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authornfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org>2025-02-05 23:53:21 -0800
committernfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org>2025-02-05 23:53:21 -0800
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- The Project Gutenberg eBook of On the Various Forces of Nature, by Michael Faraday.
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-<pre>
-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of On the various forces of nature and their
-relations to each other, by Michael Faraday
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: On the various forces of nature and their relations to each other
-
-Author: Michael Faraday
-
-Editor: William Crookes
-
-Release Date: June 10, 2016 [EBook #52293]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ON THE VARIOUS FORCES OF NATURE ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by MWS, Bryan Ness, Les Galloway and the Online
-Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
-file was produced from images generously made available
-by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-</pre>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<p class="half-title">
-ON THE<br />
-VARIOUS FORCES OF NATURE.
-</p>
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-<p class="center"><i>WORKS by RICHARD A. PROCTOR.</i></p>
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-and Allied Theories of Development. Second Edition, with 259 Illustrations.
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-Life and Conduct of the Vegetable Kingdom. With Coloured Frontispiece and
-100 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 7s. 6d.</p>
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-and <span class="smcap">Kepler</span>. With Portraits. Post 8vo, cloth extra, 4s. 6d.</p>
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-<span class="smcap">J. A. Smith</span>. Post 8vo, cloth extra, 4s. 6d.</p>
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-<p class="center"><i>By MICHAEL FARADAY.</i></p>
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-Edited by <span class="smcap">William Crookes</span>, F.C.S. Post 8vo, cloth extra, 4s. 6d.</p>
-
-<p class="hang">ON THE VARIOUS FORCES OF NATURE, and their Relations to
-each other. With numerous Illustrations. Edited by <span class="smcap">William Crookes</span>, F.C.S.
-Post 8vo, cloth extra, 4s. 6d.</p>
-
-<p class="center">LONDON: CHATTO &amp; WINDUS, PICCADILLY.</p>
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter" >
-<img src="images/i_titlepage.jpg" alt="Title Page" />
-</div>
-
-<hr class="full" />
-
-<h1>
-<small>ON THE</small><br />
-
-<i>Various Forces of Nature</i><br />
-
-<span class="xs">AND</span><br />
-
-<small>THEIR RELATIONS TO EACH OTHER:</small></h1>
-
-<p class="center"><small><i>A COURSE OF LECTURES DELIVERED BEFORE A JUVENILE<br />
-AUDIENCE AT THE ROYAL INSTITUTION</i></small></p>
-
-<p class="center"><span class="smcap lowercase">BY</span> MICHAEL FARADAY, D.C.L., F.R.S.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><span class="xs">EDITED BY</span><br />
-
-WILLIAM CROOKES, F.C.S.</p>
-
-
-
-<p class="center space-above"><small><i>A NEW EDITION, WITH ILLUSTRATIONS.</i></small></p>
-
-<p class="center">London:<br />
-
-CHATTO &amp; WINDUS, PICCADILLY.<br />
-
-<small>1894.</small>
-</p>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<div class="chapter">
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_5">5</span></p>
-
-
-
-
-
-<h2><a name="PREFACE" id="PREFACE">PREFACE.</a></h2>
-
-
-<p>Which was first, Matter or Force?
-If we think on this question, we
-shall find that we are unable to conceive
-of matter without force, or of force without
-matter. When God created the elements
-of which the earth is composed, He
-created certain wondrous forces, which
-are set free, and become evident when
-matter acts on matter. All these forces,
-with many differences, have much in common,
-and if one is set free, it will immediately
-endeavour to free its companions.
-Thus, heat will enable us to eliminate
-light, electricity, magnetism, and chemical<span class="pagenum" id="Page_6">6</span>
-action; chemical action will educe light,
-electricity, and heat. In this way we find
-that all the forces in nature tend to form
-mutually dependent systems; and as the
-motion of one star affects another, so force
-in action liberates and renders evident
-forces previously tranquil.</p>
-
-<p>We say tranquil, and yet the word is
-almost without meaning in the Cosmos.&mdash;Where
-do we find tranquillity? The sea,
-the seat of animal, vegetable, and mineral
-changes, is at war with the earth, and the
-air lends itself to the strife. The globe,
-the scene of perpetual intestine change, is,
-as a mass, acting on, and acted on, by the
-other planets of our system, and the very
-system itself is changing its place in space,
-under the influence of a known force
-springing from an unknown centre.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_7">7</span></p>
-
-<p>For many years the English public
-had the privilege of listening to the
-discourses and speculations of Professor
-Faraday, at the Royal Institution, on
-Matter and Forces; and it is not too much
-to say that no lecturer on Physical Science,
-since the time of Sir Humphrey Davy,
-was ever listened to with more delight.
-The pleasure which all derived from the
-expositions of Faraday was of a somewhat
-different kind from that produced by any
-other philosopher whose lectures we have
-attended. It was partially derived from
-his extreme dexterity as an operator: with
-him we had no chance of apologies for
-an unsuccessful experiment&mdash;no hanging
-fire in the midst of a series of brilliant
-demonstrations, producing that depressing
-tendency akin to the pain felt by an
-audience at a false note from a vocalist.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_8">8</span>
-All was a sparkling stream of eloquence
-and experimental illustration. We would
-have defied a chemist loving his science,
-no matter how often he might himself
-have repeated an experiment, to feel
-uninterested when seeing it done by
-Faraday.</p>
-
-<p>The present publication presents one or
-two points of interest. In the first place,
-the Lectures were especially intended for
-young persons, and are therefore as free
-as possible from technicalities; and in the
-second place, they are printed as they
-were spoken, <i>verbatim et literatim</i>. A
-careful and skilful reporter took them
-down; and the manuscript, as deciphered
-from his notes, was subsequently most
-carefully corrected by the Editor as regards
-any scientific points which were not<span class="pagenum" id="Page_9">9</span>
-clear to the short-hand writer; hence all
-that is different arises solely from the
-impossibility, alas! of conveying the manner
-as well as the matter of the Lecturer.</p>
-
-<p>May the readers of these Lectures derive
-one-tenth of the pleasure and instruction
-from their perusal which they gave to
-those who had the happiness of hearing
-them!</p>
-
-<p class="right">
-W. CROOKES.
-</p>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</span></p>
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</span></p>
-
-
-
-
-</div><div class="chapter">
-<h2>CONTENTS.</h2>
-
-
-
-
-<div class="center">
-<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
-<tr>
- <td class="tdc" colspan="2">LECTURE I.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdr" colspan="2"><span class="xs">PAGE</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"><small>THE FORCE OF GRAVITATION,</small></td>
- <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdc" colspan="2">LECTURE II.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"><small>GRAVITATION&mdash;COHESION,</small></td>
- <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_44">44</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdc" colspan="2">LECTURE III.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"><small>COHESION&mdash;CHEMICAL AFFINITY,</small></td>
- <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_72">72</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdc" colspan="2">LECTURE IV.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"><small>CHEMICAL AFFINITY&mdash;HEAT,</small></td>
- <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_99">99</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdc" colspan="2">LECTURE V.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"><small>MAGNETISM&mdash;ELECTRICITY,</small></td>
- <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_122">122</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdc" colspan="2">LECTURE VI.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"><small>THE CORRELATION OF THE PHYSICAL FORCES,</small></td>
- <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_147">147</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdc" colspan="2"><hr class="small" /></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"><small>LIGHT-HOUSE ILLUMINATION&mdash;THE ELECTRIC LIGHT,</small></td>
- <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_173">173</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"><small>NOTES,</small></td>
- <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_195">195</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"><small><a href="#Book_Catalogue">Book Catalogue</a></small></td>
-</tr>
-</table></div>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</span></p>
-
-
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</span></p>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-</div><div class="chapter">
-<p class="half-title">THE<br />
-
-VARIOUS FORCES OF NATURE.</p>
-
-
-
-
-<h2 title="THE FORCE OF GRAVITATION.">LECTURE I.<br />
-
-<small>THE FORCE OF GRAVITATION.</small></h2>
-
-
-<p>It grieves me much to think that I may
-have been a cause of disturbance in your
-Christmas arrangements<a id="FNanchor_1_2" href="#Footnote_1_2" class="fnanchor">1</a>, for nothing is more
-satisfactory to my mind than to perform what
-I undertake; but such things are not always
-left in our own power, and we must submit
-to circumstances as they are appointed. I will
-to-day do my best, and will ask you to bear
-with me if I am unable to give more than a
-few words; and as a substitute, I will endeavour
-to make the <i>illustrations</i> of the sense I try to
-express as full as possible; and if we find by
-the end of this lecture that we may be
-justified in continuing them, thinking that next
-week our power shall be greater,&mdash;why, then,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_14">14</span>
-with submission to you, we will take such
-course as you may think fit,&mdash;either to go on,
-or discontinue them; and although I now
-feel much weakened by the pressure of
-illness (a mere cold) upon me, both in facility
-of expression and clearness of thought, I shall
-here claim, as I always have done on these
-occasions, the right of addressing myself to
-the younger members of the audience. And
-for this purpose, therefore, unfitted as it may
-seem for an elderly infirm man to do so, I
-will return to second childhood and become,
-as it were, young again amongst the young.</p>
-
-<p>Let us now consider, for a little while, how
-wonderfully we stand upon this world. Here
-it is we are born, bred, and live, and yet we
-view these things with an almost entire
-absence of wonder to ourselves respecting
-the way in which all this happens. So
-small, indeed, is our wonder, that we are
-never taken by surprise; and I do think
-that, to a young person of ten, fifteen, or
-twenty years of age, perhaps the first sight
-of a cataract or a mountain would occasion
-him more surprise than he had ever felt con<span class="pagenum" id="Page_15">15</span>cerning
-the means of his own existence,&mdash;how
-he came here; how he lives; by what
-means he stands upright; and through what
-means he moves about from place to place.
-Hence, we come into this world, we live, and
-depart from it, without our thoughts being
-called specifically to consider how all this
-takes place; and were it not for the exertions
-of some few inquiring minds, who have looked
-<i>into</i> these things and ascertained the very
-beautiful laws and conditions by which we <i>do</i>
-live and stand upon the earth, we should
-hardly be aware that there was anything
-wonderful in it. These inquiries, which have
-occupied philosophers from the earliest days,
-when they first began to find out the laws by
-which we grow, and exist, and enjoy ourselves,
-up to the present time, have shewn us that all
-this was effected in consequence of the existence
-of certain <i>forces</i>, or <i>abilities</i> to do things, or
-<i>powers</i>, that are so common that nothing can
-be more so; for nothing is commoner than the
-wonderful powers by which we are enabled
-to stand upright&mdash;they are essential to our
-existence every moment.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_16">16</span></p>
-
-<p>It is my purpose to-day to make you acquainted
-with some of these powers; not the
-vital ones, but some of the more elementary,
-and, what we call, <i>physical</i> powers: and, in the
-outset, what can I do to bring to your minds
-a notion of neither more nor less than that
-which I mean by the word <i>power</i>, or <i>force</i>?
-Suppose I take this sheet of paper, and place
-it upright on one edge, resting against a support
-before me (as the roughest possible illustration
-of something to be disturbed), and suppose I
-then pull this piece of string which is attached
-to it. I pull the paper over. I have therefore
-brought into use a <i>power</i> of doing so&mdash;the
-<i>power</i> of my hand carried on through this
-string in a way which is very remarkable when
-we come to analyse it; and it is by means of
-these powers conjointly (for there are several
-powers here employed) that I pull the paper
-over. Again, if I give it a push upon the
-other side, I bring into play a <i>power</i>, but a
-very different exertion of power from the
-former; or, if I take now this bit of shell-lac
-[a stick of shell-lac about 12 inches long and
-1½ in diameter] and rub it with flannel, and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_17">17</span>
-hold it an inch or so in front of the upper
-part of this upright sheet, the paper is immediately
-moved towards the shell-lac, and by
-now drawing the latter away, the paper falls
-over without having been touched by anything.
-You see&mdash;in the first illustration I produced an
-effect than which nothing could be commoner&mdash;I
-pull it over now, not by means of that string
-or the pull of my hand, but by some action
-in the shell-lac. The shell-lac, therefore, has
-a <i>power</i> wherewith it acts upon the sheet of
-paper; and as an illustration of the exercise
-of another kind of power, I might use gunpowder
-with which to throw it over.</p>
-
-<p>Now, I want you to endeavour to comprehend
-that when I am speaking of a <i>power</i> or <i>force</i>,
-I am speaking of that which I used just now
-to pull over this piece of paper. I will not
-embarrass you at present with the <i>name</i> of that
-power, but it is clear there was a <i>something</i> in
-the shell-lac which acted by attraction, and
-pulled the paper over; this, then, is one of
-those things which we call <i>power</i>, or <i>force</i>; and
-you will now be able to recognise it as such
-in whatever form I shew it to you. We are<span class="pagenum" id="Page_18">18</span>
-not to suppose that there are so very many
-different powers; on the contrary, it is wonderful
-to think how few are the powers by which
-all the phenomena of nature are governed.
-There is an illustration of another kind of
-power in that lamp; <i>there</i> is a power of heat&mdash;a
-power of doing something, but not the same
-power as that which pulled the paper over:
-and so, by degrees, we find that there are
-certain other powers (not many) in the various
-bodies around us. And thus, beginning with the
-simplest experiments of pushing and pulling,
-I shall gradually proceed to distinguish these
-powers one from the other, and compare the
-way in which they combine together. This
-world upon which we stand (and we have not
-much need to travel out of the world for
-illustrations of our subject; but the mind of
-man is not confined like the matter of his
-body, and thus he may and does travel outwards;
-for wherever his sight can pierce, there
-his observations can penetrate) is pretty nearly
-a round globe, having its surface disposed in
-a manner of which this terrestrial globe by my
-side is a rough model; so much is land and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_19">19</span>
-so much is water, and by looking at it here
-we see in a sort of map or picture how the
-world is formed upon its surface. Then, when
-we come to examine further, I refer you to
-this sectional diagram of the geological strata
-of the earth, in which there is a more elaborate
-view of what is beneath the surface of our
-globe. And when we come to dig into or
-examine it (as man does for his own instruction
-and advantage, in a variety of ways), we see
-that it is made up of different kinds of matter,
-subject to a very few powers, and all disposed
-in this strange and wonderful way, which gives
-to man a history&mdash;and such a history&mdash;as to
-what there is in those veins, in those rocks,
-the ores, the water springs, the atmosphere
-around, and all varieties of material substances,
-held together by means of <i>forces</i> in one great
-mass, 8,000 miles in diameter, that the mind
-is overwhelmed in contemplation of the wonderful
-history related by these strata (some
-of which are fine and thin like sheets of
-paper),&mdash;all formed in succession by the forces
-of which I have spoken.</p>
-
-<p>I now shall try to help your attention to what<span class="pagenum" id="Page_20">20</span>
-I may say by directing, to-day, our thoughts to
-one kind of power. You see what I mean by
-the term <i>matter</i>&mdash;any of these things that I
-can lay hold of with the hand, or in a bag (for
-I may take hold of the air by enclosing it in
-a bag)&mdash;they are all portions of matter with
-which we have to deal at present, generally or
-particularly, as I may require to illustrate my
-subject. Here is the sort of matter which we
-call <i>water</i>,&mdash;it is <i>there</i> ice [pointing to a block
-of ice upon the table], <i>there</i> water [pointing
-to the water boiling in a flask], <i>here</i> vapour&mdash;you
-see it issuing out from the top [of the
-flask]. Do not suppose that that ice and that
-water are two entirely different things, or that
-the steam rising in bubbles and ascending in
-vapour <i>there</i> is absolutely different from the
-fluid water. It may be different in some particulars,
-having reference to the <i>amounts</i> of
-power which it contains; but it is the same,
-nevertheless, as the great ocean of water around
-our globe, and I employ it here for the sake of
-illustration, because if we look into it we shall
-find that it supplies us with examples of all the
-powers to which I shall have to refer. For in<span class="pagenum" id="Page_21">21</span>stance,
-here is water&mdash;it is heavy; but let us
-examine it with regard to the <i>amount</i> of its
-heaviness, or its gravity. I have before me a
-little glass vessel and scales [nearly equipoised
-scales, one of which contained a half-pint glass
-vessel], and the glass vessel is at present the
-lighter of the two; but if I now take some
-water and pour it in, you see that that side of
-the scales immediately goes down; that shews
-you (using common language, which I will not
-suppose for the present you have hitherto applied
-very strictly) that it is <i>heavy</i>: and if I put
-this additional weight into the opposite scale,
-I should not wonder if this vessel would hold
-water enough to weigh <i>it</i> down. [The Lecturer
-poured more water into the jar, which again
-went down.] Why do I hold the bottle <i>above</i>
-the vessel to pour the water into it? You will
-say, because experience has taught me that it is
-necessary. I do it for a better reason&mdash;because
-it is a law of nature that the water should fall
-towards the earth, and therefore the very means
-which I use to cause the water to enter the
-vessel are those which will carry the whole body
-of water down. That power is what we call<span class="pagenum" id="Page_22">22</span>
-<i>gravity</i>, and you see <i>there</i> [pointing to the
-scales] a good deal of water gravitating towards
-the earth. Now <i>here</i> [exhibiting a small piece
-of platinum<a id="FNanchor_2_3" href="#Footnote_2_3" class="fnanchor">2</a>] is another thing which gravitates
-towards the earth as much as the whole of
-that water. See what a little there is of it&mdash;<i>that</i>
-little thing is heavier than so much water
-[placing the metal in opposite scales to the
-water]. What a wonderful thing it is to see
-that it requires so much water as <i>that</i> [a half-pint
-vessel full] to fall towards the earth, compared
-with the little mass of substance I have
-<i>here</i>! And again, if I take this metal [a bar
-of aluminium<a id="FNanchor_3_4" href="#Footnote_3_4" class="fnanchor">3</a> about eight times the bulk of
-the platinum], we find the water will balance
-that as well as it did the platinum; so that we
-get, even in the very outset, an example of what
-we want to understand by the words <i>forces</i> or
-<i>powers</i>.</p>
-
-<p>I have spoken of water, and first of all of its
-property of falling downwards. You know very
-well how the oceans surround the globe&mdash;how
-they fall round the surface, giving roundness
-to it, clothing it like a garment; but, besides
-that, there are other properties of water. <i>Here</i>,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_23">23</span>
-for instance, is some quick-lime, and if I add
-some water to it, you will find another power
-or property in the water.<a id="FNanchor_4_5" href="#Footnote_4_5" class="fnanchor">4</a> It is now very
-hot, it is steaming up, and I could perhaps light
-phosphorus or a lucifer match with it. Now,
-that could not happen without a <i>force</i> in the
-water to produce the result; but that force is
-entirely distinct from its power of falling to the
-earth. Again, here is another substance [some
-anhydrous sulphate of copper<a id="FNanchor_5_6" href="#Footnote_5_6" class="fnanchor">5</a>] which will
-illustrate another kind of power. [The Lecturer
-here poured some water over the white
-sulphate of copper, which immediately became
-blue, evolving considerable heat at the same
-time.] Here is the same water, with a substance
-which heats nearly as much as the lime does;
-but see how differently. So great indeed is this
-heat in the case of lime, that it is sufficient
-sometimes (as you see here) to set wood on fire;
-and this explains what we have sometimes
-heard, of barges laden with quick-lime taking
-fire in the middle of the river, in consequence
-of this power of heat brought into play by a
-leakage of the water into the barge. You see
-how strangely different subjects for our con<span class="pagenum" id="Page_24">24</span>sideration
-arise, when we come to think over
-these various matters,&mdash;the power of heat
-evolved by acting upon lime with water, and
-the power which water has of turning this salt
-of copper from white to blue.</p>
-
-<p>I want you now to understand the nature
-of the most simple exertion of this power of
-matter called <i>weight</i>, or <i>gravity</i>. Bodies are
-heavy&mdash;you saw that in the case of water when
-I placed it in the balance. Here I have what
-we call a <i>weight</i> [an iron half cwt.]&mdash;a thing
-called a weight, because in it the exercise of
-that power of pressing downwards is especially
-used for the purposes of weighing; and I have
-also one of these little inflated india-rubber
-bladders, which are very beautiful although very
-common (most beautiful things are common),
-and I am going to put the weight upon it, to
-give you a sort of illustration of the downward
-pressure of the iron, and of the power which
-the air possesses of resisting that pressure. It
-may burst, but we must try to avoid that
-[During the last few observations the Lecturer
-had succeeded in placing the half cwt. in a state
-of quiescence upon the inflated india-rubber<span class="pagenum" id="Page_25">25</span>
-ball, which consequently assumed a shape very
-much resembling a flat cheese with round edges.]
-There you see a bubble of air bearing half a
-hundred weight, and you must conceive for
-yourselves what a wonderful <i>power</i> there must
-be to pull this weight downwards, to sink it
-thus in the ball of air.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_001.jpg" width="200" height="215" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 1.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Let me now give you another illustration of
-this power. You know what a pendulum is.
-I have one here (fig. 1), and if I set it swinging,
-it will continue to swing to and fro. Now, I
-wonder whether you can tell me why that body
-oscillates to and fro&mdash;that pendulum bob as it
-is sometimes called. Observe, if I hold the
-straight stick horizontally, as high as the position
-of the balls at the two ends of its journey<span class="pagenum" id="Page_26">26</span>
-you see that the ball is in a higher position at
-the two extremities than it is when in the
-middle. Starting from one end of the stick,
-the ball falls towards the centre; and then
-rising again to the opposite end, it constantly
-tries to fall to the lowest point, swinging and
-vibrating most beautifully, and with wonderful
-properties in other respects&mdash;the time of its
-vibration, and so on&mdash;but concerning which we
-will not now trouble ourselves.</p>
-
-<p>If a gold leaf, or piece of thread, or any
-other substance, were hung where this ball is,
-it would swing to and fro in the same manner,
-and in the same time too. Do not be startled
-at this statement: I repeat, in the same manner
-and in the same time; and you will see by and
-by how this is. Now, that power which caused
-the water to descend in the balance&mdash;which
-made the iron weight press upon and flatten
-the bubble of air&mdash;which caused the swinging to
-and fro of the pendulum,&mdash;that power is entirely
-due to the attraction which there is between
-the falling body and the earth. Let us be slow
-and careful to comprehend this. It is not that
-the earth has any <i>particular</i> attraction towards<span class="pagenum" id="Page_27">27</span>
-bodies which fall to it, but, that <i>all</i> these
-bodies possess an attraction, every one towards
-the other. It is not that the earth has any
-special power which these balls themselves have
-not; for just as much power as the earth has
-to attract these two balls [dropping two ivory
-balls], just so much power have they in proportion
-to their bulks to draw themselves one to
-the other; and the only reason why they fall
-so quickly to the earth is owing to its greater
-size. Now, if I were to place these two balls
-near together, I should not be able, by the most
-delicate arrangement of apparatus, to make you,
-or myself, sensible that these balls did attract
-one another: and yet we know that such is the
-case, because, if instead of taking a small ivory
-ball, we take a mountain, and put a ball like
-this near it, we find that, owing to the vast size
-of the mountain, as compared with the billiard
-ball, the latter is drawn slightly towards it;
-shewing clearly that an attraction <i>does</i> exist,
-just as it did between the shell-lac which I
-rubbed and the piece of paper which was overturned
-by it.</p>
-
-<p>Now, it is not very easy to make these things<span class="pagenum" id="Page_28">28</span>
-quite clear at the outset, and I must take care
-not to leave anything unexplained as I proceed;
-and, therefore, I must make you clearly understand
-that all bodies are attracted to the earth,
-or, to use a more learned term, <i>gravitate</i>. You
-will not mind my using this word; for when I
-say that this penny-piece <i>gravitates</i>, I mean
-nothing more nor less than that it falls towards
-the earth, and if not intercepted, it would go on
-falling, falling, until it arrived at what we call
-the <i>centre of gravity</i> of the earth, which I will
-explain to you by and by.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_002.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 2.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>I want you to understand that this property
-of gravitation is never lost, that every substance
-possesses it, that there is never any change in
-the quantity of it; and, first of all, I will take
-as illustration a piece of marble. Now this
-marble has weight&mdash;as you will see if I put it
-in these scales; it weighs the balance down,
-and if I take it off, the balance goes back again
-and resumes its equilibrium. I can decompose
-this marble and change it, in the same manner
-as I can change ice into water and water into
-steam. I can convert a part of it into <i>its own</i>
-steam easily, and shew you that this steam from<span class="pagenum" id="Page_29">29</span>
-the marble has the property of remaining in the
-same place at common temperatures, which
-<i>water</i>-steam has not. If I add a little liquid to
-the marble, and decompose it<a id="FNanchor_6_7" href="#Footnote_6_7" class="fnanchor">6</a>, I get that
-which you see&mdash;[the Lecturer here put several
-lumps of marble into a glass jar, and poured
-water and then acid over them; the carbonic
-acid immediately commenced to escape with
-considerable effervescence]&mdash;the appearance of
-boiling, which is only the separation of one part
-of the marble from another. Now this [marble]
-steam, and that [water] steam, and all other
-steams <i>gravitate</i>, just like any other substance
-does&mdash;they all are attracted the one towards the
-other, and all fall towards the earth; and what<span class="pagenum" id="Page_30">30</span>
-I want you to see is, that <i>this</i> steam gravitates.
-I have here (fig. 2) a large vessel placed upon
-a balance, and the moment I pour this steam
-into it, you see that the steam gravitates. Just
-watch the index, and see whether it tilts over
-or not. [The Lecturer here poured the carbonic
-acid out of the glass in which it was being
-generated into the vessel suspended on the
-balance, when the gravitation of the carbonic
-acid was at once apparent.] Look how it is
-going down. How pretty that is! I poured
-nothing in but the invisible steam, or vapour,
-or gas which came from the marble, but you see
-that part of the marble, although it has taken
-the shape of air, still gravitates as it did before.
-Now, will it weigh down that bit of paper?
-[Placing a piece of paper in the opposite scale.]
-Yes, more than that; it nearly weighs down
-this bit of paper. [Placing another piece of
-paper in.] And thus you see that <i>other</i> forms
-of matter besides solids and liquids tend to fall
-to the earth; and, therefore, you will accept
-from me the fact&mdash;that <i>all</i> things gravitate,
-whatever may be their form or condition. Now
-<i>here</i> is another chemical test which is very<span class="pagenum" id="Page_31">31</span>
-readily applied. [Some of the carbonic acid
-was poured from one vessel into another, and
-its presence in the latter shewn by introducing
-into it a lighted taper, which was immediately
-extinguished.] You see from this result also
-that it gravitates. All these experiments shew
-you that, tried by the balance, tried by pouring
-like water from one vessel to another, this
-steam, or vapour, or gas, is, like all other things,
-attracted to the earth.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_003_004.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 3. and Fig. 4.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>There is another point I want in the next
-place to draw your attention to. I have here a
-quantity of shot; each of these falls separately,
-and each has its own gravitating power, as you
-perceive when I let them fall loosely on a sheet
-of paper. If I put them into a bottle, I collect
-them together as one mass; and philosophers
-have discovered that there is a certain point in
-the middle of the whole collection of shots that
-may be considered as the <i>one point</i> in which
-all their gravitating power is centred, and that
-point they call the <i>centre of gravity</i>: it is not
-at all a bad name, and rather a short one&mdash;the
-centre of gravity. Now suppose I take a sheet
-of pasteboard, or any other thing easily dealt<span class="pagenum" id="Page_32">32</span>
-with, and run a bradawl through it at one
-corner <span class="smcap lowercase">A</span> (fig. 3), and Mr. Anderson hold that
-up in his hand before us, and I then take a
-piece of thread and an ivory ball, and hang
-that upon the awl&mdash;then the centre of gravity
-of both the pasteboard and the ball and string
-are as near as they can get to the centre of
-the earth; that is to say, the whole of the
-attracting power of the earth is, as it were,
-centred in a single point of the cardboard&mdash;and
-this point is exactly below the point of
-suspension. All I have to do, therefore, is to
-draw a line, <span class="smcap lowercase">A B</span>, corresponding with the string,
-and we shall find that the centre of gravity is<span class="pagenum" id="Page_33">33</span>
-somewhere in that line. But where? To find
-that out, all we have to do is to take another
-place for the awl (fig. 4), hang the plumb-line,
-and make the same experiment, and there [at
-the point <span class="smcap lowercase">C</span>] is the centre of gravity&mdash;there
-where the two lines which I have traced cross
-each other; and if I take that pasteboard, and
-make a hole with the bradawl through it at
-that point, you will see that it will be supported
-in any position in which it may be placed.
-Now, knowing that, what do I do when I try
-to stand upon one leg? Do you not see that I
-push myself over to the left side, and quietly
-take up the right leg, and thus bring some
-central point in my body over this left leg.
-What is that point which I throw over? You
-will know at once that it is the <i>centre of gravity</i>&mdash;that
-point in me where the whole gravitating
-force of my body is centred, and which I thus
-bring in a line over my foot.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_005_006.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 5. and Fig. 6.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Here is a toy I happened to see the other
-day, which will, I think, serve to illustrate our
-subject very well. That toy <i>ought</i> to lie something
-in this manner (fig. 5); and would do
-so if it were uniform in substance. But you<span class="pagenum" id="Page_34">34</span>
-see it does not; it will get up again. And now
-philosophy comes to our aid; and I am perfectly
-sure, without looking inside the figure,
-that there is some arrangement by which the
-centre of gravity is at the lowest point when
-the image is standing upright; and we may be
-certain, when I am tilting it over (see fig. 6),
-that I am lifting up the centre of gravity (<i>a</i>), and
-raising it from the earth. All this is effected by
-putting a piece of lead inside the lower part
-of the image, and making the base of large curvature;
-and there you have the whole secret.
-But what will happen if I try to make the
-figure stand upon a sharp point? You observe,
-I must get that point <i>exactly</i> under the centre
-of gravity, or it will fall over thus [endeavouring
-unsuccessfully to balance it]; and this you see<span class="pagenum" id="Page_35">35</span>
-is a difficult matter&mdash;I cannot make it stand
-steadily. But if I embarrass this poor old lady
-with a world of trouble, and hang this wire
-with bullets at each end about her neck, it is
-very evident that, owing to there being those
-balls of lead hanging down on either side, in
-addition to the lead inside, I have lowered the
-centre of gravity, and now she will stand upon
-this point (fig. 7); and what is more, she proves
-the truth of our philosophy by standing sideways.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_007.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 7.</div>
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_008.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 8.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>I remember an experiment which puzzled<span class="pagenum" id="Page_36">36</span>
-me very much when a boy. I read it in a
-conjuring book, and this was how the problem
-was put to us: “How,” as the book said,
-“how to hang a pail of water, by means of
-a stick, upon the side of a table” (fig. 8).
-Now, I have here a table, a piece of stick,
-and a pail, and the proposition is, how can
-that pail be hung to the edge of this table?
-It is to be done; and can you at all anticipate
-what arrangement I shall make to enable me
-to succeed? Why, this. I take a stick, and
-put it in the pail between the bottom and
-the horizontal piece of wood, and thus give
-it a stiff handle&mdash;and there it is; and what<span class="pagenum" id="Page_37">37</span>
-is more, the more water I put into the pail
-the better it will hang. It is very true that
-before I quite succeeded I had the misfortune
-to push the bottoms of several pails out;
-but here it is hanging firmly (fig. 9), and you
-now see how you can hang up the pail in the
-way which the conjuring books require.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_009.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 9.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Again, if you are really so inclined (and I do
-hope all of you are), you will find a great
-deal of philosophy in this [holding up a cork
-and a pointed thin stick about a foot long].
-Do not refer to your toy-books, and say
-you have seen that before. Answer me rather,
-if I ask you have you <i>understood</i> it before?<span class="pagenum" id="Page_38">38</span>
-It is an experiment which appeared very
-wonderful to me when I was a boy; I used
-to take a piece of cork (and I remember, I
-thought at first that it was very important
-that it should be cut out in the shape of a
-man; but by degrees I got rid of that idea),
-and the problem was to balance it on the
-point of a stick. Now, you will see I have
-only to place two sharp-pointed sticks one
-on each side, and give it wings, thus, and
-you will find this beautiful condition fulfilled.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_010.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 10.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>We come now to another point:&mdash;All bodies,
-whether heavy or light, fall to the earth by
-this force which we call gravity. By obser<span class="pagenum" id="Page_39">39</span>vation,
-moreover, we see that bodies do not
-occupy the same time in falling. I think you
-will be able to see that this piece of paper
-and that ivory ball fall with different velocities
-to the table [dropping them]; and if, again,
-I take a feather and an ivory ball, and let
-them fall, you see they reach the table or
-earth at different times&mdash;that is to say, the
-ball falls faster than the feather. Now, that
-should not be so, for all bodies do fall
-equally fast to the earth. There are one or
-two beautiful points included in that statement.
-First of all, it is manifest that an ounce,
-or a pound, or a ton, or a thousand tons, all
-fall equally fast, no one faster than another:
-here are two balls of lead, a very light one
-and a very heavy one, and you perceive they
-both fall to the earth in the same time. Now,
-if I were to put into a little bag a number
-of these balls sufficient to make up a bulk
-equal to the large one, they would also fall
-in the same time; for if an avalanche fall from
-the mountains, the rocks, snow and ice,
-together falling towards the earth, fall with
-the same velocity, whatever be their size.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_40">40</span></p>
-
-<p>I cannot take a better illustration of this
-than that of gold leaf, because it brings before
-us the reason of this apparent difference in the
-time of the fall. Here is a piece of gold-leaf.
-Now, if I take a lump of gold and
-this gold-leaf, and let them fall through the
-air together, you see that the lump of gold&mdash;the
-sovereign, or coin&mdash;will fall much faster
-than the gold leaf. But why? They are both
-gold, whether sovereign or gold-leaf. Why
-should they not fall to the earth with the same
-quickness? <i>They would do so</i>, but that the air
-around our globe interferes very much where
-we have the piece of gold so extended and
-enlarged as to offer much obstruction on falling
-through it. I will, however, shew you that
-gold-leaf <i>does</i> fall as fast when the resistance
-of the air is excluded&mdash;for if I take a piece
-of gold-leaf and hang it in the centre of a
-bottle, so that the gold, and the bottle, and
-the air within shall all have an equal chance
-of falling, then the gold-leaf will fall as fast
-as anything else. And if I suspend the bottle
-containing the gold-leaf to a string, and set it
-oscillating like a pendulum, I may make it<span class="pagenum" id="Page_41">41</span>
-vibrate as hard as I please, and the gold-leaf
-will not be disturbed, but will swing as steadily
-as a piece of iron would do; and I might even
-swing it round my head with any degree of
-force, and it would remain undisturbed. Or I
-can try another kind of experiment:&mdash;if I raise
-the gold-leaf in this way [pulling the bottle up
-to the ceiling of the theatre by means of a
-cord and pulley, and then suddenly letting it
-fall to within a few inches of the lecture-table],
-and allow it then to fall from the ceiling downwards
-(I will put something beneath to catch
-it, supposing I should be <i>maladroit</i>), you will
-perceive that the gold-leaf is not in the least
-disturbed. The resistance of the air having
-been avoided, the glass bottle and gold-leaf all
-fall exactly in the same time.</p>
-
-<p>Here is another illustration,&mdash;I have hung
-a piece of gold-leaf in the upper part of this
-long glass vessel, and I have the means, by a
-little arrangement at the top, of letting the
-gold-leaf loose. Before we let it loose we will
-remove the air by means of an air pump,
-and while that is being done, let me shew
-you another experiment of the same kind.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_42">42</span>
-Take a penny-piece, or a half-crown, and a
-round piece of paper a trifle smaller in diameter
-than the coin, and try them, side by side, to
-see whether they fall at the same time [dropping
-them]. You see they do not&mdash;the penny-piece
-goes down first. But, now place this paper flat
-on the top of the coin, so that it shall not meet
-with any resistance from the air, and upon <i>then</i>
-dropping them you see they <i>do</i> both fall in
-the same time [exhibiting the effect]. I dare
-say, if I were to put this piece of gold-leaf,
-instead of the paper, on the coin, it would do
-as well. It is very difficult to lay the gold-leaf
-so flat that the air shall not get under it
-and lift it up in falling, and I am rather doubtful
-as to the success of this, because the gold-leaf
-is puckery; but will risk the experiment.
-There they go together! [letting them fall] and
-you see at once that they both reach the table
-at the same moment.</p>
-
-<p>We have now pumped the air out of the
-vessel, and you will perceive that the gold-leaf
-will fall as quickly in this vacuum as the coin
-does in the air. I am now going to let it loose,
-and you must watch to see how rapidly it falls.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_43">43</span>
-There! [letting the gold loose] there it is, falling
-as gold should fall.</p>
-
-<p>I am sorry to see our time for parting is
-drawing so near. As we proceed, I intend to
-write upon the board behind me certain words,
-so as to recall to your minds what we have
-already examined&mdash;and I put the word <span class="smcap">Forces</span>
-as a heading; and I will then add, beneath, the
-names of the special forces according to the
-order in which we consider them: and although
-I fear that I have not sufficiently pointed out
-to you the more important circumstances connected
-with this force of <span class="smcap">Gravitation</span>, especially
-the law which governs its attraction (for
-which, I think, I must take up a little time
-at our next meeting), still I will put that word
-on the board, and hope you will now remember
-that we have in some degree considered the
-<i>force of gravitation</i>&mdash;that force which causes
-all bodies to attract each other when they are
-at sensible distances apart, and tends to draw
-them together.</p>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-</div><div class="chapter">
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_44">44</span></p>
-
-
-
-
-
-<h2 title="GRAVITATION&mdash;COHESION.">LECTURE II.<br />
-
-<small>GRAVITATION&mdash;COHESION.</small></h2>
-
-
-<p>Do me the favour to pay me as much attention
-as you did at our last meeting,
-and I shall not repent of that which I have
-proposed to undertake. It will be impossible
-for us to consider the Laws of Nature, and
-what they effect, unless we now and then give
-our sole attention, so as to obtain a clear idea
-upon the subject. Give me now that attention,
-and then, I trust, we shall not part without your
-knowing something about those Laws, and the
-manner in which they act. You recollect, upon
-the last occasion, I explained that all bodies
-attracted each other, and that this power we
-called <i>gravitation</i>. I told you that when we
-brought these two bodies [two equal sized
-ivory balls suspended by threads] near together,
-they attracted each other, and that
-we might suppose that the whole power of<span class="pagenum" id="Page_45">45</span>
-this attraction was exerted between their
-respective centres of gravity; and furthermore,
-you learned from me, that if, instead of a small
-ball, I took a larger one, like <i>that</i> [changing
-one of the balls for a much larger one],
-there was much more of this attraction exerted;
-or, if I made this ball larger and larger,
-until, if it were possible, it became as large as
-the Earth itself&mdash;or, I might take the Earth
-itself as the large ball&mdash;that <i>then</i> the attraction
-would become so powerful as to cause them
-to rush together in this manner [dropping the
-ivory ball]. You sit <i>there</i> upright, and I stand
-upright <i>here</i>, because we keep our centres of
-gravity properly balanced with respect to the
-earth; and I need not tell you that on the
-other side of this world the people are standing
-and moving about with their feet towards our
-feet, in a reversed position as compared with
-us, and all by means of this power of gravitation
-to the centre of the earth.</p>
-
-<p>I must not, however, leave the subject of
-gravitation, without telling you something about
-its laws and regularity; and first, as regards its
-power with respect to the distance that bodies<span class="pagenum" id="Page_46">46</span>
-are apart. If I take one of these balls and
-place it within an inch of the other, they attract
-each other with a certain power. If I hold it
-at a greater distance off, they attract with
-less power; and if I hold it at a greater distance
-still, their attraction is still less. Now this
-fact is of the greatest consequence; for, knowing
-this law, philosophers have discovered
-most wonderful things. You know that there
-is a planet, Uranus, revolving round the sun
-with us, but eighteen hundred millions of miles
-off; and because there is another planet as
-far off as three thousand millions of miles,
-this law of attraction, or gravitation, still holds
-good&mdash;and philosophers actually discovered this
-latter planet, Neptune, by reason of the effects
-of its attraction at this overwhelming distance.
-Now I want you clearly to understand what
-this law is. They say (and they are right)
-that two bodies attract each other <i>inversely as
-the square of the distance</i>&mdash;a sad jumble of
-words until you understand them; but I think
-we shall soon comprehend what this law is,
-and what is the meaning of the “inverse square
-of the distance.”</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_47">47</span></p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_011.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 11.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>I have here (fig. 11) a lamp <span class="smcap lowercase">A</span>, shining most
-intensely upon this disc, <span class="smcap lowercase">B, C, D</span>; and this light
-acts as a sun by which I can get a shadow from
-this little screen, <span class="smcap lowercase">B F</span> (merely a square piece of
-card), which, as you know, when I place it close
-to the large screen, just shadows as much of
-it as is exactly equal to its own size. But now
-let me take this card <span class="smcap lowercase">E</span>, which is equal to the
-other one in size, and place it midway between
-the lamp and the screen: now look at the size
-of the shadow <span class="smcap lowercase">B D</span>&mdash;it is four times the original
-size. Here, then, comes the “inverse square of
-the distance.” This distance, <span class="smcap lowercase">A E</span>, is <i>one</i>, and
-that distance, <span class="smcap lowercase">A B</span>, is <i>two</i>; but that size <span class="smcap lowercase">E</span> being<span class="pagenum" id="Page_48">48</span>
-<i>one</i>, this size <span class="smcap lowercase">B D</span> of shadow is <i>four</i> instead of
-<i>two</i>, which is the <i>square</i> of the distance; and,
-if I put the screen at one-third of the distance
-from the lamp, the shadow on the large screen
-would be <i>nine</i> times the size. Again, if I hold
-this screen <i>here</i>, at <span class="smcap">B F</span>, a certain amount of
-light falls on it; and if I hold it nearer the
-lamp at <span class="smcap lowercase">E</span>, <i>more</i> light shines upon it. And
-you see at once how much&mdash;exactly the quantity
-which I have shut off from the part of this
-screen, <span class="smcap lowercase">B D</span>, now in shadow; moreover, you see
-that if I put a single screen here, at <span class="smcap lowercase">G</span>, by the
-side of the shadow, it can only receive <i>one-fourth</i>
-of the proportion of light which is
-obstructed. That, then, is what is meant by
-the <i>inverse</i> of the square of the distance. This
-screen <span class="smcap lowercase">E</span> is the brightest, because it is the
-nearest; and there is the whole secret of this
-curious expression, <i>inversely as the square of the
-distance</i>. Now, if you cannot perfectly recollect
-this when you go home, get a candle and throw
-a shadow of something&mdash;your profile, if you like&mdash;on
-the wall, and then recede or advance, and
-you will find that your shadow is exactly in
-proportion to the <i>square</i> of the distance you<span class="pagenum" id="Page_49">49</span>
-are off the wall; and then if you consider how
-much light shines on you at one distance, and
-how much at another, you get the inverse
-accordingly. So it is as regards the attraction
-of these two balls&mdash;they attract according to
-the square of the distance, inversely. I want
-you to try and remember these words, and then
-you will be able to go into all the calculations
-of astronomers as to the planets and other
-bodies, and tell why they move so fast, and
-why they go <i>round</i> the sun without falling into
-it, and be prepared to enter upon many other
-interesting inquiries of the like nature.</p>
-
-<p>Let us now leave this subject which I have
-written upon the board under the word <span class="smcap">Force</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Gravitation</span>&mdash;and
-go a step further. All
-bodies attract each other at sensible distances.
-I shewed you the electric attraction on the last
-occasion (though I did not call it so); that
-attracts at a distance: and in order to make
-our progress a little more gradual, suppose I
-take a few iron particles [dropping some small
-fragments of iron on the table]. There, I have
-already told you that in all cases where bodies
-fall, it is the <i>particles</i> that are attracted. You<span class="pagenum" id="Page_50">50</span>
-may consider these then as separate particles
-magnified, so as to be evident to your sight;
-they are loose from each other&mdash;they all gravitate&mdash;they
-all fall to the earth&mdash;for the force
-of gravitation <i>never</i> fails. Now, I have here
-a centre of power which I will not name at
-present, and when these particles are placed
-upon it, see what an attraction they have for
-each other.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_012.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 12.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Here I have an arch of iron filings (fig. 12)
-regularly built up like an iron bridge, because
-I have put them within a sphere of action which
-will cause them to attract each other. See!&mdash;I
-could let a mouse run through it, and yet if I
-try to do the same thing with them <i>here</i> [on<span class="pagenum" id="Page_51">51</span>
-the table], they do not attract each other at all.
-It is <i>that</i> [the magnet] which makes them hold
-together. Now, just as these iron particles hold
-together in the form of an elliptical bridge, so
-do the different particles of iron which constitute
-this nail hold together and make it one.
-And here is a bar of iron&mdash;why, it is only
-because the different parts of <i>this</i> iron are so
-wrought as to keep close together by the attraction
-<i>between</i> the particles that it is held together
-in one mass. It is kept together, in fact, merely
-by the attraction of one particle to another, and
-that is the point I want now to illustrate. If I
-take a piece of flint and strike it with a hammer,
-and break it thus [breaking off a piece of the
-flint], I have done nothing more than separate
-the particles which compose these two pieces so
-far apart, that their attraction is too weak to
-cause them to hold together, and it is only for
-that reason that there are now two pieces in the
-place of one. I will shew you an experiment
-to prove that this attraction does still exist in
-those particles, for here is a piece of glass (for
-what was true of the flint and the bar of iron
-is true of the piece of glass, and is true of<span class="pagenum" id="Page_52">52</span>
-every other solid&mdash;they are all held together in
-the lump by the attraction between their parts),
-and I can shew you the attraction between its
-separate particles; for if I take these portions
-of glass, which I have reduced to very fine
-powder, you see that I can actually build them
-up into a solid wall by pressure between two
-flat surfaces. The power which I thus have
-of building up this wall is due to the attraction
-of the particles, forming as it were the
-cement which holds them together; and so in
-this case, where I have taken no very great
-pains to bring the particles together, you see
-perhaps a couple of ounces of finely-pounded
-glass standing as an upright wall. Is not this
-attraction most wonderful? <i>That</i> bar of iron
-one inch square has such power of attraction
-in its particles&mdash;giving to it such strength&mdash;that
-it will hold up twenty tons weight before
-the little set of particles in the small space,
-equal to one division across which it can be
-pulled apart, will separate. In this manner
-suspension bridges and chains are held together
-by the attraction of their particles; and I am
-going to make an experiment which will shew<span class="pagenum" id="Page_53">53</span>
-how strong is this attraction of the particles.
