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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Doctor's Secret Journal, by Daniel Morison

+

+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most

+other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions

+whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of

+the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at

+www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have

+to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.

+

+Title: The Doctor's Secret Journal

+

+Author: Daniel Morison

+

+Editor: George Smith May

+

+Release Date: August 30, 2018 [EBook #57817]

+

+Language: English

+

+Character set encoding: UTF-8

+

+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE DOCTOR'S SECRET JOURNAL ***

+

+

+

+

+Produced by Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed

+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net

+

+

+

+

+

+

+    [Illustration: PAGES FROM THE ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPT AS WRITTEN BY

+    DANIEL MORISON, SURGEON’S MATE 2ND BATTALION, 60TH REGIMENT FORT

+    MICHILIMACKINAC 1769-1772]

+

+    [Illustration: “... swore by a bloody oath he would come with a

+    Hatchet and pull down my house.”]

+

+

+

+

+                             _the_ DOCTOR’S

+                            _Secret Journal_

+

+

+                 _by_ DANIEL MORISON, _Surgeon’s Mate_

+

+                       _Edited by George S. May_

+

+    [Illustration: Inkwell and pen]

+

+                    _Illustrated by Dirk Cringhuis_

+

+    [Illustration: MACKINAC STATE HISTORIC PARKS]

+

+                     Mackinac State Historic Parks

+                       Mackinac Island, Michigan

+

+                           ISBN-0911872-05-1

+

+    [Illustration: Private

+    BRITISH 60th FOOT    ROYAL AMERICANS]

+

+          Copyright © 1960 by The Fort Mackinac Division Press

+ Printed in the United States of America by Harlo Printing Co., Detroit

+                                Michigan

+                   Third Printing, 1969 15,000 copies

+                  Fourth Printing, 1974 15,000 copies

+                   Fifth Printing, 1984 10,000 copies

+                   Sixth Printing, 1993 5,000 copies

+        Seventh Printing, 2001 3,000 soft cover—1,500 hard bound

+

+

+

+

+                              Introduction

+

+

+    [Illustration: Cannon]

+

+_On September 28, 1761, a year after France’s vast North American empire

+had been surrendered to the British at Montreal, Canada, the flag of

+Great Britain was raised over Fort Michilimackinac, far to the west at

+what is now Mackinaw City, Michigan. A force under Major Robert Rogers,

+leader of the almost legendary Rogers’ Rangers, had reached Detroit in

+1760 and had taken control of that post, but the coming of winter had

+compelled the British to wait until the following year to take over the

+other French outposts in the upper Great Lakes._

+

+_Although Major Rogers later was to serve as commanding officer at

+Michilimackinac, the red-coated troops who marched into the little

+stockaded fort on the south shore of the straits connecting Lake Huron

+and Lake Michigan were commanded by Captain Henry Balfour. He found that

+the French garrison had departed for the west months before, leaving the

+fort in charge of Charles Langlade, a native of the area who had fought

+brilliantly on the French side during the French and Indian War. Balfour

+was greeted by several enterprising Englishmen who had gotten a head

+start in the race to gain control of the lucrative fur trade which for

+so long had been monopolized by French traders at Michilimackinac._

+

+_After accepting the fort’s formal surrender and before leaving for the

+west, Balfour detailed a small force from the famous Royal American or

+60th Regiment to remain as the garrison. Two years later, during the

+great Indian uprising of 1763, fierce Chippewa warriors massacred over

+half of the soldiers and temporarily drove the British out. But within a

+year they returned in greater numbers, and from then until 1781, when it

+was abandoned for a new, more easily defended post on Mackinac Island,

+Fort Michilimackinac was one of the key links in the chain of military

+and trading posts which Great Britain maintained on the western frontier

+of its American colonies._

+

+_Among those who came to the fort in the late 1760’s was a Scotsman,

+Daniel Morison, surgeon’s mate in the Royal Americans’ Second Battalion.

+Of his life before and after his tour of duty at Fort Michilimackinac we

+know nothing. Under ordinary circumstances we would agree with one of

+Morison’s commanding officers who told him bluntly, “You are not worth

+my Notice.” But Morison is worth our attention because between 1769 and

+1772 he kept a journal in which he set down in language that is often

+unintentionally hilarious and at other times brutally frank the best

+account that we have of life at this outpost of European civilization._

+

+_This important historical document, now published for the first time in

+its entirety, was purchased in 1914 by the great collector of materials

+relating to the history of Michigan and the Old Northwest, Clarence M.

+Burton, who bought it from a book seller in London, England, for $55. He

+brought the journal back to the state in which it was written where it

+now rests in the Burton Historical Collection of the Detroit Public

+Library._

+

+_Dr. Morison’s journal provides us with a picture of the English

+population of the fort, a people beset by violence, lawlessness,

+tyrannical officers, petty bickering, and assorted other problems. A

+reading of the journal should dispel any romantic notions of what

+conditions were like at an eighteenth-century frontier fort._

+

+_The inhabitants of Michilimackinac consisted of several groups. There

+were the soldiers, numbering around a hundred men. A few of them, we

+learn from Morison, had brought out their wives. The commanding

+officer’s house was the most impressive of the thirty-odd wooden

+buildings located within the stockade. The other officers lived in

+various cabins in the fort, as did the rank and file of the troops until

+1769 when a large barracks was constructed in the center of the fort.

+Dr. Morison’s complaints about the poor quality of the housing are

+supported by statements of others who commented on the ramshackle

+construction which necessitated constant repairs and made the danger of

+fire an ever-present fear._

+

+_As a military fort Michilimackinac was scarcely adequate even to

+withstand the attacks of Indians. The post was maintained, however,

+because it was a convenient center of the fur trade. The small garrison,

+with its six-pound and nine-pound cannon mounted on the bastions, was

+enough to impress the Indians who lived in the vicinity and those who

+gathered here each summer with the reality of British armed might. This

+symbol of military power protected the English fur traders who made up

+the second, and most important, segment of the fort’s population._

+

+_By 1767 Michilimackinac had become for the British as it had been for

+the French the headquarters for the fur trade of a fourth of the

+continent. Canoes were sent out from here loaded with trade goods to be

+exchanged for furs at distant Indian villages located in the uncharted

+wilderness north and west of Lake Superior, westward across the

+Mississippi, and southward to the Illinois country. For two or three

+months in the summer hundreds of _voyageurs_ and traders came back from

+the west, bringing in the furs they had gathered during the previous

+year or two. Like the lumberjacks of a later era, these men were bent on

+enjoying to the fullest degree their brief contact with the comforts of

+civilization before they returned to the west to barter for more furs._

+

+_A few traders who had acquired sufficient means to enable them to hire

+others to do the actual trading remained here the year round and

+occupied cabins in the fort. These Michilimackinac traders, men like

+Benjamin Frobisher, Isaac Todd, George McBeath, and others not mentioned

+by Morison, together with their agents or partners in Montreal who

+obtained the trade goods and sold the furs, dominated the fur trade for

+decades._

+

+_From Morison’s narrative we see that the officers and the traders

+permanently in residence at the fort formed an elite group. It is

+obvious that the French _habitants_ and half-breeds who comprised a

+third part of the fort’s population, not to mention the Indians of the

+area, were not admitted to this exclusive social club. That the strain

+of being cooped up in the small fort, cut off from all contact with the

+outside world for over half the year, proved too much for some of the

+members of this clique, especially the bachelors, is also obvious._

+

+_Equally apparent is the fact that Dr. Morison, poor man, was unsuited

+to withstand the rigors of life at this post. He was apparently an

+educated man who could quote accurately from Virgil’s _Aeneid_, and a

+man of refinement and sensitivity. To some of the cruder members of the

+English set he must have seemed an easy target and a source of amusement

+when life became too dull and the bowls of toddy ran dry. Feeling

+himself much persecuted, as he certainly was, and outraged by the

+injustices of which he and others were the victims, Dr. Morison fumed,

+but, with a few exceptions, as when he refused to permit the whipping of

+a soldier to continue, he lacked the courage necessary to stand up to

+his oppressors. So, like Lieutenant Maryk in _The Caine Mutiny_, who

+kept a secret log on the activities of his sick captain, Dr. Morison

+recorded in his journal the evidence which he no doubt hoped would some

+day enable him to bring Ensign Robert Johnson, Captain George Turnbull,

+and his other tormentors to justice._

+

+_Actually, Dr. Morison probably was not a doctor at all. He was a

+surgeon’s mate, which means that he may once have been an apprentice to

+a surgeon and that he may have taken a course or two at a medical school

+but that it is unlikely he ever graduated since had he done so he would

+not have been simply a mate. The professional ability of the British

+army surgeon’s mate was of a notoriously low order, and, if we may

+believe one of the Royal Americans’ regimental surgeons, Daniel Morison

+was no exception in this respect. Surgeons were scarce, however, and a

+small frontier garrison, even when, as at Michilimackinac, it had been

+plagued by much sickness, had to be satisfied with the services of a

+mate. Unlike the surgeon, who was commissioned by the king, the

+surgeon’s mate was only a warrant officer appointed by the colonel of

+the regiment. The mate, therefore, was inferior in rank even to the

+ensign, the lowest of the commissioned officers. This was undoubtedly

+the source of many of Morison’s problems. He claimed the title of doctor

+and demanded equal status with the officers, who, for their part,

+treated him as they would a common soldier._

+

+_Comments added at the end of the manuscript in a different handwriting

+indicate that someone in England who possessed Morison’s journal in the

+nineteenth century intended to publish it in a magazine. No evidence has

+been found that this was done. In preparing the journal for publication

+we have ignored the numerous changes that this earlier editor made in

+the document and have retained Morison’s own phraseology at all times,

+including the misspelled words and grammatical construction so typical

+of his age. The narrative has been broken into five parts, and

+paragraphing and punctuation has been supplied at some places in the

+interest of easier reading. Material within brackets has been inserted

+by the present editor._

+

+                                                         _GEORGE S. MAY_

+

+  _Lansing, Michigan_

+  _March 6, 1960_

+

+    [Illustration: “Doctor, damn your blood, get up & give us a bowl of

+    Toddy!”]

+

+

+

+

+                                   I

+                 An Entertainment and a Violent Assault

+

+

+    [Illustration: Musket and saber]

+

+_Dr. Morison begins his journal innocently enough with an account of a

+party which he and others gave in the fall of 1769. Among the other

+hosts was Isaac Todd, who later helped found the great Canadian

+fur-trading firm, the North West Company, and whose long-time partner,

+James McGill, endowed McGill University in Montreal. The party began to

+get out of hand with the arrival of a couple of rowdy traders—John

+Chinn, who is best remembered as a partner in an unsuccessful

+copper-mining venture in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, and Forrest Oaks,

+who was a prominent fur trader at Michilimackinac and later at Montreal

+for a number of years after 1769._

+

+_Morison, who seems to have been something of a name-dropper, mentions

+as he goes along other men who are familiar to students of the fur trade

+and British military history. But all of them are dwarfed by Ensign

+Robert Johnson, who crashed Morison’s party and soon turned the evening

+into a nightmare. Johnson (which is apparently how he spelled his name,

+although Morison insists on calling him Johnstone) is the villain of

+Morison’s journal, a scoundrel and bully whom we come almost to admire

+for the infinite variety of ways in which he gave vent to his evil

+nature._

+

+_He had been deeply involved in the Robert Rogers affair which had

+rocked the little community at Michilimackinac two years before. Johnson

+was in Detroit in the fall of 1767 where he had gone for the treatment

+of an injury when a messenger from British military headquarters for

+North America arrived with orders to place Major Rogers, commandant at

+Michilimackinac, under arrest on suspicion of treason. Johnson brought

+these orders back to the Straits, and it was Lieutenant John Christie,

+an officer who also figures prominently in Morison’s journal, who

+arrested Rogers. Johnson later asked to be given charge of the detail

+that took Rogers to Montreal for trial, boasting that he would foil any

+attempt that might be made to set Rogers free. However, when Rogers was

+acquitted, those who had hoped to see him convicted charged that the

+prosecution’s case had been fatally weakened by Johnson’s testimony

+which had enabled the defense to show that Rogers had been mistreated

+while he was a prisoner. Such mistreatment would be in keeping with the

+picture of Johnson’s character which emerges from a reading of Dr.

+Morison’s journal._

+

+

+Narrative of an Action of Burglary and felony perpetrated on the

+Dwelling House & person of Daniel Morison, Surgeon’s mate of the 2d.

+Battn. 60th Regt. at Michilamackinac the Seventh day of November (about

+5 Oclock in the morning) in the Year one thousand seven hundred & sixty

+nine, Vizt:

+

+That the evening before being the sixth of November, Isaac Todd,

+merchant, William Maxwell, commissary of provisions & I proposed to give

+an Entertainment at Sergt. [Thomas] MacMurrays to which we Severally

+invited such people as we thought (in such a remote corner) qualified to

+make the evening pass agreeably. Accordingly we met, and everything was

+carryed on with the greatest Decency & innocent Mirth till John Chinn &

+Forrest Oaks, traders, joined us.

+

+After drinking a glass round, John Chinn (who appeared to be the worse

+of liquor) before & at supper began to be troublesome, opened upon me

+with Volleys of ragged raillery (without the least provocation on my

+side) and that blended with Opprobrious Expressions, namely, that I was

+an officer in the Rebellion &c. in the Year 1745 [the abortive Scottish

+attempt to place Bonnie Prince Charlie on the British throne], which

+tho’ I knew was an arrant untruth, did not think it prudent to make the

+proper answer his wrongious Assertions deserved, [but] waved it off in

+the smoothest manner, lest the Company should be disturbed.

+Notwithstanding, our merriment was in a great measure unhinged, as the

+said John Chinn’s only pleasure consisted chiefly in being officious, by

+hobb or nobbing with everyone [who] would chuse to drink with him, &

+indeed importunely pouring perpetually in upon those who did not chuse

+to drink more than would do them good.

+

+About the hour of eleven o’clock, Ens. Robert Johnstone (who for ought I

+know invited himself) came in, accompanied by Ens. John Strickland & Mr.

+[George] Main. We continued thus till about one O’clock in the morning,

+when Numbers of our Company thought proper to retire. I proposed

+retiring also, but Isaac Todd insisted upon my spending one hour or two

+more with them. Rather than disoblige I consented.

+

+About half one hour after, Ens. Johnstone asked the Company how their

+punch pleased them. They answered, well enough. Then he, the said Ens.

+Johnstone, blabbed out publickly, Vauntingly & wantonly, he had mingled

+four ounces of Jallap [a purgative] with the water that was a boiling

+for proportioning the Punch & Sangary [wine spiced and diluted with

+water]. This giddy Declaration, instead of meeting with approbation,

+occasioned the interjection of one universal sneer. I said nothing tho’

+I perfectly knew such irregular proceedings could not be intended for

+good. Therefore I silently winked over it, as others did; at the same

+time took particular notice that Ens. Johnstone drank nothing but wine

+all the night over.

+

+John Chinn and Forrest Oaks, who left the Company about one o’clock,

+seemingly fuddled, returned to the charge one hour & one half

+thereafter. The abovesaid John Chinn appeared to be as unruly as ever.

+In short, conversation became very insipid. Drinking was the principal

+amusement, varnished over with various inconsistencys. At length time

+dragged on very heavily. Consequently [I] excused myself to be away,

+pleading the part I had to act in regard to my department. Upon which

+John Chinn swore by a bloody Oath he would come with a Hatchet and pull

+down my house, if I did not stay a little longer. To palliate this

+foolish menace, I thought it prudent to humour, [rather] than exasperate

+[him] on that Occasion.

+

+[I] continued in [his] company till about four o’clock, then sheered off

+quietly not imagineing he would persist in his folly. [I] went to bed

+without dread or fear, as I gave no other plausible offense except what

+my absence suggested to them. But the Sequel will evidently discover the

+Maliciousness of their perverse intentions, for about five o’clock in

+the morning the seventh of November abovesaid, the door of my house was

+forcibly broke open, one plank of the Door-leaf, bars, bolt &c. pulled

+down to the floor. Upon entering my Room they also broke down my stove

+which was strongly made of bricks, clay & lime. This unwarrantable deed

+was principally perpetrated by Ens. Robert Johnstone of the 2d Battn. &

+Oaks the trader.

+

+So fast was I asleep [that I] knew nothing of these violent proceedings

+untill Oaks Surprized me out of a profound sleep, tumbling in roughly in

+my bed [and] bawling loudly, “Doctor, Doctor, damn your blood, get up &

+give us a bowl of Toddy, other wise You’ll repent it.”

+

+I wakened as out of a dream. He, the said Oaks’ next question was if I

+had my durk by my bed-side. I answered, “Never in time of peace.” Upon

+this I called to my servant John Forbes to light a candle, which was no

+sooner done, & set upon the table at my bed side after my servant

+retired to the kitchen, then the said Ens. Johnstone kicked down &

+overturned the table, candle, candlestick, &c., topsy turvy in great

+wrath.

+

+“Is this You, Ens. Johnstone,” says I, “who behaves so rudely.”

+

+“You ly,” he says, “I am a gentleman.”

+

+I made answer that his rude behavior betrayed the contrary in the eyes

+of good men.

+

+Then he swore bloodily in the height of Rage, he would shew me that he

+was a gentleman & immediately fell upon, attacked & pelted me violently

+in my naked bed, he & his abbettor Oaks. The room being dark all my

+attempts of defence were rendered ineffectual by Oaks’s exerting his

+outmost strength to entangle me in my sheets & bed-Cloathes out of which

+I struggled to extricate myself like a fish entangled in a net. They

+pelted me pell-mell with incessant blows repeatedly, on the face, left

+breast, &c., to the Effusion of my blood. Before I could recover myself

+out of the jeopardy into which I was involved, my shirt, sheets &

+pillowcase [were] all bespattered with gore & blood in my naked bed

+untill Sergt. McMurray & Arthur Ross, soldier, with the assistance of my

+servant, John Forbes, turned them out of the Room. Otherwise it is

+[hard] to know where the consequences would end. William Maxwell, the

+Commissary, & Christian Burgy, trader, came in who saw my face bruised

+all over, besmeared [with] Blood.

+

+In the meantime Forrest Oaks had the impudence to come back again, &

+upon a rehearsal of my bad useage, very unmannerly gave me the ly twice

+or thrice, in my own house. To this Sergt. MacMurray, Mr. Maxwell & the

+abovesaid Christian Burgy was present, who can testify in this, as well

+as other Circumstances. I imagined he intended this insult as a

+provocation to stirr me up to do something rash, of which he might make

+a handle to invalidate my pretensions to Justice on account of his being

+accessory to the violent attack upon my person as abovesaid.

+

+Whether there were more accomplices [who] acted in conjunction with Ens.

+Johnstone & Forrest Oaks at the breakeing of my house &c., I cannot

+positively determine (the room being dark) except what may be inferred

+from a chain of Circumstances. For John Chinn (whose mind it seems was

+so replete with the dregs of his former menaces abovesaid, as if he

+intended to make his menace good) he, the said John Chinn, was met by

+Isaac Todd on his way to my house, with a great Hatchet in his hand. Mr.

+Todd asked where he was going. The said John Chinn answered, to break

+down the Doctor’s house. Upon which Mr. Todd, partly by persuasion, &

+partly by dint of strength, brought him home to his lodgeing.

+

+Whether it was before this, or after, I cannot say, my servant John

+Forbes catched the said John Chinn at the porch before my broken door,

+with a large Hatchet, while the assailants abovesaid, to wit, Ens.

+Johnstone & Oaks, were perpetrating their malicious designs against me.

+He, the said John Forbes, asked the said John Chinn what was he going to

+do with that Hatchet. John Chinn replyed, to break down the Doctor’s

+house. After a little altercation my servant persuaded him to deliver up

+the Hatchet.

+

+No sooner the assailants abovesaid was expelled the house, as above

+mentioned, then the said John Chinn entered my house abruptly, as

+straight as a rush, & with an air of authority, impudently (tho’ he saw

+my face &c. all over with blood besmeared) minding his belly more than

+my hard treatment asked if I should give him a bowl of Toddy, in

+presence of Mr. Maxwell & Mr. Burgy.

+

+When these irregular proceedings perspired [_sic!_] the most

+considerable gentlemen in the Garrison came to see me, to wit, Capt.

+[Beamsley] Glazier [commandant, 1768-70], Lieut. Nordberg, Lieut. [John]

+Christie, Ens. Strickland, Mr. Todd, Mr. Main, Mr. [Charles?] Morison,

+Mr. Maxwell & Christian Burgy, who can all & one of them attest they

+plainly saw that the door of my house &c. were forcibly broke open as

+abovesaid, & that my face &c. was all over besmeared with blood & gore,

+& my shirt, sheets, pillowcase, were plentifully bespattered with blood

+also.

+

+John Chinn, upon Recollecting what he had done, [realized he had] forgot

+his Hatchet, which he was very impatient to have in his possession once

+more, as it was then in custody of my servant John Forbes for about half

+one hour. The said John Chinn employed Christian Burgy, abovesaid, to

+bring it back to him. I did not chuse to give it, but upon the said

+Christian Burgy’s earnest Expostulations I complyed, & ordered my

+servant to deliver it. At the same time [I] told Christian Burgy it was

+to the same purpose, as he & my servant could testify with Isaac Todd,

+[to] the maliciousness of his [Chinn’s] unwarrantable intentions as

+abovesaid.

+

+Soon after Ens. Johnstone & his abbettor Forrest Oaks had been expelled

+my house, he, the said Ens. Johnstone, went to Ens. Strickland’s. The

+abovesaid Isaac Todd happened to be there, who upon Johnston’s

+appearing, observed blood upon his hands &c. [Isaac Todd] asked him,

+where he had been. The said Ensign Johnstone replyed Vauntingly, he was

+giveing some knocks to the Doctor.

+

+About half one hour after seven the evening before, Ens. Johnstone with

+some other accomplices were discovered scaling up a ladder opposite to

+which there was a half door, up the loft, at the lower end of my house.

+My servant John Forbes & another soldier observing a noise, as if the

+half door was thrown down upon the loft, [started out] but before my

+servant & the other soldier could get out to make a real discovery, the

+attempters were scattered about different ways. What their intentions

+were in regard to this little Enterprise depends upon them to explain

+but the judicious may readily conclude it a prelude to their malicious

+perpetrations before daylight next morning.

+

+Before, at, or about six weeks preceeding the 7th November abovesaid,

+there was a strong report prevailed in [the] Garrison (which I am now

+persuaded was not without foundation) that the said Ens. Johnstone,

+being in company with some gentlemen in the fort, had breathed out

+menaceing and malevolent expressions against me, threatening he would

+use me ill.

+

+Ens. Johnstone’s reasons for this extravagant Declaration I am yet a

+stranger to, as it is conscious to myself I never did in word or deed

+give him any just grounds of provocation. Notwithstanding this surmise,

+I took no further notice of [it] than studying to evade his Company,

+excepting behaveing with common civility on general terms, as I knew his

+Character among the public to be of a turbulent & troublesome, meddling

+[and] loquacious Disposition.

+

+Upon the whole, I believe, it will not be attended with much Difficulty

+to investigate sufficient evidences, who will attest to the Veracity of

+the above, when they are legally called upon to declare their

+Sentiments, Solemnly without the least partiality or mental reservation

+in presence of any competent Tribunal, by which it will evidently appear

+(to the Judicious) with other concurring Circumstances that the forcibly

+breaking up of my house &c., together with the violent assault upon my

+person as above specifyed, may be justly attributed to premeditated &

+malicious intentions. Authentick witnesses to prove the last assertion

+are Isaac Todd, Benjiman Roberts, late Lieut. in the 46th Regt.,

+Benjiman Frobbisher, merchant, & William Maxwell, Commissary of

+Provisions in this Fort.

+

+N. B.: When Sergt. McMurray & Arthur Ross came into my house they found

+Ens. Johnstone holding my servant by the hair of his head & pelting at

+him with several knocks altennarly [alternately?] for attempting to

+force him out of the house, which he got accomplished with the

+assistance of Sergt. MacMurray & Arthur Ross.

+

+N. B.: That in the month of March 1766, he [Johnson] threatened he would

+break my head. No sooner [did] I put myself in a position of Defence,

+but he desisted from his insolent menaces. Proof: Lieut. Allan Grant of

+the 2d. Battn., Lieut. Varingon & Adjutant Biron [John Burrent], both of

+the 1st. Battn. 60th Regt.

+

+

+

+

+                                   II

+               Concerning the Most Irregular Proceedings

+

+

+    [Illustration: Flags]

+

+_Daniel Morison was so incensed by the events related in the preceding

+narrative that he wrote out two versions, which, however, with the

+exception of an occasional difference in wording are the same. Following

+these events, from time to time he recorded some of the “irregular

+proceedings” which transpired at the fort, largely as a result of the

+actions of the irrepressible Ensign Johnson._

+

+_Morison’s journal illustrates vividly how completely the military

+authorities dominated the lives of the fort’s inhabitants. Not only were

+the soldiers at the mercy of their officers, but civilians, such as

+Morison’s nephew, William Morison, were helpless in the face of military

+indifference to their problems since there was no civil authority at

+Michilimackinac or anywhere else in what is now Michigan to which they

+might appeal during this period. Traders constantly complained at the

+high-handed actions of the fort’s commanders who, these traders charged,

+used their position to gain great material benefits for themselves and

+imposed ruinous regulations on those traders who would not give them a

+cut of their profits. The royal government sought to correct these

+abuses, but throughout the period of British rule Michilimackinac is

+said to have had a reputation as a center of corruption and misrule._

+

+    [Illustration: “Ensign Johnstone (who was there with his wife)

+    saluted him with innumberable knocks & kicks.”]

+

+

+Remarks December 1769.

+

+[1stly.] That a few days after this unwarrantable Outrage perpetrated

+against my dwelling House & person, John Chinn & Forrest Oaks were so

+conscious of their Enormous guilt [and] struck with such a Remorse, that

+they declared that they would upon their knees publickly on the Parade

+beg to be pardoned if that would satisfy for the Errors they were

+conscious of haveing committed. This they expressed in the Audience of

+William Maxwell, Commissary, Sergt. McMurray, George McBeath, [and]

+Henry Williams, traders.

+

+2dly. That a certain gentleman heard it surmised among them that if the

+above Submission would not take place, they might have another Resolve

+which was to tamper with my Servant & advance him one hundred pounds by

+way of bribe, as they looked on him as the most Material witness in my

+intended process against them.

+

+3rdly. Such is the depraved disposition of this profligate Garrison at

+this Juncture (as well as now degenerateing into the most irregular

+proceedings dayly) they had recourse to calumnious aspersions

+contriveing to patch up false invective & ignominous Reports (as under

+the Necessity of keeping my room, on account of the Severe [bruises] I

+had sustained from such a rough handleing, that I wore Boots with

+Creepers in my Room & [was] found lying down in my bed with them); with

+this additional & abominable connivance that I kept so long close in my

+Room to embrace one opportunity to drive away Sorrow & get drunk

+privately. Such are the Diabolical dispositions of many in this remote

+garrison who make a perpetual habit of murdering time in excesses of

+Debauchery & most Licentious practices. These false aspersions I had

+communicated to me by George Main and Charles Morison, trader, the 10th

+December, 1769.

+

+4thly. Upon the 11th do. Ens. Johnstone assumed to encroach upon my

+Province by visiting Sergt. McPherson of the Colonel’s Company, who says

+he never sent for him Directly or indirectly. He immediately insisted

+upon seeing his wound, tho’ he was but newly dressed one hour before,

+[and] took off the dressings, &c. After inspection he told my patient

+for his comfort, it looked very bad, & that he knew nothing better for

+him than to bathe it with brandy. [He] set off directly, & left the

+tumefyed wound exposed to the Open air, till my servant was obliged to

+go & dress him a second time. This among the rest is one specimen of the

+Ens. Johnstone’s activity to interfere in matters which did not concern

+him. That at the same time he told Sergt. McPherson if he belonged to

+the Company, he [would give] commands. He would immediately confine Dr.

+Morison in the common guard house.

+

+N. B.: That in a few days after this Violent Assault, John Chinn and

+Forrest Oaks were observed conjointly & severally, loading their guns &

+pistoles, which I dare say were intended for bad purposes which they

+would in all appearance have prosecuted had not their proceedings been

+disapproved of by a certain gentleman in the Garrison.

+

+One night the ensueing spring, when they carroused heartily at their

+Bowl, John Chinn proposed to pay another Visit to the Doctor, which

+being disapproved of by one of the principals in the Assault, was

+dropped.

+

+The 25th. December 1769. Ens. Johnstone with his irregular associates,

+contrived among them, about day set in the evening, to send a frenchman,

+who served Isaac Todd merchant, upon a false Message to me two different

+times in great haste, acquainting me that his master was very sick, &

+that he earnestly, in the most pressing manner, demanded my immediate

+assistance. Upon which I Repaired directly to wait upon Mr. Todd, & upon

+due enquiry, found the Message to be a mere bubble, very like the

+triffling projectors, Isaac Todd declareing himself well, & took it

+highly amiss that they should take such libertys with his name, or give

+me such Unnecessary trouble.

+

+Some time in Summer 1770, Ens. Johnstone Knocked down a soldier of the

+general’s Company, called Walker by name, in presence of the Commanding

+officer, Capt. [George] Turnbull. The poor soldier applyed to me, & told

+me he was afraid his cheek bone was broke, which did not happen to be

+the case, tho’ it was prodigiously swelled. Which cost me five or six

+days attendance and applications, before he recovered so as to be fit

+for Duty.

+

+Sunday evening at 11 O’clock, 2d. December 1770, a frenchman knocked at

+the door of my house very hard, when I was abed. Imagining it Might be

+from some sick soldier, [I] called to my servant to open the Door, &

+there appeared a frenchman with a card in his hand, charged with Mr.

+Chinn’s Compliments to Doctor Morison, begging the favour of his Company

+to take a dance with them at Christian Burge’s house. This I rejected

+with outmost derision & Contempt, as I never did prostitute my judgement

+so low as to join Company of any Denomination to break the Lord’s day in

+such a publick [and] infamous manner; & indeed I looked upon the Company

+so mean that I should be very scrupulous to join them even on a Weekly

+day. I doubt not but Ens. Johnstone might be at the head of such a

+Heathenish proposition as there is no irregularitys committed here,

+wherein he is not either a prompter or a ready Countenancer if not a

+perpetrator.

+

+Sunday the 9th December 1770. Betwixt the hours of 11 & 12 o’Clock

+forenoon, when the Garrison was at Church, Sergt. [Thomas] Carlile of

+the general’s company had the guard that day, & being thirsty stepped

+over to his own house (which was adjacent & directly opposite to his

+guard) for a drink of spruce beer. He no sooner opened the Door of his

+room than Ens. Johnstone (who was there with his wife) saluted him with

+innumberable knocks & kicks till (almost in his own words to me) he had

+knocked his head into blubber, then kicked him in the private parts

+(from which Violence his private parts, particularly one of his

+testicles, are greatly Swelled, of a hue black as his Hat). [Johnson

+gave him] many bumps upon his head, [and] his jaw bones, as he himself

+says, [are] so painful that he can scarce open his mouth, but with great

+difficulty.

