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+The Project Gutenberg EBook The Story of My Life, by Georg Ebers, v2
+#155 in our series by Georg Ebers
+
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+Title: The Story of My Life, Volume 2.
+
+Author: Georg Ebers
+
+Release Date: April, 2004  [EBook #5594]
+[Yes, we are more than one year ahead of schedule]
+[This file was first posted on August 24, 2002]
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+Edition: 10
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+Language: English
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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK STORY OF MY LIFE, BY EBERS, V2***
+
+
+
+This eBook was produced by David Widger <widger@cecomet.net>
+
+
+
+[NOTE: There is a short list of bookmarks, or pointers, at the end of the
+file for those who may wish to sample the author's ideas before making an
+entire meal of them.  D.W.]
+
+
+
+
+
+THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF GEORG EBERS
+
+THE STORY OF MY LIFE FROM CHILDHOOD TO MANHOOD
+
+Volume 2.
+
+
+CHAPTER VI.
+
+MY INTRODUCTION TO ART, AND ACQUAINTANCES GREAT AND SMALL IN THE
+LENNESTRASSE.
+
+The Drakes mentioned in my sister's journal are the family of the
+sculptor, to whom Berlin and many another German city owe such splendid
+works of art.
+
+He was also one of our neighbours, and a warm friendship bound him and
+his young wife to my mother.  He was kind to us children, too, and had us
+in his studio, which was connected with the house like the other and
+larger one in the Thiergarten.  He even gave us a bit of clay to shape.
+I have often watched him at work for hours, chattering to him, but
+happier still to listen while he told us of his childhood when he was a
+poor boy.  He exhorted us to be thankful that we were better off, but
+generally added that he would not exchange for anything in the world
+those days when he went barefoot.  His bright, clear artist's eyes
+sparkled as he spoke, and it must indeed have been a glorious
+satisfaction to have conquered the greatest hindrances by his own might,
+and to have raised himself to the highest pinnacle of life--that of art.
+I had a dim impression of this when he talked to us, and now I consider
+every one enviable who has only himself to thank for all he is, like
+Drake, his friend in art Ritschl, and my dear friend Josef Popf, in Rome,
+all three laurel-crowned masters in the art of sculpture.
+
+In Drake's studio I saw statues, busts, and reliefs grow out of the rude
+mass of clay; I saw the plaster cast turned into marble, and the master,
+with his sure hand, evoking splendid forms from the primary limestone.
+What I could not understand, the calm, kindly man explained with
+unfailing patience, and so I got an early insight into the sculptor's
+creative art.
+
+It was these recollections of my childhood that suggested to me the
+character of little Pennu in Uarda, of Polykarp in Homo Sum, of Pollux in
+The Emperor, and the cheery Alexander in Per Aspera.
+
+I often visited also, during my last years in Berlin, the studio of
+another sculptor.  His name was Streichenberg, and his workshop was in
+our garden in the Linkstrasse.
+
+If a thoughtful earnestness was the rule in Drake's studio, in that of
+Prof. Streichenberg artistic gaiety reigned.  He often whistled or sang
+at his work, and his young Italian assistant played the guitar.  But
+while I still know exactly what Drake executed in our presence, so that I
+could draw the separate groups of the charming relief, the Genii of the
+Thiergarten, I do not remember a single stroke of Streichenberg's work,
+though I can recall all the better the gay manner of the artist whom we
+again met in 1848 as a demagogue.
+
+At the Schmidt school Franz and Paul Meyerheim were among our comrades,
+and how full of admiration I was when one of them--Franz, I think, who
+was then ten or eleven years old--showed us a hussar he had painted
+himself in oil on a piece of canvas!  The brothers took us to their home,
+and there I saw at his work their kindly father, the creator of so many
+charming pictures of country and child life.
+
+There was also a member of the artist family of the Begas, Adalbert, who
+was one of our contemporaries and playmates, some of whose beautiful
+portraits I saw afterward, but whom, to my regret, I never met again.
+
+Most memorable of all were our meetings with Peter Cornelius, who also
+lived in the Lennestrasse.  When I think of him it always seems as if he
+were looking me in the face.  Whoever once gazed into his eyes could
+never forget them.  He was a little man, with waxen-pale, and almost
+harsh, though well-formed features, and smooth, long, coal-black hair.
+He might scarcely have been noticed save for his eyes, which overpowered
+all else, as the sunlight puts out starlight.  Those eyes would have
+drawn attention to him anywhere.  His peculiar seriousness and his
+aristocratic reserve of manner were calculated to keep children at a
+distance, even to repel them, and we avoided the stern little man whom we
+had heard belonged to the greatest of the great.  When he and his amiable
+wife became acquainted with our mother, however, and he called us to him,
+it is indescribable how his harsh features softened in the intercourse
+with us little ones, till they assumed an expression of the utmost
+benevolence, and with what penetrating, I might say fatherly kindness, he
+talked and even jested with us in his impressive way.  I had the best of
+it, for my blond curly head struck him as usable in some work of his, and
+my mother readily consented to my being his model.  So I had to keep
+still several hours day after day, though I confess, to my shame, that I
+remember nothing about the sittings except having eaten some particularly
+good candied fruit.
+
+Even now I smile at the recollection of his making an angel or a spirit
+of peace out of the wild boy who perhaps just before had been scuffling
+with the enemy from the flower-cellar.
+
+There was another celebrated inhabitant of the Lennestrasse whose
+connection with us was still closer than that of Peter Cornelius.
+It was the councillor of consistory and court chaplain Strauss,
+who lived at No. 3.
+
+Two men more unlike than he and his great artist-neighbour can hardly be
+imagined, though their cradles were not far apart, for the painter was
+born in Dusseldorf, and the clergyman at Iserlohn, in Westphalia.
+
+Cornelius appears to me like a peculiarly delicate type of the Latin
+race, while Strauss might be called a prototype of the sturdy Lower
+Saxons.  Broad-shouldered, stout, ruddy, with small but kindly blue eyes,
+and a resonant bass voice suited to fill great spaces, he was always at
+his ease and made others easy.  He had a touch of the assured yet fine
+dignity of a well-placed and well-educated Catholic prelate, though
+combined with the warlike spirit of a Protestant.
+
+Looking more closely at his healthy face, it revealed not only benevolent
+amiability but superior sense and plain traces of that cheery elasticity
+of soul which gave him such power over the hearts of the listening
+congregation, and the disposition and mind of the king.
+
+His religious views I do not accept, but I believe his strictly orthodox
+belief was based upon conviction, and cannot be charged to any odious
+display of piety to ingratiate himself with the king.  It was in the time
+of our boyhood that Alexander von Humboldt, going once with the king to
+church, in Potsdam, in answer to the sneering question how he, who passed
+for a freethinker at court, could go to the house of God, made the apt
+reply, "In order to get on, your Excellency."
+
+When Strauss met us in the street and called to us with a certain unction
+in his melodious voice, "Good-morning, my dear children in Christ!" our
+hearts went out to him, and it seemed as if we had received a blessing.
+He and his son Otto used to call me "Marcus Aurelius," on account of my
+curly blond head; and how often did he put his strong hand into my thick
+locks to draw me toward him!
+
+Strauss was in the counsels of the king, Frederick William IV, and at
+important moments exercised an influence on his political decisions.  Yet
+that somewhat eccentric prince could not resist his inclination to make
+cheap jokes at Strauss's expense.  After creating him court-chaplain, he
+said to Alexander von Humboldt: "A trick in natural history which you
+cannot copy!  I have turned an ostrich (Strauss) into a bullfinch
+(Dompfaffer)"--in allusion to Strauss's being a preacher at the cathedral
+(Dom).
+
+Fritz, the worthy man's eldest son, came to see me in Leipsic.  Our
+studies in the department of biblical geography had led us to different
+conclusions, but our scientific views were constantly intermingled with
+recollections of the Lennestrasse.
+
+But better than he, who was much older, do I remember his brother Otto,
+then a bright, amiable young man, and his mother, who was from the Rhine
+country, a warm-hearted, kindly woman of aristocratic bearing.
