initial commit of ebook 5411HEADmain

7 files changed, 4643 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6833f05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+* text=auto
+*.txt text
+*.md text
diff --git a/5411.txt b/5411.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac142fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/5411.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2320 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Memoirs of Count Grammont, Volume 3
+by Anthony Hamilton
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Memoirs of Count Grammont, Volume 3
+
+Author: Anthony Hamilton
+
+Release Date: December 4, 2004 [EBook #5411]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK COUNT GRAMMONT ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David Widger
+
+
+
+
+
+         MEMOIRS OF COUNT GRAMMONT, VOLUME 3.
+
+             By Anthony Hamilton
+
+        EDITED, WITH NOTES, BY SIR WALTER SCOTT
+
+
+
+
+               CHAPTER SIXTH.
+
+          HIS ARRIVAL AT THE ENGLISH COURT
+          --THE VARIOUS PERSONAGES OF THIS COURT
+
+
+Curiosity to see a man equally famous for his crimes and his elevation,
+had once before induced the Chevalier de Grammont to visit England.
+Reasons of state assume great privileges. Whatever appears advantageous
+is lawful, and every thing that is necessary is honourable in politics.
+While the King of England sought the protection of Spain in the Low
+Countries, and that of the States-General in Holland, other powers sent
+splendid embassies to Cromwell.
+
+This man, whose ambition had opened him a way to sovereign power by the
+greatest crimes, maintained himself in it by accomplishments which seemed
+to render him worthy of it by their lustre. The nation, of all Europe
+the least submissive, patiently bore a yoke which did not even leave her
+the shadow of that liberty of which she is so jealous; and Cromwell,
+master of the Commonwealth, under the title of Protector, feared at home,
+but yet more dreaded abroad, was at his highest pitch of glory when he
+was seen by the Chevalier de Grammont; but the Chevalier did not see any
+appearance of a court. One part of the nobility proscribed, the other
+removed from employments; an affectation of purity of manners, instead of
+the luxury which the pomp of courts displays all taken together,
+presented nothing but sad and serious objects in the finest city in the
+world; and therefore the Chevalier acquired nothing by this voyage but
+the idea of some merit in a profligate man, and the admiration of some
+concealed beauties he had found means to discover.
+
+Affairs wore quite a different appearance at his second voyage. The joy
+for the restoration of the royal family still appeared in all parts. The
+nation, fond of change and novelty, tasted the pleasure of a natural
+government, and seemed to breathe again after a long oppression. In
+short, the same people who, by a solemn abjuration, had excluded even the
+posterity of their lawful sovereign, exhausted themselves in festivals
+and rejoicings for his return.
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont arrived about two years after the restoration.
+The reception he met with in this court soon made him forget the other;
+and the engagements he in the end contracted in England lessened the
+regret he had in leaving France.
+
+This was a desirable retreat for an exile of his disposition.
+
+Everything flattered his taste, and if the adventures he had in this
+country were not the most considerable, they were at least the most
+agreeable of his life. But before we relate them it will not be improper
+to give some account of the English court, as it was at that period.
+
+The necessity of affairs had exposed Charles II. from his earliest youth
+to the toils and perils of a bloody war. The fate of the king his father
+had left him for inheritance nothing but his misfortunes and disgraces.
+They overtook him everywhere; but it was not until he had struggled with
+his ill-fortune to the last extremity that he submitted to the decrees of
+Providence.
+
+All those who were either great on account of their birth or their
+loyalty had followed him into exile; and all the young persons of the
+greatest distinction having afterwards joined him, composed a court
+worthy of a better fate.
+
+Plenty and prosperity, which are thought to tend only to corrupt manners,
+found nothing to spoil in an indigent and wandering court. Necessity, on
+the contrary, which produces a thousand advantages whether we will or no,
+served them for education; and nothing was to be seen among them but an
+emulation in glory, politeness, and virtue.
+
+With this little court, in such high esteem for merit, the King of
+England returned two years prior to the period we mention, to ascend a
+throne which, to all appearances, he was to fill as worthily as the most
+glorious of his predecessors. The magnificence displayed on thus
+occasion was renewed at his coronation.
+
+The death of the Duke of Gloucester, and of the Princess Royal, which
+followed soon after, had interrupted the course of this splendour by a
+tedious mourning, which they quitted at last to prepare for the reception
+of the Infanta of Portugal.
+
+   [The Princess Royal: Mary, eldest daughter of Charles I., born
+   November 4th, 1631, married to the Prince of Orange, 2nd May, 1641,
+   who died 27th October, 1650. She arrived in England, September
+   23rd, and died of the smallpox, December 24th, 1660,-according to
+   Bishop Burnet, not much lamented. "She had lived," says the author,
+   "in her widowhood for some years with great reputation, kept a
+   decent court, and supported her brothers very liberally; and lived
+   within bounds. But her mother, who had the art of making herself
+   believe anything she had a mind to, upon a conversation with the
+   queen-mother of France, fancied the King of France might be inclined
+   to marry her. So she wrote to her to come to Paris. In order to
+   that, she made an equipage far above what she could support. So she
+   ran herself into debt, sold all her jewels, and some estates that
+   were in her power as her son's guardian; and was not only
+   disappointed of that vain expectation, but fell into some
+   misfortunes that lessened the reputation she had formerly lived in."
+   History of his Own Times, vol. i., p. 238. She was mother of
+   William III.]
+
+   ["The Infanta, of Portugal landed in May (1662) at Portsmouth. The
+   king went thither, and was married privately by Lord Aubigny, a
+   secular priest, and almoner to the queen, according to the rites of
+   Rome, in the queen's chamber; none present but the Portuguese
+   ambassador, three more Portuguese of quality, and two or three
+   Portuguese women. What made this necessary was, that the Earl of
+   Sandwich did not marry her by proxy, as usual, before she came away.
+   How this happened, the duke knows not, nor did the chancellor know
+   of this private marriage. The queen would not be bedded, till
+   pronounced man and wife by Sheldon, bishop of London."--Extract 2,
+   from King James II.'s Journal.--Macpherson's State Papers, vol. i.
+   In the same collection is a curious letter from the King to Lord
+   Clarendon, giving his opinion of the queen after having seen her.]
+
+It was in the height of the rejoicings they were making for this new
+queen, in all the splendour of a brilliant court, that the Chevalier de
+Grammont arrived to contribute to its magnificence and diversions.
+
+Accustomed as he was to the grandeur of the court of France, he was
+surprised at the politeness and splendour of the court of England. The
+king was inferior to none, either in shape or air; his wit was pleasant;
+his disposition easy and affable; his soul, susceptible of opposite
+impressions, was compassionate to the unhappy, inflexible to the wicked,
+and tender even to excess; he showed great abilities in urgent affairs,
+but was incapable of application to any that were not so: his heart was
+often the dupe, but oftener the slave, of his engagements.
+
+The character of the Duke of York was entirely different he had the
+reputation of undaunted courage, an inviolable attachment for his word,
+great economy in his affairs, hauteur, application, arrogance, each in
+their turn: a scrupulous observer of the rules of duty and the laws of
+justice; he was accounted a faithful friend, and an implacable enemy.
+
+   [James, Duke of York, afterwards King James II. He was born 15th
+   October, 1633; succeeded his brother 6th February, 1684-5; abdicated
+   the crown in 1688; and died 6th September, 1701. Bishop Burnet's
+   character of him appears not very far from the truth.--"He was,"
+   says this writer, "very brave in his youth; and so much magnified by
+   Monsieur Turenne, that till his marriage lessened him, he really
+   clouded the king, and passed for the superior genius. He was
+   naturally candid and sincere, and a firm friend, till affairs and
+   his religion wore out all his first principles and inclinations he
+   had a great desire to understand affairs: and in order to that he
+   kept a constant journal of all that passed, of which he showed me a
+   great deal. The Duke of Buckingham gave me once a short but severe
+   character of the two brothers. It was the more severe, because it
+   was true: the king, (he said,) could see things if he would: and the
+   duke would see things if he could. He had no true judgment, and was
+   soon determined by those whom he trusted: but he was obstinate
+   against all other advices. He was bred with high notions of kingly
+   authority, and laid it down for a maxim, that all who opposed the
+   king were rebels in their hearts. He was perpetually in one amour
+   or other, without being very nice in his choice: upon which the king
+   once said, he believed his brother had his mistress given him by his
+   priests for penance. He was naturally eager and revengeful: and was
+   against the taking off any, that set up in an opposition to the
+   measures of the court, and who by that means grew popular in the
+   house of commons. He was for rougher methods. He continued many
+   years dissembling his religion, and seemed zealous for the church of
+   England, but it was chiefly on design to hinder all propositions,
+   that tended to unite us among ourselves. He was a frugal prince,
+   and brought his court into method and magnificence, for he had
+   L100,000. a-year allowed him. He was made high admiral, and he came
+   to understand all the concerns of the sea very particularly."]
+
+His morality and justice, struggling for some time with prejudice, had at
+last triumphed, by his acknowledging for his wife Miss Hyde, maid of
+honour to the Princess Royal, whom he had secretly married in Holland.
+Her father, from that time prime minister of England, supported by this
+new interest, soon rose to the head of affairs, and had almost ruined
+them: not that he wanted capacity, but he was too self-sufficient.
+
+The Duke of Ormond possessed the confidence and esteem of his master: the
+greatness of his services, the splendour of his merit and his birth, and
+the fortune he had abandoned in adhering to the fate of his prince,
+rendered him worthy of it nor durst the courtiers even murmur at seeing
+him grand steward of the household, first lord of the bed-chamber, and
+lord-lieutenant of Ireland. He exactly resembled the Marshal de
+Grammont, in the turn of his wit and the nobleness of his manners: and
+like him was the honour of his master's court.
+
+The Duke of Buckingham and the Earl of St. Albans were the same in
+England as they appeared in France: the one full of wit and vivacity,
+dissipated, without splendour, an immense estate upon which he had just
+entered: the other, a man of no great genius, had raised himself a
+considerable fortune from nothing, and by losing at play, and keeping a
+great table, made it appear greater than it was.
+
+   ["The Duke of Buckingham is again one hundred and forty thousand
+   pounds in debt; and by this prorogation his creditors have time to
+   tear all his lands to pieces."--Andrew Marvell's Works, 4to. edit.,
+   vol. i. p. 406.]
+
+Sir George Berkeley, afterwards Earl of Falmouth, was the confidant and
+favourite of the King: he commanded the Duke of York's regiment of
+guards, and governed the Duke himself. He had nothing very remarkable
+either in his wit, or his person; but his sentiments were worthy of the
+fortune which awaited him, when, on the very point of his elevation, he
+was killed at sea. Never did disinterestedness so perfectly characterise
+the greatness of the soul: he had no views but what tended to the glory
+of his master: his credit was never employed but in advising him to
+reward services, or to confer favours on merit: so polished in
+conversation, that the greater his power, the greater was his humility;
+and so sincere in all his proceedings, that he would never have been
+taken for a courtier.
+
+The Duke of Ormond's sons and his nephews had been in the king's court
+during his exile, and were far from diminishing its lustre after his
+return. The Earl of Arran had a singular address in all kinds of
+exercises, played well at tennis and on the guitar, and was pretty
+successful in gallantry: his elder brother, the Earl of Ossory, was not
+so lively, but of the most liberal sentiments, and of great probity.
+
+The elder of the Hamiltons, their cousin, was the man who of all the
+court dressed best: he was well made in his person, and possessed those
+happy talents which lead to fortune, and procure success in love: he was
+a most assiduous courtier, had the most lively wit, the most polished
+manners, and the most punctual attention to his master imaginable: no
+person danced better, nor was any one a more general lover: a merit of
+some account in a court entirely devoted to love and gallantry. It is
+not at all surprising, that with these qualities he succeeded my Lord
+Falmouth in the King's favour; but it is very extraordinary that he
+should have experienced the same destiny, as if this sort of war had been
+declared against merit only, and as if this sort of combat was fatal to
+none but such as had certain hopes of a splendid fortune. This, however,
+did not happen till some years afterwards.
+
+The beau Sydney, less dangerous than he appeared to be,
+
+   [Robert Sydney, third son of the Earl of Leicester, and brother of
+   the famous Algernon Sydney, who was beheaded. This is Lord Orford's
+   account; though, on less authority, I should have been inclined to
+   have considered Henry Sydney, his younger brother, who was
+   afterwards created Earl of Rumney, and died 8th April, 1704, as the
+   person intended. There are some circumstances which seem
+   particularly to point to him. Burnet, speaking of him, says, "he
+   was a, graceful man, and had lived long in the court, where he lead
+   some adventures that became very public. He was a man of a sweet
+   and caressing temper, had no malice in his heart, but too great a
+   love of pleasure. He had been sent envoy to Holland in the year
+   1679, where he entered into such particular confidences with the
+   prince, that he had the highest measure of his trust and favour that
+   any Englishman ever had."--History of his Own Times, vol. ii., p.
+   494.
+
+   In the Essay on Satire, by Dryden and Mulgrave, he is spoken of in
+   no very decent terms.
+
+        "And little Sid, for simile renown'd,
+        Pleasure has always sought, but never found
+        Though all his thoughts on wine and women fall,
+        His are so bad, sure he ne'er thinks at all.
+        The flesh he lives upon is rank and strong;
+        His meat and mistresses are kept too long.
+        But sure we all mistake this pious man,
+        Who mortifies his person all he can
+        What we uncharitably take for sin,
+        Are only rules of this odd capuchin;
+        For never hermit, under grave pretence,
+        Has lived more contrary to common sense."
+
+   These verses, however, have been applied to Sir Charles Sedley,
+   whose name was originally spelt Sidley. Robert Sydney died at
+   Pensburst, 1674.]
+
+had not sufficient vivacity to support the impression which his figure
+made; but little Jermyn was on all sides successful in his intrigues.
+The old Earl of St. Albans, his uncle, had for a long time adopted him,
+though the youngest of all his nephews. It is well known what a table
+the good man kept at Paris, while the King his master was starving at
+Brussels, and the Queen Dowager, his mistress, lived not over well in
+France.
+
+   [To what a miserable state the queen was reduced may be seen in the
+   following extract from De Retz.--"Four or five days before the king
+   removed from Paris, I went to visit the Queen of England, whom I
+   found in her daughter's chamber, who hath been since Duchess of
+   Orleans. At my coming in she said, 'You see I am come to keep
+   Henrietta company. The poor child could not rise to-day for want of
+   a fire.' The truth is, that the cardinal for six months together
+   had not ordered her any money towards her pension; that no
+   trades-people would trust her for anything; and that there was not at
+   her lodgings in the Louvre one single billet. You will do me the
+   justice to suppose that the Princess of England did not keep her bed
+   the next day for want of a faggot; but it was not this which the
+   Princess of Conde meant in her letter. What she spoke about was,
+   that some days after my visiting the Queen of England, I remembered
+   the condition I had found her in, and had strongly represented the
+   shame of abandoning her in that manner, which caused the parliament
+   to send 40,000 livres to her majesty. Posterity will hardly believe
+   that a Princess of England, grand-daughter of Henry the Great, hath
+   wanted a faggot, in the month of January, to get out of bed in the
+   Louvre, and in the eyes of a French court. We read in histories,
+   with horror, of baseness less monstrous than this; and the little
+   concern I have met with about it in most people's minds, has obliged
+   me to make, I believe, a thousand times, this reflection,--that
+   examples of times past move men beyond comparison more than those of
+   their own times. We accustom ourselves to what we see; and I have
+   sometimes told you, that I doubted whether Caligula's horse being
+   made a consul would have surprised us so much as we imagine."
+   --Memoirs, vol. i., p. 261. As for the relative situation of the king
+   and Lord Jermyn, (afterwards St. Albans,) Lord Clarendon says, that
+   the "Marquis of Ormond was compelled to put himself in prison, with
+   other gentlemen, at a pistole a-week for his diet, and to walk the
+   streets a-foot, which was no honourable custom in Paris, whilst the
+   Lord Jermyn kept an excellent table for those who courted him, and
+   had a coach of his own, and all other accommodations incident to the
+   most full fortune: and if the king had the most urgent occasion for
+   the use but of twenty pistoles, as sometimes he had, he could not
+   find credit to borrow it, which he often had experiment of."
+   --History of the Rebellion, vol. iii., p. 2.]
+
+Jermyn, supported by his uncle's wealth, found it no difficult matter to
+make a considerable figure upon his arrival at the court of the Princess
+of Orange: the poor courtiers of the king her brother could not vie with
+him in point of equipage and magnificence; and these two articles often
+produce as much success in love as real merit: there is no necessity for
+any other example than the present; for though Jermyn was brave, and
+certainly a gentleman, yet he had neither brilliant actions, nor
+distinguished rank, to set him off; and as for his fibre, there was
+nothing advantageous in it. He was little: his head was large and his
+legs small; his features were not disagreeable, but he was affected in
+his carriage and behaviour. All his wit consisted in expressions learnt
+by rote, which he occasionally employed either in raillery, or in love.
+This was the whole foundation of the merit of a man so formidable in
+amours.
+
+The Princess Royal was the first who was taken with him: Miss Hyde seemed
+to be following the steps of her mistress: this immediately brought him
+into credit, and his reputation was established in England before his
+arrival. Prepossession in the minds of women is sufficient to find
+access to their hearts: Jermyn found them in dispositions so favourable
+for him, that he had nothing to do but to speak.
+
+It was in vain they perceived that a reputation so lightly established,
+was still more weakly sustained: the prejudice remained: the Countess of
+Castlemaine, a woman lively and discerning followed the delusive shadow;
+and though undeceived in a reputation which promised so much, and
+performed so little, she nevertheless continued in her infatuation: she
+even persisted in it, until she was upon the point of embroiling herself
+with the King; so great was this first instance of her constancy.
+
+Such were the heroes of the court. As for the beauties, you could not
+look anywhere without seeing them: those of the greatest reputation were
+this same Countess of Castlemaine, afterwards Duchess of Cleveland, Lady
+Chesterfield, Lady Shrewsbury, the Mrs. Roberts, Mrs. Middleton, the
+Misses Brooks, and a thousand others, who shone at court with equal
+lustre; but it was Miss Hamilton and Miss Stewart who were its chief
+ornaments.
+
+   [Lady Shrewsbury: Anna, Maria, Countess of Shrewsbury, eldest
+   daughter of Robert Brudenel, Earl of Cardigan, and wife of Francis,
+   Earl of Shrewsbury, who was killed in a duel by George, Duke of
+   Buckingham, March 16, 1667. She afterwards re-married with George
+   Rodney Bridges, Esq., second son of Sir Thomas Bridges of Keynsham,
+   in Somersetshire, knight, and died April 20, 1702. By her second
+   husband she had one son, George Rodney Bridges, who died in 1751.
+   This woman is said to have been so abandoned, as to have held, in
+   the habit of a page, her gallant, the duke's horse, while he fought
+   and killed her husband; after which she went to bed with him,
+   stained with her husband's blood.]
+
+The new queen gave but little additional brilliancy to the court, either
+in her person or in her retinue, which was then composed of the Countess
+de Panetra, who came over with her in quality of lady of the bedchamber;
+six frights, who called themselves maids of honour, and a duenna, another
+monster, who took the title of governess to those extraordinary beauties.
+
+   [Lord Clarendon confirms, in some measure, this account. "There
+   was a numerous family of men and women, that were sent from
+   Portugal, the most improper to promote that conformity in the queen
+   that was necessary for her condition and future happiness that could
+   be chosen; the women, for the most part, old, and ugly, and proud,
+   incapable of any conversation with persons of quality and a liberal
+   education: and they desired, and indeed had conspired so far to
+   possess the queen themselves, that she should neither learn the
+   English language, nor use their habit, nor depart from the manners
+   and fashions of her own country in any particulars: which
+   resolution," they told, "would be for the dignity of Portugal, and
+   would quickly induce the English ladies to conform to her majesty's
+   practice. And this imagination had made that impression, that the
+   tailor who had been sent into Portugal to make her clothes could
+   never be admitted to see her, or receive any employment. Nor when
+   she came to Portsmouth, and found there several ladies of honour and
+   prime quality to attend her in the places to which they were
+   assigned by the king, did she receive any of them till the king
+   himself came; nor then with any grace, or the liberty that belonged
+   to their places and offices. She could not be persuaded to be
+   dressed out of the wardrobe that the king had sent to her, but would
+   wear the clothes which she had brought, until she found that the
+   king was displeased, and would be obeyed; whereupon she conformed,
+   against the advice of her women, who continued their opiniatrety,
+   without any one of them receding from their own mode, which exposed
+   them the more to reproach."--Continuation of Clarendon's Life, p.
+   168. In a short time after their arrival in England, they were
+   ordered back to Portugal.]
+
+Among the men were Francisco de Melo, brother to the Countess de Panetra;
+one Taurauvedez, who called himself Don Pedro Francisco Correo de Silva,
+extremely handsome, but a greater fool than all the Portuguese put
+together: he was more vain of his names than of his person; but the Duke
+of Buckingham, a still greater fool than he, though more addicted to
+raillery, gave him the additional name of Peter of the Wood. He was so
+enraged at this, that, after many fruitless complaints and ineffectual
+menaces, poor Pedro de Silva was obliged to leave England, while the
+happy duke kept possession of a Portuguese nymph more hideous than the
+queen's maids of honour, whom he had taken from him, as well as two of
+his names. Besides these, there were six chaplains, four bakers, a Jew
+perfumer, and a certain officer, probably without an office, who called
+himself her highness's barber. Katharine de Braganza was far from
+appearing with splendour in the charming court where she came to reign;
+however, in the end she was pretty successful.
+
+   [Lord Clarendon says, "the queen had beauty and wit enough to make
+   herself agreeable to him (the king); and it is very certain, that,
+   at their first meeting, and for some time after, the King had very
+   good satisfaction in her. . . . Though she was of years enough
+   to have had more experience of the world, and of as much wit as
+   could be wished, and of a humour very agreeable at some seasons,
+   yet, she had been bred, according to the mode and discipline of her
+   country, in a monastery, where she had only seen the women who
+   attended her, and conversed with the religious who resided there;
+   and, without doubt, in her inclinations, was enough disposed to have
+   been one of that number: and from this restraint she was called out
+   to be a great queen, and to a free conversation in a court that was
+   to be upon the matter new formed, and reduced from the manners of a
+   licentious age to the old rules and limits which had been observed
+   in better times; to which regular and decent conformity the present
+   disposition of men or women was not enough inclined to submit, nor
+   the king enough disposed to exact."--Continuation of Lord
+   Clarendon's Life, p. 167. After some struggle, she submitted to the
+   king's licentious conduct, and from that time lived upon easy terms
+   with him, until his death. On the 30th March, 1692, she left
+   Somerset-house, her usual residence, and retired to Lisbon, where
+   she died, 31st December, 1705, N. S.]
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont, who had been long known to the royal family,
+and to most of the gentlemen of the court, had only to get acquainted
+with the ladies; and for this he wanted no interpreter: they all spoke
+French enough to explain themselves, and they all understood it
+sufficiently to comprehend what he had to say to them.
+
+The queen's court was always very numerous; that of the duchess was less
+so, but more select. This princess had a majestic air, a pretty good
+shape, not much beauty, a great deal of wit, and so just a discernment of
+merit, that, whoever of either sex were possessed of it, were sure to be
+distinguished by her: an air of grandeur in all her actions made her be
+considered as if born to support the rank: which placed her so near the
+throne.
+
+   ["The Duchess of York," says Bishop Burnet, "was a very
+   extraordinary woman. She had great knowledge, and a lively sense of
+   things. She soon understood what belonged to a princess, and took
+   state on her rather too much. She wrote well, and had begun the
+   duke's life, of which she showed me a volume. It was all drawn from
+   his journal; and he intended to have employed me in carrying it on.
+   She was bred in great strictness in religion, and practised secret
+   confession. Morley told me he was her confessor. She began at
+   twelve years old, and continued under his direction till, upon her
+   father's disgrace, he was put from the court. She was generous and
+   friendly, but was too severe an enemy."-history of his Own Times,
+   vol. i., p. 237. She was contracted to the duke at Breda,
+   November 24, 1659, and married at Worcester-house, 3rd September,
+   1660, in the night, between eleven and two, by Dr. Joseph Crowther,
+   the duke's chaplain; the Lord Ossory giving her in marriage.
+   --Kennet's Register, p. 246. She died 31st March, 1671, having
+   previously acknowledged herself to be a Roman Catholic.--See also
+   her character by Bishop Morley.--Kennet's Register, p. 385, 390.]
+
+The queen dowager returned after the marriage of the princess royal, and
+it was in her court that the two others met.
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont was soon liked by all parties those who had not
+known him before were surprised to see a Frenchman of his disposition.
+The king's restoration having drawn a great number of foreigners from all
+countries to the court, the French were rather in disgrace; for, instead
+of any persons of distinction having appeared among the first who came
+over, they had only seen some insignificant puppies, each striving to
+outdo the other in folly and extravagance, despising everything which
+was not like themselves, and thinking they introduced the 'bel air', by
+treating the English as strangers in their own country.
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont, on the contrary, was familiar with everybody:
+he gave in to their customs, eat of everything, and easily habituated
+himself to their manner of living, which he looked upon as neither vulgar
+nor barbarous; and as he showed a natural complaisance, instead of the
+impertinent affectation of the others, all the nation was charmed with a
+man, who agreeably indemnified them for what they had suffered from the
+folly of the former.
+
+He first of all made his court to the king, and was of all his parties
+of pleasure: he played high, and lost but seldom: he found so little
+difference in the manners and conversation of those with whom he chiefly
+associated, that he could scarcely believe he was out of his own country.
+Everything which could agreeably engage a man of his disposition,
+presented itself to his different humours, as if the pleasures of the
+court of France had quitted it to accompany him in his exile.
+
+He was every day engaged for some entertainment; and those who wished to
+regale him in their turn, were obliged to take their measures in time,
+and to invite him eight or ten days before hand. These importunate
+civilities became tiresome in the long run; but as they seemed
+indispensable to a man of his disposition, and as they were the most
+genteel people of the court who loaded him with them, he submitted with
+a good grace; but always reserved to himself the liberty of supping at
+home.
+
+His supper hour depended upon play, and was indeed very uncertain;
+but his supper was always served up with the greatest elegance, by the
+assistance of one or two servants, who were excellent caterers and good
+attendants, but understood cheating still better.
+
+The company, at these little entertainments, was not numerous, but
+select: the first people of the court were commonly of the party; but the
+man, who of all others suited him best on these occasions, never failed
+to attend: that was the celebrated Saint Evremond, who with great
+exactness, but too great freedom, had written the history of the treaty
+of the Pyrenees: an exile like himself, though for very different
+reasons.
+
+Happily for them both, fortune had, some time before the arrival of the
+Chevalier de Grammont, brought Saint Evremond to England, after he had
+had leisure to repent in Holland of the beauties of that famous satire.
+
+   [Charles de St. Denis, Seigneur de Saint Evremond, was born at St.
