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diff --git a/old/55295-0.txt b/old/55295-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 637b8f2..0000000 --- a/old/55295-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4643 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Second, or the -Queen's Royal Regiment of Foot, by Richard Cannon - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Historical Record of the Second, or the Queen's Royal Regiment of Foot - -Author: Richard Cannon - -Release Date: August 8, 2017 [EBook #55295] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE SECOND *** - - - - -Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -book was produced from images made available by the -HathiTrust Digital Library.) - - - - - - - - - - TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - A superscript is denoted by ^x or ^{xx}, for example y^r or 21^{st}. - - A subscript is denoted by _{x}, for example y_{e}. - - Some minor changes are noted at the end of the book. - - - - - HISTORICAL RECORDS - - OF THE - - BRITISH ARMY. - - - PREPARED FOR PUBLICATION UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE - ADJUTANT-GENERAL. - - - THE SECOND REGIMENT OF FOOT; - - OR, - - QUEEN'S ROYAL. - - - - - LONDON: - Printed by WILLIAM CLOWES and SONS, - 14, Charing Cross. - - - - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - - _HORSE-GUARDS,_ - _1st January, 1836._ - -His Majesty has been pleased to command, that, with a view of doing -the fullest justice to Regiments, as well as to Individuals who -have distinguished themselves by their Bravery in Action with the -Enemy, an Account of the Services of every Regiment in the British -Army shall be published under the superintendence and direction -of the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall contain the -following particulars, _viz._, - - ---- The Period and Circumstances of the Original Formation of - the Regiment; The Stations at which it has been from time to time - employed; The Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations, - in which it has been engaged, particularly specifying any - Achievement it may have performed, and the Colours, Trophies, - &c., it may have captured from the Enemy. - - ---- The Names of the Officers and the number of Non-Commissioned - Officers and Privates, Killed or Wounded by the Enemy, specifying - the Place and Date of the Action. - - ---- The Names of those Officers, who, in consideration of their - Gallant Services and Meritorious Conduct in Engagements with the - Enemy, have been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other - Marks of His Majesty's gracious favour. - - ---- The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers - and Privates as may have specially signalized themselves in - Action. - - And, - - ---- The Badges and Devices which the Regiment may have been - permitted to bear, and the Causes on account of which such Badges - or Devices, or any other Marks of Distinction, have been granted. - - By Command of the Right Honourable - GENERAL LORD HILL, - _Commanding-in-Chief_. - - JOHN MACDONALD, - _Adjutant-General_. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly depend -upon the zeal and ardour, by which all who enter into its service -are animated, and consequently it is of the highest importance that -any measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, by which -alone great and gallant actions are achieved, should be adopted. - -Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this desirable -object, than a full display of the noble deeds with which the -Military History of our country abounds. To hold forth these bright -examples to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to -incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those who have -preceded him in their honourable career, are among the motives that -have given rise to the present publication. - -The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced in the -'London Gazette,' from whence they are transferred into the public -prints: the achievements of our armies are thus made known at the -time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute of praise and -admiration to which they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions, -the Houses of Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on -the Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting under their -orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks for their skill -and bravery, and these testimonials, confirmed by the high honour -of their Sovereign's Approbation, constitute the reward which the -soldier most highly prizes. - -It has not, however, until late years, been the practice (which -appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental armies) -for British Regiments to keep regular records of their services -and achievements. Hence some difficulty has been experienced in -obtaining, particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic -account of their origin and subsequent services. - -This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His Majesty -having been pleased to command, that every Regiment shall in future -keep a full and ample record of its services at home and abroad. - -From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth -derive information as to the difficulties and privations which -chequer the career of those who embrace the military profession. In -Great Britain, where so large a number of persons are devoted to -the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and -where these pursuits have, for so long a period, been undisturbed -by the _presence of war_, which few other countries have escaped, -comparatively little is known of the vicissitudes of active -service, and of the casualties of climate, to which, even during -peace, the British Troops are exposed in every part of the globe, -with little or no interval of repose. - -In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the country -derives from the industry and the enterprise of the agriculturist -and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed not often to -reflect on the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,--on -their sufferings,--and on the sacrifice of valuable life, by which -so many national benefits are obtained and preserved. - -The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance, -have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties; and -their character has been established in Continental warfare by the -irresistible spirit with which they have effected debarkations in -spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the gallantry and -steadiness with which they have maintained their advantages against -superior numbers. - -In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, ample -justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions of the -Corps employed; but the details of their services, and of acts of -individual bravery, can only be fully given in the Annals of the -various Regiments. - -These Records are now preparing for publication, under His -Majesty's special authority, by Mr. RICHARD CANNON, -Principal Clerk of the Adjutant-General's Office; and while -the perusal of them cannot fail to be useful and interesting -to military men of every rank, it is considered that they will -also afford entertainment and information to the general reader, -particularly to those who may have served in the Army, or who have -relatives in the Service. - -There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, or -are serving, in the Army, an _Esprit du Corps_--an attachment -to every thing belonging to their Regiment; to such persons a -narrative of the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove -interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of the great,--the -valiant,--the loyal, have always been of paramount interest with -a brave and civilized people. Great Britain has produced a race -of heroes who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood, "firm -as the rocks of their native shore;" and when half the World has -been arrayed against them, they have fought the battles of their -Country with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of -achievements in war,--victories so complete and surprising, gained -by our countrymen,--our brothers--our fellow-citizens in arms,--a -record which revives the memory of the brave, and brings their -gallant deeds before us, will certainly prove acceptable to the -public. - -Biographical memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished -Officers, will be introduced in the Records of their respective -Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to -time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying the value -and importance of its services, will be faithfully set forth. - -As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each Regiment -will be printed in a distinct number, so that when the whole shall -be completed, the Parts may be bound up in numerical succession. - - - - - HISTORICAL RECORD - - OF THE - - SECOND, - - OR - - QUEEN'S ROYAL REGIMENT - OF FOOT; - - CONTAINING - - AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT - IN THE YEAR 1661, AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT - SERVICES TO 1837. - - - LONDON: - - PRINTED BY CLOWES AND SONS, 14, CHARING CROSS. - - MDCCCXXXVIII. - - -[Illustration: SECOND (THE QUEEN'S ROYAL) REGIMENT OF FOOT.] - - - - - THE SECOND, - - OR - - QUEEN'S ROYAL REGIMENT OF FOOT, - - BEARS IN THE CENTRE OF - EACH COLOUR - - THE QUEEN'S CYPHER - - ON A - - RED GROUND WITHIN THE GARTER, AND CROWN OVER IT; - - ALSO THE FOLLOWING DISTINCTIONS, - - _Egypt, with the Sphynx_--_Vimiera_--_Corunna_--_Salamanca_-- - _Vittoria_--_Pyrenees_--_Nivelle_--_Toulouse_--and _Peninsula_. - - - IN THE DEXTER CANTON OF THE SECOND COLOUR - - THE UNION: - - IN THE THREE OTHER CORNERS - - THE PASCHAL LAMB; - - WITH THE MOTTOES - - _Pristinæ Virtutis Memor_, and _Vel Exuviæ Triumphant_, - - AND THE DISTINCTIONS ABOVE SPECIFIED. - - - - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF - -THE SECOND, - -OR - -QUEEN'S ROYAL REGIMENT OF FOOT. - - -[Sidenote: 1661] - -The Second Regiment of Foot was raised in 1661, for the purpose -of providing a garrison for _Tangier_, a fortress on the northern -coast of Africa, which was ceded to England as part of the marriage -portion of Donna Catherina, Infanta of Portugal, who, in the -following year, was married to King Charles II[1]. - -The command of this regiment was conferred by King Charles II. on -Henry (second) Earl of Peterborough, whose commission as Colonel -bears date the 30th of September, 1661. - -King Charles II. having, soon after his restoration, disbanded the -army of the Commonwealth, the ranks of Lord Peterborough's regiment -were speedily completed with disciplined soldiers: it is reported -to have assembled on Putney heath on the 14th of October, 1661, and -to have numbered one thousand men. - -The destination of Lord Peterborough's regiment to garrison so -valuable a portion of Her Majesty's dower was, no doubt, the -cause of its early advancement to royal favour: it was designated -'the _Queen's_,' and the _Paschal Lamb_, the distinguishing badge -of Portugal, was placed on its colours, and has ever since been -continued to be borne by the regiment[2]. - -[Sidenote: 1662] - -In a few months after its formation, the _Earl of Peterborough_ -embarked with his regiment and a troop of horse[3], and arrived at -_Tangier_ on the 29th of January, 1662, where he found a British -fleet, under the command of the _Earl of Sandwich_, lying in the -roads, and _Sir Richard Steyner_, with a detachment of officers -and seamen, occupying the town: a duty from which the _Queen's_ -Regiment, relieved them on the following day[4]. - -The fortress was already surrounded by walls upwards of a mile and -a quarter in extent, but the English began constructing, at immense -cost both of money and labour, a series of external fortifications. -It was also determined to form a secure harbour by building a pier, -or mole, several hundred yards in length. A spirit of enterprise, -which has since become so conspicuous in British subjects, was, at -this early period, strongly evinced in these improvements, carried -on amidst barbarian tribes on the unpromising shores of Africa. - -Tangier was announced after its occupation 'a place of such -concernment that all the world will envy the English the attainment -of it;' but this opinion was founded more on an expectation that -the new colony would open a mart for trade, and bring to our -influence, if not to our power, the adjoining states. It was, -however, an acquisition of consequence to a nation aiming at -commercial rivalry at a time when the voyage to India by the Cape -of Good Hope was of rare occurrence. Tangier was situated so as -to be a convenient resting-place for the Mediterranean trader, -similar to what Gibraltar affords at the present time. These -speculations gave the command a great importance, made evident by -the warrant from King Charles II. on the appointment of the _Earl -of Peterborough_ to his government. It designates him '_Captain -General, Chief Governor, and Vice-Admiral of our City of Tangier, -and of the ports and coasts adjacent, and any of our dominions -and territories, castles and forts, in or near the kingdom of -Tangier, Fez, and Morocco, in Africa, which are or shall be in our -possession, or reduced to our obedience, &c._' - -On the arrival of Lord Peterborough at _Tangier_, he found Gaylan, -the sovereign chief of Fez, with a body of 10,000 men, encamped -within a league of the fortress. A treaty of peace was concluded -between these commanders, and limits were fixed, beyond which the -English were not to forage or cultivate. No great reliance was -placed by the British on their new ally, and accounts from the new -colony state, 'how the Moors will observe these articles we know -not; however, we are, and we still shall be, upon our guard.' - -[Sidenote: 1663] - -Three other battalions of infantry also proceeded to Tangier from -Dunkirk[5]. The friendly understanding which was established -with the natives was for some time interrupted only by trifling -skirmishes, in which the Moors satisfied themselves by beating -back, with sticks, those of the garrison who passed the stipulated -bounds. A jealousy was, however, very soon evinced; and upon -opposition being made to the English in prosecuting the works and -fortifications already alluded to, war burst out, in which the -number and ferocity of the Moors were defeated and overcome by -great discipline and courage on the part of the garrison. The use -of cannon by the Europeans at length diminished the courage of the -barbarians, but not before the garrison suffered severely. They had -already lost 250 men, and the Moors about 500, amongst whom was a -brother of Gaylan, when a peace was at length concluded in 1663, -and Lord Peterborough returned in the same year to England[6]. - -_The Earl of Peterborough_ was succeeded, both in the government -of Tangier and in the Colonelcy of the Queen's Regiment, by -Lieutenant-General ANDREW RUTHERFORD, _Earl of Teviot_ -(late Governor of Dunkirk), whose commission was dated the 9th -of April, 1663. This second governor of Tangier consolidated all -the infantry in garrison, and added them to the Queen's Tangier -Regiment; he also so beautified and strengthened the town, that he -obtained the title of its 'Restorer.' - -Gaylan, hearing of the progress of the works, assembled an army -of 4000 horse and 20,000 foot[7]; and at mid-day, on Sunday the -14th of June, 1663, when all the officers were at dinner, the -Moors surprised and carried the advance-posts and attacked the -great redoubt, where Major Ridgert of the Queen's Regiment, with -forty men, made a most gallant defence, until the garrison, led -by Colonel Norwood, sallied out, and charging the Moors with -signal bravery, retook all the posts which had been captured. -The garrison lost fourteen men killed and twenty wounded in this -encounter; and the enemy upwards of one hundred. In an account of -this action published at the time, it is stated, 'The Moors are men -of resolution, and have most excellent fire-arms. When the horse -charged us, he that did command them was clothed in crimson velvet, -who being killed, they all went off immediately; it is presumed, -therefore, that he was one of their chief men.' - -A second attack was subsequently made with 10,000 men, 'but the -most vigilant governor had so warily supplied the defects of the -place, by planting great guns to annoy the assailants, that though -the assault was very sharp, the enemy was beaten off with the loss -of 900 men[8].' - -In August a peace was concluded for six months, and a free trade -was opened with the Moors, 'they daily bringing their camels laden -with commodities, and in return they get money and other things.' -Further additions were also made to the works, which again gave -rise to acts of hostility, and in one encounter the garrison -captured a splendid scarlet standard. A correspondence was opened -with Gaylan--the Earl of Teviot insisted on making additional -works--Gaylan objected, when his Lordship replied, 'he must have -peace on those terms, or war without them.' The latter was the -result, and led to numerous losses, particularly of the natives, in -attempts to assault the fortress. - -[Sidenote: 1664] - -The chief losses sustained by the garrison of Tangier were in -the sallies they made into the adjacent country to obtain fresh -provisions. The Moors had a custom of driving two or three hundred -head of cattle within sight of the walls, and planting a body of -men in ambuscade, ready to fall on the detachment, which military -ardour, to say nothing of a natural wish for fresh beef, was -sure to bring beyond the cover of the fortress. These skirmishes -frequently brought on more serious engagements, and in a sally made -by the garrison on the 4th of May, 1664, the _Earl of Teviot_[9] -met his death. - -The Earl of Teviot was succeeded in the command of the Queen's -Regiment by Colonel, afterwards Lieutenant-General _Henry Norwood_, -whose commission is dated the 10th of June, 1664. The government -of Tangier at this time was bestowed by His Majesty on _John -Lord Bellasyse_, a younger son of the _Earl of Fauconberg_, who -arrived at his government in April 1665, on board the Smyrna fleet, -consisting of 'seven lusty, brave ships.' - -[Sidenote: 1665] - -[Sidenote: 1666] - -_Lord Bellasyse_ found the judicious arrangements of the late -Commander-in-Chief had rendered Tangier impregnable to its -enemies, who by this time were much disheartened, and inclined to -terminate hostilities. A peace was concluded in the following year, -and Lord Bellasyse was himself the bearer of it to England, where -he arrived in May, 1666. The London Gazette states his favourable -reception by His Majesty, and great expectations of future -prosperity to Tangier were raised from his report. - -_General Norwood_, who has been mentioned as succeeding, on -the death of the Earl of Teviot, to the command of the Queen's -Regiment, was now appointed to succeed Lord Bellasyse in his -government. His administration was that of a judicious and vigilant -officer; he acquired the confidence of the Moors, and conciliated -Gaylan the sovereign chief of Fez. General Norwood's proceedings -among the natives were considered so honourable, and his character, -altogether, stood so high, that the Emperor _Muley Xeriff_ admitted -him to traffic at Tetuan free of imposts; a most beneficial offer, -which he failed not to accept, as it so much concerned the welfare -of Tangier, 'to whose advancement,' says Addison, 'he always -declared a singular propensity.' - -[Sidenote: 1668] - -The death of this valuable officer, which occurred in 1668, made -room for the appointment of _John Earl of Middleton_, whose -commission, as Governor of Tangier, and as Colonel of the Queen's -Regiment, is dated the 15th of May, 1668. - -It was during the colonelcy of the Earl of Middleton, when war had -been resumed with the ferocious Moors, that this regiment had the -honour of numbering amongst its volunteers the man who afterwards -became the most successful and most celebrated general of his -age;--'the man who never fought a battle which he did not gain, or -besieged a town which he failed to reduce,--JOHN CHURCHILL, -DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH.' Mr. Churchill was at this time about -twenty years of age, and held an ensign's commission in the Foot -Guards, but made his first essays, in actual service, beneath the -walls of Tangier, where he eagerly engaged in the frequent sallies -and skirmishes of the garrison, giving, in this desultory warfare, -the first indication of his active and daring character. - -[Sidenote: 1675] - -After an administration of nearly seven years, the Earl of -Middleton died in the fortress, on the 25th of January, 1675[10]. -He was succeeded in the command of _Tangier_, and also in the -colonelcy of the Queen's Regiment, on the 5th of March, 1675, by -_William O'Brien, Earl of Inchiquin_. - -[Sidenote: 1678] - -Tangier had by this time so increased in strength and importance, -that its occupation by the English was become an object of -jealousy, not only to the natives of the country, but to all -European powers. The fortifications had been rendered secure, -and the harbour had been improved, and now afforded a safe -anchorage. These important points had not been attained without -great opposition from the Moors, and much credit was given to the -garrison for their conduct and steady perseverance in the arduous -duties they had to perform. We find acknowledgment made of them by -the journals of the day in the following terms:--'Many and various -have been the warlike exploits of the heroic English against -the barbarians, during the possession of this famous garrison -of Tangier, so much renowned throughout the world, standing as -commandress of those seas, and a protection to shipping from the -Turkish pirates.' The Oxford Gazette of the same period also -contains a letter from Tangier, reporting a threatened attack from -a French fleet, and adds, 'the soldiers, far from being surprised -at the news, are infinitely rejoiced at it, expecting them with -much impatience.' Thus we find the Queen's Regiment was ever at its -post, and had for eighteen years, almost single-handed, maintained -this important fortress, in defiance of numerous assaults from the -equally destructive effects of war and climate. - -[Sidenote: 1680] - -Towards the termination of the Earl of Inchiquin's[11] command -Tangier became an object of still greater attention in England. The -Emperor of Morocco had joined with the forces of Fez, and a crusade -was carrying on against the Christian occupants of this part of -Africa; Europeans were found ready to direct the operations of the -savages, and the war assumed an importance hitherto not bestowed on -it. The following is an account given at the time:-- - -'The Moors being vexed, knowing it was impossible to make their -approaches against Tangier above ground, resolved to effect it by -drawing lines and working underneath the earth; which stratagem of -war, it is supposed, they learnt from several French and Spanish -mercenaries whom they keep in pay: this practice they were before -quite ignorant of.'