diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | .gitattributes | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | LICENSE.txt | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | README.md | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-0.txt | 9108 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-0.zip | bin | 151259 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h.zip | bin | 1798996 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/60016-h.htm | 12067 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/cover.jpg | bin | 96603 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i010.jpg | bin | 97733 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i063.jpg | bin | 93933 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i074.jpg | bin | 95631 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i080.jpg | bin | 97620 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i088.jpg | bin | 94945 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i115.jpg | bin | 97692 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i127.jpg | bin | 94689 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i131.jpg | bin | 98829 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i139.jpg | bin | 33661 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i153.jpg | bin | 98686 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i175.jpg | bin | 98237 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i232.jpg | bin | 35227 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i238a.jpg | bin | 94087 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i238b.jpg | bin | 84912 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i291.jpg | bin | 34452 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i293.jpg | bin | 96351 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i318.jpg | bin | 95862 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60016-h/images/i340.jpg | bin | 98029 -> 0 bytes |
26 files changed, 17 insertions, 21175 deletions
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0e19c7c --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #60016 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/60016) diff --git a/old/60016-0.txt b/old/60016-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index c43826a..0000000 --- a/old/60016-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,9108 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of London and Its Environs Described, vol. 3 -(of 6), by Anonymous - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: London and Its Environs Described, vol. 3 (of 6) - Containing an Account of whatever is most remarkable for - Grandeur, Elegance, Curiosity or Use - -Author: Anonymous - -Release Date: July 30, 2019 [EBook #60016] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LONDON AND ITS ENVIRONS, VOL 3 *** - - - - -Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive) - - - - - - - - - - LONDON - - AND ITS - - ENVIRONS - - DESCRIBED. - - VOL. III. - - - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - LONDON - - AND ITS - - ENVIRONS - - DESCRIBED. - - - CONTAINING - -An Account of whatever is most remarkable for GRANDEUR, ELEGANCE, -CURIOSITY or USE, - - - In the CITY and in the COUNTRY - Twenty Miles round it. - - COMPREHENDING ALSO - Whatever is most material in the History and Antiquities - of this great Metropolis. - - -Decorated and illustrated with a great Number of Views in Perspective, -engraved from original Drawings, taken on purpose for this Work. - - - Together with a PLAN of LONDON, - A Map of the ENVIRONS, and several other - useful CUTS. - - - VOL. III. - - - LONDON: - Printed for R. and J. DODSLEY in Pall Mall. - - ---------- - - M DCC LXI. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - LONDON - - AND ITS - - ENVIRONS - - DESCRIBED, &c. - - - - - GAP - - -_St._ GABRIEL’S, a church which stood opposite to Cullum street, the - middle of Fenchurch street, in Langbourn ward; but being destroyed by - the fire of London and not rebuilt, the parish was annexed to the - church of St. Margaret Pattens. - -GAINSFORD _street_, Horselydown lane.† - -GALLARD’S _Almshouse_, in Golden lane, was founded by Richard Gallard of - Islington, Esq; for thirteen poor men and women, who were to receive - only two pence a week each, and a load of charcoal yearly amongst them - all. By this small allowance, it appears that this house must be of a - very ancient foundation. _Maitland._ - -GAP _yard_, Stepney Causeway. - -GARDENS _court_, 1. Baldwin’s gardens.☐ 2. St. Botolph Bishopsgate - church yard.☐ 3. Clement’s Inn.☐ 4. Clifford’s Inn.☐ 5. Furnival’s - Inn.☐ 6. Lincoln’s Inn.☐ 7. Middle Temple.☐ 8. Petticoat lane.☐ 9. - Serjeants Inn.☐ 10. Sion College.☐ 11. Staple’s Inn.☐ 12. Star street, - Wapping Wall.☐ 13. Thavie’s Inn.☐ - -GARDEN _row_, 1. Inner Temple.☐ 2. Lower street, Islington.☐ 3. Unicorn - alley, Shoreditch.☐ - -GARDENERS, a company incorporated by letters patent granted by King - James I. in the year 1616. They are governed by a Master, two Wardens, - and eighteen Assistants; but have neither hall nor livery. - -GARDINER’S _court_, Gardiner’s lane, King street, Westminster.† - -GARDINER’S _ground_, Collingwood street. - -GARDINER’S _lane_, 1. High Timber street. 2. King street, Westminster. - 3. Maiden lane. 4. Neathouse lane. 5. Petty France, Westminster. 6. - Willow street. - -GARDINER’S _row_, Chelsea. - -GARLAND _alley_, Bishopsgate street. - -GARLAND _court_, 1. Ocean street, Stepney. 2. Trinity lane. - -GARLIC _hill_, Thames street; so called from the garlick market formerly - held thereabout. _Stow._ - -GARRAT _street_, Cock lane, Shoreditch.† - -GARRET’S _Almshouse_, in Porter’s fields, and in the liberty of Norton - Falgate, was founded in the year 1729, by Nicholas Garret, Esq; - citizen and weaver, for the accommodation of six poor members of his - company, each of whom has also an annual allowance of 8_l._, a - chaldron of coals, and dozen and a half of candles. _Maitland._ - -GARRET’S _rents_, Coleman street.† - -GARTER _court_, Barbican.* - -GARTER _yard_, Ratcliff Highway. - -GASSON, a village in the parish of Blechingley, in Surry, at the source - of the river Medway. - -GATEHOUSE, Tothill street, Westminster, is so called from two gates, - erected there in the reign of Edward III. Here is a prison for debtors - and criminals. - -GATE _street_, Lincoln’s Inn fields. - -GATTON, a very small borough in Surry, eighteen miles from London, under - the side of a hill in the road to Ryegate. This is a very ancient - town; and from the Roman coins and other antiquities found there, is - supposed to have been well known to the Romans; but though it is a - borough by prescription, and has sent members to parliament ever since - the 29th of Henry VI. and though it was formerly a large and populous - place, it now resembles a very mean village; it having only a small - church, and neither a fair nor market. The members are returned by its - constable, who is annually chosen at the Lord of the manor’s court. - This parish is famous for a quarry of white stone, which, though very - soft, will endure the fire admirably well; but neither the sun nor the - air; on which account it is much used for glass houses, and by - chemists and bakers. - -GAUNT’S _key_. Thames street.† - -GENEVA _row_, Tyburn road.† - -GENTEE’S _passage_, Nibb’s Pound.† - -GEORGE _alley_, 1. Aldgate street, within.* 2. Bishopsgate street.* 3. - In the Borough.* 4. Coleman street.* 5. Field lane, at the bottom of - Holborn hill.* 6. George street, York buildings.* 7. Holles street, - Clare market.* 8. King Tudor’s street.* 9. Lombard street, Gracechurch - street.* 10. Lower Shadwell. 11. St. Margaret’s hill.* 12. New George - street, Spitalfields.* 13. Rotherhith.* 14. Saffron hill.* 15. Shoe - lane, Fleet street.* 16. Stony street.* 17. In the Strand.* 18. Thames - street.* 19. Turnmill street.* 20. York buildings.* - -GEORGE AND VULTURE _alley_, Cornhill.* - - -[Illustration: - - _S. Wale delin._ _Elliot sculp._ - _Bloomsbury Church._ -] - - -GEORGE _court_, 1. Bennet’s hill.* 2. Coleman street.* 3. East - Smithfield.* 4. George street, Conduit street.* 5. George street in - the Mint.* 6. Gravel lane.* 7. Hatton Wall.* 8. St. John’s lane.* 9. - Little St. Thomas Apostles.* 10. Near Newington Turnpike.* 11. - Prince’s street, Spitalfields.* 12. Seacole lane, Snow hill.* - -GEORGE INN _yard_, in the Borough.* - -GEORGE _lane_, St. Botolph lane.* - -GEORGE’S _buildings_, 1. Catharine Wheel alley, Whitechapel.† 2. Near - Rosemary lane.† 3. Jermain street.† - -_St._ GEORGE’S _Bloomsbury_, is one of the fifty new churches appointed - to be built by act of parliament within the bills of mortality. The - name of St. George was given to it in honour of his present Majesty; - and it received the additional epithet of Bloomsbury, from its - situation, to distinguish it from others of the same name. - - The portico through which you enter the church stands on the south - side, as is represented in the print. It is of the Corinthian order, - and makes a very good figure in the street, but has no affinity to the - church, which is very heavy, and would be better suited with a Tuscan - portico. The tower and steeple at the west, is a very extraordinary - structure. On the top standing on a round pedestal or altar, is a - colossal statue of the late King, supported by a pyramid. At the - corners near the base are alternately placed the lion and unicorn the - British supporters, with festoons between: these animals being very - large, are injudiciously placed over columns very small, which makes - them appear monsters. The under part is heavy enough, but not - connected with the church. The introduction of figures and other - pieces of sculpture into steeples, which are so much the work of - fancy, and where the artist is not so much confined as in the other - parts of the building, if managed with taste and propriety might be - made elegant ornaments, and would make a fine variety with the - architectonic ones with which the city already abounds. - - This church was erected at the public expence, and consecrated in - January 1731. A district for its parish was by authority of parliament - taken out of that of St. Giles’s, and the sum of 3000_l._ was given - towards the support of its Rector, to which being added 1250_l._ by - the inhabitants of St. Giles’s parish, both sums were ordered to be - laid out in the purchase of lands, tenements, &c. in fee simple, as a - perpetual fund for the maintenance of the Rector and his successors; - but the poor of this parish and that of St. Giles’s in the Fields, are - to be maintained by the joint assessment of both parishes, in the same - manner as before their being divided. - -_St._ GEORGE’S _Botolph lane_, is like all the other churches of this - name, dedicated to St. George of Cappadocia, the martyr and tutelar - saint of the English nation, and is situated on the west side of - Botolph lane, Thames street. The old church was destroyed by the fire - of London in 1666, and the present edifice built in its stead. It is - enlightened with a single series of tall windows, and the steeple - consists of a plain tower ornamented with vases at the four corners. - - This is a rectory in the gift of the Crown; and to this parish that of - St. Botolph’s Billingsgate is united by act of parliament. - -_St._ GEORGE’S _fields_, a large space between Lambeth and Southwark, - where have been found many Roman coins, chequered pavements, and - bricks, it being the center of three Roman ways. Since the building of - Westminster bridge, a new road has been made across these fields, - which leading into the Borough forms a communication between the two - bridges. - -_St._ GEORGE’S _Hanover square_, is situated on the east side of George - street, near the square, whence it had its additional epithet. This is - one of the churches that were found necessary, upon the great increase - of public buildings in this part of the town; for the church of St - Martin’s in the Fields being at too great a distance from the new - streets, and too small for the inhabitants, the Commissioners for the - fifty new churches gave orders for erecting one in the skirts of the - parish, on which this august pile arose, and was consecrated in 1724. - - This church, considering the extent of the parish, is too small. It - has a plain body with an elegant portico: the columns, which are - Corinthian, are of a large diameter, and the pediment has its - acroteria, but without farther ornament. It has a tower, which, above - the clock, is elegantly adorned at the corners with coupled Corinthian - columns that are very lofty. These are crowned with their entablature, - which at each corner supports two vases, and over these the tower - still rises till it is terminated by a dome crowned with a turret - which supports a ball, over which rises the weather-cock. - - This church is a rectory; the parish at first consisted of the two out - wards of that of St. Martin’s in the Fields; but it has now four - wards, named Conduit street, Grosvenor street, Dover street, and the - out ward. The advowson is settled upon the Bishop of London and his - successors. The profits arising to the Rector, are said to amount to - about 600_l._ _per annum_. Lieutenant General Stewart gave the ground - on which this church was erected, and some time after bequeathed to - this parish the sum of 4000_l._ towards erecting and endowing a - charity school in it. - -_St._ GEORGE’S _Middlesex_, situated on the north side of Ratcliff - Highway, is another of the churches occasioned by the increase of - buildings in a part of the town opposite to the former. The - Commissioners for erecting fifty new churches caused the foundation to - be laid in the year 1715, and the structure was finished in 1729. - - This is a massy structure, erected in a very singular taste. The floor - is raised a considerable height above the level of the ground; and to - the principal door, which is in the west front of the tower, is an - ascent by a double flight of steps, cut with a sweep, and defended by - a low wall of the same form; but what is most singular in this - structure, is, there are two turrets over the body of the church, and - one on the tower, which last is in the manner of a fortification, with - a staff on the top for an occasional flag. The author of _The Review - of the Public Buildings_ calls this edifice a mere Gothic heap of - stone, without form or order. - - The parish is taken out of that of Stepney; and by act of parliament - the hamlet of Wapping Stepney is appropriated to that purpose, and in - all respects rendered independent of Stepney parish. Towards the - maintenance of the Rector and his successors, the parliament gave the - sum of 3000_l._ to be laid out in the purchase of lands, tenements, - &c. in fee simple; and as a farther provision, the churchwardens are - annually to pay him the sum of 100_l._ to be raised by burial fees. - The advowson of this rectory, like that of Stepney, is in the - Principal and Scholars of King’s hall, and Brazen nose college, - Oxford. - -_St._ GEORGE’S _Queen square_, also arose from the increase of - buildings. Several gentlemen at the extremity of the parish of St. - Andrew’s Holborn, having proposed the erecting of a chapel for - religious worship, Sir Streynsham Master, and fourteen of the other - neighbouring gentlemen, were appointed trustees for the management of - this affair. These gentlemen in the year 1705, agreed with Mr. Tooley - to give him 3500_l._ for erecting a chapel and two houses, intending - to reimburse themselves by the sale of pews; and this edifice being - finished the next year, they settled annual stipends for the - maintenance of a chaplain, an afternoon preacher who was also reader, - and a clerk, giving to the first and second a salary of 100_l._ each, - and to the last 50_l._ But the Commissioners for erecting fifty new - churches resolving to make this one of them, purchased it, caused a - certain district to be appointed for its parish, and had it - consecrated in the year 1723, when it was dedicated to St. George in - compliment to Sir Streynsham Master, who had been Governor of Fort St. - George in the East Indies. _Maitland._ - - This church is a plain common building void of all elegance; it is - however convenient and well enlightened. The rectory, like that of St. - Andrew’s, is in the Duke of Montague’s gift. - -_St._ GEORGE’S _Southwark_, is situated at the south east corner of St. - Margaret’s hill. There was a church in this place before the year - 1122, which in 1629, was repaired and beautified within. This edifice - was preserved by its situation, from the dreadful conflagration in - 1666; but the decays of age rendered it necessary to take it down in - 1734, when the present church was begun, and finished in 1736. - - To this church there is an ascent by a flight of steps, defended by - plain iron rails. The door case, which is Ionic, has a circular - pediment, ornamented with the heads of Cherubims in clouds; and on - each side of this pediment, which reaches to the height of the roof, - the front is adorned with a ballustrade and vases. From this part the - tower rises plain, strengthened with rustic quoins, as is the body of - the building, and on the corners of the tower are again placed vases. - From this part the diminution is too great; and from hence are raised - a series of Ionic columns supporting the base of the spire, which has - ribs on the angles, and openings in all the faces. The top is crowned - with a ball from which rises the vane. - - This church is a rectory in the gift of the Crown; the profits of - which to the Incumbent amount to about 220_l._ a year. _English - Architect._ _Maitland._ - -_St._ GEORGE’S HOSPITAL, near Hyde Park Corner. This undertaking was set - on foot soon after Michaelmas 1733, by some gentlemen who were before - concerned in a charity of the like kind in the lower part of - Westminster. This house they judged convenient for their purpose, on - account of its air, situation, and nearness to town; they therefore - procured a lease of it, and opened a subscription for carrying on the - charity here, which increased so fast, that on the 19th of October - they were formed into a regular society, and actually began to receive - patients on the first of January following. - - Here are admitted the poor, sick, and lame, who are supplied with - advice, medicine, diet, washing, lodging, and some of the miserable - with cloaths also. The Physicians visit their patients on Mondays and - Fridays, and on all intermediate days whenever occasion requires; but - the Surgeon attends every day; and on every Friday morning there is a - general consultation of all the Physicians and Surgeons. No security - for the burial of the patients is required, nor any money, gift, or - reward taken of them or their friends, on any account whatsoever. - Those who die, if their friends are unable to bury them, are interred - at the charge of the society. And the money collected in the poor box - at the door, is kept as a separate fund for furnishing those with some - little sum of money, whose distance from their habitations, or other - particular necessities, require it. - - The apothecaries, who are Governors, are appointed to attend by - rotation as visitors, to see that the apothecary of the house takes - due care of the medicines and patients. Two visitors are chosen weekly - out of the subscribers, to attend daily, and take care, by examining - the provision and patients, that the orders of the society are - punctually observed, that the patients are treated in every respect - with order and tenderness, and to make a report in writing of their - observations. - - Prayers are read daily to the patients; a sermon is preached every - Sunday, the communion is administered every month, and the chaplain - attends at other times to catechize and perform other religious - offices, as often as their cases require; and when the patients are - discharged, religious tracts are given to each of them, for their - farther edification. - - A board of Governors meet every Wednesday morning, to do the current - business of the hospital, to receive and examine the reports of the - visitors, to discharge and admit patients, to receive the complaints - and proposals of all persons, and to prepare such matters as are - proper for the consideration of general boards. A general board of the - Governors meet regularly five times a year. - - The Governors are in number upwards of three hundred. No person - receiving salary, fee, or reward from the hospital, is capable of - being a Governor; but every other gentleman subscribing 5_l._ a year, - or upwards, or giving one benefaction of 50_l._ although he be not an - annual subscriber, is thereupon put in nomination to be a Governor, - and at the first general court, which is held one month afterwards, is - accordingly ballotted for by the Governors. The subscriptions are - received by the Treasurers, at the weekly board, held every Wednesday - morning in the hospital. - - The other rules and regulations of this excellent hospital, are as - follow: - - I. No person is to be admitted a patient, except in cases of - accidents, without a note from a Governor or contributor, specifying - the name and place of abode of such patient, and that he or she is a - proper object of this charity. - - II. All recommendations are to be delivered every Wednesday morning, - by nine of the clock. - - III. In case any out-patients neglect coming two weeks successively on - the day and hour they are ordered to attend, such out-patients shall - be discharged for irregularity, except they have had leave from their - Physician. - - IV. No person discharged for irregularity is to be ever again admitted - into the hospital, upon any recommendation whatsoever. - - V. No patient is to be suffered to go out of the hospital without - leave in writing; and to avoid giving offence, no leave is to be given - to any patient to go into St. James’s Park, or the Green Park, called - Constitution hill, upon any pretence whatsoever. - - VI. No Governor, officer, or servant, must at any time presume, on - pain of expulsion, to take of any tradesman, patient, or other person, - any fee, reward, or gratification of any kind, directly, or - indirectly, for any service done, or to be done, on account of this - hospital. - - VII. No person subscribing less than two guineas a year, can recommend - more than two in-patients in the year. - - VIII. When there is not room for all the patients recommended at one - time to be received into the hospital, those are taken in whose - admission the board are of opinion, will most effectually answer the - end of the charity; and the rest, if proper objects, are admitted - out-patients, till there is room for them in the hospital. Most - consumptive and asthmatic cases are more capable of relief as - out-patients, than as in-patients. - - By this noble foundation, there have been discharged from the - hospital, since its first receiving of patients on the first of - January 1733, to the 27th of December 1752, 60,188. Those in the house - on the 27th of December 1752, amounted to 273. The out-patients in the - books at the same time were 645, which in all made 61,106. _From the - account published by the General Board._ - - This hospital enjoys a fine situation, and has all the benefit of a - clear and pure air: it has the advantage of being a very neat, though - not an expensive building; and though it is extremely plain, it is not - void of ornament. It has two small wings, and a large front, with only - one door, which is in the middle, and to which there is an ascent by a - few steps. On the top of this part of the building is a pediment - raised above the rest of the edifice, and under this ornament is a - stone with an inscription, expressing the noble use to which this - structure is applied. - -_St._ GEORGE’S _court_, Newington causeway. - -GEORGE _stairs_, 1. Deptford.* 2. Shad Thames.* - -GEORGE _street_, 1. Cambridge Heath.* 2. Foster lane, Cheapside.* 3. - Hanover square. 4. Little Chapel street. 5. In the Mint.* 6. Near - Tothill side. 7. Pall Mall. 8. Ratcliff highway. 9. Tyburn road. 10. - White row, Spitalfields.* 11. Windsor street. 12. York buildings. See - GREAT GEORGE _street_. - - Some of the new streets of this name, were thus denominated in honour - of King George I. and II. - - A list of the pictures belonging to General Guise, at his house in - George street, Hanover square. - - On the left hand of the staircase. - -A piece of architecture, rather large, adorned with many small figures - very graceful. The architecture, by Viviani. The figures, in his best - manner, by Sebastiano Ricci. - -Two heads in one picture, a little smaller than life. They exhibit two - caricaturas, by Spagnoletto. - -A portrait of some Spanish nobleman, half length, after the life, nobly - painted and well preserved, by Moriglio. - -A head with part of the shoulders, and it seems to be the portrait of - some great man. In his first manner, by Titiano. - -A picture, with many figures two feet high, representing Solomon’s - judgment. The invention, disposition, and colouring are equally - wonderful, by Pasqualini Romano, disciple of Andrea Sacchi. - -A representation of our Saviour on his doleful way to Calvary. The - figures almost as big as the life, by Andrea Mantegna. - - _Mantegna was Correggio’s master, and this picture was in the - collection of King Charles the First._ - -The rape of the Sabines. A picture of great merit both for invention and - colouring, the author unknown. - -A figure as big as the life, of particular beauty, exhibiting St. Jerome - fervently praying, by Domenichino. - -A head with part of the shoulders, as big as the life. It is the - portrait, painted by himself, of Francesco Mola. - -A small sketch representing a sacrifice, with the temple of Diana. The - figures are many and wonderfully well disposed, by Pietro da Cortona. - - _It goes about in print._ - -A small sketch in light and shadow, with many figures representing a - Saint, ready to suffer martyrdom, drawn with great liveliness and - taste, by Ant. Vandyke. - -A small octagonal picture on a black stone, representing our Saviour - carried to the sepulchre, by Annibal Caracci. - -A picture containing several figures about three feet high, exhibiting - St. Laurence’s martyrdom, by Tintoretto. - -A landscape with figures one foot high, representing the martyrdom of - St. Peter Martir. The figures, by Agostino Caracci. The landscape, by - Gobbo de Caracci. - -A sketch representing a victorious Prince carried in triumph. The - figures are many, a foot and a half high, and many of them - allegorical, by Giordano d’Anversa. - -A large piece of architecture with figures. In his first manner, by - Nicol. Poussin. - -A picture, containing some half lengths a little bigger than the life, - exhibiting Faith that gives her sword to a General, by Pietro della - Vecchia. - -The portrait of a General, half length, a little bigger than the life. - It is believ’d to be a copy from Titian, by Luca Giordano. - -A figure very artfully foreshorten’d, representing our Saviour dead, as - big as the life, by Lodovico Caracci. - -A picture exhibiting a battle, full of figures about one foot high; and - one of the noblest performances of Bourgognone. - -Apollo and Marsyas. The figures about three feet high, by Sebastiano - Ricci. - - In the first and second rooms of the - ground floor. - -A large picture containing some half lengths as big as the life, and - representing the taking our Saviour in the garden, by Giacomo da - Bassano. - -A piece containing many half length figures as big as the life, - representing the prodigal son received by his father. A famous - performance of Guercino da Cento. - -Sophonisba dying with grief in the arms of her damsel on receiving - doleful news. The figures are half lengths as big as the life. A - celebrated piece, by Domenichino. - -Our Saviour known by the two disciples in the breaking of the bread. The - figures bigger than the life, by Lodovico Caracci. - -The flight into Egypt. The figures as big as the life. A noble work, by - Guido Reni. - -The heads of St. Andrew and St. Paul, bigger than the life. A valuable - performance, by Andrea Sacchi. - -St. Elizabeth with St. John when a babe, musing on a cross made of - reeds. The figures smaller than the life. A renowned piece, by - Leonardo da Vinci. - -Judith holding Holofernes’s head. A half length, very beautiful, by - Francesco Salviati. - -Our Saviour’s nativity. The figures a little more than one foot high, - finished with extreme diligence. A rare work, by Baldassare Peruzzi. - -Our Lady contemplating her babe. The figures about two feet and a half, - wonderfully well done after Correggio’s manner, by Francesco Mazzuoli, - commonly called Parmigianino. - -A half length, as big as the life, representing a naked woman, by - Titiano. - - _It is thought that this is the portrait of the woman that was - Titian’s model, when he drew the famous Venus now existing in the - room called_ La Tribuna, _in the Medicean gallery at Florence_. - -Our Saviour taken down from the cross. The figures a little more than - one foot high, by Daniele da Volterra. - - _This appears to be the sketch from which Daniel made the large - famous picture, that is now in one of the chapels of the church - called_ La Trinità de Monit, _at Rome_. - -An oval picture representing Medusa’s head, bigger than the life, - painted with astonishing expression, by Rubens. - -A holy family. The figures one foot high, compleatly finished, by Annib. - Caracci. - -Our Saviour crowned with thorns. The figures a foot and a half high. One - of the best works in his first manner, by Correggio. - -Our Lady with the two babes Jesus and John laying hold of a lamb, and - two angels devoutly looking on them, by Fran. Mazzuoli, called - Parmigianino. - - _It was formerly in Charles the First’s collection._ - -Socrates and Alcibiades. Half lengths of about a foot and a half, by - Giorgione da Castelfranco, who was Titiano’s master. - -A small picture representing our Lady’s assumption, and the apostles, by - Francesco Naldini. - - _This was the sketch of a celebrated picture now in Florence._ - -Our Saviour’s circumcision. An original sketch, by Polidoro da - Caravaggio. - -A picture in light and shadow, representing Diana and her nymphs in the - bath, changing Acteon into a stag. An original beautiful sketch. The - figures one foot high, by Nicolo dell’ Abate. - -A small sketch for a ceiling in light and shadow, by Correggio. - -Our Saviour’s supper, a small and most beautiful performance, by - Innocenzo da Imola. - - _Innocenzo was one of Raphael’s best disciples._ - -A Venetian history, by Paolo Veronese. - - _This is an original sketch of one of the large pictures painted by - Paolo in the_ Sala del Consiglio, _at Venice_. - -A boy’s head, as big as the life, by Annibal Caracci. - -Diana’s head, as big as the life, by Camillo Procaccini. - -St. Catharine, a foot and a half high. A celebrated and well preserved - performance, by Benvenuto da Garofolo. - -A landscape exhibiting the hunting of the hare, a beautiful work, by - Gobbo de Caracci. - -Adam and Eve driven out of paradise by the angel. The figures one foot - high. A famous and well preserved work, by the Cavaliere Giuseppe d’ - Arpino. - -The head of a woman smiling, smaller than the life, by Leonardo da - Vinci. - -A child’s head, smaller than the life, by Fra. Bartolomeo di San Marco. - -The pale of an altar with figures bigger than the life, representing St. - Lucy, - -St. John the Evangelist, St. Humphrey, and St. Francis. A famous - performance, by Correggio: except St. Humphrey’s figure, which having - been left unfinish’d by Correggio, was afterwards finished by - Spagnoletto. - -The family of the Caracci’s, represented in a butcher’s shop, and those - celebrated painters in butchers dresses. _Annibal_ is weighing some - meat to a Swiss of the Cardinal of Bologna’s guard. _Agostino_ is - shaking a nail and trying if it holds fast, that he may hang on it a - leg of mutton which he holds in his left hand. The _Gobbo_ is lifting - up half a calf to hang it on a beam, and _Lodovico_ stoops down - killing a sheep. The mother of them is represented as a servant-maid - that comes to buy some meat. The likenesses are traditionally said to - be wonderful; and the whole of this no less odd than beautiful picture - was the most celebrated performance of Annibal Caracci. - -Three half figures as big as the life, representing three ladies - diverting themselves with music, and a gentleman listening to them. In - all probability they were portraits, by Titiano. - -A sketch of one of the most capital pictures in Venice, and preserved - there in a church. It represents our blessed Lady with St. Peter and - St. Francis, and a Venetian General of the Capello’s family come back - victorious from a battle against the Turks, who offers the standard - and the trophies of his victory to the altar of our Lady. The whole - Capello family is exhibited in this picture. A celebrated work, by - Titiano. - -A landscape with figures. It represents part of the country near - Bologna, by Domenichino. - -A woman representing Simplicity, with a dove in her hand. A half length - as big as the life, by Francesco Furino. - -The good Samaritan. The figures are two feet high. A valuable picture, - by Sisto Badalocchi. - -Our Lady with her babe, about two feet high, painted much after - Correggio’s manner, by Sebastian Ricci. - -The head of a youth, a little smaller than the life, by Raphael. - -Two small pictures, exhibiting two different martyrdoms of two saints, - by Giacomo del Po. - -A small sketch, by Ciro Ferri, a disciple of Pietro da Cortona. - -A picture exhibiting our Saviour’s nativity. The devotion and maternal - affection of our blessed Lady looking on her babe, is prodigiously - well expressed. St. Joseph stands admiring the compunction of two - shepherds contrasted by another that takes care of the ass. Of two - other shepherds, placed at some distance, one holds a light in his - hand and shows the other the manger, expressing a pious wonder. - Further off there is a most beautiful angel in the clouds proclaiming - the birth of our Saviour to the other shepherds. No picture ever - surpassed this most elaborate performance of Titiano. - - _It was one of King Charles the First’s collection; and there are two - prints of it, an ancient one in wood, the other in copper-plate._ - -Another nativity, painted likewise with his usual delicacy and noble - expression, by the same Titiano. - -Our Lady with her babe in her arms, near as big as the life, standing on - the clouds, supported and attended by cherubs and angels. Under it - there is a sight of the town of Bologna, and adjacent villages, all - painted in his best manner, by Annibal Caracci. - -Susan tempted by the two old men, boldly and vigorously painted as big - as the life, by Agostino Caracci. - -The slaughter of the innocents, containing nineteen figures as big as - the life. A master-piece both for composition and colouring, by - Valerio Castelli. - -Two children bigger than the life, representing holy Love the conqueror - of profane Love; one of the best performances in his first manner, by - Guido Reni. - -A lively figure of an Italian buffoon, drinking merrily, an half figure, - as big as the life, by Annibal Caracci. - -The portrait of some Nobleman, a little more than a half length, by - Francesco Torbido, commonly called, il Moro Veronese. - - _This painter was much admired by Titian himself._ - -A nativity of our Saviour. The figures about one foot high. The effect - of the light that shines out of the babe, and irradiates the whole - picture, is astonishing. This is a celebrated piece, by Cavalier - Cavedone. - -A head as big as the life, representing our Saviour, painted in a bold - manner, by Agostino Caracci. - -Apollo in the attitude of slaying Marsyas. The figures about two feet - high, by Andrea Sacchi. - -Two small pictures, the one representing a mountebank drawing a tooth to - a clown, surrounded by many spectators; the other exhibiting many - people playing at balls upon the ground. Tho’ both these pictures are - copious in figures, yet there is none of them but has some posture or - meaning most lively and naturally expressed, by Michelangelo delle - Battaglie. - -A small picture, containing our Lady and her babe, St. Joseph, and St. - Catharine, half figures, finely painted, by Bartolomeo Schidone. - -A small picture, representing an angel that contemplates with a most - afflicted look one of the nails with which our Saviour was crucified, - holding it up in his hand, by Correggio. - -A most beautiful sketch, representing our Saviour laid in the sepulchre, - with the Virgin who has swooned and is supported by the three Marys, - by Giacomo da Bassano. - -Four small pictures, containing some figures two feet high, most - masterly painted, by Francesco Mazzuoli, called il Parmigianino. - -A small picture with many figures, representing our Saviour shewn to the - people by Pilate. A noble performance, by Federigo Barocci. - -A small picture, representing our Saviour appearing to Mary Magdalen in - the gardener’s form, by Raphael’s master Pietro Perugino. - -The infant Jesus and St. John embracing. An excellent performance and - well preserved, by Raphael. Three heads in water colours, bigger than - the life, by Raphael. - -A head of Joseph of Arimathea, as big as the life, by Federigo Barocci. - - Pictures in the rooms of the first floor. - -A half length, a little smaller than the life, representing St. - Catharine. A rare ancient picture, by Vettori Carpacio. - -Our Lady with her babe and St. John. The proportion of the figures two - feet high. An incomparable performance of Andrea del Sarto. - -A small picture representing a father with his two children praying, by - Giovanni Holbens. - -A Nativity of our Saviour, containing eighteen figures two feet high. - The posture of our Lady that offers her breast to her babe, and that - of the babe itself, are most graceful; St. Joseph with them completes - one of the best groups that the art of painting ever produced; and - equally graceful is another group of three angels playing upon musical - instruments. Two other angels descend from heaven in an attitude of - adoration. Many more beautiful attitudes of devotion are those of the - shepherds, that fill up the left side of this astonishing performance - of the immortal Raphael. - - _There are two fine prints of this picture._ - -Our Lady with her babe, St. Catharine and St. Francis. The proportion of - the figures two feet. An excellent and well preserved performance of - Paolo Veronese. - -The view of a noble temple, our Saviour coming out of it, meets with - Magdalen, who is by him converted in the presence of some other women. - An excellent and well preserved performance, done in his first manner, - by Andrea del Sarto. - -Two half lengths as big as the life of two women, one the mistress, the - other her maid. The mistress was probably a portrait. She holds the - looking glass with one hand, and with the other adjusts her head, - listening to the maid that speaks to her. This is one of the best - works of Domenichino. - -Our Lady with her babe, the Magdalen, St. John, and St. Jerome. The - figures are about three feet high, painted with the greatest - gracefulness, by Francesco Mauzzoli, called il Parmigianino. - -A Cupid drawn by two doves in a golden carr, and two other Cupids - playing about him encircled by a flower garland. A picture extremely - well preserved, as well as masterly done by Domenichino. - -A copy of the famous nativity known under the name of _Correggio’s - night_; the figures two feet high, by Carlo Cignani. - -Diana in the bath converting Acteon into a stag, with her nymphs about - her. An elegant composition nobly coloured, the figures a foot and a - half, by Tintoretto. - -The communion of the Apostles, the figures a little above two feet. - There is a kindled lamp in this picture, which has a striking effect, - and the whole is painted with great vigour, by Tintoretto. - -St. John preaching in the desart, beautified with many well-disposed - figures, by Gobbo de Caracci. - -The fable of Erictonius delivered to the nymphs to be educated. Their - fear and wonder in spying the boy’s serpentine feet, and their - different attitudes, are most beautifully expressed. Each figure is - about half the bigness of nature, and painted with great spirit, by - Salvator Rosa. - -A landscape, exhibiting Moses delivering from the snares of the - shepherds, the daughters of Reuel the Priest of Midian, that came, to - give drink to their cattle, by Domenichino. - -Another small landscape, exhibiting some fishermen, and women washing - linen, by the same Domenichino. - -A youth little less than the life, that plays upon the guitar, with a - boy behind that listens with pleasure to him. By the celebrated - Spanish disciple of Titian, Fernandos. - -A half length, representing our Lord tempted in the desart, by Titiano. - -Two most beautiful Cherubs heads as big as the life, by Domenichino. - -A St. John’s head with a lamb, as big as the life, in his best manner, - by Guercino da Cento. - -Marsyas and Apollo, with Mydas that sits as their judge. The figures - about a foot high. A fine performance both for invention and - colouring, by Andrea Schiavone. - -A copy of the famous _Correggio’s Cupid_ as big as the life, by Annibal - Caracci. - -An Ecce Homo, as big as the life, painted with great force of expression - by Lodovico Caracci. - -Our Lord laid in the sepulchre, the figures a little more than a foot, - another noble work of Lodovico Caracci. - -St. Francis in a vision supported by Angels. The proportion of the - figures about two feet high, admirably well painted, by Annibal - Caracci. - -A little landscape, adorned with some pretty little figures, and it - looks as if painted after nature, by Gobbo de’ Caracci. - -A Venus and Cupid as big as the life. An astonishing performance, by - Titiano. - -A copy of one of the celebrated pictures of Raphael in the Roman - Vatican. This represents an achievement of the Emperor Constantine. - This copy appears to be the work of some great painter of the - Florentine school, being done in the most masterly manner. - - Second floor. - -A choir of Angels playing on several musical instruments, their - proportion about a foot and a half. God the Father supported by three - Cherubs, by Guido Reni. - -_This is thought to be the original sketch of a picture done in fresco - by Guido, in St. Gregory’s church at Rome._ - -The martyrdom of St. Erasmus, the figures about two feet high. This is - the original sketch of the famous picture preserved in St. Peter’s at - Rome, by Nicolo Poussin. - -Two pictures adorned with many beautiful figures, whose proportion is - about two feet. One represents the age of iron, the other the age of - copper; and they are the original models of the two pictures in - fresco, that are in the palace of Pitti at Florence, by Pietro da - Cortona. - -The original sketch of one of the ceilings painted in the Barberini’s - palace at Rome, by Pietro da Cortona. - - _It represents many allegorical figures._ - -A half length portrait as big as nature. The figure has a letter in one - hand, by Lodovico Caracci. - -The portrait of Maria Robusti; a half length as big as nature, by Paris - Bourdon. - -The picture of a woman as big as life, half length, by Giorgione da - Castelfranco. - -A head with part of the shoulders, representing a Greek merchant, as big - as the life, by Michael Angelo da Caravaggio. - -Our Lady with her babe, and St. John; the figures near as big as the - life. An excellent performance, by Titiano. - -A half length with the hands, representing Diogenes the Cynic; masterly - done by Spagnoletto. - -A half length portrait of himself, by Tintoretto. - -A portrait down to the knee, of the celebrated Naugerius, as big as the - life, by Tintoretto. - -The nativity of our Saviour, enriched with many beautiful figures about - one foot high, by Francesco Zuccarelli. - -A carton in water colours representing the holy family. The figures near - as big as the life, by Andrea del Sarto. - -An Emperor on horseback, the horse white, the proportion about two feet; - a bold and noble work of Giulio Romano. - - _It was once in King Charles the First’s collection._ - -A finished sketch of King Charles the First’s white horse, its - proportion about two feet, by Vandyke. - -The slaughter of the Innocents, and Herod on a throne commanding it, by - Bourgognone. - -Ariadne abandoned by Theseus, a naked figure as big as the life, by - Francesco Furino. - -GEORGE _yard_, 1. Beer lane, Tower street.* 2. Bow lane.* 3. Bishopsgate - street.* 4. Cable street.* 5. Dean street, Soho.* 6. Dorset garden, - Fleet street.* 7. Duke street, Grosvenor square.* 8. Fore street, - Lambeth.* 9. Golden lane.* 10. High Holborn.* 11. Hog lane, St. - Giles’s pound.* 12. Islington.* 13. Kent street, Southwark.* 14. - Little Britain.* 15. Little Tower hill.* 16. Gracechurch street, - Lombard street.* 17. Long Acre.* 18. Old street.* 19. Plough yard, - Broadway.* 20. Redcross street, Southwark.* 21. Saffron hill.* 22. - Seacoal lane, Snow hill.* 23. Thames str.* 24. Tower hill.* 25. - Turnmill street.* 26. Whitechapel.* - -GEORGIA OFFICE, lately under the government of the Trustees for settling - the colony of Georgia, is now united to the Office of Trade and - Plantations, and kept in the Treasury. - -GERRARD’S HALL, on the south side of Basing lane, a large and very old - house built upon stone arches, supported by sixteen pillars, called - Gerard’s Hall from a giant of that name, which it is ridiculously - supposed lived there. In the high roofed hall stood for some time a - large fir pole, which it is pretended Gerard the giant used to run - with in the wars, and a ladder of the same length, said to be made in - order to ascend to the top of the staff. Stow justly supposes that - these circumstances are fabulous, and observes that John Gisors, Mayor - of London, was the owner of this edifice in the year 1245, and that it - was a long time possessed by others of the same name and family; - whence he with great probability concludes, that Gisor’s Hall was by - corruption called Gerard’s Hall. _Maitl._ - -GERMAN’S _yard_, Stepney rents, Shoreditch. - -GERRARD’S _court_, Little Bell alley.† - -GERRARD _street_, Prince’s street, Soho.† - -GERRARD’S CROSS, a village in Buckinghamshire, situated about 28 miles - from London, between Uxbridge and Beconsfield. Here is a charity - school built and endowed by the late Duke of Portland, for 20 boys and - 15 girls, who are taught and cloathed, and two of the children put out - apprentices every year. Near this place is also a fine seat of the - Duke of Portland. - -GIBRALTER, Shoreditch. - -GIBSON’S _Almshouse_ and _School_, at Ratcliff, were founded by Nicholas - Gibson, Esq; in the year 1537, for fourteen poor widows, seven of whom - to be of Stepney parish, and the other seven of the Coopers company. - The pensioners to have 1_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._ a year each; the - school-master a salary of 10_l._ and an usher 6_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._ a - year. But the estate with which this foundation is endowed being - vastly improved, the Coopers company, who are his trustees, have - lately increased the pensions to 5_l._ and 30 bushels of coals _per - annum_, with a bounty of 10_s._ to each at Christmas; and the - schoolmaster’s salary is also advanced to 23_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._ and the - usher’s to 9_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._ _Maitland._ - -GIBSON’S _court_, 1. Marybon street.† 2. Narrow wall.† - -GIDDY HALL, at the farther end of Rumford in Essex, a very fine mansion - house erected by the late Sir John Eyles, Lord Mayor of London. - -GILBERT’S _court_, Monkwell street.† - -GILBERT’S _passage_, Clare market.† - -GILBERT’S _street_, Bloomsbury.† - -_St._ GILES’S _Cripplegate_, at the east end of Redcross street, without - the walls of London, is so denominated from its dedication to St. - Giles, a Grecian and citizen of Athens, in the year 700, and from the - neighbouring gate. A church was built in this place in the year 1030, - which was destroyed by the fire of London in the year 1545; but the - edifice erected in its room escaping the dreadful conflagration in - 1666, is still standing, and is likely to continue so a long time. - - This Gothic structure is 114 feet in length, 63 in breadth, 32 in - height, and the tower with its turret 122 feet high. This tower is not - gross in proportion to its height; and the turret on the top is light - and open. - - This church is a vicarage, the patronage of which is in the Dean and - Chapter of St. Paul’s, and it is constituted a prebend of that - cathedral by the name of Mora. The Vicar receives about 360_l._ a year - by tithes. - - In this church are many tombs, and here lies the body of the - incomparable John Milton, the author of _Paradise Lost_. - -_St._ GILES’S _in the Fields_, on the south side of St. Giles’s street, - is so named to distinguish it from St. Giles’s Cripplegate. The place - in which it stands was formerly a village of the same name as the - church, which was standing so early as the year 1222, tho’ it was not - made parochial till 1547. The little edifice for divine worship being - taken down in the year 1623, a church of brick was erected in its - room; but the ground in its neighbourhood being gradually raised to - the height of eight feet higher than the floor, it became very damp - and unwholesome. Upon this the inhabitants, by consent of parliament, - had it rebuilt, the sum of 8000_l._ being granted for that purpose. - The present structure is built in a very substantial manner, as indeed - all churches should for the sake of duration. The old fabric was taken - down in 1730, and the new one erected in two years and a half. - - The church and steeple are built with Portland stone. The area of the - church within the walls is sixty feet wide, and seventy-five feet in - length, exclusive of the recess for the altar. The roof is supported - with Ionic pillars of Portland stone, on stone piers, and is vaulted - underneath. The outside of the church has a rustic basement, and the - windows of the galleries have semicircular heads, over which is a - modillion cornice. The steeple is 165 feet high, and consists of a - rustic pedestal, supporting a Doric order of pilasters, and over the - clock is an octangular tower with three quarter Ionic columns - supporting a balustrade with vases, on which stands the spire, which - is also octangular and belted. - - In 1758 the organ was repaired; and in 1759, two magnificent - chandeliers were hung up, each containing thirty-six lights. - - “The new church of St. Giles’s, says the author of _The Review - of the Public Buildings_, is one of the most simple and - elegant of the modern structures: it is raised at a very - little expence, has very few ornaments, and little beside the - propriety of its parts, and the harmony of the whole, to - excite attention, and challenge applause: yet still it - pleases, and justly too; the east end is both plain and - majestic, and there is nothing in the west to object to, but - the smallness of the doors, and the poverty of appearance that - must necessarily follow. The steeple is light, airy, and - genteel, argues a good deal of genius in the architect, and - looks very well both in comparison with the body of the - church, and when ’tis considered as a building by itself, in a - distant prospect. Yet after all I have confessed in favour of - this edifice, I can’t help arraigning the superstition of - situating churches due east and west; for in complaisance to - this custom, the building before us has lost a great advantage - it might have otherwise enjoyed; I mean, the making the east - end the front, and placing it in such a manner as to have - ended the vista of what is called Broad St. Giles’s; whereas - now it is no where to be seen with ease to the eye, or so as - justly to comprehend the symmetry and connection of the - whole.” - - There is a marble monument on the outside of the north isle to the - memory of Hugh Merchant, Gent. who died on the 17th of January, 1714, - with this inscription: - - When, by inclemency of air, - These golden letters disappear, - And Time’s old cankered teeth have shown - Their malice on this marble stone, - Virtue and Art shall write his name - In annals, and consign his fame - To monuments more lasting far, - Than marble stones, or golden letters are. - - The expence of erecting this church amounted to 10,026_l._ 15_s._ - 9_d._ It is a rectory in the gift of the Crown. - -GILHAM’S _court_, Rotherhith Wall.† - -GILHAM’S _rents_, the Folly, Dock head.† - -GILTSPUR _street_, without Newgate.* - -GINGERBREAD _alley_, 1. Holiwell lane. 2. Old Change, Cheapside. - -GINGERBREAD _court_, 1. Lamb alley, Bishopsgate street. 2. Old Change. - -GIRDLERS, a company incorporated by letters patent granted by Henry VI. - in the year 1449, and confirmed by Queen Elizabeth in 1568, when the - Pinners and Wiredrawers were incorporated with them. - - This fraternity consists of a Master, three Wardens, twenty-four - Assistants, and seventy-seven Liverymen, who upon their admission pay - a fine of 10_l._ They have a convenient hall in Basinghall street. - -GLASSENBURY _court_, Rose street, Covent Garden. - -GLASSHOUSE _alley_, White Friars.☐ - -GLASSHOUSE _fields_, Cock hill, Ratcliff.☐ - -GLASSHOUSE _hill_, Well street.☐ - -GLASSHOUSE LIBERTY, a part of the parish of St. Botolph Aldersgate - street, situated in Goswell and Pickax streets, thus named from a - glasshouse which anciently stood there. There was formerly but one - government in the parish; but the poor of this liberty increasing - considerably, the city liberty ungenerously separated from them, and - obliged those in this district to maintain their own poor. - -GLASSHOUSE _street_, Swallow street.☐ - -GLASSHOUSE _yard_, 1. Black Friars.† 2. Goodman’s fields.☐ 3. Old Barge - stairs.☐ 4. Old Bethlem.☐ 5. Pickax street.☐ 6. Red Maid lane.☐ 7. - Upper Ground.☐ 8. Well street.☐ 9. White Friars.☐ 10. White’s yard.☐ - 11. Willow street.☐ - -GLASS SELLERS, a company that were incorporated with the Looking-glass - makers by letters patent granted by King Charles II. in the year 1664, - by the title of _The Master, Wardens, Assistants and Commonalty of - Glass sellers of the city of London_. - - This fraternity is governed by a Master, two Wardens, twenty-four - Assistants, and forty-four Liverymen, who on their admission pay a - fine of 5_l._ But they have no hall. _Maitland._ - -GLASS _yard_, Cut-throat lane. - -GLAZIERS, a company incorporated with that of the glass painters, by a - charter granted by Charles I. in the year 1637. - - They consist of a Master, two Wardens, twenty-one Assistants, and - ninety-one Liverymen, whose fine is 3_l._ Their hall being consumed in - the fire of London, has never yet been rebuilt. _Maitland._ - -GLAZIER’S _rents_, Fore street, Limehouse. - -GLEAN _alley_, Tooley street. - -GLOBE _alley_, 1. Deadman’s Place.* 2. Fish street hill.* 3. Narrow - street, Limehouse.* 4. Quaker street.* 5. In the Strand.* 6. Wapping.* - -GLOBE _court_, 1. Seven Stars alley.* 2. Sheer lane.* 3. Shoe lane.* - -GLOBE _island_, Rotherhith. - -GLOBE _lane_, Mile-end road.* - -GLOBE _stairs_, Rotherhith.* - -GLOBE _stairs alley_, 1. Jamaica street.* 2. Rotherhith.* - -GLOBE _yard_, 1. New Fish street hill.* 2. Old Bethlem.* 3. Schoolhouse - lane, Ratcliff.* 4. Wapping.* - -GLOUCESTER _court_, 1. Beer lane. 2. Black Friars. 3. St. James’s - street. 4. Whitecross street, Cripplegate. - -GLOUCESTER _street_, 1. Liquorpond street. 2. Queen’s square, - Bloomsbury. - -GLOVERS, a company incorporated by letters patent granted by King - Charles I. in the year 1638. - - This company is governed by a Master, four Wardens, thirty Assistants, - and a livery of 130 members, who upon their admission pay a fine of - 5_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._ They have a hall in Beech lane. - -GLOVERS _court_, Beech lane.☐ - -GLOVERS _yard_, Beech lane.☐ - -GOAT _alley_, 1. St. Catharine’s lane.* 2. Ludgate hill.* 3. Upper - Ground, Southwark.* 4. Whitecross str. Cripplegate.* - -GOAT INN _yard_, St. Margaret’s hill.* - -GOAT’S HEAD _alley_, Skinners street.* - -GOAT _stairs_, Bank side.* - -GOAT _yard_, 1. Free school street, Horselydown.* 2. In the Maze, Tooley - street.* 3. Whitecross street, by Old street.* - -GOAT _yard passage_, Horselydown.* - -GOATHAM _alley_, Shoreditch.‖ - -GOBB’S _alley_, Grey Eagle street.† - -GOBIONS. See GUBBINS. - -GODDARD’S _rents_, 1. Holiwell street.† 2. Wheeler street.† - -GODLIMAN’S _street_, 1. Little Carter lane.† St. Paul’s Chain.† - -GODFREY’S _court_, Milk street, Cheapside.† - -GODWEL _stairs_, near Limehouse.† - -GOLD AND SILVER WIREDRAWERS, a company incorporated by letters patent - granted by K. James I. in the year 1623. - - This fraternity is governed by a Master, two Wardens, and eighteen - Assistants, but has neither livery nor hall. - -GOLDBY’S _rents_, Golden lane.† - -GOLDEN ANCHOR _alley_, Old street.* - -GOLDEN BALL _court_, Great Wild street.* - -GOLDEN CROSS _court_, Cateaton street.* - -GOLDEN FLEECE _yard_, Tothill street.* - -GOLDEN KEY _court_, 1. Basinghall Postern.* 2. Fore street.* - -GOLDEN _lane_, Barbican. - -GOLDEN LEG _court_, Cheapside.* - -GOLDEN LION _alley_, Long ditch, Westminster.* - -GOLDEN LION _court_, 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. By St. George’s church, - Southwark.* - -GOLDEN _square_, near Great Windmill street, a very neat but small - square, containing about two acres. A large space on the inside - adorned with grass plats and gravel walks, was till lately surrounded - with wooden rails; but these have been removed, and handsome iron ones - placed in their room. - -GOLD’S _hill_, Dean street. - -GOLDSMITHS, one of the twelve principal companies, is of great - antiquity; for in the reign of Henry II. in the year 1180, it was - among other guilds, fined for being adulterine, that is, setting up - without the King’s special licence. But at length, in 1327, Edward - III. in consideration of the sum of ten marks, incorporated this - company by letters patent, and granted the Goldsmiths the privilege of - purchasing an estate of 20_l._ _per annum_ in mortmain, for the - support of their valetudinary members, which in the year 1394, was - confirmed by Richard II. for the sum of twenty marks. These grants - were afterwards confirmed by Edward IV. in the year 1462, who also - constituted this society a body politic and corporate, to have - perpetual succession, and a common seal. They had now likewise the - privilege of inspecting, trying, and regulating all gold and silver - wares, not only in this city, but in all other parts of the kingdom; - with the power of punishing all offenders concerned in working - adulterated gold and silver, and the power of making by-laws for their - better government. - - This fraternity is governed by a Prime, three other Wardens, and - ninety-eight Assistants; with a livery of 198 members, who upon their - admission pay a fine of 20_l._ - -GOLDSMITHS HALL, a spacious building in Foster lane, Cheapside, was - originally built by Drew Barentin, about the year 1407, but was - destroyed by the fire in 1666, and the present edifice arose in its - place. It is an irregular structure built with brick, and the corners - wrought in rustic of stone. The door is large, arched, and decorated - with Doric columns, which support a pediment of the arched kind, but - open for a shield, in which are the arms of the company. The hall room - is spacious, and both that and the other rooms well enlightened. - - In this hall are, among others, the pictures of Sir Martin Bowers, and - Sir Hugh Middleton, both of this company, and great benefactors to it. - They both enjoyed the office of Lord Mayor of London. The latter is - worthy of immortal honour, for bringing the New River water to the - city: out of the rents of which he gave 30_l._ a year to this company, - which is now worth near the annual revenue of 300_l._ They have also a - very great estate, and apply above 1000_l._ a year to charitable uses. - - By an act passed in the 12th year of the reign of his present Majesty - George II. it is ordered that no goldsmith, silversmith, or other - person dealing in gold or silver wares, shall make any gold vessel, - plate, or manufacture, of less fineness than 22 carats of fine gold in - every pound troy weight; nor any of silver, of less fineness than 11 - ounces, two pennyweights, of fine silver in every pound troy. And that - no goldsmith, silversmith, or other dealer in gold or silver wares, - shall sell, exchange, or expose to sale, any gold or silver plate, or - export the same, without its being marked with the first letters of - the christian and surname of the maker, and, if in London, with the - marks of the Goldsmiths company, namely, the leopard’s head, the lion - passant, and a distinct variable mark, denoting the year in which such - plate was made; or with the mark of the worker, and the marks - appointed to be used by the assayers of York, Exeter, Bristol, - Chester, Norwich, or Newcastle upon Tyne; on the penalty of forfeiting - 10_l._ for every omission. The forging of the company’s marks, exposes - the maker to the penalty of 100_l._ or two years imprisonment. - However, such pieces of gold or silver, as are either too small or too - thin to receive the marks, and do not weigh ten pennyweights of gold - or silver each, are not to be stamped. The price of assaying is fixed - by the Wardens of the company. - -GOLDSMITH’S _alley_, 1. Jewin street.† 2. Lukener’s lane, Drury lane.† - -GOLDSMITH’S _court_, 1. Goldsmith’s alley, Jewin street.† 2. New - street.† - -GOLDSMITH’S _rents_, East Smithfield.† - -GOLDSMITH’S _street_, 1. Crucifix lane, Barnaby street, Southwark.† 2. - Wood street, Cheapside. - -GOLD’S _square_, Golston street, Whitechapel.† See GOULD’S _square_. - -GOLD _street_, 1. Near New Gravel lane. 2. Wood street, Cheapside. - -GOLSTON’S _court_, Drury lane.† - -GONSON’S _rents_, Bluegate fields, Upper Shadwell.† - -GOODCHILD’S _alley_, Market street, Westminster. - -GOODMAN’S _fields_, a considerable piece of ground lying behind the - houses on the south side of Whitechapel, the east side of the - Minories, and the north side of Rosemary lane. Mr. Stow observes, that - in his time, this was a large field and farm kept by one Goodman, - whose son afterwards let it out, and lived like a gentleman upon the - rent it produced: and it still retains the same name, though it has - now no appearance of a field. It principally consists of four handsome - streets, inhabited by merchants, and other persons in affluent - circumstances: these streets are on the four sides, and in the center - is a tenter ground, which being surrounded by the houses, is excluded - from public view. About fifteen years ago there was a very neat but - small play house in one of these streets, and in this theatre Mr. - Garrick first distinguished himself as an actor. - -GOODMAN’S _wharf_, St. Catharine’s.† - -GOODMAN’S _yard_, In the Minories, leading into Goodman’s fields.† - -GOOD’S _rents_, In the Minories.† - -GOODWIN’S _court_, 1. Oxford street.† 2. St. Martin’s lane, Chancery - lane.† 3. Noble street.† - -GOODYEAR’S _rents_, Wapping.† - -GOOSE _alley_, 1. Bow Church yard, Cheapside.* 2. Fleet Ditch.* - -GOOSETREE’S _yard_, Peter street, Westminster.† - -GORHAMBURY, a little to the west of St. Alban’s, was formerly the - paternal estate of the great Francis Bacon, Lord Verulam, and Viscount - of St. Alban’s, and is now the seat of the Lord Viscount Grimston. - -GOSLING’S _rents_, Swordbearer’s alley, Chiswell street.† - -GOSSIPS _rents_, Tooley street.‖ - -GOSSIPS _row_, Glean alley, Tooley street.‖ - -GOSWELL _street_, extends in a line from the corner of Barbican, where - Aldersgate street ends, to Mount Mill. - -GOUGH’S _square_, near Fleet street; a very small oblong square, with a - row on each side of handsome buildings.† - -GOUGH’S _yard_, Back street, Lambeth.† - -GOULD’S _court_, Woodrofe lane.† - -GOULD’S _square_, Woodrofe lane.† - -GOULSTON’S _square_, Whitechapel.† - -GRACECHURCH _street_, Cornhill, was originally called Grass church - street, from a grass or herb market, near Allhallows Lombard street, - which from that market was called Grass church. _Stow._ - -GRACE _court_, Fenchurch street. - -GRACE’S _alley_, Well street, Wellclose square. - -GRAFTON _buildings_, Long lane. - -GRAFTON _street_, Soho. - -GRAHAM’S _Almshouse_, in Hog lane, Soho, was founded in the year 1686, - by Mrs. Graham, for four decayed Clergymen’s widows, their maiden - daughters, or other gentlewomen, each of whom has a handsome - apartment, and 10_l._ _per annum_; and for fuel and a servant to - attend them all, the additional sum of 10_l._ a year. - -GRANGE, Near the King’s road. - -GRANGE _court_, Carey street, Lincoln’s Inn fields. - -GRANGE _lane_, Bermondsey. - -GRANGE _road_, Bermondsey. - -GRANGE _street_, Chapel street, in Red Lion street, Holborn. - -GRANGE _walk_, King John’s court, Bermondsey. - -GRANGE _yard_, Bermondsey fields. - -GRANGER’S _rents_, Near Barbican.† - -GRAPE _street_, By Little Moorfields. - -GRASSCHURCH _street_, Cornhill; now generally called and spelt - Gracechurch street. - -GRASSHOPPER _alley_, 1. Fore street.* 2. Whitecross street.* - -GRASSHOPPER _court_, Charterhouse street.* - -GRAVEL _court_, Old Gravel lane.* - -GRAVEL _lane_, 1. Near the Falcon stairs. 2. Houndsditch. - -GRAVEL _street_, Brook street, Holborn. - -GRAVEL _walk_, 1. Blue Anchor alley. 2. Collingwood street. - -GRAVE’S _dock_, Fore street, Limehouse.† - -GRAVE’S _wharf_, near Fishmongers hall, Thames street.† - -GRAVESEND, a town in Kent, twenty-two miles from London, situated on the - Thames, opposite to Tilbury Fort, about six miles east from Dartford, - and about the same distance from Rochester. In the reign of Richard - II. the French and Spaniards sailed up the Thames to this town, and - having plundered and burnt it, carried away most of the inhabitants. - To enable the town to recover this loss, the Abbot of St. Mary le - Grace on Tower hill, to whom King Richard II. had granted a manor - belonging to Gravesend, obtained that the inhabitants of Gravesend and - Milton should have the sole privilege of carrying passengers by water - from hence to London, at 2_d._ a head, or 4_s._ the whole fare; but - the fare is now raised to 9_d._ a head in the tilt boat, and 1_s._ in - the wherry. The former must not take in above forty passengers, and - the latter no more than ten. The Watermens company are by act of - parliament obliged to provide officers at Billingsgate and at - Gravesend, who at every time of high water by night and day, are at - their respective places to ring publicly a bell set up for that - purpose, for fifteen minutes, to give notice to the tilt boats and - wherries to put off; and coaches ply at Gravesend at the landing of - people from London to carry them to Rochester. King Henry VIII. raised - a platform here and at Milton, and these towns were incorporated by - Queen Elizabeth, by the name of the Portreve (which has been changed - to that of Mayor) the jurats and inhabitants of Gravesend and Milton. - The whole town being burnt down in 1727 the parliament in the year - 1731 granted 5000_l._ for rebuilding its church. Here is a very - handsome charitable foundation, Mr. Henry Pinnock having in 1624, - given twenty-one dwelling houses and a house for a master weaver to - employ the poor: and a good estate is also settled for the repairs. - - Within a few years past, great improvements have been made in the - lands near this town, by turning them into kitchen gardens, with the - produce of which Gravesend not only supplies the neighbouring places - for several miles round, but also sends great quantities to the London - markets, particularly of asparagus, that of Gravesend being preferred - to that of Battersea. As all outward bound ships are obliged to anchor - in this road till they have been visited by the custom house officers, - and as they generally stay here to take in provisions, the town is - full of seamen, and in a constant hurry. - -GRAY FRIARS. See GREY FRIARS. - -GRAY’S _court_, Duke street, Piccadilly.† - - -[Illustration: - - _Gray’s Inn._ - _S. Wale delin. B. Green sculp._ -] - - -GRAY’S INN, on the north side of Holborn, near the Bars, is so called - from its being formerly the residence of the ancient and noble family - of Gray of Wilton, who in the reign of Edward III. demised it to - several students of the law. It is one of the four Inns of Court, and - is inhabited by Barristers and Students of the law, and also by such - gentlemen of independent fortune, as chuse this place, for the sake of - an agreeable retirement, or the pleasure of the walks. - - The members of the house are to be in commons a fortnight every term, - for which they pay 16_s._ - - The officers and servants belonging to the Inn, are, a Treasurer, a - Steward, a chief and three under butlers, an upper and under cook, a - pannier man, a gardener, the steward, the chief butler’s men, and two - porters. - - This Inn has its chief entrance out of Holborn through a large gate, - though it is seated far backwards, and though with its gardens it - takes up almost all the west side of Gray’s Inn lane. It consists of - several well-built courts, particularly Holborn court, Coney court, - and another at the entrance into the garden. The hall where the - gentlemen of the society dine and sup is large and commodious; but the - chapel is too small; it is a Gothic structure, and has marks of much - greater antiquity than any other part of the building. - - The chief ornament belonging to this Inn, is its spacious garden, the - benefit of which is enjoyed by the public, every body decently dressed - being allowed the recreation of walking in it every day. This garden - consists of gravel walks, between vistas of very lofty trees, of grass - plats, agreeable slopes, and a long terras with a portico at each end; - this terras is ascended by a handsome flight of steps. Till lately - there was a summer-house erected by the great Sir Francis Bacon, upon - a small mount: it was open on all sides, and the roof supported by - slender pillars. A few years ago the uninterrupted prospect of the - neighbouring fields, as far as the hills of Highgate and Hampstead, - was obstructed by a handsome row of houses on the north; since which - the above summer-house has been levelled, and many of the trees cut - down to lay the garden more open. The part represented in the print is - the lower side of Coney court, containing the chapel, hall, &c. and is - the principal square of this Inn (which is a very considerable one) - belonging to the gentlemen of the long robe. - -GRAY’S INN _lane_, Holborn Bars. - -GRAY’S INN LIBRARY, which is kept in Coney court, Gray’s Inn, consists - of a considerable number of books in several languages, and on - different branches of learning; but more particularly on law, for the - use of the gentlemen of the Inn. - -GRAY’S INN _passage_, 1. Field court, Gray’s Inn. 2. Red Lion street, - Holborn. - -GRAYS THURROCK, a town in Essex, nineteen miles from London, so called - from its ancient Lords the Grays of Codnor. It has a very good market - for corn and cattle. - -GREAT ALMONRY, Tothill street, Westminster. See ALMONRY. - -GREAT ARTHUR _street_, Goswell street.† - -GREAT ASHENTREE _court_, White Friars.‡ - -GREAT BACON _yard_, Goswell street. - -GREAT BEAR _key_, Thames street. See BEAR KEY. - -GREAT BLACK HORSE _court_, Aldersgate street.* - -GREAT CARTER _lane_, St. Paul’s church yard.† - -GREAT CHAPEL _street_, Oxford street. - -GREAT COCK _alley_, 1. Fore street, Cripplegate.* 2. Redcross street.* - -GREAT COW _alley_, Whitecross street, Old street.* - -GREAT DEAN’S _yard_, Westminster. - -GREAT DICE _key_, Thames street. - -GREAT DISTAFF _lane_, Old Change.* - -GREAT EARL _street_, Seven Dials.† - -GREAT EASTCHEAP, Canon street, Fish street hill. See EASTCHEAP. - -GREAT ELBOW _lane_, College hill. - -GREAT FRIARS GATE, Fleet street: so called from its leading into White - Friars. - -GREAT GARDEN, St. Catharine’s lane. - -GREAT GEORGE _street_, 1. A fine new built street, that extends from the - end of Bridge street into St. James’s Park. The great uniformity - observed in the buildings, their grandeur, and the length and - straightness of this street, form a noble vista, terminated at the end - next the park by very handsome iron gates supported on stone piers, - and by the tall trees of the park, which at a distance resemble a - thick grove. 2. A very noble street which extends from Hanover square - into Conduit street; this is also broad and well paved, and has - several very fine houses built and inhabited by noblemen and people of - the first rank. See HANOVER SQUARE. - - The other streets of this name, are, 3. By Great New George street, - Spitalfields: and 4. by King street, Westminster. These streets were - thus named in honour of his present Majesty and his royal father. - -GREAT HART _street_, James’s street, Long Acre. - -GREAT HERMITAGE _street_, in the Hermitage. - -GREAT JERMAIN _street_, Near Piccadilly.† - -GREAT KIRBY _street_, Hatton Garden.† - -GREAT KNIGHTRIDER’S _street_, by Addle hill. - -GREAT LAMB _alley_, Blackman street. - -GREAT MADDOX _street_, Hanover square. - -GREAT MARLBOROUGH _street_, Poland street. - -GREAT MONTAGUE _court_, Little Britain. - -GREAT MONTAGUE _street_, near Brick lane, Spitalfields. - -GREAT MOOR _yard_, St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross. - -GREAT NEW _street_, Fetter lane. - -GREAT NEWPORT _street_, near Long Acre. - -GREAT NOTTINGHAM _street_, Plumtree street. - -GREAT OLD BAILEY, Ludgate hill. - -GREAT ORMOND _street_, Red Lion street, Holborn. - -GREAT ORMOND _yard_, Ormond street. - -GREAT PEARL _street_, Grey Eagle street, Spitalfields. - -GREAT PETER _street_, by Great Poulteney street. - -GREAT POULTENEY _street_, near Brewer’s street, Soho. - -GREAT QUEEN _street_, 1. Lincoln’s Inn fields. 2. Westminster. - -GREAT RIDER _street_, St. James’s street. - -GREAT RUSSEL _street_, 1. Bloomsbury, from the Duke of Bedford’s house - near it. 2. Covent garden, from its being built upon the same Duke’s - estate. - -GREAT ST. ANDREW’S _street_, Seven Dials. - -GREAT ST. ANN’S _lane_, by Orchard street, Westminster. - -GREAT ST. HELEN’S _court_, Bishopsgate street within. See _St._ HELEN’S. - -GREAT ST. THOMAS APOSTLE’S _lane_, by Queen street, Cheapside. See _St._ - THOMAS APOSTLES. - -GREAT STONE _stairs_, Ratcliff. - -GREAT SUFFOLK _street_, Cockspur street. - -GREAT SWALLOW _street_, Piccadilly. - -GREAT SWORDBEARERS _alley_, Chiswell street. - -GREAT TOWER _hill_, by Great Tower street. - -GREAT TOWER _street_, the broad part on the east end. - -GREAT TRINITY _lane_, Bow lane. - -GREAT TURNSTILE, Holborn. - -GREAT TURNSTILE _alley_, High Holborn. - -GREAT WARDOUR _street_, Oxford street. - -GREAT WARNER _street_, Cold Bath street. - -GREAT WHITE LION _street_, Seven Dials. - -GREAT WILD _street_, Great Queen street, Lincoln’s Inn fields. - -GREAT WINCHESTER _street_, Broad street, London Wall. - -GREAT WINDMILL _street_, Piccadilly. - -GREAT _yard_, Parish street, Horselydown. - -GREAT YORK _street_, Cock lane, Shoreditch. - -GREAVE’S _court_, George yard, Whitechapel.† - -GREEN _alley_, 1. Broad Sanctuary. 2. Coleman street, Wapping. 3. St. - Saviour’s Dock. 4. Tooley street. - -GREEN ARBOUR _court_, 1. French alley. 2. Lambeth hill, Thames street. - 3. Little Moorfields. 4. Little Old Bailey. - -GREEN BANK, 1. Horselydown. 2. Coleman street, Wapping. 3. St. Olave - street. 4. Wapping. - -_Board of_ GREEN CLOTH, a court of justice continually sitting in the - King’s house. This court is under the Lord Steward of the King’s - houshold, and is composed of the Treasurer of the houshold, the - Comptroller, Cofferer, Master of the houshold, two clerks of the Green - Cloth, and two clerks comptrollers; and receives its name from a green - cloth spread over the table, at which they sit. - - In the absence of the Lord Steward, the Treasurer of the King’s house, - in conjunction with the Comptroller, and other officers of the board, - together with the Steward of the Marshalsea, have power to determine - treasons, felonies and other crimes committed within the verge. By the - direction and allowance of this board, the Cofferer pays the wages of - the King’s servants above and below stairs, and the bills for - provisions. Also before this board the Averner to the Master of the - horse lays the accompts of the stables for horse meat, livery wages, - and board wages, in order to be passed and allowed. See the article - LORD STEWARD OF THE KING’S HOUSHOLD. - -GREEN COAT HOSPITAL, Tothill fields. Several of the inhabitants of - Westminster having resolved to settle an hospital like that of Christ - Church in the city of London, where poor orphans might not only be - furnished with all the necessaries of life, but instructed in manual - arts, in the year 1633 obtained a charter from King Charles I. by - which they were constituted a body politic and corporate, by the - appellation of _The Governors of the hospital of St. Margaret’s - Westminster, of the foundation of King Charles_; to consist of twenty - Governors, inhabitants of Westminster, with the right of purchasing - lands, tenements, &c. in mortmain, to the value of 500_l._ _per - annum_. But the civil war soon after breaking out, in a manner quashed - this noble design. However, by the charitable benefactions of King - Charles II. and others, the estate amounts to above 300_l._ a year, - and there are at present twenty boys maintained upon this foundation. - _Maitland._ - -GREEN _court_, 1. Green Bank, Wapping. 2. Knaves Acre. 3. Little - Minories. 4. Marshal street, Shoreditch. - -[Illustration: - - _M^r. Spencer’s._ - _S. Wale del._ _B. Green sculp._ -] - -GREEN DRAGON _alley_, 1. Narrow street, Limehouse.* 2. Surry street, in - the Strand.* 3. By Wapping Wall.* - -GREEN DRAGON _court_, 1. Broadway, Westminster.* 2. Cow lane.* 3. Foul - lane.* 4. New Crane, Wapping.* 5. Old Change.* - -GREEN DRAGON _yard_, 1. Long lane, West Smithfield.* 2. Whitechapel.* - -GREEN ELM _court_, in the Savoy. - -GREENFORD, in the vale, a village two miles south of Harrow on the Hill. - -GREENHILL’S _rents_, Smithfield bars.† - -GREENLAND _stairs_. Deptford. - -GREEN _lane_, 1. Lambeth. 2. Tottenham Court fields. - -GREEN LETTICE _court_, Fore street, Cripplegate.* - -GREEN LETTICE _lane_, Canon street.* - -GREEN _market_, Leadenhall street. - -GREEN _Park_, between St. James’s Park and Hyde Park. This Park adds - greatly to the pleasantness of the houses which are situated so as to - overlook it, among which the most conspicuous by far is that lately - built by Mr. Spencer. Altogether it appears very noble, but - considering it as a front, we are disappointed in not seeing any - entrance, which surely should have been made conspicuous. The pediment - being extended over so many columns is too large and heavy, and the - bow window has no relation at all to the building, and offends every - eye; but the figures and vases on the top have indeed a fine effect. - The irregularity of the other side or principal front (which is in St. - James’s Place) is excusable, as the adjoining houses can’t yet be - purchased, but the flatness of it, having no columns or great - projections, will always make it subordinate to the side that fronts - the Park, which is that we have given a view of in the print. - -GREEN’S _court_, Lothbury.† - -GREEN’S _rents_, Bride lane, Fleet street.† - -GREEN SCHOOL _court_, London Wall. - -GREEN _street_, 1. Near Grosvenor square. 2. Leicester fields. 3. - Theobald’s row. - -GREEN _walk_, 1. Broad Wall. 2. Gravel lane. - -GREENWICH, a very pleasant town in Kent, situated six miles from London, - has been the birth place of several of our Monarchs, particularly - Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth: and here King Edward VI. died. Their - palace was first erected by Humphry Duke of Gloucester, who named it - Placentia. This palace was enlarged by Henry VII. and completed by - Henry VIII. but being afterwards suffered to run to ruin, was pulled - down by King Charles II. who began another, a most magnificent - edifice, and lived to see the first wing finished. See GREENWICH - HOSPITAL. - - King Charles II. also enlarged the park, walled it round, planted it, - and caused a royal observatory to be erected on the top of the steep - of the hill. This edifice his Majesty erected for the use of the - celebrated Mr. Flamstead, and it still retains the name of that great - astronomer: his Majesty likewise furnished it with mathematical - instruments for astronomical observations, and a deep dry well for - observing the stars in the day time. - - That which is properly the palace here, is an edifice of no great - extent, and it is now converted into apartments for the Governor of - the Royal Hospital, and the Ranger of the park. This park is well - stocked with deer, and affords a noble and delightful view of the fine - hospital, the river Thames, and the city of London. - - Greenwich is said to contain 1350 houses. Its parish church, which has - been lately rebuilt by the Commissioners for erecting the fifty new - churches, is a very handsome structure, dedicated to St. Alphage, - Archbishop of Canterbury, who is said to have been slain by the Danes - in the year 1012, on the spot where the church now stands. There is a - college at the end of the town, fronting the Thames, for the - maintenance of 20 decayed old housekeepers, twelve out of Greenwich, - and eight who are to be alternately chosen from Snottisham and - Castle-Rising in Norfolk. This is called the Duke of Norfolk’s - College, though it was founded and endowed, in 1613, by Henry Earl of - Northampton, the Duke of Norfolk’s brother, and by him committed to - the care of the Mercers company. To this college belongs a chapel, in - which the Earl’s body is laid, which, as well as his monument, was - removed hither a few years ago, from the chapel of Dover Castle. The - pensioners, besides meat, drink, and lodging, are allowed 1_s._ 6_d._ - a week, with a gown every year, linen once in two years, and hats once - in four years. - - In the year 1560 Mr. Lambard, author of the Perambulation of Kent, - also built and founded an hospital called Queen Elizabeth’s College, - said to be the first erected by an English protestant. There are - likewise two charity schools in this parish, one founded by Sir - William Boreman, Knt. for twenty boys, who are cloathed, boarded, and - taught; they wear green coats and caps: and the other by Mr. John - Roan, who left his estate for teaching also twenty boys reading, - writing, and arithmetic, and allowing 2_l._ _per annum_ for each boy’s - cloaths. These wear grey coats. - - The river Thames is here very broad, and the channel deep; and at some - very high tides the water is salt, though it is usually sweet and - fresh. - - -[Illustration: - - _S. Wale del._ _B. Green sculp._ - _Greenwich Hospital._ -] - - -GREENWICH HOSPITAL, stands on the spot, where stood the palace of - several of our Kings. The first wing of this noble and superb edifice, - erected by K. Charles II. was designed to be applied to the same use. - Indeed from the magnificence of the structure, it can scarcely be - taken for any thing less than the palace of a great monarch. However - King William III. being very desirous of promoting the trade, - navigation, and naval strength of this kingdom, by inviting great - numbers of his subjects to betake themselves to the sea, gave this - noble palace, and several other edifices, with a considerable spot of - ground, for the use of those English seamen and their children, who by - age, wounds, or other accidents, should be disabled from farther - service at sea, and for the widows and children of such as were slain - in fighting at sea, against the enemies of their country. King William - also by his letters patent, in 1694, appointed commissioners for the - better carrying on his pious intentions, and therein desired the - assistance of his good subjects, as the necessity of his affairs did - not permit him to advance so considerable a sum towards this work, as - he desired. In conformity to this request, many benefactions were made - both in that and the succeeding reigns, to this noble charity, which, - according to the tables hung up at the entrance of the hall, amount to - 58,209_l._ and afterwards the estate of the Earl of Derwentwater, who - bore a principal part in the rebellion in 1715, amounting to 6000_l._ - _per annum_, was given by parliament to this hospital. The first range - had cost King Charles II. 36,000_l._ and another was ordered to be - built on the same model: this has been completed with equal - magnificence, and the whole structure entirely finished. - - The front to the Thames consists of these two ranges of stone - buildings, with the Governor’s house at the back part in the center, - behind which the park, well planted with trees, rises with a noble - ascent. These buildings, between which is a large area, perfectly - correspond with each other, and each range is terminated by a very - noble dome. - - In each front to the Thames, two ranges of coupled Corinthian columns - finely wrought, support their pediments, and the same order is - continued in pilasters along the building. The projection of the - entablatures gives an agreeable diversity of light and shade. In the - center of each part, between these ranges of Corinthian columns, is - the door, which is of the Doric order, and adorned above with a tablet - and pediment. Within the height of these lofty columns are two series - of windows, enlightening two floors. The undermost, which are the - smallest, have rustic cases crowned with pediments; while the upper - series, which are larger, and more lofty, are adorned with the orders, - and with upright pointed pediments. Over these is an Attic story; the - entablature of the Corinthian columns and pilasters supports a regular - Attic course: the pilasters of this order rising over every column, - and pilaster of the Corinthian below, between which the windows are - regularly disposed, and the top is crowned with a handsome balustrade. - - The buildings, which are continued from these, and face the area, - correspond with them, though in a finer, and more elegant manner. In - the center of both is a range of columns supporting a pediment, and at - each corner a range of Corinthian pilasters. The front is rusticated, - and there are two series of windows. The domes at the end, which are - 120 feet high, are supported on coupled columns, as are the porticos - below; and under one of these is the chapel, which is adorned on the - inside with the greatest elegance and beauty. - - On the sides of the gate which opens to these buildings from the park, - are placed a large celestial and terrestrial globe, in which the stars - are gilt; and in the center of the area, is fixed on a pedestal, a - statue of his Majesty King George II. - - The hall of this hospital is finely painted by Sir James Thornhill, - particularly the ceiling and upper end; on the latter are represented - in an alcove, the late Princess Sophia, King George I. King George II. - Queen Caroline, the Queen Dowager of Prussia, Frederic Prince of - Wales, the Duke of Cumberland, and the five Princesses, the daughters - of his present Majesty. On the ceiling over the alcove are her late - Majesty Queen Anne and Prince George of Denmark: and on the ceiling of - the hall are King William and Queen Mary, with several fine - emblematical figures. All strangers who see this hall pay two pence - each, and this income is applied to the support of the mathematical - school, for the sons of sailors. - - For the better support of this hospital every seaman in the royal navy - and in the service of the merchants pays 6_d._ a month. This is - stopped out of the pay of all sailors, and delivered in at the Six - penny Receiver’s office on Tower hill. And therefore a seaman who can - produce an authentic certificate of his being disabled, and rendered - unfit for the sea service, by defending any ship belonging to his - Majesty’s British subjects, or in taking any ship from the enemy, may - be admitted into this hospital, and receive the same benefit from it, - as if he had been in his Majesty’s immediate service. - - There are at present near 2000 old or disabled seamen, and an hundred - boys, the sons of seamen, instructed in navigation, and bred up for - the service of the royal navy: but there are no out-pensioners, as at - Chelsea. Each of the mariners has a weekly allowance of seven loaves, - weighing sixteen ounces each; three pounds of beef; two of mutton; a - pint of pease; a pound and a quarter of cheese; two ounces of butter; - fourteen quarts of beer, and 1_s._ a week tobacco money: the tobacco - money of the boatswains is 2_s._ 6_d._ a week each; that of their - mates 1_s._ 6_d._ and that of the other officers in proportion to - their rank. Besides which, each common pensioner receives once in two - years, a suit of blue cloaths, a hat, three pair of stockings, two - pair of shoes, five neck cloths, three shirts, and two night caps. - - This hospital has about 100 Governors, composed of the nobility, great - officers of state, and persons in high posts under the King. The - principal officers of the house, with their annual salaries, are: - - - The Governor £1000 - - Lieutenant Governor 300 - - Treasurer 200 - - Three Captains, each 200 - - Six Lieutenants, each 100 - - Two Chaplains, each 100 - - A Physician and Surgeon, 200 - each - - A Clerk of the cheque 100 - - Auditor 100 - - -GREENWICH _alley_, Brickhill lane. - -GREENWICH _street_, Dowgate wharf. - -GREENWOOD’S _court_, Nightingale lane.† - -GREEN _yard_, 1. Basinghall Postern. 2. East Smithfield. 3. Fore street, - Cripplegate. 4. Goswell street. 5. Green Bank, Wapping. 6. - Horselydown. 7. Milk yard, New Gravel lane. 8. Pepper alley. 9. Tooley - street. 10. Upper Ground street. 11. White’s yard, Rosemary lane. - -GREGORY’S _court_, High Holborn. - -_St._ GREGORY’S, so called from its being dedicated to Pope Gregory the - Great, who sent Austin the Monk to convert the English, stood at the - south west corner of St. Paul’s cathedral; but being burnt by the fire - of London in 1666, and not rebuilt, the parish was by act of - parliament annexed to the church of St. Mary Magdalen in Old Fish - street. - -GREG’S _court_, Goodman’s yard.† - -GRENADIER’S _mews_, Portland street.† - -GRESHAM’S _Almshouse_ in Broad street, on the west side of Gresham - College, was founded by Sir Thomas Gresham in the year 1575, for eight - poor men; the trust of which he committed to the Lord Mayor and - Commonalty of London, who annually pay these Almsmen 6_l._ 13_s._ - 4_d._ each, and a gown every other year. - - -[Illustration: - - _S. Wale delin._ _J. Taylor sc._ - _Gresham College._ -] - - -GRESHAM COLLEGE, situated within the walls between Bishopsgate street - and Broad street, and was formerly the dwelling of the founder Sir - Thomas Gresham, Knt. a merchant of London, and one of the company of - Mercers, who after he had built the Royal Exchange, bequeathed half - the revenue thereof to the Mayor and Commonalty of London, and their - successors, and the other moiety to the company of Mercers, in trust - that the Mayor and Commonalty should find in all times to come four - able persons to read in his dwelling house in Bishopsgate street, - lectures on divinity, astronomy, geometry, and Music, and allow each - of them besides handsome lodgings in that house, the sum of 50_l._ a - year: and that the company of Mercers should find three other able men - to read lectures in the civil law, rhetoric, and physic, pay them the - same salary, and allow them the same accommodations. These salaries - and other bequests of Sir Thomas Gresham, amounting in the whole to - 603_l._ are payable out of the rents of the Royal Exchange, and there - is a grand committee for the management of the affairs of this college - and the Exchange, which consists of four Aldermen, whereof the Lord - Mayor is always one; twelve of the company of Mercers, and eight of - the Common Council, for the city. These lectures were first read in - Trinity term, 1597, and with some interruptions have been continued to - the present time. - - The order of reading every term time is, Monday, divinity; Tuesday, - civil law; Wednesday, astronomy; Thursday, geometry; Friday, rhetoric; - Saturday, anatomy in the morning, and music in the afternoon. _Stow_, - _last edit._ But since the institution of the Royal Society, these - lectures are in a manner deserted, the professors having seldom above - three or four auditors, and those of the most ordinary people. The - print represents the inside of the quadrangle in its present state. - -GRESHAM COLLEGE _court_, Bishopsgate street.† - -GREVIL _street_, Leather lane.† - -GREY-COAT HOSPITAL, Tothill fields, Westminster. In the year 1698 this - charity school was erected in St. Margaret’s parish, for the education - of poor children, and named _The Grey-coat School_, from the colour of - the children’s cloaths; but the trustees being at length greatly - encouraged by charitable contributions, in the year 1701, not only - increased the number of children, but supplied them with all the - necessaries of life, in a large and commodious building near Tothill - fields: and for the encouragement of so laudable an undertaking Queen - Anne, in 1706, by her letters patent, constituted the trustees of this - school a body politic and corporate, by the name of _The Governors of - the Grey-coat hospital in Tothill fields, of the royal foundation of - Queen Anne_, with the power of purchasing lands, tenements, &c. in - mortmain, to the yearly amount of 2000_l._ These children, besides - being taught the usual learning, are employed in spinning, knitting, - sewing, &c. to inure them early to industry; and having attained the - necessary qualifications at school, they are put out apprentices. - - This hospital, in the year 1727, was in so flourishing a condition - that it contained eighty boys, and fifty girls, in which year the - charge of all its disbursements amounted to 1457_l._ 7_s._ 6_d._ At - Michaelmas 1739, a mathematical school was erected, and a proper - master employed to instruct the boys in the art of navigation, to fit - them for the service of their country, several of whom since the - erection of this school have been put apprentice to captains in the - King’s service. - - The expence of each child is about 8_l._ a year, besides the salaries - of the masters and mistresses, the wages of servants, and other - charges attending the hospital. - -GREY EAGLE _street_, Brick lane, Spitalfields.* - -GREY FRIARS, a court in Newgate street, near the gate, adjoining on one - side to Christ’s hospital. Here, in the reign of King Henry III. was - erected a convent of Franciscans or Grey Friars, and some time after a - spacious church, which was not compleatly finished till the year 1380, - tho’ it was consecrated in 1325. This church, which was 300 feet in - length, eighty-nine in breadth, and sixty-four feet two inches in - height from the ground to the roof, was built at different times, at - the expence of different persons, and among its benefactors were - several Queens of England. In the year 1429, Richard Whittington here - founded a library, 129 feet in length and thirty-one in breadth, which - was finished the following year, and within three years after - furnished with books. However, at the general suppression of - monasteries, the friery, with all the edifices belonging to it, was - surrendered to Henry VIII. and the ornaments and utensils taken away, - and applied to the King’s use: after which the church was shut up for - some time, and used as a storehouse for goods taken as prizes from the - French; but in January 1546, this church, with the friery, library, - chapter house, cloisters and gardens, were given by King Henry to the - Mayor and Commonalty of London, with the hospital of St. Bartholomew - in West Smithfield, the parishes of St. Nicholas and St. Ewin, and so - much of St. Sepulchre’s parish as is within Newgate, to be made one - parish belonging to the church in the Grey Friars, which was from - thenceforward to be called Christ Church. In short, in the year 1552, - the house of the Grey Friars began to be repaired for the reception of - poor fatherless children, and in November following near four hundred - were taken in. _Stow._ See CHRIST’S HOSPITAL. - -GREYHOUND _alley_, 1. St. Mary Ax.* 2. Newgate street.* - -GREYHOUND _court_, 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. St. Catharine’s lane.* 3. - Chick lane.* 4. Lamb street.* 5. Milford lane.* 6. Moor’s street, - Soho.* - -GREYHOUND _Inn yard_, St. Margaret’s hill.* - -GREYHOUND _lane_, Three Colts street.* - -GREYHOUND _street_, Whitechapel.* - -GREYHOUND _yard_, 1. Portpool lane.* 2. Upper Ground street.* - -GREY PEA _alley_, Red Maid lane. - -GREY’S _yard_, Duke street, Piccadilly.† - -GRIDIRON _alley_, Whitechapel.* - -GRIDIRON _court_, High Holborn.* - -GRIFFIN _alley_, Blackman street.* - -GRIFFIN _street_, Shadwell Dock.* - -GRIFFIN _yard_, Long lane, West Smithfield.* - -GRIFFIS’S _rents_, Barnaby street.† - -GRIGG’S _court_, Goodman’s yard.† - -GRIPEY _alley_, Artichoke lane. - -GROCERS, the second of the twelve principal companies, was anciently - denominated Pepperers; but having changed their name to that of - Grocers, were under that denomination incorporated by letters patent - granted by King Edward III. in the year 1345, which were confirmed by - Henry VI. in 1429. These grants were afterwards confirmed by a new - charter of Charles I. in the year 1640, with an additional power of - searching and inspecting the goods and weights of all Grocers within - the city and suburbs of London, and three miles round. They had - anciently the management of the King’s beam in this city, with the - right of appointing a master-weigher, and four porters to attend it. - - This corporation consists of a Prime and three other Wardens, - fifty-two Assistants, and one hundred and twenty-seven Liverymen, - whose fine upon admission is 20_l._ They have a great estate, out of - which they annually pay to the poor about 700_l._ _Maitland._ - -GROCERS _alley_, 1. In the Poultry.☐ 2. Shoreditch. - -GROCERS HALL, on the north side of the Poultry, and at the farther end - of Grocers alley, is situated on a spot of ground purchased by the - Grocers company in the year 1411, of Robert Lord Fitzwalter, for three - hundred and twenty marks. The building is well designed for the - purpose of a common hall; and is not only a stately edifice, but is so - capacious, that for many years it served for the uses of the Bank of - England, which was kept in this hall, till the edifice in - Thread-needle street was erected for that purpose. The ancient stone - and brick building at the north west corner of the garden, inhabited - by the beadle of the company, is probably part of the ancient city - mansion of the noble family of Fitzwalter, and consequently the oldest - building within the city walls. _Maitland._ - -GROCERS HALL _yard_, Grocers alley. - -GROCERS _rents_, East Smithfield. - -GROOM PORTER, an officer of the King’s palace under the Lord - Chamberlain. It is his duty to see that his Majesty’s lodgings are - furnished with tables, chairs, stools and firing; to provide cards, - dice, &c. _Chamberlain’s Present State._ - -GROOM OF THE STOLE, the first Lord of the Bedchamber, who is groom of - the long robe or vestment worn by the King on solemn occasions, and - called the stole. It is his office to present or put on his Majesty’s - shirt every morning, and to order the things of the bedchamber. His - salary is 2000_l._ a year. - -GROSVENOR’S _gate_, Grosvenor street.† - -GROSVENOR’S _mews_, a street of stables near Grosvenor square.† - -GROSVENOR’S _passage_, Grosvenor street.† - -GROSVENOR _square_, is bounded on the north by Oxford road; on the east - by Hanover buildings; on the south by Mayfair; and on the west by Hyde - Park, It is however entirely surrounded with buildings, which are very - magnificent, though the fronts are far from being uniform, some of - them being entirely of stone, others of brick and stone, and others of - rubbed brick, with only their quoins, facios, windows and door cases - of stone. Some of them are adorned with stone columns of the several - orders, while others have only plain fronts. Indeed here is the - greatest variety of fine buildings that are any where to be met with - in so small a compass, and they are so far uniform, as to be all - sashed and to be pretty near of an equal height. The area of this - square contains about five acres, and in the middle is a large garden - surrounded with palisado pales placed upon a circular dwarf wall. This - garden is laid out into walks, and adorned with an equestrian statue - of King George I. gilt, which stands upon a pedestal in the center. - - This square and the adjacent places are thus named from Sir Thomas - Grosvenor. - -GROSVENOR _street_, 1. Horse ferry, Westminster.† 2. New Bond street.† - -A list of Pictures that are at present hung up in the two first floors - of the house of Paul Methuen, Esq; in Grosvenor street. - - N. B. In this list, after the description of the pictures, the names - of those by whom they are thought to be painted are added, for the - information of such as may be great admirers of the art of painting, - and lovers of pictures, and yet may not have knowledge or experience - enough in that art to distinguish the several hands by which they are - done. - - But as it is very possible, and even probable, that the owner of them - may, for want of sufficient skill, have been mistaken in the naming of - the authors of some of them; tho’ at the same time he begs it may be - believed, that he has done nothing of that kind, without such reasons - for it, as appeared very good to him; nor has been guided in it by - partiality to the pictures, or any other consideration, but regard to - truth, which he always thought should take place of every thing: so - those who are better judges, are at liberty to name the pictures as - they please, and restore them to the authors to which they may think - they really belong. - - On the FIRST FLOOR. - In the hall and stair case. - Over the chimney. - -A naked boy blowing bubbles and treading on a death’s head, representing - Vanity, by Elizabetha Sirani. - - Near the street door. - -A large picture of dogs and foxes, by Peter Sneyders. - - Over the door that goes into the first parlour. - -A man’s head, by Giuseppe de Ribera, commonly call’d Il Spagnoletto. - - On the landing place. - -A large picture of David and Abigail, by Sir Peter Paul Rubens. - - Over the door. - -The adventure of Don Quixote and the barber, by a Spanish painter. - - Fronting the landing place at the top. - -The portrait of the Duchess of Mantua, grand daughter to the Emperor - Charles the Fifth, with her son in her lap, who was the last Duke of - Mantua, with some allegorical figures, armour, &c. by Giovanni - Benedetto Castiglione. - - Under it. - -A landscape, and a musical conversation, painted by Sir Peter Lely; - being the portraits of himself and his whole family, drawn by the - life. - - Fronting the windows. - -The judgment of Paris, by Gerard Lairest. - - Under it. - -The judgment of Midas, by the same hand. - - Over the looking glass. - -A young lad blowing bubbles, said to be painted by Hannibal Caracci. - - In the first parlour. - Over the chimney. - -A Dutch kermis or country fair, painted by Old Pieter Bruegel. - - On each side of the chimney. - -Next the window, the portrait of a Turk, by Rembrandt van Rijn. - -David with the head of Goliath and his sling, by Leonello Spada. - - Between the windows. - -A man’s head, said to be that of Massaniello the fisherman who caused - the great revolution of Naples, by Salvator Rosa. - -The portrait of Francisco de Taxis, the first inventor of the posts in - Europe, for which reason the direction of them has always remained in - one of his family in all the dominions that belongs to the house of - Austria, by a hand not certainly known. - - Over the doors out of the hall, - -The folly of spending our lives in the pursuit of love, wine, music and - play, an emblematical picture, by Johannes Schorel. - -The Virgin, our Saviour, St. Mary Magdalen, St. Peter, St. John the - Baptist, and St. Jerome; by Jacobo Palma, senior, commonly called Old - Palma. - - Over the marble table. - -The birth of our Saviour, and the adoration of the shepherds, by Giac. - Bassan. - - Under it, in the middle. - -St. John the Baptist asleep in the desert, by Andrea del Sarto. - - On both sides of it. - -Two small sea pieces, a port in the Mediterranean, and a fight with the - Turks, by William Vanderveld, junior. - - Under them, in the middle. - -An emblematical picture, representing a guardian angel pointing out the - way to heaven to a soul, under the figure of a young girl, by Carlino - Dolce. - - On both sides of it. - -Two very highly finished landscapes on copper, by Salvator Rosa. - - Between the two doors. - -The portrait of the Duke of Richmond and Lenox, of the Stuart family, at - whole length, with a dog, by Sir Anthony Vandyck. - - Over the door to the back parlour. - -Vulcan at his forge, with the Cyclops, by Jacob Jordaans of Antwerp. - - Over against the windows. - In the middle. - -The head of our Saviour crown’d with thorns, by Ludovico Caracci. - - On both sides of that. - -Two fruit pieces, by Michael Angelo Pase, called Michael Angelo del - Campidoglio. - - Under them, in the middle. - -A Bacchanal in two colours, by Rubens. - - On both sides of it. - -A landscape with a robbery, and a battle, both painted by Giacomo - Cortese, commonly called Il Bourgognone. - - Under them, in the middle. - -A pretty large landscape and figures of Dutch boors, by Adrian Van - Ostade. - - On both sides of it. - -A stag hunting, and another of hern hawking, by Philip Woverman. - - Under them. - -Two conversations of boors within doors, by Adrian Van Ostade. - - In the second parlour. - Over the chimney. - -Lot and his two daughters, with the city of Sodom on fire, by Lorenzo - Lotti, a great imitator of Giorgione and Titian. - - Over the closet doors. - Next the window. - -The great amphitheatre at Rome, and other buildings, by Viviano - Cadahorra. - -A sea port with buildings and ruins, by Salviouch, and the figures by - John Miele. - - Over the door to the first parlour. - -Omphale the mistress of Hercules, with the lion’s skin and his club by - her, by Augustin Caracci. - - Over the two other doors. - -Two battles in the stile of Bourgognone, but the hands not certainly - known. - - In the passage room. - Over the doors. - -A philosopher with a book in his hand, by Pier Francesco Mola. - -Mary Magdalen, by Giacinto Brandi. - -Our Saviour meditating on the sins of the world, by Giovanni Antonio - Regillio, a competitor of Titian’s, and commonly called Il Pordenone. - - In the great room. - Over the door at which you go in. - -The portrait of a young man on wood, by Andrea del Sarto. - - Between that door and the window. - -The head of St. James the apostle. - -The head of St. John the evangelist. - - N. B. These two last pictures are by - a hand that is not certainly known. - - Under them. - -A Bacchanal painted on copper, by Cornelius Polembergh. - - Between the door and the wall. - In the middle. - -A pretty large picture of our Saviour and the Samaritan woman, by - Giovanni Francesco Barbiori da Cento, commonly called Il Guercino. - - On the side towards the door. - -The Virgin and Child, by Il Cavalier Giovanni Lanfranchio. - - On the side towards the wall. - -Venus dressing, and Cupid holding her looking-glass, by Paolo Veronese. - - Under them, in the middle. - -The Virgin and Child, by Raphael de Urbino. - - On the side towards the door. - -The Virgin and Child in the clouds, and several angels, by Bartolomeo - Murillo. - - On the side towards the wall. - -The Virgin and our Saviour, by Carlo Cignani. - - Next to the door. - -The annunciation of the Virgin Mary, by Paolo Veronese. - - Next to the wall. - -The birth of our Saviour, &c. by Jacapo Robusti, commonly called - Tintoretto. - - Over the chimney. - -Tobit and the angel, by Michael Angelo Amerighi, commonly called Michael - Angelo Caravaggio. - - Between the wall and the chimney. - In the middle. - -The portrait of a man, by Antonio Allegri, commonly called Il Correggio. - - Towards the wall. - -The head of some Spanish general, by Giovanni Giachinette, commonly - called Il Bourgognone delle Teste. - - Towards the chimney. - -The portrait of the famous Hernando Cortes, conqueror of Mexico, by - Titiano Vecelli, called Il Titiano. - - Under them. - -A large battle in an oval, painted by Luca Jordano. - - Between the chimney and farthest wall. - In the middle. - -St. Sebastian, by Guido Reni. - - Next the chimney. - -The portrait of Sir Anthony Vandyck, painted by himself. - - Next to the wall. - -The portrait of a young girl, with a little dog asleep in her hands, by - Rembrandt van Rijn. - - Under them. - -A large oval battle, painted by Luca Jordano. - - Over the closet door. - -The portrait of a man with a book in his hand, said to be the famous - satirist Berni, by Giorgio Barbarelli, called Il Giorgione. - - Between the door and the wall. - -A she saint, with angels, by Pietro Berettini, called Pietro Cortona. - - Under it, in the middle. - -A small battle, by Bourgognone. - - On both sides of it. - -Two small pictures, done from the gallery of Archduke Leopold, the one - from Paris Bourdon, and the other from young Palma, by David Teniers. - - Between the door and the window. - -A large picture, representing our Saviour at the Pharisee’s house, and - Mary Magdalen anointing his feet, with the portrait of the person for - whom it was painted, as a servant waiting at table, by Carlo Dolce. - - N.B. This picture is out of the stile of Carlo Dolce’s paintings, who - never before attempted so great a subject and composition; and was - done by him, after the drawing of Ludovico Cigoli. - - Under it, in the middle. - -The portraits of three of Henry the Seventh’s children, viz. Prince - Arthur, Henry the VIII. and Princess Mary, who was afterwards Queen of - France, and Duchess of Brandon, by a hand not certainly known. - - On both sides of it. - -Two pieces of the history of Judith, the one where she is presented to - Holofernes, and the other where she is entertained by him at a feast, - by Paolo Veronese. - - On the SECOND FLOOR. - In the dining room. - Over the door as you go into it. - -A fortune teller, with several figures consulting him, by Giorgio - Barbarelli, called Il Giorgione. - - Over the door. - -The history of Tancred and Erminia, out of Tasso, by Pietro Berettini, - called Pietro de Cortona. - - Between the doors. - -A large picture, representing the baptism of our Saviour by St. John in - the river Jordan, with angels, by Guido Reni. - - Between the wall and middle door. - -A Bacchanal, with Silenus and satyrs, by Jacob Jordaans of Antwerp. - - Under it. - -A large landscape, by Claude Gille, commonly called Claude de Lorraine. - - Between that door and the wall. - -The Virgin and our Saviour, St. John the Baptist and his lamb, St. - Peter, and the three cardinal virtues, Faith, Charity, and Hope, by - Titiano Vecelli, called Il Titiano. - - N.B. This is an emblematical picture, by which the painter meant to - represent the several virtues that are necessary to form the - character of a good Christian. - - Under it, in the middle. - -The holy family, by Paolo Veronese; the saint which is represented in - armour, being the portrait of Paolo himself. - - Next to the door. - -A landscape and naked figures, by Cornelius Polembergh. - - Next to the wall. - -The flight into Egypt, by Filippo Lauri. - - Between the wall and chimney. - -Scipio and the fair captive at Carthagena, by Pietro de Cortona. - - Under that. - -A battle, by Giacomo Cortese, called Il Bourgognone. - - Between the chimney and the window. - -The dead body of our Saviour, with the Virgin Mary, and St. John, by - Hannibal Caracci. - - Under it. - -A landscape, representing a temple of Bacchus, and the sun setting, by - Claude Gille, commonly called Claude de Lorraine. - - Dressing room. - Over the chimney. - -The ordination of St. Dennis, patron of France, by Eustache le Sueur. - - Between the chimney and the window. - -Women at work by candle light, by Giacomo Bassan. - - Under it, in the middle. - -The annunciation of the blessed Virgin, with God the Father, and several - angels in the clouds, by Francesco Albani. - -N.B. This picture belonged to Pope Innocent X. as may be seen by his - arms on the back side of it; and the frame, which is of silver, was - made by the famous statuary Alessandro Algardi. - - Under that. - -St. Augustine in an ecstasy, contemplating the mystery of the holy - Trinity, and the incarnation of our Saviour; a very high finished - sketch by Vandyck, of the finest picture he ever painted, which is in - the church of St. Augustine at Antwerp. - - On both sides, at the top. - -A man and a woman smoaking, and a man and woman drinking, by David - Teniers. - - Underneath, on each side. - Next the window. - -Cephalus and Procris, by Adam Elsheimer. - - Next to the chimney. - -The will of Eudadimus the Corinthian, a sketch, by Nicholas Poussin. - - Between the chimney and the wall. - -The flight into Egypt, by Il Cavalier Giovanni Lanfrancho. - - Under it, in the middle. - -The portrait of Antonio Caracci, son of Augustino, by Annibal Caracci. - - Under that. - -A garland of flowers, painted on looking glass, by Old Baptiste. - - On both sides at top. - Next the chimney. - -A satyr squeezing grapes, with a tyger and leopard, by Rubens. - - Next the wall. - -Cupid shaving his bow, and two other little Cupids, by Parmegiano. - - Under them. - -Dutch boors in a fury against the Spaniards, by Pieter Bruegel, and a - barber surgeon’s shop, with a cat and monkies, by David Teniers. - - Over against the windows. - In the middle. - -St. Francis Xavier dying in an island on the coast of China, by Carlo - Maratti. - - On both sides of it. - -Two sea pieces, by William Vanderveld, jun. - - Under them, in the middle. - -The Virgin and Child, St. Joseph, St. Anne, and St. Catherine, by John - Abeyk, commonly called John of Bruges. - - On both sides of it. - -Four pieces of the history of Judith and Holofernes, by Paolo Veronese. - - Under them, in the middle. - -The martyrdom of the Innocents on copper, by Alessandro Turchi. - - On both sides of it. - -A small battle piece, by Bourgognone. - -A march of soldiers, by the same. - - Over the door to the dining room. - -The portrait of Cosmus the 3_d._ Duke of Florence, when a child, by - Giustus Subtermans. - - Over the two other doors. - -Our Saviour breaking the bread, and blessing the cup, and St. Bruno - founder of the order of Carthusians, both of them by Carlo Dolce. - - Between the two doors. - -The marriage of Jacob, by Ciro Ferri. - - Under it. - -The Virgin and our Saviour in the clouds, and the several saints, - patrons of the city of Bologna, by Guido Reni. - - Under that. - -The nativity of our Saviour, by young Palma. - - Over against the chimney. - -A large landscape, with the baptism of Queen Candace’s eunuch by St. - Philip, by John Both. - - Under it, in the middle. - -The inside of a church, by Henry Stenwix, and the figures by Velvet - Brughell. - - Under each corner of it. - -Two little round pictures, one of them being the head of Mary Magdalen, - and the other that of our Saviour crown’d with thorns; both of them by - Francesco Albani. - - Under them. - -The shipwreck of St. Paul on the island of Malta, by Adam Elsheimer. - - On each side of it. - -Two small landscapes on copper, by John Brughell, commonly call’d the - Velvet Brughell. - - On both sides of them. - -The martyrdom of St. Laurence, by Titiano Vecelli, commonly called Il - Titiano; and St. Sebastian, and other saints, by Filippo Lauri. - - Between the door and the window. - -The education of Bacchus, by Simon Vouet. - - Under it. - -The Virgin and our Saviour, and several saints, by Ludovico Caracci. - - Under that. - -The judgment of Paris, by Giovanni Rottenhammer, the landscape by Paul - Brill. - - Between the windows over the glass. - -A portrait of a Dominican friar, by Giovanni Lanfrancho. - - In the passage room, over the doors. - -The portrait of Don Antonio de Leyva, General to Charles the Fifth, who - took Francis the First prisoner at the battle of Pavia. By Il Dosso di - Ferrara. - -The portrait of Charles Lewis, the eldest Prince Palatine, by Vandyke. - -The portrait of the Lady Anne Carre, Countess of Bedford, by the same. - - Over the chimney. - -Our Saviour carried before Pontius Pilate, in water colours, by Lucas of - Leyden. - - In the bedchamber, over the door. - -The portrait of a man in a ruff, by Rubens. - - Over the chimney. - -A large picture of a curtain, carpet, fruit, &c. by the Maltese, and - Mich. Angelo del Campidoglio. - - In the closet. - Over the chimney. - -A copy of Raphael’s picture of the Madonna della Seggiola in the palace - of Pitti, at Florence. - - Under it. - -A small flower piece on copper, by Velvet Brughell. - - Over the little closet door. - -The portrait of Sir Paul Methuen when a boy. - - Over the door next the window. - -The picture of a woman, &c. by Albert Durer. - - Over the bedchamber door. - -A man’s head, by Tintoretto, said to be that of the famous Andrea - Vesalio. - -GROVE _street_, Hackney. - -GRUB _street_, 1. Fore street, Cripplegate. 2. Market street, - Westminster. - -GRUB’S _rents_, Whitechapel.