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diff --git a/old/53875-0.txt b/old/53875-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 32603a2..0000000 --- a/old/53875-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,8365 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Madame Young's Guide to Health, by -Madame Young and Amelia Young - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Madame Young's Guide to Health - Her experience and practice for nearly forty years - -Author: Madame Young - Amelia Young - -Release Date: January 3, 2017 [EBook #53875] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MADAME YOUNG'S GUIDE TO HEALTH *** - - - - -Produced by MFR, Les Galloway and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - - - - - - - -[Illustration: MADAME YOUNG, M. D.] - - - - - MADAME YOUNG’S - - GUIDE TO HEALTH; - - HER EXPERIENCE AND PRACTICE - FOR NEARLY FORTY YEARS; - - A TRUE - - FAMILY HERBAL, - - WHEREIN IS DISPLAYED THE TRUE PROPERTIES AND MEDICAL - VIRTUES OF ALL THE ROOTS, HERBS, &c., INDIGENOUS - TO THE UNITED STATES, AND THEIR COMBINATION - IN ALL THE DISEASES THE HUMAN - BODY IS HEIR TO; ALSO, AN - - EXPLANATION OF THE HUMAN BODY, - - ITS LIABILITY TO INJURIES THROUGH IGNORANCE - OF US STRUCTURE. - - DEDICATED EXCLUSIVELY TO HER SEX. - - ILLUSTRATED WITH DESCRIPTIVE ENGRAVINGS. - - _I’ll be as happy as my fortune will permit, and make others so, - if I can._ - - ROCHESTER, N.Y.: - PRESS OF A. STRONG & CO., DEMOCRAT AND AMERICAN OFFICE. - 1858. - - - - - Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1858 - - BY AMELIA YOUNG, - - In the Clerk’s Office of the Northern District of New York. - - - STEREOTYPED BY - CHAS. H. M’DONELL, - ROCHESTER. N. Y. - - - - -INDEX. - - - Abdomen, the, 124 - - Abortion, 131 - - After Pains, 106 - - Ague, 23 - - Angelica, 12 - - Alder, Black (See Errata below.), 16 - Do Dwarf, 24 - - Alterative, 27 - - Anti-bilious Physic, 54, 57, 98 - Do Pills, 49 - Do Female Pills, 59 - - Appetite, loss of, 12, 32, 101, 104 - Do Regular, 17 - - Asparagus Roots, 89 - - Asthma, 21, 30, 38, 39, 55, 83, 105 - - Asthmatic Elixir, 79 - - Astringent, 31 - - Avens, 39 - - - Back, pains in the, 18, 28, 34 - Do weak, 87 - - Balmory, or Snakehead, 12 - - Balsam of Honey, 96 - Do Fir, 23 - Do of Life, 46 - - Bathing, 140 - Do Anodine Solution, 92 - - Beer, 86 - Do Indian, 60 - - Beggar Lice, (Nervine), 12 - - Beth, or Pappoose Root, 28 - - Bitters, Anti-scorbutic, 55 - - Bitter Root, 21, 28 - - Bitter Sweet, 35 - - Bladder, derangement of, 23, 31, 32 - Do Stone in, 77 - - Bleeding, to stop, 69 - - Blisters, Butternut for, 41 - - Blood, cleansing the, 13, 20, 24, 26, 28, 29, 34, 82, 86 - Do Root, 95 - Do Spitting, 25, 36, 105 - Do to warm the, 81, 93 - Do Vomiting of, 48 - - Bloody Flux, 27, 53, 89 - - Blue Flag, 13 - - Boils, 56, 57, 68 - - Bones, broken, 78 - - Bone Ointment, 95 - - Bowels, complaints of the, 20, 90 - Do Inflammation of, 47 - Do Pains in the, 22, 41 - Do the, 161 - Do to regulate, 63 - Do weak, 19, 35 - - Breast, Cancer in the, 36 - Do Pain in the, 85 - Do Sore, 23, 76, 82 - - Bronchites, 30 - - Bruises, poultice for, 23, 68 - - Bryony, White, 25 - - Buckthorn, 32 - - Burdock Root, 28 - - Burns or Scalds, 25, 33, 70, 77, 78 - - - Cachexies, 31, 32 - - Camomile, 33 - - Cancer, 36, 65, 68, 75, 98, 99 - - Canker, 22, 30 - - Carbuncles, 109 - - Carrot Seed, 23 - - Carroway Seed, 23 - - Catamenia, 85 - - Catarrh, 26, 91 - - Catnip, 18 - - Cathartic, 28, 29, 32 - - Celandine, 24 - - Chest, formation of, 115 - Do Pains in the, 17, 24 - - Chick Weed, 34 - - Chilblains, 86 - - Children, Diet of, 177 - - Cholera Morbus, 87 - - Cholic, Billious, 23, 24 - Do Wind, 12, 19, 23, 39, 72, 80, 111 - - Chronic Disorders, 27 - - Chylification, 164 - - Chymification, 163 - - Clap, 37 - - - Coffee, Medical, 53 - - Cohosh Root, 27 - - Comfrey, 36 - - Colds, 34, 66 - - Composition, 42, 61 - - Convulsions, 25 - - Consumption, 33, 78, 84, 86 - - Consumptive Complaints, 62, 71 - Do Females, 85 - Do Persons, 19, 25, 38, 97 - - Cordial, Neutralising, 90 - - Corns, 103 - - Costiveness, 39 - - Cough, 11, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 34, 44, 63, 66, 104 - Do Drops, Acid, 50 - Do Mixture, 43, 72, 91 - Do Powders, 51, 53 - Do Syrup, 84 - - Cramps, 25 - - Cranesbill, 24 - - Crosswort, 20 - - Cucumber, Wild, 107 - - - Dandelion, 20 - - Deafness, 62, 100 - - Debility or Languor, 12, 20, 22, 34, 39, 86, 104 - - Decline of Life in Females, 28 - - Diabetes, 47, 83 - - Diaphoretic, 21 - - Diaphragm, 121 - - Diarrhœa, 22, 36, 39 - - Diet, Children’s, 31 - - Digestion, 19, 55 - Do Time of, 184 - - Digestive Organs, 159 - - Diuretic, 26, 32, 88 - - Dragon’s Claw, or Fever Root, 15 - - Dropsy, 14, 24, 26, 31, 32, 47, 49, 65, 61, 73, 95, 108 - Do Hydrogogue purge for, 25 - Do of the Brain, 54 - Do of the Chest, 48 - - Dysentery, 21, 27, 28, 36, 37, 39, 42, 59, 98 - - Dyspepsia, 12 - - - Ear-ache, 24, 68 - - Elecampane, 25 - - Elm, Slippery, 25 - - Elixir Pro, 65, 78 - - Emetic, 21, 28, 29, 42, 109 - Do Anti Drops, 52, 93 - - Epilepsy, 40 - - Eruptions, Cutaneous, 19 - - Essences, to make, 58 - - Evacuation, 165 - - Evergreen, or Wintergreen, 13 - - Expectorant, 19 - - Extracts, ordinary, 220 - - Eye Water, 60, 68 - - Eyes Inflammation of the, 13, 24, 63 - - Eyes, Film on the, 107 - Do Sore, 32, 57, 58 - Do Weak, 56 - - Eye Wash, 43 - - - Febrifuge, 15, 39 - - Feet, Cold, 87 - - Female Difficulties, 14, 22, 28 - Do Weakness, 87 - - Fevers, 11, 17, 19, 20, 24, 32, 33, 34, 93 - Do Cathartic for, 110 - Do Indian Remedy for, 111 - Do Intermittent, 39 - Do Root, 15 - Do Sores, 51 - Do Typhoid, 139 - - Fits, 32, 40, 82, 86, 106 - - Flatulence, 19 - - Flooding, 27 - - Fluid Secretions, 16 - - Fluor Albus, 37 - - Flux, 37, 77 - - Fœtus, Development of, 5 - - Food, remarks on, 181, 184 - - Foxglove, 37 - - Fruit, to Preserve, 58 - - Fumatory, 20 - - - Gall, Ox, 64, 95 - - Gall Cake, to loosen the, 21 - - Gestation, period of, 9 - - Gleet, 19 - - Goitre, or Adam’s Apple, 93 - - Golden Rod, 31 - Do Seal, 32 - - Gonorrhœa, 19 - - Gooseberry, 34 - - Gout, 33, 51 - - Gravel, 18, 23, 24, 43, 95 - - Gruel, 31 - - Gullet, the, 123 - - - Hair, to promote the growth of the, 98 - - Headache, 17, 20, 24, 44, 79, 91 - - Head, Bald, 25 - Do Cold in, 24 - - Hemlock, 34 - - Herb Tea, 142 - - Herbs, Plants, etc., 191 - - Hips, Basket of the, 126 - - Hives in Children, 100 - - Hops, 22 - - Huckleberry, 23 - - Humors, 20, 89, 94 - - Hydrogogue, 21 - - Hypochondria, 32 - - Hysterics, 32 - - - Ice Plant, 32 - - Indigestion, 82 - - Indian Women, hardihood of, 112 - - Infants, 169 - - Inflammation, 25, 33, 34, 51, 62 - - Injections, 42, 105 - - Ippecacuanha, 21 - - Itch, 25, 36, 102 - - - Jacob’s Ladder, 18 - - Jaundice, 12, 23, 24, 32, 33, 36, 102 - - Joints, Swelling of, 69 - Do Weak, 77 - - - Kidneys, 19, 21, 23, 31, 32, 125 - - King’s Evil, 24, 70, 86 - - - Lavender, 88 - - Laxative, 19 - - Leek, Garden, 18 - - Legs, pain in, 81 - - Lilly, Pond, 33 - - Lobelia, 21 - - Lockjaw, 41 - - Lime Water, 63 - - Liver, Derangements of, 20 - Do Inflammation of, 48 - Do to Strengthen, 93 - Do the, 123, 161 - - Lumbago, 110 - - Lungs, Soreness of, 24, 30 - - - Madder, 33 - - Maiden Hair, 22 - - Malefern, 35 - - Mandrake Powders, 49 - - Marks on Children, 84 - - Marsh Mallow, 30 - - Marsh Rose Moss, 19 - - Mallows, 43 - - Masterwort, 19 - - Mastication, 161 - - Masturbation, 133 - - Mayweed, 27 - - Measures, 50 - - Medicamentum, Young’s, 90 - - Melancholy, 32 - - Menses, Obstructed, 36 - Do Suppression of, 13, 17, 47 - - Menstrual Discharge, 19 - - Mercury to cleanse from the blood, 101 - - Milk, or Silk Weed, 26 - - Monthly Courses, 23, 24 - - Mortification, 19, 80 - - Moss, Ground, 45 - - Mouth, the, 160 - - Mucous, Cold, 17 - - Mustard Seed, black and white, 17 - - - Narcotic, 22 - - Nervine, 30, 32 - - Nervous Fevers, 15, 17 - - Nerve Ointment, 42, 91 - - Nettles, 28, 44 - - Nipples, Sore, 62 - - Nose, bleeding at the, 49 - - - Oak, white, black and yellow, 31 - - Oats, 31 - - Ointment, Rheumatic, 45 - Do Vegetable, 50, 56, 102 - Do Universal, 92 - - Ointments, 222 - - Opodeldoc, 81 - - Opium, 153 - - Opthalmia, 13 - - Ovaries, affections of, 28 - Do the, 127 - - - Pæonie, Garden, 40 - - Pain in the Side, 23 - - Pains, Bathing for, 64, 98 - - Parsley, 32 - - Peach Leaves, (for Cough), 11 - - Pectoral, 22, 28 - - Pennyroyal, 13 - - Perspiration, 18, 19, 28 - - Peruvian Bark, (See White Oak), 31 - - Physic, Family, 52, 70 - - Phlegm, 21 - - Phlegmatic Temperament, 27, 28 - - Phthisic, 21, 25, 41, 81 - - Physiology, 115 - - Pigeon Berry, 29 - - Piles, 24, 63, 79 - - Pillwort, 24 - - Pills, Antibillious, 49, 52, 96 - Do Family, 108 - - Plaster, 46, 83, 85 - - Pleurisy, 31, 103, 105 - - Poisonous Bites, 66 - - Poplar Bark, 20 - - Polypus, 58, 65 - - Poultice, 34, 77 - - Poke Root, 29 - - Powders, Mandrake, 49, 51 - Do Compound, 81 - Do Soda, 81 - - Pregnancy, 107 - - Prickly Ash, 12, 34 - - Prolapsus Uteri, 99 - - Prejudice, 145 - - Properties Explained, 223 - - Purge, 16, 25, 33, 39 - - - Queen of the Meadow, 21 - - - Raspberry, red, 22 - - Relax, 45, 51 - Do in Children, 59 - - Relaxation of the Solids, 84 - - Remittent Fever, 15 - - Rheumatism, 12, 13, 26, 27, 33, 36, 43, 46, 69, 76, 78, 80, 94 - Do Chronic, 94 - Do Inflammatory, 29 - Do Outward application for, 24 - - Rheumatic Powders, 59 - - Rheumatism, its causes, 149 - - Rickets, 28, 78, 110 - - Roots and Herbs, how to collect and Preserve, 135 - - Rose, 13 - - Ruptures, 36, 97, 100 - - - Salts, Volatile, 64 - - Salt Rheum, 46, 54, 75, 82, 106 - - Salve, 42, 59, 68, 96 - - Sassafras Bark, 26 - - Sarsaparilla Root, 27 - Do Syrup, 88 - - Scald Head, 54, 62 - - Scitica, 52 - - Scoke Root, 30 - - Scrofula, 26, 27, 30, 33, 35 - - Scrofulous Sores, 96, 99, 111 - - Senna, 38 - - Side, Stitch in, 28 - - Single-celled Berry, 14 - - Sinews, Shrunk, 23, 25 - - Small Pox, 104 - - Snake Root, black, 19 - Do do Canada, 27 - - Snake Weed, 29 - - Soap Oil, 96 - - Sudorific 27, 28, 90 - - Sore Mouth, 22, 29 - Do Eyes, 23 - - Sores, all kinds, 23, 24, 25, 33, 56, 92, 93 - - Sorrel Extract, 93 - - Southern Wood, or Old Man, 17 - - Spasmodic Affections, 18 - - Spasms, 49 - - Spearmint, 19 - - Spikenard, 34 - - Sprains and Bruises, 47, 90, 94 - - Strengthening, 31, 86 - - Stimulant, 17, 26, 27, 28, 32 - - Stimulating Embrocation, 80 - - Stomach, Complaints of, 32 - Do Sickness of, 13, 68 - Do Soreness of, 24, 39, 41, 49, 82 - Do Sour, 50 - Do Tincture, 63 - Do The, 160 - Do Weak, 85 - - Stone Root, 32 - - St. Anthony’s Fire, 93, 109 - - Succory, 19 - - Summer Savory, 12 - - Sweat, 24 - - Sweet Fern, 28, 35 - - Swellings, 23, 25, 36, 68, 72, 73, 87, 91 - - Synonyms, 211 - - Syrup, Alterative, 65 - Do Cleansing and Strengthening, 60 - Do Flax Seed, 84 - - - Tamarack, 34 - - Tar Syrup, 97 - - Tar Water, 60 - - Teeth, Aching or Decaying, 25 - Do Insensible to pain, 64 - - Testicles, Rupture of, 100 - - Thoroughwort, (Fevers), 11, 44 - - Throat, Sore, 41, 109 - - Tincture, Dewey’s, 80 - - Tonic, 20, 32, 91 - - Toothache, 12, 13, 24, 47, 64 - - Tooth Powder, 91 - - Thistle, Canada, 44 - - Tumors, 35 - - Turnip, Indian, 28, 95, 97 - - Typhus Fever, 15 - - - Ulcers, 23, 28, 30, 36, 63, 68, 73, 77, 92, 99 - - Unicorn Root, 29 - - Urinary Organs, diseases of, 18 - - Urine, Flow of, 19, 32, 37 - Do Incontinency of, 48 - Do Regulator of, 21, 31 - Do Retention of, 18, 25, 24, 28 - - Uva Ursa Leaves, 19 - - - Venereal Disease, 27 - - Vervain, 20 - - Virgin’s Bower, 26 - - Viscera, Obstruction of, 20 - Do Secretions of, 31 - - Vomit, 33 - - Vomiting, 48 - - Vermifuge, 22, 26, 35 - - - Wash, 31 - - Water Fennel, 30 - - Water Trefoil, 33 - - Waters, Double-distilled, 222 - - Weakness, 35, 99, 103 - - Whites, 36, 37 - - Whooping Cough, 75, 104 - - Wind, 23 - - Wine, Currant, 88 - Do Elder, 91 - - Wintergreen, 13 - - Witlows, 57 - - Womb, and Appendages, 126 - Do Diseases of, 129 - Do Derangement of, 35 - Do Falling of, 22, 28 - - Worms, 12, 17, 32, 35, 41, 43, 64, 74, 101 - - Wormwood, 32 - - - - -=ERRATA.=--The two line paragraph near top of page 17, should follow -the fourth paragraph on page 16,—“for children, in coughs and -costiveness, &c.,” should be followed by “the above is also very good -for children, &c.” - - - - -PREFACE. - - -MY BELOVED SEX: - -I have taken upon myself a great task, at the age of sixty-two, through -love for you and the rising generation. The Scripture teaches,—_Where -much is given, much will be required_; that is the case with me. -Nature’s gift was liberal, and this gift I had ample means to cultivate. - -I left Boston, my native place, and kind parents, at the age of -fifteen, for Montreal, there to acquire and master languages which my -native home could not bestow. Here I devoted three years to French -and Latin, as they were absolutely necessary for my advancement in -Philosophy and Botany. I remained here some years, and frequently -visited the Iroquois tribe, learning much of them in the healing art. - -I began to keep a regular manuscript of all I could possibly learn from -every tribe and nation, not allowing myself to be biased by prejudice. - -My beloved friends, daily do I read books that are styled Herbal, on -the Virtues of Roots, Herbs, &c., and have not only discovered in -them an almost innumerable quantity of errors and defects, but also a -multiplicity of directions for their uses which my own knowledge and -practice proves ineffectual in the cure of the complaints to which -these treatisers have directed their applications. - -I likewise give you a description of the human body, or, in a word, the -Living Animal, easy and comprehensive, that it may be understood by -every one who reads it. I have written it in a plain, easy and familiar -style, adapted to all capacities. It is the sincere wish of my heart, -that it may prove a blessing to all. - - MADAME YOUNG, M. D. - -[Illustration: Plate 1. Development of the fœtus] - - - - -DEVELOPMENT OF THE FŒTUS. - - -WHEN conception first takes place, an ovum is detached, -which is carried through the fallopian tubes or oviduct, to the uterus, -and has been observed in that organ by Sir E. Home, eight days after -impregnation. - -About the fourth week, it resembles a tadpole, the appendage or tail -being probably the spinal marrow; a small point is perceived below the -head which pulsates and indicates the region of the heart; below this -the abdomen appears. Thus, the brain, spinal marrow and heart are first -called into action, the other parts being brought forward as required -by nature. - -About the sixth week, two small, black spots proclaim the development -of the eyes; the mouth appearing about the same time; the upper -and lower limbs soon become discernable. The intestinal tube is -perpendicular, running along the spine. - -At two months, all parts of the child are present; the eyes and -eyebrows are visible; the limbs are developed; the fingers are closed -on each other, though flimsy; the head now forms comparatively the -third part of the body, in size. Its weight is about half an ounce, and -length about three inches. - -Between the ninth and tenth weeks, the mouth is plainly defined, the -lips drawn closely together; the eyelids close the eyes; the opening of -the ears begin to appear; the spinal tail shortens, and the fingers and -toes assume their proper shape and position. - -Towards the third month, the face is distinct; the front part of the -chest is covered in by the iternum; the intestines, hitherto contained -in the umbilical cord, enter the abdomen; the skin begins to be -organized; the embryo is now from four to six inches in length, and -weighs from one and a half to two ounces. - -At the fourth month, the upper and lower extremities are equal; the -skin is downy; the bones and muscles are so far formed as to be under -the control of, and are now moved by the fœtus. It measures about seven -or eight inches in length, and weighs between seven to eight ounces. - -About the fifth month, the auricles and vesicles of the heart are -equal; the toe and finger nails are marked; the skin is still red; -the features become plainly developed. The length of the fœtus is ten -inches, and the weight about sixteen ounces. - -At the sixth month, the hair appears; the brain becomes homogeneous; -the nails may be plainly distinguished; the form of the child is now -distinct. The length twelve inches, and the weight nearly two pounds. - -At the seventh month, the skin is of a rosy color, cellular substance -becomes developed; the eyelids are covered; the bile is bitter; every -part of the fœtus is enlarged, and so far developed that if born at -this time it will be able to breathe, cry and nurse, but very difficult -to raise, or bring up, requiring, as it does, a great amount of care, -and constant attention. Lacking animal heat, it must be imparted to it -by being kept wrapt in a soft, flannel blanket, and in the lap of -the nurse, or lay close to its mother, as its own power of generating -heat is very feeble, therefore that heat necessary to its existence -must be supplied to it. It is very seldom they are strong enough, -bodily or constitutionally, to endure washing or dressing. Natural, or -animal heat, is far preferable to fire heat. The length of the body -fourteen inches, and weight about three pounds. - -[Illustration: Plate 2.Development of the fœtus] - -At the eighth month, all the parts are more developed; the infant -measures sixteen inches, and weighs between four and five pounds. - -At the ninth month, the infant has acquired the perfect form of the -human species; the two substances of the brain are quite distinct; -the muscular system well developed, the bones are strong, the motions -of the child quick and lively, the heart pulsates rapidly, and the -circulation has become very active. The length of the body is generally -twenty inches, and the weight seven or eight pounds; the crown of -woman’s bliss--the true effects of wedded love. - -[Illustration: Plate 3. Woman showing position of fœtus] - -[Illustration: Plate 4. Woman showing position of twins] - - - - -PERIOD OF GESTATION. - - -THE usual period of gestation, (carrying the child -in the womb,) as derived from extended observation by medical -statisticians, is found to be forty weeks, or 280 days. Ladies -generally count nine solar months, which is a little short of 280 days. -The difficulty of determining from which particular act of cohabitation -conception took place, and still more, the impossibility of knowing on -what day the semen of the male impregnated the ovum of the female, (as -this may not occur for some days after copulation,) renders certainty -upon the length of gestation, to a day, quite out of the question in -any case. But by close observation, and taking a great number of cases, -it may be ascertained, to within a brief period, when conception has -occurred, and from thence the average deduction of gestation may be -drawn. But upon this point, as upon all others connected with the -subject of gestation, it will be found that there is no fixed period -for parturition to take place. It may occur before the expiration of -280 days; it may not happen till after that period. There have been -undoubted instances where gestation has been prolonged to 300 days. -The law of France fixes 300 days as the period, after death, or absence -of the husband, wherein the child shall be considered legitimate. In -Scotland, the term is ten months. In one case in this country, a child -born 311 days after the decease of the husband, was decided by the -Court to be legitimate; but physiologists would be dubious upon the -legitimacy of the infant in a case so prolongated as this. - -On the other hand, children are often born before the expiration of the -280 days. Seven and eight months’ children, that live, are by no means -uncommon; and there have been recorded cases of children born at even -so short a period as twenty-four weeks after conception, which lived; -the child itself, from the formation and ossification it presented, -giving evidence that it had not been a longer period than that in the -womb. A Church Court, in England, decided a child legitimate born -twenty-seven weeks after marriage. In cases of this kind, the child -itself is the best evidence; the appearance it presents showing, to -the medical man, generally, very near its fœtal age. There are so -many instances recorded, and well attested cases, where children have -been born at a much less time, after conception, than nine months, -that no woman should be accused or suspected of wrong in giving birth -to a child a little short of the usual period, after marriage. It is -exceedingly unjust to do so. The mortification which many sensitive -ladies, entirely innocent of evil, experience, and the mental anguish -they endure from such thoughtless remarks as the ignorant, upon these -points, are too prone to make, leads me to hope that men and women -will hereafter better inform themselves upon this subject, and from a -better knowledge be induced to abstain from unjust conversation and -condemnation. - -[Illustration: Plate 5. Diagram of womb] - -[Illustration: Plate 6. Diagram of womb] - - - - -FAMILY HERBAL. - - -THOROUGHWORT - -Has been introduced extensively into practice throughout the United -States, and appears to be superior to camomile as a sudorific tonic, -and far preferable to bark, in the treatment of the local autumnal -fevers of the country, prevalent near the streams, lakes and marshes, -often curing when other tonics failed. A warm decoction of boneset, -till it vomits freely, is generally sufficient to break up almost any -fever in its commencement; it cleanses the stomach, and excites the -secretive organs; relaxes constriction, produces a free perspiration, -and, of course, throws off the disease. For colds, it is a complete -remedy, always observing to take a draught of the cold tea after the -sweat is over, which will prevent an additional cold on exposure. - -Boneset may be managed to act as a tonic, a sudorific, a laxative, or -an emetic. - - -PEACH LEAVES AND TWIGS - -Are useful in a bad cough. Steeped down to a strong tea, with about -half of the quantity of skunk-cabbage, add the same quantity of good -molasses as there is of tea, and take half a wineglass three or four -times a day. I have cured an obstinate cough with this medicine. - -Peach pits, or meats, are very useful in bitters to assist the -digestive organs, and prevent inflammation of the kidneys and bladder. -The leaves and twigs have the same properties as the meats, and will -answer when the meats cannot be obtained. A strong tea made of peach -leaves, will stop excessive vomiting. - - -BALMORRY, OR SNAKEHEAD. - -This herb is found in moist fields, frequently near small streams or -rivulets, and has a very bitter taste. It is much used for bitters; -for correcting the bile, it is a tonic and anti-bilious, much used in -jaundice, dyspepsia, loss of appetite, general languor and debility; -good for children troubled with worms. It is one of the ingredients in -my spiced bitters. An even teaspoonful of the powder is a dose. - - -ANGELICA - -Is found in all parts of the United States. Its medical properties are -the same as the garden angelica of Europe. - - -SUMMER SAVORY, - -An annual plant, growing without cultivation in the south of Europe; -is cultivated in our gardens; principally used to season food. It is -stimulant, and has a tendency to remove pain and wind. - - -PRICKLY ASH. - -The bark and berries of the prickly ash are stimulant, tonic, and -energetic. It has been highly esteemed as a remedy for chronic -rheumatism, and is a celebrated remedy for the toothache; a very -common ingredient in bitters; it possesses somewhat the properties of -guaiacum. By a long continuance in taking this bark, it is said to -produce salivation. The dose to be taken is from ten grains to half a -drachm, to be repeated three or four times a day. - - -EVERGREEN, OR WINTERGREEN. - -An excellent remedy for cleansing the blood. The oil is good for the -toothache, and is used to disguise many popular panaceas. - - -ROSE. - -The flower is tonic and astringent. Dr. Beach prescribes the rose water -in connection with the pith of young sassafras twigs, in ophthalmia, or -inflammation of the eyes. - - -PENNYROYAL. - -Found all over the United States, and in Canada. It is gently -stimulant, produces universal perspiration when taken in large -quantities, warm, and we consider it the best drink to accompany -the lobelia emetic. In cases of sudden suppression of the menses, a -tumblerful of this drink, with an even teaspoonful of black pepper, -powdered fine, sweetened and drank warm, after soaking the feet in -weak ley, will rarely fail producing the desired effect. It is useful -to qualify, or mix other medicines for sickness at the stomach, colds, -&c., and may be drank freely. - - -BLUE FLAG. - -Found throughout the United States, by the side of streams and wet -places. It flowers in June, has a very handsome blue flower; grows -about two feet high. The Oneida Indians make much use of this root -for the cure of rheumatism. Make a strong tincture of the blue flag -root, by putting it into spirits, or alcohol; let the patient take -a teaspoonful three times a day, after eating, increasing the dose -gradually. If it should produce slight pains in the head and breast, -take less at a time. - - -BEGGAR LICE. - -The virtues of this plant has never, to my knowledge, been thoroughly -understood. As a nervine in all female difficulties, and a valuable -medicine when used for any derangement in the monthly courses, it has -not many equals; it will remove pain immediately, and quiet the nerves. - -DIRECTIONS.--Take a handful of the flowers and leaves, and half the -quantity of tanzy; make a good strong tea, and take a quantity on going -to bed, if you can; if not, take it, but do not go out in the cold. The -best time is bed time. - - -SINGLE-CELLED BERRY. - -Grows in hedges, and along the road sides, in almost every part of -America; flowers in July and August; the berry contains three irregular -shaped seeds. - -MEDICAL VIRTUES.--A decoction of the berries and roots, has been found -most efficacious in curing dropsies. - -PREPARATION.--Boil two ounces of the dry root, in two quarts of rain -water, down to one half, and strain the liquor. In dropsy, a gill of -the decoction must be taken morning and night. A gill of the juice -made from the inner, or green bark, works powerfully, both upwards and -downwards, and has frequently cured dropsies. One ounce of the inner -bark, dried, and one ounce of the dry roots, may be boiled in four -quarts of rain water, down to two quarts; a teacupful, taken three -times a day, works powerfully as a diuretic, and is an excellent remedy -in suppression of the urine. - - -DRAGON’S CLAW, OR FEVER ROOT. - -This is a newly discovered plant, known to but few botanists in the -United States. It rises six or seven feet; the leaves grow in a cluster -from the root to the top; blossoms, yellow; roots, small and black, -about the size of cloves, and very tender, very much resembling the -claws of an animal, and so full of nitre that the powder of the root, -if kept in the open air, will liquify. - -HISTORY.--This plant grows upon mountains and the sides of hills, in -the Genesee country, and about Albany: the leaves ovate, and are two or -three inches long. - -MEDICAL VIRTUES.--It is a powerful febrifuge, and I have found it a -sure and quick medicine in exciting perspiration, without increasing -the heat of the body. The root is effectual in all remittent, typhus, -and nervous fevers, and will relieve the patient of all pains caused by -colds. - -PREPARATION.--After prescribing a mild puke of the American -ipecacuanha, and the physic has done working, I give one or two ounces -of the root, to be put into two quarts of rain water, and boiled -down to one, and giving the patient, in bed, a teacupful of the -strained liquor every hour, which causes a plentiful perspiration, and -generally stops the fever in a few hours. The night-hectic fever, in -a consumptive patient, I have relieved by the above treatment. It is -an excellent medicine in pleurisy, and a sure remedy in erysipelatose -fever. - -Pulverize the root, sift the powder through a fine hair sieve, and put -it in bottles, well stopped from the air. A teaspoonful of this powder -may be taken every two hours, in a teacupful of black snakeroot tea, in -order to raise a speedy diaphoresis, or perspiration, in pleurisies and -fever, when they are violent. - - -BLACK ALDER - -Rises to the height of a small tree, and is much branched towards -the top; the young shoots are full of pith--the old ones empty; the -leaves are pinnated, consisting of two or three pair, with an odd one -at the end; flowers, sweet smelling, white, and produced on large, -flat umbels, or clusters. The fruit is a round, succulent berry, of a -blackish purple color, and contains three seeds. - -HISTORY.--This tree grows in hedges and clumps, along the borders of -meadows or flats, in every part of the United States; flowers in July, -and the berries are ripe in September. - -MEDICAL VIRTUES.--An infusion, in wine, of the inner bark of the trunk, -or the expressed juice of the berries, in a dose of an ounce, will -purge moderately, and, taken in small doses,--say a teaspoonful every -hour,--proves an efficacious diabetruent, capable of promoting and -assisting all the fluid secretions. The following is a good medicine in -families, for the cure of recent colds and coughs:— - -Take of the juice of elderberries, strained, ten pounds, and add three -pounds of loaf sugar; evaporate in a bake pan, over a slow fire, -into the consistence of thick honey. A tablespoonful or two may be -taken at bed time; and two teaspoonsful, for children, in coughs and -costiveness, will prove effectual. -taking a teaspoonful or two every hour. - -In erysipelatosed fever, a teacupful of the infusion of dry flowers, -(made by pouring a quart of boiling water on a handful of the flowers,) -may be taken every hour, and the parts wet with the following -wash:--Boil four ounces of beech drops, in four quarts of rain water, -down to one half; strain the decoction, and add to it a teaspoonful of -sugar of lead. The face and arms may be wet with a linen rag, dipped -in this lotion, four or five times a day, which never fails to cure, -after necessary evacuations. - -The above is also very good for children having the whooping cough, by - - -SOUTHERN WOOD, OR OLD MAN. - -There are few who are ignorant of the existence of this plant, or -unacquainted with its aromatic fragrance. It is to be found in almost -every garden; flowers of a lilac-tinged, grayish color. - -MEDICAL PROPERTIES.--There are very few who really know how useful this -plant is. It is stimulant, sudorific, antiseptic, anti-hysterical, -and, I consider it, a great nervine. It is an excellent remedy for the -headache, and to check a too profuse flow of the menses; is also good -for worms. - - -BLACK MUSTARD SEED. - -Take a handful, pound and mix with rye meal; good for pains in the -chest, or elsewhere. Mix with water only; put the poultice on the soles -of the feet. - - -WHITE MUSTARD SEED. - -Very little known; it is a valuable medicine,--simple and efficacious -in all cases where the stomach is weakened by taking too much medicine; -it creates warmth in the stomach, that is, it expels wind and removes -that cold mucous from the stomach, assisting the digestive organs in -their functions, and creates a regular appetite. I have found it good -for worms. - -DIRECTIONS.--Take two large tablespoonsful of seeds, clean and free -from dirt, and put them into a half teacupful of spearmint tea; take -a teaspoonful morning, noon, and bed time. Keep the decoction covered -close, and should they become dry, add more tea. You must not chew -them, but swallow them whole. Follow this treatment for fifteen -days in succession. Give less to a child, in proportion to age and -constitution, sweetened with sugar or molasses. - - -CATNIP. - -Notwithstanding this plant is but little thought of in regular -practice, it is a very valuable herb. I have used it, with motherwort, -for menstruation, and found it gave relief instantly, especially where -they were swollen or bloated. I have often used it successfully in -treating children in cases of fits, caused by worms. Make a half pint -of strong, catnip tea, add an even teaspoonful of fine salt, two or -three tablespoonsful of molasses, one tablespoonful of sweet oil, or -hog’s lard; inject two-thirds of it, and keep it up ten or fifteen -minutes, which may be done by compressing the parts with the hand. It -will bring away the super-abundance of mucous slime which, in such -cases, collects on the internal surface of the intestinal canal. - -Catnip tea is very useful in fevers, producing perspiration without -increasing the heat of the body; it is also an excellent remedy in -spasmodic affections. I have used it instead of pennyroyal for an -emetic; but I prefer pennyroyal in all cases where a vegetable emetic -is to be given. - - -GARDEN LEAK. - -Though having a very offensive smell, is good for the gravel and all -diseases of the urinary organs. - - -JACOB’S LADDER. - -Good for retention of the urine, pain in the back, loins, &c.; can be -taken as a tea. - - -UVA URSA LEAVES - -Are excellent for consumptive persons, and, I would say, drink -plentifully of the tea, by steeping it well; add a little licorice root. - - -SPEARMINT - -Is a native of the States. It is warming and exhilarating in its -nature, and has all the properties of the peppermint, but works more on -the kidneys, and causes a copious flow of urine and perspiration. - - -MASTERWORT. - -The roots and seeds are aromatic, expectorant and laxative; they are -good to promote menstrual discharge. I can highly recommend it to -all who are troubled with cholic and flatulent disorders; it helps -digestion, and warms the stomach. - - -MARSH ROSE MOSS. - -This I have used successfully in cases of gleet and gonorrhœa; use a -decoction made from the roots. - - -SUCCORY. - -This plant grows wild, and is generally found in pastures; has long -leaves, with a rib down the middle; very bitter. The wild succory -is the strongest, and I generally prefer it in my practice. It is -laxative, and excellent in fevers, cutaneous eruptions, and weak bowels. - - -BLACK SNAKE ROOT. - -This root is diaphoretic, very warming, and promotes perspiration; in -a word, it is a strengthening cordial for all feeble persons. Steep it -and sweeten with sugar; good as a drink in all fevers; its use will -prevent mortification in a fractured limb. - - -WILD POPLAR BARK. - -A great tonic, as well as a pleasant bitter; valuable, and far superior -to peruvian bark for intermittent fever. Take it when the fever is off. - -Put a handful of the inner bark in a quart of luke-warm water, and let -it stand a few hours; take a wineglassful in the morning, at noon, and -at bed time. - - -DANDELION. - -The roots and leaves are opening, cleansing the liver and gall; it -opens all the secretions of the viscera, cleanses the blood, and is -good in fevers and general debility. - - -VERVAIN. - -This herb is good for headaches. Steep in good vinegar, and bind on -externally. - - -CROSSWORT. - -This herb is excellent in all bowel complaints, and is a good drink -with your meals. The Shakers use this instead of tea and coffee; it -makes a very pleasant drink when made weak; boil, or steep it in hot -water, ten minutes, in order to make it palatable. - - -FUMITORY - -Is an excellent herb, and makes a good, pleasant tea; is cooling; good -for humors, and all cutaneous eruptions of the skin. - - -QUEEN OF THE MEADOW. - -Leaves and flowers possess the same virtues. It is very seldom -used by females in the United States. This herb should be in every -collection; an excellent regulator in all urinary difficulties, where -the evacuations are scant, or too profuse; strengthens the kidneys and -bladder. - - -BITTER ROOT, OR AMERICAN IPECACUANHA. - -Grows in wood bogs, and on low, sandy land; is emetic, and an excellent -hydragogue, causing the water to pass off freely; is diaphoretic, -possessing the same virtues as the English Ipecacuanha, but I prefer -it as it is rather milder. It is the bitterest root we have it Botany. -In another part of this book may be found a recipe for making the -tincture. When properly administered, it is good in almost all ailments. - - -LOBELIA, - -Sometimes called “emetic weed,” or “Indian tobacco.” I have used this -herb with success; not sufficient to cause vomiting, but merely to -loosen the phlegm and the gall cakes, or gall stones, which are formed -by inward heat. It will act as an emetic and diaphoretic, but always -have some balsamic herb with it, when used as such. - -I have found it excellent in asthmas, whooping cough, and phthisic. -Take the seeds, mandrake root, and blood root, equal parts of each, -say 2 oz., and put them into a quart of good rum or whiskey; add -a teaspoonful of coriander seeds, pulverized fine; let them stand -ten hours near the fire, shaking often; give a half teaspoonful in -sweetened water; give six to ten drops to a child having the rattles, -or croup; it will loosen colds immediately, and act beneficially on -the whole system. Keep this herb always at hand; do not be afraid of -it; give a little at a time, until relieved; I have saved the lives of -hundreds with it. In severe cases, put boiled, or bruised onions on the -soles of the feet, and, likewise, take a half teaspoonful of spirits -turpentine, added to a tablespoonful of goose grease, or hen’s oil, -and rub it in briskly between the shoulders and on the breast; repeat -often if necessary, but this will not be required except in very severe -cases. Lobelia is also good to smoke for asthma. - - -RED RASPBERRY. - -The leaves are the only part of this that is used in practice, although -the berries are very healthy in their season. I have used the leaves in -combination with those of mullen, for canker, dysentery, diarrhœa, and -sore mouth, both in adults and babes; it heals and removes all canker -from the bowels. Let the patient drink plentifully of it. - - -HOPS. - -Narcotic, but very useful in poultices; they are good for pain in -the bowels and intestines, and in falling of the womb. Steep hops in -whiskey, heat them hot, and spread on a cotton cloth, sprinkle on a -little black pepper, and apply to the abdomen. Drink a strong tea made -of hops, at bed time, for nine nights in succession. A pillow made of -hops is excellent for persons having weak nerves, and is far healthier -than feathers; so, also, is sweet fern. - - -MAIDEN HAIR. - -This herb is pectoral and vermifuge; an excellent remedy in coughs, and -for all female complaints,--general debility, &c. For a cough, take a -handful, the same of upper mullen leaves, a half handful hoarhound, -three cents’ worth licorice; put these into one quart of water and -boil six minutes, then strain, adding two teaspoonsful cider vinegar -and half pound of honey. Take a tablespoonful every time the cough is -troublesome. - - -HUCKLEBERRY, OR WHORTLEBERRY. - -This berry is very beneficial in retention of the urine, and -derangements of the kidneys and bladder. Make a tea of it, and use as -occasion requires. - - -FIR BALSAM. - -This balsam grows mostly in Maine. I can highly recommend it in coughs, -for which take a little on sugar. For sore breast, anoint the nipples -every night on going to bed, or, it may be used during the day, though -I prefer the former. It is good for all kinds of sores, and may be used -internally and externally, without danger, being simple and efficacious. - - -CAMOMILE. - -For pain in the side, take the flowers, pulverize, and mix with honey -and sweet oil; good in agues, swellings, shrunk sinews, and in colic, -jaundice, bilious colic, and gravel. - - -CARROT SEED. - -Good for wind, and as an assister in monthly courses. The leaves, -pounded, are good for sores and ulcers; the juice of the root is -excellent in salves, as it is both cleansing and healing. - - -CARAWAY SEED. - -May be effectually used for retention of urine, and for wind; also, in -poultices for bruises. - - -CELANDINE. - -Boil in rain water until the strength is out, then mix with old rum, is -excellent for sore eyes; for film on the eye, make a salve with it and -fresh butter; or, the juice may be squeezed into the eye, and for the -same purpose, it can be mixed with breast milk. - -A decoction, in wine, is good for jaundice; the root is good for -dropsy, and when powdered and put into a hollow tooth will stop the -toothache. The leaves, made into a tea, are good for a sweat, to be -taken on going to bed; for a fever, if taken in its early stages, and -as a component part in ointments. - - -PILLWORT. - -This is a smaller species of Celandine and is highly recommended as a -wash, or ointment, for king’s evil. - - -CRANESBILL. - -Excellent for bilious colic, gravel, and soreness of the stomach and -lungs. The leaves, pounded and scalded, are good to cleanse and heal -sores and fresh wounds; and wet in rum or hot vinegar, makes a good -outward application for rheumatism. - - -DWARF ALDER. - -A tea, made of the inner or middle bark, is good for dropsy, for -coughs, and for affections of chest and lungs. The leaves are good for -inflammation of the eyes. The juice of the berry, boiled in honey, -and a few drops put in the ear, will stop the earache or headache. A -tea, made from the roots, will assist the monthly courses, and remove -obstructions; is also good to bathe the head when affected by cold. A -tea, made from the blossoms, I recommend in retention of urine, for -the piles, and to cleanse the blood. Striping the bark _up_, it will -act as an emetic,—_down_, as a physic. - - -SLIPPERY ELM. - -The bark from the root, scraped fine, relieves swellings, -inflammations, and contracted sinews; the root should be boiled some -hours, skimmed and allowed to cool. A poultice, made of the bark from -the root, boiled one hour and strained, is good for bald head, and will -make the hair grow; also, an excellent application for burns, scalds, -and inflammations, inwardly or outwardly. - - -ELECAMPANE. - -This is one of the best roots we have in coughs and consumption, or -phthisic, when used as a syrup. It is good for the teeth, preventing -their aching and decaying; good as an ointment for the itch, and, used -with tobacco, is good for all kinds of sores. The tops, made into beer, -are good for the sight, cramps, convulsions, spitting of blood, &c. - - -WHITE BRYONY. - -DESCRIPTION.