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diff --git a/old/56293-8.txt b/old/56293-8.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 8d5232d..0000000 --- a/old/56293-8.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4429 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Tenth, or the -North Lincolnshire, Regiment of Foot, by Richard Cannon - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Historical Record of the Tenth, or the North Lincolnshire, Regiment of Foot, - Containing an Account of the Formation of the Regiment - in 1685, and of its Subsequent Services to 1847 - -Author: Richard Cannon - -Release Date: January 2, 2018 [EBook #56293] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD *** - - - - -Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -book was produced from images made available by the -HathiTrust Digital Library.) - - - - - - - - - - TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - A superscript is denoted by ^x or ^{xx}, for example S^t or 3^{RD}. - - Some minor changes are noted at the end of the book. - - - - - HISTORICAL RECORD - - OF - - THE TENTH, OR THE NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE, - - REGIMENT OF FOOT, - - - CONTAINING - - AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT - IN 1685, - - AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES - TO 1847. - - - COMPILED BY - - RICHARD CANNON, ESQ. - ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE, HORSE GUARDS. - - - ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES. - - - LONDON: - PARKER, FURNIVALL, & PARKER, - 30 CHARING CROSS. - - M DCCC XLVII. - - - - - LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES & SONS, STAMFORD STREET, - FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. - - - - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - - _HORSE-GUARDS_, - _1st January, 1836_. - -His Majesty has been pleased to command that, with a view of doing -the fullest justice to Regiments, as well as to Individuals who -have distinguished themselves by their Bravery in Action with the -Enemy, an Account of the Services of every Regiment in the British -Army shall be published under the superintendence and direction -of the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall contain the -following particulars, viz.:-- - - ---- The Period and Circumstances of the Original Formation of - the Regiment; The Stations at which it has been from time to time - employed; The Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations - in which it has been engaged, particularly specifying any - Achievement it may have performed, and the Colours, Trophies, - &c., it may have captured from the Enemy. - - ---- The Names of the Officers and the number of Non-Commissioned - Officers and Privates Killed or Wounded by the Enemy, specifying - the Place and Date of the Action. - - ---- The Names of those Officers who, in consideration of their - Gallant Services and Meritorious Conduct in Engagements with the - Enemy, have been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other - Marks of His Majesty's gracious favour. - - ---- The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers, - and Privates, as may have specially signalized themselves in - Action. - -And, - - ---- The Badges and Devices which the Regiment may have been - permitted to bear, and the Causes on account of which such Badges - or Devices, or any other Marks of Distinction, have been granted. - - By Command of the Right Honourable - GENERAL LORD HILL, - _Commanding-in-Chief_. - - JOHN MACDONALD, - _Adjutant-General_. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly depend -upon the zeal and ardour by which all who enter into its service -are animated, and consequently it is of the highest importance that -any measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, by which -alone great and gallant actions are achieved, should be adopted. - -Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this desirable -object than a full display of the noble deeds with which the -Military History of our country abounds. To hold forth these bright -examples to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to -incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those who have -preceded him in their honourable career, are among the motives that -have given rise to the present publication. - -The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced in the -"London Gazette," from whence they are transferred into the public -prints: the achievements of our armies are thus made known at the -time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute of praise and -admiration to which they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions, -the Houses of Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on -the Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting under their -orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks for their skill -and bravery; and these testimonials, confirmed by the high honour -of their Sovereign's approbation, constitute the reward which the -soldier most highly prizes. - -It has not, however, until late years been the practice (which -appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental armies) -for British Regiments to keep regular records of their services -and achievements. Hence some difficulty has been experienced in -obtaining, particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic -account of their origin and subsequent services. - -This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His Majesty -having been pleased to command that every Regiment shall in future -keep a full and ample record of its services at home and abroad. - -From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth -derive information as to the difficulties and privations which -chequer the career of those who embrace the military profession. In -Great Britain, where so large a number of persons are devoted to -the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and -where these pursuits have, for so long a period, been undisturbed -by the _presence of war_, which few other countries have escaped, -comparatively little is known of the vicissitudes of active -service, and of the casualties of climate, to which, even during -peace, the British Troops are exposed in every part of the globe, -with little or no interval of repose. - -In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the country -derives from the industry and the enterprise of the agriculturist -and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed not often to -reflect on the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,--on -their sufferings,--and on the sacrifice of valuable life, by which -so many national benefits are obtained and preserved. - -The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance, -have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties; and -their character has been established in Continental warfare by the -irresistible spirit with which they have effected debarkations in -spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the gallantry and -steadiness with which they have maintained their advantages against -superior numbers. - -In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, ample -justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions of the -Corps employed; but the details of their services, and of acts of -individual bravery, can only be fully given in the Annals of the -various Regiments. - -These Records are now preparing for publication, under His -Majesty's special authority, by Mr. RICHARD CANNON, Principal Clerk -of the Adjutant General's Office; and while the perusal of them -cannot fail to be useful and interesting to military men of every -rank, it is considered that they will also afford entertainment and -information to the general reader, particularly to those who may -have served in the Army, or who have relatives in the Service. - -There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, or -are serving, in the Army, an _Esprit de Corps_--an attachment -to everything belonging to their Regiment; to such persons a -narrative of the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove -interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of the great, the -valiant, the loyal, have always been of paramount interest with -a brave and civilized people. Great Britain has produced a race -of heroes who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood "firm -as the rocks of their native shore;" and when half the World has -been arrayed against them, they have fought the battles of their -Country with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of -achievements in war,--victories so complete and surprising, gained -by our countrymen, our brothers, our fellow-citizens in arms,--a -record which revives the memory of the brave, and brings their -gallant deeds before us, will certainly prove acceptable to the -public. - -Biographical memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished -Officers will be introduced in the Records of their respective -Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to -time, been conferred upon each Regiment as testifying the value and -importance of its services, will be faithfully set forth. - -As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each Regiment -will be printed in a distinct number, so that when the whole shall -be completed, the Parts may be bound up in numerical succession. - - - - -INTRODUCTION - -TO - -THE INFANTRY. - - -The natives of Britain have, at all periods, been celebrated for -innate courage and unshaken firmness, and the national superiority -of the British troops over those of other countries has been -evinced in the midst of the most imminent perils. History contains -so many proofs of extraordinary acts of bravery, that no doubts can -be raised upon the facts which are recorded. It must therefore be -admitted, that the distinguishing feature of the British soldier is -INTREPIDITY. This quality was evinced by the inhabitants of England -when their country was invaded by Julius Cæsar with a Roman army, -on which occasion the undaunted Britons rushed into the sea to -attack the Roman soldiers as they descended from their ships; and, -although their discipline and arms were inferior to those of their -adversaries, yet their fierce and dauntless bearing intimidated -the flower of the Roman troops, including Cæsar's favourite tenth -legion. Their arms consisted of spears, short swords, and other -weapons of rude construction. They had chariots, to the axles of -which were fastened sharp pieces of iron resembling scythe-blades, -and infantry in long chariots resembling waggons, who alighted and -fought on foot, and for change of ground, pursuit, or retreat, -sprang into the chariot and drove off with the speed of cavalry. -These inventions were, however, unavailing against Cæsar's -legions: in the course of time a military system, with discipline -and subordination, was introduced, and British courage, being -thus regulated, was exerted to the greatest advantage; a full -development of the national character followed, and it shone forth -in all its native brilliancy. - -The military force of the Anglo-Saxons consisted principally of -infantry: Thanes, and other men of property, however, fought on -horseback. The infantry were of two classes, heavy and light. The -former carried large shields armed with spikes, long broad swords -and spears; and the latter were armed with swords or spears only. -They had also men armed with clubs, others with battle-axes and -javelins. - -The feudal troops established by William the Conqueror consisted -(as already stated in the Introduction to the Cavalry) almost -entirely of horse; but when the warlike barons and knights, with -their trains of tenants and vassals, took the field, a proportion -of men appeared on foot, and, although these were of inferior -degree, they proved stout-hearted Britons of stanch fidelity. When -stipendiary troops were employed, infantry always constituted a -considerable portion of the military force; and this _arme_ has -since acquired, in every quarter of the globe, a celebrity never -exceeded by the armies of any nation at any period. - -The weapons carried by the infantry, during the several reigns -succeeding the Conquest, were bows and arrows, half-pikes, lances, -halberds, various kinds of battle-axes, swords, and daggers. Armour -was worn on the head and body, and in course of time the practice -became general for military men to be so completely cased in steel, -that it was almost impossible to slay them. - -The introduction of the use of gunpowder in the destructive -purposes of war, in the early part of the fourteenth -century, produced a change in the arms and equipment of the -infantry-soldier. Bows and arrows gave place to various kinds of -fire-arms, but British archers continued formidable adversaries; -and owing to the inconvenient construction and imperfect bore of -the fire-arms when first introduced, a body of men, well trained -in the use of the bow from their youth, was considered a valuable -acquisition to every army, even as late as the sixteenth century. - -During a great part of the reign of Queen Elizabeth each company -of infantry usually consisted of men armed five different ways; in -every hundred men forty were "_men-at-arms_," and sixty "_shot_;" -the "men-at-arms" were ten halberdiers, or battle-axe men, and -thirty pikemen; and the "shot" were twenty archers, twenty -musketeers, and twenty harquebusiers, and each man carried, besides -his principal weapon, a sword and dagger. - -Companies of infantry varied at this period in numbers from 150 -to 300 men; each company had a colour or ensign, and the mode of -formation recommended by an English military writer (Sir John -Smithe) in 1590 was:--the colour in the centre of the company -guarded by the halberdiers; the pikemen in equal proportions, on -each flank of the halberdiers; half the musketeers on each flank -of the pikes; half the archers on each flank of the musketeers; -and the harquebusiers (whose arms were much lighter than the -muskets then in use) in equal proportions on each flank of the -company for skirmishing.[1] It was customary to unite a number -of companies into one body, called a REGIMENT, which frequently -amounted to three thousand men; but each company continued to carry -a colour. Numerous improvements were eventually introduced in the -construction of fire-arms, and, it having been found impossible to -make armour proof against the muskets then in use (which carried -a very heavy ball) without its being too weighty for the soldier, -armour was gradually laid aside by the infantry in the seventeenth -century: bows and arrows also fell into disuse, and the infantry -were reduced to two classes, viz.: _musketeers_, armed with -matchlock muskets, swords, and daggers; and _pikemen_, armed with -pikes from fourteen to eighteen feet long, and swords. - -In the early part of the seventeenth century Gustavus Adolphus, -King of Sweden, reduced the strength of regiments to 1000 men; he -caused the gunpowder, which had heretofore been carried in flasks, -or in small wooden bandoliers, each containing a charge, to be -made up into cartridges, and carried in pouches; and he formed -each regiment into two wings of musketeers, and a centre division -of pikemen. He also adopted the practice of forming four regiments -into a brigade; and the number of colours was afterwards reduced to -three in each regiment. He formed his columns so compactly that his -infantry could resist the charge of the celebrated Polish horsemen -and Austrian cuirassiers; and his armies became the admiration of -other nations. His mode of formation was copied by the English, -French, and other European states; but so great was the prejudice -in favour of ancient customs, that all his improvements were not -adopted until near a century afterwards. - -In 1664 King Charles II. raised a corps for sea-service, styled -the Admiral's regiment. In 1678 each company of 100 men usually -consisted of 30 pikemen, 60 musketeers, and 10 men armed with light -firelocks. In this year the king added a company of men armed with -hand-grenades to each of the old British regiments, which was -designated the "grenadier company." Daggers were so contrived as to -fit in the muzzles of the muskets, and bayonets similar to those -at present in use were adopted about twenty years afterwards. - -An Ordnance regiment was raised in 1685, by order of King James -II., to guard the artillery, and was designated the Royal Fusiliers -(now 7th Foot). This corps, and the companies of grenadiers, did -not carry pikes. - -King William III. incorporated the Admiral's regiment in the Second -Foot Guards, and raised two Marine regiments for sea-service. -During the war in this reign, each company of infantry (excepting -the fusiliers and grenadiers) consisted of 14 pikemen and 46 -musketeers; the captains carried pikes; lieutenants, partisans; -ensigns, half-pikes; and serjeants, halberds. After the peace in -1697 the Marine regiments were disbanded, but were again formed on -the breaking out of the war in 1702.[2] - -During the reign of Queen Anne the pikes were laid aside, and every -infantry soldier was armed with a musket, bayonet, and sword; the -grenadiers ceased, about the same period, to carry hand-grenades; -and the regiments were directed to lay aside their third colour: -the corps of Royal Artillery was first added to the army in this -reign. - -About the year 1745, the men of the battalion companies of infantry -ceased to carry swords; during the reign of George II. light -companies were added to infantry regiments; and in 1764 a Board of -General Officers recommended that the grenadiers should lay aside -their swords, as that weapon had never been used during the seven -years' war. Since that period the arms of the infantry soldier have -been limited to the musket and bayonet. - -The arms and equipment of the British troops have seldom differed -materially, since the Conquest, from those of other European -states; and in some respects the arming has, at certain periods, -been allowed to be inferior to that of the nations with whom they -have had to contend; yet, under this disadvantage, the bravery and -superiority of the British infantry have been evinced on very many -and most trying occasions, and splendid victories have been gained -over very superior numbers. - -Great Britain has produced a race of lion-like champions who have -dared to confront a host of foes, and have proved themselves -valiant with any arms. At _Creçy_, King Edward III., at the head -of about 30,000 men, defeated, on the 26th of August, 1346, Philip -King of France, whose army is said to have amounted to 100,000 -men; here British valour encountered veterans of renown:--the -King of Bohemia, the King of Majorca, and many princes and nobles -were slain, and the French army was routed and cut to pieces. Ten -years afterwards, Edward Prince of Wales, who was designated the -Black Prince, defeated, at _Poictiers_, with 14,000 men, a French -army of 60,000 horse, besides infantry, and took John I., King of -France, and his son Philip, prisoners. On the 25th of October, -1415, King Henry V., with an army of about 13,000 men, although -greatly exhausted by marches, privations, and sickness, defeated, -at _Agincourt_, the Constable of France, at the head of the flower -of the French nobility and an army said to amount to 60,000 men, -and gained a complete victory. - -During the seventy years' war between the United Provinces of the -Netherlands and the Spanish monarch, which commenced in 1578 and -terminated in 1648, the British infantry in the service of the -States-General were celebrated for their unconquerable spirit and -firmness;[3] and in the thirty years' war between the Protestant -Princes and the Emperor of Germany, the British troops in the -service of Sweden and other states were celebrated for deeds of -heroism.[4] In the wars of Queen Anne, the fame of the British -army under the great MARLBOROUGH was spread throughout the world; -and if we glance at the achievements performed within the memory -of persons now living, there is abundant proof that the Britons -of the present age are not inferior to their ancestors in the -qualities which constitute good soldiers. Witness the deeds of -the brave men, of whom there are many now surviving, who fought in -Egypt in 1801, under the brave Abercromby, and compelled the French -army, which had been vainly styled _Invincible_, to evacuate that -country; also the services of the gallant Troops during the arduous -campaigns in the Peninsula, under the immortal WELLINGTON; and -the determined stand made by the British Army at Waterloo, where -Napoleon Bonaparte, who had long been the inveterate enemy of Great -Britain, and had sought and planned her destruction by every means -he could devise, was compelled to leave his vanquished legions to -their fate, and to place himself at the disposal of the British -Government. These achievements, with others of recent dates, in the -distant climes of India, prove that the same valour and constancy -which glowed in the breasts of the heroes of Crecy, Poictiers, -Agincourt, Blenheim, and Ramilies, continue to animate the Britons -of the nineteenth century. - -The British Soldier is distinguished for a robust and muscular -frame,--intrepidity which no danger can appal,--unconquerable -spirit and resolution,--patience in fatigue and privation, and -cheerful obedience to his superiors. These qualities, united with -an excellent system of order and discipline to regulate and give -a skilful direction to the energies and adventurous spirit of -the hero, and a wise selection of officers of superior talent to -command, whose presence inspires confidence,--have been the leading -causes of the splendid victories gained by the British arms.[5] -The fame of the deeds of the past and present generations in the -various battle-fields where the robust sons of Albion have fought -and conquered, surrounds the British arms with a halo of glory; -these achievements will live in the page of history to the end of -time. - -The records of the several regiments will be found to contain a -detail of facts of an interesting character, connected with the -hardships, sufferings, and gallant exploits of British soldiers in -the various parts of the world where the calls of their Country -and the commands of their Sovereign have required them to proceed -in the execution of their duty, whether in active continental -operations, or in maintaining colonial territories in distant and -unfavourable climes. - -The superiority of the British infantry has been pre-eminently set -forth in the wars of six centuries, and admitted by the greatest -commanders which Europe has produced. The formations and movements -of this _arme_, as at present practised, while they are adapted -to every species of warfare, and to all probable situations -and circumstances of service, are calculated to show forth the -brilliancy of military tactics calculated upon mathematical and -scientific principles. Although the movements and evolutions have -been copied from the continental armies, yet various improvements -have from time to time been introduced, to insure that simplicity -and celerity by which the superiority of the national military -character is maintained. The rank and influence which Great Britain -has attained among the nations of the world, have in a great -measure been purchased by the valour of the Army, and to persons -who have the welfare of their country at heart, the records of the -several regiments cannot fail to prove interesting. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] A company of 200 men would appear thus:-- - - __| - | | - |__| - | - 20 20 20 30 2|0 30 20 20 20 - - Harquebuses. Muskets. Halberds. Muskets. Harquebuses. - Archers. Pikes. Pikes. Archers. - -The musket carried a ball which weighed 1/10 of a pound; and the -harquebus a ball which weighed 1/25 of a pound. - -[2] The 30th, 31st, and 32nd Regiments were formed as Marine corps -in 1702, and were employed as such during the wars in the reign -of Queen Anne. The Marine corps were embarked in the Fleet under -Admiral Sir George Rooke, and were at the taking of Gibraltar, and -in its subsequent defence in 1704; they were afterwards employed at -the siege of Barcelona in 1705. - -[3] The brave Sir Roger Williams, in his Discourse on War, printed -in 1590, observes:--"I persuade myself ten thousand of our nation -would beat thirty thousand of theirs (the Spaniards) out of the -field, let them be chosen where they list." Yet at this time the -Spanish infantry was allowed to be the best disciplined in Europe. -For instances of valour displayed by the British Infantry during -the Seventy Years' War, see the Historical Record of the Third -Foot, or Buffs. - -[4] Vide the Historical Record of the First, or Royal Regiment of -Foot. - -[5] "Under the blessing of Divine Providence, His Majesty ascribes -the successes which have attended the exertions of his troops in -Egypt to that determined bravery which is inherent in Britons; but -His Majesty desires it may be most solemnly and forcibly impressed -on the consideration of every part of the army, that it has been a -strict observance of order, discipline, and military system, which -has given the full energy to the native valour of the troops, and -has enabled them proudly to assert the superiority of the national -military character, in situations uncommonly arduous, and under -circumstances of peculiar difficulty."--_General Orders in 1801._ - -In the General Orders issued by Lieut.-General Sir John Hope -(afterwards Lord Hopetoun), congratulating the army upon the -successful result of the Battle of Corunna, on the 16th of January, -1809, it is stated:--"On no occasion has the undaunted valour of -British troops ever been more manifest. At the termination of a -severe and harassing march, rendered necessary by the superiority -which the enemy had acquired, and which had materially impaired -the efficiency of the troops, many disadvantages were to be -encountered. These have all been surmounted by the conduct of the -troops themselves: and the enemy has been taught, that whatever -advantages of position or of numbers he may possess, there is -inherent in the British officers and soldiers a bravery that knows -not how to yield,--that no circumstances can appal,--and that will -ensure victory, when it is to be obtained by the exertion of any -human means." - - - - - THE TENTH, - - OR - - THE NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE, - - REGIMENT OF FOOT, - - BEARS ON ITS REGIMENTAL COLOUR - THE _SPHINX_, WITH THE WORD _EGYPT_; - - AND THE WORDS - - "PENINSULA" and "SOBRAON;" - - IN COMMEMORATION OF ITS DISTINGUISHED SERVICES - IN _EGYPT_ IN THE YEAR 1801; - IN THE _PENINSULA_ FROM 1812 TO 1814; - - AND - - AT THE BATTLE OF _SOBRAON_ IN 1846. - - - - -CONTENTS. - - - YEAR PAGE - - 1685 Formation of the Regiment 1 - - ---- Arms and Uniform 2 - - ---- Station and Establishment 3 - - ---- Earl of Bath, and other Officers appointed to - Commissions 4 - - 1688 Declaration of the Regiment, and of the garrison - of Plymouth, in favour of King William III. - and the Protestant cause 5 - - 1689 Six companies detached to Jersey and Guernsey 6 - - 1690 Embarked for Flanders - - - 1691 Encamped at Anderlecht - - - 1692 Encamped at Halle 7 - - ---- Battle of Steenkirk - - - ---- Engaged at Furnes and Dixmude 8 - - 1693 The French lines at D'Otignies forced 9 - - ---- Battle of Landen 10 - - 1694 Encamped at Ghent -- - - 1695 Attack on Fort Kenoque 11 - - ---- Siege of Namur -- - - 1696 Returned to England and occupied quarters in - London; afterwards in Suffolk and Essex 12 - - 1697 Re-embarked for the Netherlands, and joined the - army at Brussels -- - - ---- Treaty of Ryswick -- - - ---- Returned to England -- - - 1698 Proceeded to Ireland 13 - - 1701 War renewed 13 - - ---- Embarked for Holland, and reviewed at Breda by - King William III. -- - - ---- Encamped at Rosendael -- - - 1702 Decease of King William III., and accession of - Queen Anne -- - - ---- March to Duchy of Cleves -- - - ---- Arrival at Nimeguen 14 - - ---- War declared against France -- - - ---- Siege of Venloo -- - - ---- -------- Ruremonde -- - - ---- -------- Stevenswart -- - - ---- -------- the Citadel of Liege -- - - 1703 Proceeded to Maestricht 15 - - ---- ------------ Tongres -- - - ---- Siege of Huy -- - - ---- -------- Limburg 16 - - ---- Spanish Guelderland wrested from France -- - - ---- Marched back to Holland -- - - 1704 Proceeded from Holland to the Danube -- - - ---- Joined the Imperial Army -- - - ---- Battle of Schellenberg -- - - ---- Crossed the Danube 17 - - ---- Joined the Imperial Army under Prince Eugene - of Savoy 18 - - ---- Battle of Blenheim -- - - ---- Marshal Tallard and many officers and soldiers - made prisoners 19 - - ---- Marched to Holland with prisoners -- - - 1705 Attacks on Helixem, Neer-Winden, and Neer-Hespen 20 - - 1706 Encamped at Tongres 22 - - ---- Battle of Ramilies -- - - ---- Surrender of Brussels, Ghent, and principal towns - of Brabant -- - - 1706 Surrender of Ostend 23 - - ---- Siege of Menin, on the River Lys -- - - ---- Capture of Dendermond and Aeth -- - - 1707 Encampment near the village of Waterloo 24 - - 1708 Re-embarked for England to repel invasion by - the Pretender -- - - ---- Returned to Flanders, landed at Ostend, and - proceeded to Ghent -- - - ---- Re-taking of Ghent and Bruges by the French -- - - ---- Battle of Oudenarde 25 - - ---- Siege of Lisle -- - - ---- Town of Ghent re-captured 26 - - 1709 Siege and capture of Tournay 27 - - ---- Battle of Malplaquet 28 - - ---- Siege and surrender of Mons 29 - - ---- Marched into winter-quarters at Ghent -- - - 1710 Forcing the French lines at Pont-à-Vendin -- - - ---- Siege and surrender of Douay 30 - - ---- Attack and surrender of Bethune -- - - ---- -------------------- of Aire and St. Venant 31 - - ---- Proceeded to Courtray -- - - ---- Winter-quarters at Courtray -- - - 1711 Encamped at Warde and on the plains of Lens -- - - ---- Forcing the lines at Arleux -- - - ---- Siege of Bouchain 32 - - 1712 Negociations for peace -- - - ---- Duke of Ormond assumed the command of the army -- - - ---- Surrender of Quesnoy -- - - ---- British troops withdrawn to Ghent, and thence - to Dunkirk -- - - 1713 Removed to Ghent 33 - - 1714 ---------- Nieuport -- - - 1715 Returned to England -- - - 1722 Encamped on Salisbury Plain 34 - - ---- Reviewed by King George I. and the Prince of Wales -- - - 1723 Proceeded to Scotland -- - - 1724 Returned to England -- - - 1730 Embarked for Gibraltar -- - - 1749 Returned to Ireland 35 - - 1751 Colours and costume regulated by Royal Warrant -- - - 1767 Embarked for North America 36 - - 1768 Proceeded to Boston -- - - 1775 Advanced to Concord and Lexington;--commencement - of American War 36 - - ---- Returned to Boston -- - - ---- Victory at Bunkers-Hill 38 - - 1776 Evacuation of Boston 39 - - ---- Returned to Nova Scotia 40 - - ---- Attack and capture of Long Island -- - - ---- Capture of New York -- - - ---- ---------- White Plains -- - - ---- ---------- Forts Washington and Lee 41 - - ---- ---------- Rhode Island -- - - 1777 Embarked for Philadelphia -- - - ---- Attack at Brandywine Creek 42 - - ---- March to Germantown -- - - ---- Capture of Philadelphia -- - - ---- ---------- Billing's-Point 43 - - ---- Fight at Germantown -- - - ---- Returned to Philadelphia -- - - ---- Attack at Whitemarsh -- - - 1778 Concentrated at New York -- - - ---- Evacuation of Philadelphia -- - - ---- Attack at Freehold in New Jersey 44 - - ---- Returned to England 45 - - 1783 Establishment reduced on termination of the - American War 45 - - ---- Embarked for Ireland -- - - 1786 ------------ Jamaica -- - - 1795 Returned to England -- - - ---- Embarked for West Indies 46 - - ---- Disembarked on account of a storm, and casualties - at Sea -- - - 1797 Proceeded to Portsmouth -- - - 1798 Embarked for Madras -- - - 1799 Removal to Bengal -- - - 1800 Embarked for Egypt 47 - - 1801 Landed at Cosseir -- - - ---- Crossed the Desert of Arabia 48 - - ---- Arrived at Kenna and Girgee in Upper Egypt -- - - ---- Proceeded down the Nile to Rosetta, and El-Hamed 49 - - ---- Surrender of Alexandria -- - - ---- French Army evacuate Egypt -- - - ---- Authorized to bear the _Sphinx_ with the word - "EGYPT" 50 - - 1802 Encamped at Alexandria -- - - 1803 Arrived at Malta -- - - 1804 Removed to Gibraltar 51 - - ---- Second Battalion added to the establishment, and - formed in Essex -- - - 1806 Battle of Maida 53 - - 1807 Embarked for Sicily -- - - 1809 Proceeded on an expedition to Naples 54 - - ---- Returned to Sicily 55 - - ---- Second Battalion embarked for Walcheren -- - - ---- Returned to England -- - - 1810 Embarked for Gibraltar -- - - ---- Proceeded to Malta 56 - - 1811 Embarked for Sicily -- - - 1812 First Battalion embarked for Spain 56 - - 1813 Second Battalion proceeded against the Island - of _Ponzo_ 57 - - ---- Returned to Sicily -- - - ---- First Battalion--Battle of Castalla 58 - - ---- Siege of Tarragona -- - - ---- Proceeded to Balaguer 60 - - ---- Accidental and destructive Fire -- - - ---- Marched to Valls and thence to Vendrills 61 - - ---- Blockade of Barcelona -- - - 1814 Cessation of hostilities -- - - ---- Arrived at Palermo 62 - - ---- Second Battalion embarked from Sicily for Malta -- - - 1815 Return of Napoleon Buonaparte to France -- - - ---- First Battalion embarked for Naples -- - - ---- Proceeded to Malta -- - - 1816 Peace restored; the First and Second Battalions - incorporated 63 - - ---- Authorised to bear the word "PENINSULA," on - the Colours and Appointments -- - - 1817 Embarked for the Ionian Islands -- - - 1819 Re-embarked for Malta -- - - 1821 Embarked for England -- - - 1823 Embarked for Ireland 64 - - 1826 Embarked for Portugal 65 - - 1828 Embarked for Corfu -- - - 1837 Returned to Ireland 66 - - 1839 Embarked for England -- - - 1841 Proceeded to Scotland -- - - 1842 Removed from Scotland -- - - ---- Embarked for India 67 - - 1845 Proceeded to Meerut -- - - 1846 Joined the army on the Sutlej -- - - ---- Battle of Sobraon 68 - - 1846 Authorised to bear the word "SOBRAON," on - the Colours and Appointments 71 - - ---- Occupation of Lahore 72 - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. - - 1685 John Earl of Bath 73 - - 1688 Sir Charles Carney 74 - - ---- Earl of Bath (_re-appointed_) -- - - 1693 Sir Beville Granville 75 - - 1703 Lord North and Grey -- - - 1715 Henry Grove 76 - - 1737 Francis Columbine 77 - - 1746 James Lord Tyrawley -- - - 1749 Edward Pole 78 - - 1763 Edward Sandford 79 - - 1781 Sir Robert Murray Keith, K.B. -- - - 1795 Hon. Henry Edward Fox -- - - 1811 Hon. Thomas Maitland 80 - - 1824 Sir John Lambert, G.C.B. 81 - - 1847 Sir Thomas McMahon, Bt. and K.C.B. 82 - - -PLATES. - - Original Costume of the Regiment _to face_ 1 - - At the Battle of Steenkirk " 7 - - Colours of the Regiment " 36 - - Costume of the Regiment 1848 " 72 - - -APPENDIX. - - Battles, Sieges, &c., from 1689 to 1697 83 - - --------------------- from 1702 to 1713 84 - - -[Illustration: - - TENTH FOOT - - 1685 - - For Cannon's Military Records. -] - - - - - HISTORICAL RECORD - - OF - - THE TENTH, - - OR - - THE NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE - - REGIMENT OF FOOT. - - -[Sidenote: 1661 to 1684] - -After the Restoration, when King Charles II. had disbanded the -army of the commonwealth, a small military force was embodied -under the title of "guards and garrisons;" one of the independent -companies of infantry incorporated for garrison duty was commanded -by that distinguished nobleman, JOHN, EARL OF BATH, who had evinced -fidelity and attachment to the royal cause in the rebellion in the -reign of King Charles I., and during the usurpations of Cromwell; -this company was stationed in the fortress of Plymouth, of which -the EARL OF BATH was governor, and it was the nucleus of the -regiment which forms the subject of this memoir. - -[Sidenote: 1685] - -In June, 1685, when JAMES, DUKE OF MONMOUTH, had landed in the West -of England, with a band of armed followers from the Netherlands, -and erected the standard of rebellion, commissions were issued, -by King James II., for raising eleven companies of foot, of one -hundred private soldiers each, which companies were united to the -Plymouth independent garrison company, and constituted a regiment, -of which the EARL OF BATH was appointed colonel, by commission -dated the 20th of June, 1685, and the corps thus formed now bears -the title of "THE TENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT." - -These eleven companies were raised in Derbyshire and -Nottinghamshire; the town of Derby being the general rendezvous -of the corps; and they were raised under the authority of royal -warrants, bearing date the 20th of June, by the following -gentlemen, who evinced their loyalty by coming forward to the -support of the crown at that important crisis:--viz., Colonel, -JOHN, EARL OF BATH; Lieut.-Colonel, SIR NICHOLAS STANNINGS; Major, -SIR CHARLES CARNEY; Captains, MICHAEL BOURK, CHARLES POWELL, SIR -THOMAS WINDHAM, EDWARD SCOTT, BERNARD STRODE, JOHN SYDENHAM, -FRANCIS VIVIAN, and SYDNEY GODOLPHIN. - -After the suppression of this rebellion, many newly raised corps -were disbanded, and the EARL OF BATH's regiment was reduced to ten -companies of fifty private soldiers each. - -The regiment was armed with muskets and pikes; the uniform was -_blue_, coats lined with _red_, red waistcoats, breeches, and -stockings; round hats with broad brims, the brim turned up on one -side and ornamented with red ribands; the pikemen wore red worsted -sashes. This was the only infantry regiment clothed in blue coats; -the other corps wore red coats; red had been generally worn by the -English soldiers from the time of Queen Elizabeth; but several of -Cromwell's regiments were clothed in blue, and King Charles II. -clothed the royal regiment of horse guards in blue, and a regiment -of marines, raised in his reign, in yellow. A few years after the -revolution in 1688, the TENTH were clothed in red. - -In August, 1685, the EARL OF BATH'S regiment marched from Derby to -Hounslow, and encamped upon the heath, where it was reviewed by -the King, and afterwards marched to Plymouth, to relieve the Queen -Dowager's regiment, now second foot. - -[Sidenote: 1686] - -The following statement of the numbers and rates of pay is copied -from the establishment of the army, under the sign manual, dated -the 1st of January, 1686. - - +----------------------------------------------+---------------+ - | The Earl of Bath's Regiment. | Pay per day. | - +----------------------------------------------+---------------+ - | Staff. | £. _s. d._ | - | | | - | 1 Colonel, _as Colonel_ | 0 12 0 | - | 1 Lieut.-Colonel, _as Lieut.-Colonel_ | 0 7 0 | - | 1 Major, _as Major_ | 0 5 0 | - | 1 Chaplain | 0 6 8 | - | 1 Chirurgeon, iv_s._ 1 Mate, ii_s._ v_id._ | 0 6 6 | - | 1 Adjutant | 0 4 0 | - | 1 Quarter-Master and Marshal | 0 4 0 | - | +---------------+ - | Total for Staff | 2 5 2 | - | +===============+ - | The Colonel's Company. | | - | | | - | The Colonel, as Captain | 0 8 0 | - | 1 Lieutenant | 0 4 0 | - | 1 Ensign | 0 3 0 | - | 2 Serjeants, xviii_d._ each | 0 3 0 | - | 3 Corporals, i_s._ each | 0 3 0 | - | 1 Drummer | 0 1 0 | - | 50 Private Soldiers, at viii_d._ each | 1 13 4 | - | +---------------+ - | Total for one Company | 2 15 4 | - | +---------------+ - | Nine Companies more | 24 18 0 | - | +---------------+ - | Total | 29 18 6 | - | | | - | Per Annum, £10,922 12_s._ 6_d._ | | - +----------------------------------------------+---------------+ - -Leaving Plymouth in March, 1686, the regiment occupied quarters at -Guildford and Godalming until the 24th of May, when it pitched -its tents on Hounslow-heath, where a numerous body of troops was -assembled for exercise and review. At this camp the regiment had -an independent company of grenadiers attached to it, and after the -reviews it marched into garrison at Portsmouth. - -[Sidenote: 1687] - -In 1687, the following officers were holding commissions in the -regiment:-- - - _Captains._ _Lieutenants._ _Ensigns._ - - Earl of Bath, (col.) Maurice Roch. James Mohun. - Sir Cha. Carney, (lt.-col.) John Prideaux. Richd. Nagle. - Sir Bev. Granville, (major) D. Bradshaw. Jas. Granville. - Sir Thomas Windham. Cha. Harbine. Jacob Breams. - Edward Scott. Richard Scott. James Steukly. - Sydney Godolphin. Wm. Morgan. Jno. Granville. - John, Lord Arundel. Thos. Trevanion. Edw. Chard. - Bernard Strode. Thos. Lamb. Thos. Cary. - Ranald Graham. John Long. Hercules Low. - John Sydenham. Hy. Hook. John Jacob. - John Granville. { Roger Elliott } Grenadier Co. - { Roger Evans } - _Chaplain_, Thos. Nixon. _Adjutant_, R. Elliott. - _Chirurgeon_, James Yong. _Quarter-Master_, Jno. Freeman. - -The regiment left Portsmouth, in April, 1687, for Winchester and -Taunton; in June, it once more pitched its tents on Hounslow-heath, -and in August marched into quarters in London. It did not remain -long in the metropolis: and after several changes of quarters it -was placed in garrison at Plymouth. - -[Sidenote: 1688] - -When King James II., who was a zealous Roman Catholic, pursued the -interests of papacy so far as to occasion much alarm among his -Protestant subjects, the EARL OF BATH stood aloof from the measures -of the Court, and he was one of the noblemen who communicated -privately with the PRINCE OF ORANGE, to whom the nation looked for -aid to oppose the arbitrary proceedings of the King. In November, -1688, when the Prince of Orange arrived with a Dutch armament, the -TENTH and Thirteenth regiments were in garrison at Plymouth,--the -TENTH occupying the citadel, and the two colonels were with their -regiments. The Earl of Bath was in the interest of the Prince of -Orange; but the Earl of Huntingdon adhered to King James: the -lieut.-colonel of the TENTH, Sir Charles Carney, was a steadfast -supporter of the Court, and the lieut.-colonel of the Thirteenth, -Ferdinando Hastings, was a warm advocate for the Prince of Orange; -thus the interest of the superior officers of the two regiments -was equally divided. It appeared doubtful, for some time, to which -party the garrison of Plymouth would devote itself; but eventually, -the Earl of Bath, being the senior officer and governor of the -fortress, ordered the Earl of Huntingdon to be arrested: he also -ordered four Roman Catholic officers of the Thirteenth,--viz., -Captain Owen Macarty, Lieutenants William Rhodesby, Talbot -Lascelles, and Ensign Ambrose Jones, to be arrested; he then -declared for the Prince of Orange, and induced the two regiments to -engage in the same interest. The garrison having been settled in -the name of the Prince of Orange, the Earl of Huntingdon and the -Roman Catholic officers of his regiment were released. - -The news of the loss of Plymouth, and of the two regiments having -declared for the Prince of Orange, together with similar events -taking place in other parts of the kingdom, proved to King James -that his soldiers would not fight against the Protestant religion -and the laws of the realm. His Majesty deprived the Earl of Bath -of his commissions, and appointed Lieut.-Colonel Sir Charles Carney -to the colonelcy of the TENTH foot by commission dated the 8th of -December. The regiment had, however, engaged in the interest of -the Prince of Orange, and this change in the colonel produced no -alteration in the sentiments of the regiment. King James fled to -France, and on the 31st of December the Prince restored the Earl of -Bath to the colonelcy. - -[Sidenote: 1689] - -The accession of the Prince and Princess of Orange to the throne -was followed by a civil war in Scotland and Ireland; but the TENTH -were intrusted with the charge of the citadel of Plymouth, and they -were not employed in the field in 1689 or 1690; they, however, -detached six companies to the islands of Jersey and Guernsey. - -[Sidenote: 1690] - -[Sidenote: 1691] - -In 1690, the powerful efforts of the French monarch to reduce -the Spanish provinces in the Netherlands under his dominion, -occasioned the regiment to be called into active service. Embarking -from Jersey, Guernsey, and Plymouth, the TENTH foot, commanded -by Lieut.-Colonel Sir Beville Granville, nephew of the Earl of -Bath, sailed to Ostend, and landing at that port marched up the -country, and joined the army commanded by King William III. The -regiment enjoyed the confidence of the King to a great extent, and -on joining the army, it was ordered to pitch its tents near His -Majesty's quarters at Anderlecht. It was formed in brigade with -the seventh, sixteenth, and Fitzpatrick's (afterwards disbanded), -under Brigadier-General Churchill, and after taking part in several -movements, went into winter-quarters. - -[Illustration: - - _J. M. Jopling del^t._ _Madeley lith. 3 Wellington S^t. Strand._ - - TENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. - - AT THE BATTLE OF STEENKIRK, 3^{RD} AUG^T. 1692. - - _For Cannon's Military Records._ -] - -[Sidenote: 1692] - -Quitting its cantonments among the Flemish peasantry, in May, 1692, -the regiment again took the field, and was employed in several -operations. In the beginning of August it was encamped at Halle, -and, early on the morning of the 3rd of that month, it advanced -at the head of the main body of the confederate army to attack -the French in position at _Steenkirk_. After passing through some -narrow defiles among trees, the Third and TENTH foot halted at the -extremity of a wood, at the moment when the brigades forming the -van of the army were severely engaged with very superior numbers. -A short distance in front of the TENTH, and near the skirt of the -wood a little to the left, a regiment of Lunenburgers, commanded by -the Baron of Pibrack, was contending with two French battalions, -and was nearly overpowered; it was falling back, fighting, and in -some disorder; the French were gaining ground; and its colonel, -the Baron of Pibrack, lay dangerously wounded a few yards in front -of the muzzles of the enemy's muskets. Prince Casimir of Nassau -galloped up to the TENTH, and requested them to advance to the aid -of the Lunenburgers; when the regiment formed line, the pikemen -in the centre, and the musketeers and grenadiers on each flank, -and Lieut.