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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 58083 ***
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ THE
+ CHRONICLES
+ OF
+ ENGUERRAND DE MONSTRELET.
+
+
+
+
+_H. Bryer, Printer, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, London._
+
+
+
+
+ THE
+
+ CHRONICLES
+
+ OF
+
+ ENGUERRAND DE MONSTRELET;
+
+
+ CONTAINING
+
+ AN ACCOUNT OF THE CRUEL CIVIL WARS BETWEEN THE HOUSES OF
+
+ ORLEANS AND BURGUNDY;
+
+
+ OF THE POSSESSION OF
+
+ PARIS AND NORMANDY BY THE ENGLISH;
+
+
+ _THEIR EXPULSION THENCE_;
+
+
+ AND OF OTHER
+
+ MEMORABLE EVENTS THAT HAPPENED IN THE KINGDOM OF FRANCE,
+
+ AS WELL AS IN OTHER COUNTRIES.
+
+
+ _A HISTORY OF FAIR EXAMPLE, AND OF GREAT PROFIT TO THE
+ FRENCH_,
+
+
+ _Beginning at the Year_ MCCCC. _where that of Sir JOHN FROISSART
+ finishes, and ending at the Year_ MCCCCLXVII. _and continued by
+ others to the Year_ MDXVI.
+
+
+ TRANSLATED
+
+ BY THOMAS JOHNES, ESQ.
+
+
+ IN THIRTEEN VOLUMES ... VOL. VII.
+
+
+ LONDON:
+
+ PRINTED FOR LONGMAN, HURST, REES, ORME, AND BROWN, PATERNOSTER-ROW;
+ AND J. WHITE AND CO. FLEET-STREET.
+
+ 1810.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+OF
+
+_THE SEVENTH VOLUME_.
+
+
+ PAGE
+
+ CHAP. I.
+
+ Some captains attached to sir John de Luxembourg
+ surprise the castle of St Martin,
+ wherein they are all taken and slain 1
+
+
+ CHAP. II.
+
+ Poton de Saintrailles and sir Louis de Vaucourt
+ are made prisoners by the English 4
+
+
+ CHAP. III.
+
+ Maillotin de Bours and sir Hector de Flavy
+ fight together in the town of Arras 5
+
+
+ CHAP. IV.
+
+ Some of king Charles's captains make an
+ attempt on Corbie 12
+
+
+ CHAP. V.
+
+ The lord de Barbasan lays siege to the castle
+ of Anglure, held by the Burgundians 13
+
+
+ CHAP. VI.
+
+ The maid of Orleans is condemned to be
+ put to death and burnt at Rouen 15
+
+
+ CHAP. VII.
+
+ The general council is continued at Basil, by
+ the solicitations of the emperor 22
+
+
+ CHAP. VIII.
+
+ The duke of Bar enters the county of Vaudemont
+ to conquer it by force 29
+
+
+ CHAP. IX.
+
+ The duke of Bar is combated by the count
+ de Vaudemont and defeated 35
+
+
+ CHAP. X.
+
+ The young king Henry comes from England,
+ with a grand attendance, to Paris,
+ to be crowned king of France 44
+
+
+ CHAP. XI.
+
+ The detachment the duke of Bar had left to
+ blockade Vaudemont march away on
+ hearing of the ill success of the battle 51
+
+
+ CHAP. XII.
+
+ Sir John de Luxembourg assembles men at
+ arms and marches into Champagne against
+ the French, from whom he conquers several
+ castles. Other matters 53
+
+
+ CHAP. XIII.
+
+ The duke d'Alençon makes the chancellor
+ of Brittany prisoner 57
+
+
+ CHAP. XIV.
+
+ The French are near taking the castle of
+ Rouen 59
+
+
+ CHAP. XV.
+
+ The French take the castle of Dommart in
+ Ponthieu, and carry off the lord de Dommart
+ prisoner 64
+
+
+ CHAP. XVI.
+
+ Sir Thomas Kiriel, an Englishman, is appointed
+ governor of the castle of Clermont in
+ the Beauvoisis 66
+
+
+ CHAP. XVII.
+
+ The inhabitants of Chauny-sur-Oise destroy
+ the castle of their town 68
+
+
+ CHAP. XVIII.
+
+ The city of Chartres is conquered by king
+ Charles's party 70
+
+
+ CHAP. XIX.
+
+ The cardinal of Santa Croce is sent by the
+ pope to France, to endeavour to make
+ peace between the contending parties 76
+
+
+ CHAP. XX.
+
+ The English conquer the bulwark at Lagny-sur-Marne 78
+
+
+ CHAP. XXI.
+
+ Philibert de Vaudray, governor of Tonnerre,
+ and the lord d'Amont wait on the duke
+ of Bedford to serve him 81
+
+
+ CHAP. XXII.
+
+ The duke of Bedford marches a large force
+ to Lagny-sur-Marne, to support the English
+ and Burgundians who had remained
+ there, but retires without making any
+ conquest 83
+
+
+ CHAP. XXIII.
+
+ The commonalty of Ghent rise against their
+ magistrates 89
+
+
+ CHAP. XXIV.
+
+ Sir John bastard of St Pol and the lord de
+ Humieres are taken prisoners by the
+ French 91
+
+
+ CHAP. XXV.
+
+ Great disorders are committed by the
+ French in the Amiennois, Santerre and
+ Vimeu 92
+
+
+ CHAP. XXVI.
+
+ The heir of Commercy takes the town of
+ Ligny in the Barrois, belonging to sir
+ John de Luxembourg 94
+
+
+ CHAP. XXVII.
+
+ The Burgundians, under pretence of being
+ English, gain the castle of La Boue, near
+ to Laon. Other matters 96
+
+
+ CHAP. XXVIII.
+
+ Friar Thomas goes to Rome.--He is burnt
+ there 98
+
+
+ CHAP. XXIX.
+
+ The death of the duchess of Bedford 100
+
+
+ CHAP. XXX.
+
+ Some of the French captains cross the river
+ Somme and overrun Artois 101
+
+
+ CHAP. XXXI.
+
+ A benedictine monk attempts to gain the
+ castle of St Angelo at Rome 102
+
+
+ CHAP. XXXII.
+
+ A peace is concluded between the duke of
+ Bar and the count de Vaudemont 105
+
+
+ CHAP. XXXIII.
+
+ The duchess of Burgundy is brought to bed
+ of a son in the town of Ghent 106
+
+
+ CHAP. XXXIV.
+
+ A peace concluded between the duke of
+ Bar and the counts de St Pol and de
+ Ligny 107
+
+
+ CHAP. XXXV.
+
+ A war takes place between sir John and sir
+ Anthony du Vergy and the lord de Chasteau-Vilain 109
+
+
+ CHAP. XXXVI.
+
+ A treaty of peace is concluded between the
+ duke of Burgundy and the Liegeois 112
+
+
+ CHAP. XXXVII.
+
+ The duke of Bedford, who styled himself
+ regent of France, marries the daughter of
+ the count de St Pol 113
+
+
+ CHAP. XXXVIII.
+
+ The town of St Valery, in Ponthieu, is won
+ by the French 115
+
+
+ CHAP. XXXIX.
+
+ The dukes of Bedford and of Burgundy go
+ to Saint Omer 116
+
+
+ CHAP. XL.
+
+ The death of John de Toisy bishop of Tournay.
+ Great dissentions respecting the
+ promotion to the vacant bishoprick 118
+
+
+ CHAP. XLI.
+
+ The French make many conquests on the
+ confines of Burgundy 123
+
+
+ CHAP. XLII.
+
+ The duke of Burgundy reconquers several
+ places which the French had won in
+ Burgundy 128
+
+
+ CHAP. XLIII.
+
+ Gilles de Postelles is accused of treason to
+ the duke of Burgundy, and beheaded 129
+
+
+ CHAP. XLIV.
+
+ The French win by scalado the town of
+ Crespy in the Valois. Other matters 130
+
+
+ CHAP. XLV.
+
+ The duke of Burgundy keeps his appointment
+ before Passy. He besieges the
+ town and castle of Avalon 132
+
+
+ CHAP. XLVI.
+
+ Pierre de Luxembourg, count de St Pol,
+ besieges the town of St Valery. The
+ death of the count de St Pol 134
+
+
+ CHAP. XLVII.
+
+ The lord de la Trimouille is arrested in the
+ king's palace, and made to surrender his
+ prisoner the viscount de Thouars 137
+
+
+ CHAP. XLVIII.
+
+ William de Coroam puts to flight John
+ Beaurain. Sir John de Luxembourg reconquers
+ the castle of Haphincourt 139
+
+
+ CHAP. XLIX.
+
+ The counts de Ligny and de St Pol keep
+ the appointed day at Villiers le Carbonel,
+ and afterward defeat the French from
+ the Garrison of Laon 141
+
+
+ CHAP. L.
+
+ La Hire and other French captains overrun
+ Artois and Cambresis 145
+
+
+ CHAP. LI.
+
+ The duke of Burgundy holds the anniversary
+ feast of the golden fleece in the city
+ of Dijon. He attends the marriage of
+ the duke of Savoy's son 148
+
+
+ CHAP. LII.
+
+ A general council is held at Basil 150
+
+
+ CHAP. LIII.
+
+ The town and castle of Provins in Brie are
+ won by the English and Burgundians.
+ The French reconquer the town and
+ castle of St Valery 152
+
+
+ CHAP. LIV.
+
+ The duke of Burgundy returns from Burgundy
+ to Flanders and Artois, having
+ with him John son to the count de
+ Nevers. Other matters 154
+
+
+ CHAP. LV.
+
+ John de Nevers is ordered to lay siege to
+ Moreuil. He has the county of Estampes
+ given to him 156
+
+
+ CHAP. LVI.
+
+ A quarrel between the Romans and pope
+ Eugenius, whom they wanted to detain
+ at Rome against his will 158
+
+
+ CHAP. LVII.
+
+ The abbey of St Vincent near Laon is demolished.
+ Many castles are conquered
+ by the Burgundians 159
+
+
+ CHAP. LVIII.
+
+ The lord Talbot returns to France, and conquers
+ many towns and castles 161
+
+
+ CHAP. LIX.
+
+ The count d'Estampes reconquers the town
+ of St Valery 164
+
+
+ CHAP. LX.
+
+ The French gain the town of Hamme on
+ the Somme, in the Vermandois 166
+
+
+ CHAP. LXI.
+
+ The town and castle of Chasteau-Vilain submits
+ to the obedience of the duke of
+ Burgundy 168
+
+
+ CHAP. LXII.
+
+ Heavy taxes laid on the countries of Artois
+ and those adjoining, on account of this
+ war 169
+
+
+ CHAP. LXIII.
+
+ The duke of Burgundy's captains appear
+ before Villefranche, wherein was the
+ duke of Bourbon. They afterward besiege
+ Belleville, which surrenders to them 171
+
+
+ CHAP. LXIV.
+
+ The lord Willoughby and Mathagon lay
+ siege to St Severin, where the English
+ are at first victorious, but are afterwards
+ defeated by the French 174
+
+
+ CHAP. LXV.
+
+ La Hire treacherously makes the lord
+ d'Auffemont a prisoner 177
+
+
+ CHAP. LXVI.
+
+ The common people of Normandy rise
+ against the English garrisons 178
+
+
+ CHAP. LXVII.
+
+ La Hire gains the castle of Breteuil, in
+ Beauvoisis, by storm 180
+
+
+ CHAP. LXVIII.
+
+ The dukes of Burgundy and of Bourbon
+ meet in the city of Nevers, and agree on
+ terms for a peace 181
+
+
+ CHAP. LXIX.
+
+ Amadeus duke of Savoy turns hermit, and
+ resides at Ripaille 187
+
+
+ CHAP. LXX.
+
+ The common people of Normandy assemble
+ in large bodies before Caen 191
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXI.
+
+ The duke and duchess of Burgundy return
+ from that country to Flanders and Artois 193
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXII.
+
+ The French gain the town of Rue from the
+ English 195
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXIII.
+
+ La Hire, Poton, Philip de la Tour, and the
+ lord de Fontaines, defeat the earl of
+ Arundel before the castle of Gerberoy 197
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXIV.
+
+ The duke of Burgundy is displeased with
+ the inhabitants of Antwerp 203
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXV.
+
+ The French conquer the towns of St Denis
+ from the English 205
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXVI.
+
+ The French, after having agreed to a truce
+ with the Burgundians on the frontiers of
+ the Beauvoisis, overrun the Boulonnois
+ and other parts 208
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXVII.
+
+ The cardinals of Santa Croce and of Cyprus
+ come to Arras, to attend the convention 211
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXVIII.
+
+ Louis de Luxembourg, count of St Pol,
+ espouses Joan of Bar, countess of Marle
+ and of Soissons 213
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXIX.
+
+ The French are defeated near to Rethel, by
+ the bastard de Humieres 214
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXX.
+
+ Ambassadors from the king of England arrive
+ at Arras to attend the convention 215
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXXI.
+
+ Ambassadors from France arrive at Arras to
+ attend this convention 217
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXXII.
+
+ Sir John de Mello, a knight of Spain, and
+ the lord de Chargny, combat each other
+ in the presence of the duke of Burgundy
+ at Arras 223
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXXIII.
+
+ The French and Burgundians are on very
+ amicable terms in Arras 230
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXXIV.
+
+ The cardinal of Winchester comes to Arras
+ to attend the convention 232
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXXV.
+
+ During the meeting of the convention at
+ Arras, La Hire and Poton overrun and
+ forage the country of the duke of Burgundy 234
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXXVI.
+
+ The kings of Arragon and Navarre are defeated,
+ and made prisoners, before
+ Gaieta, by the army of the duke of Milan 237
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXXVII.
+
+ The cardinal of Winchester and the whole
+ of the English embassy leave Arras.
+ Other ambassadors arrive there 240
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXXVIII.
+
+ A peace is concluded between Charles king
+ of France and the duke of Burgundy, in
+ the city of Arras 241
+
+
+ CHAP. LXXXIX.
+
+ The English lay siege to the town of St Denis,
+ which in the end surrenders to them
+ by capitulation 280
+
+
+ CHAP. XC.
+
+ Isabella, queen of France, dies in the city
+ of Paris 285
+
+
+ CHAP. XCI.
+
+ The cardinals, and the ambassadors from
+ the council, leave Arras. The duke of
+ Burgundy appoints different officers to
+ the towns and fortresses that had been
+ conceded to him by the peace 286
+
+
+ CHAP. XCII.
+
+ In consequence of the peace of Arras, the
+ duke of Burgundy sends some of his
+ council, and heralds, to the king of England,
+ to remonstrate and explain the
+ causes of the peace he had concluded
+ with the king of France 288
+
+
+ CHAP. XCIII.
+
+ The populace of Amiens rise against the
+ levying of some taxes which were intended
+ to be laid on them 294
+
+
+ CHAP. XCIV.
+
+ The French overrun and pillage the country
+ of the duke of Burgundy after the peace
+ of Arras. The marshal de Rieux takes
+ many towns and castles from the English
+ in Normandy 300
+
+
+ CHAP. XCV.
+
+ The English suspect the Burgundians who
+ are waging war with them against the
+ king of France: they no longer converse
+ or keep company with them. Other matters
+ briefly spoken of 306
+
+
+ CHAP. XCVI.
+
+ King Henry sends letters to the Hollanders,
+ to draw them to his party. A copy of
+ these letters 310
+
+
+ CHAP. XCVII.
+
+ The duke of Burgundy determines to make
+ war on the English 313
+
+
+ CHAP. XCVIII.
+
+ The duke of Burgundy, by the advice of
+ his privy counsellors, resolves to make
+ an attempt to conquer Calais 318
+
+
+ CHAP. XCIX.
+
+ The city of Paris is reduced to the obedience
+ of Charles king of France 324
+
+
+ CHAP. C.
+
+ Arthur count de Richemont, constable of
+ France, makes war on the heir of Commercy 330
+
+
+ CHAP. CI.
+
+ The bishop of Liege and the Liegeois destroy
+ Bousseuvre, and other forts that had
+ made war against them 334
+
+
+ CHAP. CII.
+
+ The town and castle of Orchimont are destroyed
+ by Everard de la Marche 340
+
+
+ CHAP. CIII.
+
+ The English make excursions from Calais
+ toward Boulogne and Gravelines. La
+ Hire conquers Gisors, and loses it soon
+ afterwards 342
+
+
+ CHAP. CIV.
+
+ The men of Ghent, and the Flemings,
+ make great preparations for the siege of
+ Calais 344
+
+
+ CHAP. CV.
+
+ Sir John de Croy, bailiff of Hainault, in
+ conjunction with other captains, attack
+ the English and are discomfited by them 348
+
+
+ CHAP. CVI.
+
+ The Flemings march to the siege of Calais--and
+ march back again 352
+
+
+ CHAP. CVII.
+
+ Sir Florimont de Brimeu, seneschal of Ponthieu,
+ conquers the town of Crotoy 382
+
+
+ CHAP. CVIII.
+
+ Humphry duke of Glocester arrives at Calais
+ with a large armament. He enters
+ Flanders, Artois, and other territories of
+ the duke of Burgundy, and does much
+ damage to them 385
+
+
+ CHAP. CIX.
+
+ The Flemings again take up arms, after
+ their retreat from Calais to their towns 388
+
+
+ CHAP. CX.
+
+ La Hire conquers the town and castle of
+ Soissons. Other matters 395
+
+
+ CHAP. CXI.
+
+ The duchess of Bedford, sister to the count
+ de St Pol, re-marries of her own free
+ will. The king of Sicily negotiates with
+ the duke of Burgundy for his liberty.
+ The English recover the town of Pontoise 397
+
+
+
+
+HERE BEGINNETH
+
+THE SEVENTH VOLUME
+
+OF THE
+
+CHRONICLES
+
+OF
+
+_ENGUERRAND DE MONSTRELET_.
+
+
+
+
+[A.D. 1431.]
+
+CHAP. I.
+
+ SOME CAPTAINS ATTACHED TO SIR JOHN DE LUXEMBOURG SURPRISE THE CASTLE
+ OF ST MARTIN, WHEREIN THEY ARE ALL TAKEN AND SLAIN.
+
+
+At the commencement of this year, some of the captains attached to
+sir John de Luxembourg, such as sir Simon de Lalain, Bertrand de
+Manicain, Enguerrand de Crequi, Enguerrand de Gribauval marched
+from the borders of the Laonnois with four hundred combatants to
+the abbey of St Vincent, near Laon, wherein were a body of French.
+They gained it by surprise, and on their entrance they set up a loud
+shout, which awakened part of the enemy within a strong gateway, who
+instantly defended themselves with vigour; and, during this, the lord
+de Pennesac, then in Laon, was told what had happened. He immediately
+collected a force to succour those in the gate, who were gallantly
+defending themselves; and his men at arms, enraged to find the enemy so
+near, lost no time in putting on their armour.
+
+They soon marched out of Laon to the assistance of their friends then
+fighting; but a part of the Burgundians, without finishing their
+enterprise, or providing for what might happen, had quitted the combat
+to plunder the abbey. They were, therefore, unexpectedly attacked
+by these men at arms, and with such vigour that they were totally
+defeated, and sixty of the principal were left dead on the spot: in the
+number were Bertrand de Manicain and Enguerrand de Gribauval. The last
+offered a large ransom for his life; but it was refused, by reason of
+the great hatred the common people bore him for the very many mischiefs
+he had long before done them.
+
+Sir Simon de Lalain was made prisoner, and had his life spared through
+the means of a gallant youth of the garrison named Archanciel, who
+was much beloved by the commonalty. Enguerrand de Crequi was taken
+at the same time with sir Simon and a few others; but the remainder,
+witnessing their ill success, retreated to the places whence they had
+come.
+
+Sir John de Luxembourg was much afflicted at this event, and not
+without cause, for he had lost in the affair some of his ablest
+captains. The brother of the lord de Pennesac, called James, was killed.
+
+At the same time, the castle of Rambures, belonging to the lord de
+Rambures, then a prisoner in England, was won by the French, under the
+command of Charles des Marests, who took it by scalado. Ferry de Mailly
+was the governor of it for king Henry. The French, by this capture,
+opened a free communication with the country of Vimeu and those
+adjoining, as shall hereafter be shewn.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. II.
+
+ POTON DE SAINTRAILLES AND SIR LOUIS DE VAUCOURT ARE MADE PRISONERS BY
+ THE ENGLISH.
+
+
+In this year, the marshal de Bousac, Poton de Saintrailles, sir Louis
+de Vaucourt, and others of king Charles's captains, set out from
+Beauvais with about eight hundred combatants to seek adventures, and
+to forage the country near to Gournay. With them was a very young
+shepherd's boy, who was desirous to raise his name in the same way that
+the Maid had done.
+
+The earl of Warwick had notice of their march, and collected with all
+haste about six hundred fighting men, whom he led toward Beauvais to
+meet the enemy. He came up with them, unexpectedly, near to Gournay,
+and commenced a sharp conflict, in which so little resistance was
+made by the French that they were soon put to the rout, and Poton de
+Saintrailles, sir Louis de Vaucourt, and about sixty combatants, were
+made prisoners. The rest, with the exception of eight or ten who were
+slain, made their escape with the marshal to Beauvais.
+
+The English pursued them to the walls of that town, when the earl of
+Warwick, assembling his men, returned to Gournay, happy at his good
+success; and thence he went to the duke of Bedford in Rouen, by whom he
+was joyfully congratulated on his victory.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. III.
+
+ MAILLOTIN DE BOURS AND SIR HECTOR DE FLAVY FIGHT TOGETHER IN THE TOWN
+ OF ARRAS.
+
+
+On the 20th day of June in this year, a combat took place in the
+town of Arras, and in the presence of the duke of Burgundy, between
+Maillotin de Bours, appellant, and sir Hector de Flavy, defendant.
+Maillotin had charged sir Hector, before the duke of Burgundy, with
+having said, that he was desirous of becoming the duke's enemy, and of
+turning to the party of king Charles; and also, that he had required
+of him to accompany him in his flight, and to seize Guy Guillebaut,
+the duke's treasurer, or some other wealthy prisoner, to pay for their
+expenses.
+
+The duke, on this charge, had ordered Maillotin to arrest sir Hector,
+and bring him prisoner to Arras, which he did in the following manner.
+Having received this order, he went, accompanied by a competent number
+of men, to a village near Corbie called Bonnay, and thence sent to sir
+Hector to come to him. Sir Hector, not knowing that any accusations
+had been made against him, came thither with a very few attendants,
+for Maillotin had pretended that he wanted only to speak with him; but
+no sooner did he appear than he laid hands on him, and carried him
+prisoner to Arras, where he remained in confinement a considerable
+time. However, by the exertions of his friends, he was conducted to the
+presence of the duke in Hesdin,--when he ably defended himself against
+the charges brought against him, and declared that it was Maillotin
+himself who made the proposals that he had mentioned. Words at last
+ran so high that Maillotin threw down his glove, which sir Hector, by
+leave of the prince, took up. The 20th day of June was fixed on for the
+combat, and there might be forty days before its arrival. Sufficient
+pledges were mutually given for their due appearance in person on the
+appointed day.
+
+The duke of Burgundy came from his palace in Arras about ten o'clock
+of the 20th of June, grandly attended by his nobles and chivalry, to
+the seat which had been prepared for him in the centre of the lists, in
+the great market-square, the usual place for tournaments. The counts
+de St Pol, de Ligny, and others of rank, entered the seat with the
+duke. Two handsome tents were pitched at each end of the lists, and
+without them were two great chairs of wood for the champions to repose
+in. That of Maillotin, as appellant, was on the right hand of the
+duke, and sir Hector's on the left. Sir Hector's tent was very richly
+ornamented with sixteen emblazoned quarterings of his arms, and of
+those of his ancestors, on each side. There was also a representation
+of a sepulchre, because sir Hector had been made a knight at the holy
+sepulchre of Jerusalem.
+
+Shortly afterward, Maillotin was summoned by the king at arms to appear
+in person and fulfil his engagements. About eleven o'clock, he left
+his mansion, accompanied by the lord de Chargny, the lord de Humieres,
+sir Peter Quierel lord de Ramencourt, and many other gentlemen, his
+relations and friends. He was mounted on a horse covered with the
+emblazonments of his arms, having on plain armour, his helmet on and
+his vizor closed, holding in one hand his lance and in the other one
+of his two swords; for he was provided with two, and a large dagger
+hanging by his side. His horse was led by the bridle by two knights
+on foot; and on his arrival at the barriers, he made the usual oaths
+in the hands of sir James de Brimeu, who had been appointed for the
+purpose. This done, the barriers were thrown open, and he entered with
+his companions on foot, who then presented themselves before the duke
+of Burgundy. After this, he rode to his chair, where he dismounted,
+and entered his pavilion to repose himself and wait his adversary.
+The lord de Chargny, who was his manager to instruct him how to act,
+entered the tent with him, as did a few of his confidential friends.
+
+Artois, king at arms, now summoned sir Hector de Flavy in the same
+manner as he had done the other; and within a quarter of an hour sir
+Hector left his house and came to the barriers on horseback, fully
+armed like his opponent, grandly accompanied by gentlemen, among whom
+were the two sons of the count de St Pol, Louis and Thibault, who led
+sir Hector's horse by the bridle. The other lords followed behind on
+foot, namely, the lord d'Antoing, the vidame of Amiens, John de Flavy,
+brother to sir Hector, Hugh de Launoy, the lord de Chargny, the lord de
+Saveuses, sir John de Fosseux, the lord de Crevecoeur, and many more
+nobles and esquires of rank. On sir Hector's arrival at the barriers,
+he took the oath, and then presented himself to the duke. He went to
+his chair, dismounted, and entered his pavilion. Soon after, they both
+advanced on foot before the duke, and swore on the evangelists that
+their quarrel was good, and that they would combat fairly, and then
+returned again to their pavilions.
+
+Proclamation was now made by the king at arms for all persons, under
+pain of death, to quit the lists, excepting such as had been charged
+to guard them. The prince had ordered that eight persons on each side,
+relations or friends of the champions, should remain within the lists
+unarmed, in addition to the eight that had been before appointed to
+raise them, or put an end to the combat, according to the prince's
+pleasure.
+
+The chairs being removed, proclamation was again made for the champions
+to advance and do their duty. On hearing this, Maillotin de Bours, as
+appellant, first stepped forth, and then sir Hector, each grasping
+their lances handsomely. On their approach, they threw them, but
+without either hitting. They then, with great signs of courage, drew
+nearer, and began the combat with swords. Sir Hector, more than once,
+raised the vizor of his adversary's helmet by his blows, so that his
+face was plainly seen, which caused the spectators to believe sir
+Hector had the best of the combat. Maillotin, however, without being
+any way discouraged, soon closed it, by striking it down with the
+pummel of his sword, and retreating a few paces.
+
+The two champions shewed the utmost valour; but at this moment, before
+any blood had been drawn, the duke ordered further proceedings to be
+stopped, which was instantly done by those who had been commissioned
+for the purpose. They were commanded to withdraw to their lodgings,
+which they obeyed, by quitting the lists at opposite ends; and on
+the morrow they dined at the duke's table, sir Hector sitting on his
+right hand. When dinner was over, the duke ordered them, under pain
+of capital punishment, to attempt nothing further against each other,
+their friends or allies, and to lay aside all the malice and hatred
+that was between them. In confirmation of which, he made them shake
+hands.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. IV.
+
+ SOME OF KING CHARLES'S CAPTAINS MAKE AN ATTEMPT ON CORBIE.
+
+
+About this time, some of king Charles's captains, namely, the lord de
+Longueval, Anthony de Chabannes, Blanchefort, Alain Guion, and others,
+advanced to the town of Corbie, thinking to take it by surprise. By the
+activity of the abbot, the place was well defended; and it was also
+succoured by John de Humieres, Enguerrand de Gribauval, with some more
+gentlemen in their company, so that the French were repulsed with the
+loss of many of their men. Alain Guion was so badly wounded that he was
+in great peril of death. They caused, however, a very handsome suburb
+toward Fouilloy to be burnt. They retreated to forage the countries on
+the banks of the Somme, where they took the castles of Morcourt and
+Lyon belonging to the lord de Longueval, committing also much damage to
+the lands.
+
+They soon quitted these castles, for fear of being besieged in
+them, and returned to the places they had come from; but the duke of
+Burgundy, on their departure, had them razed to the ground.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. V.
+
+ THE LORD DE BARBASAN LAYS SIEGE TO THE CASTLE OF ANGLURE, HELD BY THE
+ BURGUNDIANS.
+
+
+In this year, the lord de Barbasan, who had resided a considerable time
+with the duke of Bar on the borders of Champagne, laid siege to the
+Burgundians in the castle of Anglure,[1]--and he had approached so near
+as to batter the walls with his cannon and other artillery. The duke
+of Bedford, on hearing this, sent to their relief the earl of Arundel,
+with the eldest son of the earl of Warwick, the lord de l'Isle-Adam,
+the lord de Châtillon, the lord de Bonneul, and other captains, with
+sixteen hundred men. After some days march, they came to Anglure,
+and found that the lord de Barbasan, having had intelligence of their
+motions, had retreated to a strong post, which he had also strengthened
+by outworks.
+
+Some skirmishes took place, in which from sixteen to twenty men were
+killed on both sides, and the lord de l'Isle-Adam was wounded. The
+English and Burgundians, seeing that they could not force the enemy to
+battle without great disadvantage to themselves, withdrew the garrison,
+with the lady of the castle, and set fire to it; after which, they
+returned to Paris, and to the other parts whence they had come.
+
+The lord de Barbasan had been constituted by king Charles governor
+of the countries of Brie, the Laonnois and Champagne. Before he laid
+siege to Anglure, he had conquered Noeville in the Laonnois, Voisines
+and other places. He had remained about a month before this castle of
+Anglure, having with him the lord de Conflans, sir John bastard de
+Dampierre, and a great number of common people.
+
+When the English and Burgundians were on their march to raise this
+siege, in one of the many skirmishes, the French gained possession
+of the outworks of the castle,--but were soon driven thence by the
+English, who in consequence set the castle on fire, as has been related.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 1: Anglure, eight leagues to the north of Troyes.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. VI.
+
+ THE MAID OF ORLEANS IS CONDEMNED TO BE PUT TO DEATH AND BURNT AT ROUEN.
+
+
+Joan the Maid had sentence of death passed on her in the city of Rouen,
+information of which was sent by the king of England to the duke of
+Burgundy, a copy of whose letter now follows:
+
+'Most dear and well beloved uncle, the very fervent love we know you
+to bear, as a true Catholic, to our holy mother the church, and your
+zeal for the exaltation of the faith, induces us to signify to you by
+writing, that in honour of the above, an act has lately taken place
+at Rouen, which will tend, as we hope, to the strengthening of the
+catholic faith, and the extirpation of pestilential heresies.
+
+'It is well known, from common report, and otherwise, that the woman,
+erroneously called the Maid, has, for upward of two years, contrary to
+the divine law, and to the decency becoming her sex, worn the dress
+of a man, a thing abominable before God; and in this state she joined
+our adversary and yours, giving him, as well as those of his party,
+churchmen and nobles, to understand that she was sent as a messenger
+from Heaven,--and presumptuously vaunting that she had personal and
+visible communications with St Michael, and with a multitude of angels
+and saints in paradise, such as St Catherine and St Margaret. By these
+falsehoods, and by promising future victories, she has estranged the
+minds of persons of both sexes from the truth, and induced them to the
+belief of dangerous errors.
+
+'She clothed herself in armour also, assisted by knights and esquires,
+and raised a banner, on which, through excess of pride and presumption,
+she demanded to bear the noble and excellent arms of France, which in
+part she obtained. These she displayed at many conflicts and sieges;
+and they consisted of a shield having two flower de luces or on a
+field azure, with a pointed sword surmounted with a crown proper.
+
+'In this state she took the field with large companies of men at arms
+and archers, to exercise her inhuman cruelties by shedding Christian
+blood, and stirring up seditions and rebellions of the common people.
+She encouraged perjuries, superstitions and false doctrines, by
+permitting herself to be reverenced and honoured as a holy woman, and
+in various other manners that would be too long to detail, but which
+have greatly scandalized all Christendom wherever they have been known.
+
+'But divine Mercy having taken pity on a loyal people, and being no
+longer willing to suffer them to remain under such vain errors and
+credulities, permitted that this woman should be made prisoner by your
+army when besieging Compiègne, and through your affection she was
+transferred to our power.
+
+'On this being known, she was claimed by the bishop in whose diocese
+she had been taken; and as she had been guilty of the highest treason
+to the Divine Majesty, we delivered her up to be tried and punished
+by the usual ecclesiastical judges, not only from respect to our holy
+mother the church, whose ordinances we shall ever prefer to our own,
+but also for the exaltation of our faith.
+
+'We were unwilling that the officers of our secular justice should take
+cognizance of the crime, although it was perfectly lawful for us so to
+do, considering the great mischiefs, murders, and detestable cruelties,
+she has committed against our sovereignty, and on a loyal obedient
+people.
+
+'The bishop having called to his aid in this matter the vicar of the
+inquisitor of errors and heresies in the faith, with many able doctors
+in theology and in the canon law, commenced with much solemnity and
+gravity the trial of the said Joan. After these judges had for several
+days interrogated her on her crimes, and had maturely considered her
+confessions and answers, they sent them for the opinion of our beloved
+daughter the university of Paris, when they all determined that this
+Joan was superstitious, a sorceress of the devil, a blasphemer of God
+and of his saints, a schismatic, and guilty of many errors against the
+faith of Jesus Christ.
+
+'To recal her to the universal faith of our holy church, to purge
+her from her pernicious errors, and to save her soul from perpetual
+damnation, and to induce her to return to the way of truth, she was
+long and frequently charitably preached to; but that dangerous and
+obstinate spirit of pride and presumption, which is alway endeavouring
+to prevent the unity and safety of Christians, held the said Joan so
+fast bound that no arguments nor exhortations could soften the hardness
+of her heart, so that she boasted that all which she had done was
+meritorious, and that it had been done by the command of God and the
+aforesaid holy virgins, who had personally appeared to her. But what
+was worse, she refused to acknowledge any power on earth but God and
+his saints, denying the authority of our holy father the pope, and of
+the general councils of the universal church militant.
+
+'The ecclesiastical judges, witnessing her obstinacy and hardness of
+heart, had her brought forth before the people, who, with the clergy,
+were assembled in great numbers, when she was again preached to by
+an able divine. Having been plainly warned of the doctrines of our
+holy religion, and the consequences of heresies and erroneous opinions
+concerning it to the welfare of mankind, she was charitably admonished
+to make her peace with the church, and renounce her errors, but she
+remained as obstinate as before.
+
+'The judges, having considered her conduct, proceeded to pronounce
+sentence upon her, according to the heinousness of her crimes; but
+before it was read her courage seemed to fail her, and she said she was
+willing to return to the church. This was heard with pleasure by the
+judges, clergy and spectators, who received her kindly, hoping by this
+means to preserve her soul from perdition.
+
+'She now submitted herself to the ordinances of the church, and
+publicly renounced and abjured her detestable crimes, signing with
+her own hand the schedule of her recantation and abjuration. Thus was
+our merciful mother the church rejoiced at the sinner doing penance,
+anxious to recover the lost sheep that had wandered in the desert. Joan
+was ordered to perform her penance in close confinement.
+
+'But these good dispositions did not last long; for her presumptuous
+pride seemed to have acquired greater force than before,--and she
+relapsed, with the utmost obstinacy, into all those errors which
+she had publicly renounced. For this cause, and that she might not
+contaminate the sound members of our holy communion, she was again
+publicly preached to; and, proving obstinate, she was delivered over to
+the secular arm, who instantly condemned her to be burnt. Seeing her
+end approach, she fully acknowledged and confessed that the spirits
+which had appeared to her were often lying and wicked ones; that the
+promises they had made to set her at liberty were false,--and that she
+had been deceived and mocked by them.
+
+'She was publicly led to the old market-place in Rouen, and there burnt
+in the presence of the people!'
+
+This notice of her sentence and execution was sent by the king of
+England to the duke of Burgundy, that it might be published by him for
+the information of his subjects, that all may henceforward be advised
+not to put faith in such or similar errors as had governed the heart of
+the Maid.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. VII.
+
+ THE GENERAL COUNCIL IS CONTINUED AT BASIL, BY THE SOLICITATIONS OF THE
+ EMPEROR.
+
+
+In this year, a general council of the holy church, which had been
+moved for during the pontificate of pope Martin, was ordered by the
+pope to be held in the city of Basil. Basil is a handsome city,
+abounding in wealth, and seated on the banks of the Rhine; whither
+came crowds from all parts to attend the council, more especially many
+notable clerks from the university of Paris, and numberless ambassadors
+from the emperor of Germany, different kings, princes and prelates.
+
+Pope Eugenius, however, was desirous of deferring this council for
+a year and a half, and wished to have it transferred to Bologna la
+Grassa, for the accommodation of the Greeks, who he was in hopes would
+attend it. The emperor, when he heard of this, wrote letters to the
+pope, containing in substance as follows.
+
+In the first place, he was unwilling that the council should be
+transferred from Basil, or any way delayed on account of the Greeks;
+for as much pains had been taken in vain to unite them with the holy
+church, it would be better to extirpate reigning heresies.
+
+Item, the members of the council had written to those of Prague called
+Hussites to attend this council,--and he, the emperor, had likewise
+written to them, and sent them passports for their coming and return.
+The Hussites had shewn intentions of compliance with these requests,
+for they had suffered great losses in Hungary, having been twice
+defeated by the duke of Austria.
+
+Item, as the Hussites knew that this council was chiefly held for the
+abolition of their heresies, could it be expected that any sincere
+conversions would take effect, without the points of the disputed
+doctrines having been fully and publicly argued?
+
+Item, should it happen that they be converted by force of reason,
+as the members of the council are from various countries, they will
+admonish their countrymen when returned to destroy these Hussites.
+
+Item, because the Hussites declare their sect to be founded on the Holy
+Scriptures, should the council be delayed, they will naturally conclude
+that this is done through a consciousness of inability to controvert
+their doctrines, and will become more hardened and obstinate in their
+errors.
+
+Item, because common report has bruited it abroad that this council was
+assembled for the reformation of public manners and the state of the
+church, it is to be feared that many who have loudly spoken of these
+matters will say, if the council be adjourned, that it is a mockery and
+farce, and will end as unprofitably to the church as those of Pisa and
+of Constance.
+
+Item, since this council has been called to appease dissentions
+that have arisen between the clergy and laity in many towns of
+Christendom,--and since the members have summoned the attendance
+of several of the chief inhabitants of different towns in Saxony,
+particularly of Magdebourg, who had expelled the bishop and his clergy
+from their town, and of others who had rebelled against their bishops
+because they leaned to the doctrines of the Hussites,--it is to be
+feared, should the council be deferred, that they will form such strong
+connexions with the Hussites that it will be no longer possible to
+remedy the mischief.
+
+Item, although several towns and princes situated amidst these heretics
+have made truces with them, nevertheless the majority of them are
+firmly united with the Hussites, in hopes that the council will decide
+on their doctrines; but should they find it is adjourned for so long a
+time as a year and a half, they will be for ever lost to the church.
+
+Item, it was hoped that this council would employ itself in the
+pacification of many kings and princes now waging war against each
+other, and in taking proper measures for a secure and lasting peace.
+Should it now separate, these princes would continue a cruel warfare,
+and no hope remain of again assembling it for the prevention of
+seditions and heresies, and thus very many things profitable to the
+Christian church will be delayed, if not totally obstructed; and
+greater slanders and mischiefs will arise than he was willing to write.
+
+These arguments having been adduced in the letters from the emperor, he
+thus concludes:
+
+'We therefore require of your holiness, that you instantly write to the
+president and members of the council, that they do not on any account
+separate, but that they do accomplish that which they have begun, and
+for which they have been assembled in the name of the Lord,--and that
+you do recal and annul whatever you may have written to the contrary.
+Have the goodness to consider also that the heretics are increasing
+in arms, and that if you do not disband them by clerical measures,
+and replace them in their primitive state, there will not be left a
+possibility of doing it by any other means whatever.
+
+'Those who have advised you to adjourn the council have not assuredly
+understood the grievous evils that may result from that measure. Would
+to God they were sensible of the dangerous consequences at this moment
+arising from delay! Should they fear that laics would usurp power
+belonging to the church, they would deceive themselves,--for this is
+only a subtlety to retard the council; which measure, if carried into
+effect, would indeed force the laics to act against the church.
+
+'This can only be prevented by continuing the sittings of the council;
+for then the laics will be effectually restrained, when they shall see
+the clergy abstain from all considerations of personal profit. You
+should also consider, that perhaps the holy council will not consent
+to adjourn itself, and that in this it will be followed by the kings,
+princes and common people; and your holiness, who has hitherto been
+held in respect, and considered as spotless by the members of the
+Christian church, will fall under suspicion, and your mandates be
+disregarded. For this adjournment, without any essential cause, will
+stain your innocence; and it may be said that you nourish heresies
+among Christians, a perseverance in wickedness and in the sins of the
+people. Disobedience may therefore be consequently expected to the
+church of God; for there are some who will not scruple to publish that
+you have been the cause of these evils,--and many more than you are
+aware of will agree with them.
+
+'It would be very useful and good, if your holiness would attend
+the council in person; but if that cannot be, send your immediate
+commands for it to continue its sittings in the manner in which it has
+commenced; for there are measures before it affecting the very vitals
+of Christianity that can not, and ought not, to suffer a moment's delay.
+
+'Should your holiness require, in future, any measures to be discussed
+that do not demand such haste, such as touching an union with the Greek
+church, another council may be called better inclined towards it; for
+should this council be now dissolved, it is to be doubted whether
+another can be assembled within the eighteen months, from events that
+may arise.
+
+'Your holiness will be pleased to weigh maturely all that we have
+written to you, and give directions for the continuation of this
+council; and have the goodness to receive our admonitions paternally
+and kindly, for it has been our conscience, and the great difficulties
+into which the church of God has fallen, and also our anxiety that your
+character may not be liable to the least suspicion, that have urged
+us to make them. This we will more clearly demonstrate to you when we
+shall be in your presence, which we hope will shortly happen.'
+
+This remonstrance had its due effect on the holy father, who
+re-established the council at Basil, which was attended by great
+multitudes of ecclesiastical and secular lords, ambassadors, princes
+and prelates, and common people out of number.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. VIII.
+
+ THE DUKE OF BAR ENTERS THE COUNTY OF VAUDEMONT TO CONQUER IT BY FORCE.
+
+
+I have before mentioned that a serious quarrel[2] had taken place
+between René duke of Bar and Anthony de Lorraine count de Vaudemont.
+In consequence thereof, the duke of Bar had collected a great body of
+men at arms, as well from his own duchy as from other parts of Germany,
+to the amount of six thousand men. The principal leaders were the
+counts de Salmes, de Salivines and de Linanges, the bishop of Metz,
+sir Thibaut de Barbey, and other noble men of high rank. The duke had
+also with him that gallant and renowned knight the lord de Barbasan,
+by whose advice he ordered his army,--for he had great knowledge and
+experience in war.
+
+Having provided a sufficiency of artillery, provision and stores, the
+duke marched his army before Vaudemont[3], the capital of that country,
+which was naturally strong, and had been repaired with additional
+fortifications, by the count, who had likewise well victualled and
+garrisoned it, knowing that it was intended to be attacked by his
+enemies.
+
+He had appointed, as governors in his absence, Gerard de Passenchault,
+bailiff of the county, and Henry de Fouquencourt, who made great
+exertions to put the place in a proper state of defence. They were,
+however, in spite of their efforts, soon besieged on all sides, by
+reason of the superior numbers of their enemies.
+
+The besiegers also overran and destroyed by fire and sword most part of
+the county of Vaudemont, which, although very vexatious to the count,
+he could no way resist for the present. He garrisoned all his strong
+places as well as he could, and resolved to wait on duke Philip of
+Burgundy, whose party he had alway supported, and humbly request aid
+from him to deliver his country from his enemies.
+
+He found the duke in Flanders, to whom having told his distress, the
+duke replied, that he would willingly lay the case before his council,
+and give him a speedy answer, and the best assistance he could afford.
+A short time before the count's arrival, sir Anthony de Toulongeon,
+the marshal of Burgundy, and other noble persons from that country,
+had come to remonstrate with the duke on the state of affairs in that
+duchy, and on the devastations there done by his enemies the French and
+Bourbonnois, who were daily committing murders and mischiefs by fire
+and sword, having already conquered some of his towns and castles, and
+intending further inroads unless they were checked.
+
+They earnestly solicited that he would, for the salvation of the
+country, send thither some of his Picard-captains, accompanied by a
+certain number of men at arms, more particularly archers, of whom, they
+said, they were in much need.
+
+The duke held several councils on these two demands, and on the means
+of complying with them. They caused many debates,--and his ministers
+urged the necessity of non-compliance, saying that the French were on
+the borders of Picardy, eager to make an inroad on Artois, and the
+moment they should know that his Picards had left their country, they
+might do him very great mischief. Notwithstanding all the dangers that
+might ensue, it was resolved, as a matter of necessity, that a thousand
+or twelve hundred combatants should be given to the marshal, who
+should have the chief command, with the Picardy-captains under him; and
+when they were arrived in Burgundy, they should afford the count de
+Vaudemont the strongest support they could.
+
+When this had been resolved upon, it was necessary to seek for captains
+to conduct the expedition; for there were few of any rank willing to
+undertake it, because it was to a distant country, where the enemy was
+in great force,--and they did not expect to be well paid, according to
+the custom in those parts. However, the duke of Burgundy, the count of
+Vaudemont, and others of weight in Picardy, determined to accept of
+such as they could find willing to go; and they sounded Matthieu de
+Humieres, Robinet de Huchechien, the bastard de Fosseux, the bastard
+de Neufville, Gerard bastard de Brimeu, and some other gentlemen and
+men at arms of the middle ranks, who had no great properties in their
+own country, to know if they were inclined to assemble men at arms,
+and to follow their leader whither he pleased to seek adventures. Some
+presents and greater promises being added to this proposal, they
+agreed to accept of the offers.
+
+They collected, therefore, about the beginning of May, as many men
+at arms as they could, in various parts, to the amount of a thousand
+or twelve hundred, and had the duke of Burgundy's commands to keep
+them on foot for a certain time: the most of them were poor soldiers,
+accustomed to support themselves by living on their neighbours, when
+they could not find wherewithal in their own countries, but strong,
+healthy and vigorous, and accustomed to war.
+
+When they were assembled in companies, they marched for the Cambresis,
+and were mustered in a large village called Solames, belonging to the
+abbot of St Denis in France. They thence advanced under the command of
+the marshal, and other burgundian lords, to Rethel, where they received
+a proportion of their pay, and thence returned through St Menehould
+to Burgundy, where they remained some little time, waiting until the
+burgundian forces were ready.
+
+In the mean time, while these preparations were going forward,
+the duke of Bar was besieging, with his numerous army, the town of
+Vaudemont. He had remained before it for three complete months, and had
+greatly damaged the walls by his cannon and other engines. The besieged
+were in the utmost distress; but, as they had hopes of being speedily
+relieved by the count, from whom they had secret messages, they bore
+all with much patience. Their two governors made great exertions to
+defend the place, that their lord might not reproach them with having
+any way neglected their duty.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 2: The duchy of Bar having passed to the house of Anjou,
+Réné, in the year 1431, sent his bailiffs from Bar and St Michel to
+receive from Anthony of Lorraine count de Vaudemont, his acknowledgment
+of him as lord paramount. The duke insisted on having full obedience of
+all places within the county that had been held as fiefs from the dukes
+of Bar, under pain of confiscation. _Dict. de Martiniere._ This was
+probably the cause of quarrel.]
+
+[Footnote 3: Vaudemont,--a small town in Lorraine. It had been the
+capital of the county, but had given up that honour to the little town
+of Vezelize.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. IX.
+
+ THE DUKE OF BAR IS COMBATED BY THE COUNT DE VAUDEMONT AND DEFEATED.
+
+
+When the marshal of Burgundy had assembled all his men, he marched
+them toward Langres; and thence the Burgundians and Picards advanced
+toward the Barrois, where they were joined by the count de Vaudemont
+with all the forces he could collect. When united, they might amount
+to about four thousand combatants; and their chief captains were the
+said Anthony de Toulongeon marshal of Burgundy, the count de Vaudemont,
+the lord d'Antoing, Gerard de Marigny, the count de Fribourg, the lord
+de Mirabeau, the lord de Sez, the lord de Roland, sir Imbert Marechal,
+a Savoyard, the bastard du Vergy, Matthieu de Humieres, nephew to
+the above-mentioned lord d'Antoing, sir John de Cardonne lord de
+Bichancourt, Boort de Bazentin, a gallant english knight called sir
+John Ladan, and sir Thomas Gergeras.
