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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Irish Penny Journal, Vol. 1 No. 12,
-September 19, 1840, by Various
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: The Irish Penny Journal, Vol. 1 No. 12, September 19, 1840
-
-Author: Various
-
-Release Date: February 19, 2017 [EBook #54209]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK IRISH PENNY JOURNAL, SEPT 19, 1840 ***
-
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-
-Produced by Brownfox and the Online Distributed Proofreading
-Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from
-images generously made available by JSTOR www.jstor.org)
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-
-                        THE IRISH PENNY JOURNAL.
-
-      NUMBER 12.      SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1840.      VOLUME I.
-
-[Illustration: THE TOWN OF ANTRIM.]
-
-Travellers whose only knowledge of our towns is that derived in passing
-through the principal street or streets, will be very apt to form an
-erroneous estimate of the amount of picturesque beauty which they often
-possess, and which is rarely seen save by those who go out of their way
-expressly to look for it. This is particularly the case in our smaller
-towns, in which the principal thoroughfare has usually a stiff and formal
-character, the entrance on either side being generally a range of mud
-cabins, which, gradually improving in appearance, merge at length into
-houses of a better description, with a public building or two towards
-the centre of the town. In these characteristics the highway of one town
-is only a repetition of that of another, and in such there is rarely any
-combination of picturesque lines or striking features to create a present
-interest in the mind, or leave a pleasurable impression on the memory.
-Yet in most instances, if we visit the suburbs of these towns, and more
-particularly if they happen, as is usually the case, to be placed upon
-a river, and we get down to the river banks, we shall most probably be
-surprised and gratified at the picturesque combinations of forms, and the
-delightful variety of effects, presented to us in the varied outline of
-their buildings, contrasted by intervening masses of dark foliage, and
-the whole reflected on the tranquil surface of the water, broken only by
-the enlivening effect of those silvery streaks of light produced by the
-eddies and currents of the stream.
-
-Our prefixed view of the town of Antrim may be taken as an illustration
-of the preceding remarks. As seen by the passing traveller, the town
-appears situated on a rich, open, but comparatively uninteresting plain,
-terminating the well-cultivated vale of the Six-mile-water towards the
-flat shore of Loch Neagh; and with the exception of its very handsome
-church and castellated entrance into Lord Ferrard’s adjoining demesne,
-has little or no attraction; but viewed in connection with its river,
-Antrim appears eminently picturesque from several points as well as from
-that selected for our view--the prospect of the town looking from the
-deer-park of Lord Massarene.
-
-In front, the Six-mile-water river flowing placidly over a broad gravelly
-bed, makes a very imposing appearance, not much inferior to that of the
-Liffey at Island-bridge. The expanse of water at this point, however,
-forms a contrast to the general appearance of the stream, which, although
-it brings down a considerable body of water, flows in many parts of its
-course between banks of not more than twenty feet asunder. The vale
-which it waters is one of the most productive districts of the county,
-and towards Antrim is adorned by numerous handsome residences rising
-among the enlivening scenery of bleach-greens, for which manufacture
-it affords a copious water-power. Scenes of this description impart a
-peculiar beauty to landscapes in the north of Ireland. The linen webs of
-a snowy whiteness, spread on green closely-shaven lawns sloping to the
-sun, and generally bounded by a sparkling outline of running water, have
-a delightfully _fresh_ and cheerful effect, seen as they usually are with
-their concomitants of well-built factories and handsome mansions; and in
-scenery of this description the neighbourhood of Antrim is peculiarly
-rich. The Six-mile-water has also its own attraction for the antiquary,
-being the _Ollarbha_ of our ancient Irish poems and romances, and flowing
-within a short distance of the ancient fortress of Rathmore of Moylinny,
-a structure which boasts an antiquity of upwards of 1700 years.
-
-In our view the river appears crossed by a bridge, which through the
-upper limbs of its lofty arches affords a pretty prospect of the river
-bank beyond. In building a bridge in the same place, a modern county
-surveyor would probably erect a less picturesque but more economical
-structure, for the arches here are so lofty, that the river, to occupy
-the whole space they afford for its passage, must rise to a height that
-would carry its waters into an entirely new channel.
-
-But the principal feature in our prospect is the church, the tower and
-steeple of which are on so respectable a scale, and of such excellent
-proportions, as to render it a very pleasing object as seen from any
-quarter or approach of the town. It would be difficult to say in what the
-true proportions of a spire consist, whether in its obvious and practical
-utility as a penthouse roofing the tower, or in its emblematic aptitude
-aspiring to and pointing towards heaven. Still, every cultivated eye will
-remark how much more dignified and imposing is the effect of a spire
-which is only moderately lofty, as compared with the breadth of its base,
-than that of one which is extremely slender. We would point out the spire
-of St Patrick’s Cathedral, for example, or that before us, on a smaller
-scale, as instances of the former sort. Any one acquainted with the
-proportions of those attenuated pinnacles which we so often find perched
-on the roofs of churches erected within the last ten years, cannot be
-at a loss for examples of the latter. The church itself at Antrim is,
-however, rather defective in point of size, as compared with its nobly
-proportioned tower and spire.
-
-The suburb of the town, on this side of the bridge, runs up to the
-demesne wall of Lord Ferrard’s residence, Antrim Castle, an antique
-castellated mansion, seated boldly over the river in a small park laid
-out in the taste of Louis XIV., from the terraced walks and stately
-avenues of which there are many beautiful views of the surrounding
-scenery.
-
-In point of historical interest, there are but two events connected with
-Antrim worthy of any particular note--the defeat of the insurgents here
-in the rebellion of 1798, on which occasion the late Earl O’Neill lost
-his life; and a great battle between the English and native Irish, in the
-reign of Edward III., hitherto little spoken of in history, but forming
-one in a series of events which exercised a great influence over the
-destinies of this country.
-
-Very soon after the first invasion of Ulster by John de Courcy, the
-English power was established not only throughout the counties of
-Down and Antrim, but even over a large portion of the present county
-of Londonderry, then called the county of Coleraine. We find sheriffs
-regularly appointed for these counties, and the laws duly administered,
-down to the time of Edward III. The native Irish, who had been pushed out
-by the advance of this early tide of civilization, took up their abode
-west of the Bann, and in the hilly county of Tyrone, from whence they
-watched the proceedings of their invaders, and, as opportunities from
-time to time presented themselves, crossed the intervening river and
-“preyed” the English country. The district around Antrim was from its
-situation the one chiefly exposed to these incursions, and the duty of
-defending it mainly devolved on the powerful sept of the Savages, who at
-that time had extensive possessions in the midland districts of Antrim,
-as well as in Down.
-
-The most formidable of these incursions was that which took place
-immediately after the murder of William de Burgho, Earl of Ulster, who
-was assassinated by some malcontent English at the fords of Belfast, A.
-D. 1333. The earl had been a strenuous asserter of the English law, and
-had rendered himself obnoxious to the turbulent nobles of the country by
-the severity with which he prohibited their adoption of Irish customs,
-which, strange to say, had always great charms for the feudal lords of
-the English pale, arising probably from the greater facilities which
-the Brehon law afforded for exacting exorbitant rents and services from
-their tenants. The immediate object of the assassins of the earl was to
-prevent him carrying the full rigour of the law into operation against
-one of his own _hibernicised_ kinsmen; but the ultimate consequences of
-their act were felt throughout all Ireland for two centuries after. For
-the Irish, taking advantage of the consternation attendant on the death
-of the chief officer of the crown in that province, crossed the Bann
-in unexampled numbers, and after a protracted struggle, in which they
-were joined by some of the degenerate English, succeeded at length in
-recovering the whole of the territory conquered by De Courcy, with the
-exception only of Carrickfergus in Antrim, and a portion of the county
-of Down, which the Savages with difficulty succeeded in holding after
-being expelled from their former possessions at the point of the sword.