† - -GUBBINS, or GOBIONS, near North Mims in Hertfordshire, had its name from - its ancient Lord Sir Richard Gobion. In the reign of Henry VII. it - belonged to the family of the Mores, when it was called More Hall; but - on the attainder of the great Sir Thomas More, Lord High Chancellor of - England, it was forfeited to the Crown, and settled on the Princess, - afterwards Queen Elizabeth, who held it till her death. It afterwards - came into the possession of several families, and was at length - purchased by the late Sir Jeremy Sambroke. The manor house and gardens - are very beautiful. - - -[Illustration: - - _Guild Hall._ - _S. Wale delin._ _B. Green sc. Oxon._ -] - - -GUILDHALL, at the north end of King street, Cheapside, is the hall for - holding the courts, and transacting the business of the city. The old - hall in Aldermanbury being fallen to decay, the present structure was - begun in the year 1411, upon a larger and more noble plan, and ten - years were employed in compleating it. The executors of the famous - Richard Whittington, long celebrated in song, gave a Purbeck pavement - to the hall, and glazed some of the windows, on every one of which - Whittington’s arms are placed; others of the Aldermen glazed different - windows, and had also their arms painted on the glass. - - The hall being however much damaged by the fire of London in 1666, was - repaired and beautified two years after, at the expence of 2500_l._ in - so effectual a manner, that it has stood till this time. - - The entrance has a stately Gothic frontispiece, with the King’s arms - under a cornice, pediment and vase; under which are niches; and in the - middle of the front are the following words done in gold: - - _Reparata & ornate Thoma Rawlinson, Milit. Majore, An. Dom._ MDCCVI. - - That is, - - Repaired and adorned in the year 1706, during the Mayoralty of Thomas - Rawlinson. - - Over the gate is a balcony, above which are placed in niches on each - side, the figures of Moses and Aaron; and in niches on each side of - the gate below, the four cardinal virtues; also under the balcony are - depicted the arms of twenty-four companies. - - On entering this Gothic arch, you come into the hall, which is one - hundred and fifty-three feet long, forty-eight feet broad, and - fifty-five feet high. The roof is flat, and divided into panels; the - walls on the north and south sides are adorned with four Gothic - demi-pillars, painted white with blue veins, and gilt capitals, upon - which are the royal arms, and those of Edward the Confessor. - - Nearly fronting the gate, are nine or ten steps, leading to the Lord - Mayor’s court, over which is a balcony supported at each end by four - iron pillars in the form of palm trees; by these is a small enclosure - on each side on the top of the steps, used on some occasions as - offices for clerks to write in, each being just sufficient to hold one - person. Under these are two prisons called Little Ease, from the - lowness of the ceiling, by which prisoners were obliged to sit on the - floor; these prisons are intended for city apprentices, who upon - complaint and a strict examination into the offence, were sometimes - committed thither by the Chamberlain, whose office is at the right - hand at the head of the steps. In the front of this balcony is a - clock, on the frame of which is carved the four cardinal virtues, with - the figure of Time, on the top, and a cock on each side of him. But - the most extraordinary figures are yet behind; these are two monstrous - giants which stand on the outside of the balcony close to the wall, - one on each side: they have black and bushy beards; one holds an - halbert, and the other a ball set round with spikes, hanging by a - chain to a long staff. These absurd ornaments, which Mr. Strype - supposes were designed to represent an ancient Briton and a Saxon, are - painted, as if to give them the greater appearance of life, and render - them more formidable to children. - - Round the hall are hung up, the standards and colours taken from the - French, at the battle of Ramilies. At the east end are the King’s arms - between the pictures of his present Majesty King George II. and Queen - Caroline; close by the first is Queen Anne, and by the last his late - Majesty King George I. and at the same end of the hall, but on the - north and south sides, are the pictures of King William III. and Queen - Mary fronting each other. The hall is likewise adorned with the - portraits of eighteen Judges, put up by the city as a testimony of - public gratitude for their signal services, in determining the - differences which arose between landlords and tenants, without the - expence of law suits, on rebuilding the city after the fire. These - Judges are all painted at full length in their scarlet gowns; and in - the Lord Mayor’s court there are the portraits of five other Judges - painted in the same manner. - - On the east end of the hall is held the court of Hustings weekly, and - occasionally that of the Exchequer; and before the Hustings is held - the court of Conscience. At the west end is held alternately the - Sheriff’s court for the Poultry and Wood street counters. Opposite to - the Chamberlain’s office, already mentioned, as situated up the steps - underneath the giants, is the office of Auditors of the city accounts, - within which is the Lord Mayor’s court office, where the Lord Chief - Justice occasionally sits in trials by _nisi prius_. On the west side - of the Mayor’s court office is the court of Orphans, where the Lord - Chief Justice of the Common Pleas occasionally sits. Adjoining to this - court on the north, is the old council chamber, now used by the - Commissioners of bankrupts. Contiguous to it is the new council - chamber. Beneath the Mayor’s court is the Town Clerk’s office, where - are deposited the city archives. To the east and north are the - residences of the Chamberlain and Town Clerk; near which are two rooms - wherein the business of bankrupts are dispatched. Contiguous to the - north west is the kitchen; in the porch is the Comptroller’s office, - and over it the Irish chamber. Over the piazzas on the west, are the - common Serjeant’s, Remembrancer’s, and city Solicitor’s offices. See - an account of each of these courts under the articles, _Court of_ - COMMON COUNCIL. _Lord_ MAYOR’S _Court_. _Court of_ HUSTINGS, &c. - - Guildhall is at the end of a tolerable vista, which shews the building - to some advantage, though the Gothic front has nothing very - extraordinary in it. The hall within is a fine one, but the entrance - would have been better at the lower end than in the middle, for by - this means all the beauty of the perspective is lost. The ascent of - steps across the hall not being opposite the gate, as it ought to have - been, is another material defect. A noble front in the situation of - Guildhall, would have had an advantage hardly to be met with - elsewhere, and give an architect a fine opportunity of displaying his - genius. But the present front is full of little parts which have no - effect at a distance. - -GUILDHALL _alley_, Basinghall street, leading to Guildhall. - -GUILDHALL CHAPEL, situated between Blackwell hall, and Guildhall, was - founded in the year 1299, dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen and All - Saints, and called London College. A chantry was founded in this - chapel for four chaplains, and lands and tenements left for their - support. It was rebuilt in the reign of Henry VI. and received new - endowments: but at the suppression of religious houses it reverted to - the Crown, and was bought of King Edward VI. with other lands and - tenements, for the sum of 456_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._ and the city holds it - in soccage of the manor of Greenwich. It was defaced, but not burnt - down by the fire of London in 1666, and has been since repaired. - - This edifice is perfectly in the Gothic taste. In several niches are - set the figures in stone of King Edward VI. of Queen Elizabeth, with a - phœnix under her; and of King Charles I. treading on a globe. The - windows are extremely large, and on the inside the walls are hung with - tapestry. Over the Aldermen’s seats there is a wainscot covering, and - a particular seat for the Lord Mayor, adorned with cartouches. There - is a gallery at the west end, a handsome wainscot pulpit and desk, and - a neat altar piece inclosed with rails and banisters. - - On the south side of this chapel was formerly a library belonging to - Guildhall and the College. But it is said that in the reign of King - Edward VI. Edward Duke of Somerset, then Lord Protector, sent for the - books with a promise of returning them shortly; upon which three - carriages were loaded with them; but they being never returned, the - room has been long made a storehouse for cloths. - -GUILDHALL _yard_, 1. King street, Cheapside.☐ 2. King street, - Westminster. - -GUILFORD, or GUILDFORD, a considerable borough in Surry, situated on the - river Wey, thirty miles from London, and governed by a Mayor, - Recorder, and Aldermen. Here the assizes are sometimes held, and - always elections for members of parliament, the town itself returning - two. Not far from the town are the ruinous wails of an old castle, - this having been in the Saxon times a royal villa, where many of our - Kings long after kept their festivals. Here were formerly two or three - convents, one of which was not long ago the seat of Daniel Coswall, - Esq; and had a delightful park adjoining to it. There were also three - churches in the town; but one of them fell down in the year 1740. Here - is a charity school founded by King Edward VI. and an almshouse - founded by George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury, who endowed it with - lands worth 300_l._ a year, 100_l._ of which he ordered to be employed - in setting the poor at work, and the other 200_l._ he allotted for the - maintenance of a master, twelve brethren, and eight sisters, who are - to have 2_s._ 6_d._ a week: the Archbishop’s birth day is annually - commemorated in it; and the Archbishop of Canterbury is its visitor. - There are here likewise two charity schools for thirty boys, and - twenty girls; and a fine circular course for horse races, which begin - when the Newmarket races are ended. Guilford had formerly a - considerable manufacture of cloth, of which there are still some - remains. The great road from Chichester and Portsmouth lies through - the town, which has been always famous for good inns, the cleanest of - linen, and other excellent accommodations; and as the river Wey is - made navigable to this town, a great quantity of timber is carried - down it to London, not only from this neighbourhood, but from the - Sussex and Hampshire woods, above thirty miles off, from whence it is - brought to Guilford in the summer by land carriage. - - The road from hence to Farnham is very remarkable, for it runs along - the ridge of a high chalky hill, no wider than the road itself, and - the declivity begins on either hand, at the edge that bounds the - highway, and is very steep and high. From this hill is a surprizing - prospect; to the north and north west over Bagshot Heath; to the south - east into Sussex, almost to the South Downs; and to the west it is so - unbounded that the view is only terminated by the horizon. On this - hill, which is called St. Catharine’s, stands the gallows in such a - position, that the town’s people of Guilford may, from the High - street, sit at their shop doors and see the criminals executed. - -GUILLAM’S _wharf_, St. Catharine’s.† - -GULLYHOLE _alley_, Wheeler street. - -GULSTON’S _square_, Gulston’s street.† - -GULSTON’S _street_, Whitechapel.† - -GUM _alley_, Barnaby street. - -GUMMERY’S _alley_, Dorset street.† - -GUN _alley_, 1. Barnaby street.* 2. Little Moorfields.* 3. St. John’s - street, West Smithfield.* 4. Wapping.* 5. Well street.* - -GUN _dock_, Wapping. - -GUN-HOUSE _stairs_, near Vauxhall. - -GUN _lane_, Three Colts street.* - -GUNPOWDER _alley_, 1. Poor Jury lane. 2. Shoe lane. - -[Illustration: - - _Gunnersbury._ - _S. Wale delin._ _B. Green sculp._ -] - -GUNNERSBURY HOUSE, near Ealing, a noble and elegant structure, built by - Inigo Jones, or, as some say, by Mr. Web, who was son-in-law to Inigo - Jones. Indeed the architecture shews that if the plan was not drawn by - that celebrated architect himself, it was designed by some of his - scholars, for the building has that majestic boldness and simplicity - which grace all the works of that excellent artist. It is situated on - a rising ground; the approach to it from the garden is remarkably - fine. The loggia has a beautiful appearance at a distance, and - commands a fine prospect of the county of Surry, the river of Thames, - and of all the meadows on its banks for some miles, and in clear - weather of even the city of London. - - The apartments are extremely convenient and well contrived. The hall, - which is large and spacious, is on each side supported by rows of - columns, and from thence you ascend by a noble flight of stairs to a - saloon, which is a double cube of twenty-five feet high, and most - elegantly furnished. This fine room has an entrance into the portico - on the back front, which is supported by columns, and from the finest - of the prospect over the Thames, is a delightful place to sit in, - during the afternoon in the summer season; for it being contrived to - face the south east, the sun never shines on it after two o’clock; but - extending its beams over the country, enlivens the beautiful landscape - that lies before this part of the edifice. On entering the garden from - the house, you ascend a noble terrace, which affords a delightful view - of the neighbouring country; and from this terrace, which extends the - whole breadth of the garden, you descend by a beautiful flight of - steps, with a grand balustrade on each side. But the gardens are laid - out too plain, having the walls in view on every side. This was the - house of the late Henry Furnesse, Esq; who had a fine collection of - pictures in it. - -GUNSMITHS, a company incorporated by letters patent, granted by King - Charles I. in the year 1638. This fraternity consists of a Master, two - Wardens, and eighteen Assistants; but has neither livery nor hall. - _Maitland._ - -GUN _street_, Artillery lane, Spitalfields.* - -GUN _wharf_, 1. Near Battle bridge.* 2. Wapping Dock.* - -GUN _yard_, 1. Bishopsgate street without.* 2. Houndsditch.* 3. Maiden - lane, Southwark.* 4. Pepper alley.* 5. Petticoat lane.* 6. Rosemary - lane.* 7. Sugar Loaf alley, Moor lane.* 8. Tower ditch.* - -GUTTER _lane_, Cheapside, originally called Guthurn lane, from Guthurn, - the owner thereof. _Maitland._ - -GUTTIGE’S _rents_, Whitechapel.† - -GUY OF WARWICK’S _court_, 1. Duke street.* 2. Upper Ground.* - -GUY’S _court_, Playhouse passage, Drury lane.† - -[Illustration: - - _Guy’s Hospital._ - _S. Wale delin._ _B. Green sc. Oxon._ -] - -GUY’S HOSPITAL, in Southwark, for the cure of sick and lame persons, was - founded by Mr. Thomas Guy, a citizen and bookseller of London, who - from a small beginning amassed an immense fortune, by his industry and - frugality; and more particularly by purchasing seamen’s tickets in the - reign of Queen Anne; and by his success in buying and selling South - Sea stock in the year 1720. He was never married, and had no near - relations; and therefore towards the close of his life, considering - how he should dispose of his wealth, after many ruminations, resolved - to be the founder of the most extensive charity ever established by - one man. He was seventy-six years of age when he took this resolution, - and having no time to lose, immediately took of the President and - Governors of St. Thomas’s hospital in Southwark, a lease of a piece of - ground opposite to that hospital, for the term of nine hundred and - ninety-nine years, for a ground rent of 30_l._ a year; and as this was - covered with small houses that were old and ill tenanted, he - immediately gave the inhabitants notice of his intention, and when - they had removed their effects, pulled down the buildings in the year - 1721, and proceeding with all the expedition of a youth of fortune - erecting a house for his own residence; he caused the foundation of - the intended hospital to be laid the following spring, and this vast - fabric was roofed before the death of the founder, which happened on - the 27th of December 1724. - - The only motive that induced Mr. Guy to erect this hospital in so low - and close a situation, was his design of putting it under the - management and direction of the Governors of that of St. Thomas. But - by the advice of his friends he altered his resolution; it was then - however too late to think of chusing another situation, for the - building was raised to the second story, but he rendered the place as - agreeable as possible by its elevation above the neighbouring streets. - - The expence of erecting and furnishing this hospital amounted to the - sum of 18,793_l._ 16_s._ great part of which he expended in his life - time; and the sum he left to endow it, amounted to 219,499_l._ both - together amounting to 238,292_l._ 16_s._ a much larger sum than was - ever before left in this kingdom by one single person to charitable - uses. - - The edifice is situated at a small distance from the foot of London - bridge, and consists of two quadrangles, besides what the print - exhibits, which is intended when the old buildings are removed to be - made regular. At your approach, which is a very narrow street, you - first see the side of the square, which is very elegant, and a noble - iron gate, with very handsome piers, but are much disappointed when - you come nearer, to find the most contemptible front you can imagine. - The whole side could not be represented in the print, as there was not - distance in the street to bring it into the visual angle. The iron - gates open into a square, in the middle of which is a brazen statue of - the founder, by Mr. Scheemakers, dress’d in his livery gown, very well - executed. - - In the front of the pedestal is this inscription: - - THOMAS GUY SOLE FOUNDER OF THIS HOSPITAL IN HIS LIFE TIME. A.D. - MDCCXXI. - - On the west side of the pedestal is represented in basso relievo, the - parable of the good Samaritan; on the south side is Mr. Guy’s arms; - and on that side of the pedestal facing the east, is our Saviour - healing the impotent man. - - The superstructure of this hospital has three floors besides the - garrets, and the same construction runs through the whole building, - which is so extensive as to contain twelve wards, in which are four - hundred and thirty-five beds; and in short the whole has a plainness - that becomes the nature of the institution, and at the same time a - regularity that does some honour to the builder, the whole being - disposed for the mutual accommodation of the sick, and of those who - attend them. - - Soon after Mr. Guy’s decease, his executors, pursuant to his last - will, applied to parliament to get themselves, and fifty-one other - gentlemen nominated by the founder, to be incorporated Governors of - the intended hospital; upon which all these gentlemen were constituted - a body politic and corporate, by the name of the President and - Governors of this hospital: they were to have perpetual succession and - a common seal, with the power of possessing the real and personal - estates of the late Thomas Guy, Esq; for the purposes of the will, and - to purchase in perpetuity, or for any term of years, any other estate - whatsoever, not exceeding 12,000_l._ a year. - - This corporation was no sooner established by parliament, than the - President and Governors set heartily about the work, by finishing and - furnishing the hospital, chusing their officers and servants, and - taking in patients, whose number at first amounted to 402. For the - more effectual preventing inferior servants preying upon poor - patients, or their friends, they resolved to give them handsome - salaries, and the following were appointed and are still given. - - - The Treasurer 00 0 0 - - His Clerk 40 0 0 - - Steward 80 0 0 - - Chaplain 80 0 0 - - Two Physicians, 40_l._ each 80 0 0 - - Apothecary 80 0 0 - - Apothecary’s two servants 78 0 0 - - Surgeryman 30 0 0 - - Butler, with his horse 67 2 8 - - Cook and her servant 32 0 0 - - Porter 35 0 0 - - Beadle 30 0 0 - - Matron 50 0 0 - - Eleven sisters, 25_l._ each 275 0 - 0 - - Eight nurses, 16_l._ each 128 0 - 0 - - Twelve watch-women, 10_l._ 8_s._ 124 16 - each 0 - - One brother belonging to the 35 0 0 - lunatics - - One sister belonging to the 25 0 0 - lunatics - - ──────────────────────────────────────────── - Sum total, 1349 18 - 8 - - - These officers and servants are chosen by the sixty Governors, who - have carried on this noble charity in such a manner as to restore ease - and health to many thousands of their fellow subjects. - - Besides which the out-patients who receive medicines gratis, - frequently amount to about 1600 in a year. - - Before we conclude this article, it may be proper to mention some - other particulars relating to Mr. Guy, in order to do justice to the - character of that great benefactor to the public, by which the reader - will see the little foundation there is for the general opinion of his - being remarkable for nothing more than his parsimony and avarice. He - was a patron of liberty and of the rights of his fellow subjects, - which, to his great honour, he strenuously asserted in several - parliaments, whereof he was a member for the borough of Tamworth in - Staffordshire, the place of his birth. To this town he was a general - benefactor; and early in his life he not only contributed towards the - relief of private families in distress, but erected an almshouse, with - a library, in that borough, for the reception of fourteen poor men and - women, to whom he allowed a certain pension during his life, and at - his death he bequeathed the annual sum of 125_l._ towards their future - support, and for putting out children apprentices, &c. - - In the year 1701 Mr. Guy built and furnished at his own expence, three - wards on the north side of the outer court of St. Thomas’s hospital, - and gave to those wards 100_l._ a year, for eleven years immediately - preceding the foundation of his hospital. Some time before his death, - he removed the frontispiece of St. Thomas’s hospital, which stood over - the gateway in the Borough, and erected it in the place where it now - stands, fronting the street: he also enlarged the gateway; rebuilt the - two large houses on its sides, and erected the fine iron gate between - them, all at the expence of 3000_l._ To many of his relations he gave - while living, a settled allowance of 10 or 20_l._ a year; and to - others money to advance them in the world. At his death, he left to - his poor aged relations the sum of 870_l._ a year during their life; - and among his younger relations, who were very numerous, and his - executors, he left the sum of 75,589_l._ He left the Governors of - Christ’s hospital a perpetual annuity of 400_l._ for taking in four - children annually, at the nomination of the Governors; and bequeathed - 1000_l._ for discharging poor prisoners within the city of London, and - the counties of Middlesex and Surry, who could be released for the sum - of 5_l._ by which sum, and the good management of his executors, there - were above 600 poor persons set at liberty, from the several prisons - within the bills of mortality. _Maitland._ - -GUY’S _yard_. Vinegar yard, Drury lane.† - - -[Illustration] - - - - - H. - - -HABERDASHER _square_, Grub street, Fore street. - -HABERDASHERS, one of the twelve principal companies, was indifferently - called Hurrers and Milliners; the latter from the merchandize in which - they chiefly dealt, which came from the city of Milan in Italy: but - they were incorporated by letters patent granted by King Henry VI. in - the year 1407, by the style of _The_ _fraternity of St. Catharine the - Virgin, of the Haberdashers of the city of London_. But at present - they are denominated _The Master and four Wardens of the fraternity of - the art or mystery of Haberdashers_. - - This company is governed by a Master, four Wardens, and ninety-three - Assistants, with a livery of 342 members, who upon their admission pay - a fine of 5_l._ _Maitland._ - -HABERDASHERS _Almshouse_ at Hoxton. See ASKE’S _Almshouse_. - -HABERDASHERS HALL, situated on the north side of Maiden lane, is a good - brick building, and the room called the hall is very neat and lofty. - It is paved with marble and Purbeck stone, wainscoted about twelve - feet high; and the screen at the west end, where are two arched - apertures, is adorned with pilasters of the Corinthian order. - -HACKET _court_, Coleman street.† - -HACKNEY, a village in Middlesex, on the north east side of London, is a - very large and populous village, inhabited by such numbers of - merchants and wealthy persons, that it is said there are near an - hundred gentlemen’s coaches kept. The parish has several hamlets - belonging to it, among which are Clapton on the north, Dorleston and - Shacklewell on the west, and Hummerton, which leads to Hackney Marsh, - on the east. In this village are two meeting houses, viz. a new - Presbyterian meeting near the church, and an Independent meeting in - Mare street: besides a Presbyterian meeting house at Clapton, There - are also here six boarding schools, a free school, a charity school, - and several almshouses. - - Hackney church was a distinct rectory and vicarage in the year 1292, - and dedicated to St. Augustine; but the Knights Templars having - obtained a mill and other possessions in the parish, they were, upon - the suppression of their order, granted to the Knights Templars of St. - John of Jerusalem, from whom the church is supposed to have received - the present appellation of St. John: however, it was not presented to - by that name till after the year 1660. It is in the gift of Mr. Tyson, - Lord of the manor, but in ecclesiastical affairs is subject to the - Bishop of London. _Maitland._ - - At the bottom of Hackney Marsh there have been discovered within these - few years, the remains of a great stone causeway, which by the Roman - coins found there, appears to have been one of the famous highways - made by the Romans. _English Gazetteer._ - -HACKNEY COACHES. The village of Hackney being anciently celebrated for - the numerous seats of the nobility and gentry it contained, this - occasioned a great resort thither of persons of all ranks from the - city of London, whereby so great a number of horses were daily hired - in the city on that account, that at length all horses to be lett - received the common appellation of Hackney horses; which denomination - has since been communicated to public coaches and chairs. - - ’Tis observable that so lately as the year 1625, there were not above - twenty hackney coaches in the city of London and the adjacent parts; - and that these did not ply in the streets as at present; but those who - had occasion for them sent for them from the stables where they stood: - but in 1635, the number of these coaches being greatly increased, they - plied in the streets, which being then much narrower in many parts of - London than at present, the common passages were obstructed and - rendered dangerous; and it was alledged, that by this great increase, - the price of hay and other provender was much enhanced. Upon this a - proclamation was published by his Majesty King Charles I. on the 19th - of January, strictly commanding, that after the 24th of June - following, no hackney coach should be used within the city and suburbs - of London, except for carrying of people to and from their habitations - in the country: and that no person whatsoever should be allowed to - keep a coach in this city, except such persons as were capable of - keeping four able horses fit for his Majesty’s service, which were at - all times to be ready when called for, under a severe penalty. However - in 1654, Cromwell published an ordinance, by which he ordered that the - hackney coaches, which he limited to two hundred, should be under the - care and government of the court of the Lord Mayor and Aldermen. And - in 1662 it was enabled by parliament, that all the hackney coaches, - which then amounted to four hundred, should annually pay the sum of - 5_l._ each towards the charge of paving and cleaning the streets of - London and Westminster. Since which time the number of hackney coaches - has been augmented to eight hundred, and both they and the hackney, - chairs put under the government of the Hackney coach office. - _Maitland._ - -HACKNEY COACH _Office_, in Surry street in the Strand, was erected - according to an act of parliament passed in the year 1696, for - licensing hackney coaches and chairs, and to put them under the - government of five Commissioners, who have a salary of 150_l._ a year - each. The number of coaches is limited to eight hundred; out of which - two hundred are to ply every Sunday in their turn, on the forfeiture - of 5_l._ for every coachman who plies out of his turn. - - For the better government of these coaches and chairs, and preventing - the drivers and owners imposing on those who employ them, each coach - has its respective number on a tin plate fixed on each side. The price - of each licence is 50_l._ no person is allowed to have more than two - licences, and every proprietor pays 5_s._ a week by monthly payments, - to the receiver of the office. A hackney coachman plying without a - licence, using another’s figure, or defacing his own, forfeits 5_l._ - And no horse, mare, or gelding, under fourteen hands high, is to be - used in drawing hackney coaches. - - If any coachman abuses a passenger; exacts more for his fare than he - ought to receive; or refuses to go at the following rates, whether by - day or night, foul or fair weather; upon complaint belong made to the - Commissioners, and the number of the coach delivered in, such coachman - will be summoned to appear, and fined for each offence twenty or forty - shillings, according to the nature of his crime. - - Rates of Hackney Coachmen. - - For a day of twelve hours, 10_s._ - For one hour, 1_s._ 6_d._ - For every hour after the first, 1_s._ - For any distance nor exceeding a mile and a half, 1_s._ - For any distance not exceeding two miles, 1_s._ 6_d._ - - For the better ascertaining the fares between the most remarkable - places of this city and suburbs, the Commissioners of the Hackney - Coach office have caused the distance between the following parts to - be measured, and the several rates fixed accordingly. - -Rates for Hackney Coaches, one shilling. - - From any of the Inns to Court to any part of St. James’s or - Westminster, except beyond Tothill street. - - From any of the Inns of Court, or thereabouts, to the Royal Exchange. - - From Westminster Hall to Marlborough street, Albemarle street, Bolton - street, Bloomsbury square, Soho square, or Little Queen street, - Holborn. - - From St. James’s gate to Queen Anne’s square, Westminster; or the - nearest corner of Red Lion square. - - From Golden square to Red Lion square. - - From the Haymarket play house to Red Lion square, Queen’s square - Westminster, Thavies Inn, or Bloomsbury square. - - From Guildhall to Red Lion square. - - From the upper end of Fetter lane, Holborn, to Aldgate. - - From the Royal Exchange to Hoxton square. - - From Newgate to the middle of Greek street near Soho square. - - From the Bridge foot, Southwark, to Sir William Walworth’s Head at - Walworth. - - From Gray’s Inn gate to Sadler’s Wells near Islington. - - From Covent garden to Clerkenwell church. - - From Temple Bar to Billingsgate. - - From Aldgate to Shadwell church. - -Rates for Hackney Coaches, eighteen pence. - - From Drury lane play house to Queen square, Westminster. - - From Westminster Hall to St. Paul’s. - - From Westminster Hall to Queen square, Red Lion fields. - - From St. James’s gate to Hatton garden. - - From the New Exchange in the Strand to the Royal Exchange. - - From the Haymarket play house to Hatton garden. - - From Red Lion square to Westminster hall. - - From any of the Inns of Court to the Tower, Aldgate, Bishopsgate - street, or thereabouts. - - From St. James’s to Marybone church. - - From the Royal Exchange to Bloomsbury square. - - From the Royal Exchange to the watch house at Mile-end. - - From the outside of Aldgate to Stepney church. - - From Bedford street, Covent garden, to Coleman street. - - From Bread street to Hoxton square. - - From the middle of Broad street to Hart street, Bloomsbury. - - From St. Martin’s lane in the Strand to Gold street, by Wood street. - - From the middle of Gracechurch street to Somerset house. - - From Guildhall to Brownlow street, Drury lane. - - From the Royal Exchange to Newington church, Surry. - - From Covent garden to the Royal Exchange. - - From Stocks market to Charing Cross. - - From Aldgate to Ratcliff Cross. - -HACKNEY CHAIRMEN, are subject to the same regulations as the Hackney - Coachmen; and if they behave ill, any person may have them fined or - punished by producing the number of the chair, and making complaint at - the Hackney Coach office in Surry street. The only difference between - them and the Hackney Coachmen is, that they are obliged to go the same - distance for eighteen pence, which the coachmen perform for a - shilling; they are to take no more than one shilling for any distance - not exceeding a mile; and no more than eighteen pence for any distance - not exceeding a mile and a half. - -Rates for Hackney Chairmen, one shilling. - - From Westminster to Covent garden, or Exeter Exchange. - - From St. James’s gate through the Park to Westminster Hall. - - From the Haymarket play house to the entrance of Lincoln’s Inn fields. - - From the Haymarket play house to Bolton street. - - From St. James’s gate to Somerset house. - - From Somerset house to the upper end of Hatton garden. - - From the Haymarket play house to Soho square. - - From the nearest corner of Golden square to Drury lane play house. - -Rates for Hackney Chairmen, eighteen pence. - - From Westminster Hall to Marlborough street, Soho square, Bolton - street, or Temple Bar. - - From St. James’s gate to Queen Anne’s square, Westminster. - - From Golden square to Red Lion square. - - From Red Lion square to the Haymarket play house. - - From Queen’s square to the Haymarket play house. - - From the Haymarket play house to Bloomsbury square. - - From the Haymarket play house to Gray’s Inn. - -HACKNEY _road_, near Shoreditch.☐ - -HAGLE’S _court_, Silver street, Tooley street.† - -HAINS’S _court_; Swallow street.† - -HAIRBRAIN’D _court_, 1. Blue Anchor yard, Rosemary lane.‖ 2. Scotland - yard.‖ - -HALBOURN _yard_, Mews, Duke street, Piccadilly.† - -HALFMOON _alley_, 1. Bishopsgate street without.* 2. By the Halfmoon - tavern, Cheapside.* 3. Green Bank, Wapping.* 4. Grub street, Fore - street.* 5. Jewin street, Aldersgate street.* 6. Little Bartholomew - close, leading to the Halfmoon tavern. 7. Little Moorfields.* 8. - Saltpetre Bank.* 9. Seven Stars alley, Golden lane.* 10. Whitechapel.* - 11. Whitecross street, Cripplegate.* - -HALFMOON _court_, 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. Bow lane.* 3. Hermitage, - Wapping.* 4. Long alley, Moorfields.* 5. Ludgate hill.* 6. Portpool - lane.* 7. Saltpetre Bank.* 8. Wiltshire lane.* 9. East Smithfield.* - -HALFMOON AND SEVEN STARS _court_, Old street.* - -HALFMOON _passage_, Foster lane, Cheapside.* - -HALFMOON _street_, 1. Hyde Park road.* 2. In the Strand.* 3. West - street, Soho.* - -HALF NICOL _street_, New Turnmill street, Shoreditch fields. - -HALF-PAVED _court_, Dorset street, Fleet str. - -HALFPENNY _alley_. 1. Jacob street. 2. Sharp’s alley, Cow Cross. 3. - Halfway house lane, Stepney fields. - -HALLAM _street_, Gray’s Inn lane. † - -HALL’S _court_, 1. Compton street.† 2. Deadman’s place.† - -HALL’S _rents_, Helmet court, St. Catharine’s.† - -HALL’S _stairs_, Narrow street, Ratcliff.† - -HALLMOTE, a court so denominated from the place in which it is kept, - belongs to the several companies of citizens, by whom it is - occasionally held in their respective halls, wherein the affairs of - each of the companies are respectively transacted. - -HALSEY’S _court_, Blackman street.† - -HALSTED, a village in Essex, between Cray and Sevenoak, near which is - the seat of the Duke of Richmond, called Halsted Place. - -HAM (EAST) a village in Essex, south east of Plaistow, and six miles - from London. - -HAM (WEST) a village in Essex, between Stratford and Little Ilford. - -HAMBURGH MERCHANTS, a company incorporated by Edward I. in the year - 1269, by the name of _Merchant Adventurers_. This being the first - company of merchants incorporated in this kingdom, they soon obtained - ample privileges of John Duke of Brabant, for establishing a factory - at Antwerp. - - As these merchants proved of great advantage to the nation, their - privileges were confirmed and enlarged by several succeeding Princes, - particularly by Queen Elizabeth, who impowered the members of this - company to extend their commerce to all parts of Germany. This was no - sooner known, than very great privileges were offered them by the - merchants of Hamburgh, as an encouragement to settle in their city, - which being accepted, the factory repaired thither, where they still - continue, and are at present known by the appellation of the _Hamburgh - Company_, the ancient name being now never used but in deeds, and - other writings. - - This society, since the diminishing of their privileges, and laying - open their trade in the reign of King William III. is greatly reduced. - _Strype’s edit. of Stow._ - - -[Illustration: - - _Cascade at Ham Farm._ - _S. Wale delin._ _F. Vivares sculp._ -] - - -HAM FARM, is the seat of the Earl of Portmore at Weybridge in Surry. It - is situated between the Earl of Lincoln’s and the late Mr. - Southcote’s. The house is a large handsome structure built regularly - of brick, with a fine lawn before the garden front. The grounds about - it consist of about 500 acres, 130 of which are laid out for pleasure, - besides a paddock of about 60 acres. Here is a fine command of water, - there being two navigable rivers, the Thames, which comes with a fine - bending course by the side of the terrace, and the Wye, which runs - direct]y through the grounds, and joins the Thames at the terrace. - There is a swing bridge over the Wye, which may be turned aside at - pleasure to let boats and other vessels pass. The Wye is navigable up - to Guildford and other places. What is called the Virginia Water, runs - from Windsor great park, and flows through Mr. Southcote’s grounds - hither. The terrace next the Thames is beautiful; and though it lies - upon a flat, there are some good views from it, and from other parts - of the gardens. This place was first beautified by the Countess of - Dorchester, in the reign of James II. - -HAM HOUSE. See PETERSHAM. - -HAMILTON _street_, Hyde Park road.† - -HAMILTON’S _yard_, Upper Shadwell.† - -HAMMER AND CROWN _court_, Broad street, Ratcliff.* - -HAMMER _court_, In the Minories.* - -HAMMERSMITH, a village in Middlesex, four miles west from London. There - are a number of pretty seats about it, especially towards the Thames, - among which the most remarkable is Mr. Doddington’s. It has a church, - a Presbyterian meeting house, two charity schools, a work house, and a - kind of nunnery. - -HAMMOND’S _Almshouse_, in Almshouse yard, Snow hill, consists of six - neat rooms, and was founded by Edmund Hammond, Esq; in the year 1651, - for as many poor batchelors or widowers, with an allowance 10_l._ a - year each: but the estate appropriated for its support being reduced - by the fire of London, the Haberdashers company, to which the care of - this charitable foundation was intrusted, at present only pay the - pensioners the annual sum of 7_l._ 10_s._ each. - -HAMMOND’S _court_, Haymarket.† - -HAMMOND’S _key_, Thames street.† - -HAMMOND’S _lane_, Thames street.† - -HAMPSHIRE _court_, Whitechapel. - -HAMPSHIRE HOG _yard_, Broad St. Giles’s.* - -HAMPSHIRE _yard_, Whitechapel. - -HAMPSTEAD, a pleasant village in Middlesex, situated near the top of a - hill about four miles on the north west side of London. On the summit - of this hill is a heath, which is adorned with many gentlemen’s - houses, and extends about a mile every way, affording a most extensive - and delightful prospect over the city as far as Shooter’s Hill, and - into the counties all around it. This village used to be formerly - resorted to for its mineral waters; and there is here a fine assembly - room for dancing. Its old ruinous church, which was a chapel belonging - to the Lord of the manor, has been lately pulled down, and a new one - is just erected in its room. There is besides a handsome chapel near - the wells, built by the contribution of the inhabitants, who are - chiefly citizens and merchants of London; and also a meeting house. - -HAMPSTEAD WATER OFFICE, in Denmark street, St. Giles’s. To this office - belong two main pipes of a seven inch bore, which bring water from the - ponds at Highgate and Hampstead to supply that neighbourhood. - -HAMPSTEAD _yard_, Gray’s Inn lane. - -HAM’S _corner_, Old street.† - -HAM’S _rents_, Ratcliff highway.† - -HAM’S _yard_, 1. Brook street.† 2. Great Windmill street.† - - -[Illustration: - - _Hampton Court from the Garden._ - _S. Wale delin._ _J. Green sc Oxon._ -] - - -HAMPTON COURT, is delightfully situated on the north bank of the river - Thames, about two miles from Kingston, and at a small distance from a - village called Hampton. This palace was magnificently built with brick - by Cardinal Wolsey, who here set up two hundred and eighty silk beds - for strangers only, and richly stored it with gold and silver plate; - but it raised so much envy against him, that to screen himself from - its effects, he gave it to King Henry VIII. who, in return, suffered - him to live in his palace of Richmond. King Henry greatly enlarged it, - and it had then five spacious courts adorned with buildings, which in - that age were so greatly admired by all foreigners as well as the - natives, that the learned Grotius says of this place: - - Si quis opes nescit (sed quis tamen ille?) Britannus, - Hampton Curia, tuos consultat ille Lares; - Contulerit toto cum sparsa palatia mundo, - Dicet, Ibi Reges, hic habitare Deos. - - That is, - - _If e’er a Briton what is wealth don’t know; let him repair to Hampton - Court, and then view all the palaces of the earth, when he will say, - Those are the residence of Kings, but this of the Gods._ - - In order to give a more perfect idea of this grandeur, we shall give a - description of the ornaments of this palace, as they appeared in the - reign of Queen Elizabeth, from an author who describes what he himself - saw. - - “The chief area, says he, is paved with square stone; in its - center is a fountain that throws up water, covered with a gilt - crown, on the top of which is a statue of Justice, supported - by columns of black and white marble. The chapel of this - palace is most splendid, in which the Queen’s closet is quite - transparent, having its windows of crystal. We were led into - two chambers called the presence, or chambers of audience, - which shone with tapestry of gold and silver, and silk of - different colours: under the canopy of state are these words - embroidered in pearl, VIVAT HENRICUS OCTAVUS. Here is besides - a small chapel richly hung with tapestry, where the Queen - performs her devotions. In her bedchamber the bed was covered - with very costly coverlids of silk. At no great distance from - this room we were shewn a bed, the teaster of which was worked - by Anne Boleyn, and presented by her to her husband Henry - VIII. All the other rooms being very numerous, are adorned - with tapestry of gold, silver, and velvet, in some of which - were woven history pieces, in others Turkish and American - dresses, all extremely natural. - - “In the hall are these curiosities: a very clear looking - glass, ornamented with columns and little images of alabaster; - a portrait of Edward VI. brother to Queen Elizabeth; the true - portrait of Lucretia; a picture of the battle of Pavia; the - history of Christ’s passion, carved in mother of pearl; the - portrait of Mary Queen of Scots; the picture of Ferdinand - Prince of Spain, and of Philip his son; that of Henry VIII. - under which was placed the Bible curiously written upon - parchment; an artificial sphere; several musical instruments: - in the tapestry are represented negroes riding upon elephants; - the bed in which Edward VI. is said to have been born, and - where his mother Jane Seymour died in childbed. In one chamber - were several excessively rich tapestries, which are hung up - when the Queen gives audience to foreign ambassadors; there - were numbers of cushions ornamented with gold and silver; many - counterpanes and coverlids of beds lined with ermine. In - short, all the walls of the palace shine with gold and silver. - Here is besides a certain cabinet called Paradise, where - besides that every thing glitters so with silver, gold, and - jewels, as to dazzle one’s eyes, there is a musical instrument - made all of glass, except the strings. Afterwards we were led - into the gardens, which are most pleasant.” - - _Hentzner’s Journey into England._ - - This palace, which was afterwards the prison of King Charles I. is, - with the parks, encompassed in a semicircle by the Thames. King - William and Queen Mary were so greatly pleased with its situation, - which rendered it capable of great improvements, and of being made one - of the noblest palaces in Europe, that while the former was causing - the old apartments to be pulled down, and rebuilt in the more - beautiful manner in which they now appear, her Majesty impatient to - enjoy so agreeable a retreat, fixed upon a building near the river, - called the Water Gallery, and suiting it to her convenience, adorned - it with the utmost elegance, though its situation would not allow it - to stand after the principal building was completed. - - Since the pulling down of the Water Gallery, which stood before the - fine stone front that faces the river, the ground to the south west - received considerable improvements. This spot is laid out in small - inclosures, surrounded with tall hedges, in order to break the - violence of the winds, and render them proper for the reception of - such exotic plants as were moved thither in summer out of the - conservatories. Here are two basons constantly supplied with water, - for the support of these plants in dry weather; and as these are - situated near the great apartments, most of the plants may be viewed - from the window. - - At a small distance to the west, stood a large hot house, for - preserving such tender exotic plants as require a greater share of - warmth than is generally felt in this climate. Of this part of - gardening Queen Mary was so fond, that she allowed a handsome salary - to Dr. Plukenet, a very learned botanist, for overlooking and - registering the curious collection of plants she caused to be brought - into the garden; but since her Majesty’s death they have been much - neglected, and very few of the most curious plants are now to be found - there. - - The park and gardens, with the ground on which the palace now stands, - are about three miles in circumference. On a pediment at the front of - the palace on this side, is a bas-relief of the triumphs of Hercules - over Envy; and facing it a large oval bason, answering to the form of - this part of the garden, which is a large oval divided into gravel - walks and parterres, laid out in an elegant manner, by those two - eminent gardeners, London and Wise. - - At the entrance of the grand walk, are two large marble vases, of - exquisite workmanship, one said to be performed by Mr. Cibber, the - father of the poet laureat, and the other by a foreigner; these pieces - are reported to be done as a trial of skill; but it is difficult to - determine which is the finest performance. They are beautifully - adorned with bas-relief; that on the right hand, representing the - triumphs of Bacchus, and the other on the left, Amphitrite and the - Nereides. At the bottom of this walk, facing a large canal which runs - into the park, are two other large vases, the bas-relief on one - representing the judgment of Paris; and that of the other, Meleager - hunting the wild boar. - - In four of the parterres are four fine brass statues. The first is a - gladiator, which formerly stood in the parade of St. James’s Park, at - the foot of the canal, and was removed thither in the reign of Queen - Anne. The original was performed by Agasias Desitheus of Ephesus, and - is in the Borghesian palace at Rome. The second is a young Apollo; the - third a Diana; and the fourth, Saturn going to devour one of his - children: all after fine originals. - - On the south side of the palace is the privy garden, which was sunk - ten feet, to open a view from the apartments to the river Thames; in - this garden is a fine fountain, and two grand terrace walks. - - On the north side of the palace is a tennis court; and beyond that a - gate which leads into the wilderness: farther on is the great gate of - the gardens, on the sides of which are large stone piers, with the - lion and unicorn couchant, in stone. - - We shall now, leaving the gardens, take a view of the palace, and - several apartments, with their noble furniture and fine paintings, - performed by the most eminent masters. - - To begin with the first entrance into the palace, at the gates of - which are four large brick piers, adorned with the lion and unicorn, - each of them holding a shield, whereon are the arms of Great Britain, - with several trophies of war well carved on stone. - - Passing through a long court yard, on each side of which are stabling - for the officers of his Majesty’s houshold, we come next to the first - portal, which is strongly built of brick, and decorated by Wolfey with - the heads of four of the Cæsars, Trajan and Adrian on one side, and on - the other Tiberius and Vitellius. - - Thro’ this portal we pass into a large quadrangle, remarkable for - nothing extraordinary, but its spaciousness and uniformity. This leads - to a second quadrangle, where over the portal is a beautiful - astronomical clock, made by the celebrated Tompion, on which are - curiously represented the twelve signs of the zodiac, with the rising - and setting of the sun, the various phases of the moon, and other - ornaments, and indications of time. - - On the left hand of this quadrangle is the great old hall, in which, - by her late Majesty’s command, was erected a theatre, wherein it was - intended that two plays should have been acted every week, during the - time of the court’s continuance there; but Mr. Colley Cibber observes, - that only seven plays were performed in it, by the players from Drury - lane, the summer when it was raised, and one afterwards for the - entertainment of the Duke of Lorrain, afterwards Emperor of Germany. - In the front is a portal of brick decorated with four Cæsars heads - without names. - - On the opposite side of this quadrangle is a stone colonade of - fourteen columns, and two pilasters of the Ionic order, with an - entablature and balustrade at the top, adorned in the middle with two - large vases. - - This leads to the great stair case, adorned with iron balusters - curiously wrought and gilt, the whole erected on porphyry. From the - ceiling hangs by a strong brass chain gilt, a large glass lanthorn - which holds sixteen candles, and has an imperial crown at the top. - This staircase, with the ceiling, were painted by Signor Verrio, an - Italian, by order of King William III. - - At the top, on the left side, are Apollo and the nine Muses, at whose - feet sits the God Pan with his unequal reeds, and a little below them - the Goddess Ceres, holding in one hand a wheat sheaf, and with the - other pointing to loaves of bread; at her feet is Flora, surrounded by - her attendants, and holding in her right hand a chaplet of flowers; - near her are the two river Gods Thame and Isis with their urns; and a - large table in the middle, upon which is a quantity of rich plate, - decorated with flowers. - - On the ceiling are Jupiter and Juno, with Ganymede riding on Jupiter’s - eagle, and offering the cup. Juno’s peacock is in the front: one of - the Parcæ, with her scissors in her hand, seems to wait for Jove’s - orders to cut the thread of life. These figures are covered with a - fine canopy surrounded with the signs of the zodiac, and by several - zephyrs, with flowers in their hands; and on one side of them is Fame - with her two trumpets. - - Beneath is a beautiful figure of Venus riding on a swan, Mars - addressing himself to her as a lover, and Cupid riding on another - swan. - - On the right hand are Pluto and Proserpine, Cœlus and Terra, Cybele - crowned with a tower, and others. Neptune and Amphitrite are in the - front, and two attendants are serving them with nectar and fruit. - Bacchus is leaning on a rich ewer, and, being accompanied by his - attendants, places his left hand on the head of Silenus, who sits on - an ass that is fallen down, he seeming to catch at a table, to which - Diana above is pointing. The table is supported by eagles; on one side - of it sits Romulus, the founder of Rome, with a wolf; and on the other - side of it is Hercules leaning on his club. Peace in her right hand - holds a laurel, and in her left a palm over the head of Æneas, who - seems inviting the twelve Cæsars, among whom is Spurina the - soothsayer, to a celestial banquet. Over their heads hovers the genius - of Rome with a flaming sword, the emblem of destruction, and a bridle, - the emblem of government, both in her right hand. - - The next is the Emperor Julian writing at a table, while Mercury - dictates to him. - - Over the door at the head of the stairs is a funeral pile, done in - stone colour; and under the above paintings are thirty-six panels, - representing trophies of war, and other decorations in the same - colour. - - From the stair case we pass into the guard chamber, which is very - large and spacious, it being upwards of sixty feet long, and forty - feet wide. This room contains arms for 5000 men, curiously placed in - various forms. There are here pilasters of pikes and bayonet on each - side sixteen panels that go round the room; with variety of other - ornaments, as muskets in chequer work, stars made of bayonets, swords, - &c. - - The next is the King’s first presence chamber, which is hung with rich - old tapestry. The ceiling is vaulted, and from the center hangs a fine - lustre of nineteen branches. Fronting the door are the canopy and - chair of state, which, as well as the stools, are of crimson damask; - on the back part of the canopy are the King’s arms, and round the - vallance, a crown and cypher embroidered in gold. - - On the left hand of the entrance, behind the door is a fine picture - about eighteen feet by fifteen, by Sir Godfrey Kneller. King William - III. is in armour on a stately grey horse, trampling on trophies of - war, by which lies a flaming torch. At the top in the clouds Mercury - and Peace support his helmet, decorated with laurel, and a Cupid holds - a scroll. On the bottom part of the picture appear Neptune and his - attendants by the side of a rock, welcoming the hero on shore; and at - a distance is seen a fleet of ships, their sails swelled with the east - wind. In the front ground Plenty with her cornucopia offers him an - olive branch, and Flora presents flowers. - - Over the chimney is a whole length of the Marquis of Hamilton, Lord - Steward of the houshold to King Charles I. by Van Somer; and over the - doors are two pieces of architecture, finely executed by Rosso. - - The next room, which is called the second presence chamber, is - spacious, and has a vaulted ceiling, from the centre of which hangs a - gilt chandelier of twelve branches. The tapestry is ancient but very - rich, the lights being all gold, and the shadows silk; the subjects - are, Hercules and the Hydra, and Midas with his ass’s ears. The chair - of state and stools are of crimson damask fringed with the same - colour. Over the chimney is a whole length of Christiern IV. King of - Denmark, by Van Somer. This picture, as most of the large ones are, is - decorated round the frame on the outside with festoons of fruit and - flowers, finely carved in high-relief. Over the three doors are pieces - of ruins and landscapes, by Rosso. In this room are also two fine - marble tables, with two pier glasses, and two pair of gilt stands. - - The fourth room is very lofty; in the middle hangs a beautiful chased - silver chandelier of sixteen branches. Here is a fine canopy of state, - with the window curtains, chair and stools, of rich crimson damask - laced and fringed with gold. The tapestry, which represents part of - the story of Abraham, is fine; over the chimney is a whole length - picture of Elizabeth Queen of Bohemia, the daughter of King James I. - and over each of the two doors is a Madona, by Domenico Fetti. - - In the fifth room is also a chair of state, and stools; the window - curtains are tissue with a silver ground; there are silver sconces - fastened to the tapestry, which is richly woven with gold, but is very - ancient; the subject is Abraham sending his servants to get a wife for - Isaac. Over the chimney piece is an admirable whole length picture of - King Charles I. by Van Dyck; and over the doors are two capital - pictures, the first is David with Goliath’s head, by Fetti; the other - the holy family, by Correggio. - - In the King’s state bed chamber is a crimson velvet bed, laced with - gold, having plumes of white feathers on the top. This room, which is - very spacious, is hung round with tapestry representing the history of - Joshua, about which are eight silver sconces chased with the Judgment - of Solomon. The ceiling, which was painted by Verrio, represents - Endymion lying with his head in the lap of Morpheus, and Diana - admiring him as he sleeps. On another part of the ceiling is a fine - figure of Somnus, or Sleep, with his attendants, and in the border are - four landscapes, and four boys with baskets of flowers intermixed with - poppies. Over the doors are two flower pieces, finely painted by - Baptist; and over the chimney is a whole length of the Dutchess of - York, by Van Somer. - - In the King’s private bed chamber, the bed is of crimson damask, and - the room hung with fine tapestry, the subject of which is Solbay - fight. - - The King’s dressing room, which is about twelve feet long, and six - feet wide, has the ceiling painted by Verrio. Mars is sleeping in - Venus’s lap, while several Cupids steal away his armour, sword and - spear, and others are binding his legs and arms with fetters of roses. - The borders are decorated with jessamin, orange trees in pots, and - several sorts of birds. Over the doors are fine flower pieces, by - Baptist. The room is hung with straw-coloured India damask, and the - chair, stools and screen, are covered with the same. - - The King’s writing closet is of a triangular form, and has two - windows. The hangings and stools are of a pea-green India damask. A - glass is here so placed, as to shew all the rooms on that side of the - building in one view. Over each door is a flower piece by Baptist, and - over the chimney a fine picture of a great variety of birds, by - Bougdane. There is here a fine collection of china. - - Queen Mary’s closet is hung with needle work, said to be wrought with - her own hand; there are also an easy chair, four others, and a screen, - all said to be the work of that excellent Queen. The work is extremely - neat; the figures are well shadowed, perhaps equal to the best - tapestry, and shew great judgment in drawing. Over the chimney piece - is an old painting, said to be Raphael’s, representing Jupiter’s - throne, by which is the thunder, and his eagle in the clouds. - - The Queen’s gallery, which is about seventy feet long, and twenty-five - feet wide, is hung with seven beautiful pieces of tapestry, - representing the history of Alexander the Great, and done after the - famous paintings of Le Brun; they are however not placed according to - chronology, for some of the last actions of Alexander’s life are - placed before those which preceded them. Under that part of the - tapestry which represents the story of Alexander and Diogenes, and - which is placed over the chimney piece, is a very neat bust of a Venus - in alabaster standing upon an oval looking-glass, under which are two - doves billing in basso relievo. Among the other furniture in this - gallery, are two very fine tables of Egyptian marble. - - The ceiling of the Queen’s state bed chamber is finely painted by Sir - J. Thorn-hill, who has represented Aurora rising out of the ocean in - her golden chariot, drawn by four white horses. The bed is of crimson - damask; and besides other furniture, the room is adorned with a glass - lustre with silver sockets. Over a large marble chimney piece is a - whole length of King James I. by Van Somer. At his right hand, over - one of the doors, is Queen Anne his consort; on his left, their - daughter the Princess Elizabeth, afterwards Queen of Bohemia; both by - Van Somer. Over the other door is a beautiful whole length of Henry - Prince of Wales, their eldest son, by Van Dyck. In the cornice are - four other portraits, one on each side, viz. his late Majesty K. - George I. his present Majesty King George II. the late Queen Caroline, - and the late Prince of Wales. - - The Queen’s drawing room has the ceiling painted by Signor Verrio; in - the middle of which is the late Queen Anne, under the character of - Justice, holding the scales in one hand, and the sword in the other: - she is dressed in a purple robe lined with ermine; and Neptune and - Britannia are holding a crown over her head. The room is hung with - green damask, upon which are placed nine pictures, three on each side - of the room, and three at the end. These were formerly all in one - piece of a great length, as may be very plainly seen from some of the - figures being cut asunder, and placed in different pieces. The whole - is the triumph of Julius Cæsar, and was a long procession of soldiers, - priests, officers of state, &c. at the end of which that Emperor - appears in his triumphal chariot, with Victory holding a laurel crown - over his head. It is painted in water colours upon canvas, by Andrea - Mantegna. - - The Queen’s state audience room is hung with rich tapestry, - representing the children of Israel carrying the twelve stones to the - river Jordan, as mentioned in Joshua iv. Here is a fine canopy of - state, and five pictures at full length, the Duke, Dutchess, and - Marchioness of Brunswick their daughter; the Dutchess of Lenox, and - Margaret Queen of Scots, all by Holbein. - - The Prince of Wales’s presence chamber is hung with tapestry wrought - with the story of Tobit and Tobias. Here is a canopy of state of green - damask: over one of the doors is Guzman, and over another Gundamor, - two Spanish ambassadors: over the third is Madam Chatillon, the French - Admiral’s lady; and over the chimney, Lewis XIII. of France, with a - walking stick in his hand, and a dog by his side, all by Holbein. - - The Prince of Wales’s drawing room is hung with tapestry, representing - Elymas the sorcerer struck with blindness; this is taken from one of - the cartons. Over the chimney piece is the Duke of Wirtemburg: over - one of the doors is a whole length of the wife of Philip II. King of - Spain; and over the other, a whole length of Count Mansfield, General - of the Spaniards in the Low Countries, all by Holbein. - - The Prince of Wales’s bed chamber has a bed of green damask, and four - pictures also done by Holbein, viz. over the chimney piece is a whole - length of the Duke of Lunenbourg, great grandfather to his present - Majesty; over one of the doors Philip II. King of Spain; over another, - the consort of Christiern IV. King of Denmark; and over the third, a - whole length of the Prince of Parma, Governor of the Netherlands. - - In the private dining room are four pictures of the defeat of the - Spanish Armada, by Vande Velde; and over the chimney a very fine one, - by Van Dyck, of the Lord Effingham Howard, Lord High Admiral of - England. - - In the Admiral’s gallery are the pictures of the following celebrated - Admirals, Sir George Rooke, Sir Cloudsley Shovel, Sir John Leake, the - Lord Torrington, Admiral Churchill, Sir Stafford Fairborne, Sir John - Jennings, Sir Thomas Hopson, Admiral Beaumont, Sir Thomas Dilks, - Admiral Bembo, Admiral Whetstone, Admiral Wishart, Admiral Graydon, - Admiral Munden; all painted by Dahl, and Sir Godfrey Kneller. - - In the room of Beauties, nine ladies are placed in the following - order: the Lady Peterborough, the Lady Ranelagh, the Lady Middleton, - Miss Pitt, the Duchess of St. Alban’s, Lady Essex, Lady Dorset, Queen - Mary, and the Duchess of Grafton. Q. Mary was painted by Wissing, and - all the rest by Sir Godfrey Kneller. - - In the Carton gallery are the celebrated cartons of Raphael Urbino, so - called from their being painted on paper. These are seven pieces of - sacred history, taken from the New Testament, and were at first - designed only as patterns for tapestry. For these admirable pieces - Lewis XIV. is said to have offered 100,000 louis d’ors. - - These pictures, which may be properly termed coloured drawings on - paper, as big as the life, are painted with great delicacy and beauty - in water colours. The first is the miraculous draught of fishes, in - which Christ appears in the boat with an air of divine gentleness. A - very ingenious modern author, whose words we shall chiefly follow in - the description of these admirable pieces, observes, that the exotic - birds, the magnificent large fowl placed on the shore in the fore - ground, have a sea wildness in them; and, as their food was fish, - contribute to express the business in hand, which is fishing; and - being thus placed on the shore, prevents the heaviness which that part - would otherwise have had, by breaking the parallel lines that would - have been made by the boat, and the base of the picture. - - However in this carton Raphael has made a boat too little to hold the - figures he has placed in it; but had he made it large enough for those - figures, the picture would have been all boat; and to have made his - figures small enough for a vessel of that size, would have rendered - them unsuitable to the rest of the set, and less considerable: there - would have been too much boat, and too little figure. - - The second, which is the delivery of the keys, has received some - injury, and is not now what Raphael made it. As this is the appearance - of our Saviour after the resurrection, present authority, late - suffering, humility and majesty, despotic command, and divine love, - are at once visible in his celestial aspect. He is wrapt only in one - large piece of white drapery, his left arm and breast are bare, and - part of his legs naked, which was undoubtedly done to denote his - appearing in his resurrection body, and not as before his crucifixion, - when this dress would have been altogether improper. The figures of - the eleven apostles all express the same passion of admiration, but - discover it differently according to their characters. Peter receives - his master’s orders on his knees, with an admiration mixed with a more - particular attention; the words used on that occasion are expressed by - our Saviour’s pointing to a flock of sheep, and St. Peter’s having - just received two keys. The two next express a more open ecstasy, - though still constrained by their awe of the divine presence. The - beloved disciple has in his countenance wonder drowned in love; and - the last personage, whose back is towards the presence, one would - fancy to be St. Thomas, whose perplexed concern could not be better - drawn, than by this acknowledgment of the difficulty to describe it. - The apostle who stands in profile immediately behind St. John, has a - yellow garment with red sleeves, which connects the figure with St. - Peter and St. John, whose draperies are of the same species of - colours; next is a loose changeable drapery, then another different - yellow with shadows bearing on the purple, all which produce wonderful - harmony. - - The third is the miracle of healing the cripple at the Beautiful Gate - of the temple. All the figures are admirably performed; the boys are - done with great judgment, and by being naked make a fine contrast. The - figures are placed at one end near the corner, which varies the side - of the picture, and gives an opportunity to enlarge the building with - a fine portico, the like of which you must imagine must be on the - other side of the main structure, all which together make a noble - piece of architecture. - - The fourth is the history of the death of Ananias. Here is the - greatest dignity in the apostles; they are however only a subordinate - group, because the principal action relates to the criminal; thither - the eye is directed by almost all the figures in the picture; what a - horror and reverence is visible in the whole assembly on this - mercenary man’s falling down dead! - - The fifth is Elymas the sorcerer struck with blindness. His whole body - from head to foot expresses his being blind. How admirably are terror - and astonishment expressed in the people present? and how variously - according to their several characters? the Proconsul has these - sentiments but as a Roman and a gentleman, the rest in several degrees - and manners. The same sentiments appear in Ananias’s death, together - with those of joy and triumph, which naturally arise in good minds - upon the fight of the divine justice and the victory of truth. - - What grace and majesty is seen in the great apostle of the gentiles, - in all his actions, preaching, rending his garments, denouncing - vengeance on the sorcerer! The Proconsul Sergius Paulus has a - greatness and grace superior to his character; and equal to what one - can suppose in Cæsar, Augustus, or Trajan. - - The sixth is the sacrifice to Paul and Barnabas by the people of - Lycaonia. The occasion of this is finely told; the man healed of his - lameness, to express his sense of the divine power which appeared in - these apostles, and to shew it to be him, not only a crutch is under - his feet on the ground, but an old man takes up the lappet of his - garment, and looks upon the limb he remembers to have been crippled, - expressing great devotion and amazement; which are sentiments seen in - the other, with a mixture of joy. - - The group of the ox and popa are taken from a bass relievo in the - Villa de Medici. - - The seventh is St. Paul preaching to the Athenians. The divine orator - is the chief figure; but with what wonderful art are almost all the - different tempers of mankind represented in that elegant audience! one - is eminently distinguished as a believer, holding out his hands in - rapture, and has the second place in the picture; another is wrapped - up in deep suspense; another saying there is some reason in what he - says; another angry and malicious at his destroying some favourite - opinion; others attentive and reasoning on the matter within - themselves, or with one another; while the generality attend, and wait - for the opinion of those who are leading characters in the assembly. - Some are placed before the apostle, some behind, not only as caring - less for the preacher or the doctrine, but to raise the apostolic - character, which would lose something of its dignity, if his maligners - were supposed to be able to look him in the face. - - This picture is conducted with the greatest judgment. The attitude of - St. Paul is as fine as possible, pointing out his hands to the statue - of Mercury, alluding to their idolatry; for the men of Lystra would - call him by that name, and worship him as a God presiding over - eloquence. Thus the picture shews the subject of his preaching. The - little drapery thrown over the apostle’s shoulder, and hanging down to - his waist, poises the figure, which otherwise would seem ready to - tumble forwards. The drapery is red and green, the back ground is - expressive of the superstition St. Paul was preaching against, as - above-mentioned. No historian, orator or poet, can possibly give so - great an idea of the eloquent and zealous apostle as this figure does: - for there we see a person, whose face and action no words can - sufficiently describe; but which assure us as much as those can, that - that divine man must speak with good sense and to the purpose. - - There were in all twelve of these pieces, two of which are in the - possession of the French King: the King of Sardinia has two of the - others, and one belonged to a gentleman in England, who pledged it for - a sum of money: but when the person who had taken this valuable - deposit found it was to be redeemed, being very unwilling to part with - it, he greatly damaged the drawing; for which the gentleman brought - his action, and it was tried in Westminster hall, where the picture - was produced. The subject was Herod’s cruelty, and indeed, the cruel - malice of the person sued, seemed to flow from a principle perhaps - equally diabolical and inexcusable. - - Over the chimney piece in this gallery is a fine bas-relief in white - marble of Venus drawn in her chariot, and attended by several Cupids. - - We come next to the Queen’s staircase, where the ceiling is painted by - Vick. Here is King Charles II. and Catharine his Queen, with the Duke - of Buckingham representing Science in the habit of Mercury, while Envy - is struck down by naked boys. There are also other ornaments done by - Mr. Kent. - - From the Queen’s stair case, we descend into a new quadrangle, in the - middle of which is a round bason, and four large lamps on pedestals of - iron work; and on the right hand over the windows, are the twelve - labours of Hercules done in fresco. - - We shall conclude our account with observing, that the whole palace - consists of three quadrangles. The first and second are Gothic, but in - the latter is a most beautiful colonade of the Ionic order, the - columns in couplets, built by Sir Christopher Wren. Through this, as - was before observed, you pass into the third court or quadrangle, in - which are the royal apartments, which are magnificently built of brick - and stone by King William III. The print shews two sides of these new - buildings. The gardens are not in the present natural stile, but in - that which prevailed some years ago, when mathematical figures were - preferred to natural forms. - -HANAPER _Office_, an office in Chancery under the direction of the - Master of the Hanaper, his deputy, the clerk, sometimes called the - Warden of the Hanaper, and the six clerks in Chancery for the time - being, who are comptrollers of the Hanaper. The clerk of the Hanaper - receives all money due for charters, patents, commissions, and writs; - attends the Lord Keeper daily in term time, and at all times of - sealing, with leather bags, in which are put all sealed charters, - patents, and the like; and delivered to the comptroller of the - Hanaper. Mr. Chamberlain supposes, that instead of leather bags the - clerk of the Hanaper formerly carried a hamper, and that from thence - he was called the clerk of the Hamper or Hanaper. - -HAND _alley_, 1. High Holborn.* 2. Long alley, Moorfields.* 3. Norfolk - street.* 4. Petticoat lane and Bishopsgate street.* 5. Snow hill.* 6. - Wormwood street.* - -HAND AND CROWN _alley_, Cow Cross.* - -HAND AND PEN _alley_, Tower hill.* - -HAND _court_, 1. Petticoat lane.* 2. Philip lane, London Wall.* 3. Near - the Steel yard, Thames street.* - -HAND AND CROWN _court_, 1. Chiswell street.* 2. Gravel lane.* 3. Orchard - street.* - -HAND AND HOLYBUSH _court_, St. Clement’s.* - -HAND AND PEN _court_, 1. Barbican.* 2. Great Tower hill.* 3. Leadenhall - street.* - -HANDCOCK’S _yard_, Brown’s lane, Spitalfields.* - -HAND IN HAND _alley_, St. Olave’s street.* - -HAND IN HAND FIRE OFFICE, in Angel court, Snow hill, opposite St. - Sepulchre’s church, for insuring only houses, was erected in the year - 1696, by about one hundred persons, who entering into a mutual - agreement to insure each other from losses by having their houses - consumed by fire, formed a deed of settlement for that purpose, which - was inrolled in Chancery on the 24th of January 1698, and this deed - being signed by every person desirous of becoming a member, he or she - is by this means admitted into the joint copartnership, and becomes an - equal sharer in the profit and loss, in proportion to his or her - respective insurance. - - The conditions of insurance are, two shillings _per cent._ premium, - and ten shillings _per cent._ deposit on brick houses, and double - those sums on timber houses in the cities of London and Westminster, - and within five computed miles from the same, to be paid on insuring - for a term not exceeding seven years. - - Houses in the country, beyond five, and so far as twenty computed - miles from the said cities are to pay an additional premium of one - shilling _per cent._ on brick, and double on timber; and beyond twenty - so far as thirty computed miles from the said cities, being the limits - of insurance by this office, an additional premium of two shillings - _per cent._ on brick, and double on timber, the deposit being the same - in all places. Houses with party-walls of brick or stone are to be - accounted brick, and those which have not such party-walls to be - accounted timber houses. Thatched are not to be insured. - - Any number of contiguous houses, not exceeding the value of three - hundred pounds, may be insured in one policy. - - No more than two thousand pounds can be insured on one house in a - policy: but halls, hospitals, and other large buildings, divided by - brick or stone partitions, may each be insured in several policies. - - At the expiration of policies, or whatever time the property in their - houses ceases, all persons may on application to the office, receive - the deposit, together with the dividends of profit made every year - from the premium and interest of money, after the charges of the - office are paid, deducting their proportion of contributions towards - losses, during the time they have been insured. - - Hence it plainly appears, that the whole money paid on insuring, both - premium and deposit, is in effect only deposited, to make good losses - by fire and the charges of the office; it being all returned, except - what is applied to those purposes. - - Contributions are laid when fires happen, and dividends made every - year by the Directors, which are registered in tables hung up in the - office, to be perused by the members. - - All the members or persons insured, have the liberty of examining all - the books and papers of the office, at seasonable hours, gratis. - - No person insured is obliged to pay above ten shillings _per cent._ - Contribution for brick, and double for timber houses, more than the - money first deposited. This being now upwards of 80,000_l._ valuing - the public securities at _Par_, must all be exhausted by losses - happening almost together, before any call can be made from the - members. - - The affairs of the office are managed by twenty-four Directors, - without any salary or reward, who are chosen by balloting for three - years, from amongst, and by the persons insured, in the way of an - annual rotation, eight new ones every year, on the three days - immediately preceding the general meeting in November. They meet at - the office in Angel court on Snow hill, to transact business, every - Tuesday at three in the afternoon. - - Every house before it can be insured, must be surveyed by a person - employed by the office, and in case of a loss or damage, is to be put - into the condition it was in before the fire, allowing not more than - three shillings a yard for painting, nor above thirty pounds for any - chimney piece; or else the whole sum insured is to be paid to the - sufferer without any deduction. - - Nothing is more evident than that the profits of insurance, which in - the offices insuring for gain are divided on their capital stock, are - here, together with the salaries of the Directors, applied to the - benefit of the insured. The consequence of which is, that this office - having paid above two hundred and fifty thousand pounds for losses; - the charge to the injured from its beginning in the year 1696, has - been at a medium under nine-pence a year for one hundred pounds - insured on brick houses. - - The surveyors are to survey houses with all convenient expedition - after directions are left, without any fee or reward. - - The clerks give constant attendance at the office, from eight in the - morning to six in the evening. _The proposals delivered by the Office, - October 10, 1758._ - - This company keep in their service thirty firemen, who are annually - clothed, and have each a badge, on which are two hands joined and a - crown over them. - -HAND IN HAND _yard_, Old Horselydown lane.* - -HAND _yard_, Thames street.* - -HANGING LION _yard_, Nightingale lane, East Smithfield.* - -HANGING SWORD _alley_, 1. Quaker street.* 2. Water lane, Fleet street.* - -HANGING SWORD _court_, Water lane, Fleet street.* - -HANGMAN’S _acre_, King David’s fort, near Bluegate fields. - -HANGMAN’S GAINS, St. Catherines. Mr. Strype observes, that the towns of - Calais, Hammes, and Guisnes, being lost in the reign of Queen Mary, - many of the inhabitants fled to England, and wanting habitations, a - part of St. Catharine’s where this lane is now built, was allowed - them, which from the countries whence they came was called Hammes and - Guisnes, which at length by a vulgar corruption was changed to - Hangman’s gains. - -HANGMAN’S GAINS _alley_, St. Catharine’s. - -HANNOWAY _street_, Tottenham Court road.† - -HANOVER _court_, 1. Grub street. 2. Houndsditch. 3. In the Minories. - -HANOVER _square_, so called in compliment to the present royal family, - has Oxford road on the north; Swallow street in the east; Conduit - street on the south; and New Bond street on the west. The area of the - square contains about two acres of ground, in the middle of which is a - garden inclosed with rails; the houses are new built in the modern - taste; they make a grand appearance, and are inhabited by noblemen and - gentlemen of distinguished rank. - - The author of the Review of the public buildings remarks, that the - upper end of Great George street towards Hanover square is laid out so - considerably wider than at the other end, that it quite reverses the - perspective, and shews the end of the vista broader than the - beginning; which was calculated to give a noble view of this square - from its entrance, and a better prospect down the street from the - other side, and both way the effects answer the intention. He adds, - that the view down George street, from the upper side of the square, - is one of the most entertaining in this whole city: the sides of the - square, the area in the middle, the breaks of building that form the - entrance of the vista, the vista itself, but above all, the beautiful - projection of the portico of St. George’s church, are all - circumstances that unite in beauty, and render the scene perfect. - -HANOVER _street_, 1. Hanover square. 2. Long Acre. 3. Rotherhith Wall. - -HANOVER _stairs_, Hanover street, Rotherhith. - -HANOVER _yard_, St. Giles’s. - -HANSON’S _alley_, St. Giles’s Broad street.† - -HARCOURT’S _buildings_, Inner Temple.† - -HARDING’S _alley_, Petty France, Westminster.† - -HARE _alley_, Shoreditch.* - -HARE _court_, 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. Hare street, Spitalfields.* 3. - Inner Temple.* 4. Little Knightrider’s street.* 5. Petticoat lane.* 6. - Upper Ground.* - -HARE COURT _buildings_, Inner Temple.* - -HAREFIELD, a village in Middlesex, near the river Coln, between - Rickmansworth and Uxbridge, about twenty miles from London. _Harefield - Place_ is the seat of Sir Roger Newdigate, Bart. Here also George - Cooke, Esq; the present member for the county of Middlesex, has a - handsome seat and park. - -HARE _marsh_, Hare street.* - -HARE _street_, Brick lane, Spitalfields.* - -HARE _yard_, Hoxton.* - -HARLEY _street_, as does most of the other streets near it, took its - name from the late Earl of Oxford, the ground landlord, who left it to - his lady. This is a noble new street, extending northward from - Cavendish square where Sir Richard Littleton’s house is at the corner. - -HARP _alley_, 1. Grub street.* 2. Little Knightrider’s street.* 3. - Saffron hill.* 4. Shoe lane.* - -HARP _court_, Little Knightrider’s street.* - -HARP _lane_, Tower street.* - -HARP _yard_, Black horse yard, Fleet street.* - -HARPER’S _alley_, Fore street, Lambeth.† - -HARPER’S _walk_, Fore street, Lambeth.† - -HARRIE’S _gun wharf_, Millbank.† - -HARRISON’S _court_, Brook street.† - -HARRIS’S _court_, Ratcliff Highway.† - -HARRIS’S _rents_, Rosemary lane.† - -HARROLD’S _court_, Coal yard.† - -HARROW _alley_, 1. St. Catharine’s.* 2. Holborn.* 3. Mint street.* 4. - Old Gravel lane.* 5. Old street.* 6. Petticoat lane.* 7. Whitechapel.* - -HARROW _corner_, 1. Bennet’s hill.* 2. Deadman’s place.* 3. Fleet lane.* - 4. Long lane.* - -HARROW _dunghil_, Mint street.* - -HARROW _dunghil yard_, Old Horselydown.* - -HARROW _yard_, Ropemakers fields.* - -HARROW ON THE HILL, is situated in Middlesex, fifteen miles N. W. from - London, on the highest hill in the county, on the summit of which - stands the church, which has a very high spire. This parish is famous - for a free school founded by Mr. John Lyons in the reign of Queen - Elizabeth; and every 4th of August a select number of the scholars, - dressed in the habit of archers, come with their bows, and shoot at a - mark for a silver arrow. - -HARTFORD, or HERTFORD, the county town of Hartfordshire, is situated on - the river Lea, twenty-three miles from London, and is a place of great - antiquity. It is said to have been of some note even in the time of - the ancient Britons; here the Saxon Kings frequently kept their - courts, and here King Alfred built a castle, by which he destroyed the - Danish vessels that passed from the Thames up the river Lea. The town - had its first charter granted by Queen Mary, by which it was made a - corporation, and King James I. granted it a new one. The town is - pleasantly situated in a dry and healthful vale, and built in the form - of a Y with a castle in the middle of the two horns. It is governed by - a High Steward, who is generally a nobleman, and by a Mayor, nine - Aldermen, a Recorder, a Town Clerk, a Chamberlain, ten capital - Burgesses, with sixteen Assistants, and two serjeants at mace. Here - were five churches, which are reduced to two. In that of St. Andrew’s - there is not only a seat for the Mayor and Aldermen, but another for - the Governors of Christ Church hospital in London, and a gallery, in - which 200 of the children of that hospital may be accommodated; for - the Governors have erected an handsome house in the town for such - children, as either wanted health, or are too young for that hospital. - Here is also a handsome free school, and three charity schools; but - tho’ the splendor of the town is much diminished, since the north road - from London was turned through Ware, yet the county jail is still kept - here, and the jail delivery in the castle. This town has the honour of - giving the title of Earl to the Duke of Somerset, and of sending two - members to parliament. The chief commodities of its market are wool, - wheat, and malt, and it is said to send 5000 quarters of malt weekly - to London by the river Lea. - - Near this town is a seat of the late Governor Harrison, pleasantly - situated on a hill that commands a fine prospect of the country all - around; and its neighbourhood is a seat of the Clarks, which also - enjoys a delightful situation. - -HARTINGFORDBURY, a village a little to the west of Hartford, near which - the Earl Cowper has a handsome seat, built by his father, the Lord - Chancellor of that name. - -HART _alley_, Grub street, Fore street.* - -HART _court_, Little Knightrider’s street.* - -HART ROW _street_, without Newgate.* - -HART _street_, 1. Bloomsbury. 2. By Bow street, Covent Garden. 3. - Cripplegate. 4. Duke street. 5. Mark lane, Fenchurch street. - -HARTSHORN _court_, 1. Golden lane. 2. Moor lane. - -HARTSHORN _lane_, in the Strand, lately by Northumberland house, leading - down from the Strand to the water side; but it is now demolished, and - a handsome street building in its room, which, it is said, will be - called Northumberland street, from the present Earl of Northumberland - to whom it belongs. - -HARVEY’S _court_, in the Strand.† - -HARWAR’S _Almshouse_, in Kingsland road, was founded by Mr. Samuel - Harwar, citizen and draper, in the year 1713, for twelve single men - and women, six of whom are to be put in by the company of Drapers, and - the other six by the parish of St. Leonard, Shoreditch: each of whom - is allowed six shillings a month, and eighteen bushels of coals a - year. - -HARWOOD’S _court_, 1. Wellclose square. 2. Well street. - -HARWOOD’S _yard_, Holiwell street.* - -HASS _park_, Wheeler street. - -HASTEWOOD’S _court_, Blue Anchor alley.† - -HASTING’S _court_, 1. Ratcliff Highway.† 2. Upper Shadwell.† - -HAT AND MITRE _court_, St. John’s street.* - -HATBANDMAKERS, a company incorporated by letters patent granted by King - Charles I. in the year 1638. They have a Master, two Wardens, and - twelve Assistants; but have neither livery nor hall. - - This fraternity during the wear of rich hatbands, was in a flourishing - condition; but this part of dress having been many years out of - fashion, the trade of making hatbands is almost dwindled to nothing, - so that there are at present but two or three of the company who are - really hatbandmakers. _Maitland._ - -HATCHET _alley_, 1. Church lane, Whitechapel. 2. East Smithfield. 3. - Little Britain. 4. Little Tower hill. - -HATE _street_, Greek street, Soho. - -HATFIELD, a town in Hertfordshire, twenty miles from London, was called - Bishops-Hatfield, from its belonging to the Bishops of Ely. Here - Theodore Archbishop of Canterbury held a synod, against the Eutychean - opinions; and here was once a royal palace, from whence both Edward - VI. and Queen Elizabeth were conducted to the throne. The rectory, - which is in the Earl of Salisbury’s gift, is computed at 800_l._ a - year. - - The Earl of Salisbury has here a noble seat built by the great Lord - Burleigh, called Hatfield House. The park and gardens, in which is a - vineyard, is watered by the river Lea. - -HATFIELD _street_, Goswell street. - -HATTON _court_, 1. Saffron hill. 2. Thread-needle street. - -HATTON _garden_, Holborn, a broad straight and long street, in which the - houses are pretty lofty; but tho’ they are plain and unadorned on the - outside, yet there being something like regularity in the buildings, - they appear to great advantage; and the street affording a fine vista, - may justly be reckoned among the handsomest within the liberties of - the city. Mr. Strype observes, that here was anciently situated the - mansion house of the Bishop of Ely; adjoining to it was an orchard and - pasture of about forty acres inclosed with a wall, which falling to - the Crown at the death of Bishop Cox, she granted it to the Lord - Chancellor Hatton, and his heirs for ever. Upon which the house was - pulled down, and Hatton Garden, and several other streets erected on - this estate. _Strype’s Stow._ - -HATTON _wall_, at the end of Hatton garden; probably so called from its - being at the extremity of the wall of the garden in which the street - called Hatton Garden was built. See the preceding article. - -HATTON _yard_, Hatton Wall.† - -HAVILAND’S _rents_, St. Catharine’s.† - -HAUNCH OF VENSION _yard_, Brook street.* - -HAWKERS AND PEDLERS _Office_, for granting licences to the hawkers and - pedlers, is kept in Holborn court, Grays Inn. These belong to this - office three commissioners, a comptroller, a cashier, nine riding - surveyors, and a supernumerary riding surveyor, each of whom has a - salary of 100_l._ a year. There are besides a few other officers with - smaller salaries. - -HAWS’S _Almshouse_, in Bow lane, Poplar, was founded in the year 1686, - for six poor women, who besides a room have thirty shillings a year - each. - -HAY _court_, near Newport market. - -HAY _hill_, Dover street. - -HAYMARKET, Pall Mall, a pretty long and spacious street, in which there - is the opera house on one side, and a small theatre on the other. It - received its name from there being a market here for hay and straw, - every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. - -HAZELWOOD _court_, Bunhill row.* - -HEATHCOCK _court_, in the Strand.* - -HEATH’S _Almshouse_, in Almshouse row,* in the Lower street, Islington, - was founded by John Heath, Esq; in the year 1648, for the reception of - ten decayed members of the clothworkers company, who annually receive - from their corporation, who are trustees for this foundation, the sum - 6_l._ each. _Maitland._ - -HEATH’S _rents_, Church lane, Rag Fair.† - -HEDDON’S _court_, Swallow street.† - -HEDDON’S _street_, Swallow street.† - -HEDGE _alley_, Barnaby street. - -HEDGE _lane_, Charing Cross, so called from its being formerly inclosed - all along between two hedges. _Maitland._ - -HEDGERS _court_, St. Thomas’s, Southwark. - -HEDLEY, a village in Surry, three miles from Epsom. - -_St._ HELEN’S _Church_, situated in a spacious court, on the east side - of Bishopsgate street, called Little St. Helen’s, is thus denominated - from its dedication to St. Helena, the mother of Constantine the - Great. This church escaped the flames in 1666, and is no ill monument - of the taste of the time in which it was erected. It is a Gothic - structure of the lighter kind; and consists of a plain body, with - large windows not too much encumbered with ornaments. It has a tower - wrought with rustic at the corners, and crowned with a turret and dome - in which is a bell. - - In this church was formerly a figure of the Trinity, and a high altar - of St. Helena, to which much devotion was paid. The church is now a - vicarage in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul’s. - - In the north isle is the following inscription, on a large handsome - piece of black marble, under which are placed the remains of the wife, - son, and daughter of Mr. Thomas Payne, bookseller. - - Silent grave, to thee I trust - These precious piles of lovely dust; - Keep them safely, sacred tomb, - Till a father asks for room. - -_Priory of St._ HELEN’S, was a convent of Black Nuns, founded in the - reign of Henry III. by the above church; but was surrendered to the - Crown in the thirteenth year of the reign of Henry VIII. The nuns - hall, and other houses belonging to the priory, have been since - purchased by the leathersellers company, and is their common hall. - -HELMET _alley_, Fore street, Cripplegate.* - -HELMET _court_, 1. Butcher Row, Temple Bar.* 2. Near Catharine street, - in the Strand.* 3. Fore street, Cripplegate.* 4. London Wall.* 5. In - the Minories.* 6. Thames street.* 7. Wormwood street.* - -HELMET _row_, Old street.* - -HEMLOCK _court_, Carey street, Lincoln’s Inn fields. - -HEMMING’S _row_, St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross.† - -HEMP _yard_, 1. Creechurch lane. 2. Petticoat lane. 3. Seething lane. - -HEMPSTED, or HEMEL-HEMPSTED, a town in Hertfordshire, situated about - eight miles to the west of St. Alban’s, is esteemed one of the - greatest markets for wheat in this county, if not in England: it is - kept on Thursday, and 20,0001. a week is often returned in it for meal - only. Eleven mills stand within four miles of the place, which bring a - great trade to it; but by this means the road is so continually torn, - that it is one of the worst turnpike ways round London. - -HEN _court_, Golden lane.* - -HEN AND CHICKENS _court_, Fleet street.* - -HENNAGE _lane_, Duke’s Place. - -HENRIETTA _street_, 1. Cavendish square. 2. Covent Garden. - -HENRY _street_, Old street. - -HEPPER’S _wharf_, near Puddle dock, Thames street.† - -HEPWORTH’S _alley_, Dancing Bridge.† - -HERALDS _Office_, or the _College of Arms_, is situated upon St. - Bennet’s hill, near Doctors Commons, at the south west end of St. - Paul’s cathedral. This office was destroyed by the dreadful - conflagration in 1666, and rebuilt about three years after. It is a - square, inclosed by regular brick buildings, which are extremely neat - without expensive decorations. The floors are raised above the level - of the ground, and there is an ascent to them by flights of plain - steps. The principal front is in the lower story ornamented with - rustic, upon which are placed four Ionic pilasters, that support an - angular pediment. The sides which are conformable to this have arched - pediments, that are also supported by Ionic pilasters. On the inside - is a large room for keeping the court of honour; a library; with - houses and apartments for the King’s Heralds and Pursuivants. - - This corporation consists of thirteen members, viz. three Kings at - arms, six Heralds at arms, and four Pursuivants at arms; who are - nominated by the Earl Marshal of England, as ministers subordinate to - him in the execution of their offices, and hold their places by - patent, during their good behaviour. They are all the King’s servants - in ordinary, and therefore in the vacancy of the office of Earl - Marshal, have been sworn into their offices by the Lord Chamberlain. - Their meetings are termed chapters, which they hold the first Thursday - in every month, or oftener, if necessary, wherein all matters are - determined by a majority of voices of the Kings and Heralds, each King - having two voices. - - The Kings are Garter, Clarenceux and Norroy. Garter was instituted by - King Henry V. in the year 1417, for the service of the most noble - order of the Garter: and for the dignity of that order, he was made - Sovereign, within the office of arms, over all the other officers - subject to the crown of England, by the name of _Garter King of Arms - of England_. By the constitution of his office he must be a native of - England, and a gentleman bearing arms. To him belongs the correction - of arms, and all ensigns of arms usurped or borne unjustly; and the - power of granting arms to deserving persons, and supporters to the - nobility and Knights of the Bath. It is likewise his office to go next - before the sword in solemn processions, none interposing, except the - Marshal; to administer the oath to all the officers of arms; to have a - habit like the register of the order; with Baron’s service in the - court, and lodgings in Windsor Castle; he bears his white rod with a - banner of the ensigns of the order thereon before the Sovereign; when - any Lord enters the parliament chamber, it is his post to assign him - his place, according to his dignity and degree; to carry the ensigns - of the order to foreign Princes, and to do, or procure to be done, - what the Sovereign shall enjoin relating to the order; for the - execution of which he has a salary of 100_l._ a year payable at the - Exchequer, and 100_l._ more out of the revenue of the order; besides - his fees. - - The others are called Provincial Kings, and their provinces together, - comprise the whole kingdom of England; that of Clarenceux - comprehending all to the south of the river Trent; and that of Norroy, - all to the north of that river: but tho’ these provincials have - existed time immemorial, they were not constituted to these offices by - the titles of Clarenceux and Norroy before Edward III. - - Clarenceux is thus named from the Duke of Clarence, the third son of - King Edward III. It is his duty, according to his commission, to visit - his province, to survey the arms of all persons, &c. and to register - their descents, marriages, &c. to marshal the funerals of all persons - in his province not under the direction of Garter; and in his province - to grant arms, with the consent of the Earl Marshal. Before the - institution of Garter he was the principal officer of arms, and in the - vacancy of Garter he executes his office. Besides his fees, he has a - salary from the Exchequer of 40_l._ a year. - - The duty and office of Norroy, or North Roy, that is North King, is - the same on the north of the Trent, as that of Clarenceux on the - south. - - The Kings of arms were formerly erected by the Sovereign with great - solemnity, upon some high festival; but since the ceremonies used at - the creation of Peers have been laid aside, the Kings of arms have - been created by the Earl Marshal, by virtue of the Sovereign’s - warrant: upon this occasion he takes his oath; wine is poured upon his - head out of a gilt cup, with a cover; his title is pronounced; and he - invested with a tabart of the royal arms, richly embroidered upon - velvet; a collar of SS. with two portcullises of silver gilt; a gold - chain, with a badge of his office, and the Earl Marshal places on his - head the crown of a King of arms, which formerly resembled a ducal - coronet; but since the restoration it has been adorned with leaves - resembling those of the oak, and circumscribed, according to ancient - custom, with the words, MISERERE MEI DEUS SECUNDUM MAGNAM - MISERICORDIAM TUAM. Garter has also a mantle of crimson sattin, as an - officer of the order; with a white rod or scepter with the Sovereign’s - arms on the top, which he bears in the presence of the Sovereign; and - he is sworn in a chapter of the Garter, the Sovereign investing him - with the ensigns of his office. - - The Kings of arms are distinguished from each other by their - respective badges, which they may wear at all times, either in a gold - chain or a ribbon, Garter’s being blue and the Provincials purple. - - The six Heralds are Windsor, Chester, Lancaster, York, Richmond, and - Somerset, who take place according to seniority in office. They are - created with the same ceremonies as the Kings, taking the oath of an - Herald, and are inverted with a tabart of the royal arms, embroidered - upon sattin, not so rich as the Kings, but better than the - Pursuivants, and a silver collar of SS. They are Esquires by creation, - and have a salary of 26_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._ _per annum_, and fees - according to their degree. - - The Kings and Heralds are sworn upon a sword as well as the book, to - shew that they are military, as well as civil officers. - - The four Pursuivants, who are, Rougecroix, Bluemantle, Rougedragon, - and Portcullis, are also created by the Earl Marshal, when they take - their oath of a Pursuivant, and are invested with a tabart of the - royal arms upon damask. They have a salary of 20_l._ a year, with fees - according to their degree. It is the duty of the Heralds and - Pursuivants, to attend in the public office, one of each class - together, by a monthly rotation. - - Besides these particular duties of the several classes, it is the - general duty both of the Kings, Heralds, and Pursuivants, to attend - his Majesty at the house of Peers, and, upon certain high festivals, - to the chapel royal; to make proclamations; to marshal the proceedings - at all public processions; to attend the installation of the Knights - of the Garter, &c. - - All these officers have apartments in the college, annexed to their - respective offices. They have likewise a public hall, in which is a - court for the Earl Marshal, where courts of chivalry are occasionally - held, and the officers of arms attend in their tabarts, his Lordship - being present. Their public library contains a large and valuable - collection of original records of the pedigrees and arms of families, - funeral certificates of the nobility and gentry, public ceremonials, - and other branches of heraldry and antiquities; and there have been - few works published, relating to the history and antiquities of this - kingdom, in which the authors have not received some assistance from - this library, where attendance is daily given by two officers for the - public emolument. _Instructions communicated by Stephen Martin Leake, - Esq; Garter King of Arms, to Mr. Maitland._ - -HERBERT’S _grounds_, Bandyleg Walk.† - -HERBERT’S _passage_, Beaufort Buildings.† - -HERCULES PILLARS _alley_, Fleet street.* - -HERCULES _yard_, Turnmill street.* - -HERMITAGE _bridge_, Hermitage dock. - -HERMITAGE _court_, Red Maid lane, near the Hermitage. - -HERMITAGE, Dock side. There were formerly several hermitages on the - ground on which London now stands. - -HERMITAGE _stairs_, Wapping. - -HERMITAGE _street_, Wapping. - -HERMITAGE _yard_, Parish street. - -HERON’S _yard_, Marsham street.† - -HERTFORD’S _court_, Fenchurch street.† - -HESTON, a village in Middlesex, to the north west of Hounslow. - -HEWET’S _court_, in the Strand.† - -HEWEY _court_, near Halfmoon street, in the Strand.† - -HEYDON _court_, Heydon square.† - -HEYDON _passage_, Heydon square.† - -HEYDON _square_, on the east side of the Minories.† - -HEYDON _yard_, Heydon square.† - -HICKMAN’S _court_, Mill street.† - -HICK’S _court_, Shoreditch.† - -HICKS’S HALL, in St. John’s street, facing West Smithfield, is the - county hall in which the justices of Middlesex hold their sessions. - This is a very plain brick edifice with a portico at the entrance. It - was built by Sir Baptist Hicks, Viscount Campden, who was for some - time a mercer in Cheapside, and died in 1629, and from him it received - its name. _Stow._ - -HICKS’S _yard_, Angel alley, Little Moorfields.† - -HIDE PARK, is in a very fine situation to the west of the new buildings - of London, from which it extends to Kensington; it being encompassed - by a wall, and well stocked with deer. There is a place in it called - the _Ring_, which used formerly to be frequented by people of fashion - in their coaches. Mr. Misson, who published an account of his travels - over England, speaking of this _Ring_, which was then in vogue, says, - “The coaches drive round and round, and when they have turned for some - time round one way, they face about and turn t’other: so rolls the - world.” Here is a bason of water, formed to supply the above-mentioned - new buildings, and a fine serpentine river. There are several good - prospects from it. A magazine for gunpowder has been lately built in - this Park near the Ring. - -HIDE PARK _corner_, Piccadilly, by the corner of Hide Park. - -HIDE PARK _street_, Hide Park. - -HIDE _street_, Bloomsbury. - -HIDE’S _court_, 1. King street, Golden square.† 2. Noble street.† 3. - Hide’s rents, Chick lane.† - -HIGH HOLBORN, that part of Holborn beyond the bars, and out of the - liberties of the city. - -HIGH HOLBORN LIBERTY, which consists of that part without the bars, is - one of the two liberties in the county of Middlesex and hundred of - Osulston, belonging to the parish of St. Andrew, Holborn; though by - its separate government, (exclusive of that of the church) it acts in - all respects as if independent. _Maitland._ - -HIGH _street_, 1. Aldgate. 2. Coverlead’s fields. 3. St. Giles’s. - -HIGH TIMBER _street_, Broken Wharf. - -HIGHGATE, a large and populous village in Middlesex, a little above four - miles north of London, is so called from its high situation on the top - of a hill, and a gate erected there above 400 years ago, to receive - toll for the Bishop of London; upon an old miry road from Grays Inn - lane to Barnet, being turned through that Bishop’s park. The church, - which is a very old edifice, is a chapel of ease to Pancras and - Hornsey; and where it stands was formerly an hermitage; near which the - Lord Chief Baron Cholmondeley built and endowed a free school in 1562, - which was enlarged in the year 1570, by Edwin Sandys, Bishop of - London, and a chapel added to it. There are also here several - dissenting meeting houses. On the side next London, the fineness of - the prospect over the city, as far as Shooter’s hill, and below - Greenwich, has occasioned several handsome edifices to be built; - particularly a very fine house erected by the late Sir William - Ashurst. It is remarkable that most of the public houses in Highgate - have a large pair of horns placed over the sign; and that when any of - the country people stop for refreshment, a pair of large horns fixed - to the end of a staff, is brought to them, and they are earnestly - pressed to be sworn. If they consent, a kind of burlesque oath is - administered; that they will never eat brown bread when they can get - white; never kiss the maid when they can kiss the mistress; and - abundance of other things of the same kind, which they repeat after - the person who brings the horns, with one hand fixed upon them. This - ridiculous ceremony is altered according to the sex of the person who - is sworn; who is allowed to add to each article, except I like the - other better; the whole being over, he or she must kiss the horns, and - pay a shilling for the oath, to be spent among the company, to which - he or she belongs. - -HIGHGATE _road_, Tottenham court. - -HILLIARD’S _court_, Old Gravel lane.† - -HILLINGTON, or HILLINGDON, the name of two villages in Middlesex, - situated near each other, at a small distance from Uxbridge, and - distinguished by the epithets Great and Little. The church of Great - Hillington is a vicarage, to which the town of Uxbridge is a hamlet, - and here Meinhardt, late Duke of Schomberg had a seat; and Mr. - Chetwynd has one at Little Hillington. - -HILL’S _Almshouse_, in Rochester row, Tothill fields, was erected in the - year 1708, pursuant to the will of Emery Hill, Esq; for the use of six - poor men and their wives, and six poor widows. The former are allowed - 7_l._ 4_s._ and a chaldron of coals every year; and the latter 5_l._ - and a chaldron of coals _per annum_, and a gown every other year. - - The same gentleman erected an almshouse in Petty France, Westminster, - in the year 1677, for the reception of three men and their wives; but - left it to be endowed out of the surplusage of the above almshouse; - however it does not appear that there ever was any surplus. - _Maitland._ - -HILL’S _rents_, Helmet court, Butcher Row, near Temple Bar.† - -HILL’S _wharf_, Wapping Wall.† - -HILL’S _yard_, Shoreditch. - -HIND _court_, 1. Coleman street, Lothbury. 2. Drury lane. 3. Fleet - street. - -HIND’S _alley_, Maiden lane.† - -HIND’S _rents_, Maze Pond street.† - -HINTON’S _Almshouse_, in Plough alley, Barbican, was erected in the year - 1732,pursuant to the will of Alice Hinton, of Hackney, widow, who - bequeathed the sum of 2000_l._ for erecting and endowing an almshouse - for twelve poor widows of the parish of St. Giles, Cripplegate; but - the building was only erected for six, occasioned, it is said, by the - loss of effects at sea, and 700_l._ by African stock. Each widow has, - however, two neat rooms, and the house is endowed with 22_l._ _per - annum_, arising from ground rent. _Maitland._ - -HITCHCOCK’S _yard_, Newington Causeway.† - -HOAR’S _yard_, Bishopsgate street.† - -HOBBIN’S _court_, Long lane, Southwark.† - -HOBB’S _rents_, Marigold street.† - -HOCKENHUIL’S _court_, Black Eagle street, Spitalfields.† - -HOCKLEY _in the Hole_, near Clerkenwell. - -HODDESDON, a hamlet situated on the river Lea, in the parish of Amswell - and Brocksbourn in Hertfordshire, nineteen miles from London. Queen - Elizabeth granted a grammar school to be kept here, and an almshouse - was founded in the reign of King Henry VI. by Richard Rich, Sheriff of - London. It is a great thoroughfare on the north road, and has a market - on Thursday, and fair eleven days after St. Peter’s. - -HODGE’S _rents_, Nightingale lane.† - -HOG _alley_, East Smithfield.* - -HOG ISLAND, Liquorpond street. - -HOG _land_, 1. St. Giles’s Pound.* 2. Norton Falgate.* - -HOG _yard_, 1. East Smithfield.* 2. Flemish church yard.* 3. Kent - street.* 4. Liquorpond street. 5. Tothill street.* 6. White’s yard, - Rosemary lane.* - -HOLAND’S _court_, Back alley, Wapping.† - -HOLAND’S LEGURE, near Green walk.† - -HOLAND’S LEGURE _walk_, Green walk.† - -HOLAND _street_, 1. Black Friars. 2. Great Wardour street. - -HOLBORN, extends from the bottom of Snow hill to Broad St. Giles’s. This - street was anciently a village called Oldborne, built on the bank of a - brook or borne called Olborne, or Holbourn, that sprung up near Middle - row, and flowed down the hill in a clear current, till it fell into - the river of Wells at Holborn bridge. Along this rivulet the village - gradually extended itself west ward, and communicated its name to this - long and spacious street, afterwards built upon the same spot. This - brook now runs the same course along the common sewer. Holborn was - first paved from the bridge to the bars in the year 1535. - -HOLBORN _bars_, near the end of Gray’s Inn lane, where the liberties of - the city end on that side. - -HOLBORN _bridge_, a bridge erected over Fleet ditch, at the bottom of - Holborn hill, where the river of Wells, also called Turnmill brook, - fell into it. - -HOLBORN _court_, the first court in Gray’s Inn, on passing through the - gate out of Holborn. - -HOLBORN _hill_, the descent at the east end of Holborn. - -HOLBORN _row_, Lincoln’s Inn fields. - -HOLDEN, or _Nonsuch court_, Gracechurch street.† - -HOLDING _street_, Rotherhith. - -HOLE IN THE WALL, Little Russel street.* - -HOLE IN THE WALL _yard_, Goddard’s rents.* - -HOLFORD _alley_, Drury lane.† - -HOLFORD _court_, Fenchurch street.† - -HOLFORD’S _walk_, Fore street, Lambeth.† - -HOLIDAY’S _court_, 1. Blue Anchor alley.† 2. Narrow Wall.† - -HOLIDAY’S _yard_, Creed lane.† - -HOLIWELL, a fine spring, now choaked up with soil and a hill of rubbish - called Holiwell Mount, near Shoreditch. This spring, in the times of - popery, was famed for its miraculous virtues, and thence obtained the - name of _Holy_. - - A little to the south of this well, but within its precinct, stood an - ancient priory of Benedictine nuns, which after many repairs, was - rebuilt by Sir Thomas Lovel, Knight of the Garter, in the reigns of - Henry VII. and VIII. who also gave to this priory a considerable - benefaction in land, and was here buried in a chapel which he himself - had erected. In commemoration of this benefactor, the following lines - were curiously painted in most of the glass windows: - - _All the nunnes in Holiwell, - Pray for the soul of Thomas Lovel._ - - This priory, at the general suppression of monasteries, was - surrendered to Henry VIII. in the year 1539, and its ruins are still - to be seen in St. John’s court in Holiwell lane: the populace unjustly - consider these as the remains of St. John’s palace, tho’ it does not - appear that ever any royal mansion was in this neighbourhood. - -HOLIWELL _court_, 1. Holiwell lane, Shoreditch. 2. St. Catharine’s. - -HOLIWELL _lane_, 1. Shoreditch. 2. St. Catharine’s, Tower hill. - -HOLIWELL _mount_, Holiwell lane, Shoreditch. - -HOLIWELL _row_, Horseshoe alley, Shoreditch. - -HOLIWELL _street_, 1. Shoreditch. 2. In the Strand; so called from its - neighbourhood to St. Clement’s well. - -HOLLAND HOUSE, a little beyond Kensington, is a fine old large Gothic - structure built of brick, very pleasantly situated on a rising ground, - and is at present the seat of the right Hon. Henry Fox. The celebrated - Mr. Addison, who married the Countess of Warwick, lived in this house. - -HOLLES’S _Almshouse_, in Great St. Helen’s, near Bishopsgate street, was - founded by the Lady Holles, relict of Sir William Holles, Lord Mayor - of London, in the year 1539, for six poor men or women, and endowed - with 10_l._ a year, out of which each person was to receive 7_d._ a - week, and the surplus to be laid out in coals for their use. - - As an addition to this foundation, Alice Smith of London, widow, - devised lands to the value of 15_l._ a year; which, with the above - mentioned, being greatly increased in their revenues, the company of - Skinners, who are the trustees, have rebuilt the house in a handsome - manner, and augmented the pensions of the poor. _Maitland._ - -HOLLIS _street_, 1. Clare market.† 2. Oxford street.† - -_The_ HOLLOW, near Brick lane. - -HOLLOWAY _court_, Nevil’s court, Rosemary lane. - -HOLLYBUSH _court_, St. Clement’s, Temple Bar.* - -HOLMAN’S _alley_, Bunhill row.† - -HOLYWELL. See HOLIWELL. - -HOMERTON, a hamlet belonging to Hackney. - -HONESTY’S _square_, Chick lane. - -HONESTY’S _yard_, St. James’s court, Chick lane. - -HONEY _court yard_, Ailesbury street. - -HONEY _lane_, Cheapside. - -HONEY _lane market_, behind the north side of Cheapside, facing Bow - church. After the fire of London, Honey lane, and other buildings, - were converted into this market, among which was the parish church of - Allhallows Honey lane. It is the smallest market in the city, being - but 193 feet in length from east to west, and 97 from north to south. - In the middle is a market house, which stands on pillars, has rooms - over it, and is crowned with a bell tower. In this market there are - 135 standing stalls for butchers covered over, and also several stalls - for fruiterers; the passages into it are inhabited by fishmongers, - poulterers, &c. It is famous for the goodness of the provisions sold - there, with which it is well supplied on Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays, - and Saturdays. - -HONEYSUCKLE _court_, Grub street, Fore street.* - -HOOKER’S _court_, St. Nicholas lane.* - -HOOKE’S HOLE _yard_, Upper Ground street.* - -HOOP _alley_, 1. Old street.* 2. Portpool lane.* - -HOOP _yard_, 1. Little Swan alley.* 2. New Fish street hill.* 3. In the - Strand.* - -HOOPER’S _square_, Goodman’s fields.† - -HOOPER’S _yard_, 1. Brick lane, Spitalfields.† 2. Tooley street.† - -HOP _garden_, St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross. - -HOPKIN’S _rents_, Crown alley, Tooley street.† - -HOPKIN’S _row_, near Petty France, Westminster.† - -HOPKIN’S _street_, Broad street, Poland street.† - -HOPTON’S _Almshouse_, in the parish of Christ Church, Surry, was founded - by Charles Hopton, Esq; for twenty-six poor men, who have been - housekeepers and come to decay, each of whom has an upper and lower - room, with 10_l._ a year paid monthly, and a chaldron of coals. The - building is handsome, neat, and spacious. The founder died in the year - 1730, and the poor men were first admitted two years after by the - minister and two churchwardens of that parish, and ten other - gentlemen, who are trustees for the management of this charity. - -HOPTON _street_, Berwick street.† - -HORN _alley_, 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. Liquorpond street.* 3. Tower - street, Tower hill.* - -HORN _court_, 1. Basing lane.* 2. Beer lane, Tower street, near Tower - hill.* 3. Peter street, Westminster.* - -HORN TAVERN _court_, St. Margaret’s lane.* - -HORN _yard_, Goodman’s fields.* - -HORNCHURCH, a town near Rumford in Essex, was formerly called Horn - Monastery from a large pair of leaden horns; which, according to - tradition, were placed there by a certain King, who disliking its - former name Hore Church, so called from its being built by a whore, in - order to attone for her sins, altered its name by setting up the - horns. - -HORNERS, a company incorporated by letters patent granted by King - Charles I. in the year 1638. They are governed by a Master, two - Wardens, and nine Assistants; but have neither livery nor hall. - - In the reign of Henry IV. this company was greatly reduced, by the - almost general exportation of horns; when applying to parliament in - the year 1465, it was enacted, that from thenceforward no other horns - should be exported, but such as were refused by the horners of this - city and kingdom, on the penalty of forfeiture: and for the more - effectual execution of this law, the Wardens of the company of Horners - of this city were impowered to search for all such goods and - merchandize, both wrought and unwrought, not only within this city and - 20 miles round, but in the fairs of Sturbridge and Ely, and all such - goods as were found bad and unmarketable were to be forfeited. - _Maitland._ - -HORNSEY, a village in Middlesex, five miles from London. About a mile - nearer this, is a coppice of young trees, called _Hornsey Wood_, at - the entrance of which is a genteel public house, to which great - numbers of persons resort from the city. This house being situated on - the top of a hill, affords a delightful prospect of the neighbouring - country. - -HORNS _yard_, 1. Cloth fair, East Smithfield.* 2. Kent street.* 3. Peter - street, Westster. 4. Stony street.* 5. Whitechapel.* - -_Master of the_ HORSE. See the article MASTER OF THE HORSE. - -HORSE AND GROOM _yard_, Wood street, Westminster.