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diff --git a/old/51731-0.txt b/old/51731-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 634b073..0000000 --- a/old/51731-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1678 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mentor: American Pioneer Prose Writers, -Vol. 4, Num. 6, Serial No. 106, May 1, 1916, by Hamilton W. Mabie - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: The Mentor: American Pioneer Prose Writers, - Vol. 4, Num. 6, Serial No. 106, May 1, 1916 - -Author: Hamilton W. Mabie - -Release Date: April 11, 2016 [EBook #51731] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MENTOR: AMERICAN PIONEER PROSE WRITERS *** - - - - -Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - - - - - - THE MENTOR 1916.05.01, No. 106, - American Pioneer Prose Writers - - LEARN ONE THING - EVERY DAY - - MAY 1 1916 SERIAL NO. 106 - - THE - MENTOR - - AMERICAN PIONEER - PROSE WRITERS - - By HAMILTON W. MABIE - Author and Editor - - DEPARTMENT OF VOLUME 4 - LITERATURE NUMBER 6 - - FIFTEEN CENTS A COPY - - - - -Fame In Name Only - - -What do we really know of them--these library gods of ours? We know -them by name; their names are household words. We know them by fame; -their fame is immortal. So we pay tribute to them by purchasing their -books--and, too often, rest satisfied with that. The riches that they -offer us are within arm’s length, and we leave them there. We go our -ways seeking for mental nourishment, when our larders at home are full. - - * * * * * - -Three hundred years ago last week William Shakespeare died, but -Shakespeare, the poet, is more alive today than when his bones were -laid to rest in Stratford. It was not until seven years after his -death that the first collected edition of his works was published. -Today there are thousands of editions, and new ones appear each year. -It seems that we must all have Shakespeare in our homes. And why? Is -it simply to give character to our bookshelves; or is it because we -realize that the works of Shakespeare and of his fellow immortals are -the foundation stones of literature, and that we want to be near them -and know them? - - * * * * * - -We value anniversaries most of all as occasions for placing fresh -wreaths of laurel on life’s altars. In the memory of Shakespeare, then, -let us pledge ourselves anew to our library gods. Let us turn their -glowing pages again--and read once more those inspired messages of mind -and heart in which we find life’s meaning. - - - - -[Illustration: JONATHAN EDWARDS] - - - - -American Pioneer Prose Writers - -JONATHAN EDWARDS - -Monograph Number One in The Mentor Reading Course - - -Jonathan Edwards was one of the most impressive figures of his time. -He was a deep thinker, a strong writer, a powerful theologian, and -a constructive philosopher. He was born on October 5, 1703, at East -(now South) Windsor, Connecticut. His father, Timothy Edwards, was a -minister of East Windsor, and also a tutor. Jonathan, the only son, was -the fifth of eleven children. - -Even as a boy he was thoughtful and serious minded. It is recorded that -he never played the games, or got mixed up in the mischief that the -usual boy indulges in. When he was only ten years old he wrote a tract -on the soul. Two years later he wrote a really remarkable essay on the -“Flying Spider.” He entered Yale and graduated at the head of his class -as valedictorian. The next two years he spent in New Haven studying -theology. In February, 1727, he was ordained minister at Northampton, -Massachusetts. In the same year he married Sarah Pierrepont, who was an -admirable wife and became the mother of his twelve children. - -In 1733 a great revival in religion began in Northampton. So intense -did this become in that winter that the business of the town was -threatened. In six months nearly 300 were admitted to the church. Of -course Edwards was a leading spirit in this revival. The orthodox -leaders of the church had no sympathy with it. At last a crisis came in -Edwards’ relations with his congregation, which finally ended in his -being driven from the church. - -Edwards and his family were now thrown upon the world with nothing -to live on. After some time he became pastor of an Indian mission at -Stockbridge, Massachusetts. He preached to the Indians through an -interpreter, and in every way possible defended their interests against -the whites, who were trying to enrich themselves at the expense of the -red men. - -President Burr of the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) -died in 1757. Five years before he had married one of Edwards’ -daughters. Jonathan Edwards was elected to his place, and installed -in February, 1758. There was smallpox in Princeton at this time, and -the new president was inoculated for it. His feeble constitution could -not bear the shock, and he died on March 22. He was buried in the old -cemetery at Princeton. - -Edwards in personal appearance was slender and about six feet tall, -with an oval, gentle, almost feminine face which made him look the -scholar and the mystic. But he had a violent temper when aroused, and -was a strict parent. He did not allow his boys out of doors after nine -o’clock at night, and if any suitor of his daughter remained beyond -that hour he was quietly but forcibly informed that it was time to lock -up the house. - -Jonathan Edwards would not be called an eloquent speaker today; but his -sermons were forceful, and charged with his personality. These sermons -were written in very small handwriting, with the lines close together. -It was Edwards’ invariable habit to read them. He leaned with his left -elbow on the cushion of the pulpit, and brought the finely written -manuscript close to his eyes. He used no gestures; but shifted from -foot to foot while reading. - - PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION - ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 6, SERIAL No. 106 - COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC. - - - - -[Illustration: BENJAMIN FRANKLIN] - - - - -American Pioneer Prose Writers - -BENJAMIN FRANKLIN - -Monograph Number Two in The Mentor Reading Course - - -Probably no American of humble origin ever attained to more enduring -fame than many-sided Benjamin Franklin. The secret of his rise can be -tersely told. He had ceaseless energy, guided by a passion for the -improvement of mankind. A recital of his accomplishments sounds like a -round of the old counting game, “doctor, lawyer, merchant, chief.” He -was, in fact, all the list except the “thief.” - -Boston gave him to America on January 17, 1706, but Philadelphia -claimed him early, and he stamped himself upon the Quaker City almost -as definitely as did William Penn. - -Passing over his precocious boyhood, when he wrote for the Boston -publication of his brother James with a skill that at the time was held -astonishing, the day he reached Philadelphia he was a great, overgrown -boy, his clothes most unsightly; for he had been wrecked trying to make -an economical trip from New York by sailboat. With the exception of a -single Dutch dollar he was penniless. As he trudged about the streets, -his