-It was during this struggle that the battle to which we have alluded was
-fought at Antrim. The story is told at considerable length and with much
-quaintness by Hollinshed; but want of space obliges us to present it to
-our readers in the more concise though still very characteristic language
-of Cox:--
-
-“About this time lived Sir Robert Savage, a very considerable gentleman
-in Ulster, who began to fortifie his house with strong walls and
-bulwarks; but his son derided his father’s prudence and caution,
-affirming that “a castle of _bones_ was better than a castle of
-_stones_,” and thereupon the old gentleman put a stop to his building.
-It happened that this brave man with his neighbours and followers were
-to set out against a numerous rabble of Irish that had made incursions
-into their territories, and he gave orders to provide plenty of good
-cheer against his return; but one of the company reproved him for doing
-so, alleging that he could not tell but the enemy might eat what he
-should provide; to which the valiant old gentleman replied, that he hoped
-better from their courage, but that if it should happen that his very
-enemies should come to his house, ‘he should be ashamed if they should
-find it void of good cheer.’ The event was suitable to the bravery of the
-undertaking: old Savage had the killing of three thousand of the Irish
-near Antrim, and returned home joyfully to supper.”
-
-Sir Henry Savage’s “castles of bones” were found insufficient in the end
-to resist the multitudes of the Irish; and the English colonists, as we
-have mentioned, notwithstanding their victory at Antrim, were finally
-obliged to cede the valley of the Six-mile-water to the victorious arms
-of the Clan-Hugh-Buide, whose representative, the present Earl O’Neill,
-still holds large possessions in the territory thus recovered by his
-ancestors.
-
-With respect to the origin of the place, there is little to be said
-beyond the fact, that, like that of most of our provincial towns, it
-was ecclesiastical. The only remnant of the ancient foundation is the
-round tower, which still stands in excellent preservation about half a
-mile north of the town. The name is properly “Aen-druim” signifying “the
-single hill,” or “one mount.”
-
-
-
-
-A CHAPTER ON CURS.
-
-
-Without doubt I am a benevolent character: the grudge gratuitous to
-my nature is unknown: I never take offence where no offence is given.
-Hence, on most animals I look with complacency--for most animals never
-intermeddle with my comfort--and on only a few with antipathy, for only
-a few so behave as to excite it. High up on the list of the latter--I
-was going to say at the very top, but that pestering, pertinacious fly
-impudently alighting, through pure mischief alone, on the tickle-tortured
-tip of--but he’s gone--no, he’s back--there now I have him under my hat
-at last--tut! he’s out again under the rim--up with the window and away
-with him! At the head, then, ay, at the very head--how my grievances come
-crowding on my brain!--I unhesitatingly place that thrice-confounded
-breed of curs, colleys, mongrels, or whatever else they may be called,
-with which the rural regions of this therein much-afflicted country are
-infested. The milk of my humanity--yea, I may say the cream, for such
-it was with me--has in respect to them been changed to very gall--an
-unmitigable hostility has possessed me, which--did not the scars of
-the wofully-remembered salting, scrubbing, scarifying, and frying (to
-say nothing of two months’ maintenance of an hospital establishment of
-poultices and plasters), to which my better leg was twice submitted,
-counsel me to mingle discretion with my ire--would absolutely make me
-turn Don Quixote for their extirpation.
-
-Let flighty philosophers frolic as they list with the flimsy phantasies
-no optics save their own can spy--let political economists prate about
-public problems, till other people’s pates are nearly as addled as their
-own--let flaming patriots propound and placid placemen promise this,
-that, and t’other, as grievous burdens or great concessions; but let men
-of sense give heed to things of substance--let them exclaim with me,
-“Out upon all abstract gammon--out upon all squabbling about what we can
-only hear, but neither see nor feel, taste nor smell--bodily boons--real
-redress--and first and foremost, ‘to the lamp-post’ with the curs!” I
-have suffered more at their teeth, both in blood and broad-cloth, than
-all the benefactions I have ever received at the hands of any government
-would balance. The inviolable independence of British subjects, forsooth!
-the parental guardianship of the constitution, the security for life
-and person--faugh!--away with the big inanities, so long as a peaceful
-pedestrian cannot take an airing along a highway, much less adventure
-on a devious ramble, without exposing person and personalities to the
-cruel mercies of a tribe of half-starved tykes issuing from every cabin,
-scrambling over every half-door, and almost throttling themselves in
-their emulous ambition to be the first to tatter the ill-starred wight
-who has stumbled on their haunts. Let no one urge in their behalf
-that they are faithful to the misguided men who own them: so much the
-worse, since in their small system, fidelity to one must needs manifest
-itself in malice, hatred, and uncharitableness to every creature else,
-dead or alive. No, there is no redeeming trait--they are _curs_,
-essentially biting, barking, cantankrous, crabbed, sneaking, snarling,
-treacherous, bullying, cowardly _curs_, and nothing else. This, under all
-circumstances, I undertake to maintain against all gainsayers, though
-at the same time I am free to confess that I write under considerable
-excitement, having just returned from the country (whither--besotted
-mortal not to be content with the flag way of a street, and the scenery
-of brick and mortar--I had repaired, forsooth, for air, exercise, and
-rural sketching) with a couple of new coats, to say nothing of trousers,
-curtailed beyond recovery, a bandaged shin smarting beyond description,
-and a host of horrid hydrophobic forebodings consequent thereon. It
-chanced that in an evil hour I made an engagement with an ailing friend,
-whose house was situate in what I may emphatically term a most _canine_
-locality, which constrained me to make several calls upon him. Unhappily
-it was only approachable by one road, the sides of which were here and
-there dotted with a clutch of cabins, in each of which was maintained a
-standing force of the aforesaid pests. This ambushed defile, about three
-miles in length, dire necessity compelled me to traverse thrice, and
-never did general more considerately undertake a march through a hostile
-country, or an enemy more vigilantly guard a pass therein, than did I
-and they respectively. On each and all of these occasions have I debated
-with myself whether I should not fetch a secure though sinuous compass
-through the fields, even with the addition of a few miles and other
-discomforts to my walk; but as often--with honest, though, as I look upon
-my leg, with melancholy pride I write it--did my pluck preserve me from
-so disgraceful a detour. What! my indignant manhood would exclaim, shall
-I, one of the lords of the creation--shall I, who have dared and have
-accomplished so and so--recalling some of my most notable exploits by
-flood and field, in crossing the Channel and cantering in the Park--shall
-I, one of her majesty’s liege subjects, a grand jury cess-payer and a
-freeholder to boot, be driven from the highway which I pay to support,
-and obliged to skulk like a criminal from view, scramble over walls and
-splutter through swamps, daub my boots, rend mayhap my tights, and risk
-other contingencies, and all by reason of such vile scrubs? No, perish
-the thought!--though their name be Legion, and their nature impish, I
-will face them, ay, and write the fear of me upon their hides too, if
-they dare molest me--that I will. Thus spoke the man within me, as I
-fiercely griped my cane; and if, as I cooled, an occasional shrinking of
-the calves of my legs in fancied supposition of a tooth inserted therein,
-betokened aught like quailing, I recalled Marlborough’s saying on the
-eve of battle, “How this little body trembles at what this great soul is
-about to perform!” and felt that I too was exemplifying that loftiest
-courage in which the infirmity of the flesh succumbs to the vigour of the
-spirit.
