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-The Project Gutenberg eBook, A Naval Expositior, by Thomas Riley Blanckley
-
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-
-
-
-Title: A Naval Expositior
- Shewing and Explaining the Words and Terms of Art Belonging to the Parts, Qualities and Proportions of Building, Rigging, Furnishing, & Fitting a Ship for Sea
-
-
-Author: Thomas Riley Blanckley
-
-
-
-Release Date: August 27, 2016 [eBook #52902]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-
-***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A NAVAL EXPOSITIOR***
-
-
-E-text prepared by Steven Gibbs, Les Galloway, and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net)
-
-
-
-Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
- file which includes the original illustrations.
- See 52902-h.htm or 52902-h.zip:
- (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/52902/52902-h/52902-h.htm)
- or
- (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/52902/52902-h.zip)
-
-
-Transcriber's note:
-
- Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
-
- A carat character is used to denote superscription. A
- single character following the carat is superscripted
- (example: D^o). Multiple superscripted characters are
- enclosed by curly brackets (example: 15^{inch}).
-
-
-
-
-
- A
- Naval Expositor,
-
- _Shewing and Explaining
- The Words and Terms of Art belonging to
- the Parts, Qualities and Proportions of Building,
- Rigging, Furnishing, & Fitting a Ship for Sea_.
-
- Also
-
- _All Species that are received into the Magazines,
- and on what Services they are Used and Issued._
-
- Together with
-
- _The Titles of all the Inferior Officers belonging to a Ship,
- with an Abridgment of their respective Duties._
-
- _By Thomas Riley Blanckley._
-
- _LONDON Printed by E. Owen, in Warwick Lane, and
- Engraved by Paul Fourdrinier at Charing Cross._
-
- MDCCL.
-
-
-
-
-_To the Right Honourable the Lords Commissioners for Executing the
-Office of Lord High Admiral of_ Great Britain _and_ Ireland, _and of
-all His Majesty's Plantations_, &c.
-
-
-As the following Sheets have been published by your Lordships
-Approbation, they are, with the greatest Submission and Gratitude,
-dedicated to your Lordships,
-
- _By,
- My Lords,
- Your Lordships
- Most Obedient,
- Most Dutiful,
- and
- Most Humble Servant_,
-
- Thomas Riley Blanckley.
-
-
-
-
-A LIST OF THE SUBSCRIBERS.
-
-
- A.
-
- Right Honourable the Lords of the _Admiralty_ (as a Board.)
- Joseph Allin, _Esq_; _Surveyor of His Majesty's Navy_.
- Governors and Company of the _Royal Exchange Assurance Office_.
- Capt. Mariot Arbuthnot.
- Capt. Thomas Andrewes.
- George Atkins, _Esq_;
- William Allix, _Esq_;
- Charles Alexander, _Esq_;
- Michael Atkins, _Esq_;
- Roger Altham, _Esq_;
- William Allix, _Esq_; _Commissioner of the Six-penny Office_.
- Mr Gabriel Acworth.
- Mr John Andrews.
- Mr Elias Arnaud.
- Mr Thomas Adney.
- Mr Charles Allen.
- Mr Samuel Allin.
- Mr Williams Arthur.
- Mr D. H. S. Augier.
- Mr George Allen.
- Lieutenant John Angier.
- Mr William Atwick.
- Mr James Atkins.
- Mr Edward Allin.
-
-
- B.
-
- His Grace the Duke of Bedford, _Principal Secretary of State_.
- Right Honourable Lord Viscount Barrington, _Lord of the Admiralty_,
- 6 Books.
- Charles Brown, _Esq_; _Commissioner of the Navy at Chatham_.
- Capt. Wm. Bladwell, 2 Books.
- Capt. Patrick Baird.
- Capt. Henry Barnfley.
- Capt. Mathew Buckle.
- Sir William Baird, _Bart_.
- George Bellas, _Esq_; 14 Books.
- James Bankes, _Esq_;
- Edward Busby, _Esq_;
- Robert Bennett, _Esq_;
- Charles Burley, _Esq_;
- Mr Edward Bentham.
- Mr Richard Bowers.
- Mr John Barker.
- Mr James Bucknall.
- Mr William Bruce.
- Mr Jonas Botting.
- Mr Bryan Bentham.
- Mr John Baynard.
- Mr William Bately.
- Mr John Bately.
- Mr John Bannick.
- Mr Jonas Benjamin.
- Mr Thomas Barnfield.
- Mr Owen Bird.
- Mr Richard Burry.
- Mr Daniel Baverstock.
- Lieut. Thomas Burnett.
- Mr Pentecost Barker.
- Mr Nathaniel Bishop.
- Mr Robert Bogg.
- Mr Charles Bowes.
- Mr Thomas Brewer.
- Mr Francis Benson.
- Mr John Bromfall.
- Mr Richard Brett.
-
-
- C.
-
- Right Honourable Lord Viscount Cobham.
- Right. Hon. Lord Colville.
- Thomas Corbett, _Esq_; _Secretary of the Admiralty_, 2 Books.
- John Clevland, _Esq_; _Secretary of the Admiralty_, 2 Books.
- Capt. John Cokburne.
- Capt. Alexander Campbell.
- Lieut. Col. Mordaunt Cracherode.
- Richard Owen Cambridge, _Esq_; 2 Books.
- Robert Chapman, _L. L. D._
- Claude Crespigny, _Esq_;
- Philip Crespigny, _Esq_;
- John Spencer Colepeper, _Esq_;
- John Carter, _Esq_;
- Edmund Clark, _Esq_;
- Thomas Colby, _Esq_;
- John Crookshanks, _Esq_;
- Lieut. Christopher Coles.
- Lieut. John Clark.
- Mr Francis Colepeper.
- Mr John Cogswell.
- Mr Ulick Cormick.
- Mr Edward Collingwood.
- Mr William Cookson.
- Mr George Crisp.
- Mr Thomas Crabtree.
- Mr John Cæfar.
- Mr Richard Cheslyn.
- Mr Robert Calland.
- Mr Joseph Champion.
- Mr Raphael Courteville.
-
-
- D.
-
- His Grace the Duke of Devonshire.
- Rt. Hon. Ld. Viscount Duncannon, _Lord of the Admiralty_, 6 Books.
- Capt. Digby Dent.
- Capt. James Douglass.
- Capt. Cotton Dent.
- Capt. Thomas Dove.
- Andrew Coltee Ducarell, _L. L. D._
- Jacob Dias, _Esq_;
- Arthur Dobbins, _Esq_;
- Lieut. John Dunkley.
- Mr Windham Deverell.
- Mr Elias Dunsterville.
- Mr Thomas Dobbins.
- Mr Henry Daniel.
-
-
- E.
-
- Hon. Capt. Geo. Edgcumbe.
- Capt. John Evans.
- Capt. Michael Everitt.
- Mr John Elliott.
- Mr John Holland Ecles.
- Mr John Etherington.
-
- F.
-
- Hon. John Forbes, _Esq_; _Rear Admiral of the White Squadron of His
- Majesty's Fleet_.
- Thomas Fox, _Esq_; _Rear Admiral_.
- Capt. Thomas Frankland.
- Capt. John Fawler.
- Capt. William Fortescue.
- Capt. Thomas Foley.
- Josias Farrer, _Esq_;
- Lieut. Robert Frankland.
- Mr Thomas Fellowes.
- Mr Joseph Fletcher.
- Mr James Forrester.
- Mr Henry Farrant.
-
-
- G.
-
- Right Hon. Lord Viscount Gallway.
- Hon. George Grenville, _Esq_; _Lord of the Treasury_.
- Tho. Graves, _Esq_; _Rear Admiral_.
- John Gascoigne, _Esq_; _Rear Admiral_.
- Capt. Francis Geary.
- Capt. William Gordon.
- Capt. James Gambier.
- Capt. Robert Grant.
- Capt. Samuel Graves.
- Samuel Grubb, _Esq_;
- Lieut. Thomas Graves.
- Mr John Greenway, 2 Books.
- Mr William Gray.
- Mr Philip Gilbert.
- Mr John Grover.
- Mr Thomas Grant.
- Mr John Golding.
- Mr James Grove.
-
-
- H.
-
- Right Hon. the Earl of Hallifax, _First Lord of Trade and Plantations_.
- Right Hon. Lord Hobart.
- Mons. Hasselaer, _Burgomaster of Amsterdam, and President of the
- Admiralties in Holland_.
- Mons. Hop, _Envoy from the States of the United Provinces_.
- Hon. Sir Edward Hawke, _Knight of the Bath, and Vice Admiral of the
- Blue Squadron of His Majesty's Fleet_.
- Sir William Hewett, _Bart._
- Colonel —— Haldane.
- George Hay, _L. L. D._
- Capt. Joseph Hamar.
- Capt. Charles Holmes.
- Capt. Edmund Home.
- Capt. John Hale.
- Nathaniel Hills, _Esq_;
- John Hooke, _Esq_;
- Thomas Hill, _Esq_;
- Frederick Hill, _Esq_;
- George Hinde, _Esq_;
- William Hotham, _Esq_;
- John Houlton, _Esq_;
- Lieut. James Hume.
- Mr William Hawes.
- Mr Richard Hay.
- Mr William Hicks.
- Mr Richard Hogg.
- Mr William Hickes.
- Mr Thomas Hickes.
- Mr Thomas Haselden.
- Mr Joseph Hughes.
- Mr James Henshaw.
- Mr Nicholas Hinton.
- Mr Lancaster Hull.
-
-
- I.
-
- Capt. Thomas Innes.
- Mr George Jackson.
- Mr Francis Jones.
- Mr Peter Jope.
-
-
- K.
-
- Charles Knowles, _Esq_; _Rear Admiral of the Red Squadron of
- His Majesty's Fleet_.
- Capt. Charles Knowler.
- Capt. Thomas Knowler.
- Capt. Thomas Knackston.
- Mr Richard Kee.
- Mr John Kerly.
-
-
- L.
-
- Right Hon. the Earl of Leicester, _Post-Master General_.
- Right Hon. Mr. Legge, _Treasurer of the Navy_.
- George Lyttelton, _Esq_; _Lord of the Treasury_.
- Colonel Lyttelton.
- Capt. Julian Legge.
- John Lock, _Esq_;
- Edward Linzee, _Esq_;
- Lieut. Louis Lasinby.
- Mr John Lee.
- Mr John Lyne.
- Mr John Lucas.
- Mr David Lucas, _jun._
- Mr Joseph Lock.
- Mr James Leake.
- Mr John Lievre.
-
-
- M.
-
- Mathew Michell, _Esq_;
- Capt. John Montagu.
- Capt. Christopher Middleton.
- Capt. Jarvis Maplesden.
- Robert Michell, _Esq_;
- M. Mendez, _Esq_;
- Lewis Mendez, _jun._ _Esq_;
- Roger Mainwaring, _jun._ _Esq_;
- Butler Morn, _Esq_;
- Lieut. John Moore.
- Lieut. Thomas Morse.
- Lieut. Henry Moyle.
- Lieut. Hugh Mackay.
- Mess. Mount and Page, 6 Books.
- Mr John Millan, _Bookseller_, 4 Books.
- Mr John Major.
- Mr Henry Major.
- Mr Charles Massey.
- Mr Peter Martin.
- Mr William Morland.
- Mr Lewis Morris.
- Mr Samuel More.
- Mr William Mathews.
- Mr Richard Maddocks.
- Mr John Merrifield.
- Mr Edward May.
- Mr Thomas Miers.
- Mr Samuel Milton.
- Mr Richard Maidman.
- Mr Milburn Marsh.
- Mr George Marsh.
-
-
- N.
-
- Honourable the Principal Officers and Commissioners of His
- Majesty's _Navy_, (as a Board.)
- Capt. Abraham North.
- John Nickleson, _Esq_;
- Mr Henry Nelson.
- Mr William Nobbs.
-
- O.
-
- Sir Chaloner Ogle, _Knight_, _Admiral of His Majesty's Fleet_.
- Capt. Lucius O Brien.
- James Oswald, _Esq_;
- Lieut. John Osborn.
- Mr Edward Owen.
- Mr John Ommanney, _sen._
- Mr John Ommanney, _jun._
-
-
- P.
-
- Capt. Cha. Wager Purvis.
- Capt. Edward Pratten.
- Capt. Charles Powlett.
- Capt. William Parry.
- Henry Partridge, _Esq_;
- Andrew Phillips, _Esq_;
- William Player, _Esq_;
- Mr James Page.
- Mr Thomas Skrine Pritchard.
- Mr Manesty Pell.
- Mr William Davis Philips.
- Mr Robert Parker.
- Mr John Parlby.
- Mr Robert Patterson.
- Mr John Purling.
- Mr John Price.
-
-
- R.
-
- Capt. Geo. Brydges Rodney.
- Nathaniel Rich, _Esq_;
- Edward Rushworth, _Esq_;
- Richard Riggs, _Esq_;
- William Rickman, _Esq_;
- Mr John Rickman.
- Mr Newland Rice.
- Mr Joseph Rossington.
- Mr John Rosewell.
- Mr Boswell Russell.
- Mr John Robinson, _of Portsmouth_.
- Mr John Read.
- Mr Jonas Rowley.
- Mr John Robinson, _of Chatham_.
-
-
- S.
-
- James Steuart, _Esq_; _Admiral of the White Squadron, of His
- Majesty's Fleet_.
- Capt. Edmund Strange.
- Capt. Charles Saunders.
- Capt. Thomas Sturton.
- Capt. Edward Spragge.
- Capt. Thomas Stanhope.
- Capt. Abel Smith.
- Capt. Molineux Shuldham.
- Capt. Ambrose Seccombe.
- Capt. Cornelius Smelt.
- Society of Navy Surgeons, 5 Books.
- Samuel Seddon, _Esq_;
- Samuel Shepherd, _Esq_; 2 Books.
- Richard Shubrick, _Esq_;
- Thomas Stanyford, _Esq_;
- Edmund Stephens, _Esq_;
- William Scobie, _Esq_;
- John Sargent, _Esq_;
- Henry Stevens, _Esq_;
- John Smith, _Esq_;
- Lieut. Alexander Skene.
- Lieut. Charles Stuteville.
- Lieut. Alexander Schomberg.
- Mr William Snelgrave.
- Mr George Stanyford.
- Mr John Stuart.
- Mr Thomas Slade.
- Mr Jeffery Sall.
- Mr William Shephard.
- Mr Ambrose Stapleton, 2 Books.
- Mr Henry Streek.
- Mr John Shepherd.
- Mr Tyrringham Stephens.
- Mr Henry Stuteville.
- Mr Thomas Stone.
- Mr Francis Smith.
- Mr James Samson.
- Mr Samuel Smith.
-
-
- T.
-
- Isaac Townsend, _Esq_; _Admiral of the Blue Squadron of His
- Majesty's Fleet_.
- Capt. Edmund Toll.
- Thomas Tickell, _Esq_;
- William Tash, _Esq_;
- Edward Timewell, _Esq_;
- Bryan Taylor, _Esq_;
- Lieut. Michael Taylor.
- Mr Thomas Tomlinson.
- Mr William Tattum.
- Mr George Tollett.
- Mr Charles Tollett.
- Mr Thomas Tyndall.
- Mr John Turner, _jun._
- Mr Richard Trotten, _jun._
- Mr Benjamin Tucker.
-
-
- V.
-
- Right Hon. Lord Vere, Baron of _Hanworth_.
- Philip Vanbrugh, _Esq_; _Commissioner of the Navy at Plymouth_.
- Commissioners for Victualling His Majesty's _Navy_, (as a Board.)
- Capt. John Vaughan.
- Mr Thomas Vaughan.
-
-
- W.
-
- Hon. Sir Peter Warren, _Knight of the Bath, and Vice Admiral of
- the Red Squadron of His Majesty's Fleet_.
- Capt. John Weller, _sen._
- Capt. Temple West.
- Capt. Rupert Waring.
- Capt. John Wickham.
- Capt. John Willyams.
- Capt. Thomas Ward.
- Capt. John Wynne.
- William Wood, _Esq_; _Secretary of the Customs_.
- Lieut. James Wilson.
- Mr John Ward.
- Mr John Walton.
- Mr William Wilcox.
- Mr Thomas Wyatt.
- Mr Robert Woollett.
- Mr John Wilkes.
- Mr Daniel Whitewood.
- Mr John Wright.
-
-
- Y.
-
- William Young, _Esq_; _Commissioner of the Six-penny Office_.
- Mr James Young.
-
-
-ERRATA.
-
- Page 3, Line 7, _instead of_ Is a Platform, _read_, Are Platforms.—p.
- 4. l. 1. _instead of_ Is, _read_, Are made of.—p. 8. l. 13, _instead
- of_ Is a long Bolt, _read_, Are long Bolts.—l. 14. _instead of_ goes
- round, _read_, go round.—p. 38. l. 15. _instead of_ Is the Flag,
- _read_, Are Flags.—p. 83. l. 1. _instead of_ Are made, _read_, Is
- made.—p. 135. l. 12. _instead of_ steeving, _read_, staving—p. 148.
- l. 9. _instead of_ stands, _read_, stand.—p. 181. l. 1. _instead of_
- pretuberant, _read_, protuberant.
-
-
-Names of each particular Part of a new Ship, as they are put together
-(in a progressive Manner) for Frameing and Finishing the Structure
-Building on the Stocks.
-
- Page
-
- Keel — — — 85
- Stem — — — 160
- Sternpost } Framed { 161
- Transoms } and raised{ 174
- Fashion Pieces} together { 54
- Dead Rising — — — 49
- Floor — — — 57
- Timbers — — — 171
- Keelson — — — 85
- Futtocks — — — 61
- Hawse Pieces — — — 72
- Top Timbers — — — 172
- Waals — — — 181
- Harpings — — — 71
- Plank — — — 120
- Clamps — — — 35
- Sleepers — — — 153
- Foot Waaling — — — 57
- Beams — — — 6
- Knees — — — 87
- Bitts — — —} 10
- Cross Pieces}
- Carlings — — — 29
- Ledges — — — 93
- Waterways — — — 183
- Spirketing — — — 156
- Upper Deck — — — 50
- String — — — 165
- Quarter Deck — — — 50
- Forecastle — — — 58
- Partners Mast — —} 116
- Capston —}
- Comeings — — — 40
- Breast Hooks — — — 22
- Fore Step — — — 160
- Riders — — — 132
- Pointers — — — 121
- Crotches — — — 47
- Steps Main — — —}
- Mizon }160
- Maain Capston }
- Decks Lower the } 50
- Flat or Plank }
- Orlop — — — 113
- Capstons — — — 28
- Pillars — — — 118
- Channels — — — 32
- Navel Hoods — — — 110
- Knee } of the Head{ 86
- Cheeks } { 33
- Lyon — — — 102
- Trailboard — — — 173
- Gallery — — — 62
- Taffarel — — — 168
- Quarter Pieces — — 127
- Brackets — — — 21
- Well — — — 185
- Pumps — — — 124
- Limber Boards — — 97
- Garboard Strake, or } 63
- Plank }
- Blkheads — — — 23
- Ports — — — 122
- Cathead — — — 30
- Chestrees — — — 34
- Hatchways — — — 72
- Scuttles — — — 143
- Grateings — — — 66
- Ladders — — — 88
- Manger — — — 103
- Pallating Magazine }
- and }114
- Bread-room }
- Gunwales — — — 68
- Rails — — — 128
- Gangways — — — 63
- Cleats — — — 35
- Kevels — — — 86
- Ranges — — — 129
- Knight Heads — — — 87
- Rother — — — 137
- Tiller — — — 170
- Scuppers — — — 143
- Standards — — — 158
- Rufftrees — — — 139
- Poop Lanterns — — — 89
- Cradle } For { 44
- or }Launching {
- Buildgeways } { 23
-
-
- N. B. _All the foregoing Particulars, upon any Emergency, may, by a
- sufficient Number of Men, be taken in Hand very nearly together._
-
-
-
-
- A
-
- _Naval Expositor_.
-
-
-
-
-A-Baft
-
-Are those Parts which are towards the Stern of a Ship.
-
-
-Amain
-
-A Sea Term, to strike a Main, is to lower at once.
-
-
-Anchors
-
- The Parts of an Anchor are, _First_, The Ring unto which the Cable is
- bent or fastened.
-
- _Secondly_, The Shank, which is the longest Part of the Anchor; and at
- the End where the Ring goes through, is called the Eye, and wrought
- Square with two Nutts on it, which are let into the Stock.
-
- _Thirdly_, The Arm is from the Crown to the Flook.
-
- _Fourthly_, The Flook, by some called the Palm, being that broad Part
- brought on upon the Arm, like an Arrow Head, the sharpest Part of
- which is called the Bill, and fastens into the Ground.
-
- The Anchors on board a Man of War are the Sheat, Spare, Best and Small
- Bower, which by the Establishment, are all of one Weight, the Stream
- one Fourth, the Kedge one Eighth, of the large ones; and the First and
- Second Rates are allowed a small warping one, one Half the Weight of
- the Kedge.
-
- When the Cable is Perpendicular between the Hawse and the Anchor, it
- is then said to be a Peek; when hangs right up and down by the Ship's
- Side, it is said to be a Cock Bill, upon the Ship's coming to an
- Anchor; when a Ship drives by the Violence of Wind or Tide, and the
- Anchor cannot hold her, then it's said to come Home. Those which have
- lost one of their Flooks, are made use of for Moarings.
-
-
-Anchor Stock
-
-A Piece of Wood fastened together with Iron Hoops and Treenails upon
-the Square near the Ring, serving to guide the Flook, so as it may fall
-right and fix in the Ground.
-
-
-Ditto Tackle
-
-Are for Loosing too the Stock, so as to be clear of the Bends.
-
-
-Anchoring
-
-Is Ground fitting to hold a Ship's Anchor, so as she may safely ride it
-out in a Storm; stiff Clay, and hard Sand, is esteemed the best to be
-chose for that Purpose.
-
-
-Anvils
-
-Are used by the Smiths for working all Sorts of Iron-work on.
-
-
-Aprons
-
-Is a Plat-form raised a little above the Bottom of a Dock at its
-Entrance, against which the Gates shut.
-
-
-Arm'd
-
-A Ship is said to be arm'd when fitted in all Respects for War.
-
-
-Avast
-
-Signifies to stop, hold, or stay.
-
-
-Auger Bitts
-
-Made of several Sizes, and when shut to a Shank, are for boreing Holes
-through the Plank and Timbers, that the Treenails may go through them,
-for fastening both together.
-
-
-Aunings
-
-Is old Canvas spread by Ropes over the Upper Deck, Quarter Deck, or
-Poop; and some Ships have them fitted with thin slit Deal, over the
-Steering Wheel on the Quarter Deck; and all are to keep off the Sun,
-Rain or Wind.
-
-
-Axes
-
-Are used for cutting up Junk, or cleaving Wood.
-
-
-Backstays
-
-Are sort of Shrouds, which go up to the Topmasthead, hath Lanyards
-reev'd through dead Eyes, and Backstay Plates at the Ship's Side, are
-called standing or shifting, and are for succouring the Topmasts.
-
-
-Bail or Bale
-
-Casting or throwing the Water out of a Boat, which when done she is
-freed.
-
-
-Ballast
-
-Is in great Ships generally Beach Stones, and in small Iron, laid in
-the Hold next the Keelson, in order to keep the Ship stiff, so that she
-may bear the more Sail.
-
-
-Barrels Press
-
-Are emptied Tar Barrels filled with Clay, to be put on the Drags and
-Sledges when closeing Cables in the Rope Yard.
-
-
-Barrecoes
-
-Small Casks of Twenty one Inches long, bound with four Iron Hoops, were
-formerly allowed to Ships bound on Foreign Voyages for fetching Water.
-
-
-Bars
-
- Capston
-
- Goes into the Drum-head, at which the Men heave when weighing an
- Anchor, or purchasing a great Weight.
-
-
- Port
-
- Each End goes through a Ring Bolt, and with Wedges, barrs in the Ports.
-
-
-Baskets
-
-Are made use of for carrying Officers Stores in, and several other Uses.
-
-
-Bason
-
-Is for Ships to lye in to be repaired, before or after taken out of the
-Dock.
-
-
-Baulks
-
-Small rough Firr Timber, used for Shoreing Ships when in the Dock, and
-other such like uses.
-
-
-Beak Head
-
-The foremost End of the Forecastle, fronting the Head, and limitting
-the Length of it, and is a becoming Part or Grace of a Ship.
