diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | .gitattributes | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | LICENSE.txt | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | README.md | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-8.txt | 2649 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-8.zip | bin | 49812 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h.zip | bin | 1147624 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/54625-h.htm | 2917 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_001.jpg | bin | 91345 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_002.jpg | bin | 124848 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_003.jpg | bin | 43517 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_004.jpg | bin | 31994 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_005.jpg | bin | 6066 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_006.jpg | bin | 90205 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_007.jpg | bin | 88425 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_008.jpg | bin | 52213 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_009.jpg | bin | 49444 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_010.jpg | bin | 55887 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_011.jpg | bin | 72392 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_012.jpg | bin | 192417 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_013.jpg | bin | 6618 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_014.jpg | bin | 43486 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_015.jpg | bin | 54297 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_016.jpg | bin | 7810 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_017.jpg | bin | 5904 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_018.jpg | bin | 6433 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_019.jpg | bin | 4656 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/54625-h/images/ill_020.jpg | bin | 79891 -> 0 bytes |
27 files changed, 17 insertions, 5566 deletions
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8ef2a78 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #54625 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/54625) diff --git a/old/54625-8.txt b/old/54625-8.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 33a67de..0000000 --- a/old/54625-8.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2649 +0,0 @@ -Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, March 7, 1882, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Harper's Young People, March 7, 1882 - An Illustrated Weekly - -Author: Various - -Release Date: April 29, 2017 [EBook #54625] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, MARCH 7, 1882 *** - - - - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - - - - - - - - -[Illustration: HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE] - - * * * * * - -VOL. III.--NO. 123. PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. PRICE FOUR -CENTS. - -Tuesday, March 7, 1882. Copyright, 1882, by HARPER & BROTHERS. $1.50 per -Year, in Advance. - - * * * * * - - - - -[Illustration: "I DON'T BELIEVE THE PEOPLE OF THE EARTH WOULD HAVE DARED -TO TREAT YOU AS THEY HAVE TREATED US."] - -FATHER TIME'S DILEMMA. - -BY RAJA. - - -There was a commotion in the moon. Father Time had the rheumatism in -both legs, and could not move from his seat by the fire-place. This was -a horrible state of affairs. For thousands upon thousands of -years--nobody knows how many--he had never failed to make his visit to -the earth, and now he was helpless; and what would be the result of a -day's neglect of duty? Perhaps the world would come to an end; for with -the end of Time, what else could be expected? At all events, his -reputation would be ruined, and the bare idea made him writhe and groan. - -"My dear, pray be more careful," said his wife, anxiously. "If you toss -your arms about in that reckless fashion, you will certainly do some -mischief. I have picked up your scythe seven times, and your hour-glass -was just on the point of tumbling from the table." - -"Let it tumble," growled Father Time, crossly. "If my reputation goes, -what do I care for the hour-glass? Aïe! aïe! where do you suppose I took -this rheumatism? Never dreamed that I could have it at my age, after all -the draughts that I've been exposed to. It must have been that dreadful -eclipse that made the air so chilly." - -At this there went up such a howl from the Moon that all the inhabitants -of Venus, which happened to be in the neighborhood, thought there was a -thunder-storm. Father Time's billions and trillions of children had just -come quietly into his room to ask how he felt, and when they heard their -usually gentle parent express himself in such impatient tones they -thought he must certainly be delirious, and wept aloud in anguish. He -was rather ashamed of his burst of passion when he saw how they took it -to heart, and hung his head for a while, upon which his wife tried to -comfort him. - -"It's almost time for Sol to go to earth, and how can he if I'm not with -him? I shall go crazy if this state of things continues." - -"Papa," cried two billion of his children, "why could not we take your -place for to-day?" - -"Oh yes," echoed all the rest; "we do so long to be useful!" - -A gleam of hope lighted their father's gloomy face, but he looked a bit -doubtful. "Are you sure that you know what to do and where to go? You -have not my power of ubiquity; that is to say, you can not be everywhere -at once as I am." - -"But there are more than enough of us to go around," answered the -children. "Each one of us will spend the day by the side of some mortal, -and we are sure you will not be missed. As for old Sol, it will be easy -enough to explain your absence to him. It is all his fault for letting -himself be eclipsed." - -"Very well, then, my dear children; go, and success attend you. Do not -forget our family motto." He stretched out both his arms in blessing, -and solemnly pronounced the words "Tempus fugit." - - * * * * * - -Earth's daylight had fled, and all its inhabitants were soundly -sleeping. Father Time's children trooped back into his room, and a more -dejected multitude was never seen before. With very few exceptions, they -were all pale and tired and forlorn. He looked at them for a moment, and -then a sly twinkle crept into his eyes as he said: - -"What is the matter, children? Haven't you enjoyed your day on the -earth?" - -They raised their heads to groan an emphatic "No," and wearily let them -drop again. - -"Why, you have envied me my daily trip there for ages"--they gave a sigh -in unison--"and never would believe me when I said it had its -drawbacks." - -They looked too crushed to answer, but finally one of them said, "I -don't believe the people of earth would have dared to treat you as they -treated us." - -Father Time leaned back in his chair and laughed aloud. "Let me hear -what they have done to you," he said. "You begin," nodding to the child -who sat nearest to him, an attenuated little creature with hollow -cheeks. She raised her head, and began, in a feeble voice: - -"I am so weak that I can hardly speak, for I have had the most dreadful -day that can be imagined. I took my place by a nice-appearing little -boy, whose mischievous look and dancing eyes attracted me to him at -once. At first I got on very well; he seemed to take a fancy to me. But -after a while he grew careless, dropped his books, yawned and stretched. -Then he began to get into mischief, and did more naughty things in the -course of an hour than I imagined could be done in a day; and so matters -went on from bad to worse. I felt myself wasting away, but he never once -thought of me, never gave me another bit of attention, and I thought I -should not live to get home. Finally, when his mamma came in, and wanted -to know what he had been doing, the naughty child threw all the blame of -his neglected duties on me; said that I was a 'hateful Time to go so -fast,' and called me a hundred other unjust names. I am so tired!--so -tired!" - -Father Time smiled pityingly, and stroked his poor child's head. - -"You have been terribly wasted, my dear; I know how unpleasant that is. -But never fear; a good sleep will quite restore you.--What have you to -say, my son?" to the next child. - -"Look at me," moaned the one questioned. "I am one mass of bruises from -head to foot. I can hardly walk. I was never so treated in my life." - -"What has happened to you?" - -"I went into the house of a child who seemed very fond of study, and -whom I thought would be very pleasant company. Stupid little -thing!"--with a burst of rage--"she began to practice her music, and -that moment I felt a sharp pain; she set to work beating me with all her -might and main, great irregular thumps, now on my head, now on my -shoulders, until I thought I must scream. I did groan and moan; it was -all of no use, for she went on, as it seemed to me, forever. By-and-by -her teacher came in, and that was better, for although he beat me, it -was in an entirely different way, that did not hurt at all. It was as if -he were caressing me. But the little vixen, belabored me again, and I am -all black and blue." - -"Never mind, poor boy," said Father Time. "You will be all right -to-morrow; but I have had enough of such beatings to sympathize with you -fully." - -"They have neither of them suffered as much as I," remarked a third -young Time, in a pathetic, subdued voice, "for they at least were abused -in an open sort of way; but I have been mortified beyond conception. -Shortly after my arrival in the world I entered the house of a -respectable middle-aged woman: you know I have always been fond of -associating with my elders, and I thought that I should be likely to -learn something from her which might be of use to me." - -"Quite right, my child," said Father Time, nodding his approval. - -"But there never was a greater mistake," continued his son. "From -morning until night that same respectable middle-aged lady has done -nothing but attempt to hide me, as if I were something to be ashamed of; -I, a scion of the oldest house in existence; I, a Time with a pedigree -which goes farther back than Adam, though it consists of only one -generation besides my own." (He said this with such pride that the -trillions of dejected Times for one second really straightened -themselves with family feeling.) "The first thing that she did was to -cover my face with the most disgusting paint and powder that were ever -invented, sighing all the time about wrinkles, crow's-feet, and the -ravages of time. Then she put on some untidy mess of hair all over my -forehead, and into my very eyes, after which she dressed me in a style -which made me blush under the paint. Such furbelows! such gew-gaws! Then -followed visits and conversations. She giggled; she simpered; she talked -to me and of me as if I were a babe in arms; why, she talked like Mother -Goose herself, and Father Gander, and the whole family of geese," -indignantly. "I declare it made my blood boil." - -Father Time looked grave. "I know thousands of such women," he said, -"who are ashamed of their acquaintance with us. Very foolish of them, -since they can not possibly cut us, and since, if they only knew it, -there is no alliance in the world more highly respectable. Cheer up, my -dear. You have nothing to be ashamed of.--And now tell me your -experience," to a fourth young Time, who was holding his head with both -hands, and groaning in agony. - -"I am tired almost to death, if a Time could die," was the reply. "I -have been with a poet." - -"Good things in their way," remarked his father. - -"But this one wasn't a good one, though he thought himself so. And the -worst of it all was that he insisted upon writing an ode to Time. Before -the day was over I almost wished that you, my dear father, had never -existed." - -"I know the man you mean," said Father Time, gravely; "he lives in every -town on the globe, and is the greatest time-waster on record. You look -thin with the fatigue.--Why, why, what is this?" - -A beautiful child stepped up before Father Time, and smiled in answer to -his exclamation. - -"Don't you know me, papa?" - -"Are you--is it possible--can you be one of my children? What has -happened to make you so lovely?" - -"I have been improved," was the answer. "I have never had a happier day -in all my life." - -Her brothers and sisters looked up in amazement. - -"Yes, I think I am the only one of us all who has been fortunate to-day. -I went into the house of the dearest child in all the world. Why, the -first thing that she did was to kiss and pet me, and say, 'Dear Time, -let us see how we can help each other to-day.' From the moment I came -until the moment I left she never faltered. In the first place, she -studied her lessons with great diligence--" - -"Ah!" said Father Time, "that is what makes your eyes shine so -brightly." - -"Then she played with some little friends, and was always sweet and -gentle with them. She talked so cheerfully and lovingly--" - -"That is what gives your lips that lovely smile," said Father Time -again. - -"She helped them in various little ways; picked up one when she fell, -fetched some toys to amuse another--did all she could to make them -happy. And when I left her this evening, she was as much improved as I. -Do you wonder that I have had a happy day?" - -"No, indeed," replied Father Time, while his children cried, in chorus, - -"Oh, I wish there had been more like her!" - -"Well," said the father, "now go to bed, you poor unfortunate creatures, -and sleep off your woes. My rheumatism has disappeared, and I shall be -able to go to earth myself to-morrow. Repeat our motto once more." - -With one voice the trillions of children replied: "Tempus Fugit. -Good-night." - - - - -MY BEAR HUNT. - -BY ALLAN FORMAN. - - -It wasn't a regular bear hunt; that is, I didn't do nearly as much -hunting as the bear did. I did not start out intending to hunt. He did. -I went to get the butter, when-- But I am getting ahead of my story. It -was when I was about thirteen years old that my father took my brother -and myself camping with him in the Adirondacks. We pitched our tent at -the head of Little Tupper Lake. There was a spring of fine cold water -not far back in the woods. So, after making our beds out of pine boughs, -building a fire, and setting up the table, we went down to the spring, -and put our butter--which was in a tin pail fitted with a water-tight -cover--in it to keep cool. - -All went well for the first few days. Father and brother Will (who was -fifteen) shot a deer, so that we had plenty of venison. The guide caught -a quantity of trout, and we were enjoying ourselves so thoroughly that -we began to dread the time when we should have to return home. - -"Can't we stay longer than two weeks?" I asked father one morning. - -"We'll stay until the butter gives out," he replied, laughing. - -The nearest place to get butter was twenty miles away, and as it was -disappearing rapidly, owing to the appetites of growing boys, father had -already warned us of the necessity of economy in that direction. We -were, after that, very sparing in our use of butter, and it seemed, to -bid fair to last longer than the promised two weeks. As the guide was -preparing supper one evening, father said, "Will, I wish that you would -go down to the spring and get some water; and, Charlie, you go too, and -bring up some butter." It was a simple request, but thereby hangs the -tale of my first and only bear hunt. - -We started off, and soon came to the spring. The path led around it into -a thicket of huckleberry bushes. Will proposed that we should pick some -for supper. We plunged into the thicket, and soon were busy picking the -delicious fruit. We had not been occupied in this manner very long when -we heard a crashing in the bushes near the spring, and as we looked -back, we saw a great black bear. He was not fifty feet away from us, and -was gazing into the spring with a complacent air. - -"He's looking at himself," said Will. - -"See him grin," I replied, divided between fear and curiosity. - -"Thinks he's handsome," whispered Will. - -Bruin looked over in our direction with an annoyed expression, and we -decided to suspend our remarks as to his personal appearance until some -more convenient time--when he was further away, in fact. He continued to -peer intently into the spring, and we were beginning to get impatient, -when, to our horror, he slowly extended his paw, and without much -trouble fished up our butter pail. He calmly seated himself on the -ground, and taking the pail between his hind-paws, regarded it -reflectively for a few moments. He seemed lost in thought. Then he -smiled blandly, and slowly passed one of his strong fore-claws around -the rim of the pail. He repeated the operation, while Will and I looked -on in despair. - -"Maybe he can't get the top off," whispered Will. - -He had hardly spoken, when, with a slight rattle, the cover fell to the -ground. Will groaned. The bear paused, looked puzzled, smelled the -butter suspiciously, and sat looking at it with the air of a scientific -investigator. - -"He thinks that it is oleomargarine," whispered Will. - -But no. If Bruin did for a moment doubt the integrity of our butter, his -doubts had vanished; for with one sweep of his great tongue he -transferred about two pounds of it into his mouth. Will groaned. Bruin -paused, and to our excited imaginations looked in our direction, as if -he would have liked some boy to eat with his butter. - -We remained perfectly quiet while he finished the contents of the pail. -He licked out the last particle, and then carefully turned the pail over -and licked off the bottom and sides. After he had satisfied himself that -there was no more, he rose and looked into the spring. He seemed -discontented for a moment, but the recollection of his supper brightened -him up, and casting a loving glance at the empty pail, he trotted off, -"the best greased b'ar in the north woods," as our guide afterward -remarked. - -When he had gone a safe distance, Will and I sadly picked up the pail -and walked back to camp. Father was getting uneasy, and had started to -meet us. When we told him our adventure, he ran back to camp, and -getting the guide, dogs, and his rifle, started in pursuit of the thief. - -A little later we heard a shot, and before long father returned, -bringing the bear's skin, and some choice pieces of his flesh for -supper. Lack of butter compelled us to break up camp next day, and -notwithstanding the beautiful bear-skin rug Will and I have in our room, -we never quite forgave the thief who stole our butter. - - - - -[Illustration] - -HÄNSCHEN VON MÖNKGUT. - - -Translated into English, the name of this bright-faced fisher-boy is -"Little Jack." Mönkgut is a barren peninsula forming the southeastern -extremity of Rügen, an island off the coast of Prussia, in the Baltic -Sea. - -The Mönkgutes, as the inhabitants of the wild and comfortless strip of -land call themselves, are distinguished by many original traits in -dress, customs, and language. They are a peculiar race, opposing -anything new that comes to them from the outside world, and clinging -stubbornly to the ways and manners of their ancestors. - -Yet these people have kind hearts, and many of the boys and girls who -lead constrained lives in our great cities might well envy the freedom -and fun enjoyed by Little Jack as he roams up and down the shore, -gathering shells, and playing hide-and-seek with the snow-capped waves. - -One of these days, when he grows up, he will without doubt be a sailor -or a fisherman, as all his forefathers have been. Even now he is all -equipped, with his home-spun vest and wide hat tied so closely under his -chin. Presently he will be permitted to help his father with an oar, and -then the time will come when he himself will command some brave boat as -it rides out over the billows. - - - - -THE INVENTION OF THE STOCKING-LOOM. - - -Nearly two hundred years ago, when Queen Elizabeth was seated on the -throne of England, there lived in the quiet little village of -Woodborough, in Nottinghamshire, a modest, earnest, thoughtful boy -called William Lee. So great was his love for study and for reading of -almost any kind that, after finishing school, his parents sent him to -Cambridge. - -One day, while out for a walk, William saw a young girl sitting at a -cottage door knitting a stocking. Very soon he made her acquaintance, -and during the visits he paid her he would read aloud while she plied -her knitting-needles. When tired of reading, William frequently -suggested a ramble in the fields, but Nellie nearly always refused, -giving as her reason that her work must be attended to, and that she -dare not lay it aside for pleasure. Of course her lover admired her -industry, but he could not help wondering if some means could not be -discovered by which stockings might be made more quickly. - -In time William became a clergyman, and he married Nellie. But his -income was very small, and they had to save in every possible way. -Nellie saw with pain the care-worn look on his brow; she knew too well -why it had settled there. At length a happy thought flashed across her -mind--she would send for her knitting-needles, and begin her -stocking-knitting again. She knew there would be no difficulty in -selling any number of stockings she might make. Her needles moved so -quickly that before long the amount of work completed was sufficient to -offer for sale. - -As William sat watching his wife's needles, he carefully observed how -the loops were made, and how the same thread travelled round and round -the stocking, forming a new loop every time it passed through an old -one. As he watched Nellie's fingers, the idea gradually dawned upon him -how a machine might be invented to do the work instead; and after much -planning he succeeded in making the small model of a knitting-frame. -Delighted with his success, he went to London, where, after much -difficulty, he gained access to Lord Hunsdon, one of the Queen's -ministers, who informed Queen Elizabeth that a poor parson he knew had a -wonderful machine for making stockings, which he wanted her Majesty to -inspect. The Queen refused the patent because the machine only made -woollen stockings. - -William was very much disappointed, but he resolved nevertheless to -carry out his plans. For seven or eight years he patiently worked away, -improving his machine, until at length he completed a frame delicate -enough for silk work. With this he made a pair of silk stockings, which -he forthwith forwarded to the Queen. Elizabeth praised their beauty and -elasticity, but gave him nothing for them. - -As the time passed on, William's expenses increased, and although he had -made considerable money, it had been necessary to spend so much on his -machines that very little profit remained. The sale, too, of the woven -stockings was hindered by popular prejudice, and, added to all this, his -friend at court was dead. - -At this crisis, Lee's stocking-loom, which was being discussed far and -wide, became an object of interest to Henry IV. of France, who sent -William an invitation to remove to that country. Thither the inventor -went, hoping great things from royal patronage, and taking with him a -few workmen, set up his machinery at Rouen. For a short time he carried -on a brisk, thriving trade, and began to indulge the belief that his -last days would be his brightest, when suddenly his hopes were crushed -by the assassination of Henry by Ravaillac. This sad event put an end to -the success of William. The French people regarded him with suspicion -both as a Protestant and as an Englishman, and after wandering about -from place to place, he died, broken-hearted and almost starving, in -Paris. - -To-day, machine-made stockings are worn by the people of all civilized -countries, and thousands upon thousands of dollars are made by their -manufacture. - - - - -[Illustration: AT ODDS.] - - - - -THE TALKING LEAVES.[1] - -[1] Begun in No. 101, HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE. - -An Indian Story. - -BY WILLIAM O. STODDARD. - -CHAPTER XXII. - - -Only a few of the Apache braves went across the river. Many Bears did not -go, and those who did came back almost immediately. Murray soon saw very -clearly that nothing more could be done in behalf of peace. - -"Send Warning come with braves?" inquired Many Bears, when at last his -whole force was gathered, impatient to be led away. - -"No; we two will stay and help take care of camp. Pale-faces make big -peace with Lipans not long ago. Bad for us to strike them." - -The chief could understand that. An Indian of any tribe is held to be -bound by the treaties made by his people. Murray did not lose anything, -therefore, in the good opinion of his new friends by refusing to -accompany them. The only reply of Many Bears was: - -"Ugh! Good. Stay with camp. Lodge ready. Lipans never get near camp. All -safe." - -Many Bears was thinking of Murray's assertion that his enemies would -surely come to attack him, and he did not intend to let them get by him -in the dark. They came pretty near it, though, widely as the Apaches -spread themselves, and keenly as they kept up their look-out. -To-la-go-to-de's grand "circuit" would have succeeded, and he would have -dashed in upon the unprotected camp, if it had not been for a mere dwarf -of a young brave who had stolen that opportunity to go on his "first -war-path." He had done so without permission from his elders, and so -kept well away from them for fear some old warrior or chief might send -him back to camp in disgrace. Boy as he was, however, his ears were of -the best, and he knew the sound of the feet of many horses. He listened -for a moment, and then he knew by the sudden silence that they had -halted. - -This was the moment that the spies of Two Knives came racing up to -announce the suspicious change of direction on the part of the miners, -and the chief was considering the matter. - -"Not go back to camp?" - -"No," said one of the Lipan braves, pointing toward the south. "All -pale-faces go that way." - -"Ugh! Good. Pale-face chief very cunning. Not want to run against -Apaches. Go way around. Get there before we do. We ride." - -The Apache boy had not waited for them to start again. He had promptly -wheeled his pony, and dashed away through the darkness with the news. He -had not far to go before he fell in with a squad of his own people, and -his work was done. Older and wiser braves than himself, with eyes and -ears as keen as his own, rode forward to keep watch of the advancing -Lipans, while the others lashed their ponies and darted away to spread -the warning. - -Many Bears had no notion of fighting so terrible an enemy with less than -his whole force, and he was in no hurry to begin. Orders were sent for -everybody to fall back without allowing themselves to be seen, and the -Lipans were allowed to come right along, with the mistaken idea that -they were about to make a surprise. They moved in two long scattered -ranks, one about a hundred yards in advance of the other, when suddenly -old To-la-go-to-de himself rose in his saddle, and sent back a low -warning cry. - -He had seen shadowy forms flitting along in the gloom around him, and he -was not sure but he had heard the beat of hoofs upon the sod. In half a -minute after, he had uttered the warning cry which so suddenly halted -his warriors, he was quite sure he heard such sounds, and a great many -others. - -First came a scattering but hot and rapid crash of rifle firing; then a -fierce chorus of whoops and yells; then, before the two ranks of Lipans -could join in one body, a wild rush of shouting horsemen dashed in -between them. There was a twanging of bows, a clatter of lances, and -more firing, with greater danger of somebody getting hit than there had -been at first. Then in a moment Two Knives found his little band -assailed on all sides at once by superior numbers. The orders of Many -Bears were that the rear rank of his foes should only be kept at bay at -first, so that he could centre nearly all his force upon the foremost -squad. The latter contained a bare two dozen of chosen warriors, and -their courage and skill were of little use in such a wild hurly-burly. -To-la-go-to-de and three more warriors even suffered the disgrace of -being knocked from their ponies, tied up, and led away toward the Apache -village as prisoners. - -The rear rank of the Lipans had made a brave charge, and it had taught -them all they needed to know. The battle was lost, and their only -remaining hope was in the speed of their horses. They turned from that -fruitless charge as one man, and rode swiftly away--swiftly, but not -wildly, for they were veterans, and they kept well together. A few of -the Apaches followed in pursuit, but the Lipans were well mounted. The -approach of night favored them, and in the darkness the main body made -its way to the shelter of the mountain pass in safety. - - * * * * * - -Even before the Apaches had set out to find their Lipan enemies, Murray -and Steve made their way across the ford, and were guided by a -bright-eyed boy to the lodge which had been set apart for them. - -"Now, Steve," said Murray, "you stay here awhile. I can do some things -better if I'm alone." - -"All right;" and Steve threw himself down on the blanket he had spread -upon the grass. - -The lodges of the chief were not far apart from each other, and Murray -had not gone twenty steps before he found himself in front of one of -them, and face to face with a very stout and dark-complexioned squaw. -But if she had been a warrior in the most hideous war-paint she could -not have expected a man like Send Warning to be startled so at meeting -her. - -Perhaps she did not notice the tremor which went over him from head to -foot, or that his voice was a little husky when he spoke to her. At all -events, she answered him promptly enough, for at that moment there was -nobody in sight or hearing for whose approval or disapproval Mother -Dolores cared a button. The two girls within the tent were not worth -considering. - -Murray had used his eyes to some purpose when he had watched Dolores at -her cooking, and his first words had made her his very good friend. - -"Squaw of great chief. Squaw great cook. Know how." - -"Is Send Warning hungry?" - -"Not now. Eat enough. Great chief and warriors go after Lipans. -Pale-faces stay in camp." - -"They will all eat a heap when they come back. Bring Lipan scalps, too." - -"The Lipans are enemies of the Apaches. The Mexicans are friends." - -"The Mexicans!" exclaimed Dolores. - -"Yes. Great chief marry Mexican squaw. Handsome. Good cook." - -"I am an Apache." - -"Yes, Apache now. Mexican long ago. Forget all about it. All about Santa -Maria--" - -"No, no; the Talking Leaf remembers that." - -And the poor woman nervously snatched from her bosom the leaf of the -magazine on which was printed the picture of the Virgin and Child, and -held it out to Murray. He could but dimly see what it was, but he -guessed right, for he said, instantly: - -"You remember that, do you? I suppose you never knew how to read. Not -many of 'em do, down there. The Apaches came one day and carried you -off. Horses, mules, cattle, good cook--killed all the rest." - -"How do you know?" suddenly interrupted Dolores. "I remember all that. -Don't want to, but I can't help it. Same thing happens a great many -times. Apaches are great warriors. Many Bears is a great chief. Bring -back heap of prisoners every time." - -She was telling Murray what he wanted to know, but he saw that he must -ask his questions carefully, for, as he said to himself: "I never saw a -woman so completely Indianized. She is more of an Apache than a Mexican -now." - -He talked and Dolores answered him, and all the while the two girls -heard every word. Ni-ha-be would have liked to make comments every now -and then, and it was quite a trial to be compelled to keep so still, but -Rita would not have spoken on any account. It seemed to her as if -Dolores were telling all that to her instead of to Send Warning. She -found herself thinking almost aloud about him. - -"What a kind, sweet voice he has! He can not speak Apache. I know he is -good." - -In another moment she again came near betraying herself, for the words -were on her very lips before she could stop them and still them down to -an excited whisper. - -"He is not talking even Mexican now. It is the tongue of the Talking -Leaves, and I can hear what he says." - -More than that, for she soon found that she could repeat them over and -over to herself, and knew what they meant. - -Murray had talked