+
+Our mother had a very high opinion of the court chaplain, who had
+christened us all and afterward confirmed my sisters, and officiated at
+Martha's marriage.  But, much as she appreciated him as a friend and
+counsellor, she could not accept his strict theology.  Though she
+received the communion at his hands, with my sisters, she preferred the
+sermons of the regimental chaplain, Bollert, and later those of the
+excellent Sydow.  I well remember her grief when Bollert, whose free
+interpretation of Scripture had aroused displeasure at court, was sent to
+Potsdam.
+
+I find an amusing echo of the effect of this measure in Paula's journal,
+and it would have been almost impossible for a growing girl of active
+mind to take no note of opinions which she heard everywhere expressed.
+
+Our entire circle was loyal; especially Privy-Councillor Seiffart, one
+of our most intimate friends, a sarcastic Conservative, who was credited
+with the expresssion, "The limited intellect of subjects," which,
+however, belonged to his superior, Minister von Rochow.  Still, almost
+all my mother's acquaintances, and the younger ones without exception,
+felt a desire for better political conditions and a constitution for the
+brave, loyal, reflecting, and well-educated Prussian people.  In the same
+house with us lived two men who had suffered for their political
+convictions--the brothers Grimm.  They had been ejected from their chairs
+among the seven professors of Gottingen, who were sacrificed to the
+arbitrary humour of King Ernst August of Hanover.
+
+Their dignified figures are among the noblest and most memorable
+recollections of the Lennestrasse.  They were, it might be said, one
+person, for they were seldom seen apart; yet each had preserved his own
+distinct individuality.
+
+If ever the external appearance of distinguished men corresponded with
+the idea formed of them from their deeds and works, it was so in their
+case.  One did not need to know them to perceive at the first glance that
+they were labourers in the department of intellectual life, though
+whether as scientists or poets even a practised observer would have found
+it difficult to determine.  Their long, flowing, wavy hair, and an
+atmosphere of ideality which enveloped them both, might have inclined one
+to the latter supposition; while the form of their brows, indicating deep
+thought and severe mental labor, and their slightly stooping shoulders,
+would have suggested the former.  Wilhelm's milder features were really
+those of a poet, while Jakob's sterner cast of countenance, and his
+piercing eyes, indicated more naturally a searcher after knowledge.
+
+But just as certainly as that they both belonged to the strongest
+champions of German science, the Muse had kissed them in their cradle.
+Not only their manner of restoring our German legends, but almost all
+their writings, give evidence of a poetical mode of viewing things, and
+of an intuition peculiar to the spirit of poetry.  Many of their
+writings, too, are full of poetical beauties.
+
+That both were men in the fullest meaning of the word was revealed at the
+first glance.  They proved it when, to stand by their convictions, they
+put themselves and their families at the mercy of a problematical future;
+and when, in advanced years, they undertook the gigantic work of
+compiling so large and profound a German dictionary.  Jakob looked as if
+nothing could bend him;
+
+Wilhelm as if, though equally strong, he might yield out of love.
+
+And what a fascinating, I might almost say childlike, amiability was
+united to manliness in both characters!  Yes, theirs was indeed that
+sublime simplicity which genius has in common with the children whom the
+Saviour called to him.  It spoke from the eyes whose gaze was so
+searching, and echoed in their language which so easily mastered
+difficult things, though when they condescended to play with their
+children and with us, and jested so naively, we were half tempted to
+think ourselves the wiser.
+
+But we knew with what intellectual giants we had to do; no one had needed
+to tell us that, at least; and when they called me to them I felt as if
+the king himself had honoured me.
+
+Only Wilhelm was married, and his wife had hardly her equal for sunny and
+simple kindness of heart.  A pleasanter, more motherly, sweeter matron I
+never met.
+
+Hermann, who won good rank as a poet, and was one of the very foremost of
+our aesthetics, was much older than we.  The tall young man, who often
+walked as if he were absorbed in thought, seemed to us a peculiar and
+unapproachable person.  His younger brother, Rudolf, on the other hand,
+was a cheery fellow, whose beauty and brightness charmed me unspeakably.
+When he came along with elastic tread as if he were challenging life to a
+conflict, and I saw him spring up the stairs three steps at a time, I was
+delighted, and I knew that my mother was very fond of him.  It was just
+the same with "Gustel," his sister, who was as amiable and kindly as her
+mother.
+
+I can still see the torchlight procession with which the Berlin students
+honoured the beloved and respected brothers, and which we watched from
+the Grimms' windows because they were higher than ours.  But there is a
+yet brighter light of fire in my memory.  It was shed by the burning
+opera house.  Our mother, who liked to have us participate in anything
+remarkable which might be a recollection for life, took us out of our
+beds to the next house, where the Seiffarts lived, and which had a little
+tower on it.  Thence we gazed in admiration at the ever-deepening glow of
+the sky, toward which great tongues of flame kept streaming up, while
+across the dusk shot formless masses like radiant spark-showering birds.
+Pillars of smoke mingled with the clouds, and the metallic note of the
+fire-bells calling for help accompanied the grand spectacle.  I was only
+six years old, but I remember distinctly that when Ludo and I were taken
+to the Lutz swimming-baths next day, we found first on the drill-ground,
+then on the bank of the Spree, and in the water, charred pieces, large
+and small, of the side-scenes of the theatre.  They were the glowing
+birds whose flight I had watched from the tower of the Crede house.
+
+This remark reminds me how early our mother provided for our physical
+development, for I clearly remember that the tutor who took us little
+fellows to the bath called our attention to these bits of decoration
+while we were swimming.  When I went to Keilhau, at eleven years old,
+I had mastered the art completely.
+
+I did, in fact, many things at an earlier age than is customary, because
+I was always associated with my brother, who was a year and a half older.
+
+We were early taught to skate, too, and how many happy hours we passed,
+frequently with our sisters, on the ice by the Louisa and Rousseau
+Islands in the Thiergarten!  The first ladies who at that time
+distinguished themselves as skaters were the wife and daughter of the
+celebrated surgeon Dieffenbach--two fine, supple figures, who moved
+gracefully over the ice, and in their fur-bordered jackets and Polish
+caps trimmed with sable excited universal admiration.
+
+On the whole, we had time enough for such things, though we lost many a
+free hour in music lessons.  Ludo was learning to play on the piano, but
+I had chosen another instrument.  Among our best friends, the three fine
+sons of Privy-Councillor Oesterreich and others, there was a pleasant boy
+named Victor Rubens, whose parents were likewise friends of my mother.
+In the hospitable house of this agreeable family I had heard the composer
+Vieuxtemps play the violin when I was nine years old.  I went home fairly
+enraptured, and begged my mother to let me take lessons.  My wish was
+fulfilled, and for many years I exerted myself zealously, without any
+result, to accomplish something on the violin.  I did, indeed, attain to
+a certain degree of skill, but I was so little satisfied with my own
+performances that I one day renounced the hope of becoming a practical
+musician, and presented my handsome violin--a gift from my grandmother--
+to a talented young virtuoso, the son of my sisters' French teacher.
+
+The actress Crelinger, when she came to see my mother, made a great
+impression on me, at this time, by her majestic appearance and her deep,
+musical voice.  She, and her daughter, Clara Stich, afterward Frau
+Liedtcke, the splendid singer, Frau Jachmann-Wagner, and the charming
+Frau Schlegel-Koster, were the only members of the theatrical profession
+who were included among the Gepperts' friends, and whose acquaintance we
+made in consequence.
+
+Frau Crelinger's husband was a highly respected jurist and councillor of
+justice, but among all the councillors' wives by whom she was surrounded
+I never heard her make use of her husband's title.  She was simply "Frau"
+in society, and for the public Crelinger.  She knew her name had an
+importance of its own.  Even though posterity twines no wreaths for
+actors, it is done in the grateful memory of survivors.  I shall never
+forget the ennobling and elevating hours I afterward owed to that great
+and noble interpreter of character.
+
+I am also indebted to Frau Jachmann-Wagner for much enjoyment both in
+opera and the drama.  She now renders meritorious service by fitting on
+the soundest artistic principles--younger singers for the stage.
+
+Among my mother's papers was a humorous note announcing the arrival of a
+friend from Oranienburg, and signed:
+
+                   "Your faithful old dog, Runge,
+                    Who was born in a quiet way
+                    At Neustadt, I've heard say."