-Colonel Sir Beville Granville led it forward with great -gallantry. At that moment the Lunenburgers were overpowered, and -the French were hurrying forward with shouts, and a heavy fire of -musketry, when suddenly the TENTH, conspicuous by their blue coats, -scarlet breeches and stockings, and three stand of scarlet colours -floating in the breeze, were seen issuing from among the trees in -firm array. So noble a line of combatants, separating itself from -the broken sections of the retreating Lunenburgers, startled the -enemy; the French artillery thundered against its flanks,--their -musketry smote it in front,--yet the regiment bore sternly forward -to close on its numerous enemies, when the French fell back. Two -serjeants of the TENTH sprang forward and rescued the Baron of -Pibrack, bearing him from among his enemies to the rear, and the -regiment pressed forward, without firing a shot, until it gained a -hollow way beyond the skirts of the wood, where it halted, and the -musketeers, taking sure aim over the bank, soon cleared the ground -in their front of opponents. Numerous narrow defiles and other -obstructions prevented the main body of the British infantry from -arriving in time to support the brigades in advance; King William -ordered a retreat, and Prince Casimir of Nassau arrived with orders -for the TENTH to withdraw from their post. The Prince highly -commended the conduct of the regiment on that, the first occasion -of its being engaged, and its bearing proved a presage of future -renown. - -The regiment had a number of private soldiers killed and wounded; -also Captain Elliott, Lieutenants Thomas Granville and John -Granville, wounded. - -Towards the end of August, the TENTH were detached from the main -army, and having joined a number of troops which had arrived -from England under Lieut.-General the Duke of Leinster, they -were employed in seizing and fortifying the towns of Furnes and -Dixmude. On the 22nd of September, as working parties of the -seventh and TENTH foot were enlarging the ditch of a bastion, they -found a quantity of hidden treasure, consisting of old French -coins, amounting to nearly five hundred pounds sterling, supposed -(according to D'Auvergne's history of the campaign of 1692) to have -been concealed there during the civil war in Flanders towards the -close of the preceding century. - -In the middle of October, the regiment marched to Damme, a little -strong town, situated between Bruges and Sluys, where it passed the -winter. - -[Sidenote: 1693] - -The TENTH regiment of foot appears in the list of troops under -King William III., at Parck camp near Louvain, in June, 1693, and -they were ordered to pitch their tents in the fields adjoining -the defiles of Berbeck, to guard that avenue to the camp. While -the army was at this place, several skirmishes occurred; but the -only loss sustained by the TENTH was on the 25th of June, when -an outpost of a serjeant's party, covering a number of horses at -grass, was attacked, and three men were severely wounded. - -On the 1st of July, the regiment was detached from the main army, -with other forces under the Duke of Wirtemberg, to attack the -enemy's fortified lines between the rivers Scheldt and Lys. After -a march of eight days, the troops arrived in front of the lines -near _D'Otignies_, and on the following day the works were attacked -at three points. The grenadiers formed the van of each attack; -the right column was composed of Danes; the Argyle highlanders -headed the centre column, and the TENTH foot took the lead of the -column on the left. When the signal for the assault was given, the -TENTH raised a loud shout and ran forward. The pikemen arrived at -the little river Espiers, which ran in front of the lines, and -cast a number of fascines into the water, but the stream carried -them away. The grenadiers of the TENTH and other regiments, being -anxious to signalize themselves, dashed into the current, at the -same time the musketeers advanced to the bank and fired upon -their opponents on the works. The river was so deep that many of -the soldiers were up to the chin in water; but they gained the -shore without serious loss,--sprang forward with astonishing -rapidity,--forded the ditch,--pulled down the palisadoes,--and -ascended the lines, sword in hand; the officers and grenadiers -of the TENTH being the first that entered the works. As the -soldiers climbed the entrenchments, shouting and flourishing their -swords, the French fled, and the lines were carried with little -loss. D'Auvergne states that the grenadiers of the EARL OF BATH'S -regiment (TENTH) found a cask of brandy in one of the abandoned -redoubts, which proved very welcome, as the soldiers had been -exposed to a heavy rain for several days. - -After forcing the lines, contributions were levied on the territory -subject to France, as far as Lisle: and the Duke of Wirtemberg -was so well pleased with the conduct of the TENTH, that he made a -donation of a ducat to each man, and the same to the men of the -other regiments engaged in forcing the lines. - -While the TENTH were levying contributions, the main army under -King William was defeated at Landen; after this disaster the -regiment was ordered to join the army, but it was not engaged -in any service of importance, and in October it marched into -winter-quarters at Bruges. - -On the 29th of October, the Earl of Bath was succeeded in the -colonelcy by his nephew, Lieut.-Colonel Sir Beville Granville. - -[Sidenote: 1694] - -Leaving Bruges in May, 1694, the regiment pitched its tents near -Ghent. It served the campaign of that year in Brigadier-General -Stewart's brigade, in the division commanded by Major-General -Sir Henry Bellasis; and after taking part in several operations, -and performing many long and toilsome marches, it proceeded into -quarters at the pleasant town of Malines. - -[Sidenote: 1695] - -Early in the spring of 1695, the French commenced some new works -between the Lys and the Scheldt, when five hundred men of the TENTH -were withdrawn from Malines in the expectation of taking part in an -attempt to interrupt the enemy's proceedings; but this enterprise -was laid aside, and the regiment encamped at Marykirk until the -army took the field, when it was joined by the men left in quarters. - -The TENTH were subsequently detached to Dixmude, in West Flanders; -and they were one of the corps which pitched their tents before -the _Kenoque_, a fortress at the junction of the Loo and Dixmude -canals, where the French had a garrison. - -On the 9th of June, the grenadiers of the TENTH were engaged in -driving the French from the entrenchments and houses near the Loo -canal. A redoubt was afterwards taken, and a lodgment effected on -the works at the bridge; in which service the regiment had several -men killed and wounded. - -This enterprise was only designed as a diversion to favour the -operations of the main army, and when King William had besieged the -strong fortress of _Namur_, the regiment traversed the country to -the banks of the Lys, and joined the covering army under the Prince -of Vaudemont. - -When Marshal Villeroy advanced, with a force of very superior -numbers, to attack the covering army, the Prince of Vaudemont -retreated to Ghent, and during this retrograde movement, the -commanding officer of the TENTH, Lieut.-Colonel Sydney Godolphin, -and a serjeant and twelve men, resting at a house on the road too -long, were made prisoners. - -The regiment was subsequently employed in several movements to -protect the maritime and other towns of Flanders, and to cover the -army carrying on the siege of Namur. In August it was encamped -between Genappe and Waterloo, and after the surrender of the castle -of Namur, it marched into quarters in the villages between Nieuport -and Ostend. - -[Sidenote: 1696] - -In the spring of 1696, Louis XIV. endeavoured to weaken the power -of the confederate army in Flanders, by causing England to become -the seat of civil war. The partisans of King James were excited -to rise in arms; a plot was formed for the assassination of King -William, and a French army approached the coast to embark with King -James for England. The TENTH foot was one of the corps selected -to return to England on this occasion, and the regiment, having -embarked at Ostend, arrived at Gravesend in March. In the meantime -the conspirators had been discovered; a British fleet was sent -to blockade the French ports, and the designs of Louis XIV. were -frustrated. - -Several corps returned to Flanders; but the TENTH were selected to -remain on home service. - -The regiment landed at Gravesend, occupied quarters a short period -in London, and afterwards marched into extensive cantonments in the -counties of Suffolk and Essex. - -[Sidenote: 1697] - -In May, 1697, the regiment was ordered to embark for the -Netherlands, and it joined the army at the camp in front of -Brussels in July; but in a few weeks afterwards the treaty of -Ryswick gave peace to Europe. - -During the winter, the regiment returned to England; it landed at -Gravesend and Tilbury in December, and marched into quarters in -Essex. - -[Sidenote: 1698] - -[Sidenote: 1699] - -[Sidenote: 1700] - -Considerable reductions were made in the strength of the army, -after the peace of Ryswick, and the TENTH regiment was one of the -corps selected to proceed to Ireland; it embarked at Highlake in -July, 1698, and was stationed in Ireland during the following two -years. - -[Sidenote: 1701] - -Pursuing his schemes for the aggrandizement of his family with -unceasing assiduity, the King of France procured the accession -of his grandson, Philip, Duke of Anjou, to the throne of Spain, -and this open violation of existing treaties involved Europe in -another war. Among the corps first ordered to proceed on foreign -service to aid the continental powers in arresting the progress of -French usurpations, was the TENTH regiment of foot. It embarked at -Cork on the 15th of June, 1701, sailed to Holland, and was placed -in one of the frontier garrisons of that country. In September -it was encamped on Breda-heath, where it was reviewed, with the -remainder of the British troops in Holland, by King William III., -and afterwards returned to its former station in garrison. - -[Sidenote: 1702] - -In the spring of 1702, the regiment took the field to serve as -auxiliaries to the army of the Emperor of Germany, England not -having declared war against France; and at the camp at Rosendael, -news was received of the death of King William III. and of the -accession of Queen Anne on the 8th of March. From Rosendael the -TENTH marched to the Duchy of Cleves, and encamped at Cranenburg -on the Lower Rhine, forming part of the covering army during the -siege of _Kayserswerth_. In June a French force of superior numbers -marched through the forest of Cleves and plains of Goch to cut off -the allied army from Grave and Nimeguen; in consequence of this -movement the British, Dutch, and Germans at Cranenburg, struck -their tents a little before sunset on the 10th of June, and, by a -forced march, arrived within a few miles of _Nimeguen_, about eight -o'clock on the following morning, at which time the French columns -appeared on both flanks and in the rear. Some sharp fighting -occurred; the British corps forming the rear-guard evinced signal -gallantry, and the TENTH regiment distinguished itself: the enemy -was held in check until the army effected its retreat under the -works of Nimeguen. - -England declared war against France: additional troops arrived -in Holland, and the EARL OF MARLBOROUGH assumed the command. The -TENTH were engaged in the movements by which the French were driven -from their menacing position near the confines of Holland. The -regiment also formed part of the covering army during the siege of -_Venloo_,--a fortress on the east side of the river Maese, which -surrendered on the 25th of September. The regiment was next engaged -in covering the sieges of _Ruremonde_ and _Stevenswart_, both of -which places were captured in the early part of October. The army -afterwards advanced to the city of _Liege_, which immediately -opened its gates, but the citadel, and a detached fortress -called the Chartreuse, held out. The TENTH regiment was employed -in the siege of the citadel, and the grenadier company behaved -with great gallantry at the capture of that fortress by storm on -the 23rd of October. The citadel being carried by assault, the -garrison was nearly annihilated; the garrison of the Chartreuse -were eye-witnesses of this event, and surrendered immediately -afterwards, from apprehension of a similar fate. - -The city of Liege being rescued from the power of the enemy, the -regiment marched back to Holland, and passed the winter in garrison -at Breda. - -[Sidenote: 1703] - -Sir Beville Granville having been appointed governor of Barbadoes, -the colonelcy of the TENTH foot was conferred on William, Lord -North and Grey, by commission dated the 15th of January, 1703. - -Colonel Lord North and Grey proved a very gallant aspirant -for military fame; serving at the head of his regiment, and -distinguishing himself on numerous occasions. The TENTH left their -winter-quarters towards the end of April, 1703; on the 6th of -May, they arrived at Maeswyck, where they halted on the following -day; but, information having been received of the approach of a -powerful French army to cut off the detachments of the confederate -forces, the regiment struck its tents at sunset, with several other -corps, and, by a forced march, arrived at the city of _Maestricht_ -about noon on the following day. When the French army approached -that city, the regiment was in position, being one of the corps -stationed at Lonakin; some skirmishing and cannonading occurred, -and the French withdrew without venturing a general engagement. - -When the Duke of Marlborough advanced against the French at -Tongres, the TENTH were formed in brigade with the second battalion -of the royals, and the sixteenth, twenty-first, and twenty-sixth -regiments, under Brigadier-General the Earl of Derby. The enemy -took refuge behind an extensive line of works, and the English -General besieged the strong fortress of _Huy_, situate on the Maese -above Liege. The TENTH foot were employed at the siege; and, on -the 18th of August, when the enemy had vacated that portion of -the town which lay beyond the river, Colonel Lord North and Grey -took possession of it with the TENTH: another corps was afterwards -placed under his lordship's command, and the regiment held this -post during the remainder of the siege. - -_Huy_ having been captured, the siege of the city of _Limburg_ was -next undertaken, and this fortress was surrendered before the end -of September. Thus Spanish Guelderland was wrested from the power -of France, and in October the regiment marched back to Holland, -where it passed the winter. - -[Sidenote: 1704] - -While the Duke of Marlborough was capturing fortress after fortress -in the Netherlands, the French and Bavarians had great success in -Germany; their united efforts threatened to overturn the imperial -throne, and, in 1704, the British commander led his army from -Holland to the Danube, to the succour of the Emperor Leopold. -The TENTH foot, commanded by Colonel Lord North and Grey, had -the honour of being employed in this splendid enterprise, which -elevated the reputation of the British arms, and immortalized the -name of Marlborough for the conception of the movement, and the -secrecy and rapidity with which it was executed. - -To engage in this undertaking, the regiment left its -winter-quarters early in May, 1704, and directing its march to -the Rhine, proceeded along the banks of that river to Coblentz, -where it passed the Rhine and the Moselle on the 25th and 26th of -that month. From Coblentz the army marched towards the Maine, and -traversing the several states of Germany, arrived at the seat of -war to co-operate with the forces of the empire. - -On the 2nd of July, after a long march through a difficult country, -the British approached the fortified post of _Schellenberg_, a -commanding height on the left bank of the Danube, where a body -of French and Bavarians were stationed under the Count d'Arco, -and about six in the evening, a detachment from each British -regiment, with the foot guards, royals, and twenty-third, under -Brigadier-General Fergusson, and a Dutch force under General Goor, -advanced to attack the entrenchments. A very spirited resistance -was made by the enemy, and, eventually, the TENTH were led up the -contested height to join in the attack. Firmly and steadily the -soldiers of the TENTH moved up the steep ascent, which was strewed -with killed and wounded; arriving within range of the enemy's fire, -an iron tempest smote the ranks, and the firm order of the regiment -was shaken: a short pause ensued. At that moment the British -cavalry approached to support the infantry, and the Germans under -the Margrave of Baden arrived to prolong the attack and assail the -enemy in the rear. Encouraged by these circumstances, the British -and Dutch infantry raised a loud shout, and, breaking with terrific -violence into the entrenchments, overpowered all resistance. The -Duke of Marlborough led the British cavalry forward, and completed -the overthrow of the enemy. - -The TENTH had Captain Crow and fifteen rank and file killed; three -serjeants, and thirty-six rank and file wounded. - -Crossing the Danube, and advancing into Bavaria, the regiment was -engaged in various operations; it proceeded to the vicinity of the -enemy's fortified camp at Augsburg, and afterwards returned to the -Danube at Donawerth: in the meantime a numerous body of French -troops had traversed the Black Forest and joined the enemy. - -About ten o'clock on the night of the 11th of August, the army -under the Duke of Marlborough joined the imperialists commanded by -Prince Eugene of Savoy, at the village of Munster, near the bank of -the Danube. On the following day the regiment was ordered forward -to support the piquets, which were attacked by the enemy's hussars. - -At daybreak, on the morning of the memorable 13th of August, the -regiment was under arms, to engage in a battle which appeared -to involve the fate of the Christian world: it formed, on this -occasion, part of the brigade under Brigadier-General Row. - -Advancing from the camp-ground, the soldiers arrived in front of -the enemy's position, and the TENTH, commanded by their gallant -young colonel, LORD NORTH AND GREY, were destined to attack the -village of _Blenheim_, where the enemy had posted a numerous body -of troops, thrown up entrenchments, and constructed palisades. -Against this village, Brigadier-General Row's brigade advanced -with great gallantry: the TENTH and Royal Scots Fusiliers led -the attack, and were distinguished for their intrepid bearing; -but all efforts to force the village against an enemy of so very -superior numbers, and advantageously posted, proved ineffectual. As -the brigade withdrew, it was charged by some French cavalry, who -were repulsed by the fire of a Hessian brigade. Brigadier-General -Fergusson led a brigade against the other side of the village; -but without success. A sharp fire was afterwards kept up at this -point, and the army deployed to engage the main body of the French -and Bavarians. In the conflict which followed, British valour was -conspicuous, and after a contest of several hours' duration, the -French and Bavarian armies were overthrown and nearly annihilated; -Marshal Tallard, and many officers and soldiers being made -prisoners. - -When the main body of their army was overthrown, the French troops -in Blenheim were insulated; thrice they attempted to escape, but -they were forced back. They took shelter behind the houses and -enclosures; but they were soon surrounded, and twelve squadrons -of cavalry, with twenty-four battalions of infantry, surrendered -prisoners of war. Thus ended the mighty struggle of this eventful -day, so glorious to the British arms! - -The honours acquired by the regiment had been attended with the -loss of many valuable lives. Captains Dawes, Sir John Sands, -Cavendish, and Burton; Lieutenants Frazer and Wycks; Ensigns Breams -and Dawson, were killed: Colonel Lord North and Grey lost his -right hand; Major Granville; Captains Cunningham and Spotswood; -Lieutenants Bulwer, Boylblanc, and Hornby; Ensigns Crow and -Rossington, were wounded. The number of non-commissioned officers -and private soldiers of the regiment, killed and wounded, has not -been ascertained. - -After passing the night on the field of battle, surrounded with -the ensanguined trophies of victory, the TENTH were selected to -guard the prisoners from Germany to Holland, in which service five -British battalions were employed. The prisoners were marched to -Mentz, where they were put on board of small vessels, and sailed -to Holland. The regiment arrived at the Hague in October, and, -having delivered up the prisoners, it was placed in garrison for -the winter: its services are not, therefore, connected with the -operations of the army in Germany after the victory at Blenheim. - -[Sidenote: 1705] - -A numerous body of fine recruits arrived from England, in the -spring of 1705, to replace the losses of the preceding campaign, -and in May, 1705, when the regiment took the field, its appearance -was admired. It was reviewed by the Duke of Marlborough, at the -camp on the left bank of the Maese, and afterwards marched to -Juliers. From Juliers the regiment marched through a mountainous -country to the valley of the Moselle, and pitched its tents near -the ancient city of Treves. The army being united, it passed the -rivers Moselle and Saar on the 3rd of June, traversed the difficult -defile of Tavernen, and encamped within seven miles of Syrk. At -this place the army halted, waiting for the imperialists, whose -tardy movements and inefficient state disappointed the expectations -of the English commander, and rendered it necessary for him to -hurry back to the Netherlands to arrest the progress of the French -on the Maese. - -In the forced march from Syrk to the Maese, the regiment lost many -men from fatigue; and soon after its arrival, it was selected to -take part in storming the enemy's fortified lines, which were -protected by a numerous army. To render this great undertaking as -certain as possible, these formidable barriers were menaced on the -south of the Mehaigne, and the French troops being drawn in that -direction, the point selected for the attack was thus weakened. On -the evening of the 17th of July, the corps selected to commence the -attack