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diff --git a/old/54029-0.txt b/old/54029-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 92daa18..0000000 --- a/old/54029-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4170 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Twenty-First or -The Royal North British Fusiliers: From , by Richard Cannon - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Historical Record of the Twenty-First or The Royal North British Fusiliers: From Its Formation in 1678 to 1849 - -Author: Richard Cannon - -Release Date: January 20, 2017 [EBook #54029] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS *** - - - - -Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - - - - - - - - - - TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - A superscript is denoted by ^x or ^{xx}. For example, M^cDonald or - Esq^{re}. - - Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within - the text and consultation of external sources. - - More detail can be found at the end of the book. - - - - -[Illustration: - - BY COMMAND OF His late Majesty WILLIAM THE IV^{TH}. - _and under the Patronage of_ - Her Majesty the Queen. - - HISTORICAL RECORDS, - _OF THE_ - British Army - - _Comprising the - History of every Regiment - IN HER MAJESTY'S SERVICE._ - - _By Richard Cannon Esq^{re}._ - - _Adjutant Generals Office, Horse Guards._ - - London - - _Printed by Authority_:] - - - - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - - _HORSE-GUARDS_, - _1st January, 1836_. - -His Majesty has been pleased to command that, with the view of -doing the fullest justice to Regiments, as well as to Individuals -who have distinguished themselves by their Bravery in Action with -the Enemy, an Account of the Services of every Regiment in the -British Army shall be published under the superintendence and -direction of the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall -contain the following particulars, viz.:-- - - ---- The Period and Circumstances of the Original Formation of - the Regiment; The Stations at which it has been from time to time - employed; The Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations - in which it has been engaged, particularly specifying any - Achievement it may have performed, and the Colours, Trophies, - &c., it may have captured from the Enemy. - - ---- The Names of the Officers, and the number of - Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates Killed or Wounded by the - Enemy, specifying the place and Date of the Action. - - ---- The Names of those Officers who, in consideration of their - Gallant Services and Meritorious Conduct in Engagements with the - Enemy, have been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other - Marks of His Majesty's gracious favour. - - ---- The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers, - and Privates, as may have specially signalized themselves in - Action. - - And, - - ---- The Badges and Devices which the Regiment may have been - permitted to bear, and the Causes on account of which such Badges - or Devices, or any other Marks of Distinction, have been granted. - - By Command of the Right Honorable - - GENERAL LORD HILL, - _Commanding-in-Chief_. - - JOHN MACDONALD, - _Adjutant-General_. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly depend -upon the zeal and ardour by which all who enter into its service -are animated, and consequently it is of the highest importance that -any measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, by which -alone great and gallant actions are achieved, should be adopted. - -Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this desirable -object than a full display of the noble deeds with which the -Military History of our country abounds. To hold forth these bright -examples to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to -incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those who have -preceded him in their honorable career, are among the motives that -have given rise to the present publication. - -The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced in the -"London Gazette," from whence they are transferred into the public -prints: the achievements of our armies are thus made known at the -time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute of praise and -admiration to which they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions, -the Houses of Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on -the Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting under their -orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks for their skill -and bravery; and these testimonials, confirmed by the high honour -of their Sovereign's approbation, constitute the reward which the -soldier most highly prizes. - -It has not, however, until late years, been the practice (which -appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental armies) -for British Regiments to keep regular records of their services -and achievements. Hence some difficulty has been experienced in -obtaining, particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic -account of their origin and subsequent services. - -This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His Majesty -having been pleased to command that every Regiment shall, in -future, keep a full and ample record of its services at home and -abroad. - -From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth -derive information as to the difficulties and privations which -chequer the career of those who embrace the military profession. In -Great Britain, where so large a number of persons are devoted to -the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and -where these pursuits have, for so long a period, being undisturbed -by the _presence of war_, which few other countries have escaped, -comparatively little is known of the vicissitudes of active service -and of the casualties of climate, to which, even during peace, the -British Troops are exposed in every part of the globe, with little -or no interval of repose. - -In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the country -derives from the industry and the enterprise of the agriculturist -and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed not often to -reflect on the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,--on -their sufferings,--and on the sacrifice of valuable life, by which -so many national benefits are obtained and preserved. - -The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance, -have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties; and -their character has been established in Continental warfare by the -irresistible spirit with which they have effected debarkations in -spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the gallantry and -steadiness with which they have maintained their advantages against -superior numbers. - -In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, ample -justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions of the -Corps employed; but the details of their services and of acts of -individual bravery can only be fully given in the Annals of the -various Regiments. - -These Records are now preparing for publication, under his -Majesty's special authority, by Mr. RICHARD CANNON, Principal Clerk -of the Adjutant General's Office; and while the perusal of them -cannot fail to be useful and interesting to military men of every -rank, it is considered that they will also afford entertainment and -information to the general reader, particularly to those who may -have served in the Army, or who have relatives in the Service. - -There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, or -are serving, in the Army, an _Esprit de Corps_--an attachment -to everything belonging to their Regiment; to such persons a -narrative of the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove -interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of the great, the -valiant, the loyal, have always been of paramount interest with -a brave and civilized people. Great Britain has produced a race -of heroes who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood "firm -as the rocks of their native shore:" and when half the world has -been arrayed against them, they have fought the battles of their -Country with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of -achievements in war,--victories so complete and surprising, gained -by our countrymen, our brothers, our fellow citizens in arms,--a -record which revives the memory of the brave, and brings their -gallant deeds before us,--will certainly prove acceptable to the -public. - -Biographical Memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished -Officers will be introduced in the Records of their respective -Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to -time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying the value -and importance of its services, will be faithfully set forth. - -As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each Regiment -will be printed in a distinct number, so that when the whole shall -be completed, the Parts may be bound up in numerical succession. - - - - -INTRODUCTION TO THE INFANTRY. - - -The natives of Britain have, at all periods, been celebrated for -innate courage and unshaken firmness, and the national superiority -of the British troops over those of other countries has been -evinced in the midst of the most imminent perils. History contains -so many proofs of extraordinary acts of bravery, that no doubts can -be raised upon the facts which are recorded. It must therefore be -admitted, that the distinguishing feature of the British soldier is -INTREPIDITY. This quality was evinced by the inhabitants of England -when their country was invaded by Julius Cæsar with a Roman army, -on which occasion the undaunted Britons rushed into the sea to -attack the Roman soldiers as they descended from their ships; and, -although their discipline and arms were inferior to those of their -adversaries, yet their fierce and dauntless bearing intimidated -the flower of the Roman troops, including Cæsar's favourite tenth -legion. Their arms consisted of spears, short swords, and other -weapons of rude construction. They had chariots, to the axles of -which were fastened sharp pieces of iron resembling scythe-blades, -and infantry in long chariots resembling waggons, who alighted -and fought on foot, and for change of ground, pursuit or retreat, -sprang into the chariot and drove off with the speed of cavalry. -These inventions were, however, unavailing against Cæsar's -legions: in the course of time a military system, with discipline -and subordination, was introduced, and British courage, being -thus regulated, was exerted to the greatest advantage; a full -development of the national character followed, and it shone forth -in all its native brilliancy. - -The military force of the Anglo-Saxons consisted principally of -infantry: Thanes, and other men of property, however, fought on -horseback. The infantry were of two classes, heavy and light The -former carried large shields armed with spikes, long broad swords -and spears; and the latter were armed with swords or spears only. -They had also men armed with clubs, others with battle-axes and -javelins. - -The feudal troops established by William the Conqueror consisted -(as already stated in the Introduction to the Cavalry) almost -entirely of horse; but when the warlike barons and knights, with -their trains of tenants and vassals, took the field, a proportion -of men appeared on foot, and, although these were of inferior -degree, they proved stout-hearted Britons of stanch fidelity. When -stipendiary troops were employed, infantry always constituted a -considerable portion of the military force; and this _arme_ has -since acquired, in every quarter of the globe, a celebrity never -exceeded by the armies of any nation at any period. - -The weapons carried by the infantry, during the several reigns -succeeding the Conquest, were bows and arrows, half-pikes, lances, -halberds, various kinds of battle-axes, swords, and daggers. Armour -was worn on the head and body, and in course of time the practice -became general for military men to be so completely cased in steel, -that it was almost impossible to slay them. - -The introduction of the use of gunpowder in the destructive -purposes of war, in the early part of the fourteenth -century, produced a change in the arms and equipment of the -infantry-soldier. Bows and arrows gave place to various kinds of -fire-arms, but British archers continued formidable adversaries; -and, owing to the inconvenient construction and imperfect bore of -the fire-arms when first introduced, a body of men, well trained -in the use of the bow from their youth, was considered a valuable -acquisition to every army, even as late as the sixteenth century. - -During a great part of the reign of Queen Elizabeth each company -of infantry usually consisted of men armed five different ways; in -every hundred men forty were "_men-at-arms_," and sixty "_shot_;" -the "men-at-arms" were ten halberdiers, or battle-axe men, and -thirty pikemen; and the "shot" were twenty archers, twenty -musketeers, and twenty harquebusiers, and each man carried, besides -his principal weapon, a sword and dagger. - -Companies of infantry varied at this period in numbers from 150 -to 300 men; each company had a colour or ensign, and the mode of -formation recommended by an English military writer (Sir John -Smithe) in 1590 was:--the colour in the centre of the company -guarded by the halberdiers; the pikemen in equal proportions, on -each flank of the halberdiers: half the musketeers on each flank -of the pikes; half the archers on each flank of the musketeers, -and the harquebusiers (whose arms were much lighter than the -muskets then in use) in equal proportions on each flank of the -company for skirmishing.[1] It was customary to unite a number -of companies into one body, called a REGIMENT, which frequently -amounted to three thousand men: but each company continued to carry -a colour. Numerous improvements were eventually introduced in the -construction of fire-arms, and, it having been found impossible to -make armour proof against the muskets then in use (which carried -a very heavy ball) without its being too weighty for the soldier, -armour was gradually laid aside by the infantry in the seventeenth -century: bows and arrows also fell into disuse, and the infantry -were reduced to two classes, viz.: _musketeers_, armed with -matchlock muskets, swords, and daggers; and _pikemen_, armed with -pikes from fourteen to eighteen feet long, and swords. - -In the early part of the seventeenth century Gustavus Adolphus, -King of Sweden, reduced the strength of regiments to 1000 men. He -caused the gunpowder, which had heretofore been carried in flasks, -or in small wooden bandoliers, each containing a charge, to be -made up into cartridges, and carried in pouches; and he formed -each regiment into two wings of musketeers, and a centre division -of pikemen. He also adopted the practice of forming four regiments -into a brigade; and the number of colours was afterwards reduced to -three in each regiment. He formed his columns so compactly that his -infantry could resist the charge of the celebrated Polish horsemen -and Austrian cuirassiers; and his armies became the admiration of -other nations. His mode of formation was copied by the English, -French, and other European states; but so great was the prejudice -in favour of ancient customs, that all his improvements were not -adopted until near a century afterwards. - -In 1664 King Charles II. raised a corps for sea-service, styled -the Admiral's regiment. In 1678 each company of 100 men usually -consisted of 30 pikemen, 60 musketeers, and 10 men armed with light -firelocks. In this year the King added a company of men armed with -hand grenades to each of the old British regiments, which was -designated the "grenadier company." Daggers were so contrived as to -fit in the muzzles of the muskets, and bayonets, similar to those -at present in use, were adopted about twenty years afterwards. - -An Ordnance regiment was raised in 1685, by order of King James -II., to guard the artillery, and was designated the Royal Fusiliers -(now 7th Foot). This corps, and the companies of grenadiers, did -not carry pikes. - -King William III. incorporated the Admiral's regiment in the second -Foot Guards, and raised two Marine regiments for sea-service. -During the war in this reign, each company of infantry (excepting -the fusiliers and grenadiers) consisted of 14 pikemen and 46 -musketeers; the captains carried pikes; lieutenants, partisans; -ensigns, half-pikes; and serjeants, halberds. After the peace in -1697 the Marine regiments were disbanded, but were again formed on -the breaking out of the war in 1702.[2] - -During the reign of Queen Anne the pikes were laid aside, and every -infantry soldier was armed with a musket, bayonet, and sword; the -grenadiers ceased, about the same period, to carry hand grenades; -and the regiments were directed to lay aside their third colour: -the corps of Royal Artillery was first added to the Army in this -reign. - -About the year 1745, the men of the battalion companies of infantry -ceased to carry swords; during the reign of George II. light -companies were added to infantry regiments; and in 1764 a Board of -General Officers recommended that the grenadiers should lay aside -their swords, as that weapon had never been used during the Seven -Years' War. Since that period the arms of the infantry soldier have -been limited to the musket and bayonet. - -The arms and equipment of the British Troops have seldom differed -materially, since the Conquest, from those of other European -states; and in some respects the arming has, at certain periods, -been allowed to be inferior to that of the nations with whom they -have had to contend; yet, under this disadvantage, the bravery and -superiority of the British infantry have been evinced on very many -and most trying occasions, and splendid victories have been gained -over very superior numbers. - -Great Britain has produced a race of lion-like champions who have -dared to confront a host of foes, and have proved themselves -valiant with any arms. At _Crecy_, King Edward III., at the head -of about 30,000 men, defeated, on the 26th of August, 1346, Philip -King of France, whose army is said to have amounted to 100,000 -men; here British valour encountered veterans of renown:--the -King of Bohemia, the King of Majorca, and many princes and nobles -were slain, and the French army was routed and cut to pieces. Ten -years afterwards, Edward Prince of Wales, who was designated the -Black Prince, defeated, at _Poictiers_, with 14,000 men, a French -army of 60,000 horse, besides infantry, and took John I., King of -France, and his son Philip, prisoners. On the 25th of October, -1415, King Henry V., with an army of about 13,000 men, although -greatly exhausted by marches, privations, and sickness, defeated, -at _Agincourt_, the Constable of France, at the head of the flower -of the French nobility and an army said to amount to 60,000 men, -and gained a complete victory. - -During the seventy years' war between the United Provinces of the -Netherlands and the Spanish monarchy, which commenced in 1578 and -terminated in 1648, the British infantry in the service of the -States-General were celebrated for their unconquerable spirit and -firmness;[3] and in the thirty years' war between the Protestant -Princes and the Emperor of Germany, the British Troops in the -service of Sweden and other states were celebrated for deeds of -heroism.