-[The Lecturer here placed his foot on a loop
-of wire fastened to a support above, and swung
-with his whole weight resting upon it for some
-moments.] You see while hanging here all
-my weight is supported by these little particles
-of the wire, just as in pantomimes they sometimes
-suspend gentlemen and damsels.</p>
-
-<p>How can we make this attraction of the particles
-a little more simple? There are many
-things which if brought together properly will
-shew this attraction. Here is a boy’s experiment
-(and I like a boy’s experiment). Get a
-tobacco-pipe, fill it with lead, melt it, and then
-pour it out upon a stone, and thus get a clean
-piece of lead (this is a better plan than scraping
-it&mdash;scraping alters the condition of the surface
-of the lead). I have here some pieces of lead
-which I melted this morning for the sake of
-making them clean. Now these pieces of lead
-hang together by the attraction of their particles;
-and if I press these two separate pieces
-close together, so as to bring their particles
-within the sphere of attraction, you will see how
-soon they become one. I have merely to give<span class="pagenum" id="Page_54">54</span>
-them a good squeeze, and draw the upper piece
-slightly round at the same time, and here they
-are as one, and all the bending and twisting
-I can give them will not separate them again:
-I have joined the lead together, not with solder,
-but simply by means of the attraction of the
-particles.</p>
-
-<p>This, however, is not the best way of bringing
-those particles together&mdash;we have many better
-plans than that; and I will shew you one that
-will do very well for juvenile experiments.
-There is some alum crystallised very beautifully
-by nature (for all things are far more beautiful
-in their natural than their artificial form), and
-here I have some of the same alum broken into
-fine powder. In it I have destroyed that force
-of which I have placed the name on this board&mdash;<span class="smcap">Cohesion</span>,
-or the attraction exerted between
-the particles of bodies to hold them together.
-Now I am going to shew you that if we take
-this powdered alum and some hot water, and
-mix them together, I shall dissolve the alum&mdash;all
-the particles will be separated by the water
-far more completely than they are here in the
-powder; but then, being in the water, they will<span class="pagenum" id="Page_55">55</span>
-have the opportunity as it cools (for that is
-the condition which favours their coalescence)
-of uniting together again and forming one
-mass.<a id="FNanchor_7_8" href="#Footnote_7_8" class="fnanchor">7</a></p>
-
-<p>Now, having brought the alum into solution,
-I will pour it into this glass basin, and you will,
-to-morrow, find that those particles of alum
-which I have put into the water, and so separated
-that they are no longer solid, will, as the water
-cools, come together and cohere, and by to-morrow
-morning we shall have a great deal of
-the alum crystallised out&mdash;that is to say, come
-back to the solid form. [The Lecturer here
-poured a little of the hot solution of alum into
-the glass dish, and when the latter had thus
-been made warm, the remainder of the solution
-was added.] I am now doing that which I advise
-you to do if you use a glass vessel, namely,
-warming it slowly and gradually; and in repeating
-this experiment, do as I do&mdash;pour the liquid
-out gently, leaving all the dirt behind in the
-basin: and remember that the more carefully
-and quietly you make this experiment at home,
-the better the crystals. To-morrow you will
-see the particles of alum drawn together; and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_56">56</span>
-if I put two pieces of coke in some part of the
-solution (the coke ought first to be washed very
-clean, and dried), you will find to-morrow that
-we shall have a beautiful crystallisation over
-the coke, making it exactly resemble a natural
-mineral.</p>
-
-<p>Now, how curiously our ideas expand by
-watching these conditions of the attraction of
-cohesion!&mdash;how many new phenomena it gives
-us beyond those of the attraction of gravitation!
-See how it gives us great strength. The things
-we deal with in building up the structures on
-the earth are of strength (we use iron, stone,
-and other things of great strength); and only
-think that all those structures you have about
-you&mdash;think of the “Great Eastern,” if you please,
-which is of such size and power as to be almost
-more than man can manage&mdash;are the result of
-this power of cohesion and attraction.</p>
-
-<p>I have here a body in which I believe you
-will see a change taking place in its condition
-of cohesion at the moment it is made. It is at
-first yellow, it then becomes a fine crimson red.
-Just watch when I pour these two liquids
-together&mdash;both colourless as water. [The<span class="pagenum" id="Page_57">57</span>
-Lecturer here mixed together solutions of perchloride
-of mercury and iodide of potassium,
-when a yellow precipitate of biniodide of mercury
-fell down, which almost immediately became
-crimson red.] Now, there is a substance which
-is very beautiful, but see how it is changing
-colour. It was reddish-yellow at first, but it
-has now become red.<a id="FNanchor_8_9" href="#Footnote_8_9" class="fnanchor">8</a> I have previously prepared
-a little of this red substance, which you see
-formed in the liquid, and have put some of it
-upon paper. [Exhibiting several sheets of paper
-coated with scarlet biniodide of mercury.<a id="FNanchor_9_10" href="#Footnote_9_10" class="fnanchor">9</a>]
-There it is&mdash;the same substance spread upon
-paper; and there, too, is the same substance; and
-here is some more of it [exhibiting a piece of
-paper as large as the other sheets, but having
-only very little red colour on it, the greater
-part being yellow], a <i>little</i> more of it, you will
-say. Do not be mistaken; there is as much
-upon the surface of one of these pieces of paper
-as upon the other. What you see yellow is
-the same thing as the red body, only the attraction
-of cohesion is in a certain degree changed;
-for I will take this red body, and apply heat to
-it (you may perhaps see a little smoke arise,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_58">58</span>
-but that is of no consequence), and if you look
-at it, it will first of all darken&mdash;but see, how it
-is becoming yellow. I have now made it all
-yellow, and what is more, it will remain so; but
-if I take any hard substance, and rub the yellow
-part with it, it will immediately go back again
-to the red condition. [Exhibiting the experiment.]
-There it is. You see the red is not
-<i>put back</i>, but <i>brought back</i> by the change in
-the substance. Now [warming it over the spirit
-lamp] here it is becoming yellow again, and
-that is all because its attraction of cohesion
-is changed. And what will you say to me
-when I tell you that this piece of common charcoal
-is just the same thing, only differently
-calesced, as the diamonds which you wear?
-(I have put a specimen outside of a piece of
-straw which was charred in a particular way&mdash;it
-is just like black lead.) Now, this charred
-straw, this charcoal, and these diamonds, are
-all of them the same substance, changed but
-in their properties as respects the force of
-cohesion.</p>
-
-<p>Here is a piece of glass [producing a piece of
-plate-glass about two inches square]&mdash;(I shall<span class="pagenum" id="Page_59">59</span>
-want this afterwards to look to and examine
-its internal condition)&mdash;and here is some of the
-same sort of glass differing only in its power of
-cohesion, because while yet melted it has been
-dropped into cold water [exhibiting a “Prince
-Rupert’s drop”.<a id="FNanchor_10_11" href="#Footnote_10_11" class="fnanchor">10</a> (fig. 13)];
-and if I take one
-of these little tear-like pieces and break off
-ever so little from the point, the whole will at
-once burst and fall to pieces. I will now break
-off a piece of this. [The Lecturer nipped off a
-small piece from the end of one of the Rupert’s
-drops, whereupon the whole immediately fell
-to pieces.] There! you see the solid glass has
-suddenly become powder&mdash;and more than that,
-it has knocked a hole in the glass vessel in
-which it was held. I can shew the effect
-better in this bottle of water; and it is very
-likely the whole bottle will go. [A 6-oz. vial
-was filled with water, and a Rupert’s drop
-placed in it, with the point of the tail just projecting
-out; upon breaking the tip off, the drop
-burst, and the shock being transmitted through
-the water to the sides of the bottle, shattered
-the latter to pieces.]</p>
-
-<p>Here is another form of the same kind of<span class="pagenum" id="Page_60">60</span>
-experiment. I have here some more glass which
-has not been annealed [showing some thick
-glass vessels<a id="FNanchor_11_12" href="#Footnote_11_12" class="fnanchor">11</a> (fig. 14)], and if I take one of
-these glass vessels and drop a piece of pounded
-glass into it (or I will take some of these small
-pieces of rock crystal&mdash;they have the advantage
-of being harder than glass), and so make the
-least scratch upon the inside, the whole bottle
-will break to pieces,&mdash;it cannot hold together.
-[The Lecturer here dropped a small fragment
-of rock crystal into one of these glass vessels,
-when the bottom immediately came out and fell
-upon the plate.] There! it goes through, just as
-it would through a sieve.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_013_014.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 13. and Fig. 14.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Now, I have shewn you these things for the
-purpose of bringing your minds to see that
-bodies are not merely held together by this<span class="pagenum" id="Page_61">61</span>
-power of cohesion, but that they are held together
-in very curious ways. And suppose I
-take some things that are held together by this
-force, and examine them more minutely. I
-will first take a bit of glass, and if I give it
-a blow with a hammer, I shall just break it to
-pieces. You saw how it was in the case of the
-flint when I broke the piece off; a piece of a
-similar kind would come off, just as you would
-expect; and if I were to break it up still more,
-it would be as you have seen, simply a collection
-of small particles of no definite shape or
-form. But supposing I take some other thing,
-this stone for instance (fig. 15) [taking a piece
-of mica<a id="FNanchor_12_13" href="#Footnote_12_13" class="fnanchor">12</a>], and if I hammer this stone, I may
-batter it a great deal before I can break it
-up. I may even bend it without breaking it;
-that is to say, I may bend it in <i>one particular
-direction</i> without breaking it much, although I
-feel in my hands that I am doing it some injury.
-But now, if I take it by the edges, I find
-that it breaks up into leaf after leaf in a most
-extraordinary manner. Why should it break up
-like that? Not because all stones do, or all
-crystals; for there is some salt (fig. 16)&mdash;you<span class="pagenum" id="Page_62">62</span>
-know what common salt is<a id="FNanchor_13_14" href="#Footnote_13_14" class="fnanchor">13</a>: here is a piece
-of this salt which by natural circumstances has
-had its particles so brought together that they
-have been allowed free opportunity of combining
-or coalescing; and you shall see what
-happens if I take this piece of salt and break
-it. It does not break as flint did, or as the
-mica did, but with a clean sharp angle and exact
-surfaces, beautiful and glittering as diamonds
-[breaking it by gentle blows with a hammer];
-there is a square prism which I may break
-up into a square cube. You see these fragments
-are all square&mdash;one side may be longer
-than the other, but they will only split up so as
-to form square or oblong pieces with cubical
-sides. Now, I go a little further, and I find
-another stone (fig. 17) [Iceland, or calc-spar]<a id="FNanchor_14_15" href="#Footnote_14_15" class="fnanchor">14</a>,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_63">63</span>
-which I may break in a similar way, but <i>not</i>
-with the same result. Here is a piece which I
-have broken off, and you see there are plain
-surfaces perfectly regular with respect to each
-other; but it is not cubical&mdash;it is what we call
-a rhomboid. It still breaks in three directions
-most beautifully and regularly, with polished
-surfaces, but with <i>sloping</i> sides, not like the
-salt. Why not? It is very manifest that this
-is owing to the attraction of the particles, one
-for the other, being less in the direction in
-which they give way than in other directions.
-I have on the table before me a number of
-little bits of calcareous spar, and I recommend
-each of you to take a piece home, and then
-you can take a knife and try to divide it in the
-direction of any of the surfaces already existing.
-You will be able to do it at once; but if you
-try to cut it <i>across</i> the crystals, you cannot&mdash;by
-hammering, you may bruise and break it up&mdash;but
-you can only divide it into these beautiful
-little rhomboids.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_015_016_017.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 15., Fig. 16. and Fig. 17.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Now I want you to understand a little more
-how this is&mdash;and for this purpose I am going
-to use the electric light again. You see, we<span class="pagenum" id="Page_64">64</span>
-cannot look into the <i>middle</i> of a body like this
-piece of glass. We perceive the outside form,
-and the inside form, and we look <i>through</i> it;
-but we cannot well find out how these forms
-become so: and I want you, therefore, to take
-a lesson in the way in which we use a ray of
-light for the purpose of seeing what is in the
-interior of bodies. Light is a thing which is,
-so to say, attracted by every substance that
-gravitates (and we do not know anything that
-does not). All matter affects light more or
-less by what we may consider as a kind of
-attraction, and I have arranged (fig. 18) a very
-simple experiment upon the floor of the room
-for the purpose of illustrating this. I have put
-into that basin a few things which those who
-are in the body of the theatre will not be able
-to see, and I am going to make use of this
-power, which matter possesses, of attracting a
-ray of light. If Mr. Anderson pours some
-water, gently and steadily, into the basin, the
-water will attract the rays of light downwards,
-and the piece of silver and the sealing-wax
-will appear to rise up into the sight of those
-who were before not high enough to see over<span class="pagenum" id="Page_65">65</span>
-the side of the basin to its bottom. [Mr. Anderson
-here poured water into the basin, and upon
-the Lecturer asking whether any body could
-see the silver and sealing-wax, he was answered
-by a general affirmative.] Now, I suppose that
-everybody can see that they are not at all disturbed,
-whilst from the way they appear to have
-risen up, you would imagine the bottom of the
-basin and the articles in it were two inches
-thick, although they are only one of our small
-silver dishes and a piece of sealing-wax which
-I have put there. The light which now goes
-to you from that piece of silver was obstructed
-by the edge of the basin, when there was no
-water there, and you were unable to see anything
-of it; but when we poured in water, the
-rays were attracted down by it, over the edge<span class="pagenum" id="Page_66">66</span>
-of the basin, and you were thus enabled to see
-the articles at the bottom.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_018.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 18.</div>
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 450px;">
-<img src="images/fig_019.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 19.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>I have shewn you this experiment first, so
-that you might understand how glass attracts
-light, and might then see how other substances,
-like rock-salt and calcareous spar, mica, and
-other stones, would affect the light; and, if
-Dr. Tyndall will be good enough to let us use
-his light again, we will first of all shew you
-how it may be bent by a piece of glass (fig. 19).
-[The electric lamp was again lit, and the beam
-of parallel rays of light which it emitted was
-bent about and decomposed by means of the
-prism.] Now, here you see, if I send the
-light through this piece of plain glass, <span class="smcap lowercase">A</span>, it
-goes straight through, without being bent,
-unless the glass be held obliquely, and then
-the phenomenon becomes more complicated;<span class="pagenum" id="Page_67">67</span>
-but if I take this piece of glass, <span class="smcap lowercase">B</span> [a prism],
-you see it will shew a very different effect. It
-no longer goes to that wall, but it is bent to
-this screen, <span class="smcap lowercase">C</span>; and how much more beautiful it
-is now [throwing the prismatic spectrum on the
-screen]. This ray of light is bent out of its
-course by the attraction of the glass upon it.
-And you see I can turn and twist the rays to
-and fro, in different parts of the room, just as
-I please. Now it goes there, now here. [The
-Lecturer projected the prismatic spectrum about
-the theatre.] Here I have the rays once more
-bent on to the screen, and you see how wonderfully
-and beautifully that piece of glass not
-only bends the light by virtue of its attraction,
-but actually splits it up into different colours.
-Now, I want you to understand that this piece
-of glass [the prism] being perfectly uniform in
-its internal structure, tells us about the action
-of these other bodies which are not uniform&mdash;which
-do not merely <i>cohere</i>, but also have
-within them, in different parts, different <i>degrees
-of cohesion</i>, and thus attract and bend the light
-with varying powers. We will now let the
-light pass through one or two of these things<span class="pagenum" id="Page_68">68</span>
-which I just now shewed you broke so
-curiously; and, first of all, I will take a
-piece of mica. Here, you see, is our ray of
-light. We have first to make it what we call
-<i>polarised</i>; but about that you need not trouble
-yourselves&mdash;it is only to make our illustration
-more clear. Here, then, we have our polarised
-ray of light, and I can so adjust it as to make
-the screen upon which it is shining either
-light or dark, although I have nothing in the
-course of this ray of light but what is perfectly
-transparent [turning the <i>analyser</i> round]. I
-will now make it so that it is quite dark; and
-we will, in the first instance, put a piece of
-common glass into the polarised ray, so as to
-shew you that it does not enable the light to
-get through. You see the screen remains
-dark. The glass then, internally, has no effect
-upon the light. [The glass was removed, and
-a piece of mica introduced.] Now, there is the
-mica which we split up so curiously into leaf
-after leaf, and see how that enables the light
-to pass through to the screen, and how, as
-Dr. Tyndall turns it round in his hand, you
-have those different colours, pink, and purple,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_69">69</span>
-and green, coming and going most beautifully&mdash;not
-that the mica is more transparent than
-the glass, but because of the different manner
-in which its particles are arranged by the force
-of cohesion.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_020.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 20.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Now we will see how calcareous spar acts
-upon this light,&mdash;that stone which split up
-into rhombs, and of which you are each of
-you going to take a little piece home. [The
-mica was removed, and a piece of calc-spar
-introduced at <span class="smcap lowercase">A</span>.] See how that turns the light
-round and round, and produces these rings and
-that black cross (fig. 20). Look at those
-colours&mdash;are they not most beautiful for you
-and for me?&mdash;for I enjoy these things as much
-as you do. In what a wonderful manner they<span class="pagenum" id="Page_70">70</span>
-open out to us the internal arrangement of the
-particles of this calcareous spar by the force of
-cohesion.</p>
-
-<p>And now I will shew you another experiment.
-Here is that piece of glass which before
-had no action upon the light. You shall see
-what it will do when we apply pressure to it.
-Here, then, we have our ray of polarised light,
-and I will first of all shew you that the glass
-has no effect upon it in its ordinary state,&mdash;when
-I place it in the course of the light, the
-screen still remains dark. Now, Dr. Tyndall
-will press that bit of glass between three little
-points, one point against two, so as to bring a
-strain upon the parts, and you will see what
-a curious effect that has. [Upon the screen
-two white dots gradually appeared.] Ah! these
-points shew the position of the strain&mdash;in these
-parts the force of cohesion is being exerted in
-a different degree to what it is in the other
-parts, and hence it allows the light to pass
-through. How beautiful that is&mdash;how it makes
-the light come through some parts, and leaves
-it dark in others, and all because we weaken the
-force of cohesion between particle and particle.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_71">71</span>
-Whether you have this mechanical power of
-straining, or whether we take other means, we
-get the same result; and, indeed, I will shew
-you by another experiment that if we heat the
-glass in one part, it will alter its internal structure,
-and produce a similar effect. Here is a
-piece of common glass, and if I insert this in
-the path of the polarised ray, I believe it will
-do nothing. There is the common glass [introducing
-it]&mdash;no light passes through&mdash;the screen
-remains quite dark; but I am going to warm
-this glass in the lamp, and you know yourselves
-that when you pour warm water upon glass you
-put a strain upon it sufficient to break it sometimes&mdash;something
-like there was in the case
-of the Prince Rupert’s drops. [The glass was
-warmed in the spirit-lamp, and again placed
-across the ray of light.] Now you see how
-beautifully the light goes through those parts
-which are hot, making dark and light lines
-just as the crystal did, and all because of the
-alteration I have effected in its internal condition;
-for these dark and light parts are a proof
-of the presence of forces acting and dragging
-in different directions within the solid mass.</p>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-</div><div class="chapter">
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_72">72</span></p>
-
-
-
-
-
-<h2 title="COHESION&mdash;CHEMICAL AFFINITY.">LECTURE III.<br />
-
-<small>COHESION&mdash;CHEMICAL AFFINITY.</small></h2>
-
-
-<p>We will first return for a few minutes to
-one of the experiments made yesterday.
-You remember what we put together on that
-occasion&mdash;powdered alum and warm water;
-here is one of the basins then used. Nothing
-has been done to it since; but you will find on
-examining it, that it no longer contains any
-powder, but a multitude of beautiful crystals.
-Here also are the pieces of coke which I put
-into the other basin&mdash;they have a fine mass of
-crystals about them. That other basin I will
-leave as it is. I will not pour the water from it,
-because it will shew you that the particles of
-alum have done something more than merely
-crystallise together. They have pushed the
-dirty matter from them, laying it around the
-outside or outer edge of the lower crystals&mdash;squeezed
-out as it were by the strong attrac<span class="pagenum" id="Page_73">73</span>tion
-which the particles of alum have for each
-other.</p>
-
-<p>And now for another experiment. We have
-already gained a knowledge of the manner in
-which the particles of bodies&mdash;of solid bodies&mdash;attract
-each other, and we have learnt that
-it makes calcareous spar, alum, and so forth,
-crystallise in these regular forms. Now, let me
-gradually lead your minds to a knowledge of
-the means we possess of making this attraction
-alter a little in its force; either of increasing,
-or diminishing, or apparently of destroying it
-altogether. I will take this piece of iron [a
-rod of iron about two feet long, and a quarter
-of an inch in diameter], it has at present a
-great deal of strength, due to its attraction of
-cohesion; but if Mr. Anderson will make part
-of this red-hot in the fire, we shall then find
-that it will become soft, just as sealing-wax will
-when heated, and we shall also find that the
-more it is heated the softer it becomes. Ah!
-but what does <i>soft</i> mean? Why, that the
-attraction between the particles is so weakened
-that it is no longer sufficient to resist the
-power we bring to bear upon it. [Mr. Anderson<span class="pagenum" id="Page_74">74</span>
-handed to the Lecturer the iron rod, with one
-end red-hot, which he shewed could be easily
-twisted about with a pair of pliers.] You see,
-I now find no difficulty in bending this end
-about as I like; whereas I cannot bend the
-cold part at all. And you know how the
-smith takes a piece of iron and heats it, in
-order to render it soft for his purpose: he acts
-upon our principle of lessening the adhesion
-of the particles, although he is not exactly
-acquainted with the terms by which we express
-it.</p>
-
-<p>And now we have another point to examine;
-and this water is again a very good substance to
-take as an illustration (as philosophers we call
-it all water, even though it be in the form of
-ice or steam). Why is this water hard? [pointing
-to a block of ice] because the attraction of
-the particles to each other is sufficient to make
-them retain their places in opposition to force
-applied to it. But what happens when we
-make the ice warm? Why, in that case we
-diminish to such a large extent the power of
-attraction that the solid substance is destroyed
-altogether. Let me illustrate this: I will take<span class="pagenum" id="Page_75">75</span>
-a red-hot ball of iron [Mr. Anderson, by means
-of a pair of tongs, handed to the Lecturer a red-hot
-ball of iron, about two inches in diameter],
-because it will serve as a convenient source of
-heat [placing the red-hot iron in the centre of
-the block of ice]. You see I am now melting
-the ice where the iron touches it. You see the
-iron sinking into it, and while part of the solid
-water is becoming liquid, the heat of the ball
-is rapidly going off. A certain part of the
-water is actually rising in steam&mdash;the attraction
-of some of the particles is so much diminished
-that they cannot even hold together in the
-liquid form, but escape as vapour. At the
-same time, you see I cannot melt all this ice
-by the heat contained in this ball. In the
-course of a very short time I shall find it will
-have become quite cold.</p>
-
-<p>Here is the water which we have produced
-by destroying some of the attraction which
-existed between the particles of the ice,&mdash;for
-below a certain temperature the particles of
-water increase in their mutual attraction, and
-become ice; and above a certain temperature
-the attraction decreases, and the water becomes<span class="pagenum" id="Page_76">76</span>
-steam. And exactly the same thing happens
-with platinum, and nearly every substance in
-nature; if the temperature is increased to a
-certain point, it becomes liquid, and a further
-increase converts it into a gas. Is it not a
-glorious thing for us to look at the sea, the
-rivers, and so forth, and to know that this same
-body in the northern regions is all solid ice and
-icebergs, while here, in a warmer climate, it has
-its attraction of cohesion so much diminished
-as to be liquid water. Well, in diminishing
-this force of attraction between the particles of
-ice, we made use of another force, namely, that
-of <i>heat</i>; and I want you now to understand that
-this force of heat is always concerned when
-water passes from the solid to the liquid state.
-If I melt ice in <i>other</i> ways, I cannot do without
-heat (for we have the means of making ice
-liquid without heat; that is to say, without
-using heat as a <i>direct</i> cause). Suppose, for
-illustration, I make a vessel out of this piece of
-tinfoil [bending the foil up into the shape of
-a dish]. I am making it metallic, because I
-want the heat which I am about to deal with
-to pass readily through it; and I am going<span class="pagenum" id="Page_77">77</span>
-to pour a little water on this board, and then
-place the tin vessel on it. Now if I put some
-of this ice into the metal dish, and then proceed
-to make it liquid by any of the various
-means we have at our command, it still must
-take the necessary quantity of heat from something,
-and in this case it will take the heat from
-the tray, and from the water underneath, and
-from the other things round about. Well, a
-little salt added to the ice has the power of
-causing it to melt, and we shall very shortly see
-the mixture become quite fluid, and you will
-then find that the water beneath will be frozen&mdash;frozen,
-because it has been forced to give up
-that heat which is necessary to keep it in the
-liquid state, to the ice on becoming liquid. I
-remember once, when I was a boy, hearing of
-a trick in a country alehouse; the point was
-how to melt ice in a quart-pot by the fire, and
-freeze it to the stool. Well, the way they did
-it was this: they put some pounded ice in a
-pewter pot and added some salt to it, and the
-consequence was, that when the salt was mixed
-with it, the ice in the pot melted (they did
-not tell me anything about the salt, and they<span class="pagenum" id="Page_78">78</span>
-set the pot by the fire, just to make the result
-more mysterious), and in a short time the pot
-and the stool were frozen together, as we shall
-very shortly find it to be the case here. And
-all because salt has the power of lessening the
-attraction between the particles of ice. Here
-you see the tin dish is frozen to the board&mdash;I
-can even lift this little stool up by it.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_021.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 21.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>This experiment cannot, I think, fail to impress
-upon your minds the fact, that whenever
-a solid body loses some of that force of attraction
-by means of which it remains solid, heat is
-absorbed; and if, on the other hand, we convert
-a liquid into a solid, <i>e.g.</i>, water into ice, a corresponding
-amount of heat is given out. I
-have an experiment shewing this to be the case.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_79">79</span>
-Here (fig. 21) is a bulb, <span class="smcap lowercase">A</span>, filled with air, the
-tube from which dips into some coloured liquid
-in the vessel <span class="smcap lowercase">B</span>. And I dare say you know
-that if I put my hand on the bulb <span class="smcap lowercase">A</span>, and warm
-it, the coloured liquid which is now standing
-in the tube at <span class="smcap lowercase">C</span> will travel forward. Now we
-have discovered a means, by great care and
-research into the properties of various bodies,
-of preparing a solution of a salt<a id="FNanchor_15_16" href="#Footnote_15_16" class="fnanchor">15</a> which, if
-shaken or disturbed, will at once become a
-solid; and as I explained to you just now (for
-what is true of water is true of every other
-liquid), by reason of its becoming solid, heat is
-evolved, and I can make this evident to you
-by pouring it over this bulb;&mdash;there! it is becoming
-solid, and look at the coloured liquid,
-how it is being driven down the tube, and how
-it is bubbling out through the water at the
-end; and so we learn this beautiful law of our
-philosophy, that whenever we diminish the
-attraction of cohesion, we absorb heat&mdash;and
-whenever we increase that attraction, heat is
-evolved. This, then, is a great step in advance,
-for you have learned a great deal in addition
-to the mere circumstance that particles attract<span class="pagenum" id="Page_80">80</span>
-each other. But you must not now suppose that
-because they are liquid they have lost their
-attraction of cohesion; for here is the fluid
-mercury, and if I pour it from one vessel into
-another, I find that it will form a stream from
-the bottle down to the glass&mdash;a continuous rod
-of fluid mercury, the particles of which have
-attraction sufficient to make them hold together
-all the way through the air down to the glass
-itself; and if I pour water quietly from a jug,
-I can cause it to run in a continuous stream
-in the same manner. Again, let me put a little
-water on this piece of plate-glass, and then
-take another plate of glass and put it on the
-water; there! the upper plate is quite free to
-move, gliding about on the lower one from side
-to side; and yet, if I take hold of the upper
-plate and lift it up straight, the cohesion is so
-great that the lower one is held up by it. See
-how it runs about as I move the upper one! and
-this is all owing to the strong attraction of the
-particles of the water. Let me shew you
-another experiment. If I take a little soap and
-water&mdash;not that the soap makes the particles
-of the water more adhesive one for the other<span class="pagenum" id="Page_81">81</span>
-but it certainly has the power of continuing in
-a better manner the attraction of the particles
-(and let me advise you, when about to experiment
-with soap-bubbles, to take care to have
-everything clean and soapy). I will now blow
-a bubble; and that I may be able to talk and
-blow a bubble too, I will take a plate with a
-little of the soapsuds in it, and will just soap
-the edges of the pipe, and blow a bubble on to
-the plate. Now, there is our bubble. Why
-does it hold together in this manner? Why,
-because the water of which it is composed has
-an attraction of particle for particle,&mdash;so great,
-indeed, that it gives to this bubble the very
-power of an india-rubber ball; for you see, if I
-introduce one end of this glass tube into the
-bubble, that it has the power of contracting so
-powerfully as to force enough air through the
-tube to blow out a light (fig. 22)&mdash;the light is
-blown out. And look! see how the bubble is
-disappearing, see how it is getting smaller and
-smaller.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_022_023.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 22. and Fig. 23.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>There are twenty other experiments I might
-shew you to illustrate this power of cohesion of
-the particles of liquids. For instance, what<span class="pagenum" id="Page_82">82</span>
-would you propose to me if, having lost the
-stopper out of this alcohol bottle, I should want
-to close it speedily with something near at hand.
-Well, a bit of paper would not do, but a piece
-of linen cloth would, or some of this cotton
-wool which I have here. I will put a tuft of it
-into the neck of the alcohol bottle, and you see,
-when I turn it upside down, that it is perfectly
-well stoppered, so far as the alcohol is concerned;
-the air can pass through, but the alcohol cannot.
-And if I were to take an oil vessel, this plan
-would do equally well, for in former times they
-used to send us oil from Italy in flasks stoppered
-only with cotton wool (at the present time
-the cotton is put in after the oil has arrived
-here, but formerly it used to be sent so stoppered).
-Now, if it were not for the particles of
-liquid cohering together, this alcohol would run<span class="pagenum" id="Page_83">83</span>
-out; and if I had time, I could have shewn you
-a vessel with the top, bottom, and sides altogether
-formed like a sieve, and yet it would hold
-water, owing to this cohesion.</p>
-
-<p>You have now seen that the solid water can
-become fluid by the addition of heat, owing to
-this lessening the attractive force between its
-particles, and yet you see that there is a good
-deal of attractive force remaining behind. I
-want now to take you another step beyond.
-We saw that if we continued applying heat to
-the water (as indeed happened with our piece
-of ice here), that we did at last break up that
-attraction which holds the liquid together; and
-I am about to take some ether (any other liquid
-would do, but ether makes a better experiment
-for my purpose), in order to illustrate what will
-happen when this cohesion is broken up. Now,
-this liquid ether, if exposed to a very low temperature,
-will become a solid; but if we apply
-heat to it, it becomes vapour, and I want to
-shew you the enormous bulk of the substance in
-this new form&mdash;when we make ice into water,
-we lessen its bulk, but when we convert water
-into steam, we increase it to an enormous ex<span class="pagenum" id="Page_84">84</span>tent.
-You see it is very clear that as I apply
-heat to the liquid I diminish its attraction of
-cohesion&mdash;it is now boiling, and I will set fire
-to the vapour, so that you may be enabled to
-judge of the space occupied by the ether in this
-form by the size of its flame, and you now see
-what an enormously bulky flame I get from
-that small volume of ether below. The heat
-from the spirit-lamp is now being consumed,
-not in making the ether any warmer, but in
-converting it into vapour; and if I desired to
-catch this vapour and condense it (as I could
-without much difficulty), I should have to do
-the same as if I wished to convert steam into
-water and water into ice: in either case it would
-be necessary to increase the attraction of the
-particles, by cold or otherwise. So largely is
-the bulk occupied by the particles increased by
-giving them this diminished attraction, that if
-I were to take a portion of water a cubic inch in
-bulk (<span class="smcap lowercase">A</span>, fig. 23) I should produce a volume of
-steam of that size, <span class="smcap lowercase">B</span> [1700 cubic inches; nearly
-a cubic foot], so greatly is the attraction of
-cohesion diminished by heat; and yet it still
-remains water. You can easily imagine the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_85">85</span>
-consequences which are due to this change in
-volume by heat&mdash;the mighty powers of steam
-and the tremendous explosions which are sometimes
-produced by this force of water. I want
-you now to see another experiment, which will
-perhaps give you a better illustration of the bulk
-occupied by a body when in the state of vapour.
-Here is a substance which we call iodine, and I
-am about to submit this solid body to the same
-kind of condition as regards heat that I did
-the water and the ether [putting a few grains of
-iodine into a hot glass globe, which immediately
-became filled with the violet vapour], and you
-see the same kind of change produced. Moreover,
-it gives us the opportunity of observing
-how beautiful is the violet-coloured vapour from
-this black substance, or rather the mixture of
-the vapour with air (for I would not wish you
-to understand that this globe is entirely filled
-with the vapour of iodine).</p>
-
-<p>If I had taken mercury and converted it into
-vapour (as I could easily do), I should have a
-perfectly colourless vapour; for you must understand
-this about vapours, that bodies in what
-we call the vaporous, or the gaseous state, are<span class="pagenum" id="Page_86">86</span>
-always perfectly transparent, never cloudy or
-smoky: they are, however, often coloured, and
-we can frequently have coloured vapours or
-gases produced by colourless particles themselves
-mixing together, as in this case [the Lecturer
-here inverted a glass cylinder full of binoxide of
-nitrogen<a id="FNanchor_16_17" href="#Footnote_16_17" class="fnanchor">16</a> over a cylinder of oxygen, when the
-dark-red vapour of hypo-nitrous acid was produced].
-Here also you see a very excellent
-illustration of the effect of a power of nature
-which we have not as yet come to, but which
-stands next on our list&mdash;<span class="smcap">Chemical Affinity</span>.
-And thus you see we can have a violet vapour
-or an orange vapour, and different other kinds
-of vapour; but they are always perfectly transparent,
-or else they would cease to be vapours.</p>
-
-<p>I am now going to lead you a step beyond
-this consideration of the attraction of the particles
-for each other. You see we have come to
-understand that, if we take water as an illustration,
-whether it be ice, or water, or steam, it is
-always to be considered by us as water. Well,
-now prepare your minds to go a little deeper
-into the subject. We have means of searching
-into the constitution of water beyond any that<span class="pagenum" id="Page_87">87</span>
-are afforded us by the action of heat, and
-among these one of the most important is that
-force which we call voltaic electricity, which we
-used at our last meeting for the purpose of
-obtaining light, and which we carried about
-the room by means of these wires. This force
-is produced by the battery behind me, to which,
-however, I will not now refer more particularly:
-before we have done we shall know more about
-this battery, but it must grow up in our knowledge
-as we proceed. Now, here (fig. 24) is a
-portion of water in this little vessel <span class="smcap lowercase">C</span>, and
-besides the water there are two plates of the
-metal platinum, which are connected with the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_88">88</span>
-wires (<span class="smcap lowercase">A</span> and <span class="smcap lowercase">B</span>) coming outside, and I want
-to examine that water, and the state and the
-condition in which its particles are arranged.
-If I were to apply heat to it, you know what
-we should get; it would assume the state of
-vapour, but it would nevertheless remain water,
-and would return to the liquid state as soon as
-the heat was removed. Now, by means of these
-wires (which are connected with the battery
-behind me, and come under the floor and up
-through the table), we shall have a certain
-amount of this new power at our disposal.
-Here you see it is [causing the ends of the
-wires to touch]&mdash;that is the electric light we
-used yesterday, and by means of these wires
-we can cause water to submit itself to this
-power; for the moment I put them into metallic
-connection (at <span class="smcap lowercase">A</span> and <span class="smcap lowercase">B</span>), you see the water
-boiling in that little vessel (<span class="smcap lowercase">C</span>), and you hear the
-bubbling of the gas that is going through the
-tube (<span class="smcap lowercase">D</span>). See how I am converting the water
-into vapour; and if I take a little vessel (<span class="smcap lowercase">E</span>), and
-fill it with water, and put it in the trough over
-the end of the tube (<span class="smcap lowercase">D</span>), there goes the vapour
-ascending into the vessel. And yet that is not<span class="pagenum" id="Page_89">89</span>
-steam; for you know that if steam is brought
-near cold water, it would at once condense, and
-return back again to water. This then cannot
-be steam, for it is bubbling through the cold
-water in this trough; but it is a vaporous substance,
-and we must therefore examine it carefully,
-to see in what way the water has been
-changed. And now, in order to give you a proof
-that it is not steam, I am going to shew you
-that it is combustible; for if I take this small
-vessel to a light, the vapour inside explodes in
-a manner that steam could never do.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_024.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 24.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>I will now fill this large bell-jar (<span class="smcap lowercase">F</span>) with
-water; and I propose letting the gas ascend
-into it, and I will then shew you that we can
-reproduce the water back again from the
-vapour or air that is there. Here is a strong
-glass vessel (<span class="smcap lowercase">G</span>), and into it we will let the gas
-(from <span class="smcap lowercase">F</span>) pass. We will there fire it by the
-electric spark, and then after the explosion you
-will find that we have got the water back
-again: it will not be much, however, for you
-will recollect that I shewed you how small a
-portion of water produced a very large volume
-of vapour. Mr. Anderson will now pump all<span class="pagenum" id="Page_90">90</span>
-the air out of this vessel (<span class="smcap lowercase">G</span>); and when I have
-screwed it on to the top of our jar of gas (<span class="smcap lowercase">F</span>),
-you will see upon opening the stop-cocks (<span class="smcap lowercase">H´ H H</span>)
-the water will jump up, shewing that some of
-the gas has passed into the glass vessel. I will
-now shut these stop-cocks, and we shall be able
-to send the electric spark through the gas by
-means of the wires (<span class="smcap lowercase">I</span>, <span class="smcap lowercase">K</span>) in the upper part of
-the vessel, and you will see it burn with a most
-intense flash. [Mr. Anderson here brought a
-Leyden jar, which he discharged through the
-confined gas by means of the wires <span class="smcap lowercase">I</span>, <span class="smcap lowercase">K</span>.] You
-saw the flash; and now that you may see that
-there is no longer any gas remaining, if I place
-it over the jar and open the stop-cocks again,
-up will go the gas, and we can have a second
-combustion; and so I might go on again and
-again, and I should continue to accumulate
-more and more of the water to which the gas
-has returned. Now, is not this curious?&mdash;in
-this vessel (<span class="smcap lowercase">C</span>) we can go on making from water
-a large bulk of <i>permanent gas</i>, as we call it,
-and then we can reconvert it into water in this
-way. [Mr. Anderson brought in another Leyden
-jar, which, however, from some cause would not<span class="pagenum" id="Page_91">91</span>
-ignite the gas. It was therefore recharged,
-when the explosion took place in the desired
-manner.] How beautifully we get our results
-when we are right in our proceedings!&mdash;it is
-not that Nature is wrong when we make a
-mistake. Now, I will lay this vessel (<span class="smcap lowercase">G</span>) down
-by my right hand, and you can examine it by
-and by: there is not very much water flowing
-down, but there is quite sufficient for you to
-see.</p>
-
-<p>Another wonderful thing about this mode of
-changing the condition of the water is this&mdash;that
-we are able to get the separate parts of
-which it is composed, at a distance the one from
-the other, and to examine them, and see what
-they are like, and how many of them there are;
-and for this purpose I have here some more
-water in a slightly different apparatus to the
-former one (fig. 25), and if I place this in connection
-with the wires of the battery (at <span class="smcap lowercase">A B</span>), I
-shall get a similar decomposition of the water
-at the two platinum plates. Now, I will put
-this little tube (<span class="smcap lowercase">O</span>) over there, and that will
-collect the gas together that comes from this
-side (<span class="smcap lowercase">A</span>), and this tube (<span class="smcap lowercase">H</span>) will collect the gas<span class="pagenum" id="Page_92">92</span>
-that comes from the other side (<span class="smcap lowercase">B</span>); and I think
-we shall soon be able to see a difference. In
-this apparatus the wires are a good way apart
-from each other, and it now seems that <i>each</i>
-of them is capable of drawing off particles from
-the water and sending them off, and you see
-that one set of particles (<span class="smcap lowercase">H</span>) is coming off twice
-as fast as those collected in the other tube (<span class="smcap lowercase">O</span>).
-Something is coming out of the water <i>there</i>
-(at <span class="smcap lowercase">H</span>) which burns [setting fire to the gas]; but
-what comes out of the water <i>here</i> (at <span class="smcap lowercase">O</span>),
-although it will not burn, will support combustion
-very vigorously. [The Lecturer here
-placed a match with a glowing tip in the gas,
-when it immediately rekindled.]</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_025.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 25.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Here, then, we have two things, neither of<span class="pagenum" id="Page_93">93</span>
-them being water alone, but which we get out
-of the water. Water is therefore composed of
-two substances different to itself, which appear
-at separate places when it is made to submit to
-the force which I have in these wires; and if I
-take an inverted tube of water and collect this
-gas (<span class="smcap lowercase">H</span>), you will see that it is by no means the
-same as the one we collected in the former
-apparatus (fig. 24). That exploded with a loud
-noise when it was lighted, but this will burn
-quite noiselessly&mdash;it is called <i>hydrogen</i>; and
-the other we call <i>oxygen</i>&mdash;that gas which so
-beautifully brightens up all combustion, but
-does not burn of itself. So now we see that
-water consists of two kinds of particles attracting
-each other in a very different manner to the
-attraction of gravitation or cohesion; and this
-new attraction we call <i>chemical affinity</i>, or the
-force of chemical action between different
-bodies. We are now no longer concerned with
-the attraction of iron for iron, water for water,
-wood for wood, or like bodies for each other, as
-we were when dealing with the force of cohesion:
-we are dealing with another kind of attraction,&mdash;the
-attraction between particles of a <i>different</i><span class="pagenum" id="Page_94">94</span>
-nature one to the other. Chemical affinity
-depends entirely upon the energy with which
-particles of <i>different</i> kinds attract each other.
-Oxygen and hydrogen are particles of different
-kinds, and it is their attraction to each other
-which makes them chemically combine and
-produce water.</p>
-
-<p>I must now shew you a little more at large
-what chemical affinity is. I can prepare these
-gases from other substances, as well as from
-water; and we will now prepare some oxygen.
-Here is another substance which contains oxygen&mdash;chlorate
-of potash. I will put some of it into
-this glass retort, and Mr. Anderson will apply
-heat to it. We have here different jars filled
-with water; and when, by the application of
-heat, the chlorate of potash is decomposed, we
-will displace the water, and fill the jars with
-gas.</p>
-
-<p>Now, when water is opened out in this way
-by means of the battery&mdash;which adds nothing
-to it materially, which takes nothing from it
-materially (I mean no <i>matter</i>; I am not speaking
-of <i>force</i>), which adds no <i>matter</i> to the
-water&mdash;it is changed in this way: the gas<span class="pagenum" id="Page_95">95</span>
-which you saw burning a little while ago,
-called <i>hydrogen</i>, is evolved in large quantity,
-and the other gas, <i>oxygen</i>, is evolved in only
-half the quantity; so that these two areas
-represent water, and these are always the proportions
-between the two gases.</p>
-
-
-<div class="figcenter" >
-<img src="images/i_095.jpg" alt="Image showing the 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen" />
-</div>
-
-
-<div class="center">
-<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl">Oxygen,</td>
- <td class="tdr">88.9</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl">Hydrogen,</td>
- <td class="tdrbb">11.1</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl">Water,</td>
- <td class="tdr">100.0</td>
-</tr>
-</table></div>
-
-
-<p>But oxygen is sixteen times the weight
-of the other&mdash;eight times as heavy as the
-particles of hydrogen in the water; and you
-therefore know that water is composed of
-nine parts by weight&mdash;one of hydrogen and
-eight of oxygen; thus:&mdash;</p>
-
-
-<div class="center">
-<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl">Hydrogen,</td>
- <td class="tdl">46.2 cubic inches,</td>
- <td class="tdl">= 1 grain.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl">Oxygen,</td>
- <td class="tdl">23.1 cubic inches,</td>
- <td class="tdl">= 8 grains.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="narrow">
- <td></td>
- <td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td>
- <td class="tdl">&nbsp;&mdash;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl">Water (<i>steam</i>),</td>
- <td class="tdl">69.3 cubic inches,</td>
- <td class="tdl">= 9 grains.</td>
-</tr>
-</table></div>
-
-<p>Now, Mr. Anderson has prepared some oxy<span class="pagenum" id="Page_96">96</span>gen,
-and we will proceed to examine what
-is the character of this gas. First of all, you
-remember, I told you that it does not burn,
-but that it affects the burning of other bodies.
-I will just set fire to the point of this little
-bit of wood, and then plunge it into the jar
-of oxygen, and you will see what this gas
-does in increasing the brilliancy of the combustion.
-It does not burn&mdash;it does not take
-fire as the hydrogen would&mdash;but how vividly
-the combustion of the match goes on. Again,
-if I were to take this wax taper and light
-it, and turn it upside down in the air, it
-would in all probability put itself out, owing
-to the wax running down into the wick. [The
-Lecturer here turned the lighted taper upside
-down, when in a few seconds it went out.] Now,
-that will not happen in oxygen gas; you will
-see how differently it acts (fig. 26). [The taper
-was again lighted, turned upside down, and
-then introduced into a jar of oxygen.] Look at
-that! see how the very wax itself burns, and falls
-down in a dazzling stream of fire, so powerfully
-does the oxygen support combustion. Again,
-here is another experiment which will serve to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_97">97</span>
-illustrate the force, if I may so call it, of oxygen.
-I have here a circular flame of spirit of wine,
-and with it I am about to shew you the way
-in which iron burns, because it will serve very
-well as a comparison between the effect produced
-by air and oxygen. If I take this ring flame,
-I can shake by means of a sieve the fine
-particles of iron filings through it, and you
-will see the way in which they burn. [The
-Lecturer here shook through the flame some
-iron filings, which took fire and fell through
-with beautiful scintillations.] But if I now
-hold the flame over a jar of oxygen [the experiment
-was repeated over a jar of oxygen,
-when the combustion of the filings, as they<span class="pagenum" id="Page_98">98</span>
-fell into the oxygen, became almost insupportably
-brilliant], you see how wonderfully
-different the effect is in the jar; because
-there we have oxygen instead of common
-air.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_026.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 26.</div>
-</div>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-</div><div class="chapter">
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_99">99</span></p>
-
-
-
-
-
-<h2 title="CHEMICAL AFFINITY&mdash;HEAT.">LECTURE IV.<br />
-
-<small>CHEMICAL AFFINITY&mdash;HEAT.</small></h2>
-
-
-<p>We shall have to pay a little more attention
-to the forces existing in
-water before we can have a clear idea on the
-subject. Besides the attraction which there
-is between its particles to make it hold together
-as a liquid or a solid, there is also
-another force, different from the former&mdash;one
-which, yesterday, by means of the voltaic
-battery, we overcame, drawing from the water
-two different substances&mdash;which, when heated
-by means of the electric spark, attracted each
-other, and rushed into combination to reproduce
-water. Now, I propose to-day to continue this
-subject, and trace the various phenomena of
-chemical affinity; and for this purpose, as we
-yesterday considered the character of oxygen, of
-which I have here two jars (oxygen being those
-particles derived from the water which enable<span class="pagenum" id="Page_100">100</span>
-other bodies to burn), we will now consider
-the other constituent of water; and, without
-embarrassing you too much with the way in
-which these things are made, I will proceed
-now to shew you our common way of making
-<i>hydrogen</i>. (I called it hydrogen yesterday&mdash;it
-is so called because it helps to generate
-water.)<a id="FNanchor_A_1" href="#Footnote_A_1" class="fnanchor">A</a> I put into this retort some zinc, water,
-and oil of vitriol, and immediately an action
-takes place, which produces an abundant evolution
-of gas, now coming over into this jar,
-and bubbling up in appearance exactly like
-the oxygen we obtained yesterday.</p>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_A_1" id="Footnote_A_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> ὕδωρ, “water,” and γενναω, “I generate.”.