* - -HORSE AND TRUMPET _yard_, Poor Jewry lane, Aldgate. - -HORSE GUARDS, a noble modern edifice opposite to the Banquetting-house, - Whitehall. It consists of a center and two wings, and has an air of - solidity perfectly agreeable to the nature of the building. It - receives its name from the horse guards, who while the King is at St. - James’s are here on duty, two at a time being constantly mounted and - completely armed, under two handsome slope porches detached from the - building, and erected to shelter them from the weather. This structure - is equally calculated for the use of the foot as well as the horse on - duty. - - In the center of this edifice is an arched passage into St. James’s - Park, and the building over this has a pediment, in which are the - King’s arms in bass relief. But this arch, as it is the passage of his - Majesty to and from the house of Peers, should have been more lofty - and noble. At each extreme of this center is a pavilion. But the - cupola, which is not seen in the view represented in the plate of the - Treasury, has but little to recommend it. The middle face of the - cupola presents a dial; and the aperture in the lower part of this, - and on the several stages of the other, are well calculated to break - the plainness, without weakening the building, either in reality or - appearance. The wings are plainer than the center. They each consist - of a fore front, projecting a little, with ornamented windows in the - principal story, and a plain one in the sides. Each has its pediment, - with a circular window in the center: and the whole has a proper air - of strength and plainness. - -HORSE _walk_, Windmill hill, Moorfields. - -HORSE AND CART _yard_, St. John’s street. - -HORSEFERRY _bank_, Millbank, Westminster. - -HORSEFERRY _lane_, Fore street, Lambeth. - -HORSEFERRY _road_, Tothill fields. - -HORSELYDOWN, Tooley street. All the tract called Horselydown, including - the streets, square and lane of the same name, was originally a - grazing ground, whence it was denominated _Horse Down_, which by - corruption was changed to _Horselydown_. _Stow, last edit._ - -HORSELYDOWN _fair street_, near Free school street. - -HORSELYDOWN _Old lane_, Horselydown. - -HORSELYDOWN _square_, Shad Thames. - -HORSELYDOWN _stairs_, Horselydown. - -HORSELYDOWN _street_, St. Olave’s, Southwark. - -HORSEMONGER _lane_, near Blackman street. - -HORSESHOE _alley_, 1. Anchor street.* 2. Bank side, Southwark.* 3. - Bunhill row.* 4. Fashion street.* 5. Golden lane.* 6. Maiden lane.* 7. - Moorfields.* 8. Petticoat lane. 9. Petty France. 10. Thread-needle - street.* 11. Whitechapel.* - -HORSESHOE ALLEY _stairs_, Bank side.* - -HORSESHOE _court_, 1. Bridge yard, Tooley street.* 2. Clement’s lane, - near Temple Bar.* 3. Cock lane, West Smithfield.* 4. Fashion street.* - 5. Giltspur street, without Newgate.* 6. Old street.* 7. Peter street, - Hicks’s hall.* 8. Seething lane.* - -HORSESHOE _passage_, Blowbladder street.* - -HORSESHOE _yard_, 1. Brook street.* 2. Old Gravel lane.* - -HOSIER _lane_, West Smithfield; so called from its being formerly - inhabited by the hosiers. _Stow._ - -HOSKIN’S _court_, Hartshorn lane, in the Strand.† - -HOSPITAL _passage_, leading from Christ’s hospital into Butcherhall - lane.* - -HOSPITAL _walk_, Hoxton. - -HOUGHTON _street_, Clare market.† - -HOTWATER _alley_, Paris Garden lane. - -HOVEL, Hog lane, Norton Falgate. - -HOUNDSDITCH, extends from Bishopsgate street without to Aldgate street - within, and runs along the outside of the city wall. Here was formerly - the city moat, which obtained the name of Houndsditch, from the number - of dead dogs flung into it; and this ditch being filled up, the street - built upon it obtained the same name. _Maitland._ - -HOUNSLOW, a village 12 miles north of London, on the edge of the heath - of the same name, which is equally famous for horse-races and - robberies. There are here a chapel and a charity school. The village - belongs to two parishes, the north side of the street to Hefton, and - the south to Isleworth. In this place was formerly a convent of - mendicant friars, who by their institution were to beg alms for the - ransom of captives taken by the infidels. On its dissolution by King - Henry VIII. that Prince gave it to the Lord Windsor, and it was - afterwards purchased by Mr. Auditor Roan. - -HOUSEWIFE _alley_, Old Bethlem. - -_Master of the_ HOUSHOLD. See the article MASTER OF THE HOUSHOLD. - -HOWARD _street_, Norfolk street. Lord Arundel’s house stood there, and - from thence both Arundel and Norfolk street had their names. - -HOWARD’S _alley_, 1. Angel alley.† 2. Back street, Lambeth.† 3. - Clerkenwell close.† - -HOWARD’S CAUSEWAY _alley_, Narrow Wall.† - -HOWFORD’S _court_, 1. Fenchurch street.† St. Nicholas lane, Lombard - street.† - -HOXTON, near Shoreditch. This was for many ages a village, and in the - Conqueror’s Survey is named _Hocheston_: but by the increase of - buildings it has been for some time past joined to this metropolis. - -HOXTON _market_, Hoxton. - -HOXTON _road_, Hoxton. - -HOXTON _square_, Hoxton. - -HOYLE’S _court_, Noble street, Foster lane.† - -HUBBART’S _rents_, Houndsditch.† - -HUBBART’S _yard_, Brown’s lane.† - -HUCKER’S _court_, St. Nicholas lane.† - -HUDSON’S BAY _Company_. Though the extensive countries to which this - Company trade, were discovered by Sir Sebastian Cabot, in the year - 1497, yet this commerce does not seem to have been fully settled till - after the year 1670, at which time King Charles II. by his letters - patent incorporated the adventurers by the title of _The Governor and - Company of the Adventurers of England trading into Hudson’s Bay_, and - granted them and their successors for ever, all the streights, bays, - seas, rivers, lakes, creeks, islands, shores, lands, territories and - places whatsoever, within Hudson’s Streights and Hudson’s Bay. - - This Company carry on a considerable trade to the above places by a - joint stock, and have settled several small factories, to which the - natives repair with their rich furs, skins, and other commodities of - the country, which they exchange for those of England. - - This corporation is under the direction of a Governor, Deputy - Governor, and seven Assistants, who have a hall which stands backward - in the south side of Fenchurch street. This is a very fine brick - building, adorned with pilasters, architraves, &c. _Maitland._ - -HUDSON’S _court_, 1. Tower hill.† 2. Vine street, Little Chandos - street.† - -HUET’S _court_, in the Strand.† - -HUET’S _rents_, Grub street, Fore street.† - -HUGGEN _alley_, 1. Wood street, Cheapside. 2. Huggen lane. - -HUGGEN _lane_, Thames street. - -HUGH’S _court_, Water lane, Black Friars.† - -HULBERT’S _Almshouse_, a very handsome building contiguous to St. - Peter’s hospital at Newington Butts. See FISHMONGERS _Almshouse_. - -HUMFREY’S _alley_, Shoreditch.† - -HUNGERFORD _market_, near the west end of the Strand, and at a small - distance from the Thames. In this place was anciently a large house, - with a garden, the seat of Sir Edward Hungerford, which he converted - into buildings. There is here a good market house, and over it a - French church: but the market house turns to little account, - notwithstanding its convenient situation for the gardeners to land - their greens, &c. at the stairs. - -HUNGERFORD _stairs_, Hungerford market.† - -HUNGERFORD STAIRS _passage_, Hungerford market.† - -HUNGERFORD _street_, in the Strand, leading to the market.† - -_Common_ HUNT. See COMMON. - -HUNT’S _court_, 1. Castle street, Leicester fields.† 2. Hunt’s street.† - 3. St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross.† - -HUNT’S _rents_, Goswell street.† - -HUNT’S _street_, Spicer’s street.† - -HUNT’S _wharf_, near Thames street.† - -HURST’S _gardens_, St. George’s fields.† - -HUSBAND’S _street_, 1. Near Berwick street.† 2. By Knave’s acre.† - -HUSSEY’S _alley_. Wood street.† - -HUTCHINSON’S _wharf_, Milford lane.† - -HYDON _square_, near the east end of the Minories.† - -HYDON _square court_, Hydon square.† - -HYDON _yard_, leading from the Minories to Hydon square.† - - -[Illustration] - - - - - I J. - - -JACK ADAMS’S _alley_, Saffron hill. - -JACK _alley_, Bow lane. - -JACKANAPES _row_, Cheapside. - -JACKSON’S _alley_, Bow street, Covent garden.† - -JACKSON’S _Almshouse_, in College yard, Deadman’s Place, Southwark, was - founded in the year 1685, by Mr. Henry Jackson, for two poor women, - who have each an allowance of 1_s._ 8_d._ per week. - -JACKSON’S _court_, 1. Black Friars.† 2. Gravel lane.† 3. White street.† - -JACKSON’S _yard_, Gravel lane.† - -JACK STRAW’S CASTLE _yard_, Saltpetre Bank. - -JACOB’S _alley_, 1. Barnaby street.† 2. Goswell street.† 3. Turnmill - street.† - -JACOB’S _court_, 1. Cow Cross.† 2. Peter street, Turnmill street.† - -JACOB’S _street_, Mill street, Rotherhith.† - -JACOB’S WELL _alley_, 1. Nightingale lane.* 2. Thames street.* - -JACOB’S WELL _yard_, Nightingale lane.* - -JAMAICA _street_, Rotherhith. - -_St._ JAMES’S _Clerkenwell_, situated on the north side of Clerkenwell - Green, is a part of the church of the ancient priory; and is thus - denominated from its dedication to St. James the Minor, Bishop of - Jerusalem. This priory was founded so early as the year 1100, and the - church belonging to it not only served the nuns but the neighbouring - inhabitants. The priory was dissolved by King Henry VIII. in the year - 1539, and the church was immediately made parochial. See CLERKENWELL. - - The steeple of this edifice being greatly decayed by age, a part of it - fell down in the year 1623, upon which the parish contracted with a - person to rebuild it; but the builder being desirous of getting as - much as possible by the job, raised the new work upon the old - foundation, and carried it on with the utmost expedition; but before - it was entirely finished, it fell down, and destroyed part of the - church, which were both soon after rebuilt, as they are at present. - - This church is a very heavy structure, partly Gothic, which was the - original form, and partly Tuscan. The body, though it has not the - least appearance of elegance, is well enlightened, and the steeple - consists of a low heavy tower crowned with a turret. - - The church is a curacy in the gift of the parishioners. - -_St._ JAMES’S _Duke’s Place_, near Aldgate, is a very old church, it - having escaped the great conflagration in 1666, that was destructive, - to so many others, and still remains in its original form. The body is - well enlightened, and the tower, which is composed of four stages, is - terminated by a very singular kind of turret in the form of a canopy. - - This church is a curacy, the patronage of which being in the Lord - Mayor and Commonalty of London, the parish claims a right of exemption - from the Bishop of London’s jurisdiction, in matters ecclesiastical. - The Incumbent receives about 60_l._ a year by tithes, and 13_l._ a - year from the Chamber of London. _Maitland._ - -_St._ JAMES’S _Garlickhith_, is situated at the east end of Garlic Hill, - and is thus denominated from its dedication to St. James one of the - apostles, and its vicinity to a garlic market anciently held in this - neighbourhood. This church being destroyed by the fire of London, the - foundation of the present edifice was laid in the year 1676, and the - church was finished in 1682. _Stow._ - - This church, which, as well as both the former, is built of stone, is - well enlightened, and is seventy-five feet in length, and forty-five - in breadth; the roof is forty feet high, and the steeple ninety-eight - feet. The tower is divided into three stages; in the lowest is a very - elegant door, with coupled columns of the Corinthian order: in the - second stage is a pretty large window, and over it the form of a - circular one not opened: over this, in the third story, is another - window larger than any of the former, and the cornice above this - supports a range of open work in the place of battlements, or a - balustrade. From hence rises the turret, which is composed of four - stages, and decorated with columns, scrolls, and other ornaments. The - parts are all regular, and even elegant, but the whole is too massy. - _English Architecture._ - - This church is a rectory, the patronage of which is in the Bishop of - London. The Rector receives 100_l._ _per annum_, in lieu of tithes. - -_St._ JAMES’S _Westminster_, by St. James’s square, is one of the - churches that owes its rise to the increase of buildings and - inhabitants; for the church of St. Martin’s in the Fields being too - small for the inhabitants, and too remote from those in this quarter, - the Earl of St. Alban’s, with other persons of distinction in that - neighbourhood, erected this edifice at the expence of about 7000_l._ - It was built in the reign of King Charles II. and tho’ a large fabric, - was considered as a chapel of ease to St. Martin’s; but being - consecrated in 1684, it was dedicated to St. James, in compliment to - the name of the Duke of York, and the next year, when that Prince had - ascended the throne, the district for which it was built, was by act - of parliament separated from St. Martin’s, and made a distinct parish. - - The walls are brick, supported by rustic quoins of stone; and the - windows, which are large, are also cased with stone. The tower at the - east end, rises regularly from the ground to a considerable height, - and is crowned with a neat, well constructed spire. - - This church is a rectory, in the patronage of the Bishop of London. - _Maitland._ _Stow._ _English Architecture._ - -JAMES _court_, 1. Berry street, Piccadilly. 2. James street, - Featherstone street. 3. James street, Theobald’s row. - -_St._ JAMES’S _Market_, by Market street, is a place of considerable - extent, with a commodious market house in the middle, filled with - butchers shops, &c. The stalls in the market place are for country - butchers, higlers, &c. - -[Illustration: - - _S^t. James’s Palace, view’d from Pall Mall._ - _S. Wale delin._ _J. Green sc. Oxon._ -] - - -[Illustration: - - _The Same from the Park._ - _S. Wale delin._ _J. Green sc. Oxon._ -] - - - _St._ JAMES’S _Palace_. On the place where this edifice stands, was - once an hospital dedicated to St. James, originally founded by the - citizens of London for only fourteen maids afflicted with the leprosy, - who were to live a chaste and devout life; but afterwards new - donations increased the extent of the charity, and eight brethren were - added, to minister divine service. This hospital, which is mentioned - in a manuscript of the Cotton library, so early as in the year 1100, - was at length suppressed by King Henry VIII. who allowed the sisters - pensions during the term of their lives, and taking down the edifice - built a palace in its room, which retained the name of the hospital, - and is still standing. In this edifice our Kings have resided ever - since Whitehall was consumed by fire in 1697, and his Majesty usually - resides here during the winter season: but though it is pleasantly - situated on the north side of the Park, and has very convenient, and - not inelegant apartments, it is an irregular brick building, without - having one single beauty on the outside to recommend it, and is at - once the contempt of foreign nations, and the disgrace of our own. In - the front next St. James’s street, there appears little more than an - old gatehouse; and on passing through the gate we enter a little - square court, with a piazza on the west side of it leading to the - grand stair case; the buildings are low, plain, and mean; and there - are two other courts beyond, which have not much of the air of a - palace. The windows however look into a pleasant garden, and command a - view of St. James’s Park, which seem to be the only advantage this - edifice enjoys, above many others devoted to charity. This palace - claims a print, as it is the dwelling of a British Monarch, having - otherwise not the least beauty to recommend it. The print shews both - sides of it. - - In other kingdoms the attention of foreigners is first struck with the - magnificent residence of the Sovereign, on which all the decorations - of architecture are lavished without the least regard to expence. The - outside is grand and noble; and the galleries and apartments are - adorned with all the boasted pieces of art, the finest efforts of - genius, and the most rare and precious productions of nature: for the - magnificence of the palace is intended to give an idea of the power - and riches of the kingdom: but if the power, wealth and strength of - the King of England should be judged from this palace, how great would - be the mistake! We are however in no want of a design for an edifice - suitable to the dignity of the British Crown; the celebrated Inigo - Jones drew a draught of such a structure; but the ideas of that - architect were greater than the spirit of the public, and the expence - of building it has hitherto prevented its being begun: but as a taste - for elegance in building gains ground, and new schemes are continually - laid for building magnificent bridges, streets and squares, it is to - be hoped that the erecting of so necessary a structure will not be - much longer neglected: especially if it be considered, that however - great the expence may be, it will cost the nation nothing, for on - these occasions, what is given by the people is paid to the people. - -_St._ JAMES’S PARK, was in the reign of Henry VIII. a wild wet field; - but that Prince, on his building St. James’s palace, inclosed it, laid - it out in walks, and collecting the waters together, gave to the new - inclosed ground, and new raised building, the name of St. James. It - was afterwards much enlarged and improved by King Charles II. who - added to it several fields, planted it with rows of lime trees, laid - out the Mall, which is a vista half a mile in length, and formed the - canal, which is an hundred feet broad, and two thousand eight hundred - feet long, with a decoy, and other ponds for water fowl. Succeeding - Kings allowed the people the privilege of walking in it, and King - William III. in 1699 granted the neighbouring inhabitants a passage - into it out of Spring Garden. - - It is certain that the Park enjoys a fine situation, and is laid out - with a very agreeable air of negligence. It affords many pleasant - walks, diversified by new scenes, varied by different rural prospects, - and the view of distant structures on the west side. - -_St._ JAMES’S _Place_, St. James’s street. - -JAMES’S _rents_, Hermitage dock.† - -JAMES’S _rope-walk_, 1. Red Maid lane.† 2. North of Bedford row. - -_St._ JAMES’S _square_, is very large and beautiful; the area on the - inside is encompassed with iron rails which form an octagon, and in - the center is a fine circular bason of water. On the north side of the - square is St. James’s church, in a very fine situation with respect to - the prospect, and had it been an elegant structure, would have had a - very noble effect. An ingenious author observes, that though this - square appears extremely grand, yet this grandeur does not arise from - the magnificence of the houses; but only from their regularity, the - neatness of the pavement, and the beauty of the bason in the middle: - and that if the houses were built more in taste, and the four sides - exactly correspondent to each other, the effect would be much more - surprising, and the pleasure arising from it more just. - -_St._ JAMES’S _street_, Pall Mall. - -JAMES _street_, 1. Brook’s street, New Bond street.† 2. Bunhill fields.† - 3. Covent garden.† 4. Golden square.† 5. Hare street.† 6. Hay market.† - 7. Hoxton.† 8. Long Acre.† 9, Near Theobald’s row.† 10. Petty France, - Westminster.† - -JANE _alley_, Blackman street. - -JANE SHORE’S _alley_, Shoreditch. See SHOREDITCH. - -JANE SHORE’S _yard_, Shoreditch. - -JASPER _street_, Aldermanbury.† - -IDLESTRY, a village in Hertfordshire, situated on the very edge of - Middlesex, near Brockley hill, by Stanmore, which affords a delightful - prospect across Middlesex over the Thames into Surry. - -IDOL or IDLE _lane_, Tower street. - -JEFFERIES’S _Almshouse_, a large and handsome building, situated in - Kingsland road. It consists of a spacious front, with two wings, and a - chapel in the center, which has a plain frontispiece, and is crowned - with a well-proportioned turret. It was erected in the year 1713, by - the Ironmongers company, pursuant to the will of Mr. Robert Jefferies, - some time Lord Mayor of this city, for the reception of as many of his - relations as should apply for this charity; and in case there were - none of these, for fifty-six poor members of the company, who, besides - a convenient room and part of a cellar, have each 6_l._ a year and a - gown. _Maitland._ - -JEFFREY’S _buildings_, Westminster.† - -JEFFREY’S _square_, St. Mary Ax.† - -JENKIN’S _buildings_, Carey street.† - -JENKIN’S _court_, Ropemakers fields.† - -JERICHO _yard_, Jerusalem alley. - -JERMAIN _court_, Jermain street.† - -JERMAIN _street_, Near Piccadilly. This street and court were thus named - from the Lord Jermine, nephew to the Earl of St. Alban’s. - -JERUSALEM _alley_, Gracechurch street. - -JERUSALEM _court_, 1. St. John’s street, West Smithfield. See _St._ - JOHN’S SQUARE. 2. Shad Thames, Horselydown. - -JERUSALEM _passage_, Ailesbury street, St. John’s street. - -JERUSALEM _row_, Church street, Hackney. - -JESUITS _ground_, Savoy. - -JEWEL OFFICE, in the Tower, a dark strong stone room, about twenty yards - to the eastward of the grand storehouse or new armoury, in which the - Crown jewels are deposited. It is not certain whether they were always - kept here, though they have been deposited in the Tower from very - ancient times, and we have sufficient proof of their being in that - fortress so early as the reign of King Henry III. - - The jewels at this time shewn to all who chuse to give a shilling for - seeing them, or eighteen pence for a company, are: - - I. The imperial crown, with which it is pretended that all the Kings - of England have been crowned since Edward the Confessor, in 1042. It - is of gold, enriched with diamonds, rubies, emeralds, saphires and - pearls: the cap within is of purple velvet, lined with white taffety, - turned up with three rows of ermine. They are however mistaken in - shewing this as the ancient imperial diadem of St. Edward; for that, - with the other most ancient regalia of this kingdom, was kept in the - arched room in the cloisters in Westminster Abbey, till the grand - rebellion; when in 1642, Harry Martin, by order of the parliament, - broke open the iron chest in which it was secured, took it thence, and - sold it, together with the robes, sword, and scepter of St. Edward. - However after the restoration, King Charles II. had one made in - imitation of it, which is that now shewn. - - II. The golden orb or globe put into the King’s right hand before he - is crowned; and borne in his left with the scepter in his right, upon - his return into Westminster Hall, after he is crowned. It is about six - inches in diameter, edged with pearl, and enriched with precious - stones. On the top is an amethyst, of a violet colour, near an inch - and a half in height, set with a rich cross of gold, adorned with - diamonds, pearls, and precious stones. The whole height of the ball - and cup is eleven inches. - - III. The golden scepter, with its cross set upon a large amethyst of - great value, garnished round with table diamonds. The handle of the - scepter is plain; but the pummel is set round with rubies, emeralds, - and small diamonds. The top rises into a _fleur de lis_ of six leaves, - all enriched with precious stones, from whence issues a mound or ball - made of the amethyst already mentioned. The cross is quite covered - with precious stones. - - IV. The scepter with the dove, the emblem of peace, perched on the top - of a small Jerusalem cross, finely ornamented with table diamonds and - jewels of great value. This emblem was first used by Edward the - Confessor, as appears by his seal; but the ancient scepter and dove - was sold with the rest of the regalia, and this now in the Tower was - made after the restoration. - - V. St. Edward’s staff, four feet seven inches and a half in length, - and three inches three quarters in circumference, all of beaten gold, - which is carried before the King at his coronation. - - VI. The rich crown of state worn by his Majesty in parliament; in - which is a large emerald seven inches round; a pearl esteemed the - finest in the world, and a ruby of inestimable value. - - VII. The crown belonging to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales. - - These two last crowns, when his Majesty goes in state to the - parliament house, are carried by the keeper of the Jewel Office, - attended by the warders, privately in a hackney coach to Whitehall, - where they are delivered to the officers appointed to receive them, - who with some yeomen of the guard carry them to the robing rooms - adjoining to the house of Lords, where his Majesty and the Prince of - Wales put on their robes. The King wears this crown on his head while - he sits upon the throne; but that of the Prince of Wales is placed - before him, to shew that he is not yet come to it. As soon as the King - is disrobed, the two crowns are carried back to the Tower by the - persons who brought them from thence, and again locked up in the jewel - office. - - VIII. The late Queen Mary’s crown, globe and scepter, with the diadem - she wore at her coronation with her consort King William III. - - IX. An ivory scepter with a dove on the top, made for the late King - James the second’s Queen, whose garniture is gold, and the dove on the - top gold, enamelled with white. - - X. The _curtana_, or sword of mercy, which has a blade thirty two - inches long, and near two broad, is without a point, and is borne - naked before the King at his coronation, between the two swords of - justice, spiritual and temporal. - - XI. The golden spurs, and the armillas, which are bracelets for the - wrists. These, tho’ very antique, are worn at the coronation. - - XII. The _ampulla_ or eagle of gold, finely engraved, which holds the - holy oil the Kings and Queens of England are anointed with; and the - golden spoon that the Bishop pours the oil into. These are two pieces - of great antiquity. The golden eagle, including the pedestal, is about - nine inches high, and the wings expand about seven inches. The whole - weighs about ten ounces. The head of the eagle screws off about the - middle of the neck, which is made hollow, for holding the holy oil; - and when the King is anointed by the Bishop, the oil is poured into - the spoon out of the bird’s bill. - - The following legend is told of this eagle. Thomas Becket being in - disgrace at Sens in France, the holy Virgin appeared to him, and gave - him a stone vessel of oil inclosed in a golden eagle, and bid him give - it to William a monk, to carry to Pictavia, and there hide it under a - great stone, in St. Gregory’s church, where it should be found for the - use of pious and prosperous Kings: accordingly Henry III. when Duke of - Lancaster, received it from a holy man in France; and Richard II. - finding it among other jewels, endeavoured to be anointed with it; but - was supplanted by Archibald Arundel, who afterwards anointed Henry IV. - Such is the fabulous history of the _ampulla_. - - XIII. A rich salt-seller of state, in form like the square white - tower, and so exquisitely wrought that the workmanship of modern times - is in no degree equal to it. It is of gold, and used only on the - King’s table at the coronation. - - XIV. A noble silver font, double gilt, and elegantly wrought, in which - the royal family are christened. - - XV. A large silver fountain, presented to King Charles II. by the town - of Plymouth, very curiously wrought; but much inferior in beauty to - the above. - - Besides these, which are commonly shewn, there are in the jewel office - all the crown jewels worn by the Prince and Princesses at coronations, - and a vast variety of curious old plate. - - This office is governed by a Master, who has 450_l._ a year patent - fees; two yeomen, who have 106_l._ 15_s._ _per annum_ each; a groom, - who has 105_l._ 8_s._ 4_d._ a year, and a clerk. - -JEWIN _street_, Aldersgate street.† - -JEWS HARP _court_, Angel alley, Bishopsgate street.* - -JEWS _row_, Chelsea. - -JEYE’S _yard_, Three Colts street, Limehouse.† - -INDEPENDENTS, a set of dissenters from the church of England, received - their name from each congregation being entirely independent with - respect to church government. They are Calvinists, and like the - Baptists receive the sacrament in the afternoon; none are admitted to - communion till after having given in a paper containing an account of - their conversion, religious experiences, &c. Their places of worship - within the bills of mortality, are, 1. Berry street, St. Mary Ax. 2. - Boar’s Head yard, Petticoat lane. 3. Brick Hill lane, Thames street. - 4. Broad street, near Old Gravel lane. 5. Coachmakers hall, Noble - street. _Antinomian._ 6. Collier’s rents, White street. 7. Court yard, - Barnaby street, Southwark. 8. Crispin street, Spitalfields. 9. - Deadman’s Place, Southwark. 10. Hare court, Aldersgate street. 11. - Jewin street, Aldersgate street. 12. Lower street, Islington, two - meeting houses. 13. Mare street, Hackney. 14. New Broad street, - Moorfields. 15. New court, Carey street. 16. Old Artillery Ground, - Spitalfields. 17. Orchard, Wapping. 18. Paved alley, Lime street. 19. - Pavement row, Moorfields. 20. Pinner’s hall, Broad street, in the - morning, the only Independent congregation that is not Calvinist. 21. - Queen street, Ratcliff. 22. Queen street, Rotherhith. 23. Redcross - street, Barbican. 24. Ropemakers alley, Little Moorfields. 25. St. - Michael’s lane, Canon street. 26. St. Saviour’s Dockhead, Southwark. - 27. Staining lane, Maiden lane. 28. Stepney fields. 29. Turner’s hall, - Philpot lane. 30. White Horn yard, Duke’s Place. 31. Zoar street, - Southwark. - -INGATSTONE or ENGERSTONE, a town in Essex, twenty-three miles from - London, from which it is a great thoroughfare to Harwich, has many - good inns, and a considerable market on Wednesdays, for live cattle - brought from Suffolk. - - Here is the seat of the ancient family of the Petres; to whose - ancestor Sir William, this manor was granted by Henry VIII. at the - dissolution of Barking Abbey, to which it till then belonged. That - gentleman founded eight fellowships at Oxford, called the Petrean - fellowships, and erected and endowed an almshouse here for twenty poor - people. He lies interred under a stately monument in the church, as do - several others of that family. - -INGRAM’S _court_, an open well-built place in Fenchurch street, thus - named from Sir Thomas Ingram, who built this small square on the - ground where his own house before stood. - -INNER SCOTLAND _yard_, Whitehall. - -INNER TEMPLE. See the article TEMPLE. - -INNER TEMPLE _lane_, Fleet street. - -INNHOLDERS, a company incorporated by letters patent granted by Henry - VIII. in the year 1515. They are governed by a Master, three Wardens, - and twenty Assistants, and have a livery of an hundred and thirty-nine - members, whose fine upon admission is 10_l._ - - They have a handsome and convenient hall in Elbow lane. - -INNS OF CHANCERY. The colleges of the professors and students of the - municipal and common law, are stiled Inns, an old English word, - formerly used for the houses of noblemen, bishops, and persons of - distinguished rank, and the eight Inns of chancery were probably thus - denominated from there dwelling in them such clerks, as chiefly - studied the forming of writs, which regularly belonged to the - cursitors, who are officers in chancery. These are Lincoln’s Inn, New - Inn, Clement’s Inn, Clifford’s Inn, Staple’s Inn, Lion’s Inn, - Furnival’s Inn, and Barnard’s Inn. These were formerly considered as - preparatory colleges for younger students, many of whom were entered - here, before they were admitted into the Inns of court; but now they - are for the most part taken up by attorneys, sollicitors and clerks, - who have separate chambers, and their diet at a very easy rate in an - hall together, where they are obliged to appear in grave long robes, - and black round knit caps. See the articles CLEMENT’S INN, CLIFFORD’S - INN, LINCOLN’S INN, LION’S INN, &c. - -INNS OF COURT, were so named, either from the students, who live in - them, serving the courts of judicature; or, according to Fortescue, - from these colleges anciently receiving none but the sons of noblemen, - and gentlemen of high rank. - - The Inns of court, are only four, viz. the two Temples, Lincoln’s Inn, - and Gray’s Inn. See the articles TEMPLE, LINCOLN’S INN, and GRAY’S - INN. - - Though these societies are no corporation, and have no judicial power - over their members, they have certain orders among themselves, which - have by consent the force of laws: for small offences, they are only - excommoned, or not allowed to eat at the common table with the rest; - and for greater offences they lose their chambers, and are expelled - the college, after which they are not to be received by any of the - other three Inns of court. - - As these societies are not incorporated, they have no lands or - revenues, nor any thing for defraying the charges of the house but - what is paid at admittance, and other dues for their chambers. The - whole company of gentlemen may be divided into four parts, benchers, - utter-barristers, inner-barristers and students. - - The benchers are the seniors, who have the government of the whole - house, and out of these are annually chosen a treasurer, who receives, - disburses and accounts for all the money belonging to the house. See - SERJEANTS INN. - - There are at present no mootings, or readings in any of the courts of - Chancery. _Chamberlain’s Present State._ - - It ought not to be omitted, that gentlemen may take chambers in the - Inns of Court or Chancery, without laying themselves under an - obligation to study the law. - - A description of the structures and gardens belonging to these Inns we - have given under their respective heads: but it may not be improper - here to add, that strangers are apt to be disgusted at the nastiness - of the walls, and the dirt and filth observable on all the stairs and - public passages leading to the Inns of Court and Chancery: where every - thing seems neglected, and generally out of repair: but on stepping - into the chambers, one is surprised to see so remarkable a contrast; - to observe the utmost neatness reign there, and the most handsome and - commodious rooms, furnished and adorned with great elegance. - - Dr. Blackstone in his discourse on the study of the law, gives us the - following curious account of the changes and revolutions in this - study, and of the origin of the several _Inns of Court and Chancery_. - - That ancient collection of unwritten maxims and customs, says he, - which is called the common law, however compounded or from whatever - fountains derived, had subsisted immemorially in this kingdom: and, - though somewhat altered and impaired by the violence of the times, had - in a great measure weathered the rude shock of the Norman conquest. - This had endeared it to the people in general, as well because its - decisions were universally known, as because it was found to be - excellently adapted to the genius of the English nation. In the - knowledge of this law consisted great part of the learning of those - dark ages; it was then taught, says Mr. Selden, in the monasteries, in - the universities, and in the families of the principal nobility. The - clergy in particular, as they then engrossed almost every other branch - of learning, so (like their predecessors the British Druids) they were - peculiarly remarkable for their proficiency in the study of the law. - - ‘But the common law being not committed to writing, but only - handed down by tradition, use, and experience, was not so - heartily relished by the foreign clergy who came over hither - in shoals during the reign of the Conqueror and his two sons, - and were utter strangers to our constitution as well as our - language. And an accident, which soon after happened, had - nearly completed its ruin.’ - - A copy of Justinian’s Pandects, being newly discovered at Amalfi, - about A.D. 1130, soon brought the civil law into vogue all over the - rest of Europe. It became in a particular manner the favourite of the - Popish clergy; and Theobald, a Norman Abbot, being elected to the see - of Canterbury, A.D. 1138, and extremely addicted to this new study, - brought over with him in his retinue many learned proficients therein; - and among the rest Roger surnamed Vacarius, whom he placed in the - university of Oxford to teach it. The monkish clergy (devoted to the - will of a foreign Primate) received it with eagerness and zeal; but - the laity, who were more interested to preserve the old constitution, - and had already severely felt the effect of many Norman innovations, - continued wedded to the use of the common law. - - The clergy, finding it impossible to root out the municipal law, - withdrew by degrees from the temporal courts; and in 1217, they passed - a canon in a national synod, forbidding all ecclesiastics to appear as - advocates _in foro sæculari_[1]; nor did they long continue to act as - judges there, not caring to take the oath of office which was then - found necessary to be administered, that they should in all things - determine according to the law and custom of this realm; though they - still kept possession of the high office of Chancellor, an office then - of little juridical power; and afterwards as its business increased by - degrees, they modelled the process of the court at their own - discretion. - -Footnote 1: - - Sir H. Spelman conjectures (Glossar 335.) that coifs were introduced - to hide the tonsure of such renegade clerks, as were still tempted - to remain in the secular courts in the quality of advocates or - judges, notwithstanding their prohibition by canon. - - But wherever they retired, and wherever their authority extended, they - carried with them the same zeal to introduce the rules of the civil, - in exclusion of the municipal law. This appears in a particular manner - from the spiritual courts of all denominations, from the Chancellor’s - courts in both our universities, and from the high court of Chancery; - in all of which the proceedings are to this day in a course much - conformed to the civil law. And if it be considered, that our - universities began about that period to receive their present form of - scholastic discipline; that they were then, and continued to be till - the time of the reformation, entirely under the influence of the - Popish clergy; this will lead us to perceive the reason, why the study - of the Roman laws was in those days of bigotry[2] pursued with such - alacrity in these seats of learning. - - Since the reformation, the principal reason that has hindered the - introduction of this branch of learning, is, that the study of the - common law, being banished from hence in the times of Popery, has - fallen into a quite different channel, and has hitherto been wholly - cultivated in another place. - - As the common law was no longer taught, as formerly, in any part of - the kingdom, it perhaps would have been gradually lost and over-run by - the civil, had it not been for the peculiar incident which happened at - a very critical time, of fixing the court of Common Pleas, the grand - tribunal for disputes of property, to be held in one certain spot; - that the seat of ordinary justice might be permanent and notorious to - all the nation. Formerly that, in conjunction with all the other - superior courts, was held before the King’s justiciary of England, in - the _aula regis_, or such of his palaces wherein his royal person - resided, and removed with his houshold from one end of the kingdom to - the other. This was found to occasion great inconvenience to the - suitors; to remedy which it was made an article of the great charter - of liberties, both that of King John and King Henry the Third, that, - “Common Pleas should no longer follow the King’s court, but be held in - some certain place:” in consequence of which they have ever since been - held (a few necessary removals in times of the plague excepted) in the - palace of Westminster only. This brought together the professors of - the municipal law, who before were dispersed about the kingdom, and - formed them into an aggregate body; whereby a society was established - of persons, who (as Spelman observes) addicted themselves wholly to - the study of the laws of the land. - -Footnote 2: - - There cannot be a stronger instance of the absurd and superstitious - veneration that was paid to these laws, than that the most learned - writers of the times thought they could not form a perfect - character, even of the blessed Virgin, without making her a Civilian - and a Canonist. Which Albertus Magnus, the renowned Dominican Doctor - of the thirteenth century, thus proves in his _Summa de laudibus - Christiferæ Virginis (divinum magis quam humanum opus) qu. 23. §. - 5_. “_Item quod jura civilia, & leges, & decreta scivit in summo, - probatur hoc modo: sapientia advocati manifestatur in tribus; unum, - quod obtineat omnia contra judicem justum & sapientem; secundo, quod - contra adversarium astutum & sagacem; tertio, quod in causa - desperata: sed beatissima Virgo, contra judicem sapientissimum, - Dominum; contra adversarium callidissimum, dyabolum; in causa nostra - desperata; sententiam optatam obtinuit._“ - - They naturally fell into a kind of collegiate order; and, being - excluded from Oxford and Cambridge, established a new university of - their own, by purchasing certain houses (now called the Inns of Court - and Chancery) between the city of Westminster, the place of holding - the King’s courts, and the city of London; for advantage of ready - access to the one, and plenty of provisions in the other. - - In this juridical university (for such it is insisted to have been by - Fortescue and Sir Edward Coke) there are two sorts of collegiate - houses; one called Inns of Chancery, in which the younger students of - the law used to be placed, “learning and studying, says Fortescue, the - originals, and as it were, the elements of the law; who, profiting - therein, as they grow to ripeness so are they admitted into the - greater Inns of the same study, called the Inns of Court.” And in - these Inns of both kinds, he goes on to tell us, the knights and - barons, with other grandees and noblemen of the realm, did use to - place their children, though they did not desire to have them - thoroughly learned in the law, or to get their living by its practice; - and that in his time there were about two thousand students at these - several Inns, all of whom he informs us were _filii nobilium_, or - gentlemen born. - - But in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, Sir Edward Coke does not reckon - above a thousand students, and the number at present is very - considerably less: ‘Which seems principally owing to these reasons; - first, because the Inns of Chancery being now almost totally filled by - the inferior branch of the profession, they are neither commodious nor - proper for the resort of gentlemen of any rank or figure; so that - there are now very rarely any young students entered at the Inns of - Chancery: secondly, because in the Inns of Court all sorts of regimen - and academical superintendance, either with regard to morals or - studies, are found impracticable, and therefore entirely neglected: - lastly, because persons of birth and fortune, after having finished - their usual courses at the universities, have seldom leisure or - resolution sufficient to enter upon a new scheme of study at a new - place of instruction. Wherefore few gentlemen now resort to the Inns - of Court, but such for whom the knowledge of practice is absolutely - necessary: such, I mean, as are intended for the profession.’ - -INOCULATION HOSPITAL for the smallpox, in the Lower street, Islington, - beyond the church; in an old building situated backwards, out of the - view of the street. This hospital is under the direction of the - Small-pox hospital, in Cold Bath fields. See the article SMALL-POX - HOSPITAL. - -_Clerk of the_ INROLLMENTS OF FINES AND RECOVERIES, an officer under the - three puisne judges of the court of Common Pleas. The inrollments here - filed are by statute valid in law, and are of great use in preventing - law-suits. This office is kept in the Inner Temple. - -JOAN HARDING’S, near Oakey street, Thames street. - -JOCKEY FIELD _row_, Near Gray’s Inn. - -JOHN DEVER’S _yard_, Seething lane.† - -JOHN’S _alley_, Budge row. - -_St._ JOHN’S _alley_, St. Martin’s le Grand. - -_St._ JOHN _the Baptist_, a church which stood on the west side of - Dowgate; but being destroyed by the fire of London in 1666, and not - since rebuilt, the parish is annexed to the church of St. Antholin. - -_St._ JOHN _the Evangelist_, a church that was seated in Watling street, - at the north east corner of Friday street; but being consumed by the - fire of London, and not rebuilt, the parish is united to that of - Allhallows Bread street. - -_St._ JOHN _the Evangelist_, Southwark, like several other churches in - the suburbs, owed its rise to the great increase of buildings and - inhabitants, and is one of the fifty new churches ordered to be built - by act of parliament. It was finished in 1732, and the district of - Horselydown, being separated from St. Olave’s, was by act of - parliament constituted its parish. The sum of 3500_l._ was also - granted by parliament to be laid out in lands, tenements, &c. in fee - simple, and as a farther provision, the church wardens are to pay him - the additional sum of 60_l._ to be raised by fees arising from - burials. _Maitland._ - - The body of this church is enlightened by two ranges of windows, with - a Venetian in the center; the tower which rises square has a - balustrade on the top, and from thence rises the spire, which is very - properly diminished and well wrought; but the architect having - absurdly resolved to give it some resemblance to a column, has not - only fluted it; but placed on the top an Ionic capital, which last - gives the whole edifice an aukward whimsical appearance. - - This church, which is situated near the lower end of Fair street, is - in the gift of the Crown, as well as that of St. Olave’s, from whence - this parish was taken. _Stow._ - -_St._ JOHN’S _Wapping_, situated on the north side of the street near - the Thames, was built in the year 1617, when the increase of houses in - the parish of St. Mary Whitechapel, rendered such an edifice - necessary. It was dedicated to St. John the Baptist, and as there were - other churches under the patronage of the same saint, it was - distinguished, from its situation, by the name of Wapping. Originally - it was no more than a chapel of ease to St. Mary’s parish; but in - 1694, the hamlet of Wapping was constituted a distinct parish; the - inhabitants were impowered to purchase 30_l._ _per annum_ in mortmain, - and as a farther provision for the Rector, he was allowed to receive - all ecclesiastical dues, except tithes, instead of which the Rector - has 130_l._ a year raised upon the inhabitants by an equal pound rate. - _Maitland._ - - This church, which was built at the expence of 1600_l._ is a very mean - building, it consisting of a plain body, a tower which scarcely - deserves the name, and a spire that might be taken for a lengthened - chimney. _English Architecture._ - - The advowson of this church is in the principal and scholars of King’s - hall and Brazen Nose college, Oxford. - -_St._ JOHN’S _Westminster_. The parish of St. Margaret’s Westminster - being greatly increased in the number of houses and inhabitants, it - was judged necessary to erect one of the fifty new churches within it; - this church being finished, was dedicated to St. John the Evangelist; - a parish was taken out of St. Margaret’s, and the parliament granted - the sum of 2500_l._ to be laid out in the purchase of lands, - tenements, &c. for the maintenance of the Rector: but besides the - profits arising from this purchase, it was also enacted that as a - farther provision for the Rector, the sum of 125_l._ should be - annually raised by an equal pound rate upon the inhabitants. - _Maitland._ - - This church was finished in the year 1728. The chief aim of the - architect was to give an uncommon, yet elegant outline, and to shew - the orders in their greatest dignity and perfection; and indeed the - outline is so variously broken, that there results a diversity of - light and shadow, which is very uncommon, and very elegant. The - principal objections against the structure are, that it is so much - decorated that it appears encumbered with ornament; and that the - compass being too small for the design, it appears too heavy. In the - front is an elegant portico supported by Doric columns, which order is - continued in pilasters round the building. Above the portico are two - towers crowned with well-proportioned turrets, and adorned with - columns of the Corinthian order, which are supported on pedestals, and - stand free, with corresponding columns behind. _English Architect._ - - The advowson of this church is in the Dean and Chapter of Westminster: - and to prevent this rectory being held in commendam, all licences and - dispensations for holding it are by act of parliament declared null - and void. - -_St._ JOHN ZACHARY’S, a church that was situated at the north west - corner of Maiden lane, Wood street; but being destroyed by the fire of - London in 1666, and not rebuilt, the parish is annexed to that of St. - Anne’s Aldersgate. _Maitland._ - -JOHN’S _court_, 1. Cable street. 2. Cats hole, Tower ditch. 3. East - Smithfield. 4. Hannoway street. 5. John’s street. 6. Nightingale lane. - -_St._ JOHN’S _court_, 1. Addle hill. 2. Cow lane. 3. Great Hart street. - 4. Little Hart street, by Covent garden. 5. St. John’s square. 6. - Somerset street, Whitechapel. 7. Stepney. - -_St._ JOHN’S _gate_, St. John’s lane; the south gate of the hospital of - St. John of Jerusalem. - -JOHN’S _hill_, Ratcliff highway. - -_St._ JOHN’S _lane_, vulgarly called St. Joans’s lane, from Hicks’s hall - to St. John’s gate. - -_St._ JOHN’S _passage_, St. John’s street, West Smithfield. - -_St._ JOHN’S _square_, Clerkenwell. Where the present square is situated - anciently stood the house of St. John of Jerusalem, founded by Jordan - Briset, who for that purpose purchased of the nuns of Clerkenwell ten - acres of land, for which he gave twenty acres in his lordship of - Willinghale in Kent, and erected that hospital on this spot about the - year 1110: but the church belonging to it was not dedicated to St. - John the Baptist till 1185. By the profuse liberality of bigots and - enthusiasts, these Knights Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem soon - attained to that degree of riches and honour, that they not only built - a magnificent structure in this spot, that became the chief seat in - England of those of their order, but their Prior was esteemed the - first Baron in the kingdom, and in state and grandeur vied with the - King. The populace however had an extreme antipathy to these imperious - Knights; and in 1381, the rebels under Jack Straw and Wat Tyler - consumed this stately edifice by fire. However it was rebuilt in a - still more magnificent manner, and thus continued till the year 1541, - when it was suppressed by Henry VIII. - - This spacious and stately edifice was soon after converted into a - repository for martial stores, and of the royal hunting equipage; and - to this use it was applied till the year 1550; when Edward Seymour - Duke of Somerset, and protector of the kingdom, caused the church, - with its lofty and beautiful steeple, to be demolished, and the stones - employed in building his magnificent palace of Somerset House in the - Strand. _Camden’s Britannia._ - - This square, which is an oblong, chiefly consists of two rows of good - houses, at the east end of which is a chapel of ease to the - neighbouring church of St. James Clerkenwell. It is entered by two - gates, which bear evident marks of great antiquity; the largest and - most remarkable of which is that to the south, called St. John’s Gate. - -_St._ JOHN’S _street_, 1. Brick lane, Spitalfields. 2. Long ditch. 3. - West Smithfield, near St. John’s square. - -JOHN’S _street_, 1. David’s street. 2. Gainsford street. 3. Golden - square. 4. By Mount street, Westminster. 5. Ratcliff highway. 6. - Windmill street. - -JOHNSON’S _court_, 1. Charing Cross.† 2. Fleet street.† - -JOHNSON’S _street_, Old Gravel lane.† - -JOHNSON’S _yard_, Three needle alley, Moorfields. - -JOINERS, a company incorporated by letters patent granted by Queen - Elizabeth in the year 1565. They are governed by a Master, two - Wardens, and twenty-four Assistants, with a livery of 323 members, who - upon their admission pay a fine of 8_l._ - - They have a convenient hall in Friars lane, Thames street, remarkable - for a curious screen finely carved at the entrance into it. The great - parlour is wainscotted with cedar. _Maitland._ - -JOINERS _court_, 1. Houndsditch. 2. Jacob street, Mill street. - -JOINERS HALL _alley_, Thames street. - -JOINERS _street_, Tooley street. - -JOLLY _court_, Durham yard, in the Strand.† - -JONES’ _court_, Nightingale lane, East Smithfield.† - -JONES’ _yard_, 1. Stony lane, Petticoat lane. 2. Little Swan alley. - -INIGO JONES, the celebrated architect, several of whose best designs are - described in different parts of this work, has therefore a just claim - to our regard in this place. And we are obliged to the ingenious - authors of the _Biographia Britannica_ for the following particulars - relating to his life and works in general. He was born about the year - 1572, in the neighbourhood of St. Paul’s in London, of which city his - father, Mr. Ignatius Jones, was a citizen and clothworker. Nothing - certain being delivered concerning his education, some very different - conjectures have been advanced upon that subject, some having - suggested that his education was liberal, and others that he was bound - apprentice to a joiner, of which latter opinion was Sir Christopher - Wren. But in whatever way he was bred, his natural inclination leading - him to the study of the arts of drawing and designing, he - distinguished himself early by the extraordinary progress he made in - those polite and useful arts, and was particularly taken notice of for - his skill in the practice of landscape painting. These admirable - talents introduced him to the knowledge of William Earl of Pembroke, - who was a great patron of all liberal sciences. His Lordship admiring - Mr. Jones’s genius, took him into his patronage, and sent him abroad - with a handsome allowance, in order to perfect himself, by viewing and - studying the works of the best masters ancient and modern, in Italy - and the politer parts of Europe. Thus supported, he spent many years - in compleating his education; to which end, chusing the city of Venice - for the chief place of his residence, he suffered nothing of real - value or merit any where to escape his industry; and the improvements - he made thereby gave such an eclat to his reputation all over Europe, - that Christian IV. King of Denmark sent for him thence, and appointed - him his Architect-general. He had enjoyed this post some years, when - that Prince, whose sister Anne had married King James I. made a visit - to England in 1606. Mr. Jones took this opportunity of returning home; - and expressing a desire to continue in his native country, the Queen - appointed him her architect; and being not long after taken in the - same character into the service of Prince Henry, he discharged his - trust with so much fidelity, that the King gave him the reversion of - the place of Surveyor-general of his works. After the death of Prince - Henry in 1612, our architect made a second tour to Italy, and - continued some years there, improving himself still further in his - favourite art, till the Surveyor’s place fell to him. He then returned - to England to enrich his country with the fruits of his studies. Soon - after his arrival, the office of works being found several thousand - pounds in debt, he voluntarily gave up his own dues, and prevailed - with the Comptroller and Paymaster to do the like, whereby the whole - arrears were absolutely cleared. In 1620, by the King’s command, he - took an accurate survey of the surprizing group of stones upon - Salisbury-Plain, commonly called Stone-henge, and drew up an account - with his opinion of that famous monument of antiquity, which he - presented to his royal master, and it was printed. In this account, - after much reasoning and a long series of authorities, he concludes at - last that this ancient and stupendous pile must have been originally a - Roman temple, inscribed to _Cœlus_ the senior of the heathen gods, and - built after the Tuscan order, and that it was erected when the Romans - flourished here in peace and prosperity in Britain, and probably - betwixt the time of Agricola’s government and the reign of Constantine - the Great, about 1650 years ago. - - On the 16th of November the same year, Mr. Jones was appointed, among - others, a Commissioner for repairing the cathedral of St. Paul’s in - London. Upon the demise of King James, he was continued in his posts - by King Charles I. whose consort also entertained him in the like - station. And he soon after formed that most stately and elegant - pavilion, the Banquetting-house at Whitehall, which was at first - designed for the reception of foreign Ambassadors. The ceiling was - painted some years after with the Felicities of King James’s reign, by - Sir Peter Paul Rubens, and prints from these by Simon Gribelin were - published in 1724. The late Lord Burlington about the year 1740 - published _a north west view of the palace designed for Whitehall, by - Inigo Jones_, which is what is called a bird’s eye prospect, or as it - is seen by a bird in flying over it, by which artifice all the parts - are brought distinctly into view; and in this view the pavilion or - banquetting-house appears in its proper place as part of that palace. - Several other designs of Mr. Jones’s were executed in this reign, such - as Surgeon’s hall, the Queen’s chapel at St. James’s palace, and her - Majesty’s new building fronting the gardens at Somerset House in the - Strand; the church and piazza of Covent Garden; the first of which is - universally allowed to be a master-piece of the Tuscan order, the - portico at the west end, majestic in its plainness, and the roof so - happily contrived, by extending itself beyond the wall, as both to - cast a shade, which adds to the solemnity of the sacred edifice, and - at the same time serves to strengthen the wall, by resting thereon its - center of gravity. In the last performance he had in view the piazza - of Leghorn, but has vastly surpassed the original in the beauty and - largeness of his pillars. Our architect also laid out the ground plot - of Lincoln’s Inn fields, and designed the Duke of Ancaster’s house, - which stands on the west side of that noble square, and which is no - inconsiderable instance of the _softness_ and _sweetness_ of his - touches. The royal chapel at Denmark House, the King’s house at - Newmarket, and the Queen’s buildings at Greenwich, were also of his - design. But it does not come within our plan to describe the number or - form a judgment upon the excellence of all his buildings, though views - and descriptions of the principal of them we have given, which may be - seen under their several names, to which we refer. - - In 1633 Mr. Jones began the reparation of St. Paul’s cathedral, the - first stone was laid by Dr. Laud then Bishop of London, and the fourth - by Mr. Jones; and, in carrying them on, he added a magnificent portico - at the west end, which excited the envy of all Christendom on his - country, for a piece of architecture not to be parallelled in modern - times. While he was raising these noble monuments of his extraordinary - genius as an architect, he employed his leisure hours in designing - decorations for dramatic entertainments; and there appeared a fine - intermixture of fancy and judgment in his pompous machinery of masques - and interludes, which were the vogue in his time. Several of these - representations are still extant in the works of Chapman, D’Avenant, - Daniel, and particularly Ben Johnson. The subject was chosen by the - Poet, and the speeches and songs were also of his composing; but the - invention of the scenes, ornaments, and dresses of the figures, were - the contrivance of Mr. Jones. By these means he acquired a handsome - fortune. But his loyalty, the effect both of his integrity and - gratitude, exposed him to considerable losses; and he bore a part in - the ruins of his royal master. Upon the opening of the Long Parliament - in November 1640, he was called before the house of Lords, upon a - complaint of the parishioners of St. Gregory’s in London against him, - for damages done to that church; and afterwards, during the - usurpation, he was constrained to pay 400_l._ by way of composition - for his estate, as a malignant. After the death of King Charles I. he - was continued in his post by King Charles II. But grief, in one of his - years, for the fatal calamity of the former, prevented him from doing - the latter any actual service, by cutting him off many years before - the restoration. He died most probably about Midsummer 1652, and was - interred June 26, in the chancel of St. Benet’s church, near St. - Paul’s Wharf, London, where there was a monument erected to his memory - upon the north wall, at some distance from his grave; but it suffered - greatly in the fire of London, Sept. 1666. His age was about - seventy-nine years. Mr. Jones left several manuscripts, which have - been published since his death. With respect to his character, we are - told by Mr. Webb, that his abilities in all human sciences surpassed - most of his age. However that be, ’tis certain he was perfectly well - skilled in the mathematics, and had some insight into the two learned - languages, Greek and Latin, especially the latter, and he had a taste - for poetry. However, these accomplishments were no more than the - decorations and counterpart of his proper character, which was, - indeed, that of an architect, the most eminent in his time. - Accordingly he was then, and is still, generally stiled the _British - Vitruvius_; and it is observable that the art of design, little known - in England before, was brought into use and esteem by him, under the - patronage of King Charles I. and Thomas Earl of Arundel. In short, Mr. - Jones was generally learned, eminent for architecture, a great - geometrician, and, in designing with his pen (as Sir Anthony Vandyke - used to say) not to be equalled by whatever great master in his time, - for the _boldness_, _softness_, _sweetness_, and _sureness_ of his - touches. - -IRELAND _yard_, Black Friars. - -IRISH _court_, Whitechapel. - -IRISH SOCIETY, meeting in the Irish chamber in Guildhall. In order to - convey a clear idea of this society, it is necessary to trace it from - its origin. It must therefore be observed, that in the reign of Queen - Elizabeth, the province of Ulster, in the north of Ireland, had been - greatly depopulated by the suppression of several insurrections in - that part of the kingdom; and in particular, the city of Derry and - town of Colerain were quite ruined. - - To prevent such insurrections for the future, it was thought proper to - repeople that part of the country with protestant families; and soon - after the accession of King James I. to the throne of England, that - Prince, considering this as an affair worthy of his attention, - signified his pleasure to some of the Aldermen and Commoners, by means - of several of his Privy Council, upon which a court of Common Council - was called, and a deputation sent over to view the place of the - intended plantation. These deputies being returned, it was agreed in - December 1609, that 15,000_l._ should be expended on the plantation, - and 5000_l._ in the purchase of private interests. - - Soon after articles of agreement were entered into between the Lords - of the Privy Council, and a committee chosen by the Lord Mayor and - Commonalty of the city, and it was agreed for the better managing of - the plantation, there should be a company constituted in London, to - consist of a Governor, Deputy Governor, and twenty-four Assistants, to - direct what ought to be done on the part of the city, relating to the - plantation; and in pursuance of this agreement, the King, by his - letters patent, changed the name of Derry to that of Londonderry, and - incorporated the committee nominated by the city, by the name of _The - society of the Governor and Assistants in London of the new plantation - in Ulster within the realm of Ireland_, directing that it should - consist of a Governor, Deputy Governor, and twenty-four Assistants; - whereof the Governor and five of the Assistants were to be Aldermen, - the Recorder for the time being to be an Assistant, and the Deputy - Governor, with the rest of the Assistants, to be Commoners. By this - charter, the King also granted to the society and their successors, - the city, fort and town of Londonderry, the whole island of Derry, and - all the castles, towns, villages and lands in the county of - Londonderry, particularly mentioned in the charter. - - The society now immediately set about rebuilding Londonderry and - Colerain, and improving and planting the other parts of the county. - And, in order to reimburse the twelve principal companies, and other - inferior companies that had contributed to the expence of the - plantation, the society divided the whole county of Londonderry into - thirteen parts; the first consisting of the city of Londonderry and - town of Colerain, with some of the adjoining lands, and the fisheries, - was retained by the society in their own possession, to defray the - charge of the general work of the plantation, and the surplus was from - time to time divided among the twelve companies by the society. - - The rest of the county being divided into twelve parts, as equal in - value as possible, the twelve companies drew lots for them, and each - company had the part which fell to its share. The society then erected - each lot into a manor, and obtained a charter of the Crown to convey - to each of the companies the lands fallen to it, to hold the same in - perpetuity. - - King Charles I. however ordered his Attorney General to prosecute the - society in the Star-chamber, under the pretence that the charter had - been surreptitiously obtained; upon which it was cancelled by a decree - of that court, and the lands seized into the King’s hands: but the - society were reinstated in their possessions by Oliver Cromwell, who - granted the city a new charter; and Charles II. incorporated the - society anew, and the companies have enjoyed their possessions ever - since. - - The Governor and Deputy Governor of the society are by this, as well - as the former charters, chosen annually. Twelve of the Assistants go - off every year, and twelve new members are chosen in their stead by - the Common Council, out of each of the twelve principal companies of - the city; who by the appointment of the Governor or Deputy Governor - meet as often as required in the Irish chamber at Guildhall, where - nine of them, the Governor or Deputy Governor being one, make a court. - - They have a Secretary and a messenger of their own appointment to - attend them. They have also a Treasurer, who is chosen annually, and - gives security to account with the society for what money he receives. - All by-laws made by the corporation of Londonderry must be confirmed - by the society, before they can be of force. The society has the right - of presentation to the churches of Londonderry and Colerain: they - likewise appoint a general agent in Ireland to correspond with them, - and transact their affairs in that kingdom; and also a receiver to - receive their rents. _Maitland._ In short, the citizens of London have - the privilege of being free of the city of Londonderry. - -IRON GATE, Tower wharf. - -IRON GATE _stairs_, Iron Gate, Tower wharf. - -IRONMONGER _lane_, Cheapside; so called from its being once chiefly - inhabited by those of that trade. _Stow._ - -IRONMONGER _row_, Old street; so called from the school belonging to - that company. - -IRONMONGER ROW SCHOOL, was founded in the year 1727, by Mr. John Fuller, - for the education of twenty boys and upwards, for the support of which - he bequeathed the sum of 1600_l._ to be laid out in a purchase. - _Maitland._ - -IRONMONGERS, one of the twelve principal companies, was incorporated by - letters patent granted by King Edward IV. in the year 1464. This - corporation is governed by a Master, two Wardens, and the whole - livery, which consists of eighty-four, who are assistants, and whose - fine upon admission is 15_l._ - - This company has a very great estate, out of which is annually paid, - according to the direction of the several donors, about 1800_l._ - Besides these charities, Mr. Thomas Betton, a Turkey merchant, left - this company, in trust, in the year 1724, about 26,000_l._ one moiety - of the profits thereof to be perpetually employed in the redemption of - British captives from Moorish slavery; and the other half to be - equally distributed between the poor of the company, and the several - charity schools within the bills of mortality. _Maitland._ - -IRONMONGERS _Almshouse_, in Kingsland road. See JEFFERIES’S _Almshouse_. - -IRONMONGERS HALL, a very noble modern building in Fenchurch street. This - edifice is entirely fronted with stone, and was erected in the year - 1748. The whole lower story is wrought in rustic; the center part of - the building projects a little, and in this are a large arched - entrance, and two windows, with two others on each side. Over this - rustic story rises the superstructure, which has a light rustic at the - corners, to keep up a correspondence with the rest of the building; - the part which projects is here ornamented with four Ionic pilasters - coupled, but with a large inter-columniation. In the middle is a very - noble Venetian window, and over it, a circular one. In each space - between the pilasters, is a smaller window, with an angular pediment; - and over these are also circular ones; but the side parts have arched - windows with square ones over them. The central part is crowned with a - pediment supported by these pilasters, and in its plain is the arms of - the company with handsome decorations in relievo. The rest of the - building is terminated by a balustrade crowned with vases. - -ISAAC’S _rents_, Shoe lane. - -ISLAND HEAD _lane_, Wapping. - -ISLE OF DOGS, a part of Poplar marsh. When our Sovereigns had a palace - at Greenwich, they used it as a hunting seat, and it is said, kept the - kennels for their hounds in this marsh, which lies on the other side - of the river; these hounds frequently making a great noise, the seamen - and others called the place the Isle of Dogs, though it is so far from - being an island, that it can scarcely be called a peninsula. _Stow._ - -ISLEWORTH or THISTLEWORTH, a village in Middlesex, pleasantly situated - on the Thames opposite to Richmond. Here are two charity schools, and - in its neighbourhood are the seats of several persons of distinction. - -ISLINGTON, a large village in Middlesex, on the north side of London, to - which it is almost contiguous. It appears to have been built by the - Saxons, and in the time of William the Conqueror was called Isendon or - Isledon. By the south west side of this village, is a fine reservoir - called New River Head, which consists of a large bason, into which the - New River discharges itself; part of the water is from thence conveyed - by pipes to London, while another part is thrown by an engine through - other pipes up hill to a reservoir, which lies much higher, in order - to supply the highest parts of London. - - The church is one of the prebends of St. Paul’s; the old Gothic - structure lately taken down was erected in the year 1503, and stood - till 1751, when it being in a ruinous condition, the inhabitants - applied to parliament for leave to rebuild it, and soon after erected - the present structure, which is a very substantial brick edifice, - though it does not want an air of lightness. The body is well - enlightened, and the angles strengthened and decorated with a plain - rustic. The floor is raised considerably above the level of the church - yard, and the door in the front is adorned with a portico, which - consists of a dome supported by four Doric columns; but both the door - and the portico appear too small for the rest of the building. The - steeple consists of a tower, which rises square to a considerable - height, terminated by a cornice supporting four vases, at the corners. - Upon this part is placed an octangular balustrade, from within which - rises the base of the dome in the same form, supporting Corinthian - columns with their shafts wrought with rustic. Upon these rests the - dome, and from its crown rises the spire, which is terminated by a - ball and its fane. Though the body of the church is very large, the - roof is supported without pillars, and the inside is extremely - commodious, and adorned with an elegant plainness. - - This parish is very extensive, and includes Upper and Lower Holloway, - three sides of Newington Green, and part of Kingsland. There are in - Islington two Independent meeting houses, and a charity school founded - in the year 1613, by Dame Alice Owen, for educating thirty children: - this foundation, together with that of a row of almshouses, are under - the care of the Brewers company. There is here also a spring of - chalybeat water in a very pleasant garden, which for some years was - honoured by the constant attendance of the late Princess Amelia and - many persons of quality, who drank the waters: to this place, which is - called New Tunbridge Wells, many people resort, particularly during - the summer, the price of drinking the waters being 3_d._ for each - person. Near this place is a house of entertainment called Sadler’s - Wells, where during the summer season people are amused with balance - masters, walking on the wire, rope dancing, tumbling, and pantomime - entertainments. - -ISLINGTON _road_, 1. Goswell street. 2. St. John’s street, West - Smithfield. - -JULIAN _court_, Angel alley. - -_Clerk of the_ JURIES OFFICE, in Hind court, Fleet street. The Clerk of - the juries is an officer of the court of Common Pleas, who makes out - writs called _Habeas Corpora_, and _Distringas Juratorum_, for - appearance of the jury, either in that court, or at the assizes in the - country. This office is executed by a deputy. _Chamb. Pres. State._ - -JUSTICE HALL, on the north east side of the Old Bailey, stands backwards - in a yard to which there is an entrance through a gateway. Had the - building therefore been a fine one, it could not have been viewed to - advantage; but it is a plain brick edifice, that has nothing to - recommend it. A flight of plain steps lead up into the court room, - which has a gallery at each end for the accommodation of spectators. - The prisoners are brought to this court from Newgate, by a passage - backwards which leads to that prison, and there are two places where - they are kept till called to their trials, the one for the men and the - other for the women. There are also rooms for the grand and petty jury - and other accommodations. - - An author, whose opinion we have given on other subjects, condemns - this, and all the other courts of justice in England, as wanting that - grandeur and augustness which might strike offenders and mankind in - general with an awe for the place; and he recommends the form of a - theatre as most proper, the stage for the bench, the pit for the - council, prisoners, &c. and the circle round for the spectators. - Whether this writer’s idea of the form of a court of judicature is - just and well founded, we shall not determine. - - It seems however to be wished, that these public edifices had more of - the appearance of grandeur and magnificence, especially in the - metropolis of the kingdom. - - This court is held eight times a year by the King’s commission of oyer - and terminer, for the tryal of criminals for crimes committed within - the city of London and county of Middlesex. The Judges are, the Lord - Mayor, the Aldermen past the chair, and the Recorder, who, on all such - occasions, are attended by both the Sheriffs, and by one or more of - the national Judges. The offences in the city are tried by a jury of - citizens, and those committed in the county by one formed of the - housekeepers in the county. The crimes tried in this court are high - and petty treason, murder, felony, forgery, petty larceny, burglary, - cheating, libelling, the using of false weights and measures, &c. the - penalties incurred by which are the loss of life, corporal punishment, - transportation, amerciaments, &c. _Stow_, _Maitland_. - -IVY _Bridge_, In the Strand. - -IVY BRIDGE _lane_, In the Strand. - -IVY BRIDGE _stairs_, Near the Strand. - -IVY _lane_, runs from Pater Noster Row into Newgate street. This lane - took its name from the Ivy which grew on the walls of the prebends - houses, formerly situated here. _Stow._ - -IVY _street_, Dyot street, St. Giles’s. - - -[Illustration] - - - - - K. - - -_St._ KATHARINE’S. See St. CATHARINE’S. - -KEAT _street_, Dean and Flown street, Spitalfields.† - -KEBB’S _yard_, In the Minories.† - -KEMP’S _court_, Berwick street.† - -KEMPTON _court_, Vine street.† - -KENNINGTON, a village near Lambeth, in Surry, and one of the eight - precincts of that parish. It has the honour of giving the title of - Earl to the Duke of Cumberland. - -KENNINGTON COMMON, a small spot of ground, on the side of the road to - Camberwell, and about a mile and a half from London. Upon this spot is - the gallows for the county of Surry. - -KENNINGTON _lane_, Newington Butts. - -[Illustration: - - _Kensington Palace_ - _S. Wale delin._ _B. Green sculp._ -] - -KENSINGTON, a large and populous village in Middlesex, about two miles - from Hyde Park Corner, part of which, from the palace gate to the - Bell, is in the parish of St. Margaret’s, Westminster. The palace, - which was the seat of the Lord Chancellor Finch, afterwards Earl of - Nottingham, was purchased by King William, who greatly improved it, - and caused a royal road to be made to it, through St. James’s and Hyde - Parks, with lamp posts erected at equal distances on each side. Queen - Mary enlarged the gardens; her sister Queen Anne improved what Mary - had begun, and was so pleased with the place, that she frequently - supped during the summer in the Green house, which is a very beautiful - one: but her late excellent Majesty Queen Caroline completed the - design, by extending the gardens from the great road in Kennington to - Acton; by bringing what is called the Serpentine river into them, and - by taking in some aires out of Hyde Park, on which she caused a mount - to be raised, with a chair upon it, that could be easily turned round, - so as to afford shelter from the wind. This mount is surrounded with a - grove of ever-greens, and commands a fine view over the gardens to the - south and west. In short these gardens, which are three miles and a - half in compass, are kept in great order, and in summer-time, when the - court is not there, are resorted to by great numbers of people. The - palace indeed has none of that grandeur, which ought to appear in the - residence of a British Monarch; its nearness to the town makes it very - convenient, but it is very irregular in point of architecture. However - the royal apartments are grand, and some of the pictures are good. - - On passing the base court, you enter through a large portico into a - stone gallery, that leads to the great stair case, which is a very - fine one, and consists of several flights of black marble steps, - adorned with iron balusters finely wrought. The painting here affords - the view of several balconies with groups of figures representing - yeomen of the guard, and spectators, among whom are drawn Mr. Ulrick, - commonly called the young Turk, in the Polonese dress in which he - waited on his late Majesty King George I. Peter, the wild youth, &c. - The stair case is richly decorated and painted by Mr. Kent. - - The first room is hung with very fine tapestry, representing the - goddess Diana, hunting and killing the wild boar. Over the chimney is - a picture in a grand taste, representing one of the Graces in the - character of Painting, receiving instructions from Cupid. This piece - is said to be done by Guido Reni. In one corner of the room is a - marble statue of Venus, with an apple in her hand; and in another is - the statue of Bacchus, whose head is finely executed; but the body, - which is inferior to it, seems to be done by another hand. - - The second room has its ceiling painted with Minerva, surrounded by - the arts and sciences, by Mr. Kent. Over the chimney is a very fine - piece representing Cupid admiring Psyche, while she is asleep, by - Vandyck. On each side of the room are hung several pictures, as King - Henry VIII. and the Comptroller of his houshold, by Holbein: a three - quarter picture of King Charles I. and another of his Queen, by - Vandyck: the Duke and Duchess of York, by Sir Peter Lely: as also King - William and Queen Mary, when Prince and Princess of Orange, over the - doors, by the same hand. - - The third room, which was the late Queen’s apartment, is adorned with - very beautiful tapestry, representing a Dutch winter piece, and the - various diversions peculiar to the natives of Holland, done by Mr. - Vanderbank. Over the chimney is an admirable picture of King Charles - II. King James II. and their sister the Princess of Orange, when - children, by Vandyck. - - In the fourth room is the picture of a battle or skirmish between the - Germans and Italians, by Holbein. Another of Danae descending in a - shower of gold, and another of the widow Eliot finely executed by our - countryman Riley. - - In the fifth room is a picture of the crucifixion, and another of our - Saviour laid on the cross, both by Titian: of our Saviour calling St. - Matthew from the receipt of customs, by Annibal Caracci; and of his - healing the sick in the temple, by Verrio: a picture of Henry IV. of - France, by Titian: two heads of Queen Mary I. and Queen Elizabeth, - when children, by Holbein: the late Queen Anne, when an infant, by Sir - Peter Lely: and several heads by Raphael. - - In the sixth room, or rather gallery, are the pictures of King Henry - VIII. and Queen Katharine of Arragon, both by Holbein: King Philip of - Spain, and Queen Mary, by the same hand: King James I. by Vandyck: - King Charles II. the face by Sir Peter Lely: Queen Elizabeth in a - Chinese dress, drawn when she was a prisoner at Woodstock: King James - II. when Duke of York, and another of his Queen, both by Sir Peter - Lely: King William and Queen Mary in their coronation robes, by Sir - Godfrey Kneller. Sir Godfrey was knighted on his painting these - pictures; King William being doubtless pleased with so fine a picture - of his Queen. The next is Queen Anne, after Sir Godfrey Kneller; and a - picture of Queen Caroline, which is but poorly executed. In this room - is a curious amber cabinet, in a glass case; and at the upper end a - beautiful orrery, likewise in a glass case. - - The seventh, which is called the Cupola room, has a star in the - center, and the ceiling all around is adorned with paintings in - mosaic: round the room are placed at proper distances, eight bustos of - ancient poets, and six statues of the heathen gods and goddesses at - full length, gilt. Over the chimney piece is a curious bas-relief in - marble, representing a Roman marriage, with a busto of Cleopatra, by - Mr. Rysbrack. - - In the King’s great drawing room, over the chimney, is a very fine - picture of St. Francis adoring the infant Jesus, held in the lap of - the Virgin Mary, Joseph attending, the whole performed by Sir Peter - Paul Rubens. In this room are also the holy family, finely painted by - Paul Veronese: three priests, by Tintoret: a noble picture of St. - Agnes over one of the doors, by Domenichino: St. John Baptist’s head, - Mary Magdalen, and a naked Venus, all by Titian: a Venus in a supine - posture, stealing an arrow out of Cupid’s quiver, with beautiful - ornaments in the high gusto of the Greek antique, representing Love - and the Drama, by Jacobo da Puntormo; upon the original out-lines of - the great Michelangelo Buonarroti: a picture of Villars, Duke of - Buckingham, and his younger brother, when boys, one of the capital - pieces of Vandyck: two large pictures by Guido Reni, one of Venus - dressing by the Graces; the other of Andromeda chained to a rock: our - Saviour in the manger by Bassan; and a picture of part of the holy - family, by Palma the elder. - - The ceiling of this room, in which there is such a mixture of sacred - and prophane pieces, is painted with the story of Jupiter and Semele. - - In the state chamber, the bed is of crimson damask; and over the - chimney is a picture of our Saviour and St. John Baptist, by Raphael. - - In the state dressing room the hangings are all of needle work; a - present from the Queen of Prussia. Here is a picture of Edward VI. by - Holbein; of a young nobleman of Venice, by Tintoret; another young - nobleman of the same place, by Tintoret; and Titian’s lady, painted by - himself. - - The Painted gallery is adorned with many admirable pieces. At one end - is King Charles I. on a white horse, with the Duke d’Espernon holding - his helmet; the King is an august and noble figure, with some - dejection in his countenance; the triumphal arch, curtain, and other - parts of the back ground, are finely executed, and so kept, that the - King is the principal figure that strikes the eye; at a little - distance it has more of the life than a picture, and one is almost - ready to get out of the horse’s way, and bow to the King. - - Fronting this picture, at the other end of the gallery, is the same - King, with his Queen, and two children, King Charles II. when a child, - and King James II. an infant in the Queen’s lap. The King’s paternal - tenderness is finely expressed, his son standing at his knee: the - Queen’s countenance is expressive of an affectionate obedience to his - Majesty, and a fond care of her child, which she seems to desire the - King to look on. The infant is exquisitely performed; the vacancy of - thought in the face, and the inactivity of the hands, are equal to - life itself at that age. These two admirable pieces were done by - Vandyck. - - One of the next capital pictures in this gallery is Esther fainting - before King Ahasuerus, painted by Tintoret. All the figures are finely - drawn and richly dressed in the Venetian manner; for the Venetian - school painted all their historical figures in their own habits, - thinking them more noble and picturesque than any other. - - The next piece is the nine muses in concert, finely drawn by the same - master. - - Midas preferring Pan to Apollo, is a fine piece, by Andrea Schiavone; - but it is a good deal hurt by time; the figures however are well drawn - and coloured; and the affectation of judgment in Midas is finely - expressed. - - The shepherds offering gifts to Christ, St. John in prison, the story - of the woman of Samaria, and John Baptist’s head, are fine pieces, by - Old Palma. - - Noah’s flood, by Bassan, is a masterly performance. - - Over the chimney is a Madona, by Raphael, which, though a small piece, - gives a very high idea of that great master’s abilities. There is also - in this gallery a Madona by Vandyck, which is exquisitely performed. - - The other pictures here are, the birth of Jupiter, a fine piece, by - Giulio Romano; a Cupid whetting his arrow, by Annibal Caracci; and a - Venus and Cupid, by Titian. - -KENT _road_, At the upper end of Kent street. - -KENT _street_, extends from the end of Long lane, near St. George’s - church, Southwark, to Kent road. It is observable that the principal - business of this street is making of birch brooms, in which the - masters are such great dealers, that in some of their yards several - stacks of brooms may be seen of a considerable extent, and rising as - high as the most lofty houses. - -KENT’S _yard_, Angel alley.† - -KETTLEBY’S _rents_, at Kennington.† - -KETTLE _yard_, Redcross street. - -KEW, a town in Surry, situated on the Thames, opposite to Old Brentford. - Here is a chapel of ease, erected at the expence of several of the - nobility and gentry in the neighbourhood, on a piece of ground that - was given for that purpose by the late Queen Anne. Here the late Mr. - Molineux, Secretary to his present Majesty when Prince of Wales, had a - very fine seat on the Green, the gardens of which are said to produce - the best fruit in England. This house belonged to the late Prince of - Wales. Her late Majesty Queen Caroline here purchased Lady Eyre’s - seat, for the Duke of Cumberland, and Sir Thomas Abney’s for the - Princesses Amelia and Caroline. - - In the sessions of parliament in 1758, an act passed for building a - bridge cross the Thames opposite to Kew Green; and this act is now - executed, and a bridge is built of eleven arches. The two piers and - their dependent arches on each side next the shore are built of brick - and stone, the intermediate arches, which are seven in number, are - entirely wood. The center arch is fifty feet wide, and the road over - the bridge is thirty feet wide. - -KEY _court_, 1. Little St. Thomas Apostles.* 2. St. John street, West - Smithfield.* - -KIDDER’S _yard_, Petty France, Westminster.† - -KIDNEY _stairs_, Narrow street. - -KIFFORD’S _Almshouse_, at Tothill side, Westminster, was founded by Mrs. - Judith Kifford, in the year 1705, for two decayed gentlewomen, each of - whom has one room, and 5_l._ _per annum_. - -KILBORN, a village in Middlesex, in the road from London to Edgworth, - and in the parish of Hampstead. - -KILHAM’S _wharf_, Millbank.† - -KILL _court_, St. John’s street. - -KILLIGREW _court_, Scotland yard.† - -KING AND QUEEN _stairs_, Rotherhith.* - -KING DAVID’S _court_, Whitechapel.* - -KING DAVID’S FORT, Near Bluegate fields.* - -KING DAVID’S FORT _lane_, King David’s lane.* - -KING DAVID’S _lane_, Upper Shadwell.* - -KING EDWARD’S _row_, Coverley’s fields.* - -KING EDWARD’S _stairs_, Wapping.* - -KING EDWARD’S _street_, 1. Tudor street.* 2. Wapping.* - -KING HENRY’S _yard_, Nightingale lane, East Smithfield.* - -KING JAMES’S _stairs_, Wapping wall.* - -KING JOHN’S _court_, 1. Barnaby street.* 2. Holiwell lane.* 3. Limehouse - Corner. 4. Mile-end Green.* 5. Stepney Green.* - -KING JOHN’S _court passage_, Barnaby street.* - -KING TUDOR’S _street_, Bridewell, Fleet street. - -KING’S ARMS _court_, 1. Bankside.* 2. Basinghall street.* 3. King John’s - court, Holiwell street.* 4. Ludgate hill.* - -KING’S ARMS _stairs_, College street.* - -KING’S ARMS _walk_, Narrow walk.* - -KING’S ARMS _yard_, 1. Chick lane.* 2. Coleman street.* 3. Fore street.* - 4. Lothbury.* 5. St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross.* 6. Marybon - street.* 7. Shoreditch.* 8. Whitechapel.* 9. Whitecross street, - Cripplegate.* - -KING’S ARMS _inn yard_, Holborn Bridge.* - -KING’S BENCH, the highest Court of Common Law in England, is so called, - because the King sometimes sat there in person on an high bench, and - the Judges, to whom the judicature belongs in his absence, on a low - bench at his feet: or because this Court determines pleas between the - Crown and the subject of treasons, felonies, and other pleas, which - properly belong to the King: and also in whatsoever relates to the - loss of life or member of any subject, in which the King is concerned, - as he is a sufferer by the loss of the life or limbs of his subjects. - Here likewise are tried breaches of peace, oppression, and - misgovernment; and this Court corrects the errors of all the Judges - and Justices of England, in their judgments and proceedings, not only - in pleas of the Crown, but in all pleas, real, personal, and mix’d; - except only pleas in the Exchequer. This Court is general, and extends - to all England; and where-ever it is held the law supposes the - Sovereign to be there in person. In this Court there commonly sit four - Judges, the first of which is stiled the Lord Chief Justice of the - King’s Bench; and sometimes the Lord Chief Justice of England; whose - salary is 4000_l._ a year, and the puisne Judges 1500_l._ a year each. - _Chamberlain’s Present State._ - - The Court of King’s Bench in Westminster Hall, is in the south east - corner. - -KING’S BENCH _alley_, 1. Dorset street, Spitalfields. 2. St. Margaret’s - Hill. - -KING’S BENCH OFFICE, In the Inner Temple, at the lower end of King’s - Bench walk, next the Thames. Here the records of that Court are kept - to secure them from fire. - -KING’S BENCH PRISON, In St. George’s fields, is a place of confinement - for debtors; and for those sentenced by the Court of King’s Bench to - suffer imprisonment, for libels and other misdemeanors; but those who - can purchase the liberties have the benefit of walking through a part - of the Borough, and in St. George’s fields. - - This prison is situated in a fine air; but all prospect of the fields, - even from the uppermost windows, is excluded by the height of the - walls with which it is surrounded. It has a neat chapel for the - performance of divine worship, and only one bed in each room; but - these rooms are extremely small; they are all exactly alike, and none - above nine feet in length. - -KING’S BENCH _walk_, Inner Temple, from the King’s Bench office kept - there. - -KING’S COLLEGE _lane_, Bristol street. - -KING’S _court_, 1. Milk street, Cheapside. 2. Nightingale lane, East - Smithfield. - -KING’S GATE _street_, High Holborn. - -KING’S HEAD _alley_, 1. Broad street, Ratcliff.* 2. Dorset street, - Spitalfields.* 3. In the Maze. 4. Whitechapel.* - -KING’S HEAD _court_, 1. Barnaby street.* 2. Beech lane.* 3. In the - Borough.* 4. St. Clement’s.* 5. Cock lane, Shoreditch.* 6. Crispin - street.* 7. Drury lane.* 8. Fetter lane.* 9. Golden lane.* 10. Goswell - street.* 11. Gutter lane.* 12. Hand alley.* 13. Holborn.* 14. Huggen - lane, Thames street.* 15. King street, Cheapside.* 16. Little Carter - lane.* 17. St. Martin’s le Grand. 18. New Fish street.* 19. New Gravel - lane.* 20. Old Gravel lane.* 21. Petticoat lane, Whitechapel.* 22. - Plumtree street.* 23. Pudding lane, Thames street.* 24. Shoe lane, - Fleet street.* 25. Shoreditch.* 26. Southampton buildings.* 27. - Stanhope street.* 28. In the Strand.* 29. Tenter Ground.* 30. Vine - street.* 31. Whitecross street, Cripplegate.* 32. Wood street, - Cheapside.* - -KING’S HEAD _yard_, 1. Fore street, Lambeth.* 2. High Holborn.* 3. - Holiwell street.* 4. King street, New Gravel lane.* 5. Leather lane, - Holborn.* 6. Moorfields.* 7. Shoreditch.* 8. Tooley street.* 9. - Wiltshire lane.* - -KING’S LIBRARY, was founded by Henry Prince of Wales, the eldest son of - King James I. The printed books in this Library amount to about 10,200 - and the manuscripts to about 1800. They were kept in Cotton house, - till that was burnt by the fire in 1731; they however suffered but - little by that fire, and were removed with the Cotton library to the - Old Dormitory at Westminster; since which both these libraries have - been placed with Sir Hans Sloane’s Museum in Montagu house. See the - articles COTTON LIBRARY, and BRITISH MUSEUM. - -_Clerk of the_ KING’S SILVER, an officer of the Court of Common Pleas, - to whom every fine or final agreement upon the sale of land is - brought, after it has been with the _Custos Brevium_, who makes an - entry of what money is to be paid for the King’s use. This office, - which is executed by a deputy, is kept in the Inner Temple. - _Chamberlain’s Present State._ - -KING’S LANGLEY, near Abbots Langley in Hertfordshire, received its name - from a royal palace built here by King Henry III. the ruins of which - are still to be seen. King Richard II. with his Queen, and many of the - nobility kept a Christmas here, and in its monastery he was buried, - though afterwards removed to Westminster by King Henry V. Here was - also born and buried, Edmund of Langley, Duke of York, the son of - Edward III. and many others of that family. - -KING’S _rents_, 1. Shad Thames.* 2. Whitecross street.* - -KING’S OLD and NEW ROADS to Kensington, Hyde Park. - -KING’S _road_, 1. Barnaby street. 2. Gray’s Inn lane. - -KING’S _row_, Shad Thames.† - -KING’S _square_. See SOHO _square_. - -KING’S SQUARE _court_, Dean street, Soho. - -KING’S _stairs_, Rotherhith.† - -KING _street_. Many of these streets first received their present name, - after the restoration, in honour of King Charles II. or of monarchy in - general. 1. Bartholomew hospital. 2. Brick lane, Spitalfields. 3. - Opposite to Queen street, and leading from Cheapside to Guildhall; so - called by the act of parliament, by which it was first ordered to be - built after the fire of London. 4. Covent Garden. 5. Duke’s Place. 6. - Foul lane, in the Borough. 7. Golden Square. 8. Near Grosvenor square. - 9. High Holborn. 10. Hoxton square. 11. St. James’s square. 12. Little - Tower hill. 13. Lowman’s street. 14. In the Mint. 15. Near Monmouth - street. 16. New Gravel lane. 17. Old Greek street, Soho. 18. Old - street square. 19. Oxford street. 20. Piccadilly. 21. Prince’s square. - 22. Prince’s street, Soho. 23. Ratcliff Highway. 24. Rosemary lane. - 25. Rotherhith wall. 26. Tooley street. 27. Upper Moorfields. 28. - Westminster. 29. Wood’s Close, Compton street. - -KING’S _street passage_, Little Tower hill. - -KING’S _way_, Gray’s Inn lane. - -KING’S WEIGH HOUSE. See WEIGH HOUSE. - -KING’S _yard_, 1. Barnaby street. 2. Leather lane, Holborn. 3. - Whitecross street, Cripplegate. - -KINGSBURY, at the west end of St. Alban’s in Hertfordshire, is thus - named from the Saxon Kings frequently keeping their court there, till - it was purchased by the monks of the neighbouring abbey. - -KINGSLAND, a hamlet of the parish of Islington, lying between Hoxton and - Clapton. Here was anciently an hospital for lepers, which is now - appropriated to the cure of the venereal disease, and is an appendage - to St. Bartholomew’s and St. Thomas’s hospitals. The edifice is a - plain modern brick building, without ornamental decorations; it is - large and proper for the use to which it is applied, and on the end of - it is a dial, which has the following suitable motto, POST VOLUPTATEM - MISERICORDIA; that is, _After pleasure comes pain_. This structure - joins a little old chapel; but it is wisely contrived that the - patients, who are obliged to attend divine service, can neither see - nor be seen by the rest of the audience. - - This hospital is called _The Lock_. - -KINGSTON UPON THAMES, a Town in Surry, received its name from its having - been the residence of several of our Saxon Kings, some of whom were - crowned on a stage in the market place. It is a populous and - well-built place, and in the reigns of Edward the Second and Third - sent members to parliament. Here is a spacious church with eight - bells, in which are the pictures of the Saxon Kings who were crowned - here, and also that of King John, who gave the inhabitants of this - town their first charter. Here is also a wooden bridge of twenty - arches over the Thames; a free school erected and endowed by Queen - Elizabeth; an almshouse built in 1670 by Aldermen Clive, for six men, - and as many women, and endowed with land to the value of 80_l._ a - year; and a charity school for thirty boys, who are all cloathed. The - summer assizes for this county are generally held here, and there is a - gallery on the top of a hill that overlooks the town. A house called - Hircomb’s Place, in this town, was the seat of the famous Earl of - Warwick, stiled The setter up and puller down of Kings. Besides the - above bridge, there is another of brick over a stream, that flows from - a spring which rises four miles above the town, and within the - distance of a bow shot from its source, forms a brook that drives two - mills. Here is a good market for corn, and the town carries on a - considerable trade. - -KINHAVEY’S _court_, St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross.† - -KINNERSLEY’S _yard_, Ratcliff highway.† - -KIRBY’S _court_, 1. Foul lane, in the Borough.† 2. Chick lane, West - Smithfield.† - -KIRBY’S _wharf_, Lower Shadwell.† - -KIRBY’S _yard_, Curtain row, Hog lane, St. Giles’s.† - -KIRK’S _yard_, East Smithfield.† - -KITTER’S _yard_, White Hart lane.† - -KNAVE OF CLUBS _yard_, Old street.* - -KNAVES _Acre_, Wardour street.‖ - -KNIGHTSBRIDGE, the first village from London in the great western road, - is situated in the parishes of St. George’s Hanover square, and St. - Margaret’s Westminster, but has a chapel independent of those - parishes. Near the entrance of this village in the way from London, is - the infirmary for the sick and wounded called St. George’s hospital. - See _St._ GEORGE’S HOSPITAL. - -KNIGHT’S _court_, 1. Back side St. Clement’s.† 2. Green walk.† - -KNITNEEDLE _street_, Bloomsbury. - -KNOCKFERGUS, Near Rosemary lane. - -KNOLLEY’S _yard_, Hog lane.† - -KNOWLES’S _court_, Little Carter lane.† - -KNOWL HOUSE, near Sevenoak in Kent, is the seat of the Duke of Dorset. - It is situated in the middle of a park, and is a handsome large stone - fabric. There are some excellent pictures in the apartments. - -KORBY’S _yard_, Hand alley, Petticoat lane.† - -KREETCH’S _wharf_, Millbank.† - - -[Illustration] - - - - - L. - - -LABOUR-IN-VAIN _alley_, St. Margaret’s hill.* - -LABOUR-IN-VAIN _court_, Old Fish street hill.* - -LABOUR-IN-VAIN _hill_, Thames street.* - -LABOUR-IN-VAIN _street_, Lower Shadwell.* - -LABOUR-IN-VAIN _yard_, Thames street.* - -LAD _court_, Moses alley, Willow street. - -LAD _lane_, Wood street, Cheapside. - -LADDLE _court_, Cut Throat lane, Upper Shadwell. - -LAD’S _court_, Gardiner’s lane.† - -LADY _alley_, 1. Great St. Anne’s lane. 2. King street, Westminster. - -LADY ALLEY _Almshouse_, in King street, Westminster, consists of four - rooms for as many poor women, and is said to have been founded by a - King or Queen of England, with an allowance out of the Exchequer of - 1_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._ a year each. _Maitland._ - -LAMB _alley_, 1. Bishopsgate street without.* 2. Blackman street, by St. - George’s church, Southwark.* 3. Goodman’s fields. 4. Monkwell street.† - 5. In the Old Change.* 6. Saffron hill.* 7. Sherbourn lane, Lombard - street.* 8. Whitechapel.* 9. St. Giles’s Broadway.† - -LAMB _court_, 1. Abchurch lane. 2. Clerkenwell. 3. Lamb alley, - Southwark. - -LAMB’S _buildings_, Inner Temple.† - -LAMB’S CHAPEL, situated in a court to which it gives its name, at the - north west corner of London wall, was founded in the reign of Edward - I. and dedicated to St. James, when it was distinguished from other - places of religious worship of the same name by the denomination of - _St. James’s Chapel_, or _Hermitage on the wall_; from its being - erected on or near the city wall in Monkwell street. At the - dissolution of religious houses, King Henry VIII. granted this chapel - to William Lamb, a rich clothworker, who bequeathed it, with other - appurtenances, to the company of which he was a member, and from him - it received its present name. - - In this chapel the clothworkers company have four sermons preached to - them upon four principal festivals in the year, viz. upon the feast of - the annunciation of the blessed Virgin, March 25; on the feast of St. - John Baptist, June 24; on the feast of St. Michael the Archangel, - Sept. 29; and on that of St. Thomas the Apostle, Dec. 21; upon which - days the Master, Wardens, and Livery of the company, in conformity to - the above Mr. Lamb’s will, go in their gowns to the chapel and hear a - sermon; after which they relieve twelve poor men and as many women, by - giving one shilling to each; and every Michaelmas they give to each a - frize gown, a lockram shift, and a good pair of winter shoes. - -LAMB’S CHAPEL _court_, Monkwell street. - -LAMB’S CONDUIT, was according to Stow formed by the above-mentioned Mr. - William Lamb, who having drawn together several springs of water to - one head, at a place which is now the end of Red Lion street, in - Holborn, erected a conduit there, and conveyed part of the water - through leaden pipes the space of two thousand yards to Snow hill, - where having rebuilt a ruinous conduit, which had been long disused, - he laid the water into it. The whole expense of this work, which was - finished March 26, 1577, amounted to 1500_l._ These conduits were - built with stone, with a lamb on the top: the former of these little - edifices gave its name to the adjacent fields, on which the Foundling - hospital is built; but obstructing the view of that truly noble - structure, it was taken down some years ago, and the water being - conveyed to the side of the street, a descent is made to the spring - head by a flight of stone steps. That on Snow hill has also been taken - down, and a pump adorned with lamps placed in its room; the advantage - the city receives from the New River water, rendering these - structures, which were formerly of great advantage, entirely useless. - -LAMB’S CONDUIT _Mews_, Millman street, Holborn. - -LAMB’S CONDUIT _passage_, Red Lion street.† - -LAMB’S _court_, Red Lion court.† - -LAMB _street_, 1. Crispin street, Spitalfields.† 2. Turnmill street.† - -LAMB’S _yard_, 1. Bishopsgate without.† 2. Nightingale lane, East - Smithfield. - -LAMBERT _hill_, generally called Lambeth hill, Thames street; was so - called from Lambert the owner thereof. _Maitland._ - -LAMBERT _street_, Goodman’s fields.† - -LAMBERT’S _rents_, Petticoat lane.† - -[Illustration: - - _Lambeth Palace._ - _S. Wale delin._ _J. Fougeron sculp._ -] - -LAMBETH, a village in Surry, situated on the Thames, between Southwark - and Battersea, and near the south end of London bridge; is - particularly famous for its containing, for several ages, the palace - of the Archbishop of Canterbury. This structure was originally formed - by Baldwin, Archbishop of that see, in the year 1188; who first - intended to have raised a superb structure at Hackington, near this - place; but the Monks, with whom he was at variance, obtained the - Pope’s mandate against it; when, taking down what he had erected, he - removed the bell of the materials to Lambeth, with which he built the - palace, a college and church, having before purchased the ground of - the Bishop and Convent of Rochester, by a fair exchange. - - In the year 1250, Boniface, Archbishop of Canterbury, having, by his - arrogance, rendered himself hateful to the citizens of London, - retired, for the security of his person, to this palace; and finding - it in a ruinous condition, within the space of three years rebuilt the - whole north side, the archi-episcopal apartments, the library and - cloisters, the guard-chamber, the chapel, and Lollards tower. - - From that time this palace became the residence of the greatest - persons of the church, and was soon enlarged by many additional - buildings: Cardinal Pool built the gate, which, for that time, is a - noble structure. The Lollards tower, which is thus named from a room - in it prepared for the imprisonment of the followers of Wickliff, the - first British reformer, who were called Lollards, was finished by - Chichely, and remains a lasting memorial of his cruelty, and - antichristian spirit. It is a small room, twelve feet broad and nine - long, planked with elm, and there still remain eight rings and - staples, to which Christians were chained, for presuming to differ in - opinion from that prelate. The spacious hall was erected by Juxton, - and the brick edifice between the gate and this hall was begun by - Archbishop Sancroft, and finished by the immortal Tillotson. - - From the present structure being thus erected at different periods, it - is not at all surprizing that it has but little appearance of - uniformity; but the edifice, tho’ old, is in most parts strong; the - corners are faced with rustic, and the top surrounded with - battlements; but the principal apartments are well proportioned, and - well enlightened: the Gothic work about it is irregularly disposed, - and it is in itself irregular. Some of the inner rooms are too close - and confined; but there are many others open and pleasant in - themselves, with the advantage of being convenient, and of affording - very agreeable prospects. For as this palace is situated on the bank - of the Thames, it affords a fine view up and down the river, and, from - the higher apartments, a prospect of the country each way. - - The palace, with the rows of trees before it, and the church of - Lambeth adjoining, when viewed from the Thames, make a very pretty - picturesque appearance, and this is the view which is here given. - - In this palace is a very fine library, founded in the year 1610, by - Archbishop Sancroft, who left by will all his books, for the use of - his successors in the archi-episcopal see of Canterbury. This library - has been greatly increased by the benefactions of the Archbishops - Abbot, Sheldon, and Tennyson, and consists of 617 volumes in - manuscript, and above 14,500 printed books. - - The church, which stands by the palace, is a very antique structure, - dedicated to St. Mary. It has a square tower, and both that and the - body of the church are crowned with battlements. In this parish are - eight precincts, denominated the Archbishop’s, the Prince’s, Vauxhall, - Kennington, the Marsh, the Wall, Stockwell, and the Dean’s precinct. - It is remarkable, that at Lambeth Wall is a spot of ground, containing - an acre and nineteen poles, named Pedlar’s acre, which has belonged to - the parish from time immemorial, and is said to have been given by a - pedlar, upon condition that his picture, with that of his dog, be - perpetually preserved in painted glass in one of the windows of the - church; which the parishioners carefully performed in the south east - window of the middle isle. _Maitland._ - -LAMBETH BUTTS, Lambeth. - -LAMBETH MARSH, between Lambeth and Spring Gardens. - -LAMBETH _road_, Newington Butts. - -LAMBETH _School_, was founded by Richard Laurence, citizen and merchant - of London, in the year 1661, for educating twenty poor children of the - Marsh and Wall liberties of this parish, for which purpose he endowed - it with 35_l._ _per annum_. - -LAMBETH _stairs_, Lambeth. - -LANCASTER _college_, in the parish of St. Gregory near St. Paul’s, was a - hall founded by King Henry IV. and the executors of John of Gaunt, - Duke of Lancaster; containing lodgings and a common hall for charity - priests to officiate in a chapel, on the north side of the choir of - St. Paul’s cathedral; but it was suppressed, and granted to one Mr. - William Gunter, in the second year of Edward VI. _Maitland._ - -_Duchy of_ LANCASTER COURT, held at Gray’s Inn. This court owes its - origin to King Henry IV. after his having deposed Richard II. when, - possessing the duchy of Lancaster in right of his mother, he imagined - his claim to it better than that to the throne, and therefore - separated it from the Crown, and erected this court for its use. Here - all matters of law and equity, belonging to the duchy or county - palatine of Lancaster, are tried and determined by the Chancellor, who - is the chief judge, and is assisted by his attorney general, and other - officers. _Maitland._ - -_Duchy of_ LANCASTER LIBERTY, begins on the outside of Temple Bar, and - extending along the south side of the Strand to the east side of Cecil - street, reaches down it to the Thames, and thence to Essex Buildings, - taking in all the houses to Temple Bar. On the north side it extends - from Temple Bar to where the Maypole stood, and extending down - Holiwell street, commonly called the back of St. Clement’s, passes by - Butcher row, taking in all that range of buildings. Beyond the place - of the Maypole, this liberty begins again by the Fountain tavern in - Catharine street, and reaches from thence into the Strand, as far as - Exeter exchange; then turning up Burleigh street, it runs up within - four houses of the corner of Essex street, and, crossing it, proceeds - into Catharine street, by the Fountain tavern. _Stow, last edit._ - -LANCASTER _court_, 1. New Bond street. 2. In the Strand. - -LANCASTER _yard_, Holiwell street. - -LAND OF PROMISE _lane_, Hoxton. - -LANDRESS _alley_, Five feet lane. - -LANE’S _alley_, St. Giles’s Broadway.† - -LANE’S _court_, Cold Bath square, by Cold Bath fields.† - -LANGBOURN RIVULET, a brook which formerly took its rise in or near the - east end of Fenchurch street, and ran with a swift current due west, - to Sherbourn lane, at the west end of St. Mary Woolnoth; then dividing - its stream into several rills, ran directly south, and was lost in the - Wall Brook, on Dowgate hill. _Maitland._ - -LANGBOURN WARD, took its name from the Langbourn, or rivulet - above-mentioned. It is bounded on the north by Aldgate and Lime street - wards; on the west, by Wallbrook ward; on the south, by Candlewick, - Bridge, Billingsgate, and Tower street wards; and on the east, by - Aldgate ward. Its principal streets are great part of Fenchurch - street, and Lombard street, Exchange alley, Birchinlane, &c. - - The most remarkable buildings are, the churches of St. Mary Woolnoth, - St. Edmund the King, Allhallows Lombard street, and St. Dionis - Backchurch; the General Post office, Pewterers hall, and the hall - belonging to the Hudson’s Bay company. - - This ward is governed by an Alderman, his Deputy, ten Common Council - men, seventeen wardmote inquest men, nine scavengers, fifteen - constables, and a beadle; and the jurors returned by the wardmote - inquest serve in the several courts of Guildhall in the month of - November. - -LANGDON’S _rents_, Bett’s street. - -LANGLEY PARK, near Langley Green, in Buckinghamshire, belongs to the - Duke of Marlborough. The late Duke began to build a new house of stone - in this park, but one of the wings is yet wanting to compleat the - design, which is more remarkable for its elegance than grandeur. - -LANGLEY _street_, 1. Long Acre.† 2. Whitecross street.† - -LANG’S _court_, St. Martin’s lane.† - -LASSINGBY’S _court_, Conduit court, Long Acre.† - -LAST _alley_, 1. Cow Cross, West Smithfield.* 2. Whitechapel.* - -LAST AND BALL _court_, London Wall.* - -LATIMERS, a hamlet with a chapel of ease to Chesham in Bucks, received - its name from its ancient Lords. In this hamlet lived Sir Edwyn Sands, - whose daughter having four sons and nine daughters by her husband Sir - Thomas Temple, ancestor of the present Earl Temple, lived to see 700 - descended from her, and died in 1656. The Lord James Cavendish has - here a seat. - -LAVENDER _street_, near Cuckold’s Point. - -LAUGHTON’S _rents_, Cinnamon street.† - -_St._ LAWRENCE _Jewry_, on the north side of Cateaton street, in Cheap - ward, is thus denominated from its being dedicated to St. Lawrence, a - native of Huesca in the kingdom of Arragon in Spain, who, after having - suffered the most dreadful torments under the Emperor Valerian, was - cruelly broiled alive upon a gridiron, with a slow fire, till he died: - and it received the additional epithet of Jewry, from its situation - among the Jews, who formerly resided in the streets near that church; - to distinguish it from St. Lawrence Poultney, now demolished. - _Maitland._ - - This church being burnt, with many others, in the dreadful fire of - London in 1666, was rebuilt at the parish expence, with a very - considerable benefaction by Sir John Langham. - - It is eighty-one feet long, sixty-eight broad, forty feet high to the - roof, and the steeple 130 feet high. The body is enlightened by two - series of windows, the lower ones large and uniform, and the upper - small. At the east end is a pediment with niches supported by - Corinthian columns. The tower, which is lofty, is terminated by a - balustrade with plain pinnacles, and within this balustrade rises a - kind of lanthorn, which supports the base of the spire. - - This church is a vicarage in the gift of the Master and Scholars of - Baliol college in Oxford, and the profits of the Incumbent are much - augmented by the parish of St. Mary Magdalen Milk street being annexed - to it: he receives 120_l._ a year from the parish, and 20_l._ from - Baliol college. - -LAWRENCE _lane_, 1. From Cheapside to Cateaton street, near the above - church. 2. High street, St. Giles’s. 3. New street Lambeth. - -_St._ LAWRENCE _Poultney_, on the west side of St. Lawrence Poultney’s - lane, was so denominated from the above saint, and Mr. John Poultney, - who founded a college there; but the church being consumed in the - general conflagration in 1666, and not rebuilt, the parish was united - to that of St. Mary Abchurch. - -LAWRENCE POULTNEY _hill_, Canon street.† - -LAWRENCE POULTNEY _lane_, Canon street.† - -LEAD OFFICE, in Ingram’s court, Fenchurch street. This office belongs to - a company incorporated by letters patent granted by King William and - Queen Mary in the year 1692, under the title of _The Governor and - Company for melting down lead with pit and sea coal_. By this patent - they are empowered to raise a joint stock for the effectual carrying - on the business of smelting, or drawing lead from the ore with sea - coal instead of wood. - - This corporation is under the direction of a Governor, Deputy - Governor, and twelve Assistants. _Maitland._ - -LEADENHALL, a very large building of great antiquity in Leadenhall - street, with flat battlements leaded at the top, and a spacious square - in the middle. In this edifice are the warehouse for the selling of - leather, the Colchester baize hall, the meal warehouse, and the wool - hall. - -LEADENHALL MARKET, the largest market in the city of London, and perhaps - in Europe, consists of five considerable squares, or courts, the first - of which opens by a large Gothic gate into Leadenhall street. This - court, which is surrounded by the buildings called Leadenhall, is - surrounded with sheds for butchers, tanners, &c. As there is but - little meat sold here except beef, this is called the Beef market. - This square is on Tuesday a market for leather; on Thursdays the - waggons from Colchester, and other parts, come with baize, &c. and the - felmongers with wool; on Fridays it is a market for raw hides, and on - Saturdays for beef. - - Behind this market are two others separated by a range of buildings of - a considerable length, with shops and rooms on each side. In both - these are principally sold small meat, as mutton, veal, lamb, and - pork, and some of the shops sell beef. In the easternmost of these - markets is a market house supported on pillars, with vaults - underneath, and rooms above, with a clock and a bell tower, and - underneath are sold various sorts of provision. Beyond these is a very - spacious market for fowl. There is another called the Herb-market, - which has an entrance into Leadenhall street, but this does not - succeed. The passages into the above markets from Lime street and - Gracechurch street, are filled with the dealers in provisions of - various kinds. - -LEADENHALL _street_ extends from the end of Cornhill, at the corner of - Gracechurch street, to Aldgate street within. - -LEATHER _lane_, Holborn. - -LEATHERDRESSERS _yard_, Paul’s Alley. - -LEATHERHEAD, or LETHERHEAD, a small town in Surry, situated about four - miles to the S. W. of Epsom. It had formerly a market, which has been - discontinued above an hundred years. Here is a bridge over the river - Mole, which having sunk into the earth near Mickleham, at the foot of - Boxhill, rises again near this town, and runs through Cobham, to the - Thames at Moulsey. ’Tis pleasantly situated on a rising bank by the - side of the river, and in as good a situation for riding or hunting as - most within twenty miles of London, it having a fine, open, dry, - champaign country almost all round it. - -LEATHERSELLERS, a company incorporated by letters patent granted by - Henry VI. in the Year 1442. They are governed by a Prime, and three - Wardens, with twenty-six Assistants, and an hundred and fifty-six - liverymen, who at their admission pay a fine of 20_l._ each. - - By a grant of Henry VII. the Wardens of this corporation, or their - deputies, were impowered to have the inspection of sheeps, lambs, and - calves leather throughout the kingdom, in order the more effectually - to prevent frauds in those commodities. - -LEATHERSELLERS _hall_ in Little St. Helen’s, was part of the convent of - nuns dedicated to St. Helen, and considering the antiquity of its - building, has some of the best joiners and plaisterers work in the - kingdom. The entrance into the common hall is up a handsome flight of - stone steps from the court yard. The screen is magnificently adorned - with six columns of the Ionic order, enrichments, &c. and the ceiling - enriched with fretwork. - -_Boyle’s_ LECTURE. See the article BOYLE’S LECTURE. - -LEE’S _Almshouse_, upon the Narrow Wall, Lambeth, was erected by Gerard - Van Lee; and Valentine Van Lee, who was probably his son, gave the - eight poor inhabitants of this house, the sum of 5_l._ _per annum_, - for the term of five hundred Years. _Maitland._ - -LEE’S _court_, 1. St. Catharine’s lane.