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diff --git a/old/55754-0.txt b/old/55754-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index fa8e5f4..0000000 --- a/old/55754-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1505 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The O. S. U. Naturalist, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - -Title: The O. S. U. Naturalist - (Vol. I, No. 1) - -Author: Various - -Editor: Various - -Release Date: October 15, 2017 [EBook #55754] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE O. S. U. NATURALIST *** - - - - -Produced by Larry B. Harrison, Barry Abrahamsen and the -Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net -(This book was produced from images made available by the -HathiTrust Digital Library.) - - - - - - - THE O. S. U. - NATURALIST - - PUBLISHED BY - THE BIOLOGICAL CLUB OF THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY - - ------------------------------------ - - - EDITORIAL STAFF - - EDITOR-IN-CHIEF—JOHN H. SCHAFFNER, A. M., M. S. - - ASSOCIATE EDITORS: ADVISORY BOARD: - _Zoology_—F. L. LANDACRE, B. Sc. PROFESSOR W. A. KELLERMAN, Ph. D. - _Botany_—F. J. TYLER, B. Sc. Department of Botany. - _Geology_—J. A. BOWNOCKER, B. Sc. PROFESSOR HERBERT OSBORN, M. Sc. - _Archaeology_—W. C. MILLS, B. Sc. Department of Zoology. - _Ornithology_—R. F. GRIGGS. PROFESSOR J. A. BOWNOCKER, D. Sc. - Department of Geology. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - Volume 1 November, 1900 Number 1 - - - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - COLUMBUS, OHIO - _PRESS OF HANN & ADAIR_ - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - -[Sidenote: _THE O. S. U. NATURALIST_] A journal devoted more especially -to the natural history of Ohio. The official organ of THE BIOLOGICAL -CLUB OF THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY. Published monthly during the academic -year, from November to June (8 numbers). Price 50 cents per year, -payable in advance. To foreign countries, 75 cents. Single copies 10 -cents. - - JOHN H. SCHAFFNER, _Editor_. - F. J. TYLER, _Subscriptions_. - R. F. GRIGGS, _Advertising Agent_. - - _Address_ - - THE O. S. U. NATURALIST, Ohio State University, - - COLUMBUS, OHIO. - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - CONTENTS - - Announcement - - An Ohio Station for Ampelopsis Cordata - _W. A. Kellerman_ - - The Baum Prehistoric Village site - _W. C. Mills_ - - A Foliicolous Form of Sorghum Smut and Notes on Infection Experiments - _W. A. Kellerman_ - - A List of Hemiptera Collected in the Vicinity of Bellaire, O. - _Herbert Osborn_ - - Additions and Corrections to the “Odonata of Ohio.” - _James S. Hine_ - - Dragonflies Taken in a Week - _R. C. Osburn and J. S. Hine_ - - Additions to the Ohio Flora - - Collecting and Preserving Microscopic Plants - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - _The_ - _O. S. U. Naturalist_ - - PUBLISHED BY - THE BIOLOGICAL CLUB OF THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- - - Vol. 1. NOVEMBER, 1900. No. 1. - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - ANNOUNCEMENT. - -In presenting THE O. S. U. NATURALIST to the public, a few words may not -be out of place as to the motives and purposes which were instrumental -in bringing it into existence. The Biological Club of Ohio State -University is composed of professors, instructors and students of the -several departments of natural history in the University. These -departments have been carrying on certain lines of work for some time, -and the more important and technical has been reported in various -publications. Much of the work, however, which is only of local -interest, but still of great value in the development of the natural -history of the state, has had no convenient avenue of publication. For -this reason it was thought advisable to begin a journal in a modest way -in which such material together with other articles might be made -available for immediate use. - -The idea had been entertained for some time that such a course would be -desirable. Several members had expressed themselves in favor of a -journal, and Dr. Kellerman had for some years contemplated the -publication of a purely botanical paper which should be devoted largely -to the flora of the state. Finally during the spring of 1900 Mr. Tyler -and Mr. Griggs, students connected with the club, began to arouse -interest in the matter by advocating the founding of a bulletin which -should provide a suitable avenue of publication. By a motion of the -club, a committee to consider the matter was appointed, consisting of -the following members: - - Herbert Osborn, - W. A. Kellerman, - F. J. Tyler, - John H. Schaffner, - Max Morse, - R. F. Griggs. - -This committee finally agreed upon a plan, which was presented to the -club and adopted, with slight modifications, on the 7th of May, 1900. -The editors are elected annually by the club, and following is the staff -for the coming year: - -Editor-in-Chief—John H. Schaffner, A. M., M. S. - -Associate Editors—Zoölogy, F. L. Landacre, B. Sc; Botany, F. J. Tyler, -B. Sc.; Geology, J. A. Bownocker, D. Sc.; Archæology, W. C. Mills, B. -Sc.; Ornithology, R. F. Griggs. - -Advisory Board—Professor W. A. Kellerman, Ph. D., Department of Botany; -Professor Herbert Osborn, M. Sc., Department of Zoölogy; Professor J. A. -Bownocker, D. Sc., Department of Geology. - -THE NATURALIST, while aiming to be strictly scientific and technical in -character, will endeavor to be of especial assistance to the teachers -and amateur scientists of the state. It is believed that the kind of -work contemplated will be of great educational value. - -While THE NATURALIST is to be devoted especially to the interests of the -state, other matter which may from time to time be offered, will not be -excluded. - -In these days, when specialization