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diff --git a/old/52858-h/52858-h.htm b/old/52858-h/52858-h.htm deleted file mode 100644 index 71fd89e..0000000 --- a/old/52858-h/52858-h.htm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1730 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" - "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> -<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> - <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" /> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> - <title> - The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Cholera Gazette, Vol. I. No. 4., by Various. - </title> - - <link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover.jpg" /> - -<style type="text/css"> - -a { - text-decoration: none; -} - -body { - margin-left: 10%; - margin-right: 10%; - font-size: 100%; -} - -h1,h2,h3 { - text-align: center; - clear: both; -} - -hr { - width: 65%; - margin-left: 17.5%; - margin-right: 17.5%; - margin-top: 2em; - margin-bottom: 2em; - clear: both; -} - -p { - margin-top: 0.5em; - text-align: justify; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; - text-indent: 1em; -} - -table { - margin: 1em auto 1em auto; - max-width: 40em; -} - -td { - padding: 0 0.25em 0 0.25em; - vertical-align: top; - text-align: justify; -} - -th { - font-weight: normal; -} - -.blockquote { - margin-left: 10%; - margin-right: 10%; - font-size: smaller; -} - -.borders { - border-top: double; - border-bottom: double; -} - -.center { - text-align: center; - text-indent: 0em; -} - -.footnotes { - border: dashed 1px; -} - -.footnote { - margin-left: 10%; - margin-right: 10%; - font-size: 0.9em; -} - -.footnote .label { - position: absolute; - right: 84%; - text-align: right; -} - -.fnanchor { - position: relative; - top: -0.4em; - font-size: .8em; - text-decoration: none; -} - -.indent3 { - text-indent: 3em; -} - -.pagenum { - position: absolute; - right: 4%; - font-size: 0.9em; - text-align: right; - font-style: normal; -} - -.right { - text-align: right; -} - -.shift-up { - margin-top: -1.7em; -} - -.smaller { - font-size: 80%; -} - -.smcap { - font-variant: small-caps; - font-style: normal; -} - -.tdr { - text-align: right; -} - -.tdtotal { - text-align: right; - border-top: thin solid black; -} - -.titlepage { - text-align: center; - margin-top: 3em; - text-indent: 0em; -} - -@media handheld { - -.blockquote { - margin-left: 5%; - margin-right: 5%; -} -} - </style> - </head> -<body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Cholera Gazette, Vol. I. No. 4. -Wednesday, August 1st, 1832., by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: The Cholera Gazette, Vol. I. No. 4. Wednesday, August 1st, 1832. - -Author: Various - -Release Date: August 20, 2016 [EBook #52858] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHOLERA GAZETTE, AUGUST 1, 1832 *** - - - - -Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive) - - - - - - -</pre> - - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span></p> - -<h1><span class="smaller">THE</span><br /> -CHOLERA GAZETTE.</h1> - -<div class="borders"> - -<p><span class="smcap">Vol. I.</span></p> - -<p class="center shift-up"><i>WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 1st, 1832.</i></p> - -<p class="right shift-up">No. 4.</p> - -</div> - -<h2><i>Injection of Saline Solutions into the Veins.</i></h2> - -<p>The following documents relative to the treatment of cholera by -the copious injection of a saline solution into the veins, communicated -to the Central Board of Health of Great Britain, are of so interesting -a character that we hasten to lay them before our readers; -though we are far from participating in the sanguine estimate of the -curative powers of the remedy, entertained by Drs. Lewins, Latta -and others. The measure has been resorted to in New York, and on -the whole, with but slender success, and the results of trials of it, in -this city, so far as we have been able to obtain authentic information, -have not been very encouraging. Some of the symptoms have been -relieved, but we know as yet of no cure effected by it.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<h3>No. 1.</h3> - -<p><span class="smcap">Sir</span>,—I conceive it to be my duty to let you know, for the information of the -Central Board of Health, that the great desideratum of restoring the natural -current in the veins and arteries, of improving the colour of the blood, and recovering -the functions of the lungs, in cholera asphyxia, may be accomplished -by injecting a weak saline solution into the veins of the patient. To Dr. Thomas -Latta, of this place, is due the merit of first having recourse to this practice. -He has tried it in six cases, three of which I have seen, and assisted to -treat. The most wonderful and satisfactory effect is the immediate consequence -of the injection. To produce the effect referred to, a large quantity must be -injected—from <i>five to ten pounds</i> in an adult—and repeated at longer or shorter -intervals, as the state of the pulse, and other symptoms, may indicate. Whenever -the pulse fails, more fluid ought to be thrown in, to produce an effect -upon it, without regard to quantity. In one of the cases I have referred to, -120 <i>ounces</i> were injected at once, and repeated to the amount of 330 ounces in -twelve hours. In another, 376 ounces were thrown into the veins between -Sunday, at 11 o’clock, A. M., and this day (Tuesday) at 4 P. M.; that is, in the -course of 53 hours, upwards of 31 pounds!</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span></p> - -<p>The solution that was used consisted of two drachms of muriate, and two -scruples of carbonate, of soda, to sixty ounces of water. It was at the temperature -of 108 or 110 degrees.</p> - -<p>The apparatus employed in injecting was merely one of Reid’s common syringes, -(the fluid being put into a vessel rather deep and narrow,) with a -small pipe fitted, that it might easily be introduced into an incision in the veins -of the usual size that is made in bleeding. It may, however, be well to keep in -mind, that, in the event of the operation being frequently repeated, it may be -adviseable to inject by different veins.</p> - -<p>I forbear at present to enter further into the particulars; nor have we had -sufficient experience to speak decisively on the subject. I may, however, -mention, that the idea of having recourse to this remedy in cholera, occurred -to Dr. Latta, from being convinced, (which I am also,) that the evacuations upwards -and downwards are in reality the serum of the blood; that it is the duty -of the physician to replace it, as speedily as possible, by injecting a fluid, as similar -to the serum as can be formed artificially, directly into the veins, which -has been done here with wonderful, and, so far as we can yet judge, excellent -effect. An immediate return of the pulse, an improvement in the respiration -and in the voice, an evolution of heat, an improvement in the appearance of the -patient, with a feeling of comfort, are the immediate effects. The quantity necessary -to be injected will probably be found to depend upon the quantity of -serum lost—the object of the practice being to place the patient in nearly his ordinary -state, as to the quantity of blood circulating in the vessels.—I have, &c.</p> - -<p class="center">(Signed)</p> - -<p class="right">ROBERT LEWINS, M. D.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">To W. Maclean</span>, Esq.</p> - -<p class="indent3"><i>Secretary to the Central Board of Health.</i></p> - -<h3>No. 2.