big eyes drinking in the sights, his cupid-bow mouth ready to smile -at the slightest provocation, he munched a roll of bread. His reserve -food supply was a loaf under each arm. - -He was an expert printer, and printers were wanted in Philadelphia. He -soon got a job, after which he found a boarding place in the home of -one Read, with whose daughter, Deborah, he promptly fell in love. - -After a few years the governor of Pennsylvania urged him to go to -London to purchase a printing plant of his own. The official had -promised to send letters and funds aboard the ship in the mail-bag; but -at the critical moment forgot all about it. So young Franklin landed in -London without a cent, and played a short engagement as “beggar man.” - -Again his skill as a printer saved him from want, and he remained five -years, having a most interesting time, meeting many of the great men of -England, all of whom were charmed with his wit and philosophy. - -In all that period he did not write a single letter to Deborah Read; -yet he seemed surprised and hurt on his return to Philadelphia to find -the young woman married to another. But Deborah’s husband, who had -treated her cruelly, quite civilly left her a widow, so that Franklin, -careless but faithful, was able ultimately to claim her as his wife. - -For the next twenty years Franklin did something new at almost every -turn. He flew a kite in a thunder shower, drew down electricity, -and invented the lightning rod, to the salvation of generations of -rural sales agents. He invented a stove that still holds his name. He -organized the first fire company in America, and founded the first -public library. All the while he was publishing “Poor Richard’s -Almanac,” which to this day ranks as an epigrammatic masterpiece. - -American politics soon claimed Franklin as an ideal diplomatist. -English and Scottish universities honored him with degrees for his -discoveries and writings. In Paris he became the most popular man of -the period, and was overwhelmed with attention from all classes. - -He was one of the first signers of the Declaration of Independence; and -he rounded out his political career as governor of Pennsylvania and one -of the framers of the Constitution. He died in Philadelphia in April, -1790, in some respects the greatest of Americans. - - PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION - ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 6, SERIAL No. 106 - COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC. - - - - -[Illustration: CHARLES BROCKDEN BROWN] - - - - -American Pioneer Prose Writers - -CHARLES BROCKDEN BROWN - -Monograph Number Three in The Mentor Reading Course - - -Charles Brockden Brown has often been called the earliest American -novelist; but today his books are very rarely read. All of them are -romantic and weird, with incidents bordering on the supernatural. They -are typical of the kind of novel general at the time Brown lived. - -He was born on January 17, 1771, in Philadelphia. His parents were -Quakers. As a boy his health was bad, and since he was not able to -join with other boys in outdoor sports he spent most of his time in -study. His principal amusement was the invention of ideal architectural -designs, planned on the most extensive and elaborate scale. Later this -bent for construction developed into schemes for ideal commonwealths. -Still later it showed itself in the elaborate plots of his novels. - -Brown planned in the early part of his life to study law; but his -constitution was too feeble for this arduous work. He had his share of -the youthful dreams of great literary conquests. He planned a great -epic on the discovery of America, with Columbus as his hero; another -with the adventures of Pizarro for the subject; and still another -upon the conquests of Cortes. However, as with the case of many great -dreams, they were given up. - -When he was still a boy he wrote a romance called “Carsol,” which -was not published, however, until after his death. The next thing he -wrote was an essay on the question of women’s rights and liberties. -This question was already becoming an important one in England, where -William Godwin and Mary Wollstonecraft were publishing their writings. -Brown was much influenced by the works of both. - -Although Brown’s books make heavy reading, yet his companionships were -of the liveliest. It was said that no man ever had truer friends or -loved these friends better. One of his closest friends was Dr. Eli -Smith, a literary man. It was through him that Brown was introduced -into the Friendly Club of New York City, where he met many other -workers in the literary field. And it was under their influence that he -produced his first, important work. - -This was a novel published in 1798, called “Wieland, or the -Transformation.” A mystery, seemingly inexplicable, is solved as a -case of ventriloquism, which at that time was just beginning to be -understood thoroughly. His next book was “Arthur Mervyn,” remarkable -for its description of the epidemic of yellow fever in Philadelphia. -“Edgar Huntley,” a romance rich in local color, followed this. An -effective use is made of somnambulism, and in it Brown anticipates -James Fenimore Cooper’s introduction of the American Indian into -fiction. - -The novelist then wrote two novels dealing with ordinary life; but they -proved to be failures. Then he began to compile a general system of -geography, to edit a periodical, and to write political pamphlets; but -all the time his health was failing. On February 22, 1810, he died of -tuberculosis. - -His biographer, William Dunlap, who was the novelist’s friend, says -that Brown was the purest and most amiable of men, due perhaps to his -Quaker education. His manner was at times a little stiff and formal; -but in spite of this he was deeply loved by his friends. - - PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION - ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 6, SERIAL No. 106 - COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC. - - - - -[Illustration: WASHINGTON IRVING] - - - - -American Pioneer Prose Writers - -WASHINGTON IRVING - -Monograph Number Four in The Mentor Reading Course - - -A bankruptcy produced one of the greatest American writers. If the -business house with which Washington Irving was associated had not -failed, he might never have seriously attempted to take up literature. - -Washington Irving was born in New York City on April 3, 1783. He was -named after George Washington, who at that time was the idol of the -American people. Both his parents were immigrants from Great Britain. -His father was a prosperous merchant at the time of Irving’s birth. - -Irving was a mischievous boy. Perhaps this was due to the fact that -Deacon Irving was a severe father. He detested the theater, and -permitted no reading on Sunday except the Bible and the Catechism. -Washington was permitted on weekdays to read only Gulliver’s Travels -and Robinson Crusoe. Nevertheless, in spite of his father’s strictness, -the boy managed to steal away from home to attend the theater. - -Irving intended to be a lawyer; but his health gave way, and he had -to take a voyage to