is the tendency in all branches of -knowledge, we think there is still room for the old-fashioned naturalist -who was well versed in a number of sciences. - -Whatever one’s career may be, we believe that every scientist, and for -that matter every person of education, should be a naturalist first and -cultivate a broad general sympathy with nature, and only after that has -he a right to become a specialist. No apology need therefore be made for -the broad field which THE NATURALIST is to cultivate, and we present it -to the public, earnestly soliciting the coöperation of university and -college professors, high school teachers, students, and amateurs in the -different branches of natural science; and asking that leniency of -judgment which such enterprises merit when begun under special -difficulties. Finally THE NATURALIST is not intended to be a -money-making institution, but it will be improved and enlarged as -rapidly as the income from subscriptions and other resources will -permit. - - J. H. S. - - - - - AN OHIO STATION FOR AMPELOPSIS CORDATA. - W. A. KELLERMAN. - (Plate 1.) - -While collecting in Scioto County on the 8th of July, 1900, I was -fortunate enough to come across an indigenous specimen of Ampelopsis -cordata. [1]The station for the plant is on a hillside one mile east of -Portsmouth, Ohio. The character of the environment is indicated in -figure 3, Plate 1; the plant in question growing on the bank by the -roadside at a point immediately above the bicycle in the central part of -the picture. The photograph from which the half tone was made shows only -a portion of the high hills that border the Ohio river. The soil is clay -and not regarded as very fertile. It is generally the case perhaps that -this species grows in “swamps and along river banks,” as stated in the -manuals, but the ground here is high and dry. - -Footnote 1: - - Since the MS. for this article was passed to the printer, the locality - was again visited and several plants, some of large size, were found - further up the hillside. - -The published statements as to the distribution of Ampelopsis cordata -are not uniform. Riddell, in his synopsis of the Western Flora, says it -occurs in the Alleghany Mountains west to Arkansas. Torrey and Gray, in -the Flora of North America, Vol. 1, under the name of Vitis indivisa, -give its distribution as Southern States west to Louisiana and Arkansas. -Wood using the same name in his class-book, says Southern States to St. -Louis. In Gray’s Manual, last edition, the plant is given under the name -of Cissus ampelopsis with the statement that it occurs in Virginia to -Illinois and Southward. The occurrence as noted by Britton and Brown in -the Illustrated Flora, makes the species still more decidedly southern, -namely, southern Virginia to Florida, west to Illinois, Kansas and -Texas. Prof. Stanley Coulter, in a Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and -Ferns indigenous to Indiana, published in 1899 in the 24th Annual Report -of the Department of Geology and Natural Resources of Indiana, says this -species occurs “in the central and southern counties of Indiana in -swamps and moist woods.” - -In the fifth edition of Gray’s Manual the range of this Ampelopsis -(under the name of Vitis indivisa) was given as “West Virginia, Ohio and -southward.” In answer to an inquiry as to what in the Gray Herbarium was -perhaps the basis for the reference to the Ohio distribution, Mr. -Merritt L. Fernald kindly wrote me as follows:—“I find in the herbarium -a specimen of Cissus ampelopsis marked ‘Ohio’. It is one of the old -Torrey and Gray specimens and no further data are given.” - -Dr. Millspaugh lists this species as Cissus ampelopsis in the Flora of -West Virginia and adds on the authority of Mertz and Guttenberg that it -also occurs in Ohio, near Wheeling. Upon inquiry of Supt. Mertz, I learn -that his notes of work upwards of twenty years ago contain no mention of -this species at Wheeling, West Virginia, or at Bellaire, Ohio. He -further informs me that what was taken for this Ampelopsis at Bellaire -was probably Vitis cordifolia, three forms of which were found growing -on the islands of the Ohio River near Wheeling. Of these he adds in a -letter to the writer, “I think we probably decided that one was V. -indivisa; but I feel sure that it was not and you are probably the first -to find it in Ohio.” - -It will be observed that the distribution as noted by Professor Stanley -Coulter extends its range still further northward than my Ohio station. -It is likely that its occurrence still further northward in Ohio may be -detected by assiduous collectors. - -I wish to say a word concerning the ornamental character of this native -vine. The foliage is bright green and very handsome. A figure of a -single leaf is shown in Plate 1, figure 2. This is reduced from a -photograph taken with the leaf itself used as a negative. I have never -detected a fungous attack or insect depredation on the leaves. The small -dull-colored bluish fruits in loose panicles when abundant are somewhat -ornamental. The vine is a vigorous grower and clings firmly to supports. -Figure 4 shows a plant used for ornamental purposes growing on the south -side of the Botanical Building at the Ohio State University. A figure -from a still more vigorous specimen was shown by Mrs. Kellerman in -Vick’s Magazine, January, 1900. This was made from a photograph of a -specimen growing at the north porch of a residence in Columbus, Ohio. -The same has been reproduced by Dr. Halsted in Bulletin No. 144 of the -New Jersey Experiment Station. The species can be transplanted readily. -One of the plants just referred to was dug up in June in Linn County, -Kansas, and easily survived its rough treatment. Roots were taken from -the Portsmouth plant in July this year and they are now growing and -producing stems. We