+   Denis le Guast, in Lower Normandy, on the 1st of April, 1613. He
+   was educated at Paris, with a view to the profession of the law; but
+   he early quitted that pursuit, and went into the army, where he
+   signalized himself on several occasions. At the time of the
+   Pyrenean treaty, he wrote a letter censuring the conduct of Cardinal
+   Mazarin, which occasioned his being banished France. He first took
+   refuge in Holland; but, in 1662, he removed into England, where he
+   continued, with a short interval, during the rest of his life. In
+   1675, the Duchess of Mazarin came to reside in England; and with her
+   St. Evremond passed much of his time. He preserved his health and
+   cheerfulness to a very great age, and died 9th of September, 1703,
+   aged ninety years, five months, and twenty days. His biographer
+   Monsieur Des Maizeaux, describes him thus: "M. de St. Evremond had
+   blue, lively, and sparkling eyes, a large forehead, thick eyebrows,
+   a handsome mouth, and a sneering physiognomy. Twenty years before
+   his death, a wen grew between his eye-brows, which in time increased
+   to a considerable bigness. He once designed to have it cut off, but
+   as it was no ways troublesome to him, and he little regarded that
+   kind of deformity, Dr. Le Fevre advised him to let it alone, lest
+   such an operation should be attended with dangerous symptoms in a
+   man of his age. He would often make merry with himself on account
+   of his wen, his great leather cap, and grey hair, which he chose to
+   wear rather than a periwig."  St. Evremond was a kind of Epicurean
+   philosopher, and drew his own character in the following terms, in a
+   letter to Count de Grammont. He was a philosopher equally removed
+   from superstition and impiety; a voluptuary who had no less aversion
+   from debauchery than inclination for pleasure: a man who had never
+   felt the pressure of indigence, and who had never been in possession
+   of affluence: he lived in a condition despised by those who have
+   everything, envied by those who have nothing, and relished by those
+   who make their reason the foundation of their happiness. When he
+   was young he hated profusion, being persuaded that some degree of
+   wealth was necessary for the conveniencies of a long life: when he
+   was old, he could hardly endure economy, being of opinion that want
+   is little to be dreaded when a man has but little time left to be
+   miserable. He was well pleased with nature, and did not complain of
+   fortune. He hated vice, was indulgent to frailties, and lamented
+   misfortunes. He sought not after the failings of men with a design
+   to expose them; he only found what was ridiculous in them for his
+   own amusement: he had a secret pleasure in discovering this himself,
+   and would, indeed, have had a still greater in discovering this to
+   others, had not he been checked by discretion. Life, in his
+   opinion, was too short to read all sorts of books, and to burden
+   one's memory with a multitude of things, at the expense of one's
+   judgment. He did not apply himself to the most learned writings, in
+   order to acquire knowledge, but to the most rational, to fortify his
+   reason: he sometimes chose the most delicate, to give delicacy to
+   his own taste, and sometimes the most agreeable, to give the same to
+   his own genius. It remains that he should be described, such as he
+   was, in friendship and in religion. In friendship he was more
+   constant than a philosopher, and more sincere than a young man of
+   good nature without experience. With regard to religion, his piety
+   consisted more in justice and charity than in penance or
+   mortification. He placed his confidence in God, trusting in His
+   goodness, and hoping that in the bosom of His providence he should
+   find his repose and his felicity."--He was buried in Westminster
+   Abbey.]
+
+The Chevalier was from that time his hero: they had each of them attained
+to all the advantages which a knowledge of the world, and the society of
+people of fashion, could add to the improvement of good natural talents.
+Saint Evremond, less engaged in frivolous pursuits, frequently gave
+little lectures to the Chevalier, and by making observations upon the
+past, endeavoured to set him right for the present, or to instruct him
+for the future. "You are now," said he, "in the most agreeable way of
+life a man of your temper could wish for: you are the delight of a
+youthful, sprightly, and gallant court: the king has never a party of
+pleasure to which you are not admitted. You play from morning to night,
+or, to speak more properly, from night to morning, without knowing
+what it is to lose. Far from losing the money you brought hither, as you
+have done in other places, you have doubled it, trebled it, multiplied it
+almost beyond your wishes, notwithstanding the exorbitant expenses you
+are imperceptibly led into. This, without doubt, is the most desirable
+situation in the, world: stop here, Chevalier, and do not ruin your
+affairs by returning to your old sins. Avoid love, by pursuing other
+pleasures: love has never been favourable to you.
+
+   ["Saint Evremond and Bussi-Rabutin, who have also written on the
+   life of the Count de Grammont, agree with Hamilton in representing
+   him as a man less fortunate in love than at play; not seeking for
+   any other pleasure in the conquest of a woman but that of depriving
+   another of her; and not able to persuade any one of his passion,
+   because he spoke to her, as at all other times, in jest: but cruelly
+   revenging himself on those who refused to hear him; corrupting the
+   servants of those whom they did favour, counterfeiting their
+   handwriting, intercepting their letters, disconcerting their
+   rendezvous; in one word, disturbing their amours by everything which
+   a rival, prodigal, indefatigable, and full of artifice, can be
+   imagined to do. The straitest ties of blood could not secure any
+   one from his detraction. His nephew, the Count de Guiche, was a
+   victim: he had in truth, offended the Count de Grammont, by having
+   supplanted him in the affection of the Countess de Fiesque, whom he
+   loved afterwards for the space of twelve years. Here was enough to
+   irritate the self-love of a man less persuaded of his own merit."
+   Hamilton does not describe the exterior of the count, but accuses
+   Bussi-Rabutin of having, in the following description, given a more
+   agreeable than faithful portrait of him: "The chevalier had laughing
+   eyes, a well-formed nose, a beautiful mouth, a small dimple in the
+   chin, which had an agreeable effect on his countenance, a certain
+   delicacy in his physiognomy, and a handsome shape, if he had not
+   stooped."]
+
+"You are sensible how much gallantry has cost you; and every person here
+is not so well acquainted with that matter as yourself. Play boldly:
+entertain the court with your wit: divert the king by your ingenious and
+entertaining stories; but avoid all engagements which can deprive you of
+this merit, and make you forget you are a stranger and an exile in this
+delightful country.
+
+"Fortune may bow weary of befriending you at play. What would have
+become of you, if your last misfortune had happened to you when your
+money had been at as low an ebb as I have known it? Attend carefully
+then to this necessary deity, and renounce the other. You will be missed
+at the court of France before you grow weary of this; but be that as it
+may, lay up a good store of money: when a man is rich he consoles himself
+for his banishment. I know you well, my dear Chevalier: if you take it
+into your head to seduce a lady, or to supplant a lover, your gains at
+play will by no means suffice for presents and for bribes: no, let play
+be as productive to you as it can be, you will never gain so much by it
+as you will lose by love, if you yield to it.
+
+"You are in possession of a thousand splendid qualifications which
+distinguish you here: generous, benevolent, elegant, and polite; and for
+your engaging wit, inimitable. Upon a strict examination, perhaps, all
+this would not be found literally true; but these are brilliant marks;
+and since it is granted that you possess them, do not show yourself here
+in any other light: for, in love, if your manner of paying your addresses
+can be so denominated, you do not in the least resemble the picture I
+have just now drawn."
+
+"My little philosophical monitor," said the Chevalier de Grammont, "you
+talk here as if you were the Cato of Normandy." "Do I say anything
+untrue?" replied Saint Evremond: "Is it not a fact, that as soon as a
+woman pleases you, your first care is to find out whether she has any
+other lover, and your second how to plague her; for the gaining her
+affection is the last thing in your thoughts. You seldom engage in
+intrigues, but to disturb the happiness of others: a mistress who has no
+lovers would have no charms for you, and if she has, she would be
+invaluable. Do not all the places through which you have passed furnish
+me with a thousand examples? Shall I mention your coup d'essai at Turin?
+the trick you played at Fontainebleau, where you robbed the Princess
+Palatine's courier upon the highway? and for what purpose was this fine
+exploit, but to put you in possession of some proofs of her affection for
+another, in order to give her uneasiness and confusion by reproaches and
+menaces, which you had no right to use?
+
+"Who but yourself ever took it into his head to place himself in ambush
+upon the stairs, to disturb a man in an intrigue, and to pull him back by
+the leg when he was half way up to his mistress's chamber? yet did not
+you use your friend the Duke of Buckingham in this manner, when he was
+stealing at night to------although you were not in the least his rival?
+How many spies did not you send out after d'Olonne?
+
+   [Mademoiselle de la Loupe, who is mentioned in De Retz's Memoirs,
+   vol. iii., p. 95. She married the Count d'Olonne, and became
+   famous for her gallantries, of which the Count de Bussi speaks so
+   much, in his History of the Amours of the Gauls. Her maiden name
+   was Catherine Henrietta d'Angennes, and she was daughter to Charles
+   d'Angennes, Lord of la Loupe, Baron of Amberville, by Mary du
+   Raynier. There is a long character of her by St. Evremond, in his
+   works, vol. i., p. 17. The same writer, mentioning the concern of
+   some ladies for the death of the Duke of Candale, says, "But his
+   true mistress (the Countess d'Olonne) made herself famous by the
+   excess of her affliction, and had, in my opinion, been happy, if she
+   had kept it on to the last. One amour is creditable to a lady; and
+   I know not whether it be not more advantageous to their reputation
+   than never to have been in love."--St. Evremond's works, vol. ii.,
+   p. 24.]
+
+"How many tricks, frauds, and persecutions, did you not practise for the
+Countess de Fiesque, who perhaps might have been constant to you, if you
+had not yourself forced her to be otherwise? But, to conclude, for the
+enumeration of your iniquities would be endless, give me leave to ask
+you, how you came here? Are not we obliged to that same evil genius of
+yours, which rashly inspired you to intermeddle even in the gallantries
+of your prince? Show some discretion then on this point here, I beseech
+you; all the beauties of the court are already engaged; and however
+docile the English may be with respect to their wives, they can by no
+means bear the inconstancy of their mistresses, nor patiently suffer the
+advantages of a rival: suffer them therefore to remain in tranquillity,
+and do not gain their ill-will for no purpose.
+
+"You certainly will meet with no success with such as are unmarried:
+honourable views, and good landed property, are required here; and you
+possess as much of the one as the other. Every country has its customs:
+in Holland, unmarried ladies are of easy access, and of tender
+dispositions; but as soon as ever they are married, they become like so
+many Lucretias: in France, the women are great coquettes before marriage,
+and still more so afterwards; but here it is a miracle if a young lady
+yields to any proposal but that of matrimony and I do not believe you yet
+so destitute of grace as to think of that."
+
+Such were Saint Evremond's lectures; but they were all to no purpose: the
+Chevalier de Grammont only attended to them for his amusement; and though
+he was sensible of the truth they contained, he paid little regard to
+them: in fact, being weary of the favours of fortune, he had just
+resolved to pursue those of love.
+
+Mrs. Middleton was the first whom he attacked: she was one of the
+Handsomest women in town, though then little known at court: so much of
+the coquette as to discourage no one; and so great was her desire of
+appearing magnificently, that she was ambitious to vie with those of the
+greatest fortunes, though unable to support the expense. All this suited
+the Chevalier de Grammont; therefore, without trifling away his time in
+useless ceremonies, he applied to her porter for admittance, and chose
+one of her lovers for his confidant.
+
+This lover, who was not deficient in wit, was at that time a Mr. Jones,
+afterwards Earl of Ranelagh: what engaged him to serve the Chevalier de
+Grammont, was to traverse the designs of a most dangerous rival, and to
+relieve himself from an expense which began to lie too heavy upon him.
+In both respects the Chevalier answered his purpose.
+
+Immediately spies were placed, letters and presents flew about: he was
+received as well as he could wish: he was permitted to ogle: he was even
+ogled again; but this was all. He found that the fair one was very
+willing to accept, but was tardy in making returns. This induced him,
+without giving up his pretensions to her, to seek his fortune elsewhere.
+
+Among the queen's maids of honour, there was one called Warmestre: she
+was a beauty very different from the other. Mrs. Middleton was well
+made, fair, and delicate; but had in her behaviour and discourse
+something precise and affected. The indolent languishing airs she gave
+herself did not please everybody: people grew weary of those sentiments
+of delicacy, which she endeavoured to explain without understanding them
+herself; and instead of entertaining she became tiresome. In these
+attempts she gave herself so much trouble, that she made the company
+uneasy, and her ambition to pass for a wit, only established her the
+reputation of being tiresome, which lasted much longer than her beauty.
+
+Miss Warmestre was brown: she had no shape at all, and still less air;
+but she had a very lively complexion, very sparkling eyes, tempting
+looks, which spared nothing that might ensnare a lover, and promised
+everything which could preserve him. In the end, it very plainly
+appeared that her consent went along with her eyes to the last degree of
+indiscretion.
+
+It was between these two goddesses that the inclinations of the Chevalier
+de Grammont stood wavering, and between whom his presents were divided.
+Perfumed gloves, pocket looking-glasses, elegant boxes, apricot paste,
+essences, and other small wares of love, arrived every week from Paris,
+with some new suit for himself; but, with regard to more solid presents,
+such as ear-rings, diamonds, brilliants, and bright guineas, all this was
+to be met with of the best sort in London, and the ladies were as well
+pleased with them as if they had been brought from abroad.
+
+Miss Stewart's beauty began at this time to be celebrated.
+
+   [Frances, Duchess of Richmond, daughter of Walter Stewart, son of
+   Walter, Baron of Blantyre, and wife of Charles Stewart, Duke of
+   Richmond and Lennox: a lady of exquisite beauty, if justly
+   represented in a puncheon made by Roettiere, his majesty's engraver
+   of the mint, in order to strike a medal of her, which exhibits the
+   finest face that perhaps was ever seen. The king was supposed to be
+   desperately in love with her; and it became common discourse, that
+   there was a design on foot to get him divorced from the queen, in
+   order to marry this lady. Lord Clarendon was thought to have
+   promoted the match with the Duke of Richmond, thereby to prevent the
+   other design, which he imagined would hurt the king's character,
+   embroil his affairs at present, and entail all the evils of a
+   disputed succession on the nation. Whether he actually encouraged
+   the Duke of Richmond's marriage, doth not appear; but it is certain
+   that he was so strongly possessed of the king's inclination to a
+   divorce, that, even after his disgrace, he was persuaded the Duke of
+   Buckingham had under taken to carry that matter through the
+   parliament. It is certain too that the king considered him as the
+   chief promoter of Miss Stewart's marriage, and resented it in the
+   highest degree. (See Pepys' Diaries. Ed.) The ceremony took place
+   privately, and it was publicly declared in April, 1667. From one of
+   Sir Robert Southwell's dispatches, dated Lisbon, December ?/12,
+   1667, it appears that the report of the queen's intended divorce had
+   not then subsided in her native country.--History of the Revolutions
+   of Portugal, 1740, p. 352. The duchess became a widow in 1672, and
+   died October 15, 1702. See Burnet's History, Ludlow's Memoirs, and
+   Carte's Life of the Duke of Ormond. A figure in wax of this duchess
+   is still to be seen in Westminster-abbey.]
+
+The Countess of Castlemaine perceived that the king paid attention to
+her; but, instead of being alarmed at it, she favoured, as far as she was
+able, this new inclination, whether from an indiscretion common to all
+those who think themselves superior to the rest of mankind, or whether
+she designed, by this pastime, to divert the king's attention from the
+commerce which she held with Jermyn. She was not satisfied with
+appearing without any degree of uneasiness at a preference which all
+the court began to remark: she even affected to make Miss Stewart her
+favourite, and invited her to all the entertainments she made for the
+king; and, in confidence of her own charms, with the greatest
+indiscretion, she often kept her to sleep. The king, who seldom
+neglected to visit the countess before she rose, seldom failed likewise
+to find Miss Stewart in bed with her. The most indifferent objects have
+charms in a new attachment: however, the imprudent countess was not
+jealous of this rival's appearing with her, in such a situation, being
+confident, that whenever she thought fit, she could triumph over all the
+advantages which these opportunities could afford Miss Stewart; but she
+was quite mistaken.
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont took notice of this conduct, without being able
+to comprehend it; but, as he was attentive to the inclinations of the
+king, he began to make his court to him, by enhancing the merit of this
+new mistress. Her figure was more showy than engaging: it was hardly
+possible for a woman to have less wit, or more beauty: all her features
+were fine and regular; but her shape was not good: yet she was slender,
+straight enough, and taller than the generality of women: she was very
+graceful, danced well, and spoke French better than her mother tongue:
+she was well bred, and possessed, in perfection, that air of dress which
+is so much admired, and which cannot be attained, unless it be taken when
+young, in France. While her charms were gaining ground in the king's
+heart, the Countess of Castlemaine amused herself in the gratification of
+all her caprices.
+
+Mrs. Hyde was one of the first of the beauties who were prejudiced with
+a blind prepossession in favour of Jermyn she had just married a man whom
+she loved: by this marriage she became sister-in-law to the duchess,
+brilliant by her own native lustre, and full of pleasantry and wit.
+However, she was of opinion, that so long as she was not talked of on
+account of Jermyn, all her other advantages would avail nothing for her
+glory: it was, therefore, to receive this finishing stroke, that she
+resolved to throw herself into his arms.
+
+She was of a middle size, had a skin of a dazzling whiteness, fine hands,
+and a foot surprisingly beautiful, even in England: long custom had given
+such a languishing tenderness to her looks, that she never opened her
+eyes but like a Chinese; and, when she ogled, one would have thought she
+was doing something else.
+
+Jermyn accepted of her at first; but, being soon puzzled what to do with
+her, he thought it best to sacrifice her to Lady Castlemaine. The
+sacrifice was far from being displeasing to her; it was much to her glory
+to have carried off Jermyn from so many competitors; but this was of no
+consequence in the end.
+
+Jacob Hall (the famous rope-dancer) was at that time in vogue in London;
+his strength and agility charmed in public, even to a wish to know what
+he was in private; for he appeared, in his tumbling dress, to be quite of
+a different make, and to have limbs very different from the fortunate
+Jermyn.
+
+   ["There was a symmetry and elegance, as well as strength and
+   agility, in the person of Jacob Hall, which was much admired by the
+   ladies, who regarded him as a due composition of Hercules and
+   Adonis. The open-hearted Duchess of Cleveland was said to have been
+   in love with this rope-dancer and Goodman the player at the same
+   time. The former received a salary from her grace."--Granger, vol.
+   ii., part 2, p. 461. In reference to the connection between the
+   duchess and the ropedancer, Mr. Pope introduced the following lines
+   into his "Sober Advice from Horace:"
+
+        "What push'd poor E--s on th' imperial whore?
+        'Twas but to be where Charles had been before,
+        The fatal steel unjustly was apply'd,
+        When not his lust offended, but his pride
+        Too hard a penance for defeated sin,
+        Himself shut out, and Jacob Hall let in."]
+
+The tumbler did not deceive Lady Castlemaine's expectations, if report
+may be believed; and as was intimated in many a song, much more to the
+honour of the rope-dancer than of the countess; but she despised all
+these rumours, and only appeared still more handsome.
+
+While satire thus found employment at her cost, there were continual
+contests for the favours of another beauty, who was not much more
+niggardly in that way than herself; this was the Countess of Shrewsbury.
+
+The Earl of Arran, who had been one of her first admirers, was not one of
+the last to desert her; this beauty, less famous for her conquests than
+for the misfortunes she occasioned, placed her greatest merits in being
+more capricious than any other. As no person could boast of being the
+only one in her favour; so no person could complain of having been ill
+received.
+
+Jermyn was displeased that she had made no advances to him, without
+considering that she had no leisure for it; his pride was offended; but
+the attempt which he made to take her from the rest of her lovers was
+very ill-advised.
+
+Thomas Howard, brother to the Earl of Carlisle, was one of them; there
+was not a braver, nor a more genteel man in England; and though he was
+of a modest demeanour, and his manners appeared gentle and pacific, no
+person was more spirited nor more passionate. Lady Shrewsbury,
+inconsiderately returning the first ogles of the invincible Jermyn, did
+not at all make herself more agreeable to Howard; that, however, she paid
+little attention to; yet, as she designed to keep fair with him, she
+consented to accept an entertainment which he had often proposed, and
+which she durst no longer refuse. A place of amusement, called Spring
+Garden,--was fixed upon for the scene of this entertainment.
+
+As soon as the party was settled, Jermyn was privately informed of it.
+Howard had a company in the regiment of guards, and one of the soldiers
+of his company played pretty well on the bagpipes; this soldier was
+therefore at the entertainment. Jermyn was at the garden, as by chance;
+and, puffed up with his former successes, he trusted to his victorious
+air for accomplishing this last enterprise; he no sooner appeared on the
+walks, than her ladyship showed herself upon the balcony.
+
+I know not how she stood affected to her hero; but Howard did not fancy
+him much; this did not prevent his coming up stairs upon the first sign
+she made to him; and not content with acting the petty tyrant, at an
+entertainment not made for himself, no sooner had he gained the soft
+looks of the fair one, than he exhausted all his common-place, and all
+his stock of low irony, in railing at the entertainment, and ridiculing
+the music.
+
+   [Spring Garden: They stay there so long as if they wanted not time
+   to finish the race; for it is usual here to find some of the young
+   company till midnight; and the thickets of the garden seem to be
+   contrived to all advantages of gallantry, after they have refreshed
+   with the collation, which is here seldom omitted, at a certain
+   cabaret, in the middle of this paradise, where the forbidden fruits
+   are certain trifling tarts, newts' tongues, spacious meats, and bad
+   Rhenish, for which the gallants pay sauce, as indeed they do at all
+   such houses throughout England; for they think it a piece of
+   frugality beneath them to bargain or account for what they eat in
+   any place, however unreasonably imposed upon.''-Character of
+   England, 12mo., 1659, p. 56, written, it is said, by John Evelyn,
+   Esq. Spring Garden is the scene of intrigue in many of our comedies
+   of this period.]
+
+Howard possessed but little raillery, and still less patience; three
+times was the banquet on the point of being stained with blood; but three
+times did he suppress his natural impetuosity, in order to satisfy his
+resentment elsewhere with greater freedom.
+
+Jermyn, without paying the least attention to his ill-humour, pursued his
+point, continued talking to Lady Shrewsbury, and did not leave her until
+the repast was ended.
+
+He went to bed, proud of this triumph, and was awakened next morning by a
+challenge. He took for his second Giles Rawlings, a man of intrigue, and
+a deep player. Howard took Dillon, who was dexterous and brave, much of
+a gentleman, and, unfortunately, an intimate friend to Rawlings.
+
+In this duel fortune did not side with the votaries of love poor Rawlings
+was left stone dead; and Jermyn, having received three wounds, was
+carried to his uncle's, with very little signs of life.
+
+While the report of this event engaged the courtiers according to their
+several interests, the Chevalier de Grammont was informed by Jones, his
+friend, his confidant, and his rival, that there was another gentleman
+very attentive to Mrs. Middleton: this was Montagu, no very dangerous
+rival on account of his person, but very much to be feared for his
+assiduity, the acuteness of his wit, and for some other talents which are
+of importance, when a man is once permitted to display them.
+
+There needed not half so much to bring into action all the Chevalier's
+vivacity, in point of competition: vexation awakened in him whatever
+expedients the desire of revenge, malice, and experience, could suggest,
+for troubling the designs of a rival, and tormenting a mistress. His
+first intention was to return her letters, and demand his presents,
+before he began to tease her; but, rejecting this project, as too weak a
+revenge for the injustice done him, he was upon the point of conspiring
+the destruction of poor Mrs. Middleton, when, by accident, he met with
+Miss Hamilton. From this moment ended all his resentment against Mrs.
+Middleton, and all his attachment to Miss Warmestre: no longer was he
+inconstant: no longer were his wishes fluctuating: this object fixed them
+all; and, of all his former habits, none remained, except uneasiness and
+jealousy.
+
+Here his first care was to please; but he very plainly saw, that to
+succeed he must act quite in a different manner to that which he had been
+accustomed to.
+
+The family of the Hamiltons, being very numerous, lived in a large and
+commodious house, near the court: the Duke of Ormond's family was
+continually with them; and here persons of the greatest distinction in
+London, constantly met: the Chevalier de Grammont was here received in a
+manner agreeable to his merit and quality, and was astonished that he had
+spent so much time in other places; for, after having made this
+acquaintance, he was desirous of no other.
+
+All the world agreed that Miss Hamilton was worthy of the most ardent and
+sincere affection: nobody could boast a nobler birth, nothing was more
+charming than her person.
+
+   [Elizabeth, sister of the author of these Memoirs, and daughter of
+   Sir George Hamilton, fourth son of James, the first Earl of
+   Abercorn, by Mary, third daughter of Thomas, Viscount Thurles,
+   eldest son of Walter, eleventh Earl of Ormond, and sister to James,
+   the first Duke of Ormond. She married Philibert, Count of Grammont,
+   the hero of these Memoirs, by whom she had two daughters: Claude
+   Charlotte, married, 3rd April, 1694, to Henry, Earl of Stafford; and
+   another, who became superior, or abbess, of the Canonesses in
+   Lorraine.]
+
+
+
+
+               CHAPTER SEVENTH.
+
+     HE FALLS IN LOVE WITH MISS HAMILTON--VARIOUS ADVENTURES
+     AT THE BALL IN THE QUEEN'S DRAWING-ROOM--CURIOUS VOYAGE
+     OF HIS VALET-DE-CHAMBRE TO AND FROM PARIS.
+
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont, never satisfied in his amours, was fortunate
+without being beloved, and became jealous without having an attachment.
+
+Mrs. Middleton, as we have said, was going to experience what methods he
+could invent to torment, after having experienced his powers of pleasing.
+
+He went in search of her to the queen's drawing-room, where there was a
+ball; there she was; but fortunately for her, Miss Hamilton was there
+likewise. It had so happened, that of all the beautiful women at Court,
+this was the lady whom he had least seen, and whom he had heard most
+commended; this, therefore, was the first time that he had a close view
+of her, and he soon found that he had seen nothing at court before this
+instant; he asked her some questions, to which she replied; as long as
+she was dancing, his eyes were fixed upon her; and from this time he no
+longer resented Mrs. Middleton's conduct. Miss Hamilton was at the happy
+age when the charms of the fair sex begin to bloom; she had the finest
+shape, the loveliest neck, and most beautiful arms in the world; she was
+majestic and graceful in all her movements; and she was the original
+after which all the ladies copied in their taste and air of dress. Her
+forehead was open, white, and smooth; her hair was well set, and fell
+with ease into that natural order which it is so difficult to imitate.