+
+Sir John Ladan was governor of Montigny-le-Roi, and had with him six
+score combatants at the least, with many notable gentlemen renowned
+and expert in war. They advanced in handsome array into the Barrois,
+followed by sixteen or twenty carts laden with stores and provision.
+
+They announced their entrance into the Barrois by setting fire to
+different parts of that country; and thus they advanced to a large
+village called Sandacourt, within seven leagues of their adversaries,
+where they arrived on a Saturday night. On the morrow, Sunday, they
+expected an attack from the enemy, and, consequently, they formed
+their men in order of battle, and remained in this state the most
+part of that day, having their archers posted behind sharp stakes to
+prevent the charge of the cavalry. As the enemy did not appear, they
+retired, about vespers, to the village to refresh themselves, and
+called a council to consider how they should act. It was resolved, that
+since from the badness of the roads, and from the country being so
+intersected with hedges, they could not, without danger, march to meet
+the enemy, who were superior to them in numbers, they should return
+through the Barrois to Burgundy, destroy the country they marched
+through, and reinforce themselves with men and every thing necessary to
+enable them to combat the enemy.
+
+This resolution was very displeasing to the count de Vaudemont, but
+he was, through necessity, forced to abide by it. The captains then
+ordered all things to be packed and ready for the march on the ensuing
+day, Monday, the feast of St Martin in the summer; but the duke of Bar,
+having heard of their arrival, quitted the siege of Vaudemont, leaving
+a sufficient body to blockade it until his return, and marched his army
+to offer them battle before they were reinforced.
+
+His strength consisted of about six thousand combatants, under some of
+the highest rank in Bar, Lorraine and Germany, and advanced in handsome
+array. The scouts of the marshal of Burgundy fell in with those of
+the duke of Bar, attacked and conquered them; and this was the first
+intelligence the marshal had of their intentions.
+
+He gave instant notice of the coming of the enemy to his captains, who
+drew up their men in good order, chiefly under the directions of the
+english knight. The archers were posted in front, and on the wings,
+with their stakes before them. The burgundian men at arms wanted to
+remain on horseback, but the Picards and English would not suffer them;
+and at last it was ordered, that every man, whatever might be his rank,
+should dismount,--and all who should disobey should be put to death.
+The horses and carriages were placed in the rear, in such wise as to
+prevent the enemy from making any attack on that quarter.
+
+While this was passing, the duke of Bar had advanced his army to within
+half a quarter of a league of them, and thence sent his heralds and
+trumpets to announce to them his approach, and to say, that if they
+would wait for him, he would offer them battle. The burgundian captains
+sent for answer, that they were ready to receive him, and wished for
+nothing better than what he had proposed.
+
+The heralds returned with this answer to the duke, who then advanced
+to within cross-bow shot of his enemies, although the lord de Barbasan
+had frequently advised him to avoid an open combat, but to force them
+to retreat from his country by famine and other means. He added many
+arguments in support of his advice; but the duke would not listen to
+them, trusting to superiority of numbers, notwithstanding the greater
+part of his men had not been accustomed nor experienced in war like to
+his adversaries, the Burgundians, Picards, and English.
+
+The duke, partly by the advice of the lord de Barbasan, drew up his
+army handsomely; for he had a great desire for the combat, though he
+had with him but very few archers. When this was done, many new knights
+were created on his side.
+
+Preparatory to the battle, the marshal of Burgundy and the count de
+Vaudemont had two tuns of wine brought to the front of their line,
+which, with bread and other victual, were delivered out to their men
+in what quantity they pleased; and all who had any hatreds made peace
+with each other. They had also some cannon and culverines on the two
+wings and in the center of their army, and they remained for two hours
+fronting each other.
+
+While they were thus situated, a stag, as I was informed, came between
+their battalions, and, stamping thrice with his feet on the ground,
+paced along the burgundian line,--and then, returning, dashed through
+that of the Barrois, when great shoutings were made after it.
+
+Some new knights were now created by the Burgundians and Picards, such
+as Matthieu de Humieres, Gerard de Marigny, his son, and others. The
+count de Vaudemont during this ceremony rode on a small hackney along
+the line, entreating the men 'to combat bravely, assuring them, on the
+damnation of his soul, that his cause was good and just,--that the duke
+of Bar wanted to disinherit him,--and that he had ever been strongly
+attached to the party of duke John and duke Philip of Burgundy.'
+
+The Burgundians and Picards were well pleased with this address, and
+determined to remain as they were, and not advance on the enemy. On
+the other hand, the duke of Bar, having finished his preparations, and
+drawn up his army mostly on foot, observing that the enemy did not
+move, resolved to begin the combat, and marched toward them, who still
+remained in their position.
+
+When the Barrois were advanced to within twelve or sixteen diestres[4]
+of their line, they discharged the cannons and culverines before
+mentioned, and set up a loud shout. This caused such an alarm among
+the Barrois that they flung themselves on the ground, and were greatly
+frightened. Shortly after, the battle raged on all sides, and it might
+then be about eleven o'clock. The Picard-archers made excellent use of
+their bows, and killed and wounded numbers with their arrows.
+
+The violence of the combat lasted about a quarter of an hour, and the
+two parties were engaged in different quarters; but at length that of
+the duke began to give way, and to fly in various directions,--which
+being observed by the enemy, it renewed their courage, and they made
+fiercer attacks than before. The Picard-archers especially killed and
+wounded an incredible number, so that the disorder and defeat very soon
+became general on the side of the Barrois.
+
+The duke of Bar was made prisoner by one named Martin Fouars, belonging
+to the count de Conversan, lord d'Enghien, who had all the honour and
+profit of such a prize, although some said he was not taken with his
+own hand. Together with the duke were made prisoners, the bishop of
+Metz, John de Rodemaque, sir Everard de Salebery, the viscount d'Arcy,
+the lord of Rodemaque, sir Colard de Sausy, sir Vilin de la Tour, and
+others, to the amount of more than two hundred.
+
+There remained dead on the field of battle, and including those slain
+in the pursuit, which lasted for two good leagues, from five and twenty
+hundred to three thousand men. The principal among them were the counts
+de Salmes and de Salme-Salmes, de Linanges, Germans,--the lord de
+Barbasan, sir Thibault de Barbey, two brothers to the bishop of Metz,
+George de Banastre and his two brothers, and others, to the amount
+aforesaid, the greater part of whom were gentlemen.
+
+This defeat and pursuit lasted two or three hours; and when all were
+re-assembled, the burgundian lords, with the count de Vaudemont,
+returned their most humble thanksgiving to their Creator for the great
+victory they had obtained through his means. They did not lose more in
+killed than forty men, the chief of whom was sir Gerard de Marigny.
+They remained that night on the field of battle. The marshal of
+Burgundy was slightly wounded in the face, and the duke of Bar above
+the nose. On the morrow, they marched away for Burgundy, carrying with
+them their prisoners.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 4: Diestres. See Du Cange, Supplement, _Dextri_.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. X.
+
+ THE YOUNG KING HENRY COMES FROM ENGLAND, WITH A GRAND ATTENDANCE, TO
+ PARIS, TO BE CROWNED KING OF FRANCE.
+
+
+About the end of November, in this year, the young king Henry came from
+Pontoise to St Denis, with the intent of proceeding to Paris, to be
+anointed and crowned king of France. He was accompanied from England
+by his uncles the cardinals of Winchester and of York, the duke of
+Bedford, the rich duke of York, the earls of Warwick, Salisbury and
+Suffolk. He was likewise attended by many of the great lords of France,
+such as sir Louis de Luxembourg bishop of Therouenne, master Peter
+Cauchon, bishop of Beauvais, master John de Mailly, bishop of Noyon,
+the bishops of Paris and of Evreux, sir John bastard de St Pol, sir
+Guy le Bouteiller, the lord de Courcelles, sir Gilles de Clamecy, sir
+James de Painel, sir John de Pressi, the lord de Passy, the bastard de
+Thian, and several more.
+
+King Henry was escorted by about two or three thousand combatants, as
+well from England as from the country round St Denis, for the security
+of his person. He left that town for Paris about nine o'clock in the
+morning, and was met at la Chapelle, half way between Paris and Saint
+Denis, by sir Simon Morier, provost of Paris, with a numerous company
+of the burghers dressed in crimson-satin doublets with blue hoods, to
+do him honour and respect: there were also very many of the inhabitants
+dressed in scarlet.
+
+When the provost and his company had made their obeisances, the
+king was next saluted by persons on horseback representing the
+nine worthies[5], armed each according to his manner. Then by the
+commandant of the watch, the provost of merchants, with the officers of
+the court, dressed in silk and crimson hoods.
+
+At a small distance came master Philip de Morvillers, first president
+of the parliament, in his robes of ceremony, followed by all the lords
+of the parliament in flowing robes of vermilion. Then came the members
+of the chamber of accounts, the directors of the finances, the masters
+of requests, the secretaries, in robes of the same colour. As they
+advanced, they made their reverences to the king, each according to his
+rank, and to the lords who accompanied him. With regard to the common
+people, they were numberless.
+
+When the king arrived at the entrance of the gate of St Denis, the arms
+of the town were on so large a scale that in the body of them were
+inclosed six men, one to represent a bishop, another the university,
+and a third the burghers: the others personated sergeants. The king was
+presented, on his passing the gate, with three crimson hearts: in one
+were two doves; in another, small birds, which were let fly over the
+king's head; and in the third, violets and other flowers, which were
+thrown over the lords who accompanied him.
+
+The provost of merchants and the sheriffs now brought a handsome
+azure-coloured canopy besprinkled with flowers de luce, which they
+bore over the king's head as he passed through the streets. When he
+approached the little bridge of St Denis, a pageant of three savages
+and a woman continued fighting, in a sort of forest that had been
+formed there, until he had passed. Underneath the scaffold was a
+fountain of Hippocras, with three mermaids swimming round it, and which
+ran perpetually for all who chose to drink thereat. On advancing to
+the second gate of the street of St Denis, there were pageants that
+represented in dumb show the nativity of the holy Virgin, her marriage,
+the adoration of the three kings, the massacre of the innocents, and a
+good man sowing his corn, which characters were specially well acted.
+Over the gate was performed the legendary history of St Denis, which
+was much admired by the English.
+
+In front of the church des Innocents was formed a sort of forest in
+the street, in which was a living stag: when the king came near, the
+stag was hunted by dogs and huntsmen,--and, after a long chace, it took
+refuge near the feet of the king's horse, when his majesty saved its
+life.
+
+At the entrance of the gate of the Châtelet was another scaffold, on
+which was a representation of king Henry clothed in a robe of flower
+de luces, and having two crowns on his head. On his right hand were
+figures to personate the duke of Burgundy and the count de Nevers
+presenting him with the shield of France: on his left, were his uncle
+the duke of Bedford, the earls of Warwick and Salisbury presenting him
+with the shield of England. Each person was dressed in his own proper
+tabard of arms.
+
+The king thence went to the palace, where the holy relics were
+displayed to him and to his company, and was then conducted to the
+hôtel des Tournelles to partake of a repast. When he had dined, he
+went to visit the queen his grandmother at the hôtel de St Pol. On the
+morrow, he was carried to the castle of Vincennes, where he remained
+until the 15th day of December, when he returned to the palace.
+
+On the 17th of that month, he went from the palace in great pomp, and
+attended by a numerous body of nobles and ecclesiastics, to the church
+of Nôtre Dame for his coronation. In the nave of the church had been
+erected a scaffold eight score feet long, and of a proper height, which
+was ascended from the nave, and led to the entrance of the choir.
+
+The king was crowned by the cardinal of Winchester, who also chaunted
+the mass, to the great displeasure of the bishop of Paris, who said
+that that office belonged to him. At the offertory, the king made an
+offering of bread and wine in the usual manner. The wine was in a
+large pot of silver gilt, which was seized on by the king's officers,
+to the discontent of the canons of the cathedral, who claimed it as
+their perquisite; and they urged their complaints before the king and
+council, who, after it had cost them much in this claim, caused it to
+be returned to them.
+
+All the other ceremonies usual at coronations were this day performed,
+but more after the english than the french mode; and the lords before
+named were about the person of the king, and serving him while in the
+church according to their several offices.
+
+When mass was over, the king returned to the palace, and dined at
+the table of marble in the midst of the hall. On one side of him
+were seated the cardinal of Winchester, master Peter Cauchon, bishop
+of Beauvais, master John de Mailly, bishop of Noyon; and on the
+opposite side were the earls of Stafford, Mortimer and Salisbury, as
+representing the peers of France. Sir John, bastard de St Pol, was
+grand master of the household; and with him, preceding the meats, were
+sir Gilles de Clamecy, sir Guy le Bouteiller, and sir John de Pressy.
+The lord de Courcelles was on that day grand butler, and sir James de
+Painel grand pantler: an english knight, called sir Walter Hungerford,
+carved before the king.
+
+During the dinner, four pageants were introduced: the first was a
+figure of our Lady, with an infant king crowned by her side; the
+second, a flower de luce, surmounted with a crown of gold, and
+supported by two angels; the third, a lady and peacock; the fourth, a
+lady and swan. It would be tiresome was I to relate all the various
+meats and wines, for they were beyond number. Many pieces of music were
+played on divers instruments; and on the morrow a gallant tournament
+was held at the hôtel de St Pol, where the earl of Arundel and the
+bastard de St Pol won the prizes, and gained the applause of the ladies
+for being the best tilters. King Henry, having made some days' stay at
+Paris, departed, and went to Rouen.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 5: _Nine worthies._ According to the Encyclopedie, vol. iv.
+supplement, the _neuf-preux_ were named Joshua, Gideon, Samson, David,
+Judas Macchabeus, Alexander, Julius Cæsar, Charlemagne and Godefroy de
+Bouillon. For further particulars, I refer to the Encyclopedie, where
+mention is made of this procession to meet Henry VI.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XI.
+
+ THE DETACHMENT THE DUKE OF BAR HAD LEFT TO BLOCKADE VAUDEMONT MARCH
+ AWAY ON HEARING OF THE ILL SUCCESS OF THE BATTLE.
+
+
+Very soon after the defeat of the duke of Bar and his army, news of it
+was carried to the French before Vaudemont by those who had escaped;
+and it caused such an alarm among them that they instantly took to
+flight in a most disorderly manner, each man imagining the enemy at his
+heels, and leaving behind the artillery, stores and provision, that had
+been intrusted to their guard, and which were in great abundance.
+
+The garrison, observing the confusion and disorder in the camp of the
+besiegers, concluded that the duke of Bar had been conquered, and
+instantly sallying out on horseback and on foot made a great slaughter,
+and took many prisoners. They gained so much that they were all
+enriched.
+
+Intelligence of this defeat was spread throughout the countries of Bar
+and Lorraine, and that their lord had been made prisoner, which caused
+the severest grief to all attached to him. The place where this battle
+had been fought was called Villeman; and from that day it bore the name
+of the Battle of Villeman.
+
+The count de Vaudemont was lavish in his thanks and praises to the
+marshal of Burgundy and the other lords and gentlemen who had so
+essentially aided him. He then returned to his country, and the
+marshal, with his Burgundians and Picards, to Burgundy, carrying with
+him the duke of Bar, whom he placed under a good guard at Dijon.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XII.
+
+ SIR JOHN DE LUXEMBOURG ASSEMBLES MEN AT ARMS AND MARCHES INTO
+ CHAMPAGNE AGAINST THE FRENCH, FROM WHOM HE CONQUERS SEVERAL
+ CASTLES.--OTHER MATTERS.
+
+
+In the month of July, of this year, sir John de Luxembourg, count de
+Ligny, assembled, by orders from king Henry and the duke of Burgundy,
+about a thousand combatants, whom he led into the countries of
+Champagne and the Rethelois, to conquer some castles held by the troops
+of king Charles, which had much harrassed those parts.
+
+Sir John was accompanied by the lord de Ternant and the Rethelois;
+and his first attack was on the castle of Guetron, in which were
+from sixty to four score of king Charles's men, who, perceiving the
+superiority of the enemy, were so much frightened that they permitted
+them to gain the lower court without offering any resistance; and,
+shortly after, they opened a parley, and proposed to surrender the
+place on having their lives and fortunes spared. This offer was
+refused,--and they were told they must surrender at discretion. In the
+end, however, it was agreed to by the governor, that from four to six
+of his men should be spared by sir John.
+
+When this agreement had been settled, and pledges given for its
+performance, the governor re-entered the castle, and was careful
+not to tell his companions the whole that had passed at the
+conference,--giving them to understand in general, that they were to
+march away in safety; but when the castle was surrendered, all within
+it were made prisoners. On the morrow, by orders from sir John de
+Luxembourg, they were all strangled, and hung on trees hard by, except
+the four or six before mentioned,--one of their companions serving for
+the executioner.
+
+An accident befel one of them, which is worth relating. The hangman was
+in such haste that the cord, as he was turned off the ladder, hitched
+under his chin, and thus suspended him, while the executioner went on
+to complete the sentence on others. Some of the gentlemen standing
+by took compassion on him,--and one of them, with a guisarme, cut
+the cord: he fell to the ground and soon recovered his senses. The
+spectators then entreated sir John to have pity on him for the love
+of God, and to spare his life, which request was at length complied
+with,--and he went away in safety.
+
+Sir John de Luxembourg, having executed justice on these marauders,
+marched away with his army, but not before he had demolished the castle
+of Guetron, to the castle of Tours en Porcien.[6] He remained before it
+some days, during which the captain capitulated to deliver it up, with
+the exception of the cannon, on being allowed to march off unmolested,
+but without any baggage. Some, who had formerly taken the oaths to
+king Henry, were hung, and the castle was razed to the ground.
+
+Thence sir John marched to a castle called Bahin: the captain thereof
+was one Barete, who soon offered to surrender, on condition that he
+himself and his garrison might have their lives spared, and be allowed
+to depart with their baggage, which terms were accepted.
+
+At this time, the earl of Warwick's son joined sir John, with sir
+Gilles de Clamecy and four hundred combatants, to assist him should
+there be occasion; but as the French were not in sufficient force in
+Champagne and those parts to resist, they returned shortly after to
+Meaux in Brie, and to the other garrisons whence they had come.
+
+Sir John reduced to obedience many other places and towns that had been
+held for king Charles,--some by treaty, others by force of arms.
+
+At this period, the lord de l'Isle-Adam, who was decorated with the
+duke of Burgundy's order of the Golden Fleece, was appointed, by the
+king of England and his council, marshal of France. He assembled about
+six hundred fighting men, part of whom were English; and in conjunction
+with the bastard de St. Pol, and one of his own brothers, he led them
+to the town of Lagny sur Marne, then possessed by king Charles's party,
+thinking to conquer it by surprise,--but it was too well defended by
+those to whose guard it had been intrusted.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 6: Porcien,--a principality in Champagne.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XIII.
+
+ THE DUKE D'ALENÇON MAKES THE CHANCELLOR OF BRITTANY PRISONER.
+
+
+This year, the duke d'Alençon made his uncle's chancellor of Brittany
+prisoner, because he would not assist him with money according to
+his pleasure, for his ransom when captured at the battle of Vermeuil
+in Perche, which he looked to obtain from the chancellor. He carried
+him prisoner to his town of Poussay. But in a short time, the duke of
+Brittany, being much exasperated at such conduct, assembled his barons
+and a large force of men at arms, whom, with some english captains,
+he marched to the town of Poussay, and besieged it all round,--but
+the duke d'Alençon had quitted it from fear of his enemies: he had,
+however, left there his duchess, daughter to the duke of Orleans, then
+a prisoner in England, who was ill in child-bed, and sorely vexed at
+these matters.
+
+The siege was carried on for some time; but at length, the duke of
+Alençon, on account of the situation of the duchess, and to prevent
+his town and subjects being further harrassed, made peace with his
+uncle, and restored to him his chancellor and the others whom he had
+made prisoners. Thus was the siege broken up. The duke had taken the
+chancellor prisoner at a country-seat which he had near to Nantes,--and
+his object was to get paid a certain sum of money that his uncle, the
+duke of Brittany, was indebted to him.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XIV.
+
+ THE FRENCH ARE NEAR TAKING THE CASTLE OF ROUEN.
+
+
+On the 3d day of February in this year, at the solicitations of the
+marshal de Bousac, the lord de Fontaines, sir John Foulquet, the lord
+de Mouy, and other captains assembled a force of about six hundred
+fighting men in the city of Beauvais. They marched thence to within a
+league of Rouen, and posted themselves in ambush in a wood.
+
+Thence the marshal sent off secretly a gentleman called Richarville
+with a hundred or six score combatants, all on foot, except four or
+five who were mounted on small horses, to the castle of Rouen, in which
+the marshal had for some time kept up a correspondence with a marauder
+on the part of the English named Pierre Audeboeuf, a Béarn man, who had
+promised to deliver up the castle to him.
+
+When Richarville and his detachment approached the castle, he found the
+Béarnman ready to perform his promise; and they all entered, except a
+few who were left to guard the horses. They instantly made themselves
+masters of the greater part of the castle, and particularly the great
+tower, which was well supplied with stores.
+
+The earl of Arundel and many English were in bed in the castle, most
+part of whom saved themselves as well as they could over the walls: the
+others retired within the town, but not without leaving several killed
+and wounded by the French.
+
+When this was done, Richarville mounted his horse, and hastened back
+with all speed to where he had left the marshal, and told him the
+success of his enterprise, requiring him, at the same time, to advance
+quickly to the support of his men, when, without doubt, the whole of
+the castle would be won. But, to make short of the matter,--for all
+that he could say, and notwithstanding the urgency of the case which
+he stated to the commanders, he could not prevail on them to march,
+although the marshal and the principal captains had most faithfully
+promised to support him, if he should succeed in making a lodgement
+within the castle: now he had succeeded, they would not fulfil their
+engagements; and when within one league, as I have said, of Rouen, they
+began to quarrel among themselves about the division of the plunder,
+which had not as yet been won.
+
+These disputes caused them to march back without proceeding further,
+and leave part of their men in the utmost danger. Richarville seeing
+this, and knowing that he had successfully done his duty, abused them
+in the coarsest terms, which they very patiently suffered, and hastened
+their departure.
+
+They returned to Beauvais and the other places whence they had come, to
+the great vexation of Richarville, who had flattered himself that he
+should conquer the castle of Rouen. He remonstrated with several who
+had friends and relatives within the town of Rouen, but in vain: they
+marched away with the others to Beauvais.
+
+While this was passing, the French were exerting themselves to drive
+the English without the gates of the castle, which they had gained
+possession of; but when day appeared, and they heard nothing of their
+army, they began to fear they should not be supported, and that
+they had been deceived in the promises made them. They were much
+surprised and cast down; and, on the other hand, the English were
+hourly increasing, and attacking them with great courage. They were
+accompanied by many of the townsmen, for fear they might be suspected
+of favouring the French.
+
+The French, finding they were not in sufficient force to defend all
+they had conquered, with one accord retired to the great tower, with
+all the provision they could lay hands on, and determined to hold out
+until death. They were, however, soon attacked on all sides, by the
+cannon and engines the English brought against it, which damaged it
+in many places. Those within were in a few days much straitened for
+provision and other things, which forced them, having now no hopes of
+relief, to surrender at discretion to king Henry and his council, after
+having held out for twelve days.
+
+Before they were conquered, they had done much mischief to the English
+by the artillery they found within the tower, and that which they had
+transported thither. They were all made prisoners, and put under a
+good guard; and shortly after, one hundred and fifty were beheaded in
+Rouen,--and Pierre Audeboeuf was quartered, and his body affixed at the
+usual places.
+
+About this period, the duke of Burgundy marched a thousand combatants
+from his country of Artois to Burgundy, where he remained three days
+to visit those parts that had been much harrassed by the enemy. While
+there, he was waited on by the archbishop of Rheims and other notable
+ambassadors from king Charles, to treat of a peace between them; but as
+they could not conclude on terms, they returned to the king. When the
+duke of Burgundy had ordered proper measures for the government of that
+country he returned to Artois, Flanders and Brabant.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XV.
+
+ THE FRENCH TAKE THE CASTLE OF DOMMART IN PONTHIEU, AND CARRY OFF THE
+ LORD DE DOMMART PRISONER.
+
+
+In the month of February, a party of king Charles's men, to the amount
+of fourscore combatants, under the command of a noble knight called sir
+Regnault de Verseilles, collected from Beauvais, Breteuil, and other
+places, crossed the river Somme in small boats near to Pequigny, and
+were thence conducted to the castle of Dommart in Ponthieu, to the
+walls of which, without being perceived by the guard, they fastened
+their ladders and gained an entrance.
+
+They instantly shouted, 'The castle is won!' and began to batter down
+doors and windows. This noise awakened the inhabitants, and especially
+the lord, sir James de Craon, who was in bed with his wife. He suddenly
+arose, thinking to put an end to it, but it was in vain; for his
+enemies were too powerful, and his men, who were not very numerous,
+could not collect together. He and the greater part of them were made
+prisoners: the rest escaped over the walls.
+
+The French, after having gained possession, packed up all the moveables
+they could find within the castle, such as gold and silver plate,
+furs, clothes, linen, and other things, which, after having refreshed
+themselves, they carried away, with their prisoners, by the way they
+had come, leaving the castle in the same outward state as they had
+found it.
+
+In the mean time, the inhabitants of the town of Dommart, hearing the
+noise in the castle, collected together, and sent notice of what had
+passed to Pequigny and to other places. It was not long, before nearly
+two hundred men of all sorts were assembled, who pursued the French
+with such haste, that they overtook them at the place where they had
+before passed the Somme, and instantly attacked them. They were soon
+defeated: part were made prisoners or killed, and the others were
+drowned in attempting to cross the river. However, sir Regnault had
+crossed the Somme before they came up with them, with his prisoner sir
+James de Craon, and carried him, without any opposition, to Beauvais,
+whence he afterward obtained his liberty by paying a large sum of money.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XVI.
+
+ SIR THOMAS KIRIEL, AN ENGLISHMAN, IS APPOINTED GOVERNOR OF THE CASTLE
+ OF CLERMONT IN THE BEAUVOISIS.
+
+
+This year, through the intrigues of sir John de Luxembourg, the strong
+castle of Beauvoisis was given to the command of sir Thomas Kiriel, an
+Englishman,--which castle had been long held by the lord de Crevecoeur,
+under the duke of Burgundy. The duke had consented to this appointment,
+on sir Thomas giving sir John de Luxembourg a promise, under his hand
+and seal, that he would yield it up whenever required.
+
+Sir Thomas soon collected a large company of English, whom he placed
+in this castle, and carried on a severe warfare against the towns on
+the French frontier, such as Creil, Beauvais, Compiègne and others. In
+like manner, did they act in regard to the castlewicks of Mondidier and
+other places under the obedience of the duke of Burgundy.
+
+In truth, during these tribulations, they made many prisoners, and
+even carried off women, as well noble as not, whom they kept in close
+confinement until they ransomed themselves. Several of them who were
+with child were brought to bed in their prison. The duke of Burgundy
+was very angry at such things being done to those under his obedience,
+but could not obtain redress; for when he demanded the restitution of
+the castle according to sir Thomas's promise and agreement, he put
+off the matter with different reasons for delay, such as soldiers
+readily find, who often, on certain occasions, follow their own will.
+In short, after many delays, the duke of Bedford, in compliment to his
+brother-in-law the duke of Burgundy, ordered sir Thomas to deliver up
+the castle of Clermont to the lord d'Auffremont.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XVII.
+
+ THE INHABITANTS OF CHAUNY-SUR-OISE DESTROY THE CASTLE OF THEIR TOWN.
+
+
+About the same time, sir Colart de Mailly, bailiff for king Henry in
+the Vermandois, and sir Ferry de Mailly, resided at the castle of
+Chauny sur Oise, the lawful inheritance of Charles duke of Orleans, a
+prisoner in England. Sir Ferry happened to say some things not very
+respectful, in regard to the townsmen, which alarmed them lest he might
+introduce a stronger garrison of English into the castle by the back
+gate than would be agreeable to them, and reduce them the more under
+his subjection.
+
+They, consequently, held some secret meetings of the principal
+inhabitants, namely, John de Longueval, Matthew de Longueval his
+brother, Pierre Piat and others, who bound themselves by a solemn oath
+to gain possession of the castle, and demolish it, the first day that
+sir Colart and sir Ferry de Mailly should be in the town.
+
+Having arranged their plan, they posted some few of their accomplices
+near to the gate of the castle, properly instructed how to act. When
+they saw the two knights, with their attendants, quit the castle to
+amuse themselves in the town, as was their usual custom, they crossed
+the drawbridge, the guard having no suspicion of them, and instantly
+raised it and gained possession of the place. The guard was greatly
+vexed, but there was no remedy; and those in the secret within the
+town, instantly on hearing what had passed, rang the alarm bell,
+and, arming themselves with staves and what weapons they could find,
+hastened to the castle, wherein they were instantly admitted.
+
+Some of the principal inhabitants waited on the two knights to assure
+them they needed not be under any apprehension for their persons or
+property; that all their effects should be strictly restored to them,
+for what they were about was for the good and security of the town. The
+knights, seeing there was no alternative, replied, that since it could
+not be otherwise, they would act according to their pleasure; and, much
+discontented with what was passing, they retired with their friends to
+a house in the town, where all their property was delivered to them.
+
+The inhabitants, with one accord, followed up the destruction of the
+castle, so that within a very few days it was demolished from top to
+bottom.
+
+Shortly after, the bailiff of the Vermandois and his brother quitted
+the town of Chauny,--and in their stead sir John de Luxembourg first
+sent sir Hector de Flavy to govern them, and then Waleran de Moreul;
+but, after what the inhabitants had done, they found them more inclined
+to disobedience than before the castle was demolished.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XVIII.
+
+ THE CITY OF CHARTRES IS CONQUERED BY KING CHARLES'S PARTY.
+
+
+On the 20th day of April, in this year, was won the noble city of
+Chartres by the arms of king Charles. This city had followed the party
+of dukes John and Philip of Burgundy since the year 1417, when she
+first attached herself to duke John, and afterward to the English party.
+
+The taking of it was owing to two of the inhabitants, named Jean
+Conseil and le Petit Guillemin, who had formerly been prisoners to
+the French, with whom they had resided a long time, and had been so
+well treated by them that they had turned to their side. They had made
+frequent journeys, with passports from the French, to Blois, Orleans,
+and other places under their obedience, with different merchandise,
+bringing back to Chartres other articles in exchange.
+
+There was also within Chartres a jacobin doctor of divinity, called
+Friar Jean Sarragin, of their way of thinking, who was the principal
+director of their machinations, and to whom they always had recourse.
+Having formed their plan, when the day arrived for its execution, the
+French collected in different parts a force amounting in the whole to
+four thousand men, the principal leaders of which were the lord de
+Gaucourt, the bastard of Orleans, Blanchet d'Estouteville, sir Florent
+de Lers, La Hire, Girard de Felins, and other chiefs of inferior rank.
+
+They began their march toward Chartres, and, when within a quarter
+of a league, they formed an ambuscade of the greater number of their
+men. Others, to the amount of forty or fifty, advanced still nearer
+the town; and the two men before named, who were the plotters of this
+mischief, were driving carriages laden with wine and other things,
+especially a great quantity of shad fish. Some expert and determined
+men at arms were dressed as drivers of these carriages, having their
+arms concealed under their frocks.
+
+So soon as the gate leading to Blois was opened, these carriages
+advanced to enter, led on by Jean Conseil and Petit Guillemin. The
+porters at the gate, knowing them well, asked what news. They said they
+knew none but what was good,--on which the porters bade them welcome.
+Then, the better to deceive them, Jean Conseil took a pair of shad,
+and, giving them to the porters, said, 'There's for your dinner: accept
+of them with our thanks,--for we often make you and others wait for us
+to shut and open the gates and barriers.'
+
+While this conversation was passing, those disguised as carters
+suddenly armed themselves and fell on the porters, killed part of them,
+and gained possession of the gate. Then making the signal that had been
+agreed on, the whole army that was in ambuscade quickly advanced, and
+began their march into the town in handsome order, completely armed,
+and with displayed banners before them.
+
+Those of the porters who had escaped into the town gave the alarm to
+the inhabitants, who instantly, and in many places, cried 'To arms!'
+The burghers and commonalty immediately assembled; but unfortunately
+the said jacobin friar had been preaching to them in a very popular
+strain some days before; and had requested that they would hear a
+sermon of his, which would greatly profit their souls if attended to;
+and he had fixed on this very morning to preach it, at a remote part of
+the town, the most distant from the gate where the attempt was to be
+made.
+
+At the moment when the alarm was given, the majority of the inhabitants
+were attending to the friar's sermon; but on hearing the cries, 'To
+arms!' often repeated, they were greatly frightened, and hastened to
+their homes as speedily as they could. Very many of them armed, and
+with staves joined their bishop and their governor, who led them to
+where the French were, intending to drive them out of the town; but it
+was too late, for the French were much superior in numbers, well armed,
+and accustomed to war. They were beside far advanced within the town
+when the inhabitants met them,--and the French, the more to deceive
+them, shouted out, 'Peace! peace!' as they pushed forward in handsome
+array, discharging their arrows. Some shot passed on each side; but
+it lasted not long, for, to complete their misfortune, William de
+Villeneuve, captain of the garrison, instead of leading them to battle,
+perceiving the business was so far advanced, mounted his horse, and,
+with about a hundred of his men, fled in haste through the opposite
+gate, and multitudes of people with him. Those who remained were soon
+defeated, without offering further resistance.
+
+The French having advanced to the market-place, and seeing none to
+oppose them, held a council, and detached parties through the streets,
+to discover if any of the enemy were preparing for resistance; but
+every one fled before them, and saved himself as well he could.
+
+In consequence of this attack, about sixty or four score of the
+townsmen lost their lives,--the principal person of whom was master
+Jean de Festigny, a native of Burgundy, the bishop. From five to
+six hundred were made prisoners: the chief was master Gilles de
+l'Aubespine, who governed the town for the English.
+
+All who were taken, churchmen or burghers, were forced to pay heavy
+ransoms,--and every thing that could be turned into money was seized.
+
+In regard to rapes and other extraordinary acts, they were committed
+according to military usage on a conquered town.
+
+On the morrow, several who had been partisans of the English were
+publicly beheaded; and new magistrates were appointed in the name of
+the king of France, together with a very strong garrison to defend the
+frontier against the English. The commander in chief within the town,
+and of this force, was the bastard of Orleans.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XIX.
+
+ THE CARDINAL OF SANTA CROCE IS SENT BY THE POPE TO FRANCE, TO
+ ENDEAVOUR TO MAKE PEACE BETWEEN THE CONTENDING PARTIES.
+
+
+At this time, our holy father the pope sent to France the cardinal of
+Santa Croce to appease the quarrel between the king of France on the
+one part, and Henry king of England and the duke of Burgundy on the
+other. The cardinal made great exertions to procure a peace, but in
+vain: however, he did succeed by his diligence in establishing a truce
+between the king of France and the duke of Burgundy for six years,--and
+they mutually exchanged assurances of this truce under their hands and
+seals, drawn up in the strongest manner.
+
+The people fondly hoped that this truce would be lasting, and in
+consequence returned to their agricultural labours, restocking their
+farms with cattle and other things: but their joy did not long
+continue, for within the first half year, so bitter were the parties
+against each other, the war recommenced with greater fury than before.
+
+The principal reason for this renewal of war was owing to the French
+seizing some of the burgundian party with the English; and in like
+manner, some poor adventurers among the Burgundians having joined the
+English, and wearing a red cross, made war on the French,--so that by
+these means the truce was broken. Justice was no where attended to, and
+numberless plunderings were daily practised against the lower orders
+of the people and the clergy; for notwithstanding they paid very large
+sums to the leaders of the two parties, according to the country they
+lived in, to enjoy security, and had received from them sealed papers
+as assurances of not being disturbed, no attention was paid to them,
+and thus they had none other resource than to offer up their prayers to
+God for vengeance on their oppressors.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XX.
+
+ THE ENGLISH CONQUER THE BULWARK AT LAGNY-SUR-MARNE.
+
+
+During the month of March of this year, the duke of Bedford, in
+conjunction with the council of king Henry then at Paris, ordered a
+body of men at arms to march and subject to the king's obedience some
+castles held by the French on the borders of the Isle of France, such
+as Mongay, Gournay, and others. They were also commanded to destroy the
+bridge of Lagny sur Marne.
+
+The chief commanders of this force were the earl of Arundel, the
+eldest son of the earl of Warwick, the lord de l'Isle-Adam, marshal of
+France to king Henry, sir John bastard de St Pol, sir Galois d'Aunay
+lord d'Orville, and others. When they left Paris, they were about
+twelve hundred fighting men, having with them abundance of carts and
+carriages, with cannon and other artillery. In a few days, they came
+before the above mentioned castles, which were soon constrained to
+submit. Some of the garrisons marched away in safety, and with part
+of their baggage; while others remained at the discretion of the
+English,--many of whom were executed, and others ransomed.
+
+After these surrenders, the English took the road toward Lagny sur
+Marne; and on their arrival before it, the earl of Arundel had a large
+bombard pointed against the arch of the drawbridge leading to the town,
+which broke it down at the first discharge, so that all communication
+with the bulwark at the opposite end of the bridge was cut off.
+
+The earl now made a fierce attack on this bulwark, and won it,
+notwithstanding the few within defended it with much courage and
+obstinacy. John of Luxembourg, one of the bastards of St Pol, was
+killed at this attack, and others wounded. The English broke down the
+bridge in many places, and, having set the bulwark on fire, retired to
+their quarters.
+
+The English having determined to make an attempt, within a few days,
+on the town of Lagny on different parts at the same time, the earl
+of Arundel remained with a certain number of men for that purpose.
+When the day arrived, and as the marshal and the other captains were
+marching to the assault, sir John de Luxembourg bastard of St Pol, who
+bore for his device, and on his banner, a brilliant sun, said aloud,
+in the hearing of many, that he made a vow to God, that if the sun
+entered the town, he would do the same,--which expression was diversely
+construed by those who heard it.
+
+They advanced gallantly to storm the place; but by the vigilance and
+intrepidity of Huçon Queue, a Scotsman, sir John Foucault, and the
+other captains in the town, they were boldly received, and very many
+of the assailants were killed or severely wounded. They lost also four
+or five of their banners and pennons, which were, by force of arms,
+drawn into the town by their two ends: one was the banner of the lord
+de l'Isle-Adam, and another, having the sun on it, that of the bastard
+de St Pol, who had vowed to enter the place if the sun did. They were
+forced to retreat to their quarters with shame and disgrace.
+
+At the end of three days, the greater part of the men disbanded without
+leave of their captains,--saying that they were losing their time by a
+longer stay, for that they ran a greater risk of loss than gain,--and
+returned to the duke of Bedford at Paris. These English and Burgundians
+had been eight days before Lagny, battering the walls with their
+artillery, before they made this attack.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXI.
+
+ PHILIBERT DE VAUDRAY, GOVERNOR OF TONNERRE, AND THE LORD D'AMONT WAIT
+ ON THE DUKE OF BEDFORD TO SERVE HIM.
+
+
+In these days, Philibert de Vaudray and the lord d'Amont left Burgundy
+with about five hundred men at arms, by command of their lord the duke
+of Burgundy, to aid his brother-in-law the duke of Bedford. They took
+the road through Champagne to gain Picardy; but the French, hearing
+of their intentions, had assembled from seven to eight hundred
+combatants, on their line of march, to combat and to conquer them. They
+were commanded by Yvon de Puys, the bastard de Dampierre, the borgne
+de Remon, and some others, who drew themselves up in battle-array on
+the approach of the Burgundians. These last immediately dismounted to
+defend themselves; but when they were on the point of commencing the
+engagement, the French, who for the greater part had not dismounted,
+suddenly wheeled about in great confusion and fled, but not without
+having some few killed and wounded.
+
+The Burgundians now continued their route unmolested to Picardy, where
+they remained for some time pillaging and devouring the country. They
+thence marched to join the duke of Bedford at Paris.
+
+About this time, the king of Cyprus, in consequence of a long illness
+that had succeeded to his imprisonment by the Saracens, departed
+this life, after having most devoutly received all the sacraments of
+the holy church. With the unanimous consent of the estates of that
+kingdom, he was succeeded by John de Lusignan, his only son by his
+queen Charlotte de Bourbon, who was crowned in the cathedral church of
+Nicosia.
+
+
+
+
+[A.D. 1432.]
+
+CHAP. XXII.
+
+ THE DUKE OF BEDFORD MARCHES A LARGE FORCE TO LAGNY-SUR-MARNE, TO
+ SUPPORT THE ENGLISH AND BURGUNDIANS WHO HAD REMAINED THERE, BUT
+ RETIRES WITHOUT MAKING ANY CONQUEST.
+
+
+At the beginning of this year, the duke of Bedford, styling himself
+regent of France, collected about six thousand combatants from
+different parts under his obedience, whom he marched against the town
+of Lagny sur Marne, held by the supporters of king Charles. There might
+be in that place from eight hundred to a thousand picked and well tried
+men under the orders of a scots captain, called sir Ambrose Love, and
+sir John de Foucault, who valiantly conducted those under their banners.
+
+With the duke of Bedford were the lord de l'Isle-Adam, marshal,
+sir John bastard de St Pol, the bastard d'Aunay, knight and lord of
+Orville, Philibert de Vaudray, the lord d'Amont, and many others of
+notable estate, who had long laid siege to the town, to reduce it to
+the obedience of king Henry.
+
+There were numerous pieces of artillery pointed against the gates and
+walls, which they damaged in many places, and caused the greatest alarm
+to those of the garrison,--for in addition, they were much straitened
+for provisions. The duke of Bedford had them frequently summoned to
+surrender, but they would never listen to it,--for they never lost
+hopes of being relieved by their party, as in fact they afterward were.
+
+The besieged had thrown a bridge of boats over the Marne, for their
+convenience of passing and repassing, and had erected a bulwark at each
+end, the command of which was intrusted to a certain number of men at
+arms.
+
+While these things were passing, the king of France assembled about
+eight hundred combatants, whom he dispatched to Orleans, under the
+command of the marshal de Bousac, the bastard of Orleans, the lord de
+Gaucourt, Rodrique de Villandras, the lord de Saintrailles, and other
+captains of renown, to throw succours into the town of Lagny.
+
+They advanced in a body to Melun, where they crossed the Seine, and
+thence, through Brie, toward Lagny, being daily joined by forces from
+their adjoining garrisons. In the mean time, the duke had so hardly
+pressed the garrison that they had offered to capitulate when the
+French forces arrived.
+
+The duke prepared with diligence to offer battle to the French, and
+sent for reinforcements from all quarters. He ordered his heralds
+at arms to signify to the French his willingness to combat them and
+their allies, if they would fix on the time and place. To this they
+returned no other answer than that, under the pleasure of God and of
+our blessed Saviour, they would not engage in battle but when it should
+be agreeable to themselves, and that they would bring their present
+enterprise to a happy conclusion.
+
+The French advanced in handsome array, in three divisions, to a small
+river within a quarter of a league of the town; and the duke of
+Bedford, having drawn up his army in three divisions also, marched
+thither to defend the passage. When the two armies were near, several
+severe skirmishes took place at different parts: especially on the
+quarter where the heir of Warwick and the lord de l'Isle-Adam were
+posted, a sharp attack was made by Rodrique de Villandras, the lord
+de Saintrailles, and other captains, who were escorting a convoy of
+provision for the town.
+
+In spite of their adversaries, they forced a passage for part of their
+convoy to the very gates, and drove in from twenty to thirty bullocks,
+a number of sacks of flour, and a reinforcement to the garrison of
+about four score men at arms; but this was not effected without great
+effusion of blood, for very many were killed and wounded on both sides.
+
+On the part of the French was killed the lord de Saintrailles, eldest
+brother to Poton de Saintrailles. In another quarter, where sir Thomas
+Kiriel, sir John bastard of St Pol, the lord d'Amont, and Philibert de
+Vaudroy were posted, many gallant deeds were done, and several killed
+and wounded on both sides. The English lost there a gentleman called
+Odart de Remy.
+
+These skirmishes lasted nearly till vespers,--and as it was St
+Laurence's day in August, and very hot, the two armies suffered greatly
+from it. The french captains, perceiving that they could not gain
+any advantage, for the English and Burgundians were strongly posted,
+retreated with their army to Cressy in Brie, where they halted for the
+night, and thence marched to Château Thierry and to Vitry-le-François,
+where they staid four days.
+
+The duke of Bedford, knowing that the French intended entering the Isle
+of France, and fearing they might conquer some of his towns, decamped
+in no very orderly manner from before Lagny, for many things were left
+behind by him, and advanced towards Paris. Having collected his men,
+he followed the French to offer them battle again; but they sent for
+answer, that they had gained what they had come for.
+
+The lord de Gaucourt was of infinite service to the French by his
+wisdom and prudence. The French now left Vitry and returned toward
+Lagny, where the lord de Gaucourt remained: the other captains led
+their men to the garrisons whence they had come. The besieged were
+much rejoiced, and not without cause, at the departure of their
+enemies,--for the siege had lasted upwards of four months, in which
+time they had suffered very great hardships from want of provision and
+other distresses.
+
+At this period, the English lost the castle of Monchas in Normandy,
+belonging to the count d'Eu, prisoner in England, and which they had
+held for a long time. The captain of it was called Brunclay[7], but he
+was at the time with the duke of Bedford at the siege of Lagny. The
+French delivered all of their party confined in the prisons, and sent
+in haste to offer its government to sir Regnault de Fontaines, then
+at Beauvais, who immediately accepted of it, and marched thither with
+about eighty combatants. By means of this castle, a sharp warfare was
+carried on in Vimeu, and the adjacent parts, against all who supported
+the party of king Henry and of the duke of Burgundy.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 7: Brunclay. Q. Brownlow.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXIII.
+
+ THE COMMONALTY OF GHENT RISE AGAINST THEIR MAGISTRATES.
+
+
+At this season, the commonalty of Ghent rose in arms, to the amount of
+fifty thousand, against their magistrates. Having assembled about ten
+o'clock in the morning, they went to the square of the market-place,
+and drew up in front of the hall where the magistrates were. They were
+obliged instantly to speak with them, or they would have forced an
+entrance through the doors and windows.
+
+When the magistrates appeared, they immediately put to death the deacon
+of small trades, called John Boëlle, one of the sheriffs, named Jean
+Daniel van Zenere, with one of the counsellors called Jason Habit. The
+other magistrates were in fear of their lives from the cruelties they
+saw committed before their eyes; the mob, however, were contented with
+what they had done.
+
+The commonalty then marched away in a body for the abbey of Saint
+Pierre, to destroy a wood that was hard by: from thence they went to St
+Barron, to recover some hereditary rents they had paid the church; but
+the abbot, by his prudent conduct and kind words, pacified them, and
+prevented further mischief. He complied with all their requests, and
+gave them abundantly to eat from the provisions of the monastery.
+
+They went away well pleased with the abbot, and then broke into three
+or four houses of the principal burghers, carrying away all they
+thought proper, and destroying the rest of the furniture. They threw
+open the gates of all the prisons of the duke, setting those confined
+at liberty,--more especially one called George Goscath, who was a
+strong partisan of theirs against the magistrates.
+
+After they had thus acted for two days, by the interference of several
+of the chief men in Ghent, they were appeased, and returned quietly to
+their former occupations. During these riots, the duke's officers left
+the town, fearful that the mob would put them death, as they had done
+others; and the duke of Burgundy, by reason of the many weighty affairs
+he had on his hands, was advised to act mercifully toward them. They
+entreated forgiveness of the duke's council, who, on their paying a
+fine, pardoned them, and they afterward remained peaceable.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXIV.
+
+ SIR JOHN BASTARD OF ST POL AND THE LORD DE HUMIERES ARE TAKEN
+ PRISONERS BY THE FRENCH.
+
+
+While these things were passing at Ghent, sir John bastard de St
+Pol and the lord de Humieres marched from Artois, with about sixty
+combatants, to join the duke of Bedford in Paris. They went to
+Mondidier and to l'Isle-Adam, thinking to proceed thence in safety to
+Paris; but they were met by a detachment from the garrison of Creil,
+who had received notice of their intended march, and were instantly
+attacked with such vigour that, in spite of their resistance, they were
+both made prisoners, with the greater part of their men, and carried to
+Creil.
+
+A few saved themselves by flight; and the two knights, after some
+little time, ransomed themselves by paying a large sum of money to
+those who had taken them.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXV.
+
+ GREAT DISORDERS ARE COMMITTED BY THE FRENCH IN THE AMIENNOIS, SANTERRE
+ AND VIMEU.
+
+
+At this time, Blanchefort, who held the castle of Breteuil for king
+Charles of France, did infinite mischief to the countries of Amiens,
+Santerre and Vimeu, by fire, sword and pillaging,--insomuch that most
+of the inhabitants had deserted the country, and retired within the
+fortified towns; for they were by these means deprived of the power of
+paying the tributes levied on them for forbearance.