--The stem of this plant twists around bushes, shrubs and -trees, and shoots out to a great extent; its tendril leaves are very -large, diminishing gradually to the top one; palmated lobes, pointed -irregularly, and standing upon long foot-stalks; flowers of a yellow -green, male and female, and from the alaæ of the leaves, which are -striped with green veins, turns into a red berry. It grows in low -meadows and swamps; the roots are white and large. - -MEDICAL PROPERTIES.--The root is a powerful drastic purgative; it was -formerly much used by the celebrated Dr. Sydenham as a hydragogue purge -in dropsies. - -DIRECTIONS.--In all dropsical swellings and suppressions of urine, the -patient may take 2 to 3 drachms, which will work sufficient without -griping; take soup as a drink. - - -VIRGIN’S BOWER. - -This plant rises about two feet in hight; the petals white; the seeds -are attached to their stamens, giving them the appearance of feathered -tails. - - -MILK, OR SILK WEED. - -This has a square stalk, and rises three feet in hight; flowers yellow, -which terminate in a pod. - -MEDICAL VIRTUES.--The root has been found effectual in the cure of -dropsy. I have used it with success in all dropsical cases. - - -MILKWEED - -Is also an excellent vermifuge for children. I have found it good in -catarrhal, cachectic, scrofulous and rheumatic disorders. - -PREPARATION.--You can steep it as a tea; (I only use the roots) make it -strong, according to age. When it is used for suppression of the urine, -drink plentifully; if for worms, give it night and morning to children, -sweetened with molasses. - - -SASSAFRAS BARK. - -This is well known to all mankind, and grows plentifully in the United -States. I would say, as to the medical virtues of this bark, it is -Sudorific, diuretic, warming and stimulating, and very little should be -used at a time. There are very many who chew it for a sweet breath, but -it injures the habits, therefore be careful, use it for it is good, and -take a little at a time, and not too much; it cleanses the blood. - - -SARSAPARILLA ROOT. - -This root is so well known to every individual that I deem it little to -the purpose to say much about it; it is alterative in its properties, -and more dependence has been put on its virtues than really could be -relied on as a cure; but mixed with other roots of the same virtues, -has always been found by me the best for all tumors, scrofulas, or -venereal diseases. I think snakehead, or fisherworth, can be relied -on for more virtue than sarsaparilla; but even if you have confidence -in this root alone, I say make a decoction, or tea from it, strong. I -prefer our own American sarsaparilla to the Spanish, and as a rule, -prefer all roots, barks, berries, &c., from our own native soil. - - -MAY WEED. - -This weed is well known to all; it resembles camomile, and is called -by some, wild camomile. It has a very disagreeable smell and taste; -although little used in practice, I consider it very useful in -dysenteries or chronic disorders; it will instantly give relief in -bloody flux and flooding; is Sudorific. If you have a case, and need a -good sweat, drink a pint of tea made by steeping the weed. - - -CANADA SNAKE ROOT. - -Very heating; has a beautiful smell; is stimulating, and excellent for -the aged, and for all persons of cold or phlegmatic temperaments. - - -COHOSH ROOT. - -There are four kinds of cohosh,--white, blue, red and black,--all -possessing the same virtues. They are all diobstruents, sedative and -tonic. As a general medicine for females, use the white and blue; the -black, years past, was considered a great remedy for rheumatism, and I -have found it so myself. Take equal parts of cohosh and prickley ash, -and a very little mandrake, is good for aged persons. - - -BETH, OR PAPPOOSE ROOT. - -This root is generally known; is good in falling of the womb, and -troubles in the ovaries. Add it in every syrup you make for diseases of -females. - - -SWEET FERN, - -Boiled in milk, is good for the dysentery and rickets. - - -NETTLES. - -A tea made of nettles relieves stich in the side and back. - - -BLOOD ROOT, OR DRAGON’S CLAW. - -This is one of the most useful roots we have, and no one should be -without it; it is emetic, cathartic, pectoral and sudorific; in fact, -it possesses many virtues; it will cure all internal and external -ulcers. - - -BURDOCK ROOT. - -The roots and tops are of the same medical properties, although we use -the roots more in syrups than the leaves. The roots I consider of a -cleansing and detergent quality, promotes sweat, is good in almost all -syrups, and more especially for females in the decline of life. - - -INDIAN TURNIP. - -This root is very acrid, pungent and heating; it promotes the watery -excretions; its use quickens the circulation in individuals of cold -or phlegmatic habits. For a cough, take a tablespoonful of the root, -pulverized, to which add two tablespoonsful of pulverized loaf sugar, -and a teaspoonful of flour of sulphur; mix well together, and put it -into a jar, covered close. Take half teaspoonful five times a day. This -will cure your cough, and quicken the action of the digestive organs. -Take a green piece of this root, mixed with blue flag, pound them both -together, and it will cure a fellon, on the finger or elsewhere. Apply -three times. - - -UNICORN ROOT. - -It grows on the side of mountains and frequently in swamps; I have -found it very strengthening in all female weaknesses. Combined with -white cohosh, an ounce of each, put into one quart of wine, I have -found good for hysteria cholic. Take half a wine glass full at morning -and at bed time. - - -SNAKEWEED. - -This is certainly the most astringent that grows. Great care must be -taken when using it, and give a cathartic if it proves too binding. It -can be used with honey as a wash for sore mouths. - - -POKE ROOT, OR PIGEON BERRY. - -Few country people are unacquainted with this root. Many persons use -it for greens in the spring. Every one should be prudent, and not use -it too freely as it is emetic and cathartic; it will vomit severely -when taken in large doses, but when used with moderation it will purify -the blood, and is an excellent remedy for inflammatory rheumatism, for -which cut the root into slices and apply it on all parts of the body -which are affected. For internal use, take one quart of the berries -and half an ounce of mandrake root, in two quarts of whiskey, and add -two ounces of prickley ash bark; drink a wine glass full in the same -quantity of cold water, mornings and at bed time; begin with half a -wine glass at first. It will be found good for males or females. In -hysterics or fits, it will give instant relief. - - -SCOKE ROOT. - -This root is very different from poke root, and grows in swamps; is -very hard to dig, and is called by some white hellebore; is a great -nervine. I have known many put it into snuff, but it is very harsh; it -has been used by many in case of mania, but as I do not recommend any -poisons, would say to all, let it alone. If you have the seven years’ -itch, you may add a little of it to the following wash: Take 2 ounces -of pulverized blood root, in 2 quarts of best cider vinegar, and add -quarter of an ounce of scoke root; shake well, and wash all over at bed -time. Let this wash stand near the fire for several days before using -it, shaking it frequently. When too thick, add more vinegar. Do not -shake it when you wash with it, but turn it off clear. - - -WATER FENNEL. - -This is anti-scrofulous; is excellent for all diseases of the lungs, -internal ulcers and asthma; it will remove the mucus from the bronchial -tubes, and heal them; for ulcers or sore legs, drink it freely, and -wash the sores with the same; add a little white maple bark with it; -always use the inner bark, next to the wood. - - -MARSH MALLOW. - -These grow in our gardens; the low mallow possesses the same medical -virtues; are both good in canker, mild and loosening; for canker in -children add a little catnip and coriander seed. Children have more or -less canker in the bowels. - - -WHITE OAK. - -This bark is very strengthening; and so, also, is the black and yellow -oak. They are good to make washes. I use them internally, as I think -them as good as peruvian bark, and safer. - - -OATS. - -How few there are acquainted with the virtues hid in oats. Very many -lives have been saved by using oat meal gruel, but of late years it -is entirely laid aside. Oats are healing and cooling, and, therefore, -healthy. Make puddings of the meal for your children every night, and -they will be healthy and robust. Boil two quarts of oats in two gallons -of water four hours, add a handfull of succory, let it steep ten hours, -then strain off and add one pint of good molasses; boil half an hour, -and drink, say a tumbler half full, night and morning, before dog days, -and through that season. I will warrant no sickness will trouble you. -It will cleanse the kidneys. Oats are good in pleurisies, and removes -all obstructions from the viscera. Take two vegetable pills at bed time. - - -GOLDEN ROD. - -This plant is perennial, rises two feet in hight, has small brown -stalks divided at the top into branches with numerous long green -leaves; flowers small and yellow. It grows in woods and meadows, and -along the fences; its leaves are gently astringent; the flowers are -beneficial in removing obstructions in the urinary organs, and in -gravelly complaints of the bladder; also, good in cachexies, and in the -first stage of dropsy. - - -PARSLEY. - -Every person is acquainted with this plant, as it is found in all -gardens; it will produce a free discharge of urine; its medical -properties are cooling. - - -GOLDEN SEAL. - -Is tonic, cathartic and nervine; excellent to wash sore eyes. - - -ICE PLANT. - -This root is an excellent remedy for fits in children, and in old times -was called “fits root.” - - -STONE ROOT. - -Grows on the side of hills; the root is knotty and nearly as hard as -a stone; this root is warming, diuretic, aromatic, and good in all -dropsical diseases. - - -BUCKTHORN. - -Is a prickly bush, or low tree, grows in hedges throughout the States. -The bark and berries are cathartic, and if you are in want of a brisk -cathartic take the bark or berries. It would be a good plan to put the -berries into whiskey, and take occasionally one or two tablespoonsful. - - -WORMWOOD. - -This perennial herb grows by the road side, in gardens, and around -old ruins and walls. Its active constituents are a bitter extract and -essential oil; is used in stomach complaints, and is of great service -in hypochondria and melancholy, lowness of spirits, and loss of -appetite; in intermittent fevers, cachectic, and dropsical complaints, -and in jaundice; destroys worms. The essence, taken for a considerable -time, prevents the formation of stone in the kidneys and bladder,--the -patient omitting the use of wine and acids. The gout has been conquered -by the continual use of the decoction of this herb. A teacupfull of the -infusion taken twice a day, by nurses, will make their milk good. - - -WATER TREFOIL. - -This plant is perennial, and grows in marshes, swamps, and wet meadows, -in New Jersey. It flowers in July; the leaves are excessively bitter, -which is extracted by infusion; one ounce of the leaves, dried, are -equal to half a pound of hops, in brewing. A drachm of the powdered -leaves is a purge and a vomit. It has been found beneficial in curing -scorbutic complaints, as well as tertian and quartan fevers, and is -excellent in curing rheumatic affections. - - -POND LILY. - -The white and yellow both have the same properties, and are healing -and cooling. I have found them to relieve all fluxes, inflammations, -outwardly and inwardly. I use the seeds and roots in cases of -consumption. The blows make a good poultice for burns, bruises, or any -kind of sores, as it is very healing. - - -MADDER. - -This is opening and strengthening, and is a sure cure for yellow -jaundice: Take as much madder as you can hold in a tablespoon, twice as -much hoarhound, and snakehead, and half an ounce of mandrake; put this -into three pints of boiling water, keep it warm ten hours, then strain, -and add three tablespoonsful of white ash bark; put all into a bottle -and shake it well; drink half a wine glass full in half a tumbler full -of water. - - -PRICKLY ASH TEA. - -Make this tea by steeping prickly ash bark in hot water; take it three -times a day before eating. - - -GOOSEBERRY. - -The leaves and berry are good in all cases of inflammation, being of a -cooling nature; they were much used in the olden time, for coughs, and -in salves. - - -TAMARACK. - -I use the bark in all my syrups, as it is cleansing and quickens the -circulative action. - - -HEMLOCK. - -This bark is excellent in all colds, to be used as a steam bath. -It will break up a fever, and by taking a teaspoonful of powdered -mandrake root, internally, it will remove the fever, and probably save -fifty dollars doctor’s bill. It is good, internally and externally. -The tincture is very warming, and good to bathe the back and loins, -when weak or painful. Always take few drops on sugar, internally, -before bathing. Remember, never bathe with any tincture without taking -something internally, it may injure you for life. - - -CHICKWEED. - -This will be found good in all poultices for sores. - - -SPIKENARD. - -Every one is well acquainted with this root; it is balsamic and -healing; I generally use it for coughs and general debility. - - -MALE FERN. - -This root is a great vermifuge; I have used it with success for -exterminating the tape worm; and is in no wise dangerous, which cannot -be said of some vermifuges. Always administer a brisk cathartic after -drinking a decoction of this root, once a day for three days; then give -the vermifuge for three days, then a cathartic, and so on for nine -days, and all worms will be expelled, both from the stomach and bowels. -To be taken before eating. - - -SWEET FERN. - -How little is known of this shrub, yet all know it by its beautiful -smell. For any derangement of the womb, there is nothing better: Take -five roots of this shrub and boil in two quarts of water, down to one, -and when cool strain; then add one gill of Holland gin. Take half a -wine glass full in the morning, and a wine glass full at bed time. This -is a good remedy in all weaknesses, especially for children having weak -bones, or are troubled with scrofula, or any tumors; also, for those -who cannot hold their water, or have weak bowels. - - -BITTER SWEET. - -This plant rises eight or ten feet in hight, and entwines around -trees the same as a vine; flowers in loose clusters, always turning -against the sun; the carolla is composed of one petal, wheel shaped, -and divided at the bottom or border into five pointed segments, which -are bent back; purple prominences, like dots, surround the rim of -the carolla, from the nectary; the yellow anther making a beautiful -contrast; the flowers become bright red; berries something similar -to currants, and are of a bitter, sweet taste. This climbing shrub -grows common in low grounds and marshes. The dulcamara is a powerful -and useful medicine; it increases all the secretions and excretions, -excites the heart and arteries, and is also beneficial in all cutaneous -effections, rheumatism, scirrhus swellings, ill-conditioned ulcers, -scrofula, whites, jaundice, and obstructed menses. Cancers of the -breast have been cured by the application of the juice to the cancer, -and the green leaves applied to the breast. - -PREPARATION.--Boil half a pound of the bark of the bitter sweet in -eight quarts of spring water to the consumption of one gallon; a gill -to be taken three times a day; it is also good in fevers. The patient -ought to take a dose of sal glauber once a week, while using the -medicine. - - -COMFREY. - -This well known, useful plant, rises about two feet in hight; leaves -very large, similar to water dock; roots long, thick as a man’s thumb, -very mucilaginous, and are black externally and white within; flowers -of a pale blue color. It grows in moist meadows, near springs, and -is planted in gardens for family use. The roots are inspissant and -demulcent, having the same virtues as marsh mallow; they correct salt -sharp serum, heal erasions of the intestines in diarrhœa and dysentery, -and prevent the spitting of blood; bruised and applied to ruptures, -externally, they have proved beneficial. - -PREPARATION.--Take four ounces of the fresh roots, or three of dry, -four ounces of burdock root, two of red rose willow bark, one of -parsley, and two of yarrow tops; boil these ingredients in four quarts -of water and one of new milk, to the consumption of two quarts; strain -and sweeten it with loaf sugar. A gill of this decoction, taken -three times a day, will cure the recent clap in a few days, using -the tormentil injection, elsewhere directed. It is also beneficial -in curing the fluor albus, or whites, in weakly females. The roots, -boiled in milk, are good for fluxes, dysentery, and ardor of urine. -Take two ounces of dry comfrey root, bruised, and one ounce of -tormentil root, boil them in three quarts of water down to two; strain -it and add a pint of brandy, with four ounces of powdered loaf sugar -dissolved in it. A gill may be taken by adults, and a tablespoonful by -children, four times a day, in cases of dysentery, diarrhœa, or flux. - - -FOX GLOVE. - -The stalk is erect, tapering, and is four feet in hight; leaves large, -oval, shady, wrinkled and veined, growing on short winged foot-stalks, -downy underneath; the lacteas attendant on the flower stalks are small, -spear shaped and sessile; the flowers, always on one side, are purple, -bell shaped, marked internally with little dark colored spots, placed -in whitish rings, and long hairs defend the entrance of the tube, hence -no insects ever approach this flower. The flower stalks vary in length; -at first they depend like the flowers, afterwards becoming erect, when -they elevate a two-celled capsule, containing many blackish seeds. - -This most elegant plant is raised in gardens, and is an exotic plant; -flowers in July, and seeds in September. It would take a small volume -to describe all the virtues which different authors have ascribed -to its various qualities; however, as it is a dangerous medicine in -the hands of the unskilful, I will give a few descriptions of its -qualities, with directions how it may be used with safety in families. - -PREPARATION.--Take of the dried bruised leaves of fox glove four -ounces, powder of masterwort root one ounce, leaves of rue and -wormwood, each, two ounces, elecampane and comfrey root bruised, each, -two ounces, lungwort and wild cherry tree bark, each, one ounce; put -all the ingredients into a new gallon earthen pot, and pour one gallon -of boiling rain water on them; cover the pot and set it near the fire, -on hot ashes, for twelve hours; after which strain the liquor through -a linen cloth and add four quarts of honey, and let it stand near the -fire twelve hours longer; then strain the liquor and put it in bottles -for use. In all consumptive and asthmatic complaints, the patient may -take a tablespoonful of this balsam three or four times a day, in a -tea cupful of the following tea: put one ounce of skunk cabbage root -and half an ounce of wild cherry tree bark in a tea pot, and pour -boiling water on it, and use it daily; the dose may be increased from a -tablespoonful to a wine glass full three times a day. - - -SENNA. - -This plant rises from two to four feet in hight, resembling a shrub, -and sending out hollow, woody stems; leaves in alternate order, -compound, composed of several pairs, oval, pointed and nerved pinnæ, of -a yellowish green color; flowers yellow, forming a spike consisting of -five petals; the pod is curved and short. It grows in Canada, along the -Ottawa river, in great quantities. It has been customary to reject the -pedicles of the leaves of senna, but this is mere prejudice, for both -leaves and pedicles act in the same way. The American senna operates -milder than the senna that is imported, but it must be given in a -larger dose. - -Pour a pint of boiling water on eight drachms of American senna, and -put a teaspoonful of ginger, or the powder of masterwort root, to -it; let it stand in the pot for fifteen minutes for use; sweetened, -with milk in it, it will prove a mild purge without griping. Children -may take one or two teacupsful twice a day. Adults may take a -desert-spoonful of the powder, with a teaspoonful of ginger, night -and morning. As a safe and gentle purge, the following electuary is -an excellent laxative for loosening the bowels of persons of costive -habits: Take of senna leaves, powdered, six ounces, masterwort or -ginger, one ounce, pulp of French prunes one pound, pulp of tamarinds -two ounces, molasses one pint and a half, essential oil of caraway two -drachms; boil the pulps in the molasses to the consistence of honey, -then add the powders, and when the mixture cools put in the oil, and -mix the whole intimately. Dose, a teaspoonful twice a day. - - -AVENS. - -This plant rises a foot in hight; root fibrous, very pleasant and -aromatic; leaves large and lyre shape; stalks upright and hirsute; -flowers yellow and terminal. It is a perennial plant, and grows wild -in the uncultivated fields of New Jersey and the New England states. -Flowers from June to July; the roots are fibrous, of a dark red color -externally, and white internally; has the flavor of cloves, with a -bitterish, astringent taste. The large roots are preferable to the -fibrous ones, which must be dug up in April, cut into thin slices and -dried in the air as quick as possible. After being pulverized, sift the -powder through a hair sieve and put it in bottles, well corked, for -use. It is a good febrifuge, and is really an excellent substitute for -the Jesuit bark in the cure of intermittent fevers, dysentery, chronic -diarrhœa, wind colic, effections of the stomach, asthmatic symptoms, -and cases of debility. - -PREPARATION.--After the patient has taken a puke of the American -ipecacuanha, and the fever is off, a teaspoonful of the powder may be -administered every hour until the fever is broke, then use my stomach -bitters, mentioned in this work, in order to prevent a relapse. Take -of aven root two ounces, arum root half an ounce, (in powder,) skunk -cabbage balls, in powder, half an ounce, gentian and masterwort, each -half an ounce, sugar candy one ounce; mix one tablespoonful of these -powders and boil them in one quart of rain water and one pint of -new milk, for an hour. In all debilitating complaints, or beginning -consumptions, the patient may take two teacupsful of this chocolate -morning and evening, sweetened with loaf sugar, and ride out every day -two hours before dinner. - - -GARDEN PÆONIE. - -This plant rises two feet in hight; leaves cut into lobes which are -oblong, or if pinnated, terminate by an odd pinnæ; capsules, two; -oblong hirsute, and crowned with a stigma. It grows plentifully in -the gardens throughout the United States. The seed is imported from -Switzerland; it is noted for its virtues in the cure of epilepsy, and -fits in children. The root must be dug in March, dried and pulverized, -and kept in bottles, close corked, for use. Adults, subject to -epilepsy, may take a desert-spoonful of the powder four times a day, -in a teacupful of bitter sweet tea, made as follows: Pour a quart of -boiling water on an ounce of the bruised dry bark of bitter sweet, -taken from off the roots, and sweeten the tea with sugar; give to -children, two years old, ten grains of the powder four times a day, in -molasses, and wash it down with the bitter sweet tea. Apply the bruised -roots to the soles of the feet when going to bed. - - - - -RECIPES. - - -FOR SORE THROAT, STOMACH, OR BOWELS.--Take of the inside bark of -slippery elm, dried and powdered fine, one teaspoonful, and same -quantity of brown sugar; pour in a little cold water and stir till -mixed; then add a little warm water. Take a teaspoonful once an hour. -For a poultice, it may be mixed with powdered crackers, or ginger, -equal quantities of each, which is excellent for burns, scalds, &c. It -will also remove inflammation, or pain in the eyes. - - -BUTTERNUT FOR BLISTERS.--Take the green shell of the nut, or the bark -of the root, powdered; keep it moist while applying it. It is much -better than Spanish flies. - - -FOR PHTHISIC.--Steep the leaves of white cedar; drink a gill three -times a day. - - -FOR LOCKJAW.--Soak the part affected in ley. - - -FOR WORMS.--Steep sweet flag and wild turnip together. Take wild aloe -leaves, (Indian hemp,) powder them and sweeten with molasses; tea good -for children. - -Make a syrup of equal quantities of the twigs and buds of balm of -gilead, the same of white ash, and molasses; boil them together, and -add a little spirits; it may also be made into pills. - - -A GOOD SALVE.--Steep princes pine till the strength is out; add fresh -butter or mutton tallow; simmer till the water evaporates. - - -COMPOSITION.--Take 1 lb. bayberry root, ½ lb. inner bark of hemlock, -½ lb. ginger, 2 oz. cayenne pepper, 2 oz. cloves; mix, pound fine and -sift. - - -AN EMETIC.--Take butternut bark, from the body and roots: boil till -the strength is out; then strain and boil down sufficient to make into -pills. They operate as an emetic, or cathartic. - -Nervine is also good for a puke; with, or without boneset, it is an -excellent remedy for a fever, in the first stages. - - -NERVE OINTMENT.--Take of bitter sweet bark two parts, of wormwood and -camomile equal parts; moisten with warm water, and add some animal oil; -simmer over a slow fire ten hours; then strain and add 1 oz. spirits -turpentine to each pound of ointment; to be used for bruises, sprains, -callouses, corns or swellings. - - -GOOD SALVE.--Take 1 lb. beeswax, 1 lb. salt butter, 12 oz. balsam fir; -simmer together and strain; this is excellent for burns and scalds, -after the inflammation is out. - - -INJECTION.--Burdock seeds soaked in water. - - -DYSENTERY.--Take rhubarb and nutmeg, on going to bed. - -Strawberry leaves and roots are good in cases of dysentery, inward -inflammation, or for derangement in monthly courses. A syrup made of -the berries, is good for jaundice; a decoction from the leaves and -roots, will cure sores, inflamed eyes, and humors in the skin. - - -EYE WASH.--Take one pint of ripe strawberries and put them into a quart -bottle with half a pint of good rum, fill it up with rain water; then -place it in a bed of horse-dung for one week. This will make a good -wash for inflamed eyes. - - -MALLOWS.--An excellent remedy for phthisic, and for effections of the -chest. Also good as a syrup, when ladies expect to be confined; if -costive, they will be much benefited by a frequent use of the tea. The -juice, mixed with boiled oil, is good for all tumors, scurf, dandruff, -sores on the head, scalds, burns, St. Anthony’s fire, and all feverish -and painful swellings. The blows, boiled in water, adding a little alum -and honey, will cleanse and heal sore mouth or throat. A tea, made of -this, is good for hoarseness, coughs, shortness of breath, gravel and -dysentery. - - -CONSUMPTIVE COUGH MIXTURE.--Take one tablespoonful of good tar, three -ditto of honey, three yolks of eggs, half a pint of good wine; beat -the tar, eggs, and honey well together, then add the wine; dose, -a teaspoonful three times a day. Make a tea of barley, and drink -frequently. - - -GRAVEL.--Heart’s Ease is good. - - -WORMS.--A decoction made from witch hazel, or spotted alder bark, -scraped off downward, is a good remedy. - -Take sage, pounded fine, put in milk, sweetened with molasses, to which -add a little alum, is good to turn worms. - - -RHEUMATISM.--Princes pine, horse-radish, elecampane, wild cherry, -mustard seed, a small handful of each; one gill of tar, one pint -of brandy; let it stand three days, shaking it often. Dose, two -tablespoonsful three times a day. - - -HECTIC COUGH.--Take one pint of barley, one pound of turnips, four -ounces of elecampane, three quarts of water; boil to one pint, and then -add one pound of honey or loaf sugar, and half a pint of brandy; dose, -one tablespoonful three times a day. - - -CANADA THISTLE--Blows or roots, are good for dysentery and piles. - - -SICK OR NERVOUS HEADACHE.--Take half a pint of white pine bark, half a -pint of hemlock bark, one gill of sassafras bark, taken from the root, -one gill black cherry bark; dry these and pulverize them to a powder; -put them into two quarts of good brandy, and take a tablespoonful three -times a day, thirty minutes before eating. - - -MOTHERWORT--Is good in all female complaints, trembling at the heart; a -few of the leaves, powdered, and a small tablespoonful taken in wine, -helps women in travail, and prevents suffocation; it is also good for -cramps when females have taken cold. - - -THOROUGHWORT.--The leaves of this plant, steeped in rum, is a good -remedy for all kinds of bruises; the expressed juice of the leaves, -with butternut oil, makes a useful pill; the blows, steeped with leaves -of the nervine, make a good vomit. - - -NETTLES--Made into syrup, is good when sweetened with honey, to free -the passages of the lungs, which is the cause of phthisic, and is also -good for swelling of the almond of the throat; cleanses and helps the -palate, heals inflammation, soreness of the mouth and throat; steeped -in wine, it will assist those about to be confined, and help prevent -all diseases arising therefrom. In severe colds, grind the tops and -roots together, and mix with gum mastic, to be applied outwardly. The -seed is good for worms; a strong tea made of it, and taken frequently, -is good for the gravel; as a wash it is excellent for wounds, bruises, -burns, and will relieve the skin from leprosy. The seeds and leaves, -pulverized, and rubbed into the nose, will cure the polypus. An -ointment made of the juice, neatsfoot oil, or hen’s oil, and beeswax, -is good to rub cold and benumbed limbs. Take a handful of the leaves, -and the same of walnut leaves, pound to a pulp, and apply as a poultice -in rheumatic effections. The mashed leaves are good to stop flooding. - - -GROUND MOSS--Is a first rate cure for gravel, as it dissolves and -carries it away with the urine. It grows in shady places, at the bottom -of hollows. Boiled in water, it is good in inflammations, and cures the -gout and rheumatism. - -Tree mosses are cooling and binding, partaking of a mollifying quality. -Each moss partakes of the nature of the tree on which it grows: that -which grows on the oak is the most binding, and is good for fluxes, -puking, and bleeding; powder them, and, taken in wine, good in profuse -flowing. As a tea, good for dropsy; steeped in vinegar, good for -headache caused by heat; used in ointment, good for shrunk sinews. - -Moss, taken from the maple tree, is good, sweetened with honey, for a -bad cough, and for consumptive persons. - - -FOR A RELAX.--Take equal parts of beeswax and mutton tallow, mix and -simmer in molasses; give a tablespoonful warm to a grown person, -reducing the dose for children. - - -RHEUMATIC OINTMENT.--Stramonium leaves, or juice, and poke root; add -hogs’ fat and tallow. - - -A POULTICE FOR RHEUMATISM.--Elecampane roots and burdock roots and -leaves, put on hot, will cure rheumatic affections in a few days. -Inwardly, use a tea made of smartweed, adding a very little black -cohosh. Great care must be taken in using black cohosh, as an overdose -is very dangerous. Those unacquainted with its properties should use -the smartweed alone. - -Poke root and spikenard make a good poultice; must be put on hot and -often. - - -BALSAM OF LIFE.--Gum benzoin, 4 oz.; gum storax, 3 oz.; socatrine aloes -and gum myrrh, each, 1½ oz.; angelica root and johnwort tops, each, 2 -oz.; pound all together; put them into three pints of rectified spirits -of wine, and let it stand four weeks; keep warm, shaking it every day, -strain and it is fit for use; thirteen or fourteen drops to be taken -in a spoonful of wine. This balsam is good for all in consumptive -complaints, weakness, whooping cough, pain in the side; to be taken -morning and evening. - - -SALT RHEUM.--One pint yellow dock root, boil till the strength is out, -strain and add one pint spirits turpentine, one pound fresh butter, -four ounces burgundy pitch, two ounces mutton tallow, two ounces -beeswax, for summer use, (for winter, use only half the quantity of -mutton tallow and beeswax.) Simmer together three hours, stirring it -all the time; do not let it burn. - - -RHEUMATIC PLASTER.--White beech bark and hemlock bark, each, one -bushel, tamarack bark half a bushel; cut these fine and boil till -the strength is out, then strain; to this add one gill white pine -turpentine, and boil down till thick enough for a plaster, and apply. - - -SPRAINS AND BRUISES.--Use beefs’ brine and roman wormwood; boil half an -hour; when cool bathe the parts affected. - - -TOOTHACHE DROPS.--One ounce sweet spirits nitre, one ounce alum, -together; wet with lint or cotton and put into the tooth. - - -SUPPRESSION OF MENSES.--Gum myrrh, sulphur, steel filings, loaf sugar, -each, four ounces; pulverize and simmer in a quart of wine, and when -dry make into pills, or take half a teaspoonful of the powder three -times a day. - - -DROPSY.--Take Canada thistle root, stone root, dwarf alder, mountain -lettuce, tops and roots queen of the meadow, trumpet weed, equal parts -of each; boil in two quarts of water down to one; after it is strained -add half a pint of juniper berries, and one pint of Holland gin. - - -DIABETES.--Take of beth root, black cohosh, cranesbill, equal parts, -and pulverize; to a tablespoonful of the powder add a pint of the -boiling water, and drink in the course of the day. - -Take spikenard and Solomon’s seal, equal parts, bruised; to an ounce -add one quart of wine; a wine glass full to be taken three times a day, -and eight grains of diaphoretic powder at bed time. - - -INFLAMMATION OF THE BOWELS.—_Injection_: One pint of slippery elm, -one pint of milk, one gill of olive oil, half a pint of molasses, -one drachm of saleratus, half an ounce of laudanum; administer this -injection blood warm, to foment the parts. Take drinks made from -tanzy, hoarhound, wormwood or hops; they are cooling and demulcent, or -slippery elm, flax seed, and barley water tea, or clear whey. - - -INCONTINENCE OF URINE.--Hemlock, wild cherry tree bark, bayberry bark, -pulverize, add water sufficient to make a strong tea. Take twenty drops -of balsam copaiva in a tumbler of beth root tea. - -Peach leaves are good for bloody urine. - - -TO STOP VOMITING.--Bicarbonate of potash one drachm, mint water eight -ounces; give a teaspoonful as occasion may require. - - -INFLAMMATION OF THE LIVER.—_Symptoms_: A dull pain in the right side -and top of the shoulder. Tincture of lobelia may be given two or three -times per week. - - -INFLAMMATION OF THE KIDNEYS.--To produce perspiration take the -following: One ounce spirits nitre, half an ounce balsam copaiva, one -ounce spirits turpentine, half a drachm each of oil of sweet almonds -and gum camphor; give a teaspoonful three or four times a day. - - -VOMITING OF BLOOD.--Sugar, alum whey; drink a tea made from beth root, -and black cohosh, and use anti-dyspeptic pills to keep the bowels in -order. Also, the restoration cordial; apply strengthening plaster to -the pit of the stomach. - - -DROPSY OF THE CHEST.--First, take two drachms of digitalis plant, -divide into twelve powders of ten grains each; after this, add fourteen -tablespoonsful of boiling water; take one tablespoonful every hour, or -two every two hours. - -2d. 3 grains mandrake, night and morning. - -3d. Bathe the stomach and abdomen night and morning with precipitate -ointment. - -4th. Drink an infusion of parsley tea. - -Let the diet be light and nutritious. - - -BLEEDING AT THE NOSE.--Dried beef, pulverized, and snuff up the nose. - - -CRAMP IN THE STOMACH.--Ten drops oil of hemlock; camphor, peppermint, -laudanum, and apply hops to the stomach. - - -DROPSY.--Take common whortleberries, dried and bruised, four ounces, -and add a small quantity of boiling water. Likewise, mandrake, cream -tartar, peppermint plant, equal parts; of this powder give a large -teaspoonful every few hours until it operates; drink freely of a -decoction made from spearmint, parsley, elder flowers, dandelion roots -and tops; give capsicum pills. - - -TO RELIEVE SPASM.--Steep angelica seed; for an injection take of this -infusion one pint, to which add one teaspoonful of salt, one gill of -olive oil, one gill of molasses, and one pint of milk. - - -ANTI-BILIOUS PILLS.--Equal parts of butternut and white ash extract; -to one pound of this extract add three ounces of aloes, two ounces of -gamboge, two ounces canker violet, three ounces of American ipecac, two -ounces nerve powder, two or three ounces of poplar bark and cloves; -make into pills of ordinary size; dose, from two to five, to be -increased or diminished as the condition of the patient may require. - - -COMPOUND MANDRAKE POWDERS.--Mandrake, spearmint, and cream tartar, -equal parts; mix them well; dose, a teaspoonful, in tea or syrup. -Useful in diseases of the liver, dyspepsia, obstructed menses, dropsy, -and every taint of the system. Take the above every other morning; gum -pills to be taken at night. - - -SOUR STOMACH.--Three parts of pulverized beth root and one of pearlash, -mixed and ground well together; take half a teaspoonful in liquor or -cider--cider is the best. Or, steep bitter root and add princes pine, -pulverized. - - -ACID COUGH DROPS.--One pound sumach berries, four ounces elecampane, -one ounce skunk cabbage, half an ounce blood root, one ounce cayenne, -boil in one gallon of vinegar, and when the strength is out add three -pounds of honey. Use this syrup as the judgment of the patient, or the -occasion, may require. To be taken in asthma, quinsy, whooping cough, -common colds, sore throat, canker in the throat and stomach, catarrh, -and any other difficulty in the head or throat caused by colds. - -_Directions._--Take from one teaspoonful to a tablespoonful several -times a day; children, or grown persons, troubled with any kind of a -cough should take it whenever the cough is severe, by day or night. -Children may take half the quantity given to adults. This has cured -when all other remedies have failed. - - - MEASURES.--Tea-cupful, four fluid ounces, or a gill. - Wine glass, two fluid ounces. - Tablespoonful, half a fluid ounce. - Teaspoonful, one fluid drachm. - - -VEGETABLE OINTMENT.--To one gallon neatsfoot oil add one pound of -bitter sweet root, (dried and pounded fine,) half a pound of camomile -flowers, pounded fine, half a pound of wormwood, pounded, one ounce of -cayenne pepper, one quart brandy; add two ounces spirits turpentine to -each pound. To be used outwardly for callouses, swellings, bruises, -tightness of the sinews, stiffness of joints, &c. - - -VEGETABLE COUGH POWDERS.--Hoarhound, pulverized, four ounces; lobelia, -one ounce; fire herb, one ounce; cayenne, two ounces; elecampane, two -ounces; skunk cabbage and ladies’ slipper, one ounce; thoroughwort, -pulverized, one ounce; mix in molasses. Take a teaspoonful morning, -noon and at bed time, or at any time the cough is troublesome. - - -INFLAMMATIONS, FELLONS AND FEVER SORES.--Take of catnip, hearts of -mullens, wormwood, mayweed and double tanzy, each two double-handsful; -boil them in six quarts of water with one pint of soft soap, till the -strength is out, then steam the parts affected, and cover close with -a blanket for fifteen or twenty minutes. Immediately afterwards bathe -the parts with the following: half a gill of spirits, half an ounce of -gum camphor, a tablespoonful of laudanum, the marrow of three hogs’ -jaws, simmer together; rub the swelling downward, and apply a poultice, -for which take of dandelion roots, hearts of mullens, catnip, each -one handful, boil in milk and thicken with flour; after the swelling -breaks, apply a salve made of one handful English clover, a lump of -rosin as big as a walnut, half a pound sheeps’ tallow, one handful -bitter sweet berries, stewed over a slow fire; apply the salve two -days. To cleanse the sore of proud flesh, use a salve made of equal -parts of charcoal, loaf sugar, and red precipitate, pulverized. - - -EXTREME CASES OF RELAX.--Beeswax, mutton tallow and molasses, equal -parts of each; melt these together, and while warm give a child a -teaspoonful three times a day, a grown person a tablespoonful. - - -GOUT.--One quart beefs’ gall, one gallon gin, one gallon molasses; take -a wine glass full in the morning, half an hour before eating, and the -same at bed time. - - -ANTI-EMETIC DROPS.--Take a cup of cider vinegar and add a teaspoonful -each of fine salt and cayenne pepper, put them into a bottle and shake -well. Take from a half to a whole teaspoonful of the mixture and put it -into a cup full of cold water; take a tablespoonful until the vomiting -ceases. This has cured in all cases. I have known this to stop vomiting -when four of the most skilful physicians had failed. This should be -kept in every body’s house; it is a good wash for poison, the bite of -bees, and is good to bathe all pains. - - -FAMILY VEGETABLE PILLS.--One pound fine poplar bark, one pound sweet -bugle, one pound thoroughwort, eight ounces wormwood, boil them as -thick as molasses, and add two ounces cayenne pepper, two ounces golden -seal, two ounces bitter root, two ounces extract butternut, one ounce -lobelia, two ounces aloes; you may have all these made into a fine -powder and mix with molasses. Take three to seven every night on going -to bed. They are good to remove costiveness, headache, pains in the -stomach and bowels, to help the digestion, and to remove wind from the -stomach and bowels. Children may take half the quantity. - - -SCIATICA, OR HIP JOINT GOUT.