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      The Project Gutenberg eBook of Abraham Lincoln In Our Own County, by Henry M. Beardsley.
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<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 54833 ***</div>

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<h1>Abraham Lincoln<br />
in<br />
Our Own County</h1>

<p class="p2 large center">A Thesis.</p>

<p class="p2 large center">For the Degree of M.L. in<br />
the College of<br />
Literature and Science</p>

<p class="p2 large center">Henry M. Beardsley 1880.<span class="longspace">&nbsp;</span>Ill. Ind. Univ. June 9 ’80
</p>

<hr class="chap" />

<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p>

<h2><a name="Abraham_Lincoln" id="Abraham_Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln
in
Our Own County.</a></h2>

<p>We visit scenes of historic interest, because we seem
to feel that the presence of the heroes, whose fame they
help to keep, is there. Our fair West is yet new, and,
save the legends of Indian battles and of the mound
builders before them, has little of history. But from
our state, young as it is, great true men have gone
forth; and one who stands above them all, is best
known and best honored of them all, was once here
in our midst. The plain streets and surroundings
have for us an additional interest, since we know
that Abraham Lincoln has been here. There are men
among us now who have known him and greeted him
as honest old Abe Lincoln, the rail-splitter.</p>

<p>It was nearly forty years ago that he first
came to attend court here. He was oft times ad<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</a></span>vised
to go to Chicago and build up for himself a
profitable business, which he was abundantly able to
do. Inducements were offered him. But he preferred to
ride around the circuit with a crowd of friendly
lawyers, telling stories and studying in his odd moments.
Of his power in the former direction, we all
know. M<sup>c</sup>Carthy, in his “History of Our Own Times”, in
describing Palmerston’s power for story-telling compares
him with Bismark in his early days, and with
our own Lincoln.</p>

<p>Well as Lincoln loved his fun, he was a diligent
student. When a boy, he had possessed but few
opportunities for getting an education; so that what
little he had was picked up at odd moments. He used
to carry with him, on the circuit, text-books such as are
used in school. At one time when here, he had a geometry,
over which he used to pore like an ambitious school boy.
At another time, he had a copy of Euclid. The last time he
was here, not long before he was elected to the Presidency,
he was studying German. He had a little
book such as in popular phrase is known as an “easy<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span>
method.” The German sentence was written upon one line;
and upon the line below it was the translation in English.
As honest in this work as in every thing else, he had
prepared a little card with a hole through the centre,
just wide enough and long enough to allow one
line to be seen at a time. He would lay the card
upon his book so that he could see the German sentence;
then after puzzling over it, until he thought he had
mastered it, he would slip down the card, and if his
translation had been correct, would slap himself upon
the knee, evidently well pleased with his work. Under
such difficulties as these, the great man drilled his
mind. It was a rich heart back of all that made the
simple treasures of his mind gleam as they did.</p>

<p>Judge Cunningham has hanging upon
the walls at his home, a picture of Lincoln, which
shows him as he was known among us. His
face was clean shaven, and his dark-brown hair thrown
carelessly back from his high forehead. The upper
part of his face was handsome; and there was a
sort of wistful look about the eyes that would, even<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span>
in the picture, hold one’s attention. The leathery skin
was folded upon his face. About the mouth, there
was a firmness that gave additional meaning to every
feature. Looking upon the face, you would feel yourself
drawn to it by a sort of mysterious attraction.
His dress showed negligence, yet was always clean. He
scarcely ever carried with him but one suit of clothing
and hence the following incident:</p>

<p>During the years of his practice here, there
was in Urbana a short, stout Jew by the name of Alschuler,
who kept a daguerreotype gallery. As Lincoln
was becoming somewhat famous, the Jew pressed to come
up to the gallery and sit for a picture. Finally,
rather pleased himself at the idea, the statesman
stepped in one day, when he had gained a
little leisure from his work, attired in a long linen
coat. Now a linen coat is the worst sort of an affair
to have on when one sits for a picture; and so
the Jew objected strongly. “But,” said Mr. Lincoln, “this
is all the coat I have brought with me from home.”
“Ha! Ha! I have it&mdash;I have it,” said the artist, after a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span>
moment’s pause; “You shall wear my coat.” Readily assenting
to the proposition, Mr Lincoln removed his own
coat and put on that of the Jew. It was scarcely an
improvement; for the garment of the Jew was, by far,
too short, while the sleeves came little beyond his
elbows. But this difficulty was soon easily remedied.
At the Artist’s desire, Mr. Lincoln seated himself in a
chair, and after carefully adjusting the coat, put
his hands behind him and thus sat for his picture.</p>