+Her complexion was possessed of a certain freshness, not to be equalled
+by borrowed colours: her eyes were not large, but they were lively, and
+capable of expressing whatever she pleased: her mouth was full of graces,
+and her contour uncommonly perfect; nor was her nose, which was small,
+delicate, and turned up, the least ornament of so lovely a face. In
+fine, her air, her carriage, and the numberless graces dispersed over her
+whole person, made the Chevalier de Grammont not doubt but that she was
+possessed of every other qualification. Her mind was a proper companion
+for such a form: she did not endeavour to shine in conversation by those
+sprightly sallies which only puzzle; and with still greater care she
+avoided that affected solemnity in her discourse, which produces
+stupidity; but, without any eagerness to talk, she just said what she
+ought, and no more. She had an admirable discernment in distinguishing
+between solid and false wit; and far from making an ostentatious display
+of her abilities, she was reserved, though very just in her decisions:
+her sentiments were always noble, and even lofty to the highest extent,
+when there was occasion; nevertheless, she was less prepossessed with her
+own merit than is usually the case with those who have so much. Formed,
+as we have described, she could not fail of commanding love; but so far
+was she from courting it, that she was scrupulously nice with respect to
+those whose merit might entitle them to form any pretensions to her.
+
+The more the Chevalier de Grammont was convinced of these truths,
+the more did he endeavour to please and engage her in his turn: his
+entertaining wit, his conversation, lively, easy, and always
+distinguished by novelty, constantly gained him attention; but he was
+much embarrassed to find that presents, which so easily made their way in
+his former method of courtship, were no longer proper in the mode which,
+for the future, he was obliged to pursue.
+
+He had an old valet-de-chambre, called Termes, a bold thief, and a still
+more impudent liar: he used to send this man from London every week, on
+the commissions we have before mentioned; but after the disgrace of Mrs.
+Middleton, and the adventure of Miss Warmestre, Mr. Termes was only
+employed in bringing his master's clothes from Paris, and he did not
+always acquit himself with the greatest fidelity in that employment, as
+will appear hereafter.
+
+The queen was a woman of sense, and used all her endeavours to please the
+king, by that kind obliging behaviour which her affection made natural to
+her: she was particularly attentive in promoting every sort of pleasure
+and amusement especially such as she could be present at herself.
+
+She had contrived, for this purpose, a splendid masquerade, where those,
+whom she appointed to dance, had to represent different nations; she
+allowed some time for preparation, during which we may suppose, the
+tailors, the mantua makers, and embroiderers, were not idle: nor were the
+beauties, who were to be there, less anxiously employed; however, Miss
+Hamilton found time enough to invent two or three little tricks, in a
+conjuncture so favourable, for turning into ridicule the vain fools of
+the court. There were two who were very eminently such: the one was Lady
+Muskerry, who had married her cousin-german; and the other a maid of
+honour to the Duchess, called Blague.
+
+The first, whose husband most assuredly never married her for beauty,
+was made like the generality of rich heiresses, to whom just nature seems
+sparing of her gifts, in proportion as they are loaded with those of
+fortune: she had the shape of a woman big with child, without being so;
+but had a very good reason for limping; for, of two legs uncommonly
+short, one was much shorter than the other. A face suitable to this
+description gave the finishing stroke to this disagreeable figure.
+
+Miss Blague was another species of ridicule: her shape was neither good
+nor bad: her countenance bore the appearance of the greatest insipidity,
+and her complexion was the same all over; with two little hollow eyes,
+adorned with white eye-lashes, as long as one's finger. With these
+attractions she placed herself in ambuscade to surprise unwary hearts;
+but she might have done so in vain, had it not been for the arrival of
+the Marquis de Brisacier. Heaven seemed to have made them for each
+other: he had in his person and manners every requisite to dazzle a
+creature of her character he talked eternally, without saying anything,
+and in his dress exceeded the most extravagant fashions. Miss Blague
+believed that all this finery was on her account; and the Marquis
+believed that her long eyelashes had never taken aim at any but himself:
+everybody perceived their inclination for each other; but they had only
+conversed by mute interpreters, when Miss Hamilton took it into her head
+to intermeddle in their affairs.
+
+She was willing to do everything in order, and therefore began with her
+cousin Muskerry, on account of her rank. Her two darling foibles were
+dress and dancing. Magnificence of dress was intolerable with her
+figure; and though her dancing was still more insupportable, she never
+missed a ball at court: and the queen had so much complaisance for the
+public, as always to make her dance; but it was impossible to give her a
+part in an entertainment so important and splendid as this masquerade:
+however, she was dying with impatience for the orders she expected.
+
+It was in consequence of this impatience, of which Miss Hamilton was
+informed, that she founded the design of diverting herself at the expense
+of this silly woman. The queen sent notes to those whom she appointed to
+be present, and described the manner in which they were to be dressed.
+Miss Hamilton wrote a note exactly in the same manner to Lady Muskerry,
+with directions for her to be dressed in the Babylonian fashion.
+
+She assembled her counsel to advise about the means of sending it: this
+cabinet was composed of one of her brothers and a sister, who were glad
+to divert themselves at the expense of those who deserved it. After
+having consulted some time, they at last resolved upon a mode of
+conveying it into her own hands. Lord Muskerry was just going out, when
+she received it: he was a man of honour, rather serious, very severe, and
+a mortal enemy to ridicule. His wife's deformity was not so intolerable
+to him, as the ridiculous figure she made upon all occasions. He thought
+that he was safe in the present case, not believing that the queen would
+spoil her masquerade by naming Lady Muskerry as one of the dancers
+nevertheless, as he was acquainted with the passion his wife had to
+expose herself in public, by her dress and dancing, he had just been
+advising her very seriously to content herself with being a spectator
+of this entertainment, even though the queen should have the cruelty
+to engage her in it: he then took the liberty to show her what little
+similarity there was between her figure, and that of persons to whom
+dancing and magnificence in dress were allowable. His sermon concluded
+at last, by an express prohibition to solicit a place at this
+entertainment, which they had no thoughts of giving her; but far from
+taking his advice in good part, she imagined that he was the only person
+who had prevented the queen from doing her an honour she so ardently
+desired; and as soon as he was gone out, her design was to go and throw
+herself at her Majesty's feet to demand justice. She was in this very
+disposition when she received the billet: three times did she kiss it;
+and without regarding her husband's injunctions, she immediately got into
+her coach in order to get information of the merchants who traded to the
+Levant, in what manner the ladies of quality dressed in Babylon.
+
+The plot laid for Miss Blague was of a different kind: she had such faith
+in her charms, and was so confident of their effects, that she could
+believe anything. Brisacier, whom she looked upon as desperately
+smitten, had wit, which he set off with common-place talk, and with
+little sonnets: he sung out of tune most methodically, and was
+continually exerting one or other of these happy talents: the Duke of
+Buckingham did all he could to spoil him, by the praises he bestowed both
+upon his voice and upon his wit.
+
+Miss Blague, who hardly understood a word of French, regulated herself
+upon the Duke's authority, in admiring the one and the other. It was
+remarked, that all the words which he sung to her were in praise of fair
+women, and that always taking this to herself, she cast down her eyes in
+acknowledgment and consciousness. It was upon these observations they
+resolved to make a jest of her, the first opportunity.
+
+While these little projects were forming, the king, who always wished to
+oblige the Chevalier de Grammont, asked him, if he would make one at the
+masquerade, on condition of being Miss Hamilton's partner? He did not
+pretend to dance sufficiently well for an occasion like the present; yet
+he was far from refusing the offer: "Sire," said he, "of all the favours
+you have been pleased to show me, since my arrival, I feel this more
+sensibly than any other; and to convince you of my gratitude, I promise
+you all the good offices in my power with Miss Stewart." He said this,
+because they had just given her an apartment separate from the rest of
+the maids of honour, which made the courtiers begin to pay respect to
+her. The king was very well pleased at this pleasantry, and having
+thanked him for so necessary an offer: "Monsieur le Chevalier," said he,
+"in what style do you intend to dress yourself for the ball? I leave you
+the choice of all countries." "If so," said the Chevalier, "I will dress
+after the French manner, in order to disguise myself; for they already do
+me the honour to take me for an Englishman in your city of London. Had
+it not been for this, I should have wished to have appeared as a Roman;
+but for fear of embroiling myself with Prince Rupert, who so warmly
+espouses the interests of Alexander against Lord Thanet, who declares
+himself for Caesar, I dare no longer think of assuming the hero:
+nevertheless, though I may dance awkwardly, yet, by observing the tune,
+and with a little alertness, I hope to come off pretty well; besides,
+Miss Hamilton will take care that too much attention shall not be paid to
+me. As for my dress, I shall send Termes off tomorrow morning; and if I
+do not show you at his return the most splendid habit you have ever seen,
+look upon mine as the most disgraced nation in your masquerade."
+
+Termes set out with ample instructions, on the subject of his journey:
+and his master, redoubling his impatience on an occasion like the
+present, before the courier could be landed, began to count the minutes
+in expectation of his return: thus was he employed until the very eve of
+the ball; and that was the day that Miss Hamilton and her little society
+had fixed for the execution of their project.
+
+Martial gloves were then very much in fashion: she had by chance several
+pairs of them: she sent one to Miss Blague, accompanied with four yards
+of yellow riband, the palest she could find, to which she added this
+note:
+
+"You were the other day more charming than all the fair women in the
+world: you looked yesterday still more fair than you did the day before:
+if you go on, what will become of my heart? But it is a long time since
+that has been a prey to your pretty little young wild boar's eyes. Shall
+you be at the masquerade to-morrow? But can there be any charms at an
+entertainment, at which you are not present? It does not signify: I
+shall know you in whatever disguise you may be: but I shall be better
+informed of my fate, by the present I send you: you will wear knots of
+this riband in your hair; and these gloves will kiss the most beautiful
+hands in the universe."
+
+This billet, with the present, was delivered to Miss Blague with the same
+success as the other had been conveyed to Lady Muskerry. Miss Hamilton
+had just received an account of it, when the latter came to pay her a
+visit: something seemed to possess her thoughts very much; when, having
+stayed some time, her cousin desired her to walk into her cabinet. As
+soon as they were there: "I desire your secrecy for what I am going to
+tell you," said Lady Muskerry. "Do not you wonder what strange creatures
+men are? Do not trust to them, my dear cousin: my Lord Muskerry, who,
+before our marriage, could have passed whole days and nights in seeing me
+dance, thinks proper now to forbid me dancing, and says it does not
+become me. This is not all: he has so often rung in my ears the subject
+of this masquerade, that I am obliged to hide from him the honour the
+queen has done me, in inviting me to it. However, I am surprised I am
+not informed who is to be my partner: but if you knew what a plague it
+is, to find out, in this cursed town, in what manner the people of
+Babylon dress, you would pity me for what I have suffered since the time
+I have been appointed: besides, the cost which it puts me to is beyond
+all imagination."
+
+Here it was that Miss Hamilton's inclination to laugh, which had
+increased in proportion as she endeavoured to suppress it, at length
+overcame her, and broke out in an immoderate fit: Lady Muskerry took it
+in good humour, not doubting but it was the fantastical conduct of her
+husband that she was laughing at. Miss Hamilton told her that all
+husbands were much the same, and that one ought not to be concerned at
+their whims; that she did not know who was to be her partner at the
+masquerade; but that, as she was named, the gentleman named with her
+would certainly not fail to attend her; although she could not comprehend
+why he had not yet declared himself, unless he likewise had some
+fantastical spouse, who had forbid him to dance.
+
+This conversation being finished, Lady Muskerry went away in great haste,
+to endeavour to learn some news of her partner. Those who were
+accomplices in the plot were laughing very heartily at this visit, when
+Lord Muskerry paid them one in his turn, and taking Miss Hamilton aside:
+"Do you know," said he, "whether there is to be any ball in the city
+tomorrow?" "No," said she; "but why do you ask?" "Because." said he,
+"I am informed that my wife is making great preparations of dress. I
+know very well she is not to be at the masquerade: that I have taken care
+of; but as the devil is in her for dancing, I am very much afraid that
+she will be affording some fresh subject for ridicule, notwithstanding
+all my precautions: however, if it was amongst the citizens, at some
+private party, I should not much mind it."
+
+They satisfied him as well as they could, and having dismissed him, under
+pretence of a thousand things they had to prepare for the next day, Miss
+Hamilton thought herself at liberty for that morning, when in came Miss
+Price, one of the maids of honour to the Duchess. This was just what she
+was wishing for: This lady and Miss Blague had been at variance some
+time, on account of Duncan, whom Miss Price had drawn away from the
+other; and hatred still subsisted between these two divinities.
+
+Though the maids of honour were not nominated for the masquerade, yet
+they were to assist at it; and, consequently, were to neglect nothing to
+set themselves off to advantage. Miss Hamilton had still another pair of
+gloves of the same sort as those she had sent to Miss Blague, which she
+made a present of to her rival, with a few knots of the same riband,
+which appeared to have been made on purpose for her, brown as she was.
+Miss Price returned her a thousand thanks, and promised to do herself the
+honour of wearing them at the ball. "You will oblige me if you do," said
+Miss Hamilton, "but if you mention that such a trifle as this comes from
+me, I shall never forgive you; but," continued she, "do not go and rob
+poor Miss Blague of the Marquis Brisacier, as you already have of Duncan:
+I know very well that it is wholly in your power: you have wit: you speak
+French: and were he once to converse with you ever so little the other
+could have no pretensions to him." This was enough: Miss Blague was only
+ridiculous and coquettish: Miss Price was ridiculous, coquettish, and
+something else besides.
+
+The day being come, the court, more splendid than ever, exhibited all its
+magnificence at this masquerade. The company were all met except the
+Chevalier de Grammont: every body was astonished that he should be one
+of the last at such a time, as his readiness was so remarkable on every
+occasion; but they were still more surprised to see him at length appear
+in an ordinary court-dress, which he had worn before. The thing was
+preposterous on such an occasion, and very extraordinary with respect to
+him: in vain had he the finest point-lace, with the largest and best
+powdered peruke imaginable his dress, magnificent enough for any other
+purpose, was not at all proper for this entertainment.
+
+The king immediately took notice of it: "Chevalier," said he, "Termes is
+not arrived then?" "Pardon me, sire," said he, "God be thanked!" "Why
+God be thanked?" said the king; "has anything happened to him on the
+road?" "Sire," said the Chevalier de Grammont, "this is the history of
+my dress, and of Termes, my messenger." At these words the ball, ready
+to begin, was suspended: the dancers making a circle around the Chevalier
+de Grammont, he continued his story in the following manner:
+
+"It is now two days since this fellow ought to have been here, according
+to my orders and his protestations: you may judge of my impatience all
+this day, when I found he did not come: at last, after I had heartily
+cursed him, about an hour ago he arrived, splashed all over from head to
+foot, booted up to the waist, and looking as if he had been
+excommunicated 'Very well, Mr. Scoundrel,' said I, 'this is just like
+you, you must be waited for to the very last minute, and it is a miracle
+that you are arrived at all.' 'Yes, faith,' said he, 'it is a miracle.
+You are always grumbling: I had the finest suit in the world made for
+you, which the Duke de Guise himself was at the trouble of ordering.'
+'Give it me then, scoundrel,' said I. 'Sir,' said he, 'if I did not
+employ a dozen embroiderers upon it, who did nothing but work day and
+night, I am a rascal: I never left them one moment: 'And where is it
+traitor?' said I: 'do not stand here prating, while I should be
+dressing.' 'I had,' continued he, 'packed it up, made it tight, and
+folded it in such a manner, that all the rain in the world could never
+have been able to reach it; and I rid post, day and night, knowing your
+impatience, and that you were not to be trifled with.' 'But where is
+it?' said I. 'Lost, sir,' said he, clasping his hands. 'How! lost,'
+said I, in surprise. 'Yes, lost, perished, swallowed up: what can I say
+more?' 'What! was the packet-boat cast away then?' said I. 'Oh!
+indeed, sir, a great deal worse, as you shall see,' answered he: 'I was
+within half a league of Calais yesterday morning, and I was resolved to
+go by the sea-side, to make greater haste; but, indeed, they say very
+true, that nothing is like the highway; for I got into a quicksand, where
+I sunk up to the chin.' 'A quicksand,' said I, 'near Calais?' 'Yes,
+sir,' said he, 'and such a quicksand that, the devil take me, if they saw
+anything but the top of my head when they pulled me out: as for my horse,
+fifteen men could scarce get him out; but the portmanteau, where I had
+unfortunately put your clothes, could never be found: it must be at least
+a league under ground.'
+
+"This, sire," continued the Chevalier de Grammont, "is the adventure, and
+the relation which this honest gentleman has given me of it. I should
+certainly have killed him, but I was afraid of making Miss Hamilton wait,
+and I was desirous of giving your Majesty immediate advice of the
+quicksand, that your couriers may take care to avoid it."
+
+The King was ready to split his sides with laughing, when the Chevalier
+de Grammont, resuming the discourse, "apropos, sire," said he, "I had
+forgot to tell you, that, to increase my ill-humour, I was stopped, as I
+was getting out of my chair, by the devil of a phantom in masquerade, who
+would by all means persuade me that the queen had commanded me to dance
+with her; and as I excused myself with the least rudeness possible, she
+charged me to find out who was to be her partner, and desired me to send
+him to her immediately so that your Majesty will do well to give orders
+about it; for she has placed herself in ambush in a coach, to seize upon
+all those who pass through Whitehall. However, I must tell you, that it
+is worth while to see her dress; for she must have at least sixty ells of
+gauze and silver tissue about her, not to mention a sort of a pyramid
+upon her head, adorned with a hundred thousand baubles."
+
+This last account surprised all the assembly, except those who had a
+share in the plot. The queen assured them, that all she had appointed
+for the ball were present; and the king, having paused some minutes:
+"I bet," said he, "that it is the Duchess of Newcastle." "And I," said
+Lord Muskerry, coming up to Miss Hamilton, "will bet it is another fool;
+for I am very much mistaken if it is not my wife."
+
+The king was for sending to know who it was, and to bring her in: Lord
+Muskerry offered himself for that service, for the reason already
+mentioned; and it was very well he did so. Miss Hamilton was not sorry
+for this, knowing very well that he was not mistaken in his conjecture;
+the jest would have gone much farther than she intended, if the Princess
+of Babylon had appeared in all her glory.
+
+The ball was not very well executed, if one maybe allowed the expression,
+so long as they danced only slow dances; and yet there were as good
+dancers, and as beautiful women in this assembly, as were to be found in
+the whole world: but as their number was not great, they left the French,
+and went to country dances. When they had danced some time, the king
+thought fit to introduce his auxiliaries, to give the others a little
+respite; the queen's and the duchess's maids of honour were therefore
+called in to dance with the gentlemen.
+
+Then it was that they were at leisure to take notice of Miss Blague, and
+they found that the billet they had conveyed to her on the part of
+Brisacier had its effect: she was more yellow than saffron: her hair was
+stuffed with the citron-coloured riband, which she had put there out of
+complaisance; and, to inform Brisacier of his fate, she raised often to
+her head her victorious hands, adorned with the gloves we have before
+mentioned: but, if they were surprised to see her in a head-dress that
+made her look more wan than ever, she was very differently surprised to
+see Miss Price partake with her in every particular of Brisacier's
+present: her surprise soon turned to jealousy; for her rival had not
+failed to join in conversation with him, on account of what had been
+insinuated to her the evening before; nor did Brisacier fail to return
+her first advances, without paying the least attention to the fair
+Blague, nor to the signs which she was tormenting herself to make him,
+to inform him of his happy destiny.
+
+Miss Price was short and thick, and consequently no dancer, the Duke of
+Buckingham, who brought Brisacier forward as often as he could, came to
+desire him, on the part of the king, to dance with Miss Blague, without
+knowing what was then passing in this nymph's heart: Brisacier excused
+himself, on account of the contempt that he had for country dances: Miss
+Blague thought that it was herself that he despised; and, seeing that he
+was engaged in conversation with her mortal enemy, she began to dance,
+without knowing what she was doing. Though her indignation and jealousy
+were sufficiently remarkable to divert the court, none but Miss Hamilton
+and her accomplices, understood the joke perfectly: their pleasure was
+quite complete; for Lord Muskerry returned, still more confounded at the
+vision, of which the Chevalier de Grammont had given the description. He
+acquainted Miss Hamilton, that it was Lady Muskerry herself, a thousand
+times more ridiculous than she had ever been before, and that he had had
+an immense trouble to get her home, and place a sentry at her chamber
+door.
+
+The reader may think, perhaps, that we have dwelt too long on these
+trifling incidents; perhaps he may be right. We will therefore pass to
+others.
+
+Everything favoured the Chevalier de Grammont in the new passion which he
+entertained: he was not, however, without rivals; but, what is a great
+deal more extraordinary, he was without uneasiness: he was acquainted
+with their understandings, and no stranger to Miss Hamilton's way of
+thinking.
+
+Among her lovers, the most considerable, though the least professedly so,
+was the Duke of York: it was in vain for him to conceal it, the court was
+too well acquainted with his character to doubt of his inclinations for
+her. He did not think it proper to declare such sentiments as were not
+fit for Miss Hamilton to hear; but he talked to her as much as he could,
+and ogled her with great assiduity. As hunting was his favourite
+diversion, that sport employed him one part of the day, and he came home
+generally much fatigued; but Miss Hamilton's presence revived him, when
+he found her either with the queen or the duchess. There it was that,
+not daring to tell her of what lay heavy on his heart, he entertained her
+with what he had in his head: telling her miracles of the cunning of
+foxes and the mettle of horses; giving her accounts of broken legs and
+arms, dislocated shoulders, and other curious and entertaining
+adventures; after which, his eyes told her the rest, till such time as
+sleep interrupted their conversation; for these tender interpreters could
+not help sometimes composing themselves in the midst of their ogling.
+
+The duchess was not at all alarmed at a passion which her rival was far
+from thinking sincere, and with which she used to divert herself, as far
+as respect would admit her; on the contrary, as her highness had an
+affection and esteem for Miss Hamilton, she never treated her more
+graciously than on the present occasion.
+
+The two Russells, uncle and nephew,--were two other of the Chevalier de
+Grammont's rivals: the uncle was full seventy, and had distinguished
+himself by his courage and fidelity in the civil wars. His passions and
+intentions, with regard to Miss Hamilton, appeared both at once; but his
+magnificence only appeared by halves in those gallantries which love
+inspires. It was not long since the fashion of high crowned hats had
+been left off, in order to fall into the other extreme. Old Russell,
+amazed at so terrible a change, resolved to keep a medium, which made him
+remarkable: he was still more so, by his constancy for cut doublets,
+which he supported a long time after they had been universally
+suppressed; but, what was more surprising than all, was a certain mixture
+of avarice and liberality, constantly at war with each other, ever since
+he had entered the list with love.
+
+His nephew was only of a younger brother's family, but was considered as
+his uncle's heir; and though he was under the necessity of attending to
+his uncle for an establishment, and still more so of humouring him, in
+order to get his estate, he could not avoid his fate. Mrs. Middleton
+showed him a sufficient degree of preference; but her favours could not
+secure him from the charms of Miss Hamilton: his person would have had
+nothing disagreeable in it, if he had but left it to nature; but he was
+formal in all his actions, and silent even to stupidity; and yet rather
+more tiresome when he did speak.
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont, very much at his ease in all these
+competitions, engaged himself more and more in his passion, without
+forming other designs, or conceiving other hopes, than to render himself
+agreeable. Though his passion was openly declared, no person at court
+regarded it otherwise than as a habit of gallantry, which goes no farther
+than to do justice to merit.
+
+His monitor, Saint Evremond, was quite of a different opinion; and
+finding, that, besides an immense increase of magnificence and assiduity,
+he regretted those hours which he bestowed on play; that he no longer
+sought after those long and agreeable conversations they used to have
+together; and that this new attachment everywhere robbed him of himself:
+
+"Monsieur le Chevalier," said he, "methinks that for some time you have
+left the town beauties and their lovers in perfect repose: Mrs. Middleton
+makes fresh conquests with impunity, and wears your presents, under your
+nose, without your taking the smallest notice. Poor Miss Warmestre has
+been very quietly brought to bed in the midst of the court, without your
+having even said a word about it. I foresaw it plain enough, Monsieur le
+Chevalier, you have got acquainted with Miss Hamilton, and, what has
+never before happened to you, you are really in love; but let us consider
+a little what may be the consequence. In the first place, then, I
+believe, you have not the least intention of seducing her: such is her
+birth and merit, that if you were in possession of the estate and title
+of your family, it might be excusable in you to offer yourself upon
+honourable terms, however ridiculous marriage may be in general; for, if
+you only wish for wit, prudence, and the treasures of beauty, you could
+not pay your addresses to a more proper person: but for you, who possess
+only a very moderate share of those of fortune, you cannot pay your
+addresses more improperly.
+
+"For your brother Toulongeon, whose disposition I am acquainted with, will
+not have the complaisance to die, to favour your pretensions: but suppose
+you had a competent fortune for you both--and that is supposing a good
+deal--are you acquainted with the delicacy, not to say capriciousness, of
+this fair one about such an engagement? Do you know that she has had the
+choice of the best matches in England? The Duke of Richmond paid his
+addresses to her first; but though he was in love with her, still he was
+mercenary: however, the king, observing that want of fortune was the only
+impediment to the match, took that article upon himself, out of regard to
+the Duke of Ormond, to the merit and birth of Miss Hamilton, and to her
+father's services; but, resenting that a man, who pretended to be in
+love, should bargain like a merchant, and likewise reflecting upon his
+character in the world, she did not think that being Duchess of Richmond
+was a sufficient recompense for the danger that was to be feared from a
+brute and a debauchee.
+
+"Has not little Jermyn, notwithstanding his uncle's great estate, and his
+own brilliant reputation, failed in his suit to her? And has she ever so
+much as vouchsafed to look at Henry Howard, who is upon the point of
+being the first duke in England, and who is already in actual possession
+of all the estates of the house of Norfolk? I confess that he is a
+clown, but what other lady in all England would not have dispensed with
+his stupidity and his disagreeable person, to be the first duchess in the
+kingdom, with twenty-five thousand a year?
+
+"To conclude, Lord Falmouth has told me himself, that he has always
+looked upon her as the only acquisition wanting to complete his
+happiness: but, that even at the height of the splendour of his fortune,
+he never had had the assurance to open his sentiments to her; that he
+either felt in himself too much weakness, or too much pride, to be
+satisfied with obtaining her solely by the persuasion of her relations;
+and that, though the first refusals of the fair on such occasions are not
+much minded, he knew with what an air she had received the addresses of
+those whose persons she did not like. After this, Monsieur le Chevalier,
+consider what method you intend to pursue: for, if you are in love, the
+passion will still increase, and the greater the attachment, the less
+capable will you be of making those serious reflections that are now in
+your power."
+
+"My poor philosopher," answered the Chevalier de Grammont, "you
+understand Latin very well, you can make good verses, you understand the
+course, and are acquainted with the nature of the stars in the firmament;
+but, as for the luminaries of the terrestrial globe, you are utterly
+unacquainted with them: you have told me nothing about Miss Hamilton, but
+what the king told me three days ago. That she has refused the savages
+you have mentioned is all in her favour if she had admitted their
+addresses, I would have had nothing to say to her, though I love her
+to distraction. Attend now to what I am going to say: I am resolved
+to marry her, and I will have my tutor Saint Evremond himself to be the
+first man to commend me for it. As for an establishment, I shall make my
+peace with the king, and will solicit him to make her one of the ladies
+of the bed-chamber to the queen: this he will grant me. Toulongeon will
+die, without my assistance.