+
+This party had also repaired some of the castles in Vimeu such as
+Araines, Hornoy and others, in which they posted garrisons, who much
+annoyed the adjacent parts. They were likewise harassed by those of
+the Burgundy-faction. The poor labourers knew not whither to fly, for
+they were not defended by the lords of either party; and what added to
+their distress, sir Philibert de Vaudray and the lord d'Amont, on their
+return from serving the duke of Bedford, took possession of Pont de
+Remy, by driving away the lord de Saveuses' men, who had the guard of
+it.
+
+The lord de Saveuses was very indignant at this conduct, and assembled
+his friends and dependants to expel them thence; but as he found they
+were superior to him in numbers, he gave up the attempt,--and they
+remained in the quiet possession of the post, to the great annoyance of
+the country round.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXVI.
+
+ THE HEIR OF COMMERCY TAKES THE TOWN OF LIGNY IN THE BARROIS, BELONGING
+ TO SIR JOHN DE LUXEMBOURG.
+
+
+In the month of September of this year, the heir of Commercy, who had
+a long standing enmity against sir John de Luxembourg, as well for
+his detaining from him the castle of Montague as for other matters of
+quarrel between them, assembled from divers parts four or five hundred
+combatants, whom he led secretly to Ligny in the Barrois, and, through
+neglect of the guard, took it by scalado.
+
+The town was instantly alarmed, and the majority of the inhabitants
+precipitately withdrew into the castle, which had not been
+conquered,--whence they defended themselves gallantly against the
+enemy, who summoned them repeatedly to surrender. They would never
+listen to the summons, but dispatched messengers in all speed to inform
+sir John de Luxembourg of their distress, and to require his aid.
+Sir John, on hearing this, immediately set clerks to write letters to
+all his friends and relations, to press them most earnestly, from the
+affection they bore him, now to hasten to the succour of his town of
+Ligny. Many of the nobles and gentlemen to whom he had applied made
+instant preparations to attend him, and would have joined him in great
+numbers; but, in the mean time, the young lord of Commercy perceiving
+he could not win the castle, and fearing the great force sir John de
+Luxembourg would march against him, whose power and inclinations he
+well knew, concluded with those in whom he had the greatest confidence
+to return whence they had come. Having thus determined, they packed up
+all the moveables they found in the town that were portable: they set
+the houses on fire, to the grief and dismay of the inhabitants, and
+then marched away with their prisoners to Commercy.
+
+Intelligence of this was instantly sent to sir John de Luxembourg, who
+was grieved at heart on hearing it; and as his plans were now at an
+end, he sent letters to countermand the coming of his friends, and gave
+up his intended expedition.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXVII.
+
+ THE BURGUNDIANS, UNDER PRETENCE OF BEING ENGLISH, GAIN THE CASTLE OF
+ LA BOUE, NEAR TO LAON.--OTHER MATTERS.
+
+
+At this same period, the men of the lord de Ternant, who resided in
+Rethel, dressed themselves with the red cross, to counterfeit being
+English, and, on a certain day, won by stratagem the castle of la Boue,
+within two leagues of Laon. They were under the command of a man at
+arms called Nicholas Chevalier; and, by means of this capture, those of
+Laon, and other places under the obedience of king Charles, suffered
+much.
+
+The reason why they put on the red cross was on account of the truce
+between king Charles and the duke of Burgundy, which was not then
+expired. They had always been of the duke's party; and very many
+mischiefs were done to the poor countrymen by English, French, and
+Burgundians.
+
+The count de Vaudemont, at this time also, assembled three or four
+hundred combatants in Picardy, whom he conducted to his town of
+Vezelize: one of his captains was the bastard de Humieres: and on their
+arrival, they commenced a severe warfare on the Barrois and Lorrainers,
+to whom they did much mischief by fire, sword and plunder.
+
+In the month of October, the duke and duchess of Burgundy went to
+Holland, escorted by about six hundred combatants from Picardy. The
+duke staid there about a month to examine the country,--and during that
+time, a treaty was concluded between his counsellors and those of the
+duchess of Bavaria, by which it was settled that the duke of Burgundy
+should from the present enjoy all the honours, profits, and emoluments
+of the countries of Hainault, Holland, Zealand and Frizeland, with
+their dependancies, as his own hereditary right; but that, should the
+duke die before the said duchess, all these territories were to return
+to her as the legal heiress of them.
+
+Many noble lordships and rich estates were at the same time allotted
+her together with the county of Ostrevant, of which county alone she
+was now to style herself countess, laying aside all the titles of the
+above-named places. When these matters had been finally concluded, the
+duke consented that his cousin the duchess should marry sir François de
+Borselle, which had been secretly treated of between the parties. The
+duke of Burgundy henceforward styled himself, in addition to his former
+titles, Count of Hainault, Holland and Zealand, and lord of Frizeland.
+On the conclusion of this treaty, he returned to Flanders.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXVIII.
+
+ FRIAR THOMAS GOES TO ROME.--HE IS BURNT THERE.
+
+
+In this year, friar Thomas Conette, of the order of Carmelites, whom
+we have before noticed in this history, made many preachings in divers
+parts of Champagne, the which had induced numbers of ladies of high
+rank to lay aside their ridiculous dresses.
+
+He thence journeyed to Rome, during the popedom of Eugenius IV. and
+arrived there with the venetian ambassadors. He was lodged at Saint
+Paul's, whence the pope ordered him to come before him, not with any
+evil intentions toward him, but for him to preach, for he had heard
+much of his renown. He refused twice to attend the holy father, under
+pretence of being ill; and the third time, the pope sent his treasurer
+to bring him.
+
+Friar Thomas, seeing the treasurer enter the house, instantly leaped
+out of the window to escape,--but, being directly pursued, was taken
+and carried before the pope in his palace. The cardinals of Rouen and
+of Navarre were charged to examine him and his doctrines, who, finding
+him guilty of heresy, and of death, he was in consequence sentenced to
+be publicly burnt in the city of Rome.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXIX.
+
+ THE DEATH OF THE DUCHESS OF BEDFORD.
+
+
+In these days, Anne duchess of Bedford and sister to the duke of
+Burgundy lay ill, at the hôtel of the Tournelles in Paris, of a
+lingering disorder, which in spite of all the care of her physicians,
+of whom she had many, carried her off from this life. She was buried in
+the same chapel of the Celestins where Louis, late duke of Orleans, had
+been interred.
+
+The duke of Bedford was sorely afflicted at her death; as were many of
+his party; for they feared that the connexion which had been continued
+by her means with her brother the duke of Burgundy would thereby be
+weakened.
+
+When she died, ambassadors from the three parties, namely, king
+Charles, king Henry, and the duke of Burgundy, were assembled at
+Auxerre, and at Melun, to treat of a peace; but as they could not agree
+upon terms, they separated and returned to their lords.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXX.
+
+ SOME OF THE FRENCH CAPTAINS CROSS THE THE RIVER SOMME, AND OVERRUN
+ ARTOIS.
+
+
+In the beginning of December, captain Blanchefort, sir Anthony de
+Chabannes, the lord de Longueval, sir Carados Desquesnes, and others
+of king Charles's party, assembled about eight hundred or a thousand
+combatants near Breteuil, and thence marched to cross the river Somme
+at Capy. They advanced during the night for Dourlens, whither they had
+sent spies to learn if they could not win it by scalado: but the lord
+de Humieres, having had notice of their intentions, sent in all haste
+to inform the mayor and magistrates, that the French were marching to
+attack their town.
+
+Upon this, they made every preparation for a good defence, and sent a
+messenger to the castle of Beauval, to make the garrison acquainted
+with the above intelligence. The messenger was met just before
+day-break, a quarter of a league from the town by the french scouts,
+by whom he was taken and examined, and they soon learned from him his
+errand. They returned to their main body, which was close in the rear,
+who, hearing what the messenger had said, found their enterprise had
+failed, and returned to the town of Beauquesne. When they had fully
+refreshed themselves, they re-crossed the Somme, and marched back to
+their garrisons with great numbers of prisoners and a rich pillage.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXXI.
+
+ A BENEDICTINE MONK ATTEMPTS TO GAIN THE CASTLE OF ST ANGELO AT ROME.
+
+
+While all these things were passing, a Benedictine, surnamed The Little
+Monk, who had been a great favourite of Pope Martin, and had much
+power during his reign, attached himself, after his decease, to his
+successor, pope Eugenius, and gained the same power under him as he had
+enjoyed before.
+
+Notwithstanding the favour he was in with the pope, he conceived the
+design of betraying him, through the temptations of the devil, as it
+may be supposed, and had connected himself with the prince of Salerno,
+promising to put him in possession of the castle of St Angelo, and
+even of the city of Rome. To effect this, he one day waited on the
+pope to take his leave, saying, that he was going to Avignon to fix
+his residence there for some time. He then requested of the governor
+of the castle of St Angelo to take charge of his coffers, containing
+his wealth, until his return, which the governor assented to, not
+suspecting his treachery.
+
+He ordered twelve cases to be made, capable of holding twelve men,
+which were to be intrusted to the care of two men to each case. When
+all things were ready, the better to succeed in his enterprise, he sent
+a page, who was his own nephew, with letters to one of the prisoners
+confined in the castle of St Angelo, which fortunately fell into the
+hands of the governor, and thus made him acquainted with the whole
+of the plot. He instantly carried them to the pope, who ordered the
+monk to be delivered to the secular power, by whom he was put to the
+torture, and confessed his guilt. He was then condemned to death, and
+hanged on a gibbet and quartered in the principal market-place of Rome.
+
+The prince of Salerno, having failed in his attempt, did not however
+refrain from making open war on the pope within a short time after this
+event.
+
+In these days, an adventurer called Thomelaire, provost of Laon
+for king Charles, won the castle of Passavant, by means of certain
+intelligence with those within it. This was very displeasing to the
+duke of Burgundy, for he was afraid that it would lay open his country
+to the enemy; and he had the place so strongly besieged that those
+who had taken it were forced to surrender at discretion. The said
+Thomelaire and some others were put to death, and the castle razed to
+the ground.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXXII.
+
+ A PEACE IS CONCLUDED BETWEEN THE DUKE OF BAR AND THE COUNT DE
+ VAUDEMONT.
+
+
+In this year, a peace was concluded, through the mediation of the duke
+of Burgundy, between the duke of Bar and the count de Vaudemont.
+
+Each promised to restore to the other whatever castles or towns they
+had won; and it was also agreed, that the eldest son of the count
+should marry the duke's eldest daughter, who was to give her annually
+six thousand francs, and a certain sum in ready money on the day of her
+marriage.
+
+This treaty having been drawn up by their most able counsellors, was
+signed by them, and then they mutually pardoned each other for whatever
+they might have done amiss. The young lady was delivered into the hands
+of the count, and all the articles of the treaty were duly observed,
+to the great joy of their subjects, who now found themselves free from
+all the vexations they had suffered in consequence of the late warfare
+between their lords.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXXIII.
+
+ THE DUCHESS OF BURGUNDY IS BROUGHT TO BED OF A SON IN THE TOWN OF
+ GHENT.
+
+
+On the 14th of April in this year, the duchess of Burgundy was brought
+to bed of a son in the town of Ghent. His godfathers were, the cardinal
+of Winchester, and the counts de St Pol and de Ligny, brothers,--and
+the countess de Meaux was the godmother. He was christened Josse,
+although neither of the godfathers bore that name, but it had been so
+ordered by the duke and duchess. They all presented very rich gifts to
+the child.
+
+This year, the duke, with the consent of the estates, renewed the
+coin; and golden money was struck, called Riddes[8], of the value of
+twenty-four sols in silver coin called Virelans[9]. All the old money
+was called in at a fourth or fifth part of its value, and recoined. At
+this time, there were great quarrels between the towns of Brussels and
+Mechlin, insomuch that a severe war took place between them. In like
+manner, there was much dissention among the Ghent-men, so that several
+officers were banished from the town.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXXIV.
+
+ A PEACE CONCLUDED BETWEEN THE DUKE OF BAR AND THE COUNTS DE ST POL AND
+ DE LIGNY.
+
+
+A treaty of peace now took place between the duke of Bar and the two
+brothers, the counts de St Pol and de Ligny, who had for some time been
+at war,--by which the whole country of Guise, parts of which had been
+conquered by sir John de Luxembourg, count de Ligny, and which was the
+hereditary inheritance of the duke of Bar, was given up to the said sir
+John de Luxembourg, in perpetuity to him and his heirs.
+
+For the greater security of the above, the duke freely gave up the
+castle of Bohain, in the presence of many of his nobles and officers
+of the county of Guise, whom he had ordered thither for the purpose of
+witnessing it, as well as several imperial and apostolical notaries.
+
+There were likewise some discussions relative to Joan de Bar, daughter
+of sir Robert de Bar, count of Marle, and the portion of property she
+was to have in the duchy of Bar, in right of her said father. There
+were also some proposals for a marriage between the second son of the
+count de Saint Pol and one of the youngest daughters of the duke of
+Bar: but these two articles were deferred to the next time of meeting.
+When this negotiation had lasted some days, and the duke had been most
+honourably and grandly feasted by the two brothers in the castle of
+Bohain, he departed thence, according to appearances, highly pleased
+with them, and returned to his duchy.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 8: Riddes,--of the value of five shillings.--Cotgrave.]
+
+[Footnote 9: Virelans. Q.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXXV.
+
+ A WAR TAKES PLACE BETWEEN SIR JOHN AND SIR ANTHONY DU VERGY AND THE
+ LORD DE CHASTEAU-VILAIN.
+
+
+In this same year, a great discord arose between sir John and sir
+Anthony du Vergy, burgundian knights, and the lord de Château-Vilain,
+which ended in an open war. The lord de Château-Vilain, the more to
+annoy his enemies, turned to the party of the king of France, together
+with sir Legier d'Estouteville, Jean de Verpelleurs, and some other
+gentlemen, who had long been his allies and wellwishers. By this
+conduct they broke their oaths to the duke of Burgundy, their natural
+lord, with whom the lord de Château-Vilain had been on the most
+intimate terms.
+
+This lord also returned the badge of the duke of Bedford which he
+had long worn, which made the duke very indignant; and he blamed him
+greatly in the presence of the person who had brought the badge, saying
+that he had thus falsified the oath he had made him.
+
+The duke of Burgundy was likewise very much displeased when it came
+to his knowledge, and he sent pressing orders to all his captains in
+Burgundy to exert themselves to the utmost in harrassing the lord
+de Château-Vilain. In obeying these orders, the country of Burgundy
+suffered much,--for the lord de Château-Vilain had many castles in
+different parts of it, which he garrisoned with his friends.
+
+By the forces of the duke, assisted by the lords du Vergy and others
+of the nobles of Burgundy, he was so hardly pushed that the greater
+part of his castles were conquered and demolished, namely, Graussy,
+Flongy, Challancy, Villiers le Magnet, Nully, the castle of St Urban,
+Blaise, Saint Vorge, Esclaron, Varville, Cussay, Romay, Vaudemont, and
+Lasoncourt.
+
+The siege of Graussy lasted more than three months under the command
+of Jean du Vergy, the principal in this quarrel, having with him sir
+William de Baufremont, William de Vienne, sir Charles du Vergy, and
+twelve hundred combatants. The lord de Château-Vilain, with the heir of
+Commercy and Robert de Vaudricourt, and sixteen hundred fighting men,
+marched to raise the siege, when a grand skirmish took place, but only
+one man was killed.
+
+The lord de Château-Vilain, however, finding that he could not attempt
+to raise the siege without very great danger from the strength of his
+enemies, retreated to the place whence he had come; and shortly after,
+sir Denis de Sainct-Flour, who commanded within the castle, capitulated
+to surrender the place, on the garrison being allowed to march away in
+safety with their lives and baggage.
+
+Having concluded this treaty, sir Denis went to the king of France, who
+had him beheaded for several charges that had been made against him,
+and also for having put his wife to death.
+
+At this time, some captains of the duke of Burgundy took by storm and
+by scalado the town of Epernai, belonging to Charles duke of Orleans,
+a prisoner in England, in which every disorder was committed as in a
+conquered town.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXXVI.
+
+ A TREATY OF PEACE IS CONCLUDED BETWEEN THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY AND THE
+ LIEGEOIS.
+
+
+At the end of this year, a peace was concluded between the duke of
+Burgundy and the Liegeois. Many meetings had been held before the two
+parties could agree on terms: at last, it was settled that the Liegeois
+should pay the duke one hundred and fifty thousand nobles by way of
+compensation for the damages they had done to his country of Namur by
+demolishing his castles, and other mischiefs. They also consented to
+raze to the ground the tower of Mont-Orgueil, near to Bovines, which
+they held, and which indeed had been the chief cause of the war.
+
+They completely fulfilled all the articles of the treaty; and the
+pledges for their future good conduct were John de Hingsbergh their
+bishop, Jacques de Fosseux, and other nobles of the country of Liege.
+For the more effectual security of this treaty, reciprocal engagements
+were interchanged between the parties; and thus the Liegeois who had
+been in very great alarms and fear, were much rejoiced to have peace
+firmly established throughout their territories.
+
+
+
+
+[A.D. 1433.]
+
+CHAP. XXXVII.
+
+ THE DUKE OF BEDFORD, WHO STYLED HIMSELF REGENT OF FRANCE, MARRIES THE
+ DAUGHTER OF THE COUNT DE SAINT POL.
+
+
+At the commencement of this year, John duke of Bedford espoused, in
+the town of Therouenne, Jacquilina, eldest daughter to Pierre de
+Luxembourg count de St Pol, and niece to Louis de Luxembourg bishop of
+Therouenne, chancellor of France for king Henry, and also to sir John
+de Luxembourg.
+
+This marriage had been long negociated by the bishop, who was very
+eager to bring it about, and he was at that time the principal minister
+and adviser of the said duke. The duke of Burgundy was not in that
+country when it was solemnized,--but hearing of it on his return, he
+was displeased with the count de St Pol for having thus, without his
+knowledge or advice, disposed of his daughter.
+
+The wedding-feasts were celebrated in the episcopal palace of
+Therouenne; and for the joy and happiness the duke felt in this match
+(for the damsel was handsome, well made and lively), and that it might
+be long had in remembrance, he presented to the church of Therouenne
+two magnificent bells of great value, which he had sent thither from
+England at his own cost.
+
+Some days after the feasts were over, he departed from Therouenne.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXXVIII.
+
+ THE TOWN OF ST VALERY, IN PONTHIEU, IS WON BY THE FRENCH.
+
+
+At this time, sir Louis de Vaucourt and sir Regnault de Versailles,
+attached to king Charles, accompanied by about three hundred
+combatants, surprised about day-break, and took by scalado the town of
+St Valery in Ponthieu. The town was governed for the duke of Burgundy
+by Jean de Brimeu, and great mischiefs were done there by the French
+according to their custom of dealing with conquered towns.
+
+The capture of this place alarmed the whole country round, and not
+without cause; for within a few days they greatly reinforced themselves
+with men at arms, and commenced a severe war on all attached to the
+English or Burgundians. The most part of those in the neighbourhood
+entered into an agreement for security with them, for which they paid
+heavy sums of money.
+
+At this time also, by means of Perrinet Crasset, governor of la
+Charité on the Loire for king Henry, was that town and castle given up.
+It was strongly situated, and had not been conquered during the whole
+of the war.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XXXIX.
+
+ THE DUKES OF BEDFORD AND OF BURGUNDY GO TO SAINT OMER.
+
+
+Toward the end of May in this year, the dukes of Bedford and of
+Burgundy went to St Omer to confer together on several public matters,
+and to consider on certain angry expressions that had been used and
+reported on both sides. The cardinal of England was with the duke
+of Bedford, and very desirous to bring these two dukes to a right
+understanding with each other. However, though these two noble princes
+were come to Saint Omer for this purpose, and though it had been
+settled that they were to meet at an appointed time without either
+being found to wait on the other; nevertheless, the duke of Bedford
+expected that the duke of Burgundy should come to him at his lodgings,
+which he would not do. Many of their lords went from the one to the
+other to endeavour to settle this matter of ceremony, but in vain.
+
+At length, the cardinal waited on the duke of Burgundy, and, drawing
+him aside, said in an amicable manner, 'How is this, fair nephew, that
+you refuse to compliment a prince who is son and brother to a king, by
+calling on him, when he has taken so much trouble to meet you in one
+of your own towns, and that you will neither visit nor speak to him?'
+The duke replied, that he was ready to meet him at the place appointed.
+After a few more words, the cardinal returned to the duke of Bedford;
+and within a short time, the two dukes departed from St Omer without
+any thing further being done, but more discontented with each other
+than before.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XL.
+
+ THE DEATH OF JOHN DE TOISY BISHOP OF TOURNAY.--GREAT DISSENTIONS
+ RESPECTING THE PROMOTION TO THE VACANT BISHOPRICK.
+
+
+In this year, died in the town of Lille, at a very advanced age,
+master John de Toisy bishop of Tournay, and president of the duke of
+Burgundy's council. John de Harcourt, bishop of Amiens, was nominated
+by the holy father the pope to succeed him, which much displeased the
+duke of Burgundy, for he was desirous to have promoted to it one of
+his counsellors, called master John Chevrot, archdeacon of the Vexin
+under the church of Rouen. The duke had spoken on this subject to the
+bishop of Amiens, that when it should become vacant he might not apply
+for it; and it was reported, that de Harcourt had promised not to
+accept thereof. However, when he had been translated to Tournay, the
+duke ordered all his subjects, in Flanders and elsewhere, not to pay
+him any obedience; and in addition, the whole, or greater part of the
+revenues of the bishoprick were transferred to the duke, to the great
+sorrow of the bishop. Hoping, nevertheless, to devise some means for a
+reconcilement, he resided a long time in Tournay as a private person,
+where he was obeyed, and much beloved by the burghers and inhabitants.
+
+During this interval, the archbishoprick of Narbonne became vacant,
+and, through the solicitations of the duke of Burgundy, it was given
+to John de Harcourt by the pope, and the bishoprick of Tournay to the
+before-mentioned Jean de Chevrot. This translation was made by the holy
+father to please all parties, more especially the duke of Burgundy;
+but it was very unsatisfactory to Jean de Harcourt, who refused to be
+translated, saying, that the pope had only done it to deprive him of
+his bishoprick of Tournay.
+
+The duke, seeing that he would not comply, was more angered against
+him and the townsmen of Tournay than before, and in consequence,
+forbade his subjects to carry any provisions to Tournay, under pain
+of confiscation and corporal punishment. He had it also proclaimed,
+that all persons should give to his officers information where any
+property lay belonging to the burghers of that town, that it might be
+confiscated.
+
+Very many mischiefs were done for the space of four or five years, on
+account of this discord. During which time, the count d'Estampes was
+sent into Tournay with a large company of knights and esquires, to take
+possession of the bishoprick for Jean de Chevrot, although John de
+Harcourt was in the town. It happened therefore, that when the count
+d'Estampes had ordered master Stephen Vivien to take possession of the
+cathedral, the greater part of the townsmen, to shew their discontent
+at the proceeding, rose in rebellion, and advanced to the cathedral,
+where Vivien, seated on the episcopal throne, was going through all the
+ceremonies and acts that he had been ordered to do in the name of Jean
+Chevrot, in taking possession of the bishoprick.
+
+The populace no sooner witnessed what he was about than they rudely
+pushed him from the throne, and tore his surplice and other parts of
+his dress. Many, in their rage, would have put him to death if the
+officers of justice had not laid hands on him and carried him off
+as their prisoner, giving the crowd to understand that he should be
+judicially punished to their satisfaction.
+
+John de Harcourt, on whose account this riot had been raised,
+restrained them as much as he could by gentle remonstrances, and
+begging of them to return to their houses, for that all would end well,
+and he would legally keep possession of his bishoprick. After some
+little time, the commonalty retired, and the magistrates and principal
+inhabitants made the best excuses they could to the count d'Estampes
+for this riot,--for they were afraid they should fare the worse for it
+in times to come. The count d'Estampes, finding nothing effectual could
+be done, departed, and returned to the duke of Burgundy at Arras, and
+told him all that had passed in Tournay. He was much vexed thereat,
+and issued stricter orders than before to distress the town, so that
+from this quarrel respecting the two bishops very many persons suffered
+great tribulations.
+
+Even after the peace was concluded between king Charles and the duke
+of Burgundy, the king was much displeased at the conduct of the duke
+respecting Tournay, and was desirous of supporting the claim of John de
+Harcourt.
+
+John de Harcourt perceiving that the duke was obstinately bent on
+having Jean de Chevrot bishop of Tournay, and that he should not be
+allowed to enjoy peaceably the revenues of the bishoprick, and that
+withal his lands in Hainault had been seized on and confiscated by the
+duke, departed from Tournay, and went with a few attendants to the
+king, who gave him a most gracious reception, and he then continued his
+journey to his archbishoprick of Narbonne. Thus did Jean de Chevrot
+gain the bishoprick of Tournay, who sent thither, to take possession,
+a canon of Cambray, named master Robert d'Auclair. He was at this time
+very courteously received there, and obeyed as his procurator.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XLI.
+
+ THE FRENCH MAKE MANY CONQUESTS ON THE CONFINES OF BURGUNDY.
+
+
+About this time, ambassadors were sent from the three estates of the
+duchy and county of Burgundy to the duke, to remonstrate with him on
+the great damages the partisans of king Charles were doing to his
+country by fire and sword, more especially his brother-in-law the
+duke of Bourbon. They told him, that they had already taken by force
+many towns and castles, and were daily making further inroads into
+the country, which must be totally destroyed unless a speedy remedy
+was applied. They concluded by requesting most humbly, that he would,
+out of his grace, raise a sufficient body of men, and that he would
+personally march to their assistance.
+
+The duke, having heard their harangue, assembled his council, and then
+determined to collect men at arms from all his dependancies in Brabant,
+Flanders, Artois, Hainault and other parts. Clerks were instantly
+employed to write letters to the different lords, knights and esquires,
+who had usually served him in his wars, to assemble as many men at arms
+and archers as they could raise, and be ready to march with him at the
+beginning of the month of May, whither he might be pleased to lead
+them. The captains, on receiving these orders from their prince, made
+every diligence to obey them; and several soon brought their men into
+the field, which harrassed much the countries of Picardy, Ponthieu,
+Artois, Tournesis, Ostrevant, Cambresis, Vermandois and the adjoining
+parts, for the duke had not been equally diligent in completing
+his preparations, so that these men remained wasting the countries
+aforesaid for upwards of a month.
+
+At the end of May, the duke having assembled, from divers parts,
+a great quantity of carriages, stores and artillery, set out from
+the town of Arras on the 20th day of June, attended by many of his
+captains. He was also accompanied by his duchess, who had a numerous
+attendance of ladies and damsels, to the amount of more than forty; and
+they were lodged in Cambray, where sir John de Luxembourg met him, and
+requested that he would come to his castle of Bohain, to which the duke
+assented.
+
+On the morrow, when the duke and duchess had heard mass in the church
+of our Lady at Cambray, and afterward taken some refreshment, they set
+out for the castle of Bohain, where they were joyfully and honourably
+received by sir John de Luxembourg, count de Ligny, and the countess
+his lady. They and their attendants were plentifully and nobly served
+with all sorts of provisions that were in season; and they remained
+there for two days, taking their pleasures in the chace and other
+amusements.
+
+In the mean time, the captains and men at arms advanced into the
+Rhetelois. The duke and duchess, on leaving Bohain, went to Peronne,
+and thence through Champagne, passing near to Rheims. There were with
+him full six thousand combatants, as well men at arms as archers, the
+principal leaders of whom were the lord de Croy, sir John de Croy his
+brother, sir John de Hornes seneschal of Brabant, the lord de Crequi
+and his brother, sir John bastard de St Pol, his brother Louis, the
+lord de Humieres, sir Baudo de Noyelle, the lord de Crevecoeur, Robert
+de Neufville, Lancelot de Dours, Harpin de Richammes, and many other
+nobles, as well knights as esquires. When the duke marched through
+Champagne, he formed his troops into a van guard, a main body, and a
+rear guard.
+
+Sir John de Croy commanded the first under his brother,--and he had
+with him Harpin de Richammes. During the march, all the baggage was
+placed between the van and main body; and the duchess, then far gone
+with child, was there also, with her women, and near to the duke.
+
+The army marched in this array before the town of Troyes, that was held
+by the French, and advanced to Cappes on the line to Burgundy. Many
+of the burgundian lords now joined him, to whom he gave a gracious
+reception,--and having called a council of war, resolved on their
+future proceedings.
+
+It was settled that the duchess should fix her residence with her
+attendants at Châtillon-sur-Seine, while the duke marched to lay siege
+to Mussi-l'Evêque, in the possession of the French. Great preparations
+were made, and many pieces of artillery were pointed against the gates
+and walls. The garrison once intended making an obstinate defence; but
+when they saw how numerous and well appointed were the duke's forces,
+and found they had no hope of succour, after eight days siege, they
+capitulated to surrender the place on having their lives and fortunes
+spared. On the conclusion of this treaty, they marched away under the
+duke's passports for St Florentin.
+
+When the duke had appointed a new garrison, he went to the duchess at
+Châtillon, and his men at arms advanced toward the county of Tonnerre.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XLII.
+
+ THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY RECONQUERS SEVERAL PLACES WHICH THE FRENCH HAD
+ WON IN BURGUNDY.
+
+
+When the duke of Burgundy had sojourned some days at Châtillon, he
+ordered the duchess to go to Dijon, where she was most honourably
+received, and he himself went after his army. He had Lussigines and
+Passy besieged; and the first was so hard pressed that the garrison
+surrendered on having their lives spared, but giving up their effects.
+Those of Passy also gave hostages to surrender on the first day of
+September following, unless the duke and his army should be fought
+withal and beaten by his adversaries before that time.
+
+Many other castles and forts held by the French, who were much alarmed
+at the great power of the duke of Burgundy, were yielded up to him,
+namely, Danlermoine, Herny, Coursaint, Scealefloug, Maligny, Saint
+Phalle, Sicry, Sabelly and others, to the amount of twenty-four. After
+these surrenders, the duke went to Dijon, and his captains and men
+at arms were quartered over the country. Sir John de Croy was the
+commander in chief at all these sieges of places that submitted to the
+obedience of the duke of Burgundy.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XLIII.
+
+ GILLES DE POSTELLES IS ACCUSED OF TREASON TO THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY, AND
+ BEHEADED.
+
+
+In this year, a gentleman of Hainault was accused of treason against
+the duke of Burgundy. His name was Gilles de Postelles, who had been
+brought up as a dependant on the dowager-countess of Hainault, aunt to
+the said duke. He was charged with having practised with divers of the
+nobles of that country to put the duke to death by shooting him with an
+arrow, or by some other means, while hunting in the forest, whither he
+would accompany him.
+
+For this cause, he was arrested in the mansion of the countess, at
+Quesnoy, by sir Willian de Lalain bailiff of Hainault. When he had
+been strictly examined and tortured, he was beheaded and quartered
+in the market-place of Mons, and his quarters were sent to be placed
+in the four principal towns of that country. One of his servants was
+beheaded with him; but John de Vendeges, to whom he had discovered his
+plot, fled the country, and afterward, by means of different excuses,
+and through the interest of his friends, was pardoned by the duke. The
+countess of Hainault was strongly suspected of being implicated in this
+affair, but nothing was clearly proved against her.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XLIV.
+
+ THE FRENCH WIN BY SCALADO THE TOWN OF CRESPY IN THE VALOIS.--OTHER
+ MATTERS.
+
+
+While these things were passing, a party of king Charles's adherents
+won by scalado at day-break, the town of Crespy in the Valois from
+the English. The bastard de Thian was governor; and he, with part of
+the garrison, and the inhabitants, were made prisoners: innumerable
+mischiefs were done to the town, for the French treated it in their
+usual manner to a conquered place.
+
+On the eve of the feast of the Ascension, in this year, the commonalty
+of Ghent rebelled against the duke's officers and the magistrates. But
+the principal sheriff posted himself with the banner of the counts
+of Flanders in the market-place well accompanied, before the rebels
+had time to collect together, who, perceiving that they could not now
+carry their intentions into effect, fled from the town: some of them,
+however, were taken, and punished by the magistrates of Ghent.
+
+In these days, the town of Bruyeres, in the Laonnois, was won from
+king Charles by sir John de Luxembourg's men, commanded by Villemet de
+Hainau, governor of Montagu. This capture caused great alarm in the
+adjoining places, for they expected a strong garrison would be posted
+therein to attack them; and they, consequently, reinforced themselves
+as much as they could, to be enabled to resist them.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XLV.
+
+ THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY KEEPS HIS APPOINTMENT BEFORE PASSY.--HE BESIEGES
+ THE TOWN AND CASTLE OF AVALON.
+
+
+When the first day of September was come, the duke of Burgundy (having
+previously sent his orders to all those who had been accustomed to
+serve under him) made his appearance before Passy, according to the
+terms of the capitulation.
+
+He was there joined, by orders of king Henry, by the lord de
+l'Isle-Adam, marshal of France, and sir John Talbot, with sixteen
+hundred combatants. The duke received them joyfully, and made very
+handsome presents to these lords and to their men. The French, however,
+did not appear; and the garrison, in consequence, surrendered the place
+to the duke of Burgundy, and marched away under his passports.
+
+The duke then sent a detachment to surround Avalon, of which was
+captain one called Fort Espice, having under him two hundred men
+at arms, the flower of the army and renowned in war. They made an
+obstinate defence.
+
+The principal burgundian lords among the besiegers were the lord de
+Charny, Philibert de Vaudray, and others,--from Picardy were sir
+John bastard de St Pol, the lord de Humieres, and many noblemen, who
+advanced with great courage and encamped near to the ditches. Several
+engines were pointed against the gates and walls, and damaged them
+greatly, breaches being made in divers parts.
+
+The besiegers now thought to take the place by storm, and made a
+vigorous attack, but were gallantly repulsed. However, the garrison,
+foreseeing that they could not hold out longer, and having no hopes of
+succour, they fled by night in much disorder, through a postern that
+had been neglected by the enemy. Their flight was soon known, and the
+Burgundians lost no time in arming and pursuing them, so that falling
+courageously upon them, they took and slew many. Fort Espice and some
+others saved themselves by flight. The town was now suddenly attacked,
+and won without resistance. The wife of Fort Espice was made prisoner,
+with many of his men and some peasants,--and every thing that was found
+in the place was plundered and carried away.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XLVI.
+
+ PIERRE DE LUXEMBOURG, COUNT DE ST POL, BESIEGES THE TOWN OF ST
+ VALERY.--THE DEATH OF THE COUNT DE ST POL.
+
+
+In the month of July of this year, Pierre de Luxembourg, count de Saint
+Pol, accompanied by lord Willoughby, an Englishman, and twelve hundred
+combatants of the two nations, laid siege to the town of Saint Valery;
+in which were, on the part of king Charles, sir Louis de Vaucourt,
+Philip de la Tour and sir Regnault de Versailles, with a garrison of
+three hundred men.
+
+They pointed artillery against the walls and gates; and after the
+siege had lasted for three weeks, the before-named knights entered
+into treaty with Robert de Saveuses, who had been commissioned by the
+count de St Pol for the purpose, and agreed that they would surrender
+the place at a fixed day, should they not be relieved before then, on
+receiving a sum of money, and liberty to depart in safety with their
+prisoners and baggage. As no one appeared to their succour, they
+marched away, under passports, to Beauvais.
+
+Shortly after, sir Louis de Vaucourt and sir Regnault de Versailles
+were met by one called Le Petit Roland, on the road to Senlis, who,
+though of the same party, from a private quarrel, attacked them with
+the men he was leading to Chantilly; and in the end he defeated and
+robbed them, making sir Regnault his prisoner.
+
+The count de St Pol, having re-garrisoned St Valery, gave the command
+of it to sir Robert de Saveuses. On marching thence, he fixed his
+quarters at a large village called Blangy, in the county of Eu, with
+the intent to besiege the castle of Monchas, held by sir Regnault de
+Fontaines for king Charles. Sir Regnault, not wishing to wait the
+event of a siege, capitulated with the commissioners of the count to
+surrender the place on the 15th day of next October, provided that
+neither king Charles nor any of his partisans should be in sufficient
+force to offer him combat on that day before the castle of Monchas,
+or on the plains of Santhois near to Villiers-le-Carbonel, one league
+distant from Haplaincourt. This treaty was confirmed, the 26th day
+of August, by the count, and hostages given on each side for its due
+performance.
+
+On the last day of this month of August, while the count was encamped
+near to Blangy, and giving his orders for besieging the castle of
+Rambures, he was taken suddenly ill, and died almost instantly.
+
+His men and all the English captains were grieved at heart for his
+loss, and retired to the garrisons whence they had come. His household
+had the body transported to St Pol, where it was interred in front of
+the great altar of the abbey-church of Cercamps, of which his ancestors
+had been the founders. His eldest son, Louis de Luxembourg, then about
+fifteen years of age, took possession of all his estates and lordships,
+and thenceforth was styled the Count de St Pol.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XLVII.
+
+ THE LORD DE LA TRIMOUILLE IS ARRESTED IN THE KING'S PALACE, AND MADE
+ TO SURRENDER HIS PRISONER THE VISCOUNT DE THOUARS.
+
+
+While these things were passing, king Charles resided chiefly at
+the castle of Chinon, and with him was the lord de la Trimouille,
+his principal adviser, but who conducted public affairs much to the
+dissatisfaction of Charles d'Anjou, and many other great lords.
+
+They also hated him from their friendship to the lord d'Amboise
+viscount de Thouars, whom he had detained in prison from the time the
+lord de Lessay and Anthony de Vivonne had been beheaded through his
+means at Poitiers, and also because the constable, by reason of his
+interference, could not regain the good graces of the king.
+
+Having therefore formed their plan, the lord de Bueil, sir Peter
+de Verseil, Pregent de Coetivy and other barons, to the number of
+sixteen, entered the castle of Chinon, and went to the chamber of the
+lord de la Trimouille, whom they found in bed. They made him prisoner,
+and carried him away, taking from him the government of the king. He
+afterward, by treaty, surrendered to them the lord d'Amboise, and
+promised never to return to the king, yielding up many forts that he
+held as security for keeping the said treaty.
+
+Shortly after, the constable was restored to the good graces of his
+monarch, who was well satisfied to receive him, although he was much
+vexed at the conduct that had been held to the lord de la Trimouille:
+nevertheless, new ministers were appointed for the management of his
+affairs.
+
+At this time, Philip lord de Saveuses resided in Mondidier with a
+sufficient garrison to oppose the French in Compiègne, Ressons,
+Mortemer, Bretueil, and other places. These had made an excursion to
+the amount of about one hundred and fifty combatants into the country
+of Santhois, where they were met by the lord de Saveuses, who slew or
+made prisoners the greater part: the rest saved themselves by flight.
+
+In this year, died in his town of Avesnes, in Hainault, the count de
+Penthievre, who had been deprived of the duchy of Brittany, as has
+been elsewhere fully related. A great mortality took place throughout
+almost all France, as well in large towns as in the country; and there
+prevailed also great divisions between the nobles and gentlemen against
+each other, so that neither God, his church, nor justice, were obeyed
+or feared, and the poor people were grievously oppressed in various
+ways.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XLVIII.
+
+ WILLIAM DE COROAM PUTS TO FLIGHT JOHN BEAURAIN.--SIR JOHN DE
+ LUXEMBOURG RECONQUERS THE CASTLE OF HAPHINCOURT.
+
+
+About this period, William de Coroam, an Englishman, in company with
+Villemer de Hainault, and some others of sir John de Luxembourg's
+captains, with three or four hundred combatants, overthrew and
+plundered near to Ivoy, between the Ardennes and Champagne, from five
+to six hundred men, whom John de Beaurain, and divers captains, had
+assembled in hopes of conquering them. John de Beaurain, however, and
+others, saved themselves by the fleetness of their horses.
+
+In the month of September, the castle of Haphincourt, seated on the
+river Somme, two leagues distant from Peronne, was taken by a partisan
+of king Charles, called Martin le Lombard, and his accomplices. Within
+the castle was sir Pierre de Beausault, a noble and ancient knight,
+with his lady, the mother to sir Karados de Quesnes.
+
+The whole of the country of Vermandois was much alarmed at this
+conquest, for the inhabitants feared it would open an easy entrance
+for the enemy into those parts. They, however, lost no time in
+sending notice of it to sir John de Luxembourg, who, in a few days,
+assembled eight hundred Picards, and marched them, in company with
+his nephew the young count de St Pol, sir Simon de Lalain, the lord
+de Saveuses, and other noble captains, to the castle of Haphincourt,
+and had his artillery instantly pointed against the walls. His attacks
+were so severe on the garrison that they were forced to surrender at
+discretion, when some were hanged and others strangled. As for Martin,
+Jacotin and Clamas, they obtained their liberty on paying a heavy
+ransom. The castle was delivered into the hands of Jean de Haphincourt,
+and the knight and lady sent away. After this exploit, sir John de
+Luxembourg returned with his nephew, and the other captains, to the
+places whence they had come.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XLIX.
+
+ THE COUNTS DE LIGNY AND DE ST POL KEEP THE APPOINTED DAY AT VILLIERS
+ LE CARBONEL, AND AFTERWARD DEFEAT THE FRENCH FROM THE GARRISON OF LAON.
+
+
+On the 15th day of October, the young count de St Pol, sir John de
+Luxembourg, count de Ligny, with from four to five thousand combatants,
+whom they had summoned from Picardy and Hainault, under the command of
+sir William de Lalain, sir Simon his brother, the lord de Mailly, sir
+Colart de Mailly his brother, the lord de Saveuses, Valleran de Moruel,
+Guy de Roye, and others expert in arms, marched to keep the appointment
+at Villiers le Carbonel, according to the capitulation signed at the
+castle of Monchas in Normandy. They were also joined by twelve hundred
+English, under the orders of the lord Willoughby and sir Thomas Kiriel.
+
+Neither sir Regnault de Fontaines, governor of Monchas, nor any
+others on the part of king Charles made their appearance at Villiers
+le Carbonel; and thus their hostages were left in very great danger.
+The two counts, however, remained all that day in battle-array on the
+plain, and toward evening quartered themselves and their men in the
+adjoining villages, seeing there was not a probability of an enemy
+shewing himself. On the morrow, they returned, by a short march, to the
+place whence they had come.
+
+Within a few days after this, when the two counts were at Guise, news
+was brought them, that the lord de Penesach, governor of Laon, had
+made an excursion, with four or five hundred combatants from different
+garrisons into the country of Marle, and had nearly taken Vervins, the
+hereditary inheritance of Joan de Bar, sir John's daughter-in-law, and
+had set fire to the suburbs of Marle.
+
+Sir John was much troubled on receiving this intelligence, and
+instantly mounted his horse, together with the count de St Pol, sir
+Simon de Lalain, and those of his household. He sent in haste for
+reinforcements from all his garrisons that were near, and sir Simon
+ordered his men, who were quartered in a village hard by, to follow
+without delay; so that he had very soon upwards of three hundred
+fighting men, whom he boldly marched to meet the enemy.
+
+He overtook them on their retreat at Disy, not far from Laon; and
+although they were very superior in numbers, he no sooner saw them than
+without waiting for the whole of his men to come up, he most gallantly
+charged them, and did wonders by his personal courage. The French
+took to flight, even under the eyes of their commander, excepting a
+few, who were defeated, and the most part put to death, to the number
+of eight score. The principals were, Gaillart de Lille, Anthony de
+Bellegarde, de Mony, le borgne de Vy, Henry Quenof from Brabant, and
+others, to the number aforestated. From sixty to eighty were made
+prisoners, the greater part of whom were on the morrow hanged; among
+them was one named Rousselet, provost of Laon. A gentleman of arms,
+called L'Archenciel was taken in the engagement, but given up to sir
+Simon de Lalain, whose life he had formerly saved at St Vincent, as has
+been related.
+
+In return, sir Simon was desirous of saving his; but he could not
+succeed, for sir John de Luxembourg caused him to be put to death,
+which angered greatly sir Simon, but he could not remedy himself. The
+French were pursued as far as Laon, and many killed and taken. On this
+day, the young count de St Pol was entered a warrior,--for his uncle
+made him slay several, in which he took much delight. After the defeat,
+they all returned to Guise in high spirits on account of their happy
+success.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. L.
+
+ LA HIRE AND OTHER FRENCH CAPTAINS OVERRUN ARTOIS AND CAMBRESIS.
+
+
+In the month of September, of this year, La Hire, with others of king
+Charles's captains, such as Anthony de Chabannes, Blanchefort, Charles
+de Flavy, Regnault de Longueval, and full fifteen hundred combatants,
+whom they had assembled in Beauvais, crossed the Somme at Cappy into
+Artois, and made a number of peasants prisoners, who were unsuspicious
+of such an inroad, and returned with them and their plunder to
+Beauvais, where they were all quartered. They also made great seizures
+of men and cattle in the Cambresis, by whose ransoms they acquired
+large sums of money.
+
+They again took the field, but after some little time they divided;
+and Anthony de Chabannes with Blanchefort and their men went toward
+Cambray, and, passing by it, they took the straight road to Haspres, as
+a free fair had been held the preceding day at the town of Ivoy; and
+because the townsmen would not compound according to their pleasure,
+they burnt most part of the town and the church.
+
+They then advanced to Haspres, which was full of people and
+merchandize, and entered it by surprise. They made many prisoners, but
+several retired with some monks into a strong tower, which was long
+attacked in vain by the French. In revenge for not being able to gain
+it, they plundered all they could lay hands on in the town, and then
+set it on fire, by which several houses were destroyed, with the church
+and abbey of St Akaire. They also committed other enormous mischiefs.
+
+Having packed up their plunder, they departed, and, traversing the
+Cambresis, took many prisoners, and burnt numbers of houses, and went
+to lodge at Mont St Martin[10], where La Hire was waiting for them.
+On this same day, La Hire had set fire to the town of Beaurevoir, the
+mill, and a very handsome country-seat called La Mothe, situated near
+to the town, and belonging to the countess de Ligny. Many detachments
+scoured the country, committing numberless mischiefs without
+opposition; for sir John de Luxembourg was absent with his nephew the
+young count de St Pol on business relative to matters that had happened
+in consequence of the death of sir Peter de Luxembourg his father.
+
+This was the cause why the French met with no resistance on this
+expedition wherever they went. From Mont St Martin they took the road
+toward Laon, carrying with them multitudes of prisoners and great herds
+of cattle. They halted at Cressy-sur-Serre, and thence, without any
+loss, returned to Laon, where they divided their spoils, and went to
+the different garrisons whence they had come.
+
+About this period, the lords de Croy and de Humieres returned, with
+about two thousand horse, from Burgundy, where they had been for a
+considerable time under duke Philip, assisting him in his various
+conquests from the French.
+
+The duchess of Burgundy was delivered of a son at Dijon, who was
+knighted at the font: his godfathers were Charles count de Nevers, who
+gave him his own name, and the lord de Croy. He was also made a knight
+of the order of the Golden Fleece, and in addition the duke his father
+gave him the county of Charolois.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 10: Mont St Martin. Q. If not Thun-St-Martin?]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LI.
+
+ THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY HOLDS THE ANNIVERSARY FEAST OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE
+ IN THE CITY OF DIJON.--HE ATTENDS THE MARRIAGE OF THE DUKE OF SAVOY'S
+ SON.
+
+
+At this time, the duke of Burgundy held the feast of the Golden Fleece
+in the city of Dijon; and, shortly after, messengers arrived from the
+duke of Savoy to request that he would come to the wedding of his son
+the count of Geneva, about to marry the daughter of the king of Cyprus,
+which wedding was to be celebrated in the town of Chambery in Savoy.
+The duke of Burgundy complied with the request; and, having arranged
+all his affairs about Candlemas, he left the duchess at Chalons in
+Burgundy, with his army in that neighbourhood, and departed for Savoy,
+attended by about two hundred knights and esquires.
+
+After some days travelling, he arrived at Chambery, and was met by the
+duke of Savoy and the count de Geneva, who received him with every
+respect. On the day after his arrival, the wedding was celebrated, and
+the feast was most plentifully served. On the right of the great table
+were seated the cardinal of Cyprus, uncle to the bride, the queen of
+Sicily, consort to king Louis and daughter to the duke of Savoy, and
+the duke of Burgundy: in the center was the bride, and then the duke of
+Bar, the count de Nevers and the heir of Cleves.
+
+At the second table were placed the duke of Savoy, the count de
+Fribourg, the marquis de Fribourg, the prince of Orange, the chancellor
+of Savoy, with several noble men and ladies. At other tables were many
+knights, esquires, ladies and damsels, from various countries, all most
+richly dressed; and every table was abundantly and properly served
+according to the rank of the guests.
