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If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - -Title: The Chronicles of Enguerrand de Monstrelet, Vol. 4 of 13 - Containing an account of the cruel civil wars between the - houses of Orleans and Burgundy - -Author: Enguerrand de Monstrelet - -Translator: Thomas Johnes - -Release Date: August 24, 2016 [EBook #52889] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE CHRONICLES OF ENGUERRAND *** - - - - -Produced by Graeme Mackreth and The Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - - - - - - - - - - - THE - - CHRONICLES - - OF - - ENGUERRAND DE MONSTRELET. - - - - -_H. Bryer, Printer, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, London._ - - - - - THE - CHRONICLES - OF - ENGUERRAND DE MONSTRELET; - - CONTAINING - - AN ACCOUNT OF THE CRUEL CIVIL WARS BETWEEN THE HOUSES OF - ORLEANS AND BURGUNDY; - - OF THE POSSESSION OF - PARIS AND NORMANDY BY THE ENGLISH; - - _THEIR EXPULSION THENCE_; - - AND OF OTHER - - MEMORABLE EVENTS THAT HAPPENED IN THE KINGDOM OF FRANCE, - AS WELL AS IN OTHER COUNTRIES. - - _A HISTORY OF FAIR EXAMPLE, AND OF GREAT PROFIT TO THE - FRENCH_, - - _Beginning at the Year_ MCCCC. _where that of Sir JOHN FROISSART - finishes, and ending at the Year_ MCCCCLXVII. _and continued by others - to the Year_ MDXVI. - - - TRANSLATED - BY THOMAS JOHNES, ESQ. - - IN THIRTEEN VOLUMES VOL. IV. - - - LONDON: - PRINTED FOR LONGMAN, HURST, REES, ORME, AND BROWN, PATERNOSTER-ROW; - AND J. WHITE AND CO. FLEET-STREET. - - 1810. - - - - -CONTENTS - -OF - -_THE FOURTH VOLUME_. - - - PAGE - - CHAP. I. - - The chains are taken away from the streets - of Paris. The Parisians are kept in great - subjection. Other royal edicts are proclaimed 1 - - - CHAP. II. - - The duke of Burgundy holds a grand conference - with his nobles in Arras, who - promise to serve him against all his enemies 15 - - - CHAP. III. - - A grand council held, in the king's name at - Paris 17 - - - CHAP. IV. - - The duke of Acquitaine leaves Paris, and - joins the king of France at Senlis. He - marches thence to lay siege to the town of - Compiegne 22 - - - CHAP. V. - - The king of France marches his army from - Compiegne to Soissons, which he besieges - and takes by storm: it is pillaged - and destroyed 26 - - - CHAP. VI. - - The king, after the capture of Soissons, - marches to St Quentin, and thence to Peronne, - to facilitate his entrance into Artois 35 - - - CHAP. VII. - - The duke of Burgundy places garrisons in - different towns and castles. The king - of France marches his army from Peronne - to besiege Bapaume 40 - - - CHAP. VIII. - - The inhabitants of Arras fortify their town - very strongly, and burn and destroy several - handsome edifices which were - around it 46 - - - CHAP. IX. - - Charles king of France, having reduced - Bapaume to his obedience, marches to lay - siege to Arras, and to subject that city to - his power 48 - - - CHAP. X. - - The duke of Brabant and the countess of - Hainault visit the king of France when - before Arras, and negociate a peace for - their brother the duke of Burgundy and - his allies 58 - - - CHAP. XI. - - The treaty of peace concluded at Arras, - which was the fifth, is read in the presence - of the duke of Aquitaine, and - several other princes of the blood-royal, - and the oaths that were taken in consequence 64 - - - CHAP. XII. - - Sigismund of Bohemia is elected emperor - of Germany, and receives the oaths of - the greater part of the lords of that - country 73 - - - CHAP. XIII. - - The death of Ladislaus king of Naples. His - rival king Louis sends the marshal of - France to Naples, and other matters 79 - - - CHAP. XIV. - - The duke of Burgundy, on the king's departure - from before Arras, marches a - force into Burgundy. Other events that - happened at that period 83 - - - CHAP. XV. - - Count Waleran de St Pol marches about six - hundred combatants into the duchy of - Luxembourg. The duke of Acquitaine - goes to Mehun-sur-Yevre 88 - - - CHAP. XVI. - - The earl of Warwick and others from England - attend the council of Constance. - The king of France has solemn obsequies - performed for his brother the duke of - Orleans 91 - - - CHAP. XVII. - - The king and his grand council send forces - to attack the Burgundians. Other events - that happened 95 - - - CHAP. XVIII. - - Ambassadors arrive at Paris from England. - The king of France holds a grand festival. - The peace is every where preserved 99 - - - CHAP. XIX. - - Three Portuguese perform a deed of arms - against three Frenchmen, in the presence - of the king of France. The Portuguese - are vanquished 114 - - - CHAP. XX. - - The peace of Arras solemnly sworn to in - the presence of the king of France. It - is afterwards sworn to in divers other - places 116 - - - CHAP. XXI. - - The commonalty and clergy of Amiens are - assembled to swear to the observance of - the peace of Arras 119 - - - CHAP. XXII. - - The count Waleran de St Pol dies at - Yvoix, in the county of Chiny in Luxembourg. - The princes of the blood go - to Melun, by orders from the queen and - the duke of Acquitaine 121 - - - CHAP. XXIII. - - The king of England assembles a large army - to invade France. Ambassadors sent - him from that country. The answers - they receive 129 - - - CHAP. XXIV. - - The duke of Burgundy sends ambassadors - to the duke of Acquitaine. The answers - they receive. He takes the oath 133 - - - CHAP. XXV. - - Henry king of England makes great preparations - to invade France. He sends - letters to the king of France at Paris 136 - - - CHAP. XXVI. - - The king of England, while at Southampton, - discovers a conspiracy of his nobles - against him. He lays siege to Harfleur, - and wins that town 140 - - - CHAP. XXVII. - - The canons of St Gery in Cambray quarrel - with the inhabitants. The duke of Burgundy, - in consequence, makes war on - Cambray 147 - - - CHAP. XXVIII. - - The king of France collects a great body of - men at arms from all parts of his kingdom - to oppose the English. The summons - he issues on the occasion 152 - - - CHAP. XXIX. - - The king of England makes his entry into - Harfleur. The regulations which he ordained. - He resolves to march to Calais. - The disposition and government of the - French 158 - - - CHAP. XXX. - - The king of France and several of the - princes of the blood royal hold a council - at Rouen, and resolve on fighting the - English 164 - - - CHAP. XXXI. - - The French and English meet in battle on - the plains of Azincourt. The English - gain the victory 172 - - - CHAP. XXXII. - - The names of the princes, and other lords - from divers countries, who perished at - this unfortunate battle, and of those who - were made prisoners 185 - - - CHAP. XXXIII. - - On the departure of the English, many - Frenchmen visit the field of battle to - seek their friends, whom they bury, - and other matters 195 - - - CHAP. XXXIV. - - King Henry embarks at Calais for England, - where he is joyfully received on his late - successes. The count de la Marche goes - to Italy 199 - - - CHAP. XXXV. - - The king of France and his princes are - much grieved on hearing the melancholy - event of the battle of Azincourt. Of - the duke of Burgundy, and other matters 200 - - - CHAP. XXXVI. - - The Parisians and members of the university - of Paris wait on the duke of Acquitaine - to propose certain measures of public - safety. The death of the duke of Acquitaine. - The arrival of the constable in - Paris 205 - - - CHAP. XXXVII. - - The duke of Brittany arrives at Paris. The - duke of Burgundy leaves Lagny sur - Marne. The capture of sir Martelet du - Mesnil and Ferry de Mailly 209 - - - CHAP. XXXVIII. - - The bishop of Arras causes the sentence - that had been pronounced against master - Jean Petit to be revoked. The emperor - of Germany comes to Paris 212 - - - CHAP. XXXIX. - - A heavy tax is laid on the kingdom of - France by the government, to the great - discontent of the Parisians. Events that - happened in consequence of it 218 - - - CHAP. XL. - - The emperor of Germany arrives in London. - The brother to the king of Cyprus comes - to Paris. The death of the duke of - Berry. Many embassies take place between - France and England 224 - - - CHAP. XLI. - - Jennet de Poix and others, by command of - the duke of Burgundy, march secretly to - Saint Denis, and make inroads on different - parts of France 228 - - - CHAP. XLII. - - Lihons, in Santerre, pillaged by many captains - who had taken up arms. The capture - of the castle of Beaumont. The - storming the castle of Neele. And other - matters 230 - - - CHAP. XLIII. - - The duke of Burgundy increases his men - at arms. The marriage of the lord de - la Trimouille. The duke of Clarence - embarks a large army for Harfleur 245 - - - CHAP. XLIV. - - The emperor of Germany and the king of - England come to Calais. Duke John of - Burgundy meets them there. The matters - that were then transacted 247 - - - CHAP. XLV. - - The duke of Burgundy goes to Valenciennes, - in obedience to a summons which - he receives from the dauphin. They - mutually swear friendship to each other 250 - - - CHAP. XLVI. - - Duke William count of Hainault carries his - son-in-law the dauphin to St Quentin, - and thence to Compiegne, where he dies. - The conduct observed on this journey 254 - - - CHAP. XLVII. - - The Neapolitans rebel against their king, - Jacques de la Marche, and make war on - him. They take the queen prisoner. The - consequences that follow 257 - - - CHAP. XLVIII. - - The earl of Dorset, governor of Harfleur, - makes an incursion into the country of - Caux, and is combated by the French. - The emperor creates the count of Savoy - a duke 260 - - - CHAP. XLIX. - - Duke William, count of Hainault, dies at - Bouchain. John of Bavaria declares war - against his niece, daughter to the late - duke William 263 - - - CHAP. L. - - The duke of Burgundy sends letters to many - of the principal towns in France, describing - the state of those who govern - the kingdom 265 - - - CHAP. LI. - - Sir Louis Bourbon, knight, is arrested and - executed. The queen of France is banished - to Blois, and thence to Tours 278 - - - CHAP. LII. - - The commonalty of Rouen put to death - their bailiff, sir Raoul de Gaucourt. - They seize the government of the town. - The arrival of the dauphin at Rouen 280 - - - CHAP. LIII. - - The death of Louis king of Sicily. The - conduct of the leaders of companies. - The overthrow of Raymonnet de la - Guerre. The destruction of the town of - Aumale 285 - - - CHAP. LIV. - - The king's garrison in Peronne carries on a - severe war against the countries attached - to the duke of Burgundy 290 - - - CHAP. LV. - - The duke of Burgundy sends ambassadors - to many of the king's principal towns, - to form alliances with them. The oaths - that were made on the occasion 292 - - - CHAP. LVI. - - King Henry of England returns to France - with a large army, and takes many - towns and fortresses. The council of - Constance, where pope Martin is elected - head of the church 297 - - - CHAP. LVII. - - The lord de Canny is sent by the king of - France ambassador to the duke of Burgundy, - whom he finds at Amiens. The - answer he receives from the duke 300 - - - CHAP. LVIII. - - The lord de Canny, on his return from his - embassy, to Paris, is accused by the royal - council. Orders are issued against the - duke of Burgundy 326 - - - CHAP. LIX. - - The duke of Burgundy continues his march - toward Paris. Several towns and forts - surrender to him, in which he places captains - and governors 329 - - - CHAP. LX. - - The duke of Burgundy crosses the river - Oise with his army at l'Isle-Adam. He - besieges and conquers Beaumont and Pontoise, - whence he removes his quarters to - l'Arbre-Sec 334 - - - CHAP. LXI. - - The duke of Burgundy sends his herald to - the king of France in Paris. The answer - he receives. The siege of Montlehery, - and other matters 344 - - - CHAP. LXII. - - The duke of Burgundy lays siege to Corbeil. - He marches thence to Chartres and - into Touraine, on the summons of the - queen of France, who accompanies him - on his return 355 - - - CHAP. LXIII. - - The queen, on her arrival at Chartres, writes - to several of the principal towns in - France. Some new ordinances are made - for the better government of the kingdom 362 - - - CHAP. LXIV. - - Sir Elyon de Jacqueville is dragged out of - the church of our lady in Chartres by - Hector de Saveuses and his accomplices, - who put him to death 369 - - - CHAP. LXV. - - The duke of Burgundy marches his whole - army to Paris to force an entrance. He - then carries the queen of France to - Troyes, and other events 372 - - - CHAP. LXVI. - - John of Bavaria makes war on the duchess - his niece in Holland. The conquests of - Henry king of England in Normandy 378 - - - CHAP. LXVII. - - Sir James de Harcourt espouses the daughter - of the count de Tancarville. The defeat - of Hector de Saveuses. The constable - lays siege to Senlis 381 - - - CHAP. LXVIII. - - The king of France sends ambassadors to - Montereau-faut-Yonne to treat of a peace - with the queen and the duke of Burgundy. - The inhabitants of Rouen turn to the - Burgundy faction 384 - - - CHAP. LXIX. - - The duke of Burgundy visits the emperor - Sigismund. The count de Charolois - takes the oaths of allegiance to the queen - and his father the duke of Burgundy, - the siege of Senlis is raised by the - Picards 388 - - - - -HERE BEGINNETH - -THE FOURTH VOLUME - -OF THE - -CHRONICLES - -OF - -_ENGUERRAND DE MONSTRELET_. - - - - -CHAP. I. - - THE CHAINS ARE TAKEN AWAY FROM THE STREETS OF PARIS.--THE PARISIANS - ARE KEPT IN GREAT SUBJECTION.--OTHER ROYAL EDICTS ARE PROCLAIMED. - - -When the duke of Burgundy, as has been said, was returned to his own -country, Taneguy du Châtel, who had lately been appointed provost of -Paris, and Remonnet de la Guerre, were commissioned by the dukes of -Berry and of Orleans to take down all the chains that had been affixed -to the different streets and squares in Paris, and carry them to the -bastille of St Antoine and to the castle of the Louvre. They also -seized the arms of the burghers and inhabitants, and carried them to -the said fortresses, riding daily through the streets attended by a -strong force, and followed by cars and carts, which conveyed the arms -and chains to the places appointed for receiving them. There was not, -at that period, any burgher who dared even to carry a quarter-staff. - -The same men at arms kept a very strict watch day and night at the -gates and on the walls, at the expense of the inhabitants, without -attention being paid to their complaints, or placing the smallest -confidence in them. They were consequently very much discontented, -and sore at heart, when they saw how they were treated; and many now -repented that they had put themselves under the government of the -enemies of the duke of Burgundy, but dared not shew it openly. - -In regard to the duke, various edicts were issued against him, charging -him with attempting to seduce the king's subjects from their obedience. -One, addressed to the bailiff of Amiens, was as follows: - -'Charles, by the grace of God, king of France, to the bailiff of -Amiens, or to his lieutenant, health and greeting. - -'Whereas it has come to our knowledge, that John our cousin of -Burgundy, our rebellious and disobedient enemy, has written, and -sent at different times, sealed letters, as well to our good town of -Paris as to many others within our realm, with the intent to seduce -and deceive our subjects, and enable him to accomplish the damnable -enterprise which he lately formed of marching a large army into Paris. -We have, by our letters, expressly commanded, that no one, whatever -may be his rank, should receive any of these letters from the duke of -Burgundy; and should any have been received, that no answer whatever -should be made to them, but that they should be sent to us, or to our -chancellor, to do by them as we shall think expedient. - -'This said duke of Burgundy, continuing his damnable projects, has -lately sent certain letters-patent, sealed with his privy seal, to -our town of Paris, which he has caused to be fixed secretly in the -night-time to the gates of several churches, and in other public -places of the said town, as well as to several others within our -realm, as we have heard, by which he declares that he had marched to -Paris solely with the intention of delivering us and our very dear -and well-beloved son, the duke of Acquitaine, from the bondage in -which he said we were held. The said duke further declared, that he -would never abandon his attempt until he should have restored us and -our dear son to the full enjoyment of our free will and government. -These assertions, and others made by the said duke of Burgundy, are, -thanks to God, groundless, and notoriously false; for neither ourself -nor our dear son have been or are under any subjection whatever, nor -are our honour, our justice, or the state of our government, any way -wounded or diminished,--but ever since the departure of the duke of -Burgundy from Paris we have governed peaceably, freely, without any -hindrance or contradiction. This, however, we were but little able to -do, after the horrible murder committed by this said duke on the person -of our well-beloved brother Louis, duke of Orleans, whose sins may -God pardon! We do now govern, and have governed, our kingdom, since -the departure of the aforesaid duke, according to our pleasure and -the right that belongs to us, and have been constantly obeyed in all -things, humbly and diligently, by all those of our blood and lineage, -like as good relations, vassals and loyal subjects should do to their -king and sovereign lord, excepting alway the duke of Burgundy, who, -contrary to our orders and positive commands, has assembled great -numbers of men at arms and archers, and, like an enemy, has marched -them to the walls of Paris, having in his company many traitors and -murderers, and other criminals against our royal majesty. - -'With such persons, and others who have been banished our realm for -similar crimes, the said duke, persevering in his wickedness, attempted -to enter Paris, to seize on and usurp (all that he has written to the -contrary in his letters notwithstanding) the government of us, of our -eldest son, and of the whole kingdom, and to appropriate to himself the -finances, as he long did to our very great displeasure, and to the loss -of the kingdom, after the said murder by him committed; for the said -Burgundian and his adherents are known to have had and received sixty -hundred thousand francs and upwards,--for which, and various other -causes, more fully explained in our ordinances, we have declared him a -rebel, a violator of the peace, and, consequently, an enemy to us and -to our whole kingdom. - -'Whereas several of our subjects and vassals may perchance be ignorant -of these said things, and therefore not believe them; and because -the said Burgundian, by his written letters, may publish false and -wicked lies as may deceive our said vassals, and prove of the utmost -detriment to us, our kingdom, and to our faithful and loyal subjects: -we being therefore desirous that every person may be fully ascertained -of the truth, and in order to counteract such false and damnable lies, -do thus publicly signify and make known, that the matters which the -said Burgundian has written and published, either by himself or his -adherents, are detestable lies, spread abroad to seduce and deceive our -people, and to enable him to succeed in his damnable design. - -'It is therefore our determination, with the aid of God, to oppose this -duke by every means in our power, and to reduce him, his abettors, -accomplices and adherents, under such subjection as befits vassals who -are disobedient to their lord and sovereign. Such is our will, and we -shall never depart from it. We therefore command and strictly enjoin, -under pain of our displeasure, that you instantly do proclaim, in the -most public manner, these presents in every place within your bailiwick -where such proclamations are usually made, so that no one may plead -ignorance thereof. - -'You will likewise forbid, in our name, all our vassals within your -jurisdiction, on the faith, loyalty and obedience they owe us, and -under pain of being reputed rebels, and suffering the punishments due -to such, henceforward to receive any letters from the said duke of -Burgundy, his adherents or allies. Should any letters be sent them, -we order that they do not open them, nor make any communications -thereof--but that they do bring them sealed up to our trusty and -well-beloved chancellor, for him to do therewith as he may judge -proper. - -'And we, by these presents, do absolutely forbid them, under pain of -the aforesaid penalties, in any way to advise, comfort or support, or -show favour to the said duke of Burgundy, his partisans or allies, that -they may prove themselves faithful and obedient subjects to us, as they -are so bounden; otherwise, they shall be punished like rebels, to serve -for examples to all others. - -'Given at Paris, the 17th day of February, in the year of Grace 1413, -and of our reign the 33d.' Thus signed by the king, on the report of -his grand council, and countersigned 'E. Mauregard.' - -Shortly after, another edict was issued against the duke of Burgundy, -and proclaimed throughout the kingdom at the usual places, the tenour -of which was as follows: - -'Charles, by the grace of God, king of France, to the bailiff of -Amiens, or to his lieutenant, greeting. - -'Whereas it is so notorious to all our subjects that none can pretend -ignorance thereof, that John, our cousin of Burgundy, has lately -advanced to the walls of our good town of Paris, with a large body -of men at arms and archers, contrary to our positive orders, and in -defiance of our will and pleasure, solemnly made known to him, as well -by ambassadors as by sealed letters from us: that he captured the town -of St. Denis, and made of it a bulwark against our city of Paris, -marching thence to the walls of our said city with displayed banners, -and sending his scouts to the gates thereof: that he has seized and -retains the possession of many of our towns by occupying them with a -force of men at arms, more particularly Compiegne and Soissons: that -he has now under his orders a very numerous army within our kingdom, -to our great prejudice and to the oppression of the realm: that he -has published certain declarations, as a colour for this disobedient -and rebellious conduct, which are all of them perfectly false and -malicious, his intention being to attempt gaining admittance, by fair -or foul means, into our good city of Paris, to do his pleasure on us, -our very dear companion the queen, our well-beloved son the duke of -Acquitaine, and on others of our blood and lineage within the said -city, and consequently to regain the whole government of the kingdom, -in like manner as it is notorious he did formerly usurp it, and by his -tyrannical domination caused irreparable injuries to those connected -with us by blood, the inhabitants of the town of Paris, and in general -to the whole kingdom. - -'For these causes, we have branded him, all his adherents, partisans -and allies, as rebels to us and enemies to our kingdom. Fie is now -departed from our town of St. Denis, and we know not what road he -has taken; but we have sent you letters to enjoin you to proclaim -throughout your bailiwick, that none be so daring, under pain of -corporal punishment and confiscation of effects, as to serve or -join him in the army which he has raised; and should there be any -within your jurisdiction who, in defiance of these our orders, shall -have joined the said duke, we order you to seize their persons, and -confiscate their estates which lie within your bailiwick, for our use. - -'Notwithstanding these explicit orders, you have been, as we have -heard, very dilatory and negligent in obeying them, and have paid but -little attention thereto: should this have been the case, we are, and -not without reason, much displeased. We therefore again command, and -most strictly enjoin, on penalty of dismission from your office, that -on the receipt of these presents, you do proclaim them, or cause them -to be proclaimed, in all the accustomed places within your bailiwick, -so that no one, whatever be his rank, may think of joining or serving -the duke of Burgundy, in the army which lie has assembled; and that all -who may have joined him may instantly return to their homes, under pain -of suffering corporal punishment and confiscation of effects. - -And whereas it is notorious, that many persons within your jurisdiction -have joined the duke of Burgundy, and that others are his supporters -and abettors, who, contrary to our pleasure, have murmured and continue -discontented, attempting also to deceive and seduce our people from -their allegiance, and endeavouring, as we have heard, by every possible -means, to advise and comfort the said duke of Burgundy: we therefore -enjoin you, under the penalties aforesaid, to take instant possession -of all their effects, moveable and immoveable, within your district, -and wherever they may be, for us and in our name. You will act in like -manner to all whom you may know to be favourable to the said duke of -Burgundy, and partisans in his abominable and traitorous designs. - -'Nevertheless, if you can lay hands on any of their persons, you will -instantly arrest them wherever they may be, except in sanctuaries, and -immediately inflict such corporal punishment on them as they may have -deserved. Should you not be able to do this, summon them to appear, -under penalty of banishment and confiscation of effects. You will also -command, by proclamation, all who are bound to serve us, to hasten -to join us with as numerous a body of men at arms as possible, that -we may effectually oppose the duke of Burgundy and his accomplices, -reduce them to the obedience they owe us, and punish them according -to their misdeeds, and the tenour of those letters which we have -before addressed to you. Do you be careful to execute punctually and -diligently these our orders, that we may not proceed against you for -disobedience. - -'Given at Paris the 20th day of February, in the year of Grace 1413, -and of our reign the 33d.' Thus signed by the king, on the report -of the grand council held by the queen and the duke of Acquitaine. -Countersigned, 'J. du Châtel.' It was proclaimed in Amiens and its -bailiwick by orders of the bailiff and his deputies on the last day of -February and the following days. - -Letters patent were also sent to the nobles of Artois from the king, -and to those who had attended the duke of Burgundy in his march to -Paris from the bailiwicks of Amiens, Tournay, and the Vermandois; and -to those who had remained at home were sent letters sealed with the -small round seal. The first letters, in the king's name, forbade these -nobles, under pain of the before-mentioned penalties, to accompany, or -to give counsel or aid, to the said duke of Burgundy, and commanded -them to prepare themselves and their horses to serve the king against -this Burgundian and his abettors. By the second, they were ordered to -collect as large a force as they could, and advance to Paris and join -the king there, or wherever else he might be, that he might be enabled -to impugn and humble the duke of Burgundy, his partisans and advisers. - -These letters were forwarded to the bailiff of Amiens by the -chancellor, who sent them, according to orders, to the provostships -and bailiwicks, for the guards in each to deliver them to those within -their districts to whom they were addressed. These guards were to -receive hostages, if possible, and send them to Paris, and they were -to write word what other securities they had obtained. Should they not -receive any, nor letters of acknowledgment, they were also to write -this, that it might be known who had and who had not received these -letters from the king. - -About this time, the bishop of Paris, at the request of the university, -sent to the duke of Burgundy, to know whether he would avow those -arguments which master John Petit had advanced by his desire against -the late duke of Orleans. The duke, in reply, told the messengers, -that he would neither avow nor support the said master John, saving -his just rights. On this answer being carried to Paris, it was ordered -by the bishop and the inquisitor of the faith, that the aforesaid -arguments should be condemned, and publicly burnt in the presence of -the clergy, and of whoever else might choose to witness it. When this -was done, it was proposed that the bones of the said master John Petit -should be sought for in the town of Hêdin, where he had died,--for it -was intended to burn them in the same place where his arguments had -been burnt,--but in the end nothing more was done. - - - - -CHAP. II. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY HOLDS A GRAND CONFERENCE WITH HIS NOBLES IN - ARRAS, WHO PROMISE TO SERVE HIM AGAINST ALL HIS ENEMIES. - - -The duke of Burgundy daily received intelligence that the king and the -duke of Acquitaine were completely turned against him, through the -means of those who then governed. In consequence, he assembled all his -nobles of Artois and Picardy at Arras. On his appearing among them, he -first apologised for having made them wait, saying that he had been -at Paris in obedience to the commands of the duke of Acquitaine, and -again caused to be read the letters which he had received from him. He -added, that he had left large bodies of his men at arms in the towns -of Compiegne and Soissons, at the request of the inhabitants; for they -had learnt that the king, by the advice of his present ministers, was -raising a large force to reconquer these towns. - -He then asked the nobles, whether he might depend on their support. -They replied, that they would cheerfully serve him against all his -enemies, saving the king of France and his children. This they all -promised excepting the lord de Ront, who declared that he would serve -him even against the king of France. - -At this period, there raged an epidemical disorder throughout France -and other countries: it affected the head, and very many died of it, -both old and young. It was called the Coqueluche. - - - - -CHAP. III. - - A GRAND COUNCIL HELD, IN THE KING'S NAME, AT PARIS. - - -On the 2d day of March, in this year, was held a grand council, at -the hôtel of St Pol, in the presence of the queen and the duke of -Acquitaine, (because the king was not then in perfect health,) of -many princes and prelates beside the ordinary members of the council. -The chancellor of France harangued for a considerable time on the -behaviour of the duke of Burgundy, and how he had conducted himself -toward the king and the princes of the blood at many and divers times, -since the death of Louis duke of Orleans: that lately, in defiance of -the commands of the king and the duke of Acquitaine, he had marched -a powerful force of men at arms and archers, with displayed banners, -to the very walls of Paris, committing at the same time irreparable -damages to the kingdom: he had likewise placed garrisons in the towns -of Compiegne and Soissons, who daily made open war on the subjects of -the king, in like manner as our ancient enemies of England would have -done: that since he had thus notoriously broken the peace that had -been agreed to at Auxerre, and confirmed at Pontoise, the chancellor -earnestly demanded those present, on their allegiance, to declare what -measures the king and the duke of Acquitaine should pursue against the -duke of Burgundy. - -This council consisted of the king of Sicily, the dukes of Berry, -Orleans, Bourbon and Bar, the counts d'Alençon, de Vertus, de -Richemont, d'Eu, de Dampmartin, d'Armagnac, de Vendôme, de Marle and de -Touraine; the lord d'Albreth, constable of France, the archbishop of -Sens, and many other prelates, with a considerable number of notable -barons, knights and esquires of the royal council. When they had for -some time deliberated on the chancellor's demand, they replied, by -the mouth of the archbishop of Sens, that the king might legally and -honourably wage war on the duke of Burgundy, considering the manner in -which he had conducted and continued to conduct himself with regard to -him. - -It was then resolved, that the king should raise a large army, and -march in person against the duke and his adherents, to subjugate -them, and reduce their country to obedience. The queen, the duke of -Acquitaine, all the princes, and the whole council, then engaged, and -solemnly swore, on their faith and loyalty, that they would never pay -attention to any letters or embassy from the said duke, until he and -his allies should be destroyed, or at least humbled and reduced to -obedience. - -When the council broke up, clerks were employed to write letters, which -were dispatched to divers countries, and throughout France; and the -king at this time raised a larger army than he had done during his -whole reign,--insomuch, that in a very short time, by the activity of -the said princes, and by the king's summons, a very great multitude of -men at arms were collected round Paris, and in the parts adjacent in -the isle of France. Some of the captains were dispatched with a large -body of men toward the town of Compiegne, which, as I have before -said, was garrisoned by the duke of Burgundy, namely, the lord Charles -d'Albreth, constable of France, sir Hector, bastard of Bourbon, -Remonnet de la Guerre, the lord de Gaucourt and several others,--who, -on their forming the siege, had many and severe skirmishes with those -of the town, as they made frequent sallies night and day, and at the -beginning did them much damage. - -They were, however, often driven back by the besiegers into the town, -which was under the government of sir Hugh de Launay, the lord de -Saint Legier, and his son, the lord Mauroy, Hector Philippe, le bon de -Savouses, the lord de Sorres, knights, Louvelet de Malinghen, and many -other notable men at arms, by orders of the duke of Burgundy. These -captains, to prevent the besiegers from quartering themselves at their -ease, were diligent in harrassing them, and burnt all the suburbs, with -many handsome buildings, as well houses as churches. The besiegers, on -their side, were not idle: they threw two bridges over the river Oise, -to succour each other should there be occasion, and pointed against the -walls and gates two large engines, which annoyed them much. - -The king of France on the Saturday in the holy week, the third of -April, marched out of Paris in a triumphant manner, and with great -state, to the town of Senlis to wait for his army. He there celebrated -the feast of the Resurrection of our LORD JESUS CHRIST. The king and -the duke of Acquitaine wore, on this expedition, the badge and arms of -the count d'Armagnac, laying aside that noble and gallant banner which -he and his royal predecessors had hitherto borne, for the plain white -cross. Many of the great barons, knights, and other loyal servants of -the king and the duke, were much displeased at this, saying, that it -was not becoming the excellence of his royal majesty to bear the arms -of so poor a lord as the count d'Armagnac, particularly as it was for -his own personal quarrel, and within his own realm. This banner, which -was now the cause of such rejoicing, had been given to an ancestor of -the said count, by the decision of a pope, to be borne for ever by him, -and his heirs and successors, as a penalty for certain crimes committed -by his predecessors against the church. - - - - -[A.D. 1414.] - -CHAP. IV. - - THE DUKE OF ACQUITAINE LEAVES PARIS, AND JOINS THE KING OF FRANCE AT - SENLIS.--HE MARCHES THENCE TO LAY SIEGE TO THE TOWN OF COMPIEGNE. - - -At the beginning of this year, namely, on Easter-Monday, the duke of -Acquitaine set out from Paris with a noble company, and went to Senlis, -to join the king his father. The king then departed from Senlis, -attended by many princes and prelates, and a grand assemblage of -chivalry, to fix his quarters at Verberie[1]. The queen and the duchess -of Acquitaine, who had come with the duke from Paris, went to lodge -at Meaux in Brie. The duke of Berry remained behind, as governor of -Paris and the adjacent country. King Louis of Sicily went to Angiers, -and thence returned to Paris, and did not attend the king on this -expedition. - -The king of France, on leaving Verberie, marched toward Compiegne; and -when he had approached near, he sent one of his heralds to the gates of -the town, to announce to those within that the king was coming, that -they might, like loyal subjects, admit him as their lord. The townsmen -made answer, that they would very cheerfully admit him and his son, -the duke of Aquitaine, with their attendants, but no more. The herald -carried this answer to the king, who had lodged himself in a small -house between the town and the forest, and the duke of Acquitaine in -the monastery of Royaulieu. The other princes and captains quartered -themselves as well as they could; and the king's batteries kept -constantly playing against the town, to which they did much damage, -while skirmishes frequently happened between the two parties. One of -them is deserving of notice. When the month of May was near at hand, -sir Hector, bastard of Bourbon, sent to inform the besieged, that on -the first of May he would try their courage. - -On that day, he accordingly mounted his horse, attended by about two -hundred able men at arms and some foot-soldiers, having all May -garlands over their helmets: he led them to the gate of Pierrefons, to -present a May garland to the besieged, as he had promised. The besieged -made a stout resistance, insomuch that it became very serious, and -several were killed and wounded on each side: the bastard of Bourbon -had his horse killed under him, and was in great danger of being made -prisoner or slain. - -While these things were passing, the duke of Burgundy held many -conferences with the Flemings, to persuade them to levy a certain -number of men, that he might raise the siege of Compiegne; but they -refused, all edging that they could not bear arms against the king -of France. The duke of Burgundy, to whom his people in Compiegne had -sent to know if they might expect succours, advised them to make the -best terms they could with the king and the duke of Acquitaine. On -hearing this, they offered to open the gates to the king and his army, -on condition that the troops of the duke of Burgundy should retire -in safety with their effects,--they promising, or their captain for -them, that they would never again oppose the king, or the duke of -Acquitaine, in any town which belonged to them. - -The king consented to pardon the inhabitants, and to receive them again -into favour, without touching their lives or fortunes. - -Thus on Monday, the 8th day of May, at the same time that the troops -of the duke of Burgundy marched out under passports from the king and -the duke of Acquitaine to fix their quarters in Artois, the royal army -marched into Compiegne. - -At this time, Waleran count de St Pol, who still called himself -constable of France, riding from Amiens to his castle of St Pol, had -a severe fall, and broke his leg: the pain was so great that he was -carried to St Pol; but there was a report current, that he pretended -to have been thus sorely hurt in order to be excused from obeying the -king's summons, which had been often repeated to him; and also out of -regard to the duke of Burgundy, whom he saw much distressed, and was -perplexed how to assist him in his quarrel. In like manner, sir James -de Châtillon, lord of Dampierre, styling himself admiral of France, -remained all this season at his castle of Rolaincourt, pretending -to be confined with the gout, which often attacked him, in order to -be excused, like the constable, from serving in the king's army, or -joining the duke of Burgundy, of whose success he was very desirous. -Their dependants, however, who were accustomed to follow them in arms -to war, or at least the greater part of them, joined the duke of -Burgundy and his partisans. This war placed many lords in disagreeable -situations and perplexities; for they knew not well how to steer, with -honour to themselves, between the two parties. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 1: Verberie,--a town in Picardy, on the Oise, three leagues -from Senlis, four from Compiegne.] - - - - -CHAP. V. - - THE KING OF FRANCE MARCHES HIS ARMY FROM COMPIEGNE TO SOISSONS, WHICH - HE BESIEGES AND TAKES BY STORM:--IT IS PILLAGED AND DESTROYED. - - -The king, having reduced the town of Compiegne to his obedience, -departed, on the 5th day of May[2], with his army, to lay siege to the -town of Soissons, of which place the brave Enguerrand de Bournouville -was governor. The van division had before advanced thither, under the -command of the duke of Bar, the count d'Armagnac, Clugnet de Brabant, -calling himself admiral of France, the bastard of Bourbon, sir Aymé de -Sallebruche, and other able captains. - -The inhabitants of Soissons, perceiving that they should be besieged, -acted like to those of Compiegne, in destroying their suburbs, with -many noble buildings, churches and houses. Notwithstanding this, they -were, on the arrival of the royal army, very closely besieged. The -king, on his coming thither, sent to summon the town to surrender -itself to his obedience, otherwise the inhabitants were in the -road to destruction; but in defiance of this, they resolved to -defend themselves against the king's army, in the hope of receiving -reinforcements from their lord and master the duke of Burgundy, who -had promised to succour them by a certain day. - -The king fixed his quarters in the convent of St Jean des Vignes of -the order of St Augustin: the dukes of Acquitaine and of Orleans were -lodged in the abbey of St Quintin, and the other princes and lords in -the best manner they could. With sir Enguerrand within the town, were -sir Collart de Phiennes, Lamon de Launoy, sir Pierre Menau, Gilles -du Plessis, the old lord de Menau, full of years and riches, Guyot -le Bouteiller, with many more warriors from the Boulonois, Artois -and Picardy. There were also full four hundred English soldiers; but -owing to some quarrels, the townsmen and those under the command of -Bournouville, were not on good terms together, by which their strength -was much weakened. - -The king's forces were very diligent in their daily attempts to annoy -the town, by means of bombards, cannon, bricolles, and other engines -of destruction. They were also frequently played off during the night -against the walls and gates, which greatly damaged them in several -places, and harrassed the garrison. At length, on the 21st of May, the -place was vigorously stormed on every side; but before this happened, -some new knights were created, among whom were Louis duke of Bavaria, -the count de Richemont, and the provost of Paris. - -The van division posted on the opposite side, under the command of the -duke of Bar, the count of Armagnac, and Remonnet de la Guerre, made -their attack at the same time; and the princes and leaders urged their -men on with such bravery, that in spite of the obstinate resistance of -the besieged, the king's forces made an entry by a large breach which -had been effected by the engines, and there the combat raged,--for -every inch was disputed with lances, battle-axes and swords, hand to -hand. - -During the storm, the commander of the English forces within the town, -having held a parley with some of his countrymen in the king's army, -caused a gate leading to the river to be cut down, through which the -count d'Armagnac's men rushed, and hoisted, on the highest tower, the -banner of their count; and the greater part of the English suddenly -turned against the townsmen. - -Soon after, the army forced an entrance through the walls, putting -all they met to the sword, inhabitants and garrison indiscriminately. -During this attack, as Enguerrand de Bournouville was riding through -different parts of the town, to encourage his men, he was pursued -through a narrow street which had a chain thrown across it by some -of the men of Remonnet de la Guerre, who pressed on him so much that -he was forced to retreat and attempt to leap over the chain; but, in -so doing, his horse could not clear it, and remained suspended, when -he was made prisoner and led with great joy to Remonnet. The others, -seeing the town was taken, retired to different parts within the gates, -and the towers of the walls,--whence, parleying with their enemies, -they surrendered, on promise of their lives being spared. Those who -defended their posts were slain or made prisoners: in short, including -the townsmen with the duke's garrison, there were that day full twelve -hundred killed or taken. - -In regard to the destruction committed by the king's army in Soissons, -it cannot be estimated; for, after they had plundered all the -inhabitants and their dwellings, they despoiled the churches and -monasteries. They even took and robbed the most part of the sacred -shrines of many bodies of saints, which they stripped of all the -precious stones, gold and silver, together with many other jewels and -holy things appertaining to the aforesaid churches. - -There is not a Christian but would have shuddered at the atrocious -excesses committed by this soldiery in Soissons: married women violated -before their husbands, young damsels in the presence of their parents -and relatives, holy nuns, gentlewomen of all ranks, of whom there were -many in the town: all, or the greater part, were violated against their -wills, and known carnally by divers nobles and others, who after having -satiated their own brutal passions, delivered them over without mercy -to their servants; and there is no remembrance of such disorder and -havoc being done by Christians, considering the many persons of high -rank that were present, and who made no efforts to check them: there -were also many gentlemen in the king's army who had relations in the -town, as well secular as churchmen, but the disorder was not the less -on that account. - -During the storming of the place, several, foreseeing that it must -be taken, thought to save themselves by escaping over the walls to -the river, and swimming across; but the greater part were drowned, as -their bodies were found in divers parts of the stream. Some women of -rank were, however, in this disorder conducted to the quarters of the -king and the duke of Acquitaine by their friends, and thus saved from -suffering the like infamy with others who could not escape from the -place. - -During the siege, sir Hector, bastard of Bourbon, as prudent and -valiant in arms as any of the king's party, while parleying with -Enguerrand de Bournouville, was so grievously wounded in the face -by an arrow that he died; and the duke of Bourbon, who much loved -his brother, conceived, on account of this act, which he thought was -treacherously done, so violent a hatred against Enguerrand, and some -others of the besieged, that he prevailed on the king and council to -have him beheaded, his head placed on a lance, and his body hung by -the shoulders on a gibbet. Many princes and captains, notwithstanding -Enguerrand had been their enemy, were greatly displeased at his death, -and not without cause, for he was at that time renowned as the flower -of the warriors of all France. - -With him were beheaded sir Pierre de Menau, one of the governors of the -town,--and of the inhabitants, master Aussiel Bassuel, advocate, and -four other gentlemen, whose heads were put on lances, and their bodies -hung in the usual manner on the gibbet. - -Master John Titet, a wise and learned advocate, by whom all the -business of the town had until then been managed, was carried with some -others to Laon, and there examined: he was afterwards beheaded, and -hung by the shoulders on a gallows. Fifty-one persons were sent to the -Châtelet prison in Paris, several of whom were beheaded, such as Gilles -du Plessis, knight, and others. - -Very many of the townsmen, english archers, and soldiers of the -garrison were hung on a gibbet without Soissons: others escaped death -by ransoming themselves, namely, the old lord de Menau, sir Colart de -Phiennes, Lamon de Launoy, Guyot le Bouteiller, and great numbers of -gentlemen. Those who had taken them allowed them their liberty, on -their promising to send the amount of their ransoms by a certain day, -so that the king's justice might not be inflicted upon them. - -After some days had passed, the king caused to be restored, by some of -the pillagers, the bones of many bodies of saints, and divers relics; -but all the gold and jewels that had adorned them were gone; and even -in this state, many were forced to buy them back for large sums, when -they were replaced in the churches from which they had been stolen. - -Thus was this grand and noble city of Soissons, strong from its -situation, walls and towers, full of wealth, and embellished with fine -churches and holy relics, totally ruined and destroyed by the army of -king Charles and of the princes who accompanied him. The king, however, -before his departure, gave orders for its rebuilding, and appointed -new officers for the defence and support of it,--who, when the army -had marched away, recalled as many as possible of the inhabitants who -had fled before it was taken. The king also granted a total abolition -of taxes, excepting, nevertheless, those who had been principally -instrumental in admitting the Burgundians within their town. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 2: Monstrelet mentions in the preceding chapter, that the -king of France made his public entry into Compiegne on the 8th day of -May.] - - - - -CHAP. VI. - - THE KING, AFTER THE CAPTURE OF SOISSONS, MARCHES TO ST QUENTIN, AND - THENCE TO PERONNE, TO FACILITATE HIS ENTRANCE INTO ARTOIS. - - -Having done these things at Soissons, the king departed, and went to -the town of Laon, where he was magnificently and joyfully received by -the clergy, burghers and inhabitants of that town. Shortly after his -arrival, Philip count de Nevers, baron de Donsy of the royal lineage, -and brother to the duke of Burgundy, came thither under the protection -of a passport from the king, and was lodged by the royal harbingers, -in the abbey of Saint Martin des Premonstrés. He had been informed by -some of his friends, that the king intended to send into his county -of Rethel a large force to seize his person; and for this reason he -had come to Laon to surrender into the king's hand the lordships and -estates he possessed in France, and to solicit mercy and pardon for -all his offences, promising henceforward not to assist his brother, -the duke of Burgundy, openly or secretly, in this quarrel against the -king his sovereign lord. What he requested was granted; and the lord de -Lor with others of his vassals were given as hostages for the faithful -observance of these promises. He then departed, with the king's leave, -to Mezieres on the Meuse. - -While the king remained at Laon, he ordered fresh proclamations to be -made throughout his realm, to obtain the aid of his knights and others -who were accustomed to bear arms for him. - -On the 10th day of June he marched to Tierrache, thence to Ribermont -and to St Quentin; at which place, the countess of Hainault, sister -to the duke of Burgundy, came to him, with a noble attendance of two -hundred horsemen, to endeavour to make peace between the king and the -duke of Acquitaine and the duke of Burgundy. But when the king heard -what terms she had to propose, there was an end of the business; and, -seeing no prospect of success, she took leave of the king, and left -Saint Quentin, and went to the duke of Bourbon and Charles d'Albreth, -constable of France, the commanders of the rear division of the army. - -Four of the king's knights escorted her until she met two hundred -burgundian men at arms. This body of troops was under the command of -sir Gaultier de Ruppes, the lords de Montagu and de Toulongeon, Sir -Guillaume de Champ-divers, le Veau de Bar, bailiff of Auxois[3], and -others, quartered at Marle[4], who were on their road towards Hainault. - -The moment the king of France's knights perceived them, they returned -with all speed to give information that they had seen the Burgundians, -in order that they might be encountered. The duke of Bourbon, the -constable, and many others, instantly made themselves ready, to the -amount of four thousand combatants, and galloped away as fast as their -horses could carry them, through la Chapelle in Tierrache, to overtake -the Burgundians. They continued their pursuit as far as the bridge -of Verberie over the Sambre, near to Beaumont, when they came up with -the baggage, and killed or made prisoners several of the escort: among -the last was Veau de Bar, bailiff of Auxois. They still pursued the -Burgundians until they came near to Nôtre Dame de Halle, but they had -then secured themselves within the suburbs of Brussels. Finding that -all hopes of overtaking them were vain, the french knights retreated -through Hainault, plundered many of its inhabitants, who little -suspected it, and arrived at Guise in Tierrache, where they met the -king and his whole army, who had returned thither to combat his enemies. - -Duke William count of Hainault was highly displeased with this -expedition, because his country had been overrun and pillaged. Soon -after, the king marched back to St Quentin, and the Burgundians, -who were before Oudenarde, went to Douay, where they met the duke -of Burgundy, who received them as cordially as if they had been his -brethren. The lady of Hainault, his sister, came thither also, who had -endeavoured, as has been said, with all her power, to conclude a peace -between the king of France and the duke of Burgundy, but hitherto she -had been unsuccessful. - -The king and the princes advanced from St Quentin to Peronne,--and his -majesty was lodged in the castle. He devoutly celebrated the feast of -St Peter and St Paul, in the church of St Quentin; and on the morrow of -this feast the countess of Hainault returned, with her brother the duke -of Brabant, to renew her propositions for peace. They were royally and -magnificently entertained, after which the king inquired the cause of -their coming. On the following Sunday, the first day of July, the duke -of Guienne gave the lady and her brother a magnificent dinner, when -they were solemnly feasted. - -This countess was also accompanied by some of the chief citizens of the -Quatre Mestiers, as deputies from the three estates of Flanders to the -king who graciously received them,--and, on their departure, properly -distributed among them presents, of one hundred marcs of silver in gilt -plate, which pleased them mightily. - -But neither the lady nor her brother, the duke of Brabant, could at -this time obtain peace for the duke of Burgundy; on which account, -they returned to him at Douay dejected and sorrowful. The duke hearing -of their ill success, concluded bargains with his captains for their -support of him against all his enemies, excepting the persons of -the king of France and the duke of Acquitaine. After this, the duke -departed into his country of Flanders. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 3: Auxois,--a country in Burgundy, of which Semur is the -capital.] - -[Footnote 4: Marle,--a town in Picardy, five leagues from Laon, -thirteen from Soissons.] - - - - -CHAP. VII. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY PLACES GARRISONS IN DIFFERENT TOWNS AND - CASTLES.--THE KING OF FRANCE MARCHES HIS ARMY FROM PERONNE TO BESIEGE - BAPAUME[5]. - - -Such was the state of affairs on the departure of the duke of Burgundy, -with the greater part of the Burgundians under the command of sir -Gaultier de Ruppes and others, from Douay. Sir John de Luxembourg, then -a young knight, was intrusted with the government of Arras; but there -were appointed, as his advisers, the lord de Ront, sir William Bouvier, -lieutenant governor of Arras, the lord de Noyelle, surnamed Le Blanc -Chevalier, Allain de Vendosme, with a body of troops to the number of -six hundred men at arms and as many archers. - -Those from Burgundy were commanded by the lord de Montagu, captain -in chief, the lord de Vienne, the borgne de Toulongeon knight, sir -William de Champ-divers, the bastard of Granson, to the amount of six -hundred men at arms. The lord de Beauford à la barbe was commander of -the commonalty; and in all the other towns were appointed able men, -according to the good pleasure of the duke of Burgundy. - -These warriors made frequent excursions on the lands of such as were -attached to the Orleans party; and one day sir John de Luxembourg, -with a large detachment, advanced to the town of Hamme on the Somme, -belonging to the duke of Orleans, which was pillaged and robbed of -every thing portable that it contained; and many of the adjacent -villages shared the same fate, from the aforesaid cause. In like -manner, Hector de Saveuses, Philippe de Saveuses his brother, Louis de -Wargis, and some other captains, crossed the river Somme at Hauges, -near to Pecquigny, and thence advanced to the town of Blangy, near -Monchiaux, belonging to the count d'Eu, which was filled with much -wealth. This was soon plundered by the Burgundians, who carried away -men and all portable effects, and returned with them into Artois. Such -expeditions did the duke of Burgundy's partisans often make, to the -sore distress of the poor inhabitants. - -On the 9th day of July, the king and the princes left Peronne, on a -pilgrimage to our Lady of Cuerlu, and proceeding thence, fixed their -quarters on the banks of a river, very near to Miraumont[6]. On the -Thursday following, he came before Bapaume, a town belonging to the -duke of Burgundy; and at this place the count d'Auxerre was made a -knight by the duke of Bourbon, who commanded the van division, and had -arrived before Bapaume at break of day. The king also created, with his -own hand, the count d'Alençon a knight, as well as some others. The -lords de Boissay and de Gaucourt at this time exercised the functions -of Boucicaut and de Longny, the two marshals of France. On the king's -arrival, he was lodged at a handsome nunnery without the walls, and his -army around the place, so that it was soon encompassed on all sides. -This town is on an elevated situation, without spring or running water; -and as the season was very dry, the soldiers were forced to fetch their -water from a rivulet near to Miraumont in bottles, casks, and suchlike -vessels, which they transported on cars or otherwise the best way they -could, so that they and their horses suffered more from thirst than -famine. This caused many to sink wells, and in a few days more than -fifty were opened, and the water was so abundant that a horse could be -watered for four farthings. - -It happened, that on a certain day the duke of Acquitaine sent for the -chief captains in the town and castle of Bapaume, such as Ferry de -Hangest, sir John de Jumont, and Alain d'Anetus, who on their arrival, -being asked by the duke why they did not make some overtures to the -king for the surrender of the town and castle to their sovereign lord, -replied most humbly, that they guarded it for the king and for himself, -the king's eldest son, by the orders of the duke of Burgundy. - -They requested the duke of Acquitaine to grant them an armistice until -the following Tuesday, that they might send to the duke of Burgundy -for his final orders respecting their conduct, as to surrendering the -town and castle. This was granted, and confirmed by the king. They -therefore sent to the duke of Burgundy, to inform him of the force -that was surrounding the town, and the small provision they had for -themselves and their horses. The duke, on hearing this, agreed to their -surrendering the place to the king and the duke of Acquitaine, on -condition that their lives and fortunes should be spared. This being -assented to, they marched out of Bapaume with all their baggage, and -were in number about five hundred helmets and three hundred archers. -They took the road toward Lille, to join their lord; but, as they were -on their departure, the varlet Caboche, who bore the duke's standard, -and two merchants of Paris were arrested; one of them was named Martin -Coulommiers; and all three beheaded. Martellet du Mesnil and Galiffre -de Jumelles were likewise arrested, for having formed part of the -garrison in Compiegne, but were afterward set at liberty. - -In these days, it was proclaimed by sound of trumpet, that every one, -whatever might be his rank, merchant or otherwise, who should repair -to the king's army, should wear the upright cross as a badge, under -pain of confiscation of goods and corporal punishment. At this period, -also, ambassadors were sent to Cambray, the principal of whom were the -lord of Ivry, and the lord de Ligny, a native of Hainault, at that time -keeper of the king's privy seal, attended by many knights and others, -to the amount of two hundred helmets. On their arrival at Cambray, -they had a conference with the duke of Brabant and the countess of -Hainault, but could not agree on any terms for a peace, on which the -ambassadors returned to the king's army, and the duke of Brabant and -the lady of Hainault went back to the duke of Burgundy at Lille, to -signify to him that they had not been able to come to any terms with -the king of France. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 5: Bapaume,--a strong town in Artois, eleven leagues from -Amiens.] - -[Footnote 6: Miraumont,--a village in Picardy, election of Peronne.] - - - - -CHAP. VIII. - - THE INHABITANTS OF ARRAS FORTIFY THEIR TOWN VERY STRONGLY, AND BURN - AND DESTROY SEVERAL HANDSOME EDIFICES WHICH WERE AROUND IT. - - -The townsmen of Arras, daily expecting to be besieged by the army -of the king of France, made great preparations to defend themselves -against all adversaries. They erected bulwarks without the walls, -and formed barriers of large oak-trees placed one on the other, with -deep ditches, so that the walls could not be approached without first -having gained these outworks. They planted cannons and veuglaires -(veuglaria), with other offensive engines on the walls and towers, to -annoy the enemy; and, as I have before said, sir John de Luxembourg -was governor-general of the place, having under him many very expert -captains, whom I have mentioned, and who were always unanimous in their -opinions. - -They resolved to wait for the attack of the king and the princes, and -to resist it to the best of their ability; but in the mean time sir -John de Luxembourg caused proclamation to be made by sound of trumpets -throughout the town, that all persons who had wives or families should -lose no time in having them and their effects conveyed to other strong -places or territories of the duke of Burgundy, and that whosoever had -not collected necessaries for some months must leave the place. - -In consequence of these proclamations, many of the inhabitants carried -their wives, families and fortunes to the towns of Douay, Lille, -Bethune, Aire, and other places, according to their pleasure. The -governor demolished many handsome buildings and churches that were -around the town, namely, the abbey of Tieulloy, the churches of the -Cordeliers, Jacobins, and some others. He also burnt on the opposite -side of the city the suburbs of Baudemont, which were of large extent, -and contained many fine edifices, as well inns as other houses; all of -which were burnt and destroyed to the confusion of the inhabitants of -this suburb. - - - - -CHAP. IX. - - CHARLES KING OF FRANCE, HAVING REDUCED BAPAUME TO HIS OBEDIENCE, - MARCHES TO LAY SIEGE TO ARRAS, AND TO SUBJECT THAT CITY TO HIS POWER. - - -King Charles of France having, as I have said, reduced the town of -Bapaume, to his obedience, departed thence on the 19th day of July with -his whole army, and halted at a village called Vercourt, situated on -a small brook two leagues from Arras. He had left his engines of war -at Bapaume, under the guard of sir Gasselin du Bos and a sufficient -garrison. Sir Gasselin, as governor of the town, made the mayor, -sheriffs and commonalty, take a solemn oath of fidelity to the king, -and to him as his governor. - -From Vercourt, the king, passing by Arras, was lodged in the town of -Vailly[7]; at which place, and before the gates of Arras, there were -grand skirmishes between the king's army and those within the town. -They sallied out of the place in great numbers on horseback against -their enemies, of whom they that day, at different times, made sixty -or more prisoners, and carried them into the town, with a quantity of -baggage. - -In company with the king were, his eldest son, Louis duke of -Acquitaine, the dukes of Orleans, of Bourbon, of Bar and of Bavaria, -the counts of Vertus, of Alençon, of Richemont, of Vendôme, of Auxerre, -of la Marche, of la Marle, of Eu, of Roussy, the archbishop of Sens, -the bishop of Laon, and the count of Armagnac. The lord Charles -d'Albreth, constable of France, was also with the king, and some other -knights and esquires of the van division, consisting of three thousand -men at arms at least, without including archers, so that the whole of -the royal army may be estimated at about two hundred thousand persons -of all sorts. - -The king's quarters at Vailly were in a house which had belonged to the -Templars about a cannon-shot from the town, and the duke of Acquitaine -was lodged very near him. Soon after, the duke of Bourbon and others -of the van division made an entrance early in the morning into the -suburbs of Vaudemont, and there established themselves, in spite of the -resistance from Arras, but it was not without a severe conflict. - -On another day, the duke of Bar, the count de Marle and the count -d'Armagnac, with the rear division, made good a lodgement on the -opposite side, in the suburbs of Belle-mocte, so that the city of Arras -was now so completely surrounded that scarcely a single person could -venture out without being taken, although, during the siege, there -were daily sallies made from the town, sometimes on foot, at others on -horseback. - -The besieged often made sallies from two and even three gates within an -hour's time, and on these occasions, as it was afterwards known, they -gained more than they lost; for, during the siege, they brought into -the place upward of twelve score prisoners, and great numbers were in -these sallies always left dead on the field. - -One particular skirmish took place near the river Scarpe, between the -suburbs of Belle-mocte and the postern of Arras, which was very fatal -to the besiegers. A party from the vanguard had crossed the river on a -plank, one at a time, to the number of six or seven score, purposing to -make an attack on the postern; but the besieged instantly sallied forth -to combat them, and drove them back to the plank,--when they, finding -they could not repass without much danger, rallied and forced their -enemies to retreat to the postern. At length by the valour of a man at -arms, called Perceval le Grand, who was the leader of the townsmen, -they were again forced to the water's edge, and so vigorously attacked -that fifty at least were killed on the spot, or made prisoners: from -fifteen to twenty were drowned in attempting to cross the river, whose -bodies, in armour, were dragged out on the following day. - -About twenty of the besieged were killed or taken in their various -sallies. Among those of name made prisoners were Baugeois de la -Beauvriere, the bastard de Belle, the Bastard Dembrine, and some other -gentlemen from Burgundy; but they lost the greater part of their best -horses in these skirmishes. - -The castle of Belle-mocte, situated near to Arras, remained, during -the siege, steady to the Burgundy party. The guard of it was given to -sir Fleurant d'Ancre and sir Symon de Behaignon: with them was a man -at arms called Jean Rose, who was strongly suspected of wishing to -betray the castle for money,--and on that account was made prisoner and -his effects confiscated. This fortress was well defended by the said -knights, for the duke of Burgundy, although the king's army took great -pains to conquer it. - -To speak of all the different expeditions and incursions the king's -troops made during this siege into Artois, Ternois, and other parts, -would make too long a narrative; but I shall notice that which took -effect under one of the bastards of Bourbon, and other captains, with -about one thousand combatants. They went on a foraging party into the -county of St Pol, from which they gained an immense booty, in peasants, -horses, cattle, sheep, and other things: they even advanced to the -town of St Pol, in which were count Waleran, styling himself constable -of France, and the countess his wife, sister to the duke of Bar. They -treated count Waleran with much abusive language, and said that he only -pretended to be ill, to avoid serving the king, his sovereign lord; and -that he had manifested his warm affection to the duke of Burgundy by -sending his nephew sir John de Luxembourg, with the greater part of his -vassals, to assist him. - -Notwithstanding the count heard all that was said, he would not suffer -any of his men to sally out against them, for fear the king and his -council should be more discontented with him, and allowed them to burn -a considerable part of the suburbs of St Pol: they then returned to the -king's army before Arras with their plunder. - -On another day, about twelve hundred combatants assembled, and -advanced toward Lucheux[8], ransacking the country as far as the -town of Hesdin[9], and committing much destruction; but the garrisons -of Hesdin, and of other places in the interest of the duke of -Burgundy, pursued them with such activity and vigour, that they not -only recovered several whom they had captured, but made many of them -prisoners. - -Thus at different times, were excursions made by the king's forces -on parts that held out for the duke of Burgundy, by which the poorer -people were sorely oppressed and ruined. - -On the other hand, the garrisons of the duke of Burgundy, in his towns -of Douay, Lens[10], Hesdin, Maizerolles[11], and others, made continual -excursions and ambuscades against the foragers of the royal forces, -and likewise against those who brought provisions to the army from -Amiens, Corbie, and other parts, whom they generally robbed, killed, -or made prisoners. Hector de Saveuses, a very renowned man at arms, -was particularly active in his kind of warfare: he usually collected -from two to three hundred combatants under his banner, and, by secretly -leading them against the king's forces, acquired much fame, and was -greatly in the good graces of his lord, the duke of Burgundy: his -companions were usually Philippe and Louis de Wargis, Lamon de Launoy, -and other expert men at arms. - -The duke of Burgundy, having resolved to relieve Arras, sent for all -his captains, and, having consulted them, ordered, that on a fixed day -they should make an attack on the king's army at Vaudemont, where the -van division was quartered, under the command of the duke of Bourbon; -and the garrison was to make a sally to support them, of which they -were to be timely informed. These captains assembled a force of about -four thousand combatants, whose commanders were the lord de Croy, the -lord de Fosseux, the lord de Jumont, the lord de Challons, sir Gautier -de Ruppes, and some others, who marched their men to within about four -leagues of Arras, and thence sent their scouts forward. The names of -these scouts were Actis, Jacques de Breumeur, brother to Louis de -Bussy, and others, whose names I have forgotten; but they were all -taken by the king's army, and carried to the head-quarters. The duke -of Burgundy's captains hearing of this, and supposing their intended -attack would be known, were much troubled, and, without doing any -thing, returned to their garrisons, to the great displeasure of the -duke. - -During the time the king lay before Arras, his men took the fortress -of Avênes le Comte, belonging to the duke of Burgundy, and Villers le -Châtel from the lord de Gournay, both four leagues distant from Arras. -They were regarrisoned with a considerable force, who much harrassed -the adjacent country, and gave the army intelligence of all assemblies -of the enemy. All this time the town of Arras was constantly attacked -by the cannons, veuglaires, bricolles, and other engines, to the great -annoyance of its inhabitants, more especially on the side toward -Vaudemont, and, moreover, several mines were made under the walls. One -was particularly directed on this side, with the intent of forming a -secret entrance to the city, but it was discovered by a counter-mine -of the besieged, and a vigorous skirmish took place within it, each -party being armed with lances. The count d'Eu fought with sir John de -Meschastel, lord de Montagu, very valiantly, considering his youth: he -had been knighted on this occasion by his brother-in-law the duke of -Bourbon. - -When this skirmish had lasted some time, both parties retreated to -their main army. Sir Louis Bourdon and others were quartered during -the siege in the abbey of Mount-St-Eloy, two leagues off Arras: it was -surrounded by a strong wall, and consisted of handsome buildings,--the -whole, or the greater part of which, were destroyed by them, the -gratings, iron, lead, bells, and every thing portable being carried -away. Thus at this time was the county of Artois most severely -oppressed by the army of the king of France. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 7: Vailly,--a town in Picardy, near Abbeville.] - -[Footnote 8: Lucheux,--a town in Picardy, election of Peronne.] - -[Footnote 9: Hesdin,--a strong town in Artois on the Canche, thirteen -leagues from Arras.] - -[Footnote 10: Lens,--a town in Artois, on the confines of Flanders.] - -[Footnote 11: Maizerolles,--a village in Artois.] - - - - -CHAP. X. - - THE DUKE OF BRABANT AND THE COUNTESS OF HAINAULT VISIT THE KING OF - FRANCE WHEN BEFORE ARRAS, AND NEGOTIATE A PEACE FOR THEIR BROTHER THE - DUKE OF BURGUNDY AND HIS ALLIES. - - -On the morrow of St John the Baptist's day, the duke of Brabant, the -countess of Hainault, and some deputies from the three estates of -Flanders, came to the king, to negotiate a peace between him and the -duke of Acquitaine, and their brother and lord the duke of Burgundy. -They arrived about two o'clock in the morning, and were graciously -received by the king, the duke of Acquitaine and others. Prior to the -negotiation, an armistice was agreed on between the besiegers and -besieged, which lasted until the treaty was concluded. - -This treaty of peace was publicly proclaimed, by sound of trumpet, in -front of the king's tent, at eight o'clock in the evening of Tuesday -the 4th day of September; and it was strictly ordered, that all -persons, under heavy penalties, should lay aside their badges, whether -of the party of the king or of the duke of Burgundy, who had worn a St -Andrew's cross, which was instantly done. - -On the conclusion of the peace, some lords, who were suffering under a -flux, left the king's army, namely, Louis of Bavaria, brother to the -queen, the lord Charles d'Albreth, constable of France, and several -more. Sir Aymé de Sellebruche and an infinite number of others, had -died of this disorder; and it was this sickness that had caused the -king and the princes to listen to terms of peace, that they might -return to France. - -When the peace had been signed, the duke of Brabant and the countess of -Hainault presented to the king, in the name of the duke of Burgundy, -the keys of the town of Arras, promising at the same time that all -the towns and castles of the duke within the realm of France should -submit themselves to the obedience of the king. It was ordered by -the king and council, that the count de Vendôme, grand master of the -household, should enter the city of Arras, to receive the homage of -the inhabitants. On his entrance, he had the king's banners placed -over the gates; and having received the oaths of the townsmen, by which -they promised henceforth to be good and loyal subjects to the king, he -appointed the lord de Quesnes, viscount de Poix, governor of the place, -saving and reserving to the duke of Burgundy the revenues, and rights -of administering justice. - -The king commanded, by the advice of his council, the duke of Brabant, -the countess of Hainault, and the deputies from the three estates of -Flanders, to appear on a certain day, which had been agreed on, before -him and his council at Senlis, to fulfil the covenants, and ratify the -peace that had been made by them in the name of the duke of Burgundy. - -On Wednesday, the 5th day of September, some wicked person set fire to -the tents of the lord d'Alençon, about 12 o'clock at night, and the -flames spread so rapidly that with much difficulty he escaped to the -tents of the king. The count d'Armagnac, seeing the flames, caused -his trumpet to be sounded, and ordered the rear division to stand to -their arms, who, with the duke of Bar, marched out of their quarters -in handsome array, and, having set fire to them, drew up in order -of battle in different detachments; one in front of the gate of St -Michael, another before that of St Nicholas, another in front of the -gate of Haisernes; that the enemy might not take advantage of the fire, -and make a sally--for though a treaty of peace had been concluded, they -had not any great confidence in it. - -The fire spread with such violence from quarter to quarter that it -gained that of the king, and other divisions of the army, so that his -majesty and the duke of Acquitaine were forced, within one quarter -of an hour from its commencement, to escape in a disorderly manner, -leaving behind many prisoners, and sick persons, who were burnt to -death. Several warlike engines, tents, military stores, and many tuns -of wine, were all, or the greater part, consumed. - -The duke of Bourbon marched away from Vaudemont in a very orderly -manner, with the van division of the army; and that same morning, very -early, several of the lower ranks in the garrison of the town sallied -forth, and seized whatever they could lay hands on, which had belonged -to the army, and even robbed many tradesmen, in spite of the orders -that had been given to the contrary. Those troops who had come from -Burgundy were particularly active, and, quitting the town in large -parties, plundered many of the king's army. - -In this manner did Charles king of France march from Arras to Bapaume: -he thence went to Peronne, Noyon, Compiegne and Senlis, where he and -his princes remained the whole of the month of September. - -The peace that had been agreed to before Arras, by the interference of -the duke of Brabant, the countess of Hainault, and the deputies from -Flanders, for the duke of Burgundy, was finally concluded at Senlis, -through the means of Louis duke of Acquitaine, who had married the -daughter of the duke of Burgundy, notwithstanding the duke had been the -cause of those riots in Paris, when the duke of Bar and others, his -servants, had been arrested against his will. - -The Orleans party had indeed treated him in the same way, by depriving -him of his confidential servants, and doing other things which were -displeasing to him. He was therefore very anxious that every thing -of the sort should be forgotten, and that henceforward the king and -himself should be served and obeyed with unanimity by those of their -blood and lineage, although he was often remonstrated with on the acts -which the duke of Burgundy had committed prior to the king's leaving -Paris; but he frankly replied, that he would put an end to the war, for -he saw plainly, that otherwise the king and kingdom were on the road to -perdition. The peace, therefore, was concluded on the terms recited in -the ensuing chapter. - - - - -CHAP. XI. - - THE TREATY OF PEACE CONCLUDED AT ARRAS, WHICH WAS THE FIFTH, IS READ - IN THE PRESENCE OF THE DUKE OF ACQUITAINE, AND SEVERAL OTHER PRINCES - OF THE BLOOD-ROYAL, AND THE OATHS THAT WERE TAKEN IN CONSEQUENCE. - - -The articles of the treaty of peace which had been humbly solicited -from the king, on the part of the duke of Burgundy, by the duke of -Brabant, the countess of Hainault, and the deputies from Flanders, -properly authorised by him, were read in the presence of the duke of -Acquitaine and the members of the king's grand council, and were as -follow. - -'Whereas many mischiefs have been, from time to time, committed against -the realm of France, and contrary to the good pleasure and commands of -the king, and of his eldest son, the duke of Acquitaine, the aforesaid -commissioners, duly authorised by the duke of Burgundy, do most humbly -solicit and supplicate, in the name of the said duke, that all things -wherein the duke of Burgundy may have failed, or done wrong since the -peace of Pontois, and in opposition to the will and pleasure of the -king and the duke of Acquitaine, may be pardoned, and that they would, -out of their goodness, receive him again to their graces and favour. - -'The said commissioners will deliver to the king, the duke of -Acquitaine, or to any person or persons they may please to nominate, -the keys of the city of Arras, and of all the towns and fortified -places belonging to the said duke of Burgundy within the realm of -France, to which the king or his son may appoint governors, or other -officers, according to their pleasure, and for so long a time as they -may choose, without any way infringing the said peace. - -'The duke of Burgundy will surrender to the king, or to his -commissioner, the castle of Crotoy, and replace it in his hands. - -'Item, the duke of Burgundy binds himself to dismiss from his family -all who have in any way incurred the indignation of the king or -the duke of Acquitaine, and no longer to support them within his -territories, of which due notice shall be given them in writing. - -'Item, all the lands or possessions that may have been seized by the -king from the vassals, subjects, well-wishers, or partisans, of the -duke of Burgundy, of whatever kind they may have been, on account of -this war, shall be faithfully restored to them. - -'In like manner, all sentences of banishment that have been issued for -the aforesaid cause shall be annulled; and if the duke of Burgundy have -seized and kept possession of any lands or possessions of the king's -subjects, well-wishers, or of those who may have served the king in -this present year, they shall be wholly and completely restored. - -'Item, notwithstanding the duke's commissioners have affirmed to the -king and the duke of Acquitaine that he had not entered into any -confederation or alliance with the English,--that all suspicions may -cease on that head, they now promise for the duke of Burgundy, that he -will not henceforth form any alliance with the English except with the -permission and consent of the king and the duke of Acquitaine. - -'Item, in regard to the reparation of the duke of Burgundy's -honour, which the said commissioners think has been much tarnished -by expressions made use of, and published throughout the realm and -elsewhere, in different letters-patent and ordinances,--when the peace -shall be fully established and the king is returned to Paris, he will -consult with his own council, and with such persons as the duke may -think proper to send thither, on the best means of reparation, saving -the king's honour. - -Item, the duke of Burgundy shall engage, on his word, that he will not, -by himself or others, persecute or wrong any person who may in this -quarrel have served the king personally, or under different captains, -nor any burghers of Paris, or other inhabitants, by secret or open -means, nor procure it to be done. - -'Item, the king wills and ordains, that his subjects remain in such -lawful obedience as they are bound to by the treaty of Chartres, or -other treaties which may have been afterward made; and should such -treaties require any amendment, he orders it to be done, and that they -be faithfully observed without the smallest infringement. - -'Item, for the better security of the observance of these articles -by the Duke of Burgundy, the said duke of Brabant, the countess of -Hainault and the aforesaid deputies, shall swear, as well in their own -names and persons as on the part of the prelates, churchmen, nobility -and principal towns of their country; that is to say, the said duke of -Brabant, the countess of Hainault and the aforesaid deputies, shall -swear, in the name of the said duke of Burgundy, for the whole country -of Flanders, that the said duke of Burgundy will strictly observe and -keep for ever this good peace, without doing himself, or procuring to -be done by others, any act contrary to the true meaning and intent of -it. In case the said duke of Burgundy shall, by open or secret means, -do any thing against the tenour of this peace, then the aforesaid -duke of Brabant and countess of Hainault do engage for themselves not -to give him any advice, or assistance of men at arms or money, or in -any manner whatever, seeing that the princes of the royal blood, -the nobles, prelates, and capital towns in the kingdom, have taken a -similar oath. - -'The commissioners will also deliver good and sufficient bonds of -security, according to the regulation of the king and his council; and -they will promise, beside, to use their utmost endeavours that the -nobles and others within the town of Arras shall loyally make the same -oath; and likewise that all who may be at this present under the orders -of the duke of Burgundy, or in his garrisons in Burgundy, Artois and -Flanders, shall do the same when required by the king of France.' - -When the above articles had been properly drawn up, the different -parties swore to their observance. The duke of Brabant, the countess of -Hainault, and the flemish deputies, as being the friends and allies of -the duke of Burgundy, first took the oath in the presence of the duke -of Acquitaine, several princes of the blood, and the members of the -king's council. The duke of Acquitaine then took a solemn oath to keep -and preserve every article of the said peace: he then called to him -Charles duke of Orleans, his cousin-german, and desired that he would -take this oath; but the duke of Orleans, bowing low, replied,--'My -lord, I am not bound to swear to it; for I only came, as a king's -subject, to serve my lord the king and yourself.' 'Fair cousin, we -beg that you will swear to the observance of this peace.' The duke of -Orleans again said, 'My lord, I have not broken the peace, and ought -not therefore to take the oath: I entreat you will be satisfied.' The -duke of Acquitaine a third time required that he would swear,--and the -duke of Orleans, with much anger, replied, 'My lord, I have not, nor -have any of my council, broken the peace: make those who have broken it -come hither and take the oath, and then I will obey your pleasure.' - -The archbishop of Rheims, and others, seeing the duke of Acquitaine -displeased at this last speech, said to the duke of Orleans, 'My lord, -do what my lord of Acquitaine requires of you.' After all this, he did -take the oath to maintain the peace, but it was sorely against his -will, for he thought that it was the duke of Burgundy and his allies -who had broken the last peace made at Pontoise. The duke of Bourbon -was next called on to take the oath, who thought to avoid it, like the -duke of Orleans; but the duke of Acquitaine cut him short by saying, -'Fair cousin, we beg that you will not say more about it.' The duke of -Bourbon, and the other princes, then swore without further objection. -The prelates did the same, excepting the archbishop of Sens, brother -to Montagu, who when called upon to take the oath by the duke of -Acquitaine, said, 'My lord, remember what you swore to us all, on our -departure from Paris, in the presence of the queen.' The duke replied, -'Say no more about it: we will that this peace be kept, and that you -swear to its observances.' 'My lord,' replied the archbishop, 'since it -is your good pleasure, I will do so.' - -These were the only three among the lords who attended on this occasion -that made any objections to taking their oaths. - -A similar oath was taken in Arras by sir John de Luxembourg and all the -commonalty, and other captains and governors of towns in these parts, -before the king and the princes, when they had marched from before -Arras. - -During the residence of the king at Senlis, many nobles and others died -of the flux: among the number were, Reminion d'Albreth and his brother -the lord of Hangiers: and several died from the hardships they had -suffered during the march and at the siege. - -When the Parisians heard that a peace had been made by the king and the -princes with the duke of Burgundy, without consulting them, they were -much discontented, and went to the duke of Berry, their governor, to -demand how this peace had been concluded, and what had moved the king -and his council to think of it without making them acquainted with -their intentions, for it was proper that they should have known of it, -and have been made parties to it. The duke of Berry replied,--'This -matter does not any way touch you, nor does it become you to interfere -between our lord the king and us who are of his blood and lineage; for -we may quarrel one with another whenever it shall please us so to do, -and we may also make peace according to our will.' The Parisians, on -hearing this answer, returned home without further reply. - -Neither the duke of Brabant, the countess of Hainault, nor the deputies -came to Senlis on the day appointed for the ratification of the -peace, having been advised to send ambassadors and heralds, namely, -the dean of the cathedral church of Liege, William Blondel, esquire, -and others, to appear for them before the king and council as their -representatives, at the place and time that had been fixed on. This -was done, but they could not obtain any answer to their demands and -requests from the grand council, because the king was very ill, and -consequently they returned to their lords without having been able to -conclude any thing. - - - - -CHAP. XII. - - SIGISMUND OF BOHEMIA IS ELECTED EMPEROR OF GERMANY, AND RECEIVES THE - OATHS OF THE GREATER PART OF THE LORDS OF THAT COUNTRY. - - -Towards the end of October, Sigismund of Bohemia, king of Hungary, -Croatia and Dalmatia, a valiant man at arms, and a catholic, came with -his queen, the daughter of count Cilley, a Sclavonian, and a grand -retinue, to Aix la Chapelle[12]. Sigismund was first raised by the -electors to be king of the Romans, and then emperor of Germany. On the -eighth day of November, he was consecrated and crowned emperor, by the -archbishop of Cologne, in the church of our Lady at Aix la Chapelle, -as is customary; after which ceremony, he was to be confirmed in his -dignity by the pope of Rome. - -He and his empress then received the homage and oaths of allegiance -from the barons of the empire, promising at the same time that he would -attend the general council that was to be holden at Constance for the -good of the whole church. This council was to have commenced in the -month of April in the year 1412, under pope Alexander or his successor, -but it had been hitherto delayed. - -This city of Constance is seated on the Rhine, in the circle of Suabia, -and its bishop is a suffragan to the archbishop of Mentz. It was -proclaimed, that the council thus deferred would be held by pope John -XXII. successor to the aforesaid Alexander. - -Here follow the names of the dukes, prelates, counts, barons, and -others, who were present at the coronation of the emperor Sigismund at -Aix la Chapelle, on the 8th of November, 1414. - -First, duke Louis of Bavaria, count palatine of the Rhine, elector of -Germany; the duke of Saxony, marshal of the empire, another elector -of Germany; Bourgion de Nuremburgh, who performed the office of the -marquis of Brandenburgh, an elector, and other dukes, namely, those of -Lorraine, Gueldres, Juliers, and Tede, duke of Russia: two archbishops, -viz. those of Cologne and Treves, who are also electors of the empire. - -Item, John duke of Bavaria, elected prince of Liege, duke of Bouillon -and count of Los. - -Item, the council of the king of Bohemia, elector of the empire: -the council of the archbishop of Mentz, another elector of Germany. -Five bishops, namely, those of Viseburg[13], Pussau, de St Prude -d'Aylac in Hungary, de la Cure; the grand master of the german -knights-hospitallers, namely of Prussia, and the count of Cleves. - -Item, Accusaire, son to the marquis of Montferrat, de Meurs, and de -Saussebourg; the lord de Haudeshon and de Renuen. - -Item, de Dezaine, and three counts de Nassau; the count de Cassuelbonne -and his son; the counts de Rayneck, and Hanyberck de Viectem, de -Mestan, the count de Disby, and with him two other counts; de -Villestam, de Wide, de Blancquehem, de Samecte, and de Viestam; sir -John Chaule, viscount de Milan, the lord de Brimor, de Bestille, the -lord de Bavonne. - -Now follow the names of those who came from Hungary: - -First, Charles de Nicolay, grand palatine of Hungary, Marcial Nicolay -his son, count de Tenuse, Wart lord de Strebourg, governor of seven -castles, two counts ambassadors from Vallanc[14] of the country of -Servia, Vergufiam, Vaida, Siandrias, Peduricolaus, Lasque Jacobiadis de -Vaida, Lasqudany his brother, the count John de Carnassie, the count -George de Carnassie, Penyemericus, sir Laurens de Ront de Pasto, the -lord Tarte Nicolay, sir Chechy Nicolay, sir Janus Vaida, grand master -of the household of king Sigismund, sir Baufil de Symon, Peron Emerick, -Thomas Perisii, Resquoy Estewan Sywaidu Desno Charpictre, marshal of -Hungary. - -Item, the barons of Bohemia that attended at this coronation were, -first, sir William le Haze, sir Vincelan de Douy, sir Suit de Sida, and -three barons of his lineage with him, sir Gaspard de Douy, the lord -d'Illebourg, the lord de Blentenon, sir Andrew Balesqui. - -Now follow the names of the barons of lower Germany: - -The lord de Hausseberch, the damoiseau d'Ercles, sir John de Namur, the -lords de Hainault, de Lembourg, Vinstghen, de Belay, de Picquebat, and -two other barons with the baron de Bendecte, de Yussebourg, and two -other barons with him, de Berdecte, Hanrech, de Wysebeche, de Toncle, -sir Fulco de Honnestam, Bougraine, de Raynech, the lords de Holloch, de -Vestrebourg, de Connebourg, and two other barons with him, sir Florin -du Bos, the lords de Horne and Derke, sir Fucho de Cologne mareschal -d'Absectes, sir Othe de l'Abecque, the lord de Zenemberghe, the lord de -Marc. - -The names of those princes and others who sent ambassadors to this -coronation: - -First, the ambassadors from the king of Bohemia, the ambassadors from -the king of England, the ambassadors from the archbishop of Mentz, -from the count of Hainault, from de Posti Romaine, from the count of -Savoy, from the duke of Brabant, from the duke of Luxembourg, from the -abbot of Stabuleuse[15], from the cities of Cambray, Cologne, Toul, and -Verdun, from the abbot of Sainte Corneille de Compiégne. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 12: Sigismund was first married to Mary, heiress of Hungary, -and Secondly to Barbara, countess of Cilley. When emperor, he had John -Huss and Jerome of Prague burnt.] - -[Footnote 13: Visebourg. Q. if not Vissegrade.] - -[Footnote 14: Vallanc,--probably the Waivodo. I have given over in -despair the making out these names of persons and places.] - - - - -CHAP. XIII. - - THE DEATH OF LADISLAUS KING OF NAPLES.--HIS RIVAL KING LOUIS SENDS THE - MARSHAL OF FRANCE TO NAPLES,--AND OTHER MATTERS. - - -In these days, intelligence was brought to the king of France, that -king Ladislaus, the rival to Louis king of Sicily, was dead. The -manner of his death was thus told. He had long had a passion for the -daughter of his physician, who was uncommonly handsome, and had made -frequent proposals to her father, that he might enjoy her; but the -father had as often refused, alledging many sound reasons for it. -At length, he was so much pressed by the king that, finding excuses -would no longer avail, he pretended to consent, though it was against -his will, as the end will shew. He went, in consequence, to his -daughter, to command her to prepare to receive the king, for that he -had granted his consent,--but he would give her a prescription that -should secure her the king's affections for ever; and he presented -her with a box of ointment, with which he ordered her to rub her body -just before the king's arrival. This she faithfully did; but when the -king had cohabited with her, he felt himself as it were all on fire, -and the damsel was in like manner affected,--insomuch that they almost -instantly died in very great torments. After this cruel deed, the -physician fled the country before hands could be laid on him. - -Intelligence of the event being made known to king Louis, he issued -summonses for a large force to assemble and accompany him to Naples; -but he sent before him the lord de Longny, marshal of France, with a -considerable body of men. - -During the residence of the king at Senlis, the duke of Acquitaine was -appointed by him and the grand council to the whole management of the -finances of the kingdom, which was very displeasing to the duke of -Berry; and in consequence, he assembled the provost of merchants, the -sheriffs, the citizens, the members of the university, of the chambers -of parliament and of accounts, at a certain place in Paris, where he -caused them to be harangued by the bishop of Chartres, and others of -his friends, on the infirmity of the king, and on the youth of his -eldest son, who, from that cause, was as yet incapable of holding -the reins of government; and that from his near connection by blood, -(for he was son, brother, and uncle to kings,) the government of the -kingdom of right appertained to him and to none other; and he therefore -most affectionately solicited those present to aid and support his -pretensions. They replied, that it did not become them to interfere in -such matters, but solely to the king and the grand council, and excused -themselves to the duke for not complying with his request. - -At the beginning of September, the king departed from Senlis and came -to St Denis, where he remained until the fourteenth of that month, when -he returned to Paris in great triumph, attended by his son the duke of -Acquitaine. - -He was also accompanied by the dukes of Orleans, Bourbon, Bar, duke -Louis of Bavaria, the counts de Vertus, d'Alençon, de Richemont, d'Eu, -d'Armagnac, de la Marche, de Vendôme, de Marle, de Dampmartin, and -numberless other barons, prelates, knights and esquires. The duke went -out of Paris to meet the king, with the provost of merchants, the -sheriffs, members of the parliament and of the university, citizens -and crowds of common people, who kept a continual shouting for joy on -account of his majesty's return to Paris. They made great bonfires in -all the principal streets and squares, during the ensuing night, eating -and drinking, and shouting repeatedly, 'Long live the king, long live -the queen, long live the king and his son the duke of Acquitaine!' - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 15: Stabuleuse,--Stablo, Stabletum, Stabulum, a celebrated -abbey of Benedictines, inclosed within the country of Liege. The abbot -of Stablo is a sovereign, and bears the title of prince of the empire.] - - - - -CHAP. XIV. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY, ON THE KING'S DEPARTURE FROM BEFORE ARRAS, - MARCHES A FORCE INTO BURGUNDY.--OTHER EVENTS THAT HAPPENED AT THAT - PERIOD. - - -When the king of France had marched his army from before Arras, the -duke of Burgundy had his Burgundians quartered in the country of the -Cambresis, and in Tierrache, and went himself to the city of Cambray. -Thither his brother, the duke of Brabant, came to meet him, when, -after holding a conference with him on the state of his affairs, and -giving proper orders concerning them, he took the road toward Burgundy, -having with him sir Robinet de Mailly, master Eustace de Lactre, the -late chancellor of France, John Legois, master John de Troyes surgeon, -Denisot de Chaumont, and several others who had been formerly banished, -with their wives and children, from France. - -He collected all his Burgundians, who, with some Picards and others, -amounted to about twenty thousand horse, to march them into Burgundy, -following the road through Tierrache, where he halted. He thence went -to Mezieres on the Meuse, in the county of Rethel, with his whole army. -At this place he remained a short time with his brother Philippe, and -thence made for Châlons where he intended to lodge; but the townsmen -shut their gates against him, in consequence of orders from the king -not to admit him or his people into their town. This was displeasing -to the duke of Burgundy, for he had made his dispositions to cross -the Marne at that city. He then marched to Vitry, where he was again -disappointed, in consequence of the same orders that had been sent to -Châlons. - -He was forced to continue his march to St Dizier, where he crossed the -river; and on the vigil of All-saints, he arrived at Dijon, and was -received with the utmost joy by all his subjects as their lord and -sovereign. - -During this time, the epidemical flux continued in Picardy, which -carried off great numbers of persons, nobles and others. The duke of -Burgundy before he left Picardy disbanded the army of his captains -of that country, such as sir John de Luxembourg, the lords de Croy, -de Beau, Vergier, de Fosseux, de Jumont, de Ront, de Beaufort, de -Noyelle, de Hymbercourt, Hector and Philippe de Saveuses, Louis de -Warigines, and other leaders; but these lords remained as guards to the -country. He appointed on his departure, his only son, Philippe count de -Charolois, sole governor of Flanders until his return. - -On his arrival in Burgundy, he had attacked and taken the castle of -Tonnerre, which was pillaged and destroyed by his people. The count de -Tonnerre had fled from the castle with his men at arms, not daring to -wait the arrival of the duke's forces, who were commanded by sir Elion -de Jacqueville, Fierebourg, and some others. - -Shortly after, the duke of Burgundy sent letters to the king of France, -to inform him of the route he had taken from Flanders to Burgundy, at -what places he had paid his expenses, and where not, with his reasons -for not paying. At the same time, he made him acquainted with the -destruction of the castle of Tonnerre, and that he had destroyed it, -because the count, his vassal, had frequently rebelled against him, -had defied him, and had made enterprises on his territories, whence he -had carried away much booty. This he had explained, lest it might be -thought he was breaking the peace lately made before Arras, which he -was firmly resolved to keep. - -The duke had besieged also Château-Belin, in the county of Burgundy, -which likewise belonged to the count de Tonnerre; and although it was -very strong, it was won by the great length of the siege. This castle -he gave to his son, the count de Charolois, who during the lifetime of -his father, styled himself count de Charolois and lord of Château-Belin. - -A council was now held at Constance, by many cardinals, patriarchs, -bishops, archbishops, prelates and ambassadors from different kings -and princes. There was a great schism in the church from the refusal -of Pietro della Luna, entitled Pope Benedict to resign this dignity, -although, for many reasons, the greater part of Christendom had -withdrawn itself from his obedience. He had no power but in Spain and -Arragon, in which last kingdom he resided, in a strong town on the -sea-shore. - -In this year, the emperor of Germany caused the cardinal of Bologna, -called pope John, to be arrested, and confined in prison in the duchy -of Bavaria, for various crimes alledged against him. To restore peace -to the church, the emperor had caused this council to be holden in -Constance: it continued for the space of two years, before any persons -came to attend it from Spain or Arragon. In the month of August, in the -year 1416, a noble company of prelates and knights being assembled, -the election of a true pope was proceeded upon. In the year 1417, the -choice fell on the cardinal de Colonna, a Roman, who assumed the name -of Pope Martin. - - - - -CHAP. XV. - - COUNT WALERAN DE ST POL MARCHES ABOUT SIX HUNDRED COMBATANTS INTO THE - DUCHY OF LUXEMBOURG.--THE DUKE OF ACQUITAINE GOES TO MEHUN-SUR-YEVRE. - - -At this period, Waleran count de St Pol, still calling himself -constable of France, left his county of St Pol with about six hundred -combatants, men at arms and archers, of whom sixty at least were -English. - -He marched them from his town of Bohain to that of Laon, but the gates -were closed against him. He was much displeased thereat, and fixed -his quarters below it. He thence marched by Rheims and Châlons to his -town of Ligny in Barrois, whither his countess, sister to the duke de -Bar, speedily followed him; and they there solemnised the feast of -All-Saints. - -Shortly after, leaving his countess in the castle of Ligny, he advanced -through Luxembourg, to Thionville, and to others of the principal towns -in that duchy, of which he had been appointed governor, as well as of -the county of Chigny, by duke Anthony of Brabant, his son-in-law, then -sovereign of it, by right of the duchess his mother. After visiting the -chief towns and fortresses in that country, he made preparations, about -St Andrew's day, to lay siege to the town of Neufville on the Meuse, in -which were some vainglorious and overbearing persons, posted there by -John d'Authe, lord of Orchimont, who were constantly making inroads and -plundering the duchy of Luxembourg and the county of Chigny. They were -consequently besieged by the count, who had in his company some notable -warriors, namely, Garnot de Bournouville, sir Colart de Fiennes, Allain -de Vaudonne, and several others. However, although the besieged were -sorely harrassed by the engines of the count, and their bulwark had -been taken by storm, they refused to surrender, and he remained for six -weeks before the place. - -Other matters demanding his presence elsewhere, he fortified a church, -within cross-bow shot of the castle, in which he posted a certain -number of soldiers, under the command of a gentleman of that country, -called Vatier Disque, in conjunction with Robinet Ogier; and they were -for another six weeks skirmishing and fighting with their enemies, who -at the end of that time submitted themselves to the obedience of the -count de St de Pol. - -The count, on quitting the siege of Neufville, went to -Dampvilliers[16], and thence to Yvoix[17], where he passed the whole -of Lent with his nephew, sir John de Luxembourg, who had come a little -before to visit him at the siege. When sir John had remained about -a month, he took leave of his uncle, who never saw him afterwards, -and went to Avignon, to visit and pay reverence to the holy Peter of -Luxembourg, his uncle, who had formerly been a cardinal. - -At this period, the duke of Acquitaine, leaving Paris, travelled -through Melun, and Montargis in Berry, to Bourges, where he arrived on -the night of All-Saints, and was magnificently received and feasted by -the burghers and inhabitants of that town in the palace of the duke -of Berry. On the morrow he departed, unknown to the inhabitants, and -went to the castle of Mehun-sur-Yevre[18], which the duke of Berry had -given to him at Paris, and was the cause of his journey into Berry. The -castle pleased him very much, and, having taken possession of it, he -did not return to Paris until near the feast of St Nicholas. - -This sudden expedition of the duke of Acquitaine, with only seven -persons, surprised many; but he was instantly overtaken by the counts -de Vertus and de Richemont, who accompanied him as he went and returned. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 16: Dampvilliers,--a town in Luxembourg, diocese of Verdun.] - -[Footnote 17: Yvoix,--now called Carignan, a town in Luxembourg.] - -[Footnote 18: Mehun-sur-Yevre,--four leagues from Bourges.] - - - - -CHAP. XVI. - - THE EARL OF WARWICK AND OTHERS FROM ENGLAND ATTEND THE COUNCIL OF - CONSTANCE.