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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..915e8ae --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #53093 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/53093) diff --git a/old/53093-8.txt b/old/53093-8.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 5055825..0000000 --- a/old/53093-8.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4829 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Defence of Lucknow, by T. F. (Thomas -Fourness) Wilson - - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - - -Title: The Defence of Lucknow - A Diary Recording the Daily Events during the Siege of the European Residency from 31st May to 25th September, 1857 - - -Author: T. F. (Thomas Fourness) Wilson - - - -Release Date: September 19, 2016 [eBook #53093] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE DEFENCE OF LUCKNOW*** - - -E-text prepared by Brian Coe, Chris Pinfield, and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made -available by Internet Archive (https://archive.org) - - - -Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this - file which includes the original map. - See 53093-h.htm or 53093-h.zip: - (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/53093/53093-h/53093-h.htm) - or - (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/53093/53093-h.zip) - - - Images of the original pages are available through - Internet Archive. See - https://archive.org/details/TheDefenceOfLucknow - - -Transcriber's note: - - Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). - - Small capitals have been replaced by full capitals. - - - - - - -[Illustration: - -PLAN OF -THE ENTRENCHED POSITION -OF THE BRITISH GARRISON -AT LUCKNOW. - -1857. - -Published by Smith, Elder & Co., Cornhill London 1858.] - - - - -THE DEFENCE OF LUCKNOW. - -A Diary Recording the Daily Events during the Siege of the European -Residency - -From 31st May to 25th September, 1857. - -BY A STAFF OFFICER - -With a Plan of the Residency. - -SECOND EDITION. - - - - - - - -London: -Smith, Elder, and Co., 65 Cornhill. -1858. - -The right of translation is reserved. - -London -Printed by Spottiswoode and Co. -New-Street Square. - - - - -ADVERTISEMENT. - - -The Author of this work desiring, for military reasons, to withhold his -name, the Publishers feel it due to the public to vouch for the -authenticity of the "Diary," by stating that the Author is an officer of -the Staff of the Anglo-Indian Army, and was in Lucknow during the whole -of the siege; as, indeed, will be apparent from the full details he has -given of all that transpired in the garrison. - -They beg to add that the only alteration made by them is the -substitution of the most recent and complete list of the killed and -wounded during the defence, as given in the "Homeward Mail," for the -list appended to the MS. They have also added the eloquent despatch of -Brigadier Inglis, recording the services of the garrison. - - 65, CORNHILL: - _Feb. 25th, 1858_. - - - - - DIARY OF - EVENTS AT LUCKNOW. - - -For about ten days previous to the outbreak, daily reports were made -that an _émeute_ was intended, and Sir H. M. Lawrence had ordered all -kinds of stores to be purchased and stored in the "Muchee Bhawun" and -the City Residency. But latterly the intelligence began to excite less -attention, as so many days had passed away which had been named for the -outbreak. On the evening of the 30th May, however, a sepoy of the 13th -Native Infantry, who had shortly before received a reward from Sir Henry -Lawrence for having assisted in the capture of a spy, came to Captain -Wilson of the 13th Native Infantry, Assistant Adjutant-General, and said -he could not help reporting that there would be a rising amongst the -sepoy regiments, to be commenced in the lines of the 71st Native -Infantry that evening at about 8 or 9 P.M.; but he was not certain at -what hour. His manner in giving this information was _earnest_ and -_impressive_. - -On that evening everything went on as usual; all remained quiet in the -cantonments, where Sir Henry Lawrence was residing. Some days previously -the ladies and children had been removed to the Residency in the city, -which place had already been occupied by a party of the 32nd Foot and -two guns. The 9 P.M. gun was fired, and was evidently the preconcerted -signal for the mutiny; for a few minutes after, whilst Sir Henry -Lawrence and his staff were at dinner at the Residency, a sepoy came -running in and reported a disturbance in the lines. Two shots were heard -in the 71st lines. The horses of the staff were at once ordered, and -they proceeded to the lines. On the way, more dropping shots were heard -from the left of the 71st lines. The party arrived in the camp, where -about 300 men of Her Majesty's 32nd, with four guns of Major Kaye's -battery, and two guns of the Oude Irregular Force were posted, and found -them all on the alert. These were posted in a position on the extreme -right of the 71st lines (the whole front of which they swept), and they -were also contiguous to the road leading from cantonments to the city. - -Sir Henry Lawrence immediately took two guns and a company of the 32nd -with him on the road leading to the town, and there took post; thereby -blocking up the road, and effectually cutting off all access to the -city. He sent back soon after for reinforcements of the Europeans and -for two more guns. In the meantime, the officers of the several -regiments had proceeded at once to their respective lines. Bands of -insurgents had meanwhile made their way amongst the officers' bungalows, -keeping up as they went a desultory fire, which prevented many from -passing the roads towards the lines. One of the first of these parties -made straight for the mess house of the 71st Native Infantry, whence the -officers had escaped but a few minutes before. They exhibited great -bloodthirstiness, making every search for the officers, and ending by -firing the house. On several shots being fired from the 71st lines on -the 32nd Foot and guns, the order was given to open with grape; on which -a rush was made by the sepoys to the rear; when they passed the infantry -picket, which is situate in the centre of cantonments. The picket was -under the command of Lieutenant Grant of the 71st Native Infantry. His -men remained with him till the mutineers were close upon him. They then -broke; but the subadar of the guard, and some men of the 13th and 48th -Regiments, composing the guard, tried to save him by placing him under a -bed. A man of the 71st Native Infantry, who was on guard with him, -however, discovered the place of his concealment to the mutineers, and -he was there brutally murdered--receiving no less than fifteen bayonet -wounds, besides some from musket balls. - -From the first, Lieutenant Hardinge, taking with him some few sowars of -his Irregular Cavalry, patrolled up and down the main street of the -cantonments, and went to the officers' messes on the chance of saving -any lives. In the compound of the 71st mess, he was fired at by a -mutineer, who then rushed upon him with his bayonet, which pierced his -arm. More than once the cantonments were thus patrolled by Lieutenant -Hardinge under a smart fire, with the same humane intentions; but not in -sufficient force to prevent the burning and plundering of the officers' -bungalows, and of the bazaars. The excitement in the lines continued; -while the 32nd remained quietly in position, awaiting the advent of the -remnants of the regiments who had remained true to their colours. A -remnant of the 13th Native Infantry, about 200 men, with colours and -treasure, came up; and, according to previous arrangement, joined and -fell in on the right of the 32nd. A small portion of the 71st, without -being able to save their colours or their treasure, (through the -disaffection of the native officer on duty,) also came up and took post -next the 32nd Foot. Of the 48th, nothing was heard till 10 A.M. next -day. About 10 o'clock P.M. many of the mutineers had made their way up -to some empty artillery lines, outside the 71st Native Infantry lines, -whence they commenced firing. Brigadier Handscomb, who had come up from -the rear of the 71st lines, was killed by a stray shot from this place: -just as he had reached the left flank of the 32nd, he fell dead off his -horse. The bungalows throughout the cantonments were most of them on -fire. No attempt was subsequently made to attack the position. To secure -the Residency bungalow, and that portion of the cantonment next the city -road, 4 guns and a company and a half were taken up to the cantonment -Residency, and the guns placed at each gate. All was now quiet, and the -remainder of the night passed away without any further event. Nothing -had been seen or heard of the 48th Native Infantry. Many officers had -most wonderful escapes from death. Lieutenant and Adjutant Chambers of -the 13th Native Infantry, was severely wounded in the leg, whilst -effecting his escape from the magazine where he had taken a guard of his -regiment. - - -_May 31st._--At daylight, the force, consisting of some companies of Her -Majesty's 32nd Foot, and the remnants of the native regiments, about 100 -men 71st, and 220 men 13th Native Infantry, with part of the 7th -Cavalry, and four guns, advanced down the parade in front of the lines -of the several regiments. From the lines of the 13th Native Infantry -about fifty men came, and said they had saved the magazine of that -regiment. Hearing that the body of the rebels had retired towards the -race course, where they had plundered the lines of the 7th Cavalry, and -murdered Cornet Raleigh of that regiment (who had been left there sick) -the whole force of cavalry and infantry, with four guns, proceeded -thither, leaving Colonel Case with a portion of the 32nd in position in -cantonments. On arriving in the open plain, a body of about 1200 men -were seen in line in the distance, drawn up to the race course. Many of -the cavalry galloped over at once to the insurgents. The guns then -opened with round shot, which dispersed them, and they made the best of -their way across country, followed immediately by the cavalry and guns, -and, at a greater distance by the infantry. No opportunity offered for -the guns to again open, owing to the celerity of their flight; but the -cavalry hovered round and took about sixty prisoners, who were brought -into cantonments. The pursuit continued in the same order until the guns -were stopped by a nullah, over which they could not cross. The cavalry, -however, continued their pursuit; and kept it up for some ten miles. By -10 A.M. the force had returned to cantonments, as the heat was excessive. - -As most of the bungalows were burned (the officers having lost -everything) the troops were moved into camp,--the 32nd and guns into the -position they held formerly; the native regiments next them on the -right; and in the following order:--13th next the 32nd, the 71st next, -then the 48th, with the 7th Cavalry on the extreme right. The usual -guards were kept by the native regiments, and the cantonments regularly -occupied. Owing to this, the neighbouring country seemed to be -reassured. Supplies came in regularly, and in plenty. The exertions of -all were redoubled to complete the defences, and collect stores and -supplies in Muchee Bhawun and the city Residency. The former post, -originally occupied by the dependants of the late king, had been -selected by Sir Henry Lawrence as a fitting place of security and -retreat, in case matters took an unfavourable turn. On the 16th of May, -immediately on the receipt of intelligence from Meerut of the -commencement of the outbreak, this stronghold, then in a very -dilapidated condition, was occupied by the light company of the 13th and -some guns, and measures were taken for its thorough cleansing. Supplies -continued to be brought in and stored. - -On the evening of the day on which the troops returned from the pursuit -of the rebels, an insurrection took place in the city towards -Hosainabad; the standard of the prophet was raised, and other means of -religious persuasion used to excite the populace. The police of the -city, under the energetic superintendence of Captain Carnegie, behaved -well, and the movement was at once quelled, and the standard taken. News -of the _émeute_ at this place had by this time reached the district, and -the rising of the neighbouring stations was to be looked for. - -On the afternoon of the 4th June, parties of ladies and officers of the -41st Native Infantry, escorted by about twenty-five men of the regiment, -who had remained faithful, came in, bringing the news of the mutiny at -Seetapore, and of the deaths of Lieutenant-Colonel Birch, commanding the -regiment there, of Mr. Christian, and of other civilians and ladies. On -the 5th, news came of the mutiny at Cawnpore, but no particulars. -Reports of all kinds were rife among the Bazaars; but no authentic -intelligence could be procured, as the telegraph wire was cut. From -Benares the news came in of the 37th Native Infantry having mutinied, -and of their having been overpowered by the rest of the force there. But -nothing further transpired, for from that day to the 10th instant, the -communication was _in toto_ interrupted. - - -_June 10th._--The defences at the city Residency, as well as the Muchee -Bhawun, were increased, and houses and buildings around them began at -once to be demolished. Large stacks of firewood were made, and houses -and tents set apart for the occupation of the European refugees, who -were arriving from the districts daily. Provisions of all sorts -continued to be stored, including 110 hogsheads of beer just arrived -from Cawnpore. - -Besides the two important posts noted above, the range of buildings -towards the Hosainabad quarter of the town were occupied by 2000 police -under the direction of Captain Carnegie; a thousand more were ordered to -be raised, and officers of the 41st were put in command of each of the -police battalions. This day we heard, by native report, that General -Wheeler was defending himself in the entrenchments at Cawnpore; but no -letter was received. - - -_June 11th._--Early this morning a false alarm was brought in from the -Cawnpore road, that the enemy was upon us. Captain Evans, who had been -sent out to gain information, returned with the above report, which -created for a short period some needless alarm. We continued hard at -work getting in supplies and adding to our defences. Many vague reports -of disturbances were in circulation to-day. - - -_June 12th._--On this day an instance of disaffection from within the -camp occurred. The regiment of military police, commanded by Captain -Orr, mutinied in a body, rushed to their lines, seized their arms, and -then set off in the direction of Cawnpore, giving themselves no time to -inflict any damage in their quarter of the city. So great was their -haste, that they failed to empty their own barracks, and left behind -them their clothes and baggage. Information of this was given to -headquarters; on which two guns of Major Kaye's battery, two companies -of Her Majesty's 32nd, and some seventy Seikhs of the 1st Oude Irregular -Cavalry, the whole under the command of Colonel Inglis, were despatched -after them. They were pursued for some eight miles before they were come -up with, and it was only by pushing on the cavalry and guns, without -waiting for the slower movements of the infantry, that they were -overtaken at all. - -The guns opened fire as soon as practicable; they had come up well over -some difficult ground, but their horses were, in consequence, so done -up, that there was some difficulty in taking up the most desirable -position. Once the cavalry charged well, but neither the result of their -charge, nor of the practice of the artillery, was such as might have -been expected. The enemy's loss was not exactly ascertained, but it was -supposed that they had some twenty killed, and ten prisoners were -brought in. Of Captain Forbes's men, two Pathans were killed on the -spot; and some others, including a gallant old native officer, wounded. -Mr. Thornhill, of the civil service, charging with them, was also -wounded. All this time the infantry were far behind, unable to get up. A -village lay to the front, in which many of the insurgents had taken -refuge. Colonel Inglis forbade its bombardment, as it would have -entailed much injury to innocent villagers; and the evening was, by that -time, so far advanced, that the measure would probably not have sufficed -to dislodge the mutineers. - -About an hour remained to sunset; the guns and cavalry were a long way -from the infantry, and many miles further from home. A return movement -was therefore ordered, and accomplished successfully: the whole force -returned about 8 o'clock, having gone over some sixteen or eighteen -miles of ground. - -The Europeans had marched well to the front. It was a hard day's work -for them, and two men were lost from apoplexy, for the heat was dreadful. - -On this day the horses of the men of the 7th Cavalry were brought down -and picketed close to the Baillie Guard; as, with a very few exceptions, -the 13th, 48th, and 71st Regiments of Native Infantry and 7th Cavalry -had been ordered to proceed on leave till October, and their arms and -accoutrements were brought down and deposited in the Residency. (Vide -No. 1 in the Appendix.) - - -_June 13th._--Shot and shell both brought down to the garrison from -Muchee Bhawun (about three-quarters of a mile). Unabated exertions to -add to the defences of the garrison. - -The 13th Regiment of Native Infantry, 170 rank and file, came down from -cantonments and encamped in the Residency compound. Ineffectual efforts -to blow down the _Furrahd Buksh_ Gateway. Three or four cases of cholera -occurred at Fort Muchee Bhawun. Officers' servants began to desert. -Intelligence was received from Fyzabad of the mutiny of all the troops -there. Heat beyond endurance. Garrison in good spirits, and much elated -at the brush after the Police Corps. Little reliance was placed in -natives, and every possible precaution was taken to prevent any -treachery. The native gunners, both in the Residency and at the Muchee -Bhawun, were so posted as to be under the immediate fire of the -Europeans, who watched them carefully both day and night. An officer was -on duty at the gate all day long, to observe all incomers, and to -prevent arms being brought in by others than those who had received -passes. - - -_June 14th._--Supplies of shot and shell brought in from Muchee Bhawun. -Every exertion made to increase the defences of the garrisons. No -reliable intelligence was procurable of the state of affairs at -Cawnpore. Many idle rumours afloat, but not corroborated, with regard to -a reinforcement of Europeans having arrived at that station from the -north-west. Heat excessive. Several cases of cholera and smallpox. A few -cases of the former disease proved fatal in Muchee Bhawun. Hardinge's -corps still steady. About 200 of the Oude Irregular Cavalry deserted -last night. - - -_June 15th._--A hundred barrels of gunpowder brought from the Muchee -Bhawun, and buried in the Residency enclosure. Shot and shell continued -to be brought into garrison from Muchee Bhawun. Uncovenanted -servants were drilled with muskets. A tragic event occurred this -day:--Serjeant-major K., 7th Light Cavalry, shot with a pistol, -Riding-master Edridge, 7th Light Cavalry, in the heat of an argument. -The riding-master died a few hours after. No reliable intelligence was -procured from Cawnpore, though vague reports were in circulation. The -death of Lieutenant-Colonel Fisher, commanding 15th Irregular Cavalry, -by the hands of his own men, was reported. - -Captain Gall's servant returned to the garrison this day, reporting his -master's death, which took place by stratagem, and by the hands of his -own men. Captain Gall was proceeding in disguise _en route_ to -Allahabad, with twelve sowars of his own corps, and had proceeded about -fifty miles on his way, when his murder took place. All officers of the -cantonments were ordered down to the garrison, with the exception of the -commanding officers and regimental staff. Twenty-three lacs of rupees -were buried close in front of the Residency, for security, and to avoid -the necessity of guards and sentries over it. Rum and porter (one-half) -was received into the Residency from Muchee Bhawun. Fever was prevalent. -The Seikhs of the 13th Native Infantry, numbering about fifty men, were -formed, at their own request, into a company, under the command of -Captain Germon, and sent to Muchee Bhawun. Spare clothing of the 13th -was brought in from cantonments. Continued efforts were made to blow up -the Furrah Buksh Gate. The flooring of the first story fell in this day. - - -_June 16th._--A quantity of shot and shells came in from Muchee Bhawun; -also an 18-pounder gun. The shot was piled, as far as possible. On this -date, there were seven 18-pounders in position. The whole day was -expended in working hard at a battery in a position commanding the -Cawnpore-road, and in unroofing houses, burying powder, &c. The gate -leading into the Furrah Buksh came down in the course of the forenoon -with a great crash, after many futile attempts had been made for its -destruction. This was an important point gained, as the Residency -compound was quite commanded from the top of this gate. - -This morning, twenty-two conspirators, emissaries from Benares and -elsewhere, who had been sent to corrupt the troops at this place, were -captured in a house in the centre of the city. Information having been -given to Captain Hughes, commanding the 4th Irregular Infantry, he -directed two staunch native officers to put themselves on the watch, and -to pretend participation in the disaffection. This they did, and by this -means, with Captain Carnegie's assistance, Captain Hughes was enabled to -effect the capture of these inciters to mutiny. They were forthwith -brought to a drum-head court-martial and the whole of them condemned to -death. - - -_June 17th._--This morning, four of the men sentenced yesterday, were -hanged at the Muchee Bhawun; the remaining eighteen were liberated, as -some doubts were entertained of their guilt. - -Vague and most contradictory rumours came in this day about Cawnpore, -but no authentic intelligence could be gained. The intelligence -department, under the supervision of Mr. Gubbins, with two assistants, -seemed to experience great difficulty in procuring reliable -intelligence. Amongst others, Colonel Palmer, commanding the 48th -Regiment Native Infantry, came in from the cantonments, waited on the -Brigadier-General, and reported large assemblies of men near -cantonments, the immediate abandonment of which he most earnestly -advocated. - -Although there yet remained some twenty-five lacs in the treasury, the -expenditure had been on such an enormous scale during the last week, -that cash payments were suspended, unless in exceptional cases. The -money rewards, &c., promised to men of the several infantry regiments, -whose good behaviour had been conspicuous on the night of the mutiny, -were discharged by promissory notes. Major Apthorp of the 41st Native -Infantry had an advance made to him to pay up and discharge twenty-five -of his men who had escorted in the officers and ladies from Seetapore; -as it was reported by one of his drummers, that even these faithful few, -who had all been promised promotion by Sir Henry Lawrence for their -fidelity on that occasion, had expressed themselves to the effect that -if Rajah Maun Singh came against them, they would all have to go over, -and would murder their officers. - - -_June 18th._--The force at the Residency, consisting of the regular -troops, civilians, volunteers of all sorts, and, in fact, every man -within the defences not incapacitated by sickness, were ordered by Sir -Henry Lawrence to parade at sunrise. Every man was to be at the post he -was to occupy in case of an attack; and those to whom no posts had been -assigned mustered in front of the Residency, for the purpose of having a -post or duty assigned them. The Brigadier-General inspected the whole of -them, and visited all the outposts and picquets. - -In the evening of the same day the force was paraded a second time, and -minutely inspected by Colonel Inglis. A body of fifty volunteers, -belonging to the several offices, had been trained and drilled to use -firearms. To them was entrusted the defence of two outposts near the -Post-office, which place had been made a very strong position. The -officers comprising the volunteer corps of cavalry were also given arms, -to be able to make a stand and defend themselves within their own -quarters. They furnished sentries at night, and exercised a supervision -over some seventy Seikh sowars, the remains of the Oude Irregular -Cavalry. These, as well as the body of clerks, &c., mentioned above, -were in all respects armed and accoutred like private soldiers. Besides -this, many of the volunteers and officers were instructed in gun drill; -and, at the Muchee Bhawun, by Sir Henry's directions, some fifty or -sixty of the 32nd Foot were told off for the same work. A very strong -battery (the Redan) was commenced this day; it completely commanded the -iron bridge and the road leading to cantonments. - -The servants of Captains Staples, 7th Cavalry, and Burmester, 48th -Native Infantry, returned and reported the murder of those officers -whose heads, they stated, were carried to the Nana at Cawnpore; and that -Lieutenant Boulton, of the 7th-Cavalry, jumped his horse into the river, -and nothing further had been heard of him. Owing to the want of rain, -the heat had now become intense. Cholera and dysentery were on the -increase; chiefly at the Muchee Bhawun. - -Reports came in of some bodies of the enemy being at a place called -Nawab Gunge, about eighteen miles from Lucknow, and Captain Forbes, with -twenty Sikhs and ten of the volunteer cavalry corps, was sent out there -to ascertain the presence or otherwise of the enemy. They returned in -the evening bringing information that there was no one. The company of -the 10th Oude Irregular Force was brought down from the Dâk Bungalow to -the jail. This regiment was the last to give way at Seetapore, and it -was reported they did not molest their officers. - -Quantities of bhoosa were collected and stored within the Racket Court, -which was now half full. - - -_June 19th._--This morning Sir Henry Lawrence inspected the Muchee -Bhawun minutely. More small arm ammunition was brought in from thence to -the Residency. - -A fresh case of smallpox occurred today (Mr. Bird, who was immediately -removed to a tent in the compound). The uncovenanted volunteers were -again minutely inspected this afternoon. The engineer officers were very -hard at work completing the batteries and defences. Upwards of 3000 -coolies were at work unroofing houses in the vicinity of our defences. - -From cantonments all the spare baggage, &c. was brought in, and every -preparation made to prevent confusion in case the position there should -be abandoned. In the city of Lucknow everything remained perfectly -quiet,--the administration of justice was in no way impeded. Grain was -stored in large quantities in the church. - - -_June 20th._--This day, "the Redan" was completed. It consisted of one -18-pounder gun and one 9-pounder, with two mortars in their rear--the -whole commanding the iron bridge and open country across the river. The -Cawnpore 18-pounder battery was very nearly finished, and an expense -magazine establishment near it. - -A letter bearing date the 18th instant was received from Cawnpore, -written by Captain Moore of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot, by direction of -General Wheeler,--it informed us, at last, of occurrences at that place. -All the numerous previous reports regarding the reinforcements of -European troops said to have been received, were thereby falsified. No -such reinforcements had ever been received. The letter informed us of -their ability to hold out for some fifteen days more. The dreadful news -of a boat load of European ladies, women, and children, from Futteghurh, -having been intercepted at Cawnpore and assassinated there, was -confirmed by natives. - -Supplies continued to be stored, but they were collected with difficulty -and at increased prices. - -Large stacks of firewood, which had been stored in case of difficulties, -were regularly arranged in a semicircle, protecting the front of the -Residency, and covered with earth; these formed an embankment six feet -in height, and embrasures were cut through them for the guns, of which -there were four 9-pounders on that side. - - -_June 21st._--Two hundred guns, many of large calibre, were found in the -gardens of the Seish Mahul, behind the Dowlut Khana (a large building on -the north side of the city). There were no carriages to them. This -startling discovery was luckily made in time. Twenty-seven guns were at -once brought in, and arrangements made for parking the remainder. - -In the evening, as the church was full of grain, divine service was -performed in Mr. Gubbins's garden; and, during the night, Sir Henry -himself once more visited the outposts, which had, by this time, been -brought to a satisfactory state. The guards of the uncovenanted service -were well on the alert, and prepared for any emergency. The difficulty -of procuring all kinds of grain daily increased. Many rumours of a -strong force marching on Lucknow from Fyzabad. The force in cantonments -held in readiness to march at one hour's notice, to the Residency and -the Muchee Bhawun. - - -_June 22nd._--This morning Captain Radcliffe's troop of volunteer -cavalry were despatched, at 1 A.M., towards Nawab Gunge, to patrol the -roads in that direction, in conjunction with the Seikhs, in order to -gather information. About 4 o'clock A.M. a thunderstorm from the east, -with the much wished for rain, came on. It lasted no very long time, and -afforded only a temporary relief from the excessive heat. - -Sir Henry Lawrence made an excursion as far as the Husainabad Kolwallee, -garrisoned by nearly 3000 police and others, and inspected them and the -defences of that place. He also visited the Dowlut Khana, an old -magazine, and on his return went over the Muchee Bhawun defences. All -our available spare carts, hackeries, and wagons, were to-day employed -in bringing in the guns found yesterday. Many of them were of large -size. The unroofing and clearing away of houses continued without -intermission, and every exertion was made to remove anything which might -afford cover in the immediate vicinity of our defences. - - -_June 23rd._--Two men executed this morning at the Muchee Bhawun,--the -one a mutineer (a naick of the 71st Native Infantry), the other a man -who had, on the night of the mutiny, threatened the life of Mr. Yarbury, -a merchant. - -A large battery traced out, looking to the westward. It was to consist -of at least two heavy guns, and to be raised so as to bombard the town -in that direction. A considerable amount of labour would have been -required to raise it to the necessary elevation. Altogether it was the -most extensive work of the kind we had yet undertaken. An 8-inch -howitzer, which had been discovered with the other guns at the Seesh -Muhal, was mounted and placed in the Redan battery. - -Captain Radcliffe's troop of volunteers, numbering forty sabres, were -drilled and exercised daily; and now that the majority of the Irregular -Cavalry had deserted, and the remainder were not considered trustworthy, -the troops supplied two mounted orderlies every morning to escort Sir -Henry Lawrence into the city. - -The commanding officer of the 71st Regiment Native Infantry reported the -remnant of the Seikhs of his regiment (about twenty men, who had -remained true on the night of the _émeute_) as being in an insubordinate -state, and no longer to be trusted. Sir Henry Lawrence desired them to -be sent to him, and spoke to them. They had asked for their discharge -before, and had very precipitately been disarmed by their commanding -officer, without sufficient authority. After being spoken to by the -Brigadier-General, they professed themselves quite willing to continue -their services: they were taken at their word, their arms restored, and -were kept at the Residency under the command of an officer. - -A letter was received yesterday from Cawnpore, written under the -direction of General Sir H. M. Wheeler, K.C.B., giving very bad news -indeed. It stated that the enemy shelled them for the last eight days, -which had had fearful effect within their crowded trenches, and one -third of their number had been killed. - -In the meantime, the Muchee Bhawun garrison had not been idle at their -defences, and Sir Henry was constant in his visits there, as well as to -the Seesh Muhal, and Dowlut Khana. On the westward side of the Muchee -Bhawun, a heavy tower was commenced; a work of great labour, from which -a flanking fire could be given. In the vicinity of the fort, as at the -Residency, houses were unroofed, and walls pulled down, so as to leave -as little shelter as we could. Magazines were constructed, and the -powder placed in safety. - - -_June 24th._--Heavy clouds, and every appearance of rain throughout the -day, but none fell. Heat excessive. Sir Henry Lawrence proceeded at -daybreak as usual, attended by his staff and two orderlies from the -volunteer cavalry, and inspected the Dowlut Khana, Seesh Muhal, -Imaumbarah Kolwallee, and Muchee Bhawun; and in the evening he proceeded -five miles on the Fyzabad road, to ascertain if there was a good -position we could take up, in case of an advance of the rebels in that -direction. - -The last of the guns discovered in the Seesh Muhal garden were brought -in to-day. Four of them were of very large calibre--two being -32-pounders. _Native_ reports describe the force at Cawnpore as being -hard pressed. Native reports from Allahabad were good. Much progress -made in knocking down and unroofing the houses in the _immediate_ -vicinity of the Muchee Bhawun and Residency. The Racket Court was now -filled with bhoosa for the cattle, and thatched in. We were supposed to -have nearly three months' supply of provisions now stored. The mutineers -were reported to have arrived at Nawabgunge (eighteen miles distant), -and were said to have with them some sixteen guns. - - -_June 25th._--The tower at the Muchee Bhawun was carried on this day -with great ardour. Crowds of coolies were employed under the direction -of Lieutenant Innes of the Engineers. This defence was to command the -stone bridge, the Imaumbara, and a number of high mosques facing that -side of the Muchee Bhawun. Elephants were yoked to one of the heaviest -guns,--luckily there was some gear for the purpose, and the experiment -turned out successful. - -A native rumour reported the arrival of a strong force of mutineers at -Nawabgunge, where it was said they were to remain till they had -consolidated their force. Good news came in to-day from Allahabad in a -letter from the officer commanding the 1st Madras Fusileers, dated the -18th of June, in answer to one despatched from this place on the 15th -instant. Colonel Neil's letter gave little or no detail, beyond stating -that he assumed command of the fort on the 11th instant; that there had -been much fighting, but all the mutineers were entirely broke and -dispersed, and the cantonments reoccupied. Cholera broke out on the 18th -among the Fusileers, who in two days had had amongst them 100 cases, -forty of which had proved fatal. Every effort was being made to push on -troops to Cawnpore, but the road was not open, and carriage was -difficult to procure: also that Her Majesty's 84th were close at hand, -and that the telegraphic communication had been re-established between -Calcutta and Allahabad. No authentic intelligence from Cawnpore, and -much anxiety was felt regarding the force there. - -All appearance of rain had gone off, and the heat was almost -insupportable. The river had risen about a foot and a half, and was no -longer fordable. A letter was received from Mrs. Dorin, stating that she -was residing in a hut close to Seetapore, soliciting money and -assistance, and reporting the murder of her husband. Numbers of -gun-barrels and locks were brought in from the old magazine, where a -great quantity of crowsfeet were found, and ordered to be brought in -to-morrow. Behind Mr. Ommanney's house, a very large battery was -commenced by Lieutenant Hutchinson. Quantities of grass and stores were -brought in. - - -_June 26th._--This morning Sir Henry Lawrence, accompanied by his staff, -as usual inspected the principal buildings in the vicinity of the Muchee -Bhauwn and the new round tower, at which great progress had been made, -and in which not less than 300 coolies were at work. Proceeding thence -he inspected the newly completed defences opposite the Kolwallee. On his -return, Sir H. Lawrence received a letter from Major Raikes at -Mynpoorie, giving intelligence of the capture of the city of Delhi on -the 13th instant (this afterwards turned out to be a false report). A -royal salute was ordered to be fired from the Residency, Muchee Bhawun, -and cantonments, and a _feu-de-joie_ was fired by the Irregulars, who -were quartered in the Dowlut Khana, under the command of Brigadier Gray. -Many useful stores, consisting of unwrought materials, rope, and -platforms, were brought in from the old magazine. Considerable progress -was made in a new battery for heavy guns, which had been commenced in -the rear of Mr. Ommanney's house. - -In the afternoon, a letter, dated June 23rd, was received from Colonel -Neil, commanding at Allahabad, reporting all well there; that 750 -Europeans had arrived, and that 1000 more would be with him on the next -day; that every effort was being made to despatch 400 Europeans, two -guns, and 300 Seikhs to Cawnpore, but that much difficulty was -experienced in procuring carriage. - -Also, at sunset, a letter was received from Sir H. M. Wheeler, K.C.B., -dated the 24th instant, detailing his losses, and giving an account of -the outbreak, and stating that he had supplies for only eight or ten -days at the farthest. His letter was replied to at once, and he was -informed by Sir Henry Lawrence of the news received from Allahabad, and -also that in ten days at the farthest he would receive aid from -Allahabad, and that he must husband his resources as much as possible; -that the force at Lucknow was threatened by an attack from eight or ten -regiments, three or four of which were within twenty miles. - -A reward of one lac of rupees was offered this day for the capture, -within a week, dead or alive, of the Nana, at Cawnpore, and means were -taken to have the proclamation widely disseminated. With the larger -battery commenced to the south, behind Mr. Ommanney's house, we had -three large batteries in progress, and were also busily employed in -destroying, as far as possible, any buildings that might give cover in -the vicinity. Five or six elephants were in course of training to drag -heavy guns, so as to enable us to move out without delay, should -circumstances require a heavy gun to be taken out. - - -_27th June._--This morning a letter from Lieutenant Burnes, Adjutant of -the 10th Regiment Oude Irregular Infantry, late at Seetapore, was -received. It gave an account of the mutiny at that place, and of the -escape of himself, Sir M. Jackson, Bart., and sisters (one of whom had -been carried off for some days by the sepoys and brought back), and some -others, to a place called Mitowlee, where they claimed and received the -protection (charily given) of a rajah: they were then all in the -jungles, suffering the _greatest_ hardships. It also mentioned the -safety of another party with Captain Hearsey; who, however, were also in -the jungles. Many of these seem to have had the most hairbreadth -escapes. No rain had yet fallen, and the heat was most oppressive. The -cholera had abated during the past few days, but several cases of -smallpox had, however, occurred. The river was reported to have fallen a -foot since yesterday. - -A report was in circulation early in the day, that General Wheeler had -made terms with "the Nana," at Cawnpore; but few believed it, and in the -evening it was reported incorrect, as heavy firing had been heard -yesterday at Cawnpore from Bunnee. Three boxes of crow's feet and a -great number of musket-barrels and unwrought stores were brought in from -the old magazine at the Dowlut-Khana; also a very large quantity of gun -carriage-wheels. The force at Nawabgunge was said to be increasing, but -very undecided as to what to do. A great force of coolies were at work, -and much progress was made in the defences at Muchee Bhawun and the -Residency. - - -_28th June._--This morning, at about 3 A.M., we had a heavy fall of -rain, which continued with slight intervals till 7 A.M. Sir Henry -Lawrence proceeded to Hosainabad and examined the defensive preparations -made there; returning by the Muchee Bhawun, he found that the buildings -occupied by the 32nd had hardly leaked at all. Divine service was -performed in the City Hospital (brigade mess), occupied by the officers -of the 7th Cavalry, 13th, 48th, and 71st Native Infantry, at 7 A.M. -Spies stated that the 17th Regiment Native Infantry, numbering between -250 and 300 men, had gone with five lacs of rupees to Onao on the -Cawnpore road--it was believed with the intention of proceeding to -Cawnpore. - -It having been reported that there were many jewels and valuables in the -king's palace, which might fall into the hands of the mutineers, a party -under Major Banks, consisting of fifty of the 13th, twenty Seikhs 71st -Native Infantry, and the European Volunteer Cavalry, were sent out to -fetch them in; which they did about 6 P.M., and reported that they had -discovered a large gun. - -About 7 P.M. three different natives brought in the very sad and -distressing news that the Cawnpore force, having no more ammunition -left, had entered into a treaty with their enemies, after which they had -all been treacherously murdered, as they embarked in boats to proceed -down the river to Allahabad. - -Mrs. Dorin, wife of Lieutenant Dorin, who lately commanded the 10th -Regiment Oude Irregular Forces, arrived this evening in a country cart, -disguised as a native, and accompanied by some clerks. She was for very -many days secreted in a village close to Seetapore, and her escape is -wonderful. The Serjeant-Major's wife of the 9th Regiment Oude Irregular -Infantry also arrived in a doolie, severely wounded. From 8 to 10 -o'clock P.M. it rained heavily. A letter, dated the 21st June, received -from Benares from Mr. Gubbins, giving an account of the number of -Europeans coming up the country, and describing the state of Benares and -Allahabad; reporting also an action at Delhi on the 8th instant, when -the British troops captured twenty-six guns. News also received from -Agra by letter from Captain Nixon, political agent. - - -_June 29th._--This morning, a brass gun, a 21-pounder which had been -accidentally discovered yesterday by the party who had been despatched -under Major Banks, to bring in valuables from the palace (called the -"Kiser Bagh,") was brought in, carriage and waggon all completely ready -for immediate service. Some grape shot and powder, chiefly damaged, was -also discovered in an adjacent house. - -The people in charge of the palace, without giving a thought to -resistance as it was at first expected they might do, nevertheless -showed an evident reluctance to give information where the arms, &c. -were stored. However, it came out at last, that there were more arms -within the palace, and a party was despatched to secure them. Seven -cart-loads were brought in; chiefly flint muskets, with a few spears, -&c.: 4 small guns were also discovered and brought in. - -A small party of volunteers, cavalry (twelve men including officers), -were sent along the Cawnpore road to bring in information. After going -some twelve miles, they returned, having learnt that there were some two -or three regiments not far off them. Captain Forbes, with the Seikh -Cavalry, was sent off at sunrise to patrol the Nawabgunge road. Six men -were also sent on the Sultanpore road to gain information. Both the -parties returned at sunset, Captain Forbes bringing intelligence that -the enemy were at Chinât, nine miles off. - -Our defences progressed, but labour was not so easy to procure as it had -been some days before. - - * * * * * - -The enemy being in strength so near, it was deemed advisable to withdraw -the troops from cantonments, which was quietly done at sunset; and it -being expected that the enemy would march on Lucknow, Sir Henry Lawrence -thought it advisable to move out with a strong force, hoping to meet and -oppose them before they entered the suburbs of the city. In order to -prevent any notice reaching the enemy of the intended movement, the -orders were not given out publicly till 3 o'clock on the following -morning, and at the same hour twenty Seikhs under Lieutenant Birch were -to be sent to the Iron Bridge, in order to prevent any one crossing over -with intelligence of the movement to the enemy. - - -_June 30th._--Pursuant to orders, a force, comprising 150 of the 32nd -from the Muchee Bhawun, 130 of the 13th Native Infantry, forty Seikhs of -the 13th Native Infantry, the 48th, numbering fifty bayonets, the -European cavalry thirty-six strong, the Oude Irregular Cavalry, about -ninety men, four of the guns of Kaye's battery (Europeans), two of -Alexander's guns (natives), two of Bryce's guns (natives), and an -eight-inch howitzer, found in the town a few days ago, and which was -drawn by two elephants, assembled at the iron bridge at 5·45 A.M. The -advance guard was composed of twenty-five Seikh Cavalry, and fifteen -European Cavalry; twenty Seikh Infantry, and twenty of the 32nd -Regiment, the whole under the command of Captain Stevens of the 32nd -Foot. - -The eight-inch howitzer, two guns of Alexander's battery, two of Kaye's -battery, the 13th Native Infantry, two of Bryce's guns, and the -detachment of the 32nd Foot, formed the main body, and marched in the -above order. The rear guard was composed of the 48th Native Infantry, -under Colonel Palmer; the whole force being under the personal command -of Sir Henry Lawrence. It was the Brigadier-General's original intention -only to proceed to the end of the Pucka road, to the village of -Kocaralee; and on their arrival there, our force was halted, and the -Brigadier-General, with the advanced guard, proceeded about a mile to -the front, whence no one was to be seen. The force was on the point of -being ordered to return, when it was decided to make a further -reconnaissance; and soon after the enemy were fallen in with, in -overwhelming numbers, and the force was compelled to retire with the -loss of the eight-inch howitzer, and three 9-pounders. - -The enemy came boldly on, and invested us on all sides, firing from all -the houses round, which they rapidly loopholed; they also erected a -hasty battery for the eight-inch howitzer across the river, from which -they threw several well-directed shells; and they began to collect boats -for a bridge across the river, the iron bridge being under fire from the -Redan. - - -_July 1st._--The enemy threw in a very heavy fire of musketry all day -and night. Early in the morning they advanced to attack, but were -repulsed on all sides with considerable loss from our shells, guns, and -musketry. Mr. McRae, of the Civil Engineers Department, and Lieutenant -Dashwood, 48th Native Infantry, were wounded, while assisting in working -an 18-pounder in the Post Office Battery. - -During the day attempts were made to get messengers to cross over to the -Muchee Bhawun fort; two or three men started, but as their success was -very doubtful, it was determined to work the telegraph on the top of the -Residency. This had been previously arranged by the engineer in concert -with one on the Muchee Bhawun; it simply consisted of one post with a -bar at the top, from which were suspended in one row black stuffed bags, -each having its own pulley to work it. After having attracted the -attention of the Muchee Bhawun Garrison, the greatest difficulty was -found in working the telegraph, from various causes; the chief of which -was the tremendous fire which the enemy opened on the spot directly they -saw our people on the flat open roof of the Residency. It rained rifle -balls, principally from the top of the jail, and some few of the ropes -of the bags were actually cut by them; then the pulleys went wrong, and -twice the whole machine had to be taken down, and after readjustment put -up again. After three hours' hard work under a broiling sun and a heavy -fire, the transfer of messages was at last completed. - -The message was simply an order to blow up the place and come to the -Residency at 12 P.M., bringing the treasure and guns, and destroying as -much as possible all spare ammunition. The night was anxiously looked -for, as the retreat of the retiring force might be intercepted, and the -enemy had the advantage of position. To help the movement, the -Brigadier-General gave orders that shortly before 12 P.M., the different -mortars and guns from our batteries should open fire, in order to -distract the attention of the enemy. This was carried out; especially -towards the iron bridge, by which the force must pass. - -The movement was most successfully performed; and so quick and noiseless -was the march, that at 12·15 the head of the column was at the Lower -Water Gate. Here there was some little delay, as the force not being so -quickly expected, the gates had not been opened. A very serious accident -had nearly happened in consequence of this, for the leading men, finding -the gates closed, shouted out "Open the gates," and the artillerymen at -the guns above, which, loaded with grape, covered the entrance, mistook -the words for "Open with grape," and were already at the guns, when an -officer put them right. The whole force came in without a shot being -fired. - -The explosion had not yet taken place; but soon, a shake of the earth, a -volume of fire, a terrific report, and an immense mass of black smoke -shooting far up into the air, announced to Lucknow, that 240 barrels of -gunpowder, and 594,000 rounds of ball and gun ammunition, had completed -the destruction of Muchee Bhawun, which we had with so much labour -provisioned and fortified. - - -_July 2nd._--Arrangements were made for posting and stationing the -Muchee Bhawun force which came in last night, and placing the -field-pieces in position; all of which Sir H. Lawrence himself -personally superintended. About 8 A.M. Sir Henry returned to the -Residency, and, being much fatigued, laid down on his bed. Soon after an -eight-inch shell from the eight-inch howitzer of the enemy, entered the -room at the window, and exploding, a fragment struck the -Brigadier-General on the upper part of the right thigh near the hip, -inflicting a fearful wound. Captain Wilson, who was standing alongside -the bed with one knee on it at the time, reading a memorandum to Sir -Henry, was knocked down by falling bricks and slightly wounded in the -back by a piece of shell. Sir H. Lawrence's nephew, Mr. Lawrence, had an -equally narrow escape, being on another bed close by: he was not hurt; -the fourth individual in the room was a native servant, who lost one of -his feet by a fragment of the shell. It was at once pronounced that Sir -Henry Lawrence's wound was mortal, and his sufferings were great. He -immediately sent for Major Banks, and appointed him to succeed him as -Chief-Commissioner, and appointed Colonel Inglis to command the troops. -He was then removed to Dr. Fayrer's house, which was somewhat less under -fire. About noon this day, a round shot came into a room on the lower -story of the residency, and shattered the thigh of Miss Palmer (daughter -of Colonel Palmer, 48th Regiment, Native Infantry) so dreadfully, that -instant amputation was obliged to be resorted to. All the garrison were -greatly grieved, and the Natives much dispirited at our severe loss, in -that popular and very distinguished officer, Sir Henry Lawrence. - -A perfect hurricane of jinjal, round shot, and musketry all day and all -night. Probably not less than 10,000 men fired into our position from -the surrounding houses; the balls fell in showers, and hardly any place -was safe from them. Many of the garrison were hit in places which, -before the siege, it was considered would be perfectly safe; but the -enemy fired some of them from a great distance out of the town, from the -tops of high houses, and the balls fell everywhere. - - -_July 3rd._--It is difficult to chronicle the proceedings of these few -days, for everywhere confusion reigned supreme. That unfortunate day of -Chinât precipitated everything, inasmuch as we were closely shut up -several days before anything of the kind was anticipated. People had -made no arrangements for provisioning themselves: many indeed never -dreamt of such a necessity; and the few that had were generally too -late. Again, many servants were shut out the first day, and all attempts -to approach us were met by a never-ceasing fusilade. But though they -could not get in, they succeeded in getting out; and after a few days, -those who could boast of servants or attendants of any kind formed a -very small and envied minority. The servants in many instances eased -their masters of any superfluous article of value, easy of carriage. In -fact, the confusion can be better imagined than described. - -The head of the Commissariat had, most unfortunately for the garrison, -received a severe wound at Chinât, which effectually deprived them of -his valuable aid. His office was all broken up; his goomastahs and -baboos were not with us, and the officers appointed to assist him were -all new hands. Besides all this, the first stores opened were -approachable only by one of the most exposed roads, and very many of the -camp followers preferred going without food to the chance of being shot. -Some did not know where to apply, so that for three or four days, many -went without rations; and this in no small degree added to the number of -desertions. Owing to these desertions, the commissariat and battery -bullocks had no attendants to look after them, and went wandering all -over the place looking for food; they tumbled into, wells, were shot -down in numbers by the enemy, and added greatly to the labour which fell -on the garrison, as fatigue parties of civilians and officers, after -being in the defences all day repelling the enemy's attack, were often -employed six and seven hours burying cattle killed during the day, and -which from the excessive heat became offensive in a few hours. The -artillery and other horses were everywhere to be seen loose, fighting -and tearing at one another, driven mad for want of food and water; the -garrison being too busily employed in the trenches to be able to secure -them. - -Poor Sir H. Lawrence suffered somewhat less to-day, but was sinking -fast, and at times his mind wandered. A tremendous fire all day, more -particularly on the Baillie Guard and Dr. Fayrer's house where Sir Henry -was lying. We thus early in the siege learnt that all our proceedings -inside were known (through some party or other) to our enemies. Miss -Palmer died to-day, and Mr. Ommanney of the Civil Service, was -dangerously wounded under the ear by a grape shot, while in the Redan -battery. - - -_July 4th._--A tremendous fire all night; but no effort was made to -storm our position. To the great grief of our garrison, Sir Henry -Lawrence died this morning about 8 o'clock, from the effects of his -wound. Shortly before his death, Mr. G. H. Lawrence while standing in -the front verandah of Dr. Fayrer's house, was wounded by a musket-ball -through his right shoulder. - -At night, there was a great uproar in the city, which evidently -underwent a thorough plundering. Notwithstanding this, the same heavy -fire was kept up throughout the night. Every one at work trying to throw -up some shelter for himself. In the course of the day, a 9-pounder, -brought by the insurgents and placed behind a small mosque close to our -furthest water-gate, was spiked by a private of the 32nd and four others -from Innes' post, who shot four of the enemy. The enemy were taken by -surprise while at their dinner. - - -_July 5th._--From 2 till 6 o'clock A.M., heavy rain; and extremely heavy -firing all day. Several casualties among our garrison. A soldier of the -32nd was said to have killed five men in ten shots from the Cawnpore -battery, which was subjected to a very severe musketry fire. Continued -efforts were made to collect all the horses and secure them, but it was -impossible to do anything during the day. The fire was so heavy, and the -night was so dark, it was difficult to get hold of the animals, who were -half mad; added to which four or five horses were killed daily, which -had to be buried at night by parties of officers, who, after being -exposed to a fearful sun in the trenches all day, were often out in the -rain till 12 and 1 o'clock in the morning, engaged in burying horses and -bullocks, in order to prevent the dreadful stench which would otherwise -have been increased, and which had already become almost insupportable. - - -_July 6th._--The usual amount of musketry and cannon fire all the -morning: about 2 o'clock in the afternoon it became very severe, -especially towards the Baillie Guard, which seemed the favourite point -to-day for the heaviest fire. A heavy cannonade heard about three miles -off for about half an hour. About 4 _P.M._ the flashes of the guns were -distinctly seen. The cause was unknown. The enemy digging trenches in -all directions. The carriage of one of our 9-pounders was disabled by -the enemy. - - -_July 7th._--A heavy fire all the morning. - -A sortie was made by fifty of the 32nd and twenty Sikhs, led by Captain -Lawrence, Captain Mansfield, Ensign Green, 13th Native Infantry, and -Ensign Studdy,--the latter led. The storming took place at noon. The -object was to examine M. Johannes' house, and discover if the enemy were -driving mines: it was perfectly successful, and fifteen or twenty of the -enemy were killed. Our loss was one Seikh and one 32nd slightly, and one -32nd severely wounded. - -This afternoon a very sad event occurred. Major Francis, 13th Native -Infantry, who had commanded at the Muchee Bhawun, and who was in command -of the brigade mess square, was struck in the legs by a round shot, -which completely fractured both legs, rendering amputation of one -_immediate_, and great fears were entertained for the other. He was a -brave, good officer, and much respected by all, and one in whom Sir -Henry Lawrence had much confidence. The calm manner in which he bore his -misfortune, gained him the sympathies of all. Not a murmur escaped him; -his only anxiety being a hope that the authorities would bear testimony -that he had performed his duty. The Rev. Mr. Polehampton, military -chaplain, was severely wounded in the side this day, by a rifle ball, -while in hospital. One of the walls of the Racket Court, now used as a -bhoosa gadown, fell in, and a quantity of the bhoosa became exposed in -consequence. All spare tarpaulings were immediately supplied to cover, -it, and officers and men worked hard for two hours, in a deluge of rain. -The rains, so long expected, seem now fairly set in. It commenced -raining heavily at 2 P.M., and continued pouring down the whole night. - - -_July 8th._--All very much as usual, and very heavy rain fell, which -somewhat abated the enemy's fire. Every effort was made to put the place -in some kind of order and to feed the bullocks. - -Poor Major Francis insensible and sinking: he died at 7 P.M.; and was -buried by a party of officers close to Mr. Ommanney's grave. Every -effort was made to curtail the expenditure of provision, and officers -were placed on half rations every third day. Very few servants remained, -and most of the officers had none. All were on duty thirteen and twenty -hours a day; and constant alarms took place at night, rendering it -necessary for all to stand to their arms. Fears were entertained of the -bhoosah stack taking fire, as the outer wall of the Racket Court had -fallen down and left it exposed. All available officers and men worked -hard, in heavy rain, to get it covered in again with tarpaulins. Twelve -Seikhs of the 13th Native Infantry deserted last night. All the Hindoos -and Mussulmans of the 13th, 48th, and 71st behaved nobly. - - -_July 9th._--Much rain fell during the morning. About 4 A.M. the enemy -made an attack on the Baillie Guard Gate, and about 300 showed -themselves, shouting and sounding the "Advance," on the bugle; but being -received with a few rounds of grape, and a steady fire from the 13th, -they speedily disappeared. Very much the same thing occurred soon after -at the Cawnpore battery. Continued firing all day. - -This was now the tenth day of the siege, and the heavy musketry fire on -every side had never for an instant ceased night or day; and at times -the fire was terrific. Many casualties occurred, and our want of -protection at the different crossings over from one side of the -Residency compound to the other, was very much felt. To-day, an -excellent soldier, and a man greatly respected, Mr. Bryson, formerly -Serjeant-major of the 16th Lancers, was shot through the head, while -endeavouring to strengthen his post. The enemy appeared to have had some -excellent marksmen. The commissariat began to work well, and all were -well supplied. The officers were placed, however, on half rations every -third day as a precautionary measure. Lieutenant Dashwood of the 48th -Native Infantry, died of cholera after a few hours' illness. - - -_July 10th._--This morning the enemy's fire was continued much as usual. -A sepoy of the 13th was killed early in the morning, and later in the -day a private of the 32nd Foot and an artilleryman were wounded. The -horses of the cavalry and the artillery, which, during the first days of -the siege, were loose and driven nearly mad from hunger and thirst, -galloping about and creating the greatest confusion, had now been nearly -all turned out, though not without much trouble; and fifty of the best -were retained, and secured in the Seikh square. All the bullocks were -now also secured, and arrangements made for feeding and watering them; -but numbers of horses and bullocks died, and their burial at night by -working parties, in addition to nightly fatigue parties for the purpose -of burying the dead, carrying up supplies from exposed positions, -repairing entrenchments, draining, and altering the position of guns, in -addition to attending on the wounded, caused excessive fatigue to the -thin garrison, who had but little rest night or day: there were few -officers with more than one servant, and one third certainly had _none_. -In all duties, the officers equally shared the labours with the men, -carrying loads and digging pits for putrid animals, at night, in heavy -rain. All exerted themselves to the utmost, alternately exposed to a -burning sun and heavy rain. Towards the middle of the day, the enemy -fired less than they had previously done on any occasion since the siege -commenced. - -We received no news from any quarter, but sent off many letters. Every -exertion was made to grind up the wheat in store by hand-mills; and this -day thirteen maunds and two seers were ground. The firing towards the -afternoon to-day was very slack, comparatively speaking. There was a -comparatively slight cannonade. An injured 9-pounder in the Cawnpore -battery was removed by us and replaced by another. - - -_July 11th._--About 1 o'clock this morning the whole force stood to -their arms, in consequence of some information which was received, -reporting that an attack was immediately intended. The force remained -prepared till daylight, when, as usual, a smart firing on all sides -began. An artilleryman was killed at Captain Simmons's battery. The -enemy fired several round shot, and were most persevering in keeping us -on the alert, and worrying us as much as possible. Their fire had never -yet ceased day or night: sometimes it was heavier than at others, but it -never abated altogether on any side. - -At night the officers buried a horse which had died close to the brigade -square; the night was intensely hot and close, and the labour was -excessive:--the horse having died on the Pucka road, had to be dragged -to a considerable distance before a grave could be dug. A great many of -the stores were also brought up from the church by the assistance of a -fatigue party of officers, who had all the carts to load and unload. Two -of the 32nd Foot were killed during the night, which passed off with a -heavy fire. - - -_July 12th._--The heat still excessive, and the fatigue of the garrison -was _very_ great. Enemy were most persevering, and loopholed every place -within fifty or sixty yards of our defences. They were evidently -determined to do their best to get into the position, and had closed in -on every side. We had no intelligence from any quarter; for though we -had sent out many messengers, not one returned. - -About 8 o'clock in the evening the enemy made an attempt to attack the -Baillie Gate; but fell back, on being received with shells and musketry. -About 12 P.M. they renewed their efforts on Mr. Gubbins's side with -similar effect. They repeatedly sounded the advance, and were frequently -heard abusing each other for not advancing. In half an hour they -retired, and for the rest of the night they contented themselves with a -heavy fire on the Cawnpore battery. - - -_July 13th._--The heat was dreadful, and garrison were greatly fatigued. -The enemy reoccupied Johannes's house, and fired smartly down the -street, killing two sepoys and wounding a conductor: they also pushed -close up under the Redan, and greatly annoyed our outposts. Lieutenant -Charlton of the 32nd Foot was shot through the head in the church, and -very dangerously wounded. Several shells were fired into Johannes's -house, and the walls of the house opposite to it were loopholed. -Nevertheless we could not dislodge them, and they annoyed us greatly. -The Havildar-major of the 13th was wounded through the thigh to-day. - -The enemy possessed many excellent marksmen, and fired so many shots -from every point that it was exceedingly dangerous to be seen anywhere, -even for an instant: they fired several logs of wood bound with iron, -and were evidently at this period hard up for round shot. In the evening -they fired several carcases, and succeeded once in setting the Residency -on fire; but it was soon extinguished. All the European officers -laboured hard to get the supplies out of the church. - - -_July 14th._--Heavy rain, thunder and lightning, and night intensely -dark. No alarms, and less firing than usual. Heavy rain at daybreak, -which cleared off at 9 o'clock, when the enemy assembled in force. They -were apparently undecided how to act, for they moved about in various -directions, and in about half an hour retired altogether; but they fired -many carcases, shot, and logs of wood shod with iron, and displayed -several new batteries. We threw up a traverse near the Post-office gate, -in order to save our people from the fire from Johannes's house, which -was very sharp. Our sharp-shooters killed four of the enemy in -Johannes's house. Four Seikhs of the 13th deserted, leaving their arms -and accoutrements. Still no information of any kind. - -Enemy erecting new batteries; one of which opened about 5 P.M. with a -9-pounder on the gable end of the brigade mess, occupied by the ladies -and children, and the roof of which was held by a party of officers, -assisted by six men of the 32nd. At the first discharge, a soldier of -the 32nd had his thigh fractured, rendering amputation necessary. They -fired several iron shot, which tore away the parapet; but fortunately no -one else was hurt. The night was very dark, and the enemy fired a great -deal; more particularly on Mr. Gubbins's post, where Lieutenant Lester -was mortally wounded: towards daylight the fire abated. Several cases of -cholera. The enemy's fire to-day destroyed a 9-pounder of ours, smashing -the axle tree all to pieces. - - -_July 15th._--The enemy opened fire from their 9-pounder battery, -situated about fifty yards from the end of the brigade mess, and fired -many shots; but the garrison laid close, and up to 3 P.M. no casualties -occurred. Towards the middle of the day, the enemy's fire lulled to a -greater extent than it had ever done since the siege commenced. - -The stores out of Anderson's house got in; the house being entirely -destroyed by round shot; though still nobly held by the garrison. A -mortar moved down to the gate of the Post-office, behind the traverse, -and several shells were thrown into Johannes's house. All much as usual. -The enemy fired three rounds of grape into the Redan battery during the -night, but fortunately hit no one. - - -_July 16th._--The heat during the night was fearful. A slight alarm -about 2 A.M., but it was soon over. The enemy fired smartly throughout -the night, and in the morning sent several round shot through the roof -of the brigade mess, and hit the Residency. They were busy, besides, -making batteries in the garden of Johannes's house, and opposite the -13th and the Cawnpore battery. - -We shelled the enemy heavily during the forenoon, throwing them far into -the town and across the river. Lieutenant Bryce was badly wounded in the -thigh early this morning; and later in the day, Lieutenant O'Brien of -the 84th was shot through the arm. In the evening the enemy kept up a -heavy fusilade, and we shelled them smartly; they fired a shell which -narrowly escaped falling into our bhoosah stack. At half-past 11 -o'clock, they fired a good deal on the Cawnpore battery, and made a -feint of attacking, but finding us well on the alert did not do so. Our -wheat-grinding operations continued, and we now had hand-mills -sufficiently well worked to grind twenty maunds of atta daily. During -the night we threw up a stockade and traverse, as a protection against -the musketry which swept the entrance of the Residency. - - -_July 17th._--The heat excessive. A very heavy fire during the night, -and the garrison kept on the alert, preventing rest and greatly -fatiguing all. Several cases of cholera and deaths of children occurred. -Twenty-two maunds of wheat were ground. - -To-day a bad accident occurred: Lieutenant Alexander, of the Artillery, -and Captain Barlow, 50th Native Infantry, in firing a mortar, were most -severely burnt by the piece going off at the time of loading. The enemy -sent two shells into the Residency which exploded, but fortunately -caused no loss of life. The stench from putrid animals was most -offensive. Painful boils about the head were very prevalent. The wounded -doing well. The prisoners and main guard removed to another place, in -order to give more room at the hospital. - -The enemy were busy making more batteries and intrenchments. In the -night about 12 o'clock, the enemy made an attack on Mr. Gubbins's -position, but were received with a steady fire, and soon driven back. - - -_July 18th._--Rain began falling about 4 A.M. and continued to do so -till 8 A.M., when the heat became insufferable. The enemy fired several -round shot, which hit the brigade mess; and they also took up an -annoying position in one of the towers which remained of the Ferad Buksh -gate. They were, however, speedily dislodged by a few exceedingly -well-directed shots from Lieutenant Bonham, from an 18-pounder in the -Post-office. Two children died of cholera. In the evening the enemy -fired many round shot into the Post-office, Dr. Fayrer's, Mr. Gubbins's -and the brigade mess house: they evidently had been reinforced in guns. -At night, Brigadier Inglis, Captain Wilson, Lieutenant Innes, and Ensign -Birch, proceeded to the gate with eight Europeans, and dragged in a body -that was seen lying near the gate, and which it was supposed might be -the body of one of our spies shot coming in. It was safely brought in, -and found to be the corpse of a woman. Nothing was found on the body. -The enemy got into the turret on the top of Mr. Johannes' house, and -fired into the Cawnpore battery: fortunately no casualties occurred, and -the night, which was fearfully oppressive, passed away with a heavy fire -from the enemy. - - -_July 19th._--Dreadful heat: cloudy, but no rain. Enemy fired round shot -all the morning. About half-past 9 a large shot passed through a room in -the Residency, in which the officers were at breakfast, fracturing the -leg of Lieutenant Harmer, 32nd Foot, but providentially injuring no one -else; about the same time Lieutenant Arthur, 7th Cavalry, was shot dead -(through the heart) in the Cawnpore battery. Our 18-pounder fired -several shots, and we threw several shells. The enemy seemed to be at -work at the Muchee Bhawun, probably looking for shot which had been -buried in the ruins. - -About 12 o'clock to-day the enemy sounded the advance, and threatened an -attack on the Redan. A few shells, however, soon made them give up all -idea of coming on. They got into Johannes' house in force, and fired -steadily into the cook-house of the brigade mess. - -Much drunkenness prevailed amongst a few of the garrison, who had stolen -quantities of liquor, which could not be discovered. From the -commencement of the siege, the large quantities of liquor in the hands -of the merchants caused much anxiety, and every possible endeavour was -made to get it all into safe custody. One or two alarms during the early -part of the night. Mr. Polehampton (wounded and in hospital) died this -day from cholera. - - -_July 20th._--From midnight the enemy remained unusually quiet, and at -daylight all seemed much as usual. About half-past 8 A.M. it was -reported that a very large body of men could be seen marching about in -different directions within a few hundred yards of our position. A sharp -look-out was kept, and the garrison stood to their arms. At a -quarter-past 10, the enemy sprung a mine inside the water gate, and -about twenty-five yards from our inner defences: the explosion was -great, and was evidently intended to have blown up our Redan battery, -and also to act as a signal; for immediately the dust and smote -subsided, a very heavy fire of round shot was commenced from every gun -that the enemy possessed, followed immediately almost by a terrific fire -of musketry, under which the enemy made an attempt to storm the Redan -and Innes' house. The garrison were ready, and every one at his post, -and the attack was coolly met and repulsed; however the enemy advanced -boldly and came up within twenty-five yards of the battery in immense -force, but were unable to withstand the fire of our men. - -They made a similar attempt on Innes' house, but were similarly repulsed -by the garrison, consisting of twelve men of the 32nd, twelve of the -13th Native Infantry, and a few uncovenanted gentlemen, under Ensign -Loughnan (who distinguished himself greatly): very great loss was -inflicted on the enemy, who repeatedly tried to advance, but were driven -back each time with much slaughter. Finding their efforts useless, the -enemy fell back, and contented themselves with throwing in a terrific -storm of musketry; from which we shielded our men as much as possible, -by keeping them laid under our defences. Almost at the same time an -attack was made on the Cawnpore Battery, but the enemy's standard-bearer -(who advanced bravely) being shot in the ditch of the battery, the rest -fell back. The enemy now moved towards Lieutenant Anderson's house and -Captain Germon's post, with scaling-ladders, but were well received and -fell back with much loss. The attack was now over, though for the rest -of the day, until 4 P.M., the enemy threw in a heavy fire; when it -gradually subsided: the attack was mostly confined to the points above -noted. - -In the afternoon they succeeded in making a lodgment in some pucka -cook-houses inside our abattis, and began to use a crowbar, which was -distinctly heard. We made a hole through to them from above, through -which they fired, injuring no one; but on our throwing down some hand -grenades, they fled across the road, two being shot by the officers who -were watching from above. The 13th, 71st, and 48th sepoys all behaved -well, and the manner in which the outposts were held, was beyond all -praise. The uncovenanted distinguished themselves greatly. We had -fortunately only four men killed, and some twelve wounded: Captain -Forbes, Lieutenant Grant, Lieutenant Edmonstone, and Mr. Hely, were -wounded. All were under arms from eight in the morning until eight at -night, and greatly fatigued and worn out. - - -_July 21st._--All very quiet during the night. The enemy were probably -fatigued with their exertions yesterday, for throughout the night only a -few round shot were thrown in. About 10 A.M. the enemy lodged themselves -in some force in the low buildings between the Seikh courtyard and Mr. -Gubbins's post, but were driven out by a few shells, and were fired on -by the officers of the brigade mess, as they ran across a small lane: -they did not attempt to reoccupy the position during the day. About 12 -o'clock, Major Banks was killed by a musket-shot through the head, as he -was reconnoitring from the top of an outhouse. Mr. Gubbins's garrison -was fired on smartly during the morning, and many round shot were sent -into Mr. Gubbins's house; the garrison of which had many alarms during -the day. Painful boils very prevalent. A dreadful stench pervaded the -place in consequence of the number of dead horses and bullocks, which, -lying direct under the fire of the enemy, we were unable to remove. -Excessive heat, and several cases of cholera. Great fatigue; no news. -Poor Dr. Brydon severely wounded in Mr. Gubbins's house. Two Europeans -killed, and two wounded; also one of the 13th sepoys. - - -_July 22nd._--Very heavy rain began to fall at 1 A.M., and continued -till 8 A.M., when it cleared off. During the heavy rain, the enemy only -fired slightly. After 8 A.M. it became more brisk, and they fired -several round shot, but were not very active during the forenoon. -Cholera still prevalent. Our numerical strength much diminished, as we -had had 151 casualties in the 32nd Regiment alone. The enemy moved the -8-inch howitzer from its old position, and brought it across the river -by elephants, with a tumbril behind it. Up to this date, we had no -intelligence of any kind from any quarter, and, indeed, we had received -none since the 27th ultimo. Many messengers were sent with letters, but -not a single line did we receive in reply. A letter was sent off to -Cawnpore to-day, and conveyed by a man named Ram Singh, a Seikh subadar -of the 63rd Native Infantry. The enemy steadily loop-holing all the -houses close round about, and evidently up to some new attempt at our -position. - -At dusk heavy rain; we got out a strong working party, and opened our -large powder magazine, and after much labour and exertion got up 150 -barrels out of the 240 we had buried. The night was pitch dark, and the -rain fell heavily, and the work being outside of our entrenchment, over -which all the barrels had to be handed out of mud knee deep, rendered -the work fearfully fatiguing. Many of the officers and civilians worked -for five hours at this work. Only a few shots during the night. Boils -still very prevalent. A Seikh from the cavalry deserted. One or two -cases of cholera. Mortification having set in, Mr. Hely's arm was -amputated. - -The buildings outside Mr. Gubbins's position were shelled at sunset, and -after we had driven the enemy out, we made a sortie through the wall (in -which we had cut a large hole), and rushed out and examined the houses -in which the enemy had been. We failed to find any trace of mining. We -lost one man of the 32nd, killed. Mrs. Dorin was killed dead by a musket -ball in Mr. Gubbins's house to-day. - - -_July 23rd._--Very heavy rain during the night. About 2 A.M. the enemy -sounded the "turn out," and at 3 the "assembly." About 1 A.M. a native -pensioner, who left us on the 27th to gain information, came in, and -said he had been confined by the enemy thirteen days, but had been to -Cawnpore and left it two days ago,--that a British force with twelve -guns was there; that they had fought three times with the Nana's troops, -and had completely beaten them, taking many guns, and that they were -crossing the river preparatory to advancing to our assistance. He stated -that he had not brought a letter, for fear of being detained by the -enemy; he vouched to the truth of his statement, declined a pecuniary -reward, and was urgent to go back quickly while it rained heavily and -all was quiet comparatively. He left in two hours, taking a small note -for the officer commanding the forces. - -At daylight there were fewer of the enemy than we had yet seen about, -and those less active; though they still fired smartly all around. -Stench from dead animals in some parts dreadful; as we had very few -servants of any kind and our fighting men were so few and so harassed, -that we were helpless to bury them. Heavy showers both day and night, -keeping the garrison constantly drenched to the skin, and making all -most uncomfortable; particularly as few had a change of clothes. Enemy -fired slackly during the afternoon. Cannonaded their bridge of boats, -which was broken by our 18-pounder shot. Several cases of smallpox. Sick -and wounded much crowded. The upper story of the hospital being under -fire of round shot, the wounded were, from the commencement of the -siege, confined to the ground floor, which with difficulty contained -their beds. At night it rained hard; and in spite of all difficulties, -we succeeded in getting up the remaining ninety barrels of powder, and -safely deposited them in the centre of our position. A false alarm about -12 o'clock at night, that the enemy had got into the churchyard. - - -_July 24th._--Morning fair and cloudy. The enemy endeavoured to repair -the bridge of boats, but were prevented by the fire of our 18-pounder. -The heat and stench terrible, and the flies were beyond endurance, -contesting every particle of food with us, and preventing all attempts -at rest during the day. Only a few round shot thrown, but the enemy -actively at work about forty yards from the Redan battery, in a deep -trench. Advantage taken of the temporary lull to repair some of our -defences, which had sunk a great deal in consequence of the heavy rain; -but our men, reduced in numbers and harassed to death day and night, -were not capable of any prolonged exertion. Every possible effort was -made to grind wheat, and from twenty-five to thirty hand-mills were kept -steadily at work, producing an average of twenty maunds of flour daily. -The 48th Regiment Native Infantry have had seven, and the 71st Regiment, -upwards of fifty desertions, since the commencement of the siege. - -About dusk, the enemy, for the first time, sent in many shells; which, -however, caused no loss, fortunately. The commissariat department busy -with the stores, getting ghee up from the Round House; while a fatigue -party of officers, under Captain Radcliffe, threw up earth, and -heightened the traverse across the road, near the Post-office gate. -Lieutenant Hutchinson, of the Engineers, accompanied by Lieutenant -Birch, crept down in the dark, and examined, as well as they could, the -enemy's works in the immediate vicinity of the Redan. Night dark and -cloudy. - - -_July 25th._--The night passed away tolerably quietly; the enemy firing -several 18-pound shot into the Cawnpore battery. At daylight they were -tolerably quiet, contenting themselves with musketry; but about 8 A.M. -they fired an 8-inch shell, which fell through the centre of the roof of -the Post-office, and lodged on the table on which the officers of that -post breakfasted; fortunately it did not explode, and no mischief was -done. Immediately after, several shells, apparently thrown out of -mortars, were thrown in, and continued to be so during the forenoon. One -fell in the verandah of the Post-office, and shattered the hand of an -artilleryman. Two men of the 32nd were shot this morning by the enemy's -sharp-shooters. Still not one word of intelligence from any quarter, -though this was now the twenty-sixth day we had been besieged. We knew -nothing; but the most absurd rumours were afloat amongst the natives, -and indeed among many of the Europeans, who were credulous enough to -believe them. Removed the powder out of the place in which we had it, to -a tykhana under the Begum Kotee which the engineers considered safer -than where it was first removed to. Very slight firing on the river -side, but the enemy still very active near the Redan. Much difference of -opinion existed as to the object of the work; the majority believed that -they were mining, while the engineers thought they were only making a -trench. Although the earlier part of the morning had been quiet enough, -towards 11 and 12 o'clock, a very sharp fire was opened and maintained -on the side of the Post-office and Cawnpore battery. - -The casualties on this side alone amounted to six, besides three others -in different places, which made the total of the day's casualties one of -the heaviest on record. Towards evening the enemy commenced shelling us. -Seven shells were sent in, but did no damage. Opinions differed whether -they were discharged from howitzers or mortars. - -About 11 P.M. a pensioner, who had been sent out from this on the 22nd -instant with a letter, effected his entrance into Mr. Gubbins's -compound, and produced a letter which he had brought back from the camp. -He was at once brought to Brigadier Inglis and examined. The -letter proved to be one from Lieutenant-Colonel Fraser Tytler, -Quartermaster-General with General Havelock's force. It was determined -to transmit to General Havelock by this man a plan of our position and -of the roads approaching it, with memoranda drawn up by the engineers. - - -_July 26th._--At daybreak cloudy and sultry: enemy tolerably quiet, but -about 8 A.M. they threw in several shells. From 11 to 1 very heavy rain, -and a partial cessation from firing, during which Lieutenant Lewin of -the Artillery, who was reconnoitring from the Cawnpore battery, was shot -dead by one of the enemy's sharp-shooters. Enemy recommenced shelling -from the city side: few of them to be seen, all being under cover. -Supposed to be mining at the Cawnpore battery. A countermine commenced -by us, out of the house next the battery; but having no workmen except -our harassed soldiers, the work was slow; however, as the engineers -seemed to entertain little or no doubt but that the enemy were mining, -it was necessary to endeavour to counteract them. Little musketry fire -during the afternoon; the enemy throwing in heavy shot, fired at a great -elevation (apparently out of howitzer). One or two cases of cholera. -Garrison in good spirits at the prospect of early relief. - -A letter and plan of our position forwarded at night by a messenger to -the officer commanding the relieving force: 5000 rupees promised the -messenger if he brought a reply. Suddenly at 10 P.M. the enemy commenced -a heavy fire along the whole of the city front of our position; but -nothing came of it, as after a few shells had been thrown amongst them, -their fire gradually subsided, and all became tolerably quiet again. -During this heavy firing, a sad accident occurred; Lieutenant Shepherd -of the 7th Cavalry being shot dead in the brigade square, by a shot -fired from the top of the brigade mess by one of our garrison. This was -the only casualty of the night. - - -_July 27th._--From midnight all quiet, save the usual musketry fire. -Cloudy, sultry weather. About 7 A.M. two planks were observed laid -across the road in front of Johannes' house. They were not seen the -night before, and being carefully watched, a man's hand was seen coming -up from below; and soon after some eight feet of earth fell in, showing -the direction of a mine of the enemy right across the road, and pointing -direct for our stockade, within six feet of which it had apparently -reached. This was a most fortunate discovery for us: they had evidently -kept this mine too near the surface, and the heavy rain had broken it -in. Our mine continued to be pushed on as rapidly as possible, and our -sharp-shooters from the top of the brigade mess kept up so hot a fire on -the enemy's sap from above, that they could make no attempt to repair -the mischief. Much fever prevalent, consequent on being constantly wet -day and night. - -Towards the afternoon, the enemy again covered their trench with boards; -but we got a mortar under our wall, and after one or two failures, a -shell fell right into the hole and blew all the planks away, leaving the -remains of the trench exposed to view, giving us no further anxiety. -Fine weather in the afternoon. Enemy heard mining towards the brigadier -mess; on which a shaft was commenced by the officers, and the enemy -ceased working. Late in the evening, the enemy were very distinctly -heard mining towards the Seikh lines; on which the Seikhs, under -Lieutenant Hardinge, commenced and sunk an eight feet shaft; hearing us, -the enemy seemed to stop working. All quiet, with the exception of the -usual amount of firing. Fever, diarrhoea, dysentery, and painful boils, -from constant wet and exposure, still prevalent amongst the garrison. -Mrs. Grant (wife of Lieutenant Grant) died of cholera. Captain Boileau, -7th Cavalry, was wounded to-day. - - -_July 28th._--Much shouting and bugling amongst the enemy during the -early part of the morning: heavy rain at daylight. Made repairs to the -Redan battery, also made a small field work for a 9-pounder. Sickness -much increased, and for many days past only one engineer officer was -available for duty: hard work, privation, and exposure day and night to -wet and heat, few could long stand against. We had no further news of -our coming friends, but trusted that to-day they would reach Bunnee. - -The enemy threw in several shells, also a number of stink-pots, which -were a very curious composition of large pieces of our exploded iron -shell sewn up in canvas, and surrounded by flax and resin, with dry -powder in the centre: these, from the commencement of the siege, had -been thrown in daily from a howitzer; they made a fearful hissing noise -and great stench, and finally exploded. They were not very dangerous, -unless they exploded _very_ close to a person. We also had a few rockets -thrown in, but not many; and lately a number of shrapnel shells, fired -apparently from a howitzer with a very great elevation. The enemy's -miners could now be distinctly heard working close to the Seikh Square -sap. - -The room in the Residency containing the jewellery and valuables -belonging to the late King of Oude, was broken into last night by some -of the garrison, and most of them stolen. Enemy tolerably quiet in the -afternoon. About 5 P.M. our sap in the Seikh Square, which had been -going on as fast as we could push it in the direction of the enemy's, -met theirs, which they continued to work to the last moment. On our -crowbar, however, going through into their gallery, they instantly fled -out of it, and commenced to fill in their shaft. We immediately made use -of their gallery, and blew the whole up with 100 lbs. of powder, which -brought down all the adjacent houses, &c. After this the enemy tolerably -quiet. Good progress made in our Cawnpore sap. - - -_July 29th._--A fine moonlight night. Enemy fired many round shot about -daylight, and also musketry from the houses across the road; they also -threw in many carcases, which nearly all fell in the vicinity of the -Cawnpore battery. No intelligence. All were anxious for the relieving -force, which we thought could not be far off. Our Cawnpore sap loaded -with 200lbs. of powder, ready to explode whenever it might be thought -most advisable. Colonel Halford, 71st Regiment Native Infantry, who had -been long ill, died this morning. - -A few convalescents joined the ranks, giving more room in the hospital, -which was greatly overcrowded in consequence of all the patients being -obliged to be kept on the ground floor, as also the state prisoners and -their servants; the round shot passing so frequently through the upper -story as to make it impossible to make use of it. Rumour stated that the -enemy had gone out in force to meet our coming army, and had left two or -three regiments of infantry, and a body of military police, to keep us -in; but it was most difficult to tell what force we had opposed to us, -as the enemy seldom or never showed in any number, but kept in the -houses under cover, occasionally yelling, bugling, and throwing in a -heavy fire, then subsiding into the usual steady fire which went on -night and day. - -Firing of cannon heard in the direction of Cawnpore. We hoped it was our -friends. All anxious, but all conjecture. Enemy recommenced mining -towards our mine in the Cawnpore battery. About 6 P.M., a heavy firing -was heard for about five minutes in the road from Cawnpore, and in about -half an hour, several guns were heard in the direction of cantonments; -this made us think it was a salute fired by the enemy for some reason or -other; probably to reassure themselves. However, all is conjecture; but -it threw our garrison into a great state of excitement, and many (indeed -most) stoutly maintained it was our force. About 300 or 400 sepoys were -seen at the same time running across the iron bridge towards cantonments -in great haste. We fired two shots at them with an 18-pounder. - -The excitement gradually cooled down; the enemy keeping up their usual -fire. Another mine was discovered this evening, by a portion of it -falling in: it was running in the direction of Sago's house. Lieutenant -Grant of the Bombay army, whose wife and child died a few days ago of -cholera, died in hospital this night, from the effects of his wound: his -right hand had been blown off by a hand-grenade. A fine moonlight night. - - -_July 30th._--From 2 A.M. till daylight heavy rain. Enemy got in close -under the wall of the Seikh lines, and began some kind of operations -against it; they were so close that no musket could be fired, being -under a projecting piece of the wall; they were, however, dislodged by a -few pistol shots, and ran off. No further incident occurred during the -night, beyond that there was the usual amount of firing into our -position, and bugling on the part of the enemy. After daylight enemy -fired slackly. Terrible stench in many parts of the garrison from -half-buried corpses and animals, which we had no time or means to bury -properly. Several cases of fever, cholera, and smallpox. - -About 9 A.M. a number of sepoys and matchlockmen were seen coming along -the Cawnpore road, and for about an hour and a half a continuous stream -of men came in in detached parties of twenty and thirty: some sepoys -were among them. Slack firing during the forenoon, only a few shells and -musketry. In the afternoon, heavy rain for an hour. Unable to discover -what the enemy were about. Considerable progress made in a sap, which we -had sunk in an outhouse close to the corner of the brigade mess-house, -where most of the children and ladies were located. At first the enemy -were heard mining towards us, but since yesterday we had not heard them. -We continued, however, to steadily push our sap, hoping either to come -across that of the enemy or succeed in getting under Johannes' house; -from which they fired all day long on any one who showed himself. -Yesterday an artillery sergeant, who incautiously crossed the road -commanded from Johannes' house, was shot through both legs. The enemy -had many riflemen, and some of them were most expert shots, firing -through our loopholes. - -About 8 P.M., as Captain Wilson, Lieutenant Barwell, Lieutenant James, -and Mr. Lawrence were sitting on the chubootra of the Begum Kotee, a -shell came in and exploded as it struck the parapet of the wall under -which they sat, bringing it down. Lieutenant James, who was lying -wounded on his bed, had a most wonderful escape. A large piece of -masonry, weighing upwards of a hundred weight, fell on his bed, breaking -it to pieces, and bringing him down on the ground; but he was uninjured. -Mr. Lawrence received a severe contusion on the back and head from -falling masonry; and this was the extent of the damage. Mrs. Clarke, -wife of Lieutenant Clarke of the 21st Native Infantry, died this -evening: bad food, privation, confinement, and smells of all kinds, -worked their effects. - - -_July 31st._--A fine night, and the usual firing. At daylight, the enemy -commenced firing heavily on the Church and Residency, from a 24-pounder -planted in the neighbourhood of the iron bridge. They also threw in many -shells, and fired their guns from the Clock Tower Gate. Our 18-pounders -and mortars were employed until 10 A.M. in silencing the enemy's fire. -Our sap from the brigade mess made good progress across the road, -towards the outhouses occupied by the enemy. Several children have -lately died: privation the chief cause. We had received no information -whatever since the 26th instant, the date on which we received the only -letter we had yet received since the 27th of June. Our reinforcements -were due to-day, and their non-arrival led us to suppose that the enemy -had succeeded in breaking down the bridge at Bunnee, and arresting the -progress of our friends. The flies dreadful,--preventing all rest during -the day, and disputing our food with us. The enemy continued to throw in -shells all the forenoon, till 2 P.M. when we had a heavy shower: after -that, the firing continued as before. In the evening we repaired our -defences as far as we could, as, owing to the heavy rain, the earth had -settled very considerably. A fine moonlight night, and all quiet, save -the usual amount of round shot and musketry. - - -_August 1st._--Still no intelligence of any kind, which caused much -anxiety, more particularly as some of our supplies for natives were -likely to be at an end in twenty days' time. Weather very hot and -sultry; small painful boils, covering nearly the whole body, very -prevalent. Many deaths among the children, and sickness on the increase. -Great inconvenience felt in the hospital for want of space; the sick and -wounded sadly crowded, and the building very badly ventilated, as the -lower story was hardly safe from shots. Enemy threw in many shells this -morning, and fired unusually sharp with their heavy guns, till about 10 -A.M., keeping our guns and mortars fully employed in keeping down their -fire. Heat very great; fire gradually slackened off towards noon, but -recommenced sharply again about 5 P.M. Many round shot, shell, and -carcases came in. One of the latter fell into the courtyard of the Begum -Kotee, within a few feet of the table at which the staff and -commissariat officers were at dinner; but no one was hurt. Several cases -of cholera occurred to-day. Efforts made to improve and strengthen our -defences during the moonlight nights; but the engineer officers were all -sick, and little was done. Our sap in the brigade mess was pushed -steadily on, and had attained thirty-eight feet from the shaft this -evening. - - -_August 2nd._--Fine moonlight night. Sharp firing during some portion of -it. Many rockets were thrown in early in the morning. Mr. Hely of the -7th Cavalry died this day of the wound he received on the 20th ult. An -artillery sergeant was mortally wounded this morning in the Redan. Enemy -fired a salute of some forty guns about 11 A.M. A Seikh sowar of the 3rd -Irregular Cavalry deserted to the enemy this morning. The Bhoosa stack -fell down to-day, burying ten or twelve bullocks; which, after much -labour, were got out. Seven of them were unfortunately dead; thus -entailing more labour, as at night we had to bury them: no slight task -in such weather, with our jaded and harassed garrison. Towards the -evening a heavy cannonade was kept up on both sides. About 5·30 P.M. an -eight-inch shell from the enemy struck the Begum Kotee, and, breaking -right through the outside wall, exploded in the room in which Lieutenant -James of the Commissariat and Mr. Lawrence of the Civil Service were -lying on their beds wounded, with one or two servants in the room; -providentially all escaped, though the room was set on fire. Heavy -firing till midnight. - - -_August 3rd._--Smart firing till daylight. Every possible effort was -made to strengthen our position and raise the height of our defences. A -soldier of the 32nd Foot was shot dead this morning in the centre room -of the hospital; showing how little safety anywhere existed against the -enemy's fire. - -A new loophole on the top of the brigade mess, which it was discovered -commanded a distant and much frequented lane in the city, was made use -of by Lieutenant Sewell, armed with his Enfield rifle; the distance -being not above 750 yards, the conical bullets most effectually cleared -the lanes of the sepoys, as they lounged up it, and quickened the paces -of the citizens as they crossed and recrossed. - -Enemy unusually slack in firing after dark till about 10 P.M., when they -recommenced firing, and continued it during the night. The engineers -continued their endeavours to strengthen our position, by heightening -the abattis near the Redan. A fine moonlight night. Several cannon shots -were heard in the distance, but no intelligence of any kind reached us. - - -_August 4th._--The enemy fired a great number of rounds from their guns -at intervals during the night. Musketry fire was slack this morning. No -news of any kind. Could get no messengers to go out with a letter, -though it was made so small that it went into half a quill; but it had -been spread abroad that the enemy would kill any one leaving the -garrison, and this deterred any one from endeavouring to carry a letter -to our friends, no matter how great the reward might be that was held -out. - -Many officers and men are laid up with fever and dysentery. Our stored -attah was nearly expended, and in a few days' time we should have to -commence that which we had ground, which now amounted to about 500 -maunds. At 2 P.M. the firing of all kinds was very slack; indeed, for -long intervals, not a shot was to be heard. The officers, also, who -relieve one another as look-outs on the top of the Residency, reported -that a smaller number of men than usual were to be seen on the move. An -Eurasian attached to the party working Dr. Fayrer's guns, was shot dead -while working the 18-pounder guns this day, by a man said to be not -sixty yards off. Several convalescents have been moved from the hospital -to other quarters, and with happy results both as regards themselves and -those left in the hospital, which greatly wanted a free circulation of -air. Towards dusk many shells came in, and one exploded in the second -brigade square; fortunately, it was seen coming, and no harm ensued. The -powder magazine was made as secure as possible, by putting heavy beams -across the roof, and covering them with two feet of earth. A fine night, -but very much firing till midnight. - - -_August 5th._--Sent off another letter to the officer commanding the -relieving force, of which we could gain no intelligence; though we -conjecture the advance of our force had been arrested by the enemy at -the bridge of Bunnee. Heavy showers during the day. Musket-proof -shutters were completed for the embrasure of the 18-pounders to the left -of the hospital. Many of the convalescent patients removed to the Thug -Gaol Barracks, which gave them a slight change, and created more room in -the hospital. Efforts made to clear some of the drains, and reduce the -stench which pervades the garrison. At sunset the enemy were seen at a -distance in some force, with drums and fifes playing, marching from the -direction of the river towards the Cawnpore road. Soon after, they threw -many shells into us, and continued to do so for some time. About 8 P.M. -all became tolerably quiet. - - -_August 6th._--The enemy fired several shots, from a 24-pounder, at the -Residency, one of which unfortunately fractured the arm of Ensign Studdy -of the 32nd Foot, as he sat down to breakfast; rendering amputation -necessary. This gun caused us great annoyance, from its calibre, and -firing so frequently as it did into the Residency. Unfortunately its -distance from our position, and its situation in the midst of buildings, -rendered it impossible to take it by the bayonet; neither could our -gunners see it, so that to shell it was our only resource. - -Less firing than usual. The enemy again ascended into the upper story of -Johannes' house, and from thence caused much annoyance to the position -of the brigade mess, where the cooking went on. They succeeded in -killing a sweeper. Terrible heat; Brigadier Inglis suffered from its -effects. Various rumours afloat in the garrison; some of which seemed to -have originated either with a servant of Mr. Gubbins, or some member of -his post. The Residency is at last to be entirely vacated by the -officers of the 32nd and others now resident there. Last night was spent -in earthing in the magazine, as several shots had lately gone -unpleasantly near, A carcase came into the Begum Kotee in the afternoon, -into the room in which Lieutenant James (wounded), Mr. Lawrence -(wounded), and Ensign Keir (sick), were lying; it set some of the things -in the room on fire, but was speedily extinguished without injury to any -one. Much bugling, drumming, and firing towards evening. After dark the -enemy fired heavily from their guns in front of the Residency. Our -engineers and a working party were busy all this night at Innes' house, -making a battery for an 18-pounder, to be moved down in order to -endeavour to silence a 24-pounder of the enemy's, which had been doing -much mischief by firing through the church and Residency. About 9 P.M. a -sepoy of the 1st Oude Irregular Infantry, who took out a letter to the -officer commanding the relieving force, came in; he stated that he had -delivered it, and that he had received a letter in reply which he had -lost in coming in to us. Half-an-hour later, another man, a sepoy of the -48th, who had been sent into the town two days previously to try and -gain intelligence, returned, and stated he had been confined several -days by the enemy; and he in a great measure corroborated the statement -of the sepoy of the 1st Oude Irregular Infantry: this loss of the letter -was a great mortification to us, as it might have explained what was at -this time inexplicable--the retirement towards Cawnpore of General -Havelock's force, after apparently the greatest success on this side the -Ganges. - - -_August 7th._--We worked hard at our new battery at Innes' house, and -got it ready; an 18-pounder was taken down and in position by daylight, -whence it commenced firing, and soon silenced the enemy's guns. The -enemy, however, fired heavily from some others, and about 8 A.M. a shell -burst close to the Residency and mortally wounded two of the best men in -the 32nd, the one a colour-sergeant and the other an orderly-room clerk. -Captain Waterman of the 13th was wounded through the hand by a musket -ball at Innes' post this morning. Several cases of cholera. Every effort -made to increase the number of men to grind wheat for the force. -Exceedingly heavy rain during the middle of the day. The hose into our -mine near Johannes's house got damped, and required all the tamping to -be removed. Our position greatly flooded, which rendered it most -wretched for those who had to be in trenches night and day. The -artillery canteen closed, in consequence of the gross irregularities -which prevailed, and its contents removed to the canteen of the 32nd -Regiment, from which the artillery were in future supplied. The heavy -rain seemed to make the stench which pervaded the place worse, and this -evening it was fearful. Several cases of cholera occurred to-day. The -enemy's cannon knocked down a portion of the verandah of the Residency, -also the verandah of Delprat's house at the Cawnpore battery: a few -shells came in in the evening. - - -_August 8th._--A tolerably quiet night. Dr. McDonnell, of the 41st -Native Infantry, died early this morning of cholera. A soldier of the -32nd was shot, and a native woman-servant of Mrs. Banks had her thigh -broken by musketry at Mr. Gubbins's post this forenoon. - -A heavy smoke was distinctly seen in the far distance in the direction -of the Cawnpore road. Many reports were made of heavy firing being heard -in the same direction: a Sikh attached to the cavalry brought repeated -accounts of it, but no European, save Captains Forbes and Hawes, of Mr. -Gubbins's post, could say he heard it. The natives (some of them) very -anxious about the arrival of the reinforcements, of whom we could hear -nothing. - -In the afternoon, a regiment of infantry, about 600 strong, with drums -beating, marching in quarter distance column with colours, was seen -marching through the city, in the direction of the Cawnpore road. - -Seven hundred yards from the brigade-mess was a street in the city which -was commanded by Lieutenant Sewell's double Enfield rifle, and on which -spot he had killed several sepoys and others: this was this afternoon -barricaded right across, which was a nuisance, as it entirely obstructed -our view of what passed along. Lieutenant Bryce of the artillery, who -had been severely wounded, died of cholera. - -No intelligence came in this evening, and much anxiety as to our -reinforcements was evinced by some of our native troops and servants. -Rice was served out to most of the natives in lieu of flour, and wheat -to the native camp-followers, in order to husband our stock of flour. -All the tea and coffee for the Europeans expended; the last issue being -made yesterday. This was the first day on which we had no casualty. - - -_August 9th._--The heat excessive, and children sank rapidly under the -effects of want of good air, food and exercise: several deaths occurred -among them, both yesterday and to-day. The enemy fired heavily in the -morning, but providentially, no one was hurt. Ensign Studdy, who had had -his arm amputated from the effects of a 24-pounder shot, died this -morning. The enemy were thought to have recommenced mining near the -Redan battery. - -Divine service was performed in the brigade mess-house to all officers -not on duty. No signs or symptoms of our reinforcements. In the middle -of the day Ensign Loughnan of the 13th (on duty at Innes' house) went -out with a few men and quietly spiked a small gun of the enemy's, and -returned without any loss. A very heavy shower in the evening, which -filled our trenches. One or two doolies were seen going across the -Goomtee, accompanied by sepoys. About 9 P.M. a Seikh sowar of the 3rd -Oude Irregular Cavalry came in by the Seikh battery. His having been -permitted to pass the enemy's outposts induced a belief that he had come -in to try and make the other Seikhs desert; consequently he was placed -under British bayonets, and not allowed to converse with any one. - - -_August 10th._--About 10 A.M. a great number of sepoys, probably 1600, -were seen, with two guns, marching up our left flank and across the -Cawnpore road, behind their trenches. Very shortly after, a large force -was seen to be approaching the bridge of boats from cantonments; and, in -consequence, all were quickly at their posts. About half an hour after, -the enemy fired a shell into the Begum Kotee, which appeared to be a -signal; for the instant after, a mine was sprung opposite to Johannes's -house, which blew in a great portion of the house occupied by Mr. -Schilling and the Martiniere boys, and entirely destroyed our pallisades -and defences for the space of sixty feet. One of the heaviest timbers -was pitched right on the top of the brigade mess-house, among the -officers and men of the 32nd, who occupied the post. As soon as the -smoke blew away, the enemy pushed up, under a tremendous musketry fire, -right into Johannes's house and garden, and into all the buildings close -round the Cawnpore battery; but all their efforts to enter our position -were met with such a steady fire, that they fell back, and kept up an -incessant fire of musketry on our defences. About thirty of them, -however, lodged themselves in the ditch of the Cawnpore battery, within -a few feet of our guns. A hand grenade was rolled over right into the -centre of them, on which they bolted and ran back, exposed to a sharp -fusillade from our people on the top of the brigade-mess. - -While this was going on, a very sharp attack was made on Mrs. Sago's -house, where the enemy blew up a mine, which destroyed some of the -outhouses and blew two soldiers out into the road, outside our defences: -extraordinary to relate, they fell unhurt, and got safely back to their -posts. The enemy then made their attack, but were soon driven back with -considerable loss, and confined themselves to keeping up a tremendous -storm of round shot and musketry on our position, which after two hours, -in a great measure, subsided. About 5 P.M., they made a sudden rush on -Captain Saunders's post. One of the enemy even seized a bayonet of one -of the 84th Foot, and tried to wrench it off through a loophole, but was -instantly shot; after a smart fusillade, which lasted for about 25 -minutes, they withdrew, and gradually the fire ceased. - -About 9 P.M. a third attack was made, and was similarly repulsed; nor -were these efforts confined to the places above noted. At Innes' house, -Anderson's, and Mr. Gubbins's post, large bodies of men came forward, -bringing up large scaling-ladders, several of which they abandoned. -During the day, we lost three Europeans and two sepoys killed, and about -twice that number wounded. Our garrison were under arms the entire day, -the heat was excessive, and all were greatly exhausted; nevertheless, -every officer and man remained under arms all night: after 10 o'clock -all became tolerably quiet. Captain Power, of the 32nd, who had been -wounded early in the siege, died in hospital to-day, and Major Anderson, -chief engineer, was reported very dangerously ill. The enemy must have -had a considerable loss this day, as a great number of them were seen to -fall; and we threw 150 shells, besides great quantities of round shot -and grape, from which also many casualties must have occurred. - - -_August 11th._--A slight alarm about 2 A.M., after which all subsided -into the usual routine firing. A very fine morning, very little to be -seen of the enemy, who however were not idle, as they were to-day busily -employed constructing earthworks and trenches in various directions -close to our position. Early in the morning the enemy fired many round -shot, some of which struck the Residency, already much shattered; and -about noon a very distressing accident took place. There was a high -wind, and it brought down a great portion of the left wing, on the -ground floor of which, in a room, six men of the 32nd were asleep. They -were completely buried in the ruins. Two were got out alive after very -great exertions, but the remaining four were left under the ruins. -Immediate arrangements made for the removal of the few European women -and children who still occupied one of the rooms on the ground floor. - -Major Anderson, chief engineer, died during the afternoon. He had been -ailing before the siege, but on the commencement rallied somewhat, owing -to the excitement and novelty of the position. Latterly he fell off -again, and to-day expired; his death no doubt hastened by the -impossibility of any change of air or diet. The look-out officers -yesterday reported having seen some few doolies going across the river -with sepoys after the day of attack, and to-day some dead and wounded -were also seen being conveyed away. The enemy were busy close under Mr. -Gubbins's ramparts, whence they had once before been expelled by some -hand grenades. At the corner of the Seikh square also, from across the -road, they amused themselves by pushing out over the wall bamboos with -lighted straw at the end; but with what object was not very clear: in -the meanwhile not one of them showed themselves, but kept well under -cover. Smart firing in the evening. The corpse of a soldier of the 32nd -was extricated from the ruins of the Residency; three others still -remained. - - -_August 12th._--A fine moonlight night. About 3·30 A.M. the enemy -suddenly commenced a very heavy fire of round shot and musketry, which -lasted for three-quarters of an hour. We kept close, and hardly fired a -shot, beyond throwing a few shells. At day light, they commenced a very -heavy cannonade and musketry fire on the Cawnpore battery; this -gradually became so sharp, that it was impossible to work our guns, or -even remain in the battery; and we were obliged to withdraw every one -but the sentry, as the enemy's round shot had destroyed our musketry -shutters, and completely swept the battery: later in the day, our -sentry, the only man in the battery, was killed by a round shot. This -portion of our position caused us great anxiety, as we were quite unable -to hold it as it should be held; we would not withdraw our guns, for -fear of giving the enemy confidence. The enemy were busily employed -to-day also in digging close to Sago's house. In order to see what they -were about, at 12 o'clock a sortie was made with twelve Europeans of the -32nd Foot under Lieutenant Clery, accompanied by Lieutenant Hutchinson -of the Engineers. The enemy were, however, well on the alert, and had a -large covering party over their work, and as our men appeared, they -threw in such a heavy fire that our people were compelled to retire; -this brought on a very great fire from all that side of the enemy's -attack, and they kept up a smart fire of round shot and musketry for -fully an hour, when it gradually subsided. Finding we were unequal to -meet the enemy by a sortie, we determined to push on our mine as fast as -possible, and continue working all day and night, hoping to blow them up. - -In the evening we had as strong working parties of Europeans as we could -afford, and removed from the Cawnpore battery, a 9-pounder which had -been disabled by a round shot of the enemy. We also dug a trench and -threw up earth on the top of our parapets, and endeavoured to our utmost -to repair the damage the enemy had done, and make the place as strong as -possible. Several shells came in after dusk. The heat throughout the day -was excessive, and there were several fatal cases of cholera, and also -several deaths among the children, who were all greatly emaciated. - -In the evening, a letter to General Havelock, rolled up and put inside a -quill, was despatched by the hands of an old woman; she left our -position about 9 P.M., and we hoped, would be permitted to pass the -enemy's sentries without being stopped. During the past forty-five days, -we had sent by different hands, in a similar manner, some twenty -letters, to only one of which was any reply received. The garrison, very -greatly harassed and fatigued from continued exertion night and day and -want of rest. - - -_August 13th._--An excessively hot night. During the early part of the -morning the enemy threw in a very heavy fire, which lasted for nearly -half an hour, when all subsided into the usual routine firing. - -Our mine near Sago's house was pushed on all night with the greatest -possible speed. Every possible means was adopted by the enemy to prevent -our miners working, and as only a wall and a few feet of ground divided -the two parties, they resorted to squibs, rockets, brickbats, and lights -at the end of bamboos, to annoy our workmen. As the latter were thrust -forward with the hope of setting fire to our tiled outhouses, the ends -were successively cut off by us. Several reports alive in the garrison, -but on what grounds, or how stated, no one could say. However, as these -were all more or less favourable to us, and encouraging to the natives, -if credited, no harm was done. - -Shortly before 10 A.M. the engineers reported our countermine as ready; -the neighbouring outposts and garrisons were duly warned, and the mine -fired, with the happiest results: the brick house in which the enemy -was, and from which they had started their mine, settled down, burying -all inside; the earth was thrown up to a considerable height, and only -one outhouse of our own, of no consequence, destroyed. Up to the last -moment, the people inside the enemy's mine were hard at work, and after -the explosion the groans of the sufferers were plainly audible. In the -course of the day, some few of the enemy were shot from Sago's post. In -the afternoon, after several shells had been thrown in to drive as many -out as possible, it was determined to go out and see what the enemy were -doing near Mr. Gubbins's post. A hole being cut in the wall out of our -defences, a party of Europeans, with the engineer officers, went out and -found a deep trench dug through the outhouses for some distance towards -our position. The work was not deemed of any great importance, and after -it had been well examined, the party withdrew. - -Many cases of fever to-day, and four deaths in hospital among the -Europeans. Enemy very quiet during the evening; unusually so, till about -10 P.M., when they threw an 8-inch shell into our position. This -appeared to be a signal; for instantly they commenced a tremendous fire -with round shot and musketry, which lasted half an hour, and completely -lit up the darkness around. They were busy mining us in several places, -and their workmen could be distinctly heard at work. Our engineers were -hard at work, trying with the best means at their disposal to frustrate -their efforts; but our people were so harassed that they were not -capable of any prolonged exertion. A shaft, however, for a mine was made -in Mr. Anderson's house, and sunk to the extent of eight feet, in view -to running a sap to meet the enemy. Heat very great, and mosquitoes, -bugs, and fleas most troublesome. - - -_August 14th._--Enemy unusually quiet all the morning; more so than they -had yet been. Our people were all busy preparing new sandbags, as the -old ones were so rotten, from long exposure to the rain, that they would -bear no removal: also in countermining the enemy from out of a corner of -Anderson's house. A Mater came in this morning, but could give no -information. Provision for the cattle growing short; and every means -adopted to reduce the daily consumption. The various look-outs reported -no movement of the enemy: in a word, it was the quietest day we had yet -had. About 4 P.M. they began a more brisk fire. Many cases of fever and -several deaths amongst the children. Many rumours abroad regarding our -relieving force; but all was conjecture. Most of our outpost houses were -now so riddled with round shot, that it was a wonder how any of them -stood up at all: indeed most of them were in ruins, and at Mr. -Anderson's house part of the garrison had been twice pulled out of the -ruins which had suddenly fallen on them; nevertheless, these posts, in -spite of many casualties, were held with the same courage and devotion -as was displayed the first day of the siege. At dusk we had a severe -thunderstorm, with exceedingly heavy rain, which lasted for several -hours, falling in a complete deluge; the night was exceedingly dark, -with extremely vivid lightning. Captain Fulton and Lieutenant Hutchinson -of the Engineers went down and examined all the outhouses in Dr. -Fayrer's premises, to see if any mining operations could be heard. They -afterwards went down to the Buxee Khana, and examined the wall in front -to some distance. - - -_August 15th._--Heavy rain till about 3 A.M., when it cleared away, and -the morning was beautifully clear and fine. The enemy fired salvos of -two and three 18-pounders at once into the Cawnpore battery, and brought -down all the outer wall of the house alongside it, which we used as a -guardroom; making the place so hot we were obliged to retire our men -from it during the heaviest part of the cannonade. Lieutenant Bonham -received a severe contusion, from bricks knocked out on him by an -18-pound shot; and later in the day the sentry left in the front part of -the battery was killed by a round shot. Lieutenant James Alexander was -shot through the arm while laying an 18-pounder in the Hospital battery. -Several servants and six bheesties of the 32nd deserted last night. At -night, advantage taken of the dark to repair as much as possible the -damage done to-day to the Cawnpore battery. About 9 P.M. a pensioner -named Ungud, who had been sent out with a letter, returned, bringing a -letter from Cawnpore. This was the first night since the siege began -that no burial took place. - - -_August 16th._--Great progress made in our mine out of Lieutenant -Anderson's house, which had now reached a distance of twenty-five feet -from the shaft. Also much done in the way of making the Cawnpore battery -more secure. Brigadier Inglis slept in it himself. In the early morning -the enemy fired a great many round shot, and brought a new gun into -position, to play on the corner of the brigade mess-house; also one -which fired on Mr. Gubbins's post, but which was soon silenced by a -9-pounder placed in position against it. Divine service performed in the -brigade-mess to a few officers who were off duty, and to the ladies. -Much round shot fired during the day, but fewer sepoys in sight than -usual. Every possible effort was made to curtail the expenditure of our -provisions, and make them last as long as possible. The enemy threw in -three 8-inch shells during the evening, and fired several round shot -during the night. - - -_August 17th._--The remaining portion of the Residency was deemed unsafe -by the engineers, from the number of round shot that had come through -it; and arrangements were made to remove the Europeans. The heat -extreme, a heavy cannonade from daylight till 9 A.M., when it gradually -slackened. A few round shot were fired through the Residency during the -morning. Much progress was made in the mine out of Lieutenant Anderson's -house, and a new shaft sunk in the Martiniere School, in view to running -a sap towards Johannes' house. The Seikhs mined well, and the payment in -cash of two rupees per man for each night's work made the work popular. -Between 4 and 5 P.M. the enemy recommenced a slight cannonade, doubtless -stirred up by some shells which were thrown during the afternoon. -Towards dusk the enemy threw in several shells, and at midnight an -8-inch, which nearly hit our laboratory. - - -_August 18th._--At daylight the enemy exploded a large mine under one of -our principal posts in the outer square, occupied by the Seikhs; the -three officers and three sentries on the top of the house, were blown up -into the air and fell among the debris. The guard below were all, -however, buried in the ruins, and lost their lives: they were two -bandsmen of the 41st, two of the 13th, and a sepoy of the 48th Native -Infantry. The officers, though much stunned, on recovering themselves -ran away, and all three escaped unhurt. - -When the smoke had blown away, we discovered that a clear breach had -been made into our defences, to the extent of thirty feet in breadth. -One of the enemy's leaders sprung on the top of the breach, brandishing -his sword and calling on others to follow; but he fell dead instantly -from the flank fire of the officers on the top of the brigade-mess. -Another instantly followed and shared the same fate, when the rest of -the force declined making a home rush. On the first springing of the -mine, our garrison was at once under arms, and the reserve of the 84th -Foot (eighteen men) were immediately sent down and placed in a position -which commanded the breach from the right; while boxes, doors, planks, -tents, &c., were rapidly carried down to make as much cover as possible -to protect our men against musketry: also a house was pulled down and a -road made for a gun; and, after incredible exertions, a 9-pounder was -got into a position which commanded all the breach, and was loaded with -a double charge of grape. The enemy, by means of some barricaded lanes, -contrived to creep up and get possession of the right flank wall of the -Seikh square; but our mortar and a 24-pounder howitzer drove the main -body off, and a sudden rush at noon cleared away the rest. We reoccupied -all the ground we had lost in the morning, and also took possession of -the houses previously held by the enemy, and which were situated between -the Seikh square and Mr. Gubbins's house. No time was lost in destroying -them, and by sunset 400lbs. of gunpowder had cleared away many of the -houses from which the enemy had most annoyed us. By this time the breach -was securely barricaded against any sudden rush, and at night a working -party completed it. In addition to the eight men lost in the explosion, -we had this day one of the 32nd killed, and a volunteer (M. De Prât) and -three of the 32nd wounded. Nothing could exceed the zeal with which -_all_ the natives worked to secure the breach, and make a road for a -gun. The heat was fearful, and this was one of the most harassing days -we had, all ranks being hard at work from daylight till dark, under a -dreadful sun. Lieutenant Fletcher, 48th Regiment Native Infantry, on -look-out duty at the top of the Residency, was shot through the arm, and -had his telescope shivered by a rifle-ball, while reconnoitring. -Lieutenant Graham was also hit on the chest with a spent ball. For -further accounts of the explosion of the mine, see the report of the -disaster by an eye-witness, marked (II.) in the Appendix. - - -_August 19th._--The enemy rather lively with their large guns this -morning. Firing more particularly at the guard-rooms on the top of the -brigade-mess, which were by this time well-riddled. About 2 P.M. the -engineers, Messrs. Fulton, Hutchinson, and Anderson, with a small party, -went out on the premises which we yesterday seized, for the purpose of -blowing up some more houses and buildings. This party was supported by -some Europeans and Seikhs, kept inside the square. The enemy showed -nowhere, and save for a few dropping shots, their presence would not -have been known. - -It is worthy of notice, that even through the Pucka buildings, the enemy -dug communicating trenches, probably to escape the effects of our -shells; which, however, they had not always been successful in doing, as -several pools of blood showed us. In the afternoon we experienced a -smart cannonade, and about dusk had a heavy shower which stayed it for a -while, and after 8 P.M. it subsided nearly entirely into a musketry fire. - - -_August 20th._--A heavy fire of musketry towards daylight, when the -enemy began the heaviest cannonade we had yet had; particularly on the -Cawnpore battery, in front of which they had put another gun in -position. For three hours they fired continually, and a great portion of -Mons. De Prât's house fell in. Their round shot came in through the Thug -Jail, and enfiladed it; fortunately it struck high, and no casualty -occurred: they also threw some shrapnel, as yesterday. Our guard rooms -on the top of the brigade mess were now entirely demolished by round -shot, which came through them almost unceasingly. An 8-inch shell went -into the Residency, and exploded on the staircase. A soldier of the 32nd -Foot was killed in the 18-pounder battery, at Dr. Fayrer's, by a -musket-ball which struck him in the head. We were busy all night at our -mine, which was now completed, and we hope to be able to load it and -have it ready to fire by daylight to-morrow morning. Many men were seen -in the early part of the day, moving about in the bazaar (most of them -sepoys). It was difficult to say what they were about, as they were -moving both ways. Lieutenant Cunliffe of the artillery was slightly -wounded this morning in the knee by a musket ball. Great mortality -amongst the children in the garrison, and a great deal of sickness -prevailed, particularly fever. All the tea and sugar for the Europeans -had been for some time expended, save a small supply which had been -reserved for the use of the sick and wounded. The enemy again commenced -to undermine the lane running from the Cawnpore battery behind the -brigade-mess, and were also engaged in some other work to the right of -Johannes' house. Much firing during the evening. Captain Lowe of the -32nd Foot, had a very narrow escape; an eight-inch shell burst close to -him in the trenches, and slightly wounded him in the hand, and cut off -the arm of a soldier alongside him. The enemy made an attempt to burn -down the gates at the Baillie Guard, by eluding the vigilance of the -sentries and piling up logs of wood and combustibles outside the gate. -It burnt fiercely, but was soon extinguished by the water-carriers of -the 13th, without damage to the gates: the fire was the signal for a -heavy fusillade, which lasted nearly half an hour. - - -_August 21st._--At daybreak all was prepared and ready for the -blowing-up of our mine, and the simultaneous sortie of fifty Europeans -under Captain M'Cabe and Lieutenant Browne (divided into two parties), -for the purpose of spiking the enemy's guns which fired into the mess -house, and in order to hold Johannes' house while the engineer officers -blew it up. Precisely at 5 P.M. the mine, containing 400 lbs. of powder, -was sprung, and as soon as the dust and smoke had in a measure subsided, -the party ran out, drove the enemy (who were taken by surprise, and made -but a slight show of resistance) from their guns (two), and spiked them -both, and retained possession of Johannes' house, while the engineers -made arrangements for blowing it up. These were soon completed, and the -party withdrawn. A slow match was applied, and the house laid in ruins. -Our losses were one of the 84th killed, one sergeant (84th) mortally -wounded, one of the 32nd dangerously wounded, one slightly wounded, and -a sergeant of the artillery killed. The operation was entirely -successful, and rid us of a house from which the enemy had, from the -commencement of the siege, annoyed us greatly. Captain Barlow, of the -50th Native Infantry, died somewhat suddenly in hospital this morning. -The grass and jungle all round had grown to a very great height, and -would have given cover to a number of men to approach close up to our -position unobserved. In the afternoon, a boy about twelve years of age -was seen close to the Baillie Guard gate, picking up bullets that had -been fired. A sepoy of the 13th on sentry-duty saw him, covered him with -his musket, and compelled him to come in. An eight-inch shell fell on -the top of the Residency about 9 P.M., and exploded, fortunately without -injuring any one. - - -_August 22nd._--Mrs. Green, of the 48th Native Infantry, died early this -morning. There had been also many deaths among children during the few -previous days. Many of our supplies were entirely expended, and the -garrison were put to great inconvenience for the want of tobacco, of -which for some time past there had been none to issue. Still more -stringent measures adopted to prevent the consumption of flour; and -wheat was issued to all non-combatants who had time to grind it. A fine -clear night, with less musketry and more cannon firing than usual. Many -of our defences were greatly injured from the late heavy rain and the -incessant cannonade of the enemy. Last night repairs were made to the -Cawnpore and Redan batteries, both of which still required much to be -done to them. To-day an European sentry inside the Baillie Guard gate, -was shot dead by a rifleman: the ball went through some sand bags put up -for his protection. A sepoy of the 13th was also hit in the knee this -morning from the same loophole. Arrangements were made to knock the -place down to-morrow morning at daylight with a 24-pounder howitzer. -Sergeant Ryder, of the artillery, was killed dead by a musket ball -to-day in the churchyard. Up to this date, we had lost since the siege -commenced on the 30th of June, by killed, wounded, and sickness: 101 men -of the 32nd Foot, not including officers; and of the detachment of the -84th, consisting originally of fifty men, eleven had been killed and -died of wounds and disease since the above date. Reports of distant -firing being heard, vague rumours were afloat; but these excited little -attention _now_, so often had they been in circulation, giving rise to -false hopes of our reinforcements being near. - -Captain Hawes, of the 63rd Native Infantry, was wounded this afternoon -by a musket ball through the side and arm, while on the look-out from -the top of the defences at Mr. Gubbins's post. After dark we had two -eight-inch shells and several shrapnell sent in. One of the former -carried off the leg of a native (who died soon after), and slightly -wounded another. Repairs continued in the Cawnpore and Redan batteries. -The want of tea and sugar much felt, and very large prices offered for -stores of any kind. - - -_August 23rd._--A heavy cannonade from the enemy, from daylight till -about 10 P.M., when it slackened. Their principal efforts were against -the brigade-mess house and Cawnpore battery; the former they seriously -damaged, and succeeded in entirely levelling the guard-houses on the -top; both of which had fallen in, and there was no longer any cover for -our musketry to fire from. Our ranks were rapidly thinning. Two men were -again this morning mortally wounded by musketry fire. The enemy were -busily employed in digging on all sides, more particularly in front of -the Redan; but it was very difficult to say what their object was, as -they dug deep trenches in all directions. Continued reports of distant -firing being heard. The enemy fired heavily from their guns in the -afternoon, and did considerable damage to our defences. A working party -employed after dark, making a magazine for the powder and shells lodged -in the Post-office. - -We had work nightly for at least 300 men; as we had the defences to -repair daily, supplies to remove from godowns which were fallen in from -the effects of the enemy's shot, mines to countermine, guns to remove, -barricades to erect, corpses to bury, and rations to serve out; but with -our weak, harassed, and daily diminishing garrison, we could seldom -produce as working parties more than three fatigue parties of eight or -ten men each relief; and the Europeans were capable of but little -exertion, as from want of sleep, hard work night and day, and constant -exposure, their bodily strength was greatly diminished. The enemy threw -in an 8-inch shell about 9 P.M. and fired all the evening. Divine -service was performed at the brigade-mess in the morning, and in the -afternoon, at Dr. Fayrer's; the sacrament was administered on both -occasions. - - -_August 24th._--This morning, at about 2 o'clock, the enemy opened a -very heavy fire, both of round shot and musketry; commencing and -concluding the same apparently on the signal of a fireball thrown up on -each occasion. The Judicial Garrison house, under command of Captain -Germon, being in a most dangerous state from the effects of round shot, -all the women and wounded men, also children, were removed from that -post, as well as from all the other outposts in that quarter, into the -Begum Kotee in the neighbourhood. A sergeant of the 84th was dangerously -wounded coming up from Mrs. Sago's house, by a sharp-shooter. Lieutenant -Bonham, of the artillery, was busily employed perfecting his -arrangements for using an 8-inch mortar as a howitzer. The experiment -succeeded very well yesterday evening. - -The verandah of the Residency on the west side came entirely down this -morning. The commissariat stores in the godown underneath were removed -in the evening, as some of the arches of the lower story were cracked, -and a heavy cannonade would have brought the whole place down. -Arrangements were made this day for still further reducing the rations -of Europeans. A kitmutghar came in from the city last night: his account -was so suspicious, that he was placed under an European guard, as he -might have tampered with the natives. To-day we threw two shells a long -way into the city, in the direction of the palace. The enemy tolerably -quiet; towards the middle of the day confining themselves to -sharp-shooting at every one they saw move about in our position. Mr. -MacRae of the Civil Engineer Department was very badly hit in the -shoulder this afternoon, while assisting in laying a mortar in the -Post-office; and a sergeant and a private were badly wounded early in -the day, while going to their post. The enemy possessed many excellent -rifle shots, and fired out of their loopholes from the houses around -with great certainty; occasioning us a daily loss of from three to five -men. Two sepoys of the 13th were also slightly wounded by random shots -before daybreak this morning. Several shells came in this evening; and -about 12 P.M. the enemy opened a tremendous fire on all sides, of round -shot, grape, and musketry, which lasted for an hour: the fire was very -heavy, but they made no effort to storm, though their bugles sounded the -advance repeatedly. - - -_August 25th._--There was the usual heavy cannonade this morning from -the enemy, which continued from 5 to 9 A.M., when it slackened. All the -remaining porter in store (thirty-nine casks) was got out of the -Residency, and removed to another place, consequent on the unsafe state -of the building; nearly one half of which had fallen from round shot, -and the remaining portion was likely to follow. The magazine for the -Post-office battery completed. In the night two sepoys of the 11th were -slightly wounded by random shots. Several coolies were seen coming -through the bazaar from the direction of the Cawnpore road. -Sharp-shooting all day long from the enemy, who had also got a new gun -in position to the right of Mr. Gubbins's post. One mine completed, and -three others steadily progressing; the enemy digging on all sides. - - -_August 26th._--The enemy commenced the day with a very heavy fire of -round shot and musketry a little before daylight, which subsided in a -great measure in about half an hour. Their earthworks had been added to -during the night; but it was difficult to distinguish new work, as the -whole of our position was now surrounded with them on every side quite -close up to us. A jemadar of the 71st was shot dead near the Redan this -morning by one of the enemy's riflemen. The house of Innes was reported -to be in a dangerous state, in consequence of the repeated round shots -through it. Also reports were made of the enemy mining at the Redan. The -enemy unusually quiet, and very little firing went on during the middle -of the day, but they were busily employed in making trenches round us in -every direction, and worked particularly hard in front of the Redan, -with many coolies. No intelligence whatever. One or two servants -deserted last night, and there were reports that all the servants were -thinking of leaving us, unless our reinforcements arrived soon. - - -_August 27th._--A good deal of rain during the night. A heavy cannonade -from the enemy, and the usual amount of musketry fire all the morning. - -To-day, the supplies of the late Brigadier-General Sir Henry Lawrence, -K.C.B., were sold by auction. The brandy realised from 140 to 160 rupees -(16_l._) per dozen; beer averaged from 60 to 70 rupees (7_l._); sherry -70 rupees; hermetically sealed hams from 70 to 75 rupees (7_l._ 10_s._) -each; a bottle of honey 45 rupees (4_l._ 10_s._); rifle gunpowder, 16 -rupees per lb. (1_l._ 12_s._); small cakes of chocolate, from 30 to 40 -rupees (3_l._ to 4_l._); and other things in proportion. Sugar (had -there been any for sale) would have commanded almost any price. - -The enemy brought another gun into position opposite the racket court, -and where we had no means of replying to them. A soldier of the 32nd was -very seriously wounded this morning by a musket-ball, while sitting in -the verandah of Dr. Fayrer's house. In the evening a 3-pounder shot -killed a soldier of the 32nd and carried away the arm of another. A -native officer of the 13th was wounded through the foot by a -musket-ball. Our miners (working in the gallery we had run out -thirty-three feet to the right of the brigade mess-house) heard the -enemy distinctly mining towards us. Their sap seemed to run for the -centre of the brigade mess. - - -_August 28th._--Heavy rain nearly all night, which considerably injured -our sap to the right of the brigade mess, in consequence of it leaking; -the rain ceasing at daylight, we set to work, and in a few hours got if -cleared out, and had our people at work again. A good deal of fever -prevalent, and great mortality among the children, who faded away -rapidly from want of proper food. A smart cannonade at daylight from the -enemy, who fired heavily with two guns on Mr. Gubbins's house; -fortunately no casualties occurred. Last night, three men deserted to -the enemy from Mr. Gubbins's post. One, a chuprassee of Mr. G.'s, took -with him 400 rupees (40_l._) belonging to different people; four -servants belonging to officers also deserted. - -Lieutenant Bonham fired his mortar, equipped as a howitzer, fourteen -times during the day, against the new battery erected against Mr. -Gubbins's post, and with considerable success, having struck it ten -times; but their battery was of great strength, and required a good deal -more battering to do it much mischief. We waited with impatience for the -enemy's miners to break through our gallery, and were obliged to stop -our own men, as the enemy left off work immediately they heard our -people's pickaxe. - -This night we learnt, by a letter from General Havelock, dated Cawnpore, -the 24th instant, that we had no hope of being relieved for another -twenty-five days. - - -_August 29th._--Cooler weather. Our miners busily employed endeavouring -to break into the enemy's gallery, which, though quite close to our own, -had not yet been found. The magazine sergeants at work, making an -expence magazine in the Begum Kotee. The upper story of Mr. Gubbins's -house was no longer safe, owing to the numbers of round shot through it, -and the ladies were removed. Much difficulty was experienced in finding -quarters for them, every place being so crowded, and the ladies were -already four and five together in very small badly ventilated native -buildings; dreadful smells pervading the whole place, from the -half-buried bodies of men, horses, and bullocks, and also from the -drains--some of which were fearfully offensive, as we had no means of -attending to them. Several more servants deserted last night; which -caused the very greatest inconvenience, as already very few officers had -any. About 10 A.M. our miners broke into the enemy's gallery, which they -immediately abandoned, and began to fill in the shaft; we as instantly -applied a barrel of powder at the farther end of their sap, and blew up -their work altogether. Our men brought away their lantern, tools, and a -bottle of oil, which in their haste they had left. Very heavy rain all -the forenoon. - -Sickness became daily more prevalent, and a number of officers and "the -uncovenanted" were daily placed on the sick list. To-day it was decided -to issue one month's pay after the 1st proximo, for the month of July. -The heavy rain caused one of the enemy's mines, running towards the -outpost called Mrs. Sago's house, to fall in. This mine was never known -to us, or even suspected. Many and grave doubts and suspicions were -entertained that the enemy were running a mine towards the Redan -battery. Captain Fulton, Garrison Engineer, did not, however, share in -this opinion. A native artilleryman, who belonged to a number -entertained by Mr. Gubbins, deserted from his post while on sentry over -one of the guns in Mr. G.'s compound. A European sentry fired at him, -but did not succeed in hitting him. - -Now that it appeared evident that the siege must last in all probability -another month, increased care and vigilance in the issuing of all stores -was observed. The rain cleared off towards evening. A considerable -cannonade all through the night. - - -_August 30th._--A heavy cannonade all night. Four half-castes -(Christians) one of whom had been made a local sergeant, and was -head-writer in Captain Weston's office, deserted to the enemy; having -broke open the door in the barrier they had to defend, and left the post -unprotected. He took with him, in addition to Captain Boileau's gun, -five drummers, formerly in the king of Oude's service, two drummers of -the 48th, and some ten native servants. An eight-inch shell burst in the -native hospital this morning, killing one native and wounding two -others. An attack was expected to-day, and everything was prepared as -far as possible to repel it. A good many cases of fever. Divine service -was performed at the brigade mess at noon, and at Mr. Gubbins's house at -2 P.M., when the sacrament was administered, and at Dr. Fayrer's house -at half-past 5 P.M. To-day, Lieut. Bonham, of the artillery, was very -severely wounded by a musket-ball, while sitting in the doorway of the -Post-office: he was a very great loss to the garrison, having very -greatly distinguished himself throughout the siege; particularly in the -accuracy with which he used his mortars, and the excellent practice he -had made with a mortar which he had made to act as a howitzer. This was -the third time he had been wounded since hostilities began on the 30th -of June. Very little firing during the middle of the day, and not much -movement observable among the enemy. A European soldier of the 32nd died -very suddenly to-day; he lost the use of his side from sleeping in the -wet trenches, and died in hospital a few hours after. Europeans and -natives all greatly distressed on account of the want of tobacco, of -which we have had none left for distribution for a considerable time -past. Great difficulty was experienced in getting shelter for women and -children; so many houses had been destroyed by the round shot and shells -of the enemy: all suffered greatly from being crowded together in low, -small, badly ventilated buildings. The dreadful stench which pervaded -that part of the defences held by the commissariat officers and the -uncovenanted service, exceeded all belief. It arose from the decayed -entrails of the bullocks and sheep daily killed by the butchers, and of -which we had no means of disposing, but by throwing them over the -defences: the decayed boosah and vegetable matter which here also -abounded, assisting in creating a stench which was probably never -exceeded. Nearly every officer who slept at this post was laid up with -fever at one time or another; but as it was one of the weakest parts of -our defences, it was absolutely requisite that two officers should be -ever with the party occupying it. A false alarm at sunset, and a heavy -cannonade brought the day's proceedings to a close. - - -_August 31st._--The enemy fired at intervals very hard, both guns and -musketry, particularly towards daylight. Then we found they had got -another very large gun, apparently a 32-pounder, in position under the -Lutkun Durwaza, and about 100 yards from the Baillie Guard gates, on -which it fired several times, smashing two ammunition waggons with which -the gates were barricaded. Towards the middle of the day the enemy were -unusually quiet, confining themselves to sharp-shooting. An excellent -artillery sergeant was killed at Mr. Gubbins's post, by a rifle-ball, -which struck him in the side. - -The heat excessive. In the evening, the kitmutghar of the late Captain -Hayes, military secretary, who had come in some ten days before, and was -believed to be a spy, escaped from the 84th Guard during the night, and -contrived to get clear away. He had been kept in confinement from the -time of his coming in, and had not been allowed to converse with any -one; and therefore could give little or no information. About 10 P.M. -the enemy very suddenly opened from nearly all their guns, and threw in -a heavy fire of musketry, which subsided in about half an hour. All the -13th Native Infantry employed in making a new sunken battery to the -right of the guard-room, in order to oppose the battery of the enemy -which was located in the Lutkun Durwaza. Our people in the Redan battery -had a narrow escape from an 8-inch shell, which just cleared the parapet -and exploded outside. - - -_September 1st._--A fine breezy morning. Not very much firing; but a -great deal of bugling was heard among the enemy's troops during the -early part of the morning. Rumours that the half-caste Christians who -deserted had been murdered. The enemy's 24-pounder fired several shots -during the morning, which took effect on the gates, smashing them -considerably. The enemy reported to be running another mine towards the -brigade mess. - -Our third sap from Anderson's post nearly completed, and considerable -progress made in the one commenced out of Sago's house. All the boys in -garrison above ten years of age were collected and set to work with -hand-mills, to assist in grinding flour for the use of the garrison. -Sickness showed itself amongst the bullocks; and in the last two days -two bullocks had to be suddenly killed, in order to save the meat. This -was most unfortunate, as the stock in hand would not last (even at the -reduced rate of rations) the time we might probably be besieged. -Arrangements were made to have some artillery and irregular cavalry -horses that were wounded, or from want of condition were unserviceable, -turned out on this evening. The last cook-boy of the artillery absconded -last night. This put the men to much inconvenience, as they had now to -draw their rations with Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment; but it was better -for the service, as now there was no excuse for any of the guns' crews -leaving their batteries for their food. This morning some fresh beef was -accidentally removed from the slaughter-yard in one of the magazine -carts. As these carts were used also for transporting grain, it excited -remark amongst some Seikhs. The cart in question was immediately marked -in the presence of the Commissariat Establishment, and strict orders -were given that it should not be used again. This shows how careful we -had to be with all the natives about their castes. - -In the evening, about dusk, two European artillerymen were struck in the -Post-office battery by an 18-pounder shot, which killed both. Great -progress was made in the battery which was erected by the 13th Native -Infantry, for the 18-pounder to be placed in at the Baillie Guard gate. -Two 8-inch shells exploded in the vicinity of our magazine, but without -doing any injury. Our third mine from Anderson's house completed, but -not charged, it being retained as a listening gallery. Another shaft for -a mine was struck out from Captain Saunders' post, to be ready to meet -the enemy's so soon as it could be ascertained which way they were -mining. The cook-boys of two companies of the 32nd Foot deserted to-day, -which caused extreme inconvenience. - - -_2nd September._--Sounds of mining heard near the slaughter-house. This -was quite a new direction for the enemy to commence this work at; but it -had not yet been ascertained for a certainty, and appeared most -unlikely. Last night three men of Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment died in -hospital. - -About 9 A.M. this morning a mine of the enemy was discovered within -thirty feet of Captain Saunders' post: they came up to a well, and, not -knowing what it was, made a hole in the surface; when the smoke from -their lamp became apparent. A countermine was immediately commenced and -run out sixteen feet, and within two feet of the enemy; it was quickly -loaded and tamped for about fourteen feet, and the head of their gallery -was blown in. Their miners were heard at work when the hose of our mine -was ignited; and it was believed they must have sustained some loss. -Another of the enemy's mines was also discovered this morning, coming -for the centre of the brigade mess-house; but we had a shaft and gallery -ready to frustrate their efforts. One of the sepoys of the 13th Regiment -Native Infantry was severely wounded this morning while standing sentry. -We had a heavy cannonade from the enemy in the afternoon, and some -alteration was made in the position of some of their guns on the -Cawnpore side of our position. The advance of a month's pay, which had -been offered to all natives, was declined by the 13th, 48th, and 71st, -and pensioners, and only four rupees each was received by the Seikh -Cavalry, as all preferred to receive it in arrears hereafter. This spoke -volumes for their faithfulness. - -This evening a very sad event occurred. Lieut. Birch, of the 59th -Regiment Native Infantry, attached to the Engineer department, went out -at dusk, accompanied by four other officers, to explore some old ruins -quite close to the north side of our position, in order to see if there -were any traces of mining. The work had been most satisfactorily -performed, and the party were returning, when a sentry of the 32nd -Regiment, who, unfortunately, had not received the caution that a party -was going out and to be careful not to fire, seeing objects moving in -the dark outside our limits, fired his musket; lamentable to relate, it -took effect, and the bullet passed through the lower part of the belly -of Lieutenant Birch, who died two hours after. He was a gallant and -efficient officer, and had only been married six months. His loss was -greatly deplored by the garrison. Our miners were all hard at work all -day, countermining the enemy, who still persevered in their efforts to -blow us up. - - -_September 3rd._--About 2 A.M. a very heavy cannonade from the enemy -till 9 A.M. Unbarricaded a door leading out of our position, and turned -loose during the night sixteen horses and a mule, which had been -wounded, and were unfit for use. Further efforts made to limit the -supply of flour, and issue wheat in lieu thereof. Advances of pay made -to officers, ladies, the civil and uncovenanted service, and a few -natives who desired it. - -The sun particularly powerful, and as during the nights a heavy dew -fell, and occasionally the mornings were very cool, great fears were -entertained for the health of our men; especially as nearly all had to -sleep in the trenches. Consequently search was everywhere made for tents -to shelter them; but the majority of these had been used as barricades -and other defences, and were now, from exposure to the rain, &c., -completely rotten and useless. - -The enemy commenced mining at Sago's garrison, and a shaft and gallery -were made to meet them. In the evening there was a heavy cannonade on -Mr. Gubbins's post. A soldier of the 32nd was dangerously wounded at -Innes' house by an 18-pounder shot, and another slightly wounded by -grape shot. Much heavy firing from the enemy. Very severe work at -mining, as our people were employed at four different points. After 10 -P.M. an exceedingly heavy cannonade accompanied by musketry. The enemy -were distinctly heard repairing their batteries, and moving a heavy gun -with elephants, in the direction of the Cawnpore battery. - - -_September 4th._--The usual cannon and musketry throughout the night, -which greatly increased after daylight, but gradually subsided after 9 -A.M. into a few solitary discharges of cannon. The outer wall of the -mess house was greatly injured by the constant firing from the enemy's -guns, although it was of great solidity. Between 9 and 10 A.M. an -unusual commotion was observable in the town, and the streets were much -crowded, for which we were unable to account; whatever it was, the crowd -gradually dispersed, and by 11 A.M. all was tranquil, and the enemy's -guards were relieved as usual at that hour. - -Towards the middle of the day there was very little firing from the -enemy: they could be distinctly heard in three of our listening -galleries, sapping steadily towards us. A 32nd soldier was severely -contused to-day by a round shot, while on duty in the Cawnpore battery, -and another wounded by a musket-ball. About 4·30 P.M. Major Bručre, -commanding the 13th Regiment Native Infantry, went on the top of the -brigade mess to endeavour to pick off some of the enemy's gunners. -Unfortunately, in his anxiety to get a shot at some riflemen, he -somewhat unnecessarily exposed himself, and was hit by a rifle-ball -through the chest, which almost immediately proved fatal. His death was -very greatly lamented by the sepoys of the 13th, with whom he was very -popular: they insisted on carrying his remains to the grave, and his -funeral was attended by all the men of the 13th who could be permitted -to leave their trenches. The eighteen-pounder battery made by the sepoys -of the 13th, was now nearly completed, and was sixteen feet thick, -besides the wall in front; the eighteen-pounder intended for it was got -down, and put in position. The enemy were evidently aware of what we -were about, as two shells fell quite close; one just inside, and the -other outside the new battery. - -The outer wall and buildings on the top of the mess house fell in this -evening, with a great crash, consequent on the outer wall having been -completely breached; fortunately no one was hurt, and several ladies and -children still clung to the inner rooms for shelter, preferring the -chance of a round shot or musket-ball to the fetid close atmosphere of -an already overcrowded hovel in the interior of our position; which, -after all, was perhaps hardly any safer from the fire of the enemy. - - -_September 5th._--A fine moonlight morning. Soon after daylight, the -enemy commenced the severest cannonade we had yet had. About 8000 -infantry and about 500 horse were by sunrise seen moving about round our -position, and evidently preparing for an attack. The garrison were -soon--every man--on the alert, and remained patiently under a tremendous -fire of cannon, awaiting the enemy's onset. They soon opened fire from a -new battery of two guns across the river; and about 10 A.M. exploded two -mines, one (a large one), close to the 18-pounder battery, and the -other, a smaller one, at the brigade-mess (which we had countermined and -were about to blow up.) Providentially, the enemy had miscalculated -their distance in both instances, and were just short of our defences, -and neither explosion did us any harm. As soon as the cloud of dust and -smoke had cleared away, they advanced under cover of a tremendous fire -on several points--particularly at Mr. Gubbins's post--where they came -on resolutely and planted an enormous ladder against the bastion to -mount it. Several reached the top, but were so steadily received with -musketry and hand grenades, that none could gain a footing: and after -several leaders had fallen, the rest fell back to the cover of the -neighbouring houses, where they kept up a tremendous fire. Their loss -was very heavy, as they showed themselves well; particularly in the -garden close to the brigade-mess and Sikh square, where they fell -rapidly to our rifles and muskets. Long after the action, they could be -seen carrying away their killed and wounded over the bridges. - -During the attack we only had one havildar of pensioners and two sepoys -of the 13th killed, and one soldier of the 32nd wounded (loss of hand), -from round shot. Eight sepoys of the 13th Native Infantry, assisted by -three artillerymen, loaded and worked the 18-pounder in the 13th -battery, and after three or four rounds succeeded in silencing the -18-pounder opposed to them. The sepoys were very proud of this battery, -which was entirely under their charge, and constructed solely by them, -under the superintendence of the Engineers. A fearfully hot-day, and a -broiling sun, to which all were exposed for nearly the entire day. -During last night another shaft, eight feet deep, was sunk by the -officers of the brigade-mess as a listening gallery, in case the enemy -should run a sap in that direction. - -In the evening, the enemy seemed disgusted with their want of success in -the morning, and confined themselves to a few shots now and then from -their batteries. An 18-pounder came right through the hospital from -their new work across the river, and passed through the whole length of -the building, which was crowded with patients, and very slightly wounded -Lieutenant Charlton and a soldier of the 32nd, both of whom were lying -there wounded. Passing as it did through the entire length of such a -crowded space, it was perfectly extraordinary that this ball did not do -more harm. - -After all attacks, the enemy were most determined in their efforts to -carry off their dead, and generally contrived to do so at night. To-day, -as usual, the leading men were most of them knocked over, which greatly -discouraged their followers. All reports from positions which commanded -any views of the enemy retreating, agreed in saying that they seemed -to-day more thoroughly beaten than ever. - -Lieutenant James Graham, of the 4th Cavalry, shot himself through the -head this morning with his revolver, in a fit of temporary insanity: he -left a wife and child. - - -_September 6th._--At 12 o'clock midnight, the garrison was aroused by a -heavy cannonade from all sides, and much bugling and shouting; but it -all gradually subsided in about half an hour, without any reply from our -side: during it a soldier of the 32nd lost his leg from a round shot. -This morning, the enemy were unusually quiet, and their guns more silent -than it was remembered for a long time. - -The rains seemed to have cleared off, and the sun was most powerful. Our -live stock was now fast diminishing in numbers, and had any disease -broke out amongst them, it would have been a most serious loss. Our -stock of rum and porter was also fast running very low. Now that the -stagnant water was fast drying up, the miasmatic stenches in various -parts of the garrison were of a morning almost insupportable; and it was -greatly feared would produce much fever and other illness. About 1 P.M., -the Engineers made a small sortie from Innes' post, and blew down a -house which yesterday the enemy commenced to loophole; and which, had -they succeeded in doing, would have been a most serious matter to Innes' -garrison, in the present shattered and dilapidated state of the house -they occupy, caused by the effects of round shot, which had steadily for -the last month been fired into it from guns of heavy calibre. Captain -Fulton of the Engineers was slightly contused by an explosion to-day. -About 10 P.M. the enemy sent two men with loads of combustibles, to -place under the entrance gates, to set fire to them; they were seen, and -one was shot dead by the sentry, on which the other fled. An hour later, -they made a very smart attack on the Baillie Guard gate, but were -quickly driven back: during this affair, a very excellent native officer -(a subadar), of the 13th Regiment Native Infantry, was killed in the -13th battery. - - -_September 7th._--The enemy were unusually quiet with their cannon this -morning, contenting themselves with mining, while we as busily -endeavoured to countermine them. An unusual commotion among them: large -numbers crossing and re-crossing the bridge of boats; and about 11 A.M. -a regiment, with colours, and band playing, and about 1000 matchlockmen, -passed from right to left of our position. About 5000 men passed during -the afternoon from right to left; many of them seemed as though they had -marched in from a distance. Heavy showers during the afternoon; the -garrison constantly wet. - -Our miners, both European and native, were greatly done up with their -day and night exertions, which were absolutely requisite for our -preservation. In all these operations the Seikhs and Hindoostanee sepoys -worked remarkably well. - - -_September 8th._--Captain Simons of the Artillery, who had been long -suffering from his wounds, died early this morning. A tolerable -cannonade kept up all night. The enemy had now completed a breach in the -wall enclosing the courtyard of the Martiniere School, broad enough for -four or five men to pass through abreast, and which we were obliged to -retrench and stockade. Nearly one-half of the officers were on the sick -list, with fever and dysentery. - -The shot fired in by the enemy were yesterday collected, and 280 round -shot, varying in size from a 24 to a 3-pounder, were gathered from the -roof of the brigade-mess alone! In the evening we had heavy rain and a -moderate cannonade. - - -_September 9th._--During the night a shell exploded in a room occupied -by a lady and some children, and though almost every article in the room -was destroyed, yet all providentially escaped. - -Finding this morning that the enemy were rapidly mining towards the -Cawnpore battery, it was deemed advisable that our mine, containing 200 -lbs. of powder, which had been ready and charged for upwards of a month, -should be exploded; and accordingly, at 10 A.M., it was sprung. The -effect was tremendous, and it evidently astonished the enemy, whose -miners must have been destroyed. They immediately beat to arms, and -opened on us from most of their batteries on that side of our position. -When the smoke and dust (which were tremendous) had blown away, it was -seen that the explosion had destroyed all the front face of the -outhouses opposite our battery. - -In the evening a body of 3000 men moved up to our right flank, which -caused us all to keep particularly on the alert. About 11 P.M. very -heavy rain began to fall, and the early part of the night passed away -quietly. For the third time since the siege commenced there was no -funeral on this day. - - -_September 10th._--The rain cleared away towards morning, and all was -moderately quiet till 6 A.M., from which hour till 10 A.M. an unusually -heavy cannonade was kept up, and replied to by our guns and mortars. All -the state jewels were brought over from the Residency, and put into the -Begum Kotee for better security. - -Owing to the necessity for blowing up the Muchee Bhawun, the officers -brought in with them nothing but the clothes they wore. Many others in -this garrison had lost everything when their bungalows in cantonments -were burnt; and a few better off had shared their wardrobes with them. -As time went on, however, clothes wore out, and there were no means of -providing others; and by this time officers might have been seen wearing -the most extraordinary costumes; few, if any, had any semblance of a -military uniform, and very many were in shirts, trowsers, and slippers -only; one gallant civilian having found an old billiard-table cloth, had -contrived to make himself a kind of loose coat out of it, while an -officer wore a shirt made out of a floor cloth. All carried muskets, and -were accoutred like the soldiers. At the auction of the effects of an -officer recently killed, a single bottle of brandy realised seventeen -rupees (thirty-four shillings). The soldiers had for a month past all -been out of tobacco, and had taken to smoking dried tea and common -leaves. Not very much firing in the evening. - - -_September 11th._--This was a quieter night than usual with the -garrison. Much disturbance was heard among the enemy, and the noise of -elephants was distinctly heard, as if they were moving some of their -guns into other positions. About sunrise, two sides of Innes' house, -which had been steadily cannonaded daily with 18-pounder shot, fell in, -and the two sentries on that side escaped with difficulty; the post was, -however, still nobly held, and preparation made for making some kind of -a defence out of the debris. Many bodies of armed men were seen moving -about, and we had the usual three hours' morning cannonade. About 10 -A.M., as our mine out of the Seikh square (which had been charged with -200 lbs. of powder) was ready, it was determined to explode it, as the -enemy's miners could be very distinctly heard sapping quite close; it -was very successful, completely destroying all their excavations, and -buried the party who were at work, the groans and moans of some of whom -were heard for some time after. Later in the day, another mine of the -enemy was discovered in the churchyard. A sortie was made under Captain -Fulton of the Engineers (the ground being open), and the working party -were driven off and their work examined. It proved to be shaft and -gallery, fully five feet high, and extended twenty-four feet, running in -a straight line to the church: two barrels of powder were separately -exploded in it, and completely destroyed the entire work. Two of the -enemy were shot by Lieutenant Sewell this afternoon. - -At dusk, the enemy threw in (apparently from a howitzer) five hollow -iron cylinders, filled with a composition (similar to that with which we -are accustomed to fill our carcases) done up in strong canvas. On -reaching the ground, the apparatus burst, and the five cylinders spouted -forth fire without any further explosion: this, perhaps, was the most -curious and complicated projectile that had yet been received by the -garrison. At 7 P.M. very heavy rain, which lasted an hour and a half. - - -_September 12th._--A tremendous row and noise in the city all night. A -shaft sunk in the centre of the brigade-mess, in view to running a sap -out across the road into the garden, in front of the enemy's battery. -Rather less firing all day than usual. Very large bodies of matchlockmen -were seen moving about, but a smaller proportion of sepoys. A soldier of -the 32nd and an uncovenanted man were wounded; the former in the head, -the latter through the hand. During the past few days no case of cholera -occurred. In the evening after dark, the 71st sepoys were employed under -Lieutenant Langmore in bringing in some tents which were piled up in the -Residency garden; while so employed, one of the enemy came up, evidently -having mistaken our party for one of his own. He was immediately seized -by two sepoys and brought in. An European sentry was killed to-day -through a small loophole in the Redan, out of which he was looking, and -another in the same battery was wounded during the night. - - -_September 12th._--A smart cannonade at daylight. Considerable progress -was made in our new mines out of the Cawnpore battery and brigade-mess. -Captain Mansfield was seized with cholera early this morning, and died a -few hours after. A great number of matchlockmen seen moving about in the -bazaar. Enormous prices offered in the garrison for all kinds of -supplies. A small fowl was to-day purchased by a gentleman for his sick -wife for 20 rupees (2_l._) A bottle of Curaçoa sold at auction a day or -two ago for 16 rupees, and the same price was freely offered for two -pounds of sugar. Divine service performed at the brigade-mess, and at -Dr. Fayrer's to all who were able to attend. A man came in about 8 P.M. -from the city. He could not or would not give any information, was -looked upon as a spy, ironed and placed in the main-guard. A tolerably -quiet evening. - - -_September 14th._--A good many matchlockmen were seen coming into the -town during the day, both over the stone bridge and the bridge of boats. -For the last two days, the bugles of the enemy had not been heard, which -led us to conclude that the head-quarters of regiments had probably left -the city. A few doolies were seen passing down the Cawnpore road, and a -man (apparently of some consequence) was observed haranguing a mob in -the city. There was the usual amount of firing and sharp-shooting all -day. - -A grievous occurrence took place in the afternoon. Captain Fulton of the -Engineers, while reconnoitring from a battery in Mr. Gubbins's post, was -killed dead by a round shot, which struck him on the head. He had -conducted all the engineering operations of the siege for a considerable -time previous to the death of his chief (Major Anderson). He was a -highly gifted, cool, brave, and chivalrous officer, fertile in -resources, and a favourite with both officers and men. His loss was -acutely felt. - - -_September 15th._--The 18-pounder battery beyond Innes' house fired -heavily, and reduced Innes' house to almost a heap of ruins; the shot -came right across the entire open space round the Residency, and one -soldier of the 32nd was mortally and another slightly wounded. The -breach in the Seikh square made by the enemy was now tolerably -retrenched. The inner square was well loopholed and barricaded, so that -even if the enemy had made their way in, they would have been unable to -make a lodgment. The vicinity of the houses to our defences in the outer -square rendered mining easy, and we took and blew up three of the -enemy's mines at this point alone. Lieutenant Fullerton of the 16th -Regiment Native Infantry, died in hospital this morning. - -To-day the verandah of the Residency fell in with a great crash, from -the effects of the battering it had received from the enemy's 18-pound -shot. This afternoon, a mortar, equipped as a howitzer (on Lieutenant -Bonham's principle), was put in position against the 18-pounder battery -opposite Innes' house, and fired several shots, which kept the enemy's -gun in check; and one shell having blown away most of their parapet, -they did not fire again from it during the evening. Under the direction -of the garrison engineer, a shaft was commenced in the Baillie Guard -gate by the sepoys of 13th Regiment Native Infantry, in order to run a -sap out in the direction of the Lutkun Durwaza; eight feet and a half -were this evening accomplished. It is intended as a safeguard, to cut -off any mine that the enemy may be running towards the gateway. - - -_September 16th._--A very sharp cannonade from daylight, for three -hours. An 8-inch shell fell in the rear of the 13th battery, (for the -second time since the commencement of hostilities) and mortally wounded -a sepoy, and slightly wounded a subadar. Enemy were very busy erecting -(apparently) a new battery, to the right of our Cawnpore battery; but it -was difficult at the time to say what it was intended for: the people -working at it were greatly annoyed by our shells, and it made but little -progress, except during the night. They were also very hard at work in -front of the Redan battery, where they had made deep trenches in all -directions. - -Ungud, pensioner and spy, was sent out at about 10 P.M. with a letter, -done up in a piece of quill, to take to General Havelock at Cawnpore, -and was promised a large reward if he brought a reply. Preparations made -for getting the mortar howitzer into the courtyard in rear of the -brigade-mess, by cutting a road through the intermediate walls. The mine -out of the brigade-mess building, and that out of the Cawnpore battery, -were worked all night, and considerable progress was made in both. The -rains seemed quite over, the sun was very powerful, and much fever -prevailed. Not so much firing as usual in the evening, and only one -shell came in. Much bugling among the enemy during the night. - - -_September 17th._--All very much as usual, with rather less firing. Many -vague rumours were abroad in the garrison, all without foundation. The -mortar howitzer was got into position behind the brigade mess; the -second shell thrown from it severely wounded two of our servants, in -consequence of the shell having exploded before it cleared our defences. -After the range was, however, once got, the practice was good, and -several shells exploded in the embrasure of the enemy's battery. The -mine out of the brigade-mess and that out of the Cawnpore battery, -damaged during the day by round shot, was also repaired by a working -party of sepoys from the 48th regiment Native Infantry. The sentry of -the 32nd Foot, on duty at the church, had his head carried off by a -round shot. Exactly at midnight the enemy made a demonstration on -Saunders's post, and fired heavy volleys of musketry, but made no -attempt to advance; in about half an hour, after a few shells had been -thrown among them, they retired. - -Many cases of fever and dysentery. Two sepoys of the 13th died in -hospital of their wounds. The Seikh cavalry sowars, under Lieutenant -Hardinge, worked at the barricade across the breach in the third Seikh -square, and still further strengthened it. - - -_September 18th._--Nothing new to record. Each day passed away much like -its predecessor, with the same amount of cannonading and musketry fire. - -Throughout the siege, a regular system of look-out was organised from -the top of the tower in the Residency, which commanded a view of the -river, the three bridges, and the open country beyond; and also from the -roof of the Post-office, from which a great part of the city and the -road to Cawnpore could be observed. At the former post the officers were -relieved every two hours, and at the latter hourly. At each post a book -was kept, in which whatever had been observed was noted down, and if -anything unusual, or any new work of the enemy was seen, a report of it -was instantly forwarded for Brigadier Inglis's information. A new truck -was constructed to enable us to fit out another mortar as a howitzer, -for it would be impossible to say how greatly we felt throughout the -siege the want of a couple of 8-inch howitzers. To-day, the enemy threw -in (evidently from a 13-inch mortar) a piece of wood of very great -weight, which measured twelve inches in diameter and eighteen in length! -It made a prodigious noise as it passed through the air. - -In consequence of the very small stock of rum left in store, all the -Europeans were reduced to one dram each per day. This was perhaps the -quietest day of the siege up to this date, as we had nothing but a few -stray cannon shots and a slight musketry fire throughout the twenty-four -hours. About 11 P.M. a very considerable noise was heard in the town, -together with much bugling and shouting. - - -_September 19th._--This morning, almost before daylight, we commenced a -heavy cannonade from the Post-office on the battery in the square house -opposite. During the morning the enemy kept up also a heavy fire all -around; particularly on the Residency, which now wore a most desolate -tumbledown and dilapidated appearance, from the effect of round shot -which had been steadily poured into it daily from the commencement of -the siege. About 10·30 A.M. the enemy's battery in the square house, -opposite the Post-office was set on fire by our shot, and a pretty sharp -fusillade and cannonade was kept up by us to prevent the enemy from -distinguishing it; the fire however soon died out. An auction was held -this day in the Residency of the property (clothes, &c.) of deceased -officers, and the prices that all useful articles fetched was enormous: -for instance, a new flannel shirt was knocked down for forty rupees, -while five old ones were sold for 112 rupees, and a bottle of brandy -brought twenty rupees. A man of the 84th was shot dead at Sago's post -early this morning. During the day the enemy threw into our position, -probably from an enormous mortar, six pieces of wood about the size and -shape of a large oyster barrel; they were thrown up in the air to an -enormous height, and came down with almost incredible force. - - -_September 20th._--At 1 A.M. a smart musketry fire and cannonade took -place, which lasted for about half an hour. At daylight discovered two -new batteries, which the enemy had very nearly completed, and one of -which contained a 32-pounder. We opened on them with a howitzer and an -18-pounder, but did them little mischief; the batteries having been made -excessively strong, with enormous beams of wood and earth. We however, -entirely prevented them from working at either battery during the -ensuing night. The Cawnpore battery was repaired, and the centre mine -from the brigade mess was connected with the one we had previously run -out from the left. The guard-room at Anderson's house was lowered by -digging out the floor, so as to keep the guard clear of the round shot -which passed through it; the 13th mine was also worked eighteen feet -further. A very considerable noise was heard in the city for some hours -after dark. During the day nearly as many men as usual seen moving -about. A private of Her Majesty's 32nd at Innes' post was killed by a -round shot. - - -_September 21st._--Between 12 and 1 o'clock A.M. the enemy suddenly -began a very smart musketry fire all along the city side of our -position, and opened from their guns. We threw a few shells amongst -them; and their fire soon subsided into the usual steady fire which had -gone on every night of the siege. - -About 4 A.M., we had very heavy rain which lasted till about 11 A.M. The -heavy rain seemed to keep the enemy quiet, and there was little firing -on either side till 1 P.M., when one of our 18-pounders at the -Post-office opened on the enemy's new 32-pounder battery, and knocked -their parapet about, leaving the gun greatly exposed; which enabled -Captain Saunders's garrison to pick off two of the enemy's gunners at -the gun, and keep it silent for the rest of the day. In the afternoon, -the enemy battered down a great portion of the wall enclosing the -building occupied by the Martiniere school-boys, and killed a -water-carrier who was drawing water at the time, and who was knocked -dead into the well; which was a great misfortune, as none of the natives -would again use it. The body was got up soon after. Not many armed men -were seen in the morning beyond the enemy's regular relief of guards and -pickets. At 10 P.M. heavy rain came on. About 11 P.M. the enemy were -reported to be in unusual strength near the Seikh square, on which all -were kept well on the alert. A shell was thrown among them, but nothing -further took place. - - -_September 22nd._--Continued heavy rain, which fell without cessation -till about 3 P.M. The garrison were in a great state of discomfort, as -little shelter was to be had anywhere; the roofs of all the buildings -were so injured from eighty-four days' constant cannonading that but few -could boast of a waterproof residence. Lieutenant Cunliffe of the -Artillery, died early this morning from fever; he had previously been -wounded. A Seikh sepoy of the 13th, a native artilleryman, two private -servants, and three grass-cutters deserted during the night; and in the -course of the morning four cook boys contrived to desert during the -heavy rain. The rain did considerable damage to various parts of our -defences, washing down many of the fascines in the batteries, and -causing several parts of the defences at Mr. Gubbins's and Innes' post -to fall down. A great part of the outside wall of the brigade mess also -fell from the same cause. Towards evening the enemy opened their guns, -and we dismounted one of their 9-pounders by a shell, which fell on the -top of one of them and killed two gunners. About 11 P.M. Ungud, -pensioner, returned, bringing us a letter containing the glad tidings -that our relieving force, under General Outram, had crossed the Ganges, -and would arrive in a few days. His arrival, and the cheering news he -brought of speedy aid, was well-timed; for neither our fast diminishing -stores, the vague and uncertain rumours of the advent of reinforcements, -nor the daily sights and sounds by which we were surrounded, were -calculated to inspire confidence and check desertion among the servants -and camp followers. All the garrison were greatly elated with the news, -and on many of the sick and wounded, the speedy prospect of a change of -air and security exercised a most beneficial effect. Heavy rain fell -about 11 P.M. - - -_September 23rd._--About 3 A.M. the rain cleared off, and at 11 A.M. the -sun came out and the clouds dispersed, and gave promise of fair weather. -A smart cannonade was heard in the direction of Cawnpore; several -imagined they also heard musketry, and the sound was listened to with -the most intense and even painful anxiety by the garrison, who felt -assured it must be their friends advancing to their assistance. But it -was hardly expected that our force could have advanced so far, owing to -the heavy rain which had fallen, and the state in consequence that the -roads and country were in; however at 5 P.M. another distant cannonade -was heard which lasted for half an hour, and which appeared much nearer -than before: this elicited many and divers opinions, and created the -greatest possible excitement. - -Throughout the day, large bodies of troops with guns and ammunition -waggons were seen moving about in the city, in the early part of the day -to the right, and later, in large bodies to the left. In the afternoon, -the enemy placed a gun in position facing down the Kass bazaar street, -with what object it was impossible to say. We threw many shells into the -city during the day among the parties of the enemy seen moving about. At -9 P.M. heavy rain began and fell for two hours. - - -_September 24th._--Everything most unusually quiet throughout the night, -and only one or two cannon shot were fired early in the morning. A -considerable body of cavalry were seen moving to the right through the -city, and about 8·30 A.M. a distant cannonade was heard, which continued -nearly all day. - -We had no news of any kind, and the anxiety of the garrison was very -great. During the morning, large bodies of the enemy were seen moving -through the city to the right and left. Ensign Hewitt, of the 41st -Regiment Native Infantry, was slightly contused on the head by bricks -struck out of a wall by a round shot. At 8 P.M. the enemy made a false -attack on the Cawnpore battery, keeping up a heavy cannonade and -musketry fire which lasted for about half an hour, after which all -became moderately quiet. During the night guns were heard in the -direction of the Cawnpore road, and the flash of them could be very -distinctly seen; they were supposed to be about seven miles distant. - - -_September 25th._--A very unquiet night. Two alarms, one at 1·30 A.M. -and another at 4 A.M. The whole garrison were under arms nearly the -whole night. A very great disturbance in the city, in the direction of -Mr. Gubbins's post especially. To the very great regret of the garrison, -Captain Radcliffe of the 7th Light Cavalry was dangerously wounded while -in command of the Cawnpore battery. About 10 A.M. a messenger came in -bringing in a letter of the 16th instant from General Outram, dated -Cawnpore, announcing his being about to cross over to this side of the -Ganges, and march on to Lucknow. The messenger could give no account of -our force, beyond its having reached the outskirts of the city. - -About 11 A.M. nearly all sound of firing had ceased, but increased -agitation was visible among the people in the town, in which two large -fires were seen. An hour later, the sound of musketry and the smoke of -guns was distinctly perceived within the limits of the city. All the -garrison was on the alert, and the excitement amongst many of the -officers and soldiers was quite painful to witness. At 1·30 P.M. many of -the people of the city commenced leaving, with bundles of clothes, &c. -on their heads, and took the direction of cantonments across the -different bridges. At 2 P.M. armed men and sepoys commenced to follow -them, accompanied by large bodies of Irregular Cavalry. Every gun and -mortar that could be brought to bear on the evidently retreating enemy, -was fired as fast as possible, for at least an hour and a half. The -enemy's bridge of boats had evidently been destroyed and broken away, -for many were seen swimming across the river, most of them cavalry with -their horses' bridles in their hands. Strange to relate, during all this -apparent panic, the guns of the enemy in position all round us kept up a -heavy cannonade, and the matchlockmen or riflemen never ceased firing -from their respective loopholes. - -At 4 P.M. report was made that some officers dressed in shooting coats -and solah caps, a regiment of Europeans in blue pantaloons and shirts, -and a bullock battery were seen near Mr. Martin's house and the Motee -Muhal. At 5 P.M. volleys of musketry, rapidly growing louder, were heard -in the city. But soon the firing of a minié ball over our heads gave -notice of the still nearer approach of our friends; of whom as yet -little or nothing had been seen, though the enemy were to be seen firing -heavily on them from many of the roofs of the houses. Five minutes -later, and our troops were seen fighting their way through one of the -principal streets; and though men fell at almost every step, yet nothing -could withstand the headlong gallantry of our reinforcements. Once -fairly SEEN, all our doubts and fears regarding; them were ended: and -then the garrison's long pent-up feelings of anxiety and suspense burst -forth in a succession of deafening cheers; from every pit, trench and -battery--from behind the sandbags piled on shattered houses--from every -post still held by a few gallant spirits, rose cheer on cheer--even from -the hospital! Many of the wounded crawled forth to join in that glad -shout of welcome to those who had so bravely come to our assistance. It -was a moment never to be forgotten. - -Soon all the rear-guard and heavy guns were inside our position; and -then ensued a scene which baffles description. For eighty-seven days the -Lucknow garrison had lived in utter ignorance of all that had taken -place outside. Wives who had long mourned their husbands as dead, were -again restored to them; others, fondly looking forward to glad meetings -with those near and dear to them, now for the first time learnt that -they were alone. On all sides eager inquiries for relations and friends -were made. Alas! in too many instances the answer was a painful one. - -The force under the command of General Sir James Outram, G.C.B., came to -our assistance at a heavy sacrifice to themselves. Of 2600 who left -Cawnpore, nearly one-third was either killed or wounded in forcing their -way through the city: indeed, the losses were so heavy that they could -effect nothing towards our relief; as the enemy were in overpowering -force, and the position having been extended, in order to accommodate as -far as possible our great increase in numbers, and the guns that were in -our vicinity having been captured at considerable loss to ourselves, we -remained on three-quarter rations, as closely besieged as before, until -the 22nd November; when the garrison were finally relieved by the army -under the Commander-in-Chief. - - - - -APPENDIX. - - -No. I. - -CAPTAIN RADCLIFFE'S (7th Light Cavalry) NARRATIVE. - -On the evening of the 30th May, about 9 o'clock, shots were heard at -Moodkeepore (the cavalry station), in the direction of the infantry -lines in Lucknow. The 7th Cavalry, consisting of about 150 sabres, -immediately were turned out by their officers, and placed in three -troops. On wheeling into line, about 30 men rushed out of the ranks, and -rode furiously towards cantonments: they were not seen again. The corps -advanced towards the race-course, towards the Residency, at a canter, -which place they reached about half-past 9 or a quarter to 10. The -regiment received orders to patrol round the Residency, and in the rear -of Colonel Halford's house, which was done accordingly, and they -afterwards formed up in rear of the lines stationed on the city road. - -About 11 o'clock the 7th Cavalry marched down to the Baillie Guard, -patrolled towards Muchee Bhawun, and, finding all safe, returned _viâ_ -the stone bridge through Mukka Gunge, warned all on duty at the elephant -sheds to be on the alert, and reached the Residency in cantonments about -2 in the morning. At 3 o'clock the 4th troop arrived from Chinahut, -under the command of Captain T. Boileau. At a quarter after gunfire the -cavalry marched off with the two artillery guns from the Residency, and -took up a position on the right of the line on the 32nd parade ground. -The 7th were directed to move towards Moodkeepore, which place was -reported to have fallen into the hands of the mutineers. The corps -advanced at a canter, and on reaching the plain close to the -race-course, a large body of armed infantry, amounting to some 1000 men, -were seen advancing in skirmishing order towards the cavalry. The report -was, as regarded Moodkeepore, too true, for the Standard Guard was -looted, public and private property destroyed, and the 2nd Squadron -standard was actually seized from the hands of the jemadar in charge, -and dashed to pieces. - -Lieutenant Raleigh, who had lately joined the corps, was brutally -murdered at 5 A.M. in front of the first troop lines. This officer was -sick, and unable to join the regiment the night before when ordered out. -The officer commanding ordered his men to form line to the front, which -was done rather sullenly; but on his ordering the line to take ground to -the right, a number of men broke out from the ranks, crying out that -they _would_ charge, as their children, etc., were being murdered; they -rode away towards the mutineers, having been beckoned to come over by a -leader riding a horse and bearing a standard. Some thirty-five or forty -men left their officers. At this time an officer was sent back towards -cantonments to request Sir Henry Lawrence to send up some guns, as the -small body of cavalry that were left alone in front of the insurgents -were in danger of being driven back. - -The guns soon afterwards came up, and after a few rounds dispersed the -enemy. The 7th Cavalry, in concert with the Irregulars, followed up the -retreating mutineers, killed one or two, and sent in some ten or twelve -prisoners. The corps returned to Moodkeepore about 10 o'clock, and -marched into cantonments in the evening, and took up a position on the -right of the line. Some 105 men remained with their officers up to the -12th June, on which date, by authority, they were given two months' pay, -and allowed a furlough to their homes till the 15th October. The men -remaining after the mutiny behaved admirably in quarters, and when told -they were to go to their homes obeyed the order, quietly lodging their -arms, and moving quietly homewards. The horses of the corps were marched -down to the Residency at noon of the 12th, and in the evening the -European and native officers, with the standards, repaired to the -Baillie Guard, opposite to which the cavalry horses were ordered to be -picketed. - - -No. II. - -ACCOUNT OF THE EXPLOSION AT THE SEIKH SQUARE ON 18TH OF AUGUST. - - (Dated) Lucknow, 19th August, 1857. - -Yesterday morning, between the hours of 5 and 6, the enemy sprung a mine -at the Seikh Square, blowing down the corner house, on the top of which -Lieutenant Mecham and Captain Orr, with two sentries, were on the look -out from the loopholes, Lieutenant Soppitt being below at the time. - -A few minutes before the explosion not a single individual was to be -seen in the quarter occupied by the enemy. Suddenly, however, one man -was discovered by a sentry, and Lieutenant Mecham fired at him, but -missed; and immediately after the mine exploded, sending four of us, -viz., Lieutenant Mecham, Band-sergeant Curtain, of the 41st Native -Infantry, Drummer Ford, of the 13th Native Infantry, and Captain Orr up -in the air, and burying underneath the ruins of the battery six drummers -and one sepoy, _i. e._, Wiltshire, Williams, 13th Native Infantry, E. -Curtain, A. Nugent, Rowlan, 41st Native Infantry, Fife-major Shipley, -4th Oude Irregular Force, and sepoy Heerah Sing, 48th Regiment Native -Infantry. Of the former, I regret to state that Band-sergeant Curtain -was thrown on the enemy's side and killed; Lieutenant Mecham and Drummer -Ford were almost unhurt, and Captain Orr escaped with a few bruises. - -Every precaution had been taken by Lieutenants Mecham, Soppitt, and -Captain Orr to guard against all contingencies, Lieutenant Mecham -remaining at night with the sentries, Lieutenant Soppitt and Captain Orr -being below with the guard, and occasionally visiting the sentries. -Since on duty at the Seikh Battery we had already discovered two mines, -one of which we countermined, and the other we found to be an abortive -attempt at one. The above discoveries had the effect of making us doubly -vigilant on this point. - -The new mine, which occasioned the calamity of yesterday, must have been -worked by the enemy with sharp and noiseless tools; as--though a shaft -was already sunk beneath the battery, over which a sentry was posted, -and into which, during our respective tour of duty, we each occasionally -descended for the purpose of listening whether mining was carried on by -the enemy--not the slightest sound which in any way led us to suppose -the same was the case, ever reached us. - -There was never perfect silence in the square, owing to the Seikhs' -horses being picketed therein, the tramping of whose feet on the ground -had more than once previously deceived us. - -The smoke and dust thrown up enveloping us for some moments in complete -darkness, and the sudden shock of the explosion, prevented my personally -knowing what subsequently happened. - - -No. III. - -DIVISION ORDERS BY MAJOR-GENERAL SIR J. OUTRAM, G.C.B. - - Head Quarters, Lucknow, 5th October, 1857. - -The incessant and arduous duties which have devolved on Brigadier Inglis -and his staff, since the arrival of the relieving force, had hitherto -prevented him from furnishing to the Major-General Commanding the usual -official documents relative to the siege of the garrison. - -In the absence of these the Major-General could not, with propriety, -have indulged in any public declaration of the admiration with which he -regards the heroism displayed by Brigadier Inglis and the glorious -garrison he has so ably commanded during the last three months, and he -has been reluctantly obliged therefore to defer so long the expression -of the sentiments he was desirous to offer. - -But the Major-General having at length received Brigadier Inglis's -reports, is relieved from the necessity of further silence, and he -hastens to tender to the Brigadier, and to every individual member of -the garrison, the assurance of his confidence that their services will -be regarded by the Government under which they are immediately serving, -by the British nation, and by Her Gracious Majesty, with equal -admiration to that with which he is himself impressed. - -The Major-General believes that the annals of warfare contain no -brighter page than that which will record the bravery, fortitude, -vigilance, and patient endurance of hardships, privation, and fatigue, -displayed by the garrison of Lucknow; and he is very conscious that his -unskilled pen must needs fail adequately to convey to the Right -Honourable the Governor-General of India, and his Excellency the -Commander-in-Chief, the profound sense of the merits of that garrison -which has been forced on his mind by a careful consideration of the -almost incredible difficulties with which they have had to contend. - -The term "illustrious" was well and happily applied by a former -Governor-General of India to the garrison of Jellalabad; but some far -more laudatory epithet--if such the English language contains--is due, -the Major-General considers, to the brave men whom Brigadier Inglis has -commanded with undeviating success and untarnished honour through the -late memorable siege. For while the devoted band of heroes who so nobly -maintained the honour of their country's arms under Sir R. Sale were -seldom exposed to actual attack, the Lucknow garrison, of inferior -strength, have, in addition to a series of fierce assaults, gallantly -and successfully repulsed, been for three months exposed to a nearly -incessant fire from strong and commanding positions, held by an enemy of -overwhelming force, possessing powerful artillery, having at their -command the whole resources of what was but recently a kingdom, and -animated by an insane and bloodthirsty fanaticism. - -It is a source of heartfelt satisfaction to the Major-General to be -able, to a certain extent, to confer on the native portion of the -garrison an instalment of those rewards which their gallant and grateful -commander has sought for them, and which he is very certain the -Governor-General will bestow in full; and though the Major-General, as -regards the European portion of the garrison, cannot do more than give -his most earnest and hearty support to the recommendations of the -Brigadier, he feels assured that the Governor-General of India will -fully and publicly manifest his appreciation of their distinguished -services, and that our beloved Sovereign will herself deign to convey to -them some gracious expression of royal approbation of their conduct. - -Brigadier Inglis has borne generous testimony to the bravery, vigilance, -devotedness, and good conduct of all ranks; and to all ranks, as the -local representative of the British Indian Government, the Major-General -tenders his warmest acknowledgments,--he would fain offer his special -congratulations and thanks to the European and Eurasian portion of the -garrison whom Brigadier Inglis has particularly noticed, but, by doing -so, he would forestall the Governor-General in the exercise of what, the -Major-General is assured, will be one of the most pleasing acts of his -official life. - - -No. IV. - -FROM BRIGADIER INGLIS, COMMANDING GARRISON OF LUCKNOW, TO THE SECRETARY -TO GOVERNMENT MILITARY DEPARTMENT, CALCUTTA. - - Lucknow, September 26th, 1857. - -SIR, - -In consequence of the very deeply-to-be-lamented death of -Brigadier-General Sir H. M. Lawrence, K.C.B., late in command of the -Oude Field Force, the duty of narrating the military events which have -occurred at Lucknow since the 29th of June last has devolved upon myself. - -On the evening of that day several reports reached Sir Henry Lawrence -that the rebel army, in no very considerable force, would march from -Chinhut (a small village about eight miles distant, on the road to -Fyzabad) on Lucknow on the following morning; and the late -Brigadier-General therefore determined to make a strong reconnaissance -in that direction, with the view, if possible, of meeting the force at a -disadvantage, either at its entrance into the suburbs of the city, or at -the bridge across the Gokral, which is a small stream intersecting -Fyzabad road, midway between Lucknow and Chinhut. - -The force destined for this service, and which was composed as follows, -moved out at 6 A.M. on the morning of the 30th of June:-- - -_Artillery._--Four guns of No. -- Horse Light Field Battery, four guns -of No. 2 Oude Field Battery, two guns of No. 3 Oude Field Battery, and -an 8-inch howitzer. - -_Cavalry._--Troop of Volunteer Cavalry, and 120 troopers of detachments -belonging to the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Regiments of Oude Irregular Cavalry. - -_Infantry._--Three hundred of Her Majesty's 32nd, 150 of the 13th Native -Infantry, 60 of the 48th Native Infantry, and 20 of the 71st Native -Infantry (Sikhs). - -The troops, misled by the reports of wayfarers--who stated that there -were few or no men between Lucknow and Chinhut--proceeded somewhat -farther than had been originally intended, and suddenly fell in with the -enemy, who had up to that time eluded the vigilance of the advanced -guard, by concealing themselves behind a long line of trees in -overwhelming numbers. The European force and the howitzer, with the -native infantry, held the foe in check for some time, and had the six -guns of the Oude Artillery been faithful, and the Sikh cavalry shown a -better front, the day would have been won, in spite of an immense -disparity in numbers. But the Oude artillerymen and drivers were -traitors. They overturned the guns into ditches, cut the traces of their -horses, and abandoned them, regardless of the remonstrances and -exertions of their own officers, and of those of Sir Henry Lawrence's -staff, headed by the Brigadier-General in person, who himself drew his -sword upon these rebels. Every effort to induce them to stand having -proved ineffectual, the force, exposed to a vastly superior fire of -artillery, and completely outflanked on both sides by an overpowering -body of infantry and cavalry, which actually got into our rear, was -compelled to retire with the loss of three pieces of artillery, which -fell into the hands of the enemy, in consequence of the rank treachery -of the Oude gunners, and with a very grievous list of killed and -wounded. The heat was dreadful, the gun ammunition was expended, and the -almost total want of cavalry to protect our rear made our retreat most -disastrous. - -All the officers behaved well, and the exertions of the small body of -Volunteer Cavalry--only forty in number--under Captain Radcliffe, 7th -Light Cavalry, were most praiseworthy. Sir Henry Lawrence subsequently -conveyed his thanks to myself, who had, at his request, accompanied him -upon this occasion (Colonel Case being in command of Her Majesty's -32nd). He also expressed his approbation of the way in which his -Staff--Captain Wilson, officiating deputy assistant adjutant-general; -Lieutenant James, sub-assistant commissary-general; Captain Edgel, -officiating military secretary; and Mr. Couper, C.S.