+
+This feast lasted for several days, in which the company amused
+themselves with dancings, and in divers sports and pastimes. The
+duke of Burgundy, after staying three days, presented the bride
+with a magnificent clasp of the value of three thousand francs,--on
+which occasion, he was heartily thanked by the duke of Savoy and his
+son,--and, taking leave of the company, returned to Burgundy.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LII.
+
+ A GENERAL COUNCIL IS HELD AT BASIL.
+
+
+In the course of this year a general council was held at Basil with
+great pomp. The emperor of Germany, and many great lords, as well
+secular as ecclesiastic, from different countries, were present at
+the opening thereof. Their first object was to send ambassadors to
+endeavour to appease the quarrels between the king of France on the one
+hand, and the king of England and the duke of Burgundy on the other.
+
+During the sitting of this council, the very agreeable intelligence was
+brought thither, that the men of Prague had been defeated, and from
+eight to ten thousand killed, by the nobles of Bohemia, assisted by six
+hundred men at arms, whom the members of the council had sent to their
+support.
+
+Shortly after, two priests, the leaders of the Hussite-heretics, were
+slain; one named Protestus du Tabouret, and the other Lupus, together
+with six thousand of their sect. The rich city of Prague was conquered,
+and purged of heretics, as well as the greater part of the country. The
+Bohemians sent an embassy to the council to receive absolution, and a
+confirmation in the catholic faith.
+
+The council laid a tax on the clergy of one-tenth.
+
+Ambassadors arrived at Basil in great state from the king of Castille
+and the Spaniards: these were attended by full four hundred persons,
+and two hundred mules. The cardinals de Santa Croce and de San Pietro
+were sent by the council to Philip Maria duke of Milan, to recover the
+lands of the church which he had seized, but their labour was in vain.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LIII.
+
+ THE TOWN AND CASTLE OF PROVINS IN BRIE ARE WON BY THE ENGLISH AND
+ BURGUNDIANS.--THE FRENCH RECONQUER THE TOWN AND CASTLE OF ST VALERY.
+
+
+About this time, the town and castle of Provins in Brie was won by
+scalado, from the French, by the English and Burgundians. Their
+principal captains on this expedition were sir John Raillart, Mando
+de Lussach, Thomas Girard, governor of Montereau-faut-Yonne, Richard
+Huçon, and others, with about four hundred combatants. The leader of
+the scalers was one called Grosse-tête.
+
+The castle was gained at five o'clock in the morning, although the
+governor de Gueraines, with five hundred fighting men, defended
+themselves most valiantly for the space of eight hours, to the great
+loss of the assailants, who had six score or more killed, and in the
+number was a gallant english man at arms called Henry de Hungerford.
+The town and castle were, however, conquered and pillaged, and the
+greater part of the French put to death. The governor, perceiving all
+hopes of success were vain, escaped with some others. The command of
+the place was afterward given to the lord de la Grange.
+
+In the beginning of the month of January, the partisans of king Charles
+regained the town and castle of St Valery, under the command of Charlot
+du Marests, governor of Rambures, through the negligence of the guards.
+It had been intrusted to the care of Robert de Saveuses, but he was
+then absent,--and there was such a mortality in the town that few
+ventured to reside therein: the bastard de Fiennes, his lieutenant,
+with others were made prisoners, and the whole country of Ponthieu was
+in great alarm at this event. Philip de la Tour was also a principal
+commander on this expedition with Charlot du Marests.
+
+
+
+
+[A.D. 1434]
+
+CHAP. LIV.
+
+ THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY RETURNS FROM BURGUNDY TO FLANDERS AND ARTOIS,
+ HAVING WITH HIM JOHN SON TO THE COUNT DE NEVERS.--OTHER MATTERS.
+
+
+In the beginning of this year, Philip duke of Burgundy returned from
+Burgundy to his territories of Flanders, Artois, and other parts,
+escorted by about six hundred combatants. He left his duchess and young
+son behind him in Burgundy, and all his castles well garrisoned with
+men at arms. He carried with him John son to the count de Nevers, his
+cousin-german, on his visits to the principal towns, where he sought
+for succours in men and money to take back with him to Burgundy.
+
+During this time, sir John de Luxembourg, who had posted himself on the
+frontiers of the Laonnois, conquered the strong abbey of St Vincent
+lez Laon from king Charles's garrison, and made prisoner a notable
+gentleman called Anthony de Cramailles, whom sir John caused to be
+beheaded and his body quartered at Ripelmonde. At this attack on the
+abbey of St Vincent, Jarnet de Pennesach, and Eustache Vaude lost their
+lives. Sir John re-garrisoned this place, which caused great fears in
+the town of Laon; and to be enabled to resist any attacks from thence,
+they had strong reinforcements quartered among them of well tried men
+at arms.
+
+In consequence, daily skirmishes took place between them, when many
+of each party were killed or wounded; and on the side of sir John de
+Luxembourg, a valiant knight, called Colart de Forges, was slain by a
+shot from a bow, which passed through his leg.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LV.
+
+ JOHN DE NEVERS IS ORDERED TO LAY SIEGE TO MOREUIL.--HE HAS THE COUNTY
+ OF ESTAMPES GIVEN TO HIM.
+
+
+When the duke of Burgundy was returned to Picardy with John, son to the
+count de Nevers, the duke gave him the county of Estampes, which title
+he bore for a long time after, and was likewise appointed governor of
+Picardy, to take on him the charge of guarding the frontiers.
+
+He assembled men at arms to lay siege to the castle of Moreuil[11],
+in possession of the French, and was joined by the lord d'Antoing,
+sir John de Croy, the vidame of Amiens, Valeran de Moreuil, the lord
+de Humieres, the lord de Saveuses, the lord de Neufville, sir Baudo
+de Noyelle governor of Peronne, and the governors of Mondidier and
+Roye. His force consisted of one thousand combatants, whom the count
+d'Estampes led to the castle of Moreuil, and quartered them before it.
+Not more than one hundred fighting men were in the castle, who were,
+within eight days, so hardly pressed that they were forced to surrender
+the place on having their lives spared, leaving their baggage and
+effects at the disposal of the count d'Estampes and his commissaries.
+
+On the treaty being signed, the French marched away under passports
+from the count, and the command of the place was given to Valeran de
+Moreuil. The count d'Estampes conducted his army then to the castle
+of Mortemer, near Ressons-sur-mer, which was soon surrendered, and
+completely demolished. After which the count marched back with his men
+to the places whence they had come.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 11: Moreuil,--a town in Picardy, situated between Corbie and
+Mondidier.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LVI.
+
+ A QUARREL BETWEEN THE ROMANS AND POPE EUGENIUS, WHOM THEY WANTED TO
+ DETAIN AT ROME AGAINST HIS WILL.
+
+
+At this period, pope Eugenius, who resided at Rome, had an inclination
+to fix his abode at Florence, which, when known to the Romans, troubled
+them much. They assembled in great multitudes, and went to the pope to
+say that he should not depart thence, for that he could be no where
+better than in Rome, the fountain of Christianity.
+
+The pope and cardinals, perceiving the madness and obstinacy of the
+people, pretended to give up their intentions of removing: nevertheless
+the Romans established sufficient guards at all the gates, that they
+might not depart without their knowledge. However, by means of the
+beautiful queen of Sicily, who sent the pope some gallies and other
+vessels, he secretly quitted Rome and went to Florence, to the great
+vexation of the Romans, who instantly arrested all whom the pope
+had left behind; and in the number was his nephew, the cardinal of
+Venice. He afterward escaped, disguised like a monk, and thus equipped
+travelled alone.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LVII.
+
+ THE ABBEY OF ST VINCENT NEAR LAON IS DEMOLISHED.--MANY CASTLES ARE
+ CONQUERED BY THE BURGUNDIANS.
+
+
+The duke of Burgundy now departed from Picardy, on his return to
+Burgundy, attended by about two thousand fighting men, and sir Simon de
+Lalain and Robert de Saveuses. He took his march through the Cambresis,
+and thence to Cressy-sur-Serre, and to Provins.
+
+The French were, at this time, assembled in great force at Laon, with
+the intent to besiege the abbey of St Vincent, which was garrisoned,
+as has been before said, by sir John de Luxembourg. Sir John sent
+messengers to the duke at Vervins to inform him of his situation, and
+to request that he would march back to Cressy-sur-Serre, and remain
+there for three or four days, in order that the French in Laon, hearing
+of his being so near, might give up their intentions of besieging him.
+
+The duke complied with the request, and returned to Cressy; and in the
+mean time a treaty was commenced between the count de Ligny and the
+French in Laon, when it was agreed that the garrison should march from
+St Vincent with their baggage and other effects, but that the place
+should be demolished.
+
+This being done, the duke continued his march through Champagne to
+Burgundy; and while there he greatly reinforced himself with troops
+from Burgundy and Picardy. He thence detached a party to besiege the
+town and castle of Chaumont in the Charolois, held by the French: the
+garrison was soon so hardly pressed that it surrendered at discretion
+to the duke of Burgundy, who had upwards of one hundred of them hanged.
+Sir John bastard de St Pol commanded the Picards in the duke's absence.
+Among those who were hanged was the son of Rodrigue da Vilandras.
+Those in the castle surrendered themselves to the duke, and were
+treated in like manner as the townsmen.
+
+This detachment afterward besieged Beuam, which also surrendered, but
+on condition that the garrison should have free liberty to depart with
+staves in their hands. Thus by laying siege to several castles and
+smaller forts they reduced a great many to the obedience of the duke of
+Burgundy.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LVIII.
+
+ THE LORD TALBOT RETURNS TO FRANCE, AND CONQUERS MANY TOWNS AND CASTLES.
+
+
+In this same year, the lord Talbot returned from England to France,
+bringing with him eight hundred combatants, whom he landed at Rouen.
+Marching thence toward Paris, he reconquered the fort of Jouy, situated
+between Beauvais and Gisors, and hanged all the French found within
+it. He continued his march to Paris, where it was determined, by
+king Henry's council, that he should, in company with the lord de
+l'Isle-Adam, marshal of France, sir Galois d'Aunay lord of Arville, and
+the bishop of Therouenne, chancellor of France for king Henry, march
+with all their troops to lay siege to the castle of Beaumont-sur-Oise,
+which had been much strengthened by Amadour de Vignolles, brother to La
+Hire.
+
+These three knights marched from Paris with full sixteen hundred well
+tried combatants; but when they came before the castle of Beaumont they
+found it deserted; for Amadour de Vignolles, having heard of their
+intentions, had abandoned it, and retreated with his men and baggage to
+the town of Creil.
+
+The English, having destroyed the fortifications of Beaumont, hastened
+to follow them; and having surrounded Creil on all sides, many severe
+skirmishes took place, in which the besieged made a gallant defence:
+but in one of them, Amadour was mortally wounded by an arrow, which
+greatly disheartened his men, for they held him to be a courageous and
+expert man at arms.
+
+During this siege, the bishop of Therouenne joined the besiegers;
+and at the end of six weeks, the garrison surrendered, on condition
+of being allowed to depart with their baggage and effects. After the
+English had re-garrisoned the town and castle of Creil, they advanced
+to lay siege to the Pont de St Maixence, held by Guillon de Ferrieres,
+nephew to St Trailles, who surrendered it on conditions similar to
+those granted at Creil.
+
+The English thence marched to Neufville en Esmoy and to La Rouge
+Maison, and then to Crespy in Valois, which was taken by storm. There
+were full thirty French within it, under the command of Pothon le
+Bourguignon. They then returned to Clermont in the Beauvoisis, held by
+the bourg de Vignolles, who submitted to them, and thence to Beauvais;
+but perceiving they could not gain any thing further, they retreated to
+Paris and to the other garrisons whence they had come.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LIX.
+
+ THE COUNT D'ESTAMPES RECONQUERS THE TOWN OF ST VALERY.
+
+
+At the same time with the foregoing expedition, the count d'Estampes,
+accompanied by the lord d'Antoing, sir John de Croy, the vidame of
+Amiens, and most of the lords who had been with him at Moreiul, marched
+to lay siege to St Valery, where they remained about one month.
+
+At length, Charles du Marests and Philip de la Tour, who had gained the
+town by surprise, entered into a capitulation to evacuate it within
+eight days, should they not before then be relieved, on receiving a
+certain sum of money, and on being allowed to depart in safety with
+their baggage and effects.
+
+On the appointed day, no french forces appeared to offer combat to the
+count d'Estampes; but on the contrary, Louis de Luxembourg, chancellor
+of France, came thither to the support of the count, with five hundred
+English, commanded by the lord Willoughby, sir Guy le Bouteiller,
+and Brunclay governor of Eu. The chancellor and his companions were
+joyfully received by the count d'Estampes and the other lords.
+
+The French marched away, according to the terms of their treaty from
+St Valery to Rambures, whither they were led by Charles du Marests.
+On their departure, a barge arrived at the port from St Malo, laden
+with wines for the French, which was instantly seized by the sailors
+attached to the english party.
+
+The chancellor and the English returned to their former quarters at Eu,
+and the count d'Estampes was lodged that night in St Valery. On the
+morrow, he began his retreat to Artois, having appointed John de Brimeu
+governor of the town and castle, where he disbanded his forces.
+
+From the town of Eu the chancellor marched the English to lay siege
+to the castle of Monchas, which in a few days surrendered by means of
+a sum of money given to sir Regnault de Fontaines, the governor. The
+whole of this castle was destroyed, although it was the finest castle
+in the county of Eu. During this time, the earl of Arundel resided
+mostly at Mantes, and in the district of Chartres, and reconquered many
+forts from the French in those parts, as well as in Perche. The duke
+of Bedford was now returned from England to Rouen, and thence went to
+Paris, where he resided a considerable time.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LX.
+
+ THE FRENCH GAIN THE TOWN OF HAMME ON THE SOMME, IN THE VERMANDOIS.
+
+
+In the month of August of this year, a party of French won the town of
+Hamme, which had been held by the count de Ligny's men. The townsmen
+instantly surrendered on the French appearing before it, for the
+garrison had abandoned the place.
+
+The count de Richemont, constable of France, the bastard of Orleans,
+La Hire, and many other captains came thither with a large body of
+combatants.
+
+The countries of the Vermandois, Artois, and Cambresis were greatly
+alarmed at the conquest of Hamme, which was a strong situation, and
+gave them the passage of the river Somme, and also because their prince
+was absent in Burgundy. However, the counts de St Pol, d'Estampes,
+and de Ligny used all diligence to collect a sufficiency of troops to
+oppose any further incursions of the French. A treaty was at the same
+time set on foot, and the French agreed to restore the town of Hamme
+to its owner, sir John de Luxembourg, on receiving the sum of forty
+thousand crowns.
+
+The reason of this treaty being made on such easy terms was the
+expectation of a speedy peace being concluded between king Charles and
+the duke of Burgundy, for negotiations on this subject had already
+commenced. With the town of Hamme the fort of Breteuil was also
+given up to the count d'Estampes, which Blanchefort had held for a
+considerable time.
+
+At this period, the duke of Burgundy caused Coulogne-les-Vigneuses to
+be besieged by sir William de Rochefort and Philibert de Vaudrey, with
+eight hundred combatants. They posted themselves in a block-house,--and
+at the end of three months, the garrison surrendered, on having their
+lives and baggage spared.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXI.
+
+ THE TOWN AND CASTLE OF CHASTEAU-VILAIN SUBMITS TO THE OBEDIENCE OF THE
+ DUKE OF BURGUNDY.
+
+
+On the duke of Burgundy's return to that country, he advanced to
+Grantsy, which had for some time been besieged by sir John de Vergy
+and his allies. The inhabitants, seeing no hope of being succoured,
+concluded a treaty to surrender it to the duke, when the castle was
+not destroyed, but given to the lord de Thil, brother to the lord de
+Château-vilain.
+
+When this had been done, the duke ordered sir John de Vergy, and the
+other captains as well from Burgundy as from Picardy, to advance
+before the city of Langres, and summon the garrison to submit to his
+obedience. This they not only refused to do but detained the herald,
+called Germole, who had brought the message. The Burgundians, finding
+themselves unable to take the place, returned with the army to the duke.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXII.
+
+ HEAVY TAXES LAID ON THE COUNTRIES OF ARTOIS AND THOSE ADJOINING, ON
+ ACCOUNT OF THIS WAR.
+
+
+In these days, very heavy taxes were laid on the countries of Artois,
+Vermandois, Ponthieu, Amiennois, and others adjoining, to pay the
+composition-money to the constable of France, which had been agreed to
+for the surrender of Hamme. The poorer ranks were sorely oppressed by
+them, and began to murmur and be very much discontented with the rulers
+and ministers to whom the duke of Burgundy had intrusted the government
+of these countries in his absence, but it availed them nothing: for
+those who refused to pay were arrested, and their effects seized
+without regard to justice, until their quotas were duly paid.
+
+During this time, the lord de Saveuses had been ordered by the count
+d'Estampes to demolish the town and castle of Breteuil in Beauvoisis,
+which, as has been said, was given up to him by Blanchefort, the late
+governor thereof. The lord de Saveuses had brought a number of workmen
+and labourers from Amiens, Corbie, and other places, who soon destroyed
+the whole, excepting a strong gate of the castle that had been well
+fortified, and which the lord de Saveuses filled with provisions and
+artillery, leaving within it from twenty to thirty of his men, to guard
+it. In like manner were demolished the tower of Vendueil, and some
+other smaller forts in the country round about.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXIII.
+
+ THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY'S CAPTAINS APPEAR BEFORE VILLEFRANCHE, WHEREIN
+ WAS THE DUKE OF BOURBON.--THEY AFTERWARD BESIEGE BELLEVILLE, WHICH
+ SURRENDERS TO THEM.
+
+
+About this time the duke of Burgundy sent the greater part of his
+captains, with a large body of men at arms, to overrun the country
+as far as Villefranche, wherein was Charles duke of Bourbon. This
+detachment was commanded by the lord de Chargny, sir Simon de Lalain,
+sir Baudo de Noyelle, the lord d'Auxi, Robert de Saveuses, Lancelot
+de Dours, Harpin de Richammes, and consisted of about sixteen hundred
+combatants, who marched in handsome array toward the parts whither they
+had been ordered.
+
+Toward evening, on one of their marches, they fell in with about
+six hundred of the enemy, who instantly fled to their lord the duke
+of Bourbon; some of the worst mounted were made prisoners by the
+Burgundians and Picards.
+
+On their arrival before Villefranche, they drew up in battle-array, and
+sent a pursuivant to inform the duke of Bourbon of their coming, and to
+offer him battle. The duke, ignorant of their force, was not inclined
+to accept their challenge,--but made answer, that since the duke of
+Burgundy was not present on the field, he would not fight them. He
+dispatched, however, many on horseback and on foot, from his town, to
+skirmish with them. The duke himself even made a sally, mounted on his
+excellent war horse, but without arms, and dressed in a long robe, with
+a wand in his hand, to make his men keep up a steady countenance at the
+barriers; during which a considerable skirmish took place, but without
+any great losses on either side.
+
+After the Burgundians and Picards had remained four hours in battle
+array, seeing that no advantages were to be gained, they retreated
+in good order, posting their most expert men in their rear by way of
+guard, and thus returned to their lord the duke of Burgundy.
+
+The duke ordered them afterward to lay siege to Belleville,--in
+which place the duke of Bourbon had put sir James de Chabannes and
+the bailiff of Beauvais, with three hundred men, who made instant
+preparations for defence. Nevertheless, the besiegers so pressed them
+with their engines and continued attacks that, at the end of a month,
+they surrendered, on having their lives spared, and marched off without
+arms and baggage, on foot and with staves in their hands, to their lord
+the duke of Bourbon. He was much mortified to receive them in that
+condition, but he could not amend it.
+
+The duke of Burgundy placed several of his Picardy captains as a
+garrison in that town, whence they committed innumerable mischiefs
+all over that part of the Bourbonnois. On the other hand, the duke of
+Burgundy sent a detachment from his army in Burgundy to Dombes, and
+to the neighbourhood of Lyon on the Rhône, who took many castles, and
+wasted the country with fire and sword, carrying back with them a very
+large booty in plunder. The leaders of this last expedition were, the
+count de Fribourg, the bastard de St Pol, the lord de Vaurin, and some
+others.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXIV.
+
+ THE LORD WILLOUGHBY AND MATHAGON LAY SIEGE TO ST SEVERIN, WHERE THE
+ ENGLISH ARE AT FIRST VICTORIOUS, BUT ARE AFTERWARDS DEFEATED BY THE
+ FRENCH.
+
+
+In this same year of 1434, the lord Willoughby, accompanied by
+Mathagon and some other captains, and from eight hundred to a thousand
+combatants, laid siege to a very strong place in the country of Maine
+called St Severin, about two leagues distant from Alençon, which was
+held by the French. The governor was a gallant knight, named sir
+Anthony de Loreuil, who, on the arrival of the enemy, made a vigorous
+defence: nevertheless, the English surrounded the place on all sides,
+and remained there about six weeks.
+
+While this was going forward, the lord de Bueil, sir William Blesset,
+the lord de la Varenne, and other French captains, assembled about
+fourteen hundred fighting men, with the intent to force the enemy to
+raise their siege. They remained for some days at Beaumont le Vicomte,
+where part of them were quartered, and the remainder at Vivien, four
+leagues distant from St Severin. While at Beaumont, they called a
+council of all the chief captains, to consider how they should act;
+when, after much noise and debating, they considered themselves not
+strong enough to fight the English in their present situation, and
+determined to attempt withdrawing the besieged the back way out of the
+town.
+
+The captains now returned to their different quarters, and established
+good guards around them during the night, both of horse and foot. The
+lord de Bueil was, on this expedition, lieutenant for the lord Charles
+d'Anjou, and had the charge of his banner.
+
+This same night, a detachment of the English, having had intelligence
+of the advance of the French, took the field, and marched in silence
+until they came near to the town of Vivien, whither they sent scouts to
+reconnoitre the state of the French, who, having twice entered Vivien,
+brought word they were in tolerable good order. The English then made
+an attack on their quarters about day-break, and easily defeated them
+without much loss. Many were taken and killed: among the last was a
+valiant man from Amiens, but originally from Auvergne, called John de
+Belley.
+
+When the business was over, the English took the field with their
+prisoners; but the lords de Bueil and de la Varenne, who were in
+Beaumont, hearing of this discomfiture from the runaways, made instant
+preparations to pursue the English, who no sooner saw them than they
+rejoiced, thinking to defeat them as they had done the others,--and
+each party met gallantly. Many valorous acts were done on both sides;
+but, in the end, the English lost the day, partly from the prisoners
+whom they had taken at Vivien joining the French. A valiant knight
+named Arthur, was slain, and Mathagon made prisoner,--but the bastard
+of Salisbury fled. Four hundred, or more, of the English were killed or
+taken, and the French left masters of the field, very joyful for their
+victory. When the English who had remained at the siege of St Severin
+heard of the ill success of their companions, they raised the siege,
+and retreated to the garrisons whence they had come.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXV.
+
+ LA HIRE TREACHEROUSLY MAKES THE LORD D'AUFFEMONT A PRISONER.
+
+
+During these tribulations, La Hire, accompanied by Anthony de
+Chabannes, the bourg de Vignolles his brother, and about two hundred
+combatants, passed one day near to the castle of Clermont in the
+Beauvoisis, of which the lord d'Auffemont was governor. He was no way
+alarmed at their appearance; and, as a mark of his good will, ordered
+wine to be drawn, and carried without the postern of the great tower,
+for them to drink.
+
+The lord d'Auffemont came also out of the castle, with only three
+or four of his attendants, to converse with them, and showed great
+courtesy to La Hire and his companions, not having the smallest
+distrust of their treacherous intentions, which they very soon made
+apparent; for during the conversation, La Hire laid hands on him, and
+forced him to surrender the castle, putting him withal in irons and in
+confinement. In this state, he kept him upwards of a month, insomuch
+that his limbs were greatly bruised and benumbed, and he was covered
+with lice and all sorts of vermin.
+
+At length, he obtained his liberty, and paid for his ransom fourteen
+thousand saluts d'or, and a horse of the value of twenty tons of wine,
+notwithstanding king Charles wrote several times to La Hire to set him
+at liberty without ransom, for that he was well satisfied with his
+services,--but it was all in vain.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXVI.
+
+ THE COMMON PEOPLE OF NORMANDY RISE AGAINST THE ENGLISH GARRISONS.
+
+
+In this year, the common people in Normandy, especially those in the
+country of Caux, rebelled against the English. There were upward
+of two thousand in one company, who had risen in their own defence,
+because, contrary to the royal edicts, the English had plundered the
+poorer ranks. The bailiff and other officers in that country had before
+advised them (each according to his state) to provide themselves with
+arms and staves, to enable them to oppose all who should attempt to
+pillage or oppress them by seizing their effects by force.
+
+In obedience to these commands, the peasants had risen and driven
+back many parties of marauders to their garrisons, having killed and
+taken captive several, to the great displeasure of their captains.
+They, however, did not let this appear, but concluded a treaty with
+the peasants, who foolishly began their retreat in a very disorderly
+manner, not suspecting the malice of the English, who secretly followed
+them to St Pierre sur Dive, near to Tancarville, when they attacked
+them, and slew from a thousand to twelve hundred: the rest saved
+themselves as well as they could in the woods, and by flight.
+
+Great complaints were made of this conduct at Rouen, and many were
+banished that had been of this enterprise: but shortly after, it was
+hushed up, on account of more serious matters that fell out in that
+country.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXVII.
+
+ LA HIRE GAINS THE CASTLE OF BRETEUIL, IN BEAUVOISIS, BY STORM.
+
+
+When La Hire had conquered the castle of Clermont, as has been related,
+he assembled about five hundred combatants from the garrisons in the
+Beauvoisis, and marched them to the castle of Breteuil, which was in
+the possession of Saveuses' men. He made a sharp attack on it,--but it
+was well defended, and several of the assailants were killed.
+
+The garrison, however, from the repeated attacks, finding they had
+lost many men in killed and wounded, and that the fortifications were
+much damaged, surrendered to La Hire at discretion. He had some of
+them hanged, and sent the rest prisoners to Clermont,--and, having
+re-garrisoned the place, committed numberless mischiefs throughout the
+adjacent parts in Santerre, and toward Amiens, Corbie, Mondidier, and
+elsewhere.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXVIII.
+
+ THE DUKES OF BURGUNDY AND OF BOURBON MEET IN THE CITY OF NEVERS, AND
+ AGREE ON TERMS FOR A PEACE.
+
+
+A murderous war having been continued for a long time between the
+duke of Burgundy and his brother-in-law, the duke of Bourbon, secret
+negotiations were set on foot, in the hope of pacifying them. They
+were begun by commissioners from each side meeting in the town of
+Mâcon, where they remained several days. At the commencement, some
+difficulties arose respecting the precedency of these two dukes, and
+which should have the honour of being named first. After some dispute,
+it was settled that the duke of Burgundy should be first named, and
+take the precedency of the duke of Bourbon in every instance.
+
+When this matter had been determined, they then discussed various
+proposals for bringing about a peace between them, and appointed
+another meeting, when the two dukes might have an interview, either at
+Douzy[12] or in the city of Nevers, in the ensuing month of January.
+
+This being settled, the commissioners separated, and returned to their
+respective lords. While these negotiations were passing, the duke of
+Burgundy celebrated the festivals of Christmas and Twelfth-day, in his
+town of Dijon, in a most magnificent manner; and when the feasts were
+over, he departed thence grandly attended by the count de Nevers, the
+marquis de Rothelin, his nephew of Cleves, with many other knights and
+esquires of note, and a numerous body of men at arms. He journeyed
+to Douzy, and thence to Nevers, where he was lodged at the bishop's
+palace, and waited some days for the arrival of the duke of Bourbon and
+his sister the duchess.
+
+At length the duchess came, accompanied by her two sons and a brilliant
+attendance of knights, esquires, ladies and damsels. The duke of
+Burgundy went out of the palace to meet her, and received her with much
+affection and joy, for he had not seen his sister for a long time, and
+showed the same love to his nephews, although they were very young. The
+duchess, on quitting her carriage, was handed by the duke as far as
+her lodgings, where he took his leave, and left her to repose for the
+night. On the morrow, the duchess waited on her brother at the palace:
+she was received most kindly, and partook of a variety of amusements.
+There was much dancing, and a numerous party of masqueraders on the
+part of the duke of Burgundy: when wines and spiced had been brought,
+the company retired to their lodgings.
+
+On the next day a council was held, when it was determined that Arthur
+of Brittany, constable of France, and the archbishop of Rheims, should
+be sent for. Within a few days, the duke of Bourbon arrived at Nevers,
+attended by sir Christopher de Harcourt, the lord de la Fayette marshal
+of France, and many other knights and esquires of renown. The duke
+of Burgundy sent out the lords of his household to meet him; and when
+he was approaching the duke of Burgundy, without the town, he pressed
+forward,--and the two dukes, on their meeting, shewed the greatest
+respect and brotherly affection to each other.
+
+A knight of Burgundy, observing this, said aloud, 'We are very foolish
+to risk our bodies and souls at the will of princes and great lords,
+who, when they please, make up their quarrels, while we oftentimes
+remain poor and in distress.' This speech was noticed by many on each
+side, for there was much truth in it,--and thus it very frequently
+happened.
+
+After this meeting, the duke of Burgundy escorted his brother-in-law
+to his lodgings, and then went to his own. Shortly after, the duke
+and duchess of Bourbon visited the duke of Burgundy, when there were
+again great feastings and pastimes. On the morrow, the two dukes and
+the duchess heard mass in an oratory; and after dinner a grand council
+was held at the lodgings of the count de Nevers, when a peace was
+finally concluded between these two dukes on terms that were mutually
+agreeable; and the utmost satisfaction was now shown on all sides by
+the principals and their friends and dependants.
+
+The whole of the expense of these feasts, or at least the greater
+part, was defrayed by the duke of Burgundy, for he would have it so.
+As soon as this business was concluded, the constable of France (who
+had married a sister to the duke of Burgundy) and Regnault de Chartres,
+archbishop and duke of Rheims, chancellor of France, accompanied by
+some of the principal members of king Charles's council, and numbers of
+knights and esquires, arrived at Nevers.
+
+The two dukes went out to meet them; and the greatest respects having
+been paid on each side, they all together returned to the town, where
+they were lodged in the best manner possible, each according to his
+rank. Within a few days many councils were held respecting a peace
+between the king of France and the duke of Burgundy; and various
+proposals were made to the duke concerning the murder of the late
+duke John that were agreeable to him, insomuch that preliminaries were
+agreed on, and a day appointed for a convention at Arras to put a final
+conclusion to it.
+
+When this was done, they separated most amicably; and news of this
+event was published throughout the realm, and other countries: notice
+of it was sent to the pope and the council at Basil, that all persons
+who chose might order ambassadors to attend the convention at Arras.
+
+The duke of Burgundy now returned to Dijon, and made his preparations
+for going to Artois, to be ready for the meeting at Arras; and from
+this day forward, the borders of Burgundy enjoyed more peace than they
+had done for a long time before.
+
+In these times, the young heir of Richmond, with seven or eight hundred
+English and Picards, whom sir John de Luxembourg had sent him, made
+an inroad on the country of Ardennes, sacking many towns belonging to
+Everard de la Marche; and having done great mischiefs there with fire
+and sword, returned in safety with a very large booty.
+
+In this year, Renè duke of Bar caused the town of Commerci[13] to be
+besieged, to reduce it to his obedience, on account of the failure of
+some dues that he claimed from its lord; but through the interference
+of the constable of France, who was then in the adjoining country,
+peace was made between the parties, on the lord de Commerci promising
+to pay obedience to the duke of Bar. Thus was the siege broken up; and
+during this time the constable reduced many castles in Champagne, by
+capitulation or by storm.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 12: Douzy,--a small town in Champagne, on the borders of
+Luxembourg.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXIX.
+
+ AMADEUS DUKE OF SAVOY TURNS HERMIT, AND RESIDES AT RIPAILLE.[14]
+
+
+It was now that Amadeus duke of Savoy, who was about fifty-six years of
+age, turned hermit, and fixed his residence at Ripaille, about half a
+league from Thonon,[15] where he had been accustomed to hold his court.
+This mansion he had greatly improved; and there was adjoining an abbey
+and priory of the order of Saint Maurice, which had been founded many
+years ago by the duke's ancestors.
+
+Ten years before, the duke had a desire to become a hermit, in the
+manner he had now done, and had asked two of his most confidential
+servants if they were willing to follow his example and accompany him
+so long as he should please to remain a hermit, when they, having
+considered that he might change his mind, consented. One was sir Claude
+de Sexte: the other a valiant esquire named Henry de Colombieres.
+
+The duke having, as I said, improved and properly altered the mansion
+of Ripaille for himself and his companions, left his palace at Thonon
+during the night with few attendants, and went to Ripaille, where he
+put on the dress of a hermit, according to the order of St Maurice. It
+consisted of a grey robe, a long mantle with a grey hood, and a tippet
+of about a foot long,--a crimson bonnet over the hood, with a golden
+girdle above the robe, and on the mantle a cross of gold, similar to
+what the emperors of Germany wear.
+
+The two noble men joined him within a few days, and remonstrated with
+him on his manner of quitting Thonon, as it was not becoming his rank,
+and might be disagreeable to the three estates of his country, whom
+he had not summoned, to declare to them his intentions of becoming a
+hermit. He replied, that as he was not weakened in understanding or
+power, he would provide sufficient remedies for their dislike, and that
+their business was to keep the promises they had made to reside with
+him and keep him company. On this, seeing nothing better could be done,
+they were contented, and quickly clothed in similar dresses to what he
+wore.
+
+The duke then summoned the three estates and his son the count of
+Geneva, whom he created prince of Piedmont, and surrendered up to
+him, in the presence of the estates, the government of his country,
+reserving, however, to himself a power of taking it from him, and
+bestowing it on whomever he pleased, should he behave ill. He created
+his second son count of Geneva. But although the duke had put on the
+religious habit, and surrendered up the administration of affairs to
+his son, nothing of importance was done without his knowledge and
+approbation.
+
+With regard to his personal attendance, he retained about twenty of
+his servants to wait on him,--and his companions selected also a
+sufficiency to attend them according to their different ranks; but
+instead of roots and water, they were served with the choicest wines
+and most delicate food that could be procured[16].
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 13: Commerci,--on the Meuse, five leagues to the westward of
+Toul.]
+
+[Footnote 14: Ripaille,--a burgh of Savoy, in the Chablais, and
+principal commandery of the order of St Maurice, founded by Amadeus
+VIII. He built there a mansion for six knights-hermits, to keep him
+company in this solitude, whither he retired in 1434, being a widower
+of Mary of Burgundy, and resigned the government of his duchy, &c. to
+his son.--_La Martiniere._
+
+This retirement was supposed to arise from ambition, and the hope of
+being chosen pope, to which he was elected in 1440, and took the name
+of Felix V. He afterward resigned the popedom, and returned to his
+solitude.]
+
+[Footnote 15: Thonon,--the capital of a small country of the Chablais.]
+
+[Footnote 16: Hence, probably, came the french proverb, _faire
+ripaille_, to make good cheer.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXX.
+
+ THE COMMON PEOPLE OF NORMANDY ASSEMBLE IN LARGE BODIES BEFORE CAEN.
+
+
+The commonalty of Normandy had not forgotten the ungenerous conduct of
+the English when they had last risen in rebellion. They again assembled
+by the exhortations of the lord de Merville and other gentlemen, who
+offered to lead them to battle, to the amount of about twelve thousand,
+in the country near to Bayeux,--whence their leaders marched them
+toward Caen, with the intent of taking that town by surprise, but it
+was well defended by the garrison and inhabitants.
+
+When they found they could not succeed, they departed thence, making
+great mockeries of their enemies, and marched to Avranches, before
+which place they remained eight days, in hopes that the duke of Alençon
+would come to their support with a strong force of men at arms,--but in
+this they were disappointed.
+
+The English, in the mean time, collected numbers of men to offer
+them battle; but their intention being known to the leaders of this
+commonalty, they marched away toward Brittany and Fougeres,--and soon
+after they separated without having done any thing worthy of notice.
+For this conduct, their captains were banished, and their estates and
+effects confiscated, together with those of all their accomplices and
+adherents: but afterward some exceptions were made in regard to several
+of the commonalty.
+
+About this time, William Coraon, the English governor of Meure, made
+an excursion as far as Yvis, in the country of Ligny, with only three
+hundred combatants,--and was followed by Jean de Beaurain, with a
+company of six hundred, to give him battle, when he was defeated, and
+the greater part of his men taken or slain.
+
+La Hire now took by storm the old fort of Amiens, wherein he remained
+eight or ten days. When he had pillaged it of all it contained, he
+returned to Breteuil, whence he had come.
+
+
+
+
+[A.D. 1435.]
+
+CHAP. LXXI.
+
+ THE DUKE AND DUCHESS OF BURGUNDY RETURN FROM THAT COUNTRY TO FLANDERS
+ AND ARTOIS.
+
+
+At the beginning of this year, when the duke of Burgundy had with much
+labour freed his country from enemies, and concluded a peace between
+himself and the duke of Bourbon, he made preparations for his and the
+duchess's return from Burgundy to his territories of Flanders and
+Artois, that he might be ready to meet the ambassadors from the king
+of France at the convention at Arras. This convention was appointed to
+assemble on the 2d day of July, in the city of Arras.
+
+The duke left Dijon with his whole army, having appointed sir John de
+Vergy governor of Burgundy, and advanced toward Euchoire[17], where he
+was met by a thousand Picards, whom he had ordered thither to accompany
+him on his return. They were under the command of sir John de Croy,
+bailiff of Hainault, the lord de Saveuses, sir James de Brimeu, John de
+Brimeu, and other lords.
+
+Thence the duke marched toward Paris, crossing the river Seine at
+Montereau-faut-Yonne: he was joyfully received by the Parisians, who
+made very rich presents to him and to his duchess. Having staid there
+some days, he continued his march slowly to Arras, and dismissed all
+his men at arms so soon as he had crossed the Somme.
+
+He went soon after to visit his countries of Flanders and Brabant,
+where he consulted with his ministers on convoking all the nobles and
+gentlemen of those districts to the convention at Arras. He then sent
+an embassy to England, to inform the king and his council of this
+convention, and that it was purposely to treat of a general peace
+between France and England. The principal persons of this embassy were
+sir Hugh de Launoy, the lord de Crevecoeur, and master Quentin Mainart,
+provost of St Omer.
+
+The king of England and his ministers gave them a handsome reception;
+and they were told that the king would send ambassadors to the
+convention. On receiving this answer, they returned to their lord the
+duke of Burgundy.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 17: Euchoire. Q. Not in Martiniere.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXII.
+
+ THE FRENCH GAIN THE TOWN OF RUE FROM THE ENGLISH.
+
+
+In the beginning of the month of May, sir John de Bressay, lieutenant
+to the marshal de Rieux, Bertrand Martel, William Braquemont, the lord
+de Longueval, Charles de Marêts, and others of king Charles's party,
+assembled a body of well tried men at arms, amounting to about three
+hundred. They crossed the Somme during the night at Blanchetaque, and
+advanced to the town of Rue, which they entered by scalado, and gained
+complete possession without meeting with much resistance.
+
+The noise they made awakened the garrison; and seven or eight
+Englishmen retreated to a bulwark which they defended for some
+time,--but in the end it was taken by storm, and part of the defenders
+were put to death: the rest saved their lives on paying a large
+ransom. Many of the inhabitants were made prisoners, and others escaped
+over the walls.
+
+The town was completely plundered; and the countries of Ponthieu,
+Artois, Boulogne, and others in that neighbourhood, were in great
+alarms, when they learnt that the enemy was so near them, and so well
+supplied with all sorts of stores and provision. These alarms were
+well founded, for, shortly after, having increased their numbers, they
+overran all those parts, committing infinite mischiefs by fire and
+sword. They even one day made an excursion toward Boulogne, so far as
+Samer-au-bois, when they took many prisoners, and great numbers of
+horses and cattle.
+
+On their return, they burnt the town of Estaples, wherein were many
+handsome houses,--and continued these excursions from Rue, doing every
+sort of mischief to the farmers of those countries. However, in one of
+the expeditions near to Montrieul, sir John de Bressay, Harpin, and
+de Richammes, were made prisoners; and at another time were taken the
+little Blanchefort and one of the bastards de Reully,--and on these
+accounts the country suffered the more.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXIII.
+
+ LA HIRE, POTON, PHILIP DE LA TOUR, AND THE LORD DE FONTAINES, DEFEAT
+ THE EARL OF ARUNDEL BEFORE THE CASTLE OF GERBEROY.
+
+
+The duke of Bedford was at Rouen when he heard of the capture of Rue.
+He was remonstrated with on the great prejudice this would be to those
+of his party, more particularly to the town and castle of Crotoy. To
+provide a remedy, he wrote to the earl of Arundel, then quartered near
+to Mantes, ordering him to collect all his men and to march them to
+Gournay in Normandy, thence to Neuf-châtel d'Azincourt, to Abbeville
+and to Ponthieu, instantly to besiege the town of Rue.
+
+The earl partly obeyed the orders of the duke, and marched eight
+hundred of his men to Gournay, with the intent of continuing the
+line of march prescribed to him. But from the representations of the
+inhabitants of Gournay, Gisors and other places, he changed his mind;
+for having heard at Gournay that the French were repairing an old
+fortress called Gerberoy, between Beauvais and Gournay, he judged it
+would be very prejudicial to the english interests were they suffered
+to finish the works they had begun. In consequence, therefore, of the
+representations of the towns of the english party that were near to it,
+he determined to attack the French at Gerberoy, and take the fort by
+storm.
+
+He caused a sufficiency of provision and artillery to be collected at
+Gournay, and marched from thence about midnight, accompanied by some of
+the garrison. At eight o'clock in the morning his van came in sight of
+Gerberoy, and the rest followed with the baggage, not aware indeed that
+the French were so numerous, or under such captains.
+
+The earl posted his men in a field inclosed with hedges, and detached
+a hundred, or six score, toward the barriers of the castle, that the
+garrison might not sally forth and surprise them.
+
+While this was going forward, Poton, La Hire, sir Regnault de
+Fontaines, Philip de la Tour, and other valiant captains who had
+arrived there the preceding night with five or six hundred combatants,
+held a council how they should act, and whether they should wait or
+not for the enemy to attack them. This question was long debated by
+some, who strongly urged their being badly provided with provision and
+warlike stores, and that if they allowed themselves to be shut up in
+the castle, they would run great risks: others declared they would not
+wait a siege, and therefore advised to attack them on their arrival. It
+was at length unanimously concluded for an immediate attack; and that
+the three principal captains, namely, Poton, La Hire, and Regnault de
+Fontaines, should be on horseback, with sixty of the best mounted and
+most expert lances, and that all the remainder, men at arms, archers
+and guisarmes, should be on foot, excepting a few that were to remain
+behind to guard the fort. They likewise ordered that when the enemy
+should advance, but few should at the first appear, in order that their
+numbers might not be known. Having thus arranged their plan, they
+armed themselves, and made preparations for the combat.
+
+When the earl of Arundel had properly posted his six score men by way
+of advanced guard, the remainder were encamping themselves to wait for
+the arrival of the main body and rear of their army. During this time,
+the watch the French had placed on the castle observed a very large
+and thick body of English advancing, by far more considerable than the
+first, and followed by a long train of waggons.
+
+They instantly informed their captains of what they had seen, who now,
+thinking it a fit opportunity for them to make their attack before the
+two bodies joined, ordered their infantry to sally out of the castle
+as quietly as they could, and fall on the English, whom they half
+surprised, and shortly defeated, putting the greater part to death.
+Then those on horseback (who had sallied out to prevent the earl from
+assisting his men whom he had posted near the barriers) advanced toward
+the main body of the English, who were near at hand, and careless of
+the enemy because their commander was before them, and immediately
+threw them into confusion, and repeated their charges so vigorously
+that they could not recover themselves; great part retreated to
+Gournay, or fled to other places, while the rest were either slain or
+taken. La Hire chaced the runaways full two leagues, when many were
+killed and made prisoners.
+
+The infantry had approached the earl of Arundel, who, with the remnant
+of his men, had retired to a corner of the field, having his rear to
+a thick hedge, and his front guarded by pointed stakes,--so that this
+fortification could not be forced by the French. Seeing this, they had
+a culverine brought from their fort,--and, at the second shot, hit
+the earl near the ancle, so that he was grievously wounded and could
+scarcely support himself.
+
+When La Hire was returning from the pursuit, with the many prisoners
+he had made, he observed this body of English under the earl quite
+entire: collecting more forces, he began to combat them,--and they
+were soon reduced to a similar state with their companions, the whole
+of them being killed or taken. Among the last, those of name were the
+earl of Arundel, sir Richard de Dondeville[18], Mondo Domonferrant,
+Restandif[19], and others, to the amount of six score, that remained
+prisoners in the hands of the French. Upward of twelve score were
+slain,--and the remainder saved themselves by flight where they could.
+
+When the business was over, the French collected their men, and found
+that they had not lost more than twenty. They were very joyful for this
+signal victory,--and, having devoutly returned thanks for it to their
+Creator, they returned to their castle. The earl of Arundel was removed
+thence to Beauvais, where he died of his wound, and was buried in the
+church of the cordelier-friars. The other English prisoners redeemed
+themselves by ransoms; and thus those in Rue remained unmolested. They
+daily increased their strength, and made excursions over the countries
+far and near.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 18: Woodville.]
+
+[Footnote 19: Dondo Domonferrant, Restandif. Q.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXIV.
+
+ THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY IS DISPLEASED WITH THE INHABITANTS OF ANTWERP.
+
+
+In these days, while the duke of Burgundy was in Brabant, he collected
+a large force of men at arms from Picardy and other countries under
+his obedience, whom he intended to march into Antwerp, by means of
+certain connexions which he had established in that town, to punish the
+magistrates and inhabitants, who had incurred his displeasure.
+
+The cause of his anger was, that a long time before, they had seized
+by force a large vessel belonging to the duke, and filled with his
+men,--which vessel he had stationed at the mouth of their harbour,
+so that all vessels trafficking to Antwerp must pass close to it, on
+whom the duke's men laid several taxes that were, as they said, highly
+prejudicial to their commerce, and contrary to the oaths which the late
+dukes of Brabant had always made on taking possession of the dukedom,
+and which the duke of Burgundy himself had also taken.
+
+On this account, the townsmen of Antwerp, without giving any notice to
+the duke, had seized the vessel, and confined those found within it in
+prison. The duke was so much displeased with their conduct that he had
+collected the force before mentioned to punish them.--In the mean time,
+his intentions were known to the men of Antwerp, who, though greatly
+surprised thereat, lost no time in providing men at arms to defend
+their town, should it be attacked.
+
+They went in a body to the abbey of St Michael, where the duke was
+lodged whenever he visited Antwerp, having suspicions that some of
+their enemies were in it; but alter searching every part both above and
+below, and finding no one, they broke down the walls, to prevent them
+becoming places of defence. After this, they retired to continue their
+warlike preparations.
+
+When the duke of Burgundy found that they had discovered his purposes,
+and were preparing to resist them, he disbanded his men at arms. At the
+same time, he caused it to be proclaimed through the principal towns
+in Flanders, Brabant, and his other dependances, that no one, under
+pain of being capitally punished, should carry provision or stores of
+any kind to Antwerp, nor give to the inhabitants any counsel or aid
+whatever. The Antwerpers were in great distress and dismay on hearing
+of these proclamations,--but they carefully guarded their town, and
+remained a considerable time in this situation. However, at length a
+treaty was entered into between them, by which the duke received a very
+large sum of money, and the magistrates recovered his good graces.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXV.
+
+ THE FRENCH CONQUER THE TOWN OF ST DENIS FROM THE ENGLISH.
+
+
+While these things were passing in Brabant, the French won the town
+of St Denis from the English by storm. They were about twelve hundred
+combatants, under the command of sir John Foulcault, sir Louis de
+Vaucourt, sir Regnault de St Jean, and other captains, who put to
+death some of the English whom they found in the town. The Parisians
+began to be alarmed by this conquest, as it was so near, and would
+probably cut off all provision coming to Paris,--for the French made
+frequent excursions to their walls.
+
+To prevent any supplies being delayed from Normandy, they sent
+deputations to the duke of Bedford at Rouen, and to Louis de Luxembourg
+bishop of Therouenne, and chancellor of France for king Henry, to
+request that a sufficiency of men at arms might be ordered to Paris, to
+defend them against the enemy.
+
+By the advice of the chancellor, sir John bastard of St Pol, Louis his
+brother, Waleran de Moreul, sir Ferry de Mailly, Robert de Neufville,
+and some other gentlemen, with five hundred men, were sent to them from
+the frontiers of Picardy. They took the road from Rouen, and safely
+arrived in Paris, where they were most joyously received; and, with the
+counsels and aid of the lord de l'Isle-Adam, governor of Paris for king
+Henry, they commenced a sharp warfare with the French in St Denis.