to Dolores as long as was permitted by Indian ideas of -propriety, and it was just as he was turning away from her that he said -to himself, aloud and in English: "I am not mistaken. She is the same -woman. Who would have thought she could forget so? I am on the right -track now." And then he walked away. - -He had not gone far, however, when his footsteps were checked by the -sound of war-whoops from the throats of the triumphant braves on their -return to the camp. - -"That's the whoop for prisoners," he exclaimed. "If they bring in any, I -must not let them see me here. I never hated Apaches more in my life. It -won't do to lose my friends. Here they come." - -He crept to the edge of the bushes and lay still. There would be a -council called at once, he knew, and he would be sent for, but he was -determined to wait and see what was done with the prisoners. - -They were the great To-la-go-to-de and his three chiefs, none of them -hurt to speak of, but they were all that were left of the foremost rank -of the Lipans in that brief, terrible combat. - -Other braves kept back the mob of squaws and children, while the four -distinguished captives were almost carried into one of the lodges at the -border of the bushes. - -Here more thongs of strong deer-skin were tightened upon their helpless -limbs, a strong guard of armed braves was stationed in front of the -lodge, and the Lipans were left in the dark to such thoughts as might -come to them. - -Not an Apache among their guards dreamed that anything could happen to -the captives. And yet, within two minutes from the time he was spread -upon his back and left alone, old Two Knives heard inside the lodge a -low warning hiss. - -His companions also heard it, but neither of them was so unwise as to -answer by a sound. - -The hiss was repeated, and now it was close to the chief's ear. - -"Friend come. No Tongue is here. Great chief must be snake. Creep -through hole in back of lodge. Find plenty horse. Ride fast. Get to -pass. Never forget friend. No Tongue come some time." - -Even while he was whispering, the sharp edge of Murray's knife was busy -with the thongs, and in a moment more all four of the prisoners were -free--free to lie silently, while their friend repeated to each in turn -his advice as to what they were to do next. - -[Illustration: THE ESCAPE OF TO-LA-GO-TO-DE AND HIS CHIEFS.] - -Their nerves had not been shaken by their defeat, and when Murray -slipped away again through the slit he had cut in the lodge cover, he -was followed by four forms that made their way every bit as quietly as -so many snakes could have done. - -What puzzled To-la-go-to-de and his friends was that when they ventured -to rise upon their feet, out in the dark among the horses, No Tongue was -not with them. - -"Ugh! Gone!" - -"Cunning snake. Stay and strike Apaches. Then come." - -"Good friend. Big warrior." - -They could not quite understand the matter, but of one thing they were -sure: No Tongue had penetrated the Apache camp in the most daring -manner, and had set them free at the risk of his life. - -He had disappeared now, but they felt abundantly able to look out for -themselves. - -Even the ordinary watchers of the corral had left their stations to join -the shouting crowd in camp, who were boasting of their victory, and the -escaping Lipans could do about as they pleased. - -They could find no weapons, but there were saddles and bridles and -scores of fleet steeds to choose from, and it was but a few minutes -before Two Knives and his friends were on their way through the darkness -toward the river. - -They did not hunt for any ford. Horses and men alike knew how to swim. -Once safely across, there was a great temptation to give a whoop, but -the chief forbade it. - -"No. Keep still. No Tongue is on the trail of the Apaches. Noise bad for -him." - -With that he sprang into his saddle, and led the way at a fierce gallop. - -[TO BE CONTINUED.] - - - - -INCIDENTS OF THE GREAT FLOOD. - - -If we could gather together the records of the mighty flood that lately -laid waste the great valleys of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, we -should have a wonderfully terrible yet glorious picture of peril, -suffering, and heroism. Scarcely a town but has its own sad tale of -bridges carried away, railroad tracks washed out, houses flooded, and -whole families forced to flee before the advancing waters, and in many -cases to flee in vain. In Arkansas and Mississippi the mighty "Father of -Waters" burst through the great levees which the labor of generations -has built up to confine him within bounds, and rushed over the low-lying -country beyond, carrying death and desolation with him. In Arkansas City -every house was flooded, and families retreated to the upper stories of -their homes. Many families whose houses were but of one story were -forced to abandon their homes, and trust themselves to small boats or -rafts hastily put together. - -A sad fate befell one such family. They were a gentleman and his wife -and six children, four of whom were between the ages of six and -fourteen. The floods had risen around them until not even the roof -afforded a safe refuge. Their only hope was a small boat--a -"dug-out"--and in it they all embarked. But what chance had they in such -a tiny craft and in such a storm? The story is short. The boat capsized, -and the father saved his wife, only to realize that they two were left -childless. - -In another place two brothers were alone in their father's house on the -bank of a creek. The water rose so rapidly that before they could -realize it the house was surrounded, and they saw no hope but to trust -themselves to the water, and endeavor to reach higher ground, where they -would be safe. They were brave, strong lads, but all too weak to battle -against the raging torrent into which they plunged. One of them was not -seen more. The other reached a haven of refuge in a tree, and had help -been at hand he might have lived to tell the fearful tale. But no aid -was near. It was twenty-four hours before he was found, and then cold -and exposure had done their work. The two brothers had perished within a -few hours of one another. - -Many of you will remember the story of Rupert of Ware, which was told in -these pages last Halloween. It is such noble acts as that of his that -light up the gloomy narratives of great calamities. This story also has -its bright side. Doubtless it has many heroes. We can tell of only one. - -It was at Paducah, a river-side town in Kentucky, that a young hero, a -boy named "Dad" Little, pushed off in his skiff to rescue some men in a -flat-bottomed boat, whom the fierce river was hurrying to destruction on -its angry tide. As soon as the boy reached them, they seized his boat -and scrambled into it, so that it capsized. Two of them were drowned, -and the others, with "Dad" Little, saved themselves by holding on to the -overturned boat. As the boat floated near the shore, the brave boy swam -to a tree, and climbed up into it, and was not rescued from his cruel -position until six hours later. - - - - -PERIL AND PRIVATION. - -BY JAMES PAYN. - -II.--ON THE KEYS OF HONDURAS. - - -Ashton's first task was to range the island. It proved to be thirty -miles or so in length, but its only inhabitants were birds and beasts; -it was well watered, and full of hills and deep valleys. - -In the latter were many fruit trees, and also vines and currant bushes. -There was one tree which bore a fruit larger than an orange, oval -shaped, and brown without and red within. This he dared not touch until -he saw the wild hogs eating it, lest it should be poisonous. Fruit was -his only food. He had no weapon to kill any animal, or the means of -cooking it when killed. One often reads of producing fire by friction, -but unless one has flint and steel this is very difficult. Some savages -only know the secret of it, and it is doubtful whether any white man has -ever succeeded in it. In Philip Ashton's island there were no matches. - -He found tortoise eggs in the sand, which he dug up with a stick, -"sometimes a hundred and fifty of them at a time." These he ate, or -strung on a strip of palmetto and hung them in the sun. They were very -hard and tough, but he was glad to get them. Enormous serpents, twelve -and fourteen feet long, were numerous. When they were lying at full -length he often took them for "old trunks of trees covered with short -moss," and was much astonished when they opened their mouths and hissed -at him. - -What annoyed him much more, however, were the "small black flies," which -harassed him in myriads. To escape them he longed to swim over to a -small "key," which, being without trees, and exposed to the wind, was -probably free from those pests. He was, however, a very indifferent -swimmer, and had no canoe nor the means of making one. - -At last he hit on the idea of putting a piece of bamboo, which is as -hollow as a reed and light as a cork, under his chest and arms, and so -trusted himself to the sea. - -Once the bamboo slipped from under him, and he was nearly drowned. At -another time a shovel-nosed shark struck him on the thigh, and but for -the shallowness of the water, "which prevented its mouth getting round" -at him, he would have perished miserably. Practice, however, soon made -him a good swimmer, and in spite of the sharks he swam over to the -little island daily to escape the flies. - -He had built a hut, if it could be called such, by taking fallen -branches and fastening them by means of split palmetto leaves to the -hanging boughs. This sheltered him from the noonday sun and the heavy -night dews. The entrance of this hut "was made to look toward the sea," -in hopes of rescue. - -"I had had the approbation of my father and mother," he piously -reflects, "in going to sea, and I trusted it would please God in His -own time and manner to provide for my return to my father's house." - -But in the mean time he endured frightful sufferings. His feet became -very sore from walking on "the hot beach, with its sharp, broken -shells," and sometimes, "though treading with all possible caution," a -shell on the beach or a stick in the woods would open an old wound, -inflicting such agony that he would fall down suddenly as if he had been -shot. Rather than risk any more such misery, he would sometimes sit for -a whole day, with his back against a tree, looking with tearful eyes for -the vessel that never came. - -[Illustration: ASHTON PROTECTING HIMSELF FROM THE WILD-BOAR.] - -Once, when faint from such injuries, a wild-boar ran at him. He could -not stand, but caught at the bough of the tree above him, and hung -suspended while the beast made his charge. "He tore away a portion of my -ragged trousers, and then went on his way, which I considered to have -been a very great deliverance." - -These hardships, and the living almost entirely on fruit, brought him to -great extremities. He "often fell to the ground insensible," and thought -every night would be his last. He lost count of the days of the week, -and then of the month. The rainy season came on, and he grew worse. - -At one time--as he judged in November--he saw a sight which, had he been -himself, would have filled him with joy. He beheld a small canoe -approaching the shore, with a single man in it. The spectacle excited -little emotion. "I kept my seat on the beach, thinking that I could not -expect a friend, and being in no condition to resist an enemy." - -The stranger called out to him in English, and Ashton replied that he -might safely land, for that he was the only inhabitant of the island, -and as good as dead. - -The whole incident is most curious, but the strangest fact of all is the -unenthusiastic terms in which our hero describes the matter. It is clear -he must have been almost at death's door. This stranger proved to be a -native of North Britain; Scotchmen were then so called. "He was well -advanced in years, and of a spare and venerable aspect, and of a -reserved temper.... He informed me he had lived two-and-twenty years -with the Spaniards, who now threatened to burn him, for what crime I did -not know. He had fled to the 'key' as an asylum, bringing with him his -dog, gun, ammunition, and also a small quantity of pork." Ashton goes on -to say that the stranger showed him much kindness, and gave him "some of -his pork." - -On the third day after his arrival, the new-comer prepared to make an -excursion in his canoe to some of the neighboring islands for the -purpose of killing deer. Our hero, though much cheered by his society, -and especially by the fire, the means of kindling which the other had -brought with him, and by eating cooked food, was too weak and -sore-footed to accompany him. The sky was cloudless, and the man had -already come six-and-thirty miles in safety, so that their parting -seemed only a "good-day." - -But it was final. A storm arose within the hour, in which his visitor -doubtless perished. - -What is very singular, Ashton never had the curiosity to ask him his -name; and though our hero found himself so suddenly deprived of his -companion, and reduced to his former lonely state, he consoled himself -with the reflection that he was in far better circumstances than before. -He had "pork, a knife, a bottle of gunpowder, tobacco, tongs, and a -flint." He could now cut up a turtle and boil it. - -Three months afterward another canoe came on shore, but without a -tenant. The possession of this vessel was a somewhat doubtful boon to -him. He rowed in it to another "key" miles away, where, having landed, -he lay down to sleep, with his face to the sea, as usual, and his back -to a tree. - -"I was awakened by a noise of firing, and starting up beheld nine -piraguas [large canoes] full of men, all firing at me. I ran among the -bushes as fast as my sore feet would allow, while they called after me, -'Surrender yourself, O Englishman, and we will give you good quarter.'" -By their firing at an inoffensive man Ashton knew that they were -Spaniards, and guessed what was their idea of "good quarter." After -hiding in the woods for that night he returned to his little island the -next day, and to the hut of boughs, "which now seemed a royal palace to -me." - -After nineteen months' residence alone on this spot, save for that -three days' visit from the stranger, Ashton was joined by seventeen -Englishmen, fugitives from Spanish cruelty. They were accustomed to -hardships and miseries, but "they started back in horror at the sight of -so wild, ragged, and wretched an object." - -A spoonful of rum which they administered to him almost took away his -life, owing to his long disuse of strong liquors. They clothed and fed -him, and were very good to him, though "in their common conversation," -as he naïvely remarks, "there was very little difference between them -and pirates." - -Considering what he had gone through, one is inclined to wonder how Mr. -Philip Ashton could have been so very particular. He seems to have been -an honest, good man, and did not forget to express his earnest gratitude -to Providence when rescued at last by a British sloop driven near his -"key" by stress of weather. He arrived home at Salem in March, 1725, -having spent eight months on board a pirate ship, and nineteen on the -"key." "That same evening," he says, "I went to my father's house, where -I was received as one risen from the dead." - - - - -[Illustration: IN GRANDMAMMA'S CHAIR.] - - - - -[Illustration: "DIT UP, G'AN'PA!"] - - - - -SOMETHING ABOUT SONATAS. - -BY MRS. JOHN LILLIE. - - -It was once my good fortune to stay in an Italian country house, where -among many treasures there were some old music-books. - -These books were in manuscript, and they had been written in the -fourteenth or the fifteenth century. They seemed to have existed as long -as the old house. They were kept in a little black ebony cabinet in a -long room full of soft old colors. - -There was a grand piano in the room, for the young ladies of the house -played beautifully, and there was an organ for the use of the master of -the house. The old music-books seemed suited to the room and to the -organ. - -I did not play any of the music. It would have been very difficult -indeed to have done so, as the notation was not like ours, but it -suggested many grave sweeping chords. Taking the chord of G major, for -instance, I tried to see just how much the writer of this old music knew -about it. Not a great deal; yet the Gregorian chant had been -established, and in this music were various ideas which we have since -developed. - -Now the most interesting part of it all to me was certain queer little -marks in the music. Here and there was a tiny _f_, which, as you know, -meant what we now write as _forte_. There was a little _t_, or _bt_, -meaning _teneatur_, or _ben tenuto_; a little _c_, meaning _celeriter_, -or _con moto_, and so on. - -I think the beginning of any art is interesting. All sorts of little -shadowy suggestions of things that we have now in perfection seemed to -me to lurk in those faded pages. As I put the books back in the ebony -cabinet, and sat down by the wood fire, while B---- was drumming on the -piano, I thought a great deal of the earnest, hopeful, patient old monk -who had written it. And now, taking these little marks for my text, I -want to tell you something about musical terms and signs. - -Before you try to understand any great work like a symphony or sonata, -you ought to thoroughly acquaint yourself with its very first -principles. A great deal of hidden meaning lies in these simple little -signs and terms. - -That little _f_ in the old music meant, as I say, _forte_, that is, -loud, strong, as you know by its connection with the piano. The Italians -called it _fragor_, and when you see it _Fp_, or _fp_, it means a quick, -loud sound, suddenly subsiding into a _piano_ or soft sound. Try the -chord of A flat; it is a beautiful one, and you can best practice on it -the _fp_. - -The old _teneatur_, or _tenuto_, means that the note or chord should be -sustained or held on to. I think this is best practiced at first in -duets, for as you play you will see the effect of the _tenuto_ on the -notes your companion is playing, without having to worry yourself over -holding the note properly, and playing with the other hand at the same -time. - -_Con moto_ means with celerity or rapidity. Any gavotte music practices -this. - -These are only a few signs, but I have explained them just to show you -how very necessary they can be both to practice and performance, and I -think it well for all beginners in music to study certain bits just for -the purpose of learning how to interpret such signs quickly at sight. An -interesting half-hour's practice might be expended any day, I think, in -this direction. I once knew a very ardent little student who always gave -twenty minutes a day to what she called "rules." They were the study of -sight reading, the learning of signs and reading music accordingly, the -formation of chords, and the practice of making harmonic changes. I -think it was a very useful part of her practicing. She often looks back -to it now, thankful that she then accustomed herself to _thinking_ in -her music. - -Now, as I suppose you know, besides these dynamic signs, there are many -terms used to indicate both the time and the character of the music to -be played. You see them on every piece of music. Many of these are -necessarily parts of long works like symphonies and sonatas; but of -them, when so used, I hope I may tell you at some other time. I speak of -them now in their general significance. Take the constantly used -_allegro_. It always looks to me just what it means--brightness and -gayety. Literally, it means _cheerful_. Now, as a matter of _time_, when -you see _allegro_, you may know that you ought to play it between -_andante_ time and _presto_ time. - -Sometimes composers have simply called a piece an "allegro," just as -Milton called his famous poem "L'Allegro." You will find it often -modified by some other word, like _allegro assai_ or _con brio_, meaning -a quick allegro; and if you go to a large concert, and have some -knowledge of the music to be played, you may be surprised to find that -the orchestra will take the _allegro_ rather more slowly than you would -if you were playing at home. But this is a sort of unwritten rule which -governs performers in a large hall. To me the word written beside my -music as I turn the page seems to mean some fair and smiling country, -peace and plenty, joyful content, the gay look of youth, and the -sweetness of a gentle life. Try to play some _allegro_ movement, -thinking of these happy things, and see if your fingers do not move more -readily. - -The term _andante_ used only to be employed in its most literal sense, -which means _going_, and they then put other words with it, but now it -is only used to mean _going slowly_. Beethoven has written many pieces -just known as _andantes_. The word is constantly used to express a slow -and solemn movement, but _adagio_ means something even more stately and -pathetic. _Presto_ means a quick, sudden movement; it comes in often as -a change from a richer, fuller sound. _Scherzo_, a term you will -constantly see, literally means a _jest_, but it is employed to -designate a humorous or lively movement. - -These are, as you must know, only a few of the many terms employed in -music, but I have given you their significations chiefly because they -have to do with the arrangement of the sonata and the symphony. - -Some day I shall hope to tell you a great deal about famous sonatas and -symphonies, and concertos also, but here I can only give you some of the -rules which have to be employed in their composition. All this, I am -sure, ought to be very thoroughly understood by any one who plays a -sonata or wishes to fully enjoy listening to one. - -Originally the sonata consisted of slow, solemn movements when it was -for church music, and of one or two only when it was for secular music, -but the form in which we have it now is called the modern sonata, and -_must_ consist of four movements. - -First comes an _allegro_. This has two of what are called _themes_, or -subjects, one in the _tonic_ or key-note, the other in what is called -the _dominant_. This is the fifth note above the key-note. For example, -should the first theme of an allegro be written in C, the second would -have to be in G. It is called _dominant_, because the key of any passage -can not be accurately known unless it has this note for root. Should the -first theme of the sonata be written in the _minor_ key, then the second -would have to be in the relative major. - -The second movement of the sonata is the _andante_. This has usually one -theme or subject, and it is in a key which _relates_ in some way to the -tonic or leading key. I give you these rules simply, but they are worth -remembering as first steps to much deeper study. - -The third movement is a _minuet_ or _scherzo_ (this was introduced by -Beethoven). The fourth movement is again an _allegro_, or _presto_, or -_rondo_. Here we go back to the original key, but there is only one -theme, and this is often gone over and over in various ways. Now, then, -with these rules to govern them, musicians are allowed certain licenses, -so that occasionally you will find a sonata written not quite in this -form. Schubert, a wonderful composer, often disregarded rules in his -sonatas, and occasionally Beethoven did the same. To Haydn, Mozart, and -Beethoven we owe the sonata as we have it now, and for beginners I -should recommend Haydn and Mozart as the simplest reading and best music -to begin upon. - -A _symphony_, properly speaking, is an elaborate work like the _sonata_, -divided into movements, but arranged chiefly with a view to -orchestration. Any number of instruments may be used, and solos for -different instruments are introduced. Sometimes voices are added, as in -the famous Ninth Symphony of Beethoven. This is often called the Choral -Symphony. The first writer of genuine symphonies was Boccherini, and -Haydn brought them nearer to the form in which we have them. Mozart did -a little more, and Beethoven perfected them. - -Boccherini's music is often very dull, yet someway I like to think of -him, and to hear his symphonies. He must have been a very interesting -man to know. He was kindly, good-humored, and generous, and in the last -century he played divinely on the 'cello. Often he was very poor; he led -a wandering life, and wrote some delicious bits of music to pay for his -dinner. In those days musical opportunities were rare, and yet good -musicians often lived and died unappreciated. We of to-day owe poor, -gentle Boccherini a great deal. I well remember a dull day in London, -when at the house of a famous artist I heard some of his music rehearsed -by the greatest musicians in the world. They were preparing for a -concert, and asked a few friends to hear this impromptu practice. I -thought how glad poor Boccherini (who died in 1805, fairly tired of his -cruel life) would have been to hear such musicians render his work. -Somehow it seemed to shut out all the fog and cheerlessness of the -square below the window in which I sat. - - - - -THE LAST OF THE ICE. - - -"That's the end of the skating for this winter," said Jerry McDonald, -mournfully. - -"It'd have lasted three weeks longer," growled Put Giddings, "if it -hadn't been for Captain Myers and his old steamer." And Pat Farrel -added: - -"What for did he come alongshore and smash the best ice there was left? -It's foine big pieces he made of it, but they're no good for skatin'." - -Either old Captain Myers was a man with no heart for fun of that kind, -or he thought there had been enough of it that winter, for he had driven -the hard nose of his steamer right through the smooth surface of the -cove below toward the spot where he made his landings in the summer, and -there was no such thing as saying too much for the style in which he had -smashed the ice. There was just a narrow strip left right close to the -beach, and there was no good skating to be had on that. - -"There's lots of it," said Jerry, "but it won't freeze to bear again. -It'd be rougher'n ploughed ground if it did." - -"Some of the chunks are big ones," remarked Put. "That's the way the -icebergs get away from the north pole. They break away in the spring, -and they float down south and melt." - -"'Dade," exclaimed Pat Farrel, "an' don't I wish owld Myers was on wan -of thim icebergs!" But Put went right along in spite of the -interruption: - -"And if a white bear gets caught on an iceberg, he gets floated away -with and drowned, unless the menagerie men send out an expedition and -save him." - -"Those icebergs out there wouldn't float a dog," said Bill Thatcher. But -Pat Farrel came to Put's help: - -"Wouldn't they, now? That big wan, close inshore, would carry any wan of -us." - -"No, it wouldn't." - -"Yes, it would." - -They were right in the middle of the argument about that cake of ice, -when Put Giddings, who had gone to the edge of the solid strip to study -the matter, gave a little run and a sliding jump. He hardly knew why he -did it, but it landed him right in the middle of that cake of ice, and -the shove he gave it sent it several feet away from its moorings. - -"Here I am, boys! What do you think of this for an iceberg?" - -"Wid a young bear on it," said Pat. - -"Keep your balance," shouted Bill Thatcher. "How'll you ever get -ashore?" And Mum Robbins remarked: - -"It's just like Put. He's always doing something." - -"Don't she rock, though!" said Put, bravely. "Wish I had something to -steer with." - -"What for?" asked Pat. "Did you ever see an iceberg wid a rudder?" - -"Put," said Mum Robbins, "you're a-floating. There'll have to be an -expedition sent after you." - -"And save him, and put him in a menaygerie," said Pat. "It's a foine -bear he'd make." - -"If he doesn't stand still in the middle of it, he'll tip it over," -began Bill Thatcher. But Put had been studying his own chances, and he -shouted: - -"Boys, just one of you go and get a fence rail. I'll come ashore and let -some of you try it. It's the biggest cake around here." - -"Are you getting scared?" - -"Does it teter much?" - -There were a good many remarks made, but quite a squad of boys set off -after a fence rail, while Bill Thatcher called out: - -"Stand still right there in the middle. It wouldn't take much to tip her -over." - -"Rock her," said Pat Farrel. "Mebbe you kud rock her right back to the -shore." - -"When an iceberg gets loose," said Bill Thatcher, "it just floats away. -It doesn't go back to the pole and freeze on again." - -"Boys," exclaimed Put, "they'll have to bring a good long rail. The -water's getting wider and wider." - -So it was, and somehow it had a look of being colder and colder, and it -looked both wider and colder to the boy on the iceberg than it did to -any of the other young bears alongshore. - -The cake was a wide one, and it was floating pretty well, but Put -Griddings should not have taken Pat Farrel's advice about rocking it. - -There was a sudden dull cracking sound right under the unsteady feet of -Put Giddings. In a second or so more there were four or five small cakes -of ice on that spot of water instead of one big piece, and right in -among them was the cap of an unlucky boy, and from under the cap there -came a loud and astonished yell. - -"The iceberg's busted!" - -"Put's broke in!" - -"Hurry up that rail!" - -There were shouts enough, and there would have been a panic if it had -not been for Jerry McDonald. - -"Swim, Put," he shouted. "Catch the end of my tippet. It's the longest -kind of a tippet. Catch." - -[Illustration] - -Put himself was quite cool about the matter, now he had yelled. In fact, -almost anybody can keep cool in such ice-water as that was. The distance -was not great, but the tippet was thrown out three times before the -swimmer caught the end of it. - -"Now, Bill," said Jerry, "we've got him. Grab me round the waist, and -look out you don't slip. He's a-coming!" - -So he was, for all the world as if he was a big fish and they had hooked -him; but just as he came near the solid ice, and Bill and Jerry began to -strain harder than ever, the rescued "bear" suddenly arose in the water -until he stood half out of it. - -"Pull!" shouted Jerry, with his nose in the air, and an anxious look on -his face. "We've 'most got him." - -"They've got him, boys!" yelled a youngster who was hurrying up with a -fence rail twice as long as himself, but Put Giddings was as cool as -ever. - -It was easy enough to get out and start for home; but it was very mean -of Pat Farrel to remark, "Put, me b'y, ye'd betther dance all the way." - -"B-b-boys," replied Put, "if you w-w-want to know how a b-b-bear feels -on an iceberg, just try one of those other c-c-cakes." - -He started on what was as near a run as it was to a dance, but it was -plain he had received no worse harm than a wetting, and that crowd of -boys was by no means satisfied. - -"Look how the ice is packed in the cove," said Bill Thatcher, "and the -pieces are big ones too." - -"They wouldn't hold a fellow up." - -"Yes, they would." - -"See how Put's chunk carried him until he danced through it." - -"Boys," said Jerry, "don't you know? There's seven times as much of a -chunk of ice under the water as there is above it? Maybe it's eight -times." - -"Well," replied Mum Robbins, "if you should try to cross the cove on -that pack of cakes, there'd be seven times as much of you in the water -as there would be anywhere else." - -"Now I guess not. If a fellow ran fast enough, and if he didn't stop two -seconds on any one cake, he could get across." - -"S'posing he should slip up?" - -"He'd have to look out for that, and he'd have to jump pretty lively; -but he could do it." - -The excitement over Put Giddings and his iceberg had left that lot of -lake-shore boys in a bad state of mind, and they were drifting toward -the cove all the while they were talking. The ice there was indeed -packed pretty well. Not as closely as in an ice-house, perhaps, but -still it had a very substantial appearance, considering what it really -was. It seemed a great pity, too, not to get a little more fun out of -what had been the best skating ground on all that end of the lake. -Still, the remaining mischief was really done by Pat Farrel, small as he -was, for he broke in on the talk of the larger boys with: - -"Crass that ice, is it? I kud do it in a minute if me fut was well. Yer -afraid to thry it. That's all." - -There was always some place or other lame or bruised about Pat Farrel, -for the good reason that he could not see or think of any rash -undertaking he was not at once ready to try. - -Pat kept on talking, and the more he said about it, the more the taller -boys began to feel that it was their duty to try it. - -Mum Robbins was a little the best runner, but it was well known that -Bill Thatcher could outjump him, and the other boys were quite contented -to let those two make the experiment. - -They went back three or four rods from the edge of the "pack" to get a -good start, and then Pat Farrel shouted, "Now, b'ys, jump!" - -[Illustration: "EVERY CAKE THEY TROD UPON DANCED AND WOBBLED."] - -They started, and they were almost surprised, as were all the -lookers-on, to find how easy a piece of work it was at first. Their -footfalls hardly stirred the cakes of ice from their places, and the -small boys began to hurrah. All that, however, was near shore, where the -cakes were wedged and jammed together in a sort of close raft that -helped support itself, but there was something not quite so nice a -little further out toward the middle of the cove. Everything grew looser -and looser the further the two young adventurers went, and in a few -seconds more they were actually forced to jump a wide crack. Then all -the "race track" under them became full of cracks, and every cake they -trod upon danced and wobbled, and they were not half so sure of their -footing. - -Mum Robbins was winning the race, for he was three-quarters of the way -over, when he heard a loud cry behind him, and a great chorus of louder -cries on the shore. He did not dare to pause an instant, for he was -getting out of breath, and it would not do to use any cake for more than -one footstep. It was an awful half-minute, but the moment he reached -solid ice he turned and looked. "Where's Bill Thatcher?" - -Not running or jumping, and yet there he was, every inch of him. Bill -had alighted on the edge of a cake which was still tetering from the -effects of being trodden upon by Mum Robbins, and it had at once slipped -from under him. His foot went through into the water, and before he knew -it he was lying flat on his back. The next thing he was really sure of -was that he was also lying on three separate cakes of ice, and that they -wobbled dreadfully with every movement he made. - -Bill yelled in spite of himself when the water rose above the cracks, -and crept through to his skin. Here was a second panic among the -many-sized mob alongshore. One shouted one thing and one another, and -two small boys began to cry, but Pat Farrel was equal to the occasion. - -"What for did he do that? Now, b'ys, we've got to go for some boords. -There's a hape of 'em in front of owld Van Meter's fence. 