[4] In the wars of Queen Anne, the fame of the British -army under the great MARLBOROUGH was spread throughout the world; -and if we glance at the achievements performed within the memory -of persons now living, there is abundant proof that the Britons -of the present age are not inferior to their ancestors in the -qualities which constitute good soldiers. Witness the deeds of -the brave men, of whom there are many now surviving, who fought in -Egypt in 1801, under the brave Abercromby, and compelled the French -army, which had been vainly styled _Invincible_, to evacuate that -country; also the services of the gallant Troops during the arduous -campaigns in the Peninsula, under the immortal WELLINGTON; and -the determined stand made by the British Army at Waterloo, where -Napoleon Bonaparte, who had long been the inveterate enemy of Great -Britain, and had sought and planned her destruction by every means -he could devise, was compelled to leave his vanquished legions to -their fate, and to place himself at the disposal of the British -Government. These achievements, with others of recent dates, in the -distant climes of India, prove that the same valour and constancy -which glowed in the breasts of the heroes of Crecy, Poictiers, -Agincourt, Blenheim, and Ramilies, continue to animate the Britons -of the nineteenth century. - -The British Soldier is distinguished for a robust and muscular -frame,--intrepidity which no danger can appal,--unconquerable -spirit and resolution,--patience in fatigue and privation, and -cheerful obedience to his superiors. These qualities, united with -an excellent system of order and discipline to regulate and give -a skilful direction to the energies and adventurous spirit of -the hero, and a wise selection of officers of superior talent to -command, whose presence inspires confidence,--have been the leading -causes of the splendid victories gained by the British arms.[5] -The fame of the deeds of the past and present generations in the -various battle-fields where the robust sons of Albion have fought -and conquered, surrounds the British arms with a halo of glory; -these achievements will live in the page of history to the end of -time. - -The records of the several regiments will be found to contain a -detail of facts of an interesting character, connected with the -hardships, sufferings, and gallant exploits of British soldiers in -the various parts of the world where the calls of their Country -and the commands of their Sovereign have required them to proceed -in the execution of their duty, whether in active continental -operations, or in maintaining colonial territories in distant and -unfavourable climes. - -The superiority of the British infantry has been pre-eminently set -forth in the wars of six centuries, and admitted by the greatest -commanders which Europe has produced. The formations and movements -of this _arme_, as at present practised, while they are adapted -to every species of warfare, and to all probable situations -and circumstances of service, are calculated to show forth the -brilliancy of military tactics calculated upon mathematical and -scientific principles. Although the movements and evolutions have -been copied from the continental armies, yet various improvements -have from time to time been introduced, to insure that simplicity -and celerity by which the superiority of the national military -character is maintained. The rank and influence which Great Britain -has attained among the nations of the world, have in a great -measure been purchased by the valour of the Army, and to persons -who have the welfare of their country at heart, the records of the -several regiments cannot fail to prove interesting. - - - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] A company of 200 men would appear thus:-- - - __| - | | - |__| - | - 20 20 20 30 2|0 30 20 20 20 - Harquebuses. Muskets. Halberds. Muskets. Harquebuses. - Archers. Pikes. Pikes. Archers. - -The musket carried a ball which weighed 1/10th of a pound; and the -harquebus a ball which weighed 1/25th of a pound. - -[2] The 30th, 31st, and 32nd Regiments were formed as Marine corps -in 1702, and were employed as such during the wars in the reign -of Queen Anne. The Marine corps were embarked in the Fleet under -Admiral Sir George Rooke, and were at the taking of Gibraltar, and -in its subsequent defence in 1704; they were afterwards employed at -the siege of Barcelona in 1705. - -[3] The brave Sir Roger Williams, in his Discourse on War, printed -in 1590, observes:--"I persuade myself ten thousand of our nation -would beat thirty thousand of theirs (the Spaniards) out of the -field, let them be chosen where they list." Yet at this time the -Spanish infantry was allowed to be the best disciplined in Europe. -For instances of valour displayed by the British Infantry during -the Seventy Years' War, see the Historical Record of the Third -Foot, or Buffs. - -[4] _Vide_ the Historical Record of the First, or Royal Regiment of -Foot. - -[5] "Under the blessing of Divine Providence, His Majesty ascribes -the successes which have attended the exertions of his troops in -Egypt to that determined bravery which is inherent in Britons; but -His Majesty desires it may be most solemnly and forcibly impressed -on the consideration of every part of the army, that it has been a -strict observance of order, discipline, and military system, which -has given the full energy to the native valour of the troops, and -has enabled them proudly to assert the superiority of the national -military character, in situations uncommonly arduous, and under -circumstances of peculiar difficulty."--_General Orders in 1801._ - -In the General Orders issued by Lieut.-General Sir John Hope -(afterwards Lord Hopetoun), congratulating the army upon the -successful result of the Battle of Corunna, on the 16th of January, -1809, it is stated:--"On no occasion has the undaunted valour of -British troops ever been more manifest. At the termination of a -severe and harassing march, rendered necessary by the superiority -which the enemy had acquired, and which had materially impaired -the efficiency of the troops, many disadvantages were to be -encountered. These have all been surmounted by the conduct of the -troops themselves: and the enemy has been taught, that whatever -advantages of position or of numbers he may possess, there is -inherent in the British officers and soldiers a bravery that knows -not how to yield,--that no circumstances can appal,--and that will -ensure victory, when it is to be obtained by the exertion of any -human means." - - - - - HISTORICAL RECORD - - OF - - THE TWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT, - - OR - - THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. - - CONTAINING - - AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT - IN 1678, - - AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES - TO 1849. - - COMPILED BY - RICHARD CANNON, ESQ., - ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE, HORSE GUARDS. - - ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES. - - LONDON: - PARKER, FURNIVALL, & PARKER, - 30, CHARING-CROSS. - - MDCCCXLIX. - - - London: Printed by WILLIAM CLOWES and SONS, Stamford Street, - For Her Majesty's Stationery Office. - - - THE TWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT, - - OR - - THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS, - - BEARS ON THE REGIMENTAL COLOUR - - "THE THISTLE" - - WITHIN THE CIRCLE AND MOTTO OF SAINT ANDREW, - - "_Nemo me impune lacessit_;" - - SURMOUNTED BY - - THE IMPERIAL CROWN. - - - - -THE TWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT, - -OR - -THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH REGIMENT, - - - - -CONTENTS - -OF THE - -HISTORICAL RECORD. - - - YEAR PAGE - - INTRODUCTION. - - 1678 Formation of the Regiment 1 - - ---- Appointment of Charles, Earl of Mar, to the - Colonelcy - - - ---- Armed with light muskets, and called _Fusiliers_ 2 - - 1679 Rebellion in Scotland, and murder of _Archbishop - Sharp_ - - - ---- Attack and defeat of the rebels at _Bothwell - Bridge_ - - - 1685 Death of King Charles II., and accession of - King James II. - - - ---- Rebellion in Scotland excited by the Earl of - Argyle 3 - - 1686 Colonel Thomas Buchan appointed to the Colonelcy, - in the place of the Earl of Mar - - - 1688 Marched from Scotland to London, on occasion - of the expected landing of the Prince of - Orange - - - ---- Flight of King James II. to France 4 - - ---- Regiment marched into Oxfordshire - - - 1689 The Prince and Princess of Orange elevated - to the throne, by the titles of King William - III. and Queen Mary 4 - - ---- Colonel F. F. O'Farrell appointed to the Colonelcy, - in place of Colonel T. Buchan - - - ---- Regiment embarked for Holland - - - ---- Joined the Army under the Earl of Marlborough - - - ---- Engaged with the French at _Walcourt_ - - - 1691 Encamped near Brussels 5 - - 1692 Battle of _Steenkirk_ - - - 1693 Battle of _Landen_ 6 - - 1694 Performed many marches, and arrived at - _Deinse_ 7 - - ---- Directed to take rank and precedence as the - _Twenty-first_ Regiment of Infantry - - - 1695 Surrender of the town of _Deinse_ by Brigadier-General - O'Farrell 8 - - ---- Appointment of Colonel Robert Mackay, in - place of Brigadier O'Farrell, cashiered by a - General Court-Martial - - - 1696 Proceeded to the camp at Marykirk, and served - with the army of Brabant - - - 1697 Appointment of Colonel Archibald Row to the - Coloneley, in succession to Colonel R. Mackay, - deceased 9 - - ---- Treaty of Peace concluded at Ryswick - - - ---- Regiment returned to Scotland - - - 1702 Death of King William III. - - - ---- Accession of Queen Anne - - - ---- Declaration of War with France and Spain - - - ---- Embarked from Scotland for Holland - - - 1703 Joined the allied army at Maestricht - - - ---- Siege and capture of _Huy_ 10 - - ---- ---------------- of _Limburg_ -- - - 1704 Marched from Holland into Germany 10 - - ---- Engaged in the Battle of _Schellenberg_ -- - - ---- ------ in the Battle of _Blenheim_ 11 - - ---- The three Field-Officers, Brigadier-General - Row, Lieut.-Colonel Dalyel, and Major - Campbell, killed in obtaining the glorious - Victory of Blenheim 12 - - ---- Appointment of John, Viscount Mordaunt, to - the Colonelcy, in succession to Brigadier-General - Row -- - - 1705 Completed with recruits from Scotland, and - engaged in forcing the French lines at _Helixem_ - and _Neer Hespen_ 13 - - 1706 Engaged in the Battle of _Ramilies_ -- - - ---- ------ in the capture of _Ostend_, _Menin_, and - _Aeth_ 14 - - ---- Appointment of Colonel Sampson de Lalo, - from the 28th Regiment, in exchange with - Viscount Mordaunt -- - - 1707 Engaged in marches, &c., in West Flanders -- - - ---- The Union of Scotland and England took place; - and certain additions and alterations were - made in consequence in the colours and titles - of Regiments -- - - 1708 Engaged in the Battle of _Oudenarde_ -- - - ---- ------ in the siege and capture of _Lisle_ 15 - - 1709 ------ in the siege and capture of _Tournay_ -- - - ---- ------ in the Battle of _Malplaquet_ -- - - ---- Re-appointment of Viscount Mordaunt to the - Colonelcy, in succession to Major-General - De Lalo, killed in the Battle of Malplaquet 16 - - ---- Engaged in the siege and capture of _Mons_ -- - - 1710 ------ in passing the French lines at _Pont-à-Vendin_ -- - - ---- ------ in siege and capture of _Douay_ -- - - 1710 Engaged in siege and capture of _Bethune_ 16 - - ---- ---------------------------- of _St. Venant_ -- - - ---- ---------------------------- of _Aire_ -- - - ---- Appointment of Lieut.-General Thomas Meredith - to the Colonelcy, in succession to Viscount - Mordaunt -- - - ---- Appointment of the Earl of Orrery to the - Colonelcy, in succession to Lieut.-General - Meredith, removed -- - - 1711 Engaged in passing the French lines at _Arleux_ 17 - - ---- ------ in the siege and capture of _Bouchain_ -- - - 1712 Joined the Army under the command of the - Duke of Ormond -- - - ---- Suspension of hostilities -- - - 1713 Treaty of Peace concluded at Utrecht -- - - 1714 Returned from Flanders to England -- - - ---- Proceeded to Scotland 18 - - 1715 Rebellion in Scotland, excited by the Earl of - Mar, in favour of the Pretender -- - - ---- Encamped at Stirling, under the command of - the _Duke of Argyle_, and advanced to _Dumblain_ -- - - ---- Engagement at _Sheriff-muir_ between the King's - troops and the rebel forces -- - - 1716 The King's troops advanced; the insurgents - retreated; the Pretender escaped to the Continent; - and the rebellion suppressed 19 - - ---- Appointment of Colonel George Macartney - to the Colonelcy, in place of the Earl of - Orrery -- - - 1727 Appointment of Brigadier-General Sir James - Wood to the Colonelcy, in succession to Lieut.-General - Macartney, removed to the Sixth - Dragoon Guards 19 - - 1728 Embarked for Ireland -- - - 1738 Appointment of Colonel John Campbell to the - Colonelcy, in succession to Sir James Wood, - deceased 19 - - 1739 War declared against Spain 20 - - 1740 Removed from Ireland to South Britain -- - - 1741 Encamped on Lexden Heath -- - - 1742 Embarked for Flanders -- - - 1743 Marched for Germany, and engaged at the - Battle of _Dettingen_ -- - - 1744 Encamped at Asche and Alost -- - - ---- Returned to Ghent for winter-quarters -- - - 1745 Marched to the relief of Tournay 21 - - ---- Engaged at the Battle of _Fontenoy_ -- - - ---- Placed in garrison at Ostend 22 - - ---- Charles Edward, eldest son of the Pretender, - landed in Scotland -- - - ---- Regiment ordered to return from Flanders -- - - 1746 Proceeded to Scotland, and engaged at the - Battle of _Culloden_ -- - - ---- Removed to Glasgow 23 - - 1747 Re-embarked for the Netherlands -- - - ---- Engaged at the battle of Val -- - - 1748 Treaty of Peace concluded at Aix-la-Chapelle -- - - ---- Returned to England -- - - 1751 Regulations, prescribed by Royal Warrant, for - establishing uniformity in the clothing, standards, - and colours of regiments, &c. &c. -- - - ---- Received the commendations of the Duke of - Cumberland for good conduct in quarters and - bravery in the field 24 - - ---- Embarked for Gibraltar -- - - 1752 Appointment of the Earl of Panmure to the - Colonelcy, in succession to Lieut.-General - Campbell, removed to the Second Dragoons, - Scots Greys -- - - 1760 Returned from Gibraltar to England 24 - - 1761 Embarked on an expedition to Belle-Isle -- - - ---- Capture of the island 25 - - ---- Returned to England -- - - 1763 Proceeded to Scotland -- - - 1765 Embarked for America, and quartered in West - Florida -- - - 1770 Removed to Canada -- - - ---- Appointment of Major-General Hon. Alexander - Mackay to the Colonelcy, in succession to - Lieut.-General the Earl of Panmure, removed - to the Scots Greys 26 - - 1772 Returned from Canada to England -- - - 1775 Commencement of the American War of Independence -- - - 1776 Re-embarked for America, and engaged in the - relief of Quebec -- - - 1777 Engaged in active operations on Lake Champlain, - at Ticonderago, and other places, with the - American troops -- - - ---- The British troops under Lieut.-General Burgoyne - surrendered 28 - - 1781 Returned to Europe, and stationed in Scotland -- - - 1783 Removed to Ireland -- - - 1789 Embarked for Nova Scotia -- - - ---- Appointment of General Hon. James Murray, - from the 13th regiment, to the Colonelcy, in - succession to Lieut.-General Hon. A. Mackay, - deceased -- - - 1793 Embarked for the West Indies -- - - ---- Proceeded to Martinique, to aid the French - Royalists 29 - - 1794 Engaged in the capture of Martinique, St. Lucia, - and Guadaloupe -- - - ---- Guadaloupe recaptured by the French 30 - - 1794 Appointment of Major-General James Hamilton - to the Colonelcy, in succession to General - Hon. James Murray, deceased 31 - - 1796 Returned from the West Indies -- - - ---- Proceeded to Scotland to recruit -- - - 1800 Embarked for Ireland, after completing its - numbers -- - - 1802 Received the compliments of the principal inhabitants - of Enniskillen for its excellent - conduct 32 - - ---- Establishment reduced in consequence of the - Peace with France concluded at _Amiens_ -- - - 1803 Removed to Dublin -- - - ---- The Establishment again augmented, in consequence - of a renewal of war with France -- - - ---- Insurrection at Dublin -- - - ---- The Lord Chief-Justice, Viscount Kilwarden, - murdered by the populace; his nephew, the - Rev. R. Wolfe, wounded, and many other - acts of violence committed -- - - ---- Regiment assembled to suppress the riots, and - Lieut.-Colonel Brown murdered by the Insurgents - on his way to the station of the - regiment -- - - ---- The command of the regiment devolved on - Major Robertson -- - - ---- Received the approbation and thanks of the - Commander-in-Chief, and of the Civil Authorities, - in Dublin, for the exertions used in - restoring tranquillity -- - - ---- Appointment of General Hon. William Gordon, - from 71st regiment, to the Colonelcy, in succession - to General Hamilton, deceased 33 - - 1804 Measures adopted for repelling the threatened - invasion of the French -- - - 1804 A second battalion added to the regiment, composed - of men raised under the "_Additional - Force Act_" in the counties of Ayr and - Renfrew 33 - - 1805 First battalion embarked from Ireland for Portsmouth -- - - ---- Removed to Weymouth, and reviewed by His - Majesty King George III., and other members - of the Royal Family -- - - 1805 Removed to Lewes -- - - 1806 Marched to London to attend the funeral of - Admiral Viscount Nelson, who was killed at - the battle of Trafalgar, and was honored with - a public funeral at St. Paul's Cathedral 34 - - ---- First battalion embarked for Sicily -- - - ---- Second battalion embarked from Scotland for - Ireland -- - - 1807 Hostilities with the Grand Seignior -- - - ---- First battalion embarked from Sicily on an expedition - to Egypt; landed at Alexandria, - and marched to Aboukir -- - - ---- Peace with the Turks being restored, the battalion - returned to Sicily -- - - 1809 Flank companies engaged in the capture of the - Islands of _Ischia_ and _Procida_, in the Gulf of - Naples 35 - - ---- Attempt made to reduce the Castle of _Scylla_ -- - - 1810 The invasion of Sicily by Murat, King of Naples, - defeated 36 - - 1811 Second battalion embarked from Ireland for - Scotland 37 - - 1814 First battalion embarked for Italy, with a force - under Lieut.-General Lord William Bentinck -- - - ---- Landed at _Leghorn_, marched to _Pisa_, thence to - Lucca -- - - 1814 Advanced to _Genoa_, and took possession of that - town and fortress 37 - - ---- Second battalion embarked from Scotland for - Holland 38 - - ---- Employed in the attack of Bergen-op-Zoom -- - - ---- Hostilities on the Continent ceased -- - - ---- Abdication of Napoleon Bonaparte -- - - ---- Second battalion embarked for England, and - returned to Scotland -- - - ---- First battalion embarked for service in America 39 - - ---- Defeated the American Army at _Bladensburg_ -- - - ---- Advanced to _Washington_, captured the city, - and destroyed the arsenal, docks, &c. 40 - - ---- Marched back to St. Benedict -- - - ---- Re-embarked and landed at North Point -- - - ---- Advanced towards _Baltimore_, and engaged the - American troops -- - - ---- Major-General Robert Ross killed, and the command - devolved on Colonel Brooke, 44th - regiment -- - - ---- Attacked and defeated the American Army at - _Godly wood_ -- - - ---- Colonel Paterson, 21st regiment, commanded a - brigade and commended in the public despatches 41 - - ---- Attack on the town of Baltimore abandoned, - and the British troops re-embarked on board - the Fleet -- - - ---- Proceeded to Jamaica, and there reinforced by a strong - detachment from the second battalion -- - - ---- Re-embarked, and proceeded to make an attack - on _New Orleans_ -- - - 1815 Major-General Hon. Sir Edward Pakenham - killed, and many other officers and soldiers - killed, wounded, or made prisoners 42 - - 1815 The capture of New Orleans abandoned 43 - - ---- Capture of Fort Bowyer -- - - ---- Peace with America concluded -- - - ---- First battalion returned to the West Indies, and - thence to Portsmouth, and proceeded to - Cork -- - - ---- Napoleon Bonaparte returned to France, and - regained possession of that kingdom -- - - ---- The Battle of Waterloo took place -- - - ---- First battalion embarked from Ireland for - Ostend, and proceeded to join the army under - the command of Field-Marshal the Duke of - Wellington 44 - - ---- Formed part of the Army of Occupation in - France -- - - 1816 Second battalion disbanded at Stirling -- - - ---- Reviewed by Field-Marshal the Duke of Wellington -- - - ---- Appointment of Lieut.