</h3> - -<p><span class="smcap">Sir</span>,—I did myself the honour to address a letter to you lately, on the effects -of injecting a saline solution into the veins of a patient labouring under cholera. -We have not frequent opportunities of trying this, which I denominate, admirable -remedy, as the disease is decidedly less frequent here; but I have seen it -employed in two other cases, in the course of the last two days, with the same -excellent effect. Sixty ounces are generally thrown in at once, and repeated at -the end of three or four hours. In a case to-day, where I saw fifty-eight ounces -injected, (being the third time of performing the operation,) the patient’s pulse, -at the commencement, was 180, very small, and very feeble. She was excessively -restless, with a feeling of great weakness and tormenting thirst. Before -twelve ounces were injected, the pulse began to improve; it became fuller and -slower, and it continued to improve until, after 58 ounces had been injected, it -was down to 110. Before I left the patient, (a woman,) her condition was altogether -amazingly amended. There was a fine glow and a slight perspiration -on her face; the veins on the back of her head were well filled; the restlessness -was removed, the feeling of excessive weakness gone, and the thirst ceased. -The pulse was under 100, free, full, and soft! Verily, sir, this is an astonishing -method of medication, and I predict will lead to wonderful changes and improvements -in the practice of medicine! I have addressed you upon the subject, -as the organ, from your high official station, of disseminating a knowledge<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span> -of the extraordinary facts referred to. It will, of course, give me great pleasure -to enter further into particulars upon any particular point on which you may require -information, in reference to the cases that have come under my observation.—I -have, &c.</p> - -<p class="center">(Signed)</p> - -<p class="right">ROBERT LEWINS, M. D.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">To W. Maclean, Esq.</span> &c. &c.</p> - -<p>In the hands of a man of ordinary dexterity, the common injecting apparatus -alluded to in my last will be found to answer the purpose perfectly well; but -if the practice I recommend is, as I hope it will be, generally adopted, it will, -I conceive, be expedient to advise that a regular and perfect transfusion apparatus -be used; at all events, to warn those who inject to beware of allowing -air to get into the vein. The tubes, of course, must be filled with fluid, as well -as the pipe in the vein, before commencing, and considerably more fluid than -it is intended to use ought to be in the vessel from which it is pumped.</p> - -<p class="right">R. L.</p> - -<h3>No. 3.</h3> - -<p class="right"><i>Leith, May 23d, 1832.</i></p> - -<p>Sir,—My friend, Dr. Lewins, has communicated to me your wish for a detailed -account of my method of treating cholera by saline injection into the veins, with -which I now most willingly comply. My scope for observation, since I commenced -this treatment, has been too limited to allow me to be very copious on -the subject, but I think I can adduce sufficient proof to the unprejudiced, not -only of its safety, but of its unquestionable utility. I have never yet seen one -bad symptom attributable to it, and I have no doubt that it will be found, when -judiciously applied, to be one of the most powerful, and one of the safest remedies -yet used in the second stage of cholera, or that hopeless state of collapse -to which the system is reduced.</p> - -<p>Before entering into particulars, I beg leave to premise, that the plan which -I have put in practice was suggested to me on reading in The Lancet, the review -of Dr. O’Shaughnessy’s report on the chemical pathology of malignant -cholera, by which it appears that in that disease there is a very great deficiency -both of the water and saline matter of the blood. On which deficiency, the -thick, black, cold state of the vital fluid depends, which evidently produces -most of the distressing symptoms of that very fearful complaint, and is, doubtless, -often the cause of death. In this opinion I am abundantly borne out by -the phenomena produced on repletion by venous injection.</p> - -<p>So soon as I learnt the result of Dr. O’Shaughnessy’s analysis, I attempted to -restore the blood to its natural state, by injecting copiously into the larger intestines, -warm water, holding in solution the requisite salts, and also administered -quantities from time to time by the mouth, trusting that the power of absorption -might not be altogether lost; but by these means I produced, in no case, -any permanent benefit; but, on the contrary, I thought the tormina, vomiting, -and purging, were much aggravated thereby, to the further reduction of the -little remaining strength of the patient; finding thus, that such, in common with -all the ordinary means in use, was either useless or hurtful, I at length resolved -to throw the fluid immediately into the circulation. In this, having no precedent -to direct me, I proceeded with much caution. The first subject of experiment -was an aged female, on whom all the usual remedies had been fully<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span> -tried, without producing one good symptom; the disease, uninterrupted, holding -steadily on its course. She had apparently reached the last moments of her -earthly existence, and now nothing could injure her—indeed, so entirely was -she reduced, that I feared I should be unable to get my apparatus ready ere she -expired. Having inserted a tube into the basilic vein, cautiously—anxiously I -watched the effects; ounce after ounce was injected, but no visible change was -produced. Still persevering, I thought she began to breathe less laboriously; -soon the sharpened features, and sunken eye, and fallen jaw, pale and cold, -bearing the manifest impress of death’s signet, began to glow with returning -animation; the pulse, which had long ceased, returned to the wrist; at first small -and quick, by degrees it became more and more distinct, fuller, slower, and firmer, -and in the short space of half an hour, when six pints had been injected, she -expressed in a firm voice that she was free from all uneasiness, actually became -jocular, and fancied all she needed was a little sleep; her extremities were -warm, and every feature bore the aspect of comfort and health. This being my -first case, I fancied my patient secure, and from my great need of a little repose, -left her in charge of the hospital surgeon; but I had not been long gone, ere the -vomiting and purging recurring, soon reduced her to her former state of debility. -I was not apprised of the event, and she sunk in five and a half hours -after I left her. As she had previously been of a sound constitution, I have no -doubt the case would have issued in complete reaction, had the remedy, which -had already produced such effect, been repeated.</p> - -<p>Not having by me the number of <span class="smcap">The Lancet</span> containing Dr. O’Shaughnessy’s -analyses, I adopted that of Dr. Marcet, only allowing a smaller proportion of -saline ingredients. This I now find to be considerably less than natural, according -to the more recent analyses. I dissolved from two to three drachms of -muriate of soda, and two scruples of the sub-carbonate of soda in six pints of water, -and injected it at temperature 112° Fah. If the temperature is so low as a -hundred, it produces an extreme sense of cold, with rigors; and if it reaches -115°, it suddenly excites the heart, the countenance becomes flushed, and the -patient complains of great weakness. At first there is but little felt by the patient, -and symptoms continue unaltered, until the blood, mingled with the injected -liquid, becomes warm and fluid; the improvement in the pulse and countenance -is almost simultaneous; the cadaverous expression gradually gives place -to appearances of returning animation, the horrid oppression at the præcordia -goes off, the sunken turned up eye, half covered by the palpebræ, becomes -gradually fuller, till it sparkles with the brilliancy of health, the livid hue disappears, -the warmth of the body returns, and it regains its natural colour—words -are no more uttered in whispers, the voice first acquires its true cholera tone, -and ultimately its wonted energy, and the poor patient, who but a few minutes -before was oppressed with sickness, vomiting, and burning thirst, is suddenly -relieved from every distressing symptom; blood now drawn exhibits on exposure -to air its natural florid hue.