--The public journals also speak indignantly of -some English who clandestinely imported 1500 barrels of gunpowder -to the enemy, and say, ''Tis too often the custom of our nation to -give away their swords, and fight with their teeth, and furnish -our foes with means to cut our own throats.' Numerous losses -sustained by the garrison, together with the increased force of the -assailants, rendered it requisite to send reinforcements to the -relief of the former. For this purpose a detachment left Ireland -in the spring of 1680, consisting of four companies of the Royal -Regiment of Foot; twelve other companies of the same regiment -followed in the same year; five companies of the Foot Guards also -sailed for the same destination under the Earl of Mulgrave. - -In addition to the above reinforcements, a new regiment was raised -in 1680, of which _Charles Fitz Charles, Earl of Plymouth_, (a -natural son of King Charles II.) was appointed Colonel, and -embarked on this service. This latter corps was called 'the Second -Tangier Regiment,' and is now the 4th, or King's Own Regiment. - -It has been stated that the Duke of Marlborough was initiated at -Tangier in the first rudiments of war. The same theatre for the -display of British valour and enterprise was at this time chosen by -several other volunteers, among whom were Charles Lord Mordaunt, -the afterwards celebrated Earl of Peterborough, and others of rank -and celebrity. - -In the year 1680 the Earl of Inchiquin vacated his appointment on -being made Governor of Jamaica. Colonel Sir Palmes Fairborne[12], -of the Queen's Regiment, who succeeded to the command of the -fortress on the departure of the Earl of Inchiquin, was, in -consequence of his gallant and meritorious services, confirmed in -the appointment by his Majesty. The demise of this brave officer, -however, occurred before the commission for his appointment was -signed; he was wounded in an action with the Moors on the 24th of -October, 1680, and died three days after, leaving the charge of the -garrison to Lieutenant-Colonel Edward Sackville, of the Coldstream -Foot Guards[13]. On the 27th of October the garrison attacked the -enemy's lines with determined bravery, and the Queen's Regiment is -reported to have '_behaved to admiration_[14].' Considerable loss -was however sustained by the English; 'not above fifty men were -left in one of the battalions of Lord Inchiquin's Regiment (the -Queen's): the English and Scotch behaved as brave and gallant men, -and the Gentlemen Volunteers have alike proved themselves men of -courage.' - -The Queen's Regiment had Ensign Watson, Ensign Trent, and -thirty-four men killed; and Captain Philpot, Lieutenants Guy and -Tate, Ensigns Roberts, Thomas, Fitzpatrick, Webster, Norwood, -Beckford, and Elliott, with 124 men wounded. - -[Sidenote: 1681] - -In a short period after the above engagement, his Majesty -was pleased to appoint Lieutenant-Colonel Sackville to be -Lieutenant-Colonel of the Queen's Regiment of Foot Guards, by which -he was removed from service at Tangier. - -[Sidenote: 1682] - -The Government of Tangier was next conferred upon Colonel Piercy -Kirke[15], who, on the death of the Earl of Plymouth, had been -promoted, on the 27th of November 1680, to the Colonelcy of the 2nd -Tangier Regiment, with which Regiment he had embarked for Africa as -Lieutenant-Colonel in September of that year. He was removed to the -Colonelcy of the Queen's Regiment on the 19th of April, 1682, in -succession to Colonel Sir Palmes Fairborne, deceased. - -During Colonel Kirke's services at Tangier, he had been frequently -employed upon missions to the Emperor of Morocco. In Ockley's -'Account of South-west Barbary,' there is a letter from the Emperor -to him, dated the 27th of October, 1682, which shows that there -was a mutual interchange of civilities between them; it is written -to acknowledge the receipt of a present of three English horses, -which, however thankful he might be, the Emperor seems to think -might have been improved upon, for he remarks, 'everybody knows -that a carriage requires _four_ horses to travel.' - -The support of the colony of Tangier appears to have been a matter -of serious dispute between the King and the Parliament: repeatedly -the King urged upon the House of Commons the importance of the -place, and the House as often acknowledged it; but still withheld -the supplies necessary for its defence. - -The advantage derived from the Levant trade, the fact that two -millions of money had been expended on the works, and various -arguments in favour of maintaining Tangier, were at length fully -set forth in a speech from His Majesty on the 17th of November, -1680: a reply was made to it in eighteen articles, but the -following remarks will sufficiently explain the whole affair, and -account for the final sacrifice of the colony:-- - -'It was said by the Parliament that the money granted for works -had been misapplied;--that the same thing might happen again; and -although they were, indeed, afraid of Tangier, they were more -afraid of a popish successor.--It was a nursery, not only for -popish soldiers, but also for priests and religious persons too, -and that there had been sometimes a popish governor of the place, -so that to succour it was but to augment their present evils.' - -In December, 1680, and again, in a Royal Declaration, dated the -8th of April, 1681, its great importance was urged. At length, in -1683, the King, finding the expense of maintaining the garrison -and fortifications greater than he was willing, or, unassisted by -Parliament, able to bear, came to the resolution of recalling the -one, and demolishing the other. - -[Sidenote: 1683] - -[Sidenote: 1684] - -About the end of the year 1683, Admiral Lord Dartmouth was sent -to Tangier with twenty sail of the line, with orders to demolish -the fortress and mole, and to bring away the inhabitants and -garrison. Great sufferings had been endured for some time for want -of supplies from England, and much joy was evinced by the former -on the announcement being made. In six months all the arrangements -to abandon this once favourite colony being completed, the final -evacuation took place in April, 1684. The Portuguese government had -offered a remuneration to have Tangier restored to that nation, -but their power of defending it was questionable, and it was not -considered prudent to risk so important a fortress falling into the -hands of the Moors. - -There are no means of ascertaining the number of officers and -men lost by the Queen's Regiment during the twenty-two years of -its service at Tangier; but to judge from the casualties amongst -officers of superior rank, it must have been immense. The regiment -had steadily persevered in performing the arduous duties required -of it, and now retired from its post when a final evacuation of the -fortress took place, by the King's command. - -The Queen's Regiment left Tangier in April, 1684; and on its -arrival in England it mustered 560 men, who were portioned into 16 -companies. This number was part of 2300 troops, which had comprised -the garrison of Tangier, and which, beside the Queen's Regiment, -included - - 4 Troops of horse, which were incorporated in the Royal Dragoons. - - 5 Companies of Foot Guards. - - 16 Companies of Earl of Dumbarton's (now 1st or Royal Regiment). - - 16 Companies Trelawny's 2nd Tangier Regiment (now 4th or King's - Own). - - 1 Company of Miners. - - 4 Independent Companies. - -[Sidenote: 1685] - -The want of confidence alluded to, as existing at this epoch -between the Court and Parliament of England, did not terminate -with the death of King Charles II., which event occurred on the -6th of February, 1685. His successor King James II. had scarcely -ascended his throne, when the army was called upon to protect him -from the designs of disaffected subjects, headed by the Duke of -Monmouth, who had landed from Holland, and raised the standard of -rebellion in the west of England. On this occasion the Queen's -Regiment formed part of the forces assembled under the Earl of -Feversham, and it is reported, that at the decisive battle of -_Sedgemoor_, where Monmouth and his party were defeated, and his -cause irretrievably ruined, 'the two Tangier regiments, Kirke's -and Trelawny's, did good service[16].' Colonel Kirke was promoted -to the rank of Brigadier-General on the 11th of May, 1685, and -afterwards appointed to command at Bridgewater. - -Here we would willingly close the detail of this unfortunate -affair; but there have been too frequent allusions to Kirke, -and also to his regiment, by various historians, as connected -with subsequent proceedings in Monmouth's rebellion to justify -such a course. Lord Chief Justice Jeffreys was appointed by King -James to conduct a special commission, and to pass judgment on -the misguided people who had aided the ill-fated Duke and his -adherents: Kirke with his regiment was ordered to escort the -judges in their circuit; numerous are the acts of barbarity which -history has handed down as perpetrated by Jeffreys and Kirke in -what were termed the 'bloody assizes,' and we are told that no -less than 261 persons were executed. The remorseless character -said to have been evinced by Kirke on the occasion was supposed to -be the result of the long and sanguinary wars he had been engaged -in with the barbarians in Africa; but _Savage_, in his history -of Taunton, states, that 'on Kirke being afterwards upbraided -for his conduct by General Foulks, he excused himself, and said -he had an express order from the King and his General, and that -his commission went further.' Kirke is represented as 'a loose -and bold soldier of fortune;' and there cannot be a doubt but -he made himself a willing agent to his ermined and sanguinary -coadjutor; but we are inclined to believe his vices have been -greatly exaggerated. The most outrageous acts attributed to Kirke -were said to have been perpetrated in the neighbourhood of Taunton; -and a piece of ground, west of the castle, where he and his force -were cantoned, was called '_Tangier_,' in allusion to the services -of his regiment. Had the conduct of Colonel Kirke approached the -violence attributed to him, it is not very probable that in the -short space of four years it would have been so lost sight of as to -admit a demonstration of joy similar to the following, noticed by -the historian of Taunton already quoted: 'The people of Taunton, -in commemoration of his (Kirke's) relieving Derry, when besieged -by James II. in 1689, devoted an evening to the drinking of his -health in public, the expenses of which may be now seen in an old -church book.' Zeal for party, or misstatement, are at all times -liable to disfigure the pages of history; and if the case of Kirke -is not admitted as exemplifying this fact, a very short statement -will show that the character of _his regiment_ has been unjustly -implicated in these outrages. Dr. Toulmin and other writers remark, -that the name of '_lambs_' was given by Colonel Kirke to his -soldiers, who were most ready to execute his cruel orders; but the -truth is, that the regiment, as already shown, had the device of a -_Lamb_ on its colours and appointments from its first formation, -and continues to bear it to this day. From this circumstance they -were called 'The Lambs' long before the period alluded to, and -without any connexion with its services in the West of England at -this unhappy period. - -[Sidenote: 1686] - -After the decease of King Charles II. this regiment was styled -'_The Queen Dowager's Regiment of Foot_.' During the two years -which followed Monmouth's rebellion, the Queen Dowager's Regiment -formed part of a body of 12,000 troops assembled in camps for -exercise on Hounslow Heath. King James made great efforts to -ingratiate himself with this army: his success, as well as his -object, on the occasion, will be inferred from the following -remark given by Bishop Burnet--'That which abated the King's joy -in seeing so brave an army about him, was, that it was visible, -and on so many occasions, that his soldiers had as great an -aversion to his religion as his other subjects had expressed.' An -anecdote related of Colonel Kirke is further illustrative of the -times:--when asked respecting a change of religion, he is stated -briefly to have replied, 'he was pre-engaged; for he had promised -the Emperor of Morocco, if ever he changed his religion, he would -turn _Mahomedan_.' - -[Illustration: FIRST TANGIER REGIMENT OF FOOT, MDCLXXXVII.; NOW -SECOND (THE QUEEN'S ROYAL) REGIMENT OF FOOT. [_To face page 18._] - -[Sidenote: 1688] - -An attempt to displace Protestants from various situations, civil -and military, and to substitute Catholics, as well as to force -popish recruits into the army, and other causes, at length brought -on the _Revolution_; and at this important crisis we find the -Queen Dowager's Regiment faithful to the best interests of its -country. The Prince of Orange (afterwards William III.) made -good his landing at Torbay early in November, 1688, and marched -to Exeter. The advanced position of King James's army was at -Warminster, and comprised two battalions of Dumbarton's Regiment -(the Royals) and Kirke's (the Queen's), a troop of Life Guards, -and the Queen Consort's Regiment of Horse, now the First Dragoon -Guards. The whole was commanded by Brigadier-General Kirke, who, -on some frivolous pretence, refused to march to Devizes, for -which he was placed in arrest, and ordered to London. The King, -deserted by many of his followers, and even by a portion of his own -family, adopted the resolution of retreating towards London, and -caused his forces to retire behind the Thames to Staines and its -neighbourhood; and ultimately, his Majesty vacating his throne, -without any government being nominated, left the troops at liberty -to use their own discretion. Little opposition was made to the -advance of the Prince of Orange, who was soon joined by Kirke, -and the latter was received by his new monarch with particular -distinction. - -[Sidenote: 1689] - -King James II., with a view of maintaining his authority in -Ireland, and assisted by Louis XIV., embarked from France, -and landed at Dublin in March, 1689. The Protestants in that -country were determined to resist his dominion, particularly at -Londonderry, where, under the gallant direction of the Rev. George -Walker, rector of Donoghmore, they nobly defended that city for -several months, notwithstanding the Governor, Colonel Lundy, -Colonel Thomas Cunningham, 9th Foot, and Colonel Solomon Richards, -17th Foot, had resolved, in a council of war, that the place was -not tenable, and that it would be imprudent to land those two -regiments which had been sent to their assistance: these officers -were in consequence cashiered, and the most active measures were -taken for sending a further number of troops from England to the -assistance of the Protestants, and to the relief of Londonderry. - -Major-General Kirke was appointed to the command of the troops -embarked on this service, on which the Queen Dowager's Regiment -was employed, and, with Sir John Hanmer's (the 11th) Regiment, -sailed from Liverpool on the 21st of May. Great difficulties were -encountered in gaining access to Londonderry on account of the -batteries which had been erected on each side of the river by the -besieging army. At length the ship Mountjoy, under convoy of the -Dartmouth frigate, forced a boom or barrier which had been placed -across the river to obstruct the entrance, and General Kirke -succeeded in landing men and provisions. The troops of King James -were so dispirited by the success of this enterprize, that they -abandoned the siege in the night, and retired with precipitation, -after having lost some thousands of men before the place. - -[Sidenote: 1690] - -The Queen Dowager's Regiment continued in Ireland, and served -with distinction in the army of King William at the battle of the -_Boyne_ on the 1st of July, 1690. It was also employed in the siege -of _Limerick_; in the relief of _Birr_; and in December drove a -division of the enemy out of _Lanesborough_. - -[Sidenote: 1691] - -In 1691 four men per company were mounted, and performed dragoon's -duty[17]: the grenadier company was also mounted. In February the -mounted part of the regiment distinguished itself in an action -at the _Moat of Grenogue_; and the remainder of the regiment took -_Cairn Castle_ and _Conway Castle_. In May the regiment defeated a -body of Rapparees near _Wyands-Town_. It was afterwards employed -at the siege of _Athlone_, which was carried by storm on the 30th -of June, 1691. It is recorded that 'never was a more desperate -service, nor was ever exploit performed with more valour and -intrepidity.' Lieut.-General De Ginkell, to whom King William had -entrusted the command of his army, was created Earl of Athlone -for his conduct and success on this occasion. On the 4th of July -ten mounted grenadiers of the Queen's Regiment and twenty horse, -engaged 400 of the enemy's cavalry in the woods of _Clanoult_, and -displayed astonishing bravery. Our men defended a bridge until half -their numbers were killed, and then retired. - -The Queen Dowager's Regiment was engaged at the decisive battle -of _Aghrim_, in the county of Galway, on the 12th of July, 1691, -when the French General St. Ruth was killed, and about 4000 of his -troops. It was also engaged in the second siege of Limerick; and on -the 22nd of September distinguished itself in an attack upon the -works which covered Thoumond Bridge. So great was the loss of the -enemy, that the place surrendered a few days afterwards. - -The ambition and power of Louis XIV. caused England to unite with -other nations to check the designs of France, and in 1689 the Earl -of Marlborough proceeded to Flanders with several English regiments -to join the army of the confederacy. In 1691 King William assumed -the command of the allied forces in Flanders. - -The war in Ireland having ended with the capitulation of Limerick, -King William was thereby enabled to withdraw some regiments from -that country, and to re-inforce his army in Flanders: the Queen -Dowager's Regiment was one of those selected for foreign service, -on which it immediately proceeded. - -Lieutenant-General Kirke, who was promoted to that rank on the -24th of December, 1690, joined the army in Flanders, and died at -Breda on the 31st of October, 1691. The Colonelcy of the Queen -Dowager's Regiment was conferred on Colonel William Selwyn, from -the Coldstream Foot Guards, on the 18th of December, 1691. - -[Sidenote: 1692] - -In the spring of 1692, the preparations making by Louis XIV. of -France, and the late King James II., for the invasion of England, -caused King William to send back some of the regiments, which had -been sent from Ireland to join the army in the Low Countries; -amongst others the Queen Dowager's returned, and was encamped -at Portsmouth. The glorious victory off La Hogue, obtained at -this critical period by the gallant exertions of the fleet under -Admiral Russell, dispelled all fear of invasion, and distracted -the councils of the enemy. Seven thousand of the force assembled -at Portsmouth, including the _Queen Dowager's_ Regiment, were -embarked under the Duke of Leinster with the intention of returning -the compliment by making a descent on the coast of France; but -this expedition being postponed, and ultimately abandoned, in -consequence of the lateness of the season, the troops were ordered -to proceed to Flanders. They landed at Ostend on the 22nd of -August, and took and fortified the neighbouring towns of Furnes and -Dixmude. - -[Sidenote: 1693] - -The Queen Dowager's Regiment continued to form part of the army -on the continent, serving with distinction in various operations -there, and more particularly at the battle of _Landen_ on the 29th -of July, 1693, where it was posted in the left wing of the allied -army, and in conjunction with the regiment of _Hamilton_ (the -Royals) defeated a superior force of the enemy, and retarded, for a -time, the disasters of the day. Nothing could surpass the courage -and perseverance of King William, whose presence with this portion -of his troops urged them on to deeds of the greatest heroism. At -length, weakened by repeated attacks from a far more numerous army, -and having their ammunition expended, they retired, leaving their -enemy little more than the name of a victory, for the Duke of -Luxembourg gained no advantages, and his army had a greater number -of officers and men killed and wounded than the allies. The Queen -Dowager's Regiment lost in this battle Captain Collins, Captain -Sandys, Lieutenant Campbell, Ensign Burt, and about 100 men. - -[Sidenote: 1695] - -The Queen Dowager's had also the glory of being in the line of -circumvallation at the siege of _Namur_, and at the reduction of -that fortress in August, 1695, which event was looked upon as one -of the greatest in King William's military life. _Namur_ was so -well furnished and prepared for this attack, and so well situated, -that the attempt to reduce it was considered one of the utmost -temerity. It was defended by 15,000 chosen men, and commanded by a -Marshal of France (Boufflers) who 'made the point one of the King's -glory.' He was, however, forced to capitulate, after losing nearly -two-thirds of his garrison, and the place was occupied by King -William within two months from his investing it. On this occasion -Colonel Selwyn, commanding the Queen's, was promoted to the rank of -Brigadier-General. - -[Sidenote: 1696] - -In the winter of 1695-6, the king of France assembled an army near -Calais, for a descent upon England in favour of King James, who -had privately concerted measures for a rebellion in this country, -and had sent the Duke of Berwick with a number of officers in -disguise, through whose persuasions 2000 men were prepared to -rise, at a moment's notice, under the directions of Sir John -Fenwick[18]; at the same time a conspiracy was formed in London -for the assassination of King William, and fifty men were engaged -and prepared with arms to commit the diabolical act. The Queen -Dowager's and several other regiments were immediately ordered to -England to resist the threatened invasion. The plot was, however, -discovered; many of the conspirators were apprehended and executed; -and the designs of the enemy frustrated. - -[Sidenote: 1697] - -The regiment remained in England until the summer of 1697, when -it again proceeded to the Netherlands, joined the army encamped -before Brussels on the 14th of July, and on the 16th was reviewed -by his Majesty. This war was terminated in September by the Peace -of Ryswick; and the regiment returned to England the same year. The -establishment of the regiment after the peace was 44 officers, and -884 non-commissioned officers and men. - -[Sidenote: 1701] - -On the 28th of June, 1701, General Selwyn exchanged from the -Queen's to the 22nd Regiment of Foot, with Sir Henry Bellasis, Kt. - -The throne of Spain having become vacant by the death of King -Charles II., which took place in 1701, the Duke of Anjou was -crowned king, under the title of Philip V., and was supported by -his grandfather Louis XIV. of France. - -The conduct of France alarmed the other Powers of Europe, and the -death of the late King of England, James II., having taken place -at St. Germains on the 16th of September, 1701, the resentment of -England against France was further called forth by Louis XIV. -having proclaimed his son, (the pretended Prince of Wales) King of -England, Scotland, and Ireland, and having also influenced Spain to -concur in the same affront and indignity. - -[Sidenote: 1702] - -War was determined, and whilst active preparations were making for -prosecuting it, King William III. received a fall from his horse, -and his death took place on the 8th of March, 1702. His policy was -adopted by his successor, Queen Anne, who entered into treaties of -alliance with the Emperor of Germany, the States General of the -United Provinces, and other princes and potentates, for preserving -the liberty and balance of Europe, and for reducing the exorbitant -power of France. - -Declaration of war was accordingly proclaimed against France and -Spain on the 4th of May, 1702. The importance of rescuing Spain -from foreign oppression, and of checking the ambitious views of -France, was also acknowledged by the English Parliament, and -liberal provision was made for increasing the means of prosecuting -the war with activity and vigour, both by sea and land. - -The Earl of Marlborough was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the -English troops in Holland, whither he had proceeded as Ambassador -Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, immediately after her Majesty's -accession to the throne. - -In the beginning of June, 1702, it was arranged that a naval force, -consisting of fifty sail of the line, besides frigates, under -Admiral Sir George Rooke, and a land force, consisting of nearly -fourteen thousand men, under the command of the Duke of Ormond, -should proceed to the coast of Spain. The following corps were -employed on this service; namely,-- - - Corps. Present title. Officers and - men. - - Lloyd's Dragoons 3rd Light Dragoons (Detachment) 275 - *Foot Guards 1st and