--THE KING OF FRANCE HAS SOLEMN OBSEQUIES PERFORMED FOR HIS - BROTHER, THE DUKE OF ORLEANS. - - -The earl of Warwick, three bishops, four abbots, and other noble -knights, clerks and doctors in theology, to the number of about eight -hundred, travelled from Calais, through Flanders, with a handsome -retinue, as commissioners from the king of England, his realm, and -the university of Oxford, to the council of Constance. They were well -received by the new emperor, whose coronation some of them had attended -as ambassadors from the king of England, the pope and the whole council. - -As the day was drawing near when the countess of Hainault and her -brother, the duke of Brabant, with the deputies from Flanders, were to -meet to ratify the late peace at Senlis, between the duke of Burgundy -and the king of France; and as the grand council was then very much -engaged in business, Louis duke of Bavaria, sir Colart de Calville and -others were sent as ambassadors from the king to prolong the day. - -On Saturday, the eve of the Epiphany, the king ordered a solemn service -to be performed in the cathedral church of Nôtre Dame in Paris, for -his late brother the duke of Orleans, which had not been as yet done. -It was celebrated with a multitude of wax lights and torches, and -attended by the duke of Orleans and the count de Vertus, the dukes -of Berry, of Bourbon, Louis of Bavaria, the counts d'Alençon, de -Richemont, d'Eu, de la Marche, and many more, all dressed in deep -mourning. The duke of Acquitaine was not present, he had gone the -preceding day to visit the queen his mother, and his sister the duchess -of Brittany at Melun. - -At these obsequies the sermon was preached by the chancellor of the -cathedral, doctor John Gerson, much renowned for his theological -learning; and it was so strong and bold that many doctors and others -present were astonished thereat. When he praised the manners of the -deceased duke and his government of the realm, he declared that it had -been by far better administered by him than it had ever been since -his death. He seemed, in this discourse, more desirous of exciting -a war against the duke of Burgundy than of appeasing it; for he -said, he did not recommend the death of the duke of Burgundy, or his -destruction, but that he ought to be humiliated, to make him sensible -of the wickedness he had committed, that by a sufficient atonement -he might save his soul. He added, that the burning, last Lent, of the -propositions advanced by the duke's advocate, John Petit, against -the duke of Orleans, before the gates of the cathedral, as wicked -doctrines, had been well done; but that all that was necessary had not -yet been executed. He concluded by declaring, that he was ready to -maintain and defend what he had said against the whole world. - -The king was present, but not in mourning, in an oratory on the right -hand of the altar; and near him was the duke of Orleans, who took -precedence of all others, on account of this service that was performed -for his late father; then the duke of Berry, the count de Vertus, and -several princes seated according to their rank, listening to the words -of the preacher. Two cardinals, namely, those of Rheims and of Pisa, -many bishops, and such crowds of clergy, knights and common people -assisted, that the church could scarcely contain them. When the sermon -was ended, the dukes of Orleans and Berry, and the count de Vertus, -recommended the preacher to the king's notice. - -On the ensuing Monday, the king had similar obsequies performed for the -late duke of Orleans, in the church of the Celestins in Paris, where -he had been buried. They were attended by all who had assisted at the -former ceremony. Master John Courbecuisse, doctor of divinity, preached -the sermon, and pursued the same course of arguments as doctor Gerson. - -The king likewise had vigils, funeral orations and masses, said for -his late brother, in the chapel of the college of Navarre in Paris, at -which he and the other relations of the deceased assisted. - - - - -CHAP. XVII. - - THE KING AND HIS GRAND COUNCIL SEND FORCES TO ATTACK THE - BURGUNDIANS.--OTHER EVENTS THAT HAPPENED. - - -True it is, that after the destruction of the castle of Tonnerre, as -has been mentioned, many men at arms and archers, who had been there -employed, formed themselves into a company of full seven thousand -horse, and committed much mischief on the country around, as well on -the territories of the king in the Auxerrois as elsewhere. - -In consequence, the king and council ordered the lord de Gaucourt, and -Gassilin du Bos, to march against and conquer them. They obeyed, and so -vigorously pursued them that from two to three hundred were killed or -made prisoners. These last were carried to Paris, and confined in the -prisons of the Châtelet, whence, after a short time, they were brought -to trial, and some of them executed, but not before the king had paid -their ransoms to those who had taken them. - -The commanders of these marauders were Jacqueville, Fierbourg, and some -others, who, when they heard that the king was sending a force against -them, retired into the duchy of Burgundy. - -Not long after, Sir Jeninet de Pois, nephew to sir James de Châtillon, -lord de Dampierre, and admiral of France, going to the duke of -Burgundy, attended by only two hundred lances or thereabout, was -attacked, killed and robbed of every thing. Only one man, named -Tambullan, of his whole company, escaped, and he saved himself -by flight: all the rest were slain or taken. This action was very -displeasing to the duke of Burgundy. - -In like manner Hector de Saveuses, who had made a successful war on the -king's forces, when before Arras, was captured when on a pilgrimage -to Liance[19], and carried to Paris: had it not been for the earnest -solicitations of the countess of Hainault, he would have been executed. -Philip de Saveuses, his brother, had also made prisoners of Henry de -Boissy, lord de Chaulle, and Eustace Dayne, lord de Sarton, who had -warm friends among the king's ministers; and they exerted themselves so -effectually for their liberty, that Hector was given in exchange for -them. - -These, and many similar facts, shewed that, notwithstanding the -peace of Arras, there was very little security in the kingdom for -travellers or others: for the Orleans party had so surrounded the -persons of the king and the duke of Acquitaine, that those attached -to the duke of Burgundy or his allies were deprived of all share in -the government, and treated very harshly. This treatment, however, -was but a retaliation for what the Orleans party had suffered when the -Burgundians were in power. - -Peace was somehow or other preserved; and the countess of Hainault -came, with a noble attendance, through the Vermandois, Noyon and -Compiegne to Senlis: the deputies from Flanders followed her, -handsomely escorted; and last came the duke of Brabant, with the chief -ministers of the duke of Burgundy, namely, the bishop of Tournay, the -lord de Ront, sir William Bouvier, governor of Arras, master Thierry du -Roy, and some others. - -The council of the king of France requested them to proceed to Paris, -for the purpose of more conveniently discussing the subject, which was -complied with by all except the countess of Hainault, who had been -forbidden by her lord and husband to go farther than Senlis, where she -had been very honourably received by the dukes of Acquitaine and Berry, -who had come from Paris to meet her. She was visited by other princes -of the blood, and even by the duchess of Bourbon, who with the consent -of her duke, had come from Clermont to entertain her, and remained in -her company until she quitted Senlis. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 19: Q. if not Liannes, a village in Picardy.] - - - - -CHAP. XVIII. - - AMBASSADORS ARRIVE AT PARIS FROM ENGLAND.--THE KING OF FRANCE HOLDS A - GRAND FESTIVAL.--THE PEACE IS EVERY WHERE PRESERVED. - - -At this period, there came to Paris the earl of Dorset, uncle to -the king of England, the lord Guy, admiral of England, the bishops -of Durham and Norwich, and others, amounting, in the whole, to six -hundred horse, as ambassadors to treat of a marriage between the -king of France's daughter and the king of England[20]. They were -lodged on their arrival at the Temple, and they carried themselves -so magnificently, as well at home as when they rode abroad, that the -French, and particularly the Parisians, were very much astonished. - -On the 10th day of February, the king of France gave at Paris a very -grand festival of eating, drinking, tilting and dancing, at which -the english ambassadors were present. The king tilted with the duke -d'Alençon, whom he had lately raised to that dignity. The duke of -Brabant tilted in great cordiality with the duke of Orleans; and during -this festival, which lasted three days, the princes of the blood -conducted themselves kindly and honourably toward each other. The queen -of France, the duchess of Acquitaine, and many other noble ladies and -damsels, assisted at the feast. - -On the 24th day of February, after many conferences with the duke of -Brabant and the countess of Hainault, as well at Paris as at Senlis, -and with the ministers of the duke of Burgundy, the peace was finally -concluded, and proclaimed with sound of trumpet through Paris, -according to royal letters of the following tenor: - -'Charles, by the grace of God, king of France, to all present and to -come. Whereas many acts have been done since the conclusion of the -peace at Pontoise, to our very great displeasure, and damage to our -subjects and kingdom; for which cause we have held our beloved cousin, -the duke of Burgundy in our indignation and disfavour, and have marched -a considerable body of men at arms and archers against the town of -Arras. During the time, we lay before that town, our well-beloved -and dear cousins the duke of Brabant and countess of Hainault came -thither, accompanied by our dearly-beloved the deputies from the three -estates of Flanders, as commissioners, and having full powers to treat -on the part of our said cousin of Burgundy, with so much humility and -obedience that we were contented therewith. - -'In confirmation of the duke of Burgundy's willingness to submit -himself to our obedience, they offered on the part of the town of Arras -to display our banner on the walls and towers thereof, and also to -place under our subjection all the towns and castles which our said -cousin of Burgundy held from us. We therefore, in our abundance of -affection, have received him back into our good graces. - -'Our said cousins the duke of Brabant and the countess of Hainault, -and the deputies from Flanders, engaged to deliver to us, or to any -person whom we might depute, the castle of Crotoy, as well as the -castle of Chinon; and that they would, to the utmost of their power, -see that they were fully restored to us, or to any person whom we -should commission to receive them. Many other matters relative to -the restoring of peace were then discussed, and, in consequence, we -ourselves withdrew with our army from before Arras. For the further -consolidation of this agreement for peace, our said cousins of Brabant, -Hainault, and the deputies from Flanders have again come to us, as -ambassadors from our cousin of Burgundy, with whom, in the presence of -our dearly beloved son the duke of Acquitaine, dauphin of Vienne, the -preliminaries before mentioned have been confirmed. - -'Know ye, that from the pity and compassion which we must feel for all -who have suffered oppressions and vexations which ever ensue during -a state of warfare, and which our faithful and beloved subjects have -lately undergone; and that they may cease, so that tranquillity, -justice, and legal government may take place within our realm; that -labourers may do their work, and tradesfolk travel throughout the -kingdom unmolested wherever they shall judge proper, without let -or hindrance whatever. Considering also the value of peace, which -is inestimable, and the great evils that ensue from war, of which -we have lately had such bitter experience; and that all creatures -may have better opportunities to amend their lives and turn toward -their Creator, we of our own knowledge, and with full power and -royal authority, by the advice of our council, and after the mature -consideration of our eldest son, of many of the princes of our blood, -prelates, barons and knights of our council and courts of parliament, -so will, order and command, that a firm peace be established within our -realm, between our subjects, and that all rancour and malice cease, -forbidding all persons, whatever may be their rank or condition, under -pain of our highest displeasure, to bear arms or to proceed against any -one otherwise than by legal means. - -'For the better preservation of this peace, and out of reverence to -God, wishing to prefer mercy to rigorous justice, we from the plenitude -of our power and by our full royal authority, do grant a general and -free amnesty to all persons whether natives or foreigners, of whatever -rank or condition they be, who shall have aided, abetted, counselled -or supported our said cousin, the duke of Burgundy, contrary to our -royal will and pleasure, since the said peace of Pontois until this -day,--excepting, however, from this amnesty five persons, who are not -noble, nor subjects nor vassals to our said cousin of Burgundy, and -whose names shall be given to our cousins of Brabant and Hainault -before the feast of the nativity of St John the Baptist next ensuing. -We likewise except from this general pardon all who may have been -banished by our courts of justice by legal processes, with the usual -ceremonies and solemnities. - -'For the further preservation of this peace, and to avoid all causes -of sedition and dispute hereafter, we will and ordain that all persons -who may have quitted their dwellings in Paris for the space of two -years, shall not return nearer than within four or five leagues of -our said town of Paris, reserving to ourself any favours which we may -be inclined to show to the contrary. We will, however, that the said -absentees may go any where throughout our realm, excepting to our town -of Paris, without any molestation whatever, either in body or goods. - -'To maintain our subjects in peace and to obviate any disputes of -office, which, having formerly happened, may do so again, we will and -order, that all offices given by us since the said peace of Pontoise, -shall remain in our full disposition and power, without those who -may have been deprived of them having any claim or pretence of being -restored to them. With regard to the prisoners, we will do strict -justice; for it is our pleasure that no lord, baron, knight, esquire, -or other persons, under pretence of services not performed to us, or -for services done to our said cousin of Burgundy, shall be prosecuted -or molested in body or goods, but that all lands, castles, or any -territories whatever, that may have been taken possession of, and held -by our officers for us, on account of the late war, shall be fully -and completely restored to their true and lawful owners, without any -fees or charges claimed in regard to us; and we now impose silence on -our attorney-general, although the different cases be not specified -particularly by us, in order more effectually to put an end to all -disputes and suits at law that may have arisen from the events of the -late war. - -'We will, order and enjoin, that our said cousin the duke of Burgundy -do forbear, by himself or others for him, to disturb or any way molest, -either by open or secret means, such of our subjects and vassals of -every degree, as shall have served us in our warfare against him; and -such of his subjects and vassals as, through fear of offending us, have -not served him in conformity to the different ordinances issued by -us; and that he be particularly cautious, under pain of incurring our -displeasure, that this article be truly attended to, for we positively -forbid our said cousin of Burgundy to take any cognizance whatever of -the above acts. - -'We likewise forbid all others of our blood and lineage to commit, or -cause to be committed by others for them, any acts of hostility against -our said vassals and subjects, as well as against those of our said -cousin the duke of Burgundy; for we strictly ordain, that they do not -take any cognizance of offences that may have been caused by the late -warfare. - -'We will and command, that our said cousin the duke of Burgundy do -punctually restore all castles, lands, or fiefs that he may have taken -from our vassals and subjects, as well as from his own, on account of -services performed to us or neglected to have been done to him, and -that he order away from him all who may be inclined to disturb the -lawful owner in the possession of them. - -'We in like manner enjoin all those of our blood and lineage who may -have possessed themselves of any castles, lands, or other effects of -any lord, baron, knight, esquire, or others, under cover of the late -warfare, to restore them instantly to their proper owners, without -further molestation, or making them pay any fees or charges for their -restitution, in order that this said peace may be faithfully and -religiously maintained. - -'We likewise will and command, that all the articles of the peace -concluded at Chartres, and of others which have since been made, be -most particularly observed; and we strictly enjoin all those of our -blood and lineage, that they do not, on any pretence whatever, form -any alliances with the English, or with others, to our prejudice or -to the prejudice of this peace; and should any such have been formed, -we positively command that all treaties be returned and annulled, and -that any person who may have concluded them do deliver to us sufficient -security for the due performance of these our orders. - -'And we further enjoin, for the better security of this peace, that our -said cousin of Brabant, the ambassadors from our cousin of Burgundy, -and the deputies before named from Flanders, in the name of themselves, -the three estates in that country, and in behalf of our said cousin -of Burgundy, our very dear and well-beloved cousins the counts de -Charolois and de Nevers, do each of them swear and promise,--those -who are now present in our hands, and those absent in the hands of -our deputies,--on their faith and oath, and on the cross and holy -evangelists of God, that they will loyally and honestly observe this -peace, and all the articles of it; and that they will not, by open -or other means any way violate or infringe the same, under pain of -incurring our highest displeasure and indignation. - -'And should it happen that any person, whether noble or not, do -interrupt this peace, or act contrary thereto, they shall promise not -to give them any encouragement, aid or advice, but shall endeavour to -stifle all such attempts before they gain any head. - -'Copies of these oaths and engagements shall be delivered into our -chancery, signed by each party, and sealed with their seals, that a -perfect remembrance may be had of this transaction. - -'Similar oaths and promises shall be taken and made, under the like -penalty, by our very dear and well-beloved cousins, uncle, son and -nephew, the cardinal de Bar, the king of Sicily, the dukes of Berry, -de Tours, d'Orleans, de Bretagne, de Bourbon, d'Alençon, and de Bar; -the counts de Vertus, d'Eu, Richemont, de Dreux constable of France, -de la Marche, de Vendôme grand master of the household, de Marle, le -Bouteiller de France, d'Armagnac, de St Pol, de Penthievre, and de -Tancarville, with all others of our blood and lineage, and the members -of the three estates in their countries. Those present will take the -oath in our hands, and the absent in the hands of our deputies: they -will each deliver into our chancery copies of their oath and promise, -signed and sealed by them, that the remembrance of it may endure for -ever. - -'We also ordain, that the aforesaid oath and engagement shall be taken -before our commissioners, under pain of the above-mentioned penalties, -by all prelates, knights, barons, captains, bailiffs, seneschals, -provosts, and others our officers, vassals and subjects of all ranks, -ecclesiastical and secular, noble and not noble, who shall each of -them sign and seal his separate engagement, which shall be transmitted -to our chancery for the aforesaid purpose. - -'Item, our said cousin of Burgundy, and all the afore-mentioned princes -of our blood, shall send letters to their subjects and vassals, -requiring them to take their oaths in like manner. And for the better -security of this peace, our said cousin of Brabant, the countess of -Hainault, and the deputies aforesaid, shall exert their utmost power -to prevail on our very dear and well-beloved cousins duke William of -Bavaria, count of Hainault, the duke of Lorraine, the count of Savoy, -the bishop of Liege, the count of Namur, and such others as they think -proper, to take a similar oath and promise to observe all the articles -of the peace. - -'We also will and command, that should any excesses be committed which -might endanger the aforesaid peace, it shall not therefore be broken; -but the party who shall feel himself injured shall appeal to our courts -of justice, when such reparation shall be made him as the case may -legally require. - -'We consequently, give it strictly in charge to our dear and loyal the -constable, the chancellor, the members of our courts of parliament, the -marshals of France, the master of the cross-bows, the high admiral, the -provost of Paris, to all our seneschals, bailiffs, governors, mayors, -sheriffs, and all others our officers whatever, to each and to all of -them, that they do pay attention to the articles of of the said peace, -and that they do not suffer the smallest of them to be in any wise -violated or infringed; and should any thing be done contrary to their -true tenour and meaning, they will cause such persons to be instantly -arrested as disturbers of the public peace, and punish them as guilty -of high treason toward us and toward the state, so that they may serve -for examples to all others who may be inclined to act in the same way. - -'We ordain that these presents be proclaimed in the most public manner -in the usual places, that no one may pretend ignorance thereof; and we -enjoin all persons who may hear or know of any one that shall utter -words in public or otherwise against the honour of the aforesaid -persons of our blood and lineage, or to the disgrace of this said -peace, that they do denounce him or them to our officers of justice, -that punishment may ensue according to the exigence of the case, and -that they may be proceeded against as rebels to our commands and -ordinances. - -'That these presents may have their due weight, we have hereunto set -our seal. Given at Paris in the month of February in the year of -Grace 1414, and of our reign the 35th.' Signed by the king and his -grand council. Countersigned, 'Estienne Mauregard.' As this peace was -proclaimed throughout Paris, so was it published in divers parts of the -kingdom of France. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 20: For particulars of this embassy, &c. see the Foedera.] - - - - -CHAP. XIX. - - THREE PORTUGUESE PERFORM A DEED OF ARMS AGAINST THREE FRENCHMEN, IN - THE PRESENCE OF THE KING OF FRANCE.--THE PORTUGUESE ARE VANQUISHED. - - -At this period, there was a combat between three Portuguese and three -Frenchmen, performed at the king's palace of St Ouen near to Paris. The -names of the Portuguese were the lord d'Alenton, sir Jean Cousaille -knight, and sir Peter Cousaille. The three Frenchmen were sir François -de Grignaulx, Marigon, and la Rocque. - -The Portuguese, as the challengers, were first introduced into the -lists by the earl of Dorset and the other english lords. The French -were conducted by Clugnet de Brabant, admiral of France, John brother -to the duke de Bar, and several more. - -After the accustomed proclamations had been made, in the king's name, -the combat began, and was hard fought, but at length the Portuguese -surrendered themselves as vanquished, to save their lives, to the -great indignation and displeasure of the English, who had conducted -them to the lists. The Portuguese were, by the king's command, put -out of the lists, and the French honourably escorted home very much -rejoiced at their victory. - -When the business of the peace had been concluded, the countess of -Hainault left Senlis, and returned to her country and to her lord -duke William. The English, about the same time, departed from Paris, -after having been magnificently feasted and honoured by the king and -his princes, and having likewise been presented with rich gifts. They -did not, however, succeed in the object of their mission, namely, the -marriage of their king with the lady Catherine of France, because -their demands for her portion were unreasonable and excessive, such -as the duchy of Normandy, the county of Ponthieu, with the duchy of -Acquitaine, to be held as inheritances for ever. The king of France, in -reply, told them that he would shortly send ambassadors to England with -his final answer to the request they had made. - - - - -CHAP. XX. - - THE PEACE OF ARRAS SOLEMNLY SWORN TO IN THE PRESENCE OF THE KING OF - FRANCE.--IT IS AFTERWARDS SWORN TO IN DIVERS OTHER PLACES. - - -On the 13th day of March, in this year, the duke of Brabant, the bishop -of Tournay, the lord de Ront, sir William Bouvier, governor of Arras, -counsellors and ambassadors from the duke of Burgundy, and the deputies -from the three estates of Flanders, having full powers from the duke of -Burgundy for this purpose, swore in the name of the said duke, and in -his behalf in the presence of the king of France, on the true cross and -holy evangelists of God; and in like manner the duke of Brabant and the -others above mentioned, for themselves in their own private capacities, -swore to the full observance and preservation of all the articles of -the peace first treated of before Arras and confirmed at Paris. - -The dukes of Berry, Orleans, Alençon and Bourbon, the counts d'Eu, -de Vendôme, grand master of the household, the lord de Prayaux, -the chancellor of France, the archbishops of Sens, Bourges, Rouen, -the bishops of Laon, Lisieuz, Paris, Chartres, the chancellor of -Acquitaine, the count de Tancarville and others, took the same oath in -the presence of the king and the grand council. - -Commissioners were then sent by the king from Paris, namely, the -master of the cross-bows of France, the lord de Rambures, and master -Jean de Vailly, first president of the parliament, to Tournay, where -they arrived in the month of March. The duke of Brabant, the countess -of Hainault, Philip of Burgundy count of Charolois, the nobles and -prelates of Ghent, and other great towns in Flanders, there met -them. When the king's letter had been read, the count de Charolois, -and all present, took the oath required, in the hands of the said -commissioners, and in the presence of the duke of Brabant and the -countess of Hainault, promising on their own behalf to keep the said -peace, and to pay attention to the contents of the king's letter. -In like manner did the prelates, nobility, and others of the town -of Tournay and the adjacent countries, make oath, delivering their -certificates signed and sealed by them, as the count de Charolois and -the Flemings had done to the commissioners, to be carried to Estienne -Mauregard, the master of the rolls, at Paris. - -The count de Charolois, after the holy week, convoked, at Arras, all -the nobility, clergy, and inhabitants of the country of Artois and its -dependancies, who all swore, and delivered in certificates, as those -of Tournay had done. Commissioners were afterward sent into Burgundy, -to receive the oaths of the duke and of the estates of the duchy and -its dependancies. These commissioners were the lord de Tynouville and -master Symon de Vanterre, president, of the parliament, who received -the oaths and certificates, and sent them to the master of the rolls at -Paris; but the duke himself refused to swear, and said he must speak -to the king and the duke of Acquitaine before he made oath to keep the -peace, on certain causes that affected him. - - - - -[A.D. 1415.] - -CHAP. XXI. - - THE COMMONALTY AND CLERGY OF AMIENS ARE ASSEMBLED TO SWEAR TO THE - OBSERVANCE OF THE PEACE OF ARRAS. - - -At the beginning of this year, those of Amiens wrote such letters as -follow. - -'The mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty of Amiens make known, that on -the 18th day of the month of April, in the year 1415, by orders from -master John de Vailly, president of the parliament and commissioner -in these parts in the name of the king, the inhabitants of this town -were collected in the market-place by sound of bell from house to -house, when we being present, with the principal inhabitants, this -said president caused to be read to us letters from the king of the -following purport: 'Charles, by the grace of God, king of France,' &c. -(and similar to what I have before detailed),--which being ended, we, -and all the people assembled, made oath, and faithfully promised on -the cross and holy evangelists of God, and we now by these presents -do swear and promise punctually to observe and keep all the articles -of the peace lately ratified, as far as it shall concern us, and -conformably to the will and pleasure of the king our lord, as contained -in these his said letters. In testimony whereof, we have to these -presents affixed the common seal of the town of Amiens. Given on the -day and year before mentioned.' - -The substance of the above was copied by two apostolical notaries, -who certified that the aforesaid ordinance had been published, and -the colleges assembled in the chapter-house of the cathedral of Nôtre -Dame of Amiens, who had sworn to the same. These were sealed with -the seal of the bishop of Amiens, of the chapter, and of the other -chapters and colleges, and given to the bailiff of Amiens to carry to -master Estienne Mauregard, master of the rolls in Paris. The bailiff -caused the king's proclamation to be published every where within his -jurisdiction, except within the lands of the duke of Burgundy: he -received the oaths of all ranks of persons to the due observance of the -same, and the proper certificates from each prelate, noble, and others -resident within his baliwick. - -Thus were these ordinances respecting the peace proclaimed throughout -all the bailiwicks and seneschalships in the realm, at the usual -places; and then oaths and certificates were demanded by the -commissioners from the clergy, nobles, and chief towns, and delivered -at Paris in the same manner as the others had been. - - - - -CHAP. XXII. - - THE COUNT WALERAN DE ST POL DIES AT YVOIX, IN THE COUNTY OF CHINY IN - LUXEMBOURG.--THE PRINCES OF THE BLOOD GO TO MELUN, BY ORDERS FROM THE - QUEEN AND THE DUKE OF ACQUITAINE. - - -On the 9th day of April, in this same year 1415, Waleran count de -Saint Pol and de Ligny, calling himself constable of France, fell ill -in the castle of Yvoix, in the county of Chiny. His disorder, as it -was reported, was occasioned by his physician having administered to -him too strong a clyster; and about twelve days after, he departed -this life, and was buried in front of the great altar in the -principal church in Yvoix, amidst the tears and lamentations of his -attendants,--although he had ordered, by a will made in his lifetime, -that his body should be carried to the abbey of Cercamp, of which his -ancestors the counts de St Pol had been the founders. - -In the course of his illness, he had sent for his countess, the sister -to the duke of Bar, having an earnest desire to converse with her -before his last hour; but, notwithstanding the diligence she made to -comply with his request, she did not arrive, accompanied by a niece -of the count's, sister to sir John Luxembourg, until about two hours -after his decease, although they had rode a straddle, on hard-trotting -horses, to make the more speed. They were much shocked on hearing -of his death. When the countess had remained at Yvoix about eight -hours, and disbanded the men at arms of her late lord, she returned to -Ligny-en-Barrois, where she had the obsequies of the count celebrated -in the cathedral church. - -She publicly renounced, by her attorney, all the debts and estates of -her late lord excepting her dower, by placing on his tomb his belt and -purse, of which act she demanded from the public notaries present to -have certificates drawn up. The count's heirs were the two sons of the -duke of Brabant by the daughter of his first wife. - -In this same month, the princes of the blood then at Paris went to -Melun, by command of the queen and the duke of Acquitaine, who were -there resident. While they were occupied on business with the queen, -the duke of Acquitaine set off for Paris with few attendants; and -thence he sent the princes word that they were not to return to Paris -until ordered by the king or himself, and commanded them to retire to -their estates, and to attend to their own affairs. - -After this, the duke knowing that the queen his mother had deposited -large sums in the hands of three persons in Paris, who were her -confidents, namely, Michault de l'Allier, Guillaume Sanguin and Picquit -de la Haye, suddenly entered their houses with his people, and seized -all the money found therein and carried it to his hotel. He then -summoned the provosts of Paris, the university, and the principal -inhabitants to come to him at the Louvre, where he caused to be laid -before them, by the bishop of Chartres, his chancellor, article by -article, the whole history of the government of the kingdom, from the -coronation of the king his father until that moment, showing how the -duke of Anjou had seized the treasures of king Charles his grandfather, -and wasted them in Italy, as well as the portions of the dukes of Berry -and Burgundy, last deceased; then mentioning the death of the late duke -of Orleans and his government, and concluding with the administration -of the present duke of Burgundy, who had consumed the whole of the -finances, and despoiled the kingdom. He then declared, that as duke -of Acquitaine, dauphin of Vienne, and presumptive heir to the crown, -he would no longer suffer such waste to be committed on the public -revenues, or on his father's demesnes. - -To this end, therefore, and for the security and welfare of the king -and realm, he had thus assembled them, to make known to them, and all -the world, his resolution of taking on himself the government of the -kingdom, with a firm determination to provide a remedy against such -abuses in future. - -When the above had been eloquently and elaborately explained to the -assembly, it broke up, and every one returned to his home. - -The princes of the blood, on receiving the orders from the duke -of Acquitaine, took their leave of the queen, and separated from -each other. The duke of Berry went to Dourdan[21], in his county of -Estampes, the duke of Orleans to Orleans, and the duke of Bourbon to -his duchy of Bourbon. The duke of Burgundy was before, as has been -mentioned, in his duchy of Burgundy. - -The king was very ill at his hotel of St Pol at Paris. The next step of -the duke of Acquitaine was to take away his duchess from the company -of the queen, which he did in person, accompanied by the count de -Richemont, and had her placed at St Germain-en-Laye. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 21: Dourdan,--a town in Beauce, on the river Orge, four -leagues from Estampes.] - - - - -CHAP. XXIII. - - THE KING OF ENGLAND ASSEMBLES A LARGE ARMY TO INVADE - FRANCE.--AMBASSADORS SENT HIM FROM THAT COUNTRY.--THE ANSWERS THEY - RECEIVE. - - -When the english ambassadors were returned to England, and had reported -to the king their ill success, the king, princes, and country were much -displeased thereat. After many councils had been holden, it was at -length resolved, that the king should raise the greatest possible force -to invade France, and so sorely despoil that kingdom that the present -king and his successors should be driven from it. - -To provide a sufficient fleet for the transport of his army, he sent -commissioners[22] into Holland and Zealand, who, on proper security -for good payment, made contracts for the number of vessels that would -be wanted. The king of England had prepared all manner of stores and -provisions necessary for war; and in regard to the payment of the -forces, adequate sums were raised: indeed, there remained an overplus -of five hundred thousand nobles, in money or plate. It was determined, -that the king himself, attended by the princes and the whole army, -should embark to invade France as early as possible. - -Intelligence of this was speedily carried to France. The duke of -Acquitaine, who now governed the realm in behalf and in the name of the -king his father, in consequence, held many councils, and remanded to -Paris the duke of Berry, and some other lords, with whom he had several -consultations to know how he should act on this occasion, for the king -was then confined by his disorder. It was determined, that men at arms -and archers should be assembled in various parts of France ready to -march against the English the moment it should be known they were -landed; that garrisons should be placed in every town and castle on the -coast, and that as large sums of money as possible should be raised -with all speed. - -It was likewise resolved to send a solemn embassy to the king of -England, to make him other offers, in answer to the demands of his -last ambassadors. Those appointed for this business were the count -de Vendôme, master William Bouratier, archbishop of Bourges, master -Peter Fennel, bishop of Lisieuz, the lords of Ivry and Bracquemont, -master Gautier Col, secretary to the king, master John Andrieu, and -some others of the great council[23]. Taking advantage of the existing -truce, they set out from Paris, and travelling through Amiens, -Montrieul and Boulogne, to Calais, they there crossed the sea to Dover. -They were in all three hundred and fifty horsemen, and continued their -journey from Dover to Canterbury, where they were met by the king's -harbingers, who conducted them through Rochester to London, and thence -to Winchester, where the king was. - -The archbishop of Bourges explained to the king, in the hall of the -bishop of Winchester, and in the presence of the dukes of Clarence, -Bedford and Gloucester, brothers to the king, and of the lords of the -council, clergy, chivalry and populace, the object of his embassy. The -archbishop spoke first in Latin, and then in the Walloon language, -so eloquently and wisely, that both the English and French who heard -him were greatly surprised. At the conclusion of his harangue he made -offers to the king of a great extent of country in France, with a -large sum of ready money on his marriage with the princess Catherine, -but on condition that he would disband the army he had collected at -Southampton, and at the adjacent sea ports to invade France; and that -by these means an eternal peace would be established between the two -kingdoms. - -The assembly broke up, when the archbishop had ended his speech; and -the french ambassadors were kindly entertained at dinner by the king, -who then appointed a day for them to receive his answer to their -propositions, by the mouth of the archbishop of Canterbury. - -In the course of the archbishop's speech, in which he replied, article -by article, to what the archbishop of Bourges had offered, he added -to some, and passed over others of them, so that he was sharply -interrupted by the archbishop of Bourges, who exclaimed, 'I did not say -so, but such were my words.' The conclusion, however, was, that unless -the king of France would give, as a marriage-portion with his daughter, -the duchies of Acquitaine, of Normandy, of Anjou, of Tours, the -counties of Ponthieu, Mans and Poitou, and every other part that had -formerly belonged to the english monarchs, the king would not desist -from his intended invasion of France, but would despoil the whole of -that kingdom, which had been unjustly detained from him,--and that he -should depend on his sword for the accomplishment of the above, and for -depriving king Charles of his crown. - -The king avowed what the archbishop had said, and added, that thus, -with God's aid, he would act,--and promised it on the word of a king. -The archbishop of Bourges then, according to the custom in France, -demanded permission to speak, and said, 'O king! how canst thou, -consistently with honour and justice, thus wish to dethrone, and -iniquitously destroy the most Christian king of the French, our very -dear and most redoubted lord, the noblest and most excellent of all the -kings in Christendom. O king! with all due reverence and respect, dost -thou think that he has offered by me such extent of territory, and so -large a sum of money with his daughter in marriage, through any fear -of thee, thy subjects or allies? By no means; but, moved by pity and -his love of peace, he has made these offers to avoid the shedding of -innocent blood, and that Christian people may not be overwhelmed in the -miseries of war; for whenever thou shalt make thy promised attempt, he -will call upon God, the blessed virgin, and on all the saints, making -his appeal to them for the justice of his cause,--and with their aid, -and the support of his loyal subjects and faithful allies, thou wilt -be driven out of his dominions, or thou wilt be made prisoner, or thou -wilt there suffer death by orders of that just king whose ambassadors -we are. - -'We have now only to entreat of thee, that thou wouldst have us safely -conducted out of thy realm; and that thou wouldst write to our said -king, under thy hand and seal, the answer which thou hast had given to -us.' - -The king kindly granted their requests; and the ambassadors, having -received handsome presents, returned by way of Dover to Calais, and -thence to Paris. They reported to the duke of Acquitaine in the -presence of the members of the grand council, many knights and other -persons, the ill success of their embassy. At the same time, the -duke of Acquitaine and the council received letters from the king of -England, dated from Winchester, containing his final answer to the -proposals that had been made him. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 22: The _commissioners_ were Richard Clitherow and Symon -Flecte, esquires.--_Foedera._ - -I would refer the reader to this excellent work for the whole detail -of the negotiations with France respecting the marriage of Catherine. -The demands of the english ambassadors are detailed at length, with the -handsome proposals on the part of France, in answer to such exorbitant -and unjust pretensions.] - -[Footnote 23: See the Foedera.] - - - - -CHAP. XXIV. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY SENDS AMBASSADORS TO THE DUKE OF ACQUITAINE. THE - ANSWER THEY RECEIVE.--HE TAKES THE OATH. - - -The duke of Burgundy, tormented by the clamours of those who had -been banished from Paris and the kingdom France, and whom, as I have -noticed, he had taken under his protection, was very desirous of -alleviating their distress, and for this purpose sent ambassadors to -Paris, to his son-in-law the duke of Acquitaine, and to the grand -council of the king. These ambassadors were sir Regnier Pot and the -lord d'Ancre, knights, the bishop of Tournay, and an advocate of -Dijon: they were instructed to solicit the recal of those who had been -banished the kingdom by royal authority, and that the five hundred -who had been excepted by the articles of the peace should be fully -pardoned, and that all which had passed should be forgotten. They were -also to insist, that the duchess of Acquitaine, whom the duke had sent -to reside at St Germain en laye, should inhabit the Louvre with him, -and that he should put away a female friend who lived with him in place -of his said wife. - -If these things were complied with, he promised to take the prescribed -oath to preserve the peace,--otherwise not. - -The duke of Acquitaine was so much angered, when he first heard these -proposals, that the ambassadors did not experience a very agreeable -reception. They waited, therefore, on him another day, in hope of -receiving more favourable answers; but finding that they could no way -succeed in what had been ordered by their lord the duke of Burgundy, -they addressed the duke of Acquitaine as follows: 'Most renowned -prince, and very noble lord, with reverence be it known to you, that -if you do not grant what our aforesaid lord requires of you, he will -never swear to the observance of the late peace; and should the English -invade France, neither he himself nor his vassals will bear arms in -your service, or for the defence of the kingdom.' - -The duke, hearing this, was more exasperated than before; but, -dissembling his feelings, he replied, that he would advise with his -council on the subject of their coming, and within a short time would -send an answer to their lord by a confidential person. Upon this, the -ambassadors returned to Burgundy. - -The duke of Acquitaine consulted the grand council on the above; and in -consequence, sir Guichard Daulphin, the lord de Viel-pont, and master -John de Vailly, president of the parliament, were sent, in the king's -name, to Burgundy, where they treated so effectually with the duke, -whom they met at Dijon, that he took the same oaths the others had -done; and they brought back his certificate under his seal, which was -given to Estienne Mauregard, master of the rolls. - -The duke of Burgundy, however, kept up a very large force of men at -arms and archers, in the duchy and county of Burgundy, and the adjacent -parts, to the great loss of the poor inhabitants, to aid and defend -him, should there be occasion. - -On the 23d day of July, those five hundred persons whose names had -been excepted from the amnesty on the conclusion of the peace between -the duke of Burgundy and the other princes of the blood, were publicly -banished, by sound of trumpet, from France, in the presence of the -ambassadors from the duke of Burgundy, at that time in Paris. - - - - -CHAP. XXV. - - HENRY KING OF ENGLAND MAKES GREAT PREPARATIONS TO INVADE FRANCE. HE - SENDS LETTERS TO THE KING OF FRANCE AT PARIS. - - -It is proper that we now return to the king of England, who was making -vast preparations of warlike stores, and every other necessary, to -accomplish his projected invasion of France. He had marched his army to -Southampton, and to the neighbouring sea-ports; and after the 2d day of -August, when the truce between the two kingdoms expired, the garrisons -of Calais and other places began to overrun and despoil the country of -the Boulonois, and divers other parts. - -The king of France instantly ordered thither, to oppose them, the lord -de Rambures, master of the cross-bows, and the lord de Louroy, with -five hundred combatants, for the defence of the country. Within a few -days after the expiration of the truce, king Henry, whose preparations -were now completed, sent one of his heralds called Glocester[24], to -Paris to deliver letters to the king, of which the contents were as -follows: - -'To the very noble prince, Charles our cousin and adversary of France. -Henry, by the grace of God, king England and of France. To give to -every one what is their due, is a work of inspiration and wise council, -very noble prince, our cousin and adversary. The noble kingdoms of -England and France were formerly united, now they are divided. At that -time it was customary for each person to exalt his name by glorious -victories, and by this single virtue to extol the honour of God, to -whom holiness belongs, and to give peace to his church, by subjecting -in battle the enemies of the public weal. But alas! good faith among -kindred and brotherly love have been perverted; and Lot persecutes -Abraham by human impulsion, and Dissention, the mother of Anger, has -been raised from the dead. - -'We, however, appeal to the sovereign Judge, (who is neither swayed by -prayers nor gifts from doing right), that we have, from pure affection, -done every thing in our power to preserve the peace; and we must now -rely on the sword for regaining what is justly our heritage, and those -rights which have from old time belonged to us; and we feel such -assurance in our courage that we will fight till death in the cause of -justice. - -'The written law in the book of Deuteronomy ordains, that before any -person commences an attack on a city, he shall first offer terms -of peace; and although violence has detained from us our rightful -inheritances, charity, however, induces us to attempt, by fair means, -their recovery; for should justice be denied us, we may then resort to -arms. - -'And to avoid having our conscience affected by this matter, we make -our personal request to you, and exhort you by the bowels of JESUS -CHRIST, to follow the dictates of his evangelical doctrine. Friend, -restore what thou owest, for such is the will of God, to prevent -the effusion of the blood of man, who was created in his likeness. -Such restitution of rights cruelly torn from us, and which we have -so frequently demanded by our ambassadors, will be agreeable to the -supreme God, and secure peace on earth. - -'From our love of peace, we were inclined to refuse fifty thousand -golden crowns lately offered us; for, being more desirous of peace -than riches, we have preferred enjoying the patrimony left us by -our venerable ancestors, with our very dear cousin Catherine, your -noble daughter, to iniquitously multiplying our treasures, and thus -disgracing the honour of our crown, which God forbid! - -'Given under our privy seal, in our castle of Southampton, the 5th day -of the month of August.' - -The above letter having been presented by the herald to the king of -France, he was told that the king and council would examine it, and -consider more at length its contents,--and that the king would provide -accordingly, in such time and place as should seem good to him,--and -that he might return to his lord the king of England when he pleased. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 24: Hollingshed styles him 'Antilope, pursuivant at arms.'] - - - - -CHAP. XXVI. - - THE KING OF ENGLAND, WHILE AT SOUTHAMPTON, DISCOVERS A CONSPIRACY OF - HIS NOBLES AGAINST HIM.--HE LAYS SIEGE TO HARFLEUR, AND WINS THAT TOWN. - - -While the king of England remained at Southampton, to embark his army -which was now ready to sail for France, he was informed that many -lords of his household had entered into a conspiracy against him, with -the intent to place the earl of March, the rightful successor and heir -to Richard the second, on the throne of England. True it is, that the -earl of Cambridge, with others, had plotted to seize the persons of -the king and his brothers, to accomplish the above purpose, and had -revealed their plan to the earl of March, who had discovered it to the -king, advising him, at the same time, to be on his guard, or he would -be betrayed, and named to him the conspirators. King Henry was not -long in having them arrested, when the three principal were beheaded, -namely, the earl of Cambridge, the lord Scrope of Masham, who every -night slept with the king, and sir Thomas Grey. Some others were -afterward executed. - -This matter being ended, the king hastened the embarkation of his -army, and put to sea. On the vigil of the assumption of our Lady, they -made in the night-time a harbour[25], which lies between Harfleur and -Honfleur, where the river Seine enters the sea, and landed without any -effusion of blood. Their fleet might consist of about sixteen hundred -vessels of all sorts, full of soldiers, and every sorts of warlike -stores. - -When the whole of the army was landed, the king fixed his quarters at -a a priory in Graville[26], and his brothers the dukes of Clarence and -Glocester near to him. His uncles, the dukes of York and Dorset, the -bishop of Norwich, the earls of Windsor, Suffolk, earl marshal, Warwick -and Kent, the lords de Camber, Beaumont, Willoughby of Trompington, sir -John de Cornewall, Molliflac[27], with many more, lodged themselves as -well as they could. They marched the army to besiege, with vigour, the -town of Harfleur, the commanding sea-port of all that coast of Normandy. - -The king's army was composed of about six thousand helmets and -twenty-three thousand archers, exclusive of cannoneers, and others -employed with the engines of war, of which he had great abundance. -About four hundred picked men at arms had been sent by the french -government, to defend Harfleur, under the command of the lords -d'Estouteville, governor of the town, de Blainville, de Bacqueville, -de Hermanville de Gaillart de Bos, de Clerè de Bectou, de Adsanches, -de Briautè, de Gaucourt, de l'Isle-Adam, and several other valiant -knights and esquires, to the amount aforesaid, who gallantly opposed -the English. But their attempts were vain against so superior a -force, and in their sallies they had great difficulty to re-enter the -town. They took up the pavement, which was between Montivilliers and -Harfleur, to make the road as bad as possible, and carried away the -stones. Notwithstanding this, the English scoured the country, made -many prisoners, and gained much booty, and planted their large engines -in the most convenient spots for battering the town, which greatly -damaged its walls. - -The besieged were not slack in their defence, but made such good use -of cross-bows and other weapons that many of the English were slain. -The town had but two gates, namely, that of Caltinant and that of -Montivilliers, whence they made several vigorous sallies on the enemy; -but the English defended themselves well. An unfortunate accident befel -the besieged, for a supply of gunpowder sent them by the king of France -was met by the English and taken. - -While these things were passing, the king of France sent against the -English a considerable body of men at arms to Rouen, and other parts on -the frontier under the charge of the constable, the marshal Boucicaut, -the seneschal of Hainault, the lords de Ligny, de Hamede, sir Clugnet -de Brabant, and several other captains. - -These commanders so well guarded the country that the English were -unable to gain any town or fortress, while part of their army was -engaged at the siege, although they took great pains so to do; for -they frequently made excursions in large bodies over the low countries -in search of provision, and to meet the enemy: they did very great -damage wherever they passed, and carried off large booties to their -head-quarters. - -However, by the prudent conduct of the french commanders, the English -were very much straitened for provision, for the greater part of the -stores they had brought with them had been spoiled at sea. Add to -this, that an epidemical bowel-complaint raged in their camp, of which -upwards of two thousand died. The principal persons thus carried off -were, the earl of Stafford, the bishop of Norwich, the lords Beaumonte, -Willoughby of Trompington, Burnel and many other noblemen. - -The king of England, nevertheless, pushed on the siege with great -diligence and labour. He had caused three mines to be carried under the -walls, and his engines had nearly demolished the gates, which being -made known to the inhabitants, and that they were daily liable to be -stormed, they offered to surrender themselves to the king, provided -they were not within three days succoured from France: they gave -hostages for the due performance of this treaty, and thereby saved -their lives by paying ransoms. - -The lord de Bacqueville was sent by the captains in Harfleur to the -king of France and the duke of Acquitaine, who were at Vernon sur -Seine, to make them acquainted with their situation, and to tell them, -that unless they were succoured within three days, they would lose -their town, and all within it. He was in reply told, that the king's -forces were not yet assembled, or prepared to give such speedy succour: -upon which, the lord de Bacqueville returned to Harfleur,--and it was -surrendered to the king of England, on St Maurice's day, to the great -sorrow and loss of the inhabitants, and displeasure of the French; for, -as I have said, it was the principal sea port of that part of Normandy. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 25: Probably Quillebouef.] - -[Footnote 26: Graville,--a small town in Normandy near Harfleur.] - -[Footnote 27: Molliflac. Q. Molins.] - - - - -CHAP. XXVII. - - THE CANONS OF ST GERY IN CAMBRAY QUARREL WITH THE INHABITANTS.--THE - DUKE OF BURGUNDY, IN CONSEQUENCE, MAKES WAR ON CAMBRAY. - - -At this time, there was a great quarrel between the citizens and -inhabitants of Cambray and the canons of the chapter of St Gery, within -that town. The inhabitants, foreseeing that the present war between -England and France might be carried on near their country, determined -for the greater security of themselves and their town, to repair and -enlarge its walls and bulwarks; and consequently, they demolished, by -force or otherwise, many walls of the gardens of the townsmen, which -had encroached too near them. They particularly destroyed the gardens -belonging to the aforesaid canons, taking a large portion of their land -without intending to make them any recompence for what they had done. - -The inhabitants also wanted to prevent the canons selling wine from -their cellars, although they had for a long time done so from their -own vintage. For these several offences and grievances, the canons -having frequently demanded, but in vain, redress from the townsmen, -made heavy complaints of what they had suffered, and were still -suffering, to the duke of Burgundy and his council, because, as earl -of Flanders, he was the hereditary guardian and defender of all the -churches within Cambray. For this guardianship a certain quantity of -corn was annually paid to the duke, as protector of the churches within -the Cambresis, and this impost was called the Gavenne[28] of Cambresis. - -The duke of Burgundy was very much displeased at this conduct of -the Cambresians, and sent solemn messengers to inform them, that if -they did not make instant and full satisfaction to the canons who -were under his protection, for all the damages they had done them, -he should take such measures as would serve for an example to all -others. Not receiving an answer which was agreeable to him, and being -then in Burgundy, he wrote to his son, Philippe count de Charolois, -in Flanders, to order him to secure the canons of St Gery from all -oppression and violence, and to constrain the inhabitants of Cambray to -make reparation for the wrongs they had done them. - -The count of Charolois, knowing the temper of his father, again -summoned the townsmen to make satisfaction to the canons; and because -they sent evasive answers, he secretly advised the canons to leave -Cambray and go to Lille, at which town he would find them a handsome -dwelling. The canons, on this, placed the better part of their effects, -in safety, and then secretly left Cambray and went to Lille, or at -least the greater number of them. - -Soon after their departure, the count de Charolois sent his defiance -to the town of Cambray by Hector de Saveuses, who had assembled full -three hundred combatants. On the feast-day of the exaltation of the -holy cross, he suddenly entered the Cambresis, and advanced almost to -the gates of Cambray, when, it being market-day, he plundered, killed -and wounded very many of the town, and perpetrated other cruel deeds. -Hector did not make any long stay, but departed, with an immense booty, -to quarter himself near to Braye-sur-Somme, saying, that what he had -done was by orders from the count de Charolois. - -This attack much astonished those of Cambray, and put them in great -fear. They conceived a greater hatred than before against the canons of -St Gery, increased every preparation for the defence of their town, and -made daily seizures of the effects of these canons, such as wine, corn, -wood and other necessaries of life. - -The citizens, however, having suffered several inroads, and great -losses, and considering that in the end the war must be the destruction -of their town, solicited duke William count of Hainault, guardian of -Cambray for the king of France, that he would negotiate a peace for -them with his nephew the count de Charolois, and that they were willing -to make every reasonable restitution to the canons for the losses they -might have suffered. - -By the interference, therefore, of duke William and others, the dispute -was referred to some doctors of civil law, who sentenced the citizens -to rebuild all the walls they had destroyed of the canons' gardens, -and to bind themselves to pay annually to the said canons one hundred -francs of royal money, on condition that the said canons were not to -sell any wines from their cellars. The citizens were allowed liberty -to buy up this annuity of a hundred francs for a certain sum, whenever -they shall have the power and inclination so to do. On these and some -other terms was the quarrel appeased, and the canons returned to their -church in Cambray. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 28: Gavenne,--the right of protection due to the counts of -Flanders, in quality of guardians, or gaveniers, of Cambresis.--_Dict. -du vieux Language._] - - - - -CHAP. XXVIII. - - THE KING OF FRANCE COLLECTS A GREAT BODY OF MEN AT ARMS FROM ALL PARTS - OF HIS KINGDOM TO OPPOSE THE ENGLISH.--THE SUMMONS HE ISSUES ON THE - OCCASION. - - -When the king of France and his council heard of the surrender of -Harfleur to the king of England, they consequently expected that he -would attempt greater objects, and instantly issued summonses for -raising in every part of the kingdom the greatest possible force of men -at arms. The better to succeed, he ordered his bailiffs and seneschals -to exert themselves personally throughout their jurisdictions, and -to make known that he had sent ambassadors to England, to offer his -daughter in marriage to king Henry, with an immense portion in lands -and money, to obtain peace, but that he had failed; and the king of -England had invaded his realm, and besieged and taken his town of -Harfleur, very much to his displeasure. On this account, therefore, -he earnestly solicited the aid of all his vassals and subjects, and -required them to join him without delay. - -He also dispatched messengers into Picardy, with sealed letters to -the lords de Croy, de Waurin, de Fosseux, de Crequi, de Heuchin, de -Brimeu, de Mammez, de la Viefville, de Beaufort, d'Inchy, de Noyelle, -de Neufville, and to other noblemen, to order them instantly to raise -their powers, under pain of his indignation, and to join the duke of -Acquitaine, whom he had appointed captain-general of his kingdom. - -The lords of Picardy delayed obeying, for the duke of Burgundy had -sent them and all his subjects orders to hold themselves in readiness -to march with him when he should summon them, and not to attend to the -summons of any other lord, whatever might be his rank. This was the -cause why the above-mentioned men at arms were in no haste to comply -with the king's summons: fresh orders were therefore issued, the tenour -of which was as follows. - -'Charles, by the grace of God, king of France, to the bailiff of -Amiens, or to his lieutenant, greeting. - -'Whereas by our letters we have commanded you to make proclamation -throughout your bailiwick, for all nobles and others accustomed to -bear arms and follow the wars, instantly to join our very dear and -well beloved son, the duke of Acquitaine, whom we have nominated our -captain-general of the kingdom. - -'It is now some time since we have marched against our adversary of -England, who had, with a large army, invaded our province of Normandy, -and taken our town of Harfleur, owing to the neglect and delay of you -and others, in not punctually obeying our orders; for from want of -succours our noble and loyal subjects within Harfleur, after having -made a most vigorous defence, were forced to surrender it to the enemy. - -'And as the preservation and defence of our kingdom is the concern -of all, we call on our good and faithful subjects for aid, and -are determined to regain those parts of which the enemy may be in -possession, and to drive them out of our kingdom in disgrace and -confusion, by the blessing of GOD, the holy Virgin Mary, and with the -assistance of our kindred and loyal subjects. - -'You will therefore, by these presents strictly enjoin every one within -your jurisdictions, on the duty they owe us, to lose no time in arming -themselves, and in hastening to join our said well beloved the duke of -Acquitaine; and you will proclaim these our orders in the most public -manner, and in the usual places, that no one may plead ignorance of -the same; and that under pain of being reputed disobedient, and having -their goods confiscated, they fail not to come to our assistance, -sufficiently armed and mounted. - -'Such as, from illness or old age, may be prevented coming shall send -in their stead, persons well armed and accoutred, with their powers to -join us, or our said son. Should any difficulties be made in obeying -these our commands, you will enforce obedience by seizing on the lands -of such as may refuse placing foragers within their houses, and by -every other means employed on such occasions, that they may be induced -to join with us in expelling the enemy from our kingdom with disgrace -and confusion. - -'You will likewise enjoin, in addition to the above, that all cannon, -engines of war, and other offensive or defensive weapons that can be -spared from the principal towns, be sent to our aid without delay, -which we promise to restore at the end of the war. - -'You will use every possible diligence in seeing to the execution of -these our commands; and should there be any neglect on your part, which -God forbid, we will punish you in such wise that you shall serve for an -example to all others in like manner offending. - -'We command all our officers of justice, and others our subjects, -punctually to obey all your directions respecting the above; and you -will send an acknowledgement of the receipt of these presents to our -loyal subjects the officers of our chamber of accounts in Paris, to be -used as may be thought proper. - -'Given at Meulan, the 20th day of September, in the year of Grace -1415, and of our reign the 36th.' Thus signed by the king and council. - -When this proclamation had been published at Paris and Amiens, and in -other parts of the kingdom, the king sent ambassadors to the dukes -of Burgundy and Orleans, to require that they would, without fail, -instantly send him five hundred helmets each. - -The duke of Orleans was at first contented to send his quota, but -afterward followed with all his forces. The duke of Burgundy made -answer, that he would not send, but come in person with all the -chivalry of his country, to serve the king: however, from some delay -or dispute that arose between them, he did not attend himself, but the -greater part of his subjects armed and joined the french forces. - - - - -CHAP. XXIX. - - THE KING OF ENGLAND MAKES HIS ENTRY INTO HARFLEUR.--THE REGULATIONS - WHICH HE ORDAINED.--HE RESOLVES TO MARCH TO CALAIS.--THE DISPOSITION - AND GOVERNMENT OF THE FRENCH. - - -The town of Harfleur surrendered to the king on the appointed day: -the gates were thrown open, and his commissioners entered the place; -but when the king came to the gate, he dismounted, and had his legs -and feet uncovered, and thence walked barefooted to the parochial -church of St Martin, where he very devoutly offered up his prayers and -thanksgivings to his Creator for his success. After this, he made all -the nobles and men at arms that were in the town his prisoners, and -shortly after sent the greater part of them out of the place cloathed -in their jackets only, taking down their names and surnames in writing, -and making them swear on their faith that they would render themselves -prisoners at Calais on the Martinmas-day next ensuing,--and then they -departed. - -In like manner were the inhabitants constituted prisoners, and forced -to ransom themselves for large sums of money. In addition, they were -driven out of the town, with numbers of women and children, to each of -whom were given five sols and part of their cloathing. It was pitiful -to see and hear the sorrow of these poor people, thus driven away -from their dwellings and property. The priests and clergy were also -dismissed; and in regard to the wealth found there, it was immense, and -appertained to the king, who distributed it among such as he pleased. -Two towers that were very strong, and situated on the side next the -sea, held out for ten days after the surrender of the town; but then -they surrendered also. - -The king of England ordered the greater part of his army home, by way -of Calais, under the command of his brother the duke of Clarence and -the earl of Warwick. His prisoners and the great booty he had made were -sent by sea to England, with his warlike engines. When the king had -repaired the walls and ditches of the town he placed in it a garrison -of five hundred men at arms and one thousand archers, under the command -of the governor sir John le Blond, knight[29]: he added a very large -stock of provision and of warlike stores. - -After fifteen days residence in Harfleur, the king of England departed, -escorted by two thousand men at arms and about thirteen thousand -archers, and numbers of other men, intending to march to Calais. His -first quarters were at Fauville[30] and in the adjacent places: then, -traversing the country of Caux, he made for the county of Eu. Some of -the english light troops came before the town of Eu, in which were -several french men at arms, who sallied out to oppose them: in the -number was a most valiant man at arms, called Lancelot Pierres, who, -having attacked one of the English, was struck by him with a lance, -which piercing the plates of his armour, mortally wounded him in the -belly, and being thus wounded, he was killed by the Englishman, to the -great grief of the count d'Eu and many of the French. - -Thence the king of England marched through Vimeu, with the intent -of crossing the river Somme at Blanchetaque, where his predecessor, -king Edward, had passed when he gained the battle of Cressy against -Philippe de Valois; but learning from his scouts that the French had -posted a considerable force to guard that ford, he altered his route, -and marched toward Arraines, burning and destroying the whole country, -making numbers of prisoners and acquiring a great booty. - -On Sunday, the 13th of October, he lodged at Bailleul in Vimeu,--and -thence crossing the country, he sent a considerable detachment to gain -the pass of the Pont de Remy[31]; but the lord de Vaucourt, with his -children and a great number of men at arms, gallantly defended it -against the English. This constrained king Henry to continue his march, -and quarter his army at Hangest sur Somme[32] and in the neighbouring -villages. - -At that time, the lord d'Albreth, constable of France, the marshal -Boucicaut, the count de Vendôme grand master of the household, the lord -de Dampierre, calling himself admiral of France, the duke d'Alençon, -the count de Richemont, with a numerous and gallant chivalry, were in -Abbeville. On hearing of the line of march which the king of England -was pursuing, they departed thence and went to Corbie and Peronne, with -their army near at hand, but dispersed over the country to guard all -the fords of the river Somme against the English. The king of England -marched from Hangest to Ponthieu[33], passing by Amiens, and fixed his -quarters at Boves, then at Herbonnieres, Vauville[34], Bainviller, the -French marching on the opposite bank of the Somme. - -At length the English crossed that river on the morrow of St Luke's -day, by the ford between Betencourt and Voyenne[35], which had not been -staked by those of St Quentin as they had been ordered by the king of -France. The english army were quartered at Monchy la Gache[36], near -the river of Miraumont; and the lords of France, with their forces, -retired to Bapaume and the adjacent parts. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 29: Hollingshed says, that the king appointed the -duke of Exeter governor of Harfleur, and sir John Fastolfe -lieutenant-governor,--and that the duke of Clarence had leave to return -to England on account of the epidemical disorder that was so fatal to -the army before Harfleur.] - -[Footnote 30: Fauville,--a market-town of Normandy, in the country of -Caux, four leagues from Fécamp.] - -[Footnote 31: Pont de Remy,--a village in Picardy, election of -Abbeville.] - -[Footnote 32: Hangest sur Somme,--a small town in Picardy, diocese of -Amiens.] - -[Footnote 33: Ponthieu,--a village near Amiens.] - -[Footnote 34: Vauville,--a village near Peronne.] - -[Footnote 35: Villages between Hamme and St Quentin.] - -[Footnote 36: Monchy la Gache,--a small town near Hamme.] - - - - -CHAP. XXX. - - THE KING OF FRANCE AND SEVERAL OF THE PRINCES OF THE BLOOD ROYAL HOLD - A COUNCIL AT ROUEN, AND RESOLVE ON FIGHTING THE ENGLISH. - - -While these things were passing, the king of France and the duke of -Acquitaine came to Rouen, and on the 30th day of October a council was -held to consider how they should best act, in regard to opposing the -king of England. There were present at this council the king of Sicily, -the dukes of Berry and Brittany, the count de Ponthieu, youngest son to -the king of France, the chancellors of France and of Acquitaine, with -other able advisers, to the amount of thirty-five persons. - -When the matter had been fully discussed in the king's presence, it was -resolved by thirty of the said counsellors, that the king of England -should be combated. The minority of five gave substantial reasons -against fighting the english army at the time they had fixed on; but -the opinion of the majority prevailed. The king of France instantly -sent his commands to the constable, and to his other captains, to -collect incontinently as large a force as they could, and give battle -to the king of England. Orders were likewise dispatched through every -part of the realm for all noblemen accustomed to bear arms to hasten -day and night to the constable's army wherever it might be. - -The duke of Acquitaine had a great desire to join the constable, -although his father had forbidden him; but, by the persuasions of the -king of Sicily and the duke of Berry, he was prevailed on to give it up. - -The different lords now hastened with all speed to unite their men to -the army of the constable, who, on his approach toward Artois, sent the -lord de Montgaugier to announce to the count de Charolois, only son -of the duke of Burgundy, the positive orders he had received to give -battle to the English, and to entreat him most affectionately, in the -king's and constable's name, to make one of the party. - -The lord de Montgaugier met the count de Charolois at Arras, and was -well received by him and his courtiers. When he had explained the cause -of his coming to the count in presence of his council, the lords des -Robais and de la Viefville, his principal ministers, replied, that the -count would make sufficient haste to be present at the ensuing battle, -and on this they parted. Now although the count de Charolois most -anxiously desired to combat the English, and though his said ministers -gave him to understand that he should be present, they had received -from the duke of Burgundy express orders to the contrary, and they were -commanded, under pain of his highest displeasure, not to suffer him -to go on any account. In consequence, to draw him farther off, they -carried him from Arras to Aire. To this place the constable sent again -to request his support; and Montjoy, king at arms, was dispatched to -him with a similar request from the king of France. However, matters -were managed otherwise by his ministers: and they even contrived to -keep him secretly in the castle of Aire, that he might not know when -the day of the battle was fixed. Notwithstanding this, the greater part -of the officers of his household, well knowing that a battle must be -near at hand, set out unknown to him, to join the French in the ensuing -combat with the English. The count de Charolois therefore remained with -the young lord d'Antoing and his ministers, who at last, to appease -him, were forced to avow the positive orders they had received, not to -permit him to be present at the battle. This angered him very much; -and, as I have been told, he withdrew to his chamber in tears. - -We must now return to the king of England, whom we left at Monche la -Gache. He thence marched toward Ancre[37], and quartered himself at -Forceville[38], and his army at Cheu and the adjacent parts. On the -morrow, which was Wednesday, he marched near to Lucheux[39] and was -quartered at Bouvieres l'Escaillon; but his uncle the duke of York -who commanded the van division, was lodged at Fienench, on the river -Canche: it is true that this night the English were quartered much -apart, in seven or eight different villages. - -They were, however, no way interrupted; for the French had advanced, -to be beforehand with them at St Pol and on the river Aunun. On the -Thursday, the king of England dislodged from Bouvieres, and marched -in handsome array to Blangy[40]: when he had there crossed the river, -and ascended the heights, his scouts saw the French advancing in -large bodies of men at arms to quarter themselves at Rousianville and -Azincourt, to be ready to combat the English on the ensuing day. - -On this Thursday, Philip count de Nevers, on his return from a -reconnoitring party about vespers, was knighted by Boucicaut marshal -of France, and with him many other great lords received that honour. -Shortly after, the constable arrived near to Azincourt; and the whole -french army, being then formed into one body, was encamped on the -plain, each man under his banner, excepting those of low degree, who -lodged themselves as well as they could in the adjoining villages. - -The king of England quartered his army at a small village called -Maisoncelles, about three bow-shots distant from the enemy. The French, -with all the royal officers, namely, the constable, the marshal -Boucicaut, the lord de Dampierre and sir Clugnet de Brabant, each -styling himself admiral of France, the lord de Rambures, master of the -cross-bows, with many other princes, barons and knights, planted their -banners, with loud acclamations of joy, around the royal banner of the -constable, on the spot they had fixed upon, and which the English must -pass on the following day, on their march to Calais. - -Great fires were this night lighted near to the banner under which each -person was to fight; but although the French were full one hundred and -fifty thousand strong, with a prodigious number of waggons and carts, -containing cannon and all other military stores, they had but little -music to cheer their spirits; and it was remarked, with surprise, -that scarcely any of their horses neighed during the night, which was -considered by many as a bad omen. - -The English, during the whole night, played on their trumpets, and -various other instruments, insomuch that the whole neighbourhood -resounded with their music; and notwithstanding they were much fatigued -and oppressed by cold, hunger, and other discomforts, they made their -peace with God, by confessing their sins with tears, and numbers of -them taking the sacrament; for, as it was related by some prisoners, -they looked for certain death on the morrow. - -The duke of Orleans sent, in the night-time, for the count de -Richemonte, who commanded the duke of Acquitaine's men and the Bretons, -to join him; and when this was done, they amounted to about two hundred -men at arms and archers, they advanced near to the quarters of the -English, who suspecting they meant to surprise them, drew up in battle -array, and a smart skirmish took place. The duke of Orleans and several -others were, on this occasion, knighted, but the action did not last -long,--and the French retired to their camp,--and nothing more was done -that night. - -The duke of Brittany was, at this time, come from Rouen, to Amiens, to -join the French with six thousand men, if the battle had been delayed -until the Saturday. In like manner, the marshal de Longny was hastening -to their aid with six hundred men. He was quartered that night only six -leagues from the main army, and had set out very early the following -morning to join them. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 37: Ancre or Albert,--four leagues from Peronne, seven from -Amiens.] - -[Footnote 38: Forceville,--a village near Ancre.] - -[Footnote 39: Lucheux,--a town in Picardy, near Dourlens.] - -[Footnote 40: Blangy,--a village in Picardy, near Amiens.] - - - - -CHAP. XXXI. - - THE FRENCH AND ENGLISH MEET IN BATTLE ON THE PLAINS OF AZINCOURT. THE - ENGLISH GAIN THE VICTORY. - - -On the ensuing day, which was Friday the 25th of October, in the year -1415, the constable and all the other officers of the king of France, -the dukes of Orleans, Bourbon, Bar and Alençon; the counts de Nevers, -d'Eu, de Richemonte, de Vendôme, de Marle, de Vaudemont, de Blaumonte, -de Salines, de Grand Pré, de Roussy, de Dampmartin, and in general all -the other nobles and men at arms, put on their armour and sallied out -of their quarters. Then, by the advice of the constable and others of -the king of France's council, the army was formed into three divisions, -the vanguard, the main body, and the rearguard. The van consisted of -about eight thousand helmets, knights, and esquires, four thousand -archers, and fifteen hundred cross-bows. - -This was commanded by the constable, having with him the dukes of -Orleans and Bourbon, the counts d'Eu and de Richemonte, the marshal -Boucicaut, the master of the cross-bows, the lord de Dampierre admiral -of France, sir Guichart Dauphin, and some others. The count de Vendôme, -and others of the king's officers were to form a wing of fifteen -hundred men at arms, to fall on the right flank of the English; and -another wing, under the command of sir Clugnet de Brabant admiral of -France, sir Louis Bourdon and eight hundred picked men at arms, was to -attack the left flank: with this last were included, to break in on the -english archers, sir William de Saveuses, with his brothers sir Hector -and sir Philippe, Ferry de Mailly, Aliaume de Gaspammes, Allain de -Vendôme, Lamont de Launoy, and many more. - -The main battalion was composed of an equal number of knights, -esquires, and archers as the van, and commanded by the dukes of Bar and -Alençon, the counts de Nevers, de Vaudemont, de Blaumont, de Salines, -de Grand-pré, and de Roussy. - -The rear guard consisted of the surplus of men at arms, under the -orders of the counts de Marle, de Dampmartin, de Fauquembergh, and the -lord de Louvroy, governor of Ardres, who had led thither the garrisons -on the frontiers of the Boulonois. - -When these battalions were all drawn up, it was a grand sight to -view; and they were, on a hasty survey, estimated to be more than six -times the number of the English. After they had been thus arranged, -they seated themselves by companies as near to their own banners as -they could, to wait the coming of the enemy; and while they refreshed -themselves with food, they made up all differences that might before -have existed between any of them. In this state they remained until -between nine and ten o'clock in the morning, no way doubting, from -their numbers, but the English must fall an easy prey to them. Some, -however, of the wisest of them had their fears, and dreaded the event -of an open battle. - -The English on that morning, perceiving that the French made no -advances to attack them, refreshed themselves with meat and drink. -After calling on the divine aid against the French, who seemed to -despise them, they dislodged from Maisoncelles, and sent some of their -light troops in the rear of the town of Azincourt, where, not finding -any men at arms, in order to alarm the French, they set fire to a barn -and house belonging to the priory of St George at Hesdin. On the other -hand, the king of England dispatched about two hundred archers to the -rear of his army, with orders to enter the village of Tramecourt[41] -secretly, and to post themselves in a field near the van of the French, -there to remain quiet until it should be a proper time for them to -use their bows. The rest of the English remained with king Henry, and -were shortly after drawn up in battle array by sir Thomas Erpinghan; a -knight grown grey with age and honour, who placed the archers in front, -and the men at arms behind them. He then formed two wings of men at -arms and archers, and posted the horses with the baggage in the rear. - -Each archer planted before himself a stake sharpened at both ends. - -Sir Thomas, in the name of the king, exhorted them all most earnestly -to defend their lives, and thus saying he rode along their ranks -attended by two persons. When all was done to his satisfaction, he -flung into the air a truncheon which he held in his hand, crying out, -'Nestrocque[42]!' and then dismounted, as the king and the others had -done. When the English saw sir Thomas throw up his truncheon, they set -up a loud shout, to the very great astonishment of the French. - -The English seeing the enemy not inclined to advance, marched toward -them in handsome array, and with repeated huzzas, occasionally stopping -to recover their breath. The archers, who were hidden in the field, -re-echoed these shoutings, at the same time discharging their bows, -while the english army kept advancing upon the French. - -Their archers, amounting to at least thirteen thousand, let off a -shower of arrows, with all their might, and as high as possible, so as -not to lose their effect: they were, for the most part, without any -armour, and in jackets, with their hose loose, and hatchets or swords -hanging to their girdles: some indeed were barefooted and without hats. - -The princes with the king of England were the duke of York, his uncle, -the earls of Dorset, Oxford, Suffolk, the earl marshal, the earl of -Kent, the lords Cambre, Beaumont, Willoughby, sir John de Cornewall, -and many other powerful barons of England. - -When the French observed the English thus advance, they drew up each -under his banner, with his helmet on his head: they were, at the -same time, admonished by the constable, and others of the princes, -to confess their sins with sincere contrition, and to fight boldly -against the enemy. The English loudly sounded their trumpets as they -approached; and the French stooped to prevent the arrows hitting them -on the vizors of their helmets; thus the distance was now but small -between the two armies, although the French had retired some paces: -before, however, the general attack commenced, numbers of the French -were slain and severely wounded by the English bowmen. - -At length the English gained on them so much, and were so close, that -excepting the front line, and such as had shortened their lances, the -enemy could not raise their hands against them. The division under sir -Clugnet de Brabant, of eight hundred men at arms, who were intended to -break through the English archers, were reduced to seven score, who -vainly attempted it. True it is, that sir William de Saveuses, who -had been also ordered on this service, quitted his troop, thinking -they would follow him, to attack the English, but he was shot dead -from off his horse. The others had their horses so severely handled -by the archers, that, smarting from pain, they galloped on the van -division, and threw it into the utmost confusion, breaking the line in -many places. The horses were become unmanageable, so that horses and -riders were tumbling on the ground, and the whole army was thrown into -disorder, and forced back on some lands that had been just sown with -corn. Others, from fear of death, fled; and this caused so universal a -panic in the army that great part followed the example. - -The English took instant advantage of the disorder in the van division, -and, throwing down their bows, fought lustily with swords, hatchets, -mallets and bill-hooks, slaying all before them. Thus they came to -the second battalion, that had been posted in the rear of the first; -and the archers followed close king Henry and his men at arms. Duke -Anthony of Brabant, who had just arrived in obedience to the summons of -the king of France, threw himself with a small company (for, to make -greater haste, he had pushed forward, leaving the main body of his men -behind), between the wreck of the van and the second division; but he -was instantly killed by the English, who kept advancing and slaying, -without mercy, all that opposed them, and thus destroyed the main -battalion as they had done the first. They were, from time to time, -relieved by their varlets, who carried off the prisoners; for the -English were so intent on victory, that they never attended to making -prisoners, nor pursuing such as fled. - -The whole rear division being on horseback, witnessing the defeat of -the two others, began to fly, excepting some of its principal chiefs. - -During the heat of the combat, when the English had gained the upper -hand and made several prisoners, news was brought to king Henry, -that the French were attacking his rear, and had already captured -the greater part of his baggage and sumpter-horses. This was indeed -true, for Robinet de Bournouville, Rifflart de Clamasse, Ysambart -d'Azincourt, and some other men at arms, with about six hundred -peasants, had fallen upon and taken great part of the king's baggage, -and a number of horses while the guard was occupied in the battle. This -distressed the king very much, for he saw that though the french army -had been routed they were collecting on different parts of the plain -in large bodies, and he was afraid they would renew the battle. He -therefore caused instant proclamation to be made by sound of trumpet, -that every one should put his prisoners to death, to prevent them -from aiding the enemy, should the combat be renewed. This caused an -instantaneous and general massacre of the french prisoners, occasioned -by the disgraceful conduct of Robinet de Bournouville, Ysambart -d'Azincourt, and the others, who were afterward punished for it, and -imprisoned a very long time by duke John of Burgundy, notwithstanding -they had made a present to the count de Charolois of a most precious -sword, ornamented with diamonds, that had belonged to the king of -England. They had taken this sword, with other rich jewels, from king -Henry's baggage[43],--and had made this present, that, in case they -should at any time be called to an account for what they had done, the -count might stand their friend. - -The count de Marle, the count de Fauquembergh, the lords de Louvroy -and du Chin, had with some difficulty retained about six hundred men -at arms, with whom they made a gallant charge on the English; but it -availed nothing, for they were all killed or made prisoners. There were -other small bodies of French on different parts of the plain; but they -were soon routed, slain or taken. - -The conclusion was a complete victory on the part of the king of -England, who only lost about sixteen hundred men of all ranks: among -the slain was the duke of York, uncle to the king. On the eve of this -battle, and the following morning, before it began, there were upwards -of five hundred knights made by the French. - -When the king of England found himself master of the field of battle, -and that the French, excepting such as had been killed or taken, were -flying in all directions, he made the circuit of the plain, attended -by his princes; and while his men were employed in stripping the dead, -he called to him the french herald Montjoye king at arms, and with him -many other french and English heralds, and said to them, 'It is not we -who have made this great slaughter, but the omnipotent God, and, as we -believe, for a punishment of the sins of the French.' - -He then asked Montjoye, to whom the victory belonged: to him, or to the -king of France. Montjoye replied, that the victory was his, and could -not be claimed by the king of France. The king then asked the name -of the castle he saw near him: he was told, it was called Azincourt. -'Well then,' added he, 'since all battles should bear the names of the -fortress nearest to the spot where they were fought, this battle shall -from henceforth bear the ever-durable name of Azincourt.' - -The English remained a considerable time on the field, and seeing they -were delivered from their enemies, and that night was approaching, -they retreated in a body to Maisoncelles, where they had lodged the -preceding night: they again fixed their quarters there, carrying with -them many of their wounded. After they had quitted the field of battle, -several of the French, half dead and wounded, crawled away into an -adjoining wood, or to some villages, as well as they could, where many -expired. - -On the morrow, very early, king Henry dislodged with his army from -Maisoncelles, and returned to the field of battle: all the French -they found there alive were put to death or made prisoners. Then, -pursuing their road toward the sea-coast, they marched away: three -parts of the army were on foot sorely fatigued with their efforts in -the late battle, and greatly distressed by famine and other wants. In -this manner did the king of England return, without any hindrance, -to Calais, rejoicing at his great victory, and leaving the French in -the utmost distress and consternation at the enormous loss they had -suffered. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 41: Tramecourt,--a village of Artois, bailiwick of St Pol.] - -[Footnote 42: Hollingshed says, his throwing up his truncheon was for a -signal to the archers posted in the field at Tramecourt to commence the -battle.] - -[Footnote 43: See the Foedera, where the loss of these jewels, &c, is -specified.] - - - - -CHAP. XXXII. - - THE NAMES OF THE PRINCES, AND OTHER LORDS FROM DIVERS COUNTRIES, - WHO PERISHED AT THIS UNFORTUNATE BATTLE, AND OF THOSE WHO WERE MADE - PRISONERS. - - -Here follow the names of those lords and gentlemen who were slain at -the battle of Azincourt, on the side of the French. - -We shall begin with the king's officers: the lord Charles d'Albreth, -constable of France, the marshal Boucicaut, carried a prisoner to -England, where he died, sir James de Chastillon lord de Dampierre, -admiral of France, the lord de Rambures master of the cross-bows, sir -Guichard Daulphin master of the king's household. - -Of the princes were, duke Anthony of Brabant, brother to the duke of -Burgundy, Edward duke of Bar, the duke d'Alençon, the count de Nevers, -brother to the duke of Burgundy, sir Robert de Bar, count de Marle, -the count de Vaudemont, John brother to the duke of Bar, the count de -Blaumont, the count de Grand-pré, the count de Roussy, the count de -Fauquenberghe, sir Louis de Bourbon, son to the lord de Préaux. - -The names of other great lords as well from Picardy as elsewhere: the -vidame of Amiens, the lord de Croy, and his son sir John de Croy, -the lords de Helly, d'Auxi, de Brimeu, de Poix, l'Estendart lord de -Crequi, the lord de Lauvroy, sir Vitart de Bours, sir Philippe d'Auxi, -lord de Dampierre bailiff of Amiens, his son the lord de Raineval, his -brother sir Allain, the lord de Mailly and his eldest son the lord -d'Inchy, sir William de Saveuses, the lord de Neufville and his son the -castellan of Lens, sir John de Moreul, sir Rogue de Poix, sir John de -Bethune lord of Moreul in Brie, sir Symon de Craon lord de Clarsy, the -lord de Rocheguyon, and his brother the vidame de Launois, the lord -de Galigny, the lord d'Aliegre in Auvergne, the lord de Bauffremont -in Champagne, sir James de Heu, the lord de Saint Bris, Philippe de -Fosseux, sir Regnault de Crequy, lord de Comptes, and his son sir -Philippe, the lord de Mannes and his brother Lancelot, Mahieu and John -de Humieres, brothers, sir Louis de Beausault, the lord de Ront, sir -Raoul de Manne, sir Oudart de Renty and two of his brothers, the lord -d'Applincourt and his son sir James, sir Louis de Guistelle, the lord -de Vaurin and his son the lord de Lidequerke, sir James de Lescuelle, -the lord de Hames, the lord de Hondescocte, the lord de Pulchres, sir -John Baleul, sir Raoul de Flandres, sir Collart de Fosseux, the lord -de Roissimbos and his brother Louis de Boussy, the lord de Thiennes, -the lord d'Azincourt and his son, sir Hustin Kieret, le bègue de Caien -and his brother Payen, the lord de Varigines, the lord d'Auffemont and -his son sir Raulequin, sir Raoul de Neele, the lord de St Crêpin, the -viscount de Quesnes, sir Pierre de Beauvoir, bailiff of the Vermandois, -sir John de Lully and his brother sir Griffon, the lord de St Symon -and his brother Gallois, Collart de la Porte, lord of Bellincourt, -sir Yvain de Cramailles, the lord de Cerny in the Laonnois, sir -Drieu d'Orgiers, lord de Bethencourt, sir Gobert de la Bove, lord de -Savoisy, the lord de Becqueville and his son sir John Marthel, the lord -d'Utrecht, the seneschal d'Eu, the lord de la Riviere de Tybouville, -the lord de Courcy, the lord de St Beuve, the lord de Beau-mainnil, -the lord de Combouchis, the lord de la Heuse, the lord Viesport, sir -Bertrand Painel, the lord Chambois, the lord de St Cler, the lord de -Montcheveul, the lord d'Ouffreville, sir Enguerrand de Fontaines and -his brother sir Charles, sir Almaury de Craon lord de Brolay, the -lord de Montejan, the lord de la Haye, the lord de l'Isle Bouchart, -sir John de Craon, lord de Montbason, the lord de Bueuil, the lord de -Laumont sur Loire, sir Anthony de Craon, lord de Beau Vergier, the -lord d'Asse, the lord de la Tour, the lord de l'Isle Gonnort, sir John -de Dreux, sir Germain de Dreux, the viscount de Tremblay, sir Robert -de Bouvay, sir Robert de Challus, sir John de Bonnebault, the lord de -Mongaugier, sir John de Valcourt, the lord de Sainteron, sir Ferry de -Sardonne, sir Peter d'Argie, sir Henry d'Ornay, the lord des Roches, -sir John de Montenay, the lord de Bethencourt, the lord de Combourt, -the viscount de la Belliere, the lord de la Tute, sir Bertrand de -Montauban, Bertrand de St Gille, seneschal of Hainault, the lord de -la Hamecte, the lord du Quesnoy, the lord de Montigny, the lord de -Quiervran, the lord de Jumont, the lord de Chin, sir Symon de Havrech, -the lord de Poctes, sir John de Gres, sir Allemand d'Estaussines, sir -Philippe de Lens and sir Henry, brothers to the bishop of Cambray, sir -Michel du Chastellier and his brother Guillaume de Vaudripont, Ernoul -de Vaudrigien, Pierre de Molin, Jean de Buait, George de Quiervran -and his brother Henry, the lord de Saures, sir Briffault his brother, -le Baudrain d'Aisne knight, sir Maillart d'Azouville, Palamedes des -Marquais, the lord de Bousincourt, the lord de Fresencourt, the lord -de Vallusant, the lord de Hectrus, Guernier de Brusquent, the lord de -Moy in the Beauvoisis, his son Gamot de Bournouville and his brother -Bertrand, Louvelet de Massinguehen and his brother, sir Collart de -Phiennes, Alain de Vendôme, Lamont de Launoy, sir Colinet de St Py, -the lord de Bos d'Ancquin, Lancelot de Fremeusent, the lord d'Aumont, -sir Robinet de Vaucoux, sir Raisse de Moncaurel, sir Lancelot de -Clary, the lord de la Rachie, sir Guerard d'Herbaines, sir Guerard de -Haucourt, sir Robert de Montigny, sir Charles de Montigny, sir Charles -de Chastillon, Philippe de Poitiers, the lord de Feuldes, the lord de -St Pierre, Guillaume Fortescu, Burel de Guerames, Robert de Potiaumes, -the son to the bailiff of Rouen, the provost to the marshals of France. -Bertrand de Belloy, Jacques de Han, the lord de Baisir and Martel du -Vauhuon his brother, Jean de Maletraicts, Raoul de Ferrieres, Raoul -de Longeul knight, Henry de la Lande, sir Ernault de Corbie, lord -d'Aniel, Jean Discoüevelle, sir Yvain de Beauval, sir Brunel Fretel, -le Baudrain de Belloy knight, sir Regnault d'Azincourt, the governor -of the county of Rethel, Ponce de Salus knight, lord of Chastel-neuf, -the lord de Marquectes, Symmonet de Morviller, Foleville, butler to the -duke of Acquitaine, Gallois de Fougiers, sir Lancelot de Rubemprè, -Lyonnet Torbis, the lord de Boissay, Anthony d'Ambrine, sir Hector de -Chartres the younger and his two brothers, Tauppinet de la Nefville, -Thibault de Fay, the lord de Beauvoir sur Autre, Hue des Autels, the -lord de Caucroy and his brother Eustace d'Aubrunes, Lancelot de Couchy, -Jean de Launoy, sir Collart de Monbertant, sir Charles Boutry, sir -Guy Gourle, with John Gourle his brother, le Bon de Sains, Anthony de -Broly, Guillaume de Villers, lord d'Urendone, Floridas du Souys, the -lord de Regnauville, Baughois de la Beuvriere, and his brother Gamart, -le Plontre de Gerboal, Pierre Aloyer, Percival de Richebourg, the lord -de Fiefes and his son the bègue de Quenoulles, Godfrey de St Marc, the -lord de Teneques, the lord de Herlin, Symon de Monchiaux, sir Maillet -de Gournay and his brother Porus, Jean de Noyelle, Pierre de Noyelle -and Lancelot de Noyelle, sir Carnel de Hangiers, Jean d'Authville lord -de Vaverans, Regnault de Guerbauval, William lord de Rin, Pierre Remy, -Sausset d'Eusne, the Lord de Haucourt in Cambresis, sir Guichard -d'Ausne, the lord de Raisse, the lord d'Espaigny, the lord de Cheppon, -Jean de Chaule lord of Bretigny, Jean de Blausel, Guillebert de -Gubauval, Haudin de Beleval, sir Guerard de Hauressis, sir Louis de -Vertain, sir Estourdy d'Ongines with his brother Bertrand, sir Henry -de Boissy lord of Caule, sir Arthur de Moy, the borgne de Noaille, sir -Floridas de Moreul, sir Tristrain de Moy, sir Bridoul de Puiveurs, -the lord de Verneul, Langhois de Guerbauval, the viscount de Dommart, -Ponchon de la Tour, Godfrey de Prouville. - -In short, the numbers of persons, including princes, knights, and men -of every degree, slain that day, amounted to upward of ten thousand, -according to the estimates of heralds and other able persons. - -The bodies of the greater part were carried away by their friends after -the departure of the English, and buried where it was agreeable to them. - -Of these ten thousand, it was supposed only sixteen hundred were of -low degree; the rest all gentlemen; for in counting the princes, there -were one hundred and six score banners destroyed. - -During the battle, the duke of Alençon most valiantly broke through the -english line, and advanced, fighting, near to the king,--insomuch that -he wounded and struck down the duke of York: king Henry, seeing this, -stepped forth to his aid; and as he was leaning down to raise him, the -duke of Alençon gave him a blow on the helmet that struck off part of -his crown. The king's guards on this surrounded him, when, seeing he -could no way escape death but by surrendering, he lifted up his arm, -and said to the king, 'I am the duke of Alençon and yield myself to -you;' but, as the king was holding out his hand to receive his pledge, -he was put to death by the guards. - -At this period, the lord de Longny marshal of France, as I have said, -was hastening, with six hundred men at arms attached to the king of -Sicily, to join the French, and was within one league of them, when he -met many wounded and more running away, who bade him return, for that -the lords of France were all slain or made prisoners by the English. In -consequence, Longny, with grief at heart and in despair, went to the -king of France at Rouen. - -It was supposed, that about fifteen hundred knights and gentlemen were -this day made prisoners: the names of the principal are, Charles duke -of Orleans, the duke of Bourbon, the count d'Eu, the count de Vendôme, -the count de Richemont, sir James de Harcourt, sir John de Craon -lord of Dommart, the lord de Humieres, the lord de Roye, the lord de -Cauny, sir Boors Quieret lord of Heuchin, sir Peter Quieret lord of -Hamecourt, the lord de Ligne in Hainault, the lord de Noyelle, surnamed -le Chevalier Blanc, Baudo his son, the young lord of Inchy, sir John de -Vaucourt, sir Actis de Brimeu, sir Jennet de Poix, the eldest son and -heir to the lord de Ligne, sir Gilbert de Launoy, the lord d'Ancob in -Ternois. - - - - -CHAP. XXXIII. - - ON THE DEPARTURE OF THE ENGLISH, MANY FRENCHMEN VISIT THE FIELD OF - BATTLE TO SEEK THEIR FRIENDS, WHOM THEY BURY,--AND OTHER MATTERS. - - -When the king of England had on this Saturday begun his march toward -Calais, many of the French returned to the field of battle, where the -bodies had been turned over more than once, some to seek for their -lords, and carry them to their own countries for burial,--others to -pillage what the English had left. King Henry's army had only taken -gold, silver, rich dresses, helmets, and what was of value; for which -reason, the greater part of the armour was untouched and on the dead -bodies; but it did not long remain thus, for it was very soon stripped -off, and even the shirts, and all other parts of their dress were -carried away by the peasants of the adjoining villages. - -The bodies were left exposed as naked as when they came into the world. -On the Saturday, Sunday, Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday, the corpses of -many princes were well washed and raised, namely, the dukes of Brabant, -Bar and Alençon, the counts de Nevers, de Blaumont, de Vaudemont, de -Faulquemberge the lord de Dampierre, admiral, sir Charles d'Albreth, -constable, and buried in the church of the Friars Minors at Hesdin. -Others were carried by their servants, some to their own countries, and -others to different churches. All who were recognised were taken away, -and buried in the churches of their manors. - -When Philippe count de Charolois heard of the unfortunate and -melancholy disaster of the French, he was in great grief, more -especially for the death of his two uncles, the duke of Brabant and -count de Nevers. Moved by compassion, he caused all that had remained -exposed on the field of battle to be interred, and commissioned the -abbot de Roussianville and the bailiff of Aire to have it done. They -measured out a square of twenty-five yards, wherein were dug three -trenches twelve feet wide in which were buried, by an account kept, -five thousand eight hundred men. It was not known how many had been -carried away by their friends, nor what number of the wounded had died -in hospitals, towns, villages, and even in the adjacent woods; but, as -I have before said, it must have been very great. - -This square was consecrated as a burying ground by the bishop of -Guines, at the command and as procurator of Louis de Luxembourg, bishop -of Therounne. It was surrounded by a strong hedge of thorns, to prevent -wolves or dogs from entering it, and tearing up and devouring the -bodies. - -In consequence of this sad event, some learned clerks of the realm made -the following verses: - - 'A chief by dolorous mischance oppress'd, - A prince who rules by arbitrary will, - A royal house by discord sore distress'd, - A council, prejudic'd and partial still, - Subjects by prodigality brought low, - Will fill the land with beggars, well we trow. - - Nobles made noble in dame Nature's spite - A tim'rous clergy fear, and truth conceal, - While humble commoners forego their right - And the harsh yoke of proud oppression feel: - Thus, while the people mourn, the public woe - Will fill the land with beggars, well we trow. - - Ah feeble woe! whose impotent commands - Thy very vassals boldly dare despise: - Ah helpless monarch! whose enervate hands - And wavering counsels dare no high emprize: - Thy hapless reign will cause our tears to flow, - And fill the land with beggars, well we trow[44].' - -I shall here add the names of such principal persons as escaped death -or imprisonment in consequence of this battle. - -First, the count de Dampmartin, lord de la Riviere, sir Clugnet de -Brabant, styling himself admiral of France, sir Louis Bourdon, sir -Galiot de Gaules, sir John d'Engennes. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 44: I am obliged to my friend, the Rev. W. Shepherd, for the -translation of these verses.] - - - - -CHAP. XXXIV. - - KING HENRY EMBARKS AT CALAIS FOR ENGLAND, WHERE HE IS JOYFULLY - RECEIVED ON HIS LATE SUCCESSES.--THE COUNT DE LA MARCHE GOES TO ITALY. - - -On the 6th day of November, when king Henry had refreshed his army in -Calais, and when those prisoners who at Harfleur had promised to meet -him there were arrived, he embarked for Dover. The sea on his passage -was very rough, so that two vessels full of sir John de Cornewall's men -were in great danger; and some of the fleet were driven to different -parts in Zealand, but none of them were lost. - -The king of England, on his return home from such a victory, and his -conquest of Harfleur, was most joyfully received by the nobles, clergy, -and all ranks of men: he proceeded to London, accompanied by the french -princes his prisoners. A little before this unfortunate battle, sir -James de Bourbon, count de la Marche, had gone to Italy, magnificently -attended, and had married queen Johanna of Naples, and thus acquired -the kingdoms of Sicily and Naples: indeed, he for some time held quiet -possession of them. He appointed sir Lourdin de Salligny his constable; -and one of his captains was sir Here de Bruneul, lord de Thiembronne. - - - - -CHAP. XXXV. - - THE KING OF FRANCE AND HIS PRINCES ARE MUCH GRIEVED ON HEARING - THE MELANCHOLY EVENT OF THE BATTLE OF AZINCOURT.