another was begun. He lived in a tent and
+would go down to the trenches himself to see
+how his men were getting on.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_89">89</div>
+<p>An old soldier relates that one day he
+came into the trenches when the firing was
+quite rapid. The men did not dare to cheer,
+lest they might bring a hotter fire from the
+foe, but they crowded around him and begged
+him to go back. But he calmly asked after
+their health and spoke words of cheer. Then
+he walked to a big gun and asked the lieutenant
+to fire, so that he might see its range
+and work. The officer said, with tears in his
+eyes, &ldquo;General, don&rsquo;t order me to fire this
+gun while you are here. They will open fire
+over there with all those big guns and you
+will surely get hurt. Go back out of range
+and I&rsquo;ll fire all day.&rdquo; General Lee was
+greatly touched by this, and went back,
+while the men quickly fired off the huge gun.</p>
+<p>Lee needed not only men, but food for
+those he had. Many men died from cold
+and want.</p>
+<p>The winter of 1864 and &rsquo;65 was a sad one
+for Lee and the South. There were no more
+men in the South to take the place of those
+who had been killed.</p>
+<p>The corn and wheat of the South had been
+burnt and the cattle killed by the Northern
+armies. The people sat down to empty
+tables and had no more food to send their
+men.</p>
+<p>Mrs. Lee, in her sick chair in Richmond,
+&ldquo;with large heart and small means&rdquo; knit
+socks, which she would send at once to the
+bare-footed men.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_90">90</div>
+<p>On January 10, 1865, General Lee writes
+to Mrs. Lee:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Yesterday three little girls walked into
+my room, each with a small basket. The
+eldest had some fresh eggs, the second some
+pickles, and the third some pop-corn, which
+had grown in her garden. * * They had
+with them a young maid with a block of soap
+made by her mother. They were the daughters
+of a Mrs. Nottingham, a refugee from
+Northampton county. * * I had not
+had so nice a visit for a long time. I was
+able to fill their baskets with apples, and
+begged them to bring me hereafter nothing
+but kisses, and to keep the eggs, corn, etc.,
+for themselves.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Lee&rsquo;s men were ragged and starving, but
+they fought on till April 1st, 1865, when,
+at Five Forks, the left wing of Grant&rsquo;s large
+army swept around the right and rear of
+Lee, and made him give up Richmond and
+Petersburg.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_91">91</div>
+<p>When the Southern troops were leaving
+Richmond, by law of Congress the tobacco
+houses were set on fire to keep them from
+falling into the hands of the foe. The fire
+spread, and Mrs. Lee&rsquo;s house was in danger
+of being burnt. Friends came in and
+wished to move her to a place of safety, but
+she was loath to go. The fire had no terror for
+her as she thought of her husband with his
+band of ragged, starving men marching with
+their &ldquo;faces turned from Richmond.&rdquo; White
+clouds of dense smoke, with the light of fire
+in their folds, hung above the city as the
+Federal army, with waving flags and clashing
+music, marched in and stacked arms in
+the Capitol Square.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_92">92</div>
+<p>In the meantime, Lee marched on towards
+Amelia Court-House, where he had ordered
+meat and bread to be sent for his men. But
+when he got there he found that it had been
+sent elsewhere, and now real want set in.
+His men had nothing to eat but corn, which
+they would parch at night and eat as they
+marched along. General Lee&rsquo;s plan had
+been to march south and join General Johnston,
+but some time had been lost in looking
+for food, and General Grant&rsquo;s hosts were near
+at hand.</p>
+<p>So Lee fell back towards Lynchburg, but
+on April 9th, 1865, being entirely surrounded
+by Grant&rsquo;s vast army, he and his few ragged
+men surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox
+Court-House. Lee had only <i>eight
+thousand</i> men, while Grant&rsquo;s army numbered
+about <i>two hundred thousand</i>.</p>
+<p>In all these battles, of which I have told
+you, General Lee had never been really defeated;
+but he gave up at last because he
+had no more men and no more food. The
+Northern generals had all the men and food
+they asked for, as they had the world to
+draw from; but the South, being blockaded,
+or shut in by Northern ships of war, could
+not get what she needed from other lands.</p>
+<p>Lee did all that courage and genius could
+do against such odds, and was, without doubt,
+the greatest commander of his time.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_93">93</div>
+<p>Colonel Venable, an officer on General
+Lee&rsquo;s staff, tells this story of the surrender:
+&ldquo;When I told General Lee that the troops
+in front were not able to fight their way out,
+he said &lsquo;Then, there is nothing left me but
+to go and see General Grant, and I would
+rather <i>die a thousand deaths</i>.&rsquo;&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Another officer says that when Lee was
+thinking of the surrender he exclaimed,
+&ldquo;How easily I could get rid of all this and
+be at rest! I have only to ride along the
+lines and all will be over. But,&rdquo; he added
+quickly, &ldquo;<i>it is our duty to live</i>, for what will
+become of the <i>women</i> and <i>children</i> of the
+South if we are not here to support and protect
+them?&rdquo;</p>
+<p>So, with a heart bursting with grief, he
+once more did his <i>duty</i>. He went at once
+to General Grant and surrendered himself
+and his few remaining men.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_94">94</div>
+<p>By the terms of the surrender, Lee&rsquo;s men
+gave up their fire-arms, but all who had
+horses took them home, &ldquo;to work their little
+farms.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>General Grant, it must be said, was most
+kind to General Lee and his men. He did
+not ask for General Lee&rsquo;s sword, nor did Lee
+offer it to him; neither did he require Lee&rsquo;s
+men to march up to stack their guns between
+ranks of Federals with flags flying and bands
+playing. Lee&rsquo;s men simply went to places
+which were pointed out and stacked their
+guns. Their officers then signed a parole
+not to fight again against the <i>United States</i>.
+They were then free to go back to their
+homes, which, in some cases, were burnt&mdash;blight
+and want being on every side.</p>
+<p>After all, Grant did not go to Lee&rsquo;s camp
+or to Richmond to exult over the men who
+had so often met him in battle; but he
+mounted his horse, and, with his staff, rode
+to Washington. Before going, he sent to
+Lee twenty-five thousand rations; for, as I
+have told you, Lee&rsquo;s men had nothing to eat
+but parched corn.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_95">95</div>
+<p>After the surrender, Lee rode out among
+his men, who pressed up to him, eager to
+&ldquo;touch his person, or even his horse,&rdquo; and
+tears fell down the powder-stained cheeks of
+the strong men. Slowly he said:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Men, we have fought the war together;
+I have done my best for you; my heart is
+too full to say more.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic22">
+<img src="images/p23.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="556" />
+<p class="caption">LEE LEAVING APPOMATTOX C. H.</p>
+</div>
+<p>&ldquo;And then in silence, with lifted hat, he
+rode through the weeping army towards his
+home in Richmond.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_96">96</div>
+<p>As General Lee rode on towards Richmond
+he was calm, and his thoughts dwelt
+much more on the state of the poor people
+at whose houses he stopped than upon his
+own bad fortune. When he found that all
+along the road the people were glad to see
+him and gave him gladly of what they had to
+eat, he said, &ldquo;These good people are kind&mdash;too
+kind. They do too much&mdash;more than
+they are able to do&mdash;for us.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>At a house which he reached just at night,
+a poor woman gave him a nice bed; but,
+with a kind shake of the head, he spread
+his blanket and slept upon the floor.</p>
+<p>The next day he stopped at the house of
+his brother, Charles Carter Lee; but, when
+night came, left the house and slept in his
+old black wagon. He could not give up at
+once the habits of a soldier.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_97">97</div>
+<p>When, at last, the city of Richmond was
+in sight, he rode ahead with a few of his
+officers. A sad sight met his view. In the
+great fire of the 3d of April, a large part of
+the city had been burned, and, as he rode
+up Main street, he saw only masses of black
+ruins.</p>
+<p>As he rode slowly, some of the people saw
+him, and at once the news flashed through
+the streets that General Lee had come.</p>
+<p>The people ran to greet him, and showed
+by cheers and the waving of hats and handkerchiefs
+how much they loved him.</p>
+<p>General Lee now went home and there
+again took up his duty. He had fought for
+the South, which had failed to gain the victory.