+
+He came not once, but several times.  He bore the title of professor, was
+a chemist, and I learned from friends versed in that science that it was
+indebted to him for interesting discoveries.
+
+He had been an acquaintance of my father, and no one who met him,
+bubbling over with animation and lively wit, could easily forget him.  He
+had a full face and long, straight, dark hair hanging on his short neck,
+while intellect and kindness beamed from his twinkling eyes.  When he
+tossed me up and laughed, I laughed too, and it seemed as if all Nature
+must laugh with us.
+
+I have not met so strong and original a character for many a long year,
+and I was very glad to read in the autobiography of Wackernagel that when
+it went ill with him in Berlin, Hoffman von Fallersleben and this same
+Runge invited him to Breslau to share their poverty, which was so great
+that they often did not know at night where they should get the next
+day's bread.
+
+How many other names with and without the title of privy-councillor occur
+to me, but I must not allow myself to think of them.
+
+Fraulein Lamperi, however, must have a place here.  She used to dine with
+us at least once a week, and was among the most faithful adherents of our
+family.  She had been governess to my father and his only sister, and
+later was in the service of the Princess of Prussia, afterward the
+Empress Augusta, as waiting-woman.
+
+She, too, was one of those original characters whom we never find now.
+
+She was so clever that, incredible as it sounds, she made herself a wig
+and some false teeth, and yet she came of a race whose women were not
+accustomed to serve themselves with their own hands; for the blood of the
+venerable and aristocratic Altoviti family of Florence flowed in her
+veins.  Her father came into the world as a marquis of that name, but was
+disinherited when, against the will of his family, he married the
+dancer Lamperi.  With her he went first to Warsaw, and then to Berlin,
+where he supported himself and his children by giving lessons in the
+languages.  One daughter was a prominent member of the Berlin ballet, the
+other was prepared by a most careful education to be a governess.  She
+gave various lessons to my sisters, and criticised our proceedings
+sharply, as she did those of her fellow-creatures in general.  "I can't
+help it--I Must say what I think," was the palliating remark which
+followed every severe censure; and I owe to her the conviction that it
+is much easier to express disapproval, when it can be done with impunity,
+than to keep it to one's self, as I am also indebted to her for the
+subject of my fairy tale, The Elixir.
+
+I shall return to Fraulein Lamperi, for her connection with our family
+did not cease until her death, and she lived to be ninety.  Her
+aristocratic connections in Florence--be it said to their honour--
+never repudiated her, but visited her when they came to Berlin, and the
+equipage of the Italian ambassador followed at her funeral, for he, too,
+belonged to her father's kindred.  The extreme kindness extended to her
+by Emperor William I and his sovereign spouse solaced her old age in
+various ways.
+
+One of the dearest friends of my sister Paula and of our family knew more
+of me, unfortunately, at this time than I of her.  Her name was Babette
+Meyer, now Countess Palckreuth.  She lived in our neighbourhood, and was
+a charming, graceful child, but not one of our acquaintances.
+
+When she was grown up--we were good friends then--she told me she was
+coming from school one winter day, and some boys threw snowballs at her.
+Then Ludo and I appeared--"the Ebers boys" and she thought that would be
+the end of her; but instead of attacking her we fell upon the boys, who
+turned upon us, and drove them away, she escaping betwixt Scylla and
+Charybdis.
+
+Before this praiseworthy deed we had, however, thrown snow at a young
+lady in wanton mischief.  I forgive our heedlessness as we were forgiven,
+but it is really a painful thought to me that we should have snowballed
+a poor insane man, well known in the Thiergarten and Lennestrasse, and
+who seriously imagined that he was made of glass.
+
+I began to relate this, thinking of our uproarious laughter when the poor
+fellow cried out: "Let me alone!  I shall break!  Don't you hear me
+clink?"  Then I stopped, for my heart aches when I reflect what terrible
+distress our thoughtlessness caused the unfortunate creature.  We were
+not bad-hearted children, and yet it occurred to none of us to put
+ourselves in the place of the whimpering man and think what he suffered.
+But we could not do it.  A child is naturally egotistical, and unable in
+such a case to distinguish between what is amusing and what is sad.  Had
+the cry, "It hurts me!"  once fallen from the trembling lips of the
+"glass man," I think we should have thrown nothing more at him.
+
+But our young hearts did not, under all circumstances, allow what amused
+us to cast kinder feelings into the shade.  The "man of glass" had a
+feminine 'pendant' in the "crazy Frau Councillor with the velvet
+envelope."  This was a name she herself had given to a threadbare little
+velvet cloak, when some naughty boys--were we among them?--were
+snowballing her, and she besought us not to injure her velvet envelope.
+But when there was ice on the ground and one of the boys was trying
+to get her on to a slide, Ludo and I interfered and prevented it.
+Naturally, there was a good fight in consequence, but I am glad
+of it to this day.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VII.
+
+WHAT A BERLIN CHILD ENJOYED ON THE SPREE AND AT HIS GRANDMOTHER'S
+IN DRESDEN.
+
+In the summer we were all frequently taken to the new Zoological Garden,
+where we were especially delighted with the drollery of the monkeys.
+Even then I felt a certain pity for the deer and does in confinement,
+and for the wild beasts in their cages, and this so grew upon me that
+many a visit to a zoological garden has been spoiled by it.  Once in
+Keilhau I caught a fawn in the wood and was delighted with my beautiful
+prize.  I meant to bring it up with our rabbits, and had already carried
+it quite a distance, when suddenly I began to be sorry for it, and
+thought how its mother would grieve, upon which I took it back to the
+spot where I had found it and returned to the institution as fast as I
+could, but said nothing at first about my "stupidity," for I was ashamed
+of it.
+
+Excursions into the country were the most delightful pleasures of the
+summer.  The shorter ones took us to the suburbs of the capital, and
+sometimes to Charlottenburg, where several of our acquaintances lived,
+and our guardian, Alexander Mendelssohn, had a country house with a
+beautiful garden, where there was never any lack of the owner's children
+and grandchildren for playmates.  Sometimes we were allowed to go there
+with other boys.  We then had a few Groschen to get something at a
+restaurant, and were generally brought home in a Kremser carriage.  These
+carriages were to be found in a long row by the wall outside of the
+Brandenburg Gate or at the Palace in Charlottenburg or by the "Turkish
+tent"--for at that time there were no omnibuses running to the decidedly
+rural neighbouring city.  Even when the carriages were arranged to carry
+ten or twelve persons there was but one horse, and it was these
+Rosinantes which probably gave rise to the following rhyme:
+
+                   "A Spandau wind,
+                    A child of Berlin,
+                    A Charlottenburg horse,
+                    Are all not worth a pin."
+
+The Berlin children were, on the whole, better than their reputation, but
+not so the Charlottenburg horses.  The Kremser carriages were named from
+the man who owned most of them.  The business was carried on by an
+association.  A single individual rarely hired one; either a family took
+possession of it, or you got in and waited patiently till enough persons
+had collected for the driver to think it worth while to take his whip and
+say, "Well, get up!"
+
+But this same Herr Kremser also had nice carriages for excursions into
+the country, drawn by two or four horses, as might be required.  For the
+four-horse Kremser chariots there was even a driver in jockey costume,
+who rode the saddle-horse.
+
+Other excursions took us to the beautiful Humboldt's Tegel, to the Muggel
+and Schlachten Lakes, to Franzosisch Buchholz, Treptow, and Stralau.  We
+were, unfortunately, never allowed to attend the celebrated fishing
+festival at Stralau.
+
+But the crowning expedition of all was on our mother's birthday, either
+to the Pichelsbergen, wooded hills mirrored in ponds where fish abounded,
+or to the Pfaueninsel at Potsdam.
+
+The country around Berlin is considered hopelessly ugly, but with great
+injustice.  I have convinced myself since that I do not look back as
+fondly on the Pichelsbergen and the Havelufer at Potsdam, where it was
+granted us to pass such happy hours in the springtime of life, because
+the force of imagination has clothed them with fancied charms.  No, these
+places have indeed a singularly peaceful attractiveness, and if I prefer
+them, as a child of the century, to real mountains, there was a time when
+the artist's eye would have given them the preference over the grand
+landscapes of the Alpine world.