marched in the direction of _Helixem_ and _Neer-Hespen_, the -TENTH forming part of the leading brigade of infantry; and they -were followed by the remainder of the army. About four o'clock on -the following morning, they approached the lines and surprised -the enemy's guards. Inspired with emulation, the soldiers soon -cleared the villages of Neer-Winden and Neer-Hespen, seized the -village and bridge of Helixem, and carried the castle of Wange -with little loss; the enemy being surprised and confounded by -the suddenness of the attack. Encouraged by this success, and -stimulated by the noble example of several officers, the troops -rushed through the enclosures and marshy grounds, forded the river -Gheet, and crowded across the fortifications; the French retreating -in a panic. Thus the lines were forced, and the soldiers of the -TENTH stood triumphant on the captured works, where the cross of -St. George, floating in the air, served as a beacon to impart a -knowledge of this splendid success to the main body of the army, -still at some distance. A numerous body of the enemy's cavalry and -infantry hurried to the spot to drive back the troops which had -passed the lines, when some sharp fighting occurred, which ended in -the overthrow of the enemy, who made a precipitate retreat behind -the river Dyle. This daring enterprise was thus achieved; and the -talents of the Duke of Marlborough, with the intrepidity and valour -of the British soldiers, were admired by all nations. The English -commander stated in his despatch, that the troops _acquitted -themselves with a bravery surpassing all that could have been hoped -of them_. - -The TENTH shared in the operations of the main army during the -remainder of the campaign, but had no opportunity of distinguishing -themselves in action: they passed the winter in garrison in Holland. - -[Sidenote: 1706] - -Each successive victory had inspired the troops with additional -confidence in their commander, and in their own prowess: to besiege -a town, or fight a battle, and not conquer, when the DUKE OF -MARLBOROUGH commanded, appeared impossible. With a bold assurance -that fresh triumphs awaited them, the soldiers took the field in -May, 1706, and the TENTH foot joined the camp near Tongres on the -19th of that month. On the 23rd of May, as the army was advancing -in eight columns, information was received that the French, -Spaniards, and Bavarians, commanded by Marshal Villeroy and the -Elector of Bavaria, were taking up a position at Mont St. André, -with their centre at the village of _Ramilies_, and the allies -prepared for battle. - -Diverging into the open plain, the allied army formed line and -advanced against the enemy. The TENTH foot, being on the right of -the line, proceeded, with a number of other corps, in the direction -of the village of Autreglise, and made a demonstration of attacking -the enemy's left. The French weakened their centre to support their -left, and the British commander instantly seized the opportunity -and attacked the weakened point. The TENTH foot were among the -corps which, occupying some high ground on the right, were not -engaged during the early part of the battle; but they had a full -view of the conflict on the plain. At length a crisis arrived: the -brigades on the right were ordered into action, when the TENTH -evinced that intrepidity and firmness for which the regiment had -been distinguished on former occasions, and another decisive -victory exalted the fame of the British arms. The broken remains -of the French, Spanish, and Bavarian legions were pursued for many -miles, and an immense number of prisoners, cannon, standards, and -colours was captured. - -The effect of this surprising victory was the immediate surrender -of Brussels, Ghent, and the principal towns of Brabant, and the -intelligence of these events produced such an electric sensation -throughout England, that the gallant exploits of the heroes of -_Ramilies_ became a general theme of conversation, and the subject -of numerous addresses to the throne. Rewards were conferred on -officers who had distinguished themselves, and the commanding -officer of the TENTH, the gallant Lord North and Grey, was promoted -to the rank of brigadier-general, and placed at the head of three -battalions of infantry. - -Several towns in Flanders held out; and in June the TENTH marched -to Arseele, and afterwards to Rouselaer, and formed part of the -covering army during the siege of _Ostend_, which fortress was -delivered up on the 8th of July. - -After the surrender of Ostend, the regiment was selected to take -part in the siege of _Menin_, a strong town pleasantly situated on -the little river Lys. This fortress was accounted the key to the -French conquests in the Netherlands, and one of the masterpieces -of the celebrated Vauban: the siege therefore excited an unusual -degree of interest. The town was invested on the 23rd of July; -and the conduct of the TENTH during the progress of the siege, -corresponded with the high character of the regiment. Considerable -loss was sustained in carrying on the attacks, but the soldiers had -the gratification of witnessing this place added to the numerous -conquests made during this memorable campaign. - -Dendermond and Aeth were afterwards captured; and in November the -regiment took up its winter-quarters at Ghent. - -[Sidenote: 1707] - -During the campaign of 1707, the regiment formed part of the -brigade commanded by its colonel, Brigadier-General Lord North and -Grey, and it was some time encamped near the village of Waterloo. -The English commander was unable, this year, to bring his cautious -opponents to a general engagement. In October, the regiment -returned to Ghent. - -[Sidenote: 1708] - -While the regiment was reposing in quarters at this city, the king -of France fitted out a fleet, and embarked troops at Dunkirk, -for the invasion of Great Britain, with a view of placing the -Pretender on the throne. To repel the invaders, the TENTH regiment -embarked for England in the middle of March, 1708, and arrived at -Tynemouth on the 21st; but the French squadron, with the Pretender -on board, was chased from the British coast by the English fleet, -and the TENTH were ordered to Flanders: they landed at Ostend, and -proceeded in boats to Ghent, where they arrived towards the end of -April. - -In May the regiment quitted Ghent, and was engaged in the -operations of the main army; and soon afterwards the French, by -treachery and stratagem, obtained possession of the two towns -of Ghent and Bruges. They also invested _Oudenarde_, and this -circumstance led to a general engagement, in which the TENTH gained -new honours. - -Passing the Scheldt on pontoon bridges near Oudenarde, on the 11th -of July, the allied army encountered the legions of the enemy, -commanded by his Royal Highness the Duke of Burgundy and the -Duke of Vendome, in the fields beyond the river, and the battle -immediately commenced. The TENTH, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel -Grove, passed the Scheldt by the bridge between Oudenarde and the -abbey of Eename, and ascended the heights of Bevere. At this place -they halted a short time, then descended into the plain, and -engaged the French battalions in the grounds beyond the rivulet, -near the village of Eyne. About five o'clock in the afternoon the -regiment opened its fire, and it continued to gain ground upon its -opponents, until the shades of evening gathered over the field of -battle. The wings of the allied army gained upon the enemy, and -the circling blaze of musketry enveloped the French troops, whose -destruction appeared inevitable, but the darkness of the night soon -rendered it impossible to distinguish friends from foes, and the -Duke of Marlborough ordered his soldiers to cease firing, and to -halt. The darkness favoured the escape of the enemy, and the wreck -of the French army retreated in disorder towards Ghent. - -This victory prepared the way for an undertaking of great -magnitude,--viz., the siege of _Lisle_, the capital of French -Flanders,--a fortress deemed almost impregnable, and garrisoned by -fifteen thousand men, commanded by the veteran Marshal Boufflers. -This enterprise put the abilities of the generals, and the courage -and endurance of the troops, to a severe trial. The TENTH formed -part of the covering army under the Duke of Marlborough, while the -siege was carried on by the brigades under Prince Eugene of Savoy. -The services of the TENTH were of a varied character,--escorting -supplies,--furnishing out-posts,--confronting the French army which -advanced to raise the siege; and eventually the grenadier company -joined the besieging army, and took part in the attacks on the town. - -When the Elector of Bavaria besieged Brussels, the TENTH formed -part of the force which advanced to raise the siege. The enemy's -strong positions on the _Scheldt_ were forced on the 27th of -November; and the Elector made a precipitate retreat from before -Brussels. - -The citadel of Lisle surrendered on the 9th of December, and, -notwithstanding the lateness of the season, the soldiers of the -TENTH were called upon to engage in another enterprise. They -appeared before _Ghent_,--drove back the enemy's out-guards, and -took part in opening the trenches between the Scheldt and the Lys, -on the night of the 24th of December, on which occasion their -colonel, Lord North and Grey, evinced signal gallantry, and he was -rewarded, a few days afterwards, with the rank of major-general. -On the 26th of December, ten companies of French grenadiers issued -from the town to attack the besieging troops, and they put the -first regiment they came in contact with in some confusion. - -The TENTH were immediately led to the spot, and they engaged -the French grenadiers with spirit. The commanding officer of -the regiment, Lieutenant-Colonel Grove, was made prisoner, and -Brigadier-General Evans, who commanded the troops at that point, -was also captured; but the enemy was soon driven back into the -town. On the 2nd of January, 1709, the governor surrendered; and -the TENTH took up their quarters for the winter in the captured -town. - -[Sidenote: 1709] - -From Ghent, the regiment marched, in the spring of 1709, to the -plain of Lisle; and was afterwards encamped on the Upper Dyle. -After menacing the enemy's lines, and causing Marshal Villars -to draw all the troops out of the fortified towns, which could -possibly be spared, to strengthen his army in the field, the allies -suddenly invested _Tournay_. During the siege of the town the TENTH -regiment formed part of the covering army, but when the citadel was -attacked, this, with several other regiments, left the covering -army, and marched to Tournay to take part in the siege. - -The citadel of Tournay was situated on some high ground, with a -gentle ascent from the town, and the siege proved a service of -the most difficult character. The peculiarities arose not so much -from the strength of the fortifications, as from the multiplicity -of the subterraneous works, which were more numerous than those -aboveground. The approaches were carried on by sinking pits several -fathoms deep, and working from thence underground, until the troops -arrived at the casements and mines. The soldiers engaged in these -services frequently encountered parties of the enemy, and numerous -combats occurred in these gloomy labyrinths. On some occasions -the men at work underground were inundated with water; on another -occasion three hundred men were suffocated with smoke, and a -hundred men were buried by the explosion of a mine. A detachment -of the eighteenth foot was blown into the air, and their limbs -scattered to a distance; and a battalion of Germans was destroyed -by another mine; the TENTH foot also lost a number of men in the -mines. At length it became difficult to induce the soldiers to -enter these dark caverns, and engage in so appalling a service; -they were, however, persuaded to persevere, and the citadel -surrendered in the beginning of September. - -After the capture of Tournay, the allied army traversed the country -with a view of besieging the city of Mons, the capital of the -province of Hainault; but when on the march, the allies found the -French army, under Marshals Villars and Boufflers, in position near -_Malplaquet_, and resolved to hazard an engagement. - -At three o'clock on the morning of the 11th of September, the -TENTH were on parade in the meadow where they had passed the night, -and the chaplain performed divine service. A thick mist concealed -the opposing armies from each other, but the din of hostile -preparation was heard, and the soldiers, having confidence in their -leaders, were anxious to acquire new laurels under their favourite -chiefs. They waited till the sun broke forth, and then the battle -commenced. - -Entrenchments, _abatis de bois_, and other defensive works, covered -the front and flanks of the French, and the storming of these -formidable works occasioned a greater loss of life, than occurred -at the battles of Blenheim, Ramilies, and Oudenarde put together. - -The TENTH were formed in brigade, on this occasion, with the -foot guards, royals, and thirty-seventh, and were in the column -commanded by General Count Lottum. To this column was allotted -the task of storming the enemy's entrenchments in the wood of -Taisniere, which proved a difficult service. The foot guards led -the attack, and behaved with great gallantry, but they encountered -such formidable opposition that they were repulsed. The royals -seconded the foot guards, and the buffs, being at the head of -the next brigade, prolonged the attack to the left. The TENTH -penetrated between the royals and the buffs, and the whole rushing -forward with determined resolution, forced the entrenchments, -when the French fell back fighting, but halted and renewed the -contest in the wood. The TENTH, and other corps at this point, -penetrated among the trees, and a sharp fire of musketry was kept -up. The foliage was thick, every tree was disputed, and the wood -re-echoed the din of battle. In the meantime a severe contest was -taking place at other parts of the field, and obstacles deemed -insurmountable were overcome; but the carnage was dreadful. -The enemy's centre was forced; the cavalry of the allied army -triumphed over the French horsemen, and the TENTH, and other -British regiments in the woods of Taisniere, gained ground on -their opponents. Eventually the French legions were driven from -the field, with the loss of many prisoners, colours, standards, -and cannon. When the soldiers of the allied army gazed at the -formidable entrenchments, and other difficulties they had overcome, -they were astonished at their own success. - -On this occasion the regiment did not sustain a very severe loss -in killed and wounded: the only officers mentioned in the list are -Lieutenants Fellowes and Elstead wounded. - -After the victory of Malplaquet, the siege of _Mons_ was -undertaken, and the TENTH formed part of the covering army: the -garrison surrendered on the 20th of October, and shortly afterwards -the regiment marched into winter-quarters at Ghent. - -[Sidenote: 1710] - -Leaving its winter-quarters in the middle of April, 1710, the -regiment directed its march to the vicinity of Tournay, where the -allied army assembled. The capture of the small post of _Mortagne_ -proved a prelude to another campaign in which several fortresses -were wrested from the French monarch. By a forced march the enemy's -lines were passed at _Pont-à-Vendin_, and the siege of _Douay_, a -considerable fortress in the second line of defence which covered -the frontiers of Artois, was undertaken. Douay is a town of -antiquity, having been a place of note in the time of the first -Counts of Flanders; the river Scarpe running through the town, the -river Haine being near it, the works being also strong, numerous, -and well garrisoned, the siege of this place was an important -undertaking. The TENTH foot, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Henry -Grove, had their post in the lines of circumvallation, but did not -take part in the attacks upon the works. When the French army, -under Marshal Villars, advanced to raise the siege, the regiment -was in position to oppose the enemy, and it had several men killed -and wounded by a heavy cannonade which occurred on that occasion. -Marshal Villars did not hazard an engagement, and the governor of -Douay, after a very gallant defence, surrendered on the 27th of -June. - -After this conquest the English general resolved to attack -_Bethune_, a strong town formerly belonging to the Counts of -Flanders; but having been taken by Gaston, Duke of Orleans, it was -annexed to the French monarchy at the peace of the Pyrenees in -1659. During the siege of Bethune, the TENTH had their post in the -covering army encamped at Villars-Brulin, where the regiment was -stationed until the garrison surrendered on the 29th of August. - -The next undertaking in which the army was engaged was the siege -of _Aire_ and _St. Venant_, which towns were so situated as to -admit of a simultaneous investment, and as the capture of these -fortresses would secure the navigation of the Lys, and open a -water communication with Tournay, Lisle, and Ghent, the skill of -the generals and the valour of the troops were called forth to -insure their reduction. The TENTH were among the corps engaged -in the siege of Aire, and as the governor of that place made a -very vigorous defence, a severe loss was sustained in killed and -wounded. The regiment was several times warmly engaged in carrying -on the attacks and storming the out-works; on which occasions its -gallant bearing called forth the commendations of the Prince of -Anhalt, who commanded the troops employed in the siege. On the 9th -of November, the garrison surrendered; but the possession of Aire -was purchased at a serious loss of brave soldiers. - -Thus, fortress after fortress fell before the superior skill of the -commanders and the prowess of the troops composing the allied army. -After the surrender of Aire, the TENTH marched to Courtray, a town -of Hainault, situate on the river Lys, and defended by towers and a -strong castle erected by Philip, Duke of Burgundy, in 1385: at this -place the regiment passed the winter, and its losses were replaced -by recruits from England. - -[Sidenote: 1711] - -Towards the end of April, 1711, the regiment was again in the -field; it was reviewed at the camp at Warde by the Duke of -Marlborough, on the 8th of June, and commended for its appearance -and discipline: it afterwards encamped on the plains of Lens. A new -line of formidable entrenchments, defended by a powerful French -army under the command of Marshal Villars, appeared as a barrier to -arrest the victorious career of the allied army; but the British -General, by menacing the enemy's left, and making ostentatious -preparations for storming the works at that point, occasioned the -French troops to be drawn to that quarter; in the meantime he had -privately assembled a number of corps at Douay, and by a forced -march these formidable works were passed at the unguarded post of -_Arleux_. The TENTH regiment of foot had the honor to take part -in forcing these lines, on which occasion the British General -developed that sublimity of military talent which has justly -stamped this campaign as peculiarly scientific and glorious. The -regiment was afterwards engaged in the siege of _Bouchain_, a -well-fortified town, situate on both sides of the river Scheldt: -and in carrying on the attacks, and performing its turn of duty in -the trenches, the regiment had several men killed and wounded. The -garrison surrendered in September, and after the damaged works were -repaired, the TENTH went into winter-quarters. - -[Sidenote: 1712] - -The French monarch saw his generals overmatched, his soldiers -beaten and dispirited, the barriers of his kingdom trampled down, -and the great Duke of Marlborough ready to lead his victorious -legions into the heart of France. Under these circumstances the -ambitious Louis XIV. solicited peace. Negociations commenced before -the TENTH foot took the field in April, 1712: the British troops -were, however, assembled near Tournay, and the Duke of Ormond -assumed the command in succession to the Duke of Marlborough. - -According to the returns of this period, the regiment brought six -hundred and twenty-three rank and file into the field. - -From Tournay the regiment advanced to the vicinity of Bouchain; -it subsequently formed part of the covering army, encamped at -Cateau-Cambresis, during the siege of _Quesnoy_, which fortress -surrendered on the 4th of July. Soon afterwards a suspension of -arms was proclaimed between the British and French, preparatory to -a treaty of peace, and the Duke of Ormond withdrew, with the troops -under his orders, to Ghent, from whence several corps were detached -to Dunkirk, to take possession of that fortress. - -[Sidenote: 1713] - -[Sidenote: 1714] - -The TENTH regiment of foot was subsequently quartered at Ghent; it -remained in Flanders while the negociations were being carried on -at Utrecht, and, in April, 1714, it was in garrison at the strong -maritime town of Nieuport. - -While the regiment was in garrison at Nieuport, Queen Anne died -(1st August), and was succeeded by King George I.; several corps -were ordered home on this occasion, but the TENTH were selected to -garrison one of the fortresses in Flanders during the negociations -for the barrier treaty. - -[Sidenote: 1715] - -In the summer of 1715, the adherents of the Stuart dynasty, -who were numerous, particularly in Scotland, made active -preparations for the elevation of the Pretender to the throne, -and Lieut.-General Lord North and Grey, being known to entertain -sentiments favourable to the Stuart family, was removed from -the colonelcy of the TENTH foot, which was conferred on the -Lieut.