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diff --git a/old/51250.txt b/old/51250.txt deleted file mode 100644 index c409753..0000000 --- a/old/51250.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,22928 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Thirty-Ninth Regiment Massachusetts -Volunteers, 1862-1865, by Alfred S. (Alfred Seelye) Roe - - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - - -Title: The Thirty-Ninth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, 1862-1865 - - -Author: Alfred S. (Alfred Seelye) Roe - - - -Release Date: February 19, 2016 [eBook #51250] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE THIRTY-NINTH REGIMENT -MASSACHUSETTS VOLUNTEERS, 1862-1865*** - - -E-text prepared by Christopher Wright and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made -available by Internet Archive (https://archive.org) - - - -Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this - file which includes the original illustrations. - See 51250-h.htm or 51250-h.zip: - (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/51250/51250-h/51250-h.htm) - or - (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/51250/51250-h.zip) - - - Images of the original pages are available through - Internet Archive. See - https://archive.org/details/cu31924030906915 - - -Transcriber's note: - - Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). - - Text in the Index enclosed by equal signs is in bold - face (=bold=). - - - - - -[Illustration: COLONEL P. STEARNS DAVIS] - - -THE THIRTY-NINTH REGIMENT MASSACHUSETTS VOLUNTEERS -1862-1865 - -by - -ALFRED S. ROE - -A Veteran of the Civil War - -Regimental Committee on History -John H. Dusseault, Chairman -J. Fred. Leslie, Secretary -Geo. F. Moses, Treasurer -John F. Locke -Wm. P. Brown[A] -Milton F. Roberts -Channing Whittaker[A] - - - - - - - -[Illustration] - -Published by the -Regimental Veteran Association -Worcester, Massachusetts -1914 - -Copyright, 1914, by -Thirty-Ninth Regiment -Veteran Association - -The Commonwealth Press -Worcester, Mass. - - - - -CONTENTS - - PREFACE 1 - BATTLES IN WHICH THE THIRTY-NINTH BORE A PART 6 - IN THE BEGINNING 7 - LYNNFIELD 11 - COMPANY A 12 - COMPANY B. 13 - COMPANY C. 14 - COMPANY D. 15 - COMPANY E. 16 - COMPANY G. 17 - COMPANY H. 19 - COMPANY I. 20 - COMPANY K. 22 - BOXFORD 24 - BOXFORD TO WASHINGTON. 26 - POTOMAC CROSSED. 31 - ON THE MARCH. 34 - PICKET DUTY. 38 - STUART'S RAID. 40 - MOVING AGAIN 43 - OFFUTT'S CROSS ROADS 47 - POOLESVILLE 52 - 1863 56 - A RAINY MARCH 65 - WASHINGTON. 68 - JOINING THE POTOMAC ARMY 80 - AT THE FRONT 83 - IN VIRGINIA 89 - FIRST ARMY CORPS. 94 - FIRST ANNIVERSARY. 102 - THE RAPIDAN. 106 - A BACKWARD MOVE 110 - CAMPAIGN OF MANEUVERS. 113 - BRANDY STATION 124 - MINE RUN 126 - TOWARDS WINTER QUARTERS 133 - MITCHELL'S STATION 136 - 1864 137 - MASONIC LODGE 145 - MITCHELL'S STATION AND THE SCHOOL IN CAMP 146 - STILL IN CAMP. 150 - THE WILDERNESS 161 - THE BATTLE OF THE WILDERNESS By Channing Whittaker 172 - SPOTTSYLVANIA 178 - NORTH ANNA RIVER 204 - COLD HARBOR 209 - TOWARDS THE JAMES RIVER 215 - PETERSBURG 219 - 1865. 269 - IN REBEL PRISONS. 296 - CORPORAL F. A. GLINES' DIARY. 299 - CORPORAL JOHN E. HORTON'S DIARY. 303 - FROM DIARY OF CORPORAL EDWARD H. LEWIS, CO. B. 306 - JOHN F. LOCKE'S RECOLLECTIONS. 308 - SERGT. MAJOR C. K. CONN 317 - J. F. LESLIE'S RUSE 318 - CORPORAL CHARLES H. BARNES' STORY. 319 - REGIMENTAL VETERAN ASSOCIATION 322 - REGIMENTAL ROSTER 330 - FIELD AND STAFF COLONELS 333 - LIEUTENANT COLONELS 335 - MAJORS 336 - ADJUTANTS 337 - QUARTERMASTER 337 - SURGEONS 338 - ASSISTANT SURGEONS 338 - CHAPLAIN 338 - NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF 339 - COMPANY A 340 - COMPANY B 353 - COMPANY C 365 - COMPANY D. 378 - COMPANY E 389 - COMPANY F 401 - COMPANY G 414 - COMPANY H 425 - COMPANY I 436 - COMPANY K 449 - TABLE OF AGGREGATES. 466 - INDEX 467 - - - - -PREFACE - - -More than fifty years after the organization of the Thirty-ninth -Regiment and its departure for the seat of war, its printed history -makes its appearance. The long delay has not arisen from any lack of -desire for its preparation, nor on account of want of material. For -many long years it was supposed that the recital was in preparation, -but the comrade to whom the task was intrusted went away into the other -world before its completion, and survivors of the Regiment began to -wonder if their story of long marches, fierce fighting and unspeakable -suffering in Rebel prisons ever would be told. At the annual reunion of -the Veteran Association in 1911 it was voted to proceed with the long -cherished proposition, and a committee was appointed to carry out the -proposal; after two years and a half the survivors of that committee -present this volume to the patient waiters among the living veterans -and to the families and descendants of those who have made the final -crossing. - -Readers of the book should bear in mind that it is very far from being -a history of the war, nor does it discuss campaigns and battles in -their entirety; on the contrary every effort has been made to describe -the part borne by the Regiment in said campaigns and engagements. -Long shelves in the large libraries of the country are already laden -with great volumes descriptive of the War of the Rebellion as a whole -and of detached portions thereof; as many more have been written -of eminent individual experience, like the recollections of Grant, -Sherman, Sheridan on the Union side and of Beauregard, Johnston -and Longstreet among the Confederates, but the story of the great -struggle will not be fully told until that of every regiment finds its -way into print. Regimental histories occupy a golden mean between -the comprehensiveness of the general history and the minuteness of -individual records. - -Massachusetts veterans can not be too grateful that the Commonwealth in -its wisdom, a number of years ago, offered to assist in the preparation -and publication of regimental histories by the purchase of five hundred -copies of the same, under certain conditions of size and contents. In -this manner and otherwise, more than one-half of the organizations -of the Bay State which participated in the effort to maintain the -Union have been written and it is hoped that the generosity of the -Commonwealth and the courage of the veterans will continue until every -regiment, battery and battalion will have been adequately described. -While those who made the history are rapidly passing over the divide -'twixt life and death, and personal recollections are more difficult to -obtain, yet their stories are not written so much, at this late date, -from word of mouth as from letters, diaries and jottings made at the -time and now are carefully preserved either by the writers or those to -whom they have passed as precious legacies. - -A history like this of the Thirty-ninth represents many letters written -to veterans or to their surviving families in the effort to secure for -transcription whatever note the soldier may have made in camp, field -or prison-pen, bearing on the period in which the writer wore the -blue. In several cases, through fear of losing the precious documents, -friends of deceased soldiers have declined to lend them for use; of -course it is too late to secure them for utility in this instance but, -for the sake of other efforts in this direction, let us hope that -those people possessing any written observations on the trying times -of 1861-'65 will freely proffer their employment by those interested -in their permanent preservation. It is a lamentable fact that many -papers prepared under the fire of the enemy or, at least, in that -indefinite region known as the "Front," have disappeared through the -extra diligence of careful housekeepers and the general dislike of "old -things lying 'round." - -While many months in the earlier portions of the service of the -Thirty-ninth were devoted to drill and thorough preparation, including -a prolonged stay in the city of Washington, yet the call to the field, -soon after Gettysburg, was so obeyed that before the seal of Appomattox -was set upon the fate of the Confederacy, Colonel Davis' men had proved -beyond any chance for cavil that they were of the same stuff that had -rallied so readily at Concord and Lexington; had bled in the streets -of Baltimore and, on the decks of the Constitution and the Monitor, -had shown the world what was meant by resistance to tyranny. Its first -officer was killed at the front; the third mortally wounded, and the -second so severely injured that his life was long despaired of and -seemingly was saved as by a miracle. At the Weldon R. R., on the 19th -of August, 1864, so completely was the Regiment swept off the field, -through no fault of its own, its organization was nearly lost, and the -deaths in the prisons of the South of these victims exceeded those of -all other Massachusetts Infantry Regiments with a single exception. - -In seeking printed data for condensation in this narrative the -committee was rewarded in finding in the Fourth Volume of the Printed -Papers of the Massachusetts Military Historical Society a very -clear and interesting description of the "Operations of the Army of -the Potomac, May 7-11, 1864" by Brevet Brigadier-General Charles -Lawrence Peirson, the universally loved and respected Colonel of the -Thirty-ninth, and from his observations liberal abstracts have been -made for the edification of readers of this history. In the same volume -also are found papers by Captain Charles H. Porter, Companies D and A -of the Regiment, and always so active in the councils of the Veteran -Association, who discusses the "Opening of the Campaign of 1864" and -the "Battle of Cold Harbor," valuable in considering the parts taken -in those incidents by the Regiment in which he served. Access also has -been had to typewritten papers on the part borne by the Fifth Corps in -the last three days of March, '65, and "The Fifth Corps at Five Forks" -also prepared by Captain Porter and which have proved of great utility -in this compilation. - -Naturally, the papers of General Peirson and Captain Porter are of a -general character, somewhat removed from the individual, but quite the -reverse is found in the well preserved accounts of company experience -as presented in contributions to the Woburn Journal by Albert P. -Barrett of Co. K, to the Medford Mercury by John S. Beck of "C" and in -the monograph of Lieut. John H. Dusseault of Company E. Unfortunately, -the spirited story, as told by the Woburn scribe, goes no further than -the Mine Run campaign, leaving the reader longing for a continuation -of his glowing recital; Diarist Beck returns his comrades, those who -survived, to their home-town, while the Somerville chronicler, whose -observations are clear and instructive up to the date of his wound and -consequent invalidism is compelled to end his direct comments on that -direful August day of '64 at the Weldon R. R. However, whether general -or specific, extended or condensed, the readers of the history owe much -to the careful annalist of those trying days of the early sixties. - -Thanks are due the survivors who by their answers to circular letters -rendered possible the exceedingly full roster, wherein are found the -individual records whence must be drawn in coming years the facts for -those seeking admission to patriotic organizations on the strength of -ancestral service in preserving the Union. It is a source of regret -that data could not be obtained for extending the descriptive list -of every name in the Regiment. Especially are thanks due to General -Peirson for his unflagging interest in the work of preparation and -for his generosity in helping on the undertaking. The committee -representing the Veteran Association is entitled to the thanks of all -concerned for its careful attention to details, for the time given -to rehearsals of the story as it progressed and for its unfailing -willingness and promptness in assisting in every possible manner. At -the same time it is impossible to suppress the regrets that inevitably -rise over the seemingly untimely deaths of comrades Brown and -Whittaker. Possibly no one had been more prominent than the first named -in laying out the work and securing data for the story, but he was -called away in the very midst of the preparation; Comrade Whittaker -entered into the scheme with all the zeal and ardor so characteristic -of his intense nature, and died, as it were, pen in hand, inditing the -story of the terrible opening of The Battle Summer as he remembered it. - -Thanks also should be rendered to the Brothers Mentzer and Mitchell -of "A" for anecdotes and incidents; to Geo. V. Shedd and Edward H. -Lewis of "B" for the use of their diaries; to the family of the late -John S. Beck of "C" for the loan of his well preserved diary, and to -M. F. Roberts for other Company C facts; to the widow of Captain C. -H. Porter, "D" and "A," for the use of his scrapbook, manuscripts -and other data; to Lieut. J. H. Dusseault, "E," for his accurate and -interesting account of the Somerville Company; to the family of John -E. Horton for his painstaking diary; and to Ex-mayor Edward Glines, -Somerville, for the use of the carefully kept diary of his brother -Frederick A.; to Lieut. Jas. E. Seaver, secretary of the Old Colony -Historical Society, Taunton, for valuable data concerning Company F, -its officers and men; to Lieut. Chas. H. Chapman and Sergt. J. H. -Prouty, "G," for facts concerning that company; to George Monk, "H," -for his brother Robert's diary; to Lieut. H. F. Felch, W. H. Garfield -and the Hon. H. C. Mulligan, son of Lieut. Simon Mulligan, for facts -pertaining to Company I; and to the family of A. P. Barrett, "K," -for the scrapbook having his letters to the Woburn Journal; George -E. Fowle, Abijah Thompson and Capt. E. F. Wyer (Fifth M. V. M.) -for Company K data and incidents; to all those whose journals and -recollections rendered possible the unexcelled accounts of prison -experiences. Finally, all concerned unite in thanks to the ever -efficient and courteous corps of officers and assistants in the office -of the adjutant-general at the State House for favors there extended. - - Worcester, December, 1913 ALFRED S. ROE. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[A] DECEASED - - - - -BATTLES IN WHICH THE THIRTY-NINTH BORE A PART - - -1863 - - MINE RUN, November 28 - - -1864 - - WILDERNESS, May 5-7 - SPOTTSYLVANIA (Alsop's Farm and Laurel Hill), May 8-18 - NORTH ANNA RIVER, May 23 - COLD HARBOR, June 1-11 - PETERSBURG, June 17-August 17 - WELDON R. R., August 18-19 - - -1865 - - HATCHER'S RUN or DABNEY'S MILLS, February 6 - GRAVELLY RUN or WHITE OAK ROAD, March 31 - FIVE FORKS, April 1 - - SURRENDER AT APPOMATTOX, - April 9 - - - - -IN THE BEGINNING - - -While patriotism never flagged for a moment, and the determination -to maintain the Union at all hazards was still as strong as ever, it -must be confessed that the midsummer military outlook in 1862 was not -altogether inspiring for the Nation. Whatever hopes had been raised -by the success of Burnside in North Carolina, by Grant's campaign in -Tennessee, and through the occupation of New Orleans by the combined -forces of Butler and Farragut, they had been more than offset by the -failure of McClellan's efforts on the peninsula and the unfruitful -outcome of Halleck's movement against Corinth. An army that had -displayed prodigies of valor from Fair Oaks to Malvern Hill, now -catching its breath on the banks of the James River, and an enemy -leisurely departing from the depot which Halleck had thought thoroughly -invested, were bitter morsels for Northern people who had been led to -expect the capture of Richmond and a like fate for the rebel forces -which had fallen back from Shiloh. - -The slopes of Malvern were still red with the blood of fallen heroes -when President Lincoln, on the 4th of July, 1862, startled the nation -with a call for three hundred thousand additional troops. The land was -rapidly becoming one vast armed camp; Massachusetts already had sent -nearly or quite fifty thousand men into the army and navy, out of her -population of less than one and a half million people, but before the -year was done, the aggregate was swollen to more than eighty thousand. -Out of the great number called for, the assignment to Massachusetts -was fifteen thousand and, on the seventh of the month, Governor Andrew -formally presented the demand to the people of the Commonwealth. -Hitherto, there had been no regular apportionment, each division of -the state having been ready and anxious to aid in filling whatever -quota might be required. In this case there was a clear statement of -what each city and town, from Abington to Yarmouth would be expected to -do. - -Concerning the number called for, the president in a private telegram -to Governor Morgan of New York said, "It was thought safest to mark -high enough. I should not want the half of 300,000 new troops if I -could have them now. If I had 50,000 additional troops here now, I -believe I could substantially close the war in two weeks. But time is -everything; and if I get 50,000 new men in a month I shall have lost -20,000 old ones during the same month, having gained only 30,000 with -the difference between old and new troops still against me. The quicker -you send, the less you will have to send. Time is everything, please -act in view of this." All this time, it must be remembered, Governor -Andrew, in a mild way, was criticising the National Administration for -its failure to liberate the slaves and for not imposing upon them many -of the hardships borne by the regularly enlisted men. - -Nor were the needs of the Government satisfied with the demand of July -4th, however large it may have seemed, for, while the entire loyal -North was putting forth every possible effort to secure the required -enlistments there came from Washington, on the 4th of August, another -call for troops, this time also demanding three hundred thousand men, -just as though there were a never-ending source of supply. This call -was accompanied by the possibility of a draft, that most dreaded of -all methods for securing reinforcements, provided the volunteers did -not appear within a certain limited period; the apportionment, 19,080 -men, it will be observed was more than a fourth larger than that in -the preceding call, an excess explained on the basis that the total -number, 34,080, bore the same proportion to the 600,000, the sum of the -two calls, that the free population of Massachusetts did to the free -population in the states that had shown themselves loyal to the Union, -and were supporting the Government in the struggle. - -A very prominent question in the emergency was just how should the -newly enlisted men be placed; should they be added to regiments already -in the field or should new organizations be made for their reception? -Excellent arguments were offered on both sides; the question had been -discussed from the very moment that battles or disease had begun -making gaps in the ranks. When Mayor Isaac Davis, after the disastrous -engagement of Ball's Bluff, telegraphed to Colonel Charles Devens, of -the Fifteenth Massachusetts Infantry, asking what Worcester could do -for the regiment, the subsequently distinguished officer replied, "Send -us three hundred and ten men to fill our gaps; also a blanket and a -pair of mittens for each of us; that will do for the present." The good -mayor found it much easier to supply the woolen requirements than the -men, who, for certain reasons, were unwilling to enter an old regiment -where promotion would inevitably go to those who had been in the ranks -longest, and soldiering without the possibilities of promotion is dull -business. - -Those who have considered carefully the subject of war, its progress -and development, have, in many cases, taken occasion to censure some -of the Northern States, and especially Massachusetts, forgetful of the -fact that local feelings and a confidence in leaders whom the men know -go a long way in imparting confidence to the citizen soldier. Governor -John A. Andrew would have filled the old regiments, rather than form -new ones, and to the newly formed organizations he would have given -experienced officers instead of those elected by the men, but the -latter would not have it so. In this connection that great man is said -to have exclaimed, "Julius Caesar himself couldn't raise a company for -an old regiment as long as there is a shoemaker left to make a captain -of." The town system, so prominent a feature in New England life, -had much to do with the fellow-feeling in companies and when these -different companies, representing as many townships, all belonged -to the same county, seemingly little was left to be desired in the -background of the organization. - -The numbering of Massachusetts Infantry organizations had already -mounted to thirty before the call of the President in July, 1862. -Recruiting was very active, notwithstanding the horrors of war, so -graphically set forth in the daily press. Meetings to stimulate -enlistments were held throughout the Commonwealth, becoming a daily -occurrence in the City of Boston, where her historic buildings and -public places resounded with eloquence in behalf of the Union and -its preservation. Points of rendezvous were provided at Pittsfield, -Worcester, Lynnfield, Readville, and other places for regiments, while -Camp Cameron at North Cambridge was reserved for recruits to the -older organizations. Within two months from the issuing of Governor -Andrew's Order Number 26[B], dated July 7th, more than four thousand -men had been enlisted and sent forward to old regiments, nine new -ones had been raised and equipped, and eight of them had been sent -forward to strengthen the hands of the Government. So diligently had -the governor and his assistants labored, the dreaded draft was averted -and, long before the first snowfall, the last of the great demand upon -Massachusetts for the sons whom she had reared for other purposes, had -gone southward, gun in hand, following the flag. - -Sometimes regiments were raised by officers commissioned for this -purpose; in other cases companies were raised in cities or large -towns which, when full, were sent forward to the nearest rendezvous -and, when a sufficient number had been thus assembled, the regimental -organization followed. Many towns could not furnish men enough for a -company, so the men went forward in squads or individually and these -recruits either pieced out some company, not quite filled, or were -thrown together to constitute a new company, this being the case with -Company G of the Thirty-ninth, which had no central source like those -of the others. Lynnfield had been designated as the point to which -should be sent all Eastern Massachusetts volunteers for new regiments, -while to North Cambridge, Camp Cameron, were forwarded the men who had -enlisted in old organizations. These two points were to receive the -three years' soldiers from the counties of Barnstable, Bristol, Dukes, -Essex, Middlesex, Nantucket, Norfolk, Plymouth and Suffolk. Already in -Camp Edwin M. Stanton, Lynnfield, usually called Camp Stanton, were the -Thirty-fifth and the Thirty-eighth Regiments in process of formation -and along with the Thirty-ninth in reporting there was the Fortieth; -later came the Forty-first, the last of the three years' regiments -under the July call. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[B] The order wherein were given the quotas of all the towns in the -Commonwealth and the several conditions of enlistment. - - - - -LYNNFIELD - - -Several of the companies constituting the Thirty-ninth, had left -their respective towns under the belief that they were to join the -Thirty-fifth, but that organization and also the Thirty-eighth were -so far completed, that the numerals "39" became the designation of -the regiment, whose story is progressing here. Lynnfield had been a -rendezvous, already, for the Seventeenth, Nineteenth, Twenty-second and -Twenty-third regiments and, however satisfactory it may have proved for -those bodies, it was clearly inadequate to the demands of the several -thousand men to congregate here during July and August. Placed on a -branch railroad, it was difficult of access and did not have space -for the formation of a regimental line; so rapidly did the volunteers -report, they found only scant comforts in their rendezvous. While only -thirteen miles from Boston and being nearer still to Lynn, the rush of -recruits to the rendezvous sadly tried the resources of the commissary, -and made many a boy wish he were elsewhere. Says one observer, "No -preparation had been made for our reception; finally however, tents -were found for a portion of the company and we passed the first night -in camp in anything but a peaceful frame of mind or body. Quite a -number of the men left camp for home, or found quarters elsewhere. -Rations, too, were conspicuously absent and for a time we depended on -outside sources for our supply." Time, and patience however, relieved -many of these distresses. The companies as they reached camp were known -only by the name of the town whence they came, or that of the officer -who was in command. Their designation by letters of the alphabet came -later. Herewith follows a brief account of the several companies, their -respective beginnings, their organization and time of reporting at Camp -Stanton. - - - - -COMPANY A - -SOUTH DANVERS, since 1868 PEABODY. - - -The allotment of this town on account of the call for troops was -seventy-five. An enthusiastic meeting was held July 11, in the Town -Hall, over which B. C. Perkins presided and at which the Rev. Mr. -Barber and others spoke. A committee on resolutions was appointed -consisting of Messrs. F. Poole, Lewis Allen, John D. Poore, Alfred -McKenzie and Dr. George Osborne. A committee of nine members was also -appointed who were to assist or supervise enlistments. On the 21st, -the anniversary of the Battle of Bull Run, a special town meeting was -held at which it was voted to pay one hundred and fifty dollars' bounty -to each volunteer. Speeches were numerous and a committee of forty -citizens was appointed, five for each school district, to co-operate -with that of nine men already in existence. One-fourth of the quota -had been raised in two days. It was voted to borrow twelve thousand -dollars, and a committee was appointed to secure the money on time at -six per cent.; on the 25th, Friday, a great open air meeting was held -in the town square, a platform having been erected in front of the -Warren Bank Building. Isaac Hardy presided and spoke as did others. On -the next day, Saturday, the recruits, accompanied by about one hundred -citizens, under the direction of Roberts S. Daniels, Jr., and having a -brass band, marched from the recruiting station to Lynnfield, distant -several miles away, an exacting experience for raw recruits on a hot -July day. Among those witnessing the departure was one who, fifty years -before, had been a prisoner in Dartmoor. All of these newly enlisted -men supposed that they were going into the Thirty-fifth Regiment. July -31st, an adjourned town-meeting was held in which it was announced that -Eben Sutton, a public spirited citizen, had volunteered to take the -entire loan at five and one half per cent., an act that was greeted -with great applause by all present. Captain, George S. Nelson; first -Lieutenant, Henry W. Moulton; second lieutenant, George H. Wiley; all -of South Danvers. - - - - -COMPANY B. - -ROXBURY. - - -Recruiting began early in Roxbury and on the 10th, there was a special -meeting of both branches of the City Government, at which it was voted -to give seventy-five dollars to each recruit in addition to whatever -the General Government might offer. It was also voted to appropriate -thirty thousand dollars for expenses, and the treasurer was directed -to borrow. Roxbury's quota was three hundred and eighty-nine; Saturday -night, to inspirit enlistments, a public meeting was held in Institute -Hall at which Mayor William Gaston (subsequently governor) presided and -numerous and eloquent speeches were made, and the previous action of -the City Government was publicly endorsed. July 17th, the bounty was -raised to one hundred dollars, and on the 19th a brass band concert -was given in front of Institute Hall, with an address by the Hon. John -C. Park. August 7, the Company, numbering sixty-nine men, under the -command of Captain Graham, escorted by the militia of the city, paraded -and all were entertained by Colonel Hodges of the Horse Guards in -Bacon's Hall, where Judge Russell spoke. Sunday, the 10th, the Company -attended service in the first Universalist Church; on the 11th, again -escorted by the Horse Guards, the Company paraded through the principal -streets to Bacon's Hall where speeches were made by several persons, -including Private George F. Moses, of the Company, the latter being -filled to its maximum. It was on the 15th of August that the Company -assembled and through lines of friends and relatives, at a little -before noon, started for Boston, whence it took train for Lynnfield, -arriving at about three o'clock, p. m. Captain, William W. Graham; -first lieutenant, William T. Spear; second lieutenant, Julius M. Swain. - - - - -COMPANY C. - -MEDFORD. - - -Medford's popular company, the Lawrence Light Guard, had already -distinguished itself in the Fifth M. V. M., under the first call -for troops, and was enjoying something akin to dignified ease when -the president's call for three hundred thousand men placed new -responsibilities upon all the cities and towns, Medford having to raise -eighty-eight men as her quota. Though the selectmen, acting under the -governor's orders, did their best as recruiting officers, and though -there was an offer of seventy-five dollars' bounty, voted by the town, -and though on the 21st of July the offer was increased to one hundred -dollars, the eligible men did not seem disposed to enlist until, on -the 29th of the month, the selectmen addressed a letter to the Light -Guard, asking its members to step to the front and assist in filling -the requisition. The request was complied with at once and, on the 14th -of August, the company was complete with its complement of one hundred -and one men, including many who had served under the earlier demand. -Mustered in on the 14th, it left Medford for Lynnfield on the 25th of -August under most auspicious circumstances, these including religious -exercises, speeches and the presence of thousands of sympathetic -people. The commissioned officers, all of whom had been out with -Colonel Lawrence, were captain, John Hutchins; first lieutenant, Perry -Coleman; second lieutenant, Isaac F. R. Hosea. - - - - -COMPANY D. - -QUINCY. - - -The quota of Quincy was one hundred and five men; and to secure this -number of new soldiers the first meeting was held in the Town Hall, -July 12th; a special one, called by the selectmen, and the crowd was so -great that the hall would not hold it. Chief Justice Bigelow, presided -and spoke, being followed by Josiah Quincy, Jr., John Quincy Adams and -others; it was voted to offer a bounty of seventy-five dollars, and -patriotic resolutions were adopted. At a meeting held July 21st, it was -voted to raise the bounty to one hundred and twenty-five dollars. The -third meeting was held July 29th, with William S. Morton presiding; -addresses were made by Lieut. Colonel Henry Walker of Quincy, Lieut. -Colonel Guiney of the Ninth Regiment, and by one of the recruits, -Charles H. Porter, son of Whitcomb Porter, whose remarks were of a very -enthusiastic character, Captain Spear receiving numerous compliments. -By the 2nd of August, ninety-six men had been secured, the recruiting -being done by a town committee. Monday, the 4th of August, "Good-bye" -was said to the Company; line was formed at the Town Hall under escort -of Niagara Hose Company, Captain Newcomb; an address was given by -Lieut. Colonel Walker, and a collation was served in Lyceum Hall. -Thence by horse cars, accompanied by the firemen and a band, the -soldiers went to and through Boston, and so on by steam to Lynnfield, -reaching that place at about two p. m. There had been one hundred and -twelve enlistments in the company, but some had been rejected. On the -22nd, the town generously voted to pay the recruits one dollar per day -for the time spent in drilling. This same day the company came home on -a furlough, and on the next night, that of Saturday, the men assembled -in the Town Hall and presented Captain Spear with a sword, costing -fifty dollars, and to First Sergeant John Nichols, a sash and belt. -It was a noisily enthusiastic meeting, so much so that very little of -the speaking could be heard. Sunday, the 24th, beheld a part of the -Company at service in the Universalist Church in the morning and, in -the afternoon, Lieutenant McLaughlin, U. S. A., came out from Boston -and mustered the Company into the United States service. Monday, the -25th, the men returned to camp, all save three, who were apprehended as -deserters and sent after their fellows, everyone proving himself a good -soldier afterwards; they were just a trifle dilatory in keeping up. -Captain, Edward A. Spear; first lieutenant, William G. Sheen; second -lieutenant, Charles H. Porter. - - - - -COMPANY E. - -SOMERVILLE. - - -For the apportionment of fifteen thousand men to the Commonwealth, -Somerville had to raise ninety-two men and this she succeeded in doing -within the months of July and August. The aggregate bounty paid each -enlisted man was one hundred and twenty-five dollars, one hundred -dollars coming from the town, the remainder from private subscription. - -The selectmen, acting as agents, had recommended three men as -commissioned officers of the projected company, and these, all of whom -had seen service in the Somerville Company of the Fifth Regiment, M. -V. M., in its three months' tour of duty, applied themselves diligently -to their task. Camp was pitched on Prospect Hill and the flagstaff, -erected there and then, remained until the digging down of the hill -some fifteen years later; this occupation if possible added to the fame -of the spot on which Israel Putnam had intrenched himself after falling -back from Bunker Hill. The stay on elevated and breezy Prospect was far -from tedious, the nearness of home supplies more than compensating for -any hardships incident to camp duties. Mustered into the U. S. service, -August 12, the Company remained here until September 2nd, when it -proceeded to Boxford, there to join the other companies which were to -constitute the Thirty-ninth Regiment, having had no taste of the stay -in Lynnfield, the rendezvous of the other companies. The Commissioned -officers were captain, Fred R. Kinsley; first lieutenant, Joseph J. -Giles; second lieutenant, Willard C. Kinsley. All of the officers had -been commissioned in the Thirty-eighth Regiment, Captain Kinsley and -Lieutenant Giles, August 14th, and Lieutenant Kinsley, August 8th, but -the assignment of the company to the Thirty-ninth Regiment compelled -the transferal of the officers. - -[Illustration: CAPTAIN FREDERICK R. KINSLEY - -B'v't Major and Colonel] - - - - -COMPANY F. - -TAUNTON. - - -Work for the formation of what was to be Company F did not begin until -the 5th day of August, when a meeting of the sub-committee of the -military committee was held to consider the raising of a new company, -Captain Presbry, one of the selectmen, presiding, with T. Gordon, -secretary. Joseph J. Cooper was authorized to raise a company under -the conditions as stated in a letter of the Adjutant General, dated -July 29, '64, and the general order of the War Department, Number -Seventy-five. The _Taunton Gazette_ comments that the lieutenancies -will be offered to Isaac D. Paul and John D. Reed, both men of -integrity, and "it is believed that the company will be speedily filled -and that it will be one of the most creditable of those provided by -Taunton." The record for the 6th of August was that Captain Cooper had -opened a recruiting office in Templar Hall Building, and had secured -about a dozen names. By the 7th, the total had risen to twenty-four -men; the 8th saw thirty-six names enrolled and, on the 11th, the tide -had risen to forty-seven good and true patriots. The 13th beheld the -citizens assembled in town meeting, wherein it was voted to increase -the bounty to two hundred dollars, thus adding a stimulus which -resulted in filling the company to the maximum. The 18th was a day of -memories for the good old town, since on this date the new company -departed for the rendezvous at Lynnfield. The largest assemblage -of people that the town had seen since the leaving of the Seventh -Regiment, early in the war, was out at seven o'clock in the morning to -witness the going of the new soldiers. They formed on the green, whence -they were escorted by the Light Guard, with music by the Bridgewater -Brass Band, to the railroad station. Followed by the enthusiastic -cheering of the populace, the men were borne away to new scenes and -experiences. Five days later or on the 23rd, the men had a furlough -home for twenty-four hours, returning to camp on the 24th. Of course, -Company F moved with the other companies in the transfer to Boxford, -where on the 3rd of September, a noteworthy incident took place. The -men of Taunton's company were drawn up in front of their tents when -George Childs, Esq., in behalf of Taunton citizens, presented Captain -Cooper and Lieutenants Paul and Reed with elegantly mounted revolvers, -each officer responding in a very happy manner. Captain, Joseph J. -Cooper; first lieutenant, Isaac D. Paul; second lieutenant, John D. -Reed. - - - - -COMPANY G. - -BOSTON, HINGHAM, SCITUATE AND THE SOUTH SHORE. - - -From information furnished chiefly by Lieut. J. H. Prouty it seems that -Hingham was about as liberal a contributor to Company G as any single -place, having thirty-seven men in the ranks of "G" and another in "D." -It was the only company in the regiment that started without some local -head or centre. When the call came, Hingham took action at once, and on -the 5th held a town meeting at four o'clock p. m., with Captain John -Stephenson presiding; it was voted to raise five thousand dollars to -aid the families of volunteers as state aid, and a thousand more to be -distributed under the direction of the selectmen. July 11th brought -the people together again, in the evening of Friday, to take action -towards filling the town's quota of fifty-one men; Luther Stephenson -presided and several patriotic addresses were given; it was voted to -pay seventy-five dollars bounty to every man enlisting, a committee -of twelve was appointed to co-operate with the selectmen in securing -enlistments. This committee met on the 15th, organized, heard a deal -of eloquent speaking and voted to recommend to the townspeople that -a bounty of one hundred dollars be paid to every volunteer. The Town -accepted, July 19th, the recommendation of the citizens' committee. -On the same evening, a number of volunteers put down their names. An -adjourned war meeting was held on the 22nd, and a large committee of -ladies was chosen to help forward the filling of the quota. The next -meeting, August 6th, was on the call of the ladies and was largely -attended; August 15th, the town voted to make the bounty for each -volunteer two hundred dollars. The thirty-seven Hingham men who went -into Company G were not all new to service, for two, at least, had -gone out with the Lincoln Light Infantry in the Fourth Regiment in -1861, on the first call for troops. The volunteers expected to go -with the Thirty third Massachusetts; next with the Thirty-fifth, but -finally fetched up with the Thirty-ninth. They had no officers. The -governor commissioned, as captain, Ezra J. Trull, better known as -"Jack" Trull, who had been a corporal in the Thirteenth Massachusetts, -and he was assigned to the command of "G." Though only nineteen years -old, he was one of the best drilled officers in the regiment and his -active, stirring nature kept his company in excellent shape. He was a -Boston man, as was the first lieutenant, C. W. Thompson; the second -lieutenant, C. Henry Chapman, was from Cambridge. First and last, more -than thirty cities and towns contributed to the roll of the company. - - - - -COMPANY H. - -DORCHESTER. - - -Early action was taken in Dorchester towards raising the town's quota -of one hundred and thirty-seven men. On the 15th of July, the citizens -convened at the town hall with James H. Upham, moderator, and they -started proceedings by the singing of patriotic songs. It was voted to -pay all recruits one hundred dollars, and to borrow fourteen thousand -dollars for such purpose. The selectmen were empowered to carry out the -expressed will of the meeting and the same board was directed to see to -the securing of enlistments, by the appointment of a "suitable person" -to raise a military company as a part of the town's quota. The Hall had -been plentifully bedecked with flags, some one hundred in number, among -them there being one that had been borne in the Revolution. Besides, -there were curios and relics to excite the curiosity and patriotism of -all beholders, the display being the work of Frederick F. Hassam, who -received the enthusiastic thanks of the meeting for his thoughtfulness -and action. On the 19th there was a great meeting on Meeting House -Hill, with artillery company firing sixty-eight guns and the Hon. -Marshall P. Wilder presiding; of the event the _Boston Journal_ says: -"Shoulder Arms! Forward, March!" The Company left Dorchester Wednesday, -August 13, receiving a parting salute from Captain Harris' Battery; in -Boston there was a short parade with refreshments, 1.30 p. m., at John -Preston's chocolate establishment on State Street. A hearty escort was -given by the selectmen, many citizens, and Fire Engine Company Number -5, and all kept step to music afforded by a brass band. From Boston, -cars on the Boston and Maine Railroad bore the men, one hundred and -thirty-seven in number, to Lynnfield. Captain, Charles N. Hunt; first -lieutenant, Robert Rhodes; second lieutenant, Robert Williams. - - - - -COMPANY I. - -NATICK. - - -Natick was expected to provide one hundred and three men, or just a -company, and this she set about doing through a meeting in the evening -of July 17th, in School House Hall, over which the Hon. J. W. Bacon -presided. To report a plan of action, the following committee was -appointed: Leonard Winch, John J. Perry and E. P. Fay. Another meeting -on the 25th voted to pay volunteers one hundred and fifty dollars each, -and a committee of fifteen was appointed to assist the recruiting -officers. Monday, July 28th, brought out a great meeting which was -addressed by United States Senator Henry Wilson, Capt. Ephraim H. -Brigham and others. By August 1st, matters had reached ignition pitch -with a great meeting in the Town Hall, Captain Brigham presiding; there -were eloquent speeches, but the one which excited the most admiration -was that of Benning Hall, Jr., the village expressman, who on this -occasion made his first public address, chiefly to his comrades, of -whom twenty-two had put down their names. The fourth public meeting -was held August 4th, in School House Hall, Lieut. Simon Mulligan in -the chair, and it was voted to act at once, and to talk afterwards. -Then followed "a scene such as few people ever witness" when -forty-seven men marched up and signed the roll amid waving hats and -handkerchiefs, the very best men in the grand old town. The Hon. Henry -Wilson was present and spoke, as did Edward Choate, G. L. Sawin, H. B. -Moore, C. B. Phillips and B. Hill, Jr. In one week Natick had raised -one hundred and twenty-seven men for her company, twenty-four more than -necessary. It was Saturday, August 9, that, escorted by the Victor and -Union Fire Company, and crowds of citizens, the Natick newly enlisted -men set forth for their rendezvous. After a brief parade in Boston, -Lynnfield was sought in the afternoon, where the reception was not just -what the would-be soldiers expected. So many recruits had reported -there was no room for the Natick people, who had to hire a building -outside for use until the departure of a regiment gave them access to -the regular quarters. Captain, Ephraim H. Brigham; first lieutenant, -Simon Mulligan; second lieutenant, William H. Brown. - - - - -COMPANY K. - -WOBURN. - -[Sidenote: AUG., '62] - -Woburn's assignment was ninety-eight men and it came at a time when -recruiting was dull. Still the selectmen, in obedience to State House -orders, called a meeting of Union loving citizens in the Town Hall, -on the evening of Saturday, the 12th of July. The response was large -and enthusiastic; it was voted to give every volunteer a bounty of one -hundred dollars and a committee of fifteen was appointed to forward -enlistments. It was further voted to call a town meeting on the 24th -of the month for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this -popular gathering. Thirty-three men had enlisted or put down their -names before the excitement began or the offer of bounty was made, -and these men became "the immortal thirty-three" in company annals. -Recruiting began on the 15th, and was very slow, though the office -was open day and evening. At the town meeting, it was voted to give -a bounty of one hundred and twenty-five dollars, and enlistments -thereupon increased. Under the encouragement of a grand rally and a -banquet in upper Lyceum Hall in the evening of the 24th, followed by -a march through the streets accompanied by a brass band and speeches -by prominent citizens, the roll of enlistments reached fifty names. -Subsequent rallies and parades resulted in the securing of considerably -more than the required number by the 1st of August. On the 5th of -the month, after a collation in Lyceum Hall, escorted by the Fire -Department, the company departed for the rendezvous, Camp Stanton, in -Lynnfield, having the following commissioned officers: captain, John I. -Richardson; first lieutenant, Luke R. Tidd; second lieutenant, Luther -F. Wyman. - - * * * * * - -Life at a rendezvous camp is much the same, wherever found. The change -from the untrammeled habits of home to the restrained conditions of -military life is seldom made without friction on the part of the newly -enlisted men, and if there were a lack of quarters, an insufficiency -of food, and if the latter were of indifferent quality, they were -only features to be expected wherever and whenever inexperienced -citizens undertake the transforming act of becoming soldiers. However -disagreeable some of the conditions at Camp Stanton may have been, -nothing was encountered there that would not have been laughed at, -when two years later the men were passing through the exactions of -the "Battle Summer" or later still, when they realized the horrors of -Salisbury and Andersonville. Nor were the days of Lynnfield altogether -disagreeable to the recruits, for were there not the visits of home -friends who always came laden with the best of goodies for the "boys," -and passes for brief trips to the homes themselves? Besides every day -had its round of duties, such as guard, the policing of the camp and -the early induction to drill, even before the giving out of uniform and -arms. - -Col. Edward F. Jones, who had won distinction in the earlier months -of the war as commander of the Sixth Regiment, and later had been -assigned to the colonelcy of the Twenty-sixth Infantry, was in command -of the camp and occasionally the newly made soldiers repined at the -rigor of his commands, quite uncalled for to their undisciplined minds. -Nothing, however, better exhibited the adaptability of the American -soldier than the speed with which the material from school, shop and -farm, caught the step, learned the manual and responded to the command -of superior officers. In the case of the companies that were to -constitute the Thirty-ninth Regiment, they arrived after the most of -the desirable quarters had been taken by the men of the Thirty-fifth -and the Thirty-eighth Regiments. The first named departed for the -front on the 22nd of August; on the 24th, the Thirty-eighth took train -for the South and as colonel went Timothy Ingraham who originally had -been commissioned as the leader of the Thirty-ninth; a Captain in the -Third Infantry during the three months' service, he had been lieutenant -colonel in the Eighteenth Infantry and there were feelings of regret -when the New Bedford officer was transferred to the earlier numbered -organization. - - - - -BOXFORD - -[Sidenote: SEPT. 1, '62] - -The limitations of Lynnfield finally became so apparent that the -authorities determined to seek a new location and officers were -directed to investigate, the result being that Boxford, still further -away from Boston (twenty-eight miles) was selected. Here were the -grounds that had been used as a musterfield by the Second Brigade, -Second Division of the State Militia and, on this extended plain by -the side of a beautiful pond of water, it was determined to pitch the -new camp. Orders were given for the cooking of three days' rations -and on the 28th, by special trains the troops were transferred from -Lynnfield to Boxford. It is possible that had the nearness of the day -of starting for the front been known the trouble of removal had been -avoided. Colonel Jones still commanded the camp which continued to be -called "Stanton" and the commandant's rules were quite as rigid as -ever. On the 29th, some of the soldiers were gladdened by the receipt -from the State of twenty-five dollars' bounty and they soon found ways -enough for disposing of it, though many of them had signed allotment -papers, agreeing to have a portion of their pay reserved for friends at -home. - -Camp life during the week's stay in Boxford had its share of variation -such as came from short trips away, the visits of friends, the -receiving of uniforms, arms and equipments and the presentation of -gifts to officers and men. Sept. 1st brought Col. P. Stearns Davis, -the new commander of the Thirty-ninth Regiment. A brigadier general in -the militia, he had been one of the most efficient of those assisting -Governor Andrew in organizing and forwarding regiments, and the -governor parted from the officer with regret; he succeeded Colonel -Jones in the command of the Camp. Company officers were remembered -by their friends, both those in the ranks and outside; on the 29th -of August, his company gave to Captain Richardson of "K" a set of -equipments and on the 1st of September, when on leave of absence in -Woburn, Lieutenants Tidd and Wyman were presented by citizens with -swords and sashes. Sept. 2nd, Company E, from Somerville, appeared in -camp, the very last to report. On the 3rd, the commissioned officers -of Company F, Taunton, were given revolvers by their fellow townsmen, -of whom there was a goodly number present, their representative being -George Childs, Esq. On this day also Springfield rifles were placed -in the men's hands, accoutrements following on the 4th, so that they -began to feel like real soldiers. On the 3rd also appeared Lieutenant -Ladd, U. S. A., who began paying out one month's pay in advance. During -these days the ladies of Woburn made and presented to the Woburn -Company (K) a National flag, Miss Henrietta M. Young making the address -of presentation and Lieutenant Tidd receiving, though the acceptance -speech, in the absence of the captain, was made by Lieutenant Wyman. -The flag was returned to Woburn to be retained there until the return -of the company from its three years' term of service. - - - - -BOXFORD TO WASHINGTON. - - -On Friday, the 5th, came the regimental colors and orders to prepare -three days' rations against the expected departure of the Thirty-ninth -on the following day, and the same day saw the first dress-parade of -the regiment under the command of Colonel Davis, also the efforts of -embryo soldiers as they tried to pack into a knapsack two or three -times as much as it would hold. When the active campaigning began, they -were to learn some of the wisdom of Socrates when he exclaimed, "How -many things there are that I do not need." Breaking camp on the morning -of the 6th was a spirited affair and, after an early breakfast, line -was formed and the men marched to the station not far from 8 o'clock -a. m. Here came a lesson in delay that was to be repeated many times -as the years moved on. Boston was sighted between 1 and 2 p. m. and, -speedily disembarking, the regiment took its way through the city to -the Boston and Worcester station. The day was extremely hot, the men -had overloaded their knapsacks, hence many suffered badly, some having -to fall out, though all reached the station in time for the train. -Company E, Somerville, held the right of the line and "C" Medford, the -left, so that double-quick, with the Medford men, was the order -occasionally which, considering the heat, was a trying test. Of the -march through Washington Street, the _Boston Journal_ has this comment, -"The men appeared hardy, robust and of excellent fighting material and -were evidently superior in drill to many of the new regiments." - -[Sidenote: SEPT. 6, '62] - -Though the crowds were great and friends by the hundred, not to say -thousands, were there to say "Good-bye," the greetings and partings -were had in passing, as the quickstep was kept through the city. At -the station, the regiment was soon entrained for Worcester, as its -next step on its southern way. There was no lack of interest in the -departure by people all along the route to Worcester, and there the -good citizens were not slow in supplying food, somewhat more appetizing -than the rations borne in the haversacks; said rations in many cases -became useless through the taste imparted by the recently painted -receptacles, the traces of turpentine working through. One veteran -relates, at this late day, his anguish over the spoiling of a quantity -of fresh mother's made doughnuts. Thence, via the Norwich route, the -way was southward, the first train reaching Groton, Connecticut, the -summer terminus, about 10.30 in the evening. As the soldier-laden train -was in two sections, there was a somewhat prolonged wait here for -the arrival of the second part. However, sometime between 10.30 and -midnight the steamer "City of New York" proceeded on its way to the -great city, along the Sound, over which had passed so many New England -men and boys on their Union-preserving mission. Though there was ample -space on the soft side of the respective decks for the soldiers to lie -down, there was altogether too much novelty for them to encamp at once. -While the majority secured some sleep during the passage, there were -those who watched the night through and were ready to greet the dawn -and to experience the sensations of an early approach to the mightiest -city of the Western Continent. Those who saw that sunrise and the -course through East River and the final round-up at the Jersey City -landing never forgot it; besides, the morning sights included a view of -the "Great Eastern", the famous British steamship, then the greatest in -the world and the wonder of all beholders. - -Sunday morning at 8 o'clock, the steamer was docked at Jersey City and -soon afterward the regiment was again embarked on a train for the trip -through New Jersey and, though it was Sunday and, presumably, many -people were at church, there seemed to be no lack of generous citizens, -ready to supply the most luscious of fruit and to prove that whatever -fun might be had at the expense of the state's being a "foreign -country" the hearts of the people were all right. The day itself was -in that delightful early fall, when Dame Nature does her best to outdo -her June wonders, and the hearts of the Massachusetts travellers -were all aglow as they saw the possibilities of the Garden State and -when, having been ferried across the Delaware River, Philadelphia was -reached, every man was in splendid appetite for the lavish lunch that -the ladies of the City of Brotherly Love had prepared for them in the -Cooper Refreshment Rooms. Few Eastern soldiers failed at some time in -their experience to test the hospitality of William Penn's great city -and that veteran is yet to be found who does not wax eloquent over the -spread there afforded, and that was his without money and without price. - -[Sidenote: SEPT. 7, '62] - -The march through Philadelphia was an enjoyable one, the people -being in such evident sympathy with the men, who at every step were -going further from their own homes and loved ones. When the station -was reached, whence they were to start for Baltimore, there was a -considerable halt during which the Massachusetts boys had a fine -chance to make the acquaintances of certain of the fair daughters of -the Keystone State and addresses were exchanged which, in subsequent -months, afforded pleasure to both man and maiden, as letters passed -between those in the field and the loyal dwellers on the banks of the -Schuylkill. The ride southward, according to some of the chroniclers, -was not as enjoyable as the previous portions had been; indeed one -careful writer says, "Here the comfort of our journey ceased for we -were put aboard cattle cars, with rough and hard seats"; in most -cases, no seats at all; yet the time would come when that writer would -be delighted to ride standing, on platform cars even, if thereby he -could the sooner gain his destination. Wilmington, Delaware, reached -at midnight or thereabouts, was the first stop and, notwithstanding -the lateness of the hour there was a modified repetition of the -Philadelphia reception, every one being anxious to contribute to the -well being of the "boys in blue." Among those in waiting were former -dwellers in the Bay State who were delighted to grasp the hands of men -just from the old home. - -The crossing of the Susquehanna River from Perryville, Delaware, to -Havre-de-Grace was a source of great interest to these tyros of travel, -and whole trains of cars, run aboard great ferryboats at once, for a -trip over the river to the Maryland town opposite, excited not a little -wonder, if not admiration. On reaching the further side of the river, -the usual waiting was experienced and, though it was in the dead of -night, those young soldiers were too full of life to allow the time to -waste and in their search for mischief they discovered that the place -abounded in geese and, long after midnight, these representatives of -staid and sober New England awoke not alone the squawking fowls but the -people as well and, over and through the gullied ways of this first -bit of "Maryland, My Maryland" that they had encountered, these men, -on fierce battle bent, pursued these poor feathered bipeds, though -what they were to accomplish by a complete round-up, they had not the -least notion. However, from any such test they were happily saved by -the appearance on the scene of Colonel Davis who, apprised by the noise -of the need of his presence, admonished his valiant followers to cease -harrying the birds; nor were the mischievous fellows sorry, for they -had gone about as far as they could and not have their fun changed -into serious fault. - -The regiment had reached the region where constant watch was kept -over stations, railroad bridges and all points where it might be easy -to obstruct transportation; hence the sight of dimly seen figures -performing sentinel duty as the train swept along was not a little -interesting to the men who were, as rapidly as possible, advancing from -the abode of peace and plenty to that of privation and danger. Dawn -of the 8th brought with it the entrance of Baltimore by the latest -Massachusetts organization and, as the men marched through the silent -streets in the early morning, many of them contrasted the reception -accorded them in the unquestionably loyal city of Philadelphia, and -that in the Monument City, which a year and five months before had -caused the first bloodshed in the Civil War. A substantial breakfast -was served at the Union refreshment rooms, though nothing like the -generous spread made the day before by the ladies of the city on the -Schuylkill. Several regiments, like the Thirty-ninth on their way -South, were found waiting orders and transportation and the situation -was somewhat emphasized by the sudden and serious illness of a number -of soldiers, the rumor gaining circulation that they had been poisoned. -Fortunately before the irate soldiers could begin retaliatory measures -against the people, it was decided that the ailment was simply _cholera -morbus_, occasioned by injudicious eating of green fruit obtained in -transit. - -[Sidenote: SEPT. 9, '62] - -Ellicott's Mills, not so very far from Baltimore, towards the west, was -at first announced as the destination of the regiment, but, as there -was no supply of tents or wagons, the order was countermanded and cars -were taken for Washington. The sight of the incomplete Capitol and -other public buildings was a glad one to these Massachusetts men who, -in spite of warlike intentions, were alive to all of the geographical -attractions that they might encounter. Reaching the Nation's centre of -activity somewhat late in the afternoon there was some time in which -to take cursory glances of many edifices, already familiar through -picture and print. Supper and lodgings were found in the barracks, -close by the Baltimore and Ohio depot, and those who did not like the -fare at the barracks, and could afford the price, had the privilege of -supping outside. Weariness can sleep upon a flinty bed while lazy sloth -may toss upon the softest of couches, hence the floor of the so-called -"Soldiers' Rest" afforded comfort for the cattle car travellers. In -the morning of the 9th, it was discovered that the Tenth Vermont had -arrived during the night and was encamped outside, a regiment with -which the Thirty-ninth was eventually to be brigaded for a time. - - - - -POTOMAC CROSSED. - - -The breakfast was not of a sort to elicit any great amount of praise -from the soldiers and once more those who could got their food outside, -and the forenoon was passed largely in seeing the sights of the -Capital. Very likely the folks at home were thinking that their boys -were so much needed that they were to be ordered into battle-line at -once; but all concerned were to learn that in the fiercest of wars -there are many waits, and this delay in Washington was incident to -finding out just where the Thirty-ninth was to report, for all knew -very well they were not to halt there long. The orders came from Gen. -Silas Casey in time for them to move out of the city about noon and so -to take their way across the Long Bridge, the thoroughfare connection -between Washington and Alexandria, then the most famous structure -of its kind in America; on account of the vibrations the regular -route-step was broken. The day was hot and sultry, the dust intense, -made so by the constant passing of horses and men, and the newly -enlisted soldiers, loaded down with their bloated knapsacks and other -burdens, began to think that soldiering was no joking matter. - -While thus advancing into Virginia the Thirteenth Massachusetts -Infantry was encountered, the men having all of the activity and swing -that come from long experience, though thinned ranks spoke volumes for -the encounters they had passed through, but they were in no halting -mood and with only the greetings possible in passing the Bay State -men kept in motion. It was the time when the disastrous Second Bull -Run had necessitated realignment, and measures were afoot which in a -little more than a week were to lead up to Antietam. It was a march -of seven miles which brought the dust begrimed men to the vicinity of -Fort Albany, an extensive fortification situated on the estate of Gen. -Robert E. Lee, the famous Virginian so prominent in the Confederate -Army, a locality rapidly growing in reputation as Arlington. Though -camp equipage had not as yet made its appearance, the weather was so -dry and warm no trouble was found in camping without other outfit. In -every direction the eye could see very little save tents and campfires, -with the passing of long baggage trains, and the night air bore the -strains of many bands of music, all joining in a mighty effort to keep -the minds of the soldiers alert and free from the care which besets -solitude and repose. - -[Sidenote: SEPT. 12, '62] - -On the slopes of Arlington the morning of the 10th found the regiment, -its members all alert to observe and learn the lessons of each -successive day. The night had brought about great changes, for a large -portion of the camps so apparent during the watches of the night had -entirely disappeared; to be sure there had been some extra fires during -the preceding hours when, as it appeared later, camp debris had been -burned, but all of these indications were lost on the newcomers, to -whom the symptoms of breaking camp were unfamiliar, and how should they -know that already the fates were preparing for Antietam, the bloodiest -single day's fight of the entire war? That the enemy was not very -remote was currently reported and many of the young soldiers thought -they might be ordered into the fray at an early hour. Then too, for -the first time, they saw the coming into the Union line of escaped -negroes, the "contrabands" of General Butler's ruling; "strange looking -beings," one of the observers remarks. The 11th day differed in no -essential from its predecessor save that the arrival of tents permitted -the pitching of them and the instituting of regular and strict camp -orders. The proximity of great earthworks, known as forts, prompted -many to visit them and thus to appreciate the efforts that had been -made to render safe the nation's capital. Drills were begun, roll-calls -were frequent and the first dress parade in Dixie was recorded for the -Thirty-ninth on this day. - -After a day of routine on the 12th, while companies were forming for -battalion drill, orders came to pack up and be ready to move out. It -was after dark and in the midst of a driving rain that the start was -made, but through the mud and darkness the regiment proceeded with as -much willingness as the circumstances would permit till, at last, after -what seemed a very long time and a great distance, really the latter -was only two miles, the welcome command, "halt," was heard, and as it -was not followed by one to move forward the men were content, the rain -having stopped, to throw themselves upon the ground and there to find -the rest that ever comes to the weary whatever the conditions. The -regiment was now near the outermost lines and pickets were thrown out. -The next morning, 13th, revealed the location as near Fort Tillinghast, -and work was immediately begun on clearing the ground for a camp, this -being the third effort for this purpose made by the men and some of -them hoped they might be allowed to remain long enough to see just -how a real camp at the front would look. It appeared that to the -Thirty-ninth had been assigned the duty of picketing the line between -Forts Tillinghast and Craig. Here Sibley tents were received, the -same having been left by the Sixteenth Maine on the departure of the -latter for the march into Maryland. This was the introduction of the -Thirty-ninth to an organization whose later history was considerably -involved with that of our Massachusetts men. - -The forts, which occupied almost every elevation of land, were -conspicuous on every hand, and were a part of the system devised -for the thorough protection of Washington. They numbered in all, -including batteries, sixty-eight, and were for the most part named for -distinguished officers slain in the conflict. All of them were not -constructed at this time, but the record includes those that were built -later as well. The total perimeter of the fortifications was thirteen -miles, and the outer border thus guarded was nearly or quite equal to -that of the original District of Columbia. Besides the forts there were -twenty miles of rifle trenches, thirty-two miles of military roads and -ninety-three unarmed batteries for field guns, with four hundred and -one emplacements. In the total armament of these earthworks there were -nearly a thousand cannon and mortars. Notwithstanding this formidable -array, Early and his men came near getting through and into the city in -July, 1864. - - - - -ON THE MARCH. - -[Sidenote: SEPT. 15, '62] - -Whatever hopes of permanency may have been cherished as to the new camp -they were all destroyed before the day (14th) was done. There were -inspections, always a Sunday feature, the distribution of cartridges, -which had a businesslike aspect, and the dispatching of three companies -to the picket line only to be recalled later with orders to pack up and -be ready for a long march. In addition it was ordered that knapsacks -be left behind, a fact that brought up visions of forced marching -and a possible encounter. To the inexperienced soldiers separation -from their knapsacks was a serious matter and each man debated with -himself as to what he could best leave behind, the upshot of it all -being that generally his blanket, tied in a roll and slung over the -shoulder, was the one item deemed absolutely necessary. It was quite -seven o'clock before the march began, the way being through camps and -along the sides of forts until the Aqueduct Bridge, leading across the -Potomac to Georgetown, was reached; the name of the bridge arising from -the fact that the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal crossed here, terminating -in Alexandria. Over the bridge and through Georgetown the pace was a -brisk one until, after a march of possibly seven miles, a halt for the -remainder of the night was ordered on a prominence back of the village -of Tennallytown. - -The 15th began with the soldiers at five o'clock and there was a -march of fully two miles before the halt for breakfast. Apparently in -the same line with our men were the Tenth Vermont and a Pennsylvania -Battery and the news gradually spread through the ranks that the -purpose of the speedy trip was to do picket duty along the Potomac -River. To the undisciplined mind it did seem as though a less headlong -pace might have been set for such an end, but it was not for the men -to complain nor to reason why, but rather to plod along as rapidly as -possible. Inasmuch as the heat was extreme, the roads dusty, many of -the men, quite unused to the strain and wilting under the sun's rays, -fell out. This day, too, the preparation of meals was entirely by the -soldiers themselves, company cooks having done the work before. When -a halt was ordered it was obeyed with the utmost alacrity, the men -throwing themselves upon the ground with expressions of relief. When at -last, after another advance, there came the orders to halt and prepare -coffee, they were heard with gladness, the location being near an old -mill on Waitt's Branch, this being an affluent of the Big Muddy Branch, -but the night was not to be spent here, the officers deciding that it -was not a defensible place, hence the march was continued in the most -quiet manner possible, to the brow of a hill where camp was pitched -for the night. In the light of subsequent knowledge that the enemy was -many miles away, the extreme caution must have been the result of false -information to those leading. - -Another day, 16th, began early and the route was still up the Potomac, -though the pace was not so rapid as that of yesterday. At noon dinner -was eaten at Seneca Mills and then followed a stretch of about fifteen -miles, leading up to Poolesville, a village by no means important in -itself, yet it had been heard of frequently in Massachusetts since -here, or in this locality, a year ago were encamped the Fifteenth, -Nineteenth and Twentieth Regiments from the Bay State and through -here had marched the Thirteenth. To Lieut. Colonel Peirson and Major -Tremlett, the place must have seemed very familiar since both had been -officers in the Twentieth. Not a few of the latest visitors thought -that its size and appearance hardly comported with its notoriety. A -sudden and violent rainstorm accompanied the entrance of the place -where were found two cavalry companies on duty, who informed the -inquirers that