+
+The French, notwithstanding the resistance they experienced, frequently
+advanced near to Paris,--and many severe conflicts took place between
+that town and Saint Denis. They also gained the castle of Escouen,
+near Montmorency, from the English, and put to death about thirty whom
+they found in it. They then marched to the castle of Orville, near to
+Louvres, belonging to Anglois d'Aunay, knight, attached to the party of
+Henry of Lancaster. When they had been before it two days, a treaty was
+concluded for its surrender on a certain day, unless the English should
+appear there in force to offer the French battle.
+
+Before the term expired, the lords Talbot, Scales, and Warwick, with
+George de Richammes, the bastard de Thian, sir François l'Arragonois,
+and others, to the amount of three thousand combatants, assembled, and
+marched to join the lord de l'Isle-Adam in Paris; and, when united,
+they all came to the castle of Orville to keep the appointment made
+with the French for its surrender; but the French neither appeared
+nor sent any message, so that this castle remained in the peaceful
+possession of its lord. Henceforward, the English were superior in the
+field to their enemies in the Isle de France, and subjected the whole
+of the open country to their obedience, reconquering several castles
+held by the French.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXVI.
+
+ THE FRENCH, AFTER HAVING AGREED TO A TRUCE WITH THE BURGUNDIANS ON THE
+ FRONTIERS OF THE BEAUVOISIS, OVERRUN THE BOULONOIS AND OTHER PARTS.
+
+
+At this time, a truce was concluded by the partisans of the duke of
+Burgundy on the frontiers of Santerre and Mondidier, with La Hire and
+his men. The last engaged, for a large sum of money paid down, to
+demolish the strong castle of Bretueil in the Beauvoisis, which was
+done.
+
+On the conclusion of this truce, the great and little Blanchefort,[20]
+Poton the Burgundian, and about six hundred combatants, marched away
+from the country of Beauvais to the town of Rue. They had not been
+long there when they made an excursion, together with the garrison,
+into the country of the Boulonnois. They marched silently by the town
+of Estaples, not to alarm it, and advanced to Deure, and thence to
+Samer-aux-bois.
+
+The inhabitants of this part of the country were totally unsuspecting
+of any attack likely to be made on them, and were therefore a
+defenceless prey to the enemy, who made prisoners of the greater
+part, bound them, and carried them away with all their most valuable
+furniture and stock. They ransomed the town of Samer for a considerable
+sum of money,--and on their return spread themselves over the country,
+destroying every thing with fire and sword without meeting any
+opposition.
+
+Having burnt many houses in the town of Fresnes, and done unnumbered
+mischiefs to the Boulonnois, they returned with a multitude of
+prisoners to Estaples, where they halted and refreshed themselves for
+some time; and because the inhabitants had retreated within the castle,
+and would not ransom their town, they set it on fire, and committed
+every damage on their departure, which was a grievous loss, for it was
+well built and very populous. They made their retreat good to the town
+of Rue, notwithstanding that sir John de Croy, the lord de Crequi, the
+lord de Humieres, and others of the country, had assembled, to the
+amount of three hundred combatants, in the hopes of cutting off their
+retreat. It was in vain, for the French rode in such compact order that
+no advantage could be taken of them,--and they arrived safely at the
+places whence they had come.
+
+When the French had remained some days at Rue, and divided their
+plunder, they made another excursion toward Dourlens and Hêdin, burning
+and destroying the countries they traversed, and bringing home many
+prisoners and great pillage of every thing that was portable. They
+returned by La Broi, and made an attack on the castle; but it was so
+well defended, by those whom the vidame of Amiens had placed therein,
+that several of the assailants were wounded. Perceiving that they were
+losing time, they retreated to Rue with their plunder.
+
+They continued these inroads on the territories of the duke of
+Burgundy; but in one of them Harpin de Richammes made prisoner sir John
+de Bressay, near Montrueil. At another time, the little Blanchefort was
+taken by one of the bastards of Renty. In this manner did the French
+destroy those parts that were near to Rue: they even burnt the town of
+Cressi on the Authie, which was part of the proper domain of the king.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 20: Little Blanchefort was made prisoner in the lxxiid
+chapter.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXVII.
+
+ THE CARDINALS OF SANTA CROCE AND OF CYPRUS COME TO ARRAS, TO ATTEND
+ THE CONVENTION.
+
+
+In the month of July, two cardinals, sent by the pope and the council
+of Basil, with many ambassadors of note from divers nations, arrived
+at Arras, to be present at the ensuing convention for establishing a
+general peace. On the part of the holy father, came the cardinal of
+Santa Croce, archdeacon of Metz, attended by some theologians. On that
+of the council, the cardinal of Cyprus, accompanied by the bishop of
+Ache, and a doctor called Nicholas, ambassador from the king of Poland;
+and the bishop of Alba in the same capacity, from the duke of Milan.
+With them came also the bishop of Uzes and the abbot de Vezelay, and
+other envoys from various lords in distant countries.
+
+They might amount, in the whole, to about eight score masters, and
+were handsomely received by the bishop of Arras, his clergy, and the
+inhabitants, as well as by the attendants of the duke of Burgundy, from
+whom they had had orders to that effect.
+
+The whole of the town went out to meet them on their arrival, with
+great crowds of people, who escorted them with cries of joy to their
+hôtels, where many rich presents were made them.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXVIII.
+
+ LOUIS DE LUXEMBOURG, COUNT OF ST POL, ESPOUSES JOAN OF BAR, COUNTESS
+ OF MARLE AND OF SOISSONS.
+
+
+On Sunday the 16th day of July, in this year, Louis de Luxembourg,
+count of St Pol, of Conversan, of Braine, and lord of Anghien, espoused
+Joan of Bar, only daughter to sir Robert de Bar, countess of Marle and
+of Soissons, lady of Dunkirk, of Varneston, and of many other valuable
+places, niece to sir John de Luxembourg, count of Ligny, uncle to the
+said count of St Pol.
+
+The marriage was celebrated in the castle of Bohaim, and attended by
+at least one hundred knights and esquires, relatives or friends of the
+parties, but not one prince of the royal blood of France, to which the
+countess was very nearly connected. At this feast were the dowager
+countess of St Pol, mother to count Louis, with several of her children.
+
+The count de Ligny was reported to have paid all the expenses of this
+feast, which was most, abundantly served with every delicacy in food
+and liquors,--to which were added justings and all kinds of pastimes.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXIX.
+
+ THE FRENCH ARE DEFEATED NEAR TO RETHEL, BY THE BASTARD DE HUMIERES.
+
+
+At this period, some of king Charles's captains guarding the frontiers
+near Rheims assembled about four hundred combatants to make an inroad
+toward Rethel, and other parts attached to the duke of Burgundy,--and
+in fact collected a great number of peasants, cows, horses, and other
+plunder, which they proposed to carry back with them in safety to their
+garrisons. The chief of this expedition was Yvon du Puys.
+
+News of it, however, came to the bastard de Humieres, governor of
+Herquery, who instantly called out his men at arms, and pursued the
+French so rapidly that he overtook them, and a combat ensued, in which
+these marauders were completely defeated, leaving forty dead on the
+field; the rest saving themselves by flight in the best manner they
+could. On the part of the bastard, his loss did not amount to more than
+ten men.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXX.
+
+ AMBASSADORS FROM THE KING OF ENGLAND ARRIVE AT ARRAS TO ATTEND THE
+ CONVENTION.
+
+
+At this time, the ambassadors from the king of England arrived at
+Arras, to attend the convention with the council of the duke of
+Burgundy. They were about two hundred knights, the principal of whom
+were the archbishop of York, the earl of Suffolk, the bishop of St
+David's, sir John Radcliffe, keeper of the king's privy seal, the
+lord Hungerford, master Raoul le Saige, official to the archbishop of
+Canterbury, and some other theologians.
+
+They were lodged within the city of Arras, and cheerfully attended
+to in whatever they might be in want of by the servants of the duke
+of Burgundy. At the same time, there came from divers nations other
+ambassadors and mediators. The duke of Gueldres, the count Nassau, the
+bishop of Cambray, the count de Vernambourg, the bishop of Liege, the
+count de Vaudemont, the count de Nevers, the count de Salines, the duke
+of Bar, and in general all the higher nobility of the countries of the
+duke of Burgundy, came thither to support his claims and pretensions.
+They were all grandly dressed,--and soon after the counts of St Pol and
+of Ligny arrived with a handsome retinue.
+
+On the 28th day of July, the duke of Burgundy entered Arras: he had
+lain the preceding night at his town of Lens in Artois. The whole
+company in Arras, attached to the embassy from England, went out a
+league beyond the walls to meet him,--as did the attendants of the two
+cardinals,--and when they met the duke, every one was most honourably
+received by him.
+
+The duke's entrance into Arras was well ordered, he having the archers
+of his body-guard, all dressed in a rich uniform, to precede him,--and
+wherever he passed, the people sang carols for his arrival. In this
+state, he went to pay his compliments to the cardinal de Santa Croce,
+and then to the cardinal of Cyprus, whence he retired to his lodgings
+in his hôtel at La Cour-le-Comte.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXXI.
+
+ AMBASSADORS FROM FRANCE ARRIVE AT ARRAS, TO ATTEND THIS CONVENTION.
+
+
+On the Sunday following, the last day of July, the embassy from king
+Charles of France arrived at Arras. The ambassadors had come from
+Rheims, through Laon to St Quentin in the Vermandois, where they had
+been joyfully received by the magistrates and townsmen; and to this
+place the duke of Burgundy had sent the count d'Estampes, attended by
+many knights and esquires, to meet and to conduct them to Arras.
+
+After a few days stay at St Quentin, they all departed together for
+Cambray, and thence they journeyed until they came to the wood of
+Mouf-laine, within half a league of Arras. The principal persons
+in this embassy were the duke of Bourbon, the count de Richemont,
+constable of France, who had each married a sister of the duke of
+Burgundy, the count de Vendôme, the archbishop and duke of Rheims
+chancellor of France, sir Christopher de Harcourt, sir Theolde de
+Valperge, the lord de la Fayette marshal of France, the lords de St
+Pierre and du Châtel, sir James du Bois, sir John de Châtillon bastard
+de Dampierre, sir Paillaird du Fiè, the lord de Raillieq, the lord de
+Rommet, the lord de Courselles, master Adam de Cambray first president
+of the parliament, the dean of Paris, named master John Tudart, the
+treasurer of Anjou, the borgne Blesset, master John Chanetier, the lord
+de Cletel, the lord de la Motte, master Adam le Queux, master John de
+Taisè, with many other able men, as well noble as not, accompanied by
+four or five hundred horsemen, including those who had gone before to
+prepare their lodgings.
+
+The duke of Burgundy, attended by his household, the duke of Gueldres,
+and the other princes and nobles in Arras, with the exception of the
+English, went out to meet them. He joined them about a quarter of a
+league from the town, when great marks of friendship and affection were
+mutually displayed on both sides, more especially between the duke
+and his two brothers-in-law, who frequently embraced each other. When
+the compliments of meeting were over, they all proceeded, in handsome
+array, at a slow pace, toward Arras,--the three dukes, of Burgundy,
+Bourbon, and Gueldres, riding abreast at the head of the line. They
+were preceded by six trumpets and clarions, sounding most melodiously,
+and by numbers of kings at arms, heralds and pursuivants, dressed in
+tabards, with the arms of the different princes then at Arras, among
+whom Montjoye, king at arms for king Charles of France, took the lead.
+
+Next to them, but a few paces before the dukes, rode the constable,
+the counts de Vendôme and d'Estampes, and the damoisel de Cleves, with
+a few more of the higher nobility: the remainder of the knights,
+lords and esquires followed close behind the dukes; and in this order
+they advanced in front of the town-house, to the small market-place,
+multitudes of people shouting and singing carols wherever they passed.
+
+The duke of Burgundy now separated from them, and returned with his
+household to his lodgings: he would have attended his brothers-in-law
+to their hôtels, but they insisted he should return, while they made a
+visit to the two cardinals. Having done this, they went to the lodgings
+that had been prepared for them, and received many rich presents from
+churchmen as well as from seculars.
+
+On the third day afterward, the duchess of Burgundy arrived at Arras,
+and the French and English ambassadors went out to meet her, as did all
+the nobles, and the attendants of the cardinals, most richly clothed.
+She was carried in an ornamented litter, dressed in cloth of gold, and
+a variety of precious stones; behind her rode on palfreys six of her
+ladies and damsels, elegantly and nobly habited, with robes and hood
+decorated, and covered with wrought silver and gold. Next came three
+three handsome cars, in which were the countess de Namur and others of
+the duchess's ladies and damsels, dressed in similar robes and hoods to
+the others.
+
+Near to the litter were the dukes de Bourbon and de Gueldres, the
+constable of France, and the count de Vendôme,--and the rest of the
+nobility rode either before or behind the duchess, excepting the
+English, who had taken their leave of her while in the open country,
+and were returned to their lodgings in Arras.
+
+The duchess, thus attended, went to pay her respects to the cardinals;
+after which she went to the hôtel of her lord the duke of Burgundy,
+who received her most joyfully and honourably, and gave a handsome
+entertainment to the two dukes and the other nobles who had accompanied
+her.
+
+Among the numerous ambassadors that came from divers parts, were those
+from the city of Paris, namely, the abbot of Mont St Catherine de
+Rouen, master William Breton, master John le Monstardier, master Thomas
+de Courselles, master Robert Poitevin. There were likewise others from
+the kings of Sicily, Spain, Navarre, Poland, Asia, Romania, and from
+the principal towns of Holland, Zealand, Flanders, Brabant, Hainault,
+Namur, Burgundy, whose names it would be tedious to relate: each of
+them were handsomely lodged by the purveyors of the duke, who, with
+others, had been especially ordered for this purpose. They were all
+abundantly supplied with any sort of provision they inclined to buy
+during the three months they staid in Arras. No accident happened
+during this time,--but there was much alarm, that mischief would have
+happened from the heat with which disputes were carried on, while the
+matter of peace was debating. Commissaries were appointed to patrole
+the town night and day to see that no disorders arose, and that no
+extortions were practised in the markets.
+
+The duke had ordered about one hundred gentlemen and two hundred
+archers to be always armed, under the command of some of the lords of
+his household, such as the lord de Croy, sir John de Horne, the lord
+de Crevecoeur, the lord de Chargny, John de Brimeu and others, as well
+for his own personal security as to be ready, should occasion require
+it, to put an end to any affrays. The duke was always attended by fifty
+archers.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXXII.
+
+ SIR JOHN DE MELLO, A KNIGHT OF SPAIN, AND THE LORD DE CHARGNY COMBAT
+ EACH OTHER IN THE PRESENCE OF THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY AT ARRAS.
+
+
+On the 11th day of August in this year, a combat at arms took place at
+Arras, in the presence of the duke of Burgundy as judge of the lists.
+A handsome scaffold was erected for him in the great market-place, on
+which were seated behind him the dukes of Bourbon and of Gueldres, the
+counts de Richemont constable, de Vendôme, d'Estampes, and many other
+great lords.
+
+The combat was between sir John de Mello, a very renowned knight
+banneret of Spain, appellant, without any defamatory quarrel, but
+solely to acquire honour, against Pierre de Bauffremont lord of
+Chargny, knight banneret also, a native of Burgundy, and knight of the
+Golden Fleece. The terms were to break three lances only.
+
+When the lord de Chargny had acceded to this request, he in his turn
+demanded from the Spanish knight a combat on foot with battle-axes,
+swords and daggers, until one of them should lose his arms, or place
+his hands on his knees or on the ground,--subject, however, in all
+cases, to the decisions of the judge of the field.
+
+These proposals having been for some time agreed to by the two knights,
+on Thursday morning, about ten o'clock, the Spanish knight appeared
+in the lists, attended by four others, whom the duke of Burgundy had
+ordered to accompany him,--namely, the lord de l'Or, governor of the
+Rethelois, the lord de Ligny, the lord de Saveuses, and the lord de
+Sainzelles, with four or five of his attendants, one of whom bore on
+the end of a lance a small banner emblazoned with his arms. The other
+knights carried his lances; and thus, without more pomp, he made his
+obeisance to the duke of Burgundy, and retired from the lists, by the
+way he had come, on the left hand of the duke.
+
+He waited a considerable time for his adversary, who at length appeared
+grandly accompanied by the counts d'Estampes, de St Pol, and de Ligny,
+together with the earl of Suffolk, all bearing his lances. Behind him
+were four coursers, richly caparisoned with his arms and devices, with
+pages covered with robes of wrought silver,--and the procession was
+closed by the greater part of the knights and esquires of the duke of
+Burgundy's household. Having made his bow to the duke, as the Spanish
+knight had done, he withdrew to the right of the lists.
+
+When they were ready, they ran some tilts with lances, without any
+injury on either side. Then the Spaniard mounted a courser which the
+duke of Bourbon had lent him, for his own shied at a lance. They broke
+their lances with great courage against each other, until the number
+agreed on had been performed. Neither were wounded, although the helmet
+of don Mello was a little broken. They then quitted the lists, with
+the assent of the duke of Burgundy, and returned to their lodgings
+accompanied as before.
+
+The Spaniard wore over his armour a vermillion-coloured mantle, with
+a white cross on it, like to the badge of the French, which created
+a disgust in some of the burgundian lords, as it seemed to mark a
+partiality for their enemies. When he was informed of this, he excused
+himself by saying, that in consequence of the strict alliance which had
+so long continued between the kingdoms of France and Spain, he could
+not with propriety wear any other badge.
+
+On the morrow, which was a Friday, the duke of Burgundy proceeded to
+the lists, between eight and nine o'clock in the morning, grandly
+attended by his chivalry, and with him came the princes who had
+accompanied him the preceding day. Shortly after, the lord de Chargny,
+the appellant, appeared with the same persons as on the first day, who
+carried the weapons he was to combat with. He was mounted on a courser
+covered with housings of his arms, and followed by four pages mounted
+in like manner, and by the greater part of the knights and esquires of
+the duke of Burgundy's household, with some other nobles.
+
+Having thus entered the lists, he went to dismount at his pavilion,
+and thence on foot to make his obeisance to the duke; after which he
+retired to a seat, where he waited a full hour for his adversary.
+When he arrived, he was accompanied as on the preceding day,--and the
+knights and esquires whom the duke of Burgundy had appointed to attend
+him bore his weapons for the combat. Behind him were his servants, one
+of them carrying a small banner at the end of a lance. On his entering
+the lists, he saluted the duke, and withdrew to his pavilion.
+
+While he remained there, he was frequently admonished by the knights
+that attended him, who gave him the best advice in their power for the
+success of his combat,--but he paid not any attention to what they
+said, nor would discover to them his plans, telling them not to be any
+way concerned about him, for that, with God's good pleasure, he would
+do his duty.
+
+Every thing being ready, the king at arms, called Golden Fleece,
+proclaimed, in three different parts of the lists, that all who had
+not been otherwise ordered should quit the lists, and that no one
+should give any hinderance to the two champions under pain of being
+punished by the duke of Burgundy with death. Eight gentlemen armed were
+appointed to stop or raise up either of the champions, as the judge
+of the field should direct. When the proclamation was made, the lord
+de Chargny issued out of his pavilion, holding his battle-axe by the
+middle in his right hand, the iron part toward his adversary, and thus
+advanced a little forward.
+
+The Spanish knight advanced at the same time from his pavilion, having
+a kerchief thrown over his helmet that covered his vizor, which was
+half raised,--but this kerchief was taken away, when he was advancing,
+by his servants. They made for each other with vigorous strides,
+brandishing their lances; but the Spaniard all this time had his vizor
+raised.
+
+The lord de Chargny, without waiting for his adversary, threw his lance
+at him as he approached, while the Spaniard advanced to throw his,
+and hit him on the side, where he was wounded, as well as in the arm,
+for the lance hung in the vambraces of his his armour, whence the
+lord de Chargny soon shook it off on the ground. The two champions now
+approached with great courage, and handled their weapons very nobly;
+but the lord de Chargny was much displeased that his adversary did not
+close his vizor.
+
+While they were thus combating, the duke of Burgundy gave his signal
+for the battle to cease, and ordered the champions to be brought before
+him, who seemed very much vexed that an end had been put so soon to
+their combat,--more especially the Spaniard, who twice declared aloud
+that he was far from being pleased that so little had been done; for
+that he had come at a great expense, and with much fatigue by sea and
+land, from a far country, to acquire honour and renown.
+
+The duke told him, that he had most honourably done his duty and
+accomplished his challenge. After this, they were escorted back to
+their lodgings in the same manner as before. The Spanish knight was
+much noticed by very many of the nobles present, who greatly praised
+him for his courage, in thus having fought with his vizor raised,--for
+the like had not been before seen.
+
+When this combat was over, the duke of Burgundy paid great respect and
+attention to the Spanish knight, by feasting him at his hôtel on the
+Sunday and following days,--presenting him, at the same time, with many
+rich presents, to reimburse him for all the expenses he had been at.
+The knight soon afterward took leave of the duke and his company, and
+departed from Arras on his return to his own country.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXXIII.
+
+ THE FRENCH AND BURGUNDIANS ARE ON VERY AMICABLE TERMS IN ARRAS.
+
+
+On the Monday, which was the feast of our Lady of the middle of
+August, the dukes of Burgundy, of Bourbon, and of Gueldres, the counts
+d'Estampes, de Richemont, de Vendôme, de St Pol, de Ligny, de Meurs
+and de Nassau, with the greater part of their attendant knights and
+esquires, went on horseback in great concord from the hôtel of the
+duke of Burgundy, to hear the mass of our Lady in the city, richly
+dressed in most splendid habiliments. The poor people, who were there
+in crowds, were very much rejoiced to see this, as they hoped it would
+be the forerunner of a general peace that was so much wanted and wished
+for. After the mass, most part of them returned to the apartments of
+the duke of Burgundy and dined, and were sumptuously served with an
+abundance and variety of dishes.
+
+The English ambassadors were not well pleased at these entertainments;
+and from the frequent intercourse that took place between the French
+and the duke, they suspected some treaties were in agitation that would
+not be for the advantage of their country.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXXIV.
+
+ THE CARDINAL OF WINCHESTER COMES TO ARRAS TO ATTEND THE CONVENTION.
+
+
+The cardinal of Winchester arrived at Arras on the 19th day of August,
+to be present at the convention, attended by the earl of Huntingdon
+and other noble knights and esquires from England, to the amount of
+three hundred horsemen. The dukes of Burgundy and of Gueldres, with
+the counts de St Pol, de Ligny, de Meurs, and the greater part of the
+duke of Burgundy's nobles, went out of Arras to meet him. The duke and
+cardinal mutually paid each other the greatest respect, as did the
+other lords; and they returned together to the gate of Arras, where
+they separated, and the cardinal and his attendants went to lodge at
+the palace of the bishop.
+
+Ambassadors daily arrived from various nations. The place of meeting
+for this convention was fixed at the abbey of St Vaast, where
+there were apartments sufficiently spacious and numerous for the
+purpose,--and there the three parties assembled, in the presence of
+the two cardinals who had first come thither. The cardinal de Santa
+Croce harangued them most eloquently on the great inconveniences all
+Christendom had laboured under from the severity and long continuance
+of the war,--admonishing them, at the same time, with much feeling,
+that, from their love to God, they would not separate without
+concluding a peace, and that they would not insist on any terms but
+such as each might mutually concede to the other.
+
+After this harangue, the convention met on several different
+days,--and many proposals for a treaty were brought forward, so
+contradictory that it was difficult to reconcile them. Among others,
+king Charles's ministers required that king Henry of England should
+desist from styling himself king of France, on condition of having the
+sovereignties of Guyenne and Normandy given up to him,--but to this the
+English ministers would not agree.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXXV.
+
+ DURING THE MEETING OF THE CONVENTION AT ARRAS, LA HIRE AND POTON
+ OVERRUN AND FORAGE THE COUNTRY OF THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY.
+
+
+On the 20th day of this month of August, while the convention was
+sitting at Arras, La Hire and Poton de Saintrailles, with six hundred
+combatants, six score being lance-men, whom they had assembled on the
+frontiers of Beauvais, rode during the night for the river Somme, which
+they crossed at Cappy; thence they retreated, and fell back on Dourlens
+and Beauquesne, to forage the country. They divided into smaller
+bodies, and collected a great booty of peasants, cattle, horses, sheep,
+and other things, with which they marched back the way they had come to
+recross the Somme.
+
+Intelligence was brought of this, by the lord de Saveuses, to the duke
+of Burgundy, who was much troubled thereat, as he feared the matters
+that were then under discussion in the convention would be greatly
+retarded. To provide a remedy, he ordered the counts d'Estampes, de St
+Pol, de Ligny, with the greater part of his chivalry, to mount their
+horses, and repel the French. With them went some of the English lords,
+to the amount of about three hundred horsemen,--so that they were in
+the whole full sixteen hundred, but most of them were without armour.
+
+They hastened toward Mailly and Attinghen, having sent forward the lord
+de Saveuses, with some scouts, to collect intelligence of the enemy.
+They soon learnt the line of march the French were following with their
+plunder to cross the water, and pressed forward with so much diligence
+that they overtook them near to Corbie, at a town called Boumay, on the
+water of Helly.
+
+The French, hearing of this pursuit, detached a party of their men at
+arms to guard the passage of this river, and marched to draw up in
+battle-array on a hill between Corbie and Helly. In the mean time, sir
+John de Croy was dispatched, with a certain number of men at arms, to
+gain this passage,--but he was defeated and made prisoner: ten or
+twelve of the French were slain, but the rest retreated to their main
+body on the hill.
+
+The Burgundians and English, having crossed the river, advanced and
+drew up in order of battle at the foot of the hill, where they remained
+for a good half-hour, without any intention of combating the French,
+for they were too slightly armed.
+
+While this was passing, the duke of Bourbon, and the constable of
+France, sent from Arras messengers to the French, to order them to
+retreat, and restore the plunder they had taken; so that when the two
+parties had been for some time drawn up in battle against each other,
+they separated without coming to action, and returned the way they had
+come; for the French, in obedience to the orders they had received
+from their ambassadors at the convention, restored the greater part of
+their prisoners, and the pillage they had collected,--but it was sorely
+against their will. They lost about twenty men in killed and prisoners.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXXVI.
+
+ THE KINGS OF ARRAGON AND NAVARRE ARE DEFEATED, AND MADE PRISONERS,
+ BEFORE GAIETA, BY THE ARMY OF THE DUKE OF MILAN.
+
+
+On the 16th day of August, in this year, the kings of Arragon and of
+Navarre, the grand master of the order of St James, their brother, the
+duke of Sessia, and his son the count de Fondi, the prince of Tarentum,
+his son sir Christopher Garganeymè,[21] surnamed the Eagle, the viceroy
+of Sicily, and four hundred knights and esquires, were made prisoners
+before the town of Gaieta, and their army, of four thousand soldiers,
+defeated.
+
+They had been employed in besieging the town of Gaieta by sea and
+land, to the great displeasure of Philip Maria Visconti duke of Milan,
+who had prepared an army and stores in Genoa to raise the siege and
+revictual the place. The commander of this army for the duke of Milan
+was the admiral of Genoa, who attempted to enter the port and throw in
+succours; but the besiegers marched to the shore to combat him,--and
+though they were far more numerous than he was, fortune favoured him,
+and he completely routed the arragonian and neapolitan forces.
+
+The kings and princes before mentioned were carried by the admiral
+prisoners to Genoa, then under the protection of the duke of Milan,
+and were soon after delivered up to him on certain terms agreed upon
+between him and the Genoese, and also on his promising not to give them
+their liberty without their consent.
+
+This promise, however, he did not keep; for, after he had handsomely
+entertained them in his town of Milan, he gave them their liberty
+without ransom, or insisting on any terms, and even made them, on their
+departure, many rich gifts. When this came to the knowledge of the
+Genoese, they were very indignant thereat, and not without reason, for
+they were their inveterate enemies; and they now withdrew themselves
+from the obedience and protection of the duke of Milan.[22]
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 21: Garganeymè. Q.]
+
+[Footnote 22: 'In the year 1435, the town of Gaieta, in the kingdom
+of Naples, offered to submit itself to the protection of the Genoese,
+to avoid falling into the hands of Alphonso king of Arragon. In
+consequence, Francisco Spinola and Ottolino Zoppo are sent with a good
+garrison to defend the place. Alphonso hastens to besiege it,--and
+Gaieta, ill provided with provision, is reduced to great distress.
+
+'The Genoese, informed of the situation of the garrison, send thither,
+on the 22d July, a fleet under the command of Luca Aseréto, a famous
+captain, to their relief. Alphonso, hearing of this, embarks on board
+his own fleet, with all the nobility and eleven thousand combatants.
+The fleets meet near to the island of Ponza on the 5th August, and the
+battle lasts from sun-rise to night, but victory is on the side of the
+Genoese. It could not be more complete: the king of Arragon, his two
+brothers, John king of Navarre, the infant don Henry, with a quantity
+of nobles, are made prisoners; and of fourteen vessels, only one
+escaped.
+
+'The besieged, on learning this event, make a sally, drive the enemy
+from their lines, and deliver the place. The prisoners are carried from
+on board the fleet to Milan, where the duke entertains the king of
+Arragon magnificently, enters into a league with him, and gives him and
+his companions their liberty without ransom. This generosity causes the
+Genoese to lose the fruit of their victory, and enrages them against
+the duke of Milan. On the 12th December, they rise in arms, kill the
+governor, drive away the Milanese, and shake off the yoke of the duke.'
+
+ _Art de Verifier les Dates._]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXXVII.
+
+ THE CARDINAL OF WINCHESTER AND THE WHOLE OF THE ENGLISH EMBASSY LEAVE
+ ARRAS.--OTHER AMBASSADORS ARRIVE THERE.
+
+
+The cardinal of Winchester, and the English embassy, left Arras on
+the 6th day of September for England, without concluding on any terms
+with the French, although there had been conferences for several days
+between them for this purpose, and although the duke of Burgundy had
+interfered with his council as much as possible to accommodate their
+differences.
+
+The English, notwithstanding, departed for Calais, and thence to
+England, suspecting greatly, what happened soon after, that Charles
+king of France and the duke of Burgundy would make peace; for they had
+perceived, while at Arras, that great cordiality existed between the
+duke and the French, which was far from pleasing to them.
+
+Ambassadors continued to arrive at Arras from the kings of Navarre,
+of Dacia, of Spain, of Cyprus, of Portugal, the constable duke of la
+Puglia, the duke of Milan, the king of Sicily, the king of Norway, and
+the duke of Brittany. The archbishop of Auch came thither, as did the
+bishops of Alby, of Usez, of Auxerre, of Alba, of Vicenza, the abbot of
+Vezelay, the archdeacon of Metz in Lorraine, procurator for the holy
+council of Basil, the archdeacon of la Puglia, with numbers of others
+of note and of authority.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXXVIII.
+
+ A PEACE IS CONCLUDED BETWEEN CHARLES KING OF FRANCE AND THE DUKE OF
+ BURGUNDY, IN THE CITY OF ARRAS.
+
+
+When the ambassadors from king Henry had quitted the city of Arras,
+without agreeing to any preliminaries for a peace, the two remaining
+parties, of the king of France and duke of Burgundy, met for some
+few days at the accustomed place, when, by the exhortations and
+interference of the cardinals de Santa Croce and of Cyprus, and other
+prelates and nobles, a peace was finally concluded between them on the
+following terms.
+
+'We Philip, by the grace of God, duke of Burgundy, Austria, Brabant and
+Limbourg, count of Flanders, Artois, Burgundy, palatine of Hainault,
+Holland, Zealand and Namur, marquis of the holy empire, lord of
+Frizeland, Salins and Mechlin, make known to all to whom these presents
+shall come, that many assemblies and conventions have been holden for
+the procuring of a general peace, as well in the cities of Auxerre and
+Corbeil as latterly in our city of Arras for this desirable purpose.
+
+'To this place our very-redoubted lord, king Charles, has sent our
+most dear and well beloved brothers and cousins, the duke of Bourbon
+and Auvergne, the count de Richemont, constable of France, the count
+de Vendôme, grand master of the household, the very reverend father
+in God the archbishop and duke of Rheims, chancellor of France,
+Christopher de Harcourt, Gilbert lord de la Fayette, marshal of France,
+master Adam de Cambray, first president of the parliament, master John
+Tudart, dean of Paris and master of requests of the king's household,
+William Charetier, Stephen Moreau, counsellors of the parliament, John
+Chastignier and Robert Marlier, secretaries to the said king, as his
+ambassadors.
+
+'On the part of our very dear lord and cousin, the king of England,
+there came the most reverend fathers in God the cardinal of Winchester
+and the archbishop of York, our well beloved cousins the earls of
+Huntingdon and Suffolk, the reverend fathers in God the bishops of
+Norwich, St David's, and Lisieux, and many other churchmen, as his
+ambassadors.
+
+'We also came thither in person, attended by many of our blood, and
+great numbers of our faithful and loyal subjects. Our holy father the
+pope sent also to this convention the most reverend father in God,
+and our especial friend, the cardinal de Santa Croce, invested with
+sufficient powers from him. In like manner, the sacred council at
+Basil sent thither, as its ambassadors, the most reverend father in
+God, our dear and well beloved cousin the cardinal of Cyprus, the
+very reverend fathers in God the bishops of Verona, of Alby, Nicholas
+provost of Cracovia, Hugh archdeacon of Metz.
+
+'In the presence of the above ambassadors from our holy father the
+pope, and from the sacred council at Basil, we, as well as the
+ambassadors from France and England, have appeared as often as it was
+thought expedient, and have mutually made overtures and presents to
+each other. And although the ambassadors from the king of France made
+great and handsome proposals for the conclusion of a general peace,
+and such as were thought by the cardinals and prelates to be just and
+reasonable, and which ought not to have been refused,--and although
+the cardinals de Santa Croce and of Cyprus, together with the other
+envoys from the pope and council, even pressed the English ambassadors
+to accede to these terms, remonstrating with them, that in case they
+would not listen to the conclusion of a general peace, they had been
+charged by their holy father, and by the sacred council, to summon us
+to conclude a private peace with our lord the king, in so far as the
+whole of our personal interests were concerned.
+
+'Nevertheless, the English ambassadors, continuing obstinate, in
+refusing the terms offered them, quitted our city of Arras without
+coming to any conclusion, or fixing any period for their return
+thither. For this cause, the cardinal legates, and the other ministers
+from the pope and council, exhorted and required of us to conclude a
+private peace with our said lord the king, provided that satisfactory
+proposals should be made touching the death of our very dear lord and
+father, whose soul may God pardon! by the ambassadors from him, and in
+his name, so that we should be contented therewith.
+
+'The following proposals from our said lord the king were delivered in
+a written roll to the said cardinal legates, and other ambassadors from
+our holy father the pope and sacred council, and by them given to us.
+
+'These are the offers made by us Charles duke of Bourbon and of
+Auvergne, Arthur count de Richemont constable of France, Louis de
+Bourbon count de Vendôme, Regnault de Chartres archbishop and duke of
+Rheims, great chancellor of France, Gilbert lord de la Fayette marshal
+of France, Adam de Cambrai first president of the parliament, John
+Tudart dean of Paris, counsellor and master of the requests of the
+king's household, William Chartier and Stephen Moreau counsellors,
+John Chastignier and Robert Morlier secretaries, ambassadors from
+Charles king of France, now in the city of Arras, for and in the name
+of our sovereign lord king Charles, to my lord the duke of Burgundy and
+Brabant, respecting the death of the late lord John duke of Burgundy,
+his father, and likewise touching other matters, that a treaty of peace
+and concord may be concluded between them.
+
+'In the first place, the king will declare, or others sufficiently
+authorised by him shall declare, to the said lord the duke of Burgundy,
+that the death of the late lord John duke of Burgundy, his father,
+(whose soul may God pardon!) was iniquitously and treacherously caused
+by those who perpetrated the deed, and through wicked counsel, which
+was alway displeasing to him, and continues to be so in the sincerity
+of his heart. That if he had been aware of the consequences, and of an
+age to have judged of them, he would have prevented it; but at the time
+he was very young, having little knowledge, and inconsiderately did not
+prevent it. He shall entreat my lord the duke of Burgundy that what
+hatred and rancour he may have conceived against him for this cause may
+cease, and that henceforward good faith and peace may exist between
+them,--express mention of which shall be made in the articles that
+shall be drawn up in consequence.
+
+'Item, the king will deliver up all who may have perpetrated the said
+wicked deed, or were consenting thereto, and will use all diligence
+to have them apprehended wherever they may be found, so that they
+may be punished in body and goods. Should they not be discovered, he
+will irrevocably banish them the realm of France and Dauphiny, with
+confiscation of effects, and exemption from profiting by any treaty.
+
+'Item, the king will not permit any of them to be received or favoured
+in any place under his obedience; and will cause it to be proclaimed in
+all parts of France and Dauphiny, where proclamations have been usually
+made, that no persons do receive or favour them, under pain of corporal
+punishment and confiscation of effects.
+
+'Item, the aforesaid lord, the duke of Burgundy, shall, so soon as he
+conveniently can after the signing of the treaty, name those who he
+has been informed perpetrated the said wicked deed, or were consenting
+thereto, that they may be proceeded against with diligence on the part
+of our said lord the king. And whereas the said duke of Burgundy may
+not at this present moment be sufficiently acquainted with the names of
+all who were concerned in, or who actually perpetrated, the aforesaid
+wicked act, at all times, that he may receive additional information,
+he may signify the names of such persons, by his letters patent, or
+otherwise, to the king, who shall be bound to pursue them, in his royal
+courts of justice, in the most summary manner.
+
+'Item, the following edifices and religious foundations shall be made
+for the repose of the souls of the late John duke of Burgundy, of the
+late sir Archambault de Foix, count de Noailles, who was put to death
+with him, and for those of others who have been slain on this occasion,
+or in the wars that took place in consequence of this event,--namely,
+in the church of Montereau, where the body of the late duke John of
+Burgundy was first buried, shall be founded a chapel and chapelry, in
+which a low mass of requiem shall be daily chaunted; which chapel shall
+be endowed with an annual income of sixty livres parisis in mortmain,
+and furnished with a chalice, and all other ornaments sufficiently
+handsome, at the sole expense of the king. The presentation to this
+chapel shall be vested in my lord of Burgundy, and in his successors
+the dukes of Burgundy, for ever.
+
+'Item, within the said town of Montereau, or as near to it as well may
+be, shall be constructed and endowed by the king, and at his expense,
+a church, with a convent of Carthusians, to consist of a prior and
+twelve monks, with cloisters, halls, refectories, granges and all
+other necessary buildings. This monastery, consisting of a prior and
+twelve religious, shall be founded by the king with well secured rents
+in mortmain, to the amount of eight hundred livres parisis, for the
+maintenance of the monks, the keeping up religious worship, and for the
+repairs of the convent, church and buildings, according to the advice
+of the reverend father in God the lord cardinal de Santa Croce, or
+whomsoever he may nominate in his stead.
+
+'Item, on the bridge of Montereau, where this murder was committed,
+shall be erected a handsomely-sculptured cross, according to the device
+of the said lord cardinal or those commissioned by him, at the king's
+expense, and kept continually in perfect repair by his majesty.
+
+'Item, in the church of the Carthusians at Dijon, where at present
+reposes the body of the said duke John of Burgundy, shall be founded
+by the king, and at his expense, a high mass of requiem, which shall
+be daily chaunted for ever at the high altar of this church, at such
+an hour as may hereafter be determined upon. And this foundation shall
+have secured to it good annual rents, in mortmain, of one hundred
+livres parisis, and shall be provided with chalices and other suitable
+ornaments.
+
+'Item, these said buildings and foundations shall be begun upon, and
+take effect, so soon as conveniently may be,--and the masses shall
+particularly commence the instant the treaty shall be signed. But with
+regard to the intended buildings at Montereau, they shall be begun
+three months after that town shall be reduced to the king's obedience,
+and diligently continued without interruption until the whole of them
+be perfectly completed within the term of five years.
+
+'In respect to the said foundations, proper measures shall be taken
+concerning them so soon as conveniently may be; and the moment the
+treaties shall be signed, the high mass in the carthusian convent
+at Dijon, before mentioned, shall commence,--and the monks shall be
+provided with books, chalices, and all other necessary articles. And
+when the town of Montereau shall be reduced to the king's obedience,
+the daily low mass shall be sung, at the sole expense of the king of
+France. Within three days after this town shall have submitted itself,
+a sufficient sum of money shall be paid to the lord cardinal de Santa
+Croce, or to whomsoever he may appoint to receive the same for the
+commencement of the said edifices, and to purchase chalices, books, and
+every other necessary article. And at the same time the annual income,
+before declared, of eight hundred and sixty livres parisis, shall
+be firmly established on lands, in mortmain, as near to the town of
+Montereau as possible. This income, however, does not include the rent
+of a hundred livres parisis allotted for the foundation of a high mass
+at the carthusian convent at Dijon.
+
+'Item, as a compensation for the jewels, and other personalities that
+were either stolen or lost at the time of the decease of our late lord
+John duke of Burgundy, and for the purchase of others, the king of
+France consents, well and truly, to pay to the duke of Burgundy the
+sum of fifty thousand golden crowns, old weight, of sixty-four to the
+marc of Troyes, eight ounces to the marc, having twenty-four karats
+of aloy, or other current money, by instalments, as follow: namely,
+fifteen thousand on Easter-day twelvemonth, which will begin the year
+1437; fifteen thousand on the Easter-day in the following year,--and
+the balance of twenty thousand on Easter-day in the year 1439. The
+duke of Burgundy shall not be prevented by this from persevering in
+his researches after the rich collar of his late lord and father, nor
+in his suits against those he may suspect to have it, as well as other
+valuable jewels, in order to recover them, over and above this said sum
+of fifty thousand crowns.
+
+'Item, the king, from affection to the duke of Burgundy, agrees that
+the following lands and lordships shall be firmly settled on the said
+duke, his direct heirs and successors, whether male or female, namely,
+the city and county of Mâcon and St Jangon, as far as the boundaries
+thereof, with all the towns, villages, lands and revenues thereto
+belonging, which at this moment appertain to and are dependant on the
+domain of the crown of France, without any reservation, excepting the
+homage due from these fiefs to the crown, and the patronage of the
+churches and royal foundations, included in the droit de regale,
+and all other royal prerogatives which may belong from ancient times
+in this bailiwick to the crown of France. In all other respects the
+said duke of Burgundy shall hold the county of Mâcon, with its towns,
+villages, and dependances, and his heirs and successors, for ever, on
+paying the usual homage to the king and crown of France, as a peerage
+under the jurisdiction of the king and his court of parliament in a
+similar manner, and with all the rights and prerogatives attached to
+the peerage of France.
+
+'Item, on the part of the king shall be yielded up to the duke of
+Burgundy and to his heirs and successors, to whom, after his decease,
+shall devolve this county of Mâcon, all profits and emoluments
+whatever that shall become due from the royal towns of Mâcon and St
+Jangon, whether from rights attached to royalty or from bailiwicks
+in compensation for protection, or by confiscations, fines, profits
+from the coinage; and all rights of every other description, shall
+be enjoyed by the said duke and his heirs, during their respective
+lives, on the terms and conditions following,--that is to say, on the
+nomination of the said duke of Burgundy, and his heirs after him, of a
+bailiff of Mâcon, the king shall appoint the same as his royal judge
+and commissary, to take cognisance of all crimes and suits appertaining
+to his sovereign jurisdiction throughout the county of Mâcon and its
+dependances, according to the usual form and manner in which the royal
+bailiffs of Mâcon and Saint Jangon have acted in former times,--but
+henceforth the bailiwick of St Jangon shall be abolished. And in like
+manner, on the recommendation of the said duke and his heirs, shall the
+king appoint all officers necessary for the good government of this
+county, such as governor, castellan, provosts and receivers, who shall
+exercise such appointments in the king's name, but to the profit of the
+said duke of Burgundy and his heirs.
+
+'Item, in like manner, all profits from taxes shall be transferred
+from the king to the said duke, together with the duties on salt, on
+wines sold by retail, and every other imposition that may have been
+established in the elections of Mâcon, Chalons, Autun, and Langres,
+so far as these elections may extend into Burgundy or the county of
+Charolois, and throughout the whole county of the Mâconnois, included
+within the boundaries of the aforesaid duchy or county, to be enjoyed
+by him and his heirs for ever.
+
+'The recommendation of all officers necessary for the government of the
+county of Mâcon and its dependances shall belong to the said duke of
+Burgundy and his heirs, but the commission and institution shall remain
+with the king of France.
+
+'Item, in like manner shall the king of France transfer to the duke
+of Burgundy and to his heirs, whether male or female, for ever, as
+a perpetual inheritance, and as held in chief, the city and county
+of Auxerre, with all its dependances and appurtenances whatever, in
+regard to the administration of justice, domains, fiefs, patronage
+of churches, collations to benefices, as held by the king of France
+and his court of parliament, with the same rights, franchises, and
+prerogatives, as the other peers of France.
+
+'Item, and together with this cession the king of France shall transfer
+to the said duke of Burgundy, and his heirs for ever, all revenues
+payable by the city of Auxerre and its dependances, in as ample manner
+as has been before stated when speaking of the county of Mâcon, as has
+been already declared. And also, that on the nomination of the duke of
+Burgundy and his heirs, of persons to fill up the various offices that
+may become vacant, the king of France shall confirm their nominations,
+and issue sufficient commissions and authorities accordingly; so that
+the bailiff of Auxerre nominated by the duke of Burgundy shall have a
+royal commission to judge and decide on all actions competent to his
+tribunal within the city of Auxerre and its dependances, in the same
+form and manner as has been heretofore done by the bailiff of Sens
+instead of Auxerre; which bailiff of Sens shall not any more interfere
+in these matters during the lives of the said duke of Burgundy, his
+legal heirs and successors, but shall refer the same to the bailiff
+of Auxerre, he having a royal commission for his authority. All the
+revenues of taxes, and of every sort of imposition shall be transferred
+to the said duke of Burgundy in a manner similar to what has been
+before declared in the article relative to the cession of the same in
+the county of Mâcon and its dependances.
+
+'Item, in like manner shall the king of France cede to the duke of
+Burgundy and to his heirs, whether male or female, descending in a
+direct line for ever, as a perpetual inheritance, the castle, town,
+and castlewick of Bar-sur-Seine, with all its domains, jurisdictions,
+fiefs, patronage of churches, with all other rights and emoluments, for
+him the duke to hold them under the king as a peerage of France, under
+the royal sovereignty and jurisdiction of the parliament, on his fealty
+and immediate homage to the king of France. The king shall likewise
+transfer to the said duke and his heirs all profit from taxes and other
+impositions, to be received by him from the receivers, who, having been
+nominated by the said duke, shall be confirmed in their offices by the
+king.
+
+'Item, the king of France shall yield up to the duke of Burgundy and
+his heirs the county of Burgundy, as a perpetual inheritance to be
+enjoyed by him and them for ever, together with the patronage of
+the church and abbey of Luxeuil, with all profits arising therefrom,
+which the count of Champagne claims as belonging to him, (although the
+counts of Burgundy, predecessors to the present duke of Burgundy, have
+pretended the contrary as a cause of quarrel) saying and declaring that
+this abbey, which is without the kingdom of France and the limits of
+the county of Burgundy, ought to be under his patronage and protection.
+To obviate, therefore, all future cause of quarrel, and for the public
+welfare, the king of France now consents that the patronage of this
+abbey shall remain wholly with the duke of Burgundy and his heirs.
+
+'Item, the king of France shall cede to the duke of Burgundy, and to
+his legal heirs, whether male or female, in perpetuity, the castles,
+towns, castlewicks, provostships of fairs, of Peronne, Mondidier and
+Roye, with all their domains, rights, and jurisdictions whatever,
+with every dependance and appurtenance, to hold them from the king of
+France as a peerage within his sovereign jurisdiction and that of his
+parliament, on doing him immediate homage. The king shall also yield
+up to the said duke of Burgundy, and his heirs, all right to the taxes
+and other impositions, together with every other claim of profit, in as
+ample a manner as has been before declared in the preceding articles
+respecting the counties of Mâcon and Auxerre.
+
+'Item, the king of France shall yield up to the duke of Burgundy, and
+to the person whom after his decease the said duke shall have declared
+his heir to the county of Artois, the collection of taxes from the
+said county of Artois and its dependances, amounting at this time to
+fourteen thousand francs of annual revenue or thereabout, without
+hinderance to the said duke or his heir from receiving any further
+gratuities from the said king or his successors. The duke of Burgundy
+and his heir shall have the power of nominating such officers for the
+due gathering of these taxes, as shall be agreeable to them,--and when
+thus appointed, the king shall grant them letters in confirmation of
+the same.