-</p></div>
-
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_027.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 27.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>The processes, you see, are very different,
-though the result is the same, in so far<span class="pagenum" id="Page_101">101</span>
-as it gives us certain gaseous particles. Here,
-then, is the hydrogen. I shewed you yesterday
-certain qualities of this gas; now let me exhibit
-you some other properties. Unlike oxygen,
-which is a supporter of combustion, and will
-not burn, hydrogen itself is combustible. There
-is a jar full of it; and if I carry it along in
-this manner, and put a light to it, I think
-you will see it take fire, not with a bright light&mdash;you
-will at all events hear it, if you do not
-see it. Now, that is a body entirely different
-from oxygen: it is extremely light; for although
-yesterday you saw twice as much of this
-hydrogen produced on the one side as on
-the other, by the voltaic battery, it was only
-one-eighth the weight of the oxygen. I carry
-this jar upside-down. Why? Because I know
-that it is a very light body, and that it will
-continue in this jar upside-down quite as
-effectually as the water will in that jar which
-is not upside-down; and just as I can pour
-water from one vessel into another in the
-right position to receive it, so can I pour
-this gas from one jar into another when they
-are upside-down. See what I am about to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_102">102</span>
-do. There is no hydrogen in this jar at present,
-but I will gently turn this jar of hydrogen
-up under this other jar (fig. 28), and then we
-will examine the two. We shall see, on applying
-a light, that the hydrogen has left the
-jar in which it was at first, and has poured
-upwards into the other, and there we shall
-find it.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_028.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 28.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>You now understand that we can have particles
-of very different kinds, and that they can
-have different bulks and weights; and there are
-two or three very interesting experiments which
-serve to illustrate this. For instance, if I blow
-soap bubbles with the breath from my mouth,
-you will see them fall, because I fill them with
-common air, and the water which forms the
-bubble carries it down. But now, if I inhale<span class="pagenum" id="Page_103">103</span>
-hydrogen gas into my lungs (it does no harm
-to the lungs, although it does no good to them),
-see what happens. [The Lecturer inhaled some
-hydrogen, and after one or two ineffectual
-attempts, succeeded in blowing a splendid
-bubble, which rose majestically and slowly to
-the ceiling of the theatre, where it burst.] That
-shews you very well how light a substance this
-is; for, notwithstanding all the heavy bad air
-from my lungs, and the weight of the bubble,
-you saw how it was carried up. I want you
-now to consider this phenomenon of weight as
-indicating how exceedingly different particles are<span class="pagenum" id="Page_104">104</span>
-one from the other; and I will take as illustrations
-these very common things&mdash;air, water, the
-heaviest body, platinum, and this gas: and observe
-how they differ in this respect; for if I
-take a piece of platinum of that size (fig. 29),
-it is equal to the weight of portions of water,
-air, and hydrogen of the bulks I have represented
-in these spheres. And this illustration
-gives you a very good idea of the extraordinary
-difference with regard to the gravity of the
-articles having this enormous difference in bulk.
-[The following tabular statement having reference
-to this illustration appeared on the diagram
-board.]</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_029.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 29</div>
-</div>
-
-<div class="center">
-<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"> Hydrogen,</td>
- <td class="tdr">1 &nbsp;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"> Air,</td>
- <td class="tdr">14.4</td>
- <td class="tdr">1</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"> Water,</td>
- <td class="tdr">11943 &nbsp;</td>
- <td class="tdr">829</td>
- <td class="tdr">1 &nbsp;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
- <td class="tdl"> Platinum,</td>
- <td class="tdr">256774 &nbsp;</td>
- <td class="tdr">17831</td><td class="tdr">21.5</td>
-</tr>
-</table></div>
-
-<p>
-Whenever oxygen and hydrogen unite together
-they produce water; and you have seen
-the extraordinary difference between the bulk<span class="pagenum" id="Page_105">105</span>
-and appearance of the water so produced, and
-the particles of which it consists chemically.
-Now, we have never yet been able to reduce
-either oxygen or hydrogen to the liquid state;
-and yet their first impulse, when chemically
-combined, is to take up first this liquid condition,
-and then the solid condition. We never combine
-these different particles together without
-producing water; and it is curious to think how
-often you must have made the experiment of
-combining oxygen and hydrogen to form water
-without knowing it. Take a candle, for instance,
-and a clean silver spoon (or a piece of
-clean tin will do), and if you hold it over the
-flame, you immediately cover it with dew&mdash;not
-a smoke&mdash;which presently evaporates. This<span class="pagenum" id="Page_106">106</span>
-perhaps will serve to shew it better. Mr. Anderson
-will put a candle under that jar, and
-you will see how soon the water is produced
-(fig. 30). Look at that dimness on the sides
-of the glass, which will soon produce drops, and
-trickle down into the plate. Well, that dimness
-and these drops are <i>water</i>, formed by the
-union of the oxygen of the air with the hydrogen
-existing in the wax of which that candle
-is formed.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_030.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 30.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>And now, having brought you in the first
-place to the consideration of chemical attraction,
-I must enlarge your ideas so as to include
-all substances which have this attraction for
-each other&mdash;for it changes the character of
-bodies, and alters them in this way and that
-way in the most extraordinary manner, and
-produces other phenomena wonderful to think
-about. Here is some chlorate of potash, and
-there some sulphuret of antimony.<a id="FNanchor_17_18" href="#Footnote_17_18" class="fnanchor">17</a> We will
-mix these two different sets of particles together;
-and I want to shew you in a general sort of
-way some of the phenomena which take place
-when we make different particles act together.
-Now, I can make these bodies act upon each<span class="pagenum" id="Page_107">107</span>
-other in several ways. In this case I am going
-to apply heat to the mixture; but if I were to
-give a blow with a hammer, the same result
-would follow. [A lighted match was brought
-to the mixture, which immediately exploded
-with a sudden flash, evolving a dense white
-smoke.] There you see the result of the action
-of chemical affinity overcoming the attraction
-of cohesion of the particles. Again, here is a
-little sugar<a id="FNanchor_18_19" href="#Footnote_18_19" class="fnanchor">18</a>, quite a different substance from
-the black sulphuret of antimony, and you shall
-see what takes place when we put the two together.
-[The mixture was touched with sulphuric
-acid, when it took fire and burnt
-gradually, and with a brighter flame than in
-the former instance.] Observe this chemical
-affinity travelling about the mass, and setting
-it on fire, and throwing it into such wonderful
-agitation!
-</p>
-<p>
-I must now come to a few circumstances
-which require careful consideration. We have
-already examined one of the effects of this
-chemical affinity; but to make the matter more
-clear we must point out some others. And
-here are two salts dissolved in water<a id="FNanchor_19_20" href="#Footnote_19_20" class="fnanchor">19</a>. They<span class="pagenum" id="Page_108">108</span>
-are both colourless solutions, and in these
-glasses you cannot see any difference between
-them. But if I mix them, I shall have chemical
-attraction take place. I will pour the two
-together into this glass, and you will at once
-see, I have no doubt, a certain amount of
-change. Look, they are already becoming
-milky, but they are sluggish in their action&mdash;not
-quick as the others were&mdash;for we have endless
-varieties of rapidity in chemical action.
-Now, if I mix them together, and stir them, so
-as to bring them properly together, you will
-soon see what a different result is produced.
-As I mix them, they get thicker and thicker,
-and you see the liquid is hardening and stiffening,
-and before long I shall have it quite hard;
-and before the end of the lecture it will be a
-solid stone&mdash;a wet stone, no doubt, but more
-or less solid&mdash;in consequence of the chemical
-affinity. Is not this changing two liquids into
-a solid body a wonderful manifestation of
-chemical affinity?
-</p>
-<p>
-There is another remarkable circumstance in
-chemical affinity, which is, that it is capable
-of either waiting or acting at once. And this<span class="pagenum" id="Page_109">109</span>
-is very singular, because we know of nothing of
-the kind in the forces either of gravitation or
-cohesion. For instance, here are some oxygen
-particles, and here is a lump of carbon particles.
-I am going to put the carbon particles into the
-oxygen; they <i>can</i> act, but they <i>do</i> not&mdash;they
-are just like this unlighted candle. It stands
-here quietly on the table, waiting until we want
-to light it. But it is not so in this other case.
-Here is a substance, gaseous like the oxygen,
-and if I put these particles of metal into it,
-the two combine at once. The copper and
-the chlorine unite by their power of chemical
-affinity, and produce a body entirely unlike
-either of the substances used. And in this
-other case, it is not that there is any deficiency
-of affinity between the carbon and oxygen;
-for the moment I choose to put them in a
-condition to exert their affinity, you will see the
-difference. [The piece of charcoal was ignited,
-and introduced into the jar of oxygen, when
-the combustion proceeded with vivid scintillations.]
-</p>
-<p>
-Now, this chemical action is set going exactly
-as it would be if I had lighted the candle, or<span class="pagenum" id="Page_110">110</span>
-as it is when the servant puts coals on and
-lights the fire: the substances wait until we do
-something which is able to start the action.
-Can anything be more beautiful than this combustion
-of charcoal in oxygen? You must
-understand that each of these little sparks is a
-portion of the charcoal, or the bark of the
-charcoal, thrown off white-hot into the oxygen,
-and burning in it most brilliantly, as you see.
-And now let me tell you another thing, or you
-will go away with a very imperfect notion of
-the powers and effects of this affinity. There
-you see some charcoal burning in oxygen.
-Well, a piece of lead will burn in oxygen just
-as well as the charcoal does, or indeed better;
-for absolutely that piece of lead will act at once
-upon the oxygen as the copper did in the other
-vessel with regard to the chlorine. And here
-also a piece of iron: if I light it and put it into
-the oxygen, it will burn away just as the carbon
-did. And I will take some lead, and shew you
-that it will burn in the common atmospheric
-oxygen at the ordinary temperature. These
-are the lumps of lead which, you remember, we
-had the other day&mdash;the two pieces which clung<span class="pagenum" id="Page_111">111</span>
-together. Now these pieces, if I take them
-to-day and press them together, will not stick;
-and the reason is, that they have attracted from
-the atmosphere a part of the oxygen there
-present, and have become coated as with a
-varnish by the oxide of lead, which is formed
-on the surface by a real process of combustion
-or combination. There you see the iron burning
-very well in oxygen; and I will tell you the
-reason why those scissors and that lead do
-not take fire whilst they are lying on the table.
-Here the lead is in a lump, and the coating of
-oxide remains on its surface; whilst there you
-see the melted oxide is clearing itself off from
-the iron, and allowing more and more to go on
-burning. In this case, however [holding up a
-small glass tube containing lead pyrophorus.<a id="FNanchor_20_21" href="#Footnote_20_21" class="fnanchor">20</a>,
-the lead has been very carefully produced in
-fine powder, and put into a glass tube, and
-hermetically sealed, so as to preserve it; and I
-expect you will see it take fire at once. This
-has been made about a month ago, and has
-thus had time enough to sink down to its
-normal temperature. What you see, therefore,
-is the result of chemical affinity alone. [The<span class="pagenum" id="Page_112">112</span>
-tube was broken at the end, and the lead
-poured out on to a piece of paper, whereupon
-it immediately took fire.] Look, look at the
-lead burning; why, it has set fire to the paper!
-Now, that is nothing more than the common
-affinity always existing between very clean lead
-and the atmospheric oxygen; and the reason
-why this iron does not burn until it is made
-red-hot is, because it has got a coating of oxide
-about it, which stops the action of the oxygen&mdash;putting
-a varnish, as it were, upon its surface,
-as we varnish a picture, absolutely forming a
-substance which prevents the natural chemical
-affinity between the bodies from acting.</p>
-
-<p>I must now take you a little further in this
-kind of illustration&mdash;or consideration, I would
-rather call it&mdash;of chemical affinity. This attraction
-between different particles exists also most
-curiously in cases where they are previously
-combined with other substances. Here is a
-little chlorate of potash, containing the oxygen
-which we found yesterday could be procured
-from it. It contains the oxygen there combined
-and held down by its chemical affinity with
-other things; but still it can combine with<span class="pagenum" id="Page_113">113</span>
-sugar, as you saw. This affinity can thus act
-<i>across</i> substances; and I want you to see how
-curiously what we call combustion acts with
-respect to this force of chemical affinity. If I
-take a piece of phosphorus and set fire to it, and
-then place a jar of air over the phosphorus,
-you see the combustion which we are having
-there on account of chemical affinity (combustion
-being in all cases the result of chemical
-affinity). The phosphorus is escaping in that
-vapour, which will condense into a snow-like
-mass at the close of the lecture. But suppose
-I limit the atmosphere, what then? why, even
-the phosphorus will go out. Here is a piece
-of camphor, which will burn very well in the
-atmosphere, and even on water it will float
-about and burn, by reason of some of its particles
-gaining access to the air. But if I limit
-the quantity of air by placing a jar over it, as
-I am now doing, you will soon find the camphor
-will go out. Well, why does it go out? Not for
-want of air, for there is plenty of air remaining
-in the jar. Perhaps you will be shrewd enough
-to say, for want of oxygen.</p>
-
-<p>This, therefore, leads us to the inquiry as to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_114">114</span>
-whether oxygen can do more than a certain
-amount of work. The oxygen there (fig. 30)
-cannot go on burning an unlimited quantity of
-candle, for that has gone out, as you see; and
-its amount of chemical attraction or affinity is
-just as strikingly limited: it can no more be
-fallen short of or exceeded than can the attraction
-of gravitation. You might as soon attempt
-to destroy gravitation, or weight, or all things
-that exist, as to destroy the exact amount of
-force exerted by this oxygen. And when I
-pointed out to you that 8 by weight of oxygen
-to 1 by weight of hydrogen went to form water,
-I meant this, that neither of them would combine
-in different proportions with the other; for
-you cannot get 10 of hydrogen to combine with
-6 of oxygen, or 10 of oxygen to combine with
-6 of hydrogen&mdash;it must be 8 of oxygen and 1
-of hydrogen. Now, suppose I limit the action
-in this way: this piece of cotton wool burns,
-as you see, very well in the atmosphere; and I
-have known of cases of cotton-mills being fired
-as if with gunpowder, through the very finely-divided
-particles of cotton being diffused through
-the atmosphere in the mill, when it has some<span class="pagenum" id="Page_115">115</span>times
-happened that a flame has caught these
-raised particles, and it has run from one end of
-the mill to the other, and blown it up. That,
-then, is on account of the affinity which the
-cotton has for the oxygen; but suppose I set
-fire to this piece of cotton, which is rolled up
-tightly, it does not go on burning, because I
-have limited the supply of oxygen, and the
-inside is prevented from having access to the
-oxygen, just as it was in the case of the lead
-by the oxide. But here is some cotton which
-has been imbued with oxygen in a certain
-manner. I need not trouble you now with the
-way it is prepared; it is called gun-cotton.<a id="FNanchor_21_22" href="#Footnote_21_22" class="fnanchor">21</a>
-See how that burns [setting fire to a piece]; it
-is very different from the other, because the
-oxygen that must be present in its proper
-amount is put there beforehand. And I have
-here some pieces of paper which are prepared
-like the gun-cotton<a id="FNanchor_22_23" href="#Footnote_22_23" class="fnanchor">22</a>, and imbued with bodies
-containing oxygen. Here is some which has
-been soaked in nitrate of strontia&mdash;you will see
-the beautiful red colour of its flame; and here is
-another which I think contains baryta, which
-gives that fine green light; and I have here<span class="pagenum" id="Page_116">116</span>
-some more which has been soaked in nitrate of
-copper&mdash;it does not burn quite so brightly, but
-still very beautifully. In all these cases the
-combustion goes on independent of the oxygen
-of the atmosphere. And here we have some
-gunpowder put into a case, in order to shew
-that it is capable of burning under water. You
-know that we put it into a gun, shutting off the
-atmosphere, with shot, and yet the oxygen
-which it contains supplies the particles with
-that without which chemical action could not
-proceed. Now, I have a vessel of water here,
-and am going to make the experiment of putting
-this fuse under the water, and you will see
-whether that water can extinguish it. Here it is
-burning out of the water, and there it is burning
-under the water; and so it will continue until
-exhausted, and all by reason of the requisite
-amount of oxygen being contained within the
-substance. It is by this kind of attraction of
-the different particles one to the other that
-we are enabled to trace the laws of chemical
-affinity, and the wonderful variety of the exertions
-of these laws.</p>
-
-<p>Now, I want you to observe that one great<span class="pagenum" id="Page_117">117</span>
-exertion of this power, which is known as
-<i>chemical affinity</i>, is to produce <span class="smcap lowercase">HEAT</span> and light.
-You know, as a matter of fact, no doubt, that
-when bodies burn they give out heat; but it is
-a curious thing that this heat does not continue&mdash;the
-heat goes away as soon as the action
-stops, and you see thereby that it depends upon
-the action <i>during the time</i> it is going on. It
-is not so with gravitation: this force is continuous,
-and is just as effective in making that
-lead press on the table as it was when it first
-fell there. Nothing occurs there which disappears
-when the action of falling is over; the
-pressure is upon the table, and will remain there
-until the lead is removed; whereas, in the action
-of chemical affinity to give light and heat, they
-go away immediately the action is over. This
-lamp <i>seems</i> to evolve heat and light continuously;
-but it is owing to a constant stream
-of air coming into it on all sides, and this work
-of producing light and heat by chemical affinity
-will subside as soon as the stream of air is
-interrupted. What, then, is this curious condition
-of heat? Why is the evolution of another
-power of matter, of a power new to us, and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_118">118</span>
-which we must consider as if it were now for
-the very first time brought under our notice?
-What is heat? We recognise heat by its power
-of liquefying solid bodies and vaporising liquid
-bodies, by its power of setting in action, and
-very often overcoming, chemical affinity. Then,
-how do we obtain heat? We obtain it in
-various ways&mdash;most abundantly by means of
-the chemical affinity we have just before been
-speaking about; but we can also obtain it in
-many other ways. Friction will produce heat.
-The Indians rub pieces of wood together until
-they make them hot enough to take fire; and
-such things have been known as two branches
-of a tree rubbing together so hard as to set the
-tree on fire. I do not suppose I shall set these
-two pieces of wood on fire by friction; but I
-can readily produce heat enough to ignite some
-phosphorus. [The Lecturer here rubbed two
-pieces of cedar-wood strongly against each
-other for a minute, and then placed on them
-a piece of phosphorus, which immediately
-took fire.] And if you take a smooth metal
-button stuck on a cork, and rub it on a piece
-of soft deal wood, you will make it so<span class="pagenum" id="Page_119">119</span>
-hot as to scorch wood and paper, and burn a
-match.</p>
-
-<div class="figright">
-<img src="images/fig_031.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 31.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>I am now going to shew you that
-we can obtain heat, not by chemical
-affinity alone, but by the pressure of
-air. Suppose I take a pellet of cotton
-and moisten it with a little ether, and
-put it into a glass tube (fig. 31), and
-then take a piston and press it down
-suddenly, I expect I shall be able to
-burn a little of that ether in the vessel.
-It wants a suddenness of pressure,
-or we shall not do what we require. [The piston
-was forcibly pressed down, when a flame, due
-to the combustion of the ether, was visible in
-the lower part of the syringe.] All we want
-is to get a little ether in vapour, and give fresh
-air each time, and so we may go on again and
-again getting heat enough by the compression
-of air to fire the ether-vapour.</p>
-
-<p>This, then, I think, will be sufficient, accompanied
-with all you have previously seen, to
-shew you how we procure heat. And now for
-the effects of this power. We need not consider
-many of them on the present occasion, because<span class="pagenum" id="Page_120">120</span>
-when you have seen its power of changing ice
-into water and water into steam, you have seen
-the two principal results of the application of
-heat. I want you now to see how it expands
-all bodies&mdash;all bodies but one, and that under
-limited circumstances. Mr. Anderson will hold
-a lamp under that retort, and you will see the
-moment he does so that the air will issue
-abundantly from the neck, which is under water,
-because the heat which he applies to the air
-causes it to expand. And here is a brass rod
-(fig. 32) which goes through that hole, and fits
-also accurately into this gauge; but if I make it
-warm with this spirit-lamp, it will only go in the
-gauge or through the hole with difficulty; and
-if I were to put it into boiling-water, it would
-not go through at all. Again, as soon as the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_121">121</span>
-heat escapes from bodies they collapse. See how
-the air is contracting in the vessel, now that Mr.
-Anderson has taken away his lamp: the stem
-of it is filling with water. Notice, too, now, that
-although I cannot get the tube through this
-hole or into the gauge, the moment I cool it
-by dipping it into water, it goes through with
-perfect facility; so that we have a perfect proof
-of this power of heat to contract and expand
-bodies.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_032.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 32.</div>
-</div>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-</div><div class="chapter">
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_122">122</span></p>
-
-
-
-
-
-<h2 title="MAGNETISM&mdash;ELECTRICITY.">LECTURE V.<br />
-
-<small>MAGNETISM&mdash;ELECTRICITY.</small></h2>
-
-
-<p>I wonder whether we shall be too deep
-to-day or not. Remember that we spoke
-of the attraction by gravitation of <i>all</i> bodies to
-all bodies by their simple approach. Remember
-that we spoke of the attraction of particles of the
-<i>same</i> kind to each other,&mdash;that power which keeps
-them together in masses,&mdash;iron attracted to iron,
-brass to brass, or water to water. Remember
-that we found, on looking into water, that there
-were particles of two different kinds attracted to
-each other; and this was a great step beyond
-the first simple attraction of gravitation; because
-here we deal with attraction between <i>different</i>
-kinds of matter. The hydrogen could attract
-the oxygen, and reduce it to water, but it could
-not attract any of its own particles; so that there
-we obtained a first indication of the existence of
-<i>two</i> attractions.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_123">123</span></p>
-
-<p>To-day we come to a kind of attraction even
-more curious than the last, namely, the attraction
-which we find to be of a double nature&mdash;of
-a curious and dual nature. And I want first
-of all to make the nature of this doubleness
-clear to you. Bodies are sometimes endowed
-with a wonderful attraction, which is not found
-in them in their ordinary state. For instance,
-here is a piece of shell-lac, having the attraction
-of gravitation, having the attraction of cohesion;
-and if I set fire to it, it would have the attraction
-of chemical affinity to the oxygen in the
-atmosphere. Now, all these powers we find <i>in</i>
-it as if they were parts of its substance; but
-there is another property which I will try and
-make evident by means of this ball, this bubble
-of air [a light india-rubber ball, inflated and
-suspended by a thread]. There is no attraction
-between this ball and this shell-lac at present:
-there may be a little wind in the room slightly
-moving the ball about, but there is no attraction.
-But if I rub the shell-lac with a piece of
-flannel [rubbing the shell-lac, and then holding
-it near the ball], look at the attraction which
-has arisen out of the shell-lac, simply by this<span class="pagenum" id="Page_124">124</span>
-friction, and which I may take away as easily
-by drawing it gently through my hand. [The
-Lecturer repeated the experiment of exciting
-the shell-lac, and then removing the attractive
-power by drawing it through his hand.] Again,
-you will see I can repeat this experiment with
-another substance; for if I take a glass rod and
-rub it with a piece of silk covered with what
-we call amalgam, look at the attraction which
-it has, how it draws the ball towards it; and
-then, as before, by quietly rubbing it through
-the hand, the attraction will be all removed
-again, to come back by friction with this silk.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_033.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 33.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>But now we come to another fact. I will
-take this piece of shell-lac and make it attractive
-by friction; and remember that whenever we
-get an attraction of gravity, chemical affinity,
-adhesion, or electricity (as in this case), the
-body which attracts is attracted also; and just
-as much as that ball was attracted by the
-shell-lac, the shell-lac was attracted by the ball.
-Now, I will suspend this piece of excited shell-lac
-in a little paper stirrup, in this way (fig. 33), in
-order to make it move easily, and I will take
-another piece of shell-lac, and after rubbing it<span class="pagenum" id="Page_125">125</span>
-with flannel, will bring them near together.
-You will think that they ought to attract each
-other; but now what happens? It does not
-attract; on the contrary, it very strongly <i>repels</i>,
-and I can thus drive it round to any extent.
-These, therefore, repel each other, although
-they are so strongly attractive&mdash;repel each
-other to the extent of driving this heavy piece
-of shell-lac round and round in this way. But if
-I excite this piece of shell-lac, as before, and take
-this piece of glass and rub it with silk, and
-then bring them near, what think you will
-happen? [The Lecturer held the excited glass
-near the excited shell-lac, when they attracted<span class="pagenum" id="Page_126">126</span>
-each other strongly.] You see, therefore, what
-a difference there is between these two attractions,&mdash;they
-are actually two <i>kinds</i> of attraction
-concerned in this case, quite different to
-anything we have met with before; but the
-<i>force</i> is the same. We have here, then, a
-double attraction&mdash;a dual attraction or force&mdash;one
-attracting, and the other repelling.</p>
-
-<p>Again, to shew you another experiment
-which will help to make this clear to you.
-Suppose I set up this rough indicator again
-[the excited shell-lac suspended in the stirrup]&mdash;it
-is rough, but delicate enough for my purpose;
-and suppose I take this other piece of shell-lac,
-and take away the power, which I can do by
-drawing it gently through the hand; and suppose
-I take a piece of flannel (fig. 34), which I
-have shaped into a cap for it and made dry.
-I will put this shell-lac into the flannel, and here
-comes out a very beautiful result. I will rub
-this shell-lac and the flannel together (which I
-can do by twisting the shell-lac round), and leave
-them in contact; and then, if I ask, by bringing
-them nearer our indicator, what is the attractive
-force?&mdash;it is nothing! But if I take them apart,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_127">127</span>
-and then ask what will they do when they are
-separated&mdash;why, the shell-lac is strongly repelled,
-as it was before, but the cap is strongly attractive;
-and yet if I bring them both together again, there
-is no attraction&mdash;it has all disappeared [the
-experiment was repeated]. Those two bodies,
-therefore, still contain this attractive power:
-when they were parted, it was evident to your
-senses that they had it, though they do not
-attract when they are together.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_034.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 34.</div>
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_035.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 35.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>This, then, is sufficient in the outset to give
-you an idea of the nature of the force which
-we call <span class="smcap lowercase">ELECTRICITY</span>. There is no end to the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_128">128</span>
-things from which you can evolve this power.
-When you go home, take a stick of sealing-wax&mdash;I
-have rather a large stick, but a smaller one
-will do&mdash;and make an indicator of this sort
-(fig. 35). Take a watch-glass (or your watch
-itself will do; you only want something which
-shall have a round face), and now, if you place a
-piece of flat glass upon that, you have a very
-easily moved centre. And if I take this lath and
-put it on the flat glass (you see I am searching
-for the centre of gravity of this lath&mdash;I want to
-balance it upon the watch-glass), it is very
-easily moved round; and if I take this piece of
-sealing-wax and rub it against my coat, and
-then try whether it is attractive [holding it near
-the lath], you see how strong the attraction is;
-I can even draw it about. Here, then, you have
-a very beautiful indicator, for I have, with a<span class="pagenum" id="Page_129">129</span>
-small piece of sealing-wax and my coat, pulled
-round a plank of that kind; so you need be in
-no want of indicators to discover the presence
-of this attraction. There is scarcely a substance
-which we may not use. Here are some indicators
-(fig. 36). I bend round a strip of paper into
-a hoop, and we have as good an indicator as can
-be required. See how it rolls along, travelling
-after the sealing-wax. If I make them smaller,
-of course we have them running faster, and
-sometimes they are actually attracted up into
-the air. Here also is a little collodion balloon.
-It is so electrical that it will scarcely leave my
-hand unless to go to the other. See, how curiously
-electrical it is: it is hardly possible for me
-to touch it without making it electrical; and
-here is a piece which clings to anything it is
-brought near, and which it is not easy to lay<span class="pagenum" id="Page_130">130</span>
-down. And here is another substance, gutta-percha,
-in thin strips: it is astonishing how, by
-rubbing this in your hands, you make it electrical.
-But our time forbids us to go further into
-this subject at present. You see clearly there are
-two kinds of electricities which may be obtained
-by rubbing shell-lac with flannel, or glass with
-silk.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_036.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 36.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Now, there are some curious bodies in nature
-(of which I have two specimens on the table)
-which are called <i>magnets</i> or <i>loadstones</i>&mdash;ores of
-iron, of which there is a great deal sent from
-Sweden. They have the attraction of gravitation,
-and attraction of cohesion, and certain
-chemical attraction; but they also have a great
-attractive power, for this little key is held up
-by this stone. Now, that is not chemical
-attraction,&mdash;it is not the attraction of chemical
-affinity, or of aggregation of particles, or of
-cohesion, or of electricity (for it will not
-attract this ball if I bring it near it); but it is
-a separate and dual attraction&mdash;and, what is
-more, one which is not readily removed from
-the substance, for it has existed in it for ages
-and ages in the bowels of the earth. Now, we<span class="pagenum" id="Page_131">131</span>
-can make artificial magnets (you will see me
-to-morrow make artificial magnets of extraordinary
-power). And let us take one of these
-artificial magnets, and examine it, and see
-where the power is in the mass, and whether it
-is a dual power. You see it attracts these keys,
-two or three in succession, and it will attract
-a very large piece of iron. That, then, is a
-very different thing indeed to what you saw
-in the case of the shell-lac; for <i>that</i> only
-attracted a light ball, but here I have several
-ounces of iron held up. And if we come to
-examine this attraction a little more closely,
-we shall find it presents some other remarkable
-differences: first of all, one end of this
-bar (fig. 37) attracts this key, but the middle
-does not attract. It is not, then, the <i>whole</i> of
-the substance which attracts. If I place this
-little key in the middle, it does not adhere; but
-if I place it <i>there</i>, a little nearer the end, it
-does, though feebly. Is it not, then, very
-curious to find that there is an attractive power
-at the extremities which is not in the middle&mdash;to
-have thus in one bar two places in which
-this force of attraction resides! If I take this<span class="pagenum" id="Page_132">132</span>
-bar and balance it carefully on a point, so that
-it will be free to move round, I can try what
-action this piece of iron has on it. Well, it
-attracts one end, and it also attracts the other
-end, just as you saw the shell-lac and the glass
-did, with the exception of its not attracting in
-the middle. But if now, instead of a piece of
-iron, I take a <i>magnet</i>, and examine it in a
-similar way, you see that one of its ends <i>repels</i>
-the suspended magnet&mdash;the force then is no
-longer attraction, but repulsion; but if I take
-the other end of the magnet and bring it near,
-it shews attraction again.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_037_038.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 37. and Fig. 38.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>You will see this better, perhaps, by another
-kind of experiment. Here (fig. 38) is a little
-magnet, and I have coloured the ends differently,
-so that you may distinguish one from the
-other. Now this end (<span class="smcap lowercase">S</span>) of the magnet (fig. 37)<span class="pagenum" id="Page_133">133</span>
-attracts the <i>uncoloured</i> end of the little magnet.
-You see it pulls it towards it with great power;
-and as I carry it round, the uncoloured end
-still follows. But now, if I gradually bring
-the middle of the bar magnet opposite the
-uncoloured end of the needle, it has no effect
-upon it, either of attraction or repulsion, until,
-as I come to the opposite extremity (<span class="smcap lowercase">N</span>), you see
-that it is the <i>coloured</i> end of the needle which is
-pulled towards it. We are now therefore dealing
-with two kinds of power, attracting different
-ends of the magnet&mdash;a double power, already
-existing in these bodies, which takes up the
-form of attraction and repulsion. And now,
-when I put up this label with the word
-<span class="smcap lowercase">MAGNETISM</span>, you will understand that it is to
-express this double power.</p>
-
-<p>Now, with this loadstone you may make
-magnets artificially. Here is an artificial magnet
-(fig. 39) in which both ends have been
-brought together in order to increase the attraction.
-This mass will lift that lump of iron; and,
-what is more, by placing this <i>keeper</i>, as it is
-called, on the top of the magnet, and taking
-hold of the handle, it will adhere sufficiently<span class="pagenum" id="Page_134">134</span>
-strongly to allow itself to be lifted up&mdash;so
-wonderful is its power of attraction. If you
-take a needle, and just draw one of its ends
-along one extremity of the magnet, and then
-draw the other end along the other extremity,
-and then gently place it on the surface of some
-water (the needle will generally float on the surface,
-owing to the slight greasiness communicated
-to it by the fingers), you will be able to get all
-the phenomena of attraction and repulsion, by
-bringing another magnetised needle near to it.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_039.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 39.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>I want you now to observe, that although I
-have shewn you in these magnets that this
-double power becomes evident principally at
-the extremities, yet the <i>whole</i> of the magnet is
-concerned in giving the power. That will at<span class="pagenum" id="Page_135">135</span>
-first seem rather strange; and I must therefore
-shew you an experiment to prove that this is
-not an accidental matter, but that the whole
-of the mass is really concerned in this force,
-just as in falling the whole of the mass is
-acted upon by the force of gravitation. I have
-here (fig. 40) a steel bar, and I am going to
-make it a magnet, by rubbing it on the large
-magnet (fig. 39). I have now made the two
-ends magnetic in opposite ways. I do not at
-present know one from the other, but we can
-soon find out. You see when I bring it near
-our magnetic needle (fig. 38) one end repels
-and the other attracts; and the middle will
-neither attract nor repel&mdash;it <i>cannot</i>, because it
-is <i>half-way between the two ends</i>. But now,
-if I break out that piece (<i>n s</i>), and then examine
-it&mdash;see how strongly one end (<i>n</i>) pulls at this
-end (<span class="smcap lowercase">S</span>, fig. 38), and how it repels the other end
-(<span class="smcap lowercase">N</span>). And so it can be shewn that every part
-of the magnet contains this power of attraction
-and repulsion, but that the power is only<span class="pagenum" id="Page_136">136</span>
-rendered evident at the end of the mass. You
-will understand all this in a little while; but
-what you have now to consider is, that every
-part of this steel is in itself a magnet. Here is
-a little fragment which I have broken out of
-the very centre of the bar, and you will still
-see that one end is attractive and the other is
-repulsive. Now, is not this power a most
-wonderful thing? and very strange the means
-of taking it from one substance and bringing
-it to other matters? I cannot make a piece
-of iron or anything else heavier or lighter than
-it is. Its cohesive power it must and does have;
-but, as you have seen by these experiments, we
-can add or subtract this power of magnetism,
-and almost do as we like with it.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_040.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 40.</div>
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_041.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 41.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>And now we will return for a short time to
-the subject treated of at the commencement of
-this lecture. You see here (fig. 41) a large
-machine, arranged for the purpose of rubbing
-glass with silk, and for obtaining the power
-called <i>electricity</i>; and the moment the handle
-of the machine is turned, a certain amount of
-electricity is evolved, as you will see by the rise
-of the little straw indicator (at <span class="smcap lowercase">A</span>). Now, I<span class="pagenum" id="Page_137">137</span>
-know from the appearance of repulsion of the
-pith ball at the end of the straw, that electricity
-is present in those brass conductors (<span class="smcap lowercase">B B</span>), and I
-want you to see the manner in which that
-electricity can pass away. [Touching the conductor
-(<span class="smcap lowercase">B</span>) with his finger, the Lecturer drew a
-spark from it, and the straw electrometer immediately
-fell.] There, it has all gone; and that I
-have really taken it away, you shall see by an
-experiment of this sort. If I hold this cylinder
-of brass by the glass handle, and touch the
-conductor with it, I take away a little of the
-electricity. You see the spark in which it
-passes, and observe that the pith-ball indicator<span class="pagenum" id="Page_138">138</span>
-has fallen a little, which seems to imply that
-so much electricity is lost; but it is not lost:
-it is here in this brass; and I can take it away
-and carry it about, not because it has any
-substance of its own, but by some strange
-property which we have not before met with
-as belonging to any other force. Let us see
-whether we have it here or not. [The Lecturer
-brought the charged cylinder to a jet from
-which gas was issuing; the spark was seen to
-pass from the cylinder to the jet, but the gas
-did not light.] Ah! the gas did not light, but
-you saw the spark; there is, perhaps, some
-draught in the room which blew the gas on
-one side, or else it would light. We will try
-this experiment afterwards. You see from the
-spark that I can transfer the power from the
-machine to this cylinder, and then carry it
-away and give it to some other body. You
-know very well, as a matter of experiment, that
-we can transfer the power of heat from one
-thing to another; for if I put my hand near
-the fire it becomes hot. I can shew you this
-by placing before us this ball, which has just
-been brought red-hot from the fire. If I press<span class="pagenum" id="Page_139">139</span>
-this wire to it, some of the heat will be transferred
-from the ball; and I have only now to
-touch this piece of gun-cotton with the hot
-wire, and you see how I can transfer the heat
-from the ball to the wire, and from the wire to
-the cotton. So you see that some powers are
-transferable, and others are not. Observe how
-long the heat stops in this ball. I might touch
-it with the wire, or with my finger, and if I
-did so quickly, I should merely burn the surface
-of the skin; whereas, if I touch that cylinder,
-however rapidly, with my finger, the electricity
-is gone at once&mdash;dispersed on the instant, in a
-manner wonderful to think of.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_042.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 42.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>I must now take up a little of your time in
-shewing you the manner in which these powers
-are transferred from one thing to another; for
-the manner in which <i>force</i> may be conducted
-or transmitted is extraordinary, and most essential
-for us to understand. Let us see in what
-manner these powers travel from place to place.
-Both heat and electricity can be conducted; and
-here is an arrangement I have made to shew
-how the former can travel. It consists of a bar
-of copper (fig. 42); and if I take a spirit-lamp<span class="pagenum" id="Page_140">140</span>
-(this is one way of obtaining the power of heat),
-and place it under that little chimney, the flame
-will strike against the bar of copper and keep it
-hot. Now, you are aware that power is being
-transferred from the flame of that lamp to the
-copper, and you will see by-and-by that it is
-being conducted along the copper from particle
-to particle; for, inasmuch as I have fastened
-these wooden balls by a little wax at particular
-distances from the point where the copper is
-first heated, first one ball will fall, and then the
-more distant ones, as the heat travels along&mdash;and
-thus you will learn that the heat travels
-gradually through the copper. You will see
-that this is a very slow conduction of power, as
-compared with electricity. If I take cylinders<span class="pagenum" id="Page_141">141</span>
-of wood and metal, joined together at the ends,
-and wrap a piece of paper round, and then apply
-the heat of this lamp to the place where the
-metal and wood join, you will see how the heat
-will accumulate where the wood is, and burn
-the paper with which I have covered it; but
-where the metal is beneath, the heat is conducted
-away too fast for the paper to be burned.
-And so, if I take a piece of wood and a piece of
-metal joined together, and put it so that the
-flame should play equally both upon one and
-the other, we shall soon find that the metal
-will become hot before the wood; for if I put a
-piece of phosphorus on the wood, and another
-piece on the copper, you will find that the
-phosphorus on the copper will take fire before
-that on the wood is melted&mdash;and this shews you
-how badly the wood conducts heat. But with
-regard to the travelling of electricity from place
-to place, its rapidity is astonishing. I will, first
-of all, take these pieces of glass and metal, and
-you will soon understand how it is that the
-glass does not lose the power which it acquired
-when it is rubbed by the silk. By one or two
-experiments I will shew you. If I take this<span class="pagenum" id="Page_142">142</span>
-piece of brass and bring it near the machine,
-you see how the electricity leaves the latter,
-and passes to the brass cylinder. And, again, if
-I take a rod of metal and touch the machine
-with it, I lower the indicator; but when I touch
-it with a rod of glass, no power is drawn away,&mdash;shewing
-you that the electricity is conducted
-by the glass and the metal in a manner entirely
-different: and to make you see that more
-clearly, we will take one of our Leyden jars.
-Now, I must not embarrass your minds with
-this subject too much; but if I take a piece of
-metal, and bring it against the knob at the top
-and the metallic coating at the bottom, you will
-see the electricity passing through the air as a
-brilliant spark. It takes no sensible time to
-pass through this; and if I were to take a long
-metallic wire, no matter what the length&mdash;at
-least as far as we are concerned&mdash;and if I make
-one end of it touch the outside, and the other
-touch the knob at the top, see how the electricity
-passes!&mdash;it has flashed instantaneously
-through the whole length of this wire. Is not
-this different from the transmission of heat
-through this copper bar (fig. 42), which has<span class="pagenum" id="Page_143">143</span>
-taken a quarter of an hour or more to reach
-the first ball?</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_043.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 43.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Here is another experiment, for the purpose
-of shewing the conductibility of this power
-through some bodies, and not through others.
-Why do I have this arrangement made of brass?
-[pointing to the brass work of the electrical
-machine, fig. 41]. Because it conducts electricity.
-And why do I have these columns made
-of glass? Because they obstruct the passage of
-electricity. And why do I put that paper tassel
-(fig. 43) at the top of the pole, upon a glass
-rod, and connect it with this machine by means
-of a wire? You see at once that as soon as the
-handle of the machine is turned, the electricity
-which is evolved travels along this wire and up
-the wooden rod, and goes to the tassel at the
-top, and you see the power of repulsion with
-which it has endowed these strips of paper, each
-spreading outwards to the ceiling and sides of
-the room. The outside of that wire is covered
-with gutta-percha. It would not serve to keep
-the force from you when touching it with your
-hands, because it would burst through; but it
-answers our purpose for the present. And so<span class="pagenum" id="Page_144">144</span>
-you perceive how easily I can manage to send
-this power of electricity from place to place, by
-choosing the materials which can conduct the
-power. Suppose I want to fire a portion of
-gunpowder, I can readily do it by this transferable
-power of electricity. I will take a Leyden<span class="pagenum" id="Page_145">145</span>
-jar, or any other arrangement which gives us
-this power, and arrange wires so that they may
-carry the power to the place I wish; and then
-placing a little gunpowder on the extremities of
-the wires, the moment I make the connection
-by this discharging rod, I shall fire the gunpowder.
-[The connection was made, and the
-gunpowder ignited.] And if I were to shew
-you a stool like this, and were to explain to you
-its construction, you could easily understand
-that we use glass legs, because these are capable
-of preventing the electricity from going away to
-the earth. If, therefore, I were to stand on this
-stool, and receive the electricity through this
-conductor, I could give it to anything that I
-touched. [The Lecturer stood upon the insulating
-stool, and placed himself in connection
-with the conductor of the machine.] Now, I am
-electrified&mdash;I can feel my hair rising up as the
-paper tassel did just now. Let us see whether
-I can succeed in lighting gas by touching the
-jet with my finger. [The Lecturer brought his
-finger near a jet from which gas was issuing,
-when, after one or two attempts, the spark which
-came from his finger to the jet set fire to the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_146">146</span>
-gas.] You now see how it is that this power of
-electricity can be transferred from the matter in
-which it is generated, and conducted along
-wires and other bodies, and thus be made to
-serve new purposes utterly unattainable by the
-powers we have spoken of on previous days;
-and you will not now be at a loss to bring this
-power of electricity into comparison with those
-which we have previously examined; and to-morrow
-we shall be able to go further into the
-consideration of these transferable powers.</p>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-</div><div class="chapter">
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_147">147</span></p>
-
-
-
-
-
-<h2 title="THE CORRELATION OF THE PHYSICAL FORCES.">LECTURE VI.<br />
-
-<small>THE CORRELATION OF THE PHYSICAL FORCES.</small></h2>
-
-
-<p>We have frequently seen, during the course
-of these lectures, that one of those
-powers or forces of matter, of which I have
-written the names on that board, has produced
-results which are due to the action of some
-other force. Thus, you have seen the force
-of electricity acting in other ways than in attracting:
-you have also seen it combine matters
-together, or disunite them, by means of its action
-on the chemical force; and in this case, therefore,
-you have an instance in which these two
-powers are related. But we have other and
-deeper relations than these; we have not merely
-to see how it is that one power affects another&mdash;how
-the force of heat affects chemical affinity,
-and so forth&mdash;but we must try and comprehend
-what relation they bear to each other, and how
-these powers may be changed one into the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_148">148</span>
-other; and it will to-day require all my care,
-and your care too, to make this clear to your
-minds. I shall be obliged to confine myself
-to one or two instances, because, to take in the
-whole extent of this mutual relation and conversion
-of forces, would surpass the human
-intellect.</p>
-
-<p>In the first place, then, here is a piece of fine
-zinc-foil; and if I cut it into narrow strips and
-apply to it the power of heat, admitting the
-contact of air at the same time, you will find
-that it burns; and then, seeing that it burns,
-you will be prepared to say that there is
-chemical action taking place. You see all I
-have to do is to hold the piece of zinc at the
-side of the flame, so as to let it get heated, and
-yet to allow the air which is flowing into the
-flame from all sides to have access to it;&mdash;there
-is the piece of zinc burning just like a piece of
-wood, only brighter. A part of the zinc is
-going up into the air, in the form of that white
-smoke, and part is falling down on to the table.
-This, then, is the action of chemical affinity
-exerted between the zinc and the oxygen of the
-air. I will shew you what a curious kind of<span class="pagenum" id="Page_149">149</span>
-affinity this is by an experiment, which is rather
-striking when seen for the first time. I have
-here some iron filings and gunpowder, and will
-mix them carefully together, with as little rough
-handling as possible. Now, we will compare the
-combustibility, so to speak, of the two. I will
-pour some spirit of wine into a basin, and set it
-on fire: and, having our flame, I will drop this
-mixture of iron filings and gunpowder through
-it, so that both sets of particles will have an
-equal chance of burning. And now, tell me
-which of them it is that burns? You see a
-plentiful combustion of the iron-filings. But I
-want you to observe that, though they have
-equal chances of burning, we shall find that by
-far the greater part of the gunpowder remains
-untouched. I have only to drain off this spirit
-of wine, and let the powder which has gone
-through the flame dry, which it will do in a few
-minutes, and I will then test it with a lighted
-match. So ready is the iron to burn, that it
-takes, under certain circumstances, even less
-time to catch fire than gunpowder. [As soon as
-the gunpowder was dry, Mr. Anderson handed
-it to the Lecturer, who applied a lighted match<span class="pagenum" id="Page_150">150</span>
-to it, when a sudden flash shewed how large a
-proportion of gunpowder had escaped combustion
-when falling through the flame of alcohol.]</p>
-
-<p>These are all cases of chemical affinity; and I
-shew them to make you understand that we
-are about to enter upon the consideration of a
-strange kind of chemical affinity, and then to see
-how far we are enabled to convert this force of
-affinity into electricity or magnetism, or any
-other of the forces which we have discussed.