Coldstream 755 - *Sir H. Bellasis' 2nd Foot 834 - *Churchill's 3rd " 834 - *Seymour's 4th " 834 - *Columbine's 6th " 724 - *Royal Fusileers 7th " (3 Companies) 313 - Erle's 19th " 724 - Gustavus Hamilton's 20th " 724 - Villiers's (Marines) 31st Foot (5 Companies) 520 - *Fox's (Marines) 32nd " 834 - Donegal's 35th " 724 - Charlemont's 36th " 724 - *Shannon's (Marines) 834 - ------ - { Commanded by Baron } 9653 - Dutch Regiments { Sparr and Brigadier} 3924 - { Pallandt. } ------ - 13,577 - - _The Regiments marked thus * landed at Vigo._ - -The armament appeared off Cadiz on the 12th of August, and the Duke -summoned the place; but his terms being refused, he landed on the -15th, between Rota and Fort St. Catherine, where he encountered and -repulsed some Spanish cavalry. The next operation of the army was -the attack and capture of Fort St. Catherine and of Port St. Mary; -but the attempt on Cadiz failed. - -Bishop Burnet, in alluding to this expedition, remarks--'It is -certain our court had false accounts of the state the place was -in, both with relation to the garrison and the fortifications; the -garrison was much stronger, and the fortifications were in a better -state than was represented.' As a set-off to the miscarriage at -Cadiz, the expedition did good service and made a valuable conquest -at Vigo Bay, where the galleons from the West Indies, convoyed by -a French squadron, happened at this time to arrive[19]. A passage -of three quarters of a mile, which led into the harbour of Vigo, -was defended by forts on shore, and secured by a boom extending -across the channel; the latter was also protected within by five -line-of-battle ships, and flanked by two others. To facilitate -the attack on this formidable barrier, the Duke of Ormond landed -a portion of his army six miles from Vigo, and took by assault a -battery of forty pieces of cannon, situated at the entrance of -the bay. A British ensign, hoisted on this fort, was the signal -for a general attack; the fleet in full sail approached, broke -the boom at the first shock, and became closely engaged with the -enemy's ships, whilst the British troops that had landed stormed -and captured the batteries. After a vigorous defence, the French, -finding they could not escape, destroyed a part of their fleet; -but ten ships of war and eleven galleons were, notwithstanding, -captured. This glorious exploit was tarnished by some abuses -practised during the expedition; and so great was the plunder at -Port St. Mary, and at Vigo, that a proclamation was issued for its -recovery. Amongst others implicated in those disgraceful acts was -_Sir Henry Bellasis_, who was second in command of the land forces, -and was tried by a court-martial on his return to England, and -dismissed the service. After this expedition the Queen Dowager's -Regiment was landed and stationed at Portsmouth[20]. - -[Sidenote: 1703] - -The Colonelcy of the Queen Dowager's Regiment was next conferred -on Lieutenant-General _David Colyear, Earl of Portmore_, whose -commission was dated the 27th of February, 1703. - -In the early part of the year 1703 Queen Anne augmented her forces -in the Netherlands. The Queen Dowager's was one of the corps that -proceeded from England on the occasion, and joined the Duke of -Marlborough, who was in command of the allied army, and began -operations in the month of April. On the 10th of May following, -the Queen Dowager's Regiment had an opportunity of distinguishing -itself by a service, which evinced the utmost intrepidity and -discipline, and, in fact, saved part of the allied army from being -surprised by the enemy, and probably from severe defeat. The _Duke -of Marlborough_, being engaged in the siege of _Bonn_, and the -forces under _Marshal D'Auverquerque_ dispersed in quarters, the -French Marshals _Villeroy_ and _Boufflers_ determined to attempt -the surprise of the latter: by a night march they arrived with a -force of 40,000 men in the neighbourhood of _Tongres_, which was -occupied by two battalions of foot,--one of _Elst_, (afterwards -disbanded,) and the other of _Portmore_ (the Queen Dowager's). - -The speedy reduction of _Tongres_ was necessary to the success -of the French Marshals, and it was accordingly attacked with -great vigour; but the two regiments defended themselves, with -extraordinary bravery, _for twenty-eight hours_; and when at -length reduced to surrender, they had secured time for _Marshal -D'Auverquerque_ to collect his forces in a position under the -cannon of Maestricht, so strong, that the enemy declined a general -engagement. - -For its conduct at Tongres the Queen Dowager's Regiment was made -_Royal_, and obtained the motto, '_Pristinæ Virtutis Memor_.' - -Shortly after the above gallant affair, the capture of the fortress -of _Huy_ by the confederates enabled the Commander-in-Chief -to obtain the release of the brave corps which had been made -prisoners at _Tongres_, and the following provision was made -for that purpose; _viz._:-- 'The Governor, 900 men, and two -Brigadier-Generals to remain prisoners of war, till the two -regiments taken by the French at Tongres are released.' These terms -were speedily complied with. - -[Sidenote: 1704] - -Archduke Charles of Austria having been acknowledged as sovereign -of Spain by a great part of Europe, was seconded in his efforts -to establish his claim by a combined English and Dutch force, -commanded by the Duke of Schomberg; and he was further encouraged -in his undertaking by having Portugal for his ally. His object, was -to enter Spain by the Portuguese frontiers, and the auxiliary force -accordingly proceeded to Lisbon. The Queen Dowager's was one of -the regiments selected for this service, and having embarked from -Holland, the regiment landed at Lisbon on the 16th of March, 1704. -The Duke of Schomberg was succeeded in his command by the Earl -of Galway, who advanced with the army to the vicinity of Ciudad -Rodrigo, but returned to Portugal for winter quarters. - -[Sidenote: 1705] - -In the summer of 1705 the Queen Dowager's Regiment was engaged in -the siege of _Valencia de Alcantara_, which place was taken by -storm on the 8th of May. The regiment was also employed in the -siege and capture of _Albuquerque_; and in the unsuccessful attack -on _Badajoz_, in which the Earl of Galway lost his right hand by a -cannon ball. - -On the 31st of December, Catherine, Queen Dowager of England, with -whose history the early services of this regiment were connected, -and from whom its original title and distinctions (as already -remarked) were derived, died at Lisbon. Her Majesty was Regent of -Portugal during the summer, (the king her brother being with the -army) and had proved herself firmly attached to the interests of -Great Britain[21]. - -[Sidenote: 1706] - -In April, 1706, the regiment was engaged in the siege of -_Alcantara_, in Spanish Estramadura, and on the 10th of that month -distinguished itself in an attack on the enemy's post at the -Convent of St. Francis; it was afterwards engaged in the siege and -capture of _Ciudad Rodrigo_; and subsequently advanced with the -army to Madrid. - -This advance was in connexion with the operations of Charles, Earl -of Peterborough, and of the combined English and Dutch fleets, -the reduction of Barcelona, and the conquest of Catalonia and -Valencia,--features important in history, which reflect the highest -honour on the British arms. - -Success seemed secured to the allies, when the cause of _King -Charles III._, who had been proclaimed at the head of his -victorious army at Madrid, was destroyed in consequence of intrigue -and want of unanimity; and the army was obliged to retire from the -provinces it had conquered. - -[Sidenote: 1707] - -In the spring of 1707 the army, commanded by the Earl of Galway, -under the orders of the Marquis das Minas, invested Villena; at the -same time the opposing army, under the Duke of Berwick, advanced -to _Almanza_, where he was attacked by the allies on the 25th -of April. The enemy was considerably superior in numbers to the -confederates. Smollet remarks of this action, 'The English and -Dutch squadrons on the left, sustained by the Portuguese horse -of the second line, were overpowered after a gallant resistance. -The centre, consisting chiefly of battalions from Great Britain -and Holland, obliged the enemy to give way, and move their first -upon the second line; but the Portuguese cavalry on the right -being broken at their first charge, their foot betook themselves -to flight, so that the English and Dutch troops being exposed on -the flanks, were surrounded and attacked on every side. In this -dreadful emergency they formed themselves into a square, and -retired from the field of battle. By this time the men were quite -spent with fatigue, and their ammunition exhausted; they were -ignorant of the country, abandoned by their horse, destitute of -provisions, and out of all hope of supply. Moved by these dismal -considerations they capitulated, and surrendered themselves -prisoners of war, to the amount of thirteen battalions.' In this -disastrous battle the allies lost 5000 men killed on the spot. - -The following Return contains the number of officers killed, -wounded, and prisoners of war, in this most unfortunate battle. - - RETURN of the Number of the BRITISH OFFICERS - killed, wounded, and taken prisoners, at the battle of _Almanza_, - on the 25th of April, 1707. - - KEY: - - A = Colonels and Lieut.-Colonels. - B = Majors. - C = Captains. - D = Subalterns. - E = Staff and Quarter-Masters. - Dn. Gds. = Dragoon Guards - Dns. = Dragoons - - ===============================+===================++=================== - | KILLED. || PRISONERS. - REGIMENTS. +---+---+---+---+---++---+---+---+---+--- - | A | B | C | D | E || A | B | C | D | E - +---+---+---+---+---++---+---+---+---+--- - Harvey's Horse 2nd Dn. Gds.| 1| ..| 1| 1| ..|| ..| ..| ..| 2| 1 - Carpenter's Dns. 3rd Dns. | 1| ..| 1| 1| || | | | | - Lord Essex's 4th " | 1| ..| ..| 1| || | | | | - Killigrew's 8th " | 1| ..| ..| 1| || | | | | - Lord Peterborough's Dns. | 1| ..| 2| 1| 2|| | | | | - Edward Pearce's Dns. | 1| ..| ..| 2| 1|| ..| ..| 6| 2| - Foot Guards (1st and 2nd) | 1| ..| 2| ..| ..|| 2| ..| 3| 3| 2 - Lord Portmore's 2nd Foot | ..| ..| ..| 1| ..|| 1| 1| 6| 12| 1 - Southwell's 6th " | 1| ..| 4| 4| ..|| ..| ..| 2| 9| 3 - Stewart's 9th " | ..| ..| 5| 3| ..|| ..| ..| 4| 12| - Hill's 11th " | ..| 1| 3| 2| ..|| 1| 1| 5| 13| - Blood's 17th " | 2| 1| ..| ..| ..|| ..| ..| 4| 13| 1 - Lord Mordaunt's 28th " | ..| ..| 1| 1| ..|| 1| 1| 3| 12| - Wills's Marines 30th " | ..| ..| ..| ..| ..|| ..| ..| ..| 1| - Borr's Marines 32nd " | ..| ..| ..| ..| ..|| ..| ..| 1| ..| - Wade's 33rd " | ..| ..| 2| 3| ..|| ..| ..| 6| 11| - Gorge's 35th " | ..| ..| 3| ..| ..|| 1| ..| 5| 11| - Allnutt's 36th " | ..| ..| 2| 3| ..|| 3| ..| ..| 10| - Lord Montjoy's, disbanded | | | | | || | | | | - in 1713 | ..| ..| ..| 1| ..|| 2| 1| 1| 13| - Bowles's ditto | ..| ..| ..| ..| ..|| 1| ..| 8| 13| - Bretton's ditto | ..| ..| ..| 3| ..|| 3| ..| 7| 12| - Mackartney's ditto | 1| ..| ..| 4| ..|| 2| 1| 6| 11| 1 - Lord Mark Kerr's ditto | 2| ..| 3| 3| ..|| ..| 1| 2| 11| - Nassau's ditto | ..| ..| 1| 4| ..|| 1| 1| 6| 10| - +---+---+---+---+---++---+---+---+---+--- - Total | 13| 2| 30| 39| 3|| 18| 7| 69|181| 9 - Number of wounded | | | | | || | | | | - included as prisoners | ..| ..| ..| ..| ..|| 3| 1| 16| 67| 5 - ===============================+===+===+===+===+===++===+===+===+===+=== - -Of the Queen's Royal, Lieutenant Brady was killed; -Lieutenant-Colonel Kirke, Major Cullyford, Captains Laton, Arnott, -Hart, Gossin, Giles, and Phillips; Lieutenants Jackson, Slack, -May, Sawyers, Bracelay, Frazier, and Arthlony; Ensigns Nichols, -Brown, Graham, Johnson, and Downs, and Surgeon Dalrimple, were made -prisoners of war. - -The severe losses sustained on this occasion, and on other services -in Spain, induced the Earl of Galway to order the Queen's Royal and -the 9th Regiments of Foot, after transferring their serviceable men -to other regiments in Spain, to return to England, for the purpose -of recruiting their ranks. - -[Sidenote: 1708] - -The regiment accordingly arrived in England in 1708, and, by active -exertions, its casualties were soon replaced, and the men rendered -fit to enter upon active service. - -[Sidenote: 1710] - -_Lieutenant-Colonel Piercy Kirke_ was promoted Colonel by purchase, -on the 19th of September, 1710, _vice_ General the Earl of -Portmore[22]. He was the son of its old Colonel, Lieutenant-General -Kirke, and had served in the corps from the rank of Ensign, in 1686. - -[Sidenote: 1711] - -In 1711 the regiment formed part of a force of 5000 men ordered -to proceed to America under General Hill, and to make an attempt -on Quebec, with the object of effecting the conquest of Canada. A -large fleet of men-of-war formed part of the armament, which was -to be further strengthened by troops from the American colonies. -The expedition did not reach the river St. Lawrence until the -21st of August, when it encountered storms, and being furnished -with bad pilots, eight transports, a store ship, and a sloop were -lost by shipwreck, and 29 officers, 676 soldiers, and 35 women of -the 4th, 37th, Colonel Kane's, and Colonel Clayton's regiments, -perished. There was also a scarcity of provisions. It was therefore -determined, in a council of war, that further operations should -be abandoned. Some of the regiments engaged in the expedition -proceeded to Annapolis Royal, in Nova Scotia, but the Queen's -returned to England, and arrived at Portsmouth on the 9th of -October. - -[Sidenote: 1712] - -[Sidenote: 1713] - -In consequence of the sudden death of the Emperor Joseph of -Austria, and the election of Charles III. of Spain to the dignity -of Emperor of the Romans, negociations were entered into by -England and France, and hostilities were terminated by the peace -of Utrecht, which was concluded on the 31st of March, 1713. -The Queen's Royal were now permitted to remain for a period on -home-duty. - -Queen Anne was not unmindful of the arduous and faithful services -which had been rendered by her troops in time of need, and -recommended them to the consideration of parliament, as 'brave men -who had exposed their lives in the service of their country, and -could not be employed in time of peace.' - -[Sidenote: 1714] - -[Sidenote: 1727] - -After the demise of her Majesty Queen Anne, on the 1st of August, -1714, King George I. not having a Queen Consort, this regiment was -styled '_Her Royal Highness the Princess of Wales's own Regiment of -Foot_;' and when the death of King George I. on the 11th of June, -1727, brought the Princess of Wales to share the throne of England, -its appellation was again changed to '_The Queen's own Regiment of -Foot_.' - -[Sidenote: 1728] - -The Queen's own Regiment was reviewed on Blackheath, in June, 1728, -by his Majesty King George II., and furnished a guard of honour to -her Royal Highness the princess Amelia, during her residence at -Tunbridge Wells, in June and July, 1728. - -[Sidenote: 1730] - -In June, 1730, the regiment embarked for Gibraltar, and was -employed in that fortress in 1740, when it was blockaded by -the Spaniards, with whom war had been declared in 1739; but no -serious impression was made on the place at that time, nor at any -subsequent period of the war, which was terminated in 1748 by the -treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. - -[Sidenote: 1741] - -Lieutenant-General Kirke, after commanding the regiment upwards of -thirty years, died on the 1st of January, 1741; and was succeeded -on the 12th of August following by Colonel Thomas Fowke, from the -Forty-third Regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1749] - -In 1749, the year following the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, the -regiment embarked from Gibraltar, and proceeded to Ireland. - -[Sidenote: 1751] - -Prior to 1751, the several regiments, both of cavalry and infantry, -had been called after the names of their respective colonels: on -the 1st of July of this year, a royal warrant was issued, for -regulating the clothing, standards, guidons, colours, &c., of -regiments, in which _numerical_ titles were given to the regiments -of horse, dragoons, and foot. In this warrant the _Royal Regiment -of Foot_, from its antiquity, was numbered '_The First Regiment of -Foot_;' and the QUEEN'S ROYAL being the next in seniority, -was numbered '_The Second Regiment of Foot_.' - -[Sidenote: 1755] - -General Fowke was removed to the 14th Foot, and was succeeded in -the Colonelcy of the Second, or Queen's Royal, on the 12th of -November, 1755, by the Honourable John Fitzwilliam. - -[Sidenote: 1756] - -From the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, arts and sciences, trade and -manufactures, had greatly flourished in England, and a rivalry -existed with continental Europe for pre-eminence in advancing -refinements and civilization. This prosperous state of things was -interrupted in 1756 by war with France, and hostilities continued -during the remainder of the reign of George II., and for three -years in the reign of his successor George III. Peace was restored -in 1763 by the treaty of Paris. This war had been pursued with -vigour by Great Britain, whose fleets and armies triumphed in all -quarters of the world. The Queen's Regiment was kept on duty in -Ireland, which country was threatened by France with invasion. -That nation, however, found sufficient occupation for her troops -elsewhere, and the threat of invasion, as on other occasions, -terminated on the part of France in wasteful preparations and -presumptuous boast. - -[Sidenote: 1760] - -Major-General the Honourable John Fitzwilliam was removed to the -2nd Irish Horse, (now the 5th Dragoon Guards) and was succeeded by -Sir Charles Montague, K.B., on the 27th of November, 1760. - -[Sidenote: 1765] - -The Queen's Royal Regiment continued in Ireland until June, 1765, -when it was removed to the Isle of Man, where it remained until -1768. - -[Sidenote: 1768] - -In February, 1768, it was removed from the Isle of Man to Cork, -whence it embarked for Gibraltar to relieve the 54th Regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1775] - -It remained at Gibraltar until 1775, when it returned to England -and landed at Portsmouth on the 26th of December of that year. -Lieutenant-Colonel Oswald, who was then in command of the regiment, -issued, previous to its landing, some orders, expressing, among -other things, his hope that the corps would insure its welcome -to England, _after an absence of half a century_, by the closest -attention to its duties, both civil and military. - -[Sidenote: 1776] - -The first quarters occupied by the Queen's Royal on its return -to England were at Alton and Farnham, from whence the regiment -marched, on the 9th of May, 1776, on a route for the north. Passing -through London, the regiment was reviewed by its Colonel, Sir -Charles Montague, on the 14th, and by his Majesty King George III. -on the 17th of the same month, and arrived on the 26th of July at -Tynemouth barracks, where it continued three years. - -[Sidenote: 1777] - -Sir Charles Montague[23] dying in 1777, Lieutenant-General Daniel -Jones was promoted from the Third Foot Guards to the Colonelcy of -the Queen's Royal on the 7th of August of that year. - -[Sidenote: 1779] - -In the summer of 1779 the Queen's Royal was one of the regiments of -the line and militia assembled in the camp of exercise on Warley -Common, after which it was quartered in Rumford, Ongar, and Epping. - -[Sidenote: 1780] - -On the breaking out of the riots in London in 1780, the Queen's -Regiment was among the troops ordered to the metropolis, and -encamped in Hyde Park on the 7th of June, under the command of -Lieutenant-Colonel William Dalrymple, on which occasion it received -the thanks of Major-General Rainsford for its regularity and good -conduct. On the breaking up of the camp in Hyde Park in August -following, the Queen's Regiment, with a large portion of the troops -proceeded to Finchley Common. - -[Sidenote: 1783] - -[Sidenote: 1790] - -The regiment remained in England until the autumn of 1783, when it -again embarked for Gibraltar; and during the time of its service -in that garrison, his Royal Highness Prince Edward (afterwards -Duke of Kent) having arrived, was appointed to the command of the -Queen's, as appears from the following order, dated the 26th of -February, 1790:--'His Royal Highness Prince Edward is posted to -the Queen's Royal Regiment, of which he is to take command until -further orders.' In the ensuing August the command of the regiment -was resumed by Lieutenant-Colonel Woollicombe. - -[Sidenote: 1792] - -The regiment embarked from Gibraltar on the 25th of March, 1792, -and landed at Portsmouth on the 24th of April following, where -it went into barracks. On the 22nd of July it was encamped at -Wickham Bushes, near Bagshot, under the Duke of Richmond, with two -battalions of Royal Artillery, the 3rd, 14th, and 29th regiments, -where it was reviewed by his Majesty; after the breaking up of the -camp it returned to Portsmouth. - -The repose granted to England by the peace of 1763 was, a few -years after that period, interrupted by legislative differences -with the North American Colonies, and at length by measures, which -led to a desperate and sanguinary war. Hostilities were commenced -in 1775, and terminated in 1783, with the loss to Great Britain of -that large portion of territory, _the United States of America_. -During this important struggle, France had afforded active -assistance in promoting the disunion of England and her American -subjects. A spirit of republicanism soon afterwards began to spread -in France. Anarchy, revolution, and bloodshed, and the execution of -their king, followed in rapid succession. The latter act took place -in 1793, and was the immediate cause of a war on the part of Great -Britain and of Europe, against France. - -[Sidenote: 1793] - -[Sidenote: 1794] - -In February, 1793, the Queen's Regiment was ordered to Dover and -Folkstone to do duty over French prisoners of war. While on this -duty, two of the newly-raised independent companies were added to -the regiment, and a brigade of six-pounders attached to it. In -August following it was embarked, with the exception of the staff, -to serve as marines in the fleet under Admiral Earl Howe, and -shared in the glorious victory over the French fleet on the 1st -of June, 1794, which Earl Howe completely defeated, and seven of -the enemy's ships were captured. Lieutenant John Neville, of the -Queen's Royals, was killed on board the _Charlotte_, and Ensign -Boycott was wounded on board the _Defence_. The gallant Admiral, -in his public dispatch of the 2nd of June, expressed his thanks to -the crews and military corps for the highly distinguished examples -of resolution, perseverance, and spirit testified by them in the -actions of the 28th and 29th of May, and the 1st of June. - -Lieutenant-General Jones[24] died on the 20th of November, 1793, -and was succeeded in the Colonelcy of the regiment by Major-General -Alexander Stewart. - -The regiment continued to serve on board the fleet until the 24th -of November, 1794, when, _with the exception of two companies_, -it was re-landed, and, by the incorporation of some independent -companies, augmented to twelve companies, of four serjeants, -two drummers, and 100 rank and file each. Of these, the _ten -companies_ on shore were formed into a _Second Battalion_, as -appears by the Adjutant-General's letter of the 29th of November. -Some time, however, elapsed before the regiment had either two -pair of colours, or the staff of two battalions; but the corps, -thus formed, was designated the _Second Battalion_, while the -_two companies_, which remained doing marine duty on board the -fleet, continued the nucleus of the _First Battalion_, waiting an -opportunity, when their services should be no longer required as -marines, to be filled up, which took place in the following year. - -On the 20th of December, 1794, Major-General James Coates -was appointed Colonel, vice Major-General Alexander Stewart, -deceased[25]. - -On the 25th of December the _Second Battalion_ embarked, under -the command of Lieutenant-Colonel the Earl of Dalhousie, for the -West Indies, and arrived in Carlisle Bay, Barbadoes, on the 29th of -March, 1795. - -[Sidenote: 