-
-
-Beak Irons
-
-Are for turning square, round, and all Sorts of Hoops; and also used by
-Plumbers, as Anvils are by the Smiths.
-
-
-Beams
-
-Large Pieces of Timber cross the Ship, the Ends of which are lodged on
-the Clamps to support the Decks, and also keeps her out to her Breadth,
-and likewise to bear the Weight of her Ordnance.
-
-
-Beeswax
-
-Is used by the Sail-makers for waxing the Twine before they sew the
-Seams of Canvas for making Sails.
-
-
-Beetles Reeming
-
-Used by the Caulkers for driving in their Irons into a Ship's Bottom,
-in order for Caulking.
-
-
-Bear
-
-A Ship bears her Ordnance when she carries her Guns well, when having
-her Sails abroad in a Gale of Wind she don't heel. When sails towards
-the Shore, she is said to bear in with the Land. When a Ship that was
-to Windward comes under another's Stern, and gives her the Wind, she
-is said to bear under her Lee. If sails into an Harbour with the Wind
-large or before the Wind, she is then said to bear in with the Harbour.
-When a Ship keeps off from any Land, she is said to bear off from it.
-When they would express how any Cape or Place lieth from another, they
-say it bears off so, or so,—In Conding also, they say, bear up to the
-Helm, (_i. e._) let her go more large before the Wind, and bear up
-round, that is, let her go between her two Sheets, directly before the
-Wind.
-
-
-Bells
-
- Cabbin
-
- Allowed all Ships, for the Use of Admirals, and Commanders, to call
- their Servants.
-
-
- Watch
-
- For striking the Hour at each Box in the Yard at Night, and also are
- allowed all Ships for that Service both in the Day and Night.
-
-
-Belay
-
-Signifies the same as fasten.
-
-
-Bench Stakes
-
-Are used by the Smiths for cold Work on a Vice Bench.
-
-
-Bend
-
-In a Ship, there are several, as the Midship-bend, and others called
-frame Bends, which shews the Shape of her at the respective Places
-where they are placed. They say Bend the Cable, when it is seized and
-made fast to the Ring of the Anchor. To Unbend the Cable is to loosen
-it from the Ring of the Anchor, in order to be returned into Store, or
-cut up for inferior Uses.
-
-
-Bilbows
-
-Is a long Bolt on which are put generally six or seven Shackles,
-which goes round a Man's Leg when he has committed any Fault, and for
-securing him in Case his Offence is so great as to deserve further
-Punishment.
-
-
-Bildge
-
-The flatest Part of a Ship's Bottom, and when she strikes on a Rock,
-they say she is Bildged.
-
-
-Birth
-
-Is a due and proper Distance observed between Ships lying at an Anchor
-or under Sail; so also the raising or bringing up the Sides of a Ship
-is called Birthing up; also the proper Place aboard for a Mess to put
-their Chests, _&c._ is called the Birth of that Mess; also a convenient
-Place to Moar a Ship is called the Birth.
-
-
-Bittacle
-
-Is a Sort of Locker framed with Deal to hold the Compass, a Glass and
-Candle, and stands on the Quarter Deck just before the Steering Wheel,
-by which, he that Steers the Ship is enabled to keep her in her right
-Course.
-
-
-Bite
-
-Is any Turn or Part of a Rope that lies compassing; and therefore when
-they cannot take the End of a Rope in Hand, they say, Give me the Bite,
-or hold by the Bite.
-
-
-Bitter
-
-Any turn of a Cable about the Bitts, is called a Bitter, so as that the
-Cable may be let out by little and little. And when a Ship is stopped
-by a Cable, they say, She is brought up by a Bitter. Also that End of
-the Cable which is wound or belayed about the Bitts, is called the
-Bitter-end of the Cable.
-
-
-Bitts
-
-Are two perpendicular Pieces of Timber in the Fore-part of the Ship,
-bolted to the Gun-Deck and Orlop Beams, their lower Ends stepping in
-the Footwaaling, the Heads of which are braced with a Cross-piece, and
-when several turns of the Cable are taken over them, is for securing
-the Ship at an Anchor; there are generally two Pair of them; besides
-there are others upon the Upper Deck, which are fixed by the Main and
-Foremast, and called the Topsail Sheat and Jeer Bitts.
-
-
-Blacking
-
-Is in small Barrels, and used by the Boatswains for making the Yards
-Black.
-
-
-Blocks
-
- Are fitted with Shivers and Pins for Running Rigging to go through,
- and of the different Natures following.
-
- Blocks Double
-
- Has two Shives, and are used for Jeers, Topsail-Runners, Main
- Bowlines, Mizon Sheats, and Winding Tackle Falls.
-
-
- Double Ironbound
-
- The Toptackle Falls for all Ships are reeved through them, the upper
- ones hook into a Thimble at the End of the Toprope Pendant; and the
- lower ones has a Swivel in the Iron binding, and hooks either to an
- Eye or Ring-bolt upon Deck; and so are those for the Catt Falls for
- Ships from 70 Guns downwards, but with a large Hook, which takes the
- Shank of the Anchor.
-
-
- Longtackle
-
- Has one large and one small Shive, one above another, and are used for
- all single Tackles.
-
-
- Single
-
- Has only one Shive.
-
-
- Clewgarnet & Clewline
-
- Are made with a Shoulder, and Holes bored through the same, for the
- Strap to go through, in order for Lashing the former about the Yards.
-
-
- Racks
-
- Are lashed to each Side of the Gammoning in the Head, and has
- several Shives one above another, through which the Spritsail-lifts,
- Buntlines, Clewlines, and Sprit Topsail Sheats go.
-
-
- Sheat
-
- Spritsail
-
- Are turn'd, and has Holes for the Pendants (which serve as a Strap)
- to go through.
-
-
- Topsail
-
- Are made with Shoulders, and lashed to the Low Yard Arms, in order
- to hall Home the Topsail Sheats.
-
-
- Snatch
-
- Has a Hole bored at the Tapering-end, and a Notch cut in the upper
- Part, for a Bite of a Rope to be put in.
-
-
- Top
-
- Are bound with Iron, and a Hook turned from the same to hang in the
- Eye-bolt of the Cap; has a Brass Shive and an Iron Pin, through which
- Block, the Pendant of the Toprope goes for getting up the Topmasts.
-
-
- Voyal
-
- The Shive has a Brass Coak let into it, which works on an Iron Pin,
- by reason of the great Strain-hove by the Voyal (brought round the
- Capston) when purchasing the Anchor.
-
-
- Warping
-
- Made in the same manner as the Snatch are, but lighter, with a long
- Iron Pin, which serves the Man that warps off the Yarn from the
- Winches, for a Handle to hold by.
-
-
- Treble
-
- Has three Shives, are used for Fore and Main Jeers for Ships from 100
- to 80 Guns; for the Foretop Bowlines of all Rates; Mizon Jeers from
- 100 to 60 Guns, and Winding Tackle Falls from 100 to 40 Guns.
-
-
- D^o. Ironbound
-
- With a large Hook for the Catropes, and allowed to Ships from 100 to
- 80 Guns.
-
-
-Bluffheaded
-
-A Ship is said to be so, when she is built with small, or too upright
-Rake forward on.
-
-
-Board
-
- Elm
-
- Is used for several Services about the Yard, on board Ships, and
- repairing Boats, _&c._
-
-
- Firr
-
- For sheathing Ships Bottoms, flooring their Cabbins, and making
- Moulds, _&c._
-
-
-Board Wainscot
-
-For building Barges, Pinnaces and Wherries; and other Uses relating to
-the Joyners.
-
-
-Boats
-
- Barge
-
- Rows with twelve Oars; are allowed to the Flag Officers, as Pinnaces
- are to Captains.
-
-
- Launces
-
- Made use of by the Master's Attendant for transporting Ships,
- are built of a great Breadth, and low to the Water for the more
- conveniently coyling transporting Hawsers in.
-
-
- Longboat
-
- Is the largest Boat belonging to a Ship, and the strongest built,
- being used for carrying Water, or Officers Stores to and from the Ship.
-
-
- Pinnace
-
- All Ships are allowed one, for the Use of the Commanders.
-
-
- Wherry
-
- Are allowed to some of the Yard Officers.
-
-
- Yawl
-
- Are the inferior and smallest Boats allowed Ships.
-
-
-BoatTackle Pendants
-
-Are fastened with an Eye pretty near the Ends of the Fore and
-Main-Yards, with Longtackle Blocks, and through them pass the Falls
-which are used for hoisting in the Boat upon the Booms, or out of the
-Ship.
-
-
-Boatswain
-
-Is the Officer, who receives into his Charge all the standing and
-running Rigging, Cables, Cordage, Anchors, Sails, Boats, and other
-Stores by Indenture.
-
-
-Bollards
-
-Are large Posts set into the Ground, on each Side of a Dock, and to
-them (on docking or undocking Ships) are lashed large double or treble
-Blocks, through which are reeved the Transporting Hawsers to be brought
-to the Capstons.
-
-
-Bolsters
-
-The Smiths lay them on their Anvils, when they stretch or open Holes
-with Pins.
-
-
-Bolts
-
- Chain
-
- Goes through an Eye of the Chain-plate to be drove into the Ship's
- Side.
-
-
- Clench
-
- When drove, are to be clench'd at each End, to keep them from starting
- or flying out.
-
-
- Drawn
-
- Are of a superior Length, to be cut, upon occasion, of different
- Lengths, as wanted.
-
-
- Drive
-
- Are used to drive out other Bolts.
-
-
- Eye
-
- Are drove into Ships Decks or Sides, for Tackle Hooks to hook in, when
- a great Purchase is depending.
-
-
- Fender
-
- Made with thick Heads, to be drove into Waals, to save the Ship's
- Sides from Bruises.
-
-
- Forelock
-
- Has a small Eye at one End, in which the Forelock is driven, to
- prevent starting out.
-
-
- Hatch-barr
-
- Are small ones, for fastening the Bars down on the Hatches in Time of
- Fight.
-
-
- Ragg
-
- Are full of Jaggs or Barbs on each Side, to keep them from flying out
- of the Timber into which they are drove.
-
-
- Ring
-
- Serve for bringing to the Ports, when the Bars are put through their
- Rings, _&c._
-
-
- Sett
-
- Are for bringing Planks or other Works close to one another.
-
-
- Wrain
-
- Has a Ring at one End for a Staff to go through, and small Holes made
- toward the other End for Forelocks, and are used on Frames of Ships
- for bringing Planks, _&c._ to the Sides.
-
-
-Bolt Staves
-
-Square Bars of Iron, cut into different Lengths, just put into the
-Fire, and their Edges rounded off, preparative to their being forged
-into Bolts of any Diameter or Size, as may be wanted in Haste.
-
-
-Bonnets
-
-Are small Sails to be laced on upon the Main or Foresails, and Jibbs of
-Sloops, Yachts or Hoys, when fair, or to be taken off in foul Weather.
-
-
-Boom
-
-When a Ship makes all the Sail she can, they say she comes Booming;
-also those Poles with Bushes or Baskets on the Top, which are placed
-near Lakes, to direct how to steer into a Channel, are called Booms.
-
-
-Booms
-
- Fire
-
- Are made out of long Sparrs, and fitted with a Spud of Iron at the
- End, and ferril'd; their Use is to prevent Fire-ships boarding, or
- fending off any others that may fall on board them.
-
-
- Flying Jib
-
- Runs up the Bowsprit, from which the flying Jib sail is hoisted.
-
-
- Studdingsail
-
- Goes along the Yards, through Irons fixed on them, that when they sail
- before the Wind, the studding Sail being set, causes the Ship to go
- through the Sea with greater Swiftness.
-
-
-Boom Irons
-
-Are made with two Rings, the large one clips the Yard, and the Booms go
-through the small one.
-
-
-Boothose Tops
-
-Are laid on about three Strakes of Plank below the Waters Edge with
-Tallow, and are generally given Ships when ordered on a Cruize.
-
-
-Bowles
-
-Are allowed the Boatswain, for the Use of the Men to put their
-Provision in.
-
-
-Bowsprits
-
-Of the Growth of _New-England_ or _Riga_, are always wrought into
-sixteen Squares, before brought from thence, and are received into
-Store by their Diameter in Inches.
-
-When on board, they lie steeving on the Head of the Stern, having
-the lower End fastened to the Partners of the Fore-mast, and a
-Gammoning reeved several Times through the Knee of the Head, and
-farther supported by the Fore-stay. It carries the Sprit-sail-yard,
-(Sprit-top-mast in three Deck Ships) Jack Staff and flying Jib Boom.
-
-
-Bowline
-
-Is a Rope fastened in three or four Parts of the Leech of the Sail,
-which is called the Bowline Bridle, but the Mizon Bowline is fastened
-at the lower End of the Yard.—All Sails have it except the Spritsail
-and Sprit-top-sail, and therefore those Sails cannot be used close by
-a Wind; for the Use of the Bowline is to make the Sails stand sharp,
-close, or by a Wind.
-
-
-Bowline Knot
-
-Is a Knot that will not slip, by which the Bowline Bridle is fastened
-to the Cringles.
-
-
-Bowse
-
-Signifies as much as hawl or pull, thus, hawling upon the Tack is
-called bowsing upon the Tack, and when they would have the Men pull
-altogether, they say, Bouse away.
-
-
-Braces
-
-All the Yards in a Ship, except the Mizon, has two; there is a Pendant
-made with an Eye, which goes round the Yard Arms, at whose other End
-there is a Block, through which the Brace is reeved, and their use is
-to square, traverse, or right the Yard, that is, to bring it so, that
-it shall stand at Right Angles with the Length of the Ship. The Main
-Brace comes to the Poop, the Main-top-sail Brace to the Mizon Top, and
-thence to the Main Shrouds; the Fore and Fore-top-sail Braces come
-down by the Main and Main-top-mast Stays, and so all the rest: But the
-Mizon Bowline serves for a Brace to that Yard, and the Cross Jack
-Braces are brought forward to the Main Shrouds, and the Mizon-top-sail
-Braces go through Blocks at the Mizon Peek.
-
-
-Brackets
-
-Are Pieces fayd on the Outside of the Timbers in the Head, and between
-the Stern and Gallery Lights, and were formerly carved.
-
-
-Brails
-
-Small Ropes reeved through Blocks, which are seized on either Side of
-the Mizon Course, a little Distance off upon the Yards, so that they
-come down those Sails, and are fastened at the Skirt of them to the
-Cringles. Their use is for furling the Mizon, to hawl up its Bunt, that
-it may the more readily be taken up or let fall. These Brails belong to
-Yachts, and Hoys Main-sails.
-
-
-Brasses for Wheels
-
-Are let into the Heads of Laying or Spinning Wheels at the Rope Yard,
-for the Whirls to work on.
-
-
-Breast Hooks
-
-Are crooked Pieces of Timber lying transverse to the Stem, which being
-bolted on both Sides, and also through the Stem, they thereby brace
-both Bows together.
-
-
-Breeming
-
-Is burning off the Weeds, Filth, _&c._ (which a Ship contracts under
-Water,) with Furze, Faggots or Reed, before her Bottom is caulked and
-graved, and this is done when in the Dock, on the Carreen, or on the
-Ground ashore.
-
-
-Brimstone
-
-Being mixed with Oyl, is used by the Master Caulker for paying Ships
-Bottoms.
-
-
-Brooms
-
-For cleaning the Ships, Store-houses, or Yards, _&c._
-
-
-Brushes
-
- Blacking
-
- Used by the Boatswain for blacking the Ship's Yards, _&c._
-
-
- Large
-
- For cleaning Admirals, Captains and Lieutenants Cabbins on board a
- Ship.
-
-
-Brushes Tarr
-
-For paying Rigging, Masts, or Blocks, _&c._
-
-
-Buckets
-
-Used for drawing Water to clean the Decks, _&c._
-
-
-Bucklers
-
-Are to prevent the Water washing in at the Hawse-holes.
-
-
-Buildgeways
-
-A Frame of Timber fayd to the Outside of a Ship under her Buildge, for
-the more securely and commodiously launching her.
-
-
-Bulk of a Ship
-
-Is her whole Content in the Hold for Stowage.
-
-
-Bulkhead
-
-Is a Partition that goes athwart the Ship, as at the great Cabbin,
-Steerage and Forecastle, _&c._
-
-
-Bunt
-
-Is the middle Part of the Sail, when formed into a Kind of Bag or
-Cavity, that the Sail may receive the more Wind, and is chiefly used in
-Top-sails.
-
-
-Buntlines
-
-Are small Ropes, made fast to the Bottom of the Sails, in the middle
-Part of the Boltrope to a Cringle, and so are reeved through a small
-Block, seized to the Yard; their Use is to trice up the Bunt of the
-Sail, for the better furling of it up.
-
-
-Buoys
-
- Cann
-
- Are hooped with Iron, and made very strong, in Shape of a Cann; their
- Use is to lie on Shoals or Sands for Marks.
-
-
- Nunn
-
- Are made tapering at each End, and filled with Rhine Hoops and some
- Iron, which being strapped with Ropes, are fastened to the Buoy-rope,
- so as to float directly over the Anchor.
-
-
- Wood
-
- Are made out of old Masts, _&c._ and hath a large Hole made at one
- End, through which the Buoy-rope is reeved, and serves for the
- aforesaid Uses: From hence the Word Buoyant, signifies any Thing that
- is floatable.
-
-
-Burden or Burthen
-
-Of a Ship, is her Content, or the Number of Tuns she will carry, to
-compute which, (according to the Rule of Shipwrights Hall) is to
-multiply the Length of the Keel, by her Breadth and half Breadth, and
-divide by 94, gives the Number of Tuns.
-
-
-Burton
-
-Is a small Tackle, to be fastened any where at Pleasure, fitted with
-two single Blocks, and its Use is to hoist small Things.
-
-
-Ditto Pendants
-
-Short Ropes, which at one End is fastened either to the Head of the
-Mast, End of the Yards, on the Main Stay, or Back of the Rudder; and
-at the other End hath a Thimble spliced in, or a Block to reeve a Fall
-through.
-
-
-Butt
-
-Is the End of any Plank which joins to another on the Outside of a Ship
-under Water; and therefore when a Plank is loose at one End, they call
-it springing a Butt, to prevent which, they are usually bolted at the
-Ends.
-
-
-Buttock
-
-That Part of the Ship's Stern under the Wing Transom, whether round or
-square.
-
-
-Bow
-
-Is the Round of a Ship's Side forward, reckoned from the After-bitts
-(on the Gundeck) to the Stem; if she hath a broad Bow, they call it a
-Bold-bow; if a narrow thin Bow, its called a Lean-bow.
-
-
-Cables
-
-Allowed a Ship for Channel Service, are distributed in this Manner,
-two being spliced together are called the Sheat-shot; three, the
-Best-bower; one the Small-bower, and one Spare; but if they go a
-Foreign Voyage, then they are allowed another, which is either bent
-to the Spare or Small-bower, and are all of one Size; and all Ships
-are likewise allowed a Stream, which being bent to their respective
-Anchors, holds the Ship fast when she rides. To serve round, or Plat
-the Cable, is bind about it old Rope, Canvas, _&c._ to keep it from
-gawling in the Hawse, _&c._ Splice the Cable, is to make two fast
-together, by working the several Strands one into the other. Coyl the
-Cable, is to roll it up round in a Ring, of which the several Rolls one
-upon another are called the Cable Tire. Pay or Veer more Cable, is let
-more out from the Ship. When two or three Cables are spliced together,
-it is called a Shot.
-
-
-Callipers
-
-Are for taking the Diameter of Timber, Masts, Yards, and Bowsprits,
-before received into Store.
-
-
-Caulking
-
-Is driving in Ocham, spun Hair, or Hemp, into the Seams of the Planks,
-to prevent the Ship's Leaking.
-
-
-Cambring
-
-A Deck lies Cambring, when it lies not level, but higher in the Middle
-than at either End: Also if the Keel is bent in the Middle upwards,
-they say, She is Camberkeeled.
-
-
-Candles
-
-Are used in the several Offices, by the Artificers to work at Night, in
-Ships Holds, for taking out their Ballast, and are allowed Quarterly to
-the Officers of the Ships in Ordinary.
-
-
-Canvas
-
-Used for making Sails, Awnings, Tarpawlings, _&c._
-
-
-Canvas Hoses
-
-Are for starting Water into or out of Casks.
-
-
-Cap
-
-Is a square Piece of Timber put over the Head, or upper End of the
-Mast, having a round Hole to receive the Mast; by them the Top-masts
-and Top-gallant-masts are kept steady and firm in the Tressle-trees,
-where their Feet stand, as those of the lower Masts do in their Steps.
-
-
-Capstons
-
-Are of two Kinds in a Ship, the Jeer and the Main. The Jeer Capston
-is placed between the Main and Fore-mast, and its Use is chiefly to
-heave upon the Jeer, or to heave upon the Voyal, when the Anchor is
-weighing. The Main is placed Abaft the Main-mast, its Foot, or lower
-End standing in a Step on the lower Deck, and its Head is between the
-two upper Decks. Its several Parts are thus called, the main Substance
-or Post is the Barrel or Spindle; the Brackets set upon the Body are
-called Whelps; the thick Piece of Elm at the End of the Barrel, in
-which the Barrs go, is called the Drum-head. The Pawl is a Piece of
-Iron bolted at one End to the Beams, or upon Deck, close to the Body of
-the Capston, to stop it from turning back, and this they call Pawl the
-Capston; the Use of them are to weigh the Anchors, hoist up or strike
-down Top-masts, heave any weighty Thing, or to strain any Rope that
-requireth a main Force. The Terms are, Come up Capston, (_i. e._) slack
-the Voyal which you heave by, in which Sense also they say, Launch or
-Pawl, that is, stop it from going back.
-
-
-Capston Pins & Chains
-
-Goes into the Drum-head of the Capston, and through the Barrs to
-prevent them flying out of the Holes.
-
-
-Carreen
-
-A Ship is said to be brought on a Carreen, when the most Part of her
-Lading, _&c._ being taken out, she is laid along-side of the Hulk,
-which being lower than her, is hawled down as low as Occasion requires,
-in order to trim her Bottom, to caulk her Seams, or to mend any Thing
-that is at fault under Water.
-
-
-Carlings
-
-Are square Pieces of Timber ranging from Beam to Beam Fore and Aft the
-Ship, which being supported by Scores in their respective Beams, they
-thereby contribute to strengthen the Deck.
-
-
-Carpenter
-
-Is the Officer charged with the Masts, Yards and Stores proper to his
-Province.
-
-
-Carvel Work
-
-In Boats, the Boards are fayd to lye fair to one another, so as that
-the Seams of Longboats and Pinnaces may be caulked without Difficulty.
-
-
-Catharpings
-
-Are small Ropes running in little Blocks from one Side of the Shrouds
-to the other, near the Deck; their Use is to force the Shrouds taught,
-for the Ease and Safety of the Masts when the Ship rowls; they are also
-used at the upper Part of the Shrouds, but there, worn Rope, from three
-and an half, to two and an half Inches is used, and do not run through
-Blocks, but has several turns taken in them, and are made fast.
-
-
-Cathead
-
-Pieces of Timber projecting over the Ship's Bow from the Fore-Castle
-at the After-end of the upper Rail of the Head, so far as to clear the
-Flook of the Anchor from the Ship's Side, in order to lodge it on the
-fore Channel, that it may the more freely be let go again to Anchor the
-Ship in any Road or Harbour. At one End of which Shivers are let in, in
-which is reeved a Fall which passes through a large Iron bound treble
-or double Block; and at the End of a Pendant a large Hook is fixed,
-and called the Fish Hook, and is to trice up the Anchor from the Hawse
-to the Top of the Fore-Castle.
-
-
-Chafe
-
-A Rope Chafes when it galls or frets by rubbing against any Thing that
-is rough or hard.
-
-
-Chains
-
- Buoy
-
- Are used for rideing the Cann Buoys on the Shoals or Sandheads.
-
-
- Pendant
-
- Are large, one End of them being made fast to a Claw ashore, and the
- other to the Moaring Cable; the Ships in Harbour Ride by them.
-
-
- Shankpainter
-
- Goes round the Shank of the Anchor to support it, when hove up at the
- Bow.
-
-
- Top
-
- Are for slinging the Yards in Time of Fight.
-
-
-Channels
-
-Are Fore, Main and Mizon, which is Plank placed an Edge, against the
-upper Edge of the Waal, and of a convenient Length for such a Number of
-dead Eyes the Ship requires, and so broad as to keep the Shrouds from
-touching the upper Rails.