+He thought that it was now the duty
+of every good man to avoid hate and malice
+and do all that he could to build up the
+waste places of his dear land. He had been
+a soldier for forty years, and, for the first
+time since manhood, was in private life.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_98">98</div>
+<p>He now enjoyed the company of his wife
+and children, and as long as he kept his
+parole and the laws in force where he lived,
+was thought to be safe. There were, however,
+steps taken to try him for treason; but
+General Grant went to the President and
+told him that his honor was pledged for the
+safety of General Lee, and that he wished
+him to be let alone. So, General Grant&rsquo;s
+request was granted and no trial took place.</p>
+<p>After some months the Lee family left
+Richmond and went to live at the house of
+a friend in Powhatan county.</p>
+<p>The spring and summer of 1865 was spent
+by our hero in taking the rest which he so
+much needed.</p>
+<hr />
+<dl class="undent"><dd>R&#277;f&prime;ugee&prime;, one who leaves home for safety.</dd>
+<dd>Si&#275;ge, the act of besetting a fortified place.</dd>
+<dd>H&ucirc;rled, thrown.</dd>
+<dd>G&#275;nius, a great mind.</dd>
+<dd>Surr&#277;n&prime;der, the act of yielding to another.</dd></dl>
+<dl class="undent"><dt>What do you remember about&mdash;</dt>
+<dd>Chancellorsville?</dd>
+<dd>The death of General Jackson?</dd>
+<dd>Gettysburg?</dd>
+<dd>The Wilderness?</dd>
+<dd>&ldquo;Lee to the rear?&rdquo;</dd>
+<dd>Cold Harbor?</dd>
+<dd>The siege of Richmond and Petersburg?</dd>
+<dd>The surrender?</dd>
+<dd>General Grant&rsquo;s kindness?</dd></dl>
+<div class="img" id="pic23">
+<img src="images/p24.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="487" />
+<p class="caption">VIRGINIA BATTLE-FIELDS.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_99">99</div>
+<h2 id="c6"><span class="h2line1">CHAPTER VI.</span>
+<br /><span class="h2line2">A College President.</span></h2>
+<p>In October, 1865, General Lee became
+President of Washington College, in Lexington,
+Virginia. Many other places of trust
+were offered him, but he chose to lead the
+young men of the South in the paths of
+peace and learning, as he had so nobly done
+in times of war.</p>
+<p>General Lee rode on his war-horse, Traveler,
+from Powhatan county to Lexington in four
+days. As he drew rein in front of the village
+inn, an old soldier knew him, gave the military
+salute, and, placing one hand upon the
+bridle and the other upon the stirrup, stood
+and waited for him to dismount.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_100">100</div>
+<p>On October 2d, 1865, General Lee took
+the oath of office, before William White, Esq.,
+justice of the peace. The General stood,
+dressed in a plain suit of gray, his arms
+folded, and his eyes calmly fixed upon Judge
+Brockenbrough, as he read the oath of office.</p>
+<p>The great chief was now changed into a
+college president. &ldquo;I have,&rdquo; said he, &ldquo;a
+task which I cannot forsake.&rdquo; That task
+was not easy, for the college had lost much
+during the war and now had to be built up
+in every way.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic24">
+<img src="images/p25.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="361" />
+<p class="caption">WASHINGTON &amp; LEE UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGE CHAPEL.</p>
+</div>
+<p>He went to work with great skill and
+energy, and soon all felt that a great man
+was leading them.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_101">101</div>
+<p>Some one has aptly said, &ldquo;Suns seem
+larger when they set;&rdquo; so it was with Lee.
+At this time of his life he appears nobler
+and grander than ever before. In his quiet
+study, away from the noise of the world, he
+gave his time and talents to the young men
+of his dear South. His earnest wish was to
+make Washington College a great seat of
+learning, and for this he worked and made
+wise plans.</p>
+<p>In March, 1866, he went to Washington
+city to appear as a witness before the committee
+which was inquiring into the state of
+things in the South. This was his first visit
+to any of the cities since the war, and it
+caused much comment.</p>
+<p>General Fitz. Lee tells us that the day
+after his return, he proposed a walk with
+one of his daughters, who said, in fun, that
+she did not admire the new hat which he
+was about to put on. &ldquo;You do not like my
+hat?&rdquo; said he; &ldquo;why, there were a thousand
+people in Washington the other day
+admiring this hat.&rdquo; This was the only time
+that he spoke of the crowds of people who
+sought him while in that city.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_102">102</div>
+<p>When his nephew, General Fitz. Lee,
+wrote to know what he thought of having
+the Southern dead moved from the field of
+Gettysburg, he said, &ldquo;I am not in favor of
+moving the ashes of the dead unless for a
+worthy object, and I know of no fitter resting-place
+for a soldier than the field on which
+he so nobly laid down his life.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>It is sometimes asked if General Lee was
+content in the quiet of his home at Lexington.
+This is what he wrote to a friend:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;For my own part, I much enjoy the
+charms of civil life, and find, too late, that I
+have wasted the best years of my life.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>In his life as College President, duty was,
+as ever, his watchword. He knew each student
+by name, and just how well he studied.</p>
+<p>Once, when asked how a certain young
+man was getting along, he said: &ldquo;He is a
+very quiet and orderly young man, but <i>he
+seems very careful not to injure the health of
+his father&rsquo;s son</i>. Now, I do not want our
+young men to injure their health, but I
+want them to come as near it as possible.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_103">103</div>
+<p>One of his friends relates that, even amidst
+this busy life at college, he found time to be
+the most polite gentleman in town. &ldquo;How
+often have I seen him,&rdquo; says this friend,
+&ldquo;in the stores and shops of Lexington, talking
+pleasantly with each new comer; or,
+walking a mile through mud and snow to
+call on some humble family, who will hand
+it down as an event in their lives that they
+had a visit from General Lee!&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Seeing, during the first year, that the college
+chapel was not large enough, he at once
+began to plan for a new one. He chose the
+site for it in front of the other houses, so
+that it might be in full view. He then had
+the plan drawn under his own eye, and did
+not rest until it was finished and opened for
+the service of God.</p>
+<p>In this chapel his body now rests, as I
+shall tell you hereafter.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_104">104</div>
+<p>Early in 1870, in the midst of these
+labors, his health began to fail. There was
+a flush upon his cheek, and an air of weariness
+about him which alarmed his friends.
+Rheumatism of the heart and other parts of
+the body had set in, and in March, 1870, he
+went south &ldquo;to look upon other scenes and
+enjoy the breezes in the &lsquo;land of sun and
+flowers.&rsquo;&rdquo; His daughter Agnes went with
+him.</p>
+<p>On this trip he once more went to see his
+father&rsquo;s grave, on an island off the coast
+of Georgia, where, you remember, General
+Henry Lee was taken when so ill on board
+ship, and where he died. They placed fresh
+flowers upon the grave, which they found in
+good order, though the house had been burnt
+and the island laid waste.</p>
+<p>His health seemed better when again at
+home; but soon his step was slower, and the
+flush upon his cheek began to deepen. &ldquo;A
+noble life was drawing to a close.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>On the morning of October 12, 1870, the
+news flashed over the wires that General
+Lee was dead. He had taken cold at a vestry
+meeting. The church was cold and
+damp, and a storm was raging outside. He
+grew chilly, and when he reached home was
+unable to speak.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_105">105</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic25">
+<img src="images/p26.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="674" />
+<p class="caption">GRAVE OF LEE&rsquo;S FATHER.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_106">106</div>
+<p>Mrs. Lee wrote thus of his last hours:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;My husband came in while we were at
+tea, and I asked where he had been, as we
+had waited some time for him. He did not
+reply, but stood up as if to say grace. No
+words came from his lips, but with a sad
+smile he sat down in his chair.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>He could not speak! A bed was at once
+brought to the dining-room, and the doctors
+sent for. At first he grew better, but soon
+a change came for the worse.</p>
+<p>He rarely spoke except when sleeping, and
+then his thoughts were with his much-loved
+soldiers on the &ldquo;dreadful battlefields.&rdquo;
+Among his last words were, &ldquo;Tell
+Hill he must come up.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_107">107</div>
+<p>Once when General Custis Lee said something
+about his getting well, he shook his
+head and pointed upward. When his doctor
+said, to cheer him, &ldquo;How do you feel
+to-day, General?&rdquo; General Lee said slowly,
+&ldquo;I feel better.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The doctor then said:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;You must make haste and get well.
+Traveler has been standing so long in the
+stable that he needs exercise.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The General made no reply, but shook his
+head and closed his eyes. Once or twice he
+put aside his medicine, saying, &ldquo;It is no
+use.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>On October 10th, about midnight, he was
+seized with a chill and his pulse became
+feeble and rapid. The next day he was seen
+to be sinking. He knew those around him,
+but was not able to speak. Soon after nine
+o&rsquo;clock on the morning of the 12th, he closed
+his eyes on earthly things and his pure soul
+took its flight to God.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_108">108</div>
+<p>It was thought that the strain and hardships
+of war, with sorrow for the &ldquo;Lost
+Cause&rdquo; and the griefs of his friends, had
+caused his death. Yet, to those who saw
+his calmness in all the trials of life, it did
+not seem true that his great soul had been
+worn away by them.</p>
+<p>The college chapel was chosen by Mrs.
+Lee as a burial place for her husband, and
+one-and-a-half o&rsquo;clock P. M. on the 13th of
+October was the time fixed on for moving
+the remains to the chapel, where they were
+to lie in state until Saturday, the 15th of
+October, the day for the burial.</p>
+<p>At the hour named, a long procession,
+with Professor J. J. White as chief marshal,
+was formed. Old soldiers formed an escort
+of honor. Just after the escort came the
+hearse, preceded by the clergy and twelve
+pall-bearers. In rear of the hearse, Traveler,
+the iron-gray war-horse of General Lee, was
+led by two old soldiers. Then followed a
+long line of students, cadets and people.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_109">109</div>
+<p>The body was borne to the college chapel
+and laid in state upon the dais, the people
+passing slowly by, that each one might look
+upon the face of the dead. The body was
+clad in a simple suit of black and lay in
+a coffin, strewed by loving hands with rare,
+pale flowers. The chapel was then placed
+in charge of the guard of honor. This guard
+of students kept watch by the coffin day and
+night.</p>
+<p>On the 14th, a funeral service was held
+in the chapel; and on the 15th of October,
+as I have said, the body was home to the
+tomb. The flag of Virginia hung at half-mast
+above the college and a deep gloom
+rested upon all.</p>
+<p>As the procession moved off, the bells of
+the town began to toll, and the Virginia
+Military Institute battery fired minute-guns.