† 2. Hockley in the Hole.† - -LEE’S _street_, Red Lion square, Holborn.† - -LEG _alley_, 1. Barnaby street.* 2. Long Acre.* 3. Shoreditch.* 4. - Tooley street.* - -LEG _court_, Peter street, Westminster.* - -_St._ LEGER’S _wharf_, Tooley street.† - -LEGGET’S _walk_, Upper Ground.† - -LEICESTER _fields_, a very handsome square, the inner part of which is - enclosed with iron rails, and adorned with grass plats and gravel - walks, in the center of which is an equestrian statue of his present - majesty gilt. The buildings with which this square is surrounded, are - very good, especially the north side, where is Leicester house, once - the seat of the Earl of Leicester, and now inhabited by her Royal - Highness the Princess Dowager of Wales. This is a large brick - building, neat and commodious, though not magnificent. It has a - spacious court before, and a fine garden behind it; there is here a - good collection of pictures; and from this house the square is - denominated. Next to this edifice is the house of Sir George Savile, - Bart. in which his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales resides at - present. - -LEICESTER _street_, 1. By Leicester fields.☐ 2. Liquorpond street. 3. - Warwick street, Haymarket. - -LEIGH’S _court_, St. Catharine’s lane.† - -LEITH HILL, near Boxhill in Surry, admired for affording one of the - noblest prospects in all Europe, of which Mr. Dennis gives a lively - description in his Letters familiar, moral and critical; we shall - therefore transcribe his words. “In a late journey,” says he, “which I - took into the Wild of Sussex, I passed over an hill which shewed me a - more transporting sight than ever the country had shewn me before, - either in England or Italy. The prospects which in Italy pleased me - most, were that of the Valdarno from the Apennines; that of Rome, and - the Mediterranean from the mountains of Viterbo; of Rome at forty, and - the Mediterranean at fifty miles distance from it; and that of the - Campagne of Rome from Tivoli and Frescati; from which two places you - see every foot of that famous Campagne, even from the bottom of Tivoli - and Frescati to the very foot of the mountain of Viterbo, without any - thing to intercept your sight. But from an hill which I passed in my - late journey into Sussex, I had a prospect more extensive than any of - these, and which surpassed them at once in rural charms, in pomp, and - in magnificence. The hill which I speak of, is called Leith Hill, and - is about five miles southward from Darking, about six from Box Hill, - and near twelve from Epsom. It juts itself out about two miles beyond - that range of hills which terminate the north downs to the south. When - I saw from one of these hills, at about two miles distance that side - of Leith Hill which faces the northern downs, it appeared the - beautifullest prospect I had ever seen: but after we had conquered the - hill itself, I saw a sight that would transport a stoic; a sight that - looked like enchantment and vision. Beneath us lay open to our view - all the wilds of Surry and Sussex, and a great part of that of Kent, - admirably diversified in every part of them with woods, and fields of - corn and pastures, every where adorned with stately rows of trees. - - “This beautiful vale is about thirty miles in breadth, and about sixty - in length, and is terminated to the south by the majestic range of the - southern hills, and the sea: and it is no easy matter to decide, - whether these hills, which appear at thirty, forty, fifty miles - distance, with their tops in the sky, seem more aweful and venerable, - or the delicious vale between you and them more inviting. About noon, - in a serene day, you may at thirty miles distance, see the very water - of the sea through a chasm of the mountains. And that which above all - makes it a noble and a wonderful prospect, is, that at the same time - that, at thirty miles distance, you behold the very water of the sea; - at the same time that you behold to the south, the most delicious - rural prospect in the world; at that very time, by a little turn of - your head towards the north, you look full over Box Hill, and see the - country beyond it, between that and London; and, over the very - stomacher of it, see St. Paul’s at twenty-five miles distance, and - London beneath it, and Highgate and Hampstead beyond it.” - -LEMON _street_, 1. Goodman’s fields.† 2. Lowman’s Pond row, Southwark.† - -LEMONTREE _yard_, Bedfordsbury.* - -_St._ LEONARD’S _Eastcheap_, was dedicated to Leonard, a French saint, - and mighty miracle-monger, and stood on the east side of Fish street - hill, near Little Eastcheap; but being destroyed by the fire of London - in 1666, and not rebuilt, the parish is annexed to that of St. - Bennet’s Gracechurch street. _Maitland._ - -_St._ LEONARD’S _Foster lane_, was dedicated to the above-mentioned - saint, and stood on the west side of Foster lane, Cheapside; but - suffering in the fatal catastrophe of 1666, and not being rebuilt, the - parish is annexed to that of Christ’s Church. - -_St._ LEONARD’S _Shoreditch_. There was a church in this place dedicated - to the same saint in very early times, and there are records of a - dispute concerning itz in the reign of Henry II. The last structure, - which was a very mean heavy pile, stood till the year 1735, when the - inhabitants having the year before applied to parliament, it was - pulled down, and the present light and elegant edifice was soon after - erected in its room. _Strype’s edit. of Stow._ - - To this church there is an ascent by a double flight of plain steps, - which lead to a portico of the angular kind supported by four Doric - columns, and bearing an angular pediment. The body of the edifice is - plain, but well enlightened, and the steeple light, elegant and lofty. - The tower at a proper height has a series of Ionic columns, and on - their entablature are scrolls which support as many Corinthian columns - placed on pedestals, and supporting a dome, from whose crown rises a - series of columns of the Composite order, on whose entablature rests - the spire standing upon four balls, which give it an additional air of - lightness; and on the top, as usual, is a ball and fane. - - This church is both a rectory and a vicarage; but the distinct rights - of the Rector and Vicar are said to be not thoroughly ascertained; - however the profits of the vicarage amount to about 350_l._ a year. - -LEOPARD _alley_, Saffron hill.* - -LEOPARD’S _court_, Baldwin’s Gardens. - -LESTER’S _yard_, Bluegate fields.† - -LEVERIDGE’S _yard_, Nightingale lane.† - -LEWISHAM, a town in Kent, situated on the river Ravensburn, between - Blackheath and Surry. Here are two free schools, of which the - Leathersellers company in London are Governors. - -LEWIS’S _yard_, 1. Greenbank, Wapping.† 2. Saffron hill.† - -LEYDON _street_, Shadwell market.† - -LIDIER’S _court_, Saltpetre bank.† - -LIFEGUARD _yard_, Oxford street. - -LILLEY’S _alley_, Saffron hill.† - -LILLIPOT _lane_, Noble street, Foster lane.† - -LIMEHOUSE, was anciently a village above two miles distant from the city - of London, though it is now joined by a continued chain of buildings: - its original name was Limehurst, which has been corrupted to - Limehouse, This, according to Mr. Stow, is a Saxon word signifying a - grove of lime trees, and it was given to this village, on account of - the number of those trees anciently in that neighbourhood. - -LIMEHOUSE _bridge_, Limehouse. - -LIMEHOUSE _causeway_, Limehouse. - -LIMEHOUSE _corner_, Limehouse. - -LIMEHOUSE _dock_, Narrow street, Limehouse. - -LIMEHOUSE _Fore street_, at the end of Ratcliff Narrow street. - -LIMEHOUSE HOLE, Limehouse. - -LIMEHOUSE HOLE _stairs_, Limehouse. - -LIMEHOUSE HOLE _street_, Limehouse. - -LIMEHOUSE _road_, White Horse street. - -LIMEKILN _dock_, Limehouse. - -LIMEKILN _hill_, Limehouse. - -LIMEKILN _yard_, Limehouse. - -LIME _street_, extends from Leadenhall street into Fenchurch street, and - is thus called from its being anciently a place where lime was either - made or sold. _Maitland._ - -LIME STREET _square_, Lime street. - -LIME STREET WARD, is very small, and is bounded on the north and east by - Aldgate ward; on the south by Langbourn ward; and on the west, by - Bishopsgate ward. It is observable that there is no church, nor whole - street in this ward, though it runs through several parishes. Its - principal buildings are the East India House, and Leadenhall. - - To this ward belong an Alderman and four Common Council men, including - the Deputy, four constables, two scavengers, sixteen wardmote inquest - men, and a beadle. The jurymen returned by the wardmote inquest serve - as jurors in the several courts in Guildhall, in the month of - November. - -LIME TREE _court_, Narrow wall, Southwark.‡ - -LIMPSFIELD, a village near Croydon in Surry, in the Kent road. - -LINCOLN’S INN, one of the four Inns of Court, is situated on the west - side of Chancery lane, where formerly stood the houses of the Bishop - of Chichester and of the Black Friars, the latter erected about the - year 1222, and the former about 1226; but both of them coming to Henry - Lacey, Earl of Lincoln, he built in their room a stately mansion for - his city residence. It however afterwards reverted to the bishopric of - Chichester, and was demised by Robert Sherbourn, Bishop of that see, - to Mr. William Syliard, a student there, for a term of years; after - the expiration of which Dr. Richard Sampson, his successor, in the - year 1536 passed the inheritance thereof to the said Syliard and - Eustace his brother; and the latter, in 1579, in consideration of the - sum of 500_l._ conveyed the house and gardens in fee to Richard - Kingsmill and the rest of the benchers. - - The charge of admission into this house, including fees, amount to - 5_l._ and every student, after studying there seven years, is admitted - to the bar. The members are obliged to be a fortnight in commons every - term, on the penalty of paying 18_s._ in case of absence. _Stow._ - _Maitland._ - - Lincoln’s Inn principally consists of three rows of good buildings, - all taken up by gentlemen of the society. These form three sides of - the square, and here the buildings are all new and uniform, the north - side lying open to the gardens, which are greatly improved with gravel - walks, grass plats, rows of trees, and a very long terrace walk, which - affords a fine prospect of Lincoln’s Inn Fields. In the middle of the - square is a neat fluted Corinthian column in a small bason surrounded - with iron bars. This column supports a handsome sun dial, which has - four sides, and on the corners of the pedestal are four naked boys - spouting water out of Tritons’ shells. This is one of the neatest - squares in town, and tho’ it is imperfect on one side, that very - defect produces a beauty by giving a prospect of the gardens, which - are only separated from it by iron rails, and fill the space to - abundantly more advantage. No area is kept in better order for - cleanliness and beauty by day, or illuminations and decorum by night. - The fountain in the middle is a pretty decoration. The print - represents as much of the square as could be taken in the visual angle - at one view, with the fountain in the middle, as it appears coming - into it from Portugal row. This is one of the most considerable Inns - of Court possessed by the gentlemen of the law. Here is a good hall - and chapel of Gothic architecture. The latter was built by Inigo - Jones, who notwithstanding his skill and reputation in architecture, - could not persuade them to have it in any other stile. - - The above gardens, which are extremely pleasant and commodious, are, - like those of Gray’s Inn, laid open for public use; the greatest part - of the west side of the square is taken up with the offices belonging - to the stamp duty. See STAMP OFFICE. - - A little behind the north east side of the square is the above chapel, - which was built about the year 1622 or 1623, on pillars, with an - ambulatory or walk underneath, paved with broad stones. This walk, - particularly when illuminated by the lamps, inspires the mind with a - kind of melancholy pleasure, that may be better felt than described. - The outside of the chapel is a good piece of Gothic architecture, and - the windows are painted with the figures at full length of the - principal personages mentioned in the sacred Scriptures. On the twelve - windows on the north side, are Abraham, Moses, Eli, David, and the - prophets Daniel, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Amos, and Zachariah, with - John the Baptist, and St. Paul, and on the south side are the rest of - the Apostles. Under these figures are the arms of a great number of - the gentlemen belonging to this society. The colours in these - paintings being extremely bright and beautiful, it is not at all - surprizing that these pictures on glass should be much admired, though - the designs are in reality but poor, and there is little expression in - the faces. - - In the old buildings fronting the garden beyond the square, is the - library, which consists of a good collection of books in several - languages and faculties. - - -[Illustration: - - _S. Wale delin._ _J. Fougeron sculp._ - _Lincoln’s Inn._ -] - - -LINCOLN’S INN FIELDS, is universally allowed to be the largest, and one - of the most beautiful squares in London, if not in Europe. It is - encompassed on three sides by houses, and on the east by the wall of - the terrace of Lincoln’s Inn garden. The north side is called Newman’s - row, the west side Arch row, the south side Portugal row, and the east - side Lincoln’s Inn wall. This square was originally laid out by the - masterly hand of Inigo Jones, and it is said that the sides of it are - the exact measure of the great Pyramid of Egypt. It was intended to - have been built all in the same stile; but there were not a sufficient - number of people of taste, to accomplish so great a work. The house - which was late the Duke of Ancaster’s, is built on this model; but - elevated and improved so as to make it more suitable to the quality of - the owner. It has that simple grandeur which characterises all the - designs of the celebrated Inigo Jones. The print here given of it may - serve to convey some idea not only of this particular house, but of - the noble appearance which the whole square would have made had it - been all built after this fine design. - - Some of the houses however in this square are grand and noble, but - they are far from having that beauty which arises from uniformity. The - square is now adorned with a fine bason in the middle, well supplied - with water; and with grass plats and gravel walks, encompassed with an - iron pallisade fixed upon a stone plinth, at a proper distance from - the buildings. - -LINCOLN’S INN _gate_, on the south side of Lincoln’s Inn square. - -LINCOLN’S INN _passage_, on the west side of Lincoln’s Inn square. - -LINTON’S _court_, Near New Gravel lane.† - -LINTON’S _lane_, Newington Butts.† - -LINTON’S _yard_, Milk yard, Shadwell.† - -LION AND LAMB _alley_, Golden lane.* - -LION’S _court_, Lutener’s Lane.† - -LION’S INN, anciently a common Inn, with the sign of the Lion, is one of - the Inns in Chancery, and is situated between Holiwell street and Wych - street. It is a member of the Inner Temple, and is governed by a - Treasurer and twelve Ancients, who with the other members are to be - three weeks in commons in Michaelmas term, and a fortnight in each of - the rest. _Chamberlain’s Present State._ _Maitland._ - -LION’S INN _court_, Lion’s Inn.* - -LION’S _key_, Thames street.† - -LION’S _street_, Bloomsbury.† - -LION’S _yard_, Whitecross street.† - -LIQUORPOND _street_, Leather lane. - -LISLE _street_, Prince’s street, Soho.† - -LISSHAM _Green_, a pleasant village near Paddington. - -LITCHFIELD _street_, Soho. - -LITTLE ALMONRY, by the Great Almonry, Westminster; so named from the - alms given there. See the next article. - -LITTLE ALMONRY _Almshouse_, situated in the Little Almonry, was founded - by Henry VII. for the accommodation of twelve poor watermen and their - wives, who annually receive of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster - 7_l._ 2_s._ 4_d._ each couple, with a purple gown every other year; - and for the burial of a Duke, Marquis, or their Ladies in the Abbey, - 1_l._ 6_s._ 6_d._ and for that of an Earl, Baron, or their Ladies, - 10_s._ 6_d._ - -LITTLE _St._ ANDREW’S _street_, Seven Dials. - -LITTLE _St._ ANN’S _lane_, 1. Old Pye street. 2. Peter street, - Westminster. - -LITTLE ARGYLE _street_, Argyle street, Great Marlborough street.† - -LITTLE ARTHUR _street_, Great Arthur street, Goswell street.† - -LITTLE ASHENTREE _court_, Water lane.‡ - -LITTLE AYLIFF _street_, Goodman’s Fields.† - -LITTLE BACON _street_, Brick lane.† - -LITTLE BAILEY _street_, Little Tower hill.† - -LITTLE BANDYLEG _walk_, Queen street. - -LITTLE BARTHOLOMEW CLOSE, Little Britain. - -LITTLE BEAR _key_, Thames street. See BEAR _key_. - -LITTLE BELL _alley_, 1. Coleman street.* 2. Grub street.* - -LITTLE BENNET’S _court_, Marygold court.† - -LITTLE BLACK HORSE _court_, Aldersgate street. - -LITTLE BOOTH _street_, Coverley’s fields. - -LITTLE BOSS _alley_, Thames street. - -LITTLE BRICK _lane_, Nicol’s street. - -LITTLE BRIDGES _street_, Bridges street.† - -LITTLE BRITAIN, extends from Aldersgate street to Duck lane. This was - anciently called Britain street, from the Duke of Britany’s palace - situated in it near St. Botolph’s church. - -LITTLE BROAD _street_, Broad street, London wall. - -LITTLE BROOK’S _street_, Grosvenor square.† - -LITTLE BUSH _lane_, Thames street. - -LITTLE BUR _street_, Nightingale lane, East Smithfield.† - -LITTLE CABLE _street_, 1. Cable street, Rag Fair.† 2. Wellclose square.† - -LITTLE CARTER _lane_, Old Change.† - -LITTLE CASTLE _street_, Winsley street.* - -LITTLE CATHARINE _street_, In the Strand. - -LITTLE CHANDOS _street_, St. Martin’s lane. - -LITTLE CHAPEL _street_, 1. Great Wardour street. 2. By New Chapel - street, Westminster. - -LITTLE CHEAPSIDE, Three Cranes, Thames street. - -LITTLE CHEAPSIDE _yard_, Three Crane alley. - -LITTLE COCK _alley_, 1. Redcross street, Cripplegate.* 2. Whitecross - street, Cripplegate.* - -LITTLE COCK _hill_, Ratcliff.† - -LITTLE _court_, 1. Duke’s Place, by Aldgate. 2. St. Mary Overies church - yard. - -LITTLE CROW _alley_, Whitecross street, Cripplegate.* - -LITTLE CROWDER’S WELL _alley_, Jewin street. - -LITTLE CROWN _alley_, Long Alley, Moorfields.* - -LITTLE DEAN’S _court_, St. Martin’s le Grand. - -LITTLE DEAN’S _yard_, Dean’s Yard, Westminster. - -LITTLE DICE _key_, Thames street. - -LITTLE DISTAFF _lane_, Old Change. - -LITTLE DRURY _lane_, in the Strand. - -LITTLE DUKE’S PLACE, or _court_, Leadenhall street. - -LITTLE DUNNING’S _alley_, near Bishopsgate street.† - -LITTLE EARL _street_, Seven Dials.† - -LITTLE EASTCHEAP, Gracechurch street. - -LITTLE ELBOW _lane_, 1. In Great Elbow lane, Thames street. 2. Ratcliff. - -LITTLE ESSEX _street_, Essex street, in the Strand. - -LITTLE FLOWER DE LUCE _court_, Cowcross.* - -LITTLE FRIARS _gate_, Fleet street, leading to White Friars. - -LITTLE FRIDAY _street_, Friday street, Cheapside. - -LITTLE GEORGE _street_, 1. Great George street, Conduit street. 2. Great - George street, Spitalfields. - -LITTLE GLOUCESTER _court_, Chequer alley, Whitecross street. - -LITTLE GLOUCESTER _street_, Whitecross street, Cripplegate. - -LITTLE GRAY’S INN _lane_, Gray’s Inn lane, Holborn. - -LITTLE GREENWICH, Aldersgate street. - -LITTLE GREENWICH _alley_, Aldersgate street. - -LITTLE GROSVENOR _street_, Grosvenor square. - -LITTLE GUN _alley_, Orchard, Wapping.* - -LITTLE HART _street_, near Covent Garden. - -LITTLE _St._ HELEN’S, Bishopsgate street. See _St._ HELEN’S. - -LITTLE _St._ HELEN’S _Almshouse_, was erected by the Leathersellers - company, pursuant to the will of John Hasilwood, of Waltham, Esq; in - the year 1544, for the reception of four men and three women, who were - allowed by the founder only 8_d._ per week each; but by other - benefactions, and the bounty of the company, they now receive 2_s._ - weekly, and six bushels of coals at Christmas. _Maitland._ - -LITTLE _St._ HELEN’S _court_, Bishopsgate street within. - -LITTLE HERMITAGE _street_, Wapping. - -LITTLE HOLLIS’S _street_, Hanover square.† - -LITTLE HOWARD’S _yard_, Angel alley.† - -LITTLE JERMAIN _street_, St. James’s street. - -LITTLE JOHN’S _street_, Davis’s street. - -LITTLE ISLAND, New Gravel lane. - -LITTLE IVY _lane_, Ivy lane.‡ - -LITTLE KING’S HEAD _court_, near Shoe lane, Fleet street. - -LITTLE KING’S _street_, St. James’s street. - -LITTLE KIRBY _street_, Hatton garden.† - -LITTLE KNIGHTRIDER _street_, Great Knightrider street, by Addle hill. - -LITTLE LAMB _alley_, Blackman street.* - -LITTLE LAST _alley_, East Smithfield.* - -LITTLE LOMBARD _street_, Lombard street, by the Mansion house. - -LITTLE LOVE _lane_, Wood street, Cheapside. - -LITTLE MADDOX _street_, New Bond street. - -LITTLE MARLBOROUGH _street_, Carnaby street. - -LITTLE MARSH _yard_, near Wapping. - -LITTLE _St._ MARTIN’S _lane_, Charing Cross. - -LITTLE MATCH _walk_, Upper Shadwell. - -LITTLE MAYPOLE _alley_, St. Margaret’s hill. - -LITTLE MAZEPOND _street_, in the Maze. - -LITTLE MINORIES, that part of the Minories which is railed in, and is - out of the city liberties. See the article MINORIES. - -LITTLE MINORIES _court_, Little Minories. - -LITTLE MITCHELL’S _street_, Old street.† - -LITTLE MONTAGUE _court_, Little Britain. - -LITTLE MONTAGUE _street_, 1. Crispin street, Spitalfields. 2. Pelham - street. - -LITTLE MOORFIELDS, Fore street, Moorgate. - -LITTLE MOOR _yard_, St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross.† - -LITTLE MOUSE _alley_, East Smithfield. - -LITTLE NEW _court_, Lamb alley. - -LITTLE NEWPORT _street_, Great Newport lane. - -LITTLE NEW _street_, New street, Shoe lane. - -LITTLE NEW STREET _hill_, near Shoe lane. - -LITTLE NIGHTINGALE _lane_, Burr street. - -LITTLE NORTHUMBERLAND _alley_, Crutched Friars. - -LITTLE NOTTINGHAM _street_, Dyot street. - -LITTLE OLD BAILEY, Great Old Bailey. - -LITTLE ORMOND _street_, 1. Southampton row. 2. Red Lion street, Holborn. - -LITTLE ORMOND _yard_, Ormond street. - -LITTLE PEARL _street_, Lamb street, Spitalfields.* - -LITTLE PETER _street_, 1. Little Windmill street. 2. Tufton street. - -LITTLE PORTLAND _street_, Portland street. - -LITTLE PRESCOT _street_, Goodman’s fields.† - -LITTLE PRINCE’S _street_, 1. Near High Holborn. 2. Old Soho. - -LITTLE QUEEN _street_, 1. Dean street, Soho. 2. High Holborn. 3. King - street, Rotherhith. 4. Queen street, Wapping. 5. Westminster. - -LITTLE RIDER’S _court_, Little Newport street.† - -LITTLE RIDER _street_, St. James’s street.† - -LITTLE ROPE _walk_, Goswell street. - -LITTLE RUSSEL _street_, 1. Bloomsbury. 2. Drury lane. - -LITTLE RUTLAND _court_, Addle hill. - -LITTLE SANCTUARY, King street, Westminster. - -LITTLE SCOTLAND _yard_, Whitehall. - -LITTLE SHEER _lane_, Sheer lane, Temple bar. - -LITTLE SMITH _street_, Smith street, Marsham street.† - -LITTLE SPRING _street_, Spring street, Shadwell. - -LITTLE STAR _alley_, Mark lane.* - -LITTLE STONE _stairs_, Ratcliff. - -LITTLE SUFFOLK _street_, Haymarket. - -LITTLE SWALLOW _street_, Swallow street. - -LITTLE SWAN _alley_, 1. Coleman street.* 2. Goswell street.* 3. Mount - Mill.* 4. St. John’s street, West Smithfield.* 5. Three colts yard, - London Wall.* - -LITTLE SWORDBEARERS _alley_, Chiswell street. - -LITTLE _St._ THOMAS APOSTLE’S _lane_, Queen street, Cheapside. - -LITTLE THOMPSON’S _rents_, Half Moon alley, Coleman street.† - -LITTLE THREE TUN _alley_, Near Whitechapel.* - -LITTLE TOWER HILL, At the bottom of the Minories. - -LITTLE TOWER _street_, At the west end of Tower street. - -LITTLE TRINITY _lane_, In Trinity lane, Bow lane. - -LITTLE TURNSTILE _alley_, High Holborn. - -LITTLE TWYFORD’S _alley_, St. Ermin’s hill.† - -LITTLE VINE _street_, Vine street.* - -LITTLE WARDOUR _street_, Tweed street. - -LITTLE WARNER _street_, Cold Bath fields.† - -LITTLE WARWICK _street_, Cockspur street. - -LITTLE WHITE BEAR _court_, Black Friars.* - -LITTLE WHITE LION _street_, Seven Dials.* - -LITTLE WILD _street_, Great Wild street.† - -LITTLE WINCHESTER _street_, London Wall. - -LITTLE WINDMILL _street_, Near Cambridge street. - -LITTLE WOOD _street_, Cripplegate. - -LITTLE YORK _street_, Cock lane, Shoreditch. - -LITTLETON _street_, Golden lane.† - -LITTON _street_, Golden lane.† - -LLOYD’S _court_, 1. Denmark street, Soho.† 2. Hog lane, St. Giles’s.† - -LLOYD’S _street_, Prince’s street, Soho.† - -LLOYD’S _yard_, Skinner’s street.† - -LOCK HOSPITAL, near Hyde Park Corner, for the cure of the venereal - disease. This charitable foundation was established, and is still - supported by the voluntary contributions of gentlemen, who have had - the humanity to consider, that pain and misery, however produced, - entitle frail mortals to relief from their fellow creatures. They - therefore, in imitation of the munificence of the Almighty, who causes - his sun to shine on the evil and the good, afford relief equally to - the innocent and the guilty. - - Patients were first received into this hospital on the 31st of January - 1747, since which time to the 10th of March 1752, there were - discharged from it 1432; besides those who received benefit from it, - by being out-patients; and the in-patients cured from the 10th of - March 1752, to the 10th of March 1753, amounted to 308; besides - twenty-one cured as out-patients. In that year four died, and at that - last period, there were forty patients in the house, and five - out-patients. - - Among the above unhappy objects were several married women, children - and infants, many of whom were admitted by the weekly committee, even - without any other recommendation than their distress, they being - almost naked, pennyless and starving. The virtuous, the humane reader - will be astonished at reading, that at the end of the above period, - among the other miserable objects who found relief, were upwards of - sixty children from two to ten or twelve years old, who became - infected from ways little suspected by the generality of mankind; from - the absurd opinion, imbibed by the lower class, both males and - females, that by communicating this loathsome disease to one that is - sound, they will get rid of it themselves; and from this principle, - which is contradicted by daily experience, the most horrid acts of - barbarity have been frequently committed on poor little infants; and - thus these vile wretches have entailed the most dreadful disease on - these innocent infants, without affording the least relief to - themselves. This the Governors have thought their duty to publish, in - order, as much as possible, to root out from among mankind an opinion - at once so base, so false, and productive of such cruelty. - - From the above account of the happy success of this charity, its great - usefulness must appear extremely obvious to every humane well disposed - person: and many such may be induced to contribute to it, when they - are informed that any sum not less than a guinea a year, will be - acceptable. - - Every gentleman subscribing 5_l._ a year, or upwards, is a Governor of - this hospital; and whoever gives a benefaction of 50_l._ at one time, - is a Governor for life: but no Governor above two years in arrear, can - have any power or privilege as a Governor, till he has paid his - arrears. - - A committee of at least five of the Governors meet every Saturday - morning at ten o’clock, to admit and discharge patients, adjust the - weekly accounts, receive the reports of the visitors, and examine the - affairs of the house. - - Two of the contributors are appointed weekly by the committee to - examine every day into the behaviour of the patients and nurses, and - make their report, as it shall appear to them, at the next weekly - board. - - The orders of the house are: - - I. That no patient is to be admitted but who brings a recommendation - in writing, signed by a Governor, or one of the weekly committee. - - II. That all recommendations for the admission of patients are - received every Saturday morning till eleven o’clock. - - III. Every patient is obliged to submit to the rules and orders of the - house, or be discharged for irregularity. - - IV. No person discharged for irregularity, can ever be received into - the house again, on any recommendation whatsoever. - - V. That no Governor have more than one patient in the house at a time; - and that a preference be always given to those who subscribe the - largest sums, so far as the case of the patient will admit. - - VI. That no nurse, or any other person belonging to this hospital, do - presume to take any reward whatsoever from any patient, either at - their admission, continuance in the house, or discharge out of it, on - pain of being immediately expelled, by order of the next weekly board. - - VII. That no security at the admission of any patient be required for - his burial; but when any patient dies in the hospital, he or she shall - be buried at the expence of the society, unless it be otherwise - desired by the friends of the deceased. - - The contributors are desired to send their subscriptions to the - Treasurer at the weekly board, held every Saturday morning in the - hospital; and in order to supply the current expence of the charity, - the subscribers are requested to pay their annual subscriptions in - advance. - - There is a poor’s box in the public hall, for the reception of small - sums, or from such as are not willing to have their names inserted in - the list of subscribers. - -LOCK HOSPITAL, at the south east corner of Kent street, in Southwark, - was anciently a house for the reception and cure of lepers: but at - present it belongs to St. Bartholomew’s hospital in this city, and - with the Lock at Kingsland, is appropriated to the cure of venereal - patients. - - It is a small neat edifice, and has been lately rebuilt. It has a row - of trees before, and a garden behind, with a wall next the street. At - the south end is the chapel, built about an hundred and twenty years - ago. - -LOCK HOSPITAL, at Kingsland. See KINGSLAND. - -LOCKWOOD’S _yard_, Saffron hill.† - -LODISE’S _alley_, Saltpetre Bank.† - -LODISE’S _court_, Saltpetre Bank.† - -LOGSDOWN _yard_, Middle row, Holborn. - -LOLLARDS TOWER, the southernmost of two stone towers which stood at the - west of St. Paul’s cathedral before the fire of London; which being - used as the Bishop of London’s prison for such as were found guilty of - the supposed crime of maintaining opinions contrary to the faith of - the church of Rome, and many of the followers of Wickliff, who were - called Lollards, being here imprisoned, it obtained the name of the - Lollards Tower. Among these persecuted people were Mr. Richard Hunne, - a citizen of London, a person well beloved, and of a fair character, - who in the year 1515 was imprisoned here, under the pretence of having - Wickliff’s bible; tho’ the occasion of his ruin was a dispute he had - with a clerk about a mortuary, which was made the cause of the whole - clergy. This man however submitted to the Bishop’s correction, upon - which he ought to have been enjoined penance and set at liberty; but - he was found hanging in his chamber, with his neck broken; and the - Bishop’s sumner owned that he, with Dr. Horsey the Bishop’s - chancellor, and the bell-ringer, had committed the murder. Upon this - the coroner’s inquest proceeded to trial; but the Bishop began a new - process against the dead body for heresy, and his persecutors not - satisfied with having him murdered, caused the corpse to be burnt in - Smithfield. _Maitland._ - -LOLLARDS TOWER, at Lambeth. See LAMBETH. - -LOMBARD _court_, 1. Seven Dials. 2. West street, Soho. - -LOMBARD _street_, 1. On the back of Cornhill, extends from the mansion - house of the Lord Mayor, to Gracechurch street. Lombard street was - anciently, as well as at present, inhabited by bankers, the first of - whom were Italians chiefly from Lombardy, whence the word Lombards - became anciently applied to all bankers, and this street retained the - name of Lombards or Bankers street. _Stow._ 2. In Coverley’s fields. - 3. In White Friars. 4. In the Mint, Southwark. - - - _The End of the_ THIRD VOLUME. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - ● Transcriber’s Notes: - ○ Some of the illustrations have been moved to be closer to their - descriptions. - ○ The decorative line that separates chapters was missing from - chapter “L”. Perhaps because it is the only chapter, after the - first, that begins at the top of a page. The decorative line from - an earlier chapter was used. - ○ There is no section for streets and buildings beginning with the - letter “I”. They are mixed in with the “J”s. - ○ Missing or obscured punctuation was silently corrected. - ○ Typographical errors were silently corrected. - ○ Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation were made consistent only - when a predominant form was found in this book. - ○ The use of a carat (^) before one or more letters shows they were - intended to be superscripts, as in S^t Bartholomew or L^{d.} - Egemont. - ○ Text that was in italics is enclosed by underscores (_italics_). - - - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of London and Its Environs Described, -vol. 3 (of 6), by Anonymous - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LONDON AND ITS ENVIRONS, VOL 3 *** - -***** This file should be named 60016-0.txt or 60016-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/0/0/1/60016/ - -Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm -concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, -and may not be used if you charge for the eBooks, unless you receive -specific permission. If you do not charge anything for copies of this -eBook, complying with the rules is very easy. You may use this eBook -for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, -performances and research. They may be modified and printed and given -away--you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks -not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the -trademark license, especially commercial redistribution. - -START: FULL LICENSE - -THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE -PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK - -To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free -distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work -(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full -Project Gutenberg-tm License available with this file or online at -www.gutenberg.org/license. - -Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works - -1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to -and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property -(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all -the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or -destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your -possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a -Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound -by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the -person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph -1.E.8. - -1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be -used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who -agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few -things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See -paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this -agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below. - -1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the -Foundation" or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection -of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual -works in the collection are in the public domain in the United -States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the -United States and you are located in the United States, we do not -claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, -displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as -all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope -that you will support the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting -free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm -works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the -Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with the work. You can easily -comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the -same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg-tm License when -you share it without charge with others. - -1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern -what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are -in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, -check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this -agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, -distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any -other Project Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no -representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any -country outside the United States. - -1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: - -1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other -immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear -prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work -on which the phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the -phrase "Project Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, -performed, viewed, copied or distributed: - - This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and - most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no - restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it - under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this - eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the - United States, you'll have to check the laws of the country where you - are located before using this ebook. - -1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is -derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not -contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the -copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in -the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are -redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply -either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or -obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg-tm -trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted -with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution -must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any -additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms -will be linked to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works -posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the -beginning of this work. - -1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this -work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. - -1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this -electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without -prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with -active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project -Gutenberg-tm License. - -1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, -compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including -any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access -to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format -other than "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official -version posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site -(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense -to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means -of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original "Plain -Vanilla ASCII" or other form. Any alternate format must include the -full Project Gutenberg-tm License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. - -1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, -performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works -unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing -access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -provided that - -* You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from - the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method - you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed - to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he has - agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project - Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid - within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are - legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty - payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project - Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in - Section 4, "Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg - Literary Archive Foundation." - -* You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies - you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he - does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm - License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all - copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue - all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg-tm - works. - -* You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of - any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the - electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of - receipt of the work. - -* You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free - distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work or group of works on different terms than -are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing -from both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and The -Project Gutenberg Trademark LLC, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm -trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. - -1.F. - -1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable -effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread -works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project -Gutenberg-tm collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may -contain "Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate -or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other -intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or -other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or -cannot be read by your equipment. - -1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right -of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project -Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all -liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal -fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT -LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE -PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE -TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE -LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR -INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH -DAMAGE. - -1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a -defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can -receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a -written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you -received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium -with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you -with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in -lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person -or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second -opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If -the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing -without further opportunities to fix the problem. - -1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth -in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO -OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT -LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. - -1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied -warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of -damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement -violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the -agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or -limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or -unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the -remaining provisions. - -1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the -trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone -providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in -accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the -production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, -including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of -the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this -or any Project Gutenberg-tm work, (b) alteration, modification, or -additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any -Defect you cause. - -Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm - -Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of -electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of -computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It -exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations -from people in all walks of life. - -Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the -assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's -goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will -remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure -and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future -generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see -Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at -www.gutenberg.org - - - -Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation - -The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit -501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the -state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal -Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification -number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by -U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. - -The Foundation's principal office is in Fairbanks, Alaska, with the -mailing address: PO Box 750175, Fairbanks, AK 99775, but its -volunteers and employees are scattered throughout numerous -locations. Its business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt -Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to -date contact information can be found at the Foundation's web site and -official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact - -For additional contact information: - - Dr. Gregory B. Newby - Chief Executive and Director - gbnewby@pglaf.org - -Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation - -Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide -spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of -increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be -freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest -array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations -($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt -status with the IRS. - -The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating -charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United -States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a -considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up -with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations -where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND -DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular -state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate - -While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we -have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition -against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who -approach us with offers to donate. - -International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make -any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from -outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. - -Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation -methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other -ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To -donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate - -Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works. - -Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project -Gutenberg-tm concept of a library of electronic works that could be -freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and -distributed Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of -volunteer support. - -Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed -editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in -the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not -necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper -edition. - -Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search -facility: www.gutenberg.org - -This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. - diff --git a/old/60016-0.zip b/old/60016-0.zip Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index b36f046..0000000 --- a/old/60016-0.zip +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h.zip b/old/60016-h.zip Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 728db13..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h.zip +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/60016-h.htm b/old/60016-h/60016-h.htm deleted file mode 100644 index e311beb..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/60016-h.htm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,12067 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" - "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> -<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> - <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /> - <title> London and its Environs Described, Vol. III., By Anonymous—A Project Gutenberg eBook</title> - <link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover.jpg" /> - <style type="text/css"> - body { margin-left: 8%; margin-right: 10%; } - h1 { text-align: center; font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.4em; } - h2 { text-align: center; font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2em; } - .pageno { right: 1%; font-size: x-small; background-color: inherit; color: silver; - text-indent: 0em; text-align: right; position: absolute; - border: thin solid silver; padding: .1em .2em; font-style: normal; - font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; } - p { text-indent: 0; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-align: justify; } - sup { vertical-align: top; font-size: 0.6em; } - .fss { font-size: 75%; } - .sc { font-variant: small-caps; } - .large { font-size: large; } - .xlarge { font-size: x-large; } - .xxlarge { font-size: xx-large; } - .small { font-size: small; } - .lg-container-b { text-align: center; } - @media handheld { .lg-container-b { clear: both; } } - .lg-container-l { text-align: left; } - @media handheld { .lg-container-l { clear: both; } } - .linegroup { display: inline-block; text-align: left; } - @media handheld { .linegroup { display: block; margin-left: 1.5em; } } - .linegroup .group { margin: 1em auto; } - .linegroup .line { text-indent: -3em; padding-left: 3em; } - div.linegroup > :first-child { margin-top: 0; } - .linegroup .in2 { padding-left: 4.0em; } - ul.ul_1 {padding-left: 0; margin-left: 5.56%; margin-top: .5em; - margin-bottom: .5em; list-style-type: disc; } - ul.ul_2 {padding-left: 0; margin-left: 9.72%; margin-top: .5em; - margin-bottom: .5em; list-style-type: circle; } - div.footnote {margin-left: 2.5em; } - div.footnote > :first-child { margin-top: 1em; } - div.footnote .label { display: inline-block; width: 0em; text-indent: -2.5em; - text-align: right; } - div.pbb { page-break-before: always; } - hr.pb { border: none; border-bottom: thin solid; margin-bottom: 1em; } - @media handheld { hr.pb { display: none; } } - .chapter { clear: both; page-break-before: always; } - .figcenter { clear: both; max-width: 100%; margin: 2em auto; text-align: center; } - div.figcenter p { text-align: center; text-indent: 0; } - .figcenter img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; } - .id001 { width:600px; } - .id002 { width:411px; } - @media handheld { .id001 { margin-left:12%; width:75%; } } - @media handheld { .id002 { margin-left:24%; width:51%; } } - .ic001 { width:100%; } - .ig001 { width:100%; } - .table0 { margin: auto; margin-top: 2em; margin-left: 22%; margin-right: 23%; - width: 55%; } - .table1 { margin: auto; margin-top: 2em; margin-left: 14%; margin-right: 15%; - width: 71%; } - .bbt { border-bottom: thin solid; } - .nf-center { text-align: center; } - .nf-center-c0 { text-align: left; margin: 0.5em 0; } - .c000 { margin-top: 1em; } - .c001 { page-break-before: always; margin-top: 4em; } - .c002 { margin-top: 4em; } - .c003 { margin-top: 2em; } - .c004 { text-indent: 1em; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c005 { margin-top: 2em; text-indent: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c006 { border: none; border-bottom: thin solid; margin-top: 1em; - margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 42%; width: 15%; margin-right: 43%; } - .c007 { page-break-before:auto; margin-top: 4em; } - .c008 { margin-left: 2.78%; text-indent: -2.78%; margin-top: 2em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c009 { margin-left: 2.78%; text-indent: -2.78%; margin-top: 0.5em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c010 { margin-left: 2.78%; text-indent: 1em; margin-top: 0.5em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c011 { margin-left: 2.78%; } - .c012 { margin-left: 2.78%; text-indent: 5.56%; margin-top: 0.5em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c013 { margin-left: 8.33%; text-indent: -2.78%; margin-top: 0.5em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c014 { margin-left: 5.56%; text-indent: -2.78%; margin-top: 0.5em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c015 { margin-left: 8.33%; margin-right: 5.56%; margin-top: 1em; font-size: 85%; - text-indent: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c016 { margin-left: 2.78%; margin-top: 1em; text-indent: 1em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c017 { margin-left: 4.17%; margin-top: 1em; font-size: 85%; } - .c018 { vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -1em; - padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; } - .c019 { vertical-align: top; text-align: right; } - .c020 { margin-left: 2.78%; text-indent: -2.78%; } - .c021 { margin-left: 2.78%; text-indent: -5.56%; margin-top: 0.5em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c022 { vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding-right: 1em; } - .c023 { vertical-align: top; text-align: right; padding-right: 1em; } - .c024 { margin-left: 2.78%; margin-top: 2em; text-indent: 1em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c025 { margin-left: 2.78%; margin-top: 1em; } - .c026 { margin-left: 5.56%; text-indent: -5.56%; margin-top: 0.5em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c027 { margin-left: 8.33%; margin-right: 5.56%; font-size: 85%; text-indent: 1em; - margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c028 { margin-left: 2.78%; text-indent: -2.78%; margin-top: 1em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c029 { margin-left: 2.78%; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c030 { text-decoration: none; } - .c031 { font-size: 85%; } - .c032 { margin-left: 2.78%; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } - .c033 { margin-left: 2.78%; margin-top: 2em; } - body {width:80%; margin:auto; } - .tnbox {background-color:#E3E4FA;border:1px solid silver;padding: 0.5em; - margin:2em 10% 0 10%; } - .gs2 {letter-spacing: 2px } - .gs6 {letter-spacing: 6px } - .gs9 {letter-spacing: 9px } - .gs15 {letter-spacing: 15px } - </style> - </head> - <body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of London and Its Environs Described, vol. 3 -(of 6), by Anonymous - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: London and Its Environs Described, vol. 3 (of 6) - Containing an Account of whatever is most remarkable for - Grandeur, Elegance, Curiosity or Use - -Author: Anonymous - -Release Date: July 30, 2019 [EBook #60016] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LONDON AND ITS ENVIRONS, VOL 3 *** - - - - -Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive) - - - - - - -</pre> - - -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/cover.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><span class='small'>The cover image was created by the transcriber and is placed in the public domain.</span></p> -</div> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c000' /> -</div> -<div> - <h1 class='c001'><span class='xxlarge'><span class="gs15">LONDON</span></span><br /> <br /><span class='small'>AND ITS</span><br /> <br /><span class='xlarge'><span class="gs9">ENVIRONS</span></span><br /> <br /><span class='large'>DESCRIBED</span>.</h1> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div>VOL. III.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c002' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c002'> - <div><span class='xxlarge'><span class="gs15">LONDON</span></span></div> - <div class='c000'>AND ITS</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='xxlarge'><span class="gs9">ENVIRONS</span></span></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='large'>DESCRIBED</span>.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='small'><span class="gs2">CONTAINING</span></span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c004'><span class='large'>An Account of whatever is most remarkable -for <span class='sc'>Grandeur</span>, <span class='sc'>Elegance</span>, <span class='sc'>Curiosity</span> -or <span class='sc'>Use</span>,</span></p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='xlarge'>In the <span class='sc'><span class="gs6">City</span></span> and in the <span class='sc'><span class="gs6">Country</span></span></span></div> - <div><span class='xlarge'>Twenty Miles round it.</span></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='small'>COMPREHENDING ALSO</span></div> - <div><span class='large'>Whatever is most material in the History and Antiquities</span></div> - <div><span class='large'>of this great Metropolis.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c005'><span class='large'>Decorated and illustrated with a great Number of -Views in Perspective, engraved from original -Drawings, taken on purpose for this Work.</span></p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='large'>Together with a <span class='sc'>Plan</span> of <span class="gs6">LONDO</span>N,</span></div> - <div><span class='large'>A Map of the <span class='sc'><span class="gs2">Environs</span></span>, and several other</span></div> - <div><span class='large'>useful <span class='sc'><span class="gs2">Cut</span>s</span>.</span></div> - <div class='c003'><span class='xlarge'><span class="gs6">VO</span>L. III.</span></div> - <div class='c003'><span class="gs6">LONDON</span>:</div> - <div>Printed for R. and J. <span class='sc'>Dodsley</span> in Pall Mall.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c006' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> - <div class='nf-center'> - <div>M DCC LXI.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c003' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c002'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_1'>1</span><span class='xxlarge'><span class="gs15">LONDON</span></span></div> - <div class='c000'>AND ITS</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='xlarge'><span class="gs15">ENVIRONS</span></span></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='large'><span class="gs6">DESCRIBE</span>D, &c.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c007'>GAP</h2> -</div> -<p class='c008'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Gabriel’s</span>, a church which stood -opposite to Cullum street, the middle -of Fenchurch street, in Langbourn -ward; but being destroyed by the fire -of London and not rebuilt, the parish was -annexed to the church of St. Margaret -Pattens.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gainsford</span> <i>street</i>, Horselydown lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gallard’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in Golden lane, -was founded by Richard Gallard of Islington, -Esq; for thirteen poor men -and women, who were to receive only -two pence a week each, and a load of -charcoal yearly amongst them all. By this -small allowance, it appears that this -house must be of a very ancient foundation. -<i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gap</span> <i>yard</i>, Stepney Causeway.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_2'>2</span><span class='sc'>Gardens</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Baldwin’s gardens.☐ -2. St. Botolph Bishopsgate church yard.☐ -3. Clement’s Inn.☐ 4. Clifford’s Inn.☐ -5. Furnival’s Inn.☐ 6. Lincoln’s Inn.☐ -7. Middle Temple.☐ 8. Petticoat lane.☐ -9. Serjeants Inn.☐ 10. Sion College.☐ -11. Staple’s Inn.☐ 12. Star street, Wapping -Wall.☐ 13. Thavie’s Inn.☐</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Garden</span> <i>row</i>, 1. Inner Temple.☐ 2. -Lower street, Islington.☐ 3. Unicorn -alley, Shoreditch.☐</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gardeners</span>, a company incorporated by -letters patent granted by King James I. -in the year 1616. They are governed -by a Master, two Wardens, and eighteen -Assistants; but have neither hall -nor livery.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gardiner’s</span> <i>court</i>, Gardiner’s lane, King -street, Westminster.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gardiner’s</span> <i>ground</i>, Collingwood street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gardiner’s</span> <i>lane</i>, 1. High Timber street. -2. King street, Westminster. 3. Maiden -lane. 4. Neathouse lane. 5. Petty France, -Westminster. 6. Willow street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gardiner’s</span> <i>row</i>, Chelsea.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Garland</span> <i>alley</i>, Bishopsgate street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Garland</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Ocean street, Stepney. -2. Trinity lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Garlic</span> <i>hill</i>, Thames street; so called -from the garlick market formerly held -thereabout. <i>Stow.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_3'>3</span><span class='sc'>Garrat</span> <i>street</i>, Cock lane, Shoreditch.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Garret’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in Porter’s fields, -and in the liberty of Norton Falgate, -was founded in the year 1729, by Nicholas -Garret, Esq; citizen and weaver, -for the accommodation of six poor members -of his company, each of whom has -also an annual allowance of 8<i>l.</i>, a chaldron -of coals, and dozen and a half of candles. -<i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Garret’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Coleman street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Garter</span> <i>court</i>, Barbican.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Garter</span> <i>yard</i>, Ratcliff Highway.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gasson</span>, a village in the parish of Blechingley, -in Surry, at the source of the -river Medway.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gatehouse</span>, Tothill street, Westminster, -is so called from two gates, erected there -in the reign of Edward III. Here is a -prison for debtors and criminals.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gate</span> <i>street</i>, Lincoln’s Inn fields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gatton</span>, a very small borough in Surry, -eighteen miles from London, under the -side of a hill in the road to Ryegate. -This is a very ancient town; and from the -Roman coins and other antiquities found -there, is supposed to have been well known -to the Romans; but though it is a borough -by prescription, and has sent members -to parliament ever since the 29th -of Henry VI. and though it was formerly -a large and populous place, it now -<span class='pageno' id='Page_4'>4</span>resembles a very mean village; it having -only a small church, and neither a fair -nor market. The members are returned -by its constable, who is annually chosen -at the Lord of the manor’s court. -This parish is famous for a quarry of -white stone, which, though very soft, -will endure the fire admirably well; -but neither the sun nor the air; on which -account it is much used for glass houses, -and by chemists and bakers.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gaunt’s</span> <i>key</i>. Thames street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Geneva</span> <i>row</i>, Tyburn road.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gentee’s</span> <i>passage</i>, Nibb’s Pound.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>George</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Aldgate street, within.* -2. Bishopsgate street.* 3. In the Borough.* -4. Coleman street.* 5. Field lane, at the -bottom of Holborn hill.* 6. George -street, York buildings.* 7. Holles street, -Clare market.* 8. King Tudor’s street.* -9. Lombard street, Gracechurch street.* -10. Lower Shadwell. 11. St. Margaret’s -hill.* 12. New George street, Spitalfields.* -13. Rotherhith.* 14. Saffron -hill.* 15. Shoe lane, Fleet street.* 16. -Stony street.* 17. In the Strand.* 18. -Thames street.* 19. Turnmill street.* -20. York buildings.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>George and Vulture</span> <i>alley</i>, Cornhill.*</p> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<img src='images/i010.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>S. Wale delin.</i> <i>Elliot sculp.</i><br /><i>Bloomsbury Church.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c008'><span class='sc'>George</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Bennet’s hill.* 2. Coleman -street.* 3. East Smithfield.* 4. -George street, Conduit street.* 5. George -<span class='pageno' id='Page_5'>5</span>street in the Mint.* 6. Gravel lane.* -7. Hatton Wall.* 8. St. John’s lane.* -9. Little St. Thomas Apostles.* 10. Near -Newington Turnpike.* 11. Prince’s street, -Spitalfields.* 12. Seacole lane, Snow -hill.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>George Inn</span> <i>yard</i>, in the Borough.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>George</span> <i>lane</i>, St. Botolph lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>George’s</span> <i>buildings</i>, 1. Catharine Wheel -alley, Whitechapel.† 2. Near Rosemary -lane.† 3. Jermain street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>George’s</span> <i>Bloomsbury</i>, is one of the -fifty new churches appointed to be built -by act of parliament within the bills -of mortality. The name of St. George -was given to it in honour of his present -Majesty; and it received the additional -epithet of Bloomsbury, from its situation, -to distinguish it from others of the same -name.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The portico through which you enter -the church stands on the south side, as is -represented in the print. It is of the -Corinthian order, and makes a very good -figure in the street, but has no affinity -to the church, which is very heavy, and -would be better suited with a Tuscan -portico. The tower and steeple at the -west, is a very extraordinary structure. -On the top standing on a round pedestal -or altar, is a colossal statue of the late -<span class='pageno' id='Page_6'>6</span>King, supported by a pyramid. At the -corners near the base are alternately placed -the lion and unicorn the British -supporters, with festoons between: these -animals being very large, are injudiciously -placed over columns very small, which -makes them appear monsters. The under -part is heavy enough, but not connected -with the church. The introduction -of figures and other pieces of sculpture -into steeples, which are so much the -work of fancy, and where the artist is -not so much confined as in the other -parts of the building, if managed with -taste and propriety might be made elegant -ornaments, and would make a fine -variety with the architectonic ones with -which the city already abounds.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This church was erected at the public -expence, and consecrated in January -1731. A district for its parish was -by authority of parliament taken out of -that of St. Giles’s, and the sum of 3000<i>l.</i> -was given towards the support of its -Rector, to which being added 1250<i>l.</i> -by the inhabitants of St. Giles’s parish, -both sums were ordered to be laid out -in the purchase of lands, tenements, &c. -in fee simple, as a perpetual fund for the -maintenance of the Rector and his successors; -but the poor of this parish and -<span class='pageno' id='Page_7'>7</span>that of St. Giles’s in the Fields, are to be -maintained by the joint assessment of -both parishes, in the same manner as before -their being divided.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>George’s</span> <i>Botolph lane</i>, is like all the -other churches of this name, dedicated -to St. George of Cappadocia, the martyr -and tutelar saint of the English nation, -and is situated on the west side of Botolph -lane, Thames street. The old church was -destroyed by the fire of London in 1666, -and the present edifice built in its stead. -It is enlightened with a single series of -tall windows, and the steeple consists of -a plain tower ornamented with vases at -the four corners.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This is a rectory in the gift of the -Crown; and to this parish that of St. -Botolph’s Billingsgate is united by act of -parliament.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>George’s</span> <i>fields</i>, a large space between -Lambeth and Southwark, where have -been found many Roman coins, chequered -pavements, and bricks, it being the -center of three Roman ways. Since the -building of Westminster bridge, a new -road has been made across these fields, -which leading into the Borough forms -a communication between the two bridges.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>George’s</span> <i>Hanover square</i>, is situated -on the east side of George street, near the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_8'>8</span>square, whence it had its additional -epithet. This is one of the churches that -were found necessary, upon the great -increase of public buildings in this part -of the town; for the church of St Martin’s -in the Fields being at too great a -distance from the new streets, and too -small for the inhabitants, the Commissioners -for the fifty new churches gave -orders for erecting one in the skirts of -the parish, on which this august pile -arose, and was consecrated in 1724.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This church, considering the extent -of the parish, is too small. It has a plain -body with an elegant portico: the columns, -which are Corinthian, are of a -large diameter, and the pediment has -its acroteria, but without farther ornament. -It has a tower, which, above the -clock, is elegantly adorned at the corners -with coupled Corinthian columns that -are very lofty. These are crowned with -their entablature, which at each corner -supports two vases, and over these the -tower still rises till it is terminated by -a dome crowned with a turret which -supports a ball, over which rises the weather-cock.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This church is a rectory; the parish -at first consisted of the two out wards -of that of St. Martin’s in the Fields; but -<span class='pageno' id='Page_9'>9</span>it has now four wards, named Conduit -street, Grosvenor street, Dover street, -and the out ward. The advowson is settled -upon the Bishop of London and his -successors. The profits arising to the -Rector, are said to amount to about 600<i>l.</i> -<i>per annum</i>. Lieutenant General Stewart -gave the ground on which this church -was erected, and some time after bequeathed -to this parish the sum of 4000<i>l.</i> towards -erecting and endowing a charity -school in it.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>George’s</span> <i>Middlesex</i>, situated on the -north side of Ratcliff Highway, is another -of the churches occasioned by the increase -of buildings in a part of the town opposite -to the former. The Commissioners -for erecting fifty new churches caused the -foundation to be laid in the year 1715, -and the structure was finished in 1729.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This is a massy structure, erected in a -very singular taste. The floor is raised a -considerable height above the level of the -ground; and to the principal door, which -is in the west front of the tower, is an ascent -by a double flight of steps, cut with -a sweep, and defended by a low wall of -the same form; but what is most singular -in this structure, is, there are two turrets -over the body of the church, and -one on the tower, which last is in the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_10'>10</span>manner of a fortification, with a staff on -the top for an occasional flag. The author -of <i>The Review of the Public Buildings</i> -calls this edifice a mere Gothic heap -of stone, without form or order.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The parish is taken out of that of Stepney; -and by act of parliament the hamlet -of Wapping Stepney is appropriated to -that purpose, and in all respects rendered -independent of Stepney parish. Towards -the maintenance of the Rector and his -successors, the parliament gave the sum -of 3000<i>l.</i> to be laid out in the purchase -of lands, tenements, &c. in fee simple; -and as a farther provision, the churchwardens -are annually to pay him the sum of -100<i>l.</i> to be raised by burial fees. The -advowson of this rectory, like that of Stepney, -is in the Principal and Scholars of -King’s hall, and Brazen nose college, Oxford.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>George’s</span> <i>Queen square</i>, also arose from -the increase of buildings. Several gentlemen -at the extremity of the parish of St. -Andrew’s Holborn, having proposed the -erecting of a chapel for religious worship, -Sir Streynsham Master, and fourteen of -the other neighbouring gentlemen, were -appointed trustees for the management -of this affair. These gentlemen in the -year 1705, agreed with Mr. Tooley to -give him 3500<i>l.</i> for erecting a chapel and -<span class='pageno' id='Page_11'>11</span>two houses, intending to reimburse themselves -by the sale of pews; and this edifice -being finished the next year, they -settled annual stipends for the maintenance -of a chaplain, an afternoon preacher -who was also reader, and a clerk, giving -to the first and second a salary of 100<i>l.</i> -each, and to the last 50<i>l.</i> But the Commissioners -for erecting fifty new churches -resolving to make this one of them, purchased -it, caused a certain district to be -appointed for its parish, and had it consecrated -in the year 1723, when it was dedicated -to St. George in compliment to -Sir Streynsham Master, who had been -Governor of Fort St. George in the East -Indies. <i>Maitland.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>This church is a plain common building -void of all elegance; it is however convenient -and well enlightened. The rectory, -like that of St. Andrew’s, is in the -Duke of Montague’s gift.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>George’s</span> <i>Southwark</i>, is situated at the -south east corner of St. Margaret’s hill. -There was a church in this place before -the year 1122, which in 1629, was repaired -and beautified within. This edifice -was preserved by its situation, from the -dreadful conflagration in 1666; but the -decays of age rendered it necessary to take -<span class='pageno' id='Page_12'>12</span>it down in 1734, when the present church -was begun, and finished in 1736.</p> - -<p class='c010'>To this church there is an ascent by a -flight of steps, defended by plain iron rails. -The door case, which is Ionic, has a circular -pediment, ornamented with the -heads of Cherubims in clouds; and on -each side of this pediment, which reaches -to the height of the roof, the front is -adorned with a ballustrade and vases. -From this part the tower rises plain, -strengthened with rustic quoins, as is the -body of the building, and on the corners -of the tower are again placed vases. From -this part the diminution is too great; and -from hence are raised a series of Ionic columns -supporting the base of the spire, -which has ribs on the angles, and openings -in all the faces. The top is crowned -with a ball from which rises the -vane.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This church is a rectory in the gift of -the Crown; the profits of which to the -Incumbent amount to about 220<i>l.</i> a year. -<i>English Architect.</i> <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>George’s Hospital</span>, near Hyde Park -Corner. This undertaking was set on -foot soon after Michaelmas 1733, by some -gentlemen who were before concerned in -a charity of the like kind in the lower -<span class='pageno' id='Page_13'>13</span>part of Westminster. This house they -judged convenient for their purpose, on -account of its air, situation, and nearness -to town; they therefore procured a lease -of it, and opened a subscription for carrying -on the charity here, which increased -so fast, that on the 19th of October they -were formed into a regular society, and -actually began to receive patients on the -first of January following.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Here are admitted the poor, sick, and -lame, who are supplied with advice, medicine, -diet, washing, lodging, and some -of the miserable with cloaths also. The -Physicians visit their patients on Mondays -and Fridays, and on all intermediate days -whenever occasion requires; but the Surgeon -attends every day; and on every -Friday morning there is a general consultation -of all the Physicians and Surgeons. -No security for the burial of the patients -is required, nor any money, gift, or reward -taken of them or their friends, on -any account whatsoever. Those who die, -if their friends are unable to bury them, -are interred at the charge of the society. -And the money collected in the poor box -at the door, is kept as a separate fund for -furnishing those with some little sum of -money, whose distance from their habitations, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_14'>14</span>or other particular necessities, require it.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The apothecaries, who are Governors, -are appointed to attend by rotation as visitors, -to see that the apothecary of the -house takes due care of the medicines and -patients. Two visitors are chosen weekly -out of the subscribers, to attend daily, and -take care, by examining the provision -and patients, that the orders of the society -are punctually observed, that the patients -are treated in every respect with -order and tenderness, and to make a report -in writing of their observations.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Prayers are read daily to the patients; -a sermon is preached every Sunday, the -communion is administered every month, -and the chaplain attends at other times to -catechize and perform other religious offices, -as often as their cases require; and -when the patients are discharged, religious -tracts are given to each of them, -for their farther edification.</p> - -<p class='c010'>A board of Governors meet every Wednesday -morning, to do the current business -of the hospital, to receive and examine -the reports of the visitors, to discharge -and admit patients, to receive the -complaints and proposals of all persons, -and to prepare such matters as are proper -<span class='pageno' id='Page_15'>15</span>for the consideration of general boards. -A general board of the Governors meet -regularly five times a year.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Governors are in number upwards -of three hundred. No person receiving -salary, fee, or reward from the hospital, -is capable of being a Governor; but every -other gentleman subscribing 5<i>l.</i> a year, or -upwards, or giving one benefaction of -50<i>l.</i> although he be not an annual subscriber, -is thereupon put in nomination -to be a Governor, and at the first general -court, which is held one month afterwards, -is accordingly ballotted for by -the Governors. The subscriptions are received -by the Treasurers, at the weekly -board, held every Wednesday morning in -the hospital.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The other rules and regulations of this -excellent hospital, are as follow:</p> - -<p class='c010'>I. No person is to be admitted a patient, -except in cases of accidents, without -a note from a Governor or contributor, -specifying the name and place of abode of -such patient, and that he or she is a proper -object of this charity.</p> - -<p class='c010'>II. All recommendations are to be delivered -every Wednesday morning, by -nine of the clock.</p> - -<p class='c010'>III. In case any out-patients neglect -coming two weeks successively on the day -<span class='pageno' id='Page_16'>16</span>and hour they are ordered to attend, such -out-patients shall be discharged for irregularity, -except they have had leave from -their Physician.</p> - -<p class='c010'>IV. No person discharged for irregularity -is to be ever again admitted into the -hospital, upon any recommendation whatsoever.</p> - -<p class='c010'>V. No patient is to be suffered to go -out of the hospital without leave in writing; -and to avoid giving offence, no leave -is to be given to any patient to go into St. -James’s Park, or the Green Park, called -Constitution hill, upon any pretence whatsoever.</p> - -<p class='c010'>VI. No Governor, officer, or servant, -must at any time presume, on pain of expulsion, -to take of any tradesman, patient, -or other person, any fee, reward, or gratification -of any kind, directly, or indirectly, -for any service done, or to be done, -on account of this hospital.</p> - -<p class='c010'>VII. No person subscribing less than -two guineas a year, can recommend more -than two in-patients in the year.</p> - -<p class='c010'>VIII. When there is not room for all -the patients recommended at one time to -be received into the hospital, those are -taken in whose admission the board are of -opinion, will most effectually answer the -end of the charity; and the rest, if proper -<span class='pageno' id='Page_17'>17</span>objects, are admitted out-patients, till -there is room for them in the hospital. -Most consumptive and asthmatic cases are -more capable of relief as out-patients, -than as in-patients.</p> - -<p class='c010'>By this noble foundation, there have -been discharged from the hospital, since -its first receiving of patients on the first of -January 1733, to the 27th of December -1752, 60,188. Those in the house on -the 27th of December 1752, amounted -to 273. The out-patients in the books -at the same time were 645, which in all -made 61,106. <i>From the account published -by the General Board.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>This hospital enjoys a fine situation, and -has all the benefit of a clear and pure air: -it has the advantage of being a very neat, -though not an expensive building; and -though it is extremely plain, it is not void -of ornament. It has two small wings, -and a large front, with only one door, -which is in the middle, and to which -there is an ascent by a few steps. On -the top of this part of the building is a -pediment raised above the rest of the edifice, -and under this ornament is a stone -with an inscription, expressing the noble -use to which this structure is applied.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>George’s</span> <i>court</i>, Newington causeway.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_18'>18</span><span class='sc'>George</span> <i>stairs</i>, 1. Deptford.* 2. Shad -Thames.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>George</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Cambridge Heath.* 2. -Foster lane, Cheapside.* 3. Hanover -square. 4. Little Chapel street. 5. In -the Mint.* 6. Near Tothill side. 7. -Pall Mall. 8. Ratcliff highway. 9. Tyburn -road. 10. White row, Spitalfields.* -11. Windsor street. 12. York buildings. -See <span class='sc'>Great George</span> <i>street</i>.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Some of the new streets of this name, -were thus denominated in honour of King -George I. and II.</p> - -<p class='c010'>A list of the pictures belonging to General -Guise, at his house in George street, -Hanover square.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On the left hand of the staircase.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A piece of architecture, rather large, adorned -with many small figures very -graceful. The architecture, by Viviani. -The figures, in his best manner, by -Sebastiano Ricci.</p> -<p class='c009'>Two heads in one picture, a little smaller -than life. They exhibit two caricaturas, -by Spagnoletto.</p> -<p class='c009'>A portrait of some Spanish nobleman, -half length, after the life, nobly painted -and well preserved, by Moriglio.</p> -<p class='c009'>A head with part of the shoulders, and it -seems to be the portrait of some great -man. In his first manner, by Titiano.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_19'>19</span>A picture, with many figures two feet -high, representing Solomon’s judgment. -The invention, disposition, and colouring -are equally wonderful, by Pasqualini -Romano, disciple of Andrea -Sacchi.</p> -<p class='c009'>A representation of our Saviour on his -doleful way to Calvary. The figures -almost as big as the life, by Andrea -Mantegna.</p> - -<p class='c010'><i>Mantegna was Correggio’s master, and -this picture was in the collection of -King Charles the First.</i></p> -<p class='c009'>The rape of the Sabines. A picture of -great merit both for invention and colouring, -the author unknown.</p> -<p class='c009'>A figure as big as the life, of particular -beauty, exhibiting St. Jerome fervently -praying, by Domenichino.</p> -<p class='c009'>A head with part of the shoulders, as big -as the life. It is the portrait, painted -by himself, of Francesco Mola.</p> -<p class='c009'>A small sketch representing a sacrifice, -with the temple of Diana. The figures -are many and wonderfully well disposed, -by Pietro da Cortona.</p> -<p class='c012'><i>It goes about in print.</i></p> -<p class='c009'>A small sketch in light and shadow, with -many figures representing a Saint, ready -to suffer martyrdom, drawn with great -liveliness and taste, by Ant. Vandyke.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_20'>20</span>A small octagonal picture on a black stone, -representing our Saviour carried to the -sepulchre, by Annibal Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>A picture containing several figures about -three feet high, exhibiting St. Laurence’s -martyrdom, by Tintoretto.</p> -<p class='c009'>A landscape with figures one foot high, -representing the martyrdom of St. Peter -Martir. The figures, by Agostino Caracci. -The landscape, by Gobbo de -Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>A sketch representing a victorious Prince -carried in triumph. The figures are -many, a foot and a half high, and -many of them allegorical, by Giordano -d’Anversa.</p> -<p class='c009'>A large piece of architecture with figures. -In his first manner, by Nicol. Poussin.</p> -<p class='c009'>A picture, containing some half lengths a -little bigger than the life, exhibiting -Faith that gives her sword to a General, -by Pietro della Vecchia.</p> -<p class='c009'>The portrait of a General, half length, a -little bigger than the life. It is believ’d -to be a copy from Titian, by Luca -Giordano.</p> -<p class='c009'>A figure very artfully foreshorten’d, representing -our Saviour dead, as big as -the life, by Lodovico Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>A picture exhibiting a battle, full of figures -about one foot high; and one -<span class='pageno' id='Page_21'>21</span>of the noblest performances of Bourgognone.</p> -<p class='c009'>Apollo and Marsyas. The figures about -three feet high, by Sebastiano Ricci.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>In the first and second rooms of the</div> - <div>ground floor.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A large picture containing some half -lengths as big as the life, and representing -the taking our Saviour in the -garden, by Giacomo da Bassano.</p> -<p class='c009'>A piece containing many half length -figures as big as the life, representing -the prodigal son received by his father. -A famous performance of Guercino da -Cento.</p> -<p class='c009'>Sophonisba dying with grief in the arms -of her damsel on receiving doleful news. -The figures are half lengths as big as -the life. A celebrated piece, by Domenichino.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Saviour known by the two disciples -in the breaking of the bread. The figures -bigger than the life, by Lodovico -Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>The flight into Egypt. The figures as -big as the life. A noble work, by -Guido Reni.</p> -<p class='c009'>The heads of St. Andrew and St. Paul, -bigger than the life. A valuable performance, -by Andrea Sacchi.</p> -<p class='c009'>St. Elizabeth with St. John when a babe, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_22'>22</span>musing on a cross made of reeds. The -figures smaller than the life. A renowned -piece, by Leonardo da Vinci.</p> -<p class='c009'>Judith holding Holofernes’s head. A -half length, very beautiful, by Francesco -Salviati.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Saviour’s nativity. The figures a -little more than one foot high, finished -with extreme diligence. A rare -work, by Baldassare Peruzzi.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Lady contemplating her babe. The -figures about two feet and a half, wonderfully -well done after Correggio’s -manner, by Francesco Mazzuoli, commonly -called Parmigianino.</p> -<p class='c009'>A half length, as big as the life, representing -a naked woman, by Titiano.</p> -<p class='c013'><i>It is thought that this is the portrait of -the woman that was Titian’s model, -when he drew the famous Venus now -existing in the room called</i> La Tribuna, -<i>in the Medicean gallery at Florence</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Saviour taken down from the cross. -The figures a little more than one foot -high, by Daniele da Volterra.</p> -<p class='c013'><i>This appears to be the sketch from which -Daniel made the large famous picture, -that is now in one of the chapels of -the church called</i> La Trinità de Monit, -<i>at Rome</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'>An oval picture representing Medusa’s -<span class='pageno' id='Page_23'>23</span>head, bigger than the life, painted with -astonishing expression, by Rubens.</p> -<p class='c009'>A holy family. The figures one foot high, -compleatly finished, by Annib. Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Saviour crowned with thorns. The -figures a foot and a half high. One of -the best works in his first manner, by -Correggio.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Lady with the two babes Jesus and -John laying hold of a lamb, and two -angels devoutly looking on them, by -Fran. Mazzuoli, called Parmigianino.</p> -<p class='c014'><i>It was formerly in Charles the First’s -collection.</i></p> -<p class='c009'>Socrates and Alcibiades. Half lengths of -about a foot and a half, by Giorgione -da Castelfranco, who was Titiano’s -master.</p> -<p class='c009'>A small picture representing our Lady’s -assumption, and the apostles, by Francesco -Naldini.</p> - -<p class='c014'><i>This was the sketch of a celebrated picture -now in Florence.</i></p> -<p class='c009'>Our Saviour’s circumcision. An original -sketch, by Polidoro da Caravaggio.</p> -<p class='c009'>A picture in light and shadow, representing -Diana and her nymphs in the bath, -changing Acteon into a stag. An original -beautiful sketch. The figures -one foot high, by Nicolo dell’ Abate.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_24'>24</span>A small sketch for a ceiling in light and -shadow, by Correggio.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Saviour’s supper, a small and most -beautiful performance, by Innocenzo -da Imola.</p> -<p class='c014'><i>Innocenzo was one of Raphael’s best disciples.</i></p> -<p class='c009'>A Venetian history, by Paolo Veronese.</p> -<p class='c014'><i>This is an original sketch of one of the -large pictures painted by Paolo in the</i> -Sala del Consiglio, <i>at Venice</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'>A boy’s head, as big as the life, by Annibal -Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>Diana’s head, as big as the life, by Camillo -Procaccini.</p> -<p class='c009'>St. Catharine, a foot and a half high. -A celebrated and well preserved performance, -by Benvenuto da Garofolo.</p> -<p class='c009'>A landscape exhibiting the hunting of the -hare, a beautiful work, by Gobbo de -Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>Adam and Eve driven out of paradise by -the angel. The figures one foot high. -A famous and well preserved work, by -the Cavaliere Giuseppe d’ Arpino.</p> -<p class='c009'>The head of a woman smiling, smaller -than the life, by Leonardo da Vinci.</p> -<p class='c009'>A child’s head, smaller than the life, by -Fra. Bartolomeo di San Marco.</p> -<p class='c009'>The pale of an altar with figures bigger -than the life, representing St. Lucy,</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_25'>25</span>St. John the Evangelist, St. Humphrey, -and St. Francis. A famous performance, -by Correggio: except St. Humphrey’s -figure, which having been left -unfinish’d by Correggio, was afterwards -finished by Spagnoletto.</p> -<p class='c009'>The family of the Caracci’s, represented -in a butcher’s shop, and those celebrated -painters in butchers dresses. <i>Annibal</i> -is weighing some meat to a Swiss of -the Cardinal of Bologna’s guard. <i>Agostino</i> -is shaking a nail and trying if it -holds fast, that he may hang on it a -leg of mutton which he holds in his -left hand. The <i>Gobbo</i> is lifting up -half a calf to hang it on a beam, and -<i>Lodovico</i> stoops down killing a sheep. -The mother of them is represented as -a servant-maid that comes to buy some -meat. The likenesses are traditionally -said to be wonderful; and the whole -of this no less odd than beautiful picture -was the most celebrated performance -of Annibal Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>Three half figures as big as the life, representing -three ladies diverting themselves -with music, and a gentleman -listening to them. In all probability -they were portraits, by Titiano.</p> -<p class='c009'>A sketch of one of the most capital pictures -in Venice, and preserved there in -<span class='pageno' id='Page_26'>26</span>a church. It represents our blessed -Lady with St. Peter and St. Francis, -and a Venetian General of the Capello’s -family come back victorious from -a battle against the Turks, who offers -the standard and the trophies of his -victory to the altar of our Lady. The -whole Capello family is exhibited in -this picture. A celebrated work, by -Titiano.</p> -<p class='c009'>A landscape with figures. It represents -part of the country near Bologna, by -Domenichino.</p> -<p class='c009'>A woman representing Simplicity, with a -dove in her hand. A half length as -big as the life, by Francesco Furino.</p> -<p class='c009'>The good Samaritan. The figures are -two feet high. A valuable picture, -by Sisto Badalocchi.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Lady with her babe, about two feet -high, painted much after Correggio’s -manner, by Sebastian Ricci.</p> -<p class='c009'>The head of a youth, a little smaller than -the life, by Raphael.</p> -<p class='c009'>Two small pictures, exhibiting two different -martyrdoms of two saints, by -Giacomo del Po.</p> -<p class='c009'>A small sketch, by Ciro Ferri, a disciple -of Pietro da Cortona.</p> -<p class='c009'>A picture exhibiting our Saviour’s nativity. -The devotion and maternal affection -<span class='pageno' id='Page_27'>27</span>of our blessed Lady looking on her -babe, is prodigiously well expressed. -St. Joseph stands admiring the compunction -of two shepherds contrasted -by another that takes care of the ass. -Of two other shepherds, placed at some -distance, one holds a light in his hand -and shows the other the manger, expressing -a pious wonder. Further off -there is a most beautiful angel in the -clouds proclaiming the birth of our -Saviour to the other shepherds. No -picture ever surpassed this most elaborate -performance of Titiano.</p> -<p class='c014'><i>It was one of King Charles the First’s -collection; and there are two prints -of it, an ancient one in wood, the -other in copper-plate.</i></p> -<p class='c009'>Another nativity, painted likewise with -his usual delicacy and noble expression, -by the same Titiano.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Lady with her babe in her arms, near -as big as the life, standing on the clouds, -supported and attended by cherubs -and angels. Under it there is a sight -of the town of Bologna, and adjacent -villages, all painted in his best manner, -by Annibal Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>Susan tempted by the two old men, boldly -and vigorously painted as big as the -life, by Agostino Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_28'>28</span>The slaughter of the innocents, containing -nineteen figures as big as the life. -A master-piece both for composition -and colouring, by Valerio Castelli.</p> -<p class='c009'>Two children bigger than the life, representing -holy Love the conqueror of profane -Love; one of the best performances -in his first manner, by Guido Reni.</p> -<p class='c009'>A lively figure of an Italian buffoon, -drinking merrily, an half figure, as big -as the life, by Annibal Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>The portrait of some Nobleman, a little -more than a half length, by Francesco -Torbido, commonly called, il Moro -Veronese.</p> -<p class='c014'><i>This painter was much admired by Titian -himself.</i></p> -<p class='c009'>A nativity of our Saviour. The figures -about one foot high. The effect of -the light that shines out of the babe, -and irradiates the whole picture, is -astonishing. This is a celebrated piece, -by Cavalier Cavedone.</p> -<p class='c009'>A head as big as the life, representing -our Saviour, painted in a bold manner, -by Agostino Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>Apollo in the attitude of slaying Marsyas. -The figures about two feet high, by -Andrea Sacchi.</p> -<p class='c009'>Two small pictures, the one representing -a mountebank drawing a tooth to a -<span class='pageno' id='Page_29'>29</span>clown, surrounded by many spectators; -the other exhibiting many people playing -at balls upon the ground. Tho’ -both these pictures are copious in -figures, yet there is none of them but -has some posture or meaning most lively -and naturally expressed, by Michelangelo -delle Battaglie.</p> -<p class='c009'>A small picture, containing our Lady and -her babe, St. Joseph, and St. Catharine, -half figures, finely painted, by -Bartolomeo Schidone.</p> -<p class='c009'>A small picture, representing an angel that -contemplates with a most afflicted look -one of the nails with which our Saviour -was crucified, holding it up in -his hand, by Correggio.</p> -<p class='c009'>A most beautiful sketch, representing our Saviour -laid in the sepulchre, with the Virgin -who has swooned and is supported by -the three Marys, by Giacomo da Bassano.</p> -<p class='c009'>Four small pictures, containing some -figures two feet high, most masterly -painted, by Francesco Mazzuoli, called -il Parmigianino.</p> -<p class='c009'>A small picture with many figures, representing -our Saviour shewn to the -people by Pilate. A noble performance, -by Federigo Barocci.</p> -<p class='c009'>A small picture, representing our Saviour -appearing to Mary Magdalen in the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_30'>30</span>gardener’s form, by Raphael’s master -Pietro Perugino.</p> -<p class='c009'>The infant Jesus and St. John embracing. -An excellent performance and -well preserved, by Raphael. Three -heads in water colours, bigger than the -life, by Raphael.</p> -<p class='c009'>A head of Joseph of Arimathea, as big as -the life, by Federigo Barocci.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Pictures in the rooms of the first floor.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A half length, a little smaller than the -life, representing St. Catharine. A rare -ancient picture, by Vettori Carpacio.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Lady with her babe and St. John. -The proportion of the figures two feet -high. An incomparable performance -of Andrea del Sarto.</p> -<p class='c009'>A small picture representing a father with -his two children praying, by Giovanni -Holbens.</p> -<p class='c009'>A Nativity of our Saviour, containing eighteen -figures two feet high. The posture -of our Lady that offers her breast -to her babe, and that of the babe itself, -are most graceful; St. Joseph with -them completes one of the best groups -that the art of painting ever produced; -and equally graceful is another group -of three angels playing upon musical -instruments. Two other angels descend -from heaven in an attitude of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_31'>31</span>adoration. Many more beautiful attitudes -of devotion are those of the -shepherds, that fill up the left side of -this astonishing performance of the immortal -Raphael.</p> - -<p class='c010'><i>There are two fine prints of this picture.</i></p> -<p class='c009'>Our Lady with her babe, St. Catharine -and St. Francis. The proportion of -the figures two feet. An excellent -and well preserved performance of -Paolo Veronese.</p> -<p class='c009'>The view of a noble temple, our Saviour -coming out of it, meets with Magdalen, -who is by him converted in the -presence of some other women. An -excellent and well preserved performance, -done in his first manner, by -Andrea del Sarto.</p> -<p class='c009'>Two half lengths as big as the life of two -women, one the mistress, the other her -maid. The mistress was probably a -portrait. She holds the looking glass -with one hand, and with the other adjusts -her head, listening to the maid -that speaks to her. This is one of the -best works of Domenichino.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Lady with her babe, the Magdalen, -St. John, and St. Jerome. The figures -are about three feet high, painted with -the greatest gracefulness, by Francesco -Mauzzoli, called il Parmigianino.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_32'>32</span>A Cupid drawn by two doves in a golden -carr, and two other Cupids playing -about him encircled by a flower garland. -A picture extremely well preserved, -as well as masterly done by -Domenichino.</p> -<p class='c009'>A copy of the famous nativity known -under the name of <i>Correggio’s night</i>; -the figures two feet high, by Carlo -Cignani.</p> -<p class='c009'>Diana in the bath converting Acteon into -a stag, with her nymphs about her. -An elegant composition nobly coloured, -the figures a foot and a half, by Tintoretto.</p> -<p class='c009'>The communion of the Apostles, the -figures a little above two feet. There -is a kindled lamp in this picture, which -has a striking effect, and the whole is -painted with great vigour, by Tintoretto.</p> -<p class='c009'>St. John preaching in the desart, beautified -with many well-disposed figures, -by Gobbo de Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>The fable of Erictonius delivered to the -nymphs to be educated. Their fear -and wonder in spying the boy’s serpentine -feet, and their different attitudes, -are most beautifully expressed. Each -figure is about half the bigness of nature, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_33'>33</span>and painted with great spirit, by -Salvator Rosa.</p> -<p class='c009'>A landscape, exhibiting Moses delivering -from the snares of the shepherds, -the daughters of Reuel the Priest of -Midian, that came, to give drink to -their cattle, by Domenichino.</p> -<p class='c009'>Another small landscape, exhibiting some -fishermen, and women washing linen, -by the same Domenichino.</p> -<p class='c009'>A youth little less than the life, that -plays upon the guitar, with a boy -behind that listens with pleasure to -him. By the celebrated Spanish disciple -of Titian, Fernandos.</p> -<p class='c009'>A half length, representing our Lord -tempted in the desart, by Titiano.</p> -<p class='c009'>Two most beautiful Cherubs heads as -big as the life, by Domenichino.</p> -<p class='c009'>A St. John’s head with a lamb, as big as -the life, in his best manner, by Guercino -da Cento.</p> -<p class='c009'>Marsyas and Apollo, with Mydas that sits -as their judge. The figures about a -foot high. A fine performance both -for invention and colouring, by Andrea -Schiavone.</p> -<p class='c009'>A copy of the famous <i>Correggio’s Cupid</i> -as big as the life, by Annibal Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>An Ecce Homo, as big as the life, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_34'>34</span>painted with great force of expression -by Lodovico Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Lord laid in the sepulchre, the -figures a little more than a foot, another -noble work of Lodovico Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>St. Francis in a vision supported by Angels. -The proportion of the figures -about two feet high, admirably well -painted, by Annibal Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>A little landscape, adorned with some -pretty little figures, and it looks as if -painted after nature, by Gobbo de’ -Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>A Venus and Cupid as big as the life. An -astonishing performance, by Titiano.</p> -<p class='c009'>A copy of one of the celebrated pictures -of Raphael in the Roman Vatican. This -represents an achievement of the Emperor -Constantine. This copy appears to be -the work of some great painter of the -Florentine school, being done in the -most masterly manner.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Second floor.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A choir of Angels playing on several musical -instruments, their proportion about -a foot and a half. God the Father -supported by three Cherubs, by Guido -Reni.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>This is thought to be the original sketch -of a picture done in fresco by Guido, -in St. Gregory’s church at Rome.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_35'>35</span>The martyrdom of St. Erasmus, the -figures about two feet high. This is -the original sketch of the famous picture -preserved in St. Peter’s at Rome, -by Nicolo Poussin.</p> -<p class='c009'>Two pictures adorned with many beautiful -figures, whose proportion is about -two feet. One represents the age of -iron, the other the age of copper; and -they are the original models of the two -pictures in fresco, that are in the palace -of Pitti at Florence, by Pietro da -Cortona.</p> -<p class='c009'>The original sketch of one of the ceilings -painted in the Barberini’s palace at -Rome, by Pietro da Cortona.</p> -<p class='c014'><i>It represents many allegorical figures.</i></p> -<p class='c009'>A half length portrait as big as nature. -The figure has a letter in one hand, by -Lodovico Caracci.</p> -<p class='c009'>The portrait of Maria Robusti; a half -length as big as nature, by Paris Bourdon.</p> -<p class='c009'>The picture of a woman as big as life, -half length, by Giorgione da Castelfranco.</p> -<p class='c009'>A head with part of the shoulders, representing -a Greek merchant, as big -as the life, by Michael Angelo da Caravaggio.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Lady with her babe, and St. John; -<span class='pageno' id='Page_36'>36</span>the figures near as big as the life. An -excellent performance, by Titiano.</p> -<p class='c009'>A half length with the hands, representing -Diogenes the Cynic; masterly done -by Spagnoletto.</p> -<p class='c009'>A half length portrait of himself, by Tintoretto.</p> -<p class='c009'>A portrait down to the knee, of the celebrated -Naugerius, as big as the life, by -Tintoretto.</p> -<p class='c009'>The nativity of our Saviour, enriched with -many beautiful figures about one foot -high, by Francesco Zuccarelli.</p> -<p class='c009'>A carton in water colours representing -the holy family. The figures near as -big as the life, by Andrea del Sarto.</p> -<p class='c009'>An Emperor on horseback, the horse -white, the proportion about two feet; -a bold and noble work of Giulio Romano.</p> -<p class='c014'><i>It was once in King Charles the First’s -collection.</i></p> -<p class='c009'>A finished sketch of King Charles the -First’s white horse, its proportion about -two feet, by Vandyke.</p> -<p class='c009'>The slaughter of the Innocents, and Herod -on a throne commanding it, by -Bourgognone.</p> -<p class='c009'>Ariadne abandoned by Theseus, a naked -figure as big as the life, by Francesco -Furino.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_37'>37</span><span class='sc'>George</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Beer lane, Tower street.* -2. Bow lane.* 3. Bishopsgate street.* -4. Cable street.* 5. Dean street, Soho.* -6. Dorset garden, Fleet street.* -7. Duke street, Grosvenor square.* 8. -Fore street, Lambeth.* 9. Golden lane.* -10. High Holborn.* 11. Hog lane, St. -Giles’s pound.* 12. Islington.* 13. Kent -street, Southwark.* 14. Little Britain.* -15. Little Tower hill.* 16. Gracechurch -street, Lombard street.* 17. Long Acre.* -18. Old street.* 19. Plough yard, Broadway.* -20. Redcross street, Southwark.* -21. Saffron hill.* 22. Seacoal lane, Snow -hill.* 23. Thames str.* 24. Tower hill.* -25. Turnmill street.* 26. Whitechapel.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Georgia Office</span>, lately under the government -of the Trustees for settling the colony -of Georgia, is now united to the Office -of Trade and Plantations, and kept in -the Treasury.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gerrard’s Hall</span>, on the south side of Basing -lane, a large and very old house built -upon stone arches, supported by sixteen -pillars, called Gerard’s Hall from a giant -of that name, which it is ridiculously supposed -lived there. In the high roofed hall -stood for some time a large fir pole, which -it is pretended Gerard the giant used to -run with in the wars, and a ladder of the -same length, said to be made in order to -<span class='pageno' id='Page_38'>38</span>ascend to the top of the staff. Stow justly -supposes that these circumstances are fabulous, -and observes that John Gisors, -Mayor of London, was the owner of this -edifice in the year 1245, and that it was -a long time possessed by others of the same -name and family; whence he with great -probability concludes, that Gisor’s Hall was -by corruption called Gerard’s Hall. <i>Maitl.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>German’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Stepney rents, Shoreditch.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gerrard’s</span> <i>court</i>, Little Bell alley.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gerrard</span> <i>street</i>, Prince’s street, Soho.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gerrard’s Cross</span>, a village in Buckinghamshire, -situated about 28 miles from London, -between Uxbridge and Beconsfield. Here -is a charity school built and endowed by -the late Duke of Portland, for 20 boys -and 15 girls, who are taught and cloathed, -and two of the children put out apprentices -every year. Near this place is -also a fine seat of the Duke of Portland.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gibralter</span>, Shoreditch.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gibson’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i> and <i>School</i>, at Ratcliff, -were founded by Nicholas Gibson, Esq; -in the year 1537, for fourteen poor widows, -seven of whom to be of Stepney -parish, and the other seven of the -Coopers company. The pensioners to -have 1<i>l.</i> 6<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i> a year each; the school-master -a salary of 10<i>l.</i> and an usher -6<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i> a year. But the estate with -<span class='pageno' id='Page_39'>39</span>which this foundation is endowed being -vastly improved, the Coopers company, -who are his trustees, have lately increased -the pensions to 5<i>l.</i> and 30 bushels of coals -<i>per annum</i>, with a bounty of 10<i>s.</i> to each -at Christmas; and the schoolmaster’s salary -is also advanced to 23<i>l.</i> 6<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i> and -the usher’s to 9<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i> <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gibson’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Marybon street.† 2. Narrow -wall.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Giddy Hall</span>, at the farther end of Rumford -in Essex, a very fine mansion house -erected by the late Sir John Eyles, Lord -Mayor of London.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gilbert’s</span> <i>court</i>, Monkwell street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gilbert’s</span> <i>passage</i>, Clare market.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gilbert’s</span> <i>street</i>, Bloomsbury.†</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Giles’s</span> <i>Cripplegate</i>, at the east end of -Redcross street, without the walls of London, -is so denominated from its dedication -to St. Giles, a Grecian and citizen of -Athens, in the year 700, and from the -neighbouring gate. A church was built in -this place in the year 1030, which was destroyed -by the fire of London in the year -1545; but the edifice erected in its room -escaping the dreadful conflagration in -1666, is still standing, and is likely to -continue so a long time.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This Gothic structure is 114 feet in -length, 63 in breadth, 32 in height, and -<span class='pageno' id='Page_40'>40</span>the tower with its turret 122 feet high. -This tower is not gross in proportion to -its height; and the turret on the top is -light and open.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This church is a vicarage, the patronage -of which is in the Dean and Chapter -of St. Paul’s, and it is constituted a -prebend of that cathedral by the name of -Mora. The Vicar receives about 360<i>l.</i> -a year by tithes.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In this church are many tombs, and -here lies the body of the incomparable -John Milton, the author of <i>Paradise Lost</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Giles’s</span> <i>in the Fields</i>, on the south side -of St. Giles’s street, is so named to distinguish -it from St. Giles’s Cripplegate. The -place in which it stands was formerly -a village of the same name as the church, -which was standing so early as the year -1222, tho’ it was not made parochial till -1547. The little edifice for divine worship -being taken down in the year 1623, -a church of brick was erected in its room; -but the ground in its neighbourhood being -gradually raised to the height of eight -feet higher than the floor, it became very -damp and unwholesome. Upon this -the inhabitants, by consent of parliament, -had it rebuilt, the sum of 8000<i>l.</i> being -granted for that purpose. The present -structure is built in a very substantial -<span class='pageno' id='Page_41'>41</span>manner, as indeed all churches should -for the sake of duration. The old fabric -was taken down in 1730, and -the new one erected in two years and a -half.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The church and steeple are built with -Portland stone. The area of the church -within the walls is sixty feet wide, and -seventy-five feet in length, exclusive of the -recess for the altar. The roof is supported -with Ionic pillars of Portland -stone, on stone piers, and is vaulted underneath. -The outside of the church -has a rustic basement, and the windows -of the galleries have semicircular heads, -over which is a modillion cornice. The -steeple is 165 feet high, and consists -of a rustic pedestal, supporting a Doric -order of pilasters, and over the clock -is an octangular tower with three quarter -Ionic columns supporting a balustrade -with vases, on which stands the -spire, which is also octangular and belted.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In 1758 the organ was repaired; -and in 1759, two magnificent chandeliers -were hung up, each containing -thirty-six lights.