-
-
-Channel Waals
-
-Are wrought thicker than the Plank, and goes Fore and Aft; are placed
-in the Midship against the upper Deck, and shews the Sheer of the Ship;
-besides, is a great Strengthening to her Sides, as well as Benefit of
-shoreing her in a Dock.
-
-
-Chambers for Pumps
-
-Are Cast in Brass, which were used formerly, and put into the lower
-Part of the Pump, to prevent the Chain, when working, from galling the
-Pump.
-
-
-Carts
-
- Dung
-
- Runs on two Wheels, is made close for carrying Earth, Ballast, _&c._
-
-
- Rave
-
- Runs on two Wheels, and is made open, not unlike a Waggon.
-
-
- Scandaroon
-
- Runs on two solid Truck Wheels, and is for carrying Timber.
-
-
- Timber
-
- Runs on four solid Truck Wheels, fitted with Iron Axle Trees and Brass
- Coaks; and on them the Timber is put out of the Hoys, to be carried to
- its respective Births about the Yard.
-
-
-Charcoal
-
-Used by the Plumber for melting Sodder, and by the Sail-maker for
-stoving Boltropes.
-
-
-Chase
-
-Signifies Pursuit.
-
-
-Cheeks of the Head
-
-Are small Knees fayd on each Side of the Knee of the Head, bracing it
-securely to both Bows.
-
-
-Ditto for Masts
-
-Are two pieces of Oak fayd to the Head of the Mast on each Side, to
-make good the Want of Firr, and also makes them stronger than if they
-were made out of the same Tree.
-
-Chestrees
-
-Are Pieces of Timber fayd perpendicularly up and down the Ship's Sides,
-not quite so far forward as the Fore-castle; their Use is for the Main
-Tack to be hawl'd through.
-
-
-Chests
-
- To hold
-
- Arms
-
- Small Arms.
-
-
- Colour
-
- The Boatswain's Colours, _&c._
-
-
- Compass
-
- The Compasses.
-
-
- Nail
-
- The Carpenter's Nails.
-
-
- Powder
-
- The Gunner's Powder.
-
-
-Chimneys
-
-Are made of Copper, and placed on the Fore-castle for carrying Smoak
-clear out of the Cook-Room.
-
-
-Chyrurgeon
-
-Is to take Care of the sick, maimed or wounded Seamen on board.
-
-
-Clamps
-
-Strakes of Plank in great Ships, on the Gundeck, eight or nine Inches
-thick, fayd to the Sides, to support the Ends of the Beams.
-
-
-Ditto Hanging
-
-May be fixed to any Place about the Ship's Sides for fastening Ropes
-to, to hold Stages for the Men to work on, _&c._
-
-
-Claws
-
-For Moarings are framed of Wood, piled and Land tyed with a Piece of
-thick Timber a-cross next the Water's Edge, in which is an Iron Shackle
-let in, for the Pendant Chain to be fixed to.
-
-
-Clay
-
-Made use of by the Scavel Men and Labourers, for filling up Dams to
-keep out Water, from running into the Docks, _&c._
-
-
-Cleats
-
-Are to belay small Rigging to; likewise all Yards have a Pair in
-the Slings to stop; the Parrell and Jeer Blocks, and a Pair at each
-Yard-Arm to stop the Straps of the Topsail Sheat Blocks from sliding
-any further on.
-
-
-Clencher Work
-
-The Boards are laid landing one upon the Edge of the other, not unlike
-Weather boarding, and worked so, on Deal Yawls.
-
-
-Clew
-
-Of the Sail, is the lower Corner which reaches down to the Earing,
-where the Tacks and Sheats are fastened, so that when a Sail is cut,
-goreing, or slopeing by Degrees, it is said to spread a great Clew.
-
-
-Clew garnet
-
-Is a Rope fastened to the Clew of the Sail, and from thence runs in a
-Block, seized to the Middle of the Fore or Main Yard; its Use is to
-hawl up the Clew of the Sail, close to the Middle of the Yard, in order
-to its being furl'd.
-
-
-Clewline
-
-Is the same to the Top-sails, Top-gallant-sails and Sprit-sails, as the
-Clew-garnet is to the Fore and Main Courses, and is of the very same
-Use in a Gust of Wind; when a Topsail is to be taken in, they first
-hawl home the Lee Clewline, and then the Sail is taken in the easier.
-
-
-Clinch
-
-Is that Part of a Cable which is bent to the Ring of the Anchor, seized
-or made fast.
-
-
-Coach
-
-Is before the Bulk-head of the Round-house or Captain's Cabbin on the
-Quarter Deck, when a Flag Ship, and made use of for dining in, as the
-Steerage is.
-
-
-Coaks
-
-Are made of Brass, and let into the Shives of Voyal Blocks through
-which the Iron Pin goes; and also into the Wheels of Timber Carts
-wherein the Iron Axle-trees work.
-
-
-Coats
-
-Are Pieces of tarr'd Canvas which are put about the Masts at the
-Partners, and are also used at the Rotherhead, and there called a
-Helm-coat.
-
-
-Cocks
-
- Furnace
-
- Are soddered on to the Furnaces to let their liquor out, _&c._
-
-
- Stop
-
- Are used at the Cistern the Men Pump the Water into, with which they
- can stop any Branch or Pipe that goes to the Officers Lodgings, or the
- Jetty Heads for watering Ships.
-
-
- Water
-
- Are used at the Officers Lodgings, _&c._
-
-
- Bosses
-
- Are square Pieces of Brass into which the Cocks are sodder'd.
-
-
-Cockpit
-
-Is a Plat-form on the Orlop Abaft, where the Steward Room, Purser and
-Chirurgeon's Cabbins are built.
-
-
-Cold Chissels
-
-Are for cutting off any Bolt.
-
-
-Collar
-
-Of the Forestay is seized round the Bowsprit, the Main fastened about
-the Beak-head, and the Mizon about the Main-mast, having dead Eyes
-fixed in them, through which the Lanyards go, as well as those at the
-End of the Stays.
-
-
-Collers
-
-Are used by the Smiths to work Anchors in.
-
-
-Colours, Ensigns
-
-Is the Flag hoisted at the Stern of a Ship, in the Canton of which the
-Union is placed.
-
-
-Colours
-
- Flags
-
- Are Colours which the Admirals of the Fleet are allowed. The Admiral
- carries his at the Main-top-mast-head; the Vice-Admiral at the Fore,
- and the Rear-Admiral his at the Mizon-top-mast-head; beside there is
- allowed to each Flag a Proportion of Signal Colours.
-
-
- Lord High Admiral
-
- Is a red Flag, which has the Anchor and Cable in yellow Bewper, placed
- in the Center of it.
-
-
- Pendants
-
- Are of different Lengths, cut pointing towards the End, and there
- divided into two Parts, and are hoisted on a Spindle at the
- Top-mast-head; and those for Yard Arms are called Distinction
- Pendants, and used for Signals.
-
-
- Jacks
-
- Are hoisted on a Staff at the Bowsprit End, and made in the same
- Manner (those for Men of War) as the Union Flags are; and those for
- Naval Vessels have the Arms of the Office the Vessel belongs to,
- placed in them.
-
-
- Standard
-
- Hoisted at the Main-top-mast-head when His Majesty is on board; when
- the Admiral of the Fleet hoisteth it at the Mizon-top-mast-head it is
- for all Flag Officers. When in the Mizon Shrouds the _English_ Flags
- only; and when put abroad at the Mizon-top-mast-head and a Pendant at
- the Mizon Peek, then the Flags and Land General Officers; when on the
- Ensign Staff, the Vice or Rear Admirals of the Fleet, or those that
- Command in the second or third Posts, are to come aboard.
-
-
- Vanes
-
- Are allowed Boatswains to put at the other Mastheads, where the
- Pendant don't fly.
-
-
-Comeings
-
-Are Comeing Carlings, that go Fore and Aft on the middle and upper
-Deck, as far as where the Grateings are; the Midship Edge has a Rabbit
-for the Grateings to lodge in, and the Edge is as much above the Deck,
-as the Deck is thick, to stop the Water. The Hatchways on the Gun Deck
-has Comeings round them, but Comeing Carlings is only Plank sayd flat
-on the Deck, so thick as to turn the Water.
-
-
-Commanders
-
-Are used by the Riggers or Seamen, with which they drive in the Fidds
-for Spliceing Cables, _&c._
-
-
-Compasses
-
- Azimuth
-
- Is an Instrument made in a large Brass Box, with Imbers and a broad
- Limb, having Ninety Degrees diagonally divided, with an Index and
- Thread to take the Sun's Amplitude or Azimuth, in order to find the
- Difference between the Magnetical Meridian and the Sun's Meridian,
- which shews the Variation of the Compass.
-
-
- Brass Box
-
- They stand in the Bittacle, that the Men at the Steering Wheel may see
- to keep the Ship in her right Course.
-
-
- Hanging
-
- Flag Officers are generally furnished with them to hang up in their
- great Cabbins.
-
-
-Cond
-
-Is to Guide or Conduct a Ship in her right Course; he that Conds gives
-the Word of Direction to the Men at the Steering Wheel how to Steer.
-
-
-Cook
-
-Is a Warrant Officer that dresses the Ship's Companys Victuals.
-
-
-Cookroom
-
-Is variously seated, generally in the Fore-Castle, but in some great
-Ships it is on the Middle Deck, and in lesser on a Plat-form under the
-Deck.
-
-
-Cordage
-
-Is in general all the Ropes belonging to the Standing or Running
-Rigging of a Ship, and is also distinguished by,
-
-
- Cablelaid
-
- Is made with nine Strands, (_i. e._) the first three Strands are laid
- slack, and then three of them being closed together makes a Cable or
- Cablet; the same for Tacks, but they are laid tapering.
-
-
- Hawserlaid
-
- Is made only with three Strands.
-
-
- Stays
-
- Are Cablelaid, but made with four Strands as Cables are with three,
- with an Addition of an Heart which goes through the Center of them.
-
-
-Counter
-
-Is the arching Part of the Stern above the Wing Transom, and the lower
-is from the Wing Transom to the Upper Deck, and the other is from the
-Upper Deck to the lower Edge of the Ward-room or Great Cabbin, the
-Projecture of which, is lower almost the Quadrant of a Circle.
-
-
-Course
-
-The Point of the Compass on which a Ship Steers.
-
-
-Courses
-
-In a Ship are her low Sails, and when she Sails under them only, they
-say she goes under her Courses.
-
-
-Coxswain
-
-Is the Person who sits in the Box at the Boat's Stern, Steers her, hath
-the Direction and Command of the Boat's Crew.
-
-
-Coyle
-
-When Cables or Ropes are placed in a round or oval Ring, one fake (or
-turn) upon one another, so that they may the more easily be stowed out
-of the Way, and also run out free and smooth without Kinks as they call
-them, _i. e._ without twisting or doubling, then they are said to be
-coyled up.
-
-
-Crabb
-
-An Engine of Wood with three Claws placed on the Ground like a Capston,
-and is used at launching or heaving Ships into the Dock.
-
-
-Cradle
-
-A Frame of Timber fayd to the Outside of a Ship under her Buildge, for
-the more securely and commodiously Launching her.
-
-
-Craft
-
-Are small Vessels, such as Ketches, Hoys, Smacks, _&c._ they call all
-such small Craft.
-
-
-Cramps
-
-Short Pieces of Iron, whose Ends being turned down, are let into
-Stones, and melted Lead being run into the Holes, binds two Stones fast
-together.
-
-
-Cranes
-
-Are placed on the Wharfs for hoisting up Anchors, Timber, and other
-bulky Weights.
-
-
-Cranes Chimney
-
-For hanging a Kettle or Pot on in the Cook Room.
-
-
-Cranes Gangway
-
-Are hung in the Wast of the Ship, and when Deals are laid on them, make
-a Gangway from the Quarter Deck to the Fore-Castle.
-
-
-Crank
-
-A Term for a Ship that cannot bear her Sails for fear of overseting, or
-cannot be brought on Ground without Danger of injureing her Body.
-
-
-Cranks
-
- Bell
-
- Made fast to the Stock, for ringing it.
-
-
- Lantern
-
- Supports the Lanterns, either at the Ship's Stern, or at the Round Top.
-
-
-Creeper
-
-Made like a Grapnel, but without Flooks, the Use of which is to recover
-sunken Stores that may be lost over-board.
-
-
-Cringles
-
-Are small Pieces of Rope spliced into the Body Rope of Courses and
-Topsails, and are,
-
- _First_, The Bowline Cringle, to which the Bowline Bridle is fastened.
-
- _Second_, Leech Cringle, where the Leechlines and Clewgarnets are made
- fast.
-
- _Third_, Reef Cringle, to which is fastened the Reef-tackle Tye.
-
-There are also Cringles made of Iron, which are Rings to go round the
-Stays of Hoys or Yachts, and are seized to their Fore-sails and Jibbs
-for the more easy hoisting them.
-
-
-Crossjack
-
-Is a Yard flung at the upper End of the Mizon Mast under the Top; it
-hath no Halyards belonging to it; its Use is to spread and hawl Home
-the Mizon-top-sail Sheats.
-
-
-Crosspiece.
-
-Is a great Piece of Timber which goes a-cross the Bitts of a Ship, and
-about which several Turns of the Cable are taken when she Rides at
-Anchor.
-
-
-Crosstrees.
-
-Are Pieces that go a-cross the Tressle-trees at each of the standing
-Mast-heads; there are two and three to a Top-mast.
-
-
-Crotches
-
-Are very crooked Pieces of Timber in the Hold or Bread-room, from the
-Mizon Step Aft, fayd cross the Keelson to strengthen the Ship in the
-Wake of the half Timbers.
-
-
-Crotches Iron
-
-Are used on board Sloops or Long Boats, which go with Shoulder of
-Mutton Sails, for their Boom to lodge upon.
-
-
-Crows
-
-Are made with a Claw at one End, and a sharp Point at the other, and
-used for heaving or purchasing great Weights.
-
-
-Crowfoot
-
-Are small Ropes put through the Holes of dead Eyes, and divided into
-several Parts, and spreads from the Rim of the Tops, pointways to a
-Tackle on the Stays, for preventing the Topsails getting foul of them.
-
-
-Cuddy
-
-Is a Place upon the Quarter Deck Afore the Captain's Cabbin. When an
-Admiral is on board, it is divided into Partitions for the Secretary's
-Office.
-
-
-Culm
-
-Is used for burning _Plymouth_ Marble Stone, or Chalk, to make Lime.
-
-
-Davit
-
-A Piece of Timber in a Ship having a Notch at one End, in which, by a
-Strap, hangs a Block called the Fish Pendant Block, the Use of which
-is, to hawl up the Flook of the Anchor, in order to fasten it to the
-Ship's Bow; this Davit is shiftable from one Side to the other as
-occasion serves.
-
-
-Dead Eyes
-
-Are a Kind of Blocks having three Holes in them, and through them the
-Lanyards go, which make fast the Shrouds below to the Chains; the Fore,
-Main and Mizon Stays of a Ship are set taught by dead Eyes, but they
-have only one Hole through which the Lanyards have several Turns passed
-through them.
-
-
- Crowfoot
-
- Has a great many Holes bored through them, wherein is reeved the
- Crowfoot for the Top.
-
-
- Ironbound
-
- Serves (in Case a Chain Plate gives way) with being hooked to a Shroud
- Ess as a Chain Plate.
-
-
-Dead
-
- Reckoning
-
- Is that Estimation, Judgment or Conjecture which is made where a Ship
- is, by keeping an Account of her Way by the Logg, in knowing the
- Course they have steered by the Compass, and by rectifying all the
- Allowance for Drift, Leeway, _&c._ according to the Ship's Trim, so
- that this reckoning is without any Observation of the Sun, Moon and
- Stars, and is to be rectified as often as any good Observation can be
- had.
-
-
- Riseing
-
- Are Pieces of Timber put on the Keel one upon another Afore and Abaft;
- there is more or less according as the Ship is either full or lean; if
- the latter, the dead Wood is so put that the Floor Timbers would be
- within a Square.
-
-
- Water
-
- Is the Water just behind the Stern of a Ship, and if a great Eddy
- follows her, they say, she makes much Dead-water; this is called so,
- because it doth not pass away so swiftly as the Water running by her
- Side.
-
-
-Deals Ordinary
-
-Are used by the House Carpenters and Joyners for Flooring, making
-Bulk-heads, _&c._
-
-
-Deals Prusia
-
-For Ships upper Works, or laying their Decks.
-
-
-Deck
-
-Is a planked Floor, on which the Guns lye, and Men walk. In great Ships
-there are three Decks, Upper, Middle and Gun, besides a Quarter Deck,
-which reaches from the Bulk-head of the Round-house, to very near the
-Main-mast.
-
-
-Diall
-
-A Square Piece of Wood, framed and made not unlike the Dial Plate of
-a Clock, whereon the Hours are painted, fixed to the Mizon-Mast, and
-after the Ship's Bell being struck, they put the Hand of it to the Hour.
-
-
-Dipping Needle
-
-A Magnetical Needle, so hung, that instead of playing horizontally, and
-pointing out _N_° and _S_°, one End dips and inclines to the Horizon,
-the other Points to a certain Degree of Elevation.
-
-
-Division
-
-Or Squadron, being Part of a Fleet, commanded by a Flag Officer or
-Commodore.
-
-
-Dock
-
-Is made by the Side of the Harbour for taking in Ships, and Men to work
-in, in order to build or repair them.
-
-A Dry-Dock, the Water is kept out by Gates, 'till a Ship is built or
-repaired, but after that, can easily be let in to Float and Launch her.
-
-A Wet-Dock is a Place where a Ship lies a Float at all Times of Tide to
-be repaired in.
-
-
-Dogger
-
-A small Vessel built after the _Dutch_ fashion, with a narrow Stern,
-and commonly but one Mast.
-
-
-Doggs
-
- Fire
-
- To burn Wood on.
-
-
- Timber
-
- Are drove into Timber for Horses to draw it about the Yard, or to the
- Saw-pits.
-
-
-Drabler
-
-Made of Canvas, to be added to a Bonnet when there is need of more Sail.
-
-
-Drags
-
-Are for clearing the Aprons of the Docks of the Filth, that the Gates
-may the better, and without Difficulty, open and shut.
-
-
-Drift Sail
-
-Used under Water, veered Right out a-head, upon the Sea in a Storm,
-being to keep the Ship's Head Right upon the Sea.
-
-
-Drive
-
-A Ship is said to drive, when her Anchors will not hold her fast; to
-prevent which, they Veer out more Cable, (for the more she has out, the
-surer and safer she Rides) or else they let go more Anchors.
-
-
-Earing
-
-Is that Part of the Boltrope which at the four Corners of the Sail is
-left open in the Form of a Ring; the two uppermost of which are put
-over the Yard-Arms to fasten the Sail to the Yard: And into those at
-the Foot, the Tacks and Sheats are seized or bent to the Clews.
-
-
-Ease the Ship
-
-Done by slackening the Shrouds when they are too stiff set up.
-
-
-Eddy
-
-When the Water turns back contrary to the Tide.
-
-
-End for End
-
-When a Rope is all run out of the Block, _&c._
-
-
-Engines Water
-
-Are for extinguishing any Fire that may happen on board a Ship, when
-Breaming, Cleaning, or Graving, on which occasion a Number stand ready
-filled with Water on each Side of the Dock, and Mann'd, to prevent any
-fatal Accident of Fire.
-
-
-Esses
-
- Kettle
-
- For a Kettle or Pot to hang on in the Cook-Room.
-
-
- Shroud
-
- To hook into an Iron-bound dead Eye, to serve as a Chain-plate in Case
- of Need.
-
-
-Eye
-
-The Compass or Ring left in the Strap of any Block, which is called the
-Eye of the Strap.
-
-
-Fagg
-
-The End of those Strands which do not go through the Tops, when a Cable
-or Rope is closed, are called Faggs.
-
-
-Fake
-
-Is one Round or Circle of a Cable or Hawser coyled up out of the Way.
-
-
-Fall
-
-That Part of the Rope of a Tackle which is hauled upon, is called a
-Fall. Also when a Ship is under Sail, and keeps not so near the Wind as
-she should do, they say, She Falls off: Or when a Ship is not flush,
-but hath riseings of some Parts of her Decks more than others, it is
-called Falls.
-
-
-Fashion Pieces
-
-Are two Compassing Pieces of Timber, into them are fixed on each Side,
-the Transom.
-
-
-Fathom
-
-A Line of small Rope cut six Feet long, and used for measuring the
-Length of Cables and Cordage.
-
-
-Fend
-
-For defending or saving a Boat from being staved against the Rocks,
-Shore, or Ships Sides.
-
-
-Fenders
-
-Signifies any Pieces of Junk or old Cable, hung over the Ship's
-Sides, to keep others from rubbing against her. Boats have also the
-same.—Those made of Iron are for the Hearth in the Cook-Room.
-
-
-Fidds
-
- Spliceing
-
- Are used to splice or fasten Ropes together, and are made tapering at
- one End; and so are those made of Wood, which are used for spliceing
- Cables. So there is also one goes through the Heel of the Top-mast,
- which bears upon the Chess-trees, and are called
-
-
- Topmast
-
- Top-mast Fidds.
-
-
-Files
-
-Are for wheting Saws, and used by the Smiths in their Works.
-
-
-Fire
-
- Fork
- Shovell
- Tongs
-
- For the Use of the Cook-Room.
-
-
-Fishes
-
-Are Pieces of Timber put upon the Masts and Yards if sprung, or for
-strengthening them, least they should fail in Stress of Weather.
-
-
-Fishing Geer
-
-A Sett which consists of Nets, Lines, Hooks, _&c._ is allowed to each
-Ship which goes to the _East_ and _West Indies_, _Virginia_, _Guinea_,
-_New England_, _New York_, _St. Helena_, and the _Cape_, and _South
-Carolina_.
-
-
-Fish Pendant
-
-Hangs at the End of the Davit, by the Strap of the Block, to which the
-Fish Hook is spliced, by which means the Flook of the Anchor is hawled
-up to the Ship's Bow or Chanwaal.
-
-
-Flareing
-
-When a Ship is a little housing in, near the Water, and the upper Work
-hangs over, or is broader aloft.
-
-
-Flatts
-
-Is a Midship, and as many Timbers Afore and Abaft, that has no more
-riseing than the Midship Flatt, are all called Flatts.
-
-
-Flitting
-
-Altering or removing a dead Eye in the Low or Top-mast Shrouds and
-Backstays, either to lengthen or shorten them, is called Flitting.
-
-
-Float
-
-Is an Instrument used by the Smiths to make their Work smooth, instead
-of a File.
-
-
-Floor
-
-Are those Timbers lying transverse to the Keel, being bolted through
-it; they are the first laid in the Order of building, and where the
-Floor sweep begins, there the Streight one Ends; and when there is
-a great many Flatts, that has little or no rising, than we say, She
-carries her Floor a great Way Fore and Aft. And strictly taken, is so
-much only of her Bottom as she rests upon, when lying a-ground.
-
-
-Flown Sheats
-
-A ship sails with Flown Sheats when they are not hauled Home, or close
-to the Blocks; they say when in a Gust of Wind, Let fly the Sheats, for
-fear the Ship should overset or spring her Top-masts.
-
-
-Flush
-
-When the Deck of a Ship has no Bulk-heads from Stem to Stern, they say,
-Her Decks are Flush Fore and Aft.
-
-
-Foot waaling
-
-Is all the Inboard Planking, from the Keelson upwards to the Orlop
-Clamps.
-
-
-Fore Castle
-
-Is that Part where the Fore-mast stands, and it is divided from the
-Rest of the Floor by the Bulk-head, in which generally the Cook-Room is
-built; as are the Boatswain, Carpenter and Cook's Cabbins.
-
-
-Fore Foot
-
-Is the foremost Part of the Keel, that first takes the Ground.
-
-
-Forelocks
-
-Are little flat Wedges made of Iron, used at the Ends of Bolts to keep
-them from flying out of the Holes.
-
-
-Fore reach
-
-A Ship fore reaches upon another, when both sailing together, one Sails
-better, or out goeth the other.
-
-
-Forks
-
- Breeming
-
- Used by the Caulkers, to hold the Furz Faggots, when on fire, for
- cleaning Ships bottoms, when to be graved.
-
-
- Flesh
-
- For taking Pieces of Beef or Pork, when dressed by the Cook, out of
- the Furnaces.