-
-Decided by some such discipline to run the gauntlet, and in a state of
-temper alternating between war and peace, inclining, as I remarked,
-strange contradiction! to the former when the latter was in prospect, and
-to the latter when the former, I proceeded in guarded vigilance. “Hope
-deferred maketh the heart sick,” no doubt, but in my case evil deferred
-doth oftentimes as much. The substantial presence of danger for me,
-before its fearful imminence--the real onset of a canine crew, before the
-terrible suspense of passing the open den in which haply they lay wait,
-the shrill gamut of attack splitting your ear worse in apprehension than
-in action. But attention! yonder is the first position. Egad! I’m in luck
-to-day; the coast seems clear, and--the pacific now prevails amain--poor
-devils, I won’t make any ruction.
-
-    “Ever follow peace
-    If you’d live at ease,”
-
-saith the tuneful proverb, and I’ll pass inoffensively if I can. Ay,
-i’faith, I may well say _if I can_, for if my eyes are worth a turnip,
-yonder is an outpost stretched before that sty. No, I’m wrong, it is a
-young pig--worthy little fellow, would I had the craft of Circe to change
-every cur in the land into your similitude! A grunt before a snarl, a
-snore before a snap any day. But what am I gabbling about?--there is
-evil at hand indeed, for yonder is a lurching devil squatted behind
-that stone, and no mistake. But softly: he seems asleep, and I may
-perchance steal past unnoticed--about as probable, my present experience
-assures me, as that you could ring my well-bred friend Piggie without
-an acknowledgment--he is sole sentry, and if I can but bilk him, I’ll
-do. Vain hope--he is waking, he is giving a preparatory stretch to his
-limbs and to his jaws, and, miserable sinner that I am! I’m in for it.
-But there is yet a single chance--I’ll try the magic of the human eye:
-there is wonder-working majesty, they say, in it. Did I not myself see
-Van Amburgh’s brutes blench before it?--am not I too a man?--ay, and
-I’ll let them see it. Whereupon, with the most astounding corrugation
-of my brows I could accomplish, I fixed my grim regards upon the cur,
-expecting to see him sneak in awe away as I drew nigh. But, alas! for
-the majesty of man, in a pinch like this let me tell him it is but a
-sorry safeguard--the veriest whelp in the land will bandy surly looks,
-and haply something worse, in its despite: a cudgel or a “hardy,” I now
-say, on such an emergency, before the most confounding countenance that
-ever frowned beneath a diadem. The foe, then, recking but little my
-display of the tremendous, gave a fierce alarm, while in the vehemence
-of his wrath he described three circles, his hind legs being the centre,
-which brought the whole posse of aids and abettors fast and furious into
-view. And now commenced the fray in earnest: beleaguered on every side,
-my blood, not to speak boastfully, rose with the great occasion: my
-tongue gave vigorous utterance to my fury, and my cane swept gallantly
-from right to left and from left to right, though from the wariness
-with which, ’mid all their fuss and clamour, the war was waged by my
-assailants, it was but seldom that a shrill yelp piercing through the
-din announced its collision with flesh and blood. Never was man more
-thoroughly put to it. As I made a dash forward upon one, my unprotected
-rear was promptly invested by another: my only security lay in the
-rapidity of my evolutions, and considering I am a man five feet five
-in height and fifteen stone in weight, I fairly take credit to myself
-for performances in this line, which poor Joe Grimaldi himself were he
-alive could not eclipse. But a man’s sinews are not of steel, nor are
-his lungs as tough as a pair of bellows, and under my extraordinary
-exertions I speedily began to think of vacating a field whereon nothing
-but a barren display of prowess without satisfaction was to be reaped.
-Accordingly, all my craft in strategy was put in practice, and by a
-most dexterous combination of manœuvres--now advancing, now receding,
-now stooping _as if_ to seize a stone (incomparable among expedients in
-canine encounters), for the road here of course was as bare of them as a
-barn-floor, and now feigning to fling it--I at length contrived to draw
-the battle from their own ground, and their pugnacity being inversely
-as their distance from home, had the relief, for by this time I was
-blowing like a grampus, of seeing them retire in detachments, giving
-volleys in token of triumph and defiance so long as I remained in view.
-This brisk affair concluded with the loss only of a mouthful or two of
-my coat-tails, and the gain of a few trifling transparencies in the
-legs of my trousers--thank my boots, I have not to add in those of my
-person--I proceeded to the scene of my next “passage at arms,” about half
-a mile off. So ruffled was I that at first, after a few score peghs and
-puffs restorative, I bustled bravely on, desiring nothing so much as an
-opportunity of wreaking my wrath on some of the odious race, to which
-purpose I providently deposited a few pretty pebbles in my pocket.
-
-But I am pre-eminently a reasoning man, in whom the reign of passion is
-but brief, and discretion had so far recovered its rightful ascendency
-as I drew nigh the next “picket,” that I began to think it more prudent,
-more benevolent I mean, to bottle up, or repress I should say, my
-indignation, and try what the “gentle charities,” a benign demeanour and
-a pleasant salutation, might avail in the way of securing a peaceful
-transit. With this aim I threw a prodigious amount of amiability (if
-somewhat more than I felt, Heaven forgive the hypocrisy) into my
-countenance, and accompanied a few familiar fillips of my finger with a
-most honied, and, as I thought, captivating phraseology of address, to
-a sinister-faced wretch who lay recumbent on the nearest threshold. But
-it would not do: up bounced the vile ingrate with obstreperous bay; his
-myrmidons were forthcoming on the instant, and in a jiffey I, a grave,
-reserved, and middle-aged man, a short, stout, and not very well-winded
-man, was in the melée once more, yerking my heels out fore and aft,
-whacking right and left, puffing, blowing, and altogether cutting such
-uncouth capers as verily it shames me now to think upon. Whether or
-not it was that my resentment, and proportionably thereto my prowess,
-were aggravated by the flagrant ingratitude displayed, I distributed
-my “dissuaders” on this occasion with such distinguished emphasis as
-well as science, as speedily to create a considerable diversion in my
-favour, and make more than one repentant sinner yelp out “devil take the
-hindmost,” in such vigorous style as to bring a bevy of grandam fogies
-in wrath from their chimney corners. “An what are yees abusin’ the poor
-craythurs for, that wouldn’t harm nobody in the world at all at all,
-barrin’ a pig or so? It’s a wonder yees been’t ashamed to treat the poor
-dumb (!) brutes that way, that niver did an ill hand’s turn to us nor one
-belonging to us, an’ it’s longer we’re acquaint with them than you. Come
-here, Trig--come here, Daisy--in there, Snap--down there, Peerie,” and so
-forth. Recrimination on such opponents was out of the question; and this
-brush over in rather creditable style, I made all speed from the united
-clamour of the offended crones and their injured innocents.
-
-The next sore point I happily passed in the company of an iron-nerved,
-long-thonged carman, whom I providently engaged in conversation at the
-crisis. This fellow minded them no more than if they had been so many
-sods of turf, nor in truth did they, having probably tasted erewhile the
-crusty quality of such a customer, pay much regard to him, although not
-a few ill-favoured glances were cast askew at my poor self, as under his
-lee I stoutly stumped along; and some ill-suppressed growls and spiteful
-grins gave me to understand that I owed my safety solely to my company. A
-jolly beggarman--alack-a-day! that I should ever stand in need of such a
-convoy--to whose nimble fictions I gave ear for the nonce with singular
-philanthropy, was my next protector, and a sixpence paid for the safe
-conduct, at which rate I am pretty confident, had he seen how matters
-lay, he would have offered to trudge it at my elbow far enough, for the
-sturdy rogue cared not a snuff for them had they been twice as numerous;
-and in a few seconds after, I saw him with a flourish of his duster enter
-a hut in the midst of them all.