have repeatedly transplanted specimens that were -grown from roots and from cuttings in the green house and always with -success. - -A word as to the synonymy should perhaps be given. The species was -described by Michaux in 1803 under the name of Ampelopsis cordata. -Persoon in 1805 proposed the name Cissus ampelopsis for the species. It -was unfortunate that he did not retain the specific name, cordata; for -there seems to have been no need of discarding that part of its name -even if the genus had been originally misapprehended. Had he followed -the most commendable usage of the modern systematists, he would have -published the name in this form: Cissus cordata (Mx.) Pers. In 1811 -Wildenow published the name as Vitis indivisa and here as before -unnecessarily a new specific name was given. Many authors have regarded -the plant as a Vitis rather than an Ampelopsis or a Cissus. We rely, -however, on Dr. Britton’s authority and use the name Ampelopsis cordata, -relegating the other names to synonymy. - - -Illustration: _Plate_ 1: KELLERMAN ON AMPELOPSIS CORDATA - - -EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1.—Ampelopsis cordata. Figure 1: A herbarium -specimen of twigs in fruit, from a photograph. Figure 2: A single leaf -and tendril after a photograph direct from the same, reduced by the -engraver. Figure 3: View of the station for the indigenous specimen at -Portsmouth, Ohio; the Ampelopsis is in the center of the picture -immediately above the bicycle. Figure 4: View of a plant growing on the -south wall of the Botanical Building, Ohio State University; to the -right of the door a portion of a Japan Ivy is seen. - - - - - THE BAUM PREHISTORIC VILLAGE SITE. - W. C. MILLS. - -The field work of the Ohio State Archæological and Historical Society -was completed August 18. The explorations were a continuance of last -year’s work at the Baum Prehistoric Village Site, which is situated in -Ross County, Ohio, just across the river from the small village of -Bourneville, and is located upon the first gravel terrace of the Paint -Creek Valley. The village site surrounds a large pyramidal mound which -was examined a number of years ago under the direction of the -Smithsonian Institution of Washington. A complete report of the -explorations is found in the 12th Annual Report of the Bureau of -Ethnology, 1890-91. At this time the village site was not explored but -it was known to exist, as the following extract from the 12th Annual -Report will show: “This mound is situated upon the edge of the first -general bottom of Paint Creek, which though protected by a huge levee is -annually inundated. In overflow times the smaller circle of the -adjoining enclosure is almost entirely submerged, and the summit of the -mound is the only land visible above a broad expanse of water. Around -the mound upon all sides, particularly to the east, are traces of former -Indian occupation. Numerous fragments of pottery similar in fabrication -and ornamental feature to those found in the mound bestrew the plowed -ground. These were intermingled with the valves of mussel shells, pitted -stones, shell disks, human bones, arrowheads, pieces of perforated stone -gorgets, and a large quantity of chipped flint.” Directly north of this -village site, about one mile distant is the noted hill top enclosure -known as Spruce Hill, which overlooks the valley of Paint Creek for many -miles north and south. The hill on which this enclosure is situated is -about 500 feet high, and is a long narrow spur projecting from the -tableland and extending to the south. - -The wall of this enclosure is composed entirely of boulders and broken -pieces of sandstone which had been collected along the margin of the -summit of the hill. These sandstones are the result of disintegration of -the sandstone strata which is near the surface on the hill top. Directly -east from the village site, a little more than 1300 feet, is what is -known as the Baum works, which was surveyed by Squier & Davis in 1846. -They described this work as the best preserved, and possessing gateways -that are wider than those of any other earth-works found in this valley. -They also made a survey of the mound which is situated in this village -site and they described it as a large, square, truncated mound, with a -base of 120 feet and having a flat top, with an area 50 feet square. The -mound at that time being 15 feet high. They also say that quantities of -coarse broken pottery were found on and around the mound. Thus it will -be seen that the early investigators found pottery surrounding the mound -and later explorations by the Smithsonian Institution show that the -broken pieces of pottery found on the surface surrounding the mound were -very much like the pottery found in the mound and placed with the buried -dead therein. - -The object of the investigations carried on by the Archæological and -Historical Society is to show the connection between the occupants of -the prehistoric village and those who built the mound. This has been -done by carefully comparing the contents of this village site with the -contents of the mound as reported by the Smithsonian Institution. So -far, all of the pottery and implements of bone, stone, and shell that -were buried in this mound, have been duplicated in great numbers from -the refuse heaps, burials, and ash pits found in the village. The -village entirely surrounds the mound, but on the east it is more -extensive and occupies upward of five acres of ground. - -The work of examining the village site is very laborious. Every portion -or particle of the earth to a depth, on the average, of two and one-half -feet is carefully dug over with small hand trowels, and every particle -of bone, shell or stone is carefully removed and examined. The contents -of the ash pits are screened so that no implements or ornaments may