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-The Project Gutenberg eBook, Sexual Life of Primitive People, by Hans
-Fehlinger, Translated by S. Herbert and Mrs. S. Herbert
-
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions 
-whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at 
-www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-
-
-
-Title: Sexual Life of Primitive People
-
-
-Author: Hans Fehlinger
-
-
-
-Release Date: December 15, 2018  [eBook #58475]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
-
-
-***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SEXUAL LIFE OF PRIMITIVE PEOPLE***
-
-
-E-text prepared by deaurider, Martin Pettit, and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made
-available by Internet Archive (https://archive.org)
+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 58475 ***
 
 
 
@@ -262,7 +229,7 @@ primitive people."
 Naked savages are, however, not devoid of sexual modesty. It shows
 itself immediately when any remark addressed to them can be construed as
 an invitation to sexual intercourse, or when coarse jokes are made about
-sexual subjects. This is clearly shown in an account by Koch-Grünberg
+sexual subjects. This is clearly shown in an account by Koch-Grünberg
 (I., p. 307). His European companion wanted to perform a kind of stomach
 dance before some savage Indians of the Upper Rio Negro, such as is
 danced in places of ill repute in Brazilian towns. The very indecent
@@ -298,7 +265,7 @@ noticed that the people got out of the habit of going about naked at
 times. This was only because the Malays and Bahaus belonging to the
 expedition had told the Kenyas that the white people objected to the
 naked appearance of the natives (which was not correct). Nieuwenhuis
-adds: "It can thus be seen what a great _rôle_ acquired modesty plays in
+adds: "It can thus be seen what a great _rôle_ acquired modesty plays in
 the evolution of clothes." The clothing of the present-day Dyaks serves
 as a protection against the heat of the sun, and in the mountains
 against cold, and as a prevention of the darkening of the skin (which,
@@ -314,7 +281,7 @@ but it is quite usual for them to go about naked in their snow huts
 without any thought of offending against decency.
 
 Whoever lives for a time among naked savages becomes accustomed to their
-nakedness, and does not feel anything objectionable in it. Æsthetically
+nakedness, and does not feel anything objectionable in it. Æsthetically
 there is this disadvantage, that the sick and the aged look very
 repulsive in their decline; but then again youth and strength show off
 to great advantage in nakedness.
@@ -331,7 +298,7 @@ strip of hard bark about 4 millimetres wide. Two narrow cords coming
 from the two upper ends pass along the groins, and meet the narrow
 perineal strip coming from the lower end of the triangle. These _uluri_
 only just cover the beginning of the pubic cleft, pressing tightly on
-it. The triangle does not reach the introitus vaginæ, which is, however,
+it. The triangle does not reach the introitus vaginæ, which is, however,
 closed, or at least kept inwards, by the pressure exerted by the
 tightened strip of bast running from front to back. Similar binders are
 used by the Indian women of Central Brazil. The binder used by the
@@ -415,7 +382,7 @@ whether the need for protection was always the only reason for the
 wearing of sheaths, binders, etc., for at least among some of the people
 it is connected with some ceremonial which implies its sexual
 significance. In the case of women, another factor may have played a
-_rôle_, viz., the fact that menstruation is considered an illness, as
+_rôle_, viz., the fact that menstruation is considered an illness, as
 may be seen in the widespread custom of treating girls medically during
 menstruation. The binder may have been intended to counteract the loss
 of blood. The stretching of the foreskin which results from the use of
@@ -447,14 +414,14 @@ according to the conditions of their lives; but almost everywhere
 dangerous things are classed under this category, to which belong,
 according to the notion of primitive people, the discharges from the
 sexual and digestive organs. It thus comes about that primitive man is
-ashamed of urinating and defæcating even before persons of his own sex.
+ashamed of urinating and defæcating even before persons of his own sex.
 Even the lowest savage will seek out a very secluded spot for the
-fulfilment of these functions. Thus Koch-Grünberg, for instance, says:
+fulfilment of these functions. Thus Koch-Grünberg, for instance, says:
 "The Indian goes deep into the wood for a certain business, comparing
 favourably in this respect with our own peasants." Friederici writes of
 the Melanesians that they are not at all ashamed to show the sexual
 parts, but are extremely shy of exposing the anus, and will always avoid
-letting themselves be seen during defæcation. In the central districts
+letting themselves be seen during defæcation. In the central districts
 the people betake themselves for this purpose early in the morning to
 some outlying place, while those living near the sea go to the beach,
 each person keeping as far away as possible from his neighbour. The
@@ -707,7 +674,7 @@ Australia. Codrington (p. 22) has established the fact that in the
 Solomon Islands and in other parts of Melanesia a woman of an exogamic
 group who is not yet married to one particular man may legitimately have
 sexual intercourse with all men of another exogamic group who are her
-potential husbands. The exogamic groups play a far more important _rôle_
+potential husbands. The exogamic groups play a far more important _rôle_
 than individual marriage. In the Fijian Islands every man has the right
 to sexual intercourse with his wife's sisters. On special ceremonial
 occasions intercourse is permitted between those groups of men and women
@@ -819,11 +786,11 @@ probably never accepted into the family; their passionate temperament
 was against it (Theal).
 