Europe. In this journey he went as far as Rome, -and in England made the acquaintance of Washington Allston, the famous -American painter, who was then living there. On his return he was -admitted to the bar; but he made little effort at practising. - -In the meanwhile, however, he, his brother William, and J. K. Paulding -wrote some humorous sketches called “Salmagundi Papers,” which were -quite successful. - -About this time came the single romance of Irving’s life. Judge -Hoffman, in whose law office he was, had a daughter named Matilda. -The young lawyer fell in love with her; but this romance was brought -to a tragic end by her death. Irving never married, remaining true -throughout life to the memory of this early attachment. - -Irving’s first important piece of writing was the Knickerbocker History -of New York. It was a clever parody of a history of the city published -by Dr. Samuel Mitchell. The book was received with enthusiasm by the -public, and Irving’s reputation was made. - -His health, never of the best, again gave way. In 1815 he revisited -Europe, and made the acquaintance of many important people there, -including Disraeli, Campbell, and Scott. The business in which he was -a silent partner fell into bad conditions and ended with a bankruptcy -which left Irving virtually without resources. His brother, who was -an influential member of Congress, secured for him a secretaryship in -the United States Navy Department with a salary of $2,500 a year; but -Irving declined this, with the intention of writing for a living. - -From that time he was successful. All his books were eagerly received, -and it was not long before he was considered America’s leading writer. -He went to Spain as attaché of the American legation in 1826. When he -returned to the United States he found his name a household word. Then -he decided to settle down somewhere in the country and quietly enjoy -life. He built a delightful home on the Hudson River, New York, to -which he gave the name of “Sunnyside,” where he spent his last years. -His charming personality attracted to him many friends, and there were -no worries to bother him. He continued his writing to the very last. -He died of heart disease at Sunnyside on November 28, 1859. On the day -of his funeral all the shops in Tarrytown were closed and draped in -mourning. Both sides of the road leading to his grave at Sleepy Hollow -were crowded with sorrowful mourners. - - PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION - ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 6, SERIAL No. 106 - COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC. - - - - -[Illustration: JAMES KIRKE PAULDING] - - - - -American Pioneer Prose Writers - -JAMES KIRKE PAULDING - -Monograph Number Five in The Mentor Reading Course - - - “Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers; - Where is the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?” - -It is rather unusual to find that the most familiar writing of an -author is merely a bit of nonsense. Yet the verse of James Kirke -Paulding best known to us today is the tongue-twister quoted above. He -wrote poetry, most of which is gracefully commonplace, and a good many -novels, attractive in style but of no great interest. - -James Kirke Paulding was born in Dutchess County, New York, on August -22, 1779. He attended the village school for a short time; but in 1800 -went to New York City, where, in connection with his brother-in-law, -William Irving, and Washington Irving, another of the American pioneer -prose writers, he began to publish in January, 1807, a series of short, -lightly humorous articles called the “Salmagundi Papers.” In 1814 a -political pamphlet of his, “The United States and England,” attracted -the notice of President Madison. He was favorably impressed, and the -next year appointed him secretary to the Board of Navy Commissioners. -He held this position until November, 1823. He was navy agent in New -York City from 1825 to 1837. - -Paulding was always a successful man of affairs and an able politician. -In recognition of his ability, President Van Buren made him a member of -his cabinet in 1837 as Secretary of the Navy. - -Later he retired to Poughkeepsie, New York, where he divided his time -between writing and farming. He died on April 6, 1860. - -Paulding came of good old Knickerbocker blood. In his work he never -liked to revise what he had already written, nor did he plan out his -books. His best known work is perhaps the “Dutchman’s Fireside,” which -has many pleasing pages of Dutch life. - -He also wrote a number of poems; but these do not measure up to the -standards of good poetry. One of them, “The Backwoodsman,” extends over -three thousand lines, few of which may be termed good. - -Paulding was one of the first distinctively American writers. From -his father, an active Revolutionary patriot, he inherited strong -anti-British sentiments. Throughout his life he was a vigorous -protester against intellectual thraldom to the mother country. - - PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION - ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 6, SERIAL No. 106 - COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC. - - - - -[Illustration: JAMES FENIMORE COOPER] - - - - -American Pioneer Prose Writers - -JAMES FENIMORE COOPER - -Monograph Number Six in The Mentor Reading Course - - -James Fenimore Cooper was one of the most popular writers that ever -lived. Almost every American has read some or all of Cooper’s books, -and his stories have been translated into nearly all the languages of -Europe, and indeed into some of Asia. Balzac, the French novelist, -admired him greatly. Victor Hugo, another famous French writer, said -that Cooper was greater than any novelist living at that time. Many of -Cooper’s readers gave him the title of “The American Walter Scott.” - -Cooper was born at Burlington, New Jersey, September 15, 1789. His -boyhood was spent in the wild country around Otsego Lake, New York. His -father was a judge and a member of Congress. Cooper entered Yale at the -early age of fourteen, and was the youngest student on the rolls. - -At college he did not pay much attention to his studies, and in fact -was rather wayward. Before he had even completed his junior year, his -resignation was requested. His father interceded for him; but it was -useless. The young man then entered the United States navy; but, after -becoming a midshipman, he resigned to marry. He then settled down in -Westchester County, New York. His home life proved to be most happy. - -He published his first book, “Precaution,” anonymously. Then came “The -Spy,” in 1821, a success from the very first. Many novels followed in -rapid succession. In 1826 he went to Paris, where he published “The -Prairie,” which many consider the best of all his books. He became very -popular abroad. The most distinguished people of Europe felt honored to -entertain him. - -In 1833 he returned to America, where he discovered that his popularity -was declining, as American critics did not believe that his later -books were measuring up to his earlier standard. He resented the sharp -criticism of several of