--Take one pint linseed oil, half pound -red lead, four ounces white lead, put these into an earthen vessel, -and simmer over a slow fire, stirring it constantly. Apply this to the -joints, and in case of toothache apply a little in the joints of the -jaw and under the ear. - - -FAMILY PHYSIC.--Take mandrake root and butternut bark, each half a -pound, boil them in half gallon water to one pint, to which add one -pint old Jamaica rum, and one pint molasses; one tablespoonful to a -grown person, and a teaspoonful for a child. - - -MOTHER’S RELIEF.--Take two pounds of partridge berry vine, half pound -high cranberry or cramp bark, half an ounce unicorn root, quarter of -a pound of blue cohosh or pappoose root, one pound each of flax seed -and red raspberry leaves; let as many as possible of these articles be -green, and all well pulverized; boil them in three gallons of water two -hours, and then strain off and continue to simmer till reduced to a -gallon and a half, then add four pounds of loaf sugar and half a gallon -of good Holland gin. - -_Directions._--Take half a wine glass of this three times a day, for -several weeks before confinement. It will invigorate the constitution, -the mother will pass the time with little danger, and will be less -liable to take cold _after_ confinement. This medicine should be taken -by every mother. Use, also, occasionally, a drink made from a handfull -of slippery elm, boiled in a quart of water. - - -COUGH POWDER.--Take elecampane, licorice root and seneca, half ounce -of each; powder them fine and mix them with a pound of honey; Dose, a -teaspoonful three times a day. Life root tea, or crosswort, princes -pine, or life-everlasting, to be continued, is best. Life root, if -given too freely, will debilitate so rapidly as to lay dormant all the -functions of life; use it with caution where the patient is feeble. -Nourish your patients with whatever they require or fancy; oat meal is -healing and salutary. - - -MEDICAL COFFEE--Is good in cancerous or scrofulous habits, or where -mercury has been improperly used. Take avens root, sweet cicely, and -spikenard, four teaspoonsful twice a day, boiled in coffee water, or -wine, with milk and sugar to suit the palate. - - -DROPSY ON THE BRAIN.--Take physic, first, of vegetable pills, and then -apply deadly nightshade, pounded fine or soft, to the top of the head; -this removes the pain and soreness. Take life root tea, express the -juice of Irish daisy, (cultivated in flower pots in most gardens,) -let the patient lay with his head very low, and pour a spoonful of -this juice in the nostril every morning. Bayberry bark snuff, taken at -night, operates ten or twelve hours after. I have known the juice of -dwarf alder answer the same purpose. - - -INSANITY, OR MELANCHOLY.--Deadly nightshade, as above. - - -SALT RHEUM AND SCALD HEAD.--Take two tablespoonsful of powdered culver -root, one tablespoonful of sulphur, and the same of ginger; mix them -well together. To an infant, one year old, give a teaspoonful in -molasses, or in any other suitable way, four days successively, then -omit giving the medicine for two days; continue thus until all is -taken. Make an ointment of rosin and hogs’ lard. After the physic has -been administered four days, apply the ointment, washing the parts with -castile soap suds daily. Make a syrup of hyssop and let the patient -take freely while using the above. - -_Remarks._--In all cases of putrefaction, or danger of the same, give -strong spikenard tea sweetened with honey, add a little brandy and -apply the same externally; sarsaparilla with it, is cooling. Wash the -body with hot vinegar and water; make a decoction of black snake root -and sage, and give a teaspoonful once in ten minutes until the effect -is answered. To promote perspiration in fevers, epidemics, &c., bathe -the feet in weak lye. - - -ANTI-BILIOUS PHYSIC.--Bitter sweet, tied around the neck. - - -DROPSY.--Take eight ounces dwarf alder bark, boil it in a gallon of -water to two quarts, add half a pint of gin and sweeten with honey or -molasses. Dose, a gill three times a day. - -Another, take three handsfull of water cresses, four of white onions, -boil them in three pints of water; then strain and add honey and gin. -Dose, a wine glass full three times a day. - - -DIGESTIVE MEDICINE.--Take tartar emetic, blood root and lobelia, six -grains each, salt petre, fifty grains. It is highly diuretic, and -adapted to all cases of gravel, &c. In back and liver complaints, give -a mild cathartic, or salts, twice a week. - - -ANTI-SCORBUTIC BITTERS--To purify the blood, which strengthens the -nervous system, creates an appetite, and guards the stomach against -infectious diseases. - -_Preparation_: Take one ounce of the bark of the roots of white wood, -one ounce of butterfly root (white root), two ounces of black Indian -hemp, two ounces of angelica root or seeds, four ounces black snake -root, four ounces tamarack bark; add prickley ash bark in cold cases. -Powder them and mix well. - -_Directions._--Infuse one tablespoonful in pint of spirits three days, -then strain it, and take from one to three teaspoonsful in a glass of -wine half an hour before dinner. - - -FOR THE ASTHMA.--Use the lobelia as above directed three days; then -boil goose grease and honey equal parts, one pint; add a tablespoonful -of the lobelia and white root powder, and a tablespoonful of wild -turnip powder; strain after being sufficiently boiled. Dose, a -teaspoonful three times a day, or offener, for three days. Dip a piece -of flannel in hot goose grease and apply it to the lungs or throat, -where the greatest stricture is, for two nights, or more if necessary; -after using the honey and grease two days, take a teaspoonful of the -digestive medicine in two tablespoonsful of water, half at a time, to -loosen the mucous. Next morning take a portion of anti-bilious physic; -continue the other medicines, and take a portion of primhedge once a -week till cured. Tobacco is accounted hurtful for asthmatic people; the -smoking of juniper berries, or stramonium seeds, is recommended, and -taking bay berry root, or catarrh snuff. - -Digestive medicine is prepared thus: Take as much tartar emetic as will -lay on the handle of a teaspoon, twice that of blood root, the same -of lobelia, and one teaspoonful of saltpeter, to one pint of water; -this corrects the stomach in every case of oppression, and promotes -expectoration and respiration; promotes rest and breaks up fevers. -Dose--a teaspoonful in a wine glass of water; take a tablespoonful -every three hours until relieved. - -_Remarks._--For putrid or common sore throat, and quinsy. Make a gargle -thus: take sumach berries when sour, black snake root, and sage, equal -parts; boil strong to a pint; add two teaspoonsful of saltpeter, and -sweeten with honey or molasses; gargle often, and swallow a spoonful -at a time. If the throat or tongue swells, boil nanny bark in a -little water, and bind it hot around the throat once an hour, chewing -the same. Bittersweet ointment will allay all heat and swelling. -Anti-bilious physic--first in all fevers; primhedge, to restore -strength to the patient and regulate the bowels. - - -OINTMENT FOR SORES, BOILS, &c.--Use the parsley ointment. - - -WEAK EYES.--One stalk and three buds lobelia, in spring water; use -twice a day. - - -SWELLED RED EYES.--Sweet cicely and red rose leaves; simmer slowly, and -laid on the eyes, will restore the sight, and remove all swelling and -inflammation, if by poisonous bite of spiders, &c. - - -FOR WITLOWS, FELONS, BOILS, SWELLED HANDS, &c.--Make a thin Indian meal -poultice, bind in it equal parts of catnip and mullen leaves; boil -soft, and apply it warm. - - -ANTI-BILIOUS PHYSIC.--A sovereign remedy for all bilious, autumnal, -putrid, spotted, and yellow fevers, agues, and diseases in children, -sore throat, and consumptive cases. It acts in bilious cases as a -vomit, then as a cathartic; promotes prespiration and rest. One dose is -sufficient in any case. For gravel and dysentery it is invaluable. - -_Preparation._--Take eight ounces of powdered jalap, two ounces -coriander seed, two ounces of blood root, one ounce of cassia, three -ounces mandrake root, three ounces culver root, and one grated nutmeg; -infuse the whole in one gallon of old brandy for twelve days, shaking -it every day, and filter for use. - -_Directions._--Dose--for an adult, one ounce, or a common wine glass -full, upon an empty stomach; if it does not operate as a vomit in ten -minutes, take half a glass full more of the physic; if a vomit is -necessary, drink plenty of warm tea and thin water gruel every hour, to -aid the operation. For an infant two months old, two teaspoonsful; give -it the breast, or warm tea. In any inflammable complaint, a glass of -lemon or lime punch, will check the operation, if too long continued. -Guard against taking cold. If pains in the head accompany the disease, -bathe the feet in warm water, and wash the body in warm vinegar and -water, in all cases of putrid and yellow fevers. - - -TO PRESERVE FRUIT.--All kinds of fruit which you wish to keep -fresh--such as grapes, peaches, pears, quinces, &c., should be gathered -carefully, and the stems broke off at full length; then have a vessel -of sealing wax, and dip the end of the stem which you broke off from -the tree or vine into it, and lay them carefully in a cool, dry place, -and they will keep for months, and not wither. - - -TO MAKE ESSENCES.--All kinds of essences in general use, can be made by -putting one ounce of the essential oil in one pint of alcohol; half an -ounce of the oil of cinnamon, cloves and tanzy, is sufficient, to three -half pints of alcohol; you can reduce the others after the oil is cut -or dissolved, by putting in whiskey, which is preferable to alcohol. - - -POLYPUS, OR FUNGUS OF THE GUM.--This disease is essentially hypertrophy -of the gum, arising from mechanical irritation. If a tooth decay on one -side, below the level of the gum, leaving a sharp margin in contact -with the gum, a tumor frequently forms from it, spreads into, and -partially fills up the hole of the tooth, or the vacancy between the -two decaying teeth; the tumor is usually composed of dense fibrous -tissue, covered with epithelium, and is almost insensible unless -ulcerated, when it becomes very painful. If the tumor be removed, it -will grow again and again, unless the tooth be extracted, when it will -suddenly disappear. The tumors show, on dissection, an undulating -surface of fibro-cellular tissue, covered by a thick layer of -epithelium. - -The best application for this troublesome state of the gum is sulphate -of copper, applied every day or two. - - -SORE, OR RED EYES.--Soft maple bark. - - -ANTI-BILLIOUS FEMALE PILLS.--Take two ounces mandrake root, two ounces -gamboge, two ounces blood root, two ounces lobelia, pulverized fine; -mix and moisten with molasses, and make into pills of common size; -take from two to three pills every night. They are good for a relax, -dysentery, rheumatism, jaundice, or female obstruction. - - -RHEUMATIC POWDER.--One ounce Virginia snake root, two ounces white pine -bark, two ounces prickly ash, pulverized together, put into two quarts -of water, and boil to three pints. Dose, one gill three times a day. - - -FOR DYSENTERY.--A strong tea made of black cherry bark and rhubarb, -sweeten with loaf sugar, and add a little brandy. A grown person -should take a tablespoonful every fifteen minutes; younger persons in -proportion to age. - - -HEALING SALVE.--Take one pound each of rosin and beeswax, two ounces -mutton tallow, one ounce gum camphor, one ounce tincture myrrh; -melt the rosin, beeswax and tallow together, then add the camphor, -previously finely pulverized; strain, return it clear into the kettle, -and when it is again well mixed add the tincture of myrrh, and stir -them well together; then turn it into cold water, and work it like wax. -This is likewise a good strengthening plaster, and one of the best -healing salves in use. - - -RELAX IN CHILDREN.--Take wine vinegar and hens’ eggs, equal parts, and -beat them well together; mix in wheat flour stiff as common dough; bake -this moderately. Give one teaspoonful of the powder three times a day. -Mix with the above powder a little powder of hens’ gizzards, the skin -of the gizzard only. - - -TAR WATER.--One gallon of water, one quart of good tar; shake well -for ten minutes, and let it stand four days, then bottle it up; for -pleurisy, palsy, scrofula and salt rheum, drink warm every three hours. -In fact, it is good for consumptive and debilitated females. - - -CLEANSING AND STRENGTHENING SYRUP.--Take equal parts of spikenard, -spruce, sage, sarsaparilla, tamarac, garden rhubarb, elder roots, the -bark of burdock roots, aven roots, wintergreen (such as bears the -small red berry and grows low), water cresses, white Solomon’s seed, -Johnwort, sweet egrimony, princes feather, swamp brake or plenty root, -one pound of raisins, two ounces saffron; put all into an earthen -pot, adding four quarts of water, and cover close; let them stand six -hours to soak, then add three quarts of water; boil all together, and -keep hot nine hours, then strain and add one pound of loaf sugar; boil -six minutes, let it cool and then add half a pint of the best brandy. -Take a wine glass full morning, noon and at bed time; take it one hour -before eating. At the same time drink a tea made from white maple bark, -(some call it whistle-wood); drink freely. - - -INDIAN BEER.--Take five quarts of spring water, one quart of wheat -bran, half pint of good tar, half pint of honey; simmer these three -hours over a slow fire, in an earthen pot, and when cool add half pint -of emptyings; when worked, drink a wine glass full three times a day, -or less, as the patient can bear. - - -EYE WATER.--Take three pints of rain water, to this add one -tablespoonful of fine salt; boil lightly three minutes, and put it into -bottles without straining; let it stand, and put into the eyes night -and morning. - - -FOR THE DROPSY.--Make a tea of poke root, sliced fine, one ounce and a -half; put this into one pint of white wine, add two tablespoonsful of -ground mustard seed, and let it stand twenty-four hours. Drink a wine -glass full every morning. - -Another: Take half an ounce of Indian hemp, and add one quart of -boiling water; simmer down to one pint, and add two ounces of cream -tartar, half an ounce of ginger, one tablespoonful of brown sugar. Give -the patient one tablespoonful every three hours, and increase if the -patient can bear it. Use it moderately as it is powerful. - - -COMPOSITION.--Take two pounds bayberry bark, one pound ginger, one -pound pulverized hemlock bark, one ounce cayenne pepper, one ounce -cloves, all pulverized; mix thoroughly and sift. It is particularly -useful as a convenient family medicine in sudden colds, febrile -attacks, hoarseness, sore throat, coughs, influenza, toothache, pain -in the stomach, bowels, or other parts of the body, rheumatism, cold -hands and feet, diarrhœa, dysentery, colic, croup, giddiness, hysteria, -mumps, jaundice, worms, nervous disorders, and the various affections -of the skin. - -_Directions._--For a grown persen half a teaspoonful of the powder -and add a little loaf sugar, rub them together and add half a pint of -boiling water; drink the tea as hot as you can bear it. There is no -occasion for swallowing the grounds, as is a common practice, for the -strength of the medicine will be extracted by the boiling water, and -the sediment can have no other effect than to clog and irritate the -stomach. When the tea is taken the patient should be in bed with a warm -brick at their feet, or sitting by a fire wrapped in a blanket, to -create perspiration. - - -FOR A SCALD HEAD.--Take of hops and wood soot, four ounces each, and -three pints of water; boil down to half a pint, then strain and add -four ounces fresh butter; let it simmer till the water is out; use -every day. Or, beef’s gall, dried to the consistence of a salve, spread -on linen, and let it remain for five days; then make use of the soot -ointment. - - -FOR DEAFNESS.--Take a turnip, wrapped in brown paper, and put it in a -bed of hot ashes; when cooked take it out and squeeze out the juice, -and put it in bottles. Use by putting three drops on a piece of cotton -every other day. - - -CURE FOR SORE NIPPLES.--Take a large flat turnip, scrape out the heart -of it and put into the hollow half an ounce of beeswax, a gill of train -oil, and a gill of honey; set it on hot ashes for an hour, when you -must pound the turnip and contents until the juice is out. Apply this -to the nipples four times a day, which will surely cure. - - -EYE WATER.--Take fresh eggs and empty out the contents, leaving in each -shell a little of the white of the egg, put into each shell ten grains -of white vitrol and fill them with rose or rain water; set each shell -in warm ashes to simmer for half an hour; strain the water through a -piece of fine linen, and pour a gill of rose water in it; keep it in a -bottle well corked. This will cure by applying it three or four times a -day, and taking care not to catch cold. - - -CONSUMPTIVE COMPLAINTS AND INFLAMMATION CAUSED BY COLDS IN -WOUNDS.--Take yellow pond lily root and boil till the strength is out, -then strain and thicken with coarse wheat flour; if yellow lily cannot -be had, use slippery elm or basswood bark. Cattail flag is good to make -a poultice. - - -STOMACH TINCTURE.--Take one ounce of gentian root, half an ounce of -dried orange peel, one ounce of the inside bark of white pine; put -these into one pint of cogniac brandy, and in four days it will be fit -for use. - - -FOR PILES.--Canada thistle, simmered in clear lard. - - -LIME WATER.--Take half a pound of unslacked lime, put it into two -quarts of water, and let it stand twenty-four hours, stirring it two or -three times. Take off the clear water, blow the scum aside, and take -half glass full two or three times a day; if too strong, add water, or -if it heats the stomach take vinegar. - - -TO REGULATE THE BOWELS.--Take one teaspoonful of castile soap before -breakfast, and one teaspoonful after breakfast, for three days, then -take gentian bitters. - - -HOARSENESS.--Nettle roots, powdered fine, and mixed with an equal -quantity of molasses; take one tablespoonful night and morning. - - -INFLAMMATION IN THE EYES.--Put half an ounce of quicksilver in three -pints of water, and boil to one pint; then bottle it; make a poultice -of this with Indian meal, and apply under the chin; renew it when too -dry. - - -FOR A COUGH.--Take equal parts of moss taken from white oak, white -maple and white ash; make a strong tea, and sweeten with honey; this -will generally cure. Take half a wine glass full three times a day, and -in the night if required. - -Another: Smartweed, pulverized fine, mixed with an equal quantity of -molasses; take a teaspoonful three times a day. - - -FOR A FELLON.--Take rock salt, rolled in a cabbage leaf and pulverized, -two ounces spirits turpentine; mix and apply. - - -VOLATILE SALTS.--Take one ounce sal amoniac, two ounces pearlash; -powder them separately, then mix together, and moisten with the essence -of cinnamon, or spirits of any kind; put it into a bottle and keep well -corked. This is good to apply to the nose in case of faintness. - - -TOOTHACHE DROPS.--Take wild celendine root in powder, or wet a piece of -lint with the juice, and apply it to the tooth. - - -FOR WORMS.--Take dry cobbs and burn them and make a powder; boil them -in soft water till the strength is out; strain off the ley, and boil -down very strong; give the patient a teaspoonful once an hour for three -or four hours. This is very good for worms. Or make a strong tea of -sumach berries of which drink a wine glass full. This will do when the -patient is first attacked. - - -BATHING FOR ALL PAINS.--Take three ounces of the oil of lavender, three -ounces sulphuric ether, one ounce of alcohol, two drachms of laudanum; -mix well together, and rub the afflicted part with a piece of flannel -wet with the mixture; sit by a fire and keep it warm, before going to -bed. - - -OX GALL--Is good for the gout. Bathe the parts affected with the gall -and warm it in with a hot shovel or brick. It will give prompt relief. - - -TO RENDER TEETH INSENSIBLE TO PAIN.--Diseased teeth have been rendered -insensible to pain by a cement composed of Canada balsam and slacked -lime, which is to be inserted in the hollow, or cavity, of the tooth; -it will relieve instantly. - - -A CANCER UNDER THE EYE--Was cured by drinking one quart of tar water -daily, and applying a plaster of tar and mutton tallow melted together; -this cured a cancer in two months, and of twenty years standing. Or -mix black pepper, burned alum and honey, equal parts, and use it as an -ointment. - - -A NEWLY DISCOVERED CURE FOR A POLYPUS.--An elderly lady applied to -me for advice, who had been afflicted for a long time with a fleshy -excresence, which filled up the passage of her nose. By using the -following simple prescription a cure was performed in a few days: Take -half an ounce of blood root, finely pulverized and sifted, and one -drachm of camomile; mix them together for a sternutatory. A small pinch -of this powder is to be snuffed up the nostrils for the polypus of -the nose, three times a day. The following wash, or lotion, is to be -thrown up the nostrils with a syringe twice a day, until the polypus is -removed: Dissolve half an ounce of powdered alum in a gill of brandy, -and shake the vial until the alum is dissolved. This is a tried, safe -and sure cure for polypus of the nose without the use of instruments, -which subjects the patient to extreme pain and is often very dangerous. - -ELIXIR PRO.--Take one quart of good spirits, to which add two ounces -myrrh; let it stand in the sun four days, then add half an ounce of -aloes, one ounce of saffron, and let it stand two days. - - -ALTERATIVE SYRUP.--Take two pounds sarsaparilla, one pound guaiacum, -eleven ounces sassafras, eleven ounces alder flowers; boil together in -three quarts of water, pour off, add one pint and a half of spirits and -five pounds of sugar. Drink a wine glass full three times a day. - - -FOR A COUGH.--Take two heads of garlic, a lemon sliced, four ounces -licorice, half a pint of liquor, four ounces flax seed, three pints of -water, boil down to one quart, and strain; take a tea cup full on going -to bed. - - -RECIPE FOR A COLD.--Take a large teaspoonful of linseed with two penny -worth of stick licorice, and a quarter of a pound of sun raisins. Put -them in two quarts of soft water; add to it a quarter of a pound of -brown sugar candy, powdered and a tablespoonful of white wine vinegar, -or lemon juice. - -_Note._--The vinegar is to be added only to the quantity you are going -immediately to take; for if it be put into the whole, it is liable, in -a little time, to grow flat. Drink half a pint on going to bed, and -take a little when the cough is troublesome. - -This recipe generally cures the worst of colds, in one or two days; -and, if taken in time, may be said to be almost an infallible remedy. -It is a sovereign balsamic cordial for the lungs, without the opening -qualities which endanger fresh colds in going out. It has been known to -cure colds which have almost been settled into consumptions, in less -than three weeks. - - -BITE OF A RATTLESNAKE, OR ANY OTHER POISONOUS SNAKE.--It is good, -when you expect to be in danger of being bitten by poisonous snakes, -to keep a small bag of fine salt in your pocket, so that you may bind -it on. As soon as you are bit, cut and scarify in and near the place -where the bite is, with a lancet, or sharp pointed knife; this will -keep the orifice open, so that the poison may the better be drawn out; -then take, if it can be had, one or two of the nubs or balls of the -thimble-weed, steep in water, pound it well, put it on the bite and -keep it on a quarter or half hour; then see if it has made a blister, -and if not, repeat the application until you get one; then take it -off, but, in the mean time, take care to have the person chewing the -leaves or bark of white ash, and swallow plenty of the juice, but not -one drop of water, until the poison is working out; take the leaves of -white ash, mountain flax, robin’s plantain roots, tops, and bloodwort, -(called by some St. Andrew’s crosswort, and by some quinsy) roots and -tops, and snake violet (sometimes called buck-horn plantain) roots and -tops, and conicle roots, altogether, or such parts as can be collected -in great haste, about a handful of each, and pound all together; then -put them into a pot of water, and boil them until very strong, (save -some out to drink often and plentifully,) and wash and bathe the part -affected with this preparation often, rubbing, stroking and working -above, below, and all around, pressing toward the wound; the liquor -should be about blood warm; apply on the bite a cabbage leaf, or a -smooth plantain leaf, wilted by the fire; apply your herbs and liquor -like a poultice, all over the limb or the part affected, and repeat as -often as the poultice gets too dry--not forgetting to drink often of -the liquor. If the poison doth rage much, give the juice of horehound -and brown sugar, to drink. But I tell you again, give no water to -drink, and take care to keep the wound open and moving, with the leaves -wilted by the fire. - -When you want to heal the wound, make an ointment of hog’s lard and -ox-weed, green bark of sweet elder, the smooth leaf plantain roots and -tops, and anoint the part two or three times a day, or as you find -need. After the cure is effected, you ought to physic well, in order -to cleanse the blood; and to prevent a return of the sickness and -preserve the eye-sight; the patient may have new milk to drink, with -other drinks. And when the poison is out of the system, be careful not -to drink great draughts of water, but make tea of good things, to warm -and sweeten the blood. In this way, I have kept patients from one drop -of water, for full nine days. One John Lee, being hit on his feet, had -three doctors to attend him, who soon fixed him for his winding-sheet. -He had been laid out near two hours, when a man came in and gave him -the snake violet and bloodwort juice, in white or sweet wine, half of -each, mixed together, and the man recovered and lived. - - -STOMACH FAINTNESS, SICKNESS AND SWELLING.--Take the ripe berries of -spice bush, dry them, and pound them in a mortar as fine as you can; -then put them in a good, strong linen bag, press it well, and it will -produce a very good oil; then bottle it up for use. You may take it -with safety. - - -A SALVE FOR BRUISES, SCALDS AND WOUNDS.--Take two pounds of fresh hog’s -lard, one-half pound each of beeswax and rosin, one pound of good -well-cured tobacco, one-quarter pound nightshade and one drachm of -deaplemer; stew over a moderate fire about two hours, then strain it -clear for use. It is also good for burns. - - -A SALVE FOR GREEN WOUNDS AND BOILS.--Take the yolk of an egg, and one -spoonful each of honey, wheat flour and white pine turpentine; simmer -all together; when cold, it is fit for use. - - -TO MAKE EYE WATER, AND A WASH FOR BRUISES, STABS, OLD SORES, ULCERS, -SWELLINGS, EAR ACHES, AND TO REMOVE CANCERS.--Take one quart of rain or -river water, made boiling hot, put it into a pewter or earthen basin, -and put into it one spoonful of white vitriol and half a spoonful of -raw alum, pounded fine, one spoonful of the spirits of wine, half a -large thimble full of gum elerne, made fine as can be; let it stand -till it is cold, and bottle it up for use. - -The way to use it, is to make it as hot as you can bear it, in an -earthen vessel, and bathe the place often and well. - - -TO STOP BLEEDING, AND TO HEAL A FLESH WOUND.--Take a clean linen rag, -dry it well by the fire so that it begins to be brown; then put it to -the blaze, and let it burn to a good cinder, put it on the wound as hot -as you can, bind it on the wound and keep it on till it works loose, -and it will stop the blood; if it wants more healing, apply clean lint -instead of a plaster, and make a wash of liquor of soap and urine, -spikenard, or the like. - - -FOR THE RHEUMATISM.--Take a small glass bottle full of angle-worms, -washed clean, with a rag or paper stopple, and put the bottle into a -loaf of bread, and mould it to bake as usual; set it into the oven -and bake it well, and after your bread is drawn out of the oven, let -it stand till it gets cold; then cut it open, and the worms will make -a fine oil; you may strain the oil from the muddy bottom, and anoint -the place affected with it. For a drink, put the root and tops of -princes pine into brandy, and drink night and morning as you can bear, -repeating your anointing as often as required, and keep warm. - - -ANOTHER--FOR RHEUMATISM, OR PAINFUL SWELLING OF THE JOINTS.--Take a -black water turtle, and bruise or pound it to pieces; put it into a -pot of water and boil it smartly near two hours; then take it off and -let it get cold, and skim off the oil and keep it for use; anoint -the place affected hot by the fire, bind it up with flannel cloths, -and dress as often as you find need. For drink to cleanse the blood, -take a handful of the roots and tops of princes pine, half a handful -of horse-radish roots, a pound each of the bark of sweet alder roots, -sarsaparilla root, prickly ash bark, black birch bark, garden nettle -roots and burdock roots, and half a bushel of good malt or one gallon -of molasses, and brew about six gallons of good beer, let it work well, -and drink as you find you can bear; keep yourself from wet and cold. - - -AN EXCELLENT SALVE FOR BURNS AND OTHER SORES.--Take one gallon of -good old cider, and steep one pound of good tobacco in it cold for -twenty-four hours, then strain and press out all the liquor; you may -dry the tobacco, and it will be good to smoke; take your liquor, strain -it clean and put into it half a pound of rosin, half a pound of beeswax -and half a pound of deer or mutton tallow; stew it over a moderate fire -to the consumption of all the cider, and if you find it hard, temper it -by adding fresh hog’s lard: fit for use. It is the best kind of salve. - - -TO MAKE GOOD FAMILY PHYSIC.--Take a large iron pot full of the bark -of butternut roots, got in the month of June; fill it up with water, -and boil it twelve hours; take out the bark and put in a handful of -the roots of smellage, dill, annis-seed, or the like, and boil it -again till it begins to be a little thick; then strain it again very -clean, and stew it away very moderately, until it is hard enough to -form into pills, as you may ascertain by cooling some of it as the -rest is boiling; when you find it is sufficiently hard, take it off -the fire and put it into a small dish; burn two or three egg shells on -the hot coals till they will pound fine enough to go through a coarse -sieve, and near three spoonsful of fine flour of brimstone, together, -and put it into the physic; mix it all the time while cooling, to -prevent the powders from settling. A grown person may take as much as -a tablespoonful at night, before going to bed, either made into pills -or dissolved in water, or in the morning, fasting; if it does not work -down in two hours, take half as much more, and keep repeating until it -does work; drink a great plenty of water gruel, made of Indian meal. - - -AN OINTMENT FOR THE KING’S EVIL.--Take one pound of butter made in -May, and take as much of the roots of fresh fox glove (what some call -lady-shoe), pound it very fine, and put as much in the butter as will -mix; set it in the hot sun thirty days, taking it in evenings, and days -when it rains or is very cloudy; after it has had thirty days’ sun, -press out the ointment, and annoint the king’s evil. For this purpose, -it is said it has no equal; you must physic the blood well to carry it -off. - - -FOR A COUGH OF LONG CONTINUANCE.--Take three or four quarts of wheat -bran, boil it in a pailful of water to a strong wort; then take it off -the fire, take out near a quart of the wort and set it away to drink; -then put your feet into the bran and liquor, and rub, scrape and work -the soles of your feet with an old knife as long as the water is warm; -then go right into a warm bed and drink the rest of the wort you have -saved out; sweat plentifully and so repeat it three or four nights, and -you will likely find help in almost any cough; be careful not to get -any cold. - - -SYRUP FOR A COUGH.--Take one or two turnips, slice them very thin, take -a pewter or earthen basin and sprinkle it over with brown sugar, then -lay on a layer of elecampane roots, sliced or pounded, then a laying of -sugar, next of turnips, and so on until the basin is nearly full; set -it in an oven, or a warm cellar, a day or a night, and you will have -a fine syrup. Take half a gill on going to bed; you may eat the roots -also--but, as they open the pores of the body, you ought to be careful -not to get cold. - - -ANOTHER.--Take hoarhound, garden colt’s-foot roots, spikenard roots, -and, for weakness, add hartshorn, Solomon’s seal, comfrey and brook -liverwort; stew in water till it is strong, then strain off the liquor, -and to a quart of the syrup add half a pound of honey or good brown -sugar, and a gill of rum; simmer again over the fire half an hour and -bottle it up; take as you can bear, night and morning, fasting. - - -WIND CHOLIC--INDIAN MEDICINE.--Take the bark or buds of boxwood, such -as has a large blossom in the spring, much like a peach blossom--the -tree is short and scrubby, and bears paleish berries; boil the bark or -buds, or both together, in water, and give the person plenty to drink, -to break away the wind, and it will quickly give the patient ease. - - -HARD SWELLING--FOR MAN OR BEAST.--Make an ointment of one pound of the -bark of bittersweet, half pound of young and tender mullen leaves, a -large handful of the white of hen dung and a handful of wormwood; boil -all together in water till the strength is all boiled out; squeeze -out the liquor and strain it clean; now add one pound of hog’s lard, -stew it till the water is all out, then turn it into a small vessel -and keep it for use, to annoint the place swelled; if you find it is -not powerful enough, add to a gill of the ointment, one spoonful of -the spirits of vitriol, or half a spoonful of the oil of vitriol, well -mixed by a hot fire or with a hot iron. If it is a beast you have in -hand, the spirits and oil of vitriol may be used with neat’s foot oil -for the same purpose, or be put into other ointments for swellings, -with safety; it is good for old crusty, hard, scabby sores, to work out -hard, dead matter or crusts in sores, for both man or beast, and set -the sore to work. - - -DROPSY.--For persons inclined to dropsy, or stoppage of urine, and -swelling in the body, take the roots of one-berry, so called because -it bears but one berry in a place, which is large, red, resembling a -strawberry; by some it is called Scotch bonnet, because the bud on the -top, before the blossom comes, resembles that bonnet; it grows some -like a weed, about logs, stone-heaps or old fences; it has a large -leaf, which falls off in the fall of the year, and grows again the -next spring; some call this dropsy root. Take this root and boil it -in water, and drink plenty of it. It is also very good for horses and -cattle, if they swell in their bodies, for stoppage of water and great -pain, add some rosin to it. - - -ULCERS, SORES AND HARD SWELLINGS ON THE JOINTS.--If they have been so -for many years, take half a pailful of the bark of the red roots of -red willow, (found on low, wet land,) scrape it off very fine with a -knife; the bark must be red, as you will find some will be red and -some not, as both will grow from one tree or bunch of willow bushes; -that which is not red will not do at all, and if such large red willow -is not to be had, get a small willow which is called rose willow, and -grows on dry, hilly land, and sometimes on flat plains, two, three -and four feet high, and has a bunch of leaves on the top, much in the -form of a rose, from which it takes its name, and it will answer for -the same purpose; take the red bark of these roots, as of the other, -and boil it very strong in a large pot of water; then take it off the -fire, and place the joint over the steam, covered over with a blanket -and fermented as long as the liquor is hot; then wash and bathe as long -as the liquor is warm, and bind on as much of the bark as you can keep -on, and so repeat twice a day; it may be some months before a cure is -completed. - -In cases where fever sores existed, or the like, and the bone has -rotted by the fever, and the scales come out, this treatment has made -the greatest number of cures, in such cases, of any I have ever met -with, or knew; it is also very good to put about half a brick, well -pounded, in the liquor; in using this great remedy, you ought first to -physic the blood thoroughly, to throw off the old humors, and make the -cure sound and firm; afterwards, use plenty of scabis root, made into -a tea, and drink every day, or make a good beer with it; or sometimes -take it in powders--about a spoonful. - - -WORMS IN CHILDREN.--Take the third bark (which is the inner one,) of -spotted alder, that bears a small, red berry, scrape off the bark with -a knife, and boil half a pound in about one gallon of water, to one -quart; then strain it clean, and take out, for a child, about half a -pint, and set it away in a bottle; add to the other about half a pint -of sweet milk and about half a pint of molasses; simmer these together -over the fire a little while, and bottle it up; one day before the full -or change of the moon, give the child a third part of that you saved -out, and the rest the two next mornings; after that let them drink the -syrup. - - -CANCERS.--Take the leaves and small, tender tops or branches of -poke-weed; pound together and squeeze out the juice, and put it into -an earthen pot; set it in the sun, till it has acquired the thickness -of an ointment; spread the plaster the size of the sore on the leaf of -the plant, when green, and on black silk in the winter; apply a new -plaster three or four times during the day, if the pain can be indured, -which is sometimes very great. This remedy, which kills and loosens the -cancer at the bottom and draws it to the outside, makes it apparently -worse for the time, on first using, but nevertheless effects a radical -cure in about five or six months. No physic or strong drink is to be -made use of, except in case of fainting, when a little good spirits may -be used. This has effected cures, in many instances, where the cancers -were of an inveterate kind and of long duration, and has never failed -of success. - - -SALT RHEUM OR SCURVY.--Take the poke-weed leaves, any time in the -summer, pound and squeeze out the juice; strain it into a pewter -basin, and set in the sun until it becomes a salve; then put it into -an earthen mug and add fresh butter and beeswax, sufficient to make an -ointment of common thickness; simmer the whole over the fire, and keep -constantly stirring it until it is thoroughly mixed; when cold, rub the -part affected twice a day, till the cure is completed, which will be in -the course of three or four months; the patient will soon experience -its good effects. - - -WHOOPING COUGH.--Take a good handful of dry colts-foot leaves, cut -them small and boil them in one quart of spring water to half a pint, -then take it off the fire, and when it is almost cold, strain it clean -through a cloth, squeezing the herbs as dry as you can; then dissolve -in it one ounce of brown sugar candy, finely powdered, and give a child -three or four years old one spoonful, cold or warm, according to the -season, and so in proportion to the age and strength, three or four -times a day (or oftener if the fits of coughing come frequently,) till -well, which will be in two or three days; it will soon abate the fits -of coughing. - - -RHEUMATISM.--A specific and infallible cure for the most inveterate -Rheumatism of many years standing, has been communicated by a man of -character from the coast of Guinea. He says the negroes of that country -easily remove it in a little time, by rubbing the part affected with -a mixture of cayenne pepper and strong spirits; the rubbing must be -continued for some time, and repeated till the cure is effected; the -pepper must be reduced to powder. Several Americans, most grievously -tormented with this intolerable disorder, have been so effectually -relieved by this happy communication, as not to have the least remains -of it, and with my own experience, I believe it, but would rather -depend on it with the addition of drinking a glass of princes pine, -steeped in good French brandy, morning and evening, for the blood; I do -not doubt of its being an almost certain cure--but remember to guard -against cold and wet. - - -SORE BREAST.--Take the sprouts of the first year’s growth of bitter -poplar, and scrape off the bark, and the bark of sumack roots, a -handful of each, half a handful of camomile and as much of mullen -leaves; stew in one pound of hog’s fat over a moderate fire, then -strain it clean and add half a gill of good rum; simmer again to the -consumption of the rum, and it is fit for use. - - -FOR A POULTICE--Take roots and some of the tender leaves of scabious, -pound in a mortar to a salve and spread it on a piece of thin leather; -heat it hot by the fire until it is brown, cover it over with the -before mentioned ointment, and apply to the breast; repeat as often as -you find need. - - -ULCER.--A tea of white pine bark, elixir salutes and the yolk of an -egg, is good for an inward ulcer that is broke. - - -BURNS.--Make a poultice of Indian meal and emptyings, to draw out the -fire; when it is out, strew on red precipitate, then apply a plaster -made of hog’s fat, mutton tallow and beeswax; simmer together, take it -off and cool it so as not to curdle the egg, then put in the yolk of an -egg, and stir it till it becomes the consistency of salve. - - -DISSOLVING STONE IN THE BLADDER.--Take the expressed juice of horse -mint and red onion, one gill of each, every morning and evening, till -the complaint be removed; if the green mint cannot be had, make a -strong decoction of the dry herb. - - -WEAK JOINTS.