+

+The poor Sergt. immediately returned to his guard & the next day applyed

+to the commanding officer Capt. Turnbull of this Fort for his Protection

+in regard to his most grievious situation, from the Attrocious and

+barbarous usage he had sustained by the violent proceedings of Ens.

+Johnstone whom he was determined to prosecute to the outmost for the

+Violence done to his person, in his own house.

+

+N. B.: Ens. Johnstone confined two or three soldiers in the black-hole

+for being absent from Divine service, where they were in durance while

+he himself was pounding & kicking the poor Sergt. in this barbarous

+manner.

+

+Late in the evening Sunday above said, Ens. Johnstone was swaggering

+away upon the Parade with a naked sword, or Dagger, in his hand, & when

+it seems he could not meet a Humane [_sic_] Subject to Use ill, he

+wrecked his Vengeance on a dog (belonging to one of the Soldiers of the

+Garrison) by cutting him to the back-bone. The poor brute made such a

+hideous noise, his wound being beyond Remedy, [that] his master was

+obliged out of Pity to put him out of pain by shooting him thro’ the

+head.

+

+Wednesday 12th December 1770. A little before Roll-Call Ens. Johnstone

+struck my servant, John Forbes, by giveing him several blows, which hurt

+him prodigiously, for attempting to ridd some Dogs that were a fighting

+& make[ing] a terrible Noise at the Door of my house. He struck Sergt.

+McMurray, acting Sergt. Major in the fort, with a severe blow, at the

+same time knocked down flat [on] the ground Henry Adams of the

+Collonel’s Company, so that the dogs of this garrison are so Usefull,

+Sergents & Soldiers must be knocked down for attempting to hinder them

+from fighting & makeing a noise.

+

+Ens. Johnstone kicked Sergt. McPherson of the Collonel’s Company in

+presence of the Commanding officer, a little before he went down to

+Detroit last fall. Wednesday 26th December 1770, upon the evening of

+that day Ens. Johnstone knocked down Sergt. May upon the Parade, by

+giveing him two severe blows on the neck & Jawbones, after which he

+confined him, brought him to a tryal, & sentenced [him] to be reduced to

+the ranks.

+

+On Saturday 29th, Do., Ens. Johnstone wrangled with my nephew, William

+Morison, erroneously & threatened to confine him in the common

+guard-house.

+

+Sunday evening 30th Do., Mrs. [George] McBeath invited me to walk into

+her house. I was no sooner seated than she entered a grieveous Complaint

+to me against Ens. Johnstone, affirming that he used uncommon libertys

+with her Character, upon which she wrote him the evening before a very

+spirited Letter of which she shewed me a Copy. She actually pronounced

+him a very bad man. As a strong instance of which, among many she could

+adduce, she declared he had frequently tampered with her by many

+stratagems to destroy her peace with her husband, which she looked upon

+as such a vile insinuation she was determined never to admit of his

+Company for the future.

+

+Tuesday evening the 1st. Jan’y 1771. John Savage, Taylor & Soldier in

+the general’s Company, twixt 11 & 12, had the Door of his house forced

+open [and was] committed to the guard-house for not suffering his wife

+to comply with obscene proposit[ions made] to her. At this Exploit Ens.

+Johnstone was one of the chief witnesses. The prisoner was set at

+liberty next morning without any crime given against him.

+

+Monday the 7th Jan’y 1771. Ens. Johnstone decoyed away Sergt. Carlile’s

+wife, which he has been contriveing to accomplish many months before

+this finishing stroake, & tho’ her husband was like to break his Heart,

+and crying out his Eyes on the occasion, Yet no Remonstrances would be

+payed the least attention to. Ens. Johnstone quitted his Room in the

+officer’s barracks that evening which he exchanged with Mr. Main for

+his. [He] sleeped with her that night in his new room where he lives

+with her still, without dread or shame, while the poor Husband is left

+in such a disconsolate situation that is not easy to describe. He next

+morning (poor man) applyed to the Commanding Officer, who gave him no

+satisfactory redress, as he did not chuse to interfere either pro or

+con. Yet the next day after her Elopement from her husband she had the

+honnour of dining with the commanding officer and his mess, who drank

+tea with her that evening at her new lodgeings.

+

+Sergt. Carlile had the mortification to see his wife dayly conducted by

+one of the mess to dine with the commanding officer, Capt. Turnbul, &

+the good Company with him, at which the poor Sergt. was like to go

+distracted but could not help himself.

+

+Ens. Johnstone in the month [of December?] 1770, haveing crossed on a

+party of pleasure in company with Capt. Turnbull & William Maxwell,

+Commissary, flogged Knight, Soldier in the general’s Company, with his

+own hand, without any regular tryal for his crime. Proof: William

+Maxwell, Commissary, Rogers & McLean, soldiers.

+

+As Ens. Johnstone thought proper to turn trader by selling of common rum

+to the soldiers & all others by whom he might gain a penny in this

+clandestine Manner, in the month of October 1767, he was observed to

+have filled up several Barrels of common rum with boiling water to make

+up the Leakage. Afterwards [he] sold this at 18. sh. York currency pr.

+gallon to Sergeants & Soldiers &c. in the Garrison. Proof: Sergeants

+McMurray & Carlile with his own servant Arthur Ross, who assisted him by

+his own self in the deceitfull operation.

+

+Upon friday the 8th febry. 1771, Ens. Johnstone in presence of the

+Commanding officer, Capt. Turnbull, Ens. Strickland, George Main,

+William Maxwell, Commissary, [and] George McBeath, trader, attacked

+William Morison, my nephew, in a most rude and Violent manner, without

+any evident cause, in the billiard Room in the presence of six

+witnesses. The Young man (who is sometimes liable to a fainting

+Disposition) in the Scuffle he fell down & cryed Murder! William

+Maxwell, Commissary of provisions, interposed, by which he received some

+knocks from Ens. Johnstone without returning one blow, after which

+Johnstone passed by [the] Commissary in a furious manner, & the young

+man was flat down in a swoon. Ens. Johnstone raised up his left arm &

+gave him repeated thumps opposite to the heart, by which it would appear

+he intended to murder the young man.

+

+He is now under care & it is a chance if ever he can get the better of

+it. The commanding officer with all those of their Club was present to

+all this. Some of them I am told stood firm with their backs to the room

+door, I suppose to hinder any from comeing in to the assistance of the

+ill-used Young man. At length the noise brought in Mr. Harise, who can

+attest to everything he saw. Mr. Harise with one or two more carryed him

+for dead to his room, where after untying his stock he gradually

+recovered from his trance.

+

+In the evening I went with my Nephew to wait on Capt. Turnbull to enter

+a Complaint of his hard usage. After all the remonstrances he could

+suggest, the Commanding Officer would give him no Redress, tho’ he

+himself was personally present to the crime committed by Johnstone. Upon

+which I myself made application to Capt. Turnbull in the humblest manner

+to put Ens. Johnstone under arrest & that there was no possibility of

+maintaining peace in the Garrison while Johnstone was at liberty, nor

+could I think myself safe in the Execution of my Office if my

+Remonstrances to him on that score did not take place, which Capt.

+Turnbull Absolutely refused to do by saying, with some warmth, he would

+not put Johnstone under arrest, tho’ there [were] as many crimes against

+him as words on his Commission.

+

+The 23d. feby. 1771. Ens. Johnstone quarrelled with William Maxwell,

+Commissary, & revilled [him] (if not gave him a few blows) with

+exasperating expressions, both in company of the commanding officer,

+who, when words became too high, ordered Ens. Johnstone to his room,

+wherein he did not continue above twenty four hours, for reasons best

+known to the Commanding Officer & himself.

+

+    [Illustration: “... a woman who I have the greatest regard for

+    distracted me by her imprudent behaviour.”]

+

+

+

+

+                                  III

+                       A Regimental Court-Martial

+

+

+    [Illustration: Drum]

+

+_The little domestic tragedy involving Sergeant Thomas Carlile, his

+wife, and Ensign Robert Johnson, the first two acts of which transpired

+in the last chapter, now comes to an end with the utter defeat and

+humiliation of the poor sergeant._

+

+_Brought to trial on a charge of being disrespectful to an officer,

+Carlile sought to get his case tried not by a regimental court-martial,

+but by a general court-martial which would have a larger number of

+judges, including officers from other units, who would be more likely to

+judge his case without prejudice. With Ensign Johnson sitting as a

+member of the court it is not surprising that Carlile’s request was

+denied nor that he was found guilty and reduced to the rank of private._

+

+_Carlile shortly was restored to his sergeant’s rating but only after

+agreeing to take back his faithless wife and writing a letter at

+Johnson’s order in which he abjectly begged forgiveness for daring to

+suggest that the ensign ought not to sit as a member of the court._

+

+_The record of Carlile’s court-martial was stricken from the regimental

+orderly book, but Morison copied the proceedings as follows:_

+

+  _Michilamackinac, February 16th, 1771._

+

+  _Proceedings of a Regimental Court Martial, 2d. Battn. 60th Regt. by

+  order of Capt. Turnbull, Commandant._

+

+                                             _President—Lieut. Christie_

+

+  _Prisoner, Sergt. Carlile_

+

+                                                _Ens. Johnstone, member_

+

+  _Confined by order of Ens. Strickland for being insolent & behaveing

+  with Disrespect to him. Ens. Strickland informs the Court that he went

+  a Carrioling [riding in a cariole, a kind of sleigh] with a Woman

+  under his Protection (namely Sergt. Carlile’s wife and Ens.

+  Johnstone’s whore) [and] that the prisoner came up and wished that the

+  Carriole, horse and all, might break in & go under the ice, with other

+  insolent Language._

+

+  _The Prisoner being put to defence denys the crime & says he will not

+  be tryed by a Regimental Courtmartial, but desires a general one, &

+  objects to Ens. Johnstone, for reasons he now will not mention. The

+  Court is of oppinion the prisoner is guilty of the crime laid to his

+  Charge, therefore do sentence him to be reduced and serve as private

+  in the Ranks._

+

+                                    _Signed/ Lieut. Christie, president_

+

+                                _Approved, George Turnbull, Commandant._

+

+Febry 1st. 1771. Ens. Johnstone by threats & promises prevailed upon

+Sergt. Carlile, by frequent tamperings & Solicitations, to take his wife

+back again. I imagine upon Examination of this accommodation it will

+appear equally abominable as the original iniquitous & intrigueing

+proceedings.

+

+The 23d febry 1771. Ensigns Johnstone & Strickland haveing requested of

+the commanding officer that Thomas Carlile, late Sergt. in generall

+Armstrong’s Company, should be restored, he is therefore restored to his

+former rank (after signing, I fancy, uncommon preliminarys dictated to

+him by the Destroyer of his peace and tranquility). He is to be obeyed

+as such. One infamous restoration indeed when the terms are narrowly

+scrutinized.

+

+N. B.: That upon the 26th febry. 1771. Capt. Turnbull, Commandant,

+Issued verbal orders to Sergt. [Mc]Murray of the General’s Company to

+Erase the proceedings of the Regimental Court Martial concerning Sergt.

+Carlile’s tryal out of the Regimental Orderly book, & if he could, would

+get it Erased out of the orderly book of the Lieut. Colonel’s Company

+also. Accordingly Sergt. McGann of the Colonel’s Company did erase it,

+without any previous notice given to the officer who commanded the

+Company. As that officer was not a little surprized at such uncommon

+proceedings, he immediately confined him in the guard-house, who in his

+own defence told his officer he received positive orders from the acting

+Sergt. Major so to do, who had told him it was the orders of the day by

+the commanding officer, Capt. Turnbull. Upon which the officer

+commanding the Coll’s Company sent for the acting Sergt. Major who

+acknowledged to him he had received orders from the Commanding officer

+of the Fort to have the tryall of Sergt. Carlile torn out of the Book of

+both Companies doing duty in Garrison. Upon which Declaration the

+officer set Sergt. McGann at liberty.

+

+                                      _Michilamackinac, 22d. febry 1771_

+

+  _Sir—_

+

+  _I hope You will pardon my takeing this Liberty to trouble You, but to

+  ease my own mind I cannot avoid it, by the instigation of my own

+  Notions. I was so imprudent to object to Ens. Johnstone’s being a

+  member of my Court Martial, altho’ I am now well convinced that his

+  own Honnour would not allow him to do anything prejudicial to Justice.

+  The only Excuse I can make to him & Ens. Strickland is that a Woman

+  who I have the greatest regard for distracted me by her imprudent

+  behaviour. This, Sir, I hope in some part will Extenuate my Crimes, &

+  I shall only further beg leave to Observe that Ens. Johnstone has

+  behaved to me as a good officer, & I have no ground of Complaint

+  against him, & I am extreamely sorry for, & beg his forgiveness & Ens.

+  Strickland’s for my past behaveour, which I never will be guilty of

+  again._

+

+  _I have the Honnour to be, Sir,_

+

+                    _Your most Dutifull & humble Servant,_

+

+                   _Signed—Tho’s Carlile, late Sergt._

+

+  _To Capt. Turnbull_

+    _Commanding at Michilamackinac_

+

+_The above is a coppy of a Letter directed to Capt. Turnbull by order of

+Ens. Johnstone._

+

+        _a true Copy_

+

+                         _Signed/ Tho’s McMurray_

+                          _acting Sergt. Major_

+

+    [Illustration: Ft. Michilimackinac during the 1770’s]

+

+

+

+

+                                   IV

+                       A Catalogue of Foul Deeds

+

+

+    [Illustration: Stocks]

+

+_Dr. Morison now summarizes the evidence he had collected against Ensign

+Johnson into a catalogue of his “exploits.” In addition to proving that

+the ensign was a respecter of no one, regardless of age, rank, sex, or

+position, the catalogue includes the intriguing report of alleged

+intimacies between Johnson and Mrs. Robert Rogers. This information may

+be true since we learn from another source that Major Rogers was said to

+have been jealous of Johnson. The ironical aspect of this whole matter

+is that ten years later when Elizabeth Rogers sued for a divorce from

+the major one of her grounds for the action was that her husband had

+been unfaithful to her while they were at Michilimackinac._

+

+_Ensign Johnson finally met his match in the tough Connecticut trader,

+Phineas Pond, and resigned his commission in November, 1771, and

+disappeared from the scene._

+

+_Sentencing a soldier to receive a thousand lashes, which Morison also

+relates in this chapter, was an unusually brutal penalty, although at

+least one sentence of fifteen-hundred lashes of the “cat” is on record.

+Ordinarily ten lashes was regarded as sufficient punishment for most

+offenses and as many as thirty-nine lashes was considered cruel._

+

+    [Illustration: “... sentenced to Receive 1000 lashes for

+    Desertion.”]

+

+Michilamackinack, 10th Aprile 1771. Ens. Johnstone attempted a rape on a

+girl betwixt nine & ten Years of age. Her shrieking out Violently

+alarmed her step-father, Arthur Ross, & others in the barracks. This

+Arthur Ross was servant to Ens. Johnstone at the time, who upon makeing

+remonstrances the next morning to Ens. Johnstone of his rude & uncommon

+behaveour, Received a very severe blow on the left breast from his

+master, Ens. Johnstone, which made him quit his service instantly.

+

+Ens. Johnstone acknowledged publickly, by way of Bravado, he had carnal

+dealings with Mrs. Oldham (the mother of this girl upon whom he

+attempted this Rape) three years agoe, and about twenty Days agoe he

+vaunted of the same foul deed, declaring publickly it was [no one’s

+business?]. This declaration happened two or three days before he

+attempted the Rape upon her Young Daughter.

+

+Tuesday the 23d Aprile 1771. We had a kind of horse race here; the most

+of the garrison walked out to enjoy the pleasure of the Show. Ens.

+Johnstone being appointed as one of the Judges upon the Occasion, Ens.

+Strickland’s mare was saddled for him, that he might be enabled to

+execute the important office with the more Alacrity. The racers appeared

+on the ground expecting Ens. Johnstone with outmost impatience. [They]

+sent several messages in quest of him; his mare was found; but he

+himself could not, & no wonder for he was then in a Captain’s Cabin

+marking barrells of Liquor to be Rolled over to the Suttler’s house,

+which was observed to be conveyed in this manner by Creditable

+Witnesses. Ens. Johnstone seized this opportunity very seasonably while

+the racers waited half one hour for his Judicial appearance before they

+could start.

+

+After secureing his Cargoe in this manner he appeared soon after the

+racers started. The horse won & the mare lost the race (which is a

+surprizing Circumstance) according [to] the prevailing constitution of

+this fort.

+

+Thursday 25th. Aprile 1771. A Barrell of Liquor, at least presumed to

+be, was Rolled over to the Suttler’s about 12 o’clock forenoon. This

+Barrell was marked Capt G. T. [George Turnbull] & rolled over by

+Donaldson [?] of the General’s Company.

+

+

+A Catalogue of Ens. Robert Johnstone of the 2d. Battl. Exploits.

+

+1. Knocked down a frenchman at Grosse pointe.

+

+2. Quarrelled with Mr. [Alexander] Baxter.

+

+3. Quarrelled with Major [Robert] Rogers, & used uncommon freedom with

+      his wife, common fame says to the extent of carnal conversation

+      with her.

+

+4th. Wounded Corpl. Johnstone of the general’s Company in the arm.

+

+5thly. Attempted to draw his sword upon Mr. [Benjamin] Frobisher for

+      which he was put under arrest.

+

+6thly. Quarrelled with & insulted Capt. [Frederick] Spiecmacher

+      [commandant, 1767-68], for which he was under arrest for five

+      months.

+

+7thly. Selling of Common Rum to the Soldiers, mixing water with it, &

+      selling it afterwards at 18. sh. York Currency pr. Gallon.

+

+8thly. Knockeing down Mr. Farrol, Barrack master, betwixt 70 & 80 Years

+      of age, on board of the Gladwin.

+

+9thly. Nonsuited at a prosecution in favours of a prostitute.

+

+10thly. Committed Felony, attempted by him & two accomplices, against

+      the person of Doctor Morison.

+

+11thly. Intended murder by Poison.

+

+12thly. Mixing four ounces of Jallap with the water boiled for Punch at

+      a publick Enter[tain]ment.

+

+13thly. Challenged Lieut. Christie, & asked him pardon without coming to

+      a tryal.

+

+14thly. Sporting with Capt. [John] Browne & Capt. Glazier’s Characters,

+      calling the last a mean, low lived, Dirty fellow.

+

+15thly. Flogged Knight, Soldier of the General’s Company, by his own

+      hand with a wooden Switch, in presence of Capt. Turnbull without

+      the benefit of a Court martial.

+

+16thly. Kicked & Cuffed Sergeants & Soldiers upon the publick Parade, to

+      which the Commanding officer was present at some of those

+      Irregularitys.

+

+17thly. Attempted to Murder William Morison, Nephew to Doctor Morison,

+      to which Capt. Turnbull, Commanding Officer, was present, with

+      many others.

+

+18thly. Kicked and Cuffed Sergt. Carlile in his own house upon a Sabbath

+      day when the garrison was at Church, & in the Scuffle hurt one of

+      his stones.

+

+19thly. Some days after that he decoyed away the Sergt’s wife, Mrs.

+      Carlile, who lived with him upwards of six weeks at Bed & board

+      &c.

+

+20thly. Vaunted he had Carnal dealings with Mrs. Oldham & three Years

+      after attempted a Rape upon her daughter betwixt 9 & 10 years of

+      age.

+

+2lst. Was put under arrest by Capt. Turnbull for the space of 24 hours

+      for Quarrelling with Maxwell the Commissary.

+

+22d. Attempted to sow Discord betwixt George McBeath and his wife to

+      whom he offered one hundred pounds &c provideing she would take up

+      with him & quit her husband.

+

+23d. Sergt. Carlile of the General’s Company Objected to Ens. Johnstone

+      as a member of a Regimental Court Martial, set upon his Accusation

+      [to] which [he] pleaded not guilty, & for certain Reasons desired

+      the benefit of a general Court martial, which was denyed him.

+

+30th May 1771. That evening after Roll Call, a Delinquent, James

+Coleman, soldier of the Lieut Colonel’s Company, sentenced to Receive

+1000 Lashes for Desertion, received near five hundred & would have

+received more had not I intervened to hinder any more proceedings as he

+was not able to endure any more.

+

+That very evening of the 30th he was ordered by the Commanding officer

+to the flogging post to receive the rest of his punishment, without

+Consulting me whether he was fit to receive them or not. He appeared

+under a file of men, in presence of the whole garrison, to undergoe that

+which he was not able to support. At that Juncture, he immediately fell

+upon his Knees & begged Capt. Turnbull to delay the rest of his

+punishment till he was more fit to undergoe them. Upon this application

+Capt. Turnbull asked my oppinion. I answered he was not fit, &

+consequently he was under the necessity of being carryed home to the

+Guard house by two soldiers of the guard.

+

+This lenity of mine in favours of the prisoner produced the following

+Garrison orders (tho’ there was no previous complaint lodged):

+

+  _Michilimackinac 31. May 1771. For the future the officer of the Day

+  will visit the men’s barracks every forenoon at 12 o’clock to see that

+  the Barracks are kept clean & that the sick or lame are regularly

+  visited by the Surgeon; when prisoners are in that situation the

+  Sergt. of the Guard will report to the officer of the day if it should

+  happen that they are not Regularly attended._

+

+The 10th of June 1771. Ens. Johnstone quarrelled with Phinehas Pond, a

+trader from New England. The dispute became very warm with high &

+insulting Expressions. At length in the height of their dispute Ens.

+Johnstone took down a brace of pistoles off the chimney brace, presented

+them to Pond at the Table, challengeing him to take up one of them,

+which Phineas Pond did directly. Ens. Johnstone in wrath desired Mr.

+Pond to give his Pistol to Mr. Howard, trader, to charge. He replyed he

+would not give his Pistol to any man to charge; upon which Pond began to

+charge his Pistol as fast as he could work. Ens. Johnstone (observeing

+that Mr. Pond was about chargeing so brisk) took hold of his own pistol

+by the barrell & pushed the butt of it violently & struck him with great

+fury in the Pit of the stomach, which staggered him surpriseingly. This

+unexpected proceeding prevented Pond from loading his Pistol, which he

+was obliged to drop & make of his hands in his own defence, which he

+plyed about so manfully that Ens. Johnstone fell flat directly upon the

+floor. Phineas Pond gave him such terrible bruiseings, black eyes &c.

+that Ens. Johnstone was obliged to keep his Room for several days, &

+tho’ this day is the 6th. since his disaster, he is not Yet recovered,

+walking about slowly with a pair of black Eyes. What the consequences of

+this uggly affair will turn out to I cannot determine.

+

+Ensign Johnstone sold Mr. [Ezekial] Solomon the Jew ninety gallons of

+common Rum June 1771. The year before he sold fifty bundles of dryed

+Venison to the said Solomon at 2 sh. & 6d for the benefit of Capt.

+Turnbull, commanding officer of this Fort.

+

+    [Illustration: “... without these expenses I must starve of cold.”]

+

+

+

+

+                                   V

+                       Monstrum Horrendum Ingens!

+

+

+    [Illustration: Flags]

+

+_With this partial quotation of a line from Virgil’s Aeneid which refers

+to the hideous one-eyed monster, Polyphemus, stumbling about after he

+had been blinded by Ulysses, Morison expresses his opinion of Captain

+Turnbull. Angered at the treatment he received from Turnbull, the

+surgeon’s mate presumably pictured his commanding officer as a monster,

+blind to the needs of his men._

+

+_George Turnbull had received his commission in the Royal Americans in

+1756 at the time this famous fighting force was being recruited “to

+avenge Braddock’s defeat.” In 1758 he had been wounded in the costly

+British attack on Ticonderoga. After the French and Indian War, Turnbull

+was promoted to captain in 1765, and before coming to Michilimackinac in

+1770 he had been the commander at Detroit for three years. While at

+Detroit he had been involved with some of the local citizens in a

+dispute over property rights on Belle Isle, but, according to the

+adventurer, Jonathan Carver, who visited Detroit in 1768, Turnbull was

+respected by the inhabitants and traders “for the propriety of his

+conduct.” This record should be borne in mind as one reads what Morison

+has to say about Turnbull._

+

+Michilamackinac July 9th. 1771. Betwixt the hours of 3 & 4 [in the]

+afternoon, Capt. Turnbull sent for me to his house upon an affair in

+which he had not the least concern. No sooner I appeared than he Opened

+upon me with Volleys of scurrilous Language (in presence of Lieut.

+Donald McAlpin of the 2d. Battn.) viz: That I was a scandalous fellow, a

+man of no principles, of a bad heart &c. lastly ordered me go out of his

+house & commanded me to keep my Distance, which I am determined

+punctually to observe.

+

+N. B.: All these Epithets (to the conviction of many) are imputations

+that more peculiarly belong _altenarly_ [alternately?] to himself when

+his character is canvassed by proper judges. If [such things as]

+Oppression, Detraction, Melediction, Violence, fornication, adultery,

+breach of Sabbath, tradeing, selling of common rum, Molasses, Wine,

+Spirits &c., Supporting a Suttlery in which he himself is principally

+[interested], which is Diametrically opposed to a Military Character,

+[be considered], he himself is justly entitled to these Epithets &

+imputations which cannot be attended with much difficulty to prove. Upon

+these considerations I left his house, whose dirt I shook off from my

+feet & left the Dirt where I found it. Monstrum horrendum Ingens!

+

+The 26th. augst. 1771. Sent the weekly return by my servt. as I happened

+to be sick on that morning. Capt. Turnbull enquired of my servt. what my

+sickness was. My servt. answered, it was a severe attack of the

+Rheumatism to which I was subject. The Commandant asked my servt. if he

+could cure me. My servt. replyed he would if he could. After many

+frivolous questions of this nature, he at last ask[ed] him what did he

+think I deserved, to which my servt. Replyed, he did not know, “but Sure

+I am Sir, my master deserves well at my hands.”

+

+Upon Tuesday the 17th. Sept. 1771. Capt. Turnbull after Roll Call sent

+the Sergeant Major to acquaint me he wanted to speak to me. Accordingly

+I appeared. Then Capt. Turnbull in presence of Lieut. Christie, Ens.

+Graham and Ens. Strickland asked how I came to move to another house

+without his leave, & I answered that I thought there was no necessity of

+giveing any trouble to him for removeing to good Quarters, which I hired

+for the Winter as there was no possibility of liveing for the Winter in

+that house Which he ordered me to, May last; especially as both of them

+were the property of traders in this place & tho’ I applyed to him last

+fall for a Room in the officers’ Barracks, as there was one Vacant then,

+as he did not grant this I thought I had a Right to provide myself the

+best I could.

+

+He told me [that] tho’ I have been so long in the army I made a[s] great

+progress in the knowledge of my duty as I did in that of my profession,

+meaning in which I appeared to be equally ignorant. (So far according to

+the Sultan.)

+

+“I suppose,” says he, “You want I should put You into arrest, that You

+may be exempted from Your duty. But,” continued he, “I will not do You

+that Honnour. You are not worth my Notice. I hope You will not give me

+the trouble to provide a Room to provide for You next summer.”

+

+I told him I’d give him as little trouble as possible and that I’d

+endeavour [to do] the best I could for myself, tho’ at the same time I

+beged leave to observe that I thought (while I continued to act in the

+King’s Service) I had a right to a room in the King’s barracks, which

+benefit was never granted me during his incumbency. He Replyed he did

+not chuse to hear any more upon the Subject, and ordered me to be gone,

+which I did quietly, in presence of the abovesaid gentlemen.

+

+N. B.: When upon application last fall to Capt. Turnbull for a Room in

+the King’s Barracks, which he did not grant, I then applyed to him if he

+would please speak to influence Mr. Cardin to give me his house for last

+winter. He gave himself not the least trouble about the matter, in

+consequence of which I was necessitated to provide for myself. [I]

+obtained the house from Mr. Cardin, where I lodged Comfortably last

+winter. As I was obliged to pass the winters preceeding most wretchedly

+in old houses, not habitable, notwithstanding of my Disbursements on

+many repeated reparations, such as thatching with Bark, Claying &c, as

+without these expenses I must starve of cold & every shower of rain

+[came] in upon me, as also snow drift[ed in] from every quarter when the

+wind blew high.

+

+Upon Sunday the 1st December 1771. The officer of the day was ordered to

+place Centrys at different corners of the Garrison upon four or five

+houses, upon suspicion they smuggled some common rum to entertain

+them[selves] at such a particular Season, as one of the Sub-Suttlers did

+not Chuse to sell or had orders [not] to sell under a Dollar each quart.

+

+A soldier and his wife with his Children [were] ordered to their

+barracks, tho’ there was not a drop [of] liquor found in his house. The

+officer of the day upon entring the room of Fiddler, one of the Royal

+Artillery, who was enjoying himself with one of his Comrades in garrison

+[with some rum] which he had purchassed from the Sub-Suttler. [The

+bottle of rum] was broke to pieces [by the officer] which put a stop to

+the entertainment tho’ they were all quite sober.

+

+All this is supposed to proceed from the orders of the grand Suttler

+[Captain Turnbull], who did not Chuse that any individual should

+interfere in diminishing the grist which has been a long time now

+comeing into his Mill & which he wants to keep agoing for his own

+particular private interest.

+

+December 15th. Mr. Harise, the interpreter, was committed to the common

+guard-house by Capt. Turnbull where he remained from eight o’Clock in

+the afternoon till ten next morning, for beating of a trader’s _Engagee_

+[an _engagé_, one of the French boatmen who were hired to paddle the

+traders’ canoes], tho’ many Circumstances of the most Extravagant

+enormitys have been overlooked in this odious garrison during Capt.

+Turnbull’s Incumbency.

+

+Ensign Strickland [was] put under arrest by Capt. Turnbull’s order for

+useing Sergt. Lewis ill upon his Guard, & the said Ensign continued

+under his arrest untill he made proper Condescensions to the Sergt. &

+Yet Ensign Johnstone would not be put under arrest by Captain Turnbull

+(tho’ properly applyed to) for shedding the blood of a gentleman more

+usefull to the King’s service in garrison, more than both, which can be

+proven to a Demonstration, time & place Convenient.

+

+N. B.: July 2d. 1772. I have now [served] going on four years here, &

+during that period of time have neither received wood, nor chairs,

+table, tongs, Dogirons, pockers, &c. from the Barrack master nor any

+lodgeing in the King’s Barracks or from the King, notwithstanding my

+frequent applications, but was obliged to Lodge in old french Houses,

+not habitable, at a Vast Expense out of my Pay, by Plastering, thatching

+&c. to preserve myself from the Inclemency of the Winter Season, which

+is generally very intense here, and which continues upon average about

+the space of eight months.