the Battle of Poolesville, shouted so loudly a few days -before at Arlington, was really only a skirmish, in which the only -casualty was the killing of a horse, the whole affair being one of -many incidents, accompanying the movements of Stuart's Cavalry in the -general advance of General Lee into Maryland. Notwithstanding the rain, -weary men threw themselves upon the ground, glad to rest in any way -anywhere; but long before morning the fierceness of the storm and the -level character of the plain on which the men were lying, reducing the -latter to something like a duck-pond, made the soldiers get up, build -fires and try to dry themselves, but with indifferent success. - -[Sidenote: SEPT. 17, '62] - -The day of Antietam's great battle, the 17th of September, found the -regiment making coffee around fires that were larger than usual, owing -to the moisture that pervaded everything, but wet or dry, there was -to be no protracted halt here and the village, later to be quite -familiar to the Thirty-ninth, was left behind as the regiment plodded -along about three miles further. Turning off into some woods, camp -was established, rations drawn and preparations were progressing for -staying a while when orders came, directing five companies (B, C, D, -G, and K) to go on picket at once. Marching about two miles further, -the river was reached by the companies at Edward's Ferry. The latter -is thirty-five miles from Washington and the section had been more -or less mixed up with the war from the very start. Edward's Ferry -was familiar on account of the Battle of Ball's Bluff, just across -the Potomac, on the 21st day of October, one year before. Out in the -river is Harrison's Island, a bit of land that had been seen in fancy -by thousands of Northern people whose loved ones had died there. The -road, traversed by the men, was the Leesburg pike, the ferry being -one of the features of the way. While the country is attractive, with -the historic river flowing through it, the soldiers were not there -for historic studies. Posting one company at the Ferry as the extreme -left, the men were strung along the river to Conrad's Ferry, five miles -further up the stream. So on the banks of Old Potomac began the duties -of soldiering in a region that had already echoed to battle's din. -Parallel with the Potomac, sluggishly flows the Chesapeake and Ohio -Canal and along its banks many of the picket groups were posted. Five -miles to be under observation by about five hundred men or, as they -were posted in groups of five, there were twenty posts to the mile and, -if stationed at equal intervals, each set of sentinels was responsible -for sixteen rods, but other circumstances than mere distance determined -the placing of men on picket. Probably no more vigilant soldiers than -these of the Thirty-ninth ever watched the river and opposite shore, -for the novelty of the situation and the knowledge that the rebels were -within shooting distance made the responsibility great. Besides, the -rumbles from distant Antietam, throughout the 17th, were calculated -to waken apprehensions in the minds of men who had no means of knowing -what way the fight was going. - - -PICKET DUTY. - -Thence onward till the 23rd of the month this tour of duty continued -and however irksome it may have been to many, as a rule, men preferred -such service to the routine of roll-call and almost constant drill in -camp. Happily for these tyros in military experience, nothing of note -disturbed the general quiet of the period, though every man was on the -alert for the first indication of hostile approach. The proximity of -Maryland farms and well-filled larders suggested foraging and, while -some of the men paid for the food which they obtained, others did not, -and a considerable raid is recorded which resulted in the bringing into -camp of a great variety of material, both animal and vegetable, as -well as cereals and fruit. While it was new business for the majority -of these well brought up young men, they speedily adapted themselves -to their new conditions, and rare was the soldier who could not secure -food to eat if anything of the kind were within reaching distance. -It is said that bills, aggregating fifty dollars, were presented to -the Colonel by suffering farmers from the afflicted locality and -they were paid by someone, though the amount was later assessed upon -the offending companies. Sickness made its appearance among the men, -largely the result of indiscretion in eating, the abundance of all -sorts of fruit inducing indulgence therein to the extent of serious -stomach and bowel difficulties. Also, the individual cooking done by -the men may have had a share in the disorders named, for while some of -the combinations of fried pork, apples and molasses may have been very -palatable, they certainly were a surprise to many of the stomachs, into -which they were introduced. At the same time the lesson of self help -had to be learned. - -[Sidenote: SEPT., '62] - -On the 23rd, the companies on picket were relieved by those in camp -and there came a chance to receive the knapsacks left at Arlington on -the 14th, and the extra clothing thus was appreciated by all to whom -the coldness of Southern nights was a revelation. Shelter tents were -distributed and every one speedily learned how much comfort could be -found beneath them. Here too began in good earnest the school of the -soldier, and four drills a day, along with roll-calls at frequent -intervals, induced a degree of attention and a weariness that made -many a lad seek his rest, when possible, without any prompting. The -first death in the regiment came on the 27th, when Nathan Mitchell, a -Bridgewater boy, Company F, twenty-one years old, passed out of this -life. The funeral was held the next (Sunday) morning, an impressive -lesson for the soldiers of the possibility of death in camp as well as -on the battlefield. - -For a number of days there followed a regular exchange of duties -between camp and picket, the latter being considered preferable, as a -rule, having so much less of drill and the fretful features of military -life. Men learned to wash their own garments, to mend their apparel -and to do many things of which, had they remained at home, they would -always have been ignorant. The bi-weekly arrival of the mail was a -regular event that never lost its interest, and happiness and misery -were separated only by the receipt of letters or their failure. The -folks at home knew this full well, and there were few boys in blue for -whom some one in the distant Northland was not planning some pleasant -interlude during these months of separation. Confederate prisoners, -too, were not unusual, on their way under guard to Washington, and -while they at first excited curiosity, the latter feeling was mingled -with wonder at their lack of uniform and the general soldierly -appearance which the Union soldiers maintained. Under the impression -that the Maryland side was held by his people one rebel forded the -Potomac, clad in citizen's garb, wearing a Pennsylvanian's knapsack -which, he said, he had acquired at Manassas; he was a queer looking -soldier, though he claimed to belong to the Sixth Florida Infantry. -Someway, he had managed to get off the rebel route on the way back from -Antietam. It was no infrequent thing for an alarm to bring the men into -line at any time of night and to make them stand thus until daylight -did appear. Seemingly the foe was constantly fording the Potomac above -or below the portion guarded by the Thirty-ninth Regiment. In one case, -the "sure rebels," who had built fires across the river, proved to be -the division of General E. V. Sumner returning from a raid upon the -wagon-train of General Lee. - -Since reaching "Old Potomac's Shore" no more memorable day had been -recorded than Sunday, October 12th, when the regular inspection was -interrupted by the arrival of a courier with orders to march at once -since the enemy was crossing the river at one of the upper fords, and -skirmishing was already in progress. Much to the wonder of some, in -spite of the urgency the inspection was finished and the rations drawn -before the Thirty-ninth, in heavy marching array, started off at a -double-quick, to make up for lost time. The heat of the day and the -heaviness of the attire made the march exceedingly trying, but Conrad's -Ferry was reached at last, knapsacks were unslung, line of battle was -formed, and the approach of the enemy was awaited; but in vain, for -the rapid riders of J. E. B. Stuart had already crossed at White's -Ford, two miles further up the stream. Some of the hypercritical -soldiers thought that if the inspection had been ended at once and -the march made in light order, the Thirty-ninth might have arrived in -time to interrupt the placid passage of the Potomac by the venturesome -Confederates. - - - - -STUART'S RAID. - -[Sidenote: OCT. 9, '62] - -It is in place to state that the affair was the termination of -one of the most picturesque incidents of the entire war. On the -9th of October, Confederate General Stuart with eighteen hundred -of the best mounted and most reliable men in the brigades of Wade -Hampton, Fitz Hugh Lee and B. H. Robertson started from Darksville, -a place some miles above Martinsburg in the valley of the Shenandoah -and, moving northward, crossed the Potomac at McCoy's Ford and reached -Chambersburg, Penn., in the evening of the 10th. In the Keystone -State the troopers had helped themselves to whatever they chose to -take, but they had carefully refrained from molesting property on -their way through Maryland. In Chambersburg and vicinity, horses and -whatever might contribute to the welfare and comfort of the invaders -were appropriated. The night in the Pennsylvania city was spent in -drizzling rain which added not a little to the peril of the situation, -for Federal authorities were astir, hoping to surround and capture -the entire rebel outfit. The morning of the 11th, the horsemen turned -their steps eastward, proceeding towards Gettysburg as far as Cashtown; -thence the route was directly southward, through Emmitsburg, New -Market, Hyattstown, etc., with only momentary halts, to the Potomac. -There was no bivouac for the night, since any hour might confront the -riders with a Union force to effectually block their way. Stuart had -the good fortune to be guided by Capt. B. S. White, a Poolesville man -and a member of his staff who knew the entire country thoroughly, so -that, while the Federal forces were looking for the enemy further down -the stream or at points higher up, White piloted them to the ford and -saw them in safety on the other side. - -It was one of the great events of military history; General Stoneman -with infantry and cavalry was stationed at Poolesville, and Pleasanton -was in readiness at the mouth of the Monocacy, places which the astute -Confederates carefully avoided. The net results of the expedition -were the destruction of public and railroad property in Chambersburg -to the amount of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars; two hundred -and eighty wounded and sick prisoners, paroled; thirty United States -government officials and other citizens of prominence, captured and -forwarded to Richmond, to be held as hostages for Confederate citizens -held by the North, and more than twelve hundred horses brought away to -replenish the mounts for the daring rebels. Within twenty-seven hours, -the Confederates had ridden ninety miles, encumbered with artillery -and captured horses, and had forced the final passage of the Potomac -virtually under the very eyes of the Union forces, their only loss -being two men who wandered away, and the only casualty was the wounding -of one man. Not a few observers in the Union ranks wondered why things -were thus, and Hooker's pertinent question, "Who ever saw a dead -cavalryman?" is remembered. - -An interesting postscript to the escape of Stuart and his men came -about soon after when Poole and Leslie of Company K, in spite of the -strict orders as to watchfulness and care, laid off their clothes, when -on picket, and swam over to Harrison's Island where they found no other -rebel than an old mule, feeding in solitary, but on their way back -they found in the river a pair of saddle-bags that had belonged to the -Chaplain of Hampton's Legion, one of Stuart's force, and evidently lost -in the crossing. The contents consisted in pious tracts, a vest with -Confederate buttons, needles and thread, and a hospital flag, a yellow -cotton affair, which years afterward would be one of the finder's -choicest relics. Leslie was always very sorry that those tracts were -not distributed among the Johnnies, for he thought they needed them -badly. - -The same rain that had made the rebel raid all the more difficult -rendered the return of our men to camp very uncomfortable, but they had -learned something of what might be expected of them. Besides, during -the evening they acquired a bit of military knowledge from certain -troops under Gen. D. B. Birney of the Corps, lately commanded by Gen. -Phil Kearney. They too had come in a hurry from Hall's Hill and found -themselves too late for the game. - -[Sidenote: OCT. 14, '62] - -It had been a hard day and the men were tired and hungry; flocking over -to the camp of the Thirty-ninth, they were cordially received and the -Massachusetts men generously gave what they could to the comfort of -the weary soldiers, receiving in payment many thanks and some pretty -large stories of the fights in which the older soldiers had been. One -of the latter's first acts was to build great fires, using therefor -the fence rails, hitherto untouched by the Bay State lads, this being -in conformity with orders, but the experienced campaigners cared -not a copper for rules, but speedily laid hold on the combustible -matter and lighted roaring fires that astonished the lately arrived. -Such desecration was not to be tamely endured by those who strictly -interpreted the law, so the colonel of the Thirty-ninth undertook to -stay the hands of the wet and muddy soldiers and thus to save the -fences, but the veterans of the Peninsula, Groveton and Antietam were -not to be diverted by mere language, and the conflagration continued -till long lengths of zigzag fence had disappeared. - - - - -MOVING AGAIN - - -Tuesday, the 14th of October, saw the regiment again in line, and -marching something like eight miles towards Washington to Seneca -Landing, camping there for the night. The land was low and wet near -the canal, and in the morning all turned out as wet as if they had -been in the rain, so dense was the fog that overspread the locality. -By morning's light, a new camping-place was found on a high hill, -half a mile to the rear, where camp was once more pitched, the Sibley -tents having arrived; the location was the same that was occupied by -the Second Massachusetts Infantry in the winter of 1861 and 2; the -Landing, about twenty-five miles from Washington, was at the mouth of -Seneca Creek and was a depot of supplies for the army. A noteworthy -arrival of mail is chronicled for this place, since in the maneuvers -of the last few days, a large quantity of such matter had accumulated -at Poolesville and it is recorded that fully eight bushels of letters -and papers were distributed among the men, hungry for news from home. -Hitherto, the Thirty-ninth had acted in an independent capacity, but -on Friday, the 17th, orders were promulgated, organizing a brigade, to -be under the command of Brigadier Gen. Cuvier Grover and to consist of -the Thirty-ninth, the Tenth Vermont, the Fourteenth New Hampshire and -the Twenty-third Maine along with a battery and certain cavalry, the -same being an independent brigade, though under the ultimate command of -General Heintzelman, who was in charge of the defenses of Washington, -the duties being similar to those hitherto performed. - -During these days, while there were drills, inspections and other camp -duties, the enlisted man had time, or he took it, to visit neighboring -farms, to quiz the natives, to sample the products of the land and -in many ways to prove his derivation from Yankeedom. The men found -the negroes glad to see them and ready to hurrah for the flag, while -suspicion was generally harbored that professions of loyalty on the -part of slave-owners were not particularly sincere. Target shoots were -indulged in, a practice of which there should have been more throughout -the army; Sunday, the 19th, was remarked as quite uneventful, since -there were only inspections and dress parade, and no alarm of any -sort. October 20th orders came to pack up, and a removal to the mouth -of Muddy Branch was made, possibly three miles nearer Washington, -where the old routine was continued. As the name of the stream would -indicate, the locality was still very unhealthy, being low and damp, -but the duties were less arduous when on picket, through there being -less posts and less hours of duty. Illicit traffic with the enemy had -to be strictly watched and prevented. - -[Sidenote: OCT. 21, '62] - -On the 21st, a long stretch of embankment on the canal breaking -away, a detachment of five men from each company was made to proceed -to the scene, some three miles down the stream, and to repair the -same, an employment hardly contemplated when they enlisted. However, -they succeeded in stopping the crevasse and permitting the renewal -of transportation. Though comparatively near the base of supplies, -provisions at times were scarce and hardtack and water seemed scant -rations for men accustomed to more generous fare. If, under such -circumstances, soldiers foraged occasionally, sometimes paying for what -they got, more often not, why, it was only a part of the game that -the North and the South were playing; and to prove themselves rapidly -progressing, October 24th, ostensibly in retaliation for excessive -charges, a raid was made on the regimental sutler,[C] mulcting his -assets to the amount, so said, of about eighty dollars. - -The section guarded by the Thirty-ninth and the other regiments of -the brigade, being on the canal and river, was one pretty thoroughly -traversed by the Union soldiers and those who kept diaries made many -interesting entries. There was a constant passing of boats on the -canal and all roads led to Washington. Negroes on their way to the -Nation's Capital might be intercepted, but if the black man asserted -that he was running away from his master, he would have been a rare -soldier who would turn him back. One colored person, thus halted, very -aged, claimed to have been a slave of General Washington and, in reply -to a query, said that the Father of his Country looked very brave. -Though situated on the top of a hill, the constant wet weather made -the surroundings of the camp anything but agreeable, the soil being -soft and sticky; to crown all misfortunes, occasionally a tent would -collapse upon its occupants in the midst of rain and wind, resulting -in hurried action on the part of the unfortunate fellows who may have -just come in from the exactions of a prolonged tour of picket duty. - -Lucky was the man on picket when the last day of October rolled round, -for on this date there were inspections and waitings in line, armed -cap-a-pie, sometimes at a "shoulder arms," drills, reviews and a muster -for pay. Everything seemingly that could be rung into a day's work was -had. Perhaps the fact that the muster for pay covered two months of -service was as agreeable an exercise as the day afforded. It was during -these days that at least one company, possibly more, undertook to -repeat the game so nicely played by Birney's veterans when they camped -near the Thirty-ninth at the time of Stuart's crossing the Potomac; in -other words, representatives of the companies, under supposed proper -orders and directed by sergeants, went out some distance from camp and -secured a good supply of well dried fence rails for the use of the -company cooks in the preparation of food. The matter was thought quite -proper, until the men were ordered into line and compelled to pick up -what rails had not already been chopped into firewood and to carry -them back to the place where they were obtained, though in depositing -them the soldiers surely raised a sign of offense before the doors of -the parties making complaint. Somehow the men could not be made to -appreciate the tender manner in which some in authority thought the -residents should be treated. - -[Sidenote: NOV. 11, '62] - -While each day brought its regular round of duty, there was little of -novelty in successive days, the soldiers gradually hardening into the -restraints and exactions of camp life. The 7th of November brought the -first snow fall of the season, and though only about two inches of the -fleecy reminder of northern regions fell, it was enough to impart a -robe of whiteness to Mother Earth and boys-in-blue had the pleasure of -snow-balling while it lasted, which was scarcely more than twenty-four -hours. The 9th was Sunday and it brought the regular inspections, -though the rain and cold prevented religious service and dress parade. -The cold was severe enough to freeze liquids left by the occupants -in their tents while out on duty. Monday, the 10th, marked a brigade -inspection by General Grover, which the men inspected voted much -easier than those made by their Colonel. This was the last appearance -of General Grover in the brigade since on the 11th he was ordered to -report to General N. P. Banks, who was organizing reinforcements for -the Department of the Gulf. A native of Maine and a graduate of West -Point, 1850, he had won honors at Williamsburg, Fair Oaks and at the -Second Bull Run. As commander of a division in the Nineteenth Army -Corps he will win still further laurels both in the extreme South and -in the Valley of the Shenandoah. His independent brigade had grown to -respect him highly. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[C] The privilege of piecing out the regular rations and of providing -luxuries, not thought of by the commissary in his wildest dream, was -accorded in the Thirty-ninth Regiment to Gilbert and Sumner Pullen, -both natives of the State of Maine and enjoying the kinship of Second -Cousins. After the war, Sumner Pullen, whose home was in Dedham, was a -travelling salesman throughout his business life. He died in Dedham, -Sept., 1890, aged 79 years; of Gilbert Pullen, no data subsequent to -the war have been found. - - - - -OFFUTT'S CROSS ROADS - - -The departure of General Grover was followed by the assignment of -Colonel Davis to the command of the brigade and the elevation of Lieut. -Colonel Peirson to that of the regiment. In close connection with the -foregoing, a change of location was ordered by General Heintzelman and, -on the 13th, another move towards Washington was effected. Turning -out long before daylight, an early breakfast was eaten and the line -of march was begun before sunrise, the terminal being Offutt's Cross -Roads, some twelve or more miles from Washington, the crossed roads -being that from Rockville to Great Falls, and the turnpike which -paralleled the river and canal, terminating at Tennallytown. There -was a deal of grubbing out of stumps and other obstacles necessary -in providing for a parade ground, though the site was considered -better than the one just left, even if there was no adequate supply of -water near. All the other regiments in the brigade were camped close -by, viz.: the Tenth Vermont, the Fourteenth New Hampshire, and the -Twenty-third Maine. In honor of the retiring brigade commander, the -new stopping place was named Camp Grover. - -In diaries of the period two quite diverse entries are found for the -15th, one stating that Colonel Davis, acting brigade commander, was -thrown from his horse, though fortunately he was not seriously hurt; -the other that the band of the Fourteenth New Hampshire played "Home -Sweet Home" so beautifully that it made a wave of homesickness sweep -over and through the brigade. A company from each regiment in the -brigade was sent out by Colonel Davis to look after some of Captain -White's guerrillas. A distressing accident was that of the 17th when -James W. Finn of Company I, only eighteen years old, a farmer boy of -Natick, fell from the containing wall of the canal-lock into the water -and was drowned. During these days, the men were learning how to make -their tents warmer through a system of stockading, and there was need -enough of it, since cold weather had begun. Of all the regiments, there -is a large representation in the hospitals, though the Thirty-ninth -is better off in this respect than the others. However the best is -bad enough, for on the 21st Charles H. Morrison of the Natick company -passed on, followed on the 22d by Sumner P. Rollins of Somerville, a -young man of eighteen years. Again on the 23rd, two more men of "I" -crossed over, George L. Fogg and Francis E. Mann, and on the 25th, died -Francis E. Newhall, also of Natick. Hugh Connoly of the Woburn company -died November 25th. In the five weeks' stay at this point, the Tenth -Vermont lost twenty-five men, their funeral marches through the camp -being of almost daily occurrence. - -[Sidenote: NOV. 27, '62] - -Two and a half miles from the canal, at or near Great Falls, where -begins the aqueduct which carries Washington's water supply, a -considerable portion of these soldiers' duty was the guarding of the -Government buildings there, including a bakery; near by was a large -freestone quarry whose product was utilized in the building of the -reservoir and the aqueduct itself. Considering the rain, which was -very prevalent, and the mud which deepened on little provocation, the -distance seemed to grow as the days advanced. On the 24th two companies -were sent off in a hurry to intercept some of Stuart's cavalry said to -be in the vicinity of Edward's Ferry; nothing came of the effort more -important than the capture of two negroes. There was little going on -that did not involve the colored man more or less. Even Mr. Offutt, -for whom the cross roads are named, had been in the Old Capitol Prison -because of his inability to render up one of his slaves when called for -by General Jas. S. Wadsworth, when the latter was military governor of -the District of Columbia. - -November 27th was Thanksgiving Day at home, possibly the most generally -observed day in New England. For several preceding days there had -been a steady stream of packages from the homeland, indicative of the -appreciation in which every soldier was held somewhere. Of course these -boxes and bundles contained articles of comfort both for internal -and external use. The approach of the day on which the Governor and -State Secretary unite in "God Save the Commonwealth" brought out many -expressions of wonder among the soldiers as to how the day would or -could pass without something unusual in the way of food. The care and -foresight of the home-army supplied the answer to the query, whether -expressed or not, and though there was no general table around which -the hundreds gathered, in some way it was possible for the greater -portion of the men to feel that the day had its special significance -even if they were far from home. Company K, which hailed from Woburn, -was especially well served, and the display of boxes and other -receptacles in the company street excited no little admiration, not to -say envy, in the minds of some not so well provided for. It is stated -that even fluids, particularly interdicted, were smuggled through -some of the packages, notwithstanding the thorough search of the -captain, and specimens of Northern distillations were submitted to that -officer's approval. From that date, "canned tomatoes" acquired a new -distinction. There was a release from the greater part of camp duties -and the time thus secured was devoted to baseball, football and the -other diversions so easily devised by the American youth. - -[Sidenote: NOV.-DEC., '62] - -A feature of the Thanksgiving spread, possibly not wholly understood -at the time, came out subsequently when the "boys" learned how much -work their pleasure had cost others. C. F. Whitney of Company I was -serving as wagoner, and the night before the 27th, soon after "Taps," -he was aroused by the wagon-master with the statement that there was no -hardbread for the men, that the morrow brought Thanksgiving; he ordered -Whitney to proceed to the Canal Locks, about three miles away, and with -the commissary sergeant get a load of 'tack. Having worked hard all -day, Whitney naturally demurred, but he had to comply, so he harnessed -his six mules, took in Sergeant Hilton and started on his night ride. -It was after 10 o'clock, the sergeant went to sleep at once on a bed -of bags in the bottom of the wagon, but no such comfort attended the -driver who, in his saddle on the wheel-mule, had to look after things. -About halfway to his destination, he had to pass through a stretch of -always muddy road, now actually overflowing with water, so deep in -places that he had to take his feet from the stirrups to keep them dry. -Night work of late had fallen to Whitney's lot, hence he was sleepy to -the point of actually dozing off while in the saddle, this of course, -after getting through the morass, and from this semi-sleeping state -he was suddenly roused with the cry of "halt," uttered seemingly by a -dozen voices. With as many bayonets pointed at his breast, his first -thought was of "Johnnies," but he put on a bold front and shouted, "Let -the mules alone, I can handle them myself." He would not tell them -where he was going neither would he give the countersign, because he -had none, nor had there been any picket-line along the way before. All -this time the sergeant had slept on in his cosy bed, but he was roused -and proved equally ignorant of the password. It seemed that the Tenth -Vermont, camped near, had just established a picket-post at the place, -and the men were acting according to instructions; much to the disgust -of the two men of the Thirty-ninth they were compelled to turn about -and return to their camp; nor did their troubles end there for, having -cared for his animals and being on the point of turning in himself, -the quartermaster again informed the driver and the sergeant that they -would have to go back for that load of 'tack. So back they went, mules, -mud and all, and with the countersign, getting by the Green Mountain -boys, they reached the canal boat which they found having a great pile -of Thanksgiving boxes from the North; wisely choosing these instead of -the hardbread, they took the offerings to camp, reaching the same just -after reveille, and had no trouble in unloading; and this is how the -regiment got its spread for Thanksgiving. - -The remainder of November and the beginning of December had no special -variants from the recent routine of drill, police and picket duty, -though the scribe of Company K makes mention of the formation of a -"construction corps" from a portion of that company, the object being -the erection and equipping of a structure which should be used as a -bath-house and a barber-shop. The labor essential to the cutting down -of the necessary timber, the transportation to camp and its preparation -there for use, absorbed the time and attention of a large number of -men, who welcomed a relief from the constant round of drill with its -endless repetition of facings, pacings and flank-movements, though -the work performed was by no means light. At the same time increased -labor fell on those who were obliged to perform the picket, sentinel, -guard and other duties which were incessant. In the night of the 14th, -a party of rebel raiders surprised in Poolesville a detachment of -Scott's Nine Hundred, a New York Cavalry regiment, resulting in the -capture of a number of the Union soldiers, with the death of one and -the wounding of others. The place being so near the earlier camps of -the Thirty-ninth, on or near the Potomac, the men were not surprised at -increased vigilance in the placing of pickets all along the interval -between the Cross Roads and the Leesburg pike. An observer in Company -B says for this day, "Buried one of our men by the name of Hiedenway -(David), the first one in our company." - -During these days, news from the terrible battle of Fredericksburg -began to filter into the camp, at first very favorable for the Union -side and then the awful truth came in all of its horrors. Our men of -the Thirty-ninth had brothers and friends by the hundreds in the Bay -State regiments that suffered there, the news, by no means, making -easier the duties of the guardsmen along the Potomac. The weather was -cold and any proposition to move from the well established camp was -exceedingly unpopular, but just such intimation came in the evening -of the 20th, when orders were received to be ready to march. The boy -who wrote in his diary "We have just got nicely settled for winter" -learned, ere he was many months older, that wars are not conducted -on the basis of being comfortable. The four regiments of the brigade -were in line by nine o'clock in the morning of the 21st. Fortunately -the weather was fine and the start was made, with music by the band, -and six of the miles were marched, before the halt was made for the -preparation of dinner. As Poolesville, the destination, is about twenty -miles away from the Cross Roads (Offutt's) there yet remained a deal of -walking to be done. With all of their camp belongings, over the frozen -ground, the distance seemed greater than it really was. - - - - -POOLESVILLE - -[Sidenote: DEC. 21, '62] - -It was after dark, 6 o'clock on the evening, when the village was -reached. Once a fairly prosperous Southern town, Poolesville revealed -at this time a sorry spectacle of the ravages of war. Many of the -men had straggled, unable to keep the pace of the hard march and only -about one-fifth of the entire body arrived with the colors, but the -delinquents limped loyally in, though late. Accommodations for the -night had to be found wherever available, the village church holding -many, the schoolhouse others; many found shelter in barns and not a few -sought sleep on fence rails whose native hardness was softened a bit by -straw obtained from a nearby strawstack, though its complete demolition -was prevented by those soldiers who had managed to burrow into it. A -sergeant of Company E who kept a small quantity of "commissary" for -medicinal purposes had entrusted the precious flask to the keeping of -John Locke, the most likely member to be faithful to his trust. Alas, -when the sergeant called for the flask he got it empty, the contents -had gone to help dry the thoroughly saturated comrades of Locke, who -thought the boys would never have greater need. While in the morning -of the 22d, some of the regiment were detailed for picket at Edward's -Ferry, more remained in the village. Some of Scott's Nine Hundred, the -regiment that had suffered from White's guerrillas about a week before, -chose this day as one for wreaking vengeance on certain storekeepers, -one of them Jesse Higgins by name, these natives being suspected of -complicity with the enemy. The goods of the merchants were thrown -out regardless and the lucky soldiers who chanced to be near helped -themselves to whatever they liked best, though Companies B, H and K, -being at the Ferry, missed their share of the wreckage. In Poolesville -were thus halted the Thirty-ninth and the Fourteenth New Hampshire; -the Tenth Vermont went further up the river and the Twenty-third Maine -found its post lower down. - -Duty along the Potomac was not unlike that performed some weeks before, -but in the interval these men had learned a deal; not only had they -been drilled but they had observed that all of the people resident in -the vicinity were not wholly loyal, that many of them were ready to -pass the desired word along to the enemy whenever opportunity offered, -and for such reasons they determined to piece out their own rations -with whatever was obtainable from the citizens. Nothing that was -edible and transportable was safe from the predatory hands of the men -and boys who, a very few months before, had been conspicuous in their -own localities for their sterling honesty and straightforwardness. -War and so-called necessity worked wonderful transformations in these -well reared New Englanders. If all the stories that have been told in -subsequent years may be believed, the marvel is that the natives had -anything left to subsist upon. December 23rd brought the camp-stores -and equipage by way of the canal, and a large force was set at work -cutting away trees to make ready for the new camp. The site chosen -for the camp was that on which the regiment had halted at the end of -its first considerable march, that from Arlington in the preceding -September. A large detail of men from the several companies, not on -picket, worked hard through Wednesday the 27th, to properly pitch the -tents and so collect the men into camp once more. - -[Sidenote: DEC. 28, '62] - -Of course the 25th of December came to Camp Davis, the name of the new -winter quarters, just as it did to the rest of the world, but signs of -Christmas were painfully lacking. One youth made this record, "To-day -is Christmas; four of us went out of the lines and got a Christmas -dinner and had it charged to Uncle Sam." Furnishing food to Union -soldiers in those parts must have been like a lottery with the chances -against getting anything back. Said another observer, "Christmas day! -And we would not know it by the work going on in camp; dined on salt -beef, more commonly known as 'salt-horse'." The later days of the month -were devoted to properly equipping the camp which, for location, was -the best yet occupied except for wood and water, the latter having to -be brought fully half a mile, and the former was two miles off. For -purposes of drill the parade ground was unexcelled and was extensive -enough to admit of the maneuvers of an entire division at one time. -Once more the Sibley tents are stockaded and the men believe that -winter quarters are really realized. In the light of later years, the -occupants of that camp claim that there was no better in the entire -army. Though located on a level plain, it was so well drained that no -amount of rain was able to render it disagreeable underfoot, a fact -which no doubt contributed to the prevailing health of the men. - -On Sunday, the 28th, as the men were falling in for inspection, their -eyes were gladdened by the sight of the Tenth Massachusetts Battery, -subsequently known to fame as "Sleepers," approaching Camp Davis. This -event is thus cheerfully alluded to in John D. Billing's excellent -history of the Battery, "'How are you, Boxford?' was the greeting -from the Thirty-ninth Regiment, as soon as we were recognized, and it -seemed like meeting old friends to fall in with those who had been -encamped with us on the soil of Massachusetts." It was a strange stroke -of fortune that should bring these Boxford neighbors again so near to -each other, for the battery was assigned to the brigade and found a -camping place close by. This day, too, brought to the ears of many, -for the first time since leaving Massachusetts, the sound of a church -bell, but it was not for these soldiers, who were still perfecting -themselves in the school of the soldier; lessons so well learned that -the Thirty-ninth stood second to none in discipline and soldierly -appearance, and better still in general health, conditions largely due -to the unceasing diligence of the Colonel, with whom drill seemed to be -the chief end of man, especially those wearing uniforms. Long before -daylight in the morning of the 30th, an alarm brought the men into -line and four companies of the Thirty-ninth with a single section of -Sleeper's Battery started off towards Conrad's Ferry where, as usual, a -crossing of the rebels was reported. In light marching order, over the -most difficult of roads, the party hastened to the scene, as supposed, -of trouble. Though there were the reaching of an island in the river -by means of a boat and a certain amount of fortifying, nothing came -of the affair and at 1 p. m., tired and hungry the return trip was -begun, ending at 4 o'clock, with every one out of conceit with military -movements. On the last day in the month the Regiment was mustered for -two months' pay, always a welcome exercise. - - - - -1863 - -[Sidenote: JAN. 2, '63] - -The new year was ushered in on Thursday, and the prevailing sentiment -among the men is indicated by this entry in his diary by one who -evidently had entertained other opinions, "The boys are rather blue -on the war subject; they begin to think they will not get home in the -spring." Very few soldiers had any idea of the many long and weary -months before them. The first men who went out, the Three Months' Men, -thought it hardly possible that it would take all of their projected -term to wipe out the Rebellion, nor were the rebels any less in error -in their estimate of the duration of the conflict. In the middle of the -month, the same writer once more reflects thus, "Our hopes of getting -home in the spring are somewhat blighted," yet he and his comrades -attended strictly to duty just the same. As the month progressed, -the men had full opportunity to size up and adequately estimate the -village near which they were encamped. Like everything that ever fell -under the blighting hand of slavery, it exhibited a lack of paint -and enterprise. Poor Richard long since remarked that he who by the -plow would thrive must either hold himself or drive. In the South the -slave-owner did neither; superintendence was entrusted to the overseer -and what work was done, the slave did. How well this was accomplished, -the surroundings showed. It has been said that there were only two -loyal men in the village, Mr. Metzger, the postmaster; and Dr. Brace. -Under such conditions there need be little wonder that the Yankee boys -thought it no sin to spoil the Egyptians. - -It was in the night of the 2nd that some vagrant members of Scott's -Nine Hundred, that redoubtable New York cavalry body, which in December -had cleaned out Higgins' store, came back to do it again. On guard -was F. R. W. Hall of Company F whose brother, Eben A., was performing -similar duty in a neighboring building. "Whiskey" was the battle cry -of the New Yorkers and they sailed in to wreck things. At first, to -oppose them, was only "A little red-headed guard" and they soon found -that that _Hall_ could neither be hired nor scared, though he was -extremely happy to find soon at his side the brother, supposed to be in -another place. Both boys were "Sons of Temperance" and they proved to -the rummies that, once at least, prohibition prohibited, for the Halls -managed to keep the mob out till Lieutenant Paul appeared with the -reserve guard; even then the raiders did not subside, for they formed -under their leader preparatory to a fight. Not having their cavalry -outfit with them, they gave way to discretion, always the better part -of valor; and all the more readily when Lieutenant Paul gave the order -to charge, and they rapidly disappeared in the darkness. They had -succeeded in smashing all of the windows, however, and almost unroofing -Hall, whose gory scalp was proclaimed the first case of bloodshed for -the Regiment. Though Higgins might have been a rebel, he doubtless was, -the boys were set to protect and they always obeyed orders. - -The 5th of January beheld the return of Colonel Davis to the Regiment, -the command of the brigade devolving on Col. A. B. Jewett, of the Tenth -Vermont, who after all these weeks had discovered that his commission -antedated that of our Colonel just one day and there were people so -uncharitable as to intimate that he had had the document redated just -for this special purpose. Though there may have been those who did -not altogether love Colonel Davis, because of his excessive devotion -to drill, and the rigors of a soldier's life, all were as one in -their admiration of his military bearing and his fitness for the head -of the brigade, while his successor was notably lacking in all such -characteristics. The Colonel made his first reappearance at dress -parade and was greeted with a round of hearty cheers. In the evening he -was honored by the Regiment's gathering round his quarters, accompanied -by the band of the Fourteenth New Hampshire. The serenade prompted the -officer to make a very happy speech, thanking everybody for progress in -the past and urging a continuance in the same commendable direction. -That the head of the Regiment was deeply interested in the welfare of -his command was evident to every man. - -The month was not entirely devoid of interest and the sham-battle -between the battery and a portion of Scott's Nine Hundred (Eleventh -New York Cavalry), on the 6th, roused the admiration of all onlookers -to a high pitch; the rapid firing of the guns and the shouts of the -charging cavalry gave the boys a notion of what the real thing must be, -an impression rendered all the more vivid by the accidental wounding of -several of the combatants, through premature discharges and too close -proximity of certain ones. The endless round of all sorts of drill was -rendered less irksome by the remembrance of those at home who were -constantly sending choice bits of food for the delectation of their -dear ones in the field and, to crown all, on the 17th, came seventeen -barrels of apples for the Woburn company, right from the town that had -first produced the famous Baldwin apple, and the generosity of the "K" -boys was unstinted in distributing their pomological treasures among -their less fortunate friends. Sunday, the 18th, some three hundred -or more of the men repaired to the Presbyterian Church for religious -service, expecting to hear the Chaplain, but in his stead, Private -Batcheller, one of the older members of Company B, preached, a fact -well illustrating the diversity of talent among American soldiers. - -[Sidenote: Jan. 20, '63] - -The "knapsack-drill" of January 20th has lodgement in the minds of -many, the Colonel ordering that the 1 p. m. company drill be executed -in heavy marching order. Considerable growling and grumbling were heard -in the progress of the duty, and at its end Companies F and G gave -three rousing cheers for "knapsack-drill," an act that roused the ire -of the officer so that the companies were ordered on an hour's drill -without cessation. At the end of the battalion-drill, the Regiment -was formed in solid square and Colonel Davis very clearly explained -to the men his reasons for the heavy task imposed, dwelling on his -mortification at the episode of the morning. He said that whatever -had been done as yet, it was only a prelude to what must follow and -he desired the men to become inured to fatigue through such exercises -as those of the earlier hour, concluding his words by the remark that -if they would act like men, they would receive corresponding usage -from him. The next three days were marked by a very severe rain storm; -tents went down before it, and the sheds for the stalling of the -wagon-train mules, some one hundred and thirty in number, fell in upon -the animals. Covered with straw, and saturated with rain, the burden -became too great and the calamity followed, luckily not to the fatal -injury of any of the beasts. The 25th being Sunday, it is recorded -that some of the men went to prayer meeting and that in the afternoon -the Chaplain preached, though his auditors were chiefly from Company -A, the one in which he had enlisted. Of the 29th and 30th, it is told -that a snow storm that would have befitted Vermont or New Hampshire -raged, much to the discomfort of those on guard, while others had not -only to clear the company street but to free the parade ground for -brigade inspection, the same coming on the afternoon of the 31st and -being conducted by Col. Robert Wilson, of the Fourteenth New Hampshire, -Colonel Davis acting Brigadier-General, in the absence of Colonel -Jewett. - -February proved to be a stormy month, severe snow storms reminding the -men of the climate at home, but guard rounds had to be maintained, no -matter what the weather might be. On Monday, the 2nd, a battalion of -the Sixth Michigan Cavalry, Major Kenyon, appeared, and became a part -of the local Union force. Armed with the very latest of breechloading -carbines, they had every sign of ability to put up a good fight with -whatever foe the future might develop. Very likely no event of the -month gave the soldiers any more enjoyment than the coming of the -paymaster on the 6th, with the money that the Regiment had been looking -for so long and anxiously. "He took us all by surprise," says one -writer, "coming on the grounds at 3 p. m., with his four-horse team." -While a considerable part of the sum received went into the tills of -local dealers and of the sutler, by far the larger part was sent home -for the comfort of loved ones there, Company K sending thus fully -$2300. The payment was only to the first of November, and it was the -first coming of the dispenser of Uncle Sam's compensation since leaving -Massachusetts. He was employed two days in passing out the money. - -[Sidenote: FEB., '63] - -One of the episodes of this snowy Poolesville winter was the effort -that a certain notable member of Company ---- made to get out of the -army. On account of a certain grievance, real or fancied, he simulated -insanity so perfectly that there was a pretty general agreement that he -had lost his head. Having committed to memory the entire contents of -the American First Class Reader, he would station himself in the middle -of the parade ground and in the stillness of the night hours declaim -from the reader; even Colonel Davis began to think his man had lost his -reason. Had the soldier stopped here or had his readiness to say a good -thing, regardless of consequences, been under better control, his ruse -probably would have succeeded. In the system of rigid camp neatness, a -barrel for night refuse was provided for every company, to be carried -off each morning; to the increased astonishment of his comrades our -declaimer now added fishing to his pranks and most soberly bobbed for -bites in the filthy liquid. Finally Colonel Davis, after watching -the performance from the tent of a company officer, approached the -fisherman and asked what he was doing. "Fishing, sir," was the sober -reply. "What do you expect to catch?" says the Colonel; "My discharge, -sir." It was there that the man fell down, but he never could resist -the temptation to make an apt reply. Plenty of hard work soon restored -the orator and emulator of Izaak Walton to all of his normal senses and -to becoming a model soldier. - -During these days a strange rumor gained credence, viz., that the -Regiment, with the Fortieth and Forty-first was to be assigned to the -nine months' quota, the Government having found that the State had -exceeded its three years' allotment by three regiments. If the origin -of such insane propositions could be ascertained a great boon would be -conferred upon humanity, since many a man found himself most grievously -disappointed when the whole affair was recognized as an illusion. A -great snow storm began on the 17th, and for twenty-four hours raged -fiercely, changing finally into rain, which effectually removed what -otherwise would have occasioned many a backache; the men counted the -time well spent in checkers, cards and other camp diversions, in place -of regular drill. It was a sorry time though for those on guard. The -20th brought pleasure to the quarters of Colonel Davis, for, on this -day, his wife came to pay him a visit. Washington's birthday brought -another old fashioned storm of wind and snow, testing fully the texture -and endurance of the Sibley tents; fuel was scarce also, and, orders to -the contrary notwithstanding, neighboring fence rails found their way -into the fireplaces, thus giving a measure of comfort to the shivering -occupants. The only official notice of the day was the firing of a -salute by Sleeper's Battery, thirty-four guns, the report of which -could hardly be heard above the roar of the storm. - -As soon as the storm abated there was the usual heavy detail of men -from the several companies for the purpose of clearing the streets and -parade ground, the wisdom of such procedure had, by this time, become -apparent to the men, since they could go about their several duties -dry shod, while neighboring regiments plodded with wet feet through -the slush and mud which followed the disappearance of the rapidly -melting snow. Experience and observation are the best of teachers. A -very pleasant instance of camp amenities was exhibited in this month, -when First Sergeant Oscar Persons, of Company K, having been promoted -to a second Lieutenancy and assigned to Company D, was presented by -his late comrades with the equipments essential to his new position. -The presentation was made by Lieutenant Wyman, and the recipient -very happily responded. The ever obliging band of the Fourteenth New -Hampshire accompanied the men on their errand of love, and discoursed -music fitting to the occasion. The month ended with the bi-monthly -muster for pay, the same making the Government just four months in -arrears. - -[Sidenote: MARCH 17, '63] - -March will not be much, if any, improvement on the preceding month. -The demand for fuel to supply heat for cooking and also for rendering -the tents comfortable makes it necessary for details to go further -and further from camp, and it is very fortunate that so much of the -country has been allowed to grow up to forests. All men have to take -their portion of the chopping exercise and in the performance of all -camp duties. Possibly there was some abatement in drill on account -of the weather and consequent condition of the grounds, and if the -wearied soldiers were allowed a little more time in quarters, they -accounted it no real loss. Pertaining to the variable character of -the March weather, and illustrative of certain most admirable racial -characteristics, Abijah Thompson, of "K," tells the story of a certain -Irishman among the Woburn boys, the very best natured lad in the -company, who was on guard duty in the midst of one of the hardest -downpours of that torrential period. The weather, however, made no -difference with Colonel Davis, for his regular rounds were made, -rain or shine; when he neared Patrick the latter faced the officer, -presented arms and said, "Good marnin, Kurnel! It's a foin mornin' -this, if wan't for the rain." 'Tis said the Colonel laughed so hard he -almost fell off his horse. Both February and March witnessed a steady -coming into the lines of rebel soldiers, really deserters, whom it was -necessary to escort down to the City of Washington. To serve on the -squad which thus guarded the men-in-gray to the Capital was considered -to be a privilege. Also in this month, the authorities pursuing their -investigations determined that several so-called Union citizens of the -vicinity were really sympathizers with the South, and for such reasons -a Mr. Pleasants and Colonel Leonards were arrested and sent to the old -Capital prison. - -The 17th was "house cleaning" day and, the tents having been removed -from the stockades and everything carried out, the spaces were -carefully inspected by the surgeon, the lieut. colonel and Captain -J. Henry Sleeper of the Battery; the report of the officers was very -complimentary to the Regiment. Whatever the coincidence, the event -had no connection with the British evacuation of Boston nor with St. -Patrick's day. The two months were notable in the number of furloughs -that officers and men obtained for trips back to Massachusetts, not -long ones, but sufficient for a taste of home comforts and a sight of -the dear ones there. The month ended with the severest storm of the -season, the snow falling in great quantities, but at the period of the -equinox, snow cannot be expected to remain a very great while and it -departed more rapidly than it came. An observer on the spot wrote thus -in his journal for the 31st, "Woke up and found the ground covered with -snow; realization of the sunny South is very different from what I had -fancied it." - -April found the Thirty-ninth still in its Poolesville camp, that is, -when its members were not out on picket and other duties, the same -extending a long way up as well as down the Potomac. The weather was as -variable as ever, a mixture of good, bad and indifferent, yet through -it all the regiment maintained a fair condition of health. "Many jokes -and sells, for it was All Fools' Day," was the entry in a certain -diary for the first day of the month, and what nonsense a thousand -men of military age could not devise on such an occasion, it would be -difficult to imagine. The 2d was the regular New England Fast Day, and -a holiday was proclaimed by the Colonel, for which he received the -mental if not verbal thanks of all the "boys" who proceeded to enjoy -the day to the limit. Probably as large a proportion of the regiment -attended the religious services at 11 a. m., conducted by Chaplain -French, as were present at similar exercises at home churches in -distant Massachusetts. However this may have been, there was no failure -in taking part in the races, sparring-matches and various games, or -at least witnessing them. The baseball game was between the men of -Sleeper's Battery and those selected from the Thirty-ninth with the -honors remaining with the Infantry, though the cannoniers were supposed -to be particularly skillful in the throwing of balls. - -[Sidenote: APR. 11, '63] - -The 5th of April found the ground again covered with a heavy fall -of snow, and though it departed quickly it left a deal of mud and -discomfort generally. The roads and by-paths were not so well drained -as the grounds of our Bay State regiment. Thanks to the careful -annalist, we know that the new bakery was in working order on the 8th -and that the first batch of bread was to be baked that night. Too bad -that it had not come earlier or that any necessity for its coming -at all existed when the entire camp was so near the army bakery of -Washington. Once more rumors became current that moving day was near, -and Saturday, the 11th, it was given out that seven days' rations -would be drawn on Monday, the 13th, preparatory to departure. A target -shoot marked this last Saturday in the Poolesville camp. Sunday was -a beautiful spring day, though not as quiet as the day might be -elsewhere, for the bustle of preparation was evident on all sides. The -ever welcome band of the New Hampshire Regiment made the time pass all -the more rapidly with its vibrant melody. There were just two days more -in Camp Davis and then came the change. - - - - -A RAINY MARCH - - -The first orders were to the effect that the whole brigade was to -move, but these were so far modified that only the Thirty-ninth was to -go, though the New Hampshire Regiment followed later. Washington was -known to be the destination, and provost duty was understood to be the -occupation. The start was made in the midst of a driving rain, a fact, -however, which did not prevent the Granite State friends and those of -the Battery thronging about to wish their comrades a "God-speed." It -was pretty generally understood that the Thirty-ninth was selected as -the first to go because of the rasping relations, as to priority of -commissions,[D] existing between the respective colonels of the two -regiments. - -The storm did not prevent the New Hampshire band from turning out to -give us a hearty send-off and there was need of it, since the general -sentiment, long before the halt for the night came, was "the hardest -yet." "Now came an awful march through mud and water up to our knees; -many straggled behind, while others found it easier going ahead of the -Regiment." A stop for dinner was made in a wood by the roadside, and by -patience and care fires were made for the preparation of coffee, and -then we were off again till at a distance of fourteen miles from Camp -Davis, about three miles from Rockville, a very moist camping place was -found in some pine woods, and such rest as saturated garments would -permit was sought beneath the protecting cover of shelter-tents though -many, utterly miserable in their soaked condition, preferred to stand -before great fires which they had coaxed into burning. Others, more -thoughtful, but less careful as to orders, had taken the opportunity -to seek cover in barns and other places of refuge along the way, some -even getting good lodgings in dwelling houses, all confident that they -could easily overtake the Regiment after a night's rest and drying. -Appreciation of Maryland villages or hamlets was at the lowest ebb, -one observer charactering Dawsonville as a place of one house, a -blacksmith shop and a few other tumbledown buildings, while Darnstown -was considered appropriately named without further comment. - -The morning of the 16th came none too soon, and many of the boys who -were getting great lessons in the "school of the soldier," started -off before the regimental orders to march were given at 9 o'clock, -the rain continuing to fall, though not with all the emphasis and -continuity of yesterday. Those who had the money and started early -enough obtained excellent breakfasts in Rockville, the county seat -of Montgomery County, and by far the prettiest village these blue -clad wanderers had seen since passing through New Jersey, an opinion -coincided with by more than one regiment in subsequent months. Here -began a new experience since, thence onward to the Capital, the road -was macadamized which, however much dryer it might be for the feet, -soon began to make them exceedingly sore, more trying even than the -muddy roads thus far encountered. While thus advancing on Washington, -the headquarter's wagon was met on its way to Poolesville and, on the -order of Colonel Davis, the mail belonging to the Regiment was taken -out and distributed to the men, a most cheerful episode in an otherwise -very dreary day. - -[Sidenote: APR. 16, '63] - -Whatever the speed of the men who marched ahead of the Regiment, they -were all held up by the vigilant guards at the first post of the -pickets who were stationed around the entire city. This was a few miles -before reaching Tenallytown and, at the post, the advance stragglers -awaited the coming of the main body. Showers had been intermittent -throughout the day and, after a march of sixteen miles, the drenched -sons of Massachusetts were pleased to reach the above named place, -practically a Maryland village, though within the confines of the -District of Columbia. In or near the village was a large edifice, used -as a retreat for the priests and pupils of Georgetown College during -the summer season, and here the bedraggled Regiment found refuge, -reaching it through the great fortifications which surrounded the city, -portions of which had been seen on the Virginia side of the Potomac, -the nearest forts being Reno and Gaines. That straggling was common -became apparent when an entire company found ample space in a single -room, whose comforts were all the more comfortable as the men heard the -rain which persisted through the most of the night. - -"Somewhere the sun is shining" never had a more hearty greeting than -when, after so many hours of pitiless pelting, the morning of the -17th dawned clear and bright. Naturally there were orders to dry and -clean up, the house grates affording opportunity for one, and our own -industry accomplishing the other. It was ten o'clock when the start -was made, but alas for human expectations! In vain were all of our -burnishings, for the mud, Georgetown-way, was simply bottomless, and -long ere the latter city was reached, the Thirty-ninth looked even -worse than it did when Tenallytown was attained, though in their -anxiety to retain the morning's polish, in several cases dividing -fences were broken down that men might march between the street-fence -and the houses, thus getting out of some of the mud. The ineffective -rage of some of the protesting housewives is still remembered. But an -excess of mud and water could not efface the results of months of -the hardest kind of discipline and when "company front, by the right -into line" was heard, it was obeyed with a readiness and unanimity -that would have delighted the great Frederick and, baggage-burdened, -mud-bespattered and wearied with forty-eight hours of most trying -marching, the Regiment acquitted itself most admirably through the -streets and avenues of Washington. At last the men realized the value -of their arduous labors on the drilling-grounds of Poolesville; they -believed in their Colonel and his associate officers, and when they saw -their lines as an arrow straight, every one, in spite of all obstacles, -keeping perfect step, best of all they believed in themselves. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[D] Reference to the records of the officers, as given in the archives -of Vermont and Massachusetts, shows that Colonel Davis was commissioned -August 29, 1862, and Colonel Jewett on the 26th, though the document -was not issued until the 30th. Since possession is universally -considered nine points of law, it would seem that the burden of -evidence was on the side of the Massachusetts Colonel. - - - - -WASHINGTON. - - -The halting place was Martindale Barracks, named thus for General -John H. Martindale who, a West Pointer from New York (1835), had won -distinguished honors in the Peninsular campaign and, from the preceding -November, had been Military Governor of Washington. The barracks, -themselves, large and roomy, were located near the "circle," so called, -where Washington and New Hampshire Avenues intercept Twenty-third -Street, all being to the Northwest of the White House. The men had no -difficulty in recognizing the equestrian statue of Washington, by Clark -Mills, which, since February, 1860, had stood as the principal figure -in the Circle. The buildings to be occupied by the Thirty-ninth were -new, well ventilated and lighted, having all reasonable conveniences, -two stories in height, the first for officer's quarters, cooking and -dining rooms, while in the second story were the best of accommodations -for the men. The quarters had been occupied hitherto by one regiment -only, the One Hundred and sixty-ninth New York, which having reported -in Washington, in October, '62, had been doing provost duty until a few -days before when it was ordered to proceed southward to assist General -John J. Peck in the defense of Suffolk, Virginia. The hospital, large -and well equipped, won the admiration of the men though, fortunately, -there were few occupants during the regiment's stay in the city. - -[Sidenote: APR., '63] - -Such were the new appointments to which the Thirty-ninth was commended, -something of a change from its former rural surroundings, and a new -course of duties was about to be undertaken, though hardly had the -brightening up of uniforms and equipments begun ere orders came to -stay proceedings, for the regiment was to proceed at once to Fortress -Monroe, possibly to have a part in the Suffolk campaign. Had this order -not been countermanded and the organization had followed after the One -Hundred and Sixty-ninth New York, and had participated in the latter's -services, while the Thirty-ninth would have had enough to do, it would -have entirely escaped the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Weldon Railroad -and other experiences which make up its thrilling war history. Once -more settled in their new quarters, confident that provost work in -the Capital is before them for an unknown period, the men proceed to -burnish up their weapons, to wash, brush and brighten their uniforms -and by the time for dress parade, at the close of this first day in -Washington, the closest observer could not have detected any traces of -the tribulations through which the soldiers had so recently passed. - -It is a life of rigid routine to which the regiment is now committed; -military conventionalities in the highest degree are to be the rule for -nearly three months; no more "Go as you please" when on picket, nor -the free and easy conditions of the Poolesville camp for, seemingly, -the eyes of the public are on every man and he must be in the stiffest -form of polished brasses, dustless apparel and shiny shoes. The -discipline that was thought so severe before, now becomes doubly so. -Reveille sounds at 5.30 a. m. and thence onward till 8 o'clock, save -for breakfast, the detailed men are preparing for inspection, which -takes place at the office of the provost marshal, Captain Todd. When -on duty, the utmost punctiliousness is demanded and, if the men of -the Thirty-ninth do not approach perfection, it will not be the fault -of the regulations nor of the officers who direct. To such an extent -are the polishing and shining of the rifles carried that some of the -men are actually afraid that they will wear the barrels out by such -constant attrition. When fully settled into the system of provost and -other forms of duty, much of the old time drill is suspended, but there -is something to do every day, as much as if the men were laboring in a -shop, at the desk or on a farm. - -The chief exhibition occasions are those of dress parade when -distinguished people are not unlikely to appear. At such times, -President Lincoln is seen, and Senator Henry Watson, that Massachusetts -man of the people, is not an unusual figure. Is Colonel Davis proud -of his men? Rather, how his face lights up at the immediate and -perfect response to his commands, and every movement of the long line -of soldiers is an effectual refutation of the stilted idea that well -informed men cannot make good soldiers. Indeed the entire war was -proof convincing that thinking bayonets are the most reliable. Of the -satisfying spectacle of dress parade, an observer of the time comments, -"So perfect and strict were the drill and personal appearance that in -our line, of from eight hundred to nine hundred men, not the slightest -difference could be detected in any movement from one flank to the -other, as if performed by one man, and, in that test of perfect drill, -'Order arms,' though on a brick sidewalk, not one musket was behind -the other, all striking with one crash, which startled the spectators, -resembling a perfect volley of musketry." - -[Sidenote: APR., '63] - -It was a great change from picketing the banks of the Potomac and -doing guard duty about the Poolesville region, to patrolling the -thoroughfares of Washington and guarding such points as the War -Department, the White House, the offices of the paymaster and -quartermaster general, General Heintzelman's Headquarters, the medical -purveyor, the post office, the headquarters for forage, corrals for -horses and mules, contraband camps, courts-martial and other places of -kindred character. The men who had all of these duties to look after -grew to consider Washington a paradise for officers not on duty, but -quite the reverse for the enlisted man. The former could come and go -at his own sweet will while the latter, if he got a pass at all, was -subjected to so many conditions that more than half of the pleasure was -lost. - -At the same time, in one way or another, the Regiment grew to know -Washington pretty well; the most of the notable points were inspected -and the young men from far away homes took pleasure in seeing the -evidences of real home life on every hand; said one of them, "It seems -good to be in civilization once more." The 21st of April brought -the New Hampshire friends of Poolesville memory and those beholding -bade the Fourteenth a hearty welcome; the regiment was assigned to -quarters on New York Avenue, its principal duty being the care of the -Central guard house; a fact that resulted most happily when Lieut. -Carroll D. Wright, subsequently colonel, was in charge, for certain -inconsiderate members of Scott's Nine Hundred, having run in some of -the Thirty-ninth's men, without sufficient reason, that very efficient -officer released the prisoners at once, the incident being the only one -in which our Massachusetts men were even temporarily under arrest in -Washington. The two regiments partook of the neighborliness, so long -characteristic of the states whence they had come. - -Many a soldier boy made mention of the fact that on the 22nd Uncle -Sam's paymaster happened around and left four months' compensation, -squaring accounts to the first of March, and with "plenty of money in -our pockets" even provost guards could be gay and happy. An indication -of the steadiness of at least some of the men is found when a diarist -writes of the city division of the Sons of Temperance and the cordial -reception accorded him and the lieutenant who accompanied him; later -the same writer states that a large number of soldiers were present; -not all soldiers were or are dissolute. In these days the objects of -interest were pretty thoroughly inspected and many a lad thought his -blue coat quite in place in the President's blue room; and few items -near escaped them. They even noted the cow that furnished the milk for -the President's family, and some admired the equestrian Jackson, nearly -opposite the White House; they threaded the mazes of the Smithsonian -Institute, lingering longest over Catlin's wonderful collection of -Indian faces, and one recites his pleasure at meeting Frank Brownell, -the slayer of Jackson, the Mansion House murderer of Colonel Ellsworth -of the New York Fire Zouaves. On the 28th the shoulder-scales that -became a part of the display-uniform thereafter were dealt out, a fact -that secured for the Thirty-ninth the reputation from certain ignorant -fellows of being a regiment of major generals. The month ended with a -general observance of the National Fast Day appointed by the President -in compliance with a request of the National Senate that he set apart a -day for national prayer and humiliation. - -[Sidenote: MAY, '63] - -May found everybody intent on the struggle which Union and Confederate -soldiers were waging on the banks of the Rappahannock. Hooker, who -had been preparing since the last of January, had begun the campaign -which Union-loving people were wishing would atone for the disaster of -December at Fredericksburg. Again the latter name became familiar to -the national ear, and these Massachusetts men in Washington believed -that their fellow native of the Bay State would atone for some of -the earlier misfortunes. Incidentally much extra work came to the -regiment in the care of rebel prisoners, whom the Federals captured -in the later days of April and the earlier ones of May. Also, it was -the task of the Thirty-ninth to escort many of the captives to more or -less remote points for permanent retention. Another duty was that of -returning to the army at the front large relays of deserters, many of -whom had returned under the general amnesty proclaimed for them, and -in visiting Fredericksburg for this purpose, the escort had a chance -to see what real war meant. While following the forces in the field -up to and through Chancellorsville, there was no lessening of local -occupation and all articles of wearing apparel had to be kept just as -bright as ever. - -On the 10th much attention was attracted by the funeral procession of -General A. W. Whipple, one of the victims of Chancellorsville, having -been shot on the 4th, though he survived till the 7th. A native of -Greenwich, Massachusetts, he was graduated at West Point, 1841, and his -fellow Massachusetts soldiers felt almost a personal interest in the -tokens of respect as the procession passed, including, among many other -distinguished public officers, President Lincoln; the pall-bearers were -eight first sergeants from the Thirty-ninth Regiment. For many years, -thereafter, one of the great forts on the Virginia side of the Potomac -was to bear his name. Those of the Regiment, not on other duty on the -11th and 12th, had the benefit of one of the periodical scares liable -to any locality near the seat of war. Just before dress parade on the -earlier date, at a quarter of six, orders came to have the Regiment -ready to march to the Chain Bridge, the most northerly of the three -great connections between the District and Virginia. After supper, with -rubber blankets and overcoats properly slung, the men were in line, -prepared for the order to advance to repel any possible rebel raid. The -bridge is about five miles from the barracks and the troops reached -that point soon after 10 p. m. No sign of any enemy appearing, they -stacked arms by the roadside and proceeded to get what rest they could -from the materials in their possession, every one taking the trip as a -mild kind of lark. At an early hour of the 12th the return march was -made by the men, tired and dusty, though they were quite prepared for -the eight o'clock breakfast which the cooks had in readiness. - -It was not all work in Washington; there were pranks by the score, -and now and then one was written down in the book of someone's -recollection,--witness the following: "a corporal of Company A with a -guard was detailed to look after certain condemned goods some two miles -out; with stripes and chevrons he was as slick and dapper a youth as -ever wore a uniform. Without a cent in his pocket, and his entire party -of twelve men equally lacking, he took them all to the theatre to see -Maggie Mitchell play 'Little Barefoot'; he had said to the men, 'Be -ready at seven o'clock, sharp, with shoes blacked and with brass scales -on shoulders, the U. S. on the belts, well polished.' They obeyed and -were marched off the grounds and along Pennsylvania Ave., the Corporal -saluting any patrol they chanced to meet, right up to the theatre, -itself; past the ticket-office, and when tickets for the company were -demanded, the natty corporal threatened to arrest any one venturing -to halt or impede his men, so in they went to the very best seats in -the building, two dollar ones, and there he seated his squad. Never -was play better enjoyed and when, at 9 o'clock or later, a lieutenant -of cavalry looked the house over in search of parties without proper -credentials, the corporal rose and, like a veritable Crichton, saluted; -how could any officer disturb such serenity and immaculateness? He -asked no questions; not a boy in the party understood the circumstances -under which they were having the time of their lives, and the return -was quite as successful as the going; the whole affair, a triumph of -unqualified bluff and cheek." - -[Sidenote: MAY 24, '63] - -Very likely many good veterans never knew that the Northern soldiers -in Washington maintained an active Division of the Sons of Temperance, -having their meetings in Odd Fellows Hall, corner of Nineteenth Street -and Pennsylvania Avenue, and that, on public occasions, no branch -of the order turned out more men. Several officers and men of the -Thirty-ninth were deeply interested in the society, and one of them -records with some evident satisfaction the fact that he had closed a -rum hole and arrested the keeper, making one less source of temptation. -On the 24th the boys from New England, with eyes alert for anything -savoring of home, discover the passing of the Eleventh Massachusetts -Battery, the Commonwealth's only Nine Months' Artillery organization, -on its way homeward. Naturally the exchange of greetings was most -hearty. On meeting Major S. E. Chamberlain of the First Massachusetts -Cavalry, only recently severely wounded, yet out and ready to return, -an admirer writes, "If the service were made up of officers like him, -more would be done towards putting down the Rebellion." - -Pay-day came on the 28th, and the promptness of the Government won no -end of praise from the always impecunious soldiers, a feeling that they -were disposed at a later time to considerably moderate. - -The crowning event of the end of the month was the joint drill of the -Regiment along with the Fourteenth New Hampshire some three miles away, -in the rear of Mt. Pleasant Hospital on Fourteenth Street. It was hot -and dusty, there having been no rain for three weeks, but the men were -put through their evolutions by Brig. General Martindale, in a manner -that evidently met his approval, whatever those exercised may have -thought of it. White gloves and shiny scales suffered from the heat and -dust laden air, but the men bore ample testimony to the quality of the -drill on the old Poolesville grounds. However, the principal honors -came when the return was made, for though the route step was allowed -until the heart of the city was reached, then came the display moment -and, in column of companies, the Regiment wheeled into Pennsylvania -Avenue with the precision of a machine, winning the applause of the -crowd of officers who were occupying the piazzas of Willard's Hotel; -and without music, but with the regular tramp, tramp, that drill alone -can impart, the men marched to their quarters with an added notch in -their appreciation of what the Thirty-ninth could do. - -In the way of dust and heat, June was to be a trying month for the men -who had to keep themselves in the very primmest form possible, since -to be neat and speckless was deemed the highest attainment of a soldier -in town. In those days there was voting by the citizens on local -matters and the drift of the ballots cast on the first day of the month -gave indications of a large secession spirit in the city. On the second -day, the Thirty-fourth Massachusetts appeared in Washington for the -performance of duties, similar to those already falling to the lot of -the Thirty-ninth. Though from Worcester County and Berkshire there was -the common bond of statehood, and the Thirty-fourth also prided itself -no little on its discipline and well drilled ranks. One of the members -of the Thirty-ninth comments on the hardness of appearance of some of -the prisoners whom he had to watch over and remarks that, at the window -by his beat is a girl, about eighteen years old, who is a rebel spy, -and that for five months she was a corporal in the Union ranks. Of this -same person, Colonel Lincoln in his story of the Thirty-fourth relates -that, to curb her and keep her within bounds, one of his officers was -obliged to handcuff her. - -[Sidenote: JUNE 15, '63] - -So far as the amenities of Washington life for the regiment were -concerned, nothing contributed more than the evenings spent in -connection with the Sons of Temperance organization, of which something -might be said in addition to former items. Formed in the Poolesville -camp during the preceding winter, it had been chartered by the Grand -Lodge of Massachusetts and was known as Army Lodge, Number 39, and -after reaching the Capital, its membership increased to about two -hundred. No better indication of the moral quality of the regiment -could be found. Similar organizations among the residents of the -city were especially hospitable, and invitations to all sorts of -entertainment were of frequent occurrence. A festival on the 12th, -where not only the delicacies of the season were served, but where -literary and elocutionary ability were displayed, was long memorable -in regimental circles. Also long remembered was Monday, the 15th, -when large details assisted in bearing to the several hospitals the -grievously wounded from Chancellorsville, many of whom had been -lying on the field for almost two weeks with scant attention, some -having suffered the amputation of limbs at the hands of Confederate -surgeons. Carried upon stretchers as gently as possible, some of them -fully two miles, through the intense heat, some died on the way, -many more soon after arriving. While people along the route did all -that they could do to alleviate their suffering, the condition of -these unfortunate men was a startling lesson to all of the awful -possibilities of war. - -It would be very strange if the guarding of the White House grounds -did not occasion some meetings with the President. Of William S. -Sumner, Company H, a second cousin of Senator Charles Sumner, the -following is related: He had been stationed at a path, leading across -a recently seeded lawn, the path having formed a short cut to one of -the departments. Several officers had been turned back, when Sumner saw -the president approaching to take the cut-off himself. He was promptly -halted when the President exclaimed, "What's up, Sentry?" To this, -the sentinel replied, "The grass is up, Mr. Lincoln." Looking down at -his feet, the president said, "Some of it would be down, if I crossed -over the lawn. I gave the order to place a sentinel here and I am just -ready to be an offender." He commended the soldier for obeying his -orders so strictly, even to halting the President, and Sumner was also -commended by his own officers. Later when a comrade of his company had -obtained a sick furlough and could not secure transportation, Sumner -went with him to the White House, to present the case to Mr. Lincoln, -who, remembering the incident of the hold-up at the lawn, readily wrote -a line to the quartermaster which speedily brought the desired means of -going home. - -The campaign which was to reach its culmination at Gettysburg was well -under way. Lee was headed northward and Union Governors were speeding -troops towards the South to assist in driving him back. Naturally, -expectation was at fever heat and every rumor simply added to the -excitement. Some of the men who visited Baltimore to escort thither -certain prisoners found the city with barricades in the streets and -negroes working on fortifications, all under the apprehension of the -coming of the rebel army. Friday, the 26th, under the tidings that the -enemy was near Fort Massachusetts, north of Georgetown, the regiment -was ordered to be in readiness to move at a moment's notice. Ammunition -was given out and, in light marching order, the men were excitedly -expectant when the order came to turn in and "snooze." As the sequel -showed, had the Thirty-ninth and other regiments marched out beyond -Tenallytown, a great wagon-train might have been saved, but those in -command had not the power of reading the future. - -[Sidenote: JUNE 28, '63] - -How near the men came to meeting Stuart's Cavalry appeared a little -later. Rumors were afloat as to some sort of disaster on the Maryland -side of the Potomac and not so very far away from the District. The -result was that late at night, orders were received to start at once -for the scene of depredation and after a rapid march of several miles -beyond the Chain Bridge, line of battle was formed at about two o'clock -in the morning of the 29th. If all concerned could have known that the -terrible Stuart and his men were many miles away at the time, with -no thought whatever of molesting Washington or its defenders, very -likely the impromptu bivouac or "In place, rest" might have been more -comfortable than it really was. The event, in which any act on the part -of the regiment was altogether lacking, was one more of those audacious -deeds for which the Confederate Kleber was famous. Crossing the -Potomac at Rowser's Ford somewhat south of Poolesville, under the most -difficult circumstances, early in the morning of the 28th, he rode east -to Rockville, whence a detachment, a very small one, dashing towards -the District, encountered a wagon-train of one hundred and twenty-five -vehicles, heavily loaded, on their way to supply the Union Army, then -marching towards the north. Though Stuart was able to retain the train -and to take it with him into Pennsylvania, the delays occasioned by it -rendered him and his men much less efficient in the great encounter at -Gettysburg than they might have been otherwise. - -The resignation of General Hooker from the command of the Army of the -Potomac had produced many an expression of regret among the rank and -file throughout the army, but especially were regrets expressed among -the men reared in Massachusetts, the boyhood's home of "Fighting Joe." -With the steady progress of the rival armies northward, it was apparent -that a great battle was impending, and that all available troops would -be called into the fray, though the demand did not come quite as early -as expected. While on the banks of the Mississippi, Vicksburg, and -around the quiet Pennsylvanian city, Gettysburg, were acquiring new -significance in the world's history, the capital city, Washington, -was preparing for the celebration of the 4th of July, just as if that -were the only matter of importance. To begin with, all guards and -patrols were reduced one half in numbers, thus leaving a larger force -to participate in the parade. The military escort consisted of the -Second District of Columbia Volunteers, the Fourteenth New Hampshire, -the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-ninth Massachusetts Regiments. The civic -organizations of the city looked and marched their best; the Marine -Band discoursed the kind of music for which it was famous. Added -interest might have been given to the day, had news from the two -great battles, just fought and won, arrived in time. They would have -given the celebration the greatest cause for enthusiasm ever had by -an Independence Day, not accepting the first one of all. One prosaic -participant comments only this, "We marched from seven-thirty to one -o'clock; the sun terribly hot." So far as the military features were -concerned, the day ended at the Provost marshal's office, where all -were reviewed by Generals Heintzelman and Martindale. On reaching -their quarters, the soldiers were regaled with as good a dinner as -their cooks were able to provide. Another loyal Bay Stater entered on -his book these characteristic words, "It was very well, but nothing -when compared with Boston celebrations." - -Sunday, the 5th, brought to the city general Daniel E. Sickles, minus -the leg which he lost on the second day of Gettysburg, out by the -peach orchard. A detachment of the Thirty-ninth met the distinguished -officer and escorted him to his home. Official news of the surrender of -Vicksburg to General Grant was received on the 7th and loyal Washington -went wild with marching columns serenading prominent officials and -with the general illumination, the Martindale Barracks not accepted. -President Lincoln, members of his Cabinet and Major General Halleck -were called on and each one responded with an appropriate speech. On -the 9th came the orders which, long expected, were not unwelcome, for, -though the Washington tour of duty was free from long marches, the -risk of battle and the privations of camp, there was ever the thought -that the service was not strictly ideal for real soldiers, hence the -willingness with which dress coats and other form of superfluous -clothing were packed against their possible need in the following -winter. Contents for the knapsacks were chosen with considerable more -judgment than would have been used nine months before. - - - - -JOINING THE POTOMAC ARMY - - -[Sidenote: JULY 10, '63] - -It was about eight o'clock in the evening when the Regiment formed line -for the last time on the parade ground and the men marched off for -the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad station. The drums were beating and -laughter and shouting were quite in contrast with the solemn demeanor -of former passages through Washington, then intent on making and -retaining a reputation for discipline and self control. At the station -there was a considerable wait for the Thirty-fourth Massachusetts -and two batteries which were to accompany us. Hence it was late of -the ninth or, rather early in the morning of the 10th, before the -start from the city was made. Seven hundred and fifty strong, a -large shrinkage for the nine months of peaceful service, loaded upon -freight cars, the Regiment was headed for Harper's Ferry. All sorts of -items made the journey long and tedious; says one of the boys, "The -locomotive came near running over a 'nigger'; the train broke in two; -one of the cars ran off the track," and another observer comments on -the heat and closeness of the night and cars. The ride during the day -was varied with characteristic incidents of the halts where efforts -were made to secure food from nearby houses; at Frederick Junction -where a branch road runs up to the city, made famous by Barbara -Frietchie and Whittier, other troops joined the train and the same sped -on to its destination, not exactly the Ferry itself, but Sandy Hook, -the Maryland village opposite. - -Darkness had settled down when the train reached the point of -unloading, and the debarkation was effected with every one wishing he -could see the wonderful panorama that the place afforded, but before -the scenery could be enjoyed there was the biggest climb before the -men that they had ever undertaken. The road was only an apology for -one, though its mud was deep and adhesive; following closely one's -file leader was necessary, if a man would keep in the procession. -Finally there came a real climb up a mountain's side with every man for -himself, until there was a blessed emergence on a plateau where, mud -encrusted, the men threw themselves upon the ground and slept the sleep -of exhaustion. The sun of the 11th, was well up the sky, ere the -wearied climbers awoke to admire the scene developed around them. It -did not matter much at what time the waking came, since there were no -rations and the company cooks had no facilities for cooking even were -rations ready. It was not till a large detail had gone down to the -railroad and brought hence the hardtack, coffee and pork, that eating -could be resumed, each one becoming his own cook, though some of the -soldiers declared that a twenty-four hours' fast, along with unusual -exertion had made the repast the most appetising they had eaten in -months. - -Those thus inclined had a chance to view a landscape which had engaged -the attention of Washington and Jefferson, and which in more recent -times had been the observatory of John Brown, previous to the raid -which, without doubt, had helped precipitate the great conflict. Down -along the opposite banks of the Potomac were the blackened ruins of -the great armory, where had been made so many guns, now in the hands -of the enemy, and nearer the middle of the village was the fire-engine -house which was to go down into history as the "John Brown Fort." At -Harper's Ferry, the Shenandoah joins the Potomac, and, as a point of -vantage, it had been held by both rebel and Federal. A year before, -the place had been given up by Col. D. S. Miles to Stonewall Jackson, -and is now in Confederate possession, though the hurried construction -of a bridge across the Shenandoah indicates a disposition on the part -of the men in gray to depart. The retreat of Lee from Gettysburg had -involved the entire region in uncertainty, hence the ordering out of -regiments from Washington, and the presence in the immediate locality -of the Eighth, Forty-sixth and Fifty-first Massachusetts, nine months' -regiments, which on their way home from North Carolina were shunted off -into this section, along with the Thirty-ninth, forming a brigade under -the command of General Henry S. Briggs, first colonel of the Tenth -Infantry, also a Bay State organization. - -[Sidenote: JULY 12, '63] - -While individuals might improve the opportunity to admire the locality -and to secure whatever the vicinity afforded in the way of food, it was -not a tour of observation that took these men to this elevated section, -and about noon of Sunday, the 12th, came orders to move, but according -to traditional custom, the order was not carried out until six o'clock. -The march of the preceding night had convinced many that they were too -heavily laden, and there being near the camp an elderly gentleman of a -most obliging nature, he consented to take charge of bundles which the -men made up, and, carefully marked, left in his care, to be called for -later. Of course many who relieved themselves of burdens never called -for their possessions and the most of them thought the man himself -would become tired of his charge; but when years afterwards, a Woburn -veteran tried the experiment of writing for his package, it came back -to him forthwith, a remarkable tribute to the honesty and system of the -man. During the ensuing night very many, who had not thus anticipated -the exactions of the march, lessened their burdens by throwing away -what had become intolerable. - -The roads, trod by new regiments, were always marked by just such -evidence of the lessons of experience. The regiments thus starting were -the Eighth, Forty-sixth, Fifty-first and Thirty-ninth Massachusetts, -forming the Fourth Provisional Brigade of the Second Division, First -Army Corps; the respective commanders being Generals John Newton of the -corps, John C. Robinson of the division, and Henry S. Briggs of the -brigade. The Thirty-fourth, which had accompanied the Thirty-ninth from -Baltimore, remained and gave the parting good word as the Thirty-ninth -departed, the two organizations not to meet again until the homeward -march through Richmond in 1865. - - - - -AT THE FRONT - - -When a brigade advances, all portions thereof do not, cannot move at -once, hence it was fully nine o'clock in the evening of the 12th, -before all were fully under way. It is a forced march on which the -soldiers are entering, and those who are keeping the run of events -will merge the 12th and 13th together, there being no good stopping -place between them. As one writer expresses it, "up hill and down, so -dark that we can scarcely see, all night, right up to 5 o'clock in -the morning, when we halt for rest and breakfast in a belt of woods, -about two miles from Boonsboro."[E] The trials of that night were long -matters of reference, blankets were thrown away, so heavy did they -become under the severe strain to which all were subjected. When the -halt came, many threw themselves upon the ground for sleep, rather than -prepare their coffee, the prime source of strength to the campaigner, -and some of those who did set about breakfast getting immediately fell -asleep over the task, so completely worn out were the marchers by the -exactions of the night. - -[Sidenote: JULY 13, '63] - -Nor was the end yet, since all too soon for the tired soldiers the -sound of "assembly" calls them into the ranks and "forward" is again -the word. To crown their discomforts, rain begins to fall and the mud -to deepen, as the ranks once more press forward through Boonsboro, and -thence over ways trodden by the participants in the Antietam battle of -the year before, the men obey orders and, being at the right of the -brigade, they pretty effectually distance their friends in the other -regiments and, finding themselves practically alone, they are obliged -to halt and await the coming up of the remainder of the brigade; so -thorough had been the disciplinary drills on the Poolesville parade, -the men of the Thirty-ninth were equal to almost any exaction. The -termination of the long march was Funkstown, an insignificant Maryland -village, important only as the point near which was stationed a part -of the Army of the Potomac, all awaiting the word to advance against -Lee, whose forces had been unable to recross the Potomac, on account of -the heavy rains, which had greatly swollen the waters of that important -stream. - -Also the name had been heard a year before, when the Battle of Antietam -had for the first time given Funkstown distinction, otherwise it -might have slumbered a thousand years with no signs of awakening. To -the wearied men of the Thirty-ninth who, in twenty hours or less, -had traversed through rain and mud from twenty-five to thirty miles -of wretched roads any sort of place was agreeable for a terminal, -and they were glad to hear the command "Halt," and the subsequent -direction to pitch tents was equally grateful. Those that could turned -in early, but those unlucky ones who had to stand guard faced their -duty grimly, realizing that war was not altogether fun. A skirmish -line actively engaged, out towards the lines of the enemy, gave to -these inexperienced soldiers just the least foretaste of what hostile -bullets meant. There was a general feeling that the morrow would bring -the clash of arms, and that the days of preparation were over. Ten days -after Gettysburg, the Confederates, at bay between the river and the -Federals, must either fight, drown or surrender. - -Lieut. Colonel Peirson who, when a member of the Twentieth -Massachusetts had served on the staff of General Sedgwick, now -commanding the Sixth Army Corps, naturally improved the opportunity to -call upon his former leader. Our officer was received most kindly and -the situation was freely discussed, the General saying that he had just -returned from a conference of all the general officers, at which it was -decided that it was then inexpedient to attack Lee, his force being -about as large as our own and his position for defense being stronger -than ours for attack. So depleted were the regiments by the great -battle, so recently fought, the Thirty-ninth was as large as almost any -brigade. Years later, on meeting General Meade in Boston, the decision -of the conference was confirmed, the Potomac Army Commander telling -Colonel Peirson that the risk involved was considered too great. Of -course of this the rank and file, wondering when the orders to attack -would be heard, knew nothing. - -The dawn of Tuesday, the 14th, revealed an entirely different -situation; the Confederates, afar from their case of supplies, -impoverished as to ammunition by the demands of Gettysburg, hence in -no condition to attack even if so disposed, had worked industriously -all of Monday, the 13th, in constructing a pontoon bridge across the -Potomac, at Falling Waters, over which they had withdrawn during the -night. To the rank and file, the situation did not appeal as it did -to those in command who saw in the escape of the enemy the possible -results of the fierce engagement at Gettysburg vanish away. Men with -guns, as they advanced, were not encountering the expected opposition -and finally, when in the afternoon Williamsport was reached and still -no sight of the foe, the dullest man in line realized that the fight -for that day was off. One of the observers inscribes in his diary these -reflections, "If we had attacked the rebels yesterday, we might have -made great havoc among them, crossing the river, but, as it is, we -probably will have to follow them into Virginia; pitched our tents, -cooked some coffee and went to sleep." Another commentator remarks, -"The Somerville (E) Company is detailed as guard at General Newton's -headquarters." - -[Sidenote: JULY 14, '63] - -History is now repeat to itself, since Lee with his army is moving up -the Shenandoah Valley as he did after Antietam, while Meade and the -Union army will follow the route of McClellan along the eastern side of -the Blue Ridge, appearing at each one of the successive gaps through -which the Confederates might essay a passage on their return to their -former stamping grounds. With what might have had been, had Meade done -this or that, we have no more to do than with the events which followed -Antietam, and a like dilatoriness on the part of McClellan in moving -immediately on the enemy's works. Our present concern is with and for -the Thirty-ninth Regiment which hears the reveille at five o'clock in -the morning of the 15th, with the injunction to be ready to march in -twenty minutes, a command which resulted in a start at six o'clock. The -day is hot and sultry, the pace rapid and again men rid themselves of -everything possible to lighten their burdens as they hasten over the -dusty Maryland roads. Funkstown is again sighted, though on the right, -and the battle-line of the day before is hurriedly passed. The gory -field of Antietam, where so many of the blue and the gray mingled their -life-blood, is also recognized and a halt is called near Antietam Creek. - -One of the early incidents of the day's march was the meeting of the -Sixth Corps and the First, rendering it necessary for the two bodies -to pass each other at nearly right angles. The writer also notes the -peculiar coincidence that this passage of the Thirty-ninth was effected -through the ranks of the Thirty-seventh, a Western Massachusetts -regiment; just a chance to say "Good-morning and Good-bye," all in -the same breath. It was on this day's march also that the news came -of the fall of Port Hudson and the bloody combats before Charleston, -South Carolina. Burnside's bridge, over the Antietam, is crossed in the -opposite direction from that taken by that leader a year ago and the -hurried way is pursued through Keedysville to Rohersville where the -camp is pitched for the night. It has been a hard day, with a record -of fully twenty-five sun-broiling miles passed over, and to crown the -miseries of the march, rations are scarce, in most cases entirely -lacking. The story is told that a goose was appropriated on the way, -with the hope that soon opportunity might be found for cooking it, -but the wearied men, successively, grew tired of carrying it and its -body was left for some luckier party, nearer the rear of the line, to -enjoy on reaching camp. The strain must be excessive which will cause a -soldier to throw away an edible luxury. - -As usual, the bugle summons the men from repose at an early hour on -the 17th and not a little rejoicing follows the announcement that -rations are to be drawn, so that the day's exactions will begin on full -stomachs. At not quite so brisk a rate as that of yesterday, the route -continues through Crampton's Gap, on to a hillside near Petersville, -not far from Catoctin Creek, a name often heard in stories of the -locality. Berlin, a village somewhat below Harper's Ferry on the -Potomac, is the name of the nearest river point, and all are pleased at -the chance to pitch their shelter tents, to rest, to clean up clothing -and weapons, and to realize that the soldier is not always on the -march. It was at this point that the chaplain and the men who had been -left in Washington rejoined the regiment. The 17th of July introduces -the variation of a heavy rain, yet this does not prevent our active men -from visiting neighboring regiments whose depleted condition contrasts -vividly with the full ranks of the newly arrived. Says one visitor, -"Some of the old regiments do not number more than our one company." -On this day, obedient to orders, the Fifty-first Regiment takes its -departure for the North and its muster-out, its entire tour of duty -from the first of the month having been over and above the time called -for by its term of enlistment. - -[Sidenote: JULY 17, '63] - -The assembling of a great army is ever a magnificent sight, and that -presented by the several corps of the Potomac Army, awaiting the laying -of pontoon bridges across the Potomac for the use of this great array -of humanity, forms no exception, a glorious sight even though seen -through showers of rain. It is the period also of wheat-harvest and, -notwithstanding the moisture, something of an idea is obtained of how -the staff-of-life looks in its earlier stages. There is a deal of talk -among the soldiers as to how they ought to have fought and finished -Lee, many of them believing that the end of the Rebellion might have -been effected at or near Williamsport. By the 18th, the bridges being -in readiness, early orders are given that all must be ready to advance -at four o'clock, and for a wonder the start is only half an hour behind -the appointment. The Fifth Corps and the cavalry crossed last night. -The Forty-sixth Massachusetts, one of the nine months' regiments, -accompanying us all the way round from Maryland Heights, is but a few -rods from the river, when orders are received to fall out and proceed -immediately to Baltimore and so Northward; for some reason, the Eighth -Massachusetts, in the same category, still continues in line. It was -in these days that certain of the regiment, thinking themselves so far -from the region of military precision they might essay a little abandon -of style, attempted to wear the "bell-hats," worn by some regiments, -in place of the visored, regulation caps required where style was -effected, but the Colonel would have none of it and to trade back was -the next thing necessary. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[E] It was during this strenuous night that General Briggs imparted to -the Thirty-ninth men near him, acting as bodyguard, the interesting -item that an old farmhouse near them was the very one in which "Old -John Brown," in October, 1859, had assembled his followers and whence, -during the night of the 17th, they went to the attack on Harper's -Ferry. As the Kennedy farm, the place of rendezvous, was within sight -of Boonsboro, it is not improbable that the morning's halt was near the -historic building. - - - - -IN VIRGINIA - - -Quite nine months have passed since that hurried departure from -Arlington for the Maryland side of old Potomac's shore and now, on the -18th of July, the sacred soil is again trodden by Massachusetts feet -as the regiment takes its way through a section that fairly captivates -the eyes of these men so far from home and, after a march of possibly -thirteen miles, the lovely village of Waterford is reached at about -two o'clock in the afternoon. Considering the unusual beauty of the -village, its marked similarity to just such assemblages of dwellings in -the North, the surprise of the visitors is not so great when they learn -that the place has furnished two full companies of soldiers for the -Union army. After a good night's rest, at 6 a. m. of Sunday, the 19th, -the regiment passed through the village, keeping step to patriotic -airs, while the people displayed Union flags and cheered the passing -men in blue; the scene would hardly have been different, were they in -one of their own Northern towns. Through a continuation of yesterday's -scenic beauties, the march is made to the village of Hamilton fifteen -miles away, also a beautiful place, and here the halt is made under -trees so umbrageous that tents are unnecessary, all declaring it the -very best camping place yet. The neighboring fields abound in seemingly -endless quantities of blackberries of which the hungry soldiers proceed -to eat their fill, not only satisfying hunger but proving an excellent -specific for certain ailments incident to the season. Had the officers -purposely directed the army this way, they could have done nothing more -opportune for the health of the men. What Northern home is ignorant -of the healing qualities of blackberry cordial? Better far than many -responses to the surgeon's call. - -[Sidenote: JULY 20, '63] - -The men thought the Sunday well spent and, after a twilight devoted -to reminiscenes, wherein of course home abounded, couches on mother -earth were sought, hoping that sleep might be undisturbed until morn. -It was well that rest was taken early for it is only two o'clock of -the 20th when morning sleep is broken by the bugle call; evidently a -long march is in prospect, but from characteristic delays, it is fully -five o'clock before faces are again set southward, the route being -through a section badly scarred by the ravages of war. About twenty -miles are passed over in reaching Middleburg, a place on the Alexandria -and Winchester turnpike, of some local importance, whose inhabitants -are largely if not entirely secesh, and we are told that many of them, -being in Pickett's Division, had suffered greatly at Gettysburg. Indeed -one lady, the mistress of a large and elegantly furnished mansion, -apparently one of the F. F. V.'s, who very kindly responded to the -requests of the Union soldiers, when thanked most respectfully for -her consideration, replied that she only wished people on the other -side might have done as much for her son who was killed at Gettysburg. -On the way hither, the regiment has the new experience of fording a -stream, Goose Creek, from two to four feet deep and from 80 to 100 feet -wide. - -A heavy picket line is thrown out because of the proximity of -guerrillas, who prowl around like jackals intent on mischief; and they -already had captured several division staff officers who had ridden too -far ahead, for the purpose of selecting proper camping grounds. The -tour of picket duty was not without its compensation since an abundance -of blackberries was revealed by the morning of the 21st which, with -food foraged from the enemy's country, helped out the somewhat reduced -rations of the haversack. In the preceding night Samuel W. Joyce, -Company C, a Medford boy, had died, worn out by the exactions of the -expedition, and a prayer by the chaplain is the sole service as his -body is committed to the earth, since in active warfare scant time is -found for burial ceremonies. The entire day is passed in this camp, -thus affording a needed rest while time is found for observation, not -alone of the neighboring fields, abounding in berries, but of the -people among whom no men of military age are found and of the fact that -Confederate money finds greater favor here than the currency of Uncle -Sam, a peculiarity however that gradually disappears as the months -advance. - -It is two o'clock, p. m. when the command to pack up is heard, but it -is nearly or quite sundown before the start is made, since the brigade -is taking its turn on the left of the line; also the guarding of the -wagon train is committed to the brigade and in this somewhat arduous -duty the Thirty-ninth bears its part. Over roads, never conspicuous for -smoothness, now worse than ever, the troops and the train pick their -weary way till 3 a. m. of the 23rd, when White Plains is reached, a -distance of not more than eight miles from Middleburg, but a wearying -march nevertheless. It is pretty generally understood that both the -rebel and the Union armies are racing for the Rappahannock, and the -Federals have the inside track. The wagons are parked here, for mules -must, if men do not, rest, and those guarding have the privilege of a -bivouac for a short period, while the other troops have been resting a -large part of the night. Repose is enjoyed for about four hours when, -at seven o'clock in the morning, we are routed out and, two hours later -proceed on our route to Warrenton, some thirteen miles away, getting -there not far from five in the afternoon. Much to the astonishment of -the wearied marchers, a dress parade is ordered, and the men go through -the form, though they would much prefer to rest their tired bodies -prone upon the ground. - -[Sidenote: JULY 25, '63] - -Warrenton is one of the names which every one has heard, over and -over, ever since the beginning of the war, and all conclude that it -must have been a very interesting as well as beautiful place before -hostilities had marred its loveliness; the county seat of Fauquier -County it possesses all of the public buildings belonging to such a -place and betrays evidence of thrift, enterprise and culture. Secesh to -the core, the people prefer Southern currency, though they will also -take that of the North. In camp on a hill to the rear of Warrenton, -the 24th is spent, rations are drawn, letters written to the homeland, -and a big notch made in the stick of soldierly experience. With true -military routine a dress parade is had at seven o'clock, just for the -sake of maintaining the regimental altogethery feeling. Early in the -morning of the 25th march is resumed and continues through a dry, level -country, destitute alike of shade and water, the sun all of the time -giving indications of his heat rays; occasional halts do not negative -the fact that it is a long and tiresome march, on account of which many -a man would have been overcome by the heat had not all been thoroughly -acclimated in the vigorous drills of the preceding months. Thirteen -miles of desolation bring us to noon and Warrenton Junction and, best -of all, to the sight of water. The stream, though small and already -muddied by all sorts of animals in their efforts for drink, is none -the less sought with ardor by the thirsty men, who pronounce this the -dryest day in all their army experience. - -Here is found a depot of supplies, the communication by rail and -steam with Washington being direct and regular so that commissary and -quartermaster stores are replenished; near by is the whole Army of the -Potomac, though there is every indication of going further on every -hand and, while seemingly in direst confusion, no one appeared to get -in another's way, convincing proof that some guiding power had all -these different lines well in hand. What a chance to visit this and -that friend in other regiments, an opportunity of which hundreds of -men availed themselves, and many a meeting here was the last in this -life. Making camp in a nearby grove, rest is sought, save as it is -interrupted by rations-drawing, until there comes the order to fall-in -once more, but by this time the men have learned that a certain amount -of leeway is to be allowed in these marching orders, and they do not -respond with all of their former alacrity. It is from this point that -Major Tremlett, accompanied by men from several companies, goes North -for the purpose of looking after recruits expected from conscripts and -substitutes. The second installment of this day's march really began -about 7 p. m. and continued possibly seven miles to Bealton Station, -on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad. Lack of water had made the -morning's route hard to bear; nothing of the sort troubled that of the -evening, since a pelting rain beat upon the faces of the marchers, -filled the roads with mud and made the rivulets swelling torrents. With -a single exception this was the severest storm ever encountered by the -Thirty-ninth, that exception being the one when crossing the Occoquan -on the return of Washington after the surrender. It is one o'clock in -the morning of the 26th, that the regiment, though completely saturated -with rain, files into an open field, and finds such repose as it can -until the light of day. - - - - -FIRST ARMY CORPS. - - -It was here and on this day that the Eighth M. V. M., having -accompanied the Thirty-ninth in all of its wanderings from Maryland -Heights, took its leave of the Potomac army and, obedient to orders, -embarked at Warrenton Junction for Washington, its nine months' tour -of duty being long overpast, and a happy lot of soldiers they were, -with the prospect of a speedy return to their homes. Of course there -were the regular details for pickets, but the most of the regiment had -a chance to clean up and to rest after the exactions of the preceding -night. The departure of the Eighth caused the end of the Provisional -Brigade, under the command of General Briggs, the latter returning to -Washington, while the Thirty-ninth became a part of the First Brigade, -Second Division, First Army Corps, the division and corps being the -same as before; the other members of the brigade were the Thirteenth -Massachusetts, Sixteenth Maine, Ninety-fourth and One Hundred and -Fourth New York, and the One Hundred and Seventh Pennsylvania, the -Commander being Colonel Peter Lyle of the Ninetieth Pennsylvania -regiment. The dress parade at the close of this day was signalized by -a sequel to the bell crowned hats, already referred to, since a number -of the men in Woburn Company (K), wearing the obnoxious headgear and -otherwise grotesquely arrayed, appeared on the parade ground, exciting -the risibles of all beholders and securing for themselves a command -to report at the colonel's headquarters, where even his equanimity -was upset and, after a hearty laugh, he let the culprits off with a -reprimand and some extra policing about his tent. - -[Sidenote: JULY 26, '63] - -The sweet sleep to which the regiment commended itself at "Taps" was -interrupted at 11 p. m. by the command to "pack-up" and "fall-in" and -soon afterward the Thirty-ninth was marching southward, making the -best of the way alongside the railroad, not always careful to keep the -middle of the road, this being one of the lapses of Colonel Davis, -viz., that he was willing that the men should keep their feet dry if -possible. He had even excited the ire of General Briggs by insisting -that, when only keeping in line was the point at issue, his men should -march dry-shod, thus possibly accounting for the extra marching ability -of his men. Rappahannock Station, where the Orange and Alexandria -Railroad crosses the river, was the point aimed at, and very early in -the morning of the 27th it was reached, and the broken slumbers of -the preceding night were resumed for a brief period. The remainder of -the First Brigade was here along with several thousand cavalrymen. -The remaining days of July were spent in the camp established near -the banks of the Rappahannock, on an elevation overlooking the river. -There was nothing to disturb the general quiet of the place, though -Union soldiers picketed one side of the stream, a narrow one here, and -rebels the other. The railroad bridge had been destroyed and the coming -of a train load of pontoons, in the evening of Wednesday, the 29th, -called for a large detail of men from each company to unload them, a -rather heavy task, while showers, many of them very severe, made even -tent life anything but comfortable. Somewhere, in these meanderings, a -character of Company G won fame for himself in the aptness of his reply -to Captain Trull. As he fell in for dress parade, the Captain noticed -that the private's shoes were plastered with Virginia mud, and sent him -to his quarters to make them more presentable. Presently he returned -with the fronts of said shoes much improved, but the after portions -were as before. When asked by the irate Captain why he had not blacked -the heels as well as the front of his shoes, the witty fellow replied -that a good soldier never looked behind. - -[Sidenote: AUG. 6, '63.] - -Lest the men through idleness might grow rusty, the last day of July -was marked by a drill, and later the orders were given that at two -o'clock in the next morning, August 1st, the camp should be broken and -all be ready to march soon after. While the day did not bring on an -engagement there was much of interest in seeing the cavalry cross the -river and in beholding the disappearance of the Confederate pickets and -in hearing the sounds of more or less firing beyond the hills across -the stream, in the direction of Culpeper Court House. Our crossing -was effected about two o'clock in the afternoon, line of battle was -formed and under a blazing sun we advanced until a piece of woods was -reached where every man improved the least chance possible for escape -from the intense heat. After a considerable halt and consequent rest, -the line fell back fully a mile, halting on the brow of a hill where -trees and underbrush were cut away to favor firing of both artillery -and musketry, while the fallen timber would serve as an abatis. Until -the 8th of August the Regiment remained here, digging intrenchments, -doing picket duty, witnessing the almost constant activities of the -Cavalry, which kept the enemy stirred up, and on the 3rd it seemed -as though the Confederates were really coming our way, but it proved -to be only a reconnoisance in force, and the Union forces were found -on the watch. Colonel Lyle having leave of absence, Colonel Davis -succeeded to the command of the brigade and Lieut. Colonel Peirson -to that of the regiment. For diversion, the men had berry picking -and foraging generally in front of, and bathing in the Rappahannock -behind their lines, and on Wednesday, the 5th, all were surprised and -delighted by the appearance of Major Bell, paymaster, who left many -tokens of Uncle Sam's honesty in the hands of the men, a large portion -of which was speedily sent northward for the benefit of kindred there. -Thursday, the 6th, was a day of national thanksgiving for the victories -that had attended the Union arms and at brigade headquarters there -were religious services by the chaplains of the Sixteenth Maine, the -Ninety-fourth and One Hundred and Fourth New York, and by General -Briggs, temporarily in command of the division. The proclamation of the -President, calling for this observance, was issued July 15th, the kind -heartedness and devotion of Mr. Lincoln appearing in every sentence. -While the entire document might be read with profit to-day, let the -following extract suffice:-- - - But these victories have been accorded not without sacrifices of life, - limb, health and liberty, incurred by brave, loyal and patriotic - citizens. Domestic affliction in every part of the country follows - in the train of these fearful bereavements. It is meet and right to - recognize and confess the presence of the Almighty Father and the - power of His hand equally in these triumphs and in these sorrows. - -That the men might participate in the spirit of the day there was a -suspension of drills, though a morning inspection reminded everyone -that routine constitutes a large part of a soldier's life. - -Dress parade on the 7th was omitted on account of one of the severe -storms with which the season was rife, accompanied by thunder and -lightning and wind to the extent of blowing down the brush protection -which many of the men had set up around their tents; many of the tents -went down also--as one of the unfortunates records it, "most of the -boys got drowned out." Saturday, the 8th, brought a change, in that -orders were received about 11 a. m. to prepare dinner early in order to -be ready to march, though we did really remain till after five o'clock -before starting, carrying with us tent-poles and everything movable -that might contribute to the comfort of the new stopping place, which -proved to be across the river and very near where we were before the -advance beyond the Rappahannock. Apparently, the entire brigade came -back with us. Though no one was conscious of the fact at the time, -here the Thirty-ninth was fated to remain with the other parts of the -Potomac Army for more than a month. Though we had marched with the -army all the way down from Funkstown, we had not fought at Gettysburg, -nor had we participated in that trying race with Lee's forces all the -way from Falmouth to the foregoing sanguinary field. Regiments had -become little better than skeleton organizations; mounts for cavalry -and artillery were sadly wanting and a period for recuperation and -replenishing was absolutely necessary. - -"Reveille at 4.30 a. m.; splendid morning and the distant bugles and -drums over hill and vale proclaim that the army is awake," such was -the entry in his diary of one of the Thirty-ninth whose day was given -to guard duty, in an open field exposed to the fierce rays of an -almost tropical sun, while many of his comrades devote much of their -daylight to procuring and placing boughs around and over their tents -to render less oppressive the August heat. One wonders whether it was -piety or dislike of work which prompted the following item in another -diary, "Other regiments have religious services; ours never does; had -to keep at work all day"; that dress parade closed the day might be -concluded without the saying. Owing to the nearness of other regiments, -it is easy to compare their scanty numbers with the full ranks of the -Thirty-ninth, while the Twelfth and Thirteenth turn out with scarcely -a corporal's guard in numbers for several of the companies, the -Thirty-ninth has five hundred men, this very day, on parade, though a -shrinkage of one half is quite an item, especially when there has been -no loss on the battlefield. The utility of constant drill, especially -in these superheated days is not appreciated by the older regiments in -the brigade, and means are usually found to sidetrack the orders of -Colonel Davis, acting commander of the brigade, but the Thirty-ninth -obeys them to the letter. - -[Sidenote: AUG. 12, '63] - -The round of guard and picket duty keeps everyone in active condition, -particularly as there are drill and fatigue for any not otherwise -employed. The picket line is across the Rappahannock, about two miles -and a half towards Culpeper, not far from the early August camping -ground. That there is every indication of a prolonged stay here is -emphasized by the appearance of the sutler, on the 12th, who proceeds -to establish his plant and to open out some luxuries, always appetizing -to the average soldier, though forty-six cents a pound for cheese and -one dollar a bottle for syrup and preserves make a man think twice -before buying. The Medford men, Company C, are somewhat exultant over -the fact that Captain Hutchins, on the 13th, is in command of the -Regiment, since Lieut. Colonel Peirson is in command of the picket -line and Major Tremlett is in Boston. During these days many drafted -men arrive and are added to certain of the older regiments, though the -permanent good derived from their coming is hardly commensurate with -the trouble and expense incident to their presence. America never had -much use for involuntary soldiering. - -The 15th, Saturday, brought orders to be ready to march at a moment's -notice but, as often happened, nothing came of it. The following day -there was a movement of certain troops by train to Alexandria, for -what purpose no one knew, though doubtless a part of the scheme to -strengthen the Carolinas and the West which, eventually, will take a -considerable number of men from Meade's Army. Everyone is learning -the extremes of midday heat and midnight cold and many sigh for the -material thrown away on the marches southward from Antietam. Those -in authority are becoming alive to the fact that sleeping on the -ground is conducive to summer ailments, and the consequent order goes -forth that bunks shall be constructed and the tents correspondingly -elevated. No one is permitted to get homesick on account of having -nothing to do. Owing to the absence of Surgeon Page, the surgeon of -the One Hundred and Seventh Pennsylvania has temporary charge of the -sick in this regiment, and his diligence makes an exceedingly favorable -impression. During this quiet period along the Rappahannock, the -railroad bridge across the river is repaired or rebuilt, the pontoons -are taken up and sent away and the men are realizing what regular mails -and rations mean. The latter are so full and free that an excess of -coffee especially forms an excellent medium of exchange with the rebel -pickets. - -On the 19th, more troops returned from the south side of the river, -leaving scarcely more there than the Second Brigade of the Second -Division; evidently some change of lines is in prospect. One man -records his opinion that the construction of an oven for the baking -of beans is a sure indication of a general move of the army, activity -generally following any attempt at permanency. It is in these August -days that the several companies are recalling the first anniversary of -their muster-in and comparing notes between now and then. Though the -Regiment has not been called to face the enemy on the field of battle, -the time has by no means been wasted, since the drill and discipline -that Colonel Davis and other officers have insisted on have made the -organization ready for almost any test that may come in its way. The -28th of the month was marked by the return of Colonel Davis to the -Regiment; Colonel Lyle having resumed his position at the head of the -Brigade. As a consequence, all forms of drill received an immediate -impetus. It was about this time (28th) that the Pennsylvania Reserves -presented General Meade with a magnificent sword, the presentation -taking place some three-fourths of a mile away, and Governor Curtin -of the Keystone State, General Heintzelman and other distinguished -men being present. Rumor says that the blade was originally intended -for General John F. Reynolds, Commander of the First Corps, killed at -Gettysburg. - -[Sidenote: AUG. 29, '63] - -It was in the last week of August that the knapsacks, left by orders -at Funkstown, were received by their owners, but their contents, -valuable or otherwise, had already been appropriated by others; much -disappointment resulted, since many a soldier had reckoned on the -material, supposed to be there, for relief in the cold nights along -the Rappahannock. As Government allowance for clothing was only $42 -a year and the securing of sufficient apparel seemed necessary, not -a few boys in the Thirty-ninth found themselves in debt to Uncle Sam -instead of being prospective recipients of two months' pay, one of -the hardships that the men were obliged to undergo through no fault -of their own. Over in the Fifth Army Corps, on the 29th, was enacted -a play in real life, if such a scene could be called a play--the -execution of deserters. The coming and going of recruits had become -so common that examples must be made of some of the flagrant cases. -Drafted men, unwilling to enter the service, had the privilege of -purchasing exemption by the payment of a large sum of money, the men -accepting the same and taking the place of the drafted men received -the general name of substitutes. In quite too many cases these men, -finding the occupation lucrative, deserted again and again, each time -re-enlisting, gaining many dollars thereby, while the army received -no increase. These five men, shot to death while sitting upon their -coffins, afforded a salutary lesson for others, similarly inclined, -to see and heed. General F. A. Walker, in his history of the Second -Army Corps, says, "The shooting of a score of bad men in 1861 would -literally have saved the lives of thousands of good men in 1862 and -1863." The best soldiers were those who, realizing the peril of their -country, took their lives in their own hands and, as it were, offered -them a willing sacrifice for the Nation's salvation; if they escaped -death, that was their good fortune, their supreme devotion was nothing -lessened thereby. The month ended with an inspection by Lieut. Colonel -Peirson and muster for two months' pay. - -In the concluding days of August, pains had been taken in rearranging -the camp, resulting in well defined company streets, and thereafter -much time was spent in securing boughs and placing them so as to lessen -the burning heat of midday; it is an excellent trait of healthy, well -meaning men that, following a brief rest, they always are disposed -to enhance the possibilities of comfort. With the 3rd of September -(Thursday) came a rigid inspection of equipments and clothing, -conducted by General Robinson,[F] Division Commander, the event having -a suspicion of greater military activity. The entire brigade with its -six regiments numbers about two thousand men, of whom the Thirty-ninth -constitutes more than one-fourth, our Regiment being the only one not -yet exposed to the losses of battle. Another indication of aggression -or apprehension is the building of defenses and the advance of the -Union picket line; a like approach of the enemy brings the Blue and the -Gray pretty near each other. Friday night, the 4th, was noteworthy in -that boxes, which should have reached the Regiment in Washington, were -announced. Of course the food, prepared by loving hands in the distant -North, was long past the condition of use, but articles of apparel came -in a most convenient season; had they come before leaving Washington or -on the trip southward, they doubtless would have been thrown away or, -at any rate, left behind in some of the caches established on the march. - - - - -FIRST ANNIVERSARY. - - -[Sidenote: SEPT. 12, '63] - -Sunday, the 6th of September, set many a mind to thinking, for it -was the first anniversary of the departure from Boxford, and a year -before hardly an enlisted man thought the war would last so long, yet -he beheld himself a mere atom in the immensity of the strife, at the -moment taking breath before the next effort. One of the scribes writes -in his book of innermost thoughts, "I see very few signs of the end -as yet." Another laments the barbarity of men and boys who, gently -born and reared, will destroy needlessly the property that comes in -their way, instancing a beautiful house, across the river, out towards -Culpeper, whose F.F.V. owner had followed the Confederates in their -falling back, and not only had the furniture, elaborate and choice, -been utterly broken to pieces, but the covering of the mansion had been -torn off also, so that the bare framework of the structure remained, -only one of hundreds of examples that might be narrated. On this day -a cavalry force, under the lead of Generals Buford, Kilpatrick and -Gregg advanced across the Rappahannock and, engaging the mounted force -of General J. E. B. Stuart, drove it steadily back to and through -Culpeper, capturing one hundred prisoners and some of the English light -guns of the enemy. Dashing along to the Rapidan, Buford and his men, -encamped on the banks of that already noted stream and then made their -way back, not without difficulty, to the Union side of the Rappahannock. - -With the beginning of the second year's service since the start from -Boxford, enters a new division of time in the camp:--Reveille at -sunrise, police-duty, fifteen minutes later; sick-call at 6 a. m.; -breakfast, 7; drill, 7.30; recall, 9.30; dinner, 12.30; drill, 3 to 5; -dress parade, sunset; tattoo, 8.30; taps, 9 p. m. A long-needed rain -came in violent form on the 12th, doing much good, yet was not exactly -comfortable for those who had their tents blown down; however, well -filled springs were quite consoling in that the regular water supply -had grown conspicuously low. The 12th, too, is the day which marked -the departure of Longstreet from Lee's army to the relief of Bragg in -Georgia and Tennessee, not to return till the battle of the Wilderness -is in progress. It takes very little time for the news to reach the -hither side of the Rappahannock and an immediate movement towards the -south follows, the Second Corps and the Cavalry being the first to -advance on the 13th, with the purpose of so engaging the attention -of Lee that he will send no more troops to assist in the possible -discomfiture of Rosecrans. - -The 14th marked the coming of Paymaster Major Burt, and the squaring -of accounts for the preceding two months, though the clothing items -reduced the compensation in certain cases almost to the vanishing -point. Constant activity across the river, the passing of many heavily -loaded trains and their return with loads of prisoners and wounded -Union soldiers indicated the rapid pushing of things in that direction, -and the inevitable advance of the remaining portions of the Federal -force. Early in the morning of the 16th came the expected order to be -ready to march at 5 a. m. Everything was in readiness, but the start -was not made until 7 o'clock and then the regiment and the entire First -Corps again crossed the Rappahannock by means of pontoon bridges and -advanced towards Culpeper. A considerable part of the way was over -an excellent road, though the rations, extra supplies of cartridges -and the recently filled knapsacks made the way a hard one. Recent -experience of cold nights had taught the men the necessity of retaining -their extra apparel but, if some of the unnecessary ammunition were -thrown away, it was because the men soon learned that large quantities -of cartridges were entirely too burdensome. Though the distance marched -was only twelve miles it seemed very much longer, leading by Brandy -Station, a name in a few months to become almost a household word -both North and South, and in general along the line of the Orange and -Alexandria Railroad. While the Second and Sixth Corps had advanced to -the Rapidan, the First Corps was held in reserve, some three miles east -of Culpeper. - -[Sidenote: SEPT. 14, '63] - -For a little more than a week this was to be the camping place of the -Thirty-ninth and with accustomed diligence there speedily followed -the regular round of inspections, drills and parades, though there -were many and large details for picket duty. An inspection on the -17th seemed largely for the purpose of ascertaining how generally -or otherwise the men had retained the extra ammunition dealt out to -them; how successfully delinquents were helped out by those who had -retained their heavy loads was long a theme for lengthy dissertations -in company circles. The location of the camp upon a rising knoll made -it the sport of the winds and the distance of both wood and water was -a special hardship. Even then, when water was obtained, it was found -to be so hard or so impregnated with lime as to be very distasteful to -New England men who had been brought up where soft water was quite the -vogue. An indication of a more or less prolonged stay appeared on this, -the 17th, when the regimental sutlers put in an appearance and setting -up their tents were ready for business. They were not likely to follow -too closely an army in motion. Also drills and inspections marked the -resumption of regular soldier regimen. The weather was singularly cold -for the season of the year; in strolling about the vicinity, it was -easy to discover where the enemy had lately encamped. - -The advent of eight days' rations on the 22d with an injunction to pack -five days' portion in our knapsacks made us think that some unusual -stunt was impending. A Division-drill signalized the 23rd, General -Robinson conducting the same. The 24th brought the expected change, -the regiment marching a few miles down the Rapidan near Raccoon Ford, -occupying some portions of the camp held until this morning by the 12th -Army Corps, the latter along with the Eleventh having been ordered to -arrange for a transfer to the Army of the Cumberland in the Tennessee -country; this move being made lest Longstreet's presence with his force -should give too hard a problem for Rosecrans to solve. While the orders -to Howard and Slocum, of the Eleventh and Twelfth respectively, were -issued on the 24th, it was not till the 3rd of October that the great -organizations reached their destination. Of far greater consequence -to some of the men in the Thirty-ninth was the fact that home-boxes -just arrived from Washington had to be left behind. The 25th sees the -renewal of regular camp activities along with the necessary cleaning up -after the departure of the Twelfth Corps. The 26th saw a large force of -twenty-five men from each company, under the command of Lieut. Colonel -Peirson, proceeding to the banks of the Rapidan for picket duty. It was -while nearing this point that the residence of Dr. John H. Stringfellow -of Kansas notoriety, then or later a Confederate Surgeon, was reached -and the man himself was interviewed, who declared his undeviating -secession proclivities. Though certain of these Massachusetts men -would have liked to repay some of the debts due him, they concluded -that he was getting his punishment as he went along, for evidently his -situation in the midst of contending armies was rapidly reducing him to -a condition of absolute destitution. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[F] John C. Robinson, one of the famous officers of the Union Army, -was born in Binghamton, N. Y., April 10, 1817, left West Point 1838, a -year before graduation, to study law, but returned to the army in 1839; -he won distinction in the Mexican War; as Commandant of Fort McHenry, -Baltimore, at the breaking out of the War, he preserved it for the -Union side; from the Colonelcy of the First Michigan Infantry, he rose -steadily in rank to the command of a division; he was prominent through -the Seven Days' Fight, was ever in evidence from Fredericksburg to -Gettysburg; he lost a leg at Spottsylvania thus retiring from service -in the field; with Governor General John A. Dix, he was Lieut. Governor -of the Empire State in 1873-4 and was commander-in-chief of the Grand -Army of the Republic in 1877-8; in 1887 he attended annual reunion of -the Thirty-ninth; he died February 18, 1897. - - - - -THE RAPIDAN. - - -[Sidenote: SEPT. 27, '63] - -Picketing along the Rapidan at this time was not a hardship, since by -mutual consent there was no firing, and the native Yankee disposition -to explore had full vent, when not actually on post, the reserve -furnishing many opportunities for learning habits and conditions of the -people not otherwise attainable. Relieving the Ninetieth Pennsylvania, -one-half of the detail attended to extreme outpost duty, while the -other part enjoyed absence of drill and inspections around the reserve -camp, "Revelling in that delicious abandon, one bright spot in a -soldier's life, when he can do just what he pleases." Thus it was an -even turn-about during the days on the river, in these parts only a -narrow stream of possibly three rods' width. Most cordial relations -existed between Reb. and Fed. and the trades between the Blue and the -Gray proved that no monopoly in the swapping habit was enjoyed by -the Yankee. Whatever extra coffee the boys possessed proved to be as -good as cash, if not better, when dealing with these lads from the -Southland. They even swam across the river to partake of Northern -hospitality and to facilitate exchanges. The nights being cold, -campfires were kindled on both sides and the alleged enemies kept as -comfortable as possible, in plain sight of each other. - -In the stillness of the Sunday evening (27th) the Confederates in -their camp indulged in a prayer-meeting and their hymns, the same that -Northern Christians were singing at that very moment in the far away -churches, were plainly heard by the hostile soldiery on our side of -the stream. Need there be any wonder that some listeners moralized on -the absurdity of men who read the same Bible and sang the same songs, -spending several years of their lives, none too long at the longest in -shooting at each other? Here took place the famous exchange of song, so -often told in campfires and wherever it is desirable to prove that one -touch of Nature makes the whole world kin. One night the Rebs. started -off on the "Bonnie Blue Flag," and when their strains had ceased, -the Yanks got back at them with the "Star Spangled Banner"; next the -Boys in Gray tuned up with "Maryland, My Maryland" and those in Blue -naturally retorted with "The Red White and Blue"; breaking the lull -that ensued, our men started John Howard Payne's immortal and universal -"Home Sweet Home"; scarcely had the first note been struck before the -sympathetic enemy chimed in, and Virginian woods and hillsides echoed -with the tender strains clearly showing how Saxon blood remembers. On -another occasion a musical exchange, beginning with "Pennyroyal," ran -through the list of then popular melodies, though all sang in unison, -and very naturally, too, for ending "Old Hundred." Will not coming -generations wonder that men who could together sing the old songs -should ever fight each other? - -Monday, the 28th, ended the stay by the river's side and the detail -returned to camp, coming up with it some two miles nearer than when it -was left, a fact that in no way disturbed those coming back. While -a large part of the Regiment was on its tour of duty, those left -behind were by no means idle and they too had their observations of -Confederates who apparently had heard from Chickamauga, a favorite -shout of theirs across the river being, "How are you, Rosey?" In the -afternoon of the 27th, the Regiment and the whole Corps again changed -locations; the pickets along the river could plainly see and hear the -rebels at their respective tasks; the work upon their fortifications, -their drills and other occupations. Here it was that Lieut. Colonel -Peirson's detachment found the Regiment on its return. A short move on -the 29th, brought the Regiment out of shelling range, but in a place -so heavily wooded that trees had to be felled to make camping places, -and on ground so low that very little rain made it extremely moist. By -building bunks, we were enabled to keep out of the mud, but we were -far from comfortable and, to crown all our discomforture, though there -was water everywhere, as in the case of the Ancient Mariner, we found -not a drop to drink; that had to be brought from a distance. The fires -for cooking and bodily comfort were maintained with difficulty, and -inflamed eyes, through prevailing smoke, became the rule. - -[Sidenote: OCT. 3, '63] - -Friday, October 2d, marked a sad day in the annals of the Divisions; -the forenoon had been so rainy that it seemed as though nothing could -add to the discomforts of the situation, yet the prospect of a march -to witness the execution of a bounty-jumper was not so inviting as it -might have been under less watery conditions. It was about noon that -the Regiment fell into line, and, after standing an hour under the -pelting rain, thoroughly drenched it moved out and in mud and water -seemingly knee-deep marched some two miles or more to the assigned -rendezvous where, after many changes of position to accommodate other -portions of the Division, the rain having cleared away, the band of -the Sixteenth Maine playing a dirge announced the approach of the -procession; the same consisting of the provost guard, followed by -an ambulance in which rode the prisoner, sitting upon his coffin, -accompanied by his chaplain. Blindfolded and kneeling upon his coffin, -the firing squad, obedient to orders, discharged their weapons and the -deserter of the Ninetieth Pennsylvania passed on to his reward; however -gruesome the scene may have been, undoubtedly the lesson was a valuable -one upon such as thought the laws of the land could be broken with -impunity. - -The return from the execution to a camp, practically under water, was -anything but inspiriting and whatever was eaten had to be taken out -of the haversack, for campfires were out of the question and sleep to -men soaking wet was hardly possible. The weather clearing during the -night gave some chance for drying garments during Saturday, the 3rd, -and Sunday began to seem endurable and adapted to letter writing, when -there came orders to pack up, once at least heard with no sigh of -regret. While waiting for orders to march, all ears were startled by -the sound of cannonading, which proved to be an effort of the enemy -to shell a Union wagon train which had driven somewhat near the rebel -works. When the start was made and the new camping spot found, it -proved to be an excellent one, high and dry, with plenty of wood and -water, and by general consent, the site was first-class; in honor of -the Surgeon-in-Chief of the First Corps, the place was known as "Camp -Nordquist." - -At dress parade, Oct. 7th, an order was read to the effect that -men, desirous of changing from infantry regiments to light -artillery batteries, could do so by sending their names through -the proper channels. Much to the surprise of the officers, there -was a very general response to the proposition; indeed two hundred -and twenty-three men, almost one half of the effective regimental -organization, had filled out papers. Colonel Davis forwarded the long -list to division headquarters with his approval, but the applicants -had so far overdone the matter, nothing came of it, save that General -Robinson in a special order said that the service must inevitably -suffer, if so many men were to go from one organization, and there -the project ended. However fitting the men found Camp Nordquist, it -was not theirs to remain there long, since after lights had been -extinguished in the night of the 9th and the men were in the midst of -their before-midnight slumbers, there came peremptory orders to pack -up and be ready to march. Quickly responding, and building great fires -for light and comfort, the Regiment was soon in place and prepared for -the next command. It did not come until the morning of the 10th, when -in obedience to it the Brigade, Division and all, started out over a by -no means easy route and kept in motion until morning. Finding ourselves -in the vicinity of Morton's Ford, we were ordered to cook breakfast and -make ourselves as comfortable as possible. - - - - -A BACKWARD MOVE - - -An explanation of the event of this and subsequent days is in place -here; by a singular coincidence, just as Meade was beginning to do -what Lee had been expecting of him, for several weeks, the latter -began a move similar to that of the year before when he had hurried -Pope across the Rappahannock; in other words, he flanked Meade's -right, thus making it necessary for the latter to end any southern -plans that he may have formed, and to devote himself exclusively to -heading off the Confederate leader. While the entire Union army is in -motion our interest centres in the Regiment whose story is in progress. -As originally proposed, the First Corps was to cross the Rapidan at -Morton's or Raccoon Ford, co-operating with the Cavalry which was to -cross the river at Germanna Ford, and to assail the Confederate right; -meanwhile the Sixth Corps was to cross at a point further up the river -and to attack Lee's left. An early attack was the motive for the very -unseasonable start, though its purpose was largely negatived by the -great fires with which the men had lighted their way through the night. - -[Sidenote: OCT. 11, '63] - -All day long the troops awaited the approach of Buford and his -troopers before crossing, but no cavalry appeared; night approached -and preparations for repose were afoot when the command came to pack -up and be off. Evidently the purposes of Lee had been disclosed and -an "About Face" was only preliminary to "Forward, March." The night -was memorable to those concerned in its exactions, not so much for its -length as on account of the difficulties encountered. Along a narrow -road, infantry and artillery jostled each other, frequently the former -having to take to the fields, many of them low and marshy, or to lie -along the roadside while the cannon had the thoroughfare. At last the -top of the hills near Mountain Creek, where the first camp south of the -Rappahannock had been pitched, was gained and an unparalleled scene -broke upon the vision of these sleepy and wearied soldiers. As far as -the eye could reach the entire landscape was starred with campfires, -and it began to look as though we were to sleep on our old campground. -Every conceivable noise saluted the ear; the stroke of axes as they cut -up rails for fuel, the clamor of teamsters, endeavoring to get their -teams through difficult places and the incessant hum of human voices, -raised for a thousand reasons. It was midnight, however, before the -Thirty-ninth was ready to commit itself to sleep, and even then, not -for long, since at 2 a. m. of the 11th, the call to arms was heard by -the tired and sleepy men. - -All may have heard the call, but all did not obey at once. Some of -them had been known to ignore parental rising calls at home and, on -this occasion, they were the happy, lucky ones, since six o'clock -arrived and still no orders to move forward, though the right of the -corps had been long on the march. The many and rapid changes of the -last thirty-six hours have brought about some hitherto unexperienced -trouble. Many of the Regiment had been left on picket and one of those, -performing this at present hazardous duty, records the following in -his diary, "About nine (p. m.) receive orders to pack up and leave; -march to our old camp and get some rations; then start again for -Pony Mountain. About 3 a. m. (11th), arrive at our old campground, -where we first stopped (Aug. 1) after crossing the Rappahannock, and I -was just ready to lie down when we were ordered back about a mile to -our Regiment." Not all, however, were so fortunate. Though under the -command of that sterling veteran, Captain John Hutchins (C), owing to -the darkness of the night, some of the men lost their way and thirteen -were captured by closely following rebel cavalry; seven of the captives -being from "E," the Somerville company, were as follows: Sergt. J. R. -Hyde; Privates F. J. Oliver, Henry Howe, Joseph Whitmore, Washington -Lovett, all of whom died in Andersonville; and Corp. G. W. Bean and -Private J. W. Oliver; the corporal survived seventeen months of -imprisonment, getting out March '65, while the private, more fortunate, -was paroled after three or four months of durance; John K. Meade of "K" -was also taken the same night, the event happening near Stevensburg, -about six miles from the Regiment. - -[Sidenote: OCT. 2, '63] - -The soldier's time honored privilege of grumbling had free course this -afternoon, since it was between 10 and 11 a. m. that the lines finally -moved. The hardened campaigner understands that no one in the regiment -is responsible for unseemly hours of turning out; it means just the -same for shoulder straps that it does for men in the ranks; the enemy -is near; exactly when or where he may appear no one knows, but all can -be ready to respond immediately to the first command. The chances are -that not even Colonel Davis was aware that to him and his regiment -was to be entrusted a considerable part of the safety of the rear of -the retreating army. Yet such was the case, and when the fact became -apparent not over pleasant memories of their former experience in a -similar duty were recalled; happily in this case the wagon trains had -been hurried forward and the coast was comparatively clear all the way -to Kelly's Ford, passing on the way all that was left of the hamlet -of Stevensburg. Further down the river was a pontoon-bridge over which -other troops were passing but, as the enemy was near, there could be -no delay and at 5 p. m., or thereabouts, the men marched through, the -water being about waist deep and, in chilly October, anything but -agreeable. With all possible precautions taken for defense against the -closely following foe, and with great fires to dry their saturated -garments, the soldiers were soon comparatively comfortable. - - - - -CAMPAIGN OF MANEUVERS. - - -By way of explanation of the marchings and counter-marchings in which -the regiment is indulging, it should be stated that a considerable -portion of October was devoted to what Wm. Swinton calls "A campaign of -maneuvers." So far from reading each other's mind, it would appear that -neither Lee nor Meade was accurately informed of the actual procedure -of his rival for, while the Confederates were still making their way -northward, but not being encountered by Meade where he expected, the -latter ordered the Second, Fifth and Sixth Corps to turn about and -to be ready to face Lee at or near Culpeper; the Third Corps, under -French, meanwhile was at Freeman's Ford on the Rappahannock, and the -First we have seen at Kelly's Ford. When the Union Commander learned -that Lee had simply gone a little further west for his crossing of -the Rappahannock, White Sulphur Springs, on the 12th, and was rapidly -nearing Warrenton, he recalled the troops south of the river and then -began the forced march to prevent Lee's distancing him completely. -Thomas Nelson Page says, "Meade was a master at moving his troops -and now, making a forced march that night was in Lee's rear the next -morning"(13th). It was a hotly contested race as to which army should -first reach Bristoe Station, thus ending any purpose that Lee might -have had against Washington. - -In all these movements on the great chessboard of war with its army -corps, divisions and brigades, what was a single regiment among so many -hundred? How much less was the individual, and it is the province of -a history, such as this, to keep as near the individual as possible. -Even a brigade, in such a vast array of men, was scarcely more than -a pawn in the mighty game the Blue and the Gray were playing for -American supremacy. Still every regiment had its part to perform in -the progress of the contest, and thousands of people in the homeland -were watching each and every day's doing with supreme interest, their -thoughts chiefly centered on some particular organization, and to them -and the members themselves there was no other body quite so important -as "ours." To follow day by day, the march, bivouac and duty of the -Thirty-ninth Massachusetts in this and all other campaigns in which it -had a part is the office of this story. - -[Sidenote: OCT. 12, '63] - -The white frost that greeted the eyes of waking soldiers in the -morning of the 12th was quite as cold as any that New England could -present, and campfires never were more appreciated. A hurried breakfast -was prepared and eaten when the brigade was ordered into hurriedly -made rifle-pits, where the day was spent with the understanding that -trouble might arise at any moment. This was the day in which Meade -was looking for Lee. While there were sounds of activity elsewhere, -nothing disturbed the Thirty-ninth, some even writing letters as the -hours passed on. At no time in the history of the Regiment, did legs -play a more important part than they did on the 13th of October; called -from slumber at midnight, the advance was begun at one o'clock of -the morning, and through the darkness the blue clad men were pushing -forward as rapidly as possible towards Warrenton Junction, reaching it -at 11 a. m., with fifteen miles to the credit of the forenoon's effort. -At Bealton station on the way, at six o'clock three had been a halt, -and the men naturally supposed that coffee and breakfast were in order, -but, much to the disappointment of all, came the order to advance and -that, too, without delay. When men demurred and undertook to continue -their preparation of food, staff officers rushed among them and, -kicking over their utensils, put out the fires, thus impressing on the -hungry fellows the fact that the march was a forced one. It surely was -a hurried getting-away and many a vehicle came to grief, particularly -among the sutlers who had been somewhat venturesome in their coming -to the front; it was even claimed that misfortunes to the outfits of -the sutlers were not always unprovoked, since the removal of linchpins -by mischievous boys and the consequent running off of wheels gave -opportunity to fill otherwise empty haversacks. - -At Warrenton Junction all preparations were made for the possible -attack of the enemy, batteries being unlimbered, the Regiment formed -in battle-line, though the noon hour, after the long retreat, -suggested dinner to the almost famished men, but the experience of -the preceding July had taught all that the locality was sadly lacking -in water supply. Except those who were looking out for the rear, the -troops were in active motion, all passing by at the height of speed. -Great quantities of commissary stores were piled up, and these were -either carried off by the soldiers themselves or loaded upon the -trains and thus saved, so disappointing the enemy who had reckoned -on getting to these food supplies first. After a considerable halt -the march proceeded along the line of railroad past Catlett's Station -to Bristoe's, reaching the latter point late in the evening and -camping at about nine o'clock. On the way we had passed the great -wagon trains of the Army of the Potomac, packed in one, great, solid -square, with wheels chained together, the mules being secured in the -centre, indicating that the danger of immediate attack from the enemy -was thought to be over for the present at least, and it also seemed -that the First Corps came near being in the lead. A march of nearly -twenty-five miles with almost empty haversacks gave the men reason for -being considerably tired. - -"Not every boo is a bear" was clearly shown on this march towards -Centreville when Fred, brother of Sergeant L. of "K," having permission -from the colonel, undertook to secure a chicken for the sergeant whose -stomach was not in accord with his regular rations. With instructions -to be extremely careful, the soldier went from house to house but -without success, the guards at these places telling him that he was -running great risks, since the men, seen in the distance, were clearly -bushwhackers. It was nightfall before he found the chicken he was -after, and by the time he was making his way back, darkness settled -down. He had to pass through a strip of woods where every object was -distorted and even a deaf man would have heard sounds. Halfway through -the woods, a real noise in the roadside bushes made his hair begin to -rise, but he did not stop to investigate too closely, when the climax -was reached by six or seven razorback hogs dashing across the road in -front of him. The sudden change from probable guerrillas to actual -swine was a relief unutterable, but the former were about and that very -night carried off two men from the headquarter's wagon train. While the -sergeant enjoyed his chicken broth and improved thereon, he declared -the risk too great and Fred went on no more such errands. - -[Sidenote: OCT. 14, '63] - -It was a four o'clock call of the bugle, in the morning of the 14th, -that summoned frost covered and sleepy soldiers from dreams to -realities, but their distress was somewhat offset by the appearance of -rations, of which they drew supplies for four days and thereby were -better equipped for the day's progress which began at seven o'clock, as -one veracious chronicler states, with the First Corps on the left and -the Sixth at the right of the railroad. While these two Army Corps were -thus continuing their way in relative quiet, heavy firing in the rear -indicated that the Second and Fifth Corps were having something to do, -the Second fighting the battle of Bristoe Station; General Warren having -his hands full in warding off the attack of the enemy while the -cavalry, on both sides, were piling up the portentous list of battles, -many of them bloodless, which adorn the histories of so many mounted -regiments. Centreville, so famous in the July days of 1861, was now the -evident destination of the forces and crossing Bull Run, at Blackburn's -Ford, the scene of the first day's fight in the memorable First Bull -Run engagement, the brigade arrived at Centreville not far from noon. -To build fires and to prepare a dinner, undisturbed, was the next act -in this day's drama and, if tired soldiers caught a few hours sleep -before the next scene, it need not be wondered at. Some of the men -in the Thirty-ninth were participants in the disastrous battle of -Bull Run; to them it was a case of old scenes revisited, and if they -took some pride in rehearsing their experiences they did not fail of -interested listeners. - -But the day was by no means done; though Centreville had been reached, -the enemy was still near, only a little way to the west, and picket -lines must be established. Accordingly the Regiment proceeded on its -somewhat confusing task, while the greater part of the division went -on a reconnoisance. Apparently there was little definite knowledge -of localities, since one writer observed that they reached their -destination at seven o'clock and marched around till eleven, and -another of Company E relates the interesting experience of trying to -obey the orders to follow Bull Run until the pickets of the Sixth -Corps were reached. After crossing Cub Run, three miles away, Major -A. D. Leavitt of the Sixteenth Maine, division-officer of the picket, -went on ahead to ascertain his whereabouts, leaving the Regiment in -a field. Returning in less than an hour, he reported a rebel camp in -the immediate front; in trying to retire, the line was halted by our -own pickets when it appeared that we had been more than a mile beyond -our own lines. On calling the roll, Sergeant Dusseault found that -twelve men were missing. Major Leavitt would allow no one to go back -after them but himself and he found the missing men fast asleep where -we had been waiting. Bringing them all safe and sound to their own, -established the reputation of the Major with the Thirty-ninth from that -time on, as long as he lived. To one member of Company E, "Johnny" -Locke, the memory of the Major was specially grateful, because of the -latter's kindness. The young man had been suffering for days from a -carbuncle on his neck; in any other place than the army, he would have -been laid up completely, but here he kept going; he was one of those -found by the officer and, recognizing the condition of the soldier, -he kindly got down from his horse and mounted the boy in the saddle. -Sidney himself could have done no more. - -[Sidenote: OCT. 16, '63] - -The dawn of the morning of the 15th did not reveal the situation with -certainty to these inexperienced soldiers; they knew that they were -very near the thrilling scenes of more than one and two years before, -that the sound of musketry and cannon-firing in their front indicated -the possibility of a third battle of Bull Run. It was theirs, however, -to watch and wait in constant expectation of orders to lend a hand. -One writer enlarges on the delights of persimmon-eating, the October -frosts having ripened the yellow delicacy to perfection, and the -various other diversions that unoccupied hours ever suggest. Though -the brigade was finally rejoined and there was a movement towards -Centreville with orders to pitch tents, before the same could be obeyed -a long threatened rain began to fall, putting out whatever fires had -been built and essentially adding to the discomforts and uncertainties -of the day. Rations were drawn late at night and record is made of the -giving out of a portion of whiskey as a stimulant to the wet and weary -soldiers. The experiences of the 16th and 17th did not vary essentially -from those of the 15th; there were picket duty, acting as reserve, the -drawing of rations and all sorts of prognostications as to what the -outcome of the expedition would be. While the cavalry of both sides -kept up an exchange of compliments, very few casualties were reported -from any source. That those who directed believed there was immediate -danger was evident in the degree of caution constantly maintained; -roll-call every two hours and constant injunctions to be ready to move -at any moment. - -The 18th marked the end of the Confederate effort to repeat the -campaign of the preceding June and July, and that of 1862. General Lee -writing to his wife on the 19th of October says: - - I have returned to the Rappahannock. I did not pursue with the main - army beyond Bristoe or Broad Run. Our advance went as far as Bull - Run, where the enemy was entrenched, extending his right as far as - Chantilly, in the yard of which he was building a redoubt. I could - have thrown him farther back, but I saw no chance of bringing him - to battle, and it would have only served to fatigue our troops by - advancing farther. If they had been properly supplied with clothes, - I would certainly have endeavored to have thrown them north of the - Potomac; but thousands were barefooted, thousands with fragments of - shoes, and all without overcoats, blankets or warm clothing. I could - not bear to expose them to certain suffering on an uncertain issue. - -From the foregoing it would seem that only the Confederate cavalry -had been responsible for the Federal activity in and about the old -Bull Run battlefields, and now even the horsemen were to follow the -foot forces and the Union troops would again move west and southward. -Ordered out and to pack up in the morning of the 19th the prospects -were not improved by a severe rain storm which completely drenched both -tents and apparel so that, to regular burdens, was added the weight of -water absorbed by the fabrics. Starting at about eight o'clock, the -route was along the Warrenton turnpike, the very road, so prominent in -all accounts of the two Bull Run fields, with the sad sights of only -partially covered bodies of those who had perished in the engagements; -the severe rain was constantly adding to the heaviness of the way -and Thoroughfare Gap, the reputed destination of the march, seemed -a very long distance off. The vicinity of Haymarket on the Manassas -Gap Railroad was reached about 4 p. m. and the noise ahead indicated -a fear that the enemy was there in force, our artillery keeping up a -vigorous shelling of what was thought to be the rebel position. Camps -were made and tents pitched only to have the vexatious order "Pack up" -given just as we were disposed to get a bit of rest. Rations, too, were -scarce and everything combined to make the day and night particularly -trying; at 3.30 p. m. or thereabouts of the 20th an advance was made -through Thoroughfare Gap, though there were those who thought "No -Thoroughfare," on account of the difficulties of the way, would be a -better designation. - -The 21st was spent in camp which was pitched on such a hilly surface -that at least two bunkies had to stake a board at their feet, lest they -slide from under their blankets. Every one remarked on the beauty of -the locality and comments were made on the five storied flouring-mill -standing in the Gap, the same being thought the finest edifice yet seen -in Virginia. Notwithstanding the recent destruction of railroads on the -Confederate retreat, so quickly were repairs made and so immediate the -communications between the different departments that a wagon supply -train came through in the afternoon and hungry men were fed once more. -One man said his breakfast had consisted of half a hardtack; the same -writer, his stomach being at rest, could enlarge on the beauties of -the moonlight in the evening. Poetic thoughts are not prevalent in the -presence of hunger. The 22d brought inspection, an indication that -the officers, at least, thought us anchored for a while; the 23rd -was marked by a battalion drill, another sign of permanency and, to -complete the soldiers' happiness, quartermaster's stores appeared so -that many defects and wants in uniform were supplied. - -[Sidenote: OCT. 23, '63] - -While every prospect was pleasing, it was not for sightseeing that -these men in blue were so far from home and all realized that a long -stay here was out of the question, so the orders to be ready for a -start at seven o'clock of the 24th surprised no one. A very heavy, -cold rain had been falling during a large part of the preceding night, -hence wet tents increased the burdens of travel while empty haversacks -reminded the owner of an equally vacant stomach. Every day, during -an active campaign, reminded all concerned of the truth of the old -adage that an army, like a snake, moves upon its belly, and Oliver -Twist, ever insistent on more, was reproduced in every healthy soldier -in the Potomac Army. Only the few who had provided for a possible -lacking of rations had anything to eat this morning, hence no time was -lost in preparing breakfast. It was through a pitiless rain that the -day's march, beginning early in the forenoon, was made back through -Thoroughfare Gap; following the railroad as nearly as possible, luckily -the grade being down rather than up; fording streams, especially -Broad Run, though they could make the men no more wet than they -already were from the rain; through Haymarket, Gainesville to Bristoe -Station, the scene of the Second Corps' fight on the 14th. On every -hand were evidences of the fierce encounter, as dead horses and the -many graves of the slain. Though the most of the brigade halted here, -the Thirty-ninth and the Ninety-fourth New York had not reached their -limit, and they continued until Kettle Run was reached. - -The special duty assigned to these two regiments was the guarding of -the railroad, which had been repaired to this point and the bridge -which was in process of building; all were exceedingly tired from the -long day's exactions; there was no food to cook for supper but they -could build big fires and dry to some extent their drenched apparel, -and then seek rest and the sleep which hovers near the wet and weary. -Sunday, the 25th, dawned bright and beautiful, its warmth imparting sun -soon dried what the fires of the night before had failed to do and, had -there only been rations for the hungry men, they might have been in -a better mood for enjoyment. Ten of the clock brought inspection, as -inevitable as death itself; before noon the anxiously expected rations -appeared and, with them disposed of, the Regiment was ready for any -duty that might be assigned. With the food also came some articles of -apparel, so that long needed blankets made nights more comfortable. -For eleven days or until the 5th of November, this locality, the camp -having been changed a bit and more carefully laid out, became the -habitat of the Thirty-ninth. It was during the night of the 25th that -Lieutenant I. D. Paul of Company F came near losing his life; orders -had been given to those on guard to challenge no one but to shoot at -sight; only the recognition of his shoulder strap saved the popular -officer's falling a victim to the very orders that he had himself given -out. - -[Sidenote: NOV. 4, '63] - -Though the camp was to continue quite a while for an active campaign, -the men did not know it, nor anyone else for that matter, so orders to -be ready for a move were not unheard during this period of comparative -rest; still the regular routine of roll-calls, drill, etc., was -resumed, for absolute ease was unknown to members of the Thirty-ninth. -The season being the last of October, the weather was sharp, the rains -cold and need of warm clothing apparent. The 29th brought quite a -rarity in the shape of a ration of "soft bread" as the soldiers always -called the baker's product, in the shape of loaves, in distinction from -the hard bread or the regulation hardtack, the real standby. The last -day of the month was written down as the date of muster for two months' -pay and the fact that food was abundant, since, being right on the -railroad, by means of steam, rations came direct from Washington. On -Tuesday, November 3rd, there was a brigade drill, conducted by Colonel -Leonard of the Thirteenth Massachusetts, commanding the brigade, and -the giving out of eight days' rations had a decided look towards a -change of camps. The 4th was signalized by the arrival of boxes from -home and many a boy's heart, as well as stomach, was made glad by -evidence of home regard and recollection. - -While the men regretted leaving their comparatively comfortable camp, -all realized that the mutations of war demanded almost constant action, -so the orders while battalion drill was in progress to get ready for a -move were not entirely a surprise; besides, the many rations of the day -before were a warning. Arms having been stacked, tents were pulled down -and everything made ready for the start, which was about 4 p. m., and -a large part of the march to Catlett's station, some seven miles away, -was made after dark, hence tedious, made all the more so by the burden -of extra rations and a winter outfit of clothing and tent material. -Some one has characterised the march as a helter-skelter one, every man -"going on his own hook," without regard to regimental formation, let -alone so compact a matter as a company; each man camped down where he -could do so most comfortably; "there was no roll-call that night." The -next day the soldiers found their own, and the Regiment moved half a -mile or so from the night's bivouac and pitched tents on a side-hill, -resuming the routine of regular camp life, and entry is made of the -burning of the tall grass which grew near, necessitating some energetic -work on the part of the campers to extinguish, and the all too apparent -exertions of the preceding twenty-four hours merited the whiskey ration -which was dealt out. - -That no degree of permanency had yet been attained was evident when -early orders were received to be ready to march at 6.30 a. m. of -the 7th, and the start was made at 7, much nearer than usual to -the allotted hour, and the trend was southward, through Warrenton -Junction and Elktown to the vicinity of Morristown, a few miles from -the Rappahannock. Not only was the entire First Corps in motion but -the same was true of the Second and Third as well, all indications -pointed to a resumption of the status prior to the October Northward -move. Whatever the plans or purposes, they were not carried out -without provocation to firing as appeared in the sounds from the river -region; later knowledge acquaints us that the noise arose from portions -of the Sixth and Fifth Corps at Rappahannock Station and the Third -Corps at Kelly's Ford, disputing possession with the ever present and -always vigilant enemy. The distance marched varied according to the -one estimating, the same ranging from fifteen to seventeen miles. In -October, 4.30 a. m. is a long while before daylight, yet this was the -time of waking on the 8th and, after the very essential coffee-making, -the line was off soon after six o'clock. The first considerable halt -was at Grove Church where were seen a large number of Confederate -wounded from yesterday's engagements. - - - - -BRANDY STATION - - -[Sidenote: OCT. 10, '63] - -The Rappahannock was crossed at Kelly's Ford by means of a pontoon -bridge and, at 5 p. m., the Regiment was near Brandy Station, having -marched ten or twelve miles; the route, where possible, was along the -railroad which will be in operation to-morrow probably. Tents were -pitched and large fires built and many were pleased to find not so very -far away the Tenth (Sleeper's) Massachusetts Battery which we had left -at Poolesville and now is connected with the First Division, Third Army -Corps and which, yesterday, had borne its part in the incidents of the -day. Many a handshake and "Glad to see you" signalized the meeting. The -earlier part of the 9th was passed in the halting place of yesterday, -some of the men improving the chance to call on friends in the Tenth -Battery, but at two in the afternoon, the familiar "Pack-up" order was -heard with the accompanying direction to be ready to march at four -o'clock. A little before sunset, the start was made by a countermarch, -recrossing the Rappahannock on the pontoon bridge and a long, -wearisome, night trip followed, one of the features being the first -snowstorm of the season, all tending to make a very tired lot of men, -who were pushed along without halting to Licking Run, between Bealton -and Warrenton Junction, possibly fifteen miles from the starting place, -arriving a little past midnight. Very many fell out on the way quite -unable to stand the pace, and those who did stick to the colors wasted -no time in preparations for camp, but dropped at once and straightway -fell asleep. - -The morning of the 10th revealed a tired array of men and a -snow-covered earth, but human nature and human bodies rally readily. -After a short move further into a considerable piece of woods, camp -was pitched and preparations were made for as comfortable a stay as -possible, some of the men expressing the wish that they might remain a -while because of the abundance of wood and water, and here they were -to remain almost two weeks, though from them the fact was concealed; -probably no one knew what the future would unfold. There was work for -many of the men repairing the railroad, some having to go into the -woods to cut sleepers, others to assist with pick and shovel. This -day, the 10th, the promotion of 1st Sergeant Dusseault, Company E, was -announced and he was assigned to Company H as Second Lieutenant. Within -this period, drills were resumed and all else that pertained to routine -and efficiency; clothing was drawn, the Regiment was paid for September -and October on the 16th and 17th and by a singular coincidence the -sutler made his appearance at the same time. Evidently some of the men -were in arrears, as for that matter, most soldiers were wont to be. -Considerable care was taken with the tents of both officers and men, -the idea gaining credence that a prolonged stay might be made here, but -neither army was ready, as yet, for winter quarters. - -Orders to move were circulated on the 22d and at four o'clock in the -forenoon of the 23rd, drowsy men were summoned from their sleep to -pack-up and be ready for another change, starting from their late -camp at about sunrise. On reaching Bealton, a union was effected with -the remainder of the division and a few miles further, towards the -Rappahannock, camp was made for the night, all realizing that cold -weather was upon them and that the burdens, on the march by day, had -to be heavy in order to insure any comfort for the night. Rain fell -very easily during those days, and it was somewhat discouraging to have -to turn out at 4 a. m. and, breakfasting at an early hour, to stand -in line momentarily expecting the order, "Forward," and all the time -pelted by the falling rain. After a while we were ordered to put up -our tents again, a change of mind having been experienced higher up. -Wednesday, the 25th, differed in no essential from its predecessor, -though many of the men were wondering whether the mail, express or -freight, would bring them anything from home by way of a reminder of -Thanksgiving, due on the 26th. Disappointment was the lot of all, for -authorities in Washington must have known of impending activity and so -withheld what thoughtful friends had attempted to forward to the army; -sutlers however put in an appearance, an ill-starred act, on their -part, as the morrow was to show. - - - - -MINE RUN - - -[Sidenote: NOV. 26, '63] - -Thanksgiving day in the North, November 26th, should be remembered as -the beginning of the famous Mine Run affair, one of the greatest of -the battles that were never fought. Judging from results in former -years, when campaigning was undertaken at this season of the year, it -would seem that winter quarters would be a better proposition for the -army than another forward movement, but General Meade, feeling that -the Northern public demanded some aggressive movement on his part, -determined to avail himself of the withdrawal of Longstreets' Corps -and the remoteness of Lee's remaining Corps, Ewell's and Hill's, from -each other, and to take the offensive. Ewell's men, under the command -of General Jubal A. Early, Ewell being ill, held the Confederate right, -the same resting on the Rapidan at Morton's Ford, while Hill's forces -in their dispersion extended fully twenty miles to the southwest. -Meade could lead 70,000 men into the assault, while Lee's troops were -rated at 50,000; the lower fords of the Rapidan were quite uncovered, -Lee depending for defence on a line of fortifications extending along -the left bank of Mine Run, an insignificant stream, tributary to the -Rapidan and entering the same near Morton's Ford. The words of Robert -Burns concerning the plans of mice and men never had better application -than in the events of the following days. Had army corps crossed and -attacked as projected, considering the detached, not to say scattered, -condition of the enemy, it seems as though he would have been beaten in -detail. - -Had General French and his Third Corps started at the early hour named -in the orders; had not the engineer miscalculated the width of the -stream and so provided too few pontoons for the bridge which had to be -pieced out with a trestle; had not the banks of the river proved too -precipitous for the artillery which had to go down to Germanna Ford -and even then, if the Corps had not taken a wrong road and so fallen -foul of Confederate General Edward Johnson and his forces, the entire -story of the war might have been very different from what is written. -In brief, the expedition was scheduled to begin early in the morning -of the 23rd, but was delayed by the severe rain of that and subsequent -days. The orders under which the start of the 27th was made were -that the Third Corps, General French, followed by the Sixth, General -Sedgwick, should cross the Rapidan at Jacob's Mills; the Fifth, General -Sykes, followed by the First, General Newton, was to cross at Culpeper -Mine, while the Second, General Warren, was to cross by the Germanna -Ford, between the other fords named. With ten days' rations carried by -the men, General Meade was justifiable "in cutting loose from his base -of supplies, and undertaking the feat in three columns of seizing the -plank road and turnpike and, by advancing rapidly towards Orange Court -House, of turning the enemy's works and compelling him to give battle -on ground not previously selected or prepared." - -[Sidenote: NOV. 26, '63] - -That the expedition failed is history, its outlines have often been -told in many places; our interest rests principally in what the First -Corps and Thirty-ninth Regiment were doing during these days of stroke -and counter stroke. General John Newton, commanding the First Corps, -in his report to the Headquarters of the Army of the Potomac, tersely -narrates the doings of each day from Thursday, Nov. 26th, to Thursday, -Dec. 3rd, both dates inclusive. Leaving the Third Division of the Corps -guarding the Orange and Alexandria Railroad from Rappahannock Station -to Manassas, he advanced the other two divisions to the Culpeper Mine -Ford, getting only one of them across by seven o'clock; starting at -3.30 a. m. of the 27th, he reached the rear of Robertson's Tavern a -little after 7 p. m.; the Corps was roused at 3 a. m. of the 28th and -put in position at the left of the Second Corps and Robertson's Tavern; -about seven o'clock the corps was ordered to advance, still keeping to -the left of the Second Corps; advancing in two lines through the woods -to near Mine Run, the enemy was discovered in line of battle to receive -us. Establishing a picket line, with a little firing of the enemy, -the corps remained in position for the remainder of the day. November -29th, an attack on the enemy being contemplated on the right and left, -General Newton, in the centre, commanded his own troops and some of -the Fifth and Sixth Corps; at 8 a.m., agreeably to orders, cannonading -began along his front, continuing a short time only; skirmishers were -sent across Mine Run who performed their duties gallantly, losing -in killed and wounded about forty men; under cover of the picket -lodgement, four bridges were built, for later use if necessary; under -advice from headquarters the pickets were withdrawn to the Federal or -east bank of the Run at 3 a. m. of the 30th and an hour later fell back -to Germanna Ford to cover the crossing of the Fifth and Sixth Corps. -Dec. 1st all of the army recrosses; Dec. 2d, under orders, leaving a -single brigade at Germanna, proceeded to Stevensburg with the remainder -of the Corps; Dec. 3rd reached Paoli's Mills about noon and sent a -brigade to Kelly's Ford. - -Returning to the 26th of November and confining ourselves to the work -of the Thirty-ninth we find the same awakened at an early hour and -starting out before four o'clock. The Rappahannock was again crossed at -the station of the same name as the river. During a brief halt on the -south side of the stream, Colonel Leonard, commanding the brigade, read -a telegram from headquarters, announcing the great victory of General -Grant at Chattanooga and at least one soldier remarked, "That's good -news to march on." With hourly halts, the extended march was not so -tiresome as certain shorter though more rapid ones had proved. About -6 p. m. the Rapidan was crossed at Culpeper Mine, and ascending an -elevation south of the river, a mile further along, camp was pitched -for the night. Not a few commented on the change from Thanksgiving Day -the year before, and still more remarked on the difference between the -day at home and that passed in active campaigning; no cases of insomnia -were heard of during the night, for all were tired and sleepy and -"taps," if sounded, found very few waiting to obey. Eighteen miles were -put down as the distance marched. - -Certain men were detailed as pickets, and it was their duty to see to -it that no harm befell their sleeping comrades; going on duty at ten -o'clock last night, they came off at two this morning (27th) and an -hour later the camp was alert with preparations to depart. Starting a -little before daylight, we marched southward, passing through a part of -the country very near the Chancellorsville battlefield of the preceding -May and of the Wilderness, yet to be. After striking the Orange and -Fredericksburg pike at eight o'clock in the morning, a halt was called -and the men rested while the wagon and ambulance trains passed. The -march continued till after dark, ending at Robertson's Tavern with a -total distance covered of about thirty miles, from the starting point -of yesterday. - -The 28th of November, Saturday, brought a part of the Regiment under -fire. Before daylight an advance of a mile or so was made, followed -by breakfast and the use of pick and shovel in entrenching and then -a still further, though brief, advance. The sound of the skirmishing -comes from front and battle line is formed; Companies C and E being -detailed as skirmishers, they went forward some 300 yards, the regiment -remaining behind the crest of the hill. As a Company C participant -wrote, "It commenced to rain very soon and we lay on our bellies and -watched the Rebs.; their sharpshooters watched us closely and some were -wounded. Benj. Dow of our company was shot through the leg,[G] but the -boys were cool and stood their first fire like veterans; after lying -thus all day, cold and wet through to the skin, we were relieved about -eight o'clock and rejoined the Regiment, tired and hungry; the Rebs. -are in good position and I doubt whether Meade will attack first." - -[Sidenote: NOV. 29, '64] - -The night that followed, though quiet, brought very little comfort -to the men, thoroughly chilled by the rain of yesterday and, at 3 a. -m. of the 29th, some of them were stirring to prepare the soldiers' -solace, a cup of hot coffee. Everybody expected to storm the enemy's -works at some time on this day; knapsacks were piled up that full use -of all the muscles might be had. Old campaigners were writing their -names and regiments on bits of paper and pinning them on their garments -for identification since it seemed sure that the works could not be -assailed without a terrible loss of life. A brigade of the Fifth Corps -formed the first line of battle and our brigade came next; skirmishing -between the rival lines prevailed all day. Shells even came over from -the Confederates, but they drew no reply from our lines. The rebels -having withdrawn across the Run, the same wider than usual through -having been dammed, formed the line of separation between the blue -and the gray. At nightfall, to shield themselves from the cold wind, -trees were cut down for a shelter, and to the mercies of the night the -soldiers again commended themselves. - -Sunday was the last day of the month, and it seemed impossible that the -day should pass without the long impending assault; three days' rations -were distributed and the men were told that they must make them last -five, a pretty severe exaction from an army which we have been told -moves on its stomach. The attack did not take place, but there was a -deal of activity in arranging the forces for the projected advance. -It was understood by the leading officers that in the early morn of -the 1st of December there should be a simultaneous cannonading along -the entire line to be followed by an assault by Warren and his massed -forces, to be succeeded on the right by like action on the part of -Sedgwick and his loyal Sixth Corps followers. The morning of the first -day of winter came, but Warren did not order the assault as expected. -To his practiced eye, the works erected and defended by the enemy were -too strong for the attack and to his judgment Meade, himself, deferred -when he had ridden to the extreme left and there saw their magnitude -and strength. His messenger, who happened to be his own son, rode with -breathless speed to countermand the orders of the day before and the -Battle of Mine Run was not fought. At nightfall the backward movement -began and at or near midnight, the Thirty-ninth with many other -regiments was at the Rapidan once more. - -During the last of these Mine Run days, our Lieut. Colonel Peirson was -in command of the division line of pickets, being officer of the day, -and his experience was interesting for, entering upon his duties, he -rode a white horse, furnished him at Division Headquarters, riding -just in rear of the picket line until the plentitude of the enemy's -bullets compelled him to alight and to walk or crawl the rest of the -way. Desiring to cross a little elevation, he took the precaution, -before exposing himself, of raising his cap upon his sword and, as it -was the immediate target of several rebel bullets, he concluded that -a more circuitous route would be preferable. So cold was it that men, -in their falsely named "shelters" were frozen to death, as they held -on to their posts to which the relief did not come. On reaching the -desired point and, after driving the enemy across a small stream which -he later learned was not Mine Run but a tributary, with the assistance -of a few pioneers he successfully bridged it for the passage of troops. -In this labor he had the misfortune to fall into the water and, in -a few minutes, was completely clad in icicles. Colonel Peirson was -still advancing his line before reporting upon the situation, having -discovered another branch of the stream which he was about to bridge, -when the orders to fall back were received. - -[Sidenote: DEC., '63] - -The retreat is made across the river at Germanna Ford and to the -Thirty-ninth is committed the task of seeing all safely over. We see -the Fifth and Sixth Corps safely across, then our own troops, including -our brigade; finally the Regiment goes across, all save Companies C and -F and then C is left alone; stragglers have passed over; apparently the -last cavalryman is riding on the further side when the pontoons are -taken up and, in the last boat, the Medford Company crosses over to -join its fellows on the northern bank. The expected dash by Confederate -horsemen did not take place and, chilled to the bone, the Union army -after a rest of an hour proceeded to Stevensburg or near that point. -Later, finding a suitable camping place, rationless and wearied, the -men sought what comfort sleep might afford. Some of the soldiers find -time to moralize on the outcome and they secure some satisfaction from -the fact that if they did not assail the enemy, neither did the Rebels -attack the Federals. Years afterward, General Early, in command in the -immediate front of the line held by the First and Fifth Corps, wrote -of the situation, "A direct attack from either side would have been -attended with great difficulties, on account of the necessity of having -to descend the slopes of Mine Run and then, after crossing that stream, -to ascend the opposite slopes under the fire of artillery as well as -infantry." Very few soldiers have ever been heard to criticise the -wisdom of Warren's judgment or of Meade's acquiescence. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[G] The wounding of Private Dow was the first bloodshed in the -Regiment, and in token thereof he was promoted to be a corporal. -As this was the only casualty in the Regiment, during the Mine Run -campaign, the death which Col. T. W. Higginson gives in his story of -Massachusetts in the Army and Navy 1861-65 must be an error. - - - - -TOWARDS WINTER QUARTERS - - -In the forenoon of the 3rd, the Regiment marches a few miles to the -vicinity of Kelly's Ford on the Rappahannock where certain log huts -built by the enemy and used by them until driven out on the 7th of -November by the Third Corps are occupied; a diversity of opinion as to -their condition is put down by certain scribes of the period, though -Company C comes up too late to get in at all. Some of the boys are very -certain that winter quarters are to be right here on account of the -nearness of wood and water but, meanwhile, the old duty of picketing is -resumed and some of the Medford men find their line along the waters -of Mountain Run. For three weeks there is little variation in daily -routine: drills, inspections, parades and the regular off and on for -picket and guard duty. Meantime everyone finds time to try to retain -whatever heat his fire may induce, but in spite of his efforts, as -one boy writes, "We suffer with the cold every night." On the 5th, -came orders to move, but happily they were soon countermanded. The 6th -brought the sutler again and opportunity to invest money for creature -comforts at exceedingly high rates. In these days, men are able to -exhibit their mechanical ability, or the want of it, in their efforts -to make comfortable and presentable the cabins in which they expect to -pass the winter. Drills are suspended on the 11th that more time may be -given to work on the huts. - -For the 12th and the 13th there are records of the arrival of boxes -from the North; in one case, "The provisions are all spoiled"; in -another, "All right, except the shirts and drawers which are missing." -Had the latter case arisen while the men were in rebel prisons, the -enemy would have had to bear the blame; it would appear that there -were pilferers also among our own people. The regularity of the -arrival and departure of mails affords these letter-writing soldiers -no little pleasure. The weather is not so cold as that of New England -at this time of the year, but it varies from bright sunshine to points -away below freezing with an occasional flurry of snow, but however -disagreeable it may be, all realize that it is harder still for the -Confederates, since they are not so well clad as we are. It is also a -time for furloughs and, on the 19th, seven men from the Thirty-ninth -start on a ten days' visit to the northern homes, the time spent there -to be the very happiest in their entire lives. The 21st had special -mention in the diaries, in that the chaplain attended two funerals of -as many men belonging to the Regiment and that Colonel Davis began -a ten days' leave of absence for a trip to the Bay State. The 23rd -carries the record of wintery weather, made all the more so by having -the ground covered with snow, the first time in the season, also the -surprise for all, in that they are ordered to have everything in -readiness to move tomorrow at five o'clock in the morning. Sad looks on -soldierly faces follow this announcement, "for it is such a good place -to spend the winter in." - -[Sidenote: DEC. 24, '63] - -Though awakened at 3 a.m. and formed in line at 4, it was 8 a. -m. before the orders to march were heard. Not a little grumbling -accompanied this departure on a cold wintry day from semi-comfortable -quarters for new camping places. One man's observations come down to -us thus: "Why couldn't they let us sleep a while longer and then let -us prepare and eat our breakfast, rather than make us stand in line on -such a cold, cheerless morning?" Had all kept diaries the entries would -have differed in no essential from the foregoing. The day proved to be -a good one for marching and after reaching Brandy Station, the course -was along the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, through Culpeper Court -House to a point possibly four miles beyond, when it was found that -the Regiment had lost its bearings, thus necessitating a bivouac in a -convenient stretch of woods. The burden of extra winter necessities and -the frozen earth made the eighteen miles' march a trying one. Though it -was "The night before Christmas" and many thoughts wandered northward -to far away homes where the loved ones dwelt, there was little of the -divine flavor to the night which settled down and enfolded these armed -men, on the very outposts of the Union Army. - -Christmas dawned as expected, but it did not seem just as it would -under other circumstances; the "Merry Christmas" that passed from -mouth to mouth seemed to lack some of the home fervor, yet all put -the best foot forward and, determining to make the best of it, there -was more than one expression of wonder as to whether "We'll be here a -year hence?" Luckily, boxes from home came to cheer some of the men, a -real demonstration of Santa Claus, and all the more welcome for this -reason; the entire First Corps was included in this movement and the -many campfires, that lit up the night, gave a gloss to what otherwise -might have been cheerless; song and story made the evening pass rapidly -away, and the ever melodious "taps" set these patriotic North men to -slumber and the sweetest of dreams. There was an inspection in the -forenoon of the 26th and orders to be ready to march in the afternoon. -Starting at 3 p. m., the trip was only about two miles still nearer -the Confederacy, along the railroad, halting at or near Mitchell's -Station, the very last before reaching the Rapidan; here in a large -field the brigade encamped in column by regiments. Rain falls on the -27th and this, coupled with the marshy character of the fields in which -the Regiment is camped, makes moist beds for the men, though they try -to obviate the situation by tearing boards from an unoccupied house -and by the use of boughs and branches in getting the bunks off the -saturated ground. - - - - -MITCHELL'S STATION - - -In the matter of residents, it could not be said that Mitchell's -Station was exactly densely inhabited, but where was there ever a girl -whom someone did not admire and, if possible, make her acquaintance? -One family, with the staunchest of German names, in which the sons -had gone into the rebel army, had a father, mother and three grown-up -daughters. When sober, the "old man" claimed to be a good Union man; -when drunk, as was sometimes the case, he was an out and out Secesh; -as to the girls, it made no difference what their affiliations were; -they were girls and that was enough. One evening, three officers called -at headquarters and asked the privilege of calling on the Y---- girls; -"Umph," exclaimed Colonel Davis, "I verily believe half the officers in -the Regiment are there already, but you may go if you think it will do -you any good." - -[Sidenote: DEC. 28, '63] - -With the 28th comes Sutler Pullen again and until afternoon the rain -continues; the 29th does not bring the change of camping place that so -many wish. During the day, Colonel T. F. McCoy (One Hundred and Seventh -Penn.), commanding in the absence of Colonel Leonard, compliments the -entire brigade on the cheerfulness and fortitude of the men and their -endurance in marching in the cold and stormy weather; he also calls -attention to the exposed position of the brigade, being the nearest the -enemy and warning every one to be on the lookout constantly. On this -day also was promulgated the plan to secure reenlistments of the men, -with the promise of a thirty days' furlough and a large bounty. The -proposition did not appear to find much favor with the Thirty-ninth, -although all of the men would appreciate that month at home. The 30th -brought orders to be ready to march on the morrow. December goes -out with mud and moisture much in evidence; the camp is moved in the -forenoon less than a mile, thereby finding better conveniences in -a piece of woods. Major Leavitt of the Sixteenth Maine musters the -Regiment for pay, and Lieut. Colonel Peirson performs a like act for -the Maine soldiers. Colonel Davis gets back from his furlough, having -walked from Culpeper last night in the dark and through the mud. Here, -then, ends the year with its record of Gettysburg and Chattanooga, but -for our Regiment, with all its preparation, marching and undeviating -performance of duty, its fiery ordeal is yet to come. - - - - -1864 - - -January 1st the day dawned bright and cold, the weather having cleared -in the night; the mud and the streams have taken on the repose of -winter, but, if any protection against the inclement season is to be -had, the men must get to work at once and this they do, cutting down -trees to fashion therefrom the primative habitations that the early -settlers of all new countries have had to make. Though the men do not -know it, and though there will be many rumors of departures, they may -even pack up at times yet, until the last of April, Mitchell's Station -will be the P. O. address of the Thirty-ninth Regiment, but winter -in camp is no trifling matter with a regular routine of camp duties, -besides the necessity of maintaining the utmost vigilance towards the -foe. Hence the building of quarters cannot be effected in a day or -week, in the meantime the ordinary shelter tent affords only slender -protection against the wind and cold. It is to be a second winter's -experience with our Regiment, hence the building of log huts is not -an innovation; all that is needed are time, tools and material. For -several months the Rapidan is to be the most generally named stream in -the eastern part of the Union, for along its northern banks are to camp -the several corps which make up the Army of the Potomac and, every day -thousands of letters to far away homes will tell the people there what -is doing down in "Old Virginny." For four months a thin line of blue -will patrol its shores for more than twenty miles and equally vigilant -men in gray, will keep their watch upon the south side. With the Second -Corps on the extreme Union left, with headquarters near Stevensburg, -the Union army stretches to the westward till it terminates with the -First Corps, which will furnish infantry pickets on a line of cavalry -outposts. - -South of the river, the Confederates are guarding an equal distance, -yet there will be very little indication of hostility, something like -an armed neutrality, each line of sentinels quite content to be let -alone; there is however this difference between the two armies, one has -all that boundless means can supply to make its soldiers comfortable, -the other wanting nearly everything that would contribute to personal -enjoyment. The lack of clothing and camp outfit had become such that -winter with its rigors became far more an object of fear to the enemy -than any army the Yankees might send against them. Thomas Nelson Page, -in his Life of General Lee, has this to say concerning the Confederates -in camp along the Virginia Central Railroad: - -[Sidenote: JAN. 1, '64] - - Lee's army was in a state of such destitution that it is a wonder that - the men could be kept together. Only their spirit enabled them to - stand the hardships of the winter. Barefooted and hungry, they stood - it throughout the long months of a Virginia winter, and when it is - considered that until they joined the army many of these men had never - seen snow, and that none of them had ever experienced want of adequate - clothing, their resolution is a tribute to their patriotism that can - never be excelled. That Lee himself endured hardships and suffered - with them in their self denial was sufficient for them.... From his - camp, General Lee writes to his wife on January 24, 1864, "I have had - to disperse the cavalry as much as possible to obtain forage for their - horses, and it is that which causes trouble. Provisions for the men, - too, are very scarce, and with very light diet and light clothing, I - fear they will suffer, but still they are cheerful and uncomplaining. - I received a report from one division the other day in which it - was stated that over four hundred men were barefooted and over one - thousand were without blankets." - -During the early January days, all the time that could be secured from -regular duties was devoted to house building, and every man worked with -a will, since the weather was extremely cold, the amount of clothing -possessed being insufficient, in the open air, to maintain warmth; some -of the men resorted to the old fashioned practice of putting a heated -stone at their feet to help make them comfortable, every one thus -getting a notion of what it meant to build homes in the wilderness as -so many pioneers had done. Because of so many of the men in Company C -having been ship carpenters when at home, a large part of the company -was detailed to work on the houses, though the Woburn delegation (K) -was not far behind with its thirteen men selected to use axe, saw, -hammer and plane. The arrival of packages from home, from time to time, -did much to lessen grumbling and the coming in of seven deserters on -the 6th, barefooted and telling pitiful stories of the conditions -across the Rapidan, made the Yankees more nearly comfortable just by -way of contrast. With big fires burning, we were sure of one side being -warm, even if the other was almost freezing. However, song and story -wiled away many a long evening before trying to woo the goddess, sleep, -in comfortless shelter tents. In the demands of picket, camp, regiment -and brigade guard there was something in the guard-way for nearly every -man, every day, so the houses did not grow any too rapidly. - -Such entries in the diaries of the period as, "mudded our hut to-day," -would mean little to the novice unless told that this meant the -stopping of the spaces between the log cob-pile which constituted the -walls of the habitation, with real old Virginia soil, properly mixed -with a certain amount of water and, when plentifully applied, was -warranted to stand indefinitely, keeping out the much dreaded wind. The -same material judiciously mingled with sticks, staves, boards or boxes -made the chimney-exit for the smoke produced in the fireplace, which -was a necessary feature of every cabin.