be -lost. The whole village site is platted, laid off in sections thirty-six -feet square, which square is again laid off into sections four feet -square. In this way every find is carefully located upon the map. This -year the work was conducted east and north-east of the mound. Here the -post-molds of their little tepees were found in abundance. Their -fire-places usually were placed just outside of the tepees, and their -refuse pits near at hand, and near by we found the burials. A series of -photographs, showing the manner of burial and the close proximity of the -burials to the ash pits and tepees, were carefully made. At one time -seven skeletons were exposed within an area of fifteen feet square. -Within this space two ash pits were found and one row of the post-molds, -showing the relation of the little home to the burial ground. The manner -of burial is shown by the photographs taken of the seven skeletons -exposed at one time, showing that they had no definite manner of placing -the bodies, as some were buried at right angles to each other, some were -placed at full length, and lying upon the back, while others were placed -upon the side; in still other cases the body was evidently doubled up -and then buried. A great number of skeletons of babies were found in the -ash pits, showing that the already dug ash pit was the most convenient -grave for the little ones, who was then covered with ashes, consequently -the skeletons were perfectly preserved. With a great number of the adult -skeletons were found implements of bone, such as awls, hoes, celts, -arrow and spear points of stone, beads and ornaments of shell and bone; -but with the skeletons of children varying in age from four to twelve -years were found the greatest number of ornaments made of shell and -bone. In one instance a large gorget made from the marine univalve -Strombus gigas about two and one-half inches in diameter, was found upon -the skeleton of a child six years of age. In another more than two -hundred beads and ornaments of shell and bone were found upon the -skeleton of a child not over seven years of age. In another grave a -child not over four years of age had buried with it, what at one time -was no doubt, a necklace made of elk teeth, perforated for attachment. -In two instances the graves of children were carefully covered over with -slabs of slate. With those children whose graves were carefully covered -no implements or ornaments of any sort were placed. Of the sixty-three -skeletons found, not a single perfect piece of pottery was found buried -with them, differing greatly from the Madisonville Prehistoric Cemetery -near Cincinnati, for at the latter cemetery quantities of pottery in -their perfect state was found, buried with the skeletons. The pottery, -implements and ornaments at Madisonville can be readily dedicated from -the village at Paint Creek. - -In the ash pits can be found specimens showing the masterpieces of art -wrought in stone, bone and shell, representing the civilization which at -one time inhabited this village. Of the bone implements, the needle, -made from the bones of the deer and elk is most beautiful in design, at -the same time showing the skill displayed in the manufacture of the -implements. Some of them are upward of nine inches in length. Of the -bone specimens perhaps the bead is the commonest. In some pits more than -two hundred have been taken out. In these ash pits were also found well -wrought specimens of aboriginal fish hooks, also specimens showing the -various stages of manufacture of this implement, which differs somewhat -from the manufacture of those found at Madisonville, a full account of -which appears in the 20th Annual Report of the Trustees of the Peabody -Museum of Harvard University, by Prof. F. W. Putnam, in which he fully -describes the manufacture of the fish hooks found in the prehistoric -village site. In no instance was an unfinished specimen found in the -Baum Village which would, in any way, show that a hole was first bored -through the bone and the fish hook then wrought from this hole as was -shown by Prof. Putnam; on the contrary a piece of bone was selected and -cut into shape representing a small tablet of bone two and one-half -inches long by from one-half to three-quarters of an inch broad, with -rounded edges at the ends. The center was then cut out by rubbing with a -stone on each side. So that two fish hooks were made instead of one from -the single piece of bone. A great many perfect scrapers made from the -metacarpal bone of the deer and elk were also found, while almost every -pit would contain from one to four broken halves of these scrapers. -Specimens were also procured showing the various stages in the -manufacture of this implement which resemble very much in every -particular those found at Madisonville, and also those found at the -village site at Fort Ancient. - -The pottery fragments found in these ash pits resemble those found at -Madisonville, in the ornamentation by incised lines, implement -indentations arranged in figures, and handles ornamented with effigies -of birds and animals. Of the shell implements, perhaps the most common -is the shell hoe, which is made from the mussel shell _Unio plicatus_. - -A great number of beads, from one-half to one inch in diameter, made -from mussel shells and perforated with from one to three holes, are -found. The large gorgets from two to two and one-half inches in diameter -are also found. These are invariably perforated with from one to three -holes, and are made from a shell foreign to the Paint Creek Valley. - -Of the implements and ornaments made of stone, the flint arrow heads are -very common. These are mostly made from material brought from flint -ridge in Licking County. Grooved axes are also found, the type -prevailing is the one having the groove extend entirely