+

+Notwithstanding so badly was I used, on account of provideing of

+aforesaid lodgeings, haveing not beforehand informed Capt. Turnbull of

+my intention of providing said Lodgeing for hire, he sent a Sergeant for

+me to [attend] the Publick parade, where to my surprise in presence of

+the officers of the Garrison & others he gave me very abusive &

+Scandalous Language, unbecomeing the Expressions of a gentleman, & when

+offering to speak in my own Defence, I was ordered Silence! & that he

+desired for the future I should give him no more trouble about

+Lodgeings. [He] ordered me about my business, that he would not put me

+under arrested as he knew that was what I wanted, but would not do me

+that Honnour. I was not worth his notice.

+

+N. B.: Ensign Strickland & Ens. Graham were put under arrest for

+differences subsisting among them at his house, which Capt. Turnbull

+approved of till their differences were settled.

+

+

+

+

+                               Conclusion

+

+

+    [Illustration: Musket and saber]

+

+_Daniel Morison’s journal ends at this point. After July 2, 1772, we

+lose sight of the unhappy surgeon’s mate. It appears at least that he

+did not remain much longer at the Straits for later that year the

+various units of the Second Battalion of the Royal Americans were

+assembled from Niagara, Fort Michilimackinac, and other frontier posts

+and shipped off to serve in the balmier climate of the West Indies._

+

+_Captain Turnbull retired from the army in 1775 by selling his

+commission, but some of the others who had served at Michilimackinac

+remained with the Royal Americans and fought in the Revolutionary War.

+Turnbull’s predecessor as commandant, Beamsley Glazier, distinguished

+himself in the fighting around Savannah, Georgia, in 1779, by leading

+three companies of the Royal Americans in a fierce charge which drove

+the American and French forces into headlong retreat and caused the

+Allies to lift their siege of the British troops in the city. Ensign

+Johnson’s erstwhile comrade-in-arms, John Christie, fought gallantly in

+1780 at Mobile in a futile effort to beat off a Spanish attack on that

+port. Christie thereby redeemed his reputation which had been badly

+tarnished by his premature surrender to the Indians when he was in

+command of a fort at present-day Erie, Pennsylvania, in 1763._

+

+_Many changes took place at Michilimackinac after 1772, so many, in

+fact, that John Askin, an old-time resident, in 1778 wrote to Thomas

+McMurray, apparently the former acting sergeant-major who had retired to

+a business in Montreal, that he would scarcely recognize the post any

+more. In place of the drafty old houses, such as the ones Morison had

+lived in, the people, Askin reported, were “now building tolerable good

+ones.”_

+

+_The fort also had a new surgeon’s mate—another Scotsman, David

+Mitchell. Unlike his compatriot Morison, Mitchell adjusted very well to

+the rough conditions of life on the fur-trading frontier. He married a

+Chippewa woman, and when his regiment was transferred elsewhere he

+received special permission to stay on as surgeon’s mate so that his

+wife would not be separated from her people. He remained in the area in

+various capacities until his death in 1830. By then old Fort

+Michilimackinac had been abandoned for a half century and only a few

+ruins sticking out of the sand reminded the occasional visitor of the

+colorful days of the 1760’s and 1770’s._

+

+    [Illustration: Michilimackinac Restored]

+

+

+

+

+                                Appendix

+

+

+    [Illustration: Drum]

+

+_Historians recently discovered in the Frederick Haldimand Papers of the

+British Museum in London a document which sheds additional light on the

+obscure life of Daniel Morison. The document is a petition written by

+Morison to Frederick Haldimand in Quebec. The document is undated._

+

+_To His Excellency Frederick Haldimand Captain General and Governor in

+Chief in and over His Majestys Province of Quebec, and the Territories

+depending thereon, in America, Vice Admiral of the same, General and

+Commander in Chief of His Majestys Forces, in the said Province and the

+Frontiers thereof etc, etc, etc._

+

+_The Memorial of Daniel Morrison Humbly Sheweth That your Excellency’s

+Memorialist was appointed surgeon to six independent Companies raised in

+Scotland in the Year 1746, and reduced in two Years thereafter, That in

+the year following he was appointed surgeon’s Mate to Lord Loudon’s

+Highland Regiment soon afterwards reduced; That in the year 1757 he came

+to America as Mate to Lieut. Colonel Frasor’s Regt. That during the

+Winter 1760, he Passed an examination as surgeon, and received that

+appointment to the 35th Regiment from His Excellency General Murray,

+which the then Commander in Chief did not confirm, That at the reduction

+of the 78th Regiment of Foot he was appointed surgeon’s mate to the 2d

+Battallion of the 60th Regiment in which he had the Honor to serve

+untill the Regiment was ordered for the West Indies where he Could not

+attend them, on account of His health And that during the Blockade of

+this City in 1775 he carried Arms, which extraordinary last Fatigue

+reduced his health and strength still lower. He now most humbly Pray

+Your Excellency’s attention to the length and nature of his Services,

+and to his advanced time of life, and that you will be pleased to honour

+him with some marke of your Favour, and your Memorialist as in duty

+bound Shall ever pray—DAN MORISON SURGEON_

+

+_British Museum, Haldimand Papers, ADD Manuscript 21,877, p. 440_

+

+

+

+

+                                 Index

+

+

+    [Illustration: Flags]

+

+

+                                   A

+  ADAMS, Private Henry, 24

+  ASKIN, John, 47

+

+

+                                      B

+  BALFOUR, Captain Henry, 5-6

+  Barracks, 35, 38

+  Barracks, Officers’, 25, 43

+  BAXTER, Alexander, 36

+  Billiard room, 26

+  Black hole, 24

+  British Museum, 48

+  BROWNE, Captain John, 36

+  BURGY, Christian, 15-17, 23

+  BURRENT, John, 18

+  BURTON, Clarence, 6

+  Burton Historical Collection, 6

+

+

+                                      C

+  CARDIN, Mr.’s house, Morison stays at, 43-44

+  Carioling, 30

+  CARLILE, Mrs. Thomas,

+      discovered with Johnson, 23;

+      lives with Johnson, 25-26, 37;

+      returns to husband, 29-31

+  CARLILE, Sergeant Thomas,

+      discovers Johnson with his wife, 23;

+      seeks redress against Johnson, 24, 26;

+      court-martialed, 29-32, 37;

+      attacked by Johnson, 37

+  Children, 35, 37, 44

+  CHINN, John, 11;

+      assaults Morison, 13-18, 21, 22, 23

+  Chippewa Indians, 6

+  CHRISTIE, Lieutenant John, 12, 16;

+      presides over Carlile’s court-martial, 30;

+      challenged by Johnson, 36, 43, 46-47

+  Church, soldiers worship, 23, 24

+  COLEMAN, Private James, receives 1000 lashes, 37-38

+  Commissary, 27

+  Courts-martial, 30-31, 36

+

+

+                                      D

+  DESERTION, 37

+  Dogs, attacked by Johnson, 24

+  Drinking at Michilimackinac, 12-14, 21, 44

+  Duel, Johnson challenges Pond to, 38

+

+

+                                      F

+  FARROL, Mr., 36

+  FIDDLER, Mr., member of Royal Artillery, 44

+  Flogging, 26, 33, 37-38

+  FORBES, John, servant to Morison,

+      defends Morison, 14-18, 21;

+      struck by Johnson, 24;

+      takes return to Turnbull, 42

+  FRASOR, Lieut. Colonel, 48

+  FROBISHER, Benjamin, 8, 18, 36

+  Furnishings, 45

+

+

+                                      G

+  _GLADWIN_, 36

+  GLAZIER, Captain Beamsley, 16, 36, 46

+  GRAHAM, Ensign, 43, 45

+  GRANT, Lieutenant Allan, 18

+  Guard Duty, 23, 38, 44

+  Guard House, 22, 24, 25, 31, 38, 44

+

+

+                                      H

+  HALDIMAND, General Frederick, 48

+  HARISE, Mr., interpreter, 27, 44

+  Horse racing, 35

+  Horses, 30, 35

+  Houses at Michilimackinac, 43-45

+

+

+                                      J

+  JOHNSON, Ensign Robert, 8, 11-12;

+      assaults Morison, 13-18, 21-27;

+      assaults Private Walker, 22-23;

+      with Carlile’s wife, 23-24;

+      attacks dog, 24;

+      lives with Mrs. Carlile, 25-26;

+      trades rum, 26, 35;

+      orders Carlile court-martialed, 29-32;

+      illicit relationships, 35;

+      judges horse race, 35;

+      catalog of misdeeds, 36-37;

+      fights with Pond, 38-39

+  JOHNSTONE, Corporal, 36

+

+

+                                      K

+  KNIGHT, Private, flogged, 26, 36

+

+

+                                      L

+  LANGLADE, Charles, 5

+  LEWIS, Sergeant, 44

+  LOUDON, Lord, Highland Regiment, 48

+

+

+                                      M

+  McALPIN, Lieutenant Donald, 42

+  McBEATH, George, 8, 21, 26, 37

+  McBEATH, Mrs. George, complains about Johnson, 25, 37

+  McGANN, Sergeant, 31

+  McGILL, James, 11

+  McLEAN, Private, 26

+  MacMURRAY, Sergeant Thomas, 12, 15, 18, 21;

+      struck by Johnson, 24, 26, 31-32, 47

+  McPHERSON, Sergeant, 21-22;

+  struck by Johnson, 24

+  MAIN, George, 13, 16, 21, 25, 26

+  MAXWELL, William, post commissary, 12, 15-18, 21;

+      tries to stop attack against William Morison, 26-27;

+      quarrels with Johnson, 27, 37

+  MAY, Sergeant, struck by Johnson, 24-25

+  Medical treatment, 21-22, 22-23, 37-38

+  MITCHELL, David, 47

+  MORISON, Charles, 16, 21

+  MORISON, Daniel, 6-9, 11-12;

+      house broken into, 12-18;

+      treats McPherson, 21-22;

+      sees Todd, 22;

+      refuses invitation to Burgy’s house, 23;

+      Johnson abuses, 36;

+      intervenes in flogging, 37-38;

+      to visit sick in barracks, 38;

+      ill with rheumatism, 42;

+      disputes with Turnbull over quarters, 42-43;

+      journal ends, 46;

+      petition and biographical data, 48

+  MORISON, William, 19, 25;

+      beaten by Johnson, 26-27, 37

+  MURRAY, General, 48

+

+

+                                      N

+  NORDBERG, Lieutenant John, 16

+  North West Company, 11

+

+

+                                      O

+  OAKS, Forrest, 11;

+      assaults Morison, 12-18, 21, 22

+  OLDHAM, Mrs., 35, 37

+

+

+                                      P

+  Parade, 24, 37, 45

+  POND, Phineas, 33;

+      fights with Johnson, 38-39

+  Prostitution, 36

+  Punishment, 26, 33, 37-38

+

+

+                                      Q

+  QUEBEC, 48

+

+

+                                      R

+  RACING, 35

+  ROGERS, Elizabeth, 33, 36

+  ROGERS, Major Robert, 12, 33, 36

+  ROGERS, Private, 26

+  Rogers’ Rangers, 5

+  Roll call, 42

+  ROSS, Arthur, 18, servant to Robert Johnson, 26, 35

+  Royal American Regiment, see Sixtieth Regiment of Foot

+  Royal Artillery, 44

+  Rum trading,

+      by Johnson, 26, 35, 36, 39;

+      by Turnbull, 36, 42, 44;

+      suspicion of smuggling, 44

+

+

+                                      S

+  SAVAGE, Mrs. John, 25

+  SAVAGE, Private John, Johnson puts in guard house, 25

+  Scotland, 48

+  Servants,

+      John Forbes, servant to Daniel Morison, 14-18, 21-23, 24, 42;

+      Arthur Ross servant to Robert Johnson, 26, 35

+  Seventy-Eighth Regiment of Foot, 48

+  Sixtieth Regiment of Foot, 6, 12, 48

+  SOLOMON, Ezekiel, 39

+  SPIECMACHER, Captain Frederick, 36

+  Spruce beer, 23

+  STRICKLAND, Ensign John, 13, 16, 17;

+      orders Carlile confined, 30;

+      races horse, 35, 43;

+      arrested, 44-45

+  Surgeon’s mate, 6, 9, 48

+  Sutlers house, 35-36, 42

+

+

+                                      T

+  TAILOR at Michilimackinac, 25

+  Thirty-Fifth Regiment of Foot, 48

+  TODD, Isaac, 8, 11, 12;

+      defends Morison, 13-18, 22

+  Traders at the fort,

+      Benjamin Frobisher, 8, 18, 36;

+      George McBeath, 8, 21, 26, 37;

+      Isaac Todd, 8, 11, 12, 13-18, 22;

+      John Chinn, 11, 13-18, 21, 22, 23;

+      Forest Oaks, 11, 12-18, 21, 22;

+      Henry Williams, 21;

+      Phineas Pond, 33, 38-39;

+      Ezekiel Solomon, 39;

+      John Askin, 47

+  TURNBULL, Captain George, 8;

+      witnesses assault, 22-23;

+      Carlile appeals to, 24, 26;

+      dines with Johnson and Mrs. Carlile, 26;

+      witnesses Johnson attack William Morison, 26-27;

+      approves judgment against Carlile, 30;

+      erases judgment against Carlile, 31;

+      observes flogging and beatings, 36-37;

+      arrests Johnson, 37;

+      allows James Coleman to recuperate before receiving rest of

+          punishment, 37-38;

+      benefits from trade, 39;

+      severely criticized by Morison, 41-45;

+      biographical data, 46-47

+

+

+                                      V

+  VARINGON, Lieutenant, 18

+  Violence,

+      perpetuated against Daniel Morison, 12-18;

+      attempted rape, 35, 37;

+      catalog of Robert Johnson’s misdeeds, 36-38;

+      voyageur beaten, 44

+

+

+                                      W

+  WALKER, Private, 22

+  West Indies, 46, 48

+  WILLIAMS, Henry, 21

+  Women,

+      Mrs. Thomas Carlile, 23, 25-26, 29-31, 37;

+      Mrs. George McBeath, 25, 37;

+      Mrs. John Savage, 25;

+      Mrs. Elizabeth Rogers, 33, 36;

+      Mrs. Oldham, 35, 37

+  Worship services, 23, 24

+

+

+    An innocent evening’s entertainment ends in a wild brawl and an

+                          attempted murder ...

+

+     A judge arrives late to a horse race because he has been busy

+                           smuggling rum ...

+

+ The court-martial of a sergeant charged with being disrespectful to an

+       officer who was cavorting with the sergeant’s own wife ...

+

+  These are a few of the strange but always fascinating events related

+by Dr. Daniel Morison in the journal he kept from 1769 to 1772 while he

+              was surgeon’s mate at Fort Michilimackinac.

+

+  Editing and interpreting this authentic and uncensored 18th-century

+document, never before published in its entirety, is Dr. George S. May,

+    former research archivist of the Michigan Historical Commission.

+    Illustrating the text is the well-known artist, Dirk Gringhuis.

+

+    [Illustration: Mackinac State Historic Parks]

+

+

+

+

+                          Transcriber’s Notes

+

+

+—Silently corrected a few typos, but left the good doctor’s unique

+  spellings unchanged.

+

+—Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook

+  is public-domain in the country of publication.

+

+—In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by

+  _underscores_.

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+End of Project Gutenberg's The Doctor's Secret Journal, by Daniel Morison

+

+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE DOCTOR'S SECRET JOURNAL ***

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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Doctor's Secret Journal, by Daniel Morison

+

+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most

+other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions

+whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of

+the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at

+www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have

+to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.

+

+Title: The Doctor's Secret Journal

+

+Author: Daniel Morison

+

+Editor: George Smith May

+

+Release Date: August 30, 2018 [EBook #57817]

+

+Language: English

+

+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

+

+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE DOCTOR'S SECRET JOURNAL ***

+

+

+

+

+Produced by Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed

+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net

+

+

+

+

+

+

+    [Illustration: PAGES FROM THE ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPT AS WRITTEN BY

+    DANIEL MORISON, SURGEON'S MATE 2ND BATTALION, 60TH REGIMENT FORT

+    MICHILIMACKINAC 1769-1772]

+

+    [Illustration: "... swore by a bloody oath he would come with a

+    Hatchet and pull down my house."]

+

+

+

+

+                             _the_ DOCTOR'S

+                            _Secret Journal_

+

+

+                 _by_ DANIEL MORISON, _Surgeon's Mate_

+

+                       _Edited by George S. May_

+

+    [Illustration: Inkwell and pen]

+

+                    _Illustrated by Dirk Cringhuis_

+

+    [Illustration: MACKINAC STATE HISTORIC PARKS]

+

+                     Mackinac State Historic Parks

+                       Mackinac Island, Michigan

+

+                           ISBN-0911872-05-1

+

+    [Illustration: Private

+    BRITISH 60th FOOT    ROYAL AMERICANS]

+

+          Copyright � 1960 by The Fort Mackinac Division Press

+ Printed in the United States of America by Harlo Printing Co., Detroit

+                                Michigan

+                   Third Printing, 1969 15,000 copies

+                  Fourth Printing, 1974 15,000 copies

+                   Fifth Printing, 1984 10,000 copies

+                   Sixth Printing, 1993 5,000 copies

+       Seventh Printing, 2001 3,000 soft cover--1,500 hard bound

+

+

+

+

+                              Introduction

+

+

+    [Illustration: Cannon]

+

+_On September 28, 1761, a year after France's vast North American empire

+had been surrendered to the British at Montreal, Canada, the flag of

+Great Britain was raised over Fort Michilimackinac, far to the west at

+what is now Mackinaw City, Michigan. A force under Major Robert Rogers,

+leader of the almost legendary Rogers' Rangers, had reached Detroit in

+1760 and had taken control of that post, but the coming of winter had

+compelled the British to wait until the following year to take over the

+other French outposts in the upper Great Lakes._

+

+_Although Major Rogers later was to serve as commanding officer at

+Michilimackinac, the red-coated troops who marched into the little

+stockaded fort on the south shore of the straits connecting Lake Huron

+and Lake Michigan were commanded by Captain Henry Balfour. He found that

+the French garrison had departed for the west months before, leaving the

+fort in charge of Charles Langlade, a native of the area who had fought

+brilliantly on the French side during the French and Indian War. Balfour

+was greeted by several enterprising Englishmen who had gotten a head

+start in the race to gain control of the lucrative fur trade which for

+so long had been monopolized by French traders at Michilimackinac._

+

+_After accepting the fort's formal surrender and before leaving for the

+west, Balfour detailed a small force from the famous Royal American or

+60th Regiment to remain as the garrison. Two years later, during the

+great Indian uprising of 1763, fierce Chippewa warriors massacred over

+half of the soldiers and temporarily drove the British out. But within a

+year they returned in greater numbers, and from then until 1781, when it

+was abandoned for a new, more easily defended post on Mackinac Island,

+Fort Michilimackinac was one of the key links in the chain of military

+and trading posts which Great Britain maintained on the western frontier

+of its American colonies._

+

+_Among those who came to the fort in the late 1760's was a Scotsman,

+Daniel Morison, surgeon's mate in the Royal Americans' Second Battalion.

+Of his life before and after his tour of duty at Fort Michilimackinac we

+know nothing. Under ordinary circumstances we would agree with one of

+Morison's commanding officers who told him bluntly, "You are not worth

+my Notice." But Morison is worth our attention because between 1769 and

+1772 he kept a journal in which he set down in language that is often

+unintentionally hilarious and at other times brutally frank the best

+account that we have of life at this outpost of European civilization._

+

+_This important historical document, now published for the first time in

+its entirety, was purchased in 1914 by the great collector of materials

+relating to the history of Michigan and the Old Northwest, Clarence M.

+Burton, who bought it from a book seller in London, England, for $55. He

+brought the journal back to the state in which it was written where it

+now rests in the Burton Historical Collection of the Detroit Public

+Library._

+

+_Dr. Morison's journal provides us with a picture of the English

+population of the fort, a people beset by violence, lawlessness,

+tyrannical officers, petty bickering, and assorted other problems. A

+reading of the journal should dispel any romantic notions of what

+conditions were like at an eighteenth-century frontier fort._

+

+_The inhabitants of Michilimackinac consisted of several groups. There

+were the soldiers, numbering around a hundred men. A few of them, we

+learn from Morison, had brought out their wives. The commanding

+officer's house was the most impressive of the thirty-odd wooden

+buildings located within the stockade. The other officers lived in

+various cabins in the fort, as did the rank and file of the troops until

+1769 when a large barracks was constructed in the center of the fort.

+Dr. Morison's complaints about the poor quality of the housing are

+supported by statements of others who commented on the ramshackle

+construction which necessitated constant repairs and made the danger of

+fire an ever-present fear._

+

+_As a military fort Michilimackinac was scarcely adequate even to

+withstand the attacks of Indians. The post was maintained, however,

+because it was a convenient center of the fur trade. The small garrison,

+with its six-pound and nine-pound cannon mounted on the bastions, was

+enough to impress the Indians who lived in the vicinity and those who

+gathered here each summer with the reality of British armed might. This

+symbol of military power protected the English fur traders who made up

+the second, and most important, segment of the fort's population._

+

+_By 1767 Michilimackinac had become for the British as it had been for

+the French the headquarters for the fur trade of a fourth of the

+continent. Canoes were sent out from here loaded with trade goods to be

+exchanged for furs at distant Indian villages located in the uncharted

+wilderness north and west of Lake Superior, westward across the

+Mississippi, and southward to the Illinois country. For two or three

+months in the summer hundreds of _voyageurs_ and traders came back from

+the west, bringing in the furs they had gathered during the previous

+year or two. Like the lumberjacks of a later era, these men were bent on

+enjoying to the fullest degree their brief contact with the comforts of

+civilization before they returned to the west to barter for more furs._

+

+_A few traders who had acquired sufficient means to enable them to hire

+others to do the actual trading remained here the year round and

+occupied cabins in the fort. These Michilimackinac traders, men like

+Benjamin Frobisher, Isaac Todd, George McBeath, and others not mentioned

+by Morison, together with their agents or partners in Montreal who

+obtained the trade goods and sold the furs, dominated the fur trade for

+decades._

+

+_From Morison's narrative we see that the officers and the traders

+permanently in residence at the fort formed an elite group. It is

+obvious that the French _habitants_ and half-breeds who comprised a

+third part of the fort's population, not to mention the Indians of the

+area, were not admitted to this exclusive social club. That the strain

+of being cooped up in the small fort, cut off from all contact with the

+outside world for over half the year, proved too much for some of the

+members of this clique, especially the bachelors, is also obvious._

+

+_Equally apparent is the fact that Dr. Morison, poor man, was unsuited

+to withstand the rigors of life at this post. He was apparently an

+educated man who could quote accurately from Virgil's _Aeneid_, and a

+man of refinement and sensitivity. To some of the cruder members of the

+English set he must have seemed an easy target and a source of amusement

+when life became too dull and the bowls of toddy ran dry. Feeling

+himself much persecuted, as he certainly was, and outraged by the

+injustices of which he and others were the victims, Dr. Morison fumed,

+but, with a few exceptions, as when he refused to permit the whipping of

+a soldier to continue, he lacked the courage necessary to stand up to

+his oppressors. So, like Lieutenant Maryk in _The Caine Mutiny_, who

+kept a secret log on the activities of his sick captain, Dr. Morison

+recorded in his journal the evidence which he no doubt hoped would some

+day enable him to bring Ensign Robert Johnson, Captain George Turnbull,

+and his other tormentors to justice._

+

+_Actually, Dr. Morison probably was not a doctor at all. He was a

+surgeon's mate, which means that he may once have been an apprentice to

+a surgeon and that he may have taken a course or two at a medical school

+but that it is unlikely he ever graduated since had he done so he would

+not have been simply a mate. The professional ability of the British

+army surgeon's mate was of a notoriously low order, and, if we may

+believe one of the Royal Americans' regimental surgeons, Daniel Morison

+was no exception in this respect. Surgeons were scarce, however, and a

+small frontier garrison, even when, as at Michilimackinac, it had been

+plagued by much sickness, had to be satisfied with the services of a

+mate. Unlike the surgeon, who was commissioned by the king, the

+surgeon's mate was only a warrant officer appointed by the colonel of

+the regiment. The mate, therefore, was inferior in rank even to the

+ensign, the lowest of the commissioned officers. This was undoubtedly

+the source of many of Morison's problems. He claimed the title of doctor

+and demanded equal status with the officers, who, for their part,

+treated him as they would a common soldier._

+

+_Comments added at the end of the manuscript in a different handwriting

+indicate that someone in England who possessed Morison's journal in the

+nineteenth century intended to publish it in a magazine. No evidence has

+been found that this was done. In preparing the journal for publication

+we have ignored the numerous changes that this earlier editor made in

+the document and have retained Morison's own phraseology at all times,

+including the misspelled words and grammatical construction so typical

+of his age. The narrative has been broken into five parts, and

+paragraphing and punctuation has been supplied at some places in the

+interest of easier reading. Material within brackets has been inserted

+by the present editor._

+

+                                                         _GEORGE S. MAY_

+

+  _Lansing, Michigan_

+  _March 6, 1960_

+

+    [Illustration: "Doctor, damn your blood, get up & give us a bowl of

+    Toddy!"]

+

+

+

+

+                                   I

+                 An Entertainment and a Violent Assault

+

+

+    [Illustration: Musket and saber]

+

+_Dr. Morison begins his journal innocently enough with an account of a

+party which he and others gave in the fall of 1769. Among the other

+hosts was Isaac Todd, who later helped found the great Canadian

+fur-trading firm, the North West Company, and whose long-time partner,

+James McGill, endowed McGill University in Montreal. The party began to

+get out of hand with the arrival of a couple of rowdy traders--John

+Chinn, who is best remembered as a partner in an unsuccessful

+copper-mining venture in Michigan's Upper Peninsula, and Forrest Oaks,

+who was a prominent fur trader at Michilimackinac and later at Montreal

+for a number of years after 1769._

+

+_Morison, who seems to have been something of a name-dropper, mentions

+as he goes along other men who are familiar to students of the fur trade

+and British military history. But all of them are dwarfed by Ensign

+Robert Johnson, who crashed Morison's party and soon turned the evening

+into a nightmare. Johnson (which is apparently how he spelled his name,

+although Morison insists on calling him Johnstone) is the villain of

+Morison's journal, a scoundrel and bully whom we come almost to admire

+for the infinite variety of ways in which he gave vent to his evil

+nature._

+

+_He had been deeply involved in the Robert Rogers affair which had

+rocked the little community at Michilimackinac two years before. Johnson

+was in Detroit in the fall of 1767 where he had gone for the treatment

+of an injury when a messenger from British military headquarters for

+North America arrived with orders to place Major Rogers, commandant at

+Michilimackinac, under arrest on suspicion of treason. Johnson brought

+these orders back to the Straits, and it was Lieutenant John Christie,

+an officer who also figures prominently in Morison's journal, who

+arrested Rogers. Johnson later asked to be given charge of the detail

+that took Rogers to Montreal for trial, boasting that he would foil any

+attempt that might be made to set Rogers free. However, when Rogers was

+acquitted, those who had hoped to see him convicted charged that the

+prosecution's case had been fatally weakened by Johnson's testimony

+which had enabled the defense to show that Rogers had been mistreated

+while he was a prisoner. Such mistreatment would be in keeping with the

+picture of Johnson's character which emerges from a reading of Dr.

+Morison's journal._

+

+

+Narrative of an Action of Burglary and felony perpetrated on the

+Dwelling House & person of Daniel Morison, Surgeon's mate of the 2d.

+Battn. 60th Regt. at Michilamackinac the Seventh day of November (about

+5 Oclock in the morning) in the Year one thousand seven hundred & sixty

+nine, Vizt:

+

+That the evening before being the sixth of November, Isaac Todd,

+merchant, William Maxwell, commissary of provisions & I proposed to give

+an Entertainment at Sergt. [Thomas] MacMurrays to which we Severally

+invited such people as we thought (in such a remote corner) qualified to

+make the evening pass agreeably. Accordingly we met, and everything was

+carryed on with the greatest Decency & innocent Mirth till John Chinn &

+Forrest Oaks, traders, joined us.

+

+After drinking a glass round, John Chinn (who appeared to be the worse

+of liquor) before & at supper began to be troublesome, opened upon me

+with Volleys of ragged raillery (without the least provocation on my

+side) and that blended with Opprobrious Expressions, namely, that I was

+an officer in the Rebellion &c. in the Year 1745 [the abortive Scottish

+attempt to place Bonnie Prince Charlie on the British throne], which

+tho' I knew was an arrant untruth, did not think it prudent to make the

+proper answer his wrongious Assertions deserved, [but] waved it off in

+the smoothest manner, lest the Company should be disturbed.

+Notwithstanding, our merriment was in a great measure unhinged, as the

+said John Chinn's only pleasure consisted chiefly in being officious, by

+hobb or nobbing with everyone [who] would chuse to drink with him, &

+indeed importunely pouring perpetually in upon those who did not chuse

+to drink more than would do them good.

+

+About the hour of eleven o'clock, Ens. Robert Johnstone (who for ought I

+know invited himself) came in, accompanied by Ens. John Strickland & Mr.

+[George] Main. We continued thus till about one O'clock in the morning,

+when Numbers of our Company thought proper to retire. I proposed

+retiring also, but Isaac Todd insisted upon my spending one hour or two

+more with them. Rather than disoblige I consented.

+

+About half one hour after, Ens. Johnstone asked the Company how their

+punch pleased them. They answered, well enough. Then he, the said Ens.

+Johnstone, blabbed out publickly, Vauntingly & wantonly, he had mingled

+four ounces of Jallap [a purgative] with the water that was a boiling

+for proportioning the Punch & Sangary [wine spiced and diluted with

+water]. This giddy Declaration, instead of meeting with approbation,

+occasioned the interjection of one universal sneer. I said nothing tho'

+I perfectly knew such irregular proceedings could not be intended for

+good. Therefore I silently winked over it, as others did; at the same

+time took particular notice that Ens. Johnstone drank nothing but wine

+all the night over.

+

+John Chinn and Forrest Oaks, who left the Company about one o'clock,

+seemingly fuddled, returned to the charge one hour & one half

+thereafter. The abovesaid John Chinn appeared to be as unruly as ever.

+In short, conversation became very insipid. Drinking was the principal

+amusement, varnished over with various inconsistencys. At length time

+dragged on very heavily. Consequently [I] excused myself to be away,

+pleading the part I had to act in regard to my department. Upon which

+John Chinn swore by a bloody Oath he would come with a Hatchet and pull

+down my house, if I did not stay a little longer. To palliate this

+foolish menace, I thought it prudent to humour, [rather] than exasperate

+[him] on that Occasion.