 
-About the Indians of North-west Brazil Koch-Grünberg relates: "Whilst
+About the Indians of North-west Brazil Koch-Grünberg relates: "Whilst
 young girls enjoy the greatest liberty, their purity not being
 necessarily above suspicion, marriage itself is generally on a higher
 plane; a married couple are rarely unfaithful to each other."
-Koch-Grünberg has never noticed even the semblance of indecent behaviour
+Koch-Grünberg has never noticed even the semblance of indecent behaviour
 between married people, nor under normal circumstances any serious
 quarrels or ugly scenes. The same or similar conditions prevail nearly
 all over South America where European influence is not yet predominant.
@@ -1096,7 +1063,7 @@ said that slaves and stolen strange children are given as payment for
 the bride. It is doubtful, however, according to W. A. Reed, whether
 this still occurs. In many parts of the country the settlement of the
 price is followed by feasting and dancing, at which pretended capture of
-the bride plays a great _rôle_.
+the bride plays a great _rôle_.
 
 Among the Hamites of East Africa the custom exists of assigning girls
 still far from mature as wives to certain adult men. If, _e.g._, a Masai
@@ -1170,7 +1137,7 @@ girls in particular, just as with us, are greatly dependent upon the
 will of their parents. The girls marry sometimes at a very early age,
 but marriage before maturity seems non-existent.
 
-Koch-Grünberg (I., pp. 181, 182) says of the Siusis that the choice of
+Koch-Grünberg (I., pp. 181, 182) says of the Siusis that the choice of
 partners is not always the affair of those directly concerned. Often the
 parents, or the father alone, choose the husband for the daughter. The
 parents have no such strong influence on the son's choice. The wedding
@@ -1190,7 +1157,7 @@ daughter to his son-in-law, whereupon the couple go off, the father
 breaking out into a ceremonial lament. Amongst some races capture of
 women is said to be still customary. In any case the wife has to be from
 another tribe. Evidence of woman capture is still to be found in the
-tradition of the tribe (Koch-Grünberg, II., pp. 144, 145).
+tradition of the tribe (Koch-Grünberg, II., pp. 144, 145).
 
 The Bakairis have no wedding celebrations. The marriage is discussed by
 the parents. If they come to an agreement, the bride's father receives
@@ -1375,7 +1342,7 @@ rightly concludes: "Sexual communities can be proved to exist here and
 there among primitive peoples, but the nomenclature of the
 classificatory relationships has not grown out of such group
 relationships. These so-called group marriages are rather adventitious
-growths, playing only a secondary _rôle_ in the history of the family."
+growths, playing only a secondary _rôle_ in the history of the family."
 