around. The -perforated gorgets of slate are also found, but the most interesting of -the stone implements found in the pits are the perforated discoidals. -These are all small, varying in diameter from two to three inches, and -finely polished. - -In the refuse heaps and ash pits were found the bones of the animals -used for food, charred corn, hickory nuts, walnuts, butter nuts, acorns, -hazel nuts, beans, seeds of the papaw, wild plum, etc. About thirty-five -per cent. of the bones taken from these pits were of the Virginia deer. -The bones of the black bear, raccoon, elk, ground-hog, wild-cat, -muskrat, squirrel, beaver, wild turkey, wild duck, wild goose, trumpeter -swan, great horn owl, barred owl, were found in abundance. But perhaps -the most interesting of the animal bones found were those of the Indian -dog. Skulls and parts of skeletons were taken from the pits in great -numbers. Professor F. W. Putnam, of Harvard University, who has been -making a study of the skulls of the dog taken from the mounds and burial -places of Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Ohio, Kentucky, New York, -and from the great shell heaps in Maine, says that a distinct variety or -species of dog was distributed over North America in pre-Columbian -times, and by comparison he finds that the dog found in America is the -same variety of dog found in the ancient site of the Swiss Lake -dwellers, and also in the ancient tombs of Thebes in Egypt, and claims -that the variety of the pre-Columbian dog is apparently identical with -the pure breed Scotch collie of today, while Mr. F. A. Lucas, of the U. -S. National Museum, describes the dog found in the Baum Village as -resembling very much the bull terrier in size and proportion, and states -that the same species have been found in the village sites in Texas and -the old Puebloes. - - - - - A FOLIICOLOUS FORM OF SORGHUM SMUT AND NOTES - ON INFECTION EXPERIMENTS. - - W. A. KELLERMAN. - (Plate 2.) - - -On January 1st, 1900, several pots in the Botanical greenhouse of the -Ohio State University were planted to sorghum, Kaffir corn, maize, -sweet-corn and pop-corn. The seeds were previously moistened and mixed -with a large quantity of head-smut of sorghum taken from smutted sorghum -plants also from maize infected with the same fungus. This species was -named _Ustilago reiliana_ by Kühn in 1868 from specimens collected in -Egypt. - -The plants developed rapidly and normally, though the stems were slender -and did not reach the normal height. The panicles appeared early and -only in a comparatively few cases showed infection. - -In one case an anomalous specimen appeared, namely, a sweet corn plant -with the upper leaves as well as the panicle infected. This form -therefore differs from the type in being in part foliicolous and may be -designated as _Ustilago_ (_Cintractia_[2]) _reiliana_ forma _foliicola_ -nov. for. Figures 1 and 2, Plate 2, show the appearance of the infected -plant, the one representing an earlier and the other a later stage of -the emergence of the smut mass. - -Footnote 2: - - Mr. G. P. Clinton regards this fungus as a Cintractia rather than an - Ustilago. - -It may be remarked further that I have repeatedly tried seed inoculation -experiments, mostly in the greenhouse but also occasionally in the -field. - -In the latter case in the summer of 1900, I obtained from a plot of many -hundred stalks including field-corn, sweet-corn, pop-corn, sorghum, -Kaffir corn and broom corn only three cases of smutted plants. These -were of sweet-corn, both the tassel and ear being affected. The previous -year about the same per cent. of successful inoculations were obtained. -But in the greenhouse the experiments have uniformly resulted in the -production of a considerable number of smutted stalks of sorghum and -occasionally an infected plant of maize. These have for the most part -been reported in print, the first account appearing in Bulletin No. 23, -Kansas Experiment Station, in the year 1891. - -I have now growing in the botanical greenhouse three sets of sorghum -plants raised from seeds planted January 1, 1898, January 1, 1899, and -January 1, 1900. Only the plants have been retained which showed -successful inoculation experiments. They have been shifted to larger -pots from time to time, but the plants make only a stunted growth. The -new stalks that appear now and then are invariably affected, though -sometimes one of the panicles, either the one terminating the main stem -or one of the side branches may be free from visible smut. It is thus -evident that this species of smut is perennial where its host lives from -year to year. Figure 3 shows a photograph of one of the plants started -in the greenhouse in 1899, its first stem producing an infected panicle. -Figure 4 shows a plant grown in 1900, the first or central panicle not -exhibiting the smut, but later when panicles from the side branches -appeared, they were seen to be smutted. - -It seems that another experimenter, whom I will quote, has succeeded -scarcely as well. Mr. G. P. Clinton, the assistant Botanist of the -Illinois Experiment Station, Urbana, Illinois, in Bulletin No. 57 -(March, 1900) reports as follows: “Apparently from the experiments of -Kellerman, infection takes place through the germinating seed, though -the per cent. of infection he produced was rather small. In ’98 field -experiments were conducted here with a view of infecting the Orange -variety of sorghum with this smut. In one case the seed was mixed with -an abundance of spores and in others these spores were sprayed in water -or manure water on the young parts of the plants when about six inches -high. In none of the several hundred plants that matured was any sign of -the smut found. It is very likely that the variety used may have had -something to do with the negative results, as it was not the same