-
-But it is needless to dive any farther into the budget of adventures
-which then and there befell me, except to mention, as a sort of set-off,
-a notable retaliation that I right happily achieved on one of my
-tormentors. After a scuffle, contested on both sides with considerable
-toughness, I was retiring from a sort of drawn battle, when I espied a
-short-legged, long-backed, crook-knee’d, lumpish-looking rascal scuttling
-along through a field at a prodigious pace. He had heard the well-known
-gathering-note when at a distance with some turf-cutters in a bog, and,
-eager for sport, namely, a pluck at my inexpressibles, lost no time in
-making for the scene. The affair was, however, over before he arrived
-upon the ground; but determined that his “trevally” should not be for
-nought, he gave me immediate chase up the road, reserving his fire as
-if intent on close combat alone, and altogether showing such an earnest
-business-like way with him, as made me set him down as a singularly
-crabbed customer. On he came at a rate that soon left me nothing for
-it, was I ever so much disinclined, but to face about and stand at
-bay. Hereupon, however--so conversant with currish character was I now
-become--a much increased ostentation of action upon his part, accompanied
-with a much diminished rate of progression, and a most superfluous
-discharge of barks, let me into a gratifying little secret. “Ha, my
-gentleman,” thought I, “Is this the way the land lies? You’re not just
-so stout a hero as you would fain be thought; and as, i’faith, I have
-no notion of being made sport of by such small ware as you, I’ll just
-try if I cannot give you a lesson worth the learning.” With that I again
-showed him my heels, which relieved him of his rather awkward suspense,
-and, turning round a corner, dexterously managed in a few moments to
-have my lad ensconced in a pretty angle, with a deep pool behind him,
-and a high stone wall on either side. Even in the height of my triumph
-and wrath, I could not help noticing the extraordinary mutations the
-outwitted ettercap underwent at this astounding juncture. The last yelp
-perished incomplete: a dismal wonder-what-ails-him bewilderment, horror,
-cowardice, despair, supplied a sort of prelibation of “the condign” my
-injured honour and outraged rights craved in expiation. Before him I
-flourished my cane in a fashion that made the very thought of contact
-therewith terrible--behind him lay the expectant plunge-bath of which
-he, in common with all his tribe, entertained a most hydrophobic horror.
-Thrice he seemed to contemplate an eruption, and thrice my waving weapon
-turned him to the watery gulf behind, and in mortal misery he appeared
-to balance their respective terrors. A cogent persuasive delivered
-rearward in handsome style, created a partial preponderance in favour
-of the latter. One paw was passed over the fearful brim; a timely
-reiteration sent the other after; the avenging rod was upraised to give
-the grand finale, when his outstretched tail suggested a device, which I
-rapturously seized on to prevent that gradual fulfilment of inevitable
-fate which the cowardly caitiff seemed to meditate. In the fervour of my
-career I even laid hands on this appendage of my once so dreaded foe,
-and swinging him aloft, to give him a proper elevation, as well as a
-momentary view of the murky abyss to which a few aërial evolutions were
-to bring him, dismissed him by a most righteous retribution to his fate.
-A gurgling yelp announced the crisis of the plump, and a few moments
-after, snorting and kicking, wriggling and splashing, in a perfect
-frenzy of amaze, the culprit emerged, and made way like mad for the
-bank. Tempering justice with mercy, with a noble magnanimity I allowed
-him to scramble up to the road, which he did with most astonishing
-alacrity, and, without even a shake to his bedraggled coat, or more than
-a glance of horror at myself, scurried homeward at a rate with which
-even his pursuit could not compare: _he_ never troubled me again. With
-this beautiful illustration of retributive justice--oh, that I could but
-make it universal!--I will wind up the relation of my misfortunes and
-feats on this plaguy but memorable day, which I have selected--may my
-vanity be pardoned--as exhibiting myself, though I say it who shouldn’t
-say it, in rather a distinguished point of view, as being devoid of
-certain humiliating circumstances with which on most other occasions my
-lot was accompanied, and as being at the same time sufficient, without
-wanton trifling with my own feelings and those of others, to make the
-resentment of all who are susceptible of sympathy with their kind burn
-fierce against these pestiferous persecutors of our race. I have said
-enough to show, that if we care to maintain that native supremacy which
-these contumacious rebels make but light of questioning, if we wish to
-rescue our order from the disgrace and contumely from such vile sources
-cast upon it, the time for action, systematic, conjoint, national action,
-has now arrived. “Union,” say the sages of the rostrum with admirable
-discernment, “Union is strength.” Let us act on the profound discovery;
-let combination be the order of the day; let the cry of “Down with the
-cynocracy!” ring resistless through the land; let pistol pellets and
-pounded glass be in every one’s possession; let the legislature be
-simultaneously bombarded; let the squire whose game is incontinently
-gobbled up in embryo, the wayfarer whose person and all that hangs
-thereon is supinely compromised, the philanthropist who would augment
-human happiness, the humanist who would diminish dumb-brute suffering,
-the vindicator of the pig, the cat, the donkey, and all the tribe of
-cur-bebitten animals, ay, even the friends (if such besotted beetleheads
-there be) of the detested breed themselves, who hold it better “not to
-be” than “to be” in semi-starvation, in mangy malevolence, in spiteful
-pugnacity, in the perpetual distribution of snarls, bites, and barks,
-and receipt of cuffs, kicks, and cudgels--let all and every of these
-great and various parties agitate, agitate, agitate, petition, petition,
-petition, that such comprehensive measures as the enormity of the
-case demands be forthwith adopted for the correction, abatement, or
-abolition of this national scourge, by taxation, suspension, submersion,
-decapitation, or deportation, as to the “collective wisdom” may most
-advisable appear.
-
-                                                                   A MAN.
-
-
-
-
-LUOIGH NA SEALGA.
-
-POEM OF THE CHASE.
-
-
-There are many poems of great beauty and interest in the Irish language,
-several of which have become known to the English reader through the
-medium of a translation. Of those poems there is a particular class known
-to Irish scholars by the name of the “Fenian Tales”--an appellation
-which they derive from Finn, or Fionn, the son of Cumhail (the Fingal of
-Macpherson), and his heroes the FIONNA EIRONN. Fionn, renowned for his
-martial exploits, flourished about the beginning of the third century,
-under Cormac,[1] of whose forces he was the commander-in-chief. He has
-been to the Milesian bards what King Arthur was to the Britons, the
-theme of many a marvellous achievement and poetic fiction. Oisin, his
-son, was equally celebrated as a warrior and a poet; and of him it might
-be said, as of Achilles, Æschylus, Alfred, Camoens, Cervantes, and many
-another, that “one hand the sword and one the harp employed.” Numerous
-poems have been ascribed to him; but there is no proof that he has a
-legitimate claim to any composition extant. As for the impostures of
-Macpherson, they have been sufficiently exposed; and no one who has taken
-pains to investigate the subject, or who has the least knowledge of Irish
-history, antiquities, or language, will pretend that he is worthy of the
-slightest credence. The date and origin of the Fenian Tales, from which
-he drew many of the materials of his centos, are altogether uncertain.
-It may seem, however, not unreasonable, from slight internal evidence,
-to conjecture that some of them may have been composed soon after the
-introduction of Christianity, though they must since have suffered many
-changes and modifications.[2] In few countries, if in any, did the
-Christian religion win its way more easily than in Ireland; and yet it
-can scarcely be supposed that its triumph became universal without some
-reluctance on the part of the people, whose habits it condemned, and to
-whose superstitions it was strenuously opposed. It attempted to produce
-such a complete revolution in their tastes and occupations, that it would
-be surprising had not various objections been started to its reception.
-The quiet and devotion of the monastic life formed a melancholy contrast
-to the spirit-stirring excitements of the chase, and to those games of
-strength and skill in which the heroes of the Ossianic age delighted.