his writings, and much ill feeling grew up -between the novelist and the public. - -In particular he was on bad terms with his neighbors in the village -of Cooperstown, New York, where he lived. This came to a climax -in a fierce quarrel over the ownership of a bit of woodland which -extended into the lake near his home, Otsego Hall. Cooper won in the -courts;--but the villagers evened things up with him by personal -attacks. Law-suits followed one after another. Although Cooper -pretended indifference to public opinion, nevertheless he suffered -under the abusive attacks. - -Cooper was not on intimate terms with the prominent literary men of his -day. Toward the end of his life he loved his home more and more. He -was fond of walking in the woods and fields, and, as he himself said, -he had “an old man’s yearning for the solemn shadows of the trees.” -On September 14, 1851, he died peacefully in his home at Cooperstown, -surrounded by members of his family. - - PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION - ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 6, SERIAL No. 106 - COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC. - - - - -AMERICAN PIONEER PROSE WRITERS - -By HAMILTON W. MABIE - -_Author and Critic_ - -[Illustration: FRANKLIN IN 1784 - -MODELED BY GIUSEPPE CENACHI] - -THE MENTOR - -MAY 1, 1916 · DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE - - MENTOR GRAVURES - - JONATHAN EDWARDS - BENJAMIN FRANKLIN - CHARLES BROCKDEN BROWN - WASHINGTON IRVING - JAMES KIRKE PAULDING - JAMES FENIMORE COOPER - - -[Illustration: JONATHAN EDWARDS’ MEETING HOUSE - -Built 1737--Torn down 1812] - -The literatures of the great nations have begun with the childhood of -those nations; that is to say, with fairy tales and legends and songs -of heroism; with Homer’s “Iliad” and “Odyssey,” the Song of Beowulf -(bay´-o-wulf), to name a few among many of the great beginnings of -writing. In this country the pioneer writers shared the conditions of -the pioneer builders of homes and communities. They were not, however, -a people in their intellectual infancy. The country was new; but the -people were old. They had all left literature of a high order behind -them. Many of them must have been familiar with poetry and prose in -English, French, and German, to say nothing of the classic literature -which the scholars knew; and there were many scholars, north and south, -among the early settlers. - -The exploration and settlement of the country was a great adventure, -which involved not only peril, but very hard work. In every colony -people had to begin at the beginning,--to get roofs over their heads -to protect them from the climate, to raise the things they were to -eat, to protect themselves from the Indians,--to do a thousand things -of which people of our day are unconscious because they were done so -long ago. The distances between the colonies were great, the means of -communication were slow and infrequent, and the colonists knew very -little of one another. They were isolated communities, not in any -sense a nation. And so the early writing was the expression of the -experiences and convictions of small communities. There cannot be a -national literature until there is a national consciousness; and in the -early days in America there was not even a sectional consciousness. -There was only local consciousness. - -[Illustration: THE JONATHAN EDWARDS ELM, Northampton, Mass. - -Set by Jonathan Edwards in 1730--The house of Josiah D. Whitney stands -on the right of Edwards’ house] - -The first book written on the continent was by that flamboyant, but -very versatile Virginia colonist, Captain John Smith; a brave soldier, -with a very warm and highly inventive imagination, whose habit of -boasting has robbed him of a great deal of credit which really belonged -to him. He wrote an account of adventures in Virginia, which may be -taken as the beginning of American writing, and still has value. There -was a long interval during which the writing of the colonists was -devoted to theological discussion, or to accounts of the new world in -which they were living. - -A large part of the early writings of New England was more or less -theological; but none of this writing rose to the rank of literature -until Jonathan Edwards appeared in the first half of the eighteenth -century. - - -JONATHAN EDWARDS - -The son of a minister who was a lover of learning as well as of -religion, like a great many other ministers of his time in New England, -who prepared young men for college, and gave his daughters the same -kind of instruction in the same subjects. Edwards was also the grandson -of a minister on his mother’s side; and his ancestry, like his -descendants, was notable for intellectual vigor. He graduated from Yale -College at the age of thirteen,--not an uncommon happening in that day -of few entrance requirements,--and the qualities of his mind and the -direction of his taste are indicated by the fact that he was already -making notes on the mind and on natural philosophy. He studied for the -ministry, and when he was twenty-four years old settled at Northampton, -Massachusetts, where he was fortunate enough to marry a woman as -remarkable as himself, of whom he wrote a description which has become -a classic in the literature of love. Edwards was pursued by a haunting -sense of sinfulness, and the depravity of the world often weighed -heavily upon him. Mrs. Edwards happily combined a piety equal to that -of her husband with great cheerfulness of disposition. - -[Illustration: HOUSE IN BOSTON IN WHICH FRANKLIN WAS BORN, 1706] - -[Illustration: MEDALLION OF FRANKLIN, Age 72 - -By Jean Baptiste Nini] - -[Illustration: FRANKLIN’S GRAVE - -Fifth and Arch Sts., Philadelphia] - - -EDWARDS AS AN AUTHOR - -A man of his intensity was certain to come into collision with some of -the ideas held by his contemporaries and with much of their practice; -and Edwards finally antagonized his congregation to such a degree -that at the age of fifty-six he preached his farewell sermon. Several -avenues of work were open to him, for he had become a man of wide -reputation; but he settled at Stockbridge, Massachusetts, and wrote -in the quiet of what was then a wilderness his famous treatise on “The -Freedom of the Will,” which is probably the most important American -contribution to philosophy. It is his sermons, however, rather than his -treatises, which entitle his work to a place in the history of American -literature. Between eleven and twelve hundred of these sermons are -preserved in Yale University Library. They are characterized by great -vigor of thought, intensity of feeling, and often impressive power of -statement. One of them, more famous, though in some respects not so -true a piece of literature as others, “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry -God,” created great commotion in its time, and the glow of the fire -which possessed the preacher has not yet wholly faded from its pages. - -[Illustration: FRANKLIN, from a painting by D. Martin] - - -LITERATURE OF THE REVOLUTION - -As the War of the Revolution approached the colonists began to have -hopes and fears in common, and the war was