from -which the smut was taken.” - -The head-smut of sorghum is not to be confused with another species that -occurs on the same host. The one now referred to is a grain-smut, that -is, the panicle as a whole is not included, but the individual grains -become smutted. This species has been called _Ustilago sorghi_, but Mr. -Clinton regards it as a Cintractia, namely, _Cintractia sorghi-vulgaris_ -(Tul.) Clint. It is more common than the former, occurring often on -sorghum and broom corn. - -The head-smut of sorghum, _Ustilago_ or _Cintractia reiliana_, was first -found in this country by Prof. J. T. Willard at Manhattan, Kansas, in -1890, in a plot grown for purposes of chemical investigation. The same -year it was detected by Dr. Halsted in New Jersey. I found it in Ohio in -1897 and it is now reported for Illinois by Mr. Clinton. In all these -cases it occurred only on sorghum, but Prof. Hitchcock has reported it -as not uncommon on maize in fields about Manhattan, Kansas. - - -Illustration: _Plate_ 2: KELLERMAN ON SORGHUM SMUT. - - -EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2.—Ustilago or Cintractia reiliana. Figure 1: The -foliicolous form occurring on sweet-corn, the panicle not yet emerged, -but the smut on upper leaves in sight. Figure 2: Same as in Figure 1, -showing a later stage of maturity. Figure 3: An infected sorghum plant -in the greenhouse, photographed in 1899, the panicle smutted. Figure 4: -An infected sorghum plant, grown in the greenhouse in 1900, the central -panicle sound, the later (side) panicles smutted. - - - - - A LIST OF HEMIPTERA COLLECTED IN THE VICINITY - OF BELLAIRE, OHIO. - - HERBERT OSBORN. - -The following record of species represents the collections of Hemiptera -made during four days (Aug. 28, Sept. 1, 1900) at points within five -miles of Bellaire, all on the Ohio side of the river. Wooded hillsides, -valleys, creek bottoms and shore and island of the river were worked -during a part of each day and as the list includes one hundred and -forty-nine species, it is probably fairly representative for the common -species of the season. - - - HOMOPTERA. - -_Cicadidæ._ Cicada tibicen L. One specimen found dead. - -_Membracidæ._ Entilia sinuata Fab., Publilia concava Say, Ceresa diceros -Say, Ceresa bubalus Fab., Thelia bimaculata Fab., Acutalis calva Say, -Vanduzea arcuata Say. - -_Fulgoridæ._ Scolops sulcipes Say, Scolops sp., Ormenis pruinosa Say, O. -septentrionalis Fab., Amphiscepa bivittata Say, Bruchomorpha dorsata -Fh., B. oculata Newmn., Issus? sp. Pissonotus ater VanD., Stobera -tricarinata Say, Stobera sp., Liburnia campestris VanD., L. ornata Stal, -Liburnia sp. - -_Cercopidæ._ Lepyronia 4-angularis Say, Clastoptera obtusa Say, C. -proteus Fh., C. xanthocephala Germ. - -_Bythoscopidæ._ Macropsis apicalis O. & B., Agallia sanguinolenta Prov., -A. 4-punctata Prov., A. constricta VanD., A. novella Say, Idiocerus -pallidus Fh., I. snowi G. & B., I. verticis Say. - -_Tettigonidæ._ Aulacizes irrorata Fab., Tettigonia bifida Say, T. -tripunctata Fh., T. gothica Sign., T. hartii Wdw. (mss), Diedrocephala -coccinea Forst., D. mollipes Say, Helochara communis Fh., Gypona -octolineata Say. - -_Jassidæ._ Xestocephalus pulicarius VanD., X. tessellatus VanD., -Platymetopius acutus Say, P. frontalis VanD., Deltocephalus sayi Fh., D. -sylvestris O. & B., D. apicatus Osb., D. weedi VanD., D. obtectus O. & -B., D. inimicus Say, D. flavicosta Stal, D. nigrifrons Forbes, -Scaphoideus immistus Say, S. auronitens Prov., S. scalaris VanD., -Athysanus curtisii Fh., A. (Limotettix) exitiosa Uhl., Athysanella -acuticauda Bak., Lonatura catalina O. & B., Eutettix seminudus Say, -Phlepsius irroratus Say, P. decorus O. & B., Thamnotettix clitellarius -Say, Chlorotettix unicolor Fh., C. galbanata VanD., Jassus olitorius -Say, Cicadula 6-notata Fall., C. punctifrons Fall., Gnathodus punctatus -Thunb., G. abdominalis VanD., Empoasca smaragdula Fall., E. obtusa -trifasciata Gill., E. mali LeB., Dicraneura flavipennis Fab., Typhlocyba -comes vitis Harr., T. comes basilaris Say, T. comes comes Say, T. c. -ziczac Walsh, T. obliqua Say, T. vulnerata Say, T. tricinta Fh., T, -trifascaita Say, T. querci bifasciata Gill., T. hartii Gill. - -_Aphididæ._ Pemphigus populi transversus Riley, On Cottonwood. - -_Aleyrodidæ._ Aleurodes sp. Abundant on Sycamore leaves. - -_Coccidæ._ Chionaspis salicis Harr. - - - HETEROPTERA. - -_Cydnidæ._ One specimen as yet undetermined. - -_Pentatomidæ._ Podisus cynicus Say, Brochymena annulata Fab., Cosmopepla -carnifex Fab., Euschistus fissilis Uhl., E. tristigma Say, E. -variolarius P. Beauv., Trichopepla semivittata Say, Thyanta custator -Fab. - -_Coreidæ._ Neides muticus Say, Jalysus spinosus Say, Corizus lateralis -Say, C. nigristernum Sign., C. bohemani Sign., (?) C. noveboracensis -Sign. - -_Lygaeidæ._ Nysius thymi Wolff, N. angustatus Uhl., Orsillacis producta -Uhl., Ischnorhynchus didymus Zett., Blissus leucopterus Say, Cymus -angustatus Stal. Geocoris limbatus Stal, G. fuliginosus Say, Myodocha -serripes Oliv., Ligyrocoris sylvestris L., Ptochiomera nodosa Say, -Lygaeus kalmii Stal, L. turcicus Fab. - -_Capsidæ._ Megalocoerea debilis Uh. (?), Miris affinis Reut., -Compsocerocoris annulicornis Reut., Calocoris rapidus Say, Lygus -pratensis L., L. plagiatus Uhl., Poecyloscytus basalis Reut., -Camptobrochis nebulosus Uhl., Eccritotarsus elegans Uhl., Hyaliodes -vitripennis Say. Episcopus ornatus Uh., Ilnacora stalii Reut., -Pilophorus bifasciatus Fab, Malacocoris irroratus Say, Garganus -fusiformis Say, Halticus uhleri Giard, Styphrosoma stygica Say, Neoborus -laetus Uhl., Plagiognathus obscurus Uhl., Plagiognathus sp., Agalliastes -associatus, Uhl. - -_Acanthiidæ_ Triphleps insidiosus Say. - -_Tingitidæ._ Corythuca ciliata Say. - -_Phymatidæ._ Phymata fasciata Gray. - -_Nabidæ._ Coriscus ferus L. - -_Reduviidæ._ Sinea diadema