--the last of whom -had acted as Sir Henry Lawrence's A.D.C. from the commencement of the -disturbances,--had conducted themselves throughout this arduous day. Sir -Henry further particularly mentioned that he would bring the gallant -conduct of Captain Radcliffe and of Lieutenant Bonham, of the Artillery, -(who worked the howitzer successfully until incapacitated by a wound,) -to the prominent notice of the Government of India. The manner in which -Lieutenant Birch, 71st Native Infantry, cleared a village with a party -of Sikh skirmishes, also elicited the admiration of the -Brigadier-General. The conduct of Lieutenant Hardinge, who, with his -handful of horse, covered the retreat of the rear-guard, was extolled by -Sir Henry, who expressed his intention of mentioning the services of -this gallant officer to his Lordship in Council. Lieutenant-Colonel -Case, who commanded Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment, was mortally wounded -whilst gallantly leading on his men. The service had not a more -deserving officer. The command devolved on Captain Steevens, who also -received a death-wound shortly afterwards. The command then fell to -Captain Mansfield, who has since died of cholera. - -It will be in the recollection of his Lordship in Council that it was -the original intention of Sir Henry Lawrence to occupy not only the -Residency, but also the fort called Muchee Bhawun--an old dilapidated -edifice, which had been hastily repaired for the occasion, though the -defences were, even at the last moment, very far from complete, and -were, moreover, commanded by many houses in the city. The situation of -the Muchee Bhawun, with regard to the Residency, has already been -described to the Government of India. - -The untoward event of June the 30th so far diminished the whole -available force that we had not a sufficient number of men remaining to -occupy both positions. The Brigadier-General, therefore, on the evening -of July the 1st signalled to the garrison of the Muchee Bhawun to -evacuate and blow up that fortress in the course of the night. The -orders were ably carried out, and at 12 P.M. the force marched into the -Residency, with their guns and treasure, without the loss of a man; and -shortly afterwards the explosion of 240 barrels of gunpowder and -6,000,000 ball cartridges, which were lying in the magazine, announced -to Sir Henry Lawrence and his officers, who were anxiously awaiting the -report, the complete destruction of that post and all that it contained. -If it had not been for this wise and strategic measure, no member of the -Lucknow garrison, in all probability, would have survived to tell the -tale; for, as has already been stated, the Muchee Bhawun was commanded -from other parts of the town, and was, moreover, indifferently provided -with heavy artillery ammunition; while the difficulty, suffering, and -loss which the Residency garrison, even with the reinforcement thus -obtained from the Muchee Bhawun, has undergone in holding the position, -is sufficient to show that if the original intention of holding both -posts had been adhered to, both would have inevitably fallen. - -It is now my very painful duty to relate the calamity which befell us at -the commencement of the siege. On the 1st July an 8-inch shell burst in -the room in the Residency in which Sir H. Lawrence was sitting. The -missile burst between him and Mr. Couper, close to both; but without -injury to either. The whole of his staff implored Sir Henry to take up -other quarters, as the Residency had then become the special target for -the round shot and shell of the enemy. This, however, he jestingly -declined to do, observing that another shell would certainly never be -pitched into that small room. But Providence had ordained otherwise, for -on the very next day he was mortally wounded by the fragment of another -shell which burst in the same room exactly at the same spot. Captain -Wilson, deputy assistant adjutant-general, received a contusion at the -same time. - -The late lamented Sir H. Lawrence, knowing that his last hour was -rapidly approaching, directed me to assume command of the troops, and -appointed Major Banks to succeed him in the office of Chief -Commissioner. He lingered in great agony till the morning of the 4th -July, when he expired, and the Government was thereby deprived, if I may -venture to say so, of the services of a distinguished statesman and a -most gallant soldier. Few men have ever possessed to the same extent the -power he enjoyed of winning the hearts of all those with whom he came in -contact, and thus ensuring the warmest and most zealous devotion for -himself and for the Government which he served. The successful defence -of the position has been, under Providence, solely attributable to the -foresight which he evinced in the timely commencement of the necessary -operations, and the great skill and untiring personal activity which he -exhibited in carrying them into effect. All ranks possessed such -confidence in his judgment and his fertility of resource, that the news -of his fall was received throughout the garrison with feelings of -consternation only second to the grief which was inspired in the hearts -of all by the loss of a public benefactor and a warm personal friend. -Feeling as keenly and as gratefully as I do the obligations that the -whole of us are under to this great and good man, I trust the Government -of India will pardon me for having attempted, however imperfectly, to -portray them. In him every good and deserving soldier lost a friend and -a chief capable of discriminating, and ever on the alert to reward -merit, no matter how humble the sphere in which it was exhibited. - -The garrison had scarcely recovered the shock which it had sustained in -the loss of its revered and beloved General, when it had to mourn the -death of that able and respected officer, Major Banks, the officiating -chief commissioner, who received a bullet through his head while -examining a critical outpost on the 21st July, and died without a groan. -The description of our position, and the state of our defences when the -siege began, are so fully set forth in the memorandum furnished by the -garrison engineer, that I shall content myself with bringing to the -notice of his Lordship in Council the fact that when the blockade was -commenced, only two of our batteries were completed, part of the -defences were yet in an unfinished condition, and the buildings in the -immediate vicinity, which gave cover to the enemy, were only very -partially cleared away. Indeed, our heaviest losses have been caused by -the fire from the enemy's sharp-shooters stationed in the adjoining -mosques and houses of the native nobility, the necessity of destroying -which had been repeatedly drawn to the attention of Sir Henry by the -staff of engineers. But his invariable reply was, "Spare the holy -places, and private property too, as much as possible;" and we have -consequently suffered severely from our very tenderness to the religious -prejudices and respect to the rights of our rebellious citizens and -soldiery. As soon as the enemy had thoroughly completed the investment -of the Residency, they occupied these houses, some of which were within -easy pistol-shot of our barricades, in immense force, and rapidly made -loopholes on those sides which bore on our post, from which they kept up -a terrific and incessant fire day and night, which caused many daily -casualties, as there could not have been less than 8,000 men firing at -one time into our position. Moreover, there was no place in the whole of -our works that could be considered safe, for several of the sick and -wounded who were lying in the banqueting hall, which had been turned -into a hospital, were killed in the very centre of the building, and the -widow of Lieutenant Dorin and other women and children were shot dead in -rooms into which it had not been previously deemed possible that a -bullet could penetrate. Neither were the enemy idle in erecting -batteries. They soon had from twenty to twenty-five guns in position, -some of them of very large calibre. These were planted all round our -post at small distances, some being actually within fifty yards of our -defences, but in places where our own heavy guns could not reply to -them, while the perseverance and ingenuity of the enemy in erecting -barricades in front of, and around, their guns in a very short time, -rendered all attempts to silence them by musketry unavailing. Neither -could they be effectually silenced by shells, by reason of their extreme -proximity to our position, and because, moreover, the enemy had recourse -to digging very narrow trenches about eight feet in depth in rear of -each gun, in which the men lay while our shells were flying, and which -so effectually concealed them, even while working the gun, that our -baffled sharp-shooters could only see their hands while in the act of -loading. - -The enemy contented themselves with keeping up this incessant fire of -cannon and musketry until the 20th July, on which day, at 10 A.M., they -assembled in very great force all round our position, and exploded a -heavy mine inside our outer line of defences at the Water Gate. The -mine, however, which was close to the Redan, and apparently sprung with -the intention of destroying that battery, did no harm. But as soon as -the smoke had cleared away, the enemy boldly advanced under cover of a -tremendous fire of cannon and musketry, with the object of storming the -Redan. But they were received with such a heavy fire, that after a short -struggle they fell back with much loss. A strong column advanced at the -same time to attack Innes' post, and came on to within ten yards of the -palisades, affording to Lieutenant Loughnan, 13th Native Infantry, who -commanded the position, and his brave garrison, composed of gentlemen of -the Uncovenanted Service, a few of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot and the 13th -Native Infantry, an opportunity of distinguishing themselves, which they -were not slow to avail themselves of, and the enemy were driven back -with great slaughter. The insurgents made minor attacks at almost every -outpost, but were invariably defeated, and at 2 P.M. they ceased their -attempts to storm the place, although their musketry fire and -cannonading continued to harass us unceasingly as usual. Matters -proceeded in this manner until the 10th August, when the enemy made -another assault, having previously sprung a mine close to the brigade -mess, which entirely destroyed our defences for the space of twenty -feet, and blew in a great portion of the outside wall of the house -occupied by Mr. Shilling's garrison. On the dust clearing away, a breach -appeared, through which a regiment could have advanced in perfect order, -and a few of the enemy came on with the utmost determination, but were -met with such a withering flank fire of musketry from the officers and -men holding the top of the brigade mess, that they beat a speedy -retreat, leaving the more adventurous of their numbers lying on the -crest of the breach. While this operation was going on, another large -body advanced on the Cawnpore battery, and succeeded in locating -themselves for a few minutes in the ditch. They were, however, dislodged -by hand-grenades. At Captain Anderson's post they also came boldly -forward with scaling ladders, which they planted against the wall; but -here, as elsewhere, they were met with the most indomitable resolution, -and the leaders being slain, the rest fled, leaving the ladders, and -retreated to their batteries and loopholed defences, from whence they -kept up, for the rest of the day, an unusually heavy cannonade and -musketry fire. On the 18th August the enemy sprang another mine in front -of the Sikh lines with very fatal effect. Captain Orr (unattached), -Lieutenants Mecham and Soppitt, who commanded the small body of drummers -composing the garrison, were blown into the air; but providentially -returned to earth with no further injury than a severe shaking. The -garrison, however, were not so fortunate. No less than eleven men were -buried alive under the ruins, from whence it was impossible to extricate -them, owing to the tremendous fire kept up by the enemy from houses -situated not ten yards in front of the breach. The explosion was -followed by a general assault of a less determined nature than the two -former efforts, and the enemy were consequently repulsed without much -difficulty. But they succeeded, under cover of the breach, in -establishing themselves in one of the houses in our position, from which -they were driven in the evening by the bayonets of Her Majesty's 32nd -and 84th Foot. On the 5th of September the enemy made their last serious -assault. Having exploded a large mine, a few feet short of the bastion -of the 18-pounder gun, in Major Apthorp's post, they advanced with large -heavy scaling ladders, which they planted against the wall, and mounted, -thereby gaining for an instant the embrasure of a gun. They were, -however, speedily driven back with loss by hand-grenades and musketry. A -few minutes subsequently they sprung another mine close to the brigade -mess, and advanced boldly; but soon the corpses strewed in the garden in -front of the post bore testimony to the fatal accuracy of the rifle and -musketry fire of the gallant members of that garrison, and the enemy fed -ignominiously, leaving their leader--a fine-looking old native -officer--among the slain. At other posts they made similar attacks, but -with less resolution, and everywhere with the same want of success. -Their loss upon this day must have been very heavy, as they came on with -much determination, and at night they were seen bearing large numbers of -their killed and wounded over the bridges in the direction of -cantonments. - -The above is a faint attempt at a description of the four great -struggles which have occurred during this protracted season of exertion, -exposure, and suffering. His Lordship in Council will perceive that the -enemy invariably commenced his attacks by the explosion of a mine,--a -species of offensive warfare, for the exercise of which our position was -unfortunately peculiarly situated; and had it not been for the most -untiring vigilance on our part, in watching and blowing up their mines -before they were completed, the assaults would probably have been much -more numerous, and might, perhaps, have ended in the capture of the -place. But by countermining in all directions, we succeeded in detecting -and destroying no less than four of the enemy's subterraneous advances -towards important positions, two of which operations were eminently -successful, as on one occasion not less than eighty of them were blown -into the air, and twenty suffered a similar fate on the second -explosion. The labour, however, which devolved upon us in making these -counter-mines, in the absence of a body of skilled miners, was very -heavy. The Right Honourable the Governor-General in Council will feel -that it would be impossible to crowd, within the limits of a despatch, -even the principal events, much more the individual acts of gallantry, -which have marked this protracted struggle. But I can conscientiously -declare my conviction, that few troops have ever undergone greater -hardships, exposed as they have been to a never-ceasing musketry fire -and cannonade. They have also experienced the alternate vicissitudes of -extreme wet and intense heat, and that too with very insufficient -shelter from either, and in many places without any shelter at all. In -addition to having to repel real attacks, they have been exposed night -and day to the hardly less harassing false alarms which the enemy have -been constantly raising. The insurgents have frequently fired very -heavily, sounded the advance, and shouted for several hours together, -though not a man could be seen, with the view, of course, of harassing -our small and exhausted force; in which object they succeeded, for no -part has been strong enough to allow of a portion only of the garrison -being prepared in the event of a false attack being turned into a real -one. All, therefore, had to stand to their arms, and to remain at their -posts until the demonstration had ceased; and such attacks were of -almost nightly occurrence. The whole of the officers and men have been -on duty night and day during the eighty-seven days which the siege had -lasted, up to the arrival of Sir J. Outram, G.C.B. - -In addition to this incessant military duty, the force has been nightly -employed in repairing defences, in moving guns, in burying dead animals, -in conveying ammunition and commissariat stores from one place to -another, and in other fatigue duties too numerous and too trivial to -enumerate here. I feel, however, that any words of mine will fail to -convey any adequate idea of what our fatigue and labours have -been--labours in which all ranks and all classes, civilians, officers, -and soldiers, have all borne an equally noble part. All have together -descended into the mine; all have together handled the shovel for the -interment of the putrid bullock; and all, accoutred with musket and -bayonet, have relieved each other on sentry, without regard to the -distinctions of rank, civil or military. Notwithstanding all these -hardships, the garrison has made no less than five sorties, in which -they spiked two of the enemy's heaviest guns, and blew up several of the -houses from which they had kept up the most harassing fire. Owing to the -extreme paucity of our numbers, each man was taught to feel that on his -own individual efforts alone depended in no small measure the safety of -the entire position. This consciousness incited every officer, soldier, -and man to defend the post assigned to him with such desperate tenacity, -and fight for the lives which Providence had intrusted to his care with -such dauntless determination, that the enemy, despite their constant -attacks, their heavy mines, their overwhelming numbers, and their -incessant fire, could never succeed in gaining one inch of ground within -the bounds of this straggling position, which was so feebly fortified, -that had they once obtained a footing in any of the outposts, the whole -place must inevitably have fallen. - -If further proof be wanting of the desperate nature of the struggle -which we have, under God's blessing, so long and so successfully waged, -I would point to the roofless and ruined houses, to the crumpled walls, -to the exploded mines, to the open breaches, to the shattered and -disabled guns and defences, and lastly to the long and melancholy list -of the brave and devoted officers and men who have fallen. These silent -witnesses bear sad and solemn testimony to the way in which this feeble -position has been defended. During the early part of these vicissitudes, -we were left without any information whatever regarding the posture of -affairs outside. An occasional spy did indeed come in with the object of -inducing our sepoys and servants to desert; but the intelligence derived -from such sources was, of course, entirely untrustworthy. We sent our -messengers, daily calling for aid and asking for information, none of -whom ever returned until the 26th day of the siege, when a pensioner -named Ungud came back with a letter from General Havelock's camp, -informing us that they were advancing with a force sufficient to bear -down all opposition, and would be with us in five or six days. A -messenger was immediately despatched, requesting that on the evening of -their arrival on the outskirts of the city, two rockets might be sent -up, in order that we might take the necessary measures for assisting -them in forcing their way in. The sixth day, however, expired, and they -came not; but for many evenings after officers and men watched for the -ascension of the expected rockets, with hopes such as make the heart -sick. We knew not then, nor did we learn until the 29th of August--or -thirty-five days later--that the relieving force, after having fought -most nobly to effect our deliverance, had been obliged to fall back for -reinforcements, and this was the last communication we received until -two days before the arrival of Sir James Outram on Sept. 25th. - -Besides heavy visitations of cholera and smallpox, we have also had to -contend against a sickness which has almost universally pervaded the -garrison. Commencing with a very painful eruption it has merged into a -low fever, combined with diarrhoea; and although few or no men have -actually died from its effects, it leaves behind a weakness and -lassitude which, in the absence of all material sustenance, save coarse -beef and still coarser flour, none have been able entirely to get over. -The mortality among the women and children, and especially among the -latter, from these diseases and from other causes, has been perhaps the -most characteristic of the siege. The want of native servants has also -been a source of much privation. Owing to the suddenness with which we -were besieged, many of these people who might perhaps have otherwise -proved faithful to their employers, but who were outside of the defences -at the time, were altogether excluded. Very many more deserted, and -several families were consequently left without the services of a single -domestic. Several ladies have had to tend their children, and even to -wash their own clothes, as well as to cook their scanty meals entirely -unaided. Combined with the absence of servants, the want of proper -accommodation has probably been the cause of much of the disease with -which we have been afflicted. I cannot refrain from bringing to the -prominent notice of his Lordship in Council the patient endurance and -the Christian resignation which have been evinced by the women of this -garrison. They have animated us by their example. Many, alas! have been -made widows and their children fatherless in this cruel struggle. But -all such seem resigned to the will of Providence, and many, among whom -may be mentioned the honoured names of Birch, of Polehampton, of Barbor, -and of Gall, have, after the example of Miss Nightingale, constituted -themselves the tender and solicitous nurses of the wounded and dying -soldiers in the hospital. - -It only remains for me to bring to the favourable notice of his Lordship -in Council the names of those officers who have most distinguished -themselves, and afforded me the most valuable assistance in these -operations. Many of the best and bravest of these now rest from their -labours. Among them are Lieutenant-Colonel Case and Captain Radcliffe, -whose services have already been narrated. Captain Francis, 13th Native -Infantry--who was killed by a round shot--had particularly attracted the -attention of Sir H. Lawrence for his conduct while in command of the -Muchee Bhawun; Captain Fulton, of the Engineers, who also was struck by -a round shot, had, up to the time of his early and lamented death, -afforded me the most invaluable aid; he was indeed indefatigable; Major -Anderson, the chief Engineer, though, from the commencement of the -siege, incapable of physical exertion from the effects of the disease -under which he eventually sank, merited my warm acknowledgments for his -able counsel. Captain Simons, commandant of artillery, distinguished -himself at Chinhut, where he received the two wounds which ended in his -death; Lieutenants Shepherd and Arthur, 7th Light Cavalry, who were -killed at their posts; Captain Hughes, 57th Native Infantry, who was -mortally wounded at the capture of a house which formed one of the -enemy's outposts; Captain M'Cabe, of the 32nd Foot, who was killed at -the head of his men while leading his fourth sortie, as well as Captain -Mansfield, of the same corps, who died of cholera--were all officers who -had distinguished themselves highly. Mr. Lucas too, a gentleman -volunteer, and Mr. Boyson, of the Uncovenanted Service--who fell when on -the look-out at one of the most perilous outposts--had earned themselves -reputations for coolness and gallantry. - -The officers who commanded outposts--Lieutenant-Colonel Master, 7th -Light Cavalry; Major Apthorp, and Captain Sanders, 41st Native Infantry; -Captain Boileau, 7th Light Cavalry; Captain Germon, 13th Native -Infantry; Lieutenant Aitkin, and Lieutenant Loughnan, of the same corps; -Captain Anderson, 25th Native Infantry; Lieutenant Graydon, 44th Native -Infantry; Lieutenant Langmore, 71st Native Infantry; and Mr. Schilling, -principal of the Martiniere College--have all conducted ably the duties -of their onerous position. No further proof of this is necessary than -the fact which I have before mentioned, that throughout the whole -duration of the siege, the enemy were not only unable to take, but they -could not even succeed in gaining, one inch of the posts commanded by -these gallant gentlemen. Colonel Master commanded the critical and -important post of the brigade mess, on either side of which was an open -breach, only flanked by his handful of riflemen and musketeers. -Lieutenant Aitkin, with the whole of the 13th Native Infantry, which -remained to us with the exception of their Sikhs, commanded the Baillie -Guard--perhaps the most important position in the whole of the defences; -and Lieutenant Langmore, with the remnant of his regiment (the 71st), -held a very exposed position between the Hospital and the Water Gate. -This gallant and deserving young soldier and his men were entirely -without shelter from the weather, both by night and by day. - -My thanks are also due to Lieutenants Anderson, Hutchinson, and Innes, -of the Engineers, as well as Lieutenant Tulloch, 58th Native Infantry, -and Lieutenant Hay, 48th Native Infantry, who were placed under them to -aid in the arduous duties devolving upon that department. Lieutenant -Thomas, Madras Artillery, who commanded that arm of the service for some -weeks, and Lieutenants Macfarlane and Bonham, rendered me the most -effectual assistance. I was, however, deprived of the services of the -two latter, who were wounded, Lieutenant Bonham no less than three -times, early in the siege. Captain Evans, 17th Bombay Native Infantry, -who, owing to the scarcity of artillery officers, was put in charge of -some guns, was ever to be found at his post. - -Major Lowe, commanding Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment; Captain Bassano, -Lieutenants Lawrence, Edmonstoune, Foster, Harmar, Cooke, Clery, Browne, -and Charlton, of that corps, have all nobly performed their duty. Every -one of these officers, with the exception of Lieutenants Lawrence and -Clery, have received one or more wounds of more or less severity. -Quartermaster Stribbling, of the same corps, also conducted himself to -my satisfaction. - -Captain O'Brien, Her Majesty's 84th Foot; Captain Kemble, 41st Native -Infantry; Captain Edgell, 53rd Native Infantry; Captain Dinning, -Lieutenant Sewell, and Lieutenant Worsley, of the 71st Native Infantry; -Lieutenant Warner, 7th Local Corps; Ensign Ward, 48th Native Infantry -(who, when most of our artillery officers were killed or disabled, -worked the mortars with excellent effect); Lieutenant Graham, 11th -Native Infantry; Lieutenant Mecham, 4th Oude Locals; and Lieutenant -Keir, 41st Native Infantry, have all done good and willing service -throughout the siege, and I trust that they will receive the favourable -notice of his Lordship in Council. - -I beg particularly to call the attention of the Government of India to -the untiring industry, the extreme devotion, and the great skill which -have been evinced by Surgeon Scott (superintending surgeon), and -Assistant-surgeon Boyd, of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot; Assistant-surgeon -Bird, of the Artillery; Surgeon Campbell, 7th Light Cavalry; Surgeon -Brydon, 7th Native Infantry; Surgeon Ogilvie, sanitary commissioner; -Assistant-surgeon Fayrer, civil surgeon; Assistant-surgeon Partridge, -2nd Oude Irregular Cavalry; Assistant-surgeon Greenhow; -Assistant-surgeon Darby, and by Mr. Apothecary Thompson, in the -discharge of their onerous and most important duties. - -Messrs. Thornhill and Capper, of the Civil Service, have been both -wounded, and the way in which they, as well as Mr. Martin, the deputy -commissioner of Lucknow, conducted themselves, entitles them to a place -in this despatch. Captain Carnegie, the special assistant commissioner, -whose invaluable service previous to the commencement of the siege I -have frequently heard warmly dilated upon, both by Sir H. Lawrence and -by Major Banks, and whose exertions will probably be more amply brought -to notice by the civil authorities on some future occasion, has -conducted the office of provost marshal to my satisfaction. The Reverend -Mr. Harris and the Reverend Mr. Polehampton, assistant chaplains, vied -with each other in their untiring care and attention to the suffering -men. The latter gentleman was wounded in the hospital, and subsequently -unhappily died of cholera. Mr. M'Crae, of the Civil Engineers, did -excellent service, at the guns, until he was severely wounded. Mr. -Cameron, also, a gentleman who had come to Oude to inquire into the -resources of the country, acquired the whole mystery of mortar practice, -and was of the most signal service until incapacitated by sickness. Mr. -Marshall, of the road department, and other members of the Uncovenanted -Service, whose names will, on a subsequent occasion, be laid before the -Government of India, conducted themselves bravely and steadily. Indeed, -the entire body of these gentlemen have borne themselves well, and have -evinced great coolness under fire. - -I have now only to bring to the notice of the Right Honourable the -Governor-General in Council the conduct of the several officers who -composed my staff:--Lieutenant James, sub-assistant commissary-general, -was severely wounded by a shot through the knee at Chinhut, -notwithstanding which he refused to go upon the sick list, and carried -on his most trying duties throughout the entire siege. It is not too -much to say that the garrison owe their lives to the exertions and -firmness of this officer. Before the struggle commenced, he was ever in -the saddle, getting in supplies, and his untiring vigilance in their -distribution after our difficulties had begun, prevented a waste which -otherwise, long before the expiration of the eighty-seven days, might -have annihilated the force by the slow process of starvation. - -Captain Wilson, 13th Native Infantry, officiating deputy-assistant -adjutant-general, was ever to be found where shot was flying thickest; -and I am at a loss to decide whether his services were more invaluable -owing to the untiring physical endurance and bravery which he displayed, -or to his ever-ready and pertinent counsel and advice in moments of -difficulty and danger. - -Lieutenant Hardinge, an officer whose achievements and antecedents are -well known to the Government of India, has earned fresh laurels by his -conduct throughout the siege. He was officiating as deputy-assistant -quartermaster-general, and also commanded the Sikh portion of the -cavalry of the garrison. In both capacities his services have been -invaluable, especially in the latter, for it was owing alone to his -tact, vigilance, and bravery, that the Sikh horsemen were induced to -persevere in holding a very unprotected post under a heavy fire. - -Lieutenant Barwell, 71st Native Infantry, the fort adjutant and -officiating major of brigade, has proved himself to be an efficient -officer. - -Lieutenant Birch, of the 71st Native Infantry, has been my aide-de-camp -throughout the siege. I firmly believe there never was a better -aide-de-camp. He has been indefatigable, and ever ready to lead a -sortie, or to convey an order to a threatened outpost under the heaviest -fire. On one of these occasions he received a slight wound on the head. -I beg to bring the services of this most promising and intelligent young -officer to the favourable consideration of his Lordship in Council. - -I am also much indebted to Mr. Cooper, Civil Service, for the assistance -he has on many occasions afforded me by his judicious advice. I have, -moreover, ever found him most ready and willing in the performance of -the military duties assigned to him, however exposed the post or arduous -the undertaking. He commenced his career in Her Majesty's service, and -consequently had had some previous experience of military matters. If -the road to Cawnpore had been made clear by the advent of our troops, it -was my intention to have deputed this officer to Calcutta, to detail in -person the occurrences which have taken place, for the information of -the Government of India. I still hope that when our communications shall -be once more unopposed he may be summoned to Calcutta for this purpose. - -Lastly, I have the pleasure of bringing the splendid behaviour of the -soldiers, viz., the men of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot, the small detachment -of Her Majesty's 84th Foot, the European and Native Artillery, the 13th, -48th, and 71st Regiments of Native Infantry, and the Sikhs of the -respective corps, to the notice of the Government of India. The losses -sustained by Her Majesty's 32nd, which is now barely 300 strong; by Her -Majesty's 84th, and by the European Artillery, show at least that they -knew how to die in the cause of their countrymen. Their conduct under -the fire, the exposure, and the privations which they had to undergo, -has been throughout most admirable and praiseworthy. - -As another instance of the desperate character of our defence, and the -difficulties we have had to contend with, I may mention that the number -of our artillerymen was so reduced that on the occasion of an attack, -the gunners, aided as they were by men of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot, and -by volunteers of all classes, had to run from one battery to another, -wherever the fire of the enemy was hottest, there not being nearly -enough men to serve half the number of guns at the same time. In short, -at last, the number of European gunners was only twenty-four, while we -had, including mortars, no less than thirty guns in position. - -With respect to the native troops, I am of opinion that their loyalty -has never been surpassed. They were indifferently fed and worse housed. -They were exposed--especially the 13th Regiment--under the gallant -Lieutenant Aitken, to a most galling fire of round shot and musketry, -which materially decreased their numbers. They were so near the enemy -that conversation could be carried on between them; and every effort, -persuasion, promise, and threat was alternately resorted to, in vain, to -seduce them from their allegiance to the handful of Europeans, who, in -all probability, would have been sacrificed by their desertion. All the -troops behaved nobly, and the names of those men of the native force who -have particularly distinguished themselves, have been laid before -Major-General Sir James Outram, G.C.B., who has promised to promote -them. Those of the European force will be transmitted in due course for -the orders of His Royal Highness the General Commanding-in-Chief. - -In conclusion, I beg leave to express, on the part of myself and the -members of this garrison, our deep and grateful sense of the conduct of -Major-General Sir J. Outram, G.C.B.; of Brigadier-General Havelock, -C.B., and of the troops under those officers who so devotedly came to -our relief at so heavy a sacrifice of life. We are also repaid for much -suffering and privation by the sympathy which our brave deliverers say -our perilous and unfortunate position has excited for us in the hearts -of our countrymen throughout the length and breadth of Her Majesty's -dominions.--I have, &c., - - (Signed) T. Inglis, - Colonel, Her Majesty's 32nd, Brigadier. - - -No. V. - -_From the Homeward Mail._ - - A COMPLETE NOMINAL LIST OF THE OFFICERS, MEMBERS OF THE UNCOVENANTED - SERVICE, AND WOMEN AND CHILDREN OF THE LUCKNOW GARRISON; AND AS THE - RETURN PROCEEDED FROM AN OFFICIAL SOURCE THE AUTHENTICITY MAY BE FULLY - RELIED ON. - -_General Staff._ - -Brigadier-General Sir H. M. Lawrence, chief commissioner, killed; -Lieutenant Hutchinson, aide-de-camp; Captain Hayes, military secretary, -killed; Captain Edgell, officiating; Captain Wilson, deputy -assistant-adjutant-general, contused, recovered; Lieutenant Hardinge, -deputy assistant quartermaster-general, twice wounded, recovered; -Lieutenant James, sub-assistant commissary general, wounded, doing well; -Major Anderson, chief engineer, dead; Major Marriott, pension-paymaster. - - -_Brigade Staff._ - -Brigadier Handscomb, commanding Oude brigade, killed; Brigadier Inglis, -commanding the garrison; Lieutenant Birch, aide-de-camp, slightly -wounded, recovered; Lieutenant Barwell, town and fort adjutant, -officiating major of brigade; Captain Carnegie, provost marshal. - - -_Artillery._ - -Captain Simons, wounded, since dead; First Lieutenant Alexander, -wounded, recovered, since killed; First Lieutenant Thomas (Madras); -Second Lieutenant Lewin, killed; Lieutenant Brice, wounded, since dead; -Second Lieutenant Bonham, wounded three times, doing well; Second -Lieutenant J. Alexander, slightly wounded, recovered; Second Lieutenant -MacFarlan, wounded, doing well; Second Lieutenant Cunliffe, wounded, -since dead. - - -_Engineers._ - -Captain Fulton, garrison engineer, killed; Lieutenant Anderson (Madras) -officiating; Lieutenant Innes. - - -_7th Regiment Light Cavalry._ - -Lieutenant-Colonel Master; Captain Staples, killed; Captain Radcliffe, -wounded, since dead; Captain Boileau, slightly wounded, recovered; -Lieutenant Arthur, killed; Lieutenant Boulton, killed; Lieutenant -Warner, adjutant; Lieutenant Martin, killed; Lieutenant Farquhar, -wounded, convalescent; Lieutenant Raleigh, killed; Surgeon Campbell; -veterinary surgeon Hely, killed; riding master Eldridge, killed. - - -_Her Majesty's 32nd Foot._ - -Lieutenant-Colonel Case, killed; Major Lowe, commanding, twice wounded, -doing well; Captain Stevens, killed; Captain Mansfield, dead; Captain -Power, wounded, since dead; Captain Bassano, wounded, recovered; Captain -M'Cabe, mortally wounded, since dead; Lieutenant Lawrence; Lieutenant -Edmonstoune, twice wounded, doing well; Lieutenant Webb, killed; -Lieutenant Foster, wounded, recovered; Lieutenant Clery; Lieutenant -Brown; Lieutenant Brackenbury, killed; Lieutenant Harmer, wounded, doing -well; Lieutenant Cook, slightly wounded, recovered; Ensign Charlton, -wounded, doing well; Ensign Studdy, killed; Paymaster Giddings; -Quartermaster Stribbling; Surgeon Scott, M.D.; Assistant-Surgeon Boyd. - - -_Detachment of Her Majesty's 84th Foot._ - -Lieutenant O'Brien, wounded, recovered; Ensign McGrath. - - -_13th Regiment Native Infantry._ - -Major Bručre, killed; Captain Waterman, wounded, recovered; Captain -Germon; Captain Francis, killed; Lieutenant Aitken, Quartermaster; -Lieutenant Chambers, adjutant, wounded, doing well; Lieutenant Thain; -Lieutenant Loughnan; Ensign Green, dead; Surgeon Pitt. - - -_41st Regiment Native Infantry._ - -Major Apthorp; Captain Kemble, wounded, recovered; Captain Sanders; -Lieutenant Ruggles; Lieutenant Graves, dead; Lieutenant Darrah; -Lieutenant Inglis, wounded, recovered; Lieutenant Keir; Ensign McGregor, -dead; Ensign Hewitt, slightly wounded, recovered; Surgeon Macdonald, -dead. - - -_48th Regiment Native Infantry._ - -Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer; Major Bird; Captain Burmester, killed; -Captain Green; Lieutenant Huxham, twice wounded, doing well; Lieutenant -Smith, Adjutant, wounded (accidentally), doing well; Lieutenant Ouseley, -Quartermaster; Lieutenant Fletcher, wounded, doing well; Lieutenant -Dashwood, wounded, since dead; Lieutenant Hay, wounded slightly, -recovered; Ensign Farquharson, killed; Ensign O'Dowda, slightly wounded, -recovered; Ensign Ward; Surgeon Wells, wounded slightly, recovered. - - -_71st Regiment Native Infantry._ - -Colonel Halford, dead; Captain Strangways, slightly wounded, recovered; -Captain Dinning; Captain Maclean, killed; Lieutenant Langmore, Adjutant; -Lieutenant Sewell; Lieutenant Grant, killed; Ensign Worsley; Ensign C. -W. Campbell, wounded, doing well; Ensign W. Campbell; Surgeon Brydon, -wounded, recovered. - - -_Officers not belonging to the Oude Brigade._ - -Major Banks, Provisional Chief Commissioner, killed; Captain Stuart, 3rd -Native Infantry; Captain H. Lloyd Evans, 17th Bombay Native Infantry; -Lieutenant Fullerton, 44th Native Infantry, dead; Lieutenant Lester, -32nd Native Infantry, killed; Lieutenant Tullock, 58th Native Infantry; -Lieutenant Birch, 59th Native Infantry, killed; Ensign Inglis, 63rd -Native Infantry, doing duty 13th Native Infantry; Captain Weston, 65th -Native Infantry, Oude Frontier Police; Ensign Dashwood, 18th Native -Infantry, mortally wounded, since dead. - - -_Oude Irregular Force._ - -Brigadier Gray, Commanding; Captain Barlow, Major of Brigade, wounded, -since dead; Captain Forbes, 1st Oude Cavalry, slightly wounded, -recovered; Lieutenant Bax, Second in Command, killed; Lieutenant Graham, -Officiating Adjutant, dead; Assistant-Surgeon Greenhow; Major Gall, 2nd -Oude Cavalry, killed; Lieutenant Shepherd, Second in Command, killed; -Lieutenant Barbor, Adjutant, killed; Gentleman Volunteer Fayrer, killed; -Assistant-Surgeon Partridge; Lieutenant Graham, Adjutant, 3rd Oude -Cavalry, slightly wounded twice, recovered; Lieutenant Clarke, 1st Oude -Infantry; Captain Hughes, 4th Oude Infantry, wounded, since dead; -Lieutenant Soppitt, 4th Oude Infantry; Assistant-Surgeon Hadow; Captain -Hawes, 6th Oude Infantry, wounded, recovered; Lieutenant Grant, Second -in Command, wounded, since dead; Apothecary Thompson; Lieutenant -Graydon, 7th Oude Infantry, very dangerously wounded, since dead; -Lieutenant Watson, Second in Command; Lieutenant Mechamns, Adjutant; -Lieutenant Vanrenen, 9th Oude Infantry; Assistant-Surgeon Darby, M.D., -10th Oude Infantry; Captain Hearsey, unattached; Captain Orr, unattached. - - -_Assistant Chaplains of Lucknow._ - -The Reverend H. P. Harris; the Reverend H. S. Polehampton, wounded, -since dead. - - -_Civil Surgeons._ - -Surgeon Ogilvie, Superintendent of Jails; Assistant-Surgeon Fayrer, -Residency Surgeon. - - -_Gentlemen of the Civil Service._ - -Mr. Gubbins, Financial Commissioner; Mr. Ommanney, Judicial -Commissioner, killed; Mr. Cooper, Secretary, Chief Commissioner; Mr. -Martin, Deputy-Commissioner, Lucknow; Mr. Benson, Deputy-Commissioner, -Durriabad; Mr. Capper, Deputy-Commissioner, Mullaon; Mr. Lawrence, -Officiating Deputy-Commissioner, Gondah, wounded, recovered; Mr. -Thornhill, Assistant-Commissioner, Lucknow, slightly wounded, -recovered--dangerously wounded, since dead; Mr. Boulderson, -Assistant-Commissioner, Lucknow, slightly wounded, recovered. - - -_Ladies and Children in Garrison._ - -Mrs. Hayes and child, Mrs. Edgell and child, Mrs. Marriot, Mrs. Inglis -and three children, Mrs. Barwell and child, Mrs. Thomas and child (Mrs. -Thomas, dead), Mrs. Lewin and two children, Mrs. Staples, Mrs. Radcliffe -and three children (one child dead), Mrs. Boileau and three children, -Mrs. Case and sister, Mrs. Steeven, Mrs. Giddings, Mrs. Bručre and four -children, Mrs. Germon, Mrs. Aitken, Mrs. Pitt and child, Mrs. Apthorp -and child (child dead), Mrs. Darrah and two children, Miss Palmer -killed, Mrs. Bird and two children (one child dead), Mrs. Green (dead), -Mrs. Huxham and two children (one child dead), Mrs. Ouseley and three -children (two children dead), Mrs. Dashwood and three children (one -child dead), Mrs. Wells and child, Mrs. Halford, Miss Halford, Mrs. -Strangways and four children (one child dead), Mrs. Brydon and two -children, Mrs. Stuart and child, Mrs. Banks and child, Mrs. Birch, Mrs. -Orr and child, Mrs. Hearsey, Mrs. Barlow, Mrs. Forbes and three children -(two children dead), Mrs. Graham and two children (one child dead), Mrs. -Gall, Mrs. Barbor, Mrs. Clarke, Mrs. Soppitt, Mrs. Grant and child (both -dead), Mrs. Watson and child, Mrs. Harris, Mrs. Polehampton, Mrs. -Ogilvie, Mrs. Fayrer and child, Mrs. Gubbins, Miss Nepean, Mrs. Ommaney, -two Misses Ommaney, Mrs. Couper and three children, Mrs. Martin and two -children (two children dead), Mrs. Benson and child (child dead), Mrs. -Thornhill and child (child dead), Mrs. Schilling, Mrs. Hale and child, -(both dead), Mrs. Fullerton and child (child dead), Mrs. Dorin, killed; -Mrs Kendall and child (child dead), Mrs. Bartrum and child (child dead), -Mrs. Clarke and child (both dead), Mrs. Anderson and child (both dead), -Mrs. Anderson, Dr. Mrs. Boileau and four children (one child dead), Miss -E. E. Birch. - - -_European Women and Children in Garrison._ - -Mrs. Evans, dead; Mrs. Brett and child (child dead), Mrs. Ball and -child; Mrs. Cane and three children; Mrs. Court and two children; Mrs. -Connell and child; Mrs. Grant; Mrs. Abbott and child (child dead); Mrs. -Hembro and three children; Mrs. Purcell and child; Mrs. Longton and -child; Mrs. Morgan; Mrs. Sexton; Mrs. Ramsay; Mrs. Watson and child; -Mrs. Ryder; Mrs. Wells and child; Mrs. Woods and three children (one -child dead); Mrs. Morton and child (child dead); Mrs. Baxter and three -children; Mrs. Fitzgerald and child; Mrs. Fitzgerald and three children -(one child dead); Mrs. Martin; Mrs. Kinsley and four children; Mrs. Rae; -Mrs. Gabriell and three children; Mrs. Pew, senior; Mrs. Pew, junior, -and four children (two children dead); Mrs. Ireland and child; Mrs. -Swarris and three children; Mrs. Gambooa; Mrs. Blyth and child (child -dead); Mrs. Jones; Mrs. Luxted; Miss Luxted; Mrs. Catania; Mrs. Forbes; -Mrs. Blaney; Mrs. Hyde and two children; Mrs. Sequera, senior; Mrs. -Sequera, junior, killed; Mrs. Chrestien; Miss Sequera, Mrs. Vaughan and -two children; Mrs. Beale; Mrs. Hardingham; Mrs. Sinclair; Miss Hampton; -Mrs. Elliott; Mrs. Sangster and two children; Mrs. Barnett and child; -Miss Sangster; Mrs. Browne; Mrs. Hamilton and three children (two -children dead); Mrs. Velozo; Miss Velozo; Mrs. Horn and three children; -Mrs. Parry and four children; Mrs. Ereth; Mrs. Bates; Mrs. Scott and -child (child dead); Mrs. Need and three children; Mrs. Higgins, dead; -Mrs. Williams and child (child dead); Mrs. Wilkinson, dead; Mrs. Allnutt -and child (child dead); Mrs. Reilly and child (child dead); Mrs. Collins -and child (both dead); Mrs. Macgrenan; Mrs. Garland and child; Miss -Clarke; Mrs. J. J. Phillips; Mrs. W. Phillips and child; Mrs. Leslie; -Mrs. Lincoln and child; Mrs. Chick and two children (one child dead); -Mrs. Clancey and two children; Mrs. Joyce and child; Mrs. Best and child -(child dead); Mrs. Pidgeon; Mrs. Todd and child; Mrs. Blunt; Mrs. -Garrett and two children; Mrs. Pedron; Miss Marshall; Miss Savaille; -Miss Campagnac; Mrs. Dudman and three children (two children dead); Mrs. -Ward and child; Mrs. Dudman 2nd, Mrs. Rennick; Mrs. Derozario; Mrs. -Dacosta; Mrs. Archer and two children; Mrs. Hilton and two children; -Mrs. Dera Vara and two children; Mrs. Pender and four children; Mrs. -McDonnough and two children; Mrs. Oliver and two children; Mrs. Brown; -Mrs. Rontleff and child; Mrs. Curwan and child; Mrs. Lynch and child; -Mrs. Moreton and two children (both children dead); Mrs. Smith and three -children; Mrs. Brandoff; Mrs. Curtain and three children; Mrs. Kennedy; -Mrs. Bally and two children; Mrs. Peter; Miss Kennedy; Mrs. Burnet and -child; Mrs. Cook and four children (one child dead); Mrs. Bryson and -four children (one child dead); Mrs. Marshall; Mrs. Rutledge and two -children; Mrs. Lawrence and two children (one child dead); Mrs. Samson; -Mrs. Horan and three children; Mrs. Kavanagh and four children (one -child dead); Mrs. F. Marshall and two children; Mrs. Sago; Mrs. Virtue; -Miss Virtue; Miss Brown; Mrs. F. Williams and two children; Mrs. Gordon -and two children; Mrs. Hoff; Mrs. Wittenbaker and eight children; Mrs. -Donnithorne and two children (one child dead); Mrs. Pearce and two -children; Mrs. Mendes, dead; Miss Gardner; Miss Roberts; Mrs. Dubois, -senior; Mrs. Dubois, junior; Mrs. Campagnac, senior; Mrs. Campagnac, -junior, and four children; Miss Campagnac, 1st; Miss Campagnac, 2nd; -Mrs. Mahar and two children; Mrs. Twitchem; Mrs. Marley and one child; -Miss Hampton; Mrs. Longden; Miss Rodgers; Mrs. Duff and child; Mrs. -Griffiths and three children; Mrs. Keogh and five children (three -children dead); Mrs. Molloy and five children; Mrs. Hernon and four -children; Mrs. Bickers and three children; Mrs. Barrett and three -children (one child dead); Mrs. Casey and five children (one child -dead); Mrs. Alone, Miss Alone; Miss Arno; Miss Robinson; Miss Bowhear; -Mrs. Johannes and child; Mrs. Queiros and child; Mrs. Dias; Mrs. -Pelling; Mrs. Nazareth and two children (Mrs. Nazareth, dead); Mrs. -Nugent, junior, and three children; Mrs. Joseph and three children; Mrs. -Hamilton; Mrs. Blenman; Mrs. Bates and child; Mrs. Barfoot. - - -_Members of the Uncovenanted Service._ - -Messrs. J. F. Macgrenan, R. Garland, W. E. Fitzgerald, R. M. Collins, F. -Leach, F. Williams, F. Knight, J. Gordon, E. Hoff, R. Dorrett, Anthony -Wharton, Wittenbaker, Wittenbaker junior (killed), S. Williams, -Donnithorne, Velozo, Pearce, Mendes (killed), Phillips, French, Leslie, -Lincoln, Chick, W. Phillips, Clancey (killed), Ewart, Todd, R. Joyce, -Thriepland Blund, Forrester (wounded), Potter, Kavanagh, Marshall, -Forder, May, Martin, Morgan (wounded), McRae (wounded), Bryson (killed), -J. Brown (killed), C. Brown (killed), O. Browne (dead), W. Marshall -(killed), E. Sequera (killed), Blancey (wounded, recovered), Rutledge -(wounded, recovered), Duhan, Hutton, Owen, Morgan, Lawrence, Sarle, -Sequera, Parey, Allnutt, B. Alone, A. Alone (wounded), A. Bates, Blenham -(wounded), Bailey (wounded, recovered), Bickers (wounded), Ereth -(killed), T. Catania, C. Catania, Hardingham, Rees, J. Sinclair -(wounded), McAuliffe (killed), Sinclair (pensioner), Rae, Gabriel, -Samuels, Pew, sen., A. Pew, jun., G. Ireland, W. Ireland, Swarries -(wounded, recovered), Fernandes, Blythe, Jones, Luxted (pensioner), Hyde -(wounded, slightly recovered), Howard, Forbes, Blaney, Deprat (killed), -W. Hamilton, Sequera, Sequera, jun. (wounded, recovered), Chrestien, -Schmidth (wounded, since dead), Collins, Vaughan (wounded, recovered), -Elliott, Sangster, Beale (killed), Queiros, Queiros junior, Queiros 3rd, -Johannes, Nazareth, Dias, Signor Barsotelli, Jeoffry, W. Brown, -Mitchell, Johnson, Symes, Wells (killed), Dubois, Campagnac, C. -Campagnac, E. Dudman, Owen, Hill, Crabb (killed), Need (killed), Ward, -Barry, Casey (dead), Barrett (dead), Wiltshire (dead), Macmanus -(killed), Cameron (dead), Gerald Cameron (merchant), H. H. Birch (son of -the late Lieut.-Col. F. W. Birch). - - -_Martiniere School._ - -Mr. Schilling, Principal; Mr. Crank, Assistant; Messrs. Archer, Dodd, -Wall, Hilton, Dera Vara, De Verrine, and boys. - - -PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE, LONDON. - - - - - * * * * * * - - - - -Transcriber's note: - -Apparent typographical errors have been corrected. - -The use of hyphens and of accents has been rationalised. - -One superscript and two "oe" ligatures have been removed. - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE DEFENCE OF LUCKNOW*** - - -******* This file should be named 53093-8.txt or 53093-8.zip ******* - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/5/3/0/9/53093 - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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F. (Thomas Fourness) Wilson</title> - <link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover.jpg" /> - <style type="text/css"> - - body { - margin-left: 7%; - margin-right: 7%; - font-size: 110%; - } - - p { - margin-top: .5em; - text-indent: 1em; - text-align: justify; - margin-bottom: .5em; - line-height: 110%; - } - - h1 { - text-align: center; - clear: both; - font-weight: normal; - font-style: normal; - font-size: 160%; - line-height: 160%; - margin-top: 1em; - margin-bottom: 1em; - } - - h2 { - text-align: center; - clear: both; - font-weight: normal; - font-style: normal; - font-size: 130%; - line-height: 130%; - margin-top: 2em; - margin-bottom: 1em; - } - - h3 { - text-align: center; - clear: both; - font-weight: normal; - font-style: normal; - font-size: 120%; - line-height: 120%; - margin-top: 1em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; - } - - h4 { - text-align: center; - clear: both; - font-weight: normal; - font-style: italic; - font-size: 105%; - line-height: 105%; - margin-top: 1em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; - } - - /* styles for Transcriber's Note */ - #tnote { - background-color: #EEE; - color: inherit; - margin:2em 20%; - padding: 0.5em 1em; - border: 1px solid gray; - font-size: small; - } - #tnote p { - text-indent: 0; - text-align: left; - margin-bottom: .75em; - margin-top: .25em; - } - - /* style for illustration on title page */ - .image-center { - margin: 1.5em auto; - text-align: center; - } - .caption p { - text-align: center; - text-indent: 0; - margin: 0.25em 0; - font-size: small; - } - - /* styles for front matter */ - #front { - margin-top: 2em; - margin-bottom: 2em; - } - #front p { - margin-top: 2em; - margin-bottom: 1.5em; - text-indent: 0; - text-align: center; - line-height: 125%; - } - - /* styles for letter tops and feet */ - .top { - margin-top: 1em; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; - } - .foot { - margin-top: 0.5em; - margin-bottom: 1em; - } - div.right1 { - padding-right: 1em; - text-align: right; - } - div.right3 { - padding-right: 3em; - text-align: right; - } - div.left1 { - padding-left: 1em; - text-align: left; - } - div.left2 { - padding-left: 2em; - text-align: left; - } - - /* style for page numbers */ - .pagenum { - position: absolute; - right: 1.5%; - font-size: small; - font-style: normal; - font-weight: normal; - text-align: right; - } - - /* style for printer, publisher */ - .print-pub { - text-indent: 0; - text-align: center; - margin-top: 4em; - margin-bottom: 1em; - font-size: x-small; - } - - /* misc styles */ - .nodent { text-indent: 0; } - .ind { text-indent: 3em; } - .center { text-indent: 0; text-align: center; } - .smcap { font-variant: small-caps; } - .x-large { font-size: x-large; } - .small { font-size: small; } - .x-small { font-size: x-small; } - .sup { vertical-align: 20%; font-size: smaller; } - .gap-between { letter-spacing: 3em; } - .gap-above { margin-top: 2em; } - .section { page-break-before: always; } - - h1.pg { font-weight: bold; - font-size: 190%; - line-height: 100%; - margin-top: 0em; } - h2.pg { font-weight: bold; - line-height: 100%; } - h3.pg { font-weight: bold; - font-size: 110%; - line-height: 100%; - margin-top: 1em; - margin-bottom: 1em; } - h4.pg { font-weight: bold; - font-style: normal; - font-size: 100%; - line-height: 100%; - margin-top: 1em; - margin-bottom: 1em; } - hr.full { width: 100%; - margin-top: 3em; - margin-bottom: 0em; - margin-left: auto; - margin-right: auto; - height: 4px; - border-width: 4px 0 0 0; /* remove all borders except the top one */ - border-style: solid; - border-color: #000000; - clear: both; } - </style> -</head> -<body> -<h1 class="pg">The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Defence of Lucknow, by T. F. (Thomas -Fourness) Wilson</h1> -<p>This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States -and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no -restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it -under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this -eBook or online at <a -href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you are not -located in the United States, you'll have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this ebook.</p> -<p>Title: The Defence of Lucknow</p> -<p> A Diary Recording the Daily Events during the Siege of the European Residency from 31st May to 25th September, 1857</p> -<p>Author: T. F. (Thomas Fourness) Wilson</p> -<p>Release Date: September 19, 2016 [eBook #53093]</p> -<p>Language: English</p> -<p>Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1</p> -<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE DEFENCE OF LUCKNOW***</p> -<p> </p> -<h4 class="pg">E-text prepared by Brian Coe, Chris Pinfield,<br /> - and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team<br /> - (<a href="http://www.pgdp.net">http://www.pgdp.net</a>)<br /> - from page images generously made available by<br /> - Internet Archive<br /> - (<a href="https://archive.org">https://archive.org</a>)</h4> -<p> </p> -<table border="0" style="background-color: #ccccff;margin: 0 auto;" cellpadding="10"> - <tr> - <td valign="top"> - Note: - </td> - <td> - Images of the original pages are available through - Internet Archive. See - <a href="https://archive.org/details/TheDefenceOfLucknow"> - https://archive.org/details/TheDefenceOfLucknow</a> - </td> - </tr> -</table> -<p> </p> -<hr class="full" /> -<p> </p> -<p> </p> - -<div class="image-center"> - <a href="images/frontis-large.jpg"> - <img src="images/frontis-thumb.jpg" width="350" height="255" alt="map"/> - </a> - <div class="caption"> - <p>PLAN OF<br /> - <span class="x-small">THE</span><br /> - ENTRENCHED POSITION<br /> - <span class="x-small">OF THE</span><br /> - BRITISH GARRISON<br /> - <span class="x-small">AT</span><br /> - LUCKNOW.<br /> - <span class="x-small">1857.</span></p> - <p class="x-small">Published by Smith, Elder & C<sup>o</sup>, Cornhill London 1858.</p> - </div> -</div> - -<div id="front"> - - <h1><span class="small">THE</span><br /> - DEFENCE OF LUCKNOW.</h1> - - <p>A DIARY</p> - - <p class="small">RECORDING THE DAILY EVENTS DURING THE SIEGE<br /> - OF THE EUROPEAN RESIDENCY</p> - - <p class="smcap">from 31st may to 25th september, 1857.</p> - - <p>BY A STAFF OFFICER</p> - - <p class="small">WITH A PLAN OF THE RESIDENCY.</p> - - <p><i>SECOND EDITION.</i></p> - - - <p>LONDON:<br /> - SMITH, ELDER, AND CO., 65 CORNHILL.<br /> - 1858.</p> - - <p class="x-small"><i>The right of translation is reserved.</i></p> - - <p class="x-small">LONDON<br /> - PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE AND CO.<br /> - NEW-STREET SQUARE.</p> - -</div> - -<h2>ADVERTISEMENT.</h2> - -<p><span class="smcap">The Author</span> of this work desiring, for military -reasons, to withhold his name, the Publishers feel -it due to the public to vouch for the authenticity -of the "Diary," by stating that the Author is an -officer of the Staff of the Anglo-Indian Army, and -was in Lucknow during the whole of the siege; -as, indeed, will be apparent from the full details -he has given of all that transpired in the garrison.</p> - -<p>They beg to add that the only alteration made -by them is the substitution of the most recent -and complete list of the killed and wounded during -the defence, as given in the "Homeward Mail," -for the list appended to the MS. They have also -added the eloquent despatch of Brigadier Inglis, -recording the services of the garrison.</p> - -<div class="foot"> -<div class="left1"><small>65</small>, <span class="smcap">Cornhill</span>:</div> -<div class="left2"><small><i>Feb.</i> 25<i>th</i>, 1858</small>.</div> -</div> - -<div class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">{1}</a></div> - - <h2>DIARY OF EVENTS AT LUCKNOW.</h2> - -<p class="nodent"><span class="smcap">For</span> about ten days previous to the outbreak, daily -reports were made that an <i>émeute</i> was intended, and -Sir H. M. Lawrence had ordered all kinds of stores -to be purchased and stored in the "Muchee -Bhawun" and the City Residency. But latterly -the intelligence began to excite less attention, as so -many days had passed away which had been named -for the outbreak. On the evening of the 30th May, -however, a sepoy of the 13th Native Infantry, who -had shortly before received a reward from Sir Henry -Lawrence for having assisted in the capture of a -spy, came to Captain Wilson of the 13th Native -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">{2}</a></span> -Infantry, Assistant Adjutant-General, and said he -could not help reporting that there would be a -rising amongst the sepoy regiments, to be commenced -in the lines of the 71st Native Infantry that -evening at about 8 or 9 <small>P.M.</small>; but he was not certain -at what hour. His manner in giving this information -was <i>earnest</i> and <i>impressive</i>.</p> - -<p>On that evening everything went on as usual; -all remained quiet in the cantonments, where Sir -Henry Lawrence was residing. Some days previously -the ladies and children had been removed -to the Residency in the city, which place had -already been occupied by a party of the 32nd Foot -and two guns. The 9 <small>P.M.</small> gun was fired, and was -evidently the preconcerted signal for the mutiny; -for a few minutes after, whilst Sir Henry Lawrence -and his staff were at dinner at the Residency, a -sepoy came running in and reported a disturbance -in the lines. Two shots were heard in the 71st -lines. The horses of the staff were at once ordered, -and they proceeded to the lines. On the way, more -dropping shots were heard from the left of the 71st -lines. The party arrived in the camp, where about -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">{3}</a></span> -300 men of Her Majesty's 32nd, with four guns of -Major Kaye's battery, and two guns of the Oude -Irregular Force were posted, and found them all on -the alert. These were posted in a position on the -extreme right of the 71st lines (the whole front of -which they swept), and they were also contiguous to -the road leading from cantonments to the city.</p> - -<p>Sir Henry Lawrence immediately took two guns -and a company of the 32nd with him on the road -leading to the town, and there took post; thereby -blocking up the road, and effectually cutting off all -access to the city. He sent back soon after for reinforcements -of the Europeans and for two more guns. -In the meantime, the officers of the several regiments -had proceeded at once to their respective -lines. Bands of insurgents had meanwhile made -their way amongst the officers' bungalows, keeping -up as they went a desultory fire, which prevented -many from passing the roads towards the lines. -One of the first of these parties made straight for -the mess house of the 71st Native Infantry, whence -the officers had escaped but a few minutes before. -They exhibited great bloodthirstiness, making every -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">{4}</a></span> -search for the officers, and ending by firing the -house. On several shots being fired from the -71st lines on the 32nd Foot and guns, the order -was given to open with grape; on which a rush was -made by the sepoys to the rear; when they passed -the infantry picket, which is situate in the centre of -cantonments. The picket was under the command -of Lieutenant Grant of the 71st Native Infantry. -His men remained with him till the mutineers were -close upon him. They then broke; but the subadar -of the guard, and some men of the 13th and 48th -Regiments, composing the guard, tried to save him -by placing him under a bed. A man of the 71st -Native Infantry, who was on guard with him, however, -discovered the place of his concealment to the -mutineers, and he was there brutally murdered—receiving -no less than fifteen bayonet wounds, -besides some from musket balls.</p> - -<p>From the first, Lieutenant Hardinge, taking with -him some few sowars of his Irregular Cavalry, -patrolled up and down the main street of the cantonments, -and went to the officers' messes on the chance -of saving any lives. In the compound of the 71st -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">{5}</a></span> -mess, he was fired at by a mutineer, who then rushed -upon him with his bayonet, which pierced his arm. -More than once the cantonments were thus patrolled -by Lieutenant Hardinge under a smart fire, with -the same humane intentions; but not in sufficient -force to prevent the burning and plundering of the -officers' bungalows, and of the bazaars. The excitement -in the lines continued; while the 32nd remained -quietly in position, awaiting the advent of -the remnants of the regiments who had remained -true to their colours. A remnant of the 13th Native -Infantry, about 200 men, with colours and treasure, -came up; and, according to previous arrangement, -joined and fell in on the right of the 32nd. A small -portion of the 71st, without being able to save their -colours or their treasure, (through the disaffection of -the native officer on duty,) also came up and took -post next the 32nd Foot. Of the 48th, nothing was -heard till 10 <small>A.M.</small> next day. About 10 o'clock <small>P.M.</small> -many of the mutineers had made their way up to -some empty artillery lines, outside the 71st Native -Infantry lines, whence they commenced firing. -Brigadier Handscomb, who had come up from the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">{6}</a></span> -rear of the 71st lines, was killed by a stray shot -from this place: just as he had reached the left -flank of the 32nd, he fell dead off his horse. The -bungalows throughout the cantonments were most -of them on fire. No attempt was subsequently -made to attack the position. To secure the Residency -bungalow, and that portion of the cantonment next -the city road, 4 guns and a company and a half -were taken up to the cantonment Residency, and the -guns placed at each gate. All was now quiet, and -the remainder of the night passed away without any -further event. Nothing had been seen or heard of -the 48th Native Infantry. Many officers had most -wonderful escapes from death. Lieutenant and -Adjutant Chambers of the 13th Native Infantry, -was severely wounded in the leg, whilst effecting his -escape from the magazine where he had taken a -guard of his regiment.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>May 31st.</i>—At daylight, the force, consisting of -some companies of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot, and -the remnants of the native regiments, about 100 -men 71st, and 220 men 13th Native Infantry, with -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">{7}</a></span> -part of the 7th Cavalry, and four guns, advanced -down the parade in front of the lines of the several -regiments. From the lines of the 13th Native -Infantry about fifty men came, and said they had -saved the magazine of that regiment. Hearing that -the body of the rebels had retired towards the race -course, where they had plundered the lines of the -7th Cavalry, and murdered Cornet Raleigh of that -regiment (who had been left there sick) the whole -force of cavalry and infantry, with four guns, proceeded -thither, leaving Colonel Case with a portion -of the 32nd in position in cantonments. On arriving -in the open plain, a body of about 1200 men -were seen in line in the distance, drawn up to the -race course. Many of the cavalry galloped over at -once to the insurgents. The guns then opened -with round shot, which dispersed them, and they -made the best of their way across country, followed -immediately by the cavalry and guns, and, at a -greater distance by the infantry. No opportunity -offered for the guns to again open, owing to the -celerity of their flight; but the cavalry hovered -round and took about sixty prisoners, who were -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">{8}</a></span> -brought into cantonments. The pursuit continued -in the same order until the guns were stopped by a -nullah, over which they could not cross. The -cavalry, however, continued their pursuit; and kept -it up for some ten miles. By 10 <small>A.M.</small> the force had -returned to cantonments, as the heat was excessive.</p> - -<p>As most of the bungalows were burned (the -officers having lost everything) the troops were -moved into camp,—the 32nd and guns into the position -they held formerly; the native regiments next -them on the right; and in the following order:—13th -next the 32nd, the 71st next, then the 48th, -with the 7th Cavalry on the extreme right. The -usual guards were kept by the native regiments, -and the cantonments regularly occupied. Owing to -this, the neighbouring country seemed to be reassured. -Supplies came in regularly, and in plenty. -The exertions of all were redoubled to complete the -defences, and collect stores and supplies in Muchee -Bhawun and the city Residency. The former post, -originally occupied by the dependants of the late -king, had been selected by Sir Henry Lawrence as -a fitting place of security and retreat, in case matters -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">{9}</a></span> -took an unfavourable turn. On the 16th of May, -immediately on the receipt of intelligence from -Meerut of the commencement of the outbreak, this -stronghold, then in a very dilapidated condition, -was occupied by the light company of the 13th and -some guns, and measures were taken for its thorough -cleansing. Supplies continued to be brought -in and stored.</p> - -<p>On the evening of the day on which the troops -returned from the pursuit of the rebels, an insurrection -took place in the city towards Hosainabad; -the standard of the prophet was raised, and other -means of religious persuasion used to excite the -populace. The police of the city, under the energetic -superintendence of Captain Carnegie, behaved -well, and the movement was at once quelled, and -the standard taken. News of the <i>émeute</i> at this place -had by this time reached the district, and the rising -of the neighbouring stations was to be looked for.</p> - -<p>On the afternoon of the 4th June, parties of -ladies and officers of the 41st Native Infantry, -escorted by about twenty-five men of the regiment, -who had remained faithful, came in, bringing the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">{10}</a></span> -news of the mutiny at Seetapore, and of the deaths -of Lieutenant-Colonel Birch, commanding the -regiment there, of Mr. Christian, and of other -civilians and ladies. On the 5th, news came of the -mutiny at Cawnpore, but no particulars. Reports -of all kinds were rife among the Bazaars; but no -authentic intelligence could be procured, as the -telegraph wire was cut. From Benares the news -came in of the 37th Native Infantry having mutinied, -and of their having been overpowered by -the rest of the force there. But nothing further -transpired, for from that day to the 10th instant, -the communication was <i>in toto</i> interrupted.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 10th.</i>—The defences at the city Residency, -as well as the Muchee Bhawun, were increased, -and houses and buildings around them began at -once to be demolished. Large stacks of firewood -were made, and houses and tents set apart for the -occupation of the European refugees, who were -arriving from the districts daily. Provisions of all -sorts continued to be stored, including 110 hogsheads -of beer just arrived from Cawnpore.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">{11}</a></span> -Besides the two important posts noted above, -the range of buildings towards the Hosainabad -quarter of the town were occupied by 2000 police -under the direction of Captain Carnegie; a thousand -more were ordered to be raised, and officers of -the 41st were put in command of each of the police -battalions. This day we heard, by native report, -that General Wheeler was defending himself in the -entrenchments at Cawnpore; but no letter was -received.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 11th.</i>—Early this morning a false alarm was -brought in from the Cawnpore road, that the enemy -was upon us. Captain Evans, who had been sent -out to gain information, returned with the above -report, which created for a short period some needless -alarm. We continued hard at work getting in -supplies and adding to our defences. Many vague -reports of disturbances were in circulation to-day.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 12th.</i>—On this day an instance of disaffection -from within the camp occurred. The regiment -of military police, commanded by Captain -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">{12}</a></span> -Orr, mutinied in a body, rushed to their lines, seized -their arms, and then set off in the direction of -Cawnpore, giving themselves no time to inflict any -damage in their quarter of the city. So great was -their haste, that they failed to empty their own barracks, -and left behind them their clothes and baggage. -Information of this was given to headquarters; -on which two guns of Major Kaye's battery, -two companies of Her Majesty's 32nd, and -some seventy Seikhs of the 1st Oude Irregular -Cavalry, the whole under the command of Colonel -Inglis, were despatched after them. They were -pursued for some eight miles before they were come -up with, and it was only by pushing on the cavalry -and guns, without waiting for the slower movements -of the infantry, that they were overtaken at all.</p> - -<p>The guns opened fire as soon as practicable; they -had come up well over some difficult ground, but -their horses were, in consequence, so done up, that -there was some difficulty in taking up the most -desirable position. Once the cavalry charged well, -but neither the result of their charge, nor of the -practice of the artillery, was such as might have -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">{13}</a></span> -been expected. The enemy's loss was not exactly -ascertained, but it was supposed that they had some -twenty killed, and ten prisoners were brought in. -Of Captain Forbes's men, two Pathans were killed -on the spot; and some others, including a gallant old -native officer, wounded. Mr. Thornhill, of the civil -service, charging with them, was also wounded. -All this time the infantry were far behind, unable -to get up. A village lay to the front, in which -many of the insurgents had taken refuge. Colonel -Inglis forbade its bombardment, as it would have -entailed much injury to innocent villagers; and the -evening was, by that time, so far advanced, that the -measure would probably not have sufficed to dislodge -the mutineers.</p> - -<p>About an hour remained to sunset; the guns and -cavalry were a long way from the infantry, and -many miles further from home. A return movement -was therefore ordered, and accomplished successfully: -the whole force returned about 8 o'clock, -having gone over some sixteen or eighteen miles of -ground.</p> - -<p>The Europeans had marched well to the front. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">{14}</a></span> -It was a hard day's work for them, and two men -were lost from apoplexy, for the heat was dreadful.</p> - -<p>On this day the horses of the men of the 7th -Cavalry were brought down and picketed close to -the Baillie Guard; as, with a very few exceptions, -the 13th, 48th, and 71st Regiments of Native Infantry -and 7th Cavalry had been ordered to proceed -on leave till October, and their arms and accoutrements -were brought down and deposited in the -Residency. (Vide No. 1 in the Appendix.)</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 13th.</i>—Shot and shell both brought down to -the garrison from Muchee Bhawun (about three-quarters -of a mile). Unabated exertions to add to -the defences of the garrison.</p> - -<p>The 13th Regiment of Native Infantry, 170 rank -and file, came down from cantonments and encamped -in the Residency compound. Ineffectual efforts to -blow down the <i>Furrahd Buksh</i> Gateway. Three or -four cases of cholera occurred at Fort Muchee -Bhawun. Officers' servants began to desert. Intelligence -was received from Fyzabad of the mutiny -of all the troops there. Heat beyond endurance. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">{15}</a></span> -Garrison in good spirits, and much elated at the -brush after the Police Corps. Little reliance was -placed in natives, and every possible precaution was -taken to prevent any treachery. The native gunners, -both in the Residency and at the Muchee Bhawun, -were so posted as to be under the immediate fire of -the Europeans, who watched them carefully both -day and night. An officer was on duty at the gate -all day long, to observe all incomers, and to prevent -arms being brought in by others than those who -had received passes.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 14th.</i>—Supplies of shot and shell brought -in from Muchee Bhawun. Every exertion made -to increase the defences of the garrisons. No reliable -intelligence was procurable of the state of -affairs at Cawnpore. Many idle rumours afloat, -but not corroborated, with regard to a reinforcement -of Europeans having arrived at that station -from the north-west. Heat excessive. Several -cases of cholera and smallpox. A few cases of the -former disease proved fatal in Muchee Bhawun. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">{16}</a></span> -Hardinge's corps still steady. About 200 of the -Oude Irregular Cavalry deserted last night.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 15th.</i>—A hundred barrels of gunpowder -brought from the Muchee Bhawun, and buried in -the Residency enclosure. Shot and shell continued -to be brought into garrison from Muchee Bhawun. -Uncovenanted servants were drilled with muskets. -A tragic event occurred this day:—Serjeant-major -K., 7th Light Cavalry, shot with a pistol, -Riding-master Edridge, 7th Light Cavalry, in -the heat of an argument. The riding-master died -a few hours after. No reliable intelligence was -procured from Cawnpore, though vague reports -were in circulation. The death of Lieutenant-Colonel -Fisher, commanding 15th Irregular Cavalry, -by the hands of his own men, was reported.</p> - -<p>Captain Gall's servant returned to the garrison -this day, reporting his master's death, which took -place by stratagem, and by the hands of his own -men. Captain Gall was proceeding in disguise <i>en route</i> -to Allahabad, with twelve sowars of his own corps, -and had proceeded about fifty miles on his way, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">{17}</a></span> -when his murder took place. All officers of the -cantonments were ordered down to the garrison, -with the exception of the commanding officers and -regimental staff. Twenty-three lacs of rupees -were buried close in front of the Residency, for -security, and to avoid the necessity of guards and -sentries over it. Rum and porter (one-half) was -received into the Residency from Muchee Bhawun. -Fever was prevalent. The Seikhs of the 13th -Native Infantry, numbering about fifty men, were -formed, at their own request, into a company, -under the command of Captain Germon, and sent -to Muchee Bhawun. Spare clothing of the 13th -was brought in from cantonments. Continued -efforts were made to blow up the Furrah Buksh -Gate. The flooring of the first story fell in this day.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 16th.</i>—A quantity of shot and shells came in -from Muchee Bhawun; also an 18-pounder gun. The -shot was piled, as far as possible. On this date, there -were seven 18-pounders in position. The whole day -was expended in working hard at a battery in a position -commanding the Cawnpore-road, and in unroofing -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">{18}</a></span> -houses, burying powder, &c. The gate leading into -the Furrah Buksh came down in the course of -the forenoon with a great crash, after many futile -attempts had been made for its destruction. This -was an important point gained, as the Residency compound -was quite commanded from the top of this -gate.</p> - -<p>This morning, twenty-two conspirators, emissaries -from Benares and elsewhere, who had been -sent to corrupt the troops at this place, were captured -in a house in the centre of the city. Information -having been given to Captain Hughes, commanding -the 4th Irregular Infantry, he directed two staunch -native officers to put themselves on the watch, and -to pretend participation in the disaffection. This -they did, and by this means, with Captain Carnegie's -assistance, Captain Hughes was enabled to effect the -capture of these inciters to mutiny. They were -forthwith brought to a drum-head court-martial -and the whole of them condemned to death.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 17th.</i>—This morning, four of the men sentenced -yesterday, were hanged at the Muchee -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">{19}</a></span> -Bhawun; the remaining eighteen were liberated, -as some doubts were entertained of their guilt.</p> - -<p>Vague and most contradictory rumours came in -this day about Cawnpore, but no authentic intelligence -could be gained. The intelligence department, -under the supervision of Mr. Gubbins, with two assistants, -seemed to experience great difficulty in procuring -reliable intelligence. Amongst others, Colonel -Palmer, commanding the 48th Regiment Native Infantry, -came in from the cantonments, waited on the -Brigadier-General, and reported large assemblies -of men near cantonments, the immediate abandonment -of which he most earnestly advocated.</p> - -<p>Although there yet remained some twenty-five lacs -in the treasury, the expenditure had been on such an -enormous scale during the last week, that cash payments -were suspended, unless in exceptional cases. -The money rewards, &c., promised to men of the -several infantry regiments, whose good behaviour -had been conspicuous on the night of the mutiny, -were discharged by promissory notes. Major Apthorp -of the 41st Native Infantry had an advance -made to him to pay up and discharge twenty-five of his -men who had escorted in the officers and ladies from -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">{20}</a></span> -Seetapore; as it was reported by one of his drummers, -that even these faithful few, who had all been -promised promotion by Sir Henry Lawrence for -their fidelity on that occasion, had expressed themselves -to the effect that if Rajah Maun Singh came -against them, they would all have to go over, and -would murder their officers.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 18th.</i>—The force at the Residency, consisting -of the regular troops, civilians, volunteers of all -sorts, and, in fact, every man within the defences -not incapacitated by sickness, were ordered by Sir -Henry Lawrence to parade at sunrise. Every man -was to be at the post he was to occupy in case of an -attack; and those to whom no posts had been assigned -mustered in front of the Residency, for the -purpose of having a post or duty assigned them. -The Brigadier-General inspected the whole of them, -and visited all the outposts and picquets.</p> - -<p>In the evening of the same day the force was -paraded a second time, and minutely inspected by -Colonel Inglis. A body of fifty volunteers, belonging -to the several offices, had been trained and -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">{21}</a></span> -drilled to use firearms. To them was entrusted the -defence of two outposts near the Post-office, which -place had been made a very strong position. The -officers comprising the volunteer corps of cavalry -were also given arms, to be able to make a stand -and defend themselves within their own quarters. -They furnished sentries at night, and exercised a -supervision over some seventy Seikh sowars, the -remains of the Oude Irregular Cavalry. These, as -well as the body of clerks, &c., mentioned above, -were in all respects armed and accoutred like private -soldiers. Besides this, many of the volunteers and -officers were instructed in gun drill; and, at the -Muchee Bhawun, by Sir Henry's directions, some -fifty or sixty of the 32nd Foot were told off for the -same work. A very strong battery (the Redan) was -commenced this day; it completely commanded the -iron bridge and the road leading to cantonments.</p> - -<p>The servants of Captains Staples, 7th Cavalry, -and Burmester, 48th Native Infantry, returned -and reported the murder of those officers whose -heads, they stated, were carried to the Nana at -Cawnpore; and that Lieutenant Boulton, of the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">{22}</a></span> -7th-Cavalry, jumped his horse into the river, and -nothing further had been heard of him. Owing to -the want of rain, the heat had now become intense. -Cholera and dysentery were on the increase; chiefly -at the Muchee Bhawun.</p> - -<p>Reports came in of some bodies of the enemy being -at a place called Nawab Gunge, about eighteen -miles from Lucknow, and Captain Forbes, with -twenty Sikhs and ten of the volunteer cavalry corps, -was sent out there to ascertain the presence or -otherwise of the enemy. They returned in the -evening bringing information that there was no one. -The company of the 10th Oude Irregular Force was -brought down from the Dâk Bungalow to the jail. -This regiment was the last to give way at Seetapore, -and it was reported they did not molest their officers.</p> - -<p>Quantities of bhoosa were collected and stored -within the Racket Court, which was now half full.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 19th.</i>—This morning Sir Henry Lawrence -inspected the Muchee Bhawun minutely. More -small arm ammunition was brought in from thence -to the Residency.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">{23}</a></span> -A fresh case of smallpox occurred today (Mr. -Bird, who was immediately removed to a tent in the -compound). The uncovenanted volunteers were -again minutely inspected this afternoon. The -engineer officers were very hard at work completing -the batteries and defences. Upwards of 3000 -coolies were at work unroofing houses in the vicinity -of our defences.</p> - -<p>From cantonments all the spare baggage, &c. was -brought in, and every preparation made to prevent -confusion in case the position there should be -abandoned. In the city of Lucknow everything -remained perfectly quiet,—the administration of -justice was in no way impeded. Grain was stored -in large quantities in the church.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 20th.</i>—This day, "the Redan" was completed. -It consisted of one 18-pounder gun and one -9-pounder, with two mortars in their rear—the -whole commanding the iron bridge and open country -across the river. The Cawnpore 18-pounder -battery was very nearly finished, and an expense -magazine establishment near it.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">{24}</a></span> -A letter bearing date the 18th instant was received -from Cawnpore, written by Captain Moore -of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot, by direction of General -Wheeler,—it informed us, at last, of occurrences -at that place. All the numerous previous -reports regarding the reinforcements of European -troops said to have been received, were thereby -falsified. No such reinforcements had ever been -received. The letter informed us of their ability -to hold out for some fifteen days more. The dreadful -news of a boat load of European ladies, women, -and children, from Futteghurh, having been intercepted -at Cawnpore and assassinated there, was -confirmed by natives.</p> - -<p>Supplies continued to be stored, but they were -collected with difficulty and at increased prices.</p> - -<p>Large stacks of firewood, which had been stored -in case of difficulties, were regularly arranged in a -semicircle, protecting the front of the Residency, and -covered with earth; these formed an embankment -six feet in height, and embrasures were cut through -them for the guns, of which there were four 9-pounders -on that side.</p> - -<div class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">{25}</a></div> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 21st.</i>—Two hundred guns, many of large -calibre, were found in the gardens of the Seish -Mahul, behind the Dowlut Khana (a large building -on the north side of the city). There were no -carriages to them. This startling discovery was -luckily made in time. Twenty-seven guns were at -once brought in, and arrangements made for parking -the remainder.</p> - -<p>In the evening, as the church was full of grain, -divine service was performed in Mr. Gubbins's -garden; and, during the night, Sir Henry himself -once more visited the outposts, which had, by this -time, been brought to a satisfactory state. The -guards of the uncovenanted service were well on -the alert, and prepared for any emergency. The -difficulty of procuring all kinds of grain daily increased. -Many rumours of a strong force marching -on Lucknow from Fyzabad. The force in cantonments -held in readiness to march at one hour's -notice, to the Residency and the Muchee Bhawun.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 22nd.</i>—This morning Captain Radcliffe's -troop of volunteer cavalry were despatched, at 1 <small>A.M.</small>, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">{26}</a></span> -towards Nawab Gunge, to patrol the roads in that -direction, in conjunction with the Seikhs, in order to -gather information. About 4 o'clock <small>A.M.</small> a thunderstorm -from the east, with the much wished for rain, -came on. It lasted no very long time, and afforded -only a temporary relief from the excessive heat.</p> - -<p>Sir Henry Lawrence made an excursion as far -as the Husainabad Kolwallee, garrisoned by nearly -3000 police and others, and inspected them and -the defences of that place. He also visited the -Dowlut Khana, an old magazine, and on his return -went over the Muchee Bhawun defences. All our -available spare carts, hackeries, and wagons, were -to-day employed in bringing in the guns found -yesterday. Many of them were of large size. The -unroofing and clearing away of houses continued -without intermission, and every exertion was made -to remove anything which might afford cover in the -immediate vicinity of our defences.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 23rd.</i>—Two men executed this morning -at the Muchee Bhawun,—the one a mutineer -(a naick of the 71st Native Infantry), the other -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">{27}</a></span> -a man who had, on the night of the mutiny, -threatened the life of Mr. Yarbury, a merchant.</p> - -<p>A large battery traced out, looking to the westward. -It was to consist of at least two heavy guns, -and to be raised so as to bombard the town in that -direction. A considerable amount of labour would -have been required to raise it to the necessary -elevation. Altogether it was the most extensive -work of the kind we had yet undertaken. An -8-inch howitzer, which had been discovered with -the other guns at the Seesh Muhal, was mounted -and placed in the Redan battery.</p> - -<p>Captain Radcliffe's troop of volunteers, numbering -forty sabres, were drilled and exercised daily; and -now that the majority of the Irregular Cavalry had -deserted, and the remainder were not considered -trustworthy, the troops supplied two mounted orderlies -every morning to escort Sir Henry Lawrence -into the city.</p> - -<p>The commanding officer of the 71st Regiment -Native Infantry reported the remnant of the Seikhs -of his regiment (about twenty men, who had remained -true on the night of the <i>émeute</i>) as being in an -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">{28}</a></span> -insubordinate state, and no longer to be trusted. -Sir Henry Lawrence desired them to be sent to -him, and spoke to them. They had asked for their -discharge before, and had very precipitately been -disarmed by their commanding officer, without sufficient -authority. After being spoken to by the -Brigadier-General, they professed themselves quite -willing to continue their services: they were taken -at their word, their arms restored, and were kept at -the Residency under the command of an officer.</p> - -<p>A letter was received yesterday from Cawnpore, -written under the direction of General Sir H. M. -Wheeler, K.C.B., giving very bad news indeed. It -stated that the enemy shelled them for the last eight -days, which had had fearful effect within their crowded -trenches, and one third of their number had been killed.</p> - -<p>In the meantime, the Muchee Bhawun garrison -had not been idle at their defences, and Sir Henry -was constant in his visits there, as well as to the -Seesh Muhal, and Dowlut Khana. On the westward -side of the Muchee Bhawun, a heavy tower -was commenced; a work of great labour, from which -a flanking fire could be given. In the vicinity of -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">{29}</a></span> -the fort, as at the Residency, houses were unroofed, -and walls pulled down, so as to leave as little shelter -as we could. Magazines were constructed, and the -powder placed in safety.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 24th.</i>—Heavy clouds, and every appearance -of rain throughout the day, but none fell. Heat -excessive. Sir Henry Lawrence proceeded at daybreak -as usual, attended by his staff and two orderlies -from the volunteer cavalry, and inspected the -Dowlut Khana, Seesh Muhal, Imaumbarah Kolwallee, -and Muchee Bhawun; and in the evening he -proceeded five miles on the Fyzabad road, to ascertain -if there was a good position we could take up, -in case of an advance of the rebels in that direction.</p> - -<p>The last of the guns discovered in the Seesh -Muhal garden were brought in to-day. Four of -them were of very large calibre—two being -32-pounders. <i>Native</i> reports describe the force at -Cawnpore as being hard pressed. Native reports -from Allahabad were good. Much progress made -in knocking down and unroofing the houses in the -<i>immediate</i> vicinity of the Muchee Bhawun and Residency. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">{30}</a></span> -The Racket Court was now filled with -bhoosa for the cattle, and thatched in. We were -supposed to have nearly three months' supply of -provisions now stored. The mutineers were reported -to have arrived at Nawabgunge (eighteen -miles distant), and were said to have with them -some sixteen guns.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 25th.</i>—The tower at the Muchee Bhawun -was carried on this day with great ardour. Crowds -of coolies were employed under the direction of Lieutenant -Innes of the Engineers. This defence was to -command the stone bridge, the Imaumbara, and a -number of high mosques facing that side of the Muchee -Bhawun. Elephants were yoked to one of the -heaviest guns,—luckily there was some gear for the -purpose, and the experiment turned out successful.</p> - -<p>A native rumour reported the arrival of a strong -force of mutineers at Nawabgunge, where it was -said they were to remain till they had consolidated -their force. Good news came in to-day from Allahabad -in a letter from the officer commanding -the 1st Madras Fusileers, dated the 18th of June, in -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">{31}</a></span> -answer to one despatched from this place on the 15th -instant. Colonel Neil's letter gave little or no detail, -beyond stating that he assumed command of the -fort on the 11th instant; that there had been much -fighting, but all the mutineers were entirely broke -and dispersed, and the cantonments reoccupied. -Cholera broke out on the 18th among the Fusileers, -who in two days had had amongst them 100 cases, -forty of which had proved fatal. Every effort was -being made to push on troops to Cawnpore, but the -road was not open, and carriage was difficult to -procure: also that Her Majesty's 84th were close -at hand, and that the telegraphic communication -had been re-established between Calcutta and Allahabad. -No authentic intelligence from Cawnpore, -and much anxiety was felt regarding the force there.</p> - -<p>All appearance of rain had gone off, and the heat -was almost insupportable. The river had risen -about a foot and a half, and was no longer fordable. -A letter was received from Mrs. Dorin, stating that -she was residing in a hut close to Seetapore, soliciting -money and assistance, and reporting the murder -of her husband. Numbers of gun-barrels and locks -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">{32}</a></span> -were brought in from the old magazine, where a -great quantity of crowsfeet were found, and ordered -to be brought in to-morrow. Behind Mr. Ommanney's -house, a very large battery was commenced -by Lieutenant Hutchinson. Quantities of -grass and stores were brought in.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 26th.