+
+At the beginning of the last century the latter were considered
+repelling.  They oppressed the soul by their immensity.  No painter then
+undertook to depict giant mountains with eternal snow upon summits which
+towered above the clouds.  A Salvator Rosa or Poussin, or even the great
+Ruysdael, would have preferred to set up his easel at the Pichelsbergen
+or in the country about Potsdam, rather than at the foot of Mont Blanc,
+the Kunigssee, or the Eibsee, in which the rocks of the Zugspitze--my
+vis-a-vis at Tutzingen--are magnificently reflected.
+
+There is nothing more beautiful than the moderate, finely rounded heights
+at these peaceful spots rich in vegetation and in water, when gilded by
+the fading light of a lovely summer evening or illumined by the rosy
+tinge of the afterglow.  Many of our later German painters have learned
+to value the charm of such a subject, while of our writers Fontane has
+seized and very happily rendered all their witchery.  At my brother
+Ludo's manorhouse on the banks of the Dahme, at his place Dolgenbrodt, in
+Mark Brandenburg, Fontane experienced all the attraction of the plain,
+which I have never felt more deeply than in that very spot and on a
+certain evening at Potsdam when the bells of the little church of Sakrow
+seemed to bid farewell to the sinking sun and invite him to return.
+
+In the East I have seen the day-star set more brilliantly, but never met
+with a more harmonious and lovely splendour of colour than on summer
+evenings in the Mark, except in Holland on the shore of the North Sea.
+
+Can I ever forget those festal days when, after saying our little
+congratulatory verses to our mother, and admiring her birthday table,
+which her friends always loaded with flowers, we awaited the carriages
+that were to take us into the country?  Besides a great excursion wagon,
+there were generally some other coaches which conveyed us and the
+families of our nearest friends on our jaunt.
+
+How the young faces beamed, and how happy the old ones looked, and what
+big baskets there were full of good things beside the coachman and behind
+the carriage!
+
+We were soon out of the city, and the birds by the wayside could not have
+twittered and sung in May more gaily than we during these drives.
+
+Once we let the horses rest, and took luncheon at Stimming near the
+Wannsee, where Heinrich von Kleist with the beloved of his heart put an
+end to his sad life.  Before we stopped we met a troop of travelling
+journeymen, and our mother, in the gratitude of her heart, threw them a
+thaler, and said "Drink to my happiness; to-day is my birthday."
+
+When we had rested and gone on quite a distance we found the journeymen
+ranged beside the road, and as they threw into the carriage an immense
+bouquet of field flowers which they had gathered, one of them exclaimed:
+"Long live the birthday-child!  And health and happiness to the
+beautiful, kind lady!"  The others, and we, too, joined with all our
+might in a "Hurrah!"
+
+We felt like pagan Romans, who on starting out had perceived the happiest
+omens in earth and sky.
+
+And at the Pfaueninsel!
+
+Frau Friedrich, the wife of the man in charge of the fountains, kept a
+neat inn, in which, however, she by no means dished up to all persons
+what they would like.  But our mother knew her through Lenne, by whom her
+husband was employed, and she took good care of us.  How attractive to us
+children was the choice yet large collection she possessed!  Most of the
+members of the royal house had often been her guests, and had increased
+it to a little museum which contained countless milk and cream jugs of
+every sort and metal, even the most precious, and of porcelain and glass
+of every age.  Many would have been rare and welcome ornaments to any
+trades-museum.  Our mother had contributed a remarkably handsome Japanese
+jug which her brother had sent her.
+
+After the banquet we young ones ran races, while the older people rested
+till coffee and punch were served.  Whether dancing was allowed at the
+Pfaueninsel I no longer remember, but at the Pichelsbergen it certainly
+was, and there were even three musicians to play.
+
+And how delightful it was in the wood; how pleasant the rowing on the
+water, during which, when the joy of existence was at its height, the
+saddest songs were sung!  Oh, I could relate a hundred things of those
+birthdays in the country, but I have completely forgotten how we got
+home.  I only know that we waked the next morning full of happy
+recollections.
+
+In the summer holidays we often took journeys--generally to Dresden,
+where our father's mother with her daughter, our aunt Sophie, had gone to
+live, the latter having married Baron Adolf von Brandenstein, an officer
+in the Saxon Guard, who, after laying aside the bearskin cap and red
+coat, the becoming uniform of that time, was at the head of the Dresden
+post office.
+
+I remember these visits with pleasure, and the days when our grandmother
+and aunt came to Berlin.  I was fond of both of them, especially my
+lively aunt, who was always ready for a joke, and my affection was
+returned.  But these, our nearest relatives, in early childhood only
+passed through our lives like brilliant meteors; the visits we exchanged
+lasted only a few days; and when they came to Berlin, in spite of my
+mother's pressing invitations, they never stayed at our house, but in
+a hotel.  I cannot imagine, either, that our grandmother would ever have
+consented to visit any one.  There was a peculiar exclusiveness about
+her, I might almost say a cool reserve, which, although proofs of her
+cordial love were not wanting, prevented her from caressing us or playing
+with us as grandmothers do.  She belonged to another age, and our mother
+taught us, when greeting her, to kiss her little white hand, which was
+always covered up to the fingers with waving lace, and to treat her with
+the utmost deference.  There was an air of aristocratic quiet in her
+surroundings which caused a feeling of constraint.  I can still see the
+suite of spacious rooms she occupied, where silence reigned except when
+Coco, the parrot, raised his shrill voice.  Her companion, Fraulein
+Raffius, always lowered her voice in her presence, though when out
+of it she could play with us very merrily.  The elderly servant, who,
+singularly enough, was of noble family--his real name was Von Wurmkessel
+--did his duty as noiselessly as a shadow.  Then there was a faint
+perfume of mignonette in most of the rooms, which makes me think of them
+whenever I see the pretty flower, for, as is well known, smell is the
+most powerful of all the senses in awakening memory.
+
+I never sat in my grandmother's lap.  When we wished to talk with her we
+had to sit beside her; and if we kept still she would question us
+searchingly about everything--our play, our friends, our school.
+
+This silence, which always struck us children at first with astonishment,
+was interrupted very gaily by our aunt, whose liveliness broke in upon it
+like the sound of a horn amid the stillness of a forest.  Her cheerful
+voice was audible even in the hall, and when she crossed the threshold we
+flew to her, and the spell was broken.  For she, the only daughter, put
+no restraint on herself in the reserved presence of her mother.  She
+kissed her boisterously, asked how she was, as if she were the mother,
+the other the child.  Indeed, she took the liberty sometimes of calling
+the old lady "Henrietta"--that was her name--or even "Hetty."  Then, when
+grandmother pointed to us and exclaimed reproachfully, "Why, Sophie!"
+our aunt could always disarm her with gay jests.
+
+Though the two were generally at a distance, their existence made itself
+felt again and again either through letters or presents or by their
+coming to Berlin, which always brought holidays for us.
+
+These journeys were accomplished under difficulties.  Our aunt had always
+used an open carriage, and was really convinced that she would stifle in
+a closed railway compartment.  But as she would not forego the benefit of
+rapid transit, our grandmother was obliged, even after her daughter's
+marriage, to hire an open truck for her, on which, with her faithful maid
+Minna, and one of her dogs, or sometimes with her husband or a friend as
+a companion, she established herself comfortably in an armchair of her
+own, with various other conveniences about her.  The railway officials
+knew her, and no doubt shrugged their shoulders, but the warmheartedness
+shining in her eyes and her unvarying cheerfulness carried everything
+before them, so that her eccentricity was readily overlooked.  And she
+had plenty of similar caprices.  I was visiting her once in the Christmas
+holidays, when I was a schoolboy in the upper class, and we had retired
+for the night.  At one o'clock my aunt suddenly appeared at my bedside,
+waked me, and told me to get up.  The first snow had fallen, and she had
+had the horses harnessed for us to go sleighing, which she particularly
+enjoyed.
+
+Resistance was useless, and the swift flight over the snow by moonlight
+proved to be very enjoyable.  Between four and five o'clock in the
+morning we were at home again.