+All was simple and without display. Not a
+flag was to be seen along the line. The
+Rev. J. William Jones tells us as follows:</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_110">110</div>
+<p>&ldquo;The old soldiers wore their citizen&rsquo;s
+dress, with black ribbon in the lapel of their
+coats; and Traveler, with trappings of mourning
+on his saddle, was again led by two old
+soldiers. The Virginia Military Institute was
+very beautifully draped, and from its turrets
+hung at half-mast, and draped in mourning,
+the flags of all the States of the late Southern
+Confederacy.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;When the procession reached the Institute,
+it passed the corps of cadets drawn up
+in line, and a guard of honor presented arms
+as the hearse went by. When it reached
+the chapel, where a large throng had gathered,
+the students and cadets, about six hundred
+and fifty strong, marched into the left door
+and aisle past the remains and out by the
+right aisle and door to their proper place.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;The rest of the line then filed in, the
+family, with Drs. Barton and Madison, and
+Colonels W. H. Taylor and C. S. Venable,
+members of General Lee&rsquo;s staff during the
+war, were seated just in front of the pulpit,
+and the clergy and the Faculties of the College
+and Institute had places on the platform.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;The coffin was again covered with flowers
+and evergreens.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_111">111</div>
+<p>&ldquo;Then the Rev. Dr. Pendleton, the dear
+friend of General Lee, his Chief of Artillery
+during the war, and his rector the past five
+years, read the beautiful burial service of
+the Episcopal Church. There was no sermon,
+and nothing said besides the simple
+service, as General Lee had wished.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;When the body had been placed in the
+vault, the chaplain read the concluding service
+from the bank on the southern side of
+the chapel, and then the grand old hymn,</p>
+<div class="verse">
+<p class="t0">&lsquo;How firm a foundation, ye saints of the Lord,&rsquo;</p>
+</div>
+<p>was sung by the people.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;The vault is of brick and just reaches
+the floor of the library. Upon the white
+marble are these words:</p>
+<p class="center">&ldquo;&lsquo;<span class="sc">Robert Edward Lee</span>,
+<br />Born January 19, 1807;
+<br />Died October 12, 1870.&rsquo;&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The white marble top has now been replaced
+by the beautiful recumbent statue
+by Valentine, a Virginia sculptor.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_112">112</div>
+<p>All the South mourned for Lee. Bells
+were tolled in cities and villages, and meetings
+were held to express the grief of the
+people.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic26">
+<img src="images/p27.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="592" />
+<p class="caption">RECUMBENT STATUE OF LEE.</p>
+</div>
+<p>This is what a little girl wrote to Mrs.
+Lee:</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_113">113</div>
+<p>&ldquo;I have heard of General Lee, your husband,
+and of all his great and noble deeds
+during the war. I have also heard lately of
+his death. I have read in the papers that
+collections are being made for the Lee monument.
+I have asked my mother to let me
+send some money that I earned myself. I
+made some of the money by keeping the door
+shut last winter, and the rest I made by
+digging up grass in the garden. I send you
+all I have. I wish it was more. I am nine
+now.</p>
+<p><span class="center">&ldquo;Respectfully,</span>
+<span class="jr">&ldquo;<span class="sc">Maggie McIntyre</span>.&rdquo;</span></p>
+<p>Many noble men and women also wrote to
+Mrs. Lee, and money was given, until now
+there are two beautiful statues of General
+Lee&mdash;one in Lexington, where he is buried,
+and the other in Richmond, the city he
+fought so hard to save.</p>
+<p>Virginia mourned for her noble son. The
+State Legislature passed a bill making January
+19th, the birthday of Robert E. Lee, a
+legal holiday.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_114">114</div>
+<p>On that day, all over the South, meetings
+are held in memory of him, speeches
+are made by great men, and children recite
+poems which honor his name and deeds.</p>
+<p>Perhaps no man has ever lived, so great,
+so good, so unselfish as Lee. Duty was the
+key-note of his life. In the midst of his
+greatness he was humble, simple and gentle.
+He loved little children wherever he met
+them.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;One day, during the war, a number of
+little girls were rolling hoops on the sidewalks
+in Richmond, when General Lee came
+riding towards them. They stopped playing
+to gaze at so great a man. To their surprise,
+he threw his rein to his courier, dismounted,
+and kissed every one of them.
+Then mounting, he rode away, with a sunny
+smile of childhood in his heart and plans of
+great battles in his mind.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_115">115</div>
+<p>&ldquo;While in Petersburg, in the winter of
+1864, he went to preaching one day at a
+crowded church, and saw a little girl, dressed
+in faded garments, standing just inside the
+door and looking for a seat. &lsquo;Come with
+me, my little lady,&rsquo; said the great soldier,
+&lsquo;and you shall sit by me.&rsquo; Thus the great
+chief and poor child sat side by side.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Once when riding in the mountains with
+one of his daughters, they came upon a
+group of children who ran at the sight of
+him. General Lee called them back and
+asked:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Why are you running away? Are you
+afraid of me?&rdquo;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Oh! no, sir; but we are not dressed nice
+enough to see you.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Why, who do you think I am?&rdquo;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;You are General Lee. We know you by
+your picture.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>So great was the love of the people for
+Lee that, after the war, almost every home
+had some picture of the great chief.</p>
+<p>General Lee knew all the children in Lexington
+whom he met in his walks and rides,
+and it was charming to see their joy when
+he would meet them.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_116">116</div>
+<p>Once, when calling upon the widow of
+General A. P. Hill, her little girl met him
+at the door and held out her puppy which
+she had named after our hero. &ldquo;O, General
+Lee,&rdquo; she cried, &ldquo;here is &lsquo;Bobby Lee&rsquo;; do
+kiss him.&rdquo; The great man made believe to
+kiss him and the child was delighted.</p>
+<p>In one of the Sunday-schools of Lexington
+a prize was offered to the child who should
+bring in the most pupils.</p>
+<p>A little boy of five went for his friend,
+General Lee, to get him to go to his school.
+When told that General Lee went to another
+school, he said with a deep sigh, &ldquo;I am very
+sorry. I wish he could go to our school, and
+be my new scholar.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>General Lee thought it quite funny, and
+said kindly;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_117">117</div>
+<p>&ldquo;Ah! C&mdash;&mdash;, we must all try to be <i>good
+Christians</i>&mdash;that is the great thing. I can&rsquo;t
+go to your school to be your new scholar
+to-day. But I am very glad you asked me.
+It shows that you are zealous in a good
+cause, and I hope that you will ever be so
+as you grow up. And I do not want you to
+think that I am too old to go to Sunday-school.
+No one is ever too old to study the
+truths of the Bible.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>When he died, all the schools of Lexington
+were closed, and the children wept with
+the grown people when they heard that their
+kind friend was dead.</p>
+<p>A gentleman tells this story, which is
+quite in keeping with General Lee&rsquo;s way of
+pleasing children:&mdash;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;When my little girl, about four years
+old, heard of General Lee&rsquo;s death, she said
+to me, &lsquo;Father, I can never forget General
+Lee.&rsquo; I asked, &lsquo;Why?&rsquo; &lsquo;Because, when
+Maggie and I were playing at the gate the
+other day, and General Lee was riding by,
+he stopped and took off his hat and bowed
+to us and said, &lsquo;Young ladies, don&rsquo;t you
+think this is the prettiest horse you ever
+saw?&rsquo; And we said it was a very pretty
+horse. &lsquo;Oh, no,&rsquo; he said; &lsquo;I want to know
+whether Traveler is not the very prettiest
+horse you ever saw in your life.&rsquo; And when
+we looked at him, and saw how white and
+gay he was, we said, &lsquo;Yes.&rsquo; Then he
+laughed and said, &lsquo;Well, if you think he is
+so pretty, I will just let you kiss him&rsquo;; and
+then he rode off smiling, and I don&rsquo;t believe
+I can ever forget that.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_118">118</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic27">
+<img src="images/p28.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="589" />
+<p class="caption">GENERAL LEE ON TRAVELER.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_119">119</div>
+<p>Another gentleman, who was clerk of the
+faculty at Washington College, says that
+General Lee was very careful about little
+things. One day the clerk wrote a letter to
+some one at General Lee&rsquo;s request, in which
+he used the term &ldquo;our students.&rdquo; When
+General Lee looked at it, he said that he
+did not like the phrase &ldquo;our students.&rdquo; He
+said that we had no property rights in the
+young men, and he thought it best to say,
+&ldquo;<i>the</i> students,&rdquo; not &ldquo;<i>our</i> students.&rdquo; The
+clerk struck out with his pen the word
+&ldquo;our&rdquo; and wrote &ldquo;the.&rdquo; He then brought
+the letter to General Lee. &ldquo;This will not
+answer,&rdquo; said he. &ldquo;I want you to write the
+letter over.&rdquo; So the clerk had to make a
+fresh copy.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_120">120</div>
+<p>One day General Lee directed him to go
+to the Mess Hall and measure for a stove-pipe.