-General Lord Forbes, - from 54th regiment, to the Colonelcy, in - succession to General Hon. William Gordon, - deceased -- - - 1817 Proceeded to Calais, and embarked for England -- - - 1818 Marched to Portsmouth -- - - ---- Officers authorised to wear long coats -- - - 1819 Embarked for the West Indies -- - - ---- Received the particular thanks of Major-General - Lord Howard of Effingham, commanding at - Portsmouth, for its excellent qualities 45 - - ---- Landed at Barbadoes, and inspected by Lieut.-General - Lord Combermere -- - - 1821 Proceeded to Demerara 46 - - ---- Lieut.-Colonel J. M. Nooth died, and succeeded - by Lieut.-Colonel J. Leahy -- - - 1823 Insurrection among the negroes at Demerara -- - - 1823 Received the thanks of the Lieut.-General commanding - in the West Indies, of His Royal - Highness the Duke of York, and of His - Majesty King George IV., for its conduct in - suppressing this revolt 46 - - ---- Certain sums voted by the Court of Policy of - Demerara to the regiment, for its efficient - services on this occasion -- - - 1824 Removed to St. Vincent and Grenada -- - - 1827 Embarked for England 47 - - ---- Arrived at the Isle of Wight, marched to - Windsor, and furnished the duties at the - Castle -- - - 1828 Removed from Windsor to Portmouth -- - - ---- Marched to Bath and thence to Bristol -- - - ---- Embarked for Ireland -- - - 1831 Marched to Dublin, and embarked for England -- - - 1832 Removed to Chatham -- - - 1833 Embarked for New South Wales, by detachments, - as guards over convicts 48 - - 1839 Embarked from Hobart Town for the East - Indies -- - - ---- Arrived at Calcutta -- - - 1840 Removed to Dinapore -- - - 1843 Marched to Kamptee -- - - 1846 Removed to Agra -- - - 1847 Removed to Cawnpore, thence to Calcutta -- - - 1848 Embarked for England, and arrived at Gravesend 49 - - ---- Marched to Canterbury -- - - ---- Proceeded to Edinburgh -- - - 1849 Conclusion 50 - - - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS - -OF - -THE TWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT, - -OR - -THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. - - - YEAR PAGE - - 1678 Charles, Earl of Mar 51 - - 1686 Thomas Buchan 52 - - 1689 Francis Fergus O'Farrell -- - - 1695 Robert Mackay -- - - 1697 Archibald Row 53 - - 1704 John, Viscount Mordaunt -- - - 1706 Sampson De Lalo 54 - - 1709 John, Viscount Mordaunt--_Re-appointed_ -- - - 1710 Thomas Meredith 55 - - ---- Charles, Earl of Orrery, K.T. -- - - 1716 George Macartney 56 - - 1727 Sir James Wood -- - - 1738 John Campbell--afterwards Duke of Argyle -- - - 1752 William, Earl of Panmure 57 - - 1770 _Hon._ Alexander Mackay -- - - 1789 _Hon._ James Murray 58 - - 1794 James Hamilton 59 - - 1803 _Hon._ William Gordon -- - - 1816 James, Lord Forbes -- - - 1843 Right Hon. Sir Frederick Adam, G.C.B. 60 - - -APPENDIX. - - YEAR PAGE - - List of Battles, Sieges, &c., in the Netherlands, from - 1689 to the Peace of Ryswick in 1697, during the - reign of King William III. 61 - - List of Battles, Sieges, &c., in the Netherlands and - Germany, during the Campaigns under the Duke - of Marlborough, from 1702 to 1711 62 - - List of Battles, Sieges, &c., which occurred in Germany - and in the Netherlands, from 1743 to 1748, - during the "War of the Austrian Succession" 63 - - List of the British Regiments which served in Flanders - and Germany between 1742 and 1748, during - the "War of the Austrian Succession" 64 - - -PLATES. - - Colours of the Regiment _to face Page_ 1 - - Costume of the Regiment in 1742 " 24 - - Costume of the Regiment in 1849 " 50 - - - - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF - -THE TWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT OF FOOT, - -OR - -THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. - - -[Illustration: TWENTY FIRST REGIMENT. - -_Madeley lith 3 Wellington Street Strand_ - -THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. - -1742 - -_For Cannon's Military Records_] - - - - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF - -THE TWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT OF FOOT, - -OR - -THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. - - -[Sidenote: 1678] - -THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH REGIMENT OF FUSILIERS derives its origin -from the commotions in Scotland, during the reign of King Charles -II., who attempted to establish Episcopacy in that country; but -was opposed by the Presbyterians, who wished to adhere to their -religious institutions, and prosecutions being used in Scotland by -the Government, to enforce obedience, collisions occurred between -the inhabitants and the military, which were sometimes attended -with loss of life. Several Highland clans were called out, in 1678, -and quartered upon the Presbyterians, and in the autumn of the same -year a regiment of foot was added to the military establishment of -Scotland, of which Charles, Earl of Mar, was appointed Colonel, -by commission dated the 23rd of September, 1678: this corps, -having been retained in the service, now bears the title of -the TWENTY-FIRST Regiment of Foot, or the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH -FUSILIERS. - -Regiments of infantry, at this period, were generally armed with -pikes and muskets; but the practice was introduced of arming every -man, of a few select corps, with a fusil, or a light musket, and -these regiments were called FUSILIERS. The EARL OF MAR'S regiment -was one of the first corps which obtained this distinction. - -[Sidenote: 1679] - -[Sidenote: 1680] - -In the following year, Archbishop Sharp, who had become -particularly obnoxious to the non-conformists, was murdered. This -event was followed by severities against the Presbyterians, and a -meeting for public worship, at Loudon-hill, having been attacked -by a body of horse and dragoons, under Captain Robert Graham, of -Claverhouse, afterwards Viscount Dundee, the countrymen, being -numerous, and provided with arms, gained some advantage over the -military. The persons, who had thus committed themselves, resolved -to keep together in arms, and to seek by their valour, that redress -to which they considered themselves entitled. They were soon -augmented in numbers, and taking post behind the river Clyde, they -barricaded _Bothwell Bridge_. The EARL OF MAR'S regiment was called -upon to take the field against the insurgents, and it formed part -of the army, commanded by James, Duke of Monmouth, which attacked -the rebels on the 22nd of June, and gained a decisive victory. The -rebels made a feeble resistance on this occasion; twelve hundred -foot laid down their arms without striking a blow, and the other -divisions of their army fled in dismay; about four hundred were -killed by the King's troops in the pursuit, and the rebellion was -suppressed. Several parties, however, kept together in arms for -some time, and gave the military much trouble in that and the -following year. - -[Sidenote: 1685] - -In the early part of 1685, King Charles II. died, and was succeeded -by his brother, King James the Second of England, and Seventh -of Scotland. The King being a Roman Catholic, some disaffected -persons supposed the people would not submit to his government; -and the Earl of Argyle and the Duke of Monmouth, who were both in -exile on the Continent, for their political conduct, agreed to -raise the standard of rebellion,--the former in Scotland, and the -latter in England. The Earl of Argyle landed in Argyleshire in May, -and assembled a body of men; when the EARL OF MAR'S regiment was -again called into the field. The King's troops were commanded by -the Earl of Dumbarton; and on the night of the 19th of June, the -two armies encamped in sight of each other. The rebels attempted -to avoid an engagement, by a night march; but they were led into a -bog in the dark; alarm and disorder followed; and the insurgents, -proceeding some in one direction and some in another, left the Earl -of Argyle without an army; he was captured and executed. The Duke -of Monmouth met with a similar fate, and the rebellion in England -was suppressed without the EARL OF MAR'S regiment being required to -pass the border. - -[Sidenote: 1686] - -The Earl of Mar was succeeded in the colonelcy of the regiment, in -1686, by Colonel Thomas Buchan, from a regiment of horse. - -[Sidenote: 1688] - -When the attempts made by King James to establish papacy and -arbitrary government had alarmed his subjects, and the Prince of -Orange was preparing an armament for the invasion of England, -the regiment was one of the corps which marched from Scotland -to support the authority of the King; and in the early part of -November, 1688, it arrived in the vicinity of London, when it was -ordered to occupy quarters in Spitalfields and the Tower Hamlets. -The Prince of Orange landed on the 5th of November; King James -discovered that he had alienated the affections of his subjects, -both civil and military, and he fled to France. Colonel BUCHAN'S -regiment was ordered, by the Prince of Orange, to occupy quarters -at Witney, in Oxfordshire. - -[Sidenote: 1689] - -The Prince and Princess of Orange were elevated to the Throne by -the titles of King William and Queen Mary; and Colonel Buchan -having adhered to the interests of King James, King William -conferred the colonelcy of the regiment on Colonel Francis Fergus -O'Farrell, by commission dated the 1st of March, 1689. - -From Oxfordshire, the regiment marched to Gravesend, where it -embarked for Holland, and joining the Dutch army commanded by -Prince Waldeck, served the campaign of that year with the division -under the Earl (afterwards Duke) of Marlborough. The regiment took -part in a sharp action with the French troops, commanded by Marshal -d'Humières, at _Walcourt_, in the province of Namur, on the 25th of -August, on which occasion the French were repulsed in their attacks -on the allied army, with considerable loss. - -[Sidenote: 1690] - -The regiment passed the winter in Flanders, and in the summer of -1690 again took the field; it was on its march for Brussels on the -21st of June, in order to join the allied army; but Prince Waldeck -engaged the French at Fleurus, without waiting for the arrival of -the British troops, and was defeated. This disaster occasioned the -services of the army to be limited to defensive operations during -the remainder of the campaign. - -[Sidenote: 1691] - -In March, 1691, the regiment was encamped at Halle, in South -Brabant, and formed in brigade with the second battalion of the -Royals; the French besieged Mons, and the allies were too few in -numbers to prevent the capture of the place by the enemy. After -the surrender of Mons, the regiment was placed in quarters until -May, when it encamped near Brussels, and was formed in brigade with -the Royals, and the Scots regiments of Mackay, Ramsay, and Angus, -under the orders of Brigadier-General Ramsay. - -In a list of the army in Flanders, printed in July, 1691, the -regiment is styled "O'FARRELL'S FUSILIERS;" and its uniform is -stated to be _red, faced and lined with the same colour_. - -At the termination of the campaign, the regiment was again placed -in winter-quarters. - -[Sidenote: 1692] - -A numerous French army appeared in the Netherlands in the spring of -1692, and besieged Namur; when O'FARRELL'S FUSILIERS were called -from their quarters, and advanced with the army, commanded by King -William III., to the relief of the place; but the march having -been delayed by heavy rains, the garrison surrendered on the 20th -of June. A few days afterwards, a detachment of the regiment was -employed in an attempt to surprise Mons; but the garrison was found -prepared. On this occasion, Colonel Sir Robert Douglas and Colonel -O'Farrell, having proceeded a short distance to consult with the -Prince of Wirtemberg, who commanded the party, mistook their way -in the dark, and were made prisoners by a detachment of French -cavalry: they were released on paying the regulated ransom. - -O'FARRELL'S FUSILIERS formed part of the advance-guard at the -battle of _Steenkirk_ on the 3rd of August; and were severely -engaged with the superior numbers of the enemy under the Duke of -Luxembourg. The regiment distinguished itself on this occasion, and -sustained the loss of many brave officers and soldiers. D'Auvergne -states, in his history of this campaign,--"Our van-guard behaved -in this engagement to such wonder and admiration, that though -they received the charge of several battalions of the enemy, one -after another, yet they made them retreat almost to their camp." -The corps in advance were not supported in time to enable them to -persevere in their career of victory; and King William commanded -the army to retreat. - -The regiment had Major Keith, Captains White, Cygnoe, Mackenzie, -and Sharp, Lieutenants Charles King and Edward Griffith killed; -and Lieutenant Newton wounded. The regiment was not engaged in any -service of importance during the remainder of the campaign, and it -passed the winter at Ghent. - -[Sidenote: 1693] - -Again taking the field in the summer of 1693, the NORTH BRITISH -FUSILIERS were formed in brigade with the regiments of Leven -(twenty-fifth), Monro (twenty-sixth), Mackay, and Lander -(afterwards disbanded), under the command of Brigadier-General -Ramsay, and, after taking part in several manœuvres, were engaged -at the battle of _Landen_ on the 29th of July. At sunrise on the -morning of that day, a French force of very superior numbers, -commanded by the Duke of Luxembourg, appeared before the position -occupied by the confederate army under King William III., when the -NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS, and other regiments of their brigade, were -ordered to occupy some hedges and narrow roads, beyond the village -of Laer, on the right of the line. This village, and the ground -occupied by General Ramsay's brigade, being attacked by a numerous -body of the enemy, the NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS were engaged in a -sharp musketry battle in the fields and open grounds. At length the -Third foot, and other corps in the village of Laer, were forced to -retire; but they rallied, and, being joined by Brigadier-General -Ramsay's brigade, the whole charged, and by a gallant effort -recaptured the village; the NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS distinguished -themselves on the occasion. The French afterwards carried the -village of Neer-Winden, and forced the position; the regiments at -Laer then became separated from the main body of the confederate -army; they gallantly defended their post some time, and eventually -retired, fighting, to the Gheet, forded that river, and joined -several corps which had crossed the bridge of Neer-Hespen. The army -was retreating, and the NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS accompanied King -William to the vicinity of Tirlemont. The regiment had Captains -Campbell and Strayton, Lieutenants Douglas and Dunbar, and Adjutant -Walle wounded; Captain Paterson taken prisoner; also a number of -soldiers killed, wounded, and prisoners. - -At the end of the campaign, the regiment was placed in garrison at -Bruges. - -[Sidenote: 1694] - -During the summer of 1694, the regiment performed many long marches -in Brabant and Flanders; but was not engaged with the enemy, and in -the autumn it marched to Deinse. - -This year the King commanded a board of General Officers to -assemble and decide upon the rank of the several corps of the army. -This board gave precedence to the English regiments, and gave the -Scots and Irish regiments rank in the English army from the date -of their first arrival in England, or from the date when they -were first placed on the English establishment. The NORTH BRITISH -FUSILIERS, not having entered England until the Revolution in 1688, -received rank as TWENTY-FIRST regiment. Numerical titles were not -generally used until the reign of King George II. - -[Sidenote: 1695] - -When the army took the field to serve the campaign of 1695, the -TWENTY-FIRST were left in garrison at Deinse, where some stores of -provision were formed. King William undertook the siege of Namur, -and the regiment was directed to join the covering army under -the Prince of Vaudemont; but it subsequently returned to Deinse, -of which place its colonel, Brigadier-General O'Farrell, was -commandant. - -The French commander, Marshal Villeroy, detached a strong body -of troops, under the Marquis of Feuqueres, to reduce the town of -_Deinse_ where the NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS were stationed. This -town was situate on the river Lys; it was only slightly fortified, -and in many places there was only an entrenchment and some -palisades as defensive works; eight pieces of cannon were the only -ordnance in the town. Under these circumstances Brigadier-General -O'Farrell considered it impossible to make a successful defence -of the place, and he surrendered on the 21st of July without -having fired a shot. The FUSILIERS became prisoners of war on this -occasion. - -Brigadier-General O'Farrell was afterwards tried by a general -court-martial, and cashiered: and King William conferred the -colonelcy of the regiment on Colonel Robert Mackay, from a Scots -corps, which was afterwards disbanded. - -After the surrender of Namur, the regiment rejoined the allied -army, and was again stationed at Bruges. - -[Sidenote: 1696] - -From Bruges the regiment proceeded to the camp at Marykirk, and it -served the campaign of 1696 with the army of Brabant: in the autumn -it went into village cantonments. - -[Sidenote: 1697] - -In December, Colonel Robert Mackay died; and on the 1st of January, -1697, King William conferred the colonelcy of the regiment on -Lieut.-Colonel Archibald Row, from the Sixteenth foot. - -Quitting its village quarters on the 13th of March, 1697, the -regiment entered upon the operations of another campaign. While -the troops were in the field, negotiations for a general peace -commenced at Ryswick, and the treaty was signed in September. -Thus the British monarch witnessed his efforts for the liberties -of Europe, and for the preservation of the balance of power in -Christendom, attended with success. - -The regiment returned to Scotland during the winter, and was -stationed there during the remainder of King William's reign. - -[Sidenote: 1702] - -Queen Anne succeeded to the throne on the 8th of March, 1702; and -the French monarch, having violated the conditions of existing -treaties, by procuring the accession of his grandson, Philip, Duke -of Anjou, to the throne of Spain, war was declared against France -soon afterwards. At the commencement of hostilities the NORTH -BRITISH FUSILIERS were selected to proceed on foreign service, -and they embarked from Scotland for Holland, to serve with the -allied army commanded by the Earl of Marlborough. The regiment did -not join the army immediately on its arrival in Holland, but was -stationed some time at Breda, and in September it marched towards -Flanders. - -[Sidenote: 1703] - -Quitting its winter-quarters in April, 1703, the regiment marched -towards Maestricht, where the allied army was assembled, and -the second battalion of the Royals, with the Tenth, Sixteenth, -TWENTY-FIRST, and Twenty-Sixth regiments, were formed in brigade, -under Brigadier-General the Earl of Derby. - -The regiment took part in the operations of the campaign, and its -services were connected with the reduction of _Huy_, a strong -fortress on the Maese, above the city of Liege, which was besieged -and captured in ten days. The regiment was afterwards detached from -the main army, to take part in the capture of _Limburg_, a city of -the Spanish Netherlands, situate on a pleasant eminence near the -banks of the Wesdet. The siege of this place was commenced on the -10th of September, and the NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS were employed -in carrying on the approaches, and in making the attacks; and in -seventeen days the garrison surrendered at discretion. - -[Sidenote: 1704] - -In October the regiment marched back to Holland, where it was -stationed during the winter. - -From Holland the regiment marched, in the months of May and June, -1704, to the interior of Germany, to arrest the progress of the -French and Bavarians, who had gained considerable advantage over -the Imperialists. A junction was formed with the Germans under -the Margrave of Baden; and on the 2nd of July the NORTH BRITISH -FUSILIERS took part in the attack of the enemy's position on the -lofty heights of _Schellenberg_ on the north bank of the Danube; -when the entrenchments were carried, and the French and Bavarians, -commanded by the Count d'Arco, were driven from their post with -severe loss. - -The regiment had a few private soldiers killed and wounded; also -Captain Kygoe, Lieutenants Johnston and John Campbell, wounded. - -After this victory the regiment penetrated the Electorate of -Bavaria to the vicinity of the enemy's fortified camp at Augsburg, -which was found too strong to be attacked with any prospect of -success, and the army retired a few stages to undertake the siege -of Ingoldstadt. At the same time a numerous reinforcement of French -troops arrived at the theatre of war. - -These events were followed by the battle of _Blenheim_, on the -13th of August, when the French and Bavarians, commanded by -Marshal Tallard and the Elector of Bavaria, were overpowered by -the allies under the Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of -Savoy, and a victory was gained which reflected lustre on the -British arms. The NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS were selected to lead the -attack against the French troops in the village of BLENHEIM, and -their colonel, Brigadier-General Row, placed himself at the head -of his regiment, which was followed by four other corps. In the -Annals of Queen Anne it is stated--"The five English battalions, -led on by Brigadier-General Row, who charged on foot at the head -of his own regiment with unparalleled intrepidity, assaulted the -village of Blenheim, advancing to the very muzzles of the enemy's -muskets, and some of the officers exchanged thrusts of swords -through the palisades;"--but the avenues of the village were found -strongly fortified, and defended by a force of superior numbers. -Brigadier-General Row led the NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS up to the -palisades before he gave the word "fire," and the next moment he -fell mortally wounded; Lieut.