+
+'Item, the king shall transfer to the said duke of Burgundy and to
+his heirs, for ever, all the cities, towns, castles, forts, lands
+and lordships now belonging to the crown of France, above and on each
+side the river Somme, namely, St Quentin, Corbie, Amiens, Abbeville
+and others,--the whole of the county of Ponthieu, on both sides of
+the said river Somme,--the towns of Dourlens, St Riquier, Crevecoeur,
+Arleux, Mortaigne, with all their dependances whatever. And all the
+lands now belonging to the crown of France, from the said river Somme
+inclusively, comprehending the whole of the towns, as well on the
+frontiers of Artois, Flanders and Hainault, as on those of the realm of
+France and of the empire of Germany, the duke of Burgundy and his heirs
+to have them in possession for ever, and to receive all the profits of
+taxes, rights, privileges and honours attached to them, without the
+king retaining any thing, saving and except the fealty and homage due
+to him as their sovereign lord, or until this grant shall be bought by
+the crown of France, on payment of the sum of four hundred thousand
+crowns of gold, old coin, at the weight of sixty-four to the marc of
+Troyes, eight ounces to the marc, with twenty-four karats of alloy and
+one karat for waste, or in any other current coin of equal value.
+
+'The duke of Burgundy shall give sufficient securities for himself and
+heirs, that they will abide by the terms of this grant, and be ready
+and willing to receive the said sum for the release of the said cities,
+towns, &c. whenever it may please the king of France to make an offer
+of the same, and surrender to the king, or to such as he may commission
+for the purpose, all the said cities, towns, castles, forts, lands and
+lordships specified in the said grant. And also the duke of Burgundy
+shall acknowledge, for himself and heirs, his willingness to receive
+the said sum at two instalments,--that is to say, two hundred thousand
+crowns at each payment; but nevertheless he shall not be bound to
+surrender to the king any of the said cities, &c. until the last of the
+four hundred thousand golden crowns be paid.
+
+'During the whole time these said cities, towns, lands, &c. shall be
+in the possession of the duke of Burgundy or his heirs, he and they
+shall receive the taxes, and enjoy every right and privilege attached
+to them, without the smallest deduction or abatement whatever. Be
+it understood, however, that in this grant of the king, the city
+and county of Tournay and the Tournesis, and of St Amand, are not
+included, but are to remain under the jurisdiction of the king,--with
+the exception of Mortaigne, which is to be placed in the hands of the
+duke of Burgundy, as has been before said.--But although the city of
+Tournay is not to be given to the duke of Burgundy, the sums of money
+that had been before agreed to be paid, according to the terms of a
+treaty between him and the inhabitants for a certain number of years,
+shall be duly reserved,--and these sums the inhabitants shall be bound
+punctually to pay him.
+
+'Item, forasmuch as the said duke of Burgundy pretends to have a claim
+on the county of Boulogne-sur-mer, which he has the possession of, the
+king of France consents, that for the sake of peace, and for the public
+good, it shall remain to him and his heirs-male only, lawfully begotten
+by him, with the full and free enjoyment of all its revenues, rights
+and emoluments whatever. But in default of this issue male, the county
+shall devolve to him who shall have the just right thereto. The king
+shall engage to satisfy all claimants on this said county, in such wise
+that they shall not cause any trouble to the duke of Burgundy, or to
+his heirs, respecting it.
+
+'Item, in regard to the town, castle, county and lordship of Gien sur
+Loire, together with the lordships of Dourdan, which, as it is said,
+have been transferred with the county of Estampes by the late duke of
+Berry and the late duke John of Burgundy, they shall, _bona fide_, be
+placed by the king of France in the hands of the duke of Bourbonnois
+and Auvergne, for their government during the space of one whole year,
+and until John of Burgundy count d'Estampes, or the present duke of
+Burgundy for him, shall have laid before the king or his council a copy
+or copies of this grant from our late lords of Berry and of Burgundy.
+When after due examination, should this grant be found good, we duke
+of Bourbonnois and Auvergne bind ourself to restore the said town,
+castle and lands of Gien-sur-Loire, without other form of law, to the
+count d'Estampes or to the duke of Burgundy, for him as his legal right
+from the grant of the late dukes of Berry and of Burgundy, without the
+king alleging any thing to the contrary, or any prescriptive right
+from the lapse of time since the decease of the said duke of Berry,
+and notwithstanding any opposition from others who may lay claim to
+the county of Gien, if any such there be, whose right to pursue their
+claims by legal means shall be reserved to them, against the count
+d'Estampes.
+
+'Item, the king shall restoration make and pay to the said count
+d'Estampes, and to the count de Nevers his brother, the sum of
+thirty-two thousand two hundred crowns of gold, which the lately
+deceased king Charles is said to have taken from the church of Rouen,
+wherein this sum was deposited, as the marriage-portion of the late
+lady Bona of Artois, mother to these noblemen, unless it shall clearly
+appear that the above sum has been accounted for, and allowed in the
+expenditure of the late king and for his profit; otherwise these
+thirty-two thousand two hundred golden crowns shall be paid at such
+terms as shall be agreed on, after payment has been made of the fifty
+thousand crowns before mentioned to the duke of Burgundy.
+
+'Item, in respect to the debts which the duke of Burgundy says and
+maintains are due to him from the late king Charles, whether from
+pensions unpaid, or from gifts and monies advanced by him for the
+king's use, the said duke shall have free liberty to sue for the
+recovery of the same in any of the courts of justice.
+
+'Item, the said duke of Burgundy shall not be bound to do homage nor
+service to the king for the lands he now holds in France, nor for
+any others that may fall to him by right of succession; but shall
+remain during his life personally free from all subjection, homage and
+obedience, to the crown of France. After the decease of the present
+monarch, the said duke of Burgundy shall do the usual homages and
+services to the king's sons and successors to the crown of France, as
+belong to them of right; and should the said duke of Burgundy depart
+this life before the present king, his heirs, after showing cause,
+shall do the usual homages and services to the crown of France.
+
+'Item, notwithstanding the duke of Burgundy shall have acknowledged,
+by writing and speaking, the king as his sovereign, and received the
+before named ambassadors from the king, this shall not be of the
+smallest prejudice to the personal exemption before stated of the said
+duke during his life. This said exemption shall remain in full force,
+as contained in the above article, and shall extend to all lands now in
+the possession of the said duke within the realm of France.
+
+'Item, with regard to the vassals and subjects of the duke of Burgundy,
+in the lordships he now holds and will possess by this treaty, and
+of those that may fall to him by succession in the kingdom of France
+during the king's life and his own, they shall not be constrained to
+bear arms by orders from the king or his officers, supposing that they
+may hold lands from the king together with those of the duke. But the
+king is contented that whenever it may please the duke of Burgundy to
+order his vassals to arm, whether for internal or external wars, they
+do obey his commands without attending to any summonses from the king,
+should he at the time issue such. And in like manner shall all the
+officers of the said duke's household, and his familiars, be exempted,
+even should they not be his subjects or vassals.
+
+'Item, should it happen that the English shall make war on the said
+duke of Burgundy, his subjects or allies, on account of the present
+treaty or otherwise, either by sea or by land, the king of France
+engages to march to his succour with a sufficient force, and to act as
+if it were his own proper cause.
+
+'Item, the king declares, for himself and his successors, that neither
+he nor they, nor any princes of his blood, shall enter into any treaty
+of peace with his adversary of England, without having first informed
+thereof the said duke of Burgundy and his immediate heir, nor without
+their express consent thereto and comprehension therein, provided they
+may wish to be comprehended,--provided always, that similar promises
+shall be made to the king of France by the duke of Burgundy and his
+heir apparent, touching war and peace with England.
+
+'Item, whereas the said duke of Burgundy and his faithful vassals have
+heretofore borne a cross of St Andrew as their badge, they shall not
+be constrained to bear any other badge, whatever army they may be in,
+whether within or without the realm, or in the presence of the king or
+of his constable, whether in the royal pay, as soldiers, or otherwise.
+
+'Item, the king shall make all reasonable restitution for whatever
+losses such as may have been made prisoners on the day of the death of
+duke John, whose soul may God pardon! have suffered, as well as the
+repayment of their ransoms.
+
+'Item, a general oblivion shall take place of all acts done and
+committed in consequence of the divisions in the realm, excepting what
+regards those who perpetrated the said murder of duke John of Burgundy,
+or were consenting thereto,--for they shall ever remain excepted in
+whatever treaties may be concluded. Henceforth all persons shall return
+to their different homes,--namely, churchmen to their churches and
+benefices, and seculars to their houses and possessions within the
+realm, excepting such lands and lordships as may be within the county
+of Burgundy, and which are held by the present lord of Burgundy, or
+have been in the possession of the late duke, or such as may have
+been given by either of them to others as confiscations arising
+from the intestine divisions within the kingdom; for these lands,
+notwithstanding the present treaty, shall remain in the possession of
+those who now hold them. But in every other instance, all persons shall
+return to their houses and lordships, without being called upon by any
+person or persons for any damages or repairs whatever,--and each shall
+be held acquitted of all rents from the time he ceased to enjoy them;
+and in regard to any furniture that may have been taken and carried
+away by either party, all pursuit after it and any quarrels on the
+subject are absolutely forbidden.
+
+'Item, it is ordained by this present treaty that all quarrels and
+rancour, which may have arisen in consequence of the troubles that
+afflicted the realm, do now absolutely cease; and all private wars
+are strictly forbidden, without reproach to either party, under pain
+of being punished as transgressors of this article, according to the
+heinousness of the offence.
+
+'Item, in this present treaty shall be included, on the part of the
+said duke of Burgundy, all churchmen, the inhabitants of the principal
+towns, and others, whatever may be their rank, who have followed his
+party, or that of the late lord his father; and they shall enjoy the
+benefit of this said treaty, as well in regard to the general oblivion
+of all acts done and committed within the realm of France as in the
+peaceable enjoyment of whatever possessions, moveable and immoveable,
+they may have within the kingdom or in Dauphiny, which are now withheld
+from them by these said troubles, provided they be willing to accept of
+the terms contained in the said treaty, and loyally fulfil them.
+
+'Item, the king will renounce the alliance he had formed with the
+emperor against the duke of Burgundy, as well as all others with
+different princes and lords to the same effect, provided the duke of
+Burgundy shall do the same with his alliances; and the king will also
+hold himself bounden, and will promise the duke of Burgundy to assist
+and support him against all who may be inclined to make war against him
+or otherwise injure him. And in like manner shall the duke of Burgundy
+engage his promise, saving, however, the exemption of his personal
+service as has been before declared.
+
+'Item, the king consents to grant letters, that in case he shall
+violate the articles of the present treaty, his vassals and subjects
+shall be no longer bound to obey and serve him, but shall be obliged
+to serve and assist the duke of Burgundy and his successors against
+him. In this case, all his subjects shall be absolved from their oaths
+of fidelity toward king Charles, Without at any time hereafter being
+called to account for so doing; and from this moment king Charles
+absolves them from all fidelity to him, in case such violation of the
+treaty shall take place,--and that the duke of Burgundy shall do the
+same in regard to his vassals and subjects.
+
+'Item, all these promises, obligations, and submissions, of king
+Charles, respecting the due fulfilment of this treaty, shall be made
+before the lord cardinal of Santa Croce, legate from the holy father
+the pope, the lord cardinal of Cyprus, and the other ambassadors
+from the holy council of Basil, in the most ample manner that can be
+devised, and on pain of excommunications, interdicts, and all the most
+weighty punishments of the church, to the utmost power which the said
+lords cardinals may possess from the pope, provided that the duke of
+Burgundy shall act in a similar manner.
+
+'Item, the king will give to the duke of Burgundy not only his own
+declaration, sealed with his seal, but the declarations and seals
+of the princes of his blood and under his obedience,--namely, the
+seals of the duke of Anjou, his brother the lord Charles, the duke of
+Bourbon, the count of Richemont, the count of Vendôme, the count of
+Foix, the count of Auvergne, the count of Perdiac, and others,--which
+declarations of the princes shall be incorporated with that of the
+king, who shall with them promise faithfully to maintain the contents
+of the said declarations; and should they be infringed on the part of
+the king, they do severally promise to aid and assist the said duke
+of Burgundy and his friends against the king. In like manner shall the
+duke of Burgundy deliver in his declarations.
+
+'Item, the king shall also cause to be given to the duke of Burgundy
+similar declarations under the seals of such churchmen, nobles, and
+principal towns of the realm under the king's obedience as the duke of
+Burgundy shall name, under penalties both corporal and pecuniary on
+failure, together with such securities for the due performance of their
+engagements as the lords cardinals and prelates commissioned by the
+pope may think proper and advisable.
+
+'Item, should it happen hereafter that omissions, infractions,
+or attempts to infringe any of the said articles should arise,
+notwithstanding the present treaty, they shall remain in full force and
+vigour, and the peace shall not be considered as broken or annulled;
+but such omissions, infractions and attempts, shall be instantly
+amended and corrected, according to the virtual meaning of what has
+been before declared,--and the guarantees thereof shall see that it be
+done.
+
+'Item, as we have been again earnestly exhorted and pressed by the said
+cardinals, and by the ambassadors from the holy council, to incline our
+ears and attend to the proposals made to us respecting a peace,--which
+proposals they think just and reasonable, and such as ought not to be
+refused by us,--remonstrating also with us, that we should make peace
+with king Charles of France from our love to God, and according to
+reason and honour, notwithstanding any alliances, oaths or engagements
+entered into with our very beloved and dear lord the king of England
+lately deceased,--the said cardinals and others, ambassadors from the
+holy council of Basil, urging us to a compliance by many reasons and
+arguments,--
+
+'We, therefore, principally through reverence to God, and from the
+pity and compassion we feel for the poor people of France, who have
+been such great sufferers in these troubles and divisions within that
+realm, and in compliance with the admonitions and urgent entreaties of
+the said cardinals, and the ambassadors from our holy father the pope
+and the council, which we consider as commands to a catholic prince and
+obedient son of the church, have, after calling to our aid and council
+the highest lords of our blood and lineage, with others of our most
+faithful vassals and counsellors, made for ourselves and our successors
+a firm, loyal, and solid peace and re-union with our lord the king and
+his successors, according to the tenour of the articles above recited,
+which, on the part of the said king, he and his successors are bounden
+to fulfil toward us.
+
+'The whole of these articles, so far as they regard us, we approve
+of and accept; and from this moment consent to and make all the
+renunciations, promises, submissions, and every other concession
+demanded from us in the above articles; and we acknowledge our
+aforesaid lord king Charles of France as our sovereign lord, in as much
+as regards the lands and lordships we hold in that kingdom, promising
+for ourself and our heirs on our faith and bodily oath, on the word of
+a prince, on our honour, and on the loss of our expectations in this
+world and in that to come, to hold inviolate this treaty of peace,
+and the whole of the articles contained in the said treaty, without
+attempting to invalidate the same either by word or deed, openly or
+secretly.
+
+'For the further maintenance of this peace by ourself, and by all
+others, we submit ourself and them to whatever regulations and
+ordinances it may please our holy father the pope, and the holy
+council now assembled at Basil, to promulgate by the lords cardinals
+and the ambassadors from the said council now present; and we are
+willing to suffer any censures from the church, should we fail in
+the due fulfilment of all the articles contained in the said treaty.
+We renounce all exemptions, whatever may be alleged to the contrary,
+more particularly to that rule in law which declares that a general
+renunciation is not equally valid with an especial one, the whole to be
+fulfilled without fraud, deceit, or any chicanery whatever.
+
+'That this treaty may have every due formality, and be perfectly
+stable, we have caused our signet to be affixed to these presents.
+Given at our town of Arras the 21st day of September, in the year
+1435.' It was also signed by the duke of Burgundy, in the presence of
+his council.
+
+When the two parties had finally concluded a peace with each other, and
+when every formality of signing and sealing was finished, the peace
+was proclaimed with great solemnity through the town of Arras. We need
+not inquire if this caused the utmost joy, and spread happiness among
+the people. In general, the clergy, nobles, citizens, and a multitude
+of peasants who had entered the town, were not content with one day's
+rejoicing, but made many, shouting and singing carols through the
+streets.
+
+Very grand entertainments were given at the palace of the duke of
+Burgundy to the knights, esquires, the ladies and damsels of both
+parties, as well in eating and drinking as in dancings and other
+amusements. In the apartment where this business had been concluded,
+the cardinal of Santa Croce, having placed the holy sacrament on an
+altar and a cross of gold on a cushion, made the duke of Burgundy swear
+thereon, that he would never more call to his remembrance the death of
+his late father, and that he would evermore maintain peace with king
+Charles of France, his sovereign lord, and his allies. After which, the
+duke of Bourbon and the constable of France, touching the cross with
+their hands, begged pardon, in the king's name, of the duke of Burgundy
+for the death of his said father, who gave them his pardon for the love
+of God. Then the two cardinals, having laid their hands on the duke,
+absolved him from the oath he had made to the English. In like manner
+were absolved many great lords of his party, who, with others of the
+duke's alliance, swore to be on friendship with king Charles and with
+his allies. In the number was the lord de Launoy, who said aloud, 'Here
+I am who have heretofore taken oaths for the preservation of peace five
+times during this war, not one of which has been observed,--but I now
+make promise to God, that this shall be kept on my part, and that I
+will not in any degree infringe it.'
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. LXXXIX.
+
+ THE ENGLISH LAY SIEGE TO THE TOWN OF ST DENIS, WHICH IN THE END
+ SURRENDERS TO THEM BY CAPITULATION.
+
+
+During the time the English and their allies were in the Isle de
+France, they besieged the town of St Denis with a very powerful
+force. The principal commanders of this enterprise were the marshal
+de l'Isle-Adam, the lords Talbot, Willoughby, and Scales, George de
+Richammes, Waleran de Moreul, sir John bastard of St Pol, his brother
+Louis de Luxembourg, sir Ferry de Mailly, Robert de Neufville, the
+bastard de Thian a french knight, the Arragonian, with other notable
+and expert men at arms of France and England, having under them about
+six hundred combatants. They carried on their attacks with great
+diligence, and pointed many cannons against the walls and gates to
+batter them down.
+
+They were frequently visited by Louis de Luxembourg, bishop of
+Therounne, chancellor of France for king Henry, and governor of Paris
+and the surrounding country, who was their chief adviser, and urged
+them on to the completion of the business.
+
+Within the town, on the part of the king of France, were the marshal de
+Rieux, sir John Foucault, sir Louis de Vaucourt, sir Regnault de Saint
+Jean, Artus de la Tour, and many more valiant men at arms, together
+with six hundred combatants. On the approach of their enemies, they
+made every preparation for resistance; and the greater part lodged
+themselves on the walls, where they remained day and night, to be
+always ready for their defence.
+
+The walls and gates, however, were greatly damaged by the cannon of
+the English in so many places that their captains resolved to make
+several attacks on the town at the same time, with the hope of gaining
+it by storm. In consequence, having armed their men, they formed
+several divisions, and marched, with scaling ladders and other warlike
+instruments, to the ditches, which were filled with water. These the
+men at arms crossed, though the water was up to their necks, and,
+carrying their ladders with them, placed them against the walls, which
+they ascended without sign of fear. The besieged seeing this, and
+considering that if the place were taken by storm, they should not only
+lose the town but their lives also, began to prepare for a vigorous
+defence.
+
+The marshal de Rieux had posted on different parts of the ramparts
+detachments under captains, with orders not to quit their posts
+whatever they might see or hear,--and he had a body of men at arms
+ready to succour such places as should be distressed. The attack was
+very fierce and bloody, and lasted for two hours, when many gallant
+acts were done on both sides.
+
+The new knights created on this occasion were Louis de Luxembourg,
+bastard of St Pol, who behaved excellently well, Jean de Humieres,
+Robert de Neufville, and some others. When the assailants had had about
+four score men, or more, slain in the ditches and under the walls, they
+perceived they could not carry their point without too serious a loss,
+and their captains sounded a retreat, carrying off their dead and
+wounded. The besieged suffered also greatly, and were much alarmed lest
+the enemy, by continuing the attack, should constrain them more. They
+nevertheless, in hopes of succour from the constable of France, who was
+attending the convention at Arras, with many of his officers, repaired
+the walls and gates, that had been broken, and prepared to defend
+themselves as well as circumstances would permit.
+
+The constable, on the conclusion of the peace at Arras, departed
+thence, accompanied by numbers of the nobility, and went to Senlis.
+He was anxious to collect a sufficient force to raise the siege of St
+Denis; but when he examined his powers, he found that he was unable to
+do so.
+
+The marshal de Rieux, therefore, knowing that the constable was unable
+to afford him relief, entered into negotiations with the English that
+he and his captains would surrender the place, on having their lives
+and fortunes spared, and would also give up the prisoners they had
+made, among whom was the new knight sir Jean de Humieres. This offer
+was acceded to,--and the French marched off, escorted by about sixteen
+hundred cavalry.
+
+The english army likewise broke up, and returned to different towns
+under their obedience, leaving behind such of their captains and
+men as had been killed in St Denis. Among the first were sir Louis
+de Vaucourt, sir Regnault de St Jean, Artus de la Tour, one called
+Josselin, and others, whose deaths caused great grief. The town of St
+Denis was now under the government of king Henry.
+
+Shortly after this event, the Picards, who had been informed of the
+peace concluded between the duke of Burgundy and king Charles, took
+leave of the english captains as soon as they could, and returned
+without loss to their own country. At the same time, the French took by
+storm the bridge of Meulan, and put to death about twenty English who
+guarded it. This success much vexed the Parisians, because it cut off
+the communication with Normandy, and would prevent them from receiving
+hence any provisions.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XC.
+
+ ISABELLA, QUEEN OF FRANCE, DIES IN THE CITY OF PARIS.
+
+
+In the month of September of this year, Isabella queen of France, and
+mother to king Charles then on the throne, was taken grievously ill
+at her apartments in the king's hôtel of St Pol. She had for some
+time lived in great poverty, owing to the distresses and troubles
+of the war,--and her disorder increased so much that it caused her
+death. She was buried in the church of St Denis, but not with the
+solemnity and state usual at the funerals of queens of France. When
+the duke of Burgundy heard of her decease, he had a grand and solemn
+service performed for her in the church of St Waast at Arras, which he
+personally attended, dressed in mourning. The duke was supported by the
+count d'Estampes, the count de Vendôme, the heir of Cleves, and many
+other ecclesiastical and secular lords in mourning. The service was
+performed by the bishop of Arras.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XCI.
+
+ THE CARDINALS, AND THE AMBASSADORS FROM THE COUNCIL, LEAVE ARRAS.--THE
+ DUKE OF BURGUNDY APPOINTS DIFFERENT OFFICERS TO THE TOWNS AND
+ FORTRESSES THAT HAD BEEN CONCEDED TO HIM BY THE PEACE.
+
+
+Soon after peace had been proclaimed in Arras, the cardinals, and those
+who had accompanied them, departed thence, after having been most
+honourably entertained by duke Philip. In like manner did all those who
+had come thither as ambassadors from the holy council and from king
+Charles.
+
+The duke now, while in Arras, appointed many new officers to the towns
+and castles on the river Somme and to those within Picardy, which had
+long appertained to the crown of France, but had been yielded to him by
+king Charles, according to the articles of the treaty lately concluded.
+Prior to this peace, Arras was in the hands of king Henry; but now
+the duke appointed other officers, displacing those of king Henry at
+his pleasure, laying hands on all the public money, nominating new
+receivers, and causing the inhabitants to swear allegiance to him.
+
+The english officers were much surprised at these proceedings of
+the duke, for it was through his means that king Henry had obtained
+possession of the town, and he had lately acknowledged him for his
+legal and sovereign lord. Seeing that they could no way prevent it,
+they suffered patiently all that was done.
+
+Among others, master Robert le Jeune, who had for a long time been
+bailiff of Amiens, and had ruled with a high hand all Picardy in favour
+of the English, and had even been their council at the convention
+of Arras, and their chief adviser, finding that the tide was now
+turning against them (through means procured by money) managed so well
+that he continued in favour with the duke of Burgundy, who made him
+governor of Arras in the room of sir David de Brimeu, who had held that
+appointment.
+
+Thus in a few days was a total change made in the public affairs of
+France and England, and just contrary to what had before been.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XCII.
+
+ IN CONSEQUENCE OF THE PEACE OF ARRAS, THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY SENDS SOME
+ OF HIS COUNCIL, AND HERALDS, TO THE KING OF ENGLAND, TO REMONSTRATE
+ AND EXPLAIN THE CAUSES OF THE PEACE HE HAD CONCLUDED WITH THE KING OF
+ FRANCE.
+
+
+On the conclusion of the peace at Arras, the duke of Burgundy sent his
+king at arms of the order of the Golden Fleece, with another of his
+heralds called Franche-comté, to England with letters from the duke to
+king Henry. These letters contained strong remonstrances to induce the
+king and his council to conclude a peace with the king of France,--and
+were also explanatory of the causes which had induced the duke, by the
+exhortations of the legates from the holy see and from the council
+of Basil, in conjunction with the three estates of his dominions, to
+make a peace with king Charles his sovereign lord, and to renounce the
+alliance he had formerly concluded with the late king Henry of England.
+
+They were accompanied by a mendicant friar, a doctor of divinity, who
+had been charged by the two cardinal-legates to remonstrate publicly
+with the king of England and his council on the infinite cruelty of
+prolonging so bloody a war, which laid waste Christendom, and to
+harangue on the blessings that would ensue if a lasting peace could be
+concluded between the two kings.
+
+They all three travelled together as far as Calais, and crossed the sea
+to Dover; but there they received orders from king Henry, forbidding
+them to proceed further. Their letters were demanded, given up, and
+carried to the king at London,--and soon after they were conducted
+thither. They were met on the road by a herald and a secretary to the
+lord treasurer, who escorted them to their lodgings in London, at the
+house of a shoemaker, where they remained, and only went to hear mass,
+under the care of some heralds and pursuivants at arms, who visited
+them often; for they were forbidden to stir out of their lodgings
+without a licence or permission. They were therefore very much alarmed
+lest they might personally suffer for the disagreeable news they had
+brought.
+
+Notwithstanding the mendicant friar and the two heralds had made many
+requests to those who attended on them, that they might be permitted
+to address the king and council on the subjects they had been charged
+with by the two cardinals and their lord, they never could obtain an
+audience.
+
+The lord treasurer of England, however, to whom the letters from the
+duke of Burgundy had been given, assembled, in the presence of the
+king, the cardinal of Winchester, the duke of Glocester, with many
+other princes and prelates, members of the council, so that the meeting
+was numerously attended, and laid before them the letters which the
+duke of Burgundy had written to the king and his council,--but their
+address and superscription were not in the style he was wont to
+use. In this, he simply styled him king of England--high and mighty
+prince--his very dear lord and cousin; but forbore to acknowledge him
+as his sovereign lord, as he heretofore always had done in the numerous
+letters he had sent him.
+
+All present were very much surprised on hearing them read; and even
+the young king Henry was so much hurt at their contents that his eyes
+were filled with tears, which ran down his cheeks. He said to some of
+the privy counsellors nearest to him, that he plainly perceived since
+the duke of Burgundy had acted thus disloyally toward him, and was
+reconciled to his enemy king Charles, that his dominions in France
+would fare the worse for it. The cardinal of Winchester and the duke
+of Glocester abruptly left the council much confused and vexed, as did
+several others, without coming to any determination. They collected in
+small knots and abused each other as well as the duke of Burgundy and
+the leading members of his council.
+
+This news was soon made public throughout London; and no one who was
+well bred was sparing of the grossest abuse against the duke of
+Burgundy and his country. Many of the common people collected together
+and went to different parts of the town to search for Flemings,
+Dutchmen, Brabanters, Picards, Hainaulters, and other foreigners, to
+use them ill, who were unsuspicious of deserving it. Several were
+seized in the heat of their rage and murdered; but, shortly after, king
+Henry put an end to this tumult, and the ringleaders were delivered up
+to justice.
+
+Some days after, the king and his council assembled to consider on the
+answers they should send to the duke of Burgundy's letters, when their
+opinions were divided: some would have war declared instantly against
+the duke, while others would have him regularly summoned, by letter or
+otherwise, to answer for his conduct. While this was under discussion,
+news was brought to the king, that in consequence of the pacification
+between the duke and king Charles, the duke was to have given up to
+him the towns, lordships, castles and forts, of St Quentin, Corbie,
+Amiens, St Riquier, Abbeville, Dourlens and Montrieul, which had been
+in the possession, and under the obedience of king Henry, who had
+received their oaths of fidelity, and had appointed officers for their
+government.
+
+This intelligence made bad worse, and the council determined not to
+send any answer. Upon which, the lord treasurer went to the three
+messengers at their lodgings, and told the heralds, Toison and
+Franche-comté, that the king, with the princes of his blood and his
+council, had seen and examined the letters they had brought,--and that
+they had been equally surprised at their contents as at the conduct of
+the duke, for which, if it pleased God, the king would provide a remedy.
+
+The messengers were very anxious to have an answer in writing,--but
+could not obtain one, although they frequently made this request. They
+were told, they might return to their own country,--and finding they
+could not do more, re-crossed the sea, and reported verbally to their
+lord the duke every thing that had passed.
+
+The mendicant doctor went to those who had sent him, without having had
+an opportunity of employing his talents. The messengers were very much
+afraid they should have been ill treated,--for on their journey home,
+they heard in several places their lord much and loudly abused by the
+common people, who did not receive them with that civility they used
+formerly to do.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XCIII.
+
+ THE POPULACE OF AMIENS RISE AGAINST THE LEVYING OF SOME TAXES WHICH
+ WERE INTENDED TO BE LAID ON THEM.
+
+
+At this period, the inhabitants of Amiens deputed an advocate, called
+master Tristan de Fontaines, to the duke of Burgundy, to endeavour to
+obtain the remission of a sum of money which the town owed to the duke,
+or to some of his partisans,--but he was unsuccessful. King Charles and
+the duke issued new ordinances, ordering that the taxes and subsidies
+which that place had before paid should be continued on the same
+footing as formerly.
+
+Master Tristan, on his return to Amiens, had these ordinances
+proclaimed at the usual places,--when a large body of butchers and
+others of the populace, being discontented thereat, suddenly collected
+together, with arms and staves according to their condition.
+
+They went thus armed to their mayor, and plainly told him, that they
+were determined not to pay these taxes, for he well knew that good king
+Charles would not that they should pay more than other towns under his
+obedience. The mayor, seeing their rude and bold behaviour, assented
+to all they said, appeasing them by gentle words; and as they were the
+masters, he agreed to go with them wherever they pleased through the
+town.
+
+They made captain over them one Honoré Cokin, and went first to the
+house of master Tristan, with the intent to put him to death; but
+he, having had from his friends intelligence of this, had escaped.
+They broke, however, many doors and windows in search of him,--and
+thence went to the house of one called Pierre le Clerc, provost of
+the Beauvoisis, who, during the time that master Robert le Jeune was
+bailiff of Amiens, had enjoyed great power, committed many extortions,
+and ill treated several of the inhabitants of that place and the
+country about, which had caused him to be much hated. They sought him
+every where, but in vain,--for, having heard of the tumult, he had
+hidden himself. They demolished his house and furniture, and drank in
+one night eighteen pipes of wine which he had in his cellars. They also
+made his nephew their prisoner, and confined him in the belfry.
+
+They committed numerous disorders in the town; and went in large bodies
+to the houses of the rich, who were forced to give them great sums of
+money, but more particularly meat and wine. Pierre le Clerc was all
+this time hidden in the hen-roost belonging to a poor man; but he was
+discovered to the mob, who went in great solemnity to seek him, and
+confined him in the town prison, whence they soon after dragged him
+to the market-place and cut his throat: his nephew suffered the like
+death. There was not a man now in Amiens who dared to oppose their will
+and pleasure.
+
+News of these proceedings were carried to the duke of Burgundy, who
+sent to Amiens John de Brimeu, the new bailiff, and shortly after the
+lord de Saveuses, who had been lately appointed the governor, with
+orders to inquire into and correct these abuses. They were followed
+by the count d'Estampes, with many knights, esquires and cross-bows;
+and again the lord de Croy was sent thither with a large force: he
+also carried with him the archers of the duke's household. Forces from
+different parts drew toward Amiens, and all the principal lords of
+Picardy, under pretence of besieging the castle of Bonnes, whither had
+retreated a body of pillagers.
+
+Honoré Cokin did not securely rely upon his companions, and was
+doubtful if they would not play him false, notwithstanding that they
+had been with the count d'Estampes, the governor and bailiff, to excuse
+themselves and him for what had passed. They had received courteous
+answers, and promises, that if they would behave well for the future,
+they should obtain their pardon.
+
+The lords having deliberated on the business, and taken possession of
+the belfry, with a sufficient guard, (who were to ring the alarm bell
+on the first sign of tumult, when all the commonalty were to assemble
+and join them) advanced to the market-place, having sent detachments
+to various parts of the town well armed, to prevent any disorders in
+future.
+
+The lord de Saveuses and the bailiff were then ordered to scour the
+streets with the troops, and to arrest all who refused to retire
+to their homes. When these regulations had been made, the count
+d'Estampes, attended by many noble lords and knights, remained in the
+market-place, which was filled with multitudes of people, and caused
+a new ordinance to be proclaimed in the names of king Charles and
+the duke of Burgundy, ordering the late subsidies and taxes to be
+continued, and, at the same time, pardoning all past offences, with the
+reserve of some few of the ringleaders, who would be named and punished.
+
+When this proclamation was made, Perrinet Chalons, one of the
+principal rioters, was present, and, hearing its contents, took to his
+heels,--but orders were instantly given to seize him. He was pursued
+into the church of Saint Germain, and found kneeling beside a priest
+saying mass; but, notwithstanding this, he was taken and carried to
+the belfry. On the other hand, Honoré Cokin, knowing of this meeting,
+had armed himself, with some of his associates, to attend it; but he
+was met by the governor and the bailiff, who instantly arrested him
+and sent him also to the belfry. Twenty or thirty other rebels were
+made prisoners, in different parts of the town; and this same day
+Honoré with seven others, his companions, had their heads cut off
+with a cooper's adze. Perrinet Chalons and two others were hanged and
+quartered on a gibbet: one was drowned, and about fifty banished the
+town. There were, afterward, several executed, for the same cause, at
+different times; and among them a celebrated pillager, who had been
+very active in his occupation. These executions brought the inhabitants
+of Amiens under the most perfect obedience.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XCIV.
+
+ THE FRENCH OVERRUN AND PILLAGE THE COUNTRY OF THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY
+ AFTER THE PEACE OF ARRAS.--THE MARSHAL DE RIEUX TAKES MANY TOWNS AND
+ CASTLES FROM THE ENGLISH IN NORMANDY.
+
+
+When the French ambassadors were returned to king Charles, and had
+shown him the treaty they had concluded at Arras with the duke of
+Burgundy, by which, among other articles, the duke acknowledged the
+king as his sovereign lord, he was much pleased, and ordered peace to
+be proclaimed in all the usual places.
+
+Soon after, the French in the town of Rue marched away,--and the
+government of it was given up to the commissaries of the duke of
+Burgundy. Another party of French, however, collected in Santerre,
+and in the Amiennois, where they plundered many places belonging to
+the duke of Burgundy and his friends: they even robbed all they met
+in those parts, nobles and others. The duke, therefore, ordered some
+troops to march against these marauders, who, hearing of it, retreated
+from that country.
+
+The English at this period laid siege to the bridge of Meulan, which
+the French had lately won, but, from some obstacles that arose, gave
+it up. In another quarter, the marshal de Rieux and Charles des
+Marêts gained the town of Dieppe, and some others in Normandy, in the
+following manner.
+
+Soon after the conclusion of the peace at Arras, several valiant French
+captains, such as the marshal de Rieux, Gaucher de Boussach, the lord
+de Longueval, and others, having with them from three to four hundred
+tried soldiers, marched, by the invitation of Charles des Marêts, on
+the Friday preceding All-saints-day, to escalade the strong town of
+Dieppe, seated on the sea-coast, and in the plentiful country of Caux.
+Charles des Marêts entered the town secretly, with about six hundred
+combatants, on the side toward the harbour, and thence hastened to
+destroy the gate leading toward Rouen,--by which the marshal watered
+with his men at arms on foot, and with displayed banners.
+
+It was about day-break when they arrived at the market-place, shouting
+out, 'Town won!' which cry greatly surprised the inhabitants, who began
+to shoot and to throw stones from the house-tops. As there were many in
+the town and on board of the vessels in the harbour, the French waited
+until nine or ten o'clock before they began to attack the houses,--but
+they were all won, with little loss to the French.
+
+The lieutenant-governor, Mortimer, fled with many others of the
+English, but the lord de Bloseville was taken. At the first onset,
+only three or four of the English garrison were killed,--but several
+were made prisoners, with all those who had supported their party. The
+property of the inhabitants was confiscated, excepting, however, those
+willing to take the oaths of fidelity and allegiance to king Charles.
+
+There were in the harbour numbers of vessels, the greater part of
+which fell into the hands of the French. The day the town was taken,
+proclamation was made for all foreigners to leave it, except such as
+were willing to take the oaths,--and Charles des Marêts was unanimously
+appointed governor for the king of France.
+
+The whole of the English throughout Normandy were greatly troubled and
+vexed at this capture, and not without cause, for the town of Dieppe
+was wonderous strong and excellently situated in one of the most
+fertile parts of that country.
+
+Shortly after, a body of French cavalry, to the amount of from three to
+four thousand, arrived at Dieppe and in the neighbourhood, under the
+command of Anthony de Chabannes, Blanchefort, Poton le Bourguignon,
+Pierre Regnault and other captains. They were soon joined by Poton de
+Saintrailles, John d'Estouteville, Robinet his brother, the lord de
+Montrieul Bellay, with other noble lords and commanders. To them came
+also a leader of the common people, called Le Kirennier, with about
+four thousand of the norman peasantry, who united themselves with the
+French forces, and took oaths, in the presence of the marshal de Rieux,
+to wage a perpetual warfare against the English.
+
+When these troops had been properly arranged, they took the field in
+good array on Christmas-eve, and marched to Fécamp,[23] which by means
+of the lord de Milleville was surrendered to the marshal, on promise of
+remaining unmolested. John d'Estouteville was made governor thereof;
+and on the morrow of Christmas-day the army advanced to Monstier
+Villiers, which was also surrendered by a Gascon called Jean du Puys,
+who had been placed there by the English. The marshal made a person
+called Courbenton its governor.
+
+The successes were now increasing on all sides in Normandy,--and many
+of the nobles took the oaths of fidelity to the marshal. The army was
+now marched to Harfleur, and made on it a vigorous assault; but they
+were repulsed by the garrison, with the loss of forty of their men
+killed,--the principal of whom were the lord de Monstrieul-Bellay and
+the bastard de Langle.
+
+The marshal had determined to renew the attack on the morrow; but the
+townsmen concluded a treaty to surrender, on condition that the four
+hundred English in the place should depart in safety with their baggage
+and property. The English captain, called William Minors, conducted his
+men and baggage out of the town,--and the inhabitants took the oaths of
+allegiance.
+
+At the same time, the following towns surrendered to the king's
+obedience, Le Bec Crespin, Tancarville, Gomerville, Les Loges, Valmont,
+Grasville, Longueville, Lambreville, and very many forts, with little
+loss to the French.
+
+The count de Richemont, constable of France, now joined this army,
+to whom, on his arrival, the towns and castles of Charles-Maisnil,
+Aumarle, St Germain sur Cailly, Fontaines le bourg, Préaux, Blainville
+and others, surrendered, in all of which garrisons were placed; and
+thus, at this season, was the greater part of the country of Caux
+conquered by the French. It is true, that they were forced from want
+of provision to leave these parts,--but their captains, before they
+departed, posted strong garrisons along the frontier.
+
+Charles des Marêts and Richarville were present at all these
+conquests: they took the field from Dieppe, and joined the marshal de
+Rieux, the lord de Torsy, Poton le Bourguignon, Broussart, Blanchefort,
+John d'Estouteville, and other captains renowned in war. To them,
+likewise, attached himself Le Kerennier with six thousand of the
+peasantry, to accomplish their work of driving the English out of the
+country.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 23: Fécamp,--a city of Normandy by the sea, diocese of Rouen.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XCV.
+
+ THE ENGLISH SUSPECT THE BURGUNDIANS WHO ARE WAGING WAR WITH THEM
+ AGAINST THE KING OF FRANCE: THEY NO LONGER CONVERSE OR KEEP COMPANY
+ WITH THEM.--OTHER MATTERS BRIEFLY SPOKEN OF.
+
+
+When the English in France were perfectly assured that a treaty had
+taken place between the duke of Burgundy and king Charles, they became
+very suspicious of the Burgundians, and guarded as much against them as
+they had done before against the French. Notwithstanding they had been
+on the greatest intimacy together, they had no longer confidence in
+each other,--and although there was no open warfare between them, the
+English and Burgundians were mutually taking measures in secret to gain
+advantages over each other.
+
+The English guarding the frontier toward Calais even attempted to take
+the town of Ardres by surprise,--and the Burgundians in Ponthieu made
+a similar attempt in regard to the castle of Crotoy, keeping outwardly
+fair appearances. Each were, however, much displeased at these
+attempts, and made preparations for open war.
+
+During this time, La Hire was quartered at Gerberoy;[24] and, in
+conjunction with Poton de Saintrailles and sir Regnault de Fontaines,
+collected about six hundred combatants, whom they led toward Rouen,
+in the hope of entering that town by means of friends within it,--but
+they failed in their enterprise. They and their men, being much tired,
+retreated to a large village, called Le Bois, to refresh themselves,
+but not without sir Thomas Kiriel, and the other English captains in
+Rouen, gaining intelligence thereof. He and his companions therefore
+speedily armed, and fell on the French at this village unexpectedly,
+with about a thousand combatants, who soon put them to the rout;
+for the French had not time to mount their horses, nor draw up in
+battle-array.
+
+The greater part fled the way they had come,--but a few of their
+leaders, attempting to rally them, were conquered by the English.
+Among the prisoners were the lords de Fontaines, Alain Geron, Alardin
+de Monssay, Jean de Bordes, Garnarde and many others, to the amount
+of upward of sixty. Eight or ten only were killed: the rest saved
+themselves by flight. La Hire was wounded, and lost his equipage.
+The English gained almost all their horses,--for the greater part
+dismounted, and escaped into a wood hard by.
+
+At this time, king Henry of England sent an embassy to the emperor of
+Germany; but the ambassadors, passing through Brabant, were arrested
+by the officers of the duke of Burgundy: they were, however, as I was
+informed, soon set at liberty, because the king of England and the duke
+had not declared war against each other. About this time also, by the
+exertions of sir John de Vergy, and some French captains under him, the
+English were driven out of the two strong towns they held in Champagne,
+on the frontiers of Bar, namely, Nogent le Roi and Montigny.
+
+In like manner, those of Pontoise surrendered their town into the hands
+of the lord de l'Isle-Adam, which had before been under the command of
+the English; for though this lord de l'Isle-Adam had carried on the
+war for the English, and had even been made marshal of France by king
+Henry, within a short time he had turned against him. The English lost
+also the castle of Vincennes, and other places they held in the Isle de
+France, and now began to perceive how much they suffered from the duke
+of Burgundy having quitted them, and from his union with France. They
+therefore conceived a greater hatred against him and his friends than
+against their ancient enemies the French.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 24: Gerberoy,--in the Isle de France, four leagues from
+Beauvais.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XCVI.
+
+ KING HENRY SENDS LETTERS TO THE HOLLANDERS, TO DRAW THEM TO HIS
+ PARTY.--A COPY OF THESE LETTERS.
+
+
+In this year, king Henry of England sent letters, sealed with his seal,
+to the mayor, sheriffs, counsellors, burghers and commonalty of the
+town of Ziric-zee, to entice them over to his party against the duke of
+Burgundy, a copy of which follows.
+
+'Henry, by the grace of God, king of England, lord of Ireland, to our
+very dear and great friends the burgomasters, sheriffs, counsellors and
+commonalty of the town of Ziric-zee, health, and perpetual love and
+affection. Very dear and great friends, how much advantage and profit
+arises to kingdoms from an uninterrupted alliance and confederation
+between kingdoms and great lords their prosperity fully evinces,
+and of which you have had experience. In recalling to mind the very
+ancient friendship and alliance that has so long subsisted between our
+predecessors the kings of this realm and the princes who have ruled
+over Holland, Zealand and Frizeland, we have observed that commerce
+has flourished and public tranquillity been preserved through means of
+this friendship, to the overthrow of hatreds, jealousies, and internal
+divisions.
+
+'Being most heartily desirous that such an alliance and friendship
+may continue, we shall pursue the steps of our predecessors, as well
+through affinity of blood as from old attachment to those princes of
+Zealand, who have worn our order of the Garter in the same manner that
+emperors and other royal persons, through affection to us, have done.
+
+'Having taken this opportunity of notifying to you that our friendship
+and love continue the same, and which we shall ever cultivate,
+preferring old friends to the making of new ones, as being far more
+honourable as well as profitable,--we frankly inform you, that we
+understand that, under pretence of a peace, divers novelties and
+changes have taken place in our kingdom of France, to the great
+prejudice of us and of our state, by infringing the general peace
+of the two realms, so loyally and faithfully concluded between our
+late very dear lords, our father and grandfather, the kings Henry and
+Charles lately deceased, whose souls may God pardon! and between the
+greatest nobles of the two kingdoms, as we have in full remembrance.
+
+'From this cause, various rumours are abroad, as if some countries were
+about to break off their confederations and alliances with us, but for
+which we know not of any reasons that should induce them so to do. We
+are anxious, therefore, for our satisfaction, to learn your intentions
+on this subject, as we make known ours to you,--and most affectionately
+entreat you to accept of our wish that our former friendship may be
+preserved, and that you will inform us of your intentions by the bearer
+of these presents, whom we send purposely to you; or should you be
+willing to send any envoys to notify to us your inclinations, we shall
+attend to them with a hearty good will. Very dear and great friends,
+may the Holy Spirit have you under his protection.
+
+'Given under our privy seal, at our palace of Westminster, the 14th day
+of December, in the year of Grace 1435, and of our reign the 14th.'
+
+The address on the letter was, 'To our very dear and great friends
+the burgomasters, sheriffs, counsellors and commonalty of the town of
+Ziric-zee.'
+
+On the receipt of this letter, the only answer the burgomasters gave
+the messenger was, that they would consider of it,--and then they
+sent it to the duke of Burgundy and his council, who were very much
+displeased at the conduct of the English toward him and his country, in
+this as well as in other matters.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XCVII.
+
+ THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY DETERMINES TO MAKE WAR ON THE ENGLISH.
+
+
+While affairs were growing worse every day between the English and
+Burgundians, the duke and some of his most able counsellors thought
+that it would be more advisable to consider on some private means to
+prevent the two countries going to war,--for that it would be better
+for all parties the duke should remain in peace, and neuter as to the
+war with France. To accomplish this, sir John de Luxembourg count de
+Ligny, who had not as yet taken the oaths of fidelity to king Charles,
+was sent for to the duke. At his request, sir John offered to write
+to his brother the archbishop of Rouen, who was one of the principal
+advisers of king Henry, and his chancellor for the kingdom of France.
+
+The business was immediately commenced, and the archbishop dispatched
+to king Henry in England. It was there resolved, that for the welfare
+of the two countries, they would remain in peace; and the archbishop
+sent word to his brother, that his request would be complied with,--and
+that England would give good security not to undertake any enterprise
+against the territories of the duke of Burgundy, provided the duke
+would give similar security to king Henry.
+
+Sir John de Luxembourg, on receiving this information in writing,
+sent it to the duke of Burgundy, and desired to know by the messenger
+whether he were willing to proceed further in the matter. The duke
+made answer, by the bishop of Tournay, that he would not; for that the
+English had of late behaved in a very hostile manner toward him and his
+subjects, and in various parts had defamed his person and his honour.
+They had overthrown from four to five hundred of his combatants on the
+borders of Flanders, and had also attempted to gain the town of Ardres
+by surprise. This had been confessed by four of the party who had been
+beheaded for it in that town. They had also done many other acts of
+hostility, which could not longer be passed over in silence.
+
+When the bishop of Tournay had given this answer to the messengers from
+the count de Ligny, they requested of the duke to have it in writing,
+which he complied with, and signed it with his own hand; but before the
+messengers were departed, the duke was strongly exhorted, by several
+of his council, to make preparations for a war against the English, in
+defence of his honour.
+
+In consequence, he shortly after had letters written and sent to king
+Henry of England, in which he stated the acts done on his part against
+himself and his subjects since the signing of the peace at Arras, which
+were so disagreeable and offensive to his honour that they could not
+longer be borne nor dissembled. He added, that if any thing should
+have been done inimical by him, no one ought to be surprised; for he
+had received too many insults and neglects not to warrant him therein,
+which had been very displeasing to him.