<p>From Lincoln’s first appearance here until
1859, there appear upon the court records the names of
but few lawyers now practicing in our midst. There
were others, like Mr. Lincoln, who travelled around the
circuit. Prominent among these were Mr Swett, now
of Chicago. Mr. Lamon, David Davis, afterwards
judge of the circuit, and O. B. Ficklin, member of
Congress from the district south of us. These were a
jovial set of men, who knew well how to appreciate
Lincoln’s stories. The old hotel in Urbana,
stood across the street from where the St. Nicholas<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span>
now stands; and during the noon hour, and oft
times until in the night time, passers by could
hear the roars of laughter provoked by these stories.
Judge Davis used to delight in these as heartily as the
best. Coming here from some other court in the circuit
on the first evening, so soon as the crowd of lawyers had
gathered together at the hotel, Davis would say: “Now,
Lincoln let us have <i>that story</i>”&mdash;and the story once begun,
the evening was filled with merriment.</p>

<p>There are some who remember Lincoln as he
appeared in court. He was very tall (six feet four),
and very awkward. He used to sit with one of his long
legs hanging over the other, the toe of the shoe on one locked
behind the heel of the other. When he arose to speak,
he seemed much embarrassed, and as is normally the
case, knew not what to do with his hands. So he had a
habit of clasping them very awkwardly over his stomach.
As he warmed up, however, he soon forgot his
hands; and being freed, they aided him in his
delivery. While standing, likely as not, he had one
of his long legs slung over the back of a chair; or<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span>
had his foot placed upon it.</p>

<p>Some lawyers would address the jury in fine,
oratorical language. He never made a pretense at eloquence.
He used to stand before the jury and
talk as one of their number: he was the “thirteenth man”
of the jury telling his opinion of the case. Such
homely phrases as: “I reckon,” made his language familiar.
Beginning his argument, he would state that of his
opponent fairly and squarely&mdash;would state the case
so that it would seem he had granted his side all
away, then he would turn, and with his ever recurring
“<i>but</i>” would bring forth his reasons fast and
with force. His style of argument was strong and
clear. He built his position, as it were, a series of
steps. Each point was connected with the one before and
after it. Great as was his love of telling stories, he
never used them in his speeches at all. Beside the
influence of his manner, he won upon a jury by his
reputation. Every one believed him honest, and the
jury men would sit and look up into his face, drinking
every word he uttered for the truth. Henry Clay in fa<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span>mous
for the number of murderers whom he saved
from a merited doom. I only know of one case where
Lincoln argued eloquently against his conscience, and
then he was pleading for the sin of one who had been
his friend and benefactor. He may even then have
been honest in his plea, believing the boy innocent.</p>

<p>In the Fall of ’58, two men, in a grocery store
at Sadorus, engaged in a discussion upon politics,
became angry, and one, snatching from the counter by
his side, a four pound weight, threw at the other and
killed him. Ward H. Lamon was at the time Prosecuting
Attorney. The widow of the murdered man engaged
O. B. Ficklin to aid in the prosecution. Messrs. Lincoln
and Swett were the lawyers for the defense. When
the time came for the presentation of the argument, Mr.
Lincoln, in his turn made his speech. As the trial had
proceeded, he had become more and more persuaded
that his client deserved severe punishment. His speech
was a failure. Judge Davis told him so afterwards,
and he acknowledged it. Swett, however, took his turn
with a fine argument and the murderer was let off with<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span>
a few years in the penitentiary. At another time, I
am told, having become convinced that he was on the
wrong side of the case, he was missing when called
for to make his argument. The messenger, sent to search
for him, found him in his room. “Tell the Judge,”
he said, “that I am busy and can’t come”.</p>