-
-Foul
-
-When a Ship has been long untrimmed, so that Grass, Weeds, or Barnacles
-stick, or grow to her Sides under Water, she is then said to be Foul;
-also a Rope is Foul when it is either tangled in its self, or hindered
-by another, so that it cannot run or be over hawled.
-
-
-Foul Water
-
-A Ship is said to make Foul-water, when being under Sail, she comes
-into such Shoal Water, that though her Keel do not touch the Ground,
-yet she comes so near it, that the Motion of the Water under her,
-raiseth the Mud from the Bottom.
-
-
-Founder
-
-A Ship is said to Founder, when by any extraordinary Leak, or by a
-great Sea, breaking in upon her, she is filled with Water, that she
-cannot be freed of it, nor able to swim under it, but sinks with the
-Weight thereof.
-
-
-Free
-
-The Pump Frees a Ship when it throws out more Water than Leaks into
-her; but on the contrary, when it cannot throw out the Water so fast as
-it Leaks in, they say, The Pump cannot Free her; also bailing or lading
-Water out of a Boat, is called freeing the Boat.
-
-Freeze
-
-When Ships Quarters and upper Works are painted with Trophies, _&c._
-then it is said they are freezed.
-
-
-Fresh Shot
-
-Signifies the falling down of any great River into the Sea.
-
-
-Funnels
-
- Copper
-
- Are used as a Chimney, where Commanders have a Stove in the Great
- Cabbin.
-
-
- Lead
-
- Are fixt in the Galleries of Ships.
-
-
-Furl
-
-For wrapping up and binding any Sail close to the Yard, which is done
-by hauling upon the Clew-lines, Bunt-lines, _&c._ which wraps the Sail
-close together, and being bound fast to the Yard, with the Gaskets, the
-Sail is furled.
-
-
-Furnaces
-
- Copper
-
- For dressing the Ship's Companies Victuals in, or heating Tar at the
- Rope Yard.
-
-
- Iron
-
- For heating Pitch, Tar or Turpentine for the Caulkers paying Ships
- Bottoms or Sides.
-
-
-Furring
-
-Is the regular fashioning out any Part when the main Piece of the
-Material is scanty, either by Defects, Wains, or want of Thickness,
-then a Piece of the same is put behind it, to make good its Thickness,
-which is called a Furr.
-
-
-Furz Faggots
-
-For Breeming Ships when in the Dock to be cleaned, or under Repair.
-
-
-Futtocks
-
-There are lower, second, third and fourth, and these Timbers being put
-together, make a Frame-bend.
-
-
-Gage
-
-When one Ship is to windward of another, she is said to have the
-Weather Gage of her.
-
-
-Gages
-
-Are used by the Smiths, for gageing Bolts, so as to make them of a true
-and right Size.
-
-
-Gale
-
-When the Wind blows not so hard but that a Ship can carry her Topsails
-a Trip, (that is, hoisted up to the Highest) then they say it is a
-Loom Gale. When it blows very strong, they say, it is a stiff, strong,
-or fresh Gale. When two Ships are near one another at Sea, and there
-being but little Wind blowing, one of them finds more of it than the
-other, they say, that the Ship Gales away from the other.
-
-
-Gallery
-
-Is that beautiful Frame, which is made at the Stern of a Ship
-without-board, into which there is a Passage out of the Admiral's or
-Captain's Cabbin, and are for stately Shew and Ornament to the Ship.
-
-
-Gally
-
-Is a Place in the Cook-Room, where the Grates are set up, and in which
-they make Fires, for boyling or roasting the Victuals.
-
-
-Gammoning
-
-Are several turns of Rope taken round the Bowsprit, and reeved through
-Holes in the Knee of the Head, for the greater Security of the Bowsprit.
-
-
-Gang
-
-To man the Boat, is to put a Gang of Men (which is a Company) into her,
-who are called the Boat's Crew.
-
-
-Gangway
-
-A Deal Plat-form, about three Feet wide in great Ships, ranging in the
-Wast from the Quarter Deck to the Fore Castle, over the upper Deck
-Guns, for a free Passage for the Officers and Men, in working the Ship
-either at Sea or in an Engagement; and so is the Walk made from the
-Ladder to the Quarter Deck, called the Gangway, and lies even with the
-Gunwale.
-
-
-Garboard Strake
-
-Is the Plank next the Keel, one Edge of which is run into the Rabit
-made in the upper Edge of the Keel on each Side.
-
-
-Garnet
-
-Is a Tackle in a Ship having a Pendant coming from the Main-mast, with
-a Block well seized to the Main-stay, just over the Hatchway, to which
-a Guy is fixed to keep it steady; and at the other End is a Long Tackle
-Block, in which the Fall is reeved, that so by it any Goods or Casks
-may be hauled and hoisted into, or out of the Ship; when this Garnet is
-not used, it is fastened along by the Stay.
-
-
-Gaskets
-
-Made out of Junk or Rope Yarns, are for fastening the Sails to the
-Yards when furled up.
-
-
-Gin
-
-Is a Machine made for driving Piles fitted with a Windlass and Winches
-at each End, where eight or nine Men heave, and round which a Rope is
-reeved, (that goes over a Wheel at the Top) whose End is seized to an
-Iron Monkey, that hooks to a Beetle of different Weights, according
-to the Pile they are to drive, being from Eight to Thirteen Hundred
-Weight, and when hove up to a cross Piece near the Wheel, it unhooks
-the Monkey, whereby the Beetle falls on the upper End of the Pile, and
-forces the same into the Ground, and the Monkey's own Weight over-halls
-the Windlass, in order for its being hooked again to the Beetle.
-
-
-Girding-girt
-
-A Ship is Girt, or hath a Girding Girt, when her Cable being so tight
-or strained upon the Turning of the Tide, she cannot go over it, but
-lies a-cross the Tide.
-
-Glasses
-
- Watch
-
- Being four Hours, governs them at Sea, for changing the Watch.
-
-
- Half Watch
-
- Runs two Hours.
-
-
- Half Hour
-
- For keeping the Time of Day and Night.
-
-
- Half Minute
-
- Quarter Minute
-
- By them they count the Knots, when they heave the log, in order for
- finding what Way the ship makes through the Sea.
-
-
-Glew
-
-Used by the Joyners and House Carpenters in their Works.
-
-
-Goreing
-
-A Sail is cut Goreing, when it is cut sloping by Degrees, and is
-broader at the Clew than at the Earing, as all Topsails and Topgallant
-Sails are.
-
-
-Gooseneck
-
-A Piece of Iron fixed on the End of the Tiller to which the Lanyard of
-the Whipstaff, or the Wheel Rope comes, for steering the Ship.
-
-
-Goosewing
-
-When a Ship Sails before, or with a Quarter Wind in a fresh Gale, to
-make the more Haste, they Launch out a Boom and Sail on the Leeside, to
-give the Ship more Way, and a Sail so fitted is called a Goosewing.
-
-
-Grapnells
-
- Boat
-
- Are a Kind of Anchors being made with four Flooks for Boats to ride by.
-
-
- Fire & Chain
- Hand & Chain
-
- Are made with barbed Claws instead of Flooks; are used to be thrown
- into an Enemy's Ship, to catch hold of Rigging or any other Part of the
- Hull, in order for boarding her.
-
-
-Grates
-
-Are put up in the Cook-Room to make Fires in for dressing Victuals.
-
-
-Grateings
-
-Are a Kind of Lettice-work formed of Ledges and Battins, the square
-Holes of which being three or four Inches wide, are for the current
-footing of Men over the Hatchways, to give Air alow, and Vent for the
-Smoke in an Engagement.
-
-
-Grate Irons
-
-Are to loosen the Mud and Sullage of the Docks, which lodge in the
-Grates of the Drains.
-
-
-Graving
-
-Is bringing a Ship a-ground, and then burning off with Furz, Reed, or
-Broom, all the Filth and Foulness that Sticks to her Bottom without
-board, in order to pay her anew.
-
-
-Gripe
-
-Is a Piece of Timber fay'd against the lower Piece of the Stem, from
-the Fore-mast End of the Keel, reconciling with the Knee of the Head;
-its Use is to defend the lower Part of the Stem from any Injury, but is
-often made the larger to make the Ship keep a good Wind.
-
-
-Gromets
-
-Are small Rings formerly fastened with Staples to the Yards, to make
-fast the Gaskets, but now never used.
-
-
-Ground-tackle
-
-Is a Ship's Anchors, Cables, _&c._ and in general whatever is necessary
-to make her ride safe at an Anchor.
-
-
-Grounding
-
-Is bringing a Ship on Ground to be clean'd, trim'd, or have a Leak
-stop'd.
-
-
-Ground toes
-
-Are what come from the Hemp when dressed at the Hatchel for the
-Spinners, and out of which Deepsea, Hamburgh, or Cabbin Lines, Marlin,
-and white Ocham are made.
-
-
-Gudgeons
-
-Are the Eyes drove into the Stern-post, into which the Pintles of the
-Rother go to hang it.
-
-
-Gunner
-
-Has the Charge of all the Ordnance, Ammunition, Small Arms, and other
-Stores allowed the Ship in his Province.
-
-
-Gunwale
-
-Is the Top of the Side in the Wast of all Ships, _&c._ on the
-Fore-castle, where there are no Ports, is a Plansheer, over which the
-Guns are fired, but in Boats all Fore and Aft.
-
-
-Guy
-
-Is any Rope, used for keeping off Things from bearing or falling
-against the Ship's Side, when they are to be hoisted in; that Rope also
-which is made fast to the Fore-mast at one End, and seized to a single
-Block at the Pendant of the Garnet, is also called the Guy of the
-Garnet.
-
-
-Haile
-
-Is either to call to a Ship, to know from whence she is, where bound,
-salute her, or to wish her Health.
-
-
-Hair Loose
-
-Used by the Bricklayers in their Mortar, and by the Caulkers to lay on
-Sheathing Board.
-
-
-Hair Spunn
-
-Used by the Caulkers for Caulking the Seams of Ships.
-
-
-Halberts
-
-For the Use of the Warders, that do Duty at the Yard Gate, and Jetty
-Heads.
-
-
-Hallyards
-
-Are those Ropes by which they hoist up all the Topsail Yards; the Cross
-Jack and Spritsail Yard have none, because they are always slung.
-
-
-Hammacoes
-
-Are made of Canvas for the Seamen to lie in.
-
-
-Hammers
-
- Clench
-
- Are made with hardened Edges, to clench Bolts, _&c._
-
-
- Fidd
-
- Their Handle is made tapering in the Form of a Fidd.
-
-
- Hack
-
- Are for notching the Edges of Hacksaws to saw Bolts.
-
-
- Picking
-
- Are used by the House Carpenters for dressing Grindstones, and
- Bricklayers on slateing and tyleing.
-
-
- Sett
-
- Are used by the Mast-makers for setting up Iron Hoops on Ships Masts,
- Yards, _&c._
-
-
-Hances
-
-Falls or Descents of the Fife Rails which are placed from the Stern
-down to the Gangways.
-
-
-Hand Cuffs
-
-Are for securing Pirates when taken Prisoners.
-
-
-Hand Hooks
-
-Are used by the Smiths to turn or twist square Iron.
-
-
-Hand Screws Double}
- Single}
-
-Used for canting Timber, or other weighty Stores.
-
-
-Handsplices
-
-Used by the Smiths to drive in any Work that is hooped up, to cant or
-turn it.
-
-
-Handspikes
-
-Are used, at Sea to traverse the Ordnance, or heave withal at a
-Windlass in small Ships or Vessels to weigh the Anchor; and in the
-Yard, are used by the Labourers, in stowing or canting Timber, _&c._
-
-
-Harbour
-
-Where Ships may ride safe at an Anchor.
-
-
-Harpings
-
-Are the foremost Waal Pieces, rounding from the Stem Aft, either in
-Boat or Ship.
-
-
-Hasps
-
-For making fast Doors.
-
-
-Hatchbarrs
-
-Are for barring down the Hatches in Time of Fight.
-
-
-Hatchells
-
-Are made use of in the Rope Yard, being set with Teeth for dressing and
-preparing the Hemp to make it fit for spinning white Yarn.
-
-
-Hatchets
-
-Are allowed for cutting Rigging, or other Ropes and Services which they
-are proper for.
-
-
-Hatchways
-
-There are three, all on the Gun Deck, the Fore, Main, and After.
-
-
-Hawl
-
-Is the same Thing as what we call pulling a-shore.
-
-
-Hawse
-
- Bags
-
- Are made of Canvas, tapering, stuffed full of Ocham, and are generally
- allowed small Ships, to prevent the Seas washing in at the Hawse Holes.
-
-
- Pieces
-
- Are large Pieces of Timber in the Bow of the Ship, in which are made
- two large Holes on each Side for the Cables to pass through.
-
-
- Plugs
-
- Are to put into the Holes for preventing the Water washing into the
- Manger.
-
-
-Hawser
-
-Is a Rope consisting only of three Strands, and used for Shrouds,
-_&c._ and there is a Kind of small Cablet, which consists of nine
-Strands, which is vulgarly called a Hawser, being generally used for
-transporting or warping Ships, _&c._
-
-
-Head Sails
-
-Are those Sails which belong to the Foremast and Bowsprit, because they
-govern the Head of the Ship, and make her fall off, or keep out of the
-Wind, and are in quarter Winds the chief drawing Sails.
-
-
-Head Sea
-
-Is when a great Wave or Billow of the Sea comes right a-head of a Ship
-when in her Course.
-
-
-Hearth Staves
-
-Are to clear the Smith's Fires, or raise the large Cinders.
-
-
-Heave
-
-Signifies to throw or fling any Thing over-board; also turning about
-the Capston, is called heaving at the Capston; likewise when a ship
-being at Anchor, riseth and falleth by the Force of the Waves, she is
-said to heave and set.
-
-
-Heel
-
-That Part of the Foot of any Mast, which is cut away in order for
-steping, is called the Heel of the Mast; but the Heels of Topmasts are
-square, through which they put the Fidd; also if a Ship lie on one
-Side, whether she be a-ground or a-float, they say she heels.
-
-
-Helm
-
-Is a Piece of Timber, fastened into the Rother Head, and comes as
-forward as the Bulk Head of the Gun Room, and he that steers the Ship,
-holds the Whipstaff in his Hand, which is fastened into the Helm, but
-lately they are left off, and Steering Wheels are made use of.
-
-The Terms of Art belonging to the Helm are,
-
- 1 _Port the Helm_,—
-
- That is, put the Helm over to the left Side of the Ship.
-
- 2 _Starboard the Helm_,—
-
- That is, put it to the Right Side of the Ship.
-
- 3 _Right the Helm, or Helm a Midship_,—
-
- That is, keep it even with the Middle of the Ship.
-
- 4 _Bear up the Helm_,—
-
- That is, let the Ship go more large before the Wind.
-
- 5 _Bear up round_,—
-
- That is, let the Ship go directly before the Wind, in the Middle
- between her two Sheats.
-
-
-Helve
-
-A Handle for Axes, Hammers or Mauls.
-
-
-Hemp
-
-Is brought from Riga, _Queenbro'_, _Russia_, _Petersburgh brock_, or
-_Konninsburgh_, is received into the Rope Yard, and wrought up into
-Cordage, Lines or Twine.
-
-
-Hencoops
-
-Are for keeping Fowls in.
-
-
-Hinges
-
- Butt
-
- Are used by the Joyners for hanging Table Leaves, _&c._
-
-
- Casement
-
- Used for hanging them.
-
-
- Dovetail
-
- Ess
-
- For light Doors or Lockers.
-
-
- Garnet Cross
-
- For hanging large Doors or heavy Scuttles.
-
-
- Ditto Dozen
-
- For hanging small Scuttles.
-
-
- Locker joynts
-
- Are used for small Lockers.
-
-
- Port
-
- For hanging Ships Ports.
-
-
- Riseing
-
- For Cabbin Doors, _&c._
-
-
- Scuttle
-
- For Scuttles.
-
-
- Side
-
- For Cabbin Doors, _&c._
-
-
-Hitch
-
-Is a Word to catch hold of any Thing with a Hook or Rope, and to hold
-it fast; thus when a Boat is to be hoisted in, Hitch the Tackles into
-the Ring Bolts of the Boat; so Hitch the Fish Hook to the Flook of the
-Anchor when they are about to weigh.
-
-
-Hoist
-
-Is for hawling up any Thing into the Ship, or getting up a Topmast,
-Yard, _&c._
-
-
-Hold
-
-Is all that Part of a Ship which lies between the Keelson and lower
-Deck, wherein are Bulk-heads, and they divided, are the Steward Room,
-Powder Room, Bread Room, and Boatswain and Carpenter's Store Rooms.
-
-
-Hold Fasts
-
-Are made of Iron, used by Joyners, House Carpenters, or Carvers; goes
-through their Benches to hold fast such Work as cannot be finished by
-its being held in the Hand.
-
-
-Hold Off
-
-Is a Term used in weighing the Anchor, when the Voyal is about the
-Capston; for if the Cables are stiff, or have lain long in Oazy Ground,
-unless that Part of the Cable heaving in, be hawled away hard by the
-Capston, the Voyal will surge or slip back, therefore must be hawled
-away as fast as it comes in, so as that it may keep close about the
-Whelps; and this Work is called holding off, and may be done by Hand
-with a small Cable; but in all great Ships, they hold off with Nippers,
-and in small Craft they bring the Cable to the Jeer Capston, or about a
-Windlass.
-
-
-Hood
-
-Is made of Copper, to go on the Top of the Chimney, (which is placed
-on the Fore-castle for carrying the Smoke out of the Cook Room) and to
-shift as the Wind does, that it may always fly out to leeward.
-
-
-Hooks
-
-When the Edges of Planks are fayd into one another thus, ᒥᒪᒥᒪᒥ it is
-said to be Hook and Butt.
-
-
-Hooks
-
- Boat
-
- Are for fending or setting off Boats.
-
-
- Cann
-
- Are for hoisting Casks out or into the Ship.
-
-
- Cant
-
- Are for turning or canting large Masts, having at one End a Ring for
- a Hand-spike to go through, and at the other a Claw, which penetrates
- into the Masts when they are made Use of to turn them for Survey, _&c._
-
-
- Fish
-
- Is to take hold of the Shank of the Anchor when to be hove up to the
- Bow.
-
-
- Flesh
-
- With which the Cook takes the Beef and Pork out of the Furnaces.
-
-
- Gamming
-
- Used when Gammoning the Bowsprit.
-
-
- Kettle
-
- To hang the Kettles or Pots on over the Fire.
-
-
- Laying
-
- Are used by the Rope-makers when laying of Cordage.
-
-
- Port
-
- Are drove into the Ship's Sides, on which the Ports hang.
-
-
- Puttock
-
- For the Plates to hook upon.
-
-
- Rave
-
- Used by the Caulkers for picking the old Ocham out of the Seams of
- Ships, _&c._
-
-
- Sheer
-
- Are great Hooks let into, or put on the Main and Fore Yard Arms of
- Fireships, in order to fasten into an Enemy's Shrouds, Sails or
- Rigging.
-
-
- Spinning
-
- Are drove into the Rails for the Rope-makers to hang their Threads on,
- as they spin them.
-
-
- Tackle
-
- Spliced into the Straps of Blocks or Ends of Rope.
-
-
-Hook Pinns
-
-Are Bolts made with a shoulder at one End, and used by the House
-Carpenters in frameing, which they drive through the Mortice's and
-Tennants of the Work prepared for Building or Wharfing.
-
-
-Hoops Iron
-
- Anchor Stock
- Capston
- Masts
-
- Are drove round them in order to their greater Strength and Security.
-
-
-Hoops Wood
-
- Mast
-
- Nailed round them on each Side of the Wooldings.
-
-
- Top
-
- Fastened and nailed round the Rims of the Top.
-
-
-Horse
-
-Is a Rope in a Ship made fast at each Yard Arm, and on which the Men
-stand to furl the Sails; and is also a Frame of Wood the Riggers make
-use of to woold Ships Masts, which hath a Rowl fixed in it, whereon
-several Turns are taken for heaving the Rope taught round the Mast
-before the Nails are drove through the Rope.
-
-
-Horse Irons
-
-Used by the Caulkers, when they cannot come at a Seam with their common
-Irons.
-
-
-Hounds
-
-Are that shouldered Part of all Masts over which the Shrouds are put;
-and all above that is called the Mast-head.
-
-
-Housed in
-
-When the Breadth of a Ship's Bearing is brought in too narrow to her
-upper Works, or pinched in too much, she is Housed-in.
-
-
-Hull
-
-Is the main Body of a Ship without either Masts, Yards, Sails, or
-Rigging.
-
-
-Hullock
-
-Is some small Part of a Sail, let loose in a great Storm; it is chiefly
-used in the Mizon to keep the Ship's Head to the Sea when all the rest
-of the Sail is made up, except a little at the Mizon Yard Arm.
-
-
-Hummers
-
-Used by the Scavengers for rakeing up the Filth that comes off from the
-Ships Bottoms upon their being scrub'd, which settles at the Bottom
-of the Dock, or upon the Apron near the Gates; are made of Wood, not
-unlike a Rake.
-
-
-Jeer
-
-Is a large Rope reeved through treble or double Blocks, lashed at the
-Mast-head and on the Yard, which are to hoist or lower the Low-Yards.
-
-
-Jewel
-
-Made not unlike the Ring of an Anchor, and of Substance, that its
-Weight may carry it down, to purchase any Thing that is heavy under
-Water, when two Parts of a Cable or Rope are put through it, and as
-they heave, the Jewel slides down, jams the Bite, so as that it may not
-slip off the Purchase the Rope is about.
-
-
-Jews Harp
-
-Are made of Iron, and of such Substance and suitable Strength, as to
-be sufficient to hold the Pendant Chain where the Moaring Cable is
-bent to the Ring, and secured by a Forelock; the other End, which is
-round, takes the two short Pendant Chains the Rings of the Anchors are
-fastened to; as is the Wood Buoy and Chain.
-
-
-Iron
-
-Orground, _Stockholm_ and _Spanish_, used by the Smiths for making
-Anchors, Bolts, Hoops, and for all other Services where it is proper to
-be used in building Ships, or about the Docks, Wharfs, and Yard, _&c._
-
-
-Iron Sick
-
-A Ship or Boat is said to be Iron-sick, when her Bolts or Nails are
-so eaten with Rust, and so worn away, that they make hollows in the
-Planks, so as to make the Ship Leaky.
-
-
-Junk
-
-Is old Cables cut into short Lengths, and issued to Boatswains for
-making Swabs, Platts and Nippers; to Carpenters of Ships, and to poor
-People to be picked into Ocham, for Caulking Ships Sides, Decks, _&c._
-
-
-Jury Mast
-
-Whatever is set up in the Room of a Mast lost in a Fight, or by a
-Storm, and fastened into the Partners, and fitted with a lesser Yard,
-Sails and Ropes, is called a Jury Mast, _&c._
-
-
-Jutty heads
-
-Platforms standing on Piles which are made near the Docks, and project
-without the Wharfs for the more convenient docking and undocking Ships.
-
-
-Keckle
-
-When the Cables of a Ship gaul in the Hawse, they wind old Rope about
-them, which is called Keckling.
-
-
-Kedging
-
-When a Ship is brought up or down in a narrow River, and the Wind
-contrary to the Tide, and yet is to go with the Tide, they use to set
-their Fore Course, or Fore-top-sail and Mizon, that so they may flat
-her about; and if she happens to come over too near the Shore, they
-have a small Anchor in a Boat with a Warp fastened to it from the Ship,
-which Anchor they let fall, in order to wind and turn her Head about;
-and this Work is called Kedging.
-
-
-Keel
-
-The principal Piece of Timber first laid when a Ship is to be built,
-her whole Length from the lower Part of her Stem to the lower Part
-of the Stern Post; into this are all the lower Futtocks fastened and
-bolted Fore and Aft; to the under Part of which, a false Keel is
-brought on.
-
-
-Keelers
-
-Are small Tubs, which hold Stuff for the Caulkers to grave Ships
-Bottoms, on their being hawled on the Ways, or into the Dock.
-
-
-Keelson
-
-A principal Piece of Timber fayd within Side of the Ship, cross all
-the Floor Timbers, and it being adjusted exactly over the Keel with
-suitable Scarphs, it thereby strengthens the Bottom of the Ship.