--When the cord is stretched, take yarrow, Solomon’s seal, -comfrey roots and mug-wort, make it into an ointment, with fresh butter -or cat’s grease; to guard the stomach, make a tea of St. John’s wort. - - -FLUX.--Take two teaspoonfuls of clean hickory or oak ashes, quite hot, -in half a gill of old spirits or milk, night and morning, two or three -days if necessary; let the patient live on a flour diet altogether, and -it is good to wear warm flannel next the stomach. - - -RHEUMATISM.--Take one pound of roll brimstone, pound it fine and put it -into an earthen pot; pour thereon one gallon of boiling water, and stir -it well; after standing about twenty-four hours, it is fit for use. -Drink half a pint in the morning, before breakfast, and the same before -going to bed, and a radical cure will be effected in the space of a few -weeks. - - -BROKEN BONES.--Take the bark of tag alder, wormwood tops and the white -of hen-dung; boil in water till the strength is out, then strain and -add one gill of hog’s fat, and simmer to an ointment; use with care not -to hurt the bone. - - -SCALD OR BURN.--Take half a pint of milk, thicken it with Indian meal, -add four spoonsful of soot and four spoonsful of molasses; wet the -poultice with sweet oil and apply. The milk must be scalded, not boiled. - - -RICKETS AND CONSUMPTION.--To make two quarts of syrup: take a quart -of malt, put it into two gallons of water and boil till the strength -is out; strain it, and to the wort add brook and noble liverwort, -rock polly pody, maiden hair, dog grass, comfrey roots, Indian beans, -parsley, violets, daisy, Johnwort, low balm, tormentile, low bittory, -elder flowers and garden berage, a good handful of each; boil them two -or three hours, strain and let it settle, pour it off from the dregs -and put into it a little licorice and annis-seed; boil it again, strain -and put into it a pint of molasses, make it just boil, and it is done. -Dose for a child three months old, a spoonful in the morning, before -noon, afternoon and at night. - - -TO MAKE ELIXIR PRO.--Take one quart of good spirits, add to it two -ounces of myrrh; let it stand in the warm sun four days, then add half -ounce socotrin aloes and one ounce saffron; stir it as before, let it -stand two days, then pour it off for use. - - -TO MAKE ELIXIR ASTHMATIC.--Take two ounces of flowers of benzoin, two -ounces saffron, one ounce crude opium, half ounce oil of annis-seed -and one pound spirits wine; put all together, stand four days in a -warm place, frequently shaking it; strain, and add half ounce oil of -annis-seed; shake it well. Dose, from 20 to 100 drops. - - -PILES.--Take one handful each of the bark of sumack roots, the green -of alder, and mullen, put them all together in a clean earthen vessel, -with hog’s lard; simmer over a moderate fire the best part of a day, -then strain it through a cloth, and it is fit for use; anoint often. - - -STRENGTHENING SYRUP.--Take a handful each of asparagus roots; sweet -apple tree bark, black and red alder bark, black cherry bark and hops; -put all into two quarts water, and boil it down to one quart; add one -ounce of rosin, sweeten it with loaf sugar, and add half a pint of gin. -Dose, half a gill. - - -HEAD-ACHE PILLS.--Two ounces aloes, half an ounce mastic, two drachms -dried marjoram, two drachms salts of wormwood; make them all into a -powder, with juice of coolwort and sugar, as much as is sufficient. -This compound strengthens the stomach, brain, nerves and muscles, -and relieves them of humors; they open obstructions of the liver and -spleen, and remove diseases therefrom. Take half a drachm on going to -bed. - - -DEWEY’S TINCTURE.--Take two ounces gum guaiacum, half ounce alspice, -one-fourth ounce salts of tartar or common pearlash, and one pint -brandy; pulverize the gum and alspice, steep the whole in the brandy -four days, and then strain off the liquor; add to it one tablespoonful -of the volatile spirits of sal-ammoniac, and keep it corked close. -Dose--a teaspoonful twice a day for about a week, before and at the -time of being unwell. - - -STIMULATING EMBROCATION.--In case of mortification, take a drachm of -sal-ammoniac to two ounces of vinegar and six of water. This forms a -mixture of the proper strength. - - -POULTICE TO STOP MORTIFICATION.--Take beef brain, boil and skim it -well, then take it off; take the blossoms of mayweed and feather few, -powder them fine and put them in the brain, stirring them in; thicken -it with Indian meal until fit for use. Do not put it over the fire -after the meal is put in. - - -RHEUMATISM.--One pint neats foot oil, middling beef’s gall, half pint -French brandy and one gill spirits turpentine, simmered well together; -when applied to the parts affected, those parts should be well heated -by the fire to make it take affect. - - -CHOLIC.--Take one handful of hoarhound and one handful of oak -of Jerusalem, boil them well until the liquor is reduced to two -tablespoonful, then add one tablespoonful of molasses; simmer the whole -together, and add one spoonful each of good spirits and spirits of -turpentine; stir them well together. Take one teaspoonful three times a -day. - - -OPODELDOCK.--Take two and half pounds of alcohol, five drachms windsor -soap, and four drachms camphor; digest in a glass vessel till the soap -is dissolved; then add one ounce oil of sassafras, three ounces oil of -lavender, half drachm each origanum and oil fir, four drachms alcohol -and spirits ammonia; put into viol. - - -COMPOUND POWDERS.--Of jalap, cream tartar and senna, take equal -quantities of each. Dose--one drachm or sixty grains. - - -SODA POWDERS.--Forty grains tartaric acid, in powders, fifty grains -super-carbonate soda, and eighty grains Rochelle salts. - - -PAIN IN THE LEGS.--Take oil origanum and make a strong tincture; then -add as much fine salt as will dissolve; bathe with this evenings. - - -ANOTHER.--Oil origanum, sassafras and lavender; add ether to dissolve -the oils. - - -PHTHISIC.--Take buds of mandrake, dry them thoroughly and pound them -finely, then take the same quantity of ipecac, put it into vinegar or -warm water, and take a tablespoonful at a time, until it operates; then -take roots of mandrake, split, dry and powder them fine, also a handful -of rock lungwort, dried and powdered, and a spoonful of red vain-dock -and tamarack gum; put all into a quart of gin, and drink half a wine -glass full three times a day. - - -TO WARM THE BLOOD.--Take of wild colts foot roots and tops, white wood -bark and skunk cabbage roots, three tablespoonsful each, powdered, in -one pint of gin and one pint of water; infuse three days, and take half -a wine glass full four times a day. - - -SALT RHEUM.--Take half pound litharge, one quart sharp vinegar, simmer -over the fire till the litharge is dissolved; add one pound hog’s lard, -tallow, fresh butter, and the fine dust of guiacum; apply a moderate -heat till the vinegar is principally evaporated; stir till cold. Anoint -the parts twice a day. This has cured very obstinate cases. - - -TO CLEANSE THE BLOOD.--Sarsaparilla, burdock roots, lignumvitæ and -spice bush, in tea or syrup, with tar ointment made with mutton tallow. - - -INDIGESTION.--Take one quart of Lisbon wine, put in four ounces of -Peruvian bark, three ounces of steel dust and one ounce of ginger; -take a wine glass full four times a day, morning, noon and night, half -an hour before eating; after supper, put two teaspoonsful of magnesia -in water, and take before going to bed; to relieve the wind in the -stomach, take a teaspoonful of ether in cold water. - - -DISTRESS IN STOMACH AND BREAST.--Inside bark of white pine and tamarac -twigs of this year’s growth, a large handful of each, and two large -wild turnips; boil in three quarts of water down to three pints; strain -and add half a pound loaf sugar and half pint rum; bottle it close. -Dose--half a gill three times a day, an hour before you eat. - - -FITS.--One drachm flowers of pine, one drachm extract of stramonium and -fifteen grains assafœtida; make into pills the size of a pea. Take one -every night. - - -DIABETES.--Take equal parts of the roots of Solomon’s seal and comfrey -roots, and half as much spikenard; boil twelve hours and sweeten with -honey; take sufficient to nauseate the stomach, three times a day; use -medical beer with plenty sumach roots in it. Wash the abdomen every -day with a wash made of equal parts tincture cantharadus and cinnamon -water, mixed. - - -PLASTER.--Four ounces rosin, one ounce beeswax, half ounce each black -and red pepper; put the whole into one pint of spirits, and simmer till -it becomes thick; when nearly cold, add half ounce sassafras oil and -half ounce gum camphor pulverized; spread on leather. - - -ASTHMA.--The vegetables which compose these drops, present themselves -about the last of July or first of August, and should be procured at -that time. Take half pound garden rue, one pound garden colt’s-foot, -one pound tops and blows of purple vervain, half pound green tobacco -leaves, half pound hyssop, one pound hoarhound, one pound arsmart, half -pound oak Jerusalem, half pound elecampane roots and half pound sweet -cicely roots. - -Pound these ingredients in an iron mortar, boil them twelve hours, then -throw out the roots and put half a pound rock weed, called spleenwort; -then add four ounces stick licorice, two ounces seneca snake root and -two ounces annis seed; boil down to one quart, then strain and boil -down to one pint; add one ounce refined licorice, half pound loaf -sugar, half pound of honey--bumble bee honey, if it can be procured. -These drops must be corked tight in tin vessels; after fermentation, -add an ounce of red cedar oil. Take one teaspoonful twice a day. - - -FOR RELAXATION OF THE SOLIDS.--Take four drachms each of colt’s-foot -and sweet cicely, three ounces hartshorn rasped, two drachms guaiacum, -two drachms each comfrey, Solomon’s seal and spikenard roots, and one -drachm elecampane; boil or simmer all in a suitable quantity of water -to three pints; strain and add one pound of honey; simmer, stir and -strain again; when cold, add a pint of Madeira wine and bottle for use. -Dose--half a gill three times a day. - - -SYRUP FOR CONSUMPTION.--Take spikenard, elecampane, comfrey and yellow -willow root, put into a stone pot and cover; let it stand and steep -twelve hours, then strain it and add loaf sugar and one pint wine to a -quart. Take half gill three times a day. - - -FLAX SEED SYRUP.--Take one pint flax seed and a small handful -spikenard; boil in about three parts water until it becomes quite -thick, then strain it through a thin strainer; add half pint molasses -or strained honey, put it on to simmer, and be particular to take off -the scum. The flax seed and spikenard should be washed clean. Take two -tablespoonsful on going to bed, one in the morning, fasting, and one a -little before dinner. - - -MARKS ON CHILDREN.--Take one gill of rum, one gill port wine, one -spoonful tar, one spoonful black pepper and a piece of mutton tallow; -take a parsnip and pound so as to get the strength; simmer the whole -together in fresh butter till the liquid part is evaporated; then -strain the ointment and anoint the sore. - - -COUGH SYRUP.--Take tamarac twigs, inside bark of white pine, oak of -Jerusalem, colts-foot, maiden hair and wild turnip; half gill three -times a day. - - -STOMACH PLASTER.--Four pounds beeswax, two pounds frankincense (gum -therics), two and a half pounds burgundy pitch, two pounds rosin, one -pound Venice turpentine, two and half ounces winter’s bark, two and -half ounces oil spearmint, four ounces alspice, two and half ounces -camphor, two and half ounces cloves, six ounces red sanders. - - -WEAK STOMACH.--Take half pound green bark balsam fir, one pound white -pine bark, half pound bark sumach roots, two ounces garden sallindine, -and a little milk weed roots; boil in four quarts of water down to two -quarts, add one pint of good rum, and sweeten with honey or sugar; take -half a gill three times a day, an hour before eating. - - -PAIN IN THE BREAST.--Take white pine, one ounce grated touch-wood, and -put in one quart French brandy; quarter gill three times a day. - -Make a tea of golden maiden hair for a common drink. - - -STRENGTHENING SYRUP.--Take white pine, pitch pine and balm of gilead -buds; make a syrup. Dose--half gill three times a day; live upon a -light, nourishing diet. - - -FOR CONSUMPTIVE FEMALES.--Take polly pod roots, boil them in water to -suitable strength, then sweeten, and add one pint of sweet wine to one -quart. Take half gill three times a day. - -Take pepperage chips from the east side of the tree, and make a tea for -a constant drink. - - -CATAMENIA.--Give a tea of lady shoe, and polly pod roots, for an -obstructed catamenia. - - -FITS.--Take wild indigo roots, make a poultice, and put on the stomach, -hands and feet. - - -TO STRENGTHEN.--Take two ounces prickly ash bark and one ounce crawley, -and make a syrup. Take half gill three times a day, fasting. - - -KING’S EVIL.--A tea of seneca would be good for the patient to drink -frequently; for a bath, take white maple bark, boil it and wash the -parts affected, and apply the bark as a poultice. - - -FEMALE DEBILITY.--To prevent raising her food after eating, give her -trule root, pulverized, instead of pepper, and tea of the former roots, -a little before eating. - - -BEER.--Take two parts sumach roots, four parts each sassafrass and -black alder, two parts wild cherry and spice bush. - - -CHILBLAINS.--Take off the dirt from an ant-hill; then take the dirt and -ants’ eggs, put them into boiling water; draw off the water, and save a -bottle of it, to drink two or three times a day, half a gill at a time; -with the remainder wash the feet. - -TO WARM AND CLEANSE THE BLOOD.--Take prickly ash berries, bark of white -wood roots, brook lime, bark of bitter sweet roots and culver, and a -little bloodroot. - - -SYRUP FOR CONSUMPTION.--Take one pound bark bitter sweet roots, one -pound sarsaparilla roots, one pound inside of black birch bark, one -pound twigs of sweet fern, one pound prickly ash bark; put into six -quarts water, boil it to four, and strain the liquor into a large -pewter basin; add a quart of rum, one pound loaf sugar, and simmer till -the scum is raised; skim it off, and put into bottles for use. Take -half gill three times a day, an hour before eating. - - -CHOLERA MORBUS.--Take one part alspice and two parts saffron, steep -them together and drink often; sweeten with loaf sugar. - - -SALVE--To remove swellings, weakness of back or joints, and sores. Take -one pound rosin, two ounces beeswax, one ounce spermacetti, one ounce -mutton tallow; melt and stir these together, raise to boiling heat, -take it off the fire and stir again, adding as much good cogniac brandy -as will work in; put this salve into a glass jar, cover with brandy, -and cork it tight for use. - - -FELONS--On the fingers, may be effectually cured, it is said, in three -hours, by making a poultice the size of a small bean, of quick lime -slacked with soap, bound on the spot and renewed every half hour. - - -COLD FEET.--Take one ounce and half common salt, put into one quart rum -and add one ounce oil origanum; rub the feet well every night. - - -FEMALE WEAKNESS.--Take one ounce golden seal, half ounce tansy, half -ounce motherwort seed, not quite half ounce golden thread, ounce beth -root, one ounce white cohosh; put all into four quarts water, boil six -minutes, keep warm seven hours, strain and let cool; add one quart -Madeira wine, and drink a wine glass morning, noon, and before tea. - - -SPIRITS OF LAVENDER.--Take one ounce cinnamon, two drachms cloves, four -drachms nutmeg and three drachms red saunders, to two quarts spirits, -half ounce oil lavender, and four scruples oil rosemary. - - -HYSTERIC PILLS.--Take one ounce hepetick, half ounce each aloes, New -England saffron, and castor; powder and mix them well together, then -add two ounces pitch pine turpentine; stir well together and it is fit -for use. - - -CURRANT WINE.--Take one gallon of water for every gallon currants; -press the currants and strain the liquor; add three pounds sugar to -gallon liquor; let it stand in an open vessel while the scum is rising, -then skim, put it up and cork tight. Two bushels of currants will make -a barrel of wine. - - -SARSAPARILLA SYRUP.--Take one pound sarsaparilla, thirteen ounces -princes pine, nine ounces yellow dock, two pounds poke root, two pounds -black cohosh, two pounds mandrake, one ounce blood root, two pounds -bitter sweet, two pounds juniper berries; boil and strain, and to -every thirteen pints syrup, add three-fourth pound extract dandelion, -one ounce extract white ash, one and half grains licorice to fifteen -gallons syrup, and three pounds sugar to a gallon. - - -DIURETIC DROPS.--Two ounces of sweet spirits nitre, one ounce balsam -copavia, two ounces oil almonds, one ounce spirits turpentine; mix -together and add one scruple champagne. Dose--a small teaspoonful given -in mucilage of gum Arabic, three or four times a day. - -These drops are useful in scalding of urine, from syphilitic or other -inflammations. - - -BLOODY FLUX.--Take fresh butter, melt and skim curdy part; give two -teaspoonsful two or three times a day. - - -ANOTHER.--Take three-fourths ounce old cheese, scrape it fine in a -pint new milk, thickened with flour; let this be the diet; purge with -rhubarb. - - -PLASTER--To draw all humors to one place. Take two quarts strong beer, -not sour, four ounces copperas, four ounces bole Armenia, six drachms -Venice turpentine, and one pint tar; pulverize hard substances, and -mix all in an iron vessel; simmer (not boil,) over a slow coal fire, -stirring often, until it is reduced to one quart; take it from the -fire, stirring it constantly while cooling; it will take from twelve to -sixteen hours to prepare it. - -_Manner of Using._--Spread it on a piece of soft leather, two inches or -more in diameter; put the plaster on when you want to draw the sore; -dress it once in two days, until it begins to run, then dress every -morning. - -_Manner of Dressing._--Take the plaster off, and scrape off the salve; -wash the sore one morning with Castile soap, and the next morning with -milk and water; remove all the old salve before putting on fresh. - -_Medicine Internally._--Make a tea of three pints water to one ounce -mandrake root; when cold, add a quarter pound salts; take half tea cup -on going to bed. Drink sarsaparilla and spotted maple tea; be careful -not to overheat the blood. - - -ASPARAGUS ROOTS.--An excellent ingredient in all compositions intended -to cleanse the viscera, especially where there are obstructions, and in -jaundice and dropsy, as it operates on the urine; it is likewise used -in disorders of the breast. - - -SUDORIFIC DROPS.--Two ounces ipecac, two ounces saffron, two ounces -camphor, two ounces Virginia snake root, two ounces opium, three quarts -Holland gin or spirits; let stand two weeks and strain. Dose--one -teaspoonful in a cup of catnip or pennyroyal tea, given every hour. To -raise perspiration in colds, fevers and inflammations, I know of no -medicine so sure in its operation as this. - - -MADAME YOUNG’S MEDICA MENTUM.--Half ounce of gum aloes, one ounce each -of rhubarb and ginger, one teaspoonful myrrh and cayenne pepper, and -one quart spirits; steep twenty-four hours, and add one teacup sugar -and half pint water. Take one to two tablespoonsful an hour before -eating. This is good for dyspepsia, or any derangement of the stomach. - - -BOWEL COMPLAINT.--One ounce rhubarb, one teaspoonful saleratus, and one -pint boiling water; when cold, add two teaspoonsful essence peppermint; -a tablespoonful to be taken every hour. - - -SPRAINS, BRUISES, &c.--One pint soft soap, handful salt, and -tablespoonful saltpetre; apply with bandage. - - -NEUTRALIZING CORDIAL--Good for dysentery, cholera morbus and diarrhœa. -Take one pound green peppermint, simmer in half gallon water and strain -off; then take four ounces Turkey rhubarb, simmer into half a gallon -water, till all the strength is out; then strain, add these two liquids -together, with two ounces saleratus and three pounds loaf sugar; then -boil all a few minutes, and when nearly cold, add half pint brandy. -Dose, wine glass full. - - -ELDER WINE.--Take sixteen quarts of elder berries, clean from the stem, -put with six gallons cold water in a large tub; let them stand two -days, then boil them till the berries fall to the bottom; strain and -squeeze, and to every gallon liquor add three pounds brown sugar; boil -and add quarter pound bruised ginger, two ounces allspice, and cloves, -if you like; when cold, add a little yeast; let it work two days, then -cork bottle up tight. - - -SWELLINGS.--Dogmacamus is good, scraped, for swellings; steep in milk -and water. - - -ACID COUGH DROPS.--One pound sumach berries, four ounces elecampane, -one ounce West Indian or African cayenne, one gallon vinegar; boil, -strain and add three pounds honey, or double the quantity of molasses. -If you add licorice, wild turnip, skunk cabbage, say two ounces, you -will have a syrup that will cure sore throat, mouth or lungs. Take -a tablespoonful when the cough is troublesome, or every two hours, -gargling it in the throat, if sore. - - -SNUFF.--For headache and catarrh: Take one pound yellow dock, half -pound bayberry, four ounces elecampane, three ounces bloodroot and -three ounces beth-root. Take a pinch occasionally, particularly on -going to bed. - - -VEGETABLE TOOTH POWDER.--Equal parts bayberry bark, yellow oak bark, -black alder bark, pulverized; add half a pound elecampane, quarter -pound prickly ash bark, four ounces cloves. This will cure scurvy, and, -if the teeth are sore and loose, it will cure and make them firm in a -short time. - - -NERVE DROPS.--One pint and half gin, half pint water, two ounces nerve -powder, one ounce hops, pulverized, half ounce skunk cabbage; let this -stand ten days, shaking it often; strain and let it settle. This will -calm and strengthen the nervous system; whereas opium destroys every -energy of the system, and makes it a complete wreck. - - -ANODYNE BATHING SOLUTION.--Two ounces camphor, six fluid drachms -solution ammonia, and one pint essence lavender; mix the lavender with -the ammonia, then put in camphor, and it is ready for use. - - -ULCERS OR BAD SORES.--Boil one pound each vervain, yellow dock and -sage, half pound cicuta leaves, in one gallon water; wet cloths in -this, and let them lay on the sores; then dry and sprinkle with -powdered bloodroot, mornings only. Make a strong tea of vervain, drink -a teacupful three times a day, taking three or four of my bilious pills -at night, for nine nights successively. - - -IROQUOIS UNIVERSAL OINTMENT.--Take one pound tobacco leaves, bruise -and steep twelve hours in one pint red wine; then add half pound fresh -hog’s lard, simmer over a slow fire till the red wine is consumed; -then add four ounces tobacco juice and two ounces rosin; simmer again -till juice is evaporated, then add one ounce wild turnip, and rosin -sufficient to make into an ointment. This is good for sores of every -description, and a wound dressed with this will never putrefy; if you -have pain in your head, anoint your temples; apply to the stomach and -lungs, and no inflammation will settle there; anoint the bowels of -children in case of worms or weakness. This ointment is, as I know, the -best now in use, for sores, burns, ulcers, &c. - - -OLD SORES.--Pumpkin or carrot poultice is good for old sores; if they -smell bad, sprinkle charcoal on the poultice; to prevent putrefaction, -wash it twice a day in saltpeter water. - - -ST. ANTHONY’S FIRE.--Drink lemonade and tar water, warm, and wash in -tar water. - - -ANTI-EMETIC DROPS.--Take a teacup full of good cider vinegar; add a -teaspoonful each of salt and cayenne pepper; give a teaspoonful every -fifteen minutes. I never knew a case where but a half teaspoonful -had not the desired effect. It is good in external application for -rheumatism, bruises, headaches and sprains; for the latter, use hot. - - -SORREL EXTRACT.--If you wish to make sorrel extract, for burns or -sores, gather it before the 20th June, press out the juice and dry on a -pewter plate. This is the best way to make good extract. - - -TO CLEANSE THE BLOOD AND STRENGTHEN THE LIVER.--Wide leaf dock, black -alder bark and buds, burdock roots and leaves, sarsaparilla, striped -maple, and half as much bloodroot;. a handful of each, to which add one -gallon of water. Drink a teacup full three times a day, before eating. - - -FEVERS.--Marigolds are good to put on the stomach, in all cases of -fevers, inflammation, &c. - - -GOITRE, OR ADAM’S APPLE.--Take a teaspoonful nettle seed, pulverized, -morning and noon; at night take a teaspoonful of a mixture of one ounce -cream tartar, one ounce sulphur, and half ounce Turkey rhubarb. This is -good for corpulent people and for spitting blood. - - -TONIC.--Red rose willow is an excellent tonic. - - -CHRONIC RHEUMATISM.--Unicorn root (aletois farinasa), is good with -prickly ash bark; add a small quantity bloodroot; it is necessary in -some cases to add spirits, for flatulency, colic or hysterics. Take a -teaspoonful in warm water. - - -TINCTURE OF SOAP ANODYNE.--Take two ounces hard soap, shaved, one -ounce opium, one ounce camphor, half ounce of rosemary, two pounds -alcohol; let the soap and opium stand three days; shake often, then -add the camphor and oil. This is good for sprains, and pains of all -descriptions. - -But one thing I would remark; that is, where opium is used frequently, -it will debilitate; but from three to five times will not injure, but -will allay pains for the time being. - - -RHEUMATISM.--Take one ounce mandrake, two ounces Epsom salts, put into -one quart metheglin wine--wine glass twice a day; an anodyne at night, -say a cup of strong hop tea; rub the parts affected with the following -ointment: boil skunk cabbage in water, make a strong decoction, then -add hog’s lard, simmer all the water away, and add sulphur. This is an -excellent anti-rheumatic ointment. It must be rubbed near the fire. - - -FOR HUMORS.--Make a very strong decoction of boiled oats, to one pint -of which add one ounce saltpeter; this is good for swellings. For -carbuncles, mix equal parts of bloodroot, beth root and honey; purge -with anti-bilious pills. - - -RHEUMATISM.--Take bark of sumach roots, and cayenne, if it can be -borne by the patient; boil in rum and bathe the parts; take inwardly -a strong decoction of prickly ash bark. I would recommend salt and -vinegar, with cayenne, for bathing, but in most cases it must be hot, -and applied with cloths. - - -INDIAN TURNIP, OR WAKE ROBIN.--For chronic, deep-rooted rheumatism, -pains, debilitated habits, loss of appetite, lowness of spirits, -faintness, &c. Take three pounds fine Indian turnip and three pounds -fine loaf sugar; mix them together in a mortar; there must be equal -parts of each, well mixed. Take a teaspoonful three times a day, half -hour before eating; it must be taken dry, if possible. Begin with half -teaspoonful and increase to whole one. - - -GRAVEL.--Life root is good for the gravel. - - -DROPSY.--Wild lettuce is good for dropsy, ten or twelve grains a day; -use white cohosh as drink, also cuckles seed mixed with juniper berries. - - -GALL, &c.--Low centuary, of all herbs, is one of the best for -overflowing of the gall, and, in my opinion, is good in jaundice and -all bilious complaints, and also in cleansing the blood from humors; it -must be used plentifully and for some weeks. - - -BLOODROOT.--This is good for the rattles; mix with honey and give a -child five years old a teaspoonful. - - -BONE OINTMENT.--Equal parts small kind mullen, red clover tops, burdock -burs, plantain, sweet alder bark, yarrow, black alder buds and tobacco; -simmer down in hog’s lard and fresh butter. This ointment is likewise -good for all kinds of sores. - - -STICKING SALVE.--Equal parts catnip tops, horsemint, sarsaparilla, -striped (some call it soft) maple, spikenard, mouse wood, (this wood or -tree grows bushy, and the wood is tender but the bark is tough; use the -wood and bark,) comfrey, young mullen leaves, Solomon’s seal, yellow -dock, princes pine, wormwood; boil down thick, then add one pound and -four ounces mutton tallow; roll, and it is fit for use; all cuts and -sores, with or without swellings, inflammations and wounds, this will -cure, and no proud flesh will be created. - - -BALSAM OF HONEY.--Take as much balsam of tolu as will dissolve in -alcohol. - - -OIL SOAP.--Take as much Castile soap as will dissolve in alcohol. - - -SALVE FOR SCROFULOUS SORES.--Take turpentine, and half a pound -bayberry, and tallow; dissolve and add sweet oil if necessary. - - -THE BEST SALVE I ever found, in all cases of humors, is composed of raw -linseed oil, beeswax, and mutton tallow, for sore lips, and chapped -hands; if the sore is very bad, sprinkle pulverized bloodroot on it -every morning, then apply salve; a sore need not be washed but once a -day, but dress it three times a day, if bad. - - -OINTMENT PILLS.--Sweet fern, sweet apple-tree, rose leaves, cats foot, -and cream; simmer on a slow fire. The best I ever found was composed -of hog’s dung and lamp oil, simmered; a little beeswax will be good to -keep it firm. - - -HOT DROPS.--To one quart alcohol add one ounce hemlock oil, one ounce -gum myrrh, two tablespoonsful cayenne; shake well twice a day for at -least a week. This is good for rheumatism, pains in head and stomach. -Take from ten drops to a teaspoonful, in sugar and water. - - -TAR SYRUP.--One gill tar, one pint wheat bran, half pound loaf sugar, -and two quarts water. Dose, wine glass full three times per day, for -cough and consumptive complaints. - - -RUPTURE PLASTER.--One part fresh buckthorn, bruised, and two parts -fresh cranes bill; blend by bruising in a mortar; spread on leather and -apply; wear a truss or bandage; this must be occasionally changed and -worn three months. - - -INDIAN TURNIP.--Pulverize it fine, two ounces loaf sugar or sugar -candy, half ounce flour sulphur; mix and let the patient take a -teaspoonful three times a day, dry, if possible, if not, in any vehicle -the most palatable, molasses, &c. Use in all lingering, or beginning -of pains of a consumptive nature, such as pain in the breast, weak -appetite, and slow circulation of the blood; where there is any cough, -whether loose or tight, add half ounce pulverized bloodroot. I can -testify by experience that this is good, not only for the young, but -particularly for the aged, it is better than all the tinctures in -the world, as it creates action and warms the blood. Either of the -ingredients can be omitted, if disagreeable. - - -FOR CONSUMPTIVE PERSONS.--Two ounces aven root, half ounce wild turnip, -one skunk cabbage ball, masterwort and ginseng, half ounce each, and -one ounce sugar candy; mix one tablespoonful, and boil in one quart -water; add one pint new milk; two teacupsful of this chocolate to be -taken night and morning; bathe with cold or tepid water every morning, -if the patient can bear it; walking is the best exercise. - - -CANCERS.--A cancer under the eye was cured by the patient drinking -one quart of tar water daily, and apply a plaster and mutton tallow, -melted together; this cured a cancer of twenty years standing, in two -months; mix black pepper, burnt alum, and honey, equal parts, and use -as an ointment; the last I would not recommend to be used but a few -times--rather use bloodroot, daily. - - -DYSENTERY, OR RELAX IN CHILDREN.--Take equal parts good vinegar and -hens’ eggs, and beat them well together; mix in wheat flour, stiff -as common dough; bake this moderately, then pulverize; give one -teaspoonful of the powder three times a day; mix with the above powder, -hens’ gizzards, pulverized. - - -BATHING WITH OX GALL.--In gout or pains, heat a shovel, mix a little -vinegar and pour on; bathe the parts affected with the steam. In all -pains, never use any local application, without taking some warming -medicine internally, if but a little red pepper; it is not essential -to give alcohol in any form; a little carminative, such as pulverized -mandrakes, or angelica seed, ought always to be on hand. - - -ANTI-BILIOUS POWDERS.--One pound jalap, two pounds Alexandria senna, -one pound peppermint; let these all be pulverized, then mix, after -sifting fine; for a grown person, a teaspoonful in a cup full of -boiling water; then cool, sweeten it and drink; no harm if two -teaspoonsful are taken. I would advise the patient to take three -anti-bilious pills the night previous. This medicine can be taken at -all times. - - -TO PROMOTE THE GROWTH OF THE HAIR.--Mix equal parts olive oil, spirits -rosemary, and bloodroot. - - -WEAKNESS.--Acorns are good for weaknesses; make into coffee. - - -ANTI-SCROFULOUS PLASTER.--One gill tar, two yolks eggs roasted inside, -and one puff ball; simmer over a slow fire, spread on thin leather, and -apply. - - -ULCER ON THE LEG.--Wash the ulcer twice a day, night and morning, with -one pint of weak lime water, and apply a poultice over the sore, twice -a day, made of blood root and beth root, finely pulverized and mixed -with honey; in case the leg is swelled, apply a poultice of slippery -elm bark, every night. - -Give a wine glass full of my cleansing syrup, morning, noon and at bed -time, and drink, as a common beverage, the following: take a handful -each of cherry bark and princes pine, put them into two quarts boiling -water, and let it steep well; then strain. Abstain from spirituous -liquors and salt meats. - - -CANCER.--Take the powder of dry yellow dock root, wet with port wine -and put it on the cancer, renewing it three times a day; make your -daily drink a decoction of one handful of yellow dock root, bruised, -and a handful of the bark or buds of black alder, boiled in four quarts -of rain water to the consumption of two quarts. - - -PROLAPSUS UTERI.--Take one ounce each of white oak bark, beth root, -crowfoot roots, and rose leaves; boil the whole in four quarts of -water, down to two; strain the decoction, to which add a pint of port -wine, and two ounces of powdered alum, while it is warm. The patient -must first take a dose of castor oil, and, after its operation, must -foment the part four or five times a day, with a flannel dipped in the -decoction as warm as it can be held in the hand. In order to prevent a -relapse, the patient must wet the parts twice a day with warm water, in -which a spoonful of salt has been dissolved, and keep the bowels open -by a dose of castor oil once a week, using salt water bath twice a week. - - -RUPTURE OF THE TESTICLES.--Three years ago, a Canadian, who had been -laboring under a large swelling of the testicles, and been given up as -incurable, made application to me. The surgeons had held consultation -over him, and agreed that he must be castrated, but he would not -comply. Upon examination, I found it to be a sarcocele, or fleshy -tumor of the testicles, and therefore resolved to attempt the cure by -discutients. I first cleansed and purified the blood from humors and -mercury, and applied the following cataplasm, or poultice, over the -scrotum: take every-night two handsful of goose-grass, or cleavers, in -two quarts of cider vinegar; foment the swelling with flannel wet in -the vinegar, for the space of fifteen minutes, then bind the leaves -over the tumor. Anoint it frequently, every day, with the following -ointment: take the scrapings of a powder horn, and the inner bark of -rose willow, pound it fine, and wet it well with brandy; apply through -the day. - - -HIVES IN CHILDREN.--Dissolve twenty grains of bitter root in six -teaspoonsful of warm water, and give the child, according to age--from -six months to a year old, one to two teaspoonsful of the infusion; if -it does not operate in fifteen minutes, give the child a little warm -camomile tea, in order to cleanse the stomach; after the operation, -give it, according to age, a little poppies of syrup, in catnip tea. -Give the child, until well, the following: take one ounce of dragon’s -claw root, ten grains of bitter root, and a quarter of an ounce of -mandrake root; pour on all these one quart of boiling water, and -let them steep four hours; stir frequently, then strain; give from -a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful every four hours, until well; give -always according to age. - - -SYRUP FOR WORMS.--Take six ounces of fresh bark of black alder, eight -ounces of dry buck-horn plantain, and three ounces of unicorn root; -boil the ingredients in four quarts of water, down to two; strain the -decoction, to which add two quarts of molasses, and boil it away to -the consistency of syrup. Children from two to four years of age, may -take from three to four teaspoonsful of the syrup, morning and evening, -for three days before both the full and change of the moon, which will -carry away the worms, and stop the fever. Adults may take a wine glass -full, morning and evening, for three days respectively, before both the -full and change of the moon. - - -TO CREATE AN APPETITE.--Dissolve two tablespoonsful of bay salt in -half pint of warm rain water, and add one ounce of rectified spirits -of salts. Dose--a teaspoonful, in a wine glass of cold water, before -breakfast and dinner. This will excite the appetite, without vomiting, -and increase the urinary discharge. - - -TO CLEANSE THE BLOOD FROM MERCURY.--Put four ounces, of the powdered -root of may apple into one gallon of metheglin; dissolve four ounces of -Epsom salts in a quart of the liquor, made warm, and mix all together; -shake the vessel frequently, and let it stand for a week. The patient -may take a wine glass full of the above liquor, once or twice a day, -according to its effects. - -Take the leaves and roots of skunk cabbage, of each eight ounces, -bruise in a mortar, and boil them in two pounds of hog’s lard, for four -hours; then press it through a hair sieve or canvas, and mix in it one -ounce of pulverized roll brimstone. The parts affected must be rubbed -with this ointment, before the fire, for ten minutes every night and -morning, and covered with flannel, using the warm bath twice a week, in -the spring of the year. After all the pains are removed, the patient -may use tonic medicines, such as fine Columbia root, and ten grains -of the rust of iron, three times a day. Use the salt water bath twice -a week, in the months of June and July, and have moderate exercise on -horse-back, in order to brace the solids. - - -OINTMENT.--Take pitch pine knots, and saw them into dust; then boil the -dust in water; when well boiled, skim off the turpentine, and strain -the water; then put in equal parts of rue, saffron, sage and camomile; -boil the strength out, strain the liquid, and put in fresh butter. - - -BLACK JAUNDICE.--Take a handful of the leaves of artichoke, bruise, put -them in an earthen pot, and pour three pints of good ale on them; set -the pot near the fire, for two days; strain the liquor, to which add a -quart of Tenerife wine. The patient, if costive, must take a wine glass -of this syrup every morning, for nine mornings, first taking a dose of -anti-bilious pills. - - -SEVEN YEARS’ ITCH.--Take four ounces each of white hellebore and yellow -sharp pointed dock root, and two ounces of elecampane root; bruise them -in a mortar, and boil them in four quarts of water, down to two; strain -the decoction, and while warm, dissolve one ounce of cura sal-amoniac -in the wash; wet the parts with a linen rag, dipped in the lotion, -every night at bed time, and take a teaspoonful of cream of tartar and -flour of sulphur, in molasses, twice a day for three days, by which -time the itch will be cured. This is a more cleanly method than using -greasy ointments, and is an infallible and safe cure. Put on clean -linen and sheets the fourth night, to prevent a relapse. - - -CORNS ON FEET.--To keep the feet in proper condition, they should be -frequently soaked and well washed; at these times, the nails of the -toes should be pared, and prevented from growing into the flesh. Corns -are the most troublesome evils connected with the feet; they are of -two kinds, soft and hard. The soft corns are those which grow between -the toes; they may be easily removed by applying ivy leaf, steeped -in vinegar; if the corn be very painful, change the ivy leaves every -morning; the leaf may be steeped for one or two days before using. - - -PLEURISY.--Drink freely of soot tea, half a pint of hot tar water every -hour, or a strong tea of nettles, and the leaves pounded and applied as -a poultice, every day; at night, apply the white of an egg, mixed with -sulphur. - - -WEAKNESS.--Half pound spikenard root, half pound Solomon’s seal, -quarter pound tamarac bark, and quarter pound lungwort; boil in one -gallon rain water ten minutes, then let them steep six hours; strain, -and add half pound loaf sugar and half pint best Holland gin. Take a -wine glass full three times a day. - - -LOSS OF APPETITE AND DEBILITY.--Take one pint of white pine bark, -tamarac bark, and spikenard root, and one ounce spruce gum; boil all -together in three quarts and a half rain water, fifteen minutes, then -strain and add half pint molasses; boil six minutes, then let it cool. -Drink half a teacup full morning and evening; if there is no heat, add -half pint best brandy. - - -SMALL POX.--Make a warm tea of saffron and catnip, and give the -patient; immerse the feet in weak ley, and wash the body or surface -three times a day. - -Give also the follow ing: take one ounce mandrake, ten grains bitter -root, four grains blood root, ten grains sassafras bark, and half ounce -Turkey rhubarb; put all into one quart boiling water, and let them -steep four hours; stir frequently, then strain. Give a child one year -old, a teaspoonful four or five times a day--to others, according to -age and constitution. - -Bathe the head with tepid vinegar and water; if the throat is sore, -gargle with sage and hyssop, sweetened with honey; when excessive -restlessness prevents the rising and filling of the pox, give a -teaspoonful of the syrup of poppies, in a little catnip tea, every five -or six hours; and if purple spots appear among the pox, give yeast -inwardly, and apply strong poultices to the feet. - - -COUGH OR WHOOPING COUGH.