</p> -<p class='c015'>“The new church of St. Giles’s, says -the author of <i>The Review of the Public -Buildings</i>, is one of the most simple and -elegant of the modern structures: it is -<span class='pageno' id='Page_42'>42</span>raised at a very little expence, has very -few ornaments, and little beside the -propriety of its parts, and the harmony -of the whole, to excite attention, and -challenge applause: yet still it pleases, -and justly too; the east end is both -plain and majestic, and there is nothing -in the west to object to, but the smallness -of the doors, and the poverty of -appearance that must necessarily follow. -The steeple is light, airy, and genteel, -argues a good deal of genius in the -architect, and looks very well both in -comparison with the body of the church, -and when ’tis considered as a building -by itself, in a distant prospect. Yet after -all I have confessed in favour of this -edifice, I can’t help arraigning the superstition -of situating churches due east -and west; for in complaisance to this -custom, the building before us has lost a -great advantage it might have otherwise -enjoyed; I mean, the making the -east end the front, and placing it in -such a manner as to have ended the -vista of what is called Broad St. Giles’s; -whereas now it is no where to be seen -with ease to the eye, or so as justly to -comprehend the symmetry and connection -of the whole.”</p> -<p class='c016'>There is a marble monument on the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_43'>43</span>outside of the north isle to the memory -of Hugh Merchant, Gent. who died on -the 17th of January, 1714, with this inscription:</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c017'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>When, by inclemency of air,</div> - <div class='line'>These golden letters disappear,</div> - <div class='line'>And Time’s old cankered teeth have shown</div> - <div class='line'>Their malice on this marble stone,</div> - <div class='line'>Virtue and Art shall write his name</div> - <div class='line'>In annals, and consign his fame</div> - <div class='line'>To monuments more lasting far,</div> - <div class='line'>Than marble stones, or golden letters are.</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>The expence of erecting this church -amounted to 10,026<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i> 9<i>d.</i> It is -a rectory in the gift of the Crown.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gilham’s</span> <i>court</i>, Rotherhith Wall.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gilham’s</span> <i>rents</i>, the Folly, Dock head.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Giltspur</span> <i>street</i>, without Newgate.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gingerbread</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Holiwell lane. -2. Old Change, Cheapside.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gingerbread</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Lamb alley, -Bishopsgate street. 2. Old Change.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Girdlers</span>, a company incorporated by -letters patent granted by Henry VI. in -the year 1449, and confirmed by Queen -Elizabeth in 1568, when the Pinners and -Wiredrawers were incorporated with -them.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This fraternity consists of a Master, -three Wardens, twenty-four Assistants, and -seventy-seven Liverymen, who upon their -<span class='pageno' id='Page_44'>44</span>admission pay a fine of 10<i>l.</i> They have -a convenient hall in Basinghall street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glassenbury</span> <i>court</i>, Rose street, Covent -Garden.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glasshouse</span> <i>alley</i>, White Friars.☐</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glasshouse</span> <i>fields</i>, Cock hill, Ratcliff.☐</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glasshouse</span> <i>hill</i>, Well street.☐</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glasshouse Liberty</span>, a part of the parish -of St. Botolph Aldersgate street, -situated in Goswell and Pickax streets, -thus named from a glasshouse which -anciently stood there. There was formerly -but one government in the parish; -but the poor of this liberty increasing -considerably, the city liberty ungenerously -separated from them, and obliged those in -this district to maintain their own poor.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glasshouse</span> <i>street</i>, Swallow street.☐</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glasshouse</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Black Friars.† 2. -Goodman’s fields.☐ 3. Old Barge stairs.☐ -4. Old Bethlem.☐ 5. Pickax street.☐ -6. Red Maid lane.☐ 7. Upper Ground.☐ -8. Well street.☐ 9. White Friars.☐ 10. -White’s yard.☐ 11. Willow street.☐</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glass Sellers</span>, a company that were -incorporated with the Looking-glass makers -by letters patent granted by King -Charles II. in the year 1664, by the -title of <i>The Master, Wardens, Assistants -and Commonalty of Glass sellers of the -city of London</i>.</p> - -<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_45'>45</span>This fraternity is governed by a Master, -two Wardens, twenty-four Assistants, -and forty-four Liverymen, who on their -admission pay a fine of 5<i>l.</i> But they -have no hall. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glass</span> <i>yard</i>, Cut-throat lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glaziers</span>, a company incorporated with -that of the glass painters, by a charter -granted by Charles I. in the year 1637.</p> - -<p class='c010'>They consist of a Master, two Wardens, -twenty-one Assistants, and ninety-one Liverymen, -whose fine is 3<i>l.</i> Their hall -being consumed in the fire of London, -has never yet been rebuilt. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glazier’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Fore street, Limehouse.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glean</span> <i>alley</i>, Tooley street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Globe</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Deadman’s Place.* 2. Fish -street hill.* 3. Narrow street, Limehouse.* -4. Quaker street.* 5. In the -Strand.* 6. Wapping.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Globe</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Seven Stars alley.* 2. -Sheer lane.* 3. Shoe lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Globe</span> <i>island</i>, Rotherhith.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Globe</span> <i>lane</i>, Mile-end road.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Globe</span> <i>stairs</i>, Rotherhith.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Globe</span> <i>stairs alley</i>, 1. Jamaica street.* 2. -Rotherhith.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Globe</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. New Fish street hill.* -2. Old Bethlem.* 3. Schoolhouse lane, -Ratcliff.* 4. Wapping.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gloucester</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Beer lane. 2. Black -<span class='pageno' id='Page_46'>46</span>Friars. 3. St. James’s street. 4. Whitecross -street, Cripplegate.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gloucester</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Liquorpond street. -2. Queen’s square, Bloomsbury.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glovers</span>, a company incorporated by -letters patent granted by King Charles I. -in the year 1638.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This company is governed by a Master, -four Wardens, thirty Assistants, and a -livery of 130 members, who upon their -admission pay a fine of 5<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i> -They have a hall in Beech lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glovers</span> <i>court</i>, Beech lane.☐</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Glovers</span> <i>yard</i>, Beech lane.☐</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goat</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. St. Catharine’s lane.* 2. -Ludgate hill.* 3. Upper Ground, Southwark.* -4. Whitecross str. Cripplegate.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goat Inn</span> <i>yard</i>, St. Margaret’s hill.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goat’s Head</span> <i>alley</i>, Skinners street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goat</span> <i>stairs</i>, Bank side.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goat</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Free school street, Horselydown.* -2. In the Maze, Tooley street.* -3. Whitecross street, by Old street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goat</span> <i>yard passage</i>, Horselydown.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goatham</span> <i>alley</i>, Shoreditch.‖</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gobb’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Grey Eagle street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gobions.</span> See <span class='sc'>Gubbins</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goddard’s</span> <i>rents</i>, 1. Holiwell street.† 2. -Wheeler street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Godliman’s</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Little Carter lane.† -St. Paul’s Chain.†</p> - -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_47'>47</span><span class='sc'>Godfrey’s</span> <i>court</i>, Milk street, Cheapside.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Godwel</span> <i>stairs</i>, near Limehouse.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gold and Silver Wiredrawers</span>, a -company incorporated by letters patent -granted by K. James I. in the year 1623.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This fraternity is governed by a Master, -two Wardens, and eighteen Assistants, -but has neither livery nor hall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goldby’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Golden lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Golden Anchor</span> <i>alley</i>, Old street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Golden Ball</span> <i>court</i>, Great Wild street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Golden Cross</span> <i>court</i>, Cateaton street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Golden Fleece</span> <i>yard</i>, Tothill street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Golden Key</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Basinghall Postern.* -2. Fore street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Golden</span> <i>lane</i>, Barbican.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Golden Leg</span> <i>court</i>, Cheapside.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Golden Lion</span> <i>alley</i>, Long ditch, Westminster.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Golden Lion</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Aldersgate street.* -2. By St. George’s church, Southwark.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Golden</span> <i>square</i>, near Great Windmill street, -a very neat but small square, containing -about two acres. A large space on the -inside adorned with grass plats and gravel -walks, was till lately surrounded with -wooden rails; but these have been removed, -and handsome iron ones placed in -their room.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gold’s</span> <i>hill</i>, Dean street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_48'>48</span><span class='sc'>Goldsmiths</span>, one of the twelve principal -companies, is of great antiquity; for in -the reign of Henry II. in the year 1180, it -was among other guilds, fined for being -adulterine, that is, setting up without the -King’s special licence. But at length, in -1327, Edward III. in consideration of -the sum of ten marks, incorporated this -company by letters patent, and granted -the Goldsmiths the privilege of purchasing -an estate of 20<i>l.</i> <i>per annum</i> in mortmain, -for the support of their valetudinary members, -which in the year 1394, was confirmed -by Richard II. for the sum of twenty -marks. These grants were afterwards -confirmed by Edward IV. in the year -1462, who also constituted this society a -body politic and corporate, to have perpetual -succession, and a common seal. -They had now likewise the privilege of -inspecting, trying, and regulating all gold -and silver wares, not only in this city, -but in all other parts of the kingdom; -with the power of punishing all offenders -concerned in working adulterated -gold and silver, and the power of making -by-laws for their better government.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This fraternity is governed by a Prime, -three other Wardens, and ninety-eight -Assistants; with a livery of 198 members, -who upon their admission pay a fine of 20<i>l.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_49'>49</span><span class='sc'>Goldsmiths Hall</span>, a spacious building -in Foster lane, Cheapside, was originally -built by Drew Barentin, about the year -1407, but was destroyed by the fire in -1666, and the present edifice arose in its -place. It is an irregular structure built -with brick, and the corners wrought in -rustic of stone. The door is large, -arched, and decorated with Doric columns, -which support a pediment of the -arched kind, but open for a shield, in -which are the arms of the company. -The hall room is spacious, and both -that and the other rooms well enlightened.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In this hall are, among others, the pictures -of Sir Martin Bowers, and Sir Hugh -Middleton, both of this company, and -great benefactors to it. They both enjoyed -the office of Lord Mayor of London. -The latter is worthy of immortal -honour, for bringing the New River -water to the city: out of the rents of -which he gave 30<i>l.</i> a year to this company, -which is now worth near the annual -revenue of 300<i>l.</i> They have also a -very great estate, and apply above 1000<i>l.</i> a -year to charitable uses.</p> - -<p class='c010'>By an act passed in the 12th year of -the reign of his present Majesty George II. -it is ordered that no goldsmith, silversmith, -or other person dealing in gold or silver -<span class='pageno' id='Page_50'>50</span>wares, shall make any gold vessel, plate, -or manufacture, of less fineness than 22 -carats of fine gold in every pound troy -weight; nor any of silver, of less fineness -than 11 ounces, two pennyweights, of fine -silver in every pound troy. And that no -goldsmith, silversmith, or other dealer in -gold or silver wares, shall sell, exchange, -or expose to sale, any gold or silver plate, -or export the same, without its being -marked with the first letters of the christian -and surname of the maker, and, if in -London, with the marks of the Goldsmiths -company, namely, the leopard’s head, the -lion passant, and a distinct variable mark, -denoting the year in which such plate was -made; or with the mark of the worker, -and the marks appointed to be used by -the assayers of York, Exeter, Bristol, Chester, -Norwich, or Newcastle upon Tyne; -on the penalty of forfeiting 10<i>l.</i> for every -omission. The forging of the company’s -marks, exposes the maker to the penalty -of 100<i>l.</i> or two years imprisonment. -However, such pieces of gold or silver, -as are either too small or too thin to receive -the marks, and do not weigh ten -pennyweights of gold or silver each, are -not to be stamped. The price of assaying -is fixed by the Wardens of the company.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goldsmith’s</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Jewin street.† 2. -Lukener’s lane, Drury lane.†</p> - -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_51'>51</span><span class='sc'>Goldsmith’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Goldsmith’s alley, -Jewin street.† 2. New street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goldsmith’s</span> <i>rents</i>, East Smithfield.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goldsmith’s</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Crucifix lane, Barnaby -street, Southwark.† 2. Wood street, -Cheapside.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gold’s</span> <i>square</i>, Golston street, Whitechapel.† -See <span class='sc'>Gould’s</span> <i>square</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gold</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Near New Gravel lane. 2. -Wood street, Cheapside.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Golston’s</span> <i>court</i>, Drury lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gonson’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Bluegate fields, Upper Shadwell.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goodchild’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Market street, Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goodman’s</span> <i>fields</i>, a considerable piece of -ground lying behind the houses on the -south side of Whitechapel, the east side -of the Minories, and the north side -of Rosemary lane. Mr. Stow observes, -that in his time, this was a large -field and farm kept by one Goodman, -whose son afterwards let it out, and -lived like a gentleman upon the rent it -produced: and it still retains the same -name, though it has now no appearance -of a field. It principally consists of four -handsome streets, inhabited by merchants, -and other persons in affluent circumstances: -these streets are on the four sides, -and in the center is a tenter ground, which -<span class='pageno' id='Page_52'>52</span>being surrounded by the houses, is excluded -from public view. About fifteen -years ago there was a very neat but small -play house in one of these streets, and in -this theatre Mr. Garrick first distinguished -himself as an actor.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goodman’s</span> <i>wharf</i>, St. Catharine’s.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goodman’s</span> <i>yard</i>, In the Minories, leading -into Goodman’s fields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Good’s</span> <i>rents</i>, In the Minories.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goodwin’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Oxford street.† 2. St. -Martin’s lane, Chancery lane.† 3. Noble -street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goodyear’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Wapping.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goose</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Bow Church yard, Cheapside.* -2. Fleet Ditch.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goosetree’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Peter street, Westminster.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gorhambury</span>, a little to the west of St. -Alban’s, was formerly the paternal estate -of the great Francis Bacon, Lord Verulam, -and Viscount of St. Alban’s, and is -now the seat of the Lord Viscount Grimston.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gosling’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Swordbearer’s alley, -Chiswell street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gossips</span> <i>rents</i>, Tooley street.‖</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gossips</span> <i>row</i>, Glean alley, Tooley street.‖</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goswell</span> <i>street</i>, extends in a line from the -corner of Barbican, where Aldersgate street -ends, to Mount Mill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_53'>53</span><span class='sc'>Gough’s</span> <i>square</i>, near Fleet street; a very -small oblong square, with a row on each -side of handsome buildings.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gough’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Back street, Lambeth.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gould’s</span> <i>court</i>, Woodrofe lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gould’s</span> <i>square</i>, Woodrofe lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Goulston’s</span> <i>square</i>, Whitechapel.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gracechurch</span> <i>street</i>, Cornhill, was originally -called Grass church street, from a -grass or herb market, near Allhallows -Lombard street, which from that market -was called Grass church. <i>Stow.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grace</span> <i>court</i>, Fenchurch street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grace’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Well street, Wellclose square.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grafton</span> <i>buildings</i>, Long lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grafton</span> <i>street</i>, Soho.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Graham’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in Hog lane, Soho, -was founded in the year 1686, by Mrs. -Graham, for four decayed Clergymen’s -widows, their maiden daughters, or other -gentlewomen, each of whom has a handsome -apartment, and 10<i>l.</i> <i>per annum</i>; -and for fuel and a servant to attend them -all, the additional sum of 10<i>l.</i> a year.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grange</span>, Near the King’s road.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grange</span> <i>court</i>, Carey street, Lincoln’s Inn -fields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grange</span> <i>lane</i>, Bermondsey.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grange</span> <i>road</i>, Bermondsey.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grange</span> <i>street</i>, Chapel street, in Red Lion -street, Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_54'>54</span><span class='sc'>Grange</span> <i>walk</i>, King John’s court, Bermondsey.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grange</span> <i>yard</i>, Bermondsey fields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Granger’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Near Barbican.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grape</span> <i>street</i>, By Little Moorfields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grasschurch</span> <i>street</i>, Cornhill; now generally -called and spelt Gracechurch street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grasshopper</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Fore street.* 2. -Whitecross street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grasshopper</span> <i>court</i>, Charterhouse street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gravel</span> <i>court</i>, Old Gravel lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gravel</span> <i>lane</i>, 1. Near the Falcon stairs. 2. -Houndsditch.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gravel</span> <i>street</i>, Brook street, Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gravel</span> <i>walk</i>, 1. Blue Anchor alley. 2. -Collingwood street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grave’s</span> <i>dock</i>, Fore street, Limehouse.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grave’s</span> <i>wharf</i>, near Fishmongers hall, -Thames street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gravesend</span>, a town in Kent, twenty-two -miles from London, situated on the -Thames, opposite to Tilbury Fort, about -six miles east from Dartford, and about -the same distance from Rochester. In the -reign of Richard II. the French and Spaniards -sailed up the Thames to this town, -and having plundered and burnt it, carried -away most of the inhabitants. To -enable the town to recover this loss, the -Abbot of St. Mary le Grace on Tower -hill, to whom King Richard II. had -<span class='pageno' id='Page_55'>55</span>granted a manor belonging to Gravesend, -obtained that the inhabitants of Gravesend -and Milton should have the sole privilege -of carrying passengers by water -from hence to London, at 2<i>d.</i> a head, or -4<i>s.</i> the whole fare; but the fare is now -raised to 9<i>d.</i> a head in the tilt boat, and -1<i>s.</i> in the wherry. The former must -not take in above forty passengers, and -the latter no more than ten. The Watermens -company are by act of parliament -obliged to provide officers at Billingsgate -and at Gravesend, who at every time of -high water by night and day, are at their -respective places to ring publicly a bell -set up for that purpose, for fifteen minutes, -to give notice to the tilt boats and -wherries to put off; and coaches ply -at Gravesend at the landing of people from -London to carry them to Rochester. -King Henry VIII. raised a platform here -and at Milton, and these towns were incorporated -by Queen Elizabeth, by the -name of the Portreve (which has been -changed to that of Mayor) the jurats and inhabitants -of Gravesend and Milton. The -whole town being burnt down in 1727 -the parliament in the year 1731 granted -5000<i>l.</i> for rebuilding its church. -Here is a very handsome charitable foundation, -Mr. Henry Pinnock having in -1624, given twenty-one dwelling houses -<span class='pageno' id='Page_56'>56</span>and a house for a master weaver to employ -the poor: and a good estate is also -settled for the repairs.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Within a few years past, great improvements -have been made in the lands -near this town, by turning them into -kitchen gardens, with the produce of -which Gravesend not only supplies the -neighbouring places for several miles -round, but also sends great quantities to -the London markets, particularly of asparagus, -that of Gravesend being preferred -to that of Battersea. As all outward -bound ships are obliged to anchor in this -road till they have been visited by the -custom house officers, and as they generally -stay here to take in provisions, the -town is full of seamen, and in a constant -hurry.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gray Friars.</span> See <span class='sc'>Grey Friars</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gray’s</span> <i>court</i>, Duke street, Piccadilly.†</p> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i063.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>Gray’s Inn.</i><br /><i>S. Wale delin. B. Green sculp.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c008'><span class='sc'>Gray’s Inn</span>, on the north side of Holborn, -near the Bars, is so called from its being -formerly the residence of the ancient and -noble family of Gray of Wilton, who in -the reign of Edward III. demised it to -several students of the law. It is one of -the four Inns of Court, and is inhabited -by Barristers and Students of the law, and -also by such gentlemen of independent fortune, -as chuse this place, for the sake of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_57'>57</span>an agreeable retirement, or the pleasure -of the walks.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The members of the house are to be -in commons a fortnight every term, for -which they pay 16<i>s.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>The officers and servants belonging to -the Inn, are, a Treasurer, a Steward, a -chief and three under butlers, an upper -and under cook, a pannier man, a gardener, -the steward, the chief butler’s men, -and two porters.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This Inn has its chief entrance out of -Holborn through a large gate, though it -is seated far backwards, and though with -its gardens it takes up almost all the -west side of Gray’s Inn lane. It consists -of several well-built courts, particularly -Holborn court, Coney court, and another -at the entrance into the garden. The -hall where the gentlemen of the society -dine and sup is large and commodious; -but the chapel is too small; it is -a Gothic structure, and has marks of -much greater antiquity than any other -part of the building.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The chief ornament belonging to this -Inn, is its spacious garden, the benefit of -which is enjoyed by the public, every -body decently dressed being allowed the -recreation of walking in it every day. -This garden consists of gravel walks, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_58'>58</span>between vistas of very lofty trees, of grass -plats, agreeable slopes, and a long terras -with a portico at each end; this terras is -ascended by a handsome flight of steps. -Till lately there was a summer-house -erected by the great Sir Francis Bacon, -upon a small mount: it was open on all -sides, and the roof supported by slender -pillars. A few years ago the uninterrupted -prospect of the neighbouring fields, -as far as the hills of Highgate and Hampstead, -was obstructed by a handsome row -of houses on the north; since which the -above summer-house has been levelled, -and many of the trees cut down to lay -the garden more open. The part represented -in the print is the lower side of -Coney court, containing the chapel, hall, -&c. and is the principal square of this -Inn (which is a very considerable one) -belonging to the gentlemen of the long -robe.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gray’s Inn</span> <i>lane</i>, Holborn Bars.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gray’s Inn Library</span>, which is kept in -Coney court, Gray’s Inn, consists of a -considerable number of books in several -languages, and on different branches of -learning; but more particularly on law, -for the use of the gentlemen of the Inn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gray’s Inn</span> <i>passage</i>, 1. Field court, Gray’s -Inn. 2. Red Lion street, Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_59'>59</span><span class='sc'>Grays Thurrock</span>, a town in Essex, nineteen -miles from London, so called from -its ancient Lords the Grays of Codnor. -It has a very good market for corn and -cattle.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Almonry</span>, Tothill street, Westminster. -See <span class='sc'>Almonry</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Arthur</span> <i>street</i>, Goswell street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Ashentree</span> <i>court</i>, White Friars.‡</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Bacon</span> <i>yard</i>, Goswell street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Bear</span> <i>key</i>, Thames street. See -<span class='sc'>Bear Key</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Black Horse</span> <i>court</i>, Aldersgate -street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Carter</span> <i>lane</i>, St. Paul’s church -yard.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Chapel</span> <i>street</i>, Oxford street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Cock</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Fore street, Cripplegate.* -2. Redcross street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Cow</span> <i>alley</i>, Whitecross street, Old -street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Dean’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Dice</span> <i>key</i>, Thames street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Distaff</span> <i>lane</i>, Old Change.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Earl</span> <i>street</i>, Seven Dials.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Eastcheap</span>, Canon street, Fish -street hill. See <span class='sc'>Eastcheap</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Elbow</span> <i>lane</i>, College hill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Friars Gate</span>, Fleet street: so called -from its leading into White Friars.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Garden</span>, St. Catharine’s lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_60'>60</span><span class='sc'>Great George</span> <i>street</i>, 1. A fine new built -street, that extends from the end of Bridge -street into St. James’s Park. The great -uniformity observed in the buildings, their -grandeur, and the length and straightness -of this street, form a noble vista, terminated -at the end next the park by very -handsome iron gates supported on stone -piers, and by the tall trees of the park, -which at a distance resemble a thick -grove. 2. A very noble street which extends -from Hanover square into Conduit -street; this is also broad and well paved, -and has several very fine houses built and -inhabited by noblemen and people of the -first rank. See <span class='sc'>Hanover Square</span>.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The other streets of this name, are, 3. -By Great New George street, Spitalfields: -and 4. by King street, Westminster. These -streets were thus named in honour of his -present Majesty and his royal father.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Hart</span> <i>street</i>, James’s street, Long -Acre.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Hermitage</span> <i>street</i>, in the Hermitage.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Jermain</span> <i>street</i>, Near Piccadilly.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Kirby</span> <i>street</i>, Hatton Garden.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Knightrider’s</span> <i>street</i>, by Addle -hill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Lamb</span> <i>alley</i>, Blackman street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Maddox</span> <i>street</i>, Hanover square.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_61'>61</span><span class='sc'>Great Marlborough</span> <i>street</i>, Poland -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Montague</span> <i>court</i>, Little Britain.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Montague</span> <i>street</i>, near Brick lane, -Spitalfields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Moor</span> <i>yard</i>, St. Martin’s lane, -Charing Cross.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great New</span> <i>street</i>, Fetter lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Newport</span> <i>street</i>, near Long Acre.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Nottingham</span> <i>street</i>, Plumtree -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Old Bailey</span>, Ludgate hill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Ormond</span> <i>street</i>, Red Lion street, -Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Ormond</span> <i>yard</i>, Ormond street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Pearl</span> <i>street</i>, Grey Eagle street, -Spitalfields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Peter</span> <i>street</i>, by Great Poulteney -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Poulteney</span> <i>street</i>, near Brewer’s -street, Soho.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Queen</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Lincoln’s Inn -fields. 2. Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Rider</span> <i>street</i>, St. James’s street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Russel</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Bloomsbury, from -the Duke of Bedford’s house near it. -2. Covent garden, from its being built -upon the same Duke’s estate.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great St. Andrew’s</span> <i>street</i>, Seven Dials.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great St. Ann’s</span> <i>lane</i>, by Orchard street, -Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_62'>62</span><span class='sc'>Great St. Helen’s</span> <i>court</i>, Bishopsgate -street within. See <i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Helen’s</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great St. Thomas Apostle’s</span> <i>lane</i>, by -Queen street, Cheapside. See <i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Thomas -Apostles</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Stone</span> <i>stairs</i>, Ratcliff.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Suffolk</span> <i>street</i>, Cockspur street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Swallow</span> <i>street</i>, Piccadilly.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Swordbearers</span> <i>alley</i>, Chiswell -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Tower</span> <i>hill</i>, by Great Tower street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Tower</span> <i>street</i>, the broad part on -the east end.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Trinity</span> <i>lane</i>, Bow lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Turnstile</span>, Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Turnstile</span> <i>alley</i>, High Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Wardour</span> <i>street</i>, Oxford street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Warner</span> <i>street</i>, Cold Bath street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great White Lion</span> <i>street</i>, Seven Dials.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Wild</span> <i>street</i>, Great Queen street, -Lincoln’s Inn fields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Winchester</span> <i>street</i>, Broad street, -London Wall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great Windmill</span> <i>street</i>, Piccadilly.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great</span> <i>yard</i>, Parish street, Horselydown.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Great York</span> <i>street</i>, Cock lane, Shoreditch.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greave’s</span> <i>court</i>, George yard, Whitechapel.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Broad Sanctuary. 2. Coleman -street, Wapping. 3. St. Saviour’s -Dock. 4. Tooley street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_63'>63</span><span class='sc'>Green Arbour</span> <i>court</i>, 1. French alley. -2. Lambeth hill, Thames street. 3. Little -Moorfields. 4. Little Old Bailey.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green Bank</span>, 1. Horselydown. 2. Coleman -street, Wapping. 3. St. Olave street. -4. Wapping.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>Board of</i> <span class='sc'>Green Cloth</span>, a court of justice -continually sitting in the King’s house. -This court is under the Lord Steward of -the King’s houshold, and is composed of -the Treasurer of the houshold, the Comptroller, -Cofferer, Master of the houshold, -two clerks of the Green Cloth, and two -clerks comptrollers; and receives its name -from a green cloth spread over the table, -at which they sit.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the absence of the Lord Steward, -the Treasurer of the King’s house, in conjunction -with the Comptroller, and other -officers of the board, together with the -Steward of the Marshalsea, have power -to determine treasons, felonies and other -crimes committed within the verge. By -the direction and allowance of this board, -the Cofferer pays the wages of the King’s -servants above and below stairs, and the bills -for provisions. Also before this board the -Averner to the Master of the horse lays -the accompts of the stables for horse meat, -livery wages, and board wages, in order -to be passed and allowed. See the article -<span class='pageno' id='Page_64'>64</span><span class='sc'>Lord Steward of the King’s Houshold</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green Coat Hospital</span>, Tothill fields. -Several of the inhabitants of Westminster -having resolved to settle an hospital like -that of Christ Church in the city of London, -where poor orphans might not only -be furnished with all the necessaries of -life, but instructed in manual arts, in the -year 1633 obtained a charter from King -Charles I. by which they were constituted -a body politic and corporate, by the -appellation of <i>The Governors of the hospital -of St. Margaret’s Westminster, of the -foundation of King Charles</i>; to consist of -twenty Governors, inhabitants of Westminster, -with the right of purchasing -lands, tenements, &c. in mortmain, to -the value of 500<i>l.</i> <i>per annum</i>. But the -civil war soon after breaking out, in a -manner quashed this noble design. However, -by the charitable benefactions of -King Charles II. and others, the estate -amounts to above 300<i>l.</i> a year, and there -are at present twenty boys maintained -upon this foundation. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Green Bank, Wapping. -2. Knaves Acre. 3. Little Minories. 4. -Marshal street, Shoreditch.</p> - -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i074.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>M<sup>r</sup>. Spencer’s.</i><br /><i>S. Wale del.</i> <i>B. Green sculp.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green Dragon</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Narrow street, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_65'>65</span>Limehouse.* 2. Surry street, in the -Strand.* 3. By Wapping Wall.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green Dragon</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Broadway, -Westminster.* 2. Cow lane.* 3. Foul -lane.* 4. New Crane, Wapping.* 5. -Old Change.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green Dragon</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Long lane, West -Smithfield.* 2. Whitechapel.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green Elm</span> <i>court</i>, in the Savoy.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greenford</span>, in the vale, a village two -miles south of Harrow on the Hill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greenhill’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Smithfield bars.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greenland</span> <i>stairs</i>. Deptford.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green</span> <i>lane</i>, 1. Lambeth. 2. Tottenham -Court fields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green Lettice</span> <i>court</i>, Fore street, Cripplegate.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green Lettice</span> <i>lane</i>, Canon street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green</span> <i>market</i>, Leadenhall street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green</span> <i>Park</i>, between St. James’s Park -and Hyde Park. This Park adds -greatly to the pleasantness of the houses -which are situated so as to overlook it, -among which the most conspicuous by far -is that lately built by Mr. Spencer. Altogether -it appears very noble, but considering -it as a front, we are disappointed in -not seeing any entrance, which surely should -have been made conspicuous. The pediment -being extended over so many columns -is too large and heavy, and the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_66'>66</span>bow window has no relation at all to the -building, and offends every eye; but the -figures and vases on the top have indeed -a fine effect. The irregularity of the -other side or principal front (which is in -St. James’s Place) is excusable, as the adjoining -houses can’t yet be purchased, but -the flatness of it, having no columns or -great projections, will always make it subordinate -to the side that fronts the Park, -which is that we have given a view of -in the print.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green’s</span> <i>court</i>, Lothbury.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Bride lane, Fleet street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green School</span> <i>court</i>, London Wall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Near Grosvenor square. -2. Leicester fields. 3. Theobald’s row.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green</span> <i>walk</i>, 1. Broad Wall. 2. Gravel -lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greenwich</span>, a very pleasant town in Kent, -situated six miles from London, has been -the birth place of several of our Monarchs, -particularly Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth: -and here King Edward VI. died. -Their palace was first erected by Humphry -Duke of Gloucester, who named it -Placentia. This palace was enlarged by -Henry VII. and completed by Henry VIII. -but being afterwards suffered to run to -ruin, was pulled down by King Charles II. -who began another, a most magnificent -<span class='pageno' id='Page_67'>67</span>edifice, and lived to see the first wing -finished. See <span class='sc'>Greenwich Hospital</span>.</p> - -<p class='c010'>King Charles II. also enlarged the park, -walled it round, planted it, and caused a -royal observatory to be erected on the top -of the steep of the hill. This edifice his -Majesty erected for the use of the celebrated -Mr. Flamstead, and it still retains -the name of that great astronomer: his -Majesty likewise furnished it with mathematical -instruments for astronomical observations, -and a deep dry well for observing -the stars in the day time.</p> - -<p class='c010'>That which is properly the palace here, -is an edifice of no great extent, and it is -now converted into apartments for the -Governor of the Royal Hospital, and the -Ranger of the park. This park is well stocked -with deer, and affords a noble and delightful -view of the fine hospital, the river -Thames, and the city of London.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Greenwich is said to contain 1350 -houses. Its parish church, which has -been lately rebuilt by the Commissioners -for erecting the fifty new churches, -is a very handsome structure, dedicated to -St. Alphage, Archbishop of Canterbury, -who is said to have been slain by the -Danes in the year 1012, on the spot -where the church now stands. There is -a college at the end of the town, fronting -<span class='pageno' id='Page_68'>68</span>the Thames, for the maintenance of 20 -decayed old housekeepers, twelve out of -Greenwich, and eight who are to be alternately -chosen from Snottisham and -Castle-Rising in Norfolk. This is called -the Duke of Norfolk’s College, though it -was founded and endowed, in 1613, by -Henry Earl of Northampton, the Duke of -Norfolk’s brother, and by him committed -to the care of the Mercers company. To -this college belongs a chapel, in which -the Earl’s body is laid, which, as well as -his monument, was removed hither a -few years ago, from the chapel of Dover -Castle. The pensioners, besides meat, -drink, and lodging, are allowed 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> a -week, with a gown every year, linen once -in two years, and hats once in four years.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the year 1560 Mr. Lambard, author -of the Perambulation of Kent, also built -and founded an hospital called Queen Elizabeth’s -College, said to be the first erected -by an English protestant. There are -likewise two charity schools in this parish, -one founded by Sir William Boreman, -Knt. for twenty boys, who are cloathed, -boarded, and taught; they wear green -coats and caps: and the other by Mr. -John Roan, who left his estate for teaching -also twenty boys reading, writing, and -arithmetic, and allowing 2<i>l.</i> <i>per annum</i> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_69'>69</span>for each boy’s cloaths. These wear grey -coats.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The river Thames is here very broad, -and the channel deep; and at some very -high tides the water is salt, though it is -usually sweet and fresh.</p> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i080.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>S. Wale del.</i> <i>B. Green sculp.</i><br /><i>Greenwich Hospital.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c008'><span class='sc'>Greenwich Hospital</span>, stands on the -spot, where stood the palace of several of -our Kings. The first wing of this noble -and superb edifice, erected by K. Charles II. -was designed to be applied to the same -use. Indeed from the magnificence of -the structure, it can scarcely be taken for -any thing less than the palace of a great -monarch. However King William III. -being very desirous of promoting the -trade, navigation, and naval strength of -this kingdom, by inviting great numbers -of his subjects to betake themselves to the -sea, gave this noble palace, and several -other edifices, with a considerable spot of -ground, for the use of those English seamen -and their children, who by age, -wounds, or other accidents, should be -disabled from farther service at sea, and -for the widows and children of such as -were slain in fighting at sea, against the -enemies of their country. King William -also by his letters patent, in 1694, appointed -commissioners for the better carrying -on his pious intentions, and therein -<span class='pageno' id='Page_70'>70</span>desired the assistance of his good subjects, -as the necessity of his affairs did not permit -him to advance so considerable a sum -towards this work, as he desired. In conformity -to this request, many benefactions -were made both in that and the succeeding -reigns, to this noble charity, which, -according to the tables hung up at the -entrance of the hall, amount to 58,209<i>l.</i> -and afterwards the estate of the Earl of -Derwentwater, who bore a principal part -in the rebellion in 1715, amounting to -6000<i>l.</i> <i>per annum</i>, was given by parliament -to this hospital. The first range -had cost King Charles II. 36,000<i>l.</i> and -another was ordered to be built on the -same model: this has been completed -with equal magnificence, and the whole -structure entirely finished.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The front to the Thames consists of -these two ranges of stone buildings, -with the Governor’s house at the back -part in the center, behind which the -park, well planted with trees, rises with -a noble ascent. These buildings, between -which is a large area, perfectly correspond -with each other, and each range -is terminated by a very noble dome.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In each front to the Thames, two -ranges of coupled Corinthian columns -finely wrought, support their pediments, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_71'>71</span>and the same order is continued in pilasters -along the building. The projection -of the entablatures gives an agreeable diversity -of light and shade. In the center -of each part, between these ranges of Corinthian -columns, is the door, which is of -the Doric order, and adorned above with -a tablet and pediment. Within the -height of these lofty columns are two series -of windows, enlightening two floors. -The undermost, which are the smallest, -have rustic cases crowned with pediments; -while the upper series, which are larger, -and more lofty, are adorned with the orders, -and with upright pointed pediments. -Over these is an Attic story; the entablature -of the Corinthian columns and pilasters -supports a regular Attic course: -the pilasters of this order rising over every -column, and pilaster of the Corinthian -below, between which the windows are -regularly disposed, and the top is crowned -with a handsome balustrade.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The buildings, which are continued -from these, and face the area, correspond -with them, though in a finer, and more -elegant manner. In the center of both -is a range of columns supporting a pediment, -and at each corner a range of Corinthian -pilasters. The front is rusticated, -and there are two series of windows. The -domes at the end, which are 120 feet high, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_72'>72</span>are supported on coupled columns, as are -the porticos below; and under one of these -is the chapel, which is adorned on the inside -with the greatest elegance and beauty.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On the sides of the gate which opens -to these buildings from the park, are -placed a large celestial and terrestrial globe, -in which the stars are gilt; and in the -center of the area, is fixed on a pedestal, -a statue of his Majesty King George II.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The hall of this hospital is finely painted -by Sir James Thornhill, particularly -the ceiling and upper end; on the latter -are represented in an alcove, the late Princess -Sophia, King George I. King George -II. Queen Caroline, the Queen Dowager -of Prussia, Frederic Prince of Wales, the -Duke of Cumberland, and the five Princesses, -the daughters of his present Majesty. -On the ceiling over the alcove are -her late Majesty Queen Anne and Prince -George of Denmark: and on the ceiling -of the hall are King William and Queen -Mary, with several fine emblematical -figures. All strangers who see this hall -pay two pence each, and this income is -applied to the support of the mathematical -school, for the sons of sailors.</p> - -<p class='c010'>For the better support of this hospital -every seaman in the royal navy and in the -service of the merchants pays 6<i>d.</i> a month. -This is stopped out of the pay of all sailors, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_73'>73</span>and delivered in at the Six penny Receiver’s -office on Tower hill. And therefore a -seaman who can produce an authentic -certificate of his being disabled, and rendered -unfit for the sea service, by defending -any ship belonging to his Majesty’s -British subjects, or in taking any ship -from the enemy, may be admitted into -this hospital, and receive the same benefit -from it, as if he had been in his Majesty’s -immediate service.</p> - -<p class='c010'>There are at present near 2000 old or -disabled seamen, and an hundred boys, the -sons of seamen, instructed in navigation, -and bred up for the service of the royal -navy: but there are no out-pensioners, as -at Chelsea. Each of the mariners has a -weekly allowance of seven loaves, weighing -sixteen ounces each; three pounds of -beef; two of mutton; a pint of pease; a -pound and a quarter of cheese; two ounces -of butter; fourteen quarts of beer, and -1<i>s.</i> a week tobacco money: the tobacco -money of the boatswains is 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> a -week each; that of their mates 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> and -that of the other officers in proportion to -their rank. Besides which, each common -pensioner receives once in two years, a suit -of blue cloaths, a hat, three pair of stockings, -two pair of shoes, five neck cloths, -three shirts, and two night caps.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This hospital has about 100 Governors, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_74'>74</span>composed of the nobility, great officers -of state, and persons in high posts under -the King. The principal officers of the -house, with their annual salaries, are:</p> -<table class='table0' summary=''> -<colgroup> -<col width='75%' /> -<col width='24%' /> -</colgroup> - <tr> - <td class='c018'>The Governor</td> - <td class='c019'>£1000</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c018'>Lieutenant Governor</td> - <td class='c019'>300</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c018'>Treasurer</td> - <td class='c019'>200</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c018'>Three Captains, each</td> - <td class='c019'>200</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c018'>Six Lieutenants, each</td> - <td class='c019'>100</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c018'>Two Chaplains, each</td> - <td class='c019'>100</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c018'>A Physician and Surgeon, each</td> - <td class='c019'>200</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c018'>A Clerk of the cheque</td> - <td class='c019'>100</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c018'>Auditor</td> - <td class='c019'>100</td> - </tr> -</table> -<p class='c008'><span class='sc'>Greenwich</span> <i>alley</i>, Brickhill lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greenwich</span> <i>street</i>, Dowgate wharf.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greenwood’s</span> <i>court</i>, Nightingale lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Green</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Basinghall Postern. 2. East -Smithfield. 3. Fore street, Cripplegate. 4. -Goswell street. 5. Green Bank, Wapping. -6. Horselydown. 7. Milk yard, New Gravel -lane. 8. Pepper alley. 9. Tooley street. -10. Upper Ground street. 11. White’s -yard, Rosemary lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gregory’s</span> <i>court</i>, High Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Gregory’s</span>, so called from its being dedicated -to Pope Gregory the Great, who -sent Austin the Monk to convert the English, -stood at the south west corner of St. -Paul’s cathedral; but being burnt by the -fire of London in 1666, and not rebuilt, -the parish was by act of parliament annexed -<span class='pageno' id='Page_75'>75</span>to the church of St. Mary Magdalen -in Old Fish street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greg’s</span> <i>court</i>, Goodman’s yard.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grenadier’s</span> <i>mews</i>, Portland street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gresham’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i> in Broad street, on -the west side of Gresham College, was -founded by Sir Thomas Gresham in the -year 1575, for eight poor men; the trust -of which he committed to the Lord Mayor -and Commonalty of London, who annually -pay these Almsmen 6<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i> -each, and a gown every other year.</p> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i088.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>S. Wale delin.</i> <i>J. Taylor sc.</i><br /><i>Gresham College.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c008'><span class='sc'>Gresham College</span>, situated within the -walls between Bishopsgate street and Broad street, -and was formerly the dwelling of -the founder Sir Thomas Gresham, Knt. -a merchant of London, and one of the -company of Mercers, who after he had -built the Royal Exchange, bequeathed -half the revenue thereof to the Mayor and -Commonalty of London, and their successors, -and the other moiety to the company -of Mercers, in trust that the Mayor -and Commonalty should find in all times -to come four able persons to read in his -dwelling house in Bishopsgate street, lectures -on divinity, astronomy, geometry, -and Music, and allow each of them besides -handsome lodgings in that house, the sum -of 50<i>l.</i> a year: and that the company of -Mercers should find three other able men -to read lectures in the civil law, rhetoric, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_76'>76</span>and physic, pay them the same salary, -and allow them the same accommodations. -These salaries and other bequests -of Sir Thomas Gresham, amounting -in the whole to 603<i>l.</i> are payable -out of the rents of the Royal Exchange, -and there is a grand committee for the -management of the affairs of this college -and the Exchange, which consists of four -Aldermen, whereof the Lord Mayor is always -one; twelve of the company of Mercers, -and eight of the Common Council, -for the city. These lectures were first -read in Trinity term, 1597, and with some -interruptions have been continued to the -present time.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The order of reading every term time -is, Monday, divinity; Tuesday, civil law; -Wednesday, astronomy; Thursday, geometry; -Friday, rhetoric; Saturday, anatomy -in the morning, and music in the -afternoon. <i>Stow</i>, <i>last edit.</i> But since the -institution of the Royal Society, these -lectures are in a manner deserted, the professors -having seldom above three or four -auditors, and those of the most ordinary -people. The print represents the inside -of the quadrangle in its present state.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gresham College</span> <i>court</i>, Bishopsgate -street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grevil</span> <i>street</i>, Leather lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grey-coat Hospital</span>, Tothill fields, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_77'>77</span>Westminster. In the year 1698 this charity -school was erected in St. Margaret’s -parish, for the education of poor children, -and named <i>The Grey-coat School</i>, from the -colour of the children’s cloaths; but the -trustees being at length greatly encouraged -by charitable contributions, in the -year 1701, not only increased the number -of children, but supplied them with -all the necessaries of life, in a large and -commodious building near Tothill fields: -and for the encouragement of so laudable -an undertaking Queen Anne, in 1706, -by her letters patent, constituted the trustees -of this school a body politic and corporate, -by the name of <i>The Governors of -the Grey-coat hospital in Tothill fields, of -the royal foundation of Queen Anne</i>, with -the power of purchasing lands, tenements, -&c. in mortmain, to the yearly amount -of 2000<i>l.</i> These children, besides being -taught the usual learning, are employed -in spinning, knitting, sewing, &c. to -inure them early to industry; and having -attained the necessary qualifications at -school, they are put out apprentices.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This hospital, in the year 1727, was -in so flourishing a condition that it contained -eighty boys, and fifty girls, in -which year the charge of all its disbursements -amounted to 1457<i>l.</i> 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> At -Michaelmas 1739, a mathematical school -<span class='pageno' id='Page_78'>78</span>was erected, and a proper master employed -to instruct the boys in the art of -navigation, to fit them for the service of -their country, several of whom since the -erection of this school have been put apprentice -to captains in the King’s service.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The expence of each child is about 8<i>l.</i> -a year, besides the salaries of the masters -and mistresses, the wages of servants, and -other charges attending the hospital.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grey Eagle</span> <i>street</i>, Brick lane, Spitalfields.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grey Friars</span>, a court in Newgate street, -near the gate, adjoining on one side to -Christ’s hospital. Here, in the reign of -King Henry III. was erected a convent of -Franciscans or Grey Friars, and some time -after a spacious church, which was not -compleatly finished till the year 1380, -tho’ it was consecrated in 1325. This -church, which was 300 feet in length, -eighty-nine in breadth, and sixty-four -feet two inches in height from the ground -to the roof, was built at different times, -at the expence of different persons, and -among its benefactors were several Queens -of England. In the year 1429, Richard -Whittington here founded a library, 129 -feet in length and thirty-one in breadth, -which was finished the following year, -and within three years after furnished -with books. However, at the general -suppression of monasteries, the friery, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_79'>79</span>with all the edifices belonging to it, was -surrendered to Henry VIII. and the ornaments -and utensils taken away, and applied -to the King’s use: after which the -church was shut up for some time, and -used as a storehouse for goods taken as -prizes from the French; but in January -1546, this church, with the friery, library, -chapter house, cloisters and gardens, -were given by King Henry to the Mayor -and Commonalty of London, with the -hospital of St. Bartholomew in West -Smithfield, the parishes of St. Nicholas -and St. Ewin, and so much of St. Sepulchre’s -parish as is within Newgate, to be -made one parish belonging to the church -in the Grey Friars, which was from -thenceforward to be called Christ Church. -In short, in the year 1552, the house of -the Grey Friars began to be repaired for -the reception of poor fatherless children, -and in November following near four -hundred were taken in. <i>Stow.</i> See -<span class='sc'>Christ’s Hospital</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greyhound</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. St. Mary Ax.* 2. -Newgate street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greyhound</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Aldersgate street.* -2. St. Catharine’s lane.* 3. Chick lane.* -4. Lamb street.* 5. Milford lane.* 6. -Moor’s street, Soho.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greyhound</span> <i>Inn yard</i>, St. Margaret’s hill.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greyhound</span> <i>lane</i>, Three Colts street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_80'>80</span><span class='sc'>Greyhound</span> <i>street</i>, Whitechapel.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Greyhound</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Portpool lane.* 2. -Upper Ground street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grey Pea</span> <i>alley</i>, Red Maid lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grey’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Duke street, Piccadilly.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gridiron</span> <i>alley</i>, Whitechapel.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gridiron</span> <i>court</i>, High Holborn.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Griffin</span> <i>alley</i>, Blackman street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Griffin</span> <i>street</i>, Shadwell Dock.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Griffin</span> <i>yard</i>, Long lane, West Smithfield.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Griffis’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Barnaby street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grigg’s</span> <i>court</i>, Goodman’s yard.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gripey</span> <i>alley</i>, Artichoke lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grocers</span>, the second of the twelve principal -companies, was anciently denominated -Pepperers; but having changed their -name to that of Grocers, were under that -denomination incorporated by letters patent -granted by King Edward III. in the -year 1345, which were confirmed by -Henry VI. in 1429. These grants were -afterwards confirmed by a new charter of -Charles I. in the year 1640, with an additional -power of searching and inspecting -the goods and weights of all Grocers -within the city and suburbs of London, -and three miles round. They had anciently -the management of the King’s -beam in this city, with the right of appointing -a master-weigher, and four porters -to attend it.</p> - -<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_81'>81</span>This corporation consists of a Prime -and three other Wardens, fifty-two Assistants, -and one hundred and twenty-seven -Liverymen, whose fine upon admission is -20<i>l.</i> They have a great estate, out -of which they annually pay to the poor -about 700<i>l.</i> <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grocers</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. In the Poultry.☐ 2. -Shoreditch.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grocers Hall</span>, on the north side of the -Poultry, and at the farther end of Grocers -alley, is situated on a spot of ground -purchased by the Grocers company in the -year 1411, of Robert Lord Fitzwalter, -for three hundred and twenty marks. -The building is well designed for the -purpose of a common hall; and is not -only a stately edifice, but is so capacious, -that for many years it served for the uses -of the Bank of England, which was kept -in this hall, till the edifice in Thread-needle -street was erected for that purpose. -The ancient stone and brick building at -the north west corner of the garden, inhabited -by the beadle of the company, is -probably part of the ancient city mansion -of the noble family of Fitzwalter, and -consequently the oldest building within -the city walls. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grocers Hall</span> <i>yard</i>, Grocers alley.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grocers</span> <i>rents</i>, East Smithfield.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_82'>82</span><span class='sc'>Groom Porter</span>, an officer of the King’s -palace under the Lord Chamberlain. It -is his duty to see that his Majesty’s lodgings -are furnished with tables, chairs, -stools and firing; to provide cards, dice, -&c. <i>Chamberlain’s Present State.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Groom of the Stole</span>, the first Lord of the -Bedchamber, who is groom of the long -robe or vestment worn by the King on -solemn occasions, and called the stole. -It is his office to present or put on his -Majesty’s shirt every morning, and to -order the things of the bedchamber. His -salary is 2000<i>l.</i> a year.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grosvenor’s</span> <i>gate</i>, Grosvenor street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grosvenor’s</span> <i>mews</i>, a street of stables near -Grosvenor square.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grosvenor’s</span> <i>passage</i>, Grosvenor street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grosvenor</span> <i>square</i>, is bounded on the north -by Oxford road; on the east by Hanover -buildings; on the south by Mayfair; and -on the west by Hyde Park, It is however -entirely surrounded with buildings, which -are very magnificent, though the fronts -are far from being uniform, some of them -being entirely of stone, others of brick -and stone, and others of rubbed brick, -with only their quoins, facios, windows -and door cases of stone. Some of them -are adorned with stone columns of the -several orders, while others have only -<span class='pageno' id='Page_83'>83</span>plain fronts. Indeed here is the greatest -variety of fine buildings that are any where -to be met with in so small a compass, and -they are so far uniform, as to be all sashed -and to be pretty near of an equal height. -The area of this square contains about -five acres, and in the middle is a large -garden surrounded with palisado pales -placed upon a circular dwarf wall. This -garden is laid out into walks, and adorned -with an equestrian statue of King -George I. gilt, which stands upon a pedestal -in the center.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This square and the adjacent places are -thus named from Sir Thomas Grosvenor.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grosvenor</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Horse ferry, Westminster.† -2. New Bond street.†</p> -<p class='c009'>A list of Pictures that are at present hung -up in the two first floors of the house -of Paul Methuen, Esq; in Grosvenor -street.</p> - -<p class='c010'>N. B. In this list, after the description -of the pictures, the names of those by -whom they are thought to be painted -are added, for the information of such as -may be great admirers of the art of painting, -and lovers of pictures, and yet may -not have knowledge or experience enough -in that art to distinguish the several hands -by which they are done.</p> - -<p class='c010'>But as it is very possible, and even probable, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_84'>84</span>that the owner of them may, for -want of sufficient skill, have been mistaken -in the naming of the authors of -some of them; tho’ at the same time he -begs it may be believed, that he has done -nothing of that kind, without such reasons -for it, as appeared very good to him; -nor has been guided in it by partiality -to the pictures, or any other consideration, -but regard to truth, which he always -thought should take place of every -thing: so those who are better judges, -are at liberty to name the pictures as they -please, and restore them to the authors to -which they may think they really belong.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On the <span class='fss'>FIRST FLOOR</span>.</div> - <div>In the hall and stair case.</div> - <div>Over the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A naked boy blowing bubbles and treading -on a death’s head, representing Vanity, -by Elizabetha Sirani.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Near the street door.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A large picture of dogs and foxes, by Peter Sneyders.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the door that goes into the first parlour.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A man’s head, by Giuseppe de Ribera, -commonly call’d Il Spagnoletto.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On the landing place.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A large picture of David and Abigail, by -Sir Peter Paul Rubens.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_85'>85</span>Over the door.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The adventure of Don Quixote and the -barber, by a Spanish painter.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Fronting the landing place at the top.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of the Duchess of Mantua, -grand daughter to the Emperor Charles -the Fifth, with her son in her lap, -who was the last Duke of Mantua, with -some allegorical figures, armour, &c. -by Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A landscape, and a musical conversation, -painted by Sir Peter Lely; being the -portraits of himself and his whole family, -drawn by the life.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Fronting the windows.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The judgment of Paris, by Gerard Lairest.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The judgment of Midas, by the same hand.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the looking glass.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A young lad blowing bubbles, said to be -painted by Hannibal Caracci.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>In the first parlour.</div> - <div>Over the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A Dutch kermis or country fair, painted -by Old Pieter Bruegel.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On each side of the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Next the window, the portrait of a Turk, -by Rembrandt van Rijn.</p> -<p class='c009'>David with the head of Goliath and his -sling, by Leonello Spada.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_86'>86</span>Between the windows.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A man’s head, said to be that of Massaniello -the fisherman who caused the -great revolution of Naples, by Salvator -Rosa.</p> -<p class='c009'>The portrait of Francisco de Taxis, the -first inventor of the posts in Europe, for -which reason the direction of them has -always remained in one of his family -in all the dominions that belongs to the -house of Austria, by a hand not certainly -known.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the doors out of the hall,</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The folly of spending our lives in the pursuit -of love, wine, music and play, -an emblematical picture, by Johannes -Schorel.</p> -<p class='c009'>The Virgin, our Saviour, St. Mary Magdalen, -St. Peter, St. John the Baptist, -and St. Jerome; by Jacobo Palma, senior, -commonly called Old Palma.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the marble table.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The birth of our Saviour, and the adoration -of the shepherds, by Giac. Bassan.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>St. John the Baptist asleep in the desert, -by Andrea del Sarto.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On both sides of it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Two small sea pieces, a port in the Mediterranean, -and a fight with the Turks, -by William Vanderveld, junior.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_87'>87</span>Under them, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>An emblematical picture, representing a -guardian angel pointing out the way -to heaven to a soul, under the figure of -a young girl, by Carlino Dolce.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On both sides of it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Two very highly finished landscapes on -copper, by Salvator Rosa.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the two doors.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of the Duke of Richmond -and Lenox, of the Stuart family, at -whole length, with a dog, by Sir Anthony -Vandyck.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the door to the back parlour.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Vulcan at his forge, with the Cyclops, -by Jacob Jordaans of Antwerp.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over against the windows.</div> - <div>In the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The head of our Saviour crown’d with -thorns, by Ludovico Caracci.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On both sides of that.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Two fruit pieces, by Michael Angelo Pase, -called Michael Angelo del Campidoglio.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under them, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A Bacchanal in two colours, by Rubens.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On both sides of it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A landscape with a robbery, and a battle, -both painted by Giacomo Cortese, commonly -called Il Bourgognone.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_88'>88</span>Under them, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A pretty large landscape and figures of -Dutch boors, by Adrian Van Ostade.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On both sides of it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A stag hunting, and another of hern hawking, -by Philip Woverman.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under them.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Two conversations of boors within doors, -by Adrian Van Ostade.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>In the second parlour.</div> - <div>Over the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Lot and his two daughters, with the city -of Sodom on fire, by Lorenzo Lotti, a -great imitator of Giorgione and Titian.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the closet doors.</div> - <div>Next the window.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The great amphitheatre at Rome, and -other buildings, by Viviano Cadahorra.</p> -<p class='c009'>A sea port with buildings and ruins, by -Salviouch, and the figures by John Miele.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the door to the first parlour.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Omphale the mistress of Hercules, with -the lion’s skin and his club by her, by -Augustin Caracci.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the two other doors.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Two battles in the stile of Bourgognone, -but the hands not certainly known.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>In the passage room.</div> - <div>Over the doors.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A philosopher with a book in his hand, -by Pier Francesco Mola.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_89'>89</span>Mary Magdalen, by Giacinto Brandi.</p> -<p class='c009'>Our Saviour meditating on the sins of the -world, by Giovanni Antonio Regillio, -a competitor of Titian’s, and commonly -called Il Pordenone.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>In the great room.</div> - <div>Over the door at which you go in.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of a young man on wood, by -Andrea del Sarto.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between that door and the window.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The head of St. James the apostle.</p> -<p class='c009'>The head of St. John the evangelist.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>N. B. These two last pictures are by</div> - <div>a hand that is not certainly known.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under them.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A Bacchanal painted on copper, by Cornelius -Polembergh.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the door and the wall.</div> - <div>In the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A pretty large picture of our Saviour and -the Samaritan woman, by Giovanni -Francesco Barbiori da Cento, commonly -called Il Guercino.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On the side towards the door.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The Virgin and Child, by Il Cavalier -Giovanni Lanfranchio.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On the side towards the wall.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Venus dressing, and Cupid holding her -looking-glass, by Paolo Veronese.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under them, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The Virgin and Child, by Raphael de Urbino.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_90'>90</span>On the side towards the door.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The Virgin and Child in the clouds, and -several angels, by Bartolomeo Murillo.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c020'> - <div>On the side towards the wall.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c021'>The Virgin and our Saviour, by Carlo -Cignani.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Next to the door.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The annunciation of the Virgin Mary, -by Paolo Veronese.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Next to the wall.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The birth of our Saviour, &c. by Jacapo -Robusti, commonly called Tintoretto.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Tobit and the angel, by Michael Angelo -Amerighi, commonly called Michael -Angelo Caravaggio.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the wall and the chimney.</div> - <div>In the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of a man, by Antonio Allegri, -commonly called Il Correggio.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Towards the wall.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The head of some Spanish general, by -Giovanni Giachinette, commonly called -Il Bourgognone delle Teste.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Towards the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of the famous Hernando -Cortes, conqueror of Mexico, by Titiano -Vecelli, called Il Titiano.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under them.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A large battle in an oval, painted by -Luca Jordano.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_91'>91</span>Between the chimney and farthest wall.</div> - <div>In the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>St. Sebastian, by Guido Reni.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Next the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of Sir Anthony Vandyck, -painted by himself.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Next to the wall.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of a young girl, with a little -dog asleep in her hands, by Rembrandt -van Rijn.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under them.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A large oval battle, painted by Luca Jordano.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the closet door.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of a man with a book in his -hand, said to be the famous satirist -Berni, by Giorgio Barbarelli, called Il -Giorgione.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the door and the wall.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A she saint, with angels, by Pietro Berettini, -called Pietro Cortona.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A small battle, by Bourgognone.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On both sides of it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Two small pictures, done from the gallery -of Archduke Leopold, the one -from Paris Bourdon, and the other -from young Palma, by David Teniers.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the door and the window.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A large picture, representing our Saviour -at the Pharisee’s house, and Mary Magdalen -<span class='pageno' id='Page_92'>92</span>anointing his feet, with the portrait -of the person for whom it was -painted, as a servant waiting at table, -by Carlo Dolce.</p> -<p class='c014'>N.B. This picture is out of the stile of -Carlo Dolce’s paintings, who never -before attempted so great a subject -and composition; and was done by -him, after the drawing of Ludovico -Cigoli.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portraits of three of Henry the -Seventh’s children, viz. Prince Arthur, -Henry the VIII. and Princess Mary, -who was afterwards Queen of France, -and Duchess of Brandon, by a hand -not certainly known.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On both sides of it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Two pieces of the history of Judith, the -one where she is presented to Holofernes, -and the other where she is entertained -by him at a feast, by Paolo Veronese.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On the <span class='fss'>SECOND FLOOR</span>.</div> - <div>In the dining room.</div> - <div>Over the door as you go into it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A fortune teller, with several figures consulting -him, by Giorgio Barbarelli, -called Il Giorgione.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the door.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The history of Tancred and Erminia, out -<span class='pageno' id='Page_93'>93</span>of Tasso, by Pietro Berettini, called -Pietro de Cortona.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the doors.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A large picture, representing the baptism -of our Saviour by St. John in the river -Jordan, with angels, by Guido Reni.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the wall and middle door.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A Bacchanal, with Silenus and satyrs, by -Jacob Jordaans of Antwerp.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A large landscape, by Claude Gille, commonly -called Claude de Lorraine.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between that door and the wall.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The Virgin and our Saviour, St. John the -Baptist and his lamb, St. Peter, and the -three cardinal virtues, Faith, Charity, -and Hope, by Titiano Vecelli, called Il -Titiano.</p> -<p class='c014'>N.B. This is an emblematical picture, -by which the painter meant to represent -the several virtues that are -necessary to form the character of a -good Christian.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The holy family, by Paolo Veronese; -the saint which is represented in armour, -being the portrait of Paolo himself.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Next to the door.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A landscape and naked figures, by Cornelius -Polembergh.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_94'>94</span>Next to the wall.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The flight into Egypt, by Filippo Lauri.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the wall and chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Scipio and the fair captive at Carthagena, -by Pietro de Cortona.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under that.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A battle, by Giacomo Cortese, called -Il Bourgognone.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the chimney and the window.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The dead body of our Saviour, with the -Virgin Mary, and St. John, by Hannibal -Caracci.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A landscape, representing a temple of -Bacchus, and the sun setting, by Claude -Gille, commonly called Claude de Lorraine.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Dressing room.</div> - <div>Over the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The ordination of St. Dennis, patron -of France, by Eustache le Sueur.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the chimney and the window.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Women at work by candle light, by Giacomo -Bassan.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The annunciation of the blessed Virgin, -with God the Father, and several angels -in the clouds, by Francesco Albani.</p> - -<p class='c009'>N.B. This picture belonged to Pope -Innocent X. as may be seen by his -<span class='pageno' id='Page_95'>95</span>arms on the back side of it; and the -frame, which is of silver, was made -by the famous statuary Alessandro -Algardi.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under that.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>St. Augustine in an ecstasy, contemplating -the mystery of the holy Trinity, and -the incarnation of our Saviour; a very -high finished sketch by Vandyck, of -the finest picture he ever painted, which -is in the church of St. Augustine at -Antwerp.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On both sides, at the top.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A man and a woman smoaking, and a -man and woman drinking, by David -Teniers.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Underneath, on each side.</div> - <div>Next the window.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Cephalus and Procris, by Adam Elsheimer.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Next to the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The will of Eudadimus the Corinthian, -a sketch, by Nicholas Poussin.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the chimney and the wall.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The flight into Egypt, by Il Cavalier Giovanni -Lanfrancho.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of Antonio Caracci, son of -Augustino, by Annibal Caracci.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under that.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A garland of flowers, painted on looking -glass, by Old Baptiste.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_96'>96</span>On both sides at top.</div> - <div>Next the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A satyr squeezing grapes, with a tyger -and leopard, by Rubens.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Next the wall.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Cupid shaving his bow, and two other -little Cupids, by Parmegiano.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under them.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Dutch boors in a fury against the Spaniards, -by Pieter Bruegel, and a barber -surgeon’s shop, with a cat and monkies, -by David Teniers.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over against the windows.</div> - <div>In the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>St. Francis Xavier dying in an island on -the coast of China, by Carlo Maratti.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On both sides of it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Two sea pieces, by William Vanderveld, jun.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under them, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The Virgin and Child, St. Joseph, St. -Anne, and St. Catherine, by John -Abeyk, commonly called John of -Bruges.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On both sides of it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Four pieces of the history of Judith and -Holofernes, by Paolo Veronese.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under them, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The martyrdom of the Innocents on copper, -by Alessandro Turchi.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_97'>97</span>On both sides of it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A small battle piece, by Bourgognone.</p> -<p class='c009'>A march of soldiers, by the same.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the door to the dining room.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of Cosmus the 3<i>d.</i> Duke -of Florence, when a child, by Giustus -Subtermans.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the two other doors.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Our Saviour breaking the bread, and -blessing the cup, and St. Bruno founder -of the order of Carthusians, both of -them by Carlo Dolce.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the two doors.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The marriage of Jacob, by Ciro Ferri.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The Virgin and our Saviour in the clouds, -and the several saints, patrons of the -city of Bologna, by Guido Reni.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under that.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The nativity of our Saviour, by young -Palma.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over against the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A large landscape, with the baptism of -Queen Candace’s eunuch by St. Philip, -by John Both.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it, in the middle.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The inside of a church, by Henry Stenwix, -and the figures by Velvet Brughell.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under each corner of it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Two little round pictures, one of them -<span class='pageno' id='Page_98'>98</span>being the head of Mary Magdalen, and -the other that of our Saviour crown’d -with thorns; both of them by Francesco -Albani.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under them.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The shipwreck of St. Paul on the island -of Malta, by Adam Elsheimer.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On each side of it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Two small landscapes on copper, by John -Brughell, commonly call’d the Velvet -Brughell.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>On both sides of them.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The martyrdom of St. Laurence, by Titiano -Vecelli, commonly called Il Titiano; -and St. Sebastian, and other -saints, by Filippo Lauri.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the door and the window.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The education of Bacchus, by Simon -Vouet.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The Virgin and our Saviour, and several -saints, by Ludovico Caracci.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under that.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The judgment of Paris, by Giovanni Rottenhammer, -the landscape by Paul Brill.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Between the windows over the glass.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A portrait of a Dominican friar, by -Giovanni Lanfrancho.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>In the passage room, over the doors.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of Don Antonio de Leyva, -General to Charles the Fifth, who -<span class='pageno' id='Page_99'>99</span>took Francis the First prisoner at the -battle of Pavia. By Il Dosso di Ferrara.</p> -<p class='c009'>The portrait of Charles Lewis, the eldest -Prince Palatine, by Vandyke.</p> -<p class='c009'>The portrait of the Lady Anne Carre, -Countess of Bedford, by the same.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Our Saviour carried before Pontius Pilate, -in water colours, by Lucas of Leyden.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>In the bedchamber, over the door.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of a man in a ruff, by -Rubens.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A large picture of a curtain, carpet, fruit, -&c. by the Maltese, and Mich. Angelo -del Campidoglio.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>In the closet.</div> - <div>Over the chimney.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A copy of Raphael’s picture of the Madonna -della Seggiola in the palace of -Pitti, at Florence.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Under it.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A small flower piece on copper, by Velvet -Brughell.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the little closet door.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The portrait of Sir Paul Methuen when -a boy.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>Over the door next the window.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>The picture of a woman, &c. by Albert -Durer.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_100'>100</span>Over the bedchamber door.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>A man’s head, by Tintoretto, said to be -that of the famous Andrea Vesalio.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grove</span> <i>street</i>, Hackney.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grub</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Fore street, Cripplegate. 2. -Market street, Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Grub’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Whitechapel.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gubbins</span>, or <span class='sc'>Gobions</span>, near North Mims -in Hertfordshire, had its name from its -ancient Lord Sir Richard Gobion. In the -reign of Henry VII. it belonged to the -family of the Mores, when it was called -More Hall; but on the attainder of the -great Sir Thomas More, Lord High Chancellor -of England, it was forfeited to the -Crown, and settled on the Princess, afterwards -Queen Elizabeth, who held it till -her death. It afterwards came into the -possession of several families, and was at -length purchased by the late Sir Jeremy -Sambroke. The manor house and gardens -are very beautiful.</p> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i115.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>Guild Hall.</i><br /><i>S. Wale delin.</i> <i>B. Green sc. Oxon.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c008'><span class='sc'>Guildhall</span>, at the north end of King -street, Cheapside, is the hall for holding -the courts, and transacting the business -of the city. The old hall in Aldermanbury -being fallen to decay, the present -structure was begun in the year 1411, -upon a larger and more noble plan, and -ten years were employed in compleating -it. The executors of the famous Richard -<span class='pageno' id='Page_101'>101</span>Whittington, long celebrated in song, -gave a Purbeck pavement to the hall, and -glazed some of the windows, on every -one of which Whittington’s arms are -placed; others of the Aldermen glazed -different windows, and had also their -arms painted on the glass.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The hall being however much damaged -by the fire of London in 1666, was -repaired and beautified two years after, at -the expence of 2500<i>l.</i> in so effectual a -manner, that it has stood till this time.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The entrance has a stately Gothic frontispiece, -with the King’s arms under a -cornice, pediment and vase; under which -are niches; and in the middle of the front -are the following words done in gold:</p> - -<p class='c010'><i>Reparata & ornate Thoma Rawlinson, -Milit. Majore, An. Dom.</i> MDCCVI.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c011'> - <div>That is,</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c010'>Repaired and adorned in the year 1706, -during the Mayoralty of Thomas Rawlinson.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Over the gate is a balcony, above which -are placed in niches on each side, the -figures of Moses and Aaron; and in -niches on each side of the gate below, the -four cardinal virtues; also under the balcony -are depicted the arms of twenty-four -companies.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On entering this Gothic arch, you -<span class='pageno' id='Page_102'>102</span>come into the hall, which is one hundred -and fifty-three feet long, forty-eight feet -broad, and fifty-five feet high. The roof is -flat, and divided into panels; the walls -on the north and south sides are adorned -with four Gothic demi-pillars, painted -white with blue veins, and gilt capitals, -upon which are the royal arms, and those -of Edward the Confessor.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Nearly fronting the gate, are nine or -ten steps, leading to the Lord Mayor’s -court, over which is a balcony supported -at each end by four iron pillars in the -form of palm trees; by these is a small -enclosure on each side on the top of the -steps, used on some occasions as offices -for clerks to write in, each being just sufficient -to hold one person. Under these -are two prisons called Little Ease, from the -lowness of the ceiling, by which prisoners -were obliged to sit on the floor; these -prisons are intended for city apprentices, -who upon complaint and a strict examination -into the offence, were sometimes -committed thither by the Chamberlain, -whose office is at the right hand at the -head of the steps. In the front of this -balcony is a clock, on the frame of which -is carved the four cardinal virtues, with the -figure of Time, on the top, and a cock on -each side of him. But the most extraordinary -<span class='pageno' id='Page_103'>103</span>figures are yet behind; these are -two monstrous giants which stand on the -outside of the balcony close to the wall, -one on each side: they have black and -bushy beards; one holds an halbert, and -the other a ball set round with spikes, -hanging by a chain to a long staff. These -absurd ornaments, which Mr. Strype supposes -were designed to represent an ancient -Briton and a Saxon, are painted, as -if to give them the greater appearance of -life, and render them more formidable to -children.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Round the hall are hung up, the standards -and colours taken from the French, -at the battle of Ramilies. At the east -end are the King’s arms between the -pictures of his present Majesty King -George II. and Queen Caroline; close by -the first is Queen Anne, and by the last -his late Majesty King George I. and at -the same end of the hall, but on the north -and south sides, are the pictures of King -William III. and Queen Mary fronting -each other. The hall is likewise adorned -with the portraits of eighteen Judges, -put up by the city as a testimony of -public gratitude for their signal services, -in determining the differences which -arose between landlords and tenants, -without the expence of law suits, on rebuilding -<span class='pageno' id='Page_104'>104</span>the city after the fire. These -Judges are all painted at full length in -their scarlet gowns; and in the Lord -Mayor’s court there are the portraits of -five other Judges painted in the same -manner.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On the east end of the hall is held the -court of Hustings weekly, and occasionally -that of the Exchequer; and before the -Hustings is held the court of Conscience. -At the west end is held alternately the -Sheriff’s court for the Poultry and Wood -street counters. Opposite to the Chamberlain’s -office, already mentioned, as -situated up the steps underneath the -giants, is the office of Auditors of the -city accounts, within which is the Lord -Mayor’s court office, where the Lord -Chief Justice occasionally sits in trials by -<i>nisi prius</i>. On the west side of the Mayor’s -court office is the court of Orphans, -where the Lord Chief Justice of the Common -Pleas occasionally sits. Adjoining -to this court on the north, is the old -council chamber, now used by the Commissioners -of bankrupts. Contiguous to -it is the new council chamber. Beneath -the Mayor’s court is the Town Clerk’s -office, where are deposited the city archives. -To the east and north are the -residences of the Chamberlain and Town -<span class='pageno' id='Page_105'>105</span>Clerk; near which are two rooms wherein -the business of bankrupts are dispatched. -Contiguous to the north west is the -kitchen; in the porch is the Comptroller’s -office, and over it the Irish chamber. -Over the piazzas on the west, are the -common Serjeant’s, Remembrancer’s, and -city Solicitor’s offices. See an account of -each of these courts under the articles, <i>Court -of</i> <span class='sc'>Common Council</span>. <i>Lord</i> <span class='sc'>Mayor’s</span> -<i>Court</i>. <i>Court of</i> <span class='sc'>Hustings</span>, &c.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Guildhall is at the end of a tolerable -vista, which shews the building to some -advantage, though the Gothic front has -nothing very extraordinary in it. The -hall within is a fine one, but the entrance -would have been better at the lower end -than in the middle, for by this means all -the beauty of the perspective is lost. The -ascent of steps across the hall not being -opposite the gate, as it ought to have -been, is another material defect. A noble -front in the situation of Guildhall, would -have had an advantage hardly to be met -with elsewhere, and give an architect a -fine opportunity of displaying his genius. -But the present front is full of little parts -which have no effect at a distance.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Guildhall</span> <i>alley</i>, Basinghall street, leading -to Guildhall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Guildhall Chapel</span>, situated between -<span class='pageno' id='Page_106'>106</span>Blackwell hall, and Guildhall, was founded -in the year 1299, dedicated to St. Mary -Magdalen and All Saints, and called London -College. A chantry was founded -in this chapel for four chaplains, and -lands and tenements left for their support. -It was rebuilt in the reign of Henry VI. -and received new endowments: but at -the suppression of religious houses it reverted -to the Crown, and was bought of -King Edward VI. with other lands and -tenements, for the sum of 456<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i> -and the city holds it in soccage of the -manor of Greenwich. It was defaced, -but not burnt down by the fire of London -in 1666, and has been since repaired.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This edifice is perfectly in the Gothic -taste. In several niches are set the figures -in stone of King Edward VI. of Queen -Elizabeth, with a phœnix under her; -and of King Charles I. treading on a -globe. The windows are extremely large, -and on the inside the walls are hung with -tapestry. Over the Aldermen’s seats there -is a wainscot covering, and a particular -seat for the Lord Mayor, adorned with -cartouches. There is a gallery at the -west end, a handsome wainscot pulpit and -desk, and a neat altar piece inclosed with -rails and banisters.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On the south side of this chapel was -<span class='pageno' id='Page_107'>107</span>formerly a library belonging to Guildhall -and the College. But it is said that -in the reign of King Edward VI. -Edward Duke of Somerset, then Lord -Protector, sent for the books with a promise -of returning them shortly; upon -which three carriages were loaded with -them; but they being never returned, -the room has been long made a storehouse -for cloths.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Guildhall</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. King street, Cheapside.☐ -2. King street, Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Guilford</span>, or <span class='sc'>Guildford</span>, a considerable -borough in Surry, situated on the river -Wey, thirty miles from London, and governed -by a Mayor, Recorder, and Aldermen. -Here the assizes are sometimes -held, and always elections for members -of parliament, the town itself returning -two. Not far from the town are the -ruinous wails of an old castle, this having -been in the Saxon times a royal villa, -where many of our Kings long after kept -their festivals. Here were formerly two -or three convents, one of which was not -long ago the seat of Daniel Coswall, Esq; -and had a delightful park adjoining to it. -There were also three churches in the -town; but one of them fell down in the -year 1740. Here is a charity school -founded by King Edward VI. and an almshouse -<span class='pageno' id='Page_108'>108</span>founded by George Abbot, Archbishop -of Canterbury, who endowed it -with lands worth 300<i>l.</i> a year, 100<i>l.</i> of -which he ordered to be employed in setting -the poor at work, and the other -200<i>l.</i> he allotted for the maintenance of -a master, twelve brethren, and eight sisters, -who are to have 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> a week: -the Archbishop’s birth day is annually -commemorated in it; and the Archbishop -of Canterbury is its visitor. There are -here likewise two charity schools for thirty -boys, and twenty girls; and a fine circular -course for horse races, which begin -when the Newmarket races are ended. -Guilford had formerly a considerable manufacture -of cloth, of which there are still -some remains. The great road from -Chichester and Portsmouth lies through -the town, which has been always famous -for good inns, the cleanest of linen, and -other excellent accommodations; and as -the river Wey is made navigable to this -town, a great quantity of timber is carried -down it to London, not only from -this neighbourhood, but from the Sussex -and Hampshire woods, above thirty miles -off, from whence it is brought to Guilford -in the summer by land carriage.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The road from hence to Farnham is -very remarkable, for it runs along the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_109'>109</span>ridge of a high chalky hill, no wider -than the road itself, and the declivity begins -on either hand, at the edge that -bounds the highway, and is very steep -and high. From this hill is a surprizing -prospect; to the north and north west -over Bagshot Heath; to the south east -into Sussex, almost to the South Downs; -and to the west it is so unbounded that -the view is only terminated by the horizon. -On this hill, which is called St. -Catharine’s, stands the gallows in such a -position, that the town’s people of Guilford -may, from the High street, sit at -their shop doors and see the criminals -executed.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Guillam’s</span> <i>wharf</i>, St. Catharine’s.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gullyhole</span> <i>alley</i>, Wheeler street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gulston’s</span> <i>square</i>, Gulston’s street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gulston’s</span> <i>street</i>, Whitechapel.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gum</span> <i>alley</i>, Barnaby street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gummery’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Dorset street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gun</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Barnaby street.* 2. Little -Moorfields.* 3. St. John’s street, West -Smithfield.* 4. Wapping.* 5. Well -street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gun</span> <i>dock</i>, Wapping.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gun-house</span> <i>stairs</i>, near Vauxhall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gun</span> <i>lane</i>, Three Colts street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gunpowder</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Poor Jury lane. 2. -Shoe lane.</p> - -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_110'>110</span> -<img src='images/i127.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>Gunnersbury.</i><br /><i>S. Wale delin.</i> <i>B. Green sculp.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gunnersbury House</span>, near Ealing, a -noble and elegant structure, built by Inigo -Jones, or, as some say, by Mr. Web, who -was son-in-law to Inigo Jones. Indeed -the architecture shews that if the plan -was not drawn by that celebrated architect -himself, it was designed by some of -his scholars, for the building has that -majestic boldness and simplicity which -grace all the works of that excellent artist. -It is situated on a rising ground; -the approach to it from the garden is -remarkably fine. The loggia has a -beautiful appearance at a distance, and -commands a fine prospect of the county -of Surry, the river of Thames, and of -all the meadows on its banks for some -miles, and in clear weather of even the -city of London.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The apartments are extremely convenient -and well contrived. The hall, which -is large and spacious, is on each side supported -by rows of columns, and from -thence you ascend by a noble flight of stairs -to a saloon, which is a double cube of -twenty-five feet high, and most elegantly -furnished. This fine room has an entrance -into the portico on the back front, -which is supported by columns, and from -the finest of the prospect over the Thames, -is a delightful place to sit in, during the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_111'>111</span>afternoon in the summer season; for it -being contrived to face the south east, the -sun never shines on it after two o’clock; -but extending its beams over the country, -enlivens the beautiful landscape that lies -before this part of the edifice. On entering -the garden from the house, you -ascend a noble terrace, which affords a delightful -view of the neighbouring country; -and from this terrace, which extends the -whole breadth of the garden, you descend -by a beautiful flight of steps, with a grand -balustrade on each side. But the gardens -are laid out too plain, having the walls -in view on every side. This was the -house of the late Henry Furnesse, Esq; -who had a fine collection of pictures in it.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gunsmiths</span>, a company incorporated by -letters patent, granted by King Charles I. -in the year 1638. This fraternity consists -of a Master, two Wardens, and eighteen -Assistants; but has neither livery nor hall. -<i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gun</span> <i>street</i>, Artillery lane, Spitalfields.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gun</span> <i>wharf</i>, 1. Near Battle bridge.* 2. -Wapping Dock.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Gun</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Bishopsgate street without.* -2. Houndsditch.* 3. Maiden lane, Southwark.* -4. Pepper alley.* 5. Petticoat -lane.* 6. Rosemary lane.* 7. Sugar -Loaf alley, Moor lane.* 8. Tower ditch.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_112'>112</span><span class='sc'>Gutter</span> <i>lane</i>, Cheapside, originally called -Guthurn lane, from Guthurn, the owner -thereof. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Guttige’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Whitechapel.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Guy of Warwick’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Duke street.* -2. Upper Ground.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Guy’s</span> <i>court</i>, Playhouse passage, Drury lane.†</p> - -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i131.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>Guy’s Hospital.</i><br /><i>S. Wale delin.</i> <i>B. Green sc. Oxon.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Guy’s Hospital</span>, in Southwark, for the -cure of sick and lame persons, was founded -by Mr. Thomas Guy, a citizen and -bookseller of London, who from a small -beginning amassed an immense fortune, -by his industry and frugality; and more -particularly by purchasing seamen’s tickets -in the reign of Queen Anne; and by -his success in buying and selling South -Sea stock in the year 1720. He was -never married, and had no near relations; -and therefore towards the close of his -life, considering how he should dispose of -his wealth, after many ruminations, resolved -to be the founder of the most extensive -charity ever established by one -man. He was seventy-six years of age -when he took this resolution, and having -no time to lose, immediately took of the -President and Governors of St. Thomas’s -hospital in Southwark, a lease of a piece -of ground opposite to that hospital, for -the term of nine hundred and ninety-nine -years, for a ground rent of 30<i>l.</i> a year; -<span class='pageno' id='Page_113'>113</span>and as this was covered with small houses -that were old and ill tenanted, he immediately -gave the inhabitants notice of his -intention, and when they had removed -their effects, pulled down the buildings -in the year 1721, and proceeding with -all the expedition of a youth of fortune -erecting a house for his own residence; -he caused the foundation of the intended -hospital to be laid the following spring, -and this vast fabric was roofed before the -death of the founder, which happened -on the 27th of December 1724.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The only motive that induced Mr. Guy -to erect this hospital in so low and close -a situation, was his design of putting it -under the management and direction of -the Governors of that of St. Thomas. -But by the advice of his friends he altered -his resolution; it was then however -too late to think of chusing another situation, -for the building was raised to the -second story, but he rendered the place as -agreeable as possible by its elevation above -the neighbouring streets.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The expence of erecting and furnishing -this hospital amounted to the sum of -18,793<i>l.</i> 16<i>s.</i> great part of which he expended -in his life time; and the sum he -left to endow it, amounted to 219,499<i>l.</i> -both together amounting to 238,292<i>l.</i> 16<i>s.</i> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_114'>114</span>a much larger sum than was ever before -left in this kingdom by one single person -to charitable uses.