<p>His humor oft times served him in a trial. I
find in the “Urbana Union” for March, 4, 1858, a story
of his own, to the point. A crowd of men were in an office
discussing the fight in Congress upon the “Lecompton Constitution”,
when Lincoln entered and was asked his
opinion on the matter. Having seated himself in a
chair, and having thrown one leg over the other in his
usual way, he said he could best illustrate his opinion
by means of a story. There were two men, he said, in
a neighboring county, who had often met at “logger-heads”.
One day, after an earnest discussion at their border
line, one of them, in his anger, leaped over the fence
and gave the other a sound thrashing. “I was engaged
for the defense. The witness for the prosecution
was a very talkative fellow, not confining himself<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span>
to the mere matter of the questions put, but willing to
tell all he knew. When it came my turn to question
him, I asked: ‘You say you saw the fight?’</p>

<p>‘Yes, stranger, I reckon I did’.</p>

<p>‘Was it much of a fight?’</p>

<p>‘I’ll be darned if it wasn’t stranger, a right smart fight’.</p>

<p>‘How much ground did the contestants cover over?’</p>

<p>‘About one acre’.</p>

<p>‘About one acre’, I repeated musingly; ‘well now witness,
tell me, wasn’t that just about the smallest crop of
a fight off, of an acre of ground that you have ever
heard of?’ ‘That’s so stranger. I’ll be gol-darned if
it wasn’t.’ The jury” said Mr. Lincoln, giving his
leg a twitch, and waiting for the roar of laughter to
subside, “fined my client just ten cents”.</p>

<p>At another time, Oliver Davis, now judge at
Danville, was opposed to him in a case. Davis, in reviewing
his opponent’s argument, repeated again and again;
Mr. Lincoln holds <i>this position</i>, Mr. Lincoln holds <i>that</i>
position. Finally Lincoln looked up from where he
sat, and asked, with a twinkle in his eye: “That<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span>
was a curious position, wasn’t it?” Coming from any
one else, so little a thing had not been noticed; but as
it was, the question destroyed a great deal of the power
of Mr. Davis’ argument.</p>

<p>Mr. Lincoln never cared to accumulate
wealth. His charges were always reasonable. There was
once in our midst, a worthy carpenter by the name of
Campbell, who had taken a horse in part pay for some work
he had done. The horse proved to be unsound; and Campbell
sued the man from whom he had obtained it.
Lincoln took the case for him, and worked hard all
of one day trying it. “I was standing by,” says one, “when
Mr. Campbell asked what the fee was. ‘Five dollars will
do, I guess,’ said Lincoln.” At one time, Lincoln had a
case for the Illinois Central Rail-road Company, and won it.
He made his fee one thousand dollars, which the company
refused to pay. He sued the company for
the money; and during the trial of the case, several
lawyers called upon to testify to the value of the
service rendered, placed it at five thousand dollars.</p>

<p>There was a man for some time residing in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span>
Urbana, who used often to speak of Lincoln’s kindness
to him. It seems that the man had become involved
in a law suit upon the result of which much depended.
He went to several lawyers, who refused to take his case
because they doubted his ability to pay. He came to Lincoln
and laid the matter before him, showed him that
if he lost the case, he was a ruined man. Lincoln undertook
the case for him, and won it. One day the man
met Lincoln on the street and stopped him to thank
him for his services&mdash;said he could not pay him then,
and did not know how soon he would be able. “That’s
all right, my friend, that’s all right” said Lincoln, as
he grasped the man by the hand. “And would you
believe it,” the client would add, with tears in his eyes,
as he told the incident, “He left five dollars in my
hand.”</p>

<p>When engaged in an important case,
Lincoln was all absorbed in his work. He would
walk along the street lost in thought; and would
not even notice his best friends. “I have seen him,”
says one, walk back and forth in the court yard re<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span>gardless
of every thing around him.</p>

<p>He was a very careful lawyer. Long as
he had practiced, he would never write the simplest
forms without his book before him. He was very kind to
young men just beginning their study. One time, when
others were laughing at one who was much embarrassed,
in making out some forms new to him, Lincoln
arose, and speaking kindly to him, showed him what
he needed to know. He even spoke encouragingly to
those who were just beginning their practice.</p>

<p>Lincoln made several speeches in our county.
In the Fall of 1856, he spoke from the court house
in Urbana, upon the constitutionality of the action of
Congress with regard to slavery in the territory. The county
paper of the time speaks highly of the effort of its power
and logic, and of the speaker’s ability.</p>