+
+   [Count de Toulongeon was elder brother to Count Grammont, who, by
+   his death, in 1679, became, according to St. Evremond, on that
+   event, one of the richest noblemen at court.--See St. Evremond's
+   Works. vol. ii., p. 327.]
+
+"Notwithstanding all his care; Miss Hamilton will have Semeat,--[A country
+seat belonging to the family of the Grammonts.]--with the Chevalier de
+Grammont, as an indemnification for the Norfolks and Richmonds. Now,
+have you any thing to advance against this project? For I will bet you
+an hundred louis, that everything will happen as I have foretold it."
+
+At this time the king's attachment to Miss Stewart was so public, that
+every person perceived, that if she was but possessed of art, she might
+become as absolute a mistress over his conduct as she was over his heart.
+This was a fine opportunity for those who had experience and ambition.
+The Duke of Buckingham formed the design of governing her, in order to
+ingratiate himself with the king: God knows what a governor he would have
+been, and what a head he was possessed of, to guide another; however,
+he was the properest man in the world to insinuate himself with Miss
+Stewart: she was childish in her behaviour, and laughed at everything,
+and her taste for frivolous amusements, though unaffected, was only
+allowable in a girl about twelve or thirteen years old. A child,
+however, she was, in every other respect, except playing with a doll:
+blind man's buff was her most favourite amusement: she was building
+castles of cards, while the deepest play was going on in her apartments,
+where you saw her surrounded by eager courtiers, who handed her the
+cards, or young architects, who endeavoured to imitate her.
+
+She had, however, a passion for music, and had some taste for singing.
+The Duke of Buckingham, who built the finest towers of cards imaginable,
+had an agreeable voice: she had no aversion to scandal: and the duke was
+both the father and the mother of scandal, he made songs, and invented
+old women's stories, with which she was delighted; but his particular
+talent consisted in turning into ridicule whatever was ridiculous in
+other people, and in taking them off, even in their presence, without
+their perceiving it: in short, he knew how to act all parts with so much
+grace and pleasantry, that it was difficult to do without him, when he
+had a mind to make himself agreeable; and he made himself so necessary to
+Miss Stewart's amusement, that she sent all over the town to seek for
+him, when he did not attend the king to her apartments.
+
+He was extremely handsome, and still thought himself much more so than he
+really was: although he had a great deal of discernment, yet his vanity
+made him mistake some civilities as intended for his person, which were
+only bestowed on his wit and drollery: in short, being seduced by too
+good an opinion of his own merit, he forgot his first project and his
+Portuguese mistress, in order to pursue a fancy in which he mistook
+himself; for he no sooner began to act a serious part with Miss Stewart,
+than he met with so severe a repulse that he abandoned, at once, all his
+designs upon her: however, the familiarity she had procured him with the
+king, opened the way to those favours to which he was afterwards
+advanced.
+
+   [George Villiers, the second Duke of Buckingham, was born 30th
+   January, 1627. Lord Orford observes, "When this extraordinary man,
+   with the figure and genius of Alcibiades, could equally charm the
+   presbyterian Fairfax and the dissolute Charles; when he alike
+   ridiculed that witty king and his solemn chancellor: when he plotted
+   the ruin of his country with a cabal of bad ministers, or, equally
+   unprincipled, supported its cause with bad patriots,--one laments
+   that such parts should have been devoid of every virtue: but when
+   Alcibiades turns chemist; when he is a real bubble and a visionary
+   miser; when ambition is but a frolic; when the worst designs are for
+   the foolishest ends,--contempt extinguishes all reflection on his
+   character."]
+
+Lord Arlington took up the project which the Duke of Buckingham had
+abandoned, and endeavoured to gain possession of the mind of the
+mistress, in order to govern the master. A man of greater merit and
+higher birth than himself might, however, have been satisfied with the
+fortune he had already acquired. His first negotiations were during the
+treaty of the Pyrenees: and though he was unsuccessful in his proceedings
+for his employer, yet he did not altogether lose his time; for he
+perfectly acquired, in his exterior, the serious air and profound gravity
+of the Spaniards, and imitated pretty well their tardiness in business:
+he had a scar across his nose, which was covered by a long patch, or
+rather by a small plaister, in form of a lozenge.
+
+Scars in the face commonly give a man a certain fierce and martial air,
+which sets him off to advantage; but it was quite the contrary with him,
+and this remarkable plaister so well suited his mysterious looks, that it
+seemed an addition to his gravity and self-sufficiency.
+
+Arlington, under the mask of this compound countenance where great
+earnestness passed for business, and impenetrable stupidity for secrecy,
+had given himself the character of a great politician; and no one having
+leisure to examine him, he was taken at his word, and had been made
+minister and secretary of state, upon the credit of his own importance.
+
+His ambition soaring still above these high stations, after having
+provided himself with a great number of fine maxims, and some historical
+anecdotes, he obtained an audience of Miss Stewart, in order to display
+them; at the same time offering her his most humble services, and best
+advice, to assist her in conducting herself in the situation to which it
+had pleased God and her virtue to raise her. But he was only in the
+preface of his speech, when she recollected that he was at the head of
+those whom the Duke of Buckingham used to mimic; and as his presence and
+his language exactly revived the ridiculous ideas that had been given her
+of him, she could not forbear bursting out into a fit of laughter in his
+face, so much the more violent as she had for a long time struggled to
+suppress it.
+
+The minister was enraged: his pride became his post, and his punctilious
+behaviour merited all the ridicule which could be attached to it: he
+quitted her abruptly, with all the fine advice he had prepared for her,
+and was almost tempted to carry it to Lady Castlemaine, and to unite
+himself with her interests; or immediately to quit the court party, and
+declaim freely in parliament against the grievances of the state, and
+particularly to propose an act to forbid the keeping of mistresses; but
+his prudence conquered his resentments; and thinking only how to enjoy
+with pleasure the blessings of fortune, he sent to Holland for a wife,
+in order to complete his felicity.
+
+Hamilton was, of all the courtiers, the best qualified to succeed in
+an enterprise, in which the Duke of Buckingham and Lord Arlington had
+miscarried: he was thinking upon it; but his natural coquetry traversed
+his intentions, and made him neglect the most advantageous prospects in
+the world, in order unnecessarily to attend to the advances and
+allurements thrown out to him by the Countess of Chesterfield. This was
+one of the most agreeable women in the world: she had a most exquisite
+shape, though she was not very tall; her complexion was extremely fair,
+with all the expressive charms of a brunette; she had large blue eyes,
+very tempting and alluring; her manners were engaging; her wit lively and
+amusing; but her heart, ever open to tender sentiments, was neither
+scrupulous in point of constancy, nor nice in point of sincerity. She
+was daughter to the Duke of Ormond, and Hamilton, being her
+cousin-german, they might be as much as they pleased in each other's
+company without being particular; but as soon as her eyes gave him some
+encouragement, he entertained no other thoughts than how to please her,
+
+   [This lady was Isabella, daughter to Lewis de Nassau, Lord Beverwaert,
+   son to Maurice, Prince of Orange, and Count Nassau. By her, Lord
+   Arlington had an only daughter, named Isabella.]
+
+without considering her fickleness, or the obstacles he had to encounter.
+His intention, which we mentioned before, of establishing himself in the
+confidence of Miss Stewart, no longer occupied his thoughts: she now was
+of opinion that she was capable of being the mistress of her own conduct:
+she had done all that was necessary to inflame the king's passions, without
+exposing her virtue by granting the last favours; but the eagerness of a
+passionate lover, blessed with favourable opportunities, is difficult to
+withstand, and still more difficult to vanquish; and Miss Stewart's
+virtue was almost exhausted, when the queen was attacked with a violent
+fever, which soon reduced her to extreme danger.
+
+Then it was that Miss Stewart was greatly pleased with herself for the
+resistance she had made, though she had paid dearly for it: a thousand
+flattering hopes of greatness and glory filled her heart, and the
+additional respect that was universally paid her, contributed not a
+little to increase them. The queen was given over by her physicians:
+the few Portuguese women that had not been sent back to their own country
+filled the court with doleful cries; and the good nature of the king was
+much affected with the situation in which he saw a princess, whom, though
+he did not love her, yet he greatly esteemed. She loved him tenderly,
+and thinking that it was the last time she should ever speak to him, she
+told him, that the concern he showed for her death, was enough to make
+her quit life with regret; but that not possessing charms sufficient to
+merit his tenderness, she had at least the consolation in dying to give
+place to a consort who might be more worthy of it, and to whom heaven,
+perhaps, might grant a blessing that had been refused to her. At these
+words, she bathed his hands with some tears, which he thought would be
+her last: he mingled his own with hers; and without supposing she would
+take him at his word, he conjured her to live for his sake. She had
+never yet disobeyed him; and, however dangerous sudden impulses may be,
+when one is between life and death, this transport of joy, which might
+have proved fatal to her, saved her life, and the king's wonderful
+tenderness had an effect, for which every person did not thank heaven in
+the same manner.
+
+Jermyn had now for some time been recovered of his wounds: however, Lady
+Castlemaine, finding his health in as deplorable a condition as ever,
+resolved to regain the king's heart, but in vain: for notwithstanding the
+softness of her tears, and the violence of her passions, Miss Stewart
+wholly possessed it. During this period the court was variously
+entertained: sometimes there were promenades, and at others the court
+beauties sallied out on horseback, and to make attacks with their charms
+and graces, sometimes successfully, sometimes otherwise, but always to
+the best of their abilities at other seasons there were such shows on the
+river, as the city of London alone can afford.
+
+The Thames washes the sides of a large though not a magnificent palace of
+the kings of Great Britain:--[This was Whitehall, which was burnt down,
+except the banqueting-house, 4th January, 1698.]--from the stairs of this
+palace the court used to take water, in the summer evenings, when the
+heat and dust prevented their walking in the park: an infinite number of
+open boats, filled with the court and city beauties, attended the barges,
+in which were the Royal Family: collations, music, and fireworks,
+completed the scene. The Chevalier de Grammont always made one of the
+company, and it was very seldom that he did not add something of his own
+invention, agreeably to surprise by some unexpected stroke of
+magnificence and gallantry. Sometimes he had complete concerts of vocal
+and instrumental music, which he privately brought from Paris, and which
+struck up on a sudden in the midst of these parties; sometimes he gave
+banquets, which likewise came from France, and which, even in the midst
+of London, surpassed the king's collations. These entertainments
+sometimes exceeded, as others fell short of his expectations, but they
+always cost him an immense deal of money.
+
+Lord Falmouth was one of those who had the greatest friendship and esteem
+for the Chevalier de Grammont: this profusion gave him concern, and as he
+often used to go and sup with him without ceremony, one day finding only
+Saint Evremond there, and a supper fit for half a dozen guests, who had
+been invited in form: "You must not," said he, addressing himself to the
+Chevalier de Grammont, "be obliged to me for this visit. I come from the
+king's 'coucher', where all the discourse was about you; and I can assure
+you that the manner in which the king spoke of you, could not afford you
+so much pleasure as I myself felt upon the occasion. You know very well,
+that he has long since offered you his good offices with the King of
+France; and for my own part," continued he, smiling, "you know very well
+that I would solicit him so to do, if it was not through fear of losing
+you as soon as your peace is made; but, thanks to Miss Hamilton, you
+are in no great haste: however, I am ordered by the king, my master,
+to acquaint you, that while you remain here, until you are restored to
+the favour of your sovereign, he presents you with a pension of fifteen
+hundred Jacobus's: it is indeed a trifle, considering the figure the
+Chevalier de Grammont makes among us; but it will assist him," said he,
+embracing him, "to give us sometimes a supper."
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont received, as he ought, the offer of a favour he
+did not think proper to accept: "I acknowledge," said he, "the king's
+bounty in this proposal, but I am still more sensible of Lord Falmouth's
+generosity in it; and I request him to assure his Majesty of my perfect
+gratitude: the king, my master, will not suffer me to want, when he
+thinks fit to recall me; and while I continue here, I will let you see
+that I have wherewithal to give my English friends now and then a
+supper."
+
+At these words, he called for his strong box, and showed him seven or
+eight thousand guineas in solid gold. Lord Falmouth, willing to improve
+to the Chevalier's advantage the refusal of so advantageous an offer,
+gave Monsieur de Comminge, then ambassador at the English court, an
+account of it; nor did Monsieur de Comminge fail to represent properly
+the merit of such a refusal to the French court.
+
+Hyde Park, every one knows, is the promenade of London! nothing was so
+much in fashion, during the fine weather, as that promenade, which was
+the rendezvous of magnificence and beauty: every one, therefore, who had
+either sparkling eyes, or a splendid equipage, constantly repaired
+thither; and the king seemed pleased with the place.
+
+Coaches with glasses were then a late invention.
+
+   [Coaches were first introduced into England in the year 1564.
+   Taylor, the water poet, (Works, 1630, p. 240,) says,--"One William
+   Boonen, a Dutchman, brought first the use of coaches hither; and the
+   said Boonen was Queen Elizabeth's coachman; for, indeed, a coach was
+   a strange monster in those days, and the sight of them put both
+   horse and man into amazement." Dr. Percy observes, they were first
+   drawn by two horses, and that it was the favourite Buckingham, who,
+   about 1619, began to draw with six horses. About the same time, he
+   introduced the sedan. 'The Ultimum Vale of John Carleton', 4to,
+   1663, p. 23, will, in a great measure, ascertain the time of the
+   introduction of glass coaches. He says, "I could wish her (i. e.
+   Mary Carleton's) coach (which she said my lord Taff bought for her
+   in England, and sent it over to her, made of the new fashion, wide
+   glasse, very stately; and her pages and lacquies were of the same
+   livery,) was come for me," &c.]
+
+The ladies were afraid of being shut up in them: they greatly preferred
+the pleasure of showing almost their whole persons, to the conveniences
+of modern coaches: that which was made for the king not being remarkable
+for its elegance, the Chevalier de Grammont was of opinion that something
+ingenious might be invented, which should partake of the ancient fashion,
+and likewise prove preferable to the modern; he therefore sent away
+Termes privately with all the necessary instructions to Paris: the Duke
+of Guise was likewise charged with this commission; and the courier,
+having by the favour of Providence escaped the quicksand, in a month's
+time brought safely over to England the most elegant and magnificent
+calash that had ever been seen, which the Chevalier presented to the
+king.
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont had given orders that fifteen hundred louis
+should be expended upon it; but the Duke of Guise, who was his friend,
+to oblige him, laid out two thousand. All the court was in admiration
+at the magnificence of the present; and the king, charmed with the
+Chevalier's attention to everything which could afford him pleasure,
+failed not to acknowledge it: he would not, however, accept a present
+of so much value, but upon condition that the Chevalier should not
+refuse another from him.
+
+The queen, imagining that so splendid a carriage might prove fortunate
+for her, wished to appear in it first, with the Duchess of York. Lady
+Castlemaine, who had seen them in it, thinking that it set off a fine
+figure to greater advantage than any other, desired the king to lend her
+this wonderful calash to appear in it the first fine day in Hyde Park:
+Miss Stewart had the same wish, and requested to have it on the same day.
+As it was impossible to reconcile these two goddesses, whose former union
+was turned into mortal hatred, the king was very much perplexed.
+
+Lady Castlemaine was with child, and threatened to miscarry, if her rival
+was preferred; Miss Stewart threatened, that she never would be with
+child, if her request was not granted. This menace prevailed, and Lady
+Castlemaine's rage was so great, that she had almost kept her word; and
+it was believed that this triumph cost her rival some of her innocence.
+
+The queen dowager, who, though she had no share in these broils, had no
+objection to them, and as usual being diverted with this circumstance,
+she took occasion to joke with the Chevalier de Grammont, for having
+thrown this bone of contention among such competitors; and did not fail
+to give him, in the presence of the whole court, those praises which so
+magnificent a present deserved: "But how comes it," said she, "that you
+have no equipage yourself, though you are at so great an expense? for I
+am told that you do not keep even a single footman, and that one of the
+common runners in the streets lights you home with a stinking link."
+"Madam," said he, "the Chevalier de Grammont hates pomp: my linkboy, of
+whom you speak, is faithful to my service; and besides, he is one of the
+bravest fellows in the world. Your Majesty is unacquainted with the
+nation of link-boys: it is a charming one, I can assure you: a man cannot
+step out in the night without being surrounded by a dozen of them. The
+first time I became acquainted with them, I retained all that offered me
+their services; so that when I arrived at Whitehall, I had at least two
+hundred about my chair: the sight was new; for those who had seen me pass
+with this illumination, asked whose funeral it was. These gentlemen,
+however, began fighting about some dozen shillings I had thrown among
+them then; and he whom your Majesty mentions having beaten three or four
+of his companions, I retained him for his valour. As for the parade of
+coaches and footmen, I despise it: I have sometimes had five or six
+valets-de-chambre at once, without having a single servant in livery,
+except my chaplain Poussatin." "How!" said the queen, bursting out
+laughing, "a chaplain in your livery! he surely was not a priest?"
+"Pardon me, madam," said he, "and the first priest in the world for
+dancing the Biscayan jig." "Chevalier," said the king, "pray tell us the
+history of your chaplain Poussatin."
+
+
+
+
+ETEXT EDITOR'S BOOKMARKS:
+
+Ambition to pass for a wit, only established her tiresome
+An affectation of purity of manners
+Despising everything which  was not like themselves
+Duke would see things if he could
+Every thing that is necessary is honourable in politics
+Good attendants, but understood cheating still better
+Great earnestness passed for business
+Hardly possible for a woman to have less wit, or more beauty
+He talked eternally, without saying anything
+His mistress given him by his priests for penance
+Impenetrable stupidity (passed) for secrecy
+Life, in his opinion, was too short to read all sorts of books
+Never felt the pressure of indigence
+Not that he wanted capacity, but he was too self-sufficient
+Obstinate against all other advices
+One amour is creditable to a lady
+Possessed but little raillery, and still less patience
+Reasons of state assume great privileges
+She just said what she ought, and no more
+They can by no means bear the inconstancy of their mistresses
+Very willing to accept, but was tardy in making returns
+Wealth was necessary for the conveniencies of a long life
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Memoirs of Count Grammont, Volume 3
+by Anthony Hamilton
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK COUNT GRAMMONT ***
+
+***** This file should be named 5411.txt or 5411.zip *****
+This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
+        https://www.gutenberg.org/5/4/1/5411/
+
+Produced by David Widger
+
+Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
+will be renamed.
+
+Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
+one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
+(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
+permission and without paying copyright royalties.  Special rules,
+set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
+copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
+protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark.  Project
+Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
+charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission.  If you
+do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
+rules is very easy.  You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
+such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
+research.  They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
+practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks.  Redistribution is
+subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
+redistribution.
+
+
+
+*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
+
+THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
+PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
+
+To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
+distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
+(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
+https://gutenberg.org/license).
+
+
+Section 1.  General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic works
+
+1.A.  By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
+and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
+(trademark/copyright) agreement.  If you do not agree to abide by all
+the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
+all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
+If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
+terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
+entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
+
+1.B.  "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark.  It may only be
+used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
+agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement.  There are a few
+things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
+even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.  See
+paragraph 1.C below.  There are a lot of things you can do with Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
+and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.  See paragraph 1.E below.
+
+1.C.  The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
+or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works.  Nearly all the individual works in the
+collection are in the public domain in the United States.  If an
+individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
+located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
+copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
+works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
+are removed.  Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
+Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
+freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
+this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
+the work.  You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
+keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.
+
+1.D.  The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
+what you can do with this work.  Copyright laws in most countries are in
+a constant state of change.  If you are outside the United States, check
+the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
+before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
+creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
+Gutenberg-tm work.  The Foundation makes no representations concerning
+the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
+States.
+
+1.E.  Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
+
+1.E.1.  The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
+access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
+whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
+phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
+copied or distributed:
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+1.E.2.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
+from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
+posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
+and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
+or charges.  If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
+with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
+work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
+through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
+Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
+1.E.9.
+
+1.E.3.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
+with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
+must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
+terms imposed by the copyright holder.  Additional terms will be linked
+to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
+permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
+
+1.E.4.  Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
+work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
+
+1.E.5.  Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
+electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
+prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
+active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm License.
+
+1.E.6.  You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
+compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
+word processing or hypertext form.  However, if you provide access to or
+distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
+"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
+posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
+you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
+copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
+request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
+form.  Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
+
+1.E.7.  Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
+performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
+unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
+
+1.E.8.  You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
+access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
+that
+
+- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
+     the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
+     you already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  The fee is
+     owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
+     has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
+     Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.  Royalty payments
+     must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
+     prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
+     returns.  Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
+     sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
+     address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
+     the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
+     you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
+     does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+     License.  You must require such a user to return or
+     destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
+     and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
+     Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
+     money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
+     electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
+     of receipt of the work.
+
+- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
+     distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+1.E.9.  If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
+forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
+both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
+Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark.  Contact the
+Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
+
+1.F.
+
+1.F.1.  Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
+effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
+public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
+collection.  Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
+"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
+property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
+computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
+your equipment.
+
+1.F.2.  LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
+of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
+liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
+fees.  YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
+LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
+PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3.  YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
+TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
+LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
+INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+DAMAGE.
+
+1.F.3.  LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
+defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
+receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
+written explanation to the person you received the work from.  If you
+received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
+your written explanation.  The person or entity that provided you with
+the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
+refund.  If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
+providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
+receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund.  If the second copy
+is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
+opportunities to fix the problem.
+
+1.F.4.  Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
+in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
+
+1.F.5.  Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
+warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
+If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
+law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
+interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
+the applicable state law.  The invalidity or unenforceability of any
+provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
+
+1.F.6.  INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
+trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
+providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
+with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
+promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
+harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
+that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
+or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
+work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
+Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
+
+
+Section  2.  Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
+electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
+including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.  It exists
+because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
+people in all walks of life.
+
+Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
+assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
+goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
+remain freely available for generations to come.  In 2001, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
+and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
+To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
+and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org.
+
+
+Section 3.  Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
+Foundation
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
+501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
+state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
+Revenue Service.  The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
+number is 64-6221541.  Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
+https://pglaf.org/fundraising.  Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
+permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
+
+The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
+Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
+throughout numerous locations.  Its business office is located at
+809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
+business@pglaf.org.  Email contact links and up to date contact
+information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
+page at https://pglaf.org
+
+For additional contact information:
+     Dr. Gregory B. Newby
+     Chief Executive and Director
+     gbnewby@pglaf.org
+
+
+Section 4.  Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
+spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
+increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
+freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
+array of equipment including outdated equipment.  Many small donations
+($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
+status with the IRS.
+
+The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
+charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
+States.  Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
+considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
+with these requirements.  We do not solicit donations in locations
+where we have not received written confirmation of compliance.  To
+SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
+particular state visit https://pglaf.org
+
+While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
+have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
+against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
+approach us with offers to donate.
+
+International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
+any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
+outside the United States.  U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
+
+Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
+methods and addresses.  Donations are accepted in a number of other
+ways including including checks, online payments and credit card
+donations.  To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate
+
+
+Section 5.  General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.
+
+Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
+concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
+with anyone.  For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
+Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
+
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
+unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we do not necessarily
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+
+Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
+
+     https://www.gutenberg.org
+
+This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
+including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
+Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
+subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
diff --git a/5411.zip b/5411.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d12fdfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/5411.zip
diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6312041
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
+jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize
+this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright
+status under the laws that apply to them.
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a053f3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #5411 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/5411)
diff --git a/old/mcg3w10.txt b/old/mcg3w10.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3e8948
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/mcg3w10.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2307 @@
+The Project Gutenberg Ebook Memoirs of Count Grammont, v3, by Hamilton
+#3 in our series by Anthony Hamilton, Edited by Sir Walter Scott
+
+Copyright laws are changing all over the world. Be sure to check the
+copyright laws for your country before downloading or redistributing
+this or any other Project Gutenberg eBook.
+
+This header should be the first thing seen when viewing this Project
+Gutenberg file.  Please do not remove it.  Do not change or edit the
+header without written permission.
+                    
+Please read the "legal small print," and other information about the
+eBook and Project Gutenberg at the bottom of this file.  Included is
+important information about your specific rights and restrictions in
+how the file may be used.  You can also find out about how to make a
+donation to Project Gutenberg, and how to get involved.
+
+
+**Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts**
+
+**EBooks Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971**
+
+*****These EBooks Were Prepared By Thousands of Volunteers*****
+
+
+Title: The Memoirs of Count Grammont, Volume 3.
+
+Author: Anthony Hamilton (Edited by Sir Walter Scott)
+
+Release Date: April, 2004  [EBook #5411]
+[Yes, we are more than one year ahead of schedule]
+[This file was first posted on July 12, 2002]
+
+Edition: 10
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+
+
+
+
+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEMOIRS OF GRAMMONT, V3, BY HAMILTON ***
+
+
+
+This eBook was produced by David Widger <widger@cecomet.net>
+
+
+
+[NOTE: There is a short list of bookmarks, or pointers, at the end of the
+file for those who may wish to sample the author's ideas before making an
+entire meal of them.  D.W.]
+
+
+
+
+
+                  MEMOIRS OF COUNT GRAMMONT, VOLUME 3.
+
+                          By Anthony Hamilton
+
+                EDITED, WITH NOTES, BY SIR WALTER SCOTT
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER SIXTH.
+
+                    HIS ARRIVAL AT THE ENGLISH COURT--
+                    THE VARIOUS PERSONAGES OF THIS COURT
+
+
+Curiosity to see a man equally famous for his crimes and his elevation,
+had once before induced the Chevalier de Grammont to visit England.
+Reasons of state assume great privileges.  Whatever appears advantageous
+is lawful, and every thing that is necessary is honourable in politics.
+While the King of England sought the protection of Spain in the Low
+Countries, and that of the States-General in Holland, other powers sent
+splendid embassies to Cromwell.
+
+This man, whose ambition had opened him a way to sovereign power by the
+greatest crimes, maintained himself in it by accomplishments which seemed
+to render him worthy of it by their lustre.  The nation, of all Europe
+the least submissive, patiently bore a yoke which did not even leave her
+the shadow of that liberty of which she is so jealous; and Cromwell,
+master of the Commonwealth, under the title of Protector, feared at home,
+but yet more dreaded abroad, was at his highest pitch of glory when he
+was seen by the Chevalier de Grammont; but the Chevalier did not see any
+appearance of a court.  One part of the nobility proscribed, the other
+removed from employments; an affectation of purity of manners, instead of
+the luxury which the pomp of courts displays all taken together,
+presented nothing but sad and serious objects in the finest city in the
+world; and therefore the Chevalier acquired nothing by this voyage but
+the idea of some merit in a profligate man, and the admiration of some
+concealed beauties he had found means to discover.
+
+Affairs wore quite a different appearance at his second voyage.  The joy
+for the restoration of the royal family still appeared in all parts.  The
+nation, fond of change and novelty, tasted the pleasure of a natural
+government, and seemed to breathe again after a long oppression.  In
+short, the same people who, by a solemn abjuration, had excluded even the
+posterity of their lawful sovereign, exhausted themselves in festivals
+and rejoicings for his return.