-
-
-Kerfe
-
-The Furrows made by a Saw in Timber, Plank, Deals, _&c._
-
-
-Kersey
-
-Is allowed to make Waste Cloths, Top Armours, or other Accommodations
-on board a Ship, Lining entering Ropes, _&c._
-
-
-Kettles
-
- Double
-
- With two Covers, for dressing Provisions in, when a Ship's Company is
- small.
-
-
- Fish
- Small
-
- Are single, and used for several Services on board, and for the Mens
- Provisions.
-
-
-Kevels
-
-Are Pieces of Plank fayd against the Quickwork on the Quarter Deck, in
-the Shape of a Semi-circle, for belaying the running Rigging to.
-
-
-Kinks
-
-When Cables or Cordage is new, or too hard laid, it is stubborn, and
-very apt when handed to be coyled to take in Turns, which is called
-Kinking.
-
-
-Knee of the Head
-
-Is commonly called the Cut-water, it supports the Lyon, and all the
-Rail-work, _&c._ of the Head.
-
-
-Knees
-
- Iron
-
- Serve as Standards in some Parts of the Ship; and are also used in
- Boats, to keep the Thauts fast to the Side of the Boats.
-
-
- Wood
-
- Crooked Timbers which brace and bear the End of the Beams, _&c._ to
- the Ship's Side, and are called either Hanging, Lodging, Raking, or
- Square, and fixed to every Beam where they carry Guns.
-
-
-Knettles
-
-Two Pieces of spun Yarn put together untwisted.
-
-
-Knight Heads
-
-Are two Pieces of Timber to which the Halyards and the Top Ropes are
-belayed.
-
-
-Knots
-
-There are two Sorts of Knots used at Sea; one they call a Bowline Knot;
-by this the Bowline Bridles are fastened to the Cringles, and will not
-slip. The other is a Whale Knot, which is a round Knob or Knot made
-with three Strands of a Rope, and serves for the Topsail Sheats and
-Stoppers. The Divisions also of the Logline are called Knots, and are
-usually seven Fathom asunder; and then as many Knots as the Logline
-runs out in Half a Minute, so many Miles the Ship sails in an Hour.
-
-
-Labour
-
-When a Ship tumbles or rowls at Anchor, or under Sail at Sea, she is
-said to Labour.
-
-
-Ladders
-
-Those made of Wood are for going from one Deck to another; and those of
-Ropes, hung over the Stern of the Ships, are to enter out of the Boat,
-when the Weather is foul and the Sea high; as are those at the Side
-called Accommodation.
-
-
-Ladles Pitch
-
-Are used at Sea by the Carpenters of the Ships, to hold Stuff, to pay
-the Seams when caulked.
-
-
-Land Fall
-
-Signifies to fall in with the Land; thus, when a Ship out at Sea,
-expects to see Land in a little Time, and it so happens that she doth,
-they say, they have made a good Landfall.
-
-
-Land Laid
-
-When a Ship is just got out of Sight of the Land.
-
-
-Land Lock'd
-
-A Ship rides Land Lock'd when at an Anchor in such a Place, where there
-is no Point open to the Sea, so that she is safe from the Violence of
-Wind or Tide.
-
-
-Land shut in
-
-Is when another Point of Land hinders the Sight of that which a Ship
-came from.
-
-
-Land to
-
-Is when a Ship lies so far off from Shore that they can but just see
-Land.
-
-
-Lanterns
-
- Poop
-
- Are glazed with Stone-ground Glass, and placed at the Ship's Stern.
-
-
- Top
-
- Are glazed with Stone-ground Glass; stands on a Crank at the Main-top
- when an Admiral or Commodore is on board.
-
-
- Braces
-
- Are to steady the Lanterns.
-
-
- Girdles
-
- Go round them.
-
-
- Hand
-
- Are allowed the Boatswain and Carpenter.
-
-
- Powderroom
-
- Are glazed with Stone-ground Glass, placed at the Bulk-head of the
- Magazine, and stands over a Wood Cistern lined with Lead, which is
- kept full of Water.
-
-
- Storeroom
-
- A triangular Light placed at the Bulk-head of the Boatswain and
- Carpenter's Store-Rooms.
-
-
-Lanyards
-
-Are Ropes reeved through dead Eyes of all Shrouds and Chains which are
-to slacken or set up the Shrouds. The Stays are also set taught by
-Lanyards; and those which fasten the Stoppers to the Cables, are called
-Lanyards.
-
-
-Larboard
-
-The Left Hand Side of the Ship when you stand with your Face to the
-Head.
-
-
-Large
-
-A Ship goes or sails Large, when she goes neither before the Wind or
-upon a Wind, but as it were, quartering between both; wherefore Large,
-Quartering, Veering or Lasking, are all of the same Signification.
-
-
-Lashed
-
-Signifies made fast.
-
-
-Lashing
-
-Is twice laid Cordage made out of old Rigging, and used for Lashing
-Booms, and other uses on board; and by the Boatswain of the Yard for
-rafting Timber, Masts, _&c._
-
-
-Lasking
-
-When a Ship sails neither by, nor directly before the Wind, she is
-said to go Lasking, which is much the same as Veering, or going with a
-quarterly Wind.
-
-
-Latchetts
-
-Small Line (made like Loops) is sewn to a Bonnet or Drabler for lacing
-them together.
-
-
-Laths
-
-Are used by the Bricklayers on the Roofs and Ceiling of Houses.
-
-
-Launch
-
-Is to put out; thus they say, Launch the Ship off the Stocks, or out
-of a Dock, Launch the Boat, Launch the Davit in or out, Launch out
-the Capston Bars; also when they have hoisted up a Yard high enough,
-they say in another Sense, Launch ho; that is, hoist no more; also
-in stowing any Thing in the Hold of a Ship, they cry, Launch Aft, or
-Launch forward on.
-
-
-Leads
-
- Deepsea
- Hand
-
- Are bent to Lines for finding the Depth of Water.
-
-
-Lead
-
- Pipes
-
- Large
-
- Are used for the Pisdales on board a Ship, and for conveying the
- Water from the Cistern to the Officers Houses, and Jutty Heads.
-
-
- Small
-
- Are joined to the large Pipes as Branches to the Officers Houses, and
- Jutty Heads.
-
-
- Mill'd
-
- Is used for covering Houses, Gutters, lining the Ship's Furnaces, and
- several other Uses both a-float and a-shore.
-
-
- Scuppers
-
- Are let through the Ship's Sides for carrying the Water from off the
- Decks.
-
-
-Leather
-
- Buckets
-
- Are fixed with Lanyards on board a Ship, to be ready in Case of Fire;
- and also are placed in the Officers Houses for that Purpose.
-
-
- Hoses
-
- Are for starting Water at the watering Places into Casks; and for the
- like Use on board Ships.
-
-
- Licquor'd
-
- Is for leathering Pump Chains.
-
-
- Scuppers
-
- Are nailed over the Holes of the Lead Scuppers, not only for carrying
- the Water down the Ship's Sides, but also prevents its washing in on
- the Gun-deck.
-
-
-Ledges
-
-Are square Pieces of Timber, reaching from Carling to Carling thwart
-Ships, and the Decks are fastened to these, as well as to the Carlings
-and Beams.
-
-
-Lee
-
-A Word diversly used at Sea; they mean generally by it, the Part
-opposite to the Wind.
-
-
-Lee Fangs
-
-Are Ropes reeved into the Cringles of Yachts and Hoys Sails.
-
-
-Lee Latch
-
-A Word of Command to the Men at the Helm or Steering Wheel, spoken by
-him that Conds, to take Care that the Ship don't go to leeward of her
-Course.
-
-
-Lee Shore
-
-Is that on which the Wind blows; and therefore to be under the Lee of
-the Shore, is to be close under the Weather Shore, or under the Wind.
-
-
-Leeward Ship
-
-One that doth not keep her Wind, or doth not sail so near the Wind, nor
-make her Way so good as she should.
-
-
-ALee the Helm
-
-They mean put the Helm to the Leeward Side of the Ship.
-
-To lay a Ship by the Lee, or to come by the Lee, is to bring her so
-that all her Sails may lie flat against her Masts and Shrouds, so that
-the Wind may come right upon her Broadside.
-
-
-Leech of a Sail
-
-Signifies the outward Skirt of the Sail from the Earing to the Clew, or
-Middle of the Sail between the two.
-
-
-Leech Lines
-
-Are Ropes fastened to the Leech of the Topsails (only) and then reeved
-into a Block at the Yard, just by the Topsail Runners; their Use is to
-hawl in the Leech of the Sail, when the Topsails are to be taken in,
-which is always first done, and then the Sail can be taken in with the
-greater Ease.
-
-
-Lett Fall
-
-The Word at Sea for putting out a Sail when the Yard is Aloft, and the
-Sail is to come down from the Yard; but when the Yards are lowered,
-then the Sail is loosed below, before they hoist the Yard: Neither is
-it said properly of Topsails, because the Yards lie on the Cap, and
-therefore the Word for them is, Heave out your Topsails; nor can it be
-applied to the Mizon; for to it, the Word is, Strike the Mizon and set
-it, so that in Strictness it belongs only to the Main and Fore Courses,
-when their Yards are hoisted up.
-
-
-Level
-
-An Instrument used by Carpenters, Bricklayers and Masons, and made of a
-long Piece of Wood at Bottom, and with an upwright Piece in the Middle,
-to hold a Thread and Plummet, which plays about a perpendicular line
-there drawn, and when it falls exactly on it, then is the Bottom Piece
-in a true Level or horizontal Position.
-
-
-Lewis's
-
-Are made of Iron, and put into the Holes the Masons cut beveling in
-large Stones for purchasing them, which spread themselves (by having a
-Wedge put into the Middle) like a Dovetail, so that there is no Danger
-of the Stones falling when hoisted up, in order to be laid in its bed
-of Mortar.
-
-
-Lie
-
-A Ship lies under the Sea, when her Helm being made fast a Lee, she
-lies so a-hull that the Sea breaks upon her Bow, or her Broadside.
-
-
-Lieutenant
-
-Is a Commission Officer next to the Captain, who, upon the Death or
-Absence of the Commander, has the entire Charge and Conduct of the
-Ship, and stands accountable for the whole Duty as Commander of her;
-and the youngest is to exercise the Seamen, and to see that the Small
-Arms are kept in good order.
-
-
-Lifts
-
-Are Ropes made fast to the Yard Arms, and their Use is either to hoist
-or top the Yard, that is, to make the Ends of the Yards hang higher or
-lower, as occasion serves. The Topsail Lifts serve as Sheats to the
-Top-gallant Yards, as well as Lifts for the Topsail Yards. And they at
-the Spritsail Yard are standing and running Lifts.
-
-
-Limber Boards
-
-Are Pieces of Plank fayd from the Foot Waaling to the upper Edge of
-the Keelson, to prevent the Ballast stopping the free Course of the
-Buildge-water to the Pumps, which runs through Holes made in the
-Timbers for that Purpose, and are called Limber Holes.
-
-
-Limber Irons
-
-Are to clear the Holes so as that the Water may pass without
-Interruption to the Well.
-
-
-Linch Pins
-
-Are made of Iron, and go through the Axle-trees of Carts, Timber
-Carriages, _&c._ to keep on their Wheels or Trucks.
-
-
-Lines
-
- Cabbin
-
- Are for lacing the Officers Bed Places.
-
-
- Deepsea
-
- Bent to a Lead, in order to sound the Depth of Water.
-
-
- Logg
-
- Are wound about a Reel, to keep an Account of the Ship's Way through
- the Sea; this Line for about ten Fathom from the Logg, hath, or ought
- to have, no Knots or Divisions, because so much should be allowed for
- the Logg's being clear out of the Eddy of the Ship's Wake, before they
- turn up the Glass; but then the Knots or Divisions begin, and ought to
- be at least fifty Feet from one another, though the common Practice at
- Sea is to have them but seven Fathom.
-
-
- Sail
-
- Are used by the Sail-makers in their Work.
-
-
- Sash
-
- Are used for hoisting or lowering Sashes.
-
-
- Tarr'd
-
- Are used for seizing Ropes and Blocks.
-
-
- White
-
- Are bent to Hand Leads for sounding the Depth of Water.
-
-
-Links
-
-Are made use of by the Men when they work at Night, either on docking
-the Ships, or repairing Wharfs, Jutty Heads, _&c._
-
-
-List
-
-If a Ship heels either to Starboard or Port, they say, she hath a List
-that Way; and they say so, if it be occasioned only by the shooting of
-her Ballast, or by the unequal stowing of Things in her Hold; though it
-is more properly said of a Ship, when she is inclined to heel any way
-upon the Account of her Mold or Make.
-
-
-Lockers
-
-Are a Kind of Box or Chest made in the Officers Cabbins to put or stow
-any Thing in.
-
-
-Locks
-
- Brass
-
- Are allowed Flag Ships.
-
-
- Casement
- Chest
- Cupboard
- Hanging
- Plate
- Spring Double
- Spring Single
- Stock
-
- Are used by the Master, House Carpenter, Master Joiner, and Carpenters
- of Ships, for such uses as they are proper for.
-
-
-Logg
-
-Is a Piece of Wood or Board about seven or eight Inches long, of a
-triangular Figure, and with as much Lead cast into it at one End, as
-will serve to make it swim upright in the Water; at the other End of
-which the Logline is fastened.
-
-
-Loggerheat
-
-Is made with a large round Ball of Iron at one End of a Handle, and is
-to heat Pitch on board a Ship.
-
-
-Loof of a Ship
-
-Is that Part of her Aloft which lies just before the Chess-tree.
-
-
-Loom
-
-If a Ship appears big at Sea when seen at a Distance, they say she
-Looms, or appears a great Ship.
-
-
-Loom Gale
-
-Is a gentle easy Gale of Wind, in which a Ship can carry her Topsails a
-Trip.
-
-
-Loop hole
-
-Are Holes made in the Comings of the Hatches of Ships, and in their
-Bulk-heads to fire Muskets through, in a close Fight.
-
-
-Luff
-
-Is a Term used in conding a Ship; thus Luff up, is to bid the Man at
-the steering Wheel, keep nearer the Wind. To Luff into an Harbour, is
-to sail into it, close by the Wind. To spring the Luff, is when a Ship,
-that before was going large before the Wind, is brought close, or claps
-close by the Wind. When a Ship sails upon a Wind as they say, that is,
-on a Quarter Wind, the Word of him that Conds is, Luff; keep your Luff;
-Veer no more; keep her too; touch the Wind; have a Care of a Lee Latch.
-All which Words signify much the same Thing, and bids the Man at the
-Wheel to keep the Ship near the Wind. But on the contrary, if the Ship
-is to go more large or right before the Wind, the Word is, Ease the
-Helm; no near! bear up.
-
-
-Luff Hook
-
-Is to succour the Tackles in a large Sail, that all the Stress may not
-bear upon the Tack; sometimes also it is used when the Tack is to be
-seized the surer.
-
-
-Luff Tackle
-
-Is a Tackle in a Ship, which serves to lift or hoist all small Weights
-in or out of her.
-
-
-Lying under the Sea
-
-When in a Storm the Ship is a-hull, and the Helm so fastened a-lee,
-that the Sea breaks upon her Bow or Broadside, _&c._
-
-
-Lyme
-
-Is to make Mortar for the Use of the Bricklayers and Stone Masons.
-
-
-Lyon
-
-Is a carved Figure fixed on the Knee of the Head.
-
-
-Mails
-
-
-Are made of Iron, and interwoven, not unlike a Chain; they are for
-rubbing off the loose Hemp which remain on Lines or white Cordage after
-it is made.
-
-
-Mallets
-
- Buildge
-
- Are used by the Caulkers for driving in the reeming irons, to open the
- Seams before caulked.
-
-
- Driving
-
- Are used by the Riggers to splice Cordage.
-
-
- Serving
-
- Are used by the Riggers and Sail-makers after they have put on
- Parsling of old Canvas, for serving the Ship's Shrouds, or Clews of
- Sails.
-
-
-Mandrels
-
-The Smiths set Hoops round, on them.
-
-
-Manger
-
-Is a Place partitioned off in the Bow of the Ship, to keep the Water
-that may come in at the Hawse Holes from running Fore and Aft on the
-Deck, and has two large Scuppers fixed on each Side to vent the Water
-that comes in.
-
-
-Marline
-
-Is small Line made with two Strands laid slack, that it may be the more
-pliable, out of Hemp flyings; its use is to seize the End of Ropes,
-Straps of Blocks, _&c._ And marling a Sail is fastening it to the
-Boltrope by a Logline put through the Eye-let Holes at the two lower
-Clews, when served and marled before finished for Service.
-
-
-Marline Spikes
-
-Are made tapering of Iron, for spliceing together small Ropes, _&c._
-
-
-Marking Yarn
-
-Is white Yarn spun the wrong Way, and put into all Cordage of three
-Inches and upwards, as the King's Mark.
-
-
-Master
-
-Appointed by Warrant from the Navy Board, and is to obey his
-Commander's Orders for the dispatching the Ship in fitting her out; to
-inspect the Provisions and Stores sent on board; to take Care of the
-Ballast that the Hold be carefully stowed, the Rigging and Stores duely
-preserved, and to navigate the Ship, _&c._
-
-
-Master at Arms
-
-Appointed by Warrant from the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty,
-and are to be Men well skilled in Martial Discipline, who are daily to
-exercise at Small Arms the Petty Officers and Ship's Company; to place
-and relieve Centinels; to mount the Guard; to see the Firelocks and
-other Arms be clean; observing the Orders of the Lieutenant at Arms;
-to see that the Fire and Candles be put out in proper Season; to visit
-all Vessels and Boats for preventing the Seamen going from the Ship;
-to acquaint the Officer of the Watch with all Misdemeanors: And the
-Corporals are to act and perform the same Duty under him.
-
-
-Master Sailmaker
-
-Is appointed by Warrant from the Navy Board, who, with his Mate and
-Crew, are to examine all Sails brought on board; attend all Surveys and
-Conversions; inspect into their Condition, and timely to repair and
-keep them fit for Service; to see they are perfectly dry when put into
-the Store-room, and there secured from Drips, Damps and Vermin; and to
-attend the Delivery of them into Store.
-
-
-Masts
-
-Of the Growth of _New England_ and _Riga_, are generally wrought into
-sixteen Squares, and are received into Store by their Diameter in
-Inches; the former are worked up for Fore or Main-masts, and the latter
-generally for Mizon-masts. _Norway_ and _Gottenbro'_ are brought from
-thence rough as they grow; are measured by girting them, and received
-by Hands, that is, four Inches make a Hand; are used for Top-masts or
-Yards.
-
-
-Masts made
-
- [Illustration: 1st Rates Main
- Main Top
- Main top gallant
- Bowsprit
- _Proportionably drawn by a Scale of 15^{inch} to 100 Feet statute
- measure._]
-
- For a Ship are the Sprit-top-mast, Fore, Fore-top, Fore-top-gallant,
- Main, Main-top, Main-top-gallant, Mizon and Mizon-top; and amongst
- which may be reckoned her Bowsprit; and the low ones are generally
- made out of _New England_ Growth, and the Topmasts and Top-gallant
- Masts, out of those brought from _Riga_, _Gottenbro'_ or _Norway_.
-
-
-Matts
-
-Are made out of Junk, old Rope Yarns, _&c._ for preserving the Yards
-from galling or rubbing in hoisting or lowering them.
-
-
-Mauls
-
- Doubleheaded
-
- Are allowed the Carpenters for such Uses as are requisite.
-
-
- Top
-
- Are for driving the Iron Fids in or out of the Heel of the Top-masts.
-
-
-Messengers
-
-Are allowed to great Ships, and a Cable-laid Rope which are made use of
-in the same Manner as the Voyals are, though not so big, brought round
-the main Capston, and are a Sort of Succour to the Voyal, but are never
-made use of, after the Anchor is a Peek.
-
-
-Midshipman
-
-His Station on Duty is on the Quarter Deck, Poop, _&c._ to mind the
-Braces, look out and give the Word of Command from the Captain and
-other superior Officers, and to assist on all occasions both in sailing
-the Ship, and in stowing her Hold, _&c._
-
-
-Mizon Course
-
-When the Tack is taken off from the Mast forward, it is called a
-Bon-adventure Mizon.
-
-
-Moar
-
-Signifies the laying out the Anchors of a Ship so, as is best and
-safest for her riding.
-
-
-Moarings
-
-Are laid out in Harbour, and consists of Claws, Pendant Chains, Cables,
-Bridles, Anchors, Swivel, Jews-harp, Buoys, and Chains for Ships to
-ride at, either when under Orders of fitting for the Sea, or are laid
-up in Ordinary.
-
-
-Monkey
-
-A Block made of Iron with a Catch, made use of in Ginns for driving
-Piles.
-
-
-Monk Seam
-
-Sewing the Edges or Selvedges of Sails together, over one another on
-both Sides, to make it the Stronger.
-
-
-Mooter
-
-Is the Person who (after the Tree-nails which are received into Store,
-rough from the Merchant) makes them smooth, and of proper Sizes, before
-they are drove through the Plank used on Ships Sides, Decks, Wharfs,
-_&c._
-
-
-Mortar
-
-A Preparation of Lyme, Sand, _&c._ mixed up with Water, and used in
-Buildings.
-
-
-Mouse
-
-Is a large Knot artificially made by the Riggers on the Ship's Stays.
-
-
-Nails
-
- Brads
-
- Battin
-
- Used by the House Carpenters and Joyners.
-
-
- Filling
-
- Used on Ships Bottoms when ordered to the _West Indies_, between the
- Spaces of the Sheathing Nails.
-
-
- Flooring
-
- Used by the House Carpenters
-
-
- Keelband
-
- Used by the Boat Builders.
-
-
- Clamp
-
- Used by the Shipwrights.
-
-
- Filling
-
- Used on Ships Bottoms ordered to the _West Indies_.
-
-
- Lead
-
- For nailing Lead.
-
-
- Port
-
- Double
- Single
-
- Used by the Shipwrights, and are drove into the Beams for the Mens
- Hammacoes to hang on.
-
-
- Rother
-
- Used by the Shipwrights to nail on the Rother Irons.
-
-
- Rove & Clench.
-
- Used by the Boat Builder on Boats.
-
-
- Scupper
-
- Has a broad and flat Head, and used for nailing the Leather Scuppers
- to the Ship's Sides.
-
-
- Sharp of Sorts
-
- Used by Shipwrights, House Carpenters and Joyners.
-
-
- Sheathing
-
- Used For nailing on the Sheathing Board.
-
-
- Spikes
-
- Used By the Shipwrights and House Carpenters.
-
-
- Tacks
-
- Used By the Joyners and Oar-makers for fining Oars.
-
-
- Timber
-
- Used by the Shipwrights and House Carpenters.
-
-
- Weight
-
- Used by the Shipwrights and House Carpenters.
-
-
- Wherry
-
- Used by the Boat Builders.
-
-
- Woolding
-
- Drove through the Ropes that Woold the Ship's Masts.
-
-
-Needles
-
- Boltrope
- Sail
-
- Are allowed the Boatswains for repairing the Ship's Sails when at Sea.
-
-
-Navel Hoods
-
-Are large Pieces of Stuff fayd against the Hawse Holes, and fills out
-to the outer Edge of the Cheeks, to keep the Cable from rubbing them.
-
-
-Naveline
-
-Is a Rope reeved through a Block made fast to the middle Rib, and
-another Block being made fast at the Mast-head, the Line goes through
-them, which makes a Tackle to hoist the Parrel.
-
-
-Navigation
-
-The Art of sailing or conducting a Ship or Vessel the safest and most
-commodious Way from one Place to another.
-
-
-Neap
-
-When a Ship wants Water to float her, so that she cannot get out of a
-Harbour, off the Ground, or out of the Dock, she is neaped, and are
-those Tides which happen seven Days after the Moon's Change or Full.
-
-
-Netting
-
-Is twice laid Cordage bigger than Lashing, and is used for Stantion
-Ropes, _&c._
-
-
-Nettings
-
-Are a Sort of Grate made with small twice laid Rope, and seized
-together with Rope Yarn or Twine, and are fixed on the Quarters and in
-the Tops.
-
-
-Nippers
-
-Are made of Rope Yarns, and several Turns are taken round the Cable and
-Voyal when heaving at the Main or Jeer Capston, in order to weigh the
-Anchor.
-
-
-Oars
-
- Barge
-
- Are made out of _New England_ or _Dantzick_ Rafters.