<p>At one time he spoke in what is known as the
goose-pond church, a little building near the Doane
House. During his speech, he had occasion to read from
some paper which he had in his posession. His eyesight
was beginning to fail him; and it was with<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span>
great difficulties that he could see to read. He held
the paper off at arm’s length, and then drew it to him,
moving it back and forth. Finally some one back in
the crowd yelled out: “Put on your specks.” “Ah,” said Lincoln
reaching out his long bony arm, far as he could,
“My eyes are all right, but my arm is too short.”</p>

<p>The most important speech that Mr. Lincoln
ever made here, was upon Sept. 24, 1858, in the old
fair ground. Douglas was here, and spoke upon the
23rd. Lincoln’s speech was made in reply to the one
he gave. Mr. Lincoln arrived, and was received at
the Doane House platform, on the afternoon of the
23rd. It was in regard to the occasion that a characteristic
letter was written to Mr. Cunningham, who
had invited Mr. Lincoln to speak here. The letter
was written from Ottawa. “I crossed swords,” it read
“here today with Douglas, for the first time. The fire
flew some, but I am happy to say that I am still
alive.” In the evening, after his arrival, Lincoln was
the guest of the Champaign (then West Urbana) Republican
club. The night was passed at Mr. Baddely’s, the large<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span>
brick building across the street from the Episcopal church.
Until a late hour, the house and yard were filled
with citizens. Speeches were made and music had in
abundance. On the 24th, at 10 o’clock, the procession
formed at the park to march to Urbana. It was the
finest procession Champaign has ever witnessed. The deep
interest taken in the occasion is made more apparent,
when we remember that the time of the year was the worst
possible for the getting together of a crowd; that the
county fair had just closed, having filled three
days with excitement, that there was scarcely a family
in the county, in which there was not some sickness;
and that Douglas had drained the country the day before.
The crowd was immense. “The procession, led by
the Urbana Brass Band, German Band and Danville Band,
over sixty young ladies on horse-back, with their attendants,
thirty-two of whom represented the states of
the Union,” was over two miles in length. All proceeded
to the old fair ground, where a basket picnic was
held. “Have the dinner first,” said Lincoln to the
officer of the day: “Folks will listen to me better for it.”<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span>
The table at which Lincoln sat was well loaded; and
the best of the luxuries were placed around his plate.
He, however, chose out a turkey leg and biscuit and began
to make his meal upon these. Looking around, he
saw behind him an old lady known as “Granny Hutchinson,”
standing looking longingly at the feast. “Here
Granny” said Lincoln springing from his seat, “you have
my place.” And the kind hearted orator sat back upon
the root of a tree and finished his turkey leg and biscuit,
while “Granny” enjoyed a bountiful dinner.
Thus the man’s kindness of heart showed itself everywhere.
In his speech, he began by asking if Douglas
had made his point on that; and having found
what arguments the senator had used, he proceeded to
answer them in his clear, logical manner.</p>

<p>Douglas used oft times to abuse Lincoln’s
character, accusing him of having kept a saloon.
To such personalities as this, Lincoln seldom deigned
to reply. It was in one of his speeches made here
that he said: “Douglas has accused me of having
kept a saloon. But I have never before mentioned<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span>
that during that time, he was my best customer.
While I served on one side of the counter, he served
on the other.”</p>

<p>On Sept. 6, 1858, Lincoln spoke at Montville.
One writing from that place says: “About 10 o’clock,
hearing that the delegation from Champaign County
was approaching town, a company of thirty-two young
men on horse-back, with flags in their hands, under
the best of martial regulations, galloped out to
meet the Champaignese, whom they found in strong
numbers making a procession nearly a mile long, headed
by two bands of music.”</p>

<p>Our people took a great interest in Lincoln’s
political career. It was at Bloomington that a
resolution was passed, previous to the senatorial conflict,
that we want a <i>big</i> man, with a <i>big</i> heart and
a <i>big</i> intellect to represent this our <i>big</i> state. At
our own county convention in June ’58, the following
resolution was adopted: “That the Hon. Abraham Lincoln
is our first, last and only choice to fill the vacancy
to occur in the U.S. Senate on the fourth of March next:<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span>
that we are jealous of his honor and rights; and that we repudiate
all influence whether coming from home or abroad
to thwart us in this cherished and unalienable
purpose of the Republican party of this state.”</p>