'Tisn't far to -bring 'em. We'll have him out o' that." - -The work of transporting the best half of Deacon Van Meter's fencing -boards was done in a sort of frenzy, and Aunt Hannah Van Meter came -rushing out of the house to see about it. - -"Drowning? Mum Robbins, did you say Bill Thatcher was drowning? I'll run -down to the village and tell his mother." - -"Ye'd betther take howld and kerry a big boord wid us," replied Pat -Farrel, sturdily, and Aunt Hannah exclaimed: - -"Me? Carry a board? That's what I'll do, then." - -"Don't let his mother know he's dhrowned till afther we've saved him," -said Pat. "Then she won't care." - -All that time, short as it was, poor Bill lay there on his unsteady -raft, and felt more and more sorry he had been such a fool, while every -ten seconds somebody on the shore shouted to him: "Lie still, Bill. -They're a-coming." - -The boards did come, and three of them, side by side, on the ice, made a -bridge over which it would have been almost entirely safe to walk. - -"Roll over, Bill," called the crowd on shore, and Bill did roll. Any -part of it that was not rolled over was passed in a very cautious kind -of creeping. - -The shore was reached at last, but the first thing Bill heard, when he -stood upon his feet, was from Pat Farrel. - -"You've baten Mum Robbins entirely. He just run right acrass. You're the -ownly wan that dared to shtop and lie down." - -"He'll catch his death of cold," said Aunt Hannah. "Hurry home, William. -Your mother'll give you something warm." - -Bill took Aunt Hannah's advice. There were two boys who were glad to -spend that afternoon by the fire getting the chill out of their bones. -But who says there wasn't any fun the day Captain Myers's steamboat -broke up the ice on Long Lake? - - - - -THE CANDY PULL. - - -[Illustration] - - Such lots of fun - The other day, - When Tom, and Jack, - And Maud, and May, - - And children, till - The house was full, - Came trooping to - Our candy pull. - - The tiny tots, - Who looked so sweet, - Did nothing much - Except to eat. - - But we worked hard - The other day, - We older ones, - And thought it play. - -For a frolic what can be pleasanter than a candy pull? Have you had one -yet this winter? No? Well, children, do fly to mamma, and tell her that -your Aunt Marjorie Precept has just given you the nicest bit of advice -you've ever heard from her, and that is that you shall have the fun and -uproar of a good old-fashioned time making molasses candy. - -If any of you have such a splendid kitchen as the one in the picture, -and can swing your kettle of New Orleans molasses over a beautiful open -fire, you will enjoy it. But you may make very nice candy indeed upon -the stove or range. Aunt Marjorie made some the other day, and how she -would have liked to send you all a bit! She took two cups of molasses -and one of brown sugar, a tea-spoonful of butter, and a table-spoonful -of vinegar. After this mixture had boiled twenty minutes, she took it -off, and poured it on a wide platter to cool. As soon as it was cool -enough to be handled, she began to pull it, first buttering her hands -that the candy might not stick to them. The more she pulled it, the -whiter it grew. - -How can you tell when the candy is done, do you ask? Why, just get a -saucerful of cold water and drop some into it. If the candy sets itself -into shape when dropped, it is done. The old nurse who is helping these -boys and girls has made so much candy in her time that she is quite a -veteran. She feels like smiling at Rose and Patty, who are afraid of -their hands, and she praises Master Arthur, who is pulling his piece -with such energy. People who play with their might usually work with -their might too. - -Sly little Hughie, who is trying with his toy cane to pull off poor -nurse's cap, does not deserve a taste of candy. As for the little boy -who is drinking out of the pitcher, and the kitties that wait so -patiently to find out whether they are to have any milk after all the -fuss, we hardly know what to think. Some cats love candy, and some boys -think a drink is much more delicious if taken in a troublesome way. - -If you should have a candy pull, be sure that you let everybody have a -share of the work, and when the frolic is over, think whether there is -not some little sick boy or girl, or some poor family, who have not many -pleasures, and send away a boxful of candy to these friends the next -day. I wouldn't be surprised if you should write to me in this fashion: -"Dear Aunt Marjorie,--The best part of our candy pull was the -postscript." See if you don't. - - - - -[Illustration: THE GOSSIPS.] - - - - -OUR POST-OFFICE BOX. - - -A little Breeze crept slyly out the other day from under the wing of his -mother, the great North Wind. To his surprise he found a crowd of -Breezes and Zephyrs who had wakened an hour or two earlier than he. They -were rushing here and there, and frolicking with everything they saw. A -very pompous old gentleman with a gold-headed cane was walking down the -street, and a naughty Breeze whisked off his hat and wig. "Take care of -yourself!" said the Wind to the Breeze; "such behavior is very wrong." A -boy was carrying a kitten in a basket. He was taking it away to give it -to his aunt Mary. Presto! a Breeze whirled away his cap, and another one -peered into the basket, and out flew Miss Kittykins, and ran home as -fast as four velvet paws could carry her. The Breezes blew against the -shutters and broke the windows, and dashed around the corners, and had -the merriest time; and they are having it still. The Postmistress says -she is glad of it, for March is a jolly month, and all the while that he -is tearing about with his troop of whistling Winds and his crew of -rioting Gales he is preparing the way for the gentle maiden Spring to -come in earnest. - -And kite-time's here too, isn't it, boys? - - * * * * * - - CHELSEA, MASSACHUSETTS. - - We live on the bank of the Mystic River, and have a view of Bunker - Hill Monument, which is just opposite to us, on the Charlestown - side of the river. There is also on Bunker Hill a beautiful bronze - statue of Colonel Prescott. Our home is very pretty, and in the - summer we row in our boat on the river. The tide rises and falls - twice a day five or six feet. When it is low, and the rocks and - beach are bare, we find a great many star-fish. They have five - points, just like a star. The eye is in the middle. We dry them on - a board, and keep them as curiosities. - - We have a pair of goats. When the weather is good, they draw us in - a wagon, but now they draw a sled, which they do not like as well. - Our cow has a great deal of sense; the goats stay in the stable - with her, and when we take them out, she misses them, and moos - until they go back. Papa takes an apple to the goats, cow, and - horse nearly every morning. Sometimes when he has only one, he - gives it to the horse, for we all love that best; then you ought to - hear the old cow scold. When the weather was warm, she learned to - know that she always got an apple when she came to the library - window, so she came for one every day. When it got too cold for the - window to be raised, she stood rubbing her nose on the window - glass, and would not leave until she received her apple. One day - she came with five other cows; I think she wanted all of them to - get an apple. She would not go away until mamma threw some to a - distance, and then the procession went after them. Nelly, our - horse, eats out of our hands, and we are sure no other horse was - ever so gentle. - - We have twelve canaries. Mamma raised them all, besides a great - many others she has given away. Some are light, some dark; some - have crests, or top-knots. One of them looks as if her feathers - were "banged" like a little girl's hair, they fall so prettily over - her eyes. She flies to us to eat sugar from our fingers. There are - five females, who live together in one cage. We also have on the - place four dogs; two of them belong to us, the others to the - farmer. One of ours is a setter named Ring. He is very fond of the - farmer's dogs, especially of the puppy. A few days ago we called - him to the house. He brought all the other dogs with him. The older - ones followed him up the stairs, but the little pup did not know - what to make of the steps; he stood in the lower hall whining. Ring - went back to him, licked him on the face, ran up the steps again, - the little pup still whining. Ring went back to him several times. - At last he got out of patience; he made mamma open the door and let - the puppy out. The way he tells mamma he wants the door opened is - by biting the toes of her slippers, and he will not stop until she - lets him out. - - There is a very high hill back of our house, where we have a fine - coasting place. We have also built a snow fort, with port-holes - through which we can see our enemies coming, and pelt them with - snow-balls. - - WILLIE H. - - * * * * * - -We are much obliged to the lady who sent us this pleasant letter from an -absent niece, and we regret that the Wiggles arrived too late for -publication in YOUNG PEOPLE: - - MILAN, ITALY. - - The HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE containing the new Wiggle arrived safely, - dear Aunt L., and created quite a sensation. I think it is meant - for a monkey's head, and would have tried to make it so, but my - animals do not, as a general thing, succeed very well. I showed the - paper to Ida Borzino, and she drew a Wiggle, which I inclose; and - which she signed "Roland." I don't suppose it makes much difference - what it is signed, but I signed mine with my own initials. I hope - we will not be too late. - - The other day I came across an Italian coin, a mezzo-soldo, worth - two centimes and a half, and bearing the date of 1777. As soon as I - have an opportunity I mean to send it to Lulu for her collection, - which, I am very glad to hear, is progressing. - - Ellie says that in the HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE she noticed that one - of the correspondents writes that his cat will eat pea-nuts, and - she would like you to be told that our cat will not only eat them, - but is fonder of them than of anything else; but as they are rather - a delicacy in this part of the globe, he does not often get an - opportunity of indulging his fancy. - - The Borzinos' first party comes off to-morrow, and we are looking - forward to it very much. This year they have very few, only about - six. However, I suppose that is enough dissipation for one year. - Their parties are so nice, because they are so informal, and we all - know each other so well that we always enjoy ourselves. - - Our drawing-class has commenced its winter season. We have called - our studio the "Temple of Art," and all the members have taken the - names of celebrated Italian painters, and we have painted our cards - with our names on to put on the studio door, and we receive on - Thursday, other days being devoted to work, and not to amusement. - - JULIET L. T. - - * * * * * - - FORGE, NEW YORK. - - I have a kind friend who sends me YOUNG PEOPLE, and I take much - pleasure in reading it, and love to read the letters as well as any - part of the paper. I live among the Catskills, and have few - pastimes during the winter except coasting, and thus far this - winter we have not had much snow. - - This is a very pleasant village, and during the summer months is - crowded with boarders. If Mr. Editor or any of the young people - should come here, I would be glad to show them a very nice cat. We - call him Chub, and he will roll over when I tell him to, and knock - at the door to come in. - - I have a pet canary that is very tame. Mamma thinks my letter is - not worth your notice, but I hope you will have some room for it. I - think "Work for Little Fingers" will be a help for something new - for me to make for our country fair, which is held near us every - year. I have had the first premium on everything I have taken there - since I was five years old, and I am now ten. - - EL. LOUISE. D. - - * * * * * - - PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA. - - I am a little boy eight years old. I have one little sister named - Grace. We live in Philadelphia, and we often wish it was the - country which some of the little girls and boys write about, so - that we could have pets as they do. - - We take HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, and love the stories and letters. My - mamma don't know I am writing this letter. I want to surprise her - by showing it to her in the Post-office Box of the book. Don't you - think it would be splendid for me to have a little horse? Then I - could ride to our beautiful Park every day. My fingers are so tired - I must say good-by. - - HORACE P. F. - - * * * * * - - NEW YORK CITY. - - I am going to tell you about a little bird which my sister found - one day she was coming from a visit. It was a very snowy day, and - the snow was very deep. My sister Elvira found it in front of a - large gray house. The bird was nearly covered with snow, and Elvira - could just see its little wing, which was a little above the snow. - Elvira took it up in her arms very fondly, and put it under her - warm cloak. When she brought it home to me, I was very happy to see - the little bird safe in a home. We gave it crumbs of bread to eat. - But oh! it would not eat nor drink, and it did not look happy. - Mamma told Elvira to let the bird fly out, and it would be much - happier. As soon as it was out in the free, fresh air, it clapped - its wings together with joy, and flew to a large maple-tree. - - I took two days to make this letter. I do not know English very - beautifully, but I can speak Spanish, and read nicely. I will soon - learn English. - - ALFREDO U. - - * * * * * - - EAST BETHLEHEM, WASHINGTON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. - - I live in the country, and have taken HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE for two - or three months, and I like it ever so much, and always read the - letters in it every week. I walk a mile and a quarter to school - every morning, and back home again in the evening. We have a large - shepherd dog named Romeo. He is real playful, and he always goes - out in the fields with me to take walks; and one time when I was - out playing I found three dandelions out in bloom, on the 8th of - January, 1882, and just as bright and fresh-looking as if it were - spring. I have two dolls, named Bertha and Gertrude. I think Jimmy - Brown's stories are real funny, and I hope he will write some more - soon. - - This is the first time I have written to HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, so - please publish it, and oblige - - CORA C. W. - - * * * * * - - GOLD HILL, COLORADO. - - I am a little girl twelve years old. I live in the Rocky Mountains, - and weigh 115 pounds. I have taken HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE from the - first number, and like it very much. I began eight years ago to - save the pennies and dimes that were given me by the miners, and - bought a heifer with them, and now I have a cow, a two-year-old, - and a yearling. I call my cow Lillie, my two-year-old Minnie, and - my yearling Duke. I also have a pet cat and hen. I call the cat - Tiger, and the hen Daisy. If this letter is printed, I will write - again, and tell you about a four-footed thief who stole the fried - cakes in our cellar. - - MIRA S. - - * * * * * - -THE STORY OF A RABBIT. - - I am going to relate a true story of a boy and his rabbit. It was - on Staten Island, in the year 1879. - - I once had a middle-sized rabbit, and one day I saw a boy that I - knew passing by my house. I asked him to come and see what a nice - rabbit I had. He liked it so much that he offered me twenty-six - cents; so I sold the rabbit to him, and some bran too. The next - time that I saw him I asked him how his rabbit was, and he told me - that the very day he bought the rabbit a dog saw it, and bit its - throat so that it died instantly. - - JOSEPH FRANCIS W. - -What a shame! - - * * * * * - -We think our wee readers will like this story of two little girls who -gave up something they loved, to please their mamma. Of course they had -a reward: - -BIRDIE AND JENNIE. - - Birdie and Jennie are two sweet little children. - - Birdie has long light curls and soft hazel eyes, pale oval face, - and slender form. She is seven years old. Jennie, the little - sister, is chubby in face and form, has dark curls, and dark bright - eyes. Her cheeks are almost always red. She is five years old. - - These two little sisters are very sweet singers, and once, when - they sang to entertain company, they were presented with a pair of - white mice. - - These pets delighted the children, and for a time they enjoyed them - to their hearts' content; but mamma did not like white mice, and - longed to have them out of the house. Accordingly she talked to the - children, and urged them to let the treasures be sold. - - This was a hard request, and the little ones were reluctant to - comply. - - Mamma understood this, and to help them make the sacrifice she - promised to try to procure them something else in their place. - - Birdie and Jennie loved their mice, but they loved mamma better, - and to please her they consented to let the mice go, and tried to - do it cheerfully. - - It was on a Friday that the mice were taken away, and when Saturday - night came round, what should pop into the house but a cunning - little gray squirrel? This visitor made himself quite at home. - - The delighted children knew not how to express their joy, and - firmly believed that God sent the squirrel to them so soon, because - they had parted pleasantly with their mice. - - It was found that the squirrel belonged to a gentleman who lived - near by, and who said he was glad to be rid of the charge, and the - children were equally glad to have it. It is still living--a dear - little interesting pet. - - As Birdie and Jennie live in the city, the squirrel's coming to - them so unexpectedly was even more strange than if their home had - been in the country. - - ANNA D. W. - - * * * * * - - MASON, TEXAS. - - "Well, well, what a great thing for the children of America, and of - other countries too, is HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE!" Such was the - exclamation uppermost in my mind after spending two or three days - in reading back numbers of this gem of a paper. Yes, two or three - days, and up some nights till twelve o'clock, reading YOUNG PEOPLE, - and here I will soon be a quarter of a century old! I dropped - Carlyle, Dickens, Macaulay, and Goethe, to read this juvenile - paper, and read it not only with pleasure but _profit_. I enjoy - Jimmy Brown's letters, which are the most mirth-provoking articles - I have ever read. And here I want to give my thanks to "Jimmy" for - the many hearty laughs he has afforded me. The "Autocrat of the - Breakfast-Table" says that he "purrs very loud over a good honest - letter that says pretty things" to him; so Jimmy may "purr very - loud" now. Then, too, I like the war stories of Dr. Lossing, and - the scientific articles of Mrs. Herrick, whom I remember in - _Southern Review_ times, and the good advice of Aunt Marjorie, who - gives it so wisely and kindly. And the pictures--my! Every number - is just full of good things, like a shop window. How blest are the - boys and girls of to-day! Are we grateful, boys? are you thankful, - girls? I can hear you all say, "Yes, yes." - - I am going to get up a collection of rare curiosities from this - Western country, and when they are ready, I will mention them among - the Exchanges. I have a little friend here, Josie B., who takes - YOUNG PEOPLE, and I will invite her to help me. Mason is away out - in Western Texas, and is a little frontier town. It has a - delightful climate, and the weather Christmas week was as beautiful - as any that ever graced summer. On this January day I have had the - door open and window up, while the day without has been full of - spring. Just to show you what a charming country this is for health - and climate, I will quote from the Meteorological Report of the - United States Signal Officer of this place for the past year: "The - highest temperature during the year was on June 22, July 1, and - August 10--100° each day; the lowest temperature was on January 9, - 1881--9°; yearly range of temperature, 91°. The highest wind - occurred on September 6, blowing thirty-four miles per hour from - the southeast. The total rain-fall of the year was 22.08 inches; - the greatest monthly rain-fall was during May--5.29 inches; the - least monthly rain-fall was during June--none. The prevailing wind - was from the south. There were 195 clear days, 77 fair, and 90 - cloudy. There were only twenty days when the temperature was below - freezing, and no days when it remained below all day. There were - ninety days when the temperature was above 90°. Only one bad storm - occurred during the year, on September 30, when rain fell in - torrents for thirty minutes, flooding the town." I doubt whether - any other portion of the whole country can make a better showing in - the weather record than that. - - DAN M. - -The beginning of this sprightly letter from our Texas correspondent was -so very complimentary that we half hesitated about publishing it. Still, -it is only fair to the authors whose graceful pens are making YOUNG -PEOPLE so attractive, to let them know what a generous measure of -appreciation they are winning from some "grown-ups" as well as from a -host of little folks. So, hoping to do still better in future, we let -the world see how much one of our friends thinks of our paper, including -the Post-office Box, to which he has contributed so agreeably. - - * * * * * - -C. Y. P. R. U. - -ROBERT, A. C. F., AND OTHERS.--The common white pigeon is the offspring -of the common pigeon, which is of various colors and markings. By -selecting only the pure white birds for breeding, and rejecting those of -other colors, a strain of blood is established in course of time, so -that the birds will breed true to color. - -All taxidermists make use of white pigeons, and the demand is often -greater than the supply. They are used, when set up in various -positions, as emblems of purity and hope at church fairs, Sunday-school -festivals, and by florists. For a large handler of white pigeons, -address Taxidermist, No. 199 William Street, New York city. White -pigeons are obtainable of all dealers in fancy poultry throughout the -country. - -Dealers complain about careless packing, and state that much higher -prices might be obtained if the game, fish, animals, and birds were -taken better care of after being caught, and not over-crowded in the -boxes, so that when exposed for sale they would look clean, fresh, and -smooth, as if just caught. Some of the largest dealers in dead game are -at Washington Market, New York city. A very excellent book on breeding -and taking care of pet stock is published by Cassell, Petter, & Galpin, -No. 596 Broadway, New York city. Much interesting and valuable -information can be found in Gibson's _Camp Life in the Woods; and the -Tricks of Trapping and Trap Making_. By W. HAMILTON GIBSON, Author of -_Pastoral Days_. Illustrated by the Author. 12mo, cloth, $1. Published -by Harper & Brothers. This is a perfect manual for youthful hunters, and -contains hints on life out-doors in all its aspects. Shelter, food, -trapping, boat-building, bait, and, in fact, everything a boy needs to -know about the woods and their inhabitants, are considered in this book. - -For information about purchasing and disposing of live rabbits, -squirrels, and all cage birds, etc., etc., address Aquarium Stock, 76 -Fulton Street, New York city. - - * * * * * - -The topaz occupies some distinction among gems. The finest varieties are -found in the Brazils, Ceylon, and the Ural Mountains, either -crystallized or in small rolled masses in the alluvium of granitic -rocks, about the size of a large nut. In color they are commonly white, -bluish or yellowish white, much water-worn, and perfect crystals are -rare. The common kinds are found in many parts of the world. A crystal -nineteen ounces in weight was discovered in the Cairngorm Mountains, in -Aberdeenshire, and some have been obtained in Cornwall and Ireland. The -topaz is rendered very electric by heat and friction; and by this -property it may be readily distinguished from a diamond or ruby, for -which otherwise, when cut and set, it might easily be mistaken. - -The topaz of the ancients had a green color, and is supposed to have -been our chrysolite. It was found in the island of Topazios, in the Red -Sea. "This place," says Diodorus Siculus, "was ten miles long, and -called the Island of Serpents, from the number of reptiles formerly -infesting it. The topazion here found was a transparent gem, agreeable -in aspect, resembling glass. No one was allowed to land there under pain -of death, and no boat was allowed to be kept on the island. Provisions -for the few soldiers on guard there were brought at intervals from the -continent. The gem was not discernible by day, its lustre being then -overpowered by the sun's rays, but at night it was conspicuous by its -brightness. The guards who divided the island among their patrols then -ran up, and covered the luminous spot with a vase of equal size. Next -day they would go their rounds, cut out the patch of rock thus -indicated, and deliver it to the proper person to be polished." - - * * * * * - -We have five articles in this number to recommend to the attention of -the C. Y. P. R. U. Every little pair of hands that opens YOUNG PEOPLE, -the Postmistress hopes and fancies, has two corresponding little feet -nicely incased in woven stockings without the suspicion of a hole in -them. How did the world ever come to have woven stockings? Look at the -article on our fourth page and see. Three centuries ago William Lee's -observation of the labor performed by four knitting-needles in the hands -of his patient, hard-working wife resulted in the invention of the -stocking-loom. There is no use in telling the boys to read the rest of -Mr. Payn's story. We know they have been waiting breathlessly for a week -to find out what became of Philip Ashton. They are going to take a great -interest, too, in the boy hero of the great floods, "Dad" Little. After -these good things have been read and digested, we want them to pay -particular attention to "Something about Sonatas," by Mrs. John Lillie, -and see how much it will help them in the study and appreciation of -music. - - * * * * * - -YOUNG PEOPLE'S COT. - -Contributions received for Young People's Cot, in Holy Innocent's Ward, -St. Mary's Free Hospital for Children, 407 West Thirty-fourth Street: - -Lizzie Champion, Warrenville, 25c.; Amelia Frink, Marshall, Mich., 25c.; -Dudley A. Williams, Hackensack, N. J., 50c.; John Wilson, Still Pond, -Md., 25c.; Lizzie Treadway, Cleveland, Ohio, 50c.; H. L. Ireland, -Coventryville, N. Y., 50c.; Louie Bryant, Schuyler, Neb., 25c.; Eric -Holt, New York, $1; Lillie Bahten, Piute Mountain, Cal., $1; Fannie K. -Sowall, San Antonio, Texas, 50c.; A. N. P., 25c.; Raymond Buck, 152d -St., N. Y., $1; Madge Vail, Sag Harbor, L. I., 50c.; Marshall and Harold -Wawick, Plainwell, Mich., 30c.; Louis A., Howard B., and Baby Boy, -Madison, N. J., 30c.; Bertie and Rex Dalmolen, Verona, Italy, $2: -Florence and Frankie Ward, New York, $1; Willie S., Elizabeth, N. J., -$1; total, $11.35. Previously acknowledged, $246.69; grand-total, -$258.04. - - E. AUGUSTA FANSHAWE, Treasurer, 43 New St. - _February 15_. - -Can our little folks do no better than this for Young People's Cot? The -sum needed to endow the cot is $3000. There are many little suffering -children who need to be cared for in St. Mary's Free Hospital. The -subscription, you see, is growing very, very slowly. We wonder whether -some of you will not try to send an Easter offering to be reported in -this list? Could not you have a little box in the sitting-room or -nursery, and drop your pennies in it from time to time? You see, dears, -we must raise almost fifteen times what we now have before we shall -really have Young People's Cot, in St. Mary's Hospital. - - * * * * * - -PUZZLES FROM YOUNG CONTRIBUTORS. - -No. 1. - -TWO DROP-LETTER PUZZLES. - -1. --t-- --n--l-- -- --n--t-- --t-- --o--s-- --b-- --y-- -- --d. - -2. -- --n-- --a-- --s--a--e-- -- --h-- --o-- --. - - NELL. - - * * * * * - -No. 2. - -GEOGRAPHICAL PUZZLE. - -One morning I was awakened by the (county of Illinois) telling me that -my cousin (a river of Virginia) was waiting for me at the gate. I rose, -dressed, went out, and met my cousin with a (city of Arkansas) in his -hand, which he was about to hurl at what he thought was a (lake in North -America). Just as he threw it I saw Mr. (a city in Indiana) with a -(river in Dakota) gun. The (lake in North America) turned out to be a -(river in Dakota) cow. After this adventure we went to our homes, which -are on (a celebrated philosopher) street, in (a small town of Illinois). - - L. WHITLOCK. - - * * * * * - -No. 3. - -A CONCEALED WORD SQUARE. - -We were striving to believe Robert when he said the Muse refused to hold -forth her sceptre every time. - - WILLIAM A. LEWIS. - - * * * * * - -No. 4. - -A RIDDLE. - - In height and depth, in heaven and hell, - In ocean, and in earth I dwell; - The first of each, and the last of one, - And yet I can be found in none. - Though evil with me must begin, - I am in error, and not in sin. - The first in enterprise to lead, - I never fail in strength and speed. - Yet always found in bed and weak, - I can not stand alone. I speak - The end at once of peace and strife, - Am present both in death and life. - My common help to foe and friend - In silence and in speech I lend, - And still an equal place I have - In both the cradle and the grave. - In short, where time is I must be, - And space will terminate with me. - - INDIE. - - * * * * * - -ANSWERS TO PUZZLES IN No. 120. - -No. 1. - - T - C O B - P A L E D - C A T E R E R - T O L E R A T E D - B E R A T E S - D E T E R - R E S - D - -No. 2. - -Powder. - -No. 3. - - B