</i>—This morning Sir Henry Lawrence, -accompanied by his staff, as usual inspected the -principal buildings in the vicinity of the Muchee -Bhauwn and the new round tower, at which great -progress had been made, and in which not less -than 300 coolies were at work. Proceeding thence -he inspected the newly completed defences opposite -the Kolwallee. On his return, Sir H. Lawrence -received a letter from Major Raikes at -Mynpoorie, giving intelligence of the capture of -the city of Delhi on the 13th instant (this afterwards -turned out to be a false report). A royal -salute was ordered to be fired from the Residency, -Muchee Bhawun, and cantonments, and a <i>feu-de-joie</i> -was fired by the Irregulars, who were quartered -in the Dowlut Khana, under the command of -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">{33}</a></span> -Brigadier Gray. Many useful stores, consisting of -unwrought materials, rope, and platforms, were -brought in from the old magazine. Considerable -progress was made in a new battery for heavy guns, -which had been commenced in the rear of Mr. -Ommanney's house.</p> - -<p>In the afternoon, a letter, dated June 23rd, -was received from Colonel Neil, commanding at -Allahabad, reporting all well there; that 750 -Europeans had arrived, and that 1000 more would -be with him on the next day; that every effort -was being made to despatch 400 Europeans, two -guns, and 300 Seikhs to Cawnpore, but that much -difficulty was experienced in procuring carriage.</p> - -<p>Also, at sunset, a letter was received from Sir -H. M. Wheeler, K.C.B., dated the 24th instant, -detailing his losses, and giving an account of the -outbreak, and stating that he had supplies for only -eight or ten days at the farthest. His letter -was replied to at once, and he was informed by -Sir Henry Lawrence of the news received from -Allahabad, and also that in ten days at the farthest -he would receive aid from Allahabad, and that he -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">{34}</a></span> -must husband his resources as much as possible; -that the force at Lucknow was threatened by an -attack from eight or ten regiments, three or four of -which were within twenty miles.</p> - -<p>A reward of one lac of rupees was offered this day -for the capture, within a week, dead or alive, of the -Nana, at Cawnpore, and means were taken to have -the proclamation widely disseminated. With the -larger battery commenced to the south, behind Mr. -Ommanney's house, we had three large batteries in -progress, and were also busily employed in destroying, -as far as possible, any buildings that might give -cover in the vicinity. Five or six elephants were -in course of training to drag heavy guns, so as to -enable us to move out without delay, should circumstances -require a heavy gun to be taken out.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>27th June.</i>—This morning a letter from Lieutenant -Burnes, Adjutant of the 10th Regiment -Oude Irregular Infantry, late at Seetapore, was -received. It gave an account of the mutiny at that -place, and of the escape of himself, Sir M. Jackson, -Bart., and sisters (one of whom had been carried off -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">{35}</a></span> -for some days by the sepoys and brought back), and -some others, to a place called Mitowlee, where -they claimed and received the protection (charily -given) of a rajah: they were then all in the -jungles, suffering the <i>greatest</i> hardships. It also -mentioned the safety of another party with Captain -Hearsey; who, however, were also in the jungles. -Many of these seem to have had the most hairbreadth -escapes. No rain had yet fallen, and the -heat was most oppressive. The cholera had abated -during the past few days, but several cases of smallpox -had, however, occurred. The river was reported -to have fallen a foot since yesterday.</p> - -<p>A report was in circulation early in the day, -that General Wheeler had made terms with "the -Nana," at Cawnpore; but few believed it, and in -the evening it was reported incorrect, as heavy -firing had been heard yesterday at Cawnpore from -Bunnee. Three boxes of crow's feet and a great -number of musket-barrels and unwrought stores -were brought in from the old magazine at the -Dowlut-Khana; also a very large quantity of gun -carriage-wheels. The force at Nawabgunge was -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">{36}</a></span> -said to be increasing, but very undecided as to -what to do. A great force of coolies were at work, -and much progress was made in the defences at -Muchee Bhawun and the Residency.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>28th June.</i>—This morning, at about 3 <small>A.M.</small>, we -had a heavy fall of rain, which continued with -slight intervals till 7 <small>A.M.</small> Sir Henry Lawrence -proceeded to Hosainabad and examined the defensive -preparations made there; returning by the Muchee -Bhawun, he found that the buildings occupied -by the 32nd had hardly leaked at all. Divine -service was performed in the City Hospital (brigade -mess), occupied by the officers of the 7th -Cavalry, 13th, 48th, and 71st Native Infantry, at -7 <small>A.M.</small> Spies stated that the 17th Regiment Native -Infantry, numbering between 250 and 300 men, had -gone with five lacs of rupees to Onao on the Cawnpore -road—it was believed with the intention of -proceeding to Cawnpore.</p> - -<p>It having been reported that there were many -jewels and valuables in the king's palace, which -might fall into the hands of the mutineers, a party -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">{37}</a></span> -under Major Banks, consisting of fifty of the 13th, -twenty Seikhs 71st Native Infantry, and the European -Volunteer Cavalry, were sent out to fetch -them in; which they did about 6 <small>P.M.</small>, and reported -that they had discovered a large gun.</p> - -<p>About 7 <small>P.M.</small> three different natives brought in -the very sad and distressing news that the Cawnpore -force, having no more ammunition left, had entered -into a treaty with their enemies, after which they had -all been treacherously murdered, as they embarked -in boats to proceed down the river to Allahabad.</p> - -<p>Mrs. Dorin, wife of Lieutenant Dorin, who lately -commanded the 10th Regiment Oude Irregular -Forces, arrived this evening in a country cart, disguised -as a native, and accompanied by some -clerks. She was for very many days secreted in a -village close to Seetapore, and her escape is wonderful. -The Serjeant-Major's wife of the 9th Regiment -Oude Irregular Infantry also arrived in a -doolie, severely wounded. From 8 to 10 o'clock -<small>P.M.</small> it rained heavily. A letter, dated the 21st -June, received from Benares from Mr. Gubbins, -giving an account of the number of Europeans -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">{38}</a></span> -coming up the country, and describing the state -of Benares and Allahabad; reporting also an action -at Delhi on the 8th instant, when the British troops -captured twenty-six guns. News also received from -Agra by letter from Captain Nixon, political agent.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 29th.</i>—This morning, a brass gun, a 21-pounder -which had been accidentally discovered -yesterday by the party who had been despatched -under Major Banks, to bring in valuables from the -palace (called the "Kiser Bagh,") was brought in, -carriage and waggon all completely ready for immediate -service. Some grape shot and powder, -chiefly damaged, was also discovered in an adjacent -house.</p> - -<p>The people in charge of the palace, without -giving a thought to resistance as it was at first -expected they might do, nevertheless showed an -evident reluctance to give information where the -arms, &c. were stored. However, it came out at -last, that there were more arms within the palace, -and a party was despatched to secure them. Seven -cart-loads were brought in; chiefly flint muskets, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">{39}</a></span> -with a few spears, &c.: 4 small guns were also discovered -and brought in.</p> - -<p>A small party of volunteers, cavalry (twelve men -including officers), were sent along the Cawnpore road -to bring in information. After going some twelve -miles, they returned, having learnt that there were -some two or three regiments not far off them. Captain -Forbes, with the Seikh Cavalry, was sent off at -sunrise to patrol the Nawabgunge road. Six men -were also sent on the Sultanpore road to gain information. -Both the parties returned at sunset, -Captain Forbes bringing intelligence that the enemy -were at Chinât, nine miles off.</p> - -<p>Our defences progressed, but labour was not so -easy to procure as it had been some days before.</p> - -<p class="center gap-between">*****</p> - -<p>The enemy being in strength so near, it was -deemed advisable to withdraw the troops from cantonments, -which was quietly done at sunset; and it -being expected that the enemy would march on -Lucknow, Sir Henry Lawrence thought it advisable -to move out with a strong force, hoping to -meet and oppose them before they entered the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">{40}</a></span> -suburbs of the city. In order to prevent any notice -reaching the enemy of the intended movement, the -orders were not given out publicly till 3 o'clock on -the following morning, and at the same hour twenty -Seikhs under Lieutenant Birch were to be sent to -the Iron Bridge, in order to prevent any one -crossing over with intelligence of the movement to -the enemy.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>June 30th.</i>—Pursuant to orders, a force, comprising -150 of the 32nd from the Muchee Bhawun, 130 -of the 13th Native Infantry, forty Seikhs of the 13th -Native Infantry, the 48th, numbering fifty bayonets, -the European cavalry thirty-six strong, the Oude -Irregular Cavalry, about ninety men, four of the -guns of Kaye's battery (Europeans), two of -Alexander's guns (natives), two of Bryce's guns -(natives), and an eight-inch howitzer, found in the -town a few days ago, and which was drawn by two -elephants, assembled at the iron bridge at 5·45 -<small>A.M.</small> The advance guard was composed of twenty-five -Seikh Cavalry, and fifteen European Cavalry; -twenty Seikh Infantry, and twenty of the 32nd Regiment, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">{41}</a></span> -the whole under the command of Captain -Stevens of the 32nd Foot.</p> - -<p>The eight-inch howitzer, two guns of Alexander's -battery, two of Kaye's battery, the 13th Native Infantry, -two of Bryce's guns, and the detachment of -the 32nd Foot, formed the main body, and marched -in the above order. The rear guard was composed -of the 48th Native Infantry, under Colonel Palmer; -the whole force being under the personal command -of Sir Henry Lawrence. It was the Brigadier-General's -original intention only to proceed to the end -of the Pucka road, to the village of Kocaralee; and -on their arrival there, our force was halted, and the -Brigadier-General, with the advanced guard, proceeded -about a mile to the front, whence no one was -to be seen. The force was on the point of being -ordered to return, when it was decided to make a -further reconnaissance; and soon after the enemy -were fallen in with, in overwhelming numbers, and -the force was compelled to retire with the loss of -the eight-inch howitzer, and three 9-pounders.</p> - -<p>The enemy came boldly on, and invested us on -all sides, firing from all the houses round, which they -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">{42}</a></span> -rapidly loopholed; they also erected a hasty battery -for the eight-inch howitzer across the river, from -which they threw several well-directed shells; and -they began to collect boats for a bridge across the -river, the iron bridge being under fire from the -Redan.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 1st.</i>—The enemy threw in a very heavy -fire of musketry all day and night. Early in the -morning they advanced to attack, but were repulsed -on all sides with considerable loss from our shells, -guns, and musketry. Mr. McRae, of the Civil -Engineers Department, and Lieutenant Dashwood, -48th Native Infantry, were wounded, while assisting -in working an 18-pounder in the Post Office -Battery.</p> - -<p>During the day attempts were made to get messengers -to cross over to the Muchee Bhawun fort; -two or three men started, but as their success was -very doubtful, it was determined to work the telegraph -on the top of the Residency. This had been -previously arranged by the engineer in concert with -one on the Muchee Bhawun; it simply consisted -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">{43}</a></span> -of one post with a bar at the top, from which were -suspended in one row black stuffed bags, each -having its own pulley to work it. After having attracted -the attention of the Muchee Bhawun Garrison, -the greatest difficulty was found in working -the telegraph, from various causes; the chief of -which was the tremendous fire which the enemy -opened on the spot directly they saw our people on -the flat open roof of the Residency. It rained rifle -balls, principally from the top of the jail, and some -few of the ropes of the bags were actually cut by -them; then the pulleys went wrong, and twice the -whole machine had to be taken down, and after readjustment -put up again. After three hours' hard -work under a broiling sun and a heavy fire, the -transfer of messages was at last completed.</p> - -<p>The message was simply an order to blow up the -place and come to the Residency at 12 <small>P.M.</small>, bringing -the treasure and guns, and destroying as much as possible -all spare ammunition. The night was anxiously -looked for, as the retreat of the retiring force might -be intercepted, and the enemy had the advantage of -position. To help the movement, the Brigadier-General -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">{44}</a></span> -gave orders that shortly before 12 <small>P.M.</small>, the -different mortars and guns from our batteries should -open fire, in order to distract the attention of the -enemy. This was carried out; especially towards -the iron bridge, by which the force must pass.</p> - -<p>The movement was most successfully performed; -and so quick and noiseless was the march, that at -12·15 the head of the column was at the Lower Water -Gate. Here there was some little delay, as the force -not being so quickly expected, the gates had not been -opened. A very serious accident had nearly happened -in consequence of this, for the leading men, -finding the gates closed, shouted out "Open the -gates," and the artillerymen at the guns above, -which, loaded with grape, covered the entrance, mistook -the words for "Open with grape," and were -already at the guns, when an officer put them right. -The whole force came in without a shot being -fired.</p> - -<p>The explosion had not yet taken place; but soon, -a shake of the earth, a volume of fire, a terrific report, -and an immense mass of black smoke shooting -far up into the air, announced to Lucknow, that -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">{45}</a></span> -240 barrels of gunpowder, and 594,000 rounds of -ball and gun ammunition, had completed the destruction -of Muchee Bhawun, which we had with -so much labour provisioned and fortified.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 2nd.</i>—Arrangements were made for posting -and stationing the Muchee Bhawun force which -came in last night, and placing the field-pieces in -position; all of which Sir H. Lawrence himself -personally superintended. About 8 <small>A.M.</small> Sir Henry -returned to the Residency, and, being much fatigued, -laid down on his bed. Soon after an eight-inch shell -from the eight-inch howitzer of the enemy, entered -the room at the window, and exploding, a fragment -struck the Brigadier-General on the upper part of the -right thigh near the hip, inflicting a fearful wound. -Captain Wilson, who was standing alongside the bed -with one knee on it at the time, reading a memorandum -to Sir Henry, was knocked down by falling -bricks and slightly wounded in the back by a piece -of shell. Sir H. Lawrence's nephew, Mr. Lawrence, -had an equally narrow escape, being on another bed -close by: he was not hurt; the fourth individual in -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">{46}</a></span> -the room was a native servant, who lost one of his -feet by a fragment of the shell. It was at once pronounced -that Sir Henry Lawrence's wound was -mortal, and his sufferings were great. He immediately -sent for Major Banks, and appointed him to -succeed him as Chief-Commissioner, and appointed -Colonel Inglis to command the troops. He was then -removed to Dr. Fayrer's house, which was somewhat -less under fire. About noon this day, a round shot -came into a room on the lower story of the residency, -and shattered the thigh of Miss Palmer (daughter of -Colonel Palmer, 48th Regiment, Native Infantry) -so dreadfully, that instant amputation was obliged to -be resorted to. All the garrison were greatly grieved, -and the Natives much dispirited at our severe loss, -in that popular and very distinguished officer, Sir -Henry Lawrence.</p> - -<p>A perfect hurricane of jinjal, round shot, and -musketry all day and all night. Probably not less -than 10,000 men fired into our position from the -surrounding houses; the balls fell in showers, and -hardly any place was safe from them. Many of -the garrison were hit in places which, before the -siege, it was considered would be perfectly safe; -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">{47}</a></span> -but the enemy fired some of them from a great distance -out of the town, from the tops of high houses, -and the balls fell everywhere.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 3rd.</i>—It is difficult to chronicle the proceedings -of these few days, for everywhere confusion -reigned supreme. That unfortunate day of Chinât -precipitated everything, inasmuch as we were closely -shut up several days before anything of the kind was -anticipated. People had made no arrangements for -provisioning themselves: many indeed never dreamt -of such a necessity; and the few that had were -generally too late. Again, many servants were shut -out the first day, and all attempts to approach us -were met by a never-ceasing fusilade. But though -they could not get in, they succeeded in getting out; -and after a few days, those who could boast of servants -or attendants of any kind formed a very small and -envied minority. The servants in many instances -eased their masters of any superfluous article of -value, easy of carriage. In fact, the confusion can -be better imagined than described.</p> - -<p>The head of the Commissariat had, most unfortunately -for the garrison, received a severe wound at -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">{48}</a></span> -Chinât, which effectually deprived them of his valuable -aid. His office was all broken up; his goomastahs -and baboos were not with us, and the officers appointed -to assist him were all new hands. Besides all this, -the first stores opened were approachable only by -one of the most exposed roads, and very many of -the camp followers preferred going without food to -the chance of being shot. Some did not know -where to apply, so that for three or four days, many -went without rations; and this in no small degree -added to the number of desertions. Owing to these -desertions, the commissariat and battery bullocks -had no attendants to look after them, and went -wandering all over the place looking for food; they -tumbled into, wells, were shot down in numbers by -the enemy, and added greatly to the labour which -fell on the garrison, as fatigue parties of civilians and -officers, after being in the defences all day repelling -the enemy's attack, were often employed six and -seven hours burying cattle killed during the day, and -which from the excessive heat became offensive in a -few hours. The artillery and other horses were -everywhere to be seen loose, fighting and tearing at -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">{49}</a></span> -one another, driven mad for want of food and water; -the garrison being too busily employed in the trenches -to be able to secure them.</p> - -<p>Poor Sir H. Lawrence suffered somewhat less to-day, -but was sinking fast, and at times his mind -wandered. A tremendous fire all day, more particularly -on the Baillie Guard and Dr. Fayrer's -house where Sir Henry was lying. We thus early -in the siege learnt that all our proceedings inside -were known (through some party or other) to our -enemies. Miss Palmer died to-day, and Mr. Ommanney -of the Civil Service, was dangerously -wounded under the ear by a grape shot, while in -the Redan battery.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 4th.</i>—A tremendous fire all night; but no -effort was made to storm our position. To the great -grief of our garrison, Sir Henry Lawrence died this -morning about 8 o'clock, from the effects of his -wound. Shortly before his death, Mr. G. H. Lawrence -while standing in the front verandah of Dr. -Fayrer's house, was wounded by a musket-ball -through his right shoulder.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">{50}</a></span> -At night, there was a great uproar in the city, -which evidently underwent a thorough plundering. -Notwithstanding this, the same heavy fire was kept -up throughout the night. Every one at work trying -to throw up some shelter for himself. In the -course of the day, a 9-pounder, brought by the -insurgents and placed behind a small mosque close to -our furthest water-gate, was spiked by a private of -the 32nd and four others from Innes' post, who -shot four of the enemy. The enemy were taken by -surprise while at their dinner.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 5th.</i>—From 2 till 6 o'clock <small>A.M.</small>, heavy -rain; and extremely heavy firing all day. Several -casualties among our garrison. A soldier of the -32nd was said to have killed five men in ten shots -from the Cawnpore battery, which was subjected -to a very severe musketry fire. Continued efforts -were made to collect all the horses and secure them, -but it was impossible to do anything during the day. -The fire was so heavy, and the night was so dark, it -was difficult to get hold of the animals, who were -half mad; added to which four or five horses were -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">{51}</a></span> -killed daily, which had to be buried at night by -parties of officers, who, after being exposed to a -fearful sun in the trenches all day, were often out -in the rain till 12 and 1 o'clock in the morning, -engaged in burying horses and bullocks, in order to -prevent the dreadful stench which would otherwise -have been increased, and which had already become -almost insupportable.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 6th.</i>—The usual amount of musketry and -cannon fire all the morning: about 2 o'clock in -the afternoon it became very severe, especially -towards the Baillie Guard, which seemed the favourite -point to-day for the heaviest fire. A heavy cannonade -heard about three miles off for about half an -hour. About 4 <i>P.M.</i> the flashes of the guns were -distinctly seen. The cause was unknown. The -enemy digging trenches in all directions. The carriage -of one of our 9-pounders was disabled by the -enemy.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 7th.</i>—A heavy fire all the morning.</p> - -<p>A sortie was made by fifty of the 32nd and twenty -Sikhs, led by Captain Lawrence, Captain Mansfield, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">{52}</a></span> -Ensign Green, 13th Native Infantry, and Ensign -Studdy,—the latter led. The storming took place -at noon. The object was to examine M. Johannes' -house, and discover if the enemy were driving mines: -it was perfectly successful, and fifteen or twenty of -the enemy were killed. Our loss was one Seikh and -one 32nd slightly, and one 32nd severely wounded.</p> - -<p>This afternoon a very sad event occurred. Major -Francis, 13th Native Infantry, who had commanded -at the Muchee Bhawun, and who was in command -of the brigade mess square, was struck in the legs by -a round shot, which completely fractured both legs, -rendering amputation of one <i>immediate</i>, and great -fears were entertained for the other. He was a -brave, good officer, and much respected by all, and -one in whom Sir Henry Lawrence had much confidence. -The calm manner in which he bore his -misfortune, gained him the sympathies of all. Not a -murmur escaped him; his only anxiety being a hope -that the authorities would bear testimony that he -had performed his duty. The Rev. Mr. Polehampton, -military chaplain, was severely wounded -in the side this day, by a rifle ball, while in hospital. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">{53}</a></span> -One of the walls of the Racket Court, now used as -a bhoosa gadown, fell in, and a quantity of the bhoosa -became exposed in consequence. All spare tarpaulings -were immediately supplied to cover, it, and -officers and men worked hard for two hours, in a -deluge of rain. The rains, so long expected, seem -now fairly set in. It commenced raining heavily at -2 <small>P.M.</small>, and continued pouring down the whole -night.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 8th.</i>—All very much as usual, and very -heavy rain fell, which somewhat abated the enemy's -fire. Every effort was made to put the place -in some kind of order and to feed the bullocks.</p> - -<p>Poor Major Francis insensible and sinking: he -died at 7 <small>P.M.</small>; and was buried by a party of officers -close to Mr. Ommanney's grave. Every effort was -made to curtail the expenditure of provision, and -officers were placed on half rations every third day. -Very few servants remained, and most of the officers -had none. All were on duty thirteen and twenty -hours a day; and constant alarms took place at night, -rendering it necessary for all to stand to their arms. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">{54}</a></span> -Fears were entertained of the bhoosah stack taking -fire, as the outer wall of the Racket Court had fallen -down and left it exposed. All available officers and -men worked hard, in heavy rain, to get it covered in -again with tarpaulins. Twelve Seikhs of the 13th -Native Infantry deserted last night. All the Hindoos -and Mussulmans of the 13th, 48th, and 71st -behaved nobly.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 9th.</i>—Much rain fell during the morning. -About 4 <small>A.M.</small> the enemy made an attack on the -Baillie Guard Gate, and about 300 showed themselves, -shouting and sounding the "Advance," on the -bugle; but being received with a few rounds of grape, -and a steady fire from the 13th, they speedily disappeared. -Very much the same thing occurred soon after -at the Cawnpore battery. Continued firing all day.</p> - -<p>This was now the tenth day of the siege, and the -heavy musketry fire on every side had never for an -instant ceased night or day; and at times the fire -was terrific. Many casualties occurred, and our -want of protection at the different crossings over -from one side of the Residency compound to the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">{55}</a></span> -other, was very much felt. To-day, an excellent -soldier, and a man greatly respected, Mr. Bryson, -formerly Serjeant-major of the 16th Lancers, was -shot through the head, while endeavouring to -strengthen his post. The enemy appeared to have -had some excellent marksmen. The commissariat -began to work well, and all were well supplied. -The officers were placed, however, on half rations -every third day as a precautionary measure. -Lieutenant Dashwood of the 48th Native Infantry, -died of cholera after a few hours' illness.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 10th.</i>—This morning the enemy's fire was -continued much as usual. A sepoy of the 13th was -killed early in the morning, and later in the day -a private of the 32nd Foot and an artilleryman -were wounded. The horses of the cavalry and the -artillery, which, during the first days of the siege, -were loose and driven nearly mad from hunger and -thirst, galloping about and creating the greatest -confusion, had now been nearly all turned out, -though not without much trouble; and fifty of the -best were retained, and secured in the Seikh -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">{56}</a></span> -square. All the bullocks were now also secured, -and arrangements made for feeding and watering -them; but numbers of horses and bullocks died, and -their burial at night by working parties, in addition -to nightly fatigue parties for the purpose of burying -the dead, carrying up supplies from exposed positions, -repairing entrenchments, draining, and altering -the position of guns, in addition to attending on the -wounded, caused excessive fatigue to the thin -garrison, who had but little rest night or day: -there were few officers with more than one servant, -and one third certainly had <i>none</i>. In all duties, the -officers equally shared the labours with the men, -carrying loads and digging pits for putrid animals, -at night, in heavy rain. All exerted themselves to -the utmost, alternately exposed to a burning sun -and heavy rain. Towards the middle of the day, -the enemy fired less than they had previously done -on any occasion since the siege commenced.</p> - -<p>We received no news from any quarter, but sent -off many letters. Every exertion was made to grind -up the wheat in store by hand-mills; and this day -thirteen maunds and two seers were ground. The -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">{57}</a></span> -firing towards the afternoon to-day was very slack, -comparatively speaking. There was a comparatively -slight cannonade. An injured 9-pounder in the -Cawnpore battery was removed by us and replaced -by another.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 11th.</i>—About 1 o'clock this morning the -whole force stood to their arms, in consequence of -some information which was received, reporting that -an attack was immediately intended. The force -remained prepared till daylight, when, as usual, a -smart firing on all sides began. An artilleryman -was killed at Captain Simmons's battery. The enemy -fired several round shot, and were most persevering -in keeping us on the alert, and worrying us as -much as possible. Their fire had never yet ceased -day or night: sometimes it was heavier than at -others, but it never abated altogether on any side.</p> - -<p>At night the officers buried a horse which had -died close to the brigade square; the night was -intensely hot and close, and the labour was excessive:—the -horse having died on the Pucka -road, had to be dragged to a considerable distance -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">{58}</a></span> -before a grave could be dug. A great many of -the stores were also brought up from the church by -the assistance of a fatigue party of officers, who had -all the carts to load and unload. Two of the 32nd -Foot were killed during the night, which passed off -with a heavy fire.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 12th.</i>—The heat still excessive, and the -fatigue of the garrison was <i>very</i> great. Enemy -were most persevering, and loopholed every place -within fifty or sixty yards of our defences. They -were evidently determined to do their best to get into -the position, and had closed in on every side. We -had no intelligence from any quarter; for though we -had sent out many messengers, not one returned.</p> - -<p>About 8 o'clock in the evening the enemy made -an attempt to attack the Baillie Gate; but fell back, -on being received with shells and musketry. About -12 <small>P.M.</small> they renewed their efforts on Mr. Gubbins's -side with similar effect. They repeatedly -sounded the advance, and were frequently heard -abusing each other for not advancing. In half -an hour they retired, and for the rest of the night -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">{59}</a></span> -they contented themselves with a heavy fire on the -Cawnpore battery.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 13th.</i>—The heat was dreadful, and garrison -were greatly fatigued. The enemy reoccupied -Johannes's house, and fired smartly down the street, -killing two sepoys and wounding a conductor: -they also pushed close up under the Redan, and -greatly annoyed our outposts. Lieutenant Charlton -of the 32nd Foot was shot through the head -in the church, and very dangerously wounded. -Several shells were fired into Johannes's house, and -the walls of the house opposite to it were loopholed. -Nevertheless we could not dislodge them, and they -annoyed us greatly. The Havildar-major of the -13th was wounded through the thigh to-day.</p> - -<p>The enemy possessed many excellent marksmen, -and fired so many shots from every point that it was -exceedingly dangerous to be seen anywhere, even -for an instant: they fired several logs of wood -bound with iron, and were evidently at this period -hard up for round shot. In the evening they fired -several carcases, and succeeded once in setting the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">{60}</a></span> -Residency on fire; but it was soon extinguished. -All the European officers laboured hard to get the -supplies out of the church.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 14th.</i>—Heavy rain, thunder and lightning, -and night intensely dark. No alarms, and less firing -than usual. Heavy rain at daybreak, which cleared -off at 9 o'clock, when the enemy assembled in force. -They were apparently undecided how to act, for -they moved about in various directions, and in about -half an hour retired altogether; but they fired many -carcases, shot, and logs of wood shod with iron, -and displayed several new batteries. We threw up -a traverse near the Post-office gate, in order to save -our people from the fire from Johannes's house, -which was very sharp. Our sharp-shooters killed -four of the enemy in Johannes's house. Four Seikhs -of the 13th deserted, leaving their arms and accoutrements. -Still no information of any kind.</p> - -<p>Enemy erecting new batteries; one of which -opened about 5 <small>P.M.</small> with a 9-pounder on the gable -end of the brigade mess, occupied by the ladies and -children, and the roof of which was held by a party -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">{61}</a></span> -of officers, assisted by six men of the 32nd. At the -first discharge, a soldier of the 32nd had his thigh -fractured, rendering amputation necessary. They -fired several iron shot, which tore away the parapet; -but fortunately no one else was hurt. The night -was very dark, and the enemy fired a great deal; -more particularly on Mr. Gubbins's post, where -Lieutenant Lester was mortally wounded: towards -daylight the fire abated. Several cases of -cholera. The enemy's fire to-day destroyed a -9-pounder of ours, smashing the axle tree all to -pieces.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 15th.</i>—The enemy opened fire from their -9-pounder battery, situated about fifty yards from -the end of the brigade mess, and fired many shots; -but the garrison laid close, and up to 3 <small>P.M.</small> no -casualties occurred. Towards the middle of the -day, the enemy's fire lulled to a greater extent than -it had ever done since the siege commenced.</p> - -<p>The stores out of Anderson's house got in; the -house being entirely destroyed by round shot; -though still nobly held by the garrison. A mortar -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">{62}</a></span> -moved down to the gate of the Post-office, behind -the traverse, and several shells were thrown into -Johannes's house. All much as usual. The enemy -fired three rounds of grape into the Redan battery -during the night, but fortunately hit no one.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 16th.</i>—The heat during the night was -fearful. A slight alarm about 2 <small>A.M.</small>, but it was -soon over. The enemy fired smartly throughout -the night, and in the morning sent several round -shot through the roof of the brigade mess, and hit -the Residency. They were busy, besides, making -batteries in the garden of Johannes's house, and -opposite the 13th and the Cawnpore battery.</p> - -<p>We shelled the enemy heavily during the forenoon, -throwing them far into the town and across the -river. Lieutenant Bryce was badly wounded in the -thigh early this morning; and later in the day, -Lieutenant O'Brien of the 84th was shot through -the arm. In the evening the enemy kept up a -heavy fusilade, and we shelled them smartly; they -fired a shell which narrowly escaped falling into our -bhoosah stack. At half-past 11 o'clock, they fired a -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">{63}</a></span> -good deal on the Cawnpore battery, and made a feint -of attacking, but finding us well on the alert did not -do so. Our wheat-grinding operations continued, -and we now had hand-mills sufficiently well -worked to grind twenty maunds of atta daily. -During the night we threw up a stockade and traverse, -as a protection against the musketry which -swept the entrance of the Residency.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 17th.</i>—The heat excessive. A very heavy -fire during the night, and the garrison kept on the -alert, preventing rest and greatly fatiguing all. -Several cases of cholera and deaths of children occurred. -Twenty-two maunds of wheat were ground.</p> - -<p>To-day a bad accident occurred: Lieutenant Alexander, -of the Artillery, and Captain Barlow, 50th -Native Infantry, in firing a mortar, were most severely -burnt by the piece going off at the time of -loading. The enemy sent two shells into the Residency -which exploded, but fortunately caused no -loss of life. The stench from putrid animals was -most offensive. Painful boils about the head were -very prevalent. The wounded doing well. The -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">{64}</a></span> -prisoners and main guard removed to another place, -in order to give more room at the hospital.</p> - -<p>The enemy were busy making more batteries and -intrenchments. In the night about 12 o'clock, the -enemy made an attack on Mr. Gubbins's position, but -were received with a steady fire, and soon driven -back.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 18th.</i>—Rain began falling about 4 <small>A.M.</small> and -continued to do so till 8 <small>A.M.</small>, when the heat became -insufferable. The enemy fired several round shot, -which hit the brigade mess; and they also took up an -annoying position in one of the towers which remained -of the Ferad Buksh gate. They were, -however, speedily dislodged by a few exceedingly -well-directed shots from Lieutenant Bonham, from -an 18-pounder in the Post-office. Two children -died of cholera. In the evening the enemy fired -many round shot into the Post-office, Dr. Fayrer's, -Mr. Gubbins's and the brigade mess house: they -evidently had been reinforced in guns. At night, -Brigadier Inglis, Captain Wilson, Lieutenant Innes, -and Ensign Birch, proceeded to the gate with eight -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">{65}</a></span> -Europeans, and dragged in a body that was seen -lying near the gate, and which it was supposed -might be the body of one of our spies shot coming -in. It was safely brought in, and found to be the -corpse of a woman. Nothing was found on the -body. The enemy got into the turret on the top of -Mr. Johannes' house, and fired into the Cawnpore -battery: fortunately no casualties occurred, and the -night, which was fearfully oppressive, passed away -with a heavy fire from the enemy.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 19th.</i>—Dreadful heat: cloudy, but no rain. -Enemy fired round shot all the morning. About -half-past 9 a large shot passed through a room in the -Residency, in which the officers were at breakfast, -fracturing the leg of Lieutenant Harmer, 32nd Foot, -but providentially injuring no one else; about the -same time Lieutenant Arthur, 7th Cavalry, was shot -dead (through the heart) in the Cawnpore battery. -Our 18-pounder fired several shots, and we threw -several shells. The enemy seemed to be at work at -the Muchee Bhawun, probably looking for shot -which had been buried in the ruins.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">{66}</a></span> -About 12 o'clock to-day the enemy sounded the -advance, and threatened an attack on the Redan. -A few shells, however, soon made them give up all -idea of coming on. They got into Johannes' house -in force, and fired steadily into the cook-house of -the brigade mess.</p> - -<p>Much drunkenness prevailed amongst a few of -the garrison, who had stolen quantities of liquor, -which could not be discovered. From the commencement -of the siege, the large quantities of -liquor in the hands of the merchants caused much -anxiety, and every possible endeavour was made to -get it all into safe custody. One or two alarms -during the early part of the night. Mr. Polehampton -(wounded and in hospital) died this day from cholera.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 20th.</i>—From midnight the enemy remained -unusually quiet, and at daylight all seemed much as -usual. About half-past 8 <small>A.M.</small> it was reported that a very -large body of men could be seen marching about in -different directions within a few hundred yards of our -position. A sharp look-out was kept, and the garrison -stood to their arms. At a quarter-past 10, the -enemy sprung a mine inside the water gate, and about -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">{67}</a></span> -twenty-five yards from our inner defences: the explosion -was great, and was evidently intended to have -blown up our Redan battery, and also to act as a -signal; for immediately the dust and smote subsided, -a very heavy fire of round shot was commenced from -every gun that the enemy possessed, followed immediately -almost by a terrific fire of musketry, under -which the enemy made an attempt to storm the -Redan and Innes' house. The garrison were ready, -and every one at his post, and the attack was coolly -met and repulsed; however the enemy advanced boldly -and came up within twenty-five yards of the battery -in immense force, but were unable to withstand the -fire of our men.</p> - -<p>They made a similar attempt on Innes' house, -but were similarly repulsed by the garrison, consisting -of twelve men of the 32nd, twelve of the -13th Native Infantry, and a few uncovenanted -gentlemen, under Ensign Loughnan (who distinguished -himself greatly): very great loss was inflicted -on the enemy, who repeatedly tried to advance, -but were driven back each time with much slaughter. -Finding their efforts useless, the enemy fell back, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">{68}</a></span> -and contented themselves with throwing in a terrific -storm of musketry; from which we shielded -our men as much as possible, by keeping them laid -under our defences. Almost at the same time an -attack was made on the Cawnpore Battery, but the -enemy's standard-bearer (who advanced bravely) -being shot in the ditch of the battery, the rest fell -back. The enemy now moved towards Lieutenant -Anderson's house and Captain Germon's post, with -scaling-ladders, but were well received and fell back -with much loss. The attack was now over, though -for the rest of the day, until 4 <small>P.M.</small>, the enemy threw -in a heavy fire; when it gradually subsided: the -attack was mostly confined to the points above noted.</p> - -<p>In the afternoon they succeeded in making a lodgment -in some pucka cook-houses inside our abattis, -and began to use a crowbar, which was distinctly -heard. We made a hole through to them from above, -through which they fired, injuring no one; but on -our throwing down some hand grenades, they fled -across the road, two being shot by the officers who -were watching from above. The 13th, 71st, and -48th sepoys all behaved well, and the manner in -which the outposts were held, was beyond all praise. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">{69}</a></span> -The uncovenanted distinguished themselves greatly. -We had fortunately only four men killed, and some -twelve wounded: Captain Forbes, Lieutenant Grant, -Lieutenant Edmonstone, and Mr. Hely, were -wounded. All were under arms from eight in the -morning until eight at night, and greatly fatigued -and worn out.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 21st.</i>—All very quiet during the night. The -enemy were probably fatigued with their exertions -yesterday, for throughout the night only a few round -shot were thrown in. About 10 <small>A.M.</small> the enemy -lodged themselves in some force in the low buildings -between the Seikh courtyard and Mr. Gubbins's -post, but were driven out by a few shells, and were -fired on by the officers of the brigade mess, as they -ran across a small lane: they did not attempt to -reoccupy the position during the day. About 12 -o'clock, Major Banks was killed by a musket-shot -through the head, as he was reconnoitring from the -top of an outhouse. Mr. Gubbins's garrison was -fired on smartly during the morning, and many -round shot were sent into Mr. Gubbins's house; -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">{70}</a></span> -the garrison of which had many alarms during the -day. Painful boils very prevalent. A dreadful stench -pervaded the place in consequence of the number of -dead horses and bullocks, which, lying direct under -the fire of the enemy, we were unable to remove. -Excessive heat, and several cases of cholera. Great -fatigue; no news. Poor Dr. Brydon severely -wounded in Mr. Gubbins's house. Two Europeans -killed, and two wounded; also one of the 13th sepoys.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 22nd.</i>—Very heavy rain began to fall at 1 -<small>A.M.</small>, and continued till 8 <small>A.M.</small>, when it cleared off. -During the heavy rain, the enemy only fired slightly. -After 8 <small>A.M.</small> it became more brisk, and they fired -several round shot, but were not very active during -the forenoon. Cholera still prevalent. Our numerical -strength much diminished, as we had had -151 casualties in the 32nd Regiment alone. The -enemy moved the 8-inch howitzer from its old -position, and brought it across the river by elephants, -with a tumbril behind it. Up to this date, we had -no intelligence of any kind from any quarter, and, -indeed, we had received none since the 27th ultimo. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">{71}</a></span> -Many messengers were sent with letters, but not a -single line did we receive in reply. A letter was -sent off to Cawnpore to-day, and conveyed by a -man named Ram Singh, a Seikh subadar of the -63rd Native Infantry. The enemy steadily loop-holing -all the houses close round about, and evidently -up to some new attempt at our position.</p> - -<p>At dusk heavy rain; we got out a strong working -party, and opened our large powder magazine, and -after much labour and exertion got up 150 barrels -out of the 240 we had buried. The night was pitch -dark, and the rain fell heavily, and the work being -outside of our entrenchment, over which all the -barrels had to be handed out of mud knee deep, -rendered the work fearfully fatiguing. Many of the -officers and civilians worked for five hours at this -work. Only a few shots during the night. Boils -still very prevalent. A Seikh from the cavalry -deserted. One or two cases of cholera. Mortification -having set in, Mr. Hely's arm was amputated.</p> - -<p>The buildings outside Mr. Gubbins's position were -shelled at sunset, and after we had driven the enemy -out, we made a sortie through the wall (in which we -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">{72}</a></span> -had cut a large hole), and rushed out and examined -the houses in which the enemy had been. We -failed to find any trace of mining. We lost one -man of the 32nd, killed. Mrs. Dorin was killed -dead by a musket ball in Mr. Gubbins's house to-day.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 23rd.</i>—Very heavy rain during the night. -About 2 <small>A.M.</small> the enemy sounded the "turn out," -and at 3 the "assembly." About 1 <small>A.M.</small> a native -pensioner, who left us on the 27th to gain information, -came in, and said he had been confined by the -enemy thirteen days, but had been to Cawnpore and -left it two days ago,—that a British force with twelve -guns was there; that they had fought three times -with the Nana's troops, and had completely beaten -them, taking many guns, and that they were crossing -the river preparatory to advancing to our assistance. -He stated that he had not brought a -letter, for fear of being detained by the enemy; he -vouched to the truth of his statement, declined a -pecuniary reward, and was urgent to go back -quickly while it rained heavily and all was quiet -comparatively. He left in two hours, taking a -small note for the officer commanding the forces.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">{73}</a></span> -At daylight there were fewer of the enemy than -we had yet seen about, and those less active; though -they still fired smartly all around. Stench from -dead animals in some parts dreadful; as we had very -few servants of any kind and our fighting men -were so few and so harassed, that we were helpless -to bury them. Heavy showers both day and night, -keeping the garrison constantly drenched to the -skin, and making all most uncomfortable; particularly -as few had a change of clothes. Enemy fired -slackly during the afternoon. Cannonaded their -bridge of boats, which was broken by our 18-pounder -shot. Several cases of smallpox. Sick -and wounded much crowded. The upper story of -the hospital being under fire of round shot, the -wounded were, from the commencement of the siege, -confined to the ground floor, which with difficulty -contained their beds. At night it rained hard; and -in spite of all difficulties, we succeeded in getting -up the remaining ninety barrels of powder, and -safely deposited them in the centre of our position. -A false alarm about 12 o'clock at night, that the -enemy had got into the churchyard.</p> - -<div class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">{74}</a></div> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 24th.</i>—Morning fair and cloudy. The -enemy endeavoured to repair the bridge of boats, -but were prevented by the fire of our 18-pounder. -The heat and stench terrible, and the flies were -beyond endurance, contesting every particle of food -with us, and preventing all attempts at rest during -the day. Only a few round shot thrown, but the -enemy actively at work about forty yards from the -Redan battery, in a deep trench. Advantage taken -of the temporary lull to repair some of our defences, -which had sunk a great deal in consequence of the -heavy rain; but our men, reduced in numbers and -harassed to death day and night, were not capable -of any prolonged exertion. Every possible effort -was made to grind wheat, and from twenty-five -to thirty hand-mills were kept steadily at work, -producing an average of twenty maunds of flour -daily. The 48th Regiment Native Infantry have -had seven, and the 71st Regiment, upwards of fifty -desertions, since the commencement of the siege.</p> - -<p>About dusk, the enemy, for the first time, sent in -many shells; which, however, caused no loss, fortunately. -The commissariat department busy with -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">{75}</a></span> -the stores, getting ghee up from the Round House; -while a fatigue party of officers, under Captain -Radcliffe, threw up earth, and heightened the -traverse across the road, near the Post-office gate. -Lieutenant Hutchinson, of the Engineers, accompanied -by Lieutenant Birch, crept down in the dark, -and examined, as well as they could, the enemy's -works in the immediate vicinity of the Redan. -Night dark and cloudy.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 25th.</i>—The night passed away tolerably -quietly; the enemy firing several 18-pound shot -into the Cawnpore battery. At daylight they were -tolerably quiet, contenting themselves with musketry; -but about 8 <small>A.M.</small> they fired an 8-inch shell, which fell -through the centre of the roof of the Post-office, and -lodged on the table on which the officers of that post -breakfasted; fortunately it did not explode, and no -mischief was done. Immediately after, several shells, -apparently thrown out of mortars, were thrown in, -and continued to be so during the forenoon. One -fell in the verandah of the Post-office, and shattered -the hand of an artilleryman. Two men of the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">{76}</a></span> -32nd were shot this morning by the enemy's sharp-shooters. -Still not one word of intelligence from -any quarter, though this was now the twenty-sixth -day we had been besieged. We knew nothing; but -the most absurd rumours were afloat amongst the -natives, and indeed among many of the Europeans, -who were credulous enough to believe them. Removed -the powder out of the place in which we had -it, to a tykhana under the Begum Kotee which the -engineers considered safer than where it was first -removed to. Very slight firing on the river side, -but the enemy still very active near the Redan. -Much difference of opinion existed as to the object -of the work; the majority believed that they were -mining, while the engineers thought they were only -making a trench. Although the earlier part of the -morning had been quiet enough, towards 11 and 12 -o'clock, a very sharp fire was opened and maintained -on the side of the Post-office and Cawnpore battery.</p> - -<p>The casualties on this side alone amounted to -six, besides three others in different places, which -made the total of the day's casualties one of the -heaviest on record. Towards evening the enemy -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">{77}</a></span> -commenced shelling us. Seven shells were sent in, -but did no damage. Opinions differed whether -they were discharged from howitzers or mortars.</p> - -<p>About 11 <small>P.M.</small> a pensioner, who had been sent out -from this on the 22nd instant with a letter, effected -his entrance into Mr. Gubbins's compound, and produced -a letter which he had brought back from the -camp. He was at once brought to Brigadier Inglis -and examined. The letter proved to be one from -Lieutenant-Colonel Fraser Tytler, Quartermaster-General -with General Havelock's force. It was -determined to transmit to General Havelock by this -man a plan of our position and of the roads approaching -it, with memoranda drawn up by the -engineers.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 26th.</i>—At daybreak cloudy and sultry: enemy -tolerably quiet, but about 8 <small>A.M.</small> they threw in several -shells. From 11 to 1 very heavy rain, and a partial -cessation from firing, during which Lieutenant Lewin -of the Artillery, who was reconnoitring from the Cawnpore -battery, was shot dead by one of the enemy's -sharp-shooters. Enemy recommenced shelling from -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">{78}</a></span> -the city side: few of them to be seen, all being under -cover. Supposed to be mining at the Cawnpore battery. -A countermine commenced by us, out of the -house next the battery; but having no workmen except -our harassed soldiers, the work was slow; however, -as the engineers seemed to entertain little or no -doubt but that the enemy were mining, it was necessary -to endeavour to counteract them. Little musketry -fire during the afternoon; the enemy throwing -in heavy shot, fired at a great elevation (apparently -out of howitzer). One or two cases of cholera. -Garrison in good spirits at the prospect of early relief.</p> - -<p>A letter and plan of our position forwarded at night -by a messenger to the officer commanding the relieving -force: 5000 rupees promised the messenger if he -brought a reply. Suddenly at 10 <small>P.M.</small> the enemy -commenced a heavy fire along the whole of the city -front of our position; but nothing came of it, as after -a few shells had been thrown amongst them, their -fire gradually subsided, and all became tolerably quiet -again. During this heavy firing, a sad accident -occurred; Lieutenant Shepherd of the 7th Cavalry -being shot dead in the brigade square, by a shot fired -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">{79}</a></span> -from the top of the brigade mess by one of our -garrison. This was the only casualty of the night.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 27th.</i>—From midnight all quiet, save the -usual musketry fire. Cloudy, sultry weather. About -7 <small>A.M.</small> two planks were observed laid across the road -in front of Johannes' house. They were not seen the -night before, and being carefully watched, a man's -hand was seen coming up from below; and soon after -some eight feet of earth fell in, showing the direction -of a mine of the enemy right across the road, and -pointing direct for our stockade, within six feet of -which it had apparently reached. This was a most -fortunate discovery for us: they had evidently kept -this mine too near the surface, and the heavy rain had -broken it in. Our mine continued to be pushed on as -rapidly as possible, and our sharp-shooters from the -top of the brigade mess kept up so hot a fire on the -enemy's sap from above, that they could make no attempt -to repair the mischief. Much fever prevalent, -consequent on being constantly wet day and night.</p> - -<p>Towards the afternoon, the enemy again covered -their trench with boards; but we got a mortar -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">{80}</a></span> -under our wall, and after one or two failures, a shell -fell right into the hole and blew all the planks away, -leaving the remains of the trench exposed to view, -giving us no further anxiety. Fine weather in the -afternoon. Enemy heard mining towards the brigadier -mess; on which a shaft was commenced by the officers, -and the enemy ceased working. Late in the evening, -the enemy were very distinctly heard mining towards -the Seikh lines; on which the Seikhs, under Lieutenant -Hardinge, commenced and sunk an eight feet -shaft; hearing us, the enemy seemed to stop working. -All quiet, with the exception of the usual -amount of firing. Fever, diarrhœa, dysentery, and -painful boils, from constant wet and exposure, still -prevalent amongst the garrison. Mrs. Grant (wife -of Lieutenant Grant) died of cholera. Captain -Boileau, 7th Cavalry, was wounded to-day.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 28th.</i>—Much shouting and bugling amongst -the enemy during the early part of the morning: -heavy rain at daylight. Made repairs to the Redan -battery, also made a small field work for a 9-pounder. -Sickness much increased, and for many -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">{81}</a></span> -days past only one engineer officer was available for -duty: hard work, privation, and exposure day and -night to wet and heat, few could long stand against. -We had no further news of our coming friends, but -trusted that to-day they would reach Bunnee.</p> - -<p>The enemy threw in several shells, also a number -of stink-pots, which were a very curious composition -of large pieces of our exploded iron shell sewn up in -canvas, and surrounded by flax and resin, with dry -powder in the centre: these, from the commencement -of the siege, had been thrown in daily from a howitzer; -they made a fearful hissing noise and great -stench, and finally exploded. They were not very -dangerous, unless they exploded <i>very</i> close to a -person. We also had a few rockets thrown in, but -not many; and lately a number of shrapnel shells, -fired apparently from a howitzer with a very great -elevation. The enemy's miners could now be distinctly -heard working close to the Seikh Square sap.</p> - -<p>The room in the Residency containing the jewellery -and valuables belonging to the late King of Oude, was -broken into last night by some of the garrison, and -most of them stolen. Enemy tolerably quiet in the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">{82}</a></span> -afternoon. About 5 <small>P.M.</small> our sap in the Seikh Square, -which had been going on as fast as we could push it -in the direction of the enemy's, met theirs, which they -continued to work to the last moment. On our crowbar, -however, going through into their gallery, they -instantly fled out of it, and commenced to fill in their -shaft. We immediately made use of their gallery, -and blew the whole up with 100 lbs. of powder, -which brought down all the adjacent houses, &c. -After this the enemy tolerably quiet. Good progress -made in our Cawnpore sap.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 29th.</i>—A fine moonlight night. Enemy -fired many round shot about daylight, and also -musketry from the houses across the road; they -also threw in many carcases, which nearly all fell in -the vicinity of the Cawnpore battery. No intelligence. -All were anxious for the relieving force, -which we thought could not be far off. Our -Cawnpore sap loaded with 200lbs. of powder, ready -to explode whenever it might be thought most -advisable. Colonel Halford, 71st Regiment Native -Infantry, who had been long ill, died this morning.</p> - -<p>A few convalescents joined the ranks, giving more -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">{83}</a></span> -room in the hospital, which was greatly overcrowded -in consequence of all the patients being obliged to -be kept on the ground floor, as also the state -prisoners and their servants; the round shot passing -so frequently through the upper story as to make -it impossible to make use of it. Rumour stated -that the enemy had gone out in force to meet our -coming army, and had left two or three regiments -of infantry, and a body of military police, to keep -us in; but it was most difficult to tell what force -we had opposed to us, as the enemy seldom or never -showed in any number, but kept in the houses under -cover, occasionally yelling, bugling, and throwing in -a heavy fire, then subsiding into the usual steady -fire which went on night and day.</p> - -<p>Firing of cannon heard in the direction of Cawnpore. -We hoped it was our friends. All anxious, but -all conjecture. Enemy recommenced mining towards -our mine in the Cawnpore battery. About 6 <small>P.M.</small>, -a heavy firing was heard for about five minutes in -the road from Cawnpore, and in about half an hour, -several guns were heard in the direction of cantonments; -this made us think it was a salute fired by -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">{84}</a></span> -the enemy for some reason or other; probably -to reassure themselves. However, all is conjecture; -but it threw our garrison into a great state of -excitement, and many (indeed most) stoutly maintained -it was our force. About 300 or 400 sepoys -were seen at the same time running across the -iron bridge towards cantonments in great haste. -We fired two shots at them with an 18-pounder.</p> - -<p>The excitement gradually cooled down; the enemy -keeping up their usual fire. Another mine was -discovered this evening, by a portion of it falling in: -it was running in the direction of Sago's house. -Lieutenant Grant of the Bombay army, whose wife -and child died a few days ago of cholera, died in -hospital this night, from the effects of his wound: -his right hand had been blown off by a hand-grenade. -A fine moonlight night.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 30th.</i>—From 2 <small>A.M.</small> till daylight heavy -rain. Enemy got in close under the wall of the -Seikh lines, and began some kind of operations -against it; they were so close that no musket -could be fired, being under a projecting piece of the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">{85}</a></span> -wall; they were, however, dislodged by a few -pistol shots, and ran off. No further incident occurred -during the night, beyond that there was the -usual amount of firing into our position, and bugling -on the part of the enemy. After daylight enemy -fired slackly. Terrible stench in many parts of -the garrison from half-buried corpses and animals, -which we had no time or means to bury properly. -Several cases of fever, cholera, and smallpox.</p> - -<p>About 9 <small>A.M.</small> a number of sepoys and matchlockmen -were seen coming along the Cawnpore road, -and for about an hour and a half a continuous stream -of men came in in detached parties of twenty and -thirty: some sepoys were among them. Slack -firing during the forenoon, only a few shells and -musketry. In the afternoon, heavy rain for an -hour. Unable to discover what the enemy were -about. Considerable progress made in a sap, which -we had sunk in an outhouse close to the corner of -the brigade mess-house, where most of the children -and ladies were located. At first the enemy were -heard mining towards us, but since yesterday we -had not heard them. We continued, however, to -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">{86}</a></span> -steadily push our sap, hoping either to come across -that of the enemy or succeed in getting under -Johannes' house; from which they fired all day long -on any one who showed himself. Yesterday an -artillery sergeant, who incautiously crossed the -road commanded from Johannes' house, was shot -through both legs. The enemy had many riflemen, -and some of them were most expert shots, firing -through our loopholes.</p> - -<p>About 8 <small>P.M.</small>, as Captain Wilson, Lieutenant -Barwell, Lieutenant James, and Mr. Lawrence were -sitting on the chubootra of the Begum Kotee, a shell -came in and exploded as it struck the parapet of -the wall under which they sat, bringing it down. -Lieutenant James, who was lying wounded on his -bed, had a most wonderful escape. A large piece -of masonry, weighing upwards of a hundred weight, -fell on his bed, breaking it to pieces, and bringing -him down on the ground; but he was uninjured. -Mr. Lawrence received a severe contusion on the -back and head from falling masonry; and this was -the extent of the damage. Mrs. Clarke, wife of -Lieutenant Clarke of the 21st Native Infantry, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">{87}</a></span> -died this evening: bad food, privation, confinement, -and smells of all kinds, worked their effects.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>July 31st.</i>—A fine night, and the usual firing. -At daylight, the enemy commenced firing heavily -on the Church and Residency, from a 24-pounder -planted in the neighbourhood of the iron bridge. -They also threw in many shells, and fired their guns -from the Clock Tower Gate. Our 18-pounders and -mortars were employed until 10 <small>A.M.</small> in silencing the -enemy's fire. Our sap from the brigade mess made -good progress across the road, towards the outhouses -occupied by the enemy. Several children have lately -died: privation the chief cause. We had received -no information whatever since the 26th instant, the -date on which we received the only letter we had -yet received since the 27th of June. Our reinforcements -were due to-day, and their non-arrival -led us to suppose that the enemy had succeeded in -breaking down the bridge at Bunnee, and arresting -the progress of our friends. The flies dreadful,—preventing -all rest during the day, and disputing -our food with us. The enemy continued to throw -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">{88}</a></span> -in shells all the forenoon, till 2 <small>P.M.</small> when we had a -heavy shower: after that, the firing continued as -before. In the evening we repaired our defences as -far as we could, as, owing to the heavy rain, the earth -had settled very considerably. A fine moonlight -night, and all quiet, save the usual amount of round -shot and musketry.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 1st.</i>—Still no intelligence of any kind, -which caused much anxiety, more particularly as -some of our supplies for natives were likely to be -at an end in twenty days' time. Weather very hot -and sultry; small painful boils, covering nearly the -whole body, very prevalent. Many deaths among -the children, and sickness on the increase. Great -inconvenience felt in the hospital for want of space; -the sick and wounded sadly crowded, and the -building very badly ventilated, as the lower story -was hardly safe from shots. Enemy threw in many -shells this morning, and fired unusually sharp with -their heavy guns, till about 10 <small>A.M.</small>, keeping our -guns and mortars fully employed in keeping down -their fire. Heat very great; fire gradually slackened -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">{89}</a></span> -off towards noon, but recommenced sharply -again about 5 <small>P.M.</small> Many round shot, shell, and -carcases came in. One of the latter fell into the -courtyard of the Begum Kotee, within a few feet -of the table at which the staff and commissariat officers -were at dinner; but no one was hurt. Several -cases of cholera occurred to-day. Efforts made to improve -and strengthen our defences during the moonlight -nights; but the engineer officers were all sick, -and little was done. Our sap in the brigade mess was -pushed steadily on, and had attained thirty-eight -feet from the shaft this evening.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 2nd.</i>—Fine moonlight night. Sharp -firing during some portion of it. Many rockets -were thrown in early in the morning. Mr. Hely of -the 7th Cavalry died this day of the wound he -received on the 20th ult. An artillery sergeant was -mortally wounded this morning in the Redan. -Enemy fired a salute of some forty guns -about 11 <small>A.M.</small> A Seikh sowar of the 3rd Irregular -Cavalry deserted to the enemy this morning. The -Bhoosa stack fell down to-day, burying ten or -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">{90}</a></span> -twelve bullocks; which, after much labour, were -got out. Seven of them were unfortunately dead; -thus entailing more labour, as at night we had to -bury them: no slight task in such weather, with -our jaded and harassed garrison. Towards the -evening a heavy cannonade was kept up on both -sides. About 5·30 <small>P.M.</small> an eight-inch shell from -the enemy struck the Begum Kotee, and, breaking -right through the outside wall, exploded in the -room in which Lieutenant James of the Commissariat -and Mr. Lawrence of the Civil Service were -lying on their beds wounded, with one or two servants -in the room; providentially all escaped, though -the room was set on fire. Heavy firing till midnight.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 3rd.</i>—Smart firing till daylight. Every -possible effort was made to strengthen our position -and raise the height of our defences. A soldier of -the 32nd Foot was shot dead this morning in the -centre room of the hospital; showing how little -safety anywhere existed against the enemy's fire.</p> - -<p>A new loophole on the top of the brigade mess, -which it was discovered commanded a distant and -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">{91}</a></span> -much frequented lane in the city, was made use of -by Lieutenant Sewell, armed with his Enfield rifle; -the distance being not above 750 yards, the conical -bullets most effectually cleared the lanes of the -sepoys, as they lounged up it, and quickened the -paces of the citizens as they crossed and recrossed.</p> - -<p>Enemy unusually slack in firing after dark till -about 10 <small>P.M.</small>, when they recommenced firing, and -continued it during the night. The engineers -continued their endeavours to strengthen our -position, by heightening the abattis near the Redan. -A fine moonlight night. Several cannon shots -were heard in the distance, but no intelligence of -any kind reached us.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 4th.</i>—The enemy fired a great number of -rounds from their guns at intervals during the -night. Musketry fire was slack this morning. No -news of any kind. Could get no messengers to go -out with a letter, though it was made so small that -it went into half a quill; but it had been spread -abroad that the enemy would kill any one leaving -the garrison, and this deterred any one from endeavouring -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">{92}</a></span> -to carry a letter to our friends, no matter -how great the reward might be that was held out.</p> - -<p>Many officers and men are laid up with fever and -dysentery. Our stored attah was nearly expended, -and in a few days' time we should have to commence -that which we had ground, which now amounted to -about 500 maunds. At 2 <small>P.M.</small> the firing of all -kinds was very slack; indeed, for long intervals, not -a shot was to be heard. The officers, also, who -relieve one another as look-outs on the top of the -Residency, reported that a smaller number of men -than usual were to be seen on the move. An -Eurasian attached to the party working Dr. -Fayrer's guns, was shot dead while working the -18-pounder guns this day, by a man said to be -not sixty yards off. Several convalescents have -been moved from the hospital to other quarters, and -with happy results both as regards themselves and -those left in the hospital, which greatly wanted a -free circulation of air. Towards dusk many shells -came in, and one exploded in the second brigade -square; fortunately, it was seen coming, and no -harm ensued. The powder magazine was made as -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">{93}</a></span> -secure as possible, by putting heavy beams across -the roof, and covering them with two feet of -earth. A fine night, but very much firing till midnight.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 5th.</i>—Sent off another letter to the officer -commanding the relieving force, of which we could -gain no intelligence; though we conjecture the advance -of our force had been arrested by the enemy -at the bridge of Bunnee. Heavy showers during -the day. Musket-proof shutters were completed -for the embrasure of the 18-pounders to the left of -the hospital. Many of the convalescent patients removed -to the Thug Gaol Barracks, which gave them -a slight change, and created more room in the hospital. -Efforts made to clear some of the drains, and -reduce the stench which pervades the garrison. At -sunset the enemy were seen at a distance in some -force, with drums and fifes playing, marching from -the direction of the river towards the Cawnpore -road. Soon after, they threw many shells into us, -and continued to do so for some time. About 8 <small>P.M.</small> -all became tolerably quiet.</p> - -<div class="pagenum"><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">{94}</a></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 6th.</i>—The enemy fired several shots, from -a 24-pounder, at the Residency, one of which unfortunately -fractured the arm of Ensign Studdy of -the 32nd Foot, as he sat down to breakfast; rendering -amputation necessary. This gun caused us -great annoyance, from its calibre, and firing so frequently -as it did into the Residency. Unfortunately -its distance from our position, and its situation in -the midst of buildings, rendered it impossible to -take it by the bayonet; neither could our gunners -see it, so that to shell it was our only resource.</p> - -<p>Less firing than usual. The enemy again ascended -into the upper story of Johannes' house, and from -thence caused much annoyance to the position of the -brigade mess, where the cooking went on. They succeeded -in killing a sweeper. Terrible heat; Brigadier -Inglis suffered from its effects. Various rumours -afloat in the garrison; some of which seemed to have -originated either with a servant of Mr. Gubbins, or -some member of his post. The Residency is at last -to be entirely vacated by the officers of the 32nd -and others now resident there. Last night was -spent in earthing in the magazine, as several shots -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">{95}</a></span> -had lately gone unpleasantly near, A carcase came -into the Begum Kotee in the afternoon, into the -room in which Lieutenant James (wounded), Mr. -Lawrence (wounded), and Ensign Keir (sick), were -lying; it set some of the things in the room on fire, -but was speedily extinguished without injury to any -one. Much bugling, drumming, and firing towards -evening. After dark the enemy fired heavily from -their guns in front of the Residency. Our engineers -and a working party were busy all this night at -Innes' house, making a battery for an 18-pounder, to -be moved down in order to endeavour to silence a -24-pounder of the enemy's, which had been doing -much mischief by firing through the church and -Residency. About 9 <small>P.M.</small> a sepoy of the 1st Oude -Irregular Infantry, who took out a letter to the -officer commanding the relieving force, came in; -he stated that he had delivered it, and that he had -received a letter in reply which he had lost in -coming in to us. Half-an-hour later, another man, -a sepoy of the 48th, who had been sent into the -town two days previously to try and gain intelligence, -returned, and stated he had been confined -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">{96}</a></span> -several days by the enemy; and he in a great -measure corroborated the statement of the sepoy of -the 1st Oude Irregular Infantry: this loss of the -letter was a great mortification to us, as it might -have explained what was at this time inexplicable—the -retirement towards Cawnpore of General Havelock's -force, after apparently the greatest success on -this side the Ganges.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 7th.</i>—We worked hard at our new battery -at Innes' house, and got it ready; an 18-pounder -was taken down and in position by daylight, whence -it commenced firing, and soon silenced the enemy's -guns. The enemy, however, fired heavily from some -others, and about 8 <small>A.M.</small> a shell burst close to the -Residency and mortally wounded two of the best -men in the 32nd, the one a colour-sergeant and the -other an orderly-room clerk. Captain Waterman -of the 13th was wounded through the hand by a -musket ball at Innes' post this morning. Several -cases of cholera. Every effort made to increase the -number of men to grind wheat for the force. Exceedingly -heavy rain during the middle of the day. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_97" id="Page_97">{97}</a></span> -The hose into our mine near Johannes's house got -damped, and required all the tamping to be removed. -Our position greatly flooded, which rendered it most -wretched for those who had to be in trenches night -and day. The artillery canteen closed, in consequence -of the gross irregularities which prevailed, -and its contents removed to the canteen of the 32nd -Regiment, from which the artillery were in future -supplied. The heavy rain seemed to make the stench -which pervaded the place worse, and this evening it -was fearful. Several cases of cholera occurred to-day. -The enemy's cannon knocked down a portion -of the verandah of the Residency, also the verandah -of Delprat's house at the Cawnpore battery: a -few shells came in in the evening.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 8th.</i>—A tolerably quiet night. Dr. -McDonnell, of the 41st Native Infantry, died early -this morning of cholera. A soldier of the 32nd was -shot, and a native woman-servant of Mrs. Banks had -her thigh broken by musketry at Mr. Gubbins's post -this forenoon.</p> - -<p>A heavy smoke was distinctly seen in the far -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98">{98}</a></span> -distance in the direction of the Cawnpore road. -Many reports were made of heavy firing being -heard in the same direction: a Sikh attached to -the cavalry brought repeated accounts of it, but no -European, save Captains Forbes and Hawes, of Mr. -Gubbins's post, could say he heard it. The natives -(some of them) very anxious about the arrival of the -reinforcements, of whom we could hear nothing.</p> - -<p>In the afternoon, a regiment of infantry, about -600 strong, with drums beating, marching in -quarter distance column with colours, was seen -marching through the city, in the direction of the -Cawnpore road.</p> - -<p>Seven hundred yards from the brigade-mess was -a street in the city which was commanded by -Lieutenant Sewell's double Enfield rifle, and on -which spot he had killed several sepoys and others: -this was this afternoon barricaded right across, which -was a nuisance, as it entirely obstructed our view of -what passed along. Lieutenant Bryce of the artillery, -who had been severely wounded, died of cholera.</p> - -<p>No intelligence came in this evening, and much -anxiety as to our reinforcements was evinced by -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99">{99}</a></span> -some of our native troops and servants. Rice -was served out to most of the natives in lieu of -flour, and wheat to the native camp-followers, in -order to husband our stock of flour. All the tea -and coffee for the Europeans expended; the last -issue being made yesterday. This was the first day -on which we had no casualty.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 9th.</i>—The heat excessive, and children -sank rapidly under the effects of want of good air, -food and exercise: several deaths occurred among -them, both yesterday and to-day. The enemy fired -heavily in the morning, but providentially, no one -was hurt. Ensign Studdy, who had had his arm -amputated from the effects of a 24-pounder shot, -died this morning. The enemy were thought to -have recommenced mining near the Redan battery.</p> - -<p>Divine service was performed in the brigade mess-house -to all officers not on duty. No signs or -symptoms of our reinforcements. In the middle of -the day Ensign Loughnan of the 13th (on duty at -Innes' house) went out with a few men and quietly -spiked a small gun of the enemy's, and returned -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_100" id="Page_100">{100}</a></span> -without any loss. A very heavy shower in the -evening, which filled our trenches. One or two -doolies were seen going across the Goomtee, accompanied -by sepoys. About 9 <small>P.M.</small> a Seikh sowar -of the 3rd Oude Irregular Cavalry came in by the -Seikh battery. His having been permitted to pass -the enemy's outposts induced a belief that he had -come in to try and make the other Seikhs desert; -consequently he was placed under British bayonets, -and not allowed to converse with any one.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 10th.</i>—About 10 <small>A.M.</small> a great number of -sepoys, probably 1600, were seen, with two guns, -marching up our left flank and across the Cawnpore -road, behind their trenches. Very shortly after, a large -force was seen to be approaching the bridge of boats -from cantonments; and, in consequence, all were -quickly at their posts. About half an hour after, -the enemy fired a shell into the Begum Kotee, -which appeared to be a signal; for the instant after, -a mine was sprung opposite to Johannes's house, -which blew in a great portion of the house occupied -by Mr. Schilling and the Martiniere boys, and entirely -destroyed our pallisades and defences for the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_101" id="Page_101">{101}</a></span> -space of sixty feet. One of the heaviest timbers -was pitched right on the top of the brigade mess-house, -among the officers and men of the 32nd, who -occupied the post. As soon as the smoke blew -away, the enemy pushed up, under a tremendous -musketry fire, right into Johannes's house and -garden, and into all the buildings close round the -Cawnpore battery; but all their efforts to enter -our position were met with such a steady fire, that -they fell back, and kept up an incessant fire of -musketry on our defences. About thirty of them, -however, lodged themselves in the ditch of the -Cawnpore battery, within a few feet of our guns. -A hand grenade was rolled over right into the -centre of them, on which they bolted and ran back, -exposed to a sharp fusillade from our people on the -top of the brigade-mess.</p> - -<p>While this was going on, a very sharp attack -was made on Mrs. Sago's house, where the enemy -blew up a mine, which destroyed some of the -outhouses and blew two soldiers out into the -road, outside our defences: extraordinary to relate, -they fell unhurt, and got safely back to their -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_102" id="Page_102">{102}</a></span> -posts. The enemy then made their attack, but -were soon driven back with considerable loss, and -confined themselves to keeping up a tremendous -storm of round shot and musketry on our position, -which after two hours, in a great measure, subsided. -About 5 <small>P.M.</small>, they made a sudden rush on Captain -Saunders's post. One of the enemy even seized a -bayonet of one of the 84th Foot, and tried to wrench -it off through a loophole, but was instantly shot; -after a smart fusillade, which lasted for about 25 minutes, -they withdrew, and gradually the fire ceased.</p> - -<p>About 9 <small>P.M.</small> a third attack was made, and -was similarly repulsed; nor were these efforts confined -to the places above noted. At Innes' house, -Anderson's, and Mr. Gubbins's post, large bodies of -men came forward, bringing up large scaling-ladders, -several of which they abandoned. During the -day, we lost three Europeans and two sepoys killed, -and about twice that number wounded. Our garrison -were under arms the entire day, the heat was -excessive, and all were greatly exhausted; nevertheless, -every officer and man remained under arms -all night: after 10 o'clock all became tolerably -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_103" id="Page_103">{103}</a></span> -quiet. Captain Power, of the 32nd, who had been -wounded early in the siege, died in hospital to-day, -and Major Anderson, chief engineer, was reported -very dangerously ill. The enemy must have had -a considerable loss this day, as a great number of -them were seen to fall; and we threw 150 shells, besides -great quantities of round shot and grape, from -which also many casualties must have occurred.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 11th.</i>—A slight alarm about 2 <small>A.M.</small>, after -which all subsided into the usual routine firing. A -very fine morning, very little to be seen of the -enemy, who however were not idle, as they were -to-day busily employed constructing earthworks and -trenches in various directions close to our position. -Early in the morning the enemy fired many round -shot, some of which struck the Residency, already -much shattered; and about noon a very distressing -accident took place. There was a high wind, and it -brought down a great portion of the left wing, on -the ground floor of which, in a room, six men of the -32nd were asleep. They were completely buried in -the ruins. Two were got out alive after very great -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_104" id="Page_104">{104}</a></span> -exertions, but the remaining four were left under -the ruins. Immediate arrangements made for the removal -of the few European women and children who -still occupied one of the rooms on the ground floor.</p> - -<p>Major Anderson, chief engineer, died during the -afternoon. He had been ailing before the siege, -but on the commencement rallied somewhat, owing -to the excitement and novelty of the position. -Latterly he fell off again, and to-day expired; his -death no doubt hastened by the impossibility of any -change of air or diet. The look-out officers yesterday -reported having seen some few doolies going -across the river with sepoys after the day of attack, -and to-day some dead and wounded were also seen -being conveyed away. The enemy were busy close -under Mr. Gubbins's ramparts, whence they had -once before been expelled by some hand grenades. -At the corner of the Seikh square also, from across -the road, they amused themselves by pushing out -over the wall bamboos with lighted straw at the -end; but with what object was not very clear: in -the meanwhile not one of them showed themselves, -but kept well under cover. Smart firing in the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_105" id="Page_105">{105}</a></span> -evening. The corpse of a soldier of the 32nd was -extricated from the ruins of the Residency; three -others still remained.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 12th.</i>—A fine moonlight night. About 3·30 -<small>A.M.</small> the enemy suddenly commenced a very heavy -fire of round shot and musketry, which lasted for -three-quarters of an hour. We kept close, and hardly -fired a shot, beyond throwing a few shells. At day -light, they commenced a very heavy cannonade -and musketry fire on the Cawnpore battery; this -gradually became so sharp, that it was impossible -to work our guns, or even remain in the battery; -and we were obliged to withdraw every one but the -sentry, as the enemy's round shot had destroyed our -musketry shutters, and completely swept the battery: -later in the day, our sentry, the only man in -the battery, was killed by a round shot. This portion -of our position caused us great anxiety, as we -were quite unable to hold it as it should be held; -we would not withdraw our guns, for fear of giving -the enemy confidence. The enemy were busily -employed to-day also in digging close to Sago's -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_106" id="Page_106">{106}</a></span> -house. In order to see what they were about, at -12 o'clock a sortie was made with twelve Europeans -of the 32nd Foot under Lieutenant Clery, accompanied -by Lieutenant Hutchinson of the Engineers. -The enemy were, however, well on the alert, and -had a large covering party over their work, and as -our men appeared, they threw in such a heavy fire -that our people were compelled to retire; this -brought on a very great fire from all that side of the -enemy's attack, and they kept up a smart fire of -round shot and musketry for fully an hour, when it -gradually subsided. Finding we were unequal to -meet the enemy by a sortie, we determined to push -on our mine as fast as possible, and continue working -all day and night, hoping to blow them up.</p> - -<p>In the evening we had as strong working parties -of Europeans as we could afford, and removed from -the Cawnpore battery, a 9-pounder which had been -disabled by a round shot of the enemy. We also -dug a trench and threw up earth on the top of -our parapets, and endeavoured to our utmost to -repair the damage the enemy had done, and make -the place as strong as possible. Several shells came -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_107" id="Page_107">{107}</a></span> -in after dusk. The heat throughout the day was -excessive, and there were several fatal cases of -cholera, and also several deaths among the children, -who were all greatly emaciated.</p> - -<p>In the evening, a letter to General Havelock, -rolled up and put inside a quill, was despatched by the -hands of an old woman; she left our position about -9 <small>P.M.</small>, and we hoped, would be permitted to pass -the enemy's sentries without being stopped. During -the past forty-five days, we had sent by different -hands, in a similar manner, some twenty letters, to -only one of which was any reply received. The -garrison, very greatly harassed and fatigued from -continued exertion night and day and want of rest.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 13th.</i>—An excessively hot night. During -the early part of the morning the enemy threw in a -very heavy fire, which lasted for nearly half an hour, -when all subsided into the usual routine firing.</p> - -<p>Our mine near Sago's house was pushed on all -night with the greatest possible speed. Every possible -means was adopted by the enemy to prevent our -miners working, and as only a wall and a few feet -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_108" id="Page_108">{108}</a></span> -of ground divided the two parties, they resorted to -squibs, rockets, brickbats, and lights at the end of -bamboos, to annoy our workmen. As the latter were -thrust forward with the hope of setting fire to our -tiled outhouses, the ends were successively cut -off by us. Several reports alive in the garrison, but -on what grounds, or how stated, no one could say. -However, as these were all more or less favourable -to us, and encouraging to the natives, if credited, no -harm was done.</p> - -<p>Shortly before 10 <small>A.M.</small> the engineers reported our -countermine as ready; the neighbouring outposts and -garrisons were duly warned, and the mine fired, with -the happiest results: the brick house in which the -enemy was, and from which they had started their mine, -settled down, burying all inside; the earth was thrown -up to a considerable height, and only one outhouse -of our own, of no consequence, destroyed. Up to -the last moment, the people inside the enemy's mine -were hard at work, and after the explosion the -groans of the sufferers were plainly audible. In the -course of the day, some few of the enemy were shot -from Sago's post. In the afternoon, after several -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_109" id="Page_109">{109}</a></span> -shells had been thrown in to drive as many out as -possible, it was determined to go out and see what -the enemy were doing near Mr. Gubbins's post. A -hole being cut in the wall out of our defences, a -party of Europeans, with the engineer officers, went -out and found a deep trench dug through the outhouses -for some distance towards our position. The -work was not deemed of any great importance, and -after it had been well examined, the party withdrew.</p> - -<p>Many cases of fever to-day, and four deaths in -hospital among the Europeans. Enemy very quiet -during the evening; unusually so, till about 10 <small>P.M.</small>, -when they threw an 8-inch shell into our position. -This appeared to be a signal; for instantly they -commenced a tremendous fire with round shot and -musketry, which lasted half an hour, and completely -lit up the darkness around. They were busy mining -us in several places, and their workmen could be -distinctly heard at work. Our engineers were hard -at work, trying with the best means at their disposal -to frustrate their efforts; but our people were so -harassed that they were not capable of any prolonged -exertion. A shaft, however, for a mine was -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_110" id="Page_110">{110}</a></span> -made in Mr. Anderson's house, and sunk to the -extent of eight feet, in view to running a sap to meet -the enemy. Heat very great, and mosquitoes, bugs, -and fleas most troublesome.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 14th.</i>—Enemy unusually quiet all the -morning; more so than they had yet been. Our -people were all busy preparing new sandbags, as -the old ones were so rotten, from long exposure to -the rain, that they would bear no removal: also in -countermining the enemy from out of a corner of -Anderson's house. A Mater came in this morning, -but could give no information. Provision for the -cattle growing short; and every means adopted to -reduce the daily consumption. The various look-outs -reported no movement of the enemy: in a word, it -was the quietest day we had yet had. About 4 <small>P.M.</small> -they began a more brisk fire. Many cases of fever -and several deaths amongst the children. Many -rumours abroad regarding our relieving force; but all -was conjecture. Most of our outpost houses were -now so riddled with round shot, that it was a wonder -how any of them stood up at all: indeed most of -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_111" id="Page_111">{111}</a></span> -them were in ruins, and at Mr. Anderson's house -part of the garrison had been twice pulled out of the -ruins which had suddenly fallen on them; nevertheless, -these posts, in spite of many casualties, were -held with the same courage and devotion as was displayed -the first day of the siege. At dusk we had -a severe thunderstorm, with exceedingly heavy rain, -which lasted for several hours, falling in a complete -deluge; the night was exceedingly dark, with extremely -vivid lightning. Captain Fulton and Lieutenant -Hutchinson of the Engineers went down and -examined all the outhouses in Dr. Fayrer's premises, -to see if any mining operations could be heard. -They afterwards went down to the Buxee Khana, and -examined the wall in front to some distance.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 15th.</i>—Heavy rain till about 3 <small>A.M.</small>, when -it cleared away, and the morning was beautifully -clear and fine. The enemy fired salvos of two and -three 18-pounders at once into the Cawnpore battery, -and brought down all the outer wall of -the house alongside it, which we used as a guardroom; -making the place so hot we were obliged to -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_112" id="Page_112">{112}</a></span> -retire our men from it during the heaviest part of -the cannonade. Lieutenant Bonham received a -severe contusion, from bricks knocked out on him -by an 18-pound shot; and later in the day the sentry -left in the front part of the battery was killed by a -round shot. Lieutenant James Alexander was shot -through the arm while laying an 18-pounder in the -Hospital battery. Several servants and six bheesties -of the 32nd deserted last night. At night, advantage -taken of the dark to repair as much as possible -the damage done to-day to the Cawnpore battery. -About 9 <small>P.M.</small> a pensioner named Ungud, who had -been sent out with a letter, returned, bringing a -letter from Cawnpore. This was the first night -since the siege began that no burial took place.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 16th.</i>—Great progress made in our mine -out of Lieutenant Anderson's house, which had -now reached a distance of twenty-five feet from the -shaft. Also much done in the way of making the -Cawnpore battery more secure. Brigadier Inglis -slept in it himself. In the early morning the -enemy fired a great many round shot, and brought -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113">{113}</a></span> -a new gun into position, to play on the corner of -the brigade mess-house; also one which fired on -Mr. Gubbins's post, but which was soon silenced by -a 9-pounder placed in position against it. Divine -service performed in the brigade-mess to a few -officers who were off duty, and to the ladies. Much -round shot fired during the day, but fewer -sepoys in sight than usual. Every possible effort -was made to curtail the expenditure of our provisions, -and make them last as long as possible. -The enemy threw in three 8-inch shells during the -evening, and fired several round shot during the -night.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 17th.</i>—The remaining portion of the -Residency was deemed unsafe by the engineers, -from the number of round shot that had come -through it; and arrangements were made to remove -the Europeans. The heat extreme, a heavy cannonade -from daylight till 9 <small>A.M.</small>, when it gradually -slackened. A few round shot were fired through -the Residency during the morning. Much progress -was made in the mine out of Lieutenant Anderson's -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_114" id="Page_114">{114}</a></span> -house, and a new shaft sunk in the Martiniere -School, in view to running a sap towards Johannes' -house. The Seikhs mined well, and the payment in -cash of two rupees per man for each night's work -made the work popular. Between 4 and 5 <small>P.M.</small> the -enemy recommenced a slight cannonade, doubtless -stirred up by some shells which were thrown during -the afternoon. Towards dusk the enemy threw in -several shells, and at midnight an 8-inch, which -nearly hit our laboratory.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 18th.</i>—At daylight the enemy exploded -a large mine under one of our principal posts in -the outer square, occupied by the Seikhs; the -three officers and three sentries on the top of -the house, were blown up into the air and fell -among the debris. The guard below were all, however, -buried in the ruins, and lost their lives: they -were two bandsmen of the 41st, two of the 13th, -and a sepoy of the 48th Native Infantry. The -officers, though much stunned, on recovering themselves -ran away, and all three escaped unhurt.