-Here is some zinc (I keep to the metal zinc, as
-it is very useful for our purpose), and I can
-produce hydrogen gas by putting the zinc and
-sulphuric acid together, as they are in that
-retort. There you see the mixture which gives
-us hydrogen&mdash;the zinc is pulling the water to
-pieces and setting free hydrogen gas. Now,
-we have learned by experience that, if a little
-mercury is spread over that zinc, it does not
-<i>take away</i> its power of decomposing the water,
-but <i>modifies</i> it most curiously. See how that
-mixture is now boiling; but when I add a little
-mercury to it, the gas ceases to come off. We
-have now scarcely a bubble of hydrogen set free,
-so that the action is suspended for the time. We<span class="pagenum" id="Page_151">151</span>
-have not <i>destroyed</i> the power of chemical affinity,
-but modified it in a wonderful and beautiful
-manner. Here are some pieces of zinc covered
-with mercury, exactly in the same way as the
-zinc in that retort is covered; and if I put this
-plate into sulphuric acid, I get no gas&mdash;but this
-most extraordinary thing occurs, that if I introduce
-along with the zinc another metal which is
-<i>not</i> so combustible, then I reproduce all the action.
-I am now going to put to the amalgamated
-zinc in this retort some portions of copper wire
-(copper not being so combustible a metal as the
-zinc), and observe how I get hydrogen again.
-As in the first instance, there the bubbles are
-coming over through the pneumatic trough, and
-ascending faster and faster in the jar. The zinc
-now is acting by reason of its contact with the
-copper.</p>
-
-<p>Every step we are now taking brings us to a
-knowledge of new phenomena. That hydrogen
-which you now see coming off so abundantly
-does not come from the zinc, as it did before,
-<i>but from the copper</i>. Here is a jar containing
-a solution of copper. If I put a piece of this
-amalgamated zinc into it, and leave it there, it<span class="pagenum" id="Page_152">152</span>
-has scarcely any action; and here is a plate of
-platinum, which I will immerse in the same
-solution, and might leave it there for hours,
-days, months, or even years, and no action
-would take place. But by putting them both
-together, and allowing them to touch (fig. 44),
-you see what a coating of copper there is
-immediately thrown down on the platinum.
-Why is this? The platinum has no power of
-itself to reduce that metal from that fluid, but it
-has in some mysterious way received this power
-by its contact with the metal zinc. Here, then,
-you see a strange transfer of chemical force from
-one metal to another&mdash;the chemical force from
-the zinc is transferred, and made over to the
-platinum by the mere association of the two
-metals. I might take, instead of the platinum, a<span class="pagenum" id="Page_153">153</span>
-piece of copper or of silver, and it would have
-no action of its own on this solution; but the
-moment the zinc was introduced and touched
-the other metal, then the action would take
-place, and it would become covered with copper.
-Now, is not this most wonderful and beautiful
-to see? We still have the identical chemical
-force of the particles of zinc acting, and yet in
-some strange manner we have power to make
-that chemical force, or something it produces,
-travel from one place to another&mdash;for we do
-make the chemical force travel from the zinc to
-the platinum by this very curious experiment of
-using the two metals in the same fluid in contact
-with each other.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_044_045.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 44. and Fig. 45.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Let us now examine these phenomena a little
-more closely. Here is a drawing (fig. 45) in
-which I have represented a vessel containing the
-acid liquid, and the slips of zinc and platinum
-or copper, and I have shewn them touching each
-other <i>outside</i> by means of a wire coming from
-each of them (for it matters not whether they
-touch in the fluid or outside&mdash;by pieces of metal
-attached&mdash;they still by that communication
-between them have this power transferred from<span class="pagenum" id="Page_154">154</span>
-one to another). Now, if instead of only using
-one vessel, as I have shewn there, I take
-another, and another, and put in zinc and
-platinum, zinc and platinum, zinc and platinum,
-and connect the platinum of one vessel with the
-zinc of another, the platinum of this vessel with
-the zinc of that, and so on, we should only be
-using a series of these vessels instead of one.
-This we have done in that arrangement which
-you see behind me. I am using what we call a
-Grove’s voltaic battery, in which one metal is
-zinc, and the other platinum, and I have as
-many as forty pairs of these plates all exercising
-their force at once in sending the whole amount
-of chemical power there evolved through these
-wires under the floor, and up to these two rods
-coming through the table. We need do no
-more than just bring these two ends in contact,
-when the spark shews us what power is present;
-and what a strange thing it is to see that this
-force is brought away from the battery behind
-me, and carried along through these wires. I
-have here an apparatus (fig. 46) which Sir
-Humphry Davy constructed many years ago, in
-order to see whether this power from the voltaic<span class="pagenum" id="Page_155">155</span>
-battery caused bodies to attract each other in
-the same manner as the ordinary electricity did.
-He made it in order to experiment with his
-large voltaic battery, which was the most powerful
-then in existence. You see there are in this
-glass jar two leaves of gold, which I can cause
-to move to and fro by this rack-work. I will
-connect each of these gold leaves with separate
-ends of this battery; and, if I have a sufficient
-number of plates in the battery, I shall be able
-to shew you that there will be some attraction<span class="pagenum" id="Page_156">156</span>
-between those leaves, even before they come in
-contact. If I bring them sufficiently near when
-they are in communication with the ends of the
-battery, they will be drawn gently together; and
-you will know when this takes place, because
-the power will cause the gold leaves to burn
-away, which they could only do when they
-touched each other. Now, I am going to cause
-these two leaves of gold to approach gradually,
-and I have no doubt that some of you will see
-that they approach before they burn; and those
-who are too far off to see them approach will
-see by their burning that they have come
-together. Now they are attracting each other,
-long before the connection is complete; and
-there they go! burnt up in that brilliant flash&mdash;so
-strong is the force. You thus see, from the
-attractive force at the two ends of this battery,
-that these are really and truly electrical phenomena.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_046_047.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 46. and Fig. 47.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Now, let us consider what is this spark. I
-take these two ends and bring them together,
-and there I get this glorious spark, like the
-sunlight in the heavens above us. What is
-this? It is the same thing which you saw<span class="pagenum" id="Page_157">157</span>
-when I discharged the large electrical machine,
-when you saw one single bright flash; it is
-the same thing, only <i>continued</i>, because here we
-have a more effective arrangement. Instead
-of having a machine which we are obliged to
-turn for a long time together, we have here a
-<i>chemical</i> power which sends forth the spark;
-and it is wonderful and beautiful to see how
-this spark is carried about through these wires.
-I want you to perceive, if possible, that this
-very spark and the heat it produces (for there
-is heat) is neither more nor less than the
-chemical force of the zinc&mdash;its <i>very</i> force
-carried along wires and conveyed to this place.
-I am about to take a portion of the zinc and
-burn it in oxygen gas, for the sake of shewing
-you the kind of light produced by the actual
-combustion in oxygen gas of some of this
-metal. [A tassel of zinc-foil was ignited at a
-spirit-lamp, and introduced into a jar of oxygen,
-when it burnt with a brilliant light.] That
-shews you what the affinity is when we come
-to consider it in its energy and power. And
-the zinc is being burned in the battery behind
-me at a much more rapid rate than you see in<span class="pagenum" id="Page_158">158</span>
-that jar, because the zinc is there dissolving
-and <i>burning</i>, and produces here this great
-electric light. That very same power, which in
-that jar you saw evolved from the actual combustion
-of the zinc in oxygen, is carried along
-these wires and made evident here; and you
-may, if you please, consider that the zinc is
-burning in those cells, and that <i>this</i> is the light
-of that burning [bringing the two poles in contact,
-and shewing the electric light]; and we
-might so arrange our apparatus as to shew that
-the amounts of power evolved in either case
-are identical. Having thus obtained power
-over the chemical force, how wonderfully we
-are able to convey it from place to place!
-When we use gunpowder for explosive purposes,
-we can send into the mine chemical affinity by
-means of this electricity; not having provided
-fire beforehand, we can send it in at the
-moment we require it. Now, here (fig. 47) is
-a vessel containing two charcoal points, and I
-bring it forward as an illustration of the wonderful
-power of conveying this force from place
-to place. I have merely to connect these by
-means of wires to the opposite ends of the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_159">159</span>
-battery, and bring the points in contact. See
-what an exhibition of force we have! We
-have exhausted the air so that the charcoal
-cannot burn; and, therefore, the light you see is
-really the burning of the zinc in the cells behind
-me&mdash;there is no disappearance of the carbon,
-although we have that glorious electric light;
-and the moment I cut off the connection, it
-stops. Here is a better instance to enable some
-of you to see the certainty with which we can
-convey this force, where, under ordinary circumstances,
-chemical affinity would not act.
-We may absolutely take these two charcoal
-poles down under water, and get our electric
-light there;&mdash;there they are in the water, and
-you observe, when I bring them into connection,
-we have the same light as we had in that glass
-vessel.</p>
-
-<p>Now, besides this production of light, we
-have all the other effects and powers of burning
-zinc. I have a few wires here which are
-not combustible, and I am going to take one
-of them, a small platinum wire, and suspend
-it between these two rods, which are connected
-with the battery; and, when contact is made<span class="pagenum" id="Page_160">160</span>
-at the battery, see what heat we get (fig. 48).
-Is not that beautiful?&mdash;it is a complete bridge
-of power. There is metallic connection all the
-way round in this arrangement; and where I
-have inserted the platinum, which offers some
-resistance to the passage of the force, you see
-what an amount of heat is evolved,&mdash;this is
-the heat which the zinc would give if burnt
-in oxygen; but as it is being burnt in the
-voltaic battery, it is giving it out at this spot.
-I will now shorten this wire for the sake of
-shewing you, that the shorter the obstructing
-wire is, the more and more intense is the
-heat, until at last our platinum is fused and
-falls down, breaking off the circuit.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_048.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 48.</div>
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_049.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 49.]</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Here is another instance. I will take a<span class="pagenum" id="Page_161">161</span>
-piece of the metal silver, and place it on charcoal,
-connected with one end of the battery,
-and lower the other charcoal pole on to it.
-See how brilliantly it burns (fig. 49). Here is
-a piece of iron on the charcoal&mdash;see what a
-combustion is going on; and we might go on
-in this way, burning almost everything we
-place between the poles. Now, I want to shew
-you that this power is still chemical affinity&mdash;that
-if we call the power which is evolved at
-this point <i>heat</i>, or <i>electricity</i>, or any other name
-referring to its source, or the way in which it
-travels, we still shall find it to be chemical
-action. Here is a coloured liquid which can
-shew by its change of colour the effects of
-chemical action. I will pour part of it into
-this glass, and you will find that these wires<span class="pagenum" id="Page_162">162</span>
-have a very strong action. I am not going to
-shew you any effects of combustion or heat;
-but I will take these two platinum plates, and
-fasten one to the one pole, and the other to
-the other end, and place them in this solution,
-and in a very short time you will see the
-blue colour will be entirely destroyed. See, it
-is colourless now!&mdash;I have merely brought the
-end of the wires into the solution of indigo,
-and the power of electricity has come through
-these wires, and made itself evident by its
-chemical action. There is also another curious
-thing to be noticed, now we are dealing with
-the chemistry of electricity, which is, that the
-chemical power which destroys the colour is
-only due to the action on one side. I will
-pour some more of this sulpho-indigotic acid<a id="FNanchor_23_24" href="#Footnote_23_24" class="fnanchor">23</a>
-into a flat dish, and will then make a porous
-dyke of sand, separating the two portions of
-fluid into two parts (fig. 50); and now we
-shall be able to see whether there is any difference
-in the two ends of the battery, and
-which it is that possesses this peculiar action.
-You see it is the one on my right hand which
-has the power of destroying the blue&mdash;for the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_163">163</span>
-portion on that side is thoroughly bleached&mdash;while
-nothing has apparently occurred on the
-other side. I say <i>apparently</i>, for you must not
-imagine that, because you cannot perceive any
-action, none has taken place.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_050.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 50.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Here we have another instance of chemical
-action. I take these platinum plates again, and
-immerse them in this solution of copper, from
-which we formerly precipitated some of the
-metal, when the platinum and zinc were both
-put in it together. You see that these two
-platinum plates have no chemical action of
-any kind&mdash;they might remain in the solution
-as long as I liked, without having any power
-of themselves to reduce the copper;&mdash;but the
-moment I bring the two poles of the battery
-in contact with them, the chemical action,
-which is there transformed into electricity and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_164">164</span>
-carried along the wires, again becomes chemical
-action at the two platinum poles; and
-now we shall have the power appearing on
-the left-hand side, and throwing down the
-copper in the metallic state on the platinum
-plate; and in this way I might give you
-many instances of the extraordinary way in
-which this chemical action, or electricity, may
-be carried about. That strange nugget of gold,
-of which there is a model in the other room&mdash;and
-which has an interest of its own in the
-natural history of gold, and which came from
-Ballarat, and was worth £8,000, or £9,000,
-when it was melted down last November&mdash;was
-brought together in the bowels of the earth,
-perhaps ages and ages ago, by some such power
-as this. And there is also another beautiful
-result dependent upon chemical affinity in
-that fine lead-tree<a id="FNanchor_24_25" href="#Footnote_24_25" class="fnanchor">24</a>&mdash;the lead growing and
-growing by virtue of this power. The lead
-and the zinc are combined together in a little
-voltaic arrangement, in a manner far more
-important than the powerful one you see here;
-because, in nature, these minute actions are
-going on for ever, and are of great and won<span class="pagenum" id="Page_165">165</span>derful
-importance in the precipitation of metals
-and formation of mineral veins, and so forth.
-These actions are not for a limited time, like
-my battery here, but they act for ever in
-small degrees, accumulating more and more of
-the results.</p>
-
-<p>I have here given you all the illustrations
-that time will permit me to shew you of
-chemical affinity producing electricity, and electricity
-again becoming chemical affinity. Let
-that suffice for the present, and let us now go a
-little deeper into the subject of this chemical
-force, or this electricity&mdash;which shall I name
-first&mdash;the one producing the other in a variety
-of ways? These forces are also wonderful in
-their power of producing another of the forces
-we have been considering, namely, that of magnetism;
-and you know that it is only of late
-years, and long since I was born, that the discovery
-of the relations of these two forces of
-electricity and chemical affinity to produce
-magnetism have become known. Philosophers
-had been suspecting this affinity for a long
-time, and had long had great hopes of success;
-for in the pursuit of science we first start with<span class="pagenum" id="Page_166">166</span>
-hopes and expectations. These we realise and
-establish, never again to be lost, and upon
-them we found new expectations of further
-discoveries, and so go on pursuing, realising,
-establishing, and founding new hopes again and
-again.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_051.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 51.</div>
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_052.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 52.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Now, observe this: here is a piece of wire
-which I am about to make into a bridge of
-force&mdash;that is to say, a communicator between
-the two ends of the battery. It is copper wire
-only, and is therefore not magnetic of itself. We
-will examine this wire with our magnetic needle
-(fig. 51); and though connected with one extreme
-end of the battery, you see that, before
-the circuit is completed, it has no power over
-the magnet. But observe it when I make contact;
-watch the needle&mdash;see how it is swung
-round, and notice how indifferent it becomes<span class="pagenum" id="Page_167">167</span>
-if I break contact again; so you see we have
-this wire evidently affecting the magnetic needle
-under these circumstances. Let me shew you
-that a little more strongly. I have here a
-quantity of wire, which has been wound into a
-spiral; and this will affect the magnetic needle
-in a very curious manner, because, owing to its
-shape, it will act very like a real magnet. The
-copper spiral has no power over that magnetic
-needle at present; but if I cause the electric
-current to circulate through it, by bringing the
-two ends of the battery in contact with the ends
-of the wire which forms the spiral, what will
-happen? Why, one end of the needle is most
-powerfully drawn to it; and if I take the other
-end of the needle, it is repelled: so you see I
-have produced exactly the same phenomena
-as I had with the bar magnet,&mdash;one end attracting,
-and the other repelling. Is not this, then,
-curious, to see that we can construct a magnet
-of copper? Furthermore, if I take an iron bar,
-and put it inside the coil, so long as there is
-no electric current circulating round, it has no
-attraction,&mdash;as you will observe if I bring a little
-iron filings or nails near the iron. But now, if<span class="pagenum" id="Page_168">168</span>
-I make contact with the battery, they are attracted
-at once. It becomes at once a powerful
-magnet&mdash;so much so, that I should not wonder
-if these magnetic needles on different parts of
-the table pointed to it. And I will shew you
-by another experiment what an attraction it has.
-This piece and that piece of iron, and many
-other pieces, are now strongly attracted (fig. 52);
-but as soon as I break contact, the power is all
-gone, and they fall. What, then, can be a better
-or a stronger proof than this of the relation of
-the powers of magnetism and electricity? Again,
-here is a little piece of iron which is not yet
-magnetised. It will not at present take up
-any one of these nails; but I will take a piece<span class="pagenum" id="Page_169">169</span>
-of wire and coil it round the iron (the wire being
-covered with cotton in every part, it does not
-touch the iron), so that the current must go
-round in this spiral coil. I am, in fact, preparing
-an <i>electro-magnet</i> (we are obliged to use
-such terms to express our meaning, because it
-is a magnet made by electricity&mdash;because we
-produce by the force of electricity a magnet of
-far greater power than a permanent steel one).
-It is now completed, and I will repeat the
-experiment which you saw the other day, of
-building up a bridge of iron nails. The contact
-is now made, and the current is going through;
-it is now a powerful magnet. Here are the iron
-nails which we had the other day; and now I
-have brought this magnet near them, they are
-clinging so hard that I can scarcely move them
-with my hand (fig. 53). But when the contact
-is broken, see how they fall. What can shew
-you better than such an experiment as this the
-magnetic attraction with which we have endowed
-these portions of iron? Here, again, is a
-fine illustration of this strong power of magnetism.
-It is a magnet of the same sort as the one you
-have just seen. I am about to make the current<span class="pagenum" id="Page_170">170</span>
-of electricity pass through the wires which are
-round this iron for the purpose of shewing you
-what powerful effects we get. Here are the
-poles of the magnet; and let us place on one
-of them this long bar of iron. You see, as soon
-as contact is made, how it rises in position
-(fig. 54); and if I take such a piece as this
-cylinder, and place it on, woe be to me if I get
-my finger between: I can roll it over, but if I
-try to pull it off, I might lift up the whole
-magnet; but I have no power to overcome the
-magnetic power which is here evident. I might
-give you an infinity of illustrations of this high
-magnetic power. There is that long bar of iron<span class="pagenum" id="Page_171">171</span>
-held out; and I have no doubt that, if I were to
-examine the other end, I should find that it was
-a magnet. See what power it must have to
-support not only these nails but all those
-lumps of iron hanging on to the end. What,
-then, can surpass these evidences of the change
-of chemical force into electricity, and electricity
-into magnetism? I might shew you many
-other experiments whereby I could obtain
-electricity and chemical action, heat and light,
-from a magnet; but what more need I shew
-you to prove the universal correlation of the
-physical forces of matter, and their mutual conversion
-one into another?</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_053.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 53.</div>
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_054.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 54.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>And now, let us give place, as juveniles, to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_172">172</span>
-the respect we owe to our elders; and for a
-time let me address myself to those of our
-seniors who have honoured me with their presence
-during these lectures. I wish to claim
-this moment for the purpose of tendering our
-thanks to them, and my thanks to you all,
-for the way in which you have borne the inconvenience
-that I at first subjected you to. I
-hope that the insight which you have here
-gained into some of the laws by which the
-universe is governed, may be the occasion of
-some amongst you turning your attention to these
-subjects; for what study is there more fitted
-to the mind of man than that of the physical
-sciences? And what is there more capable of
-giving him an insight into the actions of those
-laws, a knowledge of which gives interest to the
-most trifling phenomenon of nature, and makes
-the observing student find&mdash;</p>
-
-<p>
-“&mdash;&mdash;tongues in trees, books in the running brooks,<br />
-Sermons in stones, and good in everything?”<br />
-</p>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-</div><div class="chapter">
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_173">173</span></p>
-
-
-
-
-
-<h2 title="LIGHT-HOUSE ILLUMINATION">LECTURE<br />
-
-<span class="xs">ON</span><br />
-
-<small>LIGHT-HOUSE ILLUMINATION&mdash;THE ELECTRIC
-LIGHT.</small></h2>
-
-
-<p class="center">[<i>Delivered before the Royal Institution on Friday,
-9th March, 1860.</i>]</p>
-
-
-<p>There is no part of my life which gives
-me more delight than my connection
-with the Trinity House. The occupation of
-nations joined together to guide the mariner
-over the sea, to all a point of great interest,
-is infinitely more so to those who are concerned
-in the operations which they carry into
-effect; and it certainly has astonished me, since
-I have been connected with the Trinity House,
-to see how beautifully and how wonderfully
-shines forth amongst nations at large the desire
-to do good; and you will not regret having
-come here to-night, if you follow me in the
-various attempts which have been made to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_174">174</span>
-carry out the great object of guiding in safety
-all people across the dark and dreary waste of
-waters. It is wonderful to think how eagerly
-efforts at improvement are made by the various
-public bodies&mdash;the Trinity House in this country,
-and Commissions in France and other nations;
-and whilst the improvements progress, we come
-to the knowledge of such curious difficulties, and
-such odd modes of getting over those difficulties,
-as are not easy to be conceived. I must ask
-you this evening to follow me from the simplest
-possible method of giving a sign by means of a
-light to persons at a distance, to the modes at
-which we have arrived in the present day; and
-to consider the difficulties which arise when
-carrying out these improvements to a practical
-result, and the extraordinary care which those
-who have to judge on these points must take
-in order to guard against the too hasty adoption
-of some fancied improvement, thus, as has
-happened in some few cases, doing harm instead
-of good.</p>
-
-<p>If I try to make you understand these
-things partly by old models, and partly by
-those which we have here, it is only that I may<span class="pagenum" id="Page_175">175</span>
-the better be enabled to illustrate that which
-I look forward to as the higher mode of
-lighting, by means of the electric lamp and
-the lime light.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_055.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 55.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>There is nothing more simple than a candle
-being set down in a cottage window to guide
-a husband to his home; but when we want
-to make a similar guide on a large scale,
-not merely over a river or over a moor, but
-over large expanses of sea, how can we then
-make the signal, using only a candle? I
-have shewn in this diagram (fig. 55) what we
-may imagine to be the rays of a candle or
-any other source of light emanating from the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_176">176</span>
-centre of a sphere in all directions round to
-infinite distances. After this simple kind of
-light had been used for some time&mdash;it being
-found to be liable to be obscured by fogs, or
-distance, or other circumstance&mdash;there arose the
-attempt to make larger lights by means of
-fires; and after that there was introduced a
-very important refinement in the mode of dealing
-with the light, namely, the principle of
-reflection,&mdash;for, understand this (which is not
-known by all, and not known by many who
-should know it), that when we take a source
-of light&mdash;a single candle, for instance, giving off
-any quantity of light&mdash;we can by no means
-increase that light: we can make arrangements
-around and about the light, as you see here,
-but we can by no means <i>increase the quantity</i>
-of light. The utmost I can do is to <i>direct</i>
-the light which the lamp gives me by taking
-a certain portion of the rays going off on one
-side and reflecting them on to the course of
-the rays which issue in the opposite direction.
-First of all, let us consider how we may gather
-in the rays of light which pass off from this
-candle. You will easily see that if I could<span class="pagenum" id="Page_177">177</span>
-take the half-rays on the one side, and could
-send them by any contrivance over to the other
-side, I should gain an advantage in light on the
-side to which I directed them. This is effected
-in a beautiful manner by the parabolic mirror,
-by means of which I gather all that portion of
-the rays which are included in it&mdash;upwards,
-downwards, sideways, anywhere within its sphere
-of action: they are all picked up and sent
-forward. You thus see what a beautiful and
-important invention is that of the parabolic
-reflector for throwing forward the rays of
-light.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_056.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 56.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>Before I go further into the subject of
-reflection, let me point out a further mode
-of dealing with the direction of the light.
-For instance, here is a candle, and I can employ
-the principle of <i>refraction</i> to bend and direct
-the rays of light; and if I want to increase the
-light in any one direction, I must either take<span class="pagenum" id="Page_178">178</span>
-a reflector or use the principle of refraction. I
-will place this lens (fig. 56) in front of the
-candle, and you will easily see that by its means
-I can throw on to that sheet of paper a great
-light; that is to say, that instead of the light
-being thrown all about, it is <i>refracted</i> and concentrated
-on to that paper. So here I have
-another means of bending the light and sending
-it in one direction; and you see above a still
-better arrangement for the same purpose,&mdash;one
-which comes up to the maximum, I may say,
-of the ability of directing light by this means.
-You are aware that without that arrangement
-of glass the light would be dispersed in all
-directions; but the lens being there, all the
-light which passes through it is thrown into
-parallel beams and cast horizontally along.
-There is consequently no loss of light&mdash;the
-beam goes forward of the same dimensions, and
-will consequently continue to go forward for
-five or ten miles, or so long as the imperfection
-of the atmosphere does not absorb it: and see,
-what a glorious power that is, to be able to
-convert what was just now darkness on that
-paper into brilliant light!</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_179">179</span></p>
-
-<p>Whenever we have refraction of this sort, we
-are liable to an evil consequent upon the
-necessary imperfections in the form of the lens;
-and Dr. Tyndall will take this lens, and will
-shew you even in this small and perfect
-apparatus what is the evil of spherical aberration
-with which we have to fight. This can
-be illustrated by means of the electric lamp: if
-you look at the screen, you will see produced,
-by means of this lens, a figure of the coal points.
-This image is produced by the rays which pass
-through the <i>middle</i> of the lens, a piece of card
-with a hole in the centre being placed in front;
-but if, keeping the rest of the apparatus in
-the same position, I change this card for
-another piece which will only allow the rays
-to pass through the <i>edge</i> of the lens, you
-observe how inferior the image will be. In
-order to get it distinct, I have to bring the
-screen much nearer the lamp; and so, if I take
-the card away altogether, and allow the light
-to pass through all parts of the lens, we cannot
-get a perfect image, because the different parts
-of the lens are not able to act together. This
-spherical aberration is, therefore, what we try<span class="pagenum" id="Page_180">180</span>
-to avoid by building up compound lenses in
-the manner here shewn (fig. 58). Look at this
-beautiful apparatus&mdash;is it not a most charming
-piece of workmanship? Buffon first, and Fresnel
-afterwards, built up these kind of lenses, ring
-within ring, each at its proper adjustment, to
-compensate for the effects of spherical aberration.
-The ring round that centre lens is ground
-so as to obviate what would otherwise give rise
-to spherical aberration; and the next ring being
-corrected in the same manner, you will perceive,
-if you look at the disc of light thrown by the
-apparatus upstairs, that there is nothing like the
-amount of aberration that there would have
-been if it had been one great bull’s-eye. Here
-is one of Fresnel’s lamps of the fourth order
-so constructed (fig. 57): observe the fine effect
-obtained by these different lenses, as you see
-them revolve before you, and understand that
-all this upper part is made to form part of
-the lens, each prism throwing its rays to increase
-the effect; and although you may think it is
-imperfect, because, if you happen to sit below or
-above the horizontal line, you perceive but little
-if any of the light, yet you must bear in mind<span class="pagenum" id="Page_181">181</span>
-that we want the rays to go in a straight line to
-the horizon. So that all that building up of
-rings of glass is for the purpose of producing one
-fine and glorious lens of a large size, to send
-the rays all in one direction. Here is another
-apparatus used to pull the rays down to a
-horizontal sheet of light, so that the mariner
-may see it as a constant and uniform fixed
-light. The former lamp is a revolving one,
-and the light is seen only at certain times,
-as the lenses move round, and these are the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_182">182</span>
-points which make them valuable in their
-application.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_057.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 57.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>There are various orders and sizes of lights
-in light-houses, to shine for twenty or thirty
-miles over the sea, and to give indications
-according to the purposes for which they are
-required; but suppose we want more effect
-than is produced by these means, how are
-we to get more light? Here comes the difficulty.
-We cannot get more light, because we
-are limited by the condition of the burner.
-In any of these cases, if the spreading of the
-ray, or <i>divergence</i>, as it is called, is not restrained,
-it soon fails from weakness; and if
-it does not diverge at all, it makes the light
-so small, that perhaps only one in a hundred
-can see it at the same time. The South
-Foreland light-house is, I think, 300 or 400
-feet above the level of the sea; and therefore
-it is necessary to have a certain divergence
-of the beam of light, in order that it may
-shine along the sea to the horizon. I have
-drawn here two wedges&mdash;one has an angle of
-15°, and shews you the manner in which the
-light opens out from this reflector, seen at the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_183">183</span>
-distance of half-a-mile or more; the other
-wedge has an angle of 6°, which is the beautiful
-angle of Fresnel. When the angle is less
-than 6°, the mariner is not quite sure that he
-will see the light&mdash;he may be beneath or
-above it; and, in practice, it is found that
-we cannot have a larger angle than 15°, or a
-less one than 6°. In order, therefore, to get
-more light, we must have more combustion,
-more cotton, more oil; but already there are
-in that lamp four wicks, put in concentric
-rings, one within the other; and we cannot
-increase them much more, owing to the divergence
-which would be caused by an increase in
-the size of the light&mdash;the more the divergence,
-the more the light is diffused and lost. We
-are therefore restrained, by the condition of
-the light and the apparatus, to a certain sized
-lamp. At Teignmouth, some of the revolving
-lights have ten lamps and reflectors, all throwing
-their light forward at once. But even
-with ten lamps and reflectors, we do not get
-sufficient light; and we want, therefore, a
-means of getting a light more intense than a
-candle in the space of a candle&mdash;not merely<span class="pagenum" id="Page_184">184</span>
-an accumulation of candle upon candle, but a
-concentration, into the space of a candle, of
-a greater amount of light; and it is here that
-the electric light comes to be of so much
-value.</p>
-
-<p>Let me now shew you what are the properties
-of that light which make it useful for
-light-house illumination, and which has been
-brought to a practical condition by the energy
-and constancy of Professor Holmes. I will,
-first of all, shew you the image of the charcoal
-points on the screen, and draw your
-attention to the spot where the light is produced.
-There are the coal points. The two
-carbons are brought within a certain distance;
-the electricity is being urged across by the
-voltaic battery, and the coal points are brought
-into an intense state of ignition. You will
-observe that the light is essentially given by
-the carbons. You see that one is much more
-luminous than the other, and that is the end
-which principally forms the spark. The other
-does not shine so much, and there is a space
-between the two, which, although not very
-luminous, is most important to the production<span class="pagenum" id="Page_185">185</span>
-of the light. Dr. Tyndall will help me in
-shewing you that a blast of wind will blow
-out that light&mdash;the electric light can, in fact,
-be blown out easier than a candle. We have
-the power of getting our light where we
-please. If I cause the electricity to pass between
-carbon and mercury, I get a most
-intense and beautiful light&mdash;most of it being
-given off from the portion of the mercury
-between the liquid and the solid pole. I can
-shew you that the light is sometimes produced
-by the vapour between the two poles better,
-if I take silver, than when I use mercury.
-Here is the carbon pole, there is the silver,
-and there is the beautiful green light, which
-comes from the intervening portions. Now,
-that light is more easily blown out than the
-common lamp, the slightest puff of wind
-being sufficient to extinguish it, as you will
-see if Dr. Tyndall breathes upon it.</p>
-
-<p>You see, therefore, how we are able, by using
-this electric spark, to get, first of all, the light
-into a very small space. That oil-lamp has
-a burner 3¾ inches in diameter. Compare the
-size of the flame with the space occupied by<span class="pagenum" id="Page_186">186</span>
-this electric light. Next, compare the intensity
-of this light with any other. If I take
-this candle, and place it by the side, I actually
-seem to put out the candle. We are thus
-able to get a light which, while it surpasses
-all others in brilliancy, is at the same time
-not too large; for I might put this light into
-an apparatus not larger than a hat, and yet
-I could count upon the rays being useful.
-Moreover, when such large burners are used in
-a lantern, we have to consider whether the
-bars of the window do not interfere to throw
-a shadow or otherwise; but with this light
-there will be no difficulty of that sort, as a
-single small speculum, no larger than a hat,
-will send it in any direction we please; and
-it is wonderful what advantages, by reason of
-its small bulk, we have in the consideration
-of the different kinds of apparatus required,
-reflecting or refracting, irrespective of other
-reasons for using the electric light. And it is
-these kind of things which make us decide
-most earnestly and carefully in favour of the
-electric light.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_058.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 58.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>I am going to shew you the effect that will<span class="pagenum" id="Page_187">187</span>
-take place with that large lens, when we throw
-the oil-lamp out of action, and put the electric
-light into use. It is astonishing to find how
-little the eye can compare the relative intensities
-of two lights. Look at that screen, and
-try to recollect the amount of light thrown
-upon it from the 3¾ inch lamp of Fresnel;
-and, now, when we shift the lens sideways,
-look at the glorious light arising from that
-small carbon point (fig. 58)&mdash;see how beautifully
-it shines in the focus of that lens, and
-throws the rays forward. At present, the
-electric light is put at just the same distance
-as the oil light; and therefore, being in the
-focus of the lens, we have parallel rays which
-are thrown forward in a perfectly straight line&mdash;as
-you will see by comparing the size of<span class="pagenum" id="Page_188">188</span>
-the lens with that of the light thrown on the
-screen. You will now see how far we can
-affect this beam of light by increasing or
-diminishing the distance of the lamp. We
-are able, by a small adjustment, to get a
-beam of a large or small angle; and observe
-what power I have now over it,&mdash;for if I
-want to increase the degrees of divergence, I
-am limited by the power of light, in the case
-of the oil-lamp; but, with the electric light,
-I can make it spread over any width of the
-horizon by this simple adjustment. These,
-then, are some of the reasons which make it
-desirable to employ the electric light.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/fig_059.jpg" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">Fig. 59.</div>
-</div>
-
-<p>By means of a magnet, and of motion, we
-can get the same kind of electricity as I have
-here from the battery; and, under the authority
-of the Trinity House, Professor Holmes has
-been occupied in introducing the magneto-electric
-light in the light-house at the South
-Foreland; for the voltaic battery has been
-tried under every conceivable circumstance, and,
-I take the liberty of saying, it has hitherto
-proved a decided failure. Here, however, is
-an instrument wrought only by mechanical<span class="pagenum" id="Page_189">189</span>
-motion. The moment we give motion to this
-soft iron in front of the magnet, we get a
-spark. It is true, in this apparatus it is very
-small, but it is sufficient for you to judge of
-its character. It is the <i>magneto-electric</i> light;
-and an instrument has been constructed, as
-there shewn (fig. 59), which represents a number
-of magnets placed radially upon a wheel&mdash;three
-wheels of magnets and two sets of
-helices. When the machine, which is worked<span class="pagenum" id="Page_190">190</span>
-by a two-horse power engine, is properly set
-in motion, and the different currents are all
-brought together, and thrown by Professor
-Holmes up into the lantern, we have a light
-equal to the one we have been using this
-evening. For the last six months the South
-Foreland has been shining by means of this
-electric light&mdash;beyond all comparison, better
-than its former light. It has shone into France,
-and has been seen there and taken notice of by
-the authorities, who work with beautiful accord
-with us in all these matters. Never for once
-during six months has it failed in doing its
-duty&mdash;never once&mdash;more than was expected by
-the inventor. It has shone forth with its
-own peculiar character, and this even with the
-old apparatus; for, as yet, no attempt has
-been made to construct special reflectors or
-refractors for it, because it is not yet established.
-I will not tell you that the problem
-of employing the magneto-electric spark for
-light-house illumination is quite solved yet,
-although I desire it should be established
-most earnestly (for I regard this magnetic
-spark as one of my own offspring). The thing<span class="pagenum" id="Page_191">191</span>
-is not yet decidedly accomplished, and what
-the considerations of expense and other matters
-may be, I cannot tell. I am only here
-to tell you as a philosopher, how far the
-results have been carried; but I do hope that
-the authorities will find it a proper thing to
-carry out in full. If it cannot be introduced
-at all the light-houses&mdash;if it can only be used at
-one&mdash;why, really, it will be an honour to the
-nation which can originate such an improvement
-as this&mdash;one which must of necessity
-be followed by other nations.</p>
-
-<p>You may ask, what is the use of this bright
-light? It would not be useful to us, were it
-not for the constant changes which are taking
-place in the atmosphere, which is never pure.
-Even when we can see the stars clearly on a
-bright night, it is not a pure atmosphere. The
-light of a light-house, more than any other, is
-liable to be dimmed by vapours and fogs; and
-where we most want this great power, is not in
-the finest condition of the atmosphere, but
-when the mariner is in danger&mdash;when the sleet
-and rain are falling, and the fogs arise, and the
-winds are blowing, and he is nearing coasts<span class="pagenum" id="Page_192">192</span>
-where the water is shallow, and abounds with
-rocks,&mdash;then is his time of danger, when he
-most wants this light. I am going to shew you
-how, by means of a little steam, I can completely
-obscure this glorious sun, this electric
-light which you see. The cloud now obscuring
-the light on the screen is only such a cloud
-as you see when sitting in a train on a fine
-summer’s day. You may observe that the vapour
-passing out of the funnel casts as deep a shadow
-on the ground as the black funnel; the very
-sun itself is extinguished by the steam from the
-funnel, so that it cannot give any light; and
-the sun itself, if set in the light-house, would not
-be able to penetrate such a vapour.</p>
-
-<p>Now, the haze of this cloud of steam is just
-what we have to overcome, and the electric
-light is as soon, proportionally, extinguished
-by an obstruction of this kind as any other
-light. If we take two lights, one four times the
-intensity of the other, and we extinguish half of
-one by a vapour, we extinguish half of the
-other&mdash;and that is a fact which cannot be set
-aside by any arrangement. But, then, we fall
-back upon the <i>amount</i> of light which the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_193">193</span>
-electric spark does give us in aid of the power
-of penetrating the fog; for the light of the electric
-spark shines so far at times, that even
-before it has arisen above the horizon, twenty-five
-miles off, it can be seen. This intense light
-has, therefore, that power which we can take
-advantage of,&mdash;of bearing a great deal of obstruction,
-before it is entirely obscured by fogs
-or otherwise.</p>
-
-<p>Taking care that we do not lead our authorities
-into error by the advice given, we hope
-that we shall soon be able to recommend the
-Trinity House, from what has passed, to establish
-either one or more good electric lights in
-this country.</p>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_194">194</span></p>
-</div><div class="chapter">
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_195">195</span></p>
-
-
-
-<h2>NOTES.</h2>
-
-
-<p class="center">LECTURE I.</p>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_1_2" href="#FNanchor_1_2" class="label">1</a>
-Page 13. The opening lecture was twice postponed
-on account of Dr. Faraday’s illness.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_2_3" href="#FNanchor_2_3" class="label">2</a>
-Page 22. <i>Platinum</i>, with one exception, the heaviest
-body known, is 21½ times heavier than water.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_3_4" href="#FNanchor_3_4" class="label">3</a>
-Page 22. <i>Aluminium</i> is 2½ times heavier than
-water.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_4_5" href="#FNanchor_4_5" class="label">4</a>
-Pages 23 and 24. <i>Power or Property in Water.</i>&mdash;This
-power&mdash;the heat by which the water is kept in a
-<i>fluid</i> state&mdash;is said, under ordinary circumstances, to be
-<i>latent</i> or <i>insensible</i>. When, however, the water changes
-its form, and, by uniting with the lime or sulphate of
-copper, becomes <i>solid</i>, the heat which retained it in a
-liquid state is evolved.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_5_6" href="#FNanchor_5_6" class="label">5</a>
-Page 23. <i>Anhydrous Sulphate of Copper</i>: sulphate
-of copper deprived of its water of crystallisation. To
-obtain it, the blue sulphate is calcined in an earthen
-crucible.</p></div>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_196">196</span></p>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_6_7" href="#FNanchor_6_7" class="label">6</a>
-Page 29. <i>Add a little liquid to the marble, and
-decompose it.</i>&mdash;Marble is composed of <i>carbonic acid</i> and
-<i>lime</i>, and, in chemical language, is called <i>carbonate of
-lime</i>. When sulphuric acid is added to it, the carbonic
-acid is set free, and the sulphuric acid unites with the
-lime to form sulphate of lime.
-</p>
-<p>
-<i>Carbonic acid</i>, under ordinary circumstances, is a
-colourless invisible gas, about half as heavy again as
-air. Dr. Faraday first shewed that, under great pressure,
-it could be obtained in a liquid state. Thilorier,
-a French chemist, afterwards found that it could be
-solidified.</p></div>
-
-
-<p class="center">LECTURE II.</p>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_7_8" href="#FNanchor_7_8" class="label">7</a>
-Page 55. <i>Crystallisation of Alum.</i>&mdash;The solution
-must be saturated&mdash;that is, it must contain as much alum
-as can possibly be dissolved. In making the solution, it
-is best to add powdered alum to hot water as long as it
-dissolves; and when no more is taken up, allow the solution
-to stand a few minutes, and then pour it off from the
-dirt and undissolved alum.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_8_9" href="#FNanchor_8_9" class="label">8</a>
-Page 57. <i>Red Precipitate of Biniodide of Mercury.</i>&mdash;A
-little care is necessary to obtain this precipitate. The
-solution of potassium should be added to the solution
-of perchloride of mercury (corrosive sublimate) very
-gradually. The red precipitate which first falls is redissolved
-when the liquid is stirred: when a little more
-of the iodide of potassium is added, a pale, red<span class="pagenum" id="Page_197">197</span>
-precipitate is formed, which, on the further addition of the
-iodide, changes into the brilliant scarlet biniodide of
-mercury. If too much iodide of potassium is added, the
-scarlet precipitate disappears, and a colourless solution
-is left.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_9_10" href="#FNanchor_9_10" class="label">9</a>
-Page 57. <i>Paper Coated with Scarlet Biniodide of
-Mercury.</i>&mdash;In order to fix the biniodide on paper, it must
-be mixed with a little weak gum water, and then spread
-over the paper, which must be dried without heat.
-</p>
-<p>
-<i>Biniodide of Mercury</i> is said to be <i>dimorphous</i>; that is,
-is able to assume two different forms.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_10_11" href="#FNanchor_10_11" class="label">10</a>
-Page 59. “<i>Prince Rupert’s Drops.</i>”-These are
-made by pouring drops of melted green glass into cold
-water. They were not, as is commonly supposed, invented
-by Prince Rupert, but were first brought to England
-by him, in 1660. They excited a great deal of
-curiosity, and were considered “a kind of miracle in
-nature.”.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_11_12" href="#FNanchor_11_12" class="label">11</a>
-Page 60. <i>Thick Glass Vessels.</i>&mdash;They are called
-<i>Proofs</i> or <i>Bologna phials</i>.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_12_13" href="#FNanchor_12_13" class="label">12</a>
-Page 61. <i>Mica.</i>&mdash;A silicate of alumina and magnesia.
-It has a bright metallic lustre&mdash;hence its name,
-from <i>mico</i>, to shine.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_13_14" href="#FNanchor_13_14" class="label">13</a>
-Page 62. <i>Common salt</i>, or chloride of sodium,
-crystallises in the form of solid cubes, which, aggregated
-together, form a mass, which may be broken up into the
-separate cubes.</p></div>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_198">198</span></p>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_14_15" href="#FNanchor_14_15" class="label">14</a>
-Page 62. <i>Iceland</i> or <i>Calc Spar</i>.&mdash;Native carbonate
-of lime in its primitive crystalline form.</p></div>
-
-
-<p class="center">LECTURE III.</p>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_15_16" href="#FNanchor_15_16" class="label">15</a>
-Page 79. <i>Solution of a Salt.</i>&mdash;Acetate of soda. A
-solution saturated, or nearly so, at the boiling point, is
-necessary, and it must be allowed to cool, and remain at
-rest until the experiment is made.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_16_17" href="#FNanchor_16_17" class="label">16</a>
-Page 86. <i>Binoxide of Nitrogen and Hypo-nitrous
-Acid.</i>&mdash;Binoxide of nitrogen is formed when nitric acid
-and a little water are added to some copper turnings.
-It produces deep red fumes as soon as it comes in contact
-with the air, by combining with the oxygen of the
-latter to form hypo-nitrous acid. <i>Binoxide of nitrogen</i> is
-composed of two parts oxygen and one part of nitrogen;
-<i>hypo-nitrous acid</i> is composed of one part of nitrogen and
-three parts of oxygen.</p></div>
-
-
-<p class="center">LECTURE IV.</p>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_17_18" href="#FNanchor_17_18" class="label">17</a>
-Page 106. <i>Chlorate of Potash and Sulphuret of
-Antimony.</i>&mdash;Great care must be taken in mixing these
-substances, as the mixture is dangerously explosive.
-They must be powdered separately, and mixed together
-with a feather on a sheet of paper, or by passing them
-several times through a small sieve.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_18_19" href="#FNanchor_18_19" class="label">18</a>
-Page 107. The mixture of chlorate of potash and
-sugar does not require the same precautions. They may<span class="pagenum" id="Page_199">199</span>
-be rubbed together in a pestle and mortar without fear.
-One part of chlorate of potash and three parts of sugar
-will answer. The mixture need only be touched with a
-glass rod dipped in oil of vitriol.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_19_20" href="#FNanchor_19_20" class="label">19</a>
-Page 107. <i>Two Salts Dissolved in Water.</i>&mdash;Sulphate
-of soda and chloride of calcium. The solutions
-must be saturated for the experiment to succeed well.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_20_21" href="#FNanchor_20_21" class="label">20</a>
-Page 111. <i>Lead Pyrophorous.</i>&mdash;This is a tartrate
-of lead which has been heated in a glass tube to dull redness
-as long as vapours are emitted. As soon as they
-cease to be evolved, the end of the tube is sealed, and it
-is allowed to cool.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_21_22" href="#FNanchor_21_22" class="label">21</a>
-Page 115. <i>Gun-Cotton</i> is made by immersing
-cotton-wool in a mixture of sulphuric acid and the
-strongest nitric acid, or of sulphuric acid and nitrate of
-potash.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_22_23" href="#FNanchor_22_23" class="label">22</a>
-Page 115. <i>Paper Prepared like Gun-Cotton.</i>&mdash;It
-should be bibulous paper, and must be soaked for ten
-minutes in a mixture of ten parts by measure of oil of
-vitriol with five parts of strong fuming nitric acid. The
-paper must afterwards be thoroughly washed with warm
-distilled water, and then carefully dried at a gentle heat.