 Buschan (1912, p. 254) looks upon the pre-marital sexual freedom of
 girls among many primitive peoples (most probably among the majority of
@@ -1422,7 +1389,7 @@ cannot be good for the ultimate victory of truth. Facts should not be
 passed over, but should be taken into full consideration. In this
 conflict of opinions the institution of _pirauru_ especially has fared
 particularly badly. Some anthropologists wanted to do away with it
-altogether at any price (for instance, Josef Müller); others drew
+altogether at any price (for instance, Josef Müller); others drew
 conclusions from it that are utterly unjustified. But even if this were
 not so, even if the _pirauru_ could be used as a proof of previous
 sexual promiscuity, it still does not follow that it was a general
@@ -1837,7 +1804,7 @@ attraction between brother and sister who have grown up together is a
 natural thing, it is strange that cohabitation between them should have
 to be specially prohibited and enforced by strict measures among
 primitive peoples. The explanation, according to Crawley, is simple. "In
-many departments of primitive life we find a naïve desire to, as it
+many departments of primitive life we find a naïve desire to, as it
 were, assist Nature, to affirm what is normal and later to confirm it by
 the categorical imperative of custom and law. This tendency still
 flourishes in our civilised communities, and, as the worship of the
@@ -1955,7 +1922,7 @@ Sometimes means are used for furthering the birth that are not only
 inefficacious, but actually injurious. Often, however, delivery is
 actually furthered by the assistance given. Internal manipulation is
 seldom resorted to, and operations are still more rare. R. W. Felkin's
-report about the operation of Cæsarian section among the negroes in
+report about the operation of Cæsarian section among the negroes in
 Uganda seems to be unique. Ploss and Bartels have compiled a great deal
 of information about childbirth among primitive people. We add here some
 examples from the later literature.
@@ -1969,7 +1936,7 @@ particularly when the father of the expected child jilts the mother.
 Still pre-marital births are not always considered a disgrace among
 primitive people. The abortives resorted to are generally inefficacious,
 though some native peoples have discovered really effective remedies.
-Külz (p. 18) says quite rightly, "It is to be assumed that woman
+Külz (p. 18) says quite rightly, "It is to be assumed that woman
 everywhere, even in a low state of civilisation, has her attention
 directed to the occurrence of involuntary premature birth by often
 recurring effective causes. Such external causes are not very remote
@@ -2006,7 +1973,7 @@ writes (p. 41): "The native tribes of Assam and Burma have no special
 midwives. Every old woman may perform the duties of a midwife, and she
 does it without payment. There is no information about the treatment of
 the woman during parturition. The navel cord is generally cut off with a
-bamboo knife. The Katshári do not perform this with one cut, but make
+bamboo knife. The Katshári do not perform this with one cut, but make
 five cuts in the case of a boy and seven for a girl. The mother is
 considered unclean for several weeks after her confinement. This is also
 the case among many races of Southern and Eastern Asia, and in other
@@ -2020,7 +1987,7 @@ After the birth certain superstitious ceremonies, according to old
 customs, are performed, such as driving away the devil, etc. Among many
 tribes twins are held to be a misfortune, and the second child is
 therefore killed. This also occurs frequently in other places (W.
-Müller, p. 230).
+Müller, p. 230).
 
 Among the Igorots of Bontoc (Philippines) the woman works in the field
 almost to the hour of her confinement. There are no festivities or
@@ -2272,7 +2239,7 @@ spot. After the birth the mother and the child remain strictly secluded
 for five days. The husband remains in the house during the lying-in
 period, but there is no real _couvade_ (the male lying-in custom).
 
-The women of the Kobéua Indians give birth in the common family house,
+The women of the Kobéua Indians give birth in the common family house,
 or in an outlying hut, or even in the wood, with the assistance of all
 married women, who first paint their faces red for the festive occasion.
 The navel cord is cut off by the husband's mother with a blade of
@@ -2280,7 +2247,7 @@ scleria grass, and is immediately buried, together with the
 after-birth. Of twins the second born is killed, or the female if they
 are of different sexes. After the birth, the witch doctor performs
 exorcism. The parents keep up a five days' lying-in, and eight days
-after the birth a drinking feast is held (Koch-Grünberg, I., p. 182;
+after the birth a drinking feast is held (Koch-Grünberg, I., p. 182;
 II., p. 146).
 
 Among the Bakairi of Brazil, according to Karl von den Steinen (p. 334),
@@ -2395,7 +2362,7 @@ invisible. Only specially gifted people, particularly witch doctors, can
 see _arumburinga;_ they can even speak with them. Among other Australian
 tribes which believe in rebirth, no belief in spirits like the
 _arumburinga_ has been traced (compare B. Ankermann, "Totenkult und
-Seelenglauben bei Afrikanischen Völkern," _Zeitschrift für Ethnologie,_
+Seelenglauben bei Afrikanischen Völkern," _Zeitschrift für Ethnologie,_
 Jahrgang 50, pp. 89 _et seq._).
 