uyin G - R obbe R - I ndig O - D omin O - E stee M - -No. 4. - - P A R I S - A S I D E - R I F L E - I D L E R - S E E R S - -No. 5. - - F O R B E A R - O R I E N T - R I G I D - B E I N - E N D - A T - R - - * * * * * - -Correct answers to puzzles have been received from George and Bud, W. B. -Gordon, Ella Chirney, Kittie Lewis, Willie Volckhausen, Cliff Woodruff, -William Lewis, Milton D. Close, Edwin S. Hippey, Laura G., Harry W. -Davis, Blanche P. Heywood, L. E. Williams, Agnes G. Fletcher, John C. -Myers, "_Alma_," A. H. Nevins, _Hattie Lehman_, Alice O. Quackenbos, -_Charles B. Semple_, Mamie Cunningham, Annie I. Brown, G. W., Malcolm -Gates, Alfred G. Dale, Ernest R. Smith, Fred Niver, C. Alexina -Delafolie, Giles Dow, Carrie W. Rappold, "Askelon," _Laura Gibbs_, Henry -Berlan, Jun., and "Lady Clare." - - * * * * * - -[_For Exchanges, see, 2d and 3d pages of cover._] - - - - -[Illustration: "WE AIN'T AFRAID, 'CAUSE WE CAN SWIM."] - - - - -BOUQUETAIRE--A NEW GAME. - -BY G. B. BARTLETT. - - -This new and interesting game requires a little preparation, which forms -part of the fun. It is either made up of contributions from all the -players, each of whom brings three presents, or all the gifts are -furnished by the lady of the house. These gifts should consist of a -great variety of useful, ornamental, graceful, and funny articles, such -as toys, fans, dolls of small size, boxes of candy of odd shapes, books, -small articles of jewelry, china, and bric-a-brac. - -The smaller articles should be inclosed in boxes, or many wraps of -paper, so that all may be nearly alike in size. They are all done up -separately, each in a floral envelope, and are tastefully arranged in an -open flat box or basket, which, when full, presents the appearance of a -pyramid of flowers. - -[Illustration: FIG. 1.] - -[Illustration: FIG. 2.] - -[Illustration: FIG. 3.] - -[Illustration: FIG. 4.] - -Great taste may be displayed in making these petals, as the envelopes -are called, for which these simple directions may be followed, with such -variations as practice may suggest: Take a dozen sheets of tissue-paper, -comprising as many colors as possible, fold them together in the middle, -fold in each corner in the shape of a pyramid (see Fig. 1); then double -it twice (see Figs. 2 and 3); cut a piece out of the top of this in the -shape of the letter V (see Fig. 4), and crimp up each sheet in the hand -as fine as possible. Mix up these colors according to taste, as the -petals may be of several shades or all of one color. Place the presents -inside of these papers, and twist them twice around, and spread the -petals in various ways. - -A very little practice will enable children to make successful -imitations of gay flowers. The number of these gifts depends upon the -number of players, and there should be at least three times as many -presents as persons. For each gift there should be one white and one red -card, the latter being distributed equally among the players, and the -former placed in a box on the table. The white cards are then -distributed among the players equally. Each one writes one question on -each, or some quotation which refers in some way to a plant, vegetable, -tree, or flower, the name of which is at the same time written on the -red card. The lines on the white card may be botanical, humorous, or -sentimental, and, if possible, should end in rhyme with the name on the -red card; and to prevent mistakes, a number is affixed to the white and -red cards in case there should happen to be two rhyming, one only being -the correct answer. The red cards are then shaken up in a hat, and each -player takes out his proportion. - -The white cards are then piled one on another, so that only the upper -one is visible, and a player is selected to read them. All listen to the -reading, each intent to see if he has the correct answer on his card, -and if so, he is entitled to the present, which is selected at random by -a little girl, who takes it from the pyramid, and holds it above her -head during the reading, and carries it to the successful one when -directed by the reader. - -If any player gives the wrong answer, he is obliged to give up all his -presents already taken to the one who holds the correct one, which is -determined by the number in case of doubt. - -No one, therefore, is allowed to open the gift until the reading is -over. - -If played at a club or sociable, it is well to have a ring or some -valuable gift, the penalty of finding which is that its lucky owner -shall be compelled to give the next party, and prepare the presents. - -A few specimens are given of the rhymes, which are wholly impromptu, and -of the simplest kind, such as can be written in a minute by young -people: - - Sweet and lovely, blushing cause - Of the cruelest of wars; - In spite of thorns, no flower that grows - Excels the fair and fragrant [rose]. - - In purity and peace I climb - From dankest depths of mud and slime, - To show that it is always silly - From whence it comes to judge a [lily]. - - My first is Hansom, next is old. - My whole is good when boiled or cold. - To solve this you must be a Babbage, - And your head must not be a [cabbage]. - -If preferred, in order to give variety, the botanical classification or -description may be given, either in prose or verse, or any curious fact -or habit of the plant. - - * * * * * - -A CAMEL-RACE. - -A strange race took place not long ago in Australia. A troop of eighteen -camels, laden with merchandise, arrived at Thargomindah. Some of the -enterprising townsmen arranged for a race between five of the fleetest -of the "ships of the desert." It cost a great deal of trouble to get an -even start, but it was finally done. The camel ridden by a man named -Bond made all the running, and won in "a canter." One of the "ships" is -reported to have lain down at the back of the course, and "his steering -gear getting out of order," he could not be piloted straight afterward. - - - - -[Illustration: INGENIOUS BUT AWE-INSPIRING DEVICE OF THE BOYS TO MAKE -THE HEAD OF THEIR SNOW MAN NOD, WHICH ALMOST DROVE BRIDGET INTO A FIT.] - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, March 7, 1882, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, MARCH 7, 1882 *** - -***** This file should be named 54625-8.txt or 54625-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/4/6/2/54625/ - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, -set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to -copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to -protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project -Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you -charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you -do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the -rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose -such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and -research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do -practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is -subject to the trademark license, especially commercial -redistribution. - - - -*** START: FULL LICENSE *** - -THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE -PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK - -To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free -distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work -(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project -Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at -http://gutenberg.org/license). - - -Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works - -1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to -and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property -(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all -the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy -all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. -If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the -terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or -entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. - -1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be -used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who -agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few -things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See -paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement -and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. See paragraph 1.E below. - -1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" -or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the -collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an -individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are -located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from -copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative -works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg -are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project -Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by -freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of -this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with -the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by -keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project -Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. - -1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern -what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in -a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check -the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement -before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or -creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project -Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning -the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United -States. - -1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: - -1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate -access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently -whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the -phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project -Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, -copied or distributed: - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - -1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived -from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is -posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied -and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees -or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work -with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the -work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 -through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the -Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or -1.E.9. - -1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted -with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution -must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional -terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked -to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the -permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. - -1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this -work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. - -1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this -electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without -prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with -active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project -Gutenberg-tm License. - -1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, -compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any -word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or -distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than -"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version -posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), -you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a -copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon -request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other -form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. - -1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, -performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works -unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing -access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided -that - -- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from - the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method - you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is - owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he - has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the - Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments - must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you - prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax - returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and - sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the - address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to - the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." - -- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies - you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he - does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm - License. You must require such a user to return or - destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium - and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of - Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any - money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the - electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days - of receipt of the work. - -- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free - distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set -forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from -both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael -Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the -Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. - -1.F. - -1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable -effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread -public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm -collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain -"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or -corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual -property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a -computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by -your equipment. - -1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right -of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project -Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all -liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal -fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT -LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE -PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE -TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE -LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR -INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH -DAMAGE. - -1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a -defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can -receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a -written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you -received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with -your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with -the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a -refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity -providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to -receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy -is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further -opportunities to fix the problem. - -1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth -in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER -WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO -WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. - -1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied -warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. -If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the -law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be -interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by -the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any -provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. - -1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the -trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone -providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance -with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, -promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, -harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, -that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do -or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm -work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any -Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. - - -Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm - -Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of -electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers -including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists -because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from -people in all walks of life. - -Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the -assistance they need, are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's -goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will -remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure -and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. -To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation -and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 -and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org. - - -Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive -Foundation - -The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit -501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the -state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal -Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification -number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at -http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent -permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. - -The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. -Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered -throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at -809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email -business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact -information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official -page at http://pglaf.org - -For additional contact information: - Dr. Gregory B. Newby - Chief Executive and Director - gbnewby@pglaf.org - - -Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation - -Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide -spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of -increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be -freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest -array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations -($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt -status with the IRS. - -The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating -charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United -States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a -considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up -with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations -where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To -SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any -particular state visit http://pglaf.org - -While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we -have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition -against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who -approach us with offers to donate. - -International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make -any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from -outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. - -Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation -methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other -ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. -To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate - - -Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. - -Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm -concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared -with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project -Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. - - -Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed -editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. -unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily -keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. - - -Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: - - http://www.gutenberg.org - -This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/old/54625-8.zip b/old/54625-8.zip Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index c0fa075..0000000 --- a/old/54625-8.zip +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h.zip b/old/54625-h.zip Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 63bf52f..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h.zip +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/54625-h.htm b/old/54625-h/54625-h.htm deleted file mode 100644 index 607d6b9..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/54625-h.htm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2917 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" - "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> -<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> - <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> - <title> - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Harper's Young People, March 7, 1882, by Various. - </title> - <style type="text/css"> - -body { - margin-left: 10%; - margin-right: 10%; -} - - h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 { - text-align: center; /* all headings centered */ - clear: both; -} - -p { - margin-top: .51em; - text-align: justify; - margin-bottom: .49em; -} - -.p2 {margin-top: 2em;} -.p4 {margin-top: 4em;} -.p6 {margin-top: 6em;} - -hr { - width: 33%; - margin-top: 2em; - margin-bottom: 2em; - margin-left: auto; - margin-right: auto; - clear: both; -} - -hr.tb {width: 45%;} -hr.chap {width: 65%} -hr.full {width: 95%;} - -table { - margin-left: auto; - margin-right: auto; -} - -.pagenum { /* uncomment the next line for invisible page numbers */ - /* visibility: hidden; */ - position: absolute; - left: 92%; - font-size: smaller; - text-align: right; -} /* page numbers */ - -.blockquot { - margin-left: 5%; - margin-right: 10%; -} - -.center {text-align: center;} - -.right {text-align: right;} - -.smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} - -.caption {font-weight: bold;} - -/* Images */ -.figcenter { - margin: auto; - text-align: center; -} - -.figleft { - float: left; - clear: left; - margin-left: 0; - margin-bottom: 1em; - margin-top: 1em; - margin-right: 1em; - padding: 0; - text-align: center; -} - -.figright { - float: right; - clear: right; - margin-left: 1em; - margin-bottom: - 1em; - margin-top: 1em; - margin-right: 0; - padding: 0; - text-align: center; -} - -/* Footnotes */ -.footnotes {border: dashed 1px;} - -.footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} - -.fnanchor { - vertical-align: super; - font-size: .8em; - text-decoration: - none; -} - - </style> - </head> -<body> - - -<pre> - -Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, March 7, 1882, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Harper's Young People, March 7, 1882 - An Illustrated Weekly - -Author: Various - -Release Date: April 29, 2017 [EBook #54625] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, MARCH 7, 1882 *** - - - - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - - - - - -</pre> - - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#FATHER_TIMES_DILEMMA">FATHER TIME'S DILEMMA.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#MY_BEAR_HUNT">MY BEAR HUNT.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#HANSCHEN_VON_MONKGUT">HÄNSCHEN VON MÖNKGUT.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_INVENTION_OF_THE_STOCKING-LOOM">THE INVENTION OF THE STOCKING-LOOM.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_TALKING_LEAVES">THE TALKING LEAVES.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#INCIDENTS_OF_THE_GREAT_FLOOD">INCIDENTS OF THE GREAT FLOOD.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#PERIL_AND_PRIVATION">PERIL AND PRIVATION.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#SOMETHING_ABOUT_SONATAS">SOMETHING ABOUT SONATAS.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_LAST_OF_THE_ICE">THE LAST OF THE ICE.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_CANDY_PULL">THE CANDY PULL.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#OUR_POST-OFFICE_BOX">OUR POST-OFFICE BOX.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#BOUQUETAIRE_A_NEW_GAME">BOUQUETAIRE—A NEW GAME.</a></td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_289" id="Page_289">[Pg 289]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 800px;"> -<img src="images/ill_001.jpg" width="800" height="313" alt="HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE" /> -</div> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">vol. iii.—no</span>. 123.</td><td align="center"><span class="smcap">Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York</span>.</td><td align="right"><span class="smcap">price four cents</span>.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Tuesday, March 7, 1882.</td><td align="center">Copyright, 1882, by <span class="smcap">Harper & Brothers</span>.</td><td align="right">$1.50 per Year, in Advance.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"><a name="FATHER_TIMES_DILEMMA" id="FATHER_TIMES_DILEMMA"></a> -<img src="images/ill_002.jpg" width="700" height="552" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">"I DON'T BELIEVE THE PEOPLE OF THE EARTH WOULD HAVE DARED TO TREAT YOU AS THEY HAVE TREATED US."</span> -</div> - -<h2>FATHER TIME'S DILEMMA.</h2> - -<h3>BY RAJA.</h3> - -<p>There was a commotion in the moon. Father Time had the rheumatism in -both legs, and could not move from his seat by the fire-place. This was -a horrible state of affairs. For thousands upon thousands of -years—nobody knows how many—he had never failed to make his visit to -the earth, and now he was helpless; and what would be the result of a -day's neglect of duty? Perhaps the world would come to an end; for with -the end of Time, what else could be expected? At all events, his -reputation would be ruined, and the bare idea made him writhe and groan.</p> - -<p>"My dear, pray be more careful," said his wife, anxiously. "If you toss -your arms about in that reckless<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_290" id="Page_290">[Pg 290]</a></span> fashion, you will certainly do some -mischief. I have picked up your scythe seven times, and your hour-glass -was just on the point of tumbling from the table."</p> - -<p>"Let it tumble," growled Father Time, crossly. "If my reputation goes, -what do I care for the hour-glass? Aïe! aïe! where do you suppose I took -this rheumatism? Never dreamed that I could have it at my age, after all -the draughts that I've been exposed to. It must have been that dreadful -eclipse that made the air so chilly."</p> - -<p>At this there went up such a howl from the Moon that all the inhabitants -of Venus, which happened to be in the neighborhood, thought there was a -thunder-storm. Father Time's billions and trillions of children had just -come quietly into his room to ask how he felt, and when they heard their -usually gentle parent express himself in such impatient tones they -thought he must certainly be delirious, and wept aloud in anguish. He -was rather ashamed of his burst of passion when he saw how they took it -to heart, and hung his head for a while, upon which his wife tried to -comfort him.</p> - -<p>"It's almost time for Sol to go to earth, and how can he if I'm not with -him? I shall go crazy if this state of things continues."</p> - -<p>"Papa," cried two billion of his children, "why could not we take your -place for to-day?"</p> - -<p>"Oh yes," echoed all the rest; "we do so long to be useful!"</p> - -<p>A gleam of hope lighted their father's gloomy face, but he looked a bit -doubtful. "Are you sure that you know what to do and where to go? You -have not my power of ubiquity; that is to say, you can not be everywhere -at once as I am."</p> - -<p>"But there are more than enough of us to go around," answered the -children. "Each one of us will spend the day by the side of some mortal, -and we are sure you will not be missed. As for old Sol, it will be easy -enough to explain your absence to him. It is all his fault for letting -himself be eclipsed."</p> - -<p>"Very well, then, my dear children; go, and success attend you. Do not -forget our family motto." He stretched out both his arms in blessing, -and solemnly pronounced the words "Tempus fugit."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>Earth's daylight had fled, and all its inhabitants were soundly -sleeping. Father Time's children trooped back into his room, and a more -dejected multitude was never seen before. With very few exceptions, they -were all pale and tired and forlorn. He looked at them for a moment, and -then a sly twinkle crept into his eyes as he said:</p> - -<p>"What is the matter, children? Haven't you enjoyed your day on the -earth?"</p> - -<p>They raised their heads to groan an emphatic "No," and wearily let them -drop again.</p> - -<p>"Why, you have envied me my daily trip there for ages"—they gave a sigh -in unison—"and never would believe me when I said it had its -drawbacks."</p> - -<p>They looked too crushed to answer, but finally one of them said, "I -don't believe the people of earth would have dared to treat you as they -treated us."</p> - -<p>Father Time leaned back in his chair and laughed aloud. "Let me hear -what they have done to you," he said. "You begin," nodding to the child -who sat nearest to him, an attenuated little creature with hollow -cheeks. She raised her head, and began, in a feeble voice:</p> - -<p>"I am so weak that I can hardly speak, for I have had the most dreadful -day that can be imagined. I took my place by a nice-appearing little -boy, whose mischievous look and dancing eyes attracted me to him at -once. At first I got on very well; he seemed to take a fancy to me. But -after a while he grew careless, dropped his books, yawned and stretched. -Then he began to get into mischief, and did more naughty things in the -course of an hour than I imagined could be done in a day; and so matters -went on from bad to worse. I felt myself wasting away, but he never once -thought of me, never gave me another bit of attention, and I thought I -should not live to get home. Finally, when his mamma came in, and wanted -to know what he had been doing, the naughty child threw all the blame of -his neglected duties on me; said that I was a 'hateful Time to go so -fast,' and called me a hundred other unjust names. I am so tired!—so -tired!"</p> - -<p>Father Time smiled pityingly, and stroked his poor child's head.</p> - -<p>"You have been terribly wasted, my dear; I know how unpleasant that is. -But never fear; a good sleep will quite restore you.—What have you to -say, my son?" to the next child.</p> - -<p>"Look at me," moaned the one questioned. "I am one mass of bruises from -head to foot. I can hardly walk. I was never so treated in my life."</p> - -<p>"What has happened to you?"</p> - -<p>"I went into the house of a child who seemed very fond of study, and -whom I thought would be very pleasant company. Stupid little -thing!"—with a burst of rage—"she began to practice her music, and -that moment I felt a sharp pain; she set to work beating me with all her -might and main, great irregular thumps, now on my head, now on my -shoulders, until I thought I must scream. I did groan and moan; it was -all of no use, for she went on, as it seemed to me, forever. By-and-by -her teacher came in, and that was better, for although he beat me, it -was in an entirely different way, that did not hurt at all. It was as if -he were caressing me. But the little vixen, belabored me again, and I am -all black and blue."