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The edifice is situated at a small distance -from the foot of London bridge, and -consists of two quadrangles, besides what -the print exhibits, which is intended -when the old buildings are removed to be -made regular. At your approach, which -is a very narrow street, you first see the -side of the square, which is very elegant, -and a noble iron gate, with very handsome -piers, but are much disappointed -when you come nearer, to find the most -contemptible front you can imagine. The -whole side could not be represented in -the print, as there was not distance in -the street to bring it into the visual angle. -The iron gates open into a square, in the -middle of which is a brazen statue of the -founder, by Mr. Scheemakers, dress’d in -his livery gown, very well executed.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the front of the pedestal is this inscription:</p> - -<p class='c010'><span class='sc'>Thomas Guy sole founder of -this hospital in his life time. -A.D. MDCCXXI.</span></p> - -<p class='c010'>On the west side of the pedestal is represented -in basso relievo, the parable of -the good Samaritan; on the south side is -<span class='pageno' id='Page_115'>115</span>Mr. Guy’s arms; and on that side of the -pedestal facing the east, is our Saviour -healing the impotent man.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The superstructure of this hospital has -three floors besides the garrets, and the -same construction runs through the whole -building, which is so extensive as to contain -twelve wards, in which are four -hundred and thirty-five beds; and in -short the whole has a plainness that becomes -the nature of the institution, and -at the same time a regularity that does -some honour to the builder, the whole -being disposed for the mutual accommodation -of the sick, and of those who attend -them.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Soon after Mr. Guy’s decease, his executors, -pursuant to his last will, applied -to parliament to get themselves, and fifty-one -other gentlemen nominated by the -founder, to be incorporated Governors of -the intended hospital; upon which all these -gentlemen were constituted a body politic -and corporate, by the name of the President -and Governors of this hospital: -they were to have perpetual succession and -a common seal, with the power of possessing -the real and personal estates of the -late Thomas Guy, Esq; for the purposes -of the will, and to purchase in perpetuity, -or for any term of years, any other -<span class='pageno' id='Page_116'>116</span>estate whatsoever, not exceeding 12,000<i>l.</i> -a year.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This corporation was no sooner established -by parliament, than the President -and Governors set heartily about the work, -by finishing and furnishing the hospital, -chusing their officers and servants, and -taking in patients, whose number at first -amounted to 402. For the more effectual -preventing inferior servants preying upon -poor patients, or their friends, they resolved -to give them handsome salaries, -and the following were appointed and -are still given.</p> -<table class='table1' summary=''> -<colgroup> -<col width='81%' /> -<col width='18%' /> -</colgroup> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>The Treasurer</td> - <td class='c019'>00 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>His Clerk</td> - <td class='c019'>40 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Steward</td> - <td class='c019'>80 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Chaplain</td> - <td class='c019'>80 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Two Physicians, 40<i>l.</i> each</td> - <td class='c019'>80 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Apothecary</td> - <td class='c019'>80 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Apothecary’s two servants</td> - <td class='c019'>78 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Surgeryman</td> - <td class='c019'>30 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Butler, with his horse</td> - <td class='c019'>67 2 8</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Cook and her servant</td> - <td class='c019'>32 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Porter</td> - <td class='c019'>35 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Beadle</td> - <td class='c019'>30 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Matron</td> - <td class='c019'>50 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Eleven sisters, 25<i>l.</i> each</td> - <td class='c019'>275 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Eight nurses, 16<i>l.</i> each</td> - <td class='c019'>128 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'>Twelve watch-women, 10<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i> each</td> - <td class='c019'>124 16 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c022'><span class='pageno' id='Page_117'>117</span>One brother belonging to the lunatics</td> - <td class='c019'>35 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='bbt c022'>One sister belonging to the lunatics</td> - <td class='bbt c019'>25 0 0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c023'>Sum total,</td> - <td class='c019'>1349 18 8</td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p class='c024'>These officers and servants are chosen -by the sixty Governors, who have carried -on this noble charity in such a manner as -to restore ease and health to many thousands -of their fellow subjects.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Besides which the out-patients who receive -medicines gratis, frequently amount -to about 1600 in a year.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Before we conclude this article, it may -be proper to mention some other particulars -relating to Mr. Guy, in order to do -justice to the character of that great benefactor -to the public, by which the reader -will see the little foundation there is for -the general opinion of his being remarkable -for nothing more than his parsimony -and avarice. He was a patron of liberty -and of the rights of his fellow subjects, -which, to his great honour, he strenuously -asserted in several parliaments, whereof -he was a member for the borough of -Tamworth in Staffordshire, the place of -his birth. To this town he was a general -benefactor; and early in his life he -<span class='pageno' id='Page_118'>118</span>not only contributed towards the relief of -private families in distress, but erected an -almshouse, with a library, in that borough, -for the reception of fourteen poor men -and women, to whom he allowed a certain -pension during his life, and at his -death he bequeathed the annual sum of -125<i>l.</i> towards their future support, and -for putting out children apprentices, &c.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the year 1701 Mr. Guy built and -furnished at his own expence, three -wards on the north side of the outer court -of St. Thomas’s hospital, and gave to -those wards 100<i>l.</i> a year, for eleven -years immediately preceding the foundation -of his hospital. Some time before -his death, he removed the frontispiece -of St. Thomas’s hospital, which -stood over the gateway in the Borough, -and erected it in the place where it -now stands, fronting the street: he also -enlarged the gateway; rebuilt the two -large houses on its sides, and erected -the fine iron gate between them, all at -the expence of 3000<i>l.</i> To many of his -relations he gave while living, a settled -allowance of 10 or 20<i>l.</i> a year; and -to others money to advance them in -the world. At his death, he left to his -poor aged relations the sum of 870<i>l.</i> -a year during their life; and among his -<span class='pageno' id='Page_119'>119</span>younger relations, who were very numerous, -and his executors, he left the sum -of 75,589<i>l.</i> He left the Governors of -Christ’s hospital a perpetual annuity of -400<i>l.</i> for taking in four children annually, -at the nomination of the Governors; -and bequeathed 1000<i>l.</i> for discharging -poor prisoners within the city of -London, and the counties of Middlesex -and Surry, who could be released for the -sum of 5<i>l.</i> by which sum, and the good -management of his executors, there were -above 600 poor persons set at liberty, -from the several prisons within the bills -of mortality. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Guy’s</span> <i>yard</i>. Vinegar yard, Drury lane.†</p> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i139.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c007'>H.</h2> -</div> -<p class='c008'><span class='sc'>Haberdasher</span> <i>square</i>, Grub street, -Fore street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Haberdashers</span>, one of the twelve principal -companies, was indifferently called -Hurrers and Milliners; the latter from -the merchandize in which they chiefly -dealt, which came from the city of Milan -in Italy: but they were incorporated by -letters patent granted by King Henry VI. -in the year 1407, by the style of <i>The</i> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_120'>120</span><i>fraternity of St. Catharine the Virgin, of -the Haberdashers of the city of London</i>. -But at present they are denominated <i>The -Master and four Wardens of the fraternity -of the art or mystery of Haberdashers</i>.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This company is governed by a Master, -four Wardens, and ninety-three Assistants, -with a livery of 342 members, who -upon their admission pay a fine of 5<i>l.</i> -<i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Haberdashers</span> <i>Almshouse</i> at Hoxton. See -<span class='sc'>Aske’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Haberdashers Hall</span>, situated on the -north side of Maiden lane, is a good brick -building, and the room called the hall is -very neat and lofty. It is paved with marble -and Purbeck stone, wainscoted about -twelve feet high; and the screen at the -west end, where are two arched apertures, -is adorned with pilasters of the -Corinthian order.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hacket</span> <i>court</i>, Coleman street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hackney</span>, a village in Middlesex, on the -north east side of London, is a very large -and populous village, inhabited by such -numbers of merchants and wealthy persons, -that it is said there are near -an hundred gentlemen’s coaches kept. -The parish has several hamlets belonging -to it, among which are Clapton on -<span class='pageno' id='Page_121'>121</span>the north, Dorleston and Shacklewell on -the west, and Hummerton, which leads -to Hackney Marsh, on the east. In this -village are two meeting houses, viz. a -new Presbyterian meeting near the church, -and an Independent meeting in Mare -street: besides a Presbyterian meeting -house at Clapton, There are also here six -boarding schools, a free school, a charity -school, and several almshouses.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Hackney church was a distinct rectory -and vicarage in the year 1292, and dedicated -to St. Augustine; but the Knights -Templars having obtained a mill and -other possessions in the parish, they -were, upon the suppression of their order, -granted to the Knights Templars of St. -John of Jerusalem, from whom the -church is supposed to have received the -present appellation of St. John: however, -it was not presented to by that name till -after the year 1660. It is in the gift of -Mr. Tyson, Lord of the manor, but -in ecclesiastical affairs is subject to the -Bishop of London. <i>Maitland.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>At the bottom of Hackney Marsh there -have been discovered within these few -years, the remains of a great stone causeway, -which by the Roman coins found -there, appears to have been one of the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_122'>122</span>famous highways made by the Romans. -<i>English Gazetteer.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hackney Coaches.</span> The village of -Hackney being anciently celebrated for -the numerous seats of the nobility and -gentry it contained, this occasioned a -great resort thither of persons of all ranks -from the city of London, whereby so -great a number of horses were daily hired -in the city on that account, that at length -all horses to be lett received the common -appellation of Hackney horses; which denomination -has since been communicated -to public coaches and chairs.</p> - -<p class='c010'>’Tis observable that so lately as the year -1625, there were not above twenty hackney -coaches in the city of London and -the adjacent parts; and that these did not -ply in the streets as at present; but those -who had occasion for them sent for them -from the stables where they stood: but in -1635, the number of these coaches being -greatly increased, they plied in the -streets, which being then much narrower -in many parts of London than at present, -the common passages were obstructed -and rendered dangerous; and it -was alledged, that by this great increase, -the price of hay and other provender -was much enhanced. Upon this a proclamation -<span class='pageno' id='Page_123'>123</span>was published by his Majesty -King Charles I. on the 19th of January, -strictly commanding, that after the 24th -of June following, no hackney coach -should be used within the city and suburbs -of London, except for carrying -of people to and from their habitations in -the country: and that no person whatsoever -should be allowed to keep a coach -in this city, except such persons as were -capable of keeping four able horses fit -for his Majesty’s service, which were at -all times to be ready when called for, under -a severe penalty. However in 1654, -Cromwell published an ordinance, by which -he ordered that the hackney coaches, -which he limited to two hundred, should -be under the care and government of the -court of the Lord Mayor and Aldermen. -And in 1662 it was enabled by parliament, -that all the hackney coaches, which -then amounted to four hundred, should -annually pay the sum of 5<i>l.</i> each towards -the charge of paving and cleaning -the streets of London and Westminster. -Since which time the number of hackney -coaches has been augmented to eight hundred, -and both they and the hackney, -chairs put under the government of the -Hackney coach office. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_124'>124</span><span class='sc'>Hackney Coach</span> <i>Office</i>, in Surry street in -the Strand, was erected according to an -act of parliament passed in the year 1696, -for licensing hackney coaches and chairs, -and to put them under the government -of five Commissioners, who have a salary -of 150<i>l.</i> a year each. The number of -coaches is limited to eight hundred; out -of which two hundred are to ply every -Sunday in their turn, on the forfeiture -of 5<i>l.</i> for every coachman who plies -out of his turn.</p> - -<p class='c010'>For the better government of these -coaches and chairs, and preventing the -drivers and owners imposing on those who -employ them, each coach has its respective -number on a tin plate fixed on each -side. The price of each licence is 50<i>l.</i> -no person is allowed to have more than -two licences, and every proprietor pays -5<i>s.</i> a week by monthly payments, to -the receiver of the office. A hackney -coachman plying without a licence, using -another’s figure, or defacing his own, forfeits -5<i>l.</i> And no horse, mare, or gelding, -under fourteen hands high, is to be used -in drawing hackney coaches.</p> - -<p class='c010'>If any coachman abuses a passenger; -exacts more for his fare than he ought -to receive; or refuses to go at the following -<span class='pageno' id='Page_125'>125</span>rates, whether by day or night, -foul or fair weather; upon complaint belong -made to the Commissioners, and the -number of the coach delivered in, such -coachman will be summoned to appear, -and fined for each offence twenty or forty -shillings, according to the nature of his -crime.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c025'> - <div>Rates of Hackney Coachmen.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='lg-container-l c011'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>For a day of twelve hours, 10<i>s.</i></div> - <div class='line'>For one hour, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></div> - <div class='line'>For every hour after the first, 1<i>s.</i></div> - <div class='line'>For any distance nor exceeding a mile and a half, 1<i>s.</i></div> - <div class='line'>For any distance not exceeding two miles, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c014'>For the better ascertaining the fares between -the most remarkable places of -this city and suburbs, the Commissioners -of the Hackney Coach office -have caused the distance between the -following parts to be measured, and -the several rates fixed accordingly.</p> -<p class='c026'>Rates for Hackney Coaches, one shilling.</p> -<p class='c014'>From any of the Inns to Court to any -part of St. James’s or Westminster, -except beyond Tothill street.</p> -<p class='c014'>From any of the Inns of Court, or thereabouts, -to the Royal Exchange.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Westminster Hall to Marlborough -street, Albemarle street, Bolton street, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_126'>126</span>Bloomsbury square, Soho square, or -Little Queen street, Holborn.</p> -<p class='c014'>From St. James’s gate to Queen Anne’s -square, Westminster; or the nearest -corner of Red Lion square.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Golden square to Red Lion square.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the Haymarket play house to Red -Lion square, Queen’s square Westminster, -Thavies Inn, or Bloomsbury square.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Guildhall to Red Lion square.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the upper end of Fetter lane, Holborn, -to Aldgate.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the Royal Exchange to Hoxton -square.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Newgate to the middle of Greek -street near Soho square.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the Bridge foot, Southwark, to Sir -William Walworth’s Head at Walworth.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Gray’s Inn gate to Sadler’s Wells -near Islington.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Covent garden to Clerkenwell -church.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Temple Bar to Billingsgate.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Aldgate to Shadwell church.</p> - -<p class='c026'>Rates for Hackney Coaches, eighteen pence.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Drury lane play house to Queen -square, Westminster.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Westminster Hall to St. Paul’s.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Westminster Hall to Queen square, -Red Lion fields.</p> -<p class='c014'><span class='pageno' id='Page_127'>127</span>From St. James’s gate to Hatton garden.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the New Exchange in the Strand to -the Royal Exchange.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the Haymarket play house to Hatton -garden.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Red Lion square to Westminster hall.</p> -<p class='c014'>From any of the Inns of Court to the -Tower, Aldgate, Bishopsgate street, or -thereabouts.</p> -<p class='c014'>From St. James’s to Marybone church.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the Royal Exchange to Bloomsbury -square.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the Royal Exchange to the watch -house at Mile-end.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the outside of Aldgate to Stepney -church.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Bedford street, Covent garden, to -Coleman street.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Bread street to Hoxton square.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the middle of Broad street to Hart -street, Bloomsbury.</p> -<p class='c014'>From St. Martin’s lane in the Strand to -Gold street, by Wood street.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the middle of Gracechurch street to -Somerset house.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Guildhall to Brownlow street, Drury -lane.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the Royal Exchange to Newington -church, Surry.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Covent garden to the Royal Exchange.</p> -<p class='c014'><span class='pageno' id='Page_128'>128</span>From Stocks market to Charing Cross.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Aldgate to Ratcliff Cross.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hackney Chairmen</span>, are subject to the -same regulations as the Hackney Coachmen; -and if they behave ill, any person -may have them fined or punished by producing -the number of the chair, and -making complaint at the Hackney Coach -office in Surry street. The only difference -between them and the Hackney Coachmen -is, that they are obliged to go the -same distance for eighteen pence, which -the coachmen perform for a shilling; they -are to take no more than one shilling for -any distance not exceeding a mile; and -no more than eighteen pence for any distance -not exceeding a mile and a half.</p> -<p class='c009'>Rates for Hackney Chairmen, one shilling.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Westminster to Covent garden, or -Exeter Exchange.</p> -<p class='c014'>From St. James’s gate through the Park -to Westminster Hall.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the Haymarket play house to the -entrance of Lincoln’s Inn fields.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the Haymarket play house to Bolton -street.</p> -<p class='c014'>From St. James’s gate to Somerset house.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Somerset house to the upper end of -Hatton garden.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the Haymarket play house to Soho -square.</p> -<p class='c014'><span class='pageno' id='Page_129'>129</span>From the nearest corner of Golden square -to Drury lane play house.</p> -<p class='c009'>Rates for Hackney Chairmen, eighteen pence.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Westminster Hall to Marlborough -street, Soho square, Bolton street, or -Temple Bar.</p> -<p class='c014'>From St. James’s gate to Queen Anne’s -square, Westminster.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Golden square to Red Lion square.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Red Lion square to the Haymarket -play house.</p> -<p class='c014'>From Queen’s square to the Haymarket -play house.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the Haymarket play house to -Bloomsbury square.</p> -<p class='c014'>From the Haymarket play house to Gray’s -Inn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hackney</span> <i>road</i>, near Shoreditch.☐</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hagle’s</span> <i>court</i>, Silver street, Tooley street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hains’s</span> <i>court</i>; Swallow street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hairbrain’d</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Blue Anchor yard, -Rosemary lane.‖ 2. Scotland yard.‖</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Halbourn</span> <i>yard</i>, Mews, Duke street, Piccadilly.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Halfmoon</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Bishopsgate street without.* -2. By the Halfmoon tavern, Cheapside.* -3. Green Bank, Wapping.* 4. -Grub street, Fore street.* 5. Jewin street, -Aldersgate street.* 6. Little Bartholomew -close, leading to the Halfmoon tavern. -7. Little Moorfields.* 8. Saltpetre Bank.* -<span class='pageno' id='Page_130'>130</span>9. Seven Stars alley, Golden lane.* 10. -Whitechapel.* 11. Whitecross street, -Cripplegate.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Halfmoon</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. -Bow lane.* 3. Hermitage, Wapping.* -4. Long alley, Moorfields.* 5. Ludgate -hill.* 6. Portpool lane.* 7. Saltpetre -Bank.* 8. Wiltshire lane.* 9. East -Smithfield.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Halfmoon and Seven Stars</span> <i>court</i>, Old -street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Halfmoon</span> <i>passage</i>, Foster lane, Cheapside.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Halfmoon</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Hyde Park road.* 2. -In the Strand.* 3. West street, Soho.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Half Nicol</span> <i>street</i>, New Turnmill street, -Shoreditch fields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Half-paved</span> <i>court</i>, Dorset street, Fleet str.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Halfpenny</span> <i>alley</i>. 1. Jacob street. 2. Sharp’s -alley, Cow Cross. 3. Halfway house lane, -Stepney fields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hallam</span> <i>street</i>, Gray’s Inn lane. †</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hall’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Compton street.† 2. Deadman’s -place.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hall’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Helmet court, St. Catharine’s.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hall’s</span> <i>stairs</i>, Narrow street, Ratcliff.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hallmote</span>, a court so denominated from -the place in which it is kept, belongs to -the several companies of citizens, by -whom it is occasionally held in their respective -halls, wherein the affairs of each -<span class='pageno' id='Page_131'>131</span>of the companies are respectively transacted.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Halsey’s</span> <i>court</i>, Blackman street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Halsted</span>, a village in Essex, between Cray -and Sevenoak, near which is the seat of -the Duke of Richmond, called Halsted -Place.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ham</span> (<span class='sc'>East</span>) a village in Essex, south east -of Plaistow, and six miles from London.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ham</span> (<span class='sc'>West</span>) a village in Essex, between -Stratford and Little Ilford.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hamburgh Merchants</span>, a company incorporated -by Edward I. in the year 1269, -by the name of <i>Merchant Adventurers</i>. -This being the first company of merchants -incorporated in this kingdom, they -soon obtained ample privileges of John -Duke of Brabant, for establishing a factory -at Antwerp.</p> - -<p class='c010'>As these merchants proved of great advantage -to the nation, their privileges -were confirmed and enlarged by several -succeeding Princes, particularly by Queen -Elizabeth, who impowered the members -of this company to extend their commerce -to all parts of Germany. This was -no sooner known, than very great privileges -were offered them by the merchants -of Hamburgh, as an encouragement to -settle in their city, which being accepted, -the factory repaired thither, where they -<span class='pageno' id='Page_132'>132</span>still continue, and are at present known -by the appellation of the <i>Hamburgh Company</i>, -the ancient name being now never -used but in deeds, and other writings.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This society, since the diminishing of -their privileges, and laying open their -trade in the reign of King William III. is -greatly reduced. <i>Strype’s edit. of Stow.</i></p> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i153.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>Cascade at Ham Farm.</i><br /><i>S. Wale delin.</i> <i>F. Vivares sculp.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c008'><span class='sc'>Ham Farm</span>, is the seat of the Earl of Portmore -at Weybridge in Surry. It is situated -between the Earl of Lincoln’s and -the late Mr. Southcote’s. The house is a -large handsome structure built regularly of -brick, with a fine lawn before the garden -front. The grounds about it consist of -about 500 acres, 130 of which are laid -out for pleasure, besides a paddock of about -60 acres. Here is a fine command of water, -there being two navigable rivers, the -Thames, which comes with a fine bending -course by the side of the terrace, and -the Wye, which runs direct]y through -the grounds, and joins the Thames at the -terrace. There is a swing bridge over -the Wye, which may be turned aside at -pleasure to let boats and other vessels pass. -The Wye is navigable up to Guildford -and other places. What is called the -Virginia Water, runs from Windsor great -park, and flows through Mr. Southcote’s -grounds hither. The terrace next the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_133'>133</span>Thames is beautiful; and though it lies -upon a flat, there are some good views -from it, and from other parts of the gardens. -This place was first beautified by -the Countess of Dorchester, in the reign -of James II.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ham House.</span> See <span class='sc'>Petersham</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hamilton</span> <i>street</i>, Hyde Park road.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hamilton’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Upper Shadwell.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hammer and Crown</span> <i>court</i>, Broad street, -Ratcliff.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hammer</span> <i>court</i>, In the Minories.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hammersmith</span>, a village in Middlesex, -four miles west from London. There are -a number of pretty seats about it, especially -towards the Thames, among which -the most remarkable is Mr. Doddington’s. -It has a church, a Presbyterian meeting -house, two charity schools, a work house, -and a kind of nunnery.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hammond’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in Almshouse yard, -Snow hill, consists of six neat rooms, and -was founded by Edmund Hammond, Esq; -in the year 1651, for as many poor batchelors -or widowers, with an allowance -10<i>l.</i> a year each: but the estate appropriated -for its support being reduced by -the fire of London, the Haberdashers -company, to which the care of this charitable -foundation was intrusted, at present -only pay the pensioners the annual -sum of 7<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> each.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_134'>134</span><span class='sc'>Hammond’s</span> <i>court</i>, Haymarket.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hammond’s</span> <i>key</i>, Thames street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hammond’s</span> <i>lane</i>, Thames street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hampshire</span> <i>court</i>, Whitechapel.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hampshire Hog</span> <i>yard</i>, Broad St. Giles’s.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hampshire</span> <i>yard</i>, Whitechapel.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hampstead</span>, a pleasant village in Middlesex, -situated near the top of a hill about -four miles on the north west side of London. -On the summit of this hill is a -heath, which is adorned with many gentlemen’s -houses, and extends about a mile -every way, affording a most extensive and -delightful prospect over the city as far as -Shooter’s Hill, and into the counties all -around it. This village used to be formerly -resorted to for its mineral waters; -and there is here a fine assembly room for -dancing. Its old ruinous church, which -was a chapel belonging to the Lord of the -manor, has been lately pulled down, and -a new one is just erected in its room. -There is besides a handsome chapel near -the wells, built by the contribution of the -inhabitants, who are chiefly citizens and -merchants of London; and also a meeting -house.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hampstead Water Office</span>, in Denmark -street, St. Giles’s. To this office -belong two main pipes of a seven inch -bore, which bring water from the ponds -<span class='pageno' id='Page_135'>135</span>at Highgate and Hampstead to supply that -neighbourhood.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hampstead</span> <i>yard</i>, Gray’s Inn lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ham’s</span> <i>corner</i>, Old street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ham’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Ratcliff highway.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ham’s</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Brook street.† 2. Great -Windmill street.†</p> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i175.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>Hampton Court from the Garden.</i><br /><i>S. Wale delin.</i> <i>J. Green sc Oxon.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c008'><span class='sc'>Hampton Court</span>, is delightfully situated -on the north bank of the river Thames, -about two miles from Kingston, and at a -small distance from a village called Hampton. -This palace was magnificently built -with brick by Cardinal Wolsey, who here -set up two hundred and eighty silk beds -for strangers only, and richly stored it -with gold and silver plate; but it raised -so much envy against him, that to screen -himself from its effects, he gave it to -King Henry VIII. who, in return, suffered -him to live in his palace of Richmond. -King Henry greatly enlarged it, and it -had then five spacious courts adorned with -buildings, which in that age were so -greatly admired by all foreigners as well -as the natives, that the learned Grotius -says of this place:</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c017'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>Si quis opes nescit (sed quis tamen ille?) Britannus,</div> - <div class='line in2'>Hampton Curia, tuos consultat ille Lares;</div> - <div class='line'>Contulerit toto cum sparsa palatia mundo,</div> - <div class='line in2'>Dicet, Ibi Reges, hic habitare Deos.</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c025'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_136'>136</span>That is,</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c014'><i>If e’er a Briton what is wealth don’t know; -let him repair to Hampton Court, and -then view all the palaces of the earth, -when he will say, Those are the residence -of Kings, but this of the Gods.</i></p> -<p class='c010'>In order to give a more perfect idea of -this grandeur, we shall give a description -of the ornaments of this palace, as -they appeared in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, -from an author who describes -what he himself saw.</p> -<p class='c015'>“The chief area, says he, is paved -with square stone; in its center is a -fountain that throws up water, covered -with a gilt crown, on the top of which -is a statue of Justice, supported by columns -of black and white marble. The -chapel of this palace is most splendid, -in which the Queen’s closet is quite -transparent, having its windows of crystal. -We were led into two chambers -called the presence, or chambers of audience, -which shone with tapestry of -gold and silver, and silk of different -colours: under the canopy of state are -these words embroidered in pearl, <span class='sc'>Vivat -Henricus Octavus</span>. Here is -besides a small chapel richly hung with -tapestry, where the Queen performs -her devotions. In her bedchamber the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_137'>137</span>bed was covered with very costly coverlids -of silk. At no great distance -from this room we were shewn a bed, -the teaster of which was worked by -Anne Boleyn, and presented by her to -her husband Henry VIII. All the other -rooms being very numerous, are adorned -with tapestry of gold, silver, and -velvet, in some of which were woven -history pieces, in others Turkish and -American dresses, all extremely natural.</p> - -<p class='c027'>“In the hall are these curiosities: a -very clear looking glass, ornamented -with columns and little images of alabaster; -a portrait of Edward VI. brother -to Queen Elizabeth; the true -portrait of Lucretia; a picture of the -battle of Pavia; the history of Christ’s -passion, carved in mother of pearl; the -portrait of Mary Queen of Scots; the -picture of Ferdinand Prince of Spain, -and of Philip his son; that of Henry -VIII. under which was placed the Bible -curiously written upon parchment; an -artificial sphere; several musical instruments: -in the tapestry are represented -negroes riding upon elephants; the bed -in which Edward VI. is said to have -been born, and where his mother Jane -<span class='pageno' id='Page_138'>138</span>Seymour died in childbed. In one -chamber were several excessively rich -tapestries, which are hung up when the -Queen gives audience to foreign ambassadors; -there were numbers of -cushions ornamented with gold and -silver; many counterpanes and coverlids -of beds lined with ermine. In -short, all the walls of the palace shine -with gold and silver. Here is besides -a certain cabinet called Paradise, where -besides that every thing glitters so with -silver, gold, and jewels, as to dazzle -one’s eyes, there is a musical instrument -made all of glass, except the -strings. Afterwards we were led into -the gardens, which are most pleasant.”</p> - -<p class='c027'><i>Hentzner’s Journey into England.</i></p> -<p class='c016'>This palace, which was afterwards the -prison of King Charles I. is, with the -parks, encompassed in a semicircle by -the Thames. King William and Queen -Mary were so greatly pleased with its -situation, which rendered it capable of -great improvements, and of being made -one of the noblest palaces in Europe, that -while the former was causing the old -apartments to be pulled down, and rebuilt -in the more beautiful manner in which -they now appear, her Majesty impatient -<span class='pageno' id='Page_139'>139</span>to enjoy so agreeable a retreat, fixed upon -a building near the river, called the -Water Gallery, and suiting it to her convenience, -adorned it with the utmost elegance, -though its situation would not allow -it to stand after the principal building -was completed.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Since the pulling down of the Water -Gallery, which stood before the fine stone -front that faces the river, the ground to -the south west received considerable improvements. -This spot is laid out in -small inclosures, surrounded with tall -hedges, in order to break the violence of -the winds, and render them proper for -the reception of such exotic plants as were -moved thither in summer out of the -conservatories. Here are two basons constantly -supplied with water, for the support -of these plants in dry weather; and -as these are situated near the great apartments, -most of the plants may be viewed -from the window.</p> - -<p class='c010'>At a small distance to the west, stood -a large hot house, for preserving such tender -exotic plants as require a greater share -of warmth than is generally felt in this -climate. Of this part of gardening Queen -Mary was so fond, that she allowed a -handsome salary to Dr. Plukenet, a very -learned botanist, for overlooking and registering -<span class='pageno' id='Page_140'>140</span>the curious collection of plants -she caused to be brought into the garden; -but since her Majesty’s death they have -been much neglected, and very few of the -most curious plants are now to be found -there.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The park and gardens, with the ground -on which the palace now stands, are about -three miles in circumference. On a pediment -at the front of the palace on this -side, is a bas-relief of the triumphs of -Hercules over Envy; and facing it a large -oval bason, answering to the form of this -part of the garden, which is a large oval -divided into gravel walks and parterres, -laid out in an elegant manner, by those -two eminent gardeners, London and -Wise.</p> - -<p class='c010'>At the entrance of the grand walk, are -two large marble vases, of exquisite workmanship, -one said to be performed by Mr. -Cibber, the father of the poet laureat, and -the other by a foreigner; these pieces are -reported to be done as a trial of skill; but -it is difficult to determine which is the -finest performance. They are beautifully -adorned with bas-relief; that on the -right hand, representing the triumphs of -Bacchus, and the other on the left, Amphitrite -and the Nereides. At the bottom -of this walk, facing a large canal which -<span class='pageno' id='Page_141'>141</span>runs into the park, are two other large -vases, the bas-relief on one representing -the judgment of Paris; and that of the -other, Meleager hunting the wild boar.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In four of the parterres are four fine -brass statues. The first is a gladiator, -which formerly stood in the parade of -St. James’s Park, at the foot of the canal, -and was removed thither in the reign -of Queen Anne. The original was performed -by Agasias Desitheus of Ephesus, -and is in the Borghesian palace at Rome. -The second is a young Apollo; the third -a Diana; and the fourth, Saturn going to -devour one of his children: all after -fine originals.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On the south side of the palace is the -privy garden, which was sunk ten feet, -to open a view from the apartments to -the river Thames; in this garden is a -fine fountain, and two grand terrace -walks.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On the north side of the palace is a -tennis court; and beyond that a gate -which leads into the wilderness: farther -on is the great gate of the gardens, on -the sides of which are large stone piers, -with the lion and unicorn couchant, in -stone.</p> - -<p class='c010'>We shall now, leaving the gardens, -take a view of the palace, and several -<span class='pageno' id='Page_142'>142</span>apartments, with their noble furniture -and fine paintings, performed by the -most eminent masters.</p> - -<p class='c010'>To begin with the first entrance into -the palace, at the gates of which are -four large brick piers, adorned with the -lion and unicorn, each of them holding -a shield, whereon are the arms of Great -Britain, with several trophies of war well -carved on stone.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Passing through a long court yard, on -each side of which are stabling for the -officers of his Majesty’s houshold, we -come next to the first portal, which is -strongly built of brick, and decorated by -Wolfey with the heads of four of the -Cæsars, Trajan and Adrian on one side, -and on the other Tiberius and Vitellius.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Thro’ this portal we pass into a large -quadrangle, remarkable for nothing extraordinary, -but its spaciousness and uniformity. -This leads to a second quadrangle, -where over the portal is a beautiful -astronomical clock, made by the celebrated -Tompion, on which are curiously represented -the twelve signs of the zodiac, -with the rising and setting of the sun, -the various phases of the moon, and other -ornaments, and indications of time.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On the left hand of this quadrangle is -the great old hall, in which, by her late -<span class='pageno' id='Page_143'>143</span>Majesty’s command, was erected a theatre, -wherein it was intended that two -plays should have been acted every week, -during the time of the court’s continuance -there; but Mr. Colley Cibber observes, -that only seven plays were performed in -it, by the players from Drury lane, the -summer when it was raised, and one afterwards -for the entertainment of the -Duke of Lorrain, afterwards Emperor of -Germany. In the front is a portal of brick -decorated with four Cæsars heads without -names.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On the opposite side of this quadrangle is -a stone colonade of fourteen columns, and -two pilasters of the Ionic order, with an -entablature and balustrade at the top, -adorned in the middle with two large vases.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This leads to the great stair case, adorned -with iron balusters curiously wrought -and gilt, the whole erected on porphyry. -From the ceiling hangs by a strong brass -chain gilt, a large glass lanthorn which -holds sixteen candles, and has an imperial -crown at the top. This staircase, -with the ceiling, were painted by Signor -Verrio, an Italian, by order of King William -III.</p> - -<p class='c010'>At the top, on the left side, are Apollo -and the nine Muses, at whose feet sits the -God Pan with his unequal reeds, and a -<span class='pageno' id='Page_144'>144</span>little below them the Goddess Ceres, -holding in one hand a wheat sheaf, and -with the other pointing to loaves of -bread; at her feet is Flora, surrounded by -her attendants, and holding in her right -hand a chaplet of flowers; near her are -the two river Gods Thame and Isis with -their urns; and a large table in the middle, -upon which is a quantity of rich -plate, decorated with flowers.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On the ceiling are Jupiter and Juno, -with Ganymede riding on Jupiter’s eagle, -and offering the cup. Juno’s peacock -is in the front: one of the Parcæ, with -her scissors in her hand, seems to wait -for Jove’s orders to cut the thread of -life. These figures are covered with a -fine canopy surrounded with the signs of -the zodiac, and by several zephyrs, with -flowers in their hands; and on one side -of them is Fame with her two trumpets.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Beneath is a beautiful figure of Venus -riding on a swan, Mars addressing himself -to her as a lover, and Cupid riding -on another swan.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On the right hand are Pluto and Proserpine, -Cœlus and Terra, Cybele crowned -with a tower, and others. Neptune and -Amphitrite are in the front, and two attendants -are serving them with nectar -and fruit. Bacchus is leaning on a rich -<span class='pageno' id='Page_145'>145</span>ewer, and, being accompanied by his attendants, -places his left hand on the -head of Silenus, who sits on an ass that -is fallen down, he seeming to catch at -a table, to which Diana above is pointing. -The table is supported by eagles; -on one side of it sits Romulus, the founder -of Rome, with a wolf; and on the -other side of it is Hercules leaning on -his club. Peace in her right hand holds -a laurel, and in her left a palm over the -head of Æneas, who seems inviting the -twelve Cæsars, among whom is Spurina -the soothsayer, to a celestial banquet. Over -their heads hovers the genius of Rome -with a flaming sword, the emblem of destruction, -and a bridle, the emblem of -government, both in her right hand.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The next is the Emperor Julian writing -at a table, while Mercury dictates to -him.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Over the door at the head of the stairs -is a funeral pile, done in stone colour; -and under the above paintings are thirty-six -panels, representing trophies of war, -and other decorations in the same colour.</p> - -<p class='c010'>From the stair case we pass into the -guard chamber, which is very large and -spacious, it being upwards of sixty feet -long, and forty feet wide. This room -contains arms for 5000 men, curiously -<span class='pageno' id='Page_146'>146</span>placed in various forms. There are here -pilasters of pikes and bayonet on each side -sixteen panels that go round the room; -with variety of other ornaments, as -muskets in chequer work, stars made of -bayonets, swords, &c.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The next is the King’s first presence -chamber, which is hung with rich old -tapestry. The ceiling is vaulted, and -from the center hangs a fine lustre of nineteen -branches. Fronting the door are the -canopy and chair of state, which, as well -as the stools, are of crimson damask; -on the back part of the canopy are the -King’s arms, and round the vallance, a -crown and cypher embroidered in gold.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On the left hand of the entrance, behind -the door is a fine picture about eighteen -feet by fifteen, by Sir Godfrey Kneller. -King William III. is in armour on a stately -grey horse, trampling on trophies of war, -by which lies a flaming torch. At the -top in the clouds Mercury and Peace support -his helmet, decorated with laurel, -and a Cupid holds a scroll. On the bottom -part of the picture appear Neptune -and his attendants by the side of a rock, -welcoming the hero on shore; and at a distance -is seen a fleet of ships, their sails -swelled with the east wind. In the front -ground Plenty with her cornucopia offers -<span class='pageno' id='Page_147'>147</span>him an olive branch, and Flora presents -flowers.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Over the chimney is a whole length of -the Marquis of Hamilton, Lord Steward -of the houshold to King Charles I. by -Van Somer; and over the doors are two -pieces of architecture, finely executed by -Rosso.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The next room, which is called the -second presence chamber, is spacious, and -has a vaulted ceiling, from the centre of -which hangs a gilt chandelier of twelve -branches. The tapestry is ancient but -very rich, the lights being all gold, and -the shadows silk; the subjects are, Hercules -and the Hydra, and Midas with -his ass’s ears. The chair of state and -stools are of crimson damask fringed with -the same colour. Over the chimney is -a whole length of Christiern IV. King -of Denmark, by Van Somer. This picture, -as most of the large ones are, is -decorated round the frame on the outside -with festoons of fruit and flowers, -finely carved in high-relief. Over the -three doors are pieces of ruins and landscapes, -by Rosso. In this room are also -two fine marble tables, with two pier -glasses, and two pair of gilt stands.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The fourth room is very lofty; in the -middle hangs a beautiful chased silver -<span class='pageno' id='Page_148'>148</span>chandelier of sixteen branches. Here is -a fine canopy of state, with the window -curtains, chair and stools, of rich crimson -damask laced and fringed with gold. The -tapestry, which represents part of the story -of Abraham, is fine; over the chimney -is a whole length picture of Elizabeth -Queen of Bohemia, the daughter of King -James I. and over each of the two doors -is a Madona, by Domenico Fetti.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the fifth room is also a chair of state, -and stools; the window curtains are tissue -with a silver ground; there are silver sconces -fastened to the tapestry, which is richly -woven with gold, but is very ancient; -the subject is Abraham sending his servants -to get a wife for Isaac. Over the -chimney piece is an admirable whole -length picture of King Charles I. by Van -Dyck; and over the doors are two capital -pictures, the first is David with Goliath’s -head, by Fetti; the other the holy family, -by Correggio.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the King’s state bed chamber is a -crimson velvet bed, laced with gold, -having plumes of white feathers on the -top. This room, which is very spacious, is -hung round with tapestry representing -the history of Joshua, about which are -eight silver sconces chased with the Judgment -of Solomon. The ceiling, which -<span class='pageno' id='Page_149'>149</span>was painted by Verrio, represents Endymion -lying with his head in the lap of -Morpheus, and Diana admiring him as -he sleeps. On another part of the ceiling -is a fine figure of Somnus, or Sleep, -with his attendants, and in the border are -four landscapes, and four boys with -baskets of flowers intermixed with -poppies. Over the doors are two flower -pieces, finely painted by Baptist; and over -the chimney is a whole length of the -Dutchess of York, by Van Somer.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the King’s private bed chamber, the -bed is of crimson damask, and the room -hung with fine tapestry, the subject of -which is Solbay fight.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The King’s dressing room, which is -about twelve feet long, and six feet wide, -has the ceiling painted by Verrio. Mars -is sleeping in Venus’s lap, while several -Cupids steal away his armour, sword and -spear, and others are binding his legs -and arms with fetters of roses. The -borders are decorated with jessamin, -orange trees in pots, and several sorts of -birds. Over the doors are fine flower -pieces, by Baptist. The room is hung -with straw-coloured India damask, and -the chair, stools and screen, are covered -with the same.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The King’s writing closet is of a triangular -<span class='pageno' id='Page_150'>150</span>form, and has two windows. The -hangings and stools are of a pea-green -India damask. A glass is here so placed, -as to shew all the rooms on that side of -the building in one view. Over each -door is a flower piece by Baptist, and -over the chimney a fine picture of a great -variety of birds, by Bougdane. There is -here a fine collection of china.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Queen Mary’s closet is hung with -needle work, said to be wrought with -her own hand; there are also an easy -chair, four others, and a screen, all said -to be the work of that excellent Queen. -The work is extremely neat; the figures -are well shadowed, perhaps equal to -the best tapestry, and shew great judgment -in drawing. Over the chimney -piece is an old painting, said to be -Raphael’s, representing Jupiter’s throne, -by which is the thunder, and his eagle -in the clouds.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Queen’s gallery, which is about -seventy feet long, and twenty-five feet -wide, is hung with seven beautiful pieces -of tapestry, representing the history of -Alexander the Great, and done after the -famous paintings of Le Brun; they are -however not placed according to chronology, -for some of the last actions of Alexander’s -life are placed before those which -preceded them. Under that part of the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_151'>151</span>tapestry which represents the story of -Alexander and Diogenes, and which is -placed over the chimney piece, is a very -neat bust of a Venus in alabaster standing -upon an oval looking-glass, under -which are two doves billing in basso relievo. -Among the other furniture in this -gallery, are two very fine tables of Egyptian -marble.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The ceiling of the Queen’s state bed -chamber is finely painted by Sir J. Thorn-hill, -who has represented Aurora rising out -of the ocean in her golden chariot, drawn -by four white horses. The bed is of crimson -damask; and besides other furniture, -the room is adorned with a glass lustre -with silver sockets. Over a large marble -chimney piece is a whole length of King -James I. by Van Somer. At his right -hand, over one of the doors, is Queen -Anne his consort; on his left, their -daughter the Princess Elizabeth, afterwards -Queen of Bohemia; both by Van -Somer. Over the other door is a beautiful -whole length of Henry Prince of Wales, -their eldest son, by Van Dyck. In the -cornice are four other portraits, one on -each side, viz. his late Majesty K. George I. -his present Majesty King George II. the -late Queen Caroline, and the late Prince -of Wales.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Queen’s drawing room has the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_152'>152</span>ceiling painted by Signor Verrio; in the -middle of which is the late Queen Anne, -under the character of Justice, holding -the scales in one hand, and the sword in -the other: she is dressed in a purple robe -lined with ermine; and Neptune and Britannia -are holding a crown over her head. -The room is hung with green damask, -upon which are placed nine pictures, three -on each side of the room, and three at the -end. These were formerly all in one -piece of a great length, as may be very -plainly seen from some of the figures being -cut asunder, and placed in different -pieces. The whole is the triumph of -Julius Cæsar, and was a long procession -of soldiers, priests, officers of state, &c. -at the end of which that Emperor appears -in his triumphal chariot, with Victory -holding a laurel crown over his head. It -is painted in water colours upon canvas, -by Andrea Mantegna.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Queen’s state audience room is -hung with rich tapestry, representing the -children of Israel carrying the twelve -stones to the river Jordan, as mentioned -in Joshua iv. Here is a fine canopy of -state, and five pictures at full length, the -Duke, Dutchess, and Marchioness of -Brunswick their daughter; the Dutchess -of Lenox, and Margaret Queen of Scots, -all by Holbein.</p> - -<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_153'>153</span>The Prince of Wales’s presence chamber -is hung with tapestry wrought with -the story of Tobit and Tobias. Here is -a canopy of state of green damask: over -one of the doors is Guzman, and over -another Gundamor, two Spanish ambassadors: -over the third is Madam Chatillon, -the French Admiral’s lady; and over -the chimney, Lewis XIII. of France, with -a walking stick in his hand, and a dog by -his side, all by Holbein.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Prince of Wales’s drawing room -is hung with tapestry, representing Elymas -the sorcerer struck with blindness; -this is taken from one of the cartons. -Over the chimney piece is the Duke of -Wirtemburg: over one of the doors is a -whole length of the wife of Philip II. -King of Spain; and over the other, a -whole length of Count Mansfield, General -of the Spaniards in the Low Countries, -all by Holbein.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Prince of Wales’s bed chamber has -a bed of green damask, and four pictures -also done by Holbein, viz. over the chimney -piece is a whole length of the Duke -of Lunenbourg, great grandfather to his -present Majesty; over one of the doors -Philip II. King of Spain; over another, -the consort of Christiern IV. King of -Denmark; and over the third, a whole -<span class='pageno' id='Page_154'>154</span>length of the Prince of Parma, Governor -of the Netherlands.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the private dining room are four -pictures of the defeat of the Spanish Armada, -by Vande Velde; and over the -chimney a very fine one, by Van Dyck, -of the Lord Effingham Howard, Lord -High Admiral of England.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the Admiral’s gallery are the pictures -of the following celebrated Admirals, Sir -George Rooke, Sir Cloudsley Shovel, Sir -John Leake, the Lord Torrington, Admiral -Churchill, Sir Stafford Fairborne, -Sir John Jennings, Sir Thomas Hopson, -Admiral Beaumont, Sir Thomas Dilks, -Admiral Bembo, Admiral Whetstone, Admiral -Wishart, Admiral Graydon, Admiral -Munden; all painted by Dahl, and -Sir Godfrey Kneller.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the room of Beauties, nine ladies -are placed in the following order: the -Lady Peterborough, the Lady Ranelagh, -the Lady Middleton, Miss Pitt, the Duchess -of St. Alban’s, Lady Essex, Lady -Dorset, Queen Mary, and the Duchess of -Grafton. Q. Mary was painted by Wissing, -and all the rest by Sir Godfrey Kneller.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the Carton gallery are the celebrated -cartons of Raphael Urbino, so -called from their being painted on paper. -These are seven pieces of sacred history, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_155'>155</span>taken from the New Testament, and were -at first designed only as patterns for tapestry. -For these admirable pieces Lewis -XIV. is said to have offered 100,000 -louis d’ors.</p> - -<p class='c010'>These pictures, which may be properly -termed coloured drawings on paper, as -big as the life, are painted with great delicacy -and beauty in water colours. The -first is the miraculous draught of fishes, -in which Christ appears in the boat with -an air of divine gentleness. A very ingenious -modern author, whose words we shall -chiefly follow in the description of these -admirable pieces, observes, that the exotic -birds, the magnificent large fowl placed -on the shore in the fore ground, have a -sea wildness in them; and, as their food -was fish, contribute to express the business -in hand, which is fishing; and being -thus placed on the shore, prevents the -heaviness which that part would otherwise -have had, by breaking the parallel -lines that would have been made by the -boat, and the base of the picture.</p> - -<p class='c010'>However in this carton Raphael has -made a boat too little to hold the figures -he has placed in it; but had he made it -large enough for those figures, the picture -would have been all boat; and to have -made his figures small enough for a vessel -of that size, would have rendered them -<span class='pageno' id='Page_156'>156</span>unsuitable to the rest of the set, and less -considerable: there would have been too -much boat, and too little figure.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The second, which is the delivery of -the keys, has received some injury, and is -not now what Raphael made it. As this -is the appearance of our Saviour after the -resurrection, present authority, late suffering, -humility and majesty, despotic -command, and divine love, are at once -visible in his celestial aspect. He is wrapt -only in one large piece of white drapery, -his left arm and breast are bare, and part -of his legs naked, which was undoubtedly -done to denote his appearing in his -resurrection body, and not as before his -crucifixion, when this dress would have -been altogether improper. The figures -of the eleven apostles all express the same -passion of admiration, but discover it differently -according to their characters. -Peter receives his master’s orders on his -knees, with an admiration mixed with a -more particular attention; the words used -on that occasion are expressed by our Saviour’s -pointing to a flock of sheep, and -St. Peter’s having just received two keys. -The two next express a more open ecstasy, -though still constrained by their awe of -the divine presence. The beloved disciple -has in his countenance wonder drowned -in love; and the last personage, whose -<span class='pageno' id='Page_157'>157</span>back is towards the presence, one would -fancy to be St. Thomas, whose perplexed -concern could not be better drawn, than -by this acknowledgment of the difficulty -to describe it. The apostle who stands in -profile immediately behind St. John, has -a yellow garment with red sleeves, which -connects the figure with St. Peter and -St. John, whose draperies are of the same -species of colours; next is a loose changeable -drapery, then another different yellow -with shadows bearing on the purple, -all which produce wonderful harmony.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The third is the miracle of healing -the cripple at the Beautiful Gate of -the temple. All the figures are admirably -performed; the boys are done with -great judgment, and by being naked -make a fine contrast. The figures are -placed at one end near the corner, which -varies the side of the picture, and gives -an opportunity to enlarge the building -with a fine portico, the like of which you -must imagine must be on the other side of -the main structure, all which together -make a noble piece of architecture.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The fourth is the history of the death -of Ananias. Here is the greatest dignity -in the apostles; they are however only a -subordinate group, because the principal -action relates to the criminal; thither the -eye is directed by almost all the figures in -<span class='pageno' id='Page_158'>158</span>the picture; what a horror and reverence -is visible in the whole assembly on this -mercenary man’s falling down dead!</p> - -<p class='c010'>The fifth is Elymas the sorcerer struck -with blindness. His whole body from -head to foot expresses his being blind. -How admirably are terror and astonishment -expressed in the people present? and -how variously according to their several -characters? the Proconsul has these sentiments -but as a Roman and a gentleman, -the rest in several degrees and manners. -The same sentiments appear in Ananias’s -death, together with those of joy and -triumph, which naturally arise in good -minds upon the fight of the divine justice -and the victory of truth.</p> - -<p class='c010'>What grace and majesty is seen in the -great apostle of the gentiles, in all his -actions, preaching, rending his garments, -denouncing vengeance on the sorcerer! -The Proconsul Sergius Paulus has a greatness -and grace superior to his character; -and equal to what one can suppose in -Cæsar, Augustus, or Trajan.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The sixth is the sacrifice to Paul and -Barnabas by the people of Lycaonia. The -occasion of this is finely told; the man -healed of his lameness, to express his -sense of the divine power which appeared -in these apostles, and to shew it to be -<span class='pageno' id='Page_159'>159</span>him, not only a crutch is under his feet -on the ground, but an old man takes up -the lappet of his garment, and looks upon -the limb he remembers to have been -crippled, expressing great devotion and -amazement; which are sentiments seen -in the other, with a mixture of joy.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The group of the ox and popa are taken -from a bass relievo in the Villa de Medici.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The seventh is St. Paul preaching to -the Athenians. The divine orator is the -chief figure; but with what wonderful -art are almost all the different tempers of -mankind represented in that elegant audience! -one is eminently distinguished as -a believer, holding out his hands in rapture, -and has the second place in the -picture; another is wrapped up in deep -suspense; another saying there is some -reason in what he says; another angry and -malicious at his destroying some favourite -opinion; others attentive and reasoning -on the matter within themselves, or with -one another; while the generality attend, -and wait for the opinion of those who -are leading characters in the assembly. -Some are placed before the apostle, some -behind, not only as caring less for the -preacher or the doctrine, but to raise the -apostolic character, which would lose -<span class='pageno' id='Page_160'>160</span>something of its dignity, if his maligners -were supposed to be able to look him in -the face.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This picture is conducted with the -greatest judgment. The attitude of St. -Paul is as fine as possible, pointing out his -hands to the statue of Mercury, alluding -to their idolatry; for the men of Lystra -would call him by that name, and worship -him as a God presiding over eloquence. -Thus the picture shews the subject -of his preaching. The little drapery -thrown over the apostle’s shoulder, and -hanging down to his waist, poises the -figure, which otherwise would seem -ready to tumble forwards. The drapery -is red and green, the back ground is -expressive of the superstition St. Paul was -preaching against, as above-mentioned. -No historian, orator or poet, can possibly -give so great an idea of the eloquent -and zealous apostle as this figure does: -for there we see a person, whose face and -action no words can sufficiently describe; -but which assure us as much as those -can, that that divine man must speak -with good sense and to the purpose.</p> - -<p class='c010'>There were in all twelve of these -pieces, two of which are in the possession -of the French King: the King of Sardinia -has two of the others, and one belonged -<span class='pageno' id='Page_161'>161</span>to a gentleman in England, who -pledged it for a sum of money: but -when the person who had taken this valuable -deposit found it was to be redeemed, -being very unwilling to part -with it, he greatly damaged the drawing; -for which the gentleman brought his action, -and it was tried in Westminster -hall, where the picture was produced. -The subject was Herod’s cruelty, and indeed, -the cruel malice of the person sued, -seemed to flow from a principle perhaps -equally diabolical and inexcusable.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Over the chimney piece in this gallery -is a fine bas-relief in white marble of -Venus drawn in her chariot, and attended -by several Cupids.</p> - -<p class='c010'>We come next to the Queen’s staircase, -where the ceiling is painted by Vick. -Here is King Charles II. and Catharine -his Queen, with the Duke of Buckingham -representing Science in the habit of -Mercury, while Envy is struck down by -naked boys. There are also other ornaments -done by Mr. Kent.</p> - -<p class='c010'>From the Queen’s stair case, we descend -into a new quadrangle, in the middle -of which is a round bason, and four -large lamps on pedestals of iron work; -and on the right hand over the windows, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_162'>162</span>are the twelve labours of Hercules done -in fresco.</p> - -<p class='c010'>We shall conclude our account with -observing, that the whole palace consists -of three quadrangles. The first and second -are Gothic, but in the latter is a -most beautiful colonade of the Ionic order, -the columns in couplets, built by -Sir Christopher Wren. Through this, as -was before observed, you pass into the -third court or quadrangle, in which are -the royal apartments, which are magnificently -built of brick and stone by King -William III. The print shews two sides -of these new buildings. The gardens -are not in the present natural stile, -but in that which prevailed some years -ago, when mathematical figures were -preferred to natural forms.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hanaper</span> <i>Office</i>, an office in Chancery under -the direction of the Master of the -Hanaper, his deputy, the clerk, sometimes -called the Warden of the Hanaper, -and the six clerks in Chancery for the -time being, who are comptrollers of the -Hanaper. The clerk of the Hanaper receives -all money due for charters, patents, -commissions, and writs; attends the Lord -Keeper daily in term time, and at all -times of sealing, with leather bags, in -<span class='pageno' id='Page_163'>163</span>which are put all sealed charters, patents, -and the like; and delivered to the comptroller -of the Hanaper. Mr. Chamberlain -supposes, that instead of leather bags -the clerk of the Hanaper formerly carried -a hamper, and that from thence he was -called the clerk of the Hamper or Hanaper.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hand</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. High Holborn.* 2. Long -alley, Moorfields.* 3. Norfolk street.* -4. Petticoat lane and Bishopsgate street.* -5. Snow hill.* 6. Wormwood street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hand and Crown</span> <i>alley</i>, Cow Cross.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hand and Pen</span> <i>alley</i>, Tower hill.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hand</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Petticoat lane.* 2. Philip -lane, London Wall.* 3. Near the Steel -yard, Thames street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hand and Crown</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Chiswell -street.* 2. Gravel lane.* 3. Orchard -street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hand and Holybush</span> <i>court</i>, St. Clement’s.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hand and Pen</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Barbican.* 2. -Great Tower hill.* 3. Leadenhall street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Handcock’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Brown’s lane, Spitalfields.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hand in Hand</span> <i>alley</i>, St. Olave’s street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hand in Hand Fire Office</span>, in Angel -court, Snow hill, opposite St. Sepulchre’s -church, for insuring only houses, was -erected in the year 1696, by about -one hundred persons, who entering into -<span class='pageno' id='Page_164'>164</span>a mutual agreement to insure each other -from losses by having their houses consumed -by fire, formed a deed of settlement -for that purpose, which was inrolled -in Chancery on the 24th of January 1698, -and this deed being signed by every person -desirous of becoming a member, he -or she is by this means admitted into -the joint copartnership, and becomes an -equal sharer in the profit and loss, in -proportion to his or her respective insurance.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The conditions of insurance are, two -shillings <i>per cent.</i> premium, and ten shillings -<i>per cent.</i> deposit on brick houses, -and double those sums on timber houses -in the cities of London and Westminster, -and within five computed miles from the -same, to be paid on insuring for a term -not exceeding seven years.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Houses in the country, beyond five, and -so far as twenty computed miles from -the said cities are to pay an additional -premium of one shilling <i>per cent.</i> on -brick, and double on timber; and beyond -twenty so far as thirty computed miles -from the said cities, being the limits of -insurance by this office, an additional premium -of two shillings <i>per cent.</i> on brick, -and double on timber, the deposit being -the same in all places. Houses with party-walls -<span class='pageno' id='Page_165'>165</span>of brick or stone are to be -accounted brick, and those which have -not such party-walls to be accounted -timber houses. Thatched are not to be -insured.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Any number of contiguous houses, not -exceeding the value of three hundred -pounds, may be insured in one policy.</p> - -<p class='c010'>No more than two thousand pounds -can be insured on one house in a policy: -but halls, hospitals, and other large buildings, -divided by brick or stone partitions, -may each be insured in several policies.</p> - -<p class='c010'>At the expiration of policies, or whatever -time the property in their houses -ceases, all persons may on application to -the office, receive the deposit, together -with the dividends of profit made every -year from the premium and interest of -money, after the charges of the office -are paid, deducting their proportion of -contributions towards losses, during the -time they have been insured.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Hence it plainly appears, that the -whole money paid on insuring, both premium -and deposit, is in effect only deposited, -to make good losses by fire and -the charges of the office; it being all -returned, except what is applied to those -purposes.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Contributions are laid when fires happen, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_166'>166</span>and dividends made every year by -the Directors, which are registered in -tables hung up in the office, to be perused -by the members.</p> - -<p class='c010'>All the members or persons insured, -have the liberty of examining all the -books and papers of the office, at seasonable -hours, gratis.</p> - -<p class='c010'>No person insured is obliged to pay -above ten shillings <i>per cent.</i> Contribution -for brick, and double for timber -houses, more than the money first deposited. -This being now upwards of 80,000<i>l.</i> -valuing the public securities at <i>Par</i>, must -all be exhausted by losses happening almost -together, before any call can be -made from the members.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The affairs of the office are managed -by twenty-four Directors, without any -salary or reward, who are chosen by balloting -for three years, from amongst, and -by the persons insured, in the way of -an annual rotation, eight new ones every -year, on the three days immediately preceding -the general meeting in November. -They meet at the office in Angel -court on Snow hill, to transact business, -every Tuesday at three in the afternoon.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Every house before it can be insured, -must be surveyed by a person employed -by the office, and in case of a loss or -<span class='pageno' id='Page_167'>167</span>damage, is to be put into the condition -it was in before the fire, allowing not -more than three shillings a yard for painting, -nor above thirty pounds for any -chimney piece; or else the whole sum -insured is to be paid to the sufferer without -any deduction.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Nothing is more evident than that -the profits of insurance, which in the -offices insuring for gain are divided on -their capital stock, are here, together with -the salaries of the Directors, applied to the -benefit of the insured. The consequence -of which is, that this office having paid -above two hundred and fifty thousand -pounds for losses; the charge to the injured -from its beginning in the year 1696, -has been at a medium under nine-pence -a year for one hundred pounds insured on -brick houses.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The surveyors are to survey houses with -all convenient expedition after directions -are left, without any fee or reward.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The clerks give constant attendance at -the office, from eight in the morning to -six in the evening. <i>The proposals delivered -by the Office, October 10, 1758.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>This company keep in their service -thirty firemen, who are annually clothed, -and have each a badge, on which are two -hands joined and a crown over them.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_168'>168</span><span class='sc'>Hand in Hand</span> <i>yard</i>, Old Horselydown -lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hand</span> <i>yard</i>, Thames street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hanging Lion</span> <i>yard</i>, Nightingale lane, East -Smithfield.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hanging Sword</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Quaker street.* -2. Water lane, Fleet street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hanging Sword</span> <i>court</i>, Water lane, Fleet -street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hangman’s</span> <i>acre</i>, King David’s fort, near -Bluegate fields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hangman’s Gains</span>, St. Catherines. Mr. -Strype observes, that the towns of Calais, -Hammes, and Guisnes, being lost in the -reign of Queen Mary, many of the inhabitants -fled to England, and wanting habitations, -a part of St. Catharine’s where -this lane is now built, was allowed them, -which from the countries whence they -came was called Hammes and Guisnes, -which at length by a vulgar corruption -was changed to Hangman’s gains.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hangman’s Gains</span> <i>alley</i>, St. Catharine’s.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hannoway</span> <i>street</i>, Tottenham Court -road.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hanover</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Grub street. 2. Houndsditch. -3. In the Minories.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hanover</span> <i>square</i>, so called in compliment -to the present royal family, has Oxford -road on the north; Swallow street in -the east; Conduit street on the south; -<span class='pageno' id='Page_169'>169</span>and New Bond street on the west. The -area of the square contains about two -acres of ground, in the middle of which -is a garden inclosed with rails; the houses -are new built in the modern taste; they -make a grand appearance, and are inhabited -by noblemen and gentlemen of distinguished -rank.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The author of the Review of the public -buildings remarks, that the upper end -of Great George street towards Hanover -square is laid out so considerably wider -than at the other end, that it quite reverses -the perspective, and shews the end -of the vista broader than the beginning; -which was calculated to give a noble view -of this square from its entrance, and a better -prospect down the street from the -other side, and both way the effects answer -the intention. He adds, that the -view down George street, from the upper -side of the square, is one of the most -entertaining in this whole city: the sides -of the square, the area in the middle, the -breaks of building that form the entrance -of the vista, the vista itself, but -above all, the beautiful projection of the -portico of St. George’s church, are all -circumstances that unite in beauty, and -render the scene perfect.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_170'>170</span><span class='sc'>Hanover</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Hanover square. 2. -Long Acre. 3. Rotherhith Wall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hanover</span> <i>stairs</i>, Hanover street, Rotherhith.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hanover</span> <i>yard</i>, St. Giles’s.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hanson’s</span> <i>alley</i>, St. Giles’s Broad street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harcourt’s</span> <i>buildings</i>, Inner Temple.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harding’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Petty France, Westminster.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hare</span> <i>alley</i>, Shoreditch.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hare</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. Hare -street, Spitalfields.* 3. Inner Temple.* -4. Little Knightrider’s street.* 5. Petticoat -lane.* 6. Upper Ground.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hare Court</span> <i>buildings</i>, Inner Temple.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harefield</span>, a village in Middlesex, near the -river Coln, between Rickmansworth and -Uxbridge, about twenty miles from -London. <i>Harefield Place</i> is the seat of -Sir Roger Newdigate, Bart. Here also -George Cooke, Esq; the present member -for the county of Middlesex, has a handsome -seat and park.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hare</span> <i>marsh</i>, Hare street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hare</span> <i>street</i>, Brick lane, Spitalfields.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hare</span> <i>yard</i>, Hoxton.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harley</span> <i>street</i>, as does most of the other streets -near it, took its name from the late Earl -of Oxford, the ground landlord, who left it -to his lady. This is a noble new street, extending -northward from Cavendish square -<span class='pageno' id='Page_171'>171</span>where Sir Richard Littleton’s house is at -the corner.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harp</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Grub street.* 2. Little -Knightrider’s street.* 3. Saffron hill.* -4. Shoe lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harp</span> <i>court</i>, Little Knightrider’s street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harp</span> <i>lane</i>, Tower street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harp</span> <i>yard</i>, Black horse yard, Fleet street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harper’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Fore street, Lambeth.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harper’s</span> <i>walk</i>, Fore street, Lambeth.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harrie’s</span> <i>gun wharf</i>, Millbank.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harrison’s</span> <i>court</i>, Brook street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harris’s</span> <i>court</i>, Ratcliff Highway.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harris’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Rosemary lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harrold’s</span> <i>court</i>, Coal yard.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harrow</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. St. Catharine’s.* 2. Holborn.* -3. Mint street.* 4. Old Gravel -lane.* 5. Old street.* 6. Petticoat lane.* -7. Whitechapel.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harrow</span> <i>corner</i>, 1. Bennet’s hill.* 2. -Deadman’s place.* 3. Fleet lane.* 4. -Long lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harrow</span> <i>dunghil</i>, Mint street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harrow</span> <i>dunghil yard</i>, Old Horselydown.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harrow</span> <i>yard</i>, Ropemakers fields.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harrow on the Hill</span>, is situated in -Middlesex, fifteen miles N. W. from -London, on the highest hill in the county, -on the summit of which stands the church, -which has a very high spire. This parish -is famous for a free school founded by -<span class='pageno' id='Page_172'>172</span>Mr. John Lyons in the reign of Queen -Elizabeth; and every 4th of August a -select number of the scholars, dressed -in the habit of archers, come with their -bows, and shoot at a mark for a silver -arrow.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hartford</span>, or <span class='sc'>Hertford</span>, the county -town of Hartfordshire, is situated on the -river Lea, twenty-three miles from London, -and is a place of great antiquity. -It is said to have been of some note even -in the time of the ancient Britons; here -the Saxon Kings frequently kept their -courts, and here King Alfred built a castle, -by which he destroyed the Danish vessels -that passed from the Thames up the river -Lea. The town had its first charter -granted by Queen Mary, by which it was -made a corporation, and King James I. -granted it a new one. The town is pleasantly -situated in a dry and healthful vale, -and built in the form of a Y with a castle -in the middle of the two horns. It is governed -by a High Steward, who is generally -a nobleman, and by a Mayor, -nine Aldermen, a Recorder, a Town -Clerk, a Chamberlain, ten capital Burgesses, -with sixteen Assistants, and two -serjeants at mace. Here were five churches, -which are reduced to two. In that of St. -Andrew’s there is not only a seat for the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_173'>173</span>Mayor and Aldermen, but another for -the Governors of Christ Church hospital -in London, and a gallery, in which 200 -of the children of that hospital may be -accommodated; for the Governors have -erected an handsome house in the town -for such children, as either wanted health, -or are too young for that hospital. Here -is also a handsome free school, and three -charity schools; but tho’ the splendor of -the town is much diminished, since the -north road from London was turned -through Ware, yet the county jail is -still kept here, and the jail delivery in -the castle. This town has the honour of -giving the title of Earl to the Duke of -Somerset, and of sending two members -to parliament. The chief commodities -of its market are wool, wheat, and malt, -and it is said to send 5000 quarters of -malt weekly to London by the river Lea.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Near this town is a seat of the late Governor -Harrison, pleasantly situated on a -hill that commands a fine prospect of -the country all around; and its neighbourhood -is a seat of the Clarks, which -also enjoys a delightful situation.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hartingfordbury</span>, a village a little to -the west of Hartford, near which the -Earl Cowper has a handsome seat, built -<span class='pageno' id='Page_174'>174</span>by his father, the Lord Chancellor of that name.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hart</span> <i>alley</i>, Grub street, Fore street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hart</span> <i>court</i>, Little Knightrider’s street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hart Row</span> <i>street</i>, without Newgate.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hart</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Bloomsbury. 2. By Bow -street, Covent Garden. 3. Cripplegate. 4. -Duke street. 5. Mark lane, Fenchurch street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hartshorn</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Golden lane. 2. -Moor lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hartshorn</span> <i>lane</i>, in the Strand, lately by -Northumberland house, leading down -from the Strand to the water side; but it is -now demolished, and a handsome street -building in its room, which, it is said, -will be called Northumberland street, from -the present Earl of Northumberland to -whom it belongs.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harvey’s</span> <i>court</i>, in the Strand.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harwar’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in Kingsland road, -was founded by Mr. Samuel Harwar, -citizen and draper, in the year 1713, -for twelve single men and women, six of -whom are to be put in by the company -of Drapers, and the other six by the parish -of St. Leonard, Shoreditch: each -of whom is allowed six shillings a month, -and eighteen bushels of coals a year.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harwood’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Wellclose square. 2. -Well street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Harwood’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Holiwell street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_175'>175</span><span class='sc'>Hass</span> <i>park</i>, Wheeler street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hastewood’s</span> <i>court</i>, Blue Anchor alley.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hasting’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Ratcliff Highway.† -2. Upper Shadwell.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hat and Mitre</span> <i>court</i>, St. John’s street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hatbandmakers</span>, a company incorporated -by letters patent granted by King -Charles I. in the year 1638. They have a -Master, two Wardens, and twelve Assistants; -but have neither livery nor hall.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This fraternity during the wear of rich -hatbands, was in a flourishing condition; -but this part of dress having been many -years out of fashion, the trade of making -hatbands is almost dwindled to nothing, -so that there are at present but two or -three of the company who are really -hatbandmakers. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hatchet</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Church lane, Whitechapel. -2. East Smithfield. 3. Little Britain. -4. Little Tower hill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hate</span> <i>street</i>, Greek street, Soho.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hatfield</span>, a town in Hertfordshire, twenty -miles from London, was called Bishops-Hatfield, -from its belonging to the Bishops -of Ely. Here Theodore Archbishop of -Canterbury held a synod, against the -Eutychean opinions; and here was once -a royal palace, from whence both Edward -VI. and Queen Elizabeth were conducted -to the throne. The rectory, which is in -<span class='pageno' id='Page_176'>176</span>the Earl of Salisbury’s gift, is computed at -800<i>l.</i> a year.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Earl of Salisbury has here a noble -seat built by the great Lord Burleigh, -called Hatfield House. The park and -gardens, in which is a vineyard, is watered -by the river Lea.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hatfield</span> <i>street</i>, Goswell street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hatton</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Saffron hill. 2. Thread-needle -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hatton</span> <i>garden</i>, Holborn, a broad straight -and long street, in which the houses are -pretty lofty; but tho’ they are plain and -unadorned on the outside, yet there being -something like regularity in the buildings, -they appear to great advantage; and the -street affording a fine vista, may justly be -reckoned among the handsomest within -the liberties of the city. Mr. Strype observes, -that here was anciently situated the -mansion house of the Bishop of Ely; adjoining -to it was an orchard and pasture of -about forty acres inclosed with a wall, -which falling to the Crown at the death -of Bishop Cox, she granted it to the Lord -Chancellor Hatton, and his heirs for ever. -Upon which the house was pulled down, -and Hatton Garden, and several other -streets erected on this estate. <i>Strype’s -Stow.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hatton</span> <i>wall</i>, at the end of Hatton garden; -<span class='pageno' id='Page_177'>177</span>probably so called from its being -at the extremity of the wall of the garden -in which the street called Hatton Garden -was built. See the preceding article.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hatton</span> <i>yard</i>, Hatton Wall.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Haviland’s</span> <i>rents</i>, St. Catharine’s.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Haunch of Vension</span> <i>yard</i>, Brook street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hawkers and Pedlers</span> <i>Office</i>, for -granting licences to the hawkers and pedlers, -is kept in Holborn court, Grays Inn. -These belong to this office three commissioners, -a comptroller, a cashier, nine -riding surveyors, and a supernumerary -riding surveyor, each of whom has a salary -of 100<i>l.</i> a year. There are besides a few -other officers with smaller salaries.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Haws’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in Bow lane, Poplar, -was founded in the year 1686, for six -poor women, who besides a room have -thirty shillings a year each.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hay</span> <i>court</i>, near Newport market.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hay</span> <i>hill</i>, Dover street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Haymarket</span>, Pall Mall, a pretty long and -spacious street, in which there is the opera -house on one side, and a small theatre on the -other. It received its name from there being -a market here for hay and straw, every -Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hazelwood</span> <i>court</i>, Bunhill row.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Heathcock</span> <i>court</i>, in the Strand.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Heath’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in Almshouse row,* -<span class='pageno' id='Page_178'>178</span>in the Lower street, Islington, was founded -by John Heath, Esq; in the year 1648, -for the reception of ten decayed members -of the clothworkers company, who annually -receive from their corporation, -who are trustees for this foundation, the -sum 6<i>l.</i> each. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Heath’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Church lane, Rag Fair.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Heddon’s</span> <i>court</i>, Swallow street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Heddon’s</span> <i>street</i>, Swallow street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hedge</span> <i>alley</i>, Barnaby street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hedge</span> <i>lane</i>, Charing Cross, so called from its -being formerly inclosed all along between -two hedges. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hedgers</span> <i>court</i>, St. Thomas’s, Southwark.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hedley</span>, a village in Surry, three miles -from Epsom.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Helen’s</span> <i>Church</i>, situated in a spacious -court, on the east side of Bishopsgate street, -called Little St. Helen’s, is thus denominated -from its dedication to St. Helena, -the mother of Constantine the Great. -This church escaped the flames in 1666, -and is no ill monument of the taste of the -time in which it was erected. It is a -Gothic structure of the lighter kind; and -consists of a plain body, with large windows -not too much encumbered with -ornaments. It has a tower wrought with -rustic at the corners, and crowned with -a turret and dome in which is a bell.</p> - -<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_179'>179</span>In this church was formerly a figure -of the Trinity, and a high altar of St. -Helena, to which much devotion was -paid. The church is now a vicarage in -the patronage of the Dean and Chapter -of St. Paul’s.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the north isle is the following inscription, -on a large handsome piece of -black marble, under which are placed -the remains of the wife, son, and daughter -of Mr. Thomas Payne, bookseller.</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c017'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>Silent grave, to thee I trust</div> - <div class='line'>These precious piles of lovely dust;</div> - <div class='line'>Keep them safely, sacred tomb,</div> - <div class='line'>Till a father asks for room.</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c028'><i>Priory of St.</i> <span class='sc'>Helen’s</span>, was a convent of -Black Nuns, founded in the reign of -Henry III. by the above church; but -was surrendered to the Crown in the thirteenth -year of the reign of Henry VIII. -The nuns hall, and other houses belonging -to the priory, have been since purchased -by the leathersellers company, and -is their common hall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Helmet</span> <i>alley</i>, Fore street, Cripplegate.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Helmet</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Butcher Row, Temple -Bar.* 2. Near Catharine street, in the -Strand.* 3. Fore street, Cripplegate.* 4. -London Wall.* 5. In the Minories.* 6. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_180'>180</span>Thames street.* 7. Wormwood street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Helmet</span> <i>row</i>, Old street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hemlock</span> <i>court</i>, Carey street, Lincoln’s Inn -fields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hemming’s</span> <i>row</i>, St. Martin’s lane, Charing -Cross.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hemp</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Creechurch lane. 2. Petticoat -lane. 3. Seething lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hempsted</span>, or <span class='sc'>Hemel-Hempsted</span>, a -town in Hertfordshire, situated about -eight miles to the west of St. Alban’s, -is esteemed one of the greatest markets -for wheat in this county, if not in England: -it is kept on Thursday, and 20,0001. a -week is often returned in it for meal -only. Eleven mills stand within four -miles of the place, which bring a great -trade to it; but by this means the road is -so continually torn, that it is one of the -worst turnpike ways round London.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hen</span> <i>court</i>, Golden lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hen and Chickens</span> <i>court</i>, Fleet street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hennage</span> <i>lane</i>, Duke’s Place.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Henrietta</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Cavendish square. -2. Covent Garden.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Henry</span> <i>street</i>, Old street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hepper’s</span> <i>wharf</i>, near Puddle dock, Thames -street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hepworth’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Dancing Bridge.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Heralds</span> <i>Office</i>, or the <i>College of Arms</i>, -is situated upon St. Bennet’s hill, near -<span class='pageno' id='Page_181'>181</span>Doctors Commons, at the south west end -of St. Paul’s cathedral. This office was -destroyed by the dreadful conflagration in -1666, and rebuilt about three years after. -It is a square, inclosed by regular brick -buildings, which are extremely neat without -expensive decorations. The floors -are raised above the level of the ground, -and there is an ascent to them by flights -of plain steps. The principal front is -in the lower story ornamented with rustic, -upon which are placed four Ionic pilasters, -that support an angular pediment. -The sides which are conformable to this -have arched pediments, that are also -supported by Ionic pilasters. On the inside -is a large room for keeping the court -of honour; a library; with houses and -apartments for the King’s Heralds and -Pursuivants.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This corporation consists of thirteen -members, viz. three Kings at arms, six -Heralds at arms, and four Pursuivants -at arms; who are nominated by the -Earl Marshal of England, as ministers -subordinate to him in the execution of -their offices, and hold their places by -patent, during their good behaviour. -They are all the King’s servants in ordinary, -and therefore in the vacancy of the -office of Earl Marshal, have been sworn -<span class='pageno' id='Page_182'>182</span>into their offices by the Lord Chamberlain. -Their meetings are termed chapters, -which they hold the first Thursday -in every month, or oftener, if necessary, -wherein all matters are determined by a -majority of voices of the Kings and Heralds, -each King having two voices.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Kings are Garter, Clarenceux and -Norroy. Garter was instituted by King -Henry V. in the year 1417, for the service -of the most noble order of the Garter: -and for the dignity of that order, he -was made Sovereign, within the office of -arms, over all the other officers subject to -the crown of England, by the name of -<i>Garter King of Arms of England</i>. By the -constitution of his office he must be a -native of England, and a gentleman bearing -arms. To him belongs the correction -of arms, and all ensigns of arms usurped -or borne unjustly; and the power of granting -arms to deserving persons, and supporters -to the nobility and Knights of the -Bath. It is likewise his office to go next -before the sword in solemn processions, -none interposing, except the Marshal; to -administer the oath to all the officers of -arms; to have a habit like the register of -the order; with Baron’s service in the -court, and lodgings in Windsor Castle; -he bears his white rod with a banner of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_183'>183</span>the ensigns of the order thereon before -the Sovereign; when any Lord enters -the parliament chamber, it is his post to -assign him his place, according to his -dignity and degree; to carry the ensigns -of the order to foreign Princes, and to do, -or procure to be done, what the Sovereign -shall enjoin relating to the order; for the -execution of which he has a salary of -100<i>l.</i> a year payable at the Exchequer, -and 100<i>l.</i> more out of the revenue of -the order; besides his fees.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The others are called Provincial Kings, -and their provinces together, comprise -the whole kingdom of England; that of -Clarenceux comprehending all to the -south of the river Trent; and that of -Norroy, all to the north of that river: -but tho’ these provincials have existed time -immemorial, they were not constituted -to these offices by the titles of Clarenceux -and Norroy before Edward III.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Clarenceux is thus named from the -Duke of Clarence, the third son of King -Edward III. It is his duty, according to -his commission, to visit his province, to -survey the arms of all persons, &c. and -to register their descents, marriages, &c. -to marshal the funerals of all persons in -his province not under the direction of -Garter; and in his province to grant arms, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_184'>184</span>with the consent of the Earl Marshal. -Before the institution of Garter he was -the principal officer of arms, and in the -vacancy of Garter he executes his office. -Besides his fees, he has a salary from the -Exchequer of 40<i>l.</i> a year.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The duty and office of Norroy, or North -Roy, that is North King, is the same on -the north of the Trent, as that of Clarenceux -on the south.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Kings of arms were formerly -erected by the Sovereign with great solemnity, -upon some high festival; but since -the ceremonies used at the creation of -Peers have been laid aside, the Kings of -arms have been created by the Earl Marshal, -by virtue of the Sovereign’s warrant: -upon this occasion he takes his oath; -wine is poured upon his head out of a -gilt cup, with a cover; his title is pronounced; -and he invested with a tabart -of the royal arms, richly embroidered -upon velvet; a collar of SS. with two portcullises -of silver gilt; a gold chain, with -a badge of his office, and the Earl Marshal -places on his head the crown of a King -of arms, which formerly resembled a -ducal coronet; but since the restoration -it has been adorned with leaves resembling -those of the oak, and circumscribed, -according to ancient custom, with the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_185'>185</span>words, <span class='sc'>Miserere mei Deus secundum -magnam misericordiam -tuam</span>. Garter has also a mantle of -crimson sattin, as an officer of the order; -with a white rod or scepter with the Sovereign’s -arms on the top, which he bears -in the presence of the Sovereign; and he -is sworn in a chapter of the Garter, the -Sovereign investing him with the ensigns -of his office.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Kings of arms are distinguished -from each other by their respective -badges, which they may wear at all -times, either in a gold chain or a ribbon, -Garter’s being blue and the Provincials -purple.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The six Heralds are Windsor, Chester, -Lancaster, York, Richmond, and Somerset, -who take place according to -seniority in office. They are created with -the same ceremonies as the Kings, taking -the oath of an Herald, and are inverted -with a tabart of the royal arms, embroidered -upon sattin, not so rich as the -Kings, but better than the Pursuivants, -and a silver collar of SS. They are Esquires -by creation, and have a salary of -26<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i> <i>per annum</i>, and fees -according to their degree.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Kings and Heralds are sworn upon -a sword as well as the book, to shew -<span class='pageno' id='Page_186'>186</span>that they are military, as well as civil officers.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The four Pursuivants, who are, Rougecroix, -Bluemantle, Rougedragon, and -Portcullis, are also created by the Earl -Marshal, when they take their oath of a -Pursuivant, and are invested with a tabart -of the royal arms upon damask. They -have a salary of 20<i>l.</i> a year, with fees -according to their degree. It is the duty -of the Heralds and Pursuivants, to attend -in the public office, one of each class together, -by a monthly rotation.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Besides these particular duties of the -several classes, it is the general duty both of -the Kings, Heralds, and Pursuivants, to -attend his Majesty at the house of Peers, -and, upon certain high festivals, to -the chapel royal; to make proclamations; -to marshal the proceedings at all public -processions; to attend the installation of -the Knights of the Garter, &c.</p> - -<p class='c010'>All these officers have apartments in -the college, annexed to their respective -offices. They have likewise a public hall, -in which is a court for the Earl Marshal, -where courts of chivalry are occasionally -held, and the officers of arms attend in -their tabarts, his Lordship being present. -Their public library contains a large and -valuable collection of original records of -the pedigrees and arms of families, funeral -<span class='pageno' id='Page_187'>187</span>certificates of the nobility and gentry, -public ceremonials, and other branches -of heraldry and antiquities; and -there have been few works published, -relating to the history and antiquities of -this kingdom, in which the authors have -not received some assistance from this library, -where attendance is daily given by -two officers for the public emolument. -<i>Instructions communicated by Stephen Martin -Leake, Esq; Garter King of Arms, to -Mr. Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Herbert’s</span> <i>grounds</i>, Bandyleg Walk.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Herbert’s</span> <i>passage</i>, Beaufort Buildings.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hercules Pillars</span> <i>alley</i>, Fleet street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hercules</span> <i>yard</i>, Turnmill street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hermitage</span> <i>bridge</i>, Hermitage dock.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hermitage</span> <i>court</i>, Red Maid lane, near -the Hermitage.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hermitage</span>, Dock side. There were formerly -several hermitages on the ground on -which London now stands.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hermitage</span> <i>stairs</i>, Wapping.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hermitage</span> <i>street</i>, Wapping.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hermitage</span> <i>yard</i>, Parish street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Heron’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Marsham street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hertford’s</span> <i>court</i>, Fenchurch street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Heston</span>, a village in Middlesex, to the -north west of Hounslow.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hewet’s</span> <i>court</i>, in the Strand.†</p> - -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_188'>188</span><span class='sc'>Hewey</span> <i>court</i>, near Halfmoon street, in the -Strand.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Heydon</span> <i>court</i>, Heydon square.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Heydon</span> <i>passage</i>, Heydon square.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Heydon</span> <i>square</i>, on the east side of the -Minories.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Heydon</span> <i>yard</i>, Heydon square.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hickman’s</span> <i>court</i>, Mill street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hick’s</span> <i>court</i>, Shoreditch.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hicks’s Hall</span>, in St. John’s street, facing -West Smithfield, is the county hall in -which the justices of Middlesex hold their -sessions. This is a very plain brick edifice -with a portico at the entrance. It -was built by Sir Baptist Hicks, Viscount -Campden, who was for some time a mercer -in Cheapside, and died in 1629, and -from him it received its name. <i>Stow.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hicks’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Angel alley, Little Moorfields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hide Park</span>, is in a very fine situation to -the west of the new buildings of London, -from which it extends to Kensington; it -being encompassed by a wall, and well -stocked with deer. There is a place in -it called the <i>Ring</i>, which used formerly -to be frequented by people of fashion in -their coaches. Mr. Misson, who published -an account of his travels over England, -speaking of this <i>Ring</i>, which was then -<span class='pageno' id='Page_189'>189</span>in vogue, says, “The coaches drive round -and round, and when they have turned -for some time round one way, they face -about and turn t’other: so rolls the -world.” Here is a bason of water, -formed to supply the above-mentioned -new buildings, and a fine serpentine river. -There are several good prospects from it. -A magazine for gunpowder has been -lately built in this Park near the Ring.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hide Park</span> <i>corner</i>, Piccadilly, by the corner -of Hide Park.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hide Park</span> <i>street</i>, Hide Park.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hide</span> <i>street</i>, Bloomsbury.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hide’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. King street, Golden -square.† 2. Noble street.† 3. Hide’s -rents, Chick lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>High Holborn</span>, that part of Holborn beyond -the bars, and out of the liberties of -the city.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>High Holborn Liberty</span>, which consists -of that part without the bars, is one of -the two liberties in the county of Middlesex -and hundred of Osulston, belonging -to the parish of St. Andrew, Holborn; -though by its separate government, (exclusive -of that of the church) it acts in all -respects as if independent. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>High</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Aldgate. 2. Coverlead’s -fields. 3. St. Giles’s.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>High Timber</span> <i>street</i>, Broken Wharf.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_190'>190</span><span class='sc'>Highgate</span>, a large and populous village in -Middlesex, a little above four miles north -of London, is so called from its high situation -on the top of a hill, and a gate -erected there above 400 years ago, to receive -toll for the Bishop of London; upon -an old miry road from Grays Inn lane to -Barnet, being turned through that Bishop’s -park. The church, which is a very old -edifice, is a chapel of ease to Pancras and -Hornsey; and where it stands was formerly -an hermitage; near which the Lord -Chief Baron Cholmondeley built and endowed -a free school in 1562, which was -enlarged in the year 1570, by Edwin -Sandys, Bishop of London, and a chapel -added to it. There are also here several -dissenting meeting houses. On the side -next London, the fineness of the prospect -over the city, as far as Shooter’s hill, and -below Greenwich, has occasioned several -handsome edifices to be built; particularly -a very fine house erected by the late -Sir William Ashurst. It is remarkable -that most of the public houses in Highgate -have a large pair of horns placed -over the sign; and that when any of the -country people stop for refreshment, a pair -of large horns fixed to the end of a staff, -is brought to them, and they are earnestly -pressed to be sworn. If they consent, a -<span class='pageno' id='Page_191'>191</span>kind of burlesque oath is administered; -that they will never eat brown bread -when they can get white; never kiss the -maid when they can kiss the mistress; -and abundance of other things of the -same kind, which they repeat after the -person who brings the horns, with one -hand fixed upon them. This ridiculous -ceremony is altered according to the sex of -the person who is sworn; who is allowed to -add to each article, except I like the other -better; the whole being over, he or she -must kiss the horns, and pay a shilling -for the oath, to be spent among the -company, to which he or she belongs.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Highgate</span> <i>road</i>, Tottenham court.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hilliard’s</span> <i>court</i>, Old Gravel lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hillington</span>, or <span class='sc'>Hillingdon</span>, the name -of two villages in Middlesex, situated -near each other, at a small distance from -Uxbridge, and distinguished by the -epithets Great and Little. The church of -Great Hillington is a vicarage, to which -the town of Uxbridge is a hamlet, and -here Meinhardt, late Duke of Schomberg -had a seat; and Mr. Chetwynd has -one at Little Hillington.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hill’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in Rochester row, Tothill -fields, was erected in the year 1708, -pursuant to the will of Emery Hill, Esq; -for the use of six poor men and their wives, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_192'>192</span>and six poor widows. The former are -allowed 7<i>l.</i> 4<i>s.</i> and a chaldron of coals -every year; and the latter 5<i>l.</i> and a chaldron -of coals <i>per annum</i>, and a gown -every other year.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The same gentleman erected an almshouse -in Petty France, Westminster, in -the year 1677, for the reception of three -men and their wives; but left it to be -endowed out of the surplusage of the -above almshouse; however it does not -appear that there ever was any surplus. -<i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hill’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Helmet court, Butcher Row, -near Temple Bar.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hill’s</span> <i>wharf</i>, Wapping Wall.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hill’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Shoreditch.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hind</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Coleman street, Lothbury. -2. Drury lane. 3. Fleet street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hind’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Maiden lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hind’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Maze Pond street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hinton’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in Plough alley, Barbican, -was erected in the year 1732,pursuant -to the will of Alice Hinton, of Hackney, -widow, who bequeathed the sum of -2000<i>l.