+

+[I] continued in [his] company till about four o'clock, then sheered off

+quietly not imagineing he would persist in his folly. [I] went to bed

+without dread or fear, as I gave no other plausible offense except what

+my absence suggested to them. But the Sequel will evidently discover the

+Maliciousness of their perverse intentions, for about five o'clock in

+the morning the seventh of November abovesaid, the door of my house was

+forcibly broke open, one plank of the Door-leaf, bars, bolt &c. pulled

+down to the floor. Upon entering my Room they also broke down my stove

+which was strongly made of bricks, clay & lime. This unwarrantable deed

+was principally perpetrated by Ens. Robert Johnstone of the 2d Battn. &

+Oaks the trader.

+

+So fast was I asleep [that I] knew nothing of these violent proceedings

+untill Oaks Surprized me out of a profound sleep, tumbling in roughly in

+my bed [and] bawling loudly, "Doctor, Doctor, damn your blood, get up &

+give us a bowl of Toddy, other wise You'll repent it."

+

+I wakened as out of a dream. He, the said Oaks' next question was if I

+had my durk by my bed-side. I answered, "Never in time of peace." Upon

+this I called to my servant John Forbes to light a candle, which was no

+sooner done, & set upon the table at my bed side after my servant

+retired to the kitchen, then the said Ens. Johnstone kicked down &

+overturned the table, candle, candlestick, &c., topsy turvy in great

+wrath.

+

+"Is this You, Ens. Johnstone," says I, "who behaves so rudely."

+

+"You ly," he says, "I am a gentleman."

+

+I made answer that his rude behavior betrayed the contrary in the eyes

+of good men.

+

+Then he swore bloodily in the height of Rage, he would shew me that he

+was a gentleman & immediately fell upon, attacked & pelted me violently

+in my naked bed, he & his abbettor Oaks. The room being dark all my

+attempts of defence were rendered ineffectual by Oaks's exerting his

+outmost strength to entangle me in my sheets & bed-Cloathes out of which

+I struggled to extricate myself like a fish entangled in a net. They

+pelted me pell-mell with incessant blows repeatedly, on the face, left

+breast, &c., to the Effusion of my blood. Before I could recover myself

+out of the jeopardy into which I was involved, my shirt, sheets &

+pillowcase [were] all bespattered with gore & blood in my naked bed

+untill Sergt. McMurray & Arthur Ross, soldier, with the assistance of my

+servant, John Forbes, turned them out of the Room. Otherwise it is

+[hard] to know where the consequences would end. William Maxwell, the

+Commissary, & Christian Burgy, trader, came in who saw my face bruised

+all over, besmeared [with] Blood.

+

+In the meantime Forrest Oaks had the impudence to come back again, &

+upon a rehearsal of my bad useage, very unmannerly gave me the ly twice

+or thrice, in my own house. To this Sergt. MacMurray, Mr. Maxwell & the

+abovesaid Christian Burgy was present, who can testify in this, as well

+as other Circumstances. I imagined he intended this insult as a

+provocation to stirr me up to do something rash, of which he might make

+a handle to invalidate my pretensions to Justice on account of his being

+accessory to the violent attack upon my person as abovesaid.

+

+Whether there were more accomplices [who] acted in conjunction with Ens.

+Johnstone & Forrest Oaks at the breakeing of my house &c., I cannot

+positively determine (the room being dark) except what may be inferred

+from a chain of Circumstances. For John Chinn (whose mind it seems was

+so replete with the dregs of his former menaces abovesaid, as if he

+intended to make his menace good) he, the said John Chinn, was met by

+Isaac Todd on his way to my house, with a great Hatchet in his hand. Mr.

+Todd asked where he was going. The said John Chinn answered, to break

+down the Doctor's house. Upon which Mr. Todd, partly by persuasion, &

+partly by dint of strength, brought him home to his lodgeing.

+

+Whether it was before this, or after, I cannot say, my servant John

+Forbes catched the said John Chinn at the porch before my broken door,

+with a large Hatchet, while the assailants abovesaid, to wit, Ens.

+Johnstone & Oaks, were perpetrating their malicious designs against me.

+He, the said John Forbes, asked the said John Chinn what was he going to

+do with that Hatchet. John Chinn replyed, to break down the Doctor's

+house. After a little altercation my servant persuaded him to deliver up

+the Hatchet.

+

+No sooner the assailants abovesaid was expelled the house, as above

+mentioned, then the said John Chinn entered my house abruptly, as

+straight as a rush, & with an air of authority, impudently (tho' he saw

+my face &c. all over with blood besmeared) minding his belly more than

+my hard treatment asked if I should give him a bowl of Toddy, in

+presence of Mr. Maxwell & Mr. Burgy.

+

+When these irregular proceedings perspired [_sic!_] the most

+considerable gentlemen in the Garrison came to see me, to wit, Capt.

+[Beamsley] Glazier [commandant, 1768-70], Lieut. Nordberg, Lieut. [John]

+Christie, Ens. Strickland, Mr. Todd, Mr. Main, Mr. [Charles?] Morison,

+Mr. Maxwell & Christian Burgy, who can all & one of them attest they

+plainly saw that the door of my house &c. were forcibly broke open as

+abovesaid, & that my face &c. was all over besmeared with blood & gore,

+& my shirt, sheets, pillowcase, were plentifully bespattered with blood

+also.

+

+John Chinn, upon Recollecting what he had done, [realized he had] forgot

+his Hatchet, which he was very impatient to have in his possession once

+more, as it was then in custody of my servant John Forbes for about half

+one hour. The said John Chinn employed Christian Burgy, abovesaid, to

+bring it back to him. I did not chuse to give it, but upon the said

+Christian Burgy's earnest Expostulations I complyed, & ordered my

+servant to deliver it. At the same time [I] told Christian Burgy it was

+to the same purpose, as he & my servant could testify with Isaac Todd,

+[to] the maliciousness of his [Chinn's] unwarrantable intentions as

+abovesaid.

+

+Soon after Ens. Johnstone & his abbettor Forrest Oaks had been expelled

+my house, he, the said Ens. Johnstone, went to Ens. Strickland's. The

+abovesaid Isaac Todd happened to be there, who upon Johnston's

+appearing, observed blood upon his hands &c. [Isaac Todd] asked him,

+where he had been. The said Ensign Johnstone replyed Vauntingly, he was

+giveing some knocks to the Doctor.

+

+About half one hour after seven the evening before, Ens. Johnstone with

+some other accomplices were discovered scaling up a ladder opposite to

+which there was a half door, up the loft, at the lower end of my house.

+My servant John Forbes & another soldier observing a noise, as if the

+half door was thrown down upon the loft, [started out] but before my

+servant & the other soldier could get out to make a real discovery, the

+attempters were scattered about different ways. What their intentions

+were in regard to this little Enterprise depends upon them to explain

+but the judicious may readily conclude it a prelude to their malicious

+perpetrations before daylight next morning.

+

+Before, at, or about six weeks preceeding the 7th November abovesaid,

+there was a strong report prevailed in [the] Garrison (which I am now

+persuaded was not without foundation) that the said Ens. Johnstone,

+being in company with some gentlemen in the fort, had breathed out

+menaceing and malevolent expressions against me, threatening he would

+use me ill.

+

+Ens. Johnstone's reasons for this extravagant Declaration I am yet a

+stranger to, as it is conscious to myself I never did in word or deed

+give him any just grounds of provocation. Notwithstanding this surmise,

+I took no further notice of [it] than studying to evade his Company,

+excepting behaveing with common civility on general terms, as I knew his

+Character among the public to be of a turbulent & troublesome, meddling

+[and] loquacious Disposition.

+

+Upon the whole, I believe, it will not be attended with much Difficulty

+to investigate sufficient evidences, who will attest to the Veracity of

+the above, when they are legally called upon to declare their

+Sentiments, Solemnly without the least partiality or mental reservation

+in presence of any competent Tribunal, by which it will evidently appear

+(to the Judicious) with other concurring Circumstances that the forcibly

+breaking up of my house &c., together with the violent assault upon my

+person as above specifyed, may be justly attributed to premeditated &

+malicious intentions. Authentick witnesses to prove the last assertion

+are Isaac Todd, Benjiman Roberts, late Lieut. in the 46th Regt.,

+Benjiman Frobbisher, merchant, & William Maxwell, Commissary of

+Provisions in this Fort.

+

+N. B.: When Sergt. McMurray & Arthur Ross came into my house they found

+Ens. Johnstone holding my servant by the hair of his head & pelting at

+him with several knocks altennarly [alternately?] for attempting to

+force him out of the house, which he got accomplished with the

+assistance of Sergt. MacMurray & Arthur Ross.

+

+N. B.: That in the month of March 1766, he [Johnson] threatened he would

+break my head. No sooner [did] I put myself in a position of Defence,

+but he desisted from his insolent menaces. Proof: Lieut. Allan Grant of

+the 2d. Battn., Lieut. Varingon & Adjutant Biron [John Burrent], both of

+the 1st. Battn. 60th Regt.

+

+

+

+

+                                   II

+               Concerning the Most Irregular Proceedings

+

+

+    [Illustration: Flags]

+

+_Daniel Morison was so incensed by the events related in the preceding

+narrative that he wrote out two versions, which, however, with the

+exception of an occasional difference in wording are the same. Following

+these events, from time to time he recorded some of the "irregular

+proceedings" which transpired at the fort, largely as a result of the

+actions of the irrepressible Ensign Johnson._

+

+_Morison's journal illustrates vividly how completely the military

+authorities dominated the lives of the fort's inhabitants. Not only were

+the soldiers at the mercy of their officers, but civilians, such as

+Morison's nephew, William Morison, were helpless in the face of military

+indifference to their problems since there was no civil authority at

+Michilimackinac or anywhere else in what is now Michigan to which they

+might appeal during this period. Traders constantly complained at the

+high-handed actions of the fort's commanders who, these traders charged,

+used their position to gain great material benefits for themselves and

+imposed ruinous regulations on those traders who would not give them a

+cut of their profits. The royal government sought to correct these

+abuses, but throughout the period of British rule Michilimackinac is

+said to have had a reputation as a center of corruption and misrule._

+

+    [Illustration: "Ensign Johnstone (who was there with his wife)

+    saluted him with innumberable knocks & kicks."]

+

+

+Remarks December 1769.

+

+[1stly.] That a few days after this unwarrantable Outrage perpetrated

+against my dwelling House & person, John Chinn & Forrest Oaks were so

+conscious of their Enormous guilt [and] struck with such a Remorse, that

+they declared that they would upon their knees publickly on the Parade

+beg to be pardoned if that would satisfy for the Errors they were

+conscious of haveing committed. This they expressed in the Audience of

+William Maxwell, Commissary, Sergt. McMurray, George McBeath, [and]

+Henry Williams, traders.

+

+2dly. That a certain gentleman heard it surmised among them that if the

+above Submission would not take place, they might have another Resolve

+which was to tamper with my Servant & advance him one hundred pounds by

+way of bribe, as they looked on him as the most Material witness in my

+intended process against them.

+

+3rdly. Such is the depraved disposition of this profligate Garrison at

+this Juncture (as well as now degenerateing into the most irregular

+proceedings dayly) they had recourse to calumnious aspersions

+contriveing to patch up false invective & ignominous Reports (as under

+the Necessity of keeping my room, on account of the Severe [bruises] I

+had sustained from such a rough handleing, that I wore Boots with

+Creepers in my Room & [was] found lying down in my bed with them); with

+this additional & abominable connivance that I kept so long close in my

+Room to embrace one opportunity to drive away Sorrow & get drunk

+privately. Such are the Diabolical dispositions of many in this remote

+garrison who make a perpetual habit of murdering time in excesses of

+Debauchery & most Licentious practices. These false aspersions I had

+communicated to me by George Main and Charles Morison, trader, the 10th

+December, 1769.

+

+4thly. Upon the 11th do. Ens. Johnstone assumed to encroach upon my

+Province by visiting Sergt. McPherson of the Colonel's Company, who says

+he never sent for him Directly or indirectly. He immediately insisted

+upon seeing his wound, tho' he was but newly dressed one hour before,

+[and] took off the dressings, &c. After inspection he told my patient

+for his comfort, it looked very bad, & that he knew nothing better for

+him than to bathe it with brandy. [He] set off directly, & left the

+tumefyed wound exposed to the Open air, till my servant was obliged to

+go & dress him a second time. This among the rest is one specimen of the

+Ens. Johnstone's activity to interfere in matters which did not concern

+him. That at the same time he told Sergt. McPherson if he belonged to

+the Company, he [would give] commands. He would immediately confine Dr.

+Morison in the common guard house.

+

+N. B.: That in a few days after this Violent Assault, John Chinn and

+Forrest Oaks were observed conjointly & severally, loading their guns &

+pistoles, which I dare say were intended for bad purposes which they

+would in all appearance have prosecuted had not their proceedings been

+disapproved of by a certain gentleman in the Garrison.

+

+One night the ensueing spring, when they carroused heartily at their

+Bowl, John Chinn proposed to pay another Visit to the Doctor, which

+being disapproved of by one of the principals in the Assault, was

+dropped.

+

+The 25th. December 1769. Ens. Johnstone with his irregular associates,

+contrived among them, about day set in the evening, to send a frenchman,

+who served Isaac Todd merchant, upon a false Message to me two different

+times in great haste, acquainting me that his master was very sick, &

+that he earnestly, in the most pressing manner, demanded my immediate

+assistance. Upon which I Repaired directly to wait upon Mr. Todd, & upon

+due enquiry, found the Message to be a mere bubble, very like the

+triffling projectors, Isaac Todd declareing himself well, & took it

+highly amiss that they should take such libertys with his name, or give

+me such Unnecessary trouble.

+

+Some time in Summer 1770, Ens. Johnstone Knocked down a soldier of the

+general's Company, called Walker by name, in presence of the Commanding

+officer, Capt. [George] Turnbull. The poor soldier applyed to me, & told

+me he was afraid his cheek bone was broke, which did not happen to be

+the case, tho' it was prodigiously swelled. Which cost me five or six

+days attendance and applications, before he recovered so as to be fit

+for Duty.

+

+Sunday evening at 11 O'clock, 2d. December 1770, a frenchman knocked at

+the door of my house very hard, when I was abed. Imagining it Might be

+from some sick soldier, [I] called to my servant to open the Door, &

+there appeared a frenchman with a card in his hand, charged with Mr.

+Chinn's Compliments to Doctor Morison, begging the favour of his Company

+to take a dance with them at Christian Burge's house. This I rejected

+with outmost derision & Contempt, as I never did prostitute my judgement

+so low as to join Company of any Denomination to break the Lord's day in

+such a publick [and] infamous manner; & indeed I looked upon the Company

+so mean that I should be very scrupulous to join them even on a Weekly

+day. I doubt not but Ens. Johnstone might be at the head of such a

+Heathenish proposition as there is no irregularitys committed here,

+wherein he is not either a prompter or a ready Countenancer if not a

+perpetrator.

+

+Sunday the 9th December 1770. Betwixt the hours of 11 & 12 o'Clock

+forenoon, when the Garrison was at Church, Sergt. [Thomas] Carlile of

+the general's company had the guard that day, & being thirsty stepped

+over to his own house (which was adjacent & directly opposite to his

+guard) for a drink of spruce beer. He no sooner opened the Door of his

+room than Ens. Johnstone (who was there with his wife) saluted him with

+innumberable knocks & kicks till (almost in his own words to me) he had

+knocked his head into blubber, then kicked him in the private parts

+(from which Violence his private parts, particularly one of his

+testicles, are greatly Swelled, of a hue black as his Hat). [Johnson

+gave him] many bumps upon his head, [and] his jaw bones, as he himself

+says, [are] so painful that he can scarce open his mouth, but with great

+difficulty.

+

+The poor Sergt. immediately returned to his guard & the next day applyed

+to the commanding officer Capt. Turnbull of this Fort for his Protection

+in regard to his most grievious situation, from the Attrocious and

+barbarous usage he had sustained by the violent proceedings of Ens.

+Johnstone whom he was determined to prosecute to the outmost for the

+Violence done to his person, in his own house.

+

+N. B.: Ens. Johnstone confined two or three soldiers in the black-hole

+for being absent from Divine service, where they were in durance while

+he himself was pounding & kicking the poor Sergt. in this barbarous

+manner.

+

+Late in the evening Sunday above said, Ens. Johnstone was swaggering

+away upon the Parade with a naked sword, or Dagger, in his hand, & when

+it seems he could not meet a Humane [_sic_] Subject to Use ill, he

+wrecked his Vengeance on a dog (belonging to one of the Soldiers of the

+Garrison) by cutting him to the back-bone. The poor brute made such a

+hideous noise, his wound being beyond Remedy, [that] his master was

+obliged out of Pity to put him out of pain by shooting him thro' the

+head.

+

+Wednesday 12th December 1770. A little before Roll-Call Ens. Johnstone

+struck my servant, John Forbes, by giveing him several blows, which hurt

+him prodigiously, for attempting to ridd some Dogs that were a fighting

+& make[ing] a terrible Noise at the Door of my house. He struck Sergt.

+McMurray, acting Sergt. Major in the fort, with a severe blow, at the

+same time knocked down flat [on] the ground Henry Adams of the

+Collonel's Company, so that the dogs of this garrison are so Usefull,

+Sergents & Soldiers must be knocked down for attempting to hinder them

+from fighting & makeing a noise.

+

+Ens. Johnstone kicked Sergt. McPherson of the Collonel's Company in

+presence of the Commanding officer, a little before he went down to

+Detroit last fall. Wednesday 26th December 1770, upon the evening of

+that day Ens. Johnstone knocked down Sergt. May upon the Parade, by

+giveing him two severe blows on the neck & Jawbones, after which he

+confined him, brought him to a tryal, & sentenced [him] to be reduced to

+the ranks.

+

+On Saturday 29th, Do., Ens. Johnstone wrangled with my nephew, William

+Morison, erroneously & threatened to confine him in the common

+guard-house.

+

+Sunday evening 30th Do., Mrs. [George] McBeath invited me to walk into

+her house. I was no sooner seated than she entered a grieveous Complaint

+to me against Ens. Johnstone, affirming that he used uncommon libertys

+with her Character, upon which she wrote him the evening before a very

+spirited Letter of which she shewed me a Copy. She actually pronounced

+him a very bad man. As a strong instance of which, among many she could

+adduce, she declared he had frequently tampered with her by many

+stratagems to destroy her peace with her husband, which she looked upon

+as such a vile insinuation she was determined never to admit of his

+Company for the future.

+

+Tuesday evening the 1st. Jan'y 1771. John Savage, Taylor & Soldier in

+the general's Company, twixt 11 & 12, had the Door of his house forced

+open [and was] committed to the guard-house for not suffering his wife

+to comply with obscene proposit[ions made] to her. At this Exploit Ens.

+Johnstone was one of the chief witnesses. The prisoner was set at

+liberty next morning without any crime given against him.

+

+Monday the 7th Jan'y 1771. Ens. Johnstone decoyed away Sergt. Carlile's

+wife, which he has been contriveing to accomplish many months before

+this finishing stroake, & tho' her husband was like to break his Heart,

+and crying out his Eyes on the occasion, Yet no Remonstrances would be

+payed the least attention to. Ens. Johnstone quitted his Room in the

+officer's barracks that evening which he exchanged with Mr. Main for

+his. [He] sleeped with her that night in his new room where he lives

+with her still, without dread or shame, while the poor Husband is left

+in such a disconsolate situation that is not easy to describe. He next

+morning (poor man) applyed to the Commanding Officer, who gave him no

+satisfactory redress, as he did not chuse to interfere either pro or

+con. Yet the next day after her Elopement from her husband she had the

+honnour of dining with the commanding officer and his mess, who drank

+tea with her that evening at her new lodgeings.

+

+Sergt. Carlile had the mortification to see his wife dayly conducted by

+one of the mess to dine with the commanding officer, Capt. Turnbul, &

+the good Company with him, at which the poor Sergt. was like to go

+distracted but could not help himself.

+

+Ens. Johnstone in the month [of December?] 1770, haveing crossed on a

+party of pleasure in company with Capt. Turnbull & William Maxwell,

+Commissary, flogged Knight, Soldier in the general's Company, with his

+own hand, without any regular tryal for his crime. Proof: William

+Maxwell, Commissary, Rogers & McLean, soldiers.

+

+As Ens. Johnstone thought proper to turn trader by selling of common rum

+to the soldiers & all others by whom he might gain a penny in this

+clandestine Manner, in the month of October 1767, he was observed to

+have filled up several Barrels of common rum with boiling water to make

+up the Leakage. Afterwards [he] sold this at 18. sh. York currency pr.

+gallon to Sergeants & Soldiers &c. in the Garrison. Proof: Sergeants

+McMurray & Carlile with his own servant Arthur Ross, who assisted him by

+his own self in the deceitfull operation.

+

+Upon friday the 8th febry. 1771, Ens. Johnstone in presence of the

+Commanding officer, Capt. Turnbull, Ens. Strickland, George Main,

+William Maxwell, Commissary, [and] George McBeath, trader, attacked

+William Morison, my nephew, in a most rude and Violent manner, without

+any evident cause, in the billiard Room in the presence of six

+witnesses. The Young man (who is sometimes liable to a fainting

+Disposition) in the Scuffle he fell down & cryed Murder! William

+Maxwell, Commissary of provisions, interposed, by which he received some

+knocks from Ens. Johnstone without returning one blow, after which

+Johnstone passed by [the] Commissary in a furious manner, & the young

+man was flat down in a swoon. Ens. Johnstone raised up his left arm &

+gave him repeated thumps opposite to the heart, by which it would appear

+he intended to murder the young man.

+

+He is now under care & it is a chance if ever he can get the better of

+it. The commanding officer with all those of their Club was present to

+all this. Some of them I am told stood firm with their backs to the room

+door, I suppose to hinder any from comeing in to the assistance of the

+ill-used Young man. At length the noise brought in Mr. Harise, who can

+attest to everything he saw. Mr. Harise with one or two more carryed him

+for dead to his room, where after untying his stock he gradually

+recovered from his trance.

+

+In the evening I went with my Nephew to wait on Capt. Turnbull to enter

+a Complaint of his hard usage. After all the remonstrances he could

+suggest, the Commanding Officer would give him no Redress, tho' he

+himself was personally present to the crime committed by Johnstone. Upon

+which I myself made application to Capt. Turnbull in the humblest manner

+to put Ens. Johnstone under arrest & that there was no possibility of

+maintaining peace in the Garrison while Johnstone was at liberty, nor

+could I think myself safe in the Execution of my Office if my

+Remonstrances to him on that score did not take place, which Capt.

+Turnbull Absolutely refused to do by saying, with some warmth, he would

+not put Johnstone under arrest, tho' there [were] as many crimes against

+him as words on his Commission.

+

+The 23d. feby. 1771. Ens. Johnstone quarrelled with William Maxwell,

+Commissary, & revilled [him] (if not gave him a few blows) with

+exasperating expressions, both in company of the commanding officer,

+who, when words became too high, ordered Ens. Johnstone to his room,

+wherein he did not continue above twenty four hours, for reasons best

+known to the Commanding Officer & himself.

+

+    [Illustration: "... a woman who I have the greatest regard for

+    distracted me by her imprudent behaviour."]

+

+

+

+

+                                  III

+                       A Regimental Court-Martial

+

+

+    [Illustration: Drum]

+

+_The little domestic tragedy involving Sergeant Thomas Carlile, his

+wife, and Ensign Robert Johnson, the first two acts of which transpired

+in the last chapter, now comes to an end with the utter defeat and

+humiliation of the poor sergeant._

+

+_Brought to trial on a charge of being disrespectful to an officer,

+Carlile sought to get his case tried not by a regimental court-martial,

+but by a general court-martial which would have a larger number of

+judges, including officers from other units, who would be more likely to

+judge his case without prejudice. With Ensign Johnson sitting as a

+member of the court it is not surprising that Carlile's request was

+denied nor that he was found guilty and reduced to the rank of private._

+

+_Carlile shortly was restored to his sergeant's rating but only after

+agreeing to take back his faithless wife and writing a letter at

+Johnson's order in which he abjectly begged forgiveness for daring to

+suggest that the ensign ought not to sit as a member of the court._

+

+_The record of Carlile's court-martial was stricken from the regimental

+orderly book, but Morison copied the proceedings as follows:_

+

+  _Michilamackinac, February 16th, 1771._

+

+  _Proceedings of a Regimental Court Martial, 2d. Battn. 60th Regt. by

+  order of Capt. Turnbull, Commandant._

+

+                                            _President--Lieut. Christie_

+

+  _Prisoner, Sergt. Carlile_

+

+                                                _Ens. Johnstone, member_

+

+  _Confined by order of Ens. Strickland for being insolent & behaveing

+  with Disrespect to him. Ens. Strickland informs the Court that he went

+  a Carrioling [riding in a cariole, a kind of sleigh] with a Woman

+  under his Protection (namely Sergt. Carlile's wife and Ens.

+  Johnstone's whore) [and] that the prisoner came up and wished that the

+  Carriole, horse and all, might break in & go under the ice, with other

+  insolent Language._

+

+  _The Prisoner being put to defence denys the crime & says he will not

+  be tryed by a Regimental Courtmartial, but desires a general one, &

+  objects to Ens. Johnstone, for reasons he now will not mention. The

+  Court is of oppinion the prisoner is guilty of the crime laid to his

+  Charge, therefore do sentence him to be reduced and serve as private

+  in the Ranks._

+

+                                    _Signed/ Lieut. Christie, president_

+

+                                _Approved, George Turnbull, Commandant._

+

+Febry 1st. 1771. Ens. Johnstone by threats & promises prevailed upon

+Sergt. Carlile, by frequent tamperings & Solicitations, to take his wife

+back again. I imagine upon Examination of this accommodation it will

+appear equally abominable as the original iniquitous & intrigueing

+proceedings.

+

+The 23d febry 1771. Ensigns Johnstone & Strickland haveing requested of

+the commanding officer that Thomas Carlile, late Sergt. in generall

+Armstrong's Company, should be restored, he is therefore restored to his

+former rank (after signing, I fancy, uncommon preliminarys dictated to

+him by the Destroyer of his peace and tranquility). He is to be obeyed

+as such. One infamous restoration indeed when the terms are narrowly

+scrutinized.

+

+N. B.: That upon the 26th febry. 1771. Capt. Turnbull, Commandant,

+Issued verbal orders to Sergt. [Mc]Murray of the General's Company to

+Erase the proceedings of the Regimental Court Martial concerning Sergt.

+Carlile's tryal out of the Regimental Orderly book, & if he could, would

+get it Erased out of the orderly book of the Lieut. Colonel's Company

+also. Accordingly Sergt. McGann of the Colonel's Company did erase it,

+without any previous notice given to the officer who commanded the

+Company. As that officer was not a little surprized at such uncommon

+proceedings, he immediately confined him in the guard-house, who in his

+own defence told his officer he received positive orders from the acting

+Sergt. Major so to do, who had told him it was the orders of the day by

+the commanding officer, Capt. Turnbull. Upon which the officer

+commanding the Coll's Company sent for the acting Sergt. Major who

+acknowledged to him he had received orders from the Commanding officer

+of the Fort to have the tryall of Sergt. Carlile torn out of the Book of

+both Companies doing duty in Garrison. Upon which Declaration the

+officer set Sergt. McGann at liberty.

+

+                                      _Michilamackinac, 22d. febry 1771_

+

+  _Sir--_

+

+  _I hope You will pardon my takeing this Liberty to trouble You, but to

+  ease my own mind I cannot avoid it, by the instigation of my own

+  Notions. I was so imprudent to object to Ens. Johnstone's being a

+  member of my Court Martial, altho' I am now well convinced that his

+  own Honnour would not allow him to do anything prejudicial to Justice.

+  The only Excuse I can make to him & Ens. Strickland is that a Woman

+  who I have the greatest regard for distracted me by her imprudent

+  behaviour. This, Sir, I hope in some part will Extenuate my Crimes, &

+  I shall only further beg leave to Observe that Ens. Johnstone has

+  behaved to me as a good officer, & I have no ground of Complaint

+  against him, & I am extreamely sorry for, & beg his forgiveness & Ens.

+  Strickland's for my past behaveour, which I never will be guilty of

+  again._

+

+  _I have the Honnour to be, Sir,_

+

+                    _Your most Dutifull & humble Servant,_

+

+                   _Signed--Tho's Carlile, late Sergt._

+

+  _To Capt. Turnbull_

+    _Commanding at Michilamackinac_

+

+_The above is a coppy of a Letter directed to Capt. Turnbull by order of

+Ens. Johnstone._

+

+        _a true Copy_

+

+                         _Signed/ Tho's McMurray_

+                          _acting Sergt. Major_

+

+    [Illustration: Ft. Michilimackinac during the 1770's]

+

+

+

+

+                                   IV

+                       A Catalogue of Foul Deeds

+

+

+    [Illustration: Stocks]

+

+_Dr. Morison now summarizes the evidence he had collected against Ensign

+Johnson into a catalogue of his "exploits." In addition to proving that

+the ensign was a respecter of no one, regardless of age, rank, sex, or

+position, the catalogue includes the intriguing report of alleged

+intimacies between Johnson and Mrs. Robert Rogers. This information may

+be true since we learn from another source that Major Rogers was said to

+have been jealous of Johnson. The ironical aspect of this whole matter

+is that ten years later when Elizabeth Rogers sued for a divorce from

+the major one of her grounds for the action was that her husband had

+been unfaithful to her while they were at Michilimackinac._

+

+_Ensign Johnson finally met his match in the tough Connecticut trader,

+Phineas Pond, and resigned his commission in November, 1771, and

+disappeared from the scene._

+

+_Sentencing a soldier to receive a thousand lashes, which Morison also

+relates in this chapter, was an unusually brutal penalty, although at

+least one sentence of fifteen-hundred lashes of the "cat" is on record.

+Ordinarily ten lashes was regarded as sufficient punishment for most

+offenses and as many as thirty-nine lashes was considered cruel._

+

+    [Illustration: "... sentenced to Receive 1000 lashes for

+    Desertion."]

+

+Michilamackinack, 10th Aprile 1771. Ens. Johnstone attempted a rape on a

+girl betwixt nine & ten Years of age. Her shrieking out Violently

+alarmed her step-father, Arthur Ross, & others in the barracks. This

+Arthur Ross was servant to Ens. Johnstone at the time, who upon makeing

+remonstrances the next morning to Ens. Johnstone of his rude & uncommon

+behaveour, Received a very severe blow on the left breast from his

+master, Ens. Johnstone, which made him quit his service instantly.

+

+Ens. Johnstone acknowledged publickly, by way of Bravado, he had carnal

+dealings with Mrs. Oldham (the mother of this girl upon whom he

+attempted this Rape) three years agoe, and about twenty Days agoe he

+vaunted of the same foul deed, declaring publickly it was [no one's

+business?]. This declaration happened two or three days before he

+attempted the Rape upon her Young Daughter.

+

+Tuesday the 23d Aprile 1771. We had a kind of horse race here; the most

+of the garrison walked out to enjoy the pleasure of the Show. Ens.