+
+Winter brought many other amusements.  I remember with particular
+pleasure the Christmas fair, which now, as I learn to my regret, is no
+longer held.  And yet, what a source of delight it once was to children!
+What rich food it offered to their minds!  The Christmas trees and
+pyramids at the Stechbahn, the various wares, the gingerbread and toys in
+the booths, offered by no means the greatest charm.  A still stronger
+attraction were the boys with the humming "baboons," the rattles and
+flags, for from them purchases had always to be made, with jokes thrown
+into the bargain--bad ones, which are invariably the most amusing; and
+what a pleasure it was to twirl the "baboon" with one's own little hand,
+and, if the hand got cold during the process, one did not feel it, for it
+seemed like midsummer with a swarm of flies buzzing about one!
+
+But most enjoyable of all was probably the throng of people, great and
+small, and all there was to hear and see among them and to answer.  It
+seemed as if the Christmas joy of the city was concentrated there, and
+filled the not over-clear atmosphere like the pungent odour of Christmas
+trees.
+
+Put there were other things to experience as well as mere gaiety--the
+pale child in the corner, with its little bare feet, holding in its cold,
+red hands the six little sheep of snow-white wool on a tiny green board;
+and that other yonder, with the little man made of prunes spitted on tiny
+sticks.
+
+How small and pale the child is!  And how eloquently the blue eyes invite
+a purchaser, for it is only with looks that the wares are extolled!  I
+still see them both before me!  The threepenny pieces they get are to
+help their starving mother to heat the attic room in those winter days
+which, cold though they are, may warm the heart.  Looking at them our
+mother told us how hunger hurts, and how painful want and misery are to
+bear, and we never left the Christmas fair without buying a few sheep or
+a prune man, though all we could do with them was to give them away
+again.  When I wrote my fairy-tale, The Nuts, I had the Christmas fair at
+Berlin in my mind's eye, and I seemed to see the wretched little girl
+who, among all the happy folk, had found nothing but cold, pain, anguish,
+and a handful of nuts, and who afterward fared so happily--not, indeed,
+among men, but with the most beautiful angels in heaven.
+
+Why are the Berlin children defrauded of this bright and innocent
+pleasure, and their hearts denied the practice of exercising charity?
+
+Turning my thoughts backward, it seems to me as if almost too much beauty
+and pleasure were crowded together at Christmas, richly provided with
+presents as we were besides, for over and above the Christmas fair there
+was Kroll's Christmas exhibition, where clever heads and skilful hands
+transformed a series of great halls, at one time into the domain of
+winter, at another into the kingdom of the fairies.  There was nothing to
+do but look.
+
+Imagination came to a standstill, for what could it add to these wonders?
+Yet the fairyland of which Ludo and I had dreamed was more beautiful and
+more real than this palpable magnificence of tin and pasteboard; which
+is, perhaps, one reason why the overexcited imagination of a city child
+shrinks back and tries to find in reality what a boy brought up in the
+quiet of the country can conjure up before his mind himself.
+
+Then, too, there were delightful sights in the Gropius panorama and
+Fuchs's confectioner's shop--in the one place entertaining things, in the
+other instructive.  At the panorama half the world was spread out before
+us in splendid pictures, so presented and exhibited as to give the most
+vivid impression of reality.
+
+From the letters of our mother's brothers, who were Dutch officials in
+Java and Japan, as well as from books of travel which had been read to
+us, we had already heard much of the wonders of the Orient; and at the
+Gropius panorama the inner call that I had often seemed to hear--"Away!
+to the East"--only grew the stronger.  It has never been wholly silent
+since, but at that time I formed the resolution to sail around the world,
+or--probably from reading some book--to be a noble pirate.  Nor should I
+have been dissatisfied with the fate of Robinson Crusoe.  The Christmas
+exhibition at Fuchs's, Unter den Linden, was merely entertaining--Berlin
+jokes in pictures mainly of a political or satirical order.  Most
+distinctly of all I remember the sentimental lady of rank who orders her
+servant to catch a fly on a tea-tray and put it carefully out of the
+window.  The obedient Thomas gets hold of the insect, takes it to the
+window, and with the remark, "Your ladyship, it is pouring, the poor
+thing might take cold," brings it back again to the tea-tray.
+
+There was plenty of such entertainment in winter, and we had our part in
+much of it.  Rellstab, the well-known editor of Voss's journal, made a
+clever collection of such jokes in his Christmas Wanderings.  We could
+read, and whatever was offered by that literary St. Nicholas and highly
+respected musical critic for cultivated Berlin our mother was quite
+willing we should enjoy.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VIII.
+
+THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD
+
+BEFORE THE REVOLUTION
+
+On the 18th of March, the day of the fighting in the streets of Berlin,
+we had been living for a year in the large suite of apartments at No. 7
+Linkstrasse.
+
+Of those who inhabited the same house with us I remember only the
+sculptor Streichenberg, whose studio was next to our pretty garden, and
+the Beyers, a married couple.  He, later a general and commander of the
+troops besieging Strasburg in 1870, was at that time a first lieutenant.
+She was a refined, extremely amiable, and very musical woman, who had met
+our mother before, and now entered into the friendliest relations with
+her.
+
+A guest of their quiet household, a little Danish girl, one of Fran
+Beyer's relatives, shared our play in the garden, and worked with us at
+the flower beds which had been placed in our charge.  I remember how
+perfectly charming I thought her, and that her name was Detta Lvsenor.
+
+All the details of our intercourse with her and other new acquaintances
+who played with us in the garden have vanished from my memory, for the
+occurrences of that time are thrown into shadow by the public events and
+political excitement around us.  Even children could not remain untouched
+by what was impending, for all that we saw or heard referred to it and,
+in our household, views violently opposed to each other, with the
+exception of extreme republicanism, were freely discussed.
+
+The majority of our conservative acquaintances were loud in complaint,
+and bewailed the king's weakness, and the religious corruption and
+hypocritical aspirations which were aroused by the honest, but romantic
+and fanatical religious zeal of Frederick William IV.
+
+I must have heard the loudest lamentations concerning this cancer of
+society at this time, for they are the most deeply imprinted in my
+memory.  Even such men as the Gepperts, Franz Kugler, H. M. Romberg,
+Drake, Wilcke, and others, with whose moderate political views I became
+acquainted later, used to join us.  Loyal they all were, and our mother
+was so strongly attached to the house of Hohenzollern that I heard her
+request one of the younger men, when he sharply declared it was time to
+force the king to abdicate, either to moderate his speech or cease to
+visit her house.
+
+Our mother could not prevent, however, similar and worse speeches from
+coming to our ears.
+
+A particularly deep impression was made upon us by a tall man with a big
+blond beard, whose name I have forgotten, but whom we generally met at
+the sculptor Streichenberg's when he took us with him in our play hours
+into his great workshop.  This man appeared to be in very good
+circumstances, for he always wore patent-leather boots, and a large
+diamond ring on his finger; but with his vivacious, even passionate
+temperament, he trampled in the dust the things I had always revered.
+I hung on his lips when he talked of the rights of the people, and of his
+own vocation to break the way for freedom, or when he anathematized those
+who oppressed a noble nation with the odious yoke of slavery.
+
+Catch phrases, like "hanging the last king with the guts of the last
+priest," I heard for the first time from him, and although such speeches
+did not please me, they made an impression because they awakened so much
+surprise, and more than once he called upon us to be true sons of our
+time and not a tyrant's bondmen.  We heard similar remarks elsewhere in a
+more moderate form, and from our companions at school in boyish language.
+
+There were two parties there also, but besides loyalty another sentiment
+flourished which would now be called chauvinism, yet which possessed a
+noble influence, since it fostered in our hearts that most beautiful
+flower of the young mind, enthusiasm for a great cause.
+
+And during the history lessons on Brandenburg-Prussia our cheeks would
+glow, for what German state could boast a grander, prouder history than
+Prussia under the Hohenzollerns, rising by ability, faithfulness to duty,
+courage, and self-sacrificing love of country from small beginnings to
+the highest power?