Fab., Acholla multispionosa DeG., Diplodus -luridus Stal. - -_Hygrotrechidæ._ Hygrotrechus remigis Say, Stephania picta H. Schf. - -_Saldidæ._ Salda interstitialis Say. - -_Corisidæ._ Corisa alternata Say. - -Of the above list nearly thirty have not been recorded for the state -hitherto and there are a few specimens which are as yet undetermined. - - - - - ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO THE “ODONATA OF OHIO.” - - JAMES S. HINE. - -Since the publication of the Odonata of Ohio, there have been several -species of dragonflies added to the State list, and we have had reasons -to change our minds regarding the identity of two species at least. - -Enallagma Fischeri, Kellicott, is a synonym of Agrion antennatum, Say, -consequently the species will henceforth be known as Enallagma -antennatum, Say. - -Our Gomphus lividus, Selys, is Gomphus sordidus, Selys, and Gomphus -externus, Selys, is Gomphus crassus, Hagen. - -The following species have been added: - -1. Lestes eurinus, Say, taken June 3, 1900, by E. B. Williamson in -Portage County. Numbers of both males and females of the species were -taken on Cedar Point, at Sandusky, July 10 of the present year. - -2. Progomphus obscurus, Ramb., first taken at Ironton, June 1, 1899, by -R. C. Osburn. The present year I took several specimens at Vinton, June -10th. - -3. Gomphus abbreviatus, Hagen, (?) was taken at Loudonville, June 10, -1899, by J. B. Parker and R. C. Osburn. The species was common at the -same locality June 14, of the present year. - -4. Neurocordulia obsoleta, Say, has been taken at Cincinnati by Chas. -Dury and his associates for three consecutive seasons. - -5. Neurocordulia yamaskanensis, Prov., was procured on Rattlesnake -Island in Lake Erie, June 28, 1900, by Prof. Osborn. - -6. Nasiæschna pentacantha, Rambur, was taken near Kent, Ohio, June 21, -1900. In company with R. C. Osburn we procured three pairs of this -species. Others were seen. - - - - - DRAGONFLIES TAKEN IN A WEEK. - - RAYMOND C. OSBURN AND JAMES S. HINE. - -During the week beginning June 17th, we collected insects and fishes in -the region of small lakes near Kent, Ohio. A list of the Odonata taken -during that week is interesting, as it shows the richness of the Odonat -fauna of north-eastern Ohio and also the number of species of this group -that may fly in a certain locality at the same time. - - 1. Calopteryx maculata, Beauv. - 2. Calopteryx æquabilis, Say. - 3. Hetærina americana, Fabr. - 4. Lestes uncatus, Kirby. - 5. Lestes rectangularis, Say. - 6. Lestes vigilax, Hagen. - 7. Lestes inequalis, Walsh. - 8. Argia putrida, Hagen. - 9. Agria violacea, Hagen. - 10. Argia tibialis, Rambur. - 11. Argia apicalis, Say. - 12. Erythromma conditum, Hagen. - 13. Nehalennia posita, Hagen. - 14. Nehalennia irene, Hagen. - 15. Amphiagrion saucium, Burm. - 16. Enallagma traviatum, Selys. - 17. Enallagma civile, Hagen. - 18. Enallagma carunculatum, Morse. - 19. Enallagma hageni, Walsh. - 20. Enallagma geminatum, Kel. - 21. Enallagma exsulans, Hagen. - 22. Enallagma antennatum, Say. - 23. Enallagma signatum, Hagen. - 24. Enallagma pollutum, Hagen. - 25. Ischnura verticalis, Say. - 26. Ophiogomphus rupinsulensis, Walsh. - 27. Gomphus dilatatus, Rambur. - 28. Gomphus quadricolor, Walsh. - 29. Gomphus fraternus, Say. - 30. Gomphus furcifer, Hagen. - 31. Gomphus spicatus, Selys. - 32. Gomphus sordidus, Selys. - 33. Gomphus exilis, Selys. - 34. Dromogomphus spinosus, Selys. - 35. Anax junius, Drury. - 36. Basischna janata, Say. - 37. Epiæschna heros, Fab. - 38. Æschna verticalis, Hagen. - 39. Nasiæschna pentacantha, Rambur. - 40. Macromia illinoiensis, Walsh. - 41. Epicordulia princeps, Hagen. - 42. Tetragoneuria cynosura, Say. - 43. Tetragoneuria semiaqua, Burm. - 44. Tramea lacerata, Hagen. - 45. Libellula basalis, Say. - 46. Libellula pulchella, Drury. - 47. Libellula semifasciata, Burm. - 48. Libellula exusta, Say. - 49. Libellula incesta, Hagen. - 50. Plathemis trimaculata, DeGeer. - 51. Celithemis eponina, Drury. - 52. Celithemis elisa, Hagen. - 53. Celithemis fasciata, Kirby. - 54. Leucorhinia intacta, Hagen. - 55. Sympetrum rubicundulum, Say. - 56. Perithemis domitia, Drury. - 57. Mesothemis simplicicollis, Say. - 58. Pachydiplax longipennis, Burm. - -Number 2 was taken for the second time in the State. The species was -common along the Cuyahoga River, where both males and females were found -resting on foliage near the water’s edge or flitting nervously from one -resting place to another. - -Number 27 is one of our rarer Gomphids. Only one specimen of the species -was taken. - -Both male and female of 30 were taken. This is the first time the female -of this species has been taken in Ohio. - -Number 39 was taken for the first time in Ohio. Three pairs of this fine -species were taken. - -Two years ago I took males of number 48 at Stewart’s Lake. The species -has not been taken in the State since until this year when we took both -males and females at the same lake. - -Number 53 has been considered a very desirable species, but it seems -that it is a common form in the lake region near Kent. About thirty -specimens were procured. - - - - - ADDITIONS TO THE OHIO FLORA. - -The Fourth State Catalogue of Ohio Plants published in April, 1899, by -Kellerman, contained 2025 species of Cormophytes. In the first Annual -Supplement, published April, 1900, 69 additions were made. The following -22 additional species therefore bring the total to 2116 plants growing -without cultivation in the state. The numbers correspond to the Fourth -State Catalogue so that those who desire can easily copy the additions -and bring their catalogue up to date. - -212a Bouteloua hirsuta Lag. Hairy Mesquite-grass. Ohio State University -Campus, Columbus. F. J. Tyler. - -212b Bouteloua oligostachya (Nutt.) Torr. Mesquite-grass. Ohio State -University Campus, Columbus. Alice Dufour. - -258a