</p> - -<p>Such symptoms, so gratifying both to the sick and the physician, must never -allow the latter to relax in his care—the utmost vigilance is still necessary. At -first the change is so great, that he may fancy all is accomplished, and leave his -post for a while. The diarrhœa recurring, he may find his patient, after the -lapse of two or three hours, as low as ever. As soon as reaction by the first<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span> -injection is produced, mild warm stimulants, such as weak gin toddy, mixed with -some astringent, should be freely and assiduously administered. An attempt -should be made to fill the colon with some astringent fluid. That such is requisite, -is evident from the watery diarrhœa returning with violence, and if not -restrained, death will ultimately make sure of his victim, therefore, so soon as -the pulse fails, and the features again shrink, the venous injection must be repeated, -taking care that the fluid in use retains its proper temperature. The -injection should be carried on very slowly, unless the patient is much exhausted, -when it may be used more rapidly at first, until a little excitement is produced, -after which it should not exceed two or three ounces per minute, and now is -the time for the exhibition of astringents by the mouth, which will be retained; -for in general the sickness entirely leaves during the operation.</p> - -<p>Such remedies must be persisted in; and repeated as symptoms demand, or -until reaction is permanently established. I have witnessed no violent symptoms -accompanying the rapid injection of the fluid; but I have thought that the hasty -repletion of the system was followed by great increase of the evacuations, and, -consequently, a more sudden depression of the powers of life. The quantity -to be injected depends on the effect produced, and the repetition on the demands -of the system, which generally vary according to the violence of the -diarrhœa; the greater the degree of collapse, the greater will be the quantity -needed, though not uniformly, for a very slight loss produces much depression -in some systems; hence there is often great collapse, without much vomiting, -purging, or cutaneous discharge.</p> - -<p>Although in every case, even the most desperate, the cholera symptoms were -removed, some of my cases failed, which I attributed to one or other of the following -causes—either the quantity injected was too small, or its effects were -rendered abortive by extensive organic disease, or its application was too late.</p> - -<p>I have already given an instance where deficiency in quantity was the cause -of failure, which I will now contrast with one in which it was used freely. A -female, aged fifty, very destitute, but previously in good health, was on the -13th instant, at four A. M., seized with cholera in its most violent form, and by -half-past nine was reduced to a most hopeless state. The pulse was quite gone, -even in the axilla, and strength so much exhausted, that I had resolved not to -try the effects of the injection, conceiving the poor woman’s case to be hopeless, -and that the failure of the experiment might afford the prejudiced and the -illiberal an opportunity to stigmatize the practice; however, I at length thought -I would give her a chance, and in the presence of Drs. Lewins and Craigie, and -Messrs. Sibson and Paterson, I injected one hundred and twenty ounces, when, -like the effects of magic, instead of the pallid aspect of one whom death had -sealed as his own, the vital tide was restored, and life and vivacity returned; -but diarrhœa recurred, and in three hours she again sunk. One hundred and -twenty ounces more were injected with the same good effect. In this case -three hundred and thirty ounces were so used in twelve hours, when reaction -was completely reëstablished; and in forty-eight hours she smoked her pipe -free from distemper. She was then, for better accommodation, carried to the hospital, -where probably, from contagion, slight typhoid symptoms were produced. -She is now, however, convalescent.</p> - -<p>The second cause of want of success is the presence of organic disease; this,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span> -probably, renders the possessor very liable to attacks of cholera; and the latent -evil, which previously gave but little uneasiness, suffers aggravation in all its -symptoms, more especially after reaction has been produced, and has evidently, -in many cases, been the cause of death. A delicate young female, of strumous -habits, who had been for some years subject to pectoral complaints, was rescued -from a state of collapse by the injection of sixty ounces of the saline fluid, administered -in separate portions, within the space of twelve hours. After lingering -for ten days she died; the heart was found in a state of atrophy, covered -with strong evidence of the existence of ancient disease, and floating in eight -ounces of pus. In another case every internal organ was diseased; some of them -so much so, that it was astonishing the individual lived so long.</p> - -<p>The third case of the occasional want of success, is the late application of -the remedy. Hitherto I have had opportunity of injecting only in extreme -cases, after every other means had entirely failed, cases which apparently soon -would have proved fatal. Here the obstacles to be overcome have been of no -ordinary kind, notwithstanding the result of the practice is of the most encouraging -nature, and the number of cases now convalescent or doing well highly -gratifying. In every fatal case we have had an opportunity of examining, independent -of organic disease, I have found a large quantity of fibrine in the -cavities of the heart, especially on the right side, where it had extended from -the auricle through the ventricle in the pulmonary artery. Such deposition -must have formed a certain obstacle to recovery, and is, no doubt, from the interruption -it gives to the pulmonary circulation, the cause of the heavings of -the chest, and the inordinate action perceptible in the centre of circulation many -hours before death. Now surely it is reasonable to suppose, that if this, the -most simple of all remedies, were applied early, before the blood drained of its -water has collected in the larger vessels, in fact before such fibrinous depositions -have taken place in the cavities of the heart, is it not reasonable to suppose -that such would be entirely prevented?</p> - -<p>But not only is early injection adviseable on this account, not only is stagnation -of the blood prevented by it, and the laborious breathing, and the præcordial -oppression, the intense sickness, the burning thirst, the extreme depression of -the vital powers, and the chances of aggravating chronic disease, or of producing -new organic lesion, in a great measure avoided: but it is rational to suppose -that the consecutive fever will be rendered much milder, and that this is -the case, is supported by my own experience, even though the remedy has -not been applied earlier, indeed the fact is very evident. In an ordinary attack -of cholera, much fluid is lost; and if the individual is so fortunate as to get out -of the stage of collapse, if consecutive fever of typhoid type comes on, the system, -left to its own resources to replace the lost serum, must be but ill fitted -for the task, for the debility is extreme, absorption goes on slowly, the fever -will be much aggravated by the irritation of internal congestion; local inflammation -will thereby be produced, and the chance of recovery will be but small. -Much of this evil is to be mitigated or entirely avoided by injection into the -veins, of which circumstance I can adduce living instances; and where the patient, -who had been injected, has sunk under organic disease, the usual marks -of congestion are not perceptible.