--Take one ounce each colt foot, St. John’s -wort, spikenard, elecampane root, and mullen leaves; let them boil -half an hour slowly, then add half an ounce Indian physic, or American -ipecacuanha, pulverized; stir often, and steep for four hours; then -squeeze, strain, and add one pint of pure honey. Give as often as -required, from a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful. It will loosen the -phlegm and heal the lungs, is very sudorific, and good for all coughs -or colds. - - -INJECTIONS.--Take weak thoroughwort tea, one pint milk, half pint -molasses, and half a wine glass full oil--olive oil is generally used, -but hen’s oil is equally as good; for a child, use less. This is -excellent in fevers, inflammations, &c. - - -ASTHMA.--Ether, tincture of castor, and opium, equal parts; mix all -together, and take a teaspoonful when the symptoms appear, as often as -required. - -PLEURISY.--Drink freely of wind root (otherwise called lung root or -pleurisy root), and make a syrup of the following: take one ounce each -wild cherry bark, white ash bark, poplar bark and red ozier bark, and -half ounce each culver root, sassafras bark and mandrake root; put -all in three quarts warm water, boil ten minutes, then steep three -hours; strain, and bottle. Drink a wine glass full mornings, and half a -teacupful at bed time. - - -SPITTING BLOOD.--Take four ounces fresh comfrey root, the same quantity -fresh burdock root, two ounces red willow bark, one ounce parsley, and -two ounces yarrow tops; boil these ingredients in four quarts water and -one quart new milk, to the consumption of three quarts; strain it, and -take one gill of this decoction, well sweetened with loaf sugar, three -times a day. - -It is also beneficial in curing the fluor albus, or whites, in weakly -females. The root of comfrey is good for all fluxes, and a bad smell in -urine. Take four ounces comfrey, and one ounce tormentil root, boil -them in two quarts and a half water, ten minutes; then strain, and add -a gill of best brandy and half pound loaf sugar. A gill or a common -teacup full may be taken by an adult, night and morning, or as often as -necessary; a child may take a tablespoonful, as often as required. - - -SALT RHEUM.--Take a large handful plain or white clover, red clover, -and common plantain; put them in two quarts of urine and one quart of -beef brine, for six hours--let them be only warm, not hot; then squeeze -them well, strain and put up for use. Wash the parts affected night -and day, with a clean linen rag; drink freely of fishes mouth, or what -is called balmony, and take, twice a week, one teaspoonful of powdered -mandrake root, at bed time. - - -EPILEPTIC FITS, OR HYSTERICAL AFFECTIONS.--Take ladies’ smock, dry the -leaves, and keep them in a bottle; when wanted, take a teaspoonful -of the leaves, and steep in a half teacup boiling water. Give, when -required, as often as necessary. - - -AFTER PAINS IN CHILD BIRTH.--To relieve them, take a tablespoonful of -Epsom salts, and put it in half a pint hot water; take half of it, and -in the course of two hours take the remainder, if the patient is very -costive, if not, take less; then take a teaspoonful of devil’s bit -(otherwise called blazing star root), in a little weak tanzy tea; if -faint, put in it some gin or brandy. You can administer this dose every -three hours, if required. It seldom fails of giving instant relief and -is an excellent gargle for a sore mouth, sore throat, or scrofula. - - -PREGNANT LADIES.--Take one quart of butternuts, when green and so soft -that you can run a needle into them, one ounce ginger root, and three -pints molasses; boil them at least half an hour, slowly. Take one three -times a week, and drink frequently of slippery elm bark, steeped in -water. If this is unpleasant, put in a few sumach berries, a little -black birch bark, or a small quantity of tanzy, merely to give a flavor. - - -TO REMOVE A FILM ON THE EYE.--Take equal quantities fresh celendine and -ground ivy juice, and set it on warm ashes, in a tin vessel, for an -hour; strain the sediment from the clear juice; take a gill of this, -and put in half a teaspoonful of best loaf sugar; bottle it, and wet -the spot several times a day. - - -ANOTHER.--Take the gall of an eel, and drop a little in the eye three -times a week; then put in one drop of olive oil, to heal the eye. It -has cured, when all other remedies had failed. - - -WILD CUCUMBER.--This is a forest tree, similar to the poplar; you will -often find them from seventy to eighty feet high. There are other -species of the cucumber which are evergreen, but the leaves of this are -deciduous, oval, acuminate, and pubescent beneath. It produces a fruit -bearing some resemblance, while green, to a small cucumber; in August, -the fruit turns to a deep red color, and opens; the seeds are red, and -the size of a kernel of corn; they have a bitter taste, and are quite -pungent. - -I have used them extensively, and consider them very valuable in -certain forms of diseases, especially where there is a phlegmatic -temperament, or a general relaxed state of the system. In dropsical -affections, I have found the cucumber to be a superior remedy. The bark -of the trunk and root, is also very valuable; it is somewhat similar -to the poplar, yet it is more diuretic and stimulating; it is good -in dyspepsia, or where we want a remedy to increase the tone of the -stomach. I have known and cured many cases of anasarca, and yellow -fever. - -Make a tincture of the seeds or bark, and take half a wine glass full -mornings, before dinner, and at bed time. This will cure the chronic -rheumatism. I can safely say it is a very valuable medicine in all -families, as it possesses tonic, stimulant, and diuretic properties. - - -FOR DROPSICAL PATIENTS--a teaspoonful of the powdered bark or seeds, -mixed with honey, and taken mornings and at bed time, will produce a -cure. Drink plentifully of dwarf elder bark tea, as a common beverage. - - -FAMILY PILLS.--Take four ounces black root, and half an ounce each -cayenne and mandrake root, pulverized; make an extract of these -together by moderate warmth, straining during the time of preparing, -and bring the substance to the consistency of tar; then add equal parts -of pulverized gum gamboge, and natural extract of lobelia--one tenth as -much as there is of the above compound extract. Previous to making into -pills, work into the mass seven drops of oil of spearmint; then form -your pills with magnesia, to the size of a pea. Take from one to four -or five, night and morning. It would be well to take them nine days in -succession, beginning with less, and increasing if necessary. They can -be relied on, and are excellent to take in the spring and autumn. - - -ST. ANTHONY’S FIRE, OR CANKER SORE THROAT.--Take eight ounces of beech -drops, put them into four quarts cold water, boil down to two quarts -and sweeten with loaf sugar; after proper evacuations, patients subject -to the rose or erysipelas, may take a teacup full of this, four times -a day; apply clean linen rags, wet with the decoction not sweetened, -over the inflamed parts, until perfectly well. Do not take the above -when your courses are flowing, or when you expect them. The above is -an excellent wash for children that are chafed, either in the neck or -groins; wash the parts affected as often as necessary, using a clean -cloth; the cleaner the cloth you wash any sore with, the sooner it -will heal; never use the same cloth on any sore twice; it ought to be -instantly washed in clean water, before using the second time. - - -CARBUNCLES.--Take equal parts beth root and blood root, powdered fine -and mixed with honey; bind it over the carbuncle, and renew it every -two hours. Make a purge of the following: take a handful each of -thoroughwort, tanzy, and tamarack bark, one ounce culver root, half -ounce mandrake, ten grains sassafras bark, and half ounce angelica -seed; put all together in three quarts cold water; boil seven minutes, -and keep hot nine hours. Take from half a wine glass full to a whole -one, three times a day. Drink, as a common beverage, a strong tea of -princes pine, or red ozier. - - -EMETIC.--Take a large handful leaves and blows of thoroughwort, (called -by some boneset,) put them into one quart boiling water, and let them -stand near the fire three hours; then stir, and strain off. Give the -patient one gill, as hot as it can be drank, and if it does not operate -in half an hour, give another, or half the quantity; drink every -morning, a wine glass of the remainder cold, as it is a tonic in all -cases of general debility. - - -DEAFNESS.--Take a beaver’s tail, roast it, squeeze out the oil and -apply on cotton. Or, roast a turnip in ashes, squeeze out the juice, -and put four drops, twice a week, into the ear. Take cleansing syrup -daily. - -CATHARTIC FOR FEVERS.--Take half ounce American ipecacuanha, three -ounces culver root, three ounces snake root, sliced and bruised, and -one quart good old rum; keep them in a covered earthen vessel by the -fire, for five days, and then strain the tincture for use. Dose--a -tablespoonful twice a day. - -As a diaphoretic, in low stages of fever, and in confluent small pox, -when sores appear gangrene, and the powers of life seem sunk, take the -following mixture: four drachms of bruised snake root, one pint boiling -water, two drachms tincture snake root, four drachms syrup of ginger. -Dose--two tablespoonsful, to be taken every three hours, in the above -complaint. - - -LUMBAGO.--Take one pound of fresh brake root, or female fern, one ounce -sumach root, cut fine, half ounce culver root, half ounce mandrake -root, and half ounce angelica seed; boil them in two quarts whiskey, -until they become slimy; then dip cloths in and bind on. Take a -tablespoonful nights, inwardly, and half a wine glass full mornings. -Repeat the application on the spine, very frequently. - - -RICKETS IN CHILDREN.--Take one ounce of brake root, or female fern, cut -fine, and pour one quart of boiling water on it; sweeten it, and give -the child a teacup full four times a day; if the child is too young -to take this dose, give less, according to age. At the same time, use -the decoction in rum, for bathing the spine and limbs of the child; it -would be well to bathe the child in a spring, every morning in summer. - - -SCROFULOUS SWELLINGS.--Take the inner bark of bayberry bush, pound it -soft, and apply it over the swellings and sores, nights and mornings. -Drink a strong tea made of bayberry leaves--a teacup full four times a -day. - - -WIND, OR CHOLIC.--Take one ounce of bayberry berries, bruise them well, -and half ounce masterwort seed, well pulverized or bruised; infuse them -in three pints of best cogniac brandy for a week, and shake the bottle -frequently. Take a half wine glass full in the same quantity warm -water, twice a day, on an empty stomach; if necessary, take it three -times a day. - - -INDIAN REMEDY FOR FEVERS.--I find the Indians more incident to fevers, -than any other disease, and they rarely fail to cure themselves, by -sweating, and then plunging themselves into cold water, which, they -say, is the only way not to catch cold. I once saw an instance of this -kind. Being in search of a particular root, at the Lake of the Two -Mountains, about thirty miles from Montreal, I called on an Indian -chief, and found him ill of a fever; his head and limbs were apparently -much affected with pain; his wife was preparing a bagnio, or bath, for -him. The bagnio resembled a large oven, into which he crept by a door; -on the side opposite the door was a hole, in which she put hot stones. -She fastened the hole up as closely as possible, to prevent the least -air entering therein. While he was sweating in his bagnio, his wife -was preparing his road to the lake. This was in August, 1835--a very -cold season; in less than half an hour, he was in so great a sweat -that when he came out, he was as wet as if he had come out of a river, -and the steam from his body was so thick, that it was hard to discern -his form or face, although I stood near him. In this condition, naked, -a body cloth only excepted, he ran to the river, about thirty paces -distant, ducked himself two or three times, and returned, passing -through his bagnio, to mitigate the severe shock of the cold, to his -own house, perhaps twenty paces further, and, wrapping himself in his -woolen mantle, lay down at full length near a long, but gentle fire in -the middle of his wigwam--turning himself several times, till dry; he -then arose, and began getting dinner ready for us, seeming to be as -easy and as well as either of us. - -The squaws wash their new-born babes in cold water, as soon as they -are delivered, often repeating the same healthy operation. I have -recommended cold water to a number of weak females, during pregnancy, -and they have borne up with a vigor scarcely less wonderful than that -of the Indian woman. - - -HARDIHOOD OF INDIAN WOMEN.--The great power of endurance which the -Indian woman of the forest, uncontaminated by the blighting influence -which civilization often introduces among them, many have noticed. -Every one has read the account of their remarkable health, during -pregnancy and child-birth. Washington Irving, in his “Astoria,” in -giving an account of a journey, through the dreary deserts lying -between the Snake and Columbia Rivers, says: - -“And here we cannot but notice the wonderful patience, perseverance, -and hardihood of the Indian woman, as exemplified in the conduct of the -poor squaw of the interpreter. She was now far advanced in pregnancy, -and had two children to take care of--one four, and the other two years -of age. The latter, of course, she frequently had to carry on her back, -in addition to the burdens usually imposed upon the squaw; yet she had -borne all her hardships without a murmur, and throughout this weary and -painful journey, had kept pace with the best pedestrians. Indeed, on -various occasions, in the course of this enterprise, she displayed a -force of character that won the respect and applause of the white man.” - - - - -PHYSIOLOGY. - -TO MY BELOVED SEX:— - -SEEING so many of you daily imposed upon by those who -profess to be acquainted with prolapsus uteri, or falling of the womb, -and knowing that two-thirds of the married ladies are very ignorant, -as regards the structure of their own bodies, and therefore the more -easily imposed upon, I will endeavor to give a full description and -explanation of the living animal, which we call physiology. It is a -beautiful study, and we read of King David’s admiration, after viewing -the structure of his own body; he exclaims in rapture, “I am fearfully -and wonderfully made!” I am sorry this important study is excluded from -our schools. The reader may ask--what are the component parts of the -living animal, the heart, brain, eyes, ears, muscles, bones, and the -many other parts--how do they act, and what are their uses? - - -FORMATION OF THE CHEST. - -The chest is formed by the back bone behind, the breast bone in front, -and the ribs, which go from the back bone to the breast bone. Seven of -the ribs are long, and five short; the five lower are the short ribs, -and they are united to the breast bone by an elastic cartilage; by this -construction, the chest is made flexible. - -Now that I have explained the formation of the lungs, we will look in -and see what it contains--the lungs and heart. - -The lungs are wedge-shaped--the small ends being up under the collar -bone, while the base, or larger part, is at the bottom, turned down -heavily in the midriff. The lungs are attached to the wind-pipe, and -larger air vessels and blood vessels, these likewise being connected -to the back bone with cartilages. The lungs float downward into the -midriff, and against the ribs or the side of the chest, every time -the air is drawn into the chest. They are divided into two parts, on -each side of the chest, something like a sponge, full of cells; the -most correct resemblance of these cells, or vacancies, would be, in -my opinion, a thick branch of some shrub, very full of the minutest -berries you can conceive of, and without leaves; you must imagine the -shrub as hollow, through all its branches and twigs, until quite into -the cells; then cut the extremity of all the twigs, until you bring it -to a wedge shape, and weave something like a spider web, to cover the -cells, so that nothing but the air or blood can pass through, to be -renewed. - -The heart is in front, between the two tubes of the lungs. It is -likewise wedge-shaped, the base, or larger end being up, while the -small end points downward, slanting into the left chest; it occupies -one-third more room in the left chest than in the right, measuring from -the centre of the breast bone, under which the heart is placed, towards -the middle of the breast bone. - -This important organ is little known, and I wish to explain its offices -and revolutions, in a comprehensive manner, that all may understand it. - -We have three different kinds of blood vessels; the largest vein -is called vena cavæ; the smaller veins are called capillaries and -arteries; every time you prick yourself, you open a capillary vein. -On the right side is the vena cavæ, one part descending and the other -ascending, but both meeting on the right side; this brings all the -contaminated blood from all parts of the body; from thence it empties -into the right ventricle, then to the right auricle, pushes on to the -pulmonary artery, through the lungs, to be purified, returns with -velocity to the left auricle, and then to the left ventricle. There are -thousands and tens of thousands little arteries, that carry the blood -to all parts of the body. - -I will quote a report from Dr. Edwards. He had been speaking of the -wonderful distribution of the blood, in the little arteries, when he -added: - -“Along on the lines of these little tubes or canals, (the arteries,) -through which the blood with all its treasures flows, God has provided -a vast multitude of little organs, or waiters, whose office is each one -to take out of the blood, as it comes along, that kind and quantity -of nourishment which it needs, for its own support, and also for the -support of that part of the body which is committed particularly to its -care. And, although exceedingly minute and delicate, they are endowed -by their Creator with the wonderful power of doing this, and also of -abstaining from, or of expelling and throwing back into the common -mass, what is unsuitable, or what they do not want, to be carried to -some other place where it may be needed; or, if it is not needed -anywhere, and is good for nothing, to be thrown out of the body as a -nuisance. - -“Now let us follow these little organs, as they fly upward, to carry -support to the hair, to make it grow. But, as they proceed upward, the -ears will want serum--the eyes will want something for the eye-balls, -and the organs about the eye will take that and work it up into the -eyes, and cause them to grow; then proceed on to your joints, and along -the bones, muscles and nerves; the joints want strength--it is a fluid -called synovia, in physiology; then proceed to your finger nails.” - -So you see the whole system is supported by the blood; all these -vessels or supports go to every organ in the body, and are called -secretions; if these secretions are obstructed by disease, they cannot -perform their regular routine, or office, and the parts will gradually -become infirm. The blood carries little atoms, or particles, to make -all parts of the body grow, and which, you may perceive, are necessary -to replace the atoms which are worn off by friction, in our motion, as -there is a constant waste in every part of the body, or system. - -Now let me return to the heart. It is not larger than a man’s fist, and -is strong and muscular. It is, as I said before, situated slanting, or -obliquely; both sides of the heart fill in the same instant, and then -contract, shrink, and compresses, with as much force as a strong man -could press it with his hand. Such is the admirable circulation of the -blood, that this revolution goes regular, one hundred thousand times in -twenty-four hours. - -How can we but admire the creation of such a beautiful machine! Then -consider how much resistance this poor heart has to overcome, in -sending blood to all parts of the body, and the many obstructions in -its way, which causes it to stop its motion, or it will quiver and -throb, according as it is repulsed by those obstructions. How many -there are who say, “My heart is diseased--the physician says so.” -Now, my friends, not in one case of ten is the heart diseased; but -it is obstructed in its revolutions, by not being able to send the -blood through these little vessels, to all parts of the body; they are -crooked, and the least impediment must necessarily cause agitation, or -stop this great propeller. - -There is a strong partition between the right and left sides of the -heart, so that the right auricle and right ventricle, with their blood, -brought back from the veins, can have nothing to do with the blood in -the left auricle and left ventricle; it is, indeed, as if there were -two hearts, placed side by side, and pressed closely together. We know -not how the heart is kept in motion, nor can the wisest anatomist -or physiologist in the world tell us; we know that the lungs have -something to do in the case, and, when once set a-going, we can form -some idea of what keeps it in motion--but, after all, the real causes -of the continued movement of either the heart or lungs, has ever been a -great mystery, and may possibly always remain so. - -Our bones, nerves, and muscles receive life and nourishment from the -blood; then how necessary it should be pure and clean. As the blood -is made from our food, we should be careful as to the quality and -quantity, eating only what is conducive to health, which surely will -promote happiness. Strong spices, hot bread, rich pies and cakes, salt -pork and beef, are injurious eating at all hours of the day, especially -at bed time, and is contrary to the laws of nature. Some may laugh, -and say, “Why, I eat half a mince pie, and half a dozen pickles, every -night, and yet I am well.” You may tantalize your digestive organs for -a while, but remember, your gratifying your unnatural appetite, will be -repaid by years of pain and distress. Be rational beings; eat to live, -and not live to eat. - -Mothers, as a general thing, feed their children too often; even if -you nourish your child with the breast, it should be regular--not -twenty times a day, and all night. This is very wrong; you bring your -little ones up gluttons, and, as soon as they are weaned, they will be -continually crying for something to eat--never satisfied. Always be -regular in eating your own meals, and giving the same to your children, -if you wish them to be healthy; as a general rule, give them food -according to your own judgment--not too much. I think many a poor child -has been murdered, by an over fond mother giving it all it wanted, and -not using that judgment which was required, because the child cried. O! -mothers, be firm, wise, and prudent, in raising those tender plants; -remember, if the digestive organs are too weak, the child will fall -into fits. Let a child eat mashed potatoes; all vegetables are better, -and give more nourishment, than cakes and pies; a little lean meat, is -healthy for a child. In our food, we all want a change; but let all be -well cooked, well baked, and plainly seasoned. - -Now let me go back, and say a little in regard to the nerves and bones. -The nerves derive their support from the blood, but not entirely, for -the nerves may be weakened by other causes; still they depend on the -blood, in a measure, for support. For instance, a lady may fall and -break her back bone, or spine; now this is the seat of the nerves; -they all branch out from the spine, and, of course, all the nerves -are affected; perhaps the pain would be most severe at the extremity -of the nerves. Many able and eminent physicians have been baffled, in -procuring ease to their patients, as there was no pain where the parts -were injured, but at the extremity of the nerves. - -The digestive organs depend entirely upon the nerves for support; -therefore, never irritate the spine by blistering, as it injures -every nerve. Everything that is applied to the spine--plasters, -bathing, or drops, should be of a cooling nature, and at the same time -strengthening, and never irritating, as it only makes you worse; I -never saw any good effect derived from it. If you want to irritate, -draw from the spine, by putting blisters on the thighs or legs, not to -the spine or head; let your motive be, in all cases, to draw downward. - -How do the joints derive support from the blood? It is the secretion -we call in physiology, synovia. It serves the same purpose as the -grease which men use for wheels, to prevent their making a noise; so, -when this secretion is obstructed, or the circulation irregular, the -ligaments and muscles find no support, and consequently they become -stiff and inactive; call it rheumatism, if you like, or weak joints. -Sometimes the bones become crooked and deformed, which is often caused -by mercury, or by scrofula, which creates heat, and absorbs all the -nourishment from them. Sometimes the muscles become stiff; in all such -cases, cleanse the blood, and rub in hemlock tincture; you will find, -in this book, very good bathing drops. - - -THE DIAPHRAGM. - -Now that I have explained the circulation of the blood, and showed you -the contents of the chest, I will proceed to the midriff. The contents -of the chest are separated from the abdomen, by a floating curtain, -called the midriff, or diaphragm. The midriff is the floor of the -lungs; the right and left portions are loose, and float upward into the -chest every time we breathe out the air in the chest; on breathing, or -drawing in the air, the midriff of a person in health, forms a floor -to the lungs and heart, and it descends until it is drawn tight, flat -and stiff, across the body. The arrangement of the midriff is such, as -always to form a strong support to the heart and lungs, as it floats -below the lungs, every time we empty the air out from the chest. - -The midriff is united, or fastened to the back bone, breast bone, and -the middle of the ribs; therefore, we say the right and left portions -float upward into the chest. How often is this part strained, and then -called consumption! I allow there may be a cough, and tightness across -the chest; but the real cause is, the lungs have lost their support, -and consequently they wither and decay, unless you can strengthen the -floor or support, that is, the ligaments; the symptoms are, you are -unable to draw a long breath; if you go up stairs, your breath becomes -short. - -How many of you have had relations or some female friend, whom you -considered near dying of consumption, but fortunately became pregnant; -and she, to your astonishment, enjoyed better health than for years -previous. But how could it be so? Why, this is the cause: as soon as -the fœtus rose from the vagina, it supported the midriff, and pushed -up the floor of the lungs, and the poor patient found instant relief; -she could breathe freely, could walk easily, her cough ceased, and -her sleep was calm. But alas! as soon as parturition takes place, her -symptoms all return, and, as no one understands her case, she must die, -through ignorance. - -Young men very often sprain their midriff, by lifting, or in wrestling, -and frequently die of consumption, when, by a little care and judicious -treatment, they might be saved. In the first place, your lungs hang on -your wind-pipe, air vessels, and blood vessels; now, if so, they want -a support, and the midriff is this support; but if it is gone, do not -be surprised if you decap a blood vessel, and thereby spit blood from -that cause; but be not frightened to death by this, as it will, in many -cases, relieve you and be beneficial in the end. - - -THE GULLET. - -The gullet is the food pipe; it passes through the chest, from the -back part of the mouth, along the back bone; its shape is tolerably -regular, until it passes the contents of the chest; then it opens into -a spacious apartment, called the stomach; it lies across the body, -leaning to the left side; it is more like a bag, than anything I can -describe; it is very close to the diaphragm, and one would suppose the -diaphragm rested on it. The stomach of an adult, will hold from one to -three pints. - - -THE LIVER. - -This is the largest gland in the human body. It lies on the right side, -under the right breast; the gall bladder is attached to the liver, and -there is also a communication with the stomach; the gall bladder is the -size of your thumb, and is called secretion, or bile; if we have too -much, it overflows, and causes jaundice, sick headache, gall-stones, -and many other diseases, which cannot be cured, unless you commence by -cleansing your blood. As the liver is a gland it can be diseased in -various ways; it can be ulcerated, and may contain grubs, or worms. - - -THE ABDOMEN. - -This contains the intestines, and commences from the stomach; that part -the ancients used to call the second stomach, is now termed duodenum; -this turns downward and backward, toward the right side, there it -turns again to the left, and I may say, zig-zags, until it joins the -larger intestines; both ends of the large intestines, are tied to the -back bone, to keep them from floating; the lower end passes through -the basket of the hips, to the end of the back bone, to keep it in -its right place; this forms the back passage, and the end of the back -bone is called the rectum. The bowels move; and if so, how often you -injure yourself by not obeying the calls of nature to evacuate them; -you put it off to some more convenient time; but nature will not be -baffled with impunity--you must suffer for your omission the next day, -or day after; the head is afflicted, and you go to your closet, force -and strain to accomplish what you refused nature at the suitable time; -as the intestines float, will you not cause debility and disease? Yes, -surely you will; then, of course, you have recourse to physic, and this -makes you worse, as the intestines become coated. Now for the results; -as I said before, the large intestines pass through the basket of the -hips; they are straight along the bone, when in a healthy condition, -but by this forcing and straining, they become drawn down, in a -wrinkled condition, and there is no action; thence arises costiveness, -constipation, piles, ulcers, fistulas, and numerous other diseases, -which assail these parts, through neglecting the calls of nature. And -here I would observe, in regard to your children, be watchful; I have -been told by girls from six to twelve years old, how they have been so -costive, that they would have to force themselves to such a degree, -that every object around them appeared black. O! what poor miserable -beings will they be all their lives, through a mother’s neglect. Never -let a young child sit too long on a vessel or chair; it weakens the -intestines, and brings on general debility. I have known many to die in -fits, and to have the relaxation of the fundament, merely by sitting -too long on a stool chair. - - -THE KIDNEYS. - -The kidneys are not in the box of the hips, but above it, in the small -of the back, on each side of the back bone. Their office is to separate -the salt, earth, and surplus water, from the blood; there is a chamber -to each kidney, into which the water is first poured; from each of -these chambers, there is a pipe, or tube, that passes downward to the -bladder; this tube is called, in physiology, the ureter. The kidneys -seem to be a sort of sieve, or filter, with this difference, however: -while a sieve permits only the finest and best part to pass through it, -the kidneys filter out the worse, or coarser parts; these are carried -to the bladder, whence they are conveyed immediately out of the system. -In a natural and healthy state, the proper time when the bowels should -be evacuated, is indicated by nature; should the water be retained, and -the voice of nature disobeyed, the effects are these: as in the bowels, -it will lessen the action of the bladder and kidneys, and what you -retain, does more injury than you can possibly imagine; your kidneys -become coated by retention--thence come gravel, stone, stoppage of the -urine, and various other diseases of the kidneys and bladder. - -Never trifle with nature. What pain and suffering might be averted, if -all would obey the first call of nature! By retention of the urine, -a bad odor arises from the body; what you retain in the bladder, is -emitted from the pores in a measure, and your perspiration is very -offensive. Mothers ought to instruct their children in regard to -this important call of nature. I have found, in my practice, a great -number who habituated themselves to retain the water in the bladder -all day, that is, from morning to bed time; and what miserable looking -objects they were; their countenances were sallow, and the skin dry and -withered, although young in years. - -The kidney may be ulcerated, and contain grubs, as well as the liver, -it being likewise a gland, but much smaller than the liver. You can -injure the kidneys by food, as all water or liquids go immediately to -the kidneys; sweet spices and all acids should be avoided, as they coat -the kidneys, and cause the gravel; the ureter, or pipe which takes the -water to the bladder, finally gets filled and obstructed, so the water -cannot pass thence. - - -BASKET OF THE HIPS. - -The bony walls of the hips are very strong and solid. The only part -that is movable, is the lower end of the back bone, in front; behind -the cross bone is the bladder, next comes the womb, and behind this is -the back passage. - - -THE WOMB AND ITS APPENDAGES. - -The womb is pear-shaped--the large end being uppermost, and the small -end, or mouth, downward, and connected with the neck of the vagina. It -hangs on four crotchets, or hooks, which are the upper ligaments to -support it; it is also supported by muscles, and from the crown of -your head to the ends of your fingers and toes, there are small fibres -connected with it. I would say to all, be careful not to stretch or -reach the arm higher than its natural limits; a child from seven years -old and upwards, to fifteen, may injure these supporters by jumping, -and swinging at the length of their arms; so the squaws of the Iroquois -tribe assure me, and I have seen a large number of the most distressing -cases of this kind. - - -THE OVARIES. - -The ovaries are on each side of the womb, and are a great support to -it; ovaries signify egg vessels, and egg, in physiology, means ovum. -The egg is the beginning of our specie, or animal life; thence the -germ, or seed. The ovaries are two balls, the size of a small egg, -connected with the womb by a pipe, or tube, called the fallopian tube; -this tube, or passage, carries the ovum to the womb. When menstruation -takes place, the ripening and expulsion of the egg is affected by a -real inflammation, similar to what may be seen when you run a nail, or -piece of wood, into your flesh, when there will arise an inflammation -which will cause it to fester, and then it is easily removed from the -flesh; it is this periodical irritation, which causes a sympathetic -inflammation; at the beginning of the month, the inflammation is -slight, but about the time the egg is expelled from the vesicles, the -inflammation reaches its height; in order to give relief, the vessels -pour out an abundance of blood, and frequently mucous, according to -the healthy condition of the ovaries. The ovaries are placed very low -in the groins, advancing into the pelvis. In case of malformation, -the menses never appear, and impregnation is impossible; but I have -known females to become mothers at the age of fifteen, and they -never saw their menses; no doubt, if they had not married, it would -have come about in its own time. But here I would remark, it is -frequently colorless in weak, scrofulous constitutions, and often these -obstructions are in the fallopian tube, and falling of the womb is the -principal cause. The periodical discharge of the blood, I may say, -is often from the uterus, through the vagina, and sometimes from the -vagina alone. Menstruation commences between the ages of fourteen and -eighteen; I have, however, in my practice, found several cases where -they appeared at the age of ten years; but this is not a general rule, -and such cases rarely occur. Usually, the earlier the menses appear, -the sooner they disappear; but, as a general rule, the menses ought not -to depart until at the age of forty-eight or fifty, and I have known -them to continue to fifty-five, and those females were perfectly well. - -As I said before, the mouth of the womb is connected with the vagina, -which signifies a tube, or passage. The vagina is a very thick wall, -capable of dilating and contracting, to a very great extent; its length -is from four, to five, six, and seven inches, and some anatomists have -testified that it is, in some rare cases, even eight inches long; it -is not strait--its curve is in front, next to the bladder, while the -convex part is next to the rectum, or larger bowels. I explain this, -as many are led into error, imagining the womb within an inch of the -entrance. - -Now, my friends, I have given you a plain description of your internal -organs, and I hope you will overlook its deficiencies; I have given my -descriptions as delicately as possible. - - -DISEASE OF THE WOMB. - -I will endeavor to explain to you the diseases of the womb and ovaries. -In the first place, you can injure the womb by miscarriages; but -previous to this, perhaps the ligaments of the womb were weak, and -the cause of the miscarriage might be attributed to that. No female -should stand on the ends of her toes and reach, as it injures the womb; -all tight lacing is injurious; by costiveness, you impair the womb; -lifting, beyond your strength, should be avoided. Child-bearing, or -violent labor in child-birth, retention of the after-birth--all combine -to weaken every muscle and ligament of the womb, and bring on prolapsus -uteri, or falling of the womb. I have known the womb to be caloused, in -several cases; and as to its falling, as we say, it may be felt more on -the rectum and ovaries, and there will, in these cases, be more pain in -the sciatica joints, or hip bone, and it may press more on the lower -part of the bowels; this is generally brought on by costiveness; long -waists have done their work, as well as heavy petticoats; all these -combine to press down the bowels and ligaments of the womb; all fall, -or bear heavily on the ureter and fallopian tube, and bring on many -distressing diseases, as leucorrhœa, or whites. I will here explain the -cause of this running, as many are perfectly ignorant of it; in most -cases, it is the weeping of the ovaries; when it is purely white, we -call it weakness--as a sore or weak eye weeps, so do the ovaries; and -when it changes color, green or yellow, and has a disagreeable smell, -no doubt they are diseased--either ulcers in the ovaries, or womb, and -the distillation is so acrid, that it causes itching and smarting in -the vagina, and the lips of it are swelled. There have been, of late, -several cases in my practice, in which the female has communicated -the same disease to her husband--similar to the clap. But remember, -I have known such cases among the most virtuous, and where there was -not the least taint of any venereal disease in the system; I do not -say but that their blood might be contaminated with humors; I seldom -meet with a person, but has more or less humors to combat with. And how -many have been injured by mercury, which poisons the blood. Girls may -be troubled with the whites, at from three months to fourteen years -of age. The womb can be ulcerated as well as the ovaries, and thence -comes dropsy, cancers, and various other diseases; and by this pressing -down, in fact, two-thirds die of consumption, because all the parts are -pulled down, from the midriff, to the liver, intestines, kidneys, womb, -and ovaries--there is no action--all is in a debilitated state. Now -what can be done? In the first place, put waists on your petticoats; -then obtain a cleansing syrup--you will find a recipe for one in the -foregoing pages; then take a piece of leather, that will cover from the -breasts to the pelvis, a quarter of a yard wide above, but narrower -at the bottom, making a hole in it for the navel; spread it with -strengthening plaster, a recipe for which will be found in this book; -drink the following as a constant beverage: take five roots of sweet -fern, a tablespoonful of dry tanzy, and boil in two quarts of water; -then strain, and drink a tumbler half full twice during the day. - -When the top of the womb falls forward, it infringes on the back part, -and top of the bladder, and every few minutes you have a desire to -evacuate the water; there is a sinking feeling at the stomach, and -pain, or distress, in the bladder. Sometimes the womb will protrude -in, and on the pelvis, and below, into the front passage; if there is -no one near that understands my mode of treatment in this case, do it -yourself; I learned it from a squaw, and have replaced ten thousand or -more. In the first place, wash it well with cold water, and hold wet -cloths to it; then lay on your back, and put it up carefully with your -hand, holding or drawing in your breath; then apply a womb plaster. -Never allow a male or female practitioner to plug your womb; it only -destroys it, and causes ulcers, cancers, and a multitude of other -diseases, in the womb. - - -ABORTION. - -It seems to me, every female of common sense--letting alone -christianity, would shudder at the expression of this word, if they -really knew its definition, or could realize the extent of the crime. -The Boston _Scalpel_ defines the word “abortionism,” to be “the -knowledge and practice of expelling from the womb the ovum, or fœtus, -ere it is matured.” - -In this enlightened century, when the gospel is