preceded by a war of words. -The grievances of the colonists were stated many times, sometimes with -great force of reasoning and clearness; and a literature of discussion -and debate, which reached the public largely through pamphlets, came -into existence. Samuel Adams of Massachusetts wrote a stirring defense -of the rights of the colonists. James Adams, James Otis, and Thomas -Jefferson came to the front in this discussion; and their writing took -on the dignity of literature. - -[Illustration: FRANKLIN] - - -THOMAS PAINE - -One of the most vigorous contributors to this discussion was Thomas -Paine, an Englishman by birth, whose ability as a writer attracted the -attention of Benjamin Franklin, then in London, at whose suggestion -Paine came to America. He had already made himself somewhat noted as -a radical critic of the English government and political system, and -within a year of his arrival in this country became editor of the -Pennsylvania Magazine. His “Common Sense,” a pamphlet published in -1776, was a very vigorous argument in favor of severing all ties with -the mother country. The argument was put so strongly, and at the same -time with such simplicity, that it made a great impression on all -kinds of people, and the Pennsylvania legislature, in recognition of -the services he had rendered to the American cause, made him a gift -of five hundred pounds. This pamphlet was immediately translated into -various European languages. His “Crisis,” which was published from time -to time during the war, was also of great importance to the Americans, -and the first number was read by order of Washington to every regiment -in the colonial army. This was in the terrible winter of 1776, and -the spirit and courage expressed in these papers did much to relieve -the despondency of the time. The “Age of Reason,” an attack on the -Bible, published in 1794, shocked the world, and so beclouded Paine’s -reputation that his great service to the country has been largely -overlooked. - -[Illustration: CHARLES BROCKDEN BROWN - -By Wm. Dunlap--1806] - - -BENJAMIN FRANKLIN - -If one wanted to name three men who are in a supreme degree -representative of three leading American types, he would not go far -astray if he named Franklin, Emerson, and Lincoln. Several years -before the Revolution Hume described Franklin as “The First and indeed -the first great Man of Letters in America”; and Dr. Johnson, in that -most delightful exploitation of ignorance and eloquence, “Taxation No -Tyranny,” described him as “a master of mischief.” Franklin was then -one of the foremost representatives of the colonists, and one of the -most ardent advocates of their claims. For thirty years Europe knew -more about him than any other man in America, not excepting Washington. -He was a Bostonian by birth, the son of a tallow chandler. He had a -casual contact with the Boston Latin School; but his formal education -was finished in his eleventh year, when he began to work as a general -utility boy in his father’s shop. He was fond of reading, and was -fortunate enough to possess Bunyan’s works, and a little later he was -reading Robinson Crusoe and other works by Defoe, who undoubtedly had -great influence on his style. His love of books inclined him to the -printer’s trade, and his self-education went on rapidly. Another piece -of good fortune was finding a volume of the Spectator. He has given a -very interesting account of his use of this classic of sound, clear -English prose, and has described its influence on his language and -style. Then he read Xenophon’s “Memorabilia,” which gave him a clear -idea of the Socratic method of discussion. At the age of fifteen he was -already writing for the colonial press, contributing essays notable for -their very sensible moralizing and their practical wisdom; for Franklin -was, and still is, the representative of American practical sagacity -and commonsense. - - -POOR RICHARD’S ALMANAC - -Fame and fortune came to him with the publication of Poor Richard’s -Almanac, which began in 1732 and was continued for a quarter of a -century. These almanacs went into almost every house in America, -and served not only as calendars, lists of events, warnings about -the weather, with doggerel verses, but furnished proverbs of a very -practical character, and also margins on which all sorts of notes could -be written. “Keep thy shop and thy shop will keep thee,” is a good -example of “Poor Richard’s” practical wisdom. His personal experience -at home and abroad made Franklin in many ways the most conspicuous -American of his time. His industry is shown by the fact that his work -fills a hundred and seven volumes. In this mass of writing, of greatest -importance is his Autobiography, which told the story of his life from -his childhood to his arrival in London in 1757. It is a straight, -clear, unpretentious piece of writing, and, all things considered, -must be considered one of the most important original contributions to -American literature. - -[Illustration: MATILDA HOFFMAN - -By Malbone] - -[Illustration: WASHINGTON IRVING - -From the painting by Gilbert Stuart Newton] - -[Illustration: BUST OF IRVING IN BRYANT PARK, NEW YORK CITY] - - -JOHN WOOLMAN - -[Illustration: SUNNYSIDE, IRVING’S HOME NEAR TARRYTOWN, N. Y.] - -[Illustration: TABLET BY V. D. BRENNER, ON WASHINGTON IRVING HIGH -SCHOOL, NEW YORK CITY] - -If John Woolman’s work had borne any resemblance to that of Jonathan -Edwards, Charles Lamb would never have said of it, “Learn Woolman’s -work by heart.” It was as far as possible removed from the Dantesque -vigor of the Puritan preacher. Woolman was a Quaker, born in New -Jersey, with very few educational opportunities, but of a naturally -religious nature, and seemed early, though in a perfectly normal way, -to have thought of the world as the creation of a great and benignant -God. Like many other naturally serious youths of his time, as of -Bunyan’s time, he was sorely beset by a consciousness of sinfulness, -which he expressed in terms that today seem morbid in their intensity. -He accused himself of offenses of which it is quite certain that -he was innocent; but he began very early to understand the gospel -of love and to desire above everything else to live in complete -harmony with the will of God. He was not satisfied, however, to do -this by simply obeying the law of righteousness or acquiescing in a -will which he could not oppose. He was eager to make his obedience -positive and active; so he became one of the earliest antislavery men -in the country, and one of the most ardent. His genius saved him from -fanaticism; while his simple earnestness and his effective appeal to -the higher ideals of his auditors made him a persuasive speaker. He -hated slavery; but he never attacked the slaveholder. His nature was -one of singular purity and harmony; and as he had no self-consciousness -and no ambition, and writing was simply a means of expression, his -nature got into his style. Although an illiterate Quaker, an English -critic declared that “He writes in a style of the most exquisite purity -and grace.” His Journal, which is considered one of the classics -of early American literature, is