 There is, however, general agreement in the belief that the ancestral
@@ -2477,7 +2444,7 @@ land, to enter into the mother. Various objects were thought to carry
 the foetal germs, especially shuttlecocks and green jewels. For this
 reason these were placed on the mat for the Mexican bridal pair after
 the marriage ceremony. The rattle club is perhaps also considered as the
-bearer of fertility. In India various trees play a _rôle_ in
+bearer of fertility. In India various trees play a _rôle_ in
 fertilisation ideas.
 
 Noteworthy is the belief found in various places that only the
@@ -2644,7 +2611,7 @@ the Loyalty Islands), and also in Fiji.
 While with the Empress Augusta River expedition in New Guinea, A.
 Roesike found the foreskin cut among a number of men. It was not a
 circumcision, nor an incision of the foreskin, but a deep cut into the
-glans about 1 to 1½ centimetres long, sometimes a single one, sometimes
+glans about 1 to 1½ centimetres long, sometimes a single one, sometimes
 a double one crosswise.
 
 Among some tribes of Indonesia a mutilation is customary, which is most
@@ -2893,7 +2860,7 @@ glans of the circumcised is much less sensitive than that of the
 uncircumcised. Many authors are of the opinion that the abscission or
 incision of the foreskin in boys has the purpose of making cohabitation
 easier in later years, as this is often made difficult by phimosis
-(tightness of the foreskin). Külz (p. 40) found that among the youthful
+(tightness of the foreskin). Külz (p. 40) found that among the youthful
 plantation workers in New Mecklenburg nearly a quarter were afflicted
 with phimosis, and often to such a degree that normal sex functioning
 was quite impossible. But such a condition does not seem to prevail
@@ -3030,10 +2997,10 @@ German South-west Africa: "In one family five out of six daughters
 menstruated for the first time at the age of fifteen, one at the age of
 sixteen. One Bastard woman had first menstruated at the age of
 seventeen, three of her daughters at thirteen, the fourth, who was
-anæmic, at seventeen. Another Bastard woman, who herself had her first
+anæmic, at seventeen. Another Bastard woman, who herself had her first
 menstruation at fifteen, had two daughters from a white man who had
 reached puberty at sixteen and seventeen years of age. A girl with
-distinct anæmia stated that she had had her first period at sixteen
+distinct anæmia stated that she had had her first period at sixteen
 years, her sister even as late as eighteen," Fischer knows of three
 girls that became mature at sixteen, fourteen, and thirteen years. L.
 Schultze reports that with the Hottentots the first menstruation
@@ -3115,7 +3082,7 @@ frequently covered with a disgusting accumulation of fat, and the
 elasticity of movement gives way to indolence. Other women become very
 thin after several confinements, their features become sharp and bony,
 and among old women one often comes across real hag-like creatures with
-half-blind, running eyes (Koch-Grünberg, II., p. 149).
+half-blind, running eyes (Koch-Grünberg, II., p. 149).
 
 In India the women of the Dravidian as well as of the Mongolian races
 age rapidly. Their generative power rarely lasts longer than the
@@ -3148,9 +3115,9 @@ IX
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 
 
-AMUNDSEN, R. Die Nordwestpassage. München, 1908.
+AMUNDSEN, R. Die Nordwestpassage. München, 1908.
 
-BAELZ, E. Die körperlichen Eigenschaften der Japaner. Bd. 2.
+BAELZ, E. Die körperlichen Eigenschaften der Japaner. Bd. 2.
 
 BAELZ, E. Das Wachstum der Geschlechter. Verhandl. d. Berliner Ges. f.
 Anthropologie, 1901, S. 211.
@@ -3158,7 +3125,7 @@ Anthropologie, 1901, S. 211.
 BAGGE, S. The Circumcision Ceremony among the Naivasha Masai. Journal
 Anthropol. Inst., Vol. 34, pp. 167-169.
 
-BARTELS, M. Die Medizin der Naturvölker. Leipzig, 1893.
+BARTELS, M. Die Medizin der Naturvölker. Leipzig, 1893.
 