1795] - -The year in which the regiment arrived in the West Indies was -rendered remarkable by a series of brilliant achievements performed -by the British forces serving in that part of his Majesty's -dominions; and the valuable French possessions of Martinique and -Guadaloupe were but a part of the captures made by the army and -fleet under their respective commanders, General Sir Charles Grey -and Admiral Sir John Jervis. - -The National Convention, which at this period governed France, -although busily and successfully employed in extending -revolutionary power in Europe, was not indifferent to the events -above alluded to; and an expedition to the West Indies was -despatched from Brest, commanded by the famous Victor Hughes, -a republican commissioner, for the purpose of recovering the -conquered islands. A force of 2000 French troops arrived at -Guadaloupe, and were quickly reinforced by a multitude of Mulattoes -and Blacks, who were speedily clad in uniforms. Among this motley -group, comprising slave and freeman, the doctrines of liberty and -equality were disseminated, and led to a rapid overthrow of regular -government, and to a frightful catalogue of outrages and disasters. - -The same spirit of disorganization that devastated Guadaloupe was -soon spread, through the instrumentality of agents, to the other -conquered islands, and thus tended to weaken the power of the -English forces at the principal point of attack:--added to this -circumstance, the ranks of the British battalions had been thinned -by an epidemic, most malignant in its nature, and it was found -impossible to oppose an effectual resistance to the accumulated -force which now assailed them. The island of Martinique was the -only settlement that could be preserved, and this was not done -without great exertions of the British troops, ably supported by -the colonists. - -The QUEEN'S ROYAL had proceeded to Martinique shortly -after its arrival in the West Indies; and so great had been its -sufferings, that, at the termination of 1795, the total strength -of the battalion in that country was reduced to 162 men, and of -those, two serjeants and four privates were afterwards killed in an -engagement with the French brigands at Vaughlin, and in the same -affair we find Lieutenant-Colonel Lord Dalhousie numbered with the -wounded. - -In the month of July, 1795, the two flank companies of the -regiment, already mentioned as being left on board the Fleet, were -disembarked at Guernsey, and proceeded in the month following to -Southampton: they had been augmented, and now formed the _First -Battalion_ of the regiment, which was already in a state of -readiness for foreign service. In October, eight companies of the -First Battalion, under Lieutenant-Colonel Harris, embarked, and -formed part of the memorable expedition destined for the West -Indies, under Major-General Sir Ralph Abercrombie and Admiral -Christian. - -[Sidenote: 1796] - -On this occasion about 16,000 troops were collected at Portsmouth, -and on the 18th of November the fleet containing them stood down -the Channel, but in a few hours it was overtaken by a dreadful -hurricane, which caused many ships laden with men to be wrecked, -and the coast about Weymouth to be strewed with dead bodies. -Amongst the transports lost, was that having on board the flank -companies of the _First Battalion_ of the QUEEN'S, who -were afterwards collected at Plymouth, and commanded by Major -Eyre. No further attempt was made to forward this portion of the -regiment to its previous destination; but the six companies, under -Lieutenant-Colonel Harris, proceeded onwards with the fleet, and -in February, 1796, were landed at Martinique, where they formed a -junction with the _Second Battalion_, serving in that island. - -In addition to this timely reinforcement, the _Second Battalion_, -during its service in the West Indies, was augmented by drafts -from the Forty-sixth and Sixty-first regiments, and also by men of -different regiments who had been prisoners at Guadaloupe, and who -had been exchanged. - -By Returns of the battalion in the West Indies, made at the above -period, its casualties for a half year, ending - - Officers. Serjeants. Corporals. Drummers. Privates. - - In December, 1795, were 2 19 9 5 115 - And for a half-year - ending June, 1796 4 12 10 1 139 - --------------------------------------------- - The Deaths for Twelve - Months amounted to 6 31 19 6 254 - --------------------------------------------- - -[Sidenote: 1797] - -In 1797 the Second Battalion of the QUEEN'S formed part -of the expedition when Sir Ralph Abercrombie captured the Spanish -island of Trinidad; and in the course of the same year, the -serviceable men were transferred to the Fifty-seventh regiment, -and the battalion, comprising altogether seventy persons, was -embarked, and returned to Europe. - -The flank companies, which had been wrecked and left in England, -were made the basis of another _First Battalion_, which was formed -accordingly, and removed from Plymouth to Lyndhurst and Lymington. - -In March, 1797, Lord Dalhousie, who had a short time previously -returned from the West Indies, assumed the command of the _First -Battalion_, which was marched to Tiverton, where it was brigaded -with the Twenty-ninth and Fifty-eighth Regiments. - -The quarters of the QUEEN'S ROYAL, during the year 1797, -continued in the western district, and in June the regiment moved -to Plymouth Lines. - -When the mutiny broke out in the fleets at Spithead and the Nore, -and attempts were made to disseminate seditious publications -among the soldiery, Lieutenant-Colonel Lord Dalhousie, and the -Captains of the QUEEN'S ROYAL, addressed a letter to the -General Commanding the district, expressive of their firm reliance -on the unshaken loyalty of the corps; at the same time, the -non-commissioned officers and privates subscribed the sum of one -hundred guineas to be applied towards the detection and punishment -of any persons who should attempt to distribute unlawful papers, -or offer, by bribes or any other means, to seduce the soldiers -from their allegiance. The letter from the Lieutenant-Colonel -and Captains, as also the resolution of the men, signed by the -Serjeant-Major, Michael Eager, were entered, by order of the -Colonel, in the Orderly Book of the regiment. - -The latter document is transcribed into this record, as -characteristic of British soldiers, who, in periods of political -excitement, do not permit themselves to be withdrawn from the -fidelity and allegiance which they owe to their Sovereign, whom -they have sworn to defend against all enemies. - - - _Head Quarters, Plymouth Lines, - 10th June, 1797._ - - REGIMENTAL ORDERS. - - _The following is the declaration of the 2nd or Queen's Royal - Regiment of Foot, dated Barnstaple, 7th June, 1797_:-- - - 'We, the Non-commissioned Officers, Drummers, and Privates of - the above regiment, do most willingly subscribe _One Hundred - Guineas_, in order to detect any Author, Printer, or Distributor - of papers, or hand-bills, criminal to the Military Establishment - and the Laws of the country, or for information against any - person or persons found guilty of bribing with money, or holding - out other false allurements against His Most Sacred Majesty King - George the Third, or against this country. - - 'We unanimously agree to give a reward of Ten Guineas out of the - above subscription (to be paid on conviction) to the person or - persons who will inform against, secure, or deliver over, to any - man of the above regiment, the Author, Printer, or Distributor of - papers or hand-bills, or any person or persons found guilty of - bribing with money, or of holding out other false allurements to - any soldier in this district. GOD SAVE THE KING!' - - _Signed at the particular request of the Non-Commissioned - Officers, Drummers, and Privates of the regiment_, - - MICHAEL EAGER, _Serjeant-Major_. - -On the 7th of October, the remainder of the _Second Battalion_, -under Lieutenant-Colonel Harris, arrived from the West Indies, -joined the corps at Penzance, and the whole were incorporated -into one battalion. In December the regiment was again marched to -Plymouth, to do duty in Mill Prison; and on the 25th of the same -month twelve lieutenants and two companies were reduced. - -[Sidenote: 1798] - -In February, 1798, the Queen's received orders to hold itself -in readiness for embarkation. It was brigaded at Plymouth with -the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-ninth, under the command of Lord -Dalhousie, in March; and on the 12th of June following embarked -at Barnstaple, under Lieutenant-Colonel Eyre, for Ireland, where -republican principles had gained ground, and being encouraged by -promised aid from France, the malcontents broke into acts of open -rebellion. The regiment landed in Ireland on the 20th of February, -and arrived at Fowke's Mill in the middle of the action between -Major-General Sir John Moore and the rebels. On the next day, the -army moved on to Wexford, which Lord Dalhousie entered with the -flank companies of the QUEEN'S ROYAL, and liberated Lord -Kingsborough, and several other Protestant gentlemen, who were -to have been put to death. Lieutenant Charles Turner[26], of the -QUEEN'S ROYAL, was one of the officers who, a few days -after, surprised and took prisoner the celebrated _Bagenal Harvey_, -who had concealed himself in a cave in Saltee Island, and whose -character for courage and desperation was such that few people -would have ventured to approach his hiding-place. - -When the French expedition under General Humbert landed in Ireland -in July, 1798, the QUEEN'S ROYAL marched to Tuam, where -the army assembled. After the surrender of General Humbert, the -regiment returned to Phillipstown, and wintered in Kilkenny, -where they were brigaded with the Twenty-ninth regiment, under -Major-General Peter Hunter. - -[Sidenote: 1799] - -In the early part of the following year, the brigade, with some -guns, marched to Tullamore and to Phillipstown, to be ready in -case of a rising in that part of the country: this, although -apprehended, did not take place, and in six weeks the brigade -returned to Kilkenny, and in June the QUEEN'S moved from -thence to Cork, and encamped at Monkstown. - -In the month of July, the regiment embarked for England, landed -at Southampton, and marched to the camp on Barham Downs, near -Canterbury, where it was recruited by volunteers from the militia; -and with the Twenty-seventh, Twenty-ninth, and Eighty-fifth -regiments, it formed the third brigade of the army commanded by -Major-General Coote. With this brigade, to which the Sixty-ninth -regiment was afterwards added, it served during the expedition to -Holland, and was engaged with the enemy at the Helder, on the 27th -of August, 1799, when the army commanded by Sir Ralph Abercrombie -made good its landing, in defiance of great natural obstacles at -the point of debarkation, and also made an advanced movement, in -opposition to every exertion on the part of an active enemy, to -prevent it. - -A detail of this gallant exploit states, 'the first success of -this day was principally owing to General Coote's brigade, and -the advance, consisting of the 23rd and 55th regiments, commanded -by Colonel Macdonald, who, instead of waiting the attacks of the -enemy, advanced on every occasion to meet them.' These brave -efforts cost the British forces a loss of about 500 men. - -In subsequent operations, during this arduous expedition, the -QUEEN'S ROYAL had the honour of contributing a full -portion of its services, and was present when his Royal Highness -the Duke of York, in Command of the Anglo-Russian forces, on the -2nd of October, 1799, gained a decided victory at Egmont-op-Zee, -over a numerous army opposed to him on that occasion. Alluding to -this action, his Royal Highness observes, 'Under Divine Providence, -this signal victory, obtained over the enemy, is to be ascribed -to the animated and persevering exertions which have been at all -times the characteristics of the British soldier, and which, -on no occasion, were ever more eminently displayed; nor has it -often fallen to the lot of any general to have such just cause of -acknowledgment for distinguished support.' - -On the 6th of October the French and Dutch armies again contested -the field with their opponents, and were once more forced by -British valour to retire. In his report of this victory, the Duke -of York remarks, that 'the gallantry the troops displayed, and -the perseverance with which they supported the fatigues of the -day, rival their former exertions.' The loss of the QUEEN'S -ROYAL in this action proves they were honourable competitors -for glory. - -Notwithstanding the successes of the British forces, they were -precluded from a further advance, and from profiting by the just -reward of their labours, in consequence of the lateness of the -season, and the difficulty of obtaining supplies during the winter; -besides which, the French army was receiving large reinforcements. - -These and other causes induced his Royal Highness to desist from -further offensive operations, and finally led to the withdrawing -of the Anglo-Russian army from Holland, and to the termination -of an expedition which, although unattended with full success, -evinced distinguished merit and bravery on the part of the British -commander and his army. - -Nor must it be omitted, in alluding to this expedition, that at -this period the old regiments had been considerably reduced by the -arduous services against St. Domingo and the French West India -islands, and were now chiefly made up from volunteers from the -militia, hastily got together, and employed in active offensive -operations before they could be properly organised and rendered fit -for such duty. - -Notwithstanding these disadvantages, the British troops employed in -Holland upheld, by their gallantry and discipline, the honour of -their country, and by the skill and attention of their officers, -this short but active campaign prepared this little army to -advance the glory of England in succeeding years, against the best -organised troops in Europe. - -Major-General Coote expressed, in orders, his approbation of the -conduct of the QUEEN'S ROYAL; and after the evacuation of -Holland, the regiment landed at Yarmouth, from whence it proceeded -to Ashford, in Kent, for the winter. - -[Sidenote: 1800] - -In May, 1800, the QUEEN'S ROYAL marched to Plymouth, and -embarked on board the Europa and Thisbe, on a flying expedition, -under the command of General Sir Thomas Maitland and Admiral Sir -Edward Pellew, which was employed in making descents upon the coast -of France, and destroying batteries and small crafts. In this -service, Major Ramsay, of the QUEEN'S, led some successful -attacks, and on one occasion (as recorded in 'Baine's History of -the Wars') 'he seized several sloops and gun-vessels, and burned a -national corvette of eighteen guns, by means of a detachment from -the QUEEN'S Regiment, assisted by the gun-launches under -Lieutenant Pinfold.' - -On the 15th of June, the regiment was encamped in the island of -Houat, preparatory to an intended attack upon Belle Isle; but the -plan was abandoned; the regiment re-embarked, and, with other -corps, to the number of 5000 men, sailed, under the command of the -Earl of Dalhousie, to reinforce Sir Ralph Abercrombie at Minorca, -where it arrived on the 19th of July. - -On the 29th of August, 1800, it was again on ship-board, forming -part of the expedition against Cadiz, on the abandonment of which -it became necessary to dispose of this force, which, although -small, was considered the corps d'élite of England, and included -almost the entire disposable force of the country. - -The attention of Sir Ralph Abercrombie was directed towards the -Mediterranean, and the reduction of Malta encouraged an expedition -to that quarter. At this time Egypt was occupied by 30,000 French -veterans, emboldened by conquest, and inured to the climate of the -country. They had been taken from that army which, under Napoleon -Bonaparte, had astonished Europe by its successes in Italy and in -Germany, and they were now awaiting a favourable opportunity to -forward the ambitious projects that had been planned for them by -their great leader, who had exultingly named them '_The army of the -East_.' - -The attention of all Europe was directed to the struggle about to -take place, in which the ambition of Bonaparte was supposed to have -attained a crisis, and the _fate of Asia_ was to be decided _on the -shores of Africa_, by the two most powerful European nations. - -A British army, amounting to about 15,000 men, assembled under -Sir Ralph Abercrombie, at Marmorice Bay, on the coast of Asiatic -Turkey, towards the end of December, 1800. - -[Sidenote: 1801] - -The QUEEN'S ROYAL Regiment had proceeded from Cadiz to -Gibraltar and Minorca, from whence it sailed to Malta, and now -formed part of the above force. Some weeks were lost at Marmorice, -in expectation of receiving reinforcements of Greeks and Turks; -and the expedition did not proceed to its final destination until -the 23rd of February, 1801. On the 1st of March it anchored in the -bay of Aboukir, eastward of Alexandria; but notwithstanding all -the exertions of the navy under Admiral Lord Keith's orders, the -necessary arrangements could not be made for landing the troops, -chiefly in consequence of unfavourable weather, until the 8th of -March. On the morning of that day a signal rocket caused 150 boats, -laden with 5000 men, to approach the shore. The clear silence of -the morning broken by the deep murmur of thousands of oars urging -forward the flower of a brave army, whose polished arms glittered -in the rays of the morning sun, produced an interesting scene:--the -floating battalions drew near the shore, which was crowded with -French troops; a combat ensued; and the bay of Aboukir resounded to -the roar of cannon. - -A body of French troops, supported by several batteries, awaited -the arrival of their enemies, but were forced to give way in -defiance of every exertion, and after severe loss. The loss of the -British amounted to 576 rank and file, in killed, wounded, and -missing. - -The QUEEN'S ROYAL Regiment was first employed under the -command of Sir Sydney Smith, at the siege of Fort Aboukir; but on -the 12th of March, seven companies, under Lieutenant-Colonel Jones, -were ordered to join the army, and arrived in time to take a share -in the victory of the 13th of March. The other three companies of -the regiment remained with the Twelfth Light Dragoons (dismounted) -before Aboukir, until the surrender of that fort on the 19th of -March. The regiment was afterwards attached to the fourth brigade, -under Major-General Sir John Doyle's command, and was present at -the glorious Battle of ALEXANDRIA, on the 21st of March; -when a protracted and well-contested fight terminated in victory to -the British troops after a loss of between 1400 and 1500 men. - -After the battle of the 21st of March, the QUEEN'S ROYAL -was detached, with the flank companies of the Fortieth regiment, -under Colonel Spencer, to _Rosetta_, and was employed in the -reduction of that town, and of the fortress of _St. Julien_, -which commanded the navigation of the Nile, on which occasion one -of the '_French Invincible Standards_' was taken. The Regiment -then proceeded with the army towards Cairo, and was engaged in -the affair at _Rahmanie_,--the capture of the French convoy in -the Desert,--at the surrender of _Cairo_--and in the escort of -the French garrison from that city to its place of embarkation. -Subsequently, the regiment joined that part of the army which was -engaged in the blockade of _Alexandria_, and was attached to the -reserve brigade commanded by Major-General (afterwards Sir John) -Moore. Alexandria surrendered on the 2nd of September, 1801, and -the QUEEN'S ROYAL was ordered to Fort Pharos, at the -entrance of the harbour, where it continued until the following -December. - -In this campaign, the severe loss sustained by the British army in -their active operations against the enemy was greatly augmented -by deaths caused by fatigue, as well as by the climate of Egypt. -The casualties in the QUEEN'S were 36 killed and 70 -wounded[27]. - -In the action of the 21st of March, Lieut.-General Sir Ralph -Abercrombie, the commander-in-chief of the army, received a mortal -wound, and died on the 28th of the same month. His merits are -attested in General Orders issued to the army on the 16th of May, -1801[28], and in the dispatch of his successor, General Hutchinson, -in the following terms: 'His memory will be recorded in the annals -of his country, will be sacred to every British soldier, and -embalmed in the recollection of a grateful posterity.' The same -officer adds, 'It is impossible for me to do justice to the zeal of -the officers, and to the gallantry of the soldiers, of this army.' - -By the conquest of Egypt, Great Britain effected a revolution, -which, in a great degree, influenced the politics of nations -throughout the world. The vaunting ambition of France received a -timely check, by the defeat of the boldest project which the mind -of her greatest General had ever conceived; and the '_Army of the -East_' returned to their country, relieved, in a short campaign, of -the fruits of four years' toil and glory. - -The successful efforts of the British fleet and army were followed -by a treaty of peace with France, which was concluded at Amiens -on the 1st of October, 1801, by which Egypt was again restored to -the Ottoman empire. The troops, as opportunities offered, were -withdrawn from the scene of their brilliant achievements, and -about the end of the year 1801 the Queen's Regiment embarked for -Gibraltar. - -The peace concluded at the above period was, however, of short -duration, and did not tend to check the hostile spirit of -Bonaparte, whose perfidious conduct and insatiable ambition -rendered an appeal to arms again necessary, and Great Britain was -obliged to declare war against France in May, 1803. - -[Sidenote: 1802] - -[Sidenote: 1804] - -From the spring of 1802 until the end of 1805, the QUEEN'S -ROYAL formed part of the garrison of Gibraltar, and was -highly complimented by his Royal Highness the Duke of Kent, for -its loyalty, steadiness, and good conduct throughout the mutiny -which occurred there. By the malignant fever which raged with -great violence in that garrison in 1804, it lost in a few weeks -one captain, six subalterns, and about 90 men, besides women and -children. - -While the regiment was at Gibraltar, the officers received -permission to wear the medals which had been presented to them by -the Grand Signior, for their services in the Egyptian campaign. - -[Sidenote: 1805] - -In November, 1805, the regiment embarked for England. One of the -transports, having on board the two flank companies, and one -battalion company under the command of Captain Wilson, was taken -on the 15th of December by the squadron of the French Admiral, -Guillaumet, consisting of six sail of the line (one commanded by -Jerome Buonaparte) and several frigates. The captured companies -were put on board La Voluntaire frigate, where they remained -prisoners about three months: they were subsequently restored to -liberty in consequence of that vessel putting into the Cape of -Good Hope, which she expected to find a friendly port, but which -had surrendered a short time before to the British forces under -Lieut.