</p> - -<p>When the smoke had blown away, we discovered -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_115" id="Page_115">{115}</a></span> -that a clear breach had been made into our defences, -to the extent of thirty feet in breadth. One of the -enemy's leaders sprung on the top of the breach, -brandishing his sword and calling on others to -follow; but he fell dead instantly from the flank fire -of the officers on the top of the brigade-mess. -Another instantly followed and shared the same -fate, when the rest of the force declined making a -home rush. On the first springing of the mine, our -garrison was at once under arms, and the reserve of -the 84th Foot (eighteen men) were immediately sent -down and placed in a position which commanded the -breach from the right; while boxes, doors, planks, -tents, &c., were rapidly carried down to make as -much cover as possible to protect our men against -musketry: also a house was pulled down and a road -made for a gun; and, after incredible exertions, a -9-pounder was got into a position which commanded -all the breach, and was loaded with a double -charge of grape. The enemy, by means of some -barricaded lanes, contrived to creep up and get -possession of the right flank wall of the Seikh -square; but our mortar and a 24-pounder howitzer -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_116" id="Page_116">{116}</a></span> -drove the main body off, and a sudden rush -at noon cleared away the rest. We reoccupied all -the ground we had lost in the morning, and also -took possession of the houses previously held by the -enemy, and which were situated between the Seikh -square and Mr. Gubbins's house. No time was lost -in destroying them, and by sunset 400lbs. of gunpowder -had cleared away many of the houses from -which the enemy had most annoyed us. By this -time the breach was securely barricaded against any -sudden rush, and at night a working party completed -it. In addition to the eight men lost in the -explosion, we had this day one of the 32nd killed, -and a volunteer (M. De Prât) and three of the 32nd -wounded. Nothing could exceed the zeal with -which <i>all</i> the natives worked to secure the breach, -and make a road for a gun. The heat was fearful, -and this was one of the most harassing days we had, -all ranks being hard at work from daylight till dark, -under a dreadful sun. Lieutenant Fletcher, 48th -Regiment Native Infantry, on look-out duty at the -top of the Residency, was shot through the arm, -and had his telescope shivered by a rifle-ball, while -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_117" id="Page_117">{117}</a></span> -reconnoitring. Lieutenant Graham was also hit on the -chest with a spent ball. For further accounts of the -explosion of the mine, see the report of the disaster -by an eye-witness, marked (II.) in the Appendix.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 19th.</i>—The enemy rather lively with -their large guns this morning. Firing more particularly -at the guard-rooms on the top of the -brigade-mess, which were by this time well-riddled. -About 2 <small>P.M.</small> the engineers, Messrs. Fulton, Hutchinson, -and Anderson, with a small party, went -out on the premises which we yesterday seized, for -the purpose of blowing up some more houses and -buildings. This party was supported by some Europeans -and Seikhs, kept inside the square. The -enemy showed nowhere, and save for a few dropping -shots, their presence would not have been known.</p> - -<p>It is worthy of notice, that even through the Pucka -buildings, the enemy dug communicating trenches, -probably to escape the effects of our shells; which, -however, they had not always been successful in -doing, as several pools of blood showed us. In the -afternoon we experienced a smart cannonade, and -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_118" id="Page_118">{118}</a></span> -about dusk had a heavy shower which stayed it for -a while, and after 8 <small>P.M.</small> it subsided nearly entirely -into a musketry fire.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 20th.</i>—A heavy fire of musketry towards -daylight, when the enemy began the heaviest cannonade -we had yet had; particularly on the Cawnpore -battery, in front of which they had put another -gun in position. For three hours they fired continually, -and a great portion of Mons. De Prât's -house fell in. Their round shot came in through the -Thug Jail, and enfiladed it; fortunately it struck -high, and no casualty occurred: they also threw -some shrapnel, as yesterday. Our guard rooms on -the top of the brigade mess were now entirely demolished -by round shot, which came through them -almost unceasingly. An 8-inch shell went into the -Residency, and exploded on the staircase. A -soldier of the 32nd Foot was killed in the 18-pounder -battery, at Dr. Fayrer's, by a musket-ball -which struck him in the head. We were busy -all night at our mine, which was now completed, and -we hope to be able to load it and have it ready to -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_119" id="Page_119">{119}</a></span> -fire by daylight to-morrow morning. Many men -were seen in the early part of the day, moving about -in the bazaar (most of them sepoys). It was difficult -to say what they were about, as they were -moving both ways. Lieutenant Cunliffe of the artillery -was slightly wounded this morning in the -knee by a musket ball. Great mortality amongst -the children in the garrison, and a great deal of -sickness prevailed, particularly fever. All the tea -and sugar for the Europeans had been for some time -expended, save a small supply which had been reserved -for the use of the sick and wounded. The enemy -again commenced to undermine the lane running -from the Cawnpore battery behind the brigade-mess, -and were also engaged in some other work to the -right of Johannes' house. Much firing during the -evening. Captain Lowe of the 32nd Foot, had a -very narrow escape; an eight-inch shell burst close -to him in the trenches, and slightly wounded him -in the hand, and cut off the arm of a soldier alongside -him. The enemy made an attempt to burn -down the gates at the Baillie Guard, by eluding the -vigilance of the sentries and piling up logs of wood -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_120" id="Page_120">{120}</a></span> -and combustibles outside the gate. It burnt fiercely, -but was soon extinguished by the water-carriers -of the 13th, without damage to the gates: the fire -was the signal for a heavy fusillade, which lasted -nearly half an hour.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 21st.</i>—At daybreak all was prepared and -ready for the blowing-up of our mine, and the simultaneous -sortie of fifty Europeans under Captain -M'Cabe and Lieutenant Browne (divided into two -parties), for the purpose of spiking the enemy's -guns which fired into the mess house, and in -order to hold Johannes' house while the engineer -officers blew it up. Precisely at 5 <small>P.M.</small> the mine, -containing 400 lbs. of powder, was sprung, and as -soon as the dust and smoke had in a measure subsided, -the party ran out, drove the enemy (who were -taken by surprise, and made but a slight show of -resistance) from their guns (two), and spiked them -both, and retained possession of Johannes' house, -while the engineers made arrangements for blowing it -up. These were soon completed, and the party withdrawn. -A slow match was applied, and the house -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_121" id="Page_121">{121}</a></span> -laid in ruins. Our losses were one of the 84th killed, -one sergeant (84th) mortally wounded, one of the -32nd dangerously wounded, one slightly wounded, -and a sergeant of the artillery killed. The operation -was entirely successful, and rid us of a house -from which the enemy had, from the commencement -of the siege, annoyed us greatly. Captain -Barlow, of the 50th Native Infantry, died somewhat -suddenly in hospital this morning. The grass and -jungle all round had grown to a very great height, -and would have given cover to a number of men to -approach close up to our position unobserved. In -the afternoon, a boy about twelve years of age was -seen close to the Baillie Guard gate, picking up -bullets that had been fired. A sepoy of the 13th -on sentry-duty saw him, covered him with his -musket, and compelled him to come in. An eight-inch -shell fell on the top of the Residency about -9 <small>P.M.</small>, and exploded, fortunately without injuring -any one.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 22nd.</i>—Mrs. Green, of the 48th Native -Infantry, died early this morning. There had been -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_122" id="Page_122">{122}</a></span> -also many deaths among children during the few -previous days. Many of our supplies were entirely -expended, and the garrison were put to great inconvenience -for the want of tobacco, of which for some -time past there had been none to issue. Still more -stringent measures adopted to prevent the consumption -of flour; and wheat was issued to all non-combatants -who had time to grind it. A fine clear -night, with less musketry and more cannon firing than -usual. Many of our defences were greatly injured -from the late heavy rain and the incessant cannonade -of the enemy. Last night repairs were made to the -Cawnpore and Redan batteries, both of which still -required much to be done to them. To-day an -European sentry inside the Baillie Guard gate, was -shot dead by a rifleman: the ball went through -some sand bags put up for his protection. A sepoy -of the 13th was also hit in the knee this morning from -the same loophole. Arrangements were made to -knock the place down to-morrow morning at daylight -with a 24-pounder howitzer. Sergeant Ryder, of the -artillery, was killed dead by a musket ball to-day in the -churchyard. Up to this date, we had lost since the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_123" id="Page_123">{123}</a></span> -siege commenced on the 30th of June, by killed, -wounded, and sickness: 101 men of the 32nd Foot, -not including officers; and of the detachment of the -84th, consisting originally of fifty men, eleven had been -killed and died of wounds and disease since the above -date. Reports of distant firing being heard, vague -rumours were afloat; but these excited little attention -<i>now</i>, so often had they been in circulation, giving -rise to false hopes of our reinforcements being near.</p> - -<p>Captain Hawes, of the 63rd Native Infantry, was -wounded this afternoon by a musket ball through the -side and arm, while on the look-out from the top of -the defences at Mr. Gubbins's post. After dark we -had two eight-inch shells and several shrapnell sent -in. One of the former carried off the leg of a native -(who died soon after), and slightly wounded another. -Repairs continued in the Cawnpore and Redan batteries. -The want of tea and sugar much felt, and -very large prices offered for stores of any kind.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 23rd.</i>—A heavy cannonade from the -enemy, from daylight till about 10 <small>P.M.</small>, when it -slackened. Their principal efforts were against the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_124" id="Page_124">{124}</a></span> -brigade-mess house and Cawnpore battery; the -former they seriously damaged, and succeeded in -entirely levelling the guard-houses on the top; -both of which had fallen in, and there was no longer -any cover for our musketry to fire from. Our ranks -were rapidly thinning. Two men were again this -morning mortally wounded by musketry fire. The -enemy were busily employed in digging on all sides, -more particularly in front of the Redan; but it was -very difficult to say what their object was, as they -dug deep trenches in all directions. Continued -reports of distant firing being heard. The enemy -fired heavily from their guns in the afternoon, and -did considerable damage to our defences. A working -party employed after dark, making a magazine -for the powder and shells lodged in the Post-office.</p> - -<p>We had work nightly for at least 300 men; as we -had the defences to repair daily, supplies to remove -from godowns which were fallen in from the effects -of the enemy's shot, mines to countermine, guns -to remove, barricades to erect, corpses to bury, and -rations to serve out; but with our weak, harassed, -and daily diminishing garrison, we could seldom produce -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_125" id="Page_125">{125}</a></span> -as working parties more than three fatigue -parties of eight or ten men each relief; and the -Europeans were capable of but little exertion, as -from want of sleep, hard work night and day, and -constant exposure, their bodily strength was greatly -diminished. The enemy threw in an 8-inch shell -about 9 <small>P.M.</small> and fired all the evening. Divine service -was performed at the brigade-mess in the -morning, and in the afternoon, at Dr. Fayrer's; the -sacrament was administered on both occasions.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 24th.</i>—This morning, at about 2 o'clock, -the enemy opened a very heavy fire, both of round -shot and musketry; commencing and concluding the -same apparently on the signal of a fireball thrown up -on each occasion. The Judicial Garrison house, -under command of Captain Germon, being in a most -dangerous state from the effects of round shot, all -the women and wounded men, also children, were -removed from that post, as well as from all the other -outposts in that quarter, into the Begum Kotee in -the neighbourhood. A sergeant of the 84th was -dangerously wounded coming up from Mrs. Sago's -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_126" id="Page_126">{126}</a></span> -house, by a sharp-shooter. Lieutenant Bonham, of -the artillery, was busily employed perfecting his -arrangements for using an 8-inch mortar as a -howitzer. The experiment succeeded very well -yesterday evening.</p> - -<p>The verandah of the Residency on the west side -came entirely down this morning. The commissariat -stores in the godown underneath were removed -in the evening, as some of the arches of the lower -story were cracked, and a heavy cannonade would -have brought the whole place down. Arrangements -were made this day for still further reducing the -rations of Europeans. A kitmutghar came in from -the city last night: his account was so suspicious, -that he was placed under an European guard, as he -might have tampered with the natives. To-day we -threw two shells a long way into the city, in the -direction of the palace. The enemy tolerably -quiet; towards the middle of the day confining -themselves to sharp-shooting at every one they saw -move about in our position. Mr. MacRae of the -Civil Engineer Department was very badly hit in -the shoulder this afternoon, while assisting in laying -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_127" id="Page_127">{127}</a></span> -a mortar in the Post-office; and a sergeant and a -private were badly wounded early in the day, while -going to their post. The enemy possessed many -excellent rifle shots, and fired out of their loopholes -from the houses around with great certainty; occasioning -us a daily loss of from three to five men. -Two sepoys of the 13th were also slightly wounded -by random shots before daybreak this morning. -Several shells came in this evening; and about -12 <small>P.M.</small> the enemy opened a tremendous fire on all -sides, of round shot, grape, and musketry, which -lasted for an hour: the fire was very heavy, but -they made no effort to storm, though their bugles -sounded the advance repeatedly.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 25th.</i>—There was the usual heavy cannonade -this morning from the enemy, which continued -from 5 to 9 <small>A.M.</small>, when it slackened. All -the remaining porter in store (thirty-nine casks) -was got out of the Residency, and removed to -another place, consequent on the unsafe state of the -building; nearly one half of which had fallen from -round shot, and the remaining portion was likely -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_128" id="Page_128">{128}</a></span> -to follow. The magazine for the Post-office battery -completed. In the night two sepoys of the 11th -were slightly wounded by random shots. Several -coolies were seen coming through the bazaar from -the direction of the Cawnpore road. Sharp-shooting -all day long from the enemy, who had also got a -new gun in position to the right of Mr. Gubbins's -post. One mine completed, and three others steadily -progressing; the enemy digging on all sides.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 26th.</i>—The enemy commenced the day -with a very heavy fire of round shot and musketry -a little before daylight, which subsided in a great -measure in about half an hour. Their earthworks -had been added to during the night; but it was -difficult to distinguish new work, as the whole of our -position was now surrounded with them on every -side quite close up to us. A jemadar of the 71st -was shot dead near the Redan this morning by one -of the enemy's riflemen. The house of Innes was -reported to be in a dangerous state, in consequence -of the repeated round shots through it. Also -reports were made of the enemy mining at the -Redan. The enemy unusually quiet, and very little -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_129" id="Page_129">{129}</a></span> -firing went on during the middle of the day, but -they were busily employed in making trenches -round us in every direction, and worked particularly -hard in front of the Redan, with many coolies. No -intelligence whatever. One or two servants deserted -last night, and there were reports that all the -servants were thinking of leaving us, unless our reinforcements -arrived soon.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 27th.</i>—A good deal of rain during the -night. A heavy cannonade from the enemy, and the -usual amount of musketry fire all the morning.</p> - -<p>To-day, the supplies of the late Brigadier-General -Sir Henry Lawrence, K.C.B., were sold by auction. -The brandy realised from 140 to 160 rupees (16<i>l.</i>) -per dozen; beer averaged from 60 to 70 rupees -(7<i>l.</i>); sherry 70 rupees; hermetically sealed hams -from 70 to 75 rupees (7<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i>) each; a bottle of -honey 45 rupees (4<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i>); rifle gunpowder, 16 -rupees per lb. (1<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i>); small cakes of chocolate, -from 30 to 40 rupees (3<i>l.</i> to 4<i>l.</i>); and other things -in proportion. Sugar (had there been any for sale) -would have commanded almost any price.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_130" id="Page_130">{130}</a></span> -The enemy brought another gun into position opposite -the racket court, and where we had no means -of replying to them. A soldier of the 32nd was very -seriously wounded this morning by a musket-ball, -while sitting in the verandah of Dr. Fayrer's house. -In the evening a 3-pounder shot killed a soldier of -the 32nd and carried away the arm of another. A -native officer of the 13th was wounded through the -foot by a musket-ball. Our miners (working in the -gallery we had run out thirty-three feet to the -right of the brigade mess-house) heard the -enemy distinctly mining towards us. Their sap -seemed to run for the centre of the brigade mess.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 28th.</i>—Heavy rain nearly all night, which -considerably injured our sap to the right of the -brigade mess, in consequence of it leaking; the rain -ceasing at daylight, we set to work, and in a few -hours got if cleared out, and had our people at work -again. A good deal of fever prevalent, and great -mortality among the children, who faded away -rapidly from want of proper food. A smart cannonade -at daylight from the enemy, who fired heavily -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_131" id="Page_131">{131}</a></span> -with two guns on Mr. Gubbins's house; fortunately -no casualties occurred. Last night, three -men deserted to the enemy from Mr. Gubbins's post. -One, a chuprassee of Mr. G.'s, took with him 400 -rupees (40<i>l.</i>) belonging to different people; four -servants belonging to officers also deserted.</p> - -<p>Lieutenant Bonham fired his mortar, equipped as -a howitzer, fourteen times during the day, against the -new battery erected against Mr. Gubbins's post, and -with considerable success, having struck it ten times; -but their battery was of great strength, and required -a good deal more battering to do it much mischief. -We waited with impatience for the enemy's miners -to break through our gallery, and were obliged to -stop our own men, as the enemy left off work immediately -they heard our people's pickaxe.</p> - -<p>This night we learnt, by a letter from General -Havelock, dated Cawnpore, the 24th instant, that -we had no hope of being relieved for another -twenty-five days.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 29th.</i>—Cooler weather. Our miners -busily employed endeavouring to break into the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_132" id="Page_132">{132}</a></span> -enemy's gallery, which, though quite close to our -own, had not yet been found. The magazine sergeants -at work, making an expence magazine in the -Begum Kotee. The upper story of Mr. Gubbins's -house was no longer safe, owing to the numbers of -round shot through it, and the ladies were removed. -Much difficulty was experienced in finding -quarters for them, every place being so crowded, -and the ladies were already four and five together -in very small badly ventilated native buildings; -dreadful smells pervading the whole place, from the -half-buried bodies of men, horses, and bullocks, and -also from the drains—some of which were fearfully -offensive, as we had no means of attending to them. -Several more servants deserted last night; which -caused the very greatest inconvenience, as already -very few officers had any. About 10 <small>A.M.</small> our -miners broke into the enemy's gallery, which they -immediately abandoned, and began to fill in the -shaft; we as instantly applied a barrel of powder at -the farther end of their sap, and blew up their work -altogether. Our men brought away their lantern, -tools, and a bottle of oil, which in their haste they -had left. Very heavy rain all the forenoon.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_133" id="Page_133">{133}</a></span> -Sickness became daily more prevalent, and a number -of officers and "the uncovenanted" were daily placed -on the sick list. To-day it was decided to issue one -month's pay after the 1st proximo, for the month of -July. The heavy rain caused one of the enemy's -mines, running towards the outpost called Mrs. Sago's -house, to fall in. This mine was never known to -us, or even suspected. Many and grave doubts and -suspicions were entertained that the enemy were -running a mine towards the Redan battery. Captain -Fulton, Garrison Engineer, did not, however, -share in this opinion. A native artilleryman, who -belonged to a number entertained by Mr. Gubbins, -deserted from his post while on sentry over one of -the guns in Mr. G.'s compound. A European sentry -fired at him, but did not succeed in hitting him.</p> - -<p>Now that it appeared evident that the siege must -last in all probability another month, increased care -and vigilance in the issuing of all stores was observed. -The rain cleared off towards evening. A -considerable cannonade all through the night.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 30th.</i>—A heavy cannonade all night. Four -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134">{134}</a></span> -half-castes (Christians) one of whom had been made a -local sergeant, and was head-writer in Captain Weston's -office, deserted to the enemy; having broke -open the door in the barrier they had to defend, and -left the post unprotected. He took with him, in addition -to Captain Boileau's gun, five drummers, formerly -in the king of Oude's service, two drummers -of the 48th, and some ten native servants. An eight-inch -shell burst in the native hospital this morning, -killing one native and wounding two others. An -attack was expected to-day, and everything was prepared -as far as possible to repel it. A good many -cases of fever. Divine service was performed at the -brigade mess at noon, and at Mr. Gubbins's house at -2 <small>P.M.</small>, when the sacrament was administered, and -at Dr. Fayrer's house at half-past 5 <small>P.M.</small> To-day, -Lieut. Bonham, of the artillery, was very severely -wounded by a musket-ball, while sitting in the doorway -of the Post-office: he was a very great loss to -the garrison, having very greatly distinguished himself -throughout the siege; particularly in the accuracy -with which he used his mortars, and the excellent -practice he had made with a mortar which he -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_135" id="Page_135">{135}</a></span> -had made to act as a howitzer. This was the third -time he had been wounded since hostilities began on -the 30th of June. Very little firing during the middle -of the day, and not much movement observable -among the enemy. A European soldier of the 32nd -died very suddenly to-day; he lost the use of his side -from sleeping in the wet trenches, and died in hospital -a few hours after. Europeans and natives all -greatly distressed on account of the want of tobacco, -of which we have had none left for distribution for -a considerable time past. Great difficulty was experienced -in getting shelter for women and children; -so many houses had been destroyed by the round -shot and shells of the enemy: all suffered greatly -from being crowded together in low, small, badly -ventilated buildings. The dreadful stench which -pervaded that part of the defences held by the -commissariat officers and the uncovenanted service, -exceeded all belief. It arose from the decayed entrails -of the bullocks and sheep daily killed by the -butchers, and of which we had no means of disposing, -but by throwing them over the defences: the decayed -boosah and vegetable matter which here also -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_136" id="Page_136">{136}</a></span> -abounded, assisting in creating a stench which was -probably never exceeded. Nearly every officer who -slept at this post was laid up with fever at one time -or another; but as it was one of the weakest parts -of our defences, it was absolutely requisite that two -officers should be ever with the party occupying it. -A false alarm at sunset, and a heavy cannonade -brought the day's proceedings to a close.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>August 31st.</i>—The enemy fired at intervals very -hard, both guns and musketry, particularly towards -daylight. Then we found they had got another very -large gun, apparently a 32-pounder, in position under -the Lutkun Durwaza, and about 100 yards from -the Baillie Guard gates, on which it fired several -times, smashing two ammunition waggons with -which the gates were barricaded. Towards the -middle of the day the enemy were unusually quiet, -confining themselves to sharp-shooting. An excellent -artillery sergeant was killed at Mr. Gubbins's -post, by a rifle-ball, which struck him in the side.</p> - -<p>The heat excessive. In the evening, the kitmutghar -of the late Captain Hayes, military secretary, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_137" id="Page_137">{137}</a></span> -who had come in some ten days before, and was believed -to be a spy, escaped from the 84th Guard -during the night, and contrived to get clear away. -He had been kept in confinement from the time of -his coming in, and had not been allowed to converse -with any one; and therefore could give little or no -information. About 10 <small>P.M.</small> the enemy very suddenly -opened from nearly all their guns, and threw -in a heavy fire of musketry, which subsided in -about half an hour. All the 13th Native Infantry -employed in making a new sunken battery to the -right of the guard-room, in order to oppose the -battery of the enemy which was located in the -Lutkun Durwaza. Our people in the Redan battery -had a narrow escape from an 8-inch shell, -which just cleared the parapet and exploded outside.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 1st.</i>—A fine breezy morning. Not very -much firing; but a great deal of bugling was heard -among the enemy's troops during the early part -of the morning. Rumours that the half-caste Christians -who deserted had been murdered. The enemy's -24-pounder fired several shots during the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_138" id="Page_138">{138}</a></span> -morning, which took effect on the gates, smashing -them considerably. The enemy reported to be -running another mine towards the brigade mess.</p> - -<p>Our third sap from Anderson's post nearly completed, -and considerable progress made in the one -commenced out of Sago's house. All the boys in -garrison above ten years of age were collected and -set to work with hand-mills, to assist in grinding -flour for the use of the garrison. Sickness showed -itself amongst the bullocks; and in the last two -days two bullocks had to be suddenly killed, in order -to save the meat. This was most unfortunate, as -the stock in hand would not last (even at the -reduced rate of rations) the time we might probably -be besieged. Arrangements were made to have -some artillery and irregular cavalry horses that -were wounded, or from want of condition were -unserviceable, turned out on this evening. The -last cook-boy of the artillery absconded last night. -This put the men to much inconvenience, as they -had now to draw their rations with Her Majesty's -32nd Regiment; but it was better for the service, -as now there was no excuse for any of the guns' -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_139" id="Page_139">{139}</a></span> -crews leaving their batteries for their food. This -morning some fresh beef was accidentally removed -from the slaughter-yard in one of the magazine -carts. As these carts were used also for transporting -grain, it excited remark amongst some -Seikhs. The cart in question was immediately -marked in the presence of the Commissariat Establishment, -and strict orders were given that it -should not be used again. This shows how careful -we had to be with all the natives about their castes.</p> - -<p>In the evening, about dusk, two European artillerymen -were struck in the Post-office battery by an -18-pounder shot, which killed both. Great progress -was made in the battery which was erected -by the 13th Native Infantry, for the 18-pounder -to be placed in at the Baillie Guard gate. Two -8-inch shells exploded in the vicinity of our magazine, -but without doing any injury. Our third -mine from Anderson's house completed, but not -charged, it being retained as a listening gallery. -Another shaft for a mine was struck out from -Captain Saunders' post, to be ready to meet the -enemy's so soon as it could be ascertained which -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_140" id="Page_140">{140}</a></span> -way they were mining. The cook-boys of two -companies of the 32nd Foot deserted to-day, which -caused extreme inconvenience.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>2nd September.</i>—Sounds of mining heard near -the slaughter-house. This was quite a new direction -for the enemy to commence this work at; but it had -not yet been ascertained for a certainty, and appeared -most unlikely. Last night three men of -Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment died in hospital.</p> - -<p>About 9 <small>A.M.</small> this morning a mine of the enemy -was discovered within thirty feet of Captain Saunders' -post: they came up to a well, and, not knowing -what it was, made a hole in the surface; when the -smoke from their lamp became apparent. A countermine -was immediately commenced and run out -sixteen feet, and within two feet of the enemy; it -was quickly loaded and tamped for about fourteen -feet, and the head of their gallery was blown in. -Their miners were heard at work when the hose of -our mine was ignited; and it was believed they -must have sustained some loss. Another of the -enemy's mines was also discovered this morning, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_141" id="Page_141">{141}</a></span> -coming for the centre of the brigade mess-house; -but we had a shaft and gallery ready to frustrate -their efforts. One of the sepoys of the 13th Regiment -Native Infantry was severely wounded this -morning while standing sentry. We had a heavy -cannonade from the enemy in the afternoon, and -some alteration was made in the position of some of -their guns on the Cawnpore side of our position. -The advance of a month's pay, which had been -offered to all natives, was declined by the 13th, -48th, and 71st, and pensioners, and only four -rupees each was received by the Seikh Cavalry, as -all preferred to receive it in arrears hereafter. -This spoke volumes for their faithfulness.</p> - -<p>This evening a very sad event occurred. Lieut. -Birch, of the 59th Regiment Native Infantry, attached -to the Engineer department, went out at -dusk, accompanied by four other officers, to explore -some old ruins quite close to the north side of our -position, in order to see if there were any traces of -mining. The work had been most satisfactorily -performed, and the party were returning, when a -sentry of the 32nd Regiment, who, unfortunately, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_142" id="Page_142">{142}</a></span> -had not received the caution that a party was going -out and to be careful not to fire, seeing objects -moving in the dark outside our limits, fired his -musket; lamentable to relate, it took effect, and -the bullet passed through the lower part of the -belly of Lieutenant Birch, who died two hours -after. He was a gallant and efficient officer, and -had only been married six months. His loss was -greatly deplored by the garrison. Our miners were -all hard at work all day, countermining the enemy, -who still persevered in their efforts to blow us up.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 3rd.</i>—About 2 <small>A.M.</small> a very heavy -cannonade from the enemy till 9 <small>A.M.</small> Unbarricaded -a door leading out of our position, and turned -loose during the night sixteen horses and a mule, -which had been wounded, and were unfit for use. -Further efforts made to limit the supply of flour, -and issue wheat in lieu thereof. Advances of pay -made to officers, ladies, the civil and uncovenanted -service, and a few natives who desired it.</p> - -<p>The sun particularly powerful, and as during the -nights a heavy dew fell, and occasionally the mornings -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_143" id="Page_143">{143}</a></span> -were very cool, great fears were entertained for the -health of our men; especially as nearly all had to -sleep in the trenches. Consequently search was -everywhere made for tents to shelter them; but the -majority of these had been used as barricades and -other defences, and were now, from exposure to the -rain, &c., completely rotten and useless.</p> - -<p>The enemy commenced mining at Sago's garrison, -and a shaft and gallery were made to meet them. In -the evening there was a heavy cannonade on Mr. -Gubbins's post. A soldier of the 32nd was dangerously -wounded at Innes' house by an 18-pounder -shot, and another slightly wounded by grape shot. -Much heavy firing from the enemy. Very severe -work at mining, as our people were employed at -four different points. After 10 <small>P.M.</small> an exceedingly -heavy cannonade accompanied by musketry. The -enemy were distinctly heard repairing their batteries, -and moving a heavy gun with elephants, in -the direction of the Cawnpore battery.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 4th.</i>—The usual cannon and musketry -throughout the night, which greatly increased after -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_144" id="Page_144">{144}</a></span> -daylight, but gradually subsided after 9 <small>A.M.</small> into a -few solitary discharges of cannon. The outer wall -of the mess house was greatly injured by the constant -firing from the enemy's guns, although it was -of great solidity. Between 9 and 10 <small>A.M.</small> an unusual -commotion was observable in the town, and the -streets were much crowded, for which we were -unable to account; whatever it was, the crowd -gradually dispersed, and by 11 <small>A.M.</small> all was tranquil, -and the enemy's guards were relieved as usual at -that hour.</p> - -<p>Towards the middle of the day there was very -little firing from the enemy: they could be distinctly -heard in three of our listening galleries, sapping -steadily towards us. A 32nd soldier was severely -contused to-day by a round shot, while on duty in -the Cawnpore battery, and another wounded by a -musket-ball. About 4·30 <small>P.M.</small> Major Bručre, commanding -the 13th Regiment Native Infantry, went -on the top of the brigade mess to endeavour to pick -off some of the enemy's gunners. Unfortunately, -in his anxiety to get a shot at some riflemen, he -somewhat unnecessarily exposed himself, and was -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_145" id="Page_145">{145}</a></span> -hit by a rifle-ball through the chest, which almost -immediately proved fatal. His death was very -greatly lamented by the sepoys of the 13th, with -whom he was very popular: they insisted on carrying -his remains to the grave, and his funeral was -attended by all the men of the 13th who could be -permitted to leave their trenches. The eighteen-pounder -battery made by the sepoys of the 13th, -was now nearly completed, and was sixteen feet -thick, besides the wall in front; the eighteen-pounder -intended for it was got down, and put -in position. The enemy were evidently aware of -what we were about, as two shells fell quite -close; one just inside, and the other outside the -new battery.</p> - -<p>The outer wall and buildings on the top of the mess -house fell in this evening, with a great crash, consequent -on the outer wall having been completely -breached; fortunately no one was hurt, and several -ladies and children still clung to the inner rooms for -shelter, preferring the chance of a round shot or -musket-ball to the fetid close atmosphere of an already -overcrowded hovel in the interior of our position; -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_146" id="Page_146">{146}</a></span> -which, after all, was perhaps hardly any safer -from the fire of the enemy.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 5th.</i>—A fine moonlight morning. Soon -after daylight, the enemy commenced the severest -cannonade we had yet had. About 8000 infantry and -about 500 horse were by sunrise seen moving about -round our position, and evidently preparing for an -attack. The garrison were soon—every man—on -the alert, and remained patiently under a tremendous -fire of cannon, awaiting the enemy's onset. -They soon opened fire from a new battery of two -guns across the river; and about 10 <small>A.M.</small> exploded -two mines, one (a large one), close to the 18-pounder -battery, and the other, a smaller one, at the brigade-mess -(which we had countermined and were about -to blow up.) Providentially, the enemy had miscalculated -their distance in both instances, and were -just short of our defences, and neither explosion did -us any harm. As soon as the cloud of dust and -smoke had cleared away, they advanced under cover -of a tremendous fire on several points—particularly -at Mr. Gubbins's post—where they came on resolutely -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_147" id="Page_147">{147}</a></span> -and planted an enormous ladder against the -bastion to mount it. Several reached the top, but -were so steadily received with musketry and hand -grenades, that none could gain a footing: and after -several leaders had fallen, the rest fell back to the -cover of the neighbouring houses, where they kept -up a tremendous fire. Their loss was very heavy, -as they showed themselves well; particularly in the -garden close to the brigade-mess and Sikh square, -where they fell rapidly to our rifles and muskets. -Long after the action, they could be seen carrying -away their killed and wounded over the bridges.</p> - -<p>During the attack we only had one havildar of pensioners -and two sepoys of the 13th killed, and one -soldier of the 32nd wounded (loss of hand), from -round shot. Eight sepoys of the 13th Native Infantry, -assisted by three artillerymen, loaded and -worked the 18-pounder in the 13th battery, and -after three or four rounds succeeded in silencing the -18-pounder opposed to them. The sepoys were -very proud of this battery, which was entirely under -their charge, and constructed solely by them, under -the superintendence of the Engineers. A fearfully -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_148" id="Page_148">{148}</a></span> -hot-day, and a broiling sun, to which all were exposed -for nearly the entire day. During last night -another shaft, eight feet deep, was sunk by the -officers of the brigade-mess as a listening gallery, -in case the enemy should run a sap in that direction.</p> - -<p>In the evening, the enemy seemed disgusted with -their want of success in the morning, and confined -themselves to a few shots now and then from -their batteries. An 18-pounder came right through -the hospital from their new work across the river, -and passed through the whole length of the building, -which was crowded with patients, and very -slightly wounded Lieutenant Charlton and a soldier -of the 32nd, both of whom were lying there -wounded. Passing as it did through the entire -length of such a crowded space, it was perfectly -extraordinary that this ball did not do more harm.</p> - -<p>After all attacks, the enemy were most determined -in their efforts to carry off their dead, and generally -contrived to do so at night. To-day, as usual, the -leading men were most of them knocked over, which -greatly discouraged their followers. All reports -from positions which commanded any views of the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149">{149}</a></span> -enemy retreating, agreed in saying that they -seemed to-day more thoroughly beaten than ever.</p> - -<p>Lieutenant James Graham, of the 4th Cavalry, -shot himself through the head this morning with his -revolver, in a fit of temporary insanity: he left a -wife and child.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 6th.</i>—At 12 o'clock midnight, the -garrison was aroused by a heavy cannonade from all -sides, and much bugling and shouting; but it all -gradually subsided in about half an hour, without -any reply from our side: during it a soldier of the -32nd lost his leg from a round shot. This morning, -the enemy were unusually quiet, and their guns -more silent than it was remembered for a long time.</p> - -<p>The rains seemed to have cleared off, and the sun -was most powerful. Our live stock was now fast -diminishing in numbers, and had any disease broke -out amongst them, it would have been a most -serious loss. Our stock of rum and porter was also -fast running very low. Now that the stagnant -water was fast drying up, the miasmatic stenches in -various parts of the garrison were of a morning -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_150" id="Page_150">{150}</a></span> -almost insupportable; and it was greatly feared -would produce much fever and other illness. About -1 <small>P.M.</small>, the Engineers made a small sortie from Innes' -post, and blew down a house which yesterday the -enemy commenced to loophole; and which, had they -succeeded in doing, would have been a most serious -matter to Innes' garrison, in the present shattered -and dilapidated state of the house they occupy, -caused by the effects of round shot, which had -steadily for the last month been fired into it from -guns of heavy calibre. Captain Fulton of the -Engineers was slightly contused by an explosion -to-day. About 10 <small>P.M.</small> the enemy sent two men -with loads of combustibles, to place under the -entrance gates, to set fire to them; they were seen, -and one was shot dead by the sentry, on which the -other fled. An hour later, they made a very smart -attack on the Baillie Guard gate, but were quickly -driven back: during this affair, a very excellent -native officer (a subadar), of the 13th Regiment -Native Infantry, was killed in the 13th battery.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 7th.</i>—The enemy were unusually quiet -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_151" id="Page_151">{151}</a></span> -with their cannon this morning, contenting themselves -with mining, while we as busily endeavoured -to countermine them. An unusual commotion among -them: large numbers crossing and re-crossing the -bridge of boats; and about 11 <small>A.M.</small> a regiment, with -colours, and band playing, and about 1000 matchlockmen, -passed from right to left of our position. -About 5000 men passed during the afternoon from -right to left; many of them seemed as though they -had marched in from a distance. Heavy showers -during the afternoon; the garrison constantly wet.</p> - -<p>Our miners, both European and native, were -greatly done up with their day and night exertions, -which were absolutely requisite for our preservation. -In all these operations the Seikhs and Hindoostanee -sepoys worked remarkably well.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 8th.</i>—Captain Simons of the Artillery, -who had been long suffering from his wounds, died -early this morning. A tolerable cannonade kept up -all night. The enemy had now completed a breach -in the wall enclosing the courtyard of the Martiniere -School, broad enough for four or five men -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_152" id="Page_152">{152}</a></span> -to pass through abreast, and which we were obliged -to retrench and stockade. Nearly one-half of the -officers were on the sick list, with fever and dysentery.</p> - -<p>The shot fired in by the enemy were yesterday -collected, and 280 round shot, varying in size -from a 24 to a 3-pounder, were gathered from the -roof of the brigade-mess alone! In the evening we -had heavy rain and a moderate cannonade.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 9th.</i>—During the night a shell exploded -in a room occupied by a lady and some children, -and though almost every article in the room was -destroyed, yet all providentially escaped.</p> - -<p>Finding this morning that the enemy were rapidly -mining towards the Cawnpore battery, it was deemed -advisable that our mine, containing 200 lbs. of powder, -which had been ready and charged for upwards of a -month, should be exploded; and accordingly, at -10 <small>A.M.</small>, it was sprung. The effect was tremendous, -and it evidently astonished the enemy, whose miners -must have been destroyed. They immediately beat -to arms, and opened on us from most of their batteries -on that side of our position. When the smoke -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_153" id="Page_153">{153}</a></span> -and dust (which were tremendous) had blown away, -it was seen that the explosion had destroyed all the -front face of the outhouses opposite our battery.</p> - -<p>In the evening a body of 3000 men moved up to -our right flank, which caused us all to keep particularly -on the alert. About 11 <small>P.M.</small> very heavy rain -began to fall, and the early part of the night passed -away quietly. For the third time since the siege -commenced there was no funeral on this day.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 10th.</i>—The rain cleared away towards -morning, and all was moderately quiet till 6 <small>A.M.</small>, -from which hour till 10 <small>A.M.</small> an unusually heavy -cannonade was kept up, and replied to by our guns -and mortars. All the state jewels were brought -over from the Residency, and put into the Begum -Kotee for better security.</p> - -<p>Owing to the necessity for blowing up the Muchee -Bhawun, the officers brought in with them nothing -but the clothes they wore. Many others in this -garrison had lost everything when their bungalows -in cantonments were burnt; and a few better off -had shared their wardrobes with them. As time -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_154" id="Page_154">{154}</a></span> -went on, however, clothes wore out, and there were -no means of providing others; and by this time -officers might have been seen wearing the most -extraordinary costumes; few, if any, had any -semblance of a military uniform, and very many were -in shirts, trowsers, and slippers only; one gallant -civilian having found an old billiard-table cloth, had -contrived to make himself a kind of loose coat out -of it, while an officer wore a shirt made out of a -floor cloth. All carried muskets, and were accoutred -like the soldiers. At the auction of the effects of an -officer recently killed, a single bottle of brandy -realised seventeen rupees (thirty-four shillings). -The soldiers had for a month past all been out of -tobacco, and had taken to smoking dried tea and -common leaves. Not very much firing in the -evening.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 11th.</i>—This was a quieter night than -usual with the garrison. Much disturbance was -heard among the enemy, and the noise of elephants -was distinctly heard, as if they were moving some of -their guns into other positions. About sunrise, two -sides of Innes' house, which had been steadily cannonaded -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_155" id="Page_155">{155}</a></span> -daily with 18-pounder shot, fell in, and the -two sentries on that side escaped with difficulty; -the post was, however, still nobly held, and preparation -made for making some kind of a defence out of -the debris. Many bodies of armed men were seen -moving about, and we had the usual three hours' -morning cannonade. About 10 <small>A.M.</small>, as our mine -out of the Seikh square (which had been charged -with 200 lbs. of powder) was ready, it was determined -to explode it, as the enemy's miners could be -very distinctly heard sapping quite close; it was -very successful, completely destroying all their -excavations, and buried the party who were at work, -the groans and moans of some of whom were heard -for some time after. Later in the day, another -mine of the enemy was discovered in the churchyard. -A sortie was made under Captain Fulton -of the Engineers (the ground being open), and the -working party were driven off and their work -examined. It proved to be shaft and gallery, fully -five feet high, and extended twenty-four feet, running -in a straight line to the church: two barrels of -powder were separately exploded in it, and completely -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_156" id="Page_156">{156}</a></span> -destroyed the entire work. Two of the -enemy were shot by Lieutenant Sewell this afternoon.</p> - -<p>At dusk, the enemy threw in (apparently from -a howitzer) five hollow iron cylinders, filled with -a composition (similar to that with which we are -accustomed to fill our carcases) done up in strong -canvas. On reaching the ground, the apparatus -burst, and the five cylinders spouted forth fire without -any further explosion: this, perhaps, was the most -curious and complicated projectile that had yet been -received by the garrison. At 7 <small>P.M.</small> very heavy -rain, which lasted an hour and a half.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 12th.</i>—A tremendous row and noise in -the city all night. A shaft sunk in the centre of the -brigade-mess, in view to running a sap out across the -road into the garden, in front of the enemy's battery. -Rather less firing all day than usual. Very large -bodies of matchlockmen were seen moving about, but -a smaller proportion of sepoys. A soldier of the -32nd and an uncovenanted man were wounded; the -former in the head, the latter through the hand. -During the past few days no case of cholera occurred. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157">{157}</a></span> -In the evening after dark, the 71st sepoys were employed -under Lieutenant Langmore in bringing in -some tents which were piled up in the Residency -garden; while so employed, one of the enemy came up, -evidently having mistaken our party for one of his -own. He was immediately seized by two sepoys and -brought in. An European sentry was killed to-day -through a small loophole in the Redan, out of which -he was looking, and another in the same battery was -wounded during the night.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 12th.</i>—A smart cannonade at daylight. -Considerable progress was made in our new mines -out of the Cawnpore battery and brigade-mess. -Captain Mansfield was seized with cholera early this -morning, and died a few hours after. A great -number of matchlockmen seen moving about in the -bazaar. Enormous prices offered in the garrison for -all kinds of supplies. A small fowl was to-day -purchased by a gentleman for his sick wife for 20 -rupees (2<i>l.</i>) A bottle of Curaçoa sold at auction a -day or two ago for 16 rupees, and the same price -was freely offered for two pounds of sugar. Divine -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_158" id="Page_158">{158}</a></span> -service performed at the brigade-mess, and at Dr. -Fayrer's to all who were able to attend. A man -came in about 8 <small>P.M.</small> from the city. He could not -or would not give any information, was looked upon -as a spy, ironed and placed in the main-guard. A -tolerably quiet evening.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 14th.</i>—A good many matchlockmen -were seen coming into the town during the day, -both over the stone bridge and the bridge of boats. -For the last two days, the bugles of the enemy had -not been heard, which led us to conclude that the -head-quarters of regiments had probably left the city. -A few doolies were seen passing down the Cawnpore -road, and a man (apparently of some consequence) was -observed haranguing a mob in the city. There was -the usual amount of firing and sharp-shooting all day.</p> - -<p>A grievous occurrence took place in the afternoon. -Captain Fulton of the Engineers, while reconnoitring -from a battery in Mr. Gubbins's post, was -killed dead by a round shot, which struck him on the -head. He had conducted all the engineering operations -of the siege for a considerable time previous to -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_159" id="Page_159">{159}</a></span> -the death of his chief (Major Anderson). He was a -highly gifted, cool, brave, and chivalrous officer, -fertile in resources, and a favourite with both officers -and men. His loss was acutely felt.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 15th.</i>—The 18-pounder battery beyond -Innes' house fired heavily, and reduced Innes' -house to almost a heap of ruins; the shot came right -across the entire open space round the Residency, -and one soldier of the 32nd was mortally and -another slightly wounded. The breach in the -Seikh square made by the enemy was now tolerably -retrenched. The inner square was well loopholed -and barricaded, so that even if the enemy had -made their way in, they would have been unable to -make a lodgment. The vicinity of the houses to -our defences in the outer square rendered mining -easy, and we took and blew up three of the enemy's -mines at this point alone. Lieutenant Fullerton of -the 16th Regiment Native Infantry, died in hospital -this morning.</p> - -<p>To-day the verandah of the Residency fell in -with a great crash, from the effects of the battering it -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_160" id="Page_160">{160}</a></span> -had received from the enemy's 18-pound shot. This -afternoon, a mortar, equipped as a howitzer (on -Lieutenant Bonham's principle), was put in position -against the 18-pounder battery opposite Innes' -house, and fired several shots, which kept the -enemy's gun in check; and one shell having blown -away most of their parapet, they did not fire again -from it during the evening. Under the direction of -the garrison engineer, a shaft was commenced in -the Baillie Guard gate by the sepoys of 13th Regiment -Native Infantry, in order to run a sap out in -the direction of the Lutkun Durwaza; eight feet -and a half were this evening accomplished. It is intended -as a safeguard, to cut off any mine that the -enemy may be running towards the gateway.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 16th.</i>—A very sharp cannonade from -daylight, for three hours. An 8-inch shell fell in the -rear of the 13th battery, (for the second time -since the commencement of hostilities) and mortally -wounded a sepoy, and slightly wounded a subadar. -Enemy were very busy erecting (apparently) a new -battery, to the right of our Cawnpore battery; but -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_161" id="Page_161">{161}</a></span> -it was difficult at the time to say what it was intended -for: the people working at it were greatly -annoyed by our shells, and it made but little progress, -except during the night. They were also -very hard at work in front of the Redan battery, -where they had made deep trenches in all directions.</p> - -<p>Ungud, pensioner and spy, was sent out at about -10 <small>P.M.</small> with a letter, done up in a piece of quill, to -take to General Havelock at Cawnpore, and was -promised a large reward if he brought a reply. -Preparations made for getting the mortar howitzer -into the courtyard in rear of the brigade-mess, by -cutting a road through the intermediate walls. The -mine out of the brigade-mess building, and that out -of the Cawnpore battery, were worked all night, and -considerable progress was made in both. The rains -seemed quite over, the sun was very powerful, and -much fever prevailed. Not so much firing as usual -in the evening, and only one shell came in. Much -bugling among the enemy during the night.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 17th.</i>—All very much as usual, with -rather less firing. Many vague rumours were abroad -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162">{162}</a></span> -in the garrison, all without foundation. The mortar -howitzer was got into position behind the brigade -mess; the second shell thrown from it severely -wounded two of our servants, in consequence of the -shell having exploded before it cleared our defences. -After the range was, however, once got, the practice -was good, and several shells exploded in the embrasure -of the enemy's battery. The mine out of -the brigade-mess and that out of the Cawnpore -battery, damaged during the day by round shot, was -also repaired by a working party of sepoys from the -48th regiment Native Infantry. The sentry of the -32nd Foot, on duty at the church, had his head -carried off by a round shot. Exactly at midnight -the enemy made a demonstration on Saunders's post, -and fired heavy volleys of musketry, but made no -attempt to advance; in about half an hour, after a -few shells had been thrown among them, they retired.</p> - -<p>Many cases of fever and dysentery. Two sepoys -of the 13th died in hospital of their wounds. -The Seikh cavalry sowars, under Lieutenant Hardinge, -worked at the barricade across the breach in -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_163" id="Page_163">{163}</a></span> -the third Seikh square, and still further strengthened -it.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 18th.</i>—Nothing new to record. Each -day passed away much like its predecessor, with the -same amount of cannonading and musketry fire.</p> - -<p>Throughout the siege, a regular system of look-out -was organised from the top of the tower in the -Residency, which commanded a view of the river, -the three bridges, and the open country beyond; -and also from the roof of the Post-office, from which -a great part of the city and the road to Cawnpore -could be observed. At the former post the officers -were relieved every two hours, and at the latter -hourly. At each post a book was kept, in which -whatever had been observed was noted down, and -if anything unusual, or any new work of the enemy -was seen, a report of it was instantly forwarded for -Brigadier Inglis's information. A new truck was -constructed to enable us to fit out another mortar as -a howitzer, for it would be impossible to say how -greatly we felt throughout the siege the want of -a couple of 8-inch howitzers. To-day, the enemy -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164">{164}</a></span> -threw in (evidently from a 13-inch mortar) a piece -of wood of very great weight, which measured twelve -inches in diameter and eighteen in length! It made -a prodigious noise as it passed through the air.</p> - -<p>In consequence of the very small stock of rum left -in store, all the Europeans were reduced to one dram -each per day. This was perhaps the quietest day of -the siege up to this date, as we had nothing but a -few stray cannon shots and a slight musketry fire -throughout the twenty-four hours. About 11 <small>P.M.</small> -a very considerable noise was heard in the town, -together with much bugling and shouting.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 19th.</i>—This morning, almost before -daylight, we commenced a heavy cannonade from -the Post-office on the battery in the square house -opposite. During the morning the enemy kept up -also a heavy fire all around; particularly on the -Residency, which now wore a most desolate tumbledown -and dilapidated appearance, from the effect of -round shot which had been steadily poured into it -daily from the commencement of the siege. About -10·30 <small>A.M.</small> the enemy's battery in the square house, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">{165}</a></span> -opposite the Post-office was set on fire by our shot, -and a pretty sharp fusillade and cannonade was kept -up by us to prevent the enemy from distinguishing -it; the fire however soon died out. An auction -was held this day in the Residency of the property -(clothes, &c.) of deceased officers, and the prices -that all useful articles fetched was enormous: for -instance, a new flannel shirt was knocked down for -forty rupees, while five old ones were sold for 112 -rupees, and a bottle of brandy brought twenty -rupees. A man of the 84th was shot dead at Sago's -post early this morning. During the day the enemy -threw into our position, probably from an enormous -mortar, six pieces of wood about the size and shape -of a large oyster barrel; they were thrown up in -the air to an enormous height, and came down with -almost incredible force.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 20th.</i>—At 1 <small>A.M.</small> a smart musketry -fire and cannonade took place, which lasted for -about half an hour. At daylight discovered two -new batteries, which the enemy had very nearly -completed, and one of which contained a 32-pounder. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_166" id="Page_166">{166}</a></span> -We opened on them with a howitzer -and an 18-pounder, but did them little mischief; -the batteries having been made excessively strong, -with enormous beams of wood and earth. We -however, entirely prevented them from working at -either battery during the ensuing night. The -Cawnpore battery was repaired, and the centre -mine from the brigade mess was connected with the -one we had previously run out from the left. The -guard-room at Anderson's house was lowered by -digging out the floor, so as to keep the guard clear -of the round shot which passed through it; the -13th mine was also worked eighteen feet further. -A very considerable noise was heard in the city for -some hours after dark. During the day nearly as -many men as usual seen moving about. A private -of Her Majesty's 32nd at Innes' post was killed by -a round shot.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 21st.</i>—Between 12 and 1 o'clock <small>A.M.</small> -the enemy suddenly began a very smart musketry -fire all along the city side of our position, and opened -from their guns. We threw a few shells amongst -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_167" id="Page_167">{167}</a></span> -them; and their fire soon subsided into the usual -steady fire which had gone on every night of the siege.</p> - -<p>About 4 <small>A.M.</small>, we had very heavy rain which -lasted till about 11 <small>A.M.</small> The heavy rain seemed to -keep the enemy quiet, and there was little firing -on either side till 1 <small>P.M.</small>, when one of our 18-pounders -at the Post-office opened on the enemy's -new 32-pounder battery, and knocked their parapet -about, leaving the gun greatly exposed; which -enabled Captain Saunders's garrison to pick off two -of the enemy's gunners at the gun, and keep it silent -for the rest of the day. In the afternoon, the -enemy battered down a great portion of the wall -enclosing the building occupied by the Martiniere -school-boys, and killed a water-carrier who was -drawing water at the time, and who was knocked -dead into the well; which was a great misfortune, -as none of the natives would again use it. The -body was got up soon after. Not many armed men -were seen in the morning beyond the enemy's -regular relief of guards and pickets. At 10 <small>P.M.</small> -heavy rain came on. About 11 <small>P.M.</small> the enemy -were reported to be in unusual strength near the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_168" id="Page_168">{168}</a></span> -Seikh square, on which all were kept well on the -alert. A shell was thrown among them, but nothing -further took place.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 22nd.</i>—Continued heavy rain, which fell -without cessation till about 3 <small>P.M.</small> The garrison -were in a great state of discomfort, as little shelter -was to be had anywhere; the roofs of all the -buildings were so injured from eighty-four days' -constant cannonading that but few could boast of a -waterproof residence. Lieutenant Cunliffe of the -Artillery, died early this morning from fever; he had -previously been wounded. A Seikh sepoy of the -13th, a native artilleryman, two private servants, -and three grass-cutters deserted during the night; -and in the course of the morning four cook boys contrived -to desert during the heavy rain. The rain did -considerable damage to various parts of our defences, -washing down many of the fascines in the batteries, -and causing several parts of the defences at Mr. -Gubbins's and Innes' post to fall down. A great part -of the outside wall of the brigade mess also fell from -the same cause. Towards evening the enemy opened -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169">{169}</a></span> -their guns, and we dismounted one of their 9-pounders -by a shell, which fell on the top of one of them -and killed two gunners. About 11 <small>P.M.</small> Ungud, -pensioner, returned, bringing us a letter containing -the glad tidings that our relieving force, under -General Outram, had crossed the Ganges, and would -arrive in a few days. His arrival, and the cheering -news he brought of speedy aid, was well-timed; for -neither our fast diminishing stores, the vague and -uncertain rumours of the advent of reinforcements, -nor the daily sights and sounds by which we were -surrounded, were calculated to inspire confidence and -check desertion among the servants and camp followers. -All the garrison were greatly elated with -the news, and on many of the sick and wounded, the -speedy prospect of a change of air and security -exercised a most beneficial effect. Heavy rain fell -about 11 <small>P.M.</small></p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 23rd.</i>—About 3 <small>A.M.</small> the rain cleared -off, and at 11 <small>A.M.</small> the sun came out and the clouds -dispersed, and gave promise of fair weather. A -smart cannonade was heard in the direction of Cawnpore; -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_170" id="Page_170">{170}</a></span> -several imagined they also heard musketry, -and the sound was listened to with the most intense -and even painful anxiety by the garrison, who felt -assured it must be their friends advancing to their -assistance. But it was hardly expected that our force -could have advanced so far, owing to the heavy rain -which had fallen, and the state in consequence that -the roads and country were in; however at 5 <small>P.M.</small> -another distant cannonade was heard which lasted for -half an hour, and which appeared much nearer than -before: this elicited many and divers opinions, and -created the greatest possible excitement.</p> - -<p>Throughout the day, large bodies of troops with -guns and ammunition waggons were seen moving -about in the city, in the early part of the day to the -right, and later, in large bodies to the left. In the -afternoon, the enemy placed a gun in position facing -down the Kass bazaar street, with what object it -was impossible to say. We threw many shells into -the city during the day among the parties of the -enemy seen moving about. At 9 <small>P.M.</small> heavy rain -began and fell for two hours.</p> - -<p class="gap-above"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_171" id="Page_171">{171}</a></span> -<i>September 24th.</i>—Everything most unusually -quiet throughout the night, and only one or two -cannon shot were fired early in the morning. A -considerable body of cavalry were seen moving to the -right through the city, and about 8·30 <small>A.M.</small> a distant -cannonade was heard, which continued nearly all day.</p> - -<p>We had no news of any kind, and the anxiety -of the garrison was very great. During the morning, -large bodies of the enemy were seen moving -through the city to the right and left. Ensign -Hewitt, of the 41st Regiment Native Infantry, was -slightly contused on the head by bricks struck out of -a wall by a round shot. At 8 <small>P.M.</small> the enemy made -a false attack on the Cawnpore battery, keeping up -a heavy cannonade and musketry fire which lasted -for about half an hour, after which all became moderately -quiet. During the night guns were heard in -the direction of the Cawnpore road, and the flash of -them could be very distinctly seen; they were supposed -to be about seven miles distant.</p> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<p class="gap-above"><i>September 25th.</i>—A very unquiet night. Two -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_172" id="Page_172">{172}</a></span> -alarms, one at 1·30 <small>A.M.</small> and another at 4 <small>A.M.</small> -The whole garrison were under arms nearly the -whole night. A very great disturbance in the -city, in the direction of Mr. Gubbins's post especially. -To the very great regret of the garrison, -Captain Radcliffe of the 7th Light Cavalry was -dangerously wounded while in command of the -Cawnpore battery. About 10 <small>A.M.</small> a messenger -came in bringing in a letter of the 16th instant -from General Outram, dated Cawnpore, announcing -his being about to cross over to this side of -the Ganges, and march on to Lucknow. The -messenger could give no account of our force, -beyond its having reached the outskirts of the city.</p> - -<p>About 11 <small>A.M.</small> nearly all sound of firing had -ceased, but increased agitation was visible among -the people in the town, in which two large fires -were seen. An hour later, the sound of musketry -and the smoke of guns was distinctly perceived -within the limits of the city. All the garrison was -on the alert, and the excitement amongst many of -the officers and soldiers was quite painful to -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_173" id="Page_173">{173}</a></span> -witness. At 1·30 <small>P.M.</small> many of the people of the -city commenced leaving, with bundles of clothes, &c. -on their heads, and took the direction of cantonments -across the different bridges. At 2 <small>P.M.</small> -armed men and sepoys commenced to follow them, -accompanied by large bodies of Irregular Cavalry. -Every gun and mortar that could be brought to -bear on the evidently retreating enemy, was fired -as fast as possible, for at least an hour and a half. -The enemy's bridge of boats had evidently been -destroyed and broken away, for many were seen -swimming across the river, most of them cavalry -with their horses' bridles in their hands. Strange to -relate, during all this apparent panic, the guns of -the enemy in position all round us kept up a heavy -cannonade, and the matchlockmen or riflemen never -ceased firing from their respective loopholes.</p> - -<p>At 4 <small>P.M.</small> report was made that some officers -dressed in shooting coats and solah caps, a regiment -of Europeans in blue pantaloons and shirts, and a -bullock battery were seen near Mr. Martin's house -and the Motee Muhal. At 5 <small>P.M.</small> volleys of -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_174" id="Page_174">{174}</a></span> -musketry, rapidly growing louder, were heard in the -city. But soon the firing of a minié ball over our -heads gave notice of the still nearer approach of our -friends; of whom as yet little or nothing had been -seen, though the enemy were to be seen firing -heavily on them from many of the roofs of the -houses. Five minutes later, and our troops were -seen fighting their way through one of the principal -streets; and though men fell at almost every step, -yet nothing could withstand the headlong gallantry -of our reinforcements. Once fairly <span class="smcap">SEEN</span>, all our -doubts and fears regarding; them were ended: and -then the garrison's long pent-up feelings of -anxiety and suspense burst forth in a succession -of deafening cheers; from every pit, trench and -battery—from behind the sandbags piled on shattered -houses—from every post still held by a few -gallant spirits, rose cheer on cheer—even from -the hospital! Many of the wounded crawled forth -to join in that glad shout of welcome to those who -had so bravely come to our assistance. It was a -moment never to be forgotten.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_175" id="Page_175">{175}</a></span> -Soon all the rear-guard and heavy guns were -inside our position; and then ensued a scene which -baffles description. For eighty-seven days the -Lucknow garrison had lived in utter ignorance of -all that had taken place outside. Wives who had -long mourned their husbands as dead, were again -restored to them; others, fondly looking forward to -glad meetings with those near and dear to them, -now for the first time learnt that they were alone. -On all sides eager inquiries for relations and friends -were made. Alas! in too many instances the -answer was a painful one.</p> - -<p>The force under the command of General Sir -James Outram, G.C.B., came to our assistance at -a heavy sacrifice to themselves. Of 2600 who left -Cawnpore, nearly one-third was either killed or -wounded in forcing their way through the city: -indeed, the losses were so heavy that they could -effect nothing towards our relief; as the enemy were -in overpowering force, and the position having been -extended, in order to accommodate as far as possible -our great increase in numbers, and the guns that -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_176" id="Page_176">{176}</a></span> -were in our vicinity having been captured at considerable -loss to ourselves, we remained on three-quarter -rations, as closely besieged as before, until -the 22nd November; when the garrison were finally -relieved by the army under the Commander-in-Chief.</p> - -<div class="pagenum"><a name="Page_177" id="Page_177">{177}</a></div> - -<h2>APPENDIX.</h2> - -<h3>No. I.<br /> -<span class="smcap">Captain Radcliffe's</span> (7th Light Cavalry) <span class="smcap">Narrative</span>.</h3> - -<p><span class="smcap">On</span> the evening of the 30th May, about 9 o'clock, shots -were heard at Moodkeepore (the cavalry station), in -the direction of the infantry lines in Lucknow. The -7th Cavalry, consisting of about 150 sabres, immediately -were turned out by their officers, and placed in three -troops. On wheeling into line, about 30 men rushed -out of the ranks, and rode furiously towards cantonments: -they were not seen again. The corps advanced -towards the race-course, towards the Residency, at a -canter, which place they reached about half-past 9 or a -quarter to 10. The regiment received orders to patrol -round the Residency, and in the rear of Colonel Halford's -house, which was done accordingly, and they afterwards -formed up in rear of the lines stationed on the city road.</p> - -<p>About 11 o'clock the 7th Cavalry marched down to -the Baillie Guard, patrolled towards Muchee Bhawun, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_178" id="Page_178">{178}</a></span> -and, finding all safe, returned <i>viâ</i> the stone bridge -through Mukka Gunge, warned all on duty at the -elephant sheds to be on the alert, and reached the Residency -in cantonments about 2 in the morning. At 3 -o'clock the 4th troop arrived from Chinahut, under the -command of Captain T. Boileau. At a quarter after gunfire -the cavalry marched off with the two artillery guns from -the Residency, and took up a position on the right of the -line on the 32nd parade ground. The 7th were directed -to move towards Moodkeepore, which place was reported -to have fallen into the hands of the mutineers. The -corps advanced at a canter, and on reaching the plain -close to the race-course, a large body of armed infantry, -amounting to some 1000 men, were seen advancing in -skirmishing order towards the cavalry. The report was, -as regarded Moodkeepore, too true, for the Standard -Guard was looted, public and private property destroyed, -and the 2nd Squadron standard was actually seized from -the hands of the jemadar in charge, and dashed to pieces.</p> - -<p>Lieutenant Raleigh, who had lately joined the corps, -was brutally murdered at 5 <small>A.M.</small> in front of the first -troop lines. This officer was sick, and unable to join -the regiment the night before when ordered out. The -officer commanding ordered his men to form line to the -front, which was done rather sullenly; but on his ordering -the line to take ground to the right, a number of -men broke out from the ranks, crying out that they -<i>would</i> charge, as their children, etc., were being murdered; -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_179" id="Page_179">{179}</a></span> -they rode away towards the mutineers, having -been beckoned to come over by a leader riding a horse -and bearing a standard. Some thirty-five or forty men -left their officers. At this time an officer was sent back -towards cantonments to request Sir Henry Lawrence to -send up some guns, as the small body of cavalry that -were left alone in front of the insurgents were in danger -of being driven back.</p> - -<p>The guns soon afterwards came up, and after a few -rounds dispersed the enemy. The 7th Cavalry, in -concert with the Irregulars, followed up the retreating -mutineers, killed one or two, and sent in some ten or -twelve prisoners. The corps returned to Moodkeepore -about 10 o'clock, and marched into cantonments in the -evening, and took up a position on the right of the -line. Some 105 men remained with their officers up to -the 12th June, on which date, by authority, they were -given two months' pay, and allowed a furlough to their -homes till the 15th October. The men remaining after -the mutiny behaved admirably in quarters, and when -told they were to go to their homes obeyed the order, -quietly lodging their arms, and moving quietly homewards. -The horses of the corps were marched down to -the Residency at noon of the 12th, and in the evening -the European and native officers, with the standards, -repaired to the Baillie Guard, opposite to which the -cavalry horses were ordered to be picketed.</p> - -<div class="pagenum"><a name="Page_180" id="Page_180">{180}</a></div> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<h3>No. II.<br /> -<span class="smcap">Account of the Explosion at the Seikh Square on 18th of August.</span></h3> - -<div class="top"> -<div class="small right1">(Dated) Lucknow, 19th August, 1857.</div> -</div> - -<p><span class="smcap">Yesterday</span> morning, between the hours of 5 and 6, the -enemy sprung a mine at the Seikh Square, blowing down -the corner house, on the top of which Lieutenant Mecham -and Captain Orr, with two sentries, were on the look out -from the loopholes, Lieutenant Soppitt being below at -the time.</p> - -<p>A few minutes before the explosion not a single -individual was to be seen in the quarter occupied by the -enemy. Suddenly, however, one man was discovered -by a sentry, and Lieutenant Mecham fired at him, but -missed; and immediately after the mine exploded, sending -four of us, viz., Lieutenant Mecham, Band-sergeant -Curtain, of the 41st Native Infantry, Drummer Ford, of -the 13th Native Infantry, and Captain Orr up in the air, -and burying underneath the ruins of the battery six -drummers and one sepoy, <i>i. e.</i>, Wiltshire, Williams, 13th -Native Infantry, E. Curtain, A. Nugent, Rowlan, 41st -Native Infantry, Fife-major Shipley, 4th Oude Irregular -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_181" id="Page_181">{181}</a></span> -Force, and sepoy Heerah Sing, 48th Regiment Native -Infantry. Of the former, I regret to state that Band-sergeant -Curtain was thrown on the enemy's side and -killed; Lieutenant Mecham and Drummer Ford were -almost unhurt, and Captain Orr escaped with a few -bruises.</p> - -<p>Every precaution had been taken by Lieutenants Mecham, -Soppitt, and Captain Orr to guard against all contingencies, -Lieutenant Mecham remaining at night with -the sentries, Lieutenant Soppitt and Captain Orr being -below with the guard, and occasionally visiting the sentries. -Since on duty at the Seikh Battery we had already -discovered two mines, one of which we countermined, -and the other we found to be an abortive attempt at -one. The above discoveries had the effect of making us -doubly vigilant on this point.</p> - -<p>The new mine, which occasioned the calamity of -yesterday, must have been worked by the enemy with -sharp and noiseless tools; as—though a shaft was already -sunk beneath the battery, over which a sentry was -posted, and into which, during our respective tour of -duty, we each occasionally descended for the purpose of -listening whether mining was carried on by the enemy—not -the slightest sound which in any way led us to -suppose the same was the case, ever reached us.</p> - -<p>There was never perfect silence in the square, owing -to the Seikhs' horses being picketed therein, the tramping -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_182" id="Page_182">{182}</a></span> -of whose feet on the ground had more than once -previously deceived us.</p> - -<p>The smoke and dust thrown up enveloping us for some -moments in complete darkness, and the sudden shock of -the explosion, prevented my personally knowing what -subsequently happened.</p> - -<div class="pagenum"><a name="Page_183" id="Page_183">{183}</a></div> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<h3>No. III.<br /> -<span class="smcap">Division Orders by Major-General Sir J. Outram, G.C.B.</span></h3> - -<div class="top"> -<div class="small right1">Head Quarters, Lucknow, 5th October, 1857.</div> -</div> - -<p><span class="smcap">The</span> incessant and arduous duties which have devolved -on Brigadier Inglis and his staff, since the arrival of the -relieving force, had hitherto prevented him from furnishing -to the Major-General Commanding the usual official -documents relative to the siege of the garrison.</p> - -<p>In the absence of these the Major-General could not, -with propriety, have indulged in any public declaration -of the admiration with which he regards the heroism displayed -by Brigadier Inglis and the glorious garrison he -has so ably commanded during the last three months, and -he has been reluctantly obliged therefore to defer so long -the expression of the sentiments he was desirous to offer.</p> - -<p>But the Major-General having at length received Brigadier -Inglis's reports, is relieved from the necessity of -further silence, and he hastens to tender to the Brigadier, -and to every individual member of the garrison, the -assurance of his confidence that their services will be -regarded by the Government under which they are immediately -serving, by the British nation, and by Her -Gracious Majesty, with equal admiration to that with -which he is himself impressed.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_184" id="Page_184">{184}</a></span> -The Major-General believes that the annals of warfare -contain no brighter page than that which will record -the bravery, fortitude, vigilance, and patient endurance -of hardships, privation, and fatigue, displayed by the -garrison of Lucknow; and he is very conscious that his -unskilled pen must needs fail adequately to convey to the -Right Honourable the Governor-General of India, and -his Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, the profound -sense of the merits of that garrison which has been forced -on his mind by a careful consideration of the almost incredible -difficulties with which they have had to contend.</p> - -<p>The term "illustrious" was well and happily applied -by a former Governor-General of India to the garrison -of Jellalabad; but some far more laudatory epithet—if -such the English language contains—is due, the Major-General -considers, to the brave men whom Brigadier -Inglis has commanded with undeviating success and -untarnished honour through the late memorable siege. -For while the devoted band of heroes who so nobly -maintained the honour of their country's arms under Sir -R. Sale were seldom exposed to actual attack, the Lucknow -garrison, of inferior strength, have, in addition to a -series of fierce assaults, gallantly and successfully repulsed, -been for three months exposed to a nearly incessant -fire from strong and commanding positions, held by -an enemy of overwhelming force, possessing powerful artillery, -having at their command the whole resources of -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_185" id="Page_185">{185}</a></span> -what was but recently a kingdom, and animated by an -insane and bloodthirsty fanaticism.</p> - -<p>It is a source of heartfelt satisfaction to the Major-General -to be able, to a certain extent, to confer on the -native portion of the garrison an instalment of those -rewards which their gallant and grateful commander has -sought for them, and which he is very certain the Governor-General -will bestow in full; and though the -Major-General, as regards the European portion of the -garrison, cannot do more than give his most earnest and -hearty support to the recommendations of the Brigadier, -he feels assured that the Governor-General of India will -fully and publicly manifest his appreciation of their distinguished -services, and that our beloved Sovereign will -herself deign to convey to them some gracious expression -of royal approbation of their conduct.</p> - -<p>Brigadier Inglis has borne generous testimony to the -bravery, vigilance, devotedness, and good conduct of all -ranks; and to all ranks, as the local representative of the -British Indian Government, the Major-General tenders -his warmest acknowledgments,—he would fain offer his -special congratulations and thanks to the European and -Eurasian portion of the garrison whom Brigadier Inglis -has particularly noticed, but, by doing so, he would forestall -the Governor-General in the exercise of what, the -Major-General is assured, will be one of the most pleasing -acts of his official life.</p> - -<div class="pagenum"><a name="Page_186" id="Page_186">{186}</a></div> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<h3>No. IV.<br /> -<span class="smcap">From Brigadier Inglis, Commanding Garrison of Lucknow, to the Secretary to Government Military Department, Calcutta.</span></h3> - -<div class="top"> -<div class="small right1">Lucknow, September 26th, 1857.</div> -<div class="left1"><span class="smcap">Sir</span>,</div> -</div> - -<p class="ind"><span class="smcap">In</span> consequence -of the very deeply-to-be-lamented -death of Brigadier-General Sir H. M. Lawrence, K.C.B., -late in command of the Oude Field Force, the duty of -narrating the military events which have occurred at -Lucknow since the 29th of June last has devolved upon -myself.</p> - -<p>On the evening of that day several reports reached -Sir Henry Lawrence that the rebel army, in no very -considerable force, would march from Chinhut (a small -village about eight miles distant, on the road to Fyzabad) -on Lucknow on the following morning; and the -late Brigadier-General therefore determined to make a -strong reconnaissance in that direction, with the view, if -possible, of meeting the force at a disadvantage, either -at its entrance into the suburbs of the city, or at the -bridge across the Gokral, which is a small stream intersecting -Fyzabad road, midway between Lucknow and -Chinhut.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_187" id="Page_187">{187}</a></span> -The force destined for this service, and which was -composed as follows, moved out at 6 <small>A.M.</small> on the morning -of the 30th of June:—</p> - -<p><i>Artillery.</i>—Four guns of No. — Horse Light Field -Battery, four guns of No. 2 Oude Field Battery, two -guns of No. 3 Oude Field Battery, and an 8-inch -howitzer.</p> - -<p><i>Cavalry.</i>—Troop of Volunteer Cavalry, and 120 -troopers of detachments belonging to the 1st, 2nd, and -3rd Regiments of Oude Irregular Cavalry.</p> - -<p><i>Infantry.</i>—Three hundred of Her Majesty's 32nd, -150 of the 13th Native Infantry, 60 of the 48th Native -Infantry, and 20 of the 71st Native Infantry (Sikhs).</p> - -<p>The troops, misled by the reports of wayfarers—who -stated that there were few or no men between Lucknow -and Chinhut—proceeded somewhat farther than had -been originally intended, and suddenly fell in with the -enemy, who had up to that time eluded the vigilance of -the advanced guard, by concealing themselves behind a -long line of trees in overwhelming numbers. The European -force and the howitzer, with the native infantry, -held the foe in check for some time, and had the six -guns of the Oude Artillery been faithful, and the Sikh -cavalry shown a better front, the day would have been -won, in spite of an immense disparity in numbers. But -the Oude artillerymen and drivers were traitors. They -overturned the guns into ditches, cut the traces of their -horses, and abandoned them, regardless of the remonstrances -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_188" id="Page_188">{188}</a></span> -and exertions of their own officers, and of those -of Sir Henry Lawrence's staff, headed by the Brigadier-General -in person, who himself drew his sword upon -these rebels. Every effort to induce them to stand -having proved ineffectual, the force, exposed to a vastly -superior fire of artillery, and completely outflanked on -both sides by an overpowering body of infantry and -cavalry, which actually got into our rear, was compelled -to retire with the loss of three pieces of artillery, which -fell into the hands of the enemy, in consequence of the rank -treachery of the Oude gunners, and with a very grievous -list of killed and wounded. The heat was dreadful, the -gun ammunition was expended, and the almost total -want of cavalry to protect our rear made our retreat -most disastrous.</p> - -<p>All the officers behaved well, and the exertions of the -small body of Volunteer Cavalry—only forty in number—under -Captain Radcliffe, 7th Light Cavalry, were most -praiseworthy. Sir Henry Lawrence subsequently conveyed -his thanks to myself, who had, at his request, accompanied -him upon this occasion (Colonel Case being -in command of Her Majesty's 32nd). He also expressed -his approbation of the way in which his Staff—Captain -Wilson, officiating deputy assistant adjutant-general; -Lieutenant James, sub-assistant commissary-general; Captain -Edgel, officiating military secretary; and Mr. Couper, -C.S.—the last of whom had acted as Sir Henry Lawrence's -A.D.C. from the commencement of the disturbances,—had -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_189" id="Page_189">{189}</a></span> -conducted themselves throughout this arduous -day. Sir Henry further particularly mentioned that he -would bring the gallant conduct of Captain Radcliffe and -of Lieutenant Bonham, of the Artillery, (who worked the -howitzer successfully until incapacitated by a wound,) to -the prominent notice of the Government of India. The -manner in which Lieutenant Birch, 71st Native Infantry, -cleared a village with a party of Sikh skirmishes, also -elicited the admiration of the Brigadier-General. The -conduct of Lieutenant Hardinge, who, with his handful of -horse, covered the retreat of the rear-guard, was extolled -by Sir Henry, who expressed his intention of mentioning -the services of this gallant officer to his Lordship in -Council. Lieutenant-Colonel Case, who commanded Her -Majesty's 32nd Regiment, was mortally wounded whilst -gallantly leading on his men. The service had not a more -deserving officer. The command devolved on Captain -Steevens, who also received a death-wound shortly afterwards. -The command then fell to Captain Mansfield, -who has since died of cholera.</p> - -<p>It will be in the recollection of his Lordship in Council -that it was the original intention of Sir Henry Lawrence -to occupy not only the Residency, but also the fort called -Muchee Bhawun—an old dilapidated edifice, which had -been hastily repaired for the occasion, though the defences -were, even at the last moment, very far from complete, -and were, moreover, commanded by many houses in the -city. The situation of the Muchee Bhawun, with regard -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_190" id="Page_190">{190}</a></span> -to the Residency, has already been described to the Government -of India.</p> - -<p>The untoward event of June the 30th so far diminished -the whole available force that we had not a sufficient -number of men remaining to occupy both positions. The -Brigadier-General, therefore, on the evening of July the -1st signalled to the garrison of the Muchee Bhawun to -evacuate and blow up that fortress in the course of the -night. The orders were ably carried out, and at 12 <small>P.M.</small> -the force marched into the Residency, with their guns and -treasure, without the loss of a man; and shortly afterwards -the explosion of 240 barrels of gunpowder and -6,000,000 ball cartridges, which were lying in the magazine, -announced to Sir Henry Lawrence and his officers, -who were anxiously awaiting the report, the complete -destruction of that post and all that it contained. If it -had not been for this wise and strategic measure, no -member of the Lucknow garrison, in all probability, -would have survived to tell the tale; for, as has already -been stated, the Muchee Bhawun was commanded from -other parts of the town, and was, moreover, indifferently -provided with heavy artillery ammunition; while the -difficulty, suffering, and loss which the Residency garrison, -even with the reinforcement thus obtained from the -Muchee Bhawun, has undergone in holding the position, -is sufficient to show that if the original intention of holding -both posts had been adhered to, both would have -inevitably fallen.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_191" id="Page_191">{191}</a></span> -It is now my very painful duty to relate the calamity -which befell us at the commencement of the siege. On -the 1st July an 8-inch shell burst in the room in the -Residency in which Sir H. Lawrence was sitting. The -missile burst between him and Mr. Couper, close to both; -but without injury to either. The whole of his staff -implored Sir Henry to take up other quarters, as the -Residency had then become the special target for the -round shot and shell of the enemy. This, however, he -jestingly declined to do, observing that another shell -would certainly never be pitched into that small room. -But Providence had ordained otherwise, for on the very -next day he was mortally wounded by the fragment of -another shell which burst in the same room exactly at -the same spot. Captain Wilson, deputy assistant adjutant-general, -received a contusion at the same time.</p> - -<p>The late lamented Sir H. Lawrence, knowing that his -last hour was rapidly approaching, directed me to assume -command of the troops, and appointed Major Banks to -succeed him in the office of Chief Commissioner. He -lingered in great agony till the morning of the 4th July, -when he expired, and the Government was thereby deprived, -if I may venture to say so, of the services of a -distinguished statesman and a most gallant soldier. Few -men have ever possessed to the same extent the power he -enjoyed of winning the hearts of all those with whom he -came in contact, and thus ensuring the warmest and -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_192" id="Page_192">{192}</a></span> -most zealous devotion for himself and for the Government -which he served. The successful defence of the -position has been, under Providence, solely attributable -to the foresight which he evinced in the timely commencement -of the necessary operations, and the great -skill and untiring personal activity which he exhibited in -carrying them into effect. All ranks possessed such confidence -in his judgment and his fertility of resource, that -the news of his fall was received throughout the garrison -with feelings of consternation only second to the grief -which was inspired in the hearts of all by the loss of a -public benefactor and a warm personal friend. Feeling -as keenly and as gratefully as I do the obligations that -the whole of us are under to this great and good man, I -trust the Government of India will pardon me for having -attempted, however imperfectly, to portray them. In -him every good and deserving soldier lost a friend and a -chief capable of discriminating, and ever on the alert to -reward merit, no matter how humble the sphere in which -it was exhibited.</p> - -<p>The garrison had scarcely recovered the shock which -it had sustained in the loss of its revered and beloved -General, when it had to mourn the death of that able and -respected officer, Major Banks, the officiating chief commissioner, -who received a bullet through his head while -examining a critical outpost on the 21st July, and died -without a groan. The description of our position, and -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_193" id="Page_193">{193}</a></span> -the state of our defences when the siege began, are so -fully set forth in the memorandum furnished by the -garrison engineer, that I shall content myself with bringing -to the notice of his Lordship in Council the fact that when -the blockade was commenced, only two of our batteries -were completed, part of the defences were yet in an unfinished -condition, and the buildings in the immediate -vicinity, which gave cover to the enemy, were only -very partially cleared away. Indeed, our heaviest losses -have been caused by the fire from the enemy's sharp-shooters -stationed in the adjoining mosques and houses of -the native nobility, the necessity of destroying which had -been repeatedly drawn to the attention of Sir Henry by -the staff of engineers. But his invariable reply was, -"Spare the holy places, and private property too, as much -as possible;" and we have consequently suffered severely -from our very tenderness to the religious prejudices -and respect to the rights of our rebellious citizens and -soldiery. As soon as the enemy had thoroughly completed -the investment of the Residency, they occupied -these houses, some of which were within easy pistol-shot -of our barricades, in immense force, and rapidly made -loopholes on those sides which bore on our post, from -which they kept up a terrific and incessant fire day -and night, which caused many daily casualties, as there -could not have been less than 8,000 men firing at -one time into our position. Moreover, there was no -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194">{194}</a></span> -place in the whole of our works that could be considered -safe, for several of the sick and wounded who were lying -in the banqueting hall, which had been turned into a -hospital, were killed in the very centre of the building, -and the widow of Lieutenant Dorin and other women -and children were shot dead in rooms into which it had -not been previously deemed possible that a bullet could -penetrate. Neither were the enemy idle in erecting batteries. -They soon had from twenty to twenty-five guns -in position, some of them of very large calibre. These -were planted all round our post at small distances, some -being actually within fifty yards of our defences, but in -places where our own heavy guns could not reply to -them, while the perseverance and ingenuity of the enemy -in erecting barricades in front of, and around, their guns -in a very short time, rendered all attempts to silence them -by musketry unavailing. Neither could they be effectually -silenced by shells, by reason of their extreme -proximity to our position, and because, moreover, the -enemy had recourse to digging very narrow trenches -about eight feet in depth in rear of each gun, in which -the men lay while our shells were flying, and which so -effectually concealed them, even while working the gun, -that our baffled sharp-shooters could only see their hands -while in the act of loading.</p> - -<p>The enemy contented themselves with keeping up this -incessant fire of cannon and musketry until the 20th -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_195" id="Page_195">{195}</a></span> -July, on which day, at 10 <small>A.M.</small>, they assembled in very -great force all round our position, and exploded a heavy -mine inside our outer line of defences at the Water -Gate. The mine, however, which was close to the -Redan, and apparently sprung with the intention of -destroying that battery, did no harm. But as soon as -the smoke had cleared away, the enemy boldly advanced -under cover of a tremendous fire of cannon and musketry, -with the object of storming the Redan. But they were -received with such a heavy fire, that after a short -struggle they fell back with much loss. A strong -column advanced at the same time to attack Innes' post, -and came on to within ten yards of the palisades, affording -to Lieutenant Loughnan, 13th Native Infantry, who -commanded the position, and his brave garrison, composed -of gentlemen of the Uncovenanted Service, a few of -Her Majesty's 32nd Foot and the 13th Native Infantry, -an opportunity of distinguishing themselves, which they -were not slow to avail themselves of, and the enemy -were driven back with great slaughter. The insurgents -made minor attacks at almost every outpost, but were -invariably defeated, and at 2 <small>P.M.