</p> - -<p>"Never mind, poor boy," said Father Time. "You will be all right -to-morrow; but I have had enough of such beatings to sympathize with you -fully."</p> - -<p>"They have neither of them suffered as much as I," remarked a third -young Time, in a pathetic, subdued voice, "for they at least were abused -in an open sort of way; but I have been mortified beyond conception. -Shortly after my arrival in the world I entered the house of a -respectable middle-aged woman: you know I have always been fond of -associating with my elders, and I thought that I should be likely to -learn something from her which might be of use to me."</p> - -<p>"Quite right, my child," said Father Time, nodding his approval.</p> - -<p>"But there never was a greater mistake," continued his son. "From -morning until night that same respectable middle-aged lady has done -nothing but attempt to hide me, as if I were something to be ashamed of; -I, a scion of the oldest house in existence; I, a Time with a pedigree -which goes farther back than Adam, though it consists of only one -generation besides my own." (He said this with such pride that the -trillions of dejected Times for one second really straightened -themselves with family feeling.) "The first thing that she did was to -cover my face with the most disgusting paint and powder that were ever -invented, sighing all the time about wrinkles, crow's-feet, and the -ravages of time. Then she put on some untidy mess of hair all over my -forehead, and into my very eyes, after which she dressed me in a style -which made me blush under the paint. Such furbelows! such gew-gaws! Then -followed visits and conversations. She giggled; she simpered; she talked -to me and of me as if I were a babe in arms; why, she talked like Mother -Goose herself, and Father Gander, and the whole family of geese," -indignantly. "I declare it made my blood boil."</p> - -<p>Father Time looked grave. "I know thousands of such women," he said, -"who are ashamed of their acquaintance with us. Very foolish of them, -since they can not possibly cut us, and since, if they only knew it, -there is no alliance in the world more highly respectable. Cheer up, my -dear. You have nothing to be ashamed of.—And<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_291" id="Page_291">[Pg 291]</a></span> now tell me your -experience," to a fourth young Time, who was holding his head with both -hands, and groaning in agony.</p> - -<p>"I am tired almost to death, if a Time could die," was the reply. "I -have been with a poet."</p> - -<p>"Good things in their way," remarked his father.</p> - -<p>"But this one wasn't a good one, though he thought himself so. And the -worst of it all was that he insisted upon writing an ode to Time. Before -the day was over I almost wished that you, my dear father, had never -existed."</p> - -<p>"I know the man you mean," said Father Time, gravely; "he lives in every -town on the globe, and is the greatest time-waster on record. You look -thin with the fatigue.—Why, why, what is this?"</p> - -<p>A beautiful child stepped up before Father Time, and smiled in answer to -his exclamation.</p> - -<p>"Don't you know me, papa?"</p> - -<p>"Are you—is it possible—can you be one of my children? What has -happened to make you so lovely?"</p> - -<p>"I have been improved," was the answer. "I have never had a happier day -in all my life."</p> - -<p>Her brothers and sisters looked up in amazement.</p> - -<p>"Yes, I think I am the only one of us all who has been fortunate to-day. -I went into the house of the dearest child in all the world. Why, the -first thing that she did was to kiss and pet me, and say, 'Dear Time, -let us see how we can help each other to-day.' From the moment I came -until the moment I left she never faltered. In the first place, she -studied her lessons with great diligence—"</p> - -<p>"Ah!" said Father Time, "that is what makes your eyes shine so -brightly."</p> - -<p>"Then she played with some little friends, and was always sweet and -gentle with them. She talked so cheerfully and lovingly—"</p> - -<p>"That is what gives your lips that lovely smile," said Father Time -again.</p> - -<p>"She helped them in various little ways; picked up one when she fell, -fetched some toys to amuse another—did all she could to make them -happy. And when I left her this evening, she was as much improved as I. -Do you wonder that I have had a happy day?"</p> - -<p>"No, indeed," replied Father Time, while his children cried, in chorus,</p> - -<p>"Oh, I wish there had been more like her!"</p> - -<p>"Well," said the father, "now go to bed, you poor unfortunate creatures, -and sleep off your woes. My rheumatism has disappeared, and I shall be -able to go to earth myself to-morrow. Repeat our motto once more."</p> - -<p>With one voice the trillions of children replied: "Tempus Fugit. -Good-night."</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="MY_BEAR_HUNT" id="MY_BEAR_HUNT">MY BEAR HUNT.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY ALLAN FORMAN.</h3> - -<p>It wasn't a regular bear hunt; that is, I didn't do nearly as much -hunting as the bear did. I did not start out intending to hunt. He did. -I went to get the butter, when— But I am getting ahead of my story. It -was when I was about thirteen years old that my father took my brother -and myself camping with him in the Adirondacks. We pitched our tent at -the head of Little Tupper Lake. There was a spring of fine cold water -not far back in the woods. So, after making our beds out of pine boughs, -building a fire, and setting up the table, we went down to the spring, -and put our butter—which was in a tin pail fitted with a water-tight -cover—in it to keep cool.</p> - -<p>All went well for the first few days. Father and brother Will (who was -fifteen) shot a deer, so that we had plenty of venison. The guide caught -a quantity of trout, and we were enjoying ourselves so thoroughly that -we began to dread the time when we should have to return home.</p> - -<p>"Can't we stay longer than two weeks?" I asked father one morning.</p> - -<p>"We'll stay until the butter gives out," he replied, laughing.</p> - -<p>The nearest place to get butter was twenty miles away, and as it was -disappearing rapidly, owing to the appetites of growing boys, father had -already warned us of the necessity of economy in that direction. We -were, after that, very sparing in our use of butter, and it seemed, to -bid fair to last longer than the promised two weeks. As the guide was -preparing supper one evening, father said, "Will, I wish that you would -go down to the spring and get some water; and, Charlie, you go too, and -bring up some butter." It was a simple request, but thereby hangs the -tale of my first and only bear hunt.</p> - -<p>We started off, and soon came to the spring. The path led around it into -a thicket of huckleberry bushes. Will proposed that we should pick some -for supper. We plunged into the thicket, and soon were busy picking the -delicious fruit. We had not been occupied in this manner very long when -we heard a crashing in the bushes near the spring, and as we looked -back, we saw a great black bear. He was not fifty feet away from us, and -was gazing into the spring with a complacent air.</p> - -<p>"He's looking at himself," said Will.</p> - -<p>"See him grin," I replied, divided between fear and curiosity.</p> - -<p>"Thinks he's handsome," whispered Will.</p> - -<p>Bruin looked over in our direction with an annoyed expression, and we -decided to suspend our remarks as to his personal appearance until some -more convenient time—when he was further away, in fact. He continued to -peer intently into the spring, and we were beginning to get impatient, -when, to our horror, he slowly extended his paw, and without much -trouble fished up our butter pail. He calmly seated himself on the -ground, and taking the pail between his hind-paws, regarded it -reflectively for a few moments. He seemed lost in thought. Then he -smiled blandly, and slowly passed one of his strong fore-claws around -the rim of the pail. He repeated the operation, while Will and I looked -on in despair.</p> - -<p>"Maybe he can't get the top off," whispered Will.</p> - -<p>He had hardly spoken, when, with a slight rattle, the cover fell to the -ground. Will groaned. The bear paused, looked puzzled, smelled the -butter suspiciously, and sat looking at it with the air of a scientific -investigator.</p> - -<p>"He thinks that it is oleomargarine," whispered Will.</p> - -<p>But no. If Bruin did for a moment doubt the integrity of our butter, his -doubts had vanished; for with one sweep of his great tongue he -transferred about two pounds of it into his mouth. Will groaned. Bruin -paused, and to our excited imaginations looked in our direction, as if -he would have liked some boy to eat with his butter.</p> - -<p>We remained perfectly quiet while he finished the contents of the pail. -He licked out the last particle, and then carefully turned the pail over -and licked off the bottom and sides. After he had satisfied himself that -there was no more, he rose and looked into the spring. He seemed -discontented for a moment, but the recollection of his supper brightened -him up, and casting a loving glance at the empty pail, he trotted off, -"the best greased b'ar in the north woods," as our guide afterward -remarked.</p> - -<p>When he had gone a safe distance, Will and I sadly picked up the pail -and walked back to camp. Father was getting uneasy, and had started to -meet us. When we told him our adventure, he ran back to camp, and -getting the guide, dogs, and his rifle, started in pursuit of the thief.</p> - -<p>A little later we heard a shot, and before long father returned, -bringing the bear's skin, and some choice pieces of his flesh for -supper. Lack of butter compelled us to break up camp next day, and -notwithstanding the beautiful bear-skin rug Will and I have in our room, -we never quite forgave the thief who stole our butter.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_292" id="Page_292">[Pg 292]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 315px;"><a name="HANSCHEN_VON_MONKGUT" id="HANSCHEN_VON_MONKGUT"></a> -<img src="images/ill_003.jpg" width="315" height="400" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h2>HÄNSCHEN VON MÖNKGUT.</h2> - -<p>Translated into English, the name of this bright-faced fisher-boy is -"Little Jack." Mönkgut is a barren peninsula forming the southeastern -extremity of Rügen, an island off the coast of Prussia, in the Baltic -Sea.</p> - -<p>The Mönkgutes, as the inhabitants of the wild and comfortless strip of -land call themselves, are distinguished by many original traits in -dress, customs, and language. They are a peculiar race, opposing -anything new that comes to them from the outside world, and clinging -stubbornly to the ways and manners of their ancestors.</p> - -<p>Yet these people have kind hearts, and many of the boys and girls who -lead constrained lives in our great cities might well envy the freedom -and fun enjoyed by Little Jack as he roams up and down the shore, -gathering shells, and playing hide-and-seek with the snow-capped waves.</p> - -<p>One of these days, when he grows up, he will without doubt be a sailor -or a fisherman, as all his forefathers have been. Even now he is all -equipped, with his home-spun vest and wide hat tied so closely under his -chin. Presently he will be permitted to help his father with an oar, and -then the time will come when he himself will command some brave boat as -it rides out over the billows.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="THE_INVENTION_OF_THE_STOCKING-LOOM" id="THE_INVENTION_OF_THE_STOCKING-LOOM">THE INVENTION OF THE STOCKING-LOOM.</a></h2> - -<p>Nearly two hundred years ago, when Queen Elizabeth was seated on the -throne of England, there lived in the quiet little village of -Woodborough, in Nottinghamshire, a modest, earnest, thoughtful boy -called William Lee. So great was his love for study and for reading of -almost any kind that, after finishing school, his parents sent him to -Cambridge.</p> - -<p>One day, while out for a walk, William saw a young girl sitting at a -cottage door knitting a stocking. Very soon he made her acquaintance, -and during the visits he paid her he would read aloud while she plied -her knitting-needles. When tired of reading, William frequently -suggested a ramble in the fields, but Nellie nearly always refused, -giving as her reason that her work must be attended to, and that she -dare not lay it aside for pleasure. Of course her lover admired her -industry, but he could not help wondering if some means could not be -discovered by which stockings might be made more quickly.</p> - -<p>In time William became a clergyman, and he married Nellie. But his -income was very small, and they had to save in every possible way. -Nellie saw with pain the care-worn look on his brow; she knew too well -why it had settled there. At length a happy thought flashed across her -mind—she would send for her knitting-needles, and begin her -stocking-knitting again. She knew there would be no difficulty in -selling any number of stockings she might make. Her needles moved so -quickly that before long the amount of work completed was sufficient to -offer for sale.</p> - -<p>As William sat watching his wife's needles, he carefully observed how -the loops were made, and how the same thread travelled round and round -the stocking, forming a new loop every time it passed through an old -one. As he watched Nellie's fingers, the idea gradually dawned upon him -how a machine might be invented to do the work instead; and after much -planning he succeeded in making the small model of a knitting-frame. -Delighted with his success, he went to London, where, after much -difficulty, he gained access to Lord Hunsdon, one of the Queen's -ministers, who informed Queen Elizabeth that a poor parson he knew had a -wonderful machine for making stockings, which he wanted her Majesty to -inspect. The Queen refused the patent because the machine only made -woollen stockings.</p> - -<p>William was very much disappointed, but he resolved nevertheless to -carry out his plans. For seven or eight years he patiently worked away, -improving his machine, until at length he completed a frame delicate -enough for silk work. With this he made a pair of silk stockings, which -he forthwith forwarded to the Queen. Elizabeth praised their beauty and -elasticity, but gave him nothing for them.</p> - -<p>As the time passed on, William's expenses increased, and although he had -made considerable money, it had been necessary to spend so much on his -machines that very little profit remained. The sale, too, of the woven -stockings was hindered by popular prejudice, and, added to all this, his -friend at court was dead.</p> - -<p>At this crisis, Lee's stocking-loom, which was being discussed far and -wide, became an object of interest to Henry IV. of France, who sent -William an invitation to remove to that country. Thither the inventor -went, hoping great things from royal patronage, and taking with him a -few workmen, set up his machinery at Rouen. For a short time he carried -on a brisk, thriving trade, and began to indulge the belief that his -last days would be his brightest, when suddenly his hopes were crushed -by the assassination of Henry by Ravaillac. This sad event put an end to -the success of William. The French people regarded him with suspicion -both as a Protestant and as an Englishman, and after wandering about -from place to place, he died, broken-hearted and almost starving, in -Paris.</p> - -<p>To-day, machine-made stockings are worn by the people of all civilized -countries, and thousands upon thousands of dollars are made by their -manufacture.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_293" id="Page_293">[Pg 293]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_004.jpg" width="500" height="239" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">AT ODDS.</span> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="THE_TALKING_LEAVES" id="THE_TALKING_LEAVES"></a>THE TALKING LEAVES.<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a></h2> - -<h4>An Indian Story.</h4> - -<h3>BY WILLIAM O. STODDARD.</h3> - -<h3><span class="smcap">Chapter XXII</span>.</h3> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 93px;"> -<img src="images/ill_005.jpg" width="93" height="150" alt="Drop Cap O" /> -</div> - -<p>nly a few of the Apache braves went across the river. Many Bears did not -go, and those who did came back almost immediately. Murray soon saw very -clearly that nothing more could be done in behalf of peace.</p> - -<p>"Send Warning come with braves?" inquired Many Bears, when at last his -whole force was gathered, impatient to be led away.</p> - -<p>"No; we two will stay and help take care of camp. Pale-faces make big -peace with Lipans not long ago. Bad for us to strike them."</p> - -<p>The chief could understand that. An Indian of any tribe is held to be -bound by the treaties made by his people. Murray did not lose anything, -therefore, in the good opinion of his new friends by refusing to -accompany them. The only reply of Many Bears was:</p> - -<p>"Ugh! Good. Stay with camp. Lodge ready. Lipans never get near camp. All -safe."</p> - -<p>Many Bears was thinking of Murray's assertion that his enemies would -surely come to attack him, and he did not intend to let them get by him -in the dark. They came pretty near it, though, widely as the Apaches -spread themselves, and keenly as they kept up their look-out. -To-la-go-to-de's grand "circuit" would have succeeded, and he would have -dashed in upon the unprotected camp, if it had not been for a mere dwarf -of a young brave who had stolen that opportunity to go on his "first -war-path." He had done so without permission from his elders, and so -kept well away from them for fear some old warrior or chief might send -him back to camp in disgrace. Boy as he was, however, his ears were of -the best, and he knew the sound of the feet of many horses. He listened -for a moment, and then he knew by the sudden silence that they had -halted.</p> - -<p>This was the moment that the spies of Two Knives came racing up to -announce the suspicious change of direction on the part of the miners, -and the chief was considering the matter.</p> - -<p>"Not go back to camp?"</p> - -<p>"No," said one of the Lipan braves, pointing toward the south. "All -pale-faces go that way."</p> - -<p>"Ugh! Good. Pale-face chief very cunning. Not want to run against -Apaches. Go way around. Get there before we do. We ride."</p> - -<p>The Apache boy had not waited for them to start again. He had promptly -wheeled his pony, and dashed away through the darkness with the news. He -had not far to go before he fell in with a squad of his own people, and -his work was done. Older and wiser braves than himself, with eyes and -ears as keen as his own, rode forward to keep watch of the advancing -Lipans, while the others lashed their ponies and darted away to spread -the warning.</p> - -<p>Many Bears had no notion of fighting so terrible an enemy with less than -his whole force, and he was in no hurry to begin. Orders were sent for -everybody to fall back without allowing themselves to be seen, and the -Lipans were allowed to come right along, with the mistaken idea that -they were about to make a surprise. They moved in two long scattered -ranks, one about a hundred yards in advance of the other, when suddenly -old To-la-go-to-de himself rose in his saddle, and sent back a low -warning cry.</p> - -<p>He had seen shadowy forms flitting along in the gloom around him, and he -was not sure but he had heard the beat of hoofs upon the sod. In half a -minute after, he had uttered the warning cry which so suddenly halted -his warriors, he was quite sure he heard such sounds, and a great many -others.</p> - -<p>First came a scattering but hot and rapid crash of rifle firing; then a -fierce chorus of whoops and yells; then, before the two ranks of Lipans -could join in one body, a wild rush of shouting horsemen dashed in -between them. There was a twanging of bows, a clatter of lances, and -more firing, with greater danger of somebody getting hit than there had -been at first. Then in a moment Two Knives found his little band -assailed<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_294" id="Page_294">[Pg 294]</a></span> on all sides at once by superior numbers. The orders of Many -Bears were that the rear rank of his foes should only be kept at bay at -first, so that he could centre nearly all his force upon the foremost -squad. The latter contained a bare two dozen of chosen warriors, and -their courage and skill were of little use in such a wild hurly-burly. -To-la-go-to-de and three more warriors even suffered the disgrace of -being knocked from their ponies, tied up, and led away toward the Apache -village as prisoners.</p> - -<p>The rear rank of the Lipans had made a brave charge, and it had taught -them all they needed to know. The battle was lost, and their only -remaining hope was in the speed of their horses. They turned from that -fruitless charge as one man, and rode swiftly away—swiftly, but not -wildly, for they were veterans, and they kept well together. A few of -the Apaches followed in pursuit, but the Lipans were well mounted. The -approach of night favored them, and in the darkness the main body made -its way to the shelter of the mountain pass in safety.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>Even before the Apaches had set out to find their Lipan enemies, Murray -and Steve made their way across the ford, and were guided by a -bright-eyed boy to the lodge which had been set apart for them.</p> - -<p>"Now, Steve," said Murray, "you stay here awhile. I can do some things -better if I'm alone."</p> - -<p>"All right;" and Steve threw himself down on the blanket he had spread -upon the grass.</p> - -<p>The lodges of the chief were not far apart from each other, and Murray -had not gone twenty steps before he found himself in front of one of -them, and face to face with a very stout and dark-complexioned squaw. -But if she had been a warrior in the most hideous war-paint she could -not have expected a man like Send Warning to be startled so at meeting -her.</p> - -<p>Perhaps she did not notice the tremor which went over him from head to -foot, or that his voice was a little husky when he spoke to her. At all -events, she answered him promptly enough, for at that moment there was -nobody in sight or hearing for whose approval or disapproval Mother -Dolores cared a button. The two girls within the tent were not worth -considering.</p> - -<p>Murray had used his eyes to some purpose when he had watched Dolores at -her cooking, and his first words had made her his very good friend.</p> - -<p>"Squaw of great chief. Squaw great cook. Know how."</p> - -<p>"Is Send Warning hungry?"</p> - -<p>"Not now. Eat enough. Great chief and warriors go after Lipans. -Pale-faces stay in camp."</p> - -<p>"They will all eat a heap when they come back. Bring Lipan scalps, too."</p> - -<p>"The Lipans are enemies of the Apaches. The Mexicans are friends."</p> - -<p>"The Mexicans!" exclaimed Dolores.</p> - -<p>"Yes. Great chief marry Mexican squaw. Handsome. Good cook."</p> - -<p>"I am an Apache."</p> - -<p>"Yes, Apache now. Mexican long ago. Forget all about it. All about Santa -Maria—"</p> - -<p>"No, no; the Talking Leaf remembers that."</p> - -<p>And the poor woman nervously snatched from her bosom the leaf of the -magazine on which was printed the picture of the Virgin and Child, and -held it out to Murray. He could but dimly see what it was, but he -guessed right, for he said, instantly:</p> - -<p>"You remember that, do you? I suppose you never knew how to read. Not -many of 'em do, down there. The Apaches came one day and carried you -off. Horses, mules, cattle, good cook—killed all the rest."</p> - -<p>"How do you know?" suddenly interrupted Dolores. "I remember all that. -Don't want to, but I can't help it. Same thing happens a great many -times. Apaches are great warriors. Many Bears is a great chief. Bring -back heap of prisoners every time."</p> - -<p>She was telling Murray what he wanted to know, but he saw that he must -ask his questions carefully, for, as he said to himself: "I never saw a -woman so completely Indianized. She is more of an Apache than a Mexican -now."</p> - -<p>He talked and Dolores answered him, and all the while the two girls -heard every word. Ni-ha-be would have liked to make comments every now -and then, and it was quite a trial to be compelled to keep so still, but -Rita would not have spoken on any account. It seemed to her as if -Dolores were telling all that to her instead of to Send Warning. She -found herself thinking almost aloud about him.</p> - -<p>"What a kind, sweet voice he has! He can not speak Apache. I know he is -good."</p> - -<p>In another moment she again came near betraying herself, for the words -were on her very lips before she could stop them and still them down to -an excited whisper.</p> - -<p>"He is not talking even Mexican now. It is the tongue of the Talking -Leaves, and I can hear what he says."</p> - -<p>More than that, for she soon found that she could repeat them over and -over to herself, and knew what they meant.</p> - -<p>Murray had talked to Dolores as long as was permitted by Indian ideas of -propriety, and it was just as he was turning away from her that he said -to himself, aloud and in English: "I am not mistaken. She is the same -woman. Who would have thought she could forget so? I am on the right -track now." And then he walked away.</p> - -<p>He had not gone far, however, when his footsteps were checked by the -sound of war-whoops from the throats of the triumphant braves on their -return to the camp.</p> - -<p>"That's the whoop for prisoners," he exclaimed. "If they bring in any, I -must not let them see me here. I never hated Apaches more in my life. It -won't do to lose my friends. Here they come."</p> - -<p>He crept to the edge of the bushes and lay still. There would be a -council called at once, he knew, and he would be sent for, but he was -determined to wait and see what was done with the prisoners.</p> - -<p>They were the great To-la-go-to-de and his three chiefs, none of them -hurt to speak of, but they were all that were left of the foremost rank -of the Lipans in that brief, terrible combat.</p> - -<p>Other braves kept back the mob of squaws and children, while the four -distinguished captives were almost carried into one of the lodges at the -border of the bushes.</p> - -<p>Here more thongs of strong deer-skin were tightened upon their helpless -limbs, a strong guard of armed braves was stationed in front of the -lodge, and the Lipans were left in the dark to such thoughts as might -come to them.</p> - -<p>Not an Apache among their guards dreamed that anything could happen to -the captives. And yet, within two minutes from the time he was spread -upon his back and left alone, old Two Knives heard inside the lodge a -low warning hiss.</p> - -<p>His companions also heard it, but neither of them was so unwise as to -answer by a sound.</p> - -<p>The hiss was repeated, and now it was close to the chief's ear.</p> - -<p>"Friend come. No Tongue is here. Great chief must be snake. Creep -through hole in back of lodge. Find plenty horse. Ride fast. Get to -pass. Never forget friend. No Tongue come some time."</p> - -<p>Even while he was whispering, the sharp edge of Murray's knife was busy -with the thongs, and in a moment more all four of the prisoners were -free—free to lie silently, while their friend repeated to each in turn -his advice as to what they were to do next.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 465px;"> -<img src="images/ill_006.jpg" width="465" height="500" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE ESCAPE OF TO-LA-GO-TO-DE AND HIS CHIEFS.</span> -</div> - -<p>Their nerves had not been shaken by their defeat, and when Murray -slipped away again through the slit he had cut in the lodge cover, he -was followed by four forms that made their way every bit as quietly as -so many snakes could have done.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_295" id="Page_295">[Pg 295]</a></span></p> - -<p>What puzzled To-la-go-to-de and his friends was that when they ventured -to rise upon their feet, out in the dark among the horses, No Tongue was -not with them.</p> - -<p>"Ugh! Gone!"</p> - -<p>"Cunning snake. Stay and strike Apaches. Then come."</p> - -<p>"Good friend. Big warrior."</p> - -<p>They could not quite understand the matter, but of one thing they were -sure: No Tongue had penetrated the Apache camp in the most daring -manner, and had set them free at the risk of his life.</p> - -<p>He had disappeared now, but they felt abundantly able to look out for -themselves.</p> - -<p>Even the ordinary watchers of the corral had left their stations to join -the shouting crowd in camp, who were boasting of their victory, and the -escaping Lipans could do about as they pleased.</p> - -<p>They could find no weapons, but there were saddles and bridles and -scores of fleet steeds to choose from, and it was but a few minutes -before Two Knives and his friends were on their way through the darkness -toward the river.</p> - -<p>They did not hunt for any ford. Horses and men alike knew how to swim. -Once safely across, there was a great temptation to give a whoop, but -the chief forbade it.</p> - -<p>"No. Keep still. No Tongue is on the trail of the Apaches. Noise bad for -him."</p> - -<p>With that he sprang into his saddle, and led the way at a fierce gallop.</p> - -<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="INCIDENTS_OF_THE_GREAT_FLOOD" id="INCIDENTS_OF_THE_GREAT_FLOOD">INCIDENTS OF THE GREAT FLOOD.</a></h2> - -<p>If we could gather together the records of the mighty flood that lately -laid waste the great valleys of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, we -should have a wonderfully terrible yet glorious picture of peril, -suffering, and heroism. Scarcely a town but has its own sad tale of -bridges carried away, railroad tracks washed out, houses flooded, and -whole families forced to flee before the advancing waters, and in many -cases to flee in vain. In Arkansas and Mississippi the mighty "Father of -Waters" burst through the great levees which the labor of generations -has built up to confine him within bounds, and rushed over the low-lying -country beyond, carrying death and desolation with him. In Arkansas City -every house was flooded, and families retreated to the upper stories of -their homes. Many families whose houses were but of one story were -forced to abandon their homes, and trust themselves to small boats or -rafts hastily put together.</p> - -<p>A sad fate befell one such family. They were a gentleman and his wife -and six children, four of whom were between the ages of six and -fourteen. The floods had risen around them until not even the roof -afforded a safe refuge. Their only hope was a small boat—a -"dug-out"—and in it they all embarked. But what chance had they in such -a tiny craft and in such a storm? The story is short. The boat capsized, -and the father saved his wife, only to realize that they two were left -childless.</p> - -<p>In another place two brothers were alone in their father's house on the -bank of a creek. The water rose so rapidly that before they could -realize it the house was surrounded, and they saw no hope but to trust -themselves to the water, and endeavor to reach higher ground, where they -would be safe. They were brave, strong lads, but all too weak to battle -against the raging torrent into which they plunged. One of them was not -seen more. The other reached a haven of refuge in a tree, and had help -been at hand he might have lived to tell the fearful tale. But no aid -was near. It was twenty-four hours before he was found, and then cold -and exposure had done their work. The two brothers had perished within a -few hours of one another.</p> - -<p>Many of you will remember the story of Rupert of Ware, which was told in -these pages last Halloween. It is such noble acts as that of his that -light up the gloomy narratives of great calamities. This story also has -its bright side. Doubtless it has many heroes. We can tell of only one.</p> - -<p>It was at Paducah, a river-side town in Kentucky, that a young hero, a -boy named "Dad" Little, pushed off in his skiff to rescue some men in a -flat-bottomed boat, whom the fierce river was hurrying to destruction on -its angry tide. As soon as the boy reached them, they seized his boat -and scrambled into it, so that it capsized. Two of them were drowned, -and the others, with "Dad" Little, saved themselves by holding on to the -overturned boat. As the boat floated near the shore, the brave boy swam -to a tree, and climbed up into it, and was not rescued from his cruel -position until six hours later.