-They who rejoiced in the clash of arms, in the music of hounds and horns,
-and in the feast and the revel, could have small taste for the chiming of
-bells in the services of religion, for the singing of psalms, and still
-less for fasting--
-
-                        ----the waster gaunt and grim,
-    That of beauty and strength robs feature and limb.
-
-The bards, it may well be imagined, who were always not only welcome but
-necessary guests at all the high festivals of the chiefs and princes,
-would be among the first to lament a change of manners by which their
-pleasures and honours were abridged or abolished; and to give more effect
-to their complaint, as well as to conceal its real authors, they put it
-into the mouth of Oisin, their great master, by poetic licence, though
-in violation of chronology. They ascribed to him those sentiments which
-they thought he would have expressed, had he really been the contemporary
-of Saint Patrick.[3] At the same time it must be admitted, that in the
-Poem of the Chase at least, such a description of the creative power of
-the Deity is given by the saint, as is worthy of a Christian missionary,
-though he is obliged to succumb to the stern indignation of the “Warrior
-Bard.”
-
-Leaving the further consideration of this subject for the present,
-I proceed to give an analysis of the Poem of the Chase, from which
-the reader may be enabled in some degree to judge how far Spenser is
-justifiable in affirming that the poems of the Irish bards “savoured of
-sweet wit and good invention.”
-
-The poem commences by Oisin asking St Patrick if he had ever heard
-the tale of the chase; and on receiving an answer in the negative,
-accompanied with a request that it may be told truly, he feels indignant
-at the suspicion that he or any of the Fionna Eironn could ever deviate
-from the strictest veracity, and retaliates by declaring how much he
-prized his former friends, whose virtues he records, beyond Patrick and
-all his psalm-singing fraternity. Patrick, in reply, exhorts him not to
-indulge a strain of panegyric which borders on blasphemy, and extols
-the power of that great Being by whom all the Fenian race had been
-destroyed. The mention of his friends’ extinction calls forth a fresh
-burst of indignation from Oisin, and leads him to compare the pleasures
-of the days gone by with the melancholy occupations of psalm-singing and
-fasting. Patrick requests him to cease, and not incur the impiety of
-comparing Finn with the Creator of the universe. Oisin replies in a style
-more indignant, and after reciting a number of the glorious exploits of
-the Fenians, asks by what achievements of Patrick’s Deity they can be
-matched. The saint, justly shocked by such daring, accuses him of frenzy,
-and tells him that Finn and his host have been doomed to hell-fire by
-that God whom he blasphemes: but this only provokes Oisin to make a
-comparison between Finn’s generosity and the divine vengeance; and as for
-himself, it is a sufficient proof of his sanity that he allows Patrick
-and his friends to wear their heads. Patrick, as if tacitly admitting
-the validity of his argument, pays him a compliment, and requests him
-to proceed with the promised tale. Oisin complies, and informs him that
-while the Fenian heroes were feasting in the tower of Almhuin, Finn
-having withdrawn from the company and spied a young doe, pursued her
-with his two hounds Sceolan and Bran as far as Slieve Guillin, where she
-suddenly disappeared. While he and his hounds are left in perplexity,
-he hears a sound of lamentation, and looking round espies a damsel of
-surpassing beauty, whom he accosts, and with friendly solicitude asks the
-cause of her grief. She replies that she had dropped her ring into the
-adjoining lake, and adjures him as a true knight to dive into the water
-to find and restore the lost treasure. He complies, and succeeds; and
-while handing her the ring, is suddenly metamorphosed into a withered old
-man.
-
-Mean time the absence of their chief begins to create some fears for his
-safety in the breasts of the Fenians. Caoilte expresses his apprehension
-that he is irrecoverably lost, when bald Conan, the Thersites of the
-Fenian poems, rejoicing at the idea, boasts that he will in future be
-their chief. The Fenians having indulged in a laugh of scorn to hear such
-arrogance from one they contemned, proceed in quest of Finn, and discover
-the old man, who whispers in the ear of Caoilte the story of his strange
-metamorphosis. Conan, on hearing it, waxes valiant, and utters some
-bitter reproaches against Finn and the Fenians. He is rebuked by Caoilte;
-but still continuing to vituperate and boast, he is answered at last
-by the sword of Osgar. The Fenians interfere, and having put an end to
-the strife, and learned the cause of Finn’s misfortune, they search the
-secret recesses of Slieve Guillin, and at length find the enchantress,
-who presents a cup to Finn, of which he drinks, and is restored to his
-former strength and beauty.
-
-Miss Brooke, a lady to whose genius and taste Irish literature is greatly
-indebted, has given a translation of this poem in her “Reliques of Irish
-Poetry,” published in 1788. Every Irish scholar is bound to speak with
-respect of her patriotic literary labours, and the present writer would
-be among the last to pluck a single leaf from the chaplet which adorns
-her brows--
-
-          ----neque ego illi detrahere ausim
-    Hærentem capiti multa cum laude coronam.--HOR.
-
-    Not from her head shall I presume to tear
-    The sacred wreath she well deserves to wear.--FRANCIS.
-
-To Miss Brooke is due the well-merited praise of having been the first
-to introduce the English reader to a knowledge of these compositions.
-But that province of translation into which she led the way is open to
-all, and no one has a right to claim it as his exclusive property.
-Chapman translated Homer: he was followed by Hobbes, Hobbes by Pope, Pope
-by Cowper, Cowper by Sotheby. Who will be the next competitor in this
-fair field of fame? How many translators have we of Virgil, of Horace,
-of Anacreon, and of all the most eminent Greek and Latin poets, each
-advancing a claim to some kind of superiority over his rivals? Would
-that we had more such honourable rivalship in translations from the
-Irish! Miss Brooke has been faithful to the sense of her originals; but
-it appears to the present writer that she not unfrequently errs by being
-too diffuse, that several passages are weakened by unnecessary expansion,
-and that the spirit of the whole can be better preserved in a more varied
-form of versification than in the monotonous quatrains which she adopted.
-The prevalent fault of most poetical translations is diffuseness or
-amplification, by which the thoughts are weakened and their spirit lost.
-Much allowance, however, must be granted to those who attempt to clothe
-in English verse such compositions as the Irish Fenian tales; and any one
-who makes the experiment will feel the difficulty of preserving a just
-medium between a loose paraphrase and a strict verbal translation. It is
-almost if not altogether impossible to translate into rhyme without an
-occasional accessory idea or epithet on the one hand, and the omission
-of some unimportant adjunct on the other. The great object should be to
-preserve the spirit of the original--to be “true to the sense, but truer
-to his fame”--_nec verbum verbo reddere fidus_. Some passages could not
-be understood, others would not be endured by any reader of taste or
-refinement if rendered word for word.
-
-In my next communication I shall send you a translation of the first
-part of the Poem of the Chase--namely, the introductory dialogue between
-Patrick and Oisin. This shall be followed by the succeeding part of the
-poem, should you deem such compositions suited to the pages of your
-“Journal,” which I hope will be eminently useful in promoting both the
-literary and moral taste of the people of Ireland.
-
-                                                                       D.
-
-[1] Cormac Ulfada, grandson of “Con of the hundred battles.” He reigned
-forty years, and was honoured as a wise statesman and a philosopher.
-
-[2] The reader who feels an interest in this subject, and in the Ossianic
-controversy, is referred to the essays by the Rev. Dr. Drummond and Mr
-O’Reilly in the fifteenth volume of the Transactions of the Royal Irish
-Academy. In the Transactions of the Hiberno-Celtic Society Mr O’Reilly
-observes, that “many beautiful poems are extant that bear the name of
-Oisin, but there are no good reasons to suppose that they are the genuine
-compositions of that bard. If ever they were composed by Oisin, they
-have since suffered a wonderful change in their language, and have been
-interpolated so as to make the poet and St Patrick contemporaries, though
-the latter did not commence his apostolic labours in Ireland until the
-middle of the fifth century, when by the course of nature Oisin must have
-lain in his grave about one hundred and fifty years.”