</i> for erecting and endowing an -almshouse for twelve poor widows of the -parish of St. Giles, Cripplegate; but the -building was only erected for six, occasioned, -it is said, by the loss of effects at -sea, and 700<i>l.</i> by African stock. Each -<span class='pageno' id='Page_193'>193</span>widow has, however, two neat rooms, -and the house is endowed with 22<i>l.</i> <i>per -annum</i>, arising from ground rent. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hitchcock’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Newington Causeway.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hoar’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Bishopsgate street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hobbin’s</span> <i>court</i>, Long lane, Southwark.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hobb’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Marigold street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hockenhuil’s</span> <i>court</i>, Black Eagle street, -Spitalfields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hockley</span> <i>in the Hole</i>, near Clerkenwell.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hoddesdon</span>, a hamlet situated on the -river Lea, in the parish of Amswell -and Brocksbourn in Hertfordshire, nineteen -miles from London. Queen Elizabeth -granted a grammar school to be -kept here, and an almshouse was founded -in the reign of King Henry VI. by -Richard Rich, Sheriff of London. It is -a great thoroughfare on the north road, -and has a market on Thursday, and fair -eleven days after St. Peter’s.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hodge’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Nightingale lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hog</span> <i>alley</i>, East Smithfield.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hog Island</span>, Liquorpond street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hog</span> <i>land</i>, 1. St. Giles’s Pound.* 2. Norton -Falgate.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hog</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. East Smithfield.* 2. Flemish -church yard.* 3. Kent street.* 4. Liquorpond -street. 5. Tothill street.* 6. -White’s yard, Rosemary lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_194'>194</span><span class='sc'>Holand’s</span> <i>court</i>, Back alley, Wapping.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holand’s Legure</span>, near Green walk.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holand’s Legure</span> <i>walk</i>, Green walk.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holand</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Black Friars. 2. Great -Wardour street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holborn</span>, extends from the bottom of -Snow hill to Broad St. Giles’s. This -street was anciently a village called Oldborne, -built on the bank of a brook or -borne called Olborne, or Holbourn, that -sprung up near Middle row, and flowed -down the hill in a clear current, till it fell -into the river of Wells at Holborn bridge. -Along this rivulet the village gradually -extended itself west ward, and communicated -its name to this long and spacious -street, afterwards built upon the same -spot. This brook now runs the same -course along the common sewer. Holborn -was first paved from the bridge to the -bars in the year 1535.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holborn</span> <i>bars</i>, near the end of Gray’s Inn -lane, where the liberties of the city end -on that side.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holborn</span> <i>bridge</i>, a bridge erected over -Fleet ditch, at the bottom of Holborn -hill, where the river of Wells, also called -Turnmill brook, fell into it.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holborn</span> <i>court</i>, the first court in Gray’s -Inn, on passing through the gate out of -Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_195'>195</span><span class='sc'>Holborn</span> <i>hill</i>, the descent at the east end -of Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holborn</span> <i>row</i>, Lincoln’s Inn fields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holden</span>, or <i>Nonsuch court</i>, Gracechurch -street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holding</span> <i>street</i>, Rotherhith.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hole in the Wall</span>, Little Russel street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hole in the Wall</span> <i>yard</i>, Goddard’s rents.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holford</span> <i>alley</i>, Drury lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holford</span> <i>court</i>, Fenchurch street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holford’s</span> <i>walk</i>, Fore street, Lambeth.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holiday’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Blue Anchor alley.† -2. Narrow Wall.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holiday’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Creed lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holiwell</span>, a fine spring, now choaked up -with soil and a hill of rubbish called -Holiwell Mount, near Shoreditch. This -spring, in the times of popery, was famed -for its miraculous virtues, and thence obtained -the name of <i>Holy</i>.</p> - -<p class='c010'>A little to the south of this well, but -within its precinct, stood an ancient priory -of Benedictine nuns, which after many -repairs, was rebuilt by Sir Thomas Lovel, -Knight of the Garter, in the reigns -of Henry VII. and VIII. who also gave -to this priory a considerable benefaction -in land, and was here buried in a chapel -which he himself had erected. In commemoration -of this benefactor, the following -<span class='pageno' id='Page_196'>196</span>lines were curiously painted in most -of the glass windows:</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c017'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'><i>All the nunnes in Holiwell,</i></div> - <div class='line'><i>Pray for the soul of Thomas Lovel.</i></div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c029'>This priory, at the general suppression of -monasteries, was surrendered to Henry VIII. -in the year 1539, and its ruins are still to -be seen in St. John’s court in Holiwell -lane: the populace unjustly consider these -as the remains of St. John’s palace, tho’ -it does not appear that ever any royal -mansion was in this neighbourhood.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holiwell</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Holiwell lane, Shoreditch. -2. St. Catharine’s.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holiwell</span> <i>lane</i>, 1. Shoreditch. 2. St. Catharine’s, -Tower hill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holiwell</span> <i>mount</i>, Holiwell lane, Shoreditch.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holiwell</span> <i>row</i>, Horseshoe alley, Shoreditch.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holiwell</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Shoreditch. 2. In the -Strand; so called from its neighbourhood -to St. Clement’s well.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holland House</span>, a little beyond Kensington, -is a fine old large Gothic structure -built of brick, very pleasantly situated -on a rising ground, and is at present -the seat of the right Hon. Henry Fox. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_197'>197</span>The celebrated Mr. Addison, who married -the Countess of Warwick, lived in -this house.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holles’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in Great St. Helen’s, -near Bishopsgate street, was founded by -the Lady Holles, relict of Sir William -Holles, Lord Mayor of London, in the -year 1539, for six poor men or women, -and endowed with 10<i>l.</i> a year, out of -which each person was to receive 7<i>d.</i> a -week, and the surplus to be laid out in -coals for their use.</p> - -<p class='c010'>As an addition to this foundation, Alice -Smith of London, widow, devised lands -to the value of 15<i>l.</i> a year; which, with -the above mentioned, being greatly increased -in their revenues, the company -of Skinners, who are the trustees, have -rebuilt the house in a handsome manner, -and augmented the pensions of the poor. -<i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hollis</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Clare market.† 2. Oxford -street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><i>The</i> <span class='sc'>Hollow</span>, near Brick lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holloway</span> <i>court</i>, Nevil’s court, Rosemary -lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hollybush</span> <i>court</i>, St. Clement’s, Temple -Bar.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holman’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Bunhill row.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Holywell.</span> See <span class='sc'>Holiwell</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_198'>198</span><span class='sc'>Homerton</span>, a hamlet belonging to Hackney.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Honesty’s</span> <i>square</i>, Chick lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Honesty’s</span> <i>yard</i>, St. James’s court, Chick -lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Honey</span> <i>court yard</i>, Ailesbury street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Honey</span> <i>lane</i>, Cheapside.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Honey</span> <i>lane market</i>, behind the north side -of Cheapside, facing Bow church. After -the fire of London, Honey lane, and other -buildings, were converted into this market, -among which was the parish church -of Allhallows Honey lane. It is the smallest -market in the city, being but 193 feet -in length from east to west, and 97 from -north to south. In the middle is a market -house, which stands on pillars, has -rooms over it, and is crowned with a bell -tower. In this market there are 135 standing -stalls for butchers covered over, and -also several stalls for fruiterers; the passages -into it are inhabited by fishmongers, -poulterers, &c. It is famous for the goodness -of the provisions sold there, with -which it is well supplied on Mondays, -Wednesdays, Fridays, and Saturdays.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Honeysuckle</span> <i>court</i>, Grub street, Fore -street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hooker’s</span> <i>court</i>, St. Nicholas lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hooke’s Hole</span> <i>yard</i>, Upper Ground street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_199'>199</span><span class='sc'>Hoop</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Old street.* 2. Portpool lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hoop</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Little Swan alley.* 2. New -Fish street hill.* 3. In the Strand.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hooper’s</span> <i>square</i>, Goodman’s fields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hooper’s</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Brick lane, Spitalfields.† -2. Tooley street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hop</span> <i>garden</i>, St. Martin’s lane, Charing -Cross.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hopkin’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Crown alley, Tooley street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hopkin’s</span> <i>row</i>, near Petty France, Westminster.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hopkin’s</span> <i>street</i>, Broad street, Poland street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hopton’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in the parish of Christ -Church, Surry, was founded by Charles -Hopton, Esq; for twenty-six poor men, -who have been housekeepers and come to -decay, each of whom has an upper and -lower room, with 10<i>l.</i> a year paid monthly, -and a chaldron of coals. The building -is handsome, neat, and spacious. The -founder died in the year 1730, and the -poor men were first admitted two years after -by the minister and two churchwardens of -that parish, and ten other gentlemen, who -are trustees for the management of this -charity.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hopton</span> <i>street</i>, Berwick street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horn</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. Liquorpond -street.* 3. Tower street, Tower -hill.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horn</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Basing lane.* 2. Beer lane, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_200'>200</span>Tower street, near Tower hill.* 3. Peter -street, Westminster.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horn Tavern</span> <i>court</i>, St. Margaret’s lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horn</span> <i>yard</i>, Goodman’s fields.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hornchurch</span>, a town near Rumford in -Essex, was formerly called Horn Monastery -from a large pair of leaden horns; -which, according to tradition, were placed -there by a certain King, who disliking its -former name Hore Church, so called from -its being built by a whore, in order to attone -for her sins, altered its name by setting -up the horns.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horners</span>, a company incorporated by letters -patent granted by King Charles I. in -the year 1638. They are governed by a -Master, two Wardens, and nine Assistants; -but have neither livery nor hall.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the reign of Henry IV. this company -was greatly reduced, by the almost general -exportation of horns; when applying -to parliament in the year 1465, it was -enacted, that from thenceforward no other -horns should be exported, but such as -were refused by the horners of this city -and kingdom, on the penalty of forfeiture: -and for the more effectual execution -of this law, the Wardens of the company -of Horners of this city were impowered -to search for all such goods -and merchandize, both wrought and unwrought, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_201'>201</span>not only within this city and 20 -miles round, but in the fairs of Sturbridge -and Ely, and all such goods as were found -bad and unmarketable were to be forfeited. -<i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hornsey</span>, a village in Middlesex, five miles -from London. About a mile nearer this, -is a coppice of young trees, called <i>Hornsey -Wood</i>, at the entrance of which is a genteel -public house, to which great numbers of -persons resort from the city. This house -being situated on the top of a hill, affords -a delightful prospect of the neighbouring -country.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horns</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Cloth fair, East Smithfield.* -2. Kent street.* 3. Peter street, Westster. -4. Stony street.* 5. Whitechapel.*</p> -<p class='c009'><i>Master of the</i> <span class='sc'>Horse</span>. See the article <span class='sc'>Master -of the Horse</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horse and Groom</span> <i>yard</i>, Wood street, -Westminster.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horse and Trumpet</span> <i>yard</i>, Poor Jewry -lane, Aldgate.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horse Guards</span>, a noble modern edifice -opposite to the Banquetting-house, Whitehall. -It consists of a center and two wings, -and has an air of solidity perfectly agreeable -to the nature of the building. It -receives its name from the horse guards, -who while the King is at St. James’s -<span class='pageno' id='Page_202'>202</span>are here on duty, two at a time being -constantly mounted and completely armed, -under two handsome slope porches -detached from the building, and erected -to shelter them from the weather. This -structure is equally calculated for the use -of the foot as well as the horse on duty.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the center of this edifice is an arched -passage into St. James’s Park, and the -building over this has a pediment, in -which are the King’s arms in bass relief. -But this arch, as it is the passage of his -Majesty to and from the house of Peers, -should have been more lofty and noble. -At each extreme of this center is a pavilion. -But the cupola, which is not seen -in the view represented in the plate of the -Treasury, has but little to recommend it. -The middle face of the cupola presents a -dial; and the aperture in the lower part -of this, and on the several stages of the -other, are well calculated to break the -plainness, without weakening the building, -either in reality or appearance. -The wings are plainer than the center. -They each consist of a fore front, projecting -a little, with ornamented windows in -the principal story, and a plain one in the -sides. Each has its pediment, with a circular -window in the center: and the whole -has a proper air of strength and plainness.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_203'>203</span><span class='sc'>Horse</span> <i>walk</i>, Windmill hill, Moorfields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horse and Cart</span> <i>yard</i>, St. John’s street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horseferry</span> <i>bank</i>, Millbank, Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horseferry</span> <i>lane</i>, Fore street, Lambeth.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horseferry</span> <i>road</i>, Tothill fields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horselydown</span>, Tooley street. All the -tract called Horselydown, including the -streets, square and lane of the same name, -was originally a grazing ground, whence -it was denominated <i>Horse Down</i>, which -by corruption was changed to <i>Horselydown</i>. -<i>Stow, last edit.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horselydown</span> <i>fair street</i>, near Free school -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horselydown</span> <i>Old lane</i>, Horselydown.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horselydown</span> <i>square</i>, Shad Thames.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horselydown</span> <i>stairs</i>, Horselydown.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horselydown</span> <i>street</i>, St. Olave’s, Southwark.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horsemonger</span> <i>lane</i>, near Blackman street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horseshoe</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Anchor street.* 2. -Bank side, Southwark.* 3. Bunhill row.* -4. Fashion street.* 5. Golden lane.* 6. -Maiden lane.* 7. Moorfields.* 8. Petticoat -lane. 9. Petty France. 10. Thread-needle -street.* 11. Whitechapel.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horseshoe Alley</span> <i>stairs</i>, Bank side.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horseshoe</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Bridge yard, Tooley -street.* 2. Clement’s lane, near Temple -Bar.* 3. Cock lane, West Smithfield.* -<span class='pageno' id='Page_204'>204</span>4. Fashion street.* 5. Giltspur street, -without Newgate.* 6. Old street.* 7. -Peter street, Hicks’s hall.* 8. Seething -lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horseshoe</span> <i>passage</i>, Blowbladder street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Horseshoe</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Brook street.* 2. Old -Gravel lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hosier</span> <i>lane</i>, West Smithfield; so called -from its being formerly inhabited by the -hosiers. <i>Stow.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hoskin’s</span> <i>court</i>, Hartshorn lane, in the -Strand.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hospital</span> <i>passage</i>, leading from Christ’s -hospital into Butcherhall lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hospital</span> <i>walk</i>, Hoxton.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Houghton</span> <i>street</i>, Clare market.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hotwater</span> <i>alley</i>, Paris Garden lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hovel</span>, Hog lane, Norton Falgate.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Houndsditch</span>, extends from Bishopsgate -street without to Aldgate street within, -and runs along the outside of the city -wall. Here was formerly the city moat, -which obtained the name of Houndsditch, -from the number of dead dogs -flung into it; and this ditch being filled -up, the street built upon it obtained the -same name. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hounslow</span>, a village 12 miles north of London, -on the edge of the heath of the same -name, which is equally famous for horse-races -and robberies. There are here a -<span class='pageno' id='Page_205'>205</span>chapel and a charity school. The village -belongs to two parishes, the north side of -the street to Hefton, and the south to -Isleworth. In this place was formerly a -convent of mendicant friars, who by their -institution were to beg alms for the ransom -of captives taken by the infidels. On -its dissolution by King Henry VIII. that -Prince gave it to the Lord Windsor, and -it was afterwards purchased by Mr. Auditor -Roan.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Housewife</span> <i>alley</i>, Old Bethlem.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>Master of the</i> <span class='sc'>Houshold</span>. See the article -<span class='sc'>Master of the Houshold</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Howard</span> <i>street</i>, Norfolk street. Lord Arundel’s -house stood there, and from thence -both Arundel and Norfolk street had their -names.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Howard’s</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Angel alley.† 2. Back -street, Lambeth.† 3. Clerkenwell close.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Howard’s Causeway</span> <i>alley</i>, Narrow -Wall.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Howford’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Fenchurch street.† -St. Nicholas lane, Lombard street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hoxton</span>, near Shoreditch. This was for -many ages a village, and in the Conqueror’s -Survey is named <i>Hocheston</i>: but -by the increase of buildings it has been -for some time past joined to this metropolis.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_206'>206</span><span class='sc'>Hoxton</span> <i>market</i>, Hoxton.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hoxton</span> <i>road</i>, Hoxton.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hoxton</span> <i>square</i>, Hoxton.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hoyle’s</span> <i>court</i>, Noble street, Foster lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hubbart’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Houndsditch.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hubbart’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Brown’s lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hucker’s</span> <i>court</i>, St. Nicholas lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hudson’s Bay</span> <i>Company</i>. Though the extensive -countries to which this Company -trade, were discovered by Sir Sebastian -Cabot, in the year 1497, yet this commerce -does not seem to have been fully -settled till after the year 1670, at which -time King Charles II. by his letters patent -incorporated the adventurers by the -title of <i>The Governor and Company of the -Adventurers of England trading into Hudson’s -Bay</i>, and granted them and their -successors for ever, all the streights, bays, -seas, rivers, lakes, creeks, islands, shores, -lands, territories and places whatsoever, -within Hudson’s Streights and Hudson’s -Bay.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This Company carry on a considerable -trade to the above places by a joint stock, -and have settled several small factories, to -which the natives repair with their rich -furs, skins, and other commodities of the -country, which they exchange for those -of England.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This corporation is under the direction -of a Governor, Deputy Governor, and -<span class='pageno' id='Page_207'>207</span>seven Assistants, who have a hall which -stands backward in the south side of Fenchurch -street. This is a very fine brick -building, adorned with pilasters, architraves, -&c. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hudson’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Tower hill.† 2. Vine -street, Little Chandos street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Huet’s</span> <i>court</i>, in the Strand.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Huet’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Grub street, Fore street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Huggen</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Wood street, Cheapside. -2. Huggen lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Huggen</span> <i>lane</i>, Thames street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hugh’s</span> <i>court</i>, Water lane, Black Friars.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hulbert’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, a very handsome -building contiguous to St. Peter’s hospital -at Newington Butts. See <span class='sc'>Fishmongers</span> -<i>Almshouse</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Humfrey’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Shoreditch.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hungerford</span> <i>market</i>, near the west end of -the Strand, and at a small distance from -the Thames. In this place was anciently -a large house, with a garden, the seat -of Sir Edward Hungerford, which he -converted into buildings. There is here -a good market house, and over it a French -church: but the market house turns to -little account, notwithstanding its convenient -situation for the gardeners to land -their greens, &c. at the stairs.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hungerford</span> <i>stairs</i>, Hungerford market.†</p> - -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_208'>208</span><span class='sc'>Hungerford Stairs</span> <i>passage</i>, Hungerford -market.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hungerford</span> <i>street</i>, in the Strand, leading -to the market.†</p> -<p class='c009'><i>Common</i> <span class='sc'>Hunt</span>. See <span class='sc'>Common</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hunt’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Castle street, Leicester -fields.† 2. Hunt’s street.† 3. St. Martin’s -lane, Charing Cross.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hunt’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Goswell street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hunt’s</span> <i>street</i>, Spicer’s street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hunt’s</span> <i>wharf</i>, near Thames street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hurst’s</span> <i>gardens</i>, St. George’s fields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Husband’s</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Near Berwick street.† -2. By Knave’s acre.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hussey’s</span> <i>alley</i>. Wood street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hutchinson’s</span> <i>wharf</i>, Milford lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hydon</span> <i>square</i>, near the east end of the -Minories.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hydon</span> <i>square court</i>, Hydon square.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Hydon</span> <i>yard</i>, leading from the Minories to -Hydon square.†</p> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i232.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c007'>I J.</h2> -</div> -<p class='c008'><span class='sc'>Jack Adams’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Saffron hill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jack</span> <i>alley</i>, Bow lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jackanapes</span> <i>row</i>, Cheapside.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jackson’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Bow street, Covent garden.†</p> - -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_209'>209</span><span class='sc'>Jackson’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in College yard, Deadman’s -Place, Southwark, was founded in -the year 1685, by Mr. Henry Jackson, -for two poor women, who have each an -allowance of 1<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i> per week.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jackson’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Black Friars.† 2. Gravel -lane.† 3. White street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jackson’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Gravel lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jack Straw’s Castle</span> <i>yard</i>, Saltpetre -Bank.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jacob’s</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Barnaby street.† 2. Goswell -street.† 3. Turnmill street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jacob’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Cow Cross.† 2. Peter -street, Turnmill street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jacob’s</span> <i>street</i>, Mill street, Rotherhith.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jacob’s Well</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Nightingale lane.* -2. Thames street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jacob’s Well</span> <i>yard</i>, Nightingale lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jamaica</span> <i>street</i>, Rotherhith.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>James’s</span> <i>Clerkenwell</i>, situated on the -north side of Clerkenwell Green, is a -part of the church of the ancient priory; -and is thus denominated from its dedication -to St. James the Minor, Bishop of -Jerusalem. This priory was founded so -early as the year 1100, and the church -belonging to it not only served the nuns -but the neighbouring inhabitants. The -priory was dissolved by King Henry VIII. -in the year 1539, and the church was -<span class='pageno' id='Page_210'>210</span>immediately made parochial. See <span class='sc'>Clerkenwell</span>.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The steeple of this edifice being greatly -decayed by age, a part of it fell down -in the year 1623, upon which the parish -contracted with a person to rebuild it; -but the builder being desirous of getting -as much as possible by the job, raised the -new work upon the old foundation, and -carried it on with the utmost expedition; -but before it was entirely finished, it fell -down, and destroyed part of the church, -which were both soon after rebuilt, as -they are at present.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This church is a very heavy structure, -partly Gothic, which was the original -form, and partly Tuscan. The body, -though it has not the least appearance of -elegance, is well enlightened, and the -steeple consists of a low heavy tower -crowned with a turret.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The church is a curacy in the gift of -the parishioners.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>James’s</span> <i>Duke’s Place</i>, near Aldgate, is -a very old church, it having escaped the -great conflagration in 1666, that was destructive, -to so many others, and still remains -in its original form. The body -is well enlightened, and the tower, which -is composed of four stages, is terminated -<span class='pageno' id='Page_211'>211</span>by a very singular kind of turret in the -form of a canopy.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This church is a curacy, the patronage -of which being in the Lord Mayor and -Commonalty of London, the parish claims -a right of exemption from the Bishop of -London’s jurisdiction, in matters ecclesiastical. -The Incumbent receives about -60<i>l.</i> a year by tithes, and 13<i>l.</i> a year -from the Chamber of London. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>James’s</span> <i>Garlickhith</i>, is situated at the -east end of Garlic Hill, and is thus denominated -from its dedication to St. James -one of the apostles, and its vicinity to a -garlic market anciently held in this neighbourhood. -This church being destroyed -by the fire of London, the foundation of -the present edifice was laid in the year -1676, and the church was finished in -1682. <i>Stow.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>This church, which, as well as both -the former, is built of stone, is well enlightened, -and is seventy-five feet in length, -and forty-five in breadth; the roof is -forty feet high, and the steeple ninety-eight -feet. The tower is divided into -three stages; in the lowest is a very elegant -door, with coupled columns of the -Corinthian order: in the second stage is -a pretty large window, and over it the -form of a circular one not opened: over -<span class='pageno' id='Page_212'>212</span>this, in the third story, is another window -larger than any of the former, and the -cornice above this supports a range of -open work in the place of battlements, -or a balustrade. From hence rises the -turret, which is composed of four stages, -and decorated with columns, scrolls, and -other ornaments. The parts are all regular, -and even elegant, but the whole -is too massy. <i>English Architecture.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>This church is a rectory, the patronage -of which is in the Bishop of London. -The Rector receives 100<i>l.</i> <i>per annum</i>, in -lieu of tithes.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>James’s</span> <i>Westminster</i>, by St. James’s -square, is one of the churches that owes -its rise to the increase of buildings and inhabitants; -for the church of St. Martin’s -in the Fields being too small for the inhabitants, -and too remote from those in this -quarter, the Earl of St. Alban’s, with -other persons of distinction in that neighbourhood, -erected this edifice at the expence -of about 7000<i>l.</i> It was built in -the reign of King Charles II. and tho’ a -large fabric, was considered as a chapel -of ease to St. Martin’s; but being consecrated -in 1684, it was dedicated to St. -James, in compliment to the name of the -Duke of York, and the next year, when -that Prince had ascended the throne, the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_213'>213</span>district for which it was built, was by -act of parliament separated from St. Martin’s, -and made a distinct parish.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The walls are brick, supported by rustic -quoins of stone; and the windows, -which are large, are also cased with -stone. The tower at the east end, rises -regularly from the ground to a considerable -height, and is crowned with a neat, -well constructed spire.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This church is a rectory, in the patronage -of the Bishop of London. <i>Maitland.</i> -<i>Stow.</i> <i>English Architecture.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>James</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Berry street, Piccadilly. 2. -James street, Featherstone street. 3. James -street, Theobald’s row.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>James’s</span> <i>Market</i>, by Market street, is a -place of considerable extent, with a commodious -market house in the middle, -filled with butchers shops, &c. The stalls -in the market place are for country butchers, -higlers, &c.</p> - -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i238a.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>S<sup>t</sup>. James’s Palace, view’d from Pall Mall.</i><br /><i>S. Wale delin.</i> <i>J. Green sc. Oxon.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i238b.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>The Same from the Park.</i><br /><i>S. Wale delin.</i> <i>J. Green sc. Oxon.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c024'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>James’s</span> <i>Palace</i>. On the place where -this edifice stands, was once an hospital -dedicated to St. James, originally founded -by the citizens of London for only fourteen -maids afflicted with the leprosy, who -were to live a chaste and devout life; but -afterwards new donations increased the -extent of the charity, and eight brethren -were added, to minister divine service. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_214'>214</span>This hospital, which is mentioned in a -manuscript of the Cotton library, so early -as in the year 1100, was at length suppressed -by King Henry VIII. who allowed -the sisters pensions during the term of -their lives, and taking down the edifice -built a palace in its room, which retained -the name of the hospital, and is still standing. -In this edifice our Kings have resided -ever since Whitehall was consumed -by fire in 1697, and his Majesty usually -resides here during the winter season: -but though it is pleasantly situated on the -north side of the Park, and has very convenient, -and not inelegant apartments, it -is an irregular brick building, without -having one single beauty on the outside to -recommend it, and is at once the contempt -of foreign nations, and the disgrace -of our own. In the front next St. James’s -street, there appears little more than an -old gatehouse; and on passing through -the gate we enter a little square court, -with a piazza on the west side of it leading -to the grand stair case; the buildings -are low, plain, and mean; and there are -two other courts beyond, which have not -much of the air of a palace. The windows -however look into a pleasant garden, -and command a view of St. James’s -Park, which seem to be the only advantage -<span class='pageno' id='Page_215'>215</span>this edifice enjoys, above many others -devoted to charity. This palace claims a -print, as it is the dwelling of a British -Monarch, having otherwise not the least -beauty to recommend it. The print -shews both sides of it.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In other kingdoms the attention of foreigners -is first struck with the magnificent -residence of the Sovereign, on which -all the decorations of architecture are lavished -without the least regard to expence. -The outside is grand and noble; and the -galleries and apartments are adorned with -all the boasted pieces of art, the finest -efforts of genius, and the most rare and -precious productions of nature: for the -magnificence of the palace is intended to -give an idea of the power and riches of -the kingdom: but if the power, wealth -and strength of the King of England -should be judged from this palace, how -great would be the mistake! We are -however in no want of a design for an -edifice suitable to the dignity of the British -Crown; the celebrated Inigo Jones -drew a draught of such a structure; but -the ideas of that architect were greater -than the spirit of the public, and the expence -of building it has hitherto prevented -its being begun: but as a taste for -elegance in building gains ground, and -<span class='pageno' id='Page_216'>216</span>new schemes are continually laid for building -magnificent bridges, streets and squares, -it is to be hoped that the erecting of so -necessary a structure will not be much -longer neglected: especially if it be considered, -that however great the expence -may be, it will cost the nation nothing, -for on these occasions, what is given by -the people is paid to the people.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>James’s Park</span>, was in the reign of -Henry VIII. a wild wet field; but that -Prince, on his building St. James’s palace, -inclosed it, laid it out in walks, and collecting -the waters together, gave to the -new inclosed ground, and new raised -building, the name of St. James. It was -afterwards much enlarged and improved -by King Charles II. who added to it several -fields, planted it with rows of lime -trees, laid out the Mall, which is a vista -half a mile in length, and formed the -canal, which is an hundred feet broad, -and two thousand eight hundred feet long, -with a decoy, and other ponds for water -fowl. Succeeding Kings allowed the -people the privilege of walking in it, and -King William III. in 1699 granted the -neighbouring inhabitants a passage into it -out of Spring Garden.</p> - -<p class='c010'>It is certain that the Park enjoys a fine -situation, and is laid out with a very -<span class='pageno' id='Page_217'>217</span>agreeable air of negligence. It affords -many pleasant walks, diversified by new -scenes, varied by different rural prospects, -and the view of distant structures on the -west side.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>James’s</span> <i>Place</i>, St. James’s street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>James’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Hermitage dock.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>James’s</span> <i>rope-walk</i>, 1. Red Maid lane.† 2. -North of Bedford row.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>James’s</span> <i>square</i>, is very large and beautiful; -the area on the inside is encompassed -with iron rails which form an octagon, -and in the center is a fine circular -bason of water. On the north side of the -square is St. James’s church, in a very -fine situation with respect to the prospect, -and had it been an elegant structure, -would have had a very noble effect. An -ingenious author observes, that though -this square appears extremely grand, yet -this grandeur does not arise from the magnificence -of the houses; but only from -their regularity, the neatness of the pavement, -and the beauty of the bason in the -middle: and that if the houses were built -more in taste, and the four sides exactly -correspondent to each other, the effect -would be much more surprising, and the -pleasure arising from it more just.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>James’s</span> <i>street</i>, Pall Mall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>James</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Brook’s street, New Bond -<span class='pageno' id='Page_218'>218</span>street.† 2. Bunhill fields.† 3. Covent -garden.† 4. Golden square.† 5. Hare -street.† 6. Hay market.† 7. Hoxton.† -8. Long Acre.† 9, Near Theobald’s row.† -10. Petty France, Westminster.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jane</span> <i>alley</i>, Blackman street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jane Shore’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Shoreditch. See <span class='sc'>Shoreditch</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jane Shore’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Shoreditch.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jasper</span> <i>street</i>, Aldermanbury.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Idlestry</span>, a village in Hertfordshire, situated -on the very edge of Middlesex, near -Brockley hill, by Stanmore, which affords -a delightful prospect across Middlesex -over the Thames into Surry.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Idol</span> or <span class='sc'>Idle</span> <i>lane</i>, Tower street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jefferies’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, a large and handsome -building, situated in Kingsland road. -It consists of a spacious front, with two -wings, and a chapel in the center, which -has a plain frontispiece, and is crowned -with a well-proportioned turret. It was -erected in the year 1713, by the Ironmongers -company, pursuant to the will of Mr. -Robert Jefferies, some time Lord Mayor -of this city, for the reception of as many -of his relations as should apply for this -charity; and in case there were none of -these, for fifty-six poor members of the -company, who, besides a convenient room -<span class='pageno' id='Page_219'>219</span>and part of a cellar, have each 6<i>l.</i> a year -and a gown. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jeffrey’s</span> <i>buildings</i>, Westminster.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jeffrey’s</span> <i>square</i>, St. Mary Ax.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jenkin’s</span> <i>buildings</i>, Carey street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jenkin’s</span> <i>court</i>, Ropemakers fields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jericho</span> <i>yard</i>, Jerusalem alley.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jermain</span> <i>court</i>, Jermain street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jermain</span> <i>street</i>, Near Piccadilly. This -street and court were thus named from -the Lord Jermine, nephew to the Earl of -St. Alban’s.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jerusalem</span> <i>alley</i>, Gracechurch street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jerusalem</span> <i>court</i>, 1. St. John’s street, West -Smithfield. See <i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John’s Square</span>. 2. -Shad Thames, Horselydown.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jerusalem</span> <i>passage</i>, Ailesbury street, St. -John’s street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jerusalem</span> <i>row</i>, Church street, Hackney.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jesuits</span> <i>ground</i>, Savoy.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jewel Office</span>, in the Tower, a dark strong -stone room, about twenty yards to the -eastward of the grand storehouse or new -armoury, in which the Crown jewels are -deposited. It is not certain whether -they were always kept here, though -they have been deposited in the Tower -from very ancient times, and we have -sufficient proof of their being in that -fortress so early as the reign of King -Henry III.</p> - -<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_220'>220</span>The jewels at this time shewn to all -who chuse to give a shilling for seeing -them, or eighteen pence for a company, -are:</p> - -<p class='c010'>I. The imperial crown, with which it -is pretended that all the Kings of England -have been crowned since Edward the -Confessor, in 1042. It is of gold, enriched -with diamonds, rubies, emeralds, -saphires and pearls: the cap within is of -purple velvet, lined with white taffety, -turned up with three rows of ermine. -They are however mistaken in shewing -this as the ancient imperial diadem of St. -Edward; for that, with the other most -ancient regalia of this kingdom, was kept -in the arched room in the cloisters in -Westminster Abbey, till the grand rebellion; -when in 1642, Harry Martin, by -order of the parliament, broke open the -iron chest in which it was secured, took -it thence, and sold it, together with the -robes, sword, and scepter of St. Edward. -However after the restoration, King -Charles II. had one made in imitation of -it, which is that now shewn.</p> - -<p class='c010'>II. The golden orb or globe put into -the King’s right hand before he is crowned; -and borne in his left with the scepter -in his right, upon his return into Westminster -Hall, after he is crowned. It is -<span class='pageno' id='Page_221'>221</span>about six inches in diameter, edged with -pearl, and enriched with precious stones. -On the top is an amethyst, of a violet colour, -near an inch and a half in height, -set with a rich cross of gold, adorned -with diamonds, pearls, and precious stones. -The whole height of the ball and cup is -eleven inches.</p> - -<p class='c010'>III. The golden scepter, with its cross -set upon a large amethyst of great value, -garnished round with table diamonds. -The handle of the scepter is plain; but -the pummel is set round with rubies, emeralds, -and small diamonds. The top -rises into a <i>fleur de lis</i> of six leaves, all enriched -with precious stones, from whence -issues a mound or ball made of the amethyst -already mentioned. The cross is -quite covered with precious stones.</p> - -<p class='c010'>IV. The scepter with the dove, the -emblem of peace, perched on the top of -a small Jerusalem cross, finely ornamented -with table diamonds and jewels of -great value. This emblem was first used -by Edward the Confessor, as appears by -his seal; but the ancient scepter and dove -was sold with the rest of the regalia, and -this now in the Tower was made after -the restoration.</p> - -<p class='c010'>V. St. Edward’s staff, four feet seven -inches and a half in length, and three -<span class='pageno' id='Page_222'>222</span>inches three quarters in circumference, -all of beaten gold, which is carried before -the King at his coronation.</p> - -<p class='c010'>VI. The rich crown of state worn by -his Majesty in parliament; in which -is a large emerald seven inches round; a -pearl esteemed the finest in the world, and -a ruby of inestimable value.</p> - -<p class='c010'>VII. The crown belonging to his Royal -Highness the Prince of Wales.</p> - -<p class='c010'>These two last crowns, when his Majesty -goes in state to the parliament house, -are carried by the keeper of the Jewel -Office, attended by the warders, privately -in a hackney coach to Whitehall, where -they are delivered to the officers appointed -to receive them, who with some yeomen -of the guard carry them to the robing -rooms adjoining to the house of Lords, -where his Majesty and the Prince of Wales -put on their robes. The King wears this -crown on his head while he sits upon -the throne; but that of the Prince of -Wales is placed before him, to shew that -he is not yet come to it. As soon as the -King is disrobed, the two crowns are carried -back to the Tower by the persons -who brought them from thence, and again -locked up in the jewel office.</p> - -<p class='c010'>VIII. The late Queen Mary’s crown, -globe and scepter, with the diadem she -<span class='pageno' id='Page_223'>223</span>wore at her coronation with her consort -King William III.</p> - -<p class='c010'>IX. An ivory scepter with a dove on -the top, made for the late King James -the second’s Queen, whose garniture is -gold, and the dove on the top gold, enamelled -with white.</p> - -<p class='c010'>X. The <i>curtana</i>, or sword of mercy, -which has a blade thirty two inches long, -and near two broad, is without a point, -and is borne naked before the King at his -coronation, between the two swords of -justice, spiritual and temporal.</p> - -<p class='c010'>XI. The golden spurs, and the armillas, -which are bracelets for the wrists. -These, tho’ very antique, are worn at the -coronation.</p> - -<p class='c010'>XII. The <i>ampulla</i> or eagle of gold, -finely engraved, which holds the holy oil -the Kings and Queens of England are anointed -with; and the golden spoon that -the Bishop pours the oil into. These are -two pieces of great antiquity. The golden -eagle, including the pedestal, is about -nine inches high, and the wings expand -about seven inches. The whole weighs -about ten ounces. The head of the eagle -screws off about the middle of the neck, -which is made hollow, for holding the -holy oil; and when the King is anointed -<span class='pageno' id='Page_224'>224</span>by the Bishop, the oil is poured into the -spoon out of the bird’s bill.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The following legend is told of this -eagle. Thomas Becket being in disgrace -at Sens in France, the holy Virgin appeared -to him, and gave him a stone vessel -of oil inclosed in a golden eagle, and -bid him give it to William a monk, to -carry to Pictavia, and there hide it under -a great stone, in St. Gregory’s church, -where it should be found for the use of -pious and prosperous Kings: accordingly -Henry III. when Duke of Lancaster, received -it from a holy man in France; and -Richard II. finding it among other jewels, -endeavoured to be anointed with it; but -was supplanted by Archibald Arundel, -who afterwards anointed Henry IV. Such -is the fabulous history of the <i>ampulla</i>.</p> - -<p class='c010'>XIII. A rich salt-seller of state, in form -like the square white tower, and so exquisitely -wrought that the workmanship -of modern times is in no degree equal to -it. It is of gold, and used only on the -King’s table at the coronation.</p> - -<p class='c010'>XIV. A noble silver font, double gilt, -and elegantly wrought, in which the -royal family are christened.</p> - -<p class='c010'>XV. A large silver fountain, presented -to King Charles II. by the town of Plymouth, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_225'>225</span>very curiously wrought; but much -inferior in beauty to the above.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Besides these, which are commonly -shewn, there are in the jewel office all -the crown jewels worn by the Prince and -Princesses at coronations, and a vast variety -of curious old plate.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This office is governed by a Master, -who has 450<i>l.</i> a year patent fees; two -yeomen, who have 106<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i> <i>per annum</i> -each; a groom, who has 105<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i> a -year, and a clerk.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jewin</span> <i>street</i>, Aldersgate street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jews Harp</span> <i>court</i>, Angel alley, Bishopsgate -street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jews</span> <i>row</i>, Chelsea.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jeye’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Three Colts street, Limehouse.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Independents</span>, a set of dissenters from the -church of England, received their name -from each congregation being entirely independent -with respect to church government. -They are Calvinists, and like the -Baptists receive the sacrament in the afternoon; -none are admitted to communion -till after having given in a paper containing -an account of their conversion, religious -experiences, &c. Their places of -worship within the bills of mortality, are, -1. Berry street, St. Mary Ax. 2. Boar’s -Head yard, Petticoat lane. 3. Brick Hill -lane, Thames street. 4. Broad street, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_226'>226</span>near Old Gravel lane. 5. Coachmakers -hall, Noble street. <i>Antinomian.</i> 6. Collier’s -rents, White street. 7. Court yard, -Barnaby street, Southwark. 8. Crispin -street, Spitalfields. 9. Deadman’s Place, -Southwark. 10. Hare court, Aldersgate -street. 11. Jewin street, Aldersgate street. -12. Lower street, Islington, two meeting -houses. 13. Mare street, Hackney. 14. -New Broad street, Moorfields. 15. New -court, Carey street. 16. Old Artillery -Ground, Spitalfields. 17. Orchard, Wapping. -18. Paved alley, Lime street. 19. -Pavement row, Moorfields. 20. Pinner’s -hall, Broad street, in the morning, the -only Independent congregation that is not -Calvinist. 21. Queen street, Ratcliff. 22. -Queen street, Rotherhith. 23. Redcross -street, Barbican. 24. Ropemakers alley, -Little Moorfields. 25. St. Michael’s lane, -Canon street. 26. St. Saviour’s Dockhead, -Southwark. 27. Staining lane, -Maiden lane. 28. Stepney fields. 29. -Turner’s hall, Philpot lane. 30. White -Horn yard, Duke’s Place. 31. Zoar -street, Southwark.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ingatstone</span> or <span class='sc'>Engerstone</span>, a town in -Essex, twenty-three miles from London, -from which it is a great thoroughfare to -Harwich, has many good inns, and a -<span class='pageno' id='Page_227'>227</span>considerable market on Wednesdays, for -live cattle brought from Suffolk.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Here is the seat of the ancient family of -the Petres; to whose ancestor Sir William, -this manor was granted by Henry VIII. -at the dissolution of Barking Abbey, to -which it till then belonged. That gentleman -founded eight fellowships at Oxford, -called the Petrean fellowships, and -erected and endowed an almshouse here -for twenty poor people. He lies interred -under a stately monument in the church, -as do several others of that family.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ingram’s</span> <i>court</i>, an open well-built place -in Fenchurch street, thus named from Sir -Thomas Ingram, who built this small -square on the ground where his own -house before stood.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Inner Scotland</span> <i>yard</i>, Whitehall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Inner Temple.</span> See the article <span class='sc'>Temple</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Inner Temple</span> <i>lane</i>, Fleet street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Innholders</span>, a company incorporated by -letters patent granted by Henry VIII. in -the year 1515. They are governed by a -Master, three Wardens, and twenty Assistants, -and have a livery of an hundred -and thirty-nine members, whose fine upon -admission is 10<i>l.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>They have a handsome and convenient -hall in Elbow lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Inns of Chancery.</span> The colleges of the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_228'>228</span>professors and students of the municipal -and common law, are stiled Inns, an old -English word, formerly used for the houses -of noblemen, bishops, and persons of distinguished -rank, and the eight Inns of -chancery were probably thus denominated -from there dwelling in them such clerks, -as chiefly studied the forming of writs, -which regularly belonged to the cursitors, -who are officers in chancery. These are -Lincoln’s Inn, New Inn, Clement’s Inn, -Clifford’s Inn, Staple’s Inn, Lion’s Inn, -Furnival’s Inn, and Barnard’s Inn. These -were formerly considered as preparatory -colleges for younger students, many of -whom were entered here, before they -were admitted into the Inns of court; but -now they are for the most part taken up -by attorneys, sollicitors and clerks, who -have separate chambers, and their diet at -a very easy rate in an hall together, where -they are obliged to appear in grave long -robes, and black round knit caps. See -the articles <span class='sc'>Clement’s Inn</span>, <span class='sc'>Clifford’s -Inn</span>, <span class='sc'>Lincoln’s Inn</span>, <span class='sc'>Lion’s Inn</span>, &c.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Inns of Court</span>, were so named, either -from the students, who live in them, -serving the courts of judicature; or, according -to Fortescue, from these colleges -anciently receiving none but the sons of -noblemen, and gentlemen of high rank.</p> - -<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_229'>229</span>The Inns of court, are only four, viz. -the two Temples, Lincoln’s Inn, and -Gray’s Inn. See the articles <span class='sc'>Temple</span>, -<span class='sc'>Lincoln’s Inn</span>, and <span class='sc'>Gray’s Inn</span>.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Though these societies are no corporation, -and have no judicial power over -their members, they have certain orders -among themselves, which have by consent -the force of laws: for small offences, -they are only excommoned, or not allowed -to eat at the common table with the -rest; and for greater offences they lose -their chambers, and are expelled the college, -after which they are not to be received -by any of the other three Inns of -court.</p> - -<p class='c010'>As these societies are not incorporated, -they have no lands or revenues, nor any -thing for defraying the charges of the -house but what is paid at admittance, and -other dues for their chambers. The whole -company of gentlemen may be divided into -four parts, benchers, utter-barristers, -inner-barristers and students.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The benchers are the seniors, who have -the government of the whole house, and -out of these are annually chosen a treasurer, -who receives, disburses and accounts -for all the money belonging to the house. -See <span class='sc'>Serjeants Inn</span>.</p> - -<p class='c010'>There are at present no mootings, or -<span class='pageno' id='Page_230'>230</span>readings in any of the courts of Chancery. -<i>Chamberlain’s Present State.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>It ought not to be omitted, that gentlemen -may take chambers in the Inns of -Court or Chancery, without laying themselves -under an obligation to study the -law.</p> - -<p class='c010'>A description of the structures and gardens -belonging to these Inns we have given -under their respective heads: but it -may not be improper here to add, that -strangers are apt to be disgusted at the -nastiness of the walls, and the dirt and -filth observable on all the stairs and public -passages leading to the Inns of Court and -Chancery: where every thing seems neglected, -and generally out of repair: but -on stepping into the chambers, one is surprised -to see so remarkable a contrast; to -observe the utmost neatness reign there, -and the most handsome and commodious -rooms, furnished and adorned with great -elegance.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Dr. Blackstone in his discourse on the -study of the law, gives us the following -curious account of the changes and revolutions -in this study, and of the origin of -the several <i>Inns of Court and Chancery</i>.</p> - -<p class='c010'>That ancient collection of unwritten -maxims and customs, says he, which is -called the common law, however compounded -<span class='pageno' id='Page_231'>231</span>or from whatever fountains derived, -had subsisted immemorially in this -kingdom: and, though somewhat altered -and impaired by the violence of the times, -had in a great measure weathered the rude -shock of the Norman conquest. This -had endeared it to the people in general, -as well because its decisions were universally -known, as because it was found to -be excellently adapted to the genius of the -English nation. In the knowledge of this -law consisted great part of the learning of -those dark ages; it was then taught, says -Mr. Selden, in the monasteries, in the -universities, and in the families of the -principal nobility. The clergy in particular, -as they then engrossed almost every -other branch of learning, so (like their -predecessors the British Druids) they were -peculiarly remarkable for their proficiency -in the study of the law.</p> -<p class='c015'>‘But the common law being not committed -to writing, but only handed down -by tradition, use, and experience, was not -so heartily relished by the foreign clergy -who came over hither in shoals during -the reign of the Conqueror and his two -sons, and were utter strangers to our -constitution as well as our language. -And an accident, which soon after happened, -had nearly completed its ruin.’</p> -<p class='c016'><span class='pageno' id='Page_232'>232</span>A copy of Justinian’s Pandects, being newly -discovered at Amalfi, about A.D. 1130, -soon brought the civil law into vogue all -over the rest of Europe. It became in a -particular manner the favourite of the -Popish clergy; and Theobald, a Norman -Abbot, being elected to the see of Canterbury, -A.D. 1138, and extremely addicted -to this new study, brought over -with him in his retinue many learned proficients -therein; and among the rest Roger -surnamed Vacarius, whom he placed in -the university of Oxford to teach it. The -monkish clergy (devoted to the will of a -foreign Primate) received it with eagerness -and zeal; but the laity, who were -more interested to preserve the old constitution, -and had already severely felt the -effect of many Norman innovations, continued -wedded to the use of the common -law.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The clergy, finding it impossible to root -out the municipal law, withdrew by degrees -from the temporal courts; and in -1217, they passed a canon in a national -synod, forbidding all ecclesiastics to appear -as advocates <i>in foro sæculari</i><a id='r1' /><a href='#f1' class='c030'><sup>[1]</sup></a>; nor -<span class='pageno' id='Page_233'>233</span>did they long continue to act as judges -there, not caring to take the oath of office -which was then found necessary to be administered, -that they should in all things -determine according to the law and custom -of this realm; though they still kept -possession of the high office of Chancellor, -an office then of little juridical power; -and afterwards as its business increased by -degrees, they modelled the process of the -court at their own discretion.</p> - -<div class='footnote c031' id='f1'> -<p class='c032'><span class='label'><a href='#r1'>1</a>. </span>Sir H. Spelman conjectures (Glossar 335.) that -coifs were introduced to hide the tonsure of such renegade -clerks, as were still tempted to remain in the -secular courts in the quality of advocates or judges, -notwithstanding their prohibition by canon.</p> -</div> - -<p class='c010'>But wherever they retired, and wherever -their authority extended, they carried -with them the same zeal to introduce -the rules of the civil, in exclusion of the -municipal law. This appears in a particular -manner from the spiritual courts of -all denominations, from the Chancellor’s -courts in both our universities, and from -the high court of Chancery; in all of -which the proceedings are to this day in -a course much conformed to the civil law. -And if it be considered, that our universities -began about that period to receive -their present form of scholastic discipline; -that they were then, and continued to be -till the time of the reformation, entirely -under the influence of the Popish clergy; -this will lead us to perceive the reason, -why the study of the Roman laws was in -<span class='pageno' id='Page_234'>234</span>those days of bigotry<a id='r2' /><a href='#f2' class='c030'><sup>[2]</sup></a> pursued with such -alacrity in these seats of learning.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Since the reformation, the principal -reason that has hindered the introduction -of this branch of learning, is, that the -study of the common law, being banished -from hence in the times of Popery, has -fallen into a quite different channel, and -has hitherto been wholly cultivated in -another place.</p> - -<p class='c010'>As the common law was no longer -taught, as formerly, in any part of the -kingdom, it perhaps would have been -gradually lost and over-run by the civil, -had it not been for the peculiar incident -which happened at a very critical time, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_235'>235</span>of fixing the court of Common Pleas, the -grand tribunal for disputes of property, to -be held in one certain spot; that the seat -of ordinary justice might be permanent -and notorious to all the nation. Formerly -that, in conjunction with all the other -superior courts, was held before the King’s -justiciary of England, in the <i>aula regis</i>, -or such of his palaces wherein his royal -person resided, and removed with his -houshold from one end of the kingdom -to the other. This was found to occasion -great inconvenience to the suitors; -to remedy which it was made an article -of the great charter of liberties, both that -of King John and King Henry the Third, -that, “Common Pleas should no longer -follow the King’s court, but be held in -some certain place:” in consequence of -which they have ever since been held (a -few necessary removals in times of the -plague excepted) in the palace of Westminster -only. This brought together the -professors of the municipal law, who before -were dispersed about the kingdom, -and formed them into an aggregate body; -whereby a society was established of persons, -who (as Spelman observes) addicted -themselves wholly to the study of the -laws of the land.</p> - -<div class='footnote c031' id='f2'> -<p class='c032'><span class='label'><a href='#r2'>2</a>. </span>There cannot be a stronger instance of the absurd -and superstitious veneration that was paid to these -laws, than that the most learned writers of the times -thought they could not form a perfect character, even -of the blessed Virgin, without making her a Civilian -and a Canonist. Which Albertus Magnus, the renowned -Dominican Doctor of the thirteenth century, -thus proves in his <i>Summa de laudibus Christiferæ Virginis -(divinum magis quam humanum opus) qu. 23. §. 5</i>. -“<i>Item quod jura civilia, & leges, & decreta scivit in -summo, probatur hoc modo: sapientia advocati manifestatur -in tribus; unum, quod obtineat omnia contra -judicem justum & sapientem; secundo, quod contra -adversarium astutum & sagacem; tertio, quod in -causa desperata: sed beatissima Virgo, contra judicem -sapientissimum, Dominum; contra adversarium callidissimum, -dyabolum; in causa nostra desperata; -sententiam optatam obtinuit.</i>“</p> -</div> - -<p class='c010'>They naturally fell into a kind of collegiate -<span class='pageno' id='Page_236'>236</span>order; and, being excluded from -Oxford and Cambridge, established a new -university of their own, by purchasing -certain houses (now called the Inns of -Court and Chancery) between the city of -Westminster, the place of holding the -King’s courts, and the city of London; -for advantage of ready access to the one, -and plenty of provisions in the other.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In this juridical university (for such it -is insisted to have been by Fortescue and -Sir Edward Coke) there are two sorts of -collegiate houses; one called Inns of Chancery, -in which the younger students of -the law used to be placed, “learning -and studying, says Fortescue, the originals, -and as it were, the elements of -the law; who, profiting therein, as -they grow to ripeness so are they admitted -into the greater Inns of the -same study, called the Inns of Court.” -And in these Inns of both kinds, he goes -on to tell us, the knights and barons, -with other grandees and noblemen of the -realm, did use to place their children, -though they did not desire to have them -thoroughly learned in the law, or to get -their living by its practice; and that in -his time there were about two thousand -students at these several Inns, all of whom -<span class='pageno' id='Page_237'>237</span>he informs us were <i>filii nobilium</i>, or gentlemen -born.</p> - -<p class='c010'>But in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, -Sir Edward Coke does not reckon above -a thousand students, and the number at -present is very considerably less: ‘Which -seems principally owing to these reasons; -first, because the Inns of Chancery -being now almost totally filled by -the inferior branch of the profession, -they are neither commodious nor proper -for the resort of gentlemen of any rank -or figure; so that there are now very -rarely any young students entered at -the Inns of Chancery: secondly, because -in the Inns of Court all sorts of regimen -and academical superintendance, either -with regard to morals or studies, are -found impracticable, and therefore entirely -neglected: lastly, because persons -of birth and fortune, after having finished -their usual courses at the universities, -have seldom leisure or resolution -sufficient to enter upon a new scheme -of study at a new place of instruction. -Wherefore few gentlemen now resort -to the Inns of Court, but such for whom -the knowledge of practice is absolutely -necessary: such, I mean, as are intended -for the profession.’</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Inoculation Hospital</span> for the smallpox, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_238'>238</span>in the Lower street, Islington, beyond -the church; in an old building situated -backwards, out of the view of the -street. This hospital is under the direction -of the Small-pox hospital, in Cold -Bath fields. See the article <span class='sc'>Small-Pox -Hospital</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>Clerk of the</i> <span class='sc'>Inrollments of Fines and -Recoveries</span>, an officer under the three -puisne judges of the court of Common -Pleas. The inrollments here filed are by -statute valid in law, and are of great use -in preventing law-suits. This office is -kept in the Inner Temple.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Joan Harding’s</span>, near Oakey street, -Thames street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jockey Field</span> <i>row</i>, Near Gray’s Inn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>John Dever’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Seething lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Budge row.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>alley</i>, St. Martin’s le Grand.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John</span> <i>the Baptist</i>, a church which stood -on the west side of Dowgate; but being -destroyed by the fire of London in 1666, -and not since rebuilt, the parish is annexed -to the church of St. Antholin.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John</span> <i>the Evangelist</i>, a church that was -seated in Watling street, at the north east -corner of Friday street; but being consumed -by the fire of London, and not rebuilt, -the parish is united to that of Allhallows -Bread street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_239'>239</span><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John</span> <i>the Evangelist</i>, Southwark, like -several other churches in the suburbs, -owed its rise to the great increase of buildings -and inhabitants, and is one of the -fifty new churches ordered to be built by -act of parliament. It was finished in -1732, and the district of Horselydown, -being separated from St. Olave’s, was by -act of parliament constituted its parish. -The sum of 3500<i>l.</i> was also granted by -parliament to be laid out in lands, tenements, -&c. in fee simple, and as a farther -provision, the church wardens are to -pay him the additional sum of 60<i>l.</i> to -be raised by fees arising from burials. -<i>Maitland.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>The body of this church is enlightened -by two ranges of windows, with a Venetian -in the center; the tower which rises -square has a balustrade on the top, and -from thence rises the spire, which is very -properly diminished and well wrought; -but the architect having absurdly resolved -to give it some resemblance to a column, -has not only fluted it; but placed on the -top an Ionic capital, which last gives the -whole edifice an aukward whimsical appearance.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This church, which is situated near the -lower end of Fair street, is in the gift of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_240'>240</span>the Crown, as well as that of St. Olave’s, -from whence this parish was taken. <i>Stow.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>Wapping</i>, situated on the north -side of the street near the Thames, was -built in the year 1617, when the increase -of houses in the parish of St. Mary Whitechapel, -rendered such an edifice necessary. -It was dedicated to St. John the Baptist, -and as there were other churches under -the patronage of the same saint, it was -distinguished, from its situation, by the -name of Wapping. Originally it was no -more than a chapel of ease to St. Mary’s -parish; but in 1694, the hamlet of Wapping -was constituted a distinct parish; the -inhabitants were impowered to purchase -30<i>l.</i> <i>per annum</i> in mortmain, and as a farther -provision for the Rector, he was allowed -to receive all ecclesiastical dues, except -tithes, instead of which the Rector -has 130<i>l.</i> a year raised upon the inhabitants -by an equal pound rate. <i>Maitland.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>This church, which was built at the -expence of 1600<i>l.</i> is a very mean building, -it consisting of a plain body, a tower -which scarcely deserves the name, and a -spire that might be taken for a lengthened -chimney. <i>English Architecture.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>The advowson of this church is in the -principal and scholars of King’s hall and -Brazen Nose college, Oxford.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_241'>241</span><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>Westminster</i>. The parish of St. -Margaret’s Westminster being greatly increased -in the number of houses and inhabitants, -it was judged necessary to erect -one of the fifty new churches within it; -this church being finished, was dedicated -to St. John the Evangelist; a parish was -taken out of St. Margaret’s, and the parliament -granted the sum of 2500<i>l.</i> to be -laid out in the purchase of lands, tenements, -&c. for the maintenance of the -Rector: but besides the profits arising from -this purchase, it was also enacted that as -a farther provision for the Rector, the -sum of 125<i>l.</i> should be annually raised -by an equal pound rate upon the inhabitants. -<i>Maitland.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>This church was finished in the -year 1728. The chief aim of the architect -was to give an uncommon, yet -elegant outline, and to shew the orders -in their greatest dignity and perfection; -and indeed the outline is so variously -broken, that there results a diversity of -light and shadow, which is very uncommon, -and very elegant. The principal -objections against the structure are, that -it is so much decorated that it appears -encumbered with ornament; and that the -compass being too small for the design, it -appears too heavy. In the front is an -<span class='pageno' id='Page_242'>242</span>elegant portico supported by Doric columns, -which order is continued in pilasters -round the building. Above the -portico are two towers crowned with -well-proportioned turrets, and adorned -with columns of the Corinthian order, -which are supported on pedestals, and -stand free, with corresponding columns -behind. <i>English Architect.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>The advowson of this church is in the -Dean and Chapter of Westminster: and -to prevent this rectory being held in commendam, -all licences and dispensations -for holding it are by act of parliament declared -null and void.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John Zachary’s</span>, a church that was -situated at the north west corner of -Maiden lane, Wood street; but being -destroyed by the fire of London in 1666, -and not rebuilt, the parish is annexed to -that of St. Anne’s Aldersgate. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Cable street. 2. Cats hole, -Tower ditch. 3. East Smithfield. 4. Hannoway -street. 5. John’s street. 6. Nightingale -lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Addle hill. 2. Cow -lane. 3. Great Hart street. 4. Little Hart -street, by Covent garden. 5. St. John’s -square. 6. Somerset street, Whitechapel. -7. Stepney.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>gate</i>, St. John’s lane; the south -<span class='pageno' id='Page_243'>243</span>gate of the hospital of St. John of Jerusalem.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>hill</i>, Ratcliff highway.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>lane</i>, vulgarly called St. Joans’s -lane, from Hicks’s hall to St. John’s gate.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>passage</i>, St. John’s street, West -Smithfield.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>square</i>, Clerkenwell. Where the -present square is situated anciently stood -the house of St. John of Jerusalem, founded -by Jordan Briset, who for that purpose -purchased of the nuns of Clerkenwell -ten acres of land, for which he gave -twenty acres in his lordship of Willinghale -in Kent, and erected that hospital -on this spot about the year 1110: but -the church belonging to it was not dedicated -to St. John the Baptist till 1185. -By the profuse liberality of bigots and enthusiasts, -these Knights Hospitallers of St. -John of Jerusalem soon attained to that -degree of riches and honour, that they -not only built a magnificent structure in -this spot, that became the chief seat in -England of those of their order, but their -Prior was esteemed the first Baron in the -kingdom, and in state and grandeur vied -with the King. The populace however -had an extreme antipathy to these imperious -Knights; and in 1381, the rebels -under Jack Straw and Wat Tyler consumed -<span class='pageno' id='Page_244'>244</span>this stately edifice by fire. However -it was rebuilt in a still more magnificent -manner, and thus continued till the -year 1541, when it was suppressed by -Henry VIII.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This spacious and stately edifice was -soon after converted into a repository for -martial stores, and of the royal hunting -equipage; and to this use it was applied -till the year 1550; when Edward Seymour -Duke of Somerset, and protector of -the kingdom, caused the church, with its -lofty and beautiful steeple, to be demolished, -and the stones employed in building -his magnificent palace of Somerset -House in the Strand. <i>Camden’s Britannia.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>This square, which is an oblong, chiefly -consists of two rows of good houses, -at the east end of which is a chapel of -ease to the neighbouring church of St. -James Clerkenwell. It is entered by two -gates, which bear evident marks of great -antiquity; the largest and most remarkable -of which is that to the south, called -St. John’s Gate.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Brick lane, Spitalfields. -2. Long ditch. 3. West Smithfield, near -St. John’s square.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>John’s</span> <i>street</i>, 1. David’s street. 2. Gainsford -street. 3. Golden square. 4. By -<span class='pageno' id='Page_245'>245</span>Mount street, Westminster. 5. Ratcliff -highway. 6. Windmill street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Johnson’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Charing Cross.† 2. -Fleet street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Johnson’s</span> <i>street</i>, Old Gravel lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Johnson’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Three needle alley, Moorfields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Joiners</span>, a company incorporated by letters -patent granted by Queen Elizabeth in the -year 1565. They are governed by a -Master, two Wardens, and twenty-four -Assistants, with a livery of 323 members, -who upon their admission pay a fine -of 8<i>l.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>They have a convenient hall in Friars -lane, Thames street, remarkable for a -curious screen finely carved at the entrance -into it. The great parlour is -wainscotted with cedar. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Joiners</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Houndsditch. 2. Jacob -street, Mill street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Joiners Hall</span> <i>alley</i>, Thames street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Joiners</span> <i>street</i>, Tooley street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jolly</span> <i>court</i>, Durham yard, in the Strand.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jones’</span> <i>court</i>, Nightingale lane, East Smithfield.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Jones’</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Stony lane, Petticoat lane. -2. Little Swan alley.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Inigo Jones</span>, the celebrated architect, several -of whose best designs are described -in different parts of this work, has therefore -<span class='pageno' id='Page_246'>246</span>a just claim to our regard in this -place. And we are obliged to the ingenious -authors of the <i>Biographia Britannica</i> -for the following particulars relating to -his life and works in general. He was -born about the year 1572, in the neighbourhood -of St. Paul’s in London, of -which city his father, Mr. Ignatius Jones, -was a citizen and clothworker. Nothing -certain being delivered concerning his -education, some very different conjectures -have been advanced upon that subject, -some having suggested that his education -was liberal, and others that he was bound -apprentice to a joiner, of which latter -opinion was Sir Christopher Wren. But -in whatever way he was bred, his natural -inclination leading him to the study of -the arts of drawing and designing, he distinguished -himself early by the extraordinary -progress he made in those polite -and useful arts, and was particularly taken -notice of for his skill in the practice -of landscape painting. These admirable -talents introduced him to the knowledge -of William Earl of Pembroke, who was -a great patron of all liberal sciences. -His Lordship admiring Mr. Jones’s genius, -took him into his patronage, and -sent him abroad with a handsome allowance, -in order to perfect himself, by -<span class='pageno' id='Page_247'>247</span>viewing and studying the works of the -best masters ancient and modern, in Italy -and the politer parts of Europe. Thus -supported, he spent many years in compleating -his education; to which end, -chusing the city of Venice for the chief -place of his residence, he suffered nothing -of real value or merit any where to escape -his industry; and the improvements he -made thereby gave such an eclat to his -reputation all over Europe, that Christian -IV. King of Denmark sent for him -thence, and appointed him his Architect-general. -He had enjoyed this post some -years, when that Prince, whose sister -Anne had married King James I. made a -visit to England in 1606. Mr. Jones -took this opportunity of returning home; -and expressing a desire to continue in his -native country, the Queen appointed him -her architect; and being not long after -taken in the same character into the service -of Prince Henry, he discharged his -trust with so much fidelity, that the King -gave him the reversion of the place of -Surveyor-general of his works. After -the death of Prince Henry in 1612, our -architect made a second tour to Italy, -and continued some years there, improving -himself still further in his favourite -art, till the Surveyor’s place fell to him. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_248'>248</span>He then returned to England to enrich -his country with the fruits of his studies. -Soon after his arrival, the office of works -being found several thousand pounds in -debt, he voluntarily gave up his own -dues, and prevailed with the Comptroller -and Paymaster to do the like, whereby -the whole arrears were absolutely cleared. -In 1620, by the King’s command, he -took an accurate survey of the surprizing -group of stones upon Salisbury-Plain, commonly -called Stone-henge, and drew up -an account with his opinion of that famous -monument of antiquity, which he -presented to his royal master, and it was -printed. In this account, after much -reasoning and a long series of authorities, -he concludes at last that this ancient and -stupendous pile must have been originally -a Roman temple, inscribed to <i>Cœlus</i> the -senior of the heathen gods, and built -after the Tuscan order, and that it was -erected when the Romans flourished here -in peace and prosperity in Britain, and -probably betwixt the time of Agricola’s -government and the reign of Constantine -the Great, about 1650 years ago.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On the 16th of November the same -year, Mr. Jones was appointed, among -others, a Commissioner for repairing the -cathedral of St. Paul’s in London. Upon -<span class='pageno' id='Page_249'>249</span>the demise of King James, he was continued -in his posts by King Charles I. -whose consort also entertained him in the -like station. And he soon after formed -that most stately and elegant pavilion, -the Banquetting-house at Whitehall, which -was at first designed for the reception of -foreign Ambassadors. The ceiling was -painted some years after with the Felicities -of King James’s reign, by Sir Peter Paul -Rubens, and prints from these by Simon -Gribelin were published in 1724. The -late Lord Burlington about the year 1740 -published <i>a north west view of the palace -designed for Whitehall, by Inigo Jones</i>, -which is what is called a bird’s eye prospect, -or as it is seen by a bird in flying -over it, by which artifice all the parts are -brought distinctly into view; and in this -view the pavilion or banquetting-house -appears in its proper place as part of that -palace. Several other designs of Mr. -Jones’s were executed in this reign, such -as Surgeon’s hall, the Queen’s chapel at -St. James’s palace, and her Majesty’s new -building fronting the gardens at Somerset -House in the Strand; the church and -piazza of Covent Garden; the first of -which is universally allowed to be a master-piece -of the Tuscan order, the portico -at the west end, majestic in its plainness, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_250'>250</span>and the roof so happily contrived, -by extending itself beyond the wall, as -both to cast a shade, which adds to the -solemnity of the sacred edifice, and at the -same time serves to strengthen the wall, -by resting thereon its center of gravity. -In the last performance he had in view -the piazza of Leghorn, but has vastly -surpassed the original in the beauty and -largeness of his pillars. Our architect -also laid out the ground plot of Lincoln’s -Inn fields, and designed the Duke of Ancaster’s -house, which stands on the west -side of that noble square, and which is -no inconsiderable instance of the <i>softness</i> -and <i>sweetness</i> of his touches. The royal -chapel at Denmark House, the King’s -house at Newmarket, and the Queen’s -buildings at Greenwich, were also of his -design. But it does not come within our -plan to describe the number or form a -judgment upon the excellence of all his -buildings, though views and descriptions -of the principal of them we have given, -which may be seen under their several -names, to which we refer.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In 1633 Mr. Jones began the reparation -of St. Paul’s cathedral, the first stone was -laid by Dr. Laud then Bishop of London, -and the fourth by Mr. Jones; and, in -carrying them on, he added a magnificent -<span class='pageno' id='Page_251'>251</span>portico at the west end, which excited -the envy of all Christendom on his -country, for a piece of architecture not -to be parallelled in modern times. While -he was raising these noble monuments of -his extraordinary genius as an architect, -he employed his leisure hours in designing -decorations for dramatic entertainments; -and there appeared a fine intermixture of -fancy and judgment in his pompous machinery -of masques and interludes, which -were the vogue in his time. Several of -these representations are still extant in the -works of Chapman, D’Avenant, Daniel, -and particularly Ben Johnson. The subject -was chosen by the Poet, and the -speeches and songs were also of his composing; -but the invention of the scenes, -ornaments, and dresses of the figures, -were the contrivance of Mr. Jones. By -these means he acquired a handsome fortune. -But his loyalty, the effect both of -his integrity and gratitude, exposed him -to considerable losses; and he bore a -part in the ruins of his royal master. -Upon the opening of the Long Parliament -in November 1640, he was called before -the house of Lords, upon a complaint of -the parishioners of St. Gregory’s in London -against him, for damages done to -that church; and afterwards, during the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_252'>252</span>usurpation, he was constrained to pay -400<i>l.</i> by way of composition for his estate, -as a malignant. After the death of King -Charles I. he was continued in his post -by King Charles II. But grief, in one of -his years, for the fatal calamity of the former, -prevented him from doing the latter -any actual service, by cutting him off -many years before the restoration. He -died most probably about Midsummer -1652, and was interred June 26, in the -chancel of St. Benet’s church, near St. -Paul’s Wharf, London, where there was -a monument erected to his memory upon -the north wall, at some distance from his -grave; but it suffered greatly in the fire -of London, Sept. 1666. His age was -about seventy-nine years. Mr. Jones left -several manuscripts, which have been -published since his death. With respect -to his character, we are told by Mr. -Webb, that his abilities in all human -sciences surpassed most of his age. However -that be, ’tis certain he was perfectly -well skilled in the mathematics, and had -some insight into the two learned languages, -Greek and Latin, especially the -latter, and he had a taste for poetry. -However, these accomplishments were no -more than the decorations and counterpart -of his proper character, which was, indeed, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_253'>253</span>that of an architect, the most eminent in -his time. Accordingly he was then, and -is still, generally stiled the <i>British Vitruvius</i>; -and it is observable that the art of -design, little known in England before, -was brought into use and esteem by him, -under the patronage of King Charles I. -and Thomas Earl of Arundel. In short, -Mr. Jones was generally learned, eminent -for architecture, a great geometrician, -and, in designing with his pen (as Sir -Anthony Vandyke used to say) not to be -equalled by whatever great master in his -time, for the <i>boldness</i>, <i>softness</i>, <i>sweetness</i>, -and <i>sureness</i> of his touches.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ireland</span> <i>yard</i>, Black Friars.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Irish</span> <i>court</i>, Whitechapel.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Irish Society</span>, meeting in the Irish chamber -in Guildhall. In order to convey a -clear idea of this society, it is necessary -to trace it from its origin. It must therefore -be observed, that in the reign of -Queen Elizabeth, the province of Ulster, -in the north of Ireland, had been greatly -depopulated by the suppression of several -insurrections in that part of the kingdom; -and in particular, the city of Derry and -town of Colerain were quite ruined.</p> - -<p class='c010'>To prevent such insurrections for the -future, it was thought proper to repeople -that part of the country with protestant -<span class='pageno' id='Page_254'>254</span>families; and soon after the accession of -King James I. to the throne of England, -that Prince, considering this as an affair -worthy of his attention, signified his pleasure -to some of the Aldermen and Commoners, -by means of several of his Privy -Council, upon which a court of Common -Council was called, and a deputation sent -over to view the place of the intended -plantation. These deputies being returned, -it was agreed in December 1609, -that 15,000<i>l.</i> should be expended on the -plantation, and 5000<i>l.</i> in the purchase of -private interests.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Soon after articles of agreement were -entered into between the Lords of the -Privy Council, and a committee chosen -by the Lord Mayor and Commonalty of -the city, and it was agreed for the better -managing of the plantation, there should -be a company constituted in London, to -consist of a Governor, Deputy Governor, -and twenty-four Assistants, to direct what -ought to be done on the part of the city, -relating to the plantation; and in pursuance -of this agreement, the King, by his -letters patent, changed the name of Derry -to that of Londonderry, and incorporated -the committee nominated by the city, by -the name of <i>The society of the Governor -and Assistants in London of the new plantation -<span class='pageno' id='Page_255'>255</span>in Ulster within the realm of Ireland</i>, -directing that it should consist of a Governor, -Deputy Governor, and twenty-four -Assistants; whereof the Governor and -five of the Assistants were to be Aldermen, -the Recorder for the time being to -be an Assistant, and the Deputy Governor, -with the rest of the Assistants, to be -Commoners. By this charter, the King -also granted to the society and their successors, -the city, fort and town of Londonderry, -the whole island of Derry, and -all the castles, towns, villages and lands -in the county of Londonderry, particularly -mentioned in the charter.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The society now immediately set about -rebuilding Londonderry and Colerain, and -improving and planting the other parts of -the county. And, in order to reimburse -the twelve principal companies, and other -inferior companies that had contributed -to the expence of the plantation, -the society divided the whole county of -Londonderry into thirteen parts; the first -consisting of the city of Londonderry and -town of Colerain, with some of the adjoining -lands, and the fisheries, was retained -by the society in their own possession, -to defray the charge of the general -work of the plantation, and the surplus -<span class='pageno' id='Page_256'>256</span>was from time to time divided among the -twelve companies by the society.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The rest of the county being divided -into twelve parts, as equal in value as possible, -the twelve companies drew lots for -them, and each company had the part -which fell to its share. The society then -erected each lot into a manor, and obtained -a charter of the Crown to convey -to each of the companies the lands fallen -to it, to hold the same in perpetuity.</p> - -<p class='c010'>King Charles I. however ordered his -Attorney General to prosecute the society in -the Star-chamber, under the pretence that -the charter had been surreptitiously obtained; -upon which it was cancelled by -a decree of that court, and the lands seized -into the King’s hands: but the society -were reinstated in their possessions by Oliver -Cromwell, who granted the city a -new charter; and Charles II. incorporated -the society anew, and the companies -have enjoyed their possessions ever -since.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Governor and Deputy Governor -of the society are by this, as well as the -former charters, chosen annually. Twelve -of the Assistants go off every year, and -twelve new members are chosen in their -stead by the Common Council, out of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_257'>257</span>each of the twelve principal companies of -the city; who by the appointment of the -Governor or Deputy Governor meet as -often as required in the Irish chamber at -Guildhall, where nine of them, the Governor -or Deputy Governor being one, -make a court.</p> - -<p class='c010'>They have a Secretary and a messenger -of their own appointment to attend them. -They have also a Treasurer, who is chosen -annually, and gives security to account -with the society for what money he -receives. All by-laws made by the corporation -of Londonderry must be confirmed -by the society, before they can be -of force. The society has the right of -presentation to the churches of Londonderry -and Colerain: they likewise appoint -a general agent in Ireland to correspond -with them, and transact their affairs -in that kingdom; and also a receiver to receive -their rents. <i>Maitland.</i> In short, the -citizens of London have the privilege of -being free of the city of Londonderry.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Iron Gate</span>, Tower wharf.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Iron Gate</span> <i>stairs</i>, Iron Gate, Tower wharf.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ironmonger</span> <i>lane</i>, Cheapside; so called -from its being once chiefly inhabited by -those of that trade. <i>Stow.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ironmonger</span> <i>row</i>, Old street; so called -from the school belonging to that company.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_258'>258</span><span class='sc'>Ironmonger Row School</span>, was founded -in the year 1727, by Mr. John Fuller, -for the education of twenty boys and upwards, -for the support of which he bequeathed -the sum of 1600<i>l.</i> to be laid -out in a purchase. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ironmongers</span>, one of the twelve principal -companies, was incorporated by letters -patent granted by King Edward IV. in -the year 1464. This corporation is governed -by a Master, two Wardens, and -the whole livery, which consists of eighty-four, -who are assistants, and whose fine -upon admission is 15<i>l.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>This company has a very great estate, -out of which is annually paid, according -to the direction of the several donors, about -1800<i>l.</i> Besides these charities, Mr. -Thomas Betton, a Turkey merchant, left -this company, in trust, in the year 1724, -about 26,000<i>l.</i> one moiety of the profits -thereof to be perpetually employed in the -redemption of British captives from Moorish -slavery; and the other half to be -equally distributed between the poor of -the company, and the several charity -schools within the bills of mortality. -<i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ironmongers</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in Kingsland road. -See <span class='sc'>Jefferies’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ironmongers Hall</span>, a very noble modern -<span class='pageno' id='Page_259'>259</span>building in Fenchurch street. This -edifice is entirely fronted with stone, and -was erected in the year 1748. The -whole lower story is wrought in rustic; -the center part of the building projects a -little, and in this are a large arched entrance, -and two windows, with two others -on each side. Over this rustic -story rises the superstructure, which has a -light rustic at the corners, to keep up a -correspondence with the rest of the building; -the part which projects is here ornamented -with four Ionic pilasters coupled, -but with a large inter-columniation. -In the middle is a very noble Venetian -window, and over it, a circular one. In -each space between the pilasters, is a -smaller window, with an angular pediment; -and over these are also circular -ones; but the side parts have arched windows -with square ones over them. The -central part is crowned with a pediment -supported by these pilasters, and in its -plain is the arms of the company with -handsome decorations in relievo. The -rest of the building is terminated by a -balustrade crowned with vases.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Isaac’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Shoe lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Island Head</span> <i>lane</i>, Wapping.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Isle of Dogs</span>, a part of Poplar marsh. -When our Sovereigns had a palace at -<span class='pageno' id='Page_260'>260</span>Greenwich, they used it as a hunting seat, -and it is said, kept the kennels for their -hounds in this marsh, which lies on the -other side of the river; these hounds frequently -making a great noise, the seamen -and others called the place the Isle of -Dogs, though it is so far from being an -island, that it can scarcely be called a -peninsula. <i>Stow.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Isleworth</span> or <span class='sc'>Thistleworth</span>, a village -in Middlesex, pleasantly situated on -the Thames opposite to Richmond. Here -are two charity schools, and in its neighbourhood -are the seats of several persons -of distinction.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Islington</span>, a large village in Middlesex, -on the north side of London, to which it -is almost contiguous. It appears to have -been built by the Saxons, and in the time -of William the Conqueror was called -Isendon or Isledon. By the south west -side of this village, is a fine reservoir called -New River Head, which consists of a -large bason, into which the New River -discharges itself; part of the water is -from thence conveyed by pipes to London, -while another part is thrown by an -engine through other pipes up hill to a -reservoir, which lies much higher, in -order to supply the highest parts of London.</p> - -<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_261'>261</span>The church is one of the prebends of -St. Paul’s; the old Gothic structure lately -taken down was erected in the year -1503, and stood till 1751, when it being -in a ruinous condition, the inhabitants -applied to parliament for leave to -rebuild it, and soon after erected the -present structure, which is a very substantial -brick edifice, though it does not -want an air of lightness. The body is -well enlightened, and the angles strengthened -and decorated with a plain rustic. -The floor is raised considerably above the -level of the church yard, and the door in -the front is adorned with a portico, which -consists of a dome supported by four Doric -columns; but both the door and the -portico appear too small for the rest of the -building. The steeple consists of a tower, -which rises square to a considerable height, -terminated by a cornice supporting four -vases, at the corners. Upon this part is -placed an octangular balustrade, from -within which rises the base of the dome -in the same form, supporting Corinthian -columns with their shafts wrought with -rustic. Upon these rests the dome, and -from its crown rises the spire, which is -terminated by a ball and its fane. Though -the body of the church is very large, the -roof is supported without pillars, and the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_262'>262</span>inside is extremely commodious, and adorned -with an elegant plainness.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This parish is very extensive, and includes -Upper and Lower Holloway, three -sides of Newington Green, and part of -Kingsland. There are in Islington two -Independent meeting houses, and a charity -school founded in the year 1613, by -Dame Alice Owen, for educating thirty -children: this foundation, together with -that of a row of almshouses, are under -the care of the Brewers company. There -is here also a spring of chalybeat water in -a very pleasant garden, which for some -years was honoured by the constant attendance -of the late Princess Amelia and many -persons of quality, who drank the waters: -to this place, which is called New Tunbridge -Wells, many people resort, particularly -during the summer, the price of -drinking the waters being 3<i>d.</i> for each -person. Near this place is a house of -entertainment called Sadler’s Wells, where -during the summer season people are amused -with balance masters, walking on -the wire, rope dancing, tumbling, and -pantomime entertainments.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Islington</span> <i>road</i>, 1. Goswell street. 2. St. -John’s street, West Smithfield.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Julian</span> <i>court</i>, Angel alley.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>Clerk of the</i> <span class='sc'>Juries Office</span>, in Hind court, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_263'>263</span>Fleet street. The Clerk of the juries is -an officer of the court of Common Pleas, -who makes out writs called <i>Habeas Corpora</i>, -and <i>Distringas Juratorum</i>, for appearance -of the jury, either in that court, -or at the assizes in the country. This -office is executed by a deputy. <i>Chamb. -Pres. State.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Justice Hall</span>, on the north east side of -the Old Bailey, stands backwards in a -yard to which there is an entrance through -a gateway. Had the building therefore -been a fine one, it could not have been -viewed to advantage; but it is a plain -brick edifice, that has nothing to recommend -it. A flight of plain steps lead up -into the court room, which has a gallery -at each end for the accommodation of -spectators. The prisoners are brought to -this court from Newgate, by a passage -backwards which leads to that prison, and -there are two places where they are kept -till called to their trials, the one for the -men and the other for the women. There -are also rooms for the grand and petty -jury and other accommodations.</p> - -<p class='c010'>An author, whose opinion we have given -on other subjects, condemns this, and all -the other courts of justice in England, as -wanting that grandeur and augustness -which might strike offenders and mankind -<span class='pageno' id='Page_264'>264</span>in general with an awe for the place; -and he recommends the form of a theatre -as most proper, the stage for the bench, -the pit for the council, prisoners, &c. -and the circle round for the spectators. -Whether this writer’s idea of the form of -a court of judicature is just and well -founded, we shall not determine.</p> - -<p class='c010'>It seems however to be wished, that -these public edifices had more of the -appearance of grandeur and magnificence, -especially in the metropolis of the kingdom.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This court is held eight times a year -by the King’s commission of oyer and terminer, -for the tryal of criminals for crimes -committed within the city of London and -county of Middlesex. The Judges are, -the Lord Mayor, the Aldermen past the -chair, and the Recorder, who, on all -such occasions, are attended by both the -Sheriffs, and by one or more of the national -Judges. The offences in the city -are tried by a jury of citizens, and those -committed in the county by one formed -of the housekeepers in the county. The -crimes tried in this court are high and -petty treason, murder, felony, forgery, -petty larceny, burglary, cheating, libelling, -the using of false weights and measures, -&c. the penalties incurred by which -<span class='pageno' id='Page_265'>265</span>are the loss of life, corporal punishment, -transportation, amerciaments, &c. <i>Stow</i>, -<i>Maitland</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ivy</span> <i>Bridge</i>, In the Strand.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ivy Bridge</span> <i>lane</i>, In the Strand.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ivy Bridge</span> <i>stairs</i>, Near the Strand.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ivy</span> <i>lane</i>, runs from Pater Noster Row into -Newgate street. This lane took its name -from the Ivy which grew on the walls of -the prebends houses, formerly situated -here. <i>Stow.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Ivy</span> <i>street</i>, Dyot street, St. Giles’s.</p> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i291.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c007'>K.</h2> -</div> -<p class='c008'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Katharine’s</span>. See St. <span class='sc'>Catharine’s</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Keat</span> <i>street</i>, Dean and Flown street, Spitalfields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kebb’s</span> <i>yard</i>, In the Minories.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kemp’s</span> <i>court</i>, Berwick street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kempton</span> <i>court</i>, Vine street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kennington</span>, a village near Lambeth, in -Surry, and one of the eight precincts of -that parish. It has the honour of giving -the title of Earl to the Duke of Cumberland.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_266'>266</span><span class='sc'>Kennington Common</span>, a small spot of -ground, on the side of the road to Camberwell, -and about a mile and a half -from London. Upon this spot is the gallows -for the county of Surry.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kennington</span> <i>lane</i>, Newington Butts.</p> - -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i293.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>Kensington Palace</i><br /><i>S. Wale delin.</i> <i>B. Green sculp.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kensington</span>, a large and populous village -in Middlesex, about two miles from Hyde -Park Corner, part of which, from the -palace gate to the Bell, is in the parish of -St. Margaret’s, Westminster. The palace, -which was the seat of the Lord -Chancellor Finch, afterwards Earl of -Nottingham, was purchased by King -William, who greatly improved it, and -caused a royal road to be made to it, -through St. James’s and Hyde Parks, with -lamp posts erected at equal distances on -each side. Queen Mary enlarged the -gardens; her sister Queen Anne improved -what Mary had begun, and was so -pleased with the place, that she frequently -supped during the summer in the Green -house, which is a very beautiful one: -but her late excellent Majesty Queen -Caroline completed the design, by extending -the gardens from the great road -in Kennington to Acton; by bringing -what is called the Serpentine river into -them, and by taking in some aires out of -Hyde Park, on which she caused a mount -<span class='pageno' id='Page_267'>267</span>to be raised, with a chair upon it, that -could be easily turned round, so as to afford -shelter from the wind. This mount -is surrounded with a grove of ever-greens, -and commands a fine view over the gardens -to the south and west. In short -these gardens, which are three miles and -a half in compass, are kept in great order, -and in summer-time, when the court is -not there, are resorted to by great numbers -of people. The palace indeed has -none of that grandeur, which ought to -appear in the residence of a British Monarch; -its nearness to the town makes it -very convenient, but it is very irregular -in point of architecture. However the -royal apartments are grand, and some of -the pictures are good.</p> - -<p class='c010'>On passing the base court, you enter -through a large portico into a stone gallery, -that leads to the great stair case, -which is a very fine one, and consists of -several flights of black marble steps, adorned -with iron balusters finely wrought. -The painting here affords the view of -several balconies with groups of figures -representing yeomen of the guard, and -spectators, among whom are drawn Mr. -Ulrick, commonly called the young Turk, -in the Polonese dress in which he waited -on his late Majesty King George I. Peter, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_268'>268</span>the wild youth, &c. The stair case is richly -decorated and painted by Mr. Kent.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The first room is hung with very fine -tapestry, representing the goddess Diana, -hunting and killing the wild boar. Over -the chimney is a picture in a grand taste, -representing one of the Graces in the -character of Painting, receiving instructions -from Cupid. This piece is said to -be done by Guido Reni. In one corner -of the room is a marble statue of Venus, -with an apple in her hand; and in another -is the statue of Bacchus, whose head -is finely executed; but the body, which -is inferior to it, seems to be done by another -hand.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The second room has its ceiling painted -with Minerva, surrounded by the arts and -sciences, by Mr. Kent. Over the chimney -is a very fine piece representing Cupid -admiring Psyche, while she is asleep, by -Vandyck. On each side of the room are -hung several pictures, as King Henry VIII. -and the Comptroller of his houshold, by -Holbein: a three quarter picture of King -Charles I. and another of his Queen, by -Vandyck: the Duke and Duchess of York, -by Sir Peter Lely: as also King William -and Queen Mary, when Prince and Princess -of Orange, over the doors, by the -same hand.</p> - -<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_269'>269</span>The third room, which was the late -Queen’s apartment, is adorned with very -beautiful tapestry, representing a Dutch -winter piece, and the various diversions -peculiar to the natives of Holland, done -by Mr. Vanderbank. Over the chimney -is an admirable picture of King Charles II. -King James II. and their sister the Princess -of Orange, when children, by Vandyck.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the fourth room is the picture of a -battle or skirmish between the Germans -and Italians, by Holbein. Another of -Danae descending in a shower of gold, -and another of the widow Eliot finely executed -by our countryman Riley.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the fifth room is a picture of the -crucifixion, and another of our Saviour -laid on the cross, both by Titian: of our -Saviour calling St. Matthew from the receipt -of customs, by Annibal Caracci; and -of his healing the sick in the temple, by -Verrio: a picture of Henry IV. of France, -by Titian: two heads of Queen Mary I. -and Queen Elizabeth, when children, by -Holbein: the late Queen Anne, when an -infant, by Sir Peter Lely: and several -heads by Raphael.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the sixth room, or rather gallery, -are the pictures of King Henry VIII. and -Queen Katharine of Arragon, both by -<span class='pageno' id='Page_270'>270</span>Holbein: King Philip of Spain, and -Queen Mary, by the same hand: King -James I. by Vandyck: King Charles II. -the face by Sir Peter Lely: Queen Elizabeth -in a Chinese dress, drawn when -she was a prisoner at Woodstock: King -James II. when Duke of York, and another -of his Queen, both by Sir Peter -Lely: King William and Queen Mary in -their coronation robes, by Sir Godfrey -Kneller. Sir Godfrey was knighted on -his painting these pictures; King William -being doubtless pleased with so fine a -picture of his Queen. The next is Queen -Anne, after Sir Godfrey Kneller; and a -picture of Queen Caroline, which is but -poorly executed. In this room is a curious -amber cabinet, in a glass case; and -at the upper end a beautiful orrery, likewise -in a glass case.