</small> they ceased their -attempts to storm the place, although their musketry fire -and cannonading continued to harass us unceasingly as -usual. Matters proceeded in this manner until the 10th -August, when the enemy made another assault, having previously -sprung a mine close to the brigade mess, which entirely -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_196" id="Page_196">{196}</a></span> -destroyed our defences for the space of twenty feet, -and blew in a great portion of the outside wall of the -house occupied by Mr. Shilling's garrison. On the dust -clearing away, a breach appeared, through which a regiment -could have advanced in perfect order, and a few of -the enemy came on with the utmost determination, but -were met with such a withering flank fire of musketry -from the officers and men holding the top of the brigade -mess, that they beat a speedy retreat, leaving the -more adventurous of their numbers lying on the crest of -the breach. While this operation was going on, another -large body advanced on the Cawnpore battery, and succeeded -in locating themselves for a few minutes in the -ditch. They were, however, dislodged by hand-grenades. -At Captain Anderson's post they also came boldly forward -with scaling ladders, which they planted against the wall; -but here, as elsewhere, they were met with the most indomitable -resolution, and the leaders being slain, the rest fled, -leaving the ladders, and retreated to their batteries and -loopholed defences, from whence they kept up, for the rest -of the day, an unusually heavy cannonade and musketry -fire. On the 18th August the enemy sprang another -mine in front of the Sikh lines with very fatal effect. -Captain Orr (unattached), Lieutenants Mecham and -Soppitt, who commanded the small body of drummers -composing the garrison, were blown into the air; but -providentially returned to earth with no further injury -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_197" id="Page_197">{197}</a></span> -than a severe shaking. The garrison, however, were not -so fortunate. No less than eleven men were buried alive -under the ruins, from whence it was impossible to extricate -them, owing to the tremendous fire kept up by the -enemy from houses situated not ten yards in front of the -breach. The explosion was followed by a general assault -of a less determined nature than the two former -efforts, and the enemy were consequently repulsed without -much difficulty. But they succeeded, under cover of -the breach, in establishing themselves in one of the houses -in our position, from which they were driven in the -evening by the bayonets of Her Majesty's 32nd and 84th -Foot. On the 5th of September the enemy made their -last serious assault. Having exploded a large mine, a -few feet short of the bastion of the 18-pounder gun, in -Major Apthorp's post, they advanced with large heavy -scaling ladders, which they planted against the wall, and -mounted, thereby gaining for an instant the embrasure of -a gun. They were, however, speedily driven back with -loss by hand-grenades and musketry. A few minutes -subsequently they sprung another mine close to the brigade -mess, and advanced boldly; but soon the corpses -strewed in the garden in front of the post bore testimony -to the fatal accuracy of the rifle and musketry fire of the -gallant members of that garrison, and the enemy fed -ignominiously, leaving their leader—a fine-looking old -native officer—among the slain. At other posts they -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_198" id="Page_198">{198}</a></span> -made similar attacks, but with less resolution, and everywhere -with the same want of success. Their loss upon -this day must have been very heavy, as they came on -with much determination, and at night they were seen -bearing large numbers of their killed and wounded over -the bridges in the direction of cantonments.</p> - -<p>The above is a faint attempt at a description of the four -great struggles which have occurred during this protracted -season of exertion, exposure, and suffering. His -Lordship in Council will perceive that the enemy invariably -commenced his attacks by the explosion of a mine,—a -species of offensive warfare, for the exercise of which -our position was unfortunately peculiarly situated; and -had it not been for the most untiring vigilance on our -part, in watching and blowing up their mines before they -were completed, the assaults would probably have been -much more numerous, and might, perhaps, have ended in -the capture of the place. But by countermining in all -directions, we succeeded in detecting and destroying no -less than four of the enemy's subterraneous advances -towards important positions, two of which operations were -eminently successful, as on one occasion not less than -eighty of them were blown into the air, and twenty -suffered a similar fate on the second explosion. The -labour, however, which devolved upon us in making -these counter-mines, in the absence of a body of skilled -miners, was very heavy. The Right Honourable the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_199" id="Page_199">{199}</a></span> -Governor-General in Council will feel that it would be -impossible to crowd, within the limits of a despatch, even -the principal events, much more the individual acts of -gallantry, which have marked this protracted struggle. -But I can conscientiously declare my conviction, that -few troops have ever undergone greater hardships, exposed -as they have been to a never-ceasing musketry fire -and cannonade. They have also experienced the alternate -vicissitudes of extreme wet and intense heat, and -that too with very insufficient shelter from either, and in -many places without any shelter at all. In addition to -having to repel real attacks, they have been exposed -night and day to the hardly less harassing false alarms -which the enemy have been constantly raising. The -insurgents have frequently fired very heavily, sounded -the advance, and shouted for several hours together, -though not a man could be seen, with the view, of course, -of harassing our small and exhausted force; in which -object they succeeded, for no part has been strong enough -to allow of a portion only of the garrison being prepared -in the event of a false attack being turned into a real one. -All, therefore, had to stand to their arms, and to remain -at their posts until the demonstration had ceased; and -such attacks were of almost nightly occurrence. The -whole of the officers and men have been on duty night -and day during the eighty-seven days which the siege -had lasted, up to the arrival of Sir J. Outram, G.C.B.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_200" id="Page_200">{200}</a></span> -In addition to this incessant military duty, the force -has been nightly employed in repairing defences, in -moving guns, in burying dead animals, in conveying ammunition -and commissariat stores from one place to -another, and in other fatigue duties too numerous and too -trivial to enumerate here. I feel, however, that any -words of mine will fail to convey any adequate idea of -what our fatigue and labours have been—labours in -which all ranks and all classes, civilians, officers, and -soldiers, have all borne an equally noble part. All have -together descended into the mine; all have together -handled the shovel for the interment of the putrid bullock; -and all, accoutred with musket and bayonet, have -relieved each other on sentry, without regard to the distinctions -of rank, civil or military. Notwithstanding all -these hardships, the garrison has made no less than five -sorties, in which they spiked two of the enemy's heaviest -guns, and blew up several of the houses from which they -had kept up the most harassing fire. Owing to the -extreme paucity of our numbers, each man was taught to -feel that on his own individual efforts alone depended in -no small measure the safety of the entire position. This -consciousness incited every officer, soldier, and man to -defend the post assigned to him with such desperate -tenacity, and fight for the lives which Providence had -intrusted to his care with such dauntless determination, -that the enemy, despite their constant attacks, their heavy -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_201" id="Page_201">{201}</a></span> -mines, their overwhelming numbers, and their incessant -fire, could never succeed in gaining one inch of -ground within the bounds of this straggling position, -which was so feebly fortified, that had they once obtained -a footing in any of the outposts, the whole place must -inevitably have fallen.</p> - -<p>If further proof be wanting of the desperate nature of -the struggle which we have, under God's blessing, so long -and so successfully waged, I would point to the roofless and -ruined houses, to the crumpled walls, to the exploded mines, -to the open breaches, to the shattered and disabled guns -and defences, and lastly to the long and melancholy list of -the brave and devoted officers and men who have fallen. -These silent witnesses bear sad and solemn testimony to -the way in which this feeble position has been defended. -During the early part of these vicissitudes, we were -left without any information whatever regarding the -posture of affairs outside. An occasional spy did indeed -come in with the object of inducing our sepoys and servants -to desert; but the intelligence derived from such -sources was, of course, entirely untrustworthy. We sent -our messengers, daily calling for aid and asking for information, -none of whom ever returned until the 26th -day of the siege, when a pensioner named Ungud -came back with a letter from General Havelock's camp, -informing us that they were advancing with a force -sufficient to bear down all opposition, and would be with -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_202" id="Page_202">{202}</a></span> -us in five or six days. A messenger was immediately -despatched, requesting that on the evening of their arrival -on the outskirts of the city, two rockets might be sent -up, in order that we might take the necessary measures -for assisting them in forcing their way in. The sixth -day, however, expired, and they came not; but for many -evenings after officers and men watched for the ascension -of the expected rockets, with hopes such as make the -heart sick. We knew not then, nor did we learn until -the 29th of August—or thirty-five days later—that the -relieving force, after having fought most nobly to effect -our deliverance, had been obliged to fall back for reinforcements, -and this was the last communication we -received until two days before the arrival of Sir James -Outram on Sept. 25th.</p> - -<p>Besides heavy visitations of cholera and smallpox, we -have also had to contend against a sickness which has -almost universally pervaded the garrison. Commencing -with a very painful eruption it has merged into a low -fever, combined with diarrhœa; and although few or no -men have actually died from its effects, it leaves behind a -weakness and lassitude which, in the absence of all material -sustenance, save coarse beef and still coarser flour, -none have been able entirely to get over. The mortality -among the women and children, and especially among the -latter, from these diseases and from other causes, has been -perhaps the most characteristic of the siege. The want -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_203" id="Page_203">{203}</a></span> -of native servants has also been a source of much privation. -Owing to the suddenness with which we were -besieged, many of these people who might perhaps have -otherwise proved faithful to their employers, but who -were outside of the defences at the time, were altogether -excluded. Very many more deserted, and several families -were consequently left without the services of a single -domestic. Several ladies have had to tend their children, -and even to wash their own clothes, as well as to cook -their scanty meals entirely unaided. Combined with the -absence of servants, the want of proper accommodation -has probably been the cause of much of the disease with -which we have been afflicted. I cannot refrain from -bringing to the prominent notice of his Lordship in Council -the patient endurance and the Christian resignation -which have been evinced by the women of this garrison. -They have animated us by their example. Many, alas! -have been made widows and their children fatherless in -this cruel struggle. But all such seem resigned to the -will of Providence, and many, among whom may be mentioned -the honoured names of Birch, of Polehampton, of -Barbor, and of Gall, have, after the example of Miss -Nightingale, constituted themselves the tender and solicitous -nurses of the wounded and dying soldiers in the -hospital.</p> - -<p>It only remains for me to bring to the favourable notice -of his Lordship in Council the names of those officers -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_204" id="Page_204">{204}</a></span> -who have most distinguished themselves, and afforded me -the most valuable assistance in these operations. Many of -the best and bravest of these now rest from their labours. -Among them are Lieutenant-Colonel Case and Captain -Radcliffe, whose services have already been narrated. -Captain Francis, 13th Native Infantry—who was killed -by a round shot—had particularly attracted the attention -of Sir H. Lawrence for his conduct while in command of -the Muchee Bhawun; Captain Fulton, of the Engineers, -who also was struck by a round shot, had, up to the time -of his early and lamented death, afforded me the most invaluable -aid; he was indeed indefatigable; Major Anderson, -the chief Engineer, though, from the commencement -of the siege, incapable of physical exertion from the -effects of the disease under which he eventually sank, -merited my warm acknowledgments for his able counsel. -Captain Simons, commandant of artillery, distinguished -himself at Chinhut, where he received the two wounds -which ended in his death; Lieutenants Shepherd and -Arthur, 7th Light Cavalry, who were killed at their -posts; Captain Hughes, 57th Native Infantry, who was -mortally wounded at the capture of a house which formed -one of the enemy's outposts; Captain M'Cabe, of the -32nd Foot, who was killed at the head of his men while -leading his fourth sortie, as well as Captain Mansfield, of -the same corps, who died of cholera—were all officers who -had distinguished themselves highly. Mr. Lucas too, a -gentleman volunteer, and Mr. Boyson, of the Uncovenanted -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_205" id="Page_205">{205}</a></span> -Service—who fell when on the look-out at one -of the most perilous outposts—had earned themselves -reputations for coolness and gallantry.</p> - -<p>The officers who commanded outposts—Lieutenant-Colonel -Master, 7th Light Cavalry; Major Apthorp, -and Captain Sanders, 41st Native Infantry; Captain -Boileau, 7th Light Cavalry; Captain Germon, 13th -Native Infantry; Lieutenant Aitkin, and Lieutenant -Loughnan, of the same corps; Captain Anderson, 25th -Native Infantry; Lieutenant Graydon, 44th Native -Infantry; Lieutenant Langmore, 71st Native Infantry; -and Mr. Schilling, principal of the Martiniere College—have -all conducted ably the duties of their onerous -position. No further proof of this is necessary than the -fact which I have before mentioned, that throughout the -whole duration of the siege, the enemy were not only -unable to take, but they could not even succeed in -gaining, one inch of the posts commanded by these gallant -gentlemen. Colonel Master commanded the critical and -important post of the brigade mess, on either side of -which was an open breach, only flanked by his handful -of riflemen and musketeers. Lieutenant Aitkin, with the -whole of the 13th Native Infantry, which remained to us -with the exception of their Sikhs, commanded the Baillie -Guard—perhaps the most important position in the -whole of the defences; and Lieutenant Langmore, with -the remnant of his regiment (the 71st), held a very exposed -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_206" id="Page_206">{206}</a></span> -position between the Hospital and the Water -Gate. This gallant and deserving young soldier and his -men were entirely without shelter from the weather, both -by night and by day.</p> - -<p>My thanks are also due to Lieutenants Anderson, -Hutchinson, and Innes, of the Engineers, as well as -Lieutenant Tulloch, 58th Native Infantry, and Lieutenant -Hay, 48th Native Infantry, who were placed under -them to aid in the arduous duties devolving upon that -department. Lieutenant Thomas, Madras Artillery, who -commanded that arm of the service for some weeks, and -Lieutenants Macfarlane and Bonham, rendered me the -most effectual assistance. I was, however, deprived of -the services of the two latter, who were wounded, -Lieutenant Bonham no less than three times, early in the -siege. Captain Evans, 17th Bombay Native Infantry, who, -owing to the scarcity of artillery officers, was put in -charge of some guns, was ever to be found at his post.</p> - -<p>Major Lowe, commanding Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment; -Captain Bassano, Lieutenants Lawrence, Edmonstoune, -Foster, Harmar, Cooke, Clery, Browne, and -Charlton, of that corps, have all nobly performed their -duty. Every one of these officers, with the exception of -Lieutenants Lawrence and Clery, have received one or -more wounds of more or less severity. Quartermaster -Stribbling, of the same corps, also conducted himself to -my satisfaction.</p> - -<p>Captain O'Brien, Her Majesty's 84th Foot; Captain -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_207" id="Page_207">{207}</a></span> -Kemble, 41st Native Infantry; Captain Edgell, 53rd -Native Infantry; Captain Dinning, Lieutenant Sewell, -and Lieutenant Worsley, of the 71st Native Infantry; -Lieutenant Warner, 7th Local Corps; Ensign Ward, 48th -Native Infantry (who, when most of our artillery officers -were killed or disabled, worked the mortars with excellent -effect); Lieutenant Graham, 11th Native Infantry; -Lieutenant Mecham, 4th Oude Locals; and Lieutenant -Keir, 41st Native Infantry, have all done good and willing -service throughout the siege, and I trust that they will -receive the favourable notice of his Lordship in Council.</p> - -<p>I beg particularly to call the attention of the Government -of India to the untiring industry, the extreme -devotion, and the great skill which have been evinced by -Surgeon Scott (superintending surgeon), and Assistant-surgeon -Boyd, of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot; Assistant-surgeon -Bird, of the Artillery; Surgeon Campbell, 7th Light -Cavalry; Surgeon Brydon, 7th Native Infantry; Surgeon -Ogilvie, sanitary commissioner; Assistant-surgeon Fayrer, -civil surgeon; Assistant-surgeon Partridge, 2nd Oude -Irregular Cavalry; Assistant-surgeon Greenhow; Assistant-surgeon -Darby, and by Mr. Apothecary Thompson, in -the discharge of their onerous and most important duties.</p> - -<p>Messrs. Thornhill and Capper, of the Civil Service, -have been both wounded, and the way in which they, as -well as Mr. Martin, the deputy commissioner of Lucknow, -conducted themselves, entitles them to a place in this -despatch. Captain Carnegie, the special assistant commissioner, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_208" id="Page_208">{208}</a></span> -whose invaluable service previous to the commencement -of the siege I have frequently heard warmly -dilated upon, both by Sir H. Lawrence and by Major Banks, -and whose exertions will probably be more amply brought -to notice by the civil authorities on some future occasion, -has conducted the office of provost marshal to my satisfaction. -The Reverend Mr. Harris and the Reverend -Mr. Polehampton, assistant chaplains, vied with each -other in their untiring care and attention to the suffering -men. The latter gentleman was wounded in the hospital, -and subsequently unhappily died of cholera. Mr. M'Crae, -of the Civil Engineers, did excellent service, at the guns, -until he was severely wounded. Mr. Cameron, also, a -gentleman who had come to Oude to inquire into the -resources of the country, acquired the whole mystery of -mortar practice, and was of the most signal service until -incapacitated by sickness. Mr. Marshall, of the road -department, and other members of the Uncovenanted -Service, whose names will, on a subsequent occasion, be -laid before the Government of India, conducted themselves -bravely and steadily. Indeed, the entire body of -these gentlemen have borne themselves well, and have -evinced great coolness under fire.</p> - -<p>I have now only to bring to the notice of the Right -Honourable the Governor-General in Council the conduct -of the several officers who composed my staff:—Lieutenant -James, sub-assistant commissary-general, was -severely wounded by a shot through the knee at Chinhut, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_209" id="Page_209">{209}</a></span> -notwithstanding which he refused to go upon the -sick list, and carried on his most trying duties throughout -the entire siege. It is not too much to say that the -garrison owe their lives to the exertions and firmness of -this officer. Before the struggle commenced, he was -ever in the saddle, getting in supplies, and his untiring -vigilance in their distribution after our difficulties had -begun, prevented a waste which otherwise, long before -the expiration of the eighty-seven days, might have annihilated -the force by the slow process of starvation.</p> - -<p>Captain Wilson, 13th Native Infantry, officiating deputy-assistant -adjutant-general, was ever to be found -where shot was flying thickest; and I am at a loss to -decide whether his services were more invaluable owing -to the untiring physical endurance and bravery which -he displayed, or to his ever-ready and pertinent counsel -and advice in moments of difficulty and danger.</p> - -<p>Lieutenant Hardinge, an officer whose achievements -and antecedents are well known to the Government of -India, has earned fresh laurels by his conduct throughout -the siege. He was officiating as deputy-assistant quartermaster-general, -and also commanded the Sikh portion of -the cavalry of the garrison. In both capacities his services -have been invaluable, especially in the latter, for it -was owing alone to his tact, vigilance, and bravery, that -the Sikh horsemen were induced to persevere in holding -a very unprotected post under a heavy fire.</p> - -<p>Lieutenant Barwell, 71st Native Infantry, the fort adjutant -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_210" id="Page_210">{210}</a></span> -and officiating major of brigade, has proved himself -to be an efficient officer.</p> - -<p>Lieutenant Birch, of the 71st Native Infantry, has -been my aide-de-camp throughout the siege. I firmly -believe there never was a better aide-de-camp. He has -been indefatigable, and ever ready to lead a sortie, or to -convey an order to a threatened outpost under the heaviest -fire. On one of these occasions he received a slight wound -on the head. I beg to bring the services of this most -promising and intelligent young officer to the favourable -consideration of his Lordship in Council.</p> - -<p>I am also much indebted to Mr. Cooper, Civil Service, -for the assistance he has on many occasions afforded me -by his judicious advice. I have, moreover, ever found -him most ready and willing in the performance of the -military duties assigned to him, however exposed the post -or arduous the undertaking. He commenced his career -in Her Majesty's service, and consequently had had some -previous experience of military matters. If the road to -Cawnpore had been made clear by the advent of our -troops, it was my intention to have deputed this officer to -Calcutta, to detail in person the occurrences which have -taken place, for the information of the Government of -India. I still hope that when our communications shall -be once more unopposed he may be summoned to Calcutta -for this purpose.</p> - -<p>Lastly, I have the pleasure of bringing the splendid -behaviour of the soldiers, viz., the men of Her Majesty's -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_211" id="Page_211">{211}</a></span> -32nd Foot, the small detachment of Her Majesty's 84th -Foot, the European and Native Artillery, the 13th, 48th, -and 71st Regiments of Native Infantry, and the Sikhs -of the respective corps, to the notice of the Government -of India. The losses sustained by Her Majesty's 32nd, -which is now barely 300 strong; by Her Majesty's 84th, -and by the European Artillery, show at least that they -knew how to die in the cause of their countrymen. -Their conduct under the fire, the exposure, and the -privations which they had to undergo, has been throughout -most admirable and praiseworthy.</p> - -<p>As another instance of the desperate character of our -defence, and the difficulties we have had to contend with, -I may mention that the number of our artillerymen was -so reduced that on the occasion of an attack, the gunners, -aided as they were by men of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot, -and by volunteers of all classes, had to run from one -battery to another, wherever the fire of the enemy was -hottest, there not being nearly enough men to serve half -the number of guns at the same time. In short, at last, -the number of European gunners was only twenty-four, -while we had, including mortars, no less than thirty guns -in position.</p> - -<p>With respect to the native troops, I am of opinion that -their loyalty has never been surpassed. They were indifferently -fed and worse housed. They were exposed—especially -the 13th Regiment—under the gallant Lieutenant -Aitken, to a most galling fire of round shot and -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_212" id="Page_212">{212}</a></span> -musketry, which materially decreased their numbers. -They were so near the enemy that conversation could be -carried on between them; and every effort, persuasion, -promise, and threat was alternately resorted to, in vain, to -seduce them from their allegiance to the handful of Europeans, -who, in all probability, would have been sacrificed -by their desertion. All the troops behaved nobly, and -the names of those men of the native force who have particularly -distinguished themselves, have been laid before -Major-General Sir James Outram, G.C.B., who has -promised to promote them. Those of the European force -will be transmitted in due course for the orders of His -Royal Highness the General Commanding-in-Chief.</p> - -<p>In conclusion, I beg leave to express, on the part of -myself and the members of this garrison, our deep and -grateful sense of the conduct of Major-General Sir J. -Outram, G.C.B.; of Brigadier-General Havelock, C.B., -and of the troops under those officers who so devotedly -came to our relief at so heavy a sacrifice of life. -We are also repaid for much suffering and privation by -the sympathy which our brave deliverers say our perilous -and unfortunate position has excited for us in the hearts -of our countrymen throughout the length and breadth of -Her Majesty's dominions.—I have, &c.,</p> - -<div class="foot"> -<div class="right3">(Signed) <span class="smcap">T. Inglis,</span></div> -<div class="right1">Colonel, Her Majesty's 32nd, Brigadier.</div> -</div> - -<div class="pagenum"><a name="Page_213" id="Page_213">{213}</a></div> - -<div class="section"></div> - -<h3>No. V.<br /> -<span class="center smcap">A complete nominal list of the officers, members of the -Uncovenanted Service, and women and children of the Lucknow garrison.</span></h3> - -<p class="center small"><i>From the Homeward Mail.<br /> -As the return proceeded from an official source the authenticity -may be fully relied on.</i></p> - -<h4>General Staff.</h4> - -<p>Brigadier-General Sir H. M. Lawrence, chief commissioner, -killed; Lieutenant Hutchinson, aide-de-camp; -Captain Hayes, military secretary, killed; Captain Edgell, -officiating; Captain Wilson, deputy assistant-adjutant-general, -contused, recovered; Lieutenant Hardinge, deputy -assistant quartermaster-general, twice wounded, recovered; -Lieutenant James, sub-assistant commissary -general, wounded, doing well; Major Anderson, chief -engineer, dead; Major Marriott, pension-paymaster.</p> - -<h4>Brigade Staff.</h4> - -<p>Brigadier Handscomb, commanding Oude brigade, -killed; Brigadier Inglis, commanding the garrison; Lieutenant -Birch, aide-de-camp, slightly wounded, recovered; -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_214" id="Page_214">{214}</a></span> -Lieutenant Barwell, town and fort adjutant, officiating -major of brigade; Captain Carnegie, provost marshal.</p> - -<h4>Artillery.</h4> - -<p>Captain Simons, wounded, since dead; First Lieutenant -Alexander, wounded, recovered, since killed; First Lieutenant -Thomas (Madras); Second Lieutenant Lewin, -killed; Lieutenant Brice, wounded, since dead; Second -Lieutenant Bonham, wounded three times, doing well; -Second Lieutenant J. Alexander, slightly wounded, recovered; -Second Lieutenant MacFarlan, wounded, doing -well; Second Lieutenant Cunliffe, wounded, since dead.</p> - -<h4>Engineers.</h4> - -<p>Captain Fulton, garrison engineer, killed; Lieutenant -Anderson (Madras) officiating; Lieutenant Innes.</p> - -<h4>7th Regiment Light Cavalry.</h4> - -<p>Lieutenant-Colonel Master; Captain Staples, killed; -Captain Radcliffe, wounded, since dead; Captain Boileau, -slightly wounded, recovered; Lieutenant Arthur, killed; -Lieutenant Boulton, killed; Lieutenant Warner, adjutant; -Lieutenant Martin, killed; Lieutenant Farquhar, -wounded, convalescent; Lieutenant Raleigh, killed; Surgeon -Campbell; veterinary surgeon Hely, killed; riding -master Eldridge, killed.</p> - -<div class="pagenum"><a name="Page_215" id="Page_215">{215}</a></div> - -<h4>Her Majesty's 32nd Foot.</h4> - -<p>Lieutenant-Colonel Case, killed; Major Lowe, commanding, -twice wounded, doing well; Captain Stevens, -killed; Captain Mansfield, dead; Captain Power, wounded, -since dead; Captain Bassano, wounded, recovered; Captain -M'Cabe, mortally wounded, since dead; Lieutenant -Lawrence; Lieutenant Edmonstoune, twice wounded, -doing well; Lieutenant Webb, killed; Lieutenant Foster, -wounded, recovered; Lieutenant Clery; Lieutenant -Brown; Lieutenant Brackenbury, killed; Lieutenant -Harmer, wounded, doing well; Lieutenant Cook, slightly -wounded, recovered; Ensign Charlton, wounded, doing -well; Ensign Studdy, killed; Paymaster Giddings; Quartermaster -Stribbling; Surgeon Scott, M.D.; Assistant-Surgeon -Boyd.</p> - -<h4>Detachment of Her Majesty's 84th Foot.</h4> - -<p>Lieutenant O'Brien, wounded, recovered; Ensign -McGrath.</p> - -<h4>13th Regiment Native Infantry.</h4> - -<p>Major Bručre, killed; Captain Waterman, wounded, -recovered; Captain Germon; Captain Francis, killed; -Lieutenant Aitken, Quartermaster; Lieutenant Chambers, -adjutant, wounded, doing well; Lieutenant Thain; Lieutenant -Loughnan; Ensign Green, dead; Surgeon Pitt.</p> - -<div class="pagenum"><a name="Page_216" id="Page_216">{216}</a></div> - -<h4>41st Regiment Native Infantry.</h4> - -<p>Major Apthorp; Captain Kemble, wounded, recovered; -Captain Sanders; Lieutenant Ruggles; Lieutenant Graves, -dead; Lieutenant Darrah; Lieutenant Inglis, wounded, -recovered; Lieutenant Keir; Ensign McGregor, dead; -Ensign Hewitt, slightly wounded, recovered; Surgeon -Macdonald, dead.</p> - -<h4>48th Regiment Native Infantry.</h4> - -<p>Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer; Major Bird; Captain -Burmester, killed; Captain Green; Lieutenant Huxham, -twice wounded, doing well; Lieutenant Smith, Adjutant, -wounded (accidentally), doing well; Lieutenant Ouseley, -Quartermaster; Lieutenant Fletcher, wounded, doing -well; Lieutenant Dashwood, wounded, since dead; Lieutenant -Hay, wounded slightly, recovered; Ensign Farquharson, -killed; Ensign O'Dowda, slightly wounded, -recovered; Ensign Ward; Surgeon Wells, wounded -slightly, recovered.</p> - -<h4>71st Regiment Native Infantry.</h4> - -<p>Colonel Halford, dead; Captain Strangways, slightly -wounded, recovered; Captain Dinning; Captain Maclean, -killed; Lieutenant Langmore, Adjutant; Lieutenant Sewell; -Lieutenant Grant, killed; Ensign Worsley; Ensign -C. W. Campbell, wounded, doing well; Ensign W. Campbell; -Surgeon Brydon, wounded, recovered.</p> - -<div class="pagenum"><a name="Page_217" id="Page_217">{217}</a></div> - -<h4>Officers not belonging to the Oude Brigade.</h4> - -<p>Major Banks, Provisional Chief Commissioner, killed; -Captain Stuart, 3rd Native Infantry; Captain H. Lloyd -Evans, 17th Bombay Native Infantry; Lieutenant Fullerton, -44th Native Infantry, dead; Lieutenant Lester, -32nd Native Infantry, killed; Lieutenant Tullock, 58th -Native Infantry; Lieutenant Birch, 59th Native Infantry, -killed; Ensign Inglis, 63rd Native Infantry, doing duty -13th Native Infantry; Captain Weston, 65th Native Infantry, -Oude Frontier Police; Ensign Dashwood, 18th -Native Infantry, mortally wounded, since dead.</p> - -<h4>Oude Irregular Force.</h4> - -<p>Brigadier Gray, Commanding; Captain Barlow, Major -of Brigade, wounded, since dead; Captain Forbes, 1st -Oude Cavalry, slightly wounded, recovered; Lieutenant -Bax, Second in Command, killed; Lieutenant Graham, -Officiating Adjutant, dead; Assistant-Surgeon Greenhow; -Major Gall, 2nd Oude Cavalry, killed; Lieutenant -Shepherd, Second in Command, killed; Lieutenant Barbor, -Adjutant, killed; Gentleman Volunteer Fayrer, -killed; Assistant-Surgeon Partridge; Lieutenant Graham, -Adjutant, 3rd Oude Cavalry, slightly wounded -twice, recovered; Lieutenant Clarke, 1st Oude Infantry; -Captain Hughes, 4th Oude Infantry, wounded, since -dead; Lieutenant Soppitt, 4th Oude Infantry; Assistant-Surgeon -Hadow; Captain Hawes, 6th Oude Infantry, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_218" id="Page_218">{218}</a></span> -wounded, recovered; Lieutenant Grant, Second in Command, -wounded, since dead; Apothecary Thompson; -Lieutenant Graydon, 7th Oude Infantry, very dangerously -wounded, since dead; Lieutenant Watson, Second -in Command; Lieutenant Mechamns, Adjutant; -Lieutenant Vanrenen, 9th Oude Infantry; Assistant-Surgeon -Darby, M.D., 10th Oude Infantry; Captain -Hearsey, unattached; Captain Orr, unattached.</p> - -<h4>Assistant Chaplains of Lucknow.</h4> - -<p>The Reverend H. P. Harris; the Reverend H. S. Polehampton, -wounded, since dead.</p> - -<h4>Civil Surgeons.</h4> - -<p>Surgeon Ogilvie, Superintendent of Jails; Assistant-Surgeon -Fayrer, Residency Surgeon.</p> - -<h4>Gentlemen of the Civil Service.</h4> - -<p>Mr. Gubbins, Financial Commissioner; Mr. Ommanney, -Judicial Commissioner, killed; Mr. Cooper, -Secretary, Chief Commissioner; Mr. Martin, Deputy-Commissioner, -Lucknow; Mr. Benson, Deputy-Commissioner, -Durriabad; Mr. Capper, Deputy-Commissioner, -Mullaon; Mr. Lawrence, Officiating Deputy-Commissioner, -Gondah, wounded, recovered; Mr. Thornhill, -Assistant-Commissioner, Lucknow, slightly wounded, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_219" id="Page_219">{219}</a></span> -recovered—dangerously wounded, since dead; Mr. -Boulderson, Assistant-Commissioner, Lucknow, slightly -wounded, recovered.</p> - -<h4>Ladies and Children in Garrison.</h4> - -<p>Mrs. Hayes and child, Mrs. Edgell and child, Mrs. Marriot, -Mrs. Inglis and three children, Mrs. Barwell and child, -Mrs. Thomas and child (Mrs. Thomas, dead), Mrs. Lewin -and two children, Mrs. Staples, Mrs. Radcliffe and three -children (one child dead), Mrs. Boileau and three children, -Mrs. Case and sister, Mrs. Steeven, Mrs. Giddings, Mrs. -Bručre and four children, Mrs. Germon, Mrs. Aitken, -Mrs. Pitt and child, Mrs. Apthorp and child (child dead), -Mrs. Darrah and two children, Miss Palmer killed, Mrs. -Bird and two children (one child dead), Mrs. Green -(dead), Mrs. Huxham and two children (one child dead), -Mrs. Ouseley and three children (two children dead), -Mrs. Dashwood and three children (one child dead), -Mrs. Wells and child, Mrs. Halford, Miss Halford, Mrs. -Strangways and four children (one child dead), Mrs. -Brydon and two children, Mrs. Stuart and child, Mrs. -Banks and child, Mrs. Birch, Mrs. Orr and child, Mrs. -Hearsey, Mrs. Barlow, Mrs. Forbes and three children -(two children dead), Mrs. Graham and two children (one -child dead), Mrs. Gall, Mrs. Barbor, Mrs. Clarke, Mrs. -Soppitt, Mrs. Grant and child (both dead), Mrs. Watson -and child, Mrs. Harris, Mrs. Polehampton, Mrs. Ogilvie, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_220" id="Page_220">{220}</a></span> -Mrs. Fayrer and child, Mrs. Gubbins, Miss Nepean, -Mrs. Ommaney, two Misses Ommaney, Mrs. Couper and -three children, Mrs. Martin and two children (two -children dead), Mrs. Benson and child (child dead), Mrs. -Thornhill and child (child dead), Mrs. Schilling, Mrs. -Hale and child, (both dead), Mrs. Fullerton and child -(child dead), Mrs. Dorin, killed; Mrs Kendall and child -(child dead), Mrs. Bartrum and child (child dead), Mrs. -Clarke and child (both dead), Mrs. Anderson and child -(both dead), Mrs. Anderson, Dr. Mrs. Boileau and four -children (one child dead), Miss E. E. Birch.</p> - -<h4>European Women and Children in Garrison.</h4> - -<p>Mrs. Evans, dead; Mrs. Brett and child (child dead), -Mrs. Ball and child; Mrs. Cane and three children; -Mrs. Court and two children; Mrs. Connell and child; -Mrs. Grant; Mrs. Abbott and child (child dead); Mrs. -Hembro and three children; Mrs. Purcell and child; -Mrs. Longton and child; Mrs. Morgan; Mrs. Sexton; -Mrs. Ramsay; Mrs. Watson and child; Mrs. Ryder; -Mrs. Wells and child; Mrs. Woods and three children -(one child dead); Mrs. Morton and child (child dead); -Mrs. Baxter and three children; Mrs. Fitzgerald and -child; Mrs. Fitzgerald and three children (one child -dead); Mrs. Martin; Mrs. Kinsley and four children; -Mrs. Rae; Mrs. Gabriell and three children; Mrs. Pew, -senior; Mrs. Pew, junior, and four children (two children -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_221" id="Page_221">{221}</a></span> -dead); Mrs. Ireland and child; Mrs. Swarris and three -children; Mrs. Gambooa; Mrs. Blyth and child (child -dead); Mrs. Jones; Mrs. Luxted; Miss Luxted; Mrs. -Catania; Mrs. Forbes; Mrs. Blaney; Mrs. Hyde and -two children; Mrs. Sequera, senior; Mrs. Sequera, -junior, killed; Mrs. Chrestien; Miss Sequera, Mrs. -Vaughan and two children; Mrs. Beale; Mrs. Hardingham; -Mrs. Sinclair; Miss Hampton; Mrs. Elliott; Mrs. -Sangster and two children; Mrs. Barnett and child; Miss -Sangster; Mrs. Browne; Mrs. Hamilton and three children -(two children dead); Mrs. Velozo; Miss Velozo; -Mrs. Horn and three children; Mrs. Parry and four -children; Mrs. Ereth; Mrs. Bates; Mrs. Scott and child -(child dead); Mrs. Need and three children; Mrs. Higgins, -dead; Mrs. Williams and child (child dead); Mrs. -Wilkinson, dead; Mrs. Allnutt and child (child dead); Mrs. -Reilly and child (child dead); Mrs. Collins and child (both -dead); Mrs. Macgrenan; Mrs. Garland and child; Miss -Clarke; Mrs. J. J. Phillips; Mrs. W. Phillips and child; -Mrs. Leslie; Mrs. Lincoln and child; Mrs. Chick and -two children (one child dead); Mrs. Clancey and two children; -Mrs. Joyce and child; Mrs. Best and child (child -dead); Mrs. Pidgeon; Mrs. Todd and child; Mrs. Blunt; -Mrs. Garrett and two children; Mrs. Pedron; Miss -Marshall; Miss Savaille; Miss Campagnac; Mrs. Dudman -and three children (two children dead); Mrs. Ward -and child; Mrs. Dudman 2nd, Mrs. Rennick; Mrs. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_222" id="Page_222">{222}</a></span> -Derozario; Mrs. Dacosta; Mrs. Archer and two -children; Mrs. Hilton and two children; Mrs. Dera -Vara and two children; Mrs. Pender and four children; -Mrs. McDonnough and two children; Mrs. -Oliver and two children; Mrs. Brown; Mrs. Rontleff -and child; Mrs. Curwan and child; Mrs. Lynch and -child; Mrs. Moreton and two children (both children -dead); Mrs. Smith and three children; Mrs. Brandoff; -Mrs. Curtain and three children; Mrs. Kennedy; Mrs. -Bally and two children; Mrs. Peter; Miss Kennedy; -Mrs. Burnet and child; Mrs. Cook and four children (one -child dead); Mrs. Bryson and four children (one child -dead); Mrs. Marshall; Mrs. Rutledge and two children; -Mrs. Lawrence and two children (one child dead); -Mrs. Samson; Mrs. Horan and three children; Mrs. -Kavanagh and four children (one child dead); Mrs. F. -Marshall and two children; Mrs. Sago; Mrs. Virtue; -Miss Virtue; Miss Brown; Mrs. F. Williams and two -children; Mrs. Gordon and two children; Mrs. Hoff; -Mrs. Wittenbaker and eight children; Mrs. Donnithorne -and two children (one child dead); Mrs. Pearce and two -children; Mrs. Mendes, dead; Miss Gardner; Miss -Roberts; Mrs. Dubois, senior; Mrs. Dubois, junior; -Mrs. Campagnac, senior; Mrs. Campagnac, junior, and -four children; Miss Campagnac, 1st; Miss Campagnac, -2nd; Mrs. Mahar and two children; Mrs. Twitchem; -Mrs. Marley and one child; Miss Hampton; Mrs. -Longden; Miss Rodgers; Mrs. Duff and child; Mrs. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_223" id="Page_223">{223}</a></span> -Griffiths and three children; Mrs. Keogh and five children -(three children dead); Mrs. Molloy and five children; -Mrs. Hernon and four children; Mrs. Bickers and three -children; Mrs. Barrett and three children (one child -dead); Mrs. Casey and five children (one child dead); -Mrs. Alone, Miss Alone; Miss Arno; Miss Robinson; -Miss Bowhear; Mrs. Johannes and child; Mrs. Queiros -and child; Mrs. Dias; Mrs. Pelling; Mrs. Nazareth and -two children (Mrs. Nazareth, dead); Mrs. Nugent, junior, -and three children; Mrs. Joseph and three children; -Mrs. Hamilton; Mrs. Blenman; Mrs. Bates and child; -Mrs. Barfoot.</p> - -<h4>Members of the Uncovenanted Service.</h4> - -<p>Messrs. J. F. Macgrenan, R. Garland, W. E. Fitzgerald, -R. M. Collins, F. Leach, F. Williams, F. Knight, J. Gordon, -E. Hoff, R. Dorrett, Anthony Wharton, Wittenbaker, -Wittenbaker junior (killed), S. Williams, Donnithorne, -Velozo, Pearce, Mendes (killed), Phillips, French, Leslie, -Lincoln, Chick, W. Phillips, Clancey (killed), Ewart, -Todd, R. Joyce, Thriepland Blund, Forrester (wounded), -Potter, Kavanagh, Marshall, Forder, May, Martin, Morgan -(wounded), McRae (wounded), Bryson (killed), J. -Brown (killed), C. Brown (killed), O. Browne (dead), -W. Marshall (killed), E. Sequera (killed), Blancey -(wounded, recovered), Rutledge (wounded, recovered), -Duhan, Hutton, Owen, Morgan, Lawrence, Sarle, Sequera, -Parey, Allnutt, B. Alone, A. Alone (wounded), A. Bates, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_224" id="Page_224">{224}</a></span> -Blenham (wounded), Bailey (wounded, recovered), -Bickers (wounded), Ereth (killed), T. Catania, C. -Catania, Hardingham, Rees, J. Sinclair (wounded), -McAuliffe (killed), Sinclair (pensioner), Rae, Gabriel, -Samuels, Pew, sen., A. Pew, jun., G. Ireland, W. -Ireland, Swarries (wounded, recovered), Fernandes, -Blythe, Jones, Luxted (pensioner), Hyde (wounded, -slightly recovered), Howard, Forbes, Blaney, Deprat -(killed), W. Hamilton, Sequera, Sequera, jun. (wounded, -recovered), Chrestien, Schmidth (wounded, since dead), -Collins, Vaughan (wounded, recovered), Elliott, Sangster, -Beale (killed), Queiros, Queiros junior, Queiros 3rd, -Johannes, Nazareth, Dias, Signor Barsotelli, Jeoffry, W. -Brown, Mitchell, Johnson, Symes, Wells (killed), Dubois, -Campagnac, C. Campagnac, E. Dudman, Owen, Hill, -Crabb (killed), Need (killed), Ward, Barry, Casey -(dead), Barrett (dead), Wiltshire (dead), Macmanus -(killed), Cameron (dead), Gerald Cameron (merchant), -H. H. Birch (son of the late Lieut.-Col. F. W. Birch).</p> - -<h4>Martiniere School.</h4> - -<p>Mr. Schilling, Principal; Mr. Crank, Assistant; Messrs. -Archer, Dodd, Wall, Hilton, Dera Vara, De Verrine, and -boys.</p> - -<p> </p> - -<p class="print-pub">PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE, LONDON.</p> - -<p> </p> -<hr /> -<p> </p> - -<div id="tnote"> -<p>Transcriber's Note.</p> - -<p>Apparent typographical errors have been corrected.</p> - -<p>The use of hyphens and of accents has been rationalised.</p> -</div> - - -<p> </p> -<p> </p> -<hr class="full" /> -<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE DEFENCE OF LUCKNOW***</p> -<p>******* This file should be named 53093-h.htm or 53093-h.zip *******</p> -<p>This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:<br /> -<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/5/3/0/9/53093">http://www.gutenberg.org/5/3/0/9/53093</a></p> -<p> -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed.</p> - -<p>Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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Thus, we do not -necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper -edition.</p> - -<p>Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search -facility: www.gutenberg.org</p> - -<p>This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.</p> - -</body> -</html> - diff --git a/old/53093-h/images/cover.jpg b/old/53093-h/images/cover.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 9b64084..0000000 --- a/old/53093-h/images/cover.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/53093-h/images/frontis-large.jpg b/old/53093-h/images/frontis-large.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index a83e4f9..0000000 --- a/old/53093-h/images/frontis-large.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/53093-h/images/frontis-thumb.jpg b/old/53093-h/images/frontis-thumb.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 4d951f5..0000000 --- a/old/53093-h/images/frontis-thumb.jpg +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/53093.txt b/old/53093.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 0b2f0bd..0000000 --- a/old/53093.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4829 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Defence of Lucknow, by T. F. (Thomas -Fourness) Wilson - - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - - -Title: The Defence of Lucknow - A Diary Recording the Daily Events during the Siege of the European Residency from 31st May to 25th September, 1857 - - -Author: T. F. (Thomas Fourness) Wilson - - - -Release Date: September 19, 2016 [eBook #53093] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE DEFENCE OF LUCKNOW*** - - -E-text prepared by Brian Coe, Chris Pinfield, and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made -available by Internet Archive (https://archive.org) - - - -Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this - file which includes the original map. - See 53093-h.htm or 53093-h.zip: - (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/53093/53093-h/53093-h.htm) - or - (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/53093/53093-h.zip) - - - Images of the original pages are available through - Internet Archive. See - https://archive.org/details/TheDefenceOfLucknow - - -Transcriber's note: - - Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). - - Small capitals have been replaced by full capitals. - - - - - - -[Illustration: - -PLAN OF -THE ENTRENCHED POSITION -OF THE BRITISH GARRISON -AT LUCKNOW. - -1857. - -Published by Smith, Elder & Co., Cornhill London 1858.] - - - - -THE DEFENCE OF LUCKNOW. - -A Diary Recording the Daily Events during the Siege of the European -Residency - -From 31st May to 25th September, 1857. - -BY A STAFF OFFICER - -With a Plan of the Residency. - -SECOND EDITION. - - - - - - - -London: -Smith, Elder, and Co., 65 Cornhill. -1858. - -The right of translation is reserved. - -London -Printed by Spottiswoode and Co. -New-Street Square. - - - - -ADVERTISEMENT. - - -The Author of this work desiring, for military reasons, to withhold his -name, the Publishers feel it due to the public to vouch for the -authenticity of the "Diary," by stating that the Author is an officer of -the Staff of the Anglo-Indian Army, and was in Lucknow during the whole -of the siege; as, indeed, will be apparent from the full details he has -given of all that transpired in the garrison. - -They beg to add that the only alteration made by them is the -substitution of the most recent and complete list of the killed and -wounded during the defence, as given in the "Homeward Mail," for the -list appended to the MS. They have also added the eloquent despatch of -Brigadier Inglis, recording the services of the garrison. - - 65, CORNHILL: - _Feb. 25th, 1858_. - - - - - DIARY OF - EVENTS AT LUCKNOW. - - -For about ten days previous to the outbreak, daily reports were made -that an _emeute_ was intended, and Sir H. M. Lawrence had ordered all -kinds of stores to be purchased and stored in the "Muchee Bhawun" and -the City Residency. But latterly the intelligence began to excite less -attention, as so many days had passed away which had been named for the -outbreak. On the evening of the 30th May, however, a sepoy of the 13th -Native Infantry, who had shortly before received a reward from Sir Henry -Lawrence for having assisted in the capture of a spy, came to Captain -Wilson of the 13th Native Infantry, Assistant Adjutant-General, and said -he could not help reporting that there would be a rising amongst the -sepoy regiments, to be commenced in the lines of the 71st Native -Infantry that evening at about 8 or 9 P.M.; but he was not certain at -what hour. His manner in giving this information was _earnest_ and -_impressive_. - -On that evening everything went on as usual; all remained quiet in the -cantonments, where Sir Henry Lawrence was residing. Some days previously -the ladies and children had been removed to the Residency in the city, -which place had already been occupied by a party of the 32nd Foot and -two guns. The 9 P.M. gun was fired, and was evidently the preconcerted -signal for the mutiny; for a few minutes after, whilst Sir Henry -Lawrence and his staff were at dinner at the Residency, a sepoy came -running in and reported a disturbance in the lines. Two shots were heard -in the 71st lines. The horses of the staff were at once ordered, and -they proceeded to the lines. On the way, more dropping shots were heard -from the left of the 71st lines. The party arrived in the camp, where -about 300 men of Her Majesty's 32nd, with four guns of Major Kaye's -battery, and two guns of the Oude Irregular Force were posted, and found -them all on the alert. These were posted in a position on the extreme -right of the 71st lines (the whole front of which they swept), and they -were also contiguous to the road leading from cantonments to the city. - -Sir Henry Lawrence immediately took two guns and a company of the 32nd -with him on the road leading to the town, and there took post; thereby -blocking up the road, and effectually cutting off all access to the -city. He sent back soon after for reinforcements of the Europeans and -for two more guns. In the meantime, the officers of the several -regiments had proceeded at once to their respective lines. Bands of -insurgents had meanwhile made their way amongst the officers' bungalows, -keeping up as they went a desultory fire, which prevented many from -passing the roads towards the lines. One of the first of these parties -made straight for the mess house of the 71st Native Infantry, whence the -officers had escaped but a few minutes before. They exhibited great -bloodthirstiness, making every search for the officers, and ending by -firing the house. On several shots being fired from the 71st lines on -the 32nd Foot and guns, the order was given to open with grape; on which -a rush was made by the sepoys to the rear; when they passed the infantry -picket, which is situate in the centre of cantonments. The picket was -under the command of Lieutenant Grant of the 71st Native Infantry. His -men remained with him till the mutineers were close upon him. They then -broke; but the subadar of the guard, and some men of the 13th and 48th -Regiments, composing the guard, tried to save him by placing him under a -bed. A man of the 71st Native Infantry, who was on guard with him, -however, discovered the place of his concealment to the mutineers, and -he was there brutally murdered--receiving no less than fifteen bayonet -wounds, besides some from musket balls. - -From the first, Lieutenant Hardinge, taking with him some few sowars of -his Irregular Cavalry, patrolled up and down the main street of the -cantonments, and went to the officers' messes on the chance of saving -any lives. In the compound of the 71st mess, he was fired at by a -mutineer, who then rushed upon him with his bayonet, which pierced his -arm. More than once the cantonments were thus patrolled by Lieutenant -Hardinge under a smart fire, with the same humane intentions; but not in -sufficient force to prevent the burning and plundering of the officers' -bungalows, and of the bazaars. The excitement in the lines continued; -while the 32nd remained quietly in position, awaiting the advent of the -remnants of the regiments who had remained true to their colours. A -remnant of the 13th Native Infantry, about 200 men, with colours and -treasure, came up; and, according to previous arrangement, joined and -fell in on the right of the 32nd. A small portion of the 71st, without -being able to save their colours or their treasure, (through the -disaffection of the native officer on duty,) also came up and took post -next the 32nd Foot. Of the 48th, nothing was heard till 10 A.M. next -day. About 10 o'clock P.M. many of the mutineers had made their way up -to some empty artillery lines, outside the 71st Native Infantry lines, -whence they commenced firing. Brigadier Handscomb, who had come up from -the rear of the 71st lines, was killed by a stray shot from this place: -just as he had reached the left flank of the 32nd, he fell dead off his -horse. The bungalows throughout the cantonments were most of them on -fire. No attempt was subsequently made to attack the position. To secure -the Residency bungalow, and that portion of the cantonment next the city -road, 4 guns and a company and a half were taken up to the cantonment -Residency, and the guns placed at each gate. All was now quiet, and the -remainder of the night passed away without any further event. Nothing -had been seen or heard of the 48th Native Infantry. Many officers had -most wonderful escapes from death. Lieutenant and Adjutant Chambers of -the 13th Native Infantry, was severely wounded in the leg, whilst -effecting his escape from the magazine where he had taken a guard of his -regiment. - - -_May 31st._--At daylight, the force, consisting of some companies of Her -Majesty's 32nd Foot, and the remnants of the native regiments, about 100 -men 71st, and 220 men 13th Native Infantry, with part of the 7th -Cavalry, and four guns, advanced down the parade in front of the lines -of the several regiments. From the lines of the 13th Native Infantry -about fifty men came, and said they had saved the magazine of that -regiment. Hearing that the body of the rebels had retired towards the -race course, where they had plundered the lines of the 7th Cavalry, and -murdered Cornet Raleigh of that regiment (who had been left there sick) -the whole force of cavalry and infantry, with four guns, proceeded -thither, leaving Colonel Case with a portion of the 32nd in position in -cantonments. On arriving in the open plain, a body of about 1200 men -were seen in line in the distance, drawn up to the race course. Many of -the cavalry galloped over at once to the insurgents. The guns then -opened with round shot, which dispersed them, and they made the best of -their way across country, followed immediately by the cavalry and guns, -and, at a greater distance by the infantry. No opportunity offered for -the guns to again open, owing to the celerity of their flight; but the -cavalry hovered round and took about sixty prisoners, who were brought -into cantonments. The pursuit continued in the same order until the guns -were stopped by a nullah, over which they could not cross. The cavalry, -however, continued their pursuit; and kept it up for some ten miles. By -10 A.M. the force had returned to cantonments, as the heat was excessive. - -As most of the bungalows were burned (the officers having lost -everything) the troops were moved into camp,--the 32nd and guns into the -position they held formerly; the native regiments next them on the -right; and in the following order:--13th next the 32nd, the 71st next, -then the 48th, with the 7th Cavalry on the extreme right. The usual -guards were kept by the native regiments, and the cantonments regularly -occupied. Owing to this, the neighbouring country seemed to be -reassured. Supplies came in regularly, and in plenty. The exertions of -all were redoubled to complete the defences, and collect stores and -supplies in Muchee Bhawun and the city Residency. The former post, -originally occupied by the dependants of the late king, had been -selected by Sir Henry Lawrence as a fitting place of security and -retreat, in case matters took an unfavourable turn. On the 16th of May, -immediately on the receipt of intelligence from Meerut of the -commencement of the outbreak, this stronghold, then in a very -dilapidated condition, was occupied by the light company of the 13th and -some guns, and measures were taken for its thorough cleansing. Supplies -continued to be brought in and stored. - -On the evening of the day on which the troops returned from the pursuit -of the rebels, an insurrection took place in the city towards -Hosainabad; the standard of the prophet was raised, and other means of -religious persuasion used to excite the populace. The police of the -city, under the energetic superintendence of Captain Carnegie, behaved -well, and the movement was at once quelled, and the standard taken. News -of the _emeute_ at this place had by this time reached the district, and -the rising of the neighbouring stations was to be looked for. - -On the afternoon of the 4th June, parties of ladies and officers of the -41st Native Infantry, escorted by about twenty-five men of the regiment, -who had remained faithful, came in, bringing the news of the mutiny at -Seetapore, and of the deaths of Lieutenant-Colonel Birch, commanding the -regiment there, of Mr. Christian, and of other civilians and ladies. On -the 5th, news came of the mutiny at Cawnpore, but no particulars. -Reports of all kinds were rife among the Bazaars; but no authentic -intelligence could be procured, as the telegraph wire was cut. From -Benares the news came in of the 37th Native Infantry having mutinied, -and of their having been overpowered by the rest of the force there. But -nothing further transpired, for from that day to the 10th instant, the -communication was _in toto_ interrupted. - - -_June 10th._--The defences at the city Residency, as well as the Muchee -Bhawun, were increased, and houses and buildings around them began at -once to be demolished. Large stacks of firewood were made, and houses -and tents set apart for the occupation of the European refugees, who -were arriving from the districts daily. Provisions of all sorts -continued to be stored, including 110 hogsheads of beer just arrived -from Cawnpore. - -Besides the two important posts noted above, the range of buildings -towards the Hosainabad quarter of the town were occupied by 2000 police -under the direction of Captain Carnegie; a thousand more were ordered to -be raised, and officers of the 41st were put in command of each of the -police battalions. This day we heard, by native report, that General -Wheeler was defending himself in the entrenchments at Cawnpore; but no -letter was received. - - -_June 11th._--Early this morning a false alarm was brought in from the -Cawnpore road, that the enemy was upon us. Captain Evans, who had been -sent out to gain information, returned with the above report, which -created for a short period some needless alarm. We continued hard at -work getting in supplies and adding to our defences. Many vague reports -of disturbances were in circulation to-day. - - -_June 12th._--On this day an instance of disaffection from within the -camp occurred. The regiment of military police, commanded by Captain -Orr, mutinied in a body, rushed to their lines, seized their arms, and -then set off in the direction of Cawnpore, giving themselves no time to -inflict any damage in their quarter of the city. So great was their -haste, that they failed to empty their own barracks, and left behind -them their clothes and baggage. Information of this was given to -headquarters; on which two guns of Major Kaye's battery, two companies -of Her Majesty's 32nd, and some seventy Seikhs of the 1st Oude Irregular -Cavalry, the whole under the command of Colonel Inglis, were despatched -after them. They were pursued for some eight miles before they were come -up with, and it was only by pushing on the cavalry and guns, without -waiting for the slower movements of the infantry, that they were -overtaken at all. - -The guns opened fire as soon as practicable; they had come up well over -some difficult ground, but their horses were, in consequence, so done -up, that there was some difficulty in taking up the most desirable -position. Once the cavalry charged well, but neither the result of their -charge, nor of the practice of the artillery, was such as might have -been expected. The enemy's loss was not exactly ascertained, but it was -supposed that they had some twenty killed, and ten prisoners were -brought in. Of Captain Forbes's men, two Pathans were killed on the -spot; and some others, including a gallant old native officer, wounded. -Mr. Thornhill, of the civil service, charging with them, was also -wounded. All this time the infantry were far behind, unable to get up. A -village lay to the front, in which many of the insurgents had taken -refuge. Colonel Inglis forbade its bombardment, as it would have -entailed much injury to innocent villagers; and the evening was, by that -time, so far advanced, that the measure would probably not have sufficed -to dislodge the mutineers. - -About an hour remained to sunset; the guns and cavalry were a long way -from the infantry, and many miles further from home. A return movement -was therefore ordered, and accomplished successfully: the whole force -returned about 8 o'clock, having gone over some sixteen or eighteen -miles of ground. - -The Europeans had marched well to the front. It was a hard day's work -for them, and two men were lost from apoplexy, for the heat was dreadful. - -On this day the horses of the men of the 7th Cavalry were brought down -and picketed close to the Baillie Guard; as, with a very few exceptions, -the 13th, 48th, and 71st Regiments of Native Infantry and 7th Cavalry -had been ordered to proceed on leave till October, and their arms and -accoutrements were brought down and deposited in the Residency. (Vide -No. 1 in the Appendix.) - - -_June 13th._--Shot and shell both brought down to the garrison from -Muchee Bhawun (about three-quarters of a mile). Unabated exertions to -add to the defences of the garrison. - -The 13th Regiment of Native Infantry, 170 rank and file, came down from -cantonments and encamped in the Residency compound. Ineffectual efforts -to blow down the _Furrahd Buksh_ Gateway. Three or four cases of cholera -occurred at Fort Muchee Bhawun. Officers' servants began to desert. -Intelligence was received from Fyzabad of the mutiny of all the troops -there. Heat beyond endurance. Garrison in good spirits, and much elated -at the brush after the Police Corps. Little reliance was placed in -natives, and every possible precaution was taken to prevent any -treachery. The native gunners, both in the Residency and at the Muchee -Bhawun, were so posted as to be under the immediate fire of the -Europeans, who watched them carefully both day and night. An officer was -on duty at the gate all day long, to observe all incomers, and to -prevent arms being brought in by others than those who had received -passes. - - -_June 14th._--Supplies of shot and shell brought in from Muchee Bhawun. -Every exertion made to increase the defences of the garrisons. No -reliable intelligence was procurable of the state of affairs at -Cawnpore. Many idle rumours afloat, but not corroborated, with regard to -a reinforcement of Europeans having arrived at that station from the -north-west. Heat excessive. Several cases of cholera and smallpox. A few -cases of the former disease proved fatal in Muchee Bhawun. Hardinge's -corps still steady. About 200 of the Oude Irregular Cavalry deserted -last night. - - -_June 15th._--A hundred barrels of gunpowder brought from the Muchee -Bhawun, and buried in the Residency enclosure. Shot and shell continued -to be brought into garrison from Muchee Bhawun. Uncovenanted -servants were drilled with muskets. A tragic event occurred this -day:--Serjeant-major K., 7th Light Cavalry, shot with a pistol, -Riding-master Edridge, 7th Light Cavalry, in the heat of an argument. -The riding-master died a few hours after. No reliable intelligence was -procured from Cawnpore, though vague reports were in circulation. The -death of Lieutenant-Colonel Fisher, commanding 15th Irregular Cavalry, -by the hands of his own men, was reported. - -Captain Gall's servant returned to the garrison this day, reporting his -master's death, which took place by stratagem, and by the hands of his -own men. Captain Gall was proceeding in disguise _en route_ to -Allahabad, with twelve sowars of his own corps, and had proceeded about -fifty miles on his way, when his murder took place. All officers of the -cantonments were ordered down to the garrison, with the exception of the -commanding officers and regimental staff. Twenty-three lacs of rupees -were buried close in front of the Residency, for security, and to avoid -the necessity of guards and sentries over it. Rum and porter (one-half) -was received into the Residency from Muchee Bhawun. Fever was prevalent. -The Seikhs of the 13th Native Infantry, numbering about fifty men, were -formed, at their own request, into a company, under the command of -Captain Germon, and sent to Muchee Bhawun. Spare clothing of the 13th -was brought in from cantonments. Continued efforts were made to blow up -the Furrah Buksh Gate. The flooring of the first story fell in this day. - - -_June 16th._--A quantity of shot and shells came in from Muchee Bhawun; -also an 18-pounder gun. The shot was piled, as far as possible. On this -date, there were seven 18-pounders in position. The whole day was -expended in working hard at a battery in a position commanding the -Cawnpore-road, and in unroofing houses, burying powder, &c. The gate -leading into the Furrah Buksh came down in the course of the forenoon -with a great crash, after many futile attempts had been made for its -destruction. This was an important point gained, as the Residency -compound was quite commanded from the top of this gate. - -This morning, twenty-two conspirators, emissaries from Benares and -elsewhere, who had been sent to corrupt the troops at this place, were -captured in a house in the centre of the city. Information having been -given to Captain Hughes, commanding the 4th Irregular Infantry, he -directed two staunch native officers to put themselves on the watch, and -to pretend participation in the disaffection. This they did, and by this -means, with Captain Carnegie's assistance, Captain Hughes was enabled to -effect the capture of these inciters to mutiny. They were forthwith -brought to a drum-head court-martial and the whole of them condemned to -death. - - -_June 17th._--This morning, four of the men sentenced yesterday, were -hanged at the Muchee Bhawun; the remaining eighteen were liberated, as -some doubts were entertained of their guilt. - -Vague and most contradictory rumours came in this day about Cawnpore, -but no authentic intelligence could be gained. The intelligence -department, under the supervision of Mr. Gubbins, with two assistants, -seemed to experience great difficulty in procuring reliable -intelligence. Amongst others, Colonel Palmer, commanding the 48th -Regiment Native Infantry, came in from the cantonments, waited on the -Brigadier-General, and reported large assemblies of men near -cantonments, the immediate abandonment of which he most earnestly -advocated. - -Although there yet remained some twenty-five lacs in the treasury, the -expenditure had been on such an enormous scale during the last week, -that cash payments were suspended, unless in exceptional cases. The -money rewards, &c., promised to men of the several infantry regiments, -whose good behaviour had been conspicuous on the night of the mutiny, -were discharged by promissory notes. Major Apthorp of the 41st Native -Infantry had an advance made to him to pay up and discharge twenty-five -of his men who had escorted in the officers and ladies from Seetapore; -as it was reported by one of his drummers, that even these faithful few, -who had all been promised promotion by Sir Henry Lawrence for their -fidelity on that occasion, had expressed themselves to the effect that -if Rajah Maun Singh came against them, they would all have to go over, -and would murder their officers. - - -_June 18th._--The force at the Residency, consisting of the regular -troops, civilians, volunteers of all sorts, and, in fact, every man -within the defences not incapacitated by sickness, were ordered by Sir -Henry Lawrence to parade at sunrise. Every man was to be at the post he -was to occupy in case of an attack; and those to whom no posts had been -assigned mustered in front of the Residency, for the purpose of having a -post or duty assigned them. The Brigadier-General inspected the whole of -them, and visited all the outposts and picquets. - -In the evening of the same day the force was paraded a second time, and -minutely inspected by Colonel Inglis. A body of fifty volunteers, -belonging to the several offices, had been trained and drilled to use -firearms. To them was entrusted the defence of two outposts near the -Post-office, which place had been made a very strong position. The -officers comprising the volunteer corps of cavalry were also given arms, -to be able to make a stand and defend themselves within their own -quarters. They furnished sentries at night, and exercised a supervision -over some seventy Seikh sowars, the remains of the Oude Irregular -Cavalry. These, as well as the body of clerks, &c., mentioned above, -were in all respects armed and accoutred like private soldiers. Besides -this, many of the volunteers and officers were instructed in gun drill; -and, at the Muchee Bhawun, by Sir Henry's directions, some fifty or -sixty of the 32nd Foot were told off for the same work. A very strong -battery (the Redan) was commenced this day; it completely commanded the -iron bridge and the road leading to cantonments. - -The servants of Captains Staples, 7th Cavalry, and Burmester, 48th -Native Infantry, returned and reported the murder of those officers -whose heads, they stated, were carried to the Nana at Cawnpore; and that -Lieutenant Boulton, of the 7th-Cavalry, jumped his horse into the river, -and nothing further had been heard of him. Owing to the want of rain, -the heat had now become intense. Cholera and dysentery were on the -increase; chiefly at the Muchee Bhawun. - -Reports came in of some bodies of the enemy being at a place called -Nawab Gunge, about eighteen miles from Lucknow, and Captain Forbes, with -twenty Sikhs and ten of the volunteer cavalry corps, was sent out there -to ascertain the presence or otherwise of the enemy. They returned in -the evening bringing information that there was no one. The company of -the 10th Oude Irregular Force was brought down from the Dak Bungalow to -the jail. This regiment was the last to give way at Seetapore, and it -was reported they did not molest their officers. - -Quantities of bhoosa were collected and stored within the Racket Court, -which was now half full. - - -_June 19th._--This morning Sir Henry Lawrence inspected the Muchee -Bhawun minutely. More small arm ammunition was brought in from thence to -the Residency. - -A fresh case of smallpox occurred today (Mr. Bird, who was immediately -removed to a tent in the compound). The uncovenanted volunteers were -again minutely inspected this afternoon. The engineer officers were very -hard at work completing the batteries and defences. Upwards of 3000 -coolies were at work unroofing houses in the vicinity of our defences. - -From cantonments all the spare baggage, &c. was brought in, and every -preparation made to prevent confusion in case the position there should -be abandoned. In the city of Lucknow everything remained perfectly -quiet,--the administration of justice was in no way impeded. Grain was -stored in large quantities in the church. - - -_June 20th._--This day, "the Redan" was completed. It consisted of one -18-pounder gun and one 9-pounder, with two mortars in their rear--the -whole commanding the iron bridge and open country across the river. The -Cawnpore 18-pounder battery was very nearly finished, and an expense -magazine establishment near it. - -A letter bearing date the 18th instant was received from Cawnpore, -written by Captain Moore of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot, by direction of -General Wheeler,--it informed us, at last, of occurrences at that place. -All the numerous previous reports regarding the reinforcements of -European troops said to have been received, were thereby falsified. No -such reinforcements had ever been received. The letter informed us of -their ability to hold out for some fifteen days more. The dreadful news -of a boat load of European ladies, women, and children, from Futteghurh, -having been intercepted at Cawnpore and assassinated there, was -confirmed by natives. - -Supplies continued to be stored, but they were collected with difficulty -and at increased prices. - -Large stacks of firewood, which had been stored in case of difficulties, -were regularly arranged in a semicircle, protecting the front of the -Residency, and covered with earth; these formed an embankment six feet -in height, and embrasures were cut through them for the guns, of which -there were four 9-pounders on that side. - - -_June 21st._--Two hundred guns, many of large calibre, were found in the -gardens of the Seish Mahul, behind the Dowlut Khana (a large building on -the north side of the city). There were no carriages to them. This -startling discovery was luckily made in time. Twenty-seven guns were at -once brought in, and arrangements made for parking the remainder. - -In the evening, as the church was full of grain, divine service was -performed in Mr. Gubbins's garden; and, during the night, Sir Henry -himself once more visited the outposts, which had, by this time, been -brought to a satisfactory state. The guards of the uncovenanted service -were well on the alert, and prepared for any emergency. The difficulty -of procuring all kinds of grain daily increased. Many rumours of a -strong force marching on Lucknow from Fyzabad. The force in cantonments -held in readiness to march at one hour's notice, to the Residency and -the Muchee Bhawun. - - -_June 22nd._--This morning Captain Radcliffe's troop of volunteer -cavalry were despatched, at 1 A.M., towards Nawab Gunge, to patrol the -roads in that direction, in conjunction with the Seikhs, in order to -gather information. About 4 o'clock A.M. a thunderstorm from the east, -with the much wished for rain, came on. It lasted no very long time, and -afforded only a temporary relief from the excessive heat. - -Sir Henry Lawrence made an excursion as far as the Husainabad Kolwallee, -garrisoned by nearly 3000 police and others, and inspected them and the -defences of that place. He also visited the Dowlut Khana, an old -magazine, and on his return went over the Muchee Bhawun defences. All -our available spare carts, hackeries, and wagons, were to-day employed -in bringing in the guns found yesterday. Many of them were of large -size. The unroofing and clearing away of houses continued without -intermission, and every exertion was made to remove anything which might -afford cover in the immediate vicinity of our defences. - - -_June 23rd._--Two men executed this morning at the Muchee Bhawun,--the -one a mutineer (a naick of the 71st Native Infantry), the other a man -who had, on the night of the mutiny, threatened the life of Mr. Yarbury, -a merchant. - -A large battery traced out, looking to the westward. It was to consist -of at least two heavy guns, and to be raised so as to bombard the town -in that direction. A considerable amount of labour would have been -required to raise it to the necessary elevation. Altogether it was the -most extensive work of the kind we had yet undertaken. An 8-inch -howitzer, which had been discovered with the other guns at the Seesh -Muhal, was mounted and placed in the Redan battery. - -Captain Radcliffe's troop of volunteers, numbering forty sabres, were -drilled and exercised daily; and now that the majority of the Irregular -Cavalry had deserted, and the remainder were not considered trustworthy, -the troops supplied two mounted orderlies every morning to escort Sir -Henry Lawrence into the city. - -The commanding officer of the 71st Regiment Native Infantry reported the -remnant of the Seikhs of his regiment (about twenty men, who had -remained true on the night of the _emeute_) as being in an insubordinate -state, and no longer to be trusted. Sir Henry Lawrence desired them to -be sent to him, and spoke to them. They had asked for their discharge -before, and had very precipitately been disarmed by their commanding -officer, without sufficient authority. After being spoken to by the -Brigadier-General, they professed themselves quite willing to continue -their services: they were taken at their word, their arms restored, and -were kept at the Residency under the command of an officer. - -A letter was received yesterday from Cawnpore, written under the -direction of General Sir H. M. Wheeler, K.C.B., giving very bad news -indeed. It stated that the enemy shelled them for the last eight days, -which had had fearful effect within their crowded trenches, and one -third of their number had been killed. - -In the meantime, the Muchee Bhawun garrison had not been idle at their -defences, and Sir Henry was constant in his visits there, as well as to -the Seesh Muhal, and Dowlut Khana. On the westward side of the Muchee -Bhawun, a heavy tower was commenced; a work of great labour, from which -a flanking fire could be given. In the vicinity of the fort, as at the -Residency, houses were unroofed, and walls pulled down, so as to leave -as little shelter as we could. Magazines were constructed, and the -powder placed in safety. - - -_June 24th._--Heavy clouds, and every appearance of rain throughout the -day, but none fell. Heat excessive. Sir Henry Lawrence proceeded at -daybreak as usual, attended by his staff and two orderlies from the -volunteer cavalry, and inspected the Dowlut Khana, Seesh Muhal, -Imaumbarah Kolwallee, and Muchee Bhawun; and in the evening he proceeded -five miles on the Fyzabad road, to ascertain if there was a good -position we could take up, in case of an advance of the rebels in that -direction. - -The last of the guns discovered in the Seesh Muhal garden were brought -in to-day. Four of them were of very large calibre--two being -32-pounders. _Native_ reports describe the force at Cawnpore as being -hard pressed. Native reports from Allahabad were good. Much progress -made in knocking down and unroofing the houses in the _immediate_ -vicinity of the Muchee Bhawun and Residency. The Racket Court was now -filled with bhoosa for the cattle, and thatched in. We were supposed to -have nearly three months' supply of provisions now stored. The mutineers -were reported to have arrived at Nawabgunge (eighteen miles distant), -and were said to have with them some sixteen guns. - - -_June 25th._--The tower at the Muchee Bhawun was carried on this day -with great ardour. Crowds of coolies were employed under the direction -of Lieutenant Innes of the Engineers. This defence was to command the -stone bridge, the Imaumbara, and a number of high mosques facing that -side of the Muchee Bhawun. Elephants were yoked to one of the heaviest -guns,--luckily there was some gear for the purpose, and the experiment -turned out successful. - -A native rumour reported the arrival of a strong force of mutineers at -Nawabgunge, where it was said they were to remain till they had -consolidated their force. Good news came in to-day from Allahabad in a -letter from the officer commanding the 1st Madras Fusileers, dated the -18th of June, in answer to one despatched from this place on the 15th -instant. Colonel Neil's letter gave little or no detail, beyond stating -that he assumed command of the fort on the 11th instant; that there had -been much fighting, but all the mutineers were entirely broke and -dispersed, and the cantonments reoccupied. Cholera broke out on the 18th -among the Fusileers, who in two days had had amongst them 100 cases, -forty of which had proved fatal. Every effort was being made to push on -troops to Cawnpore, but the road was not open, and carriage was -difficult to procure: also that Her Majesty's 84th were close at hand, -and that the telegraphic communication had been re-established between -Calcutta and Allahabad. No authentic intelligence from Cawnpore, and -much anxiety was felt regarding the force there. - -All appearance of rain had gone off, and the heat was almost -insupportable. The river had risen about a foot and a half, and was no -longer fordable. A letter was received from Mrs. Dorin, stating that she -was residing in a hut close to Seetapore, soliciting money and -assistance, and reporting the murder of her husband. Numbers of -gun-barrels and locks were brought in from the old magazine, where a -great quantity of crowsfeet were found, and ordered to be brought in -to-morrow. Behind Mr. Ommanney's house, a very large battery was -commenced by Lieutenant Hutchinson. Quantities of grass and stores were -brought in. - - -_June 26th._--This morning Sir Henry Lawrence, accompanied by his staff, -as usual inspected the principal buildings in the vicinity of the Muchee -Bhauwn and the new round tower, at which great progress had been made, -and in which not less than 300 coolies were at work. Proceeding thence -he inspected the newly completed defences opposite the Kolwallee. On his -return, Sir H. Lawrence received a letter from Major Raikes at -Mynpoorie, giving intelligence of the capture of the city of Delhi on -the 13th instant (this afterwards turned out to be a false report). A -royal salute was ordered to be fired from the Residency, Muchee Bhawun, -and cantonments, and a _feu-de-joie_ was fired by the Irregulars, who -were quartered in the Dowlut Khana, under the command of Brigadier Gray. -Many useful stores, consisting of unwrought materials, rope, and -platforms, were brought in from the old magazine. Considerable progress -was made in a new battery for heavy guns, which had been commenced in -the rear of Mr. Ommanney's house. - -In the afternoon, a letter, dated June 23rd, was received from Colonel -Neil, commanding at Allahabad, reporting all well there; that 750 -Europeans had arrived, and that 1000 more would be with him on the next -day; that every effort was being made to despatch 400 Europeans, two -guns, and 300 Seikhs to Cawnpore, but that much difficulty was -experienced in procuring carriage. - -Also, at sunset, a letter was received from Sir H. M. Wheeler, K.C.B., -dated the 24th instant, detailing his losses, and giving an account of -the outbreak, and stating that he had supplies for only eight or ten -days at the farthest. His letter was replied to at once, and he was -informed by Sir Henry Lawrence of the news received from Allahabad, and -also that in ten days at the farthest he would receive aid from -Allahabad, and that he must husband his resources as much as possible; -that the force at Lucknow was threatened by an attack from eight or ten -regiments, three or four of which were within twenty miles. - -A reward of one lac of rupees was offered this day for the capture, -within a week, dead or alive, of the Nana, at Cawnpore, and means were -taken to have the proclamation widely disseminated. With the larger -battery commenced to the south, behind Mr. Ommanney's house, we had -three large batteries in progress, and were also busily employed in -destroying, as far as possible, any buildings that might give cover in -the vicinity. Five or six elephants were in course of training to drag -heavy guns, so as to enable us to move out without delay, should -circumstances require a heavy gun to be taken out. - - -_27th June._--This morning a letter from Lieutenant Burnes, Adjutant of -the 10th Regiment Oude Irregular Infantry, late at Seetapore, was -received. It gave an account of the mutiny at that place, and of the -escape of himself, Sir M. Jackson, Bart., and sisters (one of whom had -been carried off for some days by the sepoys and brought back), and some -others, to a place called Mitowlee, where they claimed and received the -protection (charily given) of a rajah: they were then all in the -jungles, suffering the _greatest_ hardships. It also mentioned the -safety of another party with Captain Hearsey; who, however, were also in -the jungles. Many of these seem to have had the most hairbreadth -escapes. No rain had yet fallen, and the heat was most oppressive. The -cholera had abated during the past few days, but several cases of -smallpox had, however, occurred. The river was reported to have fallen a -foot since yesterday. - -A report was in circulation early in the day, that General Wheeler had -made terms with "the Nana," at Cawnpore; but few believed it, and in the -evening it was reported incorrect, as heavy firing had been heard -yesterday at Cawnpore from Bunnee. Three boxes of crow's feet and a -great number of musket-barrels and unwrought stores were brought in from -the old magazine at the Dowlut-Khana; also a very large quantity of gun -carriage-wheels. The force at Nawabgunge was said to be increasing, but -very undecided as to what to do. A great force of coolies were at work, -and much progress was made in the defences at Muchee Bhawun and the -Residency. - - -_28th June._--This morning, at about 3 A.M., we had a heavy fall of -rain, which continued with slight intervals till 7 A.M. Sir Henry -Lawrence proceeded to Hosainabad and examined the defensive preparations -made there; returning by the Muchee Bhawun, he found that the buildings -occupied by the 32nd had hardly leaked at all. Divine service was -performed in the City Hospital (brigade mess), occupied by the officers -of the 7th Cavalry, 13th, 48th, and 71st Native Infantry, at 7 A.M. -Spies stated that the 17th Regiment Native Infantry, numbering between -250 and 300 men, had gone with five lacs of rupees to Onao on the -Cawnpore road--it was believed with the intention of proceeding to -Cawnpore. - -It having been reported that there were many jewels and valuables in the -king's palace, which might fall into the hands of the mutineers, a party -under Major Banks, consisting of fifty of the 13th, twenty Seikhs 71st -Native Infantry, and the European Volunteer Cavalry, were sent out to -fetch them in; which they did about 6 P.M., and reported that they had -discovered a large gun. - -About 7 P.M. three different natives brought in the very sad and -distressing news that the Cawnpore force, having no more ammunition -left, had entered into a treaty with their enemies, after which they had -all been treacherously murdered, as they embarked in boats to proceed -down the river to Allahabad. - -Mrs. Dorin, wife of Lieutenant Dorin, who lately commanded the 10th -Regiment Oude Irregular Forces, arrived this evening in a country cart, -disguised as a native, and accompanied by some clerks. She was for very -many days secreted in a village close to Seetapore, and her escape is -wonderful. The Serjeant-Major's wife of the 9th Regiment Oude Irregular -Infantry also arrived in a doolie, severely wounded. From 8 to 10 -o'clock P.M. it rained heavily. A letter, dated the 21st June, received -from Benares from Mr. Gubbins, giving an account of the number of -Europeans coming up the country, and describing the state of Benares and -Allahabad; reporting also an action at Delhi on the 8th instant, when -the British troops captured twenty-six guns. News also received from -Agra by letter from Captain Nixon, political agent. - - -_June 29th._--This morning, a brass gun, a 21-pounder which had been -accidentally discovered yesterday by the party who had been despatched -under Major Banks, to bring in valuables from the palace (called the -"Kiser Bagh,") was brought in, carriage and waggon all completely ready -for immediate service. Some grape shot and powder, chiefly damaged, was -also discovered in an adjacent house. - -The people in charge of the palace, without giving a thought to -resistance as it was at first expected they might do, nevertheless -showed an evident reluctance to give information where the arms, &c. -were stored. However, it came out at last, that there were more arms -within the palace, and a party was despatched to secure them. Seven -cart-loads were brought in; chiefly flint muskets, with a few spears, -&c.: 4 small guns were also discovered and brought in. - -A small party of volunteers, cavalry (twelve men including officers), -were sent along the Cawnpore road to bring in information. After going -some twelve miles, they returned, having learnt that there were some two -or three regiments not far off them. Captain Forbes, with the Seikh -Cavalry, was sent off at sunrise to patrol the Nawabgunge road. Six men -were also sent on the Sultanpore road to gain information. Both the -parties returned at sunset, Captain Forbes bringing intelligence that -the enemy were at Chinat, nine miles off. - -Our defences progressed, but labour was not so easy to procure as it had -been some days before. - - * * * * * - -The enemy being in strength so near, it was deemed advisable to withdraw -the troops from cantonments, which was quietly done at sunset; and it -being expected that the enemy would march on Lucknow, Sir Henry Lawrence -thought it advisable to move out with a strong force, hoping to meet and -oppose them before they entered the suburbs of the city. In order to -prevent any notice reaching the enemy of the intended movement, the -orders were not given out publicly till 3 o'clock on the following -morning, and at the same hour twenty Seikhs under Lieutenant Birch were -to be sent to the Iron Bridge, in order to prevent any one crossing over -with intelligence of the movement to the enemy. - - -_June 30th._--Pursuant to orders, a force, comprising 150 of the 32nd -from the Muchee Bhawun, 130 of the 13th Native Infantry, forty Seikhs of -the 13th Native Infantry, the 48th, numbering fifty bayonets, the -European cavalry thirty-six strong, the Oude Irregular Cavalry, about -ninety men, four of the guns of Kaye's battery (Europeans), two of -Alexander's guns (natives), two of Bryce's guns (natives), and an -eight-inch howitzer, found in the town a few days ago, and which was -drawn by two elephants, assembled at the iron bridge at 5.45 A.M. The -advance guard was composed of twenty-five Seikh Cavalry, and fifteen -European Cavalry; twenty Seikh Infantry, and twenty of the 32nd -Regiment, the whole under the command of Captain Stevens of the 32nd -Foot. - -The eight-inch howitzer, two guns of Alexander's battery, two of Kaye's -battery, the 13th Native Infantry, two of Bryce's guns, and the -detachment of the 32nd Foot, formed the main body, and marched in the -above order. The rear guard was composed of the 48th Native Infantry, -under Colonel Palmer; the whole force being under the personal command -of Sir Henry Lawrence. It was the Brigadier-General's original intention -only to proceed to the end of the Pucka road, to the village of -Kocaralee; and on their arrival there, our force was halted, and the -Brigadier-General, with the advanced guard, proceeded about a mile to -the front, whence no one was to be seen. The force was on the point of -being ordered to return, when it was decided to make a further -reconnaissance; and soon after the enemy were fallen in with, in -overwhelming numbers, and the force was compelled to retire with the -loss of the eight-inch howitzer, and three 9-pounders. - -The enemy came boldly on, and invested us on all sides, firing from all -the houses round, which they rapidly loopholed; they also erected a -hasty battery for the eight-inch howitzer across the river, from which -they threw several well-directed shells; and they began to collect boats -for a bridge across the river, the iron bridge being under fire from the -Redan. - - -_July 1st._--The enemy threw in a very heavy fire of musketry all day -and night. Early in the morning they advanced to attack, but were -repulsed on all sides with considerable loss from our shells, guns, and -musketry. Mr. McRae, of the Civil Engineers Department, and Lieutenant -Dashwood, 48th Native Infantry, were wounded, while assisting in working -an 18-pounder in the Post Office Battery. - -During the day attempts were made to get messengers to cross over to the -Muchee Bhawun fort; two or three men started, but as their success was -very doubtful, it was determined to work the telegraph on the top of the -Residency. This had been previously arranged by the engineer in concert -with one on the Muchee Bhawun; it simply consisted of one post with a -bar at the top, from which were suspended in one row black stuffed bags, -each having its own pulley to work it. After having attracted the -attention of the Muchee Bhawun Garrison, the greatest difficulty was -found in working the telegraph, from various causes; the chief of which -was the tremendous fire which the enemy opened on the spot directly they -saw our people on the flat open roof of the Residency. It rained rifle -balls, principally from the top of the jail, and some few of the ropes -of the bags were actually cut by them; then the pulleys went wrong, and -twice the whole machine had to be taken down, and after readjustment put -up again. After three hours' hard work under a broiling sun and a heavy -fire, the transfer of messages was at last completed. - -The message was simply an order to blow up the place and come to the -Residency at 12 P.M., bringing the treasure and guns, and destroying as -much as possible all spare ammunition. The night was anxiously looked -for, as the retreat of the retiring force might be intercepted, and the -enemy had the advantage of position. To help the movement, the -Brigadier-General gave orders that shortly before 12 P.M., the different -mortars and guns from our batteries should open fire, in order to -distract the attention of the enemy. This was carried out; especially -towards the iron bridge, by which the force must pass. - -The movement was most successfully performed; and so quick and noiseless -was the march, that at 12.15 the head of the column was at the Lower -Water Gate. Here there was some little delay, as the force not being so -quickly expected, the gates had not been opened. A very serious accident -had nearly happened in consequence of this, for the leading men, finding -the gates closed, shouted out "Open the gates," and the artillerymen at -the guns above, which, loaded with grape, covered the entrance, mistook -the words for "Open with grape," and were already at the guns, when an -officer put them right. The whole force came in without a shot being -fired. - -The explosion had not yet taken place; but soon, a shake of the earth, a -volume of fire, a terrific report, and an immense mass of black smoke -shooting far up into the air, announced to Lucknow, that 240 barrels of -gunpowder, and 594,000 rounds of ball and gun ammunition, had completed -the destruction of Muchee Bhawun, which we had with so much labour -provisioned and fortified. - - -_July 2nd._--Arrangements were made for posting and stationing the -Muchee Bhawun force which came in last night, and placing the -field-pieces in position; all of which Sir H. Lawrence himself -personally superintended. About 8 A.M. Sir Henry returned to the -Residency, and, being much fatigued, laid down on his bed. Soon after an -eight-inch shell from the eight-inch howitzer of the enemy, entered the -room at the window, and exploding, a fragment struck the -Brigadier-General on the upper part of the right thigh near the hip, -inflicting a fearful wound. Captain Wilson, who was standing alongside -the bed with one knee on it at the time, reading a memorandum to Sir -Henry, was knocked down by falling bricks and slightly wounded in the -back by a piece of shell. Sir H. Lawrence's nephew, Mr. Lawrence, had an -equally narrow escape, being on another bed close by: he was not hurt; -the fourth individual in the room was a native servant, who lost one of -his feet by a fragment of the shell. It was at once pronounced that Sir -Henry Lawrence's wound was mortal, and his sufferings were great. He -immediately sent for Major Banks, and appointed him to succeed him as -Chief-Commissioner, and appointed Colonel Inglis to command the troops. -He was then removed to Dr. Fayrer's house, which was somewhat less under -fire. About noon this day, a round shot came into a room on the lower -story of the residency, and shattered the thigh of Miss Palmer (daughter -of Colonel Palmer, 48th Regiment, Native Infantry) so dreadfully, that -instant amputation was obliged to be resorted to. All the garrison were -greatly grieved, and the Natives much dispirited at our severe loss, in -that popular and very distinguished officer, Sir Henry Lawrence. - -A perfect hurricane of jinjal, round shot, and musketry all day and all -night. Probably not less than 10,000 men fired into our position from -the surrounding houses; the balls fell in showers, and hardly any place -was safe from them. Many of the garrison were hit in places which, -before the siege, it was considered would be perfectly safe; but the -enemy fired some of them from a great distance out of the town, from the -tops of high houses, and the balls fell everywhere. - - -_July 3rd._--It is difficult to chronicle the proceedings of these few -days, for everywhere confusion reigned supreme. That unfortunate day of -Chinat precipitated everything, inasmuch as we were closely shut up -several days before anything of the kind was anticipated. People had -made no arrangements for provisioning themselves: many indeed never -dreamt of such a necessity; and the few that had were generally too -late. Again, many servants were shut out the first day, and all attempts -to approach us were met by a never-ceasing fusilade. But though they -could not get in, they succeeded in getting out; and after a few days, -those who could boast of servants or attendants of any kind formed a -very small and envied minority. The servants in many instances eased -their masters of any superfluous article of value, easy of carriage. In -fact, the confusion can be better imagined than described. - -The head of the Commissariat had, most unfortunately for the garrison, -received a severe wound at Chinat, which effectually deprived them of -his valuable aid. His office was all broken up; his goomastahs and -baboos were not with us, and the officers appointed to assist him were -all new hands. Besides all this, the first stores opened were -approachable only by one of the most exposed roads, and very many of the -camp followers preferred going without food to the chance of being shot. -Some did not know where to apply, so that for three or four days, many -went without rations; and this in no small degree added to the number of -desertions. Owing to these desertions, the commissariat and battery -bullocks had no attendants to look after them, and went wandering all -over the place looking for food; they tumbled into, wells, were shot -down in numbers by the enemy, and added greatly to the labour which fell -on the garrison, as fatigue parties of civilians and officers, after -being in the defences all day repelling the enemy's attack, were often -employed six and seven hours burying cattle killed during the day, and -which from the excessive heat became offensive in a few hours. The -artillery and other horses were everywhere to be seen loose, fighting -and tearing at one another, driven mad for want of food and water; the -garrison being too busily employed in the trenches to be able to secure -them. - -Poor Sir H. Lawrence suffered somewhat less to-day, but was sinking -fast, and at times his mind wandered. A tremendous fire all day, more -particularly on the Baillie Guard and Dr. Fayrer's house where Sir Henry -was lying. We thus early in the siege learnt that all our proceedings -inside were known (through some party or other) to our enemies. Miss -Palmer died to-day, and Mr. Ommanney of the Civil Service, was -dangerously wounded under the ear by a grape shot, while in the Redan -battery. - - -_July 4th._--A tremendous fire all night; but no effort was made to -storm our position. To the great grief of our garrison, Sir Henry -Lawrence died this morning about 8 o'clock, from the effects of his -wound. Shortly before his death, Mr. G. H. Lawrence while standing in -the front verandah of Dr. Fayrer's house, was wounded by a musket-ball -through his right shoulder. - -At night, there was a great uproar in the city, which evidently -underwent a thorough plundering. Notwithstanding this, the same heavy -fire was kept up throughout the night. Every one at work trying to throw -up some shelter for himself. In the course of the day, a 9-pounder, -brought by the insurgents and placed behind a small mosque close to our -furthest water-gate, was spiked by a private of the 32nd and four others -from Innes' post, who shot four of the enemy. The enemy were taken by -surprise while at their dinner. - - -_July 5th._--From 2 till 6 o'clock A.M., heavy rain; and extremely heavy -firing all day. Several casualties among our garrison. A soldier of the -32nd was said to have killed five