 BLUMENTRITT, FERD. Versuch einer Ethnographie der Philippinen. Gotha,
 1882.
@@ -3169,13 +3136,13 @@ American Museum of Natural History).
 BOWDITCH, H. P. The Growth of Children. Eighth Annual Report of the
 State Board of Health, State of Massachusetts. Boston, 1877.
 
-BRINCKER, H. P. Charakter, Sitten und Gebräuche speziell der Bantu
-Deutsch-Südwestafrikas. Mitt. d. Sem. f. Orient. Sprachen, III.3.
+BRINCKER, H. P. Charakter, Sitten und Gebräuche speziell der Bantu
+Deutsch-Südwestafrikas. Mitt. d. Sem. f. Orient. Sprachen, III.3.
 
-BUSCHAN, GEORG. Das Sexuelle in der Völkerkunde. Handbuch der
+BUSCHAN, GEORG. Das Sexuelle in der Völkerkunde. Handbuch der
 Sexualwissenschaften. Leipzig, 1912.
 
-BUSCHAN, GEORG. Die Sitten der Völker. Stuttgart, 1914-1915.
+BUSCHAN, GEORG. Die Sitten der Völker. Stuttgart, 1914-1915.
 
 CODRINGTON, R. H. The Melanesians. Oxford, 1891.
 
@@ -3189,20 +3156,20 @@ DEEGENER, P. Die Formen der Vergesellschaftung im Tierreich. Leipzig,
 
 ELLIS, H. The Evolution of Modesty, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, 1913.
 
-ENDLE, S. The Kacháris. London, 1911.
+ENDLE, S. The Kacháris. London, 1911.
 
-EYLMANN, E. Die Eingeborenen der Kolonie Südaustralien. Berlin, 1908.
+EYLMANN, E. Die Eingeborenen der Kolonie Südaustralien. Berlin, 1908.
 
 FISCHER, EUGEN. Die Rehobother Bastards. Jena, 1913.
 
 FRAZER, J. G. Totemism and Exogamy. London, 1913.
 
-FRIEDERICI, GEORG. Beiträge zur Völker- und Sprachenkunde von
+FRIEDERICI, GEORG. Beiträge zur Völker- und Sprachenkunde von
 Deutsch-Neuguinea. Berlin, 1912. Mitt. a. d. Deutschen Schutzgeb.,
-Ergänzungsheft 5.
+Ergänzungsheft 5.
 
-FROBENIUS, LEO. Und Afrika sprach! Vol. 3: Unter den unsträflichen
-Äthiopen. Charlottenburg, 1913.
+FROBENIUS, LEO. Und Afrika sprach! Vol. 3: Unter den unsträflichen
+Äthiopen. Charlottenburg, 1913.
 
 GAIT, E. A. Census of India, Vol. 1, Part 1. Calcutta, 1913.
 
@@ -3237,29 +3204,29 @@ JENKS, A. E. The Bontoc Igorot. Manila, 1905.
 JOCHELSON, W. The Koryak. Leiden and New York, 1908 (Memoirs of the
 American Museum of Natural History).
 
-KISSENBERTH, W. Araguayareise. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1912.
+KISSENBERTH, W. Araguayareise. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1912.
 
 KLEIWEG DE ZWAAN, J. P. Heilkunde der Minangkabauer. In: Maass, Durch
 Zentralsumatra, Vol. 2, Berlin, 1912.
 
-KNOCHE, W. Beobachtungen über Geschlechtsleben und Niederkunft auf der
-Osterinsel. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1912.
+KNOCHE, W. Beobachtungen über Geschlechtsleben und Niederkunft auf der
+Osterinsel. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1912.
 
-KNOCHE, W. Einige Bemerkungen über die Uti-Krag. Ebenda, 1913.
+KNOCHE, W. Einige Bemerkungen über die Uti-Krag. Ebenda, 1913.
 
-KOCH-GRÜNBERG, THEODOR. Zwei Jahre unter den Indianern. Berlin, 1910.
+KOCH-GRÃœNBERG, THEODOR. Zwei Jahre unter den Indianern. Berlin, 1910.
 
-KÜLZ, L. Biologie und Pathologie des Nachwuchses bei den Naturvölkern
-der deutschen Schutzgebiete. Leipzig, 1919 (Beiheft zum Archiv für
+KÜLZ, L. Biologie und Pathologie des Nachwuchses bei den Naturvölkern
+der deutschen Schutzgebiete. Leipzig, 1919 (Beiheft zum Archiv für
 Schiffs- u. Tropenhygiene).
 