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont arrived about two years after the restoration.
+The reception he met with in this court soon made him forget the other;
+and the engagements he in the end contracted in England lessened the
+regret he had in leaving France.
+
+This was a desirable retreat for an exile of his disposition.
+
+Everything flattered his taste, and if the adventures he had in this
+country were not the most considerable, they were at least the most
+agreeable of his life.  But before we relate them it will not be improper
+to give some account of the English court, as it was at that period.
+
+The necessity of affairs had exposed Charles II. from his earliest youth
+to the toils and perils of a bloody war.  The fate of the king his father
+had left him for inheritance nothing but his misfortunes and disgraces.
+They overtook him everywhere; but it was not until he had struggled with
+his ill-fortune to the last extremity that he submitted to the decrees of
+Providence.
+
+All those who were either great on account of their birth or their
+loyalty had followed him into exile; and all the young persons of the
+greatest distinction having afterwards joined him, composed a court
+worthy of a better fate.
+
+Plenty and prosperity, which are thought to tend only to corrupt manners,
+found nothing to spoil in an indigent and wandering court.  Necessity, on
+the contrary, which produces a thousand advantages whether we will or no,
+served them for education; and nothing was to be seen among them but an
+emulation in glory, politeness, and virtue.
+
+With this little court, in such high esteem for merit, the King of
+England returned two years prior to the period we mention, to ascend a
+throne which, to all appearances, he was to fill as worthily as the most
+glorious of his predecessors.  The magnificence displayed on thus
+occasion was renewed at his coronation.
+
+The death of the Duke of Gloucester, and of the Princess Royal, which
+followed soon after, had interrupted the course of this splendour by a
+tedious mourning, which they quitted at last to prepare for the reception
+of the Infanta of Portugal.
+
+     [The Princess Royal: Mary, eldest daughter of Charles I., born
+     November 4th, 1631, married to the Prince of Orange, 2nd May, 1641,
+     who died 27th October, 1650.  She arrived in England, September
+     23rd, and died of the smallpox, December 24th, 1660,-according to
+     Bishop Burnet, not much lamented.  "She had lived," says the author,
+     "in her widowhood for some years with great reputation, kept a
+     decent court, and supported her brothers very liberally; and lived
+     within bounds.  But her mother, who had the art of making herself
+     believe anything she had a mind to, upon a conversation with the
+     queen-mother of France, fancied the King of France might be inclined
+     to marry her.  So she wrote to her to come to Paris.  In order to
+     that, she made an equipage far above what she could support.  So she
+     ran herself into debt, sold all her jewels, and some estates that
+     were in her power as her son's guardian; and was not only
+     disappointed of that vain expectation, but fell into some
+     misfortunes that lessened the reputation she had formerly lived in."
+     History of his Own Times, vol.  i., p. 238.  She was mother of
+     William III.]
+
+     ["The Infanta, of Portugal landed in May (1662) at Portsmouth.  The
+     king went thither, and was married privately by Lord Aubigny, a
+     secular priest, and almoner to the queen, according to the rites of
+     Rome, in the queen's chamber; none present but the Portuguese
+     ambassador, three more Portuguese of quality, and two or three
+     Portuguese women.  What made this necessary was, that the Earl of
+     Sandwich did not marry her by proxy, as usual, before she came away.
+     How this happened, the duke knows not, nor did the chancellor know
+     of this private marriage.  The queen would not be bedded, till
+     pronounced man and wife by Sheldon, bishop of London."--Extract 2,
+     from King James II.'s Journal.--Macpherson's State Papers, vol. i.
+     In the same collection is a curious letter from the King to Lord
+     Clarendon, giving his opinion of the queen after having seen her.]
+
+It was in the height of the rejoicings they were making for this new
+queen, in all the splendour of a brilliant court, that the Chevalier de
+Grammont arrived to contribute to its magnificence and diversions.
+
+Accustomed as he was to the grandeur of the court of France, he was
+surprised at the politeness and splendour of the court of England.  The
+king was inferior to none, either in shape or air; his wit was pleasant;
+his disposition easy and affable; his soul, susceptible of opposite
+impressions, was compassionate to the unhappy, inflexible to the wicked,
+and tender even to excess; he showed great abilities in urgent affairs,
+but was incapable of application to any that were not so: his heart was
+often the dupe, but oftener the slave, of his engagements.
+
+The character of the Duke of York was entirely different he had the
+reputation of undaunted courage, an inviolable attachment for his word,
+great economy in his affairs, hauteur, application, arrogance, each in
+their turn: a scrupulous observer of the rules of duty and the laws of
+justice; he was accounted a faithful friend, and an implacable enemy.
+
+     [James, Duke of York, afterwards King James II.  He was born 15th
+     October, 1633; succeeded his brother 6th February, 1684-5; abdicated
+     the crown in 1688; and died 6th September, 1701.  Bishop Burnet's
+     character of him appears not very far from the truth.--" He was,"
+     says this writer, "very brave in his youth; and so much magnified by
+     Monsieur Turenne, that till his marriage lessened him, he really
+     clouded the king, and passed for the superior genius.  He was
+     naturally candid and sincere, and a firm friend, till affairs and
+     his religion wore out all his first principles and inclinations.  he
+     had a great desire to understand affairs: and in order to that he
+     kept a constant journal of all that passed, of which he showed me a
+     great deal.  The Duke of Buckingham gave me once a short but severe
+     character of the two brothers.  It was the more severe, because it
+     was true: the king, (he said,) could see things if he would: and the
+     duke would see things if he could.  He had no true judgment, and was
+     soon determined by those whom he trusted: but he was obstinate
+     against all other advices.  He was bred with high notions of kingly
+     authority, and laid it down for a maxim, that all who opposed the
+     king were rebels in their hearts.  He was perpetually in one amour
+     or other, without being very nice in his choice: upon which the king
+     once said, he believed his brother had his mistress given him by his
+     priests for penance.  He was naturally eager and revengeful: and was
+     against the taking off any, that set up in an opposition to the
+     measures of the court, and who by that means grew popular in the
+     house of commons.  He was for rougher methods.  He continued many
+     years dissembling his religion, and seemed zealous for the church of
+     England, but it was chiefly on design to hinder all propositions,
+     that tended to unite us among ourselves.  He was a frugal prince,
+     and brought his court into method and magnificence, for he had
+     L100,000. a-year allowed him.  He was made high admiral, and he came
+     to understand all the concerns of the sea very particularly."]
+
+His morality and justice, struggling for some time with prejudice, had at
+last triumphed, by his acknowledging for his wife Miss Hyde, maid of
+honour to the Princess Royal, whom he had secretly married in Holland.
+Her father, from that time prime minister of England, supported by this
+new interest, soon rose to the head of affairs, and had almost ruined
+them: not that he wanted capacity, but he was too self-sufficient.
+
+The Duke of Ormond possessed the confidence and esteem of his master: the
+greatness of his services, the splendour of his merit and his birth, and
+the fortune he had abandoned in adhering to the fate of his prince,
+rendered him worthy of it nor durst the courtiers even murmur at seeing
+him grand steward of the household, first lord of the bed-chamber, and
+lord-lieutenant of Ireland.  He exactly resembled the Marshal de
+Grammont, in the turn of his wit and the nobleness of his manners: and
+like him was the honour of his master's court.
+
+The Duke of Buckingham and the Earl of St. Albans were the same in
+England as they appeared in France: the one full of wit and vivacity,
+dissipated, without splendour, an immense estate upon which he had just
+entered: the other, a man of no great genius, had raised himself a
+considerable fortune from nothing, and by losing at play, and keeping a
+great table, made it appear greater than it was.
+
+     ["The Duke of Buckingham is again one hundred and forty thousand
+     pounds in debt; and by this prorogation his creditors have time to
+     tear all his lands to pieces."--Andrew Marvell's Works, 4to.  edit.,
+     vol. i. p. 406.]
+
+Sir George Berkeley, afterwards Earl of Falmouth, was the confidant and
+favourite of the King: he commanded the Duke of York's regiment of
+guards, and governed the Duke himself.  He had nothing very remarkable
+either in his wit, or his person; but his sentiments were worthy of the
+fortune which awaited him, when, on the very point of his elevation, he
+was killed at sea.  Never did disinterestedness so perfectly characterise
+the greatness of the soul: he had no views but what tended to the glory
+of his master: his credit was never employed but in advising him to
+reward services, or to confer favours on merit: so polished in
+conversation, that the greater his power, the greater was his humility;
+and so sincere in all his proceedings, that he would never have been
+taken for a courtier.
+
+The Duke of Ormond's sons and his nephews had been in the king's court
+during his exile, and were far from diminishing its lustre after his
+return.  The Earl of Arran  had a singular address in all kinds of
+exercises, played well at tennis and on the guitar, and was pretty
+successful in gallantry: his elder brother, the Earl of Ossory, was not
+so lively, but of the most liberal sentiments, and of great probity.
+
+The elder of the Hamiltons, their cousin, was the man who of all the
+court dressed best: he was well made in his person, and possessed those
+happy talents which lead to fortune, and procure success in love: he was
+a most assiduous courtier, had the most lively wit, the most polished
+manners, and the most punctual attention to his master imaginable: no
+person danced better, nor was any one a more general lover: a merit of
+some account in a court entirely devoted to love and gallantry.  It is
+not at all surprising, that with these qualities he succeeded my Lord
+Falmouth in the King's favour; but it is very extraordinary that he
+should have experienced the same destiny, as if this sort of war had been
+declared against merit only, and as if this sort of combat was fatal to
+none but such as had certain hopes of a splendid fortune.  This, however,
+did not happen till some years afterwards.
+
+The beau Sydney, less dangerous than he appeared to be,
+
+     [Robert Sydney, third son of the Earl of Leicester, and brother of
+     the famous Algernon Sydney, who was beheaded.  This is Lord Orford's
+     account; though, on less authority, I should have been inclined to
+     have considered Henry Sydney, his younger brother, who was
+     afterwards created Earl of Rumney, and died 8th April, 1704, as the
+     person intended.  There are some circumstances which seem
+     particularly to point to him.  Burnet, speaking of him, says, "he
+     was a, graceful man, and had lived long in the court, where he lead
+     some adventures that became very public.  He was a man of a sweet
+     and caressing temper, had no malice in his heart, but too great a
+     love of pleasure.  He had been sent envoy to Holland in the year
+     1679, where he entered into such particular confidences with the
+     prince, that he had the highest measure of his trust and favour that
+     any Englishman ever had."--History of his Own Times, vol.  ii., p.
+     494.
+
+     In the Essay on Satire, by Dryden and Mulgrave, he is spoken of in
+     no very decent terms.
+
+               "And little Sid, for simile renown'd,
+               Pleasure has always sought, but never found
+               Though all his thoughts on wine and women fall,
+               His are so bad, sure he ne'er thinks at all.
+               The flesh he lives upon is rank and strong;
+               His meat and mistresses are kept too long.
+               But sure we all mistake this pious man,
+               Who mortifies his person all he can
+               What we uncharitably take for sin,
+               Are only rules of this odd capuchin;
+               For never hermit, under grave pretence,
+               Has lived more contrary to common sense."
+
+     These verses, however, have been applied to Sir Charles Sedley,
+     whose name was originally spelt Sidley.  Robert Sydney died at
+     Pensburst, 1674.]
+
+had not sufficient vivacity to support the impression which his figure
+made; but little Jermyn was on all sides successful in his intrigues.
+The old Earl of St.  Albans, his uncle, had for a long time adopted him,
+though the youngest of all his nephews.  It is well known what a table
+the good man kept at Paris, while the King his master was starving at
+Brussels, and the Queen Dowager, his mistress, lived not over well in
+France.
+
+     [To what a miserable state the queen was reduced may be seen in the
+     following extract from De Retz.-" Four or five days before the king
+     removed from Paris, I went to visit the Queen of England, whom I
+     found in her daughter's chamber, who hath been since Duchess of
+     Orleans.  At my coming in she said, 'You see I am come to keep
+     Henrietta company.  The poor child could not rise to-day for want of
+     a fire.'  The truth is, that the cardinal for six months together
+     had not ordered her any money towards her pension; that no
+     tradespeople would trust her for anything; and that there was not at
+     her lodgings in the Louvre one single billet.  You will do me the
+     justice to suppose that the Princess of England did not keep her bed
+     the next day for want of a faggot; but it was not this which the
+     Princess of Conde meant in her letter.  What she spoke about was,
+     that some days after my visiting the Queen of England, I remembered
+     the condition I had found her in, and had strongly represented the
+     shame of abandoning her in that manner, which caused the parliament
+     to send 40,000 livres to her majesty.  Posterity will hardly believe
+     that a Princess of England, grand-daughter of Henry the Great, hath
+     wanted a faggot, in the month of January, to get out of bed in the
+     Louvre, and in the eyes of a French court.  We read in histories,
+     with horror, of baseness less monstrous than this; and the little
+     concern I have met with about it in most people's minds, has obliged
+     me to make, I believe, a thousand times, this reflection,--that
+     examples of times past move men beyond comparison more than those of
+     their own times.  We accustom ourselves to what we see; and I have
+     sometimes told you, that I doubted whether Caligula's horse being
+     made a consul would have surprised us so much as we imagine."--
+     Memoirs, vol. i., p. 261.  As for the relative situation of the king
+     and Lord Jermyn, (afterwards St. Albans,) Lord Clarendon says, that
+     the "Marquis of Ormond was compelled to put himself in prison, with
+     other gentlemen, at a pistole a-week for his diet, and to walk the
+     streets a-foot, which was no honourable custom in Paris, whilst the
+     Lord Jermyn kept an excellent table for those who courted him, and
+     had a coach of his own, and all other accommodations incident to the
+     most full fortune: and if the king had the most urgent occasion for
+     the use but of twenty pistoles, as sometimes he had, he could not
+     find credit to borrow it, which he often had experiment of."--
+     History of the Rebellion, vol.  iii., p. 2.]
+
+Jermyn, supported by his uncle's wealth, found it no difficult matter to
+make a considerable figure upon his arrival at the court of the Princess
+of Orange: the poor courtiers of the king her brother could not vie with
+him in point of equipage and magnificence; and these two articles often
+produce as much success in love as real merit: there is no necessity for
+any other example than the present; for though Jermyn was brave, and
+certainly a gentleman, yet he had neither brilliant actions, nor
+distinguished rank, to set him off; and as for his fibre, there was
+nothing advantageous in it.  He was little: his head was large and his
+legs small; his features were not disagreeable, but he was affected in
+his carriage and behaviour.  All his wit consisted in expressions learnt
+by rote, which he occasionally employed either in raillery, or in love.
+This was the whole foundation of the merit of a man so formidable in
+amours.
+
+The Princess Royal was the first who was taken with him: Miss Hyde seemed
+to be following the steps of her mistress: this immediately brought him
+into credit, and his reputation was established in England before his
+arrival.  Prepossession in the minds of women is sufficient to find
+access to their hearts: Jermyn found them in dispositions so favourable
+for him, that he had nothing to do but to speak.
+
+It was in vain they perceived that a reputation so lightly established,
+was still more weakly sustained: the prejudice remained: the Countess of
+Castlemaine, a woman lively and discerning followed the delusive shadow;
+and though undeceived in a reputation which promised so much, and
+performed so little, she nevertheless continued in her infatuation: she
+even persisted in it, until she was upon the point of embroiling herself
+with the King; so great was this first instance of her constancy.
+
+Such were the heroes of the court.  As for the beauties, you could not
+look anywhere without seeing them: those of the greatest reputation were
+this same Countess of Castlemaine, afterwards Duchess of Cleveland, Lady
+Chesterfield, Lady Shrewsbury, the Mrs. Roberts, Mrs. Middleton, the
+Misses Brooks, and a thousand others, who shone at court with equal
+lustre; but it was Miss Hamilton and Miss Stewart who were its chief
+ornaments.
+
+     [Lady Shrewsbury: Anna, Maria, Countess of Shrewsbury, eldest
+     daughter of Robert Brudenel, Earl of Cardigan, and wife of Francis,
+     Earl of Shrewsbury, who was killed in a duel by George, Duke of
+     Buckingham, March 16, 1667.  She afterwards re-married with George
+     Rodney Bridges, Esq., second son of Sir Thomas Bridges of Keynsham,
+     in Somersetshire, knight, and died April 20, 1702.  By her second
+     husband she had one son, George Rodney Bridges, who died in 1751.
+     This woman is said to have been so abandoned, as to have held, in
+     the habit of a page, her gallant, the duke's horse, while he fought
+     and killed her husband; after which she went to bed with him,
+     stained with her husband's blood.]
+
+The new queen gave but little additional brilliancy to the court, either
+in her person or in her retinue, which was then composed of the Countess
+de Panetra, who came over with her in quality of lady of the bedchamber;
+six frights, who called themselves maids of honour, and a duenna, another
+monster, who took the title of governess to those extraordinary beauties.
+
+     [Lord Clarendon confirms, in some measure, this account.  "There
+     was a numerous family of men and women, that were sent from
+     Portugal, the most improper to promote that conformity in the queen
+     that was necessary for her condition and future happiness that could
+     be chosen; the women, for the most part, old, and ugly, and proud,
+     incapable of any conversation with persons of quality and a liberal
+     education: and they desired, and indeed had conspired so far to
+     possess the queen themselves, that she should neither learn the
+     English language, nor use their habit, nor depart from the manners
+     and fashions of her own country in any particulars: which
+     resolution," they told, "would be for the dignity of Portugal, and
+     would quickly induce the English ladies to conform to her majesty's
+     practice.  And this imagination had made that impression, that the
+     tailor who had been sent into Portugal to make her clothes could
+     never be admitted to see her, or receive any employment.  Nor when
+     she came to Portsmouth, and found there several ladies of honour and
+     prime quality to attend her in the places to which they were
+     assigned by the king, did she receive any of them till the king
+     himself came; nor then with any grace, or the liberty that belonged
+     to their places and offices.  She could not be persuaded to be
+     dressed out of the wardrobe that the king had sent to her, but would
+     wear the clothes which she had brought, until she found that the
+     king was displeased, and would be obeyed; whereupon she conformed,
+     against the advice of her women, who continued their opiniatrety,
+     without any one of them receding from their own mode, which exposed
+     them the more to reproach."--Continuation of Clarendon's Life, p.
+     168.  In a short time after their arrival in England, they were
+     ordered back to Portugal.]
+
+Among the men were Francisco de Melo, brother to the Countess de Panetra;
+one Taurauvedez, who called himself Don Pedro Francisco Correo de Silva,
+extremely handsome, but a greater fool than all the Portuguese put
+together: he was more vain of his names than of his person; but the Duke
+of Buckingham, a still greater fool than he, though more addicted to
+raillery, gave him the additional name of Peter of the Wood.  He was so
+enraged at this, that, after many fruitless complaints and ineffectual
+menaces, poor Pedro de Silva was obliged to leave England, while the
+happy duke kept possession of a Portuguese nymph more hideous than the
+queen's maids of honour, whom he had taken from him, as well as two of
+his names.  Besides these, there were six chaplains, four bakers, a Jew
+perfumer, and a certain officer, probably without an office, who called
+himself her highness's barber.  Katharine de Braganza was far from
+appearing with splendour in the charming court where she came to reign;
+however, in the end she was pretty successful.
+
+     [Lord Clarendon says, "the queen had beauty and wit enough to make
+     herself agreeable to him (the king); and it is very certain, that,
+     at their first meeting, and for some time after, the King had very
+     good satisfaction in her.  .  .  .  Though she was of years enough
+     to have had more experience of the world, and of as much wit as
+     could be wished, and of a humour very agreeable at some seasons,
+     yet, she had been bred, according to the mode and discipline of her
+     country, in a monastery, where she had only seen the women who
+     attended her, and conversed with the religious who resided there;
+     and, without doubt, in her inclinations, was enough disposed to have
+     been one of that number: and from this restraint she was called out
+     to be a great queen, and to a free conversation in a court that was
+     to be upon the matter new formed, and reduced from the manners of a
+     licentious age to the old rules and limits which had been observed
+     in better times; to which regular and decent conformity the present
+     disposition of men or women was not enough inclined to submit, nor
+     the king enough disposed to exact."--Continuation of Lord
+     Clarendon's Life, p. 167.  After some struggle, she submitted to the
+     king's licentious conduct, and from that time lived upon easy terms
+     with him, until his death.  On the 30th March, 1692, she left
+     Somerset-house, her usual residence, and retired to Lisbon, where
+     she died, 31st December, 1705, N. S.]
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont, who had been long known to the royal family,
+and to most of the gentlemen of the court, had only to get acquainted
+with the ladies; and for this he wanted no interpreter: they all spoke
+French enough to explain themselves, and they all understood it
+sufficiently to comprehend what he had to say to them.
+
+The queen's court was always very numerous; that of the duchess was less
+so, but more select.  This princess had a majestic air, a pretty good
+shape, not much beauty, a great deal of wit, and so just a discernment of
+merit, that, whoever of either sex were possessed of it, were sure to be
+distinguished by her: an air of grandeur in all her actions made her be
+considered as if born to support the rank: which placed her so near the
+throne.
+
+     ["The Duchess of York," says Bishop Burnet, "was a very
+     extraordinary woman.  She had great knowledge, and a lively sense of
+     things.  She soon understood what belonged to a princess, and took
+     state on her rather too much.  She wrote well, and had begun the
+     duke's life, of which she showed me a volume.  It was all drawn from
+     his journal; and he intended to have employed me in carrying it on.
+     She was bred in great strictness in religion, and practised secret
+     confession.  Morley told me he was her confessor.  She began at
+     twelve years old, and continued under his direction till, upon her
+     father's disgrace, he was put from the court.  She was generous and
+     friendly, but was too severe an enemy."-history of his Own Times,
+     vol.  i., p.  237.  She was contracted to the duke at Breda,
+     November 24, 1659, and married at Worcester-house, 3rd September,
+     1660, in the night, between eleven and two, by Dr. Joseph Crowther,
+     the duke's chaplain; the Lord Ossory giving her in marriage.--
+     Kennet's Register, p. 246.  She died 31st March, 1671, having
+     previously acknowledged herself to be a Roman Catholic.--See also
+     her character by Bishop Morley.--Kennet's Register, p. 385, 390.]
+
+The queen dowager returned after the marriage of the princess royal, and
+it was in her court that the two others met.
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont was soon liked by all parties those who had not
+known him before were surprised to see a Frenchman of his disposition.
+The king's restoration having drawn a great number of foreigners from all
+countries to the court, the French were rather in disgrace; for, instead
+of any persons of distinction having appeared among the first who came
+over, they had only seen some insignificant puppies, each striving to
+outdo the other in folly and extravagance, despising everything which
+was not like themselves, and thinking they introduced the 'bel air', by
+treating the English as strangers in their own country.
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont, on the contrary, was familiar with everybody:
+he gave in to their customs, eat of everything, and easily habituated
+himself to their manner of living, which he looked upon as neither vulgar
+nor barbarous; and as he showed a natural complaisance, instead of the
+impertinent affectation of the others, all the nation was charmed with a
+man, who agreeably indemnified them for what they had suffered from the
+folly of the former.
+
+He first of all made his court to the king, and was of all his parties
+of pleasure: he played high, and lost but seldom: he found so little
+difference in the manners and conversation of those with whom he chiefly
+associated, that he could scarcely believe he was out of his own country.
+Everything which could agreeably engage a man of his disposition,
+presented itself to his different humours, as if the pleasures of the
+court of France had quitted it to accompany him in his exile.
+
+He was every day engaged for some entertainment; and those who wished to
+regale him in their turn, were obliged to take their measures in time,
+and to invite him eight or ten days before hand.  These importunate
+civilities became tiresome in the long run; but as they seemed
+indispensable to a man of his disposition, and as they were the most
+genteel people of the court who loaded him with them, he submitted with
+a good grace; but always reserved to himself the liberty of supping at
+home.
+
+His supper hour depended upon play, and was indeed very uncertain;
+but his supper was always served up with the greatest elegance, by the
+assistance of one or two servants, who were excellent caterers and good
+attendants, but understood cheating still better.
+
+The company, at these little entertainments, was not numerous, but
+select: the first people of the court were commonly of the party; but the
+man, who of all others suited him best on these occasions, never failed
+to attend: that was the celebrated Saint Evremond, who with great
+exactness, but too great freedom, had written the history of the treaty
+of the Pyrenees: an exile like himself, though for very different
+reasons.
+
+Happily for them both, fortune had, some time before the arrival of the
+Chevalier de Grammont, brought Saint Evremond to England, after he had
+had leisure to repent in Holland of the beauties of that famous satire.
+
+     [Charles de St. Denis, Seigneur de Saint Evremond, was born at St.
+     Denis le Guast, in Lower Normandy, on the 1st of April, 1613.  He
+     was educated at Paris, with a view to the profession of the law; but
+     he early quitted that pursuit, and went into the army, where he
+     signalized himself on several occasions.  At the time of the
+     Pyrenean treaty, he wrote a letter censuring the conduct of Cardinal
+     Mazarin, which occasioned his being banished France.  He first took
+     refuge in Holland; but, in 1662, he removed into England, where he
+     continued, with a short interval, during the rest of his life.  In
+     1675, the Duchess of Mazarin came to reside in England; and with her
+     St. Evremond passed much of his time.  He preserved his health and
+     cheerfulness to a very great age, and died 9th of September, 1703,
+     aged ninety years, five months, and twenty days.  His biographer
+     Monsieur Des Maizeaux, describes him thus: "M. de St. Evremond had
+     blue, lively, and sparkling eyes, a large forehead, thick eyebrows,
+     a handsome mouth, and a sneering physiognomy.  Twenty years before
+     his death, a wen grew between his eye-brows, which in time increased
+     to a considerable bigness.  He once designed to have it cut off, but
+     as it was no ways troublesome to him, and he little regarded that
+     kind of deformity, Dr. Le Fevre advised him to let it alone, lest
+     such an operation should be attended with dangerous symptoms in a
+     man of his age.  He would often make merry with himself on account
+     of his wen, his great leather cap, and grey hair, which he chose to
+     wear rather than a periwig."   St. Evremond was a kind of Epicurean
+     philosopher, and drew his own character in the following terms, in a
+     letter to Count de Grammont.  He was a philosopher equally removed
+     from superstition and impiety; a voluptuary who had no less aversion
+     from debauchery than inclination for pleasure: a man who had never
+     felt the pressure of indigence, and who had never been in possession
+     of affluence: he lived in a condition despised by those who have
+     everything, envied by those who have nothing, and relished by those
+     who make their reason the foundation of their happiness.  When he
+     was young he hated profusion, being persuaded that some degree of
+     wealth was necessary for the conveniencies of a long life: when he
+     was old, he could hardly endure economy, being of opinion that want
+     is little to be dreaded when a man has but little time left to be
+     miserable.  He was well pleased with nature, and did not complain of
+     fortune.  He hated vice, was indulgent to frailties, and lamented
+     misfortunes.  He sought not after the failings of men with a design
+     to expose them; be only found what was ridiculous in them for his
+     own amusement: he had a secret pleasure in discovering this himself,
+     and would, indeed, have had a still greater in discovering this to
+     others, had not he been checked by discretion.  Life, in his
+     opinion, was too short to read all sorts of books, and to burden
+     one's memory with a multitude of things, at the expense of one's
+     judgment.  He did not apply himself to the most learned writings, in
+     order to acquire knowledge, but to the most rational, to fortify his
+     reason: he sometimes chose the most delicate, to give delicacy to
+     his own taste, and sometimes the most agreeable, to give the same to
+     his own genius.  It remains that he should be described, such as he
+     was, in friendship and in religion.  In friendship he was more
+     constant than a philosopher, and more sincere than a young man of
+     good nature without experience.  With regard to religion, his piety
+     consisted more in justice and charity than in penance or
+     mortification.  He placed his confidence in God, trusting in His
+     goodness, and hoping that in the bosom of His providence he should
+     find his repose and his felicity."--He was buried in Westminster
+     Abbey.]