read and preached in -every tongue, can it be possible that we find women so barbarous, as -to destroy the immortal life which God has given. You may deprive -the precious, unborn babe from coming into this beautiful world, but -its spirit will return to God, who gave it, and arise in judgment -against you. Many females at the present day, exclaim, (and it is a -fashionable saying,) “I could have children, if I choosed, but I will -not be annoyed with them, and my husband dislikes them.” How unlike the -blessed Savior! He took children in his arms, and blessed them. What -were your intentions, in taking upon you the duties of a wife? Surely, -some motive must have prompted your ambition, or you did not take a -realizing sense of its duties, as it was expressly commanded by God -himself. After He had created Eve, He joined Adam and Eve together, and -said, “Go forth and multiply!” He did not say, “gratify your carnal -passions, and destroy the effects;” but He said, “replenish the earth.” -The fruits of the womb are God’s reward, and He has chosen woman to -bring forth at His command. - -No time in the life of woman, can she feel to lift up her heart and -voice, to praise God, with more fervor for his protecting care, and -rejoice in His mercy, than after a safe delivery of a living babe. She -forgets all her suffering, when she clasps the little innocent to her -breast. In ancient times, miscarriage was thought to be a curse on the -female, as it endangers her life, by bringing on hemorrhage, from the -adhesion of the placenta. There is a difference between miscarriage -and abortion: an exclusion of the fœtus six, and sometimes seven weeks -after the cessation of the menses, is termed miscarriage; between -that and six months, an abortion; and between that and nine months, -premature labor. Sometimes the fault lies in some deficiency on the -part of the ovum. Abortion may be caused by the inability of the uterus -to distend itself, beyond a certain limit; and this may be imputed to -dress, nine cases out of ten. - -Woman was designed by God, as I have said before, to bring forth; she -is, by nature, a producer of her race, intended, by God, to feed and -nourish, with her own blood, the fœtus, and bring it into the world, an -image of God himself, and of man. - -Abortion is unnatural; and many lose their lives, directly after it, -and few gain their strength, as it was previous to it. And all those -preventatives, which are in fashion at the present day, to baffle the -will of God, are an abomination in His all-seeing eye, and He will -repay ten fold. - -Kind and beloved woman! preserve thy purity, virtue, and chastity, and -thy days will be many and pleasant upon the earth; and finally, thou -shalt become a chosen angel in Heaven, to sing the praises of God and -the Lamb! - - -MASTURBATION. - -Masturbation, or self-pollution, has brought many to an untimely grave. -It is held to with tenacity, because of the evenescent, fleeting, and -animal pleasure derived therefrom. Mothers, how many of your children -could you save, by timely care, while in their infant state! Teach -them chastity; not to expose their bodies; not to allow the least -exposure to sisters, and never to brothers--it contaminates the mind; -never allow boys and girls to sleep together. Children never forget -what they hear, as many suppose. How often do we find mothers, who -have no respect for their children, frequently using the most obscene -language in their presence, and sowing the seeds of impurity. St. Paul -says, “Being evil yourselves, give good gifts to them that ask.” Your -children depend on every word, look, and action; you can form them as -you will--to virtue, or vice. You can rule the nation! - -Never allow your children to sleep with strangers; however young, -they may learn more of impurity in ten minutes, than you could teach -them virtue in years. The reason why I speak to you of the necessity -of having a watchful eye on your offspring, is that so many young -men and women, whom I have been called to visit, in consumption, -and some in a deranged state, have confessed to me, that they had -contracted an intimacy with a play-mate, who had taught them the act -of self-pollution, and, to their sorrow, had practiced the same for -years, till they had no control of themselves; this brought involuntary -emissions, and thence come leucorrhœa, falling of the womb, and -frequently insanity; the greatest number, as a general rule, end in -consumption. Doctors are too delicate to mention the cause of this -disease, and treat the case, directly opposite to what it should be, -as all the internal organs are debilitated. - -I will relate a very distressing case, which I hope will be a warning -to mothers and daughters: - -A daughter of one of the first families of Springfield, Massachusetts, -a few years ago, was pronounced by all the physicians of that city, to -be in a consumption. I was called on, by a friend of the family, and -requested to visit the young lady, at her special request, immediately. -I lost no time, but went instantly, and what a pitiful object I beheld! -A living skeleton--a fearful picture of self-pollution! I desired all -to quit the apartment, and this poor child confessed her weakness; she -was willing to die, she said, if she could atone for the trouble and -expense she had brought on her parents. Now what was to be done. I well -knew her debility was too great to depend on tonics, and to save her, I -must gain her confidence and love. I left her, and returned soon after, -got her permission to divulge the secret to her mother, and lost no -time, in order to save her from death. She must have her genital organ -cut out; the operation should take place instantly, as involuntary -emissions would soon carry her off, her debility was so great. But -thanks be to God, she is still living, in the far west; but never can -she enjoy the blessings of married life. - - - - -ROOTS AND HERBS. - -HOW TO COLLECT AND PRESERVE THEM. - - -COLLECT such as are sound and perfect, and separate from them such -as are injured or decayed. Those precautions must be taken which are -best fitted for preserving them, and they should, as a general rule, -be defended from the effects of moisture, too great heat, or cold, and -confined air. Vegetable matters should be collected in the countries -where they are indigenous, and those which grow wild in dry soil and -high situations, fully exposed to the air and sun, are, in general, to -be preferred to those which are cultivated, or which grow in moist, -low, shady, or confined places. - -Roots which are annual, should be collected before they shoot out -their stalks, or flowers; biennial roots, in the harvest of the first, -or spring of the second year; perennial roots, either in spring, -before the sap begins to mount, or in harvest, after it has returned. -Those which are worm eaten, except some resinous roots, or which are -decayed, are to be rejected; the others are immediately to be cleaned, -with a brush and cold water, letting them lie in it as short a time -as possible; the fibres and little roots, when not essential, are to -be cut away. Roots which consist principally of fibres, and have but -a small top, may be immediately dried, if they are juicy, and not -aromatic; this may be done by heat, not 100 degrees of Fahrenheit; -but, if aromatic, by simply exposing and turning them frequently in a -current of dry air; if they are thick and strong, they should be split -or cut into slices, and strung upon thread; if covered with a rough -bark, they may be peeled fresh, then dried. Such as lose their virtues -by drying, or are directed to be preserved in a fresh state, are to be -kept buried in dry sand. - -No very general rule can be given for the collection of herbs and -leaves--some of them acquiring activity by age, and others, as the -mucilaginous leaves, from the same cause, losing the properties for -which they are efficient. Aromatics are to be gathered after the flower -buds are formed; annuals, not aromatic, when they are about to flower, -or when in flower; biennials, before they shoot, and perennials, before -they flower, especially if their fibres become woody; they are to be -gathered in dry weather, after the dew is off them, or in the evening, -before it falls, and are to be freed from decayed, withered, or foreign -leaves; they are usually tied in bundles, and hung up in a shady, warm, -and airy place, or spread upon the floor, and frequently turned; if -very juicy, they are laid upon a sieve, and dried by a gentle degree of -artificial warmth, by the stove. - -Sprouts are collected before the buds open, and stalks are gathered in -autumn. - -Barks and woods are collected when the most active part of the -vegetable are concentrated in them, which occurs in spring and in -autumn; spring is preferred for resinous barks, and autumn for others, -which are not resinous, but rather gummy. Barks should be taken from -young trees. Among the resinous woods, the heaviest, which sink in -water, are selected; the alburnum is to be rejected. - -Flowers are collected in dry weather, before noon, but after the dew is -off, either when they are just about to open, or immediately after they -have opened; of some, the petals only are preserved, and the colorless -claws are even cut away; of others, whose calyx is odorous, the whole -flower is kept. Flowers which are too small to be pulled singly, are -dried with part of the stalk, and are called heads, or tops. Flowers -and herbs are to be dried by the gentle heat of a stove, or common -fire, in such quantities at a time, that the process may be finished as -quickly as possible--for by this means their powers are best preserved, -the test of which is the perfect preservation of their natural color; -when they lose their color and smell, they are unfit for use. - -Seeds and fruits, unless when otherwise directed, are to be gathered -when ripe, but before they fell spontaneously. Some pulpy fruits are -freed from their core, and seeds are strung on thread, and dried -artificially; they are, in general, best preserved in their natural -coverings, although some, as the colacynth, are peeled, and others, -as the tamarind, preserved fresh. Many of these are apt to spoil, or -become rancid; and as they are then no longer fit for medical use, no -very large quantity of them should be collected at a time. - -The proper drying of vegetable substances, is of the greatest -importance. It is often directed to be done in the shade, and slowly, -that the volatile and active particles may not be dissipated by too -great heat. But this is an error; for they always lose infinitely more -by slow than by quick drying. When, on account of the color, they -cannot be exposed to the sun, and the warmth of the atmosphere is -insufficient, they should be dried by an artificial warmth, less than -100 degrees of Fahrenheit, and well exposed to a current of air. When -perfectly dry and friable, they have little smell, but after being kept -some time, they attract moisture from the air, and regain their proper -odor. - -The boxes and drawers in which vegetable matters are kept, should -not impart to them any smell or taste; and more certainly to avoid -this, they should be lined with paper. Such as are volatile, of a -delicate texture, or subject to suffer from insects, must be kept in -well-covered glasses. Fruits and oily seeds, which are apt to become -rancid, must be kept in a cool and dry, and by no means in a warm or -moist place. Oily seeds, odorous plants, and those containing volatile -principles, should be collected fresh every year; others, whose -properties are more permanent and not subject to decay, will keep for -several years. Vegetables collected in a moist and rainy season are, in -general, more watery, and apt to spoil; in a dry season, they contain -more oily and resinous particles, and keep much better. - - - - -MISCELLANY. - - -TYPHOID FEVER. - -THIS disease, which has prevailed extensively at the west, is treated -under a variety of names--such as nervous, putrid, gastrionic, brain -fever, &c.; while the people of this vicinity, designate it by the -name of slow fever, which, in my opinion, is about as descriptive of -the disease as any above mentioned. It is most prevalent during the -winter and spring. Patients are variously affected during the first -stages of the disease. Some are taken with a chill, while others are -not conscious of any such sensations, but merely complain of loss of -strength and appetite; others complain of pain in their head and back. -I have seen some take to their beds, and declare that nothing was the -matter with them, and would insist on the correctness of their absurd -opinions for several days. The pulse soon becomes small and frequent, -the skin hot and dry, while insufferable thirst continually torments -the sufferer. Patients frequently manifest a strong propensity to -sing, while laboring under it, yet they seldom complain of pain, though -delirium be constantly present, and the bowels morbidly sensitive to -firm pressure. I have seen patients die without complaining of pain, -and yet, on making post mortem examination, satisfactory evidence was -furnished that inflammation of the brain, the lungs, and the mucuous -membrane of the bowels, were present. These inflammations, therefore, -constitute some of the complications of this disease, while a lack of -sensibility, points to an obtunded condition of the nervous system. -Ordinarily, for four or five days, the disease does not assume an -aggravated appearance, during which time the fever has a remitting -form; but shortly after this, if the patient is not relieved, the -fever becomes continued; and now begin to rise gradually all the worst -symptoms of typhoid fever; the tongue, which at first was white, or -of a yellowish brown color, now becomes black, dry in the centre, -and cracked; the patient soon falls into a deep coma, and delirium -is almost constantly present. Twitching of the muscles of the face, -subsultus-tendinum, and floccillation, are symptoms which generally -attend this disease. - - -BATHING. - -Somebody has said, that God gives shower baths to every thing that -will stay out doors. A very significant hint, this, to human bipeds; -it seems very strange that we are such dull scholars, in this world. -We see the fevered earth parch, and burn, and fail of its fruits, till -the refreshing rain comes down and cures it; and we never once think, -when our blood boils, our flesh burns, and our skin parches with fever, -that the same blessed medicine that is poured out on the earth, will -heal us; or, if men get a little theoretical faith of this kind, they -lose it as soon as they become sick. Early superstition, of all kinds, -generally come upon men with peculiar force, when they are weakened and -confused by illness. - -There is no more invigorating process for preserving health, after the -inhaling of pure air, than the daily use of the cold bath. The bath is -not useful alone because it removes impurities from the skin; but the -fresh, sparkling water, has an absolute life in it, which we receive. -And this is the reason why the bath is so much more useful, when the -water is just drawn from the fountain, than when it is suffered to -stand, and lose its living, or electrical properties. - -The best time to take a bath is in the morning, when we rise. No one -should take a cold bath, as if he were lazily doing an unpleasant duty; -and no one can do it long. Beginners with the bath, should observe -the following directions: Bathe the head and face first; bathe the -rest of the body thoroughly and quickly; then use much friction--first -with a towel, and then with the hand, or a soft brush; this should be -continued until the subject is in a glow. - -Some people think there are so many difficulties in the way of bathing, -that they cannot overcome them, and they believe they must, perforce, -be like the dirty representative to an eastern legislature, who -boasted that he had not bathed for fifteen years! Let us look at these -difficulties, and we shall find that “where there is a will there is a -way.” Anybody, that is anybody, can surely get a bowl of water, and a -sponge, or towel; with these, he can take a thorough washing, and, if -he has any energy, he can rub the body in a glow with a brush, a hand -towel, or the hand. - -There is no preventive of colds equal to this simple process, repeated -every morning. It makes a man feel clean, bright, and respectable. -The use of warm baths, except in particular cases of illness, is -mischievous; they weaken the skin, and expose the person who takes -them, to attacks of colds and influenza. Still, the occasional use of -warm baths for cleaning the skin, is better than to allow the skin -to be dirty. Shower baths are useful in cases where there is high -health, or general inflammation; where there is full reactive power -they are safe, and not otherwise; where they induce a chill, they are -very hurtful. The indiscriminate recommendation of the shower bath, -is always an evidence of very partial knowledge. The sponge bath is -probably more universally beneficial, and is safer than any other bath. - - -HERB TEA. - -Mr. N. had been married but a few weeks, and his bride was a lovely -and accomplished lady. Her health was perfect; she had never known, by -personal experience, what sickness is, and they were looking forward -to the future with the most sanguine expectations of happiness. But -disappointment is written upon all earthly hopes, and Mr. N. was not to -be an exception from the general rule. His wife was suddenly taken with -cholera. The family physician was called in, and did what he could to -arrest the disease. But she continued to grow worse, and a council of -doctors was called, to consult measures for her relief. - -Mrs. N. had requested that a friend of hers, who had long been employed -in nursing and doctoring those who had confidence in her--a lady -of great talent and education in the art of curing with roots and -herbs--to call in and see her. As this lady approached the house, and -saw the carriages of the physicians, she became alarmed for the safety -of her friend; but when she entered the house, the silence and sadness -that reigned in that once happy mansion, sent a chill to her heart. -Soon the doctors came out, one by one, and silently left the house. Mr. -N. did not inquire their opinion of the condition of his wife--he could -read it in their looks. After all had gone but the attending physician, -Mr. N. and the nurse, Mrs. T., entered the room, where the patient -lay, apparently in the last stage of the disease. The doctor rose from -his seat beside the bed; as Mr. N. advanced and inquired, “Is there no -hope?” he could hardly command his voice to tell that afflicted man, -that his wife must die; and his gushing tears spoke his sympathy with -the sufferer. - -Mrs. T. looked for a moment upon the unconscious form of her friend, -then, turning to the doctor, said, - -“Tell me, my dear sir, can you do nothing more for this woman?” - -He shook his head, and then turned away. - -“Then you are willing,” she continued, “I should do what I can to make -her more comfortable while she lives?” - -“Certainly,” said Mr. N. - -“Certainly,” repeated the doctor. “If you can do anything for her -comfort, do it, for she cannot stay with us long.” - -As he said this, he left the house, and Mrs. T. applied herself to her -task. She directed the friends to get some hot water, bricks, &c., -while she sent a boy for some herbs; she wrote a note, and requested -him to carry it to the man with whom she had been living. He soon -returned with the articles. What she gave the patient to drink, we do -not know; but we soon saw its effects. The cold sweat was wiped from -her limbs--bottles of hot water were placed around her--a plaster was -applied to her stomach, and, in a short time, she sank into a sweet -sleep, which continued an hour or two, when she awoke, and began -to vomit. The friends were now much alarmed, and thought she must -certainly die. But the joyful expression of Mrs. T.’s countenance, told -them that she, at least, had no fears of a fatal result. - -Through the day and night, the nurse continued her exertions for her -friend; and the next morning, when the kind and sympathizing doctor -came in to look at the corpse, he was very much surprised to find his -patient sitting up in bed, eating a bowl of porridge! - -Turning to the nurse, he asked, “What did you give this woman?” - -“_Herb tea, sir!_” she answered, in a tone of voice which forbade -further questioning. - -Mrs. N. still lives, and, when her children are sick, she gives them -HERB TEA! - - - - -PREJUDICE. - - -AS far as I can ascertain, the present season (1857-8,) has -been a remarkable healthy one, in this portion of the west. But -scientifically, every few days, some poor sufferer is consigned to the -grave--but not until nature has disputed, most resolutely, every inch -of ground, and at last has been compelled to yield to King Calomel! It -is only a few days since, a child of ten or twelve years old was laid -away, with a part of the lower portion of its face already fallen off, -and appearances indicating that a large part of the rest would soon -have followed, had not death terminated its sufferings in mercy, and -spared its friends the anguish of beholding the farther devastations of -this most potent “remedy.” In such instances, the outraged feelings of -surviving friends, are usually quieted with the assurance that “it is -the Lord’s will;” and so these works of iniquity are saddled upon the -Supreme Arbiter of events, and He is made the scape-goat of one of the -most wicked systems that ever cursed the world. - -I am sometimes perfectly confounded by the blind bigotry which -possesses the minds of those men, whose business it is to administer to -the wants of suffering humanity. It does seem as though they thought -more of conforming to the opinions of certain authors, and following -the prescribed rules of a Medical Association, than they do of the -lives of their patients. In their opposition, especially to reform in -medical practice, some of them hesitate not to endanger the life of a -fellow-being, if, by so doing, they can bring obloquy upon that system -to which they are opposed. - -These are hard sayings; but I am compelled to believe them, for it is -but a short time since one of the poison-dealers tried to persuade -a patient of mine to eat unripe peaches, only two days after he had -reported him as in a very dangerous situation, with bilious fever. This -same man, was prescribing for a slight ailment in a stout individual, -who was still able to be about town and attend to his business. This -person ate some of the same kind of fruit, and thought that it injured -him. He told his physician what he had done, who broke out with an -oath, and told him he wondered it had not killed him. This shows the -estimation in which he held the fruit, which he had told my patient -would do him good. Comments, upon such an act, are unnecessary, or upon -a profession which feels itself obliged to treat with contempt, every -thing not paying homage to its mandates--no matter how much it may -promise to add to the welfare of mankind, if it cannot trace its origin -within the walls of a legalized inclosure. - -Of all men, the physician should be a liberal-minded man--ever anxious -to learn all that will enable him to be of benefit to his suffering -fellow-creatures. He should never conclude that he has nothing more to -know, or that he can find all knowledge in any one system, or theory, -of practice; he should ever be ready to learn, from every body. He who -expects to find out all that can be known, in one train of reasoning, -or round of study, is like a man traveling upon a circle, who thinks, -because he can travel all his life-time upon that circle, he can -consequently visit every place that the length of his life will permit -him to visit. After a while, some one--who has learned that, in order -to extend his knowledge, he must strike out a path diverging from that -one, so long traveled--starts out accordingly in a new direction, and -finds an extent of knowledge and research, of which he never before -dreamed. - -Our traveler, who thinks that the old path will lead him to all that he -can ever know, comes around to the new road. He stops, and asks, “Who -made this new track? Was it the man who marked out the one that I am -in?” - -“No!” says one; “the path which you are in, tells the same old story; -this new path is a better way. Discoveries have been made in it, far -more valuable than in the one in which you are, and they have been made -by one who does not believe that your old way is perfect.” - -Now see self-confidence, bigotry, and ignorance, encircling the lips of -scorn. “Fools!” says he, and he goes, muttering vengeance on the “poor -deluded fanatics!” - -But this state of things cannot always remain. The light of truth is -shining, and is destined to dispel the clouds of mystery, which have so -long covered the pathway to the grave, of millions of our fellow-men. -Men of intellect, science, and humanity, are engaged in this good -cause, and, so sure as “truth is mighty,” it must prevail. In order, -however, to the accomplishment of this desired event, physicians -must be men of principle, and adhere firmly to that which they know -to be right. In the practice of some, there is too much disposition -to accommodate the taste and prejudice of the patient, even at his -expense. I was talking with a physician not long since, who advocated -the practice of making medicine to suit the taste of the patient. -Instead of accommodating his desire too much, in a matter about which -he cannot be a judge, the physician should take that course which will -be most likely to cure him speedily, though the remedy be not quite -so palatable; there should be no tampering with his whims, to the -prolonging of his disease. - -This principle cannot be too deeply impressed upon the mind of every -one, while he is receiving his medical education; for the triumph of -our cause, and the rescuing of suffering humanity from the iron grasp -of medical tyranny, depend upon the integrity of our practitioners, and -their strict adherence to the true principles of practice. In the name -of Humanity, let us not fall into the same vortex of quackery, which -characterizes the practice against which we war! - - - - -RHEUMATISM--ITS CAUSES. - - -A PECULIAR acid, in rheumatic complaints, is now generally admitted to -secrete, or accumulate, in the system; and, though this acid is found -to pervade the entire body, yet this form of disease has been thought -to be rather a local complaint--that the joints, or parts affected, are -particularly in fault, and the remedies used are to be of a local, and -external character; or, if general, are particularly to act on the seat -of the pain. - -The more we study the human frame, and become familiar with the -organism of the human body, the more convinced we are that, whenever -one organ or function of the system is deranged, all others feel its -effects. In rheumatism, therefore, we have always discovered that the -stomach and liver are diseased; these notions we have had very well -substantiated by many. The internal irritation, renders the nutritive -energy of certain parts at the periphery, (namely, the fibrous sheaths -and covering of the muscles,) feeble, and their power of resisting -external causes of disease, deficient. When cold and damp, therefore, -are applied to the skin, the blood is driven thence toward the parts -most ready, from their want of organic energy, to retain it, and -least able to resist its flow. Those parts are the tissues which -have been most violently employed--the tissues connected with the -organs of voluntary motion, and the fibrous tissues of the muscles -and joints. In some persons, these tissues are congenitally weak, the -hereditary predisposition exists, and there is morbid sympathy always -existing between them and the centre of nutrition. The laboring man who -keeps his stomach and liver in a constant state of irritation, with -spirituous drinks--who uses his voluntary muscles hard and long every -day, and is exposed to all kinds of weather, is the most eligible, -and the most frequent victim of rheumatism; for in him the condition -of the stomach, the limbs, and the exciting cause, meet in all their -strength. Hence, in places where perry and cider abound, the peasantry -are especially subject to rheumatism. - -Why the rheumatism seizes one joint or set of muscles, more than -another, we know not, positively; but we do know, that more or less -digestive derangements are present at the time. I never saw a rheumatic -attack, in which such derangements were not present, previously to its -commencement. How often does it happen that a patient, racked with pain -is instantly relieved by a copious vomiting of bile, or by a common -diarrhœa. - -We come to the conclusion, then, that rheumatism is not a mere -inflammatory pain of the sheaths of the muscles, but has its origin -in some digestive irritation--exhibited by a certain kind and amount -of fibrous inflammation, and this may be caused by the circulation of -this acid blood, in its passage through the minute cappillaries of the -joints and tendons, since nothing but the white and thin blood can -pass through the circulation of the tendons and ligaments. Perhaps -this blood may be almost entirely of an acid character; it has no red -particles, and may lack those qualities which render it subservient to -nutrition and assimilation. - -If this view of the subject is correct, we readily perceive how the -bleeding, cupping, leeching, and blistering processes, tend directly -to weaken the energy of the organs, and render them more liable to -distension and congestion. - -A peculiar odor also arises from the patient, which I have thought -quite symptomatic of the disease, while the evacuations are thin, -dark, watery, and extremely offensive. The eruption on the skin I have -observed, but am not able to say whether or not it is present in all -cases; I have never been able to see it in negroes, neither do I know -whether it is perceptible at all in such subjects, but I am inclined -to the opinion that it is not. The eruption, as I have observed, is -various in appearance. It consists of small, rosy blotches, of a -roundish, or lenticular shape, scarcely, if at all, raised above the -general surface of the skin on which they appear. - -I have observed another eruption in this disease, called “petechiæ.” -This eruption is most perceptible on the chest, and interior part of -the arms. There is still another eruption which I have frequently -observed, but it is not peculiar to this disease; I have also often -observed it in other forms of disease. It makes its appearance about -the neck, and the eruption varies in size, from a mere point to that of -half a pea, and is filled with a transparent fluid; it looks not unlike -large and small drops of dew, scattered about over the neck; this -eruption I have often observed on negroes. - -Shortly after the termination of the disease, and sometimes even before -its termination, the skin commences desquamating. This desquamation -is particularly apt to take place on the inner surface of the hands, -and bottoms of the feet; the hair also frequently falls off, and even -the nails are sometimes shed. Patients recovering from this disease, -frequently have a numbness of the arms or legs, which sometimes amounts -to a complete paralysis. - -Abscesses often form about the thigh, leg, or some other part, which -burrow in the inter-muscular substance, and are very hard to cure. - - - - -THE INFLUENCE OF OPIUM. - - -MRS. N. was the wife of a clergyman of high standing in the -denomination to which he belonged. She was a worthy woman, and, as -things are viewed by finite eyes, deserved a better fate than it was -her fortune to meet. Some years previous to my acquaintance with -her, she had a severe illness, and opium was freely prescribed, -notwithstanding the opposition of her husband to its use. Being -naturally of a nervous temperament, he feared that she would find it -hard to relinquish a powerful stimulant, if she once became accustomed -to its use. On her recovery, his fears were fully realized; for some -time, she continued to take her daily dose; but at length her husband -felt that the habit must be broken up, or her usefulness would be -entirely destroyed. It would never do to have the parson’s wife an -opium-taker, and he told her that she must give it up, for he should -not get her any more. - -As soon as she had used up what she had on hand, she was seized with -vomiting and diarrhœa, which continued for one day, when she began -to grow cold. Through the following night, the chills continued to -increase, and toward morning she was taken with fainting. She could not -retain a particle of food, or anything else, except brandy and water, -on her stomach. By daylight, her strength was nearly exhausted, and -she looked more like a corpse than a living person. It was a serious -question with her husband, whether he should not send and get her some -opium; but, as he was obliged to leave home on business, he resolved to -wait until his return, and see if she would not get along without it. - -As soon as he was gone, she took a full dose of brandy, and then -started to go to the doctor’s house, which was but a short distance. -She knew the doctor’s wife would supply her with what she wanted; but -she did not dare to send one of her children, for she knew that they -partook too much of their father’s spirit. She succeeded in reaching -the door, and then fainted. The doctor’s wife, being aware of the real -state of things, soon found means to relieve her, and she returned -home, comparatively comfortable. - -When her husband returned home, he was rejoiced to find her so much -better, and he remarked that, as she had now began to amend without -opium, he hoped she would not be compelled to use it again. This was a -damper to her spirits, for which she was not quite prepared, as she had -not thought of the results of her deception. But she was unwilling to -mar her husband’s happiness by telling him the truth; so she permitted -him to believe that she was, in reality, dispensing with the accustomed -stimulus. - -Months passed away, and she continued the secret indulgence. At length, -the doctor and his wife suddenly left home, and she was again in great -trouble. No opium could she get, without the assistance of her husband; -and to acquaint him with her real condition, was not to be thought of. -For two days she was very sick, and her husband thought she would die. -A physician was called, but was desired not to give opium, lest she -should again be brought under its influence. His prescription did her -no good, and, finding she must die as she was, she requested to have a -friend sent for, to whom she revealed her secret. - -This woman was one of the few who have the moral courage to do right. -Fearless of consequences, she went immediately to Mr. N., and told him -of the apparent danger of one so dear, and finally procured what was -wanted, for that time; but no entreaties could induce him to purchase -a quantity, to keep in the house. What should she do now? Her eldest -son was just married, and his wife was a kind, affectionate daughter, -and a good nurse; she understood the cause of her mother’s suffering, -but could not comprehend why the remedy was so cruelly withheld. She -resolved to provide it herself, little suspecting what terrible results -would follow such kindness. - -Mrs. N. had given up in despair, and resigned herself to what seemed -inevitable death, when her son’s wife came in with a largo bottle of -laudanum in her hand, and presented it to her. She received it with -that joy which can never be expressed by words, or in any degree -comprehended, by one who has not passed through the horrible suffering -which opium prepares for its victims. - -Again she was able to fill her place as a pastor’s wife, and for -many years she continued her course of deception, on which she had -almost unconsciously entered. But it could not always last; her health -declined--her mind became more and more feeble, until it seemed as -though her intellectual faculties were almost destroyed. As the -disease increased, she increased her use of opium, until she found -herself in the iron grasp of consumption! Still, she thought opium -would eventually relieve her, if she only took enough. With this idea, -she one day swallowed a powerful dose. Worn out nature could no longer -contend with so potent an enemy, and was on the point of giving up the -contest. She became alarmed; a physician was called--the cause of the -trouble and all the long train of deception brought to light. Much -blame was cast upon the kind-hearted daughter-in-law, and much did she -regret the deplorable results of her mistaken kindness. - -The old doctor, who had been her friend and medical adviser for years, -was now dead, and his place was filled by his son, who had little -sympathy with such as voluntarily give themselves up to what he -considered a sinful indulgence. He thought that, by breaking up this -pernicious habit, he could again restore her to comfortable health. Her -husband and daughter feared that she had not strength to survive the -loss of her accustomed stimulus; but the doctor assured them that there -was no danger--that the change in her habits should be gradual, and -that, when once out from under its influence, she would not feel the -need of opium. - -He accordingly commenced the Herculean task, which the inspired writer -truly compares to changing the Ethiopian’s skin, or the leopard’s -spots. He gave her a weak solution of morphine, with other medicines; -but it was only a trifle, compared with the large doses which she had -formerly taken. He had prescribed for her about ten days, when I called -to see her. No language can describe the unutterable anguish depicted -in her countenance! She was reduced to a mere skeleton--too weak -to roll from side to side, but every motion indicating such extreme -nervous restlessness, as would have caused her to do so, if she had -strength sufficient. - -She had formerly made me her confidant, and now she felt that I should -understand her real situation, and feel the deep sympathy for her -suffering which she craved. As I stood by her bed, she took my hand -in her own, so cold, emaciated, and corpse-like, that it sent an -involuntary shudder through my frame, and said, in a whisper, “I am -dying, for the want of a little opium!” - -Seeing me start, as though I would speak, she said, - -“No! no! don’t tell them! They don’t know how I suffer for the want of -it; but you do, and you know how to pity me. O! I would give the whole -world, if it were mine, for one little dose--yes, one little dose would -be bliss to me!” - -Ye who have hearts to feel for human woe, think, if you can, what were -my feelings, as I stood beside that bed, witnessing such misery and -hearing such language--well knowing, that I could do nothing for her -relief, nor say anything to influence others to give her what she so -much needed; and what, if she had done wrong in taking so long--who -will dare to say, that it was right to withhold it from her, in that -fearful emergency! But it was withheld--and in a few days she died! - -Would that I could present the picture of this woman’s sufferings, to -all those invalids in our land, who are beginning to tamper with this -deadly drug, which at last “biteth like a serpent and stingeth like an -adder!” Methinks they would hasten to deliver themselves, as a roe from -the hand of the hunter, and as a bird from the hand of the fowler. - - - - -THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS. - - -THERE is no part of the human system which has such a controlling -influence over the whole body, as respects health or disease, as the -digestive organs. Any derangement in these, especially the stomach, -calls up a sympathy of action from the whole animal economy. Nearly -all the morbid actions found in the general system, are produced from -causes, first operative on the stomach. - -Hence, keeping the digestive system in a healthy state, secures, -as a general rule, a healthy action in every other part of the -physical organization. Therefore, to know something of the anatomy -and physiology of the digestive organs, together with the laws of -digestion, seems indespensable for every individual who would know how -to take care of his health. By the term “digestive organs,” is intended -the mouth, stomach, liver, and bowels, including the whole length of -this canal is a lining membrane, called the mucous membrane, which -continues from the lips to the opposite extremity; this membrane is -filled through its whole extent with minute blood vessels, and in some -parts, abundantly supplied with fine filaments of nerves. This membrane -has important functions to perform in the process of digestion; it is -a membrane of much delicacy of structure. Its healthy action is easily -deranged, and when impaired in one part, becomes, by sympathy, deranged -in every part. - - -THE MOUTH. - -The mouth, with its teeth and glands, commences the digestive process; -the teeth are to masticate the food; the salivary glands give important -aid to digestion. There are three pairs of glands, which pour the fluid -they secrete, into the mouth; this fluid is called saliva; the efforts -of chewing food excites these glands, and promotes the secretion of -saliva, which is essential to the healthy digestive process. - - -THE STOMACH. - -The stomach is the most important organ of digestion. It has three -coats; that which has most to do with digestion is the mucous coat, -which lines it; this coat is supposed to furnish, by its glands, what -is called gastric juice, which is the principal agent of digestion. The -stomach is abundantly supplied with nerves, and holds a very powerful -sway over the whole nervous system--so that, when the stomach is under -the influence of disease, either acute or chronic, the whole system -is immediately in a state of suffering. To secure, then, a healthy -organization, the stomach