-General Sir David Baird and Admiral Sir Home Popham. At -the Cape these companies remained about seven months, when they -embarked once more for England, and rejoined the regiment in April, -1807. - -In the mean time the head-quarters and the remainder of the -regiment had landed, in December, 1805, at Portsmouth, its strength -amounting to 20 officers, 31 serjeants, 12 drummers, and 289 rank -and file. - -[Sidenote: 1806] - -In January, 1806, the regiment received new colours, on which, in -addition to former devices, were the SPHYNX, and the word -EGYPT, granted to it by his Majesty, in consideration -of its distinguished conduct in that country in 1801, as already -detailed. - -[Sidenote: 1807] - -In 1807 the establishment of the regiment was 696. In the month -of June of that year it embarked for Guernsey, and remained there -till June of the following year, receiving, during its stay in -that island, 330 general-service men from the depôt in the Isle of -Wight, and above 150 militia volunteers. - -[Sidenote: 1808] - -In June, 1808, the regiment returned to England, 860 rank and file -strong, and was quartered at Ipswich, until the 18th of July, when -it was brigaded with the Twentieth Foot and a battalion of the -Ninety-fifth Rifles, under the command of Major-General Acland, and -embarked at Harwich for Portugal, to join the forces about to be -assembled in that country. - -The peace of Tilsit, which was concluded at this period between -France and other continental powers, gave a more determined -character to the war pursuing between England and France. -Napoleon, who by this time had become sensible of his inability -successfully to invade Great Britain, sought the humiliation of -his rival in excluding, by the above treaty, the manufactures of -England from the markets of Europe. As a part of his scheme for -universal empire, he gained the royal family of Spain into his -power by treachery, placed his brother Joseph on the throne of -that kingdom by force, and effected the conquest of Portugal. -Such acts of tyrannical ambition failed not to rouse the just -resentment of England, and led to the bold determination of -rescuing the Peninsula from the rapacious conqueror. Portugal was -destined to receive the advance-guard of a British army, which, -as in Egypt, was to encounter the victorious legions of Napoleon, -and, as in Egypt, also to triumph. On the 1st of August, 1808, -a body of British troops, commanded by Major-General Sir Arthur -Wellesley, landed near Lisbon, and on the 17th of the same month -they defeated a French force at _Roleia_. At this first meeting of -the great rival powers, a severe struggle terminated in favour of -English valour, and was a faithful precursor of the ability of the -commander, and of the successes which were to accompany the gallant -army on their future career. - -After a tedious passage from England, Major-General Acland's -brigade arrived in a small bay near Peniché, where it landed in -the night of the 20th of August, and in a few hours joined the -army under Sir Arthur Wellesley, in time to share the honours -and triumphs of the memorable battle of _Vimiera_. The brigade -underwent much fatigue, and suffered some loss; and the General's -dispatches bear evidence that it did its duty. After the convention -of Cintra, by which Portugal was delivered from the power of -France, the QUEEN'S ROYAL crossed to Old Lisbon, and -marched to escort prisoners of war from Fort La Lippe. His Majesty -has graciously permitted the regiment to bear the word _Vimiera_ on -its colours and appointments, in commemoration of its gallantry in -that battle. - -In the autumn, when the army under Lieutenant-General Sir John -Moore advanced from Lisbon into Spain, the QUEEN'S formed -part of Sir John Hope's division, which protected the march of the -artillery by the south bank of the Tagus to Talavera de la Reyna, -and from thence by the pass of the Guadarrama mountains, to form a -junction at Salamanca with the Commander-in-Chief, the same being -the only route considered passable for heavy guns. - -[Sidenote: 1809] - -Before the British troops were concentrated at Salamanca, the -Spanish force which was to have co-operated with them had ceased to -exist; it had been attacked, defeated, and dispersed by the French, -who had 300,000 men in Spain. Sir John Moore, however, advanced -with his army of about 23,000 men, until Bonaparte directed 80,000 -veterans with 200 cannon against him: a retreat was immediately -commenced. In all the fatigues, distresses, and privations of this -memorable winter campaign, the QUEEN'S regiment had its -full share, and was brigaded with the 5th, 14th, and 32nd regiments -under command of Major-General (now Lord) Hill. This brigade was -posted in line on the left of Sir John Moore's position, when that -officer fought and defeated the French forces in front of _Corunna_ -on the 16th of January, 1809. The glory of the day was clouded by -the loss of many brave soldiers, among whom the British army had to -lament the death of its gallant commander[29]. - -The withdrawing of the British troops from Spain after the battle -of _Corunna_ was the consequent operation of Sir John Moore's -retreat to the coast: arrangements for this purpose were therefore -hastily concerted, and as speedily acted upon. A great portion of -the army was enabled to embark in the harbour of Corunna during the -night after the battle; at the same time General Hill's brigade -retired to a position near the ramparts of the town, leaving the -piquets of the brigade, under Lieutenant-Colonel Kingsbury, of the -Queen's Regiment, employed as a rear-guard to cover the retreat -of the army, and to keep the enemy in check by fires and other -stratagems, until the embarkation was completed, almost without -molestation; and General Hill's brigade followed from the citadel -on the succeeding day. The troops embarked in such vessels as they -could reach; the ships made the best of their way to England, and, -in consequence of the stormy season, landed the troops at the first -port they could gain. The Queen's Regiment arrived in parties, and -was subsequently re-united at Ipswich. - -In consequence of the gallant conduct of the QUEEN'S ROYAL -in the action at Corunna, the regiment has received his Majesty's -permission for the word _Corunna_ being borne on its colours and -appointments[30]. - -A detachment of the QUEEN'S ROYAL had been left in -Portugal, when the corps advanced from Lisbon to Salamanca, and was -assembled at Elvas under the command of Captain Gordon, who, with -his detachment, joined the army of Sir Arthur Wellesley previous -to its entering Spain. Captain Gordon's party was attached to the -Second Battalion of Detachments, and had the honour of sharing in -the victory at _Talavera de la Reyna_ on the 28th of July, 1809[31]. - -When the militia regiments were allowed, in 1809, to volunteer -into the line, the QUEEN'S ROYAL was very successful in -recruiting, and its establishment was increased to 1000. - -In July of the same year, the regiment formed part of the -expedition under the Earl of Chatham to the Scheldt; was employed -at the siege of Flushing, and, after the surrender of that -fortress, it remained in quarters at Middleburgh, where it suffered -severely from the Walcheren fever. On the evacuation of the island -in December, the regiment embarked at Flushing, and returned to its -old quarters at Ipswich. - -[Sidenote: 1810] - -During the year 1810, the regiment remained in England, where it -was joined in August by the detachment which had been left in -Portugal; and its numbers were thus increased to 1126 rank and file. - -[Sidenote: 1811] - -On the 25th of January, 1811, the QUEEN'S ROYAL embarked -at Portsmouth, with the Thirty-sixth, Second Battalion of the -Forty-third, Fifty-first, and Eighty-fifth regiments, to reinforce -the British army in Portugal. The fleet, commanded by Sir Joseph -Yorke, encountered contrary gales, which so prolonged the voyage, -that the convoy did not reach its destination until the 2nd of -March, when the regiment disembarked at Lisbon, and went into -barracks in the castle. It was afterwards attached to the Sixth -Division of the army, and engaged with it in the pursuit of the -French army under Marshal Massena, who evacuated his position at -Santarem, and commenced his retreat into Spain a few days after the -arrival of the above re-inforcements. Many brilliant exploits were -performed by the adverse armies during this retreat, and also in -the subsequent operations on the eastern frontier of Portugal. The -_Sixth_ Division was subsequently employed in the south, under Sir -Thomas Graham, covering the siege of Badajoz, which was menaced by -the French Marshal, but surrendered to the bold and superior tact -of Lord Wellington in April, 1812. - -[Sidenote: 1812] - -When Lord Wellington advanced into Spain in 1812, and occupied -_Salamanca_, the Sixth Division was quartered in that city, and -charged with the siege of the three fortified convents, in which -the enemy had left garrisons. In the unsuccessful attempt to carry -one of these forts, (that called St. Vincente) by escalade, on -the night of the 23rd of June, in which Major-General Bowes fell, -the light company of the QUEEN'S lost Captain Sir George -Colquhoun, Lieutenant Mathews, one serjeant, and six men killed, -and was otherwise so reduced, that it was found necessary next day -to draft ten men from each battalion company to complete it. After -the reduction of these forts, the _St. Caetano_ and _La Mercea_ -by storm, and _St. Vincente_ by capitulation, the Sixth Division -joined the army in the advance to Toro, and took part in the -several movements which preceded and led to the battle of Salamanca. - -On this glorious day, the 22nd of July, 1812, the Sixth Division -was originally posted in reserve, to support the Fourth and Fifth -in the intended attack upon the enemy's centre and the heights -of Arapiles. After the crest of the height had been carried by -the Fourth Division, one division of the French made a determined -stand, and after a sharp contest, obliged the British to give way. -Marshal Beresford, who was on the spot, directed General Spry's -brigade of the Fifth Division to change its front, and attack -the flank of the enemy; and Lord Wellington ordered up the Sixth -Division under Sir Henry Clinton, to relieve the Fourth, and the -battle was soon restored to its former success. The French had -now but one hill left, on which they had concentrated all their -remaining forces. The Sixth Division was ordered to advance in line -upon the enemy's position, which it did in a most gallant manner, -under a heavy fire of 21 pieces of cannon and of musketry; and -after a severe contest, the enemy fled through the woods towards -the Tormes, protected by the approaching darkness of the night, by -which many were enabled to escape: the defeat of the French army -was now completed. - -The loss of the QUEEN'S on this day amounted to nearly -one-half its number present, the light company being detached. -One lieutenant (Denwoody) and 20 men were killed; its two majors, -Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Kingsbury and Major Graham, (both of whom -afterwards received honorary medals from his Majesty,) severely -wounded; one captain (Scott) and three lieutenants (Gordon, -Williams, and Hudson), and 100 men wounded. In fact, towards the -close of the action, a subaltern officer, Lieutenant Borlase, had -the honour of commanding the regiment. In honour of its gallant -services in this action his Majesty has been graciously pleased to -permit that _Salamanca_ should be added to other distinctions on -the colours of the regiment. - -After the above defeat, Marshal Marmont withdrew the army of -Portugal in the direction of Burgos, and Lord Wellington crossed -the Douro and entered Madrid. The allied army made a further -advance to Burgos, the siege of which was undertaken and pushed -with vigour, but was abandoned in October, in consequence of a -junction of the disposable French force in Spain, amounting to -between 80,000 and 90,000 men, and the determination of the British -commander to retire on the Douro, and subsequently to Salamanca -and to Ciudad Rodrigo. When the army halted, the Queen's Regiment -was quartered at Fulgoza de Salvador; and being much reduced -in numbers, the head-quarters, with six skeleton companies, -were sent to England, and the remaining four companies formed -the right wing of the Second Provisional Battalion, commanded -by Lieutenant-Colonel Bingham of the Fifty-third regiment. The -companies of the QUEEN'S were about one hundred effective -rank and file each, and the battalion was posted to the Fourth -Division, under Major-General the Honourable Sir G. Lowry Cole. - -[Sidenote: 1813] - -In the campaign of 1813, the four companies of the QUEEN'S -were frequently engaged, and showed the same spirit of valour -and discipline for which the regiment had been distinguished on -former occasions. In consideration of the services rendered by this -portion of the regiment at the battle of _Vittoria_ on the 21st of -June of this year, and of its uniform good conduct in the series -of actions which took place in the Pyrenees between the 26th of -July and the 2nd of August following, his Majesty has graciously -approved of the words _Vittoria_ and _Pyrenees_, being borne by the -regiment, in addition to its other honourable badges of merit and -royal favour. - -In reporting the above brilliant affairs, in which the army of -the allies, commanded by the Duke of Wellington, was eminently -successful in driving the French force under Marshal Soult from -their strong holds, his Grace observes, 'In the course of this -contest (28th July) the Fourth Division, which has so frequently -been distinguished in this army, surpassed its former good -conduct.' In the action fought two days subsequently, when Marshal -Soult's army was posted in a position so formidable, that the -Duke of Wellington, in his dispatches, characterises it as one of -the strongest, and most difficult of access, he had ever yet seen -occupied by troops, the steep hill, crowned with French soldiers, -was boldly ascended, and the front of the enemy's main position -was fearlessly attacked by a part of Sir Lowry Cole's Division; -on which occasion the Battalion, comprising the Queen's and -Fifty-third Regiments, is mentioned as having been led by Colonel -Bingham. - -In conjunction with this operation, the Third Division, under Sir -Thomas Picton, having advanced on the enemy's left, the French fled -in great confusion, leaving 4000 of their infantry unsupported -in the valley, one half of whom were obliged to surrender at -discretion. Thus were the attempts of the French Marshal to relieve -Pampeluna frustrated, and his army doomed to suffer defeat and -severe loss in defiance of extraordinary exertions, which gave them -sanguine expectation of success. In these affairs several men of -the QUEEN'S were killed, and Lieutenant Hutton and a great -number wounded. - -On the 2nd of August, the Fourth Division advanced to the -Puerto de Echalar, and afterwards moved to Lezaca to cover the -head-quarters. At the latter place the Duke of Wellington remained -stationary with his army in position to cover the siege of _St. -Sebastian_, at this time pushed with great vigour by a portion of -the allied army under Sir Thomas Graham. - -No movement of consequence was made until the 31st of August, when -the French crossed the Bidassoa in considerable force. With great -fury they made repeated attacks on the Spanish position on the -heights of San Marcial. The First and Fourth Divisions were, in -consequence, moved forward to protect the flanks of the Spaniards, -but the latter repulsed the enemy with such spirit, that they -sought protection under their cannon; and giving up all hope of the -relief of St. Sebastian, they re-crossed the Bidassoa, and during -the night retreated from their position on the left bank of that -river. In this operation the Second Provisional Battalion was left -at the pass of the Crown Mountain, to keep up the communication -with the Seventh Division. - -On the 31st of August also the fortress of St. Sebastian was -attacked and carried by assault. The British army had the proud -satisfaction of victoriously entering the territory of France, -and was led by its able commander to a position in front of -the Bidassoa, considered one of the strongest in the Pyrenees, -extending from Zugano Mardie by La Rhona to the sea. - -In the storming of Marshal Soult's intrenched position on the -river _Nivelle_, on the 10th of November, the attack of the centre -columns was led by the four companies of the QUEEN'S, -supported by their comrades of the Fifty-third. The men carried -bags of fern to fill up the ditch, and small scaling-ladders to -mount the rampart of a redoubt which they were ordered to take. -In this service they were completely successful. The battalion -advanced with a British huzza, and the enemy abandoned the redoubt -and fled. A deep ravine, immediately in the rear of the work, -prevented the further advance of the QUEEN'S, who from the -crest of the hill had opened a sharp fire upon the fugitives. For -the gallant and successful services on this occasion, his Majesty -has graciously sanctioned the addition of the word _Nivelle_ to its -other badges of distinction. - -Soon after this action the army went into quarters for a short -time, while preparations were making for crossing the Adour, and -forming the blockade of Bayonne. The QUEEN'S was sent to -St. Jean de Luz for new clothing, and rejoined the division at St. -Severe. The Fourth Division proceeded towards Bourdeaux, to support -the Seventh under Lieutenant-General Lord Dalhousie, and after the -surrender of that city returned to the Plains of Toulouse. - -[Sidenote: 1814] - -In the night of the 8th of April, 1814, the Fourth Division struck -its tents, and proceeding by forced marches crossed the Garonne -over a pontoon bridge; on the next day the army closed upon -_Toulouse_. On the 10th the Division proceeded along the front -of the enemy's strongly fortified position, exposed to a galling -fire of grape, until it reached the right of their line, when it -advanced up the heights; while the rest of the troops formed in two -lines in its rear. A strong column of French now issued from the -works, and threatened the flank and rear of the Fourth Division; -but the Second Provisional Battalion, being thrown back _en -potence_, opened a heavy fire and charged the enemy, who thereupon -retreated to their trenches; the brigade then pushed up the hill, -and carried the point to which its efforts had been directed. The -city of _Toulouse_ was now enclosed on all sides except that of -the canal of Languedoc, along which a road was left open by the -Duke of Wellington, in order to save the town from the destruction -which must have followed its being taken by storm. Of this road -the French availed themselves, and, retreating during the night, -encamped about three leagues off. Both armies being now apprised -of the abdication of Napoleon, the battle of _Toulouse_ closed at -once the campaign and the war. In addition to the other marks of -distinction granted to the regiment for meritorious services, it -has been authorised by his Majesty to assume the word _Toulouse_. - -In commemoration of the meritorious services performed during the -Peninsula war, his Majesty was also graciously pleased to authorise -the word _Peninsula_, to be borne upon the colours and appointments -of the QUEEN'S ROYAL. - -The division of the QUEEN'S ROYAL serving on the continent -embarked at Barsac in June, and landing at Cork marched to Fermoy, -where it stayed about a month, after which it proceeded to -Plymouth, and subsequently joined the head-quarters at Chichester. - -[Sidenote: 1815] - -During the whole of the year 1815 the regiment was stationed at -Gosport; and in January 1816 it was moved to Chatham, and from -thence, on the 11th of April, to Portsmouth, where it embarked -for the West Indies on the 24th of April, 1816, having previously -received 300 general service men from the depôt in the Isle of -Wight. It landed at Barbadoes on the 5th of June, where it was -quartered in barracks at St. Anne's. - -Some time before the QUEEN'S arrived in Barbadoes, -martial law had been proclaimed in consequence of an insurrection -among the negroes, which, however, was soon quelled. The sickly -season, which usually sets in about the month of September, was -this year one of the most fatal remembered for a long period, -and the QUEEN'S ROYAL felt all its severity. In October -the yellow fever broke out and raged with unabated fury until -Christmas, during which short space it carried off 11 officers, -upwards of 200 men, and more than half the women and children -of the regiment. The officers who fell victims to its fury were -Major Conolly, Captain Gordon, Lieutenants Clutterbuck, M'Dougall, -Grey, Norman, and Grant; Lieutenant and Adjutant Spencer, -Assistant-Surgeon Pendergrast, and Ensigns Massie and Richmond, to -whose memory their surviving brother-officers erected a handsome -marble monument in the Cathedral Church of Bridgetown. - -[Sidenote: 1817] - -In 1817, the right wing of the regiment embarked for St. Vincent, -and the left for Grenada; the men continued to suffer from -dysentery, and other complaints which followed the ravages of the -fever, and many were carried off. Amongst the number was Lieutenant -Adams, who died of fever in Grenada. - -[Sidenote: 1819] - -[Sidenote: 1820] - -In April, 1819, the regiment embarked for Demerara and Berbice, -the head-quarters with seven companies being stationed at the -first, and the three other companies at the latter place. The men -were very healthy at the time of their arrival, but the climate -of these colonies (originally settled by the Dutch), the soil of -which lies below the level of the sea, soon, and severely, affected -both officers and privates. They suffered first under intermittent -fever, but the yellow fever afterwards made its appearance, and -carried off great numbers. The detachment stationed at Berbice, -which remained perfectly healthy until the month of November 1820, -was, in a few subsequent weeks, nearly annihilated by that baneful -malady, amongst whose victims were Major Thistlethwaite, the -commandant, and Lieutenant Glasson. - -About this time the regiment received a new pair of colours, which -were consecrated, in due form, on the parade ground near Eve Leary -barracks, on the 10th of November, 1820, and presented by Mrs. -Jordan, wife of Lieutenant-Colonel John Jordan, then commanding the -regiment. After the ceremony a splendid entertainment was given by -the officers. - -[Sidenote: 1821] - -The regiment having completed five years' service on the West -Indian station, was relieved, in 1821, by the Twenty-first -Fusiliers, and ordered home; it embarked on the 10th, sailed on -the 13th of April, and landed at Gosport on the 13th of June. -From Gosport it proceeded to Winchester, and after a short stay -there, to Brighton, where it was reviewed by the Duke of York, when -his Royal Highness was pleased to express his approbation of the -appearance of the corps. On the 24th of August, 1821, the regiment, -still at Brighton, was reduced to eight companies on the following -establishment:--1 colonel, 1 lieutenant-colonel, 2 majors, 8 -captains, 10 lieutenants, 6 ensigns, 5 staff, 29 serjeants, 24 -corporals, 12 drummers, and 552 privates. - -[Sidenote: 1822] - -In April, 1822, the regiment received a route to march to Hull in -Yorkshire, where it remained in garrison a few weeks: in June it -was ordered to proceed to Dublin, and arrived there on the 13th of -July following. - -General Coates[32], after commanding the regiment nearly -twenty-eight years, died on the 22nd of July, 1822, and was -succeeded in the Colonelcy by Major-General Sir Henry Torrens, -K.C.B., Adjutant-General to the Forces. - -[Sidenote: 1824] - -The regiment remained at Dublin until May, 1824, when it embarked -for England, and proceeded to Gosport, and in the month of August -following it was moved to Chatham. - -[Sidenote: 1825] - -[Sidenote: 1826] - -[Sidenote: 1827] - -In the early part of February, 1825, the regiment, consisting of -thirty-two serjeants, twenty drummers, and seven hundred and forty -rank and file, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel J. Williams[33], -marched from Chatham, and embarked at Gravesend for Bombay, where -it arrived in the beginning of June, 1825. An augmentation of two -companies, with a recruiting company, was made to the regiment -on its embarkation for India service. This reinforcement sailed -shortly after, and the whole corps, after assembling at Bombay, -marched to Poonah, the capital of the Deccan, in which cantonment -it arrived early in 1826. From Poonah four companies of the -QUEEN'S ROYAL were detached in September, 1827, on an -expedition against the Rajah of Koolapore, in the Mahratta country, -south of Bombay. The light company of the QUEEN'S, with -the light companies of the 20th and other regiments, were formed -into a light battalion, under Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Place[34], -of the Queen's, and proceeded for the above destination. The -service terminated the same year by the surrender of the territory -and the capitulation of the Rajah. - -[Sidenote: 1828] - -Major-General Sir Henry Torrens, K.C.B.