-
-
- Boat
-
- Are made out either of _English_ Ash, or Firr Rafters from _Norway_.
-
-
- Ship
-
- Are generally cut out of Firr Timber.
-
-
-Oazy Ground
-
-Such as is soft, slimy or muddy.
-
-
-Ocham
-
- Black
-
- Is picked out of old Cables or Junk, in order to caulk the Seams,
- Tree-nails and Bends of a Ship, for preventing Leaks.
-
-
- White
-
- Comes from the flyings of dress'd Hemp, and used for caulking the
- Seams of Ships.
-
-
-Offin
-
-Is a good Distance from the Shore where there is deep Water, and no
-Need of a Pilot to Conduct the Ship. Thus if a Ship from Shore be seen
-sailing out to Seaward, they say, She stands for the Offin; and if a
-Ship having the Shore near her, have another a good Way without her, or
-towards the Sea, they say, That Ship is in the Offin.
-
-
-Offward
-
-If a Ship, being a-ground by the Shore, doth Heel towards the Water
-Side, they say, She Heels Offward.
-
-
-Orlop
-
-A Platform under the Gun-deck for stowing the Cables, and where the
-Officers Store-rooms, _&c._ are built.
-
-
-Over Rake
-
-When the Waves break in upon a Ship riding at Anchor, and the Head Sea
-washes over her, then the Waves Over-Rake her.
-
-
-Oven Lids
-
-Are made of Iron to stop the Mouth of the Oven on board a Ship.
-
-
-Out licker
-
-Is a Piece fayd down to the upper Rail, and to the cross Piece in the
-Head, to carry the Foretack farther from the Middle of the Ship.
-
-
-Owler
-
-A Master of a Ship, or other Person that conveys Wool, or other
-prohibited Goods in the Night to the Sea Side, in order to Ship off,
-contrary to Law.
-
-
-Oyl
-
-Is used for sundry Services on board a Ship, by the Boatswains in
-mixing it with Blacking or Tar.
-
-
-Palleting
-
-The Floor of the Bread-room and Magazine of Powder, generally wrought
-of ordinary Deal, and is laid above the Keelson, for keeping the Bread
-and Powder dry, in Case there should be more Water in Hold than usual.
-
-
-Palms
-
-Are round Pieces of Iron, stamp'd full with round Impressions; are
-sewed to Leather, which comes into the Palm of the Sail-makers Hand,
-and are made use of by them to prevent the Needles running into them,
-when sewing the Seams or Boltropes on the Sails.
-
-
-Pannel
-
-In Joynery, _&c._ a square Piece of thin Wood, sometimes carved,
-framed, or groved in a larger Piece between Stiles.
-
-
-Parbuncle
-
-Is the Name given a Rope Contrived almost like a Pair of Slings; it is
-seized both Ends together, and then put double about any heavy Thing
-that is to be hoisted in or out of a Ship, and by having a Hook of a
-Runner or Tackle hitched into it, they hoist up any Cask or Box.
-
-
-Parsling
-
-Are Pieces of old Canvas cut about four Inches broad, and wrapped round
-Shrouds, Stays, Straps for Blocks, _&c._ before served with spun Yarn.
-
-
-Parrells
-
-Are made of Ribs and Trucks, and Ropes reeved through them, which
-having both their Ends fastened round about the Masts, the Yards by
-their Means go up and down the Masts with greater Ease; these also with
-the Breast Ropes fasten the Yards to the Masts.
-
-
-Partners
-
-Are Pieces of thick Stuff, through which Holes for the Masts and
-Capstons are cut on each Deck; they are wrought considerably thicker
-than the Plank of the Deck, so far as between the respective Beams
-where they are placed.
-
-
-Paunch
-
-Are those Mats made of Sinnet, which in a Ship are made fast to the
-Main and Fore Yards, to keep them from galling against the Masts.
-
-
-Pawle
-
-Is made of Iron, bolted at one End to the Beams through the Deck close
-to the Capston, but yet so easily as that it can turn about. Its Use is
-to stop the Capston from turning back, by being made to catch hold of
-the Whelps, therefore they say, Heave a Pawl; that is, heave a little
-more for the Pawl to get hold of the Whelps, and this they call Pawling
-the Capston; and droping Pawls are bolted to the Beams, and fall on
-the Drum-head, where, on the Top, are Holes cut for receiving the Iron
-Pawl.
-
-
-Paying
-
-Laying over the Seams of a Ship a Coat of hot Pitch, is called Paying
-her; or when she is a graving, and her Soil burned off, and a new Coat
-of Tallow, Pitch, Rozin and Brimstone boiled together, is put upon her,
-that is also called Paying of a Ship.
-
-
-Peek
-
-Used in these Senses: An Anchor is said to be a Peek, when the Ship
-being about to weigh, comes so over her Anchor, that the Cable is
-perpendicular between the Hawse and the Anchor, and to bring the Ship
-thus, is called heaving a Peek.
-
-Also Peek the Mizon, that is, put the Mizon Yard right up and down by
-the Mast.
-
-A Ship is said to ride a Peek when she lies with her Main and Fore
-Yards hoisted up, and then having one End of the Yards brought down to
-the Gunwale, the other is raised up an End.
-
-The Reason why they thus Peek up their Yards is, least lying in a
-River (and they hardly ever use it but then) with their Yards a-cross,
-another Ship should come foul of them and break their Yards.
-
-
-Pendants
-
-Short Ropes, one End of which is fastened either to the Head of the
-Mast, End of the Yards, on the Main Stay, or Back of the Rother; and
-at the other End hath a Thimble spliced in, or a Block to reeve a Fall
-through.
-
-
-Pendants of Tackles
-
-Are of the same Size as the Main and Fore Shrouds, made with an Eye at
-the upper End, to go over the Head of the Mast when single, but when
-double, are put over Head by a Hitch, with a single Block at their
-lower End for the Runners to be reeved through.
-
-
-Pentecontore
-
-A Vessel with Fifty Oars.
-
-
-Pillars
-
-Some are turned in the Form of a Column, and others are square, and
-placed generally under the Beams to support them, and the Decks.
-
-
-Piles
-
-Are large Stakes drove into the Earth for a Foundation to build on, or
-to make Dams, _&c._
-
-
-Pilot
-
-Is he which directs the Men at the Wheel how to steer.
-
-
-Pillow
-
-The Piece of Timber whereon the Bowsprit resteth close by the Stem.
-
-
-Pins
-
- Block
-
- For the Shives to run on.
-
-
- Turn'd
-
- To belay Ropes to.
-
-
- Tyle
-
- Used by the Bricklayers in Slates and Tyles.
-
-
-Pintles
-
-Are those Hooks by which the Rother hangs to the Stern Post.
-
-
-Pirate
-
-A Person or Vessel that robs on the High Seas, or makes Descents on the
-Coasts, _&c._ without Permission or Authority of any Prince or State.
-
-
-Pitch
-
-For paying Seams, and all out-board work after caulked.
-
-
-Pitches
-
-When a Ship falls with her Head too much into the Sea, or beats against
-it so as to endanger her Top Masts, they say, She will Pitch her Masts
-by the Board.
-
-
-Plain Sailing
-
-Is the Art of finding all the Varieties of the Ship's Motion.
-
-
-Plank
-
-Is sawed out of the strongest Beech, Elm, and Oak Timber, brought on
-to the Ship's Sides, and the latter used for laying their Decks, is
-cut from four Inches to one Inch and an Half thick; all above four
-Inches is called thick Stuff; and that cut out of Timber which grows
-compassing two Ways, is called Croaky; and such whose Edges happen to
-be circular, is called Snying.
-
-
-Plates
-
- Backstay
- Chain
-
- Has a dead Eye, Iron bound at one End, through which the Lanyards of
- the Shrouds and Back Stays are reeved; and the other End has an Eye
- through which the Chain Bolt is drove into the Ship's Sides.
-
-
- Puttock
-
- Are for Fore-top-mast Shrouds, as the Chain are for the low Shrouds,
- but with this difference, the dead Eyes are bound into the Plates, and
- they have Hooks at the End of them.
-
-
- Top
-
- Are square and small, nailed on the Rim, through which the Puttock
- Plates go, and prevent their wearing the Top away.
-
-
-Platts
-
-Are made flat, out of Rope Yarn, and waved one over another, their Use
-is to save the Cable from galling in the Hawse.
-
-
-Pointing
-
-Is when the Strands of a Cable, or Rope about two Feet, are untwisted,
-and afterwards made less towards the End, in a tapering Manner, where
-it is made fast, with Marline wove into the Yarns; the Design of which
-is, to keep the Rope from raffling out, or that none may be cut off and
-stole away.
-
-
-Pointers
-
-Are Pillars in an oblique Position from the Floor Rider-heads on each
-Side, (pointing) or meeting each other at the Middle of the Gundeck
-Beams.
-
-
-Poop
-
-Is the Floor or Deck over the Round-house, being the highest or
-uppermost Part of the Hull of a Ship.
-
-
-Ports
-
-Are those Holes in a Ship's Side through which her Guns are put out.
-
-
-Port the Helm
-
-Signifies to put the Helm to the Left or Larboard Side; but they never
-say, Larboard the Helm, but always Port; though it is proper to say,
-Starboard the Helm, when it is put to the Right Side. A Ship is also
-said to heel a Port, when she swims not upright, but leans to the Left
-Side.
-
-
-Port Last
-
-The same as the Gunwale of a Ship; therefore a Yard is down a Port
-Last, when it lies down on the Gunwale.
-
-
-Potts
-
-Are allowed the Boatswains for dressing their Victuals in, and to the
-Carpenters for heating Pitch.
-
-
-Preventers
-
-Are Ropes of different Sizes, cut into short Lengths, and knotted at
-each End, to be ready in Case a Shroud should be shot or broke, that
-they may be seized to them.
-
-
-Puddenings
-
-Are seized round the Mast, and tapers to each End from the Middle,
-where it is swelled pretty large for the Low-yards (when lowered down)
-to rest on; and the Rings of the Anchors are also puddened, to prevent
-the Galling of the Cable.
-
-
-Pumps
-
- Lead
-
- Some Ships have one fixed, whose Pipe goes down the Knee of the Head,
- and is there placed for washing the Decks.
-
-
- Hand
-
- Hangs over the Side, and lashed there for washing the Decks, and
- sometimes are put down into the Well, for freeing the Ship when she
- makes more Water than the Chain Pumps can throw out.
-
-
-Pump Bolt
-
-Goes through the Head, and the Brakeworks on it.
-
-
-Pump Hand
-
- Boxes Lower
-
- Are small and short, having a Flap, and a large Staple drove into it,
- to draw it up on Occasion.
-
-
- Ditto Upper
-
- Are fixed to the Spear.
-
-
- Brake
-
- Is the Handle.
-
-
- Hook
-
- A long Rod of Iron with a Hook at the End, to draw up or put down the
- lower Box.
-
-
- Stave or Spear
-
- Is a long Rod of Iron with an Eye at the upper End, which Hooks to the
- Brake, and to the lower End of which the upper Box is fixed.
-
-
-Pumps Chain
-
-Are placed in the Well, and works with Chains.
-
-
-Ditto Axletrees
-
-Are fixed in the Center of the Wheels, which are turned round with
-Winches put on at each End.
-
-
-Pumps Chain
-
- Bolsters
-
- A round Piece of Iron with a Hole in the Middle, and are for opening
- an Ess or Hook when any want shifting.
-
-
- Burrs
-
- Are round thin Pieces of Iron, very little less than the Bore of the
- Pump, which are placed between every Length of the Chain, and on each
- of them the Leather is put for bringing up the Water.
-
-
- Chains
-
- No Ship goes to Sea without a Spare one, which is kept ready leathered
- in case those in the Pumps should be wore out.
-
-
- Dale
-
- Is a round hollow Trunk, which conveys the Water through the Ship's
- Sides.
-
-
- Esses
-
- Are for repairing the Chains in Case any break or give way.
-
-
- Fidds
-
- Are for opening an Ess or Hook when old ones are to be taken out, or
- new put into the Chain.
-
-
- Hooks
-
- For repairing the Chains when any are wanting.
-
-
- Rowles
-
- Are put into the lower End of the Pump for the Chain to work on.
-
-
- Sprockets
-
- Are made not unlike a large Horse Shoe, drove into the Wheel, and the
- Chain works on them.
-
-
- Swivels
-
- Are for repairing the Chains when wanting.
-
-
- Wedges
-
- Are drove in on all sides of the Axle-tree, to keep the Wheels fast on
- it.
-
-
- Wheels
-
- Are turned out of Elm, in which the Sprockets are drove, and when so
- fitted, the Chains work round them.
-
-
- Winches
-
- Are the Handles put on each End of the Axle-tree, by which the Men
- work the Pump.
-
-
-Purchase
-
-The same as draw, but when they cannot haul any Thing with the Tackle,
-they say, The Tackle will not Purchase.
-
-
-Purser
-
-Is the Officer charged with all Sorts of Provisions allowed the Ship.
-
-
-Puttock Shrouds
-
-Are short Shrouds which go from the Fore, Main, and Mizon Shrouds to
-the Top, where the Plates are fixed with dead Eyes in them, through
-which the Lanyards are reeved for setting up the Top-mast Shrouds.
-
-
-Puttock Staves
-
-Go a-cross the lower Shrouds, and the Ends of the Puttock Shrouds are
-hitched round them.
-
-
-Quarter
-
-Is the After-part of the Ship without-board Aloft.
-
-
-Quartering
-
-Is when a Ship sails upon a Quarter Wind.
-
-
-Quarter Pieces
-
-Are two Pieces of carved Work reconciled to each End of the Tafferel,
-and when regularly suited to the same with a just Disposition of
-Figures, compleats the beautiful Symetry of the whole Stern and
-Gallery.
-
-
-Quarter Tackle Pendants
-
-Fastened on the Quarters of the Yard, and are used for taking in or
-hoisting Provisions, _&c._ out of the Hold, or upon Deck.
-
-
-Rabbet
-
-Is letting in a Ship's Plank to her Keel, which in the Run of her are
-hollowed away, and is called the Rabbet of her Keel.
-
-
-Racks
-
-Stand in the Cook-Room, at each End of the Grates, for the Spits to lye
-on to roast Victuals.
-
-
-Rafters
-
-Are brought from _New England_ and _Dantzick_, and being Ash, Barge,
-Pinnace and Wherry Oars, are made out of them.
-
-
-Rails
-
-Are generally composed of some regular Members of Architecture, they
-lye over and under the Banisters and Lights of the Stern and Galleries;
-are also ranged along the Side under several Denominations, as Sheer
-Rail, Plansheer Rail, Drift Rail, _&c._ they are also the principal
-Ornament in composing the Head of a Ship.
-
-
-Rake
-
-Is so much of a Ship's Hull as over-hangs the Stem and Stern; that Part
-of it Afore is called her Rake Forward, and that Abaft at the Stern
-Post, is called her Rake Aft.
-
-
-Ranges
-
-Are a Sort of Cleats, to which they belay or fasten the Spritsail,
-Fore, Main or Mizon Sheats.
-
-
-Ratlings
-
-Are small Ropes which make the Steps to get up the Shrouds, therefore
-are called Ratlings.
-
-
-Reach
-
-The Distance of two Points of Land which bear in a right Line to one
-another.
-
-
-Reckonings
-
-In Navigation, the estimating of the Quantity of the Ship's Way, or of
-the Run between one Place and another.
-
-
-Reef
-
-When there is a great Gale of Wind, they commonly Roll up Part of the
-Sail at the Head, by which Means it becomes Shoaler, and so draws not
-so much Wind; and this contracting or taking up the Sail they call
-Reefing, which is done with the Reef Tackle Pendants, Tyes, and Falls.
-
-
-Reeming Irons
-
-Are used by the Caulkers for opening the Seams of the Planks of Ships
-on the Stocks before caulked.
-
-
-Reeve
-
-Is to put a Rope through a Block; and, to pull a Rope out of a Block,
-is called Unreeving.
-
-
-Reflux
-
-Of the Sea, the Ebbing of the Water, or its Return from the Shore.
-
-
-Rends
-
-In a Ship, are the same as the Seams between her Planks.
-
-
-Rhombs
-
-The Points of the Compass.
-
-
-Ribbs
-
-Are the Timbers when the Planks are off, so called, because are bending
-like the Ribs of a Carcase; also those which belong to the Parrels are
-called Parrel Ribs.
-
-
-Ride
-
-A Ship is said to Ride, when her Anchors hold fast, so that she drives
-not away by the Force of Wind or Tide; and a Ship is said to Ride well
-when in a Head Sea, so as that the Waves do not wash over her.
-
-
-Ride
-
- Betwixt Wind and Tide
-
- When the Wind hath equal Force over her one Way, and the Tide another;
- but if the Wind hath more Power over her than the Tide, she is said to
- Ride Wind Rode.
-
-
- A Cross
-
- When she Rides with her Fore and Main-Yards hoisted up.
-
-
- Hawse-full
-
- When in Stress of Weather she falls so deep into the Sea with her
- Head, that Water runs in at her Hawses.
-
-
- A Peek
-
- When one End of the Yards are peeked up, and the other hangs down;
- this is also said of a Ship, when in weighing she is brought directly
- over her Anchor.
-
-
- Portoise
-
- When her Yards are struck upon the Deck, or when are down a Portlast.
-
-
- A Thwart
-
- When her Side lies a-cross the Tide.
-
-
-Riders
-
-Are Timbers of a large Scantling fay'd within Side of the Foot Waaling;
-the Floor Riders are wrought over the Keelson; and the lower Futtock
-Riders Scarphs to the Floor Riders from the Keelson to the Orlop Beams.
-
-
-Rigging
-
-Are all the Ropes whatsoever belonging to a Ship's Masts, Yards, or any
-Part about her; and she is well rigg'd when all her Ropes are of their
-fit Length and Size, in Proportion to her Burden.
-
-
-Right the Helm
-
-A Sea Phrase used by him that Conds to the Men at the Helm or Steering
-Wheel, ordering them to keep the Helm even in the Middle of the Ship.
-
-
-Right Sailing
-
-Is when a Voyage is performed on some one of the four Cardinal Points.
-
-
-Rings
-
- Hatch
-
- Are drove into the Hatches to open or shut them.
-
-
- Port
-
- Are drove into the Ports, and to which the Ropes are fastened to open
- or shut them.
-
-
-Rings & Forelocks
-
-Are put on the Ends of Bolts to prevent their starting out.
-
-
-Riping Chissels
-
-Are used by the Shipwrights in breaking up old Ships.
-
-
-Riseing Timbers
-
-Are large Pieces of Timber fay'd to the Keel, to the Stem Afore,
-and from the Keel to the Stern Post Abaft; its Use is to fashion
-out the lower Part of the Ship Afore and Abaft; and also to fasten
-the half Timbers into it; it is bolted to the Keel, Stem, and Stern
-Post respectively; there is also a thinner Piece of dead Wood in the
-Midships, fay'd on the Keel for the Breach of the Floor Timbers to be
-let into.
-
-
-Road
-
-A place of Anchorage at some Distance from the Shore, and sheltered
-from Winds, where Vessels usually Moar to wait for a Wind or Tide
-proper to carry them into Harbour, or set sail.
-
-
-Rock Staff
-
-With which the Smiths blow their Bellows.
-
-
-Ropes
-
-Of a Ship are, in general, all her Cordage; but those which have
-particular Names given them are as follows:
-
- Auning
-
- Are for spreading the Aunings.
-
-
- Bell
-
- Made fast to the Crank for striking it.
-
-
- Boat
-
- By which the Boats at the Ship's Stern are towed.
-
-
- Bolt
-
- Are laid white, stoved in an Oven, and then tarr'd; are the Head and
- Body Ropes sewed round the Sails.
-
-
- Breast
-
- Made fast to the Shrouds in the Chains, to support the Man that heaves
- the Lead.
-
-
- Bucket
-
- To hawl up Water.
-
-
- Canhook
-
- Seized to each Hook, to hoist Butts, Hogsheads, and other Casks on
- board.
-
-
- Catt
-
- For hoisting up the Anchors, in order to be stowed at the Bow.
-
-
- Davit
-
- Reeved through a Hole which is made at each End, for hauling the Davit
- to either Side of the Fore Castle.
-
-
- Entering
-
- To take hold of, for going up the Ship's Side.
-
-
- Luffhook
-
- Is for bousing the Tack aboard, when it blows hard, and is a Sort of a
- Preventer to the Tack.
-
-
- Grapnel
-
- Being bent to a Grapnel, either the Long-Boat, Pinnace or Yawl rides
- by it.
-
-
- Guess
-
- Is for keeping the Long-Boat, Pinnace or Yawl from steeving, or going
- too much in and out when towing.
-
-
- Parrel
-
- Is reeved through the Ribs and Trucks, which, with the Breast Ropes,
- lashes the Parrel to the Masts.
-
-
- Rother
-
- Reeved through a Hole in the Boat's Rother.
-
-
- Slip
-
- For triseing up the Bites of the Cable to the Rails of the Head.
-
-
- Stantion
-
- Reeved through the Eyes of the Stantions.
-
-
- Swabb
-
- Serves as a Handle to them.
-
-
- Top
-
- Are those with which the Top-masts are set or struck; they are reeved
- through an Iron-bound Block, which hooks under the Cap, and then
- reeved through the Heel of the Top-mast, where a Brass Shiver is
- placed athwart Ships; the other Part of them comes down to the Top
- Tackle Falls, which has double Blocks Iron-bound, and hooks to Ring
- Bolts upon the Deck.
-
-
- Tiller
-
- To keep the Tiller steady, that it may not fly from Side to Side.
-
-
- Wast
-
- For Boats to make fast to, along-side.
-
-
- Wheel
-
- Goes round the Spindle of the Steering Wheel, and from thence to the
- Tiller, and are generally white Rope.
-
-
-Ropebands
-
-Are made out of old Rope, Junk, _&c._ reeved through the Head Holes of
-the Sails, which make them fast to the Yards, and are vulgarly called
-Robins.
-
-
-Rope Yarn
-
-Is the Yarn of any Rope untwisted, but commonly made out of Junk; its
-Use is to make Sinnet, Mats, _&c._
-
-
-Roves
-
-Are small square Pieces of Iron, with a Hole punched in the Middle of
-them, through which the Nail goes, where it is clenched, and fastens
-the Boards of Pinnaces, Yawles, or Wherries to one another.
-
-
-Rother
-
-A Piece of Timber suitably formed, and hung with Irons called Pintles
-and Braces to the Stern Post; its Use is to traverse and govern the
-Ship under Sail.
-
-
-Rother Irons
-
-
-Are the Cheeks of Iron which is fastened to the Stern Post of Ships or
-Boats, and into which the Pintles go.
-
-
-Rother Tackles
-
-Are for Succour in Case the Tiller should break, and the Pendants are
-spliced to short Chains at the Back of the Rother, and the Falls come
-in on each Quarter of the Ship.
-
-
-Round House
-
-When the Poop is made so long as to come near, or to the Mizon Mast,
-there is (besides the Cabbins Abaft) an outer Apartment, which is
-called the Round House.
-
-
-Rowle
-
-Is a round Piece of Wood wherein the Whipstaff goes, being made to turn
-about, that it may carry over the Staff the easier from Side to Side.
-
-
-Rowlucks
-
-Are spaces left on the Gunwale, where two Thoals are let in at such a
-Distance from each other, as to admit the Oar at the End of the Loom to
-lie on, for rowing the Boat.
-
-
-Rowse
-
-The Cable or Hawser, that is, take it in or out.
-
-
-Rozin
-
-Is used for Paying the Ship's Sides, Boats, Blocks, _&c._
-
-
-Rufftrees
-
-Are slight Rails let into Iron Stantions, generally on the Quarter Deck
-and Fore Castle, against which a Weather Sail is fixed for Shelter to
-the Men; and likewise to keep and prevent them from tumbling over-board
-at Sea.
-
-
-Run
-
-So much of the After-part of a Ship as is under Water, is called her
-Run.
-
-
-Rundlets
-
-Are allowed the Boatswains to keep Oyl in.
-
-
-Runner
-
-Is a Rope reeved in a single Block seized to the End of a Pendant, and
-has at the one End a Hook to hitch into any Thing, and at the other
-End a long Tackle Block, into which is reeved the Fall of the Tackle
-or Garnet, by which Means it Purchases more than a Tackle Fall can do
-alone, and they, with the Halyards, hoist up the Topsail Yards, as the
-Ties do the Top-gallant Yards.