[H] Making the quarters for -the squad that was to hold and occupy did not end the enlisted man's -duties, for he had also to take a hand in the fabrication of similar -structures for his company officers and then to do his part in behalf -of the care and comfort of the Field and Staff. Nor did the chain end -here, since there must be places for the retention and protection of -commissary and quartermaster stores and, never to be forgotten, were -all the important, superlatively useful yet ever railed at, "The good -old army mules," and who should build their shelters, if not the men -for whom they had drawn through so many miles the supplies which fed -and clothed the soldiers? - -[Sidenote: JAN. 10, '64] - -The long delayed Thanksgiving dinner came to "C," the Medford company, -on the 10th and a relay of clothing such as, "Nice flannel shirts -and drawers, socks, mittens and a few caps for nights." The company -received them very gratefully and the friends at home would be more -than paid, could they see how thankful the men were. "We eat our -dinners to-morrow," says the scribe. The details of the dinner, eaten -on the 11th, are not uninteresting; remembering that twenty-two men -had been discharged from the company, that some men were on detached -service and that many were in the hospital, the fact, that less than -forty were present for duty and the dinner will not seem so strange. -Owing to the limited number, the liberality of material for that feast -is conspicuous; they might have called in some of their less fortunate -neighbors and then have had a very large meal for themselves; the -record is, "One turkey and one pudding for every four men; one half a -mince pie per man with sauces for turkey and pudding, also the real old -orthodox cranberry, redolent of the Cape, besides, pickles, cheese and -condensed milk." The folks at home did nothing by halves and how many -hours of careful and diligent labor in those northern homes did this -magnificent layout represent! - -Everyday life in these winter-quarter days of the Army of the Potomac -are a practical illustration of the old maxim, "Eternal vigilance is -the price of liberty"; for, despite the efforts given to hut building, -all the men are really under arms or the next thing to it. "Men are -obliged to wear their equipments twenty-four hours" and an immediate -response is expected to every order. A few recruits are joining the -Regiment, not exactly a pleasant season of the year in which to be -broken into the routine of military life, yet the proper officers take -them in charge and begin the breaking-in process. On the 12th, remains -of the great Company C dinner are sent over to the sick at Culpeper, -and those who are not users of the weed distribute their tobacco, also -from Medford, among those who are not so abstemious. Notwithstanding -all of the alert watchfulness, the enemy seems to be perfectly -quiescent and, probably, perfectly willing that we should be. After a -deal of policing and general slicking up, the 16th brings the monthly -inspection, conducted by Lieutenant Bradley of the brigade staff. The -habits of the far off homes are fixed and in the evening of Sunday, the -17th, might be heard the sound of many voices as they joined in singing -the songs and hymns of childhood; "a splendid, moonlight evening." - -Deserters and contrabands are frequently discovered fording the -Rapidan, whose chilly waters have less terrors for the escaping -parties than the tribulations left behind. In the night of the 19th the -firing of the Confederate guards hastened the steps of some deserting -rebels and prevented the departure of others. The cabins having been -constructed and occupied, the men are now making corduroy sidewalks, by -laying moderate lengths of poles side-by-side, crossways of the walk -itself, and, thus, are able to get about without being lost in Virginia -mud. Many a remark is heard on the admirable appearance of the camp, -all agreeing that it is the best in the brigade, and some even lay -that claim as against the entire Army of the Potomac. Company H and a -part of "K" go out on a reconnoisance, Thursday, the 28th. Towards the -end of the month, unusual stir is observed among the enemy, apparently -fresh troops are replacing those long on guard, possibly through fear -that all of the latter will desert; our own camp also has a spell of -falling-in according to orders and, on the 29th, we packed up at 5 -a. m., stacked arms and awaited further orders, sorry enough at the -prospect of quitting the comfortable quarters, so recently completed. -Fortunately for us, it all blew over and the Second Brigade moved -instead. On this same day our eyes were gladdened by the unusual sight -of a lady in camp, the same being the wife of General Maj. John Newton, -commanding the First Corps, who accompanied the General and Division -Commander, General Robinson, and their respective staffs, all on a tour -of observation. A dull, though not stormy day closed the month with -regular inspection and we see a Confederate major and three men brought -in as captives by the cavalry. - -[Sidenote: FEB. 1, '64] - -February starts off full of rumors as to the future of the Regiment; -one says it is to join an expedition to Texas; another sends us home to -be recruited to full ranks, while still another sends us back to become -a part of the Sixth Corps. Who can explain the starting of so many -baseless reports? The weather, early in the month, is cold yet there -are few breaks in regular routine, if parades, drills and inspections -can be injected between the many calls for picket duty. A hospital is -in process of erection near the surgeon's quarters and it is a fine -building, considering the circumstances under which it is going up. -There is talk, also, of a chapel or schoolroom for the use of officers -and men. The 5th of the month, late at night, came the summary orders -to be ready to move early in the morning, reveille to be at 3 a. m. -The drawing of rations, etc., kept us busy until one o'clock in the -next morning, hence not much sleep, but no end of grumbling. Reveille -sounded according to programme on the 6th; the men turned out, cooked -their breakfasts, packed their tents and were ready to start before -daylight. At seven o'clock the orders came to replace the tents and to -resume regular camp life. This break in the usual calm was explained as -an incident in the movement of the Second Corps to Morton's Ford, on -the Rapidan, as a supplementary act to the proposed attempt of General -B. F. Butler from the south against Richmond. As Butler's plan proved -abortive, activity on the part of the Second Corps subsided at once and -things were soon as they had been. - -Sunrise, gilding the snowy tops of the Blue Ridge Mountains, awakens -the sensibilities of some of the men as the 10th day of the month -begins and, later in the day, the paymaster makes all happy with -compensation for services rendered up to December 1st. General Robinson -and staff, accompanied by ladies, also by some of the corps staff -officers, rode into camp on the 12th, evidently thinking it one of -the show places of the cantonment. Over the fact that the men left in -camp, the Regiment being on picket, are all merged in two companies -and these go on dress parade prompts one commentator to remark that he -supposes if only one man were left in camp, he would have to appear -at the regular time on parade. Injudicious use of the ardent was the -probable reason for the advent of a Thirteenth Massachusetts' party -evidently bent on mischief. Whatever they came for, the colonel cut -short the career of a sergeant and a private by placing them under -arrest and so returning them to their Regiment. How strange it is, that -men will tolerate an evil that makes such fools of them! The evening -of this day was brilliantly illuminated by great forest fires on both -sides of the Rapidan. The coming of Major William Thorndike, the new -surgeon, is chronicled on the 15th; Surgeon Calvin G. Page, on account -of disability, had been discharged Nov. 16, 1863. The 16th is so cold -that large quantities of wood are brought in from the forest for the -building of fires just for the warmth thereof. The new hospital is -opened and much is expected from it. - -The 20th of February marked the dedication of the new chapel, whose -building had taken the time and strength of the soldiers, some of them, -for a number of days. Nicely decorated and appointed, the men were not -a little proud of their place of worship. Chaplain French had charge -of the exercises; the band of the Sixteenth Maine was present and most -obligingly discoursed appropriate music. Among the people who crowded -the interior were Colonel Leonard of the Thirteenth Massachusetts -with his wife, Surgeon Alexander of the Sixteenth Maine and wife, -with others. Compliments were dealt out to the men who had labored so -zealously for the success of the project and Colonel Davis' remarks -in this direction were especially happy. The next day was Sunday, -and regular service was held in the new chapel. Apparently the 22nd, -Washington's birthday, received no special attention. The new chapel -afforded most excellent quarters for the regular meetings of the -Masonic Lodge which had been one of the features of the Regiment for -considerably more than a year. As far back as Offutt's Cross Roads, -November 20, '62, the lodge had been instituted, under a special -dispensation from the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, Grand Master, -William D. Cooledge, the document bearing date, November 13, 1862. - -[Sidenote: FEB. 22, '64] - -FOOTNOTES: - -[H] Long years intervening, General Peirson recalls the existence of a -certain church edifice, out Slaughter Mountain way, which in a former -campaign had afforded cover for a rebel battery and that the same, -issuing from its concealment, had done no little harm to the Second -Massachusetts Infantry, even wounding several of his good friends. Lest -it might be used thus again, and with a certain feeling of resentment -as though the building had been _particeps criminis_, he suggested to -the builders of the winter quarters that the siding of the house and -its foundations might help out their own building schemes. "A word to -the wise" was sufficient, and ere long the structure disappeared, to -reappear as flooring and chimneys for Yankee comfort. The story does -not end here, since many years later the officer was introduced, at the -home of a Boston friend, to a Virginian lady whose mission North was -the soliciting of funds for the rebuilding of the very edifice whose -destruction he had suggested. The General's memory seemed defective -when asked whether he responded liberally or not. - - - - -MASONIC LODGE - - -This original meeting was held at the regimental headquarters, Colonel -Davis presiding, he having been named as Worthy Master of the Putnam -Army Lodge, No. 8, thus called in compliment to the East Cambridge -Lodge of which he was a member. It appears that army posts were no -innovations at this date as the number of this new one would indicate. -Already lodges had been formed in the Third, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, -Twenty-fifth, Second and Forty-eighth Massachusetts Regiments and later -dispensations were granted to the Forty-second and the Thirty-second. -Aside from the Master of Putnam Lodge, Colonel P. S. Davis, the -officers were Henry B. Leighton, S. W.; Capt. Geo. S. Nelson, J. W.; -Capt. F. R. Kinsley, Treasurer; Lieut. Julius M. Swain, Secretary; -Daniel Henry, S. D.; Perry Coleman, J. D.; Lieut. Henry F. Felch, S. -S.; Lieut. Wm. T. Spear, J. S.; Lieut. Willard C. Kinsley, Marshal; -and John M. Curtis, Tyler. In the distribution of officers it would -seem that army rank had no place, fraternal relations being the only -line of consideration. By-laws for the proper management of the lodge -along with blank forms for application for membership were adopted -and, though the Third Thursday of each month was named as the regular -meeting date there were far more special than regular assemblings. - -The second meeting of the lodge was in the Methodist chapel and when -the Regiment moved back to Poolesville, the schoolhouse there was -utilized, proper secrecy being gained by putting on guard, near the -place of meeting, members of the order. Applications for membership -came in rapidly and the record for the remainder of the calender year -was twenty-three candidates admitted and seventeen meetings, $580 -being received for dues and degrees. From April 6 to July 15, in front -of Petersburg, after the death of Colonel Davis, there was a lapse; -then the Lodge voted to bear the expense attending the return of the -Colonels' remains to Massachusetts but, at the request of the family, -the part of the lodge was confined to embalming and transportation to -Boston, along with the expenses of Chaplain French, who accompanied -the body on the sad journey to Boston. Help was given to the families -of comrades who had been killed or were in hospitals or rebel prison. -October 16, '64, at Fort Dushane it was voted to pay the expenses of -sending the body of Lieut. Wm. T. Spear, Company B, to Roxbury, the -officer having died in hospital from wounds; the same consideration was -shown to the remains of Lieut. Willard C. Kinsley when he was killed. -The final meeting of the lodge was in the State House Boston, January -29, 1866, with fourteen members present when it was voted that of the -remaining funds, $198, $50 should go towards a portrait of Colonel -Davis and the rest for relief. The officers were given the regalia that -they had worn; the Bible was given to the widow of the Colonel, the -square and compasses to the East Cambridge Lodge, the remaining set to -go to Brother Henry B. Leighton, the S. W. During the activities of the -field, the Master, S. D., J. S. and Marshal were killed, the Treasurer -and Secretary were captured. There are recorded considerably more -than fifty names of those voted in, while the brother, turning in the -records, says that thirty-nine took the three degrees. - - - - -MITCHELL'S STATION AND THE SCHOOL IN CAMP - -Channing Whittaker, Company B - - -[Sidenote: FEB., '64] - -Our most ideal winter's camp before the Wilderness Campaign was that -at Mitchell's Station. A more perfect parade and drill ground could -not have been desired. It had abundant length and breadth. It was -the smooth level top of an extensive plateau. The log cabins of the -officers were in a straight row where the slope to the rear began. The -log cabins of the men stretched down the slope toward a veritable -Eldorado of firewood and drinking water. These log cabins were very -comfortable. Each accommodated eight men. The entrance from the company -street was at the middle of its length. The fireplace and chimney were -directly opposite the entrance. The living room was between the two. -There were four bunks, two at each end with one above the other. Each -bunk was long enough for a tall man to stretch out at full length -with his head upon his knapsack and wide enough for two men to sleep -comfortably, side by side. The cabins of the field officers had, of -course, the right of the line. The chapel was more to the front and a -little to the left of the cabins of the field officers. The pioneers -who constructed Col. Davis' cabin and the chapel were master workmen. -No keel of ship in New England shipyard had timbers hewn and dowelled -into a substantial whole with more absolute perfection. I never shall -forget the perfect delight of an afternoon when, convalescing from a -severe attack of measles, I was detailed to report at the Colonel's -quarters. Here I was received by Lieut Colonel Peirson with a smile -upon his face. He showed me that the cabin was not yet dry enough for -occupancy, showed me the wood which I was to burn to dry it out, showed -me the charming fireplace in which I was to burn it. If I remember well -its top was arched. Perhaps the arch had blocks, with a central one of -keystone shape. He gave me a comfortable seat and an entertaining book -to read, by an army chaplain, "The Whip, Hoe, and Sword," by George -H. Hepworth. The friendly behavior of the Lieut. Colonel, the restful -charm of the roomy clean interior finished in natural wood showing its -grain, the blazing fire in the big fireplace with its perfect chimney, -and the extreme comfort of it all, after the discomforts of the -measles, filled me with agreeable sensations and with gratitude to the -Lieutenant Colonel. - -[Sidenote: FEB., '64] - -And the chapel! It may have been thirty by fifty feet inside. Its hewn -oaken logs were perhaps twelve inches square, its roof was a fly -that the Christian Commission had furnished. Its fireplace was huge, -magnificent. The prayer meetings were held in it, the Freemasons used -it as a lodgeroom, the Sons of Temperance had meetings there, and the -regimental school for those who could neither read nor write nor cipher -was held in it. I well remember the morning when Comrade John F. Locke, -of Company E, and myself were detailed to report at the chapel and -appointed to be the teachers of the school by Lieut. Colonel Peirson. -I remember hearing the roll-call of the students of my own and of a -neighboring company and the ugly mutterings, the dissatisfaction, the -almost mutinous emphatic expressions of discontent of some of those -whose names had been called, because they had been detailed to attend -a school. I fully expected trouble. A considerable number of men were -in anything but a teachable spirit. We met in the chapel, the Lieut. -Colonel, the teachers, and thirty students, some of them bristling with -unwillingness. But the Lieut. Colonel, who was always a gentleman, -drew us all into a comfortable semi-circle about the hearth where -the cheerful fire blazed. He told us of the personal benefits and -advantages which it was hoped that the work in the school would bring -to each student, and his manner and speech almost immediately disarmed -the embryo antagonism of the others in the group. When he finally asked -if there were any present who desired to be relieved from attendance -at the school, not a man wished to withdraw, all were glad of the -opportunity. The antagonism had melted away like a mud-puddle in the -light of a July sun. And the antagonism never returned. I have taught -many hundreds of students since but none who were more interested, more -attentive, more constant. Each of the men learned to write his name. -Seven wrote letters home before we broke camp, to the great delight of -themselves and their families. Twenty-three made especially commendable -progress in reading and arithmetic. Our text and copy books had been -the generous gifts of Colonel Davis and his brother Robert. The Lieut. -Colonel had offered a gold pen and case as a prize to the man who -should gain the greatest proficiency in writing. All of the written -exercises were carefully preserved from the beginning and, when the -time came to award the prize, it was almost impossible to say whether -it had been won by Johnny Gibbs of Company A, a brick layer, who was -well along in years or by Daniel Lines, a carriage painter. For year -after year the good right hand of Johnny Gibbs had clasped the small -handle of a trowel. Its active exercise in that cramped position with -the acrid lime sometimes in contact with it had caused its bones and -cords and muscles to grow out of shape. He could no longer open it much -more than enough to enter and remove a trowel handle. He could not hold -a pen in usual position. There were sharp crooks made at the joints -of his right thumb and forefinger when he brought them together, and -there were similar crooks in his capital O's when he wrote his best. -But his handwriting, though characteristic, was absolutely clear. It -was perfectly easy to read. He had mastered his hand for the purposes -of a writer. Despite the crooks he wrote a handsome hand. The hand -of Daniel Lines had gained a wonderful cunning in the business of a -carriage painter. He could do what he would with a camels-hair brush, -when making scrolls and stripes and decorations. He brought to his -copy book the artistic power of a hand over which he had a complete -control. From the beginning his double-reversed curves were lines -of beauty. At the end his writing had almost the perfection of the -copyplate. There was no possible doubt that Daniel Lines' writing was -more beautiful than that of any other pupil in the school, but which -had gained the greatest proficiency in writing in the school, he or -Johnny Gibbs? The teachers were puzzled. They called in the Lieut. -Colonel as referee. He too was in doubt and suggested that Gibbs and -Lines should draw lots. The lot fell to Gibbs. On Sunday, the 21st of -August, 1864, Johnny Gibbs and his teacher, John F. Locke, were taken -prisoners in a battle on the Weldon Railroad. They were both very sick, -together, in that fearful prison in Salisbury, North Carolina. There -were no tender-hearted, white-capped, trained nurses there, to keep in -extreme cleanliness the clothing of the very sick. But the gratitude, -the compassion, the sympathy of the old man for his youthful teacher -became too strong. Like many another soldier who has volunteered to -dare almost certain death in a forlorn hope, weak Johnny Gibbs washed -the soiled clothing of John Locke. Within a day, Johnny Gibbs was dead. - - - - -STILL IN CAMP. - - -[Sidenote: FEB. 29, '64] - -Incessant picket duty has marked the month of February with a great -variety of weather and the men are not sorry to see the 29th day, Leap -Year's allotment, for they know that they are just so much nearer the -end of the war and their consequent return to their homes. A spring -feeling begins to be felt on both sides of the river and indications -of activity are discovered among the Confederates, and at least twice -recently orders have been given for the preparation of rations for -the haversacks, as though some sort of a move were contemplated. On -this final day of the month, the Regiment is mustered for two months' -pay, while drill, inspection and parade have their accustomed places. -Doubtless very few are aware of the hardening effect upon the bodies -of the men this regular and constant round of discipline is having; -the same will appear in the exactions of the coming months. While -February is expiring thus quietly with our Regiment, in the First Corps -Kilpatrick is making his famous raid towards Richmond, having started -on the night of the 28th, crossing the Rapidan at Ely's Ford and, with -Colonel Dahlgren's forlorn hope, is entering upon a project which will -make history rapidly. To cover this attempt, a diversion of Confederate -attention is made by the Sixth Corps and a cavalry force under Custer. -Passing through the camps of the Third Corps, Sedgwick and his men move -out towards Madison Court House, while Custer and his mounted force -push on to Charlottesville, where, on this final February day, hostile -forces are contending within sight and sound of Monticello, the home -and the tomb of Jefferson. - -March started off rainy and cold with usual rumors as to immediate -orders for some sort of a move, but duty on the picket line continued -just the same, and not a few remarked on the discomforts of those who -had gone out to Madison Court House and were compelled to bivouac -in the snow, into which the rain had changed. For the 2d day of the -month, the return of the Sixth Corps and its cavalry accompaniment -was chronicled, along with the fact that nothing had been heard from -Kilpatrick. Even in wartimes, it did not always rain and the 3rd, being -"a splendid day," some of the men climbed up the sides of Cedar or -Slaughter Mountain for the view, and to look up traces of the fierce -encounter, August 9, 1862, when the Second and Third Corps, Generals -Banks and McDowell respectively, all under General John Pope, were -beaten by "Stonewall" Jackson and his men. Having encamped so long -under the shadow of the eminence, the trip was particularly enjoyable -and there was no difficulty in locating many of the prominent features -of the bloody day which served as a prelude to the still bloodier -battle of Second Bull Run. A two hours' brigade drill on the 4th, -under Colonel Leonard, took all available men to the extensive plains -across Cedar Run. As an illustration of the degree to which neatness -was carried, it should be stated that from their respective company -funds pay was given to men, detailed for the purpose, who should do -the company washing, hence no excuse for uncleanliness would avail -thereafter. - -Sunday, the 7th, marked the relief of the Second Brigade on picket, -and its return by train to Culpeper, while the First Brigade took -its place. An order, promulgated March 10th to the effect that -all women in the camp must depart at once, was taken as a sign -of increased activity and the next day saw the departure of the -visiting betterhalves for their northern homes. Further indication -of active campaigning appeared on the 12th when the Colonel issued -an order directing the several captains to send back to Washington -all dresscoats. John S. Beck, Company C, entered in his diary, the -14th, "In the evening, took the Second Degree in Army Lodge, No. 8, -and Free and Accepted Masons," an unusual incident in army life; two -nights later, he took his Third Degree. St. Patrick's Day, or the -17th, secured no recognition in camp, though large fires on the rebel -side of the river betokened something doing there, yet the afternoon's -sun, lighting up the hillside on which the Confederates were encamped, -revealed their tents still in place. The 18th, in the afternoon, -witnessed no end of hurry and bustle as all effects were packed, even -to removing tents from the cabin roofs, and all were to be in readiness -to move at once. It was the general agreement that Stuart and his -lively followers were surely in the saddle. With stacked arms and -expectant hearts, the next order was awaited and, at 5.30 p. m., it -came, not to fall in and "Forward," but the bubble-burst words heard -so often, "As you were," with a resumption of regular camp routine and -duties. - -[Sidenote: MAR. 20, '64] - -The signing of pay-rolls on the 19th was a sure sign of the approach of -the paymaster and the perfection of the weather gave light hearts to -all, though a clergyman of the Methodist Church South, seized outside -our lines for conducting certain of Stuart's men to the capture of one -of our pickets may have had a leaden heart as he was dispatched on his -way to Washington, there to account for his conduct; bearing the name -of Garnett, he must have belonged to one of the best families of the -Old Dominion. The 20th was Sunday, not usually a pay day, but were -there signs of activity it was thus employed and, as the paymaster -came on this date, the event was considered a pretty sure sign of a -movement; so late did he begin, it was 8 p. m. before the last company -was reached. Much to the disgust of all who had thought winter over -and past, snow began to fall on the 22nd. By nightfall the ground was -white with it, the wind blowing as in an old-fashioned "nor'-easter," -so that the on 23rd there was a foot of snow lying around and all hands -had to turn out and shovel the same out of the streets and from the -parade ground, which was quite ready for the dress parade of the late -afternoon. - -To the Regiment, however, the most important event of the day was -the rearrangement of the several corps constituting the Army of the -Potomac, though this act had no immediate effect upon the regular -life of the Thirty-ninth. The First Army Corps of the Potomac Army, -commanded successively by Generals McDowell, Hooker, Reynolds and -Newton, had left an excellent record through the nearly two years of -its existence; the disk which, in red, white and blue, represented its -several divisions, had ever been a badge of honor and now the advent -of General Grant to the command of the army was to bring about various -changes, among them the merging of the First Corps with the Fifth; its -three divisions, reduced to two, became the Second and Fourth under -Robinson and Crawford respectively while Warren, of late temporarily -in command of the Second, was assigned to lead the Fifth Corps, and -Newton[I] who had succeeded Reynolds at Gettysburg, was relieved. -Under the same general orders, the Third Corps also was disbanded, -its first and second divisions going to the Second Corps, its third -division to the Sixth, and General Sykes, the Commander, to the command -of the District of South Kansas. There were thus left the Second, Fifth -and Sixth Corps in the Potomac Army, to which in the campaign of 1864 -the Ninth Corps, under General Burnside, was to be added. - -This rearrangement of army relations was not accomplished without some -heart-burning and many adverse remarks. John D. Billings in his story -of the Tenth Massachusetts Battery says: - - "Next to the attachment men feel for their own company or regiment, - comes that which they feel for their corps. All the active services - that we had seen was in the Third Corps, and its earlier history and - traditions from the Peninsula to Gettysburg had become a part of our - pride, and we did not care to identify ourselves with any other. If - such was our feeling in the matter, how much more intense must have - been that of the troops longer in its membership, whose very blood - and sinew were incorporated with the imperishable name it won under - General Sickles." - -The farewell of General Newton to the men of the First Corps bears date -of March 25, 1864, and is as follows:-- - - "Upon relinquishing command I take occasion to express the pride and - pleasure I have experienced in my connection with you, and my profound - regret at our separation. Identified by its services with the history - of the war, the First Corps gave at Gettysburg a crowning proof - of valor and endurance, in saving from the grasp of the enemy the - strong position upon which the battle was fought. The terrible losses - suffered by the Corps in that conflict attest its supreme devotion to - the country. Though the Corps has lost its distinctive name by the - present changes, history will not be silent upon the magnitude of its - services." - -[Sidenote: MAR. 26, '64] - -Though the Thirty-ninth had borne no part in the battle-trials of -the corps, save in the premonitions at Mine Run, yet its marchings -and campings, during eight months of service, had done much towards -impressing upon the Regiment the character of the corps and an -appreciation of the corps and an appreciation of its excellent record. - -Foundation facts for the coming summer are coming fast in these -days for, on the 26th of March, General U. S. Grant established his -headquarters at Culpeper, a little south of those of the Army of the -Potomac. For just a month, the General's name has been heard in the -public ear more than usual since, on the 26th of February, the bill -restoring the grade of lieutenant-general became a law; on the 1st of -March, General Grant's name was sent to Congress and it was confirmed -March 2nd; on the 3rd, he was ordered to Washington to receive his -commission and he started the day following. March 9th, in the White -House, in the presence of the President's Cabinet, his staff or such as -were with him and his son, Fred, General Grant received his commission -from the hands of Lincoln, with the briefest possible exchange of -compliments. The Thirty-ninth Regiment knew it not, but on the 10th, -the Lieutenant-general was at Brandy Station viewing some of the scenes -that were to be better known by him in approaching days; the next day -he was in Washington again and in the evening started back to the west. -Many plans were evolved by Grant and his lieutenants before his return -to Washington on the 23rd, whence he went to Culpeper as before stated. -Henceforth his military record will be a part of that of the Potomac -Army. - -While this is strictly a story of the Thirty-ninth Massachusetts, of -any happening in the camp of our near neighbors and good friends, -the men of the Sixteenth Maine, passing mention is due here. Colonel -Charles W. Tilden had been captured at Gettysburg and had been held -prisoner in Richmond until the 10th of February, when with others he -got away from Libby through General A. D. Streight's famous tunnel -and on the 28th of March, at four o'clock in the afternoon, he was -received by his old boys with a heartiness which only old soldiers -can give to the tried and true; in the evening followed a feast in -the regimental chapel, attended by the officers of the Sixteenth and -the field officers of the brigade, all uniting in the most fervent -expressions of respect and admiration; the history of the Sixteenth -has this concerning the words of our esteemed Commander, "Colonel -Davis, whose encampment is a paragon of neatness and comfort, replied -in his calm and witty way to a toast complimentary to the Thirty-ninth -Massachusetts." The next day several hundred men from other regiments -in the brigade assembled at 9 a. m. to witness the presentation to -Colonel Tilden by his regiment of a magnificent black stallion duly -caparisoned; evidently the officer was greatly admired. The remainder -of the day was one of diversion for the men of the Sixteenth and their -friends. - -[Sidenote: APR. 8, '64] - -The One Hundred and Seventh Pennsylvania, a member of our brigade, -whose Colonel, Thos. F. McCoy, at times commanded the brigade, pretty -generally enlisted in the month of February, but its re-enlistment -home-going did not begin until this day; surely no April Fool's -occasion for the happy men who crowded aboard the train which was to -carry them hence, all intent on the happiness in store for them; the -"battle summer" will be well under way before the regiment rejoins us; -a considerable part of the One Hundred and Fourth New York also started -away on a similar errand. On the 3rd, the Ninetieth Pennsylvania came -over from the Second Brigade and occupied the camp of the One Hundred -and Seventh. The general harshness of the season marked early April, -rain and snow, and not till the seventh day did the weather clear -up effectually and, even then, as matters shaped themselves, there -were those who claimed that there was an improvement, not so much on -our account as that there might be a bright day for General Grant's -inspection. It was Fast Day, too, at home, but we were eating all we -could get. We were out early and active on the 8th, doing very thorough -policing. We were in line at 11 a. m. and before noon, the hero of -Vicksburg, accompanied by his staff and General Robinson, appeared, -receiving three cheers from the men as he rode by us; he took a look at -our camp and highly complimented its appearance. Evidently the General -had heard of our camp for he went down through the company streets -which were spick and span as usual. Then he went out to the picket-line -and thence to the signal station on the hill, Colonel Davis going with -him. Everyone was sizing him up and making some sort of a mental entry -concerning him, and one man wrote this, "He has a good, resolute look." -There seemed to be a general opinion that he was no great talker, but -that, as a doer, he would probably be all right. - -Stormy weather was resumed on the 9th and continued almost every day -until the excess of water washed away bridges between us and Washington -to the extent of stopping trains on the 11th, with consequent lack -of mails and other inconveniences; so efficient, however, were the -artificers of the army, the very next day trains resumed running and -letters from home made glad the hearts of men. During these days we -were packing all superfluous articles, preparatory to sending to -Alexandria, at the same time all were enjoined from writing about -this to the friends at home. The new management did not believe in -the utmost publicity. Saddened reflections followed the departure of -the sutler, on the 16th, since thereafter, it would be necessary to -forego luxuries altogether. The 19th saw seven discouraged rebels come -into our lines, saying that there were many more waiting a chance to -get through. Notwithstanding this, we could see that the enemy was -working hard on making breastworks, evidently expecting us to march -directly upon them; nobody knows just what way we shall advance, but it -probably will not be by the line surmised by the Confederates. Everyone -felt better on account of the serenade that the band of the Sixteenth -Maine favored us with in the evening of the 20th. The 21st marked the -departure of thirteen men from the Thirty-ninth, transferred to the -Navy, many of whom, being familiar with nautical duties, fancied that -service afloat would be preferable to that ashore. - -The Cavalry had been even more active, if possible, than the Infantry -during the winter and General Sheridan commented on the lean and -hungry look of the horses when he reached the army, but in spite of -leanness, this branch was the first to move--some said it had not -stopped moving,-and on the 23rd, one man wrote, "The Cavalry moved -out to-day" and, could he have foreseen the service that the restless -"Little Phil" was to exact from the horsemen, doubtless he had written -more at length. He also entered in that same journal, "The covering of -our chapel was taken off to-day, so I suppose our meetings are over." -Dismantling was the order of Sunday, the 24th, and unroofed cabins -lost their homelike look. The move of the 26th looked much like an -abandonment of our long time camp and the beginning of active warfare, -for the whole brigade, leaving the old camp behind, crossed Cedar Run -and, at a point a mile away from the former stopping place, pitched its -shelter tents in column by companies, the thirty-ninth Regiment being -on the right. Some went back to their old quarters to bring thence -boards to help out their sleeping facilities. By this change of camp, -it was expected to free the men from all surplus stuff and, at the same -time, to re-inure them to the hardships of active campaigning. The -remaining days of April were uneventful, given to parades, inspections -and drills, wherein knapsacks figured largely, thus testing the -endurance of the soldiers and on the 30th, Saturday, the Regiment was -mustered for two months' pay, March and April. - -[Sidenote: APR. 30, '64] - -No month in the year among dwellers in northern regions prompts to -brighter, happier thoughts than May; in distant Massachusetts, children -who had sought the fragrant arbutus through the daylight hours, were -repining that Sunday made it impracticable for them to hang May-baskets -when the evening shades appeared, a pleasure deferred however only -till the following night. To the men and boys, afar from familiar -scenes and cherished friends, the pleasures of peace were denied, and -being on the eve of departure, much of regular camp life was omitted. -Their neighbors, the Sixteenth Maine, formed in hollow square and had -religious services, but letter writing was the most serious employment -for the men of the Thirty-ninth. Could they have known the horrors -through which they were to pass before another Lord's Day returned, -with what eloquence had those messages teemed which carried simply the -usual words of love and fealty. Hands that wrote tender words on this -May day, ere another week had passed, were folded on soldierly breasts, -asleep in battle-made graves. For nearly an entire year, with no long -rest in winterquarters, no respite from the noise of combat, the men of -the North and their brothers from the South are about to engage in a -death grapple, and a baptism of blood awaits the tyros of the Lynnfield -camp, the cadets of Edward's Ferry and Poolesville, the Capital -guardians of Washington, and the admirably equipped soldiers of Colonel -Davis' pride. - -Though it is the 2d day of May and we are in the supposedly "Sunny -South," snow is plainly visible on the tips of the Blue Ridge and where -the mountains are high enough, anywhere snow may be found the whole -year round. Company E, Somerville, is taking the least bit of pride to -itself in that its Captain Kinsley, the senior officer of that rank, -commands in the battalion-drill. Keen observers of signs are these -soldier boys and, when they learn that the cars have come up for the -last time, and when they hear, at dress parade, a letter of praise -and patriotic prompting from General George G. Meade, all this on the -3rd, they know full well that the days of winterquarters are all but -ended; certainty is added to surety when, at 10 p. m., three days' -rations are issued with the not over cheerful information that they -must last us six; at midnight, we are awakened and told to be ready to -move in fifteen minutes. How many glances are cast towards the Rapidan, -during the nearly three hours' wait before the start is made, not of -apprehension but of wonder as to what the outcome will be when "brave -Northmen shall the Southern meet in bold, defiant manner?" We know full -well that our faces are soon to be set towards the south, that once -more the stream, so often crossed and recrossed, will soon greet us -again as we pass over or through it; remembering the mettle of the man -who is now leading, one who never made provisions for retreat, because -he never retreated, we realize that in our progress southward there -will be no backward turning, that, while "few shall part where many -meet," some of our numbers will survive to carry forward the Flag, and -everyone had a perfect conviction of the righteousness of his cause and -absolute confidence in its eventual triumph. - -[Sidenote: MAY 4, '64] - -The main incidents of these days in early May are writing themselves -deep in the hearts of America; as long as he lives will every -participant, whether in blue or gray, recall the impressions that were -his as he realized the immensity of the struggle that is impending. -Of it, Grant has said in his Memoirs, "The capture of the Confederate -capital and the army defending it was not to be accomplished without -as desperate fighting as the world has ever witnessed." Lee left no -memoirs but his biographer wrote, "He divined Grant's plans, and -cutting the latter from the object of his desires, threw himself upon -him in a contest whose fury may be gauged by the fact that the musketry -fire continued in one unbroken roar for seventeen hours, and trees -were shorn down by the musket balls." The outlines of the movement -which began with the start of the Second Corps, at 11 p. m. of the -3rd, crossing at Ely's Ford at six o'clock in the morning of the 4th, -followed at Germanna's in turn by that of the Fifth and Sixth Corps -in order, have been told in hundreds of places by both tongue and pen; -they form the a, b, c of 1864 military history, so we must content -ourselves with the fact that when, at three o'clock of the 4th of May, -the Thirty-ninth hears that ever significant command, "Forward, March!" -the Second Corps, under the lead of Hancock the Superb, is nearing -Ely's Ford in its all night's march; and the ever-vigilant Sixth Corps, -under glorious "Uncle John" Sedgwick, is only awaiting the advance of -our Fifth Corps, led by Warren, around whose head must ever wreathe -the halo of Little Round Top, before following to take position at our -right in the forthcoming battle-line. - -[Illustration: - - JOHN C. ROBINSON - B'v't Major-General - Second Div. Fifth Corps - - GOVERNEUR K. WARREN - Major-General - Fifth Corps - - PETER LYLE - B'v't Brig.-General - First Brig., Second Div. Fifth Corps] - -FOOTNOTES: - -[I] John Newton, like Winfield Scott and George H. Thomas, was a -native of Virginia, and was appointed thence to West Point, where he -was graduated in 1842, No. 2, in a class that included Rosecrans, -Pope, Seth Williams, Doubleday, Sykes and other noted Federal leaders -and Longstreet, D. H. Hill, Gustavus W. Smith, McLaws and Van Dorn -of the Confederates. In continuous service in the Engineer Corps, he -had attained the rank of captain when the war began. He was assistant -engineer in the construction of the defenses of Washington; served -through the Peninsular campaign; was at Antietam, Fredericksburg, -Chancellorsville and at Gettysburg and followed Reynolds as commander -of the First Corps. After leaving the Army of the Potomac, he commanded -a division in the Fourth Corps, under O. O. Howard, in the army of -the Cumberland having a part in the campaign which culminated in -the capture of Atlanta, September 1864. Later he commanded various -districts in Florida until his muster-out from the volunteer service, -January 1866. His subsequent life was devoted to engineering, among his -most notable deeds being the removal of obstructions in Hell Gate, the -narrow passage of East River, between Long Island Sound and New York -Harbor. Subsequent to his resignation from the army in 1884, he became -Commissioner of Public Works in New York City; at the time of his death -in his seventy-second year, May 1, 1895, he was president of the Panama -Railroad and of the Panama and Columbian Steamship Companies. - - - - -THE WILDERNESS - - -At first our own course is northward, toward Culpeper, then we bear off -to the right, passing the headquarters of the Sixth Corps, and those of -the Army of the Potomac skirting the base of Pony Mountain and on to -Germanna, remembered well in our Mine Run campaign. Though nominally, -for several days a part of the Fifth Corps, we do not actually meet -any part of the Corps itself till just before reaching the ford. We -cross the river at about 11 a. m., nowhere encountering any opposition -from the enemy, who evidently is endeavoring to ascertain what Grant's -objective may be, catching up with the other portions of the Corps late -in the afternoon. After an arduous march of considerably more than -twenty miles, burdened by heavy knapsacks, filled in winter quarters, -our division bivouaced near the Wilderness Tavern.[J] From this point -the almost countless campfires of our army could be seen, always an -impressive sight, and never were the soldiers of the Potomac Army in a -more impressible mood than after their long period in winter quarters. -Of the troop thus in bivouac, Lieut. Porter of Company A wrote, "The -men were in the best of spirits. They believed that the supreme effort -to bring the rebellion to a close was being made. There were enthusiasm -and determination in the minds of everyone." A year ago the word -"Wilderness" was frequently heard as the events of Chancellorsville -were discussed and now it is to gain even wider mention; it seems a -name quite out of place in the midst of the Old Dominion, not so far -from the very first settlements in British North America. - -General Morris Schaff in his story of the great battle says this of -the section, "What is known as the Wilderness begins near Orange Court -House on the west and extends almost to Fredericksburg, twenty-five or -thirty miles to the east. Its northern bounds are the Rapidan and the -Rappahannock and, owing to the winding channels, its width is somewhat -irregular. At Spottsylvania, its extreme southern limit, it is some -ten miles wide." Considerably more than a hundred years before, there -were extensive iron mines worked in this region under the directions of -Alexander Spottswood, then governor of Virginia. To feed the furnaces -the section was quite denuded of trees and the irregular growth of -subsequent years, upon the thin soil, of low-limbed and scraggy pines, -stiff and bristling chinkapins, scrub-oaks and hazel bushes gave rise -to the appellation so often applied. Hooker and Chancellorsville are -already involved in memories of the region and coming days will give -equal associations with Grant and Meade, while the Confederates, -remembering that within its mazes their own shots killed their peerless -leader, Jackson, ere many hours have passed will lament a similar -misfortune to Longstreet. - -[Sidenote: MAY 4, '64] - -Within this tangled thicket, artillery will be of no avail and the vast -array of thunderers will stand silent as artillerymen hear the roar -of musketry; cavalry will be equally out of the question, but within -firing distance more than two hundred thousand men will consume vast -quantities of gunpowder in their efforts to destroy each other. It is -generally understood that General Grant did not expect an encounter -with Lee within the Wilderness itself, as is evident in Meade's orders -to Hancock and the Second Corps; indeed on the 5th the latter was -recalled from Chancellorsville to the Brock Road at the left of the -Fifth Corps, the Confederates having displayed a disposition to attack -much earlier than the Union Commanders had thought probable; how -Sedgwick and the Sixth Corps held the Union right, Warren and his Fifth -the centre and Hancock with the Second were at the left are figures -from the past well remembered by participant and student. While every -movement of the Union Army has a southern tendency, a disposition to -get nearer to Richmond, yet in the Wilderness all of the fighting was -along a north and south line, the enemy exhibiting an unwillingness -to be outflanked as easily as the new leader of the Potomac Army had -evidently expected. - -In the morning of the 5th of May, General Richard S. Ewell commands -the Confederate left with "Stonewall" Jackson's old army or what may -be left of it; next to him, at his right, is A. P. Hill with the -divisions of Wilcox, Heth, Scales and Lane; Longstreet has not arrived -as yet, the morning finding him as far away as Gordonville, but he is -making all the speed possible towards the scene of conflict, and when -he arrives his station will be on the rebel right, his lieutenants -being Anderson, Mahone, Wofford and Davis. The intricacies of this -jungle-infested region are much better known to the Southern soldiers -than to those from the North, and this knowledge is a full compensation -for any disparity in numbers known to exist. Burnside and the Ninth -Corps of the Federal forces are just crossing the Rapidan after a -forced march from Rappahannock Station and when they reach the battle -line, it will be to occupy some of the thinly covered interval between -Warren and Hancock. All of the amenities of the long winter months are -now forgotten, and war to the death is confronting every combatant, -whether in blue or gray. - -In coming days, these men will recount the events of May, 1864, and -while the roar of musketry will play a veritable diapason of war -for them, they will not forget how readily they dropped the musket -and, grasping axe or shovel, felled the trees and, weaving them into -earth-covered breastworks, interposed thus much protection from the -cruel missiles of the enemy. If the survivors of the Potomac Army in -the battle summer had chosen to wear subsequently as under-guards or -supports of their respective Corps-badges, whether, trefoil, Greek or -Maltese Cross or shield, the semblance of musket and shovel crossed, no -one would have questioned its oppositeness. However averse men may have -been to the regular use of pick and shovel, experience soon told them -that an old fence rail, a small sapling or a shovelful of earth might -ward off a hostile bullet and, lacking the intrenching tools, they were -known to throw up, in an incredibly brief time, serviceable defenses, -using no more effective utensils than their bayonets, case-knives and -tin plates. Future archaeologists, in the Wilderness region, will -have difficulty in distinguishing between the works of the Eighteenth -century miners and their soldier successors more than a hundred years -later. Deeply scarred was the battle-riven surface of the Old Dominion -and, centuries hence, poets and historians will wax as eloquent over -some of these fiercely contested places as did Charles Dickens over -the bloody field of Shrewsbury where "the stream ran red, the trodden -earth became a quagmire and fertile spots marked the places where heaps -of men and horses lay buried indiscriminately, enriching the ground." -Macaulay, too, never wrote with more brilliant pen than when he -described the poppy-strewn plain of Neerwinden, "fertilized with twenty -thousand corpses." - -[Sidenote: MAY 5, '64] - -If Grant had known as definitely the mind of Lee as the latter -appeared to divine the intentions of the Union General, the story -of the Wilderness might have been very different. The orders for -the morning of the 5th were for Warren to move to Parker's store, -towards the southwest; Sedgwick was to follow Warren, ranging up at -his right; Hancock with the Second Corps was to advance, also towards -the southwest, his left to reach to Shady Grove Church. The enemy was -discovered before Warren reached Parker's store and he was ordered to -attack; Getty and the Second Division of the Sixth Corps were sent -to defend Warren's left flank and Wright with the First Division of -the Sixth Corps was ordered up to Warren's right, and at nine o'clock -Hancock was ordered to come to the support of Getty, all this happening -where Grant had expected, at least had hoped for, an unopposed passage. -Instead of a retreating enemy, Warren opened the great battle of the -Wilderness by an attack upon a foe ready for the fray; but let the -Fifth Corps Commander tell his own story:-- - - "Set out according to orders, 6. a. m., towards Parker's - store--Crawford, Wadsworth, Robinson; enemy reported close at hand in - force, and when Crawford had nearly reached Parker's, Generals Meade - and Grant arrived and determined to attack the force on the road near - Griffin (Warren's right division). Wadsworth was gotten into line - immediately on the left of Griffin with one brigade of Crawford, - Robinson in support. We attacked with this force impetuously, carried - the enemy's line, but being flanked by a whole division of the enemy - were compelled to fall back to our first position, leaving two guns on - the road between the lines that had been advanced to take advantage of - the first success. The horses were shot and the guns removed between - our lines. The attack failed because Wright's (Third) division of the - Sixth Corps was unable on account of the woods to get up on our right - flank and meet the division (Johnson's Ewell's Corps) that had flanked - us. Wright became engaged some time afterward. We lost heavily in this - attack, and the thick woods caused much confusion in our lines. The - enemy did not pursue us in the least. We had encountered the whole of - Ewell's Corps. The enemy that moved on past Parker's along the Plank - Road was Hill's corps. General Getty's division of the Sixth Corps - was sent to the intersection of the Brock Road to check the column, - which it did, and General Hancock was ordered up from Todd's tavern, - and also engaged Hill's corps. At this time I sent Wadsworth with his - division and Baxter's (Second) Brigade (Second Division) to attack - Hill's left flank as he engaged Hancock. It was late when this was - done, but the attack produced considerable impression. Wadsworth's - men slept on their arms where night overtook them. During the night, - I sent instructions to Wadsworth to form in line northeast and - southwest, and go straight through, and orders were given to attack - next morning at 4.30 with the whole army, Burnside being expected up - by that time to take part. With the rest of my force I prepared to - attack Ewell in conjunction with a part of the Sixth Corps." - -During the day, General Alexander Hays, commanding a brigade in the -Second Corps was killed, a contemporary of Grant at West Point, he -was one of the bravest of the brave; Generals Getty and Carroll were -wounded, but remained on the field. The report of General Robinson, -commanding the division, does not add any essentials to the report -of General Warren. Unfortunately no report of our Brigade nor of the -regiments composing it are found. Comrade Beck of Company C has this to -say of his observations during the day:-- - - "Turned out at three o'clock and started at about light; after some - delay found the rebels in force; the advance forces of our Corps drove - the enemy from his first line of works; we were in reserve till about - 12 m., when we were ordered into line-of-battle on the right of the - Plank Road; dead and wounded are in evidence and there is hot work - ahead. The Rebs have a strong position across a ravine; our artillery - could not be placed in position; volley after volley was fired all - day from all along, both left and right; we had to lay low, the balls - whistled thick around us; at six o'clock were ordered to charge but - were ordered back; it would have been madness, since the enemy had - a cross fire on us. We lay in line-of-battle all night; many of our - wounded could not be reached, and it was awful to hear their cries; - when the stretcher-bearers tried to get them, the Rebs opened a - battery on them." - -[Sidenote: MAY 5, '64] - -Readers with memories will recall that, some time after Gettysburg, -Longstreet was detached from the Army of Lee and sent to Georgia -to help the Confederates whom Rosecrans was pressing hard; sometime -before this, early in 1863, two divisions of the Ninth Corps had -been withdrawn from the Potomac and dispatched to the Department of -the Ohio to aid in the campaign Burnside was then projecting. Both -Confederates and Federals had returned to the East; Longstreet, most -remote of the rebel array, had been striving to reach the field where -his chief was struggling with the Union Army and, by one of the most -wonderful coincidences in all history, Burnside and his following, save -two divisions, were swinging into position between Warren and Hancock, -only a few minutes later than Longstreet when the latter came up to the -help of Hill. Grant in his Memoirs says that Meade wished the hour of -attack on the 6th to be set at 6 a. m., an hour and a half later than -the orders of the night of the 5th. "Deferring to his wishes as far as -I was willing, the order was modified and 5 was fixed as the hour to -move." So then we come to the 6th of May and a resumption of Warren's -report:-- - - "At precisely five o'clock the fighting began. General Wadsworth I - re-enforced with Colonel Kitching, 2400 strong (an independent brigade - of the Fourth Division). He fought his way entirely across the Second - Corps' front to the south side of the Plank Road, and wheeling round - commenced driving them up the Plank Road toward Orange Court House. - The accumulating force of the enemy staggered his advance, and the - line became confused in the dense woods. In the very van of the fight, - General Wadsworth was killed by a bullet through his head, and General - Baxter was wounded. On our right, the enemy was found to be intrenched - and but little impressions could be made. I then sent another brigade - to sustain General Hancock, who had now two of my divisions and one - of the Sixth Corps, and was defending himself from both Hill and - Longstreet. They charged and took possession of a part of his line but - were driven out again. Late in the evening, the enemy turned General - Sedgwick's right very unexpectedly, and threw most of his line into - confusion. I sent General Crawford at double-quick, and the line was - restored to him.... In most respects, the result of the day's fighting - was a drawn battle." - -The report of General Robinson of the Second Division repeats some -of Warren's statements, at the same time mentioning the fact that he -accompanied General Baxter with the Second Brigade, which went with -Wadsworth of the First Division on the 5th, when all hastened to the -relief of Hancock; he names Colonel Lyle, of the Ninetieth Pennsylvania -as commanding the First Brigade. He also mentions the death of his -Assistant Inspector General, Lieut. Colonel David Allen, Jr., of the -Twelfth Massachusetts on the 5th, and mentions the charge of the -First Brigade (ours) late on the 5th, when the Ninetieth Pennsylvania -suffered so severely. In the afternoon of the 6th, he was ordered to -send another brigade to the support of Hancock, and later still one -more which he accompanied, ranging them on the right of the Second -Corps. There he ordered the building of rifle-pits, while he rode to -Hancock's headquarters; the latter telling him that he is ordered to -attack, and requesting Robinson to join in the assault, our Division -Commander returned to his command and made ready to advance, awaiting -orders. Two hours later, heavy firing was heard on his left and he was -visited by General D. B. Birney who stated that the enemy had broken -through our lines and that Hancock was cut off. Robinson at once faced -his second line about and made ready to receive attacks on his left -and rear. Before any further change was effected, General Birney was -summoned by Hancock, and Robinson learned that, instead of breaking -through, the enemy had been repulsed. It seems a little strange that -the General does not mention the death of General Wadsworth, his fellow -division commander, nor the wounding of Baxter of his own command. The -taking off of Wadsworth was a great calamity, representing, as he did, -the vast array of citizen soldiery. Far past the age of military duty, -one of the wealthiest men in the Empire State, he nevertheless threw in -his services and, eventually, his life for the cause he loved.[K] - -[Sidenote: MAY 6, '64] - -Returning to the meager records of our own Regiment, we glean -certain facts, as that the Brigade was advanced in the morning to -nearly its former position and that it was shortly withdrawn and -sent to the extreme left on the plank-road, where breastworks were -thrown up under active skirmishing. Also on this day, in the various -changes of position, the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth -and Fifty-ninth Massachusetts Regiments were met, all of them in -the Ninth Army Corps, and all of them having officers largely drawn -from the older organizations of the Bay State. Private Horton of "E" -says, "We lay all night in the same place, the rebels keeping up the -firing. We are relieved at 4 a. m. and go back and get breakfast. -Travel around almost all day; go to the left where is heavy firing; -throw up some rifle-pits." Beck of "C" in effect coincides with the -foregoing, though he closes the day's account with the words, "Some -of the hardest fighting on record; we build intrenchments on the side -of the road and sleep in them through the night; troops were passing -and repassing all of the evening; we are having nice warm weather for -our operations." Lieutenant Dusseault of "H" relates the incident of -a false alarm, while the men were lying along the road, between that -and the breastworks:--"About midnight, while the boys were trying to -get a little sleep, a great racket was heard not far away, and some in -their alarm thought the whole rebel army was upon us. It proved to be -a stampede of our own cattle, and they came bellowing down the space -between the flanks and the works, and over the prostrate forms of our -men. The choice language of the startled sleepers, when they came to -understand the situation, added not a little to the tumult." During the -day, in one of the several charges made upon us, "A rebel prisoner, -apparently wounded and just able to crawl about, on hearing the shouts -of his compatriots so near, and dreading to fall into their hands, -much to our amusement, jumped up a well man and ran like a deer towards -our rear." - -Of the charge made in the afternoon of the 5th, this story is told in -the history of the Ninetieth Pennsylvania whose Colonel, Peter Lyle, -was in command of the Brigade, having succeeded Colonel Leonard of the -Thirteenth Massachusetts:-- - - "The command was formed in line-of-battle and advanced until it - reached the open ground, beyond which the enemy was intrenched. The - line was established behind a slight rise of ground with small trees - and bushes in front, the right of the Ninetieth being separated from - the rest of the Brigade which it was impossible to occupy, being raked - by the enemy's artillery. We lay in this position for some time when - General Griffin,[L] in command of the First Division, rode up and - commanded a charge. Colonel Lyle promptly led his regiment forward - and, as soon as it had cleared the shrubbery in front, and emerged - upon the open field rebel batteries opened upon it with grape and - canister. The order was given to double-quick and with a shout it - advanced within close range of the rebel lines. When Colonel Lyle - discovered that he was unsupported, he gave the orders to about-face - and what was left rallied around the colors and, under a fierce fire - of infantry and artillery, returned to its original position.... Out - of two hundred and fifty-one men, one hundred and twenty-four were - killed, wounded or captured. From some misunderstanding or not having - received the same peremptory orders from General Griffin that he gave - the Ninetieth the rest of the brigade did not advance any distance, - leaving the Regiment entirely alone in the charge. - -[Sidenote: MAY 6, '64] - - "In fairness to our Regiment, it should be stated that the left wing - heard the orders which sent the Ninetieth forward and, responding, - suffered with it. The wonder is that, in the confusion of numbers, - noise and misunderstood commands, more errors rather than less, are - not recorded. It is not to the discredit of Colonel Lyle that he is - said to have shed tears over the calamity which befell his brave - followers through no fault of his." - -Colonel Peirson in a paper read before the Loyal Legion also has a -fling at these same guns to the following effect:-- - - "We also left behind two guns which were on the turnpike in front of - Warren's position, which were lost by Griffin on the 5th, and were - between the two armies until we retired. A brigade of Robinson's - division vainly attempted a charge to retake them, but the plain was - swept by canister at 350 yards, and the brigade returned with heavy - loss. It was understood that the sixth Corps was to join in this - attempt but General Upton, whose brigade lay on the right of Robinson, - refused to move, saying, 'It is madness.' So sensitive were the enemy - about the matter, they fired on our stretcher-bearers, who advanced - to bring in the wounded; and the wounded were not brought in, but lay - all night calling for water and help, to the great distress of their - comrades." - -Two such days, as were the 5th and 6th of May in the Wilderness, -evidently were as much as even Grant and Lee could endure. The former -is said to have remarked to Meade on the 7th, "Joe Johnston would -have retreated after two such days' punishment." The losses on both -sides were frightful; there was little of the spectacular which will -always characterize Gettysburg, but men, in all their mortal combats, -never grappled in fiercer, more determined struggles than in those of -the dense and tangled Wilderness. In his Memoirs, Grant says, "More -desperate fighting has not been witnessed on this continent than that -of the 5th and 6th of May," and he was at Shiloh and Chattanooga; -evidently the great Westerner was changing his mind as to the -fighting qualities of Eastern armies. The Union force had lost 2,265 -killed, 10,220 wounded, and 2,902 missing; an aggregate of 15,387. -While Confederate data as to numbers are frequently questioned, the -Medical and Surgical History of the War makes the Southern losses, -2,000 killed, 6,000 wounded and 3,400 missing; a total of 11,400. The -Confederates also had lost Brigadier Generals Micah Jenkins and John -M. Jones, both gallant officers, but their greatest personal loss -was that of General Longstreet, grievously wounded on the 6th and -immediately carried from the field. Thomas Nelson Page refers to the -event as the fourth similar incident where, seemingly, the loss of one -man ended the hope of rebel victory, as the deaths of A. S. Johnston at -Shiloh, "Stonewall" Jackson at Chancellorsville, the wounding of "Joe" -Johnston at Seven Pines and of Longstreet, "at the critical moment when -victory hovered over his arms." - -FOOTNOTES: - -[J] General Morris Schaff, who was a member of General Warren's Staff, -says, "Robinson, who brought up the rear of the corps, camped on the -Germanna Road, the middle of his division about where Caton's Run comes -down through the woods from the west." P. 97 - -[K] Greeley in "The American Conflict" says, "Thousands of the unnamed -and unknown have evinced as fervid and as pure a patriotism, but no one -surrendered more for his country's sake, or gave his life more joyfully -for her deliverance, than did James S. Wadsworth." - -[L] In General Schaff's "Wilderness" we may read, "The victorious -Confederates could not pursue beyond the guns, or even stand there, for -Sweitzer's of Griffin's, and the First Brigade of Robinson's division, -under my friend, Charles L. Peirson, a gentleman, together with our -rallied men, now poured such a fire into them from the east side of -the field, that they fled back to their lines on the edge of the -woods.... In an effort to recapture the guns--whose loss, Griffin, the -commander of our West Point battery in my day, felt deeply--the Ninth -Massachusetts and the Ninetieth Pennsylvania suffered frightfully, -adding to the thickly lying dead in the old field." (Page 163.) - - - - -THE BATTLE OF THE WILDERNESS - -BY CHANNING WHITTAKER - - - Most of the Infantry fighting of the Wilderness, as is well known, - occurred on May 5th and 6th, 1864, in almost impenetrable thickets of - tangled woodland growth, a growth facilitated by warmth of climate, by - a multitude of streamlets and by areas of morass. The Infantry line - of battle may have been from five to seven or eight miles in length. - General Grant said in his "Personal Memoirs," written just before - his death, "More desperate fighting has not been witnessed on this - continent than that of the 5th and 6th of May, 1864." The bloodiest - battlefields of those two days were those of Caton's Run of May 5th - and of the thicket bordered by the Brock and the Orange Plank Roads on - May 5th and 6th. During the battle I was pretty completely occupied - with what was occurring close about me and I had little knowledge of - what was occurring beyond my individual eyesight. Since the war I - have been too completely occupied by daily duties to seriously search - the records to ascertain the contribution which the Thirty-ninth - Massachusetts made to the battle as a whole. Since I received your - letter I have tried to ascertain where the Regiment was and what it - did with relation to the battle as a whole on those two days. It - participated in the Battle of Caton's Run on May 5th and in that of - the Brock and Plank Roads on May 6th, but because I am not at leisure - and my sources of information are limited, I shall attempt no account - of either battle as a whole. - -[Sidenote: MAY 5, '64] - - It is only recently that I have learned of the trap which the - Confederates had deliberately set for us on the morning of the 5th - of May in the gully of the unwooded valley of Caton's Run, where, - ambushed in the woods on the western edge, they awaited "with fingers - on triggers" the initial charge of our brave men, under the orders of - Grant and Meade and Warren, down the long unwooded slope, across the - roughly shaped gully of a primeval forest stream and up the long and - open slope beyond it; of the brutal and terrible carnage on the slopes - and at and about the battery caught in the gully; and that here, - where at about eight a. m. was killed Charles H. Wilson of Wrentham, - Co. I, Eighteenth Massachusetts, the first Federal infantryman to - fall in the campaign, were controlled and stayed the proud banners of - 17,000 Confederates under Lee and Ewell, including those of Walker, - commanding the famous Stonewall Brigade. The first assault in this - murderous trap was made by Griffin's First Division of Warren's Fifth - Corps, while our Brigade, the First of Robinson's Second Division of - the Fifth Corps, was held in reserve in their rear. - - What I remember of the Battle of the Wilderness after the lapse of - almost fifty years is a story quickly told. Some of the things which I - saw and experienced made an indelible impression upon my mind. Other - events have been crowded out by intervening occurrences, and of them I - have no memory. - - I will now state all that I remember of what occurred within my own - experience on the morning of May 5th, 1864. I suppose these things - occurred during Griffin's assault through the gully, and while the - Thirty-ninth was being held in reserve in Griffin's rear. - - We were standing in line of battle in a grove of oaks, the largest - of which were perhaps eight inches in diameter. I was in the front - rank near the right of Company B. First Lieutenant Spear was in his - usual place in the rear of the Company and a little to my left. - Lieutenant Spear turned on his heel and momentarily vacated his place. - Almost instantly a piece of a shell buried itself where he had stood. - Occasional bullets passed over our heads and among the oaks. Captain - W. W. Graham of Company B was at rest in front of the Company, leaning - against an oak but not behind it. A raw recruit in the rear rank who - had joined the Company at Mitchell's Station and who had not yet - learned to await the word of command aimed his rifle at a venture and - planted a bullet in Captain Graham's oak, close to his head. Orderly - Sergeant Allison shook the recruit by the collar and threatened - terrible things if he should fire again without orders. - - I can not recall that I knew anything of Griffin's assault while - it was in progress, or of the rout which followed it. I have since - learned from General Robinson's report that at the close of Griffin's - sanguinary assault, Griffin's Division was relieved by Robinson's - First and Second Brigades, ours, the First, taking the line of battle. - -[Sidenote: MAY 6, '64] - - I remember that the Regiment moved to a new position and that later - in the day we were lying, faces down, on the grass covered slope of a - ridge. Small pines branching from near the ground broke its surface. - Erect, and close behind us, Lieutenant Colonel Peirson walked back - and forth like a sentinel upon his beat, but with his eyes never off - of his ready but prostrate men. Absolutely alert, in quiet and calm - tones, he said to each restless one who sought a dangerous relief from - his unbearable immobility, "That man in ---- Company, lie down," or - whatever would cause the man to safeguard himself. The minie balls - continually showered the green pine needles and pitchy twigs upon - us. No one was in such danger as the Lieutenant Colonel, but he ever - walked back and forth, back and forth, speaking his words of friendly - caution. Still later it was desired that we should lie nearer the top - of the ridge. He said to Colonel Davis, "If you will stand here" (at - the right of the line to be formed) "I will align the men on you." - When we again stretched ourselves upon the slope our heads were close - to its top. Later in the afternoon we were standing in line of battle - on the top of the ridge. The line of battle of a Regiment on our - left made an angle of less than 180 with our own. For a moment I had - a clear, distinct view of its front brilliantly lighted by the rays - of the declining sun. I saw Colonel "Dick" Coulter on his prancing - horse in front of them. The vision though momentary was changeful, - unsteady, as if the men were staggering, falling. Our Brigade charged - down the western slope. A Battery was in the gully at the foot of the - slope, and neither the Federals nor the Confederates could touch it. - The Brigade did not reach the Battery but returned to the ridge. The - cries of the wounded on the slope were heart breaking. They called for - help, for water. I was told, "General Grant says, 'Let no well man - risk himself for his companion. He will need the help of all well men - to-morrow.'" There was a call for volunteers to act as skirmishers - on the slope toward the battery. I volunteered without any personal - request that I should do so. I was located some distance down the - slope and walked back and forth upon a "beat," like a camp guard. - Then I had a genuine surprise. While I walked and watched with fear - in my heart, the sun not having yet gone down, Lieutenant Colonel - Peirson came sauntering along the skirmish line as if he was enjoying - a pleasurable stroll. He made some casual remark and, handing me his - field glass, asked if I would enjoy seeking the battery through it. He - left me after I had had abundant time to look, but all of the fear had - gone and did not return. When I next saw the glass it had been ruined, - smashed by a shell which had nearly taken the life of the Lieutenant - Colonel at Spottsylvania. All night I walked back and forth on the - slope. - - When we took our position upon the Brock Road, volunteer skirmishers - were again called for and I responded as before. I was placed perhaps - three hundred feet in front of the Regiment in a typical Wilderness - forest tangle. Here were hardwood trees several inches in diameter, - and in an almost impenetrable mass between them were quickly grown - hardwood saplings of the diameter of one's finger and perhaps twenty - feet in height. These were in the beautiful, tender green, full - foliage of May and often woven all through between their interlacing - branches were strong, green, horse-briar vines in so high and dense - a hedge that had a line of battle been in your front not twenty - feet away you probably could not have seen it. My part was to watch - the thicket in front of my post and to give warning of the first - appearance of the enemy. My fear of the day before did not return. I - had excellent opportunity to hear the rapidly detonating musketry on - my left and front, varied by the deep bass of occasional artillery. As - the firing quickened I could no longer distinguish intervals between - the sounds. I heard only one clear, loud, inspiring, uplifting, - musical sound punctuated by artillery. - - Suddenly, upon my left and behind me all was commotion. The Sixteenth - Maine on our left fired volley after volley toward the front. My - regiment, the Thirty-ninth Massachusetts, followed their lead. I threw - myself upon my face until the fusilade had ceased. Then I lost no time - in reaching the Regiment. I saw no wounded in our immediate front, but - a number in butternut clothing crawled toward the Sixteenth Maine or - lay prostrate in their front. One in particular, I remember, he was - crawling upon his hands and knees toward the Sixteenth, while a large, - red stream flowed from his throat as I had seen blood flow from the - throat of a slaughtered pig. - - I now saw that a wonderful change had occurred in front of the - Thirty-ninth. A wide belt of the forest had disappeared. Three - parallel lines of breastworks, with an abatis in their front, were - undergoing construction along the Brock Road. Men without axes had - felled large trees with hatchets, and saplings with knives. Bayonets - instead of pickaxes had loosened the sun-baked Virginia clay and tin - plates instead of shovels had transferred the soil. The trees, the - saplings and the clay, under the direction of skilled mechanics and by - the herculean efforts of determined and rapid workmen, had taken and - were taking effective defensive shape. The moment the firing ceased - the constructive, defensive work again began. I saw upon the Brock - Road a mounted officer, riding and swinging his sword. I heard him - say, "General Grant says, 'If you hold this place until night, the - enemy must evacuate Petersburg and Richmond, is ours.'" I began to use - my bayonet and tin plate with the rest in constructing breastworks, - but the call for skirmishers soon came again and I went back to watch - through the night and the following day for the first signs of another - frontal attack, which happily did not come. Before we left this place - I listened to the account of my messmate, George V. Shedd, who, as one - of a squad, had passed on duty through a part of the woods where men - wounded, dying and dead had been blistered, blackened and burned by - ruthless forest fires. - - I have learned since that on the morning of May 6th a Confederate - engineer officer reported to General Longstreet that the extreme - left of the Infantry of the Army and of the Second Corps was in the - woods in front of the Brock Road and exposed. A flank attack by - four Brigades was immediately made, following first the unfinished - railroad bed where their march was practically unimpeded and then - advancing north through the woods. Our men, who were cooking coffee, - were completely surprised and routed, and this explains the confusion - which prevailed along the Brock Road when we arrived a little later. - The Brock Road was now almost in the grasp of Longstreet, who hoped - to seize it and to "put the enemy back across the Rapidan before - night." "Longstreet, followed by fresh Brigades at double-quick," - began to follow up the victory when he and his staff were mistaken - for Federal troops and fired upon by the Sixty-first Virginia of - Mahone's Confederate Brigade. Longstreet was severely wounded. General - Longstreet says, "I immediately made arrangements to follow up the - successes gained and ordered an advance of all my troops for that - purpose." - - (Here the hand of our comrade ceased, for fatal illness came upon him - ere his task was ended.