must be kept in health. - - -THE LIVER. - -This organ is also essential to digestion; it furnishes the bile; it -is the largest gland in the body, and its office seems to be to gather -from and carry out of the system substances which, if retained, might -prove hurtful. When the liver is inactive, we have what is called the -jaundice; the liver failing to take up from the system that substance -which forms the bile. When this is the case, a yellow substance is -found diffused throughout the whole body, and it exhibits a yellow -tinge. The bile, when properly secreted and discharged, meets the -contents of the stomach as discharged into that part of the bowels -nearest the stomach, and is there supposed to assist in the process -of separating the nutritious part of the contents from the refuse, -which is to pass off by the bowels; but its more important office -is, doubtless, to rid the passage of the refuse, or the fæces, by -evacuation. The bile seems to be nature’s appropriate stimulus to the -bowels, without which costiveness, and other irregularities, are likely -to ensue. - - -THE BOWELS. - -The bowels contain the absorbent vessels, which take up the nutritious -part of the food and carry it into the circulation of the blood, for -the support of the system; they also convey the refuse part of the food -out of the body. - - -MASTICATION. - -Mastication, or chewing, is the first step in the process of digestion. -When food is taken, it should be thoroughly masticated, before it is -suffered to pass into the stomach, or it is unprepared for the action -of the gastric juice. Besides this, the action of chewing causes the -food to be mixed with the saliva, which is an important item in the -preparation of it for the action of the stomach and its juice. The -food should be taken with sufficient moderation, to give time for the -process of mastication, and the discharge of saliva from the glands -of the mouth. Eating fast, or even talking while chewing, besides its -incongruity with politeness and good breeding, is directly at war with -thorough mastication. - -Many persons seem to think, that hurrying their meals to save time -is economy; their business drives them, and they drive their time of -meals into the smallest possible compass. This is miserable economy; -for, when they hurry down their food, half chewed and half moistened -with saliva, it deranges the process of digestion throughout, and, as -a consequence, the food not only sits bad on the stomach, and in time -causes dyspepsia, but fails to accomplish the sole object of taking -it--the nourishment of the body. In order to derive nourishment from -food, it must be well digested; hence it must be well masticated. When, -therefore, we hurry our eating, we hasten our steps on the wrong road; -time curtailed in eating, is worse than hiring money at three per cent. -a month. If we cannot spare time to eat, we had better not eat at -all; this idea cannot be too deeply impressed upon the minds of all. -Thousands, by this kind of careless and reckless eating, have, found -themselves the victims of dyspepsia, and all its attendant train of -evils; the digestive organs may bear the abuse awhile, without giving -many signs of trouble, but the penalty of that broken law must sooner -or later come; and it may come in the form of a broken constitution. - - -CHYMIFICATION. - -Chymification, or the transformation of food into chyme, is the -most important step in the process of digestion. The food, after -mastication, passes into the stomach; here it is formed into a -homogenous mass, partly fluid and partly solid, which is called chyme. -What is the exact philosophy of this process, has been a matter of some -discussion, into which it is not necessary now to enter; nor is it yet -satisfactorily settled, so as to admit of any definite instructions -being given. The theory which is now generally received, respecting -the manner in which the stomach acts upon food, is, that the gastric -juice possesses a solvent power, by which the food becomes reduced to -a uniform mass; the solvent power of the gastric juice is very great -in a healthy, vigorous stomach, but varies in strength according to -the energy of that organ. The solvent power of the gastric juice -is evidently controlled by the vital principle of life; while the -gastric juice of a healthy stomach acts vigorously upon the hardest -kinds of food; yet sometimes, when it comes in contact with anything -possessed of the principles of life, its power is stayed--worms, -while living, are not affected by it, but when destroyed, are often -digested. The gastric juice also possesses the property of coagulating -liquid albuminous substances; the stomach of the calf is used for this -purpose, by the dairy-woman, in making cheese; and when the infant -throws up its milk, because the stomach is too full, that milk will -be more or less curdled--and instead of considering this curdling an -indication of disease, it should be accounted a symptom of a good, -healthy stomach. - -The time ordinarily occupied in the process of chymification, when the -food has been properly masticated, has been found to be four or five -hours; the three first hours of the period, is occupied in the process -of intermixing the food, after it enters the stomach, with the gastric -juice. After this is accomplished, an alternation of contraction and -expansion of the stomach, or a kind of churning motion takes place, and -continues until the whole mass is converted into chyme, and conveyed to -the first intestines, or duodenum, to undergo another change. - - -CHYLIFACTION. - -Chylifaction, or the formation of chyle, is the next great step in the -process of digestion. This takes place in the duodenum; the chyme from -the stomach is let into the intestines little by little; a valve at -the lower opening, or outlet of the stomach prevents it from passing -any faster than it can be disposed of, in the formation of chyle. This -fluid is a thin, milky liquid, extracted from the chyme, and then taken -up by absorbent vessels, called lacteals; the chyme passes slowly -through the duodenum, and, in doing so, becomes mixed with another -fluid furnished from the pancreas, or sweetbread, and the bile from the -liver; passing slowly through this large intestine, ample time is given -for the lacteal to take up all that is valuable, to be carried into -the circulation, for the nourishment and support of the system. This -chyle, taken up by the lacteals, is directly converted into blood, and, -in many of its characteristics, it very closely resembles blood. The -process by which this conversion is carried on, is called absorption; -that class of absorbent vessels called lacteals, are not only found in -the first intestine, or duodenum, but are distributed along the small -intestines, for the purpose, as before stated, of conducting the chyle -in its appropriate course, for the formation of blood. - - -EVACUATION. - -Evacuation, or the discharge of the refuse part of the food, through -the bowels, is another and the last step in the process of digestion. -This part of the subject has a very important bearing on the condition -of the health; it is impossible for any one to possess good health, -while this office of the bowels is imperfectly performed. If the bowels -are relaxed and irritable, the food is borne along too soon and too -rapidly; this causes the process of chylification to be imperfect--the -chyle is imperfectly formed, and the lacteals have not sufficient time -to absorb it from the mass; this prevents the food from nourishing -the system. Hence, those who suffer from chronic diarrhœa may eat -largely, and yet grow weaker and weaker; their food does not nourish -them; the nutritious part passes off through the bowels, instead of -being taken into the blood. If the bowels, on the other hand, are -constipated, the consequences are no less unhappy. No one can possibly -be well with costive bowels; the free and easy action of the bowels is -as truly essential to health, as the free circulation of the blood. -When the bowels are sluggish, the process of absorption of the chyle -is retarded; and what is absorbed, is less pure and healthy, so the -quality of the blood is impaired. - -Besides the evils already mentioned, a costive state of the bowels -often causes a pressure of blood on the brain, and also derangement -of the nervous system, excitability of the nerves, nervous headache, -depression of spirits, and a long catalogue of sufferings, too numerous -for details. Habitual costiveness impairs the tone of the stomach, -and prevents its healthy action; piles, also, with various degrees of -severity, are often caused, directly or indirectly, by constipated -bowels. - -The causes of constipation are various, and to point them out in -detail would be, perhaps, a fruitless task. But there is one cause, -and a very common one, which claims attention here; it is the habit of -inattention to, and neglect of, the natural promptings of the bowels -to evacuate themselves. Thousands on thousands, especially females, -by a habit of checking the natural inclination of the bowels to throw -off their contents, have brought upon themselves habitual costiveness, -which, in time, has cost them immense suffering and wretchedness. No -one should ever hold his bowels in check, if it be possible to avoid -it; it can readily be perceived, that doing this would tend to diminish -the natural effort of the bowels, and to collect their contents into -a solid mass; then, the exertion required to empty the bowels, or the -physic taken to aid or make effectual that exertion, tends also to -increase the difficulty. - -A habit of costiveness should always be removed, if possible; and the -best way of doing this, is by a course of discipline. Those articles -of food should be selected, which have an influence to keep the bowels -open. Bread, made of flour, has a tendency to constipate them; but -brown bread, and bread made of wheat meal, have a tendency to open -them--also molasses, taken with food, has an additional tendency; -fruits and greens, if the stomach can bear them, are adapted to relieve -costiveness. The influence of the mind should also be brought to bear -upon this difficulty; the operation of the mind on the physical system -is very great, especially in chronic complaints. - -A person with costive bowels, should have a mental determination to -have a natural evacuation of the bowels, at some regular hour in -the morning--just after breakfast should be preferred. By a mental -calculation, by bearing the subject in mind, by thinking and desiring, -by intending to have the bowels move about that hour, very much may be -done by way of facilitating such a result. But if, instead of attending -to a favorable diet, and of thinking on the subject at the proper -time, we treat the difficulty with medicines alone, we do harm rather -than good: for the more alteratives we take, the more we increase the -trouble; the physic only overcomes the constipation for the time, and -afterward leaves the bowels in a more torpid state. Still, rather -than endure the consequences of costiveness, it is better to take -alteratives, in conjunction with other means, until the difficulty can -be removed. When alteratives are used in conjunction with discipline, -they should be of the mildest kind. No proper pains should be spared, -in overcoming this derangement of nature, till a habitual movement of -the bowels once in twenty-four hours, is secured.—_Coles, on Health._ - - - - -TO MOTHERS, - -IN REGARD TO INFANTS. - - -AS a general rule, mothers have not that care of infants which nature -requires. In the first place, as soon as the little stranger makes its -appearance, every precaution should be taken; it should be wrapped in -warm clothes, with particular care not to have it laid in a cold place. -Then a basin of warm water and good Castile soap should be ready, -and great care should be taken as to the tightness of its bands. The -infant, you must remember, comes from a warm berth, and particular -pains should be taken to keep it warm, especially when asleep. - -I verily believe, that two-thirds of the children that die before -attaining the age of two years, die through ignorance of mothers and -nurses. In the first place, as soon as it comes into the world, it is -laid under the bed or table, with little or no care as to its exposure -to the cold; next a little rag is used, with some fine scented -soap, and it is dressed in a cold, gaudy apparel--its comfort not -considered--only the show of fine clothes. You have not the least idea -how much this little creature suffers, and you are laying up trouble -for yourself; I believe a child that has no pain, never cries. What is -the next thing that is done? “Why, I must give it purgatives; the child -must have a dose; we must deprive the poor thing of its senses, in -order that it may rest;” then they dose it with narcotics, and if, by -chance, it lives to be a month old, they take off its belly-band. Then -comes feeding; a bowl of strong bread and milk is prepared--and though -the nurse or mother has sufficient breast milk for it, they imagine -the child craves food, and the poor little creature is, as I may say, -crammed to death. - -Why does the child cry? Perhaps, my dear friend, the cause is your -own fault--over dosing in the first place; be cautious, as soon as -the little one makes its entrance into this world. Do as I directed -before, then take a piece of fresh butter the size of a bird’s egg, mix -it up with loaf-sugar, put a little piece at a time into the new-born -infant’s mouth, and it will suck it down; this will cleanse its mouth -and alimentary canal, and open all obstructions in the intestines. Let -the child have the breast as soon as possible; the first milk will -purge the infant sufficiently, without having recourse to cathartics; -by giving purgatives to an infant, it does more harm than good. A child -ought to be put at the breast as soon as possible--it is a great error -to keep the child from it for several hours; and suppose the mother to -be weak, it will not injure her health in the least, as it is natural; -but it is unnatural to give the child strong bread and milk--give it a -little catnip tea, if it is absolutely necessary. - -I have seen a mother, who imagined her child was hungry, and she would -have a cup of bread and milk on the stove all day, and every few -minutes she would give the child a teaspoonful; if the little creature -pushed it out with its tongue, she would push it back with her finger. -This is cruel; we may call this mother over fond. A child should never -have any kind of food until six, or even nine months old, if the -mother has milk of her own; I never gave mine any until they were to -be weaned--in fact, I never allowed my eldest son to have a mouthful -of any food, except the breast, until he was one year old; that day I -commenced weaning him, and gave him no drink through the night, except -cold water; I never gave my other children any drink but cold water, -after they were weaned. Feeding children at night is a foolish habit. - -Let them wear their belly-band at least until you put short clothes -on them; then have a waist to their petticoats, with shoulder straps, -buttoned behind the waist, made from their arms to the hips; this -supports the bowels; keep the same on your girls for years; it would, -if practicable, be well for them to wear it all their lives, and we -would not then see so many young females afflicted with tumors and -cancers in the ovaries, nor the falling of the womb. I think babes’ -dresses ought not to be too long, as it draws too heavily; the weak -form cannot support it as easily as you imagine. Let me beg of you to -study their comfort and health. I love to see a child well dressed, as -well as any one--but I see too many that suffer from the law of fashion -rather than comfort, that I pity them. Keep the feet warm with socks, -and the head cool, but not to extremes. - -Great care should be taken in regard to bathing children; always bathe -them regularly every morning--but let the water be warm; cold water -will do more harm than good. In the heat of summer let it be tepid--it -will strengthen a child; but when cold water seizes the little -creature, it generally produces too much fear to be beneficial. - -When you intend to wean your infant, it would be well to choose the -shortest days, as the child will sleep more. A good substitute for -mother’s milk is arrow-root, boiled in half milk and water. Avoid -strong food; the least sugar you give the better. If medicine is -required, use Turkey rhubarb; always buy the root, and prepare it -yourself--do not get it pulverized; cut it, and steep it as much as -necessary; add a few caraway seeds to it, when you steep it. This -medicine will not injure the child, in case you give too much, as would -any other cathartic, but it is strengthening to the bowels. - -If the child has a sore mouth, get some pulverized wild turnip and -cranesbill bark; take two teaspoonsful of loaf sugar, and as much of -the barks as you can hold on a ten cent piece; mix well, and put a -little, two or three times a day, into its mouth; give a little saffron -tea and a little rhubarb. - -If the child is chafed in the neck, or elsewhere, take pulverized -cranesbill bark, and put it into a muslin bag; when you wash the child, -dust this in all the parts affected; do it as often as you think -necessary. - -If it has sores, wash with Castile soap, and get some pulverized -bloodroot, and mix it with two-thirds water and one-third cider, and -wash it; this alone will cure all sores. A good medicine for children, -in the spring, is composed of the following: take half an ounce of the -best sulphur, quarter of an ounce each of cream tartar, pulverized -yellow dock root, tanzy, elecampane root, pulverized rhubarb root, -one ounce black alder bark, a teaspoonful of mandrake root, and a -tablespoonful caraway seed; mix these with molasses, and let them stand -twenty-four hours, stirring it two or three times during the day. Give -according to age--a child two months old, a piece the size of a bean; -a child three years old, half a teaspoonful in the morning, before -dinner, and at bed-time; you can begin with small doses, and increase -as you think best. - -The best way to cleanse the blood of an infant, when at the breast, is -for the mother to take the proper medicines and purify her own blood; -it will do the child more good, and renew the milk. If your child is -full of humors, you may be sure they will increase; but do not wean -it on that account--purify your blood by taking the cleansing syrups -mentioned in this book; and, in case you do not understand how to mix -them, send to me for them, mentioning the age of the child, and how the -humor makes its appearance. - -The seven years’ itch is very prevalent at the present day, among all -classes of society, from the highest to the lowest; it is fashionably -termed salt rheum, or a species of it. Children are more or less -troubled with the preaff, a species of ringworm; use no ointments, -externally, until the inside is well guarded, or you throw it on the -lungs, or in the joints, and make it a fool or a cripple for life. So -be wise and prudent. Do not comb or scrape a baby’s head, if it has -dandruff; wet it with a little sweet or olive oil at night, the next -morning wash it carefully with Castile soap, and continue until all is -removed. Keep the infant’s ears well cleaned; always use a soft brush -for the hair. - - * * * * * - -Kind reader--I have endeavored to instruct you how to secure good -health for your children; allow your aged friend to say a few words for -the soul--which never dies, but returns to its Creator, God. Have you -ever considered this important truth? If so--happy soul! angels rejoice -to see a mother leading her babes to Jesus! As soon as they can lisp, -teach them to pronounce the name of Jesus, and to ask him to bless them -and you. Bow with them at the Throne of Grace, morning and evening; be -simple and short, in your requests to your Heavenly Father, that it may -be a pleasure, rather than a task, to them. - -Has death visited your abode, or fortune frowned upon you--go to -Bethlehem; there you will find the Blessed Virgin Mary, the mother of -your Savior--poor, outcast, and dejected, seeking a shelter, to bring -forth the God-man! Then follow her to the Cross; here, a sword pierces -her own soul, to behold her only-beloved Son expire on the cross for -ungrateful man. But she had grace from on high; and we, too, can have -the same ark. Remember, this is not our abiding place; Mary rejoiced, -because she knew this, and her soul was filled with love--no murmuring -or complaint escaped her lips--all was submission to the will of God! -Let us all follow her example; and join our dear babes in Heaven, as -the mother of our God and Savior did. - - - - -GENERAL REMARKS. - - -THIS book will be read by friends and foes, and many will scrutinize -every word. I would politely ask such--cannot the aged be excused? -and remember my age. While writing the foregoing, it has been my aim -to speak the truth, in a plain and easy manner, so that all could -understand it--avoiding all vulgar phrases that was not necessary for -your comprehension. - -It has been my determination, as far as practicable, to dispose of the -book myself, and only among my sex. I pray to God it may be a blessing -to the rising generation. I shall always be happy to give you any -information, in regard to your health, by letter. After the first of -May, 1858, you can address to “Saint Vincent de Paul, Lower Canada,” -nine miles from the city of Montreal; and the first of June, I shall be -enabled to accommodate a few invalids, at my own house. It is situated -on a branch of the Ottawa, and commands a beautiful view up and down -the river; as to the location, it cannot be surpassed. - -All letters must be sent by the fifteenth of May, 1858, as the number -will be limited. Those that place themselves under my care, shall -have my care; where there are a great number, some, of course, must -be neglected. My farm is only one mile and a half from my residence, -where the ladies can ride and walk. It is considered, by visitors, a -delightful and healthy situation. - -Reference, as to character and location: - - Rev. Mr. N. LA VALLIE, } - Dr. POMEVILLE, } St. Vincent de Paul. - Dr. PRATT, } - Hon. C. C. S. DE BLEURY, } - - - - -THE DIET OF CHILDREN. - - -DURING the early stage of life, all heating and stimulating food -and drinks should be strictly forbidden. They tend more certainly -to produce disease, in the really excited system during childhood, -than perhaps at any other period of life. Vegetables should, in fact, -constitute the principal diet of children; especially the farinaceous -substances--such as bread, rice, arrow-root, potatoes, &c. To these -may be added milk, soft-boiled eggs, and a very moderate allowance of -plain and simply cooked animal food. Children, in general, have very -excellent appetites, and a sufficiency of nourishing food is absolutely -necessary--not merely to renew the waste of their systems, but also to -supply materials for their daily growth. - -Three, or perhaps four, light meals a day, will be found a good -allowance during childhood. At one of these--the dinner, or mid-day -meal--animal food may be allowed, in moderation; for the others, -bread, or potatoes, and milk, various preparations of rice, or rice and -milk, plain bread pudding, and custard, form a proper and wholesome -diet. All salted and high-seasoned food should be forbidden. Some have -objected to butter for children; although experience would appear to -show that a very moderate allowance of fresh butter is by no means -injurious. - -Of vegetables--potatoes, carrots, turnips, beets and cauliflowers, will -be found most wholesome. They should be well boiled, and the potatoes -and turnips eaten without being mashed, or mixed with butter or fat -gravy. Children should never be indulged in pastry, of any kind. They -may, occasionally, take a little of the cooked fruit of a pie; but even -this should be in moderation. - -The drink of children should be simply water, milk, whey, or very -weak tea, milk and sugar. All stimulating and fermenting liquors are -not only unnecessary, but positively injurious, by increasing, to an -improper extent, the circulation of the blood; they induce fever, -indigestion, inflammation, or convulsions, to say nothing of the danger -of their use during childhood--giving rise to habits of intemperance in -after life. - -The period of the meals should be strictly regulated, and in such a -manner that the intervals between them should not be so great as to -permit the children to experience, at any time, a sensation of hunger. -Supper should be taken an hour or two before bed-time. Children should -get their breakfasts as soon as possible after they have arisen, and -have been properly combed and washed; the stomach is then empty, and -the appetite keen. If food be too long withheld, the cravings become -either too importunate, or the appetite fails--either of which would be -injurious. - -As little variety of food as possible should be set before children; -since every extraordinary article becomes a new incentive to appetite. -They should never be indulged with a second course; if they sit down -with an appetite, they will satisfy it by eating of the first articles -presented to them--hence, all the rest is superfluous, and therefore -injurious. If the appetite be trifling, the less they eat at the time -the better; as by taking but little, the appetite will more certainly -return at the next meal. But should this instinct of nature for an -observance of moderation be neglected, or attempted to be overcome -by variety, repletion, with all its evils, will follow. Instead of a -renewed and healthy appetite following, as would have been the case -had the instinct been obeyed, it will be found diminished, and most -probably attended with headache, fever, oppression, or even vomiting. - -Children should not be allowed to eat frequently of bread and butter, -bread and molasses, cakes, or fruit, between meals, for this will -either destroy the regular appetite, or induce them to eat too much. In -the first case, the stomach will be interrupted in its regular routine -of function; consequently, the appetite will become either irregular or -capricious. In the second case, all the evils attendant upon an over -distension of the stomach must follow. They should not, therefore, -be suffered to carry food in their pockets, to eat between meals, or -during school hours, as this produces the injurious habit of requiring -food at improper times; by which the digestion of the previous meal -is interfered with--a fresh quantity of food being forced upon the -stomach, before it has properly digested that which had been before -received. - -Children are to be restrained from any violent exercise immediately -after dinner; if not kept in a state of perfect rest, they should -at least be prevented from engaging in any pastime which requires -considerable bodily exertion. They should also be early taught the -importance of eating slowly, and chewing their food well; on this -account alone, the habit of resting after a meal is of importance, as -it prevents them from swallowing their food hastily, in order that they -may return more quickly to their play. - -In regulating the diet of children, care should be taken not to force -any particular article upon them, after it is found, by a fair trial, -not to agree with their stomach. The contrary practice is both cruel -and injudicious; cruel, because the poor child is forced to swallow -what is disagreeable to it; and injudicious, because it is liable to -perpetuate a disgust which most probably would have subsided, had no -forcible attempt been made to overcome it. At the same time, however, -great care must be taken that permanent dislikes are not formed, at -this period of life, against certain wholesome articles of food. This -is often a matter of very great difficulty; a good deal of close -observation and discernment being required, in order to distinguish -between a wayward prejudice and an actual disgust. The former, if -indulged in too long, may be converted into the latter; while the -latter may often, by judicious and well adapted means, be entirely -removed. Children should never be suffered to eat alone, unless the -proper quantity of food be meted out to them; otherwise, they will -eat too much. If a child demand more than is judged proper for it, -its importunities should always be resisted with firmness, or it will -certainly acquire habits of gluttony. - - - - -REMARKS ON FOOD. - - -PROBABLY the best means of ascertaining food best adapted to the human -stomach, has been given us by Dr. Beaumont, in his experiments. - -While stationed at Michilimackinac, Michigan Territory, in 1822, in -the service of the United States, he was called upon to take charge of -Alexis St. Martin, a young Canadian, eighteen years of age, of good -constitution and robust health, who was accidentally wounded by the -discharge of a musket, June 6th, 1822. - -“The charge,” says Dr. Beaumont, “consisting of powder and duck-shot, -was received in the left side, at the distance of one yard from the -muzzle of the gun. The contents entered posteriorly, in an oblique -direction, forward and inward, literally blowing off inguments and -muscles the size of a man’s hand, fracturing and carrying away the -anterior half of the sixth rib, fracturing the fifth, lacerating the -lower portion of the left lobe of the lungs, the diaphragm, and also -_perforating the stomach_!” - -On the fifth day, sloughing took place; lacerated portions of the lung -and stomach separated, and left a perforation into the latter “large -enough to admit the whole length of the middle finger into its cavity; -and also a passage into the chest, half as large as his fist.” Violent -fever and further sloughing ensued, and for seventeen days, everything -swallowed passed out through the wound, and the patient was kept alive -chiefly by nourishing injections. By and by the fever subsided, the -wound improved in appearance, and after the fourth week the appetite -became good, digestion regular, the evacuations natural, and the health -of the system complete. The orifice, however, never closed; and at -every dressing the contents of the stomach flowed out, and its coats -frequently became everted, or protruded so far as to equal in size a -hen’s egg; but they were always easily returned. - -On the 6th of June, 1823, a year from the date of the accident, the -injured parts were all sound except the perforation into the stomach, -which was now two and a half inches in circumference. For some months -thereafter, the food could be retained only by constantly wearing a -compress and bandage; but early in winter, a small fold or doubling of -the villous coat began to appear, which gradually increased till it -filled the aperture, and acted as a valve, so as completely to prevent -any efflux from within, but to admit of being easily pushed back by the -finger from without. - -Here, then, was an admirable opportunity for experimenting on the -subject of digestion, and for observing the healthy and undisturbed -operations of nature, free from the agony of vivisections, and -from the sources of fallacy inseparable from operating on animals. -Dr. Beaumont was sensible of its value, and accordingly pursued his -enquiries with a zeal, perseverance, and disinterestedness, highly -creditable to his character, both as a man and as a philosopher. - -Dr. Beaumont began his experiments in May, 1825, and continued them -for four or five months, St. Martin being then in high health. In -the autumn, St. Martin returned to Canada, married, had a family, -worked hard, engaged as a voyager with the Hudson’s Bay Fur Company, -remained there four years, and was then engaged at a great expense, -by Dr. Beaumont, to come and reside near him, on the Mississippi, for -the purpose of enabling him to complete his investigations. He came -accordingly in August, 1829, and remained till March, 1831. He then -went a second time to Canada, but returned to Dr. Beaumont in November, -1832, when the experiments were once more resumed, and continued till -March, 1833, at which time he finally left Dr. Beaumont. He now enjoys -perfect health, but the orifice made by the wound remains in the same -state as in 1824. - -The following table exhibits the general results of all the experiments -made upon St. Martin, posterior to 1825; and the average is deduced -from those which were performed when the stomach was considered, by Dr. -Beaumont, to be in its natural state, and St. Martin himself subjected -to ordinary exercise. - - - - -TABLE, - -SHOWING THE MEAN TIME OF DIGESTION OF THE DIFFERENT ARTICLES OF DIET. - - - Articles of Diet. Mode Time required - of for - Preparation. Digestion. - H. M. - Rice, Boiled, 1.00 - Sago, do. 1.45 - Tapioca, do. 2.00 - Barley, do. 2.00 - Milk, do. 2.00 - Do. Raw, 2.15 - Gelatine, Boiled, 2.30 - Pigs’ feet, soused, do. 1.00 - Tripe, soused, do. 1.00 - Brains, do. 1.45 - Venison steak, Broiled, 1.35 - Spinal marrow, Boiled, 2.40 - Turkey, domestic, Roasted, 2.30 - Do. do. Boiled, 2.25 - Do. wild, Roasted, 2.18 - Goose, do. 2.30 - Pig, sucking, do. 2.30 - Liver, beef’s fresh, Broiled, 2.00 - Lamb, fresh, do. 2.30 - Chicken, full-grown, Fricassee, 2.45 - Eggs, fresh, Hard boiled, 3.30 - Do. do. Soft do. 3.00 - Do. do. Fried, 3.30 - Do. do. Roasted, 2.15 - Do. do. Raw, 2.00 - Do. whipped, do. 1.30 - Custard, Baked, 2.45 - Codfish, cured, dry, Boiled, 2.00 - Trout, salmon, fresh, do. 1.30 - Do. do. Fried, 1.30 - Bass, striped, fresh, Broiled, 3.00 - Flounder, do. Fried, 3.30 - Catfish, do. do. 3.30 - Salmon, salted, Boiled, 4.00 - Oysters, fresh, Raw, 2.55 - Do. do. Roasted, 3.15 - Do. do. Stewed, 3.30 - Beef, fresh, lean, rare, Roasted, 3.00 - Do. do. dry, do. 3.30 - Do. steak, Broiled, 3.00 - Do. with salt only, Boiled, 2.45 - Do. with mustard, &c., do. 3.30 - Do. fresh, lean, Fried, 4.00 - Do. old, hard, salted, Boiled, 4.15 - Pork, steak, Broiled, 3.15 - Do. fat and lean, Roasted, 5.15 - Do. recently salted, Boiled, 4.30 - Do. do. Fried, 4.15 - Do. do. Broiled, 3.13 - Do. do. Raw, 3.00 - Do. do. Stewed, 3.00 - Mutton, fresh, Roasted, 3.15 - Do. do. Broiled, 3.00 - Do. do. Boiled, 3.00 - Veal, fresh, Broiled, 4.00 - Veal, fresh, Fried, 4.30 - Fowls, domestic, Broiled, 4.00 - Do. do. Roasted, 4.00 - Ducks, do. do. 4.00 - Do. wild, do. 4.30 - Suet, beef, fresh, Boiled, 5.03 - Do. mutton, do. 4.30 - Butter, Melted, 3.30 - Cheese, old, strong, Raw, 3.30 - Soup-beef, vegetable,} Boiled, 4.00 - and bread, } - Do. marrow bones, do. 4.14 - Do. bean, do. 3.00 - Do. barley, do. 1.30 - Do. mutton, do. 3.30 - Green corn and beans, do. 3.45 - Chicken soup, do. 3.00 - Oyster soup, do. 3.30 - Hash, meat and vegetable, Warmed, 2.30 - Sausage, fresh, Broiled, 3.20 - Heart, animal, Fried, 4.00 - Tendon, Boiled, 5.30 - Cartilage, do. 4.15 - Aponeurosis, do. 3.00 - Beans, pod, do. 2.30 - Bread, wheaten, fresh, Baked, 3.30 - Do. corn, do. 3.15 - Cake, corn, Baked, 3.00 - Do. sponge, do. 2.30 - Dumpling, apple, Boiled, 3.00 - Apples, sour and hard, Raw, 2.50 - Do. do. mellow, do. 2.00 - Do. sweet, do. do. 1.30 - Parsnips, Boiled, 2.30 - Carrots, orange, do. 3.15 - Beets, do. 3.45 - Turnips, flat, do. 3.30 - Potatoes, Irish, do. 3.30 - Do. do. Roasted, 2.30 - Do. do. Baked, 2.30 - Cabbage, head, Raw, 2.20 - Do. with vinegar, do. 2.00 - Do. do. Boiled, 4.30 - -As a general rule, animal food is more easily and speedily digested, -and contains a greater quantity of nutriment in a given bulk, than -either herbaceous or farinaceous food; but, apparently from the same -cause, it is also more heating and stimulating. Minuteness of division, -and tenderness of fibre, are shown, by Dr. Beaumont’s experiments, to -be two grand essentials for the easy digestion of butcher-meat; and the -different kinds of fish, flesh, fowl, and game, are found to vary in -digestibility, chiefly in proportion as they approach or depart from -these two standing qualities. - -Farinaceous food, such as rice, sago, arrow-root, and gruel, are also -rapidly assimulated, and prove less stimulating to the system than -concentrated animal food. Milk seems to rank in the same class, when -the stomach is in a healthy state. - -Animal food, it is true, affords a more stimulating nutriment than -farinaceous and other kinds of vegetable aliment, and hence it is -avoided in diseases of excitement. But it seems to me that this -stimulus is owing, not only to its own inherent properties, but also to -its more highly concentrated state, and to the much greater quantity of -chyle which is derived from it, than from an equal bulk of vegetable -aliment. - -Before concluding his experiments on the agents employed in digestion, -Dr. Beaumont made many observations, with a view to ascertain whether -any increase of temperature took place during that process. By -introducing a thermometer with a long stem, at the external opening -into St. Martin’s stomach, both before and during the chymification, -he succeeded in obtaining very accurate information on this point. -In two or three of the experiments, the heat of the stomach seemed -to be increased after taking food; but in by far the greater number, -the temperature remained the same. It appeared, however, that the -variations of the atmosphere produced a sensible change on the heat of -the stomach--a dry air increasing, and a moist air diminishing it. The -ordinary temperature may be estimated at 100 Fahrenheit, and in several -instances it was higher at the pyloric than at the cardiac end. On one -cloudy, damp, and rainy day, the thermometer rose only to 94 degrees, -and on another to 96 degrees; whereas the next day, when the weather -was clear and dry, it rose to 99 degrees; and on that following, when -the weather was both clear and cold, to 100. On several occasions, it -rose as high as 102 degrees, and once to 103 degrees; but these were -after exercise, which was always observed to cause an increase of two -or three degrees. We have already seen that artificial digestion is -entirely arrested by cold. - - - - -INFERENCES FROM DR. BEAUMONT’S EXPERIMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS, GIVEN IN -HIS OWN WORDS. - - -1. That hunger is the effect of distension of the vessels that secrete -the gastric juice. - -2. That the processes of mastication, insalivation, and deglutition, in -an abstract point of view, do not in any way affect the digestion of -the food; or, in other words, when food is introduced directly into the -stomach, in a finely divided state, without these previous steps, it is -as perfectly digested as when they have been taken. - -3. That saliva does not possess the properties of an alimentary solvent. - -4. That the agent of chymification is the gastric juice. - -5. That the pure gastric juice is fluid, clear, and transparent; -without odor, a little salt, and perceptibly acid. - -6. That it contains free muriatic acid, and some other active chymical -properties. - -7. That it is never found free in the gastric cavity; but it is always -excited to discharge itself by the introduction of food or other -irritants. - -8. That it is secreted from vessels distinct from the mucous follicles. - -9. That it is seldom obtained pure; but is generally mixed with mucous, -and sometimes with saliva. When pure, it is capable of being kept for -months, and perhaps for years. - -10. That it coagulates albumen, and afterward dissolves the coagulæ. - -11. That it checks the progress of putrefaction. - -12. That it acts as a solvent of food, and alters its properties. - -13. That, like other chymical agents, it commences its action on food -as soon as it comes in contact with it. - -14. That it is capable of combining with a certain and fixed quantity -of food; and when more aliment is presented for its action than it will -dissolve, disturbance of the stomach, or “indigestion," will ensue. - -15. That its action is facilitated by the warmth and motions of the -stomach. - -16. That it becomes intimately mixed and blended with the ingestæ in -the stomach, by the motions of that organ. - -17. That it is invariably the same substance, modified only by -admixture with other fluids. - -18. That the motions of the stomach produce a constant churning of its -contents, and admixture of food and gastric juice. - -19. That these motions are in two directions--transversely and -longitudinally. - -20. That no other fluid produces the same effect on food that gastric -juice does; and that it is the only solvent of aliment. - -21. That the action of the stomach and its fluids is the same on all -kinds of diet. - -22. That solid food, of a certain texture, is easier of digestion than -fluid. - -23. That animal and farinaceous aliments are more easy of digestion -than vegetable. - - - - -CATALOGUE OF HERBS, MEDICINAL PLANTS, &c. - - - Common Names. Botanical Names. Per lb. - Abscess Root, Polemonium reptans, 50 - Aconite leaves, Aconitum napellus, - Aconite root, " " - Agrimony, Agrimonia eupatoria 50 - Alder bark, black, Prinos verticillatus, 25 - Alder berries, black, " " - Alder, red or tag, Alnus serrulata, 25 - Alder, striped, (See witch hazel,) - Alum root, Heucheria acerifolia, - Angelica leaves, Angelica atropurpurea, 25 - Angelica root, " " 50 - Angelica seed, " " - Anise seed, Pimpinella anisum, - Apple, Peru, (See thorn apple,) - Apple-tree bark, Pyrus malus, 25 - Arbutus, trailing, (See gravel plant,) - Archangel, Angelica archangelica, 50 - Arnica flowers, Arnica montana, - Arnica root, " " - Arse-smart, (See water pepper,) - Ash bark, prickly, Xanthoxylum fraxineum, 50 - Ash berries, prickly, " " 25 - Ash bark, white, Fraxinus acuminata, - Ash, mountain, bark, Aralia spinosa, 50 - Asparagus root, Asparagus officinalis, - Asthma weed, (See lobelia,) - Aven’s root, Geum rivale, 50 - Backache brake, Apsidium filix-femina, - Balm, lemon, Melissa officinalis, 50 - Balm, mountain, (See Oswego tea,) - Balm, red, " " - Balm, sweet, Dracocephalum canariensis, 35 - Balm of Gilead, buds, Populus balsamifera, - Balmony, Chelone Glabra, 30 - Balsam, sweet, Gnaphaleum polycephalum, 