-
-Since this paper was sent to the press, the author has been assured by a
-most competent Irish scholar that there are manuscript poems attributed
-to Oisin not less than a thousand years old in the Library of the Dublin
-University. It is much to be wished, for the honour of ancient Irish
-literature and for the light which these poems may throw on some dark and
-disputed topics of Irish history, that they may before long be properly
-analysed and presented to the public.
-
-[3] Thus Horace exposes the arts of the parasites and fortune-hunters of
-Rome in a dialogue between Tiresias and Ulysses.
-
-
-
-
-DEAF AND DUMB--A MOUNTAIN SKETCH.
-
-BY MRS S. C. HALL.
-
-
-It has been a general and certainly a well-founded complaint against
-Ireland, that the arts, whose influence has extended so much over England
-and Scotland during the last half century, have made but little progress
-in “the Emerald Isle.” It “has sent forth painters, but encouraged none.”
-This I fear is true, though lately I have been delighted to observe some
-very happy exceptions to the rule.
-
-There are many reasons why art and artists have not flourished in
-Ireland. The greater number of those who have the means to patronise
-talent are absentees, spending in foreign lands the produce of the riches
-bestowed by the Almighty on their own--while the minds of the residents
-are usually so pre-occupied by religious or political controversies,
-that they have no time to bestow, or attention to give to anything
-else. Another reason I would urge, even at the hazard of being charged
-with national pride, is, the country so overflows with natural beauty,
-that in the matter of landscape painting the Irish gentry are hard to
-please. To those who doubt this, I would simply say, come and see; and
-if any English artist does not discover good cause why they should be
-fastidious, all I can observe is, that I shall be very much astonished.
-Even the highways are crowded with antiquarian and picturesque beauty;
-but road-makers do not seek these so much as convenience; nor are the
-most-talked-of places those where a “landskipper,” as I heard an artist
-called in Kerry, will reap the richest harvest.
-
-There are hills and lakes, rivers and glades, of most exquisite beauty,
-profusely scattered over the country--far away from the highroads, in the
-fastnesses of the mountains--and even within hearing of the roar of the
-wild ocean are dells and little valleys, cascades, lawns of greenest hue
-and softest grass, where Druids’ altars hang upon their mysterious points
-of rest, and the breeze whispers amid mouldering towers--memorials of
-the troubled past. Still, eyes accustomed from their opening to really
-fine scenery are not likely to be satisfied with aught that falls short
-of perfection; and, as I have said, I find such of my countrymen as
-really love art very hard to please in landscape, particularly in Irish
-landscape: they have become familiar with the same scenes from many
-points of view--the artist can only record one, and it is at least likely
-that _the_ one he has chosen is not the favourite.
-
-Still, I fear, the _chief_ cause why art has not flourished hitherto,
-must be attributed to the continued excitement of religion and politics;
-to judge from collateral evidence, the influence of this excitement
-is happily on the decrease, for I have seen framed prints in several
-cottages, and observed in many dwellings, where paintings would be an
-extravagance, volumes of beautiful engravings displayed as the chief
-treasures of their country homes.
-
-On our late pilgrimage through the beautiful and romantic “Kingdom of
-Kerry” we encountered a native artist, who beguiled us of an hour,
-and interested us deeply. We had lingered long in the beautiful vale
-of Glengariff, and still longer on the mountain road which commands
-a view of the magic bay and its golden islands, that seem lifted by
-earth towards heaven as a peace-offering; and when we passed through
-the tunnel, which is still regarded by the mountaineers with evident
-astonishment, the sun was sinking behind the huge range of Kerry
-mountains, which looked the more bleak when contrasted with the memory
-of the exceeding fertility of Glengariff. We were then literally _amid_
-both clouds and mountains, and the only sound that disturbed the awful
-stillness of the scene was the scream of an eagle, which issued from
-behind a tower-like assemblage of barren rocks, where most probably
-the eyrie of the royal bird was placed; the sound added greatly to the
-effect of the scenery, and we drew up that we might listen to it more
-attentively; it was several times repeated, and almost at the same
-instant a fresh breeze dispersed the mists which had in some degree
-obscured the glory of the departing sun; and the valley beneath the
-pass became literally illuminated wherever the breaks or fissures in
-the opposite mountains permitted the brightness of the sun, as it were,
-to pass through. I had never seen such an effect of light and shade
-before, for the mountain shadows were heavy as night itself; I feel I
-cannot describe either the brightness of the one or the intenseness of
-the other. I am sure the scene could not be painted so as to convey any
-idea of its reality. Any attempt to depict the extravagance of nature is
-always deemed unnatural.
-
-We are weak enough to bound the Almighty’s works by what has come within
-the sphere of our own finite observations. How paltry this must seem to
-those who dwell amongst the mountains, and read the book of ever varying
-nature amid the silent places of the earth!
-
-I had been gazing so earnestly upon the scene below and around us, that I
-had not noted the sudden appearance of a lad upon a bank, a little to the
-left of the place on which we stood; but my attention was attracted by
-his clasping his hands together, and laughing, or rather shouting loudly,
-in evident delight at the scene. There was nothing in his appearance
-different from that of many young goatherds we had passed, and who
-hardly raised their heads from the purple heath to gaze at our progress.
-His sun-burnt limbs were bare below the knee; but his long brown hair
-had been cared for, and flowed beneath a wide-leafed hat, which was
-garnished, not untastefully, with a couple of wreaths of spreading fern.
-His garments were in sufficient disorder to satisfy the most enthusiastic
-admirer of “the picturesque;” and although we called to him repeatedly,
-it was not until a sudden diffusion of cloud had interfered between him
-and the sunset, so as to diminish the light, and of course lessen the
-effect of the shadows, that he noticed us in the least; indeed, I do not
-think he would have done so at all, but for the unexpected appearance of
-another “child of the mist,” in the person of a little _tangled-looking_,
-bright-eyed girl--literally one mass of tatters--who sprang to where the
-boy stood, and seizing his hand, pointed silently to us. He descended
-immediately, followed by the little girl, and after removing his hat,
-stood by the side of our carriage, into which he peered with genuine
-Irish curiosity.
-
-To our question of “Where do you live?” the mountain maid replied, “Neen
-English,” which experience had previously taught us signified that she
-did not understand our language. We then addressed ourselves to the boy,
-when the girl placed her hands on her lips, then to her ears, and finally
-shook her head. “Deaf and dumb?” I said. Upon which she replied, “Ay, ay,
-deaf, dumb--deaf, dumb.” The little creature having so said, regarded him
-with one of those quick looks so eloquent of infant love; and seizing
-his hand, lifted up her rosy face to be kissed. He patted her head
-impatiently, but was too occupied examining the contents of our carriage
-to heed her affectionate request. His eye glanced over our packages
-without much interest, until they rested upon a small black portfolio,
-and then he leaped, and clapped his hands, making us understand he wanted
-to inspect _that_. His little companion had evidently some idea that
-this was an intrusion, and intimated so to the boy; but he pushed her
-from him, determined, with true masculine spirit, to have his own way.
-Nothing could exceed his delight while turning over a few sketches and
-some engravings. He gave us clearly to understand that he comprehended
-their intent--looking from our puny outlines to the magnificent mountains
-by which we were surrounded, and smiling thereat in a way that even
-our self-love could not construe into a compliment; he evinced more
-satisfaction at a sketch of Glengariff, pointed towards the district,
-and intimated that he knew it well; but his decided preference was given
-to sundry most exquisite drawings, from the pencil of Mr Nicoll, of the
-ruins of Aghadoe, Mucross Abbey, and a passage in the gap of Dunloe. I
-never understood before the power of “mute eloquence.” I am sure the boy
-would have knelt before the objects of his idolatry until every gleam of
-light had faded from the sky, if he had been permitted so to do.