</p> - -<p>The apparatus I have used, is Reid’s patent syringe, having a small silver<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span> -tube attached to the extremity of the flexible injecting tube. The syringe must -be quite perfect, so as to avoid the risk of injecting air; the saline fluid should -never be injected oftener than <i>once</i> into the same orifice, and the vein should -be treated with much delicacy to avoid phlebitis. The wound should be poulticed -and carefully watched, if it does not heal by the first intention.</p> - -<p class="center">I am, sir, your most obedient servant,</p> - -<p class="right">THOMAS LATTA, M. D.</p> - -</div> - -<p class="center">(To be continued.)</p> - -<hr /> - -<h2><i>Origin and Progress of Cholera at Albany.</i></h2> - -<p>The following report made by the medical staff of Albany to the -Board of Health, furnishes some interesting information relative to -the origin of the epidemic, and the character of the diseases which -preceded its appearance in that city.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“In presenting to the Board of Health the following tables, showing the -bills of mortality of this city from the 22d ult., when the board directed the -deaths to be recorded, up to this day, we deem it our duty to make some remarks -relative to the health of the city during the above period, and likewise -in relation to our future prospects, and the measures we consider useful to accelerate -the departure of the pestilence from among us.</p> - -<p>“We stated in our last report to the board, that immediately prior to the breaking -out of the epidemic, our city was unusually healthy. Until about the 20th -of June, few diseases prevailed, and the mortality was less than common. From -the 22d of June to the 3d of July, only eleven deaths occurred—of those, six -were children. In a population of twenty-six thousand, an average of less than -one death a day for near two weeks, indicates a degree of health almost without -a parallel. From the 30th of June to the 3d of July, <i>not one single death was -reported</i>. It was, however, but the calm which precedes the storm. All other -diseases gave way to the silent but the irresistible march of the epidemic.</p> - -<p>“Although but few deaths took place from the 20th of June to the 3d of July, -there was considerable sickness; and experienced physicians foresaw the coming -danger, in the usual prevalence of diarrhœa, and common cholera morbus—hence -it was that your board was urged to make all ready—to be prepared with -hospitals, physicians, nurses, &c. and to this timely warning, and the preparations -made in consequence, we may, under Providence, attribute the limited -ravages of this fell pestilence.</p> - -<p>“On the 3d day of July, the epidemic assumed its malignant and characteristic -form. From that time until now, it has maintained its residence among us. -For the first week it gradually extended, and during the second it has been -rather stationary, the number attacked varying a little from day to day and but -little.</p> - -<p>“It is now a fortnight since the first deaths took place. The number of -cases reported within that period is two hundred and forty-five, and the deaths -seventy-two—or a little over one-quarter of the whole. It must however be<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span> -recollected, that during the same time hundreds had been attacked with <i>Cholerine</i>, -or the slightest influences of the epidemic. None of these have been -reported, <i>because by timely aid, the disease, in its more formidable shape, was prevented</i>. -We can, we believe, say with truth, that few have entirely escaped the -influence of the disease.</p> - -<p>“From a consideration of all the circumstances connected with the visitation -of Providence, we think our citizens have great cause for thankfulness, that we -thus far suffered so little. Compared to our neighbours of Canada, we have -suffered less than we had cause to anticipate. The disease has been among us -for a fortnight; has passed all over the city, and in one form or other has affected -more or less persons of all classes, and yet the deaths have not much exceeded -five in a day, whilst at Quebec and Montreal, in a population not much exceeding -ours, the deaths some days exceeded one hundred, when the disease had -not been so long among them as it has been with us. From the history of the -disease in other countries, and the circumstances connected with its progress in -this city, we would fain indulge the hope, that it has already spent its venom, -and that we shall ere long be free from it entirely. For the last two days, notwithstanding -the number of cases reported and the high state of mortality, we -are inclined to believe that we see, in the character of the prevailing disease, -indications of returning health.</p> - -<p>“We have as yet, had no cause to change our opinion respecting the nature -of the prevailing disease—we consider it essentially epidemic. It continues to -attack people in different parts of the city, and had not been traced from one -person to another, as might have been done were its progress dependent on -contagion. It is true, in some houses, several persons have been attacked and -died; but this only shows that similar causes produce similar effects in individuals -placed in like circumstances—all were equally exposed to the local and -general causes which engender this disease. The disease <i>may</i>, under certain -circumstances, be contagious, but no very striking instances of the kind has yet -come to our knowledge in this city.</p> - -<p>“We cannot reprehend in too strong language, the cold-hearted and inhuman -conduct of many of our people, to the unfortunate victims of cholera. -They are too often abandoned to their fate, even their friends being afraid to do -to them the ordinary offices of charity. Were they labouring under the plague -of the Levant they would not be looked upon with more dread. All this is -folly. The risk of taking the disease from the sick is little or nothing; much -more is to be dreaded from foul air by which the disease is engendered. The -first care of friends should be, not to run away, but to take the sick into more -healthy and airy lodgings.</p> - -<p>“We would also protest against the indecent haste with which the scarcely -cold remains of the dead are hurried to their last abode, without a neighbour to -follow, or a friend to mourn. Such conduct is discreditable to the character of -a Christian people. We trust that we shall not again have to complain of similar -indifference to the performance of the duties of charity and humanity.</p> - -<p>“To the members of the medical profession, and particularly its younger -members, we willingly award due credit for their attention and diligence, under -circumstances of no usual difficulty.</p> - -<p>“We would again most earnestly entreat our citizens not to neglect to apply<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span> -for medical aid the moment diarrhœa, or sick stomach and head-ache take place. -We have not yet known one instance in which the disease in its malignant form, -was not preceded by one or more of these symptoms, for some hours, if not -days; and we have not seen or heard of a single instance where these premonitory -symptoms were properly attended to, an attack was not prevented. It -cannot be too strongly or too often impressed upon the minds of our citizens, -that cholera, in its early stages, is easily cured; but that when neglected, in a -majority of cases, no human aid will avail. Almost all the deaths have occurred -in persons of intemperate habits, and of broken constitutions. A few estimable -citizens have fallen victims to it, but these were either aged and infirm, or had -neglected the premonitory symptoms, or had tampered with medicines, without -proper advice.