-KUNIKE, HUGO. Das sogenannte Männerkindbett. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie,
+KUNIKE, HUGO. Das sogenannte Männerkindbett. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie,
 1911.
 
 LANG, A. Australian Problems. Essays presented to E. B. Tylor. Oxford,
 1907.
 
-MARTIN, RUDOLF. Die Inlandstämme der malayischen Halbinsel. Jena, 1905.
+MARTIN, RUDOLF. Die Inlandstämme der malayischen Halbinsel. Jena, 1905.
 
 MARTIN, RUDOLF. Lehrbuch der Anthropologie. Jena, 1914.
 
@@ -3267,14 +3234,14 @@ MCLENNAN, J. F. Studies in Ancient History. London, 1886.
 
 MERKER, M. Die Masai. Berlin, 1905.
 
-MEYER, A. B. Über die Perforation des Penis bei den Malayen. Mitt. der
+MEYER, A. B. Ãœber die Perforation des Penis bei den Malayen. Mitt. der
 Anthrop. Gesellschaft Wien, Bd. 7, 1878.
 
 MORGAN, L. H. Die Urgesellschaft. Stuttgart, 1891.
 
-MÜLLER, JOSEF. Das sexuelle Leben der Naturvölker. Leipzig, 1906.
+MÜLLER, JOSEF. Das sexuelle Leben der Naturvölker. Leipzig, 1906.
 
-MÜLLER, W. Die Wildenstämme der Insel Formosa. Zeitschrift für
+MÜLLER, W. Die Wildenstämme der Insel Formosa. Zeitschrift für
 Ethnologie, 1910.
 
 NANSEN, F. Eskimoleben. Berlin, 1903.
@@ -3283,7 +3250,7 @@ NEUHAUSS, R. Deutsch-Neuguinea, Bd. 1. Berlin, 1911.
 
 NIEUWENHUIS, A. W. Quer durch Borneo. Leiden, 1904.
 
-PAULITSCHKE, PHILIPP. Beiträge zur Ethnographie und Anthropologie der
+PAULITSCHKE, PHILIPP. Beiträge zur Ethnographie und Anthropologie der
 Somal usw. Leipzig, 1886.
 
 PEAL, E. S. On the Morong. Journal of the Anthropological Institute,
@@ -3291,21 +3258,21 @@ Vol. 22.
 
 PLAYFAIR, A. The Garos. London, 1909.
 
-PLOSS, H., und BARTELS, M. Das Weib in der Natur- und Völkerkunde, 9.
+PLOSS, H., und BARTELS, M. Das Weib in der Natur- und Völkerkunde, 9.
 Aufl. Leipzig, 1908.
 
 PORTMAN and MOLESWORTH. Record of the Andamanese, 1893-1898. MS. in
 British Museum.
 
-RECHE, OTTO. Untersuchungen über das Wachstum und die Geschlechtsreife
+RECHE, OTTO. Untersuchungen über das Wachstum und die Geschlechtsreife
 bei melanesischen Kindern. Korrespondenzbl. d. D. Ges. f. Anthropol.,
 41. Jahrg., Nr. 7.
 
 REED, W. The Negrito of Zambales. Manila, 1904.
 
 REITZENSTEIN, FERDINAND VON. Der Kausalzusammenhang zwischen
-Geschlechtsverkehr und Empfängnis in Glaube und Branch der Natur- und
-Kulturvölker. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 41. Jahrg., 1909, S. 644-683.
+Geschlechtsverkehr und Empfängnis in Glaube und Branch der Natur- und
+Kulturvölker. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 41. Jahrg., 1909, S. 644-683.
 
 RIVERS, W. H. R. The Toda. London, 1906.
 
@@ -3313,7 +3280,7 @@ RIVERS, W. H. R. On the Origin of the Classificatory System of
 Relationship. Essays presented to E. B. Tylor. Oxford, 1907.
 
 ROESIKE, A. Ethnographische Ergebnisse der Kaiserin.
-Augusta-Fluß-Expedition. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1914.
+Augusta-Fluß-Expedition. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1914.
 
 ROSCOE, JOHN. The Baganda. London, 1911.
 