-
-Nor was his enthusiasm less extraordinary than the purity of his taste;
-for he turned over several coloured engravings, brilliant though they
-were, of ladies’ costumes, after a mere glance at each, while he returned
-again and again to the drawings that were really worthy of attention.
-
-While he was thus occupied, his little companion, struck by some sudden
-thought, bounded up the almost perpendicular mountain with the grace
-and agility of a true-born Kerry maiden, until she disappeared; but she
-soon returned, springing from rock to rock, and holding the remnants of
-her tattered apron together with evident care. When she descended, she
-displayed its contents, which interested us greatly, for they were her
-brother’s sketches, five or six in number, made on the torn-out leaves
-of an old copy-book in pale ink, or with a still paler pencil. Two were
-tinged with colour extracted from plants that grew upon the mountain; and
-though rude, there were evidences of a talent the more rare, when the
-circumstances attendant upon its birth were taken into consideration. The
-lad could have had no instruction--he had never been to school, though
-schools, thank God! are now to be found in the fastnesses of Kerry--the
-copy-book was the property of his eldest brother, and he had abducted the
-leaves to record upon them his silent observations of the magnificence
-of Nature, whose power had elevated and instructed his mind, closed
-as it was by the misfortune of being born deaf and dumb, against such
-knowledge as he could acquire in so wild a district. We should not have
-read even this line of his simple history, but for the opportune passing
-of a “Kerry dragoon”--a wild, brigand-looking young fellow, mounted
-between his market-panniers on his rough pony--who proved to be the lad’s
-brother, although he did not at first tell us so.
-
-“We all,” he said, “live high up in de mountain; but I can’t trust Mogue
-to look after de goats by himself. His whole delight is puttin’ down upon
-a bit of paper or a slate whatever he sees. I’d ha’ broke him off it long
-agone; but he was his mother’s darlin’, and she’s wid de blessed Vargin
-these seven years, so I don’t like to cross his fancy; besides, de Lord’s
-hand has been heavy on him already, and it does no harm, no more than
-himself, except when any of de childre brake what he do be doing; den
-he goes mad intirely, and strays I dunna where; though, to be sure, de
-Almighty has his eye over him, for he’s sure to come back well and quiet.”
-
-The lad at last closed our portfolio with a heavy sigh, and did not
-perceive until he had done so that his little sister had spread out his
-own productions on the heather which grew so abundantly by the road-side.
-He pointed to them with something of the exaltation of spirit which
-is so natural to us all when we think our exertions are about to be
-appreciated, and he bent over them as a mother would over a cherished
-child. His triumph, however, was but momentary--it was evident that his
-having seen better things rendered him discontented with his own, for
-while gathering them hastily together, he burst into tears.
-
-Poor mountain boy! I do not think his tears were excited by envy, for he
-returned to our folio in a few moments with the same delight as before;
-but his feelings were the more intense because he could not express them;
-and he had been taught his inferiority, a bitter lesson, the remembrance
-of which nothing but hope, all-glorious hope, that manifestation of
-immortality, can efface.
-
-We gave him some paper and pencils, together with a few engravings,
-and had soon looked our last at Mogue Murphy, as he stood, his little
-sister clinging to his side, waving his hat on a promontory, while we
-were rapidly descending into the valley. I thought the memory of such a
-meeting in the mountains was worthy of preservation.
-
-
-
-
-IMPROPER CONDUCT IN PUBLIC PLACES.
-
-
-There is scarcely anything by which a stranger is more forcibly struck
-on visiting Paris and other continental cities, than meeting at the
-museums, libraries, palaces, menageries, and other places of exhibition,
-crowds of private soldiers, artizans, and persons of inferior degree,
-who with the greatest attention, and in the most decorous and orderly
-manner, inspect the various objects presented to their notice; and who,
-judging from the intelligent manner in which they discuss the merits of
-these objects, would appear to derive the greatest possible advantage
-from the privileges they enjoy. Amongst this crowd of people it was not
-an unfrequent sight, a year or two since, to observe some well-dressed
-individual poking at a picture with his fingers, as if his eyes were on
-the points of them, teasing the animals in the menagerie, or possibly
-inscribing his worthless name on some pillar or statue. You might have
-safely addressed the person whom you saw thus employed in English as one
-from our own dominions; and if you looked around, you would have seen
-an expression of anger in the countenances of the native spectators,
-or have heard them muttering their just contempt of the ignorance and
-rudeness displayed in thus wantonly injuring or defacing that which,
-being publicly exhibited for general advantage, becomes so far public
-property as to appeal strongly to the _honour_ of all well-thinking
-individuals for its protection. In our own country, a few years since, it
-required no ordinary generosity, and no little sacrifice of selfishness,
-to place within the reach of our people any works of art or curiosity
-in the shape of exhibitions; and our government contributed very little
-assistance towards forwarding the great work of national improvement by
-such means. Truly melancholy was it then to see the mischief wantonly
-done to the property of the few liberal individuals who offered to
-share their pleasures with their less fortunate fellows; one instance
-of which (probably one that has wrought much to induce good conduct)
-may perhaps be worth narrating here. In certain beautiful pleasure
-grounds, freely opened to the public, there was to be seen, a few
-years since, a board bearing the following inscription:--“This mound
-was planted with evergreens three times, and as often trampled down
-by thoughtless individuals admitted to walk in the grounds: it is now
-planted a fourth time.” This was the delicate but touching reproof of
-the worthy proprietor, who may now, however (having suffered in a good
-cause), congratulate himself on the amended habits of the people, brought
-about by the increasing enlightenment on the subject of the necessity
-and utility of admitting the humbler orders to places of rational and
-instructive recreation, aided by their improved education and temperate
-habits, which hold forth great encouragement to those who possess the
-power to extend the privileges still too scantily accorded. We are indeed
-satisfied that a most decided improvement in the habits and feelings of
-the humbler classes of the community has really taken place within the
-last few years, and that under judicious arrangements they might now be
-admitted safely even to exhibitions of objects of great intrinsic value;
-and in proof of this opinion we may state, that about two years since,
-when, on the occasion of the Queen’s coronation, the Royal Hibernian
-Academy opened the doors of their annual exhibition to the public
-gratuitously for one day, though thousands took advantage of this free
-admission, not the slightest accident to the property or impropriety of
-any kind whatever occurred.
-
-If proofs of the utility of thus disposing of the spare time of the
-people be required, one answer will be, that they are thus at least “kept
-out of harm’s way;” and in accomplishing this (quite a sufficient object
-for exertion when man’s propensities to evil are taken into account),
-a great deal more of good is achieved, for a spirit of inquiry is thus
-induced, and a talent for observation cultivated, which are the parents
-of true knowledge, and which, combined with the habit of concentrating
-thought and reflection, must open up the sources of wisdom, and produce
-an enlargement of understanding in the fortunate possessor, which older
-and still too prevalent methods of education are eminently calculated to
-repress. It has been observed, until the observation has become trite,
-that “knowledge is power,” and it is therefore the duty of all who are
-sensible of the value of mental development to encourage whatever tends
-to promote it; though, unfortunately, there still exists a class of men
-who seek to maintain undeserved superiority, by keeping all persons
-subordinate to them in ignorance, instead of generously extending to them
-such help as would enable them to advance in intelligence. How different
-was the feeling of him who said, that if permitted to have his wishes
-accomplished he would ask but for two: the first, that he might possess
-all knowledge that man in his finite nature can or ought to possess; and
-the second, that having attained this knowledge, all his fellow-creatures
-might be admitted to a participation of it.