-Colonel Dalyel and Major Campbell, -being both on the spot, stepped forward to raise their colonel, -and were both instantly pierced by musket-balls; the soldiers, -exasperated at seeing the three field officers of the regiment -fall, made a gallant effort to force their way into the village, -but this was found impossible, and the regiment was ordered to -retire. The moment the soldiers faced about, thirteen squadrons -of French cavalry galloped forward to charge them, and one of the -colours of the regiment was captured by the enemy; but the French -horsemen were repulsed by the fire of a brigade of Hessians, and -the colour was recovered. - -Another attempt to capture the village of Blenheim having failed, -the firing was continued against this post, and the army advanced -against the enemy's line, which was driven from the field with -great slaughter, and the loss of its cannon, and of many officers -and soldiers made prisoners, among whom was the French commander, -Marshal Tallard. Additional forces were then brought against the -French troops in Blenheim, and they surrendered prisoners of war. -The Germans, who attacked the enemy's right, were also victorious; -and the gallant achievements of the allied army raised on the banks -of the Danube a trophy which time cannot destroy. - -The regiment had Lieut.-Colonel Dalyel, Captain Stratton, jun., -Captain Stratton, senior, Lieutenants Vandergracht, Hill, Campbell, -and Travallion killed; Brigadier-General Row and Major Campbell -died of their wounds; Captains Craufurd and Fairlee, Lieutenants -Dunbar, J. Douglas, Elliott, Ogilvy, Maxwell, Stuart, Primrose, and -Gordon wounded. - -The number of the enemy captured on this occasion was so great, -that the NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS, and four other corps, were sent -to Holland in charge of prisoners. These corps marched in charge of -the captured French and Bavarians to Mentz, where they embarked in -boats and sailed to Holland, under the orders of Brigadier-General -Fergusson; and having delivered them into the charge of other -regiments, went into quarters. - -[Sidenote: 1705] - -The colonelcy of the regiment was conferred on John, Viscount -Mordaunt, who had distinguished himself at the head of the foot -guards which commenced the attack on the heights of Schellenberg. -A number of recruits from Scotland having replaced the losses of -the preceding campaign, the regiment appeared complete and in good -order when it took the field to serve the campaign of 1705. It was -employed in the expedition up the Moselle: and returning to the -Netherlands, was afterwards engaged at the forcing of the French -lines at _Helixem_ and _Neer Hespen_, on the morning of the 18th of -July, when the superior tactics of the British Commander, and the -gallantry of his troops, were very conspicuous. - -[Sidenote: 1706] - -The regiment had also the honor to take part in gaining another -splendid victory over the combined French, Spanish, and Bavarian -forces, at _Ramilies_, on Whit-Sunday, the 23rd of May, 1706. -During the early part of the action the NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS, -the Third foot, and three regiments of cavalry, were stationed on -the heights of Foulz, where they had a view of the field of battle. -An important crisis in the battle arriving, these corps descended -from the heights,--the FUSILIERS and Third Foot forced their way -through a morass, crossed the Little Gheet, ascended the acclivity -between that river and the Jauche, and charging the enemy's left -flank, forced three French regiments into some low grounds, where -the greater part of them were either killed or taken prisoners. The -allies were successful at every part of the field, and the legions -of the enemy were overpowered, and pursued from the plains of -Ramilies with great slaughter until the following morning, by which -time nearly all the enemy's cannon, with many standards, colours, -and kettle-drums, had been captured. - -This victory augmented the reputation of the British arms; and was -followed by very important results. Spanish Brabant, and many of -the principal towns of Flanders, were rescued from the power of the -enemy. The services of the regiment are connected with the capture -of Ostend, Menin, and Aeth; and it passed the winter in garrison in -Flanders. - -In June of this year Viscount Mordaunt exchanged with Colonel -Sampson de Lalo, a French gentleman of the Protestant religion, who -had been forced to quit his native country by the Edict of Nantes; -Colonel de Lalo had served as Lieut.-Colonel and Colonel of the -Twenty-eighth regiment several years, and had the reputation of -being an excellent officer. - -[Sidenote: 1707] - -During the campaign of 1707, the services of the regiment were -limited to marches and occupying positions; and it passed the -winter in West Flanders. - -The Union of Scotland and England took place this year, which -occasioned St. George's cross to be added to the colours of the -Scots regiments, and St. Andrew's cross to the colours of the -English regiments. The corps, previously designated _Scots_ -regiments, took the title of _North British_ regiments. - -[Sidenote: 1708] - -In May, 1708, the regiment again took the field, and on the 11th -of July it had an opportunity of acquiring fresh laurels at the -battle of _Oudenarde_, which was fought in the broken grounds near -the river Scheldt. On this occasion the regiment was engaged in -a severe musketry action, and it succeeded in driving the French -corps opposed to it from field to field, until the darkness of the -night put an end to the conflict. Before the following morning the -wreck of the French army had retreated in disorder towards Ghent. - -After this victory, the siege of _Lisle_, the capital of French -Flanders, was resolved upon. This fortress was deemed almost -impregnable; it was garrisoned by fifteen thousand men, commanded -by Marshal Boufflers, who resolved upon making a desperate defence. -The NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS were selected to take part in the -attack of this important fortress, under the orders of Prince -Eugene of Savoy; the covering army was commanded by the Duke of -Marlborough. The regiment had several men killed and wounded in -carrying on the approaches, and at the attack of the counterscarp -it had thirteen men killed; three officers, four serjeants, and -sixty-six rank and file wounded. The progress of this siege was a -subject of peculiar interest throughout Europe; and the besieging -army witnessed its extraordinary efforts for the capture of the -place, attended by complete success, on the 9th of December, when -the citadel surrendered. - -[Sidenote: 1709] - -Having reposed a few months in quarters, and received a body of -fine recruits from Scotland, the regiment joined the army, and was -employed in covering the siege of _Tournay_, in July and August, -1709. The citadel of Tournay surrendered in the beginning of -September, and the army afterwards marched in the direction of Mons. - -A numerous French army, commanded by Marshals Villars and -Boufflers, took up a position at _Malplaquet_, and strengthened -the post by entrenchments and other works of art. The Duke of -Marlborough and Prince Eugene had confidence in the valour and -perseverance of the troops under their orders, and they attacked -the enemy's formidable position on the 11th of September, on -which occasion the heroic valour of the troops was conspicuous; -the enemy's entrenchments and _abatis-de-bois_ were stormed with -distinguished gallantry, the determined resistance of the French -was overcome, and another trophy was acquired; but with the loss -of many brave officers and soldiers, including the Colonel of the -NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS, Brigadier-General DE LALO, who was killed -at the head of a brigade, and his fall was much regretted. - -In addition to the loss of its Colonel, the regiment had also -Captains Monroe, Wemys, and Farley killed; Captains Montressor and -Lowther wounded. - -After the death of Brigadier-General de Lalo, Viscount Mordaunt was -re-appointed on the 4th of September to the colonelcy of the NORTH -BRITISH FUSILIERS, from the Twenty-eighth regiment. - -The regiment was afterwards employed in covering the siege of -_Mons_, which was terminated by the surrender of the garrison on -the 20th of October; when the regiment marched into quarters. - -[Sidenote: 1710] - -On the 14th of April, 1710, the regiment marched out of its -winter-quarters towards the frontiers of France, and was -engaged in the movements by which the French lines were passed -at _Pont-à-Vendin_: it was afterwards selected to take part in -the siege of _Douay_, where it performed much severe service. -It was employed in carrying on the approaches, in storming the -outworks, and other duties connected with the siege, and sustained -considerable loss in killed and wounded. The garrison beat a parley -on the 25th of June, and afterwards surrendered the fortress. - -After the capture of Douay, the regiment was employed in covering -the siege of _Bethune_, which place was surrendered in August. The -regiment was also with the covering army during the sieges of _St. -Venant_ and _Aire_; the former place surrendered on the 30th of -September, and the latter on the 9th of November. - -Viscount Mordaunt died this year, and was succeeded in the -colonelcy by Major-General Meredith, from the Thirty-seventh -regiment. This officer was succeeded, in December, by Major-General -the Earl of Orrery, from a newly-raised regiment, which was -afterwards disbanded. - -[Sidenote: 1711] - -After passing the winter in quarters at Dendermond, the regiment -joined the army in May, 1711, and it took part in the movements -by which the boasted impregnable French lines were passed at -_Arleux_ on the 5th of August. The regiment was afterwards employed -in the siege of _Bouchain_, in which service obstacles of the -greatest magnitude had to be overcome, and the abilities of the -commanders, with the valour of the troops, were put to a severe -test. These qualities were found in the besieging army; on more -than one occasion the soldiers fought up to their middle in water, -and by a gallant perseverance, which reflected honor on all the -corps engaged in the siege, every difficulty was overcome; and the -garrison surrendered on the 13th of September. - -[Sidenote: 1712] - -The regiment joined the army commanded by the Duke of Ormond, in -the campaign of 1712, and advanced to the frontiers of Picardy; -but a suspension of hostilities was soon afterwards proclaimed, -preparatory to a general peace, when the British army marched to -Ghent, and afterwards went into quarters. - -[Sidenote: 1713] - -A treaty of peace was concluded at Utrecht, and the soldiers of -the NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS could look back with exultation at -the career of victory and honor which had attended their corps -during these memorable campaigns. At this period the regiment is -designated by historians, and in official documents, by the title -of the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS; but the date when this -honorary distinction of "ROYAL" was conferred upon it, has not been -ascertained. - -[Sidenote: 1714] - -The ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS were stationed in Flanders until -the decease of Queen Anne, on the 1st of August, 1714, and the -accession of King George I., when they were ordered to embark for -England. They landed at Gravesend on the 23rd of August, and were -afterwards directed to march to Scotland. - -[Sidenote: 1715] - -In 1715 the Earl of Mar[6] erected the standard of rebellion -in Scotland, and summoned the Highland clans to aid him in -establishing the Pretender on the throne. The ROYAL NORTH BRITISH -FUSILIERS were encamped at Stirling, under the command of the -Duke of Argyle, and advanced with the Royal army to _Dumblain_, -to defeat the attempts of the enemy to march southward. On the -morning of the 13th of November the two armies confronted each -other on _Sheriff-muir_. On the approach of the clans, it was -found necessary for the Royal forces to change position, and this -movement was executed at a critical time with steadiness; but -several corps were suddenly attacked by the clans while in the act -of forming, and suffered severely. The left wing of the rebel army -was overpowered, and driven from the field with great slaughter; -and the left wing of the Royal army was also forced to retire; thus -each commander had one wing victorious, and one wing defeated: the -rebels were prevented marching southward, and retired; and the -King's troops returned to their camp at Stirling. - -The regiment had one captain, two lieutenants, three serjeants, and -eighty-five rank and file killed; one captain, one serjeant, and -twenty-four rank and file wounded. - -[Sidenote: 1716] - -Reinforcements having arrived, the King's troops advanced, in -January, 1716, to attack the insurgents, who made a precipitate -retreat. The Pretender, and several leaders in the rebellion, -escaped to the Continent, and the clans separated. The rebellion -was thus suppressed. - -In July of this year the Earl of Orrery was succeeded in the -colonelcy of the regiment by Colonel George Macartney, whose -regiment of foot had been disbanded at the peace of Utrecht. - -[Sidenote: 1727] - -The regiment was employed on home service many years; and in 1727 -it was held in readiness to embark for Holland, to aid the Dutch in -their approaching war with the Emperor of Germany; but the presence -of British troops was not required. - -In the same year Colonel Macartney was removed to the Seventh -horse, now Sixth Dragoon Guards, and the colonelcy of the ROYAL -NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS was conferred on Brigadier-General Sir -James Wood, from the Dutch service. - -[Sidenote: 1728] - -[Sidenote: 1729] - -The order for embarking for Holland having been countermanded, the -regiment afterwards proceeded to Ireland, and was placed upon the -establishment of that country. - -[Sidenote: 1738] - -Major-General Sir James Wood died in 1738, and King George II. -nominated Colonel John Campbell, afterwards Duke of Argyle, to -the colonelcy of the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS, from the -Thirty-ninth regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1739] - -[Sidenote: 1740] - -[Sidenote: 1741] - -War having been declared against Spain, in the autumn of 1739, the -regiment was withdrawn from Ireland, and landing at Liverpool, was -stationed in South Britain during the year 1740; in the summer of -1741 it was encamped on Lexden Heath, where seven regiments of -cavalry and seven of infantry were assembled, and held in readiness -for foreign service. - -[Sidenote: 1742] - -In the summer of 1742 King George II. sent sixteen thousand men to -Flanders, to support the interest of the House of Austria against -the aggressions of France and Bavaria: the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH -FUSILIERS formed part of this force, and were stationed some time -at Ghent. - -[Sidenote: 1743] - -Early in 1743 the regiment commenced its march for Germany, and -after taking part in several movements in the field, had the honor -to distinguish itself, under the eye of its Sovereign, at the -battle of _Dettingen_, on the 27th of June, when the French troops, -under Marshal Noailles, were driven from the field of battle with -great slaughter, and the loss of a number of standards and colours. - -The ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS had Lieutenant Yonge, one -serjeant, and thirty-five rank and file killed; Lieutenant -Levingstone, one serjeant, two drummers, and fifty-three rank and -file wounded. - -The regiment was afterwards encamped near Hanau; in August it -crossed the Rhine, and was employed in West Germany; but in the -autumn it returned to Flanders. - -[Sidenote: 1744] - -During the campaign of 1744 the regiment served with the army -under Field-Marshal Wade; it was encamped between Asche and Alost, -afterwards on the banks of the Scheldt, and subsequently penetrated -the French territory to the vicinity of Lisle; but returned to -Ghent for winter-quarters. - -[Sidenote: 1745] - -Quitting its cantonments in April, 1745, the regiment marched, with -the army commanded by His Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland, -to the relief of _Tournay_, which fortress was besieged by a -numerous French army, which took up a position near the village of -_Fontenoy_. The enemy had a great superiority of numbers; but the -Duke of Cumberland, trusting to the innate bravery of his troops, -resolved to hazard a general engagement on the 11th of May, when -the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS had their valour and endurance -put to a severe test, and they proved themselves not unworthy -successors of the gallant officers and soldiers who triumphed at -_Blenheim_ and _Ramilies_ under the great Duke of Marlborough. - -Soon after nine o'clock the British infantry advanced in the face -of a heavy fire of grape and musketry, and by a gallant charge -broke through the French lines; but the Dutch failed to carry -the village of _Fontenoy_, and a brigade under Brigadier-General -Ingoldsby did not capture the battery it was appointed to attack; -the troops, which had forced the enemy's centre, were thus exposed -to so severe a cross fire, that they were ordered to retire. -A second attack was made; British valour and intrepidity were -again triumphant; but the failure of the Dutch a second time, -produced disastrous results, and the British regiments, which had -carried the enemy's entrenchments, and forced the centre, were -nearly annihilated by a destructive cross fire. The ROYAL NORTH -BRITISH FUSILIERS suffered severely on this occasion. The Duke of -Cumberland afterwards