--A. S. R.) - -[Sidenote: MAY 7, '64] - -One of the saddest features of the Wilderness struggle was the fire -kindled by exploding shells and which raged unchecked over much of the -fighting area, enveloping in its destroying embrace with equal fury the -blue and the gray, whether living or dead, and we can never know how -many among the missing were thus ushered into eternity. In Northern -burial grounds, no unusual sight is that of a cenotaph or memorial to -the memory of a departed soldier whose body was cremated or burned -beyond recognition in the Wilderness. Save for the industry displayed -in the building of rifle-pits, and the fruitless rebel assault on the -Sixth Corps at our right, the night connecting the 6th and 7th of May -was a quiet one; both sides were weary to the pitch of exhaustion, and -both had learned that breastworks had wonderfully preserving qualities -and, while Sheridan makes something of a stir at our left, as far away -as Todd's Tavern, the day is relatively a peaceful one. Very likely -the respective heads of the two great armies are taking inventories -of their losses and gain, if any of the latter were observable. Both -leaders had suffered sufficiently in the Wilderness, yet each one -is perfectly willing that the other should attack, and when Grant's -tentative skirmish line fails to draw the men in gray from their -intrenchments, the Union commander knows that the time for him to -continue his march towards Richmond has come. There appears to be a -general agreement among those keeping diaries that the Thirty-ninth, -with the other regiments of the brigade remained in or near the -intrenchments till well along in the afternoon, when it was withdrawn, -and in the rear had the privilege of preparing something to eat. Davis, -in his story of the Thirteenth Massachusetts, says fresh meat rations -were drawn and cooked and coffee was boiled, a most grateful relief, if -only a brief one. - -Of this day General Warren says that the army took up defensive -positions and spent the time getting together the several commands -which had been detached to defend parts of the field in the varying -emergencies of the previous days' battles. Of himself he remarks that -he had received, on the 6th, eighteen orders to send reinforcements -to other parts of the line. It is nine o'clock in the evening of the -7th that the Fifth Corps takes up its line of march towards the left. -Men of other corps are seen asleep as we pass by, and it is no craven -thought for us to wish that we might slumber also, but "Forward" is the -word. Lieutenant Schaff, more than forty years later to produce one of -the most remarkable battle descriptions ever given, his story of the -Wilderness, an officer on Warren's staff, says this of the scene:-- - - "Here comes the head of Warren's Corps with banners afloat. What calm - serenity, what unquenchable spirit are in the battle-flags! On they - go. Good-by, old fields, deep woods, and lonesome roads. And murmuring - runs, Wilderness, and Caton, you too farewell. The head of Warren's - column has reached the Brook Road and is turning South. At once the - men catch what it means. Oh, the Old Army of the Potomac is not - retreating, and, in the dusky light, as Grant and Meade pass by, they - give them high, ringing cheers. - - "Now we are passing Hancock's lines and never, never shall I forget - the scene. Dimly visible, but almost within reach of our horses, - the gallant men of the Second Corps are resting against the charred - parapets, from which they hurled Field. Here and there is a weird - little fire, groups of mounted officers stand undistinguishable in - the darkness, and up in the towering tree tops of the thick woods - beyond the intrenchments, tongues of yellow flame are pulsing from - dead limbs, lapping the face of night. All, all is deathly still. We - pass on, cross the unfinished railway, then Poplar Run and then up a - shouldered hill. Our horses are walking slowly. We are in dismal pine - woods, the habitation of thousands of whippoorwills uttering their - desolate notes unceasingly. Now and then a sabre clanks and close - behind us the men are toiling on. - - "It is midnight. Tood's Tavern is two or three miles away. Deep, deep - is the silence. Jehovah reigns; Spottsylvania and Cold Harbor are - waiting for us and here The Wilderness ends." - - - - -SPOTTSYLVANIA - - -[Sidenote: MAY 7, '64] - -Of this same day and evening, our own Colonel Peirson has also given a -vivid picture; after quoting Grant's words to Colonel Theodore Wyman, -sitting under a pine tree, on the 7th, "To-night Lee will be retreating -south" he says, in his Loyal Legion paper:-- - - "Lee did retreat south, but only for the purpose of intercepting the - onward movement of Grant, and he retreated so rapidly that we found - him at Spottsylvania when we emerged from The Wilderness. Nightfall - of the 7th saw our whole army on the march for Spottsylvania--Warren - leading with Robinson's division by the most direct route, which was - by the Brock Road, via Todd's Tavern,--leaving on the field all our - dead and wounded Grant remarked that if Lee thought he was going - to stop to bury his dead he was mistaken, but a few days later he - sent a cavalry force back with ambulances, who succeeded in saving - some of the wounded men.... The 7th was hot and dusty, and as it was - necessary in order to clear the roads of trains by daylight, the - movement was discovered by the enemy. The Fifth Corps in the advance, - preceded by cavalry and followed by the Second Corps, took the Brock - Road. The Sixth Corps moved by the Plank and Turnpike roads via - Chancellorsville, preceded by the train, and followed by the Ninth - Corps, who were the rear guard.... The Fifth Corps, led by Robinson's - division, marched all night and about six on the morning of the 8th - emerged from the wilderness near Todd's Tavern, and after marching a - mile or two came up with our cavalry, who, as evidenced by several - dead cavalrymen by the roadside, had recently been engaged with the - enemy." - -General F. A. Walker, in his history of the Second Corps, accounts for -the presence of the Confederates at Spottsylvania on the arrival of the -Union army in a very interesting manner. He says that Lee, convinced -of the intention on Grant's part of moving towards Fredericksburg, -ordered Anderson, who had succeeded to Longstreet's position, to move -in the morning of the 8th to Spottsylvania. We remember that the whole -battle section had been overrun with fire and that it was still burning -when the orders came. Anxious to escape its unpleasant nearness, -he determined to set out in the evening of the 7th and so make a -night-march of the fifteen miles intervening. By what Southern pietists -might call this Providential procedure on the part of the Confederate -leader, he got there ahead of Warren. - -Resuming Colonel Peirson's excellent paper bearing on this campaign, we -find him recording as follows:-- - - "As soon as the cavalry got out of the way Robinson's division at once - deployed, with Lyle's brigade on the left and leading, the Maryland - brigade (Third) coming upon his right, and Baxter's brigade (Second) - supporting still further on the right. In this way they advanced, - driving the skirmishers before them by and beyond Alsop's house, and, - reaching a wooded knoll, reformed the line, which had become somewhat - disordered, casting off their knapsacks in order to move more quickly, - and because the heat made them almost unsupportable. Pushing forward - again, they came in sight of a part of a light battery of the enemy, - which was firing down the Brock Road, and breaking into a run nearly - captured the two guns, driving them well to the rear. The leading - brigade had now advanced some two miles since its deployment, and - had reached a heavily wooded rise of ground, where they halted for a - moment to get breath and some alignment; and having run much of the - distance, had left the rest of the division far behind. The men were - very much blown, and many had fallen from the way from sunstroke and - fatigue. General Warren here rode up and, saying to General Robinson - that his orders were to go to Spottsylvania Court House, ordered him - forward. Robinson asked for time to get up his other brigades, but - after a few moments of waiting Warren became impatient, and General - Robinson ordered an immediate charge upon the enemy's line, then in - plain sight behind some rude breastworks, saying, 'We must drive them - from there, or they will get some artillery in position.' - - "The enemy's line was formed on a ridge across the Brock Road, near - its junction with a road leading to the Block House, and was protected - by an incomplete breastwork, with small pine-trees felled for abatis - and a rail fence parallel with the line to the front. The enemy was - hard at work finishing their breastworks. They were two brigades of - Kershaw's division of Longstreet's corps. - -[Sidenote: MAY 8, '64] - - "Lyle's brigade, in which my regiment was, charged over 500 yards - of open, badly gullied ground under a rapid fire from the enemy's - muskets and from the artillery we had so nearly captured. The troops - went over the rail fence, into the abatis, and up to within 30 feet - of the works, getting shelter then from the hill and the felled pine - trees. Here they lay to recover their wind, easily keeping down the - fire of the enemy in their front, who fired hurriedly and aimlessly, - and while waiting saw the Third Brigade (Marylanders) advancing - gallantly across the field to their support. The latter, however, - after getting halfway to the rebel works, broke under the enemy's fire - from the right and retreated in confusion, General Robinson being - shot in the knee while trying to rally them. The remaining brigade - was too far to the right and rear to assist in this assault. Lyle's - brigade, having rested these few minutes, started to go over the - works, and would have gone over, but at this moment, discovering a - fresh brigade of the enemy advancing in line of battle upon our left, - I (a lieutenant-colonel, upon whom the command had devolved, so few - were the men to reach this spot) reluctantly gave the order to retire, - and the command fell back in some confusion, but reformed when clear - of the flanking fire, and taking advantage of the accidents of ground - checked the advance of the enemy. The sun was so hot, and the men so - exhausted from the long run as well as from the five days and nights - of fighting and marching, that this retreat, though disorderly, was - exceedingly slow, and we lost heavily in consequence from the enemy's - fire. My own experience was that, while wishing very much to run, - I could only limp along, using my sword as a cane. My color-bearer - (Cottrell) was shot by my side, and unheeding his appeal to save - him, I could only pass the colors to the nearest man, and leave the - brave fellow to die in a rebel prison. The flanking brigade of the - enemy, which so nearly succeeded in surrounding us, was part of - Longstreet's corps (now under command of General R. H. Anderson) and - it was his line we had so nearly broken.... That Longstreet's corps - had but just arrived at the line of our assault is evident from the - incomplete nature of the breast works, and from the fact that they had - no artillery in position. Had there been any support for the brigade - which got up to the rebel works, the enemy's line would have been - broken, and our army would have been between Lee's army and Richmond; - but as we have seen the only supporting brigade was far behind, and - the rest of the Fifth Corps not yet up.... - - "The delay in Robinson's movement caused by the cavalry was - unfortunate, and gave rise to a good deal of feeling at the time. - General Meade, who was always for giving the infantry a free foot, - had sent orders to General Sheridan, on the night of the 7th, to have - his cavalry out of the Brock Road, but Sheridan, not receiving them, - obstructed the road with a brigade, and as the cavalry and infantry - became unavoidably mixed up, this delayed the advance.... It is known - that in an interview at this time, General Meade was very indignant - with General Sheridan, until he learned from him personally that he - had never received the orders to clear the road, when Meade frankly - apologized for what must have been harsh censure. In this interview - which was described to me by Colonel Theodore Lyman, who was present, - General Sheridan, being much chagrined by the censure of his superior - officer, stated there was no force worth speaking of in front of the - advance of the Fifth Corps; but he seems to have withdrawn this view, - when in his cooler moments he came to write his report. Perhaps the - feeling which caused Warren's unjustifiable removal from the command - of the Fifth Corps at Five Forks began here.... The advanced troops - fell back to the line which had been taken up by the Fifth Corps, - intrenched, and waited for the Sixth Corps to come up, which they did - in the afternoon, going into position on Warren's left. Crawford's - division of the Fifth Corps made an attack in the afternoon, but with - little result beyond capturing some seventy prisoners and losing - considerably in killed and wounded." - -In the preceding pages General Peirson refers to the fact of the -command of the Regiment devolving on himself; it might have been stated -that Colonel Davis, a very large and stout man, though doing his best -to lead his men whose pace was more than double-quick, was completely -overcome by the heat and mounted upon one of the Rebel Battery horses, -cut out by Milton F. Roberts of "C," was carried to the rear. Modesty -no doubt influenced General Peirson not to state that he was, himself, -hit by a portion of a buckshot-cartridge, three of the missiles lodging -in his right arm or shoulder, his sword-cane giving place to the -stalwart shoulders of Isaac H. Mitchell of "A." Two of the bits of lead -were picked out by the surgeon, the other is there yet. The wound did -not keep the resolute officer long from his post. - -Here is the story as told by I. H. Mitchell, Company A, and transcribed -by Channing Whittaker, Company B.:-- - -[Sidenote: MAY 8, '64] - - "It must have been very near to where the Johnnies were that - Lieutenant Colonel Peirson received three buck-shot in his right arm - above the elbow, on May 8th, 1864. It was after we had been ordered to - fall back that I first saw him after he was wounded. He was conscious, - but perfectly helpless. He was trying to get back. I took him right - upon my shoulder and carried him quite a distance into and part way - through the woods, where we had formed line just before the last - charge in which he was wounded. I had carried him 100 yards sure, and - was still carrying him to the rear, when we met a man with a horse who - was looking for some officer. I told him that I had got to have the - horse to carry the Lieutenant Colonel. He did not object, because he - could not find his man, and the bullets were whistling about pretty - thick at that time. He then led the horse and I held the Lieutenant - Colonel on his back, while I walked by his side. We followed the - general direction of those who were going to the rear. I was not sure - whether we were going in the right direction, and fearing that we - might get into the hands of the Johnnies, I stopped, took him from - the horse and carried him a little distance from the road into the - woods. If I remember rightly, I made some coffee for him there waiting - perhaps two hours, before we could get a stretcher for him. While we - were there General Robinson was carried by. He had been wounded and - he was saying things. In the meantime they had established a division - hospital in the rear, and I then hailed some stretchers bearers, who - took the Lieutenant Colonel there and I returned to my place in the - Regiment. He came back to the Regiment very soon and was in our next - fight." - -As the day advanced the other corps came into their respective -positions, the Second being massed at Todd's Tavern, protecting the -rear of the army and the Ninth was at the extreme Union left, and there -was more or less fighting along the whole line at some time in the day. -A melancholy train was that made up of ambulances and baggage wagons -which on the 8th set out for Fredericksburg, bearing 12,000 wounded -men, thence via Belle Plain Landing and the Potomac to be distributed -to the great hospitals of Washington and points further North. -Sheridan and his troopers also received orders to set out upon their -famous raid which would flank Lee's army, reach the outer defenses of -Richmond, slay J. E. B. Stuart, the most remarkable cavalryman of the -Confederacy, and leave a gruesome token of its venturesome trip by a -trail of decaying horseflesh and freshly made graves for considerably -more than a hundred and fifty miles. The magnitude of this adventure, -which began Monday morning, May 9th, may be seen when we know that it -comprised 10,000 horsemen, riding in fours and well closed up, yet -constituting a column thirteen miles long requiring, according to a -rebel authority, four hours at a brisk pace to pass a given point; -what an eye opener such a force must have been to the Confederates at -home, who had little notion of the resources of the North. Rejoining -the Federal army at Chesterfield Station, on the 25th, its results -were summed up in having deprived Lee's forces of their "Eyes and -Ears" (cavalry) since all of the mounted rebels started in pursuit, as -soon as the move was understood; it had damaged Lee's communications, -liberated nearly four hundred Union prisoners, destroyed an immense -quantity of supplies, killed the leader of his cavalry, saved the Union -Government the subsistence of ten thousand horses and men for more than -two weeks, perfected the morale of the cavalry corps and produced a -moral effect of incalculable good to the Union cause. - -Returning to the incident of the artillery referred to by Colonel -Peirson in his paper, it is interesting to find the same affair -recounted by one of the leading Confederates, General Fitzhugh Lee, in -one of his war sketches. After alluding to the ubiquity of the cavalry -and the work it had done in preparing the way for the arrival of R. H. -Anderson's (Longstreet's) Corps, he says:-- - -[Sidenote: MAY 8, '64] - - "Major James Breathed, commanding my horse artillery, remained - behind and by my order placed a single gun in position on a little - knoll. We knew the enemy's infantry was marching in column through - a piece of woods, and the object was to fire upon the head of the - column, as it debouched, to give the idea that a further advance - would again be contested, and to compel them to develop a line of - battle with skirmishers thrown out, etc. The delay which it was - hoped to occasion by such demonstration was desirable. Under Major - Breathed's personal superintendence shells were thrown, and burst - exactly in the head of the column as it debouched. The desired - effect was obtained; the leading troops were scattered, and it was - only with some difficulty a line of battle with skirmishers in its - front was formed to continue the advance. I was sitting on my horse - near Breathed, and directed him to withdraw his gun, but he was so - much elated with his success that he begged to be allowed to give - the enemy some more rounds. He fired until their line got so close - that you could hear them calling out: 'Surrender that gun, you rebel - scoundrel.' Breathed's own horse had just been shot. The cannoneers - jumped on their horses, expecting of course the gun to be captured, - and retreated rapidly down the hill. Breathed was left alone. He - limbered up the gun and jumped on the lead horse. It was shot from - under him. Quick as lightning he drew his knife, cut the leaders out - of the harness and sprang upon a swing or middle horse. It was also - shot under him just as he was turning to get into the road. He then - severed the harness of the swing horses, jumped upon one of the wheel - horses, and again made a desperate attempt to save his gun. The ground - was open between the piece and woods; the enemy had a full view of - the exploit; and Breathed at last dashed off unharmed, miraculously - escaping through a shower of bullets." - -In confirmation of the foregoing, is the statement of Sergt. Wm. A. -Mentzer, Company A, as follows: "After advancing about two and one-half -miles we came to a piece of artillery on a knoll. While the Rebs fired -at us, to our pleasure as well as surprise, they fired over our heads. -We drove them from their position about half-a-mile, when they opened -on us again. We in the front rank gave them a Yankee yell and charged -for the gun. We shot one horse and drove away all the men but one, who -dismounted, cut the traces of the dead horse, remounted in a hurry and -got away with the gun just as we thought it was ours." - -Battle scenes and incidents, we think, are indelibly impressed upon the -memory. Sometimes they are; more often many of the prominent features -disappear entirely, so that when the locality is revisited, difficulty -is found in reconciling the past impressions with those of the present. -Thus many of the Thirty-ninth who made that exhausting charge under -fire, in the morning of the 8th of May, would find themselves at fault -at many points, and would wonder at the changes in the face of nature, -had they the opportunity to go over the route followed under such -adverse circumstances. Channing Whittaker of "B," however, is sure he -could recognize the spot where the Regiment reformed and momentarily -rested; the place where Colonel Peirson and General Robinson were -wounded; the road cut through the hill which Grant's army did not -pass over on May 8th or 9th, the hillside on which he was wounded and -where he spent the night after the fight; the point whence he saw -three mounted Confederate Generals and where he saw Sergt. Major Conn, -hacking away with his short Sergeant Major sword at a multitude of -Confederates who had set upon him and finally carried him away captive -and, above all, just where Breathed's rebel battery was dislodged. - -[Sidenote: MAY 8, '64] - -Of the exactions of this day, M. H. Mentzer, "A," says, "Many were -exhausted but an officer begged us to cross over one field more. We had -been advancing and under fire from early morning, but we started again, -a very thin blue line, through a valley, up a rise, when a terrible -hail of bullets met us; we lay down and hugged the dirt; a lull, and -then distinctly from the enemy came the order, "Now rally ---- North -Carolina and give them H--ll!" Over they came, taking many prisoners -from our little line. I started to run as others did but tripped and -fell headlong down the hill lying still until they had pushed our -boys well back, when I crawled a short distance to cover, several -shells bursting in my path as I got away. Out of the way, covered with -sweat, dirt and ashes, for the cinders of the Wilderness were yet on -us, I fell asleep, and remained here till about four o'clock in the -afternoon. I fell in with a Natick boy, Company I, who had a bullet -hole in his wrist; I washed out the wound, tore a piece from my shirt -and bandaged it as well as I could, washed his face and hands, made -some coffee to cheer him up and then took him to a hospital on the -field. Then I set out to find my Brigade and Regiment and found them -at twilight; my brother, Sergt. Mentzer, had reported me as dead with -a bullet-hole through my forehead; those who saw me trip and plunge -forward must have mixed me up with someone that looked like me. It was -in the work of this forenoon that General Robinson was wounded and -Jeff. Cottrell, of "A," Color Sergeant, was wounded and was carried -part way off the field by Charles Goodwin, only to die at last in a -rebel prison. My brother, Sergt. W. A. Mentzer, then took the colors -and carried them until Major Tremlett reorganized the color-guard." - -J. H. Burnham also of "A," recalls, "The march down the Brock Road with -the Fifth Corps from the Wilderness, the night of the 7th of May, and -our running into Longstreet's corps, then under General Anderson. The -rebels were behind, hastily erected breast works and were ready for us. -We advanced across an open field and suffered much from the rifle fire. -When near the works, I was hit in the abdomen. Throwing down my gun, -I made my way back across the field, over the dead and dying, and lay -down under a tree in front of a house. As this was early in the morning -of the 8th, I don't think there were many other wounded men there then, -but later others came. Sometime in the forenoon, a lady came out of the -house and asked me if I was badly hurt. She also said that she was from -New Jersey. It seems as though she said the place was the Laurel Hill -farm, though I understand it is known in history as the Alsop farm. -The next day came the ambulances, tents and other outfit of the Fifth -Corps. I should like to go there some day and have a look at the place -where I expected to give up my life. I carried the ball in my body for -months and have it now. I never rejoined the Regiment." - -We owe much to Colonel Peirson's recollections of the service of the -Regiment, but in this affair at Alsop's he fails to recount a story -remembered by McDonald of "B," who says that in the company was a tall -Scotchman, Hunter by name, much inclined to stoop and, for this reason -was frequently enjoined by the critical Lieut. Colonel to take "the -position of a soldier." In the advance of this trying Sunday, Robert -was stooping as usual when a bullet went through his cap. When the ball -was over and the opportunity came, Hunter sought the officer and, -holding up his headgear, remarked, "Now, look at that; if I had ta'en -the position of a so'ger, be G-d, that ball wud a gone thru' my heed." -R. W. Hall of "F" recites an interesting experience of this 8th of May, -"I had penetrated the abatis in front of the Rebs and was unable to -extricate myself in time, when our boys fell back, and with about one -hundred and fifty others was taken prisoner, but I never saw the inside -of a rebel prison, as Sheridan in his great raid overtook us toward -evening of the following day at Beaver Dam Station on the Virginia -Central Railroad, where we were waiting. How plainly I can see General -Custer and another cavalryman in the lead, when they dashed down the -road as we were about to take the train for Richmond. Of course we had -to keep up with the cavalry during the raid and to dodge the Rebs who, -in small squads, contested the way. Their General Stuart was killed or -mortally wounded, May 11th, at the Yellow Tavern, in a very hot fight. -After several days' rapid marching, we came out at Malvern Hill, on the -James. The gunboats took us for Rebs and gave us several shots. City -Point, on the other side of the river, was not so very far away and -thence we ex-prisoners took a transport for Alexandria, where we were -re-equipped and sent to the front as guard for a supply-train of the -Ninth Corps. When Nelson and I reported for duty the surprise we gave -our comrades may be imagined." - -[Sidenote: MAY 8, '64] - -The 8th was a bloody day for the Thirty-ninth, the summary of losses -revealing ninety-three killed, wounded and missing. Lieutenant -Dusseault was wounded in the breast but an army button diverted the -bullet. As he wrote in his diary, "I was within thirty feet of the -enemy's works, and when I was hit, I was sure I was killed, as the -force of the blow caused me to spin round and round like a top, and -I fell to the ground. Finding I was not seriously hurt, I jumped up -and joined in the retreat. When we got back, we found Captain W. C. -Kinsley of Company K in tears; 'Look at my company!' he cried, 'Only -seven men left out of eighty-seven!' But he was assured that the woods -were full of our men and that his would be in shortly. It proved to be -so. We were not called on for the rest of the day, and that night we -obtained some sleep." - -During the closing hours of the 8th, there was digging for the Fifth -Corps and the early hours of the 9th found the hard worked soldiers -still using the shovel; the night and the following day showing no less -than three distinct efforts in this direction for the Thirty-ninth, -a record in which the stories of the Sixteenth Maine and Thirteenth -Massachusetts accord. Of the day itself and the new positions of the -several corps, Colonel Peirson remarks, "The 9th was another hot and -dusty day, and the Fifth and Sixth Corps occupied it in pressing the -enemy and developing his position, seeking points of assault. The enemy -were still passing down during the morning the Parker's Store Road, in -dangerous proximity to our right and rear, and Hancock's Second Corps -was at 10 a. m. moved into position on Warren's right, making lines of -battle along the crest commanding the valley of the Po, the artillery -shelling the rebel trains which were in sight, causing them to take a -more sheltered road." The new position of the opposing forces might -be stated, briefly: from the northwest to the southeast, a distance -of two miles, were Hancock and his Second Corps at the right, next to -Warren and the Fifth; then Sedgwick with the Sixth; and at the extreme -Union left, Burnside and the Ninth Corps. At the rebel right was Hill's -Corps, now under Early; the extreme left was held by Longstreet's men, -under Anderson; and the intermediate distance, including the famous -Salient, was occupied by Ewell's Corps. - -The event of the 9th which emphasized it in the annals of the campaign -was the death of Sedgwick, Commander of the Sixth Corps. Since the -fall of Reynolds at Gettysburg, no similar misfortune had befallen -the army of equal importance; universally respected, all but idolized -by his own men, his very presence at any time was worth whole brigades -to the cause he loved. "While standing behind an outer line of works, -personally superintending and directing, as was his custom, the posting -of a battery of artillery at an angle which he regarded of great -importance, he was shot through the head by a rebel sharpshooter, and -died instantly. Never had such a gloom rested upon the whole army -on account of the death of one man as came over it when the heavy -tidings passed along the lines that General Sedgwick was killed." He -was Connecticut born, West Point, 1837, having as classmates, Hooker, -E. D. Townsend, and Wm. H. French, late Commander of the Third Corps, -all of the Union Army; while his rebel fellows included Braxton Bragg, -Pemberton of Vicksburg fame, and one might wonder whether Jubal Early, -over at the rebel right, had a twinge of sadness over the summary -taking off of the man who, in earlier times, had stood by his side -on the West Point parade ground. Born in 1813, Sedgwick was not yet -fifty-one years old when sought by the enemy's bullet. - -[Sidenote: MAY 9, '64] - -Some of the besetments of army life and duty at this time are well -set forth in the story that Lieutenant Dusseault, of Company H, tells -of his efforts to replenish the supply of ammunition for the brigade: -"That same night--and it was a dark one too--I was detailed to go back -to the ordnance train for ammunition. I had sixty men from the five -different regiments of our Brigade to help me. I was ordered to bring -25,000 rounds (twenty-five boxes). We had secured the requisite amount -and were returning to the brigade in the thick darkness. As it took two -men to carry a box, which was supported on a blanket between them, it -was impossible to keep the men together, and as I did not know them, -many of them dropped their burdens and ran away. When we got back to -our camping place, we found that the brigade had moved on a mile and -a half further. When I came to my superior officer, I had but seven -boxes to deliver to him. Rousing from his sleep, he ordered me to go -back immediately and secure the rest, and then turned over and went to -sleep again. It had to be done and at about two or three o'clock in the -morning I reported the second time, not with the lost boxes, but with -enough others that had been obtained in a way which I will not stop to -explain." - -May 10th adds another day to the long battle list of 1864; while a part -of the Spottsylvania encounter, it bears to those who had a part, the -sub-title of "Laurel Hill," the location being in the same vicinity -as that of Sunday's fight at Alsop's Farm, possibly somewhat further -towards the south. While there was fighting along the entire line, of -that portion of the same in which we are directly interested, Swinton, -in his history of the Army of the Potomac, says:-- - - "The point against which the attack was designed to be made was a - hill held by the enemy in front of Warren's line. This was perhaps - the most formidable point along the enemy's whole front. Its densely - wooded crest was crowned by earthworks, while the approach, which was - swept by artillery and musketry fire, was rendered more difficult - and hazardous by a heavy growth of low cedars, mostly dead, the - long bayonet-like branches of which, interlaced and pointing in all - directions, presented an almost impassable barrier to the advance of a - line of battle. The attack of this position had already been essayed - during the day by troops of the Second and Fifth Corps, and with most - unpromising results. When Hancock's divisions joined the Fifth, an - assault was made by the troops of both corps at five o'clock; but it - met a bloody repulse. The men struggled bravely against an impossible - task, and even entered the enemy's breastworks at one or two points; - but they soon wavered and fell back in confusion and great slaughter. - Notwithstanding the disastrous upshot of this assault, the experience - of which had taught the troops that the work assigned them was really - hopeless, a second assault was ordered, an hour after the failure of - the first. The repulse of this was even more complete than that of - the former effort. The loss in the two attacks was between five and - six thousand, while it is doubtful whether the enemy lost as many - hundreds. Among the killed was Brigadier General Rice[M] of the Fifth - Corps, distinguished for his intrepid bearing on many fields." - -This was the day, when at the left of the Fifth Corps a portion of the -Sixth was more successful, yet even its fruits were not held. General -Emory Upton of the First Division, Second Brigade, in a vigorous charge -carried the enemy's first line of intrenchments, capturing nine hundred -prisoners and several guns. This attack, however, was unsupported and -the advantage could not be maintained, so that at nightfall Upton -withdrew and the captured guns were left behind. General Meade ascribed -the failure of the movement to the lack of expected support from Mott's -Division of the Second Corps on his left. The reports of Generals -Meade and Warren add nothing to the foregoing while Lieutenant Colonel -Peirson particularizes as follows:-- - -[Sidenote: MAY 10, '64] - - "The ground in front of the Laurel Hill position was swept by the - enemy's artillery, and our men suffered severely from it. In our own - Regiment, we lost several men, killed by the falling limbs of the huge - pine trees cut off by the enemy's artillery fire. One of our men was - pinned to the ground by one of these limbs, so near to the enemy's - line, that, when we retreated, as we did upon receiving a terrific - musketry fire at point blank range, he was the only one who saw that - after the volley the enemy ran as fast as we did, but in the opposite - direction. They soon returned, however, and captured the observer. - At some points our troops even entered the breastworks, but the men - though brave were easily discouraged, and the long continued strain - and fatigue told upon their spirit; and while they would defend their - position to the last, or retire in the face of heavy odds with the - utmost coolness, the fact remains that the men of the Second and Fifth - Corps were not as ambitious on the 10th, as they had been on the 6th - and 8th of May." - -While the Ninth Corps, General Burnside, did no severe fighting on the -10th, the day nevertheless was significant in Bay State records through -the death of General Thomas G. Stevenson, commanding the First Division -of that Corps. Born in Boston, February 3, 1836, he early displayed -a bent for military matters and at the outbreak of the Rebellion -commanded a battalion of militia in Boston harbor. At the head of the -Twenty-fourth Massachusetts Infantry, he accompanied the Burnside -Expedition to North Carolina, winning laurels everywhere. On the return -of Burnside from the Southwest, Stevenson who already had won his star, -was made commander as above and like Rice and Sedgwick is supposed to -have been the victim of a sharpshooter. - -While Colonel Peirson has given us a deal of information concerning -the beginning of the Battle Summer, he says nothing of the fact that -he had, himself, a narrow escape from death. Colonel Theodore Lyman, -in his diary, writes of a visit made by himself and General Peirson to -these scenes, and has this to offer on his observations:-- - - "A few hundred yards to the right of where this attack was made, we - visited the patch of pine woods, where, on the 10th, Peirson's brigade - again advanced to the attack. The brigade advanced to within about one - hundred yards of the works, and then began firing in the thick woods, - being exposed to a tremendous artillery enfilade, whose marks still - remained in the fallen timber. Peirson said he ordered his men to - cease firing, finding few balls coming the other way, but got an order - from the brigade commander to open again. Then Peirson was knocked - senseless by a shell." - -Concerning the injury to Colonel Peirson, Lieut. Dusseault of "H" has -this version:-- - - "On the 10th of May at Laurel Hill, our men were lying flat upon the - ground, under the enfilading fire of artillery from the left and the - direct fire of musketry from the front. As an officer of Company H, - I had been trying to get up into the line a private of that company - who was lying forty or fifty yards behind it. I had tired of exposing - myself in the endeavor and had left him and taken my place in the - line. At about that time, Lieutenant Colonel Peirson, who was walking - back and forth, erect, as was his custom, saw him and went back to get - him up into his place. I went back to help him. We had succeeded in - getting him up to within eight or ten feet of the line. The Lieutenant - Colonel who was within two feet of me, had his sword in his hand, - both arms extended, and was leaning forward a little, when a piece - of a shell came between his arms and his body, ripped out the breast - of his coat, smashed his field glasses in their case, and jammed the - hilt of his sword. He doubled up, fell forward on his head, and then - over sideways. Colonel Davis, who was standing eight or ten feet in - our rear, asked, 'Lieutenant, is he dead?' and I answered, 'Yes.' I - called two men of my company and told them to take him to the rear. - They turned him over upon his back, one taking hold of him near the - head, and the other by the feet. When they commenced to raise him, his - eyes began to blink and he answered the question which had been asked - three or four minutes earlier by Colonel Davis, saying, 'No. I guess - it isn't much.' He was sent back to the hospital and was very sick - there, but he rejoined the Regiment on the 9th of June. Lieutenant - Colonel Peirson was strictly a temperance man, but he carried a flask - of brandy for emergencies, and he had requested some of the officers - to give some to him if he should be hurt. It happened that the shell - cut off the lower half of the flask and it fell in front of Private - Richardson of Company A. A few drops remained in the flask which - Richardson immediately drained, saying, 'They are throwing good brandy - at us.'" - -[Sidenote: MAY 10, '64] - -Of this same event, one of the men of "A" writes, "One piece of shell -wounded Colonel Peirson, ripping off a row of buttons from his coat. -I picked them up and divided them with the boys. I have one left now. -Salem Richardson got the bottom of the Colonel's brandy flask, which -was shot away by the same bit of shell, and I wish you could have seen -him empty it." The same incident is called up by S. H. Mitchell, also -of Company A, whose members evidently were keeping their commander -under observation. The flask was carried against an emergency, when -it might be of great utility. It offered no resistance whatever to the -Confederate missile but Comrade Richardson always averred that the -coming of the drink was most opportune. From the story of the Sixteenth -Maine, it is learned that this day the brigade was temporarily assigned -to the First Division, General Cutler commanding. The Second brigade -was placed in the Third Division, under Crawford, and the Third was -made independent to report directly to General Warren, these changes -being induced, supposedly, on account of the heavy losses and the -wounding of the commanding officer, General Robinson. - -Possibly the doings of the 11th can be described no better than by -copying the record as made at the time by John S. Beck, "Rested all day -to-day, if you can call it rest, for we were in a mudhole, out of the -range of Rebel shells. Our brigade looks small; drew rations; raining -hard, everything wet through, no blankets or shelter tents. I should -have been sick were it not for the excitement of battle. Our position -here looks dubious, as we have to fight the enemy behind concealed -breastworks and in dense woods. To-night we lay down on the wet ground -with an old, wet, woolen blanket which I picked up." Considering that -this rain was the first since crossing the Rapidan, it really was a -comfort even if it did make some, for the time, unpleasantly wet. The -11th is noteworthy from another fact, viz., that it is on this day -that Grant telegraphs to Washington the prominent features of the -campaign thus far, that reinforcements would be encouraging, and that -he purposes "to fight it out on this line, if it takes all summer." - -Thursday, the 12th of May, is the day of the dread "Salient" or the -"Bloody Angle" of Spottsylvania. Had our Regiment been with Barlow's -men of the Second Corps, or with the Vermont Brigade of the Sixth, the -mortality record of the Thirty-ninth might have been far different, -though all participants in any portion of this bloody field have ever -thought their losses severe enough. The vision of that First Division -of the Second Corps, in the morning mists emerging from the woods at -the Union left centre, and with determined rush, "a narrow front, but -extending back as far as the eye could see," seeking the Confederate -works, is one that memory needs no assistance in recalling. Through -wonderful good fortune for us, the artillery of the enemy had been -withdrawn and the guns which might have cut wide swaths through that -disordered mass of blue, were hastening back, arriving just in time to -be captured, the assault resulting in the capture of General Edward -Johnson's Division of Ewell's Corps, including the commander, with -twenty pieces of artillery and thirty stands of colors. But this did -not end the day. So furious was the foe over the loss of men, munitions -and position, that the struggle for reinstatement became possibly the -fiercest and most deadly of the entire war. Once at least, the bayonet -became a weapon of real contact. Here it was that the large oak tree -was actually cut down by bullets from both sides. The ground, at the -margin of the works, was covered with piles of the dead, and for twenty -hours the battle raged, until the wearied rebels withdrew, unable to -retake the lines lost in the morning. - -In this rapid survey, no mention is made of the Sixth and Ninth Corps, -but each one accomplished the task assigned, nor was the Fifth by any -means idle. Inferring from the forces pressing upon Hancock in his -endeavor to hold advantage of the early morning, that the enemy must -be withdrawing his right and left to assist his centre, both Burnside -and Warren were ordered forward. Warren obeying, advanced at something -after nine o'clock, but was repulsed, "for Longstreet's corps was -holding its intrenchments in force." Of this in his report, Warren says: - -[Sidenote: MAY 12, '64] - - "The enemy's direct and flank fire was too destructive. Lost very - heavily. The enemy continuing to fire on the Second and Sixth Corps, I - was compelled to withdraw Griffin's and Cutler's divisions (First and - Fourth) and send them to the support where they again became engaged. - My whole front was held by Crawford's Division (Third) and Kitching's - and the Maryland Brigades, presenting a line of battle not as strong - as a single line. The enemy made no serious attempt to force it. - My divisions on the left were relieved during the night from their - position, and returned to the right in the morning, having been kept - awake nearly all the night, which was rainy." - -A graphic picture of the work of the Brigade is painted by Adjutant -Small of the Sixteenth Maine in his history of the Regiment, and a -portion of it is reproduced here: - - "The men, thoroughly exhausted, would lie at length on the cool, - fresh earth, some of the timid ones hugging the bottom of the trench, - painfully expressing the dread of something to come. And yet these - timid ones, at the first rebel yell, would over and 'at them,' or - draw bead on some venturesome Johnnie, and shout with derision if he - was made to dodge. If they dropped him, a grim look of satisfaction, - shaded with pity, passed over their dirty faces. The quiet was almost - unbearable, the heat in the trenches intolerable, and rain, which - commenced falling, was most welcome. Time dragged. We had not the - slightest hint of what was developing. The rebels seemed very far - off and trouble ominously near. From the right came an aide, and, - quietly passing down the line of works, he dropped a word to this - and that colonel; only a ripple, and all was again suspiciously - still. 'What was it, Colonel?' asked the adjutant. The Colonel made - no reply but simply pointed up the hill. Soon he took out his watch - and looked anxiously to the right. Suddenly a commotion ran down the - line, followed by the command, 'Attention! Forward, double quick!' - On went the Brigade with a yell which was echoed by thousands of - throats in front and was thrown back by the double columns in our - rear. Down from the rebel right thundered shot and shell, making - great gaps in our ranks, while on swept the Brigade, until suddenly - loomed up in our front, three lines of works--literally a tier, one - above another,--bristling with rifles ready aimed for our reception. - There was lead enough to still every heart that was present, and yet, - when sheets of flame shot out in our faces, scarcely a dozen of the - Regiment were hit. Then men tore wildly at the abatis, and rushed on - only to fall back or die. Again and again did the Brigade charge, - and as often came those terrible sheets of flame in our faces, while - solid shot and shell enfiladed our ranks. The crash which followed - the fearful blaze swept away men, as the coming wind would sweep away - the leaves from the laurel overhead.... Just as the last charge of - ammunition was rammed home, relief came, when the Brigade retired - to the works in the rear, to learn that it was not expected of the - Brigade to carry the works, only to hold a strong force of the - enemy, while Hancock carried the lines in his front, which were more - favorably situated for a successful attack." - -It was in the trying scenes of this exacting effort that Major Leavitt, -of the Sixteenth, so endeared by his manly character, received the -wound from which he died on the 30th instant in Washington. His was -a nature too broad and brave to be confined to the limits of his own -Regiment. "None knew him but to love him." - -How the day seemed to a Company C man appears in his diary entry for -the day: "Still damp, wet and rainy; the day opened with an advance of -the Second Corps under Hancock, who carried the enemy's front line of -breastworks and captured a division of the rebels and their General, -Johnson. We were soon on the move to support our First Division in -a general charge and were soon into it, hot and heavy. The enemy -soon had another enfilading fire of grape and canister on us, and we -could do nothing. Edward Ireland was killed by a solid shot and Henry -Ireland was wounded in the arm. Soon after being withdrawn to the -rear, we were sent to the left to support the Sixth Corps, and lay in -a line of rifle-pits about two hours, when again we advanced through -the woods and joined the Sixth Corps on the right, where we lay all -the afternoon. We heard our folks pouring shells into the enemy from -mortars. We turned in for the night, resting on our arms, wet through -to the skin." - -[Sidenote: MAY 13, '64] - -The night was uncomfortable enough and during its hours there was an -alarm that the enemy was advancing, while the truth was that Johnny Reb -was quite as tired as the Yankees. Even soldiers must rest sometime, -and early in the morning of the 13th the division was withdrawn to the -rear, and for a short time laid aside responsibility, but it was not -a long rest, since those rifle-pits must be filled with someone, and -all too soon "we were moved up to the right, into works along with the -One Hundred and Forty-sixth New York. Nothing here but water and mud. -Showery all day, though the men are in good spirits, notwithstanding. -About 8 p. m. when we were beginning to arrange to stretch out for the -night, orders came to move, and we fell in, following the rest of the -corps to the left. The mud was dreadful, the night dark, we forded -streams up to our knees, and the mud all the time was over shoes." -Grant had not yet found the spot through which he could force his way, -so the Fifth Corps once more essays the part of pioneers, and leads -the move towards the inevitable left, seeking in vain for some point -not bristling with rebel bayonets, or threatening with black throated -cannon. Truly our Lieutenant General is finding out, not only how -strenuous is the Eastern Union soldier, but his eyes are opening wide -as to the resourcefulness of the Eastern Confederate and his eternal -vigilance. - -It is another flank movement, and the men of Warren's Corps are moving -to Burnside's left with orders to assault with that Corps at four -o'clock in the morning of the 14th. Very likely the difficulties of -this night, with its more than Egyptian darkness, had not been reckoned -upon by the Commander and the appointed hour found the would-be -assailants a long way from the point of expected advance. The route -was past the Landrum House to the Ny River, which had to be waded, and -beyond the route did not follow any road, traversing the fields, and -a track was cut through the woods. Then came a fog, so dense that not -even the fires built to light the way could be seen. Men exhausted by -the difficulties of the move and previous exactions fell asleep all -along the way. The new locality was quite unknown and by daylight when -the expected attack was to take place, only Griffin with his First -Division, having only twelve hundred "fagged-out men" had arrived. It -was seven o'clock before General Cutler got thirteen hundred of his men -together. Naturally the four o'clock charge was not made. - -Wright and the Sixth Corps moved still further to the left, but had -to do some fighting to get just the position wanted. All observers, -whether of Regiment or Brigade, agree that the day was wet and -comparatively quiet, though the enemy's shells passed harmlessly over -the heads of the tired men, many of whom slept the sleep of utter -exhaustion, the waking ones thankful that the fuses in said shells were -long enough to keep up their hissing until a considerable distance -beyond us before bursting. In the mutations of fighting and moving -about, all the regular contents of knapsacks had disappeared, the most -of the men retaining, in addition to canteen and haversack, rubber -blankets only; besides, rations were scarce, yet men were content to -rest without food, so trying had been the ordeal of the preceding -ten days. After all, the average Yankee is ever anxious to know just -where he is, and several entries of the 14th are to the effect that -the Regiment is near the Fredericksburg turnpike, about eight miles -from the city itself and, from a mile and a half to two miles from -Spottsylvania Court House. With only the canopy of the sky as a -covering, a large part of the Thirty-ninth slept through the night of -the 14th-15th. - -[Sidenote: MAY 15, '64] - -The 15th is Sunday, and just a week away from the sad experience of -Alsop's farm. These men of the First Brigade are fast becoming hardened -veterans, and they have the privilege of greeting as such the comrades -who had been home on re-enlistment furloughs and who, this day, got -back again. There are many comparisons between the spic-and-span attire -of the just-returned, and the "of-the-earth, earthy" apparel of men -who, for ten long days and nights have fought and marched, at intervals -hugging muddy mother-earth, till all semblance of cleanliness has -disappeared, and dress parades have faded out of the recollections of -all concerned. Then too the ravages of the hotly contested field have -torn great gaps in the erstwhile well-filled ranks so that only squads -of men constitute what have been long company lines. Some boys remark -on the quiet of Sunday and think it properly kept; three days' rations -are drawn, including fresh beef, and, with returning vitality and -spirits, learning that the Eleventh Massachusetts Battery, in the Ninth -Corps, is hard by, men of the Thirty-ninth make friendly visits to -their acquaintances therein. Colonel Davis comes back to the Regiment -to-day, looking much better than when he dropped out. Towards night, -six o'clock, the troops are formed in line with expectation of an -attack; four lines deep, our right rests on the top of a hill whence, -as far as the eye can reach, armed men are seen awaiting the attack -which is not made. It is a sight to remember! - -Monday, the 16th, is also a quiet day for this campaign. Beginning -foggy and damp, with the rising sun the mists clear away and it is very -warm. On some sort of an alarm we are deployed, in line with the One -Hundred and Seventh Pennsylvania, Colonel McCoy, that has just got back -from its home trip on account of re-enlistment. On being recalled to -our former station, we are set to work entrenching, introducing heavy -timbers into our lines of works, three deep. About 9 p. m., we have to -stop work, because the tools are needed elsewhere. Though there are -showers in the evening, the moon finally shines through and, under her -benign light, the Regiment sleeps. Nor does the record of the 17th -differ essentially from that of yesterday. Foggy in the morning, then -clearing and warm; picket or skirmish line duty for some and, about -4 p. m., our lines are moved to the right, nearer those of the Ninth -Corps where there is more digging to render safe our position in case -of attack. It is about this time that General Grant finds the army -encumbered with an excess of artillery and, accordingly, sends back to -Washington over a hundred guns; how the Johnnies would like to have -some of these same weapons! All of them will come back again before the -Petersburg siege is over. - -Those who remember clearly the events of the 18th will agree that the -most important one was the arrival, at 5 p. m., of the first mail -since leaving camp at Mitchell's Station. What joy its contents gave -those loyal hearts! Yet there were missives, in that coming of the -postman, for faithful lovers whose eyes, many hours before, had closed -in dreamless sleep, and in this life could never know how fondly they -were remembered. The enemy, as if to make amends for continued quiet, -began to shell the Ninth Corps just after our early breakfast, which we -had soon after four o'clock. For some reason, General Warren wanted our -Brigade nearer him, so at seven o'clock we were moved over towards the -left and, under a shelling fire, lay till well along in the afternoon. -Though there were six regiments in the Brigade it numbered, all told, -less than a thousand men. About two o'clock, we returned to the right -and, at eleven o'clock, reoccupied the works on which we had labored -the night before. General Warren in his report for this day states -that General Richard Coulter, commanding our Brigade, is severely -wounded. This, too, is the day of the arrival at the Front of the First -Massachusetts Heavy Artillery from its long service in the defenses -of Washington. It is assigned to the Second Brigade, Third Division, -Second Corps, though at present it is with the Second Brigade of -General Robert O. Tyler's Artillery Division. - -For the greater part of the Potomac Army, the 19th is a quiet day, -though the men in their breastworks notice some sort of change on their -left. Of the day, General Warren says, "All our forces took up position -on my left. This brought out General Ewell's Corps, who attempted -to turn our right. He was repulsed, etc.... Rained in afternoon." -Regimental note-takers remark on the drawing of rations, including -fresh beef, and the fierce attack on their right, well along in the -afternoon and of the fact that their friends in the First Massachusetts -Heavy Artillery had a severe experience. - -[Sidenote: MAY 18, '64] - -The hot reception accorded the First Heavies is worthy of more than -passing mention. Recruited to the maximum of such organizations, the -Regiment was a wonder to the men who had been long in the field, for -it numbered about 1800 men, as large as two brigades of those who had -been in the thickest of the fray. The Confederates of Ewell's command, -desirous of ascertaining whether the Union forces were moving and, -incidentally, to capture if possible a tempting wagon train, in the -afternoon of the 19th, undertook to steal around the Union right, -bearing down thus about 5 p. m. along the Fredericksburg Pike on the -line of Federal supplies. Whatever the expectations of the enemy, -the point of attack was by no means unguarded, and in history, the -engagement is known as that of the Heavies, since not only were our -First men there, but the First Heavy of Maine was in line, and the -Second, Seventh and Eighth of New York as well. Swinton says that -the artillerists had not been in battle before, but under fire they -displayed an audacity surpassing even that of the experienced troops. -"In these murderous wood-fights, the veterans had learned to employ -all of the Indian devices that afford shelter to the person; but these -green battalions, unused to this kind of shelter-craft, pushed boldly -on, firing furiously. Their loss was heavy, but the honor of the -enemy's repulse belongs to them." Excellent evidence of the sturdiness -and steadiness of the men, with crossed cannon on their caps, is found -in the words of an old Confederate, spoken in 1901 at the dedication of -the regimental monument on the scene of the fight, known in the annals -of the First as Harris Farm: - - "I saw your men march on this field, not deployed, but like soldiers - on parade, take aim and fire a volley straight from the shoulder. - You seemed to me the biggest men I had ever seen. You were so near - that I noticed that all wore clean shirts. There was the most perfect - discipline and indifference to danger I ever saw. It was the talk of - our men." - -In Fox's book of Regimental Losses, he puts the killed and mortally -wounded of our friends, in this engagement, as one hundred and twenty -men. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[M] James Clay Rice was born in Worthington, Mass., December 27, -1829, and was graduated from Yale in 1854; after a period spent in -teaching in Natchez, Miss., he came to New York, studied law, began -its practice in 1856, and thus the war found him. He enlisted as a -private in the Thirty-ninth (Garabaldi Guards) New York Infantry, was -soon commissioned First Lieutenant, and Adjutant, and as a Captain, -was present at Bull Run. On the organization of the Forty-fourth New -York, or the Ellsworth Avengers, he was made Lieutenant Colonel, later -Colonel, and saw all of the active service of that regiment, winning -distinction at Gettysburg. At the time of his death he was in command -of the Second Brigade, Fourth (Wadsworth's) Division of the Fifth -Corps. Like Sedgwick, he was shot by a sharpshooter. His last words -were, "Turn me over towards the enemy; let me die with my face to the -foe." - - - - -NORTH ANNA RIVER - - -All agree that the 20th was a quiet day, though signalized by the -arrival of a mail with so many letters and papers that for a while the -general appearance was one of an out-of-door reading expanse, rather -than a vast army under fire from a vigilant foe, though the latter also -appeared to be quite good natured, and the bands of both armies made -the air resound with music. Even the evening following the torrid heat -of the day is described as moonlit and beautiful. General Meade says -of the 21st, 22nd and 23rd, that they were employed in moving the army -from Spottsylvania Court House to the North Anna River, and General -Warren states that his artillery began to move at 10 a. m. of the -21st, that the enemy did some artillery firing and that the men stood -to arms. His headquarters set out at noon. Local observers chronicle -some activity on the part of the foe with certain changes in regimental -positions and the actual starting at about noon, leaving pickets on -their stations to shift for themselves. They march through a part of -the country hitherto untouched by Union soldiers, and the people are -seemingly badly scared. The stop for the night is at Guinea Station, -covering a distance, someone says, of eleven miles. Though the men -turn out at three o'clock in the morning of Sunday, the 22nd, they do -not advance until almost noon, and then under a hot sun they marched -ten miles to a certain Bull's church (St. Margaret's) where are seen a -number of Confederate prisoners, and it is said that Lee passed through -in the morning. The worst feature of the march is the fact that it is -made on empty stomachs, for the rations have not come up. - -[Sidenote: MAY 22, '64] - -Of the country through which Grant and his soldiers are making -another flank movement, many remarks are made because of its improved -appearance over that of the region about Fredericksburg and northward, -where war had been raging for three years, and it had become a -veritable land of desolation. To the eyes of the soldiers it was -a delightful sight, and one writer in the Thirty-ninth pays it the -highest compliment possible by saying, "It looks like New England," -and the same chronicler says he can't bear to see the men foraging for -pigs, hens and everything edible, somewhat forced thereto, on account -of the wagons being so far behind, and the tender hearted fellow -continues, much to the credit of his bringing up, "Many of the people -are poor and they need all they have for their own keeping." In army -annals, the 23rd is known as the day of the North Anna River. In his -report, General Warren states: - - "General Cutler's division leading got off promptly at 5. a. m. - Reached forks, where one road goes to the ford and one to the bridge, - at 9. a. m. Cavalry skirmishing a little in advance. A deserter - says it is Rosser's cavalry; says there is artillery and infantry - on the other side. Turned back to give that road to Hancock and - got possession of a crossing at a mill at 1 p. m. By 3.10 p. m., - General Griffin's division had nearly all forded, and at 3.10 p. - m. bridge-train began to arrive. About 4.30, bridge (pontoon) was - completed and last of General Cutler's division crossed. About 6 a. m. - enemy assaulted us. My right gave way, and the artillery drove back - the enemy. We repulsed them everywhere." - -From internal sources, we learn that the Thirty-ninth was started out -before 5 a. m., and marched rapidly towards the North Anna. Getting -on the wrong road a halt was had for an hour, and certain portions of -the Second Corps passed by, including the Tenth Massachusetts Battery, -the old friends of Poolesville, and later we got the right road and -reached Jericho Ford, though it was pretty deep for men of ordinary -stature. However, the crossing had been effected by others and the -pontoon bridge laid so that we went over dry shod. An attack was made -upon us soon after reaching the south side, the fight continuing until -after dark. The enemy had expected to drive us back to the steep banks -of the river, and possibly into it, but they made the error of letting -over too many of us, and our artillery was quite too effectual for -them. The high banks of the North Anna, would have made matters very -bad for us had not the rebel calculations miscarried. While there was -some loss, one killed in Company H, and several wounded, the loss of -the Confederates was considerable. We lay very quietly on our arms -throughout the night, no lights being tolerated lest we might reveal -our location to the foe. - -While the Second Corps is doing considerable fighting on the Union -left and though the Thirty-ninth shifts its position, relatively the -24th is a quiet day. The enemy has fallen back a mile or so and he is -followed up, advantage being taken of the opportunity to tear up some -long stretches of the railroad and to bend the rails around trees, thus -rendering them quite useless for the future. The wagon train having -crossed the river, rations for four days are distributed and, as one -man states, "They are badly needed." Large numbers of the enemy keep -coming in, and they appear, for the most part, very glad to reach a -point where food is possible, even if the wagons are sometimes slow -in reaching us. As a variant on the unusual quiet of the day, a heavy -thunder storm imparts noise and moisture to the scene. It is on this -day that the Ninth Corps is formally incorporated with the Army of -the Potomac, General Burnside generously waiving any rights possessed -by the priority of his commission over that of General Meade. General -Warren speaks of spending all of the 25th in getting into position in -front of the enemy's line and driving in his (the enemy's) light troops -to his main force. "Found Hill's Corps intrenched between the North -Anna and the Little River. Lost about one hundred and fifty men and -officers during the day." During this day, some of the men had severe -experience on the skirmish line, fully nine hours of tedious duty, with -incessant firing along the line. A severe thunder shower marked this -day also, and it was a wet earth upon which the men undertook at last -to sleep. - -[Sidenote: MAY 25, '64] - -Again the flank movement had failed to discover an assailable point -in the confederate lines. They had been thoroughly reconnoitered and -"so great was the natural strength of the ground, so well were the -intrenchments traversed, so tenacious was the Southern infantry, that -it seemed impossible to produce any serious impression upon them. To -have attacked the army of Northern Virginia across intrenchment of the -kind found here, would have involved a useless slaughter." The Corps -Commander reports for the 26th, "Hard rain in morning at seven o'clock. -Remained in position all day. Rained in afternoon. At dark, began -to recross the North Anna River at Quarles' Mills. Roads heavy and -slippery with mud and approaches to stream bad. All not over till near -daylight." The day proves to be more than usually wet and disagreeable, -but in the forenoon many are surprised and pleased at the return of the -men, captured on the 8th at Alsop's farm, and retaken by Custer the -next day at Beaver Dam Station, who now rejoin the Regiment ready for -duty. - -Skirmishing continues all day and the pickets are active, yet there is -no set engagement, the head officers having decided on still another -movement towards the inevitable left. At nine o'clock in the evening, -we move out of our works, under orders to not speak above a whisper, so -that our departure may not be suspected and the end of the 26th of the -month beholds us approaching the recrossing of the North Anna. - -Early in the morning of the 27th, we recross the river and at 2.30 a. -m., some distance beyond the stream must halt and draw three days' -rations, which we are told must last us six. An hour later we are on -the march and struggle on through characteristic Virginia mud, so thick -and adhesive that many a footgear is left in its tenacious clutches. -There is very little halting for us, since we are trying to interpose -ourselves between Lee and Richmond, and we must move more rapidly -than the latter since he, being on the arc of an inner circle, has a -less distance to overcome than we. At eight o'clock comes a welcome -halt for breakfast, the pause being protracted for rest until nearly -noon, when we are up and off again, with very little cessation till -seven in the evening, having marched almost continuously twenty-two -hours and covering twenty-five miles. We had not had our clothes off -in twenty-four days; not a man thought of washing his face, much less -of taking a bath; nor is the strain over yet. In what condition men, -gently reared, found themselves may be imagined. Camp is pitched -near Mangohick Church. The 28th begins as early as four o'clock, and -following breakfast the march is resumed at six, and the Pamunkey -River is crossed at Newcastle. Halting some three miles beyond the -river, breastworks are built, the men proclaiming the digging easy, and -here we halt for the night, being about fifteen miles from Richmond, -the nearest point to the confederate capital as yet reached by the -Thirty-ninth. - -[Sidenote: MAY 31, '64] - -The record for the 29th is one of marching, waiting and digging. Though -ordered out at four o'clock in the morning with the further direction -to be ready to start at five, we wait till nearly noon, in the meantime -seeing the arrival of the Ninth Corps, after an all night's march. On -starting we find great masses of troops assembled in every direction, -our Regiment halting near the Fifth Corps' headquarters, where we -remain till near seven o'clock, when we proceed to the left, some -two and a half miles, where the Brigade throws up breastworks; the -Thirty-ninth going on picket later, the night proving a quiet one. It -would have been enjoyable if our haversacks had not been empty, the -injunction to make our last rations hold out six days not having been -found practicable. Though we find roses in full bloom considerably -earlier than at home, this does not offset hungry stomachs. About 7 a. -m., we retire from the picket line and join the other troops of our -Corps, and after a short march of about one mile, we draw rations of -fresh beef, which help out somewhat, and later still came the rations -we so much needed. The wagons could not come up so one hundred men -were detailed to go back to the train and bring the food with them, -this being after a day given to efforts to repel attacks that did -not seriously affect our Regiment. Beck of "E" Company records that -this day the old Second Division got together again under the command -of Brigadier General Henry H. Lockwood, though the fact is stated -elsewhere as provisional. - - - - -COLD HARBOR - - -The sun of May 31st rose red and torrid and the day proved to be -terribly hot. Fortunately the exegencies of the campaign did not -require any considerable activity, and the men had the privilege of -"sweltering" in the breastworks or of "lolling" under their shelter -tents, just back of the trenches. General Warren records of the day -that the skirmishers were pushed forward about one mile, without -opposition, beyond Bethesda Church. While there is the sound of -cannonading on both the right and left, the last day of May, so far -as our Regiment is concerned, is the safest seen since crossing the -Rapidan. The day is the prelude to the opening of the Cold Harbor -fight, one which will cover June 1-12, and it closes with the Union -forces extending nearly North and South. White House on the Pamunkey -has become the new base of supplies and here the Eighteenth Corps, -under General W. F. Smith, landed on the 30th, and by forced marches -will be able to take position between the Fifth and Sixth Corps on the -1st of June. The section now harried by the opposing armies was the -scene of active warfare two years ago, for Fair Oaks began on the 31st -of May and to-morrow's Cold Harbor will begin to repeat the horrors of -the Seven Days' Fight. - -The efforts of Generals Grant and Meade to find an unguarded point -through which the Union Army might interpose itself between Richmond -and the Confederate Army have thus far proved unavailing. Whether -active at the head of his forces or weak and ailing, borne along his -line in a carriage, General Lee is still untiring in his watchfulness -and, loyally supported by such lieutenants as Ewell, Hill, Early, -Anderson and others, there is always a firm gray wall confronting the -determined line in blue. Attempts to force it had been unsuccessful -at the North Anna and Totopotomy and now, on McClellan's old battle -fields, another fierce assault is to be made on the enemy's works, -though the brunt of the charge will not come on the Fifth Corps this -day; rather will the story be told by those who fought in the ranks of -the Sixth and Eighteenth Corps, which had gained their places, some -portions thereof, late in the afternoon, and after desperate fighting -carried certain of the Confederate defences. Turning again to the words -of General Warren, we learn that there was a movement against the rebel -position which was intrenched with a large space of clear ground in -front, swept by artillery. The Corps suffers a loss of two hundred -killed and wounded and the line is extended four to five miles; the -Corps is attacked in several places, quite severely on the right just -before dark. - -Lieutenant Dusseault of Company H has the following account of the -night of the 31st of May and the 1st of June, showing very well what a -portion of the Thirty-ninth was doing:-- - -[Sidenote: MAY 31, '64] - -"On the skirmish line, last night, I became completely exhausted. We -were a mile and a half in advance of our main line; the sergeant with -me was of the One Hundred and Fourth New York; I left him in charge and -went to sleep. About midnight, when it was pitch dark, he roused me, -with the words, 'They are coming! They are coming!' It seems that the -enemy were marching in one, long, steady column towards our right. They -were so near that we could hear their voices, and their tramping shook -the earth where we lay. In the morning we found their earthworks empty, -and we so reported at headquarters. June 1st was pleasant but hot, -our skirmish line, a mile and a half from our main line, was in the -woods and close up to the enemy. At daybreak when we found their works -vacated, I reported to division officer of the picket, Major Pierce, -of the Thirteenth Massachusetts, who ordered me to advance my line. -But just as I was about to do so, we found the enemy were moving back -to our left. They passed within three hundred feet of our picket line, -thus putting us in a precarious position. Their flankers were within -two hundred feet of us, and we did not dare to move in the hour or more -that it took them to pass. There must have been five or six thousand -of them. They finally halted and slipped into their old works. Just -then, the New York Ninth Infantry, deployed as skirmishers advanced to -relieve us, making so much noise that they drew the enemy's fire and -several of the New York boys were killed. The rebels must have thought -the whole Yankee line was advancing, for they shelled the entire woods -severely. We lay as closely as possible, and when there was a lull -in the firing, we would fall back and thus gradually regained the -Regiment, and went to work at building breastworks. About 7 p. m., we -moved to our left, into an open field, where we threw up a new line -of works, making the eighteenth that we had started in this campaign. -There was a terrible battle in progress at our left, lasting till 9 p. -m., the Sixth and Eighteenth Corps losing heavily." - -Though no part of the experience of the Fifth Corps, it is quite in -place to state that the battle which was heard at the Union left -was that of the Sixth and Eighteenth Corps in the beginning of the -sanguinary contest which was to rage along the lines of blue and gray -for almost two weeks and which, in these, the opening hours, marked the -attempt of the above named bodies to dislodge the Confederate divisions -of Hoke, Kershaw, Pickett and Field, reading from rebel right to left, -resulting in partial success but at the cost of between two and three -thousand men on our side. During the night of the 1st Hancock and his -Second Corps were withdrawn from the Union right, and by dint of a -very trying march were found at the extreme Union left in the morning -of the 2d of June, yet not in time for the early charge which had been -ordered for that day. The several corps are now in order from left to -right, Second, Sixth, Eighteenth, Fifth and Ninth, with a considerable -gap between the Eighteenth and Fifth, covered by a picket line only. -Captain Porter of the Thirty-ninth, in a paper read in 1881 before the -Military Historical Society of Massachusetts, refers to this hiatus -as an "interval over a most desolate piece of country, woody, rocky, -and quite hilly." The great 3rd of June charge, that to which Grant -in his Memoirs refers, saying, "I have always regretted that the last -assault at Cold Harbor was ever made," this bloody scene, also, was at -the Union left, the brunt being borne by the Second Corps, and in less -degree only by the men of the Sixth and Eighteenth Corps. Of the Fifth -Corps, Porter says, "Warren, who occupied a front of nearly four miles, -was altogether too much extended to allow of his having any available -force to assault with, and he was content with carrying the enemy's -skirmish line on his front." The Ninth Corps attacked the foe with some -success, pushing its lines well to the right of the enemy's left. - -[Sidenote: JUNE 3, '64] - -At noon of the 3rd, owing to the opinion of the several corps -commanders that further assaults would prove futile, General Grant -issued an order to the effect that there should be a suspension of -assaults until further notice. Then followed many days of digging, -applied to parallels and approaches and the making of reconnoisances, -thus keeping the enemy in a state of apprehension, lest he should -detach a portion of his forces to assist in the effort to head off -General Hunter in the Shenandoah Valley. General Warren's account of -the period gives very little of interest save that on the 4th, owing -to the withdrawal of the enemy from the front of the Ninth Corps, the -latter was moved around the Fifth to the space between the Fifth and -the Eighteenth Corps. On the 5th Warren made a reconnoisance on Shady -Grove road, and in the night withdrew to the rear, and was on the road -all night. The 6th he devoted to "putting things in order"; the 7th, -he sent Griffin's and Cutler's divisions to picket the Chickahominy, -and held Ayers and Crawford to support Burnside; 8th, 9th and 10th, -remained in camp; 11th, with all his corps, except Griffin and Cutler, -to Moody's, south of railroad, preparatory to further movement; 12th, -Generals Grant and Meade reached his headquarters at 5.30 p. m. Corps -started at 6 p. m. Reached vicinity of Long Bridge before midnight. - -The notes made at the time by men of the Thirty-ninth consist largely -of statements of moving to the right or left and of coming back to -positions formerly occupied; of picketing and of sundry incidents, some -of which are appended, though, in the fighting for which the period -has such a bloody record, the Thirty-ninth bore a very small part, -yet it played its assigned role well, at no time failing to do with -alacrity whatever duty came in its way. While not actively engaged in -the assault of the 3rd, as stated above, the men were all on the alert -and anxiously expectant. On the 2nd General Lockwood, who had commanded -the reorganized Second Division a few days, was relieved and ordered -to Baltimore, there to await further orders. His methods were not to -the liking of General Warren. The general trend of the army was towards -the left, and in two installments the Corps marched on the 5th several -miles, fetching up at midnight at Cold Harbor, near the fighting points -of the 1st and 3rd days of the month, camping in the rear of the Second -Corps. Here follow three days of relative peace and quiet, in which -rations are drawn, cooked and consumed with relish and dispatch. "The -quietest time since the 3rd of May" is the record of one observer, and -another says, "It seems nice to be free from firing all the while, -though the bugles keep us in touch with camp life." Baggage wagons get -up on the 6th and officers, after picking out their valises are able -to enjoy a change of linen and, on this day, is promulgated the order -that our old brigade relations are changed and the whole organization -is transferred to the Second Brigade of the Third Division, the latter -being under the command of General S. W. Crawford while Colonel Lyle -remains at the head of the Brigade. The day also marks a slicking up -time, the camp being policed and the quartermaster deals out much -needed wearing apparel. Our camp is not far from the headquarters of -General Warren. Our change to the Third Division also changes the hue -of our corps badge, the maltese cross, from white to blue. - -On the 7th, B. H. Dow, the only man wounded at Mine Run, returns to -his "C" Company. That an unusual degree of quiet prevailed in these -days appears when, on the 9th, the wagons brought up a desk for the -adjutant, the bands begin to play again, drilling is resumed and the -Second Brigade has a dress parade, but the event of all which pleased -the Thirty-ninth most was the return of Lieutenant Colonel Peirson, who -had been absent after his wounding at Laurel Hill. One of the boys thus -entered the incident in his diary: "We cheered him heartily; a brave -man commands the respect of all; his patriotism cannot be questioned, -when he has the privilege of a furlough of thirty days, but instead of -taking it comes back to his Regiment." - -In Charles E. Davis's history of the Thirteenth Massachusetts Infantry, -we may read an excellent statement of the soldiers' feelings toward -General Grant:-- - - "No matter what happened, we moved forward. No backward steps were - taken--an experience to which the Army of the Potomac, hitherto, had - been unused. The consequence was that the "Old Man," as General Grant - was called, was always greeted with genuine enthusiasm, though he - didn't seem to care very much for it. In his old blouse and hat he - appeared like the rest of us,--ragged and dirty. Once when we passed - him, he sat on a platform car, gnawing away on an old ham bone. As - the boys cheered him, he gave the bone a flourish for a second, - and then went on gnawing it as though we were miles away. It was - wonderful how thoroughly this retiring, undemonstrative man had gained - the confidence of the army. In spite of the hard work we had been - having, the men were in good spirits, pleased that at last we were - accomplishing something." - -[Sidenote: JUNE 7, '64] - -The 7th marks the departure from the corps of the Eighty-third New -York, Ninth Militia of the Second Brigade, its terms of enlistment -having expired, and it is to offset the going home of regiments, -through reaching their end of service, that great numbers of recruits -are coming in constantly. In the case of the Eighty-third, so severe -has been its losses, it takes away only one hundred and fifty men. The -ninth day gives the men a new exhibition, that of a correspondent of -the Philadelphia Inquirer being escorted through the army by a Provost -Marshal's guard, bearing on his back, a board labelled, "Libeller of -the Press," on account of certain libellous letters he had written to -his paper. However sad the man may have been, through his punishment, -his plight affords the observers a deal of amusement. During these days -mails arrive and depart and, after the complete rest of a few days, -to the survivors of the May experience, life really seems to be worth -living. With the 11th is associated the memory of reveille at four -o'clock, breakfast at six, and then a march which takes us across the -York and Richmond Railroad at about 11 a. m. and a mile or so south -of it we halt for dinner. The march ends near Bottom's Bridge on the -Chickahominy River, camps being pitched on the very ground occupied by -McClellan's troops two years before. The 12th is Sunday and so long -has been the interval since religious services were held, some men are -glad of the chance to hear a Christian Commission man preach; and the -Thirty-ninth is inspected by Colonel Lyle, brigade commander. At 7 p. -m. the line of march is once more taken up and we proceed some miles -towards the east, halting at eleven o'clock for a rest and supper. - - - - -TOWARDS THE JAMES RIVER - - -The veteran soldiers who are participating in this southward movement, -though they may not know the details that are in the minds of Grant -and Meade, are well aware that the grand purpose announced in the -Wilderness is still being developed and, that the "summer-long line" is -that which they are following. The Lieutenant General, having found -the way too effectually blocked via Cold Harbor as early as the 5th of -June, when Warren's men were withdrawn and sent towards the left of the -Union line, had determined to change his base of operations and, after -crossing the James, to lay siege to Petersburg, and thus to capture the -Capital of the Confederacy. The pause of the Fifth Corps for several -days had given the men the necessary rest and recuperation for the -lead they were to take in the new flank movement and now, just before -midnight of the 12th of June, they are awaiting the completion of a -pontoon bridge over which they may pass to the south side and so hold -the way open for the other troops to follow. General Warren refers to -the locality as Long Bridge, but the map which accompanies Humphreys' -"Campaign of '64 and '65" has it as "Long's Bridge," but in either -case, whether called for its length or some family resident near, the -structure had disappeared through the ravages of war, and a temporary -bridge becomes a necessity. - -The Journal of the Fifth Corps Commander for this 13th of June has the -following entry:-- - - "Our cavalry drove back the enemy's to New Market Cross Roads. - Crawford's (Third) Division went to White Oak Swamp bridge to cover - passage of trains and Second Corps. At 8 a. m. began to withdraw, - bothered by McIntosh's (union) cavalry brigade, and only got as far as - St. Mary's Church, though traveling nearly all night. Enemy did not - follow." - -Lieut. John H. Dusseault says:-- - -[Sidenote: JUNE 13, '64] - - "On June 13, we resumed our march at 1 a. m., and crossed the - Chickahominy near Long Bridge, on pontoons, just before daylight. - There was some slight skirmishing. At 6 a. m., we marched for two - hours, covering about two miles only, and formed in line of battle. - We were now in White Oak Swamp, between the James River and the - Chickahominy, and the skirmishing was lively. We were marching on a - straight road and we could see a fort nearly a mile in front of us. - They opened upon us from the fort, and the first shell struck the - road before it reached our column. The men opened to the right and - left, and the shell ricocheted down between them. We then left the - road and went into the fields and woods. If I remember correctly we - went to the left of the road. Our Brigade advanced some ways in the - direction of Richmond, which was perhaps seven or eight miles away, - the balance of the division remaining in the rear as a support. We did - some light skirmishing during the afternoon, and the enemy charged - some dismounted cavalry, who were located upon our right, and drove - them back some distance. Shortly after dark, somewhere between 8 and 9 - p. m., all of the officers of the brigade were ordered up to Colonel - Lyle's (the Brigade's) headquarters. The Colonel told us of the - position which we were in, stating that we were nearly surrounded, and - that an attempt would be made at about midnight to get out. He also - told us to tell our men of our position, also that no orders above a - whisper should be given, and, that if we heard so much as a tin dipper - jingling upon a man's haversack, to cut it off. We were told to get - what rest we could between then and midnight. At about midnight the - line fell in, seemingly without orders, faced to the left, and marched - through a field where some tall grain was growing, and the men, - knowing our position and being anxious to get out, kept increasing - their pace and rattling the grain, so that it was necessary to halt - them and to start them again from time to time until we had cleared - the grain field. The night was very dark and the darkness favored our - escape. We started again at Charles City Court House, not far from - the James. At this time the Second Corps was crossing the James. We - then found that while we were making this demonstration toward the - enemy and occupying their attention, Grant had been moving the chief - part of the army across the peninsular, toward the James River, and - Petersburg. In fact, when we arrived, the Ninth Corps had crossed - and the Second Corps was crossing the James. We crossed the James on - the 16th, on the transport General Howard and were landed upon the - Petersburg side at 9 a. m. I was told by another officer that it was - understood that it was necessary that some small portion of the army - should make this demonstration and occupy the attention of the enemy - while the chief part of it should be crossing to the Petersburg side - of the James and it was thought to be our turn to take the risk which - attended it. General Warren is said to have remarked that he never - expected to see us again." - -After dark, we were withdrawn and started on a march which involved -the taking of a wrong road and the consequent loss of valuable time, -passing St. Mary's Church and just before daybreak of the 14th halted -on the road to Charles City Court House. Starting again at six, by ten -o'clock we were near the place named for that unfortunate British King -who lost both crown and head, the place showing plainly the effect of -McClellan's presence two years before. Were it not for the Court House -itself, a one-storied edifice with a porch, and a blacksmith shop the -place would be scarcely more than a name, but some one remarks, "We -must be getting somewhere for I can hear the steamers whistle on the -James River." Had we been supplied with rations our pleasure at the -prospect and the rest would have been greater, but our haversacks were -quite empty. However, we could go to sleep, which we proceeded to do at -the early hour of eight o'clock. - -[Sidenote: JUNE 16, '64] - -The 15th was not eventful save as it brought the long expected -wagon train and rations galore. There was a complete filling of all -receptacles with the necessities of army life, and after stuffing -ourselves with hardtack and the other good things that those wagons -carried we were in a mood to enjoy ourselves, though we couldn't help -wishing that the mail would come, bringing news from the far-away -homes in the North. With a sort of forewarning that exactions would -be made upon our vigor and strength on the morrow, again we turned in -early. Sure enough we were turned out at two o'clock in the morning of -the 16th for a march of three miles to Wilcox's Wharf on the banks of -the James and the sight of the glorious river and the banks, in many -cases, crowned with the mansions of aristocratic Virginians. The entire -country, robed in the brightest of green, was one to make an indelible -impression on the memory. The Thirty-ninth crossed the river on the -transports, "General Howard," "George Weems" and possibly others, -and by 9 a. m. we were all on the southern side. Here we found the -Seventh Massachusetts, an Old Colony regiment, just taking boat for -home. A splendid fighting body of men, they had earned the long rest -that was coming to them. The pause, when over the river, afforded an -opportunity for a plunge into the waters of the classic James, a chance -that thousands of the men embraced, the very first one since crossing -the Rapidan, and many declared that in all their army experience they -had found no place equal to it, certainly none that they enjoyed more. - -Concerning this movement to the south of the James, a dispatch was sent -from army headquarters to Washington as follows:-- - - "Our forces withdrew from within fifty yards of the enemy's - entrenchments at Cold Harbor, made a flank movement of about - fifty-five miles march, crossing the Chickahominy and James Rivers, - the latter two thousand feet wide and eighty-four feet deep at the - point of crossing, and surprised the enemy's rear at Petersburg." - - - - -PETERSBURG - - -The long-continued battle of Petersburg had already begun before -we were in battle line. General Butler, on the other side of the -Appomattox, on this Thursday morning through General Terry, had -assaulted Port Walthall with the intention of interrupting the coming -of rebel re-inforcements on the Richmond & Petersburg Railroad and, the -night before, troops of the Eighteenth Corps, which had been with us -at Cold Harbor, had attacked south of the river, and had there been a -supporting force at hand, the second as well as the first line of works -might have been carried. As troops of the Second Corps came up they -were sent against the works and, during the night and the following -day, the 16th, the contest continued along the line composed of the -Eighteenth Corps on the right, the Second in the centre and the Ninth -on the left. All this while we of the Fifth Corps were sporting in the -waters of the James. Meanwhile other portions of the Fifth Corps had -gone forward, and at four o'clock in the afternoon the Thirty-ninth -with its neighbors started on the road to Petersburg. After covering -some ten miles of the way, we halted at 10.30 p. m. for food and rest, -the route having been over hills and through swamps, difficult at the -best, all the more so at night. - -It was early in the morning of the 17th when the march was resumed, -and at 9 a. m. we halted in the rear of breastworks, our entire route -having been enlivened by the sound of firing, more or less vigorous, -indicating a resumption of the days at Spottsylvania and Cold Harbor. -Moreover, Massachusetts men do not forget that it is the 17th of June, -and noise they had grown to think a regular accompaniment of that -illustrious date. We are at the Union left and massed in the rear -of the Ninth Corps, under Burnside, and the duty of our Corps is to -act as a support of the Ninth if needed. We are about two miles from -Petersburg and from many points the city is plainly seen. The cupola -of Dinwiddie County Court House will be a target for Union artillery -during many coming months. Lying in the breastworks through the day and -night, we were exposed to the missiles of the enemy; Lieut Wyman of -"H" and Captain Willard Kinsley of "K" as well as others were wounded. -Unless he could sleep in the direst confusion there was no closing of -the eyelids during this first night in front of Petersburg. In this -memorable siege, the 18th of June is a notable date, for then there -was concerted action along the entire line, though not in such uniform -time and order as General Meade desired. It was a bloody day in which -a vigorous effort was made to force the rebel lines before the arrival -of help from the Northward. This might have been done earlier in the -day, but, before the advance could be made, re-inforcements had arrived -to nearly, if not quite, equal the number of the Union soldiers, and -General Meade's orders were to hold what had been gained and to fortify -immediately. The casualties of the four days, 15th-18th, footed up -nearly two thousand killed and more than eight thousand wounded, the -charges of this 18th day ending assaults on intrenched positions. The -work of the Fifth Corps is thus described by a war correspondent: - -[Sidenote: JUNE 18, '64] - - "On the left of the Ninth was the Fifth Corps, in the following order - of divisions: from right to left--Crawford (3), Griffin (1), Cutler - (4), Ayers (2). At early morning the advance was made and the enemy's - withdrawal discovered. The Corps then prepared for a new advance, - meanwhile keeping up a fierce fire of infantry and artillery. At noon, - simultaneously with the attack of the Second Corps, a determined and - vigorous advance was made. The ground to be crossed was generally open - and cultivated, slightly rolling, and here and there artificially - prepared with abatis, as well as naturally defended by undergrowth. - The advance was against the south side of the Norfolk Railroad, and - was partially, but not fully successful. In the evening again, at - the time of Mott's attack in the centre (when the First Maine Heavy - Artillery was so badly cut up) Griffin's and Cutler's divisions once - more assaulted with great vigor. But here as before the labor was - lost. The enemy foiled all our desperate endeavors." - -The advance of the First Brigade, Third Division, is made at daybreak -and we find the enemy missing. We are passing over surface which was -fighting ground yesterday and last night; encountering the dead in -both blue and gray, a most gruesome sight, at the same time driving -back the rebel skirmishers until we come in sight of the Confederate -earthworks, when we halt and throw up works for our own protection. -Even danger and death can not wipe out human or, at least, boyish -nature. Near the brief halting place are mulberry trees, fairly black -with luscious, well ripened fruit, and not even rebel riflemen can -keep Yankee berry-pickers out of those tempting branches. We soon -advance, however, across a field and towards a railroad-cut some -distance ahead of us, and to reach it we have to run the risk of the -foe's rifles and cannon, snugly entrenched beyond the cut. We make -a rush for this cut and the tumbles that some of the men take in -entering it are funny even in battle's din. Colonel Davis's well known -avoirdupois gained such momentum in the rapid rush that halting on the -brink was quite impossible, and he rolled rapidly down the declivity. -There is skirmishing all day and an artillery duel in the afternoon. -Just at dark, a rapid movement is made across a ravine and orders are -quietly passed that when the Colonel's hat is raised on the point -of his sword, we are to rush forward to the edge of a bank, so near -and yet so far below the rebel works that they cannot depress their -cannon sufficiently to hit us. Officers are summoned later to brigade -headquarters where they are informed that there will be a night attack, -but, for some reason, changes come in the programme and in a new -position we again throw up breastworks. In an exposed condition, we lie -in them through the night and are saluted in the morning of Sunday, the -19th, by the enemy's fire at closer range. - -[Sidenote: JUNE 19, '64] - -The 19th falls on Sunday, though the particular day of the week -gives these soldiers very little concern, since each successive -twenty-four-hours is only one day more of "smoke and roar and -powder-stench" and of this particular interval, General Warren has -only the words, "Remained in position. Loss about three hundred." If -remaining in position brought such a record as this, what would it have -been had there been another effort to advance? The night before had -seen very vigorous work in the trenches and men tried to strengthen -them against possible attack, and so close were the workman to each -other and so emphatic their strokes, George A. Farrar of "E" was -wounded in the knee by a pickaxe and was obliged to go to the hospital. -Nothing in the world finds more ready and willing workers than the -throwing up of breastworks that may be used for defense and, under the -spur of hostile missiles, the laziest become most industrious. At such -times there are no suggestions that the other fellow ought to do it, -but everyone is doing something, if it is no more than loosening earth -with a bayonet or case-knife and throwing up the results with a cup -or tin-plate, hoping thus to stop a vagrant bullet. Continuous rattle -of musketry recalls the noise of the Wilderness and, with the evident -skill of the sharpshooters, it behooves everyone to lie low. Writes -one poor fellow, somewhat discouraged, "When shall we get through -this terrible campaign?" Another says, "The Thirty-ninth is about five -hundred yards (others put the distance as low as eighty yards) from -the Confederate works and our skirmishers are on a hillside, across a -ravine. At nightfall, we begin on the works again." This, doubtless, -is the point referred to by Captain Porter, years afterward, when at a -reunion of the Regiment, he said, "our skirmishers were among the first -to establish the line at what was afterward the Crater, blown up on the -30th of July, 1864, and that line was pushed nearest to the rebel line, -not excepting that of Fort Stedman and Fort McGilvery, by twenty yards." - -Of the 20th, an officer records, "We worked till two o'clock last -night, and turned out at four this morning. The rebel sharpshooters -are on the lookout for a man careless enough to show himself. I am -twenty-four years old to-day." Another scribe in the same company -enters these words, "Wish I were at home to-day for it is our boy's -birthday," so closely does the absent soldier keep in heart and mind -to the loved ones at the hearthstone. While there is a trend towards -the west, General Griffin's Division (First) reaching the Jerusalem -plank-road and the Second Corps crossing it, our portion of the Fifth -Corps, except as a part of the Brigade moves off to the left to help -fill the gap made by the withdrawal of Griffin, remains as before. The -21st varies little from yesterday, men keeping pretty closely to their -places, the least exposure bringing attention from the enemy, and men -are wounded in spite of all care to the contrary. One of Burnside's -colored regiments is digging a traverse out to the picket line. Extreme -vigilance continues into the night, through fear of an assault by the -enemy, and at about 9 p. m., the most of the Regiment goes on picket. -Picket duty on the 22nd requires vigilance, "Yank" and "Reb" exchange -compliments whenever opportunity offers and Jonas P. Barden, Company -A, is killed. Quite late in the evening, the Regiment is relieved and -retires to its former location, the same being not remote from the -spot which in a few weeks would be known as the "Crater," and somewhat -further to the Union left, opposite prominencies will be called Forts -Sedgwick and Mahone, or in army parlance, Forts "Hell and Damnation." -It is on this day that the Second Corps suffers one of the severest set -backs in its entire history, the enemy succeeding in getting at its -left flank, in a manner unprecedented, and in carrying off four cannon -and more than two thousand prisoners. - -[Sidenote: JUNE 24, '64] - -Everyone is learning caution, but there are mortalities still, as with -S. B. Harris of "H" who is hit in the head and killed on the 23rd. It -is fair to suppose that Union sharpshooters are just as vigilant as -their opponents, and that Death visits, with no show of partiality, -both blue and gray. As the stay in these advanced trenches has not -savored at all of rest, any change seems desirable, hence orders to -move early in the morning of the 24th are heard with pleasure and, -before daylight, we are off to the left to take the places of Second -Corps men who had gone still further to the left, while the Ninth -Corps moves into our vacated places. One very careful observer states -that we lost our way and had to back and fill, as it were, at one time -coming near running into the enemy, who kept up an almost constant -shelling during the change. There seems to be less activity among the -sharpshooters, for which the soldiers are duly grateful. To-day the -original members of the Twelfth Massachusetts, the Fletcher Webster -Regiment, long in the Second Brigade of our Division, draw out of line -and start for home. The recruits, re-enlisted and drafted men of the -Twelfth are to become a part of the Thirty-ninth. The coming into our -ranks of one hundred and twenty-five men from the returning Twelfth, -is the crowning incident of the 25th. One hundred and six more men are -nominally transferred, but they are absent on sick leave, in rebel -prisons or elsewhere, and those received to-day, represent about all -the real additions to come from our friends who, after three years of -arduous labor, are homeward bound. The new position of the Regiment is -across the Petersburg & Norfolk Railroad and the depleted condition -of the 39th, following the campaign, is evident from the fact that -eighteen of the men from the Twelfth Regiment, added to those left in -Company C of the Thirty-ninth, called for just forty three rations in -the entire company. - -It was not lack of excitement which prompted a certain Company A man -to a prank which afforded him and his comrades a deal of pleasure, -rather was it a desire for something out of the ordinary that, in -the midst of this, the severest campaign in the progress of the war, -suggested to him a variation. Taking pencil and paper, he wrote, "I -should be happy to correspond with any young lady so disposed; address -G. W. Cheney, Company A, 39th Regt., M. V. M., Second Brigade, Third -Division, Fifth Army Corps, Army of the Potomac." Thinking the idea -too good to be kept secret, he read it to the boys around the campfire -who were delighted with the plan and he had to write another, couched -thus, "I would be pleased to correspond with young ladies, 18 to 22, -with view to matrimony." Both of the ads were sent to the Boston Herald -and the writer thinks they were the first of the kind ever inserted -there. Two weeks later, or after the ads had had time to circulate, -the mail brought one hundred and six answers, representing every state -then in the Union; long letters, short and pithy ones, some perfumed -and embossed; no end of good advice, love, kisses, merry, sporting -fun and blessings; it was understood that the Colonel's good wife -was quite horrified at seeing the ad and there must have been some -uxorious advice to Colonel Davis since, though the next mail had over -two hundred letters for the advertisers, they were all destroyed on -the pretext that there were no such persons in the Regiment as those -addressed. This however did not prevent the enterprising young men -doing extensive corresponding over their own names. - -The 26th is a quiet day; the 27th has its alarms with prompt response -but no attack. Long desired rain fell along towards night, but not -enough to satisfy the overheated men and the thirsty earth; so near are -pickets of the opposing armies, they could readily converse without -raising their voices, but they have not, as yet, reached that degree -of familiarity. The 28th, Tuesday, marks a change in the situation in -that we move to the front and right and proceed to throw up a line of -earthworks, stronger than those already in use with the expectation of -thereby affording shelter for suddenly attacked pickets and to better -resist any assault of the enemy. The month of June ends with the Corps -stretched along the Petersburg line, with the Ninth and Eighteenth at -the right and the Second and the Sixth at its left. By seeming common -consent, pickets cease firing, though the heavy guns thunder away; -evidently both Johnnie and Yankee would like a rest; after extremely -hard work, the regimental rolls are got into shape for muster which is -had on the 30th; another sign of semi-permanency is the coming up of -some of the sutlers who are anxious to resume operations, especially in -view of the possible coming of the paymaster. It is in these days that -the 1st Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, Second Corps, which received so -severe a handling at Harris's Farm, May 19th, yet most manfully held -its place, is once more encountered and the ravages of war were never -more apparent than in the fact that only three hundred are reported -present for duty out of eighteen hundred men who left the defenses in -the month of May. - -[Sidenote: JULY, '64] - -The first third of July, as far as the Thirty-ninth is concerned, is -quite uneventful. The comparative quiet that the men are experiencing -has become a necessity. The persistent bending of the bow, beginning -at the Wilderness, is bringing expected results. The fire of conscious -strength, so evident in the earlier encounters of the campaign, is -nearly burned out and recent trials of courage and endurance have shown -and, future struggles will exhibit, a lacking of that enthusiasm -which characterized the early days of May. Human bodies cannot endure -everything, their limitations are sooner or later determined and -such is the case with these survivors of the terrible exactions so -continuously made. General F. A. Walker says, "Men died of flesh wounds -which, at another time, would merely have afforded a welcome excuse -for a thirty days' sickness leave. The limit of human endurance had -been reached." General Grant, in his Memoirs, writes of the situation -after the assault on the 18th of June, "I now ordered the troops to be -put under cover, and allowed some of the rest which they had so long -needed." It is a protraction of this rest that our men are getting -in earlier July. From the 1st to the 10th of the month, the diary of -General Warren has no entry of greater importance than reference to the -building of a redoubt or the development of some plan on paper and, -though constant vigilance is evident, there are none of the exposure -and tests characteristic of the Wilderness and Spottsylvania. - -To supplement the somewhat stilted rations furnished by the commissary -department, the sanitary commission is sending in a variety of -vegetables, fresh and dried, as well as fruits that are most gratefully -received by the men and they are working a great improvement in -general health. In our Regiment, appearances begin to resemble those -of winter quarters since roll calls, three times a day, are in order, -falling-in with guns and equipments. Ground is cleared for inspection -and those formal ordeals are had as of old, and guns have to be cleaned -up accordingly; prayer-meetings also are resumed. The 4th, usually -so noisy at home, is just the reverse in our particular locality, -though away off to the right, Butler and Smith fire salutes. In the -Fifth Corps, the impression apparently is that we have had noise -enough of late. In the evening, the pickets on both sides celebrate a -bit with cheers, perhaps in behalf of ancestors who, both North and -South, fought for a common cause. The weather continues very hot and -mutual forbearance permits the men to stretch their tents as awnings -back of the earthworks into which they are ready to tumble instantly, -should occasion arise. Heavy details are made of men for labor on a -new fort in process of erection to the southwest of our position, to -be called, at first, Fort Warren, but later to take the name of our -Colonel who, all unconscious of the fact, is rapidly approaching the -day of his departure. On the 7th of July the Third Division of the -Sixth Corps is detached and, by way of the James and Chesapeake Bay, is -sent to Baltimore to head off near Frederick, Maryland, the movement -of General Early and his men on Washington. This Confederate officer -had been ordered to leave the vicinity of Cold Harbor on the 13th of -June, and to proceed towards the Shenandoah Valley for the purpose of -making trouble for General David Hunter, who had been operating in that -section, Lee evidently thinking that his lessened battle front could -afford the withdrawal. A considerable battle followed on the 9th, at -Monocacy Junction, where Lew Wallace with a force made up of local -militia and certain Ohio one hundred days' men and the Third Division -of the Sixth Corps, was able to hold the Confederates long enough to -permit the arrival in Washington of the remaining two divisions of -the Sixth, the same leaving City Point the night of the 9th, and to -successfully repel the rebel assault upon Fort Stevens on the 12th. -Considerable effort was necessary to persuade General Grant that any -portion of the Confederate army was missing from his front, luckily -he was convinced in time to send a sufficient force to Washington to -destroy all of Early's expectations. - -[Sidenote: JULY 11, '64] - -The comparative calm of the first third of July was rudely broken on -the 11th. The day had begun much as usual and, from five o'clock in the -morning till five-thirty in the afternoon, there was the regular round -of camp and other duties when, for some unexplained reason, the enemy -began a fierce fire of artillery on our rations-train. As hitherto, -nearly all of the shells exploded way back of our lines but one, and a -man states distinctly in his diary, "the only one," struck close beside -Colonel Davis and, exploding, wounded him so severely that he died -very soon afterward, 7 p. m. Private Mentzer of "A," long years later, -recalls the sad happening thus: "Streets, tents, stockades, properly -aligned; camps, graded and drained; constant discipline, inspections, -dress parades, deportment, all better than those of any other regiment -I ever saw, tell me that Colonel Davis did his work thoroughly and -well. He sat on a rustic seat or bench, talking with a friend (Asst. -Surgeon of the Thirteenth), none other near, save a detail of pickets, -of whom I was one, just reported at headquarters, when a shell burst -and tore his body dreadfully, still he was the commander to the end." - -Lieut. J. H. Dusseault, "H," describes the sad event thus: - - "The first shot fired, which we were wont to call the five o'clock - express, hit a tree about fifty feet in front of our lines, cutting it - off some forty feet from the ground; the rebels were really shelling - our baggage train, some distance in the rear. Hitting the tree - deflected the shell so that it passed downward through the canopy of - leaves, arranged for shade above the officers' quarters, and burst - under the Colonel, who was sitting cross-legged on a rustic seat - with Assistant Surgeon L. W. Hixon of the Thirteenth Massachusetts. - Both men were thrown down and the lower part of Colonel Davis' body - seemed completely torn to pieces. My own quarters being not more than - ten feet away, I was able to see the missile as it passed downward, - after striking the tree. I helped pull the Colonel into his pit. His - mind was clear and I heard him converse with Lieut. Colonel Peirson - to the purport that he would be colonel now. To this Colonel Peirson - replied, 'Oh no! You are going to get out of this.' The wounded - officer, however, insisted that it was all over with him and he gave - certain directions to the Lieut. Colonel saying that he would like to - have him recommend Capt. F. R. Kinsley to be Lieut. Colonel and, his - passion for details being strong even in death, he named a member of - the drum-corps, who had overstayed his leave of absence and wanted him - attended to when he returned. He requested also that a letter he had - just written to his wife should be mailed and that the circumstances - of his death should be added. Dr. Hixon, proclaiming himself also - wounded, said he was unable to attend to the dying officer and it is - possible that the surgeon of the First Massachusetts Heavy Artillery - was called in to help dress the wound. After this he was placed on a - stretcher and William S. Sumner of "H" was one of the men who carried - him to the rear. As the enemy was shelling the road, they felt obliged - to carry him through the woods and the way being very rough, the - officer suffering terribly said to the bearers, 'Men, I wish you would - take the road, I hate to ask you to do so, but this is terrible.' - He died about the time the hospital was reached. A veteran of the - Thirteenth Regiment claims to have a piece of the shell which killed - Colonel Davis." - -At this very time Colonel Davis was president of a court martial at the -headquarters of the Third Division and had been there earlier in the -day but, as the business in hand was not in proper shape, the court did -not convene and its president returned to his Regiment. Had it been -in progress, the chances are that our colonel would not have passed -out of life as he did. John S. Beck, "C," detailed as a clerk at the -court martial, writes thus: "I did not think it was the last time I -should ever see him.... I felt very badly about it, for he seemed like -a father to me. The boys felt blue enough. I think it will be hard to -fill his place. I turned in feeling very sad and downcast."[N] - -[Sidenote: JULY 11, '64] - -As with Tennyson's Brook, "Men may come and men may go," but the war -"goes on." The gallant officer, into whose care the dying colonel -committed the Regiment, was fully equal to the task. A member of -the famous Fourth Battalion, which served its period of volunteer -duty in Fort Warren at the breaking out of the war entirely without -compensation, he had been one of the first to volunteer in the -Twentieth Massachusetts where he was first lieutenant and adjutant and, -captured at Ball's Bluff, had experienced Richmond inhospitality. Then -as a staff officer, he had seen the fierce Peninsula campaign along -with Generals Dana and Sedgwick. An early selection of Governor Andrew, -he was made second to Colonel Davis in the raising of the Thirty-ninth -and we have grown pretty well acquainted with him during the preceding -months. As close to the enemy at Laurel Hill as he well could be, he -was severely wounded and he now takes his promotion with the good will -and thorough loyalty of every officer and man under his command. Major -Henry M. Tremlett who was still absent on detached service in Boston -becomes lieutenant colonel, and Captain F. R. Kinsley of the Somerville -Company, "E," succeeds Tremlett as major. - -Were this history that of the entire war or even that of the Army of -the Potomac, the story of the remaining days of July would occupy very -little space, for the siege of Petersburg, actually beginning on the -15th of June, is to continue until the 2nd of April, '65, and may be -characterized as an unbroken engagement of almost ten months' duration -with occasional extra emphasis laid on this or that point along the -battle line, many miles in extent. Away at the right is the Eighteenth -Corps, holding the space from the Appomattox to the Ninth Corps which -stretches out till its left joins the right of the Fifth, which in -turn touches the right of the Second; this corps since the withdrawal -of the Sixth for service in Maryland, in Washington and later in the -valley of the Shenandoah, has become the extreme Union left, with its -line refused towards the south, and west of the Jerusalem plank-road, -only a fraction of the distance to be covered before the winter's stay -is ended. Even now the enemy is making vigorous effort to defend the -several railroads which connect Petersburg with the south, feeling -certain that Grant and Meade will not long delay trying to cut off the -city from its Weldon Railroad connections and, until that time arrives, -there will be more digging than charging along the rival lines, though -the exchange of sulphurous compliments will be so constant that -cessation rather than continuance will arouse remark. - -[Sidenote: JULY 13, '64] - -General Warren, who has his command well in hand, has no conspicuous -statement for this period, and even some regimental historians pass -over the interval with only a few and scattering remarks. It will -be understood that the most diligent picket and camp duties are -maintained all of the time, and very few if any idle days come to -either commissioned officer or enlisted man from one week's end to -another. Never was there a better illustration of eternal vigilance -than that displayed by both sides in this long game of opposites; -hence in our progress it will be unnecessary to mention more than the -passing events, in the least out of the ordinary. Colonel Thomas F. -McCoy of the One hundred and Seventh Pennsylvania succeeds Colonel -Davis as president of the court martial, while the body of the deceased -officer, with his faithful steed and Chaplain French, starts July 12th -on its long journey homeward. Many a member of the Regiment felt, if -he did not so express himself, as did the writer who put these words -in his diary, "I can't realize that he has really gone and will not -be with us at the front again." Early in the morning of this day, the -Regiment is aroused and at 2.30 a. m. moves into the large fort or -redoubt, for some time in process of erection. Of this, General Warren -makes mention, saying that he spent the day here, planning and cutting -timber, etc. At daylight of the 13th, everyone goes to work with pick -or shovel in making defensible the new fort. Here we are to remain till -the middle of August. Named at first for the commander of the Fifth -Corps, it will soon take the name of our late colonel. Covering about -three acres of ground, it is capable of holding a brigade. Situated a -mile or more below Petersburg, it is on the Jerusalem plank-road and -the next fortification south of Sedgwick, the Fort "Hell" of rebel -parlance. Lieutenant Dusseault says, "In building our fort, we dug a -trench twenty feet wide and ten feet deep, and threw up the rampart -on the inside. Thus there were eighteen or twenty feet of banking. The -fort was made square with a diagonal through it. We had a magazine in -it, and two wells were dug for a water supply. Besides our Brigade -there was with us also the Ninth (Bigelow's) Battery, which had -suffered so severely at Gettysburg." - -The routine of duty, including at least three hours' work daily on -the fortifications, continues to-day, and all day and all night, too, -for that matter, since the stronghold must be one in fact as well as -name, men being so detailed as to keep the dirt flying; a writer in -the story of the Thirteenth Massachusetts Infantry says it took eight -men to get one shovelful of dirt from the bottom of the ditch to the -top of the work, the men standing in little nitches cut in the side -of the bank and passing the earth from one to another. This day also -marks the transferral of recruits and re-enlisted men of the Thirteenth -Regiment, the time of this staunch companion on many a march and hard -fought field having expired and the original members being about to -withdraw for their joyful journey home, though the actual union of the -one hundred remaining men of the Thirteenth and the Thirty-ninth does -not take place till the 14th of July, the only noteworthy event of -the day, unless mention is made of the withdrawal of the Second Corps -from its western position and its encampment south of the Fifth Corps, -thus leaving the Fifth at the extreme Union left. On the Fifteenth the -camp ground is thoroughly policed and General Warren superintends the -laying out of a camp for the men and pitching our tents, regular living -seems probable for a time at least. It is related that, reviewing some -of the work as already laid out, General Warren, who had been Meade's -chief engineer, asked who had projected certain lines and, when a -division commander was named, he sharply remarked, "General ---- had -better stick to his pills," and seizing a shovel worked off some of his -indignation by making the dirt fly with his major general hands. The -Masonic Lodge held its first meeting for many a day and voted to pay -for the embalming of Colonel Davis' body, and the expenses incident to -sending it home, also appointing a committee to look after the families -of brother Masons killed in the campaign. - -The passion or appetite for drink is well illustrated on the 17th -in Lieut. Dusseault's effort to properly distribute eight canteens -(twelve quarts) of whiskey among one hundred men, on police duty, the -ration being one gill for each one but, for fear that the quantity -might intoxicate them, he discreetly gave out one half a gill per -man, thus retaining four canteens for a subsequent occasion. When he -lay down at night he put the canteens under his head, but despite his -care the canteens were stolen with no clue to the thieves, save the -maudlin condition in which several men were found. There seemed to be -no risk that men would not take to secure that which was worse than -useless for them, an enemy to steal away their brains. Several days -of continued routine of police, picket, drill and other features of -camp life follow, but entirely agreeable after the exactions of May -and June. Thursday, the 21st, the enemy varied the monotony by making -an artillery demonstration against Fort Sedgwick, possibly lest its -occupants should forget its nick name, "Hell." The cordial relations -existing on picket are well illustrated by an incident related of the -period where a Union soldier, crawling out carefully to reach his -station, was more than surprised to hear in unmistakable Southern -speech, the words, "Say, you Yank don't belong thar'; that's we uns -place; you uns place's over thar," a bit of information that the -Yank did not hesitate to avail himself of. Deserters are in constant -evidence, all coming in ragged and hungry. - -[Sidenote: JULY 21, '64] - -It was at Fort Davis that Corporal Dow of Company C got one of his -first experiences on horseback. Captain Hutchins sent him to Colonel -Peirson, one morning, in answer to the latter's request for a messenger -to City Point. On the Colonel's telling Dow that he was to ride a -horse to City Point, ten miles away, the poor Corporal stood aghast and -avowed his utter ignorance of an equine, his vocation being that of -a ship carpenter, saying, "I can tell you all about a boat, Colonel, -but I know absolutely nothing about a horse." "Oh! That's nothing," -replied the officer, "you can stick on and the horse you will ride is -like a rocking chair." The animal that Colonel Peirson named was an -exceedingly easy riding beast but, unfortunately, the same had been -appropriated by an officer and ridden off on a somewhat questionable -errand; to make a fuss about it would be to give the officer away, so -Dow submitted to the caprice of the man in charge of the stable and -went off mounted on the Adjutant's steed, notoriously the worst riding -brute in the entire equine outfit. John Gilpin's condition after his -ride to Ware and back was nothing compared to that of the Corporal when -he returned; as he expressed it, if he had ridden a rail the entire -twenty miles, with sledge hammers pounding the ends of the same, he -could not have been more jolted and galled than he was at the end -of his twenty miles. A whiskey ration was being distributed when he -reached camp, and Dow remarked that he needed extensive application, -both within and without. "I guess I've killed your horse or he has -me," he remarked to the Adjutant as, walking very wide, he passed that -officer. "I hope you have," said the officer, "for then I can get a -better one." The steed really did die from the trip, and when the -Colonel called for Dow again, luckily for him, the easy going beast was -ready. - -[Sidenote: JULY 29, '64] - -Lest we should forget that we are in a state of war with our Southern -brethren, we are favored on the 24th and the 25th, late in the -afternoon, with certain iron compliments, the rebels even shelling the -picket line, a very unusual procedure, one shell entering the fort; as -many of their missiles fail to explode, we conclude that they must be -using a very poor grade of powder. The cannon opposite to us are manned -by the Washington Artillery, that crack New Orleans organization -whose batteries were found in all the great Confederate armies, east -and west. Towards the end of the month, a greater degree of activity -is apparent; the Second Corps moves out on the 26th and then returns -the next day; on this same 27th, loads of ammunition are bought up -and picket relations are less amicable than hitherto. We turn in July -29th, with orders to turn out at 2.30 the next morning; this we do on -the 30th and the Fifth Corps moves a half mile or so to our right into -trenches back of the Ninth, with the Second Corps similarly disposed at -our right. As yet we do not know what a large part of the country is -to learn soon, viz., that this 30th of July is to go down the annals -of time as the day of the "Crater." For weeks, under the direction of -Colonel Pleasants of the Forty-eighth Pennsylvania, his men have been -digging an underground way, in front of Burnside's advanced lines, to -a point beneath Elliott's or Pegrams' Salient, more than five hundred -feet distant. It was finished on the 23rd and in it were soon placed -8,000 lbs. of powder. To divert the attention of the enemy, lest he -might discover the undermining project, the Second Corps had been sent -across the James, to assist the troops already there in a demonstration -against Richmond, but when the mine was ready for exploding the corps -was hastily called back. Pages have been written of the event, of the -explosion, of the advance of troops, white and black, into the abyss -caused by the eruption and of their sorry fate beneath the concentrated -fire of the Confederates, under Mahone and his artillery, and the -unkind words that for many a year were uttered concerning Burnside -and his part in the well conceived though unfortunately consummated -project. Many of our Bay State regiments are in the Ninth Corps and -they perform with credit whatever duty falls to their lot. We are not -called upon for any part in the fight, though we have our share of -earache at the terrific explosion and the artillery firing afterwards. -July ends with the Fifth Corps back in the same position as that held -before the "Crater" episode, one of whose principal features was the -practical demonstration that negro troops are much like those of other -complexion and may be depended upon in an emergency. - -Although August, 1864, is written deep in the hearts and memories of -members of the Thirty-ninth, up to and beyond the middle of the month -there is little to record except the regular round of camp life close -to the enemy's lines, and the rumors that are ever afloat where many -are assembled. The sending away of the Sixth Corps to the defense of -Washington and the inauguration of the Shenandoah Valley campaign -under Sheridan, whose only instructions, imparted to him by Grant at -Monocacy, in that meeting of August 6th, are "Go in," making matters -in the Petersburg Zone much more quiet than they would be otherwise. -A southside view of the situation is not amiss and the words of T. N. -Page, in his life of Lee, are appended:-- - - "Jefferson Davis has declared that the remainder of the Petersburg - campaign is 'too sad to be patiently considered.' Locked in his - fortifications, with Richmond hung like a millstone about his neck, - while the South was cut off piecemeal from possibility of contributing - to his support, Lee, faithful to his trust, and obedient to the laws, - put aside whatever personal views he might have held and continued - to handle the situation with supreme skill. Before that army had - succumbed it had added to Grant's casualty list, from the time he - crossed the James, another sixty-odd thousand men, thus doubling the - ghastly record of his losses.... Grant seems to be the one firm, - clear-headed, practical man in all of the muddle of conflicting - ambitions and confused orders. 'This man Grant grows on me,' Mr. - Lincoln had said a year or two before--'He fights.' It was the one - solution of the problem--to fight and keep on, no matter at what cost, - till the other side should be exhausted. Grant recognized it and acted - on it. Happily for the Union cause, Grant was the commanding general - of all of the armies of the Union. Unhappily for the Confederate - cause, Lee had not been given similar power. As dependent as was the - South on his genius, the military command was still reserved in the - hands of the civil authorities. He could not even appoint his chief of - staff." - -Of the period between the Mine and the month of March, 1865, General -Humphreys, in his story of the campaign, remarks on the movements of -the Army of the Potomac and that of the James to the right and the -left, resulting in the extension of our line of entrenchment in both -directions, and causing a corresponding extension of the Confederate -entrenchments on our left, and their occupation in stronger force -of their entrenchments on the north bank of the James. Very likely -these blazing, hot August days would have been blazing with gunpowder -in the furthering of the investment of the Cockade City had not the -departure of the Sixth Corps compelled the temporary suspension of the -western project and a continuance of the strengthening of the works -already built. So far, however, as anything akin to comfort beneath -the midsummer sun, in the exposed earthworks was concerned, nothing of -the sort was possible. Only when the king of day hid his shining face, -during the hours of night, could the intensity of his heat be forgotten. - -[Sidenote: AUG. 4, '64] - -Still, time was passing, and every day marked the approach of the -wind-up, so long and so devoutly prayed for. Regimental note takers -were observing everything out of the ordinary, and Horton of "E" -remarks, August 1st on a visit to the scene of the explosion, July -30, saying, "It is opposite the old brick house, where we were before -coming here" and he also comments on the burial of the dead, while a -flag of truce is up. Another, writing on the 2d, says, "Walked along -the front of our Corps, everything is under ground, covered ways for -teams and troops to pass out if the enemy is near, showing a vast -amount of labor." Thursday, the 4th, was a Fast Day, appointed by -the President, which was observed in Fort Davis by a suspension of -fatigue duty and religious services at 6.30 conducted by the chaplains -of the Sixteenth Maine, the One hundred and Fourth New York and the -One Hundred and Seventh Pennsylvania. The day was not observed by -all organizations, and along the line of the Ninth Corps there was -considerable firing. The versatile accomplishments of Union soldiers -are indicated in that on the 5th of August a member of Company H, -suffering from toothache, sought out an ex-dentist in the One Hundred -and Seventh Pennsylvania and had his aching molars filled; and the -scarcity of proper material is also shown in that the substance, used -for filling, was just ordinary lead, but it did the business. Who would -suppose that, through all of the ups-and-downs of an exacting campaign -the instruments, essential to such work would have been, carried and -what a substitute for a dentist's chair, with its varied attachments, -must have been the end of a log or an empty cracker box! - -Almost every day brings one or more deserters from the rebel ranks, men -who are convinced that the game is really lost and can see no pleasure -or profit in the "last ditch" idea. They are invariably hungry, ragged -and dirty. On the 9th, Fred. Glines of "E," a Somerville boy, visits -the hospital of the Ninth Corps and there meets Professor John P. -Marshall, a respected instructor in Tufts College, a most pleasant -meeting for both parties. He also records the blowing up of an ordnance -boat, lying at the wharf in City Point, receiving fixed ammunition. -The incident is an item in the history of the war, whereby there were -a great loss of life and destruction of property. All told, the value -of property destroyed mounted into the millions and the number of -lives lost was between sixty and seventy; one hundred and thirty were -wounded; some battles had a smaller record. At the time the explosion -was ascribed to the careless handling of the ammunition cases.