+Johnstone being appointed as one of the Judges upon the Occasion, Ens.

+Strickland's mare was saddled for him, that he might be enabled to

+execute the important office with the more Alacrity. The racers appeared

+on the ground expecting Ens. Johnstone with outmost impatience. [They]

+sent several messages in quest of him; his mare was found; but he

+himself could not, & no wonder for he was then in a Captain's Cabin

+marking barrells of Liquor to be Rolled over to the Suttler's house,

+which was observed to be conveyed in this manner by Creditable

+Witnesses. Ens. Johnstone seized this opportunity very seasonably while

+the racers waited half one hour for his Judicial appearance before they

+could start.

+

+After secureing his Cargoe in this manner he appeared soon after the

+racers started. The horse won & the mare lost the race (which is a

+surprizing Circumstance) according [to] the prevailing constitution of

+this fort.

+

+Thursday 25th. Aprile 1771. A Barrell of Liquor, at least presumed to

+be, was Rolled over to the Suttler's about 12 o'clock forenoon. This

+Barrell was marked Capt G. T. [George Turnbull] & rolled over by

+Donaldson [?] of the General's Company.

+

+

+A Catalogue of Ens. Robert Johnstone of the 2d. Battl. Exploits.

+

+1. Knocked down a frenchman at Grosse pointe.

+

+2. Quarrelled with Mr. [Alexander] Baxter.

+

+3. Quarrelled with Major [Robert] Rogers, & used uncommon freedom with

+      his wife, common fame says to the extent of carnal conversation

+      with her.

+

+4th. Wounded Corpl. Johnstone of the general's Company in the arm.

+

+5thly. Attempted to draw his sword upon Mr. [Benjamin] Frobisher for

+      which he was put under arrest.

+

+6thly. Quarrelled with & insulted Capt. [Frederick] Spiecmacher

+      [commandant, 1767-68], for which he was under arrest for five

+      months.

+

+7thly. Selling of Common Rum to the Soldiers, mixing water with it, &

+      selling it afterwards at 18. sh. York Currency pr. Gallon.

+

+8thly. Knockeing down Mr. Farrol, Barrack master, betwixt 70 & 80 Years

+      of age, on board of the Gladwin.

+

+9thly. Nonsuited at a prosecution in favours of a prostitute.

+

+10thly. Committed Felony, attempted by him & two accomplices, against

+      the person of Doctor Morison.

+

+11thly. Intended murder by Poison.

+

+12thly. Mixing four ounces of Jallap with the water boiled for Punch at

+      a publick Enter[tain]ment.

+

+13thly. Challenged Lieut. Christie, & asked him pardon without coming to

+      a tryal.

+

+14thly. Sporting with Capt. [John] Browne & Capt. Glazier's Characters,

+      calling the last a mean, low lived, Dirty fellow.

+

+15thly. Flogged Knight, Soldier of the General's Company, by his own

+      hand with a wooden Switch, in presence of Capt. Turnbull without

+      the benefit of a Court martial.

+

+16thly. Kicked & Cuffed Sergeants & Soldiers upon the publick Parade, to

+      which the Commanding officer was present at some of those

+      Irregularitys.

+

+17thly. Attempted to Murder William Morison, Nephew to Doctor Morison,

+      to which Capt. Turnbull, Commanding Officer, was present, with

+      many others.

+

+18thly. Kicked and Cuffed Sergt. Carlile in his own house upon a Sabbath

+      day when the garrison was at Church, & in the Scuffle hurt one of

+      his stones.

+

+19thly. Some days after that he decoyed away the Sergt's wife, Mrs.

+      Carlile, who lived with him upwards of six weeks at Bed & board

+      &c.

+

+20thly. Vaunted he had Carnal dealings with Mrs. Oldham & three Years

+      after attempted a Rape upon her daughter betwixt 9 & 10 years of

+      age.

+

+2lst. Was put under arrest by Capt. Turnbull for the space of 24 hours

+      for Quarrelling with Maxwell the Commissary.

+

+22d. Attempted to sow Discord betwixt George McBeath and his wife to

+      whom he offered one hundred pounds &c provideing she would take up

+      with him & quit her husband.

+

+23d. Sergt. Carlile of the General's Company Objected to Ens. Johnstone

+      as a member of a Regimental Court Martial, set upon his Accusation

+      [to] which [he] pleaded not guilty, & for certain Reasons desired

+      the benefit of a general Court martial, which was denyed him.

+

+30th May 1771. That evening after Roll Call, a Delinquent, James

+Coleman, soldier of the Lieut Colonel's Company, sentenced to Receive

+1000 Lashes for Desertion, received near five hundred & would have

+received more had not I intervened to hinder any more proceedings as he

+was not able to endure any more.

+

+That very evening of the 30th he was ordered by the Commanding officer

+to the flogging post to receive the rest of his punishment, without

+Consulting me whether he was fit to receive them or not. He appeared

+under a file of men, in presence of the whole garrison, to undergoe that

+which he was not able to support. At that Juncture, he immediately fell

+upon his Knees & begged Capt. Turnbull to delay the rest of his

+punishment till he was more fit to undergoe them. Upon this application

+Capt. Turnbull asked my oppinion. I answered he was not fit, &

+consequently he was under the necessity of being carryed home to the

+Guard house by two soldiers of the guard.

+

+This lenity of mine in favours of the prisoner produced the following

+Garrison orders (tho' there was no previous complaint lodged):

+

+  _Michilimackinac 31. May 1771. For the future the officer of the Day

+  will visit the men's barracks every forenoon at 12 o'clock to see that

+  the Barracks are kept clean & that the sick or lame are regularly

+  visited by the Surgeon; when prisoners are in that situation the

+  Sergt. of the Guard will report to the officer of the day if it should

+  happen that they are not Regularly attended._

+

+The 10th of June 1771. Ens. Johnstone quarrelled with Phinehas Pond, a

+trader from New England. The dispute became very warm with high &

+insulting Expressions. At length in the height of their dispute Ens.

+Johnstone took down a brace of pistoles off the chimney brace, presented

+them to Pond at the Table, challengeing him to take up one of them,

+which Phineas Pond did directly. Ens. Johnstone in wrath desired Mr.

+Pond to give his Pistol to Mr. Howard, trader, to charge. He replyed he

+would not give his Pistol to any man to charge; upon which Pond began to

+charge his Pistol as fast as he could work. Ens. Johnstone (observeing

+that Mr. Pond was about chargeing so brisk) took hold of his own pistol

+by the barrell & pushed the butt of it violently & struck him with great

+fury in the Pit of the stomach, which staggered him surpriseingly. This

+unexpected proceeding prevented Pond from loading his Pistol, which he

+was obliged to drop & make of his hands in his own defence, which he

+plyed about so manfully that Ens. Johnstone fell flat directly upon the

+floor. Phineas Pond gave him such terrible bruiseings, black eyes &c.

+that Ens. Johnstone was obliged to keep his Room for several days, &

+tho' this day is the 6th. since his disaster, he is not Yet recovered,

+walking about slowly with a pair of black Eyes. What the consequences of

+this uggly affair will turn out to I cannot determine.

+

+Ensign Johnstone sold Mr. [Ezekial] Solomon the Jew ninety gallons of

+common Rum June 1771. The year before he sold fifty bundles of dryed

+Venison to the said Solomon at 2 sh. & 6d for the benefit of Capt.

+Turnbull, commanding officer of this Fort.

+

+    [Illustration: "... without these expenses I must starve of cold."]

+

+

+

+

+                                   V

+                       Monstrum Horrendum Ingens!

+

+

+    [Illustration: Flags]

+

+_With this partial quotation of a line from Virgil's Aeneid which refers

+to the hideous one-eyed monster, Polyphemus, stumbling about after he

+had been blinded by Ulysses, Morison expresses his opinion of Captain

+Turnbull. Angered at the treatment he received from Turnbull, the

+surgeon's mate presumably pictured his commanding officer as a monster,

+blind to the needs of his men._

+

+_George Turnbull had received his commission in the Royal Americans in

+1756 at the time this famous fighting force was being recruited "to

+avenge Braddock's defeat." In 1758 he had been wounded in the costly

+British attack on Ticonderoga. After the French and Indian War, Turnbull

+was promoted to captain in 1765, and before coming to Michilimackinac in

+1770 he had been the commander at Detroit for three years. While at

+Detroit he had been involved with some of the local citizens in a

+dispute over property rights on Belle Isle, but, according to the

+adventurer, Jonathan Carver, who visited Detroit in 1768, Turnbull was

+respected by the inhabitants and traders "for the propriety of his

+conduct." This record should be borne in mind as one reads what Morison

+has to say about Turnbull._

+

+Michilamackinac July 9th. 1771. Betwixt the hours of 3 & 4 [in the]

+afternoon, Capt. Turnbull sent for me to his house upon an affair in

+which he had not the least concern. No sooner I appeared than he Opened

+upon me with Volleys of scurrilous Language (in presence of Lieut.

+Donald McAlpin of the 2d. Battn.) viz: That I was a scandalous fellow, a

+man of no principles, of a bad heart &c. lastly ordered me go out of his

+house & commanded me to keep my Distance, which I am determined

+punctually to observe.

+

+N. B.: All these Epithets (to the conviction of many) are imputations

+that more peculiarly belong _altenarly_ [alternately?] to himself when

+his character is canvassed by proper judges. If [such things as]

+Oppression, Detraction, Melediction, Violence, fornication, adultery,

+breach of Sabbath, tradeing, selling of common rum, Molasses, Wine,

+Spirits &c., Supporting a Suttlery in which he himself is principally

+[interested], which is Diametrically opposed to a Military Character,

+[be considered], he himself is justly entitled to these Epithets &

+imputations which cannot be attended with much difficulty to prove. Upon

+these considerations I left his house, whose dirt I shook off from my

+feet & left the Dirt where I found it. Monstrum horrendum Ingens!

+

+The 26th. augst. 1771. Sent the weekly return by my servt. as I happened

+to be sick on that morning. Capt. Turnbull enquired of my servt. what my

+sickness was. My servt. answered, it was a severe attack of the

+Rheumatism to which I was subject. The Commandant asked my servt. if he

+could cure me. My servt. replyed he would if he could. After many

+frivolous questions of this nature, he at last ask[ed] him what did he

+think I deserved, to which my servt. Replyed, he did not know, "but Sure

+I am Sir, my master deserves well at my hands."

+

+Upon Tuesday the 17th. Sept. 1771. Capt. Turnbull after Roll Call sent

+the Sergeant Major to acquaint me he wanted to speak to me. Accordingly

+I appeared. Then Capt. Turnbull in presence of Lieut. Christie, Ens.

+Graham and Ens. Strickland asked how I came to move to another house

+without his leave, & I answered that I thought there was no necessity of

+giveing any trouble to him for removeing to good Quarters, which I hired

+for the Winter as there was no possibility of liveing for the Winter in

+that house Which he ordered me to, May last; especially as both of them

+were the property of traders in this place & tho' I applyed to him last

+fall for a Room in the officers' Barracks, as there was one Vacant then,

+as he did not grant this I thought I had a Right to provide myself the

+best I could.

+

+He told me [that] tho' I have been so long in the army I made a[s] great

+progress in the knowledge of my duty as I did in that of my profession,

+meaning in which I appeared to be equally ignorant. (So far according to

+the Sultan.)

+

+"I suppose," says he, "You want I should put You into arrest, that You

+may be exempted from Your duty. But," continued he, "I will not do You

+that Honnour. You are not worth my Notice. I hope You will not give me

+the trouble to provide a Room to provide for You next summer."

+

+I told him I'd give him as little trouble as possible and that I'd

+endeavour [to do] the best I could for myself, tho' at the same time I

+beged leave to observe that I thought (while I continued to act in the

+King's Service) I had a right to a room in the King's barracks, which

+benefit was never granted me during his incumbency. He Replyed he did

+not chuse to hear any more upon the Subject, and ordered me to be gone,

+which I did quietly, in presence of the abovesaid gentlemen.

+

+N. B.: When upon application last fall to Capt. Turnbull for a Room in

+the King's Barracks, which he did not grant, I then applyed to him if he

+would please speak to influence Mr. Cardin to give me his house for last

+winter. He gave himself not the least trouble about the matter, in

+consequence of which I was necessitated to provide for myself. [I]

+obtained the house from Mr. Cardin, where I lodged Comfortably last

+winter. As I was obliged to pass the winters preceeding most wretchedly

+in old houses, not habitable, notwithstanding of my Disbursements on

+many repeated reparations, such as thatching with Bark, Claying &c, as

+without these expenses I must starve of cold & every shower of rain

+[came] in upon me, as also snow drift[ed in] from every quarter when the

+wind blew high.

+

+Upon Sunday the 1st December 1771. The officer of the day was ordered to

+place Centrys at different corners of the Garrison upon four or five

+houses, upon suspicion they smuggled some common rum to entertain

+them[selves] at such a particular Season, as one of the Sub-Suttlers did

+not Chuse to sell or had orders [not] to sell under a Dollar each quart.

+

+A soldier and his wife with his Children [were] ordered to their

+barracks, tho' there was not a drop [of] liquor found in his house. The

+officer of the day upon entring the room of Fiddler, one of the Royal

+Artillery, who was enjoying himself with one of his Comrades in garrison

+[with some rum] which he had purchassed from the Sub-Suttler. [The

+bottle of rum] was broke to pieces [by the officer] which put a stop to

+the entertainment tho' they were all quite sober.

+

+All this is supposed to proceed from the orders of the grand Suttler

+[Captain Turnbull], who did not Chuse that any individual should

+interfere in diminishing the grist which has been a long time now

+comeing into his Mill & which he wants to keep agoing for his own

+particular private interest.

+

+December 15th. Mr. Harise, the interpreter, was committed to the common

+guard-house by Capt. Turnbull where he remained from eight o'Clock in

+the afternoon till ten next morning, for beating of a trader's _Engagee_

+[an _engag�_, one of the French boatmen who were hired to paddle the

+traders' canoes], tho' many Circumstances of the most Extravagant

+enormitys have been overlooked in this odious garrison during Capt.

+Turnbull's Incumbency.

+

+Ensign Strickland [was] put under arrest by Capt. Turnbull's order for

+useing Sergt. Lewis ill upon his Guard, & the said Ensign continued

+under his arrest untill he made proper Condescensions to the Sergt. &

+Yet Ensign Johnstone would not be put under arrest by Captain Turnbull

+(tho' properly applyed to) for shedding the blood of a gentleman more

+usefull to the King's service in garrison, more than both, which can be

+proven to a Demonstration, time & place Convenient.

+

+N. B.: July 2d. 1772. I have now [served] going on four years here, &

+during that period of time have neither received wood, nor chairs,

+table, tongs, Dogirons, pockers, &c. from the Barrack master nor any

+lodgeing in the King's Barracks or from the King, notwithstanding my

+frequent applications, but was obliged to Lodge in old french Houses,

+not habitable, at a Vast Expense out of my Pay, by Plastering, thatching

+&c. to preserve myself from the Inclemency of the Winter Season, which

+is generally very intense here, and which continues upon average about

+the space of eight months.

+

+Notwithstanding so badly was I used, on account of provideing of

+aforesaid lodgeings, haveing not beforehand informed Capt. Turnbull of

+my intention of providing said Lodgeing for hire, he sent a Sergeant for

+me to [attend] the Publick parade, where to my surprise in presence of

+the officers of the Garrison & others he gave me very abusive &

+Scandalous Language, unbecomeing the Expressions of a gentleman, & when

+offering to speak in my own Defence, I was ordered Silence! & that he

+desired for the future I should give him no more trouble about

+Lodgeings. [He] ordered me about my business, that he would not put me

+under arrested as he knew that was what I wanted, but would not do me

+that Honnour. I was not worth his notice.

+

+N. B.: Ensign Strickland & Ens. Graham were put under arrest for

+differences subsisting among them at his house, which Capt. Turnbull

+approved of till their differences were settled.

+

+

+

+

+                               Conclusion

+

+

+    [Illustration: Musket and saber]

+

+_Daniel Morison's journal ends at this point. After July 2, 1772, we

+lose sight of the unhappy surgeon's mate. It appears at least that he

+did not remain much longer at the Straits for later that year the

+various units of the Second Battalion of the Royal Americans were

+assembled from Niagara, Fort Michilimackinac, and other frontier posts

+and shipped off to serve in the balmier climate of the West Indies._

+

+_Captain Turnbull retired from the army in 1775 by selling his

+commission, but some of the others who had served at Michilimackinac

+remained with the Royal Americans and fought in the Revolutionary War.

+Turnbull's predecessor as commandant, Beamsley Glazier, distinguished

+himself in the fighting around Savannah, Georgia, in 1779, by leading

+three companies of the Royal Americans in a fierce charge which drove

+the American and French forces into headlong retreat and caused the

+Allies to lift their siege of the British troops in the city. Ensign

+Johnson's erstwhile comrade-in-arms, John Christie, fought gallantly in

+1780 at Mobile in a futile effort to beat off a Spanish attack on that

+port. Christie thereby redeemed his reputation which had been badly

+tarnished by his premature surrender to the Indians when he was in

+command of a fort at present-day Erie, Pennsylvania, in 1763._

+

+_Many changes took place at Michilimackinac after 1772, so many, in

+fact, that John Askin, an old-time resident, in 1778 wrote to Thomas

+McMurray, apparently the former acting sergeant-major who had retired to

+a business in Montreal, that he would scarcely recognize the post any

+more. In place of the drafty old houses, such as the ones Morison had

+lived in, the people, Askin reported, were "now building tolerable good

+ones."_

+

+_The fort also had a new surgeon's mate--another Scotsman, David

+Mitchell. Unlike his compatriot Morison, Mitchell adjusted very well to

+the rough conditions of life on the fur-trading frontier. He married a

+Chippewa woman, and when his regiment was transferred elsewhere he

+received special permission to stay on as surgeon's mate so that his

+wife would not be separated from her people. He remained in the area in

+various capacities until his death in 1830. By then old Fort

+Michilimackinac had been abandoned for a half century and only a few

+ruins sticking out of the sand reminded the occasional visitor of the

+colorful days of the 1760's and 1770's._

+

+    [Illustration: Michilimackinac Restored]

+

+

+

+

+                                Appendix

+

+

+    [Illustration: Drum]

+

+_Historians recently discovered in the Frederick Haldimand Papers of the

+British Museum in London a document which sheds additional light on the

+obscure life of Daniel Morison. The document is a petition written by

+Morison to Frederick Haldimand in Quebec. The document is undated._

+

+_To His Excellency Frederick Haldimand Captain General and Governor in

+Chief in and over His Majestys Province of Quebec, and the Territories

+depending thereon, in America, Vice Admiral of the same, General and

+Commander in Chief of His Majestys Forces, in the said Province and the

+Frontiers thereof etc, etc, etc._

+

+_The Memorial of Daniel Morrison Humbly Sheweth That your Excellency's

+Memorialist was appointed surgeon to six independent Companies raised in

+Scotland in the Year 1746, and reduced in two Years thereafter, That in

+the year following he was appointed surgeon's Mate to Lord Loudon's

+Highland Regiment soon afterwards reduced; That in the year 1757 he came

+to America as Mate to Lieut. Colonel Frasor's Regt. That during the

+Winter 1760, he Passed an examination as surgeon, and received that

+appointment to the 35th Regiment from His Excellency General Murray,

+which the then Commander in Chief did not confirm, That at the reduction

+of the 78th Regiment of Foot he was appointed surgeon's mate to the 2d

+Battallion of the 60th Regiment in which he had the Honor to serve

+untill the Regiment was ordered for the West Indies where he Could not

+attend them, on account of His health And that during the Blockade of

+this City in 1775 he carried Arms, which extraordinary last Fatigue

+reduced his health and strength still lower. He now most humbly Pray

+Your Excellency's attention to the length and nature of his Services,

+and to his advanced time of life, and that you will be pleased to honour

+him with some marke of your Favour, and your Memorialist as in duty

+bound Shall ever pray--DAN MORISON SURGEON_

+

+_British Museum, Haldimand Papers, ADD Manuscript 21,877, p. 440_

+

+

+

+

+                                 Index

+

+

+    [Illustration: Flags]

+

+

+                                   A

+  ADAMS, Private Henry, 24

+  ASKIN, John, 47

+

+

+                                      B

+  BALFOUR, Captain Henry, 5-6

+  Barracks, 35, 38

+  Barracks, Officers', 25, 43

+  BAXTER, Alexander, 36

+  Billiard room, 26

+  Black hole, 24

+  British Museum, 48

+  BROWNE, Captain John, 36

+  BURGY, Christian, 15-17, 23

+  BURRENT, John, 18

+  BURTON, Clarence, 6

+  Burton Historical Collection, 6

+

+

+                                      C

+  CARDIN, Mr.'s house, Morison stays at, 43-44

+  Carioling, 30

+  CARLILE, Mrs. Thomas,

+      discovered with Johnson, 23;

+      lives with Johnson, 25-26, 37;

+      returns to husband, 29-31

+  CARLILE, Sergeant Thomas,

+      discovers Johnson with his wife, 23;

+      seeks redress against Johnson, 24, 26;

+      court-martialed, 29-32, 37;

+      attacked by Johnson, 37

+  Children, 35, 37, 44

+  CHINN, John, 11;

+      assaults Morison, 13-18, 21, 22, 23

+  Chippewa Indians, 6

+  CHRISTIE, Lieutenant John, 12, 16;

+      presides over Carlile's court-martial, 30;

+      challenged by Johnson, 36, 43, 46-47

+  Church, soldiers worship, 23, 24

+  COLEMAN, Private James, receives 1000 lashes, 37-38

+  Commissary, 27

+  Courts-martial, 30-31, 36

+

+

+                                      D

+  DESERTION, 37

+  Dogs, attacked by Johnson, 24

+  Drinking at Michilimackinac, 12-14, 21, 44

+  Duel, Johnson challenges Pond to, 38

+

+

+                                      F

+  FARROL, Mr., 36

+  FIDDLER, Mr., member of Royal Artillery, 44

+  Flogging, 26, 33, 37-38

+  FORBES, John, servant to Morison,

+      defends Morison, 14-18, 21;

+      struck by Johnson, 24;

+      takes return to Turnbull, 42

+  FRASOR, Lieut. Colonel, 48

+  FROBISHER, Benjamin, 8, 18, 36

+  Furnishings, 45

+

+

+                                      G

+  _GLADWIN_, 36

+  GLAZIER, Captain Beamsley, 16, 36, 46

+  GRAHAM, Ensign, 43, 45

+  GRANT, Lieutenant Allan, 18

+  Guard Duty, 23, 38, 44

+  Guard House, 22, 24, 25, 31, 38, 44

+

+

+                                      H

+  HALDIMAND, General Frederick, 48

+  HARISE, Mr., interpreter, 27, 44

+  Horse racing, 35

+  Horses, 30, 35

+  Houses at Michilimackinac, 43-45

+

+

+                                      J

+  JOHNSON, Ensign Robert, 8, 11-12;

+      assaults Morison, 13-18, 21-27;

+      assaults Private Walker, 22-23;

+      with Carlile's wife, 23-24;

+      attacks dog, 24;

+      lives with Mrs. Carlile, 25-26;

+      trades rum, 26, 35;

+      orders Carlile court-martialed, 29-32;

+      illicit relationships, 35;

+      judges horse race, 35;

+      catalog of misdeeds, 36-37;

+      fights with Pond, 38-39

+  JOHNSTONE, Corporal, 36

+

+

+                                      K

+  KNIGHT, Private, flogged, 26, 36

+

+

+                                      L

+  LANGLADE, Charles, 5

+  LEWIS, Sergeant, 44

+  LOUDON, Lord, Highland Regiment, 48

+

+

+                                      M

+  McALPIN, Lieutenant Donald, 42

+  McBEATH, George, 8, 21, 26, 37

+  McBEATH, Mrs. George, complains about Johnson, 25, 37

+  McGANN, Sergeant, 31

+  McGILL, James, 11

+  McLEAN, Private, 26

+  MacMURRAY, Sergeant Thomas, 12, 15, 18, 21;

+      struck by Johnson, 24, 26, 31-32, 47

+  McPHERSON, Sergeant, 21-22;

+  struck by Johnson, 24

+  MAIN, George, 13, 16, 21, 25, 26

+  MAXWELL, William, post commissary, 12, 15-18, 21;

+      tries to stop attack against William Morison, 26-27;

+      quarrels with Johnson, 27, 37

+  MAY, Sergeant, struck by Johnson, 24-25

+  Medical treatment, 21-22, 22-23, 37-38

+  MITCHELL, David, 47

+  MORISON, Charles, 16, 21

+  MORISON, Daniel, 6-9, 11-12;

+      house broken into, 12-18;

+      treats McPherson, 21-22;

+      sees Todd, 22;

+      refuses invitation to Burgy's house, 23;

+      Johnson abuses, 36;

+      intervenes in flogging, 37-38;

+      to visit sick in barracks, 38;

+      ill with rheumatism, 42;

+      disputes with Turnbull over quarters, 42-43;

+      journal ends, 46;

+      petition and biographical data, 48

+  MORISON, William, 19, 25;

+      beaten by Johnson, 26-27, 37

+  MURRAY, General, 48

+

+

+                                      N

+  NORDBERG, Lieutenant John, 16

+  North West Company, 11

+

+

+                                      O

+  OAKS, Forrest, 11;

+      assaults Morison, 12-18, 21, 22

+  OLDHAM, Mrs., 35, 37

+

+

+                                      P

+  Parade, 24, 37, 45

+  POND, Phineas, 33;

+      fights with Johnson, 38-39

+  Prostitution, 36

+  Punishment, 26, 33, 37-38

+

+

+                                      Q

+  QUEBEC, 48

+

+

+                                      R

+  RACING, 35

+  ROGERS, Elizabeth, 33, 36

+  ROGERS, Major Robert, 12, 33, 36

+  ROGERS, Private, 26

+  Rogers' Rangers, 5

+  Roll call, 42

+  ROSS, Arthur, 18, servant to Robert Johnson, 26, 35

+  Royal American Regiment, see Sixtieth Regiment of Foot

+  Royal Artillery, 44

+  Rum trading,

+      by Johnson, 26, 35, 36, 39;

+      by Turnbull, 36, 42, 44;

+      suspicion of smuggling, 44

+

+

+                                      S

+  SAVAGE, Mrs. John, 25

+  SAVAGE, Private John, Johnson puts in guard house, 25

+  Scotland, 48

+  Servants,

+      John Forbes, servant to Daniel Morison, 14-18, 21-23, 24, 42;

+      Arthur Ross servant to Robert Johnson, 26, 35

+  Seventy-Eighth Regiment of Foot, 48

+  Sixtieth Regiment of Foot, 6, 12, 48

+  SOLOMON, Ezekiel, 39

+  SPIECMACHER, Captain Frederick, 36

+  Spruce beer, 23

+  STRICKLAND, Ensign John, 13, 16, 17;

+      orders Carlile confined, 30;

+      races horse, 35, 43;

+      arrested, 44-45

+  Surgeon's mate, 6, 9, 48

+  Sutlers house, 35-36, 42

+

+

+                                      T

+  TAILOR at Michilimackinac, 25

+  Thirty-Fifth Regiment of Foot, 48

+  TODD, Isaac, 8, 11, 12;

+      defends Morison, 13-18, 22

+  Traders at the fort,

+      Benjamin Frobisher, 8, 18, 36;

+      George McBeath, 8, 21, 26, 37;

+      Isaac Todd, 8, 11, 12, 13-18, 22;

+      John Chinn, 11, 13-18, 21, 22, 23;

+      Forest Oaks, 11, 12-18, 21, 22;

+      Henry Williams, 21;

+      Phineas Pond, 33, 38-39;

+      Ezekiel Solomon, 39;

+      John Askin, 47

+  TURNBULL, Captain George, 8;

+      witnesses assault, 22-23;

+      Carlile appeals to, 24, 26;

+      dines with Johnson and Mrs. Carlile, 26;

+      witnesses Johnson attack William Morison, 26-27;

+      approves judgment against Carlile, 30;

+      erases judgment against Carlile, 31;

+      observes flogging and beatings, 36-37;

+      arrests Johnson, 37;

+      allows James Coleman to recuperate before receiving rest of

+          punishment, 37-38;

+      benefits from trade, 39;

+      severely criticized by Morison, 41-45;

+      biographical data, 46-47

+

+

+                                      V

+  VARINGON, Lieutenant, 18

+  Violence,

+      perpetuated against Daniel Morison, 12-18;

+      attempted rape, 35, 37;

+      catalog of Robert Johnson's misdeeds, 36-38;

+      voyageur beaten, 44

+

+

+                                      W

+  WALKER, Private, 22

+  West Indies, 46, 48

+  WILLIAMS, Henry, 21

+  Women,

+      Mrs. Thomas Carlile, 23, 25-26, 29-31, 37;

+      Mrs. George McBeath, 25, 37;

+      Mrs. John Savage, 25;

+      Mrs. Elizabeth Rogers, 33, 36;

+      Mrs. Oldham, 35, 37

+  Worship services, 23, 24

+

+

+    An innocent evening's entertainment ends in a wild brawl and an

+                          attempted murder ...

+

+     A judge arrives late to a horse race because he has been busy

+                           smuggling rum ...

+

+ The court-martial of a sergeant charged with being disrespectful to an

+       officer who was cavorting with the sergeant's own wife ...

+

+  These are a few of the strange but always fascinating events related

+by Dr. Daniel Morison in the journal he kept from 1769 to 1772 while he

+              was surgeon's mate at Fort Michilimackinac.

+

+  Editing and interpreting this authentic and uncensored 18th-century

+document, never before published in its entirety, is Dr. George S. May,

+    former research archivist of the Michigan Historical Commission.

+    Illustrating the text is the well-known artist, Dirk Gringhuis.

+

+    [Illustration: Mackinac State Historic Parks]

+

+

+

+

+                          Transcriber's Notes

+

+

+--Silently corrected a few typos, but left the good doctor's unique

+  spellings unchanged.

+

+--Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook

+  is public-domain in the country of publication.

+

+--In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by

+  _underscores_.

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+End of Project Gutenberg's The Doctor's Secret Journal, by Daniel Morison

+

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+<pre>

+

+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Doctor's Secret Journal, by Daniel Morison

+

+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most

+other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions

+whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of

+the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at

+www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have

+to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.