ordered a retreat, and the army withdrew from -the field of battle to Aeth. - -Lieutenants Campbell, Houston, and Serjeant, of the regiment, were -killed; Major Colville, Captains Latan, Olivant, and Knatchbull, -Lieutenants Maxwell, Colville, Ballenden, Macgaken, and Townsend, -wounded; Captain Sandilands, Lieutenant Stuart, and Quarter-Master -Stewart prisoners; eleven serjeants and two hundred and fifty-nine -rank and file killed, wounded, and prisoners. - -The severe loss which the regiment had experienced occasioned it -to be placed in garrison at _Ostend_. This place was besieged by -a numerous French force; and the garrison defended their post -some time; but the works were not in repair, the stores were -defective, and the garrison not sufficiently numerous: under these -circumstances the governor surrendered, on condition that the -garrison should join the allied army. - -While the regiment was in Flanders, Charles Edward, eldest son of -the Pretender, arrived in Scotland, and being joined by a number -of Highland clans, he made a desperate attempt to overturn the -existing government, and establish his father's authority in -the kingdom. The ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS were ordered to -return to England; they arrived in the river Thames on the 4th of -November, and after landing, marched northward: the efficiency of -the regiment was increased by a body of fine recruits enlisted in -Scotland. - -[Sidenote: 1746] - -The regiment arrived at Edinburgh in January, 1746, and advanced -with the army commanded by the Duke of Cumberland, towards -Stirling, when the young Pretender raised the siege of Stirling -castle and made a precipitate retreat. The pursuit was retarded -by severe weather; but the army continued its advance when the -season permitted, and on the 16th of April encountered the -clans on _Culloden_ moor. The regiment was in the front line on -this occasion, and took part in repulsing the attacks of the -Highlanders, and in driving them from the field of battle with -great slaughter. This victory proved decisive, and the rebellion -was suppressed. - -The loss of the regiment was limited to seven private soldiers -killed and wounded. It was encamped a short time at Inverness, and -afterwards removed to Glasgow. - -[Sidenote: 1747] - -From Scotland, the regiment was again removed to the theatre of the -war in the Netherlands, where it arrived in time to take part in -the operations of the campaign of 1747; and it was engaged at the -battle of _Val_, on the 2nd of July. On this occasion the allied -army was very inferior in numbers to the enemy, and although the -gallantry of the British infantry was very conspicuous throughout -the action, the Duke of Cumberland was obliged to order a retreat -to Maestricht. - -Eight rank and file of the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS were -killed; one serjeant and fifteen rank and file were wounded; and -five men missing. - -[Sidenote: 1748] - -The regiment was again in the field in the summer of 1748. -Hostilities were this year terminated by the treaty of -Aix-la-Chapelle, and during the winter the regiment returned to -England.[7] - -[Sidenote: 1751] - -In the Royal Warrant, issued on the 1st of July, 1751, for ensuring -uniformity in the clothing, standards, and colours of the army, the -following directions are given for the TWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT, OR -THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS:-- - -"In the centre of their colours, the THISTLE within the CIRCLE OF -ST. ANDREW, and the CROWN over it; and in the three corners of the -second colour, the KING'S CIPHER AND CROWN. - -"On the grenadier caps, the THISTLE as on the colours; the WHITE -HORSE, and motto over it, _Nec aspera terrent_, on the flap. On the -drums and bells of arms, the THISTLE and CROWN to be painted, as -on the colours, with the rank of the regiment underneath." - -During the period the regiment was stationed in England, where it -remained until 1751, it received the commendations of His Royal -Highness the Duke of Cumberland, on account of its good conduct in -quarters, and of its former gallantry in the field. - -The TWENTY-FIRST regiment embarked for Gibraltar towards the end of -the year 1751, in order to relieve the Eighth, or King's Regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1752] - -Lieut.-General Campbell was removed to the Scots Greys, and -King George II. nominated Colonel the Earl of Panmure, from the -Twenty-fifth regiment, to the colonelcy of the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH -FUSILIERS, by commission dated the 29th of April, 1752. - -[Sidenote: 1760] - -The regiment remained at Gibraltar until 1760, when it was relieved -from duty at that fortress, and returned to England. - -[Illustration: _Madeley lith 3 Wellington S^t. Strand._ - -XXI. - -THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. - -1742 - -_For Cannon's Military Records._] - -[Sidenote: 1761] - -In the meantime another war had commenced between Great Britain and -France, and in 1761 the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS, mustering -eight hundred men, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Edward -Maxwell, sailed with the expedition under Major-General Hodgson, -for the attack of the French island in the Bay of Biscay, called -_Belle-Isle_. The fleet appeared before the island on the 7th of -April; but the coast was found like a vast fortress,--the little -which nature had left undone by rocks and crags, having been -supplied by art. A landing was, however, effected on the following -day; the TWENTY-FIRST was one of the regiments which leaped on -shore, and stormed the works of Port Andro, under a heavy fire of -cannon and musketry; the works were found too steep to be ascended, -and although the officers and soldiers made a gallant effort, -one attempting to lift another up, it was found impossible to -succeed, and they were ordered to return on board of the fleet. The -regiment had three serjeants, one drummer, and eight rank and file -killed; eight rank and file wounded; Lieutenants Innis and Ramage, -and thirty-five rank and file, prisoners;--many of the officers and -soldiers taken prisoners were severely wounded, and were unable to -return on board of the fleet when the order was given to retire. - -A landing was effected on the 22nd of April at a rugged spot near -Point Lomaria, where the difficult ascent had occasioned the -enemy to be less attentive to that part of the coast; and the -troops, under Brigadier-General Lambert, having landed, gained -the summit of the rock, and repulsed the attempts of the enemy to -dislodge them,--capturing three brass field-pieces. The cannon -was afterwards landed from the ships, and dragged up the rocks; -the lines which covered the town of Palais were captured, and the -siege of the citadel commenced. The ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS -took part in the siege of the _Citadel_ of _Belle-Isle_, which was -prosecuted with so much vigour, that the governor, the Chevalier de -St. Croix, was forced to surrender on the 7th of June. The capture -of the island was thus effected, with the loss of about eighteen -hundred men killed and wounded. - -[Sidenote: 1762] - -[Sidenote: 1763] - -[Sidenote: 1764] - -After the surrender of the Castle of Belle-Isle, the regiment -returned to England, where it was stationed in 1762; and in 1763 -and 1764 it occupied quarters in Scotland. - -[Sidenote: 1765] - -[Sidenote: 1770] - -On the 6th of May, 1765, the regiment embarked for America, and was -quartered five years in West Florida; in 1770, it was removed to -Canada, and was stationed some time at Quebec. - -In November, 1770, Lieut.-General the Earl of Panmure was removed -to the Scots Greys, and was succeeded in the colonelcy of the ROYAL -NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS by Major-General the Honorable Alexander -Mackay, from the Sixty-fifth regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1772] - -[Sidenote: 1773] - -[Sidenote: 1774] - -Having been relieved from duty at Quebec, in 1772, the regiment -embarked for England, where it was stationed in 1773 and the two -following years. - -[Sidenote: 1775] - -The American war commenced in 1775, and during the winter of that -year Quebec was besieged by an American force. - -[Sidenote: 1776] - -In the spring of 1776, the regiment embarked for the relief of -_Quebec_; on the arrival of the British reinforcement to the -garrison, the Americans raised the siege, and made a precipitate -retreat; they were pursued up the country, and driven from all the -posts which they occupied in that province. After these services -were performed, the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS were quartered at -St. John's, where they were stationed during the winter. - -[Sidenote: 1777] - -The regiment was called into active operations in the spring of -1777, with the armament commanded by Lieut.-General Burgoyne; it -embarked in boats on Lake Champlain, and sailed to Crown Point, -where the troops halted three days, and afterwards proceeded -against Ticonderago; but the Americans quitted the fort without -hazarding the events of a siege. The regiment returned on board -of the flotilla, and sailing along the lake, arrived, about three -o'clock on the afternoon of the 6th of July, within three miles of -Skenesborough, where the Americans had a stockaded fort. The Ninth, -Twentieth, and TWENTY-FIRST regiments leaped on shore, and ascended -the mountains, to get behind the fort and cut off the retreat of -the garrison; but the Americans made a precipitate retreat, and -escaped with the loss of a few men made prisoners. - -On the 8th of July, the regiment was detached towards Fort Anne, to -support the Ninth, who were attacked by an American force of very -superior numbers. The enemy was repulsed, and retreated towards -Fort Edward. - -To follow up these advantages proved a difficult undertaking; trees -and other obstacles had to be removed; creeks and marshes had to be -crossed; forty bridges had to be constructed; but by great exertion -these difficulties were overcome, and on the 30th of July, the army -arrived at the bank of the Hudson's River, which was crossed by a -bridge of boats on the 13th and 14th of September, and on the 19th -the army advanced against the Americans, in position on an island -called Still-Water, when a severe action was fought. Lieut.-General -Burgoyne stated in his public despatch,--"About three o'clock, the -action began by a very vigorous attack on the British line, and was -continued with great obstinacy until after sunset; the enemy being -constantly supplied with fresh troops. The stress lay upon the -Twentieth, TWENTY-FIRST, and Sixty-second regiments, most parts of -which were engaged nearly four hours without intermission.... Just -as night closed, the enemy gave ground on all sides, and left us -completely masters of the field of battle." - -Several other actions occurred, and the regiment sustained -considerable loss in killed and wounded; among the former were -Lieutenants Currie, Mackenzie, Robertson, and Turnbull; and among -the latter Captain Ramsay, and Lieutenant Richardson. - -The circumstances under which the troops commanded by -Lieut.-General Burgoyne eventually became placed, assumed a -desperate character; their numbers were reduced to about three -thousand five hundred men able to bear arms; they were environed -by sixteen thousand Americans; their retreat cut off, and they -were short of provisions. Under these accumulated difficulties, -they agreed to lay down their arms on condition of being sent to -England, and of not serving again in North America during the war. -These conditions were, however, violated by the American Congress, -and the troops were detained some time in the provinces. - -[Sidenote: 1781] - -The TWENTY-FIRST regiment having been liberated returned to Europe, -and in 1781 it was stationed in Scotland, recruiting its numbers. - -[Sidenote: 1782] - -At the termination of the American war, in 1782, the regiment was -placed on the peace establishment; and in 1783 it proceeded to -Ireland. - -[Sidenote: 1789] - -The regiment remained in Ireland until the spring of 1789, when it -embarked from Cork for Nova Scotia, and landing at Halifax, was -stationed in the British provinces in North America nearly four -years. - -Lieut.-General the Honorable Alexander Mackay died in 1789, and the -colonelcy of the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS was conferred on -General the Honorable James Murray, from the Thirteenth regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1793] - -While the regiment was in North America a revolution took place -in France, and republican principles were extended to the French -West India islands, where the inhabitants of colour rose in arms -against the European settlers, many of whom sought protection from -Great Britain. Under these circumstances the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH -FUSILIERS were removed to the West Indies in the spring of 1793. - -The French royalists of _Martinique_ sent pressing applications for -assistance, and Major-General Bruce, commanding the British troops -in the West Indies, was induced to proceed with a small force to -their aid. The TWENTY-FIRST were employed on this service; they -landed at Caise de Navire on the 14th of June; the other corps -landed on the 16th, and eleven hundred British, and eight hundred -French loyalists, advanced to attack the town of St. Pierre: but -the Royalists were undisciplined; they got into confusion, fired by -mistake on one another, and so completely disconcerted the plan of -attack, that the English General, not having a force sufficiently -numerous for the purpose without them, ordered the British troops -to return on board of the fleet. - -[Sidenote: 1794] - -General Sir Charles (afterwards Earl) Grey assembled a body of -troops at Barbadoes, in January, 1794, for the attack of the -French islands, and the flank companies of the TWENTY-FIRST were -employed on this service. A landing was effected on the island of -_Martinique_ in the early part of February, and after some sharp -fighting, in which the regiment had several men killed and wounded, -this valuable possession was delivered from the power of the -republicans. - -From Martinique the grenadiers, under Prince Edward (afterwards -Duke of Kent), the light infantry, under Major-General Dundas, and -three other corps, embarked on the 30th of March for _St. Lucia_, -where they arrived on the 1st of April, and the conquest of that -fine island was completed in three days. - -The flank companies of the TWENTY-FIRST were afterwards employed -in the reduction of the island of _Guadaloupe_. A determined -resistance was made by the enemy; but the island was captured -before the end of April. The regiment had several men killed and -wounded; Captain Macdonald was also wounded on the 12th of April. - -After the reduction of Guadaloupe, the flank companies of the -regiment were removed to Antigua. - -The loss of so many valuable colonial possessions was not regarded -with indifference by the republican government of France, and in -June a French armament arrived at _Guadaloupe_ for the recovery of -that island. The negroes and other men of colour flocked to the -standard of republicanism; they were instantly armed and clad in -uniforms; the doctrines of liberty and equality were disseminated -among this motley crowd, which led to a frightful catalogue of -crime and bloodshed. The flank companies of the TWENTY-FIRST were -called from Antigua to aid in the defence of Guadaloupe; they -arrived on the 10th of June in the Winchelsea ship of war, landed -on the 19th, at Ance Canot, and were engaged in several arduous -services, in which Lieutenants Harry Foley Price, Samuel Knollis, -and J. S. Colepeper were wounded; also several private soldiers -killed and wounded: but the British troops were not sufficiently -numerous to contend with the republican forces. - -Lieut.-Colonel Colin Graham of the TWENTY-FIRST was appointed to -the command of the troops in Basse Terre, and he defended Beville -camp until the 6th of October, when he was forced to surrender, his -force having become reduced to one hundred and twenty-five rank and -file fit for duty. - -Three companies of the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS were engaged -in the defence of _Fort Matilda_, under Lieut.-General Prescott, -and the garrison made a resolute resistance, until the place became -so much injured by the enemy's fire that it was not tenable, -when it was evacuated during the night of the 10th of December. -One company of the TWENTY-FIRST occupied the rampart,--the light -company, under Lieutenant William Paterson, was stationed on -the right of the breach, and the third company, under Captain -Mackay, was posted along the Gallion river; they thus covered the -embarkation of the garrison and stores, and afterwards retired -on board of the fleet. The three companies were reduced by -casualties to one captain, three lieutenants, six serjeants, and -ninety-two rank and file. Lieut.-General Prescott stated in his -despatch,--"During the whole progress of this long and painful -siege, the officers and men under my command have conducted -themselves in such a manner as to deserve my warmest praise; -bearing their hardships with the utmost patience, and performing -their duty with alacrity." - -General the Honorable James Murray died in this year, and King -George III. nominated Major-General James Hamilton from the -Fifteenth regiment, to the colonelcy of the TWENTY-FIRST FUSILIERS. - -[Sidenote: 1795] - -[Sidenote: 1796] - -In addition to the casualties in action, the regiment also -sustained, during its services in the West Indies, severe loss from -the yellow fever, and in 1796 it returned to England much reduced -in numbers; it landed at Portsmouth, and proceeded from thence to -Scotland, where it commenced active measures for completing its -ranks with recruits. - -[Sidenote: 1800] - -[Sidenote: 1801] - -[Sidenote: 1802] - -The regiment occupied various stations in Scotland until June, -1800, when it embarked from Portpatrick for Ireland, where its -numbers were increased to eight hundred rank and file by volunteers -from the Scots fencible regiments then in that country. - -In October of the same year, the regiment marched to Enniskillen, -where it was quartered nearly two years, during which time its -numbers were increased to a thousand men by recruits. The good -conduct of the regiment, during its stay at this place, occasioned -it to stand very high in the estimation of the inhabitants; and on -its removal, in 1802, a hundred gentlemen and respectable persons -sent a memorial to the Commander-in-chief, requesting that it -might be again quartered at Enniskillen, and offered to defray the -expense of removal. - -On the 15th of July, 1802, the regiment arrived at Londonderry, -where its establishment was reduced in consequence of the peace of -Amiens having been concluded with France. - -[Sidenote: 1803] - -From Londonderry the regiment was removed to Dublin, in February, -1803; its establishment was again augmented in the summer of this -year after the renewal of hostilities with France. - -An alarming insurrectionary spirit was manifested at _Dublin_ -in the summer of this year; and on the evening of the 23rd of -July an immense number of persons assembled with fire-arms and -pikes, dragged the Lord Chief-Justice, Viscount Kilwarden, out -of his carriage, and murdered him; also wounded his nephew, the -Rev. Richard Wolfe, and committed numerous other acts of outrage -and violence. At this period the regiment was quartered in Cork -Street, Thomas Street, and Coombe Barracks, and it quickly -assembled to suppress the riots. Lieut.-Colonel Brown was murdered -by the insurgents as he was proceeding from his quarters to head -the regiment. The command devolved on Major Robertson, under -whose orders the regiment was actively employed in restoring -tranquillity, in which service it had twelve men killed and -wounded. The regiment received the thanks and approbation of the -Commander-in-chief in Ireland, Lieut.