+&ldquo;Set the stove in its place on its
+legs,&rdquo; he said, &ldquo;and measure the height to
+a point opposite the flue-hole, and then the
+space from the joint to the wall.&rdquo; The man
+returned with the measure. &ldquo;Did you set
+the stove on its legs?&rdquo; asked the General.
+The clerk replied no; that the legs were
+packed up inside the stove, and that he
+simply allowed for the legs. &ldquo;But I told
+you to put the stove on its legs and then
+measure. Go back and do as you were
+told,&rdquo; said the General, who was always
+kind but meant to be obeyed.</p>
+<p>The same gentleman remembers this amusing
+incident:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_121">121</div>
+<p>One day they saw a gentleman coming up
+the lawn, and wondered who he was. General
+Lee shook hands with him as though he
+knew him, and chatted for some time. He
+tried in vain to remember his name. In the
+meantime Rev. J. William Jones, whose
+month it was to lead the services in the
+chapel, came up and whispered to General Lee
+to introduce the strange clergyman to him, so
+that he might ask him to conduct the services
+in his place. But General Lee, with
+his own ready tact, said: &ldquo;Mr. Jones, it is
+time for service; you had better go in the
+chapel.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>After service, when he could do so without
+being heard, General Lee asked Mr. Jones to
+find out the stranger&rsquo;s name. He had met
+him in the Mexican war but could not recall
+his name. Mr. Jones did so, and General
+Lee, standing near, heard it, and then, without
+making it known that he had forgotten
+his friend of the Mexican war, introduced
+him to those who were near. He could not
+think of hurting the clergyman&rsquo;s feelings by
+letting him know that he had been forgotten.</p>
+<p>General Lee was always careful not to
+injure what belonged to others.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_122">122</div>
+<p>&ldquo;A Southern Girl&rdquo; tells this story of him:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;When in Maryland, he gave strict orders
+that no harm should be done to property,
+and was once seen to get down from his
+horse and put up a fence-rail that his men
+had thrown down.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>This story of General Lee went the rounds
+of the Southern newspapers in 1864:&mdash;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;On the train to Petersburg, one very cold
+morning, a young soldier, with his arm in a
+sling, was making great efforts to put on
+his overcoat. In the midst of his trouble,
+an officer rose from his seat, went to him
+and kindly helped him, drawing the coat
+gently over the wounded arm, and then with
+a few kind words went back to his seat.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Now, the officer was not clad in a fine
+uniform with a gilt wreath on his collar and
+many straps on his sleeves, but he had on
+a plain suit of gray, with only the three
+gilt stars which every Confederate colonel
+could wear. And yet, he was no other than
+our chief general, Robert E. Lee, who is not
+braver than he is good and modest.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_123">123</div>
+<p>In the winter of 1864, some of the cavalry
+were moved to Charlottesville, in order to
+get food for their horses, and not having
+much to do, the officers began to attend
+dances. General Lee, hearing of this, wrote
+to his son Robert thus:&mdash;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;I am afraid that Fitz was anxious to get
+back to the ball. This is a bad time for
+such things. * * There are too many
+Lees on the committee. I like them all to be
+at battles, but I can excuse them at balls.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>It is said that during the seven days&rsquo;
+battle, of which I have told you, he was
+sitting under a tree, the shades of evening
+hiding even the stars on his coat collar,
+when a doctor rode up and said:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Old man, I have chosen that tree for my
+field hospital and I want you to get out of
+the way.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_124">124</div>
+<p>&ldquo;I will gladly give way when the wounded
+come up, but in the meantime there is plenty
+of room for both of us,&rdquo; was the reply.</p>
+<p>The angry man was about to make some
+retort when a staff officer rode up and spoke
+to his &ldquo;old man&rdquo; as General Lee.</p>
+<p>The doctor then began to make excuse for
+his rudeness, but General Lee said quietly:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;It is no matter, Doctor; there is plenty
+of room till your wounded come up.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>This story is often told of him: In 1864,
+when General Lee was on the lines below
+Richmond, many soldiers came near him
+and thus brought to them the fire of the foe.
+He said to the soldiers: &ldquo;Men, you had better
+go into the back-yard; they are firing up
+here and you might get hurt.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The men obeyed, but saw their dear General
+walk across the yard and pick up some
+object and place it in a tree over his head.
+They found out that the object he had risked
+his life for was only a little bird which had
+fallen out of its nest. God had given the
+stern chief a heart so tender that he could
+pause amid a rain of shot and shell to care
+for a tiny fallen birdling.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_125">125</div>
+<p>General Lee dearly loved his horses. Once,
+when at the springs, he wrote to his clerk in
+Lexington and sent this message to his horse,
+Traveler: &ldquo;Tell him I miss him dreadfully.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Traveler lived only two years after the
+death of his master. In the summer of
+1872, when he was fifteen years old, the
+fine, faithful animal, that had carried the
+General through the storms of war and the
+calm of his latter years, died of lock-jaw in
+Lexington. He was noted for his springy
+walk, high spirit, and great strength. When
+a colt, he was called Jeff. Davis. The General
+changed his name to Traveler. He was
+his most famous war-horse.</p>
+<p>In the summer of 1862, General Lee
+owned a beautiful war-horse called Richmond,
+given to him by some friends in the
+city of Richmond. But, to the grief of his
+master, this pet was short-lived; and what he
+writes after his loss, sounds almost as if he
+were looking back to the death of a friend:</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_126">126</div>
+<p>&ldquo;His labors are over, and he is at rest.
+He carried me very faithfully, and I shall
+never have so beautiful an animal again.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>General Lee was noted for his want of
+hatred towards any one. He called the
+Northern soldiers &ldquo;those people.&rdquo; Once, in
+the midst of a fierce battle, he said to his
+son Robert, who was bravely working at a
+big gun, &ldquo;That&rsquo;s right, my son; drive those
+people back.&rdquo; When told of Jackson&rsquo;s fatal
+wound, his eye flashed fire and his face
+flushed as he thought of his great loss; but
+he quietly said:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;General Jackson&rsquo;s plans shall be carried
+out. Those people <i>shall be</i> driven back
+<i>to-day</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_127">127</div>
+<p>The Rev. J. William Jones says&mdash;that one
+day after the war, as he went up the street,
+he saw General Lee standing talking to a
+poor man. As the man walked away he
+said to him: &ldquo;That is one of the old soldiers,
+and added, &lsquo;he fought on the other
+side; but we must not think of that.&rsquo;&rdquo;</p>
+<p>After the war, when at the springs, a lady
+friend pointed to a man near by and said to
+General Lee, &ldquo;That is General &mdash;&mdash;, of the
+Federal Army. He is having quite a dull
+time. He is here with his daughters, but
+we do not care to have anything to do with
+them.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;I am glad that you told me,&rdquo; said General
+Lee; &ldquo;I will see at once that they have
+a better time.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>After that he took pains to make friends
+with &ldquo;those people,&rdquo; and so set the fashion
+for others. General &mdash;&mdash; and his daughters
+were soon having &ldquo;a better time.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>General Lee was more than brave and
+tender; he was meek, yet with a heart big
+enough to love every one of his soldiers, and
+great enough to plan long marches and
+glorious battles.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_128">128</div>
+<p>After the battle of Gettysburg, one of his
+officers rode up and told him that his men
+were for the most part killed or wounded.
+Lee shook hands with him and said: &ldquo;All
+this has been my fault. It is <i>I</i> who have
+lost this fight, and you must help me out as
+best you can.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Not once did Lee
+cast the blame
+where it belonged,
+but rode among
+his men with such
+words of cheer as
+these: &ldquo;All this
+will come right in
+the end.&rdquo; &ldquo;We
+want all good and
+true men just
+now.&rdquo; &ldquo;All good men must rally.&rdquo; In this
+way he closed up his broken lines, and
+showed such a brave front that Meade did
+not deem it well to renew the fight.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic28">
+<img src="images/p29.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="559" />
+<p class="caption">PICKETT&rsquo;S RETURN AFTER THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_129">129</div>
+<p>Once, when some friends were at his house
+in Richmond, the Rev. Dr. &mdash;&mdash; spoke in
+sharp terms of the way in which the North
+had acted. General Lee said, &ldquo;Well! it matters
+little what they may do to me; I am old,
+and have but a short time to live at best.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>When Dr. &mdash;&mdash; got up to go home, General
+Lee went with him to the door and said
+to him, &ldquo;Doctor, there is a good book which
+I read, and which you preach from, which
+says, &lsquo;Love your enemies, bless them that
+curse you, do good to them that hate you.&rsquo;
+Do you think your speech just now quite in
+that spirit?&rdquo;</p>
+<p>When Dr. &mdash;&mdash; made some excuse, General
+Lee said: &ldquo;I fought the people of the
+North because I believed that they were
+seeking to wrest from the South her rights.