--OF THE DUKE OF - BURGUNDY,--AND OTHER MATTERS. - - -When news was brought to Rouen of the unfortunate loss of the battle -of Azincourt, and the deaths of so many noble persons, the king of -France and the princes with him were in the utmost consternation and -grief. Nevertheless, within a very few days, at a council held in the -presence of the king, the dukes of Acquitaine, Berry, and Brittany, the -count de Ponthieu his youngest son, and some of his ministers, the -count d'Armagnac was nominated constable of France, and orders were -dispatched to him in Languedoc, for him instantly to come to the king. - -Duke John of Burgundy was in that duchy when he heard of the defeat -and loss of the French. He, like the others, was much grieved thereat, -particularly for the death of his two brothers, the duke of Brabant and -the count de Nevers. Notwithstanding his sorrow, he made preparation to -march a large force of men at arms to Paris without delay; but as the -report of his intentions had reached the king at Rouen, he, with the -princes, hastened to return thither before the duke should arrive, and -came there on the eve of St Catherine's day. - -In company with the duke of Burgundy were the duke of Lorraine and ten -thousand men. - -The Parisians, suspecting the object of the duke in this expedition, -sent a solemn embassy to the queen of France at Melun, where she lay -dangerously ill; but, in consequence of the information she received, -she caused herself to be carried in a litter to Paris, where she was -lodged in the hôtel d'Orleans with the duchess of Acquitaine, daughter -to the duke of Burgundy. - -True it is, that the Parisians, and some of the king's ministers who -had been favourable to the Orleans faction, against that of Burgundy, -were very much alarmed, because the duke had in his company many who -had been banished France, such as sir Helion de Jacqueville, sir -Robinet de Mailly, master Eustace de Lactre, master John de Troyes, -Caboche, Denisot de Chaumont, Garnot de Sanction and several more. They -therefore prevailed on the king and the duke of Acquitaine to order sir -Clugnet de Brabant, the lord de Barbasan and the lord de Bocquiaux, to -hasten to Paris with a sufficient body of men at arms for its defence, -and for the security of the duke of Acquitaine. - -The count d'Armagnac was again commanded to push forward to Paris as -speedily as possible, and with as many men at arms as he could raise. - -The duke of Burgundy, on his march thither, passed through Troyes -and Provins, to Meaux in Brie, where he was refused admittance by -orders from the duke of Acquitaine and the council, who had written -to the governor on no account to suffer him to enter the town, which -displeased him much. Upon this he proceeded to Lagny sur Marne, and -quartered himself in the town, and his men in the country around, which -suffered severely from them. - -On the other hand, many captains had raised their forces in Picardy, -namely, sir Martelet de Mesnil, Ferry de Mailly, the brothers Hector -and Philippe de Saveuses, sir Mauroy de St Leger, sir Payen de -Beaufort, Louis de Varigines, and others. They despoiled all the -country they marched through by Pont St Mard to Lagny, whither the duke -of Burgundy had summoned them. His army was so much increased that it -now amounted to twenty thousand horse. - -The king of Sicily, knowing that he was not beloved by the duke of -Burgundy for having sent back his daughter, left Paris in an ill -state of health, and went to Angers; but before his departure, he was -desirous of submitting their differences to the king and his council, -provided he should be heard in his defence. The duke of Burgundy would -not listen to his proposal, and returned for answer, to those who had -brought the offer, that for the wrongs and disgrace the king of Sicily -had done to him and his daughter, he would have his revenge when time -and opportunity should serve. - -While he remained at Lagny sur Marne, he sent to the king and council -at Paris, sir John de Luxembourg, the lord de St George, and other -able counsellors, to explain fully the cause of his coming, and to -request that he and his men might be admitted peaceably into Paris for -the security of his royal person. No other reply was made to this, but -that the king would shortly send an answer to their lord the duke of -Burgundy. John de Vailly, president of the parliament, with others of -the council were dispatched to the duke; but after various embassies -and conferences, he could not prevail on the king or the Parisians to -admit him into the capital. They told him, that if he would consent to -enter Paris simply as the duke of Burgundy, with his usual attendants, -the king and council would not object to it; but this the duke would -not do, for he knew that those who governed the king were his mortal -enemies, and he would not trust his person with them. - - - - -CHAP. XXXVI. - - THE PARISIANS AND MEMBERS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PARIS WAIT ON THE DUKE - OF ACQUITAINE TO PROPOSE CERTAIN MEASURES OF PUBLIC SAFETY. THE DEATH - OF THE DUKE OF ACQUITAINE.--THE ARRIVAL OF THE CONSTABLE IN PARIS. - - -The Parisians, and principally those of the university, seeing the -discords and quarrels daily increase between the princes of the blood, -to the ruin and the overturning of the kingdom, and the destruction -of the people, went one day in a body to the duke of Acquitaine; and -in the presence of the duke of Berry, the count de Penthievre, and -several nobles and prelates, demanded an audience, and liberty to state -their grievances. Having obtained this, the first president of the -parliament began an oration, choosing for his text, 'Domine salva, nos -perimus,' from the gospel of St Matthew: 'Lord save us, or we perish.' -He very clearly and eloquently pointed out the various grievances the -nation was labouring under, and named several evil doers, who were -endeavouring to throw the kingdom into confusion by harrassing and -oppressing the people. - -When he had ended, the duke of Acquitaine instantly swore, on the -word of a king's son, that henceforth all evil doers, whatever might -be their rank, should be indiscriminately punished according to their -crimes; that justice should be impartially administered, and the clergy -and people be maintained in peace. - -On this, they departed, perfectly satisfied with the answer of the -duke of Acquitaine; but he had not time to carry his intentions into -execution, for a few days after he was seized with a fever, and died on -the 18th of December, in the hôtel de Bourbon. - -His death occasioned many tears and lamentations among numbers of the -nobility, and his servants; and it was reported to have been caused by -poison,--for which reason, his body was kept in a leaden coffin four -days at the above hôtel. The different orders of clergy came thither to -pray beside it; after which, it was carried to St Denis, and interred -near to his royal ancestors. - -Eight days afterward, the count d'Armagnac, who had been sent for -by the council, arrived at Paris to receive the investiture of his -constableship, by receiving from the king the sword of constable, and -taking the usual solemn oaths. He thanked the king for the high honour -he had conferred on him. - -The new constable had now a force of six thousand combatants at least, -including those whom he found in Paris, and very shortly dispatched -Raymonnet de la Guerre with four hundred helmets to garrison St -Denis, and defend it against any attack from the duke of Burgundy. He -strengthened in like manner other towns on the Seine, and had all the -bridges and ferries destroyed. - -The king, at this period, filled up the vacant offices caused by the -misfortune at Azincourt, and appointed Jean de Corssay, a native of -Berry, master of the cross-bows of France; sir Thomas de Lersies, -bailiff of the Vermandois, and the lord de Humbercourt, bailiff of -Amiens; the lord d'Aunay, a native of la Rochelle, to the same office -at Senlis; sir Mansart d'Asne, bailiff of Vitry, and sir Brunet de Bans -to the same at Tournay, with very many others. - - - - -CHAP. XXXVII. - - THE DUKE OF BRITTANY ARRIVES AT PARIS. THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY LEAVES - LAGNY SUR MARNE.--THE CAPTURE OF SIR MARTELET DU MESNIL AND FERRY DE - MAILLY. - - -The duke of Brittany at this time came to Paris to treat with the king, -that the duke of Burgundy with his army might march into Brittany, but -he was unsuccessful. Before he departed from Paris, he was violently -enraged against sir Taneguy du Châtel, provost of Paris, and abused him -much, because he had imprisoned in the Châtelet the minister of the -Mathurins, a doctor of theology, for having, in his presence, harangued -the populace in favour of the duke of Burgundy. In a few days, however, -he gave him his free liberty. - -When the duke of Burgundy had remained at Lagny sur Marne six weeks -without having been able to prevail on the king and his council to -permit him to enter Paris any otherwise than in his simple state, -he marched away to Dampmartin, thence toward Rheims, and through the -Laonnois, Tierrache and Cambresis, to the town of Douay, and thence to -Lille. He was, all the time, accompanied by a strong body of men at -arms, who much oppressed the poor people on their march. - -On his departure from Lagny, some of the king's soldiers advanced to -Pont à Vaire, and slew and made prisoners many of his men, at which he -was highly displeased. From his long residence at Lagny, the Parisians, -and others attached to the king, called him, in common conversation, -Jean de Lagny. After some short stay at Lille, he went to visit his -nephews in Brabant, namely, John and Philip, sons to the late duke -Anthony of Brabant, taking with him Philippe Maisne, by whom he -governed that country. He appointed officers to those places in the -counties of Ligny and St Pol, that had been formerly held by count -Waleran de St Pol, maternal grandfather to these children. - -When he was returned to Flanders, he ordered the lord de Fosseux, -governor of Picardy, to cause his captains and their men at arms to -retire from his territories of Artois and the adjoining lands; and, as -many of these captains harrassed the king's subjects, Remonnet de la -Guerre, the provost of Compiegne and the lord de Bocquiaux, the king's -governor of the Valois, secretly assembled, on the night of the 24th -of January, a number of men at arms, and surprised the quarters of sir -Martelet du Mesnil and Ferry de Mailly, in the country of Santerre[45], -where they had posted full six hundred men among the villages, who -made havoc on all the country round about. Excepting such as escaped -by flight, they were all slain or made prisoners: among the last were -the two captains, sir Martelet du Mesnil and Ferry de Mailly, who were -carried to Compiegne. - -On the day of the Purification of the Virgin Mary, the said sir -Martelet and four other gentlemen, after having been tortured by -the king's officers, were hung on the gibbet of Compiegne; but Ferry -de Mailly, through the intercession of friends, obtained his free -deliverance. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 45: Santerre,--a small territory, of which Mondidier is the -capital.] - - - - -CHAP. XXXVIII. - - THE BISHOP OF ARRAS CAUSES THE SENTENCE THAT HAD BEEN PRONOUNCED - AGAINST MASTER JEAN PETIT TO BE REVOKED.--THE EMPEROR OF GERMANY COMES - TO PARIS. - - -In this same year, by the exertions of Martin Poree, doctor in -theology, and bishop of Arras, and some other ambassadors from the duke -of Burgundy, having sufficient authorities from him, the following -judgement was obtained from the council of Constance. - -'By the advice of the clergy, in whose name we issue the following -sentence. We pronounce and declare, that the suits, judgments, -burnings, prohibitions and executions, ordered by the bishop of Paris, -against master Jean Petit, and all consequences that may therefrom -have ensued, are null and void, and we now do annul and revoke the -same. In regard to the costs that legally attach to this cause, we -shall leave them to be taxed on sufficient grounds. In which sentence, -I Jourdan bishop of Alba, I Anthony cardinal of Aquileia, I Francis -cardinal of Florence, do heartily acquiesce.' - -Thus the sentence of the bishop of Paris, against master Jean Petit, -was reversed and condemned by the council of Constance, the 15th day of -January 1415. - -Not long after this, two knights arrived at Paris from the emperor -Sigismund, to prepare the lodgings he was to have in that city, and lay -in his purveyances. The castle of the Louvre was given to them for this -purpose; and on the following Sunday, being Shrove Sunday, the emperor -arrived at Paris, attended by about eight hundred horse. - -The duke of Berry, the cardinal de Bar, the constable, the chancellor, -the provosts of Paris and of the merchants, the sheriffs, and a noble -company of the citizens in handsome state, went to meet him, and he -was by them conducted to the Louvre. Some days afterward, he explained -to the king and council the cause of his coming, which was to establish -union in the whole church: he also made many offers of service to the -king and his realm. A doctor of divinity, named master Guerrard Machet, -then harangued him in the name of the king of France, with which he was -much pleased. - -Charles king of France was very sensible of the honour of this visit, -and the two monarchs eat frequently together. On the first Sunday in -Lent, the king of Sicily and his son-in-law, the count de Ponthieu came -to visit the emperor at Paris; and during the emperor's stay there, the -highest honour and distinctions were paid him by the king and princes. -When many conferences had been holden on the state of the universal -church, and on other matters, he set out from Paris on the Wednesday -before Palm Sunday, and was accompanied by the king of France as far -as la Chappelle, between Paris and St Denis, where they separated. - -The king of Sicily, the duke of Berry, and the cardinal de Bar, -attended him to St Denis, where he was most honourably received by the -abbot and his clergy. He thence rode to Beauvais: the bishop of the -place and the inhabitants had come out to meet him, and the bishop -conducted him to his palace, where he was lodged. - -The emperor there celebrated Easter, in company with the duke of Milan, -uncle to the duke of Orleans, the archbishop of Rheims, and others, -ambassadors from the king of France to his adversary the king of -England. Leaving Beauvais, he crossed the bridge at St Remy, and went -to St Riquier, because the townsmen of Abbeville would not admit his -people, although he was in company with ambassadors going to England. -From St Riquier he went on a pilgrimage to St Josse, where the abbot -and the whole convent came out in procession to meet him, in the same -state they would have done had he been king of France. After offering -up his prayers, he made no present to the glorious friend of God saint -Josse. - -The emperor was clad in armour, having on the pummel of his saddle -a montauban hat, and over his armour a robe, on the front and back -part of which was an ash-coloured upright cross, with a latin motto -round it,--'O how merciful God is!' Most of his attendants were armed, -and well mounted; and from St Josse, by way of Estaples, he went to -Boulogne, but the townsfolk would not permit him to enter, at which he -was so indignant that he would not accept the presents the inhabitants -sent to him. - -After dining in the suburbs of Boulogne, he went to lie at Calais, -whence the governor, the earl of Warwick, had come to meet him, -accompanied by men at arms and archers. He was there most honourably -entertained, at the expense of the king of England, until the ensuing -Wednesday, when he embarked for England. - -During the time the emperor was at Paris, he one day went to the -court of parliament, where the presidents and counsellors shewed him -every honour, and seated him, as was right, on the royal throne. The -advocates then began to plead such causes as were before the court; -and among others, was one of a languedocian knight, called William -Segnot, respecting the seneschalship of Beaucaire. It was claimed by -two persons in right of the king's gift; but sir William proved, that -no one could hold that office unless he were a knight. The emperor, -hearing this, asked the esquire in latin, if he wished to be a knight; -and on his replying in the affirmative, the emperor called for a sword, -which being given him, he instantly dubbed the esquire a knight, -who by this means obtained the office by sentence of the judges of -the parliament. The king and his council, however, when they heard -of this, were greatly angered against the judges of the court for -having suffered it; for it seemed that this act had been done by the -emperor, as having superior authority to the king of France, who, had -he been present, would not on any account have permitted it. It was -nevertheless passed over in silence, and no notice taken of it to the -emperor. - - - - -CHAP. XXXIX. - - A HEAVY TAX IS LAID ON THE KINGDOM OF FRANCE BY THE GOVERNMENT, TO - THE GREAT DISCONTENT OF THE PARISIANS.--EVENTS THAT HAPPENED IN - CONSEQUENCE OF IT. - - -When the emperor had left Paris, a very heavy impost was laid on all -France, by those who governed the king, namely, the queen, the king of -Sicily, the duke of Berry and others. The populace, more especially -such as were attached to the duke of Burgundy, were very clamorous -against these lords; for many of the duke's friends had remained -in the city, who were day and night practising on the means of his -restoration to the king's favour, and to the government of the realm. -To accomplish this, they had advised him to send secretly to Paris -some well-informed and prudent persons, to whom they might resort and -have advice in case of need. - -In compliance with their request, he sent thither sir Jennet de Poix, -Jacques de Fosseux, the lord de St Leger, and Binet d'Auffeu, who -brought credential letters, signed by the duke, to those whom he knew -to be attached to his party. - -The Parisians, having thus entered into a conspiracy under pretence of -the severity of the new tax, swore to rise in a body in the afternoon -of Good Friday, and make prisoners of all that should oppose them. -Their first object was to seize the provost of Paris, and, if he -refused to sanction their conduct, they intended to kill him and then -seize and confine the king. They were afterward to put to death the -queen, the chancellor of France and numberless others, with the queen -of Sicily; and after dressing the king of Sicily and the duke of Berry -in some old cloaths of the king, and shaving their heads, to carry them -through Paris on two lean bullocks, and then put them to death. The -day of action was however put off by some of the conspirators, who said -that many of their intended victims might escape on Good Friday, from -being at their devotions in and out of Paris, or at confession in the -churches, or on pilgrimages, which would prevent them being found at -their houses,--and that it would be better to defer the matter until -Easter-Day, when they all promised to meet for the above purposes. - -This conspiracy was revealed by the wife of Michel Lallier, who sent -letters to her lover, Bureau de Dampmartin, advising him to fly -instantly from Paris. This he did; but, before his departure, sent -information of it to the chancellor, as he was at dinner, who lost no -time in hastening to the Louvre, to advise the queen and princes of -the blood to save themselves by flight. His council was followed by -all except the provost of Paris, who, arming himself and his men, to -the number of fifty, suddenly took possession of the market-place, and -seized some of the conspirators before they had armed themselves, in -their houses, and imprisoned them in the Châtelet, which so confounded -the other conspirators that an end was put to their project. - -The provost, being reinforced with men at arms, forced different houses -in which he found many gentlemen hidden, who were armed for this -massacre. In the number, he seized sir Almeric d'Orgemont, archdeacon -of Amiens, dean of Tours and canon of Paris, with one of the presidents -of the chamber of accounts and some masters of requests, Robert de -Belloy, a very rich draper, the host of the hôtel of the Bear, at the -Porte Baudet, and many other considerable persons. - -The chancellor sent information of this conspiracy to the constable -and marshal of France, then on the confines of Harfleur, who, without -delay, dispatched Remonnet de la Guerre, with eight hundred men, to -the assistance of the princes in Paris, and concluded a truce with the -English in Harfleur, from the 5th day of May to the 2nd day of June. - -On Saturday, the 2nd of May, the above-mentioned prisoners were -brought to the market-place and beheaded as traitors; but sir Almeric -d'Orgemont, being an ecclesiastic, was, by orders from the council, -delivered by the provost of Paris to the dean and chapter of Nôtre -Dame, for them to try him: this was soon done; and he was sentenced to -perpetual imprisonment on bread and water. - -The constable, on the conclusion of the truce, came to Paris, with -three hundred men at arms, and, being attended by the provost with -a very strong force, detached the iron chains from the streets, and -sent them to the bastille, at the same time taking away all armour and -offensive weapons from the Parisians. - -Louis Bourdon came also to Paris with two hundred men at arms, and was -followed by Clugnet de Brabant and the lord de Bosquiaux, governor of -Valois, with another considerable body of men at arms. Those in Paris -who were friendly to the duke of Burgundy were now in much perplexity, -especially such as had been concerned in the late conspiracy; for they -were punished without mercy, some publicly beheaded, others drowned in -the Seine. The gentlemen whom the duke of Burgundy had sent to Paris -escaped as secretly as they could, and were neither taken nor stopped. - -When this business was over, numbers of men at arms were collected in -the name of the king, by his ministers, throughout France; and in like -manner did the duke of Burgundy, or permitted it to be done by those -under him, so that the clergy and poorer sorts of people suffered -greatly in various parts of the kingdom,--for there were few who -defended them,--and they had no other support but their earnest prayers -to God their Creator to take vengeance on their oppressors. - - - - -[A.D. 1416.] - -CHAP. XL. - - THE EMPEROR OF GERMANY ARRIVES IN LONDON.--THE BROTHER TO THE KING - OF CYPRUS COMES TO PARIS.--THE DEATH OF THE DUKE OF BERRY.--MANY - EMBASSIES TAKE PLACE BETWEEN FRANCE AND ENGLAND. - - -In the beginning of this year, the emperor of Germany arrived at -London; and the king, accompanied by his princes, nobles, great -multitudes of the clergy and citizens, went out to meet him. During -his stay, every honour was paid to him, and he was treated with great -magnificence. - -A few days after his arrival, duke William of Hainault came thither -also, attended by six hundred horse, to endeavour to make a peace -between England and France. Ambassadors likewise arrived at London from -various countries, and in the number were one hundred persons from the -duke of Burgundy. - -At this same time, the brother to the king of Cyprus, who was count of -three cities, came to visit the king of France in Paris. The constable, -Charles son to the duke of Bourbon, the provost of Paris, and many more -went to meet him; and they escorted him to the presence of the king and -queen, who received him most graciously. - -On the 16th day of May, Jennet de Poix, Jacques de Fosseux, the lord de -St Leger, Binet d'Auffeu, Hue de Sailly, master Philippe de Morvillier, -Guillaume Sanguin, and others of the Burgundy faction, were publicly -banished at Amiens from the kingdom of France, on suspicion of having -been concerned in the late plot against the royal family. - -In these days, the duke of Berry, who was now at a very advanced age, -was taken ill at his hôtel de Neele in Paris, and was frequently -visited by the king his nephew, at that time in perfect health, and by -other princes of the blood. Notwithstanding the care of his physicians, -he departed this life on the 13th day of June, without leaving a male -heir,--so that the duchy of Berry and county of Poiteu reverted to the -crown, and the king gave them to John de Touraine, his eldest son, and -godson to the defunct. - -The heart of the duke of Berry was interred at St Denis, his bowels -in the church of St Pierre-des-Degrez, and his body was carried -to Bourges, and there buried in the cathedral church. He left two -daughters; the eldest was countess d'Armagnac, mother to Amadeus duke -of Savoy, and the youngest was duchess of Bourbon. The duke of Berry -had, during his lifetime, given to his nephew and godson John duke of -Burgundy, the county of Estampes, on certain conditions. On the duke of -Berry's decease, the king appointed his youngest son Charles, afterward -Dauphin, to the government of Paris, under the management of his father -in law the king of Sicily, and likewise gave him the duchy of Touraine. - -The ambassadors from France, who had accompanied the emperor of Germany -to England, namely the archbishop of Rheims, the lord de Gaucourt -and others, now returned to the king; but, at the instance of the -emperor, the bishop of Norwich and sir Thomas Erpingham, a knight of -great renown, grand master of the king's household, attended by seventy -horsemen, went with him to Calais, as ambassadors from king Henry. At -Calais they received passports from the king of France, and went to -Montrieul, thence to Abbeville and Beauvais, where commissioners from -the king met and honourably received them. A negociation was opened -for a truce to take place between the two kings for a certain time, -and also respecting the ransoms of some prisoners who had been carried -to England in consequence of the victories of king Henry; but nothing -was concluded, because the constable had besieged Harfleur by sea, -and would not break up the siege, in consequence of which the English -ambassadors returned home. - -Soon afterward the king of England sent the earl of Warwick and others, -as ambassadors to the duke of Burgundy at Lille, who concluded a -truce between England and the duke, from St John Baptist's day in -this year to Michaelmas day in 1417, but only for the counties of -Flanders, Artois and the adjacent parts. The duke of Burgundy caused -this truce to be publicly proclaimed at the usual places, to the great -astonishment of many who were surprised that such a truce should have -been concluded independantly of France. - - - - -CHAP. XLI. - - JENNET DE POIX AND OTHERS, BY COMMAND OF THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY, MARCH - SECRETLY TO SAINT DENIS, AND MAKE INROADS ON DIFFERENT PARTS OF FRANCE. - - -In the month of June, sir Jennet de Poix, with the approbation of the -duke of Burgundy his lord, collected four hundred men, who, hiding -their arms in casks, divided themselves into companies, and went by -different roads, disguised as merchants, to the frank fair of St -Denis. As the king was at St Germain-en-Laye, and the constable in -Normandy, many hid themselves on the road-side, and others entered the -town as merchants, chiefly with the intention of seizing the chancellor -and Tanneguy du Châtel provost of Paris. But while they were eating and -drinking, the chancellor and Tanneguy passed unmolested through the -town and returned to Paris. - -When they heard of this, they hastened back in confusion to Picardy, -carrying with them some prisoners, and spoils from the king's -territories, which greatly incensed the people. - -On the other hand, Ferry de Mailly, with many men at arms, invaded the -towns of Quesnel and Hangest, in Santerre, where he and sir Martelet -had been made prisoners, and carried off a large booty with many -captives, whom, after they had miserably tortured them, they set at -liberty for heavy ransoms. - -In like manner, sir Mauroy de St Leger crossed the Seine, and during -the night, formed an ambuscade near to the castle of Chaulnes[46]; and -in the morning when the draw-bridge was lowered, his men rushed into -the castle, and made themselves masters thereof, which was full of rich -effects. Soon afterward, the peasants of Lihons[47], and from other -villages who had therein deposited their goods, entered into a treaty -with sir Mauroy; and, for a considerable sum of money paid him and his -people, he surrendered the castle to the lady-dowager, and marched away. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 46: Chaulnes,--a town of Picardy, election of Peronne.] - -[Footnote 47: Lihons,--a town of Picardy, election of Peronne.] - - - - -CHAP. XLII. - - LIHONS, IN SANTERRE, PILLAGED BY MANY CAPTAINS WHO HAD TAKEN UP - ARMS.--THE CAPTURE OF THE CASTLE OF BEAUMONT.--THE STORMING THE CASTLE - OF NEELE.--AND OTHER MATTERS. - - -Sir Mauroy de St Leger, soon after his last expedition to Chaulnes, -made another, in conjunction with Jean d'Aubigny, to Lihons, in -Santerre, which with the priory they completely plundered, ransoming -the inhabitants for large sums, all of which they carried with them -into Artois. - -In this manner different companies were formed of nobles or others, but -attached to the party of the duke of Burgundy, under various standards: -the principal leaders were, St Mauroy de St Leger, sir Jennet de Poix, -his brother David, the lord de Sores in Beauvoisis, Jean de Fosseux, -Hector and Philippe de Saveuses, Ferry de Mailly, Louis de Varigines, -sir Payen de Beaufort, sir Louis de Burnel, Jean de Donquerre, Guerard, -bastard de Bruneu, and numbers of others, who, with displayed banners, -invaded the territories of France; in particular, the countries of Eu -and Aumale, and those lands in Santerre, as far as the river Oise, -that belonged to such as were favourers of the Orleans party. In these -parts they committed every sort of ravage, plundering the property, -and making the inhabitants prisoners, as would be done to a country -against which war had been declared. - -There were also other companies formed by captains under pretence -of their attachment to the duke of Burgundy, such as sir Gastellin, -a lombard knight, Jean de Gaingy, Jean de Clau, and Lamain de Clau, -Savoyards, Jean d'Aubigny, the bastard de Sallebruche, Charles l'Abbè, -the bastard de Thian, Matthieu des Près, Panchette, the bastard Penar, -and others, who amounted to two thousand horsemen when they were all -assembled. They for a long time quartered themselves on the territories -of Burgundy as well as France, and did incredible mischief to both. - -Sir Gastellin and his men even took the castle of Oisy in the -Cambresis, belonging to the daughter and heiress of sir Robert de Bar, -and held it for a long time, using that and its dependances as if they -had been his own property. - -About the same time, the lord de Sores, with six hundred combatants, -marched to Pont Avaire[48], and thence advanced toward Paris, and -placed themselves in ambuscade at La Chappelle[49] until the gates -should be opened. Shortly after their arrival, a man rode to them on -a white horse from Paris, and, having said a few words to the lord -de Sores, he returned thither the same road he had come. While they -remained, they made several men and women prisoners for fear of being -discovered by them to the Parisians; but seeing their enterprise had -failed, they sounded their trumpets and retreated hastily toward -Beaumont-sur-Oise. Their object had been to seize the king of Sicily by -the aid of some of the Parisians. - -When they were near Beaumont, they sent fourteen of their men in -advance, having upright crosses on their breasts, to tell the wardens -of the gate that the king had sent them to guard the passes of the Oise -against the Burgundians. By their speeches and appearance, they gained -belief; but they had no sooner entered than they killed the wardens, -and kept possession of the gate. Their whole body attacked the castle, -which they took, and slew the governor and his son. - -After they had made a great slaughter in the town, and pillaged it -of every thing they marched away, but neither set fire to it nor the -castle, carrying their plunder and prisoners with them to Mouy in -Clermont, wasting all the country they passed through. From Mouy they -marched by Montdidier to Nesle in the Vermandois, belonging to the -count de Dampmartin. Many other captains there joined them, among whom -was sir Mauroy before mentioned. They resolved to storm the town, and -succeeded notwithstanding the vigorous defence of the inhabitants, who -well performed their duty. Many were killed and wounded, and numbers -made prisoners; among the latter was the governor, sir Blanchet du -Sollier. The town was plundered of every thing, and it was at the time -full of merchandise on account of the fair. After remaining there -about a fortnight, to sell their pillage and wait for the ransom of -their prisoners, they departed, carrying on carts and cars the remnant -of what they had gained, which was immense. - -When information of these proceedings was given to the king, the -constable, and the grand council, they were much incensed at the duke -of Burgundy, to whom they said these captains belonged; and to provide -a remedy, the following edict was proclaimed throughout the realm. - -'Charles, by the grace of God, king of France, to all to whom these -presents shall come, greeting. - -'Since the most supreme and excellent, the sovereign King of kings -JESUS CHRIST our Creator, has, through his divine grace and clemency, -selected us to govern and rule over the very renowned, and most noble -kingdom of France, it behoves us to exert our best endeavours to -secure peace to our subjects, and that all disturbers thereof should -be punished, in order that impartial justice be distributed and our -people live in peace and security. - -'Whereas it has come to our knowledge, by the report of our council, -and by others worthy of belief, and also by the great complaints, -and doleful clamours of numbers of our subjects, as well as by the -confessions of malefactors, justly put to death, the which we record -in great sorrow and bitterness of heart, that Hector de Saveuses, -Phillippe de Saveuses his brother, Elyon de Jacqueville, Pierre de -Sorel, Gotrant lord de St Leger, Mauroy de St Leger his son, Jacques -de Fosseux, Calvin de Clau, Jean d'Aubigny, Fierebourg, Matthieu dès -Près, Jean de Poix, Daviod his brother, Camuset de Ligny, Gastellin, -Cormeri, of the order of the hospital of St John of Jerusalem, the -commander de Sagestre, Panchette, Henri de la Tour, Pierson Tube, Jean -de Cauffour, Henri de Cauffour le Valois, Jacques de Calivray, Ramon -Marcq, Denisot de Baugis, Guillaume le Glois, Martelet Testart, Jacques -le Masson, Benois de Bessin, Guillemot de la Planche de Douay, le Tor -d'emprès Douay, Jean Pallemargue, Robinet le vicomte, la barbe de -Craon, Jean Jaully Picard, Robinet de Bray, le curé de Vaulx, prestre, -Jean Louis de Cumillers, Robin d'Ays, Guillaume Mignot Brebiettes -emprès Compiegne, Thomas de Plaisance, le grand Thomas Mignot, Jacquet -de Clavin, Perrin de Chevrerieres, Henri de Hailly, Jean de Peresin, -Jean Bertrand butcher of St Denis, Guillaume de Cormeuil, Guillaume de -Chify du Brunet, master Robert trumpeter to our cousin of Burgundy, -Perrin trumpeter to Jean d'Aubigny, Jennet one of the archers of the -body guard of our said cousin of Burgundy, Jean de Vienon, Jean de -Tourgney governor of Champlost[50], Puissevin d'Aussorros, Charles -l'Abbé, the bastard Cognart de l'Aussorrois, the bastard de Launois -Guynis, Rousselet le batelier, Philippot Vezis de Sens, Estienne Guyart -de Sens, Symon le Vigneron de Joigny, Estienne de la Croix, the son -of the host at Sens, Colin de l'hôpital, the bastard de Chaullay, the -bastard Guignart, three brothers du Moyne de Collanges sur Yonne, Jean -de Duilly, Charlot de Duilly, and a company of _fuzelaires_, calling -themselves _Begaux_, accompanied by numbers of others, disturbers of -the peace, among whom are some whom the laws have for ever banished our -kingdom for their wickedness, having assembled themselves in companies -contrary to our will and express orders. - -'This they daily persevere in doing and in overrunning divers parts of -our realm, gaining by force or sublety many towns and castles belonging -to us, or to our noble vassals and clergy, and plundering them of all -their wealth. Not content with this, they, like to perverse sinners, -delighting in the effusion of blood put to death and wound not only -such as shall attempt to defend their properties but the peaceable and -well-inclined inhabitants of the said towns and castles, who only wish -to remain in tranquillity. - -'But what has astonished us the most, and which we would not have -believed if sad experience had not convinced us of it, they have -frequently advanced even to the walls of our good town of Paris, the -principal seat of government and justice of our realm, and have -attempted to enter it by fraud, to commit similar crimes to those they -had done in other towns; and more particularly, a few nights since they -made one of these mad and foolish attempts. - -'They have also marched large bodies of armed men to the gates of the -said town, knowing, at the same time, that we, our very dear companion -the queen, and our son the duke of Touraine, with others of our -blood, were personally within it. They then endeavoured fraudulently -to gain admittance, which, should they have affected, (but through -God's pleasure they failed,) murders, thefts, rapines, rapes, and -every horrid mischief would have ensued to the ruin of that town, and, -consequently, to the destruction of the church and kingdom. - -'We point out, therefore, the before-mentioned persons as guilty of -these atrocious acts, and call on our faithful and loyal subjects to -assist us heartily in putting an end to their very heinous misdeeds. -There is very clear evidence of this last fact; for when they found -they could not by any means enter our said town of Paris, like madmen -they gallopped off for the town of Beaumont-sur-Oise, belonging to -our very dear and well beloved son and nephew the duke of Orleans, -now prisoner in England, and on their march seized horses from the -plough, and robbed and made prisoners every traveller they met. After -this, they took the said town and castle by storm, plundered it, and -killed or drowned very many of townsmen. In like manner they took the -town of Nesle in Vermandois, and had before done the same to our town -of Chablis[51], to the castle of Néant, belonging to the monks of La -Charité sur Loire, with numbers of other castles, towns and villages, -laying violent hands on women of all descriptions, violating them like -beasts, pillaging churches and other sacred edifices, of which we are -every day receiving the most melancholy accounts and lamentations. - -'Greater mischiefs our ancient enemies the English would not, nor -could not do; but these wretches, perversely wicked, add daily sin -to sin, publicly shewing themselves rebels, and disobedient to our -positive commands. They thus render themselves deserving of the -severest punishments, and unworthy of the smallest grace, by holding -ourselves and our sovereign power in perfect contempt. - -'In consideration of the many and repeated complaints and lamentations -made to us, by such numbers of our vassals and subjects, calling on -God, our Creator, and on us for vengeance for the innocent blood that -has been so cruelly shed,--we foreseeing that unless a stop be put to -these atrocities, the whole kingdom will be ruined, and which we firmly -believe to be the ultimate object of the before-named persons, have -called together the princes of our blood, the members of our grand -council and courts of parliament, with other barons and nobles of our -realm, that they might advise on the best and most speedy measures to -be adopted for the crushing this unnatural rebellion. - -'After many consultations on the said matters, we having the utmost -dread lest the divine judgement should fall on our head and on our -kingdom, for the blood of the just that has been so abundantly and -cruelly shed, and being ever desirous that peace and justice may be -observed in our realm, do make known, and declare all the aforesaid -persons, with their allies and associates, rebels to us and to our -government. And because we at this moment are fully employed in the -war that exists between us and our enemies the English, who have -invaded our country, and cannot therefore act as we should wish -against these said rebels and their allies: we therefore give full -power and authority to all our loyal subjects to take up arms against -them to put them to death, or to confine them in prison to suffer the -punishment due to their crimes, and to take full possession of all -their properties moveable or immoveable, by force of arms, and to slay -such as may oppose them, without their having cause for any letters of -pardon whatever. - -'We therefore command, by these presents, the bailiff of Amiens, or -his lieutenant, solemnly to proclaim three times a-week, with sound of -trumpet, in all the usual places where proclamations have been made -within his district, full licence and authority for any one to seize -the persons and effects of the before-named rebels, and to put them -to death, should need be, without danger of process or suit being -hereafter made against him or them for so doing. The said bailiff, or -his lieutenant, will attend to the observance of the above, so that -nothing arise through his neglect to our prejudice, or to that of our -kingdom. - -'That greater confidence may be put in these presents, we order, that -exact copies be made, and sent to those parts where the original cannot -be proclaimed, and that equal faith be given to them. In testimony -whereof, we have had our seal affixed to these presents. Given at -Paris, the 30th day of August, in the year of grace 1416, and of our -reign the 36th.' - -Thus signed by the king, on the report of his great council, and -countersigned 'Ferron.' - -This edict was solemnly proclaimed in Amiens the 12th day of September -and thence sent to all the provosts within the bailiwick of Amiens, to -be proclaimed by them throughout their provostships. The provosts of -Beauquesnes, of Montrieul of St Riquier, and of Dourleans, through fear -of the duke of Burgundy, dared only to proclaim it once, and in their -own courts, when few people were present. - -Soon after, Remonnet de la Guerre was ordered by the king and constable -to Noyon and Nesles, to aid sir Thomas de Lersies, bailiff of the -Vermandois, in defending the country against the Burgundians. - -War was now openly declared between the contending factions in that and -divers other places of the realm. In truth wherever any of the king's -officers could lay hands on the partisans of the duke of Burgundy, none -escaped, whether nobles or not, from being sentenced to death; and more -especially all who fell into the hands of the governor of Noyon and -the parts adjacent were put to death without mercy,--insomuch that many -trees near to that town were marvellously laden with such fruits. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 48: Pont-Avaire. Q. if we should not read Pont-St. Maixence, -for the other is not in any map or gazetteer.] - -[Footnote 49: La Chappelle,--a village close to Paris.] - -[Footnote 50: Champlost,--a town in Champagne, election of St -Florentin.] - -[Footnote 51: Chablis,--diocese of Langres, famous for its wines.] - - - - -CHAP. XLIII. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY INCREASES HIS MEN AT ARMS.--THE MARRIAGE OF THE - LORD DE LA TRIMOUILLE.--THE DUKE OF CLARENCE EMBARKS A LARGE ARMY FOR - HARFLEUR. - - -The duke of Burgundy, when he heard of this edict, so prejudicial -and disgraceful to himself and his friends, was more than ever -indignant and irritated against those who governed the king. He very -much increased the number of his men at arms, and even consented to -their quartering themselves on his own territories in the Cambresis, -Tierrache, Vermandois, Santerre, and the whole country from the Somme -to the sea-coast, toward Montrieul and Crotoy. Justice was now no -longer attended to or maintained in those parts; and the powerful -nobles cruelly treated churchmen and the poorer ranks. With regard to -the provosts, and others of the king's officers of justice, few, if any -of them, dared to do their duty. The tradesmen could not venture abroad -with their goods out of the fortified towns without paying tribute for -passports, under risk of being robbed and murdered. - -At this time the widowed duchess of Berry espoused the lord de la -Trimouille, who was not beloved by the duke of Burgundy; and because -this duchess was in her own right countess of the Boulonois, the duke -sent the lord de Fosseux, then governor of Artois, to take possession -of the town of Boulogne. This was done, but the lord de Moruel remained -governor of it in the king's name, against the English. - -At this same period, the duke of Clarence, brother to the king of -England, sailed from the port of Sandwich with three hundred vessels -full of English, whom he led to Harfleur, and destroyed the french -navy under the command of the constable of France, who had for some -time besieged that town. Many were killed on board the fleet; but when -the duke of Clarence had revictualled it, and supplied his losses, he -sailed back to England much rejoiced at his good success. - - - - -CHAP. XLIV. - - THE EMPEROR OF GERMANY AND THE KING OF ENGLAND COME TO CALAIS. DUKE - JOHN OF BURGUNDY MEETS THEM THERE.--THE MATTERS THAT WERE THEN - TRANSACTED. - - -About the feast of St Remy, in this year, the emperor of Germany and -the king of England came to Calais, attended by numbers of nobles. The -duke of Burgundy there met them, and was most honourably received; and -the duke of Glocester, brother to king Henry went to St Omer as hostage -for the duke of Burgundy, where he was nobly entertained by the count -de Charolois, and by other great lords appointed for that purpose. - -However, when the count de Charolois visited the duke of Glocester the -day after his arrival attended by some of the lords of his council, -to do him honour, and keep him company, the duke had his back turned -towards him as the count entered the apartment, and was so engaged in -talking to some of his attendants that he forgot to make the usual -salutations to the count, but said, shortly enough, 'You are welcome, -fair cousin,' but without advancing to meet him, and continued his -conversation with the English. The count de Charolois, notwithstanding -his youth, was much hurt and displeased at this conduct, although at -the moment he showed no signs of it. - -In the conferences held at Calais, the king of England earnestly -requested the duke of Burgundy not to assist the king of France against -him; in which case, he would divide some of his future conquests with -him; promising, at the same time, not to attack any of his territories, -or those of his allies or well-wishers. The duke refused to agree -to this; but the truce that existed between them was prolonged until -Michaelmas-day in the year 1419. - -At that time, as I was informed, the duke of Burgundy did homage to the -emperor for his counties of Burgundy and Alost. When he had remained -in Calais nine days, and finished the business on which he had come, -he took leave of the king and returned to St Omer, whence the duke of -Glocester came to Calais. The king of France and his ministers were -much astonished at this visit of the duke of Burgundy and believed for -certain that he had allied himself with king Henry, to the prejudice of -the king and kingdom of France. - - - - -CHAP. XLV. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY GOES TO VALENCIENNES, IN OBEDIENCE TO A SUMMONS - WHICH HE RECEIVES FROM THE DAUPHIN. THEY MUTUALLY SWEAR FRIENDSHIP TO - EACH OTHER. - - -On the return of the duke of Burgundy from Calais, duke William count -of Hainault sent ambassadors to him, to request that he would meet the -dauphin his son-in-law, which he refused, because he had frequently -sent to his brother-in-law, duke William in Holland, to desire he -would bring the dauphin into those parts, and it had not been complied -with. The dauphin, nevertheless, wrote letters with his own hand to -the duke of Burgundy, to come to him at Valenciennes, who promised the -messengers that he would be there,--and indeed he went thither on the -12th day of November. - -Duke William went out of Valenciennes the length of a league to meet -him, carrying with him the dauphin. On the morrow such matters were -discussed and agreed on as shall be hereafter mentioned, in the -presence of the countess of Hainault, the count de Charolois, the -count de Conversan, and many other able knights and esquires, and the -ministers of the three parties, namely sir Jean de Luxembourg, sir -Jacques de Harcourt, the chancellor to the dauphin, Baudouin de Fresnes -treasurer of Hainault, Robert de Vandegrès, Jean bastard of Blois, -master Eustace de Lactre, the lord d'Antoing, the vidame of Amiens, -the lord de Fosseux, the lord d'Ancre, the lord de Robais, the lord -de Humbercourt, sir Hue de Launoy, sir Guillaume Bouvier governor of -Arras, sir Athis de Brimeu, sir Andrieu de Valines, master Philippe de -Morvillers, and many more. - -First, the duke of Burgundy offered himself and his services to the -dauphin, and promised on his oath to serve the king his father and -himself, to the utmost of his power, against all their enemies. This -promise the dauphin received with pleasure, and, in return, made oath, -that he would aid and defend the duke of Burgundy against his enemies -and all ill wishers to him or to his subjects. - -The dauphin then affectionately requested the duke to join the king -in the defence of his realm against the attacks of the English, which -he promised and swore he would. He next required of the duke, that -he would keep the peace that had been concluded at Auxerre. The duke -replied, that he would most willingly do so, for he was very desirous -of maintaining that peace, and that he wished ill to no one but to the -king of Sicily. - -The dauphin was satisfied with this answer, and made offer to the duke, -that if there were any articles in the peace which he wished to have -altered, or if he desired others to be added, as well in regard to what -had passed then as since, it should be done. All present then made -oath to the duke of Burgundy for the observance of what had been said, -and duke William and the duke of Burgundy mutually swore to maintain -brotherly affection; and that they would endeavour to establish a good -government for the king of France and the dauphin, that they would -mutually support each other, as well when absent as present, by risking -their persons in maintaining whatever they should have agreed upon. - -Duke William added, that in respect to the war between France and -England, his predecessors had no way interfered, and that he intended -in this matter to follow their example, lest his countries should -suffer for it. Duke William afterward promised the duke of Burgundy, -that he would not intrust the dauphin to the hands of any person of -whom he was not sure, for the better security of the engagements just -entered into; and that within fifteen days he would visit the queen of -France, and would arrange matters with her, so that he should regain -her friendship and support for the good of the king and realm. When all -these matters had been concluded, the duke of Burgundy and his people -returned to Douay. - - - - -CHAP. XLVI. - - DUKE WILLIAM COUNT OF HAINAULT CARRIES HIS SON-IN-LAW THE DAUPHIN - TO ST QUENTIN, AND THENCE TO COMPIEGNE, WHERE HE DIES.--THE CONDUCT - OBSERVED ON THIS JOURNEY. - - -On the 14th day of November, duke William carried back the dauphin to -his castle of Quesnoy, whither ambassadors of different ranks were sent -by the king and queen to recal the dauphin to the presence of the king -in Paris; but, notwithstanding their remonstrances, he remained at -Quesnoy until after Christmas. Duke William then conducted him to St -Quentin in the Vermandois, where they waited for the queen until the -epiphany; and because the queen would not come to St Quentin, the duke -carried the dauphin to Compiegne, where he was lodged in the king's -palace. Shortly after, the countess of Hainault came thither with her -daughter the dauphiness, and a large company. - -The queen came in great state from Paris to Senlis, accompanied by -her son the duke of Touraine and her son-in-law the duke of Brittany, -and the great council of the king. At the same time, the young duke -d'Alençon, and other lords of his age, went to Compiegne to pay their -court to the dauphin. Negotiations now took place between Senlis and -Compiegne. The countess of Hainault carried the dauphiness to visit -the queen at Senlis, when, after spending some time together in much -cheerfulness, they went back to Compiegne, and the queen returned to -Paris, whither the negociations were transferred between duke William, -the ministers of the dauphin and ambassadors from the duke of Burgundy. - -True it is, that at this time, the dauphin sent letters, sealed with -his great seal, to the bailiffs of Vermandois and Amiens, and other -places, commanding them to proclaim a cessation of warfare on all -sides, on pain of corporal punishment and confiscation of effects; but -they were of little service to the poor people, for the men at arms -did not the less overrun and oppress the country. - -On the last day but one in March, duke William declared in the -full audience of the king's council at Paris, that he would unite -the dauphin with the duke of Burgundy or carry the dauphin back to -Hainault, if measures were not instantly taken for restoring peace to -the kingdom. The ministers, hearing this, resolved that the duke should -be arrested and confined until he had given up the dauphin to the king -his father. - -The duke was secretly informed of this by a friend; and on the -morrow very early, under pretext of performing a pilgrimage to St -Maur-des-Fosses, and returning to Paris in the evening, he hastened -with only two attendants to Compiegne. He found the dauphin most -dangerously ill, insomuch that he died on Palm Sunday: his disorder was -an imposthume in the ear, which burst and suffocated him. When dead, he -was put into a leaden coffin, and buried at St Corneille[52], in the -presence of duke William, his lady, and the dauphiness, who gave large -sums for masses to be said for the welfare of his soul. The duke and -his family returned in great grief to Hainault. - -It was commonly reported, that the dauphin had been poisoned by some of -those who governed the king, because he and his elder brother had been -too much attached to the duke of Burgundy. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 52: St Corneille de Compiegne,--an abbey near that town.] - - - - -CHAP. XLVII. - - THE NEAPOLITANS REBEL AGAINST THEIR KING, JACQUES DE LA MARCHE, AND - MAKE WAR ON HIM.