-General the Honorable H. E. -Fox, for its conduct on this occasion. Also the thanks of the city -of Dublin. Lieutenant Douglas, who commanded the light company, -and Adjutant Brady, particularly distinguished themselves, and -were each presented with a piece of plate by the city of Dublin, -accompanied with the expression of the gratitude and admiration of -the citizens, for their gallant exertions. - -On the decease of General Hamilton, in this year, he was succeeded -in the colonelcy by General the Honorable William Gordon, from the -Seventy-first regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1804] - -Leaving Dublin in July, 1804, the regiment proceeded to Loughrea. - -Napoleon Bonaparte, whom the French had elevated to the dignity of -Emperor, having made preparations for the invasion of England, his -menace was met by a meritorious display of loyalty and patriotism -by the British people, who armed to repel the threatened invasion. -Among the precautionary measures adopted at this period, an -"Additional Force Act" received the Royal Assent in July, 1804. The -men raised for limited service, under the provisions of this Act, -in the counties of Ayr and Renfrew, were added to the ROYAL NORTH -BRITISH FUSILIERS, and were formed into a _second battalion_, which -was embodied at Ayr, and placed on the establishment of the army on -the 25th of December, 1804. - -[Sidenote: 1805] - -On the 30th of April, 1805, the first battalion embarked -from Monkstown for England; it landed at Portsmouth, and was -subsequently encamped at Weymouth, where several corps were -assembled, and were repeatedly reviewed by the King, and other -members of the Royal Family, who expressed their high approbation -of the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS on every occasion on which the -corps appeared before them. In the autumn the battalion marched to -Lewes. - -[Sidenote: 1806] - -From Lewes the first battalion marched to London, in January, 1806, -to attend the funeral of Vice Admiral LORD VISCOUNT NELSON, who was -killed at the battle of Trafalgar, where the British navy gained a -decisive victory over the combined fleets of France and Spain. The -remains of this highly distinguished naval commander were honored -with a public funeral, which was conducted with great state. -The interment took place on the 9th of January, in St. Paul's -Cathedral: the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS afterwards marched to -Colchester. - -At this period the French arms were triumphant in Germany; and -the Court of Naples having displeased the Emperor Napoleon, the -Neapolitan territory was seized by the armies of France, and Joseph -Bonaparte was proclaimed King of Naples. The British preserved the -island of Sicily in the interest of the dethroned family: and in -April the first battalion of the TWENTY-FIRST embarked from Tilbury -for Sicily, and landed at Messina on the 26th of July. - -On the 15th of August the second battalion embarked from -Portpatrick for Ireland, where it was stationed during the -following five years. - -[Sidenote: 1807] - -The Court of the Grand Seignior having become involved in -hostilities with Great Britain, the first battalion embarked from -Sicily on the 17th of May, 1807, and joined the expedition to Egypt -under Major-General Alexander Mackenzie Fraser. The battalion -landed at Alexandria, and marched to the camp at Aboukir. Peace -having been concluded with the Turks, the battalion returned to -Sicily, where it arrived in October. - -[Sidenote: 1808] - -The first battalion occupied quarters in Sicily during the year -1808. - -[Sidenote: 1809] - -In June, 1809, Lieut.-General Sir John Stuart, commanding in chief -in the Mediterranean, resolved to menace the capital and kingdom -of Naples, as a diversion in favour of the Austrians, who were -contending against numerous difficulties in their war with France. -The flank companies of the TWENTY-FIRST were employed on this -service; and after menacing a considerable extent of coast, which -produced much alarm, the romantic and fruitful island of _Ischia_, -celebrated for the beauty of its scenery, and situate in the Bay of -Naples, about six miles from the coast, was attacked. A landing was -effected in the face of a formidable line of batteries, from which -the enemy was speedily driven; Lieut. Cameron of the TWENTY-FIRST, -who was attached to the British flotilla, attacked the enemy's -gun-boats with great gallantry, and captured twenty-four of their -number; but was mortally wounded at the moment of victory. The -siege of the castle was undertaken, and in a few days the garrison -was forced to surrender. The island of _Procida_ surrendered on -being summoned. Two valuable islands were thus rescued from the -power of General Murat, whom the Emperor Napoleon had nominated -King of Naples, in succession to Joseph Bonaparte, upon whom the -Emperor had conferred the crown of Spain; and one thousand five -hundred regular troops, with one hundred pieces of ordnance, were -captured. - -An attempt was, at this period, made to reduce the castle of -_Scylla_; but the large force, which the enemy possessed in -Calabria, rendered this impracticable. The battalion companies of -the regiment were employed in this service, and had Captain Hunter -killed, eight rank and file killed and wounded. - -A detachment of the regiment was sent, at the request of the -inhabitants, to the town of Valmi, for the protection of the place; -but was intercepted by the enemy, and Captains Mackay and Conran, -Lieutenants M'Nab and Mackay, four serjeants, two drummers, and -seventy-six rank and file, were made prisoners. - -[Sidenote: 1810] - -In the summer of 1810, General Murat assembled upwards of one -hundred heavy gun-boats, a number of others more lightly armed, and -about four hundred transport-boats, and brought thirty thousand -troops to the coast of Calabria for the purpose of invading Sicily. -The ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS were employed on the coast -watching the approach of the enemy, and were at the alarm-post, -under arms, every morning, two hours before daylight, for several -months. During a dark night between the 17th and 18th of September, -four thousand men, under General Cavaignac, made good their -passage, and commenced landing about seven miles to the southward -of Messina. The alarm being given, the TWENTY-FIRST regiment, -commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Adam (now General the Right Honorable -Sir Frederick Adam, G.C.B., Colonel of the TWENTY-FIRST ROYAL -NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS), hurried to the spot, accompanied by two -field-pieces which were attached to the regiment, and prevented -several of the boats from reaching the shore: as the boats were -retiring, a few of them were sunk by the fire of the field-pieces. -The regiment next turned towards that portion of the enemy which -had landed, and had taken post on two hills. The flankers were -thrown out, and a fire of musketry was kept up until daylight, when -the enemy, being cut off from the boats and surrounded, surrendered -prisoners of war, delivering up one stand of colours. The -prisoners, amounting to about one thousand officers and soldiers, -were marched to Messina. This repulse, with the destruction of many -of the enemy's gun-boats, by the British and Sicilian flotillas, -disconcerted the plans of Murat, and no further attempts were made -against Sicily. - -[Sidenote: 1811] - -In September, 1811, the second battalion embarked from Belfast for -Scotland; and in this year it sent a strong detachment, with a -number of volunteers from the militia, to Sicily, which increased -the strength of the first battalion to twelve hundred rank and file. - -[Sidenote: 1812] - -Meanwhile the British army, commanded by Lord Wellington, now -Field-Marshal the DUKE OF WELLINGTON, was fighting the battle -of Spanish and Portuguese independence in the Peninsula; and in -November, 1812, the grenadier company of the TWENTY-FIRST FUSILIERS -proceeded, with the grenadier battalion, to the eastern coast of -Spain, to take part in the war. It arrived at Alicant, on the 2nd -of December; but circumstances occurred soon afterwards, which -occasioned its return to Sicily, where it arrived in the spring of -1813. - -[Sidenote: 1813] - -Two companies proceeded, in 1813, to the island of Ponza; and in -the same year, a strong detachment, commanded by Captain Renny, -joined from the second battalion. - -[Sidenote: 1814] - -The brilliant success of the British troops in the Peninsula, and -of the armies of the Allied Sovereigns on the Continent of Europe, -was followed by the embarkation of a body of troops for Italy, -under Lieut.-General Lord William Bentinck and Major-General H. T. -Montresor. The TWENTY-FIRST regiment embarked for this service, in -February, 1814, under Major Whitaker (Colonel Paterson commanding -a brigade), and landed at Leghorn on the 13th of March; on the -23rd it marched to Pisa, and on the 25th to Lucca. In April, the -battalion advanced upon _Genoa_; on the 12th of that month, the -enemy was driven from Mount Facia and Nervi, and the British took -post at Sturla. On the 17th of April, at daybreak, the French -position in front of Genoa was attacked, the enemy was driven from -the strong position he occupied, and afterwards evacuated the -town, which was taken possession of on the 19th of April, by the -TWENTY-FIRST, and other corps. The regiment had Lieutenant Sabine -wounded; one serjeant and fourteen rank and file killed and wounded. - -In the meantime the second battalion had been withdrawn from -Scotland, to take part in the war on the Continent; it embarked -from Fort George, on the 30th of December, 1813, landed in Holland -on the 10th of January, 1814, and was employed in the attack of -_Bergen-op-Zoom_, on the night of the 8th of March. One portion of -the battalion formed part of the third column, under the command of -Lieut.-Colonel ROBERT HENRY, of the TWENTY-FIRST, who was directed -to draw the enemy's attention by an attack near Steenbergen -gate; the flank companies were attached to the fourth column, -under Brigadier-General Gore. Some severe fighting took place, -and advantages were gained in the first instance; but the attack -failed, and a number of officers and men, who had penetrated the -works, were forced to surrender prisoners of war. The battalion had -a number of men killed and wounded on this occasion; Lieutenant -John Bulteel died of his wounds; Lieut.-Colonel Henry, Captains -Durrah and Donald Mackenzie, Lieutenants the Honorable F. Morris, -H. Pigou, D. Moody, D. Rankin, and Sir William Crosby, were -wounded. Hostilities were soon afterwards terminated; Napoleon -Bonaparte abdicated the throne of France; and in September the -second battalion embarked from Ostend for England; it landed at -Deal, and in October embarked from Gravesend for Scotland, where -it arrived in the beginning of November, and landed at Leith. - -The war in Europe having terminated, the first battalion of the -ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS was selected to proceed to America, -in consequence of Great Britain having become involved in war with -the United States; it embarked from Genoa on the 12th of May, -and arrived at Gibraltar on the 7th of June; and on the 11th, -sailed with the Twenty-ninth and Sixty-second regiments, for the -West Indies, where it joined the corps under Major-General Robert -Ross. The fleet, with the troops on board, sailed from Bermuda on -the 3rd of August, and proceeded to the Bay of Chesapeake, when -the American flotilla fled for refuge up the Patuxent river. To -ensure the capture or destruction of this flotilla, the troops -landed at the village of St. Benedict, from whence they advanced -to the delightful village of Upper Marlborough, when the Americans -destroyed their flotilla to prevent its falling into the hands -of the British. The object of the expedition had thus been -accomplished; but the army had advanced within sixteen miles of -_Washington_, and the enemy's force was ascertained to be such -as would authorise an attempt to carry the capital. The troops -accordingly advanced on the 23rd of August; routed some detachments -on the road, and encountering the American army under General -Winder, at the village of _Bladensburg_, gained a decisive victory -over a force more than twice their own numbers, and occupying a -position deliberately chosen. The light company of the regiment -distinguished itself on this occasion; it had two men killed; -Captain Robert Rennie, Lieutenant James Grace, and eleven rank and -file wounded. - -Advancing from the field of battle, the regiment moved towards -_Washington_, and was the first corps which entered that city; it -was fired upon by the Americans, and had sixty-eight men killed and -wounded; but all resistance was soon overcome: the arsenal, docks, -and other public property were set on fire, and the conflagration -of burning buildings illuminated the sky during the night, while -the exploding magazines shook the city, and threw down houses in -their vicinity. Having completed this service, the British troops -marched back to St. Benedict, and re-embarked on board of the fleet. - -Early on the morning of the 12th of September, the troops landed -at North Point, and advancing towards Baltimore, a division -of Americans fled from an entrenched position which they were -preparing across a neck of land. Continuing to advance, the troops -entered a closely wooded country, where they encountered a party -of Americans, and Major-General Robert Ross, mixing among the -skirmishers, was mortally wounded,[8] when the command of the army -devolved on Colonel Brooke. - -Six thousand Americans, with six pieces of artillery and a corps -of cavalry, were discovered in position in _Godly wood_. The -light brigade extended and drove in the American skirmishers; the -Forty-fourth, a party of Marines, and a body of seamen from the -fleet, formed line behind the light infantry; the TWENTY-FIRST, -commanded by Major Whitaker, (Colonel Paterson commanding a -brigade,) and the second battalion of Marines, formed column in -reserve, and the Fourth regiment made a flank movement to turn the -enemy's left. The signal was given, the British troops rushed to -the attack, and in fifteen minutes the American army was driven -from the field with severe loss. - -The regiment had Lieutenant James Gracie and fifteen rank and file -killed; Major Robert Kenny, Lieutenant John Leavock, two serjeants, -and seventy-seven rank and file wounded. - -Colonel Paterson was commended in the public despatch, for the -steady manner in which he brought the brigade into action. - -At two o'clock on the following morning the march was resumed, and -in the evening the troops arrived at the foot of the range of hills -in front of _Baltimore_, where fifteen thousand Americans occupied -a chain of palisaded redoubts, connected by breastworks, and -defended by a numerous artillery. Trusting to the innate valour of -his little army, which did not amount to one-third of the numbers -of the enemy, Colonel Brooke made preparations for storming the -hills after dark; but having received intimation from the fleet, -that the entrance of the harbour was closed up by vessels sunk for -that purpose, and that a naval co-operation against the town and -camp was impracticable, the enterprise was abandoned. The troops -retreated three miles on the following day, and then halted to see -if the Americans would venture to descend from the hills; but, -though so superior in numbers, they had no disposition to quit -their works; and the British returned on board the fleet. - -The season for active operations having passed, the fleet quitted -the American coast, and the TWENTY-FIRST proceeded to Jamaica, -where they were joined by a strong detachment from the second -battalion, commanded by Major Alexander James Ross. - -An attempt on _New Orleans_ was afterwards resolved upon. The -fleet again put to sea, and on the 10th of December anchored off -the coast of Louisiana, opposite the Chandeleur Islands, from -whence the troops were removed in boats to Pine Island, in Lake -Borgne, where they were stationed, exposed to heavy rain by day -and frosts by night, until the 22nd of December, when the first -division proceeded in open boats to a desert spot about eight miles -from New Orleans, where the regiments landed, and marched to a -field on the banks of the Mississippi. The TWENTY-FIRST followed, -and arrived in time to take part in repulsing a night attack of a -very superior force of Americans, when the regiment had Captain -William Conran and two rank and file killed; one serjeant, two -drummers, and eight rank and file wounded; two men missing. - -The army afterwards moved forward, but encountered many local -difficulties. The Americans assembled a numerous force, in -extensive fortified lines and batteries, with armed vessels on the -river: the advance was checked, and some loss sustained. The ROYAL -NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS had Lieutenant John Leavock wounded; also -several men killed and wounded. - -[Sidenote: 1815] - -Arrangements were made for attacking the enemy's fortified lines -on the 8th of January, 1815, and the TWENTY-FIRST were appointed -to take part in this service: several circumstances occurred to -delay the attack, which was made under numerous disadvantages. -The troops, however, rushed forward with great gallantry, and a -detachment of the Fourth, TWENTY-FIRST, and Ninety-fifth (now -Rifle-Brigade), captured a battery; but the troops were exposed to -a dreadful fire, which brought them down by hundreds. Major-General -the Honorable Sir Edward Pakenham was killed; Major-Generals Gibbs -and Keane were dangerously wounded; and success being found -impracticable, the surviving officers and men withdrew from the -unequal contest. Many officers and soldiers, who had been foremost -in the attack, were made prisoners. - -Major J. A. Whitaker, Captain Robert Renny (Lieut.-Colonel), -Lieutenant Donald M^cDonald, two serjeants, and sixty-five rank and -file of the TWENTY-FIRST, were killed; Colonel William Paterson, -Major Alexander James Ross, Lieutenants John Waters and Alexander -Geddes, six serjeants, and one hundred and forty-four rank and -file wounded; Lieutenants James Brady, Ralph Carr, and Peter -Quin wounded and taken prisoners; Major James M^cHaffie, Captain -Archibald Kidd, Lieutenants James Stewart, Alexander Armstrong, -John Leavock, and J. S. M. Fonblanque, eight serjeants, two -drummers, and two hundred and seventeen rank and file, prisoners: -total loss, 451 officers and soldiers. - -The capture of New Orleans appearing to be impracticable, the -troops returned on board of the fleet. Fort Bowyer was afterwards -captured, but hostilities were terminated by a treaty of peace, and -the regiment returned to the West Indies, from whence Major Pringle -sailed for England, on leave of absence, and the command devolved -on Major Quin. - -After a short stay at Bermuda, the regiment sailed for Europe; it -arrived at Portsmouth in May, and afterwards sailed to Cork, where -it landed in June. - -In the spring of this year Bonaparte had returned to France and -gained temporary possession of that kingdom: but his numerous -veteran legions were overpowered by British valour at Waterloo -on the 18th of June. The British army had, however, sustained -severe loss, and the first battalion was selected to proceed to -the Continent. It embarked from Monkstown on the 5th of July, -landed at Ostend on the 17th, and proceeding up the country under -Lieut.-Colonel Maxwell, joined the army, commanded by Field-Marshal -the Duke of Wellington, at Paris. - -[Sidenote: 1816] - -Having been appointed to remain on the Continent, and to form -part of the Army of Occupation in France, the regiment marched to -Compiègne, and occupied several villages in the neighbourhood of -that place, where it was joined, on the 9th of January, 1816, by a -detachment from the second battalion. - -On the 13th of January, 1816, the second battalion was disbanded at -Stirling; transferring the men fit for duty to the first battalion. - -Towards the end of January, the regiment was removed to -Valenciennes, and in October was reviewed, with the Army of -Occupation, by Field-Marshal the Duke of Wellington. - -On the death of General the Honorable William Gordon, -Lieut.