+* * * I have never seen the day when I
+did not pray for them.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_130">130</div>
+<p>One day during the war, as they were
+looking at the hosts of the foe, one of his
+generals said, &ldquo;I wish those people were all
+dead!&rdquo; General Lee, with that grace which
+was his own, said, &ldquo;How can you say so?
+Now, I wish that they would all go home
+and leave us to do the same.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>At the close of the war, some of our best
+men went to seek homes in other lands.
+This, General Lee deemed wrong. He thought
+that the men of the South should stay at
+home and build up what had been laid
+waste by war. He wrote to one of his
+friends thus: &ldquo;She (Virginia) has need for
+all of her sons, and can ill afford to spare
+you.&rdquo; Once more he wrote: &ldquo;I think the
+South needs the aid of her sons more than
+at any time of her history. As you ask, I
+will state that I have no thought of leaving
+her.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>In a word, the welfare of the impoverished,
+desolated South was his chief concern. He
+kept in sight the honor of the South, but not
+that hate to the North which brought no good.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_131">131</div>
+<p>A lady who had lost her husband in the
+war, and had brought her two sons to college,
+spoke in sharp terms of the North to
+General Lee. He gently said: &ldquo;Madam, do
+not train up your children as foes to the
+Government of the United States. * *
+We are one country now. Bring them up
+to be Americans.&rdquo; Thus did this grand
+man, with a sad heart, try to do his duty at
+all times and on all occasions.</p>
+<p>Though meek in the way I have told you,
+General Lee was at the same time too proud
+to take the aid which, from time to time, his
+friends would offer him. They knew that
+he had lost his &ldquo;all&rdquo; by the war, and felt
+that he should now be helped, so that he
+might pass his days without care. But this
+proud man would take no aid. When, in a
+quiet way, the trustees of the college gave
+the house in which he lived to Mrs. Lee, and
+also the sum of three thousand dollars each
+year, he wrote, in Mrs. Lee&rsquo;s name, a kind
+but firm letter and declined the gift.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_132">132</div>
+<p>After his death, they again deeded the
+home to Mrs. Lee and sent her a check for
+a large sum of money. But she, with the
+pride of her husband, sent back the check
+and would not let the funds of the college be
+taken for her use.</p>
+<p>General Lee was always neat in his attire.
+This trait was the cause of much comment
+at the time of the &ldquo;surrender.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>General Sharp, of the Federal Army,
+says:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;It was late in the day when it was
+known that General Lee had sent for General
+Grant. The surrender took place in
+the left-hand room of an old house which
+had a hall-way through it. In that
+room were a few officers, of whom I was
+one.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;A short space apart sat two men. The
+larger and taller of the two was the more
+striking. His hair was as white as snow.
+There was not a speck upon his coat; not a
+spot upon those gauntlets that he wore,
+which were as bright and fair as a lady&rsquo;s
+glove. That was Robert E. Lee. The other
+was Ulysses S. Grant. His boots were
+muddy, and he wore no sword.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_133">133</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic29">
+<img src="images/p30.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="719" />
+<p class="caption">LEE AND GRANT.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_134">134</div>
+<p>&ldquo;The words that passed between Lee and
+Grant were few. General Grant, while the
+men wrote out the terms of the surrender,
+said: &lsquo;General Lee, I have no sword; I rode
+all night.&rsquo; And General Lee, with the pride
+which became him well, made no reply, but
+in a cold, formal way, bowed.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Then General Grant, in the attempt to
+be polite, said: &lsquo;I don&rsquo;t always wear a
+sword.&rsquo;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Lee only bowed again.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Some one else then said: &lsquo;General Lee,
+what became of the white horse you rode in
+Mexico? He may not be dead yet; he was
+not so old.&rsquo;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;General Lee again bowed and said: &lsquo;I
+left him at the White House, on the Pamunkey
+river, and I have not seen him
+since.&rsquo;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Then there were a few words, which
+we could not hear, spoken in a low tone
+of voice between Grant and Lee.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_135">135</div>
+<p>&ldquo;At last, when the terms of surrender
+had all been signed, Lee arose, cold and
+proud, and bowed to each man on our side
+in the room. And then he went out and
+passed down that little square in front of
+the house, and mounted the gray horse that
+had carried him all over Virginia.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;When he had gone we learned what the
+low-toned words had meant. General Grant
+turned and said: &lsquo;You go and ask each
+man that has three rations to turn over two
+of them, and send them on to General Lee.
+His men are on the point of starvation.&rsquo;&rdquo;</p>
+<p>This calm, proud man was the same who
+a few hours before had said: &ldquo;Then there is
+nothing left me but to go and see General
+Grant, and I would rather die a thousand
+deaths.&rdquo; His superb, proud mien won from
+the foe only praise and respect.</p>
+<p>I must here give you General Fitzhugh
+Lee&rsquo;s picture of the two generals at that
+time:</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_136">136</div>
+<p>&ldquo;Grant, not yet forty-three years old, five
+feet eight inches tall, shoulders slightly
+stooped, hair and beard nut-brown, wearing
+a dark-blue blouse; top-boots, pants inside;
+dark thread gloves; without spurs or sword,
+and no marks of rank save the straps of a
+general.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Lee, fifty-eight years old, six feet tall,
+hair and beard silver-gray; a handsome
+uniform of Confederate gray, buttoned to the
+throat, with three stars on collar, fine top-boots
+with spurs, new gauntlets, and at his
+side a splendid sword.&rdquo; Lee wore his best
+in honor of the cause for which he fought.</p>
+<p>General Lee never touched tobacco, brandy
+or whiskey; he was always a sober man.
+Just as he was starting to the Mexican war,
+a lady in Virginia gave him a bottle of fine
+old whiskey, saying that he would be sure
+to need it, and that it was very fine. On
+his return home he sent the bottle, unopened,
+to his friend to convince her that he could
+get along without whiskey.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_137">137</div>
+<p>General Lee once proposed to treat some
+of his officers, saying, &ldquo;I have a demijohn
+which I know <i>is of the best</i>.&rdquo; The demijohn
+was brought, and the cups, held out for the
+treat, were filled to the brim&mdash;not with old
+&ldquo;Rye,&rdquo; but with fresh buttermilk, which a
+kind lady had sent. The General seemed
+to enjoy the joke hugely.</p>
+<p>Being once asked to a fine dinner, he refused
+all the good dishes, and said to the
+lady of the house: &ldquo;I cannot consent to be
+feasting while my poor men are nearly
+starving.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>It was his way to send any nice thing he
+might have to the sick and wounded in the
+hospitals.</p>
+<p>A lady relates that when her brother
+was badly wounded near Petersburg, he was
+taken to a tent near a hospital, out of
+range of the fire of the foe. One day General
+Lee came riding up and went in to see
+the wounded man. He took him gently by
+the hand and told him to cheer up and get
+well; that he had use for all brave men like
+him. Then he drew two fine peaches from
+his pocket and laid them on the side of the
+cot.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_138">138</div>
+<p>Tears trickled down the wounded man&rsquo;s
+pale cheeks as he listened to these kind
+words, and felt that his chief cared so
+much for him, a private soldier.</p>
+<p>Near the close of the war, when meat had
+become quite scarce, an aide of President
+Davis&rsquo;, being at headquarters, was asked to
+dine. The meal spread on the rough board
+was corn-bread, and a small piece of meat in
+a large mess of greens. The aid saw that
+the meat was not touched, though General
+Lee had asked all to take a piece of it.
+When the meal was over, the aide asked one
+of the men why the meat was not eaten.
+The reply was, that it had been loaned by a
+friend to cook with the greens, and had to
+be returned.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_139">139</div>
+<p>It was General Lee&rsquo;s wish to fare just as
+his men did. When, during the siege of
+Petersburg, Mrs. Lee, fearing the great strain
+would be too much for him begged him
+to take more care of his health, he wrote:
+&ldquo;But what care can a man give to himself
+in time of war?&rdquo; He then went on
+to say that he lived in a tent in order to be
+near his men and the officers with whom
+he had to act; that he had been offered
+rooms by kind friends, but that he could
+not turn their homes into a camp.</p>
+<p>An English officer wrote this account of
+Lee&rsquo;s headquarters in 1862: &ldquo;Lee&rsquo;s headquarters
+I found were only seven or eight
+pole-tents, with their backs to a stake-fence,
+while a little stream of good water flowed
+close by. In front of the tents were three
+wagons, and a number of horses roamed over
+the fields. No guards were seen near, and
+no crowd of aids swarmed about. A large
+farm-house stood close by, which would have
+made a good home for the General, but Lee
+does not let his men rob or disturb the people,
+and likes to set them a good example.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_140">140</div>
+<p>It was in this way that he gained the
+great love of his men.</p>
+<p>A short time after the surrender, two
+ragged Confederates, just from prison in the
+North, waited upon the General and said
+that there were sixty other fellows around
+the corner who were too ragged to come.
+They had sent these two to offer their loved
+chief a home in the mountains of Virginia.
+&ldquo;We will give you,&rdquo; said one of them, &ldquo;a
+good house and a fine farm. We boys will
+work for you and you shall never want.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Tears came to the eyes of General Lee as
+he told them that he must decline their gift.