+

+Title: The Doctor's Secret Journal

+

+Author: Daniel Morison

+

+Editor: George Smith May

+

+Release Date: August 30, 2018 [EBook #57817]

+

+Language: English

+

+Character set encoding: UTF-8

+

+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE DOCTOR'S SECRET JOURNAL ***

+

+

+

+

+Produced by Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed

+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net

+

+

+

+

+

+

+</pre>

+

+<div id="cover" class="img">

+<img id="coverpage" src="images/cover.jpg" alt="The Doctor&rsquo;s Secret Journal" width="500" height="805" />

+</div>

+<div class="img" id="fig1">

+<img src="images/p00.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="668" />

+<p class="pcap">PAGES FROM THE ORIGINAL

+MANUSCRIPT AS WRITTEN BY

+DANIEL MORISON, SURGEON&rsquo;S MATE

+2ND BATTALION, 60TH REGIMENT

+FORT MICHILIMACKINAC 1769-1772</p>

+</div>

+<div class="img" id="fig2">

+<img src="images/p00a.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="756" />

+<p class="pcap">&ldquo;... swore by a bloody oath he would come with

+a Hatchet and pull down my house.&rdquo;</p>

+</div>

+<div class="box">

+<h1><i>the</i> DOCTOR&rsquo;S

+<br /><i>Secret Journal</i></h1>

+<p class="center"><b><i>by</i> DANIEL MORISON, <i>Surgeon&rsquo;s Mate</i></b></p>

+<p class="center"><b><i>Edited by George S. May</i></b></p>

+<div class="img">

+<img src="images/p00b.jpg" alt="Inkwell and pen" width="250" height="229" />

+</div>

+<p class="center small"><b><i>Illustrated by Dirk Cringhuis</i></b></p>

+<div class="img">

+<img src="images/p00c.jpg" alt="MACKINAC STATE HISTORIC PARKS" width="300" height="189" />

+</div>

+<p class="center"><b><span class="large">Mackinac State Historic Parks

+<br />Mackinac Island, Michigan</span></b></p>

+<p class="center smaller">ISBN-0911872-05-1</p>

+</div>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_4">4</div>

+<div class="img" id="fig3">

+<img src="images/p01.jpg" alt="" width="377" height="800" />

+<p class="pcap">Private

+<br />BRITISH 60th FOOT<span class="hst"> ROYAL AMERICANS</span></p>

+</div>

+<p class="center smaller">Copyright &copy; 1960 by The Fort Mackinac Division Press

+<br />Printed in the United States of America by Harlo Printing Co., Detroit Michigan

+<br />Third Printing, 1969 15,000 copies

+<br />Fourth Printing, 1974 15,000 copies

+<br />Fifth Printing, 1984 10,000 copies

+<br />Sixth Printing, 1993 5,000 copies

+<br />Seventh Printing, 2001 3,000 soft cover&mdash;1,500 hard bound</p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_5">5</div>

+<h2 id="c1"><span class="small">Introduction</span></h2>

+<div class="img">

+<img src="images/p01a.jpg" alt="Cannon" width="368" height="186" />

+</div>

+<p><i><b><span class="xlarge">O</span></b>n September 28, 1761, a year after France&rsquo;s vast North

+American empire had been surrendered to the British at

+Montreal, Canada, the flag of Great Britain was raised over

+Fort Michilimackinac, far to the west at what is now Mackinaw

+City, Michigan. A force under Major Robert Rogers,

+leader of the almost legendary Rogers&rsquo; Rangers, had reached

+Detroit in 1760 and had taken control of that post, but the

+coming of winter had compelled the British to wait until the

+following year to take over the other French outposts in the

+upper Great Lakes.</i></p>

+<p><i>Although Major Rogers later was to serve as commanding

+officer at Michilimackinac, the red-coated troops who marched

+into the little stockaded fort on the south shore of the straits

+connecting Lake Huron and Lake Michigan were commanded

+by Captain Henry Balfour. He found that the French garrison

+had departed for the west months before, leaving the

+fort in charge of Charles Langlade, a native of the area who

+had fought brilliantly on the French side during the French

+and Indian War. Balfour was greeted by several enterprising

+Englishmen who had gotten a head start in the race to gain

+<span class="pb" id="Page_6">6</span>

+control of the lucrative fur trade which for so long had been

+monopolized by French traders at Michilimackinac.</i></p>

+<p><i>After accepting the fort&rsquo;s formal surrender and before

+leaving for the west, Balfour detailed a small force from the

+famous Royal American or 60th Regiment to remain as the

+garrison. Two years later, during the great Indian uprising

+of 1763, fierce Chippewa warriors massacred over half of

+the soldiers and temporarily drove the British out. But within

+a year they returned in greater numbers, and from then until

+1781, when it was abandoned for a new, more easily defended

+post on Mackinac Island, Fort Michilimackinac was one of the

+key links in the chain of military and trading posts which

+Great Britain maintained on the western frontier of its American

+colonies.</i></p>

+<p><i>Among those who came to the fort in the late 1760&rsquo;s was

+a Scotsman, Daniel Morison, surgeon&rsquo;s mate in the Royal

+Americans&rsquo; Second Battalion. Of his life before and after

+his tour of duty at Fort Michilimackinac we know nothing.

+Under ordinary circumstances we would agree with one of

+Morison&rsquo;s commanding officers who told him bluntly, &ldquo;You

+are not worth my Notice.&rdquo; But Morison is worth our attention

+because between 1769 and 1772 he kept a journal in which

+he set down in language that is often unintentionally hilarious

+and at other times brutally frank the best account that we

+have of life at this outpost of European civilization.</i></p>

+<p><i>This important historical document, now published for

+the first time in its entirety, was purchased in 1914 by the

+great collector of materials relating to the history of Michigan

+and the Old Northwest, Clarence M. Burton, who bought

+it from a book seller in London, England, for $55. He

+brought the journal back to the state in which it was written

+where it now rests in the Burton Historical Collection of the

+Detroit Public Library.</i></p>

+<p><i>Dr. Morison&rsquo;s journal provides us with a picture of the

+English population of the fort, a people beset by violence,

+lawlessness, tyrannical officers, petty bickering, and assorted

+<span class="pb" id="Page_7">7</span>

+other problems. A reading of the journal should dispel any

+romantic notions of what conditions were like at an

+eighteenth-century frontier fort.</i></p>

+<p><i>The inhabitants of Michilimackinac consisted of several

+groups. There were the soldiers, numbering around a hundred

+men. A few of them, we learn from Morison, had brought

+out their wives. The commanding officer&rsquo;s house was the most

+impressive of the thirty-odd wooden buildings located within

+the stockade. The other officers lived in various cabins in the

+fort, as did the rank and file of the troops until 1769 when a

+large barracks was constructed in the center of the fort. Dr.

+Morison&rsquo;s complaints about the poor quality of the housing

+are supported by statements of others who commented on the

+ramshackle construction which necessitated constant repairs

+and made the danger of fire an ever-present fear.</i></p>

+<p><i>As a military fort Michilimackinac was scarcely adequate

+even to withstand the attacks of Indians. The post was maintained,

+however, because it was a convenient center of the

+fur trade. The small garrison, with its six-pound and nine-pound

+cannon mounted on the bastions, was enough to impress

+the Indians who lived in the vicinity and those who

+gathered here each summer with the reality of British armed

+might. This symbol of military power protected the English

+fur traders who made up the second, and most important,

+segment of the fort&rsquo;s population.</i></p>

+<p><i>By 1767 Michilimackinac had become for the British as

+it had been for the French the headquarters for the fur trade

+of a fourth of the continent. Canoes were sent out from here

+loaded with trade goods to be exchanged for furs at distant

+Indian villages located in the uncharted wilderness north

+and west of Lake Superior, westward across the Mississippi,

+and southward to the Illinois country. For two or three

+months in the summer hundreds of <span class="f">voyageurs</span> and traders

+came back from the west, bringing in the furs they had

+gathered during the previous year or two. Like the lumberjacks

+of a later era, these men were bent on enjoying to the

+<span class="pb" id="Page_8">8</span>

+fullest degree their brief contact with the comforts of civilization

+before they returned to the west to barter for more furs.</i></p>

+<p><i>A few traders who had acquired sufficient means to enable

+them to hire others to do the actual trading remained here

+the year round and occupied cabins in the fort. These Michilimackinac

+traders, men like Benjamin Frobisher, Isaac Todd,

+George McBeath, and others not mentioned by Morison, together

+with their agents or partners in Montreal who obtained

+the trade goods and sold the furs, dominated the fur

+trade for decades.</i></p>

+<p><i>From Morison&rsquo;s narrative we see that the officers and the

+traders permanently in residence at the fort formed an elite

+group. It is obvious that the French <span class="f">habitants</span> and half-breeds

+who comprised a third part of the fort&rsquo;s population, not to

+mention the Indians of the area, were not admitted to this

+exclusive social club. That the strain of being cooped up in

+the small fort, cut off from all contact with the outside world

+for over half the year, proved too much for some of the members

+of this clique, especially the bachelors, is also obvious.</i></p>

+<p><i>Equally apparent is the fact that Dr. Morison, poor man,

+was unsuited to withstand the rigors of life at this post. He

+was apparently an educated man who could quote accurately

+from Virgil&rsquo;s <span class="f">Aeneid</span>, and a man of refinement and sensitivity.

+To some of the cruder members of the English set he must

+have seemed an easy target and a source of amusement when

+life became too dull and the bowls of toddy ran dry. Feeling

+himself much persecuted, as he certainly was, and outraged

+by the injustices of which he and others were the victims,

+Dr. Morison fumed, but, with a few exceptions, as when he

+refused to permit the whipping of a soldier to continue, he

+lacked the courage necessary to stand up to his oppressors.

+So, like Lieutenant Maryk in <span class="f">The Caine Mutiny</span>, who kept a

+secret log on the activities of his sick captain, Dr. Morison

+recorded in his journal the evidence which he no doubt hoped

+would some day enable him to bring Ensign Robert Johnson,

+Captain George Turnbull, and his other tormentors to justice.</i></p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_9">9</div>

+<p><i>Actually, Dr. Morison probably was not a doctor at all.

+He was a surgeon&rsquo;s mate, which means that he may once

+have been an apprentice to a surgeon and that he may have

+taken a course or two at a medical school but that it is unlikely

+he ever graduated since had he done so he would not

+have been simply a mate. The professional ability of the

+British army surgeon&rsquo;s mate was of a notoriously low order,

+and, if we may believe one of the Royal Americans&rsquo; regimental

+surgeons, Daniel Morison was no exception in this

+respect. Surgeons were scarce, however, and a small frontier

+garrison, even when, as at Michilimackinac, it had been

+plagued by much sickness, had to be satisfied with the services

+of a mate. Unlike the surgeon, who was commissioned

+by the king, the surgeon&rsquo;s mate was only a warrant officer

+appointed by the colonel of the regiment. The mate, therefore,

+was inferior in rank even to the ensign, the lowest of the

+commissioned officers. This was undoubtedly the source of

+many of Morison&rsquo;s problems. He claimed the title of doctor

+and demanded equal status with the officers, who, for their

+part, treated him as they would a common soldier.</i></p>

+<p><i>Comments added at the end of the manuscript in a different

+handwriting indicate that someone in England who

+possessed Morison&rsquo;s journal in the nineteenth century intended

+to publish it in a magazine. No evidence has been

+found that this was done. In preparing the journal for publication

+we have ignored the numerous changes that this

+earlier editor made in the document and have retained

+Morison&rsquo;s own phraseology at all times, including the misspelled

+words and grammatical construction so typical of his

+age. The narrative has been broken into five parts, and

+paragraphing and punctuation has been supplied at some

+places in the interest of easier reading. Material within

+brackets has been inserted by the present editor.</i></p>

+<p><span class="lr"><i>GEORGE S. MAY</i></span></p>

+<div class="verse">

+<p class="t0"><i>Lansing, Michigan</i></p>

+<p class="t0"><i>March 6, 1960</i></p>

+</div>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_10">10</div>

+<div class="img" id="fig4">

+<img src="images/p02.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="677" />

+<p class="pcap">&ldquo;Doctor, damn your blood, get up &amp; give us a bowl of Toddy!&rdquo;</p>

+</div>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_11">11</div>

+<h2 id="c2"><span class="small">I</span>

+<br />An Entertainment and a Violent Assault</h2>

+<div class="img">

+<img src="images/p02a.jpg" alt="Musket and saber" width="139" height="300" />

+</div>

+<p><i><b><span class="xlarge">D</span></b>r. Morison begins his journal innocently enough with

+an account of a party which he and others gave in the fall

+of 1769. Among the other hosts was Isaac Todd, who later

+helped found the great Canadian fur-trading firm, the North

+West Company, and whose long-time partner, James McGill,

+endowed McGill University in Montreal. The party began

+to get out of hand with the arrival of a couple of rowdy

+traders&mdash;John Chinn, who is best remembered as a partner

+in an unsuccessful copper-mining venture in Michigan&rsquo;s Upper

+Peninsula, and Forrest Oaks, who was a prominent fur

+trader at Michilimackinac and later at Montreal for a number

+of years after 1769.</i></p>

+<p><i>Morison, who seems to have been something of a name-dropper,

+mentions as he goes along other men who are familiar

+to students of the fur trade and British military history.

+But all of them are dwarfed by Ensign Robert Johnson, who

+crashed Morison&rsquo;s party and soon turned the evening into

+a nightmare. Johnson (which is apparently how he spelled

+his name, although Morison insists on calling him Johnstone)

+is the villain of Morison&rsquo;s journal, a scoundrel and bully

+whom we come almost to admire for the infinite variety of

+ways in which he gave vent to his evil nature.</i></p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_12">12</div>

+<p><i>He had been deeply involved in the Robert Rogers affair

+which had rocked the little community at Michilimackinac

+two years before. Johnson was in Detroit in the fall of 1767

+where he had gone for the treatment of an injury when a

+messenger from British military headquarters for North America

+arrived with orders to place Major Rogers, commandant

+at Michilimackinac, under arrest on suspicion of treason.

+Johnson brought these orders back to the Straits, and it was

+Lieutenant John Christie, an officer who also figures prominently

+in Morison&rsquo;s journal, who arrested Rogers. Johnson

+later asked to be given charge of the detail that took Rogers

+to Montreal for trial, boasting that he would foil any attempt

+that might be made to set Rogers free. However, when

+Rogers was acquitted, those who had hoped to see him convicted

+charged that the prosecution&rsquo;s case had been fatally

+weakened by Johnson&rsquo;s testimony which had enabled the

+defense to show that Rogers had been mistreated while he

+was a prisoner. Such mistreatment would be in keeping with

+the picture of Johnson&rsquo;s character which emerges from a

+reading of Dr. Morison&rsquo;s journal.</i></p>

+<p class="tb"><b><span class="xlarge">N</span></b>arrative of an Action of Burglary and felony perpetrated

+on the Dwelling House &amp; person of Daniel Morison,

+Surgeon&rsquo;s mate of the 2d. Battn. 60th Regt. at Michilamackinac

+the Seventh day of November (about 5 Oclock in the

+morning) in the Year one thousand seven hundred &amp; sixty

+nine, Vizt:</p>

+<p>That the evening before being the sixth of November,

+Isaac Todd, merchant, William Maxwell, commissary of provisions

+&amp; I proposed to give an Entertainment at Sergt.

+[Thomas] MacMurrays to which we Severally invited such

+people as we thought (in such a remote corner) qualified

+to make the evening pass agreeably. Accordingly we met,

+and everything was carryed on with the greatest Decency &amp;

+innocent Mirth till John Chinn &amp; Forrest Oaks, traders,

+joined us.</p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_13">13</div>

+<p>After drinking a glass round, John Chinn (who appeared

+to be the worse of liquor) before &amp; at supper began to be

+troublesome, opened upon me with Volleys of ragged raillery

+(without the least provocation on my side) and that blended

+with Opprobrious Expressions, namely, that I was an officer

+in the Rebellion &amp;c. in the Year 1745 [the abortive Scottish

+attempt to place Bonnie Prince Charlie on the British throne],

+which tho&rsquo; I knew was an arrant untruth, did not think it

+prudent to make the proper answer his wrongious Assertions

+deserved, [but] waved it off in the smoothest manner, lest

+the Company should be disturbed. Notwithstanding, our

+merriment was in a great measure unhinged, as the said

+John Chinn&rsquo;s only pleasure consisted chiefly in being officious,

+by hobb or nobbing with everyone [who] would chuse to

+drink with him, &amp; indeed importunely pouring perpetually

+in upon those who did not chuse to drink more than would

+do them good.</p>

+<p>About the hour of eleven o&rsquo;clock, Ens. Robert Johnstone

+(who for ought I know invited himself) came in, accompanied

+by Ens. John Strickland &amp; Mr. [George] Main. We

+continued thus till about one O&rsquo;clock in the morning, when

+Numbers of our Company thought proper to retire. I proposed

+retiring also, but Isaac Todd insisted upon my spending

+one hour or two more with them. Rather than disoblige I

+consented.</p>

+<p>About half one hour after, Ens. Johnstone asked the Company

+how their punch pleased them. They answered, well

+enough. Then he, the said Ens. Johnstone, blabbed out publickly,

+Vauntingly &amp; wantonly, he had mingled four ounces

+of Jallap [a purgative] with the water that was a boiling

+for proportioning the Punch &amp; Sangary [wine spiced and

+diluted with water]. This giddy Declaration, instead of meeting

+with approbation, occasioned the interjection of one universal

+sneer. I said nothing tho&rsquo; I perfectly knew such irregular

+proceedings could not be intended for good. Therefore I

+silently winked over it, as others did; at the same time took

+particular notice that Ens. Johnstone drank nothing but wine

+all the night over.</p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_14">14</div>

+<p>John Chinn and Forrest Oaks, who left the Company

+about one o&rsquo;clock, seemingly fuddled, returned to the charge

+one hour &amp; one half thereafter. The abovesaid John Chinn

+appeared to be as unruly as ever. In short, conversation became

+very insipid. Drinking was the principal amusement,

+varnished over with various inconsistencys. At length time

+dragged on very heavily. Consequently [I] excused myself

+to be away, pleading the part I had to act in regard to my

+department. Upon which John Chinn swore by a bloody

+Oath he would come with a Hatchet and pull down my house,

+if I did not stay a little longer. To palliate this foolish menace,

+I thought it prudent to humour, [rather] than exasperate

+[him] on that Occasion.</p>

+<p>[I] continued in [his] company till about four o&rsquo;clock,

+then sheered off quietly not imagineing he would persist in

+his folly. [I] went to bed without dread or fear, as I gave

+no other plausible offense except what my absence suggested

+to them. But the Sequel will evidently discover the Maliciousness

+of their perverse intentions, for about five o&rsquo;clock in

+the morning the seventh of November abovesaid, the door

+of my house was forcibly broke open, one plank of the Door-leaf,

+bars, bolt &amp;c. pulled down to the floor. Upon entering

+my Room they also broke down my stove which was strongly

+made of bricks, clay &amp; lime. This unwarrantable deed was

+principally perpetrated by Ens. Robert Johnstone of the

+2d Battn. &amp; Oaks the trader.</p>

+<p>So fast was I asleep [that I] knew nothing of these violent

+proceedings untill Oaks Surprized me out of a profound sleep,

+tumbling in roughly in my bed [and] bawling loudly, &ldquo;Doctor,

+Doctor, damn your blood, get up &amp; give us a bowl of

+Toddy, other wise You&rsquo;ll repent it.&rdquo;</p>

+<p>I wakened as out of a dream. He, the said Oaks&rsquo; next

+question was if I had my durk by my bed-side. I answered,

+&ldquo;Never in time of peace.&rdquo; Upon this I called to my servant

+John Forbes to light a candle, which was no sooner done, &amp;

+set upon the table at my bed side after my servant retired

+to the kitchen, then the said Ens. Johnstone kicked down &amp;

+<span class="pb" id="Page_15">15</span>

+overturned the table, candle, candlestick, &amp;c., topsy turvy

+in great wrath.</p>

+<p>&ldquo;Is this You, Ens. Johnstone,&rdquo; says I, &ldquo;who behaves so

+rudely.&rdquo;</p>

+<p>&ldquo;You ly,&rdquo; he says, &ldquo;I am a gentleman.&rdquo;</p>

+<p>I made answer that his rude behavior betrayed the contrary

+in the eyes of good men.</p>

+<p>Then he swore bloodily in the height of Rage, he would

+shew me that he was a gentleman &amp; immediately fell upon,

+attacked &amp; pelted me violently in my naked bed, he &amp; his

+abbettor Oaks. The room being dark all my attempts of defence

+were rendered ineffectual by Oaks&rsquo;s exerting his outmost

+strength to entangle me in my sheets &amp; bed-Cloathes out

+of which I struggled to extricate myself like a fish entangled

+in a net. They pelted me pell-mell with incessant blows repeatedly,

+on the face, left breast, &amp;c., to the Effusion of my

+blood. Before I could recover myself out of the jeopardy into

+which I was involved, my shirt, sheets &amp; pillowcase [were]

+all bespattered with gore &amp; blood in my naked bed untill

+Sergt. McMurray &amp; Arthur Ross, soldier, with the assistance

+of my servant, John Forbes, turned them out of the Room.

+Otherwise it is [hard] to know where the consequences would

+end. William Maxwell, the Commissary, &amp; Christian Burgy,

+trader, came in who saw my face bruised all over, besmeared

+[with] Blood.</p>

+<p>In the meantime Forrest Oaks had the impudence to come

+back again, &amp; upon a rehearsal of my bad useage, very unmannerly

+gave me the ly twice or thrice, in my own house.

+To this Sergt. MacMurray, Mr. Maxwell &amp; the abovesaid

+Christian Burgy was present, who can testify in this, as well

+as other Circumstances. I imagined he intended this insult

+as a provocation to stirr me up to do something rash, of which

+he might make a handle to invalidate my pretensions to

+Justice on account of his being accessory to the violent attack

+upon my person as abovesaid.</p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_16">16</div>

+<p>Whether there were more accomplices [who] acted in

+conjunction with Ens. Johnstone &amp; Forrest Oaks at the breakeing

+of my house &amp;c., I cannot positively determine (the room

+being dark) except what may be inferred from a chain of

+Circumstances. For John Chinn (whose mind it seems was

+so replete with the dregs of his former menaces abovesaid,

+as if he intended to make his menace good) he, the said John

+Chinn, was met by Isaac Todd on his way to my house, with

+a great Hatchet in his hand. Mr. Todd asked where he was

+going. The said John Chinn answered, to break down the

+Doctor&rsquo;s house. Upon which Mr. Todd, partly by persuasion,

+&amp; partly by dint of strength, brought him home to his lodgeing.</p>

+<p>Whether it was before this, or after, I cannot say, my

+servant John Forbes catched the said John Chinn at the

+porch before my broken door, with a large Hatchet, while

+the assailants abovesaid, to wit, Ens. Johnstone &amp; Oaks, were

+perpetrating their malicious designs against me. He, the said

+John Forbes, asked the said John Chinn what was he going

+to do with that Hatchet. John Chinn replyed, to break down

+the Doctor&rsquo;s house. After a little altercation my servant persuaded

+him to deliver up the Hatchet.</p>

+<p>No sooner the assailants abovesaid was expelled the house,

+as above mentioned, then the said John Chinn entered my

+house abruptly, as straight as a rush, &amp; with an air of authority,

+impudently (tho&rsquo; he saw my face &amp;c. all over with

+blood besmeared) minding his belly more than my hard treatment

+asked if I should give him a bowl of Toddy, in presence

+of Mr. Maxwell &amp; Mr. Burgy.</p>

+<p>When these irregular proceedings perspired [<i>sic!</i>] the

+most considerable gentlemen in the Garrison came to see

+me, to wit, Capt. [Beamsley] Glazier [commandant, 1768-70],

+Lieut. Nordberg, Lieut. [John] Christie, Ens. Strickland, Mr.

+Todd, Mr. Main, Mr. [Charles?] Morison, Mr. Maxwell &amp;

+Christian Burgy, who can all &amp; one of them attest they plainly

+saw that the door of my house &amp;c. were forcibly broke open

+as abovesaid, &amp; that my face &amp;c. was all over besmeared with

+<span class="pb" id="Page_17">17</span>

+blood &amp; gore, &amp; my shirt, sheets, pillowcase, were plentifully

+bespattered with blood also.</p>

+<p>John Chinn, upon Recollecting what he had done, [realized

+he had] forgot his Hatchet, which he was very impatient

+to have in his possession once more, as it was then in custody

+of my servant John Forbes for about half one hour. The said

+John Chinn employed Christian Burgy, abovesaid, to bring it

+back to him. I did not chuse to give it, but upon the said

+Christian Burgy&rsquo;s earnest Expostulations I complyed, &amp; ordered

+my servant to deliver it. At the same time [I] told

+Christian Burgy it was to the same purpose, as he &amp; my servant

+could testify with Isaac Todd, [to] the maliciousness

+of his [Chinn&rsquo;s] unwarrantable intentions as abovesaid.</p>

+<p>Soon after Ens. Johnstone &amp; his abbettor Forrest Oaks

+had been expelled my house, he, the said Ens. Johnstone,

+went to Ens. Strickland&rsquo;s. The abovesaid Isaac Todd happened

+to be there, who upon Johnston&rsquo;s appearing, observed

+blood upon his hands &amp;c. [Isaac Todd] asked him, where

+he had been. The said Ensign Johnstone replyed Vauntingly,

+he was giveing some knocks to the Doctor.</p>

+<p>About half one hour after seven the evening before, Ens.

+Johnstone with some other accomplices were discovered scaling

+up a ladder opposite to which there was a half door, up

+the loft, at the lower end of my house. My servant John

+Forbes &amp; another soldier observing a noise, as if the half

+door was thrown down upon the loft, [started out] but before

+my servant &amp; the other soldier could get out to make a

+real discovery, the attempters were scattered about different

+ways. What their intentions were in regard to this little Enterprise

+depends upon them to explain but the judicious may

+readily conclude it a prelude to their malicious perpetrations

+before daylight next morning.</p>

+<p>Before, at, or about six weeks preceeding the 7th November

+abovesaid, there was a strong report prevailed in [the]

+Garrison (which I am now persuaded was not without foundation)

+that the said Ens. Johnstone, being in company with

+<span class="pb" id="Page_18">18</span>

+some gentlemen in the fort, had breathed out menaceing and

+malevolent expressions against me, threatening he would

+use me ill.</p>

+<p>Ens. Johnstone&rsquo;s reasons for this extravagant Declaration

+I am yet a stranger to, as it is conscious to myself I never

+did in word or deed give him any just grounds of provocation.

+Notwithstanding this surmise, I took no further notice of

+[it] than studying to evade his Company, excepting behaveing

+with common civility on general terms, as I knew his

+Character among the public to be of a turbulent &amp; troublesome,

+meddling [and] loquacious Disposition.</p>

+<p>Upon the whole, I believe, it will not be attended with

+much Difficulty to investigate sufficient evidences, who will

+attest to the Veracity of the above, when they are legally

+called upon to declare their Sentiments, Solemnly without the

+least partiality or mental reservation in presence of any competent

+Tribunal, by which it will evidently appear (to the

+Judicious) with other concurring Circumstances that the

+forcibly breaking up of my house &amp;c., together with the

+violent assault upon my person as above specifyed, may be

+justly attributed to premeditated &amp; malicious intentions.

+Authentick witnesses to prove the last assertion are Isaac

+Todd, Benjiman Roberts, late Lieut. in the 46th Regt., Benjiman

+Frobbisher, merchant, &amp; William Maxwell, Commissary

+of Provisions in this Fort.</p>

+<p>N. B.: When Sergt. McMurray &amp; Arthur Ross came into

+my house they found Ens. Johnstone holding my servant by

+the hair of his head &amp; pelting at him with several knocks

+altennarly [alternately?] for attempting to force him out of

+the house, which he got accomplished with the assistance of

+Sergt. MacMurray &amp; Arthur Ross.</p>

+<p>N. B.: That in the month of March 1766, he [Johnson]

+threatened he would break my head. No sooner [did] I

+put myself in a position of Defence, but he desisted from

+his insolent menaces. Proof: Lieut. Allan Grant of the 2d.

+Battn., Lieut. Varingon &amp; Adjutant Biron [John Burrent],

+both of the 1st. Battn. 60th Regt.</p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_19">19</div>

+<h2 id="c3"><span class="small">II</span>

+<br />Concerning the Most Irregular Proceedings</h2>

+<div class="img">

+<img src="images/p03.jpg" alt="Flags" width="250" height="386" />

+</div>

+<p><i><b><span class="xlarge">D</span></b>aniel Morison was so incensed by the events related

+in the preceding narrative that he wrote out two versions,

+which, however, with the exception of an occasional difference

+in wording are the same. Following these events, from

+time to time he recorded some of the &ldquo;irregular proceedings&rdquo;

+which transpired at the fort, largely as a result of the actions

+of the irrepressible Ensign Johnson.</i></p>

+<p><i>Morison&rsquo;s journal illustrates vividly how completely the

+military authorities dominated the lives of the fort&rsquo;s inhabitants.