</p> - -<p>“To our constituted authorities we would recommend the most assiduous attention -to cleanliness in our streets, along our wharves and docks; to our citizens, -strict attention to cleanliness in their houses and persons, to pay due attention -to dress, avoid exposure to the night air, and observe strict temperance, -not only in <i>drink</i>, but in <i>food</i>. We would caution them against the free use of -<i>fruit</i>, <i>ripe</i> or <i>unripe</i>, and the employment of Glauber or Epsom salts as medicines. -Several cases of cholera have been brought on by their operation. If -due attention be paid to all these precautions, we have every reason to hope -that the epidemic will soon cease to prevail among us.</p> - -<p class="right">“JONA. EIGHTS, Chairman.”</p> - -<h3><i>Bill of Mortality from 22d June to the 7th July, 1832.</i></h3> - -<table summary="Bill of Mortality"> - <tr> - <td>June</td><td class="tdr">22,</td><td class="tdr">2—</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>poison,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>small-pox.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">23,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td>——</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">24,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>pneumonia,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">25,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>convulsions,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">26,</td><td class="tdr">2—</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>convulsions,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>marasmus,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">27,</td><td class="tdr">2—</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>convulsions,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>consumption,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">28,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>scarlatina,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">29,</td><td class="tdr">2—</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>consumption,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>unknown,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">30,</td><td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td>——</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">11</td><td>deaths from 22 June to July 3.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>July,</td><td class="tdr">3,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">2</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">4,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td>——</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">5,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">4</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">6,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">2</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">7,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">3</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">8,</td><td class="tdr">4—</td><td class="tdr">3</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>intemperance,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">9,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">5</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">10,</td><td class="tdr">8—</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>apoplexy,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">7</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">11,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">9</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">12,</td><td class="tdr">4—</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>consumption,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">3</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">13,</td><td class="tdr">8—</td><td class="tdr">6</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>congestion of the brain, after cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>typhus fever,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">14,</td><td class="tdr">7—</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>hydrocephalus,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">6</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">15,</td><td class="tdr">7—</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td>debility,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">6</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">16,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">7</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">17,</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">8</td><td>cholera,</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr"></td><td></td><td class="tdtotal">78</td><td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td colspan="3">Cholera</td><td class="tdr">72</td><td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td colspan="3">Other diseases</td><td class="tdr">6</td><td></td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span></p> - -<h3>CHOLERA REPORTS.</h3> - -<table summary="Cholera reports"> - <tr> - <td>July</td><td class="tdr">3,</td><td>Cases</td><td class="tdr">2</td><td>Deaths</td><td class="tdr">2</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">4,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">1</td><td></td><td class="tdr">0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">5,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">7</td><td></td><td class="tdr">4</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">6,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">12</td><td></td><td class="tdr">2</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">7,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">10</td><td></td><td class="tdr">3</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">8,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">11</td><td></td><td class="tdr">3</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">9,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">18</td><td></td><td class="tdr">5</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">10,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">22</td><td></td><td class="tdr">7</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">11,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">28</td><td></td><td class="tdr">9</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">12,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">10</td><td></td><td class="tdr">3</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">13,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">28</td><td></td><td class="tdr">7</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">14,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">27</td><td></td><td class="tdr">6</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">15,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">17</td><td></td><td class="tdr">6</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">16,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">29</td><td></td><td class="tdr">7</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">17,</td><td></td><td class="tdr">23</td><td></td><td class="tdr">8</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td colspan="3">Total,</td><td class="tdtotal">245</td><td>Deaths,</td><td class="tdtotal">72</td> - </tr> -</table> - -</div> - -<hr /> - -<h2><i>Board of Health, New York, July 20th, 1832.</i></h2> - -<p class="indent3"><span class="smcap">To Walter Bowne</span>, Esq. President, &c.</p> - -<p>Sir—I have the honour to transmit to your Board of Health, an -additional report of the Committee appointed to inquire into the -history and origin of the disease at the Bellevue Alms-house, &c.</p> - -<p class="right">ALEX. H. STEVENS, M. D. President.