+
+When these papers had been examined by king Henry and his council,
+they were perfectly convinced that a war with the duke of Burgundy was
+inevitable, and gave immediate orders for the reinforcement of all the
+frontiers of the Boulonnois and of Crotoy, and warned those countries
+to be ready for whatever attempts might be made on them. In like manner
+did the duke of Burgundy strengthen all his towns on the frontier.
+
+The king of England sent declaratory letters to several parts of
+France, and the principal towns, to explain the cause of quarrel
+between him and the duke of Burgundy, which in substance contained
+excuses for the charges made against him by the duke, of the
+hostilities carried on against himself and subjects. He also stated
+the letter sent to Ziric-zee, as an instance of his wish to avoid any
+quarrel. With regard to the alliance he was desirous of forming with
+the emperor of Germany, he had a right so to do without being called to
+an account for it; and as for the summons that had been issued to raise
+a large army to wage war against the duke, he did not deny but that
+such summons was issued, though no cause for it was mentioned,--and he
+had a right to assemble an army, and employ it wheresoever he pleased.
+He concluded by saying, that the charges made against him by the duke
+of Burgundy were groundless, as would be apparent to all from the acts
+done against him and his subjects by the said duke and his allies. This
+declaration shall, if it please God, be thrown back on him from whom it
+came.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. XCVIII.
+
+ THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY, BY THE ADVICE OF HIS PRIVY COUNSELLORS, RESOLVES
+ TO MAKE AN ATTEMPT TO CONQUER CALAIS.
+
+
+Soon after the duke of Burgundy had sent his dispatches to England,
+charging king Henry and his subjects with the many hostile acts they
+had done against him, he knew that a war must take place, and held many
+councils to consider on the best means of conducting it.
+
+The council were much divided in their opinions: some were for the duke
+beginning the war, and assembling the whole of his forces, not only
+to oppose the English but to make an attempt to conquer Calais, which
+was his own inheritance. Others were of a different opinion, for they
+thought again and again on the commencement, and what might be the end
+of the war,--saying, that the English were so near many parts of their
+country that they could invade it with advantage whenever they pleased;
+and they knew not what dependance and aid could be expected from king
+Charles, his sovereign, and the princes he was now connected with, in
+case any misfortunes should befal him.
+
+This matter having been debated for many days, it was at length
+determined that the duke should commence hostilities, and require the
+assistance of his countries of Flanders, Holland, and the rest, to aid
+him in the conquest of Calais and the county of Guines. The principal
+advisers of this measure were master Jean Chevrot bishop of Tournay,
+the lord de Croy, master Jean de Croy his brother, sir Jean de Hornes,
+seneschal of Brabant, the lord de Chargny, the lord de Crevecoeur, Jean
+de Brimeu, bailiff of Amiens, and many others.
+
+Several great lords, who had constantly served the duke of Burgundy
+in his wars, were not called to this council,--such as sir John de
+Luxembourg, the lord d'Antoing, the vidame of Amiens, the bastard of
+St Pol, the lord de Saveuses, Hugh de Launoy, the lord de Mailly, and
+several others of high rank and power, as well in Picardy as in the
+other territories of the duke, who thought that, since they had been
+thus neglected, they were not bound to serve with their vassals in
+the ensuing war with that alacrity they would have done had they been
+summoned.
+
+When war had been resolved on, the duke went to Ghent, and assembled
+in the banqueting hall the sheriffs and deacons of the trades. He
+caused them to be harangued by master Goussenin le Sauvage, one of
+his counsellors at the castle of Ghent, how the town of Calais had
+belonged to his predecessors, and that it was his lawful inheritance,
+as part of his county of Artois, although the English had long held
+it by force, and against his right: of this they might be truly
+informed, by examining the report formerly made by Collart de Comines,
+high bailiff of Flanders, or by others of his counsellors: that the
+English, since the peace of Arras, had done many hostile acts against
+him and his subjects, which had much vexed him; and that they had, in
+various proclamations, defamed his person and honour, which he could
+not longer, without disgrace, suffer from them. For this reason he
+had visited them, to request that they would afford him aid in men
+and money to conquer the town of Calais, which, as master Goussenin
+added, was very prejudicial to all Flanders; for that the Flemings who
+went thither to purchase wool, tin, lead or cheese, were forced to pay
+in money according to what alloy the English pleased to put on it,
+or in ingots of refined gold and silver, which was not done in other
+countries, and this the deacons of the trades vouched to be true.
+
+When this harangue, which was very long, was concluded, the majority
+of the sheriffs and deacons, without deliberation, or fixing a day to
+consult with the other members of their body, consented to support
+the war, and would not listen to some wise and ancient lords, who
+were of a contrary opinion. But what is more, when news of this was
+spread through the other towns of Flanders, the whole country was eager
+for war; and it seemed to many to proceed too slowly,--for they were
+impatient to display how well provided they were with arms and warlike
+habiliments. They proceeded thus arrogantly and pompously,--for in
+truth it seemed to them that Calais could not be able to withstand
+their arms.
+
+The duke of Burgundy made similar applications to the other towns and
+castlewicks in Flanders for their aid in the war, and all liberally
+supported him. He also went to Holland, to solicit from the Hollanders
+shipping against Calais, who complied with the greater part of his
+demands. He thence returned home to make great preparations for his war
+against the English, and to conquer Calais.
+
+While these matters were going forward, several enterprises had been
+undertaken by the English and Burgundians against each other. The
+duke of Burgundy on his return to Picardy sent thence six hundred
+combatants, under the lord de Ternant, sir Simon de Lalain and other
+captains, to reinforce the lord de l'Isle-Adam at Pontoise, and to
+guard the frontier against the English, who were making a sharp attack
+on that town, although it was but lately won from them by the lord de
+l'Isle-Adam. A party of French joined these Picards, and made frequent
+attempts to gain the city of Paris.
+
+During this time, king Charles's queen was brought to bed of a son,
+to whom the king gave the baptismal name of Philip after the duke of
+Burgundy. The sponsors for the duke were Charles duke of Bourbon and
+Charles d'Anjou, brother to the queen. When the christening was over,
+the king sent a pursuivant with letters to the duke of Burgundy, to
+inform him of what he had done, and to express a wish that it might be
+agreeable to him. The duke was much pleased with the news, and made the
+pursuivant presents becoming a prince.
+
+The duke, in the mean time, continued to make requests throughout his
+dominions for succours of men and money, to carry on with effect his
+war against the English.
+
+
+
+
+[A.D. 1436.]
+
+CHAP. XCIX.
+
+ THE CITY OF PARIS IS REDUCED TO THE OBEDIENCE OF CHARLES KING OF
+ FRANCE.
+
+
+At the beginning of this year, the count de Richemont, constable of
+France, the bastard of Orleans, the lords de la Roche, de l'Isle-Adam,
+de Ternant, sir Simon de Lalain, his brother Sausse, with other french
+and burgundian captains, collected a force of about six thousand
+combatants, and marched from Pontoise toward Paris, in the hope of
+gaining admittance through the intrigues of the lord de l'Isle-Adam
+with the partisans of the burgundian faction within that city.
+
+Having remained there from four to five hours, seeing they could not
+succeed, they quartered themselves at Aubervilliers, Montmartre, and
+other places around. On the morrow, they attacked the town of St
+Denis, wherein were from four to five hundred English, and won it by
+storm.--About two hundred English were slain,--and the rest fled to
+the abbey, where they were besieged, but soon surrendered on having
+their lives spared, with the reservation of some of the natives, who
+were to remain at the discretion of the conquerors.
+
+The next day, which was a Thursday, sir Thomas Beaumont, lately
+arrived at Paris with six hundred fighting men from Normandy, marched
+from Paris to St Denis, to inquire into the state of the French. When
+they perceived him, they made a sally with a large force, and almost
+immediately defeated him. Three hundred and eighty were killed or made
+prisoners, and among the last was sir Thomas: the rest escaped by
+flying to Paris, pursued to the very gates.
+
+The Parisians most inclined to the duke of Burgundy, namely, those in
+the quarter of the market-place, and some few of the university, with
+Michael Lallier and others of the principal citizens, seeing the great
+loss the English had suffered, and so large a force of French and
+Burgundians under their walls, assembled in parties, and resolved to
+drive out the English and admit the others into their town. This they
+made known to the lord de l'Isle-Adam, that he might inform the other
+captains of their intentions. He sent notice thereof to the constable
+and the nobles, who, eager to gain Paris, marched from St Denis in
+handsome array, very early on the Friday morning.
+
+In the mean time, Louis de Luxembourg, bishop of Therouenne, the
+bishops of Lisieux and of Meaux, the lord Willoughby, and others of
+the english party, suspecting that the commonalty were about to turn
+against them, posted their men in the street of St Antony, near to the
+bastille, which they filled with provision and warlike stores. They
+kept their men armed, and on their guard, to retreat thither should
+there be occasion.
+
+When the French and Burgundians were come before Paris, to the gate of
+St James, on the other side of the Seine toward Montlehery, they sent
+the lord de l'Isle-Adam to hold a parley with the inhabitants on the
+ramparts. He displayed to them a general amnesty from king Charles for
+all that was passed, sealed with his great seal,--admonishing them, at
+the same time, to surrender instantly to their lawful king and lord, at
+the request of the duke of Burgundy, as they were now reconciled, for
+that they had been ever steadily attached to the duke, and under his
+government they would still remain. The Parisians, hearing these soft
+speeches from the lord de l'Isle-Adam and his confederates, were so
+much pleased, that they agreed, shortly after, to admit them into the
+city.
+
+Ladders were now hastily placed against the walls, by which the lord
+de l'Isle-Adam mounted and entered the town. He was followed by the
+bastard of Orleans and numbers of their men. A large body of the
+Burgundy-faction and of the commonalty met them, shouting, 'Peace! Long
+live king Charles, and the duke of Burgundy!'
+
+Soon after, the gates were thrown open, and the constable entered,
+with the other lords and their men at arms. They advanced toward the
+bastille, whither the bishops, and those of the english party, had
+retreated, with a show of making some resistance; but it was vain, for
+their enemies were too numerous. They were, therefore, repulsed at
+the first onset, and a few killed and made prisoners. Barriers were
+now erected before the gate of the bastille with large timber, and men
+at arms posted in the Tournelles and adjoining parts, to prevent the
+English from making any sallies. All their effects were now seized and
+plundered,--and those who had been their principal supporters were
+imprisoned, and their property confiscated. New officers were also
+appointed, in the name of king Charles, for the government of the town.
+
+The bishop of Therouenne, lord Willoughby, and the others in the
+bastille, held a parley with the French; and, by means of the lord
+de Ternant and sir Simon de Lalain, it was concluded that, on the
+surrender of the bastille, those within should be allowed to depart in
+safety, with all their effects. They had a passport from the constable,
+under which they went by land and water to Rouen.
+
+The Parisians, at their departure, set up a grand shouting at them,
+crying out 'à la queue[25]!' Thus was the city of Paris reduced to the
+obedience of king Charles. The English, after passing the gate leading
+to the country, went round to embark at the back of the Louvre. The
+bishop of Therouenne lost all the rich ornaments of his chapel; and the
+greater part of his jewels and valuable rings fell to the lot of the
+constable. However, he was much favoured by the lord de Ternant and sir
+Simon de Lalain; and they restored to him some of his wealth, which was
+dispersed in different parts of the town.
+
+The standard of the duke of Burgundy was displayed at all the gates, as
+an inducement for the Parisians to turn to his party. Some new knights
+were created on this occasion by the constable, from the country of
+Picardy, namely, Sausse de Lalain and Robert de Neufville, with others
+of the French.
+
+The constable remained for a long time in Paris after this
+conquest,--and with him the lord de Ternant, who was made provost. The
+aforesaid sir Sausse de Lalain, the bastard of Orleans, and others of
+the French and Picards, now returned to the places they had come from.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 25: In the French Dictionary of Richelet, it is thus
+explained: _à la queue leu leu_, (_Continenti serie ludere_) a kind
+of play, which means, 'the tail of the wolf.' To play _à la queue leu
+leu_, is said when children place themselves in a file, and the leader,
+making a half-wheel round, drags the rest after him, endeavouring to
+catch hold of the last in the file.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. C.
+
+ ARTHUR COUNT DE RICHEMONT, CONSTABLE OF FRANCE, MAKES WAR ON THE HEIR
+ OF COMMERCY.
+
+
+In this year, the count de Richemont, constable of France, advanced
+into Champagne with a large body of troops to make war on the heir of
+Commercy and others, who were disobedient to king Charles, and had
+greatly annoyed that and the surrounding countries.
+
+On his arrival, he took Laon, some leagues from Rheims, and thence
+marched to Braine[26], belonging to the lord of Commercy; but as it was
+too strong and well garrisoned, and refused to submit, he passed on to
+Saint Menehoud, in the possession of Henry de la Tour, who gave it up
+on capitulation.
+
+The constable was here joined by the youth Everard de la Marche, who
+made an agreement with him for his men to lay siege to Chavensy[27].
+The constable gave him several of his captains and their men: with
+these he commenced the siege of Chavensy about eight days after Easter,
+by erecting a strong block-house, wherein he quartered about four
+hundred of his troops and a number of common people, who came thither
+at times from the low countries.
+
+Everard had with him the constable's lieutenant named Jean de
+Malatrait, sir John Geoffry de Conurant, and the provost of the
+marshals, Tristan de l'Hermite, and also Pierre d'Orgy, Yvon du Puys,
+the Arragonian, Estienne Diest, le grand Pierre, and others, men of
+renown, who remained full four months carrying on a severe war against
+this garrison, which, nevertheless defended themselves with prudence
+and ability.
+
+While this was going forward, a party of the besieging army kept the
+open country, with the intent of harrassing in other places the heir
+of Commercy, who was always on his guard, and well attended by men at
+arms. He learnt from his spies, that his adversaries were quartered
+at the village of Romaigne[28], in Champagne; and before they could
+be prepared to resist him, he made a sudden attack on them at eight
+of the clock in the morning, and totally defeated them. About sixty
+were slain, among whom were Alain Geron bailiff of Senlis, Geoffry de
+Morillon, Pierre d'Orgy, Alain de la Roche, Olivier de la Jouste, the
+bastard of Villebranche, and many other gentlemen. Six score were made
+prisoners,--and in the number was one Blanchelaine.
+
+The heir of Commercy retreated after this defeat,--and when news of it
+was carried to the besiegers of Chavensy, they were greatly surprised.
+Everard de la Marche was not cast down by this misfortune, but gained
+to his party the count de Vernembourg, who in person, attended by his
+two sons, and accompanied by four or five hundred combatants, went
+to this siege. He carried with him, likewise, sir Hugh Tauxte and
+sir Herault de Gourgines, governors of Ainville[29], the children of
+Brousset, and many more great lords, who remained at this siege until
+the night of St John's day,--when the besieged made a grand sally, and
+set fire to the quarters of the besiegers. They were successful in
+throwing the enemy into confusion, and slew from two to three hundred,
+among whom were Estienne Diest and the Arragonian. Another skirmish
+took place, when one of the sons of the count de Vernembourg was
+killed, and the great block-house set on fire by means of rockets. The
+besiegers, having suffered severely in these sallies, decamped, when
+their quarters were burnt.
+
+Angillebert de Dolle and Girard de Marescoup commanded in Chavensey,
+during this siege, for the Lord de Commercy, with about two hundred
+fighting men.
+
+During this time, the constable had reduced to obedience the towns
+of Nampteuil-sur-Aine[30], Han-les-Moines[31], Bourg[32], and other
+castles, on his presenting himself before them.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 26: Braine,--near Compiégne.]
+
+[Footnote 27: Chavensy. Q.]
+
+[Footnote 28: La Romaigne,--near Rethel in Champagne.]
+
+[Footnote 29: Ainville, on the frontiers of Champagne and Lorraine.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. CI.
+
+ THE BISHOP OF LIEGE AND THE LIEGEOIS DESTROY BOUSSEUVRE[33], AND OTHER
+ FORTS THAT HAD MADE WAR AGAINST THEM.
+
+
+At the end of the month of April, the bishop of Liege raised a large
+force to combat and reduce to obedience several forts in the forest
+of the Ardennes, held by a set of plunderers, who had done much
+mischief to the inhabitants of his territories. The principal leaders
+and supporters of these marauders were Jean de Beaurain, Philipot de
+Sergins, the lord d'Orchimont and others, who made the castle of
+Boussenoch, Villers opposite to Mousson, Aubigny, Beaurain, Orchimont,
+and several other castles in these parts, their retreats.
+
+Some of them gave out that they were attached to the king of France,
+others to the duke of Burgundy, but the greater part to sir John de
+Luxembourg, count de Ligny; while two of them, John de Beaurain and
+Philipot de Sergins, made war on their own account, to recover sums due
+to them for services they had done the Liegeois.
+
+The bishop, through the aid of the nobles of the country, assembled
+from two to three thousand horse, and from twelve to sixteen thousand
+infantry, well equipped, and armed each according to his rank: he
+had also three or four thousand carts laden with provision, military
+engines, and stores of all kinds. The bishop, on quitting Liege,
+advanced to Dinant[34], and thence across the river Meuse. Having
+marched through woods for five leagues, his forces halted two days
+at Rigniues,[35] to wait for the baggage, which travelled slowly on
+account of the badness of the roads. At this place, the bishop formed
+his army into four divisions, namely, two of cavalry, and the same
+number of infantry,--and, riding down their fronts, admonished every
+one to perform his duty well.
+
+He dispatched part of his cavalry to post themselves before the castle
+of Boussenoch, while he followed with the main body, and on his
+arrival surrounded it on all sides, placing his bombards and engines
+against the walls and gates of the castle, in which were about twenty
+pillagers, greatly surprised to see so large an army before the gates.
+
+The Liegeois set instantly to work, and soon drained the ditches
+by sluices which they cut, while others brought faggots and filled
+them, so that they began to storm the place with such vigour that the
+bulwark was instantly won. Those within retreated to a large tower,
+and defended themselves for a long time; but it was of no avail, for
+they were overpowered by fire and arrows, and surrendered at discretion
+to the bishop, who had them all hanged on trees near to the castle,
+by a priest who acted as their captain,--and he, after hanging his
+companions, was tied to a tree and burnt, and the castle razed to the
+ground.
+
+The bishop, after this exploit, marched away toward the upper Châtelet;
+but many of his army wanted to march to Hirson[36] and other places
+of sir John de Luxembourg,--because, they said, he was the supporter
+of those they were now making war on. But this same day the bastard
+of Coucy met the bishop, and said that he was sent by sir John de
+Luxembourg to assure the bishop that sir John was only desirous of
+living on neighbourly terms with him, and to request that he would
+not suffer any injuries to be done to his country or vassals; that if
+any thing wrong had been done to the Liegeois by those who gave out
+that they were dependant on him, he wished to be heard in his defence,
+and would refer the matter to friends of either side as arbitrators.
+At the same time, letters were brought from the duke of Burgundy to
+the bishop, to require that he would not do any injury to sir John de
+Luxembourg, nor to the lord d'Orchimont, which put an end to their
+intended plan.
+
+The bishop, with a part of his army, then marched to the castle of
+Aubigny, when, finding that the garrison had fled through fear of
+him, he ordered the castle to be burnt. From Aubigny he went to
+upper Châtelet, wherein a body of his men were, for the garrison had
+abandoned it,--and it was destroyed as the others had been.
+
+The bishop had intended marching to Villiers; but his intention being
+known to the inhabitants of Mousson and Ivoy, they destroyed the castle
+of Villiers, fearful of the damages that would be done to the country
+should the Liegeois once enter it. On hearing this, the bishop took
+the road to Beaurain, which castle John de Beaurain, its lord, had
+lately repaired and strengthened with the addition of four towers: one
+he called Hainault, another Namur, the third Brabant, and the fourth
+Rethel, because it was from those countries he had gotten the money
+to build them. However, when he heard of the march of the Liegeois, he
+was afraid to wait their coming, and fled with his men, but not before
+he had set the castle on fire. This did not prevent the bishop from
+completely demolishing it to its foundations; then, without proceeding
+further, he marched his men back to their own country, and went himself
+to the city of Liege.
+
+At this season, the town of Gamaches in Vimeu, which had long been held
+by the English, surrendered to the lord d'Aussi and to sir Florimont de
+Brimeu, seneschal of Ponthieu, by means of certain friends they had in
+the town. The seneschal re-garrisoned it with men at arms for the duke
+of Burgundy. In like manner, the English were driven out of Aumarle,
+which surrendered to a gentleman called David de Reume, attached to
+king Charles.
+
+About the same time, the constable laid siege to Creil, in the
+possession of the English, and erected a block-house at the end of
+the bridge on the road to the Beauvoisis, wherein he remained for a
+long time, but at length marched away in disgrace, which grieved him
+much,--for he had lost many men, together with very large quantities of
+military stores and artillery.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 30: Nampteuil,--near Rheims.]
+
+[Footnote 31: Han,--near Rheims.]
+
+[Footnote 32: Bourg,--near Rheims.]
+
+[Footnote 33: Bousseuvre,--is called afterward Boussenoch.]
+
+[Footnote 34: Dinant, on the Meuse, sixteen leagues from Liege.]
+
+[Footnote 35: Rigniues. Q.]
+
+[Footnote 36: Hirson,--or Herisson, a town in Picardy, election of
+Guise.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. CII.
+
+ THE TOWN AND CASTLE OF ORCHIMONT ARE DESTROYED BY EVERARD DE LA MARCHE.
+
+
+Bernard de Bourset kept quiet possession of the town of Orchimont and
+its castle,--but one day, having as usual sent out a detachment of
+about fifty to lay waste and plunder the country of Liege, they were
+observed and pursued by the Liegeois, under the command of the provost
+of Rebogne. Their passage being cut off on the way they meant to have
+returned, they fled for Dinant, and entered Bouvines, thinking they
+should be safe there, but were mistaken, inasmuch as they were detained
+prisoners. Although the officers of justice from Liege made frequent
+applications to those of Bouvines to have them punished according to
+their deserts, they were set at liberty, for these two towns did not
+much love each other.
+
+While this matter was passing, Everard de la Marche, who was in
+alliance with the bishop of Liege, and had also many subjects of
+complaint against these pillagers, assembled in haste as many men
+as he could,--and, being joined by some forces from Dinant and the
+surrounding country, advanced to Orchimont, and took the town by
+storm. Bernard had at this moment but few men with him, and therefore
+retreated to the castle, whither he was gallantly pursued by the
+Liegeois. They pressed him so hardly that, at the end of four days, he
+surrendered, on capitulation, to Everard de la Marche.
+
+The castle and town were after this razed to the ground, to the great
+joy of all the neighbouring country,--for they had been inhabited by a
+set of wicked vagabonds, who had annoyed all within their reach.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. CIII.
+
+ THE ENGLISH MAKE EXCURSIONS FROM CALAIS TOWARD BOULOGNE AND
+ GRAVELINES.--LA HIRE CONQUERS GISORS, AND LOSES IT SOON AFTERWARDS.
+
+
+While the war was on the point of breaking out between the English and
+Burgundians, for each party was now watching the other, the English
+suddenly came before Boulogne, thinking to win it by surprise,--but it
+was too well defended. They burnt part of the shipping in the harbour,
+and then retreated to Calais with all they could collect, without loss.
+
+Shortly after, they again assembled a force of five or six hundred
+combatants, and set out on a foraging party toward Gravelines. The
+Flemings in that quarter collected, and attacked the English, contrary
+to the will and advice of the gentlemen who commanded them, namely,
+Georges des Ubes and Chery Hazebrouch. The consequence was, that they
+were conquered,--from three to four hundred killed, and full six score
+prisoners, whom the English carried with them and their forage to
+Calais, and to other places under their obedience. The remainder saved
+themselves by flight as speedily as they could.
+
+At this time, La Hire was posted at Beauvais and Gerberoy,--and, by
+means of intelligence which he had kept up in the town of Gisors, he
+gained admittance, with the forces under his command, and won the
+place. Part of the garrison retired into the castle, and hastily sent
+off messengers to Rouen, and to other towns, to state their situation
+and demand succours. On the third day, so strong a reinforcement came,
+the town was reconquered,--and La Hire and his companions marched off
+at a quicker step than a pace, with the exception of twenty or thirty
+who had remained behind. These were put to death or detained prisoners
+by the English, together with a great number of the inhabitants,
+because they had afforded assistance to their enemies.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. CIV.
+
+ THE MEN OF GHENT, AND THE FLEMINGS, MAKE GREAT PREPARATIONS FOR THE
+ SIEGE OF CALAIS.
+
+
+The men of Ghent were not idle all this time. They issued a summons
+throughout their castlewicks and dependances, for all burghers,
+whatever their rank might be, (reserving, however, the vassals of their
+prince) to appear within three days before the sheriffs of Ghent, and
+have their names and surnames inrolled, under pain of losing their
+franchises. They were also ordered to provide themselves with arms
+and all necessary habiliments for war. They likewise caused it to be
+proclaimed, that those who had for their misdeeds been condemned to
+perform certain pilgrimages, would be excused from doing them until
+their return from the war, and fourteen days after; and also that those
+who had quarrels should be placed under the safeguard of the law,
+and all who dared to infringe it should be punished according to the
+custom of the town of Ghent. It was also forbidden for any one of that
+country, whatever his rank, to carry, or have carried away, any armour,
+or habiliments for war, under pain of banishment for ten years.
+
+When these proclamations were issued, there was much bustle in Ghent
+and its dependances in preparations for the war,--and every town and
+village knew exactly how many men they were to provide to make up the
+quota of seventeen thousand, which the city of Ghent had promised
+to deliver to their prince in the course of the present year; and
+each family knew also the exact amount of the taxes it was to pay
+for the support of the war. Summonses were next issued through their
+castlewicks, that a third more carts and waggons were to be provided
+than had been necessary for the late expedition to Hamme on the Somme;
+and these demands were proclaimed in all the usual places by officers
+sent from Ghent. But as these matters did not seem to the men of Ghent
+to be pushed forward with the expedition they expected, they sent
+another proclamation to their officers, declaring, that if within three
+days from the date thereof there were not sent to their commissary in
+Ghent the number of carriages required, they would order the deacon of
+the black hoods and his attendants to the different towns and villages
+to seize on all the best carts and carriages without exception, and at
+the expense of those who should neglect to send them to Ghent by the
+time specified. This second proclamation caused such an alarm among the
+farmers and peasants, lest the black hoods should be sent, that they
+made such dispatch in forwarding their carriages to the appointed place
+that the townsmen of Ghent were well satisfied with them.
+
+The regulations for their arms were as follow: each was to provide
+himself with a short mallet of lead or iron, having points on its head
+and a lance; that two mallets would be reckoned as equal to one lance;
+that without such arms they would not pass muster,--and those who
+should be found defective would be punished.
+
+The inhabitants of Bruges, and the other towns, made likewise very
+grand preparations to join the army; and for two months the majority of
+such as had been ordered on this service had not done a single day's
+work at their trades. Thus the greater part of their time was occupied
+in spending their money in large companies at taverns and ale-houses,
+which very frequently caused quarrels, when several were killed or
+wounded.
+
+The duke of Burgundy, in the mean while, was busily employed in
+preparing for his attack on Calais.
+
+During this time, there lived one Hannequin Lyon, a native of
+Dunkirk, but who, for his demerits, had been banished from Ghent,
+and, becoming a fugitive, turned pirate, and, by his good fortune and
+activity, increased in wealth, so that he now possessed eight or ten
+vessels, well armed and victualled, under his command. He made war
+indiscriminately on the flags of all nations, and was much feared on
+the coasts of Holland and Flanders. He called himself The Friend of God
+and the Enemy of all Mankind.
+
+At length, he met with the fate that people of his way of life
+generally experience,--for, when he was at the highest pinnacle of his
+fortune, he lost his life and his wealth in a tempest at sea.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. CV.
+
+ SIR JOHN DE CROY, BAILIFF OF HAINAULT, IN CONJUNCTION WITH OTHER
+ CAPTAINS, ATTACK THE ENGLISH AND ARE DISCOMFITED BY THEM.
+
+
+At this time, sir John de Croy, bailiff of Hainault, assembled, on
+the borders of Picardy and the Boulonnois, about fifteen hundred
+combatants, the principal leaders of whom were the lord de Waurin, sir
+Baudo de Noyelle, sir Louis de Thieubronne, Robert de Saveuses, Richard
+de Thieubronne, the lord Deulez, the bastard of Roucy, with several
+more, well experienced in war. They intended to march them against
+Calais and other places dependant on the English, and for this reason
+had their rendezvous at a village called le Wast, two leagues from St
+Omer.
+
+They marched thence one night to forage the country of the enemy,--but
+this same night the English had formed an expedition to do the like
+in the Boulonnois, to the amount of about two thousand men. Neither
+of them knew of the other's intent, nor did they take roads likely
+to meet; but on sir John de Croy's approaching the English border,
+he dispatched some expert men at arms, well acquainted with the
+country, to gain intelligence. They fell in with the rear of the
+English detachment near the bridge of Milay, about day-break, and, on
+reconnoitring them, found that they were very numerous. When returned
+to sir John, they made him acquainted with what they had seen, and
+that the English were advancing toward the Boulonnois. A council of
+the captains was called to determine how they should act, when it
+was resolved to pursue and attack them during the time they would be
+engaged in plundering the villages, if they could overtake them in
+time--otherwise to combat them wherever they should meet.
+
+It was ordered that sir John de Croy, accompanied by a body of the most
+able men at arms, should advance with the greater part of the archers,
+and that the main body should follow near, under the banner of sir
+Louis de Thieubronne.
+
+Scouts were again sent forward, who rode long before they saw the
+fires which the enemy had made by burning different villages and small
+towns. Some prisoners whom they had taken had given information to the
+English of their being abroad, who in consequence had collected their
+men on a small eminence between Gravelines and Campagne[37]. It might
+be at this time about ten o'clock, but the greater part of the English
+were assembled lower down, and could not well be seen.
+
+The main body of the Burgundians, on perceiving the enemy, were very
+eager for the combat, because the advanced party had already begun
+the engagement, and from sixty to eighty of the English on the hill
+were slain and the others put to flight; but when, on advancing, they
+perceived so large a body on the other side of the declivity rallying
+the runaways, they were surprised and fearful of the event, and halted
+for the arrival of the main body.
+
+In the mean time, the English recovered courage on seeing the enemy
+afraid to follow up their victory, and made a well ordered and firm
+charge upon them. The Burgundians could not withstand the shock, were
+thrown into confusion, and, instantly wheeling round, fled in haste for
+the castles under their obedience.
+
+The English, who had been half conquered at the first onset, pursued
+them, full gallop, as far as the town of Ardres, and even within the
+barriers. Upwards of a hundred were slain or made prisoners: among the
+first was Robert de Bournonville, surnamed the Red. In the last were
+Jean d'Estreves, Bournonville, Galiot du Champ, Maide, Houttefort,
+Barnamont, and many others, men of note. The English pursued their
+enemies with such eagerness that five or six were killed close to the
+ditches of the town,--and among them was one of very high rank.
+
+The lord de Waurin, sir Baudo de Noyelle, sir Louis de Thieubronne,
+Robert de Saveuses, who had that day been knighted, and several more,
+saved themselves in Ardres. Sir John de Croy had been wounded by an
+arrow at the first onset, and his horse killed. He and the lord Deulez
+retired to the abbey of Lille, much troubled and hurt at his defeat.
+The others escaped to divers forts and castles in the neighbourhood.
+
+When the English had ceased pursuing, they collected together, and
+returned with their prisoners to Calais, and to other places under
+their government. The count de Mortaigne came out of Calais to meet
+them, and gave them a most joyful reception, blaming greatly, at the
+same time, those who by flying had put them in such imminent danger.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 37: Campagne-les-Boulonnois,--a village of Artois, near St
+Omer.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. CVI.
+
+ THE FLEMINGS MARCH TO THE SIEGE OF CALAIS--AND MARCH BACK AGAIN.
+
+
+At the beginning of the month of June, duke Philip of Burgundy having
+completed his preparations for the siege of Calais, as well in men
+as in warlike stores, went without state to Ghent and other places
+in Flanders, that he might hasten the march of the troops from that
+country.
+
+On the Saturday after Corpus-Christi-day, a general muster was made
+in Ghent before the duke, of all who were to join his army from that
+town and its dependances, namely, from the towns of Alost, Grammont,
+Dendermonde and Mene[38], (with those of the five members of the
+county of Alost, containing seventy-two country towns and lordships)
+of Boulers, Sotengien, Tournay, Gaures and Rides, with those from
+Regnaits, and the regalles of Flanders, situated between Grammont and
+Tournay. These troops remained in the market-place, where they had
+been mustered, from eight o'clock in the morning until noon, when
+they marched out of the town, taking the road to Calais. The duke
+accompanied them as far as the open country, where he took leave of
+them and went to Bruges, to hasten their contingent of men.
+
+The weather was so exceedingly oppressive that two of the ghent
+captains died of the heat. They were named Jean des Degrez, deacon of
+the watermen, and Gautier de Wase-Reman, captain of Westmonstre, with
+several others of low degree. The commander in chief of this division
+of the flemish army was the lord de Comines; of that of Bruges, the
+lord de Fienhuse; of those from Courtray, sir Girard de Guistelles; of
+those from the Franc, the lord de Merque; of those from Ypres, Jean de
+Comines.
+
+The first night they halted at Deijnse and Peteghem, which are not far
+distant from Ghent, and remained there on the morrow to wait for their
+baggage and stores. On the ensuing Monday they departed, and continued
+their march until they came to the town of Armentieres, when they
+quartered themselves in the meadows without the town with those from
+Courtray and Oudenarde, who were within the castlewick of Ghent, and
+had joined them on the march. The lord d'Antoing was their leader and
+commander in chief, as being hereditary viscount of all Flanders.
+
+When they remained at Armentieres, twenty-one of their men were
+arrested, and hung on trees in front of head-quarters, for
+having robbed some peasants. The ghent division then advanced to
+Hazebrouch, in the country of Alleu, where they destroyed the mill
+of d'Hazebourch, because he had, as they said, led on the Flemings
+ungallantly when they were lately defeated by the English near to
+Gravelines; but he excused himself by declaring, they would not attend
+to his advice, nor obey his orders.
+
+Thence they advanced to Drinchaut[39], where they were met by their
+prince the duke of Burgundy, and the count de Richemont, constable of
+France, who had come thither to wait on the duke. Both of them visited
+the ghent men, and partook of a collation at their head-quarters.
+The army marched through Bourbourg, and quartered themselves near to
+Gravelines, where they destroyed the mill of Georges de Wez, for the
+same reason they had done that of Cherry de Hazebourch.
+
+At this place they were joined by the forces from Bruges, Ypres, the
+Franc and other towns in Flanders, and formed an handsome encampment,
+placing the tents regularly according to the towns they came
+from--which made a fine sight, and at a distance had the appearance of
+a large town. The carriages were innumerable to convey these tents,
+baggage and stores; and on the top of each was a cock to crow the
+hours. There were also great numbers of peasants to drag the culverines
+and other engines of war; and the majority of the Flemings wore plain
+armour, according to the custom of their country.
+
+On their departure, they all mustered under arms before the duke and
+constable, who viewed them with much pleasure,--and on this day a wolf
+ran through the ranks of the division from Bruges, which caused a great
+alarm and a cry of 'To arms!' on which the whole took the field, when
+there might be full thirty thousand wearing helmets. They crossed the
+river at Gravelines, and fixed their quarters at Tournehem, not far
+distant. The weather was at this time dreadfully severe, with rain and
+such high winds that they could not pitch their tents, but were forced
+to lie on the ground. Three Picards were arrested and hanged by the
+ghent men, for robbing the landlord of an hôtel of his provisions.
+
+The count d'Estampes here joined the army of Flanders with the men at
+arms the duke of Burgundy had ordered on this expedition,--and on a
+Friday the whole encamped before the castle of Oye[40], in possession
+of the English. This place soon surrendered to the duke and to the
+men of Ghent, who ordered nine and twenty to be hanged the same day
+in front of the castle; and afterward twenty-five suffered the like
+sentence, with the exception of three or four that were respited at the
+request of the duke. The castle was on its surrender burnt, and razed
+to the ground.
+
+With regard to the Picards and Burgundians now with the army, although
+very expert plunderers, they could not lay hands on any thing; for the
+flemish commanders would on no account suffer such things, or, when
+known, pass them over with impunity,--and, what was worse, when they
+chanced to get any things from the enemy, it often happened that, with
+their spoil, their own private property was taken from them also. When
+they complained of this, they only received additional blows, which
+obliged them to be silent and suffer all, from the greater power of the
+Flemings, but it was most impatiently.
+
+The Flemings were so presumptuous that they thought nothing could be
+done without them, and even imagined that the English, from fear of
+them would abandon Calais and fly to England. This was frequently the
+subject of their conversations with the Picards, adding, that they
+well knew that, when the English should be informed of their lords of
+Ghent being in arms against them, they would not run the risk of being
+conquered by them, but make a timely retreat; that it was negligence in
+the fleet not to have advanced prior to their arrival, before the port
+of Calais, to cut off their escape.
+
+They needed not have been so uneasy on this head, for the English were
+well inclined to defend themselves,--and in truth, king Henry and all
+England would just as soon have lost their thirty-year's conquests in
+France as the single town of Calais, as I have been credibly informed,
+and as they full well showed by their defence shortly afterward.
+
+When the castle of Oye had been demolished, the whole army decamped, to
+take post between the castle of Marque and Calais. At the same time,
+the duke of Burgundy and his men at arms made an excursion before the
+town of Calais, whence issued out a party of horse and foot, and a
+considerable skirmish took place,--but in the end the English were
+repulsed, and the Picards and Flemings drove away a large booty in
+cows, sheep, horses, and other things.
+
+The duke staid with his men at arms some time near Calais, until the
+armies were returned to their quarters, and then went to his own tent
+before the castle of Marque, as the Picards were about to make a
+serious attack on it. The bulwark was won, to the great astonishment of
+the garrison, who displayed on the side toward Calais the banner of St
+George, ringing at the same time all their bells, and making the most
+horrid noises and cries.
+
+The assailants, fearful that the garrison would escape by night, placed
+a strong guard all around; and, on the morrow, pointed many great
+engines against the walls, which damaged them in several places.
+They were then jointly attacked by the Picards and Flemings; but they
+defended themselves obstinately by throwing down stones from the
+battlements, with which and with arrows they killed and wounded so many
+that the assailants were glad to retreat. The besieged demanded a truce
+for a parley, which was granted them, when they offered to surrender
+to the duke on the sole condition of not being hanged,--but that they
+would submit in other respects unconditionally. These terms were
+accepted, and all persons forbidden to enter the castle under pain of
+death, unless ordered so to do.
+
+The garrison was conducted by the four chief flemish officers to the
+head-quarters of the ghent division; and it was determined to make
+reprisals, in order to have some flemish prisoners in Calais exchanged.
+In consequence, one hundred and four English were delivered over to the
+bailiff of Ghent, who carried them thither to be imprisoned.
+
+The greater part of the common men now entered the castle and took
+whatever they could find; but some of the ghent men, placing
+themselves at the gates, seized on all articles that had been taken, as
+they repassed, and laid them in a heap, saying they were so ordered by
+the sheriffs of Ghent,--but, when night came, they loaded the whole on
+carts, and carried it whithersoever they pleased. They were, however,
+charged with this before the sheriffs, and were banished from Ghent,
+and the country of Flanders, for fifty years. This sentence raised
+great murmurings, and was nearly the cause of a general mutiny among
+the Flemings.
+
+On the following day, several men were beheaded because they had been
+taken with the English: six were Flemings, and the seventh a Hollander;
+after which, the castle was demolished and razed to the ground.
+
+The army now decamped, and fixed their quarters on the spot where,
+it was said, Jacques d'Artavelle was formerly encamped when king
+Edward won Calais after the decisive battle of Cressy. Duke Philip
+was encamped hard by with his chivalry and men at arms, but nearer to
+Calais. A severe skirmish took place this day with the English, in
+which many were killed and wounded on both sides. La Hire, who had come
+to visit the duke of Burgundy, was wounded by an arrow in the leg. Many
+engines were also pointed, to throw stones and balls into the town of
+Calais, which were returned with such interest from the ramparts, that
+the enemy were glad to retreat to a greater distance.
+
+The duke of Burgundy was encamped on the downs, among the sand hills;
+and as he was one day riding, with few attendants, to reconnoitre the
+towns, a cannon-shot fell so near him that it killed a trumpeter and
+three horses, one of which belonged to the lord de Saveuses.
+
+The English made frequent sallies on horseback and on foot, and many
+severe skirmishes happened between the two parties, the details of
+which would be tedious to relate, or to make mention of those who
+behaved the worst or best: but I have heard from very good authority,
+that the lords de Habourdin, de Crequi, and de Waurin, were much
+applauded for their conduct in these several skirmishes, as well as
+other valiant men of note from Picardy. The English, however, carried
+off the palm of the day. At times, the Picards repulsed them back to
+the barriers, in visible confusion.
+
+With regard to the Flemings, they were not much afraid of these
+English,--and thought, that if there were but three Flemings against
+one Englishman, they should easily gain their point. The duke of
+Burgundy was attended, on this occasion, by his nephew of Cleves, the
+count d'Estampes, the lord d'Antoing, commander of the Flemings, the
+lord de Croy, the lords de Crequi, de Fosseux, de Waurin, de Saveuses,
+de Habourdin, de Humieres, d'Inchy, de Brimeu, de Launoy, de Huchin,
+the brothers de Hastines and de Fremessen, with numbers of other lords
+and gentlemen of his household from Burgundy, Flanders, Brabant,
+Hainault, Artois and other parts of his dominions; but the duke had not
+assembled half of his forces from Picardy, in regard to men at arms.
+He had even sent back great part of those who were mustered, to the
+surprise of many who wished him well; for they thought that it would
+have been more to his advantage to have retained them than double the
+number of common men.
+
+Sir John de Croy, who commanded in the Boulonnois, was ordered to
+quarter himself and men nearer to Calais, on the other side, toward the
+bridge of Nieullay, when much conversation took place between them and
+those in the town. The duke, shortly after, countermanded him, and sent
+him before Guines, where he quartered his detachment near to the walls
+and gates, and pointed many large engines against them, which damaged
+them much.
+
+Sir John de Croy was accompanied by sir Galois de Rancy, Robert de
+Saveuses, and other men of note, who attacked the enemy so vigorously
+that, for fear of being taken by storm, they abandoned the town
+and withdrew into the castle, whither they were pursued,--and the
+attack was renewed with more courage than ever. Before they came to
+Guines, the fortress of Vauclingen had surrendered to sir John, on
+condition that the English should retire in safety, with part of their
+baggage. On similar terms was Sangate-castle yielded up to Robert de
+Saveuses, who had marched thither during the siege of Guines,--and he
+re-garrisoned it with his men.
+
+During all this time, the duke of Burgundy was encamped before the
+strong town of Calais, wondering what was become of his fleet,
+which ought to have arrived some time. The Flemings were also much
+discontented, and began loudly to complain of the duke's council,
+and against the admirals of the fleet, namely, sir John de Hornes,
+seneschal of Brabant, and the commander de la Morée; but the duke
+appeased them with gentle words, saying that they would soon arrive, as
+he had lately had letters from them,--and that hitherto the wind had
+been against them, which had prevented their sailing sooner.
+
+There came daily vessels from England to Calais, in sight of their
+enemies, some days more, others less, laden with fresh provisions,
+reinforcements of men, and warlike stores; and the opposite parties
+were not so near each other but that the English turned out every day
+their cattle to graze, which vexed their adversaries very much, and was
+the cause of frequent skirmishes, in hopes of seizing some of them.
+
+The lords and men of Ghent, perceiving that the Picards were in the
+habit of carrying off these cattle, thought within themselves that they
+were strong, well made and armed, and might as well have their share
+also. On a certain day, therefore, about two hundred assembled, and
+went as secretly as they could toward the marshes before Calais, to
+forage; but they were seen and known from their dress by the English,
+who were not well pleased at the attempt to carry off that whereon they
+lived, and instantly attacked them with such courage that twenty-two
+were killed on the spot and thirty taken prisoners. The remainder fled
+in haste to their quarters, saying they had suffered a great loss, and
+caused much confusion, for they thought they had narrowly escaped.
+There were frequent alarms in the quarter of the Flemings, for at the
+smallest noise they were on the alert and under arms, to the great
+vexation of their lord the duke of Burgundy,--but he could not prevent
+it, for they would have all things according to their good pleasure.
+
+At this time, a herald, called Cambridge, came from England to the
+duke, and, having saluted him very respectfully, said, 'that his lord
+and master, Humphry, duke of Glocester, made known to him, by his
+mouth, that, with God's pleasure, he would very shortly combat him and
+his whole army, if he would wait his arrival,--and, should he decamp
+thence, that he would seek him in his own territories,--but he could
+not fix on any day for coming, as that would depend on the winds, which
+are unsteady, and he could not cross the sea at his pleasure.'
+
+The duke replied, 'that there would be no necessity for the duke of
+Glocester to seek him in any other place but where he was, and that,
+unless some misfortune should happen, he would there find him.' After
+these words, the herald was magnificently feasted,--and rich gifts were
+made him, with which he returned to Calais.
+
+On the morrow, the duke of Burgundy went to the head-quarters of
+the Flemings, where, having assembled their captains and the nobles
+of Flanders, he caused them to be harangued by master Gilles de la
+Voustine, his counsellor in the courts of Ghent, on the challenge he
+had received from the duke of Glocester, by his herald, and the reply
+he had made,--on which account, he requested them, as his dear friends,
+to remain with him and assist him in the defence of his honour. Those
+present immediately promised to comply with his demand in the most
+liberal manner,--as did those from Bruges and the other towns of
+Flanders.
+
+It was also determined at this meeting to erect a high block-house on
+an eminence near Calais, to enable them to view from it the proceedings
+of those in the town. It was instantly begun with oak and other
+wood,--and some cannon were placed thereon, to fire into Calais, and a
+strong guard ordered for its defence. The English were not well pleased
+at this, for they were afraid lest their sallies should be cut off: to
+obviate which, they made an immediate attack on it with a large body
+of men; but it was well defended by the Flemings, under the conduct of
+some able warriors (le bon de Saveuses was one) who had gone thither;
+and as numerous reinforcements to the Flemings were continually
+pouring in, the English retreated to Calais without effecting any
+thing, and leaving some dead behind them.
+
+On the morrow and following days, there was much skirmishing at the
+palisades of the town. In one of them, a half-witted knight, the lord
+de Plateaux, was made prisoner: notwithstanding his folly, he was a
+determined and brave man at arms. On Thursday, the 25th of July, the
+fleet, which had been so anxiously expected, was discovered at sea. The
+duke of Burgundy mounted his horse, and, attended by many lords and
+others, rode to the sea-shore. When a barge having advanced as near
+as the surf would permit, a man jumped out, and, coming to the duke,
+informed him that the fleet in sight was his own. This spread universal
+joy throughout the army, and several ran to the downs to see it,--but
+their captains made as many return to the camp as they could.
+
+The following evening-tide commissioners, appointed for this purpose,
+quitted the fleet, and sunk four vessels in the mouth of the harbour
+of Calais, that were filled with immense stones, well worked together
+and cramped with lead, in order to choak up the entrance, and prevent
+any supplies from entering the harbour from England. The fleet kept up,
+in the mean time, a constant fire against the vessels in harbour, and
+sunk one. The next day two other vessels, filled with stones like the
+others, were also sunk at the mouth of the port. But, to say the truth,
+all these sunken vessels were so improperly placed that when the tide
+was out many remained on the sand, scarcely covered with water.
+
+The English hastened from the town at ebb tide, as well women as
+men, and with strong efforts, pulled them to pieces, and what wood
+they could not convey into the town they burnt and destroyed,
+notwithstanding a continual fire from the fleet, to the great
+astonishment of the duke and his admirals.
+
+Sir John de Hornes, seneschal of Brabant, the commander de la Morée,
+and other lords from Holland, set sail with the fleet on the morrow,
+and were soon out of sight, on their return to whence they had come;
+for indeed they could not with safety remain long before Calais, on
+account of danger from sea, which sailors say is more imminent between
+Calais and England than elsewhere. They had also received information
+that a fleet was on the point of sailing from England, against which
+they would be unable to make head.
+
+The Flemings were much discontented at their sailing away, and murmured
+among themselves, saying they were betrayed by the ministers of their
+prince,--for they had been promised, on leaving Flanders, that Calais
+should at the same time be besieged by sea and land,--so that their
+leaders had difficulty enough to pacify them.
+
+In the mean time, the duke of Burgundy had sent to summon men at arms
+from all parts of his dominions, and was impatiently expecting their
+arrival to assist him in opposing the troops that were coming from
+England. He ordered the ground to be examined by such as were well
+acquainted with those parts, for a spot whereon he might best offer
+battle to his enemies on their arrival; and to be better prepared for
+every event, he summoned a grand council of his advisers, together with
+the principal leaders of the commonalty, on the 27th of July, and laid
+before them the whole of his intended operations, with which they were
+perfectly satisfied.