an unaffected and intimate record -of his thoughts, feelings, and experiences. It was begun in his -thirty-seventh year. It is not in any sense great literature; but it is -real literature, and as contrasted with all the colonial writing, save -that of Edwards and Franklin, it stands out by reason of the purity of -its style and the beauty of its feeling and thought. - -[Illustration: JAMES K. PAULDING, by Jarvis] - -The note of mystery was struck early in American writing, “Peter Rugg,” -by William Austin, appearing in the New England Galaxy in 1824-1826. - - -CHARLES BROCKDEN BROWN - -Charles Brockden Brown’s stories were published still earlier; and -he is often spoken of as the predecessor of Hawthorne. Like Francis -Hopkinson, he was a Philadelphian, who studied law and made literature -his profession. His first novel, “Wieland, or The Transformation,” was -a story of ventriloquism, very artificial, but skilful and interesting. -This was followed by a much more striking tale, “Edgar Huntley,” a -tale of terror, which seemed to predict Poe, and this in turn by three -or four other novels. Brown was an industrious man, and his activity -extended into other fields. He published a number of pamphlets and -semiscientific treatises. His work had little permanent value. It was -sentimental and unreal, and lacked art; but its morbid psychology and a -certain kind of intensity gave it popularity at the time. - -[Illustration: PAULDING’S HOME AT PLEASANT VALLEY, N. Y.] - - -WASHINGTON IRVING - -American literature in the strictest sense of the word really began -in the city of New York with the publication of Washington Irving’s -Knickerbocker History of New York. New York was then the most -cosmopolitan of all cities of the New World, as it was the largest. -It was a pleasant town of twenty-five thousand people, and it had -picturesque traditions; for it was first settled by the Dutch, who had, -in a way, taken possession of the Hudson River. They were followed -in turn by the English, and still later there was a large influx of -French Huguenots. When the Revolution broke out eighteen languages were -already spoken in the city of New York. It was natural, therefore, -that the literature of imagination, of humor, and of sentiment should -find a soil in the cosmopolitan society of the town; and Irving, who -was born in the year in which the British troops embarked for England, -who declined to go to college, as his brothers had gone, but read -law and, probably with greater avidity, books of general literature, -and was a lover of nature, had both the temperament and the taste to -write gentle satire. He was a born observer and loiterer, a man who -saw and felt and meditated. He had the high spirit of youth, and when -he returned in 1806 from Europe he was still a young man, and there -were some other gifted young men in New York to keep him company. They -published anonymously a series of semi-humorous, satirical comments -on men, women, and things social, dramatic, and literary, under the -title “Salmagundi,” and in these papers Irving’s humor, sentiment, -and delightful style were conspicuous. They were followed by the -Knickerbocker History of New York, in which the audacious young man -broadly burlesqued the ancestors of some of the foremost people in New -York. It was good-natured; but it gave great offense. It was, however, -the first book of quality and feeling written by an American. In 1815 -Irving went to Europe a second time, and did not return until 1832. -During that interval he published two books, which made a reputation -for him on both sides of the Atlantic, “Bracebridge Hall” and “The -Sketch-Book.” These books made the colonists, irritated by their long -discussion with England, more tolerant of the mother country, because -they recalled places and customs that had been dear to their ancestors, -or to their own youth. Thackeray called Irving “the first ambassador -whom the new world of letters sent to the old.” - -[Illustration: BIRTHPLACE OF COOPER, Burlington, N. J. - -The center house is the home of Capt. James Lawrence] - -[Illustration: OTSEGO HALL, COOPERSTOWN, N. Y. - -Cooper’s boyhood home] - -[Illustration: COOPER IN 1822, painted by J. W. Jarvis] - - -JAMES K. PAULDING - -One of the most prominent members of the little company of young men -subsequently known as the Knickerbocker writers, who were all friends -of Irving, was James K. Paulding, whose youth fell in the period of the -Revolutionary War. In consequence he received very little education, -but had great vigor of mind and energy of character. He early became -acquainted with Washington Irving, and a strong friendship grew up -between them. Paulding was one of the contributors to the Salmagundi -papers, and began early to write for various periodicals. His diverting -history of “John Bull and Brother Jonathan” passed through many -editions, and his satirical tendency made him popular at a time when -the feeling in this country against Great Britain was very strong. -A pamphlet entitled “The United States and England,” which appeared -in 1814, secured political preferment for Paulding, and he was made -secretary to the first board of navy commissioners. A story published -in 1831, “The Dutchman’s Fireside,” founded on an earlier description -of the manners of the early Dutch settlers, was his most successful -production, passing through six editions in a year, and being -republished abroad and translated into several languages. Paulding’s -talent, although genuine, was not distinctive enough to secure his -permanent reputation; but he remains a very interesting figure in a -group of delightful writers, and his early skits, if they may be so -called, were very keen satirical comments on some offensive British -traits and qualities. - - -JAMES FENIMORE COOPER - -[Illustration: BUST OF COOPER - -David d’Angers--1828] - -[Illustration: LEATHER STOCKING MONUMENT AT COOPERSTOWN] - -Cooper, who was also a New Yorker, published “The Spy” in 1821. -“Precaution,” his first effort in fiction, which had already appeared, -was a study of English society life, about which Cooper knew very -little, and it was a failure. In “The Spy,” Cooper knew his ground -and his people. He had spent much of his boyhood at Cooperstown, in -central New York, near the scene of much of the Indian fighting. He -had heard stories of adventure from Indian fighters and trappers. Many -of the men who had fought in the American ranks during the War of the -Revolution were still living. “The Spy” was instantly popular, because -it was the first really American novel written by an American. It dealt -with a very interesting character, Harvey Birch; and it appealed alike -to the men who knew of the war from experience, and to those who had -been brought up to revere the veterans of the Revolution. Europe, too, -was intensely curious about the Indian, and the stories that followed, -especially those in the Leather Stocking Tales, were translated into -almost every European tongue, and are still read in all parts of the -Old World. Boys in remote German villages are still playing Cooper’s -Indians. - -Cooper was a very uneven writer, careless, and indifferent