-
-
-Rungheads
-
-The Floor Timber Heads.
-
-
-Saddles
-
-Are used by the Smiths to turn Thimbles hollow on.
-
-
-Sail
-
-Every Yard in a Ship hath its proper Sail, (except the Cross Jack)
-and takes its Name from the Yard; and those which are not bent to
-the Yards, are, the Flying Jibb, Fore, Fore-top, Main, Main-top,
-Main-top-gallant, Mizon and Mizon Top-mast Stay Sails, Main and
-Main-top Studding Sails.
-
-
-Salvagees
-
-Are made with three flat Strands breeded, or by a small Turn put into
-several Rope Yarns cut into proper Lengths, and are used when a Shroud
-or Back Stay wants setting up, which is done by taking a Turn with
-the Salvagee round the Rope, to which they hook a Tackle Fall, and by
-bousing thereon, brings down the Shrouds or Back Stays to their proper
-Position.
-
-
-Sand
-
-Is used by the Bricklayers for making Mortar, and at the Kilns for
-stoving Plank.
-
-
-Saucers
-
-Are round thick Pieces of Iron, on which the Spindle of the Capstons
-work.
-
-
-Saws
-
- Hack
-
- Are made of Scythes, and jag'd at the Edges, and are for cutting and
- sawing off Bolts.
-
-
- Mill'd
-
- Are used by the Masons to saw Stones.
-
-
- Two hand & Whip
-
- Are allowed to the Carpenters of all Ships that go to Sea, for the
- several Services they are wanted for.
-
-
-Scale
-
-A Mathematical Instrument, consisting of one or more Lines drawn on
-Wood, Metal, or other Matter, divided into unequal Parts; of great
-Use in laying down Distances in Proportion, or in measuring Distances
-already laid down.
-
-
-Scantling
-
-A Measure, Size or Standard, whereby Dimensions of Things are
-determined.
-
-
-Scarfed
-
-Is the same as pieced, fastened, or joined in; thus they say, the Stem
-of a Ship is Scarfed into her Keel, and they imply by it, that the two
-Pieces are so shaped as to join with one another close and even, which
-is called Wood and Wood.
-
-
-Scavel Spitters
-
-Are a small Spade, only shod half Way, and are used for digging Clay.
-
-
-Schoolmaster
-
-No one to be warranted who has not been examined at _Trinity House_,
-and produces a Certificate of his being well skilled in Navigation,
-_&c._ who is to instruct Voluntiers, and other Youths of the Ship; to
-inform against such as are Idle; and not to be paid his Wages without a
-Certificate from the Captain.
-
-
-Scoops
-
-Are for throwing Water out of Boats, Lighters, _&c._
-
-
-Scrapers
-
-Are used for scraping the Ship's Sides, Decks, Boats, _&c._
-
-
-Screw
-
- Plates
-
- To cut Screws.
-
-
- Tapps
-
- To make or cut the Nutts.
-
-
-Screws for Hatches
-
-Are made with a very nice Worm, that works in a Nutt let into a Sort of
-Drum-head, which lifts up or lowers them down to let in or out Water
-into the Docks or Bason.
-
-
-Screws Wood
-
-Are for lifting great Bodies, and are generally placed at the Bow of a
-Ship when to be launched off a Slip, to start her.
-
-
-Scribeing
-
-In Joynery, _&c._ is when one Side of a Piece of Stuff being fitted to
-the Side of some other Piece, which last is not Regular, to make the
-two close together all the Way.
-
-
-Scuppers
-
-Are made of Leather, and laid to convey the Water from off the Ship's
-Decks, for which Holes are cut in the Ship's Sides.
-
-
-Scuttles
-
-Are square Holes big enough for the Body of a Man to go down on
-Occasion into any Room below; also the little Windows or long Holes
-which are cut out in Cabbins to let in Light, are called Scuttles.
-
-
-Sea Gate
-
-When two Ships are aboard one another, by Means of a Wave or Billow,
-then they lie in a Sea Gate.
-
-
-Seams
-
-Are where the Planks of a Ship, or Boards in a Boat meet and join
-together; also Sails are sewed with a flat or round Seam.
-
-
-Sea Yoke
-
-When the Sea is so rough that the Helm cannot be governed by Hand, they
-make a Yoke to steer by, having two Blocks seized to the End of the
-Helm or Tiller, and reeving two Falls through them, they govern the
-Helm.
-
-
-Seizing
-
-Is the same as fastening two Ropes together; or a Block to the End of a
-Tackle or Pendant is called Seizing it.
-
-
-Send
-
-When a Ship either at an Anchor or under Sail, falls with her Head or
-Stern deep into the Trough or hollow of the Sea between two Waves or
-Billows, they say she sends much a-head or a-stern.
-
-
-Serve
-
-To Serve a Rope, is to lay spun Yarn round it with a Serving Mallet,
-which preserves it from wet, fretting or galling in any Place.
-
-Sett
-
-When the Seamen observe on what Point of the Compass the Sun, Land,
-_&c._ bears, they call it, Setting the Sun, or Land by their Compass.
-
-
-Setts for Saws
-
-Are for setting the Teeth when out of Order, so as they may cut with
-the greater Exactness.
-
-
-Settle
-
-When a Deck of a Ship sinks lower than it was, when first laid; is
-called Settling.
-
-
-Sew
-
-When a Ship at low Water comes to be on the Ground to lie dry, they
-say, she is Sewed; and if she be not quite left dry, they say, she Sews
-to such a Part.
-
-
-Shakles
-
-Are those Rings with which the Ports are shut fast, by lashing the
-Port Bar to them. There are also Shakles put on the Bilbow Bolts for
-confining the Men that have been guilty of Faults.
-
-
-Shank-painter
-
-A short Chain fastened under the Fore Shrouds by a Bolt to the Ship's
-Side, having at the other End a Rope spliced to the End of the Chain,
-on which the After-part of the Anchor Rests, when it lies by the Ship's
-Side.
-
-
-Sheer
-
-When a Ship is not steered steadily, then they say she Sheers, or goes
-Sheering, or when at an Anchor she goes in and out by Means of the
-swift running of the Tide.
-
-
-Sheers
-
-Are two Masts or Yards set a-cross at the upper End of one another, and
-are used generally for setting or taking out Ships Masts, where there
-is no Hulk to do that Office.
-
-
-Sheathing
-
-Is casing that Part of a Ship which is to be under Water, with Firr
-Board of an Inch thick, which, by laying Hair and Tar mixed together
-upon the Inside of the Boards, and then nailing them on, is to prevent
-the Worm from eating her Bottom.
-
-
-Sheats
-
-Are Ropes bent to the Clews of the Sails, serving in the lower Sails to
-hawl Aft the Clew of the Sail; but in Top-sails they serve to hawl home
-the Clew of the Sail close to the Yard-Arm.
-
-
-Shifters
-
-Certain Men employed by the Cooks to shift or change the Water in which
-the Flesh or Fish is put and laid for some Time, in order for boiling.
-
-
-Ships
-
-Of War are masted with three Masts and a Bow-sprit, and sailed with
-square Sails.
-
- Advice Boats
-
- Now out of Use, but were formerly fitted with two Masts, and square
- Sails.
-
-
- Belander
-
- Has Rigging and Sails not unlike a Hoy, but is broader and flatter;
- the covering of the Deck is raised up half a Foot higher than the
- Gunwale, between which, and the Deck, there is a Passage left free for
- the Men to walk; are seldom above twenty-four Tun, and can lie nearer
- the Wind than a Vessel with cross Sails can do.
-
-
- Bomb Vessels
-
- Go sometimes with three Masts and square Sails; sometimes Ketch
- fashion, with one and a Mizon.
-
-
- Brigantines
-
- Not now used, but were built light for rowing or sailing, and had two
- Masts and square Sails.
-
-
- Hagboats
-
- Are masted and sailed Ship fashion, but built in Figure after the
- Manner of _Dutch_ Fly Boats.
-
-
- Hoys
-
- Are fitted with one Mast and a Spreet-sail, and sometimes with
- Shoulder of Mutton Sails, whose Yards are not a-cross, but stands Fore
- and Aft like a Mizon, so can lie nearer the Wind.
-
-
- Hulks
-
- They are generally old Ships cut down to the Gun Deck, and fitted
- with a large Wheel for Men to go in when Careening; and has several
- Capstons fixed on the Deck for setting Ships Masts.
-
-
- Ketches
-
- Fitted with two Masts, and their Main-sail and Top-sail stands square
- as Ships do; and their Fore-sail and Jibbs stands as Hoys do.
-
-
- Lighters
-
- Are made use of for laying down or shifting the Moarings; for bringing
- a-shore or carrying off Ships Cables, Anchors, _&c._ or taking in
- Ballast out of Ships that are to be docked, _&c._
-
-
- Pinks
-
- Are masted, and sail with three Masts, Ship fashion, but round
- sterned, with a small Lute or Projection Abaft over the Rother.
-
-
- Punts
-
- Are built four square, and used about the Docks for fetching Clay, and
- other Services as the Master Shipwright wants them for.
-
-
- Shallop
-
- Is a small Light Vessel, with only a small Main and Fore-mast, and
- Lugg-sails to haul up and let down on Occasion.
-
-
- Sloops
-
- Are sailed and masted as Mens Fancies lead them, sometimes with one
- Mast, with two, and with three, with Bermudoes, Shoulder of Mutton,
- Square, Lugg, and Smack Sails; they are in Figure either square or
- round Stern'd.
-
-
- Smacks
-
- Are necessary Transporting Vessels, with one Mast and half Spreet-sail.
-
-
- Yachts
-
- One Mast with an half Spreet or Smack Sail, and sometimes Ketch
- fashion.
-
-
-Shivers
-
-Are those little round Wheels in Blocks in which the Rope runs, they
-turn with the Rope; and the Voyal Blocks have Pieces of Brass in their
-Centers, (which are called Coaks) with Holes in them, into which the
-Iron Pin of the Block goes, and on which they turn. These Shivers are
-of Lignum Vitæ, but those in the Heels of Topmasts, and in great Ships,
-Catheads are generally Brass.
-
-
-Shoal
-
-When a Ship sails towards a Shore, and they find by Sounding the Water
-grows shallow by Degrees; or when a Sail is too deep, and any Canvas is
-cut from its Depth, then they say the Sail is Shoaled.
-
-
-Shoe for an Anchor
-
-Is made of a Piece of Baulk, or thick Stuff, one End cut with a Hole
-for the Bill of the Anchor to go into, and the other with a triangular
-Notch to receive the Stock, which keeps off the Sheats, Tacks, and
-other running Rigging from gauling or being entangled with the Flooks.
-
-
-Shot of a Cable
-
-Is the splicing two or three Cables together, that a Ship may ride safe
-in deep Water, and in great Roads.
-
-
-Shovels
-
-Are allowed the Boatswains for trimming, heaving in or out their
-Ballast, or cleaning the Ship.
-
-
-Shrouds
-
-Are great Ropes in a Ship which come down both Sides of all Masts; they
-are fastened below to the Chains by the Ship's Side with Lanyards, and
-aloft are seized so as to have an Eye, which goes over the Head of the
-Mast; and so are the Pendants and Swifters, they are Parcelled and
-Served, to prevent the Masts gauling them. The Top-mast Shrouds are
-fastened to the Puttock Plates by dead Eyes and Lanyards, as the others
-are; the Terms are, Ease the Shrouds, that is, slacken them; set up the
-Shrouds, that is, set them stiffer.
-
-
-Signals
-
-Are given for the beginning of a Battle, or an Attack at Sea, by
-Cannon, Lights, Sails, Flags, _&c._ in the Day, Night, in a Fog, in
-Distress, or calling Officers on board the Admiral.
-
-
-Sinnet
-
-Is made of Rope Yarn, consisting generally of two, six, or nine
-Threads, which are divided into three Parts, and are platted over one
-another, and then is beaten smooth and flat with a Mallet; is to serve
-the Ropes, that is, to keep them from gauling.
-
-
-Skeets
-
-Are for weting Yachts Sails, or the Ship's Sides in ordinary the Summer
-Season.
-
-
-Skek
-
-Usually called the Skeg, is that little Part of the Keel, which is cut
-slaunting, and is left a little without the Stern Post.
-
-
-Skids
-
-Are wooden Fenders fay'd on the Outside of the Ship, for the
-Conveniency of hoisting in Boats, Provisions, _&c._
-
-
-Skimmers
-
-Made with a round Hoop of Iron, and a Socket for a Pole or Spar to go
-into, as a Handle in the Middle of the Hoop. A Net is made of Rope
-Yarn, not unlike an Oyster Drudge, and they are used by the Scavengers
-for clearing Chips, _&c._ which float on the Surface of the Water, from
-getting into the Joints of the Gates, or into the Drains of the Docks.
-
-
-Slatch
-
-After long foul Weather, if there come a small interval of fair, they
-say, this is a Slatch of fair Weather.
-
-
-Sleepers
-
-Are commonly three Strakes of Foot Waaling thicker than the rest,
-wrought over the Wrungheads.
-
-
-Slices
-
-Are used by the Smiths to clear and keep their Fire together.
-
-
-Slideing Rule
-
-A Mathematical Instrument serving to work Questions in Gauging,
-measuring Timber without the Use of Compasses, merely by the slideing
-of the Parts of the Instrument one by another, the Lines and Divisions
-whereof give the Answer by Inspection.
-
-
-Slings
-
- Boat
-
- Are fixed with Thimbles and Tackle Hooks, which hook into small
- Ringbolts drove in the Stem, Midships and Stern of the Boats, for
- hoisting them in or out of the Ship.
-
-
- Buoy
-
- Are fixed round them, which not only is a Means to defend them from
- being staved, but also the Buoy-ropes are seized to one of their Ends.
-
-
- Butt
- Gun
- Hogshead
-
- Are made use of for hoisting them in or out of the Ship.
-
-
-Snipe Bills
-
-Are a Sort of Hooks used for fastening the Axle-trees of the Chain
-Pumps to the Bitts.
-
-
-Snorters
-
-The Smiths put them on one End of the Beak Iron, to turn any of their
-Work with.
-
-
-Soap
-
-Is used for Paying the Slips to make them slippery, that the Ships,
-when to be launched in their Cradles, or Buildge ways, meet with no
-Obstruction or Stop in their Run.
-
-
-Sodder
-
-Used by the Plumber for soddering of Pipes, Furnace, and Water Cocks,
-_&c._
-
-
-Sounding
-
-Is when the Depth of Water is tryed either by an Inch or three Quarter
-Rope, with a deep Sea Lead at the End of it; is marked at two, three,
-or four Fathom with a Piece of black Leather betwixt the Strands, but
-at five Fathom is marked with a Piece of white Leather or Cloth.
-
-
-Spanshakle
-
-Is a large Clasp of Iron, which goes round the End of the Davit upon
-the Fore-Castle, having a long Bolt, which goes through a Fore-Castle
-Beam, and also Forelocks through an upper Deck Beam in the Midships.
-
-
-Sparrs
- Ft.
- Cant Are from 33 to 35 long 5 Hands } { Wrought into
- } { Booms,
- } {
- Barling 30 28 4 } { Top-gallant-masts,
- } {
- Boom 24 20 3 } { Flag Staffs,
- } { Boats Masts, _&c._
-
- Midling 20 16 } { Delivered } {
- } { into Store. } { For Bowsprits,
- } { } { Boat Hooks,
- Small 16 11 } { Six Score to} { Mop Staves, _&c._
- } { the hundred } {
-
-Spell
-
-Signifies doing any Work for a short Time, and then leaving it.
-Therefore a fresh Spell is when fresh Men come to work; and to give a
-Spell, is all one as to say, Work in such a one's Room.
-
-
-Spiles
-
-Are small Wood Pins, which are drove into the Nail-holes, when a Ship's
-Sheathing is taken off.
-
-
-Spindle
-
-Is the smallest Part of a Ship's Capston; and where the Vane flies at
-the Mast Head, is also called a Spindle, and made of Iron.
-
-
-Spitts
-
-Are allowed the Boatswains, and used for roasting the Officers Victuals.
-
-
-Spirketing
-
-Are Strakes of thick Plank wrought from the lower Edge of each Port to
-each Deck respectively within Side of the Ship.
-
-
-Splice
-
-When the Ends of two Pieces of Cable or Rope are untwisted, and the
-several Strands are wrought into one another by a Fid, it is called a
-Splice.
-
-
-Split
-
-When a Sail is blown to pieces, it is Split.
-
-
-Spooning
-
-When a Ship being under Sail in a Storm at Sea, and cannot bear it, but
-is forced to put before the Wind, then she Spoons.
-
-
-Spring
-
-When a Mast is only crack'd, but not quite broken in any Part of it, as
-in the Partners, Hounds, _&c._ then it is Sprung.
-
-
-Spunyarn
-
-Is made out of Junk, old Cordage, _&c._
-
-
-Spurketts
-
-The Holes or Spaces between the Futtocks or Rungs by the Ship's Sides,
-
-
-Standing-part
-
-Of the Sheat, is that which is made fast to a Ring at the Ship's
-Quarter; when they say over-haul the Sheat, they mean haul upon the
-Standing Part; and the Standing Part of a Tackle is the End of the Rope
-where the Block is seized or fastened.
-
-
-Standing Rigging
-
-Are those Ropes which do not run in any Block, but are set taught, or
-let slack, as occasion serves, as the Shrouds, Stays, Back-stays, _&c._
-
-
-Standards
-
-Are a Sort of Knees fay'd from the Deck to the Sides of the Ship
-within-board, to strengthen her in the same Manner as Knees, but are
-bigger.
-
-
-Stantions
-
- Iron
-
- Are fixed on the Quarters of a Ship, to which the Nettings are
- generally seized; they stand likewise in the Waste, at the Entering
- Place, and in the Tops.
-
-
- Wood
-
- Are those Timbers which being set up Pillarwise, do support and
- strengthen the Decks, _&c._
-
-
-Staples
-
-Are drove into Ships false Keels, Ports, and several other Uses they
-are applicable to.
-
-
-Starboard
-
-The Right Hand Side of a Ship, as Larboard is the Left; thus they say,
-Starboard the Helm, or Helm a Starboard, when he that Conds would have
-the Men at the Helm or Steering Wheel put the Helm to the Right Side of
-the Ship.
-
-
-Stays
-
-Are Ropes made with four Strands and a Heart in the Middle, whose Uses
-are to keep the Masts and Top-masts from falling. To bring a Ship upon
-the Stays, or to Stay her, is in order to her Tacking.
-
-
-Steady
-
-A Word of Command at Sea from him that Conds, to the Men at the Helm or
-Steering Wheel, to keep the Ship Steady in her Course, and not to make
-Angles or Yaws (as they call them) in and out.
-
-
-Steelyards
-
-A Kind of Ballance used for weighing large Anchors, whose Weight are
-found by the Use of one single Weight placed on the Beam, with the
-proper Pea hanging at the End of the Beam.
-
-
-Steer
-
-To guide or govern a Ship by the Helm or Steering Wheel.
-
-
-Steerage
-
-Is always before the Bulk-head of the great Cabbin, and in which the
-Admirals or Captains generally dine.
-
-
-Steeve
-
-The Bowsprit of a Ship Steeves when either stands too upright, and not
-streight enough forward.
-
-
-Stem
-
-A Curve Piece of Timber projecting from the foremost End of the Keel to
-the Height of the Bowsprit, into which the Body of the Ship terminates
-Afore, and all the whooding Ends of the out-board Planks are rabbited.
-
-
-Steps
-
-For Masts, are large Pieces of Timber fay'd cross the Keelson in the
-Hold into which the Heels of the Masts are fitted. And Steps for
-Capstons are fitted on the Decks respectively for their Use; other
-Steps for Ladders are for going from one Deck to another.
-
-
-Stern
-
-Is all that Part of a Ship as is right Aft, and adorned with Sash
-Lights.
-
-
-Stern fasts
-
-Are large Ropes which come out at the Gun-room, or After-Ports of a
-Ship, in order to lash her fast to a Wharf, _&c._
-
-
-Stern Post
-
-A streight Piece of Timber tennanted into the After-End of the Keel,
-with an agreeable Rake or Declination from the Perpendicular; into this
-are all the Transoms scored and bolted, and all the whooding Ends of
-the out-board Plank of the Bottom rabbited; and on this Post hangs the
-Rother.
-
-
-Steward
-
-Is he that acts for the Purser, receives and issues all Provisions out
-to the several Messes of Victuals, _&c._ to the Ship's Company.
-
-
-Stiles
-
-In Carpentry, _&c._ are the upright Pieces which go from the Bottom to
-the Top of the Wainscot.
-
-
-Stirrup
-
-Is an Iron Plate that turns up on each Side of a Ship's Keel, at her
-Fore-foot or Stern, where it is bolted.
-
-
-Stoaked
-
-When the Water in the Bottom of a Ship cannot come to the Well, or pass
-through the Limber-holes, but something Choaks them up, so that the
-Pumps will not work, then they say she is Stoaked.
-
-
-Stocks
-
-A Ship is said to be on the Stocks when building.
-
-
-Stone
-
- Flatner
-
- Is used by the Bricklayers for bringing up the Foundations of Houses,
- _&c._
-
-
- Grind
-
- For the Workmen to whet their Tools, _&c._
-
-
- Gun
-
- Is laid in the Bottom of the Dock Dreins.
-
-
- Gutter
-
- Is laid at the Officers Lodgings and Store-houses for carrying off the
- Water.
-
-
- Load
-
- Are used for touching the Needles of Azimuth or Brass Box Compasses.
-
-
- Marble
-
- Is brought from _Plymouth_, and burnt in the Kiln to make Lime.
-
-
- Paving Smooth
-
- Laid at the Bottoms of Cellars, Kitchens, and Courts of the Officers
- Houses, _&c._
-
-
- Portland Block
-
- Is used at, and for the Service of the Stone Docks.
-
-
- Rub
-
- Are for the House Carpenters and Joyners to whet their Tools on.
-
-
-Stools
-
-The Ship's Poop and Top Lanterns stand on them, which are supported by
-the Cranks.
-
-
-Stopper
-
-Is a Piece of Cable-laid Rope, having a Whale Knot at one End, with a
-Lanyard fastened to it, and the other End is spliced round a Thimble
-in the Ring-bolts upon Deck, and at the Bitts; its Use is to stop the
-Cable, that it do not run out too fast; they take Turns with the
-Lanyard about the Cable, and the Whale Knot stops it, so that it cannot
-slip away faster than is necessary.
-
-
-Stoves
-
-Are square Boxes made of Plank filled with Bricks, and when fitted with
-an Iron Ring and small Bars, are for burning Charcoal, in order for the
-Cook to dress the Admiral's or Captain's Victuals on.
-
-
-Strakes
-
-Are the uniform Ranges of Planks on the Bottom, Decks and Sides of the
-Ships, and the Garboard is that which is next the Keel.
-
-
-Strap
-
-Is a Rope spliced about any Block, or made with an Eye to fasten it any
-where on Occasion.
-
-
-Stream
-
-When a Ship would only stop a Tide in fair Weather and smooth Water,
-they generally ride only by their Stream Anchor.
-
-
-Streight
-
-A narrow Sea Passage between two Lands.
-
-
-Stretch
-
-When a Ship with all her Sails drawing, steers out of a Road where she
-has lain at an Anchor, then they say she is stretching away for Sea.
-
-
-Strike
-
-A Word variously used. When a Ship in Fight, or on meeting with a Man
-of War, lets down or lowers her Topsails at least half Mast high, she
-Strikes, meaning, she yields or submits, or pays her Devoir to the Man
-of War she passes by. When a Ship touches Ground in Shoal Water, they
-say, she Strikes. When any Topmast is to be taken down, the Word is,
-Strike the Topmast. And when any Thing is let or lowered down into the
-Hold, they call it Striking down into the Hold.
-
-
-String
-
-Is that strake of Plank within Side of the Ship that is wrought over
-the upper Deck Ports in the Wast.
-
-
-Surge
-
-When heaving at the Capston, if the Cable, Voyal, or Messenger happen
-to slip a little, they call it Surging.
-
-
-Swabber
-
-Is to see that the Ship's Decks are kept neat and clean.
-
-
-SwallowTails
-
-Are Bolts forged at one End not unlike a Bird's Tail, sharpened and
-hardened; are used in breaking up old Ships, for cutting off the
-Tree-nails and Bolts after they are almost sawed through with a Hack
-Saw; then they put the Swallow Tail thereon, which clips the Bolt,
-and by driving it with a Maul, cuts and separates the same. As also a
-strong forked fastening together two Pieces of Timber.