+
+But these were wholly deranged, a few days afterward, by the commonalty
+from Ghent; for on the day the council was held, the English made a
+grand sally from Calais, both horse and foot, and advanced unexpectedly
+to the block-house before mentioned: the cavalry were posted between
+the camp and the block-house, so that no immediate aid could be
+sent thither. There were from three to four hundred Flemings in the
+block-house,--and the cries of 'To arms!' were re-echoed through the
+army, which caused great confusion and alarm. Multitudes rushed from
+all sides to relieve the block-house, and even the duke of Burgundy
+himself went thither on foot. But the English made a most vigorous
+attack, and the defence was but indifferent, so that the block-house
+was won before assistance could arrive.--About eight score Flemings
+were killed, and the greater part of the rest made prisoners,--and
+full half of them were put to death before the gates of Calais,
+because the Flemings had slain an English knight whom the Picards
+had taken prisoner while on horseback at this rencounter. The capture
+of the block-house and its consequences were grievous to the duke of
+Burgundy,--and the Flemings retreated to their camp disconsolate and
+vexed at the death and capture of their friends and companions.
+
+This same day, they collected together in different parts, and said
+among themselves that they were betrayed, for that not one of the
+promises which had been made them were kept; that they daily had some
+of their number killed, without their nobles attending to it, or
+endeavouring to prevent it. In short, they worked upon themselves so
+much by this kind of conversation that they determined, in spite of
+every remonstrance, to decamp and return home; and some of them wanted
+even to put to death several of the duke's ministers.
+
+The duke, on hearing of their intentions, was much troubled, and vexed
+at the disgrace that would fall on him should he now decamp, after the
+challenge sent him by the duke of Glocester by his herald and the
+answer he had returned. He went, therefore, to the head-quarters of the
+ghent division, and there assembled a large body of the malcontents,
+whom he entreated in the most pressing manner to remain with him until
+the arrival of the English, which it was now ascertained could not be
+long; adding, that should they depart without waiting for the enemy and
+offer him battle, they would cover themselves and him with indelible
+disgrace, and such as no prince ever had incurred. With such language
+did the duke and his council harangue the ghent men, but it was all in
+vain, for they were most obstinately bent on departing, and listened
+with a deaf ear to all that was said; notwithstanding, some of their
+captains answered courteously for them, making excuses for their
+conduct,--but for which the lower ranks little thanked them.
+
+The duke, perceiving the difficulty in which these commoners had
+involved him, and the blame which would be cast on him for their
+departure, it need not be asked whether he was grieved at heart, for
+hitherto all his undertakings had succeeded to his wish, and this,
+which was of the greatest consequence, he failed in. He was, however,
+obliged to endure the rudeness and folly of the Flemings,--for he could
+not alter their dispositions, although he made repeated attempts to
+detain them for a few days only.
+
+When he perceived that it was labour in vain to make further
+requests, he agreed with the lords of his council to decamp with the
+Flemings,--and informed them, that since they would not remain longer,
+he wished them to wait until the morrow, when they should pack up their
+baggage, and march away in good order, with their arms, that they might
+not be harrassed by the enemy, and that he would escort them as far
+as the river of Gravelines. They returned for answer, that they would
+comply with this order; but the greater number said, that they were in
+sufficient force not to need any escort.
+
+Several of the ringleaders of this mutiny were anxious to go to
+the duke's quarters, to put to death the lord de Croy, sir Baudo
+de Noyelle, Jean de Brimeu bailiff of Amiens, and others of the
+ministers, saying, that it was by their advice that this enterprise
+had been undertaken, which was not possible, as they affirmed, to
+be achieved, considering the manner in which the business had been
+carried on. These three lords, hearing of the mutiny of the Flemings
+and the plots against their lives, left the army privately, with few
+attendants, and hastened to the quarters of sir John de Croy before
+Guines.
+
+The Flemings began on the Saturday and Sunday to strike their tents,
+and to load their baggage for the march. The ghent men were the
+principals in the mutiny,--and after their example, the whole of the
+army and its followers packed up their baggage; but from the suddenness
+of the departure, a very great quantity of provision and wine were left
+behind,--and it was necessary to stave many pipes of wine, and of other
+liquors, to the great loss of the merchants.
+
+Several large engines of war and other stores belonging to the duke
+of Burgundy were lost, because there were not enough of carts or
+waggons to carry them away; and for the like cause, a number of things
+belonging to the Flemings remained behind.
+
+They broke up their camp with loud shoutings, bawling together, 'We
+are betrayed! _Gaubbe, Gaubbe!_' which words signified nearly, 'Let
+us return to our own country.' Having set fire to their huts, they
+began their march toward Gravelines in a most disorderly manner. The
+duke, overwhelmed with sorrow, put himself and his men at arms in
+battle-array to cover the retreat of the Flemings, and kept on their
+rear until they were at a sufficient distance, to prevent them from
+being attacked by the English in Calais sallying out against them. He
+formed his men at arms into a rear-guard, and thus followed the army,
+which was already advanced as far as the castle of Marque.
+
+The Flemings then marched, in a mere orderly manner, to quarter
+themselves near to Gravelines, on the same spot they had occupied
+before. The men of Bruges were, however, very much displeased at this
+shameful retreat, and from not having horses to carry away their large
+cannon and other engines of war which they had brought with them: they
+put them on carts, and had them drawn by men to their former encampment
+near to Gravelines.
+
+This day the duke sent orders to sir John de Croy to break up his siege
+of the castle of Guines, and join him with his men at arms without
+delay. Sir John, on receiving this order and hearing of what had passed
+in the main army, made instant preparations to obey it, and marched off
+in good array, but was forced to leave behind many large engines, and a
+quantity of other things, from want of means to convey them off.
+
+The garrison of Guines were very much rejoiced at their departure, for
+they were hardly pressed, and would have been obliged to surrender in a
+few days had the Burgundians remained. They made a sally when the enemy
+was marching away, shouting after them.
+
+The garrison of Calais were likewise well pleased at their departure,
+and issued out of the town to collect what had been left behind, and
+made a considerable booty. They also sent messengers to England with
+information of this event.
+
+The duke of Burgundy was lodged in Gravelines, very much mortified
+at what had happened, and complained bitterly of the disgrace the
+Flemings had put on him to those of his lords who had accompanied him.
+They consoled him as well as they could, and advised him to bear it
+patiently, as it was the chance of fortune in this world. At the same
+time, they recommended him to reinforce all his towns on the frontier
+with steady men at arms, stores and provisions, as soon as possible,
+to resist his enemies, who were daily expected from England, and who
+would, as he might suppose, make every attempt to injure him, in return
+for what he had done to them; and that he himself should retire to one
+of the towns in the interior.
+
+The duke of Burgundy issued summonses for all bearing arms to be ready
+prepared to defend such parts of his dominions as should need it. He
+then entreated some of the nobles present that they would remain in the
+town of Gravelines, which, unless well guarded, would, if taken, be
+very prejudicial to the whole country, promising them, on his honour,
+that should they want assistance, or be besieged, he himself would
+come to their succour, cost what it would. The lord de Crequi, the lord
+de Saveuses, sir Simon de Lalain, his brother sir Sausse, Philibert de
+Vaury, and other valiant men at arms, complied with his request, and
+remained in Gravelines.
+
+On the other hand, sir Louis de Thieubronne with his brother Guichart
+were sent to Ardres, and others into the Boulonnois where the towns and
+castles were garrisoned according to their strength and importance.
+Some lords of the council were present at this meeting who had
+advised the expedition to Calais, but greatly hurt at its unfortunate
+termination, which they could not help: they were, nevertheless, forced
+to hear many severe observations made thereon.
+
+When the council broke up, and the above dispositions for the defence
+of the country had been arranged, the duke again solicited the Flemings
+to wait a few days longer for the arrival of the enemy,--but they
+refused to remain from the fear they now had of the English; and some
+of their captains waited on the duke the last day of July, to demand
+leave to return to their own country. The duke, seeing that he could
+no way detain them, gave permission for their departure; for he was
+satisfied they would never act well against the enemy from want of
+courage.
+
+They marched from Gravelines, by short days marches, to their different
+towns; but those from Ghent refused to enter their town unless each
+man had a robe given him at the expense of the magistrates. This was
+an ancient usage on the return of the townsmen from war; but now the
+magistrates refused compliance, because it seemed to them that they
+had behaved very ill. On receiving this answer, they did enter the
+town, but much discontented and with murmuring. On marching from before
+Calais, they had set fire to and destroyed the forts of Balinghen[41]
+and of Sangate.
+
+The duke of Burgundy, on leaving Gravelines, went to Lille, and thence
+issued a proclamation for every person who had been accustomed to bear
+arms to hold himself ready to march whithersoever he might please
+to order, to oppose his adversaries the English, who were about to
+disembark at Calais. In truth, the duke of Glocester arrived with his
+army before Calais just after the burgundian army had decamped.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 38: Mene. Q. Mechlin, or Menin?]
+
+[Footnote 39: Drinchaut,--a village near Dunkirk.]
+
+[Footnote 40: Oye,--a small town and territory between Gravelines and
+Calais.]
+
+[Footnote 41: Balinghen--is called before Vauclingen.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. CVII.
+
+ SIR FLORIMONT DE BRIMEU, SENESCHAL OF PONTHIEU, CONQUERS THE TOWN OF
+ CROTOY.
+
+
+While the duke of Burgundy was employed on the expedition against
+Calais, sir Florimont de Brimeu, seneschal of Ponthieu, Richard de
+Richaumes, governor of the town of Rue, Robert du Quesnoy, governor
+of St Valery, and others in the neighbourhood of Crotoy, collected
+together about four hundred combatants, and marched them by night to an
+ambuscade on the shore near the town and castle of Crotoy.
+
+Robert du Quesnoy ordered about thirty of his men to embark very early
+in a boat and row towards the town, to induce the English to pursue
+them. This they executed,--and when they thought that they were within
+sight of the enemy, they made pretence as if their boat were aground,
+and that they could neither advance nor retire, notwithstanding the
+efforts ten or twelve of the crew pretended to make to get her afloat.
+
+The English, observing this from the ramparts, thought to take
+advantage of their situation, and made a sally, in hopes of taking them
+prisoners; but they were immediately surrounded by those in ambush, who
+attacked them with vigour, killing on the spot more than sixty-four,
+and making prisoners from thirty to forty. The party of the seneschal
+lost several. Thus was the garrison of Crotoy much weakened,--and when
+the seneschal learnt from his prisoners that but few men at arms were
+in the town, he collected a reinforcement of men from the adjoining
+parts, and within a few days made an attack on Crotoy, which he took by
+storm with little loss of men.
+
+The townsmen retreated to the castle,--before which the seneschal
+fixed his quarters, and pointed his engines against it, but without
+doing any damage, for it was wonderous strong. When the seneschal had
+remained before it some length of time, finding his attempts to conquer
+it vain, he dislodged, after he had destroyed the fortifications of
+the town, and marched back his men to the places they had come from,
+carrying with them all the plunder they had gained in Crotoy.
+
+The English had afterward at Crotoy two boats, called 'Gabarres,'[42]
+with which they much harrassed the town of Abbeville, and especially
+the fishermen. In consequence, the inhabitants of Abbeville sent by
+night a party toward Crotoy in a boat, whence some of the crew by
+swimming fastened grappling irons to each of these gabarres,--the
+cords of which being fixed to the Abbeville boat, they towed them to
+Abbeville, to the vexation of the English.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 42: Gabarre--is a flat-bottomed boat, used in Holland and on
+canals.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. CVIII.
+
+ HUMPHRY DUKE OF GLOCESTER ARRIVES AT CALAIS WITH A LARGE ARMAMENT.--HE
+ ENTERS FLANDERS, ARTOIS, AND OTHER TERRITORIES OF THE DUKE OF
+ BURGUNDY, AND DOES MUCH DAMAGE TO THEM.
+
+
+A few days after the decampment of the duke of Burgundy and the
+Flemings, the duke of Glocester arrived at Calais with about ten
+thousand fighting men to combat the duke of Burgundy, had he waited for
+him. Since that it was otherwise, he followed the duke to Gravelines,
+and thence marched into Flanders, and through several towns and large
+villages, namely, Poperingues, Bailleul and others, whose suburbs he
+burnt and destroyed, for no one opposed him,--but the people fled on
+all sides, and none of the Flemings dared wait his coming. He drove,
+therefore, away great numbers of cattle, with little or no loss of
+men,--but they suffered much from want of bread.
+
+He passed le Neuf-châtel, and burnt Rimesture and Valon-Chapelle.
+Having entered Artois, he advanced to Arques[43] and Blandêques,[44]
+where some skirmishing passed,--and he set fire to every town and
+village that lay in his way. Marching through the jurisdiction of
+St Omer, he committed great waste on all sides; and when near to
+Tournehem, Esprelecques and Bredenarde,[45] some skirmishes took place
+between him and the different governors: Cavart and other companions of
+de Langle were wounded. Many captains were expelled by force from their
+castles; and there were more killed and wounded near to Ardres than had
+been in all Flanders.
+
+The duke of Glocester now retreated toward Guines and Calais, on
+account of sickness in the army, occasioned from want of bread, of
+which they had not a sufficiency; and many good women saved their
+houses by giving bread, and even got in return cattle, of which the
+army had plenty, and which they were driving from Flanders. They were
+rather embarrassed with them; for, not finding water to give them,
+they wandered abroad and were lost,--and those who went in search of
+them were very frequently surprised by the enemy when at a distance
+from their vanguard.
+
+While these things were passing in Artois and Flanders, sir Thomas
+Kiriel and lord Faulconbridge assembled at Neuf-châtel d'Incourt about
+a thousand combatants, whom they led across the Somme at Blanchetaque,
+and quartered at Forest-montier; thence they advanced to Broye, on the
+river Authie, where they remained four days, and took the castle by
+storm, which, however, was not very strong, nor of much value,--but it
+belonged to the vidame of Amiens. Part of the garrison were slain, and
+from five to six of the English. This capture created great alarm in
+the country round; for they feared the enemy would keep possession, as
+at the time there were but few men at arms in those parts.
+
+The English having found in this and in other towns much wealth, and
+made many prisoners, they returned, by way of Blanchetaque, the same
+road they had come, to their different garrisons, without any loss
+worth mentioning; but they committed very great waste on the lands of
+their enemies.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 43: Arques,--diocese of St Omer.]
+
+[Footnote 44: Blandêques,--diocese of St Omer.]
+
+[Footnote 45: Bredenarde,--diocese of St Omer.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. CIX.
+
+ THE FLEMINGS AGAIN TAKE UP ARMS, AFTER THEIR RETREAT FROM CALAIS TO
+ THEIR TOWNS.
+
+
+Not long after the Flemings were returned home, news was brought them
+that a large fleet of English ships was off the Flemish coast, near to
+Biervlict, with intent, as was supposed, of invading the country. The
+principal towns remanded the men who had been disbanded, and instantly
+marched with a powerful army and artillery toward Biervlict, and
+encamped near the sea to wait for the English, who were off the coast.
+
+This fleet, however, was not stationed there for the purpose of
+covering an invasion, but merely to alarm the Flemings, and prevent
+them from opposing the duke of Glocester, who was with his army in the
+neighbourhood of Poperingues and Bailleul. It had on board no men at
+arms, but only mariners to manage and defend it, which made them no way
+anxious to enter any of the enemy's ports; and, after hovering along
+the coast for a few days, it made sail for Calais.
+
+When the fleet was gone, each company of Flemings marched back to its
+town, excepting those from Ghent, who being discontented at the blame
+thrown on them, for being the principal cause of the retreat from
+Calais, would not lay down their arms, and wanted to introduce many
+reforms, and were in so mutinous a state that it was necessary for
+their prince to go thither.
+
+On the duke of Burgundy's arrival in Ghent, he ordered their
+remonstrances to be laid before him. Some contained demands why Calais
+had not been besieged by sea as well as by land, according to a promise
+made,--and why the English fleet had not been burnt as had been
+determined on.
+
+To these demands the duke ordered answers to be given, that it was
+impossible, as every seaman knew, to besiege Calais on the sea-side, by
+reason of the danger of the vessels being driven on shore and captured
+by the enemy. Add to this, that the Hollanders had not kept their
+promise of assisting him in this business with their shipping. With
+respect to burning the English fleet, the men and vessels ordered on
+this service at Sluys had been constantly wind-bound in that harbour,
+during the whole time.
+
+In regard to their other demands, namely, to order three governors of
+Ghent to make a procession through the country, with a sufficient force
+to regarrison all their towns with native Flemings, and to put an end
+to the quarrels between Bruges and Sluys, and several other points
+insisted on by them, the duke made such satisfactory answers that they
+were contented with them; and each laid down his arms, and retired
+to his home, although they had shown great signs of violence at the
+beginning. They caused the duke's archers to lay aside their staves,
+saying that they were strong enough to guard him.
+
+Sir Roland de Hautekirque, sir Collart de Comines, sir Gilles de la
+Voustine, Enguerrand Auviel and John Daudain, were afterward banished
+Ghent, because they had declined to appear with the other citizens to
+remonstrate; and the Ghent men wrote to their castlewicks, that whoever
+would arrest any one of the above persons, and deliver him into their
+hands, should receive three hundred livres tournois as a reward,
+besides all reasonable expenses.
+
+Many ordinances were published for the more effectual guard and defence
+of the country; and several governors were appointed, under the chief
+command of the lord d'Estrenhuse, such as the lord de Comines at Ghent,
+sir Gerard de Tournay at Oudenarde, and sir Gerard de Guystelles at
+Courtray. Other nobles and men at arms were posted in different towns,
+according to their rank, as well on the frontier toward Calais as
+elsewhere, and on board of their fleet.
+
+It was also proclaimed, that no person should, on account of the war,
+quit the country, under a heavy penalty,--and that everyone should
+provide himself with arms suitable to his rank; that all the principal
+towns and forts should be repaired, and well supplied with provision
+and warlike stores; and likewise that the ditches and ramparts should
+be examined, and where weak strengthened and rebuilt at the charge
+of the country, or of those who were bounden to keep them in proper
+repair. It was at last necessary, in order to keep the commonalty in
+good humour, that the duke should say publicly to them, that he was
+perfectly satisfied with their departure from before Calais, and that
+they had returned by his permission and by his orders. They were most
+anxious to have this disgrace wiped away from them, because they knew
+full well that all cried shame on them for it.
+
+When all things had been restored to order, the duke of Burgundy
+returned to Lille, whither came to him the lord de Chargny, with other
+noble and valiant men, bringing with them from near Boulogne about
+four hundred combatants, who were dispersed in the garrisons on that
+frontier. Shortly after, the lords d'Ansy and de Warembon came thither,
+with three or four hundred men, who did much mischief to the countries
+of Artois and Cambresis, near to Tournay. The lord de Warembon led them
+afterwards to garrison Pontoise, where they remained for a considerable
+time.
+
+Throughout all France, the poor people and the church were sorely
+oppressed by this war, for they had no defenders; and notwithstanding
+the peace concluded at Arras, the French and Burgundians in the
+countries of Beauvoisis, Vermandois, Santois, Laonnois, Champagne,
+and in the Rethelois, made frequent wars on each other on the
+most unreasonable pretences, by which the country was wasted and
+destroyed,--and the inhabitants suffered more than before this peace
+was made.
+
+The poor labourers had no other resource than pitifully to cry out to
+God, their Creator, for vengeance on their oppressors. But the worst
+was, when they had obtained letters of favour from any of the captains,
+they were frequently not attended to by others, even though of the same
+party.
+
+About this time, sir John de Hornes, seneschal of Brabant, who had had,
+with the lord de la Morée, the command of the duke of Burgundy's fleet
+before Calais, was met near the sea-coast, by a party of Flemings,
+where he was attending his private affairs, and accompanied by a few
+servants, who put him to death, to the great sorrow of the duke of
+Burgundy.
+
+When the duke had appeased the disaffected Flemings, as has been told,
+and when he thought all was harmony among them, the men of Bruges
+suddenly rose in arms, and marched with a large body to besiege Sluys,
+near to which place they remained a long time. They began by murdering
+one of the officers of their prince, called Vaustre d'Estembourg,
+because he would not join the commonalty in arms before Sluys, where
+they remained upwards of six weeks. Their leaders were Peter de
+Bourgrane and Christopher Myneer; and one among them, named George
+Vauderberques, made the duchess of Burgundy and her son quit their
+carriage, in order that they might search it,--when they arrested the
+lady of sir John de Hornes, which much troubled the duchess, although
+the lady did not suffer any thing further. Sir William and sir Simon
+de Lalain were with these ladies,--but by some negotiation between
+them and the duke, they returned to their homes, and were pardoned for
+this and other offences, because he thought that he should want their
+services hereafter.
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. CX.
+
+ LA HIRE CONQUERS THE TOWN AND CASTLE OF SOISSONS.--OTHER MATTERS.
+
+
+La Hire about this period won the town and castle of Soissons by storm,
+from the governor, Guy de Roye, on the part of sir John de Luxembourg,
+who, not having taken the oaths to king Charles as the other burgundian
+captains had done, conformable to the peace at Arras, was considered by
+the French as an enemy. The king, however, had granted him a delay for
+a certain time, to consider of it, and had during that period forbidden
+his captains to make war on sir John, provided he and his party should
+abstain from war also.
+
+When news of this event reached sir John de Luxembourg, he was much
+angered,--for the greater part of Soissons and its dependances
+appertained by legal descent to his daughter-in-law, Jane de Bar,
+countess of St Pol. He reinforced all his other castles with men and
+stores, to prevent any similar accident from befalling them. On the
+other hand, Guy de Roye, who held the castle of Maicampre, between
+Chargny and Noyon, placed a strong garrison within it, and carried on a
+severe warfare against La Hire, in the Soissonnois, Laonnois, and other
+parts attached to king Charles.
+
+Similar reprisals were made by La Hire and the king's friends on those
+of sir John de Luxembourg,--and thus was the country oppressed and
+ruined, as well by one party as by the other.
+
+After the duke of York had gained the town of Fécamp, by the surrender
+of John d'Estouteville, it was reconquered by the French from the
+English,--and nearly at the same time the duke of York gained, after
+a long siege, St Germain sur Cailly[46], when about twelve of the
+French were hanged. In like manner were the towns of Fontaines sur
+Préaux[47], Bourg,[48] Blainville,[49] Préaux,[50] Lillebonne,[51]
+Tancarville,[52] and other strong places reconquered, and the greater
+part destroyed by the English. After this, they continued to waste all
+the corn countries round Harfleur, with the intent of laying siege to
+it as speedily and as completely as they could.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 46: St Germain-sur-Cailly,--in Normandy, diocese of Rouen.]
+
+[Footnote 47: Fontaines-sur-Préaux,--diocese of Rouen.]
+
+[Footnote 48: Bourg Baudorion,--diocese of Rouen.]
+
+[Footnote 49: Blainville,--diocese of Rouen.]
+
+[Footnote 50: Préaux,--diocese of Rouen.]
+
+[Footnote 51: Lillebonne,--diocese of Rouen.]
+
+[Footnote 52: Tancarville,--near Lillebonne.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAP. CXI.
+
+ THE DUCHESS OF BEDFORD, SISTER TO THE COUNT DE ST POL, RE-MARRIES OF
+ HER OWN FREE WILL.--THE KING OF SICILY NEGOTIATES WITH THE DUKE OF
+ BURGUNDY FOR HIS LIBERTY.--THE ENGLISH RECOVER THE TOWN OF PONTOISE.
+
+
+In this year, the duchess of Bedford, sister to the count de Saint
+Pol, married, from inclination, an English knight called sir Richard
+Woodville, a young man, very handsome and well made, but, in regard to
+birth, inferior to her first husband, the regent, and to herself. Louis
+de Luxembourg, archbishop of Rouen, and her other relations, were very
+angry at this match, but they could not prevent it.[53]
+
+About the end of the following November, Jacquilina of Bavaria, who
+had married Franche de Borselline, died, after a long and lingering
+illness. She was succeeded by the duke of Burgundy in all her
+possessions.
+
+The king of Sicily, duke of Anjou, the duke of Bourbon, the constable
+of France, the chancellor, and many other noble princes and great
+lords, visited the duke of Burgundy, about St Andrew's day, at Lille,
+where he held his court. He received them most honourably. During their
+stay, a treaty was proposed for the liberty of the king of Sicily, for
+he was still a prisoner to the duke of Burgundy, as has been before
+mentioned,--and some of his children were hostages for him in Burgundy.
+
+This treaty was concluded, on condition that the king of Sicily would
+engage to pay a certain sum of money for his ransom, for the security
+of which he was to pledge four of his towns and castles in his duchies
+of Lorraine and Bar, namely, Neuf-châtel in Lorraine, Clermont in
+Argonne, Princhy[54] and Louye,[55] which were to be given up to the
+duke when demanded. The duke of Burgundy, shortly after, placed his own
+garrisons and captains in these towns and castles.
+
+Thus did the king of Sicily recover his liberty and his children; but
+he had only the two eldest sent to him at first, with a promise that
+the two others should follow, provided there was not any default of
+payment. In order that no delays might arise, sir Colard de Saussy and
+John de Chambly bound themselves, with the king of Sicily, for the due
+performance of all the articles of the treaty.
+
+When this business was over, the constable of France treated with sir
+John de Luxembourg, who was then at Lille, that all matters in dispute
+between him and La Hire, on the subject of the capture of Soissons,
+should be referred to arbitrators, and that an end should be put to
+the warfare now raging between them. The term for taking the oaths of
+allegiance to the king of France, or for declaring for one or other of
+the parties, was prolonged for sir John de Luxembourg until St John
+Baptist's day ensuing, on his promising to abstain from all hostilities
+during that time.
+
+During these feasts, William de Flavy, who had been driven out of
+Compiégne by the constable of France, found means to re-enter it,
+with a large body of men at arms, and kept possession a long time; in
+which at length he was confirmed by king Charles, in spite of all the
+attempts of the constable to reconquer it.
+
+At this period also, the English regained by storm the town of
+Pontoise. The attack commenced at day-break, when great part of the
+garrison, consisting of about four hundred combatants of the lord de
+l'Isle-Adam and de Warembon's men, saved themselves by flight, leaving
+their baggage and effects behind them: which conquest was very hurtful
+to the country of the Isle de France and the adjoining parts, for the
+English placed a very strong garrison in Pontoise, whence detachments
+made excursions, and frequently to the very gates of Paris.
+
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote 53: Sir Richard Woodville paid a fine of £1000 to the
+king for marrying the duchess of Bedford without a licence. He
+was afterwards created earl of Rivers, and was father to the lady
+Elizabeth, queen to king Edward IV.--_Parl. Hist._]
+
+[Footnote 54: Princhy,--Princy, in the Gatinois, near Montargis.]
+
+[Footnote 55: Louye,--in Maine, diocese of Mans.]
+
+
+END OF VOL. VII.
+
+
+ H. Bryer, Printer, Bridge-street,
+ Blackfriars, London.
+
+
+NOTES AND EMENDATIONS.
+
+
+Page 1. line 3. _Simon de Lalain._] Either Simon de Lalain lord of
+Montigny, younger brother of the lord de Lalain, or another Simon de
+Lalain, lord of Chevrain, son of a great uncle of the former, who
+married a lady of the house of Luxembourg, daughter to the count de
+Ligny.
+
+Page 1. line 4. _Enguerrand de Crequi._] Enguerrand de Crequi, called
+_le Begue_, second son of John II, lord of Crequi, and uncle of John
+IV, who was killed at Agincourt.
+
+Page 3. line 15. _Rambures._] Andrew II, master of woods and waters in
+Picardy, son of David who was killed at Agincourt and was master of the
+cross bows of France.
+
+Page 3. line 20. _Ferry de Mailly._] Ferry de Mailly, 4th son of John
+Maillet de Mailly, lord of Talmas, &c. who on the death of all his
+brothers without issue, succeeded to their lordships and also to the
+lordship of Conti, which came into the family by the marriage of
+Colart, third son of John Maillet, to the heiress Isabel. The lords of
+Talmas were a younger branch of the house of Mailly.
+
+Page 4. line 5. _Bousac._] Jean de Brosse, descended from the ancient
+viscounts de Brosse in the Angoumois, was lord of St Severe and
+Boussac, and a marshal of France. He signalized himself in many
+actions, particularly at the siege of Orleans, and at the battles of
+Patai and la Charité, and died in 1433. His son, of the same name, who
+succeeded him, was equally celebrated in the history of the day. He
+married Nicole de Blois only daughter and heir of Charles, last count
+of Penthievre, and transmitted her large possessions to his descendants.
+
+Page 8. line 7. _Lord de Chargny._] Peter de Bauffremont, lord of
+Chargny, a noble Burgundian, knight banneret, and of the golden fleece.
+See post, p. 222.
+
+Page 8. line 8. _Lord de Humieres._] Matthew II, second son of Philip
+lord of Humieres, who was made prisoner at the battle of Agincourt.
+
+Page 9. line 19. _Lord de Crevecoeur._] James lord of Crevecoeur, and
+Thois, chancellor and chamberlain to the duke of Burgundy.
+
+Page 12. line 6. _Anthony de Chabannes._] Anthony, third son of Robert
+lord of Charlus killed at Agincourt. Stephen, his eldest son, was
+killed at Crevant in 1423. James the second, was lord of La Palice;
+seneschal of Toulouse, and grand master of France, and was killed at
+Castillon in 1453. This Anthony was at first, lord of S. Fargeau. He
+was born in 1411, and served as page to the count of Ventadour and to
+the great La Hire. He was at the battle of Verneuil 1424. In 1439, he
+married Margaret de Nanteuil, countess of Dammartin, and assumed the
+title of count de Dammartin by virtue of that marriage. He was grand
+master, governor of Paris, &c., and died in 1488.
+
+Page 13. line 20. _Lord de Châtillon._] Perhaps Charles de Chàtillon
+lord of Sourvilliers, son of Charles lord of Sourvilliers killed at
+Agincourt.
+
+Page 13. line 20. _Lord de Bonneul._] Another Charles de Châtillon, of
+a younger branch, was lord of Bonneuil.
+
+Page 29. line last. _Quarrel._] Renè claimed the duchy of Lorraine in
+right of his wife Isabella, only daughter of Charles the late duke;
+and Heuterus, relating the cause of this quarrel, says that Anthony
+count of Vaudemont, brother of the deceased refused to admit Renè's
+pretensions, alledging that the duchy could not descend to the heirs
+female. For some reasons, however, it would appear probable that
+Heuterus is mistaken, and that the dispute related to the affairs of
+the county of Vaudemont only.
+
+Page 36. line 7. _Count de Fribourg._] The county of Freyburg became
+united with that of Neufchàtel by the marriage of Egon XIV, count of
+Furstenburg and Freyburg, with Verena heiress of Neufchàtel. Their
+grandson John count of Freyburg, &c. married a daughter of the prince
+of Orange, but died 1458 without issue.
+
+Page 36. line 7. _Lord de Mirabeau._] Henry de Bauffremont married
+Jane, sister and heir to John last lord of Mirabeau of the family of
+Vergy, about 1388.
+
+Page 75. line 11. _Gilles de l'Aubespine._] Giles baron d'Aubespine
+was of a noble family in Beauce, and ancestor of the marquisses of
+Chateauneuf, Verderonne, and Aubespine, many of whom were distinguished
+characters in the two following centuries.
+
+Page 78. line 19. _Lord d'Orville._] Robert d'Aunoy Seigneur d'Orville,
+master of the woods and waters in the year 1413, who died the year
+following, was son of Philip d'Aunoy, Maitre d'Hotel to king Charles V,
+and present at the battle of Poitiers. John, the son of Robert, is the
+lord here mentioned; he was grand echanson of France, and died in 1489.
+_Le Galois_ was a common surname of the lords d'Orville.
+
+Page 89. line 17. _Magistrates._] The cause of this commotion was the
+baseness of the gold and silver coin struck in the duke's name. The
+sedition lasted twelve, not two days only, and was appeased by the
+promise of a new coinage. _Pontus Heuterus_ in vit: Philippi boni.
+
+Page 92. line 14. _Blanchefort._] Perhaps, Guy III. de Blanchefort,
+lord of St Clement, &c. a chamberlain of the king, and seneschal of
+Lyons, who died in 1460.
+
+Page 93. line 9. _Lord d'Amont._] This must be James lord of Aumont,
+counsellor and chamberlain to the duke of Burgundy, son of John lord of
+Aumont, grand Echanson, who was slain at Agincourt.
+
+Page 98. line 14. _Flanders._] Monstrelet appears to have been but
+imperfectly informed of these transactions. In the year 1428, the
+countess being besieged in Gouda by the Burgundian forces, submitted
+to a peace, by which she acknowledged Philip as her heir to Hainaut,
+Holland, Zealand, and Friezland, appointing him protector of the said
+states during her life-time. It was also stipulated that she should not
+marry without the consent of Philip and her states. Upon the conclusion
+of this treaty, the duke departed, leaving Francis de Borselle, a
+nobleman of high rank attached to the Burgundian party, lieutenant of
+the provinces. _In July 1433_, says, the historian of Holland, the
+countess married this gentleman in violation of her engagement, upon
+which the duke entered the country, caused him to be apprehended, and
+confined him in the tower of Rupelmonde. It was rumoured that he would
+be beheaded; and Jacqueline alarmed for his safety, conveyed absolutely
+the whole of her estates to Philip for his liberation, in consideration
+of which the _generous_ robber assigned to his late prisoner the county
+of Ostervant, the lordships of Brill and south Beveland, with the
+collection of certain tolls and imposts, on which they lived together
+but a short time before death put a period to her eventful history,
+in the month of October 1436. _Barlandi Hollandiæ comitum historia et
+Icones._
+
+Page 98. line 18. _Thomas Conette._] This unfortunate heretic was a
+Breton by birth. Being seized with an inordinate desire of reforming
+the dress of the ladies and the manners of the clergy, he left Rennes
+and travelled into the low countries where he preached with so much
+success that the towers of gauze and ribbons called _hennins_, which
+were then the rage, disappeared wherever he went. Perhaps he was
+spared the mortification of hearing that they were resumed several
+_stages_ higher, immediately after his departure. From Flanders he
+travelled into Italy, reformed the order of Carmelites at Mantua, and
+made himself famous for his zeal and eloquence at Venice. The papal
+ambassadors reported his praises at Rome; but his ardour for reform
+which had captivated many others alarmed pope Eugenius, who justly
+dreaded the consequences of his strenuous assertions, that marriage
+ought to be allowed to the clergy, and that flesh might be eaten by
+them without risk of damnation. It was not long after his arrival at
+the pontifical city, that a process was instituted against him for
+these and other heretical doctrines, and father Thomas was at last
+burnt for not knowing how to confine his eloquence to the harmless
+subject which first called it forth. He suffered with great constancy,
+and was by some, even among the catholics, reputed a martyr. For
+further particulars, consult Bayle, Art. Conecte.
+
+Page 105. line 13. _Daughter_.] Frederick and Iolante. The marriage
+thus agreed upon was concluded; and the duchy of Lorraine and county of
+Vaudemont were afterwards united in their persons.
+
+Page 109. line 3. from the bottom. _Chasteau-vilain._] William lord of
+Chateauvilain held the office of _Chambrier de France_ in 1419 and died
+in 1439.
+
+Page 130. line 1. _John de Hingsbergh._] John son of the lord de
+Hynsberch Lewenborch, archdeacon of Champagne. He was an adherent to
+the duke of Burgundy, was present at some of his campaigns, and is
+celebrated as a prelate of vast magnificence.
+
+Page 130. line 2. _William de Lalain bailiff of Hainault._] Of this
+family, "a family," says Comines, "of great and brave men, who for the
+most part found their deaths in fighting for their native princes"
+was Otho lord de Lalain, who died in 1441 at the advanced age of 108
+years. His eldest son William, who succeeded him in his honours, and
+was bailiff of Hainault and Holland is the person here mentioned. He
+died in 1444. Sansay, the second son of Otho, married the heiress of
+the family of Robesarte: and Simon the third son, has been already
+mentioned at the commencement of the volume, unless that be another
+Simon, the first cousin of Otho. See ante p. 1.
+
+Page 132. line 13. _Sir John Talbot._] This is the great Talbot,
+created earl of Shrewsbury in 1442.
+
+Page 114. line 12. _Lord Willoughby._] Robert, lord Willoughby of
+Eresby, one of the greatest heroes of the English army--present at the
+battles of Agincourt and Verneuil, and at almost all the celebrated
+actions of the day, was in 1432, dignified with the title of earl of
+Vendosme, Beaufort, &c. and died in 1442, leaving only a daughter Joan
+the wife of sir Richard Welles knight. Dugdale.
+
+Page 137. line 15. _Viscount de Thouars._] Louis d'Amboise, viscount of
+Thouars, prince of Talmont, &c. &c., had been deprived of his lands
+for adherence to the English party, but was afterwards restored to
+them, and served the king of France in his conquest of Guienne. He was
+grandson of Ingerger, surnamed the great, who married Isabel, heiress
+of Thouars, and widow of the marshal de Nesle, and was made prisoner at
+the battle of Poitiers.
+
+Page 137. line 2 from the bottom. _Lord de Bueil._] John V, count
+of Sancerre, son of John lord de Bueil, killed at Agincourt, and of
+Margaret countess of Sancerre. He was a celebrated commander, and
+called _le Fleau des Anglais_.
+
+Page 137. line last. _Pregent de Coetivy._] Coetivy, the name of an
+ancient family of lower Brittany. Pregent VII, lord of Coetivy, was
+eldest son of Alan III. killed at the siege of St James de Beauvron
+in 1424, and of Catherine daughter of Hervè lord of Chàtel, killed at
+Jersey. This Pregent married Mary de Laval, daughter of the infamous
+marshal de Retz. He was chamberlain in 1424, governor of La Rochelle,
+and in 1439 promoted to the high office of admiral of France. He was
+killed at Cherbourg in 1450. "Ce fut un gran dommage et perte notable
+pour le Roi, car il etoit tenu des vaillans chevaliers et renommé du
+royaume, fort prudent et encor de bon age." Hist. du Roi Charles VII.
+
+Page 139. line 4. _Count de Penthievre._] Oliver de Bretagne, or de
+Blois, grandson of the famous competitor of John de Montfort, had been
+deprived of his large counties of Penthievre, Limoges, &c. &c. but
+never of the duchy of Brittany, to which he pretended no claim. His
+brother John lord de l'Aigle was restored to Penthievre soon after, and
+died 1454. Charles, the third brother succeeded, whose only daughter
+and heir, Nicole de Blois, marrying Jean de Brosse, the county of
+Penthievre passed into that family.
+
+Page 139. line 3 from the bottom. _William de Coroam._] Should be Coram.
+
+Page 140. line 15. _Sir Pierre de Beausalt._] Peter de Montmorency,
+lord of Plessis Cacheleu, son of John II, lord of Beausalt, and uncle
+of Anthony, who was slain at Verneuil, and of John in whom the direct
+line of this younger branch ended in 1427.
+
+Page 148. line 5 from the bottom. _King of Cyprus._] Lewis, count of
+Geneva, eldest son of Amadeus duke of Savoy, married Charlotte, only
+daughter of John king of Cyprus and Helen of Montferrat.
+
+Page 149. line 10 from the bottom. _Count de Nevers._] Charles, count
+of Nevers, eldest son of Philip count of Nevers killed at Agincourt,
+was born in the year preceding his father's death, and died in 1464.
+His mother was Bona d'Artois, daughter of Philip count of Eu.
+
+Page 151. line 15. _Sect._] Here is a vast confusion of names, as
+usual, in the affairs of distant countries. Tabouret is evidently an
+invention of Monstrelet's derived from Taborite, the general name by
+which the religious insurgents were then distinguished, from Tabor a
+town in Bohemia, founded by their leader John Zisca. Protestus may,
+very probably, be a mistake for Procopius, surnamed "of the shaven
+crown," a celebrated leader and bishop among these Taborites during the
+reign of Sigismund, who was slain in a bloody battle near Prague. Of
+Lupus I can say nothing.
+
+Page 153. line 11. _Lord de la Grange._] John de la Grange, ancestor
+of the lords of Vesvre and Montigni, and of the marquisses of Arquien.
+Marshal de Montigni, celebrated under Henry the third, was fifth in
+descent from him.
+
+Page 156. line 6. _John._] John of Burgundy, a posthumous son of
+Philip, and brother to Charles, count of Nevers. He succeeded to the
+estates of his brother in 1464, assumed the title of duke of Brabant,
+and died in 1491. Elizabeth his daughter married the duke of Cleves,
+and brought the earldom of Nevers into that family. His first wife was
+daughter of the vidame of Amiens mentioned immediately afterwards.
+
+Page 156. line 16. _Vidame of Amiens._] Raoul d'Ailly, sieur de
+Pequigny, and vidame of Amiens.
+
+Page 174. line 8. _Mathagon._] This can be no other than Matthew Gough,
+an English captain of those days, and one of the commanders in the town
+of St Denis when it was won by the French.
+
+Page 176. line 5 from the bottom. _Fled._] John bastard son of the
+great earl of Salisbury, to whom in his will he bequeathed 50 marks.
+See _Dugdale_.
+
+Page 182. line 2 from the bottom. _Sir Christopher de Harcourt._]
+Christopher de Harcourt lord of Avrech, grand master of the woods and
+waters in 1431, was third son of James de Harcourt lord of Montgomery.
+
+Page 202. last line. _Woodville._] Richard de Widvile, was seneschal
+of Normandy under Henry V; constable of the tower in 1425; lieutenant
+of Calais in 1427; and 1429, served the king in his wars with 100 men
+at arms and 300 archers. In 1437, he married the duchess of Bedford
+(Jacqueline de Luxembourg) without license, for which he was condemned
+to pay a fine of 1000_l._ In 1448 he was created lord Rivers; and in 6
+Edward IV. (his daughter being then queen of England) was advanced to
+the dignity of earl Rivers, constable of England. Three years after he
+was beheaded by the Lancastrian insurgents at Northampton. _Dugdale._
+
+Page 202. line last. _Restandif._ Q.] Restandif, is sir Ralph Standish,
+who was killed in this battle. _Stow_ and _Holinshed_.
+
+Mondo Domonfarrant is only an error of the press for Mondo de
+Montferrant, who occurs again vol. 8. p. 28.
+
+Page 223. line 3. _Bishop of Ache._] There came to this convention
+according to Stowe, Nicholas Albergat, a Carthusian friar, entitled a
+priest cardinal of the holy cross, and Hugh de Lusignan, a _Cyprian_ (I
+presume he means Cypriot) Greek, bishop cardinal of Præneste: which, or
+whether either of these, was the person meant by Monstrelet under the
+fanciful name of "bishop of Ache," the reader may determine. Q. Auch.
+
+Page 215. line 7. from the bottom.] Sir John Ratcliffe was constable of
+Fronsac in Aquitaine, under Henry V, and seneschal of Aquitaine in 1 H.
+6. knight of the garter, &c. He died before 1441 and left a son, John,
+who succeeded him, and in 1 H. 7. was summoned to Parliament as lord
+Fitzwalter.
+
+Page 215. line 5 from the bottom. _Lord Hungerford._] Walter lord
+Hungerford of Heytesbury, treasurer of England, and of the executors
+to the will of Henry V. He had summons to parliament from 4 H. 6, to 26
+H. 6 inclusive, and died in 1449, leaving Robert lord Hungerford, his
+son and successor, who during his father's life-time served in the wars
+of France with 29 men at arms and 80 archers, and died in 1459.
+
+Page 216. line 5. _Duke of Gueldres._] Arnold earl of Egmont succeeded
+to Gueldres on the failure of the direct line in 1423. His son Adolph
+(by Margaret daughter of Adolph IV, duke of Cleves) made war upon him,
+in consequence of which he was disinherited, and his father made over
+the duchy to Charles duke of Burgundy.
+
+Page 216. line 6. _Count de Vernambourg._] Vernambourg i.e. Virnemburg,
+or Wirnemburg, the title of a noble house of the duchy of Luxemburg,
+of whom Robert count of Wirnemburg governed the duchy in the name of
+Elizabeth of Burgundy.
+
+Page 218. line 12. _Du Châtel._] Oliver lord du Châtel, chamberlain of
+Bretagne; son of Hervè lord du Châtel, killed at Jersey, and brother to
+the famous Tanneguy.
+
+Page 218. line 14. _Sir Paillard du Fiè_.] Q. Fai? John Genevois
+Bouton, lord of Fai, chamberlain of Burgundy, _bailiff_ of Dole, was
+a commissary sent by the duke on this occasion. It is not impossible
+that an error of the press may have converted his office of _bailli_
+into the disgraceful appellation of _paillard_.
+
+Page 219. line 3 from the bottom. _Cleves._] John, who succeeded his
+father Adolph IV. duke of Cleves in 1445.
+
+Page 237. line 5. Duke of Milan.] The death of Joan queen of
+Naples followed closely upon that of Louis of Anjou, king of Sicily,
+in 1434. The following year, Alphonso passed over from Arragon and
+commenced the siege of Gaeta; and during that siege the battle was
+fought of which this account is given. The personages here mentioned to
+have been taken prisoners, are the king Alphonso, his brothers, John
+king of Navarre, and Don Henry grand master of St James, the prince of
+Tarento, John Anthony de Marzan, duke of Sessa, Christopher Gaetano,
+count of Fondi, &c. The name of Garganeymé, I conjecture to be a
+blunder for Gaetano; but it is a gross mistake to call him son to the
+prince of Tarento.
+
+Page 302. line 15. _Lord de Bloseville._] Qu. Bonvile? Sir William
+Bonvile served under Henry V, and again under Henry VI, in the year
+1443 with 20 men at arms and 600 archers. He was then seneschal of
+Guienne, but may possibly have been in Normandy at this time. In 1450,
+he was summoned to parliament as lord Bonvile of Chuton. He afterwards
+joined the York party, and was beheaded after the second battle of St.
+Alban's.
+
+Page 306. line 3. _Lord de Torsy._] William d'Estouteville, lord of
+Torsy, made prisoner at the siege of Harfleur, in 1429, ransomed
+himself by the alienation of great part of his estates, and died in
+1449. John d'Estouteville, here also mentioned, was his son, and
+succeeding him in his lordship was made provost of Paris and master of
+the cross-bows.
+
+Page 323. line 6. _Duke of Burgundy._] This prince, the second son of
+Charles VII. died in his infancy.
+
+Page 332. line 4. _Commercy._] Robert de Sarbuck, lord of Commercy,
+(son of Amé lord of Commercy and Mary daughter of John lord of
+Chateauvilain) married in 1417 Jane countess of Roucy and Braine; and
+John, their eldest son, here called the heir of Commercy became count
+of Roucy and Braine by the donation of his mother in 1439.
+
+Page 332. line 3 from the bottom. _Everard de la Marche._] Everard
+III, de la Marck, lord of Aremberg, &c. and, by marriage of Sedan, was
+of a younger branch of the family of the counts of la Marck, dukes of
+Cleves, &c.
+
+Page 339. line 13. _Lord d'Aussi._] John IV, son of David, _sire et
+ber_ d'Auxi, killed at Agincourt, and of Margaret de la Trimoille. He
+was lord of Fontaines sur Somme, _seneschal of Ponthieu_, knight of the
+golden fleece, and finally master of the cross bows of France.
+
+Page 340. line 5. _Everard de la Marche._] Everard de la Marck. See
+before.
+
+Page 348. line 11. _Sir Louis de Thieubronne._] Should be Louis lord of
+Thiembrune.
+
+Page 363. line 14. _Lord de Croy._] Anthony lord de Croy and Renti,
+count of Porcean, Guisnes, &c. son of John II, killed at Agincourt, was
+grand chamberlain of Burgundy and grand master in 1463.
+
+Page 364. line 4. _Sir John de Croy._] Brother of Anthony lord de
+Croy, made count of Chimay in 1473, before which he was lord of Thou
+sur Marne.
+
+Page 365. line 12. _Seneschal of Brabant._] John de Hornes, lord of
+Baussignies, &c. admiral and grand chamberlain to the duke of Burgundy,
+descended from the grandfather of William lord of Hornes, who was
+killed at Agincourt.
+
+Page 398. line 3. _Franche de Borselline._] Francis, or Frank de
+Borselle. See above.
+
+Page 398. line 7. _Duke of Anjou._] Renè, duke of Bar, who had been
+made prisoner as related to p. 42: soon afterward succeeded to the
+duchy of Anjou and to the claims of this house on Sicily and Naples, by
+the death of his brother, Louis III.
+
+
+Printed by H. Bryer, Bridge-Street, Blackfriars, London.
+
+Transciber's Note:
+Original spelling has been retained.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Chronicles of Enguerrand de
+Monstrelet, (Vol. 7 of 13), by Enguerrand de Monstrelet
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 58083 ***
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