Bromus asper Murr. Hairy Brome-grass (London, Mrs. K. D. Sharp, -Coll., E. Monroe, Highland Co., W. A. Kellerman, Coll.) Alice Dufour. - -265b Bromus breviaristatus (Hook.) Buckl. Short-awned Chess. Ashtabula, -(W. A. Kellerman, Coll.) Alice Dufour. - -472a Wolffia braziliensis Wedd. Brazil Wolffia. Sandusky Bay. Abundant -at times. R. F. Griggs. - -538a Convallaria majalis L. Lily of the Valley. Abundantly escaped in -Cemetery, Worthington. R. F. Griggs. - -619a Salix nigra x amygdaloides. A. D. Selby, 8th Report Academy of -Science, p. 22, and others. - -629 Change S. fluviatilis Nutt, to S. interior Rowlee. Rowlee in Bull. -Torr. Bot. Club. 27: 247, 1900. - -629a Salix interior var. wheeleri Rowlee. Cedar Point, W. A. Kellerman -and R. F. Grigs. - -636a Salix sericea x cordata. Ashtabula. (W. A. Kellerman Coll.) R. F. -Griggs. - -637a Salix peliolaris var. graciles. Toledo. (J. A. Sanford, Coll. -1879.) R. F. Griggs. - -638a Salix candida x cordata. Castalia, Erie County. R. F. Griggs. - -864a Berberis aquilifolium. Pursh. (Mahonia aquilifolium Nutt.) Seeding -in Cemetery, Worthington. R. F. Griggs. - -898b Diplotaxus muralis (L.) DC. Diplotaxus. Cleveland, Ohio. Wm. Krebs. - -963 Philadelphus inodorus L. Mt. Pleasant, Jefferson County. W. A. -Kellerman. - -1039a Cratægus cordata (Mill.) Ait. Washington Thorn. Steubenville, -Ohio. H. N. Mertz. - -1045a Cratægus multipes n. sp. (W. W. Ashe in Bulletin 175 N. C. -Experiment Station, August, 1900.) Ohio, E. E. Bogue, Coll. - -1132a Dolichos lablab L. Hyacinth Bean. Escaped from cultivation in -several places in Columbus. Found growing on vacant lots, surrounded by -large weeds. John H. Schaffner. - -1188a Rhus cotinus L. Escaped, Mt. Pleasant, Jefferson County. W. A. -Kellerman. - -1219a Ampelopsis cordata Michx. Scioto County. Previously reported for -Ohio. W. A. Kellerman. - -1255 Lechea minor L. Steubenville, Ohio. H. N. Mertz. - -1487a Gilia coronopifolia Pers. Growing in a cemetery near Madison, Lake -County. Spreading slowly. F. J. Tyler. - -1729 Euphorbia lathyris L. Pomeroy, Meigs County. W. A. Kellerman. - -1919a Polymnia canadensis var. radiata Gray. Cedar Point. Very abundant. -R. F. Griggs. - -1943a Helianthus maximiliani Schrad. Sandusky. A single plant along -railroad tracks. R. F. Griggs. - - - - - COLLECTING AND PRESERVING MICROSCOPIC PLANTS. - -Small plants like Desmids, Diatoms, etc., may be preserved in water, in -homeopathic vials, provided a drop of carbolic acid is added to each -bottle of material. In this way they will keep for a long time with very -little change of color and contents. - - J. H. S. - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - _Ohio State University_ - - -Six distinct and independent Colleges, each with a Dean and Faculty of -its own. - - THIRTY SEVEN DEPARTMENTS. AGRICULTURE, ARTS, LAW, - THIRTY DISTINCT COURSES. ENGINEERING, PHARMACY, - VETERINARY MEDICINE. - -Superior facilities for education in Applied Science. Short or special -courses for mature students not candidates for degrees. - - One hundred and twenty one instructors. Over thirteen hundred students. - - FINEST GYMNASIUM IN THE WEST. - -_For further information address the President,_ - - DR. W. O. THOMPSON, STATE UNIVERSITY, COLUMBUS. - - -------------- - - Ohio Forest Trees Identified by Leaves and Fruit. - - By W. A. KELLERMAN, PH. D., Ohio State University. - -A neat pamphlet for every one who wishes to learn our native forest -trees. Keys simple. Description plain. Can learn the names of the trees -easily. - -Price reduced from 25 cents to 10 cents. - -Also, =The Fourth State Catalogue of Ohio Plants.= - -Bound copies at cost of binding, namely 20 cents. - - Gives list of scientific and common names; distribution by counties. - -Teachers and others will also be interested in Prof. Kellerman’s -Phyto-theca or Herbarium Portfolio, _Practical Studies_ in Elementary -Botany, _Elementary Botany_ with Spring Flora, all published by Eldredge -& Bro., Philadelphia, to whom apply. - -For information or copies of _Forest Trees_ and _Catalogue_ or names of -plant specimens of your region _address_ - - W. A. KELLERMAN, COLUMBUS, OHIO - - -------------- - - American Entomological Co. - - 1040 DE KALB AVENUE, BROOKLYN, N. Y. - -Lepidoptera Price List No. 2.—_Price 5 cents_ (Refunded to Buyers) - - ISSUED NOVEMBER 15th 1900. - -Dealers of all kinds of _Entomological Supplies_ - -Manufacturers of the Original and Celebrated SCHMITT INSECT BOXES. - - _Builders of INSECT CABINETS, ETC._ - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - -The Twentieth Century Text Books of Biology. - - PLANT RELATIONS, 12mo, cloth $1.10 - PLANT STRUCTURES, 12mo, cloth 1.20 - PLANT STUDIES, 12mo, cloth 1.20 - PLANTS, 12mo, cloth 1.80 - ANALYTICAL KEY TO PLANTS, 12mo, flexible cloth .75 - - All by JOHN MERLE COULTER, A. M., Ph. D., Head of Dept. of Botany, - University of Chicago. - - _They are already the preferred texts, and the reasons will be - apparent on examination._ - - - - - ANIMAL LIFE: A First Book of Zoology. - -By DAVID S. JORDAN, M. S., M. D., Ph. D., LL. D., President of the - Leland Stanford Junior University, and VERNON L. KELLOGG, M. S., - Professor in Leland Stanford Junior University. 12mo. Cloth, $1.20. - _Now ready._ - - _Not a book for learning the classification, anatomy, and - nomenclature of animals, but to show how animals reached their - present development, the effects of environment, their place in - Nature, their relations to one another and to the human race. - Designed for one-half year’s work in high schools. Send for sample - pages._ - - ANIMAL FORMS: A Second Book of Zoology. - - By DAVID S. JORDAN, M. S., M. D., Ph. D., LL. D., and HAROLD HEATH, - Ph. D., Professor in Leland Stanford Junior University. _Ready in - February, 1901._ - - -------------- - -=D. 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