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>The committee consisting of Drs. Bailey, Macneven, and A. L. Anderson, to -whom was referred the inquiry into the origin of the malignant cholera in the -Alms-house and the different institutions connected with it, further report: the -Penitentiary, situated about five hundred feet from the Alms-house, and containing -three classes of criminals, have no communication with one another; -but the Bridewell and Penitentiary prisoners have a common stairway to their -apartments; and the yards of the Female State and Female Penitentiary prisoners -are separated by a high open picket fence, near to which the Penitentiary prisoners -pass to and from their work-house, and on the opposite side of the Female -State prisoners yard, and at a little distance is situated the Cholera Hospital, -first opened on the 5th or 6th of July. In this building were confined, on the -1st of July, fifty-four Female State, about one hundred and twenty Female Penitentiary, -and about fifty Bridewell prisoners; and the first person who had -malignant cholera in that prison was Ann Smith, taken up at the Five Points, -and sent there July 2d—she sickened on the 5th, and died the next day, and -on the 7th, four more Female Penitentiary prisoners had the disease. On the -8th of July, all the remaining prisoners of this class were sent to Blackwell’s -Island, and put into a fresh white-washed building prepared for them. The -removal of those persons to a healthy residence, and an unrestrained exercise -in the open country air, appear to have checked the development of that disease -among them, for not until the 10th did any of them sicken, when four of -them were taken with that disease, and since then seven more. Dr. Spring,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span> -the physician stationed there, informed us that the disease had become milder -since their removal to the Island, two only having died of thirteen patients, -and the remaining eleven, visited by us, were doing well, except one.</p> - -<p>The first State prisoner had that disease on the 9th of July, and eight more -on the 12th and 13th, four each day; and since that time five more, the greater -part of whom have died. They are all in one very large apartment, having -three tier of windows on one side only, but the three stories are one open space -from the top to the bottom of the building.</p> - -<p>The first two cases occurred in the Bridewell class also on the 9th, the next -on the 11th instant; since then, six more have had the disease.</p> - -<p>When at Blackwell’s Island yesterday afternoon, pursuing our inquiries respecting -the Female Penitentiary prisoners, sent there from Bellevue, we considered -it appertaining to the duty assigned to us, to extend our inquiry to the -occurrences relating to the same subject, which happened on that Island, the -institution there being a part of the Bellevue establishment. We were informed -by Dr. Spring, the physician stationed there, that the first case of malignant -cholera which occurred on the Island, was an Alms-house pauper, who slept -there, but worked on the Long Island farms; he was permitted to go as far as -Brooklyn, July 1st, but he frolicked in the city all the next day, returned at -night to Blackwell’s Island, and slept out of doors all night, and sickened and -died July 3d—no other case took place there until the 11th, (three days after -the Female Penitentiary prisoners were removed from Bellevue,) when three -persons sickened and died the same day; one, a very feeble black man, aged -sixty-five; another, a black lad, who had been much reduced by medical treatment -for rheumatism—both patients in the hospital, and able to take exercise -out of doors. Their building is about one hundred yards from that occupied -by the Female Penitentiary prisoners. The third, a white pauper, aged sixty-five, -who worked on the Long Island farms, but slept on Blackwell’s Island, -formerly in the shanty now occupied by the sick blacks; but some days before -he sickened, he slept in a small building at a considerable distance from his -former lodging place; but he not being under confinement, would go to any -part of the Island when unobserved, and without hindrance to the outside of -the Black Hospital.—Since then, three blacks have had that disease.</p> - -<p>We were also informed by Dr. Spring, that no case of malignant cholera had -occurred among the two hundred and eight male Penitentiary prisoners—that -a lad, aged sixteen, who frequently complained of being unwell, died on the -13th inst., after three or four hours sickness of common cholera. Those men -are employed in the open air, and their prison is in the most perfect order; the -air within was as free from any impure smell as the atmosphere without. We were -informed by Col. Woodruff, the superintendent, that it was in contemplation to -remove the Bridewell prisoners from Bellevue to this prison—and asked our -opinion as to the propriety of the measure; we give it as our opinion, that as -there was already a large number of men now confined there, and room only -for about thirty more, that the crowding of the prison at this time, and especially -from places where the malignant cholera existed, would be exposing the -health of the prisoners to some hazard.</p> - -<p>We were also informed by John Targee, Esq., one of the Commissioners of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span> -the Alms-house, that a boy, whose parents had both died in Laurens street with -the malignant cholera, was sent from there in the beginning of July, to the -house on Long Island Farms, where there are a large number of pauper boys; -he sickened and died of that disease the day after, and no case of that disease -has since occurred.</p> - -<p>The foregoing being all the facts which have come to our knowledge after -a strict examination, are respectfully submitted.</p> - -<p class="right">JOS. BAYLEY.</p> - -</div> - -<hr /> - -<h2><i>Magendie’s Treatment of Cholera.</i></h2> - -<p>M. Magendie’s success in the treatment of cholera has been vaunted -in many of the journals, and we have been repeatedly applied to -for information respecting the remedies prescribed by him. His treatment -consisted in the administration during the cold stage of the following:—</p> - -<p>1st. For common drink—℞. Infus. chamomil. ℔iv.; acet. ammon. -℥ij.; sacch. alb. ℔j M.</p> - -<p>2d. Half a glass every hour of the following punch—℞. Infus. flor. -Tiliæ Europeæ, ℔iv.; limon. iv.; alcohol, ℔j.; sacch. alb. ℔j. M.</p> - -<p>3d. From time to time he gives half a glass of the following—℞. -Vinum calefac. ℔ij.; tinct. cannel. ℥ij; sacch. alb. ℥ij. M.</p> - -<p>By these stimulants, reaction was sometimes induced, and it was -at once concluded that the patient was cured. But violent reaction -is not less dangerous than collapse, and M. Magendie’s patients relieved -from the latter condition by internal stimulants, soon exhibited -evidences of congestion of the brain or digestive organs, which resisted, -for the most part, general and local bleeding, cold to the head, -and the most active revulsives to the feet. The patient became delirious, -coma supervened, and death closed the scene.</p> - -<p>It is shown by authentic documents in our possession, that the result -of M. Magendie’s treatment was not less unfortunate than that -of his colleagues; he lost more than one-half of his patients.</p> - -<p>A careful examination of the results of the various modes of treatment -adopted in India, Russia, Poland, Germany, Great Britain and -France, has satisfied us that the internal administration of powerful -stimulants in large doses, in the collapsed stage of cholera, has been -eminently injurious, and such appears to have been ultimately the -conviction of nearly all the practitioners who resorted to them. -Panic struck, with the utter state of prostration of patients in the -collapse of cholera, physicians appear every where to have at first<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span> -been led to administer the most powerful stimulants in large and repeated -doses, to rouse the action of the heart. Recovered from their -first surprise, and admonished by their ill success, and by the violent -and uncontrollable reaction sometimes induced, these remedies were -subsequently abandoned, or only applied externally, and with incomparably -better results.