+
+The Chevalier was from that time his hero: they had each of them attained
+to all the advantages which a knowledge of the world, and the society of
+people of fashion, could add to the improvement of good natural talents.
+Saint Evremond, less engaged in frivolous pursuits, frequently gave
+little lectures to the Chevalier, and by making observations upon the
+past, endeavoured to set him right for the present, or to instruct him
+for the future.  "You are now," said he, "in the most agreeable way of
+life a man of your temper could wish for: you are the delight of a
+youthful, sprightly, and gallant court: the king has never a party of
+pleasure to which you are not admitted.  You play from morning to night,
+or, to speak more properly, from night to morning, without knowing
+what it is to lose.  Far from losing the money you brought hither, as you
+have done in other places, you have doubled it, trebled it, multiplied it
+almost beyond your wishes, notwithstanding the exorbitant expenses you
+are imperceptibly led into.  This, without doubt, is the most desirable
+situation in the, world: stop here, Chevalier, and do not ruin your
+affairs by returning to your old sins.  Avoid love, by pursuing other
+pleasures: love has never been favourable to you.
+
+     ["Saint Evremond and Bussi-Rabutin, who have also written on the
+     life of the Count de Grammont, agree with Hamilton in representing
+     him as a man less fortunate in love than at play; not seeking for
+     any other pleasure in the conquest of a woman but that of depriving
+     another of her; and not able to persuade any one of his passion,
+     because he spoke to her, as at all other times, in jest: but cruelly
+     revenging himself on those who refused to hear him; corrupting the
+     servants of those whom they did favour, counterfeiting their
+     handwriting, intercepting their letters, disconcerting their
+     rendezvous; in one word, disturbing their amours by everything which
+     a rival, prodigal, indefatigable, and full of artifice, can be
+     imagined to do.  The straitest ties of blood could not secure any
+     one from his detraction.  His nephew, the Count de Guiche, was a
+     victim: he had in truth, offended the Count de Grammont, by having
+     supplanted him in the affection of the Countess de Fiesque, whom he
+     loved afterwards for the space of twelve years.  Here was enough to
+     irritate the self-love of a man less persuaded of his own merit."
+     Hamilton does not describe the exterior of the count, but accuses
+     Bussi-Rabutin of having, in the following description, given a more
+     agreeable than faithful portrait of him: "The chevalier had laughing
+     eyes, a well-formed nose, a beautiful mouth, a small dimple in the
+     chin, which had an agreeable effect on his countenance, a certain
+     delicacy in his physiognomy, and a handsome shape, if he had not
+     stooped."]
+
+"You are sensible how much gallantry has cost you; and every person here
+is not so well acquainted with that matter as yourself.  Play boldly:
+entertain the court with your wit: divert the king by your ingenious and
+entertaining stories; but avoid all engagements which can deprive you of
+this merit, and make you forget you are a stranger and an exile in this
+delightful country.
+
+"Fortune may bow weary of befriending you at play.  What would have
+become of you, if your last misfortune had happened to you when your
+money had been at as low an ebb as I have known it?  Attend carefully
+then to this necessary deity, and renounce the other.  You will be missed
+at the court of France before you brow weary of this; but be that as it
+may, lay up a good store of money: when a man is rich he consoles himself
+for his banishment.  I know you well, my dear Chevalier: if you take it
+into your head to seduce a lady, or to supplant a lover, your gains at
+play will by no means suffice for presents and for bribes: no, let play
+be as productive to you as it can be, you will never gain so much by it
+as you will lose by love, if you yield to it.
+
+"You are in possession of a thousand splendid qualifications which
+distinguish you here: generous, benevolent, elegant, and polite; and for
+your engaging wit, inimitable.  Upon a strict examination, perhaps, all
+this would not be found literally true; but these are brilliant marks;
+and since it is granted that you possess them, do not show yourself here
+in any other light: for, in love, if your manner of paying your addresses
+can be so denominated, you do not in the least resemble the picture I
+have just now drawn."
+
+"My little philosophical monitor," said the Chevalier de Grammont, "you
+talk here as if you were the Cato of Normandy."  "Do I say anything
+untrue?"  replied Saint Evremond: "Is it not a fact, that as soon as a
+woman pleases you, your first care is to find out whether she has any
+other lover, and your second how to plague her; for the gaining her
+affection is the last thing in your thoughts.  You seldom engage in
+intrigues, but to disturb the happiness of others: a mistress who has no
+lovers would have no charms for you, and if she has, she would be
+invaluable.  Do not all the places through which you have passed furnish
+me with a thousand examples?  Shall I mention your coup d'essai at Turin?
+the trick you played at Fontainebleau, where you robbed the Princess
+Palatine's courier upon the highway? and for what purpose was this fine
+exploit, but to put you in possession of some proofs of her affection for
+another, in order to give her uneasiness and confusion by reproaches and
+menaces, which you had no right to use?
+
+"Who but yourself ever took it into his head to place himself in ambush
+upon the stairs, to disturb a man in an intrigue, and to pull him back by
+the leg when he was half way up to his mistress's chamber?  yet did not
+you use your friend the Duke of Buckingham in this manner, when he was
+stealing at night to ------ although you were not in the least his rival?
+How many spies did not you send out after d'Olonne?
+
+     [Mademoiselle de la Loupe, who is mentioned in De Retz's Memoirs,
+     vol.  iii., p. 95.  She married the Count d'Olonne, and became
+     famous for her gallantries, of which the Count de Bussi speaks so
+     much, in his History of the Amours of the Gauls.  Her maiden name
+     was Catherine Henrietta d'Angennes, and she was daughter to Charles
+     d'Angennes, Lord of la Loupe, Baron of Amberville, by Mary du
+     Raynier.  There is a long character of her by St. Evremond, in his
+     works, vol. i., p. 17.  The same writer, mentioning the concern of
+     some ladies for the death of the Duke of Candale, says, "But his
+     true mistress (the Countess d'Olonne) made herself famous by the
+     excess of her affliction, and had, in my opinion, been happy, if she
+     had kept it on to the last.  One amour is creditable to a lady; and
+     I know not whether it be not more advantageous to their reputation
+     than never to have been in love."--St. Evremond's works, vol.  ii.,
+     p. 24.]
+
+"How many tricks, frauds, and persecutions, did you not practise for the
+Countess de Fiesque, who perhaps might have been constant to you, if you
+had not yourself forced her to be otherwise?  But, to conclude, for the
+enumeration of your iniquities would be endless, give me leave to ask
+you, how you came here?  Are not we obliged to that same evil genius of
+yours, which rashly inspired you to intermeddle even in the gallantries
+of your prince?  Show some discretion then on this point here, I beseech
+you; all the beauties of the court are already engaged; and however
+docile the English may be with respect to their wives, they can by no
+means bear the inconstancy of their mistresses, nor patiently suffer the
+advantages of a rival: suffer them therefore to remain in tranquillity,
+and do not gain their ill-will for no purpose.
+
+"You certainly will meet with no success with such as are unmarried:
+honourable views, and good landed property, are required here; and you
+possess as much of the one as the other.  Every country has its customs:
+in Holland, unmarried ladies are of easy access, and of tender
+dispositions; but as soon as ever they are married, they become like so
+many Lucretias: in France, the women are great coquettes before marriage,
+and still more so afterwards; but here it is a miracle if a young lady
+yields to any proposal but that of matrimony and I do not believe you yet
+so destitute of grace as to think of that."
+
+Such were Saint Evremond's lectures; but they were all to no purpose: the
+Chevalier de Grammont only attended to them for his amusement; and though
+he was sensible of the truth they contained, he paid little regard to
+them: in fact, being weary of the favours of fortune, he had just
+resolved to pursue those of love.
+
+Mrs. Middleton was the first whom he attacked: she was one of the
+Handsomest women in town, though then little known at court: so much of
+the coquette as to discourage no one; and so great was her desire of
+appearing magnificently, that she was ambitious to vie with those of the
+greatest fortunes, though unable to support the expense.  All this suited
+the Chevalier de Grammont; therefore, without trifling away his time in
+useless ceremonies, he applied to her porter for admittance, and chose
+one of her lovers for his confidant.
+
+This lover, who was not deficient in wit, was at that time a Mr. Jones,
+afterwards Earl of Ranelagh: what engaged him to serve the Chevalier de
+Grammont, was to traverse the designs of a most dangerous rival, and to
+relieve himself from an expense which began to lie too heavy upon him.
+In both respects the Chevalier answered his purpose.
+
+Immediately spies were placed, letters and presents flew about: he was
+received as well as he could wish: he was permitted to ogle: he was even
+ogled again; but this was all.  He found that the fair one was very
+willing to accept, but was tardy in making returns.  This induced him,
+without giving up his pretensions to her, to seek his fortune elsewhere.
+
+Among the queen's maids of honour, there was one called Warmestre: she
+was a beauty very different from the other.  Mrs. Middleton was well
+made, fair, and delicate; but had in her behaviour and discourse
+something precise and affected.  The indolent languishing airs she gave
+herself did not please everybody: people grew weary of those sentiments
+of delicacy, which she endeavoured to explain without understanding them
+herself; and instead of entertaining she became tiresome.  In these
+attempts she gave herself so much trouble, that she made the company
+uneasy, and her ambition to pass for a wit, only established her the
+reputation of being tiresome, which lasted much longer than her beauty.
+
+Miss Warmestre was brown: she had no shape at all, and still less air;
+but she had a very lively complexion, very sparkling eyes, tempting
+looks, which spared nothing that might ensnare a lover, and promised
+everything which could preserve him.  In the end, it very plainly
+appeared that her consent went along with her eyes to the last degree of
+indiscretion.
+
+It was between these two goddesses that the inclinations of the Chevalier
+de Grammont stood wavering, and between whom his presents were divided.
+Perfumed gloves, pocket looking-glasses, elegant boxes, apricot paste,
+essences, and other small wares of love, arrived every week from Paris,
+with some new suit for himself; but, with regard to more solid presents,
+such as ear-rings, diamonds, brilliants, and bright guineas, all this was
+to be met with of the best sort in London, and the ladies were as well
+pleased with them as if they had been brought from abroad.
+
+Miss Stewart's beauty began at this time to be celebrated.
+
+     [Frances, Duchess of Richmond, daughter of Walter Stewart, son of
+     Walter, Baron of Blantyre, and wife of Charles Stewart, Duke of
+     Richmond and Lennox: a lady of exquisite beauty, if justly
+     represented in a puncheon made by Roettiere, his majesty's engraver
+     of the mint, in order to strike a medal of her, which exhibits the
+     finest face that perhaps was ever seen.  The king was supposed to be
+     desperately in love with her; and it became common discourse, that
+     there was a design on foot to get him divorced from the queen, in
+     order to marry this lady.  Lord Clarendon was thought to have
+     promoted the match with the Duke of Richmond, thereby to prevent the
+     other design, which he imagined would hurt the king's character,
+     embroil his affairs at present, and entail all the evils of a
+     disputed succession on the nation.  Whether he actually encouraged
+     the Duke of Richmond's marriage, doth not appear; but it is certain
+     that he was so strongly possessed of the king's inclination to a
+     divorce, that, even after his disgrace, he was persuaded the Duke of
+     Buckingham had under taken to carry that matter through the
+     parliament.  It is certain too that the king considered him as the
+     chief promoter of Miss Stewart's marriage, and resented it in the
+     highest degree.  (See Pepys' Diaries. DW) The ceremony took place
+     privately, and it was publicly declared in April, 1667.  From one of
+     Sir Robert Southwell's dispatches, dated Lisbon, December ?/12,
+     1667, it appears that the report of the queen's intended divorce had
+     not then subsided in her native country.--History of the Revolutions
+     of Portugal, 1740, p. 352.  The duchess became a widow in 1672, and
+     died October 15, 1702.  See Burnet's History, Ludlow's Memoirs, and
+     Carte's Life of the Duke of Ormond.  A figure in wax of this duchess
+     is still to be seen in Westminster-abbey.]
+
+The Countess of Castlemaine perceived that the king paid attention to
+her; but, instead of being alarmed at it, she favoured, as far as she was
+able, this new inclination, whether from an indiscretion common to all
+those who think themselves superior to the rest of mankind, or whether
+she designed, by this pastime, to divert the king's attention from the
+commerce which she held with Jermyn.  She was not satisfied with
+appearing without any degree of uneasiness at a preference which all
+the court began to remark: she even affected to make Miss Stewart her
+favourite, and invited her to all the entertainments she made for the
+king; and, in confidence of her own charms, with the greatest
+indiscretion, she often kept her to sleep.  The king, who seldom
+neglected to visit the countess before she rose, seldom failed likewise
+to find Miss Stewart in bed with her.  The most indifferent objects have
+charms in a new attachment: however, the imprudent countess was not
+jealous of this rival's appearing with her, in such a situation, being
+confident, that whenever she thought fit, she could triumph over all the
+advantages which these opportunities could afford Miss Stewart; but she
+was quite mistaken.
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont took notice of this conduct, without being able
+to comprehend it; but, as he was attentive to the inclinations of the
+king, he began to make his court to him, by enhancing the merit of this
+new mistress.  Her figure was more showy than engaging: it was hardly
+possible for a woman to have less wit, or more beauty: all her features
+were fine and regular; but her shape was not good: yet she was slender,
+straight enough, and taller than the generality of women: she was very
+graceful, danced well, and spoke French better than her mother tongue:
+she was well bred, and possessed, in perfection, that air of dress which
+is so much admired, and which cannot be attained, unless it be taken when
+young, in France.  While her charms were gaining ground in the king's
+heart, the Countess of Castlemaine amused herself in the gratification of
+all her caprices.
+
+Mrs. Hyde was one of the first of the beauties who were prejudiced with
+a blind prepossession in favour of Jermyn she had just married a man whom
+she loved: by this marriage she became sister-in-law to the duchess,
+brilliant by her own native lustre, and full of pleasantry and wit.
+However, she was of opinion, that so long as she was not talked of on
+account of Jermyn, all her other advantages would avail nothing for her
+glory: it was, therefore, to receive this finishing stroke, that she
+resolved to throw herself into his arms.
+
+She was of a middle size, had a skin of a dazzling whiteness, fine hands,
+and a foot surprisingly beautiful, even in England: long custom had given
+such a languishing tenderness to her looks, that she never opened her
+eyes but like a Chinese; and, when she ogled, one would have thought she
+was doing something else.
+
+Jermyn accepted of her at first; but, being soon puzzled what to do with
+her, he thought it best to sacrifice her to Lady Castlemaine.  The
+sacrifice was far from being displeasing to her; it was much to her glory
+to have carried off Jermyn from so many competitors; but this was of no
+consequence in the end.
+
+Jacob Hall (the famous rope-dancer) was at that time in vogue in London;
+his strength and agility charmed in public, even to a wish to know what
+he was in private; for he appeared, in his tumbling dress, to be quite of
+a different make, and to have limbs very different from the fortunate
+Jermyn.
+
+     ["There was a symmetry and elegance, as well as strength and
+     agility, in the person of Jacob Hall, which was much admired by the
+     ladies, who regarded him as a due composition of Hercules and
+     Adonis.  The open-hearted Duchess of Cleveland was said to have been
+     in love with this rope-dancer and Goodman the player at the same
+     time.  The former received a salary from her grace."--Granger, vol.
+     ii., part 2, p. 461.  In reference to the connection between the
+     duchess and the ropedancer, Mr. Pope introduced the following lines
+     into his "Sober Advice from Horace:"
+
+               "What push'd poor E--s on th' imperial whore?
+               'Twas but to be where Charles had been before,
+               The fatal steel unjustly was apply'd,
+               When not his lust offended, but his pride
+               Too hard a penance for defeated sin,
+               Himself shut out, and Jacob Hall let in."]
+
+The tumbler did not deceive Lady Castlemaine's expectations, if report
+may be believed; and as was intimated in many a song, much more to the
+honour of the rope-dancer than of the countess; but she despised all
+these rumours, and only appeared still more handsome.
+
+While satire thus found employment at her cost, there were continual
+contests for the favours of another beauty, who was not much more
+niggardly in that way than herself; this was the Countess of Shrewsbury.
+
+The Earl of Arran, who had been one of her first admirers, was not one of
+the last to desert her; this beauty, less famous for her conquests than
+for the misfortunes she occasioned, placed her greatest merits in being
+more capricious than any other.  As no person could boast of being the
+only one in her favour; so no person could complain of having been ill
+received.
+
+Jermyn was displeased that she had made no advances to him, without
+considering that she had no leisure for it; his pride was offended; but
+the attempt which he made to take her from the rest of her lovers was
+very ill-advised.
+
+Thomas Howard, brother to the Earl of Carlisle, was one of them; there
+was not a braver, nor a more genteel man in England; and though he was
+of a modest demeanour, and his manners appeared gentle and pacific, no
+person was more spirited nor more passionate.  Lady Shrewsbury,
+inconsiderately returning the first ogles of the invincible Jermyn, did
+not at all make herself more agreeable to Howard; that, however, she paid
+little attention to; yet, as she designed to keep fair with him, she
+consented to accept an entertainment which he had often proposed, and
+which she durst no longer refuse.  A place of amusement, called Spring
+Garden,--was fixed upon for the scene of this entertainment.
+
+As soon as the party was settled, Jermyn was privately informed of it.
+Howard had a company in the regiment of guards, and one of the soldiers
+of his company played pretty well on the bagpipes; this soldier was
+therefore at the entertainment.  Jermyn was at the garden, as by chance;
+and, puffed up with his former successes, he trusted to his victorious
+air for accomplishing this last enterprise; he no sooner appeared on the
+walks, than her ladyship showed herself upon the balcony.
+
+I know not how she stood affected to her hero; but Howard did not fancy
+him much; this did not prevent his coming up stairs upon the first sign
+she made to him; and not content with acting the petty tyrant, at an
+entertainment not made for himself, no sooner had he gained the soft
+looks of the fair one, than he exhausted all his common-place, and all
+his stock of low irony, in railing at the entertainment, and ridiculing
+the music.
+
+     [Spring Garden: They stay there so long as if they wanted not time
+     to finish the race; for it is usual here to find some of the young
+     company till midnight; and the thickets of the garden seem to be
+     contrived to all advantages of gallantry, after they have refreshed
+     with the collation, which is here seldom omitted, at a certain
+     cabaret, in the middle of this paradise, where the forbidden fruits
+     are certain trifling tarts, newts' tongues, spacious meats, and bad
+     Rhenish, for which the gallants pay sauce, as indeed they do at all
+     such houses throughout England; for they think it a piece of
+     frugality beneath them to bargain or account for what they eat in
+     any place, however unreasonably imposed upon.''-Character of
+     England, 12mo., 1659, p.  56, written, it is said, by John Evelyn,
+     Esq.  Spring Garden is the scene of intrigue in many of our comedies
+     of this period.]
+
+Howard possessed but little raillery, and still less patience; three
+times was the banquet on the point of being stained with blood; but three
+times did he suppress his natural impetuosity, in order to satisfy his
+resentment elsewhere with greater freedom.
+
+Jermyn, without paying the least attention to his ill-humour, pursued his
+point, continued talking to Lady Shrewsbury, and did not leave her until
+the repast was ended.
+
+He went to bed, proud of this triumph, and was awakened next morning by a
+challenge.  He took for his second Giles Rawlings, a man of intrigue, and
+a deep player.  Howard took Dillon, who was dexterous and brave, much of
+a gentleman, and, unfortunately, an intimate friend to Rawlings.
+
+In this duel fortune did not side with the votaries of love poor Rawlings
+was left stone dead; and Jermyn, having received three wounds, was
+carried to his uncle's, with very little signs of life.
+
+While the report of this event engaged the courtiers according to their
+several interests, the Chevalier de Grammont was informed by Jones, his
+friend, his confidant, and his rival, that there was another gentleman
+very attentive to Mrs. Middleton: this was Montagu, no very dangerous
+rival on account of his person, but very much to be feared for his
+assiduity, the acuteness of his wit, and for some other talents which are
+of importance, when a man is once permitted to display them.
+
+There needed not half so much to bring into action all the Chevalier's
+vivacity, in point of competition: vexation awakened in him whatever
+expedients the desire of revenge, malice, and experience, could suggest,
+for troubling the designs of a rival, and tormenting a mistress.  His
+first intention was to return her letters, and demand his presents,
+before he began to tease her; but, rejecting this project, as too weak a
+revenge for the injustice done him, he was upon the point of conspiring
+the destruction of poor Mrs. Middleton, when, by accident, he met with
+Miss Hamilton.  From this moment ended all his resentment against Mrs.
+Middleton, and all his attachment to Miss Warmestre: no longer was he
+inconstant: no longer were his wishes fluctuating: this object fixed them
+all; and, of all his former habits, none remained, except uneasiness and
+jealousy.
+
+Here his first care was to please; but he very plainly saw, that to
+succeed he must act quite in a different manner to that which he had been
+accustomed to.
+
+The family of the Hamiltons, being very numerous, lived in a large and
+commodious house, near the court: the Duke of Ormond's family was
+continually with them; and here persons of the greatest distinction in
+London, constantly met: the Chevalier de Grammont was here received in a
+manner agreeable to his merit and quality, and was astonished that he had
+spent so much time in other places; for, after having made this
+acquaintance, he was desirous of no other.
+
+All the world agreed that Miss Hamilton was worthy of the most ardent and
+sincere affection: nobody could boast a nobler birth, nothing was more
+charming than her person.
+
+     [Elizabeth, sister of the author of these Memoirs, and daughter of
+     Sir George Hamilton, fourth son of James, the first Earl of
+     Abercorn, by Mary, third daughter of Thomas, Viscount Thurles,
+     eldest son of Walter, eleventh Earl of Ormond, and sister to James,
+     the first Duke of Ormond.  She married Philibert, Count of Grammont,
+     the hero of these Memoirs, by whom she had two daughters: Claude
+     Charlotte, married, 3rd April, 1694, to Henry, Earl of Stafford; and
+     another, who became superior, or abbess, of the Canonesses in
+     Lorraine.]
+
+
+
+
+                             CHAPTER SEVENTH.
+
+          HE FALLS IN LOVE WITH MISS HAMILTON--VARIOUS ADVENTURES
+          AT THE BALL IN THE QUEEN'S DRAWING-ROOM--CURIOUS VOYAGE
+          OF HIS VALET-DE-CHAMBRE TO AND FROM PARIS.
+
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont, never satisfied in his amours, was fortunate
+without being beloved, and became jealous without having an attachment.
+
+Mrs. Middleton, as we have said, was going to experience what methods he
+could invent to torment, after having experienced his powers of pleasing.
+
+He went in search of her to the queen's drawing-room, where there was a
+ball; there she was; but fortunately for her, Miss Hamilton was there
+likewise.  It had so happened, that of all the beautiful women at Court,
+this was the lady whom he had least seen, and whom he had heard most
+commended; this, therefore, was the first time that he had a close view
+of her, and he soon found that he had seen nothing at court before this
+instant; he asked her some questions, to which she replied; as long as
+she was dancing, his eyes were fixed upon her; and from this time he no
+longer resented Mrs. Middleton's conduct.  Miss Hamilton was at the happy
+age when the charms of the fair sex begin to bloom; she had the finest
+shape, the loveliest neck, and most beautiful arms in the world; she was
+majestic and graceful in all her movements; and she was the original
+after which all the ladies copied in their taste and air of dress.  Her
+forehead was open, white, and smooth; her hair was well set, and fell
+with ease into that natural order which it is so difficult to imitate.
+Her complexion was possessed of a certain freshness, not to be equalled
+by borrowed colours: her eyes were not large, but they were lively, and
+capable of expressing whatever she pleased: her mouth was full of graces,
+and her contour uncommonly perfect; nor was her nose, which was small,
+delicate, and turned up, the least ornament of so lovely a face.  In
+fine, her air, her carriage, and the numberless graces dispersed over her
+whole person, made the Chevalier de Grammont not doubt but that she was
+possessed of every other qualification.  Her mind was a proper companion
+for such a form: she did not endeavour to shine in conversation by those
+sprightly sallies which only puzzle; and with still greater care she
+avoided that affected solemnity in her discourse, which produces
+stupidity; but, without any eagerness to talk, she just said what she
+ought, and no more.  She had an admirable discernment in distinguishing
+between solid and false wit; and far from making an ostentatious display
+of her abilities, she was reserved, though very just in her decisions:
+her sentiments were always noble, and even lofty to the highest extent,
+when there was occasion; nevertheless, she was less prepossessed with her
+own merit than is usually the case with those who have so much.  Formed,
+as we have described, she could not fail of commanding love; but so far
+was she from courting it, that she was scrupulously nice with respect to
+those whose merit might entitle them to form any pretensions to her.
+
+The more the Chevalier de Grammont was convinced of these truths,
+the more did he endeavour to please and engage her in his turn: his
+entertaining wit, his conversation, lively, easy, and always
+distinguished by novelty, constantly gained him attention; but he was
+much embarrassed to find that presents, which so easily made their way in
+his former method of courtship, were no longer proper in the mode which,
+for the future, he was obliged to pursue.
+
+He had an old valet-de-chambre, called Termes, a bold thief, and a still
+more impudent liar: he used to send this man from London every week, on
+the commissions we have before mentioned; but after the disgrace of Mrs.
+Middleton, and the adventure of Miss Warmestre, Mr. Termes was only
+employed in bringing his master's clothes from Paris, and he did not
+always acquit himself with the greatest fidelity in that employment, as
+will appear hereafter.
+
+The queen was a woman of sense, and used all her endeavours to please the
+king, by that kind obliging behaviour which her affection made natural to
+her: she was particularly attentive in promoting every sort of pleasure
+and amusement especially such as she could be present at herself.
+
+She had contrived, for this purpose, a splendid masquerade, where those,
+whom she appointed to dance, had to represent different nations; she
+allowed some time for preparation, during which we may suppose, the
+tailors, the mantua makers, and embroiderers, were not idle: nor were the
+beauties, who were to be there, less anxiously employed; however, Miss
+Hamilton found time enough to invent two or three little tricks, in a
+conjuncture so favourable, for turning into ridicule the vain fools of
+the court.  There were two who were very eminently such: the one was Lady
+Muskerry, who had married her cousin-german; and the other a maid of
+honour to the Duchess, called Blague.