-The paper is then saturated with chlorate of strontia, or
-chlorate of baryta, or nitrate of copper, by immersion in
-a warm solution of these salts. (See <i>Chemical News</i>,
-Vol. I., page 36.)</p></div>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_200">200</span></p>
-
-
-<p class="center">LECTURE VI.</p>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_23_24" href="#FNanchor_23_24" class="label">23</a>
-Page 162. <i>Sulpho-indigotic Acid.</i>&mdash;A mixture of
-one part of indigo and fifteen parts of concentrated oil of
-vitriol. It is bleached on the side at which hydrogen
-gas is evolved, in consequence of the liberated hydrogen
-withdrawing oxygen from the indigo, thereby forming a
-colourless deoxidised indigo. In making the experiment,
-only enough of the sulpho-indigotic acid must be added to
-give the water a decided blue colour.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a id="Footnote_24_25" href="#FNanchor_24_25" class="label">24</a>
-Page 164. <i>Lead Tree.</i>&mdash;To make a lead tree, pass
-a bundle of brass wires through the cork of a bottle, and
-fasten a plate of zinc round them just as they issue from
-the cork, so that the zinc may be in contact with every
-one of the wires. Make the wires to diverge so as to
-form a sort of cone, and having filled the bottle quite
-full of a solution of sugar of lead, insert the wires and
-cork, and seal it down, so as to perfectly exclude the
-air. In a short time the metallic lead will begin to
-crystallise around the divergent wires, and form a beautiful
-object.</p></div>
-
-
-<p class="center">THE END.</p>
-
-
-<p class="center"><small>BELL AND BAIN, LIMITED, PRINTERS, GLASGOW.</small></p>
-
-<hr class="full" />
-</div><div class="chapter">
-<h2 class="invisible"><a id="Book_Catalogue"></a>Book Catalogue</h2>
-<p class="center small">
-<span class="u">Telegraphic Address&mdash;BOOKSTORE, LONDON.</span> &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class="u">Telephone No.&mdash;3524 CENTRAL.</span>
-</p>
-
-<p class="center">
-AN ALPHABETICAL CATALOGUE<br />
-OF BOOKS IN FICTION AND<br />
-GENERAL LITERATURE<br />
-PUBLISHED BY<br />
-CHATTO &amp; WINDUS<br />
-111 ST. MARTIN’S LANE<br />
-CHARING CROSS<br />
-LONDON, W.C.<br />
-[JUNE, 1904.]<br />
-</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/i_201.jpg" alt="Acorn" />
-</div>
-
-
-<div class="small">
-<p class="hang"><b>A B C (The) of Cricket</b>: a Black View of the Game. (26 Illustrations.)
-By <span class="smcap">Hugh Fielding</span>. Demy 8vo, 1<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Adams (W. Davenport), Works by.</b></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>A Dictionary of the Drama</b>: A Guide to the Plays, Playwrights, Players, and Playhouses of
-the United Kingdom and America, from the Earliest Times to the Present. Vol. I. (A to G).
-Demy 8vo, cloth, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> net. &nbsp; [<i>Shortly.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Quips and Quiddities.</b> Selected by <span class="smcap">W. Davenport Adams</span>. Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Agony Column (The) of ‘The Times,’</b> from 1800 to 1870. Edited,
-with an Introduction, by <span class="smcap">Alice Clay</span>. Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Alden (W. L.).</b>&mdash;<b>Drewitt’s Dream.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Alexander (Mrs.), Novels by.</b> Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Maid, Wife, or Widow?</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Blind Fate.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Valerie’s Fate.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Life Interest.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mona’s Choice.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>By Woman’s Wit.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Cost of her Pride.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Golden Autumn.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Barbara, Lady’s Maid and Peeress.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mrs. Crichton’s Creditor.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Missing Hero.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Fight with Fate.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Step-mother.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Allen (F. M.).</b>&mdash;<b>Green as Grass.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Allen (Grant), Works by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Evolutionist at Large.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Moorland Idylls.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Post-Prandial Philosophy.</b> Crown 8vo, art linen, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Babylon.</b> 12 Illustrations.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Strange Stories.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Beckoning Hand.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>For Maimie’s Sake.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Philistia.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In all Shades.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Devil’s Die.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>This Mortal Coil.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Tents of Shem.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Great Taboo.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dumaresq’s Daughter.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Under Sealed Orders.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Duchess of Powysland.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Blood Royal.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ivan Greet’s Masterpiece.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Scallywag.</b> 24 Illusts.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>At Market Value.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Tents of Shem.</b> <span class="smcap">Popular Edition</span>, medium 8vo, 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Anderson (Mary).</b>&mdash;<b>Othello’s Occupation.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Andrews (E. Benjamin).</b>&mdash;<b>The United States in Our Own Time.</b>
-With 500 Illustrations. Royal 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 16<i>s.</i> net.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Antrobus (C. L.), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top. 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Quality Corner.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Wildersmoor.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Wine of Finvarra.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Appleton (G. W.), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Rash Conclusions.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Lady In Sables.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Arnold (Edwin Lester), Stories by.</b></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Wonderful Adventures of Phra the Phœnician.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, with 12
-Illustrations by <span class="smcap">H. M. Paget</span>, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, Illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Constable of St. Nicholas.</b> With Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">S. L. Wood</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>;
-picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Ashton (John), Works by.</b></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon the First.</b> With 115 Illustrations. Crown
-8vo, cloth, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Social Life in the Reign of Queen Anne.</b> With 85 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Social Life under the Regency.</b> With 90 Illustrations.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Florizel’s Folly</b>: The Story of <span class="smcap">George IV</span>. With Photogravure Frontispiece and 12 Illustrations.</p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Art (The) of Amusing</b>: A Collection of Graceful Arts, Games, Tricks,
-Puzzles, and Charades. By <span class="smcap">Frank Bellew</span>. With 300 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Artemus Ward’s Works.</b> With Portrait and Facsimile. Crown 8vo,
-cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>&mdash;Also a <span class="smcap">Popular Edition</span> post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bacteria, Yeast Fungi, and Allied Species, A Synopsis of.</b> By
-<span class="smcap">W. B. Grove</span>, B.A. With 87 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bardsley (Rev. C. Wareing, M.A.), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="hang1">
-<b>English Surnames</b>: Their Sources and Significations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-<p class="hang1"><b>Curiosities of Puritan Nomenclature.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Barr (Robert), Stories by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>In a Steamer Chair.</b> With Frontispiece and Vignette by <span class="smcap">Demain Hammond</span>.</p>
-<p class="hang1"><b>From Whose Bourne, &amp;c.</b> With 47 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Hal Hurst</span> and others.</p>
-<p class="hang1"><b>Revenge!</b> With 12 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Lancelot Speed</span> and others.</p>
-<p class="hang1"><b>A Woman Intervenes.</b> With 8 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Hal Hurst</span>.</p>
-
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Unchanging East</b>: Notes on a Visit to the Farther Edge of the Mediterranean.</p>
-<p class="hang1"><b>A Prince of Good Fellows.</b> With 15 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Edmund J. Sullivan</span>.</p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Barrett (Frank), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each; cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Sin of Olga Zassoulich.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Between Life and Death.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Folly Morrison.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Little Lady Linton.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Honest Davie.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>John Ford</b>; and <b>His Helpmate</b>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Recoiling Vengeance.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Lieut. Barnabas.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Found Guilty.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>For Love and Honour.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i> each; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Fettered for Life.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Missing Witness.</b> With 8 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">W. H. Margetson</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Woman of the Iron Bracelets.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Harding Scandal.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Prodigal’s Progress.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Under a Strange Mask.</b> With 19 Illusts. by <span class="smcap">E. F. Brewtnall</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Was She Justified?</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Lady Judas.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Baring Gould</b> (<b>Sabine</b>, Author of ‘John Herring,’ &amp;c.), <b>Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Red Spider.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Eve.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Beaconsfield, Lord.</b> By <span class="smcap">T. P. O’Connor</span>, M.P. Cr. 8vo, cloth, 5<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bechstein (Ludwig).</b>&mdash;<b>As Pretty as Seven</b>, and other German
-Stories. With Additional Tales by the Brothers <span class="smcap">Grimm</span>, and 98 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Richter</span>. Square
-8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; gilt edges, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bennett (Arnold), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Anna of the Five Towns.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Leonora.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Great Man.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Grand Babylon Hotel.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Gates of Wrath.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bennett (W. C., LL.D.).</b>&mdash;<b>Songs for Sailors.</b> Post 8vo, cl. limp, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bewick (Thomas) and his Pupils.</b> By <span class="smcap">Austin Dobson</span>. With 95
-Illustrations. Square 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bierce (Ambrose).</b>&mdash;<b>In the Midst of Life</b>: Tales of Soldiers and
-Civilians. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bill Nye’s Comic History of the United States.</b> With 146 Illustrations
-by <span class="smcap">F. Opper</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bindloss (Harold), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Sower of Wheat.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Concession-Hunters.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Mistress of Bonaventure.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Ainslie’s Ju-Ju</b>: A Romance of the Hinterland. Cr. 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Blackburn’s (Henry) Art Handbooks</b>:</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Academy Notes, 1875-79.</b> In One Vol., with 600 Illustrations. Cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Academy Notes, 1890-94.</b> In One Vol., with 800 Illustrations. Cloth, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Academy Notes, 1895-99.</b> In One Vol., with 800 Illustrations. Cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Grosvenor Notes, Vol. I.. 1877-82.</b> With 300 Illustrations. Demy 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Grosvenor Notes, Vol. II., 1883-87.</b> With 300 Illustrations. Demy 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The New Gallery, 1888-92.</b> With 250 Illustrations. Demy 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>English Pictures at the National Gallery.</b> With 114 Illustrations. 1<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Old Masters at the National Gallery.</b> With 128 Illustrations. 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>An Illustrated Catalogue to the National Gallery.</b> With 242 Illustrations. Cloth, 3<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bodkin (M. McD., K.C.), Books by.</b></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dora Myrl, the Lady Detective.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Shillelagh and Shamrock.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Patsey the Omadaun.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bourget (Paul).</b>&mdash;<b>A Living Lie.</b> Translated by <span class="smcap">John de Villiers</span>.
-Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Besant (Sir Walter) and James Rice, Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="hang">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each; cloth limp. 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Ready-Money Mortiboy.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Golden Butterfly.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>My Little Girl.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>With Harp and Crown.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>This Son of Vulcan.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Monks of Thelema.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>By Celia’s Arbour.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Chaplain of the Fleet.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Seamy Side.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Case of Mr. Lucraft.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>‘Twas in Trafalgar’s Bay.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Ten Years’ Tenant.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang">⁂ There are also <span class="smcap">Library Editions</span> of all excepting the first two. Large crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Besant (Sir Walter), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="hang">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>All Sorts and Conditions of Men.</b> With 12 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Fred. Barnard</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Captains’ Room</b>, &amp;c. With Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">E. J. Wheeler</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>All in a Garden Fair.</b> With 6 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Harry Furniss</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dorothy Forster.</b> With Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Charles Green</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Uncle Jack</b>, and other Stories.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Children of Gibeon.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The World Went Very Well Then.</b> With 12 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">A. Forestier</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Herr Paulus</b>: His Rise, his Greatness, and his Fall.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Bell of St. Paul’s.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>For Faith and Freedom.</b> With Illustrations by <span class="smcap">A. Forestier</span> and <span class="smcap">F. Waddy</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>To Call Her Mine</b>, &amp;c. With 9 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">A. Forestier</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Holy Rose</b>, &amp;c. With Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">F. Barnard</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Armorel of Lyonesse</b>: A Romance of To-day. With 12 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">F. Barnard</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>St. Katherine’s by the Tower.</b> With 12 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">C. Green</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Verbena Camellia Stephanotis</b>, &amp;c. With a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Gordon Browne</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Ivory Gate.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Rebel Queen.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Beyond the Dreams of Avarice.</b> With 12 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">W. H. Hyde</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>In Deacon’s Orders</b>, &amp;c. With Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">A. Forestier</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Revolt of Man.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Master Craftsman.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The City of Refuge.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Fountain Sealed.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Changeling.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Fourth Generation.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Orange Girl.</b> With 8 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">F. Pegram</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Lady of Lynn.</b> With 12 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">G. Demain-Hammond</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>No Other Way.</b> With 12 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Charles D. Ward</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>St. Katherine’s by the Tower.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Rebel Queen.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Popular Editions</span>, medium 8vo, 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>All Sorts and Conditions of Men.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Chaplain of the Fleet.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Golden Butterfly.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Orange Girl.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>For Faith and Freedom.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ready-Money Mortiboy.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Children of Gibeon.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Large Type. Fine Paper Editions. </span> post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> net each; leather, gilt edges, 3<i>s.</i> net each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>All Sorts and Conditions of Men.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>London.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Demy 8vo, cloth, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>London.</b> With 125 Illustrations.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Westminster.</b> With Etching by <span class="smcap">F. S. Walker</span>, and 130 Illustrations.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>South London.</b> With Etching by <span class="smcap">F. S. Walker</span>, and 118 Illustrations.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>East London.</b> With an Etched Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">F. S. Walker</span>, and 56 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Phil
-May</span>, <span class="smcap">L. Raven Hill</span>, and <span class="smcap">Joseph Pennell</span>.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Jerusalem</b>: The City of Herod and Saladin. By <span class="smcap">Walter Besant</span> and <span class="smcap">E. H. Palmer</span>. With a
-new Chapter, a Map, and 12 Illustrations.</p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, buckram, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>As We Are and As We May Be.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Essays and Historiettes.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Eulogy of Richard Jefferies.</b> With a Portrait.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Fifty Years Ago.</b> With 144 Illustrations.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Gaspard de Coligny.</b> With a Portrait.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Sir Richard Whittington.</b> Lord Mayor of London.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Charm</b>, and other Drawing-room Plays. With 50 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Chris Hammond</span>, &amp;c.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Art of Fiction.</b> Fcap. 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> net.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Blundell’s Worthies, 1604-1694.</b> By <span class="smcap">M. L. Banks</span>, M.A. With 10
-Illustrations. Demy 8vo, cloth, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> net.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bourne (H. R. Fox), Books by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>English Merchants.</b> With 32 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Other Side of the Emin Pasha Relief Expedition.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Boyd.</b>&mdash;<b>A Versailles Christmas-tide.</b> By <span class="smcap">Mary Stuart Boyd</span>. With
-53 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">A. S. Boyd</span>. Fcap. 4to, cloth gilt and gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Boyle (Frederick), Works by.</b> Post 8vo, illustrated bds., 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Chronicles of No-Man’s Land.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Camp Notes.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Savage Life.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Brand (John).</b>&mdash;<b>Observations on Popular Antiquities</b>; chiefly
-illustrating the Origin of our Vulgar Customs, Ceremonies, and Superstitions. With the Additions of Sir
-<span class="smcap">Henry Ellis</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Brayshaw (J. Dodsworth).</b>&mdash;<b>Slum Silhouettes</b>: Stories of London
-Life. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Brewer’s (Rev. Dr.) Dictionaries.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Reader’s Handbook of Famous Names in Fiction, Allusions, References,
-Proverbs, Plots, Stories, and Poems.</b> A New Edition, Revised.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>A Dictionary of Miracles</b>: Imitative, Realistic, and Dogmatic.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Brewster (Sir David), Works by.</b> Post 8vo, cloth, 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>More Worlds than One</b>: The Creed of the Philosopher and Hope of the Christian. With Plates.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Martyrs of Science</b>: <span class="smcap">Galileo</span>, <span class="smcap">Tycho Brahe</span>, and <span class="smcap">Kepler</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Letters on Natural Magic.</b> With numerous Illustrations.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bright (Florence).</b>&mdash;<b>A Girl Capitalist.</b> Cr. 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Brillat-Savarin.</b>&mdash;<b>Gastronomy as a Fine Art.</b> Translated by
-<span class="smcap">R. E. Anderson</span>, M.A. Post 8vo, half-bound, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bryden (H. A.).</b>&mdash;<b>An Exiled Scot</b>: A Romance. With a Frontispiece,
-by <span class="smcap">J. S. Crompton</span>, R.I. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Brydges (Harold).</b>&mdash;<b>Uncle Sam at Home.</b> With 91 Illustrations.
-Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i>; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Buchanan (Robert), Poems and Novels by.</b></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Complete Poetical Works of Robert Buchanan.</b> 2 vols., crown 8vo, buckram, with
-Portrait Frontispiece to each volume, 12<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Shadow of the Sword.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>A Child of Nature.</b> With Frontispiece.</li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>God and the Man.</b> With 11 Illustrations by
-<span class="smcap">Fred. Barnard</span>.</li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Lady Kilpatrick.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>The Martyrdom of Madeline.</b> With
-Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">A. W. Cooper</span>.</li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Love Me for Ever.</b> With Frontispiece.</li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Annan Water.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Foxglove Manor.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>The New Abelard.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Rachel Dene.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Matt</b>: A Story of a Caravan. With Frontispiece.</li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>The Master of the Mine.</b> With Frontispiece.</li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>The Heir of Linne.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Woman and the Man.</b></li>
-</ul>
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Red and White Heather.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Andromeda</b>: An Idyll of the Great River.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Shadow of the Sword.</b> <span class="smcap">Popular Edition</span>, medium 8vo, 6<i>d.</i></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>The Charlatan.</b> By <span class="smcap">Robert Buchanan</span> and <span class="smcap">Henry Murray</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, with a
-Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">T. H. Robinson</span>, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Burgess (Gelett) and Will Irwin.</b>&mdash;<b>The Picaroons</b>: A San Francisco
-Night’s Entertainment. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Burton (Robert).</b>&mdash;<b>The Anatomy of Melancholy.</b> With Translations
-of the Quotations. Demy 8vo, cloth extra, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Melancholy Anatomised</b>: An Abridgment of <span class="smcap">Burton’s Anatomy</span>. Post 8vo, half-cl., 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Caine (Hall), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post
-8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Shadow of a Crime.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Son of Hagar.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Deemster.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>Also <span class="smcap">Library Editions</span> of the three novels, set in new type, crown 8vo, bound uniform with
-<b>The Christian</b>, 6<i>s.</i> each; and <span class="smcap">Cheap Popular Editions</span>, medium 8vo, portrait-cover, 6<i>d.</i> each.&mdash;Also
-the <span class="smcap">Fine-paper Edition</span> of <b>The Deemster</b>, post 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 2<i>s.</i> net; leather, gilt
-edges, 3<i>s.</i> net.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Cameron (Commander V. Lovett).</b>&mdash;<b>The Cruise of the ‘Black
-Prince’ Privateer.</b> Post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Canada (Greater)</b>: The Past, Present, and Future of the Canadian
-North-West. By <span class="smcap">E. B. Osborn</span>, B.A. With a Map. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Captain Coignet, Soldier of the Empire</b>: An Autobiography.
-Edited by <span class="smcap">Loredan Larchey</span>. Translated by Mrs. <span class="smcap">Carey</span>. With 100 Illustrations. Crown 8vo,
-cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Carlyle (Thomas).</b>&mdash;<b>On the Choice of Books.</b> Post 8vo, cl., 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Carruth (Hayden).</b>&mdash;<b>The Adventures of Jones.</b> With 17 Illustrations.
-Fcap. 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Chambers (Robert W.), Stories of Paris Life by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The King in Yellow.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; fcap. 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In the Quarter.</b> Fcap. 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Chapman’s (George), Works.</b> Vol. I., Plays Complete, including the
-Doubtful Ones.&mdash;Vol. II., Poems and Minor Translations, with Essay by <span class="smcap">A. C. Swinburne</span>.&mdash;Vol.
-III., Translations of the Iliad and Odyssey. Three Vols., crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Chaucer for Children</b>: A Golden Key. By Mrs. <span class="smcap">H. R. Haweis</span>. With
-8 Coloured Plates and 30 Woodcuts. Crown 4to, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Chaucer for Schools.</b> With the Story of his Times and his Work. By Mrs. <span class="smcap">H. R. Haweis</span>.
-A New Edition, revised. With a Frontispiece. Demy 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Chess, The Laws and Practice of.</b> With an Analysis of the Openings.
-By <span class="smcap">Howard Staunton</span>. Edited by <span class="smcap">R. B. Wormald</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 5<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Minor Tactics of Chess</b>: A Treatise on the Deployment of the Forces in obedience to Strategic
-Principle. By <span class="smcap">F. K. Young</span> and <span class="smcap">E. C. Howell</span>. Long fcap. 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Hastings Chess Tournament.</b> Containing the Authorised Account of the 230 Games
-played Aug.-Sept., 1895. With Annotations by <span class="smcap">Pillsbury</span>, <span class="smcap">Lasker</span>, <span class="smcap">Tarrasch</span>, <span class="smcap">Steinitz</span>,
-<span class="smcap">Schiffers</span>, <span class="smcap">Teichmann</span>, <span class="smcap">Bardeleben</span>, <span class="smcap">Blackburne</span>, <span class="smcap">Gunsberg</span>, <span class="smcap">Tinsley</span>, <span class="smcap">Mason</span>, and
-<span class="smcap">Albin</span>; Biographical Sketches of the Chess Masters, and 22 Portraits. Edited by <span class="smcap">H. F. Cheshire</span>.
-Cheaper Edition. Crown 8vo, cloth, 5<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Chapple (J. Mitchell).</b>&mdash;<b>The Minor Chord</b>: The Story of a Prima
-Donna. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Clare (Austin), Stories by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>For the Love of a Lass.</b> Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i>; cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>By the Rise of the River</b>: Tales and Sketches in South Tynedale. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Tideway.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Randal of Randalholme.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Clive (Mrs. Archer), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; picture boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Paul Ferroll.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Why Paul Ferroll Killed his Wife.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Clodd (Edward, F.R.A.S.).</b>&mdash;<b>Myths and Dreams.</b> Cr. 8vo, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Coates (Annë).</b>&mdash;<b>Rie’s Diary.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Cobban (J. Maclaren), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Cure of Souls.</b> Post 8vo, Illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Red Sultan.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Burden of Isabel.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Collins (C. Allston).</b>&mdash;<b>The Bar Sinister.</b> Post 8vo, boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Collins (John Churton, M.A.), Books by.</b> Cr. 8vo, cl., 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Illustrations of Tennyson.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Jonathan Swift.</b> A Biographical and Critical Study.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Collins (Mortimer and Frances), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>From Midnight to Midnight.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>You Play me False.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Blacksmith and Scholar.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Village Comedy.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Transmigration.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Fight with Fortune.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Sweet Anne Page.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Sweet and Twenty.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Frances.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Collins (Wilkie), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, many Illustrated, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i> each;
-cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">*<b>Antonina.</b></li>
-<li class="b">*<b>Basil.</b></li>
-<li class="b">*<b>Hide and Seek.</b></li>
-<li class="b">*<b>The Woman in White.</b></li>
-<li class="b">*<b>The Moonstone.</b></li>
-<li class="b">*<b>Man and Wife.</b></li>
-<li class="b">*<b>The Dead Secret.</b></li>
-<li class="b">*<b>After Dark.</b></li>
-<li class="b">*<b>The Queen of Hearts.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>No Name.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>My Miscellanies.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Armadale.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Poor Miss Finch.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Miss or Mrs.?</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The New Magdalen.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Frozen Deep.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Law and the Lady.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Two Destinies.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Haunted Hotel.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Fallen Leaves.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Jezebel’s Daughter.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Black Robe.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Heart and Science.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>‘I Say No.’</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Rogue’s Life.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Evil Genius.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Little Novels.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Legacy of Cain.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Blind Love.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>⁂ Marked * have been reset in new type, in uniform style.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Popular Editions</span>, medium 8vo, 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Moonstone.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Woman in White.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Antonina.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The New Magdalen.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Dead Secret.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Man and Wife.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>No Name.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Armadale.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Woman in White.</b> <span class="smcap">Large Type, Fine Paper Edition.</span> Pott 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 2<i>s.</i>
-net; leather, gilt edges, 3<i>s.</i> net.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Colman’s (George) Humorous Works</b>: ‘Broad Grins,’ ‘My Nightgown
-and Slippers,’ &amp;c. With Life and Frontispiece. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Colquhoun (M. J.).</b>&mdash;<b>Every Inch a Soldier.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth,
-3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Colt-breaking, Hints on.</b> By <span class="smcap">W. M. Hutchison</span>. Cr. 8vo, cl., 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Compton (Herbert), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Inimitable Mrs. Massingham.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Wilful Way.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Cooper (Edward H.).</b>&mdash;<b>Geoffory Hamilton.</b> Cr. 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Cornish (J. F.).</b>&mdash;<b>Sour Grapes</b>: A Novel. Cr. 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Cornwall.</b>&mdash;<b>Popular Romances of the West of England</b>; or, The
-Drolls, Traditions, and Superstitions of Old Cornwall. Collected by <span class="smcap">Robert Hunt</span>, F.R.S. With
-two Steel Plates by <span class="smcap">George Cruikshank</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Cotes (V. Cecil).</b>&mdash;<b>Two Girls on a Barge.</b> With 44 Illustrations by
-<span class="smcap">F. H. Townsend</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Craddock (C. Egbert), Stories by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Prophet of the Great Smoky Mountains.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo,
-illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>His Vanished Star.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Crellin (H. N.).</b>&mdash;<b>Romances of the Old Seraglio</b> With 28 Illustrations
-by <span class="smcap">S. L. Wood</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Cresswell (Henry).</b>&mdash;<b>A Lady of Misrule.</b> Cr. 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Crim (Matt.).</b>&mdash;<b>Adventures of a Fair Rebel.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth
-extra, with a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Dan. Beard</span>, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Crockett (S. R.) and others.</b>&mdash;<b>Tales of Our Coast.</b> By <span class="smcap">S. R.
-Crockett</span>, <span class="smcap">Gilbert Parker</span>, <span class="smcap">Harold Frederic</span>, ‘Q.,’ and <span class="smcap">W. Clark Russell</span>. With 2
-Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Frank Brangwyn</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Croker (Mrs. B. M.), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>
-each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Pretty Miss Neville.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Proper Pride.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Bird of Passage.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Diana Barrington.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Two Masters.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Interference.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Family Likeness.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Third Person.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mr. Jervis.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Village Tales &amp; Jungle Tragedies.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Real Lady Hilda.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Married or Single?</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Some One Else.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In the Kingdom of Kerry.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Miss Balmaine’s Past.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Jason, &amp;c.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Beyond the Pale.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Infatuation.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Terence.</b> With 6 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Sidney Paget</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Cat’s-paw.</b> With 12 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Fred. Pegram</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>‘To Let,’ &amp;c.</b> Post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i>; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Popular Editions</span>, medium 8vo, 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Diana Barrington.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Pretty Miss Neville.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Cruikshank’s Comic Almanack.</b> Complete in <span class="smcap">Two Series</span>: The
-<span class="smcap">First</span>, from 1835 to 1843; the <span class="smcap">Second</span>, from 1844 to 1853. A Gathering of the Best Humour of
-<span class="smcap">Thackeray</span>, <span class="smcap">Hood</span>, <span class="smcap">Mayhew</span>, <span class="smcap">Albert Smith</span>, <span class="smcap">A’Beckett</span>, <span class="smcap">Robert Brough</span>, &amp;c. With
-numerous Steel Engravings and Woodcuts by <span class="smcap">George Cruikshank</span>, <span class="smcap">Hine</span>, <span class="smcap">Landells</span>, &amp;c.
-Two Vols., crown 8vo, cloth gilt, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Life of George Cruikshank.</b> By <span class="smcap">Blanchard Jerrold</span>. With 84 Illustrations and a
-Bibliography. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Cumming (C. F. Gordon), Works by.</b> Large cr. 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>In the Hebrides.</b> With an Autotype Frontispiece and 23 Illustrations.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>In the Himalayas and on the Indian Plains.</b> With 42 Illustrations.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Two Happy Years in Ceylon.</b> With 28 Illustrations.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Via Cornwall to Egypt.</b> With a Photogravure Frontispiece.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Cussans (John E.).</b>&mdash;<b>A Handbook of Heraldry</b>; with Instructions
-for Tracing Pedigrees and Deciphering Ancient MSS., &amp;c. Fourth Edition, revised, with 408 Woodcuts
-and 2 Coloured Plates. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Daudet (Alphonse).</b>&mdash;<b>The Evangelist; or, Port Salvation.</b> Crown
-8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Davenant (Francis, M.A.).</b>&mdash;<b>Hints for Parents on the Choice of
-a Profession for their Sons when Starting in Life.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Davidson (Hugh Coleman).</b>&mdash;<b>Mr. Sadler’s Daughters.</b> With a
-Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Stanley Wood</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Davies (Dr. N. E. Yorke-), Works by.</b> Cr. 8vo, 1<i>s.</i> ea.; cl., 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> ea.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>One Thousand Medical Maxims and Surgical Hints.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Nursery Hints</b>: A Mother’s Guide in Health and Disease.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Foods for the Fat</b>: The Dietetic Cure of Corpulency and of Gout.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Aids to Long Life.</b> Crown 8vo, 2<i>s.</i>; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Davies’ (Sir John) Complete Poetical Works.</b> Collected and Edited,
-with Introduction and Notes, by Rev. <span class="smcap">A. B. Grosart</span>, D.D. Two Vols., crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>De Guerin (Maurice), The Journal of.</b> Edited by <span class="smcap">G. S. Trebutien</span>.
-With a Memoir by <span class="smcap">Sainte-Beuve</span>. Translated from the 20th French Edition by <span class="smcap">Jessie P. Frothingham</span>.
-Fcap. 8vo, half-bound, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>De Maistre (Xavier).</b>&mdash;<b>A Journey Round my Room.</b> Translated
-by <span class="smcap">Henry Attwell</span>. Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>De Mille (James).</b>&mdash;<b>A Strange Manuscript found in a Copper
-Cylinder.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, with 19 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Gilbert Gaul</span>, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated
-boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Derby (The): The Blue Ribbon of the Turf.</b> With Brief Accounts
-of <span class="smcap">The Oaks</span>. By <span class="smcap">Louis Henry Curzon</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dewar (T. R.).</b>&mdash;<b>A Ramble Round the Globe.</b> With 220 Illustrations.
-Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>De Windt (Harry), Books by.</b></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Through the Gold-Fields of Alaska to Bering Straits.</b> With Map and 33 full-page Illustrations. Cheaper Issue. Demy 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>True Tales of Travel and Adventure.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dickens (Charles), About England with.</b> By <span class="smcap">Alfred Rimmer</span>.
-With 57 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">C. A. Vanderhoof</span> and the <span class="smcap">Author</span>. Square 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>
-</p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dictionaries.</b></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Reader’s Handbook of Famous Names in Fiction, Allusions, References,
-Proverbs, Plots, Stories, and Poems.</b> By Rev. <span class="smcap">E. C. Brewer</span>, LL.D. A New Edition,
-Revised. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>A Dictionary of Miracles</b>: Imitative, Realistic, and Dogmatic. By the Rev. <span class="smcap">E. C. Brewer</span>,
-LL.D. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Familiar Short Sayings of Great Men.</b> With Historical and Explanatory Notes by <span class="smcap">Samuel
-A. Bent</span>, A.M. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Slang Dictionary</b>: Etymological, Historical, and Anecdotal. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Words, Facts, and Phrases</b>: A Dictionary of Curious, Quaint, and Out-of-the-Way Matters. By
-<span class="smcap">Eliezer Edwards</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dilke (Rt. Hon. Sir Charles, Bart., M.P.).</b>&mdash;<b>The British Empire.</b>
-Crown 8vo, buckram, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dobson (Austin), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Thomas Bewick and his Pupils.</b> With 95 Illustrations. Square 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Four Frenchwomen.</b> With Four Portraits. Crown 8vo, buckram, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Eighteenth Century Vignettes.</b> <span class="smcap">In Three Series.</span> Crown 8vo, buckram, 6<i>s.</i> each.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Paladin of Philanthropy, and other Papers.</b> With 2 Illusts. Cr. 8vo, buckram, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Side-walk Studies.</b> With 5 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, buckram, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dobson (W. T.).</b>&mdash;<b>Poetical Ingenuities and Eccentricities.</b> Post
-8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Donovan (Dick), Detective Stories by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Man-Hunter.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Caught at Last.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Tracked and Taken.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Who Poisoned Hetty Duncan?</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Tracked to Doom.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Link by Link.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Suspicion Aroused.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Detective’s Triumphs.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In the Grip of the Law.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>From Information Received.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Riddles Read.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each: cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Mystery of Jamaica Terrace.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Chronicles of Michael Danevitch.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Records of Vincent Trill, of the Detective Service.</b>&mdash;Also picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Adventures of Tyler Tatlock, Private Detective.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Deacon Brodie</b>; or, Behind the Mask.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Tales of Terror.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dark Deeds.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Wanted!</b> Crown 8vo, picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i>; post 8vo, illust. boards, 2<i>s.</i>; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Man from Manchester.</b> With 23 Illustrations; Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat
-back, 2<i>s.</i>; post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i>; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dowling (Richard).</b>&mdash;<b>Old Corcoran’s Money.</b> Crown 8vo, cl., 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Doyle (A. Conan).</b>&mdash;<b>The Firm of Girdlestone.</b> Cr. 8vo, cl., 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dramatists, The Old.</b> Cr. 8vo, cl. ex., with Portraits, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> per Vol.</p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Ben Jonson’s Works.</b> With Notes, Critical and Explanatory, and a Biographical Memoir by
-<span class="smcap">William Gifford</span>. Edited by Colonel <span class="smcap">Cunningham</span>. Three Vols.</p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Chapman’s Works.</b> Three Vols. Vol. I. contains the Plays complete; Vol. II., Poems and Minor
-Translations, with an Essay by <span class="smcap">A. C. Swinburne</span>; Vol. III., Translations of the Iliad and Odyssey.</p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Marlowe’s Works.</b> Edited, with Notes, by Colonel <span class="smcap">Cunningham</span>. One Vol.</p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Massinger’s Plays.</b> From <span class="smcap">Gifford’s</span> Text. Edited by Colonel <span class="smcap">Cunningham</span>. One Vol.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dublin Castle and Dublin Society, Recollections of.</b> By <span class="smcap">A
-Native</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top. 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Duncan</b> (<b>Sara Jeannette</b>: Mrs. <span class="smcap">Everard Cotes</span>), <b>Books by</b>.</p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Social Departure.</b> With 111 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">F. H. Townsend</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>An American Girl in London.</b> With 80 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">F. H. Townsend</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Simple Adventures of a Memsahib.</b> With 37 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">F. H. Townsend</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Daughter of To-Day.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Vernon’s Aunt.</b> With 47 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Hal Hurst</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dutt (Romesh C.).</b>&mdash;<b>England and India</b>: A Record of Progress
-during One Hundred Years. Crown 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Early English Poets.</b> Edited, with Introductions and Annotations,
-by Rev. <span class="smcap">A. B. Grosart</span>, D.D. Crown 8vo, cloth boards, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> per Volume.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Fletcher’s (Giles) Complete Poems.</b> One Vol.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Davies’ (Sir John) Complete Poetical Works.</b> Two Vols.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Sidney’s (Sir Philip) Complete Poetical Works.</b> Three Vols.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Edgcumbe (Sir E. R. Pearce).</b>&mdash;<b>Zephyrus</b>: A Holiday in Brazil
-and on the River Plate. With 41 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 5<i>s.</i></p>
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-<li class="b"><b>A Plaster Saint.</b> Cr. 8vo, cl., 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Edwards (Eliezer).</b>&mdash;<b>Words, Facts, and Phrases</b>: A Dictionary
-of Curious, Quaint, and Out-of-the-Way Matters. Cheaper Edition. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Egerton (Rev. J. C., M.A.).</b>&mdash;<b>Sussex Folk and Sussex Ways.</b>
-With Introduction by Rev. Dr. <span class="smcap">H. Wace</span>, and Four Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 5<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Eggleston (Edward).</b>&mdash;<b>Roxy</b>: A Novel. Post 8vo, illust. boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
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-
-<p class="hang"><b>Englishman (An) in Paris.</b> Notes and Recollections during the
-Reign of Louis Philippe and the Empire. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
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-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Eyes, Our</b>: How to Preserve Them. By <span class="smcap">John Browning</span>. Cr. 8vo, 1<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Familiar Short Sayings of Great Men.</b> By <span class="smcap">Samuel Arthur Bent</span>,
-A.M. Fifth Edition, Revised and Enlarged. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
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-
-<p class="hang"><b>Faraday (Michael), Works by.</b> Post 8vo, cloth extra, 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
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-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Chemical History of a Candle</b>: Lectures delivered before a Juvenile Audience. Edited
-by <span class="smcap">William Crookes</span>, F.C.S. With numerous Illustrations.</p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>On the Various Forces of Nature, and their Relations to each other.</b> Edited by
-<span class="smcap">William Crookes</span>, F.C.S. With Illustrations.</p>
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-
-<p class="hang"><b>Farrer (J. Anson).</b>&mdash;<b>War</b>: Three Essays. Crown 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
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-<li class="b"><b>Witness to the Deed.</b></li>
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-<li class="b"><b>The White Virgin.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Woman Worth Winning.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Cursed by a Fortune.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Case of Ailsa Gray.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Commodore Junk.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Black Blood</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Double Cunning.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Fluttered Dovecote.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>King of the Castle.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Master of the Ceremonies.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Story of Antony Grace.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Man with a Shadow.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>One Maid’s Mischief.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>This Man’s Wife.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In Jeopardy.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
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-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Bag of Diamonds, and Three Bits of Paste.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Running Amok</b>: a Story of Adventure.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Cankerworm</b>: being Episodes of a Woman’s Life.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Black Shadows.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>A Crimson Crime.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Fiction, A Catalogue of</b>, with Descriptive Notices and Reviews of
-over <span class="smcap">Nine Hundred Novels</span>, will be sent free by Messrs. <span class="smcap">Chatto &amp; Windus</span> upon application.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Fin-Bec.</b>&mdash;<b>The Cupboard Papers</b>: Observations on the Art of Living
-and Dining. Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Firework-Making, The Complete Art of</b>; or, The Pyrotechnist’s
-Treasury. By <span class="smcap">Thomas Kentish</span>. With 267 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>First Book, My.</b> By <span class="smcap">Walter Besant</span>, <span class="smcap">James Payn</span>, <span class="smcap">W. Clark Russell</span>,
-<span class="smcap">Grant Allen</span>, <span class="smcap">Hall Caine</span>, <span class="smcap">George R. Sims</span>, <span class="smcap">Rudyard Kipling</span>, <span class="smcap">A. Conan Doyle</span>,
-<span class="smcap">M. E. Braddon</span>, <span class="smcap">F. W. Robinson</span>, <span class="smcap">H. Rider Haggard</span>, <span class="smcap">R. M. Ballantyne</span>, <span class="smcap">I. Zangwill</span>,
-<span class="smcap">Morley Roberts</span>, <span class="smcap">D. Christie Murray</span>, <span class="smcap">Mary Corelli</span>, <span class="smcap">J. K. Jerome</span>, <span class="smcap">John Strange
-Winter</span>, <span class="smcap">Bret Harte</span>, ‘Q.,’ <span class="smcap">Robert Buchanan</span>, and <span class="smcap">R. L. Stevenson</span>. With a Prefatory Story
-by <span class="smcap">Jerome K. Jerome</span>, and 185 Illustrations. A New Edition. Small demy 8vo, art linen, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Fitzgerald (Percy), Works by.</b></p>
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-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Little Essays</b>: Passages from the Letters of <span class="smcap">Charles Lamb</span>. Post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Fatal Zero.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Bella Donna.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Polly.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Lady of Brantome.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Never Forgotten.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Second Mrs. Tillotson.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Seventy-five Brooke Street.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sir Henry Irving</b>: Twenty Years at the Lyceum. With Portrait. Crown 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Flammarion (Camille), Works by.</b></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Popular Astronomy</b>: A General Description of the Heavens. Translated by <span class="smcap">J. Ellard Gore</span>,
-F.R.A.S. With Three Plates and 288 Illustrations. Medium 8vo, cloth, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Urania</b>: A Romance. With 87 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra. 5<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Fletcher’s (Giles, B.D.) Complete Poems</b>: Christ’s Victorie in
-Heaven, Christ’s Victorie on Earth, Christ’s Triumph over Death, and Minor Poems. With Notes by
-Rev. <span class="smcap">A. B. Grosart</span>, D.D. Crown 8vo, cloth boards, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Forbes (Hon. Mrs. Walter R. D.).</b>&mdash;<b>Dumb.</b> Crown 8vo, cl., 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Francillon (R. E.), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards. 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>One by One.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Real Queen.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Dog and his Shadow.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ropes of Sand.</b> Illust.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Queen Cophetua.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Olympia.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Romances of the Law.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>King or Knave?</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Jack Doyle’s Daughter.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Frederic (Harold), Novels by.</b> Post 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each;
-illustrated boards. 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Seth’s Brother’s Wife.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Lawton Girl.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Fry’s (Herbert) Royal Guide to the London Charities, 1904.</b>
-Edited by <span class="smcap">John Lane</span>. Published Annually. Crown 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Gardening Books.</b> Post 8vo, 1<i>s.</i> each; cloth limp, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Year’s Work in Garden and Greenhouse.</b> By <span class="smcap">George Glenny</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Household Horticulture.</b> By <span class="smcap">Tom</span> and <span class="smcap">Jane Jerrold</span>. Illustrated.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Garden that Paid the Rent.</b> By <span class="smcap">Tom Jerrold</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Gaulot (Paul), Books by</b>:</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Red Shirts</b>: A Tale of “The Terror.” Translated by <span class="smcap">John de Villiers</span>. With a Frontispiece
-by <span class="smcap">Stanley Wood</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gift top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Love and Lovers of the Past.</b> With a Frontispiece. Translated by <span class="smcap">C. Laroche</span>, M.A.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Conspiracy under the Terror.</b> With Illustrations and Facsimiles.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Gentleman’s Magazine, The.</b> 1<i>s.</i> Monthly. Contains Stories,
-Articles upon Literature, Science, Biography, and Art, and ‘<b>Table Talk</b>‘ by <span class="smcap">Sylvanus Urban</span>.</p>
-
-<p>⁂ <i>Bound Volumes for recent years kept in stock, 8s. 6d. each. Cases for binding, 2s. each.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>German Popular Stories.</b> Collected by the Brothers <span class="smcap">Grimm</span> and
-Translated by <span class="smcap">Edgar Taylor</span>. With Introduction by <span class="smcap">John Ruskin</span>, and 22 Steel Plates after
-<span class="smcap">George Cruikshank</span>. Square 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; gilt edges, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Gibbon (Chas.), Novels by.</b> Cr. 8vo, cl., 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> ea.; post 8vo, bds., 2<i>s.</i> ea.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Robin Gray.</b> With Frontispiece.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Golden Shaft.</b> With Frontispiece.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Flower of the Forest.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Braes of Yarrow.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Of High Degree.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Queen of the Meadow.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Dead Heart.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>For Lack of Gold.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>What Will the World Say?</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>For the King.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Hard Knot.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In Pastures Green.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In Love and War.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Heart’s Problem.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>By Mead and Stream.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Fancy Free.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Loving a Dream.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In Honour Bound.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Heart’s Delight.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Blood-Money.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Gibney (Somerville).</b>&mdash;<b>Sentenced!</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Gilbert’s (W. S.) Original Plays.</b> In 3 Series, post 8vo, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1">The <span class="smcap">First Series</span> contains: The Wicked World&mdash;Pygmalion and Galatea&mdash;Charity&mdash;The Princess&mdash;The
-Palace of Truth&mdash;Trial by Jury&mdash;Iolanthe.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The <span class="smcap">Second Series</span>: Broken Hearts&mdash;Engaged&mdash;Sweethearts&mdash;Gretchen&mdash;Dan’l Druce&mdash;Tom Cobb&mdash;H.M.S.
-‘Pinafore’&mdash;The Sorcerer&mdash;The Pirates of Penzance.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The <span class="smcap">Third Series</span>: Comedy and Tragedy&mdash;Foggerty’s Fairy&mdash;Rosencrantz and Guildenstern&mdash;Patience&mdash;Princess
-Ida&mdash;The Mikado&mdash;Ruddigore&mdash;The Yeomen of the Guard&mdash;The Gondoliers&mdash;The
-Mountebanks&mdash;Utopia.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Eight Original Comic Operas</b> written by <span class="smcap">W. S. Gilbert</span>. Two Series, demy 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>
-each. The <span class="smcap">First Series</span> contains: The Sorcerer&mdash;H.M.S. ‘Pinafore’&mdash;The Pirates of Penzance&mdash;Iolanthe&mdash;Patience&mdash;Princess
-Ida&mdash;The Mikado&mdash;Trial by Jury.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The <span class="smcap">Second Series</span> contains: The Gondoliers&mdash;The Grand Duke&mdash;The Yeomen of the Guard&mdash;His
-Excellency&mdash;Utopia, Limited&mdash;Ruddigore&mdash;The Mountebanks&mdash;Haste to the Wedding.</p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Gilbert and Sullivan Birthday Book</b>: Quotations for Every Day in the Year, selected
-from Plays by <span class="smcap">W. S. Gilbert</span> set to Music by Sir <span class="smcap">A. Sullivan</span>. Compiled by <span class="smcap">Alex. Watson</span>.
-Royal 16mo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Gilbert (William).</b>&mdash;<b>James Duke, Costermonger.</b> Post 8vo,
-illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Gissing (Algernon), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Secret of the North Sea.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Knitters in the Sun.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Wealth of Mallerstang.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>An Angel’s Portion.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Baliol Garth.</b> &nbsp; [<i>Shortly.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Glanville (Ernest), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Lost Heiress</b>: A Tale of Love, Battle, and Adventure. With Two Illustrations by <span class="smcap">H. Nisbet</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Fossicker</b>: A Romance of Mashonaland. With Two Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Hume Nisbet</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Fair Colonist.</b> With a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Stanley Wood</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Golden Rock.</b> With a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Stanley Wood</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Kloof Yarns.</b> Crown 8vo cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Tales from the Veld.</b> With Twelve Illustrations by <span class="smcap">M. Nisbet</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Max Thornton.</b> With 8 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">J. S. Crompton</span>, R.I. Large crown 8vo, cloth, gilt
-edges. 5<i>s.</i>; cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Glenny (George).</b>&mdash;<b>A Year’s Work in Garden and Greenhouse</b>:
-Practical Advice as to the Management of the Flower, Fruit, and Frame Garden. Post 8vo, 1<i>s.</i> cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Godwin (William).</b>&mdash;<b>Lives of the Necromancers.</b> Post 8vo, cl., 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Golden Treasury of Thought, The</b>: A Dictionary of Quotations
-from the Best Authors. By <span class="smcap">Theodore Taylor</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Goodman (E. J.).</b>&mdash;<b>The Fate of Herbert Wayne.</b> Cr. 8vo, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Gore (J. Ellard. F.R.A.S.).</b>&mdash;<b>The Stellar Heavens</b>: an Introduction
-to the Study of the Stars and Nebulæ. Crown 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> net.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Grace (Alfred A.).</b>&mdash;<b>Tales of a Dying Race.</b> Cr. 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Greeks and Romans, The Life of the</b>, described from Antique
-Monuments. By <span class="smcap">Ernst Guhl</span> and <span class="smcap">W. Koner</span>. Edited by Dr. <span class="smcap">F. Hueffer</span>. With 545 Illustrations.