-Colonel, Brigadier-General Henry Grove (who had often -signalized himself at the head of the regiment), by commission -dated the 23rd of June, 1715. - -King George I., supported by his parliament, adopted very energetic -measures to oppose the designs of the Jacobites, and His Majesty, -having great confidence in the zeal of Brigadier-General Grove, and -in the attachment of the TENTH foot to the Protestant succession, -gave directions for the regiment to return to England: it landed -at the Tower-stairs, London, about the middle of August, and -afterwards marched to Colchester. - -The rebellion broke out in Scotland in September, and the Earl -of Mar headed the insurgent bands; but it was found necessary to -detain a number of corps in England, to overawe the disaffected; -and the TENTH were ordered to march, in the beginning of October, -to Hammersmith, Kensington, and Chelsea, to be near the court. -After the victories gained by the King's troops at Dumblain -and Preston, the regiment marched to Lichfield and Newcastle, -in Staffordshire, where it remained during the winter and the -following spring. - -[Sidenote: 1716] - -[Sidenote: 1717] - -In the summer of 1716, the regiment was stationed in Warwickshire, -and in 1717, in Lancashire. - -[Sidenote: 1722] - -The regiment continued to occupy various quarters in England, -until the summer of 1722, when it was encamped on Salisbury Plain, -where it was reviewed with a number of other corps, on the 30th -of August, by King George I. and his royal highness the Prince of -Wales. After the review, the regiment proceeded to Wolverhampton -and Birmingham. - -[Sidenote: 1723] - -[Sidenote: 1724] - -During the summer of 1723, the regiment marched to Scotland, from -whence it returned in 1724, and was stationed at Nottingham. - -[Sidenote: 1727] - -On the prospect of hostilities taking place on the Continent, -in the spring of 1727, between the Emperor of Germany and the -Dutch, the regiment was held in readiness to proceed on foreign -service; at the same time its colonel was promoted to the rank of -major-general, but no embarkation took place. - -On the 11th June, 1727, King George I. died, and King George II. -was proclaimed Sovereign of Great Britain and Ireland on the -following day. - -[Sidenote: 1730] - -In June, 1730, the regiment marched to Portsmouth, where it -embarked for Gibraltar, and formed part of the garrison of that -important fortress during the following nineteen years. - -[Sidenote: 1736] - -[Sidenote: 1737] - -[Sidenote: 1746] - -The decease of Lieut.-General Grove occurred on the 20th of -November, 1736, and the colonelcy of the regiment remained vacant -until June of the following year, when it was conferred on -Major-General Francis Columbine, who commanded the regiment nine -years, and was succeeded in December, 1746, by Lieut.-General James -Lord Tyrawley, from the third troop of life guards, which King -George II. had resolved to reduce, in order to diminish the public -expenditure. - -[Sidenote: 1749] - -On the conclusion of the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, in 1749, -the regiment was relieved from garrison duty at Gibraltar, and -proceeded to Ireland. - -General Lord Tyrawley was removed to the fourteenth dragoons, in -July, 1749; and in August King George II. conferred the colonelcy -of the TENTH foot on Colonel Edward Pole, from the lieut.-colonelcy -of the twelfth dragoons. - -[Sidenote: 1751] - -A royal warrant was issued on the 1st of July, 1751, in which the -King's or first colour of the regiment was directed to be the great -Union: the second colour to be of _bright yellow_ silk, with the -Union in the upper canton, and in the centre of the colour the rank -of the regiment, in gold Roman characters, within a wreath of roses -and thistles on the same stalk. - -The costume of the regiment at this period was,--Three-cornered -cocked hats bound with white lace; scarlet coats faced and turned -up with bright yellow, and ornamented with white lace; scarlet -waistcoats and breeches; white linen gaiters reaching above the -knee; white cravats; buff belts. - -[Sidenote: 1757] - -[Sidenote: 1759] - -[Sidenote: 1762] - -Colonel Pole was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1757, -and to that of lieut.-general in 1759. He commanded the regiment -thirteen years, and died in the winter of 1762; when King George -III. conferred the colonelcy on Major-General Edward Sandford, -from the twenty-sixth regiment, by commission dated the 4th of -January, 1763. - -[Sidenote: 1763] - -[Sidenote: 1767] - -[Sidenote: 1768] - -The regiment was stationed in Ireland during the whole of the seven -years' war, but when the disputes between Great Britain and her -North American colonies began to assume a serious aspect, the TENTH -was one of the first corps ordered to proceed across the Atlantic. -The regiment embarked from Ireland in the spring of 1767, and after -a short stay in Nova Scotia, it was ordered to Boston, where, in -1768, the conduct of the populace assumed so violent a character as -to render the presence of a military force necessary. - -[Sidenote: 1769] - -The policy pursued by the British government towards the North -American provinces alienated the affections of the people from the -mother-country, and the idea of these extensive colonies becoming -a great and independent empire, having gained possession of many -minds, the Americans became impatient of their condition. The -events of each succeeding year appeared to mature the revolutionary -designs of the colonists, and the determination to assert their -independence became prevalent. - -[Illustration: COLOURS OF THE TENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT.] - -[Sidenote: 1775] - -In the spring of 1775, General Gage, who commanded the British -troops at Boston, ascertained that the Americans were collecting -military stores at Concord, about eighteen miles from Boston, and -the flank companies of the TENTH, and of several other corps, -embarked in boats, at ten o'clock on the night of the 18th of -April, under Lieutenant-Colonel Francis Smith of the TENTH, for the -purpose of destroying the stores. Proceeding to the entrance of the -Cambridge-river, the troops landed at Phipps's farm, and advanced -upon Concord, while the Americans, by the ringing of bells and the -firing of guns, spread an alarm over the country. About four -o'clock on the morning of the 19th of April, the light company of -the TENTH, being in advance, approached the village of _Lexington_, -where a body of American militia was forming; they were called -upon to lay down their arms, but instead of obeying the order, -they attempted to take shelter behind a stone wall, and several of -them fired at the King's troops, wounding a soldier of the TENTH, -which was the first blood shed in this unhappy contest. The light -infantry responded to this act of hostility with an irregular -volley, which killed and wounded several Americans, and dispersed -the remainder: the commencement of the American war thus took place. - -After this rencounter, the flank companies continued their route -to _Concord_, and Captain Parsons of the TENTH was detached with -several companies to secure the bridge beyond the town, while the -remainder of the detachment searched for and destroyed the military -stores. The light companies of the fourth and TENTH regiments -were posted on some heights near the bridge; crowds of armed -men assembled on the high grounds near the town, and a party of -Americans fired upon the soldiers at the bridge, killing three men -and wounding several others, when the fire was returned, and the -detached companies joined the main body in the town. - -The military stores having been destroyed, the troops commenced -their march back to Boston, when the country was found swarming -with armed men, who commenced a sharp fire from behind walls, -fences, trees, &c., and skirmish succeeded skirmish until the -soldiers were exhausted, and had expended nearly all their -ammunition. Arriving at Lexington, they were met by a brigade -of infantry and two guns, under Colonel Earl Percy, who formed -his men into a square, with the exhausted flank companies in -the centre, and, after a short halt, continued the retreat to -Charlestown, from whence he crossed the river by the ferry to -Boston, having lost several men from the incessant fire which the -Americans kept up from behind walls, trees, and other coverts on -both sides of the road. - -The regiment had two men killed; Lieut.-Colonel Francis Smith, -Captain Lawrence Parsons, Lieutenant Waldron Kelly, Ensign Jeremiah -Lester, and thirteen rank and file wounded. - -Hostilities having thus commenced, the whole province of -Massachusetts-bay was speedily in arms, and an immense number -of men invested Boston, where the King's troops were stationed -on the land side. The Americans commenced constructing works on -_Bunkers-hill_, a high ground beyond the river, from which it was -determined to dislodge them, and the flank companies of the TENTH -formed part of the force selected for this service. - -Embarking from Boston in boats, about noon on the 17th of June, -the soldiers crossed the river, and landed on the opposite shore. -The ships of war opened their fire upon the enemy's works, and -the troops ascended the steep hill, which was covered with grass -reaching to the knees, and intersected with walls and fences of -various enclosures, and advanced to storm the works in the face -of a well-directed fire. The difficulty of the ascent, the heat -of the weather, and the enemy's superior numbers and incessant -fire, combined to render this enterprise particularly arduous; -twice the King's troops appeared to stagger; but recovering, they -rushed forward with renewed ardour, and drove the Americans out -of the works at the point of the bayonet; thus proving their -superior bravery and discipline, by gaining a complete victory over -an enemy three times as numerous as themselves and protected by -entrenchments. - -The flank companies of the TENTH were among the troops which -distinguished themselves, and every officer was wounded. Their loss -was two serjeants and five rank and file killed; Captains Parsons, -Fitzgerald, Lieutenants Pittigrew, Verner, Hamilton, Kelly, one -drummer, and thirty-nine rank and file wounded. - -The valour of the British soldiers in North America excited the -admiration of their sovereign and country; yet, the circumstances -in which they were placed rendered it impossible for their prowess -to be exercised with the prospect of ultimate success. The great -superiority of the numbers of the enemy more than counter-balanced -the advantages of superior skill and discipline, and the troops in -Boston remained in a state of blockade; live cattle, vegetables, -and even fuel, were sent for their use from England; many of -the vessels were, however, wrecked, and others captured by the -Americans, and great distress, sickness, and loss of life occurred. - -[Sidenote: 1776] - -No advantage being likely to result from the possession of Boston -under the circumstances in which the troops were placed, it was -evacuated in the middle of March, 1776, and the TENTH were moved to -Nova Scotia. They were stationed at Halifax until June, when they -sailed with the expedition to Staten Island, to take part in an -extensive plan of operations. - -The regiment landed on Staten Island in the early part of July; -reinforcements arrived from England, also a body of Hessians, -and the TENTH, thirty-seventh, thirty-eighth, and fifty-second -regiments, formed the third brigade of the army, under -Major-General Jones, in the division commanded by Lieut.-General -Earl Percy. - -On the 22nd of August, a descent was made on the south-west end of -_Long Island_, and on the night of the 26th, the TENTH advanced, -in support of the leading division, to seize on a pass in the -mountains. This pass was occupied without opposition; the troops -crossed the hills, and directed their march towards the enemy's -lines at _Brooklyn_. Arriving at Bedford, an attack was commenced -on the American battalions which were quitting the woody heights -to return to their lines, and the enthusiastic ardour of the royal -forces overcame all opposition. Encouraged by their success, and -inspired with lively anticipations of victory, the soldiers urged -their way towards the lines to storm the works; but they were -ordered to desist, to spare the unnecessary effusion of blood -which an attack by storm would have occasioned. The conduct of the -British troops on this occasion was highly commended in General Sir -William Howe's despatch. - -The Americans abandoned their lines, and retreated across the -East River to New York. The TENTH having thus had the honour of -taking part in the reduction of _Long Island_, crossed the river -to New York Island, and were engaged in the movements by which the -American army was driven from the city of _New York_. - -In the second week of October, the regiment again embarked in -boats, and proceeded up the river to the vicinity of West Chester, -where it went ashore; but afterwards re-embarked and sailed to -Pell's Point, where a sharp skirmish occurred. The regiment was -also engaged in the movements by which the passage of the Brunx -river was effected, and the American army forced to abandon its -fortified lines on _White Plains_. In the action on the 28th of -October, the TENTH lost two men. - -From White Plains the army withdrew to engage in the siege of -Forts Washington and Lee, which obstructed the navigation of the -North River. _Fort Washington_ was invested, and on the 16th of -November, the TENTH were engaged, under Lieut.-General Earl Percy, -in assaulting the right flank of the enemy's entrenchments; they -took part in carrying an advanced work, and afterwards passed the -lines, which were carried in a most gallant manner, and upwards of -two thousand provincials surrendered prisoners of war. The loss of -the regiment was limited to Captain Mackintosh and three rank and -file killed; five rank and file wounded. - -In the early part of December, the regiment was detached, with -other troops, under Lieut.-Generals Clinton and Earl Percy, against -_Rhode Island_, which was the principal station of the enemy's -naval force, and from whence the Americans sent out privateers -which interrupted the British commerce. The regiment sailed on this -enterprise in the early part of December; a landing was effected on -the morning of the 9th of that month, and the island was speedily -reduced to submission to the British government. - -[Sidenote: 1777] - -After passing several months on Rhode Island, the TENTH embarked -for New Jersey, and formed part of the army which took the field, -under General Sir William Howe, in the early part of June, 1777. - -General Washington kept the American army in the mountain -fastnesses, where he could not be attacked, except under great -disadvantages, and the English general resolved on an expedition -against Philadelphia. - -Embarking on board the fleet, the regiment sailed for -Chesapeak-bay, and from thence up the Elk River, to Elk Ferry, -where it landed about the end of August: the fifth, TENTH, -twenty-seventh, fortieth, and fifty-fifth regiments, formed the -second brigade under Major-General Grant. - -The American army took up a position at _Brandywine Creek_, to -oppose the advance of the British on Philadelphia, and on the 11th -of September the enemy's posts were attacked; the TENTH forming -part of the force selected to attack the American troops posted at -Chad's Ford. After a sharp cannonade, the troops rushed through the -stream with fixed bayonets, the fourth foot taking the lead, and, -overpowering all resistance, captured three brass field-pieces and -a howitzer. The Americans were routed at all points, and they made -a precipitate retreat. The TENTH had two rank and file killed, and -six wounded, on this occasion. - -The regiment passed the night on the field of battle, and marched -on the following day to Concord; on the 13th of September it -arrived at Ashtown, and on the 25th the troops pitched their tents -at Germantown, about six miles from Philadelphia, which city was -taken possession of by the grenadiers. - -On the 29th of September, the TENTH and forty-second regiments -were detached from the camp at Germantown, under the orders of -Lieut.-Colonel Stirling, of the forty-second, to attack a strong -redoubt erected by the Americans on the Jersey shore, at a place -called _Billing's-point_, to prevent the removal of a sunken -barrier across the river Delaware. The two regiments crossed the -river from Chester on the 1st of October, and on approaching the -redoubt, three hundred Americans in garrison fled; having first -set fire to their barracks and spiked their cannon. The TENTH and -forty-second pursued the Americans about two miles, but were unable -to overtake them. - -Billing's-point redoubt being thus captured, the obstructions to -the navigation of the Delaware at that point were removed, and the -TENTH and forty-second crossed the river to Chester, where they -were joined by the twenty-third, and the three regiments escorted a -large convoy of provisions to the camp at Germantown. - -The British general having sent off several detachments, the -Americans resolved to hazard another battle, and they attacked -the position at _Germantown_ at daybreak on the morning of the -4th of October; but were repulsed. The light company of the TENTH -signalized itself on this occasion and had several men killed and -wounded: the battalion companies of the regiment had their post on -the right of the village, but they were not engaged. - -In the middle of October, the army removed to the immediate -vicinity of Philadelphia, and two forts on the river were reduced. -In the early part of December, the British advanced towards the -enemy's fortified camp at _Whitemarsh_; the TENTH took part in -several movements and skirmishes, designed to bring on a general -engagement, but the Americans kept close behind their entrenchments -and abatis-de-bois, and the British returned to Philadelphia. - -[Sidenote: 1778] - -The TENTH regiment passed the winter in comfortable quarters in -the city of Philadelphia; but before the season for opening the -campaign of 1778 arrived, the King of France concluded a treaty -with, and agreed to aid, the Americans, which so completely changed -the nature of the war, that it was deemed necessary to concentrate -the army at New York. - -Philadelphia was evacuated in the middle of June, and the TENTH -took part in the difficult service of retreating through a wild and -woody country, intersected by rivulets, the bridges over which had -been destroyed. On the 28th of June, the regiment was in advance -under Lieut.-General Knyphausen, and as the last division of the -army descended from the heights above _Freehold_, in New Jersey, -the American troops appeared in the rear and on both flanks, and -some sharp fighting took place, which terminated in the repulse of -the enemy. The grenadier company of the TENTH had an opportunity -of distinguishing itself on this occasion; it had Major Gardiner -wounded, and several private soldiers killed and wounded. - -Having repulsed the enemy, the army continued its march, crossed -the channel to Sandy Hook, and embarked from thence for New York. - -The TENTH had lost many men, during the period they had been in -America, from fatigue, privation, disease, and other casualties, -besides those killed and disabled in action with the enemy, and -soon after the regiment arrived at New York, it was selected to -return to England. The men fit for service, who volunteered to -remain in the country, were transferred to other corps, and the -remainder embarked from New York towards the end of October; -they arrived in England in December, and immediately commenced -recruiting their numbers. - -[Sidenote: 1781] - -After the decease of Lieut.-General Sandford, King George III. -conferred the colonelcy of the regiment on Major-General Sir R. -Murray Keith, K.B., from the late eighty-seventh foot (which was -disbanded at the peace in 1763), by commission dated the 10th of -October, 1781. - -[Sidenote: 1783] - -[Sidenote: 1784] - -[Sidenote: 1785] - -The American War having ceased in 1783, reductions took place in -the military establishments, and the numbers of the Tenth Regiment -were consequently diminished; in the autumn of 1783 the regiment -embarked for Ireland, and it was stationed in that part of the -United Kingdom during the years 1784 and 1785. - -[Sidenote: 1786] - -On the 2nd of March, 1786, the regiment embarked from Ireland for -Jamaica, to relieve the first battalion of the sixtieth foot, which -was ordered to proceed to Nova Scotia. - -[Sidenote: 1793] - -[Sidenote: 1794] - -[Sidenote: 1795] - -The regiment was stationed at Jamaica when the French Revolution -occurred, which involved Europe in war and occasioned the West -India islands to become the theatre of anarchy and devastation; the -mulattoes and blacks imbibing the doctrine of equality, breaking -the ties of subordination, and committing every description of -crime. Active measures were adopted to rescue the French West India -islands from republican domination; but the TENTH had sustained -so serious a loss of men from disease during the nine years they -had been at Jamaica, that they were ordered home to recruit: they -arrived in England in August, 1795, and were stationed at Lincoln, -from whence recruiting parties were sent out. - -After the decease of Lieut.-General Sir R. Murray Keith, -Major-General the Honorable Henry Edward Fox, was appointed -colonel of the TENTH foot, from the 131st regiment, by commission -dated the 23rd of June, 1795. - -[Sidenote: 1796] - -The establishment was completed by drafts from other corps, and, -in three months from the date of its arrival from Jamaica, the -regiment was ordered to furnish seven companies to take part in -completing the deliverance of the French West India Islands from -the power of the republicans. The force designed for this service, -under Major-General Sir Ralph Abercromby, sailed from Spithead in -December, and the departure of the fleet, accompanied by a division -of the royal navy under Admiral Christian, presented a most -splendid spectacle; but this armament was overtaken by a storm, -the fleet was dispersed, many vessels were wrecked, and others -returned to Spithead. The ship containing the grenadier company of -the TENTH, and several other corps, withstood the storm; but it had -not been long at sea before the yellow fever broke out on board, -when it returned to England, and the soldiers went into hospital -at Plymouth, from whence the grenadiers of the TENTH marched to -Chatham, where the regiment was assembled in 1796. - -[Sidenote: 1797] - -From Chatham the regiment embarked on an expedition to the -Continent, but was ordered to land at Lymington, from whence it -proceeded to the Isle of Wight, and was stationed on that island -and at Portsmouth until the winter of 1798. - -[Sidenote: 1798] - -The TENTH, having been appointed to transfer their services from -Europe to the British possessions in Hindoostan, embarked from -Portsmouth during the winter, and arriving in the south of India, -landed at the celebrated city and fortress of Madras, the capital -of the British possessions in that quarter of the globe, on the -13th of April, 1799. - -[Sidenote: 1799] - -At Madras the regiment remained nearly four months, and on the -6th of August, it embarked for the rich and extensive province of -Bengal, where it arrived on the 26th of the same month. - -[Sidenote: 1800] - -For fifteen months the TENTH were stationed in the Presidency -of Bengal, in a country abounding in all that is essential to -the comfort and even the luxury of man, under the command of -Lieut.