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="PERIL_AND_PRIVATION" id="PERIL_AND_PRIVATION">PERIL AND PRIVATION.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY JAMES PAYN.</h3> - -<h3>II.—ON THE KEYS OF HONDURAS.</h3> - -<p>Ashton's first task was to range the island. It proved to be thirty -miles or so in length, but its only inhabitants were birds and beasts; -it was well watered, and full of hills and deep valleys.</p> - -<p>In the latter were many fruit trees, and also vines and currant bushes. -There was one tree which bore a fruit larger than an orange, oval -shaped, and brown without and red within. This he dared not touch until -he saw the wild hogs eating it, lest it should be poisonous. Fruit was -his only food. He had no weapon to kill any animal, or the means of -cooking it when killed. One often reads of producing fire by friction, -but unless one has flint and steel this is very difficult. Some savages -only know the secret of it, and it is doubtful whether any white man has -ever succeeded in it. In Philip Ashton's island there were no matches.</p> - -<p>He found tortoise eggs in the sand, which he dug up with a stick, -"sometimes a hundred and fifty of them at a time." These he ate, or -strung on a strip of palmetto and hung them in the sun. They were very -hard and tough, but he was glad to get them. Enormous serpents, twelve -and fourteen feet long, were numerous. When they were lying at full -length he often took them for "old trunks of trees covered with short -moss," and was much astonished when they opened their mouths and hissed -at him.</p> - -<p>What annoyed him much more, however, were the "small black flies," which -harassed him in myriads. To escape them he longed to swim over to a -small "key," which, being without trees, and exposed to the wind, was -probably free from those pests. He was, however, a very indifferent -swimmer, and had no canoe nor the means of making one.</p> - -<p>At last he hit on the idea of putting a piece of bamboo, which is as -hollow as a reed and light as a cork, under his chest and arms, and so -trusted himself to the sea.</p> - -<p>Once the bamboo slipped from under him, and he was nearly drowned. At -another time a shovel-nosed shark struck him on the thigh, and but for -the shallowness of the water, "which prevented its mouth getting round" -at him, he would have perished miserably. Practice, however, soon made -him a good swimmer, and in spite of the sharks he swam over to the -little island daily to escape the flies.</p> - -<p>He had built a hut, if it could be called such, by taking fallen -branches and fastening them by means of split palmetto leaves to the -hanging boughs. This sheltered him from the noonday sun and the heavy -night dews. The entrance of this hut "was made to look toward the sea," -in hopes of rescue.</p> - -<p>"I had had the approbation of my father and mother," he piously -reflects, "in going to sea, and I trusted it would<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_296" id="Page_296">[Pg 296]</a></span> please God in His -own time and manner to provide for my return to my father's house."</p> - -<p>But in the mean time he endured frightful sufferings. His feet became -very sore from walking on "the hot beach, with its sharp, broken -shells," and sometimes, "though treading with all possible caution," a -shell on the beach or a stick in the woods would open an old wound, -inflicting such agony that he would fall down suddenly as if he had been -shot. Rather than risk any more such misery, he would sometimes sit for -a whole day, with his back against a tree, looking with tearful eyes for -the vessel that never came.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 405px;"> -<img src="images/ill_007.jpg" width="405" height="500" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">ASHTON PROTECTING HIMSELF FROM THE WILD-BOAR.</span> -</div> - -<p>Once, when faint from such injuries, a wild-boar ran at him. He could -not stand, but caught at the bough of the tree above him, and hung -suspended while the beast made his charge. "He tore away a portion of my -ragged trousers, and then went on his way, which I considered to have -been a very great deliverance."</p> - -<p>These hardships, and the living almost entirely on fruit, brought him to -great extremities. He "often fell to the ground insensible," and thought -every night would be his last. He lost count of the days of the week, -and then of the month. The rainy season came on, and he grew worse.</p> - -<p>At one time—as he judged in November—he saw a sight which, had he been -himself, would have filled him with joy. He beheld a small canoe -approaching the shore, with a single man in it. The spectacle excited -little emotion. "I kept my seat on the beach, thinking that I could not -expect a friend, and being in no condition to resist an enemy."</p> - -<p>The stranger called out to him in English, and Ashton replied that he -might safely land, for that he was the only inhabitant of the island, -and as good as dead.</p> - -<p>The whole incident is most curious, but the strangest fact of all is the -unenthusiastic terms in which our hero describes the matter. It is clear -he must have been almost at death's door. This stranger proved to be a -native of North Britain; Scotchmen were then so called. "He was well -advanced in years, and of a spare and venerable aspect, and of a -reserved temper.... He informed me he had lived two-and-twenty years -with the Spaniards, who now threatened to burn him, for what crime I did -not know. He had fled to the 'key' as an asylum, bringing with him his -dog, gun, ammunition, and also a small quantity of pork." Ashton goes on -to say that the stranger showed him much kindness, and gave him "some of -his pork."</p> - -<p>On the third day after his arrival, the new-comer prepared to make an -excursion in his canoe to some of the neighboring islands for the -purpose of killing deer. Our hero, though much cheered by his society, -and especially by the fire, the means of kindling which the other had -brought with him, and by eating cooked food, was too weak and -sore-footed to accompany him. The sky was cloudless, and the man had -already come six-and-thirty miles in safety, so that their parting -seemed only a "good-day."</p> - -<p>But it was final. A storm arose within the hour, in which his visitor -doubtless perished.</p> - -<p>What is very singular, Ashton never had the curiosity to ask him his -name; and though our hero found himself so suddenly deprived of his -companion, and reduced to his former lonely state, he consoled himself -with the reflection that he was in far better circumstances than before. -He had "pork, a knife, a bottle of gunpowder, tobacco, tongs, and a -flint." He could now cut up a turtle and boil it.</p> - -<p>Three months afterward another canoe came on shore, but without a -tenant. The possession of this vessel was a somewhat doubtful boon to -him. He rowed in it to another "key" miles away, where, having landed, -he lay down to sleep, with his face to the sea, as usual, and his back -to a tree.</p> - -<p>"I was awakened by a noise of firing, and starting up beheld nine -piraguas [large canoes] full of men, all firing at me. I ran among the -bushes as fast as my sore feet would allow, while they called after me, -'Surrender yourself, O Englishman, and we will give you good quarter.'" -By their firing at an inoffensive man Ashton knew that they were -Spaniards, and guessed what was their idea of "good quarter." After -hiding in the woods for that night he returned to his little island the -next day, and to the hut of boughs, "which now seemed a royal palace to -me."</p> - -<p>After nineteen months' residence alone on this spot, save<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_297" id="Page_297">[Pg 297]</a></span> for that -three days' visit from the stranger, Ashton was joined by seventeen -Englishmen, fugitives from Spanish cruelty. They were accustomed to -hardships and miseries, but "they started back in horror at the sight of -so wild, ragged, and wretched an object."</p> - -<p>A spoonful of rum which they administered to him almost took away his -life, owing to his long disuse of strong liquors. They clothed and fed -him, and were very good to him, though "in their common conversation," -as he naïvely remarks, "there was very little difference between them -and pirates."</p> - -<p>Considering what he had gone through, one is inclined to wonder how Mr. -Philip Ashton could have been so very particular. He seems to have been -an honest, good man, and did not forget to express his earnest gratitude -to Providence when rescued at last by a British sloop driven near his -"key" by stress of weather. He arrived home at Salem in March, 1725, -having spent eight months on board a pirate ship, and nineteen on the -"key." "That same evening," he says, "I went to my father's house, where -I was received as one risen from the dead."</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 321px;"> -<img src="images/ill_008.jpg" width="321" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">IN GRANDMAMMA'S CHAIR.</span> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_009.jpg" width="500" height="451" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">"DIT UP, G'AN'PA!"</span> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="SOMETHING_ABOUT_SONATAS" id="SOMETHING_ABOUT_SONATAS">SOMETHING ABOUT SONATAS.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY MRS. JOHN LILLIE.</h3> - -<p>It was once my good fortune to stay in an Italian country house, where -among many treasures there were some old music-books.</p> - -<p>These books were in manuscript, and they had been written in the -fourteenth or the fifteenth century. They seemed to have existed as long -as the old house. They were kept in a little black ebony cabinet in a -long room full of soft old colors.</p> - -<p>There was a grand piano in the room, for the young ladies of the house -played beautifully, and there was an organ for the use of the master of -the house. The old music-books seemed suited to the room and to the -organ.</p> - -<p>I did not play any of the music. It would have been very difficult -indeed to have done so, as the notation was not like ours, but it -suggested many grave sweeping chords. Taking the chord of G major, for -instance, I tried to see just how much the writer of this old music knew -about it. Not a great deal; yet the Gregorian chant had been -established, and in this music were various ideas which we have since -developed.</p> - -<p>Now the most interesting part of it all to me was certain queer little -marks in the music. Here and there was a tiny <i>f</i>, which, as you know, -meant what we now write as <i>forte</i>. There was a little <i>t</i>, or <i>bt</i>, -meaning <i>teneatur</i>, or <i>ben tenuto</i>; a little <i>c</i>, meaning <i>celeriter</i>, -or <i>con moto</i>, and so on.</p> - -<p>I think the beginning of any art is interesting. All sorts of little -shadowy suggestions of things that we have now in perfection seemed to -me to lurk in those faded pages. As I put the books back in the ebony -cabinet, and sat down by the wood fire, while B—— was drumming on the -piano, I thought a great deal of the earnest, hopeful, patient old monk -who had written it. And now, taking these little marks for my text, I -want to tell you something about musical terms and signs.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_298" id="Page_298">[Pg 298]</a></span></p> - -<p>Before you try to understand any great work like a symphony or sonata, -you ought to thoroughly acquaint yourself with its very first -principles. A great deal of hidden meaning lies in these simple little -signs and terms.</p> - -<p>That little <i>f</i> in the old music meant, as I say, <i>forte</i>, that is, -loud, strong, as you know by its connection with the piano. The Italians -called it <i>fragor</i>, and when you see it <i>Fp</i>, or <i>fp</i>, it means a quick, -loud sound, suddenly subsiding into a <i>piano</i> or soft sound. Try the -chord of A flat; it is a beautiful one, and you can best practice on it -the <i>fp</i>.</p> - -<p>The old <i>teneatur</i>, or <i>tenuto</i>, means that the note or chord should be -sustained or held on to. I think this is best practiced at first in -duets, for as you play you will see the effect of the <i>tenuto</i> on the -notes your companion is playing, without having to worry yourself over -holding the note properly, and playing with the other hand at the same -time.</p> - -<p><i>Con moto</i> means with celerity or rapidity. Any gavotte music practices -this.</p> - -<p>These are only a few signs, but I have explained them just to show you -how very necessary they can be both to practice and performance, and I -think it well for all beginners in music to study certain bits just for -the purpose of learning how to interpret such signs quickly at sight. An -interesting half-hour's practice might be expended any day, I think, in -this direction. I once knew a very ardent little student who always gave -twenty minutes a day to what she called "rules." They were the study of -sight reading, the learning of signs and reading music accordingly, the -formation of chords, and the practice of making harmonic changes. I -think it was a very useful part of her practicing. She often looks back -to it now, thankful that she then accustomed herself to <i>thinking</i> in -her music.</p> - -<p>Now, as I suppose you know, besides these dynamic signs, there are many -terms used to indicate both the time and the character of the music to -be played. You see them on every piece of music. Many of these are -necessarily parts of long works like symphonies and sonatas; but of -them, when so used, I hope I may tell you at some other time. I speak of -them now in their general significance. Take the constantly used -<i>allegro</i>. It always looks to me just what it means—brightness and -gayety. Literally, it means <i>cheerful</i>. Now, as a matter of <i>time</i>, when -you see <i>allegro</i>, you may know that you ought to play it between -<i>andante</i> time and <i>presto</i> time.</p> - -<p>Sometimes composers have simply called a piece an "allegro," just as -Milton called his famous poem "L'Allegro." You will find it often -modified by some other word, like <i>allegro assai</i> or <i>con brio</i>, meaning -a quick allegro; and if you go to a large concert, and have some -knowledge of the music to be played, you may be surprised to find that -the orchestra will take the <i>allegro</i> rather more slowly than you would -if you were playing at home. But this is a sort of unwritten rule which -governs performers in a large hall. To me the word written beside my -music as I turn the page seems to mean some fair and smiling country, -peace and plenty, joyful content, the gay look of youth, and the -sweetness of a gentle life. Try to play some <i>allegro</i> movement, -thinking of these happy things, and see if your fingers do not move more -readily.</p> - -<p>The term <i>andante</i> used only to be employed in its most literal sense, -which means <i>going</i>, and they then put other words with it, but now it -is only used to mean <i>going slowly</i>. Beethoven has written many pieces -just known as <i>andantes</i>. The word is constantly used to express a slow -and solemn movement, but <i>adagio</i> means something even more stately and -pathetic. <i>Presto</i> means a quick, sudden movement; it comes in often as -a change from a richer, fuller sound. <i>Scherzo</i>, a term you will -constantly see, literally means a <i>jest</i>, but it is employed to -designate a humorous or lively movement.</p> - -<p>These are, as you must know, only a few of the many terms employed in -music, but I have given you their significations chiefly because they -have to do with the arrangement of the sonata and the symphony.</p> - -<p>Some day I shall hope to tell you a great deal about famous sonatas and -symphonies, and concertos also, but here I can only give you some of the -rules which have to be employed in their composition. All this, I am -sure, ought to be very thoroughly understood by any one who plays a -sonata or wishes to fully enjoy listening to one.</p> - -<p>Originally the sonata consisted of slow, solemn movements when it was -for church music, and of one or two only when it was for secular music, -but the form in which we have it now is called the modern sonata, and -<i>must</i> consist of four movements.</p> - -<p>First comes an <i>allegro</i>. This has two of what are called <i>themes</i>, or -subjects, one in the <i>tonic</i> or key-note, the other in what is called -the <i>dominant</i>. This is the fifth note above the key-note. For example, -should the first theme of an allegro be written in C, the second would -have to be in G. It is called <i>dominant</i>, because the key of any passage -can not be accurately known unless it has this note for root. Should the -first theme of the sonata be written in the <i>minor</i> key, then the second -would have to be in the relative major.</p> - -<p>The second movement of the sonata is the <i>andante</i>. This has usually one -theme or subject, and it is in a key which <i>relates</i> in some way to the -tonic or leading key. I give you these rules simply, but they are worth -remembering as first steps to much deeper study.</p> - -<p>The third movement is a <i>minuet</i> or <i>scherzo</i> (this was introduced by -Beethoven). The fourth movement is again an <i>allegro</i>, or <i>presto</i>, or -<i>rondo</i>. Here we go back to the original key, but there is only one -theme, and this is often gone over and over in various ways. Now, then, -with these rules to govern them, musicians are allowed certain licenses, -so that occasionally you will find a sonata written not quite in this -form. Schubert, a wonderful composer, often disregarded rules in his -sonatas, and occasionally Beethoven did the same. To Haydn, Mozart, and -Beethoven we owe the sonata as we have it now, and for beginners I -should recommend Haydn and Mozart as the simplest reading and best music -to begin upon.</p> - -<p>A <i>symphony</i>, properly speaking, is an elaborate work like the <i>sonata</i>, -divided into movements, but arranged chiefly with a view to -orchestration. Any number of instruments may be used, and solos for -different instruments are introduced. Sometimes voices are added, as in -the famous Ninth Symphony of Beethoven. This is often called the Choral -Symphony. The first writer of genuine symphonies was Boccherini, and -Haydn brought them nearer to the form in which we have them. Mozart did -a little more, and Beethoven perfected them.</p> - -<p>Boccherini's music is often very dull, yet someway I like to think of -him, and to hear his symphonies. He must have been a very interesting -man to know. He was kindly, good-humored, and generous, and in the last -century he played divinely on the 'cello. Often he was very poor; he led -a wandering life, and wrote some delicious bits of music to pay for his -dinner. In those days musical opportunities were rare, and yet good -musicians often lived and died unappreciated. We of to-day owe poor, -gentle Boccherini a great deal. I well remember a dull day in London, -when at the house of a famous artist I heard some of his music rehearsed -by the greatest musicians in the world. They were preparing for a -concert, and asked a few friends to hear this impromptu practice. I -thought how glad poor Boccherini (who died in 1805, fairly tired of his -cruel life) would have been to hear such musicians render his work. -Somehow it seemed to shut out all the fog and cheerlessness of the -square below the window in which I sat.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_299" id="Page_299">[Pg 299]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="THE_LAST_OF_THE_ICE" id="THE_LAST_OF_THE_ICE">THE LAST OF THE ICE.</a></h2> - -<p>"That's the end of the skating for this winter," said Jerry McDonald, -mournfully.</p> - -<p>"It'd have lasted three weeks longer," growled Put Giddings, "if it -hadn't been for Captain Myers and his old steamer." And Pat Farrel -added:</p> - -<p>"What for did he come alongshore and smash the best ice there was left? -It's foine big pieces he made of it, but they're no good for skatin'."</p> - -<p>Either old Captain Myers was a man with no heart for fun of that kind, -or he thought there had been enough of it that winter, for he had driven -the hard nose of his steamer right through the smooth surface of the -cove below toward the spot where he made his landings in the summer, and -there was no such thing as saying too much for the style in which he had -smashed the ice. There was just a narrow strip left right close to the -beach, and there was no good skating to be had on that.</p> - -<p>"There's lots of it," said Jerry, "but it won't freeze to bear again. -It'd be rougher'n ploughed ground if it did."</p> - -<p>"Some of the chunks are big ones," remarked Put. "That's the way the -icebergs get away from the north pole. They break away in the spring, -and they float down south and melt."</p> - -<p>"'Dade," exclaimed Pat Farrel, "an' don't I wish owld Myers was on wan -of thim icebergs!" But Put went right along in spite of the -interruption:</p> - -<p>"And if a white bear gets caught on an iceberg, he gets floated away -with and drowned, unless the menagerie men send out an expedition and -save him."</p> - -<p>"Those icebergs out there wouldn't float a dog," said Bill Thatcher. But -Pat Farrel came to Put's help:</p> - -<p>"Wouldn't they, now? That big wan, close inshore, would carry any wan of -us."</p> - -<p>"No, it wouldn't."</p> - -<p>"Yes, it would."</p> - -<p>They were right in the middle of the argument about that cake of ice, -when Put Giddings, who had gone to the edge of the solid strip to study -the matter, gave a little run and a sliding jump. He hardly knew why he -did it, but it landed him right in the middle of that cake of ice, and -the shove he gave it sent it several feet away from its moorings.</p> - -<p>"Here I am, boys! What do you think of this for an iceberg?"</p> - -<p>"Wid a young bear on it," said Pat.</p> - -<p>"Keep your balance," shouted Bill Thatcher. "How'll you ever get -ashore?" And Mum Robbins remarked:</p> - -<p>"It's just like Put. He's always doing something."</p> - -<p>"Don't she rock, though!" said Put, bravely. "Wish I had something to -steer with."</p> - -<p>"What for?" asked Pat. "Did you ever see an iceberg wid a rudder?"</p> - -<p>"Put," said Mum Robbins, "you're a-floating. There'll have to be an -expedition sent after you."</p> - -<p>"And save him, and put him in a menaygerie," said Pat. "It's a foine -bear he'd make."</p> - -<p>"If he doesn't stand still in the middle of it, he'll tip it over," -began Bill Thatcher. But Put had been studying his own chances, and he -shouted:</p> - -<p>"Boys, just one of you go and get a fence rail. I'll come ashore and let -some of you try it. It's the biggest cake around here."</p> - -<p>"Are you getting scared?"</p> - -<p>"Does it teter much?"</p> - -<p>There were a good many remarks made, but quite a squad of boys set off -after a fence rail, while Bill Thatcher called out:</p> - -<p>"Stand still right there in the middle. It wouldn't take much to tip her -over."</p> - -<p>"Rock her," said Pat Farrel. "Mebbe you kud rock her right back to the -shore."</p> - -<p>"When an iceberg gets loose," said Bill Thatcher, "it just floats away. -It doesn't go back to the pole and freeze on again."</p> - -<p>"Boys," exclaimed Put, "they'll have to bring a good long rail. The -water's getting wider and wider."</p> - -<p>So it was, and somehow it had a look of being colder and colder, and it -looked both wider and colder to the boy on the iceberg than it did to -any of the other young bears alongshore.</p> - -<p>The cake was a wide one, and it was floating pretty well, but Put -Griddings should not have taken Pat Farrel's advice about rocking it.</p> - -<p>There was a sudden dull cracking sound right under the unsteady feet of -Put Giddings. In a second or so more there were four or five small cakes -of ice on that spot of water instead of one big piece, and right in -among them was the cap of an unlucky boy, and from under the cap there -came a loud and astonished yell.</p> - -<p>"The iceberg's busted!"</p> - -<p>"Put's broke in!"</p> - -<p>"Hurry up that rail!"</p> - -<p>There were shouts enough, and there would have been a panic if it had -not been for Jerry McDonald.</p> - -<p>"Swim, Put," he shouted. "Catch the end of my tippet. It's the longest -kind of a tippet. Catch."</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 357px;"> -<img src="images/ill_010.jpg" width="357" height="400" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>Put himself was quite cool about the matter, now he had yelled. In fact, -almost anybody can keep cool in such ice-water as that was. The distance -was not great, but the tippet was thrown out three times before the -swimmer caught the end of it.</p> - -<p>"Now, Bill," said Jerry, "we've got him. Grab me round the waist, and -look out you don't slip. He's a-coming!"</p> - -<p>So he was, for all the world as if he was a big fish and they had hooked -him; but just as he came near the solid ice, and Bill and Jerry began to -strain harder than ever, the rescued "bear" suddenly arose in the water -until he stood half out of it.</p> - -<p>"Pull!" shouted Jerry, with his nose in the air, and an anxious look on -his face. "We've 'most got him."</p> - -<p>"They've got him, boys!" yelled a youngster who was hurrying up with a -fence rail twice as long as himself, but Put Giddings was as cool as -ever.</p> - -<p>It was easy enough to get out and start for home; but it was very mean -of Pat Farrel to remark, "Put, me b'y, ye'd betther dance all the way."</p> - -<p>"B-b-boys," replied Put, "if you w-w-want to know how a b-b-bear feels -on an iceberg, just try one of those other c-c-cakes."</p> - -<p>He started on what was as near a run as it was to a dance, but it was -plain he had received no worse harm than a wetting, and that crowd of -boys was by no means satisfied.</p> - -<p>"Look how the ice is packed in the cove," said Bill Thatcher, "and the -pieces are big ones too."</p> - -<p>"They wouldn't hold a fellow up."</p> - -<p>"Yes, they would."</p> - -<p>"See how Put's chunk carried him until he danced through it."</p> - -<p>"Boys," said Jerry, "don't you know? There's seven times as much of a -chunk of ice under the water as there is above it? Maybe it's eight -times."</p> - -<p>"Well," replied Mum Robbins, "if you should try to cross the cove on -that pack of cakes, there'd be seven times as much of you in the water -as there would be anywhere else."</p> - -<p>"Now I guess not. If a fellow ran fast enough, and if he didn't stop two -seconds on any one cake, he could get across."</p> - -<p>"S'posing he should slip up?"</p> - -<p>"He'd have to look out for that, and he'd have to jump pretty lively; -but he could do it."</p> - -<p>The excitement over Put Giddings and his iceberg had<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_300" id="Page_300">[Pg 300]</a></span> left that lot of -lake-shore boys in a bad state of mind, and they were drifting toward -the cove all the while they were talking. The ice there was indeed -packed pretty well. Not as closely as in an ice-house, perhaps, but -still it had a very substantial appearance, considering what it really -was. It seemed a great pity, too, not to get a little more fun out of -what had been the best skating ground on all that end of the lake. -Still, the remaining mischief was really done by Pat Farrel, small as he -was, for he broke in on the talk of the larger boys with:</p> - -<p>"Crass that ice, is it? I kud do it in a minute if me fut was well. Yer -afraid to thry it. That's all."</p> - -<p>There was always some place or other lame or bruised about Pat Farrel, -for the good reason that he could not see or think of any rash -undertaking he was not at once ready to try.</p> - -<p>Pat kept on talking, and the more he said about it, the more the taller -boys began to feel that it was their duty to try it.</p> - -<p>Mum Robbins was a little the best runner, but it was well known that -Bill Thatcher could outjump him, and the other boys were quite contented -to let those two make the experiment.</p> - -<p>They went back three or four rods from the edge of the "pack" to get a -good start, and then Pat Farrel shouted, "Now, b'ys, jump!"</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 374px;"> -<img src="images/ill_011.jpg" width="374" height="500" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">"EVERY CAKE THEY TROD UPON DANCED AND WOBBLED."</span> -</div> - -<p>They started, and they were almost surprised, as were all the -lookers-on, to find how easy a piece of work it was at first. Their -footfalls hardly stirred the cakes of ice from their places, and the -small boys began to hurrah. All that, however, was near shore, where the -cakes were wedged and jammed together in a sort of close raft that -helped support itself, but there was something not quite so nice a -little further out toward the middle of the cove. Everything grew looser -and looser the further the two young adventurers went, and in a few -seconds more they were actually forced to jump a wide crack. Then all -the "race track" under them became full of cracks, and every cake they -trod upon danced and wobbled, and they were not half so sure of their -footing.</p> - -<p>Mum Robbins was winning the race, for he was three-quarters of the way -over, when he heard a loud cry behind him, and a great chorus of louder -cries on the shore. He did not dare to pause an instant, for he was -getting out of breath, and it would not do to use any cake for more than -one footstep. It was an awful half-minute, but the moment he reached -solid ice he turned and looked. "Where's Bill Thatcher?"</p> - -<p>Not running or jumping, and yet there he was, every inch of him. Bill -had alighted on the edge of a cake which was still tetering from the -effects of being trodden upon by Mum Robbins, and it had at once slipped -from under him. His foot went through into the water, and before he knew -it he was lying flat on his back. The next thing he was really sure of -was that he was also lying on three separate cakes of ice, and that they -wobbled dreadfully with every movement he made.</p> - -<p>Bill yelled in spite of himself when the water rose above the cracks, -and crept through to his skin. Here was a second panic among the -many-sized mob alongshore. One shouted one thing and one another, and -two small boys began to cry, but Pat Farrel was equal to the occasion.</p> - -<p>"What for did he do that? Now, b'ys, we've got to go for some boords. -There's a hape of 'em in front of owld Van Meter's fence. 'Tisn't far to -bring 'em. We'll have him out o' that."</p> - -<p>The work of transporting the best half of Deacon Van Meter's fencing -boards was done in a sort of frenzy, and Aunt Hannah Van Meter came -rushing out of the house to see about it.</p> - -<p>"Drowning? Mum Robbins, did you say Bill Thatcher was drowning? I'll run -down to the village and tell his mother."</p> - -<p>"Ye'd betther take howld and kerry a big boord wid us," replied Pat -Farrel, sturdily, and Aunt Hannah exclaimed:</p> - -<p>"Me? Carry a board? That's what I'll do, then."</p> - -<p>"Don't let his mother know he's dhrowned till afther we've saved him," -said Pat. "Then she won't care."</p> - -<p>All that time, short as it was, poor Bill lay there on his unsteady -raft, and felt more and more sorry he had been such a fool, while every -ten seconds somebody on the shore shouted to him: "Lie still, Bill. -They're a-coming."</p> - -<p>The boards did come, and three of them, side by side, on the ice, made a -bridge over which it would have been almost entirely safe to walk.</p> - -<p>"Roll over, Bill," called the crowd on shore, and Bill did roll. Any -part of it that was not rolled over was passed in a very cautious kind -of creeping.</p> - -<p>The shore was reached at last, but the first thing Bill heard, when he -stood upon his feet, was from Pat Farrel.</p> - -<p>"You've baten Mum Robbins entirely. He just run right acrass. You're the -ownly wan that dared to shtop and lie down."</p> - -<p>"He'll catch his death of cold," said Aunt Hannah. "Hurry home, William. -Your mother'll give you something warm."