[35] (Adjutant-General of -the Forces), died on the 22nd of August, 1828, and was succeeded, -as Colonel of the QUEEN'S ROYAL, by General the Right -Honourable Sir William Keppel, G.C.B., from the Sixty-seventh -Regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1831] - -In the beginning of 1831, the regiment marched to Bombay, to -take a tour of duty at the Presidency, and occupied its former -cantonments at Calaba. The monsoon of 1831 passed off without any -of the destructive effects which marked that of 1825, when the -regiment lost many valuable men. The casualties in the regiment, -from climate, were little beyond what might be expected in -European countries; and during its service in India, the same -result has attended the good order and regularity maintained in -the QUEEN'S. It is due to the corps to observe, that -drunkenness has so far been kept within bounds as to be considered -an unusual crime, and to be unknown in a company for a month -together. To this happy cause may be attributed the healthy state -of the regiment, and the circumstance of the hospital having at -times been without a single soldier in it. If greater proof of the -efficiency of the regiment were required, such would be perceived -by reference to the reports of the inspecting generals. - -[Sidenote: 1834] - -In 1834 the QUEEN'S was relieved by the 40th Regiment, and -returned to its former cantonments in the Deccan. - -General the Right Honourable Sir William Keppel[36], G.C.B., died -on the 11th of December, 1834, and the Colonelcy of the QUEEN'S -ROYAL was by his Majesty given to Lieutenant-General the -Right Honourable Sir James Kempt, G.C.B. and G.C.H., from the 40th -Regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1837] - -The Queen's Royal Regiment has continued to be employed in the -Presidency of Bombay to the end of the year 1837, the period of -the termination of this Record. It remains an efficient corps, and -the laurels which it acquired in every quarter of the globe are -preserved untarnished in the distant shores of India. - - * * * * * - -NOTE.--_The Compiler of this Record feels it his duty to -acknowledge the most effective assistance which he has derived from -Major Charles Head, late of the Queen's Royal Regiment, and from -the devotedness which that gentleman has evinced in searching for -the detail of all occurrences in which the honour of his late corps -was concerned._ - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] The marriage portion of Queen Catherine included the city of -Tangier, the Island of Bombay, and a sum equal to 300,000_l._ -sterling. Tangier is a place of great antiquity, and was formerly -one of the most splendid cities in Africa. It is stated by -Procopius Cæsariensis to have been founded by the Phœnicians; it -was known by the name of _Tingis_, or _Tinja_, and was taken by the -Romans under Sertorius. It was afterwards captured by the Vandals, -and was retaken by the celebrated Belisarius, who restored it to -Justinian. On the invasion of the Saracens it was surrendered to -them by Count Julian. In the fifteenth century it was the scene of -several desperate engagements between the Moors and Portuguese; and -in 1437 Prince Ferdinand was defeated before the city, and his army -subjected to an ignominious capitulation. In 1471 it was taken by -Alfonso V., king of Portugal. After the death of Sebastian, it fell -into the hands of Spain; but upon the restoration of the Braganza -family to the throne of Portugal, in 1640, it was once more annexed -to that monarchy. - -[2] A memorandum on the subject of Regimental Colours is given in -the Appendix, and marked E. - -[3] Copy of a letter addressed by King Charles II.:-- - - 'To the Earl of Peterborough. - - 'Dated Whitehall, y_{e} 21^{st} of 10^{ber} 1661. - - 'My Lord Peterborough:--I am very well satisfied of your care - and dilligence in the employment your are in, for which I thank - you very heartily. And assure yourself I have soe just a sense - of this and all your other services, as you shall find upon all - occasions how much I esteem and value all those who serve me - faithfully. I have noe more to adde at present only to desire - you to lett those honest men knowe who are along with you, y^t - they shall allwayes be in my particular care and protection, as - persons y^t venture themselves in my service. And so wishing you - a good voyage I remain - - 'Y^r very aff^{nate} friend - - 'CHARLES R.' - -'_Bibl. Harl._, 6844.' - - -[4] Mercurius Publicus. - -[5] These battalions were part of the royal force which fought -for Charles I. during the civil war in England. In 1657 they -entered the service of Spain; and in 1660 were placed in garrison -at Dunkirk; in 1663 they were incorporated in the Queen's Tangier -Regiment. - -Dunkirk had been taken from the Spaniards by the combined armies of -England and France in 1658, and was ceded in 1659 to England. It -was sold by King Charles II. to the French, for 500,000_l._ - -[6] HENRY, LORD MORDAUNT, _second_ EARL _of_ -PETERBOROUGH, was the son and heir of _John, first Earl -of Peterborough_, who died in 1642. He raised a regiment, at his -own expense, in behalf of King Charles I.; was wounded at the -_battle of Newbury_ on the 27th of October, 1644, and in 1648 was -concerned, with the _Earl of Holland_, in an attempt to rescue the -King from his imprisonment:--the _Earl of Holland_ was taken, and -was beheaded in February, 1649; the _Earl of Peterborough_, and -his brother _John_, (who was created _Lord Mordaunt_ and _Viscount -Avelon_ on the 10th of July, 1659,) escaped, and were voted -traitors to the Commonwealth, and their estates were sequestered. - -The services of the Earl of Peterborough, in support of the royal -cause, during the civil wars, entitled him to the favour of King -Charles II. at the Restoration; and the Colonelcy of the Queen's -regiment of foot, and the governorship of Tangier, were deservedly -conferred upon a nobleman who, under the severest trials of his -fortitude and consistency, had shown himself a constant and zealous -supporter of monarchical government. He was employed in several -important situations of trust in the service of King James II., -and on the 20th of June, 1685, he was appointed colonel of the 3rd -Regiment of Horse, (now the 2nd Dragoon Guards,) from which he was -removed at the Revolution in 1688. His lordship died on the 19th -of June, 1697, and was succeeded in his titles, &c. by his nephew, -CHARLES, _third Earl of Peterborough_, so celebrated in -the wars in Spain in the reign of Queen Anne. - -[7] History of Tangier, published by authority in 1664. - -[8] History of Tangier, London, 1664. - -[9] Andrew Rutherford, Earl of Teviot, was of a Scotch family, and -he commanded a battalion of Scots Guards in the French service -for several years. He attained the rank of Lieutenant-General, -in France, and enjoyed considerable reputation for his military -talents. At the Restoration he accompanied King Charles II. to -England, and having been especially recommended to the notice of -his sovereign by Louis XIV., was created, in 1661, Lord Rutherford. -He was appointed, on the 22nd of May, 1661, to succeed Sir Edward -Harley as Governor of Dunkirk, which he held until the place -was sold and delivered up to the French in 1662: on the 2nd of -February, 1663, he was advanced to the dignity of _Earl of Teviot_. -He was killed in an engagement with the Moors on the 4th of May, -1664, as above stated; and dying without issue, his title became -extinct. - -[10] The Earl of Middleton who was appointed Governor of Tangier, -was _John, first Earl_, so celebrated in the History of Scotland -during the civil wars, and in the early years of King Charles's -Restoration. He had been deprived, in 1663, of all his offices, and -received the governorship of Tangier as a kind of honourable exile. -Charles, second Earl of Middleton, his son, followed the fortunes -of the House of Stuart, and his estate was forfeited by Act of -Parliament, 1695. - -[11] _William O'Brien_, second _Earl of Inchiquin_, served under -his father in Catalonia, and in other foreign wars, during which, -being ordered to command the troops sent to assist the Portuguese -in their revolt from Spain, he and his father, with all the family, -were taken by an Algerine corsair. In this engagement he lost his -eye by a shot. In 1675 he was appointed Captain General of His -Majesty's Forces in Africa, and Governor and Vice-Admiral of the -Royal Citadel of Tangier, and of the adjacent parts, in which -government he continued six years. In 1688 he was attainted by -King James's Parliament, and had his estate sequestered; during -which troubles he headed a considerable body of Protestants in -Munster, who, being surprised by Major-General M'Carthy, were all -disarmed. After the Revolution, he was made Governor of Jamaica and -Vice-Admiral of the seas thereof; in which island he lived sixteen -months only after his arrival. He died in January, 1691, at St. -Jago de la Vega. - -[12] Sir Palmes Fairborne was son of Colonel Stafford Fairborne, -of Nottinghamshire. He served as a soldier of fortune at the siege -of Candia. There is a monument to his memory in Westminster Abbey, -with a long and elegant inscription, in verse, from the pen of -Dryden. His son, Sir Stafford Fairborne, was an Admiral in the -reigns of King William and Queen Anne. - -[13] Lieutenant-Colonel Sackville was promoted to the rank of -Colonel on the 12th of June, 1685; of Brigadier-General on the -3rd of July, 1685; and of Major-General on the 7th of November, -1688. He gave up his commissions to King James II. on the 19th of -December, 1688. - -[14] Narrative of the great engagement at Tangier, 1680. - -[15] Colonel Piercy Kirke had served under the Duke of Monmouth in -the army of the King of France, by the special permission of his -Majesty King Charles II., granted on the 23rd of February, 1673: -he was Captain Lieutenant of the Earl of Oxford's own troop of the -Royal Regiment of Horse Guards in 1675, and was promoted from that -regiment to be Lieutenant-Colonel of the Earl of Plymouth's, or -the 2nd Tangier Regiment, (now the 4th Foot) on its being raised -in 1680, and he embarked with it for Tangier in September of that -year. Having distinguished himself in several actions with the -Moors, on the death of the Earl of Plymouth at Tangier, he was -promoted to the Colonelcy of the 2nd Tangier Regiment on the 27th -of November, 1680, and was transferred to the Queen's Regiment on -the 19th of April, 1682. - -[16] The following rewards were paid to four soldiers of the Queen -Dowager's Regiment of Foot, who were wounded at the battle of -Sedgemoor: viz., James Barnes, John Rosse, James Resin, and John -Pawling; ten marks, amounting to £6 13_s._ 4_d._ to each man.--_War -Office Records._ - -[17] Story's Wars in Ireland. - -[18] Memoirs of the Duke of Berwick. - -[19] A quantity of dollars was taken by the QUEEN DOWAGER'S -REGIMENT at Vigo, and a number of them was distributed amongst -the soldiers as a reward for their gallantry. After its return to -England the regiment received 561_l._ 10_s._ prize-money. _Bibl. -Harl._ 7025. - -[20] The following was the disposition of the forces under the -command of the _Duke of Ormond_, upon their arrival in England from -Spain, in November, 1702, _viz._-- - - Lloyd's 3rd Dragoons (detachment) _Portsmouth_. - Foot Guards, 1st, and Coldstream _Gravesend_ and - _Chatham_. - Sir H. Bellasis' 2nd Foot _Portsmouth_. - Churchill's 3rd " _Chatham_. - Seymour's 4th " _Plymouth_. - Columbine's 6th " _Portsmouth_. - Royal Fusileers 7th " _Tilbury_. - Villiers's (Marines) 31st " _Plymouth_. - Fox's (Marines) 32nd " _Portsmouth_. - Lord Shannon's _Chatham_. - - -[21] The Queen Dowager Catherine was born at Villa Vicosa on the -14th of November, 1638, being daughter of Don Juan XVII., then -Duke of Braganza, (afterwards King of Portugal,) and only sister -of Don Alphonso XVII., and Don Pedro, afterwards King of Portugal. -Her marriage with Charles II., King of England, was solemnised in -Portugal, the Earl of Sandwich being proxy for King Charles on -the 23rd of April, 1662. She embarked for England, and arrived at -Portsmouth on the 14th of May (O.S.), and was married to the King -by Doctor Gilbert Sheldon, the Bishop of London, on the 21st of the -same month. - -[22] _David_, first _Earl of Portmore_, K.T., was son and heir -of _Sir Alexander Robertson_, Bart., of Strowan, in the county -of Perth, who assumed the name of _Colyear_, and who was Colonel -of one of the regiments of the Scots' Brigade in the service of -Holland. - -_David Colyear_ engaged as a volunteer with the Dutch forces -under the Prince of Orange, in 1674, and came to England with -his Highness at the Revolution in 1688. He served, with great -reputation, in Ireland and in Flanders, and was created Baron -Portmore and Blackness in 1699. In 1703 he was created Baron -Colyear, Viscount Milsington, and Earl of Portmore. He was promoted -to the rank of General in 1710; in the same year he was appointed -Commander of the Forces in Scotland, and was allowed to sell his -colonelcy of the Queen's Regiment. He was appointed Governor of -Gibraltar in 1713, and in 1714 he succeeded the Earl of Stair as -Colonel of the Second, or Royal North British Dragoons. He died at -Gibraltar, on the 2nd of January, 1730. - -[23] Sir Charles Montague was the son of Brigadier-General Edward -Montague, Colonel of the Eleventh Foot, and Governor of Hull, -nephew of George, second Earl of Halifax, and great nephew to the -celebrated minister Halifax. He had an elder brother, Edward, -killed at the battle of Fontenoy, being then Lieutenant-Colonel of -the Thirty-first Foot. Sir Charles attained the rank of Colonel in -the army on the 30th of November, 1755; Major-General on the 25th -of June, 1759; and Lieutenant-General on the 19th of January, 1761. -He died on the 1st of August, 1777. - -[24] Lieut.-General Daniel Jones was promoted to the Colonelcy of -the QUEEN'S ROYAL from the Third Foot Guards, in which -regiment he had attained the rank of Captain and Lieutenant-Colonel -on the 7th of November, 1759, and Major on the 18th of April, 1770. -His commissions as a general officer were, Major-General on the -28th of August, 1777, and Lieutenant-General on the 19th of July, -1779. - -[25] Major-General Alexander Stewart attained the rank of Captain -in the Thirty-seventh Foot in 1761; and was promoted to be Major -of the same regiment on the 9th of August, 1771. He was appointed -Lieutenant-Colonel of the Third Foot on the 7th of July, 1775; -Colonel in the army on the 16th of May, 1780; and Major-General on -the 28th of April, 1790. In the campaigns of 1794, in Flanders, -he commanded the First Brigade of British infantry, from which he -retired in consequence of ill health, brought on by severe fatigue -about a month previous to his death. General Stewart was of Afton, -in Wigtonshire, and Member of Parliament for Kirkcudbright. - -[26] Lieutenant Charles Turner was promoted to a company in -the African Colonial Corps, on the 8th of June, 1803; to a -Majority of the same corps on the 18th of April, 1804; and to -the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the West Indian Rangers, on the 28th -of May, 1807. He joined the army in Portugal, under Marshal Sir -William Carr Beresford, K.B., and lost his left arm in the repulse -of a sortie of the French from Badajoz, on the 10th of May, 1811, -while in command of the 17th Portuguese Infantry. He was promoted -to the rank of Major-General on the 19th of July, 1821; and was -appointed Captain General and Commander-in-Chief in Africa, on the -24th of June, 1824; he died at Sierra Leone on the 7th of March, -1826. - -[27] Lieutenant Derisley was killed while on piquet before the Fort -St. Julien, Rosetta; and Ensign Allman was wounded in the action -of the 21st of March. Besides those who died whilst the regiment -was in Egypt, there were 56 left sick in that country on its -embarkation, 29 of whom fell a sacrifice to disease. - -[28] See General Orders in Appendix B. - -[29] See General Orders of the 18th of January and the 1st of -February, 1809, inserted in Appendix C. - -[30] At the battle of Corunna, Samuel Evans, a private in the -Grenadier company of the QUEEN'S ROYAL, was carried off -among the wounded. He was landed in England, and died in the -Military Hospital at Plymouth, on the 30th of January. A _post -mortem_ examination showed that he had been _shot through the -heart_, yet had survived _sixteen days_. His heart is preserved in -the museum of the above Hospital. - -[31] See General Orders of the 18th of August, 1809, in Appendix D. - -[32] General James Coates was eighty-two years of age, and at -the time of his death, the fourth in seniority on the list of -Generals. He was appointed Major of the Sixty-sixth Foot, the 3rd -of October, 1766, and Lieutenant-Colonel of the Nineteenth Foot on -the 11th of September, 1775; of which regiment he continued to be -Lieutenant-Colonel, till the 20th of December, 1794, when he was -promoted to the Colonelcy of the SECOND. His commissions -as general officer bear date, Major-General, the 28th of April, -1790; Lieutenant-General, the 26th of January, 1797; and General, -the 29th of April, 1802. - -[33] Lieutenant-Colonel Williams had been with the regiment in the -West Indies. It was probably in consequence of his previous sojourn -in an enervating climate that he felt, shortly after arriving in -India, symptoms of chronic disease, so alarming when encountered -in the heated regions of the tropics. A return to Europe was the -course recommended, but Colonel Williams said, that having been -honoured by his King with the command of an old distinguished -corps, which he had conducted to the shores of India, he thought -it was not for a soldier in the prime of life to abandon his post -on the first summons, and preferred making trial of an elevated -climate on the Neilgherry-hills, in hopes of rejoining his friends -and comrades, with whose fortunes he wished to identify his own. -The change of abode was found to prolong his life, but did not -remove the complaint; and when a reluctant consent was given -to depart for England, it was too late: the hand of death was -approaching him, and he died at Cannanore, on the Malabar coast, -whither he had been conveyed for embarkation. - -[34] When Lieutenant-Colonel Place was ordered to Koolapore, -he was so far gone in constitution, that his medical advisers -suggested the propriety of relinquishing the attempt to proceed -on active service. "I go--if I die on the road," was the reply of -this respected officer. On this occasion, as above stated, he was -charged with the command of a light battalion, and although no -fighting took place, he gained the confidence and esteem of all -who came in contact with him. Whilst employed on this expedition, -he was appointed, by the Commander-in-Chief in India, (Lord -Combermere,) to take command of the 41st Regiment, which was also -at Koolapore. Like the former appeal, this was also one of duty -and honour; and private considerations were again disregarded. -Colonel Place had a perfect sense of his danger which at this time -was but too apparent to every observer. He assumed the command of -the 41st; and by his death, which followed in a few weeks after, -his profession was deprived of a brave soldier, and his associates -of a valuable friend. Colonel Place had seen much hard service -in command of the light company of the 77th Regiment, whilst -employed in the Peninsula war, and he had been quartered in Jamaica -as major of the same corps shortly before his appointment as -Lieutenant-Colonel to the QUEEN'S. - -[35] See Memoir in Appendix marked F. - -[36] The Right Honourable the late General Sir William Keppel, -G.C.B., died at Paris on the 11th of December, 1834: he served -fifty-six years in the army, having entered the service in the -year 1778. He served in North America and the West Indies, and -was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-General in 1803; Colonel -Commandant of the 60th Foot, 24th of April, 1806; Colonel of the -67th Foot, 1811; Colonel of the 2nd or Queen's, 1828; General in -the army, 1813. Sir William Keppel was for many years Groom of the -Bedchamber and Equerry to his Majesty King George IV., who bestowed -on him the appointment of Governor of Guernsey, when it became -vacant by the death of the Earl of Pembroke, in 1827. - - - - -APPENDIX. - - A. Chronological Table of the Services of the Second, or Queen's - Royal Regiment. - - B. General Orders relative to the Campaign in Egypt in 1801. - - C. General Orders relative to the Battle of Corunna in January, 1809. - - D. General Orders relative to the Battle of Talavera in July, 1809. - - E. Memorandum on the subject of Regimental Colours, 1835. - - F. Memoir of Major-General Sir Henry Torrens, K.C.B., late - Adjutant-General of the Forces, and Colonel of the Queen's Royal. - - - - -A. - -Chronological Table - -OF - -THE SERVICES OF THE SECOND, OR QUEEN'S ROYAL REGIMENT OF FOOT; THE -SUCCESSION OF ITS COLONELS; &c. - -FROM THE PERIOD OF ITS FORMATION IN 1661 TO 1833. - - - ------------+---------------------+-----------------------+--------------- - | STATIONS, | COLONELS, | - Year. | Battles, Sieges, | and | Dates of - | &c. &c. on which | Dates of Appointment. | Removal, &c. - | employed. | | - ------------+---------------------+-----------------------+--------------- - | | | - 1661 |Raised for service |{Henry Mordaunt, }| - | at Tangier, on the |{ _second_ Earl of }|Resigned in - | northern coast of |{ Peterborough. }| April, 1663. - | Africa. |{ 30th Sept., 1661. }| - | | | - 1662--Jan. |Embarked for Tangier | | - | | | - | |{Andrew Rutherford, }|Killed at - 1663 |At Tangier |{ Earl of Teviot. }| Tangier, 4th - | |{ 9th April, 1663. }| May, 1664. - | | | - 1664 |At Tangier |{Henry Norwood. }|Died at - | |{ 10th June, 1664. }| Tangier, 1668. - to | | | - | |{John, Earl of }|Died at - 1668 |At Tangier |{ Middleton. }| Tangier, - | |{ 15th May, 1668. }| 25th Jan.1675. - to | | | - | |{William O'Brien, }| - 1675 |At Tangier |{ Earl of Inchiquin. }|Resigned, 1680. - | |{ 5th March, 1675. }| - | | | - to | | {|Died of wounds - | | {| at Tangier, - | |{Sir Palmes {| 27th Oct. - 1680 |At Tangier |{ Fairborne, Kt. {| 1680, 14 days - | |{ 10th Nov., 1680. {| before the - | | {| date of his - | | {| appointment. - | | | - 1681 } | | | - 1682 } |At Tangier | | - 1683 } | | | - | | | - 1684--April |Evacuated Tangier, |} | - | and arrived in |} | - | England |} | - | |} | - | |} | - 1685--July 5|England; in the |} | - | battle of Sedgmoor,|} | - | and assisted in |} | - | suppressing the |} | - | rebellion of the |} | - | Duke of Monmouth |} | - | |} | - | |} | - 1686 } |England |} | - 1687 } | |} | - | |} | - 1688--Dec. |England; was marched |} | - | to Wallingford, |} | - | Berks, on the |} | - | arrival of King |} | - | William III. in |} | - | London; and on the |} | - | abdication of King |} | - | James II. it |} | - | adhered to the |} | - | Protestant |} | - | King William |} | - | |} | - 1689 |Embarked for Ireland,|}Piercy Kirke, removed}| - | with 9th & 11th |} from the 2nd }|Died at Breda, - | regiments, and |} Tangier Regiment, }| Oct. 1691. - | assisted at the |} now the 4th Foot. }| - | raising of the |} 19th April, 1682. }| - | siege of London- |} | - | derry |} | - | |} | - | |} | - 1690 | Ireland |} | - | |} | - -- July 1 |Battle of the Boyne; |} | - | Siege of Limerick; |} | - | Relief of Birr; |} | - | Skirmish of |} | - | Lanesborough |} | - | |} | - 1691--Feb. |At the Action of the |} | - | Moat of Grenogue; |} | - | Capture of Cairn |} | - | Castle; Capture of |} | - | Conway Castle; |} | - | Skirmish at Wyand's|} | - -- May | Town |} | - | |} | - -- June |At the Siege of |} | - | Athlone |} | - | |} | - -- July 12 |At the battle of |} | - | Aghrim |} | - | |} | - -- Aug. |At the siege of |} | - | Limerick |} | - | | | - 1692 |Embarked for |} | - | Flanders |} | - | |} | - -- |Returned to England |} | - | |} | - -- Aug. |Re-embarked for |} | - | Flanders |} | - | |} | - 1693--July29|Battle of Landen |} | - | |} | - 1694 |In Flanders |} | - | |} | - 1695--July |Siege of Namur; |}William Selwyn, {|Removed to the - | returned to England|} promoted from the {| 22nd Regiment, - | |} Coldstream Foot {| 29th June, - | |} Guards. {| 1701, in exch- - 1696 |In England |} 18th Dec., 1691 {| ange with Sir - | |} {| Hen. Bellasis. - 1697 |Proceeded to |} | - | Flanders; Arrived in|} | - | England after the |} | - | Peace of Ryswick |} | - 1698 } | |} | - 1699 } |England |} | - 1700 } | |} | - | | | - | | {|Dismissed in - 1701 |In England |}Sir Henry Bellasis, {| Feb. 1702, by - | |} exchanged from the {| sentence of a - 1702 |Embarked for Cadiz |} 22nd Foot. {| Court-Martial, - | |} 28th June, 1701. {| for embezzle- - -- Oct. |Returned to England |} {| ment of money, - | | {| &c. at Port - | | {| Saint Mary's. - | | | - 1703 |Embarked for Holland |} | - | |} | - -- May |Distinguished at the |} | - | defence of Tongres |} | - | |} | - 1704 |Embarked from Holland|} | - | for Portugal |} | - | |} | - 1705 |Siege of Valentia de |} | - | Alcantara |} | - |------ Albuquerque |}David Colyear, Earl }|Allowed to - |------ Badajoz |} of Portmore. }| sell in 1710. - 1706 |------ Alcantara |} 27th Feb., 1703. }| - |------ Ciudad Rodrigo|} | - |Advanced to Madrid |} | - | |} | - 1707--Apr.25|At the battle of |} | - | Almanza |} | - 1708 } | |} | - 1709 } |In England |} | - 1710 } | |} | - | | | - 1711 |Embarked on an |} | - | expedition for |} | - | Canada |} | - | |} | - |Returned to England |} | - | |}Lieut.