-Colonel Richard Quarrell, and in November, 1800, they were -sent down the river Ganges to be embarked for Egypt, which country -was overrun by an army of French veterans, vauntingly designated -the "Army of the East," and commanded by the celebrated General -Buonaparte. - -[Sidenote: 1801] - -To effect the expulsion of the French "Army of the East" from -Egypt, a British force sailed from Europe under General Sir Ralph -Abercromby, and about six thousand men from India and the Cape of -Good Hope, under Major-General Baird, were appointed to co-operate. -To engage in this service, the TENTH sailed from Kidgaree on the -5th of December, joined the expedition, under Major-General Baird, -at Bombay, and sailed from thence for the Red Sea. The original -design was to proceed to the port of Suez, at the head of the Red -Sea, on the borders of Arabia; but the monsoon had commenced before -the fleet entered the Red Sea in April, 1801, and Major-General -Baird resolved to land at Cosseir, and brave the difficulties of -the desert, in the hope of affording important aid to the troops -which had landed in Egypt from Europe. - -Eight companies of the TENTH arrived at Cosseir on the 15th of -June, and the remainder of the regiment, having been separated -by the monsoon gales, was some days later.[6] On landing, the -country presented a frightfully desolate prospect, but the soldiers -commenced their march through the desert with cheerful alacrity;[7] -although suffering from excessive heat and dysentery, occasioned by -bad water. - -The march was made during the night. A little way from Cosseir the -soldiers entered a ravine, which appeared to be the old bed of a -river, along which they travelled three days, when it terminated at -Moilah. From Moilah the desert had a hard gravelly soil, generally, -until the troops arrived at Baromba, where the first habitable -spot was met with after leaving Cosseir; not a single hut having -previously been seen. The troops suffered greatly from thirst and -oppressive heat, with an almost irresistible inclination to sleep; -some soldiers straggling from the line of march, that they might -lie down and sleep, lost their lives. The little town of Baromba -lay on the borders of the desert, and the Arabs offered milk, eggs, -and poultry for sale, in great abundance, and very cheap. - -On arriving at Kenna, the regiment was ordered to proceed to -Girgee, a large town of Upper Egypt, situate about a quarter of a -mile from the river Nile. The regimental baggage was sent to Suez, -but the "Cavera" transport foundered at sea, and all the baggage, -books, &c. of the TENTH were lost. - -In the meantime, the British army from Europe had triumphed -over the French before Alexandria, where General Sir Ralph -Abercromby was mortally wounded; the French troops at Cairo -had also surrendered, and the siege of _Alexandria_ was the -next undertaking. The TENTH embarked from Girgee in dgerms, -and proceeded down the Nile to the Island of Rhoda, where they -encamped. On the 2nd of August they again embarked, and proceeded -to Rosetta, a town celebrated for the beauty of its environs; -beyond the Nile lay the richest parts of the Delta, the garden of -Egypt. From Rosetta the regiment proceeded to El-Hamed, and joined -the forces encamped at that place. - -Alexandria surrendered in the beginning of September, and Egypt was -thus delivered; the French "_Army of the East_" being forced to -evacuate a country from whence Buonaparte had vainly imagined he -should extend his conquests throughout Asia. - -Lieut.-General (afterwards Lord) Hutchinson stated in his -despatch:--"This arduous and important service has at length been -brought to a conclusion. The exertions of individuals have been -splendid and meritorious. The conduct of the troops of every -description has been exemplary in the highest degree; there has -been much to applaud, and nothing to reprehend; their ardour and -regularity in camp having been as conspicuous as their courage in -the field." - -In this service, although the TENTH had not been brought into -contact with the enemy, their conduct had been exemplary, and -they had sustained a loss of thirty men from the climate, and -other casualties incident to the service in which they were -employed. They received, in common with the other regiments, the -expression of the high approbation of their Sovereign, the thanks -of Parliament, and the royal authority to bear on their colours -the "SPHYNX," with the word "EGYPT," to commemorate this splendid -event. The officers were also rewarded with gold medals, presented -to them by the Grand Seignior, in commemoration of the important -service rendered to the Ottoman empire. - -The TENTH were selected to remain a short period in Egypt; they -marched from El-Hamed on the 4th of December, arrived at Alexandria -on the 5th, and encamped under the walls until the 18th, when they -were removed into Fort Triangular. - -[Sidenote: 1802] - -In the city of Alexandria, formerly celebrated as the seat of -learning and commerce, the regiment was stationed for several -months. On the 29th of April, 1802, an explosion took place in the -fort which the TENTH occupied, by which they had four men killed -and ten wounded; also two Indian followers killed and ten wounded. - -The regiment was afterwards encamped near Alexandria; it was struck -off the Indian establishment, and commenced receiving pay on the -British on the 1st of May. - -[Sidenote: 1803] - -While the TENTH were encamped near Alexandria, the plague broke -out among the natives. The army suddenly embarked on the 5th of -March, 1803, leaving its camp equipage standing, and on the 7th the -regiment sailed out of the Western Harbour. - -Arriving at Malta on the 27th of April, the regiment performed a -quarantine of forty-two days, and afterwards sailed to Gibraltar, -where it arrived on the 20th of June. - -[Sidenote: 1804] - -A treaty of peace was concluded with the French republic while -the TENTH were in Egypt; but hostilities had recommenced before -the regiment arrived at Gibraltar, and in 1804 a second battalion -was added to the establishment. The head-quarters of the second -battalion were fixed at Maldon in Essex; it was formed of men -raised in Essex, for limited service, under the Additional Force -Act, passed 20th July, 1804, and was placed upon the establishment -from the 25th of December, 1804. - -[Sidenote: 1805] - -[Sidenote: 1806] - -The first battalion was stationed at Gibraltar during the years -1804, 1805, and 1806. - -In the meantime numerous changes occurred among the states of -Europe, and the great success which at this period attended the -French arms, enabled Napoleon Buonaparte, who, in 1804, had been -invested with the title of Emperor of the French, King of Italy, -&c., to assume the position of a dictator: his conduct towards the -royal family of Naples occasioned the history of that court to -become connected with the services of the TENTH regiment of foot. - -When war recommenced between Great Britain and France in 1803, -Buonaparte occupied a portion of the Neapolitan territory with -his troops. In 1805 a treaty of neutrality was concluded between -the French Emperor and the King of Naples, by which the former -engaged to withdraw his troops from the Neapolitan territory, -and the latter was bound not to admit the fleets or armies of any -of the states at war with France into his ports or territory. The -conditions of this treaty were, however, violated by Ferdinand IV., -who admitted an English and Russian armament into the Bay of Naples -in November, 1805, and a body of British and Russian troops was -landed at that city. - -The conduct of the King of Naples excited the indignation of the -French Emperor, who concluded that this little kingdom was united -with his enemies, and on the morning after the signatures were -affixed to the treaty of Presburg, Napoleon issued a proclamation -declaring that "the Neapolitan dynasty had ceased to reign," and -denouncing vengeance against the family he had thus resolved -to dethrone, in terms which left no hope of accommodation. The -Russians withdrew from Naples, leaving the court to its fate. The -British, under General Sir James Craig, were too few in number to -defend the Neapolitan state, but they took possession of the island -of Sicily, which they preserved in the interest of King Ferdinand -IV. - -The armies of France, under Joseph Buonaparte, invaded the kingdom -of Naples in the early part of 1806; the King and Queen fled -to Sicily, which the British preserved as an asylum for their -Majesties; they were accompanied and followed by part of the -Neapolitan army, also by a number of persons connected with the -court, and they took up their residence at the city of Palermo, -situate in a bay on the northern coast of the island, where they -received pecuniary aid from England. - -When their country was invaded, the Neapolitans exhibited neither -public spirit nor the love of freedom, but abandoned their -sovereign to his fate, and submitted to the invaders. Persons of -all ranks attached themselves to the French interest, and Napoleon -issued a decree conferring the crown of Naples on his brother -Joseph and his legitimate heirs male, without prejudice to the -eventual claim of the throne of France, but with the proviso that -the crown of France and that of Naples should never be united -on the same head. The city of Naples was illuminated, and the -nobles were eager to manifest their attachment to their new king. -Insurrections occurred in several places, but the French arms were -successful, and the provinces became tranquil under the Buonaparte -dynasty. - -It was important to England that Sicily should not fall under the -dominion of France, and when the enemy made preparations for the -invasion of the island, they were met in Calabria; the battle of -Maida, on the 4th of July, 1806, proved the superiority of the -British troops, and the provinces of Upper and Lower Calabria were -restored to their legal sovereign. - -[Sidenote: 1807] - -The services of the TENTH regiment of foot became connected with -the interests of the exiled royal family of Naples in the autumn -of 1807, when the regiment embarked from Gibraltar, and arrived on -the 28th of September at Messina, a city on the north-east side of -the island of Sicily. The TENTH did not land at Messina, but were -ordered round to Augusta, where they disembarked on the 2nd of -October, and occupied quarters in the citadel. - -[Sidenote: 1808] - -On the 5th of April, 1808, Major J. Otto Beyer, five lieutenants, -one ensign, six serjeants, and three hundred and sixty-two rank and -file joined from England. - -About this period the two flank companies were ordered to be -completed to one hundred rank and file each, and to join the flank -battalion formed on the island. - -In June four companies were sent to reinforce the garrison of -Syracuse, a fortified town situated on the south-east of the -island, and celebrated in ancient times for its great population. -These companies returned in August; but were again detached on the -same services in October. - -[Sidenote: 1809] - -On the 20th of March, 1809, the head-quarters marched from Augusta, -and the detachment from Syracuse, for Catania. At this celebrated -city, which is beautifully situated in the Val di Demona, on the -east coast of the island, and on the borders of Val di Nota, the -regiment remained ten days, and afterwards marched to the port -of Melazzo, and joined the army encamped on the plains of that -town. Meanwhile Joseph Buonaparte had been removed to the throne -of Spain, and the French Emperor had placed Marshal Murat, his -brother-in-law, on the throne of Naples. - -In the beginning of June, General Sir John Stuart, Count of Maida, -commanding the British troops in Sicily, embarked fifteen thousand -men for the south of Italy, and for the capture of Naples, as a -diversion in favour of the Austrians, who were once more at war -with France. The TENTH regiment embarked on this enterprise, -leaving two companies in garrison at Melazzo. - -The first attack made by the main body of the expedition was -on Ischia, a small island in the gulf of Naples, situate about -six miles from the coast. The batteries for the defence of the -shores of the island being turned by the British troops, were -successively deserted by the enemy, and after a short resistance, -the garrison of Ischia surrendered. The garrison of Procida, -another island on the same coast, was also forced to surrender; and -forty gun-boats were captured. - -An attack was likewise made on the castle of _Scylla_, situate -in a promontory in the straits of Messina, which separate Sicily -from the Neapolitan territory. The TENTH regiment was selected -to take part in this enterprise: having landed on the coast, it -crossed the heights of Jovanni on the 14th of June, and proceeding -through the mountains to the heights of Mela, immediately above -the castle, bivouacked on the high grounds; at the same time -the works were commenced for the attack. On the 29th of June -a strong reinforcement of the enemy appeared, and the British -troops were concentrated; but the French had so great an excess -of numbers, that it was deemed necessary to withdraw. The stores -were destroyed, the retreat effected, and the TENTH regiment was -conveyed across the straits to the Messina side; having only -sustained a loss of two men. - -The diversion so far succeeded as to prevent Murat taking part in -the war with Austria, and the troops returned to Sicily: the TENTH -were stationed in the citadel of Messina until the 8th of July, -when they were encamped along the coast near the Faro. - -[Sidenote: 1810] - -During the summer of this year an expedition sailed from England -against the coast of Holland, and Flushing, on the island of -_Walcheren_, was captured. The second battalion of the TENTH -embarked from Portsmouth on the 9th of November, and landed on the -island of Walcheren on the 22nd of that month; but the climate -proved very injurious to the health of the British soldiers, -and the island was evacuated. The second battalion of the TENTH -embarked from Flushing on the 10th of December, and on arriving in -England it was ordered to Jersey, where it landed on the 17th of -January, 1810. - -From Jersey the second battalion embarked on the 10th of April, -1810, for Gibraltar, and arrived at that important fortress in -eighteen days. The battalion remained at Gibraltar three months, -then embarked for the island of Malta, and landed there on the 12th -of August. - -The first battalion remained on the coast of Sicily until November, -when it marched into the citadel of Messina. - -[Sidenote: 1811] - -After the decease of General the Honorable Henry Edward Fox, who -held the command of the regiment sixteen years, the colonelcy was -conferred on Major-General the Honorable Thomas Maitland, from the -fourth West India regiment, by commission dated the 19th of July, -1811. - -On the 22nd of August the second battalion embarked from Malta for -the island of Sicily, and landed at Messina on the 27th of that -month. - -[Sidenote: 1812] - -In the meantime, the efforts made by Great Britain to enable the -Spaniards and Portuguese to deliver themselves from the power of -Napoleon, began to assume a favourable prospect, and sanguine -hopes of final success were anticipated. To aid the cause of -Spanish independence, a small army was sent from Sicily to the -eastern coast of Spain, and the first battalion of the TENTH was -destined to take part in this service. The battalion left Messina -in January, 1812, embarked at Melazzo, for Palermo, and was in -quarters in that part of Sicily until June, when it joined the -expedition which sailed for Spain. - -Approaching the coast of Spain towards the end of July, the -armament appeared off Palamos, in Catalonia, but the town was too -strong to be attached by so small a force, and the fleet sailed -for Alicant, in Murcia, where it arrived at a critical moment, the -Spanish troops in that quarter having been defeated by the French. -The Anglo-Sicilian troops landed and advanced a few stages to Elda, -but afterwards withdrew; the TENTH marching to Palermo, where they -passed the winter, the soldiers being much disappointed at the -state of inactivity in which they were detained. - -In November, the grenadier company of the second battalion embarked -from Sicily, and joined the army on the eastern coast of Spain. - -[Sidenote: 1813] - -On the 16th of February, 1813, the second battalion embarked from -Sicily, against the island of _Ponzo_, on the coast of Naples, -which capitulated on the 26th of that month, when the battalion -returned to Sicily. - -In the spring of this year, the distresses of the Spanish troops -near Alicant, which could only be relieved by enlarging their -cantonments, induced the British commander, Lieut.-General Sir John -Murray, to make a forward movement. The TENTH formed part of the -fourth column, which advanced by Xixona upon Alcoy; some fighting -occurred, and the cantonments were enlarged. On the 18th of March, -the regiment crossed the mountains to Ibithe, and on the 20th went -into cantonments at Castalla. - -The French army under Marshal Suchet advanced in the early -part of April, and attacked the outposts on the 12th, when -Lieutenant Thompson of the TENTH regiment, deputy-assistant -quartermaster-general, was killed by a cannon-shot. The -Anglo-Sicilian army took up a position three miles from the pass -of Biar; the TENTH having left their cantonments at Castalla, took -post in the line. - -On the 13th of April, the enemy cleared the pass of Biar, and the -battle of _Castalla_ was fought, when the French were repulsed and -driven back through the pass: the TENTH did not sustain any loss on -this occasion; on the day after the battle they marched to Alcoy, -and, on the 19th of April, to Castalla. - -About this period, the grenadier companies of the first and second -battalions returned to Sicily. - -The siege of _Tarragona_, a seaport of Catalonia, situate on a -hill near the mouth of the river Francoli, having been resolved -upon, the TENTH left Castalla on the 29th of May, embarked at -Alicant on the 31st, and landed on the 3rd of June in the vicinity -of Tarragona. Marshal Suchet advancing with an army of superior -numbers, the siege was raised, and the troops were re-embarked, on -the 8th of June, on which day the regiment had a man killed by a -cannon-ball. On the following day the regiment landed at Balaguer, -and remained a short time in Catalonia; it afterwards sailed for -Alicant. During the voyage a violent tempest drove fourteen sail of -transports on the sands off the mouth of the Ebro, and the "Alfred" -transport, having two companies of the TENTH on board, was wrecked. -After landing at Alicant, the regiment went into cantonments at -Palermo. - -Lieutenant-General Lord William Bentinck assumed the command of the -army in the east of Spain, in succession to Lieutenant-General Sir -John Murray, on the 18th June, 1813. The following General Order -was issued by His Lordship, dated _Alicant, 25th June, 1813_:-- - -"The Commander of the Forces sees with the utmost gratification the -military spirit, and the determination to conquer, which pervades -the whole army. We are engaged in a glorious cause,--the cause of -universal liberty! It is the cause of us all; of those who are -free, and those who are not. To-day the contest is fought in Spain -and Germany, to-morrow it will be in Italy. Brave Italians, once -so great, once masters of the world, but now, though brave and -enlightened as ever, the unwilling slaves of a French tyrant, it -is for the interest of the whole, that the efforts should be made -where the enemy is the weakest. Success in Spain is success in -Germany, in England, and in Italy! We form a great brotherhood; -we must emulate each other in affection, union, and courage, and -Providence, in whose hands is victory, will bless our cause!" - -Lieutenant-General Lord William Bentinck continued in command of -this division of the army until the 23rd September, 1813, when his -Lordship issued the following General Order, dated _Tarragona, 23rd -September, 1813_:-- - -"The Commander of the Forces deeply laments that he is compelled -to leave the army. It is a pleasing part of his duty to express -his perfect satisfaction with the subordination and perseverance -displayed by the troops upon all occasions. - -"He only regrets that the part assigned to this army in the plan -of the campaign has not permitted the troops to partake in those -brilliant triumphs, which would have been the just recompense of -their valour and discipline." - -Lieutenant-General William Clinton succeeded Lord William Bentinck -in the command of this division of the army on the 23rd September, -1813. - -The battle of Vittoria, on the 21st June, gained by the army under -the Marquis of Wellington, changed the aspect of affairs in Spain, -and the French troops in Murcia made some retrograde movements. -The Anglo-Sicilian army advanced; the TENTH left their cantonments -on the 5th of July, and, advancing into Catalonia, they once more -appeared before the fortress of _Tarragona_, which was again -invested. While before Tarragona, Assistant-Surgeon Rolston lost -a leg, and a private soldier lost both feet from cannon-shot. -The opposing armies in Catalonia made several movements, and the -regiment withdrew from before Tarragona and proceeded to Balaguer. - -On the 22nd of August, five hundred men of the TENTH were sent -into the interior to cut wood for the use of the army; during -their absence a fire was accidentally kindled to the windward of -the bivouac ground, and communicating rapidly to the dry grass -and shrubs, the ground occupied by the TENTH regiment was soon -enveloped in flame. The exertions of the few men of the regiment -left in the lines were impeded by the explosions of the cartridges, -and few of the arms and appointments of the corps were saved: -four hundred stand of arms, and about the same number of sets of -accoutrements, knapsacks, and suits of clothing were destroyed. By -this accident the regiment was rendered unfit for the field; it -embarked for Salo, and on arriving there, all the tailors and other -mechanics were employed to refit it. Arms were also procured, and -it was so speedily re-equipped, that it returned to the seat of war -in the beginning of September: having landed at Villa Nova on the -5th of that month, it went into cantonments at Villa Franca. - -On the evening of the 12th of September, the advanced corps of the -Anglo-Sicilian army posted at _Ordal_ were attached and overpowered -by the superior numbers of the enemy. The TENTH were suddenly -ordered out at two o'clock on the following morning, and they -formed across the road, covering the retreat of the broken remains -of the corps in advance. At daybreak the French cavalry appeared, -advancing rapidly and in great force, when the regiment commenced -retiring, and skirmishing with the enemy during the retrograde -movement; the army falling back towards Tarragona. In the evening -the regiment took post on a height near Vendrills, where it halted -several hours, and afterwards continued its retreat to the vicinity -of Tarragona. - -On the 24th of September, the regiment marched into quarters at -Valls, and in October it was removed to Vendrills. - -The brilliant success of the allied army under the Marquis of -Wellington, and the disasters of Napoleon in Germany, had a great -effect upon the war in Catalonia, and the troops under Marshal -Suchet withdrew from several posts. The TENTH marched, in February, -1814, to the vicinity of _Barcelona_, and formed part of the force -employed in the blockade of that fortress. - -[Sidenote: 1814] - -Hostilities were terminated in April by a treaty of peace; -Buonaparte was removed from the throne of France, and the Bourbon -family restored.