--THEY TAKE THE QUEEN PRISONER. THE CONSEQUENCES THAT - FOLLOW. - - -This year the Neapolitans rebelled against king James count de la -Marche, and would have made him prisoner, had he not been informed in -time of their intentions. They confined the queen, and made a bitter -war against him and his supporters. The constable and the lord de St -Maurice, his father-in-law, were imprisoned. The king, for his greater -security, embarked on board a brigantine for the castle del Ovo, -leaving a good garrison in Castel Nuovo. - -This war lasted until the 27th day of October in the same year, when -peace was made on condition that all the French who held any offices in -the kingdom should depart and return to their own country, excepting -the very few employed personally to serve the king. - -On the conclusion of the peace, the king and queen returned to Castel -Nuovo, when all persons renewed their oaths of allegiance, promising -to consider him as their king during his life, but that he was no -way to interfere in the government of the kingdom. His establishment -of guards, attendants and horses, were all arranged according to the -pleasure of the Neapolitans. - -On the day the king returned to Castel Nuovo, there were great -rejoicings throughout the town, with bonfires, and illuminations on the -terraces of the houses; and on the morrow there was a grand ball at the -castle. But on the third day, the king was so strictly watched that -none were allowed to speak to him but in the presence of those who had -seized the government; and the French gentlemen were not permitted to -take leave of him on their departure. The rulers of the kingdom soon -after obliged the queen to join their party, lest the two when united -might be over much for them: however, in conformity to their oaths, -they shewed the king and queen all outward respect, but governed the -country as they willed. - -The chief of these usurpers was one of the greatest and richest -families, called Hannequin Mournil, one in whom the king had placed -most confidence of all the Italians. The king was, for a long time, -kept under this restraint: at length he escaped, and fled by sea to -Tarentum, which had been given to him as a principality,--but he was, -soon after, driven out of the kingdom. The duke of Anjou, son to king -Louis, went thither on his expulsion, and was well received in the city -of Aversa; but it was not long before he was forced out of the realm by -the king of Arragon. - -In regard to king James, besides the rebellion of his subjects, the -queen likewise, old and capricious, was much displeased and jealous of -his being a lover to young ladies of the country and neglecting her. -This was also the cause why the nobles whom he had brought from France -with him were generally hated. - - - - -CHAP. XLVIII. - - THE EARL OF DORSET, GOVERNOR OF HARFLEUR, MAKES AN INCURSION INTO THE - COUNTRY OF CAUX, AND IS COMBATED BY THE FRENCH.--THE EMPEROR CREATES - THE COUNT OF SAVOY A DUKE. - - -At this same time, the earl of Dorset, who commanded in Harfleur, one -day marched three thousand english combatants toward Rouen, and thence -made a circuit through the country of Caux, where he remained three -days, doing great mischief with fire and sword. In the mean time, the -garrisons and nobles of those parts collected together under the lord -de Villequier, to the amount of three thousand men also, and met the -English near to Valmont, who instantly attacked them; but the French -defended themselves so valiantly, the English were defeated, and eight -hundred left on the field of battle. The remainder retreated with the -earl into a garden, surrounded by a strong hedge of thorns, and therein -continued the rest of the day, without the French being able to gain -further advantage over them, although they took much pains. - -In the evening, the French retired to a village hard by, to refresh -themselves; but the earl of Dorset, doubtful of the event on the -morrow, marched out of the garden with his men about day-break, and -pushed forward to Harfleur. The French, perceiving this, pursued them, -and overtook them in the marshes, about two leagues from that town, -when they renewed the battle; but, as the French were not all come -up, they were defeated, and two hundred slain,--among whom was their -commander, the lord de Villequier, and other nobles of that country. - -The emperor of Germany, on his return home, passed through Lyons, where -he was desirous of creating Amadeus count of Savoy a duke,--but the -king of France's officers would not permit it. He was very indignant -at this, and went to a small castle called Moulnet, that belongs to -the empire, and he there created him a duke. On his coming to France, -through the interference of duke Louis of Bavaria, brother to the -queen of France, and others of the Orleans faction, he had been of -the opposite party to the duke of Burgundy; but on his return, he had -changed his sentiments, and liked better the Burgundy faction than that -of Orleans. - - - - -[A.D. 1417.] - -CHAP. XLIX. - - DUKE WILLIAM, COUNT OF HAINAULT, DIES AT BOUCHAIN.--JOHN OF BAVARIA - DECLARES WAR AGAINST HIS NIECE, DAUGHTER TO THE LATE DUKE WILLIAM. - - -At the commencement of this year, duke William and his duchess, after -their return from Compiegne, went to visit the duke of Burgundy at -Douay, when many conferences were holden on the state of public -affairs, and on the answers duke William had received from the queen of -France and the king's ministers. When these were ended, duke William -returned to his castle of Bouchain, where he was seized with a violent -illness that put an end to his life in a few days. His body was carried -to Valenciennes, and buried in the church of the minorite friars. He -left one only daughter by the duchess, called Jacquelina of Bavaria, -who, as his legal heiress, took possession of all his inheritances, -which fell to her on the decease of the duke. Nevertheless, John of -Bavaria, her uncle on her father's side, made opposition to this, on -pretence that the succession of the late duke Albert, his father had -not been fairly divided in regard to him; adding, that Jacquelina could -not lawfully succeed to the country of Holland,--and, with the consent -of the inhabitants, he gained possession of Dordrecht and some other -towns, which acknowledged him for their lord. - -He soon after declared open war against her, and resigned into the -hands of the pope his bishoprick of Liege, which bishopric was put into -commission. He made this resignation to strengthen his claims against -his niece,--and shortly married the duchess of Luxembourg, the widow of -duke Anthony of Brabant, brother to the duke of Burgundy. - - - - -CHAP. L. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY SENDS LETTERS TO MANY OF THE PRINCIPAL TOWNS IN - FRANCE, DESCRIBING THE STATE OF THOSE WHO GOVERN THE KINGDOM. - - -In these days, the duke of Burgundy sent letters, open and closed, to -many of the chief towns in France, to stir them to rebellion, and to -join his faction,--which letters were of the following tenour: - -'John duke of Burgundy, count of Flanders and Artois, palatine of -Burgundy, lord of Salines and Mechlin, to all to whom these presents -shall come, health and peace. - -'Whereas, by divine grace, we had in former times the government -of the kingdom of France; but since we have withdrawn ourselves -therefrom, persons of low degree, and of doubtful birth, have seized -the management of public affairs, with the sole intent of appropriating -to themselves by open or secret means the treasure of the realm,--and -so outrageous has been their conduct that my lord the king, his -family and officers were kept in the utmost penury. They neither paid -nor suffered to be paid the usual royal charities, nor did they see -to the repairs and maintenance of the various garrisons, with things -absolutely necessary for them; for notwithstanding the immense sums -yearly raised by taxes and loans, scarcely any part of them were -applied to public uses, or for the welfare of the kingdom. - -'We therefore, having fully considered all these matters, and how -nearly we are by blood connected with my lord the king, being his -cousin-german, and holding from him the duchy of Burgundy and counties -of Flanders and Artois, and that we are in a double degree father and -dean of the peers of France, and that our various and great obligations -to him and to his crown are well known, have determined to provide a -sufficient remedy for the above evils, and that restitution be made to -the public treasury to the utmost of our power. - -'We have had the above facts demonstrated by our ambassadors, in the -presence of the grand council at the Louvre in Paris, presided by our -very dear lord and son the duke of Acquitaine lately deceased, whose -soul may God pardon! requesting at the same time, that from his good -sense and for the acquittal of his conscience, he would check these -said abuses, and attend to the better government of the state. In -this matter we were joined by the members of the university of Paris, -who sent us letters to that effect, and which were publicly read in -the church of St Genevieve at Paris; and at that time there were -appearances that our remonstrances would be listened to. - -'But their real intentions were otherwise; for it is notorious that -we have met with nothing but tricks and dissimulations of all sorts, -and perseverance in their evil government, whence have proceeded these -intestine wars; although we have never ceased to urge our remonstrances -against the present ministers, by able clerks, as well of the -parliament and university as otherwise, by prudent knights, and other -wise citizens, in whose presence ordinances were published by our -said lord the king, and sworn to in his court of justice, without any -novelties being introduced or exception of persons made. - -'Nevertheless, grievous as it may be to relate, the contrary to -these ordinances has been done; and it is a well-known fact, that -the wretches have found means to keep me from the presence of our -said lord the king. Soon after these edicts were annulled, and every -sort of disorder was committed, taxes upon taxes were laid, loans on -loans, reductions of offices, banishments, beheadings, and innumerable -despotic acts done, to the very great dissatisfaction of my said -well-beloved lord and son lately deceased, and to which he had resolved -to put an end, by ordering us to come to him with a competent number -of men at arms, notwithstanding any orders we might receive to the -contrary; and, as proofs thereof, I have in my possession three letters -written and signed with his own hand, containing the above commands. - -'In obedience to these orders, we came to St Denis, and advanced -toward the town of Paris but could not gain admittance to his person; -for the affair was become known to the aforesaid evil advisers, who -instantly laid hands on our very redoubted lord and his son, confining -them in the castle of the Louvre for a considerable time, with the -draw-bridges raised, and gates closed. They also imprisoned the greater -part of the king's servants, thus illegally depriving them of their -liberties, although they had certain intelligence upwards of a year -prior to this, that the enemies of the kingdom were preparing to invade -it; but, through their damnable avarice and concupiscence of wealth, -they made no provision whatever to resist them. Hence it happened -that our said lord and king has lost one of the finest sea ports in -his realm, the key to his country, and has suffered the almost total -destruction of his chivalry; and none can foresee the infinitive -misfortunes that may now ensue, but which God avert. - -'We also, bound by our royal duty toward our sovereign, have assembled -for his service the greatest possible force we could to defend his -kingdom, as we are bounden to do by every tie. But the aforesaid evil -advisers have ordered several cities and towns not to permit us to -enter them, and have forbidden them to supply our men with provision, -as if we had been public enemies; but, notwithstanding such atrocious -conduct, our vassals and subjects have been, and still are, strongly -attached to his majesty's person. - -'They have likewise, heaping grievance on grievance, imprisoned a great -number of notable inhabitants of many towns well affected to the king, -but who saw with displeasure the miserable state the nation was reduced -to by their wicked measures. But the worst part of their conduct has -been the poisoning of the said deceased well-beloved lord and son -(as the manner of his death plainly shewed,) the moment he was made -acquainted with their wickedness, and testified a resolution to remedy -the various evils they had caused; and this was done to increase and -strengthen their authority. - -'When we witnessed their fury, to avoid all manner of quarrel as much -as in us lay, we retired to our countries of Flanders and Artois, -and to our very dear brother the count of Hainault, to explain to -our well-beloved nephew, my lord the dauphin, lately deceased, whose -soul may God receive! the honesty of our intentions, and the bad -consequences that would infallibly ensue if the present public measures -were continued. - -'We did not expect to have done this immediately, because our foresaid -lord and nephew was in Holland, and could not instantly come to us in -Hainault, from the dangers of the sea: nevertheless, on his arrival -at Valenciennes we waited on him, and explained fully many matters, -and our desire for a general peace with all so inclined, excepting -king Louis of Sicily, with whom we had cause for quarrel that greatly -affected our honour and estate: with these explanations he was very -well satisfied, as was our aforesaid brother. For the more effectually -accomplishing this peace, and for the better considering of other -public affairs, they went from Valenciennes to St Quentin, in the -Vermandois, and thence to Compiegne; but these wicked ministers, by -their deceits, attempted to detain our brother in Paris, when he was -about to proceed on his journey toward Compiegne, with an earnest -desire of attending to the before-mentioned business, not supposing -that any attempt would be made against his person while he was -endeavouring to conclude measures of such interesting importance. They -would, however, have succeeded in their attempt, had not his good sense -provided a timely remedy, by hastily leaving Paris with few attendants. -He arrived at Compiegne early in the day, although the distance from -Paris is twenty leagues. - -'Soon after his arrival, a grievous misfortune befel us; for about -vespers of that same day, our very dear lord and nephew was taken so -dangerously ill that he shortly after expired, having his cheeks, -tongue, and lips greatly swelled, and his eyes starting out of his -head,--in such wise that it was a most melancholy sight, considering -that such are the usual appearances of those who die by poison. - -'These aforesaid rapacious ministers, poisoned him, as they had done -our very redoubted lord and son his brother, which we now relate with -grief, believing firmly that all the honest and good men of the kingdom -will be sorely displeased when they shall hear of these deaths. - -'In this state remained public affairs while these infamous poisoners, -who governed the realm, would not listen to our terms of peace, nor -take pity on the poor people of France, destroyed through their -quarrels. In truth, the tempers of these men must be wretched, who are -only desirous of evil, and who have broken or infringed six treaties, -solemnly sworn to, namely, those of Chartres, Bicêtre, Auxerre, -Pontoise, Paris, and of Rouvres in Burgundy. - -'We shall not detail, at this moment, how these treaties have been -broken,--for it would take too much time, and it is notorious to every -one. We only mention the circumstance, that you may be thoroughly -acquainted with the wickedness of these false, disloyal and perjured -traitors, who add murder, rapine and poison to their crimes, who are -without faith, and made up of treasons and cruelty. - -'We also make known to you, that we, in former times, bore patiently, -as became us, all the insults and persecutions that were heaped on our -person,--having in our memory, what is to be found in history both -sacred and profane, that it was usual for the friends of God and of the -public good to be bitterly persecuted for their virtuous actions. - -'Nevertheless, it is our fixed intention to follow up our measures, -with the aid of our Creator, and our whole force, with that of our -relations, friends, vassals, and well wishers to the king and crown of -France; and to prosecute to conviction those who are guilty of these -poisonings, their accomplices and adherents, so long as God shall grant -us life. - -'At the same time also, we shall urge on those reforms of grievances -already begun by us, that press so heavily on the poor people under the -names of gabelles, tythes and other exactions; and we have determined -to employ every force we can collect to obtain so desirable an object. - -'To this end, we entreat and summon you, on the faith and obedience -you owe to my aforesaid lord, and on your love of the public weal, to -eschew the crime of high treason,--and require that you, and each of -you, do aid, counsel and assist in the punishment of these destroyers -of the noble house of France, who are guilty of murders, treasons -and poisonings, as you are bounden to do by every law natural and -divine. By your conduct, we shall know whether you possess charity, -loyalty, virtue, and the fear of God,--and whether you be desirous of -repressing cruelty, disloyalty, vanity and avarice. This can alone save -the kingdom of France from ruin. By this alone, my lord the king will -recover his power, and be obeyed and honoured, which is the utmost -extent of our wishes in this world, and which it seems to us you should -be most desirous of also. - -'Thus the kingdom will be at peace, the churches supported, the wicked -punished, and the injuries done to the people will cease. Surely these -are objects more worthy and fit to occupy your attention than seeking -the favour of these false and infamous traitors, in contempt of the -grace God. - -'Doubt not of our intention to revenge the insults that have been shewn -us; for we promise, on the faith and loyalty we owe to God, to our -aforesaid lord, and to the public welfare of his realm, that our sole -bent and will is to prevent, to the utmost of our power, my aforesaid -lord and his kingdom from being completely destroyed, which these -disloyal traitors are compassing to accomplish,--and that satisfactory -justice be done on them, according to the advice and opinions of those -who shall assist us in these our intentions. For this end, we offer -peace to all who shall be inclined to accept of it from us, excepting -Louis king of Sicily, for the better prosecution of our intentions to -support the king and his realm,--being resolved to persist in these -loyal measures until death, without offering any conciliatory terms to -these profligate traitors and poisoners. - -'This business has been too long delayed; for it may be clearly seen -that the aforesaid traitors are determined on the total ruin of the -royal house of France and the whole of the nobility, and that they are -resolved to deliver up the kingdom to foreigners; but we have firm -reliance and hope in God, who knows the secrets of every heart! that we -shall obtain a happy issue to our enterprise by means of the good and -faithful subjects of the realm, whom in this case we will support to -the utmost of our power, and maintain for ever in the fullest enjoyment -of their liberties and franchises. - -'We will also exert ourselves that in future no taxes, impositions and -gabelles, may be ever again paid in France; and we will proceed against -all who shall say or act to the contrary by fire and sword, whether -they be universities, corporations, chapters, colleges, nobles, or any -others, of whatever condition they may be. - -'In testimony whereof, we have signed these presents with our own hand -and our privy seal, in the absence of the great seal, in our castle of -Hesdin, the 24th day of April, 1417, after Easter.' - -These letters were sent to the towns of Montrieul, St Riquier, -Abbeville, Dourlens, Amiens, Corbie, St Quentin, Roye, Mondidier, -Beauvais, and to many other places; and by their means several -principal towns and corporations were strongly excited against those -who then governed the king. - - - - -CHAP. LI. - - SIR LOUIS BOURDON, KNIGHT, IS ARRESTED AND EXECUTED.--THE QUEEN OF - FRANCE IS BANISHED TO BLOIS, AND THENCE TO TOURS. - - -About this time, while the queen of France resided with her court at -the castle of Vincennes, she was visited by the king her lord. On his -return to Paris in the evening, he met sir Louis Bourdon, knight, -coming thence, and going to Vincennes, who, on passing very near the -king, made a slight inclination of his head as he rode by, and gaily -pursued his road. The king instantly ordered the provost of Paris to -follow and arrest him, and to take especial care to give a good account -of him. The provost performed his duty in obeying this command, and -confined sir Louis in the Châtelet of Paris, where he was, by command -of the king, very severely tortured, and then drowned in the Seine. - -Some few days after, by orders from the king, the dauphin, and those -who governed in Paris, the queen, accompanied by her sister-in-law the -duchess of Bavaria, was banished to Blois, and thence to reside at -Tours in Touraine, with a very private establishment. She was placed -under the guard of master Willian Torel, master John Picard, and master -Laurence du Puys, without whose consent she could not do any thing, not -even write a letter, however pressing the occasion. - -She thus lived a considerable time very unpleasantly, expecting, -however, daily to receive worse treatment. The dauphin, by the advice -of his ministers, took possession of the immense sums of money the -queen had placed in different hands in Paris. The three above-mentioned -warders of the queen had been appointed by those who governed the king -and the dauphin to prevent her from intriguing, or plotting any thing -to their prejudice. - - - - -CHAP. LII. - - THE COMMONALTY OF ROUEN PUT TO DEATH THEIR BAILIFF, SIR RAOUL DE - GAUCOURT.--THEY SEIZE THE GOVERNMENT OF THE TOWN.--THE ARRIVAL OF THE - DAUPHIN AT ROUEN. - - -In these days, by the instigation of the partisans of the duke of -Burgundy, some wicked persons of the lower ranks in the town of -Rouen rose in rebellion. The leader was one Alain Blanchart, who was -afterward governor of the town. They first went armed, and with -staves, to the house of the king's bailiff, sir Raoul de Gaucourt -knight, at whose door they knocked loudly, and said to those within, -(although it was about ten o'clock at night), 'We want to speak to my -lord the bailiff, to deliver up to him a traitor whom we have just -arrested in the town,' the servants bade them detain their prisoner -in safe custody until the morrow: however, in consequence of their -importunity and violence, the door was opened to them. - -The bailiff instantly arose from his bed, and, having wrapped himself -up in a large cloak, came to speak to them; but he had no sooner made -his appearance, than some of the party, who had disguised their faces, -cruelly murdered him. - -They then left the house, and went to that of his lieutenant, John -Leger, whom they also put to death, and thence to different parts of -the town, and killed ten other persons; but many of the municipal -officers, such as the viscount and receiver-general, having had -information, of what was passing, fled to the castle, into which they -were admitted by sir James de Bourbon the governor. - -On the morrow-morning, the commonalty again assembled in great numbers, -and marched in arms to the castle, with the intent of forcing an -entrance, but were prevented by the governor, who had under his command -one hundred of the king's troops to defend it. At length, after many -parleys, it was agreed that sixteen of the most notable citizens should -be admitted, to remonstrate with the governor on some matters that much -concerned him. - -Upon their admittance, they offered many excuses for the murder of the -bailiff, and of the others, declaring that the whole commonalty of the -town would be rejoiced if the perpetrators could be discovered and -punished. They were greatly alarmed as to the conduct of the king and -the dauphin when they should hear of these deaths, and requested the -governor would permit them to have the guard of the castle, but it was -refused. They then required that the gate which led to the country -should be shut up, which was also refused. - -Upon this they declared, that should the king and the dauphin attempt -to enter their town with an army, admittance should be denied,--at the -same time beseeching the governor to apologise for them to the king and -the dauphin. The governor replied, that he would make excuses for them -in proper time and place, provided they did not refuse to admit them -into the town should they come thither. - -After this conversation, the citizens returned home; and, a few days -after, what they dreaded came to pass,--for the dauphin marched two -thousand men out of Paris to Pont de l'Arche, whence he sent the -archbishop of Rouen, brother to the count de Harcourt, to that town, to -exhort the inhabitants to a due sense of obedience. - -On the archbishop's arrival at Rouen, he found several of the canons of -the cathedral church under arms, and inter-mixed with the citizens, to -whom he displayed the proclamation of the dauphin. They, in answer, -said, that it had been unanimously decreed that he should not enter the -town with his army; but that if he would come with few attendants, and -engage to pay his expenses, they would agree to it, but not otherwise. -The archbishop, seeing he could not conclude any thing satisfactory, -returned to the dauphin, and related all he had seen and heard. - -Upon this the dauphin sent for sir James de Bourbon, and fixed his -quarters at St Catharine's on the hill. On the arrival of sir James, he -said, 'Cousin, return to your castle, and admit by the gate leading to -the country two hundred men at arms, and as many archers, whom we will -send thither.' - -The townsmen were greatly enraged on hearing of this reinforcement -being admitted into the castle; however, within three days, the -dauphin, by negotiation, entered Rouen with his whole army; he rode -straight to the cathedral to offer up his prayers, and thence to the -castle, where he was lodged. - -In the course of eight days, a treaty was made with the townsmen, -which confirmed them in their obedience,--for all that had passed was -pardoned, with the exception of the actual murderers of the bailiff. -The dauphin, having paid his expenses, departed for Paris with his -army, where he appointed the lord de Gamaches bailiff of Rouen, with -orders to inflict exemplary punishment on such of the murderers as -should be duly convicted. Some of them were punished; but Alain -Blanchart absented himself for some time; and when he returned to the -town, he enjoyed great authority and power, as shall hereafter be -related. - - - - -CHAP. LIII. - - THE DEATH OF LOUIS KING OF SICILY. THE CONDUCT OF THE LEADERS OF - COMPANIES.--THE OVERTHROW OF RAYMONNET DE LA GUERRE.--THE DESTRUCTION - OF THE TOWN OF AUMALE. - - -In these days, king Louis, father-in-law to the daulphin, died, leaving -three sons and two daughters,--Louis, who succeeded to his crown, -René, afterward duke of Bar, and Charles. One of his daughters was -married to the dauphin, and the other, named Yolande, was but two years -old. By his death, the dauphin lost an able counsellor and friend; the -more to be lamented, as the greatest confusion now reigned in many -parts of France, and justice was trampled under foot. - -The foreigners also that were attached to the party of the duke of -Burgundy, such as Gastellimas Quigny, and others before named, robbed -and plundered all the countries they marched through, and every person, -noble or not, even such as were of the same party as themselves. -Infinite mischiefs were done by them to poor countrymen, who were -grievously oppressed. - -These foreign companies bent their march toward the Boulonois, -intending to treat it as they had done to other districts; but some of -the inhabitants assembled during the night, under the command of Butor, -bastard of Croy, and made an attack on the quarters of the lieutenant -of John de Clau, named Laurens Rose, whom they put to death, with -several of his men: the rest were robbed of all they had. - -In revenge for this insult, the bastard de Thian, one of the captains -of these companies, seized a very proper gentleman, called Gadifer de -Collehaut whom he hanged on a tree. However, these strangers, seeing -they were likely to be strongly opposed, speedily retreated from the -Boulonois, and, shortly after took the town and castle of Davencourt -belonging to the heirs of the lord de Hangest. When they had rifled -it of its furniture, they set it on fire, so that it was totally -destroyed, and thence marched to lay siege to Neuf-Châtel sur Eusne. - -Sir Raymonnet de la Guerre, and sir Thomas de Lersies bailiff of -the Vermandois, collected a considerable force in the king's name -to raise the siege, and to overpower these foreigners; but as their -intentions were known the besiegers marched to meet them, and in the -end completely put them to the rout, taking and killing full eight -score: the remainder, with Raymonnet and sir Thomas de Lersies, saved -themselves by flight, and took refuge in such of the strong towns -belonging to the king as they could first gain. - -After this defeat, those of Neuf-Châtel surrendered the town, which the -foreigners having plundered it of its valuables, set on fire, and then -departed for the Cambresis, where they did infinite mischiefs. - -At this same period, but in another part of the kingdom John de -Fosseux, Daviod de Poix, Ferry de Mailly, sir Louis de Thiembronne, -Louis de Varigines, Guerrard bastard de Brimeu, and some other captains -of companies attached to the duke of Burgundy, crossed the Somme near -to Blanchetaque, with full twelve hundred combatants, and, passing -through Oisemont, went to Aumale, belonging to the count de Harcourt. - -They quartered themselves in the town, and then made a sharp assault on -the castle; but it was so well defended by the garrison that very many -of the assailants were dreadfully wounded. When they were retreating, -and during the night, they, through mischief or otherwise, set fire to -the town, which, with the church, was completely burnt. It was a great -pity, for it was a town that carried on a very considerable commerce. - -John de Fosseux and his accomplices then marched away to quarter -themselves in the town of Hornoy, and in the adjacent villages in the -county of Vimeu, which district they totally plundered; and after three -days, they conducted their prisoners, with the cattle, sheep and pigs, -across the Somme, at the place where they had before passed. - -In like manner, similar excursions were made into the countries of the -Beauvoisis, Vermandois, Santerre, Amiennois, and other districts under -the king's government,--in all of which the inhabitants were grievously -oppressed. - - - - -CHAP. LIV. - - THE KING'S GARRISON IN PERONNE CARRIES ON A SEVERE WAR AGAINST THE - COUNTRIES ATTACHED TO THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY. - - -During these times, the town of Peronne situated on the river Somme, -was strongly garrisoned by forces sent thither by the constable of -France, in the king's name under the command of sir Robert de Loyre. -They consisted of one hundred men at arms well appointed, one hundred -genoese cross-bowmen, and the same number of other combatants; and -they made very frequent excursions, day and night, over the countries -attached to the duke of Burgundy and his allies, bringing to their -garrison considerable plunder of cattle and other effects. - -In like manner did the garrison of the castle du Main, belonging to sir -Collart de Calville, make war in the king's name on all the allies and -supporters of the duke of Burgundy. - -The towns of Corbie and Amiens, suffered much from these continued -attacks; and the inhabitants of the latter town, by the command of the -duke of Burgundy, was forced to banish sir Robert d'Eusne the king's -bailiff, Hugh de Puys the king's advocate, and some others, because -they had acted with too much vigour, and contrary to his good pleasure, -against several of his adherents. He had even declared, that he would -make war on them if they pretended to support them against his will. - -They consequently left the town and went to Paris, where they made -heavy complaints against the duke to the king and council, who were -very far from being satisfied with the conduct of the duke, who was -urging on matters from bad to worse. - - - - -CHAP. LV. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY SENDS AMBASSADORS TO MANY OF THE KING'S PRINCIPAL - TOWNS, TO FORM ALLIANCES WITH THEM.--THE OATHS THAT WERE MADE ON THE - OCCASION. - - -The duke of Burgundy sent the lords de Fosseux, de Humbercourt, and -master Philip de Morviller, as ambassadors, to several of the king's -principal towns, with letters patent from the duke, addressed to the -magistrates and commonalty. - -They first went to Montrieul, which instantly assented to his -proposals, then to St Riquier, Abbeville, Amiens and Dourlens; and at -each place they had their letters publicly read to the commonalty; -after which master Philip de Morviller notably harangued them on the -good intentions of the duke to provide for the public welfare, and -with such effect that all the above towns formed alliances with the -ambassadors, which they solemnly swore to maintain, and mutually -exchanged the acts drawn up for this purpose. - -The tenour of that of the town of Dourlens was as follows. - -'To all those to whom these presents shall come; John de Fosseux -lord de Fosseux and de Nivelle, David de Brimeu lord of Humbercourt, -knights, and Philip de Morviller, councellors and ambassadors from -the very high and puissant prince our much redoubted lord the duke -of Burgundy, on the one part, and the governor, mayor, sheriffs, and -resident burghers of the town of Dourlens on the other part, greeting. -We make known, that we have entered into and formed a treaty of concord -and amity, the terms of which are as follow. - -'First, the said governor, mayor, sheriffs, and resident burghers, will -aid and support the said duke of Burgundy in his endeavours to restore -the king our lord to the full enjoyment of his power and liberty, -so that his realm may have uninterrupted justice, and commerce an -unrestrained course. - -'Item, they will assist the said duke to the utmost of their power, -that the king and his realm may be wisely and well governed and -secured against all enemies. They will admit him and his army into -their town, allowing him to have a superiority of force, and they -will, for money, supply him and his men with whatever provisions or -necessaries they may require, they taking on themselves the guard and -defence of the town, and permitting all merchants, as well of the -town as otherwise, to bring into it, without molestation, whatever -merchandises they may please. - -'Item, during the time the said duke shall remain in possession of the -town of Dourlens, he shall not arrest, or cause to be arrested, any -of the inhabitants, of whatever rank or condition, without a judicial -enquiry having previously been held; and should any of the officers -of the said duke commit an injury or insult on the inhabitants, he or -they shall be severely punished by those to whom the cognizance of such -cases belongs. - -'Item, the townsmen of Dourlens, of every degree, shall have free -liberty to repair to the countries of the said duke on their affairs, -without let or hindrance, either personally or otherwise. - -'Item, my lord the duke will support and defend the townsmen of -Dourlens against all who may attempt to injure them, for having entered -into this treaty in favour of the king and our aforesaid lord. - -'Item, it is not the intention of our said lord the duke to place any -garrison in Dourlens, nor to claim any right of dominion over the said -town; but he is contented that the town shall be governed in the king's -name, as it has heretofore been, to the honour of the said town, and to -the advantage of the public weal. - -'The said town engages, on the other hand, never to admit any garrison -from the party in opposition to the said duke. - -'Item, should there be any persons in the said town of Dourlens who may -any way injure and attempt to retard the operations of the said duke, -by speech or action, and the same be proved by legal evidence they -will cause such person or persons to be most rigorously punished as it -behoves them to do. - -'Item, since the said town has been of late heavily oppressed in its -agriculture, more especially in the harvest of this present month of -August; and since many cattle have been carried away by men at arms -avowing themselves of the Burgundian party, by which the labourer -and poor people are much distressed, and unless a remedy be speedily -applied, must quit their habitations. We, therefore, the inhabitants -of Dourlens, most humbly supplicate you, my lords ambassadors, that -you would, out of your goodness and discretion, remonstrate with the -duke on these matters, that such remedies may be applied as the urgency -of the case requires, and the people of Dourlens will pray for your -present and future welfare. - -'Item, for the more effectual security of the aforesaid articles, and -of each of them, the said ambassadors and the said governor, sheriffs, -and resident burghers of the town of Dourlens having exchanged the said -articles, sealed with their seals, and signed by the sworn clerk of the -shrievalty of the said town. - -'We the said ambassadors, by the powers vested in us by our very -redoubted lord, and we the governor, mayor, &c. have promised, sworn -and agreed, and by these presents do punctually promise, swear and -agree, to preserve every article of this treaty, without any way the -least infringing of it, under penalty of confiscation of our goods, -without the smallest diminution. In testimony of which, we have affixed -our seals to these presents, in the town of Dourlens, the 7th day of -August, in the year of Grace 1417.' - - - - -CHAP. LVI. - - KING HENRY OF ENGLAND RETURNS TO FRANCE WITH A LARGE ARMY, AND TAKES - MANY TOWNS AND FORTRESSES. THE COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE, WHERE POPE MARTIN - IS ELECTED HEAD OF THE CHURCH. - - -King Henry of England, accompanied by his brothers the dukes of -Clarence and Glocester, a number of other nobles, and a numerous army, -landed at the Port of Touques in Normandy, with the intent to conquer -the whole of that duchy. The royal castle at Touques was speedily -invested on all sides, which caused the governor, sir John d'Engennes, -to surrender it within four days, on condition that he and the garrison -should depart with their effects. - -Within a short time afterward, the following towns and castles -surrendered to king Henry without making any resistance: Harcourt, -Beaumont le Roger, Evreux, and several others, in which he placed -numerous garrisons. He then opened negotiations for the surrender of -the towns of Rouen and Louviers. - -The other towns in the duchy were astonished at the facility of king -Henry's conquests, for scarcely any place made a defence. This was -caused by the divisions that existed among the nobles, some taking part -with the king and others with the duke of Burgundy, and therefore they -were fearful of trusting each other. The constable had besides drawn -off the greater part of the forces in this district to Paris, to be -prepared to meet the duke of Burgundy, whom he daily expected in those -parts with a large army. - -At this period, by orders from the holy council at Constance, Italy, -France, England and Germany, selected four discreet men from each -nation, who entered the conclave with the cardinals of the roman court, -to elect a pope, on the eve of Martinmas-day. During the time they were -shut up in conclave, Sigismund emperor of Germany, and king of Hungary -and Bohemia, was seated on his royal throne without the doors of the -conclave, having on his head an imperial crown, and in his hand the -sceptre, surrounded by a numerous body of princes, knights, and men at -arms. - -By the grace of the Holy Spirit (it is to be believed), they -unanimously elected for pope the cardinal Colonna, a native of Rome. He -bore for arms a shield vermilion, having a column argent in the center -surmounted with a crown or. He was conducted to the cathedral church, -and consecrated by the cardinal of Ostia, dean of the cardinals, and -took the name of Martin V. - -This nomination was instantly published throughout all nations, for -which the clergy and people returned thanks to God, with the exception -of the city of Paris; for they were afraid this new pope and the -emperor of Germany would be more favourable to the king of England and -the duke of Burgundy than to the king of France, his son, the count -d'Armagnac and others of the king's council. - - - - -CHAP. LVII. - - THE LORD DE CANNY IS SENT BY THE KING OF FRANCE AMBASSADOR TO THE DUKE - OF BURGUNDY, WHOM HE FINDS AT AMIENS.--THE ANSWER HE RECEIVES FROM THE - DUKE. - - -The duke of Burgundy had been a long time in making his preparations -for a successful issue to his enterprise; and when all things were -ready, he marched his army from Arras on St Laurence's day, toward -Corbie, with the intent to continue his march to Paris. - -On the same evening that he arrived at Corbie, Raoul de Roye, abbot of -the place, departed this life, to the great sorrow of the duke. After -remaining some days at Corbie, he went to Amiens, where he was most -honourably received by all ranks, and carols were sung in the streets -he passed through to his lodgings, at the house of master Robert le -jeune, his counsellor. - -Before he left Amiens, he appointed a new set of officers, namely, -the lord de Belloy governor, the lord de Humbercourt bailiff, Andrew -Clavel attorney general; and he changed others according to his good -pleasure. During his stay at Amiens, letters were presented to him, -signed by the king himself, by sir Aubert lord of Canny and Varennes, -who said, 'Very noble prince, and renowned lord, it will appear by -these letters from the king our lord that I am commanded to enjoin and -order you in his name, that you do instantly lay aside the expedition -you have undertaken, by disbanding your army, that you return to your -own country, and that you write him your reasons why you have raised -this army contrary to his orders.' - -The duke instantly replied, 'You, lord de Canny, are, if you please, -or if you do not please, of our kindred, by the flanders line; -notwithstanding which, in good truth, I have a great mind to have -your head struck off for having brought me such a message.' The lord -de Canny, greatly terrified at this speech, fell on his knees, and -humbly begged that he would hold him excused, for that he had been -constrained to obey the king's commands, shewing, at the same time, the -instructions that had been given him by the king and council. - -The knights who surrounded the duke taking the part of the lord de -Canny, he was somewhat appeased, but said he would not inform him of -his intentions, and that another should carry his answer to the king; -that he should not pay any regard to the prohibitions the king had -sent, but would march his army to Paris as speedily as he could, and -reply, face to face, to his majesty, to all the charges he had made -against him. - -The duke, notwithstanding, ordered his council to draw up separate -answers to the articles of the instructions given to the lord de -Canny, as well as to the different charges made by the king which he -gave to the lord de Canny, making him at the same time promise that -he would deliver this writing into the hands of the king and of none -other. It contained also the names of the traitors in the king's -council, and such of his officers as wished the destruction of the duke. - -The lord de Canny, having finished his business, left Amiens and -returned to the king at Paris. - -Here follow the instructions given to sir Aubert de Canny lord de -Varennes in the name of the king and council, prescribing his mode of -proceeding with the duke of Burgundy. - -'He will first address the duke of Burgundy, and say that the king -and my lord the dauphin are greatly astonished at his conduct towards -the king and his highness, considering how near related to them he is -by blood, and under what obligations he lies to them, as he has often -avowed by his speeches, and by his various letters. - -'He will strongly remonstrate with him on the open warfare which his -vassals, subjects and allies are carrying on against the king, by -taking towns and castles by storm, and committing numberless cruelties -by fire and sword against the liege subjects of the king, as bad or -even worse than his enemies the English could have done. - -'He will remonstrate with him, that his officers, and others attached -to him, make the inhabitants of many of the king's towns swear -obedience to the duke of Burgundy, forbidding them henceforward to -pay any taxes or subsidies which they have usually done to the royal -treasury, which is an astonishing act of authority against the honour -and dignity of the king. - -'He will likewise declare, that the above acts having been done so -nearly at the time of the invasion of the English, it has caused many -persons to suspect they were committed for their advantage, and to -prevent the king from making resistance against them, and that the duke -of Burgundy is their sworn ally. - -'The lord de Canny, for these reasons, will, in the king's name, insist -that the duke of Burgundy do henceforth abstain from such acts, more -especially from attacking any of the towns in France, laying siege to -them, and forcing the inhabitants to take illegal oaths. - -'He will at the same time require, that all the men at arms who have -been assembled shall be disbanded, and sent to their different homes; -for, considering the manner and time in which they have been collected, -the king is firmly persuaded they have been thus raised to afford -succour to the English, and to harrass the king and his realm. - -'Item, to induce the duke to comply, sir Aubert, will dilate on the -great dishonour he will incur, and the shame and reproach that will -fall on him and his family, should he persevere in his present conduct; -and at the same time gently entreat him to consider well these matters, -and not to inflict such disgrace on the memory of his good father, who -was so valiant and loyal, and who enjoined him, on his death-bed, to be -ever obedient to the king and to his commands. - -'Item, sir Aubert will, in like manner, remonstrate on all these -matters with the barons, knights, esquires, and others who may have -accompanied the duke of Burgundy, and to whom he may gain access, -requiring them, in the king's name, not to fall off from that loyalty -which they and their predecessors have alway shewn to the king and his -realm, nor to disgrace themselves by listening to evil advisers, or by -any act to draw on themselves and successors the opprobrium of being -reported in times to come not only disobedient to their king, but even -favourers of the enemies of the kingdom. - -'Item, in the execution of these instructions, sir Aubert will act in -the most gracious and polite manner,--and, before his return to Paris, -will request to have answers in writing from all to whom he shall have -addressed himself. - -'Item, should the duke of Burgundy, or any of his partisans, say, that -those who have at present the government of the king have showered on -him, the duke, so many and gross insults that they were not longer to -be borne,--sir Aubert will reply, that supposing any of those about -the king's person should have done any thing displeasing to the duke, -that is not a sufficient reason why he should endeavour to destroy -the kingdom, as he is daily doing, nor why he should favour and give -support to the English, the king's enemies, at the expense of his own -honour and that of his posterity; for he might have expressed his -dissatisfaction in a more decent and becoming manner. - -'Item, sir Aubert will beside say, that in compliance with the requests -of the late lord of Hainault, whose soul may God pardon! and from a -sincere wish for peace with the duke of Burgundy and all others, the -king had granted many considerable gifts, which ought to have been very -agreeable to the duke for they were much to his profit, and to that of -his dependants. Nevertheless, the king's hand is not so closed but that -he is well inclined to show great courtesy and favours to the duke of -Burgundy, and all others in his service, should there be occasion, and -should they perform that duty they are bounden to do. - -'Item, should it be necessary, sir Aubert shall have given to him -copies in writing of the answers which the king made to the complaints -of the duke of Burgundy, and of the acts that he said had been done to -his prejudice, for him to show such answers to the barons, knights, -esquires, and others of the nobility who may be attached to, or in the -service of the duke of Burgundy. - -'Given at Paris, the 2nd day of August, in the year of Grace 1417.' - -'Signed by the king: countersigned, Ferrement.' - -Here follows a copy of the answers which the duke of Burgundy made to -the articles of the instructions in the name of the king, and given to -sir Aubert de Canny, lord de Varennes. - -'In the first place, with regard to the astonishment of the king at the -conduct which the duke of Burgundy holds in opposition to his majesty, -considering how nearly related he is to him by blood, and how very much -he has been obliged to him,--the duke replies, that he is in truth his -relation and vassal, and bound to serve him before all and against all; -and it is from his warm affection and attachment that he is so anxious -and pressing to procure a reform in the government of the realm, as -well in regard to what personally concerns the king, the queen, and his -children, as in the repairs of his palaces the maintenance of strict -justice, and a more equitable management of the public finances, as may -be clearly proved by various royal ordinances. - -'These reforms have been solemnly sworn to be pursued by the -perseverance of the duke of Burgundy, in the presence of the king -holding a bed of justice; but, through the intrigues of those who now -surround the throne, and who shall hereafter be named, these measures -have not only been interrupted, and then laid aside, but the finances -of the king, his realm, and in general of all the resident subjects in -the kingdom, have been most shamefully dissipated. - -'They have even attempted to destroy, in body and estate, the duke of -Burgundy, his wellwishers, and such of them as they could apprehend; -and have employed the arms of the spiritual court against them, to -effect the dishonour and damnation of his fair reputation, and of the -renown of himself, and posterity; but the duke of Burgundy did obtain -from the council of Constance a sentence in his favour, which clearly -demonstrates the upright conduct of the duke, and the wickedness and -hatred of his enemies. - -'Item, with respect to what concerns the subjects of Burgundy, and -others who avow their attachment to the duke, making open war on the -king's towns and subjects, &c.