-
-
-Sweep
-
-When the Mold of a Ship begins to compass in at the Rung-heads, they
-call it the Sweep of her; as they do when a Hawser is dragged along the
-Ground at the Bottom of the Sea, to recover any Thing that is sunk,
-Sweeping for it.
-
-
-Swifters
-
-Are esteemed a Part of the Gang of Fore and Main Shrouds, (where they
-have odd ones) and of the same Size which are for succouring those
-Masts.
-
-
-Swifting
-
-A Boat, is compassing her Gunwale round with a good Rope. A Ship is
-either bringing her a-ground, or on a Carreen; and the Capston Bars,
-is straining a Rope all round the outer Ends of them, to prevent their
-flying out of the Drum-head.
-
-
-Swivels
-
-Are made use of at the Moarings in Harbour, to which the Cables and
-Bridles are bent, that the Ships may swing round either upon Tide of
-Ebb or Flood.
-
-
-Tables
-
- Deal
-
- Are allowed the Warrant Officers for their Cabbins.
-
-
- Wainscot
-
- Allowed the Admirals and Commanders for their Cabbins, _&c._
-
-
-Tack about
-
-When a Ship's Head is to be brought about so as to lie a contrary Way.
-
-
-Tacks
-
-Are Ropes Cable-laid tapering, having a Whale Knot at one End, which
-is seized or fastened into the Clew of the Sail, reeved through the
-Chess-trees, and then brought through a Hole in the Ship's Side; its
-Use is to carry forward the Clew of the Sail, to make it stand close
-by a Wind; and whenever the Sails are thus trimmed, the Fore and Main
-Tacks are brought close by the Board, and hauled as forward on as they
-can be, and are usually belayed to the Bitts or a Kevel to fasten them.
-
-
-Tackles
-
-In a Ship, are Ropes running in three or four Parts, having at one
-End a Pendant with a Block fastened to it, and also a Tackle Hook for
-heaving any Thing in or out of the Ship.
-
-
-Taffarel
-
-Is the uppermost Part of a Ship's Stern Abaft, and always carved.
-
-
-Tallow
-
-Is for Paying Ship's Bottoms, and also allowed to the Boatswains and
-Carpenters for several Uses it is proper for.
-
-
-Tarr
-
-Is used for Tarring white Yarn at the Rope Yard, by the Riggers, and
-Boatswains for Ships Rigging, and for Tarpawlings, Paying Ships Sides,
-Weather Boards, _&c._
-
-
-Tarras
-
-Used by the Masons in the Stone Work of the Docks, and for pointing or
-repairing the Joints, which from Time to Time stand in Need of Repair.
-
-
-Tarpawling
-
-Is a Piece of Canvas well Tarr'd over, to lay on the Hatches,
-Grateings, or any Place to keep off Rain.
-
-
-Taught
-
-Is the same as setting the Rope stiff or fast, they say, Set Taught the
-Shrouds, Stays, or any other Ropes, which are too slack and loose.
-
-
-Taunt
-
-When the Masts of a Ship are too tall, they say, She is Taunt masted.
-
-
-Tier
-
-The several Ranks of Guns placed on the Decks are called the Lower,
-Middle, or Upper Tier.
-
-
-Tender
-
-Is a small Vessel taken up on Contract for attending the Men of War,
-and employed for pressing Seamen, _&c._
-
-
-Thauts
-
-Are for the Men which row the Boats to sit on.
-
-
-Thimbles
-
-Are a Sort of round Rings, whose Edges are turned up, and the Ropes go
-round in the hollow Part of the Outside of them when they are seized,
-in order to prevent the Tackle Hook from galling the Rope.
-
-
-Thoals
-
-Are those Pins in the Gunwale of a Boat, between which the Men put
-their Oars when they row.
-
-
-Thrums
-
-Are allowed the Boatswains and Carpenters to make Mops; and also to the
-Master Caulker for Mops to Pay the Ships Bottoms.
-
-
-Thwart Ship
-
-Is across the Ship.
-
-
-Tides
-
-Two periodical Motions of the Waters of the Sea, called the Flux and
-Reflux, or the Ebb and Flow.
-
-
-Ties
-
-Or Runners, are those Ropes by which the Yards hang, and they with the
-Halyards carry or hoist the Yards up.
-
-
-Tiller
-
-The very same with the Helm of a Ship, and are also used in small Ships
-and Boats for Steering them.
-
-
-Tiller for Saws
-
-Are Handles for Whip Saws.
-
-
-Timber
-
- Ash
-
- Is used by the Master House Carpenter in Wheelwright Work.
-
-
- Beech
-
- Is used for Ways at the Bottom of the Dock, and sometimes cut into
- Keel-pieces.
-
-
- Elm
-
- Is used for making Drumheads, for Capstons, Ships Caps, Keel-pieces,
- Lyons, Tafferels, _&c._
-
-
- Firr
-
- Is used for making Davits, by the House Carpenters for Girders, and
- such like large Uses in Building.
-
-
- Oak Compass
-
- Is used by the Shipwrights, and converted for the Compassing Timbers
- of a Ship.
-
-
- Streight
-
- Is used by the Shipwrights for Beams on board a Ship, and for other
- Services that it is requisite to be used on, and also by the House
- Carpenter in his Way of building.
-
-
-Timbers
-
-Are those which Form the Body of a Ship, as Floor Timbers, Futtocks,
-_&c._
-
-
-Timbers Top
-
-Are the upper Timbers in the Frame of a Ship, forming her Sides, _&c._
-
-
-Tin Plates
-
- Double
- Single
-
- Are used for lining the Bread, Cook, and Powder Rooms of Ships,
- covering the Tops of their Galleries, and for fining Oars, _&c._
-
-
-Tight
-
-When a Ship lets in but very little Water, she is Tight, which is known
-by the Smell o£ that pumped out, for if she lets in but little, it will
-always stink, otherwise not.
-
-
-Tire Cable
-
-The Row in the Middle of the Coiled Cable.
-
-
-Toggle
-
-A short Piece of Wood made tapering at each End, having a Score cut
-in the Middle of it, where a Rope is usually fastened, and when put
-through the Bite of another, there is no Occasion of seizing them
-together.
-
-
-Top
-
-Is a round Frame of Boards which lie upon the Cross-trees, near the
-Head of the standing Masts.
-
-
-Top Armours
-
-Are cut out of red Kersey, and tabled round with Canvas, hung about the
-Top for Show, and also cover the Men which are in the Tops in a Fight.
-
-
-Tops Laying
-
-Are used by the Rope-makers; those made with three Scores are for
-closing three Strand Ropes, and those with four are for Stays, and
-has a Hole bored in their Center, through which the Heart of the Stay
-passes.
-
-
-Tools
-
- Bolt
-
- To make Saucer Head Bolts in.
-
-
- Nail
-
- To Head Nails in.
-
-
-Thread
-
-Is for making, altering, and repairing Colours in Store, or on board
-the Ship.
-
-
-Tow
-
-Whatever is drawn after a Boat or Ship with a Rope, _&c._ is said to be
-Towed.
-
-
-Trail-board
-
-Is a carved Board let into, or nailed on the Knee of the Head, just
-below the Lyon.
-
-
-Transoms
-
-Are large Pieces of Timber forming the Buttock, or After-part of the
-Ship on both Sides; they are transversely situate on the Post, and in
-the Middle bolted to it; their Ends are fastened to the After-Timbers
-on each Side respectively, called Fashion Pieces; they are denominated
-severally according to their Elevations, as Wing Transoms, Deck
-Transoms, Transoms under the Deck, _&c._ All which, as Post Transoms,
-and Fashion Pieces, being framed together, is commonly called the Stern
-Frame.
-
-
-Traverse
-
-A Ship when she makes Angles in and out, and cannot keep directly to
-her true Course, is called a Traverse. In Navigation, is the Variation
-of the Ship's Course, upon shifting of Winds, _&c._ And a Traverse
-Board, is a little round Board which hangs up, and bored full of Holes
-upon Lines, shewing the Points of the Compass upon it; by moving a
-little Peg from Hole to Hole, the Men at the Helm or Steering Wheel
-keeps an Account how many Glasses (that is, Half Hours) the Ship Steers
-upon any Point.
-
-
-Treenails
-
-Are long Pins of Wood, whence they are called Tree-nails, made out of
-Oak, to fasten the Planks to the Timbers, and are always Caulked with
-Ocham to prevent any Leak.
-
-
-Tressle trees
-
-Are those Timbers that stand Fore and Aft at the Mast-head, for the
-Tops to lie on.
-
-
-Tressle
-
-A wooden Frame to bear up Tables, Deals, Scaffolds, _&c._
-
-
-Triangles
-
-Are made out of large Spars, having their lower Ends ferrilled with a
-Ring, and a Spud drove into them, which runs into the Ground to steddy
-them; their upper End has a Bolt that goes through the three Parts,
-where a Staple is fixed for hanging a Scale Beam, when they are made
-use of for weighing Stores without Doors, as are received or delivered
-into the Yard.
-
-
-Trip
-
-A Ship goes with her Topsails a Trip she carries them hoisted up to the
-highest, and when the Wind blows not too hard.
-
-
-Trim
-
-Of a Ship, is her best Posture, with respect to her Proportion of
-Ballast, the standing of her Masts, _&c._ for Sailing, and the best
-Way to make her Sail well, and to find her Trim, depends very much on
-Experience and Judgment.
-
-
-Trise
-
-For hauling up any Thing by a single Rope, that do not run in a Block,
-but is done by Hand or main Strength. Thus if any Cask, Chest, or other
-Goods hath only a Rope fastened to it, and without a Tackle is pulled
-up into the Ship by Hand, it is Trised up.
-
-
-Trivets
-
-Are used by the Caulkers for large Kettles to stand on for heating
-Stuff when Paying Ships.
-
-
-Trough
-
-Is the Hollow or Cavity made between any two Waves or Billows in a
-rowling Sea.
-
-
-Trucks
-
- Acorn
-
- Are put on the End or Top of the Vane Spindle at the Mast-head.
-
-
- Flaggstaff
-
- Are put on the Ends of them, and also on the Ensign and Jack Staffs.
-
-
- Parrel
-
- The Rope is reeved through them, and are placed between the Ribs of
- the Parrel.
-
-
- Seizing
-
- Are made fast to the Shrouds for the Running Rigging to go through.
-
-
-Truss
-
-Is a Tackle fastened to the Parrel at the Yard, which binds it fast
-when the Ship rowls, lying either a-hull or at an Anchor, and the Fore,
-Main, and Mizon Yards have them.
-
-
-Try
-
-A Ship is said to Try, when she hath no more Sails abroad but her Main
-Course, when her Tacks are close aboard, the Bowlings set up, and the
-Sheats hauled close Aft, or when, the Helm or Steering Wheel is so
-fastened as to prevent their having any Power of the Tiller, so as she
-is let lie in the Sea, and sometimes when it blows so hard that she
-cannot bear her Main Course, they make her lie a-Try, under her Mizon
-only.
-
-
-Tuck
-
-Is when a Ship is not round Buttock'd, as commonly _English_ Ships are,
-(Sixth Rates lately excepted) under the Wing Transom, they say she
-is Square Tuck't. _Dutch_ Men of War, and their Merchant Ships, are
-generally built with square Tucks.
-
-
-Tue Iron
-
-Are for the Smith's Bellows to blow through.
-
-
-Turpentine
-
-Is used for Paying Ships Sides, Masts, Boats, _&c._
-
-
-Twine
-
- Sail
-
- Is used by the Sail-makers for making and repairing Sails; allowed the
- Boatswains for repairing the Sails when they want at Sea, for whiping
- Ropes, and such like Uses.
-
-
- Mark
-
- Is put into all Cordage, from three Inches downwards, as the King's
- Mark.
-
-
-Tiles
-
-Are used by the bricklayers on the Roofs of Lodgings, Storehouses, _&c._
-
-
-Tyminoguy
-
-A Rope, one End nailed to the Outside of the Stock of an Anchor, stowed
-at the Bow, and the other fastened or belayed to the Ship's Sides
-on the Fore-Castle; its Use is for preventing the Fore-Sheats (when
-getting under Sail) droping down between the Anchor Stock and Ship's
-Side.
-
-
-Veer
-
-Veering out a Rope, is letting it go by Hand, or letting it run out
-of its self. Thus they Veer more Cable, that is, Let more Cable run
-out; but this Word is not used for the letting out of any Running Rope
-except the Sheat, but of that they say, Veer more Sheat, that is,
-Let more of it run out. The Word Veer is also used in Reference to
-the Wind, for when it changeth often and suddenly, they say The Wind
-Veereth.
-
-
-Vice
-
-There are two Sorts, Bench and Hand; the former are fixed to a Bench in
-the Smith's Shop, and used by them for holding fast their Work, when
-to be filed or cleaned, as the other is (being small) held in the Hand
-when made use of.
-
-
-Viol
-
-A Cable-laid Rope, which being reeved through a large Block lashed at
-the Main-mast, is made use of by heaving at the Jeer Capston to weigh
-the Anchor when Nippers are brought on about the Cable.
-
-
-Vinegar
-
-Is allowed for washing the Ships between Decks when abroad, for
-preventing any Contagion spreading among the Men.
-
-
-Umbrello's
-
-Are Screens hung at the Stern over the Ship's Lights, to keep out the
-Sun, and are generally covered with Canvas or Kersey.
-
-
-Unmoar
-
-When a Ship or Vessel that Rides at two Anchors begins to get them up
-in order to Sail, she is Unmoaring.
-
-
-Uphroes
-
-Are a Kind of Spar brought from _Norway_, from thirty two Feet to
-twenty eight Feet long, and four Inches by three and an half square at
-the Top End.
-
-
-Waals
-
-Are those protuberant Strakes of Plank (or thick Stuff) wrought thicker
-than the Rest on the Sides of a Ship, the Appearance of which gives her
-Sheer, that is, the beautiful Rising they commonly have Fore and Aft
-above Water.
-
-
-Waft
-
-To make a Waft is to hoist up an Ensign rowled up to the Top of the
-Staff, as a Sign for the Men to come on board, or that a Ship is in
-Danger by a Leak, _&c._ and therefore wants Help from the Shore, or
-from some other Ship.
-
-
-Wake
-
-Is the smooth Water that runs from a Ship's Stern when under Sail, and
-by it a good Guess may be made of the Speed she makes. Also when one
-Ship giving Chace to another, is got as far into the Wind as she, and
-sails directly after her, they say, She has got into her Wake.
-
-
-Wale Rear'd
-
-Not Ship shape, but built right up after she comes to her Bearing.
-
-
-Walt
-
-A Ship is Walt when she hath not her due Ballast, that is, not enough
-to enable her to bear her Sails.
-
-
-Warp
-
-Is to haul or transport a Ship by a Cablet or Hawser (proper for that
-Purpose) bent to an Anchor or a Buoy; it is used when a Wind is wanting
-to carry her into or out of an Harbour, or to Moarings, and this is
-termed Warping; and the Cablet or Hawser used on this Occasion is
-called a Warp.
-
-
-Wast
-
-The Ship's Sides between the Quarter Deck and Fore-castle is commonly
-called so.
-
-
- Boards
-
- Are sometimes set upon the Sides of a Boat, to keep the Sea from
- breaking into her.
-
-
- Cloths
-
- Is Kersey, tabled with Canvas, and hung round the Wast, Quarter Deck,
- and Poop of a Ship for Ornament.
-
-
- Trees
-
- In small Ships only, are the same as Ruff Trees.
-
-
-Watch
-
-Signifies the Space of four Hours, because half of the Ship's Company
-Watch and do Duty in their Turns, so long at a Time, who are divided
-into two Parts, the Larboard, and the Starboard Watch.
-
-
-Water-born
-
-Is when a Ship, even and just with the Ground, first begins to float or
-swim, being born up by the Water.
-
-
-Water Line
-
-Is that which goes round the Ship at the Surface of the Water, and
-shews the true Shape of her Body.
-
-
-Water Shot
-
-Is a Sort of riding at Anchor, when a Ship is moared neither a-cross
-the Tide, nor right up and down, but betwixt both.
-
-
-Water ways
-
-Is that Strake of Plank on the Flat of each Deck respectively next the
-Ship's Side, for turning the Water out of the Seams.
-
-
-Way of a Ship
-
-Is sometimes the same with the Rake or Run of her Fore and Aft; but
-is mostly used as to her Sailing, for when she goes apace, they say,
-She makes good or fresh Way. And because most Ships are apt to fall
-a little to Leeward of their Course, they always in casting up the
-Logboard allow something for her Leeway, which is one Point or more,
-according to her Sailing.
-
-
-Weather Coyl
-
-When a Ship being a-hull, has her Head brought about so as to lie that
-Way which her Stern did before, without loosing of any Sail, but only
-by bearing up of the Helm, this is called Weather Coyling of her.
-
-
-Weather Gage
-
-That Ship is said to have the Weather Gage of another, when she is to
-Windward of her.
-
-
-Weathering
-
-A doubling or getting to Windward of a Point or Place.
-
-
-Wedges Iron
-
-Are for splitting Wood.
-
-
-Wedges Wood
-
-Are made out of Beech or Elm for splitting Wood, or to be put between
-the Wrain Staves and Ships Sides for setting too of Planks, and for
-barring in of Ports, _&c._
-
-
-Weighing
-
-Is drawing up an Anchor out of the Ground, in order to set Sail.
-
-
-Welding
-
-When the Smiths give their Iron a proper Heat in the Forge, in order to
-double up the same when wanted to weld a Work in the Doublings, so as
-to be in one Piece thick enough for the Purpose it is wanted for.
-
-
-Well
-
-A square Place, parted off and planked round the Main-mast from the
-Gundeck down to the Foot-waaling, to keep the Ballast, _&c._ from the
-Pumps placed therein.
-
-
-Whale-knot
-
-Is a round Knot or Knob made with three Strands of a Rope at one End of
-the Tacks, Topsail Sheats and Stoppers, so that they cannot slip.
-
-
-Wheels Steering
-
-Are placed on the Quarter Deck, fixed to an Axis, round which go the
-Wheelrope, which is made fast to the Tiller in the Gun-Room, it passes
-through Blocks at the Side, and from thence comes up to the Wheel in
-the Midships.
-
-
-Whelps
-
-Are those Brackets set Edge ways upon the Barrel of a Capston, which
-give the Sweep to it, and are so contrived that a Voyal or Cable
-brought about them may not surge so much as it would do, if the Body of
-the Capston was quite round and smooth.
-
-
-Whipstaff
-
-Is fastened into the Helm, for him that Steers to hold in his Hand,
-thereby to move the Helm and Steer the Ship: It goes through the Rowl,
-and made fast to the Tiller with a Ring.
-
-
-Whirles
-
-Used by the Rope-makers when either laying small Cordage, or spinning
-Yarn, and are placed in the Heads of the Wheels and Works in Brasses
-fixed therein.
-
-
-Whoodings
-
-Are the Ends of the Bottom Planks at the Extremities of the Ship,
-rabbited into the Stem Afore, and into the Post Abaft.
-
-
-Winches Iron
-
-Are Handles for turning round Grindstones, Wheels of Chain Pumps, _&c._
-
-
-Wind
-
-Bringing a Ship's Head about, is called Winding of her, and when rides
-at an Anchor, she is said to wind up. Also when she is under Sail, they
-use to enquire, How she Winds, that is, which way she lies with her
-Head; so, to Wind the Boat, is to turn her Head about.
-
-
-Wind Taught
-
-Implying as much as stiff in the Wind, for a Thing is Taught, when
-it is stiff. Thus too much Rigging over Head, or any Thing holding
-Wind Aloft, is said to hold a Ship Wind Taught; by which is meant,
-she stoops too much in her Sailing in a stiff Gale of Wind. So also,
-when a Ship rides in Stress of Wind and Weather, they strike down her
-Topmasts, which holds too much Wind, or be Wind Taught.
-
-
-Winding Tackle Pendant
-
-Is a Cable-laid Rope brought about the Head of the Mast, having a
-treble Block with three Shivers in it, seized fast to the End, through
-which and a double Block, the Fall is reeved, so brought to the Capston
-by a Snatch Block, whereby the Guns, or any other heavy Stores, are
-hoisted in or out.
-
-
-Windlass
-
-Is a Piece of Timber having six or eight Squares, and is fixed thwart
-Ship Abaft the Forecastle; in small Ships, Hoys, _&c._ this Windlass
-will Purchase as much as a Capston in weighing of an Anchor, and
-without any Danger to those that heave, because they heave here about
-with Handspikes, put into several Holes made in the Windlass, of which
-though one should happen to break, yet would the Windlass paul of
-itself, without any further Danger.
-
-
-Wind sails
-
-Are used for drawing fresh Air into the Holds of Ships, by cooling
-every Part, which contributes towards preserving them from Decay.
-
-
-Wood Hard
-
- Live Oak
-
- Is for making Reeming Beetles and Coggs for the Wheels, used for
- working the Chain Pumps which throws the Water out of the Docks.
-
-
- Lignum Vitæ
-
- Is used for making Shivers and Pins for Blocks.
-
-
-Wood & Wood
-
-Are two Pieces of Timber nicely let in or fay'd to each other, that the
-Wood of one joyns close to the other.
-
-
-Wood Faggots
-
-Are used in heating the Kilns for stoving Plank, and also the Oven
-where the Sail-makers stove the Bolt-ropes.
-
-
-Woodmeil
-
-A hairy coarse Stuff made of Island Wool, and supplied to the
-Carpenters of Ships at some of his Majesty's Yards for lining of Ports,
-_&c._
-
-
-Woolding
-
-Signifies the winding of Ropes at certain Distances about a Mast, in
-order to strengthen it.
-
-
-Woolers
-
- Double Hand
- Single Hand
-
- Used at the Rope Yard, and the Men that work with them, are a great
- Help to those that heave at the Hooks in laying or closing Cables.
-
-
-Worming
-
-Is twice-laid Cordage, and used for Worming Stays, Shrouds, _&c._ which
-is laid betwixt the Strands, in order to strengthen or succour them, or
-for making Netings on the Quarters, Wast, and Tops of Ships for Shelter
-to the Men when in Action.
-
-
-Wrain Staves
-
-Are a Sort of thick Billets, tapered so at each End that they may go
-into the Ring of the Wrain Bolt, and are for bringing too Planks or
-thick Stuff to the Compassing Parts of a Ship's Side, _&c._
-
-
-Wreck
-
-Is when a Ship is drove ashore in a Storm, or Perishes on the Sea, and
-no Man escapes alive out of her.
-
-
-Yards
-
- [Illustration: 1^{st} Rates Main
- Main-top Proportionably Drawn
- Main topgall^t]
-
-_New England_ are wrought in eight squares in the Middle, and from
-thence in their several Quarters are tapered to the Ends in sixteen
-Squares, and received by the Inches in Diameter they are in the Slings;
-the Top and Top-gallant are generally made out of _Gottenbro'_ or
-_Norway_ Masts, all which are made of suitable Dimensions in Diameter
-and Length for their proper Sails to be bent to them, which are hoisted
-up and lowered down by the Jeers, Halyards, Lifts, _&c._
-
-
-Yare
-
-Is a Sea Word for Nimble, Ready, Quick, or Expeditious.
-
-
-Yarn
-
-That which the Rope-makers spin out of the Hemp for making Cordage, is
-called Yarn; and when Four hundred Threads are warped off the Winches,
-and a slight Turn is put into it, it is called a Hall, in order to be
-Tarred, which is done by four Men running in a large Wheel, that draws
-it through a Furnace of boiling Tar, and is pressed so very dry by a
-Nipper, that it will not soil one's Hand.
-
-
-Yawes
-
-A Ship makes Yawes, when through the Fault of him at the Helm or
-Steering Wheel she is not kept steady in her Course, but makes Angles
-in and out.
-
-
-
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
-Transcriber's note:
-
-Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected. All other
-hyphenation, spelling and punctuation remains unchanged, except where
-noted below.
-
-The errata have been implemented.
-
-Words are often conjoined in the original, apparently to save space.
-This has been corrected.
-
-The illustration within the paragraph under Hooks has been reproduced
-approximately. The vertical should slope to the right. Many entries are
-accompanied by an illustration without captions. These have not been
-indicated, but the captions of the entries for Masts and Sparrs are
-included.
-
-
-
-***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A NAVAL EXPOSITIOR***
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