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The seventh, which is called the Cupola -room, has a star in the center, and -the ceiling all around is adorned with -paintings in mosaic: round the room are -placed at proper distances, eight bustos -of ancient poets, and six statues of the -heathen gods and goddesses at full length, -gilt. Over the chimney piece is a curious -bas-relief in marble, representing a -Roman marriage, with a busto of Cleopatra, -by Mr. Rysbrack.</p> - -<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_271'>271</span>In the King’s great drawing room, over -the chimney, is a very fine picture of St. -Francis adoring the infant Jesus, held -in the lap of the Virgin Mary, Joseph -attending, the whole performed by Sir -Peter Paul Rubens. In this room are -also the holy family, finely painted by -Paul Veronese: three priests, by Tintoret: -a noble picture of St. Agnes over -one of the doors, by Domenichino: St. -John Baptist’s head, Mary Magdalen, -and a naked Venus, all by Titian: a -Venus in a supine posture, stealing an -arrow out of Cupid’s quiver, with beautiful -ornaments in the high gusto of the -Greek antique, representing Love and the -Drama, by Jacobo da Puntormo; upon -the original out-lines of the great Michelangelo -Buonarroti: a picture of Villars, -Duke of Buckingham, and his younger -brother, when boys, one of the capital -pieces of Vandyck: two large pictures by -Guido Reni, one of Venus dressing by -the Graces; the other of Andromeda -chained to a rock: our Saviour in the -manger by Bassan; and a picture of part -of the holy family, by Palma the elder.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The ceiling of this room, in which -there is such a mixture of sacred and prophane -pieces, is painted with the story of -Jupiter and Semele.</p> - -<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_272'>272</span>In the state chamber, the bed is of -crimson damask; and over the chimney -is a picture of our Saviour and St. John -Baptist, by Raphael.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the state dressing room the hangings -are all of needle work; a present from -the Queen of Prussia. Here is a picture -of Edward VI. by Holbein; of a young -nobleman of Venice, by Tintoret; another -young nobleman of the same place, -by Tintoret; and Titian’s lady, painted -by himself.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The Painted gallery is adorned with -many admirable pieces. At one end is -King Charles I. on a white horse, with the -Duke d’Espernon holding his helmet; the -King is an august and noble figure, with -some dejection in his countenance; the -triumphal arch, curtain, and other parts -of the back ground, are finely executed, -and so kept, that the King is the principal -figure that strikes the eye; at a little -distance it has more of the life than a -picture, and one is almost ready to get -out of the horse’s way, and bow to the -King.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Fronting this picture, at the other end -of the gallery, is the same King, with -his Queen, and two children, King -Charles II. when a child, and King -James II. an infant in the Queen’s lap. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_273'>273</span>The King’s paternal tenderness is finely -expressed, his son standing at his knee: -the Queen’s countenance is expressive of -an affectionate obedience to his Majesty, -and a fond care of her child, which she -seems to desire the King to look on. The -infant is exquisitely performed; the vacancy -of thought in the face, and the -inactivity of the hands, are equal to life -itself at that age. These two admirable -pieces were done by Vandyck.</p> - -<p class='c010'>One of the next capital pictures in this -gallery is Esther fainting before King -Ahasuerus, painted by Tintoret. All the -figures are finely drawn and richly dressed -in the Venetian manner; for the Venetian -school painted all their historical -figures in their own habits, thinking them -more noble and picturesque than any -other.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The next piece is the nine muses in -concert, finely drawn by the same master.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Midas preferring Pan to Apollo, is a -fine piece, by Andrea Schiavone; but it -is a good deal hurt by time; the figures -however are well drawn and coloured; -and the affectation of judgment in Midas -is finely expressed.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The shepherds offering gifts to Christ, -St. John in prison, the story of the woman -<span class='pageno' id='Page_274'>274</span>of Samaria, and John Baptist’s head, -are fine pieces, by Old Palma.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Noah’s flood, by Bassan, is a masterly -performance.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Over the chimney is a Madona, by -Raphael, which, though a small piece, -gives a very high idea of that great master’s -abilities. There is also in this gallery -a Madona by Vandyck, which is exquisitely -performed.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The other pictures here are, the birth -of Jupiter, a fine piece, by Giulio Romano; -a Cupid whetting his arrow, by -Annibal Caracci; and a Venus and Cupid, -by Titian.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kent</span> <i>road</i>, At the upper end of Kent street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kent</span> <i>street</i>, extends from the end of Long -lane, near St. George’s church, Southwark, -to Kent road. It is observable that -the principal business of this street is making -of birch brooms, in which the masters -are such great dealers, that in some of -their yards several stacks of brooms may -be seen of a considerable extent, and -rising as high as the most lofty houses.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kent’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Angel alley.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kettleby’s</span> <i>rents</i>, at Kennington.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kettle</span> <i>yard</i>, Redcross street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kew</span>, a town in Surry, situated on the -Thames, opposite to Old Brentford. Here -<span class='pageno' id='Page_275'>275</span>is a chapel of ease, erected at the expence -of several of the nobility and gentry in the -neighbourhood, on a piece of ground -that was given for that purpose by the -late Queen Anne. Here the late Mr. -Molineux, Secretary to his present Majesty -when Prince of Wales, had a very -fine seat on the Green, the gardens of -which are said to produce the best fruit in -England. This house belonged to the -late Prince of Wales. Her late Majesty -Queen Caroline here purchased Lady -Eyre’s seat, for the Duke of Cumberland, -and Sir Thomas Abney’s for the Princesses -Amelia and Caroline.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the sessions of parliament in 1758, -an act passed for building a bridge cross -the Thames opposite to Kew Green; and -this act is now executed, and a bridge is -built of eleven arches. The two piers -and their dependent arches on each side -next the shore are built of brick and -stone, the intermediate arches, which -are seven in number, are entirely wood. -The center arch is fifty feet wide, and -the road over the bridge is thirty feet -wide.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Key</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Little St. Thomas Apostles.* -2. St. John street, West Smithfield.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kidder’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Petty France, Westminster.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kidney</span> <i>stairs</i>, Narrow street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_276'>276</span><span class='sc'>Kifford’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, at Tothill side, Westminster, -was founded by Mrs. Judith -Kifford, in the year 1705, for two decayed -gentlewomen, each of whom has -one room, and 5<i>l.</i> <i>per annum</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kilborn</span>, a village in Middlesex, in the -road from London to Edgworth, and in -the parish of Hampstead.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kilham’s</span> <i>wharf</i>, Millbank.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kill</span> <i>court</i>, St. John’s street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Killigrew</span> <i>court</i>, Scotland yard.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King and Queen</span> <i>stairs</i>, Rotherhith.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King David’s</span> <i>court</i>, Whitechapel.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King David’s Fort</span>, Near Bluegate fields.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King David’s Fort</span> <i>lane</i>, King David’s -lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King David’s</span> <i>lane</i>, Upper Shadwell.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King Edward’s</span> <i>row</i>, Coverley’s fields.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King Edward’s</span> <i>stairs</i>, Wapping.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King Edward’s</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Tudor street.* -2. Wapping.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King Henry’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Nightingale lane, East -Smithfield.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King James’s</span> <i>stairs</i>, Wapping wall.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King John’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Barnaby street.* 2. -Holiwell lane.* 3. Limehouse Corner. 4. -Mile-end Green.* 5. Stepney Green.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King John’s</span> <i>court passage</i>, Barnaby street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King Tudor’s</span> <i>street</i>, Bridewell, Fleet -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Arms</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Bankside.* 2. Basinghall -<span class='pageno' id='Page_277'>277</span>street.* 3. King John’s court, -Holiwell street.* 4. Ludgate hill.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Arms</span> <i>stairs</i>, College street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Arms</span> <i>walk</i>, Narrow walk.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Arms</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Chick lane.* 2. -Coleman street.* 3. Fore street.* 4. -Lothbury.* 5. St. Martin’s lane, Charing -Cross.* 6. Marybon street.* 7. -Shoreditch.* 8. Whitechapel.* 9. Whitecross -street, Cripplegate.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Arms</span> <i>inn yard</i>, Holborn Bridge.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Bench</span>, the highest Court of Common -Law in England, is so called, because -the King sometimes sat there in -person on an high bench, and the Judges, -to whom the judicature belongs in his absence, -on a low bench at his feet: or -because this Court determines pleas between -the Crown and the subject of treasons, -felonies, and other pleas, which -properly belong to the King: and also in -whatsoever relates to the loss of life or -member of any subject, in which the -King is concerned, as he is a sufferer by -the loss of the life or limbs of his subjects. -Here likewise are tried breaches of peace, -oppression, and misgovernment; and this -Court corrects the errors of all the Judges -and Justices of England, in their judgments -and proceedings, not only in pleas -of the Crown, but in all pleas, real, personal, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_278'>278</span>and mix’d; except only pleas in -the Exchequer. This Court is general, -and extends to all England; and where-ever -it is held the law supposes the Sovereign -to be there in person. In this -Court there commonly sit four Judges, -the first of which is stiled the Lord Chief -Justice of the King’s Bench; and sometimes -the Lord Chief Justice of England; -whose salary is 4000<i>l.</i> a year, and the -puisne Judges 1500<i>l.</i> a year each. <i>Chamberlain’s -Present State.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>The Court of King’s Bench in Westminster -Hall, is in the south east corner.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Bench</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Dorset street, Spitalfields. -2. St. Margaret’s Hill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Bench Office</span>, In the Inner Temple, -at the lower end of King’s Bench -walk, next the Thames. Here the records -of that Court are kept to secure -them from fire.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Bench Prison</span>, In St. George’s -fields, is a place of confinement for debtors; -and for those sentenced by the -Court of King’s Bench to suffer imprisonment, -for libels and other misdemeanors; -but those who can purchase the liberties -have the benefit of walking through a part -of the Borough, and in St. George’s fields.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This prison is situated in a fine air; -but all prospect of the fields, even from -<span class='pageno' id='Page_279'>279</span>the uppermost windows, is excluded by -the height of the walls with which it is -surrounded. It has a neat chapel for the -performance of divine worship, and only -one bed in each room; but these rooms -are extremely small; they are all exactly -alike, and none above nine feet in length.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Bench</span> <i>walk</i>, Inner Temple, from -the King’s Bench office kept there.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s College</span> <i>lane</i>, Bristol street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Milk street, Cheapside. -2. Nightingale lane, East Smithfield.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Gate</span> <i>street</i>, High Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Head</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Broad street, Ratcliff.* -2. Dorset street, Spitalfields.* 3. -In the Maze. 4. Whitechapel.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Head</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Barnaby street.* 2. -Beech lane.* 3. In the Borough.* 4. -St. Clement’s.* 5. Cock lane, Shoreditch.* -6. Crispin street.* 7. Drury -lane.* 8. Fetter lane.* 9. Golden lane.* -10. Goswell street.* 11. Gutter lane.* -12. Hand alley.* 13. Holborn.* 14. -Huggen lane, Thames street.* 15. King -street, Cheapside.* 16. Little Carter lane.* -17. St. Martin’s le Grand. 18. New Fish -street.* 19. New Gravel lane.* 20. Old -Gravel lane.* 21. Petticoat lane, Whitechapel.* -22. Plumtree street.* 23. Pudding -lane, Thames street.* 24. Shoe lane, -Fleet street.* 25. Shoreditch.* 26. Southampton -<span class='pageno' id='Page_280'>280</span>buildings.* 27. Stanhope street.* -28. In the Strand.* 29. Tenter Ground.* -30. Vine street.* 31. Whitecross street, -Cripplegate.* 32. Wood street, Cheapside.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Head</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Fore street, Lambeth.* -2. High Holborn.* 3. Holiwell -street.* 4. King street, New Gravel lane.* -5. Leather lane, Holborn.* 6. Moorfields.* -7. Shoreditch.* 8. Tooley street.* -9. Wiltshire lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Library</span>, was founded by Henry -Prince of Wales, the eldest son of King -James I. The printed books in this Library -amount to about 10,200 and the -manuscripts to about 1800. They were -kept in Cotton house, till that was burnt -by the fire in 1731; they however suffered -but little by that fire, and were removed -with the Cotton library to the Old -Dormitory at Westminster; since which -both these libraries have been placed with -Sir Hans Sloane’s Museum in Montagu -house. See the articles <span class='sc'>Cotton Library</span>, -and <span class='sc'>British Museum</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>Clerk of the</i> <span class='sc'>King’s Silver</span>, an officer of -the Court of Common Pleas, to whom -every fine or final agreement upon the -sale of land is brought, after it has been -with the <i>Custos Brevium</i>, who makes an -entry of what money is to be paid for the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_281'>281</span>King’s use. This office, which is executed -by a deputy, is kept in the Inner -Temple. <i>Chamberlain’s Present State.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Langley</span>, near Abbots Langley in -Hertfordshire, received its name from a -royal palace built here by King Henry III. -the ruins of which are still to be seen. -King Richard II. with his Queen, and -many of the nobility kept a Christmas -here, and in its monastery he was buried, -though afterwards removed to Westminster -by King Henry V. Here was also -born and buried, Edmund of Langley, -Duke of York, the son of Edward III. -and many others of that family.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s</span> <i>rents</i>, 1. Shad Thames.* 2. Whitecross -street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Old</span> and <span class='sc'>New Roads</span> to Kensington, -Hyde Park.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s</span> <i>road</i>, 1. Barnaby street. 2. Gray’s -Inn lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s</span> <i>row</i>, Shad Thames.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s</span> <i>square</i>. See <span class='sc'>Soho</span> <i>square</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Square</span> <i>court</i>, Dean street, Soho.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s</span> <i>stairs</i>, Rotherhith.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King</span> <i>street</i>. Many of these streets first received -their present name, after the restoration, -in honour of King Charles II. or -of monarchy in general. 1. Bartholomew -hospital. 2. Brick lane, Spitalfields. -3. Opposite to Queen street, and leading -<span class='pageno' id='Page_282'>282</span>from Cheapside to Guildhall; so called by -the act of parliament, by which it was first -ordered to be built after the fire of London. -4. Covent Garden. 5. Duke’s Place. -6. Foul lane, in the Borough. 7. Golden -Square. 8. Near Grosvenor square. 9. -High Holborn. 10. Hoxton square. 11. -St. James’s square. 12. Little Tower hill. -13. Lowman’s street. 14. In the Mint. -15. Near Monmouth street. 16. New -Gravel lane. 17. Old Greek street, Soho. -18. Old street square. 19. Oxford -street. 20. Piccadilly. 21. Prince’s square. -22. Prince’s street, Soho. 23. Ratcliff -Highway. 24. Rosemary lane. 25. Rotherhith -wall. 26. Tooley street. 27. -Upper Moorfields. 28. Westminster. -29. Wood’s Close, Compton street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s</span> <i>street passage</i>, Little Tower hill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s</span> <i>way</i>, Gray’s Inn lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s Weigh House.</span> See <span class='sc'>Weigh -House</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>King’s</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Barnaby street. 2. Leather -lane, Holborn. 3. Whitecross street, -Cripplegate.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kingsbury</span>, at the west end of St. Alban’s -in Hertfordshire, is thus named from the -Saxon Kings frequently keeping their -court there, till it was purchased by the -monks of the neighbouring abbey.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kingsland</span>, a hamlet of the parish of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_283'>283</span>Islington, lying between Hoxton and -Clapton. Here was anciently an hospital -for lepers, which is now appropriated to -the cure of the venereal disease, and is an -appendage to St. Bartholomew’s and St. -Thomas’s hospitals. The edifice is a plain -modern brick building, without ornamental -decorations; it is large and proper -for the use to which it is applied, and on -the end of it is a dial, which has the -following suitable motto, <span class='sc'>Post Voluptatem -Misericordia</span>; that is, <i>After -pleasure comes pain</i>. This structure joins -a little old chapel; but it is wisely contrived -that the patients, who are obliged -to attend divine service, can neither see -nor be seen by the rest of the audience.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This hospital is called <i>The Lock</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kingston upon Thames</span>, a Town in -Surry, received its name from its having -been the residence of several of our Saxon -Kings, some of whom were crowned on -a stage in the market place. It is a populous -and well-built place, and in the -reigns of Edward the Second and Third -sent members to parliament. Here is a -spacious church with eight bells, in which -are the pictures of the Saxon Kings who -were crowned here, and also that of King -John, who gave the inhabitants of this -town their first charter. Here is also a -<span class='pageno' id='Page_284'>284</span>wooden bridge of twenty arches over the -Thames; a free school erected and endowed -by Queen Elizabeth; an almshouse -built in 1670 by Aldermen Clive, -for six men, and as many women, and -endowed with land to the value of 80<i>l.</i> -a year; and a charity school for thirty -boys, who are all cloathed. The summer -assizes for this county are generally -held here, and there is a gallery on the -top of a hill that overlooks the town. A -house called Hircomb’s Place, in this -town, was the seat of the famous Earl of -Warwick, stiled The setter up and puller -down of Kings. Besides the above bridge, -there is another of brick over a stream, -that flows from a spring which rises four -miles above the town, and within the distance -of a bow shot from its source, -forms a brook that drives two mills. Here -is a good market for corn, and the town -carries on a considerable trade.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kinhavey’s</span> <i>court</i>, St. Martin’s lane, Charing -Cross.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kinnersley’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Ratcliff highway.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kirby’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Foul lane, in the Borough.† -2. Chick lane, West Smithfield.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kirby’s</span> <i>wharf</i>, Lower Shadwell.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kirby’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Curtain row, Hog lane, St. -Giles’s.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kirk’s</span> <i>yard</i>, East Smithfield.†</p> - -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_285'>285</span><span class='sc'>Kitter’s</span> <i>yard</i>, White Hart lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Knave of Clubs</span> <i>yard</i>, Old street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Knaves</span> <i>Acre</i>, Wardour street.‖</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Knightsbridge</span>, the first village from -London in the great western road, is -situated in the parishes of St. George’s -Hanover square, and St. Margaret’s Westminster, -but has a chapel independent of -those parishes. Near the entrance of this -village in the way from London, is the -infirmary for the sick and wounded called -St. George’s hospital. See <i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>George’s -Hospital</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Knight’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Back side St. Clement’s.† -2. Green walk.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Knitneedle</span> <i>street</i>, Bloomsbury.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Knockfergus</span>, Near Rosemary lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Knolley’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Hog lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Knowles’s</span> <i>court</i>, Little Carter lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Knowl House</span>, near Sevenoak in Kent, is -the seat of the Duke of Dorset. It is -situated in the middle of a park, and is -a handsome large stone fabric. There -are some excellent pictures in the apartments.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Korby’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Hand alley, Petticoat lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Kreetch’s</span> <i>wharf</i>, Millbank.†</p> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_286'>286</span> -<img src='images/i291.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c007'>L.</h2> -</div> -<p class='c008'><span class='sc'>Labour-in-vain</span> <i>alley</i>, St. Margaret’s -hill.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Labour-in-vain</span> <i>court</i>, Old Fish street hill.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Labour-in-vain</span> <i>hill</i>, Thames street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Labour-in-vain</span> <i>street</i>, Lower Shadwell.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Labour-in-vain</span> <i>yard</i>, Thames street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lad</span> <i>court</i>, Moses alley, Willow street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lad</span> <i>lane</i>, Wood street, Cheapside.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Laddle</span> <i>court</i>, Cut Throat lane, Upper -Shadwell.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lad’s</span> <i>court</i>, Gardiner’s lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lady</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Great St. Anne’s lane. 2. -King street, Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lady Alley</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, in King street, -Westminster, consists of four rooms for -as many poor women, and is said to have -been founded by a King or Queen of England, -with an allowance out of the Exchequer -of 1<i>l.</i> 6<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i> a year each. -<i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lamb</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Bishopsgate street without.* -2. Blackman street, by St. George’s church, -Southwark.* 3. Goodman’s fields. 4. -Monkwell street.† 5. In the Old Change.* -6. Saffron hill.* 7. Sherbourn lane, Lombard -street.* 8. Whitechapel.* 9. St. -Giles’s Broadway.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lamb</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Abchurch lane. 2. Clerkenwell. -3. Lamb alley, Southwark.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_287'>287</span><span class='sc'>Lamb’s</span> <i>buildings</i>, Inner Temple.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lamb’s Chapel</span>, situated in a court to -which it gives its name, at the north west -corner of London wall, was founded in -the reign of Edward I. and dedicated to -St. James, when it was distinguished -from other places of religious worship of -the same name by the denomination of -<i>St. James’s Chapel</i>, or <i>Hermitage on the -wall</i>; from its being erected on or near -the city wall in Monkwell street. At the -dissolution of religious houses, King -Henry VIII. granted this chapel to William -Lamb, a rich clothworker, who bequeathed -it, with other appurtenances, to -the company of which he was a member, -and from him it received its present name.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In this chapel the clothworkers company -have four sermons preached to them -upon four principal festivals in the year, -viz. upon the feast of the annunciation of -the blessed Virgin, March 25; on the -feast of St. John Baptist, June 24; on -the feast of St. Michael the Archangel, -Sept. 29; and on that of St. Thomas the -Apostle, Dec. 21; upon which days the -Master, Wardens, and Livery of the company, -in conformity to the above Mr. -Lamb’s will, go in their gowns to the -chapel and hear a sermon; after which -they relieve twelve poor men and as many -<span class='pageno' id='Page_288'>288</span>women, by giving one shilling to -each; and every Michaelmas they give to -each a frize gown, a lockram shift, and -a good pair of winter shoes.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lamb’s Chapel</span> <i>court</i>, Monkwell street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lamb’s Conduit</span>, was according to Stow -formed by the above-mentioned Mr. William -Lamb, who having drawn together -several springs of water to one head, at -a place which is now the end of Red -Lion street, in Holborn, erected a conduit -there, and conveyed part of the -water through leaden pipes the space of -two thousand yards to Snow hill, where -having rebuilt a ruinous conduit, which -had been long disused, he laid the water -into it. The whole expense of this work, -which was finished March 26, 1577, amounted -to 1500<i>l.</i> These conduits were -built with stone, with a lamb on the -top: the former of these little edifices -gave its name to the adjacent fields, on -which the Foundling hospital is built; -but obstructing the view of that truly -noble structure, it was taken down some -years ago, and the water being conveyed -to the side of the street, a descent is made -to the spring head by a flight of stone -steps. That on Snow hill has also been -taken down, and a pump adorned with -lamps placed in its room; the advantage -<span class='pageno' id='Page_289'>289</span>the city receives from the New River water, -rendering these structures, which were -formerly of great advantage, entirely useless.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lamb’s Conduit</span> <i>Mews</i>, Millman street, -Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lamb’s Conduit</span> <i>passage</i>, Red Lion street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lamb’s</span> <i>court</i>, Red Lion court.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lamb</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Crispin street, Spitalfields.† -2. Turnmill street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lamb’s</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Bishopsgate without.† -2. Nightingale lane, East Smithfield.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lambert</span> <i>hill</i>, generally called Lambeth -hill, Thames street; was so called from -Lambert the owner thereof. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lambert</span> <i>street</i>, Goodman’s fields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lambert’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Petticoat lane.†</p> - -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i318.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>Lambeth Palace.</i><br /><i>S. Wale delin.</i> <i>J. Fougeron sculp.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lambeth</span>, a village in Surry, situated on -the Thames, between Southwark and Battersea, -and near the south end of London -bridge; is particularly famous for its containing, -for several ages, the palace of the -Archbishop of Canterbury. This structure -was originally formed by Baldwin, Archbishop -of that see, in the year 1188; who -first intended to have raised a superb -structure at Hackington, near this place; -but the Monks, with whom he was at -variance, obtained the Pope’s mandate against -it; when, taking down what he -had erected, he removed the bell of the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_290'>290</span>materials to Lambeth, with which he -built the palace, a college and church, -having before purchased the ground of -the Bishop and Convent of Rochester, by -a fair exchange.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the year 1250, Boniface, Archbishop -of Canterbury, having, by his arrogance, -rendered himself hateful to the citizens of -London, retired, for the security of his -person, to this palace; and finding it in a -ruinous condition, within the space of -three years rebuilt the whole north side, -the archi-episcopal apartments, the library -and cloisters, the guard-chamber, the -chapel, and Lollards tower.</p> - -<p class='c010'>From that time this palace became -the residence of the greatest persons of the -church, and was soon enlarged by many -additional buildings: Cardinal Pool built -the gate, which, for that time, is a noble -structure. The Lollards tower, which is -thus named from a room in it prepared -for the imprisonment of the followers of -Wickliff, the first British reformer, who -were called Lollards, was finished by -Chichely, and remains a lasting memorial -of his cruelty, and antichristian spirit. It -is a small room, twelve feet broad and nine -long, planked with elm, and there still remain -eight rings and staples, to which -Christians were chained, for presuming to -<span class='pageno' id='Page_291'>291</span>differ in opinion from that prelate. The -spacious hall was erected by Juxton, and -the brick edifice between the gate and this -hall was begun by Archbishop Sancroft, -and finished by the immortal Tillotson.</p> - -<p class='c010'>From the present structure being thus -erected at different periods, it is not at all -surprizing that it has but little appearance -of uniformity; but the edifice, tho’ old, -is in most parts strong; the corners are -faced with rustic, and the top surrounded -with battlements; but the principal apartments -are well proportioned, and well enlightened: -the Gothic work about it is irregularly -disposed, and it is in itself irregular. -Some of the inner rooms are too -close and confined; but there are many -others open and pleasant in themselves, -with the advantage of being convenient, -and of affording very agreeable prospects. -For as this palace is situated on the bank -of the Thames, it affords a fine view up -and down the river, and, from the higher -apartments, a prospect of the country each -way.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The palace, with the rows of trees before -it, and the church of Lambeth adjoining, -when viewed from the Thames, -make a very pretty picturesque appearance, -and this is the view which is here given.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In this palace is a very fine library, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_292'>292</span>founded in the year 1610, by Archbishop -Sancroft, who left by will all his books, -for the use of his successors in the archi-episcopal -see of Canterbury. This library -has been greatly increased by the benefactions -of the Archbishops Abbot, Sheldon, -and Tennyson, and consists of 617 -volumes in manuscript, and above 14,500 -printed books.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The church, which stands by the palace, -is a very antique structure, dedicated -to St. Mary. It has a square tower, and -both that and the body of the church are -crowned with battlements. In this parish -are eight precincts, denominated the -Archbishop’s, the Prince’s, Vauxhall, Kennington, -the Marsh, the Wall, Stockwell, -and the Dean’s precinct. It is remarkable, -that at Lambeth Wall is a spot of ground, -containing an acre and nineteen poles, -named Pedlar’s acre, which has belonged -to the parish from time immemorial, and -is said to have been given by a pedlar, -upon condition that his picture, with that -of his dog, be perpetually preserved in -painted glass in one of the windows of the -church; which the parishioners carefully -performed in the south east window of the -middle isle. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lambeth Butts</span>, Lambeth.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_293'>293</span><span class='sc'>Lambeth Marsh</span>, between Lambeth and -Spring Gardens.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lambeth</span> <i>road</i>, Newington Butts.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lambeth</span> <i>School</i>, was founded by Richard -Laurence, citizen and merchant of London, -in the year 1661, for educating -twenty poor children of the Marsh and -Wall liberties of this parish, for which -purpose he endowed it with 35<i>l.</i> <i>per -annum</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lambeth</span> <i>stairs</i>, Lambeth.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lancaster</span> <i>college</i>, in the parish of St. -Gregory near St. Paul’s, was a hall founded -by King Henry IV. and the executors -of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster; -containing lodgings and a common hall -for charity priests to officiate in a chapel, -on the north side of the choir of St. Paul’s -cathedral; but it was suppressed, and -granted to one Mr. William Gunter, in -the second year of Edward VI. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><i>Duchy of</i> <span class='sc'>Lancaster Court</span>, held at -Gray’s Inn. This court owes its origin -to King Henry IV. after his having deposed -Richard II. when, possessing the -duchy of Lancaster in right of his mother, -he imagined his claim to it better -than that to the throne, and therefore separated -it from the Crown, and erected -this court for its use. Here all matters of -law and equity, belonging to the duchy -<span class='pageno' id='Page_294'>294</span>or county palatine of Lancaster, are tried -and determined by the Chancellor, who is -the chief judge, and is assisted by his attorney -general, and other officers. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><i>Duchy of</i> <span class='sc'>Lancaster Liberty</span>, begins -on the outside of Temple Bar, and extending -along the south side of the Strand to -the east side of Cecil street, reaches down -it to the Thames, and thence to Essex -Buildings, taking in all the houses to -Temple Bar. On the north side it extends -from Temple Bar to where the Maypole -stood, and extending down Holiwell -street, commonly called the back of St. -Clement’s, passes by Butcher row, taking -in all that range of buildings. Beyond -the place of the Maypole, this liberty begins -again by the Fountain tavern in Catharine -street, and reaches from thence -into the Strand, as far as Exeter exchange; -then turning up Burleigh street, it runs up -within four houses of the corner of Essex -street, and, crossing it, proceeds into Catharine -street, by the Fountain tavern. -<i>Stow, last edit.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lancaster</span> <i>court</i>, 1. New Bond street. -2. In the Strand.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lancaster</span> <i>yard</i>, Holiwell street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Land of Promise</span> <i>lane</i>, Hoxton.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Landress</span> <i>alley</i>, Five feet lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_295'>295</span><span class='sc'>Lane’s</span> <i>alley</i>, St. Giles’s Broadway.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lane’s</span> <i>court</i>, Cold Bath square, by Cold -Bath fields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Langbourn Rivulet</span>, a brook which -formerly took its rise in or near the east -end of Fenchurch street, and ran with a -swift current due west, to Sherbourn lane, -at the west end of St. Mary Woolnoth; -then dividing its stream into several rills, -ran directly south, and was lost in the -Wall Brook, on Dowgate hill. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Langbourn Ward</span>, took its name from -the Langbourn, or rivulet above-mentioned. -It is bounded on the north by -Aldgate and Lime street wards; on the -west, by Wallbrook ward; on the south, -by Candlewick, Bridge, Billingsgate, and -Tower street wards; and on the east, by -Aldgate ward. Its principal streets are -great part of Fenchurch street, and Lombard -street, Exchange alley, Birchinlane, -&c.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The most remarkable buildings are, -the churches of St. Mary Woolnoth, St. -Edmund the King, Allhallows Lombard -street, and St. Dionis Backchurch; the -General Post office, Pewterers hall, and -the hall belonging to the Hudson’s Bay -company.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This ward is governed by an Alderman, -his Deputy, ten Common Council men, seventeen -<span class='pageno' id='Page_296'>296</span>wardmote inquest men, nine scavengers, -fifteen constables, and a beadle; -and the jurors returned by the wardmote -inquest serve in the several courts of Guildhall -in the month of November.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Langdon’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Bett’s street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Langley Park</span>, near Langley Green, in -Buckinghamshire, belongs to the Duke -of Marlborough. The late Duke began -to build a new house of stone in this -park, but one of the wings is yet wanting -to compleat the design, which is more -remarkable for its elegance than grandeur.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Langley</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Long Acre.† 2. Whitecross -street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lang’s</span> <i>court</i>, St. Martin’s lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lassingby’s</span> <i>court</i>, Conduit court, Long -Acre.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Last</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Cow Cross, West Smithfield.* -2. Whitechapel.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Last and Ball</span> <i>court</i>, London Wall.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Latimers</span>, a hamlet with a chapel of ease -to Chesham in Bucks, received its name -from its ancient Lords. In this hamlet -lived Sir Edwyn Sands, whose daughter -having four sons and nine daughters by -her husband Sir Thomas Temple, ancestor -of the present Earl Temple, lived -to see 700 descended from her, and died -in 1656. The Lord James Cavendish -has here a seat.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_297'>297</span><span class='sc'>Lavender</span> <i>street</i>, near Cuckold’s Point.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Laughton’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Cinnamon street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Lawrence</span> <i>Jewry</i>, on the north side of -Cateaton street, in Cheap ward, is thus -denominated from its being dedicated to -St. Lawrence, a native of Huesca in the -kingdom of Arragon in Spain, who, after -having suffered the most dreadful torments -under the Emperor Valerian, was -cruelly broiled alive upon a gridiron, with -a slow fire, till he died: and it received -the additional epithet of Jewry, from its -situation among the Jews, who formerly -resided in the streets near that -church; to distinguish it from St. Lawrence -Poultney, now demolished. <i>Maitland.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>This church being burnt, with many -others, in the dreadful fire of London in -1666, was rebuilt at the parish expence, -with a very considerable benefaction by -Sir John Langham.</p> - -<p class='c010'>It is eighty-one feet long, sixty-eight -broad, forty feet high to the roof, and -the steeple 130 feet high. The body is -enlightened by two series of windows, -the lower ones large and uniform, and -the upper small. At the east end is a -pediment with niches supported by Corinthian -columns. The tower, which is -lofty, is terminated by a balustrade with -<span class='pageno' id='Page_298'>298</span>plain pinnacles, and within this balustrade -rises a kind of lanthorn, which -supports the base of the spire.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This church is a vicarage in the gift -of the Master and Scholars of Baliol college -in Oxford, and the profits of the Incumbent -are much augmented by the parish -of St. Mary Magdalen Milk street -being annexed to it: he receives 120<i>l.</i> a -year from the parish, and 20<i>l.</i> from Baliol -college.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lawrence</span> <i>lane</i>, 1. From Cheapside to Cateaton -street, near the above church. 2. -High street, St. Giles’s. 3. New street -Lambeth.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Lawrence</span> <i>Poultney</i>, on the west side -of St. Lawrence Poultney’s lane, was so -denominated from the above saint, and -Mr. John Poultney, who founded a college -there; but the church being consumed -in the general conflagration in -1666, and not rebuilt, the parish was -united to that of St. Mary Abchurch.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lawrence Poultney</span> <i>hill</i>, Canon street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lawrence Poultney</span> <i>lane</i>, Canon -street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lead Office</span>, in Ingram’s court, Fenchurch -street. This office belongs to a -company incorporated by letters patent -granted by King William and Queen -Mary in the year 1692, under the title -<span class='pageno' id='Page_299'>299</span>of <i>The Governor and Company for melting -down lead with pit and sea coal</i>. By this -patent they are empowered to raise a joint -stock for the effectual carrying on the business -of smelting, or drawing lead from -the ore with sea coal instead of wood.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This corporation is under the direction -of a Governor, Deputy Governor, and -twelve Assistants. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leadenhall</span>, a very large building of -great antiquity in Leadenhall street, with -flat battlements leaded at the top, and a -spacious square in the middle. In this -edifice are the warehouse for the selling -of leather, the Colchester baize hall, the -meal warehouse, and the wool hall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leadenhall Market</span>, the largest market -in the city of London, and perhaps -in Europe, consists of five considerable -squares, or courts, the first of which -opens by a large Gothic gate into Leadenhall -street. This court, which is surrounded -by the buildings called Leadenhall, -is surrounded with sheds for butchers, -tanners, &c. As there is but little -meat sold here except beef, this is called -the Beef market. This square is on -Tuesday a market for leather; on Thursdays -the waggons from Colchester, and -other parts, come with baize, &c. and -the felmongers with wool; on Fridays -<span class='pageno' id='Page_300'>300</span>it is a market for raw hides, and on Saturdays -for beef.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Behind this market are two others separated -by a range of buildings of a considerable -length, with shops and rooms -on each side. In both these are principally -sold small meat, as mutton, veal, -lamb, and pork, and some of the shops -sell beef. In the easternmost of these markets -is a market house supported on pillars, -with vaults underneath, and rooms -above, with a clock and a bell tower, -and underneath are sold various sorts of -provision. Beyond these is a very spacious -market for fowl. There is another called -the Herb-market, which has an entrance -into Leadenhall street, but this does not -succeed. The passages into the above -markets from Lime street and Gracechurch -street, are filled with the dealers -in provisions of various kinds.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leadenhall</span> <i>street</i> extends from the end -of Cornhill, at the corner of Gracechurch -street, to Aldgate street within.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leather</span> <i>lane</i>, Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leatherdressers</span> <i>yard</i>, Paul’s Alley.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leatherhead</span>, or <span class='sc'>Letherhead</span>, a -small town in Surry, situated about four -miles to the S. W. of Epsom. It had formerly -a market, which has been discontinued -above an hundred years. Here is -a bridge over the river Mole, which having -<span class='pageno' id='Page_301'>301</span>sunk into the earth near Mickleham, -at the foot of Boxhill, rises again near -this town, and runs through Cobham, -to the Thames at Moulsey. ’Tis pleasantly -situated on a rising bank by the -side of the river, and in as good a situation -for riding or hunting as most within -twenty miles of London, it having a fine, -open, dry, champaign country almost all -round it.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leathersellers</span>, a company incorporated -by letters patent granted by Henry -VI. in the Year 1442. They are governed -by a Prime, and three Wardens, with -twenty-six Assistants, and an hundred and -fifty-six liverymen, who at their admission -pay a fine of 20<i>l.</i> each.</p> - -<p class='c010'>By a grant of Henry VII. the Wardens -of this corporation, or their deputies, -were impowered to have the inspection of -sheeps, lambs, and calves leather throughout -the kingdom, in order the more effectually -to prevent frauds in those commodities.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leathersellers</span> <i>hall</i> in Little St. Helen’s, -was part of the convent of nuns dedicated -to St. Helen, and considering the antiquity -of its building, has some of the -best joiners and plaisterers work in the -kingdom. The entrance into the common -hall is up a handsome flight of stone -steps from the court yard. The screen -<span class='pageno' id='Page_302'>302</span>is magnificently adorned with six columns -of the Ionic order, enrichments, &c. and -the ceiling enriched with fretwork.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>Boyle’s</i> <span class='sc'>Lecture</span>. See the article <span class='sc'>Boyle’s -Lecture</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lee’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, upon the Narrow Wall, -Lambeth, was erected by Gerard Van -Lee; and Valentine Van Lee, who was -probably his son, gave the eight poor inhabitants -of this house, the sum of 5<i>l.</i> -<i>per annum</i>, for the term of five hundred -Years. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lee’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. St. Catharine’s lane.† 2. -Hockley in the Hole.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lee’s</span> <i>street</i>, Red Lion square, Holborn.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leg</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Barnaby street.* 2. Long -Acre.* 3. Shoreditch.* 4. Tooley street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leg</span> <i>court</i>, Peter street, Westminster.*</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Leger’s</span> <i>wharf</i>, Tooley street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Legget’s</span> <i>walk</i>, Upper Ground.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leicester</span> <i>fields</i>, a very handsome square, -the inner part of which is enclosed with -iron rails, and adorned with grass plats -and gravel walks, in the center of which -is an equestrian statue of his present majesty -gilt. The buildings with which this -square is surrounded, are very good, especially -the north side, where is Leicester -house, once the seat of the Earl of Leicester, -and now inhabited by her Royal -Highness the Princess Dowager of Wales. -This is a large brick building, neat and -<span class='pageno' id='Page_303'>303</span>commodious, though not magnificent. -It has a spacious court before, and a fine -garden behind it; there is here a good -collection of pictures; and from this house -the square is denominated. Next to this -edifice is the house of Sir George Savile, -Bart. in which his Royal Highness the -Prince of Wales resides at present.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leicester</span> <i>street</i>, 1. By Leicester fields.☐ 2. -Liquorpond street. 3. Warwick street, -Haymarket.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leigh’s</span> <i>court</i>, St. Catharine’s lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leith Hill</span>, near Boxhill in Surry, admired -for affording one of the noblest -prospects in all Europe, of which Mr. -Dennis gives a lively description in his -Letters familiar, moral and critical; we -shall therefore transcribe his words. “In -a late journey,” says he, “which I took -into the Wild of Sussex, I passed over -an hill which shewed me a more transporting -sight than ever the country -had shewn me before, either in England -or Italy. The prospects which in -Italy pleased me most, were that of the -Valdarno from the Apennines; that of -Rome, and the Mediterranean from the -mountains of Viterbo; of Rome at -forty, and the Mediterranean at fifty -miles distance from it; and that of the -Campagne of Rome from Tivoli and -Frescati; from which two places you -<span class='pageno' id='Page_304'>304</span>see every foot of that famous Campagne, -even from the bottom of Tivoli and -Frescati to the very foot of the mountain -of Viterbo, without any thing to intercept -your sight. But from an hill which -I passed in my late journey into Sussex, -I had a prospect more extensive than -any of these, and which surpassed them -at once in rural charms, in pomp, and -in magnificence. The hill which I -speak of, is called Leith Hill, and is about -five miles southward from Darking, -about six from Box Hill, and near twelve -from Epsom. It juts itself out about -two miles beyond that range of hills -which terminate the north downs to the -south. When I saw from one of these -hills, at about two miles distance that -side of Leith Hill which faces the northern -downs, it appeared the beautifullest -prospect I had ever seen: but after -we had conquered the hill itself, I -saw a sight that would transport a stoic; -a sight that looked like enchantment -and vision. Beneath us lay open to our -view all the wilds of Surry and Sussex, -and a great part of that of Kent, admirably -diversified in every part of them -with woods, and fields of corn and -pastures, every where adorned with -stately rows of trees.</p> - -<p class='c010'>“This beautiful vale is about thirty -<span class='pageno' id='Page_305'>305</span>miles in breadth, and about sixty in -length, and is terminated to the south -by the majestic range of the southern -hills, and the sea: and it is no easy -matter to decide, whether these hills, -which appear at thirty, forty, fifty -miles distance, with their tops in the -sky, seem more aweful and venerable, -or the delicious vale between you and -them more inviting. About noon, in -a serene day, you may at thirty miles -distance, see the very water of the sea -through a chasm of the mountains. -And that which above all makes it a -noble and a wonderful prospect, is, -that at the same time that, at thirty -miles distance, you behold the very -water of the sea; at the same time that -you behold to the south, the most delicious -rural prospect in the world; at -that very time, by a little turn of your -head towards the north, you look full -over Box Hill, and see the country beyond -it, between that and London; -and, over the very stomacher of it, see -St. Paul’s at twenty-five miles distance, -and London beneath it, and Highgate -and Hampstead beyond it.”</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lemon</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Goodman’s fields.† 2. -Lowman’s Pond row, Southwark.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lemontree</span> <i>yard</i>, Bedfordsbury.*</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Leonard’s</span> <i>Eastcheap</i>, was dedicated to -<span class='pageno' id='Page_306'>306</span>Leonard, a French saint, and mighty -miracle-monger, and stood on the east side -of Fish street hill, near Little Eastcheap; -but being destroyed by the fire of London -in 1666, and not rebuilt, the parish is -annexed to that of St. Bennet’s Gracechurch -street. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Leonard’s</span> <i>Foster lane</i>, was dedicated -to the above-mentioned saint, and stood -on the west side of Foster lane, Cheapside; -but suffering in the fatal catastrophe -of 1666, and not being rebuilt, the parish -is annexed to that of Christ’s Church.</p> -<p class='c009'><i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Leonard’s</span> <i>Shoreditch</i>. There was a -church in this place dedicated to the same -saint in very early times, and there are -records of a dispute concerning itz in the -reign of Henry II. The last structure, which -was a very mean heavy pile, stood till the -year 1735, when the inhabitants having -the year before applied to parliament, it -was pulled down, and the present light -and elegant edifice was soon after erected -in its room. <i>Strype’s edit. of Stow.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>To this church there is an ascent by a -double flight of plain steps, which lead -to a portico of the angular kind supported -by four Doric columns, and bearing an -angular pediment. The body of the edifice -is plain, but well enlightened, and -the steeple light, elegant and lofty. The -tower at a proper height has a series of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_307'>307</span>Ionic columns, and on their entablature -are scrolls which support as many Corinthian -columns placed on pedestals, and -supporting a dome, from whose crown -rises a series of columns of the Composite -order, on whose entablature rests the spire -standing upon four balls, which give it -an additional air of lightness; and on the -top, as usual, is a ball and fane.</p> - -<p class='c010'>This church is both a rectory and a -vicarage; but the distinct rights of the -Rector and Vicar are said to be not thoroughly -ascertained; however the profits -of the vicarage amount to about 350<i>l.</i> a -year.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leopard</span> <i>alley</i>, Saffron hill.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leopard’s</span> <i>court</i>, Baldwin’s Gardens.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lester’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Bluegate fields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leveridge’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Nightingale lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lewisham</span>, a town in Kent, situated on -the river Ravensburn, between Blackheath -and Surry. Here are two free schools, of -which the Leathersellers company in London -are Governors.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lewis’s</span> <i>yard</i>, 1. Greenbank, Wapping.† -2. Saffron hill.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Leydon</span> <i>street</i>, Shadwell market.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lidier’s</span> <i>court</i>, Saltpetre bank.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lifeguard</span> <i>yard</i>, Oxford street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lilley’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Saffron hill.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lillipot</span> <i>lane</i>, Noble street, Foster lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limehouse</span>, was anciently a village above -<span class='pageno' id='Page_308'>308</span>two miles distant from the city of London, -though it is now joined by a continued -chain of buildings: its original -name was Limehurst, which has been -corrupted to Limehouse, This, according -to Mr. Stow, is a Saxon word signifying -a grove of lime trees, and it was -given to this village, on account of the -number of those trees anciently in that -neighbourhood.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limehouse</span> <i>bridge</i>, Limehouse.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limehouse</span> <i>causeway</i>, Limehouse.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limehouse</span> <i>corner</i>, Limehouse.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limehouse</span> <i>dock</i>, Narrow street, Limehouse.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limehouse</span> <i>Fore street</i>, at the end of Ratcliff -Narrow street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limehouse Hole</span>, Limehouse.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limehouse Hole</span> <i>stairs</i>, Limehouse.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limehouse Hole</span> <i>street</i>, Limehouse.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limehouse</span> <i>road</i>, White Horse street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limekiln</span> <i>dock</i>, Limehouse.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limekiln</span> <i>hill</i>, Limehouse.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limekiln</span> <i>yard</i>, Limehouse.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lime</span> <i>street</i>, extends from Leadenhall street -into Fenchurch street, and is thus called -from its being anciently a place where -lime was either made or sold. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lime Street</span> <i>square</i>, Lime street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lime Street Ward</span>, is very small, and -is bounded on the north and east by Aldgate -ward; on the south by Langbourn -ward; and on the west, by Bishopsgate -<span class='pageno' id='Page_309'>309</span>ward. It is observable that there is no -church, nor whole street in this ward, -though it runs through several parishes. -Its principal buildings are the East India -House, and Leadenhall.</p> - -<p class='c010'>To this ward belong an Alderman and -four Common Council men, including -the Deputy, four constables, two scavengers, -sixteen wardmote inquest men, and -a beadle. The jurymen returned by the -wardmote inquest serve as jurors in the -several courts in Guildhall, in the month -of November.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lime Tree</span> <i>court</i>, Narrow wall, Southwark.‡</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Limpsfield</span>, a village near Croydon in -Surry, in the Kent road.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lincoln’s Inn</span>, one of the four Inns of -Court, is situated on the west side of -Chancery lane, where formerly stood the -houses of the Bishop of Chichester and -of the Black Friars, the latter erected about -the year 1222, and the former about -1226; but both of them coming to -Henry Lacey, Earl of Lincoln, he built -in their room a stately mansion for his -city residence. It however afterwards -reverted to the bishopric of Chichester, -and was demised by Robert Sherbourn, -Bishop of that see, to Mr. William Syliard, -a student there, for a term of years; -after the expiration of which Dr. Richard -<span class='pageno' id='Page_310'>310</span>Sampson, his successor, in the year 1536 -passed the inheritance thereof to the said -Syliard and Eustace his brother; and the -latter, in 1579, in consideration of the -sum of 500<i>l.</i> conveyed the house and -gardens in fee to Richard Kingsmill and -the rest of the benchers.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The charge of admission into this house, -including fees, amount to 5<i>l.</i> and every -student, after studying there seven years, -is admitted to the bar. The members -are obliged to be a fortnight in commons -every term, on the penalty of paying 18<i>s.</i> -in case of absence. <i>Stow.</i> <i>Maitland.</i></p> - -<p class='c010'>Lincoln’s Inn principally consists of -three rows of good buildings, all taken up -by gentlemen of the society. These form -three sides of the square, and here the -buildings are all new and uniform, the north -side lying open to the gardens, which are -greatly improved with gravel walks, grass -plats, rows of trees, and a very long terrace -walk, which affords a fine prospect of -Lincoln’s Inn Fields. In the middle of -the square is a neat fluted Corinthian column -in a small bason surrounded with -iron bars. This column supports a handsome -sun dial, which has four sides, and -on the corners of the pedestal are four -naked boys spouting water out of Tritons’ -shells. This is one of the neatest squares -in town, and tho’ it is imperfect on one -<span class='pageno' id='Page_311'>311</span>side, that very defect produces a beauty -by giving a prospect of the gardens, which -are only separated from it by iron rails, -and fill the space to abundantly more advantage. -No area is kept in better order -for cleanliness and beauty by day, or illuminations -and decorum by night. The -fountain in the middle is a pretty decoration. -The print represents as much of -the square as could be taken in the visual -angle at one view, with the fountain in -the middle, as it appears coming into it -from Portugal row. This is one of the -most considerable Inns of Court possessed -by the gentlemen of the law. Here is -a good hall and chapel of Gothic architecture. -The latter was built by Inigo -Jones, who notwithstanding his skill and -reputation in architecture, could not persuade -them to have it in any other stile.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The above gardens, which are extremely -pleasant and commodious, are, -like those of Gray’s Inn, laid open for -public use; the greatest part of the west -side of the square is taken up with the -offices belonging to the stamp duty. See -<span class='sc'>Stamp Office</span>.</p> - -<p class='c010'>A little behind the north east side of the -square is the above chapel, which was built -about the year 1622 or 1623, on pillars, -with an ambulatory or walk underneath, -paved with broad stones. This walk, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_312'>312</span>particularly when illuminated by the -lamps, inspires the mind with a kind of -melancholy pleasure, that may be better -felt than described. The outside of the -chapel is a good piece of Gothic architecture, -and the windows are painted -with the figures at full length of the -principal personages mentioned in the sacred -Scriptures. On the twelve windows -on the north side, are Abraham, Moses, -Eli, David, and the prophets Daniel, -Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Amos, and -Zachariah, with John the Baptist, and -St. Paul, and on the south side are the -rest of the Apostles. Under these figures -are the arms of a great number of the -gentlemen belonging to this society. The -colours in these paintings being extremely -bright and beautiful, it is not at all surprizing -that these pictures on glass should -be much admired, though the designs are -in reality but poor, and there is little -expression in the faces.</p> - -<p class='c010'>In the old buildings fronting the garden -beyond the square, is the library, -which consists of a good collection of -books in several languages and faculties.</p> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i340.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic001'> -<p><i>S. Wale delin.</i> <i>J. Fougeron sculp.</i><br /><i>Lincoln’s Inn.</i></p> -</div> -</div> -<p class='c008'><span class='sc'>Lincoln’s Inn Fields</span>, is universally allowed -to be the largest, and one of the most -beautiful squares in London, if not in Europe. -It is encompassed on three sides by -houses, and on the east by the wall of the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_313'>313</span>terrace of Lincoln’s Inn garden. The north -side is called Newman’s row, the west side -Arch row, the south side Portugal row, -and the east side Lincoln’s Inn wall. This -square was originally laid out by the masterly -hand of Inigo Jones, and it is said -that the sides of it are the exact measure -of the great Pyramid of Egypt. It was -intended to have been built all in the -same stile; but there were not a sufficient -number of people of taste, to accomplish -so great a work. The house -which was late the Duke of Ancaster’s, is -built on this model; but elevated and -improved so as to make it more suitable -to the quality of the owner. It has that -simple grandeur which characterises all -the designs of the celebrated Inigo Jones. -The print here given of it may serve to -convey some idea not only of this particular -house, but of the noble appearance -which the whole square would have made -had it been all built after this fine design.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Some of the houses however in this -square are grand and noble, but they are -far from having that beauty which arises -from uniformity. The square is now adorned -with a fine bason in the middle, -well supplied with water; and with grass -plats and gravel walks, encompassed with -an iron pallisade fixed upon a stone plinth, -at a proper distance from the buildings.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_314'>314</span><span class='sc'>Lincoln’s Inn</span> <i>gate</i>, on the south side of -Lincoln’s Inn square.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lincoln’s Inn</span> <i>passage</i>, on the west side of -Lincoln’s Inn square.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Linton’s</span> <i>court</i>, Near New Gravel lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Linton’s</span> <i>lane</i>, Newington Butts.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Linton’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Milk yard, Shadwell.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lion and Lamb</span> <i>alley</i>, Golden lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lion’s</span> <i>court</i>, Lutener’s Lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lion’s Inn</span>, anciently a common Inn, with -the sign of the Lion, is one of the Inns -in Chancery, and is situated between Holiwell -street and Wych street. It is a -member of the Inner Temple, and is -governed by a Treasurer and twelve Ancients, -who with the other members -are to be three weeks in commons in -Michaelmas term, and a fortnight in each -of the rest. <i>Chamberlain’s Present State.</i> -<i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lion’s Inn</span> <i>court</i>, Lion’s Inn.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lion’s</span> <i>key</i>, Thames street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lion’s</span> <i>street</i>, Bloomsbury.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lion’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Whitecross street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Liquorpond</span> <i>street</i>, Leather lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lisle</span> <i>street</i>, Prince’s street, Soho.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lissham</span> <i>Green</i>, a pleasant village near -Paddington.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Litchfield</span> <i>street</i>, Soho.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Almonry</span>, by the Great Almonry, -Westminster; so named from the alms -given there. See the next article.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_315'>315</span><span class='sc'>Little Almonry</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, situated in -the Little Almonry, was founded by -Henry VII. for the accommodation of -twelve poor watermen and their wives, -who annually receive of the Dean and -Chapter of Westminster 7<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i> each -couple, with a purple gown every other -year; and for the burial of a Duke, -Marquis, or their Ladies in the Abbey, -1<i>l.</i> 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> and for that of an Earl, Baron, -or their Ladies, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little</span> <i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Andrew’s</span> <i>street</i>, Seven Dials.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little</span> <i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Ann’s</span> <i>lane</i>, 1. Old Pye street. -2. Peter street, Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Argyle</span> <i>street</i>, Argyle street, Great -Marlborough street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Arthur</span> <i>street</i>, Great Arthur street, -Goswell street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Ashentree</span> <i>court</i>, Water lane.‡</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Ayliff</span> <i>street</i>, Goodman’s Fields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Bacon</span> <i>street</i>, Brick lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Bailey</span> <i>street</i>, Little Tower hill.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Bandyleg</span> <i>walk</i>, Queen street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Bartholomew Close</span>, Little -Britain.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Bear</span> <i>key</i>, Thames street. See -<span class='sc'>Bear</span> <i>key</i>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Bell</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Coleman street.* -2. Grub street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Bennet’s</span> <i>court</i>, Marygold court.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Black Horse</span> <i>court</i>, Aldersgate -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_316'>316</span><span class='sc'>Little Booth</span> <i>street</i>, Coverley’s fields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Boss</span> <i>alley</i>, Thames street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Brick</span> <i>lane</i>, Nicol’s street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Bridges</span> <i>street</i>, Bridges street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Britain</span>, extends from Aldersgate -street to Duck lane. This was anciently -called Britain street, from the Duke of -Britany’s palace situated in it near St. Botolph’s -church.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Broad</span> <i>street</i>, Broad street, London -wall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Brook’s</span> <i>street</i>, Grosvenor square.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Bush</span> <i>lane</i>, Thames street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Bur</span> <i>street</i>, Nightingale lane, East -Smithfield.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Cable</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Cable street, Rag -Fair.† 2. Wellclose square.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Carter</span> <i>lane</i>, Old Change.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Castle</span> <i>street</i>, Winsley street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Catharine</span> <i>street</i>, In the Strand.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Chandos</span> <i>street</i>, St. Martin’s lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Chapel</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Great Wardour -street. 2. By New Chapel street, Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Cheapside</span>, Three Cranes, Thames -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Cheapside</span> <i>yard</i>, Three Crane -alley.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Cock</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Redcross street, -Cripplegate.* 2. Whitecross street, Cripplegate.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Cock</span> <i>hill</i>, Ratcliff.†</p> - -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_317'>317</span><span class='sc'>Little</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Duke’s Place, by Aldgate. -2. St. Mary Overies church yard.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Crow</span> <i>alley</i>, Whitecross street, -Cripplegate.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Crowder’s Well</span> <i>alley</i>, Jewin -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Crown</span> <i>alley</i>, Long Alley, Moorfields.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Dean’s</span> <i>court</i>, St. Martin’s le -Grand.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Dean’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Dean’s Yard, Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Dice</span> <i>key</i>, Thames street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Distaff</span> <i>lane</i>, Old Change.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Drury</span> <i>lane</i>, in the Strand.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Duke’s Place</span>, or <i>court</i>, Leadenhall -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Dunning’s</span> <i>alley</i>, near Bishopsgate -street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Earl</span> <i>street</i>, Seven Dials.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Eastcheap</span>, Gracechurch street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Elbow</span> <i>lane</i>, 1. In Great Elbow -lane, Thames street. 2. Ratcliff.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Essex</span> <i>street</i>, Essex street, in the -Strand.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Flower de Luce</span> <i>court</i>, Cowcross.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Friars</span> <i>gate</i>, Fleet street, leading -to White Friars.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Friday</span> <i>street</i>, Friday street, -Cheapside.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little George</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Great George -<span class='pageno' id='Page_318'>318</span>street, Conduit street. 2. Great George -street, Spitalfields.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Gloucester</span> <i>court</i>, Chequer alley, -Whitecross street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Gloucester</span> <i>street</i>, Whitecross -street, Cripplegate.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Gray’s Inn</span> <i>lane</i>, Gray’s Inn lane, -Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Greenwich</span>, Aldersgate street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Greenwich</span> <i>alley</i>, Aldersgate -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Grosvenor</span> <i>street</i>, Grosvenor -square.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Gun</span> <i>alley</i>, Orchard, Wapping.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Hart</span> <i>street</i>, near Covent Garden.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little</span> <i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Helen’s</span>, Bishopsgate street. -See <i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Helen’s</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little</span> <i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Helen’s</span> <i>Almshouse</i>, was erected -by the Leathersellers company, pursuant -to the will of John Hasilwood, of -Waltham, Esq; in the year 1544, for -the reception of four men and three women, -who were allowed by the founder -only 8<i>d.</i> per week each; but by other -benefactions, and the bounty of the company, -they now receive 2<i>s.</i> weekly, and -six bushels of coals at Christmas. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little</span> <i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Helen’s</span> <i>court</i>, Bishopsgate -street within.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Hermitage</span> <i>street</i>, Wapping.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Hollis’s</span> <i>street</i>, Hanover square.†</p> - -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_319'>319</span><span class='sc'>Little Howard’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Angel alley.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Jermain</span> <i>street</i>, St. James’s street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little John’s</span> <i>street</i>, Davis’s street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Island</span>, New Gravel lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Ivy</span> <i>lane</i>, Ivy lane.‡</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little King’s Head</span> <i>court</i>, near Shoe -lane, Fleet street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little King’s</span> <i>street</i>, St. James’s street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Kirby</span> <i>street</i>, Hatton garden.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Knightrider</span> <i>street</i>, Great -Knightrider street, by Addle hill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Lamb</span> <i>alley</i>, Blackman street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Last</span> <i>alley</i>, East Smithfield.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Lombard</span> <i>street</i>, Lombard street, -by the Mansion house.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Love</span> <i>lane</i>, Wood street, Cheapside.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Maddox</span> <i>street</i>, New Bond street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Marlborough</span> <i>street</i>, Carnaby -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Marsh</span> <i>yard</i>, near Wapping.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little</span> <i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Martin’s</span> <i>lane</i>, Charing Cross.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Match</span> <i>walk</i>, Upper Shadwell.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Maypole</span> <i>alley</i>, St. Margaret’s hill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Mazepond</span> <i>street</i>, in the Maze.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Minories</span>, that part of the Minories -which is railed in, and is out of the -city liberties. See the article <span class='sc'>Minories</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Minories</span> <i>court</i>, Little Minories.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Mitchell’s</span> <i>street</i>, Old street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Montague</span> <i>court</i>, Little Britain.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Montague</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Crispin -street, Spitalfields. 2. Pelham street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_320'>320</span><span class='sc'>Little Moorfields</span>, Fore street, Moorgate.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Moor</span> <i>yard</i>, St. Martin’s lane, -Charing Cross.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Mouse</span> <i>alley</i>, East Smithfield.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little New</span> <i>court</i>, Lamb alley.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Newport</span> <i>street</i>, Great Newport -lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little New</span> <i>street</i>, New street, Shoe lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little New Street</span> <i>hill</i>, near Shoe lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Nightingale</span> <i>lane</i>, Burr street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Northumberland</span> <i>alley</i>, Crutched -Friars.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Nottingham</span> <i>street</i>, Dyot street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Old Bailey</span>, Great Old Bailey.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Ormond</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Southampton -row. 2. Red Lion street, Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Ormond</span> <i>yard</i>, Ormond street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Pearl</span> <i>street</i>, Lamb street, Spitalfields.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Peter</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Little Windmill -street. 2. Tufton street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Portland</span> <i>street</i>, Portland street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Prescot</span> <i>street</i>, Goodman’s fields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Prince’s</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Near High -Holborn. 2. Old Soho.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Queen</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Dean street, -Soho. 2. High Holborn. 3. King street, -Rotherhith. 4. Queen street, Wapping. -5. Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Rider’s</span> <i>court</i>, Little Newport -street.†</p> - -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_321'>321</span><span class='sc'>Little Rider</span> <i>street</i>, St. James’s street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Rope</span> <i>walk</i>, Goswell street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Russel</span> <i>street</i>, 1. Bloomsbury. -2. Drury lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Rutland</span> <i>court</i>, Addle hill.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Sanctuary</span>, King street, Westminster.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Scotland</span> <i>yard</i>, Whitehall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Sheer</span> <i>lane</i>, Sheer lane, Temple -bar.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Smith</span> <i>street</i>, Smith street, Marsham -street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Spring</span> <i>street</i>, Spring street, Shadwell.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Star</span> <i>alley</i>, Mark lane.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Stone</span> <i>stairs</i>, Ratcliff.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Suffolk</span> <i>street</i>, Haymarket.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Swallow</span> <i>street</i>, Swallow street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Swan</span> <i>alley</i>, 1. Coleman street.* -2. Goswell street.* 3. Mount Mill.* -4. St. John’s street, West Smithfield.* -5. Three colts yard, London Wall.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Swordbearers</span> <i>alley</i>, Chiswell -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little</span> <i>St.</i> <span class='sc'>Thomas Apostle’s</span> <i>lane</i>, -Queen street, Cheapside.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Thompson’s</span> <i>rents</i>, Half Moon -alley, Coleman street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Three Tun</span> <i>alley</i>, Near Whitechapel.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Tower Hill</span>, At the bottom of -the Minories.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='pageno' id='Page_322'>322</span><span class='sc'>Little Tower</span> <i>street</i>, At the west end of -Tower street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Trinity</span> <i>lane</i>, In Trinity lane, -Bow lane.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Turnstile</span> <i>alley</i>, High Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Twyford’s</span> <i>alley</i>, St. Ermin’s hill.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Vine</span> <i>street</i>, Vine street.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Wardour</span> <i>street</i>, Tweed street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Warner</span> <i>street</i>, Cold Bath fields.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Warwick</span> <i>street</i>, Cockspur street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little White Bear</span> <i>court</i>, Black Friars.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little White Lion</span> <i>street</i>, Seven Dials.*</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Wild</span> <i>street</i>, Great Wild street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Winchester</span> <i>street</i>, London Wall.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Windmill</span> <i>street</i>, Near Cambridge -street.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little Wood</span> <i>street</i>, Cripplegate.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Little York</span> <i>street</i>, Cock lane, Shoreditch.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Littleton</span> <i>street</i>, Golden lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Litton</span> <i>street</i>, Golden lane.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lloyd’s</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Denmark street, Soho.† -2. Hog lane, St. Giles’s.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lloyd’s</span> <i>street</i>, Prince’s street, Soho.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lloyd’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Skinner’s street.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lock Hospital</span>, near Hyde Park Corner, -for the cure of the venereal disease. This -charitable foundation was established, and -is still supported by the voluntary contributions -of gentlemen, who have had the -humanity to consider, that pain and misery, -however produced, entitle frail mortals -to relief from their fellow creatures. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_323'>323</span>They therefore, in imitation of the munificence -of the Almighty, who causes his -sun to shine on the evil and the good, -afford relief equally to the innocent and -the guilty.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Patients were first received into this -hospital on the 31st of January 1747, -since which time to the 10th of March -1752, there were discharged from it -1432; besides those who received benefit -from it, by being out-patients; and the -in-patients cured from the 10th of March -1752, to the 10th of March 1753, amounted -to 308; besides twenty-one -cured as out-patients. In that year four -died, and at that last period, there were -forty patients in the house, and five out-patients.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Among the above unhappy objects were -several married women, children and infants, -many of whom were admitted by -the weekly committee, even without any -other recommendation than their distress, -they being almost naked, pennyless and -starving. The virtuous, the humane -reader will be astonished at reading, that at -the end of the above period, among the -other miserable objects who found relief, -were upwards of sixty children from two -to ten or twelve years old, who became -infected from ways little suspected by the -generality of mankind; from the absurd -<span class='pageno' id='Page_324'>324</span>opinion, imbibed by the lower class, both -males and females, that by communicating -this loathsome disease to one that is -sound, they will get rid of it themselves; -and from this principle, which is contradicted -by daily experience, the most horrid -acts of barbarity have been frequently -committed on poor little infants; and -thus these vile wretches have entailed -the most dreadful disease on these innocent -infants, without affording the least relief -to themselves. This the Governors have -thought their duty to publish, in order, -as much as possible, to root out from among -mankind an opinion at once so base, -so false, and productive of such cruelty.</p> - -<p class='c010'>From the above account of the happy -success of this charity, its great usefulness -must appear extremely obvious to every -humane well disposed person: and many -such may be induced to contribute to it, -when they are informed that any sum not -less than a guinea a year, will be acceptable.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Every gentleman subscribing 5<i>l.</i> a year, -or upwards, is a Governor of this hospital; -and whoever gives a benefaction of 50<i>l.</i> -at one time, is a Governor for life: but no -Governor above two years in arrear, can -have any power or privilege as a Governor, -till he has paid his arrears.</p> - -<p class='c010'>A committee of at least five of the Governors -<span class='pageno' id='Page_325'>325</span>meet every Saturday morning at -ten o’clock, to admit and discharge patients, -adjust the weekly accounts, receive -the reports of the visitors, and examine -the affairs of the house.</p> - -<p class='c010'>Two of the contributors are appointed -weekly by the committee to examine -every day into the behaviour of the patients -and nurses, and make their report, -as it shall appear to them, at the next -weekly board.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The orders of the house are:</p> - -<p class='c010'>I. That no patient is to be admitted -but who brings a recommendation in -writing, signed by a Governor, or one of -the weekly committee.</p> - -<p class='c010'>II. That all recommendations for the -admission of patients are received every -Saturday morning till eleven o’clock.</p> - -<p class='c010'>III. Every patient is obliged to submit -to the rules and orders of the house, or -be discharged for irregularity.</p> - -<p class='c010'>IV. No person discharged for irregularity, -can ever be received into the house -again, on any recommendation whatsoever.</p> - -<p class='c010'>V. That no Governor have more than -one patient in the house at a time; and -that a preference be always given to those -who subscribe the largest sums, so far as -the case of the patient will admit.</p> - -<p class='c010'>VI. That no nurse, or any other person -belonging to this hospital, do presume -<span class='pageno' id='Page_326'>326</span>to take any reward whatsoever from -any patient, either at their admission, -continuance in the house, or discharge out -of it, on pain of being immediately expelled, -by order of the next weekly board.</p> - -<p class='c010'>VII. That no security at the admission -of any patient be required for his burial; -but when any patient dies in the hospital, -he or she shall be buried at the expence of -the society, unless it be otherwise desired -by the friends of the deceased.</p> - -<p class='c010'>The contributors are desired to send -their subscriptions to the Treasurer at the -weekly board, held every Saturday morning -in the hospital; and in order to supply -the current expence of the charity, -the subscribers are requested to pay their -annual subscriptions in advance.</p> - -<p class='c010'>There is a poor’s box in the public hall, -for the reception of small sums, or from -such as are not willing to have their -names inserted in the list of subscribers.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lock Hospital</span>, at the south east corner -of Kent street, in Southwark, was anciently -a house for the reception and cure -of lepers: but at present it belongs to St. -Bartholomew’s hospital in this city, and -with the Lock at Kingsland, is appropriated -to the cure of venereal patients.</p> - -<p class='c010'>It is a small neat edifice, and has been -lately rebuilt. It has a row of trees before, -and a garden behind, with a wall -<span class='pageno' id='Page_327'>327</span>next the street. At the south end is the -chapel, built about an hundred and twenty -years ago.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lock Hospital</span>, at Kingsland. See -<span class='sc'>Kingsland</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lockwood’s</span> <i>yard</i>, Saffron hill.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lodise’s</span> <i>alley</i>, Saltpetre Bank.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lodise’s</span> <i>court</i>, Saltpetre Bank.†</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Logsdown</span> <i>yard</i>, Middle row, Holborn.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lollards Tower</span>, the southernmost of -two stone towers which stood at the west -of St. Paul’s cathedral before the fire of -London; which being used as the Bishop -of London’s prison for such as were found -guilty of the supposed crime of maintaining -opinions contrary to the faith of the -church of Rome, and many of the followers -of Wickliff, who were called Lollards, -being here imprisoned, it obtained -the name of the Lollards Tower. Among -these persecuted people were Mr. Richard -Hunne, a citizen of London, a person -well beloved, and of a fair character, who -in the year 1515 was imprisoned here, -under the pretence of having Wickliff’s -bible; tho’ the occasion of his ruin was -a dispute he had with a clerk about a -mortuary, which was made the cause of -the whole clergy. This man however -submitted to the Bishop’s correction, upon -which he ought to have been enjoined -penance and set at liberty; but he was -<span class='pageno' id='Page_328'>328</span>found hanging in his chamber, with his -neck broken; and the Bishop’s sumner -owned that he, with Dr. Horsey the Bishop’s -chancellor, and the bell-ringer, -had committed the murder. Upon this -the coroner’s inquest proceeded to trial; -but the Bishop began a new process against -the dead body for heresy, and his -persecutors not satisfied with having him -murdered, caused the corpse to be burnt -in Smithfield. <i>Maitland.</i></p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lollards Tower</span>, at Lambeth. See -<span class='sc'>Lambeth</span>.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lombard</span> <i>court</i>, 1. Seven Dials. 2. West -street, Soho.</p> -<p class='c009'><span class='sc'>Lombard</span> <i>street</i>, 1. On the back of Cornhill, -extends from the mansion house of -the Lord Mayor, to Gracechurch street. -Lombard street was anciently, as well as -at present, inhabited by bankers, the first -of whom were Italians chiefly from Lombardy, -whence the word Lombards became -anciently applied to all bankers, -and this street retained the name of Lombards -or Bankers street. <i>Stow.</i> 2. In -Coverley’s fields. 3. In White Friars. 4. -In the Mint, Southwark.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c033'> - <div><i>The End of the</i> <span class='sc'>Third Volume</span>.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c003' /> -</div> -<p class='c010'> </p> -<div class='tnbox'> - - <ul class='ul_1 c003'> - <li>Transcriber’s Notes: - <ul class='ul_2'> - <li>Some of the illustrations have been moved to be closer to their descriptions. - </li> - <li>The decorative line that separates chapters was missing from chapter “L”. Perhaps - because it is the only chapter, after the first, that begins at the top of a page. The - decorative line from an earlier chapter was used. - </li> - <li>There is no section for streets and buildings beginning with the letter “I”. They are - mixed in with the “J”s. - </li> - <li>Missing or obscured punctuation was silently corrected. - </li> - <li>Typographical errors were silently corrected. - </li> - <li>Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation were made consistent only when a predominant - form was found in this book. - </li> - </ul> - </li> - </ul> - -</div> -<p class='c010'> </p> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of London and Its Environs Described, -vol. 3 (of 6), by Anonymous - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LONDON AND ITS ENVIRONS, VOL 3 *** - -***** This file should be named 60016-h.htm or 60016-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/0/0/1/60016/ - -Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm -concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, -and may not be used if you charge for the eBooks, unless you receive -specific permission. If you do not charge anything for copies of this -eBook, complying with the rules is very easy. You may use this eBook -for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, -performances and research. They may be modified and printed and given -away--you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks -not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the -trademark license, especially commercial redistribution. - -START: FULL LICENSE - -THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE -PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK - -To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free -distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work -(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full -Project Gutenberg-tm License available with this file or online at -www.gutenberg.org/license. - -Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works - -1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to -and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property -(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all -the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or -destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your -possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a -Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound -by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the -person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph -1.E.8. - -1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be -used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who -agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few -things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See -paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this -agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below. - -1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the -Foundation" or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection -of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual -works in the collection are in the public domain in the United -States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the -United States and you are located in the United States, we do not -claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, -displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as -all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope -that you will support the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting -free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm -works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the -Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with the work. You can easily -comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the -same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg-tm License when -you share it without charge with others. - -1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern -what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are -in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, -check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this -agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, -distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any -other Project Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no -representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any -country outside the United States. - -1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: - -1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other -immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear -prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work -on which the phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the -phrase "Project Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, -performed, viewed, copied or distributed: - - This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and - most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no - restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it - under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this - eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the - United States, you'll have to check the laws of the country where you - are located before using this ebook. - -1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is -derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not -contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the -copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in -the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are -redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply -either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or -obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg-tm -trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted -with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution -must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any -additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms -will be linked to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works -posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the -beginning of this work. - -1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this -work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. - -1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this -electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without -prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with -active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project -Gutenberg-tm License. - -1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, -compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including -any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access -to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format -other than "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official -version posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site -(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense -to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means -of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original "Plain -Vanilla ASCII" or other form. Any alternate format must include the -full Project Gutenberg-tm License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. - -1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, -performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works -unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing -access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -provided that - -* You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from - the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method - you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed - to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he has - agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project - Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid - within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are - legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty - payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project - Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in - Section 4, "Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg - Literary Archive Foundation." - -* You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies - you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he - does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm - License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all - copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue - all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg-tm - works. - -* You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of - any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the - electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of - receipt of the work. - -* You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free - distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work or group of works on different terms than -are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing -from both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and The -Project Gutenberg Trademark LLC, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm -trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. - -1.F. - -1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable -effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread -works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project -Gutenberg-tm collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may -contain "Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate -or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other -intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or -other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or -cannot be read by your equipment. - -1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right -of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project -Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all -liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal -fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT -LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE -PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE -TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE -LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR -INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH -DAMAGE. - -1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a -defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can -receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a -written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you -received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium -with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you -with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in -lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person -or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second -opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If -the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing -without further opportunities to fix the problem. - -1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth -in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO -OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT -LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. - -1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied -warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of -damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement -violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the -agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or -limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or -unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the -remaining provisions. - -1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the -trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone -providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in -accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the -production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, -including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of -the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this -or any Project Gutenberg-tm work, (b) alteration, modification, or -additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any -Defect you cause. - -Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm - -Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of -electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of -computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It -exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations -from people in all walks of life. - -Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the -assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's -goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will -remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure -and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future -generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see -Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at -www.gutenberg.org - - - -Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation - -The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit -501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the -state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal -Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification -number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by -U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. - -The Foundation's principal office is in Fairbanks, Alaska, with the -mailing address: PO Box 750175, Fairbanks, AK 99775, but its -volunteers and employees are scattered throughout numerous -locations. Its business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt -Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to -date contact information can be found at the Foundation's web site and -official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact - -For additional contact information: - - Dr. Gregory B. Newby - Chief Executive and Director - gbnewby@pglaf.org - -Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation - -Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide -spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of -increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be -freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest -array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations -($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt -status with the IRS. - -The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating -charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United -States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a -considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up -with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations -where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND -DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular -state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate - -While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we -have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition -against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who -approach us with offers to donate. - -International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make -any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from -outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. - -Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation -methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other -ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To -donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate - -Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works. - -Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project -Gutenberg-tm concept of a library of electronic works that could be -freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and -distributed Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of -volunteer support. - -Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed -editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in -the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not -necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper -edition. - -Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search -facility: www.gutenberg.org - -This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. - - - -</pre> - - </body> - <!-- created with ppgen.py 3.57c on 2019-07-30 01:14:47 GMT --> -</html> diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/cover.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/cover.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index fda24a7..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/cover.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i010.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i010.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index bbd26ac..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i010.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i063.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i063.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 5dd7fc3..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i063.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i074.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i074.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 5e16b83..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i074.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i080.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i080.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index ba3228f..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i080.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i088.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i088.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 29cbf50..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i088.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i115.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i115.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 0137c8c..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i115.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i127.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i127.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 9afb2e8..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i127.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i131.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i131.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index b656d49..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i131.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i139.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i139.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index ac6d4aa..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i139.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i153.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i153.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 7706173..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i153.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i175.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i175.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 852f09b..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i175.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i232.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i232.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index fd4b96b..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i232.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i238a.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i238a.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 0176386..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i238a.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i238b.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i238b.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index f679ffa..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i238b.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i291.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i291.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 80d6d26..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i291.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i293.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i293.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 95804d1..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i293.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i318.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i318.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 91aeac0..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i318.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60016-h/images/i340.jpg b/old/60016-h/images/i340.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 72200ef..0000000 --- a/old/60016-h/images/i340.jpg +++ /dev/null |