+The offer of these men was but the feeling of
+the whole South. Though poor themselves,
+they would have given him houses, lands
+and money had he let them.</p>
+<p>Just after the war, General Lee received
+the following letter from one of his old soldiers:</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_141">141</div>
+<blockquote>
+<p>&ldquo;Dear General:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;We have been fighting hard four years, and
+now the Yankees have got us in Libby Prison.
+They are treating us awful bad. The boys want
+you to get us out if you can; but if you can&rsquo;t, just
+ride by the Libby and let us see you and give
+you a cheer. We will all feel better for it.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<div class="img" id="pic30">
+<img src="images/p31.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="421" />
+<p class="caption">LIBBY PRISON.</p>
+</div>
+<p>This letter touched the tender heart of
+Lee, as well as this story which was told to
+him by Rev. J. William Jones: After the
+war, the latter was riding along a road one
+day, when he saw a young man plowing in
+a field, guiding the plow with one hand,
+for on the other side was an empty sleeve.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_142">142</div>
+<p>He soon saw that the man plowing was a
+soldier whom he had known, and stopped to
+speak to him. In fact, he had known the
+young man from boyhood; how, at the first
+tap of the drum he had gone to fight for his
+native State; and how he had been maimed
+for life, and had gone home to find that he
+must work with one arm for his bread, as his
+fortune had been wrecked by the war. When
+he told the young man how sad it made him
+to see him thus, the latter said: &ldquo;Oh! it is
+all right. I thank God that I have <i>one</i> arm
+left, and can use it for those I love.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>When the Rev. Mr. Jones told this to
+General Lee, his face flushed, and he said:
+&ldquo;What a noble fellow! But it is just like
+one of our soldiers. The world has never
+seen nobler men than those who belonged to
+the Army of Northern Virginia.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The real corner-stone of Lee&rsquo;s life was
+his trust in God. Whatever came to him he
+always said, &ldquo;God&rsquo;s will be done.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_143">143</div>
+<p>The death of the wife of his son, General
+W. H. Fitzhugh Lee, gave General Lee much
+grief. The former General was wounded and
+taken prisoner. While in prison his lovely
+wife died. In this bitter grief, General Lee
+wrote to his son these words:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;My whole trust is in God, and I am
+ready for whatever He may ordain.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>While the army was at Mine Run, in November,
+1863, and a battle was at hand,
+General Lee, with a number of officers riding
+down the line of battle, came upon a party
+of soldiers who were holding a prayer-meeting.
+The shooting had begun along the
+lines, the cannon were already roaring, and
+the mind and heart of the great chief were
+on the battle. Yet, as he saw these men
+bent in prayer, he dismounted and joined in
+the simple worship. So these humble men
+led the devotions of their loved General.</p>
+<p>One day in 1865, while riding along the
+lines with his staff, General Lee met the Rev.
+J. William Jones, who was giving tracts to
+the men in the trenches. He at once reined
+in his horse and spoke to this &ldquo;man of God,&rdquo;
+while the officers crowded around.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_144">144</div>
+<p>General Lee asked if he ever had calls for
+prayer-books, and said that if he would come
+to his headquarters he would give him
+some&mdash;that a friend in Richmond had given
+him a new book; and upon his saying to his
+friend that he would give his old book, that
+he had used ever since the Mexican war, to
+some soldier, the friend offered him a dozen
+new books for the old one. He had, of course,
+taken so grand an offer, and now had twelve,
+in place of one, to give away.</p>
+<p>When the Rev. Mr. Jones called, General
+Lee was out, but had left the books for
+Mr. Jones with one of his staff. He had
+written on the fly-leaf of each book, &ldquo;Presented
+by R. E. Lee.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>We are sure that if any of these books
+were saved amid the din and stress of war,
+they are now much prized by those who
+own them.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_145">145</div>
+<p>These are some of the words which General
+Lee would use when his army had gained the
+day: &ldquo;Thanks be to God.&rdquo; &ldquo;God has again
+crowned the valor of our troops with success.&rdquo;
+Again, upon a fast-day, he said in an order,
+&ldquo;Soldiers! let us humble ourselves before the
+Lord our God, asking, through Christ, the
+forgiveness of our sins.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>With the close of the war, the piety of this
+great man seemed to increase. His seat at
+church was always filled, unless he was kept
+away by sickness, and he was ever ready
+for good works. He did not find fault with
+preachers, as so many do, but was most fond
+of those who were simple and true to the
+teachings of the Bible.</p>
+<p>Once he said to a friend: &ldquo;Do you think
+that it would be any harm for me to hint to
+Mr. &mdash;&mdash; that we should be glad if he made
+his <i>morning prayers</i> a little short? You
+know our friend makes this prayer too long.
+He prays for the Jews, the Turks, and the
+heathen, and runs into the hour for our College
+recitations. Would it be wrong for me
+to hint to Mr. &mdash;&mdash; that he confine his
+morning prayers to us <i>poor sinners at the
+College</i>, and pray for the Turks, the Jews,
+the Chinese, and other heathen some other
+time?&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_146">146</div>
+<p>General Lee was a constant reader of the
+Bible. One of his friends relates that, as he
+watched beside his body the day after death,
+he picked up from the table a well-worn
+pocket Bible, in which was written in his
+own hand, &ldquo;R. E. Lee, Lieutenant-Colonel of
+U. S. Army.&rdquo; This little book had been the
+light of his pathway through many trials.</p>
+<p>General Lee gave freely of his small means
+to his church and to the poor. At a vestry
+meeting which took place the evening of his
+illness, the sum of fifty-five dollars was needed
+for the pay of the Rector. Though he had
+before given his share, General Lee said in
+a low voice, &ldquo;I will give the sum.&rdquo; These
+were the last words he spoke to the vestry,
+and this giving was his last public act.</p>
+<p>His love for his wife and children is shown
+by the tender, loving letters he wrote when
+away from them. During the Civil War his
+anxiety for them was great.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_147">147</div>
+<p>Just before the Northern army crossed the
+Potomac, in 1861, Mrs. Lee left her beautiful
+home, Arlington, and came South. Arlington
+was at once seized by the Northern
+Government, and the grounds were taken
+for a burial-place for the Northern soldiers.</p>
+<p>Mrs. Lee and her
+daughters then
+sought a home at
+the &ldquo;White House,&rdquo;
+on the Pamunkey
+river, where Washington
+married
+the &ldquo;Widow Custis,&rdquo;
+and which had been
+left by Mr. Custis to
+one of General Lee&rsquo;s sons. Mrs. Lee
+and her daughters were soon driven from
+there by the hosts of McClellan, and the
+house was burned to the ground. At last,
+they found a home in Richmond, where they
+lived until the close of the war.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic31">
+<img src="images/p32.jpg" alt="" width="400" height="518" />
+<p class="caption">RESIDENCE OF GENERAL LEE IN RICHMOND.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_148">148</div>
+<p>Mrs. Lee&rsquo;s health had failed, but a large
+part of her time was spent in knitting socks
+for the poor bare-footed soldiers of the South.
+Her brave daughters, also, knit socks,
+and nursed the sick and wounded soldiers.</p>
+<p>Those were
+sad times, and
+the Lee family
+suffered most
+heavily.</p>
+<p>The death of
+her noble husband
+was a
+great shock to
+Mrs. Lee, who
+was then not
+able to walk
+without aid.
+She did not survive him many years, and
+now rests beside him in the College chapel
+at Lexington, Virginia. Their daughter
+Agnes, who died shortly after her father,
+is buried in the same place.</p>
+<div class="img" id="pic32">
+<img src="images/p33.jpg" alt="" width="442" height="599" />
+<p class="caption">MARY CUSTIS LEE.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_149">149</div>
+<p>Close by is the grave of Stonewall Jackson.
+How meet that these two friends and heroes
+should rest so near each other!</p>
+<p>The blue mountains of their loved Virginia
+keep &ldquo;watch and ward&rdquo; over their graves;
+and each year, pilgrims from every part of
+the land come to visit their tombs and place
+fresh flowers and green wreaths upon them.</p>
+<p>General Custis Lee was made President of
+the College in his father&rsquo;s place. The College
+is now called the &ldquo;Washington and Lee
+University,&rdquo; after Washington and Lee, the
+two great names in the history of our
+country.</p>
+<hr />
+<dl class="undent"><dd>C&#335;n&prime;c&#333;urse, a crowd of people.</dd>
+<dd>Cou&prime;rier (k&#333;&#333;&prime;rier), a man who carries an order for an officer.</dd>
+<dd>P&#301;l&prime;grim, a traveler to holy places.</dd></dl>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_150">150</div>
+<dl class="undent"><dt>Tell me&mdash;</dt>
+<dd>What General Lee became in 1865.</dd>
+<dd>Something about his work.</dd>
+<dd>His visit to the South in 1870.</dd>
+<dd>His illness and death.</dd>
+<dd>What day is kept throughout the South in memory of Lee?</dd>
+<dd>About Mrs. Lee.</dd>
+<dd>The tomb of Lee.</dd>
+<dd>Washington and Lee University.</dd></dl>
+<div class="img" id="pic33">
+<img src="images/p34.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="565" />
+<p class="caption">LEE&rsquo;S COAT OF ARMS.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_151">151</div>
+<h2 id="c7"><span class="h2line1">CHAPTER VII.</span>
+<br /><span class="h2line2">A People&rsquo;s Hero.</span></h2>
+<p>After the death of General Lee, many
+speeches were made in his praise, and many
+letters were written telling of the sorrow of his
+friends. These letters came not only from
+the South, but from the North, and other
+lands.</p>
+<p>The New York <i>Sun</i> thus closes its notice:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;His death will awaken great grief through
+the South, and many people in the North
+will drop a tear of sorrow on his bier. * * *
+In General Lee, an able Soldier, a sincere
+Christian, and an honest man has been taken
+from earth.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The New York <i>Herald</i> said these kind
+words of him:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;In a quiet autumn morning, in the land
+he loved so well, and, as he held, he had
+served so faithfully, the spirit of Robert E.