</p> - -<hr /> - -<h2><i>Health of Philadelphia.</i></h2> - -<p>Bowel complaints continue to be the prevailing diseases, and within -a few days several cases of cholera have assumed malignant characters.</p> - -<table summary="Cholera in Philadelphia"> - <tr> - <td>July</td><td>27th</td><td>the Board of Health reported</td><td class="tdr">2</td><td>cases of malignant cholera.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td>28th</td><td></td><td class="tdr">6</td><td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td>29th</td><td></td><td class="tdr">6</td><td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td>30th</td><td></td><td class="tdr">15</td><td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td>31st</td><td></td><td class="tdr">19</td><td></td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p>The whole number of cases, as near as can be ascertained, is 52, -of which, 30 have occurred in the districts, 6 in the Alms-house, 1 -in the Arch street prison, and the remaining 15, in the outskirts and -dirtiest parts of the city.</p> - -<p>Report of the Board of Health for the twenty-four hours, ending -August 1st, noon:—</p> - -<h3>PRIVATE PRACTICE.</h3> - -<table summary="Private practice health report"> - <tr> - <th>CASES.</th><th>RESIDENCE.</th><th>DEATHS.</th> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>No. 94 Dillwyn street, N. L.</td><td class="tdr">1</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>No. 1 Clymer street, Moyamensing.</td><td class="tdr"></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>No. 3 do. do. do.</td><td class="tdr"></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>No. 16 Vine street, City.</td><td class="tdr">1</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>Between Race and Vine and Tenth and Eleventh streets, City.</td><td class="tdr"></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>Corner of Bedford and Twelfth streets, Moyamensing.</td><td class="tdr"></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>South side of Cedar above Twelfth street, Moyamensing.</td><td class="tdr">1</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>Peach between Green and Coates’s, N. L.</td><td class="tdr"></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>Parham’s Alley, Southwark.</td><td class="tdr"></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>Queen near Passyunk Road, do.</td><td class="tdr"></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>Second below Carpenter st. do.</td><td class="tdr"></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>Frankford Road above Bedford street, Kensington.</td><td class="tdr"></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>St. John above Poplar Lane, N. L.</td><td class="tdr"></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>Shirker’s Alley, Moyamensing.</td><td class="tdr">1</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>Third st. above Globe Mills, Kensington.</td><td class="tdr"></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1</td><td>Otter st. near William street, do.</td><td class="tdr"></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdtotal">16</td><td></td><td class="tdtotal">4</td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span></p> - -<table summary="More board of health report"> - <tr> - <th>Hospitals.</th><th>Physicians.</th><th>New cases.</th><th>Died.</th><th>Cured.</th><th>Remaining.</th> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Alms-house,</td><td>H. L. Hodge,</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">0</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Jones’ Alley,</td><td>Parrish,</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">2</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Locust st.<a name="FNanchor_1" id="FNanchor_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a></td><td>Chapman,</td><td class="tdr">2</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">1</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Moyamensing,</td><td>Thomson,</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">1</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td></td><td class="tdtotal">5</td><td class="tdtotal">3</td><td class="tdtotal">1</td><td class="tdtotal">4</td> - </tr> -</table> - -<div class="footnotes"> - <div class="footnote"> - <p><a name="Footnote_1" id="Footnote_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1"> - <span class="label">[1]</span></a> A white woman was brought from the - Alms-house in a dying state, and expired soon after admission.</p> - </div> -</div> - -<table summary="more"> - <tr> - <th></th><th><span class="smcap">New Cases.</span></th><th><span class="smcap">Deaths.</span></th> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Private practice,</td><td class="tdr">16</td><td class="tdr">5</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Hospitals,</td><td class="tdr">5</td><td class="tdr">3</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Alms-house,</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">1</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdtotal">22</td><td class="tdtotal">9</td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p class="center">By order,</p> - -<p class="right">WM. A. MARTIN, <i>Clerk</i>.</p> - -<p>The following table exhibits the whole mortality, and also that -from bowel complaints, for the 4th week in July for five successive -years.</p> - -<table summary="Mortality for the 4th week in July, five successive years"> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1828.—</td><td>4th week, ending July 26th. Whole mortality, 127; - of which, the deaths from cholera morbus, were, adults, 3; - children, 26; Total, 29.—Diarrhœa, adults, 0; children, - 3; Total, 3.—Dysentery, adults, 0; children, 3; Total, - 3.—Total from bowel complaints, 32.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1829.—</td><td>4th week, ending - August 1st. Whole mortality, 100; of which, the deaths - from cholera morbus were, adults, 1; children, 23; Total, - 24.—Diarrhœa, adults, 0; children, 4; Total, - 4.—Dysentery, adults, 1; children, 3; Total, - 4.—Total from bowel complaints, 32.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1830.—</td><td>4th week, ending - July 31st. Whole mortality, 183; of which, the deaths - from cholera morbus were, adults, 0; children, 38; Total, - 38.—Diarrhœa, adults, 0; children, 2; Total, - 2.—Dysentery, adults, 2; children, 2; Total, - 4.—Total from bowel complaints, 44.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1831.—</td><td>4th week, ending - July 30th. Whole mortality, 123, of which, the deaths - from cholera morbus were, adults, 0; children, 32; - Total, 32.—Diarrhœa, adults, 0, children, 6; - Total, 6.—Dysentery, adults, 1; children 3; Total, - 4.—Total mortality from bowel complaints, 42.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1832.—</td><td>4th week, ending July - 28th. Total mortality, 147; of which, the deaths from cholera - morbus were, adults, 5; children, 27; malignant cholera, - adults, 8; Total, 40.—Diarrhœa, adults, 3; children, - 4; Total, 7.—Dysentery, adults, 2; children, 5; Total, - 7.—Total from bowel complaints, 54.</td> - </tr> -</table> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[63]</a></span></p> - -<h2><i>Liability of Negroes to Cholera.