@@ -3323,12 +3290,12 @@ ROSCOE, JOHN. The Bahima. Journal of the Anthropological Institute, Vol.
 SARASIN, PAUL und FRITZ. Ergebnisse naturwissenschaftlicher
 Forschungsreisen auf Ceylon, Bd. 3. Wiesbaden, 1892-1893.
 
-SCHMIDT, WILHELM. Kulturkreise und Kulturschichten in Südamerika.
-Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1913.
+SCHMIDT, WILHELM. Kulturkreise und Kulturschichten in Südamerika.
+Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1913.
 
 SCHULTZE, L. Aus Namaland und Kalahari. Jena, 1907.
 
-SCHURTZ, HEINRICH. Altersklassen und Männerbünde. Berlin, 1902.
+SCHURTZ, HEINRICH. Altersklassen und Männerbünde. Berlin, 1902.
 
 SCHWEINFURTH, GEORG. Im Herzen von Afrika. 3rd ed. Leipzig, 1908.
 
@@ -3343,7 +3310,7 @@ London, 1899.
 SPENCER, BALDWIN, and GILLEN, F. The Northern Tribes of Central
 Australia. London, 1904.
 
-STEINEN, KARL V. D. Unter den Naturvölkern Zentralbrasiliens. Berlin,
+STEINEN, KARL V. D. Unter den Naturvölkern Zentralbrasiliens. Berlin,
 1894.
 
 THEAL, G. M. The Yellow and Dark-skinned People of Africa South of the
@@ -3356,11 +3323,11 @@ THURNWALD, R. Ethno-psychologische Studien. Leipzig, 1913.
 WESTERMARCK, E. History of Human Marriage. London, 1891.
 
 WEULE, KARL. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse meiner ethnogr.
-Forschungsreise in den Südosten Deutsch-Ostafrikas. Berlin, 1908. Mitt.
+Forschungsreise in den Südosten Deutsch-Ostafrikas. Berlin, 1908. Mitt.
 a. d. D. Schutzgeb., Erg.-Heft 1.
 
 WILKEN, G. A. Handleiding voor de vergelijkende Volkenkunde van
-Nederl.-Indië. Leiden, 1893.
+Nederl.-Indië. Leiden, 1893.
 
 WILLIAMSON, ROBERT W. The Mafulu. London, 1912.
 
@@ -3511,365 +3478,4 @@ A. & C. BLACK, LTD., 4, 5 & 6 SOHO SQUARE, LONDON, W. 1
 
 
 
-***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SEXUAL LIFE OF PRIMITIVE PEOPLE***
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+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 58475 ***
diff --git a/58475-h/58475-h.htm b/58475-h/58475-h.htm
index 0b76912..328bacd 100644
--- a/58475-h/58475-h.htm
+++ b/58475-h/58475-h.htm
@@ -79,29 +79,10 @@
     </style>
 </head>
 <body>
+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 58475 ***</div>
 <h1>The Project Gutenberg eBook, Sexual Life of Primitive People, by Hans
 Fehlinger, Translated by S. Herbert and Mrs. S. Herbert</h1>
-<p>This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States
-and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
-restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
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-country where you are located before using this ebook.</p>
-<p>Title: Sexual Life of Primitive People</p>
-<p>Author: Hans Fehlinger</p>
-<p>Release Date: December 15, 2018  [eBook #58475]</p>
-<p>Language: English</p>
-<p>Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1</p>
-<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SEXUAL LIFE OF PRIMITIVE PEOPLE***</p>
 <p>&nbsp;</p>
-<h4>E-text prepared by deaurider, Martin Pettit,<br />
-    and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team<br />
-    (<a href="http://www.pgdp.net">http://www.pgdp.net</a>)<br />
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-    Internet Archive<br />
-    (<a href="https://archive.org">https://archive.org</a>)</h4>
 <p>&nbsp;</p>
 <table border="0" style="background-color: #ccccff;margin: 0 auto;" cellpadding="10">
   <tr>
@@ -3389,368 +3370,9 @@ Nederl.-Indi&euml;. Leiden, 1893.</p>
 <p>&nbsp;</p>
 <p>&nbsp;</p>
 <hr class="full" />
-<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SEXUAL LIFE OF PRIMITIVE PEOPLE***</p>
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