+
+The first, whose husband most assuredly never married her for beauty,
+was made like the generality of rich heiresses, to whom just nature seems
+sparing of her gifts, in proportion as they are loaded with those of
+fortune: she had the shape of a woman big with child, without being so;
+but had a very good reason for limping; for, of two legs uncommonly
+short, one was much shorter than the other.  A face suitable to this
+description gave the finishing stroke to this disagreeable figure.
+
+Miss Blague was another species of ridicule: her shape was neither good
+nor bad: her countenance bore the appearance of the greatest insipidity,
+and her complexion was the same all over; with two little hollow eyes,
+adorned with white eye-lashes, as long as one's finger.  With these
+attractions she placed herself in ambuscade to surprise unwary hearts;
+but she might have done so in vain, had it not been for the arrival of
+the Marquis de Brisacier.  Heaven seemed to have made them for each
+other: he had in his person and manners every requisite to dazzle a
+creature of her character he talked eternally, without saying anything,
+and in his dress exceeded the most extravagant fashions.  Miss Blague
+believed that all this finery was on her account; and the Marquis
+believed that her long eyelashes had never taken aim at any but himself:
+everybody perceived their inclination for each other; but they had only
+conversed by mute interpreters, when Miss Hamilton took it into her head
+to intermeddle in their affairs.
+
+She was willing to do everything in order, and therefore began with her
+cousin Muskerry, on account of her rank.  Her two darling foibles were
+dress and dancing.  Magnificence of dress was intolerable with her
+figure; and though her dancing was still more insupportable, she never
+missed a ball at court: and the queen had so much complaisance for the
+public, as always to make her dance; but it was impossible to give her a
+part in an entertainment so important and splendid as this masquerade:
+however, she was dying with impatience for the orders she expected.
+
+It was in consequence of this impatience, of which Miss Hamilton was
+informed, that she founded the design of diverting herself at the expense
+of this silly woman.  The queen sent notes to those whom she appointed to
+be present, and described the manner in which they were to be dressed.
+Miss Hamilton wrote a note exactly in the same manner to Lady Muskerry,
+with directions for her to be dressed in the Babylonian fashion.
+
+She assembled her counsel to advise about the means of sending it: this
+cabinet was composed of one of her brothers and a sister, who were glad
+to divert themselves at the expense of those who deserved it.  After
+having consulted some time, they at last resolved upon a mode of
+conveying it into her own hands.  Lord Muskerry was just going out, when
+she received it: he was a man of honour, rather serious, very severe, and
+a mortal enemy to ridicule.  His wife's deformity was not so intolerable
+to him, as the ridiculous figure she made upon all occasions.  He thought
+that he was safe in the present case, not believing that the queen would
+spoil her masquerade by naming Lady Muskerry as one of the dancers
+nevertheless, as he was acquainted with the passion his wife had to
+expose herself in public, by her dress and dancing, he had just been
+advising her very seriously to content herself with being a spectator
+of this entertainment, even though the queen should have the cruelty
+to engage her in it: he then took the liberty to show her what little
+similarity there was between her figure, and that of persons to whom
+dancing and magnificence in dress were allowable.  His sermon concluded
+at last, by an express prohibition to solicit a place at this
+entertainment, which they had no thoughts of giving her; but far from
+taking his advice in good part, she imagined that he was the only person
+who had prevented the queen from doing her an honour she so ardently
+desired; and as soon as he was gone out, her design was to go and throw
+herself at her Majesty's feet to demand justice.  She was in this very
+disposition when she received the billet: three times did she kiss it;
+and without regarding her husband's injunctions, she immediately got into
+her coach in order to get information of the merchants who traded to the
+Levant, in what manner the ladies of quality dressed in Babylon.
+
+The plot laid for Miss Blague was of a different kind: she had such faith
+in her charms, and was so confident of their effects, that she could
+believe anything.  Brisacier, whom she looked upon as desperately
+smitten, had wit, which he set off with common-place talk, and with
+little sonnets: he sung out of tune most methodically, and was
+continually exerting one or other of these happy talents: the Duke of
+Buckingham did all he could to spoil him, by the praises he bestowed both
+upon his voice and upon his wit.
+
+Miss Blague, who hardly understood a word of French, regulated herself
+upon the Duke's authority, in admiring the one and the other.  It was
+remarked, that all the words which he sung to her were in praise of fair
+women, and that always taking this to herself, she cast down her eyes in
+acknowledgment and consciousness.  It was upon these observations they
+resolved to make a jest of her, the first opportunity.
+
+While these little projects were forming, the king, who always wished to
+oblige the Chevalier de Grammont, asked him, if he would make one at the
+masquerade, on condition of being Miss Hamilton's partner?  He did not
+pretend to dance sufficiently well for an occasion like the present; yet
+he was far from refusing the offer: "Sire," said he, "of all the favours
+you have been pleased to show me, since my arrival, I feel this more
+sensibly than any other; and to convince you of my gratitude, I promise
+you all the good offices in my power with Miss Stewart."  He said this,
+because they had just given her an apartment separate from the rest of
+the maids of honour, which made the courtiers begin to pay respect to
+her.  The king was very well pleased at this pleasantry, and having
+thanked him for so necessary an offer: "Monsieur le Chevalier," said he,
+"in what style do you intend to dress yourself for the ball?  I leave you
+the choice of all countries."  "If so," said the Chevalier, "I will dress
+after the French manner, in order to disguise myself; for they already do
+me the honour to take me for an Englishman in your city of London.  Had
+it not been for this, I should have wished to have appeared as a Roman;
+but for fear of embroiling myself with Prince Rupert, who so warmly
+espouses the interests of Alexander against Lord Thanet, who declares
+himself for Caesar, I dare no longer think of assuming the hero:
+nevertheless, though I may dance awkwardly, yet, by observing the tune,
+and with a little alertness, I hope to come off pretty well; besides,
+Miss Hamilton will take care that too much attention shall not be paid to
+me.  As for my dress, I shall send Termes off tomorrow morning; and if I
+do not show you at his return the most splendid habit you have ever seen,
+look upon mine as the most disgraced nation in your masquerade."
+
+Termes set out with ample instructions, on the subject of his journey:
+and his master, redoubling his impatience on an occasion like the
+present, before the courier could be landed, began to count the minutes
+in expectation of his return: thus was he employed until the very eve of
+the ball; and that was the day that Miss Hamilton and her little society
+had fixed for the execution of their project.
+
+Martial gloves were then very much in fashion: she had by chance several
+pairs of them: she sent one to Miss Blague, accompanied with four yards
+of yellow riband, the palest she could find, to which she added this
+note:
+
+"You were the other day more charming than all the fair women in the
+world: you looked yesterday still more fair than you did the day before:
+if you go on, what will become of my heart?  But it is a long time since
+that has been a prey to your pretty little young wild boar's eyes.  Shall
+you be at the masquerade to-morrow?  But can there be any charms at an
+entertainment, at which you are not present?  It does not signify: I
+shall know you in whatever disguise you may be: but I shall be better
+informed of my fate, by the present I send you: you will wear knots of
+this riband in your hair; and these gloves will kiss the most beautiful
+hands in the universe."
+
+This billet, with the present, was delivered to Miss Blague with the same
+success as the other had been conveyed to Lady Muskerry.  Miss Hamilton
+had just received an account of it, when the latter came to pay her a
+visit: something seemed to possess her thoughts very much; when, having
+stayed some time, her cousin desired her to walk into her cabinet.  As
+soon as they were there: "I desire your secrecy for what I am going to
+tell you," said Lady Muskerry.  "Do not you wonder what strange creatures
+men are?  Do not trust to them, my dear cousin: my Lord Muskerry, who,
+before our marriage, could have passed whole days and nights in seeing me
+dance, thinks proper now to forbid me dancing, and says it does not
+become me.  This is not all: he has so often rung in my ears the subject
+of this masquerade, that I am obliged to hide from him the honour the
+queen has done me, in inviting me to it.  However, I am surprised I am
+not informed who is to be my partner: but if you knew what a plague it
+is, to find out, in this cursed town, in what manner the people of
+Babylon dress, you would pity me for what I have suffered since the time
+I have been appointed: besides, the cost which it puts me to is beyond
+all imagination."
+
+Here it was that Miss Hamilton's inclination to laugh, which had
+increased in proportion as she endeavoured to suppress it, at length
+overcame her, and broke out in an immoderate fit: Lady Muskerry took it
+in good humour, not doubting but it was the fantastical conduct of her
+husband that she was laughing at.  Miss Hamilton told her that all
+husbands were much the same, and that one ought not to be concerned at
+their whims; that she did not know who was to be her partner at the
+masquerade; but that, as she was named, the gentleman named with her
+would certainly not fail to attend her; although she could not comprehend
+why he had not yet declared himself, unless he likewise had some
+fantastical spouse, who had forbid him to dance.
+
+This conversation being finished, Lady Muskerry went away in great haste,
+to endeavour to learn some news of her partner.  Those who were
+accomplices in the plot were laughing very heartily at this visit, when
+Lord Muskerry paid them one in his turn, and taking Miss Hamilton aside:
+"Do you know," said he, "whether there is to be any ball in the city
+tomorrow?"  "No," said she; "but why do you ask?"  "Because."  said he,
+"I am informed that my wife is making great preparations of dress.  I
+know very well she is not to be at the masquerade: that I have taken care
+of; but as the devil is in her for dancing, I am very much afraid that
+she will be affording some fresh subject for ridicule, notwithstanding
+all my precautions: however, if it was amongst the citizens, at some
+private party, I should not much mind it."
+
+They satisfied him as well as they could, and having dismissed him, under
+pretence of a thousand things they had to prepare for the next day, Miss
+Hamilton thought herself at liberty for that morning, when in came Miss
+Price, one of the maids of honour to the Duchess.  This was just what she
+was wishing for: This lady and Miss Blague had been at variance some
+time, on account of Duncan,  whom Miss Price had drawn away from the
+other; and hatred still subsisted between these two divinities.
+
+Though the maids of honour were not nominated for the masquerade, yet
+they were to assist at it; and, consequently, were to neglect nothing to
+set themselves off to advantage.  Miss Hamilton had still another pair of
+gloves of the same sort as those she had sent to Miss Blague, which she
+made a present of to her rival, with a few knots of the same riband,
+which appeared to have been made on purpose for her, brown as she was.
+Miss Price returned her a thousand thanks, and promised to do herself the
+honour of wearing them at the ball.  "You will oblige me if you do," said
+Miss Hamilton, "but if you mention that such a trifle as this comes from
+me, I shall never forgive you; but," continued she, "do not go and rob
+poor Miss Blague of the Marquis Brisacier, as you already have of Duncan:
+I know very well that it is wholly in your power: you have wit: you speak
+French: and were he once to converse with you ever so little the other
+could have no pretensions to him."  This was enough: Miss Blague was only
+ridiculous and coquettish: Miss Price was ridiculous, coquettish, and
+something else besides.
+
+The day being come, the court, more splendid than ever, exhibited all its
+magnificence at this masquerade.  The company were all met except the
+Chevalier de Grammont: every body was astonished that he should be one
+of the last at such a time, as his readiness was so remarkable on every
+occasion; but they were still more surprised to see him at length appear
+in an ordinary court-dress, which he had worn before.  The thing was
+preposterous on such an occasion, and very extraordinary with respect to
+him: in vain had he the finest point-lace, with the largest and best
+powdered peruke imaginable his dress, magnificent enough for any other
+purpose, was not at all proper for this entertainment.
+
+The king immediately took notice of it: "Chevalier," said he, "Termes is
+not arrived then?"  "Pardon me, sire," said he, "God be thanked!"  "Why
+God be thanked?"  said the king; "has anything happened to him on the
+road?"  "Sire," said the Chevalier de Grammont, "this is the history of
+my dress, and of Termes, my messenger."  At these words the ball, ready
+to begin, was suspended: the dancers making a circle around the Chevalier
+de Grammont, he continued his story in the following manner:
+
+"It is now two days since this fellow ought to have been here, according
+to my orders and his protestations: you may judge of my impatience all
+this day, when I found he did not come: at last, after I had heartily
+cursed him, about an hour ago he arrived, splashed all over from head to
+foot, booted up to the waist, and looking as if he had been
+excommunicated 'Very well, Mr. Scoundrel,' said I, 'this is just like
+you, you must be waited for to the very last minute, and it is a miracle
+that you are arrived at all.'  'Yes, faith,' said he, 'it is a miracle.
+You are always grumbling: I had the finest suit in the world made for
+you, which the Duke de Guise himself was at the trouble of ordering.'
+'Give it me then, scoundrel,' said I.  'Sir,' said he, 'if I did not
+employ a dozen embroiderers upon it, who did nothing but work day and
+night, I am a rascal: I never left them one moment: 'And where is it
+traitor?' said I: 'do not stand here prating, while I should be
+dressing.'  'I had,' continued he, 'packed it up, made it tight, and
+folded it in such a manner, that all the rain in the world could never
+have been able to reach it; and I rid post, day and night, knowing your
+impatience, and that you were not to be trifled with.'  'But where is
+it?' said I.  'Lost, sir,' said he, clasping his hands.  'How! lost,'
+said I, in surprise.  'Yes, lost, perished, swallowed up: what can I say
+more?'  'What!  was the packet-boat cast away then?' said I.  'Oh!
+indeed, sir, a great deal worse, as you shall see,' answered he: 'I was
+within half a league of Calais yesterday morning, and I was resolved to
+go by the sea-side, to make greater haste; but, indeed, they say very
+true, that nothing is like the highway; for I got into a quicksand, where
+I sunk up to the chin.'  'A quicksand,' said I, 'near Calais?'  'Yes,
+sir,' said he, 'and such a quicksand that, the devil take me, if they saw
+anything but the top of my head when they pulled me out: as for my horse,
+fifteen men could scarce get him out; but the portmanteau, where I had
+unfortunately put your clothes, could never be found: it must be at least
+a league under ground.'
+
+"This, sire," continued the Chevalier de Grammont, "is the adventure, and
+the relation which this honest gentleman has given me of it.  I should
+certainly have killed him, but I was afraid of making Miss Hamilton wait,
+and I was desirous of giving your Majesty immediate advice of the
+quicksand, that your couriers may take care to avoid it."
+
+The King was ready to split his sides with laughing, when the Chevalier
+de Grammont, resuming the discourse, "apropos, sire," said he, "I had
+forgot to tell you, that, to increase my ill-humour, I was stopped, as I
+was getting out of my chair, by the devil of a phantom in masquerade, who
+would by all means persuade me that the queen had commanded me to dance
+with her; and as I excused myself with the least rudeness possible, she
+charged me to find out who was to be her partner, and desired me to send
+him to her immediately so that your Majesty will do well to give orders
+about it; for she has placed herself in ambush in a coach, to seize upon
+all those who pass through Whitehall.  However, I must tell you, that it
+is worth while to see her dress; for she must have at least sixty ells of
+gauze and silver tissue about her, not to mention a sort of a pyramid
+upon her head, adorned with a hundred thousand baubles."
+
+This last account surprised all the assembly, except those who had a
+share in the plot.  The queen assured them, that all she had appointed
+for the ball were present; and the king, having paused some minutes:
+"I bet," said he, "that it is the Duchess of Newcastle."  "And I," said
+Lord Muskerry, coming up to Miss Hamilton, "will bet it is another fool;
+for I am very much mistaken if it is not my wife."
+
+The king was for sending to know who it was, and to bring her in: Lord
+Muskerry offered himself for that service, for the reason already
+mentioned; and it was very well he did so.  Miss Hamilton was not sorry
+for this, knowing very well that he was not mistaken in his conjecture;
+the jest would have gone much farther than she intended, if the Princess
+of Babylon had appeared in all her glory.
+
+The ball was not very well executed, if one maybe allowed the expression,
+so long as they danced only slow dances; and yet there were as good
+dancers, and as beautiful women in this assembly, as were to be found in
+the whole world: but as their number was not great, they left the French,
+and went to country dances.  When they had danced some time, the king
+thought fit to introduce his auxiliaries, to give the others a little
+respite; the queen's and the duchess's maids of honour were therefore
+called in to dance with the gentlemen.
+
+Then it was that they were at leisure to take notice of Miss Blague, and
+they found that the billet they had conveyed to her on the part of
+Brisacier had its effect: she was more yellow than saffron: her hair was
+stuffed with the citron-coloured riband, which she had put there out of
+complaisance; and, to inform Brisacier of his fate, she raised often to
+her head her victorious hands, adorned with the gloves we have before
+mentioned: but, if they were surprised to see her in a head-dress that
+made her look more wan than ever, she was very differently surprised to
+see Miss Price partake with her in every particular of Brisacier's
+present: her surprise soon turned to jealousy; for her rival had not
+failed to join in conversation with him, on account of what had been
+insinuated to her the evening before; nor did Brisacier fail to return
+her first advances, without paying the least attention to the fair
+Blague, nor to the signs which she was tormenting herself to make him,
+to inform him of his happy destiny.
+
+Miss Price was short and thick, and consequently no dancer, the Duke of
+Buckingham, who brought Brisacier forward as often as he could, came to
+desire him, on the part of the king, to dance with Miss Blague, without
+knowing what was then passing in this nymph's heart: Brisacier excused
+himself, on account of the contempt that he had for country dances: Miss
+Blague thought that it was herself that he despised; and, seeing that he
+was engaged in conversation with her mortal enemy, she began to dance,
+without knowing what she was doing.  Though her indignation and jealousy
+were sufficiently remarkable to divert the court, none but Miss Hamilton
+and her accomplices, understood the joke perfectly: their pleasure was
+quite complete; for Lord Muskerry returned, still more confounded at the
+vision, of which the Chevalier de Grammont had given the description.  He
+acquainted Miss Hamilton, that it was Lady Muskerry herself, a thousand
+times more ridiculous than she had ever been before, and that he had had
+an immense trouble to get her home, and place a sentry at her chamber
+door.
+
+The reader may think, perhaps, that we have dwelt too long on these
+trifling incidents; perhaps he may be right.  We will therefore pass to
+others.
+
+Everything favoured the Chevalier de Grammont in the new passion which he
+entertained: he was not, however, without rivals; but, what is a great
+deal more extraordinary, he was without uneasiness: he was acquainted
+with their understandings, and no stranger to Miss Hamilton's way of
+thinking.
+
+Among her lovers, the most considerable, though the least professedly so,
+was the Duke of York: it was in vain for him to conceal it, the court was
+too well acquainted with his character to doubt of his inclinations for
+her.  He did not think it proper to declare such sentiments as were not
+fit for Miss Hamilton to hear; but he talked to her as much as he could,
+and ogled her with great assiduity.  As hunting was his favourite
+diversion, that sport employed him one part of the day, and he came home
+generally much fatigued; but Miss Hamilton's presence revived him, when
+he found her either with the queen or the duchess.  There it was that,
+not daring to tell her of what lay heavy on his heart, he entertained her
+with what he had in his head: telling her miracles of the cunning of
+foxes and the mettle of horses; giving her accounts of broken legs and
+arms, dislocated shoulders, and other curious and entertaining
+adventures; after which, his eyes told her the rest, till such time as
+sleep interrupted their conversation; for these tender interpreters could
+not help sometimes composing themselves in the midst of their ogling.
+
+The duchess was not at all alarmed at a passion which her rival was far
+from thinking sincere, and with which she used to divert herself, as far
+as respect would admit her; on the contrary, as her highness had an
+affection and esteem for Miss Hamilton, she never treated her more
+graciously than on the present occasion.
+
+The two Russells, uncle and nephew,--were two other of the Chevalier de
+Grammont's rivals: the uncle was full seventy, and had distinguished
+himself by his courage and fidelity in the civil wars.  His passions and
+intentions, with regard to Miss Hamilton, appeared both at once; but his
+magnificence only appeared by halves in those gallantries which love
+inspires.  It was not long since the fashion of high crowned hats had
+been left off, in order to fall into the other extreme.  Old Russell,
+amazed at so terrible a change, resolved to keep a medium, which made him
+remarkable: he was still more so, by his constancy for cut doublets,
+which he supported a long time after they had been universally
+suppressed; but, what was more surprising than all, was a certain mixture
+of avarice and liberality, constantly at war with each other, ever since
+he had entered the list with love.
+
+His nephew was only of a younger brother's family, but was considered as
+his uncle's heir; and though he was under the necessity of attending to
+his uncle for an establishment, and still more so of humouring him, in
+order to get his estate, he could not avoid his fate.  Mrs. Middleton
+showed him a sufficient degree of preference; but her favours could not
+secure him from the charms of Miss Hamilton: his person would have had
+nothing disagreeable in it, if he had but left it to nature; but he was
+formal in all his actions, and silent even to stupidity; and yet rather
+more tiresome when he did speak.
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont, very much at his ease in all these
+competitions, engaged himself more and more in his passion, without
+forming other designs, or conceiving other hopes, than to render himself
+agreeable.  Though his passion was openly declared, no person at court
+regarded it otherwise than as a habit of gallantry, which goes no farther
+than to do justice to merit.
+
+His monitor, Saint Evremond, was quite of a different opinion; and
+finding, that, besides an immense increase of magnificence and assiduity,
+he regretted those hours which he bestowed on play; that he no longer
+sought after those long and agreeable conversations they used to have
+together; and that this new attachment everywhere robbed him of himself:
+
+"Monsieur le Chevalier," said he, "methinks that for some time you have
+left the town beauties and their lovers in perfect repose: Mrs. Middleton
+makes fresh conquests with impunity, and wears your presents, under your
+nose, without your taking the smallest notice.  Poor Miss Warmestre has
+been very quietly brought to bed in the midst of the court, without your
+having even said a word about it.  I foresaw it plain enough, Monsieur le
+Chevalier, you have got acquainted with Miss Hamilton, and, what has
+never before happened to you, you are really in love; but let us consider
+a little what may be the consequence.  In the first place, then, I
+believe, you have not the least intention of seducing her: such is her
+birth and merit, that if you were in possession of the estate and title
+of your family, it might be excusable in you to offer yourself upon
+honourable terms, however ridiculous marriage may be in general; for, if
+you only wish for wit, prudence, and the treasures of beauty, you could
+not pay your addresses to a more proper person: but for you, who possess
+only a very moderate share of those of fortune, you cannot pay your
+addresses more improperly.
+
+"For your brother Toulongeon, whose disposition I am acquainted with, will
+not have the complaisance to die, to favour your pretensions: but suppose
+you had a competent fortune for you both--and that is supposing a good
+deal--are you acquainted with the delicacy, not to say capriciousness, of
+this fair one about such an engagement?  Do you know that she has had the
+choice of the best matches in England?  The Duke of Richmond paid his
+addresses to her first; but though he was in love with her, still he was
+mercenary: however, the king, observing that want of fortune was the only
+impediment to the match, took that article upon himself, out of regard to
+the Duke of Ormond, to the merit and birth of Miss Hamilton, and to her
+father's services; but, resenting that a man, who pretended to be in
+love, should bargain like a merchant, and likewise reflecting upon his
+character in the world, she did not think that being Duchess of Richmond
+was a sufficient recompense for the danger that was to be feared from a
+brute and a debauchee.
+
+"Has not little Jermyn, notwithstanding his uncle's great estate, and his
+own brilliant reputation, failed in his suit to her?  And has she ever so
+much as vouchsafed to look at Henry Howard, who is upon the point of
+being the first duke in England, and who is already in actual possession
+of all the estates of the house of Norfolk?  I confess that he is a
+clown, but what other lady in all England would not have dispensed with
+his stupidity and his disagreeable person, to be the first duchess in the
+kingdom, with twenty-five thousand a year?
+
+"To conclude, Lord Falmouth has told me himself, that he has always
+looked upon her as the only acquisition wanting to complete his
+happiness: but, that even at the height of the splendour of his fortune,
+he never had had the assurance to open his sentiments to her; that he
+either felt in himself too much weakness, or too much pride, to be
+satisfied with obtaining her solely by the persuasion of her relations;
+and that, though the first refusals of the fair on such occasions are not
+much minded, he knew with what an air she had received the addresses of
+those whose persons she did not like.  After this, Monsieur le Chevalier,
+consider what method you intend to pursue: for, if you are in love, the
+passion will still increase, and the greater the attachment, the less
+capable will you be of making those serious reflections that are now in
+your power."
+
+"My poor philosopher," answered the Chevalier de Grammont, "you
+understand Latin very well, you can make good verses, you understand the
+course, and are acquainted with the nature of the stars in the firmament;
+but, as for the luminaries of the terrestrial globe, you are utterly
+unacquainted with them: you have told me nothing about Miss Hamilton, but
+what the king told me three days ago.  That she has refused the savages
+you have mentioned is all in her favour if she had admitted their
+addresses, I would have had nothing to say to her, though I love her
+to distraction.  Attend now to what I am going to say: I am resolved
+to marry her, and I will have my tutor Saint Evremond himself to be the
+first man to commend me for it.  As for an establishment, I shall make my
+peace with the king, and will solicit him to make her one of the ladies
+of the bed-chamber to the queen: this he will grant me.  Toulongeon will
+die, without my assistance.
+
+     [Count de Toulongeon was elder brother to Count Grammont, who, by
+     his death, in 1679, became, according to St. Evremond, on that
+     event, one of the richest noblemen at court.--See St. Evremond's
+     Works.  vol. ii., p. 327.]
+
+"Notwithstanding all his care; Miss Hamilton will have Semeat,--[A country
+seat belonging to the family of the Grammonts.]--with the Chevalier de
+Grammont, as an indemnification for the Norfolks and Richmonds.  Now,
+have you any thing to advance against this project?  For I will bet you
+an hundred louis, that everything will happen as I have foretold it."
+
+At this time the king's attachment to Miss Stewart was so public, that
+every person perceived, that if she was but possessed of art, she might
+become as absolute a mistress over his conduct as she was over his heart.
+This was a fine opportunity for those who had experience and ambition.
+The Duke of Buckingham formed the design of governing her, in order to
+ingratiate himself with the king: God knows what a governor he would have
+been, and what a head he was possessed of, to guide another; however,
+he was the properest man in the world to insinuate himself with Miss
+Stewart: she was childish in her behaviour, and laughed at everything,
+and her taste for frivolous amusements, though unaffected, was only
+allowable in a girl about twelve or thirteen years old.  A child,
+however, she was, in every other respect, except playing with a doll:
+blind man's buff was her most favourite amusement: she was building
+castles of cards, while the deepest play was going on in her apartments,
+where you saw her surrounded by eager courtiers, who handed her the
+cards, or young architects, who endeavoured to imitate her.
+
+She had, however, a passion for music, and had some taste for singing.
+The Duke of Buckingham, who built the finest towers of cards imaginable,
+had an agreeable voice: she had no aversion to scandal: and the duke was
+both the father and the mother of scandal, he made songs, and invented
+old women's stories, with which she was delighted; but his particular
+talent consisted in turning into ridicule whatever was ridiculous in
+other people, and in taking them off, even in their presence, without
+their perceiving it: in short, he knew how to act all parts with so much
+grace and pleasantry, that it was difficult to do without him, when he
+had a mind to make himself agreeable; and he made himself so necessary to
+Miss Stewart's amusement, that she sent all over the town to seek for
+him, when he did not attend the king to her apartments.