-General James Lord Forbes was appointed Colonel of the -regiment, from the Fifty-fourth foot, by commission dated the 1st -of June, 1816. - -[Sidenote: 1817] - -A considerable reduction being made in the British contingent of -the Army of Occupation, the regiment proceeded to Calais, where it -embarked for England, and landed at Harwich on the 2nd of April, -1817. - -[Sidenote: 1818] - -In May, 1818, the regiment marched to Portsmouth. - -In June, the officers were authorised to wear a long coat, of a -pattern approved of by His Royal Highness the Duke of York. - -[Sidenote: 1819] - -The regiment embarked from Portsmouth, in March, 1819, for the West -Indies, when Lieut.-Colonel Nooth, C.B., received the following -communication from Major-General Lord Howard of Effingham, then -commanding at Portsmouth, and Lieutenant-Governor of that -fortress: "I am not in the habit of giving out orders of thanks to -regiments on quitting my district, because these things are apt -to degenerate so much into words of course, that they lose any -value they might otherwise possess; my orders likewise to corps -on their half-yearly inspections enable me to convey to them my -opinion on their state of discipline, &c.; but I cannot, however, -allow the TWENTY-FIRST regiment, under your command, to embark -without expressing the sense I have of the good conduct of the -regiment since it has been under my orders, and that its interior -discipline, mode of doing duty, and external appearance, have been -such as to merit my perfect approbation, and amply testify the -strict attention paid by you to those under your command,--that -you are properly supported by the officers and non-commissioned -officers, in their respective stations, in carrying into effect -the regulations of the service." His Lordship was also pleased to -express his admiration of the conduct of the corps on the day of -embarkation, adding,--"The regiment is more like one parading for -inspection or review, than for embarkation for the West Indies." - -The regiment landed at Barbadoes in April, without a single -casualty, and was inspected by Lieut.-General Lord Combermere, -who requested Major Meyrick to return the officers his lordship's -thanks, for the very great attention they must have paid to those -under their orders, to have brought them to the very high state of -discipline in which his lordship found them. - -[Sidenote: 1820] - -[Sidenote: 1821] - -In September, 1820, a detachment of one hundred rank and file -proceeded to Tobago, where it remained until January, 1821, during -which period it lost four officers and thirty-seven men by an -epidemic disease. - -The regiment left Barbadoes in March, 1821, when seven companies -proceeded to Demerara, under Major Leahy, and three to Berbice, -under Major Champion. Previous to its quitting Barbadoes, -Major-General Mainwaring expressed in orders, "the high sense he -entertained of the zeal and ability of Major Leahy, of the steady -conduct of the officers and non-commissioned officers, and of the -good and orderly behaviour of the men." - -In August, the regiment sustained a severe loss in the death of -Lieut.-Colonel John M. Nooth, C.B.: he was succeeded in the command -by Lieut.-Colonel John Thomas Leahy. - -[Sidenote: 1823] - -Insurrectionary movements having been made by the negroes in the -district of Mahaica, in the island of Demerara, in August, 1823, -the TWENTY-FIRST FUSILIERS, under Lieut.-Colonel Leahy, were -employed in reducing the revolted slaves to obedience, in which -they succeeded. For their excellent conduct on this occasion, the -TWENTY-FIRST received the thanks of Lieut.-General Sir Henry Ward, -K.C.B., commanding in the Windward and Leeward Islands; of the -Court of Policy of the Colony; of His Royal Highness the Duke of -York, the Commander-in-chief; and of His Majesty King George IV. - -[Sidenote: 1824] - -From Demerara the head-quarters were removed to St. Vincent, in -January, 1824, and received the thanks of Major-General Murray, -previous to embarking. At the same time the Court of Policy voted, -as a special and permanent mark of the high estimation in which -the inhabitants of the Colony held the services of Lieut.-Colonel -Leahy, the officers and soldiers, "FIVE HUNDRED GUINEAS TO BE LAID -OUT IN THE PURCHASE OF PLATE FOR THE REGIMENTAL MESS," and TWO -HUNDRED GUINEAS FOR THE PURCHASE OF A SWORD FOR LIEUT.-COLONEL -LEAHY; also FIFTY GUINEAS FOR THE PURCHASE OF A SWORD FOR -LIEUTENANT BRADY, who commanded a detachment at Mahaica, and whose -cool, steady, and intrepid conduct, aided by the courage and -discipline of his men, gave an early and effectual check to the -progress of revolt in that quarter. - -In May, two companies were removed to Grenada. - -[Sidenote: 1827] - -In December, 1826, and January, 1827, the regiment embarked from -St. Vincent and Grenada, for England, after eight years' service -in the West Indies, during which period it had lost, by disease, -fourteen officers and four hundred men. Previous to quitting those -colonies, it received the expression of the approbation and thanks -of Admiral Sir Charles Brisbane, G.C.B., Governor of St. Vincent; -of the Council of that island; and of the Commander of the forces -in the Windward and Leeward Islands. It landed at Cowes, in the -Isle of Wight, in January, February, and March, and was removed to -Windsor, where it had the honor of doing duty during His Majesty's -residence at that place. - -[Sidenote: 1828] - -From Windsor the regiment was removed to Winchester, in the -spring of 1828, and afterwards to Portsmouth; it was subsequently -stationed at Bath, and in October embarked from Bristol for -Ireland: it landed at Waterford, from whence it proceeded to Fermoy. - -[Sidenote: 1829] - -[Sidenote: 1830] - -The regiment was removed to Mullingar, in June, 1829; and in May, -1830, the head-quarters proceeded to Kilkenny, with parties at -Carlow, Athy, Maryborough, and Wexford. - -[Sidenote: 1831] - -[Sidenote: 1832] - -In September, 1831, the regiment marched for Dublin, where it -embarked for England in October, and landing at Liverpool, -afterwards proceeded to Weedon. In 1832 it was removed to Chatham. - -[Sidenote: 1833] - -During the years 1832 and 1833, the regiment embarked, by -detachments, in charge of convicts, for New South Wales, and it was -stationed in Australia and Van Diemen's Land until the year 1839. - -[Sidenote: 1839] - -Five companies and head-quarters embarked from Hobart Town, in -February, 1839, for the East Indies, and arriving at Calcutta in -May, afterwards proceeded to Chinsurah. They were followed by two -companies from Hobart Town in March, 1840; and two from the Swan -River settlement in July. - -[Sidenote: 1840] - -In April, 1840, the head-quarters were removed to Calcutta; and in -August, the regiment embarked for Dinapore, where it arrived in -September. - -[Sidenote: 1841] - -The regiment was stationed at Dinapore during the year 1841. - -[Sidenote: 1842] - -[Sidenote: 1843] - -Leaving Dinapore in November, 1842, the regiment commenced its -march for Agra: but on arriving at Mirzapoor, its destination -was changed to Kamptee, at which place it arrived on the 6th of -February, 1843. - -[Sidenote: 1844] - -During the year 1844, the regiment remained at Kamptee. - -[Sidenote: 1845] - -The regiment commenced its march from Kamptee _en route_ to the -north-western provinces of Bengal on the 6th of December, 1845, and -arrived at Jubbulpore on the 30th of that month. - -[Sidenote: 1846] - -The regiment resumed its march on the 1st of January, 1846, and -arrived at Agra on the 7th of February, where it was stationed -during the remainder of the year. - -[Sidenote: 1847] - -Leaving Agra on the 15th of January, 1847, the regiment arrived -at Cawnpore on the 1st of February. From Cawnpore the regiment -proceeded, in November, to Calcutta, at which place it arrived on -the 30th of December. - -Orders were at this period given for the return to England of the -TWENTY-FIRST, ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS, and three hundred and -ninety-three soldiers transferred their services to other regiments -remaining in India. - -In January, 1848, the regiment, under the command of -Lieutenant-Colonel John Thomas Hill, embarked at Calcutta, and -arrived at Gravesend on the 11th of May. - -The regiment was, in the first instance, stationed at Canterbury, -from which city it proceeded to Edinburgh in July, 1848. - -On the 1st of June, 1849, the period to which this Record has been -continued, the regiment continued to be stationed at Edinburgh -Castle, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Gore Browne. - - -1849. - - - - -CONCLUSION. - -The foregoing pages contain numerous instances of the valuable -qualities of the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. The campaigns -of King William III., and the victories obtained by the Duke of -Marlborough, afforded many opportunities for the TWENTY-FIRST -REGIMENT to evince its bravery. In subsequent years the battles -of _Dettingen_, _Fontenoy_, _Culloden_, and _Val_, enhanced its -former renown;--at the capture of _Belle-Isle_ in 1761 the regiment -sustained its previous character;--and the several actions during -the American war increased its fame. Its services in Naples and -Sicily in 1809 and 1810;--and the arduous duties on which it -was employed in America in 1814, gave additional proofs of its -capabilities. - -The Regimental Record contains also many instances of the -expression of commendation by the General Officers, under whose -command the Regiment has served, for its activity, discipline, and -good conduct, when employed on home or colonial duties, and when -occasions have occurred where military force has been required in -aid of the Civil Power, and where judgment, temper, and firmness -have been the means of subduing the most violent commotions. - -These qualities, which have been evinced for the long period of one -hundred and seventy years, have rendered the TWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT, -or THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS, an ornament in the British -Army, and have acquired the Approbation of the Sovereign and the -Confidence of the Country. - - -[Illustration: TWENTY FIRST, - -THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. - -_Madeley lith 3 Wellington S^t. Strand._ - -_For Cannon's Military Records._] - - - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS - -OF - -THE TWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT OF FOOT, - -OR - -THE ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. - - -CHARLES, (FIFTH) EARL OF MAR. - -_Appointed 23rd September, 1678._ - -CHARLES, LORD ERSKINE, succeeded to the title of EARL OF MAR, in -1668, on the decease of his father, John, fourth Earl of Mar; -and in September, 1678, he raised a regiment of foot, now the -TWENTY-FIRST, or the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. He was a member -of the Privy Council of Scotland, in the reign of King Charles II., -and also of King James II. In 1686, he was succeeded in the command -of his regiment by Colonel Buchan. - -The Earl of Mar disapproved of the measures of King James II., and -was about to embark for the Continent, in November, 1688, when the -Prince of Orange landed in England. He appeared at the Convention -of the Estates assembled by the Prince of Orange; but joining the -disaffected party, he was arrested. He died on the 23rd of April, -1689, and was succeeded in the title by his son John, sixth Earl -of Mar, whose estates were forfeited in consequence of his having -erected the Standard of Rebellion in Scotland, in 1715, in favor of -the Pretender, as narrated at page 18 of the Historical Record of -the TWENTY-FIRST, ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. - - -THOMAS BUCHAN. - -_Appointed 29th July, 1686._ - -THOMAS BUCHAN was an officer in the Scots army, in the time of King -Charles II., and rose to the rank of lieut.-colonel in the Royal -Regiment of Scots Horse, which was disbanded in 1689. King James -II. promoted him to the colonelcy of the TWENTY-FIRST regiment; and -he adhered to the interests of the Stuart family at the Revolution -in 1688. He served in Ireland under King James, and was detached -with a few men to Scotland, to support the Highland clans in their -resistance to the government of King William III. The clans were, -however, not successful in their enterprises, and they submitted to -the authority of King William; when he retired to France. - - -FRANCIS FERGUS O'FARRELL. - -_Appointed 1st March, 1689._ - -This officer was a decided advocate for the principles of the -Revolution of 1688, and King William nominated him to the -colonelcy of the SCOTS FUSILIERS, which corps he commanded in the -Netherlands, under Prince Waldeck, and afterwards under the British -monarch, who promoted him to the rank of brigadier-general. He -served at the head of a brigade of infantry during the campaign -of 1694; and was appointed governor of Deinse. He commanded the -garrison of Deinse when that place was besieged, in July, 1695; and -was dismissed the service, by sentence of a general court-martial, -for surrendering without firing a shot. - - -ROBERT MACKAY. - -_Appointed 13th November, 1695._ - -ROBERT MACKAY, third son of John, Lord Reay, was an officer in the -Scots Brigade in the Dutch service, and accompanied the Prince -of Orange to England in 1688. He was promoted captain of the -grenadier company in Major-General Hugh Mackay's regiment, and -served in Scotland in 1689. He distinguished himself at the battle -of Killicrankie, where he received several wounds, and was left -for dead on the field of battle. He, however, showed some signs -of life and was removed to a cottage by the enemy, and eventually -recovered. He was soon afterwards promoted to the rank of -lieut.-colonel, and King William gave him the colonelcy of a newly -raised Scots regiment (afterwards disbanded), from which he was -removed, in 1695, to the TWENTY-FIRST FUSILIERS. His constitution -had become debilitated by severe service and numerous wounds, and -he died at Tongue, the seat of his family, in December, 1696. - - -ARCHIBALD ROW. - -_Appointed 1st January, 1697._ - -This officer entered the army in the reign of King James II., and -at the Revolution in 1688 he joined the Prince of Orange, who -promoted him to the lieut.-colonelcy of the Sixteenth regiment, -with which corps he served in the Netherlands, and acquired the -reputation of a brave and skilful officer. He served at the -battles of Steenkirk and Landen, and at the siege of Namur; and -was rewarded, in 1697, with the colonelcy of the TWENTY-FIRST -FUSILIERS. He served under the great Duke of Marlborough in 1703, -and in 1704 he commanded a brigade at the battles of Schellenberg -and Blenheim; on the last-mentioned occasion his brigade led the -attack on the village of Blenheim, and he headed his own regiment -with distinguished gallantry, advancing up to the enemy's palisades -before he gave the word "fire." In a moment afterwards he was shot, -and thus closed a life of honor with a death of glory. His valour -has rendered his name immortal in the history of his country. - - -JOHN, VISCOUNT MORDAUNT. - -_Appointed 25th August, 1704._ - -JOHN, VISCOUNT MORDAUNT, son of Charles, Earl of Peterborough, was -an officer in the first regiment of Foot Guards, in which corps he -rose to the rank of captain and lieut.-colonel. He evinced great -gallantry at the battle of Schellenberg, where he headed fifty -grenadiers, at the storm of the enemy's works, and of that number, -only himself and ten grenadiers escaped. At the memorable battle of -Blenheim, he lost his left arm. His services were rewarded with the -colonelcy of the TWENTY-FIRST FUSILIERS, from which he exchanged to -the Twenty-eighth regiment; but on the death of Major-General de -Lalo, who was killed at the battle of Malplaquet, in 1709, Viscount -Mordaunt was re-appointed to the TWENTY-FIRST regiment. He was -promoted to the rank of brigadier-general on the 1st of January, -1710; and died of the small-pox in April following. - - -SAMPSON DE LALO. - -_Appointed 26th June, 1706._ - -SAMPSON DE LALO was a French gentleman of the Protestant religion, -whom the Edict of Nantes forced to quit his native country. He -found an asylum from persecution in England, and entering the -British army, proved an efficient and meritorious officer. After -a distinguished career of service in the subordinate commissions, -he was appointed lieut.-colonel of the Twenty-eighth regiment, -and was promoted to the colonelcy of the same corps, in February, -1704; in June, 1706, he exchanged to the TWENTY-FIRST FUSILIERS. -He commanded a brigade under the great Duke of Marlborough, served -at several battles and sieges, and was promoted to the rank of -major-general in January, 1709. During the siege of the castle of -Tournay, he was nominated by the Duke of Marlborough to negotiate -the terms of capitulation with the governor. He evinced great -gallantry at the battle of Malplaquet, where he was mortally -wounded. In the Annals of Queen Anne it is stated, that "he was in -great favor and esteem in the British army." - - -JOHN, VISCOUNT MORDAUNT. - -_Re-appointed 4th September, 1709._ - -Died in 1710. - - -THOMAS MEREDITH. - -_Appointed 1st May, 1710._ - -This officer served in the wars of King William III., who promoted -him to the commission of captain in the Third Horse, now Second -Dragoon Guards. On the augmentation of the army in 1702, he was -nominated colonel of the Thirty-seventh regiment, then newly -raised, and he accompanied that corps to Holland in 1703. In 1704, -he served at the battles of Schellenberg and Blenheim, and was -promoted to the rank of brigadier-general on the 25th of August, -1704. In 1705 he commanded a brigade at the forcing of the French -lines at Helixem and Neer-Hespen. He was advanced to the rank of -major-general in 1706, and to that of lieut.-general in 1707; in -1710 he was removed to the TWENTY-FIRST regiment, and in 1714 to -the Twentieth. He died in 1719. - - -CHARLES, EARL OF ORRERY, K.T. - -_Appointed 8th December, 1710._ - -THE EARL OF ORRERY took an active part in raising a regiment of -foot (afterwards disbanded), of which he was appointed colonel, -on the 1st of May, 1703; in 1705 he was nominated Knight of the -Thistle, and in 1706 he was removed to another regiment, afterwards -disbanded. He was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general in -1709, and served at the battle of Malplaquet, at the head of a -brigade of infantry, and evinced great gallantry. In 1710 he -was advanced to the rank of major-general,--nominated Envoy -extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the States of Brabant and -Flanders,--and removed to the TWENTY-FIRST FUSILIERS; in 1711 he -was created a peer of Great Britain, by the title of Baron Boyle, -of Marston, in Somersetshire; and in 1712 he served under the -Duke of Ormond. He was sworn a member of the Privy Council in -1713. On the arrival of King George I. in England, in the autumn -of 1714, the EARL OF ORRERY was appointed one of the Lords of the -Bedchamber; he was afterwards sworn a member of the Privy Council. -In 1722, he was committed a prisoner to the Tower of London, on a -charge of high treason; but no crime was proved against him. He -died on the 28th of August, 1731. - - -GEORGE MACARTNEY. - -_Appointed 12th July, 1716._ - -This officer entered the army in the reign of King William III., -and was promoted, in April, 1703, to the colonelcy of a newly -raised regiment of foot (afterwards disbanded), with which he -served three campaigns on the Continent, under the great Duke -of Marlborough. He afterwards proceeded to Spain, and commanded -a brigade of infantry at the battle of Almanza, where he -distinguished himself, and was taken prisoner. In 1709 he was -promoted to the rank of major-general, and in 1710 to that of -lieut.