-Large crown 8vo, cloth extra. 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Greenwood (James): “The Amateur Casual”..</b>&mdash;<b>The Prisoner
-in the Dock</b>; My Four Years’ Daily Experiences in the London Police Courts. Cr. 8vo, cl., 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Grey (Sir George).</b>&mdash;<b>The Romance of a Proconsul</b>: Being the
-Personal Life and Memoirs of Sir <span class="smcap">George Grey</span>, K.C.B. By <span class="smcap">James Milne</span>. With Portrait. <span class="smcap">Second
-Edition.</span> Crown 8vo, buckram, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Griffith (Cecil).</b>&mdash;<b>Corinthia Marazion</b>: A Novel. Crown 8vo, cloth
-extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Gunter</b> (<b>A. Clavering</b>, Author of ‘Mr. Barnes of New York’).&mdash;<b>A
-Florida Enchantment.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Guttenberg (Violet), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Neither Jew nor Greek.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Power of the Palmist.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hair, The</b>: Its Treatment in Health, Weakness, and Disease. Translated
-from the German of Dr. <span class="smcap">J. Pincus</span>. Crown 8vo, 1<i>s.</i>; cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hake (Dr. Thomas Gordon), Poems by.</b> Cr. 8vo, cl. ex., 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>New Symbols.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Legends of the Morrow.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Serpent Play.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Maiden Ecstasy.</b> Small 4to, cloth extra, 8<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Halifax (C.).</b>&mdash;<b>Dr. Rumsey’s Patient.</b> By Mrs. <span class="smcap">L. T. Meade</span> and
-<span class="smcap">Clifford Halifax</span>, M.D. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hall (Mrs. S. C.).</b>&mdash;<b>Sketches of Irish Character.</b> With numerous
-Illustrations on Steel and Wood by <span class="smcap">Maclise</span>, <span class="smcap">Gilbert</span>, <span class="smcap">Harvey</span>, and <span class="smcap">George Cruikshank</span>.
-Small demy 8vo, cloth extra, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hall (Owen), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Track of a Storm.</b> Crown 8vo, picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Jetsam.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i>. 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Eureka.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Hernando.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Harte’s (Bret) Collected Works.</b> Revised by the Author. LIBRARY
-EDITION, in Ten Volumes, Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Vol. I. <span class="smcap">Complete Poetical and Dramatic Works.</span> With Steel-plate Portrait.</li>
-<li class="b">Vol. II. <span class="smcap">The Luck of Roaring Camp</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Bohemian Papers</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">American Legend</span>.</li>
-<li class="b">Vol. III. <span class="smcap">Tales of the Argonauts</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Eastern Sketches</span>.</li>
-<li class="b">Vol. IV. <span class="smcap">Gabriel Conroy.</span></li>
-<li class="b">Vol. V. <span class="smcap">Stories</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Condensed Novels</span>, &amp;c.</li>
-<li class="b">Vol. VI. <span class="smcap">Tales of the Pacific Slope.</span></li>
-<li class="b">Vol. VII. <span class="smcap">Tales of the Pacific Slope</span>&mdash;II. With Portrait by <span class="smcap">John Pettie</span>, R.A.</li>
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-<li class="b">Vol. IX. <span class="smcap">Buckeye and Chapparel.</span></li>
-<li class="b">Vol. X. <span class="smcap">Tales of Trail and Town</span>, &amp;c.</li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Bret Harte’s Choice Works</b>, in Prose and Verse. With Portrait of the Author and 40 Illustrations.
-Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Bret Harte’s Poetical Works</b>, including “Some Later Verses.” Crown 8vo, buckram, 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Some Later Verses.</b> Crown 8vo, linen gilt, 5<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In a Hollow of the Hills.</b> Crown 8vo, picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Condensed Novels.</b> (The Two Series in One Volume.) Pott 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 2<i>s.</i> net; leather,
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-</ul>
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>On the Old Trail.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Under the Redwoods.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>From Sandhill to Pine.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Stories in Light and Shadow.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mr. Jack Hamlin’s Mediation.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
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-<li class="b"><b>Gabriel Conroy.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Waif of the Plains.</b> With 60 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Stanley L. Wood</span>.</li>
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-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
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-<li class="b"><b>Barker’s Luck</b>, &amp;c. With 39 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">A. Forestier</span>, <span class="smcap">Paul Hardy</span>, &amp;c.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Devil’s Ford</b>, &amp;c. With a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">W. H. Overend</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Crusade of the “Excelsior.”</b> With a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">J. Bernard Partridge</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Three Partners</b>; or, The Big Strike on Heavy Tree Hill. With 8 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">J. Gulich</span>.</li>
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-<li class="b"><b>The Luck of Roaring Camp</b>, and <b>Sensation Novels Condensed</b>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Sappho of Green Springs.</b></li>
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-</ul>
-
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-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>An Heiress of Red Dog.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Luck of Roaring Camp.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Californian Stories.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each; cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
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-<li class="b"><b>Flip.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Maruja.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Phyllis of the Sierras.</b></li>
-</ul>
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-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Halliday (Andrew).</b>&mdash;<b>Every-day Papers.</b> Post 8vo, picture bds., 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hamilton (Cosmo), Stories by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth gilt, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Glamour of the Impossible.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Through a Keyhole.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>⁂ The two stories may also be had bound together in one volume, crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Handwriting, The Philosophy of.</b> With over 100 Facsimiles and
-Explanatory Text. By <span class="smcap">Don Felix de Salamanca</span>. Post 8vo, half-cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hanky-Panky</b>: Easy and Difficult Tricks, White Magic, Sleight of
-Hand, &amp;c. Edited by <span class="smcap">W. H. Cremer</span>. With 200 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hardy</b> (<b>Rev. E. J.</b>, Author of ‘How to be Happy though Married’).&mdash;<b>Love,
-Courtship, and Marriage.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hardy (Iza Duffus), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Lesser Evil.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Man, Woman, and Fate.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Butterfly</b>: Her Friends and her Fortunes.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hardy (Thomas).</b>&mdash;<b>Under the Greenwood Tree.</b> Post 8vo, cloth
-extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i>; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>&mdash;Also the <span class="smcap">Fine Paper Edition</span>, post 8vo,
-cloth, gilt top, 2<i>s.</i> net; leather, gilt edges, 3<i>s.</i> net.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Haweis (Mrs. H. R.), Books by.</b></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Art of Beauty.</b> With Coloured Frontispiece and 91 Illustrations. Square 8vo, cloth bds., 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Art of Decoration.</b> With Coloured Frontispiece and 74 Illustrations. Sq. 8vo, cloth bds., 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Art of Dress.</b> With 32 Illustrations. Post 8vo, 1<i>s.</i>; cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Chaucer for Schools.</b> With the Story of his Times and his Work. A New Edition, revised.
-With a Frontispiece. Demy 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Chaucer for Children.</b> With 38 Illustrations (8 Coloured). Crown 4to, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Haweis (Rev. H. R., M.A.).</b>&mdash;<b>American Humorists</b>: <span class="smcap">Washington
-Irving</span>, <span class="smcap">Oliver Wendell Holmes</span>, <span class="smcap">James Russell Lowell</span>, <span class="smcap">Artemus Ward</span>, <span class="smcap">Mark
-Twain</span>, and <span class="smcap">Bret Harte</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hawthorne (Julian), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Garth.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Fortune’s Fool.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ellice Quentin.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dust.</b> Four Illusts.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Beatrix Randolph.</b> With Four Illusts.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>David Poindexter’s Disappearance.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Spectre of the Camera.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Miss Cadogna.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Love&mdash;or a Name.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sebastian Strome.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Healy (Chris).</b>&mdash;<b>Confessions of a Journalist.</b> With a Portrait.
-Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Heckethorn (C. W.), Books by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>London Souvenirs.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>London Memories: Social, Historical, and Topographical.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Helps (Sir Arthur), Books by.</b> Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Animals and their Masters.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Social Pressure.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Ivan de Biron</b>: A Novel. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Henderson (Isaac).</b>&mdash;<b>Agatha Page</b>: A Novel. Cr. 8vo, cl., 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Henty (G. A.), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Rujub, the Juggler.</b> Post 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; illustrated boards. 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
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-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
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-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Queen’s Cup.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dorothy’s Double.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Herman (Henry).</b>&mdash;<b>A Leading Lady.</b> Post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
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-<p class="hang"><b>Hertzka (Dr. Theodor).</b>&mdash;<b>Freeland</b>: A Social Anticipation. Translated
-by <span class="smcap">Arthur Ransom</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hesse-Wartegg (Chevalier Ernst von).</b>&mdash;<b>Tunis</b>: The Land and
-the People. With 22 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hill (Headon).</b>&mdash;<b>Zambra the Detective.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>;
-picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i>; post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hill (John), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Treason-Felony.</b> Post 8vo, boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Common Ancestor.</b> Cr. 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hinkson (H. A.), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Fan Fitzgerald.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Silk and Steel.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hoey (Mrs. Cashel).</b>&mdash;<b>The Lover’s Creed.</b> Post 8vo, boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Holiday, Where to go for a.</b> By <span class="smcap">E. P. Sholl</span>, Sir <span class="smcap">H. Maxwell</span>,
-Bart., M.P., <span class="smcap">John Watson</span>, <span class="smcap">Jane Barlow</span>, <span class="smcap">Mary Lovett Cameron</span>, <span class="smcap">Justin H. McCarthy</span>,
-<span class="smcap">Paul Lange</span>, <span class="smcap">J. W. Graham</span>, <span class="smcap">J. H. Salter</span>, <span class="smcap">Phœbe Allen</span>, <span class="smcap">S. J. Beckett</span>, <span class="smcap">L. Rivers Vine</span>,
-and <span class="smcap">C. F. Gordon Cumming</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Holmes (Oliver Wendell), Works by.</b></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table.</b> Illustrated by <span class="smcap">J. Gordon Thomson</span>. Post 8vo, cloth
-limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> Another Edition, post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table</b> and <b>The Professor at the Breakfast-Table</b>.
-In One Vol. Post 8vo, half-bound, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hood’s (Thomas) Choice Works</b> in Prose and Verse. With Life of
-the Author, Portrait, and 200 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hood’s Whims and Oddities.</b> With 85 Illustrations. Post 8vo, half-bound, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hook’s (Theodore) Choice Humorous Works</b>; including his Ludicrous
-Adventures, Bons Mots, Puns, Hoaxes. With Life and Frontispiece. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hopkins (Tighe), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>For Freedom.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>‘Twixt Love and Duty.</b> With a Frontispiece.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Nugents of Carriconna.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Incomplete Adventurer.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Nell Haffenden.</b> With 8 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">C. Gregory</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Horne (R. Hengist).</b>&mdash;<b>Orion</b>: An Epic Poem. With Photograph
-Portrait by <span class="smcap">Summers</span>. Tenth Edition. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 7<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hornung (E. W.).</b>&mdash;<b>The Shadow of the Rope.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth,
-gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hugo (Victor).</b>&mdash;<b>The Outlaw of Iceland (Han d’Islande).</b> Translated
-by Sir <span class="smcap">Gilbert Campbell</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hume (Fergus) Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Lady from Nowhere.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Millionaire Mystery.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Wheeling Light.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hungerford</b> (<b>Mrs.</b>, Author of ‘Molly Bawn’), <b>Novels by.</b>
-Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Maiden All Forlorn.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In Durance Vile.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Marvel.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Modern Circe.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>April’s Lady.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Peter’s Wife.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Lady Patty.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Lady Verner’s Flight.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Red-House Mystery.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>An Unsatisfactory Lover.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Professor’s Experiment.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Three Graces.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Nora Creina.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Mental Struggle.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>An Anxious Moment.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Coming of Chloe.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Point of Conscience.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Lovice.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hunt’s (Leigh) Essays: A Tale for a Chimney Corner</b>, &amp;c. Edited
-by <span class="smcap">Edmund Ollier</span>. Post 8vo, half-bound, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hunt (Mrs. Alfred), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Leaden Casket.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Self-Condemned.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>That Other Person.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Mrs. Juliet.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hutchison (W. M.).</b>&mdash;<b>Hints on Colt-breaking.</b> With 25 Illustrations.
-Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Hydrophobia</b>: An Account of M. <span class="smcap">Pasteur’s</span> System; The Technique of
-his Method, and Statistics. By <span class="smcap">Renaud Suzor</span>, M.B. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Idler Magazine (The).</b> Edited by <span class="smcap">Robert Barr</span>. Profusely Illustrated.
-6<i>d.</i> Monthly.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Impressions (The) of Aureole.</b> Post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Indoor Paupers.</b> By <span class="smcap">One of Them</span>. Crown 8vo, 1<i>s.</i>; cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Inman (Herbert) and Hartley Aspden.</b>&mdash;<b>The Tear of Kalee.</b>
-Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>In Memoriam</b>: Verses for every Day in the Year. Selected and
-arranged by <span class="smcap">Lucy Ridley</span>. Small square 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> net; leather, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> net.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Innkeeper’s Handbook (The) and Licensed Victualler’s Manual.</b>
-By <span class="smcap">J. Trevor-Davies</span>. A New Edition. Crown 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i></p>
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-<p class="hang"><b>Irish Wit and Humour, Songs of.</b> Collected and Edited by <span class="smcap">A.
-Perceval Graves</span>. Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Irving (Sir Henry)</b>: A Record of over Twenty Years at the Lyceum.
-By <span class="smcap">Percy Fitzgerald</span>. With Portrait. Crown 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>James (C. T. C.).</b>&mdash;<b>A Romance of the Queen’s Hounds.</b> Post
-8vo, cloth limp, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Jameson (William).</b>&mdash;<b>My Dead Self.</b> Post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
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-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Jefferies (Richard), Books by.</b></p>
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-
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-<li class="b"><b>Nature near London.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Life of the Fields.</b></li>
-</ul>
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-
-<p class="hang1">Also, the <span class="smcap">Large Type, Fine Paper Edition</span> of <b>The Life of the Fields</b>. Pott 8vo, cloth
-gilt top, 2<i>s.</i> net; leather, gilt edges, 3<i>s.</i> net.</p>
-
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-
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-Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
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-
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-</ul>
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-
-<p class="hang"><b>Jerome (Jerome K.).</b>&mdash;<b>Stageland.</b> With 64 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">J.
-Bernard Partridge</span>. Fcap. 4to, picture cover, 1<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Jerrold (Douglas).</b>&mdash;<b>The Barber’s Chair</b>; and <b>The Hedgehog
-Letters</b>. Post 8vo, printed on laid paper and half-bound, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Jerrold (Tom), Works by.</b> Post 8vo, 1<i>s.</i> ea.; cloth limp, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
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-<li class="b"><b>The Garden that Paid the Rent.</b></li>
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-
-<p class="hang"><b>Jesse (Edward).</b>&mdash;<b>Scenes and Occupations of a Country Life.</b>
-Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i></p>
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-
-<p class="hang"><b>Johnston (R.).</b>&mdash;<b>The Peril of an Empire.</b> Cr. 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
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-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Jonson’s (Ben) Works.</b> With Notes Critical and Explanatory, and
-a Biographical Memoir by <span class="smcap">William Gifford</span>. Edited by Colonel <span class="smcap">Cunningham</span>. Three Vols.
-crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Josephus, The Complete Works of.</b> Translated by <span class="smcap">William Whiston</span>.
-Containing ‘The Antiquities of the Jews’ and ‘The Wars of the Jews.’ With 52 Illustrations
-and Maps. Two Vols., demy 8vo, half-cloth, 12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Kempt (Robert).</b>&mdash;<b>Pencil and Palette</b>: Chapters on Art and Artists.
-Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Kershaw (Mark).</b>&mdash;<b>Colonial Facts and Fictions</b>: Humorous
-Sketches. Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i>; cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
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-<li class="b"><b>‘The Wearing of the Green.’</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Passion’s Slave.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Bell Barry.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>A Drawn Game.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Kipling Primer (A).</b> Including Biographical and Critical Chapters,
-an Index to Mr. Kipling’s principal Writings and Bibliographies. By <span class="smcap">F. L. Knowles</span>, Editor of
-’The Golden Treasury of American Lyrics.’ With Two Portraits. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Knight (William, M.R.C.S., and Edward, L.R.C.P.).</b>&mdash;<b>The
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-
-
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-
-
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-
-
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-With Two Portraits and Facsimile of the ‘Essay on Roast Pig.’ Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
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-
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-Fitzgerald</span>. Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
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-and Steel-plate Portrait. Fcap. 8vo, half-bound, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Landor (Walter Savage).</b>&mdash;<b>Citation and Examination of William</b>
-Shakspeare, &amp;c. before Sir Thomas Lucy, touching Deer-stealing, 19th September, 1582. To which
-is added, <b>A Conference of Master Edmund Spenser</b> with the Earl of Essex, touching the
-State of Ireland, 1595. Fcap. 8vo, half-Roxburghe, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Lane (Edward William).</b>&mdash;<b>The Thousand and One Nights</b>, commonly
-called in England <b>The Arabian Nights’ Entertainments</b>. Translated from the Arabic,
-with Notes. Illustrated with many hundred Engravings from Designs by <span class="smcap">Harvey</span>. Edited by <span class="smcap">Edward
-Stanley Poole</span>. With Preface by <span class="smcap">Stanley Lane-Poole</span>. Three Vols., demy 8vo, cloth, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> ea.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Larwood (Jacob), Works by.</b></p>
-
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-<li class="b"><b>Anecdotes of the Clergy.</b> Post 8vo, laid paper, half cloth, 2<i>s.</i></li>
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-<li class="b"><b>Humour of the Law: Forensic Anecdotes.</b> Post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Lehmann (R. C.).</b>&mdash;<b>Harry Fludyer at Cambridge</b>, and <b>Conversational
-Hints for Young Shooters</b>. Crown 8vo, turned-in cover, 1<i>s.</i>; cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Leigh (Henry S.).</b>&mdash;<b>Carols of Cockayne.</b> Printed on hand-made
-paper, bound in buckram, 5<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Leland (C. Godfrey).</b>&mdash;<b>A Manual of Mending and Repairing.</b>
-With Diagrams. Crown 8vo, cloth, 5<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Lepelletier (Edmond).</b>&mdash;<b>Madame Sans-Gene.</b> Translated from
-the French by <span class="smcap">John de Villiers</span>. Post 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Leys (John K.), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Lindsays.</b> Post 8vo, picture bds., 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Sore Temptation.</b> Cr. 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Lilburn (Adam).</b>&mdash;<b>A Tragedy in Marble.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Lindsay (Harry, Author of ‘Methodist Idylls’), Novels by.</b></p>
-
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-
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-<li class="b"><b>Rhoda Roberts.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Jacobite</b>: A Romance of the Conspiracy of ‘The Forty.’</li>
-</ul>
-
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-
-<ul class="books">
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-<li class="b"><b>The Story of Leah.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Linton (E. Lynn), Works by.</b></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>An Octave of Friends.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Patricia Kemball.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Atonement of Leam Dundas.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The World Well Lost.</b> With 12 Illusts.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The One Too Many.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ione.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Under which Lord?</b> With 12 Illustrations.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>‘My Love!’</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Paston Carew</b>, Millionaire and Miser.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dulcie Everton.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Sowing the Wind.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>With a Silken Thread.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Rebel of the Family.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Witch Stories.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ourselves</b>: Essays on Women.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Freeshooting</b>: Extracts from the Works of Mrs. <span class="smcap">Lynn Linton</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Lowe (Charles, M.A.).</b>&mdash;<b>Our Greatest Living Soldiers.</b> With
-8 Portraits. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Lucy (Henry W.).</b>&mdash;<b>Gideon Fleyce</b>: A Novel. Crown 8vo, cloth
-extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>McCarthy (Justin), Works by.</b></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Reign of Queen Anne.</b> 2 vols., demy 8vo, cloth, 12<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>A History of the Four Georges and of William the Fourth.</b> By <span class="smcap">Justin McCarthy</span>
-and <span class="smcap">Justin Huntly McCarthy</span>. Four Vols., demy 8vo, cloth extra, 12<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>A History of Our Own Times</b>, from the Accession of Queen Victoria to the General Election of
-1880. <span class="smcap">Library Edition.</span> Four Vols., demy 8vo, cloth extra, 12<i>s.</i> each.&mdash;Also a <span class="smcap">Popular
-Edition</span>, in Four Vols., crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i> each.&mdash;And the <span class="smcap">Jubilee Edition</span>, with an
-Appendix of Events to the end of 1886, in Two Vols., large crown 8vo, cloth extra, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>A History of Our Own Times</b>, Vol. V., from 1880 to the Diamond Jubilee. Demy 8vo, cloth
-extra, 12<i>s.</i>; or crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>A History of Our Own Times</b>, Vol. VI., from the Diamond Jubilee, 1897, to the Accession of
-King Edward VII. Demy 8vo, cloth, 12<i>s.</i> &nbsp; [<i>Shortly.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>A Short History of Our Own Times.</b> One Vol., crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i>&mdash;Also a <span class="smcap">Cheap
-Popular Edition</span>, post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Reminiscences.</b> With a Portrait. Two Vols., demy 8vo, cloth, 24<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Story of an Irishman.</b> Demy 8vo, cloth, 12<i>s.</i> &nbsp; [<i>Shortly.</i></p>
-
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-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Waterdale Neighbours.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>My Enemy’s Daughter.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Fair Saxon.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dear Lady Disdain.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Miss Misanthrope.</b> With 12 Illustrations.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Linley Rochford.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Dictator.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Donna Quixote.</b> With 12 Illustrations.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Comet of a Season.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Maid of Athens.</b> With 12 Illustrations.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Camiola</b>: A Girl with a Fortune.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Red Diamonds.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Riddle Ring.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Three Disgraces</b>, and other Stories.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mononia</b>: A Love Story of ‘Forty-eight.’</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>‘The Right Honourable.’</b> By <span class="smcap">Justin McCarthy</span> and Mrs. <span class="smcap">Campbell Praed</span>. Crown 8vo,
-cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>McCarthy (Justin Huntly), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The French Revolution.</b> (Constituent Assembly, 1789-91). Four Vols., demy 8vo, cloth, 12<i>s.</i> each.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>An Outline of the History of Ireland.</b> Crown 8vo, 1<i>s.</i>; cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ireland Since the Union</b>: Sketches of Irish History, 1798-1886. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Hafiz in London</b>: Poems. Small 8vo, gold cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Our Sensation Novel.</b> Crown 8vo, picture cover, 1<i>s.</i>; cloth limp, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Doom</b>: An Atlantic Episode. Crown 8vo, picture cover, 1<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dolly</b>: A Sketch. Crown 8vo, picture cover, 1<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Lily Lass</b>: A Romance. Crown 8vo, picture cover, 1<i>s.</i>; cloth limp, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A London Legend.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>MacColl (Hugh), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Mr. Stranger’s Sealed Packet.</b> Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ednor Whitlock.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Macdonell (Agnes).</b>&mdash;<b>Quaker Cousins.</b> Post 8vo, boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>MacDonald (George, LL.D.), Books by.</b></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Works of Fancy and Imagination.</b> Ten Vols., 16mo, cloth, gilt edges, in cloth case, 21<i>s.</i>; or
-the Volumes may be had separately, in Grolier cloth, at 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Vol. I. <span class="smcap">Within and Without.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">The Hidden Life.</span></li>
-
-<li class="b">Vol. II. <span class="smcap">The Disciple.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">The Gospel Women.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Book of Sonnets.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Organ Songs.</span></li>
-
-<li class="b">Vol. III. <span class="smcap">Violin Songs.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Songs of the Days and Nights.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">A Book of Dreams.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Roadside
-Poems.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Poems for Children.</span></li>
-
-<li class="b">Vol. IV. <span class="smcap">Parables.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Ballads.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Scotch Songs.</span></li>
-
-<li class="b">Vol. V. &amp; VI. <span class="smcap">Phantastes</span>: A Faerie Romance.</li>
-
-<li class="b">Vol. VII. <span class="smcap">The Portent.</span></li>
-
-<li class="b">Vol. VIII. <span class="smcap">The Light Princess.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">The Giant’s Heart.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Shadows.</span></li>
-
-<li class="b">Vol. IX. <span class="smcap">Cross Purposes.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">The Golden Key.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">The Carasoyn.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Little Daylight.</span></li>
-
-<li class="b">Vol. X. <span class="smcap">The Cruel Painter.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">The Wow o’ Rivven.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">The Castle.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">The Broken Swords.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">The
-Gray Wolf.</span>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Uncle Cornelius.</span></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Poetical Works of George MacDonald.</b> Collected and Arranged by the Author. Two Vols.
-crown 8vo, buckram, 12<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>A Threefold Cord.</b> Edited by <span class="smcap">George MacDonald</span>. Post 8vo, cloth, 5<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Phantastes</b>: A Faerie Romance. With 25 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">J. Bell</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Heather and Snow</b>: A Novel. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Lilith</b>: A Romance. <span class="smcap">Second Edition.</span> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>MacGregor (Robert).</b>&mdash;<b>Pastimes and Players</b>: Notes on Popular
-Games. Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Machray (Robert), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Blow over the Heart.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Mystery of Lincoln’s Inn.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Mackay (Charles, LL.D.).</b>&mdash;<b>Interludes and Undertones</b>; or,
-Music at Twilight. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Mackenna (Stephen J.) and J. Augustus O’Shea.</b>&mdash;<b>Brave Men
-in Action</b>: Thrilling Stories of the British Flag. With 8 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Stanley L. Wood</span>.
-Small demy 8vo, cloth, gilt edges, 5<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Maclise Portrait Gallery (The) of Illustrious Literary Characters:
-85 Portraits</b> by <span class="smcap">Daniel Maclise</span>; with Memoirs&mdash;Biographical, Critical, Bibliographical,
-and Anecdotal&mdash;illustrative of the Literature of the former half of the Present Century, by <span class="smcap">William
-Bates</span>, B.A. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Macquoid (Mrs.), Works by.</b> Square 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>In the Ardennes.</b> With 50 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Thomas R. Macquoid</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Pictures and Legends from Normandy and Brittany.</b> 34 Illusts. by <span class="smcap">T. R. Macquoid</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Through Normandy.</b> With 92 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">T. R. Macquoid</span>, and a Map.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>About Yorkshire.</b> With 67 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">T. R. Macquoid</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Magician’s Own Book, The</b>: Performances with Eggs, Hats, &amp;c.
-Edited by <span class="smcap">W. H. Cremer</span>. With 200 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Magic Lantern, The</b>, and its Management: Including full Practical
-Directions. By <span class="smcap">T. C. Hepworth</span>. With 10 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, 1<i>s.</i>; cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Magna Charta</b>: An Exact Facsimile of the Original in the British
-Museum, 3 feet by 2 feet, with Arms and Seals emblazoned in Gold and Colours, 5<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Mallory (Sir Thomas).</b>&mdash;<b>Mort d’Arthur</b>: The Stories of King
-Arthur and of the Knights of the Round Table. (A Selection.) Edited by <span class="smcap">B. Montgomerie Ranking</span>.
-Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Mallock (W. H.), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The New Republic.</b> Post 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The New Paul and Virginia</b>: Positivism on an Island. Post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Poems.</b> Small 4to, parchment, 8<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Is Life Worth Living?</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Margueritte (Paul and Victor), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Disaster.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Commune.</b> Translated by <span class="smcap">F. Lees</span> and <span class="smcap">R. B. Douglas</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Marlowe’s Works.</b> Including his Translations. Edited, with Notes
-and Introductions, by Colonel <span class="smcap">Cunningham</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Mason (Finch).</b>&mdash;<b>Annals of the Horse-Shoe Club.</b> With 5 Illustrations
-by the <span class="smcap">Author</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Massinger’s Plays.</b> From the Text of <span class="smcap">William Gifford</span>. Edited
-by Col. <span class="smcap">Cunningham</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Masterman (J.).</b>&mdash;<b>Half-a-dozen Daughters.</b> Post 8vo, picture
-boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Matthews (Brander).</b>&mdash;<b>A Secret of the Sea</b>, &amp;c. Post 8vo, illustrated
-boards, 2<i>s.</i>; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Max O’Rell, Books by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Her Royal Highness Woman.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Between Ourselves.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Rambles in Womanland.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Merivale (Herman).</b>&mdash;<b>Bar, Stage, and Platform</b>: Autobiographic
-Memories. With a Portrait. Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Meade (L. T.), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>A Soldier of Fortune.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Voice of the Charmer.</b> With 8 Illustrations.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>In an Iron Grip.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Siren.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dr. Rumsey’s Patient.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>On the Brink of a Chasm.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Way of a Woman.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Son of Ishmael.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>An Adventuress.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Blue Diamond.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Stumble by the Way.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>This Troublesome World.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Rosebury.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Merrick (Leonard), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Man who was Good.</b> Post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>This Stage of Fools.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Cynthia</b>: A Daughter of the Philistines.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Miller (Mrs. F. Fenwick).</b>&mdash;<b>Physiology for the Young</b>; or, The
-House of Life. With numerous Illustrations. Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Milton (J. L.).</b>&mdash;<b>The Bath in Diseases of the Skin.</b> Post 8vo,
-1<i>s.</i>; cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Minto (Wm.).</b>&mdash;<b>Was She Good or Bad?</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Mitchell (Edmund), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Lone Star Rush.</b> With 8 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Norman H. Hardy</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Only a Nigger.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Belforts of Culben.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, picture cloth, flat backs, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Plotters of Paris.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Temple of Death.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Towards the Eternal Snows.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Mitford (Bertram), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Gun-Runner</b>: A Romance of Zululand. With a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Stanley L. Wood</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Renshaw Fanning’s Quest.</b> With a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Stanley L. Wood</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Triumph of Hilary Blachland.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; picture cloth, flat backs, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The King’s Assegai.</b> With Six full-page Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Stanley L. Wood</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Haviland’s Chum.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Molesworth (Mrs.).</b>&mdash;<b>Hathercourt Rectory.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth,
-3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Moncrieff (W. D. Scott-).</b>&mdash;<b>The Abdication</b>: An Historical Drama.
-With Seven Etchings by <span class="smcap">John Pettie</span>, <span class="smcap">W. Q. Orchardson</span>, <span class="smcap">J. MacWhirter</span>, <span class="smcap">Colin Hunter</span>,
-<span class="smcap">R. Macbeth</span> and <span class="smcap">Tom Graham</span>. Imperial 4to, buckram, 21<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Montagu (Irving).</b>&mdash;<b>Things I Have Seen in War.</b> With 16 full-page
-Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Moore (Thomas), Works by.</b></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Epicurean</b>; and <b>Alciphron</b>. Post 8vo, half-bound, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Prose and Verse</b>; including Suppressed Passages from the <span class="smcap">Memoirs of Lord Byron</span>. Edited
-by <span class="smcap">R. H. Shepherd</span>. With Portrait. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Murray (D. Christie), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Life’s Atonement.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Joseph’s Coat.</b> 12 Illusts.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Coals of Fire.</b> 3 Illusts.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Val Strange.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Hearts.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Way of the World.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Model Father.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Old Blazer’s Hero.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Cynic Fortune.</b> Frontisp.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>By the Gate of the Sea.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Bit of Human Nature.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>First Person Singular.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Bob Martin’s Little Girl.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Time’s Revenges.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Wasted Crime.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In Direst Peril.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mount Despair.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Capful o’ Nails.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Making of a Novelist</b>: An Experiment in Autobiography. With a Collotype Portrait. Cr.
-8vo, buckram, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>My Contemporaries in Fiction.</b> Crown 8vo, buckram, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>His Own Ghost.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>This Little World.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Race for Millions.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Church of Humanity.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Tales in Prose and Verse.</b> With a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Arthur Hopkins</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>V. C.</b>: A Chronicle of Castle Barfield and of the Crimea.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Despair’s Last Journey.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Verona’s Father.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Joseph’s Coat.</b> <span class="smcap">Popular Edition</span>, medium 8vo, 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Murray (D. Christie) and Henry Herman, Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>One Traveller Returns.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Paul Jones’s Alias</b>, &amp;c. With Illustrations by <span class="smcap">A. Forestier</span> and <span class="smcap">G. Nicolet</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Bishops’ Bible.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Murray (Henry), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Game of Bluff.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Song of Sixpence.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Morris (Rev. W. Meredith, B.A.).</b>&mdash;<b>British Violin-Makers</b>,
-Classical and Modern. With numerous Portraits, Illustrations, and Facsimiles of Labels. Demy 8vo,
-cloth, gilt top, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> net.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Morrow (W. C.).</b>&mdash;<b>Bohemian Paris of To-Day.</b> With 106 Illustrations
-by <span class="smcap">Edouard Cucuel</span>. Small demy 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Muddock (J. E.), Stories by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Basile the Jester.</b> With Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Stanley Wood</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Young Lochinvar.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Golden Idol.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Dead Man’s Secret.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>From the Bosom of the Deep.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Stories Weird and Wonderful.</b> Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i>; cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Maid Marian and Robin Hood.</b> With 12 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Stanley L. Wood</span>. Crown 8vo,
-cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Nisbet (Hume), Books by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>‘Bail Up.’</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dr. Bernard St. Vincent.</b> Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Lessons in Art.</b> With 21 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Norris (W. E.), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo,
-picture boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Saint Ann’s.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Billy Bellew.</b> With a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">F. H. Townsend</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Miss Wentworth’s Idea.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Ohnet (Georges), Novels by.</b> Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Doctor Rameau.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Last Love.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>A Weird Gift.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Love’s Depths.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Woman of Mystery.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Money-Maker.</b> Translated by <span class="smcap">F. Rothwell</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Oliphant (Mrs.), Novels by.</b> Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Primrose Path.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Greatest Heiress in England.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Whiteladies.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, with 12 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Arthur Hopkins</span> and <span class="smcap">Henry Woods</span>,
-3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Sorceress.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Orrock (James), Painter, Connoisseur, Collector.</b> By <span class="smcap">Byron
-Webber</span>. In Two Handsome Volumes, small folio, Illustrated with nearly One Hundred Photogravure
-Plates and a profusion of Drawings reproduced in half-tone, in a binding designed by Sir <span class="smcap">J. D.
-Linton</span>, P.R.I. Price, in buckram gilt, Ten Guineas net.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>O’Shaughnessy (Arthur), Poems by</b>.</p>
-
-<p class="center">Fcap. 8vo, cloth extra, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Music and Moonlight.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Songs of a Worker.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Lays of France.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Ouida, Novels by.</b> Cr. 8vo, cl., 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> ea.; post 8vo, illust. bds., 2<i>s.</i> ea.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Held in Bondage.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Dog of Flanders.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In Maremma.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Wanda.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Tricotrin.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Pascarel.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Signa.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Bimbi.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Strathmore.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Chandos.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Two Wooden Shoes.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Frescoes.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Othmar.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Cecil Castlemaine’s Gage.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In a Winter City.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Princess Napraxine.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Under Two Flags.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ariadne.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Friendship.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Guilderoy.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ruffino.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Puck.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Idalia.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Village Commune.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Two Offenders.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Folle-Farine.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Moths.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Pipistrello.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Santa Barbara.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Popular Editions</span>, medium 8vo, 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Under Two Flags.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Moths.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Held in Bondage.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Puck.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Strathmore.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Tricotrin.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Syrlin.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i>; illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Waters of Edera.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Wisdom, Wit, and Pathos</b>, selected from the Works of <span class="smcap">Ouida</span> by <span class="smcap">F. Sydney Morris</span>. Post
-8vo, cloth extra, 5<i>s.</i>&mdash;<span class="smcap">Cheap Edition</span>, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Pain (Barry).</b>&mdash;<b>Eliza’s Husband.</b> Fcap. 8vo, picture cover, 1<i>s.</i>;
-cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Palmer (W. T.), Books by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Lake Country Rambles.</b> With a Frontispiece.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>In Lakeland Dells and Fells.</b> With a Frontispiece.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Pandurang Hari</b>; or, Memoirs of a Hindoo. With Preface by Sir
-<span class="smcap">Bartle Frere</span>. Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Paris Salon, The Illustrated Catalogue of the, for 1904.</b> (Twenty-sixth
-Year.) With over 300 Illustrations. Demy 8vo, 3<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Pascal’s Provincial Letters.</b> A New Translation, with Historical
-Introduction and Notes by <span class="smcap">T. M’Crie</span>, D.D. Post 8vo, half-cloth, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Paternoster (G. Sidney).</b>&mdash;<b>The Motor Pirate.</b> With 12 Illustrations
-by <span class="smcap">C. R. Sykes</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Paston Letters (The), 1422-1509.</b> Containing upwards of 600 more
-Letters than appeared in the original 5-volume issue in 1787-1823. Edited, with Introduction and
-Notes, by <span class="smcap">James Gairdner</span>, of the Public Record Office. A <span class="smcap">New Edition</span>, in 6 Volumes, square
-demy 8vo, art linen, gilt top, 12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> net per volume. (Sold only in sets.)</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Paul (Margaret A.).</b>&mdash;<b>Gentle and Simple.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, with
-Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Helen Paterson</span>, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Payn (James), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Lost Sir Massingberd.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A County Family.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Less Black than We’re Painted.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>By Proxy.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>For Cash Only.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>High Spirits.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Confidential Agent.</b> With 12 Illusts.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Grape from a Thorn.</b> With 12 Illusts.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Family Scapegrace.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Holiday Tasks.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Talk of the Town.</b> With 12 Illusts.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Mystery of Mirbridge.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Word and the Will.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Burnt Million.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Sunny Stories.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Trying Patient.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Humorous Stories.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>From Exile.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Foster Brothers.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Married Beneath Him.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Bentinck’s Tutor.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Walter’s Word.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Perfect Treasure.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Like Father, Like Son.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Woman’s Vengeance.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Carlyon’s Year.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Cecil’s Tryst.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Murphy’s Master.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>At Her Mercy.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Clyffards of Clyffe.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Some Private Views.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Found Dead.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Gwendoline’s Harvest.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mirk Abbey.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Marine Residence.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Canon’s Ward.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Not Wooed, But Won.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Two Hundred Pounds Reward.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Best of Husbands.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Halves.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>What He Cost Her.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Fallen Fortunes.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Kit: A Memory.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Under One Roof.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Glow-worm Tales.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Prince of the Blood.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>A Modern Dick Whittington</b>; or, A Patron of Letters. With a Portrait of the Author. Crown
-8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Notes from the ‘News.’</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Walter’s Ward.</b> <span class="smcap">Popular Edition</span>, medium 8vo, 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Payne (Will).</b>&mdash;<b>Jerry the Dreamer.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Pennell-Elmhirst (Captain E.).</b>&mdash;<b>The Best of the Fun.</b> With
-8 Coloured Illustrations by <span class="smcap">G. D. Giles</span>, and 48 in Black and White by <span class="smcap">J. Sturgess</span> and <span class="smcap">G. D.
-Giles</span>. Medium 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 16<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Pennell (H. Cholmondeley), Works by.</b> Post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> ea.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Puck on Pegasus.</b> With Illustrations.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Pegasus Re-Saddled.</b> With Ten full-page Illustrations by <span class="smcap">G. Du Maurier</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Muses of Mayfair</b>: Vers de Société. Selected by <span class="smcap">H. C. Pennell</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Penny (F. E.).</b>&mdash;<b>The Sanyasi</b>: An Indian Romance. Crown 8vo,
-cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Phelps (E. Stuart), Books by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Beyond the Gates.</b> Post 8vo, picture cover, 1<i>s.</i>; cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Jack the Fisherman.</b> Illustrated by <span class="smcap">C. W. Reed</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Phil May’s Sketch-Book.</b> Containing 54 Humorous Cartoons. Crown
-folio, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Phipson (Dr. T. L.), Books by.</b> Crown 8vo, canvas, gilt top, 5<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Famous Violinists and Fine Violins.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Confessions of a Violinist.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Voice and Violin</b>: Sketches, Anecdotes, and Reminiscences.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Pilkington (Lionel L.).</b>&mdash;<b>Mallender’s Mistake.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth,
-gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Planche (J. R.), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Pursuivant of Arms.</b> With Six Plates and 209 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Songs and Poems</b>, 1819-1879. With Introduction by Mrs. <span class="smcap">Mackarness</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Plutarch’s Lives of Illustrious Men.</b> With Notes and a Life of
-Plutarch by <span class="smcap">John</span> and <span class="smcap">Wm. Langhorne</span>, and Portraits. Two Vols., demy 8vo, half-cloth, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Poe’s (Edgar Allan) Choice Works: Poems, Stories, Essays.</b>
-With an Introduction by <span class="smcap">Charles Baudelaire</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Pollock (W. H.).</b>&mdash;<b>The Charm</b>, and other Drawing-room Plays. By
-Sir <span class="smcap">Walter Besant</span> and <span class="smcap">Walter H. Pollock</span>. With 50 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth gilt, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Praed (Mrs. Campbell), Novels by.</b> Post 8vo, illust. bds., 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Romance of a Station.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Soul of Countess Adrian.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Outlaw and Lawmaker.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Christina Chard.</b> With Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">W. Paget</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mrs. Tregaskiss.</b> With 8 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Robert Sauber</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Nulma.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Madame Izan.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>‘As a Watch in the Night.’</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Price (E. C.).</b>&mdash;<b>Valentina.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Princess Olga.</b>&mdash;<b>Radna</b>: A Novel. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Proctor (Richard A.), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Flowers of the Sky.</b> With 55 Illustrations. Small crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Easy Star Lessons.</b> With Star Maps for every Night in the Year. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Familiar Science Studies.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Saturn and its System.</b> With 13 Steel Plates. Demy 8vo, cloth extra, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mysteries of Time and Space.</b> With numerous Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Universe of Suns</b>, &amp;c. With numerous Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Wages and Wants of Science Workers.</b> Crown 8vo, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Pryce (Richard).</b>&mdash;<b>Miss Maxwell’s Affections.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth,
-with Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Hal Ludlow</span>, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Rambosson (J.).</b>&mdash;<b>Popular Astronomy.</b> Translated by <span class="smcap">C. B. Pitman</span>.
-With 10 Coloured Plates and 63 Woodcut Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Randolph (Col. G.).</b>&mdash;<b>Aunt Abigail Dykes.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Richardson (Frank), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Man who Lost his Past.</b> With 50 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Tom Browne</span>, R.I.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Bayswater Miracle.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The King’s Counsel.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Semi-Society.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Riddell (Mrs. J. H.), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Rich Man’s Daughter.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Weird Stories.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Uninhabited House.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Prince of Wales’s Garden Party.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Mystery in Palace Gardens.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Fairy Water.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Her Mother’s Darling.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Nun’s Curse.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Idle Tales.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Reade’s (Charles) Novels.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">The Collected <span class="smcap">Library Edition</span>, in Seventeen Volumes, crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">1. <b>Peg Woffington</b>; and <b>Christie Johnstone</b>.</li>
-
-<li class="b">2. <b>Hard Cash.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b">3. <b>The Cloister and the Hearth.</b> With a
-Preface by Sir <span class="smcap">Walter Besant</span>.</li>
-
-<li class="b">4. <b>‘It is Never Too Late to Mend.’</b></li>
-
-<li class="b">5. <b>The Course of True Love Never Did
-Run Smooth</b>; and <b>Singleheart and
-Doubleface</b>.</li>
-
-<li class="b">6. <b>The Autobiography of a Thief</b>; <b>Jack
-of all Trades</b>; <b>A Hero and a Martyr</b>;
-and <b>The Wandering Heir</b>.</li>
-
-<li class="b">7. <b>Love Me Little, Love me Long.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b">8. <b>The Double Marriage.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b">9. <b>Griffith Gaunt.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b">10. <b>Foul Play.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b">11. <b>Put Yourself in His Place.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b">12. <b>A Terrible Temptation.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b">13. <b>A Simpleton.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b">14. <b>A Woman-Hater.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b">15. <b>The Jilt</b>, and other Stories; and <b>Good
-Stories of Man and other Animals</b>.</li>
-
-<li class="b">16. <b>A Perilous Secret.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b">17. <b>Readiana</b>; and <b>Bible Characters</b>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">In Twenty-one Volumes, post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Peg Woffington.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Christie Johnstone.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>‘It is Never Too Late to Mend.’</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>The Course of True Love Never Did Run
-Smooth.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>The Autobiography of a Thief</b>; <b>Jack of
-all Trades</b>; and <b>James Lambert</b>.</li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Love Me Little, Love Me Long.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>The Double Marriage.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>The Cloister and the Hearth.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Hard Cash.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Griffith Gaunt.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Foul Play.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Put Yourself in His Place.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>A Terrible Temptation.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>A Simpleton.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>The Wandering Heir.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>A Woman-Hater.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Singleheart and Doubleface.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Good Stories of Man and other Animals.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>The Jilt</b>, and other Stories.</li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>A Perilous Secret.</b></li>
-
-<li class="b"><b>Readiana.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Large Type, Fine Paper Editions.</span> Pott 8vo, cl., gilt top, 2<i>s.</i> net ea.; leather, gilt edges, 3<i>s.</i> net ea.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Cloister and the Hearth.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>‘It is Never Too Late to Mend.’</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Popular Editions</span>, medium 8vo, 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>‘It is Never Too Late to Mend.’</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Cloister and the Hearth.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Foul Play.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Peg Woffington</b>; and <b>Christie Johnstone</b>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Hard Cash.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Griffith Gaunt.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Put Yourself in His Place.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Christie Johnstone.</b> With Frontispiece. Choicely printed in Elzevir style. Fcap. 8vo, half-Roxb. 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Peg Woffington.</b> Choicely printed in Elzevir style. Fcap. 8vo, half-Roxburgh, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Cloister and the Hearth.</b> <span class="smcap">Edition de Luxe</span>, with 16 Photogravure and 84
-half-tone Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Matt B. Hewerdine</span>. Small 4to, cloth gilt and gilt top, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> net.&mdash;Also
-in Four Vols., post 8vo, with an Introduction by Sir <span class="smcap">Walter Besant</span>, and a Frontispiece to
-each Vol., buckram gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> the set.</p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Bible Characters.</b> Fcap. 8vo, leatherette, 1<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Selections from the Works of Charles Reade.</b> With an Introduction by Mrs. <span class="smcap">Alex.
-Ireland</span>. Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Rimmer (Alfred), Works by.</b> Large crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Rambles Round Eton and Harrow.</b> With 52 Illustrations by the Author.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>About England with Dickens.</b> With 58 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">C. A. Vanderhoof</span> and <span class="smcap">A. Rimmer</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Rives (Amelie), Stories by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Barbara Dering.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Meriel</b>: A Love Story.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Robinson Crusoe.</b> By <span class="smcap">Daniel Defoe</span>. With 37 Illustrations by
-<span class="smcap">George Cruikshank</span>. Post 8vo, half-cloth, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Robinson (Phil), Works by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Poets’ Birds.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Poets’ Beasts.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Poets’ Reptiles, Fishes, and Insects.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Robinson (F. W.), Novels by.</b></p>
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Women are Strange.</b> Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Hands of Justice.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Woman in the Dark.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Roll of Battle Abbey, The</b>: A List of the Principal Warriors who
-came from Normandy with William the Conqueror, 1066. Printed in Gold and Colours, 5<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Rosengarten (A.).</b>&mdash;<b>A Handbook of Architectural Styles.</b> Translated
-by <span class="smcap">W. Collett-Sandars</span>. With 630 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Ross (Albert).</b>&mdash;<b>A Sugar Princess.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Rowley (Hon. Hugh).</b> Post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Puniana</b>: or, Thoughts Wise and Other-wise: a Collection of the Best Riddles, Conundrums, Jokes,
-Sells, &amp;c., with numerous Illustrations by the Author.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>More Puniana</b>: A Second Collection of Riddles, Jokes, &amp;c. With numerous Illustrations.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Runciman (James), Stories by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Schools and Scholars.</b> Post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Skippers and Shellbacks.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Russell (Dora), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Country Sweetheart.</b> Post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Drift of Fate.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Russell (Herbert).</b>&mdash;<b>True Blue.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Russell (Rev. John) and his Out-of-door Life.</b> By <span class="smcap">E. W. L.