-Col. Piercy }| - 1712 } | |} Kirke, _promoted by}|Died Jan. 1, - to } |In England |} purchase_. }| 1741. - 1729 } | |} 19th Sept., 1710. }| - | |} | - 1730--June |Embarked for |} | - | Gibraltar |} | - | |} | - 1731 } | |} | - to } |Gibraltar |} | - 1740 } | |} | - | | | - 1741 } | |} | - to } |At Gibraltar |}Thomas Fowke, from {|Removed to the - 1748 } | |} the 43rd (formerly {| 14th Regiment - | |} the 54th) Regiment.{| of Foot, on - 1749 |Embarked for Ireland |} 12th August, 1741. {| the 11th Nov. - | |} {| 1755. - 1750 } | |} | - to } |Ireland |} | - 1755 } | |} | - | | | - | | {|Removed to 2nd - to | |{Hon. John Fitz- {| Irish Horse, - 1760 |Ireland |{ William. {| now 5th Drag. - | |{ 12th Nov., 1755. {| Guards, 27th - | | {| Nov. 1760. - | | | - 1764 |Ireland |} | - | |} | - 1765 } | |} | - to } |Isle of Man |} | - 1768 } | |} | - | |} | - 1769 |Returned to Ireland, |}Sir Charles Montague,}| - | and embarked |} K.B. from the 59th }|Died 1st - | for Gibraltar |} Regiment. }| August, 1777. - | |} 27th Nov., 1760. }| - 1770 } | |} | - to } |Gibraltar |} | - 1774 } | |} | - | |} | - 1775--Dec. |Returned to England |} | - | |} | - 1776 |England |} | - | | | - 1777 } | |} | - to } |England |} | - 1783 } | |} | - | |} | - -- Oct. |Embarked for |} | - | Gibraltar |} | - | |} | - 1784 } | |}Daniel Jones, }| - to } |Gibraltar |} promoted from the }|Died 20th - 1791 } | |} 3rd Foot Guards. }| Nov. 1793. - | |} 7th August, 1777. }| - 1792--April |Arrived in England |} | - | |} | - 1793--Aug. |England; embarked as |} | - | marines in the |} | - | fleet under Admiral|} | - | Earl Howe |} | - | | | - 1794--June 1|Engaged as marines in| | - | the victory over |{Alexander Stewart, }| - | the French fleet |{ promoted from the }|Died Dec. - | |{ 3rd Foot. }| 1794. - -- Nov. |Relanded from the |{ 20th Nov., 1793. }| - | fleet | | - | | | - -- Dec. 25 |Embarked for the |} | - | West Indies |} | - | |} | - 1795 |In the West Indies |} | - | |} | - |Two companies at |} | - | Guernsey |} | - | |} | - 1796 |In the West Indies |} | - | |} | - 1797--March |Returned to England |} | - | |} | - 1798--June |Embarked for Ireland |} | - | |} | - 1799--July |Embarked for England |} | - | |} | - -- Aug. |Embarked for Holland,|} | - | and engaged at the |} | - | Helder |} | - | |} | - -- Oct. 2 |Engaged at the battle|} | - | of Egmont-op-Zee |} | - | |} | - -- Oct. 6 |Engaged at Alkmaar |}James Coates. }|[_See next - | |} 20th Dec., 1794. }| page._] - -- Oct. |Returned to England |} | - | |} | - 1800--May |Embarked on an |} | - | expedition to the |} | - | coast of France |} | - | |} | - -- June |Proceeded to Minorca,|} | - | Gibraltar, and |} | - | Malta |} | - | |} | - 1801--March |Proceeded to Egypt, |} | - | and landed at |} | - | Aboukir Bay |} | - | |} | - -- Mar. 21 |At the battle of |} | - | Alexandria |} | - | |} | - -- Dec. |Embarked for |} | - | Gibraltar |} | - | |} | - 1802 } | |} | - 1803 } |At Gibraltar |} | - 1804 } | |} | - | | | - | | | - 1805--Nov. |Embarked for England |} | - | |} | - 1806 |In England |} | - | |} | - 1807--June |Embarked for Guernsey|} | - | |} | - 1808--June |Returned to England |} | - | |} | - -- July |Embarked for Portugal|} | - | |} | - -- Aug. 21 |At the battle of |} | - | Vimiera |} | - | |} | - 1809--Jan.16|At the battle of |} | - | Corunna, and |} | - | returned to England|} | - | |} | - | |} | - -- July |Embarked in the |} | - | expedition to |} | - | Walcheren |} | - | |} | - -- Dec. |Returned to England |} | - | |} | - 1810 |In England |} | - | |} | - 1811--Jan. |Embarked for Portugal|} | - | |} | - 1812 |Advanced into Spain |} | - | |}James Coates. }|Died 22nd - | |} [_Continued from }| July, 1822. - -- July 22 |At the battle of |} preceding page._] }| - | Salamanca |} | - | |} | - 1813--May 21|At the battle of |} | - | Vittoria |} | - | |} | - -- July |Engaged in the |} | - | Pyrenees |} | - | |} | - -- Nov. 10 |At the battle on the |} | - | Nivelle |} | - | |} | - 1814--April |At the battle of |} | - 8 | Toulouse |} | - | |} | - -- June |Embarked at Barsac, |} | - | and landed in |} | - | Ireland |} | - | |} | - -- July |Embarked for England |} | - | |} | - 1815 |In England |} | - | |} | - 1816--April |Embarked for the |} | - | West Indies. |} | - | |} | - 1817 } | |} | - to } |West Indies |} | - 1820 } | |} | - | |} | - 1821--Aug. |Returned to England |} | - | |} | - 1822--June |Embarked for Ireland |} | - | | | - 1823 |In Ireland |} | - | |} | - 1824--May |Embarked for England |}Maj.-Gen. Sir H. }| - | |} Torrens, K.C.B. }|Died 22d Aug. - 1825--Feb. |Embarked for Bombay |} _Adjutant-General }| 1828. - | |} to the Forces._ }| - 1826 } |Bombay |} 26th July, 1822. }| - 1827 } |Poonah |} | - | | | - 1828 } | |}Gen. _Right Hon._ Sir}| - to } |Bombay Presidency |} W. Keppel, G.C.B. }|Died 11th Dec. - 1834 } | |} from the 67th }| 1834. - | |} Regiment. }| - | |} 25th August, 1828. }| - | | | - | |}Lt.-Gen. _Rt. Hon._ }| - | |} Sir James Kempt, }| - 1835 |Bombay ditto |} G.C.B. from the }| - | |} 40th Regiment. }| - | |} 23rd Dec., 1834. }| - | | | - 1836 |Bombay ditto | | - | | | - 1837 |Bombay do. | | - ------------+---------------------+-----------------------+--------------- - - - - -B. - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - - Horse-Guards, 16th May, 1801. - -The recent events which have occurred in EGYPT have -induced His Majesty to lay his most gracious commands on His Royal -Highness the Commander-in-Chief, to convey to the troops employed -in that country His Majesty's highest approbation of their conduct; -and at the same time His Majesty has deemed it expedient, that -these his gracious sentiments should be communicated to every part -of His Army, not doubting that all ranks will thereby be inspired -with an honourable spirit of emulation, and an eager desire of -distinguishing themselves in their country's service. - -Under the blessing of Divine Providence, His Majesty ascribes the -successes that have attended the exertions of his troops in Egypt, -to that determined bravery which is inherent in Britons; but his -Majesty desires it may be most solemnly and most forcibly impressed -on the consideration of every part of the army, that it has been a -strict observance of _Order_, _Discipline_, and _Military System_, -which has given its full energy to the native valour of the troops, -and has enabled them proudly to assert the superiority of the -national military character, in situations uncommonly arduous, and -under circumstances of peculiar difficulty. - -The illustrious example of their Commander cannot fail to have -made an indelible impression on the gallant troops, at whose head, -crowned with victory and glory, he terminated his honourable -career; and His Majesty trusts that a due contemplation of the -talents and virtues, which he uniformly displayed in the course of -his valuable life, will for ever endear the memory of Sir RALPH -ABERCROMBIE to the British Army. - -His Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief having thus obeyed -His Majesty's commands, cannot forbear to avail himself of this -opportunity of recapitulating the leading features of a series of -operations so honourable to the British Arms. - -The boldness of the approach to the coast of Aboukir, in defiance -of a powerful and well-directed artillery,--the orderly formation -upon the beach, under the heaviest fire of grape and musketry,--the -reception and repulse of the enemy's cavalry and infantry,--the -subsequent charge of our troops, which decided the victory, and -established a footing on the shores of Egypt, are circumstances of -glory never surpassed in the military annals of the world! - -The advance of the army, on the 13th of March, towards Alexandria, -presents the spectacle of a movement of infantry through an open -country, who, being attacked upon their march, _formed_, and -_repulsed_ the enemy; then advanced in line for three miles, -engaged along their whole front, until they drove the enemy to seek -his safety under the protection of his entrenched position. Such -had been the order and regularity of the advance! - -Upon the 21st of March, the united force of the French in Egypt -attacked the position of the British Army. - -An attack, begun an hour before daylight, could derive no advantage -over the vigilance of an army ever ready to receive it. The enemy's -most vigorous and repeated efforts were directed against the right -and centre. Our infantry fought in the plain, greatly inferior in -the number of their artillery, and unaided by cavalry. - -They relied upon their discipline and their courage. The desperate -attacks of a veteran cavalry, joined to those of a numerous -infantry, which had vainly styled itself _Invincible_, were -everywhere repulsed: and a conflict the most severe terminated in -one of the most signal victories which ever adorned the annals of -the British nation! - -In bringing forward these details, the Commander-in-Chief does -not call upon the Army merely _to admire_ but _to emulate_ such -conduct. Every soldier who feels for the honour of his country, -while he exults in events so splendid and important in themselves, -will henceforth have fresh motives for cherishing and enforcing the -practice of discipline, and by uniting, in the greatest perfection, -order and precision with activity and courage, will seek to uphold, -and transmit undiminished to posterity, the _Glory_ and _Honour_ of -the _British Arms_. - -Nor is a less useful example to be derived from the conduct of the -distinguished Commander who fell in the field. - -His steady observance of discipline,--his ever watchful attention -to the health and wants of his troops,--the persevering and -unconquerable spirit which marked his military career,--the -splendour of his actions in the field, and the heroism of his -death,--are worthy the imitation of all who desire, like him, a -life of honour and a death of glory. - - By Order of His Royal Highness - The Commander-in-Chief, - - HARRY CALVERT, - Colonel and Adjutant-General. - - * * * * * - - The following regiments were employed in Egypt, in 1801, and - were permitted by His Majesty King George the Third to bear on - their Colours the _Sphynx_, with the word "EGYPT," as - a distinguished mark of His Majesty's Royal approbation, and as - a lasting memorial of the glory acquired to His Majesty's Arms - by the zeal, discipline, and intrepidity of his troops in that - arduous and important campaign, _viz._:-- - - 11th Light Dragoons, 1 Troop, Captain Money. - - 12th Light Dragoons, Col. Archdall. - - 26th, afterwards 23rd Light Dragoons, Lieut.-Col. R. Gordon. - - Hompesch's Hussars, Major Sir Robert T. Wilson. - - Coldstream Guards, 1st battalion. - - 3rd Guards, 1st battalion. - - Royals, 2nd battalion, Lieut.-Col. D. Campbell. - - 2nd, or Queen's Royal, Colonel Lord Dalhousie. - - 8th Foot, or King's, Col. Drummond. - - *10th, Lieut.-Col. Quarrell. - - 13th, Lieut.-Col. Hon. C. Colville. - - 18th, or Royal Irish, Lieut.-Col. H. T. Montresor. - - 20th, Lieut.-Col. G. Smith. - - 23rd, or Royal Welsh Fusiliers, Lieut.-Col. J. Hall. - - 24th Foot, Lieut.-Col. J. R. Forster. - - 25th, Colonel W. Dyott. - - 26th, Col. Lord Elphinstone. - - 27th, or Inniskilling, Lieut.-Col. S. Graham. - - 28th, Colonel Hon. E. Paget. - - 30th, Lieut.-Col. W. Wilkinson. - - 40th, (Flank Companies) Col. B. Spencer. - - 42nd, or Royal Highlanders, Lieut.-Col. W. Dickson. - - 44th Foot, Lieut.-Col. C. Tilson. - - 50th, Col. P. Wauchope. - - 54th, Lieut.-Col. J. T. Layard. - - 58th, Lieut.-Col. W. Houstoun. - - 61st, Lieut.-Col. F. Carruthers. - - 79th, Col. Alan Cameron. - - *80th, Lieut.-Col. J. Montresor. - - *86th, Lieut.-Col. Y. P. Lloyd. - - *88th, Lieut.-Col. A. Duff. - - 89th, Col. W. Stewart. - - 90th, Col. Rowland Hill. - - 92nd, Lieut.-Col. C. Erskine. - - Ancient Irish Fencibles. - - Queen's German Regiment. - - De Roll's Regiment. - - Dillon's Regiment. - - Corsican Rangers, Major H. Lowe. - -NOTE.--The 10th, 80th, 86th, and 88th Regiments proceeded -from the East Indies, overland, under the orders of Major-General -David Baird, to join the Army in Egypt. - - - - -C. - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - - His Majesty's Ship Audacious, - 18th January, 1809. - -The irreparable loss that has been sustained by the fall of -the Commander of the Forces, _Lieutenant-General_ SIR -JOHN MOORE, and the severe wound which has removed -_Lieutenant-General_ SIR DAVID BAIRD from his station, -render it the duty of _Lieutenant-General Hope_ to congratulate the -Army upon the successful result of the action of the 16th instant. - -On no occasion has the undaunted valour of British troops ever been -more manifest. At the termination of a severe and harassing march, -rendered necessary by the superiority which the enemy had acquired, -and which had materially impaired the efficiency of the troops, -many disadvantages were to be encountered. - -These have all been surmounted by the conduct of the troops -themselves; and the enemy has been taught, that whatever advantages -of position or of numbers he may employ, there is inherent in the -British officers and soldiers a bravery that knows not how to -yield,--that no circumstances can appal,--and that will ensure -victory when it is to be obtained by the exertion of any human -means. - -The Lieutenant-General has the greatest satisfaction in -distinguishing such meritorious services as came within his -observation, or have been brought to his knowledge. - -His acknowledgments are in a peculiar manner due to -_Lieutenant-General Lord William Bentinck_, and the brigade under -his command, consisting of the 4th, 42nd, and 50th regiments, which -sustained the weight of the attack. - -_Major-General Manningham_, with his brigade, consisting of the -Royals, the 26th and 81st regiments, and _Major-General Warde_, -with the brigade of Guards, will also be pleased to accept his best -thanks for their steady and gallant conduct during the action. - -To _Major-General Paget_, who, by a judicious movement of the -reserve, effectually contributed to check the progress of the -enemy on the right, and to the 1st battalion of the 52nd and 95th -regiments, which were thereby engaged, the greatest praise is -justly due. - -That part of _Major-General Leith's_ brigade which was engaged, -consisting of the 59th regiment under the conduct of the -Major-General, also claims marked approbation. - -The enemy not having rendered the attack on the left a serious -one, did not afford to the troops stationed in that quarter an -opportunity of displaying that gallantry which must have made him -repent the attempt. - -The piquets and advanced posts, however, of the brigades under the -command of _Major-Generals Hill_ and _Leith_, and _Colonel Catlin -Craufurd_, conducted themselves with determined resolution, and -were ably supported by the officers commanding these brigades, and -by the troops of which they were composed. - -It is peculiarly incumbent upon the Lieutenant-General to notice -the vigorous attack made by the 2nd battalion of the 14th regiment -under _Lieutenant-Colonel Nicolls_, which drove the enemy out of -the village, of the left of which he had possessed himself. - -The exertions of _Lieutenant-Colonel Murray_, Quarter-Master -General, and of the other officers of the General Staff, during the -action, were unremitted, and deserve every degree of approbation. - -The illness of _Brigadier-General Clinton_, Adjutant-General, -unfortunately deprived the army of the benefit of his services. - -The Lieutenant-General hopes the loss in point of numbers is not -so considerable as might have been expected: he laments, however, -the fall of the gallant soldiers and valuable officers who have -suffered. - -The Lieutenant-General knows that it is impossible in any language -he can use to enhance the esteem, or diminish the regret, that the -Army feels with him for its late Commander. His career has been -unfortunately too limited for his country, but has been sufficient -for his own fame. Beloved by the Army, honoured by his Sovereign, -and respected by his country, he has terminated a life devoted to -her service by a glorious death, leaving his name as a memorial, -an example, and an excitement to those who shall follow him in the -path of honour, and it is from his country alone that his memory -can receive the tribute which is its due. - - (Signed) JOHN HOPE, - Lieutenant-General. - - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - Horse-Guards, 1st February, 1809. - -The benefits derived to an army from the example of a distinguished -commander do not terminate at his death: his virtues live in the -recollection of his associates, and his fame remains the strongest -incentive to great and glorious actions. - -In this view, the Commander-in-Chief, amidst the deep and universal -regret which the death of _Lieutenant-General_ SIR JOHN -MOORE has occasioned, recalls to the troops the military -career of that illustrious officer for their instruction and -imitation. - -SIR JOHN MOORE from his youth embraced the profession -with the feelings and sentiments of a soldier;--he felt that a -perfect knowledge and an exact performance of the humble but -important duties of a subaltern officer are the best foundations -for subsequent military fame; and his ardent mind, while it looked -forward to those brilliant achievements for which it was formed, -applied itself, with energy and exemplary assiduity, to the duties -of that station. - -In the school of regimental duty he obtained that correct knowledge -of his profession so essential to the proper direction of the -gallant spirit of the soldier; and he was enabled to establish a -characteristic order and regularity of conduct, because the troops -found in their leader a striking example of the discipline which he -enforced on others. - -Having risen to command, he signalised his name in the West Indies, -in Holland, and in Egypt. The unremitting attention with which he -devoted himself to the duties of every branch of his profession -obtained him the confidence of _Sir Ralph Abercrombie_, and he -became the companion in arms of that illustrious officer, who fell -at the head of his victorious troops in an action which maintained -our national superiority over the arms of France. - -Thus SIR JOHN MOORE at an early period obtained, with -general approbation, that conspicuous station in which he -gloriously terminated his useful and honourable life. - -In a military character obtained amidst the dangers of climate, -the privations incident to service, and the sufferings of -repeated wounds, it is difficult to select any one point as a -preferable subject for praise: it exhibits, however, one feature -so particularly characteristic of the man, and so important to -the best interests of the service, that the Commander-in-Chief is -pleased to mark it with his peculiar approbation-- - - THE LIFE OF SIR JOHN MOORE WAS SPENT AMONG THE TROOPS. - -During the season of repose, his time was devoted to the care -and instruction of the officer and soldier; in war he courted -service in every quarter of the globe. Regardless of personal -considerations, he esteemed that to which his country called him, -_the post of honour_, and by his undaunted spirit and unconquerable -perseverance, he pointed the way to victory. - -His country, the object of his latest solicitude, will rear a -monument to his lamented memory, and the Commander-in-Chief feels -he is paying the best tribute to his fame by thus holding him forth -as an EXAMPLE to the ARMY. - - By Order of His Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief. - - HARRY CALVERT, - Adjutant-General. - - * * * * * - - The following Regiments composed the Army under - Lieutenant-General Sir John Moore, at Corunna, on the 16th - January, 1809. - - _Corps._ _Commanding Officers._ - - 7th Light Dragoons Lieut.-Col. Vivian - 10th ---- ---- Lieut.-Col. Leigh - 15th ---- ---- Lieut.-Col. Grant - 18th ---- ---- Lieut.-Col. Jones - 3rd ---- ----, K. G. L. Major Burgwesel - Artillery Col. Harding - Engineers Major Fletcher - Waggon Train Detachment Lieut.-Colonel Langley - 1st Foot Guards, 1st battalion Lieut.-Col. Cocks - ---- ---- ---- 3rd " Lieut.-Col. Wheatley - 1st Foot, 3rd battalion Major Muller - 2nd ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Iremonger - 4th ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Wynch - 5th ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Mackenzie - 6th ---- 1st ditto Major Gordon - 9th ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Cameron - 14th ---- 2nd ditto Lieut.-Col. Nicolls - 20th ---- Lieut.-Col. Ross - 23rd ---- 2nd battalion Lieut.-Col. Wyatt - 26th ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Maxwell - 28th ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Belson - 32nd ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Hinde - 36th ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Burn - 38th ---- 1st ditto { Lieut.-Col. Hon. Charles - { Greville - 42nd ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Stirling - 43rd ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Gifford - 2nd ditto Lieut.-Col. Hull - 50th ---- 1st ditto Major Napier - 51st ---- Lieut.-Col. Darling - 52nd ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Barclay - ---- 2nd ditto Lieut.-Col. John Ross - 59th ---- 2nd ditto Lieut.-Col. Fane - 60th ---- 2nd ditto Lieut.-Col. Codd - 5th ditto Major Davy - 71st ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Pack - 76th ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Symes - 79th ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Cameron - 81st ---- 2nd ditto Major Williams - 82nd ---- Major M'Donald - 91st ---- 1st ditto Major Douglas - 92nd ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Napier - 95th Rifle Regt., 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Beckwith - 2nd ditto Lieut.-Col. Wade - Staff Corps Detachments Lieut.-Col. Nicolay - 1st Light Battalion, K. G. L. Lieut.-Col. Leonhard - 2nd ---- ditto ditto Lieut.