[8] The TENTH withdrew from before Barcelona, -marched to Tarragona, and embarked at that port on the 25th of -April; on the 19th of May they landed at the beautiful city of -Palermo, situate in a bay on the northern coast of Sicily, where -they went into barracks. - -In March, 1814, the second battalion embarked from Sicily, and -landed on the island of Malta on the 24th of that month. - -[Sidenote: 1815] - -The return of Napoleon Buonaparte to France from Elba, and the -declaration of war against the usurper by the allied sovereigns, -in the spring of 1815, occasioned the TENTH to be removed from -Sicily. They proceeded, in the first instance, by sea, from Palermo -to Melazzo, and were stationed in the castle; at the same time the -grenadier and light companies joined the flank battalion formed -at Melazzo. The battalion companies afterwards sailed for Naples, -where they landed on the 25th of May; three days after landing they -went on board of two Neapolitan line of battle ships, "Geochinria" -and "Carpi," and proceeded to Malta, where they landed on the 9th -of June, and occupied Fort St. Elmo barracks. - -The battle of Waterloo was succeeded by the flight of Buonaparte -from France, and his surrender to the captain of a British -man-of-war. Three hundred men of the TENTH, commanded by -Lieut.-Colonel J. O. Beyer were detached to Fort Emanoel, in charge -of the Duke of Rovigo, Lieut.-General L'Allemand, and six other -French officers who had belonged to the suite of Buonaparte: these -officers had been sent to Malta as state prisoners. - -[Sidenote: 1816] - -Peace being restored, the army was reduced; the two battalions of -the TENTH regiment, at Malta, were incorporated, and the invalids -and limited-service men were sent to England; this took place in -January, 1816. - -The good conduct of the regiment during the period it was employed -on the eastern coast of Spain, in 1812, 1813, and 1814, was -rewarded with the royal authority to bear the word "PENINSULA" on -its colours. - -[Sidenote: 1817] - -In August, 1816, the regiment commenced embarking by detachments -from Malta, for Corfu, where it was stationed until the end of -August, 1817, when the head-quarters and five companies, under -Colonel Travers, embarked for the islands of Cephalonia and Zante. - -[Sidenote: 1818] - -On the 21st of March, 1818, five companies embarked from Corfu, -under the orders of Major Trickey, for Malta, and occupied the -barracks in the Cottonera district. - -[Sidenote: 1819] - -In March, 1819, the head-quarters embarked from Cephalonia, and the -detachment from Zante, for Malta, where the regiment was assembled, -and occupied the lower St. Elmo barracks at Valetta, under the -command of Lieut.-Colonel Mathew Stewart, who was appointed from -half-pay in succession to Colonel Travers, nominated an Inspecting -Field-officer of Militia in the Ionian Islands. - -[Sidenote: 1820] - -During the year 1820, the regiment occupied the barracks in the -Cottonera district, with detachments at Floriana, forts Manvel and -Tigni, and the island of Giza. - -[Sidenote: 1821] - -From Malta, the regiment embarked, in April, 1821, for England, -and landing at Portsmouth in June, was stationed at that fortress -three months; it afterwards sailed to Plymouth, and occupied the -citadel and Stonehouse barracks. - -[Sidenote: 1822] - -In April, 1822, the regiment embarked from Plymouth for Deptford, -and after several changes of quarters it was stationed at Chatham -and Sheerness. - -[Sidenote: 1823] - -On the 28th of May, 1823, the regiment embarked at Chatham, for -Ireland; after landing at Cork, it proceeded to Fermoy, and in -October it was removed to Rathkeale, with detachments at twelve -other stations. - -[Sidenote: 1824] - -On the decease of Lieut.-General the Honorable Sir Thomas Maitland, -G.C.B. and G.C.H., King George IV. conferred the colonelcy of the -TENTH on Major-General Sir John Lambert, K.C.B. by commission dated -the 18th of January, 1824. On the 8th January, 1824, Colonel Sir -Robert Travers, was reappointed, in succession to Lieut.-Colonel -Stewart, who retired from the service. - -[Sidenote: 1825] - -In April, the regiment was removed to Fermoy, and Lieut.-Colonel -James Payler was appointed on the 2nd June, 1825, from the -half-pay, unattached, in succession to Sir Robert Travers, promoted -to the rank of Major-General. Lieut.-Colonel Payler assumed the -command in June, 1825, and in September following the head-quarters -were removed to Templemore. - -[Sidenote: 1826] - -From Templemore, the regiment was removed, in February, 1826, -to Castlebar, where a pair of new colours, bearing a "SPHINX," -with the words "EGYPT," and "PENINSULA," was presented to it by -Lieut.-Colonel Payler, the commanding officer, on the 19th of May. - -After several changes of quarters, in the autumn of this year the -regiment was formed into six service and four depôt companies, at -Buttevant, from whence the service companies marched to Cork, -where they embarked, in December, for Portugal, the government -of which country had solicited British aid, in consequence of -an apprehended insurrection, and an invasion from Spain, which -threatened to oppose the introduction of a constitution conferring -more liberty on the Portuguese people than they had previously -possessed. - -[Sidenote: 1827] - -The service companies, under Lieut.-Colonel Payler, landed at -Lisbon, in January, 1827; they formed part of the first brigade -under Major-General Sir Edward Blakeney, and advanced up the -country to Coimbra. The apprehension of invasion and insurrection -ceasing to exist, the regiment left Coimbra, and occupied the -palace and convent at Mafra, during the winter. - -[Sidenote: 1828] - -In March, 1828, the service companies embarked from Lisbon, for -Corfu, where they landed on the 31st of that month, and were -stationed at Port Raymond barracks. In December a detachment joined -from the depôt in Ireland. - -[Sidenote: 1829] - -During the summer of 1829, the regiment was removed from Corfu to -Zante, with detachments at the islands of Cerigo and Paxo. - -[Sidenote: 1830] - -[Sidenote: 1831] - -[Sidenote: 1832] - -The head-quarters remained at Zante during the years 1830 and 1831; -in May, 1832, they were removed to Corfu, and in July to Vido; but -returned to Corfu in December. - -[Sidenote: 1833] - -Lieut.-Colonel John Henry Belli was appointed on the 17th May, -1833, in exchange with Lieut.-Colonel Payler; and Lieut.-Colonel -William Gardner Freer was promoted by purchase on 24th May, in -succession to Lieut.-Colonel Belli, who retired. - -[Sidenote: 1836] - -Lieut.-Colonel W. G. Freer died at Corfu on the 2nd August, 1836, -where he was in command of the regiment: he was succeeded by -Brevet Lieut.-Colonel William Cochrane.[9] - -[Sidenote: 1837] - -Lieut.-Colonel W. Cochrane was appointed Assistant Adjutant-General -at head-quarters on the 16th June, 1837, and was succeeded by -Lieut.-Colonel Holman Custance from the half-pay. - -[Sidenote: 1838] - -The head-quarters continued to be stationed at Corfu and Vido -alternately, until November, 1837, when the service companies -of the TENTH were relieved from duty in the Ionian Islands, and -embarked for Ireland, where they arrived in December, 1837, and -January, 1838, and landed at Cork. - -[Sidenote: 1839] - -The regiment was stationed in Ireland until May, 1839, when it -embarked at Dublin for England; it landed at Liverpool, and was -afterwards quartered in Lancashire. - -[Sidenote: 1840] - -During the year 1840 the regiment was stationed at Burnley and -Manchester. - -[Sidenote: 1841] - -The regiment proceeded to Newcastle-on-Tyne on the 25th June, 1841, -and marched from thence to Scotland; it arrived at Edinburgh on -the 21st, 24th, and 27th July, and proceeded to Glasgow on the 9th -August following. - -[Sidenote: 1842] - -On the 29th March, 1842, Colonel James Considine was appointed from -the half-pay unattached, in succession to Colonel Custance, who -was nominated to the command of the Depôt Battalion in the Isle of -Wight. - -In March, 1842, the regiment left Glasgow, and proceeded in -divisions to Winchester. On the 1st April, it was augmented to the -India establishment, preparatory to its embarkation for Bengal. It -proceeded to Gravesend, and embarked in freight ships for Calcutta -in April and May, 1842, under the command of Colonel Considine, -K.H. The regiment disembarked at Calcutta in August and September -of that year. - -Lieut.-Colonel Gervas Power was promoted on the 8th April, 1842, -on the augmentation of the regiment: he died at Calcutta on the -30th December following; and was succeeded by Lieut.-Colonel John -Luard, who was promoted from the twenty-first Royal North British -Fusiliers on the 31st December. - -[Sidenote: 1843] - -[Sidenote: 1844] - -The regiment remained at Fort William, Calcutta, until the 15th -November, 1844, when it marched for Meerut under the command of -Major Franks. - -[Sidenote: 1845] - -The head-quarters arrived at Meerut on the 22nd February, 1845. - -Lieut.-Colonel Luard exchanged to the half-pay on the 28th -March, with Colonel Sir George Couper, Bart., who retired from -the service, and Lieut.-Colonel Thomas H. Franks was promoted by -purchase, on the 28th March, 1845. Colonel James Considine died at -Meerut on the 4th September, from an attack of cholera, and was -succeeded by Lieut.-Colonel C. L. Strickland on the 5th September. - -[Sidenote: 1846] - -The regiment marched from Meerut, under the command of -Lieut.-Colonel Franks, on the 16th December, 1845, and joined the -_Army of the Sutlej_ on the 8th January, 1846, both officers and -men animated with the laudable desire to share the dangers, and to -reap some of the laurels already acquired by the army in this brief -but exciting campaign. - -A month, however, passed without the main army being employed -in any occurrence of note, the Governor-General and -Commander-in-Chief taking advantage of the interval to collect the -munitions of war; while on the other hand, the Sikhs, having been -strengthened by reinforcements, continued to hold strong positions -on the banks of the Sutlej; and notwithstanding their defeat in -the battles of Moodkee and Ferozeshah on the 18th, 21st, and 22nd -December, 1845, they subsequently formed a strongly entrenched camp -at _Sobraon_. Although the intelligence of the victory of Aliwal -on the 28th January, 1846, and the sight of the numerous bodies -which floated from the vicinity of that battle-field to the bridge -of boats at Sobraon, apparently disheartened the enemy, and caused -many of them to return to their homes, yet in a few days they -appeared as confident as ever of being able in their entrenched -position to defy the Anglo-Indian army, and to prevent the passage -of the Sutlej. - -The heavy ordnance having arrived on the 8th February, the day -on which the forces under Major-General Sir Henry Smith, who had -been detached to Loodiana, and had obtained a signal victory over -the enemy at Aliwal, rejoined the main body of the army, it was -determined on coming at once to a battle with the Sikhs, to storm -their entrenchments, and finally to drive them out of Hindoostan. -This was an undertaking of some magnitude. From observations made -during the time the head-quarters of the army were stationed at -the village of Nihalkee, it was ascertained that the position at -Sobraon was covered with formidable entrenchments, and defended by -thirty thousand of the _élite_ of the Khalsa troops; besides being -united by a good bridge to a reserve on the opposite bank of the -river, on which was stationed a considerable camp, with artillery, -which commanded and flanked the enemy's field-works on the British -side of the Sutlej. - -About daybreak on the 10th February, the mortars, battering guns, -and field-artillery were disposed on the alluvial land, embracing -within its fire the enemy's works. As soon as the sun's rays -cleared the heavy mist which hung over the plain, the cannonade -commenced, but notwithstanding the admirable manner in which the -guns were served, it would have been visionary to expect that -they could, within any limited time, silence the fire of seventy -pieces of artillery behind well-constructed batteries, or dislodge -troops so strongly entrenched. It soon became evident to the -Commander-in-Chief, General Sir Hugh Gough, that musketry and the -bayonet must ultimately decide the contest. - -Accordingly the seventh brigade, in which was the TENTH foot, -reinforced by the fifty-third regiment, and led by Brigadier -Stacy, was ordered to head the attack, to turn the enemy's -right, to encounter his fire before his numbers were thinned, or -spirit broken, and (to use the soldier-like expression of the -Commander-in-Chief General Sir Hugh Gough) "_to take off the -rough edge of the Sikhs in the fight_." An opportunity was now -afforded for the TENTH to distinguish itself, and the regiment -nobly availed itself of this opportunity. At nine o'clock the -brigade moved on to the attack over the sandy flat in admirable -order, halting to correct, when necessary, any imperfections in -its line. For some moments, notwithstanding the regularity and -coolness of the assault, so hot was the fire of the Khalsa troops, -that it seemed almost impracticable to gain the entrenchments. A -brief halt ensued, the brigade again advanced, and persevering -gallantry triumphed. The TENTH foot, under Lieutenant-Colonel -Franks, now for the first time brought into serious contact with -the enemy, greatly distinguished itself. With cool and steady -courage, the regiment marched on with the precision of a field-day, -and _never fired a shot until within the works of the enemy_[10]--a -forbearance much to be commended, and worthy of constant imitation, -to which the success of the first effort, and the small loss -sustained by the regiment, may be attributed.[11] - -Other brigades, at the moment of this successful onset, were -ordered forward in support. The thunder of upwards of one hundred -pieces of ordnance reverberated through the valley of the Sutlej, -and it was soon perceived, that the weight of the whole force -within the enemy's camp was likely to be thrown upon the two -brigades (sixth and seventh) that had passed the trenches.[12] The -Sikhs fought with the energy of desperation, and, even when some -of their entrenchments were mastered with the bayonet, endeavoured -to recover with the sword the positions they had lost. It was not -until the weight of all three divisions of infantry, in addition -to several regiments of cavalry, with the fire of every piece of -field-artillery that could be sent to their aid, had been felt, -that the enemy gave way. The Sikh regiments retreated at first in -tolerable order, but the incessant volleys of the British soon -caused them to take to a rapid and discomfited flight. Masses of -them precipitated themselves on to their bridge, which being broken -by the fire of the British, was incapable to sustain the multitude -pressing forward, and the sudden rise of the Sutlej rendered the -ford almost impassable, adding another obstacle to the escape of -the enemy. A dreadful carnage ensued. The stream was red with the -bodies of men and horses, the bridge in many places had given way, -and it is considered, that, at least a third of the Sikh army -perished in this battle; sixty-seven of their guns fell into the -hands of the victors, together with two hundred small camel-swivels -(zumboo-rucks), numerous standards, and vast munitions of war. - -In this manner ended the _Battle of_ SOBRAON; at six in the morning -it commenced; at nine it became a hand-to-hand conflict; and by -eleven the victory was gained. - -The TENTH regiment had Lieutenant Walter Yonge Beale, one serjeant, -and twenty-eight rank and file killed. Lieutenants Henry R. Evans -and Charles J. Lindam, two serjeants, and ninety-eight rank and -file wounded. - -Her Majesty has been graciously pleased to authorise the TENTH -regiment to bear on its colours and appointments the word -_Sobraon_, in commemoration of its gallantry in that battle; and -Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Harte Franks was nominated a Companion of -the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath. - -The regiment left Nihalkee on the 11th February, crossed the Sutlej -on the 13th, and on the 20th of the same month arrived before -_Lahore_, where it was present at the occupation of that city, and -at the signing of the treaty, which, while it convinced the world -of the moderation and justice of the paramount power of India, -is calculated to add to the stability of the Anglo-Indian empire, -and also to provide for the future tranquillity of the Punjaub, by -maintaining a Sikh government at Lahore, capable of controlling its -army, protecting its subjects, and securing the British frontier -against similar acts of aggression. - -On the 23rd of March, 1846, the regiment marched from Lahore, -recrossed the Sutlej on the 26th of that month, and arrived at -Meerut on the 15th of April following. It marched again from -Meerut, _en route_ to Ferozepore, on the 27th of October, 1846, and -arrived in cantonments on the 20th of November, where it remained -encamped until the 28th of December, when it again proceeded to -Lahore, under the charge of Lieutenant-Colonel Strickland, with -a body of troops under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Franks, -and occupied quarters in the garrison of that city on the 2nd of -January, 1847. - -[Sidenote: 1847] - -The TENTH regiment continued in the occupation of Lahore, as a part -of the garrison of that city, to the end of the year 1847, at which -period this record is concluded. - - - NOTES TO PAGES 45 AND 59. - - _Page 45._--In 1783, the regular regiments of infantry were - authorised to assume "_County Titles_," in order to promote the - recruiting service, and the Tenth was directed to bear the title - of _North Lincolnshire_ Regiment in addition to the numerical - title. - - _Page 59._--Lieutenant-General Lord William Bentinck returned - to Sicily in October, 1813, and in February, 1814, he proceeded - with a body of English and Sicilian troops, amounting to 6,500 - men, from that island to Leghorn, from whence he published a - Proclamation, inviting the Italians to shake off the French yoke: - he subsequently landed his combined troops, and after a few - slight actions made himself master of Genoa, on the 18th April, - 1814. On the termination of the War in 1814 His Lordship retired - for some time to Rome. - - -[Illustration: - - _Madeley lith. 3 Wellington S^t. Strand._ - - TENTH FOOT. - - 1848. - - _For Cannon's Military Records._ -] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[6] Disembarkation Return, TENTH Foot, June, 1801--LANDED AT -COSSEIR, 2 lieut.-colonels, 2 majors, 6 captains, 16 lieutenants, 5 -ensigns, 5 staff, 46 serjeants, 18 drummers, and 854 rank and file. - -Lieut.-Colonel Samuel Auchmuty of the TENTH performed the duty of -adjutant-general to the expedition. - -[7] Route from Cosseir on the Red Sea to Kenna on the Nile. - - Miles. - From Cosseir to the New Wells 11 _Water._ - Half way to Moilah 17 _No water._ - Moilah 17 Water and provisions. - Advanced Wells 9 _Water._ - Half way to Legaitte 19 _No water._ - Legaitte 19 _Water and provisions._ - Baromba 18 Water. - Kenna 10 The Nile. - --- - 120 - -The distances were thus computed at the time, but it was believed -that they were greatly underrated. - -[8] Extract from a despatch from Field-Marshal the Marquis of -Wellington, dated _Toulouse, 19th April, 1814_:-- - -"Upon the breaking up of this army, I perform a most satisfactory -duty in reporting to your Lordship my sense of the conduct and -merit of Lieutenant-General William Clinton, and of the troops -under his command since they have been employed in the Peninsula. -Circumstances have not enabled those troops to have so brilliant -a share in the operations of the war, as their brother officers -and soldiers on this side of the Peninsula; but they have not been -less usefully employed; their conduct, when engaged with the enemy, -has always been meritorious; and I have had every reason to be -satisfied with the General Officer commanding, and with them." - -[9] Now Deputy Adjutant-General to the Forces in Ireland. - -[10] Despatch of General Sir Hugh Gough, Commander-in-Chief in -India. - -[11] A similar proof of coolness on the part of the TENTH Regiment -of Foot was evinced at the Battle of _Steenkirk_, in 1692, and is -narrated at page 8. - -[12] The sixth brigade consisted of Her Majesty's 80th regiment, -and 33rd and 63rd regiments of native infantry. - -The seventh brigade consisted of Her Majesty's 10th and 53rd -regiments, and 43rd and 59th regiments of native infantry. - - - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS - -OF - -THE TENTH, OR THE NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE, - -REGIMENT OF FOOT. - - -JOHN EARL OF BATH. - -_Appointed 20th June, 1685._ - -JOHN GRANVILLE, son of Sir Beville Granville, Knight, who was -distinguished for his devotion to the royal cause during the -rebellion in the reign of King Charles I., commanded his father's -regiment of loyal Cornishmen in His Majesty's service, when in his -fifteenth year, and was so conspicuous for valour and discretion -beyond what is usually evinced at that age, that after taking part -in several skirmishes in the west of England, he was placed at the -head of a brigade of six regiments, with the rank of major-general, -and he was severely wounded at the second battle of Newbury. He -held the appointment of Gentleman of the Bedchamber to His Royal -Highness the Prince of Wales, afterwards King Charles II., whom he -attended, during the exile of the royal family, and shared in His -Majesty's travels and afflictions in France, Flanders, Holland, and -the island of Jersey. The King appointed him governor of the Scilly -Islands, which he defended against the fleet of Cromwell, under -Admirals Blake and Askew. He took part in bringing to maturity -the measures which led to the restoration of the royal family, -frequently consulting with General Monk, his near kinsman; and in -April, 1661, His Majesty rewarded this faithful and zealous servant -of the Crown with the dignity of Baron Granville of Kilkhampton -in Cornwall, and of Bideford in Devonshire, Viscount Granville -of Lansdown, and EARL OF BATH. He was heir to the titles of Earl -of Carboile, Thorigny, and Granville, in Normandy, in as full -and ample a manner as his ancestors had formerly enjoyed them, -before that dukedom was lost to the Crown of England, and he was -authorized, by royal warrant, to use the same. The EARL OF BATH was -appointed governor of Plymouth and commandant of an independent -company of foot in garrison at that fortress, and on the breaking -out of the rebellion of James Duke of Monmouth, in June, 1685, his -lordship was appointed colonel of a newly-raised corps, of which -his independent company was the nucleus,--now the TENTH, or the -NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. When the destruction of the -established religion and laws of the kingdom appeared to have been -resolved upon by the court, the EARL OF BATH communicated with the -Prince of Orange, and when His Highness arrived with an armament -from Holland, he arrested the Earl of Huntingdon, and several other -officers in garrison at Plymouth, and declared for the Prince of -Orange, for which he was deprived of his commissions by King James, -but he was restored by the Prince in three weeks afterwards. In -1693, he resigned the colonelcy of the TENTH foot, in favour of his -nephew, Lieut.