-general. His regiment having been disbanded at the peace -of Utrecht, he was appointed to the colonelcy of the ROYAL NORTH -BRITISH FUSILIERS in 1716, and removed in 1727 to the Seventh -Horse, now Sixth Dragoon Guards. He died in July, 1730. - - -SIR JAMES WOOD. - -_Appointed 9th March, 1727._ - -SIR JAMES WOOD served many years in the army of the States-General -of the United Provinces of the Netherlands. His first commission -was dated the 31st of December, 1688, and he rose to the rank of -brigadier-general in 1704, in which rank he was admitted into the -British service, in consequence of his reputation; and in 1727, he -was appointed colonel of the TWENTY-FIRST regiment. In 1735 he was -promoted to the rank of major-general. His decease occurred on the -18th of May, 1738. - - -JOHN CAMPBELL. - -_Appointed 1st November, 1738._ - -JOHN CAMPBELL, of Mamore, was an officer in the army in the reign -of Queen Anne, and attained the rank of lieut.-colonel. During -the rebellion in 1715 and 1716, he was aide-de-camp to the Duke -of Argyle: and in June, 1737, he obtained the colonelcy of the -Thirty-ninth regiment, from which he was removed in the following -year to the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. He commanded a brigade -at the battle of Dettingen, in 1743;--was appointed major-general -in the following year; and during the rebellion in 1745 and 1746, -he held a command in Scotland. He was advanced to the rank of -lieut.-general in 1747; removed from the Fusiliers to the Scots -Greys in 1752; and in 1761 he was appointed governor of Limerick; -and also succeeded to the title of Duke of Argyle. The Order of the -Thistle was conferred upon his Grace in 1765. He died in 1770. - - -WILLIAM, EARL OF PANMURE. - -_Appointed 29th April, 1752._ - -WILLIAM MAULE, who had been several years an officer in the Scots -Foot Guards, and a Member of Parliament, was created a peer of -Ireland on the 6th of April, 1743, by the title of Earl of Panmure. -He served at the battle of Dettingen in the same year; also at the -battle of Fontenoy in 1745; and on the 1st of December, 1747, was -promoted to the colonelcy of the Twenty-fifth foot; from which he -was removed, in 1752, to the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. The -rank of major-general was conferred upon his Lordship in 1755. In -the following year he was second in command at Gibraltar; and in -1758 he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general. He was further -advanced to the rank of general in 1770; and obtained the colonelcy -of the Scots Greys in November of the same year. He died on the 4th -of January, 1782. - - -THE HONORABLE ALEXANDER MACKAY. - -_Appointed 10th May, 1770._ - -THE HONORABLE ALEXANDER MACKAY, son of George, third Lord Reay, -was appointed ensign in the Twenty-fifth regiment, in 1737, -and in 1745 he obtained the commission of captain, in the Earl -of Loudoun's newly raised regiment of Highlanders, afterwards -disbanded. He served against the rebels in the same year, and -was taken prisoner at the battle of Preston-pans. In 1750 he was -nominated major in the Third foot, and on the 21st of December, -1755, he was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy of the Fifty-second -regiment, then newly raised, from which he exchanged, in March, -1760, to the Thirty-ninth: in 1761, he was elected a Member of -Parliament for Sunderland. In August, 1762, he was promoted to the -colonelcy of the 122nd regiment, which was disbanded at the peace -of Fontainebleau; and in March, 1764, he obtained the colonelcy of -the sixty-fifth. He served in America, in which country he obtained -the local rank of major-general in 1768; in 1770 he received the -same rank in the army, and was removed to the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH -FUSILIERS in the same year. In 1772 he received the appointment of -Governor of Tynemouth, and Clifford's Fort; in 1777 he was promoted -to the rank of lieut.-general, and in the following year appointed -Governor of Landguard Fort,--from which he was afterwards removed -to the government of Stirling Castle. In 1780 he was nominated -Commander-in-chief in Scotland. He died in May, 1789. - - -THE HONORABLE JAMES MURRAY. - -_Appointed 5th June, 1789._ - -THE HONORABLE JAMES MURRAY served in the Fifteenth regiment, in -which corps he attained the rank of major, and was promoted to the -lieut.-colonelcy on the 5th of January, 1751. He commanded the -Fifteenth in the expedition against Rochefort, under Lieut.-General -Sir John Mordaunt, in 1757, and at the capture of Louisbourg, in -1758; in 1759 he commanded a brigade at the battle and capture -of Quebec, under the renowned Major-General James Wolfe; in 1760 -he led a division up the river St. Lawrence, and contributed -to the reduction of Montreal, which completed the conquest of -Canada from the French. He was promoted to colonel-commandant of -a battalion of the Sixtieth regiment in 1759, and to the local -rank of major-general in America in 1760. In 1762 he was advanced -to the rank of major-general; and in 1767 he was removed to the -colonelcy of the Thirteenth regiment. He was promoted to the rank -of lieut.-general in 1772, and to that of general in 1783; in 1789 -he was removed to the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS. He died in -1794. - - -JAMES HAMILTON. - -_Appointed 20th June, 1794._ - -After a progressive service in the subordinate commissions, this -officer was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy of the TWENTY-FIRST -FUSILIERS, on the 11th of March, 1774. He served in North America -during two campaigns of the war of independence,--was promoted -to the rank of major-general in 1787, and was appointed colonel -of the Fifteenth foot in 1792, from which he was removed to -the TWENTY-FIRST FUSILIERS in 1794. He obtained the rank of -lieut.-general in 1797, and that of general in 1802. His decease -occurred in 1803. - - -THE HONORABLE WILLIAM GORDON. - -_Appointed 6th August, 1803._ - -THE HONORABLE WILLIAM GORDON was appointed captain in the Sixteenth -Light Dragoons, when that corps was raised in the year 1759; -in October, 1762, he was appointed lieut.-colonel of the 105th -regiment, and in 1777 he was promoted to the colonelcy of the -Eighty-first regiment, which was afterwards disbanded. In 1781 -he was promoted to the rank of major-general, and in 1789 was -nominated colonel of the Seventy-first Highlanders. He was advanced -to the rank of lieut.-general in 1793, to that of general in 1798, -and was removed to the ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS in 1803. He -died in 1816. - - -JAMES, LORD FORBES. - -_Appointed 1st June, 1816._ - -JAMES, LORD FORBES, was appointed ensign in the Second Foot Guards, -in 1781. In 1793 he served in Flanders, under His Royal Highness -the Duke of York, and commanded a company at the battle of -Famars. He served at the siege of Valenciennes, and led a portion -of his regiment at the storm of the outworks. He was engaged at -the re-capture of the post of Lincelles, where the Foot Guards -distinguished themselves; also served at the siege of Dunkirk. -In 1794 he served at the actions of Vaux, Cateau, Tournay, and -Mouvaux,--at the defence of Nimeguen and Fort St. André, and -in the retreat through Holland to Germany. After the action of -Lincelles, in 1793, he was promoted to the rank of captain and -lieut.-colonel, in succession to Lieut.-Colonel Bosville, who -was killed on that occasion. In 1796, he obtained the rank of -colonel; and in 1799 he served in the expedition to the Helder, -and was present at every action of that short campaign in Holland, -excepting one. In 1802 Lord Forbes was promoted to the rank of -major-general, and nominated to the command of the troops stationed -at Ashford, in Kent, and subsequently of the garrison at Dover, -and he occasionally commanded the Kent District in the absence -of Lieut.-General Sir David Dundas and of Lord Ludlow. He was -appointed second in command of the troops stationed on the island -of Sicily, in 1808, and promoted to the rank of lieut.-general. -On his return to England in 1811, he was placed on the Staff of -Ireland. - -Lord Forbes was elected one of the representative peers of -Scotland, in 1806, and held that distinguished situation many -years. The colonelcy of the Third Garrison Battalion was conferred -upon his Lordship in 1806; he was removed to the Ninety-fourth -regiment in 1808, to the Fifty-fourth in 1809, and to the ROYAL -NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS in 1816: in 1819 he was promoted to the -rank of general. He died in 1843. - - -THE RIGHT HONORABLE SIR FREDERICK ADAM, G.C.B., G.C.M.G. - -_Appointed 31st May, 1843._ - - - - -APPENDIX. - - -_List of Battles, Sieges, &c., in the Netherlands, during the reign -of KING WILLIAM III., from 1689 to the Peace of Ryswick in 1697._ - - Battle of Walcourt 25 August, 1689 - ---- ---- Fleurus 1 July, 1690 - Mons surrendered to the French 10 April, 1691 - Namur ditto ditto 20 June, 1692 - Battle of Steenkirk 3 August, ---- - Furnes and Dixmude captured -- Sept., ---- - The French lines at D'Otignies forced 10 July, 1693 - Battle of Landen 29 July, ---- - Surrender of Huy 17 Sept., 1694 - Attack on Fort Kenoque 9 June, 1695 - Dixmude surrendered to the French 16 July, ---- - Deinse surrendered to the French 21 July, 1695 - Namur retaken by King William III. 25 July, ---- - Citadel of Namur surrendered 5 Sept., ---- - Treaty of Ryswick signed 11 Sept., 1697 - - -_List of Sieges, Battles, &c., in the Netherlands and Germany, -during the Campaigns under the DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH, from 1702 to -1711._ - - Invested. Surrendered. - - Siege of Kayserswerth 16 April, 17 June, 1702 - Skirmish near Nimeguen 11 June, ---- - Siege of Venloo 29 Aug., 25 Sept., ---- - Capture of Fort St. Michael 18 Sept., ---- - Siege of Stevenswaert 3 Oct., ---- - ---- Ruremonde 6 Oct., ---- - Capture of Liege Citadel 23 Oct., ---- - Siege of Bonn 24 April, 15 May, 1703 - ---- Huy 16 Aug., 25 Aug., ---- - ---- Limburg 10 Sept., 28 Sept., ---- - Battle of Schellenberg 2 July, 1704 - ---- Blenheim 13 Aug., ---- - Siege of Landau 12 Sept., 24 Nov., ---- - Huy captured by the French May, 1705 - Re-capture of Huy 11 July, ---- - Forcing the French Lines at Helixem, near Tirlemont 18 July, ---- - Skirmish near the Dyle 21 July, ---- - Siege of Sandvliet 26 Oct., 29 Oct., ---- - Battle of Ramilies 23 May, 1706 - Siege of Ostend 28 June, 8 July, ---- - ---- Menin 25 July, 25 Aug., ---- - ---- Dendermond 29 Aug., 5 Sept., ---- - ---- Aeth 16 Sept., 3 Oct., ---- - Battle of Oudenarde 11 July, 1708 - Siege of Lisle 13 Aug., 23 Oct., ---- - Capture of the Citadel 9 Dec., ---- - Battle of Wynendale 28 Sept., ---- - Passage of the Scheldt 27 Nov., ---- - Siege of Ghent 18 Dec., 30 Dec., ---- - ---- Tournay 27 June, 29 July, 1709 - Capture of the Citadel 3 Sept., ---- - Battle of Malplaquet 11 Sept., ---- - Siege of Mons 21 Sept., 20 Oct., ---- - Passage of the French lines at Pont à Vendin 21 April, 1710 - Siege of Douay 25 April, 27 June, ---- - ---- Bethune 15 July, 29 Aug., ---- - ---- Aire 6 Sept., 9 Nov., ---- - ---- St. Venant 6 Sept., 30 Sept., ---- - Passage of the French lines at Arleux 5 Aug., 1711 - Siege of Bouchain 10 Aug., 13 Sept., ---- - Treaty of Utrecht signed 30 March, 1713 - - -_Battles, Sieges, &c., which occurred in Germany and in the -Netherlands from 1743 to 1748, during the "War of the Austrian -Succession."_ - - Battle of Dettingen (Germany) 27 June, 1743 - Menin invested by the French 18 May, and captured 5 June, 1744 - Ypres ditto 7 June, and captured 14 June, ---- - Fort Knocque surrendered to the French June, ---- - Furnes, ditto 5 July, ---- - Friburg (Germany) invested by the French 21 Sept. ---- - Citadel of Friburg captured by ditto 28 Nov. ---- - Tournay invested by ditto 23 April, 1745 - Battle of Fontenoy 11 May, ---- - Citadel of Tournay surrendered to the French 21 June, ---- - Skirmish near Ghent 9 July, ---- - Ghent captured by the French 30 June, ---- - Bruges, ditto July, ---- - Oudenarde, ditto 21 July, ---- - Dendermond, ditto Aug. ---- - Ostend invested by the French on 14 July, and captured 23 Aug. ---- - Nieuport captured by the French 26 Aug. ---- - Aeth, ditto 28 Sept. ---- - Brussels invested by the French 24 Jan., and captured 20 Feb. 1746 - Mechlin captured by ditto May, ---- - Antwerp, ditto 20 May, ---- - Citadel of Antwerp, ditto 31 May, ---- - Mons invested by the French on 7 June, and captured 11 July, ---- - Fort St. Ghislain captured by the French 21 July, ---- - Charleroi invested by the French on 25 July, and - captured 2 Aug. ---- - Huy captured by ditto Aug. ---- - Namur invested by ditto 26 August, and citadel - captured 19 Sept. ---- - Battle of Roucoux, near Liege 11 Oct. ---- - Sluys surrendered to the French 11 April, 1747 - Fort Sandberg in Hulst and Axel, surrendered to the - French 28 April, ---- - Sandvliet captured by the French June, ---- - Battle of Val, or Laffeld, near Maestricht 2 July, ---- - Bergen-op-Zoom invested by the French 13 July, and - captured 16 Sept. ---- - Forts Lillo, Frederick Henry, and Croix 2 Oct. ---- - Limburg captured by the French March, 1748 - Maestricht invested by the French 3 April, ---- - Maestricht surrendered to ditto 3 May, ---- - Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle 7 Oct. ---- - - -List of the BRITISH REGIMENTS which served in FLANDERS and -GERMANY between 1742 and 1748, during the "_War of the Austrian -Succession_." - - +------------------------------+--------+--------------+-----------+ - | |Year in |Returned to |Rejoined | - | |which |Great Britain |the Army in| - | |embarked|in consequence|Flanders, | - | CAVALRY. |for |of the |after the | - | |Flanders|Rebellion in |suppression| - | | |favor of the |of the | - | | |Pretender. |Rebellion. | - +-----------------+------------+--------+--------------+-----------+ - | REGIMENTS. | COLONELS. | | | | - | | | | | | - | 3rd Troop | Earl of | 1742 | 1746 | | - | Horse Guards | Albemarle | | | | - | | | | | | - | 4th ditto | Earl of | | | | - | ditto | Effingham | 1742 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 2nd ditto | | | | | - | Horse Grenadier | Earl of | | | | - | Guards | Craufurd | 1742 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | Royal Regiment | Earl of | | | | - | Horse Guards | Hertford | 1742 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 1st Horse (1st | Earl of | | | | - | Dragoon Guards) | Pembroke | 1742 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 4th Irish Horse | | | | | - | (7th Dragoon | Sir John | | | | - | Guards) | Ligonier | 1742 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 1st Dragoons | Hawley | 1742 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 2nd ditto | Campbell | 1742 | Remd. in | | - | | | | Flanders | | - | | | | | | - | 3rd ditto | Honeywood | 1742 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 4th ditto | Rich | 1742 | 1746 | 1747 | - | | | | | | - | 6th ditto | | | | | - | (Inniskilling) |Lord Cadogan| 1742 |} Remained | | - | | | |} in | | - | 7th ditto | Cope | 1742 |} Flanders. | | - | | | | | | - | FOOT GUARDS. | | | | | - | | | | | | - | 1st Foot Guards | Duke of | | | | - | 1st Battalion | Cumberland | 1742 | 1746 | 1747 | - | | | | | | - | 2nd ditto ditto | Duke of | | | | - | | Marlborough| 1742 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 3rd ditto ditto | Earl of | | | | - | | Dunmore | 1742 | 1746 | 1747 | - | | | | | | - | INFANTRY. | | | | | - | | | | | | - | 1st Foot | | | | | - | 1st Batt. | St. Clair | 1744 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 3rd ditto | | | | | - | (Buffs) | Howard | 1742 | 1746 | 1747 | - | | | | | | - | 4th ditto | Barrel | 1744 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 8th ditto | Onslow | 1742 | 1746 | 1747 | - | | | | | | - | 11th ditto | Cornwallis | 1742 | Remd. in | | - | | | | Flanders | | - | | | | | | - | 12th ditto | Duroure | 1742 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 13th ditto | Pulteney | 1742 | 1746 | 1747 | - | | | | | | - | 18th ditto | Mordaunt | 1743 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 19th ditto | | | Remd. in | | - | (Green) | Howard | 1744 | Flanders | | - | | | | | | - | 20th ditto | Bligh | 1742 | 1746 | 1747 | - | | | | | | - | 21st ditto, | | | | | - | Royal Nth. | | | | | - | British | | | | | - | Fusiliers | Campbell | 1742 | 1746 | 1747 | - | | | | | | - | 23rd ditto, | | | | | - | Royal Welsh | | | | | - | Fusiliers | Peers | 1742 | 1746 | 1747 | - | | | | | | - | 25th ditto | Earl of | | | | - | | Rothes | 1744 | 1746 | 1747 | - | | | | | | - | 28th ditto | Bragg | 1744 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 31st ditto | Handasyd | 1742 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 32nd ditto | Skelton | 1742 |} Remained | | - | | | |} in | | - | 33rd ditto | Johnson | 1742 |} Flanders. | | - | | | | | | - | 34th ditto |Cholmondeley| 1744 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 36th ditto | Fleming | 1744 | 1746 | 1747 | - | | | | | | - | 37th ditto | Ponsonby | 1742 | 1746 | 1747 | - | | | | | | - | 42nd ditto | Lord | | | | - | | Semphill | 1744 | 1746 | | - | | | | | | - | 48th ditto | Lord Harry | | | | - | | Beauclerk | 1744 | 1746 | 1747 | - +-----------------+------------+--------+--------------+-----------+ - - - LONDON:--Printed by WILLIAM CLOWES and SONS, Stamford Street, - For Her Majesty's Stationery Office. - - - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[6] This nobleman was John (sixth) Earl of Mar, the son of Charles -(fifth) Earl of Mar, who raised the TWENTY-FIRST regiment, and was -the first colonel of that regiment. On his decease, on the 23rd of -April, 1689, his son John became Earl of Mar, and was honored with -several appointments by Queen Anne. Upon the arrival of King George -I., he was informed that his services were no longer required -as Third Secretary of State, and he retired to his estates in -Scotland where he raised a rebellion, and proclaimed the Pretender -at Kirk-Michael, in Perthshire, on the 11th of September, 1715. -After the defeat of the rebels at Sheriff-muir, he escaped from -Scotland, and in 1716, was attainted of high treason. He followed -the Pretender to Rome, and remained in his service until 1721, when -he removed to Paris where he remained until 1729. From Paris he -retired to Aix-la-Chapelle, where he died, in May, 1732. His son, -Thomas, Lord Erskine, enjoyed his father's forfeited estates, which -were conveyed to him in 1739 by his uncle, Mr. Erskine of Grange, -who bought them of the Commissioners for the benefit of his nephew. - -[7] A List of the British regiments which served in Flanders and -Germany, between 1742 and 1748, during the "_War of the Austrian -Succession_," is given in page 64. - -[8] See Memoir of Major-General Robert Ross at page 75 of the -Historical Record of the _Twentieth_ Regiment. - - - - - TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - A superscript is denoted by ^x or ^{xx}. For example, M^cDonald or - Esq^{re}. - - Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within - the text and consultation of external sources. - - In the table on Pg 64 at the end of the book, some unnecessary - bracketing with } has been removed for clarity. - - Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, - and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example: - Neer Hespen, Neer-Hespen; TWENTY-FIRST, TWENTY FIRST; favor, favour; - situate; despatch; insure. - - Pg 13, 'FUSILEERS and Third' replaced by 'FUSILIERS and Third'. - Pg 18, 'clans, was found' replaced by 'clans, it was found'. - Pg 33, '[Sidenote: 1804'] moved up one paragraph. - Pg 47, '[Sidenote: 1827'] moved down one paragraph. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Twenty-First -or The Royal North British Fusiliers:, by Richard Cannon - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ROYAL NORTH BRITISH FUSILIERS *** - -***** This file should be named 54029-0.txt or 54029-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/4/0/2/54029/ - -Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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