+Not only were the soldiers at the mercy of their officers,

+but civilians, such as Morison&rsquo;s nephew, William Morison,

+were helpless in the face of military indifference to their

+problems since there was no civil authority at Michilimackinac

+or anywhere else in what is now Michigan to which

+they might appeal during this period. Traders constantly

+complained at the high-handed actions of the fort&rsquo;s commanders

+who, these traders charged, used their position to

+gain great material benefits for themselves and imposed

+ruinous regulations on those traders who would not give

+them a cut of their profits. The royal government sought to

+correct these abuses, but throughout the period of British

+rule Michilimackinac is said to have had a reputation as a

+center of corruption and misrule.</i></p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_20">20</div>

+<div class="img" id="fig5">

+<img src="images/p04.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="714" />

+<p class="pcap">&ldquo;Ensign Johnstone (who was there with his wife)

+saluted him with innumberable knocks &amp; kicks.&rdquo;</p>

+</div>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_21">21</div>

+<h3 id="c4">Remarks December 1769.</h3>

+<p>[1stly.] That a few days after this unwarrantable Outrage

+perpetrated against my dwelling House &amp; person, John Chinn

+&amp; Forrest Oaks were so conscious of their Enormous guilt

+[and] struck with such a Remorse, that they declared that

+they would upon their knees publickly on the Parade beg

+to be pardoned if that would satisfy for the Errors they were

+conscious of haveing committed. This they expressed in the

+Audience of William Maxwell, Commissary, Sergt. McMurray,

+George McBeath, [and] Henry Williams, traders.</p>

+<p>2dly. That a certain gentleman heard it surmised among

+them that if the above Submission would not take place, they

+might have another Resolve which was to tamper with my

+Servant &amp; advance him one hundred pounds by way of bribe,

+as they looked on him as the most Material witness in my

+intended process against them.</p>

+<p>3rdly. Such is the depraved disposition of this profligate

+Garrison at this Juncture (as well as now degenerateing into

+the most irregular proceedings dayly) they had recourse to

+calumnious aspersions contriveing to patch up false invective

+&amp; ignominous Reports (as under the Necessity of keeping my

+room, on account of the Severe [bruises] I had sustained from

+such a rough handleing, that I wore Boots with Creepers in

+my Room &amp; [was] found lying down in my bed with them);

+with this additional &amp; abominable connivance that I kept so

+long close in my Room to embrace one opportunity to drive

+away Sorrow &amp; get drunk privately. Such are the Diabolical

+dispositions of many in this remote garrison who make a

+perpetual habit of murdering time in excesses of Debauchery

+&amp; most Licentious practices. These false aspersions I had

+communicated to me by George Main and Charles Morison,

+trader, the 10th December, 1769.</p>

+<p>4thly. Upon the 11th do. Ens. Johnstone assumed to encroach

+upon my Province by visiting Sergt. McPherson of

+the Colonel&rsquo;s Company, who says he never sent for him

+Directly or indirectly. He immediately insisted upon seeing

+his wound, tho&rsquo; he was but newly dressed one hour before,

+<span class="pb" id="Page_22">22</span>

+[and] took off the dressings, &amp;c. After inspection he told my

+patient for his comfort, it looked very bad, &amp; that he knew

+nothing better for him than to bathe it with brandy. [He]

+set off directly, &amp; left the tumefyed wound exposed to the

+Open air, till my servant was obliged to go &amp; dress him a

+second time. This among the rest is one specimen of the

+Ens. Johnstone&rsquo;s activity to interfere in matters which did

+not concern him. That at the same time he told Sergt. McPherson

+if he belonged to the Company, he [would give]

+commands. He would immediately confine Dr. Morison in the

+common guard house.</p>

+<p>N. B.: That in a few days after this Violent Assault, John

+Chinn and Forrest Oaks were observed conjointly &amp; severally,

+loading their guns &amp; pistoles, which I dare say were intended

+for bad purposes which they would in all appearance have

+prosecuted had not their proceedings been disapproved of by

+a certain gentleman in the Garrison.</p>

+<p>One night the ensueing spring, when they carroused heartily

+at their Bowl, John Chinn proposed to pay another Visit

+to the Doctor, which being disapproved of by one of the

+principals in the Assault, was dropped.</p>

+<p>The 25th. December 1769. Ens. Johnstone with his irregular

+associates, contrived among them, about day set in

+the evening, to send a frenchman, who served Isaac Todd

+merchant, upon a false Message to me two different times in

+great haste, acquainting me that his master was very sick, &amp;

+that he earnestly, in the most pressing manner, demanded my

+immediate assistance. Upon which I Repaired directly to

+wait upon Mr. Todd, &amp; upon due enquiry, found the Message

+to be a mere bubble, very like the triffling projectors, Isaac

+Todd declareing himself well, &amp; took it highly amiss that they

+should take such libertys with his name, or give me such

+Unnecessary trouble.</p>

+<p>Some time in Summer 1770, Ens. Johnstone Knocked down

+a soldier of the general&rsquo;s Company, called Walker by name,

+in presence of the Commanding officer, Capt. [George] Turnbull.

+<span class="pb" id="Page_23">23</span>

+The poor soldier applyed to me, &amp; told me he was afraid

+his cheek bone was broke, which did not happen to be the

+case, tho&rsquo; it was prodigiously swelled. Which cost me five

+or six days attendance and applications, before he recovered

+so as to be fit for Duty.</p>

+<p>Sunday evening at 11 O&rsquo;clock, 2d. December 1770, a

+frenchman knocked at the door of my house very hard, when

+I was abed. Imagining it Might be from some sick soldier,

+[I] called to my servant to open the Door, &amp; there appeared

+a frenchman with a card in his hand, charged with Mr.

+Chinn&rsquo;s Compliments to Doctor Morison, begging the favour

+of his Company to take a dance with them at Christian

+Burge&rsquo;s house. This I rejected with outmost derision &amp; Contempt,

+as I never did prostitute my judgement so low as to

+join Company of any Denomination to break the Lord&rsquo;s day

+in such a publick [and] infamous manner; &amp; indeed I looked

+upon the Company so mean that I should be very scrupulous

+to join them even on a Weekly day. I doubt not but Ens.

+Johnstone might be at the head of such a Heathenish proposition

+as there is no irregularitys committed here, wherein he

+is not either a prompter or a ready Countenancer if not a

+perpetrator.</p>

+<p>Sunday the 9th December 1770. Betwixt the hours of 11

+&amp; 12 o&rsquo;Clock forenoon, when the Garrison was at Church,

+Sergt. [Thomas] Carlile of the general&rsquo;s company had the

+guard that day, &amp; being thirsty stepped over to his own

+house (which was adjacent &amp; directly opposite to his guard)

+for a drink of spruce beer. He no sooner opened the Door

+of his room than Ens. Johnstone (who was there with his

+wife) saluted him with innumberable knocks &amp; kicks till

+(almost in his own words to me) he had knocked his head

+into blubber, then kicked him in the private parts (from

+which Violence his private parts, particularly one of his

+testicles, are greatly Swelled, of a hue black as his Hat).

+[Johnson gave him] many bumps upon his head, [and]

+his jaw bones, as he himself says, [are] so painful that he

+can scarce open his mouth, but with great difficulty.</p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_24">24</div>

+<p>The poor Sergt. immediately returned to his guard &amp; the

+next day applyed to the commanding officer Capt. Turnbull

+of this Fort for his Protection in regard to his most grievious

+situation, from the Attrocious and barbarous usage he had

+sustained by the violent proceedings of Ens. Johnstone whom

+he was determined to prosecute to the outmost for the Violence

+done to his person, in his own house.</p>

+<p>N. B.: Ens. Johnstone confined two or three soldiers in

+the black-hole for being absent from Divine service, where

+they were in durance while he himself was pounding &amp; kicking

+the poor Sergt. in this barbarous manner.</p>

+<p>Late in the evening Sunday above said, Ens. Johnstone

+was swaggering away upon the Parade with a naked sword,

+or Dagger, in his hand, &amp; when it seems he could not meet

+a Humane [<i>sic</i>] Subject to Use ill, he wrecked his Vengeance

+on a dog (belonging to one of the Soldiers of the Garrison)

+by cutting him to the back-bone. The poor brute made such

+a hideous noise, his wound being beyond Remedy, [that]

+his master was obliged out of Pity to put him out of pain by

+shooting him thro&rsquo; the head.</p>

+<p>Wednesday 12th December 1770. A little before Roll-Call

+Ens. Johnstone struck my servant, John Forbes, by giveing

+him several blows, which hurt him prodigiously, for attempting

+to ridd some Dogs that were a fighting &amp; make[ing] a

+terrible Noise at the Door of my house. He struck Sergt.

+McMurray, acting Sergt. Major in the fort, with a severe

+blow, at the same time knocked down flat [on] the ground

+Henry Adams of the Collonel&rsquo;s Company, so that the dogs

+of this garrison are so Usefull, Sergents &amp; Soldiers must be

+knocked down for attempting to hinder them from fighting &amp;

+makeing a noise.</p>

+<p>Ens. Johnstone kicked Sergt. McPherson of the Collonel&rsquo;s

+Company in presence of the Commanding officer, a little

+before he went down to Detroit last fall. Wednesday 26th

+December 1770, upon the evening of that day Ens. Johnstone

+knocked down Sergt. May upon the Parade, by giveing

+<span class="pb" id="Page_25">25</span>

+him two severe blows on the neck &amp; Jawbones, after which

+he confined him, brought him to a tryal, &amp; sentenced [him]

+to be reduced to the ranks.</p>

+<p>On Saturday 29th, Do., Ens. Johnstone wrangled with my

+nephew, William Morison, erroneously &amp; threatened to confine

+him in the common guard-house.</p>

+<p>Sunday evening 30th Do., Mrs. [George] McBeath invited

+me to walk into her house. I was no sooner seated than

+she entered a grieveous Complaint to me against Ens. Johnstone,

+affirming that he used uncommon libertys with her

+Character, upon which she wrote him the evening before a

+very spirited Letter of which she shewed me a Copy. She

+actually pronounced him a very bad man. As a strong instance

+of which, among many she could adduce, she declared he

+had frequently tampered with her by many stratagems to

+destroy her peace with her husband, which she looked upon

+as such a vile insinuation she was determined never to admit

+of his Company for the future.</p>

+<p>Tuesday evening the 1st. Jan&rsquo;y 1771. John Savage, Taylor

+&amp; Soldier in the general&rsquo;s Company, twixt 11 &amp; 12, had the

+Door of his house forced open [and was] committed to the

+guard-house for not suffering his wife to comply with obscene

+proposit[ions made] to her. At this Exploit Ens. Johnstone

+was one of the chief witnesses. The prisoner was set at liberty

+next morning without any crime given against him.</p>

+<p>Monday the 7th Jan&rsquo;y 1771. Ens. Johnstone decoyed away

+Sergt. Carlile&rsquo;s wife, which he has been contriveing to accomplish

+many months before this finishing stroake, &amp; tho&rsquo;

+her husband was like to break his Heart, and crying out

+his Eyes on the occasion, Yet no Remonstrances would be

+payed the least attention to. Ens. Johnstone quitted his Room

+in the officer&rsquo;s barracks that evening which he exchanged with

+Mr. Main for his. [He] sleeped with her that night in his

+new room where he lives with her still, without dread or

+shame, while the poor Husband is left in such a disconsolate

+situation that is not easy to describe. He next morning (poor

+<span class="pb" id="Page_26">26</span>

+man) applyed to the Commanding Officer, who gave him no

+satisfactory redress, as he did not chuse to interfere either

+pro or con. Yet the next day after her Elopement from her

+husband she had the honnour of dining with the commanding

+officer and his mess, who drank tea with her that evening at

+her new lodgeings.</p>

+<p>Sergt. Carlile had the mortification to see his wife dayly

+conducted by one of the mess to dine with the commanding

+officer, Capt. Turnbul, &amp; the good Company with him, at

+which the poor Sergt. was like to go distracted but could

+not help himself.</p>

+<p>Ens. Johnstone in the month [of December?] 1770, haveing

+crossed on a party of pleasure in company with Capt.

+Turnbull &amp; William Maxwell, Commissary, flogged Knight,

+Soldier in the general&rsquo;s Company, with his own hand, without

+any regular tryal for his crime. Proof: William Maxwell, Commissary,

+Rogers &amp; McLean, soldiers.</p>

+<p>As Ens. Johnstone thought proper to turn trader by selling

+of common rum to the soldiers &amp; all others by whom he

+might gain a penny in this clandestine Manner, in the month

+of October 1767, he was observed to have filled up several

+Barrels of common rum with boiling water to make up the

+Leakage. Afterwards [he] sold this at 18. sh. York currency

+pr. gallon to Sergeants &amp; Soldiers &amp;c. in the Garrison. Proof:

+Sergeants McMurray &amp; Carlile with his own servant Arthur

+Ross, who assisted him by his own self in the deceitfull

+operation.</p>

+<p>Upon friday the 8th febry. 1771, Ens. Johnstone in presence

+of the Commanding officer, Capt. Turnbull, Ens. Strickland,

+George Main, William Maxwell, Commissary, [and]

+George McBeath, trader, attacked William Morison, my

+nephew, in a most rude and Violent manner, without any

+evident cause, in the billiard Room in the presence of six

+witnesses. The Young man (who is sometimes liable to a

+fainting Disposition) in the Scuffle he fell down &amp; cryed

+Murder! William Maxwell, Commissary of provisions, interposed,

+<span class="pb" id="Page_27">27</span>

+by which he received some knocks from Ens. Johnstone

+without returning one blow, after which Johnstone

+passed by [the] Commissary in a furious manner, &amp; the young

+man was flat down in a swoon. Ens. Johnstone raised up his

+left arm &amp; gave him repeated thumps opposite to the heart,

+by which it would appear he intended to murder the young

+man.</p>

+<p>He is now under care &amp; it is a chance if ever he can get

+the better of it. The commanding officer with all those of their

+Club was present to all this. Some of them I am told stood

+firm with their backs to the room door, I suppose to hinder

+any from comeing in to the assistance of the ill-used Young

+man. At length the noise brought in Mr. Harise, who can

+attest to everything he saw. Mr. Harise with one or two more

+carryed him for dead to his room, where after untying his

+stock he gradually recovered from his trance.</p>

+<p>In the evening I went with my Nephew to wait on Capt.

+Turnbull to enter a Complaint of his hard usage. After all

+the remonstrances he could suggest, the Commanding Officer

+would give him no Redress, tho&rsquo; he himself was personally

+present to the crime committed by Johnstone. Upon which I

+myself made application to Capt. Turnbull in the humblest

+manner to put Ens. Johnstone under arrest &amp; that there was

+no possibility of maintaining peace in the Garrison while

+Johnstone was at liberty, nor could I think myself safe in the

+Execution of my Office if my Remonstrances to him on that

+score did not take place, which Capt. Turnbull Absolutely

+refused to do by saying, with some warmth, he would not

+put Johnstone under arrest, tho&rsquo; there [were] as many crimes

+against him as words on his Commission.</p>

+<p>The 23d. feby. 1771. Ens. Johnstone quarrelled with William

+Maxwell, Commissary, &amp; revilled [him] (if not gave him

+a few blows) with exasperating expressions, both in company

+of the commanding officer, who, when words became

+too high, ordered Ens. Johnstone to his room, wherein he

+did not continue above twenty four hours, for reasons best

+known to the Commanding Officer &amp; himself.</p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_28">28</div>

+<div class="img" id="fig6">

+<img src="images/p05.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="684" />

+<p class="pcap">&ldquo;... a woman who I have the greatest regard for

+distracted me by her imprudent behaviour.&rdquo;</p>

+</div>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_29">29</div>

+<h2 id="c5"><span class="small">III</span>

+<br />A Regimental Court-Martial</h2>

+<div class="img">

+<img src="images/p05a.jpg" alt="Drum" width="184" height="250" />

+</div>

+<p><i><b><span class="xlarge">T</span></b>he little domestic tragedy involving Sergeant Thomas

+Carlile, his wife, and Ensign Robert Johnson, the first two

+acts of which transpired in the last chapter, now comes to

+an end with the utter defeat and humiliation of the poor

+sergeant.</i></p>

+<p><i>Brought to trial on a charge of being disrespectful to an

+officer, Carlile sought to get his case tried not by a regimental

+court-martial, but by a general court-martial which would

+have a larger number of judges, including officers from other

+units, who would be more likely to judge his case without

+prejudice. With Ensign Johnson sitting as a member of the

+court it is not surprising that Carlile&rsquo;s request was denied

+nor that he was found guilty and reduced to the rank of

+private.</i></p>

+<p><i>Carlile shortly was restored to his sergeant&rsquo;s rating but

+only after agreeing to take back his faithless wife and writing

+a letter at Johnson&rsquo;s order in which he abjectly begged

+forgiveness for daring to suggest that the ensign ought not

+to sit as a member of the court.</i></p>

+<p><i>The record of Carlile&rsquo;s court-martial was stricken from

+the regimental orderly book, but Morison copied the proceedings

+as follows:</i></p>

+<blockquote>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_30">30</div>

+<p><i>Michilamackinac, February 16th, 1771.</i></p>

+<p><i>Proceedings of a Regimental Court Martial, 2d. Battn. 60th

+Regt. by order of Capt. Turnbull, Commandant.</i></p>

+<p><span class="lr"><i>President&mdash;Lieut. Christie</i></span></p>

+<p><i>Prisoner, Sergt. Carlile</i></p>

+<p><span class="lr"><i>Ens. Johnstone, member</i></span></p>

+<p><i>Confined by order of Ens. Strickland for being insolent

+&amp; behaveing with Disrespect to him. Ens. Strickland informs

+the Court that he went a Carrioling [riding in a cariole, a

+kind of sleigh] with a Woman under his Protection (namely

+Sergt. Carlile&rsquo;s wife and Ens. Johnstone&rsquo;s whore) [and] that

+the prisoner came up and wished that the Carriole, horse

+and all, might break in &amp; go under the ice, with other insolent

+Language.</i></p>

+<p><i>The Prisoner being put to defence denys the crime &amp;

+says he will not be tryed by a Regimental Courtmartial, but

+desires a general one, &amp; objects to Ens. Johnstone, for reasons

+he now will not mention. The Court is of oppinion the

+prisoner is guilty of the crime laid to his Charge, therefore

+do sentence him to be reduced and serve as private in the

+Ranks.</i></p>

+<p><span class="lr"><i>Signed/ Lieut. Christie, president</i></span></p>

+<p><span class="lr"><i>Approved, George Turnbull, Commandant.</i></span></p>

+</blockquote>

+<p>Febry 1st. 1771. Ens. Johnstone by threats &amp; promises

+prevailed upon Sergt. Carlile, by frequent tamperings &amp;

+Solicitations, to take his wife back again. I imagine upon

+Examination of this accommodation it will appear equally

+abominable as the original iniquitous &amp; intrigueing proceedings.</p>

+<p>The 23d febry 1771. Ensigns Johnstone &amp; Strickland haveing

+requested of the commanding officer that Thomas Carlile,

+late Sergt. in generall Armstrong&rsquo;s Company, should be restored,

+he is therefore restored to his former rank (after

+signing, I fancy, uncommon preliminarys dictated to him by

+<span class="pb" id="Page_31">31</span>

+the Destroyer of his peace and tranquility). He is to be

+obeyed as such. One infamous restoration indeed when the

+terms are narrowly scrutinized.</p>

+<p>N. B.: That upon the 26th febry. 1771. Capt. Turnbull,

+Commandant, Issued verbal orders to Sergt. [Mc]Murray of

+the General&rsquo;s Company to Erase the proceedings of the

+Regimental Court Martial concerning Sergt. Carlile&rsquo;s tryal

+out of the Regimental Orderly book, &amp; if he could, would get

+it Erased out of the orderly book of the Lieut. Colonel&rsquo;s

+Company also. Accordingly Sergt. McGann of the Colonel&rsquo;s

+Company did erase it, without any previous notice given to

+the officer who commanded the Company. As that officer was

+not a little surprized at such uncommon proceedings, he immediately

+confined him in the guard-house, who in his own

+defence told his officer he received positive orders from the

+acting Sergt. Major so to do, who had told him it was the

+orders of the day by the commanding officer, Capt. Turnbull.

+Upon which the officer commanding the Coll&rsquo;s Company

+sent for the acting Sergt. Major who acknowledged to him

+he had received orders from the Commanding officer of the

+Fort to have the tryall of Sergt. Carlile torn out of the Book

+of both Companies doing duty in Garrison. Upon which

+Declaration the officer set Sergt. McGann at liberty.</p>

+<blockquote>

+<p><span class="lr"><i>Michilamackinac, 22d. febry 1771</i></span></p>

+<p><i>Sir&mdash;</i></p>

+<p><i>I hope You will pardon my takeing this Liberty to trouble

+You, but to ease my own mind I cannot avoid it, by the

+instigation of my own Notions. I was so imprudent to object

+to Ens. Johnstone&rsquo;s being a member of my Court Martial,

+altho&rsquo; I am now well convinced that his own Honnour would

+not allow him to do anything prejudicial to Justice. The only

+Excuse I can make to him &amp; Ens. Strickland is that a Woman

+who I have the greatest regard for distracted me by her imprudent

+behaviour. This, Sir, I hope in some part will Extenuate

+my Crimes, &amp; I shall only further beg leave to Observe

+<span class="pb" id="Page_32">32</span>

+that Ens. Johnstone has behaved to me as a good

+officer, &amp; I have no ground of Complaint against him, &amp; I

+am extreamely sorry for, &amp; beg his forgiveness &amp; Ens. Strickland&rsquo;s

+for my past behaveour, which I never will be guilty

+of again.</i></p>

+<p><i>I have the Honnour to be, Sir,</i></p>

+<div class="verse">

+<p class="lc"><i>Your most Dutifull &amp; humble Servant,</i></p>

+</div>

+<div class="verse">

+<p class="lc"><i>Signed&mdash;Tho&rsquo;s Carlile, late Sergt.</i></p>

+</div>

+<div class="verse">

+<p class="t0"><i>To Capt. Turnbull</i></p>

+<p class="t"><i>Commanding at Michilamackinac</i></p>

+</div>

+<p><i>The above is a coppy of a Letter directed to Capt. Turnbull

+by order of Ens. Johnstone.</i></p>

+<div class="verse">

+<p class="t3"><i>a true Copy</i></p>

+</div>

+<div class="verse">

+<p class="lc"><i>Signed/ Tho&rsquo;s McMurray</i></p>

+<p class="lc"><i>acting Sergt. Major</i></p>

+</div>

+</blockquote>

+<div class="img" id="fig7">

+<img src="images/p06.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="455" />

+<p class="pcap">Ft. Michilimackinac during the 1770&rsquo;s</p>

+</div>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_33">33</div>

+<h2 id="c6"><span class="small">IV</span>

+<br />A Catalogue of Foul Deeds</h2>

+<div class="img">

+<img src="images/p06a.jpg" alt="Stocks" width="123" height="299" />

+</div>

+<p><i><b><span class="xlarge">D</span></b>r. Morison now summarizes the evidence he had collected

+against Ensign Johnson into a catalogue of his &ldquo;exploits.&rdquo;

+In addition to proving that the ensign was a respecter

+of no one, regardless of age, rank, sex, or position, the catalogue

+includes the intriguing report of alleged intimacies

+between Johnson and Mrs. Robert Rogers. This information

+may be true since we learn from another source that Major

+Rogers was said to have been jealous of Johnson. The ironical

+aspect of this whole matter is that ten years later when

+Elizabeth Rogers sued for a divorce from the major one of

+her grounds for the action was that her husband had been

+unfaithful to her while they were at Michilimackinac.</i></p>

+<p><i>Ensign Johnson finally met his match in the tough Connecticut

+trader, Phineas Pond, and resigned his commission

+in November, 1771, and disappeared from the scene.</i></p>

+<p><i>Sentencing a soldier to receive a thousand lashes, which

+Morison also relates in this chapter, was an unusually brutal

+penalty, although at least one sentence of fifteen-hundred

+lashes of the &ldquo;cat&rdquo; is on record. Ordinarily ten lashes was

+regarded as sufficient punishment for most offenses and as

+many as thirty-nine lashes was considered cruel.</i></p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_34">34</div>

+<div class="img" id="fig8">

+<img src="images/p07.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="776" />

+<p class="pcap">&ldquo;... sentenced to Receive 1000 lashes for Desertion.&rdquo;</p>

+</div>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_35">35</div>

+<p><b><span class="xlarge">M</span></b>ichilamackinack, 10th Aprile 1771. Ens. Johnstone attempted

+a rape on a girl betwixt nine &amp; ten Years of age.

+Her shrieking out Violently alarmed her step-father, Arthur

+Ross, &amp; others in the barracks. This Arthur Ross was servant

+to Ens. Johnstone at the time, who upon makeing remonstrances

+the next morning to Ens. Johnstone of his rude &amp; uncommon

+behaveour, Received a very severe blow on the left

+breast from his master, Ens. Johnstone, which made him quit

+his service instantly.</p>

+<p>Ens. Johnstone acknowledged publickly, by way of

+Bravado, he had carnal dealings with Mrs. Oldham (the

+mother of this girl upon whom he attempted this Rape) three

+years agoe, and about twenty Days agoe he vaunted of the

+same foul deed, declaring publickly it was [no one&rsquo;s business?].

+This declaration happened two or three days before

+he attempted the Rape upon her Young Daughter.</p>

+<p>Tuesday the 23d Aprile 1771. We had a kind of horse

+race here; the most of the garrison walked out to enjoy the

+pleasure of the Show. Ens. Johnstone being appointed as one

+of the Judges upon the Occasion, Ens. Strickland&rsquo;s mare was

+saddled for him, that he might be enabled to execute the

+important office with the more Alacrity. The racers appeared

+on the ground expecting Ens. Johnstone with outmost impatience.

+[They] sent several messages in quest of him; his

+mare was found; but he himself could not, &amp; no wonder for

+he was then in a Captain&rsquo;s Cabin marking barrells of Liquor

+to be Rolled over to the Suttler&rsquo;s house, which was observed

+to be conveyed in this manner by Creditable Witnesses. Ens.

+Johnstone seized this opportunity very seasonably while the

+racers waited half one hour for his Judicial appearance before

+they could start.</p>

+<p>After secureing his Cargoe in this manner he appeared

+soon after the racers started. The horse won &amp; the mare lost

+the race (which is a surprizing Circumstance) according

+[to] the prevailing constitution of this fort.</p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_36">36</div>

+<p>Thursday 25th. Aprile 1771. A Barrell of Liquor, at least

+presumed to be, was Rolled over to the Suttler&rsquo;s about 12

+o&rsquo;clock forenoon. This Barrell was marked Capt G. T. [George

+Turnbull] &amp; rolled over by Donaldson [?] of the General&rsquo;s

+Company.</p>

+<h3 id="c7">A Catalogue of Ens. Robert Johnstone of the 2d. Battl. Exploits.</h3>

+<p class="revint">1. Knocked down a frenchman at Grosse pointe.</p>

+<p class="revint">2. Quarrelled with Mr. [Alexander] Baxter.</p>

+<p class="revint">3. Quarrelled with Major [Robert] Rogers, &amp; used uncommon

+freedom with his wife, common fame says to the

+extent of carnal conversation with her.</p>

+<p class="revint">4th. Wounded Corpl. Johnstone of the general&rsquo;s Company in

+the arm.</p>

+<p class="revint">5thly. Attempted to draw his sword upon Mr. [Benjamin]

+Frobisher for which he was put under arrest.</p>

+<p class="revint">6thly. Quarrelled with &amp; insulted Capt. [Frederick] Spiecmacher

+[commandant, 1767-68], for which he was under

+arrest for five months.</p>

+<p class="revint">7thly. Selling of Common Rum to the Soldiers, mixing water

+with it, &amp; selling it afterwards at 18. sh. York Currency pr.

+Gallon.</p>

+<p class="revint">8thly. Knockeing down Mr. Farrol, Barrack master, betwixt

+70 &amp; 80 Years of age, on board of the Gladwin.</p>

+<p class="revint">9thly. Nonsuited at a prosecution in favours of a prostitute.</p>

+<p class="revint">10thly. Committed Felony, attempted by him &amp; two accomplices,

+against the person of Doctor Morison.</p>

+<p class="revint">11thly. Intended murder by Poison.</p>

+<p class="revint">12thly. Mixing four ounces of Jallap with the water boiled

+for Punch at a publick Enter[tain]ment.</p>

+<p class="revint">13thly. Challenged Lieut. Christie, &amp; asked him pardon without

+coming to a tryal.</p>

+<p class="revint">14thly. Sporting with Capt. [John] Browne &amp; Capt. Glazier&rsquo;s

+Characters, calling the last a mean, low lived, Dirty fellow.</p>

+<p class="revint">15thly. Flogged Knight, Soldier of the General&rsquo;s Company,

+by his own hand with a wooden Switch, in presence of

+Capt. Turnbull without the benefit of a Court martial.</p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_37">37</div>

+<p class="revint">16thly. Kicked &amp; Cuffed Sergeants &amp; Soldiers upon the publick

+Parade, to which the Commanding officer was present

+at some of those Irregularitys.</p>

+<p class="revint">17thly. Attempted to Murder William Morison, Nephew

+to Doctor Morison, to which Capt. Turnbull, Commanding

+Officer, was present, with many others.</p>

+<p class="revint">18thly. Kicked and Cuffed Sergt. Carlile in his own house

+upon a Sabbath day when the garrison was at Church,

+&amp; in the Scuffle hurt one of his stones.</p>

+<p class="revint">19thly. Some days after that he decoyed away the Sergt&rsquo;s

+wife, Mrs. Carlile, who lived with him upwards of six

+weeks at Bed &amp; board &amp;c.</p>

+<p class="revint">20thly. Vaunted he had Carnal dealings with Mrs. Oldham &amp;

+three Years after attempted a Rape upon her daughter

+betwixt 9 &amp; 10 years of age.</p>

+<p class="revint">2lst. Was put under arrest by Capt. Turnbull for the space

+of 24 hours for Quarrelling with Maxwell the Commissary.</p>

+<p class="revint">22d. Attempted to sow Discord betwixt George McBeath

+and his wife to whom he offered one hundred pounds &amp;c

+provideing she would take up with him &amp; quit her husband.</p>

+<p class="revint">23d. Sergt. Carlile of the General&rsquo;s Company Objected to

+Ens. Johnstone as a member of a Regimental Court

+Martial, set upon his Accusation [to] which [he] pleaded

+not guilty, &amp; for certain Reasons desired the benefit of a

+general Court martial, which was denyed him.</p>

+<p>30th May 1771. That evening after Roll Call, a Delinquent,

+James Coleman, soldier of the Lieut Colonel&rsquo;s Company,

+sentenced to Receive 1000 Lashes for Desertion, received

+near five hundred &amp; would have received more had

+not I intervened to hinder any more proceedings as he was

+not able to endure any more.</p>

+<p>That very evening of the 30th he was ordered by the

+Commanding officer to the flogging post to receive the rest

+of his punishment, without Consulting me whether he was

+fit to receive them or not. He appeared under a file of men,

+<span class="pb" id="Page_38">38</span>

+in presence of the whole garrison, to undergoe that which he

+was not able to support. At that Juncture, he immediately

+fell upon his Knees &amp; begged Capt. Turnbull to delay the

+rest of his punishment till he was more fit to undergoe them.