<p>Then the thought came that Abraham Lincoln
might be our president. “We had the pleasure,” says
the editor of the “Central Illinois Gazette”, published at
the time in Champaign, “of introducing to the hospitalities
of our sanctum, a few days since, the Hon.
Abraham Lincoln. Few men can make an hour pass
away more agreeably. We do not pretend to know,
whether Mr. Lincoln will ever condescend to occupy
the White House or not: but if he should, it is a comfort
to know that he has established for himself a character
and reputation of sufficient strength and purity to
withstand the disreputable influences of even <i>that</i>
locality.”</p>

<p>Speaking of Lincoln’s honesty, the same editor
relates an anecdote. It was in Springfield, during
the session of a Douglas-Democratic convention.
Any man used to wire pulling would have been<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span>
on hand with his schemes. Lincoln was seen standing
in a direction opposite from the convention; and
when asked where he was going, replied that it was
to attend the funeral of an old neighbor.</p>

<p>A point worthy of notice in Lincoln’s character
is his temperance. While it was the custom of
the lawyers of his association to drink, he never
drank with them. Once in a while he would play
a game of billiards. “I remember” an old citizen
tells me, “the first game I ever played with him.
When it came my turn to play, he said to me in
a very legal-like manner: ‘now if this were my
case, I would hit this ball, make it roll against that
one, have it hit the cushion, and then roll back against
the third ball there’.”</p>

<p>The last words of Mr. Lincoln in our county,
were uttered Feb’y. 11, 1861, at Tolono. He had been
elected President of the United States, and was on
his way to Washington. Secession in the South had already
begun its work; and all eyes were turned towards
the coming President. In passing through Tolono, in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span>
response to applause, which hailed his appearance upon
the car platform, he said: “I am leaving you on an
errand of national importance, attended, as you are
aware, with considerable difficulties. Let us believe,
as some poet has expressed it: ‘Behind the cloud, the
sun is still shining.’ I bid you an affectionate farewell.”
The train moved on and vanished in the East; and
when next it returned it bore the form of Abraham
Lincoln, cold and still, wrapped in black; while his
soul had pierced “<i>the cloud</i>” and entered into the
sunlight beyond.</p>

<p>Abraham Lincoln was not a man of great
intellect, but of rich heart powers. In the dark hour
of our nation’s need he came, found his place and
filled it. “Melancholy dropped from him as he
walked”; yet all who knew him loved him. There
are old grey-headed men and women in our midst,
who speak his name with affection; for have they not
known him, heard his voice, felt the grasp of his hand,
and comprehended his great, warm heart. Such a
man has lived and moved among us.</p>

<p class="p2 large center">The End.</p>

<div class="transnote">
<h2>Transcriber's Note:</h2>

<p>Every effort has been made to replicate this text as faithfully as
possible, including non-standard placement of quotation marks.</p>

<p>Italic text was underlined in the original.</p>

<p>The following is a list of changes made to the original.
The first line is the original line, the second the corrected one.</p>

<p>Page 1:</p>
<p>
have for us an <span class="u">aditional</span> interest, since we know<br />
have for us an <span class="u">additional</span> interest, since we know</p>

<p>Page 2:</p>
<p>
student. When a boy, he had <span class="u">posessed</span> but few<br />
student. When a boy, he had <span class="u">possessed</span> but few</p>
<p>
over <span class="u">wich</span> he used to pore like an ambitious school boy.<br />
over <span class="u">which</span> he used to pore like an ambitious school boy.</p>

<p>Page 3:</p>
<p>
<span class="u">method”</span> The German sentence was written upon one line;<br />
<span class="u">method.”</span> The German sentence was written upon one line;</p>

<p>Page 7:</p>
<p>
<span class="u">Begining</span> his argument, he would state that of his<br />
<span class="u">Beginning</span> his argument, he would state that of his</p>

<p>Page 13:</p>
<p>
those who were just <span class="u">begining</span> their practice.<br />
those who were just <span class="u">beginning</span> their practice.</p>
<p>
House. During his speech, he had occasion to from<br />
House. During his speech, he had occasion to <span class="u">read</span> from</p>

<p>Page 14:</p>
<p>
<span class="u">here</span> today with Douglas, for the first time. The fire<br />
<span class="u">“here</span> today with Douglas, for the first time. The fire</p>

<p>Page 20:</p>
<p>
sun is still shining.’ I bid you an affectionate <span class="u">farewell.</span><br />
sun is still shining.’ I bid you an affectionate <span class="u">farewell.”</span></p>

</div>

<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 54833 ***</div>
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