+
+The Liebe school had been attended only by children of good families,
+while in the Schmidt school a Count Waldersee and Hoym, the son of a
+capmaker and dealer in eatables, sat together on the same bench.  The
+most diverse tendencies were represented, and all sorts of satirical
+songs and lampoons found their way to us.  Such parodies as this in the
+Song of Prussia we could understand very well:
+
+              "I am a Prussian, my colours you know,
+               From darkness to light they boldly go;
+               But that for Freedom my fathers died,
+               Is a fact which I have not yet descried."
+
+Nor did more delicate allusions escape us; for who had not heard, for
+instance, of the Friends of Light, who played a part among the Berlin
+liberals?  To whose ears had not come some longing cry for freedom, and
+especially freedom of the press?
+
+And though that ever-recurring word Pressfreiheit (freedom of the press)
+was altered by the wags for us boys into Fressfreiheit (liberty to stuff
+yourself); though, too, it was condemned in conservative circles as a
+dangerous demand, threatening the peace of the family and opening the
+door to unbridled license among writers for the papers, still we had
+heard the other side of the question; that the right freely to express
+an opinion belonged to every citizen, and that only through the power
+of free speech could the way be cleared for a better condition of things.
+In short, there was no catchword of that stormy period which we ten and
+twelve-year-old boys could not have interpreted at least superficially.
+
+To me it seemed a fine thing to be able to say what one thought right,
+still I could not understand why such great importance should be
+attributed to freedom of the press.  The father of our friend Bardua was
+entitled a counsellor of the Supreme Court, but then he had also filled
+the office of a censor, and what a nice, bright boy his son was!
+
+Among our comrades was also the son of Prof. Hengstenberg, who was the
+head of the pietists and Protestant zealots, whom we had heard mentioned
+as the darkest of all obscurants, and his influence over the king
+execrated.  By the central flight of steps at the little terrace in front
+of the royal palace stood the fine statues of the horse-tamers, and the
+steps were called Hengstenberg (Hengste, horses, and Berg, mountain).
+And this name was explained by the circumstance that whoever would
+approach the king must do so by the way of "Hengstenberg."
+
+We knew that quip, too, and yet the son of this mischievous enemy of
+progress was a particularly fine, bright boy, whom we all liked, and
+whose father, when I saw him, astonished me, for he was a kindly man
+and could laugh as cheerfully as anybody.
+
+It was all very difficult to understand; and, as we had more friends
+among the conservatives than among the democrats, we played usually with
+the former, and troubled ourselves very little about the politics of our
+friends' fathers.  There was, however, some looking askance at each
+other, and cries of "Loyal Legioner!" "Pietist!" "Democrat!" "Friend of
+Light!" were not wanting.
+
+As often happens in the course of history, uncomprehended or only half-
+comprehended catchwords serve as a banner around which a great following
+collects.
+
+The parties did not come to blows, probably for the sole reason that we
+conservatives were by far the stronger.  Yet there was a fermentation
+among us, and a day came when, young as I was, I felt that those who
+called the king weak and wished for a change were in the right.
+
+In the spring of 1847 every one felt as if standing on a volcano.
+
+When, in 1844, it was reported that Burgomaster Tschech had fired at
+the king--I was then seven years old--we children shared the horror and
+indignation of our mother, although in the face of such a serious event
+we boys joined in the silly song which was then in everybody's mouth, and
+which began somewhat in this fashion:
+
+              "Was there ever a man so insolent
+               As Tschech, the mayor, on mischief bent?"
+
+What did we not hear at that time about all the hopes that had been
+placed on the crown-prince, and how ill he had fulfilled them as king!
+How often I listened quietly in some corner while my mother discussed
+such topics with gentlemen, and from the beginning of the year 1847 there
+was hardly a conversation in Berlin which did not sooner or later touch
+upon politics and the general discontent or anxiety.  But I had no need
+to listen in order to hear such things.  On every walk we took they were
+forced upon our ears; the air was full of them, the very stones repeated
+them.
+
+Even we boys had heard of Johann Jacoby's "Four Questions," which
+declared a constitution a necessity.
+
+I have not forgotten the indignation called forth, even among our
+acquaintances of moderate views, by Hassenpflug's promotion; and if his
+name had never come to my ears at home, the comic papers, caricatures,
+and the talk everywhere would have acquainted me with the feelings
+awakened among the people of Berlin by the favour he enjoyed.  And added
+to this were a thousand little features, anecdotes, and events which all
+pointed to the universal discontent.
+
+The wars for freedom lay far behind us.  How much had been promised to
+the people when the foreign foe was to be driven out, and how little
+had been granted!  After the July revolution of 1830, many German states
+had obtained a constitution, while in Prussia not only did everything
+remain in the same condition, but the shameful time of the spying by the
+agitators had begun, when so many young men who had deserved well of
+their country, like Ernst Moriz, Arndt, and Jahn, distinguished and
+honourable scholars like Welcker, suffered severely under these odious
+persecutions.  One must have read the biography of the honest and
+laborious Germanist Wackernagel to be able to credit the fact that that
+quiet searcher after knowledge was pursued far into middle life by the
+most bitter persecution and rancorous injuries, because as a schoolboy--
+whether in the third or fourth class I do not know--he had written a
+letter in which was set forth some new division, thought out in his
+childish brain, for the united German Empire of which he dreamed.
+
+Such men as Kamptz and Dambach kept their places by casting suspicion
+upon others and condemning them, but they little dreamed when they
+summoned before their execrable tribunal the insignificant student Fritz
+Reuter, of Mecklenburg, how he would brand their system and their names.
+Most of these youths who had been plunged into misery by such rascally
+abuse of office and the shameful way in which a king naturally anything
+but malignant, was misled and deceived, were either dead and gone, or had
+been released from prison as mature men.  What hatred must have filled
+their souls for that form of government which had dared thus to punish
+their pure enthusiasm for a sacred cause--the unity and well-earned
+freedom of their native land!  Ah, there were dangerous forces to subdue
+among those grey-haired martyrs, for it was their fiery spirit and high
+hearts which had brought them to ruin.
+
+Those who had been disappointed in the results of the war for liberty,
+and those who had suffered in the demagogue period, had ventured to hope
+once more when the much-extolled crown-prince, Frederick William IV,
+mounted the throne.  What disappointment was in store for them; what new
+suffering was laid upon them when, instead of the rosy dawn of freedom
+which they fancied they had seen, a deeper darkness and a more reckless
+oppression set in!  What they had taken for larks announcing the breaking
+of a brighter day turned out to be bats and similar vermin of the night.
+In the state the exercise of a boundless arbitrary power; in the Church,
+dark intolerance; and, in its train, slavish submission, favour-seeking,
+rolling up of the eyes, and hypocrisy as means to unworthy ends, and
+especially to that of speedy promotion--the deepest corruption of all--
+that of the soul.
+
+What naturally followed caused the loyalists the keenest pain, for the
+injury done to the strong monarchical feeling of the Prussian people in
+the person and the conduct of Frederick William IV was not to be
+estimated.  Only the simple heroic greatness and the paternal dignity
+of an Emperor William could have repaired it.
+
+In the year preceding the revolution there had been a bad harvest, and
+frightful stories were told of famine in the weaving districts of
+Silesia.  Even before Virchow, in his free-spoken work on the famine-
+typhus, had faithfully described the full misery of those wretched
+sufferers, it had become apparent to the rulers in Berlin that something
+must be done to relieve the public distress.
+
+The king now began to realize distinctly the universal discontent, and
+in order to meet it and still further demands he summoned the General
+Assembly.
+
+I remember distinctly how fine our mother thought the speech with which
+he opened that precursor of the Prussian Chambers, and the address showed
+him in fact to be an excellent orator.
+
+To him, believing as he did with the most complete conviction in
+royalty by the grace of God and in his calling by higher powers, any
+relinquishing of his prerogative would seem like a betrayal of his divine
+mission.  The expression he uttered in the Assembly in the course of his
+speech--"I and my people will serve the Lord"--came from the very depths
+of his heart; and nothing could be more sincerely meant than the remark,
+"From one weakness I know myself to be absolutely free: I do not strive
+for vain public favour.  My only effort is to do my duty to the best of
+my knowledge and according to my conscience, and to deserve the gratitude
+of my people, though it should be denied me."