+Upon this application Capt. Turnbull asked my oppinion. I

+answered he was not fit, &amp; consequently he was under the

+necessity of being carryed home to the Guard house by two

+soldiers of the guard.</p>

+<p>This lenity of mine in favours of the prisoner produced the

+following Garrison orders (tho&rsquo; there was no previous complaint

+lodged):</p>

+<blockquote>

+<p><i>Michilimackinac 31. May 1771. For the future the officer

+of the Day will visit the men&rsquo;s barracks every forenoon at

+12 o&rsquo;clock to see that the Barracks are kept clean &amp; that the

+sick or lame are regularly visited by the Surgeon; when

+prisoners are in that situation the Sergt. of the Guard will

+report to the officer of the day if it should happen that they

+are not Regularly attended.</i></p>

+</blockquote>

+<p>The 10th of June 1771. Ens. Johnstone quarrelled with

+Phinehas Pond, a trader from New England. The dispute became

+very warm with high &amp; insulting Expressions. At length

+in the height of their dispute Ens. Johnstone took down a

+brace of pistoles off the chimney brace, presented them to

+Pond at the Table, challengeing him to take up one of them,

+which Phineas Pond did directly. Ens. Johnstone in wrath

+desired Mr. Pond to give his Pistol to Mr. Howard, trader,

+to charge. He replyed he would not give his Pistol to any

+man to charge; upon which Pond began to charge his Pistol

+as fast as he could work. Ens. Johnstone (observeing that

+Mr. Pond was about chargeing so brisk) took hold of his own

+pistol by the barrell &amp; pushed the butt of it violently &amp;

+struck him with great fury in the Pit of the stomach, which

+staggered him surpriseingly. This unexpected proceeding prevented

+Pond from loading his Pistol, which he was obliged

+to drop &amp; make of his hands in his own defence, which he

+plyed about so manfully that Ens. Johnstone fell flat directly

+upon the floor. Phineas Pond gave him such terrible bruiseings,

+black eyes &amp;c. that Ens. Johnstone was obliged to keep

+<span class="pb" id="Page_39">39</span>

+his Room for several days, &amp; tho&rsquo; this day is the 6th. since

+his disaster, he is not Yet recovered, walking about slowly

+with a pair of black Eyes. What the consequences of this

+uggly affair will turn out to I cannot determine.</p>

+<p>Ensign Johnstone sold Mr. [Ezekial] Solomon the Jew

+ninety gallons of common Rum June 1771. The year before

+he sold fifty bundles of dryed Venison to the said Solomon

+at 2 sh. &amp; 6d for the benefit of Capt. Turnbull, commanding

+officer of this Fort.</p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_40">40</div>

+<div class="img" id="fig9">

+<img src="images/p08.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="677" />

+<p class="pcap">&ldquo;... without these expenses I must starve of cold.&rdquo;</p>

+</div>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_41">41</div>

+<h2 id="c8"><span class="small">V</span>

+<br />Monstrum Horrendum Ingens!</h2>

+<div class="img">

+<img src="images/p08a.jpg" alt="Flags" width="233" height="384" />

+</div>

+<p><i><b><span class="xlarge">W</span></b>ith this partial quotation of a line from Virgil&rsquo;s Aeneid

+which refers to the hideous one-eyed monster, Polyphemus,

+stumbling about after he had been blinded by Ulysses, Morison

+expresses his opinion of Captain Turnbull. Angered at

+the treatment he received from Turnbull, the surgeon&rsquo;s mate

+presumably pictured his commanding officer as a monster,

+blind to the needs of his men.</i></p>

+<p><i>George Turnbull had received his commission in the

+Royal Americans in 1756 at the time this famous fighting

+force was being recruited &ldquo;to avenge Braddock&rsquo;s defeat.&rdquo;

+In 1758 he had been wounded in the costly British attack

+on Ticonderoga. After the French and Indian War, Turnbull

+was promoted to captain in 1765, and before coming

+to Michilimackinac in 1770 he had been the commander

+at Detroit for three years. While at Detroit he had been involved

+with some of the local citizens in a dispute over property

+rights on Belle Isle, but, according to the adventurer,

+Jonathan Carver, who visited Detroit in 1768, Turnbull was

+respected by the inhabitants and traders &ldquo;for the propriety

+of his conduct.&rdquo; This record should be borne in mind as one

+reads what Morison has to say about Turnbull.</i></p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_42">42</div>

+<p><b><span class="xlarge">M</span></b>ichilamackinac July 9th. 1771. Betwixt the hours of 3

+&amp; 4 [in the] afternoon, Capt. Turnbull sent for me to his

+house upon an affair in which he had not the least concern.

+No sooner I appeared than he Opened upon me with Volleys

+of scurrilous Language (in presence of Lieut. Donald McAlpin

+of the 2d. Battn.) viz: That I was a scandalous fellow,

+a man of no principles, of a bad heart &amp;c. lastly ordered me

+go out of his house &amp; commanded me to keep my Distance,

+which I am determined punctually to observe.</p>

+<p>N. B.: All these Epithets (to the conviction of many)

+are imputations that more peculiarly belong <i>altenarly</i> [alternately?]

+to himself when his character is canvassed by

+proper judges. If [such things as] Oppression, Detraction,

+Melediction, Violence, fornication, adultery, breach of Sabbath,

+tradeing, selling of common rum, Molasses, Wine,

+Spirits &amp;c., Supporting a Suttlery in which he himself is principally

+[interested], which is Diametrically opposed to a

+Military Character, [be considered], he himself is justly entitled

+to these Epithets &amp; imputations which cannot be attended

+with much difficulty to prove. Upon these considerations

+I left his house, whose dirt I shook off from my feet &amp;

+left the Dirt where I found it. Monstrum horrendum Ingens!</p>

+<p>The 26th. augst. 1771. Sent the weekly return by my

+servt. as I happened to be sick on that morning. Capt. Turnbull

+enquired of my servt. what my sickness was. My servt.

+answered, it was a severe attack of the Rheumatism to which

+I was subject. The Commandant asked my servt. if he could

+cure me. My servt. replyed he would if he could. After many

+frivolous questions of this nature, he at last ask[ed] him

+what did he think I deserved, to which my servt. Replyed,

+he did not know, &ldquo;but Sure I am Sir, my master deserves well

+at my hands.&rdquo;</p>

+<p>Upon Tuesday the 17th. Sept. 1771. Capt. Turnbull after

+Roll Call sent the Sergeant Major to acquaint me he wanted

+to speak to me. Accordingly I appeared. Then Capt. Turnbull

+<span class="pb" id="Page_43">43</span>

+in presence of Lieut. Christie, Ens. Graham and Ens. Strickland

+asked how I came to move to another house without his

+leave, &amp; I answered that I thought there was no necessity

+of giveing any trouble to him for removeing to good Quarters,

+which I hired for the Winter as there was no possibility of

+liveing for the Winter in that house Which he ordered me to,

+May last; especially as both of them were the property of

+traders in this place &amp; tho&rsquo; I applyed to him last fall for a

+Room in the officers&rsquo; Barracks, as there was one Vacant then,

+as he did not grant this I thought I had a Right to provide

+myself the best I could.</p>

+<p>He told me [that] tho&rsquo; I have been so long in the army

+I made a[s] great progress in the knowledge of my duty as

+I did in that of my profession, meaning in which I appeared

+to be equally ignorant. (So far according to the Sultan.)</p>

+<p>&ldquo;I suppose,&rdquo; says he, &ldquo;You want I should put You into

+arrest, that You may be exempted from Your duty. But,&rdquo;

+continued he, &ldquo;I will not do You that Honnour. You are not

+worth my Notice. I hope You will not give me the trouble

+to provide a Room to provide for You next summer.&rdquo;</p>

+<p>I told him I&rsquo;d give him as little trouble as possible and

+that I&rsquo;d endeavour [to do] the best I could for myself, tho&rsquo;

+at the same time I beged leave to observe that I thought

+(while I continued to act in the King&rsquo;s Service) I had a right

+to a room in the King&rsquo;s barracks, which benefit was never

+granted me during his incumbency. He Replyed he did not

+chuse to hear any more upon the Subject, and ordered me

+to be gone, which I did quietly, in presence of the abovesaid

+gentlemen.</p>

+<p>N. B.: When upon application last fall to Capt. Turnbull

+for a Room in the King&rsquo;s Barracks, which he did not grant,

+I then applyed to him if he would please speak to influence

+Mr. Cardin to give me his house for last winter. He gave

+himself not the least trouble about the matter, in consequence

+of which I was necessitated to provide for myself. [I] obtained

+the house from Mr. Cardin, where I lodged Comfortably

+<span class="pb" id="Page_44">44</span>

+last winter. As I was obliged to pass the winters

+preceeding most wretchedly in old houses, not habitable,

+notwithstanding of my Disbursements on many repeated

+reparations, such as thatching with Bark, Claying &amp;c, as

+without these expenses I must starve of cold &amp; every shower

+of rain [came] in upon me, as also snow drift[ed in] from

+every quarter when the wind blew high.</p>

+<p>Upon Sunday the 1st December 1771. The officer of the

+day was ordered to place Centrys at different corners of the

+Garrison upon four or five houses, upon suspicion they smuggled

+some common rum to entertain them[selves] at such a

+particular Season, as one of the Sub-Suttlers did not Chuse

+to sell or had orders [not] to sell under a Dollar each quart.</p>

+<p>A soldier and his wife with his Children [were] ordered

+to their barracks, tho&rsquo; there was not a drop [of] liquor found

+in his house. The officer of the day upon entring the room

+of Fiddler, one of the Royal Artillery, who was enjoying himself

+with one of his Comrades in garrison [with some rum]

+which he had purchassed from the Sub-Suttler. [The bottle

+of rum] was broke to pieces [by the officer] which put a

+stop to the entertainment tho&rsquo; they were all quite sober.</p>

+<p>All this is supposed to proceed from the orders of the

+grand Suttler [Captain Turnbull], who did not Chuse that

+any individual should interfere in diminishing the grist which

+has been a long time now comeing into his Mill &amp; which he

+wants to keep agoing for his own particular private interest.</p>

+<p>December 15th. Mr. Harise, the interpreter, was committed

+to the common guard-house by Capt. Turnbull where

+he remained from eight o&rsquo;Clock in the afternoon till ten

+next morning, for beating of a trader&rsquo;s <i>Engagee</i> [an <i>engag&eacute;</i>,

+one of the French boatmen who were hired to paddle the

+traders&rsquo; canoes], tho&rsquo; many Circumstances of the most Extravagant

+enormitys have been overlooked in this odious

+garrison during Capt. Turnbull&rsquo;s Incumbency.</p>

+<p>Ensign Strickland [was] put under arrest by Capt. Turnbull&rsquo;s

+order for useing Sergt. Lewis ill upon his Guard, &amp; the

+<span class="pb" id="Page_45">45</span>

+said Ensign continued under his arrest untill he made proper

+Condescensions to the Sergt. &amp; Yet Ensign Johnstone would

+not be put under arrest by Captain Turnbull (tho&rsquo; properly

+applyed to) for shedding the blood of a gentleman more

+usefull to the King&rsquo;s service in garrison, more than both,

+which can be proven to a Demonstration, time &amp; place Convenient.</p>

+<p>N. B.: July 2d. 1772. I have now [served] going on four

+years here, &amp; during that period of time have neither received

+wood, nor chairs, table, tongs, Dogirons, pockers, &amp;c.

+from the Barrack master nor any lodgeing in the King&rsquo;s

+Barracks or from the King, notwithstanding my frequent applications,

+but was obliged to Lodge in old french Houses,

+not habitable, at a Vast Expense out of my Pay, by Plastering,

+thatching &amp;c. to preserve myself from the Inclemency of the

+Winter Season, which is generally very intense here, and

+which continues upon average about the space of eight

+months.</p>

+<p>Notwithstanding so badly was I used, on account of provideing

+of aforesaid lodgeings, haveing not beforehand informed

+Capt. Turnbull of my intention of providing said

+Lodgeing for hire, he sent a Sergeant for me to [attend]

+the Publick parade, where to my surprise in presence of

+the officers of the Garrison &amp; others he gave me very abusive

+&amp; Scandalous Language, unbecomeing the Expressions of a

+gentleman, &amp; when offering to speak in my own Defence,

+I was ordered Silence! &amp; that he desired for the future I

+should give him no more trouble about Lodgeings. [He]

+ordered me about my business, that he would not put me

+under arrested as he knew that was what I wanted, but

+would not do me that Honnour. I was not worth his notice.</p>

+<p>N. B.: Ensign Strickland &amp; Ens. Graham were put under

+arrest for differences subsisting among them at his house,

+which Capt. Turnbull approved of till their differences were

+settled.</p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_46">46</div>

+<h2 id="c9"><span class="small">Conclusion</span></h2>

+<div class="img">

+<img src="images/p09.jpg" alt="Musket and saber" width="154" height="300" />

+</div>

+<p><i><b><span class="xlarge">D</span></b>aniel Morison&rsquo;s journal ends at this point. After July

+2, 1772, we lose sight of the unhappy surgeon&rsquo;s mate. It

+appears at least that he did not remain much longer at the

+Straits for later that year the various units of the Second

+Battalion of the Royal Americans were assembled from Niagara,

+Fort Michilimackinac, and other frontier posts and

+shipped off to serve in the balmier climate of the West Indies.</i></p>

+<p><i>Captain Turnbull retired from the army in 1775 by selling

+his commission, but some of the others who had served at

+Michilimackinac remained with the Royal Americans and

+fought in the Revolutionary War. Turnbull&rsquo;s predecessor as

+commandant, Beamsley Glazier, distinguished himself in the

+fighting around Savannah, Georgia, in 1779, by leading three

+companies of the Royal Americans in a fierce charge which

+drove the American and French forces into headlong retreat

+and caused the Allies to lift their siege of the British

+troops in the city. Ensign Johnson&rsquo;s erstwhile comrade-in-arms,

+John Christie, fought gallantly in 1780 at Mobile in

+a futile effort to beat off a Spanish attack on that port. Christie

+thereby redeemed his reputation which had been badly

+tarnished by his premature surrender to the Indians when

+<span class="pb" id="Page_47">47</span>

+he was in command of a fort at present-day Erie, Pennsylvania,

+in 1763.</i></p>

+<p><i>Many changes took place at Michilimackinac after 1772,

+so many, in fact, that John Askin, an old-time resident, in

+1778 wrote to Thomas McMurray, apparently the former

+acting sergeant-major who had retired to a business in Montreal,

+that he would scarcely recognize the post any more.

+In place of the drafty old houses, such as the ones Morison

+had lived in, the people, Askin reported, were &ldquo;now building

+tolerable good ones.&rdquo;</i></p>

+<p><i>The fort also had a new surgeon&rsquo;s mate&mdash;another Scotsman,

+David Mitchell. Unlike his compatriot Morison, Mitchell

+adjusted very well to the rough conditions of life on the

+fur-trading frontier. He married a Chippewa woman, and

+when his regiment was transferred elsewhere he received

+special permission to stay on as surgeon&rsquo;s mate so that his

+wife would not be separated from her people. He remained

+in the area in various capacities until his death in 1830. By

+then old Fort Michilimackinac had been abandoned for a

+half century and only a few ruins sticking out of the sand

+reminded the occasional visitor of the colorful days of the

+1760&rsquo;s and 1770&rsquo;s.</i></p>

+<div class="img" id="fig10">

+<img src="images/p09a.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="512" />

+<p class="pcap">Michilimackinac Restored</p>

+</div>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_48">48</div>

+<h2 id="c10"><span class="small">Appendix</span></h2>

+<div class="img">

+<img src="images/p10.jpg" alt="Drum" width="232" height="312" />

+</div>

+<p><i><b><span class="xlarge">H</span></b>istorians recently discovered in the Frederick Haldimand

+Papers of the British Museum in London a document which

+sheds additional light on the obscure life of Daniel Morison.

+The document is a petition written by Morison to Frederick

+Haldimand in Quebec. The document is undated.</i></p>

+<p><i>To His Excellency Frederick Haldimand Captain General and

+Governor in Chief in and over His Majestys Province of

+Quebec, and the Territories depending thereon, in America,

+Vice Admiral of the same, General and Commander in Chief of

+His Majestys Forces, in the said Province and the Frontiers

+thereof etc, etc, etc.</i></p>

+<p><i>The Memorial of Daniel Morrison Humbly Sheweth That your

+Excellency&rsquo;s Memorialist was appointed surgeon to six independent

+Companies raised in Scotland in the Year 1746, and reduced

+in two Years thereafter, That in the year following he

+was appointed surgeon&rsquo;s Mate to Lord Loudon&rsquo;s Highland Regiment

+soon afterwards reduced; That in the year 1757 he came

+to America as Mate to Lieut. Colonel Frasor&rsquo;s Regt. That during

+the Winter 1760, he Passed an examination as surgeon, and

+received that appointment to the 35th Regiment from His Excellency

+General Murray, which the then Commander in Chief

+did not confirm, That at the reduction of the 78th Regiment of

+Foot he was appointed surgeon&rsquo;s mate to the 2d Battallion of

+the 60th Regiment in which he had the Honor to serve untill the

+Regiment was ordered for the West Indies where he Could not

+attend them, on account of His health And that during the

+Blockade of this City in 1775 he carried Arms, which extraordinary

+last Fatigue reduced his health and strength still lower.

+He now most humbly Pray Your Excellency&rsquo;s attention to the

+length and nature of his Services, and to his advanced time of

+life, and that you will be pleased to honour him with some

+marke of your Favour, and your Memorialist as in duty bound

+Shall ever pray&mdash;DAN MORISON SURGEON</i></p>

+<p><span class="small"><i>British Museum, Haldimand Papers, ADD Manuscript 21,877, p. 440</i></span></p>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_49">49</div>

+<h2 id="c11"><span class="small">Index</span></h2>

+<div class="img">

+<img src="images/p10a.jpg" alt="Flags" width="233" height="395" />

+</div>

+<p class="center"><a class="ab" href="#index_A">A</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_B">B</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_C">C</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_D">D</a> <span class="ab">E</span> <a class="ab" href="#index_F">F</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_G">G</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_H">H</a> <span class="ab">I</span> <a class="ab" href="#index_J">J</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_K">K</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_L">L</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_M">M</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_N">N</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_O">O</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_P">P</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_Q">Q</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_R">R</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_S">S</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_T">T</a> <span class="ab">U</span> <a class="ab" href="#index_V">V</a> <a class="ab" href="#index_W">W</a> <span class="ab">X</span> <span class="ab">Y</span> <span class="ab">Z</span></p>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_A">A</dt>

+<dt>ADAMS, Private Henry, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></dt>

+<dt>ASKIN, John, <a href="#Page_47">47</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_B">B</dt>

+<dt>BALFOUR, Captain Henry, <a href="#Page_5">5</a>-6</dt>

+<dt>Barracks, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></dt>

+<dt>Barracks, Officers&rsquo;, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></dt>

+<dt>BAXTER, Alexander, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></dt>

+<dt>Billiard room, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></dt>

+<dt>Black hole, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></dt>

+<dt>British Museum, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>

+<dt>BROWNE, Captain John, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></dt>

+<dt>BURGY, Christian, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>-17, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></dt>

+<dt>BURRENT, John, <a href="#Page_18">18</a></dt>

+<dt>BURTON, Clarence, <a href="#Page_6">6</a></dt>

+<dt>Burton Historical Collection, <a href="#Page_6">6</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_C">C</dt>

+<dt>CARDIN, Mr.&rsquo;s house, Morison stays at, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>-44</dt>

+<dt>Carioling, <a href="#Page_30">30</a></dt>

+<dt>CARLILE, Mrs. Thomas,</dt>

+<dd>discovered with Johnson, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>;</dd>

+<dd>lives with Johnson, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>-26, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>;</dd>

+<dd>returns to husband, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>-31</dd>

+<dt>CARLILE, Sergeant Thomas,</dt>

+<dd>discovers Johnson with his wife, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>;</dd>

+<dd>seeks redress against Johnson, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>;</dd>

+<dd>court-martialed, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>-32, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>;</dd>

+<dd>attacked by Johnson, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></dd>

+<dt>Children, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></dt>

+<dt>CHINN, John, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>;</dt>

+<dd>assaults Morison, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>-18, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></dd>

+<dt>Chippewa Indians, <a href="#Page_6">6</a></dt>

+<dt>CHRISTIE, Lieutenant John, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>;</dt>

+<dd>presides over Carlile&rsquo;s court-martial, <a href="#Page_30">30</a>;</dd>

+<dd>challenged by Johnson, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>-47</dd>

+<dt>Church, soldiers worship, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></dt>

+<dt>COLEMAN, Private James, receives 1000 lashes, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>-38</dt>

+<dt>Commissary, <a href="#Page_27">27</a></dt>

+<dt>Courts-martial, <a href="#Page_30">30</a>-31, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_D">D</dt>

+<dt>DESERTION, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></dt>

+<dt>Dogs, attacked by Johnson, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></dt>

+<dt>Drinking at Michilimackinac, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>-14, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></dt>

+<dt>Duel, Johnson challenges Pond to, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_F">F</dt>

+<dt>FARROL, Mr., <a href="#Page_36">36</a></dt>

+<dt>FIDDLER, Mr., member of Royal Artillery, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></dt>

+<dt>Flogging, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>-38</dt>

+<dt>FORBES, John, servant to Morison,</dt>

+<dd>defends Morison, <a href="#Page_14">14</a>-18, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>;</dd>

+<dd>struck by Johnson, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>;</dd>

+<dd>takes return to Turnbull, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></dd>

+<dt>FRASOR, Lieut. Colonel, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>

+<dt>FROBISHER, Benjamin, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_18">18</a>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></dt>

+<dt>Furnishings, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_G">G</dt>

+<dt><i>GLADWIN</i>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></dt>

+<dt>GLAZIER, Captain Beamsley, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a></dt>

+<dt>GRAHAM, Ensign, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></dt>

+<dt>GRANT, Lieutenant Allan, <a href="#Page_18">18</a></dt>

+<dt>Guard Duty, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></dt>

+<dt>Guard House, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>, <a href="#Page_31">31</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_H">H</dt>

+<dt>HALDIMAND, General Frederick, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>

+<dt>HARISE, Mr., interpreter, <a href="#Page_27">27</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></dt>

+<dt>Horse racing, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></dt>

+<dt>Horses, <a href="#Page_30">30</a>, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></dt>

+<dt>Houses at Michilimackinac, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>-45</dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_J">J</dt>

+<dt>JOHNSON, Ensign Robert, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>-12;</dt>

+<dd>assaults Morison, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>-18, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>-27;</dd>

+<dd>assaults Private Walker, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>-23;</dd>

+<dd>with Carlile&rsquo;s wife, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>-24;</dd>

+<dd>attacks dog, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>;</dd>

+<dd>lives with Mrs. Carlile, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>-26;</dd>

+<dd>trades rum, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>;</dd>

+<dd>orders Carlile court-martialed, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>-32;</dd>

+<dt class="pb" id="Page_50">50</dt>

+<dd>illicit relationships, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>;</dd>

+<dd>judges horse race, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>;</dd>

+<dd>catalog of misdeeds, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>-37;</dd>

+<dd>fights with Pond, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>-39</dd>

+<dt>JOHNSTONE, Corporal, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_K">K</dt>

+<dt>KNIGHT, Private, flogged, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_L">L</dt>

+<dt>LANGLADE, Charles, <a href="#Page_5">5</a></dt>

+<dt>LEWIS, Sergeant, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></dt>

+<dt>LOUDON, Lord, Highland Regiment, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_M">M</dt>

+<dt>McALPIN, Lieutenant Donald, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></dt>

+<dt>McBEATH, George, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></dt>

+<dt>McBEATH, Mrs. George, complains about Johnson, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></dt>

+<dt>McGANN, Sergeant, <a href="#Page_31">31</a></dt>

+<dt>McGILL, James, <a href="#Page_11">11</a></dt>

+<dt>McLEAN, Private, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></dt>

+<dt>MacMURRAY, Sergeant Thomas, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>, <a href="#Page_18">18</a>, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>;</dt>

+<dd>struck by Johnson, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_31">31</a>-32, <a href="#Page_47">47</a></dd>

+<dt>McPHERSON, Sergeant, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>-22;</dt>

+<dt>struck by Johnson, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></dt>

+<dt>MAIN, George, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></dt>

+<dt>MAXWELL, William, post commissary, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>-18, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>;</dt>

+<dd>tries to stop attack against William Morison, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>-27;</dd>

+<dd>quarrels with Johnson, <a href="#Page_27">27</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></dd>

+<dt>MAY, Sergeant, struck by Johnson, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>-25</dt>

+<dt>Medical treatment, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>-22, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>-23, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>-38</dt>

+<dt>MITCHELL, David, <a href="#Page_47">47</a></dt>

+<dt>MORISON, Charles, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_21">21</a></dt>

+<dt>MORISON, Daniel, <a href="#Page_6">6</a>-9, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>-12;</dt>

+<dd>house broken into, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>-18;</dd>

+<dd>treats McPherson, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>-22;</dd>

+<dd>sees Todd, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>;</dd>

+<dd>refuses invitation to Burgy&rsquo;s house, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>;</dd>

+<dd>Johnson abuses, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>;</dd>

+<dd>intervenes in flogging, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>-38;</dd>

+<dd>to visit sick in barracks, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>;</dd>

+<dd>ill with rheumatism, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>;</dd>

+<dd>disputes with Turnbull over quarters, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>-43;</dd>

+<dd>journal ends, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>;</dd>

+<dd>petition and biographical data, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dd>

+<dt>MORISON, William, <a href="#Page_19">19</a>, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>;</dt>

+<dd>beaten by Johnson, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>-27, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></dd>

+<dt>MURRAY, General, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_N">N</dt>

+<dt>NORDBERG, Lieutenant John, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></dt>

+<dt>North West Company, <a href="#Page_11">11</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_O">O</dt>

+<dt>OAKS, Forrest, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>;</dt>

+<dd>assaults Morison, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>-18, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_22">22</a></dd>

+<dt>OLDHAM, Mrs., <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_P">P</dt>

+<dt>Parade, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></dt>

+<dt>POND, Phineas, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>;</dt>

+<dd>fights with Johnson, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>-39</dd>

+<dt>Prostitution, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></dt>

+<dt>Punishment, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>-38</dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_Q">Q</dt>

+<dt>QUEBEC, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_R">R</dt>

+<dt>RACING, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></dt>

+<dt>ROGERS, Elizabeth, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></dt>

+<dt>ROGERS, Major Robert, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></dt>

+<dt>ROGERS, Private, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></dt>

+<dt>Rogers&rsquo; Rangers, <a href="#Page_5">5</a></dt>

+<dt>Roll call, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></dt>

+<dt>ROSS, Arthur, <a href="#Page_18">18</a>, servant to Robert Johnson, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></dt>

+<dt>Royal American Regiment, see Sixtieth Regiment of Foot</dt>

+<dt>Royal Artillery, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></dt>

+<dt>Rum trading,</dt>

+<dd>by Johnson, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>;</dd>

+<dd>by Turnbull, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a>;</dd>

+<dd>suspicion of smuggling, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></dd>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_S">S</dt>

+<dt>SAVAGE, Mrs. John, <a href="#Page_25">25</a></dt>

+<dt>SAVAGE, Private John, Johnson puts in guard house, <a href="#Page_25">25</a></dt>

+<dt>Scotland, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>

+<dt>Servants,</dt>

+<dd>John Forbes, servant to Daniel Morison, <a href="#Page_14">14</a>-18, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>-23, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>;</dd>

+<dd>Arthur Ross servant to Robert Johnson, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></dd>

+<dt>Seventy-Eighth Regiment of Foot, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>

+<dt>Sixtieth Regiment of Foot, <a href="#Page_6">6</a>, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>

+<dt>SOLOMON, Ezekiel, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></dt>

+<dt class="pb" id="Page_51">51</dt>

+<dt>SPIECMACHER, Captain Frederick, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></dt>

+<dt>Spruce beer, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></dt>

+<dt>STRICKLAND, Ensign John, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>;</dt>

+<dd>orders Carlile confined, <a href="#Page_30">30</a>;</dd>

+<dd>races horse, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>;</dd>

+<dd>arrested, <a href="#Page_44">44</a>-45</dd>

+<dt>Surgeon&rsquo;s mate, <a href="#Page_6">6</a>, <a href="#Page_9">9</a>, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>

+<dt>Sutlers house, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>-36, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_T">T</dt>

+<dt>TAILOR at Michilimackinac, <a href="#Page_25">25</a></dt>

+<dt>Thirty-Fifth Regiment of Foot, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>

+<dt>TODD, Isaac, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>;</dt>

+<dd>defends Morison, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>-18, <a href="#Page_22">22</a></dd>

+<dt>Traders at the fort,</dt>

+<dd>Benjamin Frobisher, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_18">18</a>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>;</dd>

+<dd>George McBeath, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>;</dd>

+<dd>Isaac Todd, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>-18, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>;</dd>

+<dd>John Chinn, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>-18, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>;</dd>

+<dd>Forest Oaks, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>-18, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>;</dd>

+<dd>Henry Williams, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>;</dd>

+<dd>Phineas Pond, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>-39;</dd>

+<dd>Ezekiel Solomon, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>;</dd>

+<dd>John Askin, <a href="#Page_47">47</a></dd>

+<dt>TURNBULL, Captain George, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>;</dt>

+<dd>witnesses assault, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>-23;</dd>

+<dd>Carlile appeals to, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>;</dd>

+<dd>dines with Johnson and Mrs. Carlile, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>;</dd>

+<dd>witnesses Johnson attack William Morison, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>-27;</dd>

+<dd>approves judgment against Carlile, <a href="#Page_30">30</a>;</dd>

+<dd>erases judgment against Carlile, <a href="#Page_31">31</a>;</dd>

+<dd>observes flogging and beatings, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>-37;</dd>

+<dd>arrests Johnson, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>;</dd>

+<dd>allows James Coleman to recuperate before receiving rest of punishment, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>-38;</dd>

+<dd>benefits from trade, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>;</dd>

+<dd>severely criticized by Morison, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>-45;</dd>

+<dd>biographical data, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>-47</dd>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_V">V</dt>

+<dt>VARINGON, Lieutenant, <a href="#Page_18">18</a></dt>

+<dt>Violence,</dt>

+<dd>perpetuated against Daniel Morison, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>-18;</dd>

+<dd>attempted rape, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>;</dd>

+<dd>catalog of Robert Johnson&rsquo;s misdeeds, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>-38;</dd>

+<dd>voyageur beaten, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></dd>

+</dl>

+<dl class="index">

+<dt class="center b" id="index_W">W</dt>

+<dt>WALKER, Private, <a href="#Page_22">22</a></dt>

+<dt>West Indies, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>

+<dt>WILLIAMS, Henry, <a href="#Page_21">21</a></dt>

+<dt>Women,</dt>

+<dd>Mrs. Thomas Carlile, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>-26, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>-31, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>;</dd>

+<dd>Mrs. George McBeath, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>;</dd>

+<dd>Mrs. John Savage, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>;</dd>

+<dd>Mrs. Elizabeth Rogers, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>;</dd>

+<dd>Mrs. Oldham, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></dd>

+<dt>Worship services, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></dt>

+</dl>

+<div class="pb" id="Page_52">52</div>

+<p class="tbcenter"><span class="large"><b>An innocent evening&rsquo;s entertainment ends in a wild brawl and an attempted murder ...</b></span></p>

+<p class="center"><span class="large"><b>A judge arrives late to a horse race because he has been busy smuggling rum ...</b></span></p>

+<p class="center"><span class="large"><b>The court-martial of a sergeant charged with being disrespectful to an officer who was cavorting with the sergeant&rsquo;s own wife ...</b></span></p>

+<p class="center small">These are a few of the strange but always fascinating events related by Dr. Daniel Morison in the journal he kept from 1769 to 1772 while he was surgeon&rsquo;s mate at Fort Michilimackinac.</p>

+<p class="center small">Editing and interpreting this authentic and uncensored 18th-century document, never before published in its entirety, is Dr. George S. May, former research archivist of the Michigan Historical Commission. Illustrating the text is the well-known artist, Dirk Gringhuis.</p>

+<div class="img">

+<img src="images/p12.jpg" alt="Mackinac State Historic Parks" width="600" height="418" />

+</div>

+<h2>Transcriber&rsquo;s Notes</h2>

+<ul>

+<li>Silently corrected a few typos, but left the good doctor&rsquo;s unique spellings unchanged.</li>

+<li>Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook is public-domain in the country of publication.</li>

+<li>In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by _underscores_.</li>

+</ul>

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+<pre>

+

+

+

+

+

+End of Project Gutenberg's The Doctor's Secret Journal, by Daniel Morison

+

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