-Davies</span>. A New Edition, with Illustrations coloured by hand. Royal 8vo, cloth, 16<i>s.</i> net.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Russell (W. Clark), Novels, &amp;c., by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Overdue.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Wrong Side Out.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Round the Galley-Fire.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In the Middle Watch.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>On the Fo’k’sle Head.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Tale of the Ten.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Voyage to the Cape.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Book for the Hammock.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Mystery of the ‘Ocean Star.’</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Romance of Jenny Harlowe.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>An Ocean Tragedy.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>My Shipmate Louise.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Alone on a Wide Wide Sea.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Good Ship ‘Mohock.’</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Phantom Death.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Is He the Man?</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Convict Ship.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Heart of Oak.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Last Entry.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Tale of Two Tunnels.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Death Ship.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Ship</b>: Her Story. With 50 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">H. C. Seppings Wright</span>. Small 4to, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The ‘Pretty Polly’</b>: A Voyage of Incident. With 12 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">G. E. Robertson</span>.
-Large crown 8vo, cloth, gilt edges, 5<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Convict Ship.</b> <span class="smcap">Popular Edition</span>, medium 8vo, 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Saint Aubyn (Alan), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Fellow of Trinity.</b> With a Note by <span class="smcap">Oliver Wendell Holmes</span> and a Frontispiece.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Junior Dean.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Orchard Damerel.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Master of St. Benedict’s.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In the Face of the World.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>To His Own Master.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Tremlett Diamonds.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Wooing of May.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Fortune’s Gate.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Tragic Honeymoon.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Gallantry Bower.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Proctor’s Wooing.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Bonnie Maggie Lauder.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mary Unwin.</b> With 8 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Percy Tarrant</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mrs. Dunbar’s Secret.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Saint John (Bayle).</b>&mdash;<b>A Levantine Family.</b> Cr. 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sala (George A.).</b>&mdash;<b>Gaslight and Daylight.</b> Post 8vo, boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Scotland Yard</b>, Past and Present: Experiences of Thirty-seven Years.
-By Ex-Chief-Inspector <span class="smcap">Cavanagh</span>. Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i>; cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Secret Out, The</b>: One Thousand Tricks with Cards; with Entertaining
-Experiments in Drawing-room or ‘White’ Magic. By <span class="smcap">W. H. Cremer</span>. With 300 Illustrations. Crown
-8vo, cloth extra, 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Seguin (L. G.), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Country of the Passion Play (Oberammergau)</b> and the Highlands of Bavaria. With
-Map and 37 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Walks in Algiers.</b> With Two Maps and 16 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Senior (Wm.).</b>&mdash;<b>By Stream and Sea.</b> Post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sergeant (Adeline), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Under False Pretences.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dr. Endicott’s Experiment.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Seymour (Cyril).</b>&mdash;<b>The Magic of To-Morrow.</b> Cr. 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Shakespeare the Boy.</b> With Sketches of the Home and School Life,
-the Games and Sports, the Manners, Customs, and Folk-lore of the Time. By <span class="smcap">William J. Rolfe</span>,
-Litt. D. A New Edition, with 42 Illustrations, and an <span class="smcap">Index of Plays and Passages referred
-to</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth gilt, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sharp (William).</b>&mdash;<b>Children of To-morrow.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Shelley’s (Percy Bysshe) Complete Works in Verse and Prose.</b>
-Edited, Prefaced, and Annotated by <span class="smcap">R. Herne Shepherd</span>. Five Vols., crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Poetical Works</b>, in Three Vols.:</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Vol. I. Introduction by the Editor; Posthumous Fragments of Margaret Nicholson; Shelley’s Correspondence
-with Stockdale; The Wandering Jew; Queen Mab, with The Notes; Alastor,
-and other Poems; Rosalind and Helen; Prometheus Unbound; Adonais, &amp;c.
-</li>
-<li class="b">Vol. II. Laon and Cythna; The Cenci; Julian and Maddalo; Swellfoot the Tyrant; The Witch of
-Atlas; Epipsychidion; Hellas.
-</li>
-<li class="b">Vol. III. Posthumous Poems; The Masque of Anarchy; and other Pieces.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Prose Works</b>, in Two Vols.:</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Vol. I. The Two Romances of Zastrozzi and St. Irvyne; the Dublin and Marlow Pamphlets; A Reputation
-of Deism; Letters to Leigh Hunt, and some Minor Writings and Fragments.
-</li>
-<li class="b">Vol. II. The Essays; Letters from Abroad; Translations and Fragments, edited by Mrs. <span class="smcap">Shelley</span>.
-With a Biography of Shelley, and an Index of the Prose Works.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sherard (R. H.).</b>&mdash;<b>Rogues</b>: A Novel. Crown 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sheridan’s (Richard Brinsley) Complete Works</b>, with Life and
-Anecdotes. Including Drama, Prose and Poetry, Translations, Speeches, Jokes. Cr. 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Rivals</b>, <b>The School for Scandal</b>, and other Plays. Post 8vo, half-bound, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Sheridan’s Comedies</b>: <b>The Rivals</b> and <b>The School for Scandal</b>. Edited, with an Introduction
-and Notes to each Play, and a Biographical Sketch, by <span class="smcap">Brander Matthews</span>. With
-Illustrations. Demy 8vo, buckram, gilt top, 12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Shiel (M. P.), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Purple Cloud.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Unto the Third Generation.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sidney’s (Sir Philip) Complete Poetical Works.</b> With Portrait.
-Edited by the Rev. <span class="smcap">A. B. Grosart</span>, D.D. Three Vols., crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Signboards</b>: Their History, including Anecdotes of Famous Taverns and
-Remarkable Characters. By <span class="smcap">Jacob Larwood</span> and <span class="smcap">John Camden Hotten</span>. With Coloured Frontispiece
-and 94 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sims (George R.), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Ring o’ Bells.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>My Two Wives.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Tinkletop’s Crime.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Tales of To-day.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Zeph</b>: A Circus Story, &amp;c.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dramas of Life.</b> With 60 Illustrations.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Memoirs of a Landlady.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Scenes from the Show.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Ten Commandments</b>: Stories.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, picture cover, 1<i>s.</i> each; cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Dagonet Reciter and Reader</b>: Readings and Recitations in Prose and Verse.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Case of George Candlemas.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dagonet Ditties.</b> (From <i>The Referee</i>.)</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Young Mrs. Caudle.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>How the Poor Live</b>; and <b>Horrible London</b>. With a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">F. Barnard</span>.
-Crown 8vo, leatherette, 1<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Dagonet Dramas of the Day.</b> Crown 8vo, 1<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Rogues and Vagabonds.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i>; post 8vo,
-illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i>; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i> each; cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Mary Jane’s Memoirs.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mary Jane Married.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dagonet Abroad.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Once upon a Christmas Time.</b> With 8 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Charles Green</span>, R.I.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>In London’s Heart</b>: A Story of To-day.&mdash;Also in picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Blind Marriage.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Without the Limelight</b>: Theatrical Life as it is.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Small-part Lady, &amp;c.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Biographs of Babylon</b>: Life Pictures of London’s Moving Scenes.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Among My Autographs.</b> With 70 Facsimiles.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sinclair (Upton).</b>&mdash;<b>Prince Hagen</b>: A Phantasy. Cr. 8vo, cl., 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sister Dora.</b> By <span class="smcap">M. Lonsdale</span>. 4 Illusts. Demy 8vo, 4<i>d.</i>; cloth, 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sketchley (Arthur).</b>&mdash;<b>A Match in the Dark.</b> Post 8vo, boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Slang Dictionary (The)</b>: Etymological, Historical, and Anecdotal.
-Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Smart (Hawley), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each; post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Beatrice and Benedick.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Long Odds.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Without Love or Licence.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Master of Rathkelly.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Outsider.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Racing Rubber.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>The Plunger.</b> Post 8vo, picture boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Smith (J. Moyr), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Prince of Argolis.</b> With 130 Illustrations. Post 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Wooing of the Water Witch.</b> With numerous Illustrations. Post 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Snazelleparilla.</b> Decanted by <span class="smcap">G. S. Edwards</span>. With Portrait of
-<span class="smcap">G. H. Snazelle</span>, and 65 Illustrations by <span class="smcap">C. Lyall</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Society in London.</b> Crown 8vo, 1<i>s.</i>; cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Somerset (Lord Henry).</b>&mdash;<b>Songs of Adieu.</b> Small 4to, Jap. vel., 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Spenser for Children.</b> By <span class="smcap">M. H. Towry</span>. With Coloured Illustrations
-by <span class="smcap">Walter J. Morgan</span>. Crown 4to, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Speight (T. W.), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Mysteries of Heron Dyke.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>By Devious Ways</b>, &amp;c.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Hoodwinked</b>; &amp; <b>Sandycroft Mystery</b>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Golden Hoop.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Back to Life.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Loudwater Tragedy.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Burgo’s Romance.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Quittance in Full.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Husband from the Sea.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Post 8vo, cloth limp, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Barren Title.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Wife or No Wife?</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Grey Monk.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Minion of the Moon</b>: A Romance of the King’s Highway.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Secret of Wyvern Towers.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Strange Experiences of Mr. Verschoyle.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Master of Trenance.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Doom of Siva.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>As It was Written.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Her Ladyship.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Web of Fate.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Stepping Blindfold.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sprigge (S. Squire).</b>&mdash;<b>An Industrious Chevalier.</b> Crown 8vo,
-cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Spettigue (H. H.).</b>&mdash;<b>The Heritage of Eve.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Stafford (John), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Doris and I.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Carlton Priors.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Stanley (Winifred).</b>&mdash;<b>A Flash of the Will.</b> Cr. 8vo, cl., gilt top, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Starry Heavens (The)</b>: <span class="smcap">Poetical Birthday Book.</span> Roy. 16mo, cl., 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Stag-Hunting with the ‘Devon and Somerset:’</b> Chase of the Wild
-Red Deer on Exmoor. By <span class="smcap">Philip Evered</span>. With 70 Illustrations. Crown 4to, cloth, 16<i>s.</i> net.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Stedman (E. C.).</b>&mdash;<b>Victorian Poets.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 9<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Stephens (Riccardo, M.B.).</b>&mdash;<b>The Cruciform Mark</b>: The Strange
-Story of <span class="smcap">Richard Tregenna</span>, Bachelor of Medicine (Univ. Edinb.) Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Stephens (Robert Neilson).</b>&mdash;<b>Philip Winwood</b>: A Sketch of the
-Domestic History of an American Captain in the War of Independence. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Sterndale (R. Armitage).</b>&mdash;<b>The Afghan Knife</b>: A Novel. Post
-8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Stevenson (R. Louis), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, buckram, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Travels with a Donkey.</b> With a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Walter Crane</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>An Inland Voyage.</b> With a Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">Walter Crane</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Familiar Studies of Men and Books.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Silverado Squatters.</b> With Frontispiece by <span class="smcap">J. D. Strong</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Merry Men.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Underwoods</b>: Poems.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Memories and Portraits.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Virginibus Puerisque</b>, and other Papers.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ballads.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Prince Otto.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Across the Plains</b>, with other Memories and Essays.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Weir of Hermiston.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>In the South Seas.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
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-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Wassermann (Lillias).</b>&mdash;<b>The Daffodils.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Warrant to Execute Charles I.</b> A Facsimile, with the 59 Signatures
-and Seals. Printed on paper 22 in. by 14 in. 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Warrant to Execute Mary Queen of Scots.</b> A Facsimile, including Queen Elizabeth’s Signature
-and the Great Seal. 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Weather, How to Foretell the, with the Pocket Spectroscope.</b>
-By <span class="smcap">F. W. Cory</span>. With Ten Illustrations. Crown 8vo, 1<i>s.</i>; cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Webber (Byron).</b>&mdash;<b>Sport and Spangles.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Werner (A.).</b>&mdash;<b>Chapenga’s White Man.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Westbury (Atha).</b>&mdash;<b>The Shadow of Hilton Fernbrook</b>: A Romance
-of Maoriland. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Westall (William), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Trust Money.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>As a Man Sows.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Old Bank.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>As Luck would have it.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Dr. Wynne’s Revenge.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Sacred Crescents.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Woman Tempted Him.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>For Honour and Life.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Her Two Millions.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Two Pinches of Snuff.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>With the Red Eagle.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Red Bridal.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Nigel Fortescue.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ben Clough.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Birch Dene.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Old Factory.</b> (also at 6<i>d.</i>)</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Sons of Belial.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Strange Crimes.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Her Ladyship’s Secret.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Phantom City.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ralph Norbreck’s Trust.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Queer Race.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Red Ryvington.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Roy of Roy’s Court.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Wheelwright (E. Gray).</b>&mdash;<b>A Slow Awakening.</b> Crown 8vo, 6<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Whishaw (Fred.), Novels by.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>A Forbidden Name.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Many Ways of Love.</b> With 8 Illustrations.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">Crown 8vo, cloth, gilt top, 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Mazeppa.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Near the Tsar, near Death.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Splendid Impostor.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>White (Gilbert).</b>&mdash;<b>Natural History of Selborne.</b> Post 8vo, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Wilde (Lady).</b>&mdash;<b>The Ancient Legends, Mystic Charms, and
-Superstitions of Ireland</b>; with Sketches of the Irish Past. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Williams (W. Mattieu, F.R.A.S.), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Science in Short Chapters.</b> Cr. 8vo, cl. 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Chemistry of Cookery.</b> Cr. 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Simple Treatise on Heat.</b> With Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Williamson (Mrs. F. H.).</b>&mdash;<b>A Child Widow.</b> Post 8vo, bds., 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Wills (C. J.), Novels by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>An Easy-going Fellow.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>His Dead Past.</b> Crown 8vo, cloth, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Wilson (Dr. Andrew, F.R.S.E.), Works by.</b></p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Chapters on Evolution.</b> With 259 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Leisure-Time Studies.</b> With Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 6<i>s.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Studies in Life and Sense.</b> With 36 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Common Accidents: How to Treat Them.</b> With Illustrations. Crown 8vo, 1<i>s.</i>; cloth, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Glimpses of Nature.</b> With 35 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Winter (John Strange), Stories by.</b> Post 8vo, 2<i>s.</i> ea.; cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> ea.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Cavalry Life.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Regimental Legends.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Cavalry Life and Regimental Legends.</b> Cr. 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; picture cloth, flat back, 2<i>s.</i></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Wissmann (Hermann von).</b>&mdash;<b>My Second Journey through
-Equatorial Africa.</b> With 92 Illustrations. Demy 8vo, cloth, 16<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Wood (H. F.), Detective Stories by.</b> Post 8vo, boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Passenger from Scotland Yard.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Englishman of the Rue Cain.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Woolley (Celia Parker).</b>&mdash;<b>Rachel Armstrong.</b> Post 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Wright (Thomas, F.S.A.), Works by.</b></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>Caricature History of the Georges</b>: or, Annals of the House of Hanover. Compiled from
-Squibs, Broadsides, Window Pictures, Lampoons, and Pictorial Caricatures of the Time. With
-over 300 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><b>History of Caricature and of the Grotesque in Art, Literature, Sculpture, and
-Painting.</b> Illustrated by <span class="smcap">F. W. Fairholt</span>, F.S.A. Crown 8vo, cloth, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Wynman (Margaret).</b>&mdash;<b>My Flirtations.</b> With 13 Illustrations by
-<span class="smcap">J. Bernard Partridge</span>. Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Zangwill (Louis).</b>&mdash;<b>A Nineteenth Century Miracle.</b> Cr. 8vo, 2<i>s.</i></p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>Zola’s (Emile) Novels.</b> <span class="smcap">Uniform Edition.</span> Translated or Edited, with
-Introductions, by <span class="smcap">Ernest A. Vizetelly</span>. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>His Masterpiece.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Joy of Life.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Germinal: Master and Man.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Honour of the Army.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Abbe Mouret’s Transgression.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Fortune of the Rougons.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Conquest of Plassans.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Dram-Shop.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Fat and the Thin.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Money.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>His Excellency.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Dream.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Downfall.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Doctor Pascal.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Lourdes.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Rome.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Paris.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Fruitfulness.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Work.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Truth.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Popular Editions</span>, medium 8vo, 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Dram-Shop.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Downfall.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Rome.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>With Zola in England.</b> By <span class="smcap">Ernest A. Vizetelly</span>. With Four Portraits. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
-
-<hr class="full" />
-
-<p class="center">SOME BOOKS CLASSIFIED IN SERIES.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The St. Martin’s Library.</b> Pott 8vo, cloth, 2<i>s.</i> net each; leather, 3<i>s.</i> net each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>London.</b> By Sir <span class="smcap">Walter Besant</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Woman in White.</b> By <span class="smcap">Wilkie Collins</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>All Sorts and Conditions of Men.</b> By Sir <span class="smcap">Walter Besant</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Cloister and the Hearth.</b> By <span class="smcap">Chas. Reade</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>‘It is Never Too Late to Mend.’</b> By <span class="smcap">Ch. Reade</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Familiar Studies of Men and Books.</b> By <span class="smcap">Robert Louis Stevenson</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Virginibus Puerisque</b>, and other Papers. By <span class="smcap">R. Louis Stevenson</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Pocket R.L.S.</b>: Favourite Passages from <span class="smcap">Stevenson’s</span> Works.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>New Arabian Nights.</b> By <span class="smcap">Robert Louis Stevenson</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Deemster.</b> By <span class="smcap">Hall Caine</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Under the Greenwood Tree.</b> By <span class="smcap">Thomas Hardy</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Life of the Fields.</b> By <span class="smcap">Richard Jefferies</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Walton and Cotton’s Complete Angler.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Mark Twain’s Sketches.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Condensed Novels.</b> (The Two Series in One Volume.) By <span class="smcap">Bret Harte</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Mayfair Library.</b> Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> per Volume.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Quips and Quiddities.</b> By <span class="smcap">W. D. Adams</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Agony Column of ‘The Times.’</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>A Journey Round My Room.</b> By <span class="smcap">X. de Maistre</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Poetical Ingenuities.</b> By <span class="smcap">W. T. Dobson</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Cupboard Papers.</b> By <span class="smcap">Fin-Bec</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Songs of Irish Wit and Humour.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Animals and their Masters.</b> By Sir <span class="smcap">A. Helps</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Social Pressure.</b> By Sir <span class="smcap">A. Helps</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Autocrat of the Breakfast Table.</b> By <span class="smcap">O. W. Holmes</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Curiosities of Criticism.</b> By <span class="smcap">H. J. Jennings</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Pencil and Palette.</b> By <span class="smcap">R. Kempt</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Little Essays</b>: from <span class="smcap">Lamb’s Letters</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Forensic Anecdotes.</b> By <span class="smcap">Jacob Larwood</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Theatrical Anecdotes.</b> By <span class="smcap">Jacob Larwood</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Ourselves.</b> By <span class="smcap">E. Lynn Linton</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Witch Stories.</b> By <span class="smcap">E. Lynn Linton</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Pastimes and Players.</b> By <span class="smcap">R. Macgregor</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>New Paul and Virginia.</b> By <span class="smcap">W. H. Mallock</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Puck on Pegasus.</b> By <span class="smcap">H. C. Pennell</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Pegasus Re-saddled.</b> By <span class="smcap">H. C. Pennell</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Muses of Mayfair.</b> By <span class="smcap">H. C. Pennell</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>By Stream and Sea.</b> By <span class="smcap">William Senior</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Golden Library.</b> Post 8vo, cloth limp, 2<i>s.</i> per Volume.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Songs for Sailors.</b> By <span class="smcap">W. C. Bennett</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Lives of the Necromancers.</b> By <span class="smcap">W. Godwin</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table.</b> By <span class="smcap">Oliver Wendell Holmes</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Scenes of Country Life.</b> By <span class="smcap">Edward Jesse</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>La Mort d’Arthur</b>: Selections from <span class="smcap">Mallory</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Diversions of the Echo Club.</b> <span class="smcap">Bayard Taylor</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>My Library.</b> Printed on laid paper, post 8vo, half-Roxburghe, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>The Journal of Maurice de Guerin.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Dramatic Essays of Charles Lamb.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Citation of William Shakspeare.</b> By <span class="smcap">W. S. Landor.</span></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Christie Johnstone.</b> By <span class="smcap">Charles Reade</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Peg Woffington.</b> By <span class="smcap">Charles Reade</span>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="hang"><b>The Pocket Library.</b> Post 8vo, printed on laid paper and hf.-bd., 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b"><b>Gastronomy.</b> By <span class="smcap">Brillat-Savarin</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Robinson Crusoe.</b> Illustrated by <span class="smcap">G. Cruikshank</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Autocrat</b> and <b>Professor</b>. By <span class="smcap">O. W. Holmes</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Provincial Letters of Blaise Pascal.</b></li>
-<li class="b"><b>Whims and Oddities.</b> By <span class="smcap">Thomas Hood</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Leigh Hunt’s Essays.</b> Edited by <span class="smcap">E. Ollier</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Barber’s Chair.</b> By <span class="smcap">Douglas Jerrold</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Essays of Elia.</b> By <span class="smcap">Charles Lamb</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Anecdotes of the Clergy.</b> By <span class="smcap">Jacob Larwood</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>The Epicurean</b>, &amp;c. By <span class="smcap">Thomas Moore</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Plays</b> by <span class="smcap">Richard Brinsley Sheridan</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Gulliver’s Travels</b>, &amp;c. By Dean <span class="smcap">Swift</span>.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>Thomson’s Seasons.</b> Illustrated.</li>
-<li class="b"><b>White’s Natural History of Selborne.</b></li>
-</ul>
-
-<hr class="full" />
-
-<p class="center"><big>POPULAR SIXPENNY NOVELS</big>.</p>
-
-<p>By GRANT ALLEN.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Tents of Shem.</p>
-
-<p>By WALTER BESANT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Children of Gibeon.</li>
-<li class="b">The Orange Girl.</li>
-<li class="b">All Sorts and Conditions of Men.</li>
-<li class="b">For Faith and Freedom.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By BESANT and RICE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Golden Butterfly.</li>
-<li class="b">Ready-Money Mortiboy.</li>
-<li class="b">The Chaplain of the Fleet.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ROBERT BUCHANAN.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Shadow of the Sword.</p>
-
-<p>By HALL CAINE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Son of Hagar.</li>
-<li class="b">The Deemster.</li>
-<li class="b">The Shadow of a Crime.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By WILKIE COLLINS.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Armadale.</li>
-<li class="b">Man and Wife.</li>
-<li class="b">Antonina.</li>
-<li class="b">The Moonstone.</li>
-<li class="b">The Woman in White.</li>
-<li class="b">The Dead Secret.</li>
-<li class="b">The New Magdalen.</li>
-<li class="b">No Name.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By B. M. CROKER.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Diana Barrington.</li>
-<li class="b">Pretty Miss Neville.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By D. CHRISTIE MURRAY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Joseph’s Coat.</p>
-
-<p>By OUIDA.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Puck.</li>
-<li class="b">Moths.</li>
-<li class="b">Strathmore.</li>
-<li class="b">Tricotrin.</li>
-<li class="b">Held in Bondage.</li>
-<li class="b">Under Two Flags.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By JAMES PAYN.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Walter’s Ward.</p>
-
-<p>By CHARLES READE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Griffith Gaunt.</li>
-<li class="b">Put Yourself in His Place.</li>
-<li class="b">Peg Woffington: and Christie Johnstone.</li>
-<li class="b">The Cloister and the Hearth.</li>
-<li class="b">Foul Play.</li>
-<li class="b">It is Never Too Late to Mend.</li>
-<li class="b">Hard Cash.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By W. CLARK RUSSELL.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Convict Ship.</p>
-
-<p>By ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">New Arabian Nights.</p>
-
-<p>By WILLIAM WESTALL.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Old Factory.</p>
-
-<p>By EMILE ZOLA.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Downfall.</li>
-<li class="b">The Dram-Shop.</li>
-<li class="b">Rome.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-<p class="center"><big>THE PICCADILLY NOVELS.</big></p>
-
-<p class="hang1"><span class="smcap">Library Editions of Novels</span>, many Illustrated, crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p>
-
-<p>By Mrs. ALEXANDER.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Valerie’s Fate.</li>
-<li class="b">A Life Interest.</li>
-<li class="b">Mona’s Choice.</li>
-<li class="b">By Woman’s Wit.</li>
-<li class="b">The Cost of Her Pride.</li>
-<li class="b">Barbara.</li>
-<li class="b">A Fight with Fate.</li>
-<li class="b">A Golden Autumn.</li>
-<li class="b">Mrs. Crichton’s Creditor.</li>
-<li class="b">The Step-mother.</li>
-<li class="b">A Missing Hero.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By M. ANDERSON.&mdash;Othello’s Occupation.</p>
-
-<p>By G. W. APPLETON.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Rash Conclusions.</p>
-
-<p>By F. M. ALLEN.&mdash;Green as Grass.</p>
-
-<p>By GRANT ALLEN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Philistia.</li>
-<li class="b">Babylon.</li>
-<li class="b">Strange Stories.</li>
-<li class="b">For Maimie’s Sake.</li>
-<li class="b">In all Shades.</li>
-<li class="b">The Beckoning Hand.</li>
-<li class="b">The Devil’s Die.</li>
-<li class="b">This Mortal Coil.</li>
-<li class="b">The Tents of Shem.</li>
-<li class="b">The Great Taboo.</li>
-<li class="b">Dumaresq’s Daughter.</li>
-<li class="b">Duchess of Powysland.</li>
-<li class="b">Blood Royal.</li>
-<li class="b">I. Greet’s Masterpieces.</li>
-<li class="b">The Scallywag.</li>
-<li class="b">At Market Value.</li>
-<li class="b">Under Sealed Orders.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ARTEMUS WARD.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Artemus Ward Complete.</p>
-
-<p>By EDWIN L. ARNOLD.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Phra the Phœnician.</li>
-<li class="b">Constable of St. Nicholas.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ROBERT BARR.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-
-<li class="b">In a Steamer Chair.</li>
-<li class="b">From Whose Bourne.</li>
-<li class="b">A Woman Intervenes.</li>
-<li class="b">Revenge!</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By FRANK BARRETT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Prodigal’s Progress.</li>
-<li class="b">Woman of Iron Bracelets.</li>
-<li class="b">Fettered for Life.</li>
-<li class="b">The Harding Scandal.</li>
-<li class="b">Under a Strange Mask.</li>
-<li class="b">A Missing Witness.</li>
-<li class="b">Was She Justified?</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ‘BELLE.’&mdash;Vashti and Esther.</p>
-
-<p>By ARNOLD BENNETT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Gates of Wrath.</li>
-<li class="b">The Grand Babylon Hotel.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Sir W. BESANT and J. RICE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Ready-Money Mortiboy.</li>
-<li class="b">My Little Girl.</li>
-<li class="b">With Harp and Crown.</li>
-<li class="b">This Son of Vulcan.</li>
-<li class="b">The Golden Butterfly.</li>
-<li class="b">The Monks of Thelema.</li>
-<li class="b">By Celia’s Arbour.</li>
-<li class="b">Chaplain of the Fleet.</li>
-<li class="b">The Seamy Side.</li>
-<li class="b">The Case of Mr. Lucraft.</li>
-<li class="b">In Trafalgar’s Bay.</li>
-<li class="b">The Ten Years’ Tenant.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Sir WALTER BESANT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">All Sorts &amp; Conditions.</li>
-<li class="b">The Captains’ Room.</li>
-<li class="b">All in a Garden Fair.</li>
-<li class="b">Dorothy Forster.</li>
-<li class="b">Uncle Jack.</li>
-<li class="b">Holy Rose.</li>
-<li class="b">World Went Well Then.</li>
-<li class="b">Children of Gibeon.</li>
-<li class="b">Herr Paulus.</li>
-<li class="b">For Faith and Freedom.</li>
-<li class="b">To Call Her Mine.</li>
-<li class="b">The Revolt of Man.</li>
-<li class="b">The Bell of St. Paul’s.</li>
-<li class="b">Armorel of Lyonesse.</li>
-<li class="b">S. Katherine’s by Tower.</li>
-<li class="b">Verbena Camellia, &amp;c.</li>
-<li class="b">The Ivory Gate.</li>
-<li class="b">The Rebel Queen.</li>
-<li class="b">Dreams of Avarice.</li>
-<li class="b">In Deacon’s Orders.</li>
-<li class="b">The Master Craftsman.</li>
-<li class="b">The City of Refuge.</li>
-<li class="b">A Fountain Sealed.</li>
-<li class="b">The Changeling.</li>
-<li class="b">The Fourth Generation.</li>
-<li class="b">The Charm.</li>
-<li class="b">The Orange Girl.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By AMBROSE BIERCE.&mdash;In Midst of Life.</p>
-
-<p>By HAROLD BINDLOSS.&mdash;Ainslie’s Ju-Ju.</p>
-
-<p>By M. McD. BODKIN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Dora Myrl.</li>
-<li class="b">Shillelagh and Shamrock.</li>
-<li class="b">Patsey the Omadaun.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By PAUL BOURGET.&mdash;A Living Lie.</p>
-
-<p>By J. D. BRAYSHAW.&mdash;Slum Silhouettes.</p>
-
-<p>By H. A. BRYDEN.&mdash;An Exiled Scot.</p>
-
-<p>By ROBERT BUCHANAN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Shadow of the Sword.</li>
-<li class="b">A Child of Nature.</li>
-<li class="b">God and the Man.</li>
-<li class="b">Martyrdom of Madeline.</li>
-<li class="b">Love Me for Ever.</li>
-<li class="b">Annan Water.</li>
-<li class="b">Foxglove Manor.</li>
-<li class="b">The Charlatan.</li>
-<li class="b">The New Abelard.</li>
-<li class="b">Matt.</li>
-<li class="b">Rachel Dene.</li>
-<li class="b">Master of the Mine.</li>
-<li class="b">The Heir of Linne.</li>
-<li class="b">Woman and the Man.</li>
-<li class="b">Red and White Heather.</li>
-<li class="b">Lady Kilpatrick.</li>
-<li class="b">Andromeda.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By GELETT BURGESS and WILL IRWIN.&mdash;The Picaroons.</p>
-
-<p>By R. W. CHAMBERS.&mdash;The King in Yellow.</p>
-
-<p>By J. M. CHAPPLE.&mdash;The Minor Chord.</p>
-
-<p>By HALL CAINE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Shadow of a Crime.</li>
-<li class="b">Deemster.</li>
-<li class="b">Son of Hagar.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By AUSTIN CLARE.&mdash;By Rise of River.</p>
-
-<p>By Mrs. ARCHER CLIVE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Paul Ferroll.</li>
-<li class="b">Why Paul Ferroll Killed his Wife.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ANNE COATES.&mdash;Rie’s Diary.</p>
-
-<p>By MACLAREN COBBAN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Red Sultan.</li>
-<li class="b">The Burden of Isabel.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By WILKIE COLLINS.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Armadale.</li>
-<li class="b">No Name.</li>
-<li class="b">After Dark.</li>
-<li class="b">Antonina.</li>
-<li class="b">Basil.</li>
-<li class="b">Hide and Seek.</li>
-<li class="b">The Dead Secret.</li>
-<li class="b">Queen of Hearts.</li>
-<li class="b">My Miscellanies.</li>
-<li class="b">The Woman in White.</li>
-<li class="b">The Law and the Lady.</li>
-<li class="b">The Haunted Hotel.</li>
-<li class="b">The Moonstone.</li>
-<li class="b">Man and Wife.</li>
-<li class="b">Poor Miss Finch.</li>
-<li class="b">Miss or Mrs.?</li>
-<li class="b">The New Magdalen.</li>
-<li class="b">The Frozen Deep.</li>
-<li class="b">The Two Destinies.</li>
-<li class="b">‘I Say No.’</li>
-<li class="b">Little Novels.</li>
-<li class="b">The Fallen Leaves.</li>
-<li class="b">Jezebel’s Daughter.</li>
-<li class="b">The Black Robe.</li>
-<li class="b">Heart and Science.</li>
-<li class="b">The Evil Genius.</li>
-<li class="b">The Legacy of Cain.</li>
-<li class="b">A Rogue’s Life.</li>
-<li class="b">Blind Love.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By MORT. &amp; FRANCES COLLINS.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Blacksmith &amp; Scholar.</li>
-<li class="b">The Village Comedy.</li>
-<li class="b">You Play me False.</li>
-<li class="b">Midnight to Midnight.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By M. J. COLQUHOUN.&mdash;Every Inch Soldier.</p>
-
-<p>By HERBERT COMPTON.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Inimitable Mrs. Massingham.</p>
-
-<p>By E. H. COOPER.&mdash;Geoffory Hamilton.</p>
-
-<p>By V. C. COTES.&mdash;Two Girls on a Barge.</p>
-
-<p>By C. E. CRADDOCK.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Prophet of the Great Smoky Mountains.</li>
-<li class="b">His Vanished Star.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By H. N. CRELLIN.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Romances of the Old Seraglio.</p>
-
-<p>By MATT CRIM.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Adventures of a Fair Rebel.</p>
-
-<p>By S. R. CROCKETT and others.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Tales of Our Coast.</p>
-
-<p>By B. M. CROKER.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Diana Barrington.</li>
-<li class="b">Proper Pride.</li>
-<li class="b">A Family Likeness.</li>
-<li class="b">Pretty Miss Neville.</li>
-<li class="b">A Bird of Passage.</li>
-<li class="b">Mr. Jervis.</li>
-<li class="b">Village Tales.</li>
-<li class="b">Some One Else.</li>
-<li class="b">Jason.</li>
-<li class="b">Infatuation.</li>
-<li class="b">The Real Lady Hilda.</li>
-<li class="b">Married or Single?</li>
-<li class="b">Two Masters.</li>
-<li class="b">In the Kingdom of Kerry.</li>
-<li class="b">Interference.</li>
-<li class="b">A Third Person.</li>
-<li class="b">Beyond the Pale.</li>
-<li class="b">Miss Balmaine’s Past.</li>
-<li class="b">Terence.</li>
-<li class="b">The Cat’s-paw.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ALPHONSE DAUDET.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Evangelist; or, Port Salvation.</p>
-
-<p>By H. C. DAVIDSON.&mdash;Mr. Sadler’s Daughters.</p>
-
-<p>By JAS. DE MILLE.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">A Strange Manuscript Found in a Copper Cylinder.</p>
-
-<p>By HARRY DE WINDT.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">True Tales of Travel and Adventure.</p>
-
-<p>By DICK DONOVAN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Man from Manchester.</li>
-<li class="b">Records of Vincent Trill.</li>
-<li class="b">The Mystery of Jamaica Terrace.</li>
-<li class="b">Tales of Terror.</li>
-<li class="b">Chronicles of Michael Danevitch.</li>
-<li class="b">Tyler Tatlock, Private Detective.</li>
-<li class="b">Deacon Brodie.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By RICHARD DOWLING.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Old Corcoran’s Money.</p>
-
-<p>By A. CONAN DOYLE.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Firm of Girdlestone.</p>
-
-<p>By S. JEANNETTE DUNCAN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Daughter of To-day.</li>
-<li class="b">Vernon’s Aunt.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ANNIE EDWARDES.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Archie Lovell.</li>
-<li class="b">A Plaster Saint.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By G. S. EDWARDS.&mdash;Snazelleparilla.</p>
-
-<p>By G. MANVILLE FENN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Cursed by a Fortune.</li>
-<li class="b">The Case of Ailsa Gray.</li>
-<li class="b">Commodore Junk.</li>
-<li class="b">The New Mistress.</li>
-<li class="b">Witness to the Deed.</li>
-<li class="b">The Tiger Lily.</li>
-<li class="b">The White Virgin.</li>
-<li class="b">Black Blood.</li>
-<li class="b">Double Cunning.</li>
-<li class="b">A Fluttered Dovecote.</li>
-<li class="b">King of the Castle.</li>
-<li class="b">Master of Ceremonies.</li>
-<li class="b">Tho Man with a Shadow.</li>
-<li class="b">One Maid’s Mischief.</li>
-<li class="b">Story of Antony Grace.</li>
-<li class="b">This Man’s Wife.</li>
-<li class="b">In Jeopardy.</li>
-<li class="b">A Woman Worth Winning.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By PERCY FITZGERALD.&mdash;Fatal Zero.</p>
-
-<p>By Hon. Mrs. W. FORBES.&mdash;Dumb.</p>
-
-<p>By R. E. FRANCILLON.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">One by One.</li>
-<li class="b">A Dog and his Shadow.</li>
-<li class="b">A Real Queen.</li>
-<li class="b">Ropes of Sand.</li>
-<li class="b">Jack Doyle’s Daughter.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By HAROLD FREDERIC.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Seth’s Brother’s Wife.</li>
-<li class="b">The Lawton Girl.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By PAUL GAULOT.&mdash;The Red Shirts.</p>
-
-<p>By CHARLES GIBBON.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Robin Gray.</li>
-<li class="b">Of High Degree.</li>
-<li class="b">The Golden Shaft.</li>
-<li class="b">The Braes of Yarrow.</li>
-<li class="b">Queen of the Meadow.</li>
-<li class="b">The Flower of the Forest.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By E. GLANVILLE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Lost Heiress.</li>
-<li class="b">Fair Colonist.</li>
-<li class="b">Fossicker.</li>
-<li class="b">The Golden Rock.</li>
-<li class="b">Tales from the Veld.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By E. J. GOODMAN.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Fate of Herbert Wayne.</p>
-
-<p>By Rev. S. BARING GOULD.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Red Spider.</li>
-<li class="b">Eve.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ALFRED A. GRACE.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Tales of a Dying Race.</p>
-
-<p>By CECIL GRIFFITH.&mdash;Corinthia Marazion.</p>
-
-<p>By A. CLAVERING GUNTER.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">A Florida Enchantment.</p>
-
-<p>By BRET HARTE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Waif of the Plains.</li>
-<li class="b">A Ward of the Golden Gate.</li>
-<li class="b">A Sappho of Green Springs.</li>
-<li class="b">Col. Starbottle’s Client.</li>
-<li class="b">Susy.</li>
-<li class="b">Sally Dows.</li>
-<li class="b">Bell-Ringer of Angel’s.</li>
-<li class="b">Tales of Trail and Town.</li>
-<li class="b">A Protegee of Jack Hamlin’s.</li>
-<li class="b">Clarence.</li>
-<li class="b">Barker’s Luck.</li>
-<li class="b">Devil’s Ford.</li>
-<li class="b">The Crusade of the Excelsior.</li>
-<li class="b">Three Partners.</li>
-<li class="b">Gabriel Conroy.</li>
-<li class="b">New Condensed Novels.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By OWEN HALL.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Track of a Storm.</li>
-<li class="b">Jetsam.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By COSMO HAMILTON.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Glamour of Impossible.</li>
-<li class="b">Through a Keyhole.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By THOMAS HARDY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Under the Greenwood Tree.</p>
-
-<p>By JULIAN HAWTHORNE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Garth.</li>
-<li class="b">Dust.</li>
-<li class="b">Ellice Quentin.</li>
-<li class="b">Sebastian Strome.</li>
-<li class="b">Fortune’s Fool.</li>
-<li class="b">Beatrix Randolph.</li>
-<li class="b">David Poindexter’s Disappearance.</li>
-<li class="b">Spectre of Camera.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Sir A. HELPS.&mdash;Ivan de Biron.</p>
-
-<p>By I. HENDERSON.&mdash;Agatha Page.</p>
-
-<p>By G. A. HENTY.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Dorothy’s Double.</li>
-<li class="b">Rujub, the Juggler.</li>
-<li class="b">The Queen’s Cup.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By HEADON HILL.&mdash;Zambra the Detective.</p>
-
-<p>By JOHN HILL.&mdash;The Common Ancestor.</p>
-
-<p>By TIGHE HOPKINS.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Twixt Love and Duty.</li>
-<li class="b">The Incomplete Adventurer.</li>
-<li class="b">Nugents of Carriconna.</li>
-<li class="b">Nell Haffenden.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By VICTOR HUGO.&mdash;The Outlaw of Iceland.</p>
-
-<p>By FERGUS HUME.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Lady from Nowhere.</li>