</p> - -<p>Bill took Aunt Hannah's advice. There were two boys who were glad to -spend that afternoon by the fire getting the chill out of their bones. -But who says there wasn't any fun the day Captain Myers's steamboat -broke up the ice on Long Lake?</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_301" id="Page_301">[Pg 301]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="THE_CANDY_PULL" id="THE_CANDY_PULL">THE CANDY PULL.</a></h2> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 640px;"> -<img src="images/ill_012.jpg" width="640" height="700" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Such lots of fun</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">The other day,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">When Tom, and Jack,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">And Maud, and May,</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">And children, till</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">The house was full,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Came trooping to</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Our candy pull.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">The tiny tots,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Who looked so sweet,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Did nothing much</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Except to eat.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">But we worked hard</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">The other day,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">We older ones,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">And thought it play.</span><br /> -</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 135px;"> -<img src="images/ill_013.jpg" width="135" height="150" alt="Drop Cap F" /> -</div> - -<p>or a frolic what can be pleasanter than a candy pull? Have you had one -yet this winter? No? Well, children, do fly to mamma, and tell her that -your Aunt Marjorie Precept has just given you the nicest bit of advice -you've ever heard from her, and that is that you shall have the fun and -uproar of a good old-fashioned time making molasses candy.</p> - -<p>If any of you have such a splendid kitchen as the one in the picture, -and can swing your kettle of New Orleans molasses over a beautiful open -fire, you will enjoy it. But you may make very nice candy indeed upon -the stove or range. Aunt Marjorie made some the other day, and how she -would have liked to send you all a bit! She took two cups of molasses -and one of brown sugar, a tea-spoonful of butter, and a table-spoonful -of vinegar. After this mixture had boiled twenty minutes, she took it -off, and poured it on a wide platter to cool. As soon as it was cool -enough to be handled, she began to pull it, first buttering her hands -that the candy might not stick to them. The more she pulled it, the -whiter it grew.</p> - -<p>How can you tell when the candy is done, do you ask? Why, just get a -saucerful of cold water and drop some into it. If the candy sets itself -into shape when dropped, it is done. The old nurse who is helping these -boys and girls has made so much candy in her time that she is quite a -veteran. She feels like smiling at Rose and Patty, who are afraid of -their hands, and she praises Master Arthur, who is pulling his piece -with such energy. People who play with their might usually work with -their might too.</p> - -<p>Sly little Hughie, who is trying with his toy cane to pull off poor -nurse's cap, does not deserve a taste of candy. As for the little boy -who is drinking out of the pitcher, and the kitties that wait so -patiently to find out whether they are to have any milk after all the -fuss, we hardly know what to think. Some cats love candy, and some boys -think a drink is much more delicious if taken in a troublesome way.</p> - -<p>If you should have a candy pull, be sure that you let everybody have a -share of the work, and when the frolic is over, think whether there is -not some little sick boy or girl, or some poor family, who have not many -pleasures, and send away a boxful of candy to these friends the next -day. I wouldn't be surprised if you should write to me in this fashion: -"Dear Aunt Marjorie,—The best part of our candy pull was the -postscript." See if you don't.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_302" id="Page_302">[Pg 302]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 337px;"> -<img src="images/ill_014.jpg" width="337" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE GOSSIPS.</span> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="OUR_POST-OFFICE_BOX" id="OUR_POST-OFFICE_BOX">OUR POST-OFFICE BOX.</a></h2> - -<p>A little Breeze crept slyly out the other day from under the wing of his -mother, the great North Wind. To his surprise he found a crowd of -Breezes and Zephyrs who had wakened an hour or two earlier than he. They -were rushing here and there, and frolicking with everything they saw. A -very pompous old gentleman with a gold-headed cane was walking down the -street, and a naughty Breeze whisked off his hat and wig. "Take care of -yourself!" said the Wind to the Breeze; "such behavior is very wrong." A -boy was carrying a kitten in a basket. He was taking it away to give it -to his aunt Mary. Presto! a Breeze whirled away his cap, and another one -peered into the basket, and out flew Miss Kittykins, and ran home as -fast as four velvet paws could carry her. The Breezes blew against the -shutters and broke the windows, and dashed around the corners, and had -the merriest time; and they are having it still. The Postmistress says -she is glad of it, for March is a jolly month, and all the while that he -is tearing about with his troop of whistling Winds and his crew of -rioting Gales he is preparing the way for the gentle maiden Spring to -come in earnest.</p> - -<p>And kite-time's here too, isn't it, boys?</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Chelsea, Massachusetts</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>We live on the bank of the Mystic River, and have a view of Bunker -Hill Monument, which is just opposite to us, on the Charlestown -side of the river. There is also on Bunker Hill a beautiful bronze -statue of Colonel Prescott. Our home is very pretty, and in the -summer we row in our boat on the river. The tide rises and falls -twice a day five or six feet. When it is low, and the rocks and -beach are bare, we find a great many star-fish. They have five -points, just like a star. The eye is in the middle. We dry them on -a board, and keep them as curiosities.</p> - -<p>We have a pair of goats. When the weather is good, they draw us in -a wagon, but now they draw a sled, which they do not like as well. -Our cow has a great deal of sense; the goats stay in the stable -with her, and when we take them out, she misses them, and moos -until they go back. Papa takes an apple to the goats, cow, and -horse nearly every morning. Sometimes when he has only one, he -gives it to the horse, for we all love that best; then you ought to -hear the old cow scold. When the weather was warm, she learned to -know that she always got an apple when she came to the library -window, so she came for one every day. When it got too cold for the -window to be raised, she stood rubbing her nose on the window -glass, and would not leave until she received her apple. One day -she came with five other cows; I think she wanted all of them to -get an apple. She would not go away until mamma threw some to a -distance, and then the procession went after them. Nelly, our -horse, eats out of our hands, and we are sure no other horse was -ever so gentle.</p> - -<p>We have twelve canaries. Mamma raised them all, besides a great -many others she has given away. Some are light, some dark; some -have crests, or top-knots. One of them looks as if her feathers -were "banged" like a little girl's hair, they fall so prettily over -her eyes. She flies to us to eat sugar from our fingers. There are -five females, who live together in one cage. We also have on the -place four dogs; two of them belong to us, the others to the -farmer. One of ours is a setter named Ring. He is very fond of the -farmer's dogs, especially of the puppy. A few days ago we called -him to the house. He brought all the other dogs with him. The older -ones followed him up the stairs, but the little pup did not know -what to make of the steps; he stood in the lower hall whining. Ring -went back to him, licked him on the face, ran up the steps again, -the little pup still whining. Ring went back to him several times. -At last he got out of patience; he made mamma open the door and let -the puppy out. The way he tells mamma he wants the door opened is -by biting the toes of her slippers, and he will not stop until she -lets him out.</p> - -<p>There is a very high hill back of our house, where we have a fine -coasting place. We have also built a snow fort, with port-holes -through which we can see our enemies coming, and pelt them with -snow-balls.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Willie H</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>We are much obliged to the lady who sent us this pleasant letter from an -absent niece, and we regret that the Wiggles arrived too late for -publication in <span class="smcap">Young People</span>:</p> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Milan, Italy</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> containing the new Wiggle arrived safely, -dear Aunt L., and created quite a sensation. I think it is meant -for a monkey's head, and would have tried to make it so, but my -animals do not, as a general thing, succeed very well. I showed the -paper to Ida Borzino, and she drew a Wiggle, which I inclose; and -which she signed "Roland." I don't suppose it makes much difference -what it is signed, but I signed mine with my own initials. I hope -we will not be too late.</p> - -<p>The other day I came across an Italian coin, a mezzo-soldo, worth -two centimes and a half, and bearing the date of 1777. As soon as I -have an opportunity I mean to send it to Lulu for her collection, -which, I am very glad to hear, is progressing.</p> - -<p>Ellie says that in the <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> she noticed that one -of the correspondents writes that his cat will eat pea-nuts, and -she would like you to be told that our cat will not only eat them, -but is fonder of them than of anything else; but as they are rather -a delicacy in this part of the globe, he does not often get an -opportunity of indulging his fancy.</p> - -<p>The Borzinos' first party comes off to-morrow, and we are looking -forward to it very much. This year they have very few, only about -six. However, I suppose that is enough dissipation for one year. -Their parties are so nice, because they are so informal, and we all -know each other so well that we always enjoy ourselves.</p> - -<p>Our drawing-class has commenced its winter season. We have called -our studio the "Temple of Art," and all the members have taken the -names of celebrated Italian painters, and we have painted our cards -with our names on to put on the studio door, and we receive on -Thursday, other days being devoted to work, and not to amusement.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Juliet L. T</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Forge, New York</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>I have a kind friend who sends me <span class="smcap">Young People</span>, and I take much -pleasure in reading it, and love to read the letters as well as any -part of the paper. I live among the Catskills, and have few -pastimes during the winter except coasting, and thus far this -winter we have not had much snow.</p> - -<p>This is a very pleasant village, and during the summer months is -crowded with boarders. If Mr. Editor or any of the young people -should come here, I would be glad to show them a very nice cat. We -call him Chub, and he will roll over when I tell him to, and knock -at the door to come in.</p> - -<p>I have a pet canary that is very tame. Mamma thinks my letter is -not worth your notice, but I hope you will have some room for it. I -think "Work for Little Fingers" will be a help for something new -for me to make for our country fair, which is held near us every -year. I have had the first premium on everything I have taken there -since I was five years old, and I am now ten.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">El. Louise. D</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>I am a little boy eight years old. I have one little sister named -Grace. We live in Philadelphia, and we often wish it was the -country which some of the little girls and boys write about, so -that we could have pets as they do.</p> - -<p>We take <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span>, and love the stories and letters. My -mamma don't know I am writing this letter. I want to surprise her -by showing it to her in the Post-office Box of the book. Don't you -think it would be splendid for me to have a little horse? Then I -could ride to our beautiful Park every day. My fingers are so tired -I must say good-by.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Horace P. F</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">New York City</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>I am going to tell you about a little bird which my sister found -one day she was coming from a visit. It was a very snowy day, and -the snow was very deep. My sister Elvira found it in front of a -large gray house. The bird was nearly covered with snow, and Elvira -could just see its little wing, which was a little above the snow. -Elvira took it up in her arms very fondly, and put it under her -warm cloak. When she brought it home to me, I was very happy to see -the little bird safe in a home. We gave it crumbs of bread to eat. -But oh! it would not eat nor drink, and it did not look happy. -Mamma told Elvira to let the bird fly out, and it would be much -happier. As soon as it was out in the free, fresh air, it clapped -its wings together with joy, and flew to a large maple-tree.</p> - -<p>I took two days to make this letter. I do not know English very -beautifully, but I can speak Spanish, and read nicely. I will soon -learn English.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Alfredo U</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">East Bethlehem, Washington County, Pennsylvania</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>I live in the country, and have taken <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> for two -or three months, and I like it ever so much, and always read the -letters in it every week. I walk a mile and a quarter to school -every morning, and back home again in the evening. We have a large -shepherd dog named Romeo. He is real playful, and he always goes -out in the fields with me to take walks; and one time when I was -out playing I found three dandelions out in bloom, on the 8th of -January, 1882, and just as bright and fresh-looking as if it were -spring. I have two dolls, named Bertha and Gertrude. I think Jimmy -Brown's stories are real funny, and I hope he will write some more -soon.</p> - -<p>This is the first time I have written to <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span>, so -please publish it, and oblige</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Cora C. W</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Gold Hill, Colorado</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>I am a little girl twelve years old. I live in the Rocky Mountains, -and weigh 115 pounds. I have taken <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> from the -first number, and like it very much. I began eight years ago to -save the pennies and dimes that were given me by the miners, and -bought a heifer with them, and now I have a cow, a two-year-old, -and a yearling. I call my cow Lillie, my two-year-old Minnie, and -my yearling Duke. I also have a pet cat and hen. I call the cat -Tiger, and the hen Daisy. If this letter is printed, I will write -again, and tell you about a four-footed thief who stole the fried -cakes in our cellar.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Mira S</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h4>THE STORY OF A RABBIT.</h4> - -<blockquote> - -<p>I am going to relate a true story of a boy and his rabbit. It was -on Staten Island, in the year 1879.</p> - -<p>I once had a middle-sized rabbit, and one day I saw a boy that I -knew passing by my house. I asked him to come and see what a nice -rabbit I had. He liked it so much that he offered me twenty-six -cents; so I sold the rabbit to him, and some bran too. The next -time that I saw him I asked him how his rabbit was, and he told me -that the very day he bought the rabbit a dog saw it, and bit its -throat so that it died instantly.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Joseph Francis W</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<p>What a shame!</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>We think our wee readers will like this story of two little girls who -gave up something they loved, to please their mamma. Of course they had -a reward:</p> - -<h4>BIRDIE AND JENNIE.</h4> - -<blockquote> - -<p>Birdie and Jennie are two sweet little children.</p> - -<p>Birdie has long light curls and soft hazel eyes, pale oval face, -and slender form. She is seven years old. Jennie, the little -sister, is chubby in face and form, has dark curls, and dark bright -eyes. Her cheeks are almost always red. She is five years old.</p> - -<p>These two little sisters are very sweet singers, and once, when -they sang to entertain company, they were presented with a pair of -white mice.</p> - -<p>These pets delighted the children, and for a time they enjoyed them -to their hearts' content; but mamma did not like white mice, and -longed to have them out of the house. Accordingly she talked to the -children, and urged them to let the treasures be sold.</p> - -<p>This was a hard request, and the little ones were reluctant to -comply.</p> - -<p>Mamma understood this, and to help them make the sacrifice she -promised to try to procure them something else in their place.</p> - -<p>Birdie and Jennie loved their mice, but they loved mamma better, -and to please her they consented to let the mice go, and tried to -do it cheerfully.</p> - -<p>It was on a Friday that the mice were taken away, and when Saturday -night came round, what should pop into the house but a cunning -little gray squirrel? This visitor made himself quite at home.</p> - -<p>The delighted children knew not how to express their joy, and -firmly believed that God sent the squirrel to them so soon, because -they had parted pleasantly with their mice.</p> - -<p>It was found that the squirrel belonged to a gentleman who lived -near by, and who said he was glad to be rid of the charge, and the -children were equally glad to have it. It is still living—a dear -little interesting pet.</p> - -<p>As Birdie and Jennie live in the city, the squirrel's coming to -them so unexpectedly was even more strange than if their home had -been in the country.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Anna D. W</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Mason, Texas</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>"Well, well, what a great thing for the children of America, and of -other countries too, is <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span>!" Such was the -exclamation<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_303" id="Page_303">[Pg 303]</a></span> uppermost in my mind after spending two or three days -in reading back numbers of this gem of a paper. Yes, two or three -days, and up some nights till twelve o'clock, reading <span class="smcap">Young People</span>, -and here I will soon be a quarter of a century old! I dropped -Carlyle, Dickens, Macaulay, and Goethe, to read this juvenile -paper, and read it not only with pleasure but <i>profit</i>. I enjoy -Jimmy Brown's letters, which are the most mirth-provoking articles -I have ever read. And here I want to give my thanks to "Jimmy" for -the many hearty laughs he has afforded me. The "Autocrat of the -Breakfast-Table" says that he "purrs very loud over a good honest -letter that says pretty things" to him; so Jimmy may "purr very -loud" now. Then, too, I like the war stories of Dr. Lossing, and -the scientific articles of Mrs. Herrick, whom I remember in -<i>Southern Review</i> times, and the good advice of Aunt Marjorie, who -gives it so wisely and kindly. And the pictures—my! Every number -is just full of good things, like a shop window. How blest are the -boys and girls of to-day! Are we grateful, boys? are you thankful, -girls? I can hear you all say, "Yes, yes."</p> - -<p>I am going to get up a collection of rare curiosities from this -Western country, and when they are ready, I will mention them among -the Exchanges. I have a little friend here, Josie B., who takes -<span class="smcap">Young People</span>, and I will invite her to help me. Mason is away out -in Western Texas, and is a little frontier town. It has a -delightful climate, and the weather Christmas week was as beautiful -as any that ever graced summer. On this January day I have had the -door open and window up, while the day without has been full of -spring. Just to show you what a charming country this is for health -and climate, I will quote from the Meteorological Report of the -United States Signal Officer of this place for the past year: "The -highest temperature during the year was on June 22, July 1, and -August 10—100° each day; the lowest temperature was on January 9, -1881—9°; yearly range of temperature, 91°. The highest wind -occurred on September 6, blowing thirty-four miles per hour from -the southeast. The total rain-fall of the year was 22.08 inches; -the greatest monthly rain-fall was during May—5.29 inches; the -least monthly rain-fall was during June—none. The prevailing wind -was from the south. There were 195 clear days, 77 fair, and 90 -cloudy. There were only twenty days when the temperature was below -freezing, and no days when it remained below all day. There were -ninety days when the temperature was above 90°. Only one bad storm -occurred during the year, on September 30, when rain fell in -torrents for thirty minutes, flooding the town." I doubt whether -any other portion of the whole country can make a better showing in -the weather record than that.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Dan M</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<p>The beginning of this sprightly letter from our Texas correspondent was -so very complimentary that we half hesitated about publishing it. Still, -it is only fair to the authors whose graceful pens are making <span class="smcap">Young -People</span> so attractive, to let them know what a generous measure of -appreciation they are winning from some "grown-ups" as well as from a -host of little folks. So, hoping to do still better in future, we let -the world see how much one of our friends thinks of our paper, including -the Post-office Box, to which he has contributed so agreeably.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h4>C. Y. P. R. U.</h4> - -<p><span class="smcap">Robert, A. C. F., and Others</span>.—The common white pigeon is the offspring -of the common pigeon, which is of various colors and markings. By -selecting only the pure white birds for breeding, and rejecting those of -other colors, a strain of blood is established in course of time, so -that the birds will breed true to color.</p> - -<p>All taxidermists make use of white pigeons, and the demand is often -greater than the supply. They are used, when set up in various -positions, as emblems of purity and hope at church fairs, Sunday-school -festivals, and by florists. For a large handler of white pigeons, -address Taxidermist, No. 199 William Street, New York city. White -pigeons are obtainable of all dealers in fancy poultry throughout the -country.</p> - -<p>Dealers complain about careless packing, and state that much higher -prices might be obtained if the game, fish, animals, and birds were -taken better care of after being caught, and not over-crowded in the -boxes, so that when exposed for sale they would look clean, fresh, and -smooth, as if just caught. Some of the largest dealers in dead game are -at Washington Market, New York city. A very excellent book on breeding -and taking care of pet stock is published by Cassell, Petter, & Galpin, -No. 596 Broadway, New York city. Much interesting and valuable -information can be found in Gibson's <i>Camp Life in the Woods; and the -Tricks of Trapping and Trap Making</i>. By <span class="smcap">W. Hamilton Gibson</span>, Author of -<i>Pastoral Days</i>. Illustrated by the Author. 12mo, cloth, $1. Published -by Harper & Brothers. This is a perfect manual for youthful hunters, and -contains hints on life out-doors in all its aspects. Shelter, food, -trapping, boat-building, bait, and, in fact, everything a boy needs to -know about the woods and their inhabitants, are considered in this book.</p> - -<p>For information about purchasing and disposing of live rabbits, -squirrels, and all cage birds, etc., etc., address Aquarium Stock, 76 -Fulton Street, New York city.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>The topaz occupies some distinction among gems. The finest varieties are -found in the Brazils, Ceylon, and the Ural Mountains, either -crystallized or in small rolled masses in the alluvium of granitic -rocks, about the size of a large nut. In color they are commonly white, -bluish or yellowish white, much water-worn, and perfect crystals are -rare. The common kinds are found in many parts of the world. A crystal -nineteen ounces in weight was discovered in the Cairngorm Mountains, in -Aberdeenshire, and some have been obtained in Cornwall and Ireland. The -topaz is rendered very electric by heat and friction; and by this -property it may be readily distinguished from a diamond or ruby, for -which otherwise, when cut and set, it might easily be mistaken.</p> - -<p>The topaz of the ancients had a green color, and is supposed to have -been our chrysolite. It was found in the island of Topazios, in the Red -Sea. "This place," says Diodorus Siculus, "was ten miles long, and -called the Island of Serpents, from the number of reptiles formerly -infesting it. The topazion here found was a transparent gem, agreeable -in aspect, resembling glass. No one was allowed to land there under pain -of death, and no boat was allowed to be kept on the island. Provisions -for the few soldiers on guard there were brought at intervals from the -continent. The gem was not discernible by day, its lustre being then -overpowered by the sun's rays, but at night it was conspicuous by its -brightness. The guards who divided the island among their patrols then -ran up, and covered the luminous spot with a vase of equal size. Next -day they would go their rounds, cut out the patch of rock thus -indicated, and deliver it to the proper person to be polished."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>We have five articles in this number to recommend to the attention of -the C. Y. P. R. U. Every little pair of hands that opens <span class="smcap">Young People</span>, -the Postmistress hopes and fancies, has two corresponding little feet -nicely incased in woven stockings without the suspicion of a hole in -them. How did the world ever come to have woven stockings? Look at the -article on our fourth page and see. Three centuries ago William Lee's -observation of the labor performed by four knitting-needles in the hands -of his patient, hard-working wife resulted in the invention of the -stocking-loom. There is no use in telling the boys to read the rest of -Mr. Payn's story. We know they have been waiting breathlessly for a week -to find out what became of Philip Ashton. They are going to take a great -interest, too, in the boy hero of the great floods, "Dad" Little. After -these good things have been read and digested, we want them to pay -particular attention to "Something about Sonatas," by Mrs. John Lillie, -and see how much it will help them in the study and appreciation of -music.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h4>YOUNG PEOPLE'S COT.</h4> - -<p>Contributions received for Young People's Cot, in Holy Innocent's Ward, -St. Mary's Free Hospital for Children, 407 West Thirty-fourth Street:</p> - -<p>Lizzie Champion, Warrenville, 25c.; Amelia Frink, Marshall, Mich., 25c.; -Dudley A. Williams, Hackensack, N. J., 50c.; John Wilson, Still Pond, -Md., 25c.; Lizzie Treadway, Cleveland, Ohio, 50c.; H. L. Ireland, -Coventryville, N. Y., 50c.; Louie Bryant, Schuyler, Neb., 25c.; Eric -Holt, New York, $1; Lillie Bahten, Piute Mountain, Cal., $1; Fannie K. -Sowall, San Antonio, Texas, 50c.; A. N. P., 25c.; Raymond Buck, 152d -St., N. Y., $1; Madge Vail, Sag Harbor, L. I., 50c.; Marshall and Harold -Wawick, Plainwell, Mich., 30c.; Louis A., Howard B., and Baby Boy, -Madison, N. J., 30c.; Bertie and Rex Dalmolen, Verona, Italy, $2: -Florence and Frankie Ward, New York, $1; Willie S., Elizabeth, N. J., -$1; total, $11.35. Previously acknowledged, $246.69; grand-total, -$258.04.</p> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">E. Augusta Fanshawe</span>, Treasurer, 43 New St.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><i>February 15</i>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<p>Can our little folks do no better than this for Young People's Cot? The -sum needed to endow the cot is $3000. There are many little suffering -children who need to be cared for in St. Mary's Free Hospital. The -subscription, you see, is growing very, very slowly. We wonder whether -some of you will not try to send an Easter offering to be reported in -this list? Could not you have a little box in the sitting-room or -nursery, and drop your pennies in it from time to time? You see, dears, -we must raise almost fifteen times what we now have before we shall -really have Young People's Cot, in St. Mary's Hospital.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h2>PUZZLES FROM YOUNG CONTRIBUTORS.</h2> - -<h3>No. 1.</h3> - -<h3>TWO DROP-LETTER PUZZLES.</h3> - -<p>1. —t— —n—l— — —n—t— —t— —o—s— —b— —y— — —d.</p> - -<p>2. — —n— —a— —s—a—e— — —h— —o— —.</p> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Nell</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>No. 2.</h3> - -<h3>GEOGRAPHICAL PUZZLE.</h3> - -<p>One morning I was awakened by the (county of Illinois) telling me that -my cousin (a river of Virginia) was waiting for me at the gate. I rose, -dressed, went out, and met my cousin with a (city of Arkansas) in his -hand, which he was about to hurl at what he thought was a (lake in North -America). Just as he threw it I saw Mr. (a city in Indiana) with a -(river in Dakota) gun. The (lake in North America) turned out to be a -(river in Dakota) cow. After this adventure we went to our homes, which -are on (a celebrated philosopher) street, in (a small town of Illinois).</p> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">L. Whitlock</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>No. 3.</h3> - -<h3>A CONCEALED WORD SQUARE.</h3> - -<p>We were striving to believe Robert when he said the Muse refused to hold -forth her sceptre every time.</p> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">William A. Lewis</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>No. 4.</h3> - -<h3>A RIDDLE.</h3> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">In height and depth, in heaven and hell,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">In ocean, and in earth I dwell;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">The first of each, and the last of one,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">And yet I can be found in none.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Though evil with me must begin,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">I am in error, and not in sin.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">The first in enterprise to lead,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">I never fail in strength and speed.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Yet always found in bed and weak,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">I can not stand alone. I speak</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">The end at once of peace and strife,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Am present both in death and life.