--the duke of Burgundy replies, that -when he perceived those about the king's person were persevering in -their rigorous acts, and that they were unwilling to listen to any -wholesome reforms for the welfare of the state, and that insult was -added to insult upon him, by every violent means, the duke of Burgundy -found himself obliged to send notice, by letters patent of these -harsh proceedings, to many of the principal towns within the realm, -signifying, at the same time, his good intentions, and the means he -proposed to remedy them; and it was for this purpose he issued his -summonses for assembling men at arms and archers. - -'Thanks to God, he had now under his command, for the service of the -king and the welfare of the kingdom, six thousand knights and esquires, -and an army of thirty thousand combatants, all wellwishers to his -majesty, his realm, and loyal subjects. - -'During the march of this army, the duke approached several large -towns, the inhabitants of which, knowing his good intentions, -opened their gates to him. This army has forced many places, full -of plunderers, to surrender to him in the king's name, and he has -regarrisoned them with good and loyal subjects to the king, who are -incapable of committing any thing dishonourable to his majesty, -themselves, or their country; and this has been done with the full -approbation of these towns and the adjoining countries. - -'Item, respecting the charge that has been made against the officers -of the duke of Burgundy, for having induced several towns to swear -obedience to him, and having afterward forbidden them to pay any taxes -to the king, &c, the duke of Burgundy replies, that if he has received -the oaths of allegiance from any city or town, it has been done that -they might persevere in their loyalty toward the king, and for the -good of his realm, to the confusion and disgrace of those who prevent -a peace being made, and who are the destroyers of the kingdom. Such as -may have joined the duke of Burgundy, and are obedient to him, have -been induced so to do from a knowledge of his upright intentions, and a -confidence that his love for the king and kingdom exceeds that of all -others. - -'It is not true, under respect to the king, that such towns have been -forbidden to pay any of the taxes due to the crown; but it may have -been that they were ordered not to pay them to those false traitors the -present ministers, but to reserve them to be employed for the king's -service at proper times and places,--and this should be considered -as praise-worthy; for of all the immense sums they have received, -the greater part have been shamefully mismanaged, and taken from the -king to be divided among themselves and the enemies of France, to the -irreparable loss of the king, his realm and chivalry, as is well known -to all the world. The duke, however intends, when he shall be admitted -to the presence of the king, to propose the abolishing of the most -oppressive taxes, and that the good subjects of the realm may again -enjoy their ancient rights and privileges in a reasonable manner. - -'Item, in regard to the charge made against the duke of Burgundy, that -his conduct has been influenced by his friendship for England, and that -what he has done has been with a view to support the English in their -invasion of France, and that the duke of Burgundy is their sworn ally,-- - -'The duke replies, that such an imagination could not have been formed -in the heart of any honest man. The English have formerly invaded -France without opposition, (although the same traitorous ministers -governed the king and his realm), and to the great loss of the french -chivalry. It is therefore to be supposed that since the English gained -such success from the weak administration of his majesty's ministers, -they intend to persevere in hopes of further advantages; and they have -even taken the town of Harfleur, one of the strongest sea-ports in -Normandy. - -'This ought to be treasured up in the memories of all the noble -chivalry attached to the duke of Burgundy, whom these wicked traitors -wish to denounce as being disinclined to make any resistance to the -English; and, with all due respect to the king, those who shall say -that the duke of Burgundy is the sworn ally of the English, lie -wickedly and damnably. - -'Item, respecting the request made to the duke of Burgundy, that he -would disband and send to their homes the troops he has assembled, -the duke replies, that now the false and disloyal conduct of these -traitors is very apparent, for every one knows that they have not -raised any powers to oppose the English; and that it is at this moment -more necessary than ever to have a sufficient force for the defence -of the king and kingdom, especially such faithful and loyal knights -and esquires as compose the duke's army, instead of disbanding and -dismissing them to their homes; and it is clear that the conduct of -the ministry tends more to favour the enemy, and oppress the king -and country. Those noble men who compose the duke's army should -particularly observe, that these traitors consider them as disloyal to -their king, and enemies to their country. The duke also declares, in -the most positive manner, for himself and his companions, that he will -not disband his army, but will continue to proceed according to the -tenour of his public letters declaratory thereof. - -'Item, with regard to the dishonour and disgrace in which he, the duke -of Burgundy, will involve himself and family should he persevere in his -present line of conduct, and, according to the remonstrances of sir -Aubert de Canny, cover thereby his worthy and valiant father's memory -with infamy, who, on his death-bed, strictly enjoined him to be ever -obedient to the king and to his commands,-- - -'The duke replies, that his father, of worthy memory, whose soul -may God pardon! was, as it is truly said, ever loyal and faithful -to the king; and it was from his knowledge of the weak and wicked -government of France at the time of his decease, that he ordered his -son faithfully to serve the king and crown of France without sparing -his person or fortune; and it has been for this reason that the duke of -Burgundy has adopted the present measures, as the sole means for the -reformation and reparation of the king's government. These measures -have not been adopted by him of a sudden, but deliberately, and after -maturely weighing the consequences with his council; and should he now -change his conduct, he would be very justly blamed and reproached,--for -this reason, therefore, he is resolved to proceed therein. - -'Item, with respect to sir Aubert de Canny remonstrating with the -lords, barons, knights and esquires attached to the duke of Burgundy, -on the above matters,--the duke replies, that the conduct he has -hitherto held and proposes to pursue, with God's pleasure, has been -with the advice and approbation of his barons, knights, esquires, and -other notable persons, and he therefore shall give full liberty for -any such remonstrances to be made to them; for the more they shall -be conversed with on these matters, the more fully will they be made -acquainted with the iniquities of those who prevent a peace, and -disturb the good intentions of the duke of Burgundy. - -'Item in regard to the polite and gracious manner in which sir Aubert -de Canny is ordered to make these remonstrances, and to declare the -king's prohibitions to him and to his company, &c.-- - -'The duke replies, that not having any consciousness that such commands -and prohibitions were proper to be made him, knowing for a certainty -that they are not the real sentiments of the king, who on the contrary -loves him affectionately, and is very earnest to see him, having -often demanded his presence, he is aware that these false and wicked -traitors have drawn up these instructions in an underhand manner, and -that at this moment, when the enemy have landed in the kingdom, it is -not a time to obey such orders and prohibitions; but this force, as -well as the aid of all loyal subjects, ought now to be exerted in the -defence of the country. Even supposing the enemies had not effected -their invasion, the duke of Burgundy would not have suffered such false -traitors to hold the government of the kingdom. - -'Item, respecting what is said of the duke of Burgundy and of others -in his company, that supposing those who have the management of the -king should have done acts displeasing to them, and added insults to -insults, these were not sufficient reasons to authorise the duke to -endeavour to destroy the kingdom, or to afford aid and advice to the -English,--the duke replies, that in addition to what he has before -said, and other innumerable instances too long to relate, it is -notorious that the present ministers namely, sir Henry de Marle the -bishop of Paris, sir Tanneguy du Châtel, sir Burel de Dammartin, master -Stephen de Mauregard, master Philip de Corbie, with several others, -have been the principal promoters, and leaders in those iniquitous -measures, disturbers of the peace of the realm, and guilty of many -other excesses and great crimes, as shall be detailed more at large -hereafter. - -'The duke of Burgundy, therefore, has not assembled his forces to -destroy the kingdom, or to favour the English, but to drive the -present ministers from power, and from about the person of the king; -and he will never desist from this praise-worthy intention so long -as life may be granted him,--for they are not such persons as should -have authority, not being worthy by birth, knowledge, experience, or -loyalty; and it is become a subject of contempt and laughter that -persons of such low estate, and of so small a share of knowledge or -experience, should have intrusted to them the expulsion of the English. - -'The barons and principal persons of the realm should weigh this matter -well, and not suffer themselves to be thus supplanted by persons of no -understanding or birth; for they have shewn themselves of weak capacity -in daily committing acts of the utmost cruelty on the liege subjects of -the king, under pretence of maintaining justice and order. - -'Item, in respect to what relates to the king having (at the -solicitations of the count de Hainault, whose soul may God pardon!) -from a love of peace, granted to the duke of Burgundy and those who had -served him, many handsome gifts, but which the duke made light of,-- - -'The duke replies, that from his anxiety to preserve peace and union -in France, which he has ever felt and feels from the bottom of his -heart, he waited on my lord the dauphin lately deceased, and my -lord of Hainault, to whose souls may God shew mercy! and after much -conversation relative to a peace, the duke of Burgundy offered them -a schedule of his terms for the conclusion thereof, with all who may -be desirous of partaking of it, with the exception of king Louis of -Sicily, lately deceased, on account of disputes that existed between -them: with this proposal, the dauphin and the count de Hainault were -perfectly satisfied. For the accomplishment of which, they were to meet -at Compiegne, as every dispatch would be necessary, the sooner to put -an end to the miseries of war. However, those traitors who surround the -king, by their intrigues, protracted the business for three months, or -thereabout, without coming to any final decision. - -'The count de Hainault at length went to Paris, and, by means of the -queen, procured from these traitors a sort of agreement to the offers -of peace, with which he was satisfied; but during these negotiations, -he privately learnt, that it was intended to arrest him and the queen, -and imprison them, that they might manage the dauphin as they should -please; and this information caused the count de Hainault to quit -Paris precipitately and return to Compiegne, where soon after the -dauphin was carried off from this life in a most wicked and damnable -manner, which has been before related in different letters patent from -the duke of Burgundy. - -'After the dauphin's decease, the count de Hainault returned to his own -county, whither was addressed the answer of the king's ministers to the -proposals for peace, which much displeased him: he said, that since -the death of the dauphin, they had changed their minds, and totally -altered and perverted what had before been agreed upon. This answer he -sent to the duke of Burgundy, who, having maturely considered it with -his council, found it was highly derogatory to the honour and welfare -of the king and his realm, as well as to himself the duke of Burgundy, -and paid no regard to it. Instigated, however, by such conduct, he -dispatched into several parts of the kingdom a manifesto, declaratory -of the ruin of the country were the present ministers continued in -power, and his firm resolution to do every thing to prevent it, by -driving them from about the person of the king. - -'This declaration he presented himself to the count de Hainault during -his last illness, who having heard the contents read, was very willing -that it should be published throughout his dominions, saying, that it -was well done of the duke of Burgundy; for the traitors that surrounded -the king were worse than imagination could form an idea of, making at -the same time an offer of his personal services, should God grant him -the grace to recover from his illness; and should sickness detain him, -he offered the duke the aid of his vassals, friends, wellwishers, and -money. He then swore, by a round oath, that if he had not suddenly left -Paris, the traitors intended to have arrested the queen and himself, as -is now notorious from their subsequent conduct to the queen; for they -laid hands on her, and took possession of every thing she possessed, to -the great disgrace of the king and of all his family. - -'It is likewise true, that when the duke of Burgundy was at Lagny, the -duke of Brittany ran great risks at Paris, and was forced to depart -thence because he was desirous of procuring a peace to France. The -count de Hainault also added, with a great oath, that were the English -at one of the gates of Paris, and the duke of Burgundy at another, -they would permit the English to enter the city rather than the duke -of Burgundy. All these things did the count de Hainault say in the -presence of madame de Hainault, my lord de Charolois, my lord de St -Pol, the treasurer of Hainault, John the bastard, master Eustace de -Lactre, my lord de Champdivers, and several others. - -'It is very clear that the king's ministers have no inclination -to promote the good of the realm; for they have lately caused the -declaratory letters of the duke of Burgundy to be publicly burnt in the -courts of the palace at Paris, in which the duke offered peace to all -who were willing to accept of it from him, as has been before related. -This act is but a poor revenge on their part, and a pitiful weakness -thus to burn a few skins of parchment. - -'Item, to conclude; that all persons may know the will and intention -of the duke of Burgundy, he thus declares publicly that he shall -persist in his present line of conduct until he shall have had a long -audience of the king, to remonstrate with him on the enormous abuses -committed by the present government, and to lay before him the means -of reformation, which are such as must be satisfactory to his majesty, -and to every honest man in the kingdom,--notwithstanding the duke had -offered, by his declaratory letters, peace to all, but which the king's -ministers would not accept, and have persevered in their wickedness. - -'The duke of Burgundy, desirous of procuring peace to the kingdom, -which is in so great want of it, is willing to lay aside all thoughts -of revenge for the numerous insults offered him, and again proposes -peace on the same terms on which he has before done.' - -When the duke of Burgundy had, as he thought, fully answered all the -charges made against him in the paper of instructions given by the -king's order to the lord de Canny, a fair copy was written thereof, and -delivered to the lord de Canny, who took leave of the duke and returned -to the king at Paris, carrying the above answers with him. - - - - -CHAP. LVIII. - - THE LORD DE CANNY, ON HIS RETURN FROM HIS EMBASSY, TO PARIS, IS - ACCUSED BY THE ROYAL COUNCIL.--ORDERS ARE ISSUED AGAINST THE DUKE OF - BURGUNDY. - - -Previously to the return of the lord de Canny to Paris, his secretary -had given copies of the instructions, and the duke of Burgundy's -answer, to many of his friends, insomuch that they made them public -long before they were laid before the king and his ministers. In -consequence, when the lord de Canny had an audience, to make his -report of the embassy, he was told in full council, 'Lord de Canny, -you have shewn yourself very unworthy of the king's confidence, by -thus distributing copies of the king's instructions, and the duke -of Burgundy's answer, of which this is one of them, that you have -dispersed at Amiens, Paris and elsewhere, among your friends and -acquaintance, with no good intent toward the king's service.' - -The copy was compared with the original, signed by the duke's own -hand, and found perfectly similar, to the great confusion of the lord -de Canny, who, in excuse, said they must have been distributed by his -secretary, who had fled from his service. - -The lord de Canny was, notwithstanding, carried prisoner to the -bastille of St Anthony, where he was confined a long space of time, -even until the taking of Paris; for the ministers were very much -displeased that the duke of Burgundy's answers should have been made -public in so many places; and whatever they may have affected, they -were greatly alarmed at the duke's power, for they had been informed -that the greater part of the principal towns, and the commonalty -throughout the kingdom, were favourable to him, as well as many of the -principal lords and gentlemen. - -When they found, from the duke's answers, that he was determined to -persevere in his enterprise of marching his army to Paris, to demand -an audience of the king, they were more uneasy at their situation than -before; for they knew they would be driven from their places, and many -of them, criminally punished, should he succeed in his object. - -To obviate this as much as in them lay, they caused letters to be -written in the king's name, and sent to all the chief towns in France, -to command them neither to admit within their walls the duke of -Burgundy or any of his partisans, nor to pay any obedience to them. -They also placed garrisons at all the passes and other important -places; and the constable even remanded his men from Normandy for the -greater security of Paris. - -Thus whilst the king of England was making good his landing in France -with an immense army, as has been said, he found no difficulties -in adding to his conquests,--and, from the effect of these internal -divisions, he met with scarcely any resistance. - - - - -CHAP. LIX. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY CONTINUES HIS MARCH TOWARD PARIS.--SEVERAL TOWNS - AND FORTS SURRENDER TO HIM, IN WHICH HE PLACES CAPTAINS AND GOVERNORS. - - -After the duke of Burgundy had remained some days in Amiens, and had -delegated the government of his dominions in Picardy to his eldest son -the count de Charolois, with an able council to assist him, he departed -thence and returned to Corbie, and continued his march to Mondidier. - -During this time, the lady of the castle of Mouy promised that she -would no longer permit her people to make inroads on the territories -of the duke. He was accompanied to Mondidier by the young count de St -Pol, sir John de Luxembourg, and many other great barons, such as the -lord de Fosseux and his three brothers, sir Philip, sir James, and sir -John, sir Jennet de Poix, Hector, Philippe, and le bon de Saveuses, -the lord de Rambures, sir Burnel, and Louis de Varigines, and others. -He went from Mondidier to Beauvais,--in which place he was received on -certain assurances in the name of the duke of Burgundy, in like manner -as had been done at Amiens. - -To this town the lord de Fosseux had previously marched, and caused -the mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty to be harangued by master Robert -le jeune, advocate and councellor to the duke of Burgundy, on the -sincere and loyal affection the duke bore to the king and realm, as -well as to the whole royal family. He explained the object of the -duke's enterprise as being to reform the abuses in the goverment of the -kingdom, which had been caused by those persons of low degree and weak -understandings, that had usurped the management of the king and his -council. - -The townsmen of Beauvais were well satisfied with this harangue, and -finally consented to admit the duke, and as large a force as he should -please, into their town. The duke, in consequence, marched thither from -Mondidier, and was most joyfully received, carols being sung in all the -streets through which he passed. He was lodged at the bishop's palace, -and tarried there eight whole days,--while his army was quartered in -the adjacent country, which suffered severely therefrom, although it -was abundantly supplied with every necessary. - -During his stay at Beauvais, some of the inhabitants from Gournay in -Normandy were deputed thither by the governor and commonalty, to submit -themselves to his obedience, and to offer attachment to his party. The -duke received them kindly, and made them swear obedience and loyalty to -the king and himself, which they instantly complied with. - -He acquitted them of gabelles, subsidies, and all taxes, as he had done -to those of others of the king's towns that had submitted themselves to -him. - -In the mean time, Hector and Philip de Saveuses, sir Elyon de -Jacqueville, and some other captains made an excursion to Beaumont sur -Oise, in the hope of gaining that pass; but it was well defended by the -constable's men within the place, and they were forced to return by the -town of Chambly le Haubergier, where they pillaged from churches and -other places, and brought a very considerable booty to the duke their -lord at Beauvais, who, a few days after, sent great part of his army to -quarter themselves at Chambly and in the neighbouring villages. - -Shortly after, the duke departed from Beauvais with the remainder -of his army,--the whole of which was so considerable that it was -estimated, by those who ought to know, at sixty thousand horse. - -By the intrigues and solicitations of a gentleman called Charles de -Mouy, the lord of Isle-Adam joined the party of the duke of Burgundy, -and delivered up his town and pass to John de Fosseux, Hector and -Philip de Saveuses, who placed therein, as a garrison, a sufficient -number of their men at arms. When the duke was informed of this, he was -very much rejoiced that the lord de l'Isle Adam had joined him, and -delivered up the passage through his town. - -On the other hand, John de Luxembourg crossed the river Oise, with a -number of men at arms which he had at Presy, in small boats, making -their horses swim the river; and he quartered them at a village hard -by. The morrow, he led the greater part of them to Senlis, of which -town sir Robert d'Esne was bailiff for the king, having under him about -sixty combatants. He made a sally with his men on foot against those of -John of Luxembourg, and a grand skirmish took place. - -However, the majority of the commonalty of the town were not well -pleased that sir Robert should thus wage war on the friends of the -duke of Burgundy: and on the ensuing night, when John of Luxembourg -had retreated, the townsmen rose, seized sir Robert d'Esne and all his -men, after eight or ten had been killed, and carried him to prison; -but through the interference of some of the principal inhabitants, he -was permitted to leave the town, with his men and baggage,--and he went -thence to Mont-Epiloy. - -The next day those of Senlis sent very early for John of Luxembourg, -before whom they swore obedience to the duke of Burgundy. He received -their oaths in the names of the king and duke, promising loyalty and -good behaviour, and appointed Troullart de Moncruel bailiff of Senlis, -with other officers according to his pleasure. When this was done, John -of Luxembourg returned to the duke of Burgundy. - - - - -CHAP. LX. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY CROSSES THE RIVER OISE WITH HIS ARMY AT - L'ISLE-ADAM.--HE BESIEGES AND CONQUERS BEAUMONT AND PONTOISE,--WHENCE - HE REMOVES HIS QUARTERS TO L'ARBRE-SEC. - - -When the duke of Burgundy had repaired the bridge at l'Isle-Adam, the -greater part of his army passed over under the command of the lords de -Fosseux, de Vergy, and de Salnoe, and were lodged in the open fields, -and under hedges and bushes, within the distance of a league from where -they had crossed the river. On the morrow they decamped, and marched -in battle-array to Beaumont-sur-Oise, and quartered themselves in the -town, and around the castle, in spite of the resistance made by those -within it. - -Sir Jennet de Poix, with four hundred combatants under his banner, -advanced to a village a league further, and on the road toward Paris, -which he fortified, and kept possession of until the whole army was -dislodged. The duke of Burgundy was encamped on the other side of the -river, and had his artillery pointed to batter the castle of Beaumont -from across the Oise; and they kept up so brisk an attack that the -castle was damaged in several places. - -The besieged, seeing they were in danger of being taken by storm, -surrendered to the will of the duke of Burgundy. Fifty two persons -were found in the castle, nine of whom were beheaded, and their bodies -hung by the arms to trees: the rest or the greater part, were set at -liberty on paying a heavy ransom; and the lord de Vergy, marshal of the -army, received, by right of his office, all the effects that were found -in the castle. - -The duke of Burgundy revictualled this castle, and gave the command -of it to a burgundian gentleman called John de Torsenay. After this -conquest, the duke ordered the van, which was on the opposite side of -the river, to advance toward Paris, and to quarter themselves at the -abbey of Morbuisson, and other places near to the town of Pontoise, -while the duke should encamp on the side toward Beauvais, and by this -means the town would be surrounded on all sides. On their arrival, the -garrison made a sally, but were repulsed and driven back; and the duke -soon after had his artillery pointed against the gates of Pontoise, -making other preparations to subdue them. - -When the townsmen noticed these things, they opened a parley, and, -five days after, surrendered the place to the duke, on condition that -their lives and fortunes should be spared. They also promised not to -bear arms against him until Christmas-day ensuing; but this they did -not keep, for on his arrival at Paris they continued their warfare -against him as before. - -There were within the town three captains having banners, namely, the -bastard de S. Terre, Tromagon and Maurigon, natives of Gascony, who -marched away together under the passport of the duke, and, crossing -the bridge at Meulan, went to Paris. After their departure, the duke, -with a few attendants, entered the town to examine it, and was well -received by several of the townsmen, who had been long attached to him. -When there, he issued a proclamation throughout the army, forbidding -all persons to enter the town but such as were especially ordered so -to do. To prevent the provisions within the place from being wasted or -destroyed, he appointed, in the king's name, and in his own, the lord -de l'Isle-Adam governor of it. - -When these things were done, the duke marched away, taking the road to -Meulan, from which place terms were offered him; for the men at arms -who had been posted there by the constable had marched away, in company -with those from Pontoise to Paris. - -The duke ordered his whole army to be drawn up in battle-array between -Pontoise and Meulan, that he might see it in order of battle, as -if in the presence of the enemy. The spot where the soldiers were -drawn up was a handsome plain at the foot of a hill; and it was a -very agreeable sight to him, for there were a number of nobles and -gentlemen handsomely equipped, and willing to serve him against all his -opponents: the principal, and those of name, were as follows. - -First, count Philip de St Pol, son to duke Anthony of Brabant, and -nephew to the duke of Burgundy, sir John de Luxembourg, the lord -d'Antoing, the lord de Fosseux and his three brothers, the vidame of -Amiens, Anthony lord of Croy, the lord d'Auxi, sir Jenet de Poix, the -lord d'Inchy, the lord de Humieres, sir Robinet de Mailly and two -of his brothers, the lord de Rambures, sir John de Vaucourt and his -brother Louis, the younger de Renty, the lord de Varigines, the lord -de Cohem, sir Alliamus de Gappamus, sir Hue Burnel and his son sir -Louis, Robert le Roux, Robert de Bournouville, sir Charles Disque, the -lord de Fremeusent, the lord de Humbercourt bailiff of Amiens, sir -Charles de Lens, the lord de Noyelle, the lord de Longueval, sir Payen -de Beaufort, sir Pierre Kieret lord de Ramecourt, George la Personne, -sir Hue de Launoy and his brother sir Guillebert, the lord de Briauté, -sir David de Brimeu and his brother James, the lord de Saint-Leger and -his son sir Mauroy, David de Bouflers, sir John de Courcelles, John -de Flavy, sir Elyon de Jacqueville, the lord de Mesnil, Charlot de -Dully, the bastard de Namur, sir Gastellain Vas, John de Guigny, John -d'Aubigny, the bastard de Thian, Charles l'Abby, Matthew des Près, the -lord de Jaucourt, Guerard bastard de Brimeu, Emard de la Riviere and -his father Philip, Gadifer de Mazinqhen and his brother Thierry. - -From the county of Flanders were the lord d'Estenu, the lord de -Comines, the lord de Gruthuse, the lord de Roubaiz, Robert and Victor, -bastards of Flanders, sir Victor de Rabbecque, Robert de Mauvignes, -Henry de Disquemude, sir Roland de Velereque, Hector de Venront, the -bastard de Collequent, and several others. - -From Burgundy were the lord de Vergy marshal of Burgundy, sir Anthony -de Vergy, Louis de Châlons son to the prince of Orange, the lord de -Salines, sir John de la Trimouille lord de Souvelle, sir Regnier -Pot, the lord de Montagu, the lord de Neuf-Châtel, the lord de -Château-Vilain, the lord de Château-vieux, the lord de Rochefort, the -lord de Thy, sir John de Cotte-brune, the lord d'Ancre, the lord de -Toulongeon, sir William de Champdivers, the lord de Gastellus, sir John -de Digonne, sir Anthony de Toulongeon and his brother Andrew, le veau -de Bar, bailiff of Auxi, Henry de Champdivers, sir Gautier de Rupes, -Andrew de Salines, Regnault de Moncouvin, Anthony de la Marche, sir -James de Courtjambe lord of St Liebault, the lord de Rausse, Pierre de -Digonne, sir Peter de Bauffremont, Emard de Viene, John and Clavin du -Clau, with many other noblemen from various countries, who, with their -men, were drawn up in most handsome array for two hours,--during which -time the duke of Burgundy, attended by some of his most confidential -advisers, rode along the ranks, bowing to each battalion as he passed, -and thanking them most graciously for the honour and service they did -him. In truth, it was a pleasant spectacle to see so many nobles with -the flower of their men at arms thus handsomely drawn out. - -When the review was over, he marched his army across the Seine, at the -bridge of Meulan; and then John de Fosseux and Hector de Saveuses, -with no more than two hundred combatants, advanced by Val-de-Galie to -a castle called Bayne, that belonged to the abbot of Fécamp, who was -within it. He made his peace with them by means of his relation Louis -de Saint-Saulieu, who was with Hector; and it was agreed that a party -of their men should remain in the castle, to guard it against others -of the Burgundians,--and in consideration of a sum of money, they -gave the abbot an agreement signed with their seals; but a few days -afterward, by the consent of Hector de Saveuses, as reported, Philip de -Saveuses, and others in his company carried off all the effects, and -did much damage to it. - -The duke of Burgundy continued the march of his army until he came -to Mont-Rouge: whence Paris could be plainly seen. He there encamped -himself and his army, and the number of tents was so great that they -had the appearance of a considerable town. The duke ordered sir John -de Luxembourg to march his men to St Cloud, who, having quartered them -near to the bridge, made an attack on a small tower at the end of it, -near the town: it was soon taken and set on fire, as well as the mills -under the bridge, when some large bombards were pointed against the -tower of St Cloud, which greatly damaged it in many places; but it was -not taken, for continual reinforcements came from Paris to defend it. - -When the duke of Burgundy had remained for eight days on Mont-Rouge, -he decamped with his army, and advanced a league nearer to Paris, to -a hill whereon was a withered tree, on which he fixed his standard, -and thence was this encampment called 'the camp of the withered tree.' -He remained here also for eight days; and as many of his men were -quartered in the villages close to Paris, several skirmishes took place -between them and the Parisians, although no great losses ensued on -either side. The foragers from the duke's army scoured the country for -eight leagues round, and brought to the camp great booties of horses, -cattle, sheep and pigs, to the ruin of the poor peasantry. - - - - -CHAP. LXI. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY SENDS HIS HERALD TO THE KING OF FRANCE IN - PARIS.--THE ANSWER HE RECEIVES.--THE SIEGE OF MONTLEHERY,--AND OTHER - MATTERS. - - -During the time when the duke of Burgundy was encamped at the withered -tree on Mont-Chastillon, before Paris, he sent one of his heralds -called Palis, who was afterward Flanders king at arms, with letters -to the king and the dauphin of France. On his arrival at the gates of -Paris, he was led to the count d'Armagnac and the king's ministers, who -bade him address the dauphin, and give to him his letters, for that -he could not be admitted to the presence of the king,--which he did, -shortly detailing the object of his mission from the duke of Burgundy. - -The dauphin, who had been well instructed what answer he was to make, -replied in a great rage, 'Herald, contrary to the will of my lord the -king and of us, thy lord of Burgundy has already destroyed several -parts of the kingdom, and, by his persevering in his conduct, he -plainly shews that he is not our wellwisher as he signs himself. If -he be anxious that my lord and ourself should consider him as our -relative, loyal vassal and subject, let him march to combat and conquer -the king of England, the ancient enemy of this realm, and then return -to the king, when he shall be well received. Let him no longer say that -my lord the king and ourself are kept in servitude at Paris, for we -both of us enjoy our full liberty and authority; and do thou be careful -that thou repeat what we have just said, aloud to the duke of Burgundy, -and in the presence of his army.' - -After this speech, the herald returned to his lord, and repeated to him -what the dauphin had said, which made no great impression on the duke, -for he considered it as the speech of those who governed the king. - -When the duke perceived that he could not gain admittance to Paris, -and that his partisans in that city were unable to perform what they -had promised him, he decamped from Mont-Chastillon, with his whole -army, to lay siege to Montlehery. The inhabitants, knowing the power -of the duke, and thinking they should not be supported, entered into -a treaty to surrender the castle, if within eight days they were not -succoured by the king or the constable. They sent information of this -treaty to the constable, but it was of no avail, for no succours were -sent,--and they delivered up the castle conformably to their agreement. - -In like manner were reduced to the obedience of the duke of Burgundy -the castles of Marcoussy, Dourdan, Palaiseau, and some other forts in -the neighbourhood. During the siege of Montlehery, the duke detached a -part of his army to the castle of Doursay, who lodged themselves in the -town, in front of the castle, and there pointed some cannons to batter -the walls and conquer it; but a large body of the constable's men -attacked their quarters at break of day, and slew the greater part of -them. Those who escaped fled to the quarters of the duke of Burgundy, -crying, 'To arms! for that the enemy were marching in great force -against them.' - -The duke instantly drew up his army in battle-array on the plain, as -if the enemy had been in sight. The leaders of the detachment sent to -Doursay were the lord de Salines, the lord de Toulongeon, and some -other captains from Burgundy; and at this surprise were made prisoners -sir Geoffroy de Villers, a knight from the Rethelois, with fifty other -gentlemen. - -While this was going forward, the duke dispatched sir Elyon de -Jacqueville John de Guigny, John du Clau, and other captains, with -sixteen hundred combatants to Chartres,--which place with Estampes, -Gallardon, and other towns and forts, surrendered to the duke of -Burgundy. Jacqueville remained governor of Chartres. In like manner, -sir Philip de Fosseux and Robert le Roux were sent to the lady de la -Riviere at Auniau, who promised that she would not admit any garrisons -into her forts of Auniau and Rochefort, that would carry on war against -the duke of Burgundy or his wellwishers. - -At this time, numbers of towns, castles, and noble men joined the duke, -in the expectation that he would succeed in his enterprise and obtain -the government of the kingdom. In the towns which submitted to his -obedience, he would not allow any taxes to be raised excepting that -on salt, which gained him great popularity among the inhabitants and -peasantry of the countries round. He also sent letters to many of the -principal towns in France, of the following tenour. - -'John duke of Burgundy, count of Flanders and Artois, palatine of -Burgundy, lord of Salines and Mechlin. Very dear and good friends, -you have known, from melancholy experience, the miserable system of -government which is adopted in this kingdom, as well with regard to -the king as the country, by those who have seized the management of -our lord the king, without respect or care for his royal majesty; but, -forgetful of every thing, they have impoverished his estate, and his -own personal wealth, which formerly acquired for him great renown -among Christian princes. His government was, anciently, celebrated -for the equity of the courts of justice, which was administered -indiscriminately to the poor as well as to the rich; but the present -ministers have so greatly neglected it that it has fallen off, and -is now directed according to their pleasure, while all parts of his -majesty's dominions are in a state of anarchy, and a prey to the bitter -enemies of the kingdom, by the destruction of the nobles and other -supporters of the dignity of the crown. - -'Heavy taxes, under various pretences, have been and are raised, to -the great vexation and ruin of the nobility, clergy, citizens and -commonalty, who groan under them. - -'To obviate and reform these and similar abuses, we have taken up -arms, as it is well known to you; for we have frequently and publicly -summoned these ministers to desist from such practises declaring that -otherwise we should ourselves provide a remedy, for the benefit of -our said lord the king, so that an adequate provision might be made -for his establishment, his kingdom be better governed, and the lost -territories recovered. - -'And again, while we were lately before Paris, we sent our herald to -our said lord the king, with sealed letters, in which we repeated the -grounds of our conduct, supplicating him that we might be permitted to -approach his sacred person, and make offer of our personal services -to him as to our sovereign lord; but the present ministry would not -allow these letters to be given to our said lord, and sent them back -to us. They forbade our herald to return again, and continue their -usual mode of government to the destruction of the realm and of all -his majesty's loyal subjects, because they know that we are averse to -their measures which are daily becoming from bad to worse. It is this -which engages us to persevere in our resistance whatever may be the -consequences thereof, that they may no longer continue their wicked -practices, and that commerce may have free course, and the kingdom -may be governed according to justice. Such is our firm intention that -we may loyally acquit ourselves; for it has been pronounced by the -holy court of Rome, that it behoves us to attend to the government of -the kingdom, considering the unfortunate state of the king and the -youth of the dauphin, rather than the count d'Armagnac, or those who -style themselves council to the king. In confirmation of this, we have -annexed to these presents the decree that was pronounced by the holy -college in the presence of a very learned doctor, our ambassador to the -court of Rome. - -'We therefore summon you in the name of our said lord, and earnestly -request you on our part, that you take the above subjects into your -serious consideration, and form such conclusions as may be honourable -to our aforesaid lord, and to the preservation of his lineage and -dominions; and that all his subjects may enjoy peace and justice, and -that these our intentions may be adopted by you, is the earnest object -of our wishes. - -'We request, that on the 20th day of October next ensuing, you would -depute to us not less than two well-instructed persons, at whatever -place we may be, with whom we may advise with sufficient powers to form -any treaties in your names, and in those of the prelates, chapters, and -all dependances on your jurisdiction. - -'Be careful that herein you fail not, from the love you bear our -aforesaid lord, ourselves and his realm. Should you desire any thing -from us, you have but to mention it and we will do it to the utmost of -our power. Written at Montlehery, the 8th day of October.' - -Underneath is a copy of the schedule from the college of cardinals, -annexed to the duke of Burgundy's mandatory letter. - -'I Lievin Nevelin, doctor en decret, ambassador from the sacred college -of cardinals, to the most mighty and puissant prince my lord the duke -of Burgundy, have presented to him, on the part of the sacred college, -letters sealed with three seals, namely, that of the dean of the -cardinal-bishops, of the dean of the cardinal-priests, and of the dean -of the cardinal-deacons, which are my credential letters, and which I -have explained to my lord the duke, by offering to him from the sacred -college the words of the holy prophet David, 'Domine refugium factus -es nobis;' that is to say, 'Lord, in times of trouble we seek refuge -in thee.' In continuing my discourse from the above text and for many -reasons comparing the sacred college to king David, I have laid before -my said lord of Burgundy the state of the holy council of Constance, -and the labours of the cardinals to restore union to the church. - -'I afterward explained to him, that all Christendom was now united, -except as it were a single grain in a bushel of wheat, namely, the -dominions of the count d'Armagnac, who still obey Pietro della Luna, -and whose adherents have been declared schismatics and guilty of -heresy. I then explained, that I was sent by the sacred college -as ambassadors to him, not simply as duke of Burgundy, but as the -representative of the crown of France, and to whom the government of -that country legally belonged, to make to him certain requests and -propositions from the sacred college; and I mentioned the reasons why -I was deputed to him, and not to the king, to my lord the dauphin, the -count d'Armagnac, or to the king's ministers. These reasons were, as -the sacred college bade me inform him, because my lord the king was -overwhelmed with a sore disorder, because my lord the dauphin was too -young in years, and because the count d'Armagnac had relapsed into -schism, and some of the king's ministers, adherents to the count, were -suspected of being schismatics also. - -'True it is, that the said count d'Armagnac has not been pronounced -schismatic; but at the public sessions of the council, when Pietro -della Luna was dethroned and declared schismatic and heretic, he was -personally accused by the king of the Romans, and the procureur-fiscal -of the said council, and has since relapsed into schism, -notwithstanding the frivolous excuses made in his behalf by master John -Gerson. - -'I made three requests to my said lord of Burgundy; the first was, that -he would be pleased to have in his protection the sacred college, the -pope, and the proceedings of the said general council, by guarding and -maintaining them in their ancient rights, liberties and privileges. -Secondly, that should any one write, or cause to be written in time to -come, any things against the said holy college or pope, he would not -give faith to such writings. Thirdly, that my said lord would approve -of whatever acts the said sacred college should issue, as well touching -the election of the pope as the reformation of the holy church.' At the -end of this schedule, the said Lieven had put his sign-manual. - - - - -CHAP. LXII. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY LAYS SIEGE TO CORBEIL.--HE MARCHES THENCE TO - CHARTRES AND INTO TOURAINE, ON THE SUMMONS OF THE QUEEN OF FRANCE, WHO - ACCOMPANIES HIM ON HIS RETURN. - - -When the duke of Burgundy had submitted to his obedience the castle of -Montlehery, and re-furnished it with provision and stores, he marched -his army to lay siege to Corbeil on the side toward Montlehery. He -planted many cannons and other engines to batter it in vain; for the -constable and the king's ministers had strongly garrisoned the place -with men at arms, who made a vigorous defence against the duke, and -daily slew his men by their cannon and other shot. The garrison was -continually supplied, as well by land as by water, with provision, -ammunition, and all other necessary articles. - -In short, after the duke had remained about three weeks before Corbeil, -seeing he was unable to conquer it, and that his army was much -harrassed by the continued rains, and by an epidemic disorder which -carried off many, he raised the siege, and departed from before Corbeil -on the 28th day of October, taking the road to Chartres. - -The duke left behind, in his camp, many warlike engines, and great -quantities of provision which merchants had brought to his army: all of -these things the besieged carried into their town, on the departure of -the duke, and were highly rejoiced that their enemies had left them. - -During the siege of Corbeil, sir Mauroy de St Legier was struck with a -bolt from a cross-bow so severely on the leg that he was maimed, and -limped all his life after. - -The real cause of the duke of Burgundy's breaking up the siege of -Corbeil so suddenly, was a private message which he received by a -confidential servant from the queen of France, then resident at Tours -in Touraine, to request he would come and release her from her state -of confinement, as she thought herself in much danger. The duke, in -consequence, had sent one of his secretaries called John de Drosay to -make further inquiries, and to conclude a treaty with the queen. - -The queen promised to accompany the duke provided he would come to -fetch her; and, for a confirmation thereof she gave the secretary a -golden signet to present to his lord. This signet was known by the -duke, for he had often seen it; and on his arrival at Chartres, on the -eve of the feast of All-saints, attended by the greater part of his -nobles, and those of the men at arms best mounted and equipped, he -suddenly set off, taking the road through Bonneval and Vendôme to Tours. - -When he was within two leagues of that place, he sent forward the lords -de Fosseux and du Vergy with eight hundred combatants, who posted -themselves in ambuscade half a league distant from Tours; at the same -time dispatching a trusty messenger to inform the queen of the duke's -arrival. - -On hearing this, she called to her master John Torel, master John Petit -and master Laurens du Puy, her principal wardens, and told them she -wished to hear mass at a church without the town, called Marmoutier, -and that they must prepare themselves to accompany her. They exhorted -her to lay such thoughts aside, but in vain, for she shortly after -issued out of Tours, and carried them with her to the aforesaid church. - -The lords in ambuscade almost instantly advanced in front of the -church, and sent Hector de Saveuses forward to the queen with about -sixty combatants. Her warders approached her as she was hearing mass, -and said, 'Lady, here is a large company of Burgundians or English'; -but she, like one unsuspicious of what was intended, ordered them to -keep near her. - -Hector de Saveuses then entered the church, and saluted her in the -name of his lord the duke of Burgundy. She, in reply, asked where he -was,--when he said that he would instantly be with her. After these -words, she commanded Hector to lay hands on masters John Torel, Petit -and Laurens du Puy: the last she hated much, for he addressed her very -rudely, without raising his hand to his hood, and never bowing to -her,--beside, she could not any way act without the consent of Laurens -du Puy. Finding he could not escape being arrested if he remained, he -flew out of the church and entered a small boat by the back-yard, to -cross the river Loire, but in such haste that he fell into the water -and was drowned: the others were taken prisoners. - -All this passed about nine o'clock in the morning: at eleven the duke -of Burgundy waited on the queen and paid her the respect that was her -due, which she returned and said, 'Most dear cousin, of all men in the -kingdom I ought to love you the most, for having laid aside every other -thing and complying with my request to come hither and deliver me from -prison, and which my dear cousin I shall never forget; for I clearly -see that you have always loved my lord, his family, his kingdom, and -the public welfare.' - -They afterward dined together with much cheerfulness in the said -church; after which, the queen sent notice to the inhabitants of Tours, -that she and her cousin the duke of Burgundy would make a public entry -into their town; but, by the advice of the governor, the inhabitants -delayed a little in their answer: however, at last they complied with -what had been demanded, when the governor retired into the castle, and -the queen and the duke, with their attendants and escort, made their -entry. - -The duke was handsomely received and entertained in Tours; after which, -the queen sent a passport and orders for the governor to come to her, -whom she commanded to deliver up the castle, which he did, though much -against his will. When the duke had tarried three days with the queen, -he appointed Charles l'Abbé? governor of the town and castle, with -two hundred combatants for its defence. He took an oath carefully to -guard and defend it in the name and on behalf of the duke of Burgundy; -but this oath he was very unmindful of, for in the following year he -surrendered both town and castle to the dauphin, while he was continued -governor, taking a similar oath. - -The queen and the duke of Burgundy caused proclamation to be made -through Tours, that no one was to pay any subsidies or taxes but that -on salt. They then departed for Vendôme, where was issued a similar -proclamation, and then continued their route through Bonneval to -Chartres, where they arrived the 9th day of November. The queen was -accompanied by four carriages containing twenty women. She had only one -knight with her, called sir Robert le Cyne, with whose prudence and -discretion she was well pleased. - - - - -CHAP. LXIII. - - THE QUEEN, ON HER ARRIVAL AT CHARTRES, WRITES TO SEVERAL OF THE - PRINCIPAL TOWNS IN FRANCE.--SOME NEW ORDINANCES ARE MADE FOR THE - BETTER GOVERNMENT OF THE KINGDOM. - - -On the queen's arrival at Chartres, it was resolved that she should -write letters in her own name to all those towns that had submitted to -the obedience of the duke of Burgundy. A copy of that addressed to the -town of Amiens now follows. - -'Very dear and well beloved,--you know that by the intrigues and -damnable avarice and ambition of some persons of low degree, who have -seized the person and government of my lord and his kingdom, unnumbered -mischiefs have arisen, as well by the molestation of those of his royal -family as by the destruction and loss of many parts of his realm, more -particularly in the duchies of Acquitaine and Normandy, where the -utmost confusion reigns, without these the present ministers any way -attempting to check or prevent it,--but, on the contrary, they have -conceived a mortal hatred against all that are gallant and loyal, by -confiscating their fortunes, or putting them to death. - -'They continue in their wickedness, though they know we are anxious to -labour for the reparation of all these evils, and to procure peace to -the realm; for, through the grace of God, we are competent so to do, as -queen and wife to our aforesaid lord, according to the terms that had -been begun on by our son and our cousin of Hainault, those souls may -God receive! But they, knowing our intentions, took care to keep us at -a distance, that their iniquities might be hidden, and that they might -keep possession of their places. - -'By such means do they daily apply to their own profit the whole amount -of the revenue, without any part being allotted for the use of my said -lord, or for the security and welfare of his kingdom. They have, under -false pretences and most disloyally, robbed my said lord, ourself and -our son the dauphin, so that we have not wherewithal to maintain our -establishments, or to defray our expenses; insomuch that they have -acquired so great power that all must obey their wills, and it is very -probable that the government of my lord and his realm may fall into the -hands of strangers, which God forbid! - -'When our very dear and well beloved cousin the duke of Burgundy shall -have put an end to such shameful abuses he offers peace to all who -may be inclined to accept of it, by his letters patent that have been -published in various parts of the realm; but those persons above -mentioned having refused to accept his terms, our cousin has taken up -arms, in company with a large number of knights and esquires, with -the intent to drive the above traitors from the government of this -kingdom. They, however, to resist the said duke, and prevent him from -approaching the person of our said lord, have remanded to Paris all the -men at arms from their different garrisons, thereby leaving the kingdom -a prey to its ancient enemies the English. - -'This conduct clearly shows their wicked intentions; but the greater -part of the nobility, prelacy, and the chief towns have united -themselves to our said cousin, sensible of the loyalty of his conduct, -for the good of our said lord and the welfare of his realm. All who are -any way related to us by blood should be warmly attached to our said -cousin, for it concerns them much; and they should know, that quitting -his siege of Corbeil, he came to set us at liberty, and deliver us from -the hands of our late gaolers. - -'We have accompanied our said cousin to the town of Chartres, as was -reasonable, where we shall advise together on the most effectual means -of regaining those parts of the kingdom that have been conquered, and -for the preservation of the remainder, without any further dissembling, -by the aid and support of all the vassals, friends, allies and subjects -of my aforesaid lord. - -'For this reason, therefore, very dear and good friends, we ought to -have the government of this kingdom, with the advice and assistance -of the princes of the blood, and for which we have the authority of -letters patent irrevocably passed by the great council, and in the -presence of the princes of the blood, such as uncles, cousins-german, -and others related to the crown. We have also full and competent -knowledge of your good and loyal intentions regarding the dominions of -our said lord, and even that you are willing, in conjunction with our -said cousin, to use your utmost endeavours, even to the shedding your -last drop of blood, for the obtaining so necessary and desirable an -object. - -'We summon and require you, in the name of my aforesaid lord, and -expressly command you from ourselves, that you remain steady to the -orders of our said cousin, notwithstanding any letters or commands -you may receive to the contrary in the name of my aforesaid lord, -or in that of my son the dauphin; and also, that you do not suffer -henceforward any sums of money to be transmitted to the present rulers -of the realm under any pretext whatever, on pain of disobedience and -disloyalty to my said lord, and of incurring the crime of rebellion -toward him and toward us. In so doing, you will perform your duty, and -we will aid succour and support you against all who shall attempt to -injure or hurt you for your conduct on this occasion. - -'Very dear and well beloved, we recommend you to the care of the Holy -Spirit. Given at Chartres, the 12th day of November.' - -It was afterward determined in the council of the queen and the duke -of Burgundy, that master Philip de Morvillers should go to the town -of Amiens, accompanied by some notable clerks of the said council, -with a sworn secretary, and should there hold, under the queen, a -sovereign court of justice, instead of the one at Paris, to avoid -being forced to apply to the king's chancery to obtain summonses, or -for any other cases that might arise in the bailiwicks of Amiens, -Vermandois, Tournay, and within the seneschalships of Ponthieu, with -the dependancies thereto attached. A seal was given to master Philip de -Morvillers, having graven upon it the figure of the queen erect, with -her hands extended towards the ground: on the right side were the arms -of France on a shield, and on the left a similar shield, with the arms -of France and Bavaria. The inscription around it was,--'This is the -seal for suits-at-law, and for sovereign appeals to the king.' - -It was ordered that the seals should be imprinted on vermilion-coloured -wax; and that all letters and summonses should be written in the -queen's name, and in the following terms: - -'Isabella, by the grace of God, queen of France, having the government -of this realm intrusted to her, during the king's illness, by an -irrevocable grant made to us by our said lord and his council.' - -By authority of this ordinance and seal, the said master Philip de -Morvillers collected large sums of money. In like manner, another -chancellor was appointed for the countries on the other side of the -Seine, under the obedience of the queen and the duke of Burgundy. - - - - -CHAP. LXIV. - - SIR ELYON DE JACQUEVILLE IS DRAGGED OUT OF THE CHURCH OF OUR LADY IN - CHARTRES BY HECTOR DE SAVEUSES AND HIS ACCOMPLICES, WHO PUT HIM TO - DEATH. - - -At the time when the duke of Burgundy resided in Chartres at his hôtel -behind the church of our Lady, so serious a quarrel arose between -sir Elyon de Jacqueville, knight, and Hector de Saveuses, that high -words passed between them in the presence of the duke. Within a few -days after, Hector collected from twelve to sixteen of his friends, -determined men; and in this number were his cousin-german the lord -de Crevecoeur, his brother le bon de Saveuses, Hue de Bours, and an -arrogant fellow called John de Vaulx, on whose account this quarrel had -arisen between them,--for, a short time before, Jacqueville had robbed -this de Vaulx, who was related to Hector. These, with some others to -the number before stated, one day, with a premeditated design, entered -the church of our Lady, and met Jacqueville returning from the hôtel -of the duke of Burgundy: Hector and his friend instantly addressed -him, saying, 'Jacqueville, thou hast formerly injured and angered me, -for which thou shalt be punished,' when, at the moment, he was seized -by him and his accomplices, and dragged out of the church, and most -inhumanly hacked to pieces; during which he most pitifully cried to -Hector for mercy, and offered a large sum of money for his life, but -all in vain, for they never left him until they thought he was dead. - -They quitted the town of Chartres without delay, and went to a village -two leagues off, where Hector's men were quartered. After their -departure, Jacqueville caused himself to be carried in the melancholy -state he was in to the duke of Burgundy, and made bitter complaints of -the cruel usage he had met with; adding, that it was in consequence of -the loyalty and truth with which he had served him. - -The duke, on seeing him thus, was greatly affected, insomuch that -he immediately armed himself, and, mounting his horse, rode through -the streets with few attendants, thinking to find Hector and his -accomplices, but he was soon informed that they had left the town. Many -of the nobles now waited on the duke, and appeased his anger as well as -they could, such as sir John de Luxembourg, the lord de Fosseux, the -marshal of Burgundy and several more. However, he ordered the baggage -and horses of Hector to be seized, and then returned to his hôtel, -whence he sent the most expert physicians to visit Jacqueville; but -they were of no avail, for within three days he died. - -Numbers were convinced, that could the duke have laid hands on Hector -and his accomplices, he would have had them put to an ignominious -death, for he declared he would never, during his life pardon them: -nevertheless, within a few days, Hector, somehow or other, made up his -quarrel with the duke, who consented to it on account of the important -affairs he had now on his hands. - - - - -CHAP. LXV. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY MARCHES HIS WHOLE ARMY TO PARIS TO FORCE AN - ENTRANCE.--HE THEN CARRIES THE QUEEN OF FRANCE TO TROYES,--AND OTHER - EVENTS. - - -When these matters had been concluded, the duke of Burgundy marched -his army from Chartres, through Montlehery, toward Paris, with the -intention of forcing an entrance into that city by means of some of -the Parisians his partisans. To succeed in his plans, he sent forward -Hector de Saveuses, with his brother Philip, the lord de Sores, Louis -de Varigines and several other captains, with six thousand combatants -to the porte de Louvel de Chastillon[53], near to the suburbs of Saint -Marceau; but, a little before their arrival, their coming was betrayed -by a skinner of Paris to the constable, who instantly reinforced that -part of the town with a large body of his troops; so that when Hector -and his men approached the gate, to enter therein, he was sharply -repulsed, and himself wounded on the head by a bolt from a cross-bow. -Finding he had failed, from his intentions having been discovered, he -retreated within the suburbs of St Marceau to wait the coming of his -lord the duke of Burgundy. - -The constable did not suffer them to remain quiet, but, making a -sally with three or four hundred of his men, vigorously attacked the -Burgundians, killing some and taking others. The Burgundians rallied, -and renewed the combat so courageously that they forced the enemy to -fall back within the town, and rescued some of the prisoners they had -made. - -In this affair, John, eldest son to the lord de Flavy, behaved -remarkably well: he was the banner-bearer to Hector de Saveuses, and -advanced it to the very gates of Paris, for which he was greatly -praised by the duke when it came to his knowledge. - -Several of the partisans of the duke were, at this moment, beheaded in -Paris, while he remained in battle-array half a league distant, waiting -for intelligence from those whom he had sent in advance. When he learnt -that his attempt had been discovered, he remanded his men from St -Marceau, and marched his army back to Montlehery, attended always by -the young count de St Pol his nephew. - -At Montlehery, he disbanded all his Picards, namely, sir John -de Luxembourg, the lord de Fosseux, and the other captains -before-mentioned, ordering them to the different towns on the frontier, -until the winter should be passed. To sir John de Luxembourg was given -in charge the town of Mondidier and the adjacent country: Hector and -Philip de Saveuses were posted with their men in Beauvais; the bastard -de Thian was appointed governor of Senlis; the lord de l'Isle-Adam -had in charge Pontoise and Meulan; the lord de Cohen and several -more returned to their own habitations in Picardy and the adjoining -countries. - -The duke of Burgundy went from Montlehery to Chartres, where, having -ordered governors for that and the neighbouring places, he departed -with the queen of France and his Burgundians for Troyes and Champagne, -taking the road toward Joigny, whither he was pursued by the count -d'Armagnac, constable of France. - -The constable followed the duke for a long way with the intention -of combating him, should he find a favourable opportunity; and in -fact, when the queen and the duke were lodged in Joigny, some of his -captains, with about three hundred combatants, made an attack on the -quarters of the lord du Vergy and the Burgundians, which much alarmed -and dispersed them. - -The whole of the duke's army were in motion, and soon drawn up in -battle array on the plain; and a detachment was ordered to pursue the -enemy, who drove them as far as the head-quarters of the constable, -about a league distant from Joigny. The lord de Château-vilain was one -of the principal commanders of this detachment, and pursued the enemy -the farthest. On their return, a sufficient guard of men at arms was -appointed at Joigny, where, having remained five days, they continued -their march to Troyes, and were magnificently and honourably received -by the inhabitants and magistrates of that town. - -The queen was lodged in the palace of the king her lord, and she -received all the taxes and subsidies due to the crown by the town of -Troyes, and from all other places under the obedience of the duke of -Burgundy. By the advice of the duke, the duke of Lorraine was sent for -to Troyes; on his arrival, the queen appointed him constable of France; -and a sword was presented to him, on his taking the usual oaths, thus -displacing the count d'Armagnac from that office. - -The duke of Burgundy now dismissed the greater part of the burgundian -lords, and remained in Troyes almost all the winter. He nominated John -d'Aubigny, John du Clau and Clavin his brother, commanders on the -frontiers of Champagne with a large force of men at arms, who carried -on a vigorous war on the party of the constable. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[Footnote 53: See for this in Sauval's 'Antiquitès de Paris.'] - - - - -CHAP. LXVI. - - JOHN OF BAVARIA MAKES WAR ON THE DUCHESS HIS NIECE IN HOLLAND.--THE - CONQUESTS OF HENRY KING OF ENGLAND IN NORMANDY. - - -During these tribulations, John of Bavaria was carrying on a severe -warfare against his niece the duchess Jacquelina, and his men had -conquered the town of Gorcum, with the exception of some towers that -held out for the duchess. So soon as she heard of this, she assembled -a considerable body of men at arms, and accompanied by the countess of -Hainault her mother, carried them by sea to the town of Gorcum, as it -is situated on the coast. - -By the assistance of her garrisons, she gained admittance into these -towers, and shortly after gave battle to the troops of John of Bavaria -with such success that they were totally routed, and from five to six -hundred were slain or made prisoners: among the last, the principal was -the damoiseau Derke. The only one of note that was killed on the side -of the duchess was Videran de Brederode, a man well skilled in war, -and commander in chief of her forces, whose loss gave her great pain. -She caused several of her prisoners to be beheaded for their disloyal -conduct towards her. - -After this event, Philip count de Charolois, eldest son to the duke of -Burgundy, was sent to Holland to appease this quarrel. He took much -pains with both of the parties, his uncle and cousin-german; but as he -found he could not succeed to establish peace between them, he returned -to Flanders. - -At this time, the king of England had a large army in Normandy, and -conquered many towns and castles: indeed, there were few that made -any resistance,--for the several garrisons had been ordered by the -constable to Paris, and to the adjacent parts, to oppose the duke of -Burgundy, as has been before stated. - -King Henry came before the town of Caen, which was very strong and -populous, and made many attacks on it, but with the loss of numbers of -his men. At length, by continued assaults, he took it by storm, and -slew six hundred of the besieged. The castle held out for about three -weeks,--in which were the lord de la Fayette, the lord de Montenay, and -sir John Bigot, who surrendered it on condition that the king would -promise that they should march out with their baggage and persons in -security. - -After this conquest, the king of England caused the strong town -and castle of Cherbourg to be besieged by his brother the duke of -Gloucester; it was the strongest place in all Normandy, and the best -supplied with stores and provision. This siege lasted for ten weeks, -when sir John d'Engennes, the governor, surrendered on condition -of receiving a certain sum of money for so doing, and a sufficient -passport for him to go whithersoever he pleased. - -He went thence to the city of Rouen after it had been taken by the -English, and, on the faith of some english lords that his passport -should be renewed, remained there until the term was expired; but in -the end he was deceived, and king Henry caused him to be beheaded,--at -which the French greatly rejoiced, as he had surrendered Cherbourg, to -the prejudice of the king of France, through avarice. - - - - -CHAP. LXVII. - - SIR JAMES DE HARCOURT ESPOUSES THE DAUGHTER OF THE COUNT DE - TANCARVILLE.--THE DEFEAT OF HECTOR DE SAVEUSES.--THE CONSTABLE LAYS - SIEGE TO SENLIS. - - -About this period, sir James de Harcourt espoused the heiress of the -count de Tancarville, with whom he had possession of all the count's -estates; and he placed garrisons in the whole of his towns and forts, -to defend them against the English. - -At this time also, Philip de Saveuses being in garrison with his -brother Hector in Beauvais, set out one day with about six score -combatants, to make an inroad on the country of Clermont, as he had -frequently done before. On his return, he passed by a castle called -Brelle, in which were assembled a body of men at arms belonging to the -constable, who suddenly made a sally with displayed banners on Philip -and his men. The latter were overpowered by numbers, and put to the -rout, nor was it in the power of their captain to rally them, so that -they were pursued almost to Beauvais, and some killed, and the greater -part made prisoners. Philip de Saveuses, grieved at heart for this -misfortune, re-entered that town. - -Within a few days after, having recovered some of his men, he went to -Gournay in Normandy, whereof he had been appointed governor, with the -consent of the inhabitants. Hector de Saveuses had some dissentions -with the inhabitants of Beauvais, and was forced to quit the town -shortly after the departure of his brother. - -On the following Candlemas, king Charles, attended by the count -d'Armagnac his constable, and a considerable number of men at arms set -out from Paris for Creil, where he staid many days. As his men were -passing near to Senlis, which was garrisoned by the duke of Burgundy, -they were attacked, and several killed and made prisoners, to the great -vexation of the constable. - -The constable, a few days after this, by the king's orders, laid siege -to Senlis, and had several large engines of war pointed against the -walls, which greatly harrassed the inhabitants. They therefore sent -messengers to sir John de Luxembourg and to the lord de Hangest, -requiring them, in behalf of the duke of Burgundy, to send aid to -Senlis. These lords having consulted the count de Charolois and his -council, assembled a large force, and marched to Pontoise, and thence -toward Senlis, with the intent to raise the siege; but they received -intelligence that their enemies were too numerous, and they could only -detach one hundred men, whom they sent into the town by a gate that had -not been guarded by the constable, with orders to tell the besieged -to be of good cheer, for that they should, without fail, be speedily -succoured. - -Sir John de Luxembourg and the the lord de Hangest returned, with -their men at arms, through Pontoise and Beauvais to Picardy, without -attempting any thing further at this time. On the other hand, sir -Tanneguy du Châtel, provost of Paris, took the town of Chevreuse, and -was laying siege to the castle, when he was hastily ordered to leave -it, and join the king and the constable at the siege of Senlis; on -which account he left a part of his men at Chevreuse, and obeyed the -orders he had received. - - - - -CHAP. LXVIII. - - THE KING OF FRANCE SENDS AMBASSADORS TO MONTEREAU-FAUT-YONNE TO TREAT - OF A PEACE WITH THE QUEEN AND THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY.--THE INHABITANTS - OF ROUEN TURN TO THE BURGUNDY FACTION. - - -Shortly after, king Charles and his constable sent as their ambassadors -to Montereau-faut-Yonne, the archbishop of Rheims, the bishops of Paris -and of Clermont in Auvergne, John de Harcourt count d'Aumale, sir -Mansart d'Esne and sir Regnault de Merquoiques knights, master Guerard -Marchet, the Judge Maye, John de Lolive, with others, to the number of -sixteen, able persons, to treat of a peace between them and the queen -and the duke of Burgundy. - -On the part of the queen and the duke, the following ambassadors -were sent to Bray-sur-Seine, the archbishop of Sens brother to sir -Charles de Savoisy, the bishops of Langres and of Arras, sir John de -la Trimouille lord de Jonvelle, the lord de Courcelles, sir James de -Courtjambe, Coppen de Viefville, master Peter Cauchon, since bishop of -Beauvais, John le Clerc, since chancellor of France, Gilles de Clamecy, -master Thierry le Roi, John le Mercier, James Beaulard and master -Baudet de Bordes. These ambassadors had passports given them from each -party; and on their arrival at Montereau and Bray, they fixed upon the -village of la Tombe, which was half way between these two towns, as -the place to hold their conferences in. To this place the lord de la -Trimouille was ordered with a body of men at arms for the security of -their persons. - -This conference lasted for about two months,--during which the -ambassadors of both sides frequently had recourse to their lords -personally, or by writing, in hopes of bringing the business to a happy -conclusion. - -At the same time, union was restored to the universal church; for after -the consecration of pope Martin he released pope John from prison, who -threw himself on the mercy of the reigning pontiff. He was very kindly -received by him, and even created a cardinal,--but he died within a few -days afterward. - -About this period also, the inhabitants of Rouen, who were very -favourable to the duke of Burgundy, sent secretly for some of the -captains of his party, whom, with a body of men at arms, they admitted -into their town; namely, sir Guy le Bouteiller, Lagnon bastard d'Arly; -and instantly joining them, they made a sharp attack on the castle, -which the king's men held out against the town, and continued it so -long that the garrison surrendered on condition that they might retreat -with safety. Sir Guy le Bouteiller was nominated governor. Lagnon -d'Arly behaved so gallantly at this attack, that he acquired great -renown, and the good will of all the inhabitants of Rouen. The king -of France and his ministers were very much displeased at this event; -but, to say the truth, the greater part of France was torn to pieces by -intestine wars and divisions: the churches and poor people were ruined, -and justice was no where obeyed. - - - - -[A.D. 1418.] - -CHAP. LXIX. - - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY VISITS THE EMPEROR SIGISMUND.--THE COUNT DE - CHAROLOIS TAKES THE OATHS OF ALLEGIANCE TO THE QUEEN AND HIS FATHER - THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY.--THE SIEGE OF SENLIS IS RAISED BY THE PICARDS. - - -At the beginning of this year, John duke of Burgundy arranged the -establishment of the queen of France in Troyes; and having ordered -some of his captains, such as Charlot de Dueilly, John du Clau, John -d'Aubigny, and others, with two thousand men at arms, to march to -Senlis, and combat the army of the king and the constable, he took -leave of the queen, and set out from Troyes to Dijon to visit his -duchess and daughters. - -Having resided there some time, he departed for Montmeliart, to meet -Sigismund emperor of Germany, with whom he had a conference. This -being finished, they separated with many tokens of respect for each -other, and the duke returned to Burgundy. - -During this time, Philip count de Charolois came to Arras; and by -commands from the queen and his father, he convoked all the barons, -knights, esquires and clergy of Picardy and other parts under his -obedience, to meet him on a certain day in Arras. On their being -assembled, they were required by master Philip de Morvillers to swear -allegiance to the queen and the duke of Burgundy against all persons -whatever, excepting the king of France: which oath they all took, -namely, sir John de Luxembourg, sir James de Harcourt, the vidame of -Amiens, the lords d'Antoing and de Fosseux, the lord d'Auxois, sir -Emond de Lombers, and many more, who declared they would serve him with -their lives and fortunes so long as they should breathe. - -Those who had been deputed from the principal towns were required to -raise a certain sum of money from their constituents. The meeting was -then adjourned to Amiens where they were desired to assemble,--for -within a few days the count de Charolois would go thither, to consult -on further measures for the relief of Senlis. The different commanders -were ordered to raise as many men at arms and archers as they possibly -could by that day. - -The count de Charolois was at Amiens on the appointed time, whither -also came the aforesaid lords, and a number of deputies from the great -towns. There were likewise some from Rouen, who had been sent to -request advice and support from the count as the representative of the -duke of Burgundy, adding, that they were daily expecting to be besieged -by king Henry's army; that they had often been under the obedience of -the duke, in preference to the king, the dauphin, the constable, and -all others; and that should they fail of having succours from him, in -whom was their only hope, they could not expect them from any other -person. - -The count by advice of his council, replied by requesting them to -nourish such good intentions,--and that within a short time they should -have, with God's pleasure, effectual aid. Letters, addressed to the -magistrates and principal citizens in Rouen, were also given them, with -which they returned. - -When this matter had been settled, the count de Charolois directed -master Philip de Morvillers to declare to the assembly of nobles and -others from the towns, who were collected in the great hall of the -bishop's palace, that it would be necessary and expedient for each of -the towns to make a free gift in money, and for the clergy to pay half -a tenth, for the carrying on the war. - -This business, however, could not be hastily concluded; and in the -mean time messengers arrived from those in Senlis, who brought letters -to the count, to say that if they were not succoured on or before the -19th of April, they must surrender the place to the king and constable -having given hostages to that effect. - -The count and his council, on receiving this news, determined to -provide a remedy; and he was very desirous of marching thither -himself, but his council would not consent to it: he therefore ordered, -as principal commanders of the reinforcement, sir John de Luxembourg -and the lord de Fosseux, having under them the whole of the forces in -Picardy and on the frontiers. - -These commanders, having collected their men, marched off in haste, -and arrived at Pontoise on the 17th of April, when they resolved to -proceed during the night of the morrow for Senlis. Their army might -amount to about eight thousand combatants, who gallantly took the field -at the appointed time. A body of light troops were ordered to advance -to different places on the road, toward Senlis, to gain intelligence of -the enemy. - -With sir John de Luxembourg and the lord de Fosseux were le veau de Bar -bailiff of Auxois, the lord de l'Isle-Adam, sir Emond de Bonberch, the -lord d'Auxois, Hector and Philip de Saveuses, Ferry de Mailly, Louis -de Varigines, sir Philip de Fosseux, James and John de Fosseux, the -lord de Cohen, sir Janet de Poix, the lord de Longueval, the lord de -Miraumont, and in general all the nobles and gentlemen of Picardy, who -made a handsome appearance with vanguard, rearguard and main battalion, -and thus marched to within a league of Senlis. - -The lord d'Armagnac, constable of France, was closely besieging the -town of Senlis, when he received intelligence from his scouts that -the nobles of Picardy were approaching with a large army to to offer -him battle: in consequence he commanded his men to arm without delay, -and advance in battle-array to the plain, that he might avoid being -attacked in his camp. The besieged, observing about day-break great -bustle and confusion in the enemy's camp, with good order and courage -made a sally from the town, set fire to the tents and quarters of the -constable, killed numbers of the sick, and others, whom they found in -the camp, and returned to the town with a large booty in sight of their -enemies. - -The constable, vexed at this, sent them a summons to surrender the town -according to their promise, but on their answering that the time was -not yet expired, he caused the heads of four of the hostages to be cut -off, their bodies to be quartered, and hung on a gibbet. Of these four, -two were gentlemen, namely Guillaume Mauchelier and Boudart de Vingles: -the two others were citizens, named Guillaume Escallot and master John -Beaufort, king's advocate in the town. The remaining two (for there -were six in all), sir John Durant priest and a monk of St Vincent, were -carried prisoners to Paris. - -In revenge, the besieged beheaded sixteen of the constable's men: two -were hanged and two women were drowned. The count d'Armagnac then -marched his army in battle-array to the Pas-de-Larron between Criel and -Gouvieux, to wait for the enemy; and dispatched some of his captains to -seek the king at Criel and make him take the road toward Paris. - -Sir John de Luxembourg and the lord de Fosseux had advanced so rapidly -with their army that they were rather before hand with the king, and -halted at a place called l'Estoing, where the king and his army must -pass. Soon after, the van of the constable made its appearance, and the -light troops of both sides began a sharp skirmish, when many lances -were broken, and men at arms unhorsed, slain or terribly wounded. - -Upon this, the king and the constable sent two heralds to these lords, -to know who they were, and what they wanted. The lord de Luxembourg -made answer, 'I am John of Luxembourg, having with me the lord de -Fosseux and many other noble men, sent hither by the duke of Burgundy -to serve the king, and to succour the good town of Senlis against the -count d'Armagnac, whom, and his abettors alone, we are ready to to -combat, if he be willing to afford us an opportunity, but not against -the king; for we are ready to serve him as his loyal vassals and -subjects.' - -The heralds returned with this answer to the king and the constable, -when the latter said aloud, 'Since neither the duke of Burgundy -nor his son be with their army, we cannot gain much by battle: I -therefore advise that we retreat, for these are soldiers only anxious -for plunder, who have not themselves much to lose.' The constable -had already heard that Charlot de Dueilly and other captains were in -great force toward Dammartin: therefore he made the king and his army -retreat, in order of battle toward Paris, ordering a sufficient number -of his ablest combatants to his rear, to prevent the enemy from giving -them any disturbance. - -Thus, without halting at any place did king Charles and his constable, -the count d'Armagnac, march back to Paris, to the great vexation of -many of the Parisians, who murmured loudly against the constable. - -Sir John de Luxembourg and the lord de Fosseux returned with their -army to Pontoise, very much rejoiced to have accomplished their object -without any considerable loss or inconvenience. It would take up too -much time were I to detail all the skirmishes that took place: suffice -it to say, that very many on both sides behaved gallantly. The lord de -Miraumont commanded the picard archers, and, according to his orders, -kept them in handsome array. When these lords had refreshed themselves -at Pontoise, they all went to their different homes. - -They were very much esteemed for their good conduct and valour in this -expedition by the duke of Burgundy, the count de Charolois, and by -all of that party. The bastard de Thian governor-general in Senlis, -Troullart de Moncruel, sir Mauroy de St Legier, and the other captains -within the town during the siege, had repaired the towers and walls -which had been much damaged by the engines of the constable, and then -kept up a more severe warfare against the king's party than before. - - -END OF VOL. IV. - - - - - H. Bryer, Printer, Bridge-street, - Blackfriars, London. - - - - -NOTES AND EMENDATIONS. - - -Page 1. line 15. _Châtel._] Hervè lord of Châtel, a powerful baron of -Bretagne, was the father of William lord of Châtel who was killed on an -expedition to the English coast, and is mentioned in the first volume, -Oliver (who succeeded him as lord of Châtel), and Tanneguy, chamberlain -to the king and provost of Paris. - -Page 16. last line. _Coqueluche_.] The coqueluche was a contagious -disorder much dreaded in the fifteenth century. Its usual symptoms were -a violent defluxion on the chest, accompanied with severe pains in the -head. - - _Dict. de Trevoux._ - -Page 18. line 12. _De Vertus._] Brother to the duke of -Orleans.--Vertus, from which he took his title, was originally a fief -of Champagne, and fell with that palatinate to the crown of France. -King John gave it to John Galeas, duke of Milan, as the dowry of his -daughter Isabel, wife to that duke. It descended to Valentina, his -daughter, and came with her into the house of Orleans: afterwards, by -the family-partition made in 1445, it passed to Margaret of Orleans, -wife to Richard count of Estampes, and was given to a bastard-branch of -the house of Bretagne. - -Page 20. line 2. _Gaucourt._] John lord of Gaucourt died in 1393, -leaving Raoul V. lord of Gaucourt. Eustace lord of Veri, great falconer -of France, and John lord of Maisons sur Seine. Raoul V. was chamberlain -to the king, and bailiff of Rouen: he was killed in the year 1417, and -left a son, Raoul VI. who became grand master of France, and is much -distinguished hereafter. - -Page 20. line 12. from bottom, _Saveuses_.] Saveuse, an ancient house -in Picardy. - -Page 26. line 6. _Or joining the duke of Burgundy._] There must be some -mistake here in the original. It ought probably to be _against_ instead -of _or_. - -Page 37. line 10. from bottom, _Montagu_.] Alexander, son of Hugh -III. duke of Burgundy, was the first lord of Montagu in 1205. From -him descended the two branches, of Sombernon, extinct in 1391, and -of Conches. Philibert de Montagu, lord of Conches, lived in 1404. He -married into the house of Vienne. - -Page 41. line 14. _Vienne._] William IV. de Vienne, lord of St Georges, -&c. surnamed The Wise, was counsellor and chamberlain both to the -king and duke of Burgundy. He was at the bridge of Montereau when the -duke was killed in 1419, and died in 1434. There were several junior -branches of the house; but I cannot tell which is here meant. - -Page 60. line 6. _Viscount de Poix._] This nobleman was a descendant -of Walter Tyrrel, who killed William Rufus in the New Forest. John -Tyrrel, third of the name, lord of Poix and Mareuil, married Margaret -de Châtillon, daughter to the lord de Dampierre. John IV. his eldest -son, married Jane des Quesnes. He died in 1400, and left one son, -John V. the viscount de Poix here mentioned. He was a counsellor and -chamberlain of the king, and was killed at Agincourt. - -Page 75. line 16. _Burgion._] Probably Frederick of Hohenzollern, -burgrave of Nuremburg, to whom the emperor Sigismund gave the -electorate of Brandenburgh in 1417, and from whom are descended the -present royal family of Prussia. - -Page 75. line 20. _Lorraine._] Charles the bold, duke of Lorraine, -Reginald IV. duke of Gueldres and Juliers. (The duchies were at this -time united.) - -Page 75. line 20. _Tede._] George Demetrow is named as grand duke of -Prussia at this period. The meaning of _Tede_ I cannot discover. - -Page 75. line 12. _Treves._] Theodoric count of Meurs, archbishop of -Cologne 1414. Werner count of Konigstein, archbishop of Treves 1388. - -Page 75. line 24. _Bavaria._] John, brother of duke William count of -Hainault, often mentioned before. - -Page 76. line 7. _Of Prussia._] Michael Kuckenmeister de Hemberg, grand -master of the Teutonic order, 1413. - -Page 76. line 8. _Cleves._] Adolphus VI. count of Marck and Cleves. - -Page 76. line 9. _Acusaire._] Theodore Palæologus was marquis of -Montferrat. Who his son _Acusaire_ can be, it is very difficult to say. - -Page 76. line 10. _Saussebourg._] Saussenburg. - -Page 76. line 14. _Nassau._] The three counts of Nassau were, first, -Adolphus III. count of Nassau, descended from Walram, eldest son of -Henry the rich; 2d, Adolphus count of Nassau Dillemburg, descended -from Otho, youngest son of Henry the rich; 3d, Philip count of Nassau -Weilborg, or Jarbruck, descended from Walram in another line. - -Page 76. line 15. _Rayneck._] Rheineck. - -Page 76. line 17. _Blancquehem._] Blanckenburg? - -Page 76. note, _Vissegarde_.] Q. if not rather Wurtzburg? Pussau is -probably Passau; and the words 'in Hungary' refer only to the last -named place. - -Page 78. line 4. _D'Ercles._] Perhaps Arckel, the name of a noble -family in Holland. Called in Latin Arculeas. See post. - -Page 78. line 10. _Toncle._] Q. Tongres? - -Page 80. line 17. _Torments._] Some say that this murder was committed -at the instigation of the Florentines. See Giannone, lib. 24. c. 8. The -whole story, however, looks like a fabrication; and it is at least much -more natural to suppose that Ladislaus was killed by his debaucheries, -which were excessive. He was succeeded by his sister Joan II. - -Page 85. line 15. _Tonnerre._] Louis II. de Châlon, count of Tonnerre, -nephew of John IV. count of Auxerre and Tonnerre, who sold Auxerre to -king Charles V. - -Page 87. line 3. _Sea-shore._] Peniscola in Valencia. - -Page 96. line 20. _Pois._] Jehannot de Poix, second son of John III. -lord of Poix and Margaret de Châtillon, sister of James lord de -Dampierre. He received the rank of admiral, but never exercised the -office. He died of the plague in 1418. See note, p. 60. - -Page 99. line 11. _Guy._] A mistake for Grey. Richard lord Grey of -Codnover was appointed by patent, 2 H. 4. admiral of the fleet from the -mouth of the Thames northward. - -Page 102. line 4. _Chinon._] Chiny. - -Page 110. line 7. _France._] This ought to be 'De Marle, grand butler -of France.' Robert de Bar, count of Marle, held that office from -the sixth October, 1413, to the time of his death, at the battle of -Agincourt. - -Page 117. line 1. _Prayaux._] Préaux. James de Bourbon, third son of -James I. count of la Marche, lord of Préaux by marriage, and grand -butler of France. His sons were, Louis, killed at Agincourt, Peter, -lord of Préaux in 1417, and James lord of Thury. The two latter married -two daughters of the grand master Montagu. - -Page 118. line 15. _Tynouville._] Q. Tignonville. - -Page 122. line 11. from bottom, _Bar._] Bona de Bar, second wife of -count Waleran, by whom he left no issue. - -Page 123. line 6. _Wife._] Waleran, count of St Pol, married for his -first wife Matilda de Roeux, by whom he had one daughter, Jane, married -to Anthony duke of Brabant. She died before her father, leaving two -sons, John and Philip, who successively possessed the duchy of Brabant -as heirs to their father, and the counties of St Pol and Ligny in right -of their mother. Guy count of Ligny, father of Waleran, was also father -to John count of Brienne, whose son Peter succeeded to the county of -St Pol on the death of Philip duke of Brabant, in 1430, without issue. - -Page 128. line 12. _Bourges._] 'A stoute and prowde bishopp,' says -Grafton, p. 447. - -Page 132. line 11. _Requests._] 'The king was nothing vexed nor -unquieted with the sayeings and prowde bragges of the unnurtured -archbishopp, but well remembering the sayeing of Salomon, &c. &c. -coldely and soberly answered the bishop, saying, 'My lorde, I little -esteem your _french bragges_,' &c.----GRAFTON. - -It is very easy to bestow the terms of pride and insolence on whichever -side of the question it is most convenient. - -Page 142. line 11. _Clarence._] Thomas duke of Clarence. - -Page 142. line 11. _Glocester._] Humphry duke of Glocester. - -Page 142. line 13. _York._] Edward duke of York, son of Edmund Langley, -fifth son of Edward III. - -Page 142. line 13. _Dorset._] Thomas Somerset, earl of Dorset and -afterwards duke of Exeter, youngest son of John of Gaunt by Catherine -Swineford. Holinshed commits two errors,--first, in saying that the -_marquis_ of Dorset was made duke of Exeter, whereas the _marquis_ of -Dorset was a distinct person from the earl, being the _eldest_ son of -John of Gaunt by the same venter, and forfeited his title by treason -in 1 H. 4.,--secondly, in fixing the date of creation in 1 H. 5. -whereas the earl of Dorset was not made duke of Exeter till 4. H. 5. -the year after the battle of Agincourt. - -Page 142. line 14. _Windsor._] There was no earl of Windsor.--This -is probably a mistake for Ralph Nevil, earl of Westmoreland, who -accompanied the king. - -Page 142. line 14. _Suffolk._] Michael de la Pole, earl of Suffolk, -killed at Agincourt. - -Page 142. line 15. _Warwick._] Richard Beauchamp, earl of Warwick, a -distinguished warrior, and afterwards regent of France. - -Page 142. line 15. _Kent._] A mistake for Gilbert de Umphraville, earl -of Kyme. - -Page 143. line 13. _Briautè._] Roger III. lord of La Bréautè, &c. -chamberlain to Charles VI. and VII. The misfortunes of this family -almost equal those of the house of Stuart. Roger, elder brother to -this lord of Bréautè, was killed at Gisors in 1404, when on the eve -of marriage. The present lord was made prisoner in Normandy, and sold -half his estates to ransom himself: of the remainder, he was afterwards -deprived by the chance of war. His eldest son, John, was killed at the -battle of Verneuil in 1424. His second son, also called John, succeeded -his father, was three times taken prisoner, and ruined in the efforts -made to ransom him: he was at last killed at the battle of Montlehery -in 1460. James, the third son, was lord of Bellefosse, killed at Pataye -in 1429. Roger lord of Crouin, the fourth son, was killed in England -in 1460. All the members of this unhappy family were distinguished for -valour. - -Page 143. line 14. _L'Isle-Adam._] Ancel de l'Isle-Adam, lord of -Puysieux, Vegnai, &c. and grand _echanson_ of France, was killed at -Agincourt. - -Page 145. line 18. _Stafford._] Another mistake. Henry, at this time -earl of Stafford, was only twenty years old at the accession of Henry -VI. His father, Edmund Stafford, was killed many years before at the -battle of Shrewsbury. Hugh Stafford, lord Bourchier, accompanied the -king on this expedition, but did not die till five years after. - -Page 172. line 7. _Officers._] The custom was not yet fixed of giving -precedence to the officers of the crown over the nobility, and even -over the princes of the blood; but Monstrelet, who wrote under Louis -XI. when that order was established, adopts it as a matter of course. -See more particularly at the beginning of the next chapter, and -Boulainvilliers on the ancient Parliaments of France. - -Page 177. line 11. _Oxford._] Richard de Vere, earl of Oxford. This -nobleman died the year following, and was succeeded by his son, John -de Vere, then only nine years old. - -Page 177. line 11. _Earl-Marshal._] John lord Mowbray, brother of -Thomas earl of Nottingham, and son of Thomas duke of Norfolk, attainted -and banished in the reign of Richard II. Henry V. restored to him the -title of Nottingham, and Henry VI. that of Norfolk. - -Page 177. line 12. _Kent._] Kyme. - -Page 177. line 13. _Beaumont._] Henry lord Beaumont died 1 H. 5. -leaving only one son, an infant, who did not attain his full age till -9 H. 6. Sir Thomas Beaumont, brother of lord Henry, may be the person -here meant. - -Page 177. line 13. _Willoughby._] Robert lord Willoughby of Eresby, -distinguished among the english captains for his gallant actions under -Henry V. and the duke of Bedford. - -Page 182. line 18. _York._] He was very corpulent, and is said to have -been pressed to death in the throng. The earl of Suffolk was also among -the slain. - -Page 184. last line. _Suffered_.] Of the princes, Anthony duke of -Brabant left two sons, Philip and John, successively dukes of Brabant, -and both dying, s. p. Philip count of Nevers left Charles count of -Nevers, who died, s. p. and John count of Estampes and of Nevers after -the death of his brother. - -Edward duke of Bar and John de Bar lord of Puisaye were brothers, and -both died, s. p. - -Robert de Bar, count of Marle and Soissons, was son to Henry de Bar -another brother, and also died s. p. Upon these deaths, the succession -was disputed between Louis, cardinal de Bar, the surviving brother, and -Yoland, queen of Arragon, their sister. This dispute was terminated in -1419, when the cardinal resigned his right in favour of Réné of Anjou, -(duke of Lorraine, &c.) grandson of Yoland. - -John I. count of Alençon, succeeded by his son John II. - -Ferry count de Vaudemont. He was of the house of Lorraine, and acquired -Vaudemont by his marriage with the heiress of Vaudemont and Joinville. - -Henry II. count of Blamont, of the house of Salms. - -Edward II. count of Grandprè, of the house of Porcien. - -John VI. count of Roussy and Braine, descended from the old counts of -Rheims. He left one daughter, Jane, married to Robert de Sarreback, -count of Commercy. He was recognized among the dead by a wound which -had made one arm shorter than the other. - -Waleran, eldest son of Raoul II. lord of Rayneval and grand pannetier -de France, and his wife Philippa, daughter of John de Luxembourg -count de Ligny and castellan of Lisle. Waleran possessed the lands of -Fauquemberg by the will of his aunt Jane de Luxembourg, widow of Guy -de Châtillon count of St Pol. This count Waleran left only a daughter, -married to Baldwin d'Ailly vidame of Amiens. - -Page 185. line 13. _France._] Charles d'Albret, count de Dreux, -succeeded by his son Charles II. - -Page 185. line 13. _Boucicaut._] Boucicaut died in England two years -after. He left no issue. - -Page 185. line 15. _Dampierre._] He married Jane de la Riviere, and -had issue by her one son, James II. lord de Dampierre, who served the -dauphin faithfully, and was made grand pannetier de France. - -Page 185. line 19. _Household._] The name of sir Guichard Dauphin -appears to have betrayed Shakespeare into the error of making the -dauphin of France present at the battle of Agincourt, which he -was not,--unless we suppose the error to lie with the editors, in -confounding two persons meant by Shakespeare to be distinct. In the -camp scene before the battle, his dauphin does not hold such a rank -in the debate and conversation as is suitable to the heir of the -french monarchy, but precisely that which the master of the household -might hold with propriety. In one scene, he is thus mentioned, 'Enter -Rambures, Châtillon, Dauphin and others.' - -Page 186. line 9. _Croy._] John lord de Croy and his _two_ eldest sons, -John and Archambaud. - -Page 186. line 10. _D'Auxi._] David lord of Auxi. - -Page 186. line 11. _Crequy._] Raoul, surnamed L'Estendart, on account -of the many standards he had won from the English, son of John IV. lord -of Crequy. - -Page 186. line 13. _Dampierre._] Philip, brother of David, lord of -D_o_mpierre, not D_a_mpierre, which was in the house of Châtillon. - -Page 186. line 14. _Raineval._] Raoul II. lord of Rayneval, grand -pannetier de France, left four sons, of whom Waleran, the eldest, was -count of Fauquemberg, and killed at this battle; John, the third, -was lord de Meracourt, also killed here; Aubert, the fourth, lord of -Betencourt, also killed here: Raoulequin, lord of Cardonnai, was the -second;--but there must be some mistake about their father the bailiff -of Amiens, and also about the brother sir Allain. - -Page 186. line 15. _Mailly._] Colard, or Nicholas, lord of Mailly, and -his eldest son Colard. - -Page 186. line 21. _Brie._] John de Bethune, lord of Mareuil, Autrêche, -&c. youngest son of John lord of Vendeul and Vergier. - -Page 186. line 21. _Clarsy._] Simon lord of Dommart and Claed, son of -John de Craon lord of Dommart, and brother of William lord of Nouastre -and John lord of Dommart, who was also taken prisoner at Agincourt, and -died in 1420. - -John the young, lord of Midens, brother of John IV. lord of Crequy, -Canaples, &c. was also killed at Agincourt. - -Page 186. line 22. _Rocheguyon._] Guy VI. lord de Rocheguyon, -counsellor and chamberlain to the king. His son, Guy VII. was the last -male of this illustrious house. I find nothing of his brother. - -Page 186. line 24. _D'Aliegre._] Morinot de Tourzel, lord of Alegre. -But I find in Morery, that he lived to the year 1418. - -Page 186. line 26. _Heu._] Heu a family of Le Pays Messin, celebrated -in the sixteenth century. - -Page 187. line 4. _Humieres._] Matthew and John de Humieres, sons of -Matthew lord de Humieres, and brothers of Philip lord de Humieres, made -prisoner on the same day. - -Page 187. line 4. _Brothers._] Renty, a branch of the house of Croy. - -Page 187. line 17. _Kieret._] Henry Quieret, lord of Tours en Vimeu, -died in 1406, leaving two sons, Guy, and Peter lord of Haucourt, both -_made prisoners_ at Agincourt; but I find none of the family _killed_ -there. - -Page 187. line 19. _D'Auffemont._] Guy III. de Nesle, of the family of -Clermont en Beauvoisis. - -Page 187. line 25. _Gallois._] Matthieu de Rouvroy, and Guillaume le -Gallois, his brother,--descended in the female line from the old counts -of Vermandois. - -Page 188. line 3. _Becqueville._] William Martel, lord of Bacqueville, -often mentioned before. He was the last person distinguished by the -venerable office of _Porte-Orisflamme_. - -Page 188. line 8. _Beau-mainnil._] Robert VI. de Harcourt, lord of -Beaumênil. - -Page 188. line 12. _D'Ouffreville._] Q. Offrainville? Denis de -Longueil, lord of Offrainville, was killed at Agincourt, together with -his elder brother, William lord of Longueville, and his son Robert. - -Page 188. line 15. _Brolay._] Amaury de Craon, lord de Briolé, of the -branch of La Suze. - -Page 188. line 18. _Montbason._] John de Craon, lord of Montbazon and -viscount of Châteaudun, _grand echanson_ de France. - -Page 188. line 18. _Bueuil._] John lord of Beuil, master of the -cross-bows from 1396 to 1399. - -Page 188. line 20. _Beau Vergier._] Antony lord of Beauvergier, grand -pannetier de France. - -Page 188. line 21. _Tour._] Agne III. de la Tour, lord of Oliergues. - -Page 188. line 25. _Challus._] Probably Robert de Chabannes, lord of -Charlus, father of Stephen lord of Charlus, James lord of La Palice, -and Anthony count of Dammartin. - -Page 188. line 26. _Montgaugier._] St Maur, lords of Montgaugier, a -house of Touraine. - -Page 189. line 4. _Belliere._] Anthony de Bellievre, ancestor of the -Bellievres presidents and chancellors, lived at this time; but it was a -law-family, and Q. if any of the branches were addicted to arms? - -Page 189. line 5. _Montauban._] Oliver V. lord of Montauban, a great -house in Bretagne, died soon after 1386, leaving five sons,--1. -William, who died in 1432; 2. Robert, bailiff of Cotentin, at the siege -of Orleans in 1420; 3. Bertrand, killed at Agincourt; 4. Renaud, lord -of Crêpon; 5. John. - -Page 189. line 12. _Lens._] John de Récourt, castellan of Lens, brother -to Charles, admiral of France, was killed at this battle; but I find no -others of the family. - -Page 190. line 4. _D'Aumont._] John Hutin lord of Aumont, Chars and -Chapes, echanson du roi, &c. - -Page 190. line 5. _Moncaurel._] John, lord of Montcavrel, was killed -at this battle. He left only one daughter, in whose right Montcavrel -passed into the family of Monchy. - -Page 190. line 11. _Chastillon._] Charles de Châtillon, lord of -Sourvilliers and Marigni. - -Gaspard de Chastillon and Hugh his brother, of the Chastillons, lords -of Blois and la Bastie, were also killed. - -Page 190. line 22. _Belloy._] Hugh lord of Bellay and Giseux, married -Isabel de Montigny lady of Langey. Bertrand his son. He had two other -sons, one killed at Crevant, another at Verneuil. - -Page 191. line 5. _Brothers._] Hector de Chartres, lord of Ons en Bray, -grand master of waters and forests in Normandy, father of Renaud, -archbishop of Rheims and chancellor of France. - -Page 191. line 5. _Nofville._] Perhaps a son of the mareschal -Neufville, who succeeded to the estates of sir Arnold d'Andreghen in -1370. - -Page 191. line 25. _Hangiers._] I can find no such name as _Hangiers_; -but John V. lord de _Hangest_, grand master of cross-bows from 1407 to -1411, was killed here. - -Page 191. line 25. _Vaverans._] John de Mailly, lord of Authuille and -Warans, one of the twenty-five sons of Giles lord of Authuille. This -was a branch of the lords de Mailly before mentioned. - -Page 192. line 2. _Raisse._] Guy II. de la Val, lord of Retz and -Blazon, is said, by Moreri, to have died _before_ 1416. He was father -of the infamous marshal de Retz by Mary of Craon. - -Page 202. line 19. _Barbasan._] Arnaud-Guilhem, baron of Barbazan -in Bigorre, first, chamberlain to Charles VII. afterwards governor -of Champagne and the Laonnois, &c. The king gave him the title of -'Chevalier sans reproche,' and permitted him to take the fleurs de lys -for his arms. He was seven years prisoner at Chasteau Gaillard, till -delivered in 1430 by La Hire. He was killed at Belleville, near Nancy, -in 1432, and buried with the highest honours. - -Page 246. line 13. _Trimouille._] George lord of la Trimouille, Sully, -Craon, Jonvelle, &c. by descent, count of Boulogne, Auvergne and -Guisnes, by marriage with Jane, heiress of those counties and widow -of the duke of Berry. Moreri says he was made prisoner at Agincourt, -though not mentioned in the list of prisoners by Monstrelet. He was -successively grand master of waters and forests, grand chamberlain of -France, and lieutenant-general of the duchy of Burgundy. His wife, the -duchess of Berry, brought him no issue; but on her death, in 1423, he -married again, the heiress of l'Isle Bouchard, and had several children. - -Page 246. line 20. _Moruel._] Thibaud, lord of Moreuil and Coeuvres, -assumed the family-name of Soissons from his great-grandmother, wife of -Bernard V. lord of Moreuil. He married Margaret de Poix d'Arcy, by whom -he had many children, and died in 1437. His son Waleran succeeded, in -right of his mother, to the lordships of Poix, Quesnes, &c. - -Page 257. _chap. xlvii._] See Giannone, lib. 25. cap. 1. & 2 for an -account of these events, which are not very accurately related by -Monstrelet. - -Page 281. line 3. _Gaucourt._] Raoul V. lord de Gaucourt. His son, -Raoul VI. was grand master of France. - -Page 282. line 2. _Bourbon._] Q. - -Page 283. line 19. _Rouen._] Louis, archbishop of Rouen, brother to -John VII. count de Harcourt, who was made prisoner at Agincourt. - -Page 285. line 7. _Gamaches._] John de Rouault, lord of Gamaches and -Boismenard. - -Page 286. line 1. _Louis._] Louis III. eldest son of Louis II. king of -Sicily, &c. by Yoland, daughter of John I. king of Arragon and Yoland -de Bar. Louis III. was born in 1403, adopted by Jane II. queen of -Naples, married Margaret of Savoy, and died, 1434, without issue. - -Page 286. line 3. _Bar._] Réné, born in 1408, duke of Lorraine in right -of his wife Isabel, daughter of Charles the bold, and of Bar in right -of his grandmother, Yoland queen of Arragon. - -Page 286. line 3. _Charles._] Charles, count of Maine, &c. born in 1414. - -Page 286. line 4. _Dauphin._] Mary married to Charles, dauphin, in 1422. - -Page 286. line 5. _Yolande._] Yoland married to Francis, duke of -Bretagne, in 1431. - -Page 332. line 24. _Isle-Adam._] Charles, son of Ancel de l'Isle-Adam -lord of Puysieux, and grand echanson of France, killed at Agincourt. - -Page 338. line 23. _D'Antoing._] John de Melun, lord of Antoing, (son -of Hugh, son of John I. viscount of Melun, grandfather of the count of -Tancarville.) He was constable of Flanders, viscount of Ghent, and died -very old in 1484. - -Page 340. line 10. _Of Burgundy._] John the great, lord of Champlite, -marshal of Burgundy. He died in 1418. His eldest son, William, died in -his lifetime, leaving John IV. lord of Champlite, on the death of his -grandfather, and seneschal of Burgundy. Anthony, second son of John the -great, was count of Dammartin. - -Page 340. line 11. _Châlons._] John de Châlons, prince of Orange in -right of Mary of Baux his wife. He died in 1418, and was succeeded by -his son, Louis the good, here mentioned. - -Page 340. line 13. _Souvelle._] John de la Trimouille, lord of -_Jonvelle_, was brother to George de la Trimouille, who married the -duchess of Berry, as before mentioned. - -Page 340. line 14. _Pot._] Regnier Pot, lord of La Prugne. - -Page 340. line 15. _Neuf-Châtel._] Thibauld VIII. lord of Neuf-chastel -and Blammont, son to the lord of Neuf-chastel killed at Nicopolis. - -Page 340. line 16. _Rochefort_.] James lord of Rochefort and Bussy son -of John de Rochefort, bailiff of Auxois. - -Page 378. last line, _Derke_.] Damoiseau Derke, _i.e._ William lord of -Arckel, who was killed at Gorcum. - -Page 379. line 2. _Brederode._] Walrave lord of Brederode, also killed -at Gorcum. - -Page 380. line 5. _Fayette._] Gilbert III. lord of la Fayette, marshal -of France, counsellor and chamberlain of the king and dauphin, -seneschal of the Bourbonnois, &c. &c. - -Page 381. line 12. _Harcourt._] James II. de Harcourt, lord of -Montgomery, who was taken prisoner at Agincourt, married to Margaret, -only daughter and heiress of William de Melun, count of Tancarville, -killed at Agincourt. - - - H. Bryer, Printer, Bridge-street, - Blackfriars, London. - - - -Transcibers Note: - -Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation are as in the original. - -g.m. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Chronicles of Enguerrand de -Monstrelet, by Enguerrand de Monstrelet - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE CHRONICLES OF ENGUERRAND *** - -***** This file should be named 52889-8.txt or 52889-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/2/8/8/52889/ - -Produced by Graeme Mackreth and The Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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