+
+The last words have a foreboding sound, and prove what is indeed evident
+from many other expressions--that he had begun to experience in his own
+person the truth of the remark he had made when full of hope, and hailed
+with joyful anticipations at his coronation--"The path of a king is full
+of sorrow, unless his people stand by him with loyal heart and mind."
+
+His people did not do that, and it was well for them; for the path
+indicated by the royal hand would have led them to darkness and to the
+indignity of ever-increasing bondage, mental and temporal.
+
+The prince himself is entitled to the deepest sympathy.  He wished to do
+right, and was endowed with great and noble gifts which would have done
+honour to a private individual, but could not suffice for the ruler of a
+powerful state in difficult times.
+
+Hardly had the king opened the General Assembly in April, 1848, and, for
+the relief of distress among the poorer classes in the capital, repealed
+the town dues on corn, when the first actual evidences of discontent
+broke out.  The town tax was so strictly enforced at that time at all
+the gates of Berlin that even hacks entering the city were stopped and
+searched for provisions of meat or bread--a search which was usually
+conducted in a cursory and courteous manner.
+
+In my sister Paula's journal I have an almost daily account of that
+period, with frequent reference to political events, but it is not my
+task to write a history of the Berlin revolution.
+
+Those of my sister's records which refer to the revolutionary period
+begin with a mention of the so-called potato revolution, which occurred
+ten days after the opening of the General Assembly, though it had no
+connection with it.
+
+     [Excessive prices had been asked for a peck of potatoes, which
+     enraged the purchasers, who threw them into the gutter and laid
+     hands on some of the market-women.  The assembled crowd then
+     plundered some bakers' and butchers' shops, and was finally
+     dispersed by the military.  A certain Herr Winckler is said
+     to have lost his life.  Many windows were broken, etc.]
+
+This riot took place on the 21st of April, and on the 2d of May Paula
+alludes to a performance at the opera-house, which Ludo and I attended.
+It was the last appearance of Fran Viardot Garcia as Iphigenia, but I
+fear Paula is right in saying that the great singer did her best for an
+ungrateful public, for the attention of the audience was directed chiefly
+to the king and queen.  The latter appeared in the theatre for the first
+time since a severe illness, the enthusiasm was great, and there was no
+end to the cries of "Long live the king and queen!" which were repeated
+between every act.
+
+I relate the circumstance to show with what a devoted and faithful
+affection the people of Berlin still clung to the royal pair.  On the
+other hand, their regard for the Prince of Prussia, afterward Emperor
+William, was already shaken.  He who alone remained firm when all about
+the king were wavering, was regarded as the embodiment of military rule,
+against which a violent opposition was rising.
+
+Our mother was even then devoted to him with a reverence which bordered
+upon affection, and we children with her.
+
+We felt more familiar with him, too; than with any other members of the
+ruling house, for Fraulein Lamperi, who was in a measure like one of our
+own family, was always relating the most attractive stories about him and
+his noble spouse, whose waiting-woman she had been.
+
+Of Frederick William IV it was generally jokes that were told, some of
+them very witty ones.  We once came in contact with him in a singular
+way.
+
+Our old cook, Frau Marx, who called herself "the Marxen," was nearly
+blind, and wished to enter an institution, for which it was necessary to
+have his Majesty's consent.  Many years before, when she was living in a
+count's family, she had taught the king, as a young prince, to churn, and
+on the strength of this a petition was drawn up for her by my family.
+This she handed into the king's carriage, in the palace court-yard, and
+to his question who she was, she replied,  "Why, I'm old Marxen, and your
+Majesty is my last retreat."  This speech was repeated to my mother by
+the adjutant who came to inquire about the petitioner, and he assured her
+that his Majesty had been greatly amused by the old woman's singular
+choice of words, and had repeated it several times to persons about him.
+Her wish was fulfilled at once.
+
+The memory of those March days of 1848 is impressed on my soul in
+ineffaceable characters.  More beautiful weather I never knew.  It seemed
+as if May had taken the place of its stormy predecessor.  From the 13th
+the sun shone constantly from a cloudless sky, and on the 18th the fruit-
+trees in our garden were in full bloom.  Whoever was not kept in the
+house by duty or sickness was eager to be out.  The public gardens were
+filled by afternoon, and whoever wanted to address the people had no need
+to call an audience together.  Whatever rancour, indignation, discontent,
+and sorrow had lurked under ground now came forth, and the buds of
+longing and joyful expectation hourly unfolded in greater strength and
+fuller bloom.
+
+The news of the Paris revolution, whose confirmation had reached Berlin
+in the last few days of February, had caused all this growth and
+blossoming like sunshine and warm rain.  There was no repressing it, and
+the authorities felt daily more and more that their old measures of
+restraint were failing.
+
+The accounts from Paris were accompanied by report after report from the
+rest of Germany, shaking the old structure of absolutism like the
+repeated shocks of a battering-ram.
+
+Freedom of the press was not yet granted, but tongues had begun to move
+freely-indeed, often without any restraint.  As early as the 7th of
+March, and in bad weather, too, meetings began to be held in tents.  As
+soon as the fine spring days came we found great crowds listening to
+bearded orators, who told them of the revolution in Paris and of the
+addresses to the king--how they had passed hither and thither, and how
+they had been received.  They had all contained very much the same
+demands--freedom of the press, representatives of the people to be chosen
+by free election, all religious confessions to be placed on an equal
+footing in the exercise of political rights, and representation of the
+people in the German Confederacy.
+
+These demands were discussed with fiery zeal, and the royal promise, just
+given, of calling together the Assembly again and issuing a law on the
+press, after the Confederate Diet should have been moved to a similar
+measure, was condemned in strong terms as an insufficient and half-way
+procedure--a payment on account, in order to gain time.
+
+On the 15th the particulars of the Vienna revolution and Metternich's
+flight reached Berlin; and we, too, learned the news, and heard our
+mother and her friends asking anxiously, "How will this end?"
+
+Unspeakable excitement had taken possession of young and old--at home,
+in the street, and at school--for blood had already flowed in the city.
+On the 13th, cavalry had dispersed a crowd in the vicinity of the palace,
+and the same thing was repeated on the two following days.  Fortunately,
+few were injured; but rumour, ever ready to increase and enhance the
+horrible desire of many fanatics to stir up the fire of discontent, had
+conspired to make wounded men dead ones, and slight injuries severe.
+
+These exaggerations ran through the city, arousing indignation; and the
+correspondents of foreign papers, knowing that readers often like best
+what is most incredible, had sent the accounts to the provinces and
+foreign countries.
+
+But blood had flowed.  Hatred of the soldiery, to which, however, some
+among the insurgents had once been proud to belong, grew with fateful
+rapidity, and was still further inflamed by those who saw in the military
+the brazen wall that stood between them and the fulfillment of their most
+ardent wishes.
+
+A spark might spring the open and overcharged mine into the air; an ill-
+chosen or misunderstood expression, a thoughtless act, might bring about
+an explosion.
+
+The greatest danger threatened from fresh conflicts between the army and
+the people, and it was to the fear of this that various young or elderly
+gentlemen owed their office of going about wherever a crowd was assembled
+and urging the populace to keep the peace.  They were distinguished
+by a white band around the arm bearing the words, "Commissioner of
+Protection," and a white rod a foot and a half long designed to awaken
+the respect accorded by the English to their constables.  We recognized
+many well-known men; but the Berlin populace, called by Goethe insolent,
+is not easily impressed, and we saw constables surrounded by street boys
+like an owl with a train of little birds fluttering teasingly around it.
+Even grown persons called them nicknames and jeered at their sticks,
+which they styled "cues" and "tooth-picks."
+
+A large number of students, too, had expressed their readiness to join
+this protective commission, either as constables or deputies, and had
+received the wand and band at the City Hall.
+
+How painful the exercise of their vocation was made to them it would be
+difficult to describe.  News from Austria and South Germany, where the
+people's cause seemed to be advancing with giant strides to the desired
+goal, hourly increased the offensive strength of the excited populace.