35 - Balsam, white, " " - Barberry bark, Berberis vulgaris, 50 - Basil, sweet, Ocymum basilicum, 50 - Basil, wild, (See dittany,) - Basswood bark, (See tilia,) 38 - Bayberry bark, Myrica cerifera, 20 - Bayberry leaves, " " - Bearberry, (See uva-ursi,) - Beccabunga, (See brooklime,) - Bed-straw, (See cleavers,) - Beech bark, Fagus ferrigenea, 30 - Beech drops, Epiphegus virginiana, 50 - Beech leaves Fagus ferrigenea, 50 - Bee’s nest, (See wild carrot,) - Belladonna leaves, (See deadly nightshade,) - Bellwort, Uvularia perfoliata, 75 - Benne leaves, Sesamum indicum, - Beth root, Trilium purpu, 1 00 - Betony wood, Pedicularis canadensis, - Bindweed, (See man root,) - Birch hark, black, Betula lenta, 25 - Bird’s nest, (See wild carrot,) - Bird peppers, (See pepper,) - Bitter-clover, (See centuary,) - Birth-root, (See beth root,) - Bitter herb, (See balmony,) - Bitter root, Apocynum an drosæmifolium, 75 - Bittersweet, bark of root, Celastrus scandens, 75 - Bittersweet berries, " " - Bittersweet herb, Solanum dulcamara, 50 - Bitterworm, (See buckbean,) - Blackberry root, Rubus occidentalis, 25 - Blackberry, bark of root, " " - Black root, (See Culver’s root,) - Black snake root, (See black cohosh,) - Blazing star root, Aletris farinosa, - Blood root, Sanguinaria canadensis, 50 - Blue-bells, (See abscess root,) - Blue-berry, (See pappoose root,) - Blue flag, Iris versicolor, 50 - Boneset, Eupatorium perfoliatum, 25 - Boneset, purple, (See queen of the meadow,) - Borage, Borago officinalis, 50 - Bouncing Bet (See soapwort,) - Bowman’s root, (See Culver’s root,) - Box-berry, (See wintergreen,) - Boxwood bark, Cornus florida, 37 - Boxwood flowers, " " 50 - Brooklime, Veronica beccabunga, - Buchu leaves, Diosma crenata, - Buckbean, Menyanthes trifoliata, 75 - Buckhorn brake, Osmunda regalis, - Buckthorn berries, Rhamnus catharticus, - Bugle, bitter, Lycopus Europeus, 50 - Bugle, sweet, Lycopus virginicus, 50 - Bugloss, common, (See borage,) - Burdock leaves, Artium lappa, 25 - Burdock root, " " 35 - Burdock seed, " " 30 - Butterfly weed, (See pleurisy root,) - Butternut bark, Junglans cineria, 25 - Button snake root, Liatris spicata, 50 - Cabbage, meadow, swamp, (See skunk cabbage,) - Calamus, (See sweet flag,) - Canada thistle root, Cnicus arvensis, - Cancer root plant, (See beech drops,) - Canker weed, Prenanthes alba, 50 - Capsicum, (See pepper,) - Caraway seed, Carum carni - Cardinal flower, blue, Lobelia syphilitica, 50 - Cardus, spotted, Centaurea benedicta, 50 - Carrot leaves, wild, Daucus carota, - Carrot seed, wild, " " - Catchweed, (See cleavers,) - Catnip, or catmint, Nepeta cataria, 25 - Cayenne, (See bird pepper,) - Celandine, garden, Chelidonum majus, 50 - Celandine, wild, Impatiens pallida, 25 - Centuary, Am., Sabbatia angularis, 50 - Chamomile, low, Anthemis nobilis, 50 - Chamomile, wild, (See mayweed,) - Checkerberry, (See squaw vine,) - Cherries, wild, Prunus virginiana, - Cherry bark, wild, " " 25 - Chickweed, Cerastium vulgatum, - Chillies, (See red pepper,) - Chocolate root, (See Aven’s root,) - Christmas rose, (See black hellebore,) - Cicely, sweet, Uraspermum claytoni, 50 - Cicuta leaves, Conium maculatum, 25 - Cinque foil, (See five finger,) - Clammy sage, Salvia selara, 40 - Clary, " " 40 - Cleavers, or clivers, Galium aparine, 50 - Cliff-weed, (See alum root,) - Clove garlic, (See garlic,) - Clover heads, red, Trifolium pratense, - Clover, sweet, (See meliot,) - Clustered Sol. Seal, (See small Sol. seal,) - Coakum, (See poke,) - Cocash root, Puniceus, 25 - Cock-up hat, (See queen’s delight,) - Coffee, wild, (See fever root,) - Cohosh, black, Macrotys racemose, 50 - Cohosh, blue, (See pappoose root,) 25 - Cohosh, red, Actaea rubra, 50 - Cohosh, white, Actaea alba, 50 - Columbo root, Am., Frasera caroliniensis, - Coltsfoot, Tussilago farfara, 35 - Comfrey, Symphitum officinalis, 30 - Consumption brake, Botrychium fumaroides, - Coolwort, Mitella corifolia, 25 - Coral root, (See crawley,) - Corn snake root, (See button snake root,) - Coriander seed, Coriandrum sativum, 25 - Cough root, (See beth root,) - Cowparsnip leaves, Heracleum lanatum, 50 - " root, " " 50 - " seed, " " 50 - Cramp bark, Viburnum oxycoccus, 50 - Cranesbill, Geranium maculatum, 45 - Crawley, Corallorhiza adontorhiza, - Crowfoot, (See cranesbill,) - Cuckoo-bread, (See wood sorrel,) - Cucumber tree bark, Magnolia acuminata, - Culver’s root, Leptandria virginica, 1 00 - Cure-all, (See lemon balm,) - Daisy flowers, Crysanthemum leucanthemum, 25 - Dandelion herb, Leontodon taraxacum, 25 - " root, " " 40 - Devil’s bit, (See blazing star,) 75 - Dill seed, or dilly, Anethum graveolens, - Dittany, Cunila mariana, - Dock, broadleaf, Rumex obtusifolius, 50 - " yellow, " crispus, 30 - " water, " aquaticus, - Dogwood bark, (See boxwood,) - " round leaved, (See green osier,) - " swamp, (See rose willow,) - Dragon root, (See wild turnip,) - Dragon’s claw, (See crawley,) - Dropsy plant, (See lemon balm,) - Dwale, (See deadly nightshade,) - Elecampane, Inula helenium, 25 - Elder bark, Sambucus canadensis, 50 - " flowers, " " - " dwarf, Aralia hispida, 50 - " sweet, (See alder,) - Elm bark, Ulmus fulva, 30 - " ground, " " 30 - " flour, " " 50 - " superfine, " " 75 - Emetic herb, (See lobelia,) - Eve’s cup, (See side saddle,) - Euphorbia, (See Am. ipecac,) - False alder, (See black alder,) - Featherfew, (See feverfew,) 50 - Fennel seed, Anethum foeniculum, 50 - Fern, male or shield, Aspidium filix-mas, 50 - " meadow, (See sweet gale,) - " sweet, Comptonia asplenifolia, 25 - Fever bush, bark, Laurus benzoin, 50 - " leaves, " " 50 - Feverfew, Chrysanthemum partheium, 50 - Fever root, Triosteum perfoliatum, 50 - " twig, (See bittersweet,) - Fireweed, Senecio hieracifolius, 50 - Fishmouth, (See snakehead,) - Fit root, Monarda uniflora, 1 00 - Five finger, Potentilla canadensis, 50 - Flag lily, (See blue flag,) - Fleabane, Erigeron canadense, 25 - " Philadelphia (See scabious,) - Flower-de-luce, (See blue flag,) 50 - Flux root, (See Samson snake root,) - Foxglove, Digitalis purpurrea, 35 - Frostwort, Cistus canadensis, 40 - Fumitory Fumaria officinalis, - Garantogen, (See ginseng,) - Garget, (See poke,) - Garlic, Allium sativum, - Gay feather, (See button snake root,) - Gentian, Gentiana lutea, 25 - " blue or southern, (See Samson snake root,) - Gill-go-over-the-ground, (See ground ivy,) - Ginger Amomum xingiber, - " wild, (See Canada snake root,) - Ginseng, or ginsing, Panax quinquefolia, - Gold thread, Coptis trifolia, 1 00 - Golden rod, sweet, Solidago odora, 50 - Golden seal, Hydrastus canadensis, 50 - Goosefoot wormseed, (See wormseed,) - Goose-grass, (See cleavers,) - Ground lily, (See beth root,) - Gravel plant, Epigæa repens, - " root, (See queen of the meadow,) - Gum plant, (See comfrey,) - Hardback leaves, Spiræ tormentosa, 35 - Heal-all, Prunella vulgaris, - Healing herb, (See comfrey,) - Henbane, black, Hyosciamos niger, 75 - Boxwood bark, Cornus florida, 37 - Hellebore, black, Helleborus niger, - " fœtid, (See skunk cabbage,) - " white, Veratrum viride, 75 - Hemlock bark, ground, Pinus canadensis, 20 - " bark, flour, " " 25 - " leaves, " " 25 - " poison, (See cicuta leaves,) - High cranberry bark, (See cramp bark,) - Horehound, Marrubium vulgare, 40 - Hollyhock flowers, Althæa rosea, 50 - Honey-bloom, (See bitter root,) - Hoodwort, (See scullcap,) - Hops, Homulus lupolus, - Horse-balm, (See stone root,) - Horse-ginseng, (See fever root,) - Horsemint, Monarda punctata, - Horseradish leaves, Cochlearia armoracia, 25 - " root, " " 50 - Hyoscyamus, (See henbane,) - Hyssop, Hyssopus officinalis, - Indian arrow wood, (See Wa-a-hoo,) - " elm, (See slippery elm,) - " hemp, black, Apocynum canabinum, 75 - " " white, Asclepias incarnata, 75 - " tobacco, (See lobelia,) - " turnip, (See wild turnip,) - Indigo, wild, Baptisia tinctoria, 50 - Ipecac, milk, (See bitter root,) - " wild, (See fever root,) - Ink root, (See marsh rosemary,) - Ipecacuanha, Am., Euphorbia ipecacuanha, - Itch weed, (See white hellebore,) - Ivy, ground, Glechomo hedracea, 50 - Jacob’s ladder, Similax peduncularis, - Jamestown, or jimson weed, (See thorn apple,) - Job’s tears, Coix lachryma, - Joe-pye, (See boneset,) - Johnswort, Hypericum perforatum, 25 - King’s clover, (See melilot,) - Knob root, (See stoneroot,) - Knotgrass, Polygonum aviculare, - Labrador tea, Ledum latifolium, 40 - Ladies’ slipper, Cypripedium flavum, 75 - " sorrel, Oxalis carniculata, - Lamb kill, (See laurel,) - Larkspur herb, Delphinium consolidum, 50 - " seed, " " - Laurel leaves, Kalmia latifolia, 38 - Lavender flowers, Lavendula spica, 50 - Lavose, (See lovage,) - Leatherwood bark, Dirca palustris, - Leopard-bane, (See arnica,) - Lettuce, garden, Lactuca sativa, 50 - " wild, " elongata, 50 - Life-everlasting, (See sweet balsam,) 35 - Life of man, (See spikenard,) - Life root, Senecio aureus, - Lily, white pond, Nymphæ adorata, 50 - Lily, yellow pond, Nuphar advena, 50 - Linden flowers, (See tilia,) - Liquorice root, wild, (See sarsaparilla,) - Liverwort, or liver leaf, Hepatica triloba, 1 00 - Lobelia herb, Lobelia inflata, 40 - " seed, " " - Locust plant, (See senna,) - Lovage leaves, Ligusticum, levisticum, 50 - " root, " " 50 - " seed, " " - Lungwort, Variolaria faginea, 75 - Mad weed, (See scullcap,) - Maiden-hair, Adianthum pedatum, 35 - Male fern, Aspidium filix-mas, 50 - Mallow, low, Malva rotundifolia, 25 - " marsh, leaves, Althæa officinalis, 40 - " " root, " " 40 - Man root, Convolvulus panduratus, - Mandrake root, Podophyllum peltatum, - Maple, ground, (See alum root,) - " red or soft, Acer rubrum, - " striped, Acer striatum, - Marigold flowers, Calendula officinalis, 50 - Marjoram, sweet, Origanum marjorana, 75 - " wild, (See mountain mint,) - Marsh rosemary, Statice limonium, 50 - " trefoil (See buckbean,) - Masterwort, (See cowparsnip,) - May apple, (See mandrake,) - May weed, Anthemis cotula, 25 - Meadow cabbage root, (See skunk cabbage,) - " fern leaves and burs, (See sweet gale,) - " sweet, Spiræa salicifolia, - Mealy starwort, (See devil’s bit,) - Melilot, Melilotus alba, 50 - Mezereon, Am., (See leather-wood,) - Milfoil, (See yarrow,) - Milkweed root, Asclepias syraca, 50 - Misletoe, Viscum vercitillatum, - Mitrewort, (See coolwort,) - Mohawk weed, (See bellwort,) - Moldavian balm, (See sweet balm,) - Monarda, (See horsemint,) - Monkshood, (See aconite,) - Moosewood bark, (See striped maple,) - Motherwort, Leonorus cardiaca, 25 - Mountain box, (See uva ursi,) - " dittany, (See dittany,) - " flax, (See Seneca snake root,) - " mint, Origanum vulgare, 35 - Mouse ear, Gnaphaleum uliginosum, - Mouth root, (See gold thread,) - Mugwort, Artemisia vulgaris, 40 - Mullein herb, Verbascum thapsus, 25 - Mustard herb, black, Sinapsis nigrum, 20 - " white, " alba, 25 - Myrtle leaves, (See bayberry,) - Nanny-bush, bark, Viburnum lentago, 50 - Necklace weed, (See white cohosh,) - Nerve root, Cypripedium flavum, 75 - " water, (See white Indian hemp,) - Nettle flowers, Urtica dioica, 50 - " root, " " 50 - Nightshade, black, (See garden nightshade), - " bittersweet or } - woody, } (See bittersweet,) - " deadly, Atropa belladonna, 75 - " garden, Solanum dulcamara, - Ninsin, (See ginseng,) - Oak bark, black, Quercus tinctoria, 25 - " red, " rubra, 25 - " white, " alba, 20 - Oak of Jerusalem, Chenopodium botrys, 50 - Old man, (See southernwood,) - One berry, (See squaw vine,) - Origanum, (See horsemint,) - Osier bark, green, Cornus circinata, 40 - Osier, red, (See rose willow,) - Oswego tea, Monarda didyma, 50 - Ox-eye daisy, (See daisy,) - Pappoose root, Caulophyllum thalictroides, 30 - Parilla, yellow, (See yellow parilla,) - Parsley leaves, Apium petroselinum, 50 - " root, " " 50 - " seed, " " - Patridge-berry, (See squaw vine,) - Patience dock, Ramex paitentia, - " garden, " " - Peach bark, Amygdalus persica, - " leaves, " " - " pits, " " - Pennyroyal, Hedeoma pulegoides, 25 - Peony flowers, Pæonia officinalis, 50 - " root, " " 50 - Peppermint, Mentha piperita, 25 - Pepper, red or American, Copsicum annuum, - " bird, " baccatum, - " cayenne, Capsicum baccatum, - Petty-morrel, (See spikenard,) - Pigeon-berry, (See poke,) - Pilewort, Amaranthus hypocondriachus, 25 - Pine bark, white, Pinus strobus, 25 - Pipe plant, (See fit root,) - Pipsisseway, (See prince’s pine,) - Plantain leaves, Pantago major, 33 - " round leaved, " " - " spotted, Goodyera pubescens, - Pleurisy root, Asclepias tuberosa, - Poke berries, Phytolacca decandria, - " leaves, " " - " root, " " 25 - " Indian, (See white hellebore,) - Polypody, Polipodium vulgare, - Pool root, (See white sanicle,) - Poplar bark, Populus tremuloides, 25 - " white, (See whitewood,) - Poppy capsules, Papaver somniferum, 30 - " flowers, " " - " leaves, " " 33 - Primrose tree, (See scabish,) - Prince’s pine, Chimaphilla umbellata, 38 - Puccoon, red, (See bloodroot,) - " yellow, (See golden seal,) - Puke weed, (See lobelia,) - Pyramid flower, (See columbo,) - Queen of the meadow, herb, Eupatorium purpureum, 25 - " " " root, " " 40 - Queen’s delight, Stillingia sylvatica, - Ragweed, (See Roman wormwood,) - Raspberry leaves, Robus strigosus, 25 - Rattlesnake root, (See spotted plantain,) - Rattleweed, (See black cohosh,) - Red elm, (See slippery elm,) - Red-rod, (See rose willow,) - Red-root, (See bloodroot,) - Rheumatism weed, (See prince’s pine,) - Rheumatic weed, (See cocash,) - Rock brake, Pteris atropurpurea, 50 - " parsley, (See parsley,) - " rose, (See frostwort,) - Roman wormwood, Ambrosia artemisifolia, - Rose, damask, Rosa damascena, - " red, " gallica, - " pink, (See centuary,) - " willow, Cornus sericia, 38 - Rosemary leaves, Rosmarinus officinalis, 19 - Rue, Ruta graveolens, 50 - Saffron, Carthamus tinctorius, - Sage, Salvia officinalis, - Samson snake root, Gentiana catesbei, - Sanicle root, black, Sanicula marylandica, - " white, Eupatorium ageratoides, 40 - Sarsaparilla, American, Aralia nudicaulis, - " bristly stem, (See dwarf elder,) - Sassafras bark, (See sassafras,) - " flowers, " " 38 - " pith, Laurus " - Savin, Juniperus communis, 38 - Scabious, Erigeron philadelphicum, 25 - Scabious, sweet, Erigeron heterophyllum, 25 - Scabish, Œnothera biennis, 25 - Scammony, wild, (See man root,) - Scoke root, (See poke,) 25 - Scrofula plant, Scrophularia marilandica, 50 - Scullcap, Sentellaria laterifolia, 75 - Scurvy grass, Cochleria officinalis, 25 - Sea-thrift, (See marsh rosemary,) - Self-heal, (See heal-all,) - Senna, Am. or wild, Cassia marilandica, 30 - Sheep-berry, (See nanny bush,) - Side-saddle plant, Sarracenia purpurea, - Silkweed, (See milkweed,) - Simpler’s joy, (See vervain,) - Skunk-cabbage root, Ictodes fœtida, 35 - Smart weed, (See water pepper,) 25 - Swellage, (See lovage,) - Snagrel, (See Virg. snake root,) - Snakehead, (See balmony,) 30 - Snake root, black, (See black cohosh,) - " button, (See button snake root,) - " Canada, Asarum canadense, - " heart, (See Canada snake root,) - " rattte, (See spotted plantain,) - " Seneca, Polygala senega, - " Virginia, Aristolochia serpentaria, - " white, (See white sanicle,) - Snake weed, (See Virginia snake root,) - Snapping hazel-nut, (See witch hazel,) - Soapwort, Saponaria officinalis, 50 - Solomon’s seal, Convallaria multiflora, 50 - Solomon’s seal, small, Convallaria racemosa, - Sorrel, sheep or fidel, Rumex acetosellus, - " wood or mountain, Oxalis abrotanum, - Southernwood, Artemesia abrotanum, 50 - Spearmint, Mentha veridis, 25 - Speedwell, Virginia, Veronica officinalis, - Spice bush, Laurus benzoin, 40 - " berries, " " - Spignet, (See spikenard,) - Spikenard, Aralia racemosa, - " small, (See sarsaparilla,) - Spindle bush or tree, (See Wa-a-hoo,) - Spleenwort, Asplenium ebenum, - Split-rock, (See alum root,) - Spotted cardus, (See cardus,) 50 - " plantain, Goodyera pubescens, - Spurge, (See Am. ipecac,) - Square stalk, (See Oswego tea,) - Squaw root, (See blue cohosh,) - " vine, Mitchella repens, 50 - " weed, Senecio obovatus, 50 - Staff-vine, (See bittersweet,) - Starwort, drooping, (See unicorn,) - Steeple-bush, (See hardback,) - Stillingia, (See queen’s delight,) - Stinking weed, (See wormseed,) - Stone-root, Collinsonia canadensis, 25 - Stramonium, (See thorn apple,) - Strawberry leaves, Fragaria vesca, 50 - " vines, " " - Succory, wild, (See centaury,) - Sumach bark, Rhus glabra, 25 - " berries, " " 25 - " leaves, " " 25 - Summer savory, Satureja hortensis, 40 - Sunflower, garden, Helianthus annus, - " wild or rough, " divaricatus, - Suterberry, (See prickly ash,) - Swamp sassafras, (See green osier,) 50 - Sweat root, (See abscess root,) - Sweet bush, (See sweet fern,) - " clover, (See melilot,) - " elm, (See slippery elm,) - " fennel, (See fennel,) - " flag, Acorus calamus, 25 - " gale burs, Myrica gale, 50 - " " leaves, " " 50 - " rush, (See sweet flag,) - Tamarack bark, Pinus microcarpa, 25 - Tanzy, double, Tanacetum crispum, 25 - Tea-berry plant, (See wintergreen,) - Thimbleweed, Rudbeckia lacinata, 40 - Thistle, blessed, (See cardus, spotted,) 50 - Thoroughwort, (See boneset,) - Thorn apple leaves, Datura stramonium, 30 - " root, " " 40 - " seed, " " 30 - Throat root, (See Aven’s root,) - Thyme, Thymus serpyllus, 50 - " English, " vulgaris, 50 - Tilia flowers, Tylia glabra, - Toad lily, (See white pond lily,) - Toothache tree, (See prickly ash,) - Tormentilla, (See cranesbill,) - Traveler’s joy, (See virgin’s bower,) - Trumpet weed, (See wild lettuce,) - Tulip tree, (See whitewood,) - Turnip, wild, (See wild turnip,) - Umbil root, (See nerve root,) - Uncum, (See life root,) - Unicorn root, Helonias dioica, - Upland sumach, (See sumach,) - Uva-ursi, Arbutus uva-ursi, 25 - Valerian, Am., (See ladies’ slipper,) - " Greek, (See abscess root,) - Vervian, Verbena hastata, 25 - Vine maple, (See yellow parilla,) - Violet, blue, Viola cuculata, 50 - " canker, Viola rostrata, 50 - Virgin’s bower, Clematis virginiana, 40 - Wa-a-hoo bark, Euonymus atropurpureus, - Wake robin, (See wild turnip,) - Walnut bark, white, (See butternut bark,) 25 - " leaves, Carya alba, - " shucks, " " - Water bugle, (See sweet bugle,) - " cup, (See side-saddle plant,) - " horehound, Lycopus Europœus, - " dock, (See dock,) - " pepper, Polygonum punctatum, 25 - " shamrock, (See buckbean,) - Wax myrtle, (See bayberry,) - White leaf, (See hardhack,) - Whistle-wood, (See striped maple,) - White root, (See pleurisy root,) - " wood bark, Liriodendron tulipifera, 30 - Wickup, Epilobium spicatum, 50 - Wild tobacco, (See lobelia,) - " turnip, Arum tryphyllum, - Willow, pussey, (See pussey willow,) - " bark, white, Salix alba, - Winter bloom, (See witch hazel,) - " clover, (See squaw vine,) - " berry, (See black alder,) - Wintergreen, Gaultheria procumbens, 40 - Witch hazel bark, Hamamellis virginica, 40 - " leaves, " " 80 - Wolfsbane leaves, (See aconite,) - Wormseed, Chenopodium anthelminticum, 40 - Wormwood, Artemisia absynthium, 40 - Yarrow, Achillea millefolium, 25 - Yaw root, (See queen’s delight,) - Yellow broom, (See indigo,) - " parilla, Menisperimum canadense, - " wood, (See prickly ash.) - - And various kinds indigenous to our country. - - - - -SYNONYMS. - - - Alder, striped, see Witch hazel. - Apple, Peru, " Thorn apple. - Arbutus, trailing, " Gravel plant. - Arse-mart, " Water pepper. - Asthma weed, " Lobelia. - Balm, mountain, " Oswego tea. - Balm, red, " " " - Basil, wild, " Dittany. - Bear berry, " Uva-ursi. - Beccabunga, " Brooklime. - Bed-straw, " Cleavers. - Beech drops, " Cancer root plant. - Bee’s nest, " Wild carrot. - Belladonna, " Deadly nightshade. - Bind weed, " Man root. - Bitter clover, " Centaury. - Birth root, " Beth root. - Bitter herb, " Snakehead. - Balmony, " " - Bitter worm, " Buckbean. - Black root, " Culver’s root. - Black snake root, " Cohosh, black. - Blue-bells, " Abscess root. - Blue-berry, " Pappoose root. - Boneset, purple, " Queen of the meadow. - Bouncing Bet, " Soapwort. - Box-berry, " Wintergreen. - Bugloss, common, " Borage. - Butterfly weed, " Pleurisy root. - Cabbage, meadow or swamp, " Skunk cabbage. - Calamus, " Sweet flag. - Catchweed, " Cleavers. - Chamomile, " Mayweed. - Checkerberry, " Squaw vine. - Chocolate root, " Aven’s root. - Christmas rose, " Black hellebore. - Cinque foil, " Five fingers. - Cliff weed, " Alum root. - Clove garlic, " Garlic. - Clover, sweet, " Melilot. - Clustered Sol. seal, " Sol. seal, small. - Coakum, " Poke. - Cock-up hat, " Queen’s delight. - Coffee, wild, " Fever root. - Cohosh, blue, " Pappoose root. - Coral root, " Crawley. - Corn snake root, " Button snake root. - Cough root, " Beth root. - Crowfoot, " Cranesbill. - Cuckoo-bread, " Wood sorrel. - Cure-all, " Balm lemon. - Devil’s bit, " Blazing star. - Dogwood bark, " Boxwood bark. - Dogwood roundwood, } " Willow rose. - " swamp, } - Dragon root, " Wild turnip. - Dragon’s claw, " Crawley. - Dropsy plant, " Balm lemon. - Dwale, " Night shade, deadly. - Elder, sweet, " Elder. - Emetic herb, " Lobelia. - Eve’s cup, " Side-saddle. - Euphorbia, " American ipecac. - False alder, " Black alder. - Featherfew, " Feverfew. - Fern, meadow, " Sweet gale. - Fever twig, " Bittersweet. - Fishmouth, " Snakehead. - Flag lily, " Blue flag. - Fleabane, Philadelphia, " Scabious. - Fleur-de-lis, " Blue flag. - Flux root, " Samson snake root. - Garantogen, " Ginseng. - Garget, " Poke. - Gay feather, " Button snake root. - Gentian, blue or southern, " Samson snake root. - Gill-go-over-the-ground, " Ground ivy. - Ginger, wild, " Canada snake root. - Goose grass, " Cleavers. - Goosefoot wormseed, " Wormseed - Ground lily, " Bethroot. - Gravel root, " Queen of meadow. - Gum plant, " Comfrey. - Hellebore, fœtid, " Skunk cabbage. - Hemlock, poison, " Cicuta leaves. - Healing herb, " Comfrey. - High cranberry bark, " Cramp bark. - Honey bloom, " Bitter root. - Hoodwort, " Scullcap. - Horse balm, " Stone root. - " gentian, " Fever root. - Hyoscyamus, " Henbane. - Indian arrowwood, " Wa-a-hoo. - " elm, " Elm, slippery. - " tobacco, " Lobelia. - " turnip, " Wild turnip. - Ipecac, wild, " Fever root. - " milk, " Bitter root. - Itch weed, " White hellebore. - Jamestown weed, " Thorn apple. - Jimson weed, " " - Joe-pye, " Boneset. - King’s clover, " Melilot. - Knobs grass, " Stone root. - Lamb kill, " Laurel. - Lavoise, " Lovage. - Leopard bane, " Amica. - Life everlasting, " Sweet balsam. - Life of man, " Spikenard. - Linden flowers, " Basswood. - Liquorice, wild, " Sarsaparilla. - Locust plant, " Senna. - Mad weed, " Scullcap. - Maple, ground, " Alum root. - Marjoram, wild, " Mountain mint. - Marsh trefoil, " Buckbean. - Masterwort, " Cowparsnip. - May apple, " Mandrake. - Meadow cabbage, " Skunk cabbage. - " fern leaves and burs, " Sweet gale. - Mealy starwort, " Blazing star. - Megereon, American, " Leather wood. - Milfoil, " Yarrow. - Mitrewort, " Coolwort. - Mohawk-weed, " Bellwort. - Moldavian balm, " Balm, sweet. - Monarda, " Horsemint. - Monkshood, " Aconite. - Moosewood, " Maple, striped. - Mountain box, " Uva ursi. - " dittany, " Dittany. - " flax, " Seneca snake root. - Mouth root, " Goldthread. - Myrtle leaves, " Bayberry. - Necklace weed, " Cohosh, white. - Noah’s ark, " " " - Nerve root, water, " Indian hemp, white. - Nightshade, black, " Nightshade, garden. - " woody, " Bittersweet. - Ninsin, " Ginseng. - Old man, " Southernwood. - One berry, " Squaw vine. - Origanum, " Horsemint. - Ozier, red, " Rose willow. - Ox-eye daisy, " Daisy. - Partridge berry, " Squaw vine. - Patience, " Dock patience. - " garden, " " " - Petty-morrel, " Spikenard. - Pigeon berry, " Poke. - Pipe plant, " Fit root. - Pipsisseway, " Prince’s pine. - Poke, Indian, " White hellebore. - Pool root, " Sanicle. - Poplar, white, " White-wood. - Primrose tree, " Scabish. - Puccoon, red, " Blood root. - " yellow, " Golden seal. - Puke weed, " Lobelia. - Pyramid flower, " Columbo. - Pond dogwood, " Button bush. - Poplar, white and yellow, " White-wood. - Polecat weed, " Skunk cabbage. - Rattlesnake’s master, " Button snake root. - Battle bush, " Wild indigo. - Raccoon berry, " Mandrake. - Rose pink, " Centaury. - Ragweed, " Roman wormwood. - Rattlesnake root, " Spotted plantain. - Rattleweed, " Black cohosh. - Red elm, " Elm slip. - Red-rod, " Rose willow. - Rheumatism weed, " Prince’s pine. - Rheumatic weed, " Cocash. - Rook parsley, " Parsley. - " rose, " Frostwort. - Sarsaparilla, or bristly stem, " Elder, dwarf. - Scammony, wild, " Man root. - Scoke root, " Poke. - Sea-thrift, " Marsh rosemary. - Self-heal, " Heal-all. - Sheep-berry, " Nanny-bush. - Silkweed, " Milkweed. - Simpler’s joy, " Vervain. - Smart weed, " Water pepper. - Smallage, " Lovage. - Snagrel, " Virginia snake root. - Snake root, black, " Black cohosh. - " button, " Button snake root. - " heart, " Canada snake root. - " rattte, " Spotted plantain. - " white, " White sanicle. - Snake weed, " Virginia snake root. - Snapping hazel-nut, " Witch hazel. - Spignet, " Spikenard. - Spikenard, small, " Sarsaparilla. - Spindle bush, " Wa-a-hoo. - Split-rock, " Alum root. - Spotted cardus, " Cardus. - Spurge, " American ipecac. - Square stalk, " Oswego tea. - Squaw root, " Cohosh, blue. - Staff-tree, or vine, " Bittersweet, false. - Starwort, drooping, " Unicorn. - Steeple-bush, " Hardhack. - Stillingia, " Queen’s delight. - Stinking weed, " Wormseed. - Stramonium, " Thorn apple. - Succory, wild, " Centaury. - Suterberry, " Prickly ash. - Swamp sassafras, " Green osier. - Sweat root, " Abscess root. - Sweet bush, " Sweet fern. - " clover, " Melilot. - " elm, " Slippery elm. - " fennel, " Fennel. - " rush, " Sweet flag. - Scabwort, " Elecampane. - Stonemint, " Dettany. - Star root, " Blazing star. - Squawmint, " Pennyroyal. - Tea-berry plant, " Wintergreen. - Thistle, blessed, " Cardus. - Thoroughwort, " Boneset. - Throat root, " Aven’s root. - Toad lily, " Water pond lily. - Toothache tree, " Prickly ash. - Tormentilla, " Cranesbill. - Traveler’s joy, " Virgin’s bower. - Trumpet weed, " Wild lettuce. - Tulip tree, " White-wood. - Turnip, wild, " Wild turnip. - Turmeric, " G. celledine. - Tetterwort, " Blood root. - Tick weed, " Pennyroyal. - Umbil root, " Nerve root. - Uncum, " Life root. - Valerian, American, " Ladies’ slipper. - " Greek, " Abscess root. - Vine maple, " Yellow. - Wake robin, " Wild turnip. - Walnut bark, white, " Butternut bark. - Water bugle, " Sweet bugle. - " cup, " Side-saddle plant. - " horehound, " Archangel. - Wild lemon, " Mandrake. - Windwort, " Pleurisy. - White bay, " Swamp sassafras. - Water dock, " Dock water. - " shamrock, " Buckbean. - Wax myrtle, " Bayberry. - White leaf, " Hardhack. - Whistle-wood, " Striped maple. - White root, " Pleurisy root. - Wild tobacco, " Lobelia. - Winter bloom, " Witch hazel. - " clover, " Squaw vine. - " berry, " Black alder. - Wolfsbane, " Aconite. - Yaw root, " Queen’s delight. - Yellow broom, " Indigo, wild. - " wood, " Prickly ash. - - - - -ORDINARY EXTRACTS. - - - Common Names. Botanical Names. Per lb. - - Aconite Aconitum napellus $3 00 - Balm Gilead Populus balsamifera 2 00 - Bittersweet Solanum dulcamara 1 50 - Bitter-root Apocynum androsmiæfolium 3 00 - Boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum 1 50 - Beer, comp. of roots 1 50 - Burdock Arctium lappa 1 00 - Butternut Juglans cineria 1 00 - Borage Borage officinalis 2 00 - Chamomile Anthemis nobilis 3 00 - Cicuta Conium maculatum 1 00 - Clover, red Trifolium pratense 1 00 - Cowparsnip Heracleum lanatum 1 00 - Dandelion Leontodon taraxacum 1 00 - Foxglove Digitalis purpurea 2 50 - Garget, or poke Phytolacca decandria 1 50 - Gentian Gentiana lutea 1 50 - Harkhack Spiræa tormentosa 1 50 - Henbane Hyoscyamus niger 2 00 - Hellebore Helleborus fœtidus 2 00 - Hops Humulus lupulus 2 00 - Horehound Marrubium vulgare 2 00 - Lettuce, garden Lactuca sativa 1 00 - “ wild " elongata 1 00 - Motherwort Lenorurus cardiaca 1 00 - Mullein Verbascum thapsus 1 50 - Mandrake Podophyllum peltatum 2 00 - Nightshade, deadly Atropa belladonna 2 00 - “ garden Solunum dulcamara 2 50 - Oak bark Quercus alba 1 00 - Peach Amygdalus persica 2 00 - Poplar Populus tremuloides 1 00 - Poppy Papaver somniferum 2 00 - Prince’s pine Chimaphilla umbellata 1 50 - Rue Ruta graveolens 1 50 - Sarsaparilla Aralia nudicaulis - " comp. “ " &c. 1 50 - Savin Juniperus sabina 1 50 - Snakehead, or balmony Chelone glabra 1 50 - Senna Cassia marilandica 1 50 - Sorrel Rumex acetosa 2 00 - Tomato Solanum lycopersicum 1 50 - Thorn apple Datura stramonium 1 00 - Uva-ursi Arbutus uva-ursi 2 00 - Water pepper Polygonum punctatum 1 00 - Wintergreen Gaultheria procumbens 2 00 - White walnut Juglans cineria 1 00 - Wormwood Artemesia absinthium 1 50 - Yellow dock Rumex crispus 1 00 - Yarrow Achillea millefolium 1 00 - - - - -DOUBLE DISTILLED AND FRAGRANT WATERS. - - - Per gallon. - Rose, $1 25 - Peach, 75 - Cherry, 75 - Sassafras, 75 - Peppermint, 50 - Spearmint, 50 - Elder Flower, 50 - -Also, any other kinds distilled to order. - - -OINTMENTS. - - Common Names. Botanical Names. - Bittersweet, Celastri. - Cicuta, Conii. - Cocculus indicus, Cocculi. - Elder, Sambuci. - Hellebore, Veratri albi. - Hallow marsh, Althæa. - Meadow fern, Myrica. - Poplar, Populi. - Savin, Sabinæ. - Thorn-apple, Stramonii. - Tobacco, Tabaci. - Yellow dock, Rumex. - -I am prepared to furnish any of the foregoing medicines, extracts, -etc., on short notice. Address, “St. Vincent de Paul, Lower Canada." -They may also be had of PECK & CO., New-York. - - - - -PROPERTIES EXPLAINED. - - - Acrid--biting, caustic. - Alterative--which establishes the healthy functions. - Anodyne--quieting, easing pain. - Anti-bilious--correcting the bile. - Anti-lithic--preventing the formation of gravel, or stone. - Aperient--laxative, or gently cathartic. - Anti-septic--against or preventing mortification. - Anti-scorbutic--useful in scurvy. - Anti-spasmodic--against spasm, calming nervous irritation. - Aromatic--agreeable, spicy. - Astringent--shortening the fibres, strengthening. - Balsamic--mild, healing, stimulant. - Carminative--expelling wind. - Cathartic--purgative, cleansing the bowels. - Demulcent--sheathing, lubricating, preventing irritation. - Deobstruent--bettering the secretions, or removing obstructions. - Diaphoretic--producing insensible perspiration. - Discutient--dissolving, discussing. - Diuretic--increasing the urine. - Emetic--causing vomiting. - Emollient--softening, causing warmth and moisture. - Errhine--discharging at the nostrils. - Expectorant--producing a discharge from the lungs. - Febrifuge--dispelling fever, allaying fever heat. - Herpetic--curing skin diseases. - Narcotic--stupafying, procuring sleep. - Nerving--strengthening the nerves. - Pectoral--useful in diseases of the lungs. - Refrigerant--diminishing animal temperature. - Rubefacient--producing heat and redness of the skin. - Stimulant--exciting action on the system. - Stomachic--good for the stomach. - Styptic--preventing bleeding. - Sudorific--causing sweat. - Tonic--permanently strengthening the system. - Vermifuge--destroying worms. - - - - -RECOMMENDATIONS. - - -We, the undersigned, have employed Madame Young, in our families, and -for ourselves, and have been witnesses of many cures effected by her -treatment in various diseases, which had baffled eminent physicians. We -cheerfully recommend her to all afflicted. - - A. SAUNIER, French Priest, - H. SCRANTOM, - JOHN S. MARLOW, Att’y at law, - Mrs. S. RICHARDSON, - Mrs. KEELER, - THOS. GALVIN, - Mrs. PARKER, - J. A. THORNTON, - A. C. WAY, - Dr. J. NARAMORE, - THOS. WEDDLE - J. CORRIS, - R. STONE, - D. DAVIS. - - Rochester, March 2d, 1854. - -This is to certify, that my daughter Maria, aged nine years, was so -afflicted with scrofula that her ears were eat through into her head, -and her face, neck, and head, was a mass of corruption; she became -blind, and had fits. I had employed every skillful physician in this -city, and elsewhere, and patent medicine, to no avail. When Madame -Young came into this city, we were prevailed upon to try her medicine, -as she had wrought so many wonderful cures here. We employed her, and, -thanks be to my Heavenly Father, in two months my beloved daughter was -healed. Madame Young is a true Christian--skillful in the healing art. -We recommend her to all afflicted, as the only sure way to health. - - Rochester, N. Y., Sept. 6, 1854. W. H. SPRING. - -I hereby certify, that the treatment of Mrs. Young, with roots, has -done me much good; my stomach has been weak for a great many years. -Only fifteen days since, I commenced using roots given me by said lady, -and I am impelled to-day to testify, that within twenty years I have -not been as well--so easy, so refreshed through my whole system. If I -so testify, it is because of my hope that many of the Rochesterians -will probably experience, as I do, the unutterable pleasure of finding -themselves, in a few days, restored from a weakly condition of body, -to the freshness of health. This reminds me of what I was often -told--namely, that the men of long bygone days lived so long, because -their thorough knowledge in using these roots of the earth--simple, -natural physics from our bountiful God. - - Rev. A. SAUNIER, French Priest, - Ely Street, Rochester, N. Y. - - -This may certify, that we, the subscribers, have employed Madame Young -in our families, in the treatment and cure of various diseases; and -that her management--particularly in chronic diseases which had baffled -the skill of the most distinguished physicians--has been eminently -successful, and highly satisfactory. For several years we have been -acquainted with her character, and, knowing her to be worthy of -confidence, we cheerfully recommend her to those who may stand in need -of her services, as a truly devoted Christian and skillful physician. -For seven years she was presiding physician over the Shakers’ Society -at New Lebanon, N. Y. - - PETER STRONG, Barre, Mass. - JOHN HOWE, - ROBERT STEVENS, - MARY JONES, - ELIZA A. THOMPSON, - PER’A A. BUTTERFIELD, - JONAS BLOSS, - L. H. RICE, - JOHN DELAND, Jr., - Dea. SAM’L P. HOLLAND, - JOHN SIMMONS, Esq., - ELIJAH HILDRETH, - JACOB P. HUBBARD, - MOSES WHITE, - R. SIBLEY, - I. I. RANDAL, - Capt. SETH WILLIAMS. - - Petersham, Mass., March 5, 1850. - -This is to certify, that my husband has been afflicted for nine years -with the asthma, and several physicians who have attended him gave him -over as past help, and must die of consumption. He has been obliged -to spend several hours, on a cold winter’s night, with his breast -upon the sill of the open window, to get his breath. I have called my -friends and neighbors, as I supposed, to see him die. But, through the -instrumentality of Mrs. Young, and the blessing of Providence, he has -been restored to a comfortable state of health. “The wind bloweth where -it listeth; we hear the sound thereof, and we cannot tell whence it -cometh nor whither it goeth; so is every one that is born of God.” And -this seems the case with Madame Young. - - Rochester, N. Y. - ANN NURSE, FRANCIS NURSE. - -This may certify, that I was afflicted nine years with scrofula, -diseases of the throat and glands, in breathing--called by physicians -bronchitis, asthma, neuralgia, and six years with tic doloreaux. -Consulted twenty-two physicians, and have been under the immediate care -of fifteen, and I obtained no permanent cure, but a little partial -relief, which was not of long continuance. All gave me up as incurable, -and prescribed only opium, internally and externally. At this time, my -friends concluded that before another year they must convey me to an -Insane Hospital for life, at the age of 32. - -Thanks to my Heavenly Father, we heard of the many blessings that had -been conferred through the instrumentality of Madame Young. As the last -recourse we sent for her, and she, with her indefatigable zeal for the -relief of suffering humanity, soon removed the cause, by renovating -the blood; and I am, after following her prescriptions three months, -perfectly well, and have not taken any medicine for one year. I write -this rather long testimonial, to encourage invalids to put entire -confidence in Madame Young, as she is truly pious, and a skillful -physician. - -Given under my hand, at Spencer, Mass., February 20th, 1850. - - ELEANOR P. BUSH. - -I certify, that my wife has been in a feeble state of health for eight -years; was at first attacked with typhus fever, and brought very low. -Since, according to the opinion of many noted physicians, who have -attended upon her, she has been afflicted with the spinal disease, -neuralgia, &c., which baffled their skill, and yielded not to their -medicine. Six weeks since she was again taken down with the typhus -fever, and was very much reduced, when she employed Madame Young. She -now enjoys a very good degree of health. The disease which has so long -afflicted her, with its attendant difficulties has been made to yield, -and she now enjoys the greatest of temporal blessings--good health. - - Petersham, Mass., March 1, 1850. - Rev. J. SHEPARDSON. - - -This is to certify, that my wife has been in a state of ill health -for four years, with pains and a cough, and scrofula internally and -externally. Eminent physicians and patent medicines were tried, to no -avail. Finally, as medicine rather irritated, we gave up, and concluded -she must die. Hearing of the many remarkable cures of our friends by -Madame Young’s syrups, we employed her, and I can in gratitude thank my -Heavenly Father that my wife is well, and can attend to the duties of -our family. - - JONATHAN RING. - Chesterfield, April 20, 1847. - -With feelings of gratitude toward God, and for the benefit of my own -sex, I publish the following: In the year 1840, I was taken with a -pain in my spine, and faintness, had fits, and my bowels were in a -constipated state. I grew worse daily, and new diseases came upon -me--scrofula, chronic rheumatism, with prolapsus uteri. Year 1848, -I was unable to help myself in the least. In March, 1848, I was -recommended to Madame Young, and as physicians had given me up as -incurable, I sent for her, as the last resource; and I can say with -truth, in less than five months I could go about and attend to the -duties of my family. - - Given under my hand, at Chesterfield, Jan. 25, 1849. - SARAH BARNARD. - -It is with pleasure that I am permitted to add my testimony to the -many in favor of Madame Young, as possessed of skill in determining -the character of diseases and in applying the remedy, especially -such diseases as are common to females. My wife was troubled with -the prolapsus uteri, and scrofula and dropsy for a number of years, -and spent much time and money in seeking relief from physicians, but -found it not, until, in the Providence of God, she was permitted to -see Madame Young, in whom she found a friend and physician indeed, and -was soon constrained to feel that there was “balm in Gilead” for the -afflicted. Suffice it to say, that she was restored to that degree of -health, which for years she had been a stranger to. I can heartily -recommend Madame Young to all the afflicted of Adam’s race. - - Petersham, March 6, 1850. - THOMAS T. JENKS. - -This may certify: I was afflicted with dropsy, was given up by -physicians as incurable; having had the canker rash and measles four -years previous, which had settled in my joints, so that I could not -bend them; pronounced by physicians, rheumatic gout. I was also -afflicted with shortness of breath, spasms, &c. At this time, I had a -son troubled much with diabetes. I was in despair of ever seeing my son -well. When Madame Young came to this village, Sept. 12th, I applied to -her; she attended my family three months, and I can say in truth I have -laid aside crutches and cane, and am able to do a good day’s work on my -farm; my son is restored to health, thanks be to my Heavenly Father. - -I recommend this truly good Samaritan to old and young, as she never -lost a child placed under her medical care, after the physicians gave -them up to die. - - JOHN HOW. - Barre, Mass., March 2, 1850. - -This certifies, that my daughter, Phebe A. Jones, aged four years, -has been severely afflicted with scrofulous affections in the neck, -so that her head was drawn on one side, thereby causing much pain -and suffering; and after being doctored and operated upon by the -best physicians and surgeons in this city, was given up by them as -incurable, they not being able to afford her the least relief. - -I was recommended to Madame Young, who, in less than eight weeks, cured -her of every vestige of disease, and she now enjoys the most perfect -health. This certificate is given in the hope that others afflicted may -know where to find relief. - - JOHN JONES. - Albany, Feb. 16, 1849. - -We, the subscribers, hereby certify that we have employed the bearer, -Madame Young, personally in our families, in the treatment and cure of -diseases; that her course has been entirely satisfactory, especially in -chronic complaints. We recommend her to the afflicted, as possessing -much skill in the healing art. - - PHILIP R. GIFFORD, - PHILO TEMPLE, - ALFRED PERKINS, - W. R. WILSON, - EUNICE H. CLAPP, - S. W. LEAVITT, - M. C. GRAVES, - NATHANIEL JENNINGS, - Capt. OLIVER SAGE, - ELECTA GRAVES, - DAVID HENRY, - BETSEY HENRY. - - Greenfield, Franklin Co., Mass., Oct., 1849. - - * * * * * - -Transcriber's Notes - -Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected. - -Hyphenation has been standardised to ensure compatibility between the -various lists and index. - -The following changes have been made: - - Sodorific and sudorific are used indiscriminately in the book, and has - been Standardised on the accepted spelling of sudorific. - - On pages 17, 21 and 46 Hooping cough corrected to Whooping cough - - page 60 and keep hot niac hours, niac has been changed to nine - - page 153 never do have the parson’s wife, changed to never do to have - the parson’s wife - -Alternative spellings are used for various herbs e.g. hoarhound and -horehound. These remain together with all other variations in spelling. - -The Erratum has been implemented. - -Italics are represented thus _italic_ and bold thus =bold=. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Madame Young's Guide to Health, by -Madame Young and Amelia Young - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MADAME YOUNG'S GUIDE TO HEALTH *** - -***** This file should be named 53875-0.txt or 53875-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/3/8/7/53875/ - -Produced by MFR, Les Galloway and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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