-
-The value of observation as an accessible source of information to all,
-must be obvious; the infant observes before he reasons, and reason
-advances with the powers of observing. When the man becomes a sage, he
-may theorise; but he must first test his wisdom by observation, which
-would thus appear to be the fulcrum on which mind must depend to raise
-itself; and as opportunities of observation are now daily increasing, it
-becomes a matter of importance to aid those who are inclined, by showing
-them how to observe, and to draw out the latent talent in those who,
-having eyes, yet see not; and there is no mode in which this can be more
-effectually and agreeably done than by drawing their attention to those
-natural objects by which they are surrounded. The sacred writers were
-well aware of the value of thus directing the mind; and our poets have
-in many instances derived applause and celebrity from their power of
-accurately observing and faithfully describing the phenomena of nature.
-
-To aid the people in the acquirement of knowledge so desirable, our best
-efforts shall not be wanting, and we propose to ourselves accordingly to
-give a series of papers on Natural History, pointing out, in a popular
-manner, what all who have eyes may see, and, seeing, profit by.
-
-                                                                       B.
-
-
-
-
-ANSALDO AND THE CATS.
-
-
-Everybody, we presume, has heard or read the story of “Whittington and
-his Cat,” which is an especial favourite with the worthy citizens of
-“London town,” where it is matter of history that the once poor and
-friendless little boy rose to be thrice Lord Mayor; but from the tale
-quoted below, it would seem that the Italians are not without a version
-of their own on the subject. Which of the two is the most ancient or
-original, we confess our inability to decide, but it is a matter of
-very little consequence, as the moral in each is similar, namely, that
-perseverance and industry will generally meet their just reward, while
-the endeavours of an idle and improvident man to realise a great fortune
-all at once, by some wild and desperate speculation, pretty much the same
-as gambling, or even, as we may add, by that detestable and degrading
-vice itself, rarely fails to involve the rash projector in ruin and
-disgrace. However, without fatiguing the reader with further preface, we
-will present him with the following literal translation from the Italian
-of Lorenzo Magaletti:--
-
-“About the time when our Amerigo Vespucci discovered the new world,
-there was a merchant in our town whose name was Messer Ansaldo degli
-Ormani, who, though he had become very rich, but yet desirous to double
-his wealth, chartered a very large ship, and began to trade with his
-merchandise in the newly-discovered regions of the West. Having already
-made two or three prosperous voyages, he wished to return thither once
-more; but scarcely had he left Cadiz when there arose a most furious
-gale, which drove him along for several days, without his knowing where
-he was; but at length fortune was so kind as to enable him to reach an
-island called Canaria. He had no sooner done so than the king, being
-informed of the arrival of a vessel, went down to the port with all his
-nobles, and gave Messer Ansaldo a kind reception: he then conducted
-him to the royal palace, to show his joy at his arrival. Dinner was
-then prepared in the most sumptuous style, and he sat down with Messer
-Ansaldo, who was surprised to see a great number of youths who held in
-their hands long sticks, similar to those used by penitents; but no
-sooner were the viands served up than he understood fast enough the
-meaning of such attendance, for
-
-    ‘Not Xerxes led so many into Greece,
-    Nor numerous thus the myrmidonic bands,
-    As on the scene their countless hosts appeared!’
-
-                                                    BERNI.
-
-In fact, so many and so large were the rats which came in from all
-quarters, that it was really wonderful to see them. Thereupon the youths
-aforesaid took to their sticks, and with great labour defended the dish
-from which the king and Messer Ansaldo were eating. When the latter
-had heard and seen the multitudes of those filthy animals which were
-innumerable in that island (nor had any means been found to extirpate
-them), he sought to make the king understand by signs that he wished to
-provide him with a remedy by means of which he might be freed from such
-horrid creatures; and running quickly to the ship, he took two very fine
-cats, male and female, and brought them to the king, saying that on the
-next occasion they should be put upon the table. As soon therefore as the
-smell of the meat began to diffuse itself, the usual procession made its
-appearance, when the cats seeing it began to scatter them so bravely that
-there was very soon a prodigious slaughter of the enemy.
-
-On seeing this, the delighted king, wishing to remunerate Ansaldo, sent
-for many strings of pearls, with gold, silver, and rare precious stones,
-which he presented to Messer Ansaldo, who, thinking he had made a good
-profit of his merchandise, spread his sails to the wind, prosecuted his
-voyage, and returned home immensely rich.
-
-Some time afterwards, he was relating what had occurred between himself
-and the King of Canaria to a circle of his friends, when one of them,
-named Giocondo dé Finfali, was seized with a desire to make the voyage
-to Canaria himself, to try his fortune also; and in order to do so, sold
-an estate he had in the Val d’Elsa, and invested the money in a great
-quantity of jewels, together with rings and bracelets of immense value;
-and having given out that he intended to go to the Holy Land, lest any
-should blame his resolution, he repaired to Cadiz, where he embarked, and
-soon arrived at Canaria. He presented his riches to the king, reasoning
-in this manner--‘If Messer Ansaldo got so much for a paltry pair of cats,
-how much more will be my just recompence for what I have brought his
-majesty!’ But the poor man deceived himself, because the King of Canaria,
-who highly esteemed the present of Giocondo, did not think he could make
-him a fairer exchange than by giving him _a cat_; so having sent for a
-very fine one, son to those which Ansaldo had given him, he presented
-it to Giocondo; but he, thinking himself insulted, returned miserably
-poor to Florence, continually cursing the King of Canaria, the rats, and
-Messer Ansaldo and his cats; but he was wrong, because that good king,
-in making him a present of a cat, gave him what he considered the most
-valuable thing in his dominions.”
-
-                                                                 W. S. T.
-
-
-
-
-INSCRIPTION ON A TOMBSTONE IN THE CHURCHYARD OF YOUGHAL, OF ANNE MARIA
-CAREW, AGED 24.
-
-
-    ’Tis ever thus, ’tis ever thus, when hope hath built a bow’r
-    Like that of Eden, wreathed about with many a thornless flow’r,
-    To dwell therein securely, the self-deceivers trust--
-    A whirlwind from the desert comes, and all is in the dust.
-
-    ’Tis ever thus, ’tis ever thus, that when the poor heart clings
-    With all its finest tendrils, with all its flexile rings,
-    That goodly thing it cleaveth to so fondly and so fast,
-    Is struck to earth by lightning, or shattered by the blast.
-
-    ’Tis ever thus, ’tis ever thus, with beams of mortal bliss,
-    With looks too bright and beautiful for such a world as this,
-    One moment round about us their angel light wings play;
-    Then down the veil of darkness drops, and all is passed away.
-
-    ’Tis ever thus, ’tis ever thus, with creatures heavenly fair,
-    Too finely formed to bear the brunt more earthly natures bear--
-    A little while they dwell with us, blest ministers of love,
-    Then spread the wings we had not seen, and seek their homes above.
-
-       *       *       *       *       *
-
-    Printed and Published every Saturday by GUNN and CAMERON, at
-    the Office of the General Advertiser, No. 6, Church Lane,
-    College Green, Dublin.--Agents:--R. GROOMBRIDGE, Panyer Alley,
-    Paternoster Row, London; SIMMS and DINHAM, Exchange Street,
-    Manchester; C. DAVIES, North John Street, Liverpool; J.
-    DRAKE, Birmingham; M. BINGHAM, Broad Street, Bristol; FRASER
-    and CRAWFORD, George Street, Edinburgh; and DAVID ROBERTSON,
-    Trongate, Glasgow.
-
-
-
-
-
-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Irish Penny Journal, Vol. 1 No.
-12, September 19, 1840, by Various
-
-*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK IRISH PENNY JOURNAL, SEPT 19, 1840 ***
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