</i></h2> - -<p>An impression appears somehow or other to have got abroad that -negroes are not liable to be attacked with cholera; such a notion, -however, has no foundation. In New York, it has been observed that -they have enjoyed no greater immunity than the whites, and the natives -of India, whose constitution much resembles that of the negro, -were more liable to cholera than Europeans. There is ample grounds -for fearing that the disease will be productive of terrible mortality -among the slaves of the southern states, and proper measures of hygiene -should be promptly adopted; and on the very first symptoms of -derangement of the digestive organs, remedial measures immediately -resorted to.</p> - -<hr /> - -<h2><i>Cholera at New York.</i></h2> - -<p>It affords us pleasure to notice that the cholera is abating in our -sister city. During the last few days, the number of cases have considerably -diminished, and though accidental causes may occasionally -interrupt their constant decrease, it is manifest that the epidemic -has reached its height and is on the decline.</p> - -<p>The report for the twenty-four hours, ending Tuesday, July 31st, -at 12 o’clock, announces—</p> - -<table summary="New York cholera report"> - <tr> - <td>In private practice,</td><td>new cases,</td><td class="tdr">59,</td><td>deaths,</td><td class="tdr">23</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Hospitals</td><td></td><td class="tdr">52</td><td></td><td class="tdr">20</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Bellevue</td><td></td><td class="tdr">1</td><td></td><td class="tdr">3</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Harlaem and Yorkville</td><td></td><td class="tdr">9</td><td></td><td class="tdr">2</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td>Total</td><td class="tdtotal">121</td><td></td><td class="tdtotal">48</td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p>The number of interments during the week, ending Saturday, July -28th, were 879; of which, there were from cholera morbus, 10; malignant -cholera, 689; cramp in the stomach, 1; diarrhœa, 3; dysentery, -4; cholera infantum, 18; inflammation of the bowels, 4; inflammation -of the stomach, 2.</p> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[64]</a></span></p> - -<h2><i>Montreal.</i></h2> - -<p>The following is a statement of the cases and deaths from the commencement -of the epidemic to the 14th of July inclusive:—</p> - -<table summary="Cholera at Montreal"> - <tr> - <th></th><th></th><th>Daily cases.</th><th>Daily burials.</th><th>Total cases.</th><th>Total deaths.</th> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>June 10th to</td><td class="tdr">15</td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr"></td><td class="tdr">1328</td><td class="tdr">175</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">16</td><td class="tdr">381</td><td class="tdr">86</td><td class="tdr">1709</td><td class="tdr">261</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">17</td><td class="tdr">474</td><td class="tdr">102</td><td class="tdr">2183</td><td class="tdr">363</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">18</td><td class="tdr">261</td><td class="tdr">128</td><td class="tdr">2444</td><td class="tdr">491</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">19</td><td class="tdr">337</td><td class="tdr">149</td><td class="tdr">2781</td><td class="tdr">640</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">20</td><td class="tdr">165</td><td class="tdr">94</td><td class="tdr">2946</td><td class="tdr">734</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">21</td><td class="tdr">151</td><td class="tdr">76</td><td class="tdr">3097</td><td class="tdr">810</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">22</td><td class="tdr">109</td><td class="tdr">52</td><td class="tdr">3206</td><td class="tdr">862</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">23</td><td class="tdr">83</td><td class="tdr">31</td><td class="tdr">3289</td><td class="tdr">893</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">24</td><td class="tdr">51</td><td class="tdr">21</td><td class="tdr">3340</td><td class="tdr">914</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">25</td><td class="tdr">44</td><td class="tdr">33</td><td class="tdr">3384</td><td class="tdr">947</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">26</td><td class="tdr">27</td><td class="tdr">23</td><td class="tdr">3411</td><td class="tdr">970</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">27</td><td class="tdr">21</td><td class="tdr">26</td><td class="tdr">3432</td><td class="tdr">996</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">28</td><td class="tdr">22</td><td class="tdr">20</td><td class="tdr">3454</td><td class="tdr">1016</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">29</td><td class="tdr">37</td><td class="tdr">21</td><td class="tdr">3491</td><td class="tdr">1037</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">30</td><td class="tdr">32</td><td class="tdr">22</td><td class="tdr">3523</td><td class="tdr">1059</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>July</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">23</td><td class="tdr">17</td><td class="tdr">3546</td><td class="tdr">1076</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">2</td><td class="tdr">13</td><td class="tdr">20</td><td class="tdr">3559</td><td class="tdr">1096</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">3</td><td class="tdr">11</td><td class="tdr">14</td><td class="tdr">3670</td><td class="tdr">1110</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">4</td><td class="tdr">23</td><td class="tdr">17</td><td class="tdr">3593</td><td class="tdr">1127</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">5</td><td class="tdr">22</td><td class="tdr">13</td><td class="tdr">3615</td><td class="tdr">1140</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">6</td><td class="tdr">19</td><td class="tdr">4</td><td class="tdr">3634</td><td class="tdr">1144</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">7</td><td class="tdr">13</td><td class="tdr">9</td><td class="tdr">3647</td><td class="tdr">1153</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">8</td><td class="tdr">14</td><td class="tdr">11</td><td class="tdr">3661</td><td class="tdr">1164</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">9</td><td class="tdr">10</td><td class="tdr">9</td><td class="tdr">3671</td><td class="tdr">1175</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">10</td><td class="tdr">7</td><td class="tdr">6</td><td class="tdr">3678</td><td class="tdr">1184</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">11</td><td class="tdr">14</td><td class="tdr">10</td><td class="tdr">3692</td><td class="tdr">1190</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">12</td><td class="tdr">15</td><td class="tdr">10</td><td class="tdr">3707</td><td class="tdr">1200</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">13</td><td class="tdr">9</td><td class="tdr">10</td><td class="tdr">3716</td><td class="tdr">1210</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td><td class="tdr">14</td><td class="tdr">8</td><td class="tdr">10</td><td class="tdr">3724</td><td class="tdr">1220</td> - </tr> -</table> - -<hr /> - -<h2>NOTICE.</h2> - -<p class="center"><i>The American Journal of the Medical Sciences.</i></p> - -<p>The August No. of this Journal will be delayed a few days in consequence -of the illness of the Editor. The No. will contain copious -details of the cholera of Paris by two American physicians who -were in that city during the prevalence of the epidemic, a review of -the principal works on cholera, and the Periscope will be enriched -with various documents relative to that disease.</p> - -<p class="titlepage">PHILADELPHIA—CAREY & LEA—CHESNUT STREET.</p> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Cholera Gazette, Vol. I. No. 4. -Wednesday, August 1st, 1832., by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHOLERA GAZETTE, AUGUST 1, 1832 *** - -***** This file should be named 52858-h.htm or 52858-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/2/8/5/52858/ - -Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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