+
+On the afternoon of the 16th the Potsdam Platz, only a few hundred steps
+from our house, was filled with shouting and listening throngs, crowded
+around the sculptor Streichenberg, his blond-bearded friend, and other
+violently gesticulating leaders.  This multitude received constant
+reenforcements from the city and through Bellevuestrasse.  On the left,
+at the end of the beautiful street with its rows of budding chestnut-
+trees, lay "Kemperhof," a pleasure resort where we had often listened to
+the music of a band clad in green hunting costume.  Many must have come
+thence, for I find that on the 16th an assemblage was held there from
+which grew the far more important one on the morning of the 17th, with
+its decisive conclusion in Kopenickerstrasse.
+
+At this meeting, on the afternoon of the 17th, it was decided to set on
+foot a peaceful manifestation of the wishes of the people, and a new
+address to the king was drawn up.  It was settled that on the 28th of
+March, at two o'clock, thousands of citizens with the badges of the
+protective commission should appear before the palace and send in a
+deputation to his Majesty with a document which should clearly convey
+the principal requirements of the people.
+
+What they were to represent to the king as urgently necessary was: The
+withdrawal of the military force, the organization of an armed citizen
+guard, the granting of an unconditional freedom of the press, which had
+been promised for a lifetime, and the calling of the General Assembly.
+I shall return to the address later.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IX.
+
+THE EIGHTEENTH OF MARCH.
+
+THE 17th passed so quietly that hopes of a peaceable outcome of the
+fateful conflict began to awake.  My own recollections confirm this.
+
+People believed so positively that the difficulty would be adjusted,
+that in the forenoon of the 18th my mother sent my eldest sister Martha
+to her drawing-lesson, which was given at General Baeyer's, in the
+Friedrichstrasse.
+
+Ludo and I went to school, and when it was over the many joyful faces in
+the street confirmed what we had heard during the school hours.
+
+The king had granted the Constitution and the "freedom of the press."
+
+Crowds were collected in front of the placards which announced this fact,
+but there was no need to force our way through; their contents were read
+aloud at every corner and fountain.
+
+One passer-by repeated it to another, and friend shouted to friend across
+the street.  "Have you heard the news?"  was the almost invariable
+question when people accosted one another, and at least one "Thank God!"
+was contained in every conversation.  Two or three older acquaintances
+whom we met charged us, in all haste, to tell our mother; but she had
+heard it already, and her joy was so great that she forgot to scold us
+for staying away so long.  Fraulein Lamperi, on the contrary, who dined
+with us, wept.  She was convinced that the unfortunate king had been
+forced into something which would bring ruin both to him and his
+subjects.  "His poor Majesty!" she sobbed in the midst of our joy.
+
+Our mother loved the king too, but she was a daughter of the free
+Netherlands; two of her brothers and sisters lived in England; and the
+friends she most valued, whom she knew to be warmly and faithfully
+attached to the house of Hohenzollern, thought it high time that the
+Prussian people attained the majority to which that day had brought them.
+Moreover, her active mind knew no rest till it had won a clear insight
+into questions concerning the times and herself.  So she had reached the
+conviction that no peace between king and people could be expected unless
+a constitution was granted.  In Parliament she would have sat on the
+right, but that her adopted country should have a Parliament filled her
+with joyful pride.
+
+Ludo and I were very gay.  It was Saturday, and towards evening we were
+going to a children's ball given by Privy-Councillor Romberg--the
+specialist for nervous diseases--for his daughter Marie, for which new
+blue jackets had been made.
+
+We were eagerly expecting them, and about three o'clock the tailor came.
+
+Our mother was present when he tried them on, and when she remarked
+that now all was well, the man shook his head, and declared that the
+concessions of the forenoon had had no other object than to befool
+the people; that would appear before long.
+
+While I write, it seems as if I saw again that poor little bearer of the
+first evil tidings, and heard once more the first shots which interrupted
+his prophecy with eloquent confirmation.
+
+Our mother turned pale.
+
+The tailor folded up his cloth and hurried away.  What did his words
+mean, and what was the firing outside?
+
+We strained our ears to listen.  The noise seemed to grow louder and
+come nearer; and, just as our mother cried, "For Heaven's sake, Martha!"
+the cook burst into the room, exclaiming, "The row began in the
+Schlossplatz!"
+
+Fraulein Lamperi shrieked, seized her bonnet and cloak, and the pompadour
+which she took with her everywhere, to hurry home as fast as she could.
+
+Our mother could think only of Martha.  She had dined at the Baeyers' and
+was now perhaps on the way home.  Somebody must be sent to meet her.  But
+of what use would be the escort of a maid; and Kurschner was gone, and
+the porter not to be found!
+
+The cook was sent in one direction, the chambermaid in another, to seek a
+male escort for Martha.
+
+And then there was Frau Lieutenant Beyer, our neighbour in the house,
+whose husband was on the general staff, asking: "How is it possible?
+Everything was granted!  What can have happened?"
+
+The answer was a rattle of musketry.  We leaned out of the window, from
+which we could see as far as Potsdamstrasse.  What a rush there was
+towards the gate!  Three or four men dashed down the middle of the quiet
+street.  The tall, bearded fellow at the head we knew well.  It was the
+upholsterer Specht, who had often put up curtains and done similar work
+for us, a good and capable workman.
+
+But what a change!  Instead of a neat little hammer, he was flourishing
+an axe, and he and his companions looked as furious as if they were going
+to revenge some terrible injury.
+
+He caught sight of us, and I remember distinctly the whites of his
+rolling eyes as he raised his axe higher, and shouted hoarsely, and
+as if the threat was meant for us:
+
+"They shall get it!"
+
+Our mother and Frau Beyer had seen and heard him too, and the firing in
+the direction of which the upholsterer and his companions were running
+was very near.
+
+The fight must already be raging in Leipzigerstrasse.
+
+At last the porter came back and announced that barricades had been built
+at the corner of Mauer- and Friedrichstrasse, and that a violent conflict
+had broken out there and in other places between the soldiers and the
+citizens.  And our Martha was in Friedrichstrasse, and did not come.  We
+lived beyond the gate, and it was not to be expected that fighting would
+break out in our neighbourhood; but back of our gardens, in the vicinity
+of the Potsdam railway station, the beating of drums was heard.  The
+firing, however, which became more and more violent, was louder than any
+other noise; and when we saw our mother wild with anxiety, we, too, began
+to be alarmed for our dear, sweet Martha.
+
+It was already dark, and still we waited in vain.
+
+At last some one rang.  Our mother hurried to the door--a thing she never
+did.
+
+When we, too, ran into the hall, she had her arms around the child who
+had incurred such danger, and we little ones kissed her also, and Martha
+looked especially pretty in her happy astonishment at such a reception.
+
+She, too, had been anxious enough while good Heinrich, General Maeyer's
+servant, who had been his faithful comrade in arms from 1813 to 1815,
+brought her home through all sorts of by-ways.  But they had been obliged
+in various places to pass near where the fighting was going on, and the
+tender-hearted seventeen-year-old girl had seen such terrible things that
+she burst into tears as she described them.
+
+For us the worst anxiety was over, and our mother recovered her
+composure.  It was perhaps advisable for her, a defenceless widow, to
+leave the city, which might on the morrow be given over to the unbridled
+will of insurgents or of soldiers intoxicated with victory.  So she
+determined to make all preparations for going with us to our grandmother
+in Dresden.
+
+Meanwhile the fighting in the streets seemed to have increased in certain
+places to a battle, for the crash of the artillery grapeshot was
+constantly intermingled with the crackling of the infantry fire, and
+through it all the bells were sounding the tocsin, a wailing, warning
+sound, which stirred the inmost heart.
+
+It was a fearful din, rattling and thundering and ringing, while the sky
+emulated the bloodsoaked earth and glowed in fiery red.  It was said that
+the royal iron foundry was in flames.
+
+At last the hour of bedtime came, and I still remember how our mother
+told us to pray for the king and those poor people who, in order to
+attain something we could not understand, were in such great peril.
+
+
+
+
+ETEXT EDITOR'S BOOKMARKS:
+
+Child cannot distinguish between what is amusing and what is sad
+Child is naturally egotistical
+Deserve the gratitude of my people, though it should be denied
+Half-comprehended catchwords serve as a banner
+Hanging the last king with the guts of the last priest
+Readers often like best what is most incredible
+Smell most powerful of all the senses in awakening memory
+
+
+
+
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK STORY OF MY LIFE, BY EBERS, V2 ***
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