+Lee left the clay which it had so much
+ennobled, and traveled out of this world
+into the great and unknown land. * * *</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_152">152</div>
+<div class="img" id="pic34">
+<img src="images/p35.jpg" alt="" width="471" height="619" />
+<p class="caption">GENERAL ROBERT E. LEE.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_153">153</div>
+<p>&ldquo;Not to the Southern people alone shall
+be limited the tribute of a tear over the dead
+Virginian. Here in the North, forgetting
+that the time was when the sword of Robert
+E. Lee was drawn against us, we have long
+since ceased to look upon him as the Confederate
+leader, but have claimed him as one
+of ourselves; for Robert Edward Lee was an
+American, and the great nation which gave
+him birth would to-day be unworthy of such
+a son if she looked upon him lightly.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The Pall Mall <i>Gazette</i>, London, England,
+said:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;The news from America, that General
+Robert E. Lee is dead, will be received with
+great sorrow by many in this country, as
+well as by his fellow-soldiers in America.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_154">154</div>
+<p>&ldquo;It is but a few years since Robert E. Lee
+ranked among the great men of his time.
+He was the able soldier of the Southern
+Confederacy, the leader who twice threatened,
+by the capture of Washington, to turn the
+tide of success and cause a revolution which
+would have changed the destiny of the United
+States.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The London <i>Standard</i> gave this tribute to
+Lee:</p>
+<p>&ldquo;A country which has given birth to men
+like him, and those who followed him, may
+look the chivalry of Europe in the face without
+shame; for the lands of Sidney and of
+Bayard never brought forth a nobler soldier,
+gentleman and Christian, than Robert E.
+Lee.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>He was called &ldquo;the great captain of his
+age&rdquo;&mdash;&ldquo;the great general of the South&rdquo;&mdash;&ldquo;a
+good knight, noble of heart and strong of
+purpose, and both a soldier and a gentleman.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>These beautiful words were said of him in
+a speech soon after his death:</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_155">155</div>
+<p>&ldquo;General Lee&rsquo;s fame is not bounded by
+the limits of the South, nor by the continent.
+I rejoice that the South gave him birth. I
+rejoice that the South will hold his ashes.
+But his fame belongs to the human race.
+Washington, too, was born in the South and
+sleeps in the South, but his fame belongs to
+mankind. We place the name of Lee by
+that of Washington. They both belong to
+the world.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;There is one thing more I wish to say
+before I take my seat. General Lee&rsquo;s fame
+ought to rest on its true foundation. He did
+not draw his sword in the cause of slavery&mdash;he
+did not seek to overthrow the Government
+of the United States. He drew it in the
+defense of constitutional liberty. That cause
+is not dead, but will live forever.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>General W. Preston spoke of him thus:</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_156">156</div>
+<p>&ldquo;I knew him first when he was a captain.
+* * At that time, General Scott
+had decided upon General Lee as a man who
+would make his mark if he were ever called
+upon to do great work. He never drank, he
+never swore an oath, but there was never a
+dispute among gentlemen in which his voice
+was not more potent than any other; his rare
+calmness and dignity were above all. When
+the war came on, he followed his native
+State, Virginia. * * Scott maintained
+that Lee was the greatest soldier in the
+army. * *</p>
+<p>&ldquo;I remember when Scott made use of these
+words: &lsquo;I tell you one thing, if I were on my
+death-bed, and knew that a battle was to be
+fought for my country, and the President
+were to say to me, &lsquo;Scott, who shall command?&rsquo;
+I tell you that, with my dying
+breath, I would say Robert Lee. Nobody
+but Robert Lee! Robert Lee, and nobody
+but Lee!&rdquo;</p>
+<p>These extracts would not be complete
+without this one, bearing upon his life as a
+teacher:</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_157">157</div>
+<p>&ldquo;And it is an honor for all the colleges of
+the South, and for all our schools, that this
+pure and bright name is joined by the will
+of him that bore it with the cause of education.
+We believe that, so long as the name of
+Lee is cherished by Southern teachers, they
+will grow stronger in their work. They will be
+encouraged to greater efforts when they remember
+that Lee was one of their number,
+and that his great heart, that had so bravely
+borne the fortunes of an empire, bore also,
+amid its latest aspirations, the interests and
+hopes of the teacher.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>A great public honor was paid to our
+hero when the bronze statue by Merci&eacute;
+(Mersea) was unveiled in Richmond.</p>
+<p>Shortly after the death of General Lee, a
+few ladies met in a parlor in Richmond and
+formed a society known as the Ladies&rsquo; Lee
+Monument Association. Their plan was to
+erect a monument in Richmond to the memory
+of the great chief, and to collect funds
+for this purpose from the entire South. They
+began at once their labor of love. Though
+the South was at that time very poor, the
+people gave gladly of their small means
+until the Ladies&rsquo; Association had collected
+over fifteen thousand dollars.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_158">158</div>
+<p>Almost at the same time, another &ldquo;Lee
+Monument Association&rdquo; was formed of the
+old soldiers and sailors of the Confederacy,
+which had General Jubal A. Early for its
+president. The ladies of the Hollywood
+Memorial Association were asked to help,
+and they proved great workers in the cause.</p>
+<p>I cannot tell you the many ways in which
+these and other societies worked to raise the
+money, but at last there was enough in the
+treasury to erect the statue.</p>
+<p>In the meantime, General Fitzhugh Lee
+was made Governor of Virginia, and he at
+once began to take measures to bring about
+the erection of the monument. By his efforts
+a &ldquo;Board of Managers&rdquo; was appointed, whose
+work was to choose the design, the artist,
+and the site for the monument. The Allen
+lot, in the western part of the city, was at
+last chosen for the site, and was accepted as
+the gift of Mr. Otway Allen, June 18th, 1887.
+It was then the duty of the Board to find a
+sculptor worthy to execute this great work.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_159">159</div>
+<p>After many trials, the Board selected
+Monsieur Mercie, a Frenchman, who was
+both a painter and a sculptor of note. In
+the summer of 1887, the best photographs of
+General Lee, as well as one of his shoes and
+his uniform, were sent to the sculptor. A
+small spur, such as General Lee wore, was
+taken over to France by Miss Randolph,
+who was one of the Board of Managers.
+Monsieur Mercie told her that when General
+Lee&rsquo;s shoe was sent to him, there was no one
+in his household, except his twelve-year-old
+boy, with a foot small enough to wear it.</p>
+<p>In working out the likeness to General
+Lee, Monsieur Mercie had the good fortune
+to have Miss Mary Lee, who was then in
+Paris, as a critic of his work.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_160">160</div>
+<p>On the 27th of October, 1887, the cornerstone
+was laid with splendid rites, and on
+the 3rd of May, 1890, the statue reached Richmond
+by way of New York. It was packed
+in three boxes. On the 7th of May, each box
+was placed in a separate wagon, from which
+waved the flags of Virginia and the Confederacy.
+Then, one wagon was drawn by
+men of the city, one by old soldiers, and one
+by women and girls&mdash;the fine lady and her
+humble sister standing shoulder to shoulder.
+They went through the city, pulling the ropes
+amid the cheers of twenty thousand people,
+until they came to the spot where the statue
+was to stand. Such was their love for Lee!
+The monument in all is about sixty-one feet
+in height, and cost sixty-five thousand dollars.