+
+He was extremely handsome, and still thought himself much more so than he
+really was: although he had a great deal of discernment, yet his vanity
+made him mistake some civilities as intended for his person, which were
+only bestowed on his wit and drollery: in short, being seduced by too
+good an opinion of his own merit, he forgot his first project and his
+Portuguese mistress, in order to pursue a fancy in which he mistook
+himself; for he no sooner began to act a serious part with Miss Stewart,
+than he met with so severe a repulse that he abandoned, at once, all his
+designs upon her: however, the familiarity she had procured him with the
+king, opened the way to those favours to which he was afterwards
+advanced.
+
+     [George Villiers, the second Duke of Buckingham, was born 30th
+     January, 1627.  Lord Orford observes," When this extraordinary man,
+     with the figure and genius of Alcibiades, could equally charm the
+     presbyterian Fairfax and the dissolute Charles; when he alike
+     ridiculed that witty king and his solemn chancellor: when he plotted
+     the ruin of his country with a cabal of bad ministers, or, equally
+     unprincipled, supported its cause with bad patriots,--one laments
+     that such parts should have been devoid of every virtue: but when
+     Alcibiades turns chemist; when he is a real bubble and a visionary
+     miser; when ambition is but a frolic; when the worst designs are for
+     the foolishest ends,--contempt extinguishes all reflection on his
+     character."]
+
+Lord Arlington took up the project which the Duke of Buckingham had
+abandoned, and endeavoured to gain possession of the mind of the
+mistress, in order to govern the master.  A man of greater merit and
+higher birth than himself might, however, have been satisfied with the
+fortune he had already acquired.  His first negotiations were during the
+treaty of the Pyrenees: and though he was unsuccessful in his proceedings
+for his employer, yet he did not altogether lose his time; for he
+perfectly acquired, in his exterior, the serious air and profound gravity
+of the Spaniards, and imitated pretty well their tardiness in business:
+he had a scar across his nose, which was covered by a long patch, or
+rather by a small plaister, in form of a lozenge.
+
+Scars in the face commonly give a man a certain fierce and martial air,
+which sets him off to advantage; but it was quite the contrary with him,
+and this remarkable plaister so well suited his mysterious looks, that it
+seemed an addition to his gravity and self-sufficiency.
+
+Arlington, under the mask of this compound countenance where great
+earnestness passed for business, and impenetrable stupidity for secrecy,
+had given himself the character of a great politician; and no one having
+leisure to examine him, he was taken at his word, and had been made
+minister and secretary of state, upon the credit of his own importance.
+
+His ambition soaring still above these high stations, after having
+provided himself with a great number of fine maxims, and some historical
+anecdotes, he obtained an audience of Miss Stewart, in order to display
+them; at the same time offering her his most humble services, and best
+advice, to assist her in conducting herself in the situation to which it
+had pleased God and her virtue to raise her.  But he was only in the
+preface of his speech, when she recollected that he was at the head of
+those whom the Duke of Buckingham used to mimic; and as his presence and
+his language exactly revived the ridiculous ideas that had been given her
+of him, she could not forbear bursting out into a fit of laughter in his
+face, so much the more violent as she had for a long time struggled to
+suppress it.
+
+The minister was enraged: his pride became his post, and his punctilious
+behaviour merited all the ridicule which could be attached to it: he
+quitted her abruptly, with all the fine advice he had prepared for her,
+and was almost tempted to carry it to Lady Castlemaine, and to unite
+himself with her interests; or immediately to quit the court party, and
+declaim freely in parliament against the grievances of the state, and
+particularly to propose an act to forbid the keeping of mistresses; but
+his prudence conquered his resentments; and thinking only how to enjoy
+with pleasure the blessings of fortune, he sent to Holland for a wife,
+in order to complete his felicity.
+
+Hamilton was, of all the courtiers, the best qualified to succeed in
+an enterprise, in which the Duke of Buckingham and Lord Arlington had
+miscarried: he was thinking upon it; but his natural coquetry traversed
+his intentions, and made him neglect the most advantageous prospects in
+the world, in order unnecessarily to attend to the advances and
+allurements thrown out to him by the Countess of Chesterfield.  This was
+one of the most agreeable women in the world: she had a most exquisite
+shape, though she was not very tall; her complexion was extremely fair,
+with all the expressive charms of a brunette; she had large blue eyes,
+very tempting and alluring; her manners were engaging; her wit lively and
+amusing; but her heart, ever open to tender sentiments, was neither
+scrupulous in point of constancy, nor nice in point of sincerity.  She
+was daughter to the Duke of Ormond, and Hamilton, being her cousin-
+german, they might be as much as they pleased in each other's company
+without being particular; but as soon as her eyes gave him some
+encouragement, he entertained no other thoughts than how to please her,
+
+     [This lady was Isabella, daughter to Lewis de Nassau, Lord Beverwaert,
+     son to Maurice, Prince of Orange, and Count Nassau.  By her, Lord
+     Arlington had an only daughter, named Isabella.]
+
+without considering her fickleness, or the obstacles he had to encounter.
+His intention, which we mentioned before, of establishing himself in the
+confidence of Miss Stewart, no longer occupied his thoughts: she now was
+of opinion that she was capable of being the mistress of her own conduct:
+she had done all that was necessary to inflame the king's passions, without
+exposing her virtue by granting the last favours; but the eagerness of a
+passionate lover, blessed with favourable opportunities, is difficult to
+withstand, and still more difficult to vanquish; and Miss Stewart's
+virtue was almost exhausted, when the queen was attacked with a violent
+fever, which soon reduced her to extreme danger.
+
+Then it was that Miss Stewart was greatly pleased with herself for the
+resistance she had made, though she had paid dearly for it: a thousand
+flattering hopes of greatness and glory filled her heart, and the
+additional respect that was universally paid her, contributed not a
+little to increase them.  The queen was given over by her physicians:
+the few Portuguese women that had not been sent back to their own country
+filled the court with doleful cries; and the good nature of the king was
+much affected with the situation in which he saw a princess, whom, though
+he did not love her, yet he greatly esteemed.  She loved him tenderly,
+and thinking that it was the last time she should ever speak to him, she
+told him, that the concern he showed for her death, was enough to make
+her quit life with regret; but that not possessing charms sufficient to
+merit his tenderness, she had at least the consolation in dying to give
+place to a consort who might be more worthy of it, and to whom heaven,
+perhaps, might grant a blessing that had been refused to her.  At these
+words, she bathed his hands with some tears, which he thought would be
+her last: he mingled his own with hers; and without supposing she would
+take him at his word, he conjured her to live for his sake.  She had
+never yet disobeyed him; and, however dangerous sudden impulses may be,
+when one is between life and death, this transport of joy, which might
+have proved fatal to her, saved her life, and the king's wonderful
+tenderness had an effect, for which every person did not thank heaven in
+the same manner.
+
+Jermyn had now for some time been recovered of his wounds: however, Lady
+Castlemaine, finding his health in as deplorable a condition as ever,
+resolved to regain the king's heart, but in vain: for notwithstanding the
+softness of her tears, and the violence of her passions, Miss Stewart
+wholly possessed it.  During this period the court was variously
+entertained: sometimes there were promenades, and at others the court
+beauties sallied out on horseback, and to make attacks with their charms
+and graces, sometimes successfully, sometimes otherwise, but always to
+the best of their abilities at other seasons there were such shows on the
+river, as the city of London alone can afford.
+
+The Thames washes the sides of a large though not a magnificent palace of
+the kings of Great Britain:--[This was Whitehall, which was burnt down,
+except the banqueting-house, 4th January, 1698.]--from the stairs of this
+palace the court used to take water, in the summer evenings, when the
+heat and dust prevented their walking in the park: an infinite number of
+open boats, filled with the court and city beauties, attended the barges,
+in which were the Royal Family: collations, music, and fireworks,
+completed the scene.  The Chevalier de Grammont always made one of the
+company, and it was very seldom that he did not add something of his own
+invention, agreeably to surprise by some unexpected stroke of
+magnificence and gallantry.  Sometimes he had complete concerts of vocal
+and instrumental music, which he privately brought from Paris, and which
+struck up on a sudden in the midst of these parties; sometimes he gave
+banquets, which likewise came from France, and which, even in the midst
+of London, surpassed the king's collations.  These entertainments
+sometimes exceeded, as others fell short of his expectations, but they
+always cost him an immense deal of money.
+
+Lord Falmouth was one of those who had the greatest friendship and esteem
+for the Chevalier de Grammont: this profusion gave him concern, and as he
+often used to go and sup with him without ceremony, one day finding only
+Saint Evremond there, and a supper fit for half a dozen guests, who had
+been invited in form: "You must not," said he, addressing himself to the
+Chevalier de Grammont, "be obliged to me for this visit.  I come from the
+king's 'coucher', where all the discourse was about you; and I can assure
+you that the manner in which the king spoke of you, could not afford you
+so much pleasure as I myself felt upon the occasion.  You know very well,
+that he has long since offered you his good offices with the King of
+France; and for my own part," continued he, smiling, "you know very well
+that I would solicit him so to do, if it was not through fear of losing
+you as soon as your peace is made; but, thanks to Miss Hamilton, you
+are in no great haste: however, I am ordered by the king, my master,
+to acquaint you, that while you remain here, until you are restored to
+the favour of your sovereign, he presents you with a pension of fifteen
+hundred Jacobus's: it is indeed a trifle, considering the figure the
+Chevalier de Grammont makes among us; but it will assist him," said he,
+embracing him, "to give us sometimes a supper."
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont received, as he ought, the offer of a favour he
+did not think proper to accept: "I acknowledge," said he, "the king's
+bounty in this proposal, but I am still more sensible of Lord Falmouth's
+generosity in it; and I request him to assure his Majesty of my perfect
+gratitude: the king, my master, will not suffer me to want, when he
+thinks fit to recall me; and while I continue here, I will let you see
+that I have wherewithal to give my English friends now and then a
+supper."
+
+At these words, he called for his strong box, and showed him seven or
+eight thousand guineas in solid gold.  Lord Falmouth, willing to improve
+to the Chevalier's advantage the refusal of so advantageous an offer,
+gave Monsieur de Comminge, then ambassador at the English court, an
+account of it; nor did Monsieur de Comminge fail to represent properly
+the merit of such a refusal to the French court.
+
+Hyde Park, every one knows, is the promenade of London! nothing was so
+much in fashion, during the fine weather, as that promenade, which was
+the rendezvous of magnificence and beauty: every one, therefore, who had
+either sparkling eyes, or a splendid equipage, constantly repaired
+thither; and the king seemed pleased with the place.
+
+Coaches with glasses were then a late invention.
+
+     [Coaches were first introduced into England in the year 1564.
+     Taylor, the water poet, (Works, 1630, p. 240,) says,--"One William
+     Boonen, a Dutchman, brought first the use of coaches hither; and the
+     said Boonen was Queen Elizabeth's coachman; for, indeed, a coach was
+     a strange monster in those days, and the sight of them put both
+     horse and man into amazement."  Dr. Percy observes, they were first
+     drawn by two horses, and that it was the favourite Buckingham, who,
+     about 1619, began to draw with six horses.  About the same time, he
+     introduced the sedan.  'The Ultimum Vale of John Carleton', 4to,
+     1663, p. 23, will, in a great measure, ascertain the time of the
+     introduction of glass coaches.  He says, "I could wish her (i. e.
+     Mary Carleton's) coach (which she said my lord Taff bought for her
+     in England, and sent it over to her, made of the new fashion, wide
+     glasse, very stately; and her pages and lacquies were of the same
+     livery,) was come for me," &c.]
+
+The ladies were afraid of being shut up in them: they greatly preferred
+the pleasure of showing almost their whole persons, to the conveniences
+of modern coaches: that which was made for the king not being remarkable
+for its elegance, the Chevalier de Grammont was of opinion that something
+ingenious might be invented, which should partake of the ancient fashion,
+and likewise prove preferable to the modern; he therefore sent away
+Termes privately with all the necessary instructions to Paris: the Duke
+of Guise was likewise charged with this commission; and the courier,
+having by the favour of Providence escaped the quicksand, in a month's
+time brought safely over to England the most elegant and magnificent
+calash that had ever been seen, which the Chevalier presented to the
+king.
+
+The Chevalier de Grammont had given orders that fifteen hundred louis
+should be expended upon it; but the Duke of Guise, who was his friend,
+to oblige him, laid out two thousand.  All the court was in admiration
+at the magnificence of the present; and the king, charmed with the
+Chevalier's attention to everything which could afford him pleasure,
+failed not to acknowledge it: he would not, however, accept a present
+of so much value, but upon condition that the Chevalier should not
+refuse another from him.
+
+The queen, imagining that so splendid a carriage might prove fortunate
+for her, wished to appear in it first, with the Duchess of York.  Lady
+Castlemaine, who had seen them in it, thinking that it set off a fine
+figure to greater advantage than any other, desired the king to lend her
+this wonderful calash to appear in it the first fine day in Hyde Park:
+Miss Stewart had the same wish, and requested to have it on the same day.
+As it was impossible to reconcile these two goddesses, whose former union
+was turned into mortal hatred, the king was very much perplexed.
+
+Lady Castlemaine was with child, and threatened to miscarry, if her rival
+was preferred; Miss Stewart threatened, that she never would be with
+child, if her request was not granted.  This menace prevailed, and Lady
+Castlemaine's rage was so great, that she had almost kept her word; and
+it was believed that this triumph cost her rival some of her innocence.
+
+The queen dowager, who, though she had no share in these broils, had no
+objection to them, and as usual being diverted with this circumstance,
+she took occasion to joke with the Chevalier de Grammont, for having
+thrown this bone of contention among such competitors; and did not fail
+to give him, in the presence of the whole court, those praises which so
+magnificent a present deserved: "But how comes it," said she, "that you
+have no equipage yourself, though you are at so great an expense? for I
+am told that you do not keep even a single footman, and that one of the
+common runners in the streets lights you home with a stinking link."
+"Madam," said he, "the Chevalier de Grammont hates pomp: my linkboy, of
+whom you speak, is faithful to my service; and besides, he is one of the
+bravest fellows in the world.  Your Majesty is unacquainted with the
+nation of link-boys: it is a charming one, I can assure you: a man cannot
+step out in the night without being surrounded by a dozen of them.  The
+first time I became acquainted with them, I retained all that offered me
+their services; so that when I arrived at Whitehall, I had at least two
+hundred about my chair: the sight was new; for those who had seen me pass
+with this illumination, asked whose funeral it was.  These gentlemen,
+however, began fighting about some dozen shillings I had thrown among
+them then; and he whom your Majesty mentions having beaten three or four
+of his companions, I retained him for his valour.  As for the parade of
+coaches and footmen, I despise it: I have sometimes had five or six
+valets-de-chambre at once, without having a single servant in livery,
+except my chaplain Poussatin."  "How!"  said the queen, bursting out
+laughing, "a chaplain in your livery! he surely was not a priest?"
+"Pardon me, madam," said he, "and the first priest in the world for
+dancing the Biscayan jig."  "Chevalier," said the king, "pray tell us the
+history of your chaplain Poussatin."
+
+
+
+
+ETEXT EDITOR'S BOOKMARKS:
+
+Ambition to pass for a wit, only established her tiresome
+An affectation of purity of manners
+Despising everything which  was not like themselves
+Duke would see things if he could
+Every thing that is necessary is honourable in politics
+Good attendants, but understood cheating still better
+Great earnestness passed for business
+Hardly possible for a woman to have less wit, or more beauty
+He talked eternally, without saying anything
+His mistress given him by his priests for penance
+Impenetrable stupidity (passed) for secrecy
+Life, in his opinion, was too short to read all sorts of books
+Never felt the pressure of indigence
+Not that he wanted capacity, but he was too self-sufficient
+Obstinate against all other advices
+One amour is creditable to a lady
+Possessed but little raillery, and still less patience
+Reasons of state assume great privileges
+She just said what she ought, and no more
+They can by no means bear the inconstancy of their mistresses
+Very willing to accept, but was tardy in making returns
+Wealth was necessary for the conveniencies of a long life
+
+
+
+
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEMOIRS OF GRAMMONT, V3, BY HAMILTON ***
+
+************* This file should be named mcg3w10.txt or mcg3w10.zip ************
+
+Corrected EDITIONS of our eBooks get a new NUMBER, mcg3w11.txt
+VERSIONS based on separate sources get new LETTER, mcg3w10a.txt
+
+This eBook was produced by David Widger <widger@cecomet.net>
+
+Project Gutenberg eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the US
+unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we usually do not
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+We are now trying to release all our eBooks one year in advance
+of the official release dates, leaving time for better editing.
+Please be encouraged to tell us about any error or corrections,
+even years after the official publication date.
+
+Please note neither this listing nor its contents are final til
+midnight of the last day of the month of any such announcement.
+The official release date of all Project Gutenberg eBooks is at
+Midnight, Central Time, of the last day of the stated month.  A
+preliminary version may often be posted for suggestion, comment
+and editing by those who wish to do so.
+
+Most people start at our Web sites at:
+http://gutenberg.net or
+http://promo.net/pg
+
+These Web sites include award-winning information about Project
+Gutenberg, including how to donate, how to help produce our new
+eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter (free!).
+
+
+Those of you who want to download any eBook before announcement
+can get to them as follows, and just download by date.  This is
+also a good way to get them instantly upon announcement, as the
+indexes our cataloguers produce obviously take a while after an
+announcement goes out in the Project Gutenberg Newsletter.
+
+http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/etext03 or
+ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/docs/books/gutenberg/etext03
+
+Or /etext02, 01, 00, 99, 98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 92, 91 or 90
+
+Just search by the first five letters of the filename you want,
+as it appears in our Newsletters.
+
+
+Information about Project Gutenberg (one page)
+
+We produce about two million dollars for each hour we work.  The
+time it takes us, a rather conservative estimate, is fifty hours
+to get any eBook selected, entered, proofread, edited, copyright
+searched and analyzed, the copyright letters written, etc.   Our
+projected audience is one hundred million readers.  If the value
+per text is nominally estimated at one dollar then we produce $2
+million dollars per hour in 2002 as we release over 100 new text
+files per month:  1240 more eBooks in 2001 for a total of 4000+
+We are already on our way to trying for 2000 more eBooks in 2002
+If they reach just 1-2% of the world's population then the total
+will reach over half a trillion eBooks given away by year's end.
+
+The Goal of Project Gutenberg is to Give Away 1 Trillion eBooks!
+This is ten thousand titles each to one hundred million readers,
+which is only about 4% of the present number of computer users.
+
+Here is the briefest record of our progress (* means estimated):
+
+eBooks Year Month
+
+    1  1971 July
+   10  1991 January
+  100  1994 January
+ 1000  1997 August
+ 1500  1998 October
+ 2000  1999 December
+ 2500  2000 December
+ 3000  2001 November
+ 4000  2001 October/November
+ 6000  2002 December*
+ 9000  2003 November*
+10000  2004 January*
+
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation has been created
+to secure a future for Project Gutenberg into the next millennium.
+
+We need your donations more than ever!
+
+As of February, 2002, contributions are being solicited from people
+and organizations in: Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Connecticut,
+Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois,
+Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts,
+Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New
+Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
+Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South
+Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West
+Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
+
+We have filed in all 50 states now, but these are the only ones
+that have responded.
+
+As the requirements for other states are met, additions to this list
+will be made and fund raising will begin in the additional states.
+Please feel free to ask to check the status of your state.
+
+In answer to various questions we have received on this:
+
+We are constantly working on finishing the paperwork to legally
+request donations in all 50 states.  If your state is not listed and
+you would like to know if we have added it since the list you have,
+just ask.
+
+While we cannot solicit donations from people in states where we are
+not yet registered, we know of no prohibition against accepting
+donations from donors in these states who approach us with an offer to
+donate.
+
+International donations are accepted, but we don't know ANYTHING about
+how to make them tax-deductible, or even if they CAN be made
+deductible, and don't have the staff to handle it even if there are
+ways.
+
+Donations by check or money order may be sent to:
+
+Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+PMB 113
+1739 University Ave.
+Oxford, MS 38655-4109
+
+Contact us if you want to arrange for a wire transfer or payment
+method other than by check or money order.
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation has been approved by
+the US Internal Revenue Service as a 501(c)(3) organization with EIN
+[Employee Identification Number] 64-622154.  Donations are
+tax-deductible to the maximum extent permitted by law.  As fund-raising
+requirements for other states are met, additions to this list will be
+made and fund-raising will begin in the additional states.
+
+We need your donations more than ever!
+
+You can get up to date donation information online at:
+
+http://www.gutenberg.net/donation.html
+
+
+***
+
+If you can't reach Project Gutenberg,
+you can always email directly to:
+
+Michael S. Hart <hart@pobox.com>
+
+Prof. Hart will answer or forward your message.
+
+We would prefer to send you information by email.
+
+
+**The Legal Small Print**
+
+
+(Three Pages)
+
+***START**THE SMALL PRINT!**FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN EBOOKS**START***
+Why is this "Small Print!" statement here? You know: lawyers.
+They tell us you might sue us if there is something wrong with
+your copy of this eBook, even if you got it for free from
+someone other than us, and even if what's wrong is not our
+fault. So, among other things, this "Small Print!" statement
+disclaims most of our liability to you. It also tells you how
+you may distribute copies of this eBook if you want to.
+
+*BEFORE!* YOU USE OR READ THIS EBOOK
+By using or reading any part of this PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm
+eBook, you indicate that you understand, agree to and accept
+this "Small Print!" statement. If you do not, you can receive
+a refund of the money (if any) you paid for this eBook by
+sending a request within 30 days of receiving it to the person
+you got it from. If you received this eBook on a physical
+medium (such as a disk), you must return it with your request.
+
+ABOUT PROJECT GUTENBERG-TM EBOOKS
+This PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm eBook, like most PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm eBooks,
+is a "public domain" work distributed by Professor Michael S. Hart
+through the Project Gutenberg Association (the "Project").
+Among other things, this means that no one owns a United States copyright
+on or for this work, so the Project (and you!) can copy and
+distribute it in the United States without permission and
+without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth
+below, apply if you wish to copy and distribute this eBook
+under the "PROJECT GUTENBERG" trademark.
+
+Please do not use the "PROJECT GUTENBERG" trademark to market
+any commercial products without permission.
+
+To create these eBooks, the Project expends considerable
+efforts to identify, transcribe and proofread public domain
+works. Despite these efforts, the Project's eBooks and any
+medium they may be on may contain "Defects". Among other
+things, Defects may take the form of incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other
+intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged
+disk or other eBook medium, a computer virus, or computer
+codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.
+
+LIMITED WARRANTY; DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES
+But for the "Right of Replacement or Refund" described below,
+[1] Michael Hart and the Foundation (and any other party you may
+receive this eBook from as a PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm eBook) disclaims
+all liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including
+legal fees, and [2] YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE OR
+UNDER STRICT LIABILITY, OR FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY OR CONTRACT,
+INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE
+OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE
+POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+If you discover a Defect in this eBook within 90 days of
+receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any)
+you paid for it by sending an explanatory note within that
+time to the person you received it from. If you received it
+on a physical medium, you must return it with your note, and
+such person may choose to alternatively give you a replacement
+copy. If you received it electronically, such person may
+choose to alternatively give you a second opportunity to
+receive it electronically.
+
+THIS EBOOK IS OTHERWISE PROVIDED TO YOU "AS-IS". NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARE MADE TO YOU AS
+TO THE EBOOK OR ANY MEDIUM IT MAY BE ON, INCLUDING BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+
+Some states do not allow disclaimers of implied warranties or
+the exclusion or limitation of consequential damages, so the
+above disclaimers and exclusions may not apply to you, and you
+may have other legal rights.
+
+INDEMNITY
+You will indemnify and hold Michael Hart, the Foundation,
+and its trustees and agents, and any volunteers associated
+with the production and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm
+texts harmless, from all liability, cost and expense, including
+legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of the
+following that you do or cause:  [1] distribution of this eBook,
+[2] alteration, modification, or addition to the eBook,
+or [3] any Defect.
+
+DISTRIBUTION UNDER "PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm"
+You may distribute copies of this eBook electronically, or by
+disk, book or any other medium if you either delete this
+"Small Print!" and all other references to Project Gutenberg,
+or:
+
+[1]  Only give exact copies of it.  Among other things, this
+     requires that you do not remove, alter or modify the
+     eBook or this "small print!" statement.  You may however,
+     if you wish, distribute this eBook in machine readable
+     binary, compressed, mark-up, or proprietary form,
+     including any form resulting from conversion by word
+     processing or hypertext software, but only so long as
+     *EITHER*:
+
+     [*]  The eBook, when displayed, is clearly readable, and
+          does *not* contain characters other than those
+          intended by the author of the work, although tilde
+          (~), asterisk (*) and underline (_) characters may
+          be used to convey punctuation intended by the
+          author, and additional characters may be used to
+          indicate hypertext links; OR
+
+     [*]  The eBook may be readily converted by the reader at
+          no expense into plain ASCII, EBCDIC or equivalent
+          form by the program that displays the eBook (as is
+          the case, for instance, with most word processors);
+          OR
+
+     [*]  You provide, or agree to also provide on request at
+          no additional cost, fee or expense, a copy of the
+          eBook in its original plain ASCII form (or in EBCDIC
+          or other equivalent proprietary form).
+
+[2]  Honor the eBook refund and replacement provisions of this
+     "Small Print!" statement.
+
+[3]  Pay a trademark license fee to the Foundation of 20% of the
+     gross profits you derive calculated using the method you
+     already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  If you
+     don't derive profits, no royalty is due.  Royalties are
+     payable to "Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation"
+     the 60 days following each date you prepare (or were
+     legally required to prepare) your annual (or equivalent
+     periodic) tax return.  Please contact us beforehand to
+     let us know your plans and to work out the details.
+
+WHAT IF YOU *WANT* TO SEND MONEY EVEN IF YOU DON'T HAVE TO?
+Project Gutenberg is dedicated to increasing the number of
+public domain and licensed works that can be freely distributed
+in machine readable form.
+
+The Project gratefully accepts contributions of money, time,
+public domain materials, or royalty free copyright licenses.
+Money should be paid to the:
+"Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+If you are interested in contributing scanning equipment or
+software or other items, please contact Michael Hart at:
+hart@pobox.com
+
+[Portions of this eBook's header and trailer may be reprinted only
+when distributed free of all fees.  Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 by
+Michael S. Hart.  Project Gutenberg is a TradeMark and may not be
+used in any sales of Project Gutenberg eBooks or other materials be
+they hardware or software or any other related product without
+express permission.]
+
+*END THE SMALL PRINT! FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN EBOOKS*Ver.02/11/02*END*
+
diff --git a/old/mcg3w10.zip b/old/mcg3w10.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..431183b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/mcg3w10.zip