-Col. Halkett - - - - -D. - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - - Horse Guards, 18th August, 1809. - -The Commander-in-Chief has received the King's commands to notify -to the Army the splendid victory obtained by His Troops in Spain, -under the command of _Lieutenant-General the Right Honourable_ -SIR ARTHUR WELLESLEY, on the 27th and 28th of last month, -at the _Battle_ of TALAVERA DE LA REYNA. - -His Majesty is confident that His Army will learn with becoming -exultation that the enemy, after escaping by a precipitate -retreat from the well-concerted attack with which SIR ARTHUR -WELLESLEY, in conjunction with the Spanish Army, had -threatened him on the 24th of July, concentrated his force, by -calling to his aid the corps under the French General Sebastiani -and the garrison of Madrid, and thus reinforced, again approached -the Allied Army on the 27th of July; and on this occasion, owing -to the local circumstances of its position, and to the deliberate -purpose of the enemy to direct his whole efforts against the -Troops of His Majesty, the British Army sustained nearly the whole -weight of this great contest, and has acquired the glory of having -vanquished a French army double their numbers, not in a short and -partial struggle, but in a battle obstinately contested on two -successive days, (not wholly discontinued even throughout the -intervening night,) and fought under circumstances which brought -both armies into close and repeated combat. - -The King, in contemplating so glorious a display of the valour and -prowess of His Troops, has been graciously pleased to command that -his Royal approbation of the conduct of the Army serving under the -command of _Lieutenant-General_ SIR ARTHUR WELLESLEY shall -be thus publicly declared in General Orders. - -The Commander-in-Chief has received the King's commands to signify -in the most marked and special manner the sense His Majesty -entertains of _Lieutenant-General_ SIR ARTHUR WELLESLEY'S -personal services on this memorable occasion, not less displayed -in the result of the battle itself than in the consummate ability, -valour, and military resource with which the many difficulties of -this arduous and protracted contest were met and provided for by -his experience and judgment. - -The conduct of _Lieutenant-General Sherbrooke_, second in command, -has entitled him to the King's marked approbation. His Majesty has -observed with satisfaction the manner in which he led on the Troops -to the charge with the bayonet--a species of combat which, on all -occasions, so well accords with the dauntless character of British -soldiers. - -His Majesty has noticed with the same gracious approbation the -conduct of the several General and other Officers--all have -done their duty; most of them have had occasions of eminently -distinguishing themselves, the instances of which have not escaped -His Majesty's attention. - -It is His Majesty's command that His Royal approbation and thanks -shall be given in the most distinct and most particular manner -to the Non-Commissioned Officers and Private Men. In no instance -have they displayed with greater lustre their native valour and -characteristic energy; nor have they on any former occasion more -decidedly proved their superiority over the inveterate enemy of -their country. - -Brilliant, however, as is the victory obtained at Talavera, it -is not solely on that occasion that _Lieutenant-General_ SIR -ARTHUR WELLESLEY and the Troops under his command, are -entitled to His Majesty's applause. The important service effected -in an early part of the campaign by the same Army, under the -command of the same distinguished General, by the rapid march on -the Douro, the passage of that river, the total discomfiture of the -enemy, and his expulsion from the territory of one of His Majesty's -ancient and most faithful Allies, are circumstances which have -made a lasting impression on His Majesty's mind; and have induced -His Majesty to direct, that the operations of this arduous and -eventful campaign shall be thus recorded, as furnishing splendid -examples of military skill, fortitude, perseverance, and of a -spirit of enterprise calculated to produce emulation in every part -of His Army, and largely to add to the renown and to the military -character of the British nation. - -By Order of the Right Honourable GENERAL SIR DAVID DUNDAS, -Commander-in-Chief. - - HARRY CALVERT, - Adjutant-General. - - * * * * * - - The following Regiments were engaged at the Battle of - TALAVERA DE LA REYNA, on the 27th and 28th July, 1809: - viz. - - _Corps._ _Commanding Officers._ - - 3d Dragoon Guards Lieut.-Col. Sir G. Calcraft - 4th Dragoons Lieut.-Col. Lord E. Somerset - 14th Light Dragoons Lieut.-Col. Hawker - 16th ---- ---- Major Hon. L. Stanhope - 23rd ---- ---- Lieut.-Col. Seymour - 1st ---- ----, K. G. L. Lieut.-Col. Arentschild - Royal British Artillery Lieut.-Col. Framingham } Brig.-Gen. - " German ---- Major Hartineau } Howorth - " Engineers Lieut.-Col. Fletcher - " Staff Corps Major Dundas - Coldstream Guards, 1st battalion Lieut.-Col. Hulse - 3d Guards, 1st battalion Colonel Stopford - 3rd Foot Lieut.-Col. Muter - 7th ---- 2nd battalion Lieut.-Col. Sir W. Myers - 24th ---- 2nd ditto Lieut.-Col. Drummond - 29th ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. White - 31st ---- 2nd ditto Major Watson - 40th ---- 1st ditto Major Thornton - 45th ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Guard - 48th ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Donellan - 2nd ditto Lieut.-Col. Duckworth - 53rd ---- 2nd ditto Lieut.-Col. Bingham - 60th ---- 5th ditto Major Davy - 61st ---- 1st ditto Colonel Saunders - 66th ---- 2nd ditto Captain Kelly - 83rd ---- 2nd ditto Lieut.-Col. Gordon - 87th ---- 2nd ditto Major Gough - 88th ---- 1st ditto Major Vandeleur - 97th ---- 1st ditto Lieut.-Col. Lyon - 1st Batt. of Detachments* Lieut.-Col. Bunbury, 3rd Foot - 2nd ---- ---- --------* Lieut.-Col. Copson, 3rd Foot - 1st and 2nd Light Batt. K. G. L.} Major Bodecker - 1st Line Batt. } - 2nd ---- ---- Lieut.-Col. Brauns - 5th ---- ---- Captain Hummelberg - 7th ---- ---- Major Burger - -*_These two Battalions were formed on the 1st of February, 1809, and -consisted of detachments which had been left in Portugal, belonging -to the Regiments composing the division of the army, which had -marched into Spain under the orders of Lieutenant-General Sir John -Moore._ - - - - -E. - - -ON REGIMENTAL COLOURS. - -The English Regiments of Foot had formerly a Colour to every -Company[37]. They were afterwards formed into _Three Divisions_ -on the same principle as the Continental Armies, viz., _Two wings -of Musketeers, and a Centre Division of Pikemen_. Each Division -had a Stand of Colours, that it might act separately. The Swedish -Infantry were formed in this manner, by _Gustavus Adolphus_, and -were copied by Marshals de Turenne and Montecuculi. - -This mode of formation was, however, changed during the reign of -Queen Anne, when the general adoption of Bayonets took place, and, -the Division of Pikemen being discontinued, the _Third Colour_ -became unnecessary, and was consequently laid aside. - -The Queen's Royal Regiment had originally a Colour to every -Company, and after the year 1688 it had Three Stand of Colours, in -common with other Regiments: it happened, however, that the Third -Colour was retained in possession by the Queen's Royal until 1750, -probably from the long absence of the Regiment on Foreign Service, -it having embarked in 1730 for Gibraltar, where it remained until -1749. - -A belief had thus been induced that the Queen's Royal Regiment had -been permitted, AS A DISTINCTION, to carry Three Colours, -as appears by a Letter from General Robert Donkin, who entered the -Regiment as an Ensign in 1747, and served in it until 1759. He -states,--"On our marching over Island Bridge into Dublin duty in -1750, the Third Colour was, by order of General Fowke (then Colonel -of the Regiment), taken out of my hand, furled, and never flew -since. The men grumbled exceedingly. I felt myself hurt at being -deprived of an honour no other Corps then enjoyed." - -With a view of establishing Uniformity throughout the Army in the -Colours, Clothing, and Appointments of the several Regiments,--a -Warrant, dated 1st July, 1751, was issued by King George II., for -regulating the Clothing, Standards, Colours, &c., of Regiments of -Cavalry and Infantry. By this Warrant it is directed that-- - -"The King's or FIRST Colour of every Regiment is to be the -Great Union throughout;"--and that, "The SECOND Colour is -to be the Colour of the Facing of the Regiment, with the Union in -the Upper Canton." - -At this period the Facing of the Queen's Royal Regiment was -_Sea-Green_, which was the original Facing of the Corps. - -It is further directed, in the same Warrant, under the head of -"Devices and Badges of the Royal Regiments, and of the six old -Corps," as follows:-- - -"SECOND REGIMENT, or, THE QUEEN'S ROYAL REGIMENT." - -"In the Centre of each Colour, the QUEEN'S CYPHER on a -red ground, within the Garter, and CROWN over it: in the -Three Corners of the _Second_ Colour, the LAMB, being the -ancient badge of the Regiment." - -A subsequent Warrant was issued on the _19th December, 1768_, by -Command of His Majesty King George III., prescribing "_Regulations -for the Colours, Clothing, &c., of the Marching Regiments of -Foot_." This Warrant contains the same directions as that of 1751 -regarding "the _First_ and _Second_ Colours of Regiments," and -"the Devices and Badges of the Royal Regiments and of the Six Old -Corps." The Facing of the Queen's Royal Regiment was, at this -period, changed from Green to _Blue_. - -Neither of the Royal Warrants above mentioned contains any -Authority for the Queen's Royal Regiment bearing a _Third_ Colour. - -The foregoing Statement shows, therefore, that, although the -_Third_ Colour so long remained in possession of the Queen's -Royal Regiment, after other Regiments had laid it aside, it had -been erroneously considered that this Regiment had a _peculiar -privilege_ of carrying _Three_ Stand of Colours. - -To correct this error, and to maintain uniformity throughout the -Army, His Majesty has recently directed "that no Regiment shall, -under any circumstances whatever, display a Third Colour;" and the -following Letter, dated 14th August, 1835, has been addressed, by -His Majesty's Special Command, to Lieutenant-General the Right -Honourable Sir James Kempt, G.C.B., as Colonel of the Second, or -Queen's Royal Regiment, by the Adjutant-General of the Forces, dated - - _Horse Guards, 14th August, 1835._ - -SIR, - -By desire of the General Commanding in Chief, I have the honour to -make the following Communication to you, for your information and -guidance; viz.: - -The 5th Foot having, at Malta, preferred a Claim to the distinction -of bearing a Third Stand of Colours, Major-General Sir Frederick -Ponsonby referred the Case for Lord Hill's consideration, and his -Lordship immediately submitted it to the King. - -His Majesty at once disallowed this claim, and, at the same time, -inquired whether a similar claim had been made and admitted in the -case of any other Regiment. - -Lord Hill mentioned the case of the Queen's Royal, and fully -explained the grounds upon which the distinction of a Third Stand -of Colours had, so recently, been conferred upon that Corps; -when His Majesty was pleased to decide, that no Regiment in His -Majesty's Service should be permitted to display a Third Colour, -under any circumstances whatsoever,--and to command that His -Majesty's said decision should be notified to you. - -The King, however, expressed to Lord Hill His Majesty's earnest -hope that you, and the Queen's Royal collectively, would regard -this decision, not as a mark of His Majesty's forgetfulness of the -uniformly high character of the Regiment, but solely as a proof of -His Majesty's determination to establish uniformity in this (as in -every other) respect throughout the Army. - -His Majesty was graciously pleased to observe, that it was -impossible for him to render more manifest the high estimation -in which he held the character of the Queen's Royal, than by -transferring an Officer of your reputation to the Colonelcy of it, -from that of one of the most gallant and distinguished Regiments in -the Service; viz., the 40th. - -The King was further pleased to observe, that if it were wished -upon your part, and upon the part of the Queen's Royal, that the -Third Colour should be retained and preserved, His Majesty would -not insist upon its being actually withdrawn; but, in making that -observation, His Majesty expressly ordered, that on no account -should the Third Colour ever be displayed in the Ranks of the -Regiment. - -Lastly, His Majesty was pleased to Command, that this Letter should -be entered in the Regimental Record, as well as in the Standing -Orders of the Queen's Royal. - - I have, &c., - JOHN MACDONALD, A. G. - - * * * * * - - _South-Street, 19th August, 1835._ - -SIR, - -I have had the honour to receive your Letter of the 14th Instant, -signifying to me, by desire of the General Commanding in Chief, -that His Majesty has been pleased to decide, that no Regiment in -His Majesty's Service shall be permitted to display a Third Colour -under any circumstances whatsoever; and that, consequently, the -Third Colour now in possession of the Queen's Royal shall not, from -henceforth, be displayed in the Ranks of the Regiment. - -I will, without delay, transmit a Copy of your Communication to the -Officer Commanding the Queen's Royal in India, for his information -and guidance, with Orders to enter the same in the Regimental -Record, as well as in the Standing Orders of the Corps, in -obedience to His Majesty's Commands; and I am persuaded, that the -Officers and Men of the Queen's Royal, although thereby deprived of -a distinction which the Regiment has for some time enjoyed, will, -nevertheless, feel as I do, highly gratified by the very gracious -terms in which His Majesty has been pleased to direct his decision -upon the subject to be communicated to me. - - I have, &c., - (Signed) JAMES KEMPT. - -_To the Adjutant-General._ - - * * * * * - -N. B. In a printed description of the Colours of every Regiment, -published in 1684, no mention is made of the Queen's Regiment -having the privilege of carrying an additional Colour. - -The following is an extract from D'Auvergne's History of the -Campaign in Flanders in 1693, relating to the Battle of Landen:-- - -"'Tis certain that we have taken from them (the French) _Nineteen -Colours_ and _Thirty-seven Standards_, which, considering -the proportion of Forces, is more than they gained from us, -particularly as to the _Number_ of _Colours_; for besides that -the French had double our number of Foot, their Battalions never -have but _Three_ Colours at the most in each;--our Brandenburg and -Hanover Foot have as many _Colours_ as there are _Companies_ in -every Battalion, insomuch that some Battalions have a dozen;--and, -therefore, it is more for us in proportion to have taken _Nineteen_ -Colours from them, than if they had taken _Fifty_ from us." - - - - -F. - - -MEMOIR OF SIR HENRY TORRENS. - -The following Memoir of the services of Major-General Sir Henry -Torrens is inserted, not only with the view of recording his -merits as an officer, but of showing to the army and to the public -one of the many instances in which the talents of an active and -enterprising officer were duly noticed and rewarded by the King, -and by His late Royal Highness the Duke of York, as well as by -other illustrious commanders of the army:-- - - Sir Henry Torrens was born at Londonderry in 1779, and having - been educated at the military academy in Dublin, he was appointed - to an Ensigncy in the Fifty-second Regiment on the 2nd of - November, 1793, at the age of fourteen years; he was promoted - to a Lieutenancy in the Ninety-second Regiment on the 14th of - June, 1794; and on the 11th of December, 1795, was removed to the - Sixty-third Regiment, then under orders for the West Indies. At - the attack of Morne Fortuné in the island of St. Lucie, on the - 1st of May, 1796, while serving with the army under Major-General - Sir Ralph Abercrombie, he was severely wounded in the right - thigh: after taking a prominent part in storming three French - redoubts, he was employed for the space of seven months at an - outpost in the woods against the Charibs: on the conquest of - those people he was promoted to a company in the Sixth West - India Regiment on the 28th of March, 1797. In 1798 he returned - to England, and was appointed Aide-de-camp to Lieutenant-General - Whitelocke, then acting as second in command under Earl Moira at - Portsmouth; in November of the same year he went to Portugal as - Aide-de-camp to General Cuyler, who commanded a body of auxiliary - troops, sent thither by the British government, to repel the - threatened invasion of that country by the Spaniards. While on - service at Lisbon, he was removed to the Twentieth Regiment, - on the 8th of August, 1799, and immediately relinquished the - advantages of his Staff situation in order to join his Regiment, - which was a part of the force then destined for the liberation - of the United Provinces from the yoke of France. Throughout the - short but arduous campaign in Holland, the Twentieth Regiment - distinguished itself on every occasion, particularly at the - battle of Alcmaar on the 2nd of October, 1799: on the retreat of - the British and Russian troops upon the two villages of Egmont, - and after a most severe conflict with the enemy from morning till - night of the 6th of October, Captain Torrens received a severe - wound from a musket-ball, which, passing through the right - thigh, entered the left, where it lodged so deeply as to baffle - all surgical efforts to extract it. - - On the return of the troops from the Helder, in November, 1799, - Captain Torrens was promoted to a Majority in the Surrey Rangers, - which he joined and commanded in Nova Scotia. In 1801 he came - back to England, and exchanged, on the 4th of February, 1802, - to the Eighty-sixth Regiment, then serving in Egypt, to which - country it had come from India with a division of troops, under - the command of Major-General Sir David Baird. Major Torrens - lost no time in embarking for the Mediterranean: on his arrival - at Alexandria, he found that the object of the expedition had - completely succeeded, although attended with the melancholy - loss of his revered commander and steady friend, Sir Ralph - Abercrombie, who had been mortally wounded at the battle of - Alexandria. As the expulsion of the French rendered the presence - of a large force no longer necessary in Egypt, the auxiliary - troops from India returned across the desert, and embarking at - Cosseir, proceeded to Bombay. Soon after the arrival of the - troops from Egypt, hostilities broke out between the English - and the Mahrattas: in this contest Major Torrens again evinced - his natural courage and talents, and obtained the approbation - of the officers under whom he served: his health giving way - to the active exertions he had made in the execution of his - duty, and suffering under the effects of a _coup de soleil_, - he was compelled to have recourse to a change of climate, and - accordingly obtained leave to return to England. On arrival at - St. Helena, he found his state of health so far improved as - to induce him to forego his return to England, and to go back - to his regiment. While at St. Helena, he formed an attachment - to the daughter of Governor Patton, and was married. On his - return to India, he served under General Lord Lake, until the - conquest of Scindiah, the most formidable of the Mahratta Chiefs. - On the 1st of January, 1805, he was promoted to the brevet - rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, and in the same year he returned - to Europe: after his arrival in England, he was employed as - Assistant Adjutant-General in the Kent District. He exchanged - from the Eighty-sixth to the Eighty-ninth Regiment on the 19th - of February, 1807, and in the same year he proceeded as Military - Secretary to Lieutenant-General Whitelocke, with the expedition - against the Spanish colonies on the Rio de la Plata, and was - present at the disastrous attack upon Buenos Ayres on the 5th of - July, 1807. - - After his return to England, he was re-appointed an Assistant - Adjutant-General on the Staff of Great Britain, and subsequently - to be Assistant Military Secretary to His Royal Highness the - Duke of York, as Commander-in-Chief. In the month of July, 1808, - he embarked with the expedition for Portugal, under the orders - of Lieutenant-General Sir Arthur Wellesley, and was present at - the battles of _Roleia_ on the 17th of August, and of _Vimiera_ - on the 21st of August, 1808, for which he received a medal - struck for the purpose of commemorating those victories, and of - distinguishing the officers engaged in them: he received also - from the Portuguese Regency the Chivalric Order of the Tower and - Sword. These victories led to the Convention of Cintra, and to - the consequent evacuation of Portugal by the French army under - Marshal Junot, Duke of Abrantes. - - Lieutenant-Colonel Torrens returned to England with Sir Arthur - Wellesley about the end of the year 1808, and resumed his - former situation as Assistant Military Secretary to His Royal - Highness the Duke of York; he was promoted to be his Military - Secretary on the 2d of October, 1809. He was appointed from the - Eighty-ninth Regiment to a company in the Third Foot Guards on - the 13th of June, 1811, and Aide-de-camp to the Prince Regent, - with the rank of Colonel, on the 20th of February, 1812. He was - promoted to the rank of Major-General on the 4th of June, 1814, - and in the new arrangement and extension of the Military Order - of the Bath in 1815, he was enrolled in the honourable list of - Knights Commanders: he was appointed to the Colonelcy of the - Second Garrison Battalion on the 5th of April, 1815; removed - to the Royal African Colonial corps on the 27th of November, - 1815, removed to the Second West India Regiment on the 21st of - September, 1818, and on the 26th of July, 1822, he was promoted - to the SECOND, or QUEEN'S ROYAL; on the 25th - of March, 1820, he was appointed from the situation of Military - Secretary to that of _Adjutant-General to the Forces_. - - During the period of his employment as Military Secretary, in - which the most active operations of the late war took place, - the labours of his office were excessive, and his health became - affected; yet his exertions were never lessened, and after his - appointment as Adjutant-General, he undertook, with considerable - labour and zeal, the revision of the '_Regulations for the - Exercise and Field Movements of the Infantry of the Army_,' and, - with the authority of His Majesty King George IV., engrafted in - them the alterations and improvements which had been introduced - and practised by different Commanders during the late war. - - The death of Sir Henry Torrens took place suddenly, on the 22d of - August, 1828, while on a visit to his friend Mr. Johnes Knight, - at Welwyn, Herts., where his remains were consigned privately to - a grave in the church of that parish. - - -FOOTNOTE: - -[37] A warrant of King James II., dated 21st August, 1686, -authorised the payment of £206 5_s._ 6_d._ for ten colours for the -Queen's Regiment of Foot.--_War Office Records._ - - - LONDON: - Printed by WILLIAM CLOWES and SONS, - 14, Charing Cross. - - - - - TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE - - Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within - the text and consultation of external sources. - - The Table on page 32 for the year '1707' had vertical column - headings which have been replaced by A, B, etc and a Key list added - at the top. A few words have been abbreviated to conserve space and - also noted in the list. - - The Table on pages 74 to 77, Appendix A, has had some names of - months abbreviated (January => Jan. etc) to conserve space. - - The acronym 'K. G. L.' in Appendices C and D stands for 'King's - German Legion'. - - Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, - and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example, - re-inforce, reinforce; Horse-Guards, Horse Guards; connexion; - engrafted; intrenched; devotedness. - - Pg 28, Sidenote '1703' appeared twice on this page; the second one - (at the paragraph 'For its conduct...') has been deleted. - Pg 67, 'reigment embarked' replaced by 'regiment embarked'. - Pg 83, 'recals to the' replaced by 'recalls to the'. - Pg 93, 'Aid-de-camp' replaced by 'Aide-de-camp' (twice). - - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Second, or -the Queen's Royal Regiment of Foot, by Richard Cannon - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE SECOND *** - -***** This file should be named 55295-0.txt or 55295-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/5/2/9/55295/ - -Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -book was produced from images made available by the -HathiTrust Digital Library.) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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