about -artistic effects. He was often diffuse and often commonplace, and he -had not much skill in drawing portraits of men and women; but he could -tell a story rapidly and dramatically. He knew how to keep his readers -in suspense, and he knew nature, both on land and at sea. - - -SUPPLEMENTARY READING - - INTRODUCTION TO AMERICAN LITERATURE _By Henry S. Pancoast_ - - BRIEF HISTORY OF AMERICAN LITERATURE _By W. P. Trent_ - An excellent treatment of the subject - in brief. - - A STUDY OF PROSE FICTION _By Bliss Perry_ - A scholarly work by a distinguished - critical writer. - - ASPECTS OF FICTION _By Brander Matthews_ - An informing and also a charming - literary study by a recognized - authority. - - LITERARY HISTORY OF AMERICA _By Prof. Barrett Wendell_ - - HISTORY OF LITERATURE IN AMERICA _By Prof. Barrett Wendell - and C. N. Greenough_ - A condensed survey of the subject. - - MATERIALS AND METHODS OF FICTION _By Clayton Hamilton_ - A simple, interesting, practical book. - - AMERICAN LANDS AND LETTERS _By Donald G. Mitchell (Ik Marvel)_ - A most attractive work, valuable in - its informing qualities, and written - in most delightful style by the - author of “Reveries of a Bachelor.” - - - - -THE OPEN LETTER - - -Why The Mentor? What’s in the name? We might have chosen any one -of fifty names beside The Mentor. We had a list of fully 100 names -before we made our selection. And the material that we have supplied -under the name of “Mentor” would have served its purpose as well -under another name. But we chose our name very carefully. There’s a -reason for “Mentor.” And yet, although we are now a little over three -years old and number nearly 100,000 in membership, no one has asked -the reason--at least until a few weeks ago. Then one of our earliest -members put the question, “What or who is The Mentor?” The question was -slow in coming, but I am glad it is here, because the answer is worth -while. - - * * * * * - -Mentor was a very worthy individual of ancient Greece. You can read -about him in Homer’s “Odyssey.” He was the son of Alcimus and the -faithful friend of Ulysses (Odysseus). When Ulysses set forth on his -long wanderings, he consigned his household and his family, including -his son Telemachus to the care of his friend Mentor. So faithful was -Mentor in his attention to Telemachus and so serviceable to him in -precept and example that his name has now come to be used in the sense -of a wise and trustworthy advisor--“a wise and faithful guide and -friend” as a modern dictionary phrases it. - - * * * * * - -The name of Mentor was brought down nearer to our time by the eminent -French writer, philosopher, and churchman, Fenelon, archbishop of -Cambria. He lived in the time of the Grand Monarch, Louis XIV, and -so wise and cultivated was he that the king made him tutor to his -grandson, the Duke of Burgundy, eldest son of the dauphin, and eventual -heir to the throne. In the course of his tutorship, and for purposes of -instruction, Fenelon wrote several remarkable books--prose poems, in -their way, but each having a distinct moral purpose either religious -or political. In one of these, published in 1699, and entitled -“Telemaque,” Fenelon recounts the adventures of the son of Ulysses in -search of his father. It is a Utopian novel dealing with conditions of -life in an idealistic way, and hovering between dreams and realities. -Its object was to educate the young Duke of Burgundy’s mind to the -highest purposes of life as they should be regarded by royalty--to keep -before his eyes the “great and holy maxim that kings exist for the sake -of their subjects, not subjects for the sake of kings.” In this book -the character of “Mentor” figures prominently. His aims are educational -in a gentle, lofty way, his hope being, as he puts it himself, “to -change the tastes and habits of the people.” - - * * * * * - -It was more due to Fenelon’s employment of the character of “Mentor” -than to that of Homer, that the name “Mentor” came into use as a modern -word. “Mentor” now stands for a wise instructor and a guide, but, first -and foremost, a friend. The underlying principle of “Mentor” is an -interest in the welfare and improvement of others, and the dominating -purpose of his life is _service_ to others. - - * * * * * - -So for that reason we selected the name. And when we made the selection -we thought that we were the first to use the name in the field of -periodical publication. We lived in that illusion but a short time. -Scarcely six months had gone by before we learned anew the old lesson -that the world is small and that there are many active minds in it. One -morning a plain, unpretentious periodical came into our office bearing -on its front the title “The Mentor,” and with it came a friendly -letter of greeting from its editor. The place of publication was the -Charlestown Jail, and the object of the periodical was to reflect in -prose and verse the daily life of the occupants of that quiet and -secure retreat. The editor extended his greetings to me and asked me if -I would exchange with him--not positions, but periodicals. The request -was readily granted, and, as a result, we are now thoroughly informed -of the affairs of that substantial institution of Charlestown, and we -are carrying our message of information twice a month to the members of -the exclusive community located there. - -[Illustration: W. D. Moffat - -EDITOR] - - - - -THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION - - -ESTABLISHED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A POPULAR INTEREST IN ART, -LITERATURE, SCIENCE, HISTORY, NATURE, AND TRAVEL - -THE ADVISORY BOARD - - JOHN G. HIBBEN, _President of Princeton University_ - HAMILTON W. MABIE, _Author and Editor_ - JOHN C. VAN DYKE, _Professor of the History of Art, Rutgers College_ - ALBERT BUSHNELL HART, _Professor of Government, Harvard University_ - WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, _Director New York Zoological Park_ - DWIGHT L. ELMENDORF, _Lecturer and Traveler_ - -THE MENTOR IS PUBLISHED TWICE A MONTH - -SUBSCRIPTION, THREE DOLLARS A YEAR. FOREIGN POSTAGE 75 CENTS EXTRA. -CANADIAN POSTAGE 50 CENTS EXTRA. SINGLE COPIES FIFTEEN CENTS. -PRESIDENT, THOMAS H. BECK; VICE-PRESIDENT, WALTER P. TEN EYCK; -SECRETARY, W. D. MOFFAT; TREASURER, ROBERT M. DONALDSON; ASST. -TREASURER AND ASST. SECRETARY, J. S. CAMPBELL - - * * * * * - -COMPLETE YOUR MENTOR LIBRARY - -Subscriptions always begin with the current issue. The following -numbers of The Mentor Course, already issued, will be sent postpaid at -the rate of fifteen cents each. - - Serial - No. - - 1. Beautiful Children in Art - 2. Makers of American Poetry - 3. Washington, the Capital - 4. Beautiful Women in Art - 5. Romantic Ireland - 6. Masters of Music - 7. Natural Wonders of America - 8. Pictures We Love to Live With - 9. The Conquest of the Peaks - 10. Scotland, the Land of Song and Scenery - 11. Cherubs in Art - 12. Statues With a Story - 13. Story of America in Pictures: The Discoverers - 14. London - 15. The Story of Panama - 16. American Birds of Beauty - 17. Dutch Masterpieces - 18. Paris, the Incomparable - 19. Flowers of Decoration - 20. Makers of American Humor - 21. American Sea Painters - 22. Story of America in Pictures: The Explorers - 23. Sporting Vacations - 24. Switzerland: The Land of Scenic Splendors - 25. American Novelists - 26. American Landscape Painters - 27. Venice, the Island City - 28. The Wife in Art - 29. Great American Inventors - 30. Furniture and Its Makers - 31. Spain and Gibraltar - 32. Historic Spots of America - 33. Beautiful Buildings of the World - 34. Game Birds of America - 35. Story of America in Pictures: The Contest for North America - 36. Famous American Sculptors - 37. The Conquest of the Poles - 38. Napoleon - 39. The Mediterranean - 40. Angels in Art - 41. Famous Composers - 42. Egypt, the Land of Mystery - 43. Story of America in Pictures: The Revolution - 44. Famous English Poets - 45. Makers of American Art - 46. The Ruins of Rome - 47. Makers of Modern Opera - 48. Dürer and Holbein - 49. Vienna, the Queen City - 50. Ancient Athens - 51. The Barbizon Painters - 52. Abraham Lincoln - -Volume 2 - - 53. George Washington - 54. Mexico - 55. Famous American Women Painters - 56. The Conquest of the Air - 57. Court Painters of France - 58. Holland - 59. Our Feathered Friends - 60. Glacier National Park - 61. Michelangelo - 62. American Colonial Furniture - 63. American Wild Flowers - 64. Gothic Architecture - 65. The Story of the Rhine - 66. Shakespeare - 67. American Mural Painters - 68. Celebrated Animal Characters - 69. Japan - 70. The Story of the French Revolution - 71. Rugs and Rug Making - 72. Alaska - 73. Charles Dickens - 74. Grecian Masterpieces - 75. Fathers of the Constitution - 76. Masters of the Piano - -Volume 3 - - 77. American Historic Homes - 78. Beauty Spots of India - 79. Etchers and Etching - 80. Oliver Cromwell - 81. China - 82. Favorite Trees - 83. Yellowstone National Park - 84. Famous Women Writers of England - 85. Painters of Western Life - 86. China and Pottery of Our Forefathers - 87. The Story of The American Railroad - 88. Butterflies - 89. The Philippines - 90. Great Galleries of The World: The Louvre - 91. William M. Thackeray - 92. Grand Canyon of Arizona - 93. Architecture in American Country Homes - 94. The Story of The Danube - 95. Animals in Art - 96. The Holy Land - 97. John Milton - 98. Joan Of Arc - 99. Furniture of the Revolutionary Period - 100. The Ring of the Nibelung - -Volume 4 - - 101. The Golden Age of Greece - 102. Chinese Rugs - 103. The War of 1812 - 104. Great Galleries of the World: The National Gallery, London - 105. Masters of the Violin - - * * * * * - -THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. Inc., 52 East Nineteenth Street, New York, N. Y. - -Statement of the ownership, management, circulation, etc., required -by the Act of Congress of August 24, 1912, of The Mentor, published -semi-monthly at New York. N. Y., for April 1, 1916. State of New -York, County of New York. ss. Before me, a Notary Public in and for -the State and county aforesaid, personally appeared Thomas H. Beck, -who, having been duly sworn according to law, deposes and says that -he is the Publisher of The Mentor, and that the following is, to the -best of his knowledge and belief, a true statement of the ownership, -management, etc., of the aforesaid publication for the date shown in -the above caption, required by the Act of August 24, 1912, embodied in -section 443, Postal Laws and Regulations, to wit: (1) That the names -and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor, and business -managers are: Publisher, Thomas H. Beck, 52 East 19th Street, New -York; Editor, W. D. Moffat, 52 East 19th Street, New York; Managing -Editor, W. D. Moffat, 52 East 19th Street, New York; Business Manager, -Thomas H. Beck, 52 East 19th Street, New York. (2) That the owners -are: American Lithographic Company, 52 East 19th Street, New York; C. -Eddy, L. Ettlinger, J. P. Knapp, C. K. Mills, 52 East 19th Street, -New York; M. C. Herezog, 28 West 10th Street, New York; William T. -Harris, Villa Nova, Pa.; Mrs. M. E. Heppenheimer, 51 East 58th Street, -New York: Emilie Schumacher, Executrix for Luise E. Schumacher and -Walter L. Schumacher Mount Vernon, N. Y., Samuel Untermyer, 37 Wall -Street, New York. (3) That the known bondholders, mortgagees, and other -security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of total amount -of bonds, mortgages, or other securities, are: None. (4) That the two -paragraphs next above, giving the names of the owners, stockholders, -and security holders, if any, contain not only the list of stockholders -and security holders as they appear upon the books of the Company, but -also, in cases where the stockholder or security holder appears upon -the books of the Company as trustee or in any other fiduciary relation. -The name of the person or corporation for whom such trustee is acting, -is given; also that the said two paragraphs contain statements -embracing affiant’s full knowledge and belief as to the circumstances -and conditions under which stockholders and security holders who do -not appear upon the books of the Company as trustees, hold stock and -securities in a capacity other than that of a bona fide owner; and this -affiant has no reason to believe that any other person, association, -or corporation has any interest direct or indirect in the said stock, -bonds, or other securities than as so stated by him. Thomas H. Beck, -Publisher. Sworn to and subscribed before me this twenty-first day of -March, 1916. J. S. Campbell, Notary Public, Queens County. Certificate -filed in New York County. My commission expires March 30, 1917. - - - - -THE MENTOR - -THE MENTOR LIBRARY - - -Back numbers of The Mentor are as valuable now as at the date of issue. -Each individual copy goes to form a cumulative library--The Mentor -Library--comprising a collection of facts indispensable to any one who -wants to be well informed. - -In attractiveness, The Mentor Library cannot be surpassed. By -graphically and vividly depicting interesting persons, places, events, -and works of art, it makes it easy for you to accumulate a growing -store of “worth while” knowledge. - -An Opportunity to Complete Your Mentor Library - -All but a few of our members have already completed their sets. Some, -however, have delayed. This announcement is intended for these few. -Please act quickly, for you may not have another opportunity to procure -all the previous issues on these special terms. - - Issues Nos. 1 to 100 inclusive $15.00 - Issues Nos. 1 to 90 inclusive 13.50 - Issues Nos. 1 to 80 inclusive 12.00 - Issues Nos. 1 to 70 inclusive 10.50 - Issues Nos. 1 to 60 inclusive 9.00 - Issues Nos. 1 to 50 inclusive 7.50 - Issues Nos. 1 to 40 inclusive 6.00 - Issues Nos. 1 to 30 inclusive 4.50 - Issues Nos. 1 to 20 inclusive 3.00 - Issues Nos. 1 to 10 inclusive 1.50 - -SINGLE COPIES FIFTEEN CENTS EACH - -Payable $1 on Receipt of Bill and $2 Monthly - -SEND NO MONEY NOW! Merely assure your being among the possessors of -complete Mentor Libraries by sending us your name and address, together -with a statement of the issues that you desire. - -THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION - -52 EAST NINETEENTH STREET--NEW YORK, N. 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