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">My common help to foe and friend</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">In silence and in speech I lend,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">And still an equal place I have</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">In both the cradle and the grave.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">In short, where time is I must be,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">And space will terminate with me.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Indie</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h2>ANSWERS TO PUZZLES IN No. 120.</h2> - -<h3>No. 1.</h3> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center">T</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center">C</td><td align="center">O</td><td align="center">B</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center">P</td><td align="center">A</td><td align="center">L</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">D</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center">C</td><td align="center">A</td><td align="center">T</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">R</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">R</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">T</td><td align="center">O</td><td align="center">L</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">R</td><td align="center">A</td><td align="center">T</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">D</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center">B</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">R</td><td align="center">A</td><td align="center">T</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">S</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center">D</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">T</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">R</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center">R</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">S</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center">D</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<h3>No. 2.</h3> - -<p class="center">Powder.</p> - -<h3>No. 3.</h3> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="center">B</td><td align="center">uyin</td><td align="center">G</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">R</td><td align="center">obbe</td><td align="center">R</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">I</td><td align="center">ndig</td><td align="center">O</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">D</td><td align="center">omin</td><td align="center">O</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">stee</td><td align="center">M</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<h3>No. 4.</h3> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="center">P</td><td align="center">A</td><td align="center">R</td><td align="center">I</td><td align="center">S</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">A</td><td align="center">S</td><td align="center">I</td><td align="center">D</td><td align="center">E</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">R</td><td align="center">I</td><td align="center">F</td><td align="center">L</td><td align="center">E</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">I</td><td align="center">D</td><td align="center">L</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">R</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">S</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">R</td><td align="center">S</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<h3>No. 5.</h3> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="center">F</td><td align="center">O</td><td align="center">R</td><td align="center">B</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">A</td><td align="center">R</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">O</td><td align="center">R</td><td align="center">I</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">N</td><td align="center">T</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">R</td><td align="center">I</td><td align="center">G</td><td align="center">I</td><td align="center">D</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">B</td><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">I</td><td align="center">N</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">E</td><td align="center">N</td><td align="center">D</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">A</td><td align="center">T</td></tr> -<tr><td align="center">R</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>Correct answers to puzzles have been received from George and Bud, W. B. -Gordon, Ella Chirney, Kittie Lewis, Willie Volckhausen, Cliff Woodruff, -William Lewis, Milton D. Close, Edwin S. Hippey, Laura G., Harry W. -Davis, Blanche P. Heywood, L. E. Williams, Agnes G. Fletcher, John C. -Myers, "<i>Alma</i>," A. H. Nevins, <i>Hattie Lehman</i>, Alice O. Quackenbos, -<i>Charles B. Semple</i>, Mamie Cunningham, Annie I. Brown, G. W., Malcolm -Gates, Alfred G. Dale, Ernest R. Smith, Fred Niver, C. Alexina -Delafolie, Giles Dow, Carrie W. Rappold, "Askelon," <i>Laura Gibbs</i>, Henry -Berlan, Jun., and "Lady Clare."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p class="center">[<i>For Exchanges, see, 2d and 3d pages of cover.</i>]</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_304" id="Page_304">[Pg 304]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_015.jpg" width="500" height="413" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">"WE AIN'T AFRAID, 'CAUSE WE CAN SWIM."</span> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="BOUQUETAIRE_A_NEW_GAME" id="BOUQUETAIRE_A_NEW_GAME">BOUQUETAIRE—A NEW GAME.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY G. B. BARTLETT.</h3> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;"> -<img src="images/ill_016.jpg" width="300" height="210" alt="" /> -<span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig</span>. 1.</span> -</div> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;"> -<img src="images/ill_017.jpg" width="300" height="208" alt="" /> -<span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig</span>. 2.</span> -</div> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 227px;"> -<img src="images/ill_018.jpg" width="227" height="300" alt="" /> -<span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig</span>. 3.</span> -</div> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 115px;"> -<img src="images/ill_019.jpg" width="115" height="300" alt="" /> -<span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig</span>. 4.</span> -</div> - -<p>This new and interesting game requires a little preparation, which forms -part of the fun. It is either made up of contributions from all the -players, each of whom brings three presents, or all the gifts are -furnished by the lady of the house. These gifts should consist of a -great variety of useful, ornamental, graceful, and funny articles, such -as toys, fans, dolls of small size, boxes of candy of odd shapes, books, -small articles of jewelry, china, and bric-a-brac.</p> - -<p>The smaller articles should be inclosed in boxes, or many wraps of -paper, so that all may be nearly alike in size. They are all done up -separately, each in a floral envelope, and are tastefully arranged in an -open flat box or basket, which, when full, presents the appearance of a -pyramid of flowers.</p> - -<p>Great taste may be displayed in making these petals, as the envelopes -are called, for which these simple directions may be followed, with such -variations as practice may suggest: Take a dozen sheets of tissue-paper, -comprising as many colors as possible, fold them together in the middle, -fold in each corner in the shape of a pyramid (see Fig. 1); then double -it twice (see Figs. 2 and 3); cut a piece out of the top of this in the -shape of the letter V (see Fig. 4), and crimp up each sheet in the hand -as fine as possible. Mix up these colors according to taste, as the -petals may be of several shades or all of one color. Place the presents -inside of these papers, and twist them twice around, and spread the -petals in various ways.</p> - -<p>A very little practice will enable children to make successful -imitations of gay flowers. The number of these gifts depends upon the -number of players, and there should be at least three times as many -presents as persons. For each gift there should be one white and one red -card, the latter being distributed equally among the players, and the -former placed in a box on the table. The white cards are then -distributed among the players equally. Each one writes one question on -each, or some quotation which refers in some way to a plant, vegetable, -tree, or flower, the name of which is at the same time written on the -red card. The lines on the white card may be botanical, humorous, or -sentimental, and, if possible, should end in rhyme with the name on the -red card; and to prevent mistakes, a number is affixed to the white and -red cards in case there should happen to be two rhyming, one only being -the correct answer. The red cards are then shaken up in a hat, and each -player takes out his proportion.</p> - -<p>The white cards are then piled one on another, so that only the upper -one is visible, and a player is selected to read them. All listen to the -reading, each intent to see if he has the correct answer on his card, -and if so, he is entitled to the present, which is selected at random by -a little girl, who takes it from the pyramid, and holds it above her -head during the reading, and carries it to the successful one when -directed by the reader.</p> - -<p>If any player gives the wrong answer, he is obliged to give up all his -presents already taken to the one who holds the correct one, which is -determined by the number in case of doubt.</p> - -<p>No one, therefore, is allowed to open the gift until the reading is -over.</p> - -<p>If played at a club or sociable, it is well to have a ring or some -valuable gift, the penalty of finding which is that its lucky owner -shall be compelled to give the next party, and prepare the presents.</p> - -<p>A few specimens are given of the rhymes, which are wholly impromptu, and -of the simplest kind, such as can be written in a minute by young -people:</p> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 15em;">Sweet and lovely, blushing cause</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 15em;">Of the cruelest of wars;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 15em;">In spite of thorns, no flower that grows</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 15em;">Excels the fair and fragrant [rose].</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 15em;">In purity and peace I climb</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 15em;">From dankest depths of mud and slime,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 15em;">To show that it is always silly</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 15em;">From whence it comes to judge a [lily].</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 15em;">My first is Hansom, next is old.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 15em;">My whole is good when boiled or cold.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 15em;">To solve this you must be a Babbage,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 15em;">And your head must not be a [cabbage].</span><br /> -</p> - -<p>If preferred, in order to give variety, the botanical classification or -description may be given, either in prose or verse, or any curious fact -or habit of the plant.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>A CAMEL-RACE.</h3> - -<p>A strange race took place not long ago in Australia. A troop of eighteen -camels, laden with merchandise, arrived at Thargomindah. Some of the -enterprising townsmen arranged for a race between five of the fleetest -of the "ships of the desert." It cost a great deal of trouble to get an -even start, but it was finally done. The camel ridden by a man named -Bond made all the running, and won in "a canter." One of the "ships" is -reported to have lain down at the back of the course, and "his steering -gear getting out of order," he could not be piloted straight afterward.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 466px;"> -<img src="images/ill_020.jpg" width="466" height="500" alt="" /> -<span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Ingenious but awe-inspiring Device of the Boys to make -the Head of their Snow Man nod, which almost drove Bridget into a Fit</span>.</span> -</div> - -<p style="clear:both;"> </p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> Begun in No. 101, <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span>.</p></div></div> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, March 7, 1882, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, MARCH 7, 1882 *** - -***** This file should be named 54625-h.htm or 54625-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/4/6/2/54625/ - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, -set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to -copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to -protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project -Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you -charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you -do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the -rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose -such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and -research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do -practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is -subject to the trademark license, especially commercial -redistribution. - - - -*** START: FULL LICENSE *** - -THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE -PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK - -To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free -distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work -(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project -Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at -http://gutenberg.org/license). - - -Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works - -1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to -and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property -(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all -the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy -all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. -If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the -terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or -entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. - -1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be -used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who -agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few -things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See -paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement -and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. See paragraph 1.E below. - -1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" -or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the -collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an -individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are -located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from -copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative -works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg -are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project -Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by -freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of -this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with -the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by -keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project -Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. - -1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern -what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in -a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check -the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement -before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or -creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project -Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning -the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United -States. - -1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: - -1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate -access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently -whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the -phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project -Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, -copied or distributed: - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - -1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived -from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is -posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied -and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees -or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work -with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the -work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 -through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the -Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or -1.E.9. - -1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted -with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution -must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional -terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked -to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the -permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. - -1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this -work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. - -1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this -electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without -prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with -active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project -Gutenberg-tm License. - -1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, -compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any -word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or -distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than -"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version -posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), -you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a -copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon -request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other -form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. - -1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, -performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works -unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing -access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided -that - -- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from - the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method - you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is - owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he - has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the - Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments - must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you - prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax - returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and - sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the - address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to - the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." - -- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies - you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he - does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm - License. You must require such a user to return or - destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium - and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of - Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any - money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the - electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days - of receipt of the work. - -- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free - distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set -forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from -both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael -Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the -Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. - -1.F. - -1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable -effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread -public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm -collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain -"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or -corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual -property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a -computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by -your equipment. - -1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right -of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project -Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all -liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal -fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT -LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE -PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE -TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE -LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR -INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH -DAMAGE. - -1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a -defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can -receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a -written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you -received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with -your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with -the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a -refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity -providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to -receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy -is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further -opportunities to fix the problem. - -1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth -in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER -WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO -WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. - -1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied -warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. -If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the -law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be -interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by -the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any -provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. - -1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the -trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone -providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance -with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, -promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, -harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, -that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do -or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm -work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any -Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. - - -Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm - -Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of -electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers -including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists -because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from -people in all walks of life. - -Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the -assistance they need, are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's -goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will -remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure -and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. -To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation -and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 -and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org. - - -Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive -Foundation - -The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit -501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the -state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal -Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification -number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at -http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent -permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. - -The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. -Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered -throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at -809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email -business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact -information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official -page at http://pglaf.org - -For additional contact information: - Dr. Gregory B. Newby - Chief Executive and Director - gbnewby@pglaf.org - - -Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation - -Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide -spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of -increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be -freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest -array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations -($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt -status with the IRS. - -The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating -charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United -States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a -considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up -with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations -where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To -SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any -particular state visit http://pglaf.org - -While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we -have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition -against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who -approach us with offers to donate. - -International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make -any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from -outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. - -Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation -methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other -ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. -To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate - - -Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. - -Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm -concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared -with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project -Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. - - -Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed -editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. -unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily -keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. - - -Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: - - http://www.gutenberg.org - -This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. - - -</pre> - -</body> -</html> diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_001.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_001.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index a0e6c32..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_001.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_002.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_002.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index afb3a1a..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_002.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_003.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_003.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 300f8ee..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_003.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_004.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_004.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 7b29529..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_004.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_005.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_005.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 24fdda8..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_005.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_006.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_006.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index a063ea4..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_006.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_007.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_007.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 9b1b7d8..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_007.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_008.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_008.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 1a8f021..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_008.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_009.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_009.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index b50ec16..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_009.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_010.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_010.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 32c1cf9..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_010.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_011.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_011.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 6979c78..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_011.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_012.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_012.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index ea8188c..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_012.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_013.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_013.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index ba8c999..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_013.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_014.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_014.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index c30f616..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_014.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_015.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_015.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 035c5b0..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_015.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_016.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_016.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 49d0e94..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_016.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_017.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_017.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 4b186c7..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_017.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_018.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_018.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index b0fa429..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_018.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_019.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_019.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 93c2ce5..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_019.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/54625-h/images/ill_020.jpg b/old/54625-h/images/ill_020.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 70d12bf..0000000 --- a/old/54625-h/images/ill_020.jpg +++ /dev/null |