men in ten shots from the Cawnpore -battery, which was subjected to a very severe musketry fire. Continued -efforts were made to collect all the horses and secure them, but it was -impossible to do anything during the day. The fire was so heavy, and the -night was so dark, it was difficult to get hold of the animals, who were -half mad; added to which four or five horses were killed daily, which -had to be buried at night by parties of officers, who, after being -exposed to a fearful sun in the trenches all day, were often out in the -rain till 12 and 1 o'clock in the morning, engaged in burying horses and -bullocks, in order to prevent the dreadful stench which would otherwise -have been increased, and which had already become almost insupportable. - - -_July 6th._--The usual amount of musketry and cannon fire all the -morning: about 2 o'clock in the afternoon it became very severe, -especially towards the Baillie Guard, which seemed the favourite point -to-day for the heaviest fire. A heavy cannonade heard about three miles -off for about half an hour. About 4 _P.M._ the flashes of the guns were -distinctly seen. The cause was unknown. The enemy digging trenches in -all directions. The carriage of one of our 9-pounders was disabled by -the enemy. - - -_July 7th._--A heavy fire all the morning. - -A sortie was made by fifty of the 32nd and twenty Sikhs, led by Captain -Lawrence, Captain Mansfield, Ensign Green, 13th Native Infantry, and -Ensign Studdy,--the latter led. The storming took place at noon. The -object was to examine M. Johannes' house, and discover if the enemy were -driving mines: it was perfectly successful, and fifteen or twenty of the -enemy were killed. Our loss was one Seikh and one 32nd slightly, and one -32nd severely wounded. - -This afternoon a very sad event occurred. Major Francis, 13th Native -Infantry, who had commanded at the Muchee Bhawun, and who was in command -of the brigade mess square, was struck in the legs by a round shot, -which completely fractured both legs, rendering amputation of one -_immediate_, and great fears were entertained for the other. He was a -brave, good officer, and much respected by all, and one in whom Sir -Henry Lawrence had much confidence. The calm manner in which he bore his -misfortune, gained him the sympathies of all. Not a murmur escaped him; -his only anxiety being a hope that the authorities would bear testimony -that he had performed his duty. The Rev. Mr. Polehampton, military -chaplain, was severely wounded in the side this day, by a rifle ball, -while in hospital. One of the walls of the Racket Court, now used as a -bhoosa gadown, fell in, and a quantity of the bhoosa became exposed in -consequence. All spare tarpaulings were immediately supplied to cover, -it, and officers and men worked hard for two hours, in a deluge of rain. -The rains, so long expected, seem now fairly set in. It commenced -raining heavily at 2 P.M., and continued pouring down the whole night. - - -_July 8th._--All very much as usual, and very heavy rain fell, which -somewhat abated the enemy's fire. Every effort was made to put the place -in some kind of order and to feed the bullocks. - -Poor Major Francis insensible and sinking: he died at 7 P.M.; and was -buried by a party of officers close to Mr. Ommanney's grave. Every -effort was made to curtail the expenditure of provision, and officers -were placed on half rations every third day. Very few servants remained, -and most of the officers had none. All were on duty thirteen and twenty -hours a day; and constant alarms took place at night, rendering it -necessary for all to stand to their arms. Fears were entertained of the -bhoosah stack taking fire, as the outer wall of the Racket Court had -fallen down and left it exposed. All available officers and men worked -hard, in heavy rain, to get it covered in again with tarpaulins. Twelve -Seikhs of the 13th Native Infantry deserted last night. All the Hindoos -and Mussulmans of the 13th, 48th, and 71st behaved nobly. - - -_July 9th._--Much rain fell during the morning. About 4 A.M. the enemy -made an attack on the Baillie Guard Gate, and about 300 showed -themselves, shouting and sounding the "Advance," on the bugle; but being -received with a few rounds of grape, and a steady fire from the 13th, -they speedily disappeared. Very much the same thing occurred soon after -at the Cawnpore battery. Continued firing all day. - -This was now the tenth day of the siege, and the heavy musketry fire on -every side had never for an instant ceased night or day; and at times -the fire was terrific. Many casualties occurred, and our want of -protection at the different crossings over from one side of the -Residency compound to the other, was very much felt. To-day, an -excellent soldier, and a man greatly respected, Mr. Bryson, formerly -Serjeant-major of the 16th Lancers, was shot through the head, while -endeavouring to strengthen his post. The enemy appeared to have had some -excellent marksmen. The commissariat began to work well, and all were -well supplied. The officers were placed, however, on half rations every -third day as a precautionary measure. Lieutenant Dashwood of the 48th -Native Infantry, died of cholera after a few hours' illness. - - -_July 10th._--This morning the enemy's fire was continued much as usual. -A sepoy of the 13th was killed early in the morning, and later in the -day a private of the 32nd Foot and an artilleryman were wounded. The -horses of the cavalry and the artillery, which, during the first days of -the siege, were loose and driven nearly mad from hunger and thirst, -galloping about and creating the greatest confusion, had now been nearly -all turned out, though not without much trouble; and fifty of the best -were retained, and secured in the Seikh square. All the bullocks were -now also secured, and arrangements made for feeding and watering them; -but numbers of horses and bullocks died, and their burial at night by -working parties, in addition to nightly fatigue parties for the purpose -of burying the dead, carrying up supplies from exposed positions, -repairing entrenchments, draining, and altering the position of guns, in -addition to attending on the wounded, caused excessive fatigue to the -thin garrison, who had but little rest night or day: there were few -officers with more than one servant, and one third certainly had _none_. -In all duties, the officers equally shared the labours with the men, -carrying loads and digging pits for putrid animals, at night, in heavy -rain. All exerted themselves to the utmost, alternately exposed to a -burning sun and heavy rain. Towards the middle of the day, the enemy -fired less than they had previously done on any occasion since the siege -commenced. - -We received no news from any quarter, but sent off many letters. Every -exertion was made to grind up the wheat in store by hand-mills; and this -day thirteen maunds and two seers were ground. The firing towards the -afternoon to-day was very slack, comparatively speaking. There was a -comparatively slight cannonade. An injured 9-pounder in the Cawnpore -battery was removed by us and replaced by another. - - -_July 11th._--About 1 o'clock this morning the whole force stood to -their arms, in consequence of some information which was received, -reporting that an attack was immediately intended. The force remained -prepared till daylight, when, as usual, a smart firing on all sides -began. An artilleryman was killed at Captain Simmons's battery. The -enemy fired several round shot, and were most persevering in keeping us -on the alert, and worrying us as much as possible. Their fire had never -yet ceased day or night: sometimes it was heavier than at others, but it -never abated altogether on any side. - -At night the officers buried a horse which had died close to the brigade -square; the night was intensely hot and close, and the labour was -excessive:--the horse having died on the Pucka road, had to be dragged -to a considerable distance before a grave could be dug. A great many of -the stores were also brought up from the church by the assistance of a -fatigue party of officers, who had all the carts to load and unload. Two -of the 32nd Foot were killed during the night, which passed off with a -heavy fire. - - -_July 12th._--The heat still excessive, and the fatigue of the garrison -was _very_ great. Enemy were most persevering, and loopholed every place -within fifty or sixty yards of our defences. They were evidently -determined to do their best to get into the position, and had closed in -on every side. We had no intelligence from any quarter; for though we -had sent out many messengers, not one returned. - -About 8 o'clock in the evening the enemy made an attempt to attack the -Baillie Gate; but fell back, on being received with shells and musketry. -About 12 P.M. they renewed their efforts on Mr. Gubbins's side with -similar effect. They repeatedly sounded the advance, and were frequently -heard abusing each other for not advancing. In half an hour they -retired, and for the rest of the night they contented themselves with a -heavy fire on the Cawnpore battery. - - -_July 13th._--The heat was dreadful, and garrison were greatly fatigued. -The enemy reoccupied Johannes's house, and fired smartly down the -street, killing two sepoys and wounding a conductor: they also pushed -close up under the Redan, and greatly annoyed our outposts. Lieutenant -Charlton of the 32nd Foot was shot through the head in the church, and -very dangerously wounded. Several shells were fired into Johannes's -house, and the walls of the house opposite to it were loopholed. -Nevertheless we could not dislodge them, and they annoyed us greatly. -The Havildar-major of the 13th was wounded through the thigh to-day. - -The enemy possessed many excellent marksmen, and fired so many shots -from every point that it was exceedingly dangerous to be seen anywhere, -even for an instant: they fired several logs of wood bound with iron, -and were evidently at this period hard up for round shot. In the evening -they fired several carcases, and succeeded once in setting the Residency -on fire; but it was soon extinguished. All the European officers -laboured hard to get the supplies out of the church. - - -_July 14th._--Heavy rain, thunder and lightning, and night intensely -dark. No alarms, and less firing than usual. Heavy rain at daybreak, -which cleared off at 9 o'clock, when the enemy assembled in force. They -were apparently undecided how to act, for they moved about in various -directions, and in about half an hour retired altogether; but they fired -many carcases, shot, and logs of wood shod with iron, and displayed -several new batteries. We threw up a traverse near the Post-office gate, -in order to save our people from the fire from Johannes's house, which -was very sharp. Our sharp-shooters killed four of the enemy in -Johannes's house. Four Seikhs of the 13th deserted, leaving their arms -and accoutrements. Still no information of any kind. - -Enemy erecting new batteries; one of which opened about 5 P.M. with a -9-pounder on the gable end of the brigade mess, occupied by the ladies -and children, and the roof of which was held by a party of officers, -assisted by six men of the 32nd. At the first discharge, a soldier of -the 32nd had his thigh fractured, rendering amputation necessary. They -fired several iron shot, which tore away the parapet; but fortunately no -one else was hurt. The night was very dark, and the enemy fired a great -deal; more particularly on Mr. Gubbins's post, where Lieutenant Lester -was mortally wounded: towards daylight the fire abated. Several cases of -cholera. The enemy's fire to-day destroyed a 9-pounder of ours, smashing -the axle tree all to pieces. - - -_July 15th._--The enemy opened fire from their 9-pounder battery, -situated about fifty yards from the end of the brigade mess, and fired -many shots; but the garrison laid close, and up to 3 P.M. no casualties -occurred. Towards the middle of the day, the enemy's fire lulled to a -greater extent than it had ever done since the siege commenced. - -The stores out of Anderson's house got in; the house being entirely -destroyed by round shot; though still nobly held by the garrison. A -mortar moved down to the gate of the Post-office, behind the traverse, -and several shells were thrown into Johannes's house. All much as usual. -The enemy fired three rounds of grape into the Redan battery during the -night, but fortunately hit no one. - - -_July 16th._--The heat during the night was fearful. A slight alarm -about 2 A.M., but it was soon over. The enemy fired smartly throughout -the night, and in the morning sent several round shot through the roof -of the brigade mess, and hit the Residency. They were busy, besides, -making batteries in the garden of Johannes's house, and opposite the -13th and the Cawnpore battery. - -We shelled the enemy heavily during the forenoon, throwing them far into -the town and across the river. Lieutenant Bryce was badly wounded in the -thigh early this morning; and later in the day, Lieutenant O'Brien of -the 84th was shot through the arm. In the evening the enemy kept up a -heavy fusilade, and we shelled them smartly; they fired a shell which -narrowly escaped falling into our bhoosah stack. At half-past 11 -o'clock, they fired a good deal on the Cawnpore battery, and made a -feint of attacking, but finding us well on the alert did not do so. Our -wheat-grinding operations continued, and we now had hand-mills -sufficiently well worked to grind twenty maunds of atta daily. During -the night we threw up a stockade and traverse, as a protection against -the musketry which swept the entrance of the Residency. - - -_July 17th._--The heat excessive. A very heavy fire during the night, -and the garrison kept on the alert, preventing rest and greatly -fatiguing all. Several cases of cholera and deaths of children occurred. -Twenty-two maunds of wheat were ground. - -To-day a bad accident occurred: Lieutenant Alexander, of the Artillery, -and Captain Barlow, 50th Native Infantry, in firing a mortar, were most -severely burnt by the piece going off at the time of loading. The enemy -sent two shells into the Residency which exploded, but fortunately -caused no loss of life. The stench from putrid animals was most -offensive. Painful boils about the head were very prevalent. The wounded -doing well. The prisoners and main guard removed to another place, in -order to give more room at the hospital. - -The enemy were busy making more batteries and intrenchments. In the -night about 12 o'clock, the enemy made an attack on Mr. Gubbins's -position, but were received with a steady fire, and soon driven back. - - -_July 18th._--Rain began falling about 4 A.M. and continued to do so -till 8 A.M., when the heat became insufferable. The enemy fired several -round shot, which hit the brigade mess; and they also took up an -annoying position in one of the towers which remained of the Ferad Buksh -gate. They were, however, speedily dislodged by a few exceedingly -well-directed shots from Lieutenant Bonham, from an 18-pounder in the -Post-office. Two children died of cholera. In the evening the enemy -fired many round shot into the Post-office, Dr. Fayrer's, Mr. Gubbins's -and the brigade mess house: they evidently had been reinforced in guns. -At night, Brigadier Inglis, Captain Wilson, Lieutenant Innes, and Ensign -Birch, proceeded to the gate with eight Europeans, and dragged in a body -that was seen lying near the gate, and which it was supposed might be -the body of one of our spies shot coming in. It was safely brought in, -and found to be the corpse of a woman. Nothing was found on the body. -The enemy got into the turret on the top of Mr. Johannes' house, and -fired into the Cawnpore battery: fortunately no casualties occurred, and -the night, which was fearfully oppressive, passed away with a heavy fire -from the enemy. - - -_July 19th._--Dreadful heat: cloudy, but no rain. Enemy fired round shot -all the morning. About half-past 9 a large shot passed through a room in -the Residency, in which the officers were at breakfast, fracturing the -leg of Lieutenant Harmer, 32nd Foot, but providentially injuring no one -else; about the same time Lieutenant Arthur, 7th Cavalry, was shot dead -(through the heart) in the Cawnpore battery. Our 18-pounder fired -several shots, and we threw several shells. The enemy seemed to be at -work at the Muchee Bhawun, probably looking for shot which had been -buried in the ruins. - -About 12 o'clock to-day the enemy sounded the advance, and threatened an -attack on the Redan. A few shells, however, soon made them give up all -idea of coming on. They got into Johannes' house in force, and fired -steadily into the cook-house of the brigade mess. - -Much drunkenness prevailed amongst a few of the garrison, who had stolen -quantities of liquor, which could not be discovered. From the -commencement of the siege, the large quantities of liquor in the hands -of the merchants caused much anxiety, and every possible endeavour was -made to get it all into safe custody. One or two alarms during the early -part of the night. Mr. Polehampton (wounded and in hospital) died this -day from cholera. - - -_July 20th._--From midnight the enemy remained unusually quiet, and at -daylight all seemed much as usual. About half-past 8 A.M. it was -reported that a very large body of men could be seen marching about in -different directions within a few hundred yards of our position. A sharp -look-out was kept, and the garrison stood to their arms. At a -quarter-past 10, the enemy sprung a mine inside the water gate, and -about twenty-five yards from our inner defences: the explosion was -great, and was evidently intended to have blown up our Redan battery, -and also to act as a signal; for immediately the dust and smote -subsided, a very heavy fire of round shot was commenced from every gun -that the enemy possessed, followed immediately almost by a terrific fire -of musketry, under which the enemy made an attempt to storm the Redan -and Innes' house. The garrison were ready, and every one at his post, -and the attack was coolly met and repulsed; however the enemy advanced -boldly and came up within twenty-five yards of the battery in immense -force, but were unable to withstand the fire of our men. - -They made a similar attempt on Innes' house, but were similarly repulsed -by the garrison, consisting of twelve men of the 32nd, twelve of the -13th Native Infantry, and a few uncovenanted gentlemen, under Ensign -Loughnan (who distinguished himself greatly): very great loss was -inflicted on the enemy, who repeatedly tried to advance, but were driven -back each time with much slaughter. Finding their efforts useless, the -enemy fell back, and contented themselves with throwing in a terrific -storm of musketry; from which we shielded our men as much as possible, -by keeping them laid under our defences. Almost at the same time an -attack was made on the Cawnpore Battery, but the enemy's standard-bearer -(who advanced bravely) being shot in the ditch of the battery, the rest -fell back. The enemy now moved towards Lieutenant Anderson's house and -Captain Germon's post, with scaling-ladders, but were well received and -fell back with much loss. The attack was now over, though for the rest -of the day, until 4 P.M., the enemy threw in a heavy fire; when it -gradually subsided: the attack was mostly confined to the points above -noted. - -In the afternoon they succeeded in making a lodgment in some pucka -cook-houses inside our abattis, and began to use a crowbar, which was -distinctly heard. We made a hole through to them from above, through -which they fired, injuring no one; but on our throwing down some hand -grenades, they fled across the road, two being shot by the officers who -were watching from above. The 13th, 71st, and 48th sepoys all behaved -well, and the manner in which the outposts were held, was beyond all -praise. The uncovenanted distinguished themselves greatly. We had -fortunately only four men killed, and some twelve wounded: Captain -Forbes, Lieutenant Grant, Lieutenant Edmonstone, and Mr. Hely, were -wounded. All were under arms from eight in the morning until eight at -night, and greatly fatigued and worn out. - - -_July 21st._--All very quiet during the night. The enemy were probably -fatigued with their exertions yesterday, for throughout the night only a -few round shot were thrown in. About 10 A.M. the enemy lodged themselves -in some force in the low buildings between the Seikh courtyard and Mr. -Gubbins's post, but were driven out by a few shells, and were fired on -by the officers of the brigade mess, as they ran across a small lane: -they did not attempt to reoccupy the position during the day. About 12 -o'clock, Major Banks was killed by a musket-shot through the head, as he -was reconnoitring from the top of an outhouse. Mr. Gubbins's garrison -was fired on smartly during the morning, and many round shot were sent -into Mr. Gubbins's house; the garrison of which had many alarms during -the day. Painful boils very prevalent. A dreadful stench pervaded the -place in consequence of the number of dead horses and bullocks, which, -lying direct under the fire of the enemy, we were unable to remove. -Excessive heat, and several cases of cholera. Great fatigue; no news. -Poor Dr. Brydon severely wounded in Mr. Gubbins's house. Two Europeans -killed, and two wounded; also one of the 13th sepoys. - - -_July 22nd._--Very heavy rain began to fall at 1 A.M., and continued -till 8 A.M., when it cleared off. During the heavy rain, the enemy only -fired slightly. After 8 A.M. it became more brisk, and they fired -several round shot, but were not very active during the forenoon. -Cholera still prevalent. Our numerical strength much diminished, as we -had had 151 casualties in the 32nd Regiment alone. The enemy moved the -8-inch howitzer from its old position, and brought it across the river -by elephants, with a tumbril behind it. Up to this date, we had no -intelligence of any kind from any quarter, and, indeed, we had received -none since the 27th ultimo. Many messengers were sent with letters, but -not a single line did we receive in reply. A letter was sent off to -Cawnpore to-day, and conveyed by a man named Ram Singh, a Seikh subadar -of the 63rd Native Infantry. The enemy steadily loop-holing all the -houses close round about, and evidently up to some new attempt at our -position. - -At dusk heavy rain; we got out a strong working party, and opened our -large powder magazine, and after much labour and exertion got up 150 -barrels out of the 240 we had buried. The night was pitch dark, and the -rain fell heavily, and the work being outside of our entrenchment, over -which all the barrels had to be handed out of mud knee deep, rendered -the work fearfully fatiguing. Many of the officers and civilians worked -for five hours at this work. Only a few shots during the night. Boils -still very prevalent. A Seikh from the cavalry deserted. One or two -cases of cholera. Mortification having set in, Mr. Hely's arm was -amputated. - -The buildings outside Mr. Gubbins's position were shelled at sunset, and -after we had driven the enemy out, we made a sortie through the wall (in -which we had cut a large hole), and rushed out and examined the houses -in which the enemy had been. We failed to find any trace of mining. We -lost one man of the 32nd, killed. Mrs. Dorin was killed dead by a musket -ball in Mr. Gubbins's house to-day. - - -_July 23rd._--Very heavy rain during the night. About 2 A.M. the enemy -sounded the "turn out," and at 3 the "assembly." About 1 A.M. a native -pensioner, who left us on the 27th to gain information, came in, and -said he had been confined by the enemy thirteen days, but had been to -Cawnpore and left it two days ago,--that a British force with twelve -guns was there; that they had fought three times with the Nana's troops, -and had completely beaten them, taking many guns, and that they were -crossing the river preparatory to advancing to our assistance. He stated -that he had not brought a letter, for fear of being detained by the -enemy; he vouched to the truth of his statement, declined a pecuniary -reward, and was urgent to go back quickly while it rained heavily and -all was quiet comparatively. He left in two hours, taking a small note -for the officer commanding the forces. - -At daylight there were fewer of the enemy than we had yet seen about, -and those less active; though they still fired smartly all around. -Stench from dead animals in some parts dreadful; as we had very few -servants of any kind and our fighting men were so few and so harassed, -that we were helpless to bury them. Heavy showers both day and night, -keeping the garrison constantly drenched to the skin, and making all -most uncomfortable; particularly as few had a change of clothes. Enemy -fired slackly during the afternoon. Cannonaded their bridge of boats, -which was broken by our 18-pounder shot. Several cases of smallpox. Sick -and wounded much crowded. The upper story of the hospital being under -fire of round shot, the wounded were, from the commencement of the -siege, confined to the ground floor, which with difficulty contained -their beds. At night it rained hard; and in spite of all difficulties, -we succeeded in getting up the remaining ninety barrels of powder, and -safely deposited them in the centre of our position. A false alarm about -12 o'clock at night, that the enemy had got into the churchyard. - - -_July 24th._--Morning fair and cloudy. The enemy endeavoured to repair -the bridge of boats, but were prevented by the fire of our 18-pounder. -The heat and stench terrible, and the flies were beyond endurance, -contesting every particle of food with us, and preventing all attempts -at rest during the day. Only a few round shot thrown, but the enemy -actively at work about forty yards from the Redan battery, in a deep -trench. Advantage taken of the temporary lull to repair some of our -defences, which had sunk a great deal in consequence of the heavy rain; -but our men, reduced in numbers and harassed to death day and night, -were not capable of any prolonged exertion. Every possible effort was -made to grind wheat, and from twenty-five to thirty hand-mills were kept -steadily at work, producing an average of twenty maunds of flour daily. -The 48th Regiment Native Infantry have had seven, and the 71st Regiment, -upwards of fifty desertions, since the commencement of the siege. - -About dusk, the enemy, for the first time, sent in many shells; which, -however, caused no loss, fortunately. The commissariat department busy -with the stores, getting ghee up from the Round House; while a fatigue -party of officers, under Captain Radcliffe, threw up earth, and -heightened the traverse across the road, near the Post-office gate. -Lieutenant Hutchinson, of the Engineers, accompanied by Lieutenant -Birch, crept down in the dark, and examined, as well as they could, the -enemy's works in the immediate vicinity of the Redan. Night dark and -cloudy. - - -_July 25th._--The night passed away tolerably quietly; the enemy firing -several 18-pound shot into the Cawnpore battery. At daylight they were -tolerably quiet, contenting themselves with musketry; but about 8 A.M. -they fired an 8-inch shell, which fell through the centre of the roof of -the Post-office, and lodged on the table on which the officers of that -post breakfasted; fortunately it did not explode, and no mischief was -done. Immediately after, several shells, apparently thrown out of -mortars, were thrown in, and continued to be so during the forenoon. One -fell in the verandah of the Post-office, and shattered the hand of an -artilleryman. Two men of the 32nd were shot this morning by the enemy's -sharp-shooters. Still not one word of intelligence from any quarter, -though this was now the twenty-sixth day we had been besieged. We knew -nothing; but the most absurd rumours were afloat amongst the natives, -and indeed among many of the Europeans, who were credulous enough to -believe them. Removed the powder out of the place in which we had it, to -a tykhana under the Begum Kotee which the engineers considered safer -than where it was first removed to. Very slight firing on the river -side, but the enemy still very active near the Redan. Much difference of -opinion existed as to the object of the work; the majority believed that -they were mining, while the engineers thought they were only making a -trench. Although the earlier part of the morning had been quiet enough, -towards 11 and 12 o'clock, a very sharp fire was opened and maintained -on the side of the Post-office and Cawnpore battery. - -The casualties on this side alone amounted to six, besides three others -in different places, which made the total of the day's casualties one of -the heaviest on record. Towards evening the enemy commenced shelling us. -Seven shells were sent in, but did no damage. Opinions differed whether -they were discharged from howitzers or mortars. - -About 11 P.M. a pensioner, who had been sent out from this on the 22nd -instant with a letter, effected his entrance into Mr. Gubbins's -compound, and produced a letter which he had brought back from the camp. -He was at once brought to Brigadier Inglis and examined. The -letter proved to be one from Lieutenant-Colonel Fraser Tytler, -Quartermaster-General with General Havelock's force. It was determined -to transmit to General Havelock by this man a plan of our position and -of the roads approaching it, with memoranda drawn up by the engineers. - - -_July 26th._--At daybreak cloudy and sultry: enemy tolerably quiet, but -about 8 A.M. they threw in several shells. From 11 to 1 very heavy rain, -and a partial cessation from firing, during which Lieutenant Lewin of -the Artillery, who was reconnoitring from the Cawnpore battery, was shot -dead by one of the enemy's sharp-shooters. Enemy recommenced shelling -from the city side: few of them to be seen, all being under cover. -Supposed to be mining at the Cawnpore battery. A countermine commenced -by us, out of the house next the battery; but having no workmen except -our harassed soldiers, the work was slow; however, as the engineers -seemed to entertain little or no doubt but that the enemy were mining, -it was necessary to endeavour to counteract them. Little musketry fire -during the afternoon; the enemy throwing in heavy shot, fired at a great -elevation (apparently out of howitzer). One or two cases of cholera. -Garrison in good spirits at the prospect of early relief. - -A letter and plan of our position forwarded at night by a messenger to -the officer commanding the relieving force: 5000 rupees promised the -messenger if he brought a reply. Suddenly at 10 P.M. the enemy commenced -a heavy fire along the whole of the city front of our position; but -nothing came of it, as after a few shells had been thrown amongst them, -their fire gradually subsided, and all became tolerably quiet again. -During this heavy firing, a sad accident occurred; Lieutenant Shepherd -of the 7th Cavalry being shot dead in the brigade square, by a shot -fired from the top of the brigade mess by one of our garrison. This was -the only casualty of the night. - - -_July 27th._--From midnight all quiet, save the usual musketry fire. -Cloudy, sultry weather. About 7 A.M. two planks were observed laid -across the road in front of Johannes' house. They were not seen the -night before, and being carefully watched, a man's hand was seen coming -up from below; and soon after some eight feet of earth fell in, showing -the direction of a mine of the enemy right across the road, and pointing -direct for our stockade, within six feet of which it had apparently -reached. This was a most fortunate discovery for us: they had evidently -kept this mine too near the surface, and the heavy rain had broken it -in. Our mine continued to be pushed on as rapidly as possible, and our -sharp-shooters from the top of the brigade mess kept up so hot a fire on -the enemy's sap from above, that they could make no attempt to repair -the mischief. Much fever prevalent, consequent on being constantly wet -day and night. - -Towards the afternoon, the enemy again covered their trench with boards; -but we got a mortar under our wall, and after one or two failures, a -shell fell right into the hole and blew all the planks away, leaving the -remains of the trench exposed to view, giving us no further anxiety. -Fine weather in the afternoon. Enemy heard mining towards the brigadier -mess; on which a shaft was commenced by the officers, and the enemy -ceased working. Late in the evening, the enemy were very distinctly -heard mining towards the Seikh lines; on which the Seikhs, under -Lieutenant Hardinge, commenced and sunk an eight feet shaft; hearing us, -the enemy seemed to stop working. All quiet, with the exception of the -usual amount of firing. Fever, diarrhoea, dysentery, and painful boils, -from constant wet and exposure, still prevalent amongst the garrison. -Mrs. Grant (wife of Lieutenant Grant) died of cholera. Captain Boileau, -7th Cavalry, was wounded to-day. - - -_July 28th._--Much shouting and bugling amongst the enemy during the -early part of the morning: heavy rain at daylight. Made repairs to the -Redan battery, also made a small field work for a 9-pounder. Sickness -much increased, and for many days past only one engineer officer was -available for duty: hard work, privation, and exposure day and night to -wet and heat, few could long stand against. We had no further news of -our coming friends, but trusted that to-day they would reach Bunnee. - -The enemy threw in several shells, also a number of stink-pots, which -were a very curious composition of large pieces of our exploded iron -shell sewn up in canvas, and surrounded by flax and resin, with dry -powder in the centre: these, from the commencement of the siege, had -been thrown in daily from a howitzer; they made a fearful hissing noise -and great stench, and finally exploded. They were not very dangerous, -unless they exploded _very_ close to a person. We also had a few rockets -thrown in, but not many; and lately a number of shrapnel shells, fired -apparently from a howitzer with a very great elevation. The enemy's -miners could now be distinctly heard working close to the Seikh Square -sap. - -The room in the Residency containing the jewellery and valuables -belonging to the late King of Oude, was broken into last night by some -of the garrison, and most of them stolen. Enemy tolerably quiet in the -afternoon. About 5 P.M. our sap in the Seikh Square, which had been -going on as fast as we could push it in the direction of the enemy's, -met theirs, which they continued to work to the last moment. On our -crowbar, however, going through into their gallery, they instantly fled -out of it, and commenced to fill in their shaft. We immediately made use -of their gallery, and blew the whole up with 100 lbs. of powder, which -brought down all the adjacent houses, &c. After this the enemy tolerably -quiet. Good progress made in our Cawnpore sap. - - -_July 29th._--A fine moonlight night. Enemy fired many round shot about -daylight, and also musketry from the houses across the road; they also -threw in many carcases, which nearly all fell in the vicinity of the -Cawnpore battery. No intelligence. All were anxious for the relieving -force, which we thought could not be far off. Our Cawnpore sap loaded -with 200lbs. of powder, ready to explode whenever it might be thought -most advisable. Colonel Halford, 71st Regiment Native Infantry, who had -been long ill, died this morning. - -A few convalescents joined the ranks, giving more room in the hospital, -which was greatly overcrowded in consequence of all the patients being -obliged to be kept on the ground floor, as also the state prisoners and -their servants; the round shot passing so frequently through the upper -story as to make it impossible to make use of it. Rumour stated that the -enemy had gone out in force to meet our coming army, and had left two or -three regiments of infantry, and a body of military police, to keep us -in; but it was most difficult to tell what force we had opposed to us, -as the enemy seldom or never showed in any number, but kept in the -houses under cover, occasionally yelling, bugling, and throwing in a -heavy fire, then subsiding into the usual steady fire which went on -night and day. - -Firing of cannon heard in the direction of Cawnpore. We hoped it was our -friends. All anxious, but all conjecture. Enemy recommenced mining -towards our mine in the Cawnpore battery. About 6 P.M., a heavy firing -was heard for about five minutes in the road from Cawnpore, and in about -half an hour, several guns were heard in the direction of cantonments; -this made us think it was a salute fired by the enemy for some reason or -other; probably to reassure themselves. However, all is conjecture; but -it threw our garrison into a great state of excitement, and many (indeed -most) stoutly maintained it was our force. About 300 or 400 sepoys were -seen at the same time running across the iron bridge towards cantonments -in great haste. We fired two shots at them with an 18-pounder. - -The excitement gradually cooled down; the enemy keeping up their usual -fire. Another mine was discovered this evening, by a portion of it -falling in: it was running in the direction of Sago's house. Lieutenant -Grant of the Bombay army, whose wife and child died a few days ago of -cholera, died in hospital this night, from the effects of his wound: his -right hand had been blown off by a hand-grenade. A fine moonlight night. - - -_July 30th._--From 2 A.M. till daylight heavy rain. Enemy got in close -under the wall of the Seikh lines, and began some kind of operations -against it; they were so close that no musket could be fired, being -under a projecting piece of the wall; they were, however, dislodged by a -few pistol shots, and ran off. No further incident occurred during the -night, beyond that there was the usual amount of firing into our -position, and bugling on the part of the enemy. After daylight enemy -fired slackly. Terrible stench in many parts of the garrison from -half-buried corpses and animals, which we had no time or means to bury -properly. Several cases of fever, cholera, and smallpox. - -About 9 A.M. a number of sepoys and matchlockmen were seen coming along -the Cawnpore road, and for about an hour and a half a continuous stream -of men came in in detached parties of twenty and thirty: some sepoys -were among them. Slack firing during the forenoon, only a few shells and -musketry. In the afternoon, heavy rain for an hour. Unable to discover -what the enemy were about. Considerable progress made in a sap, which we -had sunk in an outhouse close to the corner of the brigade mess-house, -where most of the children and ladies were located. At first the enemy -were heard mining towards us, but since yesterday we had not heard them. -We continued, however, to steadily push our sap, hoping either to come -across that of the enemy or succeed in getting under Johannes' house; -from which they fired all day long on any one who showed himself. -Yesterday an artillery sergeant, who incautiously crossed the road -commanded from Johannes' house, was shot through both legs. The enemy -had many riflemen, and some of them were most expert shots, firing -through our loopholes. - -About 8 P.M., as Captain Wilson, Lieutenant Barwell, Lieutenant James, -and Mr. Lawrence were sitting on the chubootra of the Begum Kotee, a -shell came in and exploded as it struck the parapet of the wall under -which they sat, bringing it down. Lieutenant James, who was lying -wounded on his bed, had a most wonderful escape. A large piece of -masonry, weighing upwards of a hundred weight, fell on his bed, breaking -it to pieces, and bringing him down on the ground; but he was uninjured. -Mr. Lawrence received a severe contusion on the back and head from -falling masonry; and this was the extent of the damage. Mrs. Clarke, -wife of Lieutenant Clarke of the 21st Native Infantry, died this -evening: bad food, privation, confinement, and smells of all kinds, -worked their effects. - - -_July 31st._--A fine night, and the usual firing. At daylight, the enemy -commenced firing heavily on the Church and Residency, from a 24-pounder -planted in the neighbourhood of the iron bridge. They also threw in many -shells, and fired their guns from the Clock Tower Gate. Our 18-pounders -and mortars were employed until 10 A.M. in silencing the enemy's fire. -Our sap from the brigade mess made good progress across the road, -towards the outhouses occupied by the enemy. Several children have -lately died: privation the chief cause. We had received no information -whatever since the 26th instant, the date on which we received the only -letter we had yet received since the 27th of June. Our reinforcements -were due to-day, and their non-arrival led us to suppose that the enemy -had succeeded in breaking down the bridge at Bunnee, and arresting the -progress of our friends. The flies dreadful,--preventing all rest during -the day, and disputing our food with us. The enemy continued to throw in -shells all the forenoon, till 2 P.M. when we had a heavy shower: after -that, the firing continued as before. In the evening we repaired our -defences as far as we could, as, owing to the heavy rain, the earth had -settled very considerably. A fine moonlight night, and all quiet, save -the usual amount of round shot and musketry. - - -_August 1st._--Still no intelligence of any kind, which caused much -anxiety, more particularly as some of our supplies for natives were -likely to be at an end in twenty days' time. Weather very hot and -sultry; small painful boils, covering nearly the whole body, very -prevalent. Many deaths among the children, and sickness on the increase. -Great inconvenience felt in the hospital for want of space; the sick and -wounded sadly crowded, and the building very badly ventilated, as the -lower story was hardly safe from shots. Enemy threw in many shells this -morning, and fired unusually sharp with their heavy guns, till about 10 -A.M., keeping our guns and mortars fully employed in keeping down their -fire. Heat very great; fire gradually slackened off towards noon, but -recommenced sharply again about 5 P.M. Many round shot, shell, and -carcases came in. One of the latter fell into the courtyard of the Begum -Kotee, within a few feet of the table at which the staff and -commissariat officers were at dinner; but no one was hurt. Several cases -of cholera occurred to-day. Efforts made to improve and strengthen our -defences during the moonlight nights; but the engineer officers were all -sick, and little was done. Our sap in the brigade mess was pushed -steadily on, and had attained thirty-eight feet from the shaft this -evening. - - -_August 2nd._--Fine moonlight night. Sharp firing during some portion of -it. Many rockets were thrown in early in the morning. Mr. Hely of the -7th Cavalry died this day of the wound he received on the 20th ult. An -artillery sergeant was mortally wounded this morning in the Redan. Enemy -fired a salute of some forty guns about 11 A.M. A Seikh sowar of the 3rd -Irregular Cavalry deserted to the enemy this morning. The Bhoosa stack -fell down to-day, burying ten or twelve bullocks; which, after much -labour, were got out. Seven of them were unfortunately dead; thus -entailing more labour, as at night we had to bury them: no slight task -in such weather, with our jaded and harassed garrison. Towards the -evening a heavy cannonade was kept up on both sides. About 5.30 P.M. an -eight-inch shell from the enemy struck the Begum Kotee, and, breaking -right through the outside wall, exploded in the room in which Lieutenant -James of the Commissariat and Mr. Lawrence of the Civil Service were -lying on their beds wounded, with one or two servants in the room; -providentially all escaped, though the room was set on fire. Heavy -firing till midnight. - - -_August 3rd._--Smart firing till daylight. Every possible effort was -made to strengthen our position and raise the height of our defences. A -soldier of the 32nd Foot was shot dead this morning in the centre room -of the hospital; showing how little safety anywhere existed against the -enemy's fire. - -A new loophole on the top of the brigade mess, which it was discovered -commanded a distant and much frequented lane in the city, was made use -of by Lieutenant Sewell, armed with his Enfield rifle; the distance -being not above 750 yards, the conical bullets most effectually cleared -the lanes of the sepoys, as they lounged up it, and quickened the paces -of the citizens as they crossed and recrossed. - -Enemy unusually slack in firing after dark till about 10 P.M., when they -recommenced firing, and continued it during the night. The engineers -continued their endeavours to strengthen our position, by heightening -the abattis near the Redan. A fine moonlight night. Several cannon shots -were heard in the distance, but no intelligence of any kind reached us. - - -_August 4th._--The enemy fired a great number of rounds from their guns -at intervals during the night. Musketry fire was slack this morning. No -news of any kind. Could get no messengers to go out with a letter, -though it was made so small that it went into half a quill; but it had -been spread abroad that the enemy would kill any one leaving the -garrison, and this deterred any one from endeavouring to carry a letter -to our friends, no matter how great the reward might be that was held -out. - -Many officers and men are laid up with fever and dysentery. Our stored -attah was nearly expended, and in a few days' time we should have to -commence that which we had ground, which now amounted to about 500 -maunds. At 2 P.M. the firing of all kinds was very slack; indeed, for -long intervals, not a shot was to be heard. The officers, also, who -relieve one another as look-outs on the top of the Residency, reported -that a smaller number of men than usual were to be seen on the move. An -Eurasian attached to the party working Dr. Fayrer's guns, was shot dead -while working the 18-pounder guns this day, by a man said to be not -sixty yards off. Several convalescents have been moved from the hospital -to other quarters, and with happy results both as regards themselves and -those left in the hospital, which greatly wanted a free circulation of -air. Towards dusk many shells came in, and one exploded in the second -brigade square; fortunately, it was seen coming, and no harm ensued. The -powder magazine was made as secure as possible, by putting heavy beams -across the roof, and covering them with two feet of earth. A fine night, -but very much firing till midnight. - - -_August 5th._--Sent off another letter to the officer commanding the -relieving force, of which we could gain no intelligence; though we -conjecture the advance of our force had been arrested by the enemy at -the bridge of Bunnee. Heavy showers during the day. Musket-proof -shutters were completed for the embrasure of the 18-pounders to the left -of the hospital. Many of the convalescent patients removed to the Thug -Gaol Barracks, which gave them a slight change, and created more room in -the hospital. Efforts made to clear some of the drains, and reduce the -stench which pervades the garrison. At sunset the enemy were seen at a -distance in some force, with drums and fifes playing, marching from the -direction of the river towards the Cawnpore road. Soon after, they threw -many shells into us, and continued to do so for some time. About 8 P.M. -all became tolerably quiet. - - -_August 6th._--The enemy fired several shots, from a 24-pounder, at the -Residency, one of which unfortunately fractured the arm of Ensign Studdy -of the 32nd Foot, as he sat down to breakfast; rendering amputation -necessary. This gun caused us great annoyance, from its calibre, and -firing so frequently as it did into the Residency. Unfortunately its -distance from our position, and its situation in the midst of buildings, -rendered it impossible to take it by the bayonet; neither could our -gunners see it, so that to shell it was our only resource. - -Less firing than usual. The enemy again ascended into the upper story of -Johannes' house, and from thence caused much annoyance to the position -of the brigade mess, where the cooking went on. They succeeded in -killing a sweeper. Terrible heat; Brigadier Inglis suffered from its -effects. Various rumours afloat in the garrison; some of which seemed to -have originated either with a servant of Mr. Gubbins, or some member of -his post. The Residency is at last to be entirely vacated by the -officers of the 32nd and others now resident there. Last night was spent -in earthing in the magazine, as several shots had lately gone -unpleasantly near, A carcase came into the Begum Kotee in the afternoon, -into the room in which Lieutenant James (wounded), Mr. Lawrence -(wounded), and Ensign Keir (sick), were lying; it set some of the things -in the room on fire, but was speedily extinguished without injury to any -one. Much bugling, drumming, and firing towards evening. After dark the -enemy fired heavily from their guns in front of the Residency. Our -engineers and a working party were busy all this night at Innes' house, -making a battery for an 18-pounder, to be moved down in order to -endeavour to silence a 24-pounder of the enemy's, which had been doing -much mischief by firing through the church and Residency. About 9 P.M. a -sepoy of the 1st Oude Irregular Infantry, who took out a letter to the -officer commanding the relieving force, came in; he stated that he had -delivered it, and that he had received a letter in reply which he had -lost in coming in to us. Half-an-hour later, another man, a sepoy of the -48th, who had been sent into the town two days previously to try and -gain intelligence, returned, and stated he had been confined several -days by the enemy; and he in a great measure corroborated the statement -of the sepoy of the 1st Oude Irregular Infantry: this loss of the letter -was a great mortification to us, as it might have explained what was at -this time inexplicable--the retirement towards Cawnpore of General -Havelock's force, after apparently the greatest success on this side the -Ganges. - - -_August 7th._--We worked hard at our new battery at Innes' house, and -got it ready; an 18-pounder was taken down and in position by daylight, -whence it commenced firing, and soon silenced the enemy's guns. The -enemy, however, fired heavily from some others, and about 8 A.M. a shell -burst close to the Residency and mortally wounded two of the best men in -the 32nd, the one a colour-sergeant and the other an orderly-room clerk. -Captain Waterman of the 13th was wounded through the hand by a musket -ball at Innes' post this morning. Several cases of cholera. Every effort -made to increase the number of men to grind wheat for the force. -Exceedingly heavy rain during the middle of the day. The hose into our -mine near Johannes's house got damped, and required all the tamping to -be removed. Our position greatly flooded, which rendered it most -wretched for those who had to be in trenches night and day. The -artillery canteen closed, in consequence of the gross irregularities -which prevailed, and its contents removed to the canteen of the 32nd -Regiment, from which the artillery were in future supplied. The heavy -rain seemed to make the stench which pervaded the place worse, and this -evening it was fearful. Several cases of cholera occurred to-day. The -enemy's cannon knocked down a portion of the verandah of the Residency, -also the verandah of Delprat's house at the Cawnpore battery: a few -shells came in in the evening. - - -_August 8th._--A tolerably quiet night. Dr. McDonnell, of the 41st -Native Infantry, died early this morning of cholera. A soldier of the -32nd was shot, and a native woman-servant of Mrs. Banks had her thigh -broken by musketry at Mr. Gubbins's post this forenoon. - -A heavy smoke was distinctly seen in the far distance in the direction -of the Cawnpore road. Many reports were made of heavy firing being heard -in the same direction: a Sikh attached to the cavalry brought repeated -accounts of it, but no European, save Captains Forbes and Hawes, of Mr. -Gubbins's post, could say he heard it. The natives (some of them) very -anxious about the arrival of the reinforcements, of whom we could hear -nothing. - -In the afternoon, a regiment of infantry, about 600 strong, with drums -beating, marching in quarter distance column with colours, was seen -marching through the city, in the direction of the Cawnpore road. - -Seven hundred yards from the brigade-mess was a street in the city which -was commanded by Lieutenant Sewell's double Enfield rifle, and on which -spot he had killed several sepoys and others: this was this afternoon -barricaded right across, which was a nuisance, as it entirely obstructed -our view of what passed along. Lieutenant Bryce of the artillery, who -had been severely wounded, died of cholera. - -No intelligence came in this evening, and much anxiety as to our -reinforcements was evinced by some of our native troops and servants. -Rice was served out to most of the natives in lieu of flour, and wheat -to the native camp-followers, in order to husband our stock of flour. -All the tea and coffee for the Europeans expended; the last issue being -made yesterday. This was the first day on which we had no casualty. - - -_August 9th._--The heat excessive, and children sank rapidly under the -effects of want of good air, food and exercise: several deaths occurred -among them, both yesterday and to-day. The enemy fired heavily in the -morning, but providentially, no one was hurt. Ensign Studdy, who had had -his arm amputated from the effects of a 24-pounder shot, died this -morning. The enemy were thought to have recommenced mining near the -Redan battery. - -Divine service was performed in the brigade mess-house to all officers -not on duty. No signs or symptoms of our reinforcements. In the middle -of the day Ensign Loughnan of the 13th (on duty at Innes' house) went -out with a few men and quietly spiked a small gun of the enemy's, and -returned without any loss. A very heavy shower in the evening, which -filled our trenches. One or two doolies were seen going across the -Goomtee, accompanied by sepoys. About 9 P.M. a Seikh sowar of the 3rd -Oude Irregular Cavalry came in by the Seikh battery. His having been -permitted to pass the enemy's outposts induced a belief that he had come -in to try and make the other Seikhs desert; consequently he was placed -under British bayonets, and not allowed to converse with any one. - - -_August 10th._--About 10 A.M. a great number of sepoys, probably 1600, -were seen, with two guns, marching up our left flank and across the -Cawnpore road, behind their trenches. Very shortly after, a large force -was seen to be approaching the bridge of boats from cantonments; and, in -consequence, all were quickly at their posts. About half an hour after, -the enemy fired a shell into the Begum Kotee, which appeared to be a -signal; for the instant after, a mine was sprung opposite to Johannes's -house, which blew in a great portion of the house occupied by Mr. -Schilling and the Martiniere boys, and entirely destroyed our pallisades -and defences for the space of sixty feet. One of the heaviest timbers -was pitched right on the top of the brigade mess-house, among the -officers and men of the 32nd, who occupied the post. As soon as the -smoke blew away, the enemy pushed up, under a tremendous musketry fire, -right into Johannes's house and garden, and into all the buildings close -round the Cawnpore battery; but all their efforts to enter our position -were met with such a steady fire, that they fell back, and kept up an -incessant fire of musketry on our defences. About thirty of them, -however, lodged themselves in the ditch of the Cawnpore battery, within -a few feet of our guns. A hand grenade was rolled over right into the -centre of them, on which they bolted and ran back, exposed to a sharp -fusillade from our people on the top of the brigade-mess. - -While this was going on, a very sharp attack was made on Mrs. Sago's -house, where the enemy blew up a mine, which destroyed some of the -outhouses and blew two soldiers out into the road, outside our defences: -extraordinary to relate, they fell unhurt, and got safely back to their -posts. The enemy then made their attack, but were soon driven back with -considerable loss, and confined themselves to keeping up a tremendous -storm of round shot and musketry on our position, which after two hours, -in a great measure, subsided. About 5 P.M., they made a sudden rush on -Captain Saunders's post. One of the enemy even seized a bayonet of one -of the 84th Foot, and tried to wrench it off through a loophole, but was -instantly shot; after a smart fusillade, which lasted for about 25 -minutes, they withdrew, and gradually the fire ceased. - -About 9 P.M. a third attack was made, and was similarly repulsed; nor -were these efforts confined to the places above noted. At Innes' house, -Anderson's, and Mr. Gubbins's post, large bodies of men came forward, -bringing up large scaling-ladders, several of which they abandoned. -During the day, we lost three Europeans and two sepoys killed, and about -twice that number wounded. Our garrison were under arms the entire day, -the heat was excessive, and all were greatly exhausted; nevertheless, -every officer and man remained under arms all night: after 10 o'clock -all became tolerably quiet. Captain Power, of the 32nd, who had been -wounded early in the siege, died in hospital to-day, and Major Anderson, -chief engineer, was reported very dangerously ill. The enemy must have -had a considerable loss this day, as a great number of them were seen to -fall; and we threw 150 shells, besides great quantities of round shot -and grape, from which also many casualties must have occurred. - - -_August 11th._--A slight alarm about 2 A.M., after which all subsided -into the usual routine firing. A very fine morning, very little to be -seen of the enemy, who however were not idle, as they were to-day busily -employed constructing earthworks and trenches in various directions -close to our position. Early in the morning the enemy fired many round -shot, some of which struck the Residency, already much shattered; and -about noon a very distressing accident took place. There was a high -wind, and it brought down a great portion of the left wing, on the -ground floor of which, in a room, six men of the 32nd were asleep. They -were completely buried in the ruins. Two were got out alive after very -great exertions, but the remaining four were left under the ruins. -Immediate arrangements made for the removal of the few European women -and children who still occupied one of the rooms on the ground floor. - -Major Anderson, chief engineer, died during the afternoon. He had been -ailing before the siege, but on the commencement rallied somewhat, owing -to the excitement and novelty of the position. Latterly he fell off -again, and to-day expired; his death no doubt hastened by the -impossibility of any change of air or diet. The look-out officers -yesterday reported having seen some few doolies going across the river -with sepoys after the day of attack, and to-day some dead and wounded -were also seen being conveyed away. The enemy were busy close under Mr. -Gubbins's ramparts, whence they had once before been expelled by some -hand grenades. At the corner of the Seikh square also, from across the -road, they amused themselves by pushing out over the wall bamboos with -lighted straw at the end; but with what object was not very clear: in -the meanwhile not one of them showed themselves, but kept well under -cover. Smart firing in the evening. The corpse of a soldier of the 32nd -was extricated from the ruins of the Residency; three others still -remained. - - -_August 12th._--A fine moonlight night. About 3.30 A.M. the enemy -suddenly commenced a very heavy fire of round shot and musketry, which -lasted for three-quarters of an hour. We kept close, and hardly fired a -shot, beyond throwing a few shells. At day light, they commenced a very -heavy cannonade and musketry fire on the Cawnpore battery; this -gradually became so sharp, that it was impossible to work our guns, or -even remain in the battery; and we were obliged to withdraw every one -but the sentry, as the enemy's round shot had destroyed our musketry -shutters, and completely swept the battery: later in the day, our -sentry, the only man in the battery, was killed by a round shot. This -portion of our position caused us great anxiety, as we were quite unable -to hold it as it should be held; we would not withdraw our guns, for -fear of giving the enemy confidence. The enemy were busily employed -to-day also in digging close to Sago's house. In order to see what they -were about, at 12 o'clock a sortie was made with twelve Europeans of the -32nd Foot under Lieutenant Clery, accompanied by Lieutenant Hutchinson -of the Engineers. The enemy were, however, well on the alert, and had a -large covering party over their work, and as our men appeared, they -threw in such a heavy fire that our people were compelled to retire; -this brought on a very great fire from all that side of the enemy's -attack, and they kept up a smart fire of round shot and musketry for -fully an hour, when it gradually subsided. Finding we were unequal to -meet the enemy by a sortie, we determined to push on our mine as fast as -possible, and continue working all day and night, hoping to blow them up. - -In the evening we had as strong working parties of Europeans as we could -afford, and removed from the Cawnpore battery, a 9-pounder which had -been disabled by a round shot of the enemy. We also dug a trench and -threw up earth on the top of our parapets, and endeavoured to our utmost -to repair the damage the enemy had done, and make the place as strong as -possible. Several shells came in after dusk. The heat throughout the day -was excessive, and there were several fatal cases of cholera, and also -several deaths among the children, who were all greatly emaciated. - -In the evening, a letter to General Havelock, rolled up and put inside a -quill, was despatched by the hands of an old woman; she left our -position about 9 P.M., and we hoped, would be permitted to pass the -enemy's sentries without being stopped. During the past forty-five days, -we had sent by different hands, in a similar manner, some twenty -letters, to only one of which was any reply received. The garrison, very -greatly harassed and fatigued from continued exertion night and day and -want of rest. - - -_August 13th._--An excessively hot night. During the early part of the -morning the enemy threw in a very heavy fire, which lasted for nearly -half an hour, when all subsided into the usual routine firing. - -Our mine near Sago's house was pushed on all night with the greatest -possible speed. Every possible means was adopted by the enemy to prevent -our miners working, and as only a wall and a few feet of ground divided -the two parties, they resorted to squibs, rockets, brickbats, and lights -at the end of bamboos, to annoy our workmen. As the latter were thrust -forward with the hope of setting fire to our tiled outhouses, the ends -were successively cut off by us. Several reports alive in the garrison, -but on what grounds, or how stated, no one could say. However, as these -were all more or less favourable to us, and encouraging to the natives, -if credited, no harm was done. - -Shortly before 10 A.M. the engineers reported our countermine as ready; -the neighbouring outposts and garrisons were duly warned, and the mine -fired, with the happiest results: the brick house in which the enemy -was, and from which they had started their mine, settled down, burying -all inside; the earth was thrown up to a considerable height, and only -one outhouse of our own, of no consequence, destroyed. Up to the last -moment, the people inside the enemy's mine were hard at work, and after -the explosion the groans of the sufferers were plainly audible. In the -course of the day, some few of the enemy were shot from Sago's post. In -the afternoon, after several shells had been thrown in to drive as many -out as possible, it was determined to go out and see what the enemy were -doing near Mr. Gubbins's post. A hole being cut in the wall out of our -defences, a party of Europeans, with the engineer officers, went out and -found a deep trench dug through the outhouses for some distance towards -our position. The work was not deemed of any great importance, and after -it had been well examined, the party withdrew. - -Many cases of fever to-day, and four deaths in hospital among the -Europeans. Enemy very quiet during the evening; unusually so, till about -10 P.M., when they threw an 8-inch shell into our position. This -appeared to be a signal; for instantly they commenced a tremendous fire -with round shot and musketry, which lasted half an hour, and completely -lit up the darkness around. They were busy mining us in several places, -and their workmen could be distinctly heard at work. Our engineers were -hard at work, trying with the best means at their disposal to frustrate -their efforts; but our people were so harassed that they were not -capable of any prolonged exertion. A shaft, however, for a mine was made -in Mr. Anderson's house, and sunk to the extent of eight feet, in view -to running a sap to meet the enemy. Heat very great, and mosquitoes, -bugs, and fleas most troublesome. - - -_August 14th._--Enemy unusually quiet all the morning; more so than they -had yet been. Our people were all busy preparing new sandbags, as the -old ones were so rotten, from long exposure to the rain, that they would -bear no removal: also in countermining the enemy from out of a corner of -Anderson's house. A Mater came in this morning, but could give no -information. Provision for the cattle growing short; and every means -adopted to reduce the daily consumption. The various look-outs reported -no movement of the enemy: in a word, it was the quietest day we had yet -had. About 4 P.M. they began a more brisk fire. Many cases of fever and -several deaths amongst the children. Many rumours abroad regarding our -relieving force; but all was conjecture. Most of our outpost houses were -now so riddled with round shot, that it was a wonder how any of them -stood up at all: indeed most of them were in ruins, and at Mr. -Anderson's house part of the garrison had been twice pulled out of the -ruins which had suddenly fallen on them; nevertheless, these posts, in -spite of many casualties, were held with the same courage and devotion -as was displayed the first day of the siege. At dusk we had a severe -thunderstorm, with exceedingly heavy rain, which lasted for several -hours, falling in a complete deluge; the night was exceedingly dark, -with extremely vivid lightning. Captain Fulton and Lieutenant Hutchinson -of the Engineers went down and examined all the outhouses in Dr. -Fayrer's premises, to see if any mining operations could be heard. They -afterwards went down to the Buxee Khana, and examined the wall in front -to some distance. - - -_August 15th._--Heavy rain till about 3 A.M., when it cleared away, and -the morning was beautifully clear and fine. The enemy fired salvos of -two and three 18-pounders at once into the Cawnpore battery, and brought -down all the outer wall of the house alongside it, which we used as a -guardroom; making the place so hot we were obliged to retire our men -from it during the heaviest part of the cannonade. Lieutenant Bonham -received a severe contusion, from bricks knocked out on him by an -18-pound shot; and later in the day the sentry left in the front part of -the battery was killed by a round shot. Lieutenant James Alexander was -shot through the arm while laying an 18-pounder in the Hospital battery. -Several servants and six bheesties of the 32nd deserted last night. At -night, advantage taken of the dark to repair as much as possible the -damage done to-day to the Cawnpore battery. About 9 P.M. a pensioner -named Ungud, who had been sent out with a letter, returned, bringing a -letter from Cawnpore. This was the first night since the siege began -that no burial took place. - - -_August 16th._--Great progress made in our mine out of Lieutenant -Anderson's house, which had now reached a distance of twenty-five feet -from the shaft. Also much done in the way of making the Cawnpore battery -more secure. Brigadier Inglis slept in it himself. In the early morning -the enemy fired a great many round shot, and brought a new gun into -position, to play on the corner of the brigade mess-house; also one -which fired on Mr. Gubbins's post, but which was soon silenced by a -9-pounder placed in position against it. Divine service performed in the -brigade-mess to a few officers who were off duty, and to the ladies. -Much round shot fired during the day, but fewer sepoys in sight than -usual. Every possible effort was made to curtail the expenditure of our -provisions, and make them last as long as possible. The enemy threw in -three 8-inch shells during the evening, and fired several round shot -during the night. - - -_August 17th._--The remaining portion of the Residency was deemed unsafe -by the engineers, from the number of round shot that had come through -it; and arrangements were made to remove the Europeans. The heat -extreme, a heavy cannonade from daylight till 9 A.M., when it gradually -slackened. A few round shot were fired through the Residency during the -morning. Much progress was made in the mine out of Lieutenant Anderson's -house, and a new shaft sunk in the Martiniere School, in view to running -a sap towards Johannes' house. The Seikhs mined well, and the payment in -cash of two rupees per man for each night's work made the work popular. -Between 4 and 5 P.M. the enemy recommenced a slight cannonade, doubtless -stirred up by some shells which were thrown during the afternoon. -Towards dusk the enemy threw in several shells, and at midnight an -8-inch, which nearly hit our laboratory. - - -_August 18th._--At daylight the enemy exploded a large mine under one of -our principal posts in the outer square, occupied by the Seikhs; the -three officers and three sentries on the top of the house, were blown up -into the air and fell among the debris. The guard below were all, -however, buried in the ruins, and lost their lives: they were two -bandsmen of the 41st, two of the 13th, and a sepoy of the 48th Native -Infantry. The officers, though much stunned, on recovering themselves -ran away, and all three escaped unhurt. - -When the smoke had blown away, we discovered that a clear breach had -been made into our defences, to the extent of thirty feet in breadth. -One of the enemy's leaders sprung on the top of the breach, brandishing -his sword and calling on others to follow; but he fell dead instantly -from the flank fire of the officers on the top of the brigade-mess. -Another instantly followed and shared the same fate, when the rest of -the force declined making a home rush. On the first springing of the -mine, our garrison was at once under arms, and the reserve of the 84th -Foot (eighteen men) were immediately sent down and placed in a position -which commanded the breach from the right; while boxes, doors, planks, -tents, &c., were rapidly carried down to make as much cover as possible -to protect our men against musketry: also a house was pulled down and a -road made for a gun; and, after incredible exertions, a 9-pounder was -got into a position which commanded all the breach, and was loaded with -a double charge of grape. The enemy, by means of some barricaded lanes, -contrived to creep up and get possession of the right flank wall of the -Seikh square; but our mortar and a 24-pounder howitzer drove the main -body off, and a sudden rush at noon cleared away the rest. We reoccupied -all the ground we had lost in the morning, and also took possession of -the houses previously held by the enemy, and which were situated between -the Seikh square and Mr. Gubbins's house. No time was lost in destroying -them, and by sunset 400lbs. of gunpowder had cleared away many of the -houses from which the enemy had most annoyed us. By this time the breach -was securely barricaded against any sudden rush, and at night a working -party completed it. In addition to the eight men lost in the explosion, -we had this day one of the 32nd killed, and a volunteer (M. De Prat) and -three of the 32nd wounded. Nothing could exceed the zeal with which -_all_ the natives worked to secure the breach, and make a road for a -gun. The heat was fearful, and this was one of the most harassing days -we had, all ranks being hard at work from daylight till dark, under a -dreadful sun. Lieutenant Fletcher, 48th Regiment Native Infantry, on -look-out duty at the top of the Residency, was shot through the arm, and -had his telescope shivered by a rifle-ball, while reconnoitring. -Lieutenant Graham was also hit on the chest with a spent ball. For -further accounts of the explosion of the mine, see the report of the -disaster by an eye-witness, marked (II.) in the Appendix. - - -_August 19th._--The enemy rather lively with their large guns this -morning. Firing more particularly at the guard-rooms on the top of the -brigade-mess, which were by this time well-riddled. About 2 P.M. the -engineers, Messrs. Fulton, Hutchinson, and Anderson, with a small party, -went out on the premises which we yesterday seized, for the purpose of -blowing up some more houses and buildings. This party was supported by -some Europeans and Seikhs, kept inside the square. The enemy showed -nowhere, and save for a few dropping shots, their presence would not -have been known. - -It is worthy of notice, that even through the Pucka buildings, the enemy -dug communicating trenches, probably to escape the effects of our -shells; which, however, they had not always been successful in doing, as -several pools of blood showed us. In the afternoon we experienced a -smart cannonade, and about dusk had a heavy shower which stayed it for a -while, and after 8 P.M. it subsided nearly entirely into a musketry fire. - - -_August 20th._--A heavy fire of musketry towards daylight, when the -enemy began the heaviest cannonade we had yet had; particularly on the -Cawnpore battery, in front of which they had put another gun in -position. For three hours they fired continually, and a great portion of -Mons. De Prat's house fell in. Their round shot came in through the Thug -Jail, and enfiladed it; fortunately it struck high, and no casualty -occurred: they also threw some shrapnel, as yesterday. Our guard rooms -on the top of the brigade mess were now entirely demolished by round -shot, which came through them almost unceasingly. An 8-inch shell went -into the Residency, and exploded on the staircase. A soldier of the 32nd -Foot was killed in the 18-pounder battery, at Dr. Fayrer's, by a -musket-ball which struck him in the head. We were busy all night at our -mine, which was now completed, and we hope to be able to load it and -have it ready to fire by daylight to-morrow morning. Many men were seen -in the early part of the day, moving about in the bazaar (most of them -sepoys). It was difficult to say what they were about, as they were -moving both ways. Lieutenant Cunliffe of the artillery was slightly -wounded this morning in the knee by a musket ball. Great mortality -amongst the children in the garrison, and a great deal of sickness -prevailed, particularly fever. All the tea and sugar for the Europeans -had been for some time expended, save a small supply which had been -reserved for the use of the sick and wounded. The enemy again commenced -to undermine the lane running from the Cawnpore battery behind the -brigade-mess, and were also engaged in some other work to the right of -Johannes' house. Much firing during the evening. Captain Lowe of the -32nd Foot, had a very narrow escape; an eight-inch shell burst close to -him in the trenches, and slightly wounded him in the hand, and cut off -the arm of a soldier alongside him. The enemy made an attempt to burn -down the gates at the Baillie Guard, by eluding the vigilance of the -sentries and piling up logs of wood and combustibles outside the gate. -It burnt fiercely, but was soon extinguished by the water-carriers of -the 13th, without damage to the gates: the fire was the signal for a -heavy fusillade, which lasted nearly half an hour. - - -_August 21st._--At daybreak all was prepared and ready for the -blowing-up of our mine, and the simultaneous sortie of fifty Europeans -under Captain M'Cabe and Lieutenant Browne (divided into two parties), -for the purpose of spiking the enemy's guns which fired into the mess -house, and in order to hold Johannes' house while the engineer officers -blew it up. Precisely at 5 P.M. the mine, containing 400 lbs. of powder, -was sprung, and as soon as the dust and smoke had in a measure subsided, -the party ran out, drove the enemy (who were taken by surprise, and made -but a slight show of resistance) from their guns (two), and spiked them -both, and retained possession of Johannes' house, while the engineers -made arrangements for blowing it up. These were soon completed, and the -party withdrawn. A slow match was applied, and the house laid in ruins. -Our losses were one of the 84th killed, one sergeant (84th) mortally -wounded, one of the 32nd dangerously wounded, one slightly wounded, and -a sergeant of the artillery killed. The operation was entirely -successful, and rid us of a house from which the enemy had, from the -commencement of the siege, annoyed us greatly. Captain Barlow, of the -50th Native Infantry, died somewhat suddenly in hospital this morning. -The grass and jungle all round had grown to a very great height, and -would have given cover to a number of men to approach close up to our -position unobserved. In the afternoon, a boy about twelve years of age -was seen close to the Baillie Guard gate, picking up bullets that had -been fired. A sepoy of the 13th on sentry-duty saw him, covered him with -his musket, and compelled him to come in. An eight-inch shell fell on -the top of the Residency about 9 P.M., and exploded, fortunately without -injuring any one. - - -_August 22nd._--Mrs. Green, of the 48th Native Infantry, died early this -morning. There had been also many deaths among children during the few -previous days. Many of our supplies were entirely expended, and the -garrison were put to great inconvenience for the want of tobacco, of -which for some time past there had been none to issue. Still more -stringent measures adopted to prevent the consumption of flour; and -wheat was issued to all non-combatants who had time to grind it. A fine -clear night, with less musketry and more cannon firing than usual. Many -of our defences were greatly injured from the late heavy rain and the -incessant cannonade of the enemy. Last night repairs were made to the -Cawnpore and Redan batteries, both of which still required much to be -done to them. To-day an European sentry inside the Baillie Guard gate, -was shot dead by a rifleman: the ball went through some sand bags put up -for his protection. A sepoy of the 13th was also hit in the knee this -morning from the same loophole. Arrangements were made to knock the -place down to-morrow morning at daylight with a 24-pounder howitzer. -Sergeant Ryder, of the artillery, was killed dead by a musket ball -to-day in the churchyard. Up to this date, we had lost since the siege -commenced on the 30th of June, by killed, wounded, and sickness: 101 men -of the 32nd Foot, not including officers; and of the detachment of the -84th, consisting originally of fifty men, eleven had been killed and -died of wounds and disease since the above date. Reports of distant -firing being heard, vague rumours were afloat; but these excited little -attention _now_, so often had they been in circulation, giving rise to -false hopes of our reinforcements being near. - -Captain Hawes, of the 63rd Native Infantry, was wounded this afternoon -by a musket ball through the side and arm, while on the look-out from -the top of the defences at Mr. Gubbins's post. After dark we had two -eight-inch shells and several shrapnell sent in. One of the former -carried off the leg of a native (who died soon after), and slightly -wounded another. Repairs continued in the Cawnpore and Redan batteries. -The want of tea and sugar much felt, and very large prices offered for -stores of any kind. - - -_August 23rd._--A heavy cannonade from the enemy, from daylight till -about 10 P.M., when it slackened. Their principal efforts were against -the brigade-mess house and Cawnpore battery; the former they seriously -damaged, and succeeded in entirely levelling the guard-houses on the -top; both of which had fallen in, and there was no longer any cover for -our musketry to fire from. Our ranks were rapidly thinning. Two men were -again this morning mortally wounded by musketry fire. The enemy were -busily employed in digging on all sides, more particularly in front of -the Redan; but it was very difficult to say what their object was, as -they dug deep trenches in all directions. Continued reports of distant -firing being heard. The enemy fired heavily from their guns in the -afternoon, and did considerable damage to our defences. A working party -employed after dark, making a magazine for the powder and shells lodged -in the Post-office. - -We had work nightly for at least 300 men; as we had the defences to -repair daily, supplies to remove from godowns which were fallen in from -the effects of the enemy's shot, mines to countermine, guns to remove, -barricades to erect, corpses to bury, and rations to serve out; but with -our weak, harassed, and daily diminishing garrison, we could seldom -produce as working parties more than three fatigue parties of eight or -ten men each relief; and the Europeans were capable of but little -exertion, as from want of sleep, hard work night and day, and constant -exposure, their bodily strength was greatly diminished. The enemy threw -in an 8-inch shell about 9 P.M. and fired all the evening. Divine -service was performed at the brigade-mess in the morning, and in the -afternoon, at Dr. Fayrer's; the sacrament was administered on both -occasions. - - -_August 24th._--This morning, at about 2 o'clock, the enemy opened a -very heavy fire, both of round shot and musketry; commencing and -concluding the same apparently on the signal of a fireball thrown up on -each occasion. The Judicial Garrison house, under command of Captain -Germon, being in a most dangerous state from the effects of round shot, -all the women and wounded men, also children, were removed from that -post, as well as from all the other outposts in that quarter, into the -Begum Kotee in the neighbourhood. A sergeant of the 84th was dangerously -wounded coming up from Mrs. Sago's house, by a sharp-shooter. Lieutenant -Bonham, of the artillery, was busily employed perfecting his -arrangements for using an 8-inch mortar as a howitzer. The experiment -succeeded very well yesterday evening. - -The verandah of the Residency on the west side came entirely down this -morning. The commissariat stores in the godown underneath were removed -in the evening, as some of the arches of the lower story were cracked, -and a heavy cannonade would have brought the whole place down. -Arrangements were made this day for still further reducing the rations -of Europeans. A kitmutghar came in from the city last night: his account -was so suspicious, that he was placed under an European guard, as he -might have tampered with the natives. To-day we threw two shells a long -way into the city, in the direction of the palace. The enemy tolerably -quiet; towards the middle of the day confining themselves to -sharp-shooting at every one they saw move about in our position. Mr. -MacRae of the Civil Engineer Department was very badly hit in the -shoulder this afternoon, while assisting in laying a mortar in the -Post-office; and a sergeant and a private were badly wounded early in -the day, while going to their post. The enemy possessed many excellent -rifle shots, and fired out of their loopholes from the houses around -with great certainty; occasioning us a daily loss of from three to five -men. Two sepoys of the 13th were also slightly wounded by random shots -before daybreak this morning. Several shells came in this evening; and -about 12 P.M. the enemy opened a tremendous fire on all sides, of round -shot, grape, and musketry, which lasted for an hour: the fire was very -heavy, but they made no effort to storm, though their bugles sounded the -advance repeatedly. - - -_August 25th._--There was the usual heavy cannonade this morning from -the enemy, which continued from 5 to 9 A.M., when it slackened. All the -remaining porter in store (thirty-nine casks) was got out of the -Residency, and removed to another place, consequent on the unsafe state -of the building; nearly one half of which had fallen from round shot, -and the remaining portion was likely to follow. The magazine for the -Post-office battery completed. In the night two sepoys of the 11th were -slightly wounded by random shots. Several coolies were seen coming -through the bazaar from the direction of the Cawnpore road. -Sharp-shooting all day long from the enemy, who had also got a new gun -in position to the right of Mr. Gubbins's post. One mine completed, and -three others steadily progressing; the enemy digging on all sides. - - -_August 26th._--The enemy commenced the day with a very heavy fire of -round shot and musketry a little before daylight, which subsided in a -great measure in about half an hour. Their earthworks had been added to -during the night; but it was difficult to distinguish new work, as the -whole of our position was now surrounded with them on every side quite -close up to us. A jemadar of the 71st was shot dead near the Redan this -morning by one of the enemy's riflemen. The house of Innes was reported -to be in a dangerous state, in consequence of the repeated round shots -through it. Also reports were made of the enemy mining at the Redan. The -enemy unusually quiet, and very little firing went on during the middle -of the day, but they were busily employed in making trenches round us in -every direction, and worked particularly hard in front of the Redan, -with many coolies. No intelligence whatever. One or two servants -deserted last night, and there were reports that all the servants were -thinking of leaving us, unless our reinforcements arrived soon. - - -_August 27th._--A good deal of rain during the night. A heavy cannonade -from the enemy, and the usual amount of musketry fire all the morning. - -To-day, the supplies of the late Brigadier-General Sir Henry Lawrence, -K.C.B., were sold by auction. The brandy realised from 140 to 160 rupees -(16_l._) per dozen; beer averaged from 60 to 70 rupees (7_l._); sherry -70 rupees; hermetically sealed hams from 70 to 75 rupees (7_l._ 10_s._) -each; a bottle of honey 45 rupees (4_l._ 10_s._); rifle gunpowder, 16 -rupees per lb. (1_l._ 12_s._); small cakes of chocolate, from 30 to 40 -rupees (3_l._ to 4_l._); and other things in proportion. Sugar (had -there been any for sale) would have commanded almost any price. - -The enemy brought another gun into position opposite the racket court, -and where we had no means of replying to them. A soldier of the 32nd was -very seriously wounded this morning by a musket-ball, while sitting in -the verandah of Dr. Fayrer's house. In the evening a 3-pounder shot -killed a soldier of the 32nd and carried away the arm of another. A -native officer of the 13th was wounded through the foot by a -musket-ball. Our miners (working in the gallery we had run out -thirty-three feet to the right of the brigade mess-house) heard the -enemy distinctly mining towards us. Their sap seemed to run for the -centre of the brigade mess. - - -_August 28th._--Heavy rain nearly all night, which considerably injured -our sap to the right of the brigade mess, in consequence of it leaking; -the rain ceasing at daylight, we set to work, and in a few hours got if -cleared out, and had our people at work again. A good deal of fever -prevalent, and great mortality among the children, who faded away -rapidly from want of proper food. A smart cannonade at daylight from the -enemy, who fired heavily with two guns on Mr. Gubbins's house; -fortunately no casualties occurred. Last night, three men deserted to -the enemy from Mr. Gubbins's post. One, a chuprassee of Mr. G.'s, took -with him 400 rupees (40_l._) belonging to different people; four -servants belonging to officers also deserted. - -Lieutenant Bonham fired his mortar, equipped as a howitzer, fourteen -times during the day, against the new battery erected against Mr. -Gubbins's post, and with considerable success, having struck it ten -times; but their battery was of great strength, and required a good deal -more battering to do it much mischief. We waited with impatience for the -enemy's miners to break through our gallery, and were obliged to stop -our own men, as the enemy left off work immediately they heard our -people's pickaxe. - -This night we learnt, by a letter from General Havelock, dated Cawnpore, -the 24th instant, that we had no hope of being relieved for another -twenty-five days. - - -_August 29th._--Cooler weather. Our miners busily employed endeavouring -to break into the enemy's gallery, which, though quite close to our own, -had not yet been found. The magazine sergeants at work, making an -expence magazine in the Begum Kotee. The upper story of Mr. Gubbins's -house was no longer safe, owing to the numbers of round shot through it, -and the ladies were removed. Much difficulty was experienced in finding -quarters for them, every place being so crowded, and the ladies were -already four and five together in very small badly ventilated native -buildings; dreadful smells pervading the whole place, from the -half-buried bodies of men, horses, and bullocks, and also from the -drains--some of which were fearfully offensive, as we had no means of -attending to them. Several more servants deserted last night; which -caused the very greatest inconvenience, as already very few officers had -any. About 10 A.M. our miners broke into the enemy's gallery, which they -immediately abandoned, and began to fill in the shaft; we as instantly -applied a barrel of powder at the farther end of their sap, and blew up -their work altogether. Our men brought away their lantern, tools, and a -bottle of oil, which in their haste they had left. Very heavy rain all -the forenoon. - -Sickness became daily more prevalent, and a number of officers and "the -uncovenanted" were daily placed on the sick list. To-day it was decided -to issue one month's pay after the 1st proximo, for the month of July. -The heavy rain caused one of the enemy's mines, running towards the -outpost called Mrs. Sago's house, to fall in. This mine was never known -to us, or even suspected. Many and grave doubts and suspicions were -entertained that the enemy were running a mine towards the Redan -battery. Captain Fulton, Garrison Engineer, did not, however, share in -this opinion. A native artilleryman, who belonged to a number -entertained by Mr. Gubbins, deserted from his post while on sentry over -one of the guns in Mr. G.'s compound. A European sentry fired at him, -but did not succeed in hitting him. - -Now that it appeared evident that the siege must last in all probability -another month, increased care and vigilance in the issuing of all stores -was observed. The rain cleared off towards evening. A considerable -cannonade all through the night. - - -_August 30th._--A heavy cannonade all night. Four half-castes -(Christians) one of whom had been made a local sergeant, and was -head-writer in Captain Weston's office, deserted to the enemy; having -broke open the door in the barrier they had to defend, and left the post -unprotected. He took with him, in addition to Captain Boileau's gun, -five drummers, formerly in the king of Oude's service, two drummers of -the 48th, and some ten native servants. An eight-inch shell burst in the -native hospital this morning, killing one native and wounding two -others. An attack was expected to-day, and everything was prepared as -far as possible to repel it. A good many cases of fever. Divine service -was performed at the brigade mess at noon, and at Mr. Gubbins's house at -2 P.M., when the sacrament was administered, and at Dr. Fayrer's house -at half-past 5 P.M. To-day, Lieut. Bonham, of the artillery, was very -severely wounded by a musket-ball, while sitting in the doorway of the -Post-office: he was a very great loss to the garrison, having very -greatly distinguished himself throughout the siege; particularly in the -accuracy with which he used his mortars, and the excellent practice he -had made with a mortar which he had made to act as a howitzer. This was -the third time he had been wounded since hostilities began on the 30th -of June. Very little firing during the middle of the day, and not much -movement observable among the enemy. A European soldier of the 32nd died -very suddenly to-day; he lost the use of his side from sleeping in the -wet trenches, and died in hospital a few hours after. Europeans and -natives all greatly distressed on account of the want of tobacco, of -which we have had none left for distribution for a considerable time -past. Great difficulty was experienced in getting shelter for women and -children; so many houses had been destroyed by the round shot and shells -of the enemy: all suffered greatly from being crowded together in low, -small, badly ventilated buildings. The dreadful stench which pervaded -that part of the defences held by the commissariat officers and the -uncovenanted service, exceeded all belief. It arose from the decayed -entrails of the bullocks and sheep daily killed by the butchers, and of -which we had no means of disposing, but by throwing them over the -defences: the decayed boosah and vegetable matter which here also -abounded, assisting in creating a stench which was probably never -exceeded. Nearly every officer who slept at this post was laid up with -fever at one time or another; but as it was one of the weakest parts of -our defences, it was absolutely requisite that two officers should be -ever with the party occupying it. A false alarm at sunset, and a heavy -cannonade brought the day's proceedings to a close. - - -_August 31st._--The enemy fired at intervals very hard, both guns and -musketry, particularly towards daylight. Then we found they had got -another very large gun, apparently a 32-pounder, in position under the -Lutkun Durwaza, and about 100 yards from the Baillie Guard gates, on -which it fired several times, smashing two ammunition waggons with which -the gates were barricaded. Towards the middle of the day the enemy were -unusually quiet, confining themselves to sharp-shooting. An excellent -artillery sergeant was killed at Mr. Gubbins's post, by a rifle-ball, -which struck him in the side. - -The heat excessive. In the evening, the kitmutghar of the late Captain -Hayes, military secretary, who had come in some ten days before, and was -believed to be a spy, escaped from the 84th Guard during the night, and -contrived to get clear away. He had been kept in confinement from the -time of his coming in, and had not been allowed to converse with any -one; and therefore could give little or no information. About 10 P.M. -the enemy very suddenly opened from nearly all their guns, and threw in -a heavy fire of musketry, which subsided in about half an hour. All the -13th Native Infantry employed in making a new sunken battery to the -right of the guard-room, in order to oppose the battery of the enemy -which was located in the Lutkun Durwaza. Our people in the Redan battery -had a narrow escape from an 8-inch shell, which just cleared the parapet -and exploded outside. - - -_September 1st._--A fine breezy morning. Not very much firing; but a -great deal of bugling was heard among the enemy's troops during the -early part of the morning. Rumours that the half-caste Christians who -deserted had been murdered. The enemy's 24-pounder fired several shots -during the morning, which took effect on the gates, smashing them -considerably. The enemy reported to be running another mine towards the -brigade mess. - -Our third sap from Anderson's post nearly completed, and considerable -progress made in the one commenced out of Sago's house. All the boys in -garrison above ten years of age were collected and set to work with -hand-mills, to assist in grinding flour for the use of the garrison. -Sickness showed itself amongst the bullocks; and in the last two days -two bullocks had to be suddenly killed, in order to save the meat. This -was most unfortunate, as the stock in hand would not last (even at the -reduced rate of rations) the time we might probably be besieged. -Arrangements were made to have some artillery and irregular cavalry -horses that were wounded, or from want of condition were unserviceable, -turned out on this evening. The last cook-boy of the artillery absconded -last night. This put the men to much inconvenience, as they had now to -draw their rations with Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment; but it was better -for the service, as now there was no excuse for any of the guns' crews -leaving their batteries for their food. This morning some fresh beef was -accidentally removed from the slaughter-yard in one of the magazine -carts. As these carts were used also for transporting grain, it excited -remark amongst some Seikhs. The cart in question was immediately marked -in the presence of the Commissariat Establishment, and strict orders -were given that it should not be used again. This shows how careful we -had to be with all the natives about their castes. - -In the evening, about dusk, two European artillerymen were struck in the -Post-office battery by an 18-pounder shot, which killed both. Great -progress was made in the battery which was erected by the 13th Native -Infantry, for the 18-pounder to be placed in at the Baillie Guard gate. -Two 8-inch shells exploded in the vicinity of our magazine, but without -doing any injury. Our third mine from Anderson's house completed, but -not charged, it being retained as a listening gallery. Another shaft for -a mine was struck out from Captain Saunders' post, to be ready to meet -the enemy's so soon as it could be ascertained which way they were -mining. The cook-boys of two companies of the 32nd Foot deserted to-day, -which caused extreme inconvenience. - - -_2nd September._--Sounds of mining heard near the slaughter-house. This -was quite a new direction for the enemy to commence this work at; but it -had not yet been ascertained for a certainty, and appeared most -unlikely. Last night three men of Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment died in -hospital. - -About 9 A.M. this morning a mine of the enemy was discovered within -thirty feet of Captain Saunders' post: they came up to a well, and, not -knowing what it was, made a hole in the surface; when the smoke from -their lamp became apparent. A countermine was immediately commenced and -run out sixteen feet, and within two feet of the enemy; it was quickly -loaded and tamped for about fourteen feet, and the head of their gallery -was blown in. Their miners were heard at work when the hose of our mine -was ignited; and it was believed they must have sustained some loss. -Another of the enemy's mines was also discovered this morning, coming -for the centre of the brigade mess-house; but we had a shaft and gallery -ready to frustrate their efforts. One of the sepoys of the 13th Regiment -Native Infantry was severely wounded this morning while standing sentry. -We had a heavy cannonade from the enemy in the afternoon, and some -alteration was made in the position of some of their guns on the -Cawnpore side of our position. The advance of a month's pay, which had -been offered to all natives, was declined by the 13th, 48th, and 71st, -and pensioners, and only four rupees each was received by the Seikh -Cavalry, as all preferred to receive it in arrears hereafter. This spoke -volumes for their faithfulness. - -This evening a very sad event occurred. Lieut. Birch, of the 59th -Regiment Native Infantry, attached to the Engineer department, went out -at dusk, accompanied by four other officers, to explore some old ruins -quite close to the north side of our position, in order to see if there -were any traces of mining. The work had been most satisfactorily -performed, and the party were returning, when a sentry of the 32nd -Regiment, who, unfortunately, had not received the caution that a party -was going out and to be careful not to fire, seeing objects moving in -the dark outside our limits, fired his musket; lamentable to relate, it -took effect, and the bullet passed through the lower part of the belly -of Lieutenant Birch, who died two hours after. He was a gallant and -efficient officer, and had only been married six months. His loss was -greatly deplored by the garrison. Our miners were all hard at work all -day, countermining the enemy, who still persevered in their efforts to -blow us up. - - -_September 3rd._--About 2 A.M. a very heavy cannonade from the enemy -till 9 A.M. Unbarricaded a door leading out of our position, and turned -loose during the night sixteen horses and a mule, which had been -wounded, and were unfit for use. Further efforts made to limit the -supply of flour, and issue wheat in lieu thereof. Advances of pay made -to officers, ladies, the civil and uncovenanted service, and a few -natives who desired it. - -The sun particularly powerful, and as during the nights a heavy dew -fell, and occasionally the mornings were very cool, great fears were -entertained for the health of our men; especially as nearly all had to -sleep in the