+It shows the General mounted upon
+his war-horse, Traveler. His feet touch the
+stirrups lightly, after the manner of the
+Southern horsemen. He is clad in a plain
+uniform. A sash girds his waist, and the
+sword of a cavalry officer hangs from his
+side. He holds the bridle reins in his left
+hand, while in his right is his hat, which he
+grasps as if he had just taken it off to acknowledge
+the cheers of his men, through
+whose ranks we may suppose him to be
+passing.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_161">161</div>
+<p>The day decided upon for unveiling the
+statue was Friday, May 29th, 1890.</p>
+<p>From North, South, East and West,
+people thronged to do honor to the great
+chief.</p>
+<p>All the city was then thinking of one
+man&mdash;Lee, just as, twenty-five years before,
+all their hopes had turned to him.</p>
+<p>On that day, the sun rose bright and the
+people with it. Soon, the noise of tramping
+feet and the tap of the drum were heard, and
+ere long the glitter of bayonets, the flashing
+of sabers and the waving of flags told that
+the line was forming. The streets were
+crowded, and rang with cheers as some noted
+soldier rode by or an old Confederate flag
+was waved.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_162">162</div>
+<p>At noon, the long line was formed on
+Broad street, and the parade began. Every
+window, doorway, and even the house-tops
+along the line of march, were filled with
+people eager to see the great parade, which
+stretched through the streets four miles in
+moving mass.</p>
+<p>General Fitzhugh Lee, nephew of the
+hero, who had been one of his most daring
+cavalry generals during the war, and who
+had formerly been Governor of Virginia, was
+chief marshal of the parade. Cheer after
+cheer arose as he rode by, wearing the
+slouch hat of a cavalryman. &ldquo;Our Fitz,&rdquo;
+as his men loved to call him, &ldquo;was himself
+again.&rdquo;</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_163">163</div>
+<p>The guests rode in open carriages, and
+among them were Misses Mary and Mildred
+Lee; and General W. H. Fitzhugh Lee, wife
+and sons. They were followed by band
+after band of volunteer troops from all the
+Southern States, in the following order:
+South Carolina, North Carolina, Mississippi,
+Texas, Maryland, District of Columbia, Alabama,
+West Virginia and Virginia. Behind
+these marched the veterans&mdash;men who had
+fought in the Civil War, and who came from
+all parts of the South. Brave men were
+there from Texas, the far-off &ldquo;Lone Star
+State.&rdquo; With the veteran troops from Louisiana
+was &ldquo;the old war-horse&rdquo; Longstreet,
+who had led the First Corps of the Army of
+Northern Virginia; and at the head of the
+Georgia men was the tried and true Gordon.
+Gallant sons of Florida, Mississippi and
+Alabama were in line with the brave men
+of North and South Carolina. Veterans
+from Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, Maryland,
+West Virginia and Virginia were also
+there to honor the memory of their leader.</p>
+<p>Whenever and wherever these veterans
+were seen, they were greeted with hearty
+cheers. Some were clad in their old gray
+uniforms, faded and worn, and in many cases,
+full of bullet-holes. Here and there along
+the line could be seen the old and tattered
+flags of the Confederacy.</p>
+<p>After the veterans, came the civic orders
+in Richmond, the students of Washington
+and Lee University, and the corps of cadets
+from the historic Virginia Military Institute.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_164">164</div>
+<p>The cross-bars and battle-flags of the Confederacy
+floated in the breeze by the side of
+the &ldquo;Stars and Stripes,&rdquo; which meant that
+the people of the United States were one
+nation.</p>
+<p>As the line moved along the streets
+decked with floating flags and gay bunting,
+the sound of the many feet was lost in loud
+and hearty cheers that arose from doors,
+house-tops and crowded sidewalks.</p>
+<p>At last, the throng at the grandstand heard
+the roll of the drum and the nearing din of
+the parade, and soon the bright line swept
+into view. The crowd was so dense that
+persons on the grandstand could not be seen
+by those on the ground. Ringing cheers
+arose, not once, but time and time again, as
+the great men took their places on the stand,
+and it was as late as 3:45 o&rsquo;clock P. M. when
+Governor McKinney stepped forward to make
+the opening speech.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_165">165</div>
+<p>Then there was prayer by Rev. Dr. Minnigerode,
+who was rector of St. Paul&rsquo;s
+church during the war, at which church
+General Lee worshiped when in Richmond.</p>
+<p>When the prayer ended, the band played
+Dixie, the war-song of the South, with whose
+strains the old soldiers had so often been
+thrilled as they marched into battle. Then
+there was a great noise which at last wore
+itself away, and General Early rose and
+spoke a few words of cheer to the old soldiers.</p>
+<p>The orator of the day was Colonel
+Archer Anderson, who pictured scene after
+scene in the life of General Lee with great
+force and clearness. Again the grand hero
+seemed to live and act in their midst&mdash;to
+lead them on to victory or to teach them
+how to bear defeat.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_166">166</div>
+<p>When the speaker took his seat, amid
+cheers, General Joseph E. Johnston arose
+and with two old soldiers marched to the
+base of the monument. Each of the soldiers
+carried a battle flag, tattered and torn by
+shot and shell. When the monument was
+reached, General Johnston pulled the rope,
+and one part of the veil fell off. Another
+pull brought off the rest of the veil, and the
+splendid statue was in plain view of the
+eager multitude. A score of old soldiers
+mounted its base and waved their old Confederate
+flags in loyal, eager love for their
+dead chief. Mighty cheers broke from the
+watching throng, like the wild breaking of
+a storm, but at last they died away.</p>
+<p>Up there, against the blue sky, kissed by
+the rays of the setting sun, in the midst of
+his own people, was the matchless face and
+form of Lee.</p>
+<p>Some wept, others shouted, but all thanked
+God that he had given to America such a
+son as Lee.</p>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_167">167</div>
+<p>Seldom had men looked on such a scene
+before. At last the crowd went slowly
+away, leaving their hero in bronze to keep
+silent watch over the city he loved so well.
+Beneath him were the homes of his friends,
+and beyond, in &ldquo;Hollywood&rdquo; and &ldquo;Oakwood,&rdquo;
+Richmond&rsquo;s &ldquo;cities of the dead,&rdquo;
+were the graves of his fallen heroes, and far
+away, across and a-down the James, were
+his battlefields.</p>
+<p>As time rolls on, statue and city will pass
+away. But the name and virtues of Robert
+E. Lee will never die, for they are written in
+the history of his country and in the Book
+of Life, and will live beyond the shores of
+Time.</p>
+<hr />
+<dl class="undent"><dd>Monsieur (m&#333;syur&prime;), a French word for Mr.</dd>
+<dd>Sinc&#275;r&eacute;&prime;, honest.</dd>
+<dd>Acknowledge (akn&#335;l&prime;eg), to own a gift or favor.</dd>
+<dd>P&#333;t&prime;ent, strong, having power.</dd>
+<dd>S&#301;d&prime;ney, an English patriot.</dd>
+<dd>Bayard (b&#257;&prime;y&auml;r&prime;), a French hero.</dd>
+<dd>P&#257;&prime;triot, one who loves his country.</dd></dl>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_168">168</div>
+<dl class="undent"><dt>Tell about&mdash;</dt>
+<dd>A great honor paid to Lee.</dd>
+<dd>The laying of the corner-stone.</dd>
+<dd>The monument.</dd>
+<dd>The parade.</dd>
+<dd>The unveiling.</dd>
+<dd>The undying fame of Lee.</dd></dl>
+<div class="img">
+<img src="images/p36.jpg" alt="FINIS" width="400" height="244" />
+</div>
+<div class="pb" id="Page_169">169</div>
+<h2 id="c8"><span class="h2line1">GENERAL R. E. LEE&rsquo;S</span>
+<br /><span class="h2line2">Farewell Address to His Soldiers.</span></h2>
+<blockquote>
+<p><span class="center"><span class="sc">Headquarters Army Northern Virginia</span>,</span>
+<span class="jr"><span class="sc">Appomattox C. H.</span>, April 10, 1865.</span></p>
+<p><b>General Orders No. 9.</b></p>
+<p>After four years of arduous service, marked by unsurpassed
+courage and fortitude, the <span class="sc">Army of Northern Virginia</span> has
+been compelled to yield to overwhelming numbers and resources.</p>
+<p>I need not tell the survivors of so many hard-fought battles,
+who have remained steadfast to the last, that I have consented
+to this result from no distrust of them; but, feeling that valor
+and devotion could accomplish nothing that would compensate
+for the loss that must have attended a continuance of the contest,
+I determined to avoid the useless sacrifice of those whose
+past services have endeared them to their countrymen.</p>
+<p>By the terms of the Agreement, Officers and men can return
+to their homes and remain until exchanged. You will take with
+you the satisfaction that proceeds from the consciousness of duty
+faithfully performed, and I earnestly pray that a merciful God
+will extend to you His blessing and protection. With an unceasing
+admiration of your constancy and devotion to your Country,
+and a grateful remembrance of your kind and generous consideration
+for myself, I bid you all an Affectionate Farewell.</p>
+<div class="img">
+<img src="images/p36a.jpg" alt="R E Lee" width="250" height="83" />
+</div>
+</blockquote>
+<h2>Transcriber&rsquo;s Notes</h2>
+<ul>
+<li>Copyright notice provided as in the original&mdash;this e-text is public domain in the country of publication.</li>
+<li>Created cover and spine images based on elements of the printed book.</li>
+<li>Added a Table of Contents based on chapter headings in the printed book.</li>
+<li>In the text versions, delimited italics text in _underscores_ (the HTML version reproduces the font form of the printed book.)</li>
+<li>Silently corrected palpable typos; left non-standard spellings and dialect unchanged.</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Life of Gen. Robert E. Lee, For
+Children, by Mary L. Williamson
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+</body>
+</html>
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author	nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org>	2025-01-27 11:57:37 -0800
committer	nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org>	2025-01-27 11:57:37 -0800
commit	f01a962ca53a0fffbc42164e3cab21a2fa454cce (patch)
tree	203e33622d0766964986d420d8b101306b662710