-Colonel Sir Beville Granville. He died in 1701. - - -SIR CHARLES CARNEY. - -_Appointed 8th December, 1688._ - -SIR CHARLES CARNEY was an officer in the reign of King Charles -II., and served on the Continent in the war between the United -Provinces, the Emperor of Germany and France; and on the breaking -out of the rebellion in 1685, he raised a company in the EARL OF -BATH's regiment, now TENTH foot, of which corps he was appointed -major, and was afterwards promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy, in -succession to Sir Nicholas Stannings. He adhered to King James -II. at the Revolution in 1688, and obtained the colonelcy of his -regiment, but was removed by the Prince of Orange, on the 31st of -December, 1688. He was not afterwards employed in the service. - - -JOHN EARL OF BATH. - -_Reappointed 31st December, 1688._ - -_Resigned in October, 1693._ - - -SIR BEVILLE GRANVILLE. - -_Appointed 29th October, 1693._ - -SIR BEVILLE GRANVILLE obtained a commission in the army in June, -1685, and served in the regiment of which his uncle, JOHN EARL OF -BATH was colonel, now TENTH foot, of which corps he was appointed -lieut.-colonel at the Revolution in 1688. He highly distinguished -himself at the battle of Steenkirk in 1692, leading his regiment -into action with cool collected valour, which procured for him the -commendations of the general officers who witnessed his conduct. -He also displayed intrepidity and firmness at the forcing of the -French lines in 1693; and the Earl of Bath resigned the colonelcy -of the TENTH in his favour, in the autumn of the same year. He -continued to serve in the Netherlands, and commanded a brigade -in the campaign of 1695. Queen Anne promoted him to the rank -of major-general, and appointed him governor of the island of -Barbadoes, when he was succeeded in the colonelcy of his regiment -by Lord North and Grey. The climate of Barbadoes not agreeing with -his constitution, he obtained permission to return to England, but -died on his passage home in 1706. - - -WILLIAM LORD NORTH AND GREY. - -_Appointed 15th January, 1703._ - -WILLIAM LORD NORTH AND GREY, of Rolleston, acquired great -reputation in the wars of Queen Anne, while serving under the -celebrated John Duke of Marlborough. He was appointed colonel -of the TENTH regiment of foot in January, 1703, and served the -campaign of that year at the head of his regiment, performing a -conspicuous part at the siege of Huy. In the following year he -accompanied his regiment to Germany, evinced signal gallantry at -Schellenberg, and had his right hand shot off at the battle of -Blenheim. This loss did not occasion him to retire from active -service; but he continued at the head of the TENTH, and soon after -the celebrated victory of Ramilies, in 1706, he was promoted to -the rank of brigadier-general and placed at the head of a brigade -of infantry. During the campaign of 1707, he was at the head of -the fifth brigade of foot; at the battle of Oudenarde, in 1708, he -commanded a battalion of the royals, and the TENTH, twenty-first, -and twenty-sixth regiments; he also took part in covering the -siege of Lisle, and evinced signal gallantry at the siege and -capture of Ghent. On the 1st of January, 1709, he was promoted to -the rank of major-general, and in 1710 to that of lieut.-general. -He served the campaign of 1712, under James Duke of Ormond, and -his services were rewarded with the appointment of governor of -Portsmouth. When measures were adopted to prevent the accession of -the house of Hanover to the throne of Great Britain, Lord North -and Grey espoused the interest of the Stuart dynasty, and became a -secret advocate for the elevation of the Pretender to the throne. -King George I. deprived his lordship of the colonelcy of the TENTH -foot, and of the government of Portsmouth; also confined him in the -Tower of London. He was subsequently released, and he withdrew to -the Continent. Although a very gallant officer in the field, yet -he lost sight of the best interests of his country; and during his -residence at Brussels, he embraced the Roman Catholic religion. He -died at Madrid in October, 1734. - - -HENRY GROVE. - -_Appointed 23rd June, 1715._ - -This officer entered the army on the 1st of December, 1688, as an -ensign in one of the regiments which had declared for the Prince -of Orange. He was many years an officer of the TENTH foot, and -served with the regiment in the wars of King William III., which -were terminated by the peace of Ryswick in 1697. He also served -the campaigns of 1702, 1703, and 1704, with the regiment, and was -at the battles of Schellenberg and Blenheim. In the autumn of 1704 -he succeeded Major Granville, who was wounded at the battle of -Blenheim, in the majority of the TENTH, with which corps he served -at the forcing of the French lines in 1705, and at the battle of -Ramilies in 1706; and he succeeded lieut.-colonel Rawley in the -lieut.-colonelcy of the regiment in the same year. Lieut.-Colonel -Grove commanded the TENTH at the battle of Oudenarde, in July, -1708, and in December following he was taken prisoner at the -siege of Ghent. He was liberated soon afterwards, and in the -following year he commanded the regiment at the siege of the -castle of Tournay, and at the battle of Malplaquet. The practice -of giving medals, promotion, and inscriptions on regimental -colours, for battles and sieges, had not been introduced; but -lieut.-colonel Grove's services were rewarded with the rank of -colonel in the army, and in 1711 he was promoted to the rank of -brigadier-general. King George I. conferred the colonelcy of the -TENTH foot on brigadier-general Grove, who was promoted to the rank -of major-general in 1727, and to that of lieut.-general in 1735. He -died on the 20th of November, 1736. - - -FRANCIS COLUMBINE. - -_Appointed 27th January, 1737._ - -FRANCIS COLUMBINE served in the wars of Queen Anne, under the -celebrated John Duke of Marlborough; he was many years an officer -of the eighth regiment of foot, in which corps he rose to the rank -of major, and he was subsequently promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy -of the TENTH. He performed the duty of commanding officer of the -TENTH upwards of twelve years, and preserved the regiment in a high -state of discipline and efficiency. He was promoted to the rank of -major-general on the 29th of October, 1735, and was rewarded with -the colonelcy of the TENTH foot in 1737; on the 2nd of July, 1739, -he was advanced to the rank of lieut.-general. He died on the 22nd -of September, 1746. - - -JAMES LORD TYRAWLEY. - -_Appointed 22nd December, 1746._ - -THE HONOURABLE JAMES O'HARA entered the army on the 15th of March, -1703, as lieutenant in the royal regiment of fusiliers, commanded -by his father. He proceeded with his regiment to the relief of -Barcelona in 1706; in the following year he served on the staff -of the army in Spain, and was wounded at the battle of Almanza, -where he was instrumental in saving the Earl of Galway's life. -He afterwards served in Catalonia, and in the island of Minorca, -and in 1713, he was promoted to the colonelcy of the seventh -royal fusiliers, in succession to his father, at whose decease, -in 1733, he succeeded to the dignity of BARON TYRAWLEY. The rank -of brigadier-general was conferred on his lordship, in 1735, that -of major-general, in July 1739, and in the following month he was -removed from the royal fusiliers to the fifth horse, now fourth -dragoon guards. In March, 1743, he was promoted to the rank of -lieut.-general, and in April of the same year, he obtained the -colonelcy of the second troop of horse grenadier-guards, from which -he was removed, in 1745, to the third troop of life-guards, which -gave him the privilege of taking the court duty of gold-stick. -King George II. resolved to disband the third and fourth troops of -life-guards, in 1746, and LORD TYRAWLEY was removed to the TENTH -foot; he was again removed, in 1749, to the fourteenth dragoons; -in 1752 to the third dragoons, and in 1755, to the second regiment -of foot-guards. He was appointed governor of Portsmouth, in 1759, -and was promoted to the rank of general in 1761. LORD TYRAWLEY -held the appointment of governor of Minorca for several years, and -was employed as envoy and ambassador to the courts of Portugal and -Russia. He died in 1773. - - -EDWARD POLE. - -_Appointed 10th August, 1749._ - -This officer was appointed cornet in the Scots Greys on the 23rd of -January, 1709, and he served with his regiment in the Netherlands -during the remainder of the war, which was terminated by the treaty -of Utrecht, in 1713. He was at the battle of Malplaquet in 1709, -and was actively employed in suppressing the rebellion in Scotland, -in 1715 and 1716. He was several years major in the twenty-third -foot; in 1739 he was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy of the -twelfth dragoons, and in 1749, King George II. rewarded his long -and faithful services with the colonelcy of the TENTH foot. He -was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1757, and to that of -lieut.-general in 1759. His decease occurred in December 1762. - - -EDWARD SANDFORD. - -_Appointed 14th January, 1763._ - -EDWARD SANDFORD served many years in the first regiment of -foot-guards, in which corps he was promoted to captain and -lieut.-colonel in February, 1748. On the 21st of April, 1758, he -was appointed colonel of the sixty-sixth regiment, which was formed -at that period of the second battalion of the nineteenth; and in -June of the same year he was removed to the fifty-second foot. He -was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1761; was removed -to the TENTH regiment in 1763, and was advanced to the rank of -lieut.-general in 1770. He died in 1781. - - -SIR ROBERT MURRAY KEITH, K.B. - -_Appointed 10th October, 1781._ - -When King George II. discovered the excellent qualities of the -Scots Highlanders, as soldiers of the regular army, His Majesty -authorized several corps to be raised among the clans, and they -proved a valuable addition to the military establishment of the -kingdom. One of these corps was designated the eighty-seventh, or -Highland volunteers; it was raised by Robert Murray Keith, who -was appointed lieut.-colonel commandant on the 10th of May, 1760. -This officer served with his regiment in Germany, under Prince -Ferdinand of Brunswick, and the Highland volunteers signalized -themselves on several occasions, but they were disbanded at the -peace in 1763. Lieut.-Colonel Keith was promoted to the rank of -colonel in 1772, and to that of major-general in 1777; in 1781 he -was appointed colonel of the TENTH foot, and promoted to the rank -of lieut.-general. His services were rewarded with the dignity of -Knight of the Bath. He died in 1795. - -THE HONOURABLE HENRY EDWARD FOX. - -_Appointed 23rd June, 1795._ - -This officer was appointed cornet in the first dragoon guards in -1770, lieutenant in 1773, and captain in the thirty-eighth foot in -1774. He was serving with his regiment at Boston, when the American -war commenced, and throughout the campaigns which followed, he -was actively employed. The thirty-eighth shared in the actions at -Concord and Bunker's Hill in 1775; the capture of Long Island; the -action at White Plains in 1776; and the expedition to Philadelphia -in 1777. On the 12th of July, 1777, he was appointed major in the -forty-ninth foot, which corps was also serving in America, from -whence it was removed to the West Indies. About the period of its -embarkation, he received his appointment to the lieut.-colonelcy of -the thirty-eighth foot, then occupying the lines in front of New -York. At the termination of the war he was appointed aide-de-camp -to the King with the rank of colonel. In 1793 he received the -rank of major-general, and the colonelcy of the 131st regiment, -then newly raised, and two years afterwards his services were -rewarded with the colonelcy of the TENTH regiment of foot; in 1799, -he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general. During the war -which followed the French Revolution, when the British had taken -possession of several places in the Mediterranean, the services of -lieut.-general the Honourable Henry Edward Fox were transferred -to the Mediterranean, where he held the local rank of general, -excepting at Gibraltar, in 1801, and at Gibraltar, also, in 1804. -In 1808, he was promoted to the rank of general, and his services -were also rewarded with the government of Portsmouth. He died in -1811. - - -THE HONOURABLE THOMAS MAITLAND. - -_Appointed 19th July, 1811._ - -THE HONOURABLE THOMAS MAITLAND, third son of James, seventh Earl of -Lauderdale, was appointed ensign in the twenty-fifth foot in July -1777, and in the following year he was promoted to captain in the -seventy-eighth regiment. In 1794 he obtained the lieut.-colonelcy -of the sixty-second foot. He served in the West Indies during the -early part of the war of the French Revolution; took an active -part in the attempt to deliver, from the power of the republicans, -the island of St. Domingo, where he obtained the local rank of -brigadier-general in 1797; when St. Domingo was evacuated, his -services were extended to the other islands, and in September, -1798, he was appointed colonel of the tenth West India regiment. -On the 14th of September, 1799, he was promoted to the local -rank of major-general on a particular service on the coast of -France. In January, 1805, he received the rank of major-general, -and in February of the same year he was appointed colonel of -the third garrison battalion. He was appointed to the staff of -the island of Ceylon, with the local rank of lieut.-general, on -the 31st of July 1806, and in 1807, he obtained the colonelcy -of the fourth West India regiment. In 1811, he was promoted to -the rank of lieut.-general, and removed to the TENTH regiment of -foot. On the 15th of July, 1813, he was appointed governor and -commander-in-chief of the island of Malta and its dependencies; and -he was subsequently nominated privy councillor of Malta, commander -of the forces in the Mediterranean, and Lord High Commissioner -of the Ionian Islands. He performed the important duties which -devolved upon him in consequence of these appointments, to the -satisfaction of the Crown, and to the advantage of the inhabitants -of the islands committed to his charge, who highly prized the -order, equitable rule, and personal safety they enjoyed under the -protection of Great Britain. He was honoured with the dignity of -Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, and Knight Grand Cross -of the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic Order. He was greatly beloved and -esteemed among the natives of the Ionian Islands, and a monument, -erected by the inhabitants of Corfu, bears an inscription, in -Greek, expressive of their estimation of his character and virtues. -He died at Malta, on the 17th January, 1824, and was buried in the -bastion which contains the remains of the celebrated Sir Ralph -Abercromby. - - -SIR JOHN LAMBERT, G.C.B. - -_Appointed 18th January, 1824._ - -GENERAL SIR JOHN LAMBERT, G.C.B. entered the army as an Ensign in -the First Foot Guards in January, 1791; he was promoted to the -rank of Captain and Lieutenant-Colonel on the 9th October 1793; -he served in the campaign of 1793 in Flanders, was present at the -siege of Valenciennes, the action of Lincelles, and the siege of -Dunkirk. He served also with the Foot Guards in Ireland during -the rebellion in 1798. In 1799 he embarked with the expedition -to Holland, and was present in the actions of the 27th August, -10th and 19th September, and 2nd and 6th October of that year. He -embarked for the Peninsula and served with Lieut.-General Sir John -Moore in 1808 and 1809, and was present with him at the battle of -Corunna. In 1809 he commanded the Light Companies of the First and -Third Brigades of Foot Guards in the expedition to the Scheldt, and -attained the rank of Colonel on 25th July, 1810. In May 1811 he -embarked in command of the Third Battalion of the Grenadier Guards -for Cadiz, from whence he proceeded in January 1812 with a Brigade -to Carthagena. He returned to Cadiz on the 15th April, and assumed -the command of the Reserve in the Isla de Leon, and in October of -that year he joined the main army at Salamanca. He was promoted to -the rank of Major-General on the 4th June, 1813, and was appointed -to the Staff of the Army under Field-Marshal the Duke of Wellington -in the Peninsula; he commanded a Brigade in the Sixth Division at -the Battles of Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, and Toulouse, for which he -received the distinction of a Cross. He was subsequently appointed -to the Staff of the Division of the Army sent to America in 1814, -and took part in the attack on New Orleans in January 1815, and -at the siege of Fort Bowyer; he succeeded to the command of that -division of the Army on the deaths of Major-Generals Pakenham and -Gibbs. He returned from America in the spring of 1815, and arrived -in sufficient time to take the command of a Brigade in the campaign -of 1815, and to participate in the victory obtained at Waterloo. -He was appointed to the colonelcy of the 10th Regiment of Foot on -the 18th January 1824; he attained the rank of Lieutenant-General -on 27th May 1825, and that of General on 23rd November 1841. In -addition to the order of G.C.B., he was a Knight of the Third -Class of Wladimir of Russia, and Commander of the Bavarian order -of Maximilian Joseph. His decease took place on the 14th September -1847. - - -SIR THOMAS M'MAHON, BART. and K.C.B. - -_Appointed from 94th Regiment, 28th September, 1847._ - - - - -APPENDIX. - - -_Battles, Sieges, &c., in the Netherlands, during the reign of -King_ WILLIAM III., _from 1689 to the Peace of Ryswick, in 1697._ - - Battle of Walcourt 25 August 1689 - --------- Fleurus 4 July 1690 - Mons surrendered to the French 10 April 1691 - Namur ditto ditto 20 June 1692 - Battle of Steenkirk 3 August ---- - Furnes and Dixmude captured -- Sept. ---- - The French lines at D'Otignies forced 10 July 1693 - Battle of Landen 29 July ---- - Surrender of Huy 17 Sept. 1694 - Attack on Fort Kenoque 9 June 1695 - Dixmude surrendered to the French 16 July ---- - Namur retaken by King William III. 25 July ---- - Citadel of Namur surrendered 5 Sept. ---- - Treaty of Ryswick signed 11 Sept. 1697 - - -_List of Sieges, Battles, &c. in the Netherlands and Germany, -during the Campaigns under the_ DUKE _of_ MARLBOROUGH _from 1702 to -1711._ - - Invested. Surrendered. - - Siege of Kayserswerth 16 April 17 June 1702 - Skirmish near Nimeguen .. 11 June ---- - Siege of Venloo 29 August 25 Sept. ---- - Capture of Fort St. Michael .. 18 Sept. ---- - Siege of Stevenswaert .. 3 Oct. ---- - -------- Ruremonde .. 6 Oct. ---- - Capture of Liege Citadel .. 23 Oct. ---- - Siege of Bonn 24 April 15 May 1703 - -------- Huy 16 August 25 Aug. ---- - -------- Limburg 10 Sept. 28 Sept. ---- - Battle of Schellenberg .. 2 July 1704 - -------- Blenheim .. 13 Aug. ---- - Siege of Landau 12 Sept. 24 Nov. ---- - Huy captured by the French .. -- May 1705 - Re-capture of Huy .. 11 July ---- - Forcing the French lines at Helixem, near Tirlemont 18 July ---- - Skirmish near the Dyle .. 21 July ---- - Siege of Sandvliet 26 October 29 Oct. ---- - Battle of Ramilies .. 23 May 1706 - Siege of Ostend 28 June 8 July ---- - -------- Menin 25 July 25 August ---- - -------- Dendermond 29 August 5 Sept. ---- - -------- Aeth 16 Sept. 3 Oct. ---- - Battle of Oudenarde .. 11 July 1708 - Siege of Lisle 13 August 23 Oct. ---- - Capture of the Citadel .. 9 Dec. ---- - Battle of Wynendale .. 28 Sept. ---- - Passage of the Scheldt .. 27 Nov. ---- - Siege of Ghent 18 Dec. 30 Dec. ---- - -------- Tournay 27 June 29 July 1709 - Capture of the Citadel .. 3 Sept. ---- - Battle of Malplaquet .. 11 Sept. ---- - Siege of Mons 21 Sept. 20 Oct. ---- - Passage of the French lines at Pont à Vendin 21 April 1710 - Siege of Douay 25 April 27 June ---- - -------- Bethune 15 July 29 August ---- - -------- Aire 6 Sept. 9 Nov. ---- - -------- St. Venant 6 Sept. 30 Sept. ---- - Passage of the French lines at Arleux .. 5 August 1711 - Siege of Bouchain 10 Aug. 13 Sept. ---- - Treaty of Utrecht signed .. 30 March 1713 - - -LONDON: Printed by W. CLOWES and SONS, Stamford Street, For Her -Majesty's Stationery Office. - - - - - TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE - - Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within - the text and consultation of external sources. - - Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, - and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example, - foot-guards, foot guards; out-post, outpost; intrusted; lodgment; - dgerm. - - Pg xxxi, two missing items added to the list of 'PLATES', namely - 'At the Battle of Steenkirk' and 'Costume of the Regiment - 1848'. - Pg 8, 'the Fench fell' replaced by 'the French fell'. - Pg 19, 'non-commissoned officers' replaced by 'non-commissioned - officers'. - Pg 36, the Plate caption 'TENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. [_To face page_ 1.' - replaced by 'COLOURS OF THE TENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT.' - Pg 76, 'October, 173.4' replaced by 'October, 1734.'. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Tenth, or the -North Lincolnshire, Regiment of Foot, by Richard Cannon - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD *** - -***** This file should be named 56293-8.txt or 56293-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/6/2/9/56293/ - -Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -book was produced from images made available by the -HathiTrust Digital Library.) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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