trenches. Consequently search was everywhere made for tents -to shelter them; but the majority of these had been used as barricades -and other defences, and were now, from exposure to the rain, &c., -completely rotten and useless. - -The enemy commenced mining at Sago's garrison, and a shaft and gallery -were made to meet them. In the evening there was a heavy cannonade on -Mr. Gubbins's post. A soldier of the 32nd was dangerously wounded at -Innes' house by an 18-pounder shot, and another slightly wounded by -grape shot. Much heavy firing from the enemy. Very severe work at -mining, as our people were employed at four different points. After 10 -P.M. an exceedingly heavy cannonade accompanied by musketry. The enemy -were distinctly heard repairing their batteries, and moving a heavy gun -with elephants, in the direction of the Cawnpore battery. - - -_September 4th._--The usual cannon and musketry throughout the night, -which greatly increased after daylight, but gradually subsided after 9 -A.M. into a few solitary discharges of cannon. The outer wall of the -mess house was greatly injured by the constant firing from the enemy's -guns, although it was of great solidity. Between 9 and 10 A.M. an -unusual commotion was observable in the town, and the streets were much -crowded, for which we were unable to account; whatever it was, the crowd -gradually dispersed, and by 11 A.M. all was tranquil, and the enemy's -guards were relieved as usual at that hour. - -Towards the middle of the day there was very little firing from the -enemy: they could be distinctly heard in three of our listening -galleries, sapping steadily towards us. A 32nd soldier was severely -contused to-day by a round shot, while on duty in the Cawnpore battery, -and another wounded by a musket-ball. About 4.30 P.M. Major Bruere, -commanding the 13th Regiment Native Infantry, went on the top of the -brigade mess to endeavour to pick off some of the enemy's gunners. -Unfortunately, in his anxiety to get a shot at some riflemen, he -somewhat unnecessarily exposed himself, and was hit by a rifle-ball -through the chest, which almost immediately proved fatal. His death was -very greatly lamented by the sepoys of the 13th, with whom he was very -popular: they insisted on carrying his remains to the grave, and his -funeral was attended by all the men of the 13th who could be permitted -to leave their trenches. The eighteen-pounder battery made by the sepoys -of the 13th, was now nearly completed, and was sixteen feet thick, -besides the wall in front; the eighteen-pounder intended for it was got -down, and put in position. The enemy were evidently aware of what we -were about, as two shells fell quite close; one just inside, and the -other outside the new battery. - -The outer wall and buildings on the top of the mess house fell in this -evening, with a great crash, consequent on the outer wall having been -completely breached; fortunately no one was hurt, and several ladies and -children still clung to the inner rooms for shelter, preferring the -chance of a round shot or musket-ball to the fetid close atmosphere of -an already overcrowded hovel in the interior of our position; which, -after all, was perhaps hardly any safer from the fire of the enemy. - - -_September 5th._--A fine moonlight morning. Soon after daylight, the -enemy commenced the severest cannonade we had yet had. About 8000 -infantry and about 500 horse were by sunrise seen moving about round our -position, and evidently preparing for an attack. The garrison were -soon--every man--on the alert, and remained patiently under a tremendous -fire of cannon, awaiting the enemy's onset. They soon opened fire from a -new battery of two guns across the river; and about 10 A.M. exploded two -mines, one (a large one), close to the 18-pounder battery, and the -other, a smaller one, at the brigade-mess (which we had countermined and -were about to blow up.) Providentially, the enemy had miscalculated -their distance in both instances, and were just short of our defences, -and neither explosion did us any harm. As soon as the cloud of dust and -smoke had cleared away, they advanced under cover of a tremendous fire -on several points--particularly at Mr. Gubbins's post--where they came -on resolutely and planted an enormous ladder against the bastion to -mount it. Several reached the top, but were so steadily received with -musketry and hand grenades, that none could gain a footing: and after -several leaders had fallen, the rest fell back to the cover of the -neighbouring houses, where they kept up a tremendous fire. Their loss -was very heavy, as they showed themselves well; particularly in the -garden close to the brigade-mess and Sikh square, where they fell -rapidly to our rifles and muskets. Long after the action, they could be -seen carrying away their killed and wounded over the bridges. - -During the attack we only had one havildar of pensioners and two sepoys -of the 13th killed, and one soldier of the 32nd wounded (loss of hand), -from round shot. Eight sepoys of the 13th Native Infantry, assisted by -three artillerymen, loaded and worked the 18-pounder in the 13th -battery, and after three or four rounds succeeded in silencing the -18-pounder opposed to them. The sepoys were very proud of this battery, -which was entirely under their charge, and constructed solely by them, -under the superintendence of the Engineers. A fearfully hot-day, and a -broiling sun, to which all were exposed for nearly the entire day. -During last night another shaft, eight feet deep, was sunk by the -officers of the brigade-mess as a listening gallery, in case the enemy -should run a sap in that direction. - -In the evening, the enemy seemed disgusted with their want of success in -the morning, and confined themselves to a few shots now and then from -their batteries. An 18-pounder came right through the hospital from -their new work across the river, and passed through the whole length of -the building, which was crowded with patients, and very slightly wounded -Lieutenant Charlton and a soldier of the 32nd, both of whom were lying -there wounded. Passing as it did through the entire length of such a -crowded space, it was perfectly extraordinary that this ball did not do -more harm. - -After all attacks, the enemy were most determined in their efforts to -carry off their dead, and generally contrived to do so at night. To-day, -as usual, the leading men were most of them knocked over, which greatly -discouraged their followers. All reports from positions which commanded -any views of the enemy retreating, agreed in saying that they seemed -to-day more thoroughly beaten than ever. - -Lieutenant James Graham, of the 4th Cavalry, shot himself through the -head this morning with his revolver, in a fit of temporary insanity: he -left a wife and child. - - -_September 6th._--At 12 o'clock midnight, the garrison was aroused by a -heavy cannonade from all sides, and much bugling and shouting; but it -all gradually subsided in about half an hour, without any reply from our -side: during it a soldier of the 32nd lost his leg from a round shot. -This morning, the enemy were unusually quiet, and their guns more silent -than it was remembered for a long time. - -The rains seemed to have cleared off, and the sun was most powerful. Our -live stock was now fast diminishing in numbers, and had any disease -broke out amongst them, it would have been a most serious loss. Our -stock of rum and porter was also fast running very low. Now that the -stagnant water was fast drying up, the miasmatic stenches in various -parts of the garrison were of a morning almost insupportable; and it was -greatly feared would produce much fever and other illness. About 1 P.M., -the Engineers made a small sortie from Innes' post, and blew down a -house which yesterday the enemy commenced to loophole; and which, had -they succeeded in doing, would have been a most serious matter to Innes' -garrison, in the present shattered and dilapidated state of the house -they occupy, caused by the effects of round shot, which had steadily for -the last month been fired into it from guns of heavy calibre. Captain -Fulton of the Engineers was slightly contused by an explosion to-day. -About 10 P.M. the enemy sent two men with loads of combustibles, to -place under the entrance gates, to set fire to them; they were seen, and -one was shot dead by the sentry, on which the other fled. An hour later, -they made a very smart attack on the Baillie Guard gate, but were -quickly driven back: during this affair, a very excellent native officer -(a subadar), of the 13th Regiment Native Infantry, was killed in the -13th battery. - - -_September 7th._--The enemy were unusually quiet with their cannon this -morning, contenting themselves with mining, while we as busily -endeavoured to countermine them. An unusual commotion among them: large -numbers crossing and re-crossing the bridge of boats; and about 11 A.M. -a regiment, with colours, and band playing, and about 1000 matchlockmen, -passed from right to left of our position. About 5000 men passed during -the afternoon from right to left; many of them seemed as though they had -marched in from a distance. Heavy showers during the afternoon; the -garrison constantly wet. - -Our miners, both European and native, were greatly done up with their -day and night exertions, which were absolutely requisite for our -preservation. In all these operations the Seikhs and Hindoostanee sepoys -worked remarkably well. - - -_September 8th._--Captain Simons of the Artillery, who had been long -suffering from his wounds, died early this morning. A tolerable -cannonade kept up all night. The enemy had now completed a breach in the -wall enclosing the courtyard of the Martiniere School, broad enough for -four or five men to pass through abreast, and which we were obliged to -retrench and stockade. Nearly one-half of the officers were on the sick -list, with fever and dysentery. - -The shot fired in by the enemy were yesterday collected, and 280 round -shot, varying in size from a 24 to a 3-pounder, were gathered from the -roof of the brigade-mess alone! In the evening we had heavy rain and a -moderate cannonade. - - -_September 9th._--During the night a shell exploded in a room occupied -by a lady and some children, and though almost every article in the room -was destroyed, yet all providentially escaped. - -Finding this morning that the enemy were rapidly mining towards the -Cawnpore battery, it was deemed advisable that our mine, containing 200 -lbs. of powder, which had been ready and charged for upwards of a month, -should be exploded; and accordingly, at 10 A.M., it was sprung. The -effect was tremendous, and it evidently astonished the enemy, whose -miners must have been destroyed. They immediately beat to arms, and -opened on us from most of their batteries on that side of our position. -When the smoke and dust (which were tremendous) had blown away, it was -seen that the explosion had destroyed all the front face of the -outhouses opposite our battery. - -In the evening a body of 3000 men moved up to our right flank, which -caused us all to keep particularly on the alert. About 11 P.M. very -heavy rain began to fall, and the early part of the night passed away -quietly. For the third time since the siege commenced there was no -funeral on this day. - - -_September 10th._--The rain cleared away towards morning, and all was -moderately quiet till 6 A.M., from which hour till 10 A.M. an unusually -heavy cannonade was kept up, and replied to by our guns and mortars. All -the state jewels were brought over from the Residency, and put into the -Begum Kotee for better security. - -Owing to the necessity for blowing up the Muchee Bhawun, the officers -brought in with them nothing but the clothes they wore. Many others in -this garrison had lost everything when their bungalows in cantonments -were burnt; and a few better off had shared their wardrobes with them. -As time went on, however, clothes wore out, and there were no means of -providing others; and by this time officers might have been seen wearing -the most extraordinary costumes; few, if any, had any semblance of a -military uniform, and very many were in shirts, trowsers, and slippers -only; one gallant civilian having found an old billiard-table cloth, had -contrived to make himself a kind of loose coat out of it, while an -officer wore a shirt made out of a floor cloth. All carried muskets, and -were accoutred like the soldiers. At the auction of the effects of an -officer recently killed, a single bottle of brandy realised seventeen -rupees (thirty-four shillings). The soldiers had for a month past all -been out of tobacco, and had taken to smoking dried tea and common -leaves. Not very much firing in the evening. - - -_September 11th._--This was a quieter night than usual with the -garrison. Much disturbance was heard among the enemy, and the noise of -elephants was distinctly heard, as if they were moving some of their -guns into other positions. About sunrise, two sides of Innes' house, -which had been steadily cannonaded daily with 18-pounder shot, fell in, -and the two sentries on that side escaped with difficulty; the post was, -however, still nobly held, and preparation made for making some kind of -a defence out of the debris. Many bodies of armed men were seen moving -about, and we had the usual three hours' morning cannonade. About 10 -A.M., as our mine out of the Seikh square (which had been charged with -200 lbs. of powder) was ready, it was determined to explode it, as the -enemy's miners could be very distinctly heard sapping quite close; it -was very successful, completely destroying all their excavations, and -buried the party who were at work, the groans and moans of some of whom -were heard for some time after. Later in the day, another mine of the -enemy was discovered in the churchyard. A sortie was made under Captain -Fulton of the Engineers (the ground being open), and the working party -were driven off and their work examined. It proved to be shaft and -gallery, fully five feet high, and extended twenty-four feet, running in -a straight line to the church: two barrels of powder were separately -exploded in it, and completely destroyed the entire work. Two of the -enemy were shot by Lieutenant Sewell this afternoon. - -At dusk, the enemy threw in (apparently from a howitzer) five hollow -iron cylinders, filled with a composition (similar to that with which we -are accustomed to fill our carcases) done up in strong canvas. On -reaching the ground, the apparatus burst, and the five cylinders spouted -forth fire without any further explosion: this, perhaps, was the most -curious and complicated projectile that had yet been received by the -garrison. At 7 P.M. very heavy rain, which lasted an hour and a half. - - -_September 12th._--A tremendous row and noise in the city all night. A -shaft sunk in the centre of the brigade-mess, in view to running a sap -out across the road into the garden, in front of the enemy's battery. -Rather less firing all day than usual. Very large bodies of matchlockmen -were seen moving about, but a smaller proportion of sepoys. A soldier of -the 32nd and an uncovenanted man were wounded; the former in the head, -the latter through the hand. During the past few days no case of cholera -occurred. In the evening after dark, the 71st sepoys were employed under -Lieutenant Langmore in bringing in some tents which were piled up in the -Residency garden; while so employed, one of the enemy came up, evidently -having mistaken our party for one of his own. He was immediately seized -by two sepoys and brought in. An European sentry was killed to-day -through a small loophole in the Redan, out of which he was looking, and -another in the same battery was wounded during the night. - - -_September 12th._--A smart cannonade at daylight. Considerable progress -was made in our new mines out of the Cawnpore battery and brigade-mess. -Captain Mansfield was seized with cholera early this morning, and died a -few hours after. A great number of matchlockmen seen moving about in the -bazaar. Enormous prices offered in the garrison for all kinds of -supplies. A small fowl was to-day purchased by a gentleman for his sick -wife for 20 rupees (2_l._) A bottle of Curacoa sold at auction a day or -two ago for 16 rupees, and the same price was freely offered for two -pounds of sugar. Divine service performed at the brigade-mess, and at -Dr. Fayrer's to all who were able to attend. A man came in about 8 P.M. -from the city. He could not or would not give any information, was -looked upon as a spy, ironed and placed in the main-guard. A tolerably -quiet evening. - - -_September 14th._--A good many matchlockmen were seen coming into the -town during the day, both over the stone bridge and the bridge of boats. -For the last two days, the bugles of the enemy had not been heard, which -led us to conclude that the head-quarters of regiments had probably left -the city. A few doolies were seen passing down the Cawnpore road, and a -man (apparently of some consequence) was observed haranguing a mob in -the city. There was the usual amount of firing and sharp-shooting all -day. - -A grievous occurrence took place in the afternoon. Captain Fulton of the -Engineers, while reconnoitring from a battery in Mr. Gubbins's post, was -killed dead by a round shot, which struck him on the head. He had -conducted all the engineering operations of the siege for a considerable -time previous to the death of his chief (Major Anderson). He was a -highly gifted, cool, brave, and chivalrous officer, fertile in -resources, and a favourite with both officers and men. His loss was -acutely felt. - - -_September 15th._--The 18-pounder battery beyond Innes' house fired -heavily, and reduced Innes' house to almost a heap of ruins; the shot -came right across the entire open space round the Residency, and one -soldier of the 32nd was mortally and another slightly wounded. The -breach in the Seikh square made by the enemy was now tolerably -retrenched. The inner square was well loopholed and barricaded, so that -even if the enemy had made their way in, they would have been unable to -make a lodgment. The vicinity of the houses to our defences in the outer -square rendered mining easy, and we took and blew up three of the -enemy's mines at this point alone. Lieutenant Fullerton of the 16th -Regiment Native Infantry, died in hospital this morning. - -To-day the verandah of the Residency fell in with a great crash, from -the effects of the battering it had received from the enemy's 18-pound -shot. This afternoon, a mortar, equipped as a howitzer (on Lieutenant -Bonham's principle), was put in position against the 18-pounder battery -opposite Innes' house, and fired several shots, which kept the enemy's -gun in check; and one shell having blown away most of their parapet, -they did not fire again from it during the evening. Under the direction -of the garrison engineer, a shaft was commenced in the Baillie Guard -gate by the sepoys of 13th Regiment Native Infantry, in order to run a -sap out in the direction of the Lutkun Durwaza; eight feet and a half -were this evening accomplished. It is intended as a safeguard, to cut -off any mine that the enemy may be running towards the gateway. - - -_September 16th._--A very sharp cannonade from daylight, for three -hours. An 8-inch shell fell in the rear of the 13th battery, (for the -second time since the commencement of hostilities) and mortally wounded -a sepoy, and slightly wounded a subadar. Enemy were very busy erecting -(apparently) a new battery, to the right of our Cawnpore battery; but it -was difficult at the time to say what it was intended for: the people -working at it were greatly annoyed by our shells, and it made but little -progress, except during the night. They were also very hard at work in -front of the Redan battery, where they had made deep trenches in all -directions. - -Ungud, pensioner and spy, was sent out at about 10 P.M. with a letter, -done up in a piece of quill, to take to General Havelock at Cawnpore, -and was promised a large reward if he brought a reply. Preparations made -for getting the mortar howitzer into the courtyard in rear of the -brigade-mess, by cutting a road through the intermediate walls. The mine -out of the brigade-mess building, and that out of the Cawnpore battery, -were worked all night, and considerable progress was made in both. The -rains seemed quite over, the sun was very powerful, and much fever -prevailed. Not so much firing as usual in the evening, and only one -shell came in. Much bugling among the enemy during the night. - - -_September 17th._--All very much as usual, with rather less firing. Many -vague rumours were abroad in the garrison, all without foundation. The -mortar howitzer was got into position behind the brigade mess; the -second shell thrown from it severely wounded two of our servants, in -consequence of the shell having exploded before it cleared our defences. -After the range was, however, once got, the practice was good, and -several shells exploded in the embrasure of the enemy's battery. The -mine out of the brigade-mess and that out of the Cawnpore battery, -damaged during the day by round shot, was also repaired by a working -party of sepoys from the 48th regiment Native Infantry. The sentry of -the 32nd Foot, on duty at the church, had his head carried off by a -round shot. Exactly at midnight the enemy made a demonstration on -Saunders's post, and fired heavy volleys of musketry, but made no -attempt to advance; in about half an hour, after a few shells had been -thrown among them, they retired. - -Many cases of fever and dysentery. Two sepoys of the 13th died in -hospital of their wounds. The Seikh cavalry sowars, under Lieutenant -Hardinge, worked at the barricade across the breach in the third Seikh -square, and still further strengthened it. - - -_September 18th._--Nothing new to record. Each day passed away much like -its predecessor, with the same amount of cannonading and musketry fire. - -Throughout the siege, a regular system of look-out was organised from -the top of the tower in the Residency, which commanded a view of the -river, the three bridges, and the open country beyond; and also from the -roof of the Post-office, from which a great part of the city and the -road to Cawnpore could be observed. At the former post the officers were -relieved every two hours, and at the latter hourly. At each post a book -was kept, in which whatever had been observed was noted down, and if -anything unusual, or any new work of the enemy was seen, a report of it -was instantly forwarded for Brigadier Inglis's information. A new truck -was constructed to enable us to fit out another mortar as a howitzer, -for it would be impossible to say how greatly we felt throughout the -siege the want of a couple of 8-inch howitzers. To-day, the enemy threw -in (evidently from a 13-inch mortar) a piece of wood of very great -weight, which measured twelve inches in diameter and eighteen in length! -It made a prodigious noise as it passed through the air. - -In consequence of the very small stock of rum left in store, all the -Europeans were reduced to one dram each per day. This was perhaps the -quietest day of the siege up to this date, as we had nothing but a few -stray cannon shots and a slight musketry fire throughout the twenty-four -hours. About 11 P.M. a very considerable noise was heard in the town, -together with much bugling and shouting. - - -_September 19th._--This morning, almost before daylight, we commenced a -heavy cannonade from the Post-office on the battery in the square house -opposite. During the morning the enemy kept up also a heavy fire all -around; particularly on the Residency, which now wore a most desolate -tumbledown and dilapidated appearance, from the effect of round shot -which had been steadily poured into it daily from the commencement of -the siege. About 10.30 A.M. the enemy's battery in the square house, -opposite the Post-office was set on fire by our shot, and a pretty sharp -fusillade and cannonade was kept up by us to prevent the enemy from -distinguishing it; the fire however soon died out. An auction was held -this day in the Residency of the property (clothes, &c.) of deceased -officers, and the prices that all useful articles fetched was enormous: -for instance, a new flannel shirt was knocked down for forty rupees, -while five old ones were sold for 112 rupees, and a bottle of brandy -brought twenty rupees. A man of the 84th was shot dead at Sago's post -early this morning. During the day the enemy threw into our position, -probably from an enormous mortar, six pieces of wood about the size and -shape of a large oyster barrel; they were thrown up in the air to an -enormous height, and came down with almost incredible force. - - -_September 20th._--At 1 A.M. a smart musketry fire and cannonade took -place, which lasted for about half an hour. At daylight discovered two -new batteries, which the enemy had very nearly completed, and one of -which contained a 32-pounder. We opened on them with a howitzer and an -18-pounder, but did them little mischief; the batteries having been made -excessively strong, with enormous beams of wood and earth. We however, -entirely prevented them from working at either battery during the -ensuing night. The Cawnpore battery was repaired, and the centre mine -from the brigade mess was connected with the one we had previously run -out from the left. The guard-room at Anderson's house was lowered by -digging out the floor, so as to keep the guard clear of the round shot -which passed through it; the 13th mine was also worked eighteen feet -further. A very considerable noise was heard in the city for some hours -after dark. During the day nearly as many men as usual seen moving -about. A private of Her Majesty's 32nd at Innes' post was killed by a -round shot. - - -_September 21st._--Between 12 and 1 o'clock A.M. the enemy suddenly -began a very smart musketry fire all along the city side of our -position, and opened from their guns. We threw a few shells amongst -them; and their fire soon subsided into the usual steady fire which had -gone on every night of the siege. - -About 4 A.M., we had very heavy rain which lasted till about 11 A.M. The -heavy rain seemed to keep the enemy quiet, and there was little firing -on either side till 1 P.M., when one of our 18-pounders at the -Post-office opened on the enemy's new 32-pounder battery, and knocked -their parapet about, leaving the gun greatly exposed; which enabled -Captain Saunders's garrison to pick off two of the enemy's gunners at -the gun, and keep it silent for the rest of the day. In the afternoon, -the enemy battered down a great portion of the wall enclosing the -building occupied by the Martiniere school-boys, and killed a -water-carrier who was drawing water at the time, and who was knocked -dead into the well; which was a great misfortune, as none of the natives -would again use it. The body was got up soon after. Not many armed men -were seen in the morning beyond the enemy's regular relief of guards and -pickets. At 10 P.M. heavy rain came on. About 11 P.M. the enemy were -reported to be in unusual strength near the Seikh square, on which all -were kept well on the alert. A shell was thrown among them, but nothing -further took place. - - -_September 22nd._--Continued heavy rain, which fell without cessation -till about 3 P.M. The garrison were in a great state of discomfort, as -little shelter was to be had anywhere; the roofs of all the buildings -were so injured from eighty-four days' constant cannonading that but few -could boast of a waterproof residence. Lieutenant Cunliffe of the -Artillery, died early this morning from fever; he had previously been -wounded. A Seikh sepoy of the 13th, a native artilleryman, two private -servants, and three grass-cutters deserted during the night; and in the -course of the morning four cook boys contrived to desert during the -heavy rain. The rain did considerable damage to various parts of our -defences, washing down many of the fascines in the batteries, and -causing several parts of the defences at Mr. Gubbins's and Innes' post -to fall down. A great part of the outside wall of the brigade mess also -fell from the same cause. Towards evening the enemy opened their guns, -and we dismounted one of their 9-pounders by a shell, which fell on the -top of one of them and killed two gunners. About 11 P.M. Ungud, -pensioner, returned, bringing us a letter containing the glad tidings -that our relieving force, under General Outram, had crossed the Ganges, -and would arrive in a few days. His arrival, and the cheering news he -brought of speedy aid, was well-timed; for neither our fast diminishing -stores, the vague and uncertain rumours of the advent of reinforcements, -nor the daily sights and sounds by which we were surrounded, were -calculated to inspire confidence and check desertion among the servants -and camp followers. All the garrison were greatly elated with the news, -and on many of the sick and wounded, the speedy prospect of a change of -air and security exercised a most beneficial effect. Heavy rain fell -about 11 P.M. - - -_September 23rd._--About 3 A.M. the rain cleared off, and at 11 A.M. the -sun came out and the clouds dispersed, and gave promise of fair weather. -A smart cannonade was heard in the direction of Cawnpore; several -imagined they also heard musketry, and the sound was listened to with -the most intense and even painful anxiety by the garrison, who felt -assured it must be their friends advancing to their assistance. But it -was hardly expected that our force could have advanced so far, owing to -the heavy rain which had fallen, and the state in consequence that the -roads and country were in; however at 5 P.M. another distant cannonade -was heard which lasted for half an hour, and which appeared much nearer -than before: this elicited many and divers opinions, and created the -greatest possible excitement. - -Throughout the day, large bodies of troops with guns and ammunition -waggons were seen moving about in the city, in the early part of the day -to the right, and later, in large bodies to the left. In the afternoon, -the enemy placed a gun in position facing down the Kass bazaar street, -with what object it was impossible to say. We threw many shells into the -city during the day among the parties of the enemy seen moving about. At -9 P.M. heavy rain began and fell for two hours. - - -_September 24th._--Everything most unusually quiet throughout the night, -and only one or two cannon shot were fired early in the morning. A -considerable body of cavalry were seen moving to the right through the -city, and about 8.30 A.M. a distant cannonade was heard, which continued -nearly all day. - -We had no news of any kind, and the anxiety of the garrison was very -great. During the morning, large bodies of the enemy were seen moving -through the city to the right and left. Ensign Hewitt, of the 41st -Regiment Native Infantry, was slightly contused on the head by bricks -struck out of a wall by a round shot. At 8 P.M. the enemy made a false -attack on the Cawnpore battery, keeping up a heavy cannonade and -musketry fire which lasted for about half an hour, after which all -became moderately quiet. During the night guns were heard in the -direction of the Cawnpore road, and the flash of them could be very -distinctly seen; they were supposed to be about seven miles distant. - - -_September 25th._--A very unquiet night. Two alarms, one at 1.30 A.M. -and another at 4 A.M. The whole garrison were under arms nearly the -whole night. A very great disturbance in the city, in the direction of -Mr. Gubbins's post especially. To the very great regret of the garrison, -Captain Radcliffe of the 7th Light Cavalry was dangerously wounded while -in command of the Cawnpore battery. About 10 A.M. a messenger came in -bringing in a letter of the 16th instant from General Outram, dated -Cawnpore, announcing his being about to cross over to this side of the -Ganges, and march on to Lucknow. The messenger could give no account of -our force, beyond its having reached the outskirts of the city. - -About 11 A.M. nearly all sound of firing had ceased, but increased -agitation was visible among the people in the town, in which two large -fires were seen. An hour later, the sound of musketry and the smoke of -guns was distinctly perceived within the limits of the city. All the -garrison was on the alert, and the excitement amongst many of the -officers and soldiers was quite painful to witness. At 1.30 P.M. many of -the people of the city commenced leaving, with bundles of clothes, &c. -on their heads, and took the direction of cantonments across the -different bridges. At 2 P.M. armed men and sepoys commenced to follow -them, accompanied by large bodies of Irregular Cavalry. Every gun and -mortar that could be brought to bear on the evidently retreating enemy, -was fired as fast as possible, for at least an hour and a half. The -enemy's bridge of boats had evidently been destroyed and broken away, -for many were seen swimming across the river, most of them cavalry with -their horses' bridles in their hands. Strange to relate, during all this -apparent panic, the guns of the enemy in position all round us kept up a -heavy cannonade, and the matchlockmen or riflemen never ceased firing -from their respective loopholes. - -At 4 P.M. report was made that some officers dressed in shooting coats -and solah caps, a regiment of Europeans in blue pantaloons and shirts, -and a bullock battery were seen near Mr. Martin's house and the Motee -Muhal. At 5 P.M. volleys of musketry, rapidly growing louder, were heard -in the city. But soon the firing of a minie ball over our heads gave -notice of the still nearer approach of our friends; of whom as yet -little or nothing had been seen, though the enemy were to be seen firing -heavily on them from many of the roofs of the houses. Five minutes -later, and our troops were seen fighting their way through one of the -principal streets; and though men fell at almost every step, yet nothing -could withstand the headlong gallantry of our reinforcements. Once -fairly SEEN, all our doubts and fears regarding; them were ended: and -then the garrison's long pent-up feelings of anxiety and suspense burst -forth in a succession of deafening cheers; from every pit, trench and -battery--from behind the sandbags piled on shattered houses--from every -post still held by a few gallant spirits, rose cheer on cheer--even from -the hospital! Many of the wounded crawled forth to join in that glad -shout of welcome to those who had so bravely come to our assistance. It -was a moment never to be forgotten. - -Soon all the rear-guard and heavy guns were inside our position; and -then ensued a scene which baffles description. For eighty-seven days the -Lucknow garrison had lived in utter ignorance of all that had taken -place outside. Wives who had long mourned their husbands as dead, were -again restored to them; others, fondly looking forward to glad meetings -with those near and dear to them, now for the first time learnt that -they were alone. On all sides eager inquiries for relations and friends -were made. Alas! in too many instances the answer was a painful one. - -The force under the command of General Sir James Outram, G.C.B., came to -our assistance at a heavy sacrifice to themselves. Of 2600 who left -Cawnpore, nearly one-third was either killed or wounded in forcing their -way through the city: indeed, the losses were so heavy that they could -effect nothing towards our relief; as the enemy were in overpowering -force, and the position having been extended, in order to accommodate as -far as possible our great increase in numbers, and the guns that were in -our vicinity having been captured at considerable loss to ourselves, we -remained on three-quarter rations, as closely besieged as before, until -the 22nd November; when the garrison were finally relieved by the army -under the Commander-in-Chief. - - - - -APPENDIX. - - -No. I. - -CAPTAIN RADCLIFFE'S (7th Light Cavalry) NARRATIVE. - -On the evening of the 30th May, about 9 o'clock, shots were heard at -Moodkeepore (the cavalry station), in the direction of the infantry -lines in Lucknow. The 7th Cavalry, consisting of about 150 sabres, -immediately were turned out by their officers, and placed in three -troops. On wheeling into line, about 30 men rushed out of the ranks, and -rode furiously towards cantonments: they were not seen again. The corps -advanced towards the race-course, towards the Residency, at a canter, -which place they reached about half-past 9 or a quarter to 10. The -regiment received orders to patrol round the Residency, and in the rear -of Colonel Halford's house, which was done accordingly, and they -afterwards formed up in rear of the lines stationed on the city road. - -About 11 o'clock the 7th Cavalry marched down to the Baillie Guard, -patrolled towards Muchee Bhawun, and, finding all safe, returned _via_ -the stone bridge through Mukka Gunge, warned all on duty at the elephant -sheds to be on the alert, and reached the Residency in cantonments about -2 in the morning. At 3 o'clock the 4th troop arrived from Chinahut, -under the command of Captain T. Boileau. At a quarter after gunfire the -cavalry marched off with the two artillery guns from the Residency, and -took up a position on the right of the line on the 32nd parade ground. -The 7th were directed to move towards Moodkeepore, which place was -reported to have fallen into the hands of the mutineers. The corps -advanced at a canter, and on reaching the plain close to the -race-course, a large body of armed infantry, amounting to some 1000 men, -were seen advancing in skirmishing order towards the cavalry. The report -was, as regarded Moodkeepore, too true, for the Standard Guard was -looted, public and private property destroyed, and the 2nd Squadron -standard was actually seized from the hands of the jemadar in charge, -and dashed to pieces. - -Lieutenant Raleigh, who had lately joined the corps, was brutally -murdered at 5 A.M. in front of the first troop lines. This officer was -sick, and unable to join the regiment the night before when ordered out. -The officer commanding ordered his men to form line to the front, which -was done rather sullenly; but on his ordering the line to take ground to -the right, a number of men broke out from the ranks, crying out that -they _would_ charge, as their children, etc., were being murdered; they -rode away towards the mutineers, having been beckoned to come over by a -leader riding a horse and bearing a standard. Some thirty-five or forty -men left their officers. At this time an officer was sent back towards -cantonments to request Sir Henry Lawrence to send up some guns, as the -small body of cavalry that were left alone in front of the insurgents -were in danger of being driven back. - -The guns soon afterwards came up, and after a few rounds dispersed the -enemy. The 7th Cavalry, in concert with the Irregulars, followed up the -retreating mutineers, killed one or two, and sent in some ten or twelve -prisoners. The corps returned to Moodkeepore about 10 o'clock, and -marched into cantonments in the evening, and took up a position on the -right of the line. Some 105 men remained with their officers up to the -12th June, on which date, by authority, they were given two months' pay, -and allowed a furlough to their homes till the 15th October. The men -remaining after the mutiny behaved admirably in quarters, and when told -they were to go to their homes obeyed the order, quietly lodging their -arms, and moving quietly homewards. The horses of the corps were marched -down to the Residency at noon of the 12th, and in the evening the -European and native officers, with the standards, repaired to the -Baillie Guard, opposite to which the cavalry horses were ordered to be -picketed. - - -No. II. - -ACCOUNT OF THE EXPLOSION AT THE SEIKH SQUARE ON 18TH OF AUGUST. - - (Dated) Lucknow, 19th August, 1857. - -Yesterday morning, between the hours of 5 and 6, the enemy sprung a mine -at the Seikh Square, blowing down the corner house, on the top of which -Lieutenant Mecham and Captain Orr, with two sentries, were on the look -out from the loopholes, Lieutenant Soppitt being below at the time. - -A few minutes before the explosion not a single individual was to be -seen in the quarter occupied by the enemy. Suddenly, however, one man -was discovered by a sentry, and Lieutenant Mecham fired at him, but -missed; and immediately after the mine exploded, sending four of us, -viz., Lieutenant Mecham, Band-sergeant Curtain, of the 41st Native -Infantry, Drummer Ford, of the 13th Native Infantry, and Captain Orr up -in the air, and burying underneath the ruins of the battery six drummers -and one sepoy, _i. e._, Wiltshire, Williams, 13th Native Infantry, E. -Curtain, A. Nugent, Rowlan, 41st Native Infantry, Fife-major Shipley, -4th Oude Irregular Force, and sepoy Heerah Sing, 48th Regiment Native -Infantry. Of the former, I regret to state that Band-sergeant Curtain -was thrown on the enemy's side and killed; Lieutenant Mecham and Drummer -Ford were almost unhurt, and Captain Orr escaped with a few bruises. - -Every precaution had been taken by Lieutenants Mecham, Soppitt, and -Captain Orr to guard against all contingencies, Lieutenant Mecham -remaining at night with the sentries, Lieutenant Soppitt and Captain Orr -being below with the guard, and occasionally visiting the sentries. -Since on duty at the Seikh Battery we had already discovered two mines, -one of which we countermined, and the other we found to be an abortive -attempt at one. The above discoveries had the effect of making us doubly -vigilant on this point. - -The new mine, which occasioned the calamity of yesterday, must have been -worked by the enemy with sharp and noiseless tools; as--though a shaft -was already sunk beneath the battery, over which a sentry was posted, -and into which, during our respective tour of duty, we each occasionally -descended for the purpose of listening whether mining was carried on by -the enemy--not the slightest sound which in any way led us to suppose -the same was the case, ever reached us. - -There was never perfect silence in the square, owing to the Seikhs' -horses being picketed therein, the tramping of whose feet on the ground -had more than once previously deceived us. - -The smoke and dust thrown up enveloping us for some moments in complete -darkness, and the sudden shock of the explosion, prevented my personally -knowing what subsequently happened. - - -No. III. - -DIVISION ORDERS BY MAJOR-GENERAL SIR J. OUTRAM, G.C.B. - - Head Quarters, Lucknow, 5th October, 1857. - -The incessant and arduous duties which have devolved on Brigadier Inglis -and his staff, since the arrival of the relieving force, had hitherto -prevented him from furnishing to the Major-General Commanding the usual -official documents relative to the siege of the garrison. - -In the absence of these the Major-General could not, with propriety, -have indulged in any public declaration of the admiration with which he -regards the heroism displayed by Brigadier Inglis and the glorious -garrison he has so ably commanded during the last three months, and he -has been reluctantly obliged therefore to defer so long the expression -of the sentiments he was desirous to offer. - -But the Major-General having at length received Brigadier Inglis's -reports, is relieved from the necessity of further silence, and he -hastens to tender to the Brigadier, and to every individual member of -the garrison, the assurance of his confidence that their services will -be regarded by the Government under which they are immediately serving, -by the British nation, and by Her Gracious Majesty, with equal -admiration to that with which he is himself impressed. - -The Major-General believes that the annals of warfare contain no -brighter page than that which will record the bravery, fortitude, -vigilance, and patient endurance of hardships, privation, and fatigue, -displayed by the garrison of Lucknow; and he is very conscious that his -unskilled pen must needs fail adequately to convey to the Right -Honourable the Governor-General of India, and his Excellency the -Commander-in-Chief, the profound sense of the merits of that garrison -which has been forced on his mind by a careful consideration of the -almost incredible difficulties with which they have had to contend. - -The term "illustrious" was well and happily applied by a former -Governor-General of India to the garrison of Jellalabad; but some far -more laudatory epithet--if such the English language contains--is due, -the Major-General considers, to the brave men whom Brigadier Inglis has -commanded with undeviating success and untarnished honour through the -late memorable siege. For while the devoted band of heroes who so nobly -maintained the honour of their country's arms under Sir R. Sale were -seldom exposed to actual attack, the Lucknow garrison, of inferior -strength, have, in addition to a series of fierce assaults, gallantly -and successfully repulsed, been for three months exposed to a nearly -incessant fire from strong and commanding positions, held by an enemy of -overwhelming force, possessing powerful artillery, having at their -command the whole resources of what was but recently a kingdom, and -animated by an insane and bloodthirsty fanaticism. - -It is a source of heartfelt satisfaction to the Major-General to be -able, to a certain extent, to confer on the native portion of the -garrison an instalment of those rewards which their gallant and grateful -commander has sought for them, and which he is very certain the -Governor-General will bestow in full; and though the Major-General, as -regards the European portion of the garrison, cannot do more than give -his most earnest and hearty support to the recommendations of the -Brigadier, he feels assured that the Governor-General of India will -fully and publicly manifest his appreciation of their distinguished -services, and that our beloved Sovereign will herself deign to convey to -them some gracious expression of royal approbation of their conduct. - -Brigadier Inglis has borne generous testimony to the bravery, vigilance, -devotedness, and good conduct of all ranks; and to all ranks, as the -local representative of the British Indian Government, the Major-General -tenders his warmest acknowledgments,--he would fain offer his special -congratulations and thanks to the European and Eurasian portion of the -garrison whom Brigadier Inglis has particularly noticed, but, by doing -so, he would forestall the Governor-General in the exercise of what, the -Major-General is assured, will be one of the most pleasing acts of his -official life. - - -No. IV. - -FROM BRIGADIER INGLIS, COMMANDING GARRISON OF LUCKNOW, TO THE SECRETARY -TO GOVERNMENT MILITARY DEPARTMENT, CALCUTTA. - - Lucknow, September 26th, 1857. - -SIR, - -In consequence of the very deeply-to-be-lamented death of -Brigadier-General Sir H. M. Lawrence, K.C.B., late in command of the -Oude Field Force, the duty of narrating the military events which have -occurred at Lucknow since the 29th of June last has devolved upon myself. - -On the evening of that day several reports reached Sir Henry Lawrence -that the rebel army, in no very considerable force, would march from -Chinhut (a small village about eight miles distant, on the road to -Fyzabad) on Lucknow on the following morning; and the late -Brigadier-General therefore determined to make a strong reconnaissance -in that direction, with the view, if possible, of meeting the force at a -disadvantage, either at its entrance into the suburbs of the city, or at -the bridge across the Gokral, which is a small stream intersecting -Fyzabad road, midway between Lucknow and Chinhut. - -The force destined for this service, and which was composed as follows, -moved out at 6 A.M. on the morning of the 30th of June:-- - -_Artillery._--Four guns of No. -- Horse Light Field Battery, four guns -of No. 2 Oude Field Battery, two guns of No. 3 Oude Field Battery, and -an 8-inch howitzer. - -_Cavalry._--Troop of Volunteer Cavalry, and 120 troopers of detachments -belonging to the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Regiments of Oude Irregular Cavalry. - -_Infantry._--Three hundred of Her Majesty's 32nd, 150 of the 13th Native -Infantry, 60 of the 48th Native Infantry, and 20 of the 71st Native -Infantry (Sikhs). - -The troops, misled by the reports of wayfarers--who stated that there -were few or no men between Lucknow and Chinhut--proceeded somewhat -farther than had been originally intended, and suddenly fell in with the -enemy, who had up to that time eluded the vigilance of the advanced -guard, by concealing themselves behind a long line of trees in -overwhelming numbers. The European force and the howitzer, with the -native infantry, held the foe in check for some time, and had the six -guns of the Oude Artillery been faithful, and the Sikh cavalry shown a -better front, the day would have been won, in spite of an immense -disparity in numbers. But the Oude artillerymen and drivers were -traitors. They overturned the guns into ditches, cut the traces of their -horses, and abandoned them, regardless of the remonstrances and -exertions of their own officers, and of those of Sir Henry Lawrence's -staff, headed by the Brigadier-General in person, who himself drew his -sword upon these rebels. Every effort to induce them to stand having -proved ineffectual, the force, exposed to a vastly superior fire of -artillery, and completely outflanked on both sides by an overpowering -body of infantry and cavalry, which actually got into our rear, was -compelled to retire with the loss of three pieces of artillery, which -fell into the hands of the enemy, in consequence of the rank treachery -of the Oude gunners, and with a very grievous list of killed and -wounded. The heat was dreadful, the gun ammunition was expended, and the -almost total want of cavalry to protect our rear made our retreat most -disastrous. - -All the officers behaved well, and the exertions of the small body of -Volunteer Cavalry--only forty in number--under Captain Radcliffe, 7th -Light Cavalry, were most praiseworthy. Sir Henry Lawrence subsequently -conveyed his thanks to myself, who had, at his request, accompanied him -upon this occasion (Colonel Case being in command of Her Majesty's -32nd). He also expressed his approbation of the way in which his -Staff--Captain Wilson, officiating deputy assistant adjutant-general; -Lieutenant James, sub-assistant commissary-general; Captain Edgel, -officiating military secretary; and Mr. Couper, C.S.--the last of whom -had acted as Sir Henry Lawrence's A.D.C. from the commencement of the -disturbances,--had conducted themselves throughout this arduous day. Sir -Henry further particularly mentioned that he would bring the gallant -conduct of Captain Radcliffe and of Lieutenant Bonham, of the Artillery, -(who worked the howitzer successfully until incapacitated by a wound,) -to the prominent notice of the Government of India. The manner in which -Lieutenant Birch, 71st Native Infantry, cleared a village with a party -of Sikh skirmishes, also elicited the admiration of the -Brigadier-General. The conduct of Lieutenant Hardinge, who, with his -handful of horse, covered the retreat of the rear-guard, was extolled by -Sir Henry, who expressed his intention of mentioning the services of -this gallant officer to his Lordship in Council. Lieutenant-Colonel -Case, who commanded Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment, was mortally wounded -whilst gallantly leading on his men. The service had not a more -deserving officer. The command devolved on Captain Steevens, who also -received a death-wound shortly afterwards. The command then fell to -Captain Mansfield, who has since died of cholera. - -It will be in the recollection of his Lordship in Council that it was -the original intention of Sir Henry Lawrence to occupy not only the -Residency, but also the fort called Muchee Bhawun--an old dilapidated -edifice, which had been hastily repaired for the occasion, though the -defences were, even at the last moment, very far from complete, and -were, moreover, commanded by many houses in the city. The situation of -the Muchee Bhawun, with regard to the Residency, has already been -described to the Government of India. - -The untoward event of June the 30th so far diminished the whole -available force that we had not a sufficient number of men remaining to -occupy both positions. The Brigadier-General, therefore, on the evening -of July the 1st signalled to the garrison of the Muchee Bhawun to -evacuate and blow up that fortress in the course of the night. The -orders were ably carried out, and at 12 P.M. the force marched into the -Residency, with their guns and treasure, without the loss of a man; and -shortly afterwards the explosion of 240 barrels of gunpowder and -6,000,000 ball cartridges, which were lying in the magazine, announced -to Sir Henry Lawrence and his officers, who were anxiously awaiting the -report, the complete destruction of that post and all that it contained. -If it had not been for this wise and strategic measure, no member of the -Lucknow garrison, in all probability, would have survived to tell the -tale; for, as has already been stated, the Muchee Bhawun was commanded -from other parts of the town, and was, moreover, indifferently provided -with heavy artillery ammunition; while the difficulty, suffering, and -loss which the Residency garrison, even with the reinforcement thus -obtained from the Muchee Bhawun, has undergone in holding the position, -is sufficient to show that if the original intention of holding both -posts had been adhered to, both would have inevitably fallen. - -It is now my very painful duty to relate the calamity which befell us at -the commencement of the siege. On the 1st July an 8-inch shell burst in -the room in the Residency in which Sir H. Lawrence was sitting. The -missile burst between him and Mr. Couper, close to both; but without -injury to either. The whole of his staff implored Sir Henry to take up -other quarters, as the Residency had then become the special target for -the round shot and shell of the enemy. This, however, he jestingly -declined to do, observing that another shell would certainly never be -pitched into that small room. But Providence had ordained otherwise, for -on the very next day he was mortally wounded by the fragment of another -shell which burst in the same room exactly at the same spot. Captain -Wilson, deputy assistant adjutant-general, received a contusion at the -same time. - -The late lamented Sir H. Lawrence, knowing that his last hour was -rapidly approaching, directed me to assume command of the troops, and -appointed Major Banks to succeed him in the office of Chief -Commissioner. He lingered in great agony till the morning of the 4th -July, when he expired, and the Government was thereby deprived, if I may -venture to say so, of the services of a distinguished statesman and a -most gallant soldier. Few men have ever possessed to the same extent the -power he enjoyed of winning the hearts of all those with whom he came in -contact, and thus ensuring the warmest and most zealous devotion for -himself and for the Government which he served. The successful defence -of the position has been, under Providence, solely attributable to the -foresight which he evinced in the timely commencement of the necessary -operations, and the great skill and untiring personal activity which he -exhibited in carrying them into effect. All ranks possessed such -confidence in his judgment and his fertility of resource, that the news -of his fall was received throughout the garrison with feelings of -consternation only second to the grief which was inspired in the hearts -of all by the loss of a public benefactor and a warm personal friend. -Feeling as keenly and as gratefully as I do the obligations that the -whole of us are under to this great and good man, I trust the Government -of India will pardon me for having attempted, however imperfectly, to -portray them. In him every good and deserving soldier lost a friend and -a chief capable of discriminating, and ever on the alert to reward -merit, no matter how humble the sphere in which it was exhibited. - -The garrison had scarcely recovered the shock which it had sustained in -the loss of its revered and beloved General, when it had to mourn the -death of that able and respected officer, Major Banks, the officiating -chief commissioner, who received a bullet through his head while -examining a critical outpost on the 21st July, and died without a groan. -The description of our position, and the state of our defences when the -siege began, are so fully set forth in the memorandum furnished by the -garrison engineer, that I shall content myself with bringing to the -notice of his Lordship in Council the fact that when the blockade was -commenced, only two of our batteries were completed, part of the -defences were yet in an unfinished condition, and the buildings in the -immediate vicinity, which gave cover to the enemy, were only very -partially cleared away. Indeed, our heaviest losses have been caused by -the fire from the enemy's sharp-shooters stationed in the adjoining -mosques and houses of the native nobility, the necessity of destroying -which had been repeatedly drawn to the attention of Sir Henry by the -staff of engineers. But his invariable reply was, "Spare the holy -places, and private property too, as much as possible;" and we have -consequently suffered severely from our very tenderness to the religious -prejudices and respect to the rights of our rebellious citizens and -soldiery. As soon as the enemy had thoroughly completed the investment -of the Residency, they occupied these houses, some of which were within -easy pistol-shot of our barricades, in immense force, and rapidly made -loopholes on those sides which bore on our post, from which they kept up -a terrific and incessant fire day and night, which caused many daily -casualties, as there could not have been less than 8,000 men firing at -one time into our position. Moreover, there was no place in the whole of -our works that could be considered safe, for several of the sick and -wounded who were lying in the banqueting hall, which had been turned -into a hospital, were killed in the very centre of the building, and the -widow of Lieutenant Dorin and other women and children were shot dead in -rooms into which it had not been previously deemed possible that a -bullet could penetrate. Neither were the enemy idle in erecting -batteries. They soon had from twenty to twenty-five guns in position, -some of them of very large calibre. These were planted all round our -post at small distances, some being actually within fifty yards of our -defences, but in places where our own heavy guns could not reply to -them, while the perseverance and ingenuity of the enemy in erecting -barricades in front of, and around, their guns in a very short time, -rendered all attempts to silence them by musketry unavailing. Neither -could they be effectually silenced by shells, by reason of their extreme -proximity to our position, and because, moreover, the enemy had recourse -to digging very narrow trenches about eight feet in depth in rear of -each gun, in which the men lay while our shells were flying, and which -so effectually concealed them, even while working the gun, that our -baffled sharp-shooters could only see their hands while in the act of -loading. - -The enemy contented themselves with keeping up this incessant fire of -cannon and musketry until the 20th July, on which day, at 10 A.M., they -assembled in very great force all round our position, and exploded a -heavy mine inside our outer line of defences at the Water Gate. The -mine, however, which was close to the Redan, and apparently sprung with -the intention of destroying that battery, did no harm. But as soon as -the smoke had cleared away, the enemy boldly advanced under cover of a -tremendous fire of cannon and musketry, with the object of storming the -Redan. But they were received with such a heavy fire, that after a short -struggle they fell back with much loss. A strong column advanced at the -same time to attack Innes' post, and came on to within ten yards of the -palisades, affording to Lieutenant Loughnan, 13th Native Infantry, who -commanded the position, and his brave garrison, composed of gentlemen of -the Uncovenanted Service, a few of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot and the 13th -Native Infantry, an opportunity of distinguishing themselves, which they -were not slow to avail themselves of, and the enemy were driven back -with great slaughter. The insurgents made minor attacks at almost every -outpost, but were invariably defeated, and at 2 P.M. they ceased their -attempts to storm the place, although their musketry fire and -cannonading continued to harass us unceasingly as usual. Matters -proceeded in this manner until the 10th August, when the enemy made -another assault, having previously sprung a mine close to the brigade -mess, which entirely destroyed our defences for the space of twenty -feet, and blew in a great portion of the outside wall of the house -occupied by Mr. Shilling's garrison. On the dust clearing away, a breach -appeared, through which a regiment could have advanced in perfect order, -and a few of the enemy came on with the utmost determination, but were -met with such a withering flank fire of musketry from the officers and -men holding the top of the brigade mess, that they beat a speedy -retreat, leaving the more adventurous of their numbers lying on the -crest of the breach. While this operation was going on, another large -body advanced on the Cawnpore battery, and succeeded in locating -themselves for a few minutes in the ditch. They were, however, dislodged -by hand-grenades. At Captain Anderson's post they also came boldly -forward with scaling ladders, which they planted against the wall; but -here, as elsewhere, they were met with the most indomitable resolution, -and the leaders being slain, the rest fled, leaving the ladders, and -retreated to their batteries and loopholed defences, from whence they -kept up, for the rest of the day, an unusually heavy cannonade and -musketry fire. On the 18th August the enemy sprang another mine in front -of the Sikh lines with very fatal effect. Captain Orr (unattached), -Lieutenants Mecham and Soppitt, who commanded the small body of drummers -composing the garrison, were blown into the air; but providentially -returned to earth with no further injury than a severe shaking. The -garrison, however, were not so fortunate. No less than eleven men were -buried alive under the ruins, from whence it was impossible to extricate -them, owing to the tremendous fire kept up by the enemy from houses -situated not ten yards in front of the breach. The explosion was -followed by a general assault of a less determined nature than the two -former efforts, and the enemy were consequently repulsed without much -difficulty. But they succeeded, under cover of the breach, in -establishing themselves in one of the houses in our position, from which -they were driven in the evening by the bayonets of Her Majesty's 32nd -and 84th Foot. On the 5th of September the enemy made their last serious -assault. Having exploded a large mine, a few feet short of the bastion -of the 18-pounder gun, in Major Apthorp's post, they advanced with large -heavy scaling ladders, which they planted against the wall, and mounted, -thereby gaining for an instant the embrasure of a gun. They were, -however, speedily driven back with loss by hand-grenades and musketry. A -few minutes subsequently they sprung another mine close to the brigade -mess, and advanced boldly; but soon the corpses strewed in the garden in -front of the post bore testimony to the fatal accuracy of the rifle and -musketry fire of the gallant members of that garrison, and the enemy fed -ignominiously, leaving their leader--a fine-looking old native -officer--among the slain. At other posts they made similar attacks, but -with less resolution, and everywhere with the same want of success. -Their loss upon this day must have been very heavy, as they came on with -much determination, and at night they were seen bearing large numbers of -their killed and wounded over the bridges in the direction of -cantonments. - -The above is a faint attempt at a description of the four great -struggles which have occurred during this protracted season of exertion, -exposure, and suffering. His Lordship in Council will perceive that the -enemy invariably commenced his attacks by the explosion of a mine,--a -species of offensive warfare, for the exercise of which our position was -unfortunately peculiarly situated; and had it not been for the most -untiring vigilance on our part, in watching and blowing up their mines -before they were completed, the assaults would probably have been much -more numerous, and might, perhaps, have ended in the capture of the -place. But by countermining in all directions, we succeeded in detecting -and destroying no less than four of the enemy's subterraneous advances -towards important positions, two of which operations were eminently -successful, as on one occasion not less than eighty of them were blown -into the air, and twenty suffered a similar fate on the second -explosion. The labour, however, which devolved upon us in making these -counter-mines, in the absence of a body of skilled miners, was very -heavy. The Right Honourable the Governor-General in Council will feel -that it would be impossible to crowd, within the limits of a despatch, -even the principal events, much more the individual acts of gallantry, -which have marked this protracted struggle. But I can conscientiously -declare my conviction, that few troops have ever undergone greater -hardships, exposed as they have been to a never-ceasing musketry fire -and cannonade. They have also experienced the alternate vicissitudes of -extreme wet and intense heat, and that too with very insufficient -shelter from either, and in many places without any shelter at all. In -addition to having to repel real attacks, they have been exposed night -and day to the hardly less harassing false alarms which the enemy have -been constantly raising. The insurgents have frequently fired very -heavily, sounded the advance, and shouted for several hours together, -though not a man could be seen, with the view, of course, of harassing -our small and exhausted force; in which object they succeeded, for no -part has been strong enough to allow of a portion only of the garrison -being prepared in the event of a false attack being turned into a real -one. All, therefore, had to stand to their arms, and to remain at their -posts until the demonstration had ceased; and such attacks were of -almost nightly occurrence. The whole of the officers and men have been -on duty night and day during the eighty-seven days which the siege had -lasted, up to the arrival of Sir J. Outram, G.C.B. - -In addition to this incessant military duty, the force has been nightly -employed in repairing defences, in moving guns, in burying dead animals, -in conveying ammunition and commissariat stores from one place to -another, and in other fatigue duties too numerous and too trivial to -enumerate here. I feel, however, that any words of mine will fail to -convey any adequate idea of what our fatigue and labours have -been--labours in which all ranks and all classes, civilians, officers, -and soldiers, have all borne an equally noble part. All have together -descended into the mine; all have together handled the shovel for the -interment of the putrid bullock; and all, accoutred with musket and -bayonet, have relieved each other on sentry, without regard to the -distinctions of rank, civil or military. Notwithstanding all these -hardships, the garrison has made no less than five sorties, in which -they spiked two of the enemy's heaviest guns, and blew up several of the -houses from which they had kept up the most harassing fire. Owing to the -extreme paucity of our numbers, each man was taught to feel that on his -own individual efforts alone depended in no small measure the safety of -the entire position. This consciousness incited every officer, soldier, -and man to defend the post assigned to him with such desperate tenacity, -and fight for the lives which Providence had intrusted to his care with -such dauntless determination, that the enemy, despite their constant -attacks, their heavy mines, their overwhelming numbers, and their -incessant fire, could never succeed in gaining one inch of ground within -the bounds of this straggling position, which was so feebly fortified, -that had they once obtained a footing in any of the outposts, the whole -place must inevitably have fallen. - -If further proof be wanting of the desperate nature of the struggle -which we have, under God's blessing, so long and so successfully waged, -I would point to the roofless and ruined houses, to the crumpled walls, -to the exploded mines, to the open breaches, to the shattered and -disabled guns and defences, and lastly to the long and melancholy list -of the brave and devoted officers and men who have fallen. These silent -witnesses bear sad and solemn testimony to the way in which this feeble -position has been defended. During the early part of these vicissitudes, -we were left without any information whatever regarding the posture of -affairs outside. An occasional spy did indeed come in with the object of -inducing our sepoys and servants to desert; but the intelligence derived -from such sources was, of course, entirely untrustworthy. We sent our -messengers, daily calling for aid and asking for information, none of -whom ever returned until the 26th day of the siege, when a pensioner -named Ungud came back with a letter from General Havelock's camp, -informing us that they were advancing with a force sufficient to bear -down all opposition, and would be with us in five or six days. A -messenger was immediately despatched, requesting that on the evening of -their arrival on the outskirts of the city, two rockets might be sent -up, in order that we might take the necessary measures for assisting -them in forcing their way in. The sixth day, however, expired, and they -came not; but for many evenings after officers and men watched for the -ascension of the expected rockets, with hopes such as make the heart -sick. We knew not then, nor did we learn until the 29th of August--or -thirty-five days later--that the relieving force, after having fought -most nobly to effect our deliverance, had been obliged to fall back for -reinforcements, and this was the last communication we received until -two days before the arrival of Sir James Outram on Sept. 25th. - -Besides heavy visitations of cholera and smallpox, we have also had to -contend against a sickness which has almost universally pervaded the -garrison. Commencing with a very painful eruption it has merged into a -low fever, combined with diarrhoea; and although few or no men have -actually died from its effects, it leaves behind a weakness and -lassitude which, in the absence of all material sustenance, save coarse -beef and still coarser flour, none have been able entirely to get over. -The mortality among the women and children, and especially among the -latter, from these diseases and from other causes, has been perhaps the -most characteristic of the siege. The want of native servants has also -been a source of much privation. Owing to the suddenness with which we -were besieged, many of these people who might perhaps have otherwise -proved faithful to their employers, but who were outside of the defences -at the time, were altogether excluded. Very many more deserted, and -several families were consequently left without the services of a single -domestic. Several ladies have had to tend their children, and even to -wash their own clothes, as well as to cook their scanty meals entirely -unaided. Combined with the absence of servants, the want of proper -accommodation has probably been the cause of much of the disease with -which we have been afflicted. I cannot refrain from bringing to the -prominent notice of his Lordship in Council the patient endurance and -the Christian resignation which have been evinced by the women of this -garrison. They have animated us by their example. Many, alas! have been -made widows and their children fatherless in this cruel struggle. But -all such seem resigned to the will of Providence, and many, among whom -may be mentioned the honoured names of Birch, of Polehampton, of Barbor, -and of Gall, have, after the example of Miss Nightingale, constituted -themselves the tender and solicitous nurses of the wounded and dying -soldiers in the hospital. - -It only remains for me to bring to the favourable notice of his Lordship -in Council the names of those officers who have most distinguished -themselves, and afforded me the most valuable assistance in these -operations. Many of the best and bravest of these now rest from their -labours. Among them are Lieutenant-Colonel Case and Captain Radcliffe, -whose services have already been narrated. Captain Francis, 13th Native -Infantry--who was killed by a round shot--had particularly attracted the -attention of Sir H. Lawrence for his conduct while in command of the -Muchee Bhawun; Captain Fulton, of the Engineers, who also was struck by -a round shot, had, up to the time of his early and lamented death, -afforded me the most invaluable aid; he was indeed indefatigable; Major -Anderson, the chief Engineer, though, from the commencement of the -siege, incapable of physical exertion from the effects of the disease -under which he eventually sank, merited my warm acknowledgments for his -able counsel. Captain Simons, commandant of artillery, distinguished -himself at Chinhut, where he received the two wounds which ended in his -death; Lieutenants Shepherd and Arthur, 7th Light Cavalry, who were -killed at their posts; Captain Hughes, 57th Native Infantry, who was -mortally wounded at the capture of a house which formed one of the -enemy's outposts; Captain M'Cabe, of the 32nd Foot, who was killed at -the head of his men while leading his fourth sortie, as well as Captain -Mansfield, of the same corps, who died of cholera--were all officers who -had distinguished themselves highly. Mr. Lucas too, a gentleman -volunteer, and Mr. Boyson, of the Uncovenanted Service--who fell when on -the look-out at one of the most perilous outposts--had earned themselves -reputations for coolness and gallantry. - -The officers who commanded outposts--Lieutenant-Colonel Master, 7th -Light Cavalry; Major Apthorp, and Captain Sanders, 41st Native Infantry; -Captain Boileau, 7th Light Cavalry; Captain Germon, 13th Native -Infantry; Lieutenant Aitkin, and Lieutenant Loughnan, of the same corps; -Captain Anderson, 25th Native Infantry; Lieutenant Graydon, 44th Native -Infantry; Lieutenant Langmore, 71st Native Infantry; and Mr. Schilling, -principal of the Martiniere College--have all conducted ably the duties -of their onerous position. No further proof of this is necessary than -the fact which I have before mentioned, that throughout the whole -duration of the siege, the enemy were not only unable to take, but they -could not even succeed in gaining, one inch of the posts commanded by -these gallant gentlemen. Colonel Master commanded the critical and -important post of the brigade mess, on either side of which was an open -breach, only flanked by his handful of riflemen and musketeers. -Lieutenant Aitkin, with the whole of the 13th Native Infantry, which -remained to us with the exception of their Sikhs, commanded the Baillie -Guard--perhaps the most important position in the whole of the defences; -and Lieutenant Langmore, with the remnant of his regiment (the 71st), -held a very exposed position between the Hospital and the Water Gate. -This gallant and deserving young soldier and his men were entirely -without shelter from the weather, both by night and by day. - -My thanks are also due to Lieutenants Anderson, Hutchinson, and Innes, -of the Engineers, as well as Lieutenant Tulloch, 58th Native Infantry, -and Lieutenant Hay, 48th Native Infantry, who were placed under them to -aid in the arduous duties devolving upon that department. Lieutenant -Thomas, Madras Artillery, who commanded that arm of the service for some -weeks, and Lieutenants Macfarlane and Bonham, rendered me the most -effectual assistance. I was, however, deprived of the services of the -two latter, who were wounded, Lieutenant Bonham no less than three -times, early in the siege. Captain Evans, 17th Bombay Native Infantry, -who, owing to the scarcity of artillery officers, was put in charge of -some guns, was ever to be found at his post. - -Major Lowe, commanding Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment; Captain Bassano, -Lieutenants Lawrence, Edmonstoune, Foster, Harmar, Cooke, Clery, Browne, -and Charlton, of that corps, have all nobly performed their duty. Every -one of these officers, with the exception of Lieutenants Lawrence and -Clery, have received one or more wounds of more or less severity. -Quartermaster Stribbling, of the same corps, also conducted himself to -my satisfaction. - -Captain O'Brien, Her Majesty's 84th Foot; Captain Kemble, 41st Native -Infantry; Captain Edgell, 53rd Native Infantry; Captain Dinning, -Lieutenant Sewell, and Lieutenant Worsley, of the 71st Native Infantry; -Lieutenant Warner, 7th Local Corps; Ensign Ward, 48th Native Infantry -(who, when most of our artillery officers were killed or disabled, -worked the mortars with excellent effect); Lieutenant Graham, 11th -Native Infantry; Lieutenant Mecham, 4th Oude Locals; and Lieutenant -Keir, 41st Native Infantry, have all done good and willing service -throughout the siege, and I trust that they will receive the favourable -notice of his Lordship in Council. - -I beg particularly to call the attention of the Government of India to -the untiring industry, the extreme devotion, and the great skill which -have been evinced by Surgeon Scott (superintending surgeon), and -Assistant-surgeon Boyd, of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot; Assistant-surgeon -Bird, of the Artillery; Surgeon Campbell, 7th Light Cavalry; Surgeon -Brydon, 7th Native Infantry; Surgeon Ogilvie, sanitary commissioner; -Assistant-surgeon Fayrer, civil surgeon; Assistant-surgeon Partridge, -2nd Oude Irregular Cavalry; Assistant-surgeon Greenhow; -Assistant-surgeon Darby, and by Mr. Apothecary Thompson, in the -discharge of their onerous and most important duties. - -Messrs. Thornhill and Capper, of the Civil Service, have been both -wounded, and the way in which they, as well as Mr. Martin, the deputy -commissioner of Lucknow, conducted themselves, entitles them to a place -in this despatch. Captain Carnegie, the special assistant commissioner, -whose invaluable service previous to the commencement of the siege I -have frequently heard warmly dilated upon, both by Sir H. Lawrence and -by Major Banks, and whose exertions will probably be more amply brought -to notice by the civil authorities on some future occasion, has -conducted the office of provost marshal to my satisfaction. The Reverend -Mr. Harris and the Reverend Mr. Polehampton, assistant chaplains, vied -with each other in their untiring care and attention to the suffering -men. The latter gentleman was wounded in the hospital, and subsequently -unhappily died of cholera. Mr. M'Crae, of the Civil Engineers, did -excellent service, at the guns, until he was severely wounded. Mr. -Cameron, also, a gentleman who had come to Oude to inquire into the -resources of the country, acquired the whole mystery of mortar practice, -and was of the most signal service until incapacitated by sickness. Mr. -Marshall, of the road department, and other members of the Uncovenanted -Service, whose names will, on a subsequent occasion, be laid before the -Government of India, conducted themselves bravely and steadily. Indeed, -the entire body of these gentlemen have borne themselves well, and have -evinced great coolness under fire. - -I have now only to bring to the notice of the Right Honourable the -Governor-General in Council the conduct of the several officers who -composed my staff:--Lieutenant James, sub-assistant commissary-general, -was severely wounded by a shot through the knee at Chinhut, -notwithstanding which he refused to go upon the sick list, and carried -on his most trying duties throughout the entire siege. It is not too -much to say that the garrison owe their lives to the exertions and -firmness of this officer. Before the struggle commenced, he was ever in -the saddle, getting in supplies, and his untiring vigilance in their -distribution after our difficulties had begun, prevented a waste which -otherwise, long before the expiration of the eighty-seven days, might -have annihilated the force by the slow process of starvation. - -Captain Wilson, 13th Native Infantry, officiating deputy-assistant -adjutant-general, was ever to be found where shot was flying thickest; -and I am at a loss to decide whether his services were more invaluable -owing to the untiring physical endurance and bravery which he displayed, -or to his ever-ready and pertinent counsel and advice in moments of -difficulty and danger. - -Lieutenant Hardinge, an officer whose achievements and antecedents are -well known to the Government of India, has earned fresh laurels by his -conduct throughout the siege. He was officiating as deputy-assistant -quartermaster-general, and also commanded the Sikh portion of the -cavalry of the garrison. In both capacities his services have been -invaluable, especially in the latter, for it was owing alone to his -tact, vigilance, and bravery, that the Sikh horsemen were induced to -persevere in holding a very unprotected post under a heavy fire. - -Lieutenant Barwell, 71st Native Infantry, the fort adjutant and -officiating major of brigade, has proved himself to be an efficient -officer. - -Lieutenant Birch, of the 71st Native Infantry, has been my aide-de-camp -throughout the siege. I firmly believe there never was a better -aide-de-camp. He has been indefatigable, and ever ready to lead a -sortie, or to convey an order to a threatened outpost under the heaviest -fire. On one of these occasions he received a slight wound on the head. -I beg to bring the services of this most promising and intelligent young -officer to the favourable consideration of his Lordship in Council. - -I am also much indebted to Mr. Cooper, Civil Service, for the assistance -he has on many occasions afforded me by his judicious advice. I have, -moreover, ever found him most ready and willing in the performance of -the military duties assigned to him, however exposed the post or arduous -the undertaking. He commenced his career in Her Majesty's service, and -consequently had had some previous experience of military matters. If -the road to Cawnpore had been made clear by the advent of our troops, it -was my intention to have deputed this officer to Calcutta, to detail in -person the occurrences which have taken place, for the information of -the Government of India. I still hope that when our communications shall -be once more unopposed he may be summoned to Calcutta for this purpose. - -Lastly, I have the pleasure of bringing the splendid behaviour of the -soldiers, viz., the men of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot, the small detachment -of Her Majesty's 84th Foot, the European and Native Artillery, the 13th, -48th, and 71st Regiments of Native Infantry, and the Sikhs of the -respective corps, to the notice of the Government of India. The losses -sustained by Her Majesty's 32nd, which is now barely 300 strong; by Her -Majesty's 84th, and by the European Artillery, show at least that they -knew how to die in the cause of their countrymen. Their conduct under -the fire, the exposure, and the privations which they had to undergo, -has been throughout most admirable and praiseworthy. - -As another instance of the desperate character of our defence, and the -difficulties we have had to contend with, I may mention that the number -of our artillerymen was so reduced that on the occasion of an attack, -the gunners, aided as they were by men of Her Majesty's 32nd Foot, and -by volunteers of all classes, had to run from one battery to another, -wherever the fire of the enemy was hottest, there not being nearly -enough men to serve half the number of guns at the same time. In short, -at last, the number of European gunners was only twenty-four, while we -had, including mortars, no less than thirty guns in position. - -With respect to the native troops, I am of opinion that their loyalty -has never been surpassed. They were indifferently fed and worse housed. -They were exposed--especially the 13th Regiment--under the gallant -Lieutenant Aitken, to a most galling fire of round shot and musketry, -which materially decreased their numbers. They were so near the enemy -that conversation could be carried on between them; and every effort, -persuasion, promise, and threat was alternately resorted to, in vain, to -seduce them from their allegiance to the handful of Europeans, who, in -all probability, would have been sacrificed by their desertion. All the -troops behaved nobly, and the names of those men of the native force who -have particularly distinguished themselves, have been laid before -Major-General Sir James Outram, G.C.B., who has promised to promote -them. Those of the European force will be transmitted in due course for -the orders of His Royal Highness the General Commanding-in-Chief. - -In conclusion, I beg leave to express, on the part of myself and the -members of this garrison, our deep and grateful sense of the conduct of -Major-General Sir J. Outram, G.C.B.; of Brigadier-General Havelock, -C.B., and of the troops under those officers who so devotedly came to -our relief at so heavy a sacrifice of life. We are also repaid for much -suffering and privation by the sympathy which our brave deliverers say -our perilous and unfortunate position has excited for us in the hearts -of our countrymen throughout the length and breadth of Her Majesty's -dominions.--I have, &c., - - (Signed) T. Inglis, - Colonel, Her Majesty's 32nd, Brigadier. - - -No. V. - -_From the Homeward Mail._ - - A COMPLETE NOMINAL LIST OF THE OFFICERS, MEMBERS OF THE UNCOVENANTED - SERVICE, AND WOMEN AND CHILDREN OF THE LUCKNOW GARRISON; AND AS THE - RETURN PROCEEDED FROM AN OFFICIAL SOURCE THE AUTHENTICITY MAY BE FULLY - RELIED ON. - -_General Staff._ - -Brigadier-General Sir H. M. Lawrence, chief commissioner, killed; -Lieutenant Hutchinson, aide-de-camp; Captain Hayes, military secretary, -killed; Captain Edgell, officiating; Captain Wilson, deputy -assistant-adjutant-general, contused, recovered; Lieutenant Hardinge, -deputy assistant quartermaster-general, twice wounded, recovered; -Lieutenant James, sub-assistant commissary general, wounded, doing well; -Major Anderson, chief engineer, dead; Major Marriott, pension-paymaster. - - -_Brigade Staff._ - -Brigadier Handscomb, commanding Oude brigade, killed; Brigadier Inglis, -commanding the garrison; Lieutenant Birch, aide-de-camp, slightly -wounded, recovered; Lieutenant Barwell, town and fort adjutant, -officiating major of brigade; Captain Carnegie, provost marshal. - - -_Artillery._ - -Captain Simons, wounded, since dead; First Lieutenant Alexander, -wounded, recovered, since killed; First Lieutenant Thomas (Madras); -Second Lieutenant Lewin, killed; Lieutenant Brice, wounded, since dead; -Second Lieutenant Bonham, wounded three times, doing well; Second -Lieutenant J. Alexander, slightly wounded, recovered; Second Lieutenant -MacFarlan, wounded, doing well; Second Lieutenant Cunliffe, wounded, -since dead. - - -_Engineers._ - -Captain Fulton, garrison engineer, killed; Lieutenant Anderson (Madras) -officiating; Lieutenant Innes. - - -_7th Regiment Light Cavalry._ - -Lieutenant-Colonel Master; Captain Staples, killed; Captain Radcliffe, -wounded, since dead; Captain Boileau, slightly wounded, recovered; -Lieutenant Arthur, killed; Lieutenant Boulton, killed; Lieutenant -Warner, adjutant; Lieutenant Martin, killed; Lieutenant Farquhar, -wounded, convalescent; Lieutenant Raleigh, killed; Surgeon Campbell; -veterinary surgeon Hely, killed; riding master Eldridge, killed. - - -_Her Majesty's 32nd Foot._ - -Lieutenant-Colonel Case, killed; Major Lowe, commanding, twice wounded, -doing well; Captain Stevens, killed; Captain Mansfield, dead; Captain -Power, wounded, since dead; Captain Bassano, wounded, recovered; Captain -M'Cabe, mortally wounded, since dead; Lieutenant Lawrence; Lieutenant -Edmonstoune, twice wounded, doing well; Lieutenant Webb, killed; -Lieutenant Foster, wounded, recovered; Lieutenant Clery; Lieutenant -Brown; Lieutenant Brackenbury, killed; Lieutenant Harmer, wounded, doing -well; Lieutenant Cook, slightly wounded, recovered; Ensign Charlton, -wounded, doing well; Ensign Studdy, killed; Paymaster Giddings; -Quartermaster Stribbling; Surgeon Scott, M.D.; Assistant-Surgeon Boyd. - - -_Detachment of Her Majesty's 84th Foot._ - -Lieutenant O'Brien, wounded, recovered; Ensign McGrath. - - -_13th Regiment Native Infantry._ - -Major Bruere, killed; Captain Waterman, wounded, recovered; Captain -Germon; Captain Francis, killed; Lieutenant Aitken, Quartermaster; -Lieutenant Chambers, adjutant, wounded, doing well; Lieutenant Thain; -Lieutenant Loughnan; Ensign Green, dead; Surgeon Pitt. - - -_41st Regiment Native Infantry._ - -Major Apthorp; Captain Kemble, wounded, recovered; Captain Sanders; -Lieutenant Ruggles; Lieutenant Graves, dead; Lieutenant Darrah; -Lieutenant Inglis, wounded, recovered; Lieutenant Keir; Ensign McGregor, -dead; Ensign Hewitt, slightly wounded, recovered; Surgeon Macdonald, -dead. - - -_48th Regiment Native Infantry._ - -Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer; Major Bird; Captain Burmester, killed; -Captain Green; Lieutenant Huxham, twice wounded, doing well; Lieutenant -Smith, Adjutant, wounded (accidentally), doing well; Lieutenant Ouseley, -Quartermaster; Lieutenant Fletcher, wounded, doing well; Lieutenant -Dashwood, wounded, since dead; Lieutenant Hay, wounded slightly, -recovered; Ensign Farquharson, killed; Ensign O'Dowda, slightly wounded, -recovered; Ensign Ward; Surgeon Wells, wounded slightly, recovered. - - -_71st Regiment Native Infantry._ - -Colonel Halford, dead; Captain Strangways, slightly wounded, recovered; -Captain Dinning; Captain Maclean, killed; Lieutenant Langmore, Adjutant; -Lieutenant Sewell; Lieutenant Grant, killed; Ensign Worsley; Ensign C. -W. Campbell, wounded, doing well; Ensign W. Campbell; Surgeon Brydon, -wounded, recovered. - - -_Officers not belonging to the Oude Brigade._ - -Major Banks, Provisional Chief Commissioner, killed; Captain Stuart, 3rd -Native Infantry; Captain H. Lloyd Evans, 17th Bombay Native Infantry; -Lieutenant Fullerton, 44th Native Infantry, dead; Lieutenant Lester, -32nd Native Infantry, killed; Lieutenant Tullock, 58th Native Infantry; -Lieutenant Birch, 59th Native Infantry, killed; Ensign Inglis, 63rd -Native Infantry, doing duty 13th Native Infantry; Captain Weston, 65th -Native Infantry, Oude Frontier Police; Ensign Dashwood, 18th Native -Infantry, mortally wounded, since dead. - - -_Oude Irregular Force._ - -Brigadier Gray, Commanding; Captain Barlow, Major of Brigade, wounded, -since dead; Captain Forbes, 1st Oude Cavalry, slightly wounded, -recovered; Lieutenant Bax, Second in Command, killed; Lieutenant Graham, -Officiating Adjutant, dead; Assistant-Surgeon Greenhow; Major Gall, 2nd -Oude Cavalry, killed; Lieutenant Shepherd, Second in Command, killed; -Lieutenant Barbor, Adjutant, killed; Gentleman Volunteer Fayrer, killed; -Assistant-Surgeon Partridge; Lieutenant Graham, Adjutant, 3rd Oude -Cavalry, slightly wounded twice, recovered; Lieutenant Clarke, 1st Oude -Infantry; Captain Hughes, 4th Oude Infantry, wounded, since dead; -Lieutenant Soppitt, 4th Oude Infantry; Assistant-Surgeon Hadow; Captain -Hawes, 6th Oude Infantry, wounded, recovered; Lieutenant Grant, Second -in Command, wounded, since dead; Apothecary Thompson; Lieutenant -Graydon, 7th Oude Infantry, very dangerously wounded, since dead; -Lieutenant Watson, Second in Command; Lieutenant Mechamns, Adjutant; -Lieutenant Vanrenen, 9th Oude Infantry; Assistant-Surgeon Darby, M.D., -10th Oude Infantry; Captain Hearsey, unattached; Captain Orr, unattached. - - -_Assistant Chaplains of Lucknow._ - -The Reverend H. P. Harris; the Reverend H. S. Polehampton, wounded, -since dead. - - -_Civil Surgeons._ - -Surgeon Ogilvie, Superintendent of Jails; Assistant-Surgeon Fayrer, -Residency Surgeon. - - -_Gentlemen of the Civil Service._ - -Mr. Gubbins, Financial Commissioner; Mr. Ommanney, Judicial -Commissioner, killed; Mr. Cooper, Secretary, Chief Commissioner; Mr. -Martin, Deputy-Commissioner, Lucknow; Mr. Benson, Deputy-Commissioner, -Durriabad; Mr. Capper, Deputy-Commissioner, Mullaon; Mr. Lawrence, -Officiating Deputy-Commissioner, Gondah, wounded, recovered; Mr. -Thornhill, Assistant-Commissioner, Lucknow, slightly wounded, -recovered--dangerously wounded, since dead; Mr. Boulderson, -Assistant-Commissioner, Lucknow, slightly wounded, recovered. - - -_Ladies and Children in Garrison._ - -Mrs. Hayes and child, Mrs. Edgell and child, Mrs. Marriot, Mrs. Inglis -and three children, Mrs. Barwell and child, Mrs. Thomas and child (Mrs. -Thomas, dead), Mrs. Lewin and two children, Mrs. Staples, Mrs. Radcliffe -and three children (one child dead), Mrs. Boileau and three children, -Mrs. Case and sister, Mrs. Steeven, Mrs. Giddings, Mrs. Bruere and four -children, Mrs. Germon, Mrs. Aitken, Mrs. Pitt and child, Mrs. Apthorp -and child (child dead), Mrs. Darrah and two children, Miss Palmer -killed, Mrs. Bird and two children (one child dead), Mrs. Green (dead), -Mrs. Huxham and two children (one child dead), Mrs. Ouseley and three -children (two children dead), Mrs. Dashwood and three children (one -child dead), Mrs. Wells and child, Mrs. Halford, Miss Halford, Mrs. -Strangways and four children (one child dead), Mrs. Brydon and two -children, Mrs. Stuart and child, Mrs. Banks and child, Mrs. Birch, Mrs. -Orr and child, Mrs. Hearsey, Mrs. Barlow, Mrs. Forbes and three children -(two children dead), Mrs. Graham and two children (one child dead), Mrs. -Gall, Mrs. Barbor, Mrs. Clarke, Mrs. Soppitt, Mrs. Grant and child (both -dead), Mrs. Watson and child, Mrs. Harris, Mrs. Polehampton, Mrs. -Ogilvie, Mrs. Fayrer and child, Mrs. Gubbins, Miss Nepean, Mrs. Ommaney, -two Misses Ommaney, Mrs. Couper and three children, Mrs. Martin and two -children (two children dead), Mrs. Benson and child (child dead), Mrs. -Thornhill and child (child dead), Mrs. Schilling, Mrs. Hale and child, -(both dead), Mrs. Fullerton and child (child dead), Mrs. Dorin, killed; -Mrs Kendall and child (child dead), Mrs. Bartrum and child (child dead), -Mrs. Clarke and child (both dead), Mrs. Anderson and child (both dead), -Mrs. Anderson, Dr. Mrs. Boileau and four children (one child dead), Miss -E. E. Birch. - - -_European Women and Children in Garrison._ - -Mrs. Evans, dead; Mrs. Brett and child (child dead), Mrs. Ball and -child; Mrs. Cane and three children; Mrs. Court and two children; Mrs. -Connell and child; Mrs. Grant; Mrs. Abbott and child (child dead); Mrs. -Hembro and three children; Mrs. Purcell and child; Mrs. Longton and -child; Mrs. Morgan; Mrs. Sexton; Mrs. Ramsay; Mrs. Watson and child; -Mrs. Ryder; Mrs. Wells and child; Mrs. Woods and three children (one -child dead); Mrs. Morton and child (child dead); Mrs. Baxter and three -children; Mrs. Fitzgerald and child; Mrs. Fitzgerald and three children -(one child dead); Mrs. Martin; Mrs. Kinsley and four children; Mrs. Rae; -Mrs. Gabriell and three children; Mrs. Pew, senior; Mrs. Pew, junior, -and four children (two children dead); Mrs. Ireland and child; Mrs. -Swarris and three children; Mrs. Gambooa; Mrs. Blyth and child (child -dead); Mrs. Jones; Mrs. Luxted; Miss Luxted; Mrs. Catania; Mrs. Forbes; -Mrs. Blaney; Mrs. Hyde and two children; Mrs. Sequera, senior; Mrs. -Sequera, junior, killed; Mrs. Chrestien; Miss Sequera, Mrs. Vaughan and -two children; Mrs. Beale; Mrs. Hardingham; Mrs. Sinclair; Miss Hampton; -Mrs. Elliott; Mrs. Sangster and two children; Mrs. Barnett and child; -Miss Sangster; Mrs. Browne; Mrs. Hamilton and three children (two -children dead); Mrs. Velozo; Miss Velozo; Mrs. Horn and three children; -Mrs. Parry and four children; Mrs. Ereth; Mrs. Bates; Mrs. Scott and -child (child dead); Mrs. Need and three children; Mrs. Higgins, dead; -Mrs. Williams and child (child dead); Mrs. Wilkinson, dead; Mrs. Allnutt -and child (child dead); Mrs. Reilly and child (child dead); Mrs. Collins -and child (both dead); Mrs. Macgrenan; Mrs. Garland and child; Miss -Clarke; Mrs. J. J. Phillips; Mrs. W. Phillips and child; Mrs. Leslie; -Mrs. Lincoln and child; Mrs. Chick and two children (one child dead); -Mrs. Clancey and two children; Mrs. Joyce and child; Mrs. Best and child -(child dead); Mrs. Pidgeon; Mrs. Todd and child; Mrs. Blunt; Mrs. -Garrett and two children; Mrs. Pedron; Miss Marshall; Miss Savaille; -Miss Campagnac; Mrs. Dudman and three children (two children dead); Mrs. -Ward and child; Mrs. Dudman 2nd, Mrs. Rennick; Mrs. Derozario; Mrs. -Dacosta; Mrs. Archer and two children; Mrs. Hilton and two children; -Mrs. Dera Vara and two children; Mrs. Pender and four children; Mrs. -McDonnough and two children; Mrs. Oliver and two children; Mrs. Brown; -Mrs. Rontleff and child; Mrs. Curwan and child; Mrs. Lynch and child; -Mrs. Moreton and two children (both children dead); Mrs. Smith and three -children; Mrs. Brandoff; Mrs. Curtain and three children; Mrs. Kennedy; -Mrs. Bally and two children; Mrs. Peter; Miss Kennedy; Mrs. Burnet and -child; Mrs. Cook and four children (one child dead); Mrs. Bryson and -four children (one child dead); Mrs. Marshall; Mrs. Rutledge and two -children; Mrs. Lawrence and two children (one child dead); Mrs. Samson; -Mrs. Horan and three children; Mrs. Kavanagh and four children (one -child dead); Mrs. F. Marshall and two children; Mrs. Sago; Mrs. Virtue; -Miss Virtue; Miss Brown; Mrs. F. Williams and two children; Mrs. Gordon -and two children; Mrs. Hoff; Mrs. Wittenbaker and eight children; Mrs. -Donnithorne and two children (one child dead); Mrs. Pearce and two -children; Mrs. Mendes, dead; Miss Gardner; Miss Roberts; Mrs. Dubois, -senior; Mrs. Dubois, junior; Mrs. Campagnac, senior; Mrs. Campagnac, -junior, and four children; Miss Campagnac, 1st; Miss Campagnac, 2nd; -Mrs. Mahar and two children; Mrs. Twitchem; Mrs. Marley and one child; -Miss Hampton; Mrs. Longden; Miss Rodgers; Mrs. Duff and child; Mrs. -Griffiths and three children; Mrs. Keogh and five children (three -children dead); Mrs. Molloy and five children; Mrs. Hernon and four -children; Mrs. Bickers and three children; Mrs. Barrett and three -children (one child dead); Mrs. Casey and five children (one child -dead); Mrs. Alone, Miss Alone; Miss Arno; Miss Robinson; Miss Bowhear; -Mrs. Johannes and child; Mrs. Queiros and child; Mrs. Dias; Mrs. -Pelling; Mrs. Nazareth and two children (Mrs. Nazareth, dead); Mrs. -Nugent, junior, and three children; Mrs. Joseph and three children; Mrs. -Hamilton; Mrs. Blenman; Mrs. Bates and child; Mrs. Barfoot. - - -_Members of the Uncovenanted Service._ - -Messrs. J. F. Macgrenan, R. Garland, W. E. Fitzgerald, R. M. Collins, F. -Leach, F. Williams, F. Knight, J. Gordon, E. Hoff, R. Dorrett, Anthony -Wharton, Wittenbaker, Wittenbaker junior (killed), S. Williams, -Donnithorne, Velozo, Pearce, Mendes (killed), Phillips, French, Leslie, -Lincoln, Chick, W. Phillips, Clancey (killed), Ewart, Todd, R. Joyce, -Thriepland Blund, Forrester (wounded), Potter, Kavanagh, Marshall, -Forder, May, Martin, Morgan (wounded), McRae (wounded), Bryson (killed), -J. Brown (killed), C. Brown (killed), O. Browne (dead), W. Marshall -(killed), E. Sequera (killed), Blancey (wounded, recovered), Rutledge -(wounded, recovered), Duhan, Hutton, Owen, Morgan, Lawrence, Sarle, -Sequera, Parey, Allnutt, B. Alone, A. Alone (wounded), A. Bates, Blenham -(wounded), Bailey (wounded, recovered), Bickers (wounded), Ereth -(killed), T. Catania, C. Catania, Hardingham, Rees, J. Sinclair -(wounded), McAuliffe (killed), Sinclair (pensioner), Rae, Gabriel, -Samuels, Pew, sen., A. Pew, jun., G. Ireland, W. Ireland, Swarries -(wounded, recovered), Fernandes, Blythe, Jones, Luxted (pensioner), Hyde -(wounded, slightly recovered), Howard, Forbes, Blaney, Deprat (killed), -W. Hamilton, Sequera, Sequera, jun. (wounded, recovered), Chrestien, -Schmidth (wounded, since dead), Collins, Vaughan (wounded, recovered), -Elliott, Sangster, Beale (killed), Queiros, Queiros junior, Queiros 3rd, -Johannes, Nazareth, Dias, Signor Barsotelli, Jeoffry, W. Brown, -Mitchell, Johnson, Symes, Wells (killed), Dubois, Campagnac, C. -Campagnac, E. Dudman, Owen, Hill, Crabb (killed), Need (killed), Ward, -Barry, Casey (dead), Barrett (dead), Wiltshire (dead), Macmanus -(killed), Cameron (dead), Gerald Cameron (merchant), H. H. Birch (son of -the late Lieut.-Col. F. W. Birch). - - -_Martiniere School._ - -Mr. Schilling, Principal; Mr. Crank, Assistant; Messrs. Archer, Dodd, -Wall, Hilton, Dera Vara, De Verrine, and boys. - - -PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE, LONDON. - - - - - * * * * * * - - - - -Transcriber's note: - -Apparent typographical errors have been corrected. - -The use of hyphens and of accents has been rationalised. - -One superscript and two "oe" ligatures have been removed. - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE DEFENCE OF LUCKNOW*** - - -******* This file should be named 53093.txt or 53093.zip ******* - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/5/3/0/9/53093 - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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