-<li class="b">The Millionaire Mystery.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Mrs. HUNGERFORD.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Marvel.</li>
-<li class="b">Unsatisfactory Lover.</li>
-<li class="b">In Durance Vile.</li>
-<li class="b">A Modern Circe.</li>
-<li class="b">Lady Patty.</li>
-<li class="b">A Mental Struggle.</li>
-<li class="b">Lady Verner’s Flight.</li>
-<li class="b">The Red-House Mystery.</li>
-<li class="b">The Three Graces.</li>
-<li class="b">Professor’s Experiment.</li>
-<li class="b">A Point of Conscience.</li>
-<li class="b">A Maiden all Forlorn.</li>
-<li class="b">The Coming of Chloe.</li>
-<li class="b">Nora Creina.</li>
-<li class="b">An Anxious Moment.</li>
-<li class="b">April’s Lady.</li>
-<li class="b">Peter’s Wife.</li>
-<li class="b">Lovice.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Mrs. ALFRED HUNT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Leaden Casket.</li>
-<li class="b">That Other Person.</li>
-<li class="b">Self-Condemned.</li>
-<li class="b">Mrs. Juliet.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By R. ASHE KING.&mdash;A Drawn Game.</p>
-
-<p>By GEORGE LAMBERT.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The President of Boravia.</p>
-
-<p>By EDMOND LEPELLETIER.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Madame Sans-Gene.</p>
-
-<p>By ADAM LILBURN. A Tragedy in Marble.</p>
-
-<p>By HARRY LINDSAY.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Rhoda Roberts.</li>
-<li class="b">The Jacobite.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By HENRY W. LUCY.&mdash;Gideon Fleyce.</p>
-
-<p>By E. LYNN LINTON.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Patricia Kemball.</li>
-<li class="b">Under which Lord?</li>
-<li class="b">‘My Love!’</li>
-<li class="b">Ione.</li>
-<li class="b">Paxton Carew.</li>
-<li class="b">Sowing the Wind.</li>
-<li class="b">With a Silken Thread.</li>
-<li class="b">The World Well Lost.</li>
-<li class="b">The Atonement of Leam Dundas.</li>
-<li class="b">The One Too Many.</li>
-<li class="b">Dulcie Everton.</li>
-<li class="b">Rebel of the Family.</li>
-<li class="b">An Octave of Friends.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By JUSTIN McCARTHY.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Fair Saxon.</li>
-<li class="b">Linley Rochford.</li>
-<li class="b">Dear Lady Disdain.</li>
-<li class="b">Camiola.</li>
-<li class="b">Mononia.</li>
-<li class="b">Waterdale Neighbours.</li>
-<li class="b">My Enemy’s Daughter.</li>
-<li class="b">Miss Misanthrope.</li>
-<li class="b">Donna Quixote.</li>
-<li class="b">Maid of Athens.</li>
-<li class="b">The Comet of a Season.</li>
-<li class="b">The Dictator.</li>
-<li class="b">Red Diamonds.</li>
-<li class="b">The Riddle Ring.</li>
-<li class="b">The Three Disgraces.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By JUSTIN H. McCARTHY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">A London Legend.</p>
-
-<p>By GEORGE MACDONALD.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Heather and Snow.</li>
-<li class="b">Phantastes.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By W. H. MALLOCK.&mdash;The New Republic.</p>
-
-<p>By P. &amp; V. MARGUERITTE.&mdash;The Disaster.</p>
-
-<p>By L. T. MEADE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Soldier of Fortune.</li>
-<li class="b">In an Iron Grip.</li>
-<li class="b">Dr. Rumsey’s Patient.</li>
-<li class="b">The Voice of the Charmer.</li>
-<li class="b">An Adventuress.</li>
-<li class="b">On Brink of a Chasm.</li>
-<li class="b">The Siren.</li>
-<li class="b">The Way of a Woman.</li>
-<li class="b">A Son of Ishmael.</li>
-<li class="b">The Blue Diamond.</li>
-<li class="b">A Stumble by the Way.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By LEONARD MERRICK.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">This Stage of Fools.</li>
-<li class="b">Cynthia.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By EDMUND MITCHELL.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Lone Star Rush.</p>
-
-<p>By BERTRAM MITFORD.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Gun-Runner.</li>
-<li class="b">Luck of Gerard Ridgeley.</li>
-<li class="b">The King’s Assegai.</li>
-<li class="b">Rensh. Fanning’s Quest.</li>
-<li class="b">The Triumph of Hilary Blachland.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Mrs. MOLESWORTH.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Hathercourt Rectory.</p>
-
-<p>By J. E. MUDDOCK.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Maid Marian and Robin Hood.</li>
-<li class="b">Basile the Jester.</li>
-<li class="b">Golden Idol.</li>
-<li class="b">Young Lochinvar.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By D. CHRISTIE MURRAY.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Life’s Atonement.</li>
-<li class="b">Joseph’s Coat.</li>
-<li class="b">Coals of Fire.</li>
-<li class="b">Old Blazer’s Hero.</li>
-<li class="b">Val Strange.</li>
-<li class="b">Hearts.</li>
-<li class="b">A Model Father.</li>
-<li class="b">By the Gate of the Sea.</li>
-<li class="b">A Bit of Human Nature.</li>
-<li class="b">First Person Singular.</li>
-<li class="b">Cynic Fortune.</li>
-<li class="b">The Way of the World.</li>
-<li class="b">Bob Martin’s Little Girl.</li>
-<li class="b">Time’s Revenges.</li>
-<li class="b">A Wasted Crime.</li>
-<li class="b">In Direst Peril.</li>
-<li class="b">Mount Despair.</li>
-<li class="b">A Capful o’ Nails.</li>
-<li class="b">Tales in Prose &amp; Verse.</li>
-<li class="b">A Race for Millions.</li>
-<li class="b">This Little World.</li>
-<li class="b">His Own Ghost.</li>
-<li class="b">Church of Humanity.</li>
-<li class="b">V.C.: Castle Barfield and the Crimea.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By MURRAY and HERMAN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Bishops’ Bible.</li>
-<li class="b">One Traveller Returns.</li>
-<li class="b">Paul Jones’s Alias.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By HUME NISBET.&mdash;‘Bail up!’</p>
-
-<p>By W. E. NORRIS.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Saint Ann’s.</li>
-<li class="b">Billy Bellew.</li>
-<li class="b">Miss Wentworth’s Idea.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By G. OHNET.&mdash;A Weird Gift.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Love’s Depths.</li>
-<li class="b">The Woman of Mystery.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Mrs. OLIPHANT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Whiteladies.</li>
-<li class="b">The Sorceress.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By OUIDA.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Held in Bondage.</li>
-<li class="b">Strathmore.</li>
-<li class="b">Chandos.</li>
-<li class="b">Under Two Flags.</li>
-<li class="b">Idalia.</li>
-<li class="b">Cecil Castlemaine’s Gage.</li>
-<li class="b">Tricotrin.</li>
-<li class="b">Puck.</li>
-<li class="b">Folle Farine.</li>
-<li class="b">A Dog of Flanders.</li>
-<li class="b">Pascarel.</li>
-<li class="b">Signa.</li>
-<li class="b">Princess Napraxine.</li>
-<li class="b">Two Wooden Shoes.</li>
-<li class="b">In a Winter City.</li>
-<li class="b">Friendship.</li>
-<li class="b">Moths.</li>
-<li class="b">Ruffino.</li>
-<li class="b">Pipistrello.</li>
-<li class="b">Ariadne.</li>
-<li class="b">A Village Commune.</li>
-<li class="b">Bimbi.</li>
-<li class="b">Wanda.</li>
-<li class="b">Frescoes.</li>
-<li class="b">Othmar.</li>
-<li class="b">In Maremma.</li>
-<li class="b">Syrlin.</li>
-<li class="b">Guilderoy.</li>
-<li class="b">Santa Barbara.</li>
-<li class="b">Two Offenders.</li>
-<li class="b">The Waters of Edera.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By G. SIDNEY PATERNOSTER.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Motor Pirate.</p>
-
-<p>By MARGARET A. PAUL.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Gentle and Simple.</p>
-
-<p>By JAMES PAYN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Lost Sir Massingberd.</li>
-<li class="b">The Family Scapegrace.</li>
-<li class="b">A County Family.</li>
-<li class="b">Less Black than We’re Painted.</li>
-<li class="b">A Confidential Agent.</li>
-<li class="b">A Grape from a Thorn.</li>
-<li class="b">In Peril and Privation.</li>
-<li class="b">Mystery of Mirbridge.</li>
-<li class="b">High Spirits.</li>
-<li class="b">By Proxy.</li>
-<li class="b">The Talk of the Town.</li>
-<li class="b">Holiday Tasks.</li>
-<li class="b">For Cash Only.</li>
-<li class="b">The Burnt Million.</li>
-<li class="b">The Word and the Will.</li>
-<li class="b">Sunny Stories.</li>
-<li class="b">A Trying Patient.</li>
-<li class="b">A Modern Dick Whittington.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By WILL PAYNE.&mdash;Jerry the Dreamer.</p>
-
-<p>By Mrs. CAMPBELL PRAED.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Outlaw and Lawmaker.</li>
-<li class="b">Christina Chard.</li>
-<li class="b">Mrs. Tregaskiss.</li>
-<li class="b">Nulma.</li>
-<li class="b">Madame Izan.</li>
-<li class="b">‘As a Watch in the Night.’</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By E. C. PRICE.&mdash;Valentina.</p>
-
-<p>By RICHARD PRYCE.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Miss Maxwell’s Affections.</p>
-
-<p>By Mrs. J. H. RIDDELL.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Weird Stories.</li>
-<li class="b">A Rich Man’s Daughter.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By CHARLES READE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Peg Woffington; and Christie Johnstone.</li>
-<li class="b">Hard Cash.</li>
-<li class="b">Cloister &amp; the Hearth.</li>
-<li class="b">Never Too Late to Mend.</li>
-<li class="b">The Course of True Love; and Singleheart &amp; Doubleface.</li>
-<li class="b">Autobiography of a Thief; Jack of all Trades; A Hero and a Martyr; and The Wandering Heir.</li>
-<li class="b">Griffith Gaunt.</li>
-<li class="b">Love Little, Love Long.</li>
-<li class="b">The Double Marriage.</li>
-<li class="b">Foul Play.</li>
-<li class="b">Put Y’rself in His Place.</li>
-<li class="b">A Terrible Temptation.</li>
-<li class="b">A Simpleton.</li>
-<li class="b">A Woman-Hater.</li>
-<li class="b">The Jilt, &amp; other Stories; &amp; Good Stories of Man.</li>
-<li class="b">A Perilous Secret.</li>
-<li class="b">Readiana; and Bible Characters.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By FRANK RICHARDSON.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Man who Lost His Past.</li>
-<li class="b">The Bayswater Mystery.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By AMELIE RIVES.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Barbara Bering.</li>
-<li class="b">Meriel.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By F. W. ROBINSON.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Hands of Justice.</li>
-<li class="b">Woman in the Dark.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ALBERT ROSS.&mdash;A Sugar Princess.</p>
-
-<p>By J. RUNCIMAN.&mdash;Skippers and Shellbacks.</p>
-
-<p>By W. CLARK RUSSELL.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Round the Galley-Fire.</li>
-<li class="b">In the Middle Watch.</li>
-<li class="b">On the Fo’k’sle Head.</li>
-<li class="b">A Voyage to the Cape.</li>
-<li class="b">Book for the Hammock.</li>
-<li class="b">Mystery of ‘Ocean Star.’</li>
-<li class="b">Jenny Harlowe.</li>
-<li class="b">An Ocean Tragedy.</li>
-<li class="b">A Tale of Two Tunnels.</li>
-<li class="b">My Shipmate Louise.</li>
-<li class="b">Alone on Wide Wide Sea.</li>
-<li class="b">The Phantom Death.</li>
-<li class="b">Is He the Man?</li>
-<li class="b">Good Ship ‘Mohock.’</li>
-<li class="b">The Convict Ship.</li>
-<li class="b">Heart of Oak.</li>
-<li class="b">The Tale of the Ten.</li>
-<li class="b">The Last Entry.</li>
-<li class="b">The Death Ship.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By DORA RUSSELL.&mdash;Drift of Fate.</p>
-
-<p>By HERBERT RUSSELL.&mdash;True Blue.</p>
-
-<p>By BAYLE ST. JOHN.&mdash;A Levantine Family.</p>
-
-<p>By ADELINE SERGEANT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Dr. Endicott’s Experiment.</li>
-<li class="b">Under False Pretences.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By M. P. SHIEL.&mdash;The Purple Cloud.</p>
-
-<p>By GEORGE R. SIMS.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Dagonet Abroad.</li>
-<li class="b">Once Upon a Christmas Time.</li>
-<li class="b">Without the Limelight.</li>
-<li class="b">Rogues and Vagabonds.</li>
-<li class="b">In London’s Heart.</li>
-<li class="b">Mary Jane’s Memoirs.</li>
-<li class="b">Mary Jane Married.</li>
-<li class="b">The Small-part Lady.</li>
-<li class="b">A Blind Marriage.</li>
-<li class="b">Biographs of Babylon.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By UPTON SINCLAIR.&mdash;Prince Hagen.</p>
-
-<p>By HAWLEY SMART.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Without Love or Licence.</li>
-<li class="b">The Master of Rathkelly.</li>
-<li class="b">Long Odds.</li>
-<li class="b">The Outsider.</li>
-<li class="b">Beatrice &amp; Benedick.</li>
-<li class="b">A Racing Rubber.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By J. MOYR SMITH.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Prince of Argolis.</p>
-
-<p>By T. W. SPEIGHT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Grey Monk.</li>
-<li class="b">The Master of Trenance.</li>
-<li class="b">The Web of Fate.</li>
-<li class="b">A Minion of the Moon.</li>
-<li class="b">The Strange Experiences of Mr. Verschoyle.</li>
-<li class="b">Secret Wyvern Towers.</li>
-<li class="b">The Doom of Siva.</li>
-<li class="b">As it was Written.</li>
-<li class="b">Her Ladyship.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ALAN ST. AUBYN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Fellow of Trinity.</li>
-<li class="b">The Junior Dean.</li>
-<li class="b">Master of St. Benedict’s.</li>
-<li class="b">To his Own Master.</li>
-<li class="b">Gallantry Bower.</li>
-<li class="b">In Face of the World.</li>
-<li class="b">Orchard Damerel.</li>
-<li class="b">The Tremlett Diamonds.</li>
-<li class="b">The Wooing of May.</li>
-<li class="b">A Tragic Honeymoon.</li>
-<li class="b">A Proctor’s Wooing.</li>
-<li class="b">Fortune’s Gate.</li>
-<li class="b">Bonnie Maggie Lauder.</li>
-<li class="b">Mary Unwin.</li>
-<li class="b">Mrs. Dunbar’s Secret.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By JOHN STAFFORD.&mdash;Doris and I.</p>
-
-<p>By R. STEPHENS.&mdash;The Cruciform Mark.</p>
-
-<p>By R. NEILSON STEPHENS.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Philip Winwood.</p>
-
-<p>By R. A. STERNDALE.&mdash;The Afghan Knife.</p>
-
-<p>By R. L. STEVENSON.&mdash;The Suicide Club.</p>
-
-<p>By FRANK STOCKTON.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Young Master of Hyson Hall.</p>
-
-<p>By SUNDOWNER.&mdash;Told by the Taffrail.</p>
-
-<p>By ANNIE THOMAS.&mdash;The Siren’s Web.</p>
-
-<p>By BERTHA THOMAS.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Violin-Player.</li>
-<li class="b">In a Cathedral City.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By FRANCES E. TROLLOPE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Like Ships upon Sea.</li>
-<li class="b">Anne Furness.</li>
-<li class="b">Mabel’s Progress.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ANTHONY TROLLOPE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Way We Live Now.</li>
-<li class="b">Frau Frohmann.</li>
-<li class="b">Marion Fay.</li>
-<li class="b">Scarborough’s Family.</li>
-<li class="b">The Land-Leaguers.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By MARK TWAIN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Choice Works.</li>
-<li class="b">Library of Humour.</li>
-<li class="b">The Innocents Abroad.</li>
-<li class="b">Roughing It; and The Innocents at Home.</li>
-<li class="b">A Tramp Abroad.</li>
-<li class="b">The American Claimant.</li>
-<li class="b">Adventures of Tom Sawyer.</li>
-<li class="b">Tom Sawyer Abroad.</li>
-<li class="b">Tom Sawyer, Detective.</li>
-<li class="b">Pudd’nhead Wilson.</li>
-<li class="b">The Gilded Age.</li>
-<li class="b">Prince and the Pauper.</li>
-<li class="b">Life on the Mississippi.</li>
-<li class="b">The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.</li>
-<li class="b">A Yankee at the Court of King Arthur.</li>
-<li class="b">Stolen White Elephant.</li>
-<li class="b">£1,000,000 Bank-note.</li>
-<li class="b">A Double-barrelled Detective Story.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By C. C. F.-TYTLER.&mdash;Mistress Judith.</p>
-
-<p>By SARAH TYTLER.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">What She Came Through.</li>
-<li class="b">Buried Diamonds.</li>
-<li class="b">The Blackhall Ghosts.</li>
-<li class="b">The Macdonald Lass.</li>
-<li class="b">Witch-Wife.</li>
-<li class="b">Sapphira.</li>
-<li class="b">Mrs. Carmichael’s Goddesses.</li>
-<li class="b">Rachel Langton.</li>
-<li class="b">A Honeymoon’s Eclipse.</li>
-<li class="b">A Young Dragon.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ALLEN UPWARD.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Queen against Owen.</p>
-
-<p>By ALBERT D. VANDAM.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">A Court Tragedy.</p>
-
-<p>By E. A. VIZETELLY.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Scorpion.</li>
-<li class="b">The Lover’s Progress.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By FLORENCE WARDEN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Joan, the Curate.</li>
-<li class="b">A Fight to a Finish.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By CY WARMAN.&mdash;Express Messenger.</p>
-
-<p>By A. WERNER.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Chapenga’s White Man.</p>
-
-<p>By WILLIAM WESTALL.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">For Honour and Life.</li>
-<li class="b">A Woman Tempted Him.</li>
-<li class="b">Her Two Millions.</li>
-<li class="b">Two Pinches of Snuff.</li>
-<li class="b">Nigel Fortescue.</li>
-<li class="b">Birch Dene.</li>
-<li class="b">The Phantom City.</li>
-<li class="b">A Queer Race.</li>
-<li class="b">Ben Clough.</li>
-<li class="b">The Old Factory.</li>
-<li class="b">Red Ryvington.</li>
-<li class="b">Ralph Norbreck’s Trust.</li>
-<li class="b">Trust-money.</li>
-<li class="b">Sons of Belial.</li>
-<li class="b">Roy of Roy’s Court.</li>
-<li class="b">With the Red Eagle.</li>
-<li class="b">A Red Bridal.</li>
-<li class="b">Strange Crimes.</li>
-<li class="b">Her Ladyship’s Secret.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ATHA WESTBURY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Shadow of Hilton Fernbrook.</p>
-
-<p>By FRED WHISHAW.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Forbidden Name.</li>
-<li class="b">Many Ways of Love.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By C. J. WILLS.&mdash;An Easy going Fellow.</p>
-
-<p>By JOHN STRANGE WINTER.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Cavalry Life; and Regimental Legends.</p>
-
-<p>By E. ZOLA.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Joy of Life.</li>
-<li class="b">The Fortune of the Rougons.</li>
-<li class="b">Abbe Mouret’s Transgression.</li>
-<li class="b">The Conquest of Plassans.</li>
-<li class="b">The Honour of the Army.</li>
-<li class="b">The Downfall.</li>
-<li class="b">The Dream.</li>
-<li class="b">Money.</li>
-<li class="b">Dr. Pascal.</li>
-<li class="b">Lourdes.</li>
-<li class="b">The Fat and the Thin.</li>
-<li class="b">His Masterpiece.</li>
-<li class="b">Germinal.</li>
-<li class="b">His Excellency.</li>
-<li class="b">The Dram-Shop.</li>
-<li class="b">Rome.</li>
-<li class="b">Paris.</li>
-<li class="b">Work.</li>
-<li class="b">Fruitfulness.</li>
-<li class="b">Truth.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ‘ZZ.’&mdash;A Nineteenth Century Miracle.</p>
-
-
-<p class="hang1">CHEAP EDITIONS OF POPULAR NOVELS.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Post 8vo, illustrated boards, 2<i>s.</i> each.</p>
-
-<p>By ARTEMUS WARD.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Artemus Ward Complete.</p>
-
-<p>By E. LESTER ARNOLD.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Phra the Phœnician.</p>
-
-<p>By Mrs. ALEXANDER.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Maid, Wife, or Widow?</li>
-<li class="b">Blind Fate.</li>
-<li class="b">Valerie’s Fate.</li>
-<li class="b">A Life Interest.</li>
-<li class="b">Mona’s Choice.</li>
-<li class="b">By Woman’s Wit.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By GRANT ALLEN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Philistia.</li>
-<li class="b">Babylon.</li>
-<li class="b">Strange Stories.</li>
-<li class="b">For Maimie’s Sake.</li>
-<li class="b">In all Shades.</li>
-<li class="b">The Beckoning Hand.</li>
-<li class="b">The Devil’s Die.</li>
-<li class="b">The Tents of Shem.</li>
-<li class="b">The Great Taboo.</li>
-<li class="b">Dumaresq’s Daughter.</li>
-<li class="b">Duchess of Powysland.</li>
-<li class="b">Blood Royal.</li>
-<li class="b">Ivan Greet’s Masterpiece.</li>
-<li class="b">The Scallywag.</li>
-<li class="b">This Mortal Coil.</li>
-<li class="b">At Market Value.</li>
-<li class="b">Under Sealed Orders.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By FRANK BARRETT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Fettered for Life.</li>
-<li class="b">Little Lady Linton.</li>
-<li class="b">Between Life &amp; Death.</li>
-<li class="b">Sin of Olga Zassoulich.</li>
-<li class="b">Folly Morrison.</li>
-<li class="b">Lieut. Barnabas.</li>
-<li class="b">Honest Davie.</li>
-<li class="b">A Prodigal’s Progress.</li>
-<li class="b">Found Guilty.</li>
-<li class="b">A Recoiling Vengeance.</li>
-<li class="b">For Love and Honour.</li>
-<li class="b">John Ford, &amp;c.</li>
-<li class="b">Woman of Iron Brace’ts.</li>
-<li class="b">The Harding Scandal.</li>
-<li class="b">A Missing Witness.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Sir W. BESANT and J. RICE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Ready-Money Mortiboy.</li>
-<li class="b">My Little Girl.</li>
-<li class="b">With Harp and Crown.</li>
-<li class="b">This Son of Vulcan.</li>
-<li class="b">The Golden Butterfly.</li>
-<li class="b">The Monks of Thelema.</li>
-<li class="b">By Celia’s Arbour.</li>
-<li class="b">Chaplain of the Fleet.</li>
-<li class="b">The Seamy Side.</li>
-<li class="b">The Case of Mr. Lucraft.</li>
-<li class="b">In Trafalgar’s Bay.</li>
-<li class="b">The Ten Years’ Tenant.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Sir WALTER BESANT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">All Sorts and Conditions of Men.</li>
-<li class="b">The Captains’ Room.</li>
-<li class="b">All in a Garden Fair.</li>
-<li class="b">Dorothy Forster.</li>
-<li class="b">Uncle Jack.</li>
-<li class="b">The World Went Very Well Then.</li>
-<li class="b">Children of Gibeon.</li>
-<li class="b">Herr Paulus.</li>
-<li class="b">For Faith and Freedom.</li>
-<li class="b">To Call Her Mine.</li>
-<li class="b">The Master Craftsman.</li>
-<li class="b">The Bell of St. Paul’s.</li>
-<li class="b">The Holy Rose.</li>
-<li class="b">Armorel of Lyonesse.</li>
-<li class="b">S. Katherine’s by Tower.</li>
-<li class="b">Verbena Camellia Stephanotis.</li>
-<li class="b">The Ivory Gate.</li>
-<li class="b">The Rebel Queen.</li>
-<li class="b">Beyond the Dreams of Avarice.</li>
-<li class="b">The Revolt of Man.</li>
-<li class="b">In Deacon’s Orders.</li>
-<li class="b">The City of Refuge.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By AMBROSE BIERCE.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">In the Midst of Life.</p>
-
-<p>By FREDERICK BOYLE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Camp Notes.</li>
-<li class="b">Savage Life.</li>
-<li class="b">Chronicles of No-man’s Land.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="hang1">BY BRET HARTE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Californian Stories.</li>
-<li class="b">Gabriel Conroy.</li>
-<li class="b">Luck of Roaring Camp.</li>
-<li class="b">An Heiress of Red Dog.</li>
-<li class="b">Flip.</li>
-<li class="b">Maruja.</li>
-<li class="b">A Phyllis of the Sierras.</li>
-<li class="b">A Waif of the Plains.</li>
-<li class="b">Ward of Golden Gate.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ROBERT BUCHANAN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Shadow of the Sword.</li>
-<li class="b">A Child of Nature.</li>
-<li class="b">God and the Man.</li>
-<li class="b">Love Me for Ever.</li>
-<li class="b">Foxglove Manor.</li>
-<li class="b">The Master of the Mine.</li>
-<li class="b">Annan Water.</li>
-<li class="b">The Martyrdom of Madeline.</li>
-<li class="b">The New Abelard.</li>
-<li class="b">The Heir of Linne.</li>
-<li class="b">Woman and the Man.</li>
-<li class="b">Rachel Dene.</li>
-<li class="b">Matt.</li>
-<li class="b">Lady Kilpatrick.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By BUCHANAN and MURRAY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Charlatan.</p>
-
-<p>By HALL CAINE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Shadow of a Crime.</li>
-<li class="b">A Son of Hagar.</li>
-<li class="b">The Deemster.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Commander CAMERON.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Cruise of the ‘Black Prince.’</p>
-
-<p>By HAYDEN CARRUTH.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Adventures of Jones.</p>
-
-<p>By AUSTIN CLARE.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">For the Love of a Lass.</p>
-
-<p>By Mrs. ARCHER CLIVE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Paul Ferroll.</li>
-<li class="b">Why Paul Ferroll Killed his Wife.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By MACLAREN COBBAN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Cure of Souls.</li>
-<li class="b">The Red Sultan.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By M. J. COLQUHOUN.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Every Inch a Soldier.</p>
-
-<p>By C. ALLSTON COLLINS.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Bar Sinister.</p>
-
-<p>By MORT. &amp; FRANCES COLLINS.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Sweet Anne Page.</li>
-<li class="b">Transmigration.</li>
-<li class="b">From Midnight to Midnight.</li>
-<li class="b">A Fight with Fortune.</li>
-<li class="b">Sweet and Twenty.</li>
-<li class="b">The Village Comedy.</li>
-<li class="b">You Play me False.</li>
-<li class="b">Blacksmith and Scholar.</li>
-<li class="b">Frances.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By WILKIE COLLINS.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Armadale.</li>
-<li class="b">After Dark.</li>
-<li class="b">No Name.</li>
-<li class="b">Antonina.</li>
-<li class="b">Basil.</li>
-<li class="b">Hide and Seek.</li>
-<li class="b">The Dead Secret.</li>
-<li class="b">Queen of Hearts.</li>
-<li class="b">Miss or Mrs.?</li>
-<li class="b">The New Magdalen.</li>
-<li class="b">The Frozen Deep.</li>
-<li class="b">The Law and the Lady.</li>
-<li class="b">The Two Destinies.</li>
-<li class="b">The Haunted Hotel.</li>
-<li class="b">A Rogue’s Life.</li>
-<li class="b">My Miscellanies.</li>
-<li class="b">The Woman in White.</li>
-<li class="b">The Moonstone.</li>
-<li class="b">Man and Wife.</li>
-<li class="b">Poor Miss Finch.</li>
-<li class="b">The Fallen Leaves.</li>
-<li class="b">Jezebel’s Daughter.</li>
-<li class="b">The Black Robe.</li>
-<li class="b">Heart and Science.</li>
-<li class="b">‘I Say No!’</li>
-<li class="b">The Evil Genius.</li>
-<li class="b">Little Novels.</li>
-<li class="b">Legacy of Cain.</li>
-<li class="b">Blind Love.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By C. EGBERT CRADDOCK.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Prophet of the Great Smoky Mountains.</p>
-
-<p>By MATT CRIM.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Adventures of a Fair Rebel.</p>
-
-<p>By H. N. CRELLIN.&mdash;Tales of the Caliph.</p>
-
-<p>By B. M. CROKER.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Pretty Miss Neville.</li>
-<li class="b">Diana Barrington.</li>
-<li class="b">‘To Let.’</li>
-<li class="b">A Bird of Passage.</li>
-<li class="b">Proper Pride.</li>
-<li class="b">A Family Likeness.</li>
-<li class="b">A Third Person.</li>
-<li class="b">Village Tales and Jungle Tragedies.</li>
-<li class="b">Two Masters.</li>
-<li class="b">Mr. Jervis.</li>
-<li class="b">The Real Lady Hilda.</li>
-<li class="b">Married or Single?</li>
-<li class="b">Interference.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ALPHONSE DAUDET.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Evangelist; or, Port Salvation.</p>
-
-<p>By JAMES DE MILLE.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">A Strange Manuscript.</p>
-
-<p>By DICK DONOVAN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Man-Hunter.</li>
-<li class="b">Tracked and Taken.</li>
-<li class="b">Caught at Last!</li>
-<li class="b">Wanted!</li>
-<li class="b">Who Poisoned Hetty Duncan?</li>
-<li class="b">Man from Manchester.</li>
-<li class="b">A Detective’s Triumphs.</li>
-<li class="b">The Mystery of Jamaica Terrace.</li>
-<li class="b">The Chronicles of Michael Danevitch.</li>
-<li class="b">In the Grip of the Law.</li>
-<li class="b">From Information Received.</li>
-<li class="b">Tracked to Doom.</li>
-<li class="b">Link by Link.</li>
-<li class="b">Suspicion Aroused.</li>
-<li class="b">Riddles Read.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Mrs. ANNIE EDWARDES.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Point of Honour.</li>
-<li class="b">Archie Lovell.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By EDWARD EGGLESTON.&mdash;Roxy.</p>
-
-<p>By G. MANVILLE FENN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The New Mistress.</li>
-<li class="b">Witness to the Deed.</li>
-<li class="b">The Tiger Lily.</li>
-<li class="b">The White Virgin.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By PERCY FITZGERALD.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Bella Donna.</li>
-<li class="b">Never Forgotten.</li>
-<li class="b">Polly.</li>
-<li class="b">Fatal Zero.</li>
-<li class="b">Second Mrs. Tillotson.</li>
-<li class="b">Seventy-five Brooke Street.</li>
-<li class="b">The Lady of Brantome.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By P. FITZGERALD and others.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Strange Secrets.</p>
-
-<p>By R. E. FRANCILLON.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Olympia.</li>
-<li class="b">One by One.</li>
-<li class="b">A Real Queen.</li>
-<li class="b">Queen Cophetua.</li>
-<li class="b">King or Knave?</li>
-<li class="b">Romances of the Law.</li>
-<li class="b">Ropes of Sand.</li>
-<li class="b">A Dog and his Shadow.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By HAROLD FREDERIC.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Seth’s Brother’s Wife.</li>
-<li class="b">The Lawton Girl.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>Prefaced by Sir BARTLE FRERE.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Pandurang Hari.</p>
-
-<p>By CHARLES GIBBON.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Robin Gray.</li>
-<li class="b">Fancy Free.</li>
-<li class="b">For Lack of Gold.</li>
-<li class="b">What will World Say?</li>
-<li class="b">In Love and War.</li>
-<li class="b">For the King.</li>
-<li class="b">In Pastures Green.</li>
-<li class="b">Queen of the Meadow.</li>
-<li class="b">A Heart’s Problem.</li>
-<li class="b">The Dead Heart.</li>
-<li class="b">In Honour Bound.</li>
-<li class="b">Flower of the Forest.</li>
-<li class="b">The Braes of Yarrow.</li>
-<li class="b">The Golden Shaft.</li>
-<li class="b">Of High Degree.</li>
-<li class="b">By Mead and Stream.</li>
-<li class="b">Loving a Dream.</li>
-<li class="b">A Hard Knot.</li>
-<li class="b">Heart’s Delight.</li>
-<li class="b">Blood-Money.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By WILLIAM GILBERT.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">James Duke.</p>
-
-<p>By ERNEST GLANVILLE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Lost Heiress.</li>
-<li class="b">A Fair Colonist.</li>
-<li class="b">The Fossicker.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Rev. S. BARING GOULD.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Red Spider.</li>
-<li class="b">Eve.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ANDREW HALLIDAY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Every-day Papers.</p>
-
-<p>By THOMAS HARDY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Under the Greenwood Tree.</p>
-
-<p>By JULIAN HAWTHORNE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Garth.</li>
-<li class="b">Love&mdash;or a Name.</li>
-<li class="b">Ellice Quentin.</li>
-<li class="b">David Poindexter’s Disappearance.</li>
-<li class="b">Fortune’s Fool.</li>
-<li class="b">Miss Cadogna.</li>
-<li class="b">The Spectre of the Camera.</li>
-<li class="b">Dust.</li>
-<li class="b">Beatrix Randolph.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Sir ARTHUR HELPS.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Ivan de Biron.</p>
-
-<p>By G. A. HENTY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Rujub the Juggler.</p>
-
-<p>By HEADON HILL.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Zambra the Detective.</p>
-
-<p>By JOHN HILL.&mdash;Treason Felony.</p>
-
-<p>By Mrs. CASHEL HOEY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Lover’s Creed.</p>
-
-<p>By Mrs. GEORGE HOOPER.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The House of Raby.</p>
-
-<p>By Mrs. HUNGERFORD.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Maiden all Forlorn.</li>
-<li class="b">Lady Verner’s Flight.</li>
-<li class="b">In Durance Vile.</li>
-<li class="b">The Red-House Mystery.</li>
-<li class="b">Marvel.</li>
-<li class="b">The Three Graces.</li>
-<li class="b">A Mental Struggle.</li>
-<li class="b">Unsatisfactory Lover.</li>
-<li class="b">A Modern Circe.</li>
-<li class="b">Lady Patty.</li>
-<li class="b">April’s Lady.</li>
-<li class="b">Nora Creina.</li>
-<li class="b">Peter’s Wife.</li>
-<li class="b">Professor’s Experiment.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Mrs. ALFRED HUNT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">That Other Person.</li>
-<li class="b">The Leaden Casket.</li>
-<li class="b">Self-Condemned.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By MARK KERSHAW.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Colonial Facts and Fictions.</p>
-
-<p>By R. ASHE KING.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Drawn Game.</li>
-<li class="b">Passion’s Slave.</li>
-<li class="b">‘The Wearing of the Green.’</li>
-<li class="b">Bell Barry.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By EDMOND LEPELLETIER.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Madame Sans-Gene.</p>
-
-<p>By JOHN LEYS.&mdash;The Lindsays.</p>
-
-<p>By E. LYNN LINTON.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Patricia Kemball.</li>
-<li class="b">The Atonement of Leam Dundas.</li>
-<li class="b">The World Well Lost.</li>
-<li class="b">Under which Lord?</li>
-<li class="b">Rebel of the Family.</li>
-<li class="b">Paston Carew.</li>
-<li class="b">Sowing the Wind.</li>
-<li class="b">‘My Love!’</li>
-<li class="b">The One Too Many.</li>
-<li class="b">Ione.</li>
-<li class="b">Dulcie Everton.</li>
-<li class="b">With a Silken Thread.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By HENRY W. LUCY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Gideon Fleyce.</p>
-
-<p>By JUSTIN McCARTHY.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Dear Lady Disdain.</li>
-<li class="b">Donna Quixote.</li>
-<li class="b">Waterdale Neighbours.</li>
-<li class="b">Maid of Athens.</li>
-<li class="b">My Enemy’s Daughter.</li>
-<li class="b">The Comet of a Season.</li>
-<li class="b">A Fair Saxon.</li>
-<li class="b">The Dictator.</li>
-<li class="b">Linley Rochford.</li>
-<li class="b">Red Diamonds.</li>
-<li class="b">Miss Misanthrope.</li>
-<li class="b">The Riddle Ring.</li>
-<li class="b">Camiola.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By HUGH MACCOLL.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Mr. Stranger’s Sealed Packet.</p>
-
-<p>By GEORGE MACDONALD.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Heather and Snow.</p>
-
-<p>By AGNES MACDONELL.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Quaker Cousins.</p>
-
-<p>By W. H. MALLOCK.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The New Republic.</p>
-
-<p>By BRANDER MATTHEWS.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">A Secret of the Sea.</p>
-
-<p>By L. T. MEADE.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">A Soldier of Fortune.</p>
-
-<p>By LEONARD MERRICK.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Man who was Good.</p>
-
-<p>By Mrs. MOLESWORTH.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Hathercourt Rectory.</p>
-
-<p>By J. E. MUDDOCK.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Stories Weird and Wonderful.</li>
-<li class="b">From the Bosom of the Deep.</li>
-<li class="b">The Dead Man’s Secret.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By D. CHRISTIE MURRAY.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Model Father.</li>
-<li class="b">A Bit of Human Nature.</li>
-<li class="b">Joseph’s Coat.</li>
-<li class="b">First Person Singular.</li>
-<li class="b">Coals of Fire.</li>
-<li class="b">Bob Martin’s Little Girl.</li>
-<li class="b">Val Strange.</li>
-<li class="b">Heart.</li>
-<li class="b">Time’s Revenges.</li>
-<li class="b">Old Blazer’s Hero.</li>
-<li class="b">A Wasted Crime.</li>
-<li class="b">The Way of the World.</li>
-<li class="b">In Direst Peril.</li>
-<li class="b">Cynic Fortune.</li>
-<li class="b">Mount Despair.</li>
-<li class="b">A Life’s Atonement.</li>
-<li class="b">A Capful o’ Nails.</li>
-<li class="b">By the Gate of the Sea.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By MURRAY and HERMAN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">One Traveller Returns.</li>
-<li class="b">The Bishops’ Bible.</li>
-<li class="b">Paul Jones’s Alias.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By HUME NISBET.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">‘Bail Up!’</li>
-<li class="b">Dr. Bernard St. Vincent.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By W. E. NORRIS.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Saint Ann’s.</li>
-<li class="b">Billy Bellew.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By GEORGES OHNET.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Dr. Rameau.</li>
-<li class="b">A Weird Gift.</li>
-<li class="b">A Last Love.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Mrs. OLIPHANT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Whiteladies.</li>
-<li class="b">The Greatest Heiress in England.</li>
-<li class="b">The Primrose Path.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By OUIDA.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Held in Bondage.</li>
-<li class="b">Two Lit. Wooden Shoes.</li>
-<li class="b">Strathmore.</li>
-<li class="b">Moths.</li>
-<li class="b">Chandos.</li>
-<li class="b">Bimbi.</li>
-<li class="b">Idalia.</li>
-<li class="b">Pipistrello.</li>
-<li class="b">Under Two Flags.</li>
-<li class="b">A Village Commune.</li>
-<li class="b">Cecil Castlemaine’s Gage.</li>
-<li class="b">Wanda.</li>
-<li class="b">Tricotrin.</li>
-<li class="b">Othmar.</li>
-<li class="b">Puck.</li>
-<li class="b">Frescoes.</li>
-<li class="b">Folle Farine.</li>
-<li class="b">In Maremma.</li>
-<li class="b">A Dog of Flanders.</li>
-<li class="b">Guilderoy.</li>
-<li class="b">Pascarel.</li>
-<li class="b">Ruffino.</li>
-<li class="b">Signa.</li>
-<li class="b">Syrlin.</li>
-<li class="b">Princess Napraxine.</li>
-<li class="b">Santa Barbara.</li>
-<li class="b">In a Winter City.</li>
-<li class="b">Two Offenders.</li>
-<li class="b">Ariadne.</li>
-<li class="b">Ouida’s Wisdom, Wit, and Pathos.</li>
-<li class="b">Friendship.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By MARGARET AGNES PAUL.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Gentle and Simple.</p>
-
-<p>By Mrs. CAMPBELL PRAED.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Romance of a Station.</li>
-<li class="b">The Soul of Countess Adrian.</li>
-<li class="b">Outlaw and Lawmaker.</li>
-<li class="b">Christina Chard.</li>
-<li class="b">Mrs. Tregaskiss.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By JAMES PAYN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Bentinck’s Tutor.</li>
-<li class="b">The Talk of the Town.</li>
-<li class="b">Murphy’s Master.</li>
-<li class="b">Holiday Tasks.</li>
-<li class="b">A County Family.</li>
-<li class="b">A Perfect Treasure.</li>
-<li class="b">At Her Mercy.</li>
-<li class="b">What He Cost Her.</li>
-<li class="b">Cecil’s Tryst.</li>
-<li class="b">A Confidential Agent.</li>
-<li class="b">The Clyffards of Clyffe.</li>
-<li class="b">Glow-worm Tales.</li>
-<li class="b">The Foster Brothers.</li>
-<li class="b">The Burnt Million.</li>
-<li class="b">Found Dead.</li>
-<li class="b">Sunny Stories.</li>
-<li class="b">The Best of Husbands.</li>
-<li class="b">Lost Sir Massingberd.</li>
-<li class="b">Walter’s Word.</li>
-<li class="b">A Woman’s Vengeance.</li>
-<li class="b">Halves.</li>
-<li class="b">The Family Scapegrace.</li>
-<li class="b">Fallen Fortunes.</li>
-<li class="b">Gwendoline’s Harvest.</li>
-<li class="b">Humorous Stories.</li>
-<li class="b">Like Father, Like Son.</li>
-<li class="b">£200 Reward.</li>
-<li class="b">Married Beneath Him.</li>
-<li class="b">A Marine Residence.</li>
-<li class="b">Not Wooed, but Won.</li>
-<li class="b">Mirk Abbey.</li>
-<li class="b">Less Black than We’re Painted.</li>
-<li class="b">By Proxy.</li>
-<li class="b">Under One Roof.</li>
-<li class="b">Some Private Views.</li>
-<li class="b">High Spirits.</li>
-<li class="b">A Grape from a Thorn.</li>
-<li class="b">Carlyon’s Year.</li>
-<li class="b">The Mystery of Mirbridge.</li>
-<li class="b">From Exile.</li>
-<li class="b">The Word and the Will.</li>
-<li class="b">For Cash Only.</li>
-<li class="b">Kit.</li>
-<li class="b">A Prince of the Blood.</li>
-<li class="b">The Canon’s Ward.</li>
-<li class="b">A Trying Patient.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By RICHARD PRYCE.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Miss Maxwell’s Affections.
-</p>
-
-<p>By CHARLES READE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">It is Never Too Late to Mend.</li>
-<li class="b">Foul Play.</li>
-<li class="b">Christie Johnstone.</li>
-<li class="b">The Wandering Heir.</li>
-<li class="b">The Double Marriage.</li>
-<li class="b">Hard Cash.</li>
-<li class="b">Put Y’self in His Place.</li>
-<li class="b">Singleheart, Doubleface.</li>
-<li class="b">Love Little, Love Long.</li>
-<li class="b">Good Stories of Man, &amp;c.</li>
-<li class="b">Cloister and the Hearth.</li>
-<li class="b">Peg Woffington.</li>
-<li class="b">Course of True Love.</li>
-<li class="b">Griffith Gaunt.</li>
-<li class="b">The Jilt.</li>
-<li class="b">A Perilous Secret.</li>
-<li class="b">Autobiog. of a Thief.</li>
-<li class="b">A Simpleton.</li>
-<li class="b">A Terrible Temptation.</li>
-<li class="b">Readiana.</li>
-<li class="b">A Woman-Hater.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By Mrs. J. H. RIDDELL.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Weird Stories.</li>
-<li class="b">The Uninhabited House.</li>
-<li class="b">Fairy Water.</li>
-<li class="b">The Mystery in Palace Gardens.</li>
-<li class="b">Her Mother’s Darling.</li>
-<li class="b">The Nun’s Curse.</li>
-<li class="b">The Prince of Wales’s Garden Party.</li>
-<li class="b">Idle Tales.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By F. W. ROBINSON.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Women are Strange.</li>
-<li class="b">The Woman in the Dark.</li>
-<li class="b">The Hands of Justice.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By W. CLARK RUSSELL.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Round the Galley Fire.</li>
-<li class="b">An Ocean Tragedy.</li>
-<li class="b">On the Fo’k’sle Head.</li>
-<li class="b">My Shipmate Louise.</li>
-<li class="b">In the Middle Watch.</li>
-<li class="b">Alone on Wide Wide Sea.</li>
-<li class="b">A Voyage to the Cape.</li>
-<li class="b">Good Ship ‘Mohock.’</li>
-<li class="b">A Book for the Hammock.</li>
-<li class="b">The Phantom Death.</li>
-<li class="b">The Mystery of the ‘Ocean Star.’</li>
-<li class="b">Is He the Man?</li>
-<li class="b">The Romance of Jenny Harlowe.</li>
-<li class="b">Heart of Oak.</li>
-<li class="b">The Convict Ship.</li>
-<li class="b">The Tale of the Ten.</li>
-<li class="b">The Last Entry.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By DORA RUSSELL.&mdash;A Country Sweetheart.</p>
-
-<p>By GEORGE AUGUSTUS SALA.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Gaslight and Daylight.</p>
-
-<p>By GEORGE R. SIMS.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Ring o’ Bells.</li>
-<li class="b">Zeph.</li>
-<li class="b">Mary Jane’s Memoirs.</li>
-<li class="b">Memoirs of a Landlady.</li>
-<li class="b">Mary Jane Married.</li>
-<li class="b">Scenes from the Show.</li>
-<li class="b">Tales of To-day.</li>
-<li class="b">The 10 Commandments.</li>
-<li class="b">Dramas of Life.</li>
-<li class="b">Dagonet Abroad.</li>
-<li class="b">Tinkletop’s Crime.</li>
-<li class="b">Rogues and Vagabonds.</li>
-<li class="b">My Two Wives.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By HAWLEY SMART.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Without Love or Licence.</li>
-<li class="b">The Plunger.</li>
-<li class="b">Beatrice and Benedick.</li>
-<li class="b">Long Odds.</li>
-<li class="b">The Master of Rathkelly.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ARTHUR SKETCHLEY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">A Match in the Dark.</p>
-
-<p>By R. A. STERNDALE.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Afghan Knife.</p>
-
-<p>By T. W. SPEIGHT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Mysteries of Heron Dyke.</li>
-<li class="b">Back to Life.</li>
-<li class="b">The Golden Hoop.</li>
-<li class="b">The Loudwater Tragedy.</li>
-<li class="b">Hoodwinked.</li>
-<li class="b">Burgo’s Romance.</li>
-<li class="b">By Devious Ways.</li>
-<li class="b">Quittance in Full.</li>
-<li class="b">A Husband from the Sea.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ALAN ST. AUBYN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Fellow of Trinity.</li>
-<li class="b">Orchard Damerel.</li>
-<li class="b">The Junior Dean.</li>
-<li class="b">In the Face of the World.</li>
-<li class="b">Master of St. Benedict’s.</li>
-<li class="b">The Tremlett Diamonds.</li>
-<li class="b">To His Own Master.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By R. LOUIS STEVENSON.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">New Arabian Nights.</p>
-
-<p>By ROBERT SURTEES.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Handley Cross.</p>
-
-<p>By WALTER THORNBURY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Tales for the Marines.</p>
-
-<p>By T. ADOLPHUS TROLLOPE.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Diamond Cut Diamond.</p>
-
-<p>By F. ELEANOR TROLLOPE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Like Ships upon the Sea.</li>
-<li class="b">Anne Furness.</li>
-<li class="b">Mabel’s Progress.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ANTHONY TROLLOPE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Frau Frohmann.</li>
-<li class="b">The Land-Leaguers.</li>
-<li class="b">Marion Fay.</li>
-<li class="b">The American Senator.</li>
-<li class="b">Kept in the Dark.</li>
-<li class="b">Scarborough’s Family.</li>
-<li class="b">The Way We Live Now.</li>
-<li class="b">Golden Lion of Granpere.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By MARK TWAIN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Pleasure Trip on the Continent.</li>
-<li class="b">Stolen White Elephant.</li>
-<li class="b">The Gilded Age.</li>
-<li class="b">Life on the Mississippi.</li>
-<li class="b">Huckleberry Finn.</li>
-<li class="b">Prince and Pauper.</li>
-<li class="b">Tom Sawyer.</li>
-<li class="b">A Yankee at the Court of King Arthur.</li>
-<li class="b">A Tramp Abroad.</li>
-<li class="b">£1,000,000 Bank-Note.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By C. C. FRASER-TYTLER.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Mistress Judith.</p>
-
-<p>By SARAH TYTLER.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Bride’s Pass.</li>
-<li class="b">Lady Bell.</li>
-<li class="b">The Huguenot Family.</li>
-<li class="b">Buried Diamonds.</li>
-<li class="b">The Blackball Ghosts.</li>
-<li class="b">St. Mungo’s City.</li>
-<li class="b">What She Came Through.</li>
-<li class="b">Noblesse Oblige.</li>
-<li class="b">Beauty and the Beast.</li>
-<li class="b">Disappeared.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By ALLEN UPWARD.&mdash;Queen against Owen.</p>
-
-<p>By WM. WESTALL.&mdash;Trust-Money.</p>
-
-<p>By Mrs. WILLIAMSON.&mdash;A Child Widow.</p>
-
-<p>By J. S. WINTER.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Cavalry Life.</li>
-<li class="b">Regimental Legends.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By H. F. WOOD.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Passenger from Scotland Yard.</li>
-<li class="b">The Englishman of the Rue Cain.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By MARG. WYNMAN.&mdash;My Flirtations.</p>
-
-
-<p class="center"><big>NEW SERIES OF TWO-SHILLING NOVELS</big>.</p>
-
-<p class="center">Bound in picture cloth, flat backs.</p>
-
-
-<p>By EDWIN LESTER ARNOLD.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Constable of St. Nicholas.</p>
-
-<p>By Sir WALTER BESANT.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">St. Katherine’s by Tower.</li>
-<li class="b">The Rebel Queen.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By H. BINDLOSS.&mdash;Ainslie’s Ju Ju.</p>
-
-<p>By McD. BODKIN, K.C.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Dora Myrl, the Lady Detective.</p>
-
-<p>By DICK DONOVAN.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Vincent Trill, Detective.</li>
-<li class="b">Wanted.</li>
-<li class="b">Dark Deeds.</li>
-<li class="b">The Man from Manchester.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By G. M. FENN.&mdash;A Crimson Crime.</p>
-
-<p>By PAUL GAULOT.&mdash;The Red Shirts.</p>
-
-<p>By OWEN HALL.&mdash;Track of a Storm.</p>
-
-<p>By BRET HARTE.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Luck of Roaring Camp; and Sensation Novels.</li>
-<li class="b">In a Hollow of the Hills.</li>
-<li class="b">Sappho of Green Springs.</li>
-<li class="b">Colonel Starbottle’s Client.</li>
-<li class="b">A Protegee of Jack Hamlin’s.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By HEADON HILL.&mdash;Zambra, the Detective.</p>
-
-<p>By FERGUS HUME.&mdash;The Lady from Nowhere.</p>
-
-<p>By EDMUND MITCHELL.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Plotters of Paris.</li>
-<li class="b">The Temple of Death.</li>
-<li class="b">Towards the Eternal Snows.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By BERTRAM MITFORD.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley.</li>
-<li class="b">The King’s Assegai.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By J. E. MUDDOCK.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Maid Marian and Robin Hood.</p>
-
-<p>By CHRISTIE MURRAY.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">His Own Ghost.</p>
-
-<p>By OUIDA.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">Syrlin.</li>
-<li class="b">The Waters of Edera.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By J. PAYN.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">A Modern Dick Whittington.</p>
-
-<p>By DORA RUSSELL.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">A Country Sweetheart.</li>
-<li class="b">The Drift of Fate.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By G. R. SIMS.</p>
-
-<ul class="books">
-<li class="b">In London’s Heart.</li>
-<li class="b">Rogues and Vagabonds.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>By FRANK STOCKTON.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">The Young Master of Hyson Hall.</p>
-
-<p>By SUNDOWNER.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Tale of the Serpent.</p>
-
-<p>By SARAH TYTLER.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Citoyenne Jacqueline.</p>
-
-<p>By ALLEN UPWARD.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Queen against Owen.</p>
-
-<p>By F. WARDEN.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Joan, the Curate.</p>
-
-<p>By BYRON WEBBER.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Sport and Spangles.</p>
-
-<p>By JOHN STRANGE WINTER.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">Cavalry Life; and Regimental Legends.</p>
-
-<p>By LOUIS ZANGWILL.</p>
-
-<p class="hang1">A Nineteenth Century Miracle.</p>
-</div></div>
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Unwin Brothers, Ltd.</span>, Printers, 27, Pilgrim Street, London, E.C.</p>
-
-
-
-
-<div class="transnote">
-<h3>Transcriber's Notes</h3>
-
-<p>Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected. Variations
-in hyphenation have been standardised but all other spelling and
-punctuation remains unchanged.</p>
-
-<p>The complex and cramped layout of the book catalogue has been simplified.</p>
-
-
-</div>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<pre>
-
-
-
-
-
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