[O] - -In the night of the 10th-11th there was a little artillery play in the -direction of Fort Davis, but it proved to be harmless. The 12th marks -the second anniversary of the muster-in of Company E, the first one -in the Regiment. This day also saw a new movement of the Second Corps -across the James River, another blow to be struck at Deep Bottom, if -practicable. Evidently Generals Grant and Meade thought the quiet -period had lasted long enough, besides the Lieutenant General thought -that the rebels had sent off three of their divisions to reinforce -Early in the valley. The truth was that only Kershaw's had gone, and -all the others were right on the spot, ready to receive callers or -boarders, it was all the same thing, and the expedition was not as -productive of results as the projectors had desired. - -[Sidenote: AUG. 13, '64] - -One scribe, on the 13th, writes, "Got paid off," and elsewhere mention -is made of the proximity of sutlers who are ready to settle old scores -and also to sell for cash. Rumors of coming activity are current on -the 14th and the next day, Monday, the Brigade marched out of the fort -giving place to the First Division of the Ninth Corps, negro troops, -and going back about two miles, we pitch camp and are evidently in -reserve for some project. The heavens also are active and the long -delayed rain comes in torrents for two hours in the afternoon. The -troops which relieved us were the colored division of the Ninth Corps, -under General Edward Ferrero, and of their appearance as we marched -out, Beck of Company C remarks, "Who of the Thirty-ninth will ever -forget the appearance of the colored troops sent to relieve us, as they -lay about outside, half buried in yellow mud and water, as we filed out -of the fort on that rainy morning? They had been marching all night in -the darkness, rain and mud, and were so completely exhausted that sleep -to them was the one great necessity, position and bed being secondary. -We carefully stepped over their bodies and soon were beyond the sound -of their snoring." A heavy detail is made on the 16th for work on Fort -Sedgwick, but day work is impossible there on account of the nearness -of Fort Mahone, or "Damnation," whose sharpshooters are regularly -gunning for the "blues." The detail had hardly more than begun to work -at 10 p. m. when the command came to cease from labors and to report -to the Regiment at once. There the information is imparted that the -corps will move at 3 p. m. of the coming day. On this next day, the -17th, when in line awaiting the expected "Forward" there comes the -order to break ranks and encamp for the night. Concerning the movement -against the Weldon Railroad, whole volumes have been written. It was a -part of Grant's effort to cripple the resources of the rebel army that -was being hemmed in gradually by the Union forces. The necessity of -the move had been recognized from the first and it had been delayed, -as already stated, principally by the departure of Sheridan and the -Sixth Corps to the Shenandoah Valley. We have noted the activity of -Hancock and his Second Corps, north of the James, made in the hope that -it might cause the return of some of the Confederates who had gone to -Early's relief, thereby enabling Sheridan to strike a heavier blow in -his present command. - -Incidentally, it seemed that troops had been withdrawn from the -rebel right to strengthen those fighting Hancock and others, at the -Confederate left, and Grant saw his opportunity to strike again for the -Weldon track, and this is what he says in his Memoirs:-- - - "From our left, near the old line, it was about three miles to - the Weldon Railroad. A division was ordered from the right of the - Petersburg line to reinforce Warren, while a division was brought back - from the north side of the James River to take its place. The road - was very important to the enemy. The limits from which his supplies - had been drawn were already very much contracted, and I knew that he - must fight desperately to protect it. Warren carried the road though - with heavy loss on both sides. He fortified his new position, and our - trenches were then extended from the left of our main line to connect - with his new one. Lee made repeated attempts to dislodge Warren's - Corps, but without success and with heavy loss. As soon as Warren was - fortified and reinforcement reached him, troops were sent south to - destroy the bridges on the Weldon Railroad, and with such success that - the enemy had to draw in wagons for a distance of about thirty miles - all the supplies they thereafter got from that source. It was on the - 21st that Lee seemed to have given up the Weldon Railroad as having - been lost to him; but along about the 24th or 25th he made renewed - attempts to recapture it. Again he failed, and with very heavy losses - to him as compared with ours. On the night of the 20th, our troops - on the north side of the James were withdrawn, and Hancock and Gregg - were sent south to destroy the Weldon Railroad. They were attacked on - the 25th, at Reams Station, and after desperate fighting a part of - our line gave way, losing five pieces of artillery. But the Weldon - Railroad never went out of our possession from the 18th of August to - the close of the war." - -The foregoing extract from the memoirs of the Lieutenant General has -been made as an indication of his opinion of the magnitude of the work -of August 18th in the progress of the war. The Army and Navy Journal of -August 27th, after noting the extraordinary storm of the 15th, "Which -swept away many tents and sutler's booths and filled the trenches with -water" and the fierce cannonading on the 16th, also that of 1 a. m. of -the 18th, lasting for two hours, has this to offer concerning the event -which figures so largely in the annals of our Regiment:-- - -[Sidenote: AUG. 18, '64] - - "At four o'clock, on the morning of Thursday, the 18th, and shortly - after the heavy cannonading ceased, the Fifth Corps started from its - camp (which was rather in reserve) with four days' rations, towards - the Weldon Railroad. It took some time to get across the ground - formerly held by the Second and Sixth Corps. Then the column marched - towards Ream's Station, driving in easily the enemy's skirmishers, - of whom a part were captured. Between seven and eight o'clock, the - advance arrived at Six Mile Station, and busily setting to work, a - mile of the track was torn up and burned, and the rails destroyed in - the usual manner. The skirmishing up to this time had been very light, - the enemy having obviously withdrawn to his left, and the whole move - being made with hardly a show of opposition. While the First Division - was tearing up the track, the others passed on towards Petersburg and - after advancing two or three miles, took position so as to repel an - expected attack from the enemy. They did not have long to wait. About - noon, Walker's Virginia and Davis' Mississippi brigades came hurrying - down the railroad. Ayres' Second Division was stationed at this point; - the Third and Fourth Divisions, at his right; and the First on his - left. The battle opened very promptly on the arrival of the enemy with - sharp artillery firing. The enemy, a part of Hill's Corps, then rushed - in with great impetuosity, falling with most force upon Hayes', Lyle's - and Cutler's brigades, and succeeding in flanking a portion of our - force, including Lyle's First Brigade, Crawford's Third Division, the - latter brigade being brought forward under a severe enfilading fire. - For two hours the firing was very hot, and as it was an open fight the - losses were heavy. The main battle lasted till about three o'clock; - but the skirmishing and cannonading continued till night, when both - forces went to entrenching, the possession of the railroad still being - left to our troops. Our loss is still somewhat uncertain, but it is - somewhere from five hundred to one thousand. The Second and Third - Divisions suffered most and the Thirty-ninth Massachusetts and the - Fifteenth New York Heavy Artillery lost heavily. The enemy claims to - have captured eight officers and one hundred and fifty men from us in - this fight. The enemy's loss in killed and wounded was probably nearly - equal to ours, but he lost few prisoners. - - Headquarters at night were at the Six Mile House, so called from its - distance from Petersburg. That night and all the next day our forces - were busily engaged in strengthening our lines, and in endeavoring - to connect the right of the new position with the left of our old - line. But towards the evening of Friday the enemy came out in force - and pushed in between the new entrenchment and the old ones, flanking - the Fifth Corps and sweeping off about fifteen hundred prisoners. The - Ninth Corps arriving on the field of battle, checked the enemy. Our - loss was about three thousand men. Saturday was comparatively quiet, - but on Sunday the enemy again furiously attacked us, and was repulsed - with heavy loss. On Monday and Tuesday, there was occasional firing - along the centre, but our lines were otherwise undisturbed. Our forces - still hold the Weldon railroad, the capture and retention of which - have cost a week of the hardest fighting of the campaign." - -General Humphreys, in his "Virginia, Campaign of '64 and '65," has the -following version of the story that specially touches our Division and -Brigade:-- - - "General A. P. Hill, with Davis' and Walker's brigades under General - Heth, and Weisiger's, Colquitt's and Clingman's under General Mahone, - with Lee's cavalry and Pegram's batteries, moved to the Vaughan - Road intersection. Heth was to attack Ayers, while Mahone, familiar - with the woods, was to move concealed by it some distance beyond - Crawford's right, break through Bragg's skirmish line, and take Bragg - and Crawford in rear. About half past four in the afternoon, General - Mahone with his command formed in columns of fours, broke through - Bragg's skirmish line, faced to the right, and swept rapidly down - toward General Warren's right flank, taking all Crawford's skirmish - line and part of his line of battle in rear. His skirmish line fell - back in the greatest confusion, and in doing so, masked the fire of - his line of battle, and forced it to fall back, together with a part - of General Ayres' division. Heth at the same time opened on Ayres' - centre and left. General Warren, reforming the parts of Ayers' and - Crawford's divisions that were broken, brought them forward again and - regained the ground temporarily lost, taking some prisoners and two - flags. General Willcox was ordered up to attack; and White's division - (Ninth Corps) was formed facing to the right, and engaging Colquitt's - brigade drove it back, and captured some prisoners. Mahone's command - fell back rapidly in great confusion to their intrenchments, carrying - with them the parts of Warren's command disorganized by the attack on - their rear in the woods, and a large portion of the pickets." - -As an illustration of one man's appreciation of a great battle, of what -he sees, the following extract is taken from the journal of Lieutenant -Dusseault:-- - -[Sidenote: AUG. 18, '64] - - "We turned out at 3 a. m. This was the day of the 'Battle of Weldon - Railroad,' sometimes called that of the 'Six Mile House' or the 'Globe - Tavern,' also 'Yellow House.' We began our march at five o'clock - towards the railroad, southwest and towards our left, a distance of - five or six miles to the 'Six Mile House,' it being just that distance - from Petersburg. Here we found the rebel pickets and drove them before - us. General Crawford's Division (Third), to which our Regiment - belonged, formed a line of battle on the right of the railroad, and - General Ayers of our Second Division formed on the left of the road. - General Griffin's First Division was in the rear, tearing up the - tracks as we thus advanced towards Petersburg. We had proceeded about - a mile and a half in dense woods, when Hill's Rebel Corps charged us. - The 'Six Mile House' is now behind us, Ayers' Division gives way, - letting the enemy in on our left flank. There is nothing for us to - do but fall back or be captured. The rebel line in front of us is - within forty feet. The order is given to fall back. All were lying - down flat on the ground at the time, the enemy in the same position, - but ready to shoot as fast as we stood up. Colonel C. L. Peirson was - already badly wounded in the bowels by a minie ball. He was able to - stand long enough to give the command and then he fell. Just as I - rose, a bullet struck me in the right side, broke the eighth rib and - entered the lower lobe of the lung. I was taken off the field, along - with the Colonel, to the field hospital just back of us. Sergeant - Bradshaw, afterwards second lieutenant, and Private Thomas, both of - Company H, were leading me and while thus supporting me, the latter - was shot in the wrist, in consequence of which, hesitating a moment, - he was captured. For a time I occupied the next cot to the Colonel's. - I heard the surgeon say that he could not live twenty-four hours. As I - remember, he was placed outside in a tent by himself to die. Three or - four hours later, when the surgeons looked in upon him they saw that - he had revived somewhat, and he was taken to the division hospital. - His life was long despaired of. Few men recovered from wounds of like - character received during the Civil War. As Major Tremlett was still - absent, the command devolved on Capt. F. R. Kingsley of Company E. Our - side was beaten for a time but, after being driven about a quarter of - a mile, the men reformed and held the foe." - -Fred. Baker of Company H had joined the Regiment as a recruit in -February, 1864; he was on the skirmish line on August 18th, and, the -position being a pretty warm one, he had been digging a pit to get into -for cover. About the time that the hole had become large enough for him -to get into it, some rebel shot and killed him. He fell into the pit -and some of the others covered him with the earth which he had removed. -He had dug his own grave. - -Dexter Gray of Company E, who had been a schoolmaster before the war, -was shot in the head; he was so paralyzed that he could neither speak -nor move. His comrades were preparing to bury him, thinking him dead. -He knew everything that was being done but he could make no sign to -them, neither could he help himself in the least. But just before -they were ready to bury him, he recovered sufficiently to make them -understand, and the burial was postponed for about twenty years. - -Many years later, General Peirson, having been requested to give some -personal reminiscences to the Salem Evening News, under what he calls -his last battle, recites the story of his experience in the foregoing -18th of August. After some prefatory statements, the General proceeds:-- - - "General Grant's movements in that campaign were successively to the - left, and the order soon came for us to move to the left until we - crossed the Weldon Railroad, which was about the last remaining feeder - for the secession troops around Petersburg and Richmond. Arriving - there we began tearing up the rails for half a mile to pile up the dry - sleepers and put the iron rails on top of the cobpile and then firing - the sleepers, the rails by the heat and their own weight were rendered - worthless."[P] - -[Sidenote: AUG. 18, '64] - - "Moving through small trees, we came upon the enemy, who immediately - attacked. Our men were ordered to lie down, and to receive and return - the fire from their position. The commander cannot avail himself of - such protection, since the men are likely to be less homesick if they - see him apparently indifferent. Notwithstanding these precautions, - there were soon wounded men in plenty, the colonel being shot through - the body, falling at once upon his knees from the shock. Just at that - moment one of the lieutenants, Severand, from the left company of the - Regiment came up and reported, 'Everything is swept away from the - left.' He was ordered to go out to the left and investigate. He never - returned. I went then to that company and sent out the captain to make - the same investigation. He did not return. I then went out myself, and - meeting a secession soldier, remarked with some force, 'Drop that - gun and come in here.' He obeyed, not understanding that I had no - strength to compel him, and I learned from him that his troops had got - behind our left flank. This view was soon confirmed by the direction - from which the bullets came. I then gave orders, something like this, - 'Fours, right about, forward on the left company, March' or words to - that effect, and the situation was saved. - - "By that time, I was so much exhausted by the loss of blood that I was - carried to the rear, where there was a field hospital. When I met the - regimental surgeon who was my dear friend, I saw tears come into his - previously cheerful face, and I then knew that something serious had - happened. They gave me a little tent and some of the wounded officers - came to bid me good-bye. The major general, commanding the division, - hearing that one of his colonels had come to grief, sent an aide to - inquire what could be done for my comfort. From him I obtained an - ambulance. Our chaplain went with me, also a wounded soldier, who - died on the way, and we started for City Point, where were the main - hospitals of the army. In a few miles we came to a field hospital, - where I hoped to be allowed to remain, but the surgeon declined, I - thought brutally, to receive me, though I afterwards learned that - any other course would have been fatal to me. So we proceeded on our - long journey. Arriving at the splendidly equipped hospitals at City - Point, my wound was examined, the ball probed for, and found, and by - an operation extracted. Inflammation had by this time set in, and I - remained in a very dangerous state for many days. - - "While I thus lay on my cot, the hospital was visited by some well - meaning but clumsy Christians, whose mission it was to supply the - patients with testaments and tracts. They, seeing me, stopped to urge - me, since I was so soon to meet my Creator, to turn from my evil ways - while there was yet time, and to read the instructive words with which - they burdened my couch. One of my friends afterwards said, though I - cannot vouch for the truth of the story, that I had only strength - enough to reply, 'Go to blazes.' However, I grew better slowly, was - sent North on a stretcher, and put to bed in Barton Square, where my - dear mother nursed me back to life. Some months after, when the war - had closed, I went into business on Kilby street, Boston. One day - there came into my office a well remembered soldier who proved to be - the captain of the left company. He gave the military salute, and - remarked, 'Colonel, I have come to report what I found on the left.' - It seems that coming upon a secession picket, they had captured him, - taken his weapons with most of his clothes, and persuaded him to - go through a course of southern prisons from which he had only just - returned." - -Of the 19th, Lieutenant Dusseault has this to say, "The fight was -resumed. The rebels found a gap on our right and came through, thus -flanking us again. Our artillery opened on them as they were between -us and artillery, and the shells did us as much harm as they did the -enemy. The men of both sides were now pretty well mixed up in the -woods. Whichever squad was the larger would capture the other. This day -our Regiment was in the worst part of the line and suffered more than -any other, unless it was the Sixteenth Maine, which was captured almost -to a man." - -In a paper read before the Massachusetts Military Historical Society, -December 13, 1880, Captain Charles H. Porter says of this day:-- - - "The morning opened dull and rainy, with the troops in good spirits. - No changes were made. The troops of their own accord strengthened the - field works, making them quite strong. Nothing happened until about - 3 a. m., when the enemy showed considerable activity, the pickets - firing and showing quite a bold front. General Lee, determining to - drive us from the road sends two divisions under Heth and Mahone. The - former has four brigades with eight pieces of artillery from Pegram's - battalion. Six of the pieces are west of the railroad and two are - east of the same. Mahone has Weisiger's, Colquitt's and a part of - Clingman's brigades. Mahone has discovered that the right of the Fifth - Corps does not connect with anything. The Ninth Corps, which has been - ordered to fill the gap, has not yet reached its destination though - it is two o'clock p. m. Doubtless the extremely wet day prevented the - prompt arrival of the reinforcement. Our troops, finding everything - quiet and not expecting an attack, disposed of themselves in every - way, trying to keep as dry as possible, little thinking of the fate - in store for them. Four o'clock was the hour agreed upon by Heth and - Mahone, as the time when the flanking column should be in position and - almost to the minute, Mahone's troops reached our skirmish line and - drove it in. Then turning in the thick woods to the west, they moved - in column directly upon the exposed right flank of the Federals. This - exposed flank had been a subject of anxiety to General Warren, and he - had issued orders accordingly. - -[Sidenote: AUG. 19, '64] - - "While the Third Division was passing a quiet afternoon, the officers - at headquarters were informed that Heth was attacking vigorously in - front, this being principally against the Second Division. Our Third - Division is still undisturbed. The butchers of the division are - slaughtering cattle when the pickets of the Ninth Corps come tumbling - in, saying that the enemy is advancing upon them. The woods are so - very dense that nothing can be seen through them. Not even General - Warren, himself, can discern anything. When, however, a line of men is - discovered approaching, Warren is so sure that they are the delayed - Ninth Corps contingent, he will not allow artillery to open on them, a - very serious error on his part, for they are soon discovered to be a - portion of the flanking Confederates, and that a considerable part of - them is between our artillery and the Third Division. Our artillerists - spring to their guns at once and open a rapid fire upon them. How does - this act bear upon our Third Division, where the Thirty-ninth Regiment - is? The very first intimation that Crawford's men have that all is - not well with them, is the bursting of spherical case from the rear, - in their midst. They are aware that the artillery is massed behind - them, and they realize that something must have happened to bring - such firing from their own comrades. Now, the firing in front from - Heth and his men begins again, and our pickets are again attacked. It - becomes necessary to seek protection from our own thirty guns. The - men spring over the breastworks and hold them in reverse, thinking - the pickets able to check the attack in front, and that their chief - danger is from the rear. The suspense is soon broken when a line of - confederate infantry comes rushing in upon them. All is now confusion. - Without leaders, the men are completely demoralized. In the dark and - dismal woods, dismayed by the fire from our own guns, the men make - but a short resistance and this flanking column under Mahone captures - nearly two brigades of the Third Division. The attack of Heth in - front continues, adding to the confusion, but the rapid firing of our - artillery convinces the enemy that there is nothing more for them in - that direction, so they content themselves with the 2700 prisoners, - whom they have swept almost entirely from the Third Division, and move - up the Halifax road with more captives than they themselves number. - As they thus move away the captured men narrowly escape the fire of - Mahone's two cannon stationed on the east side of the railroad; the - gunners think so large an array of men in blue must be an attacking - party, but the condition is disclosed soon enough to prevent the - possible slaughter. - - "Such men of the Third Division as have not been captured, seek safety - in every direction, each man for himself. Dodging behind trees, - now east, now west, some of the wrecked body of men get the true - direction and come out at the edge of the clearing, looking towards - our artillery. Here they behold a welcome sight. It is an advancing - line of the Ninth Corps, responding to the evident need. It is the - First Division of the Ninth Corps, composed largely of Massachusetts - men, and they are friends indeed. We know that, having the situation - well in hand, the position will be regained and the railroad held. The - remnants of the Third Division are finally rallied near the Dunlock - House. Picture, if you can, one little knot gathered together, about - twenty-five in number, all that, at this time, can be assembled of a - regiment that yesterday carried three hundred and fifty muskets into - the first day's fight, whose commander was most grievously wounded on - that day. They are soon marshaled to occupy, as far as they can, their - old line of works. Very few sleep any during the night, as the weary - hours roll on, and it seems as though daylight would never come to - bring relief to the dread hanging over the command through the night. - Mahone and his men retire to their defenses with feelings quite the - reverse of those of their opponents and the 'Little Gamecock of the - Confederacy' fully merits his appellation as he turns over his plunder - to General Lee." - -An excellent personal story of the second day is told by Sergt. George -E. Fowle, Company K, whose experience quite likely was similar to that -of nearly all the men of the Regiment who succeeded in getting out of -the confusion, free: - -[Sidenote: AUG. 19. '64] - - "I was acting First Sergeant of Company K. Corporal S. A. McFeeley - was my bunkmate, and was one of the color guard. We were stationed - in the woods on the right of the railroad, where the rebels made - vigorous demonstrations on our front while a large force turned our - right flank. Our artillery was firing solid shot over our heads when - the enemy broke through and came between us and our cannon. The guns - were immediately depressed to reach the confederates and the shots - coming through them and reaching us were the first intimation we had - of anything wrong. McFeeley was sent back to stop the artillery and - was captured. The line was doubled up as the enemy came down on our - flank. I started back with the rest and came across a canteen with the - string cut; picking it up, I took a drink and filled my own canteen, - but when this was done I found myself alone, but I followed along in - the direction which the others had gone. I came to a cart path, where - I saw some of our men with a few Johnnies on the other side of the - path. The bushes separating us were so thick and low that I had to - spread them apart with my hands to get through, and when I did and - straightened up, with my gun in my hand, I found myself looking into - a rebel gun barrel, held by a Johnnie who was standing by the side of - an officer, whom I took to be a colonel. I was told to throw down the - gun, which I did and walked across the road where the officer took me - by the shoulder and turned me around, saying, 'Get into the ranks, - and we'll take good care of you.' There were so many prisoners that - we were in all sorts of position, one, two and three deep. The man - nearest me wanted to know where the Maryland Brigade was located. - - "I unhitched my knapsack and turned around to see if anybody was - looking, and gave it a throw into the bushes. As I did so, I saw Joe - Adams, the National color bearer, come out into the road, look up and - down the same, and then he raised the colors over his head and threw - them into the wheel-ruts, there happened to be a break in the guards - near him. I threw off my scabbard and cut the strap which held my - cartridge box. We were nearing the railroad tracks, where the rebels - turned and marched up towards Petersburg. When I saw a good chance I - jumped into the bushes and soon heard someone behind me, and turning - saw Joe, Adams and another man. All this time we were getting more or - less missiles from our own guns; the solid shot had been changed to - shells and we were troubled quite as much as the confederates. We soon - encountered a rebel with a gun in his hand, just as a shell exploded - near our heads. To Adams' query as to where was the direction of the - rebel rear, he replied, 'I'll be d--d if I know.' At this, I left them - to see what I could do for myself in finding our own breastworks. In a - short time I came across a lieutenant of the Sixteenth Maine, who was - behind a tree, whereupon I found a tree also, but I didn't stop long, - since I was not gaining ground. We could see the prisoners and the - guard and occasionally a rebel would come our way. - - "I started back towards our works, but on arriving found no one there, - so I sallied forth to where the right of the Regiment had been. Going - some distance beyond where our right was, I saw some troops mount - the breastworks. At first I couldn't make out who they were, blue or - gray, but, stooping down, I found them to be our men, and I recognized - Corporal Abijah Thompson, who beckoned me to come up his way. The - ground was covered with muskets, which had been thrown down when the - boys were captured. Colonel Wheelock of the Ninety-seventh New York, - then commanding his brigade, was up on the right, and seeing the - movement, he put his men in front of the works and charged out upon - the enemy, capturing everything in sight, Yank and Reb, including the - Colonel, who was going to take good care of me, a stand of confederate - colors and, best of all, our own which Adams had thrown down.[Q] The - state colors borne by Serg. William A. Mentzer of "A" were brought in - safely by him, though by great effort. - - "On getting out of the woods into the field, there stood the First - Division of the Ninth Corps in line; I ran down and told General White - that the rebels had got our Brigade, and that they were on the road - in there, not ten rods from where he sat on his horse, and he could - get them all if he went in. The General turned around and said to one - of his staff, 'They have got the road we came down.' He was waiting - for orders from General Warren. It had been raining and I didn't - know whether the gun that I had picked up would go off or not, so I - pointed the muzzle towards the ground and fired. Whereupon the General - said, 'Don't you know any better than that?' I went back to the line, - borrowed some cartridges and caps and loaded the gun, when Colonel - Lyle and the remnant of the Brigade came out of the bushes. His - command resembled a color guard. A staff officer soon ordered me back - into the breastworks. I picked up a sergeant's knapsack and soon made - a set of sergeant's chevrons. Our company made two stacks of guns that - night, and I put my gun across the stacks, and was in command of the - company. Lieutenant Tidd and twenty-seven men of Company K were taken - prisoners. Our captain was sick and had been taken to the hospital." - -[Sidenote: AUG. 20, '64] - -Of Saturday, the 20th, Captain Porter remarks that it opened quite -pleasantly and that the sunlight, struggling through the clouds, was -cheering to the lonely feeling troops of the Third Division, those -that remained in line. The Ninth Corps had made a complete connection -with the right of our division and further danger in this direction -was obviated. This day the engineers of the Fifth Corps marked out a -new line of works to be occupied in the open, just in advance of the -Dunlock House, about three hundred yards north from the Six Mile House. -This line ran near the woods in which so great disaster had befallen -our troops. Our Third division occupied ground to the right, east of -the railroad, which still divided the forces of the Second Division. -The breastworks were heavily made and were quite impracticable for -an assault in front. The lines of the Fifth and Ninth Corps were -continuations of each other. All lines in advance of this new one were -abandoned in the afternoon and evening of the 20th. While there was -hard work in the trenches there was no engagement with the enemy. The -latter had by no means given up the recovery of the railroad and was -making plans for the morrow. The juncture of the Fifth and Ninth Corps, -leaving no aperture in that direction, his attention was necessarily -drawn towards the left. It was said that General Roger A. Pryor of -Virginia, conspicuous in ante-bellum days, by his altercation with John -F. Potter, a fellow Congressman from Wisconsin, who named bowie knives -as duelling weapons, having retired from active army service, in his -capacity of independent scout, had climbed a tree and from this outlook -discovered, as he thought, the vulnerableness of the Union left. -Hastening to impart his discovery to General Mahone, the latter made -plans for an attack on the 21st. With the details of this unsuccessful -effort to repeat the tactics of the 19th, we have no especial concern, -except to state that this time, Mahone carried back no prisoners and -reported no victory. Ayers and his First Division were quite ready to -receive callers. - -Of this campaign of four days, General Warren says, "The heat of the -first day (18th) was excessive, and on the march many fell out who -are here reported among the missing, but who will soon rejoin us. -About fifty were completely prostrated by sunstroke. The men were -kept working night and day, and every day were wet through with the -rains. The side roads and fields were almost impassable for artillery." -However much the Confederates may have lamented the loss of the Weldon -Railroad as a supply source, and to them it was a grievous one, the -conditions brought about by these terrible battle days in August -remained unchanged to the end. Grant was taking no backward steps and -with the grip of a bulldog, whatever he grasped, he held. - -[Sidenote: AUG. 22, '64] - -The losses met by the Thirty-ninth were frightful. May 4th, when -the Regiment crossed the Rapidan there were five hundred and thirty -men in the ranks, fully twice the number in any other two regiments -in the Brigade. Since then we had received from the Twelfth and -Thirteenth Regiments two hundred and twenty-eight transfers, bringing -the aggregate to nearly eight hundred men, yet so severe had been the -tests of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania and the attacks on Petersburg, -including this most recent calamity on the Weldon Railroad, on the -morning of August 22d only one hundred and two enlisted men and nine -officers reported for duty. Of course, some would eventually report -from the missing, which included not alone prisoners and wounded, -but stragglers as well, still the fact remained that the swoop that -Malone made upon the First Brigade on that August afternoon came near -finishing it. Colonel Peirson was seriously wounded and in hospital; -Major Tremlett was away on detached service; Captain F. R. Kinsley -was a prisoner in the hands of the enemy and the command devolved -upon Captain George S. Nelson of Company A. We have already seen that -Company K stacked nine muskets, under command of a sergeant, the night -of the 19th; ten men were reported left in Company C, and "E" Company -had only seven or eight of the original number. Terrible are the -ravages of war. - -The several army corps along the southside of Petersburg are hereafter -to gradually strengthen the lines already established, to build new -forts and to place the Weldon Railroad in a condition that even its -recovery would in no way profit the Confederacy, since the impoverished -condition of the latter would be quite incapable of putting it into -a running condition. Colonel T. F. McCoy of the Hundred and Seventh -Pennsylvania, commanding the Brigade after the retirement of Colonel -Lyle, accounts for the procedure of the First Brigade during these -days. He says that the dead were buried on the 22d. On the 23rd the -division under General Crawford engaged in destroying the railroad from -the Yellow House in the direction of Petersburg, the First Brigade, -however, acting as a reserve to protect the working parties. The 24th, -what was left of the brigade rested quietly in camp. The 25th brought -orders to change camps, in doing which, however, other orders were -received to prepare for action, and the column immediately took up -the line of march towards Reams' Station, where the Second Corps was -heavily engaged with a large force of the enemy. It was at this point -that Colonel Peter Lyle, Ninetieth Pennsylvania, who had commanded -the Brigade so long, on account of severe illness, was obliged to -relinquish his command. Colonel McCoy,[R] succeeding, marched the -Brigade to the Yellow House, where he received orders from General -Crawford to report with his command to General Bragg, which he did, -and proceeded in the direction of Reams, but after marching about one -mile he was ordered to countermarch and encamp for the night. Next -day, 26th, camp was again changed and the men were ordered to throw up -works, southeast of the Yellow House. - -[Sidenote: SEPT. 2, '64] - -The digging that the Fifth Corps did in the vicinity of the Yellow -House became a part of the system of fortifications that were gradually -extended to Fort Fisher, the extreme western fort, where there was -a turn or refusal of the line to the southward, lest the favorite -maneuver of the rebels might be tried on the Union left. Day and night, -the work progressed, every day strengthening the coils which Grant and -Meade were casting about the doomed city, and every one knew that the -fall of Petersburg meant the end of Richmond also. A deal of ammunition -was wasted in the bombardment of Petersburg, yet it had to be kept up, -or the enemy would have thought the Yankees quite inefficient. They -grew almost indifferent to the missiles from the Union guns and fifty -years later they will tell of the tons of ammunition that were wasted -upon them and their city. The "Petersburg Express"[S] located near the -Friend House, and manned by the First Connecticut Heavy Artillery, -failed not in its two hundred pound compliments for weeks and months -and in the Twentieth Century the mortar itself will form a principal -part of the regimental monument in Hartford. Somehow there is more real -fighting over on the other side of the James where the Tenth Corps is -located and the enemy cannot dispossess themselves of the impression -that the Yankees really mean to get into Richmond that way. - -By the last of the month, matters have resolved themselves into a long -steady round of fatigue and picket duty to the music of artillery -along the entire line, the attitude of the opposing guardsmen on duty -depending entirely on the agreements that they may have made with -each other. September 2d, General D. McM. Gregg, supported by General -Crawford's (Third) Division of the Fifth Corps started out on an errand -of some sort up the Vaughn road, towards the Plank Road and Petersburg; -in other words it was a case of marching up the hill and then marching -down again, for finding the enemy strongly entrenched, the entire force -returned to camp. This day also the foe forgot the tacit agreement of -friendliness and opened up a fire of musketry along the entire line, -killing a large number of men and effectually ending amicable relations -for some time. - -While the fact of the occupation of Atlanta by the Union forces had -been understood as early as the 2d, no official notice of the success -was taken until the 4th, Sunday, when one hundred shotted guns were -fired from extreme right to the furthest left, the celebration lasting -about an hour, the enemy thinking it so queer a way of observing the -Lord's day that they, too, opened their batteries and added to the -din, arising from their own misfortune. "Westward Ho!" is evidently -still the watchword of our commander, for every effort is made to -strengthen the extreme left, and both sides watch out with the utmost -alertness. For the sake of rearranging a portion of our line of works -it became necessary to gain possession of the rebel rifle pits at -"The Chimneys," on the Jerusalem Plank Road, and General Mott, with a -backing from the Second Corps, was directed to accomplish the task, -this on the night of the 9th of September. The duty was done at the -point of the bayonet and the works were immediately reversed, the same -becoming of great advantage to the new possessors, General Walker of -the Second Corps pronouncing the operation one of the most creditable -in the entire siege. Of course, the foe did not let go without protest, -and subsequent nights were rendered lurid by his efforts to regain the -lost ground, but to no avail. - -[Sidenote: SEPT. 16, '64] - -The thoroughness with which the campaign is advancing appears on -Sunday, the 11th, when an engine is run over the newly laid railroad -from City Point to the Weldon road at Yellow House. The Confederates -are running trains to Stony Creek, twelve miles south of Reams; and the -remainder of the distance, around the Union left into Petersburg, is -effected by wagon, pretty slow and vexatious work! The firing along the -picket line, annoying and useless, had become very obnoxious to General -Birney of the Tenth Corps at the Union right, and to give the enemy -something to think about opened a heavy fire on the works in his front -and on Petersburg itself. The enemy also played during the afternoon on -certain signal towers along the front of the Eighteenth Corps. A very -tranquil evening followed this ebulition. Perhaps no event of the week -gave the Confederates so much pleasure as their success in surprising a -couple of cavalry regiments in charge of a large number of beef cattle, -some 2500 in number, near Coggin's Point on the James River and running -the vast herd into their lines and taking with them the careless -guards. While the rebels were thus supplying their commissariat, -others of their number made an attack on the entire skirmish line of -the Fifth Corps and capture nearly a hundred of the men. On the 16th, -the Second Brigade was assigned to forts on the left of the line, the -Thirty-ninth being ordered to Fort Duchesne. Camp was pitched just -outside the fort, along with the One Hundred and Fourth New York the -Eleventh, Forty-eighth and Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania, all under the -command of Colonel Richard Coulter of the last named regiment. The 19th -was enlivened by telegraphic news of Sheridan's victory near Winchester -where Early was sent "Whirling up the Valley," followed by salvos of -artillery in honor thereof. On the 28th, the paymaster left six months' -pay. - -Ten days later, Thursday, the 29th, was a counterpart to a deal of -activity on the Union right, when business was actually suspended in -Richmond through fear that an assault was imminent; a column consisting -of Gregg's cavalry, supported by two infantry brigades, set out -towards the Poplar Springs Church road, beyond the Vaughan turnpike, -advancing about two miles. On their return, they were attacked by -Hampton's cavalry, the force that had stolen the cattle-herd, and a -brisk encounter followed. Friday, the 30th, extending into Saturday, -took place the battle of Peebles' farm between certain portions of the -Fifth and Ninth Corps and the Confederates, General Grant having in -mind a movement towards the Southside Railroad, expecting thus to still -further cripple the cities of Petersburg and Richmond, the result being -a considerable advance westward of the Union left. While all of this -commotion was taking place, the Thirty-ninth Regiment moved into the -fort, remaining there until the 16th of October, when it came out and -took a position on the Weldon Railroad half a mile in front of Fort -Duchesne, and a mile from the Globe Tavern or Yellow House. - -So far as our Regiment is concerned, affairs are very quiet, though the -extended Union line towards the west affords opportunity for constant -work, day and night, for every man, and the number in the Thirty-ninth -is not very great, so large a portion of the survivors of the Regiment -being involuntary boarders in the Confederacy. The fact that less than -eleven months remain of the service for which the men enlisted causes -not a few remarks as to the gradual approach of the day of release, -though all must know that the future holds many possibilities of -battles and other exposure. Ignorance in this case is surely bliss. -The first third of October covers considerable activity on the Union -right, where Darbytown Road wins a place in battle lists, and the -cooler nights indicate the approach of another winter with its peculiar -exactions. The first frost comes on the night of the 9th-10th. From the -8th to the 11th all sorts of firing have been common in the vicinity -of Sedgwick or "Fort Hell" in local parlance, on the last named night -the pyrotechny being especially brilliant, a Richmond paper stating -that it was the heaviest mortar shelling of the siege, "The heavens -being ablaze with brilliant meteors, ascending, descending and shooting -athwart the horizon in almost countless numbers and unsurpassed beauty." - -[Sidenote: OCT. 26, '64] - -During these early October days, General S. W. Crawford is in command -of the Fifth Corps and with it, accompanying the Ninth Corps, a -reconnoisance in force is made on the 8th towards the Union left, -possibly with an idea of extending our works even beyond Fort McRae. -After a day of hard marching and constant skirmishing the troops -returned, wearied enough, to their starting point; but General Grant is -not satisfied, even yet, that he cannot reach the Southside Railroad. -A little past the middle of the month, or on the 19th, comes the most -unqualified report of victory in the Shenandoah Valley that the country -has yet heard. It is the story of Cedar Creek, fought on the 19th, when -differing from the dispatches after Winchester, just a month before, -where Early was sent "whirling up the valley"; so nearly annihilated -is the rebel army, it would be a very stiff breeze which could find -anything left to whirl. The activities for this month, as far as the -Fifth Corps is concerned, terminated with the joint move, on the 26th, -of the Second, Fifth and Ninth Corps along with Gregg's Cavalry against -the Southside Railroad, known as the Boydton Plank Road, some distance -east of the railroad. Very full and explicit instructions had been -issued to the designated troops, and the utmost care had been taken to -insure the safety of the entrenchments during the movement. The Fifth -Corps, or that part of it in the project, marched out on the Squirrel -Level Road, in a southwesterly direction towards Hatcher's Run, a small -stream rising near Sutherland Station on the Southside Road and flowing -southeastwardly into Rowanty Creek, a tributary of the Nottoway River. -The Lieutenant General was determined to leave no stone unturned to -secure the longed-for source of Petersburg's supplies. The country -itself revealed many of the Wilderness characteristics, there being no -roads and no chances to move artillery. In this confusion, the right of -the Second Corps, furthest west, was lost to the Fifth Corps, a fact -which enabled the enemy to get in between the two corps and capture a -considerable number of men, the Second Corps suffering more than the -Fifth, one whole regiment being run in. The mix-up was not unlike that -of the 18th of August, for rain set in and ammunition was scarce, our -leaders were ignorant of the lay of the land which the enemy seemed to -know perfectly; so the left flank movement ended with the return of the -troops to their former positions. On this same 26th the Thirty-ninth -moved to the left and garrisoned Fort Canahey. - -A very good story of give and take is recorded of this week; at dusk -in the evening of Thursday, the 27th, one hundred volunteers of the -One Hundred and Forty-eighth Pennsylvania attacked the fort of the -enemy which succeeded that blown up on the 30th of July, climbed the -parapet, drove the occupants out and, for a brief period, were masters -of the situation, this being a plan to hold the attention of the -Confederates while the assault was progressing further to left, but the -enemy rallying quickly drove the Federal force back with considerable -loss on both sides. In return, Sunday night, the 30th, at about ten -o'clock, the rebels "relieved the pickets" in front of Fort Davis where -the Sixty-ninth and One Hundred and Eleventh New York were on picket -duty, and managed to capture nearly four hundred men. So delighted were -the Confederates with their success they proceeded to throw a strong -column against the works which had been uncovered by the capture of the -pickets, but the alarm had been given and the triumphant men in gray -were met with a fire of musketry that sent them back in a hurry and, -for a time, there was a merry firing bee along the entire line. For the -nonce, honors between blue and gray were easy and regular, expected -shooting was resumed. - -Another and the last November for the Thirty-ninth begins and finds -the remnant of the Regiment doing garrison duty under the command of -Captain Nelson of Company A, and comparative quiet reigning along the -extended battle line, now reaching from the north side of the James -more than twenty miles to Hatcher's Run. Lieutenant Colonel Tremlett, -so long absent from the Regiment, returns on Friday, the 4th, relieving -Captain Nelson, who has led the organization since the capture of Major -F. R. Kinsley at the Weldon Railroad. Barring considerable excitement -on the 5th, near "Fort Hell," where lines were captured by the enemy -and reversed only to be re-taken and restored, day and night fully -sustaining the reputation of the locality, and efforts of like nature -in front of Fort Steadman on the 9th, the game of life and death was -played without special emphasis--just the steady, constant watchfulness -of thousands of men unwilling to allow any act of their adversary to -pass unnoticed. Tuesday, the 8th of November, brings the presidential -election, and the triumphant re-election of Lincoln, all soldiers -having the privilege of voting, a singular illustration of ways in -a republic where, in becoming a soldier the man does not lose his -citizenship. - -[Sidenote: NOV. 24, '64] - -The 24th was Thanksgiving Day in New England and many a prayer was -offered for the men at the front and many expressions of love and -recollection were speeded southward for the delectation of absent -ones. Nearly thirty tons of turkeys were said to have been sent from -the North to the armies, and this vast amount of food, accompanied -by all sorts of other meats and luxuries, must have gone far towards -furnishing forth at least one good old-fashioned dinner for many -thousands of men. As a sort of godsend to the enemy, possibly that -they, too, might be thankful, on the 19th, some forty or fifty head -of cattle, escaping from our corrals, made for the Confederate works -where they were received as enemies, yet later found a thoroughly warm -reception. On the 26th, the Ninetieth Pennsylvania, having reached -the end of its term of enlistment, started for Philadelphia. It had -been in the same division with the Thirty-ninth from the time of our -joining the First Corps and, for the larger part of the period, in -the same brigade. Its good qualities we had learned to appreciate. -An outgrowth of the Second Regiment, Pennsylvania militia, it had -served, under Colonel Lyle,[T] in the Three Months' call and, again, -for three years. Recruits and re-enlisted men were transferred to the -Eleventh Pennsylvania and all that were left of the originals were -off for home. Towards the end of the month summaries were prepared of -the losses sustained by the Army of the Potomac in the campaign so -relentlessly waged and, according to Surgeon Thos. A. McParlin, Medical -Director of the Army of the Potomac, from May 3rd to October 31st, -the number of wounded amounted to 57,496, exclusive of the Eighteenth -Corps while serving in this army, and he does not include the Ninth -Corps at the Wilderness and at Spottsylvania Court House. According to -data prepared by General Warren the killed and wounded in the Fifth -Corps, during this same period, amounted to more than eleven thousand. -The precautions taken to preserve life, and at the same time offering -readiness to receive as well as make attacks, taxed the highest talents -and ingenuity of engineers and soldiers. To the right and left, as far -as the eye could reach, were earthworks of the strongest character, -though few cared to take the risk of prolonged observations. There were -corduroy roads underground and covered ways of heavy trunks of trees -under four or five feet of earth to prevent shells from reaching those -beneath. Few men cared to be for any considerable time in these safety -holes, the monotony and closeness being terrible. - -[Sidenote: DEC. 1, '64] - -Though the Army of the Potomac is nominally in winter quarters, this in -no way prevents changes of location, the organization of raids and a -degree of activity hitherto unknown among the veterans of one or more -winter's experience, who are carefully watching rebels while, at the -same time, keeping a careful reckoning on the time intervening before -their muster-out. December comes in with a salute to the effect that -it is the last one the Regiment will see in the field. On Thursday, -the 1st, General Gregg leads a cavalry raid down the Weldon Railroad, -starting before daylight, riding as far as Stony Creek, twenty-two -miles below Petersburg, for the sake of destroying whatever stores -may be collected there and to destroy also whatever advance may have -been made in a proposed railroad connection between Stony Creek, the -present terminus of the Weldon Railroad, and the Southside Road through -a new track, laid down by way of the Dinwiddie and the Boydton Roads. -With considerable adventure, this was successfully done and with a -forty mile's ride, not to mention the fighting, to their credit, the -expedition was back again at 11 p. m. - -The early part of the month saw the return of the Sixth Army Corps -from its experiences in the valley, and with the garlands of victory -fresh upon it, the corps took its place along the Petersburg line. In -July, when the Sixth started for Baltimore and Washington, the Union -front extended only a little further than the Jerusalem Plank Road; now -it is prolonged to Hatcher's Run, and every foot of the prolongation -has cost effort and blood; eight miles of new frontage dearly won. -Into this battle line Sheridan's "Foot Cavalry" settles as naturally -as though it has been away only a day or two on a casual raid. What -is left of Early's force has been back with Lee several weeks. Not -satisfied with the cavalry demonstration of the 1st, General Warren -is ordered to conduct a more formidable array on the 7th to the same -region. The troops, Fifth Corps, Mott's Division of the Second Corps -and a division of cavalry under Gregg, above 20,000 in number with -twenty-two pieces of artillery, have been massed on both sides of -the Jerusalem Road and after a cold night, in the face of a severe -rain, are off. On the Nottoway River, they come to where Freeman's -Bridge was formerly, twenty miles from Petersburg, and they cross -the stream on a pontoon bridge. Next day (8th) the march southward is -continued and at Jarratt's Station where the Weldon Railroad crosses -the Nottoway, thirty miles from Petersburg, they burn the bridge, two -hundred feet long, crossing the river. The railroad track is torn up -in the effectual manner characteristic of the times and Thursday night -is spent here. Friday (9th) the work of destruction continues down to -Bellfield, twelve miles further along. Of course there is skirmishing -with the enemy constantly, but he is not here in sufficient force to -offer substantial resistance. The troops bivouac for the night at Three -Creek, three miles this side of Bellfield. All the time the weather has -been wretched, the constant rain rendering the roads almost impassable -and, to crown all, this night (Friday) come snow and hail to add to -the general discomfort. Saturday (10th) the expedition faces towards -Petersburg, burning on the way back the buildings at Sussex Court House -in retaliation, so said, for the shooting of some of our stragglers and -here the army bivouacs; resuming the backward route the Nottoway was -reached in the evening of the 11th and, on the 12th, the old quarters -are struck by a very tired body of men; the net results being a march -fifty miles long, three railroad bridges destroyed, fifteen miles of -railroad track torn up and bent out of shape and a county court house -burned. - -[Sidenote: DEC. 10, '64] - -No mention is made in the official report of the quantity of apple-jack -which the curiously inclined Yankees sought and found and, to their -own harm, imbibed. The section had not been overrun before, and -consequently better stored farm houses were found than the men had -been seeing of late and, notwithstanding the rigors of the campaign, -possibly on account of them, they made merry with the seductive -liquids made from innocent cider. The story was long current that -one man, outside of fully three fingers of the booze, and growing -correspondingly free with the dignitaries, slapped General Warren -familiarly on the back, calling him "The little Corporal," a term -which ever afterwards clung to the soldier himself. Canteens of the -fiery stuff were carried back to camp for the benefit (?) of those who -did not go. Had the weather been more propitious, it is possible that -the expedition would have gone on twenty miles further to Weldon, on -the Roanoke. - -In the foregoing episode, the Thirty-ninth bore its part, having -moved back to the rear line on the 5th and, at the start, taking the -advance of the infantry. Just before reaching Halifax Road, the 8th, -on indications of trouble ahead the Regiment was deployed and sent -forward as skirmishers to hold the road. Having established a line of -pickets, the Thirty-ninth stood by to guard the road while the main -column passed on. Shortly after dark we followed the troops, overtaking -them near Jarratt's Station, and there we took a hand in destroying the -railroad. On the 9th we had a place at the extreme left of the corps, -and picketed the front of the brigade, which was doing its best to -make the road a hard one for the rebels to travel. At 6 p. m. we were -withdrawn to Cross Roads, above Bellfield, one half going on picket, -the other half into camp with the Brigade. In the movement backward, -beginning on the 10th, we fetched up the rear and thus enjoyed frequent -tilts with the close following cavalry of the enemy who, in spite -of our best efforts, managed to capture any who straggled, in the -number, our Regiment losing four men. On the 11th, starting before -daylight, we crossed the Nottaway at four o'clock in the afternoon and -at nine halted for the night. On the 12th, we were back again before -Petersburg, having marched twelve miles. Encamping near the Jerusalem -Plank Road, we were ordered to build huts for the winter and, following -a week's work, we moved into our new quarters where, for about a month, -we had almost easy times. At any rate we were not right under the -fire of the enemy all of the time. We had to turn out at intervals on -account of real or fancied dangers; drill and fatigue duties had their -part and there were the regular details for guard and picket. Once we -served as guard for a wagon train which went outside for bricks and -boards, securing the same from a deserted house some five miles away. - -It must be understood that absolute quiet in front of Petersburg was -out of the question. The extended works were like a mammoth keyboard -for an organ, whose dimensions transcended imagination and, seated -thereat, all the gods and goddesses of War played music that rivaled -the thunderbolts of Jove, now the low mutterings of distant lightning, -anon rising to the fierce reverberations of an equinoxial as when, on -the 19th of December, doubly shotted guns told the joy of the Union -that Thomas had annihilated Hood at Nashville or, on the 26th, when -Mars himself seemed to press those keys in token of the termination -of the March to The Sea and that Savannah had fallen. Always catching -up the refrain, the unterrified rebels, aided by their own warlike -deities, hurled it back upon us, sometimes like an echo, immeasurable -augmented, till veritably it seemed that the opposing lines, stretching -away beyond human sight, could not have evoked a greater riot of sound -had they been exits of Aetna and Stromboli. A topmost gallery seat in -this magnificent theatre of war afforded, in the very mildest passages -of Freedom's Oratorio, all the sound, melodious or otherwise, that the -average human ear could appreciate. - -[Sidenote: DEC. 25, '64] - -Christmas brought nothing more notable than a beautiful day, which in -the midst of a cheerless winter was not unwelcomed, but there were -none of the festivities which untold generations have developed as -essential features of the coming of the Prince of Peace and, for that -matter, what propriety could there be in observing the advent of the -Christ Child in an army, yet the world is full of just such anomalies. -As December nears its end and dies with the old year, careful observers -scan the retrospect, and in the deeds of Grant, Sherman, Thomas -and Sheridan, behold the utmost encouragement. Grierson, with his -cavalry marching from Tennessee to Louisiana, has discovered the -Confederacy to be a "shell with nothing in it." With Grant holding Lee -in his relentless clutches at Petersburg, Thomas looking about for -the scattered remnants of Hood's Army, Price driven out of Missouri, -Sheridan, at the head of his troopers, ready to vault into the -saddle, and Sherman turning his face towards Augusta and Charleston, -seemingly the "last ditch" is very, very near. Yet, that the enemy -is not disposed to yield till forced to do so, on the very last day -of the year, when "Happy New Year" is already ready for utterance by -millions of happy voices, the Union picket line, in the region of Forts -Wadsworth and Howard is surprised by a party of the enemy who charging -furiously, yelling and firing rapidly, drive our men back into their -main works with hardly a chance to exchange a shot. We lose two killed, -three wounded and thirty-five captured, and the Johnnies took back with -them the blankets, knapsacks and whatever other belongings they could -find. So alert and swift were the rebels, so well had they planned -their attack that they were out of range before the men in the forts -could return their compliments. So ends the year. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[N] It is claimed that the body of Colonel Davis was carried from the -field by Corp. S. H. Mitchell, "A"; Corp. B. F. Prescott and W. S. -Sumner, both of "H"; and Sergt. L. A. Spooner of Company I. - -[O] November 14, 1911, when visiting the Robert E. Lee Home for -Confederate Veterans in Richmond, John Maxwell, an ex-confederate, -whose later days were passing in this congenial harborage, was -introduced and requested to tell the Northern visitors how he blew up -the Yankees. Nothing loth, the veteran in gray, holding in his hands -the works of an alarm clock, told the story of his sneaking into -the Union lines and, when opportunity offered, placing his infernal -machine, with his time-wheel for explosion properly set, where it -would do the most execution and then hastening away. His auditors, -so recently from the dedication of a Massachusetts monument on the -edge of the Crater, recalling an even greater explosion, were hardly -in position to find any great amount of fault with his act, since -"Sauce for the goose is also sauce for the gander." "Where were you, -Johnnie, when the thing went off?" was a natural question from one of -the hearers. "Oh, I was two miles away, making the best time possible -towards the Confederacy." (Vid. R. R. Serial No. 87. p. 954). - -[P] When the rails, thus heated, were grasped at their ends by several -stalwart men and carried so that the red hot middle might hit a -good-sized tree, the extended iron would be bent almost double. The two -ends being somewhat divergent; four rails thus carried and thus applied -and symmetrically placed about a tree made a very good Maltese Cross, -the badge of the Fifth Corps and other army corps were wont to say -when, as at the North Anna, they saw many tokens of this sort, "Well, -the Fifth Corps has been here." - A. S. R. - -[Q] At the last reunion, attended by Sergeant McFeeley, he gave the -following version of the day's incident, stating that when the Union -batteries began to play on our lines, the commander of the color guard -sent him back to stop the firing and in so doing, he ran into the -rebel line. At once he tried to hide behind some bushes but a Johnnie -got his eye on him and ordered him to come out, which he did. Walking -along in the ranks, a prisoner, he saw a reb have a stand of colors -and, on account of the rain, they were done up in their case, which -he recognized as one that he had mended, and he also knew the staff -which had been scarred by battle as belonging, both of them, to the -Thirty-ninth. Naturally McFeeley kept as near the colors as possible -and their present holder, who was very happy over his proud possession, -though he had only picked them out of the rut where Adams had thrown -them. When Wheelock's relieving column came charging through, McFeeley -stepped up to the rebel and remarked that he guessed he would hold that -same flag awhile, thus saving the precious token from gracing some -Confederate collection of curios. - -[R] Colonel Thomas F. McCoy of Scotch-Irish lineage, was born in -Mifflin County, Penn., 1819. Having served seven years in the Militia, -President Polk made him a first lieutenant in the Eleventh U. S. -Infantry, when the Mexican War began. Participating in the principal -battles of that strife, he came home a captain. A lawyer when the -Rebellion began, he offered his services to Gov. Curtin and was made -deputy quartermaster general of the state. When Col. Thos. A. Zeigle -of the One Hundred and Seventh Penn. died July 16, '62, on the vote of -the line officers of the Regiment, he was made colonel. He had a part -in all of the varied service of the One Hundred and Seventh to the end -and went home a Brevet Brig. General. General Warren was particularly -warm in his appreciative remarks about the colonel. Going home to -Lewistown, Penn., he resumed the practice of law. Marrying May 22d, -'73, Miss Margaret E. Ross of Harrisburg, he led the life of respect -and responsibility, one of the most prominent citizens of his town, for -nearly half a century a ruling elder in the Presbyterian church and -died July 20, 1899. His son, Frank R., a West Pointer, an officer in -the Tenth U. S. Infantry, was wounded at San Juan, Cuba, and is now a -Captain on the General Staff, Washington. Ancestors of the Colonel were -in the Colonial Wars, members of Morgan's Riflemen in the Revolution; -were in the War of 1812, and through father and son, in every National -war since. - -[S] Many opinions exist as to what and where the Petersburg Express -was. Some even aver that it was a Confederate institution. General H. -L. Abbot, in his History of the First Connecticut Heavy Artillery, has -the following, "To check an annoying enfilade firing from the left bank -of the Appomattox, a thirteen inch sea coast mortar was mounted on a -curve of the Railroad track by Company G. This novelty was widely known -as the 'Petersburg Express.' The mortar, on a heavy granite foundation, -since Sept. 25, 1902, has stood upon the State House grounds, Hartford, -as a memorial to the First Heavies." - -[T] Peter Lyle, Colonel of the Ninetieth Pennsylvania, Bvt. Brig. -General, and for much of the service of the Thirty-ninth in the Fifth -Corps, commander of the Brigade, was born in Philadelphia, Christmas -Day, 1821. Receiving very little education from the schools, he was -apprenticed to the cigar trade while yet a boy. His marked boyish -predelection was love for military matters, and he drilled his boyish -associates, formed into a company, till they became noted for their -proficiency, accomplishing in their juvenile way wonders with their -broomstick guns. When only sixteen years of age, during the absence of -the officers, he commanded and paraded the City Phalanx. While still a -youth he organized an independent company which he commanded until it -was taken into the National Guards. In 1846 he succeeded to the command -of the company which before the war had increased to a battalion, -becoming a regiment in 1860 under the command of Colonel Lyle. His -organization had volunteered for service in the Mexican War but, the -quota being full, it did not go. At the outbreak of the Rebellion, the -Regiment, as the Nineteenth Pennsylvania, volunteered and so served for -three months. Reorganized in August, 1861, it was sworn in for three -years as the Ninetieth Regiment, still commanded by Colonel Lyle. He -never fully recovered from a wound received at Antietam. Subsequent to -the war he was elected sheriff in 1867, being a Democrat in politics, -serving a single term. Much that he had acquired during his term -was absorbed by an agricultural venture in Maryland which, failing -finally, he was thrown entirely upon the outcome of carriage making, a -business to which he gave immediate attention after the discharge of -the Regiment, his associate being his late Adjutant, David P. Weaver. -His last public appearance in a military capacity was during the riots -of 1877 when, though suffering agonies from bodily ills, he sat his -saddle and discharged his duties faithfully. Soon after he declined a -re-election to the command of the Regiment and died in Philadelphia, -July 17, 1879. His burial was attended with all the honors due a full -Brigadier General, his body having lain in state in the armory of his -Regiment that he had led so long and so well; it was buried in Ivy -Hill Cemetery by the side of his brother, David M. Lyle, the last -Chief Engineer of the Philadelphia Volunteer Fire Department. For the -foregoing facts we are indebted to Captain P. Lyle Weaver, a son of -Adjutant D. P. Weaver, himself a Philadelphia journalist.--A. S. R. - - - - -1865. - - -January, the month of good resolutions and merry greetings, finds the -opposing armies in front of Petersburg still grimly plying their guns -and wishing for the end of the war. In the campaign from the Rapidan -southward to the end of the year, Grant has lost in killed, wounded and -captured more men than Lee was reputed to have had under his command -when the fight began, yet the line in blue in front of the beleaguered -city is just as persistent, just as vigorous as when the siege was -started. While the exhaustless resources of the North are indicated by -Lincoln's call for a half million more soldiers and follows that with -a proposition to draft 300,000 more, Lee is writing the Confederate -Secretary of War, "There is nothing within reach of this army to be -impressed. The country is swept clear. Our only reliance is upon the -railroads. We have but two days' supplies." General B. F. Butler, after -the failure of the Fort Fisher attack has been relieved and sent home -to Lowell, and General Terry is organizing a new expedition against -the great fortification and ere the month is over his success will be -heralded the country over. In its snug cabins or huts, the Potomac Army -is gaining strength for the signal which will draw the men from their -repose and send them forward. The winter is unusually severe, but, -well clad and covered, the men in blue wot little of the sufferings of -their adversaries in gray who are passing through all of the anguish -which their fathers knew at Valley Forge. Of the Fifth Corps it need -be said only that it and its many regiments are writing letters home, -reading the matter sent them from those same homes, watching the foe -and looking toward the end. The end of the month was signalized by the -arrival of the so-called Peace Commission, consisting of Vice-President -Alexander H. Stephens of the Confederacy and others who, February 3rd, -met President Lincoln and Secretary Seward at Fortress Monroe, but, as -the President would not enter into any negotiations without assurance -of unconditional acknowledgment of perpetual union and the abolition -of slavery, which the Confederates were not prepared to grant, nothing -came of the meeting. - -[Sidenote: JAN. 31, '65] - -It is in this same January that Major A. R. Small, in his history of -the Sixteenth Maine[U] has the following very pleasant words about -the Thirty-ninth, words that the members of the Bay State Regiment -thoroughly appreciate and fully reciprocate: - - Among the strongest and most lasting attachments formed by the - Sixteenth for other troops during its term of service was that for the - Thirty-ninth Massachusetts, Colonel Davis commanding. I have no record - of the date when it joined the First Brigade, but it was a day which - marked an era of progressive good feeling, which ripened into warm, - personal attachments. The Regiment was splendidly officered, and under - its able commander was an ever present incentive for us to do our very - best. We never reached its precision in the manual of arms. We doubt - if in this particular qualification it had a superior in the army; - certainly it had not an equal in the Corps. Colonel Davis had a quiet - way of coming into our hearts and he came to stay. - -Though the men in the ranks knew it not, nor for that matter did the -majority of the officers, yet it is stated that on the last night in -January orders went to the several Corps of the Potomac Army to be -ready to march. From that moment activity was prevalent; increased -firing along the front concealed to some extent the work of the -railroad in bringing up the necessary supplies from City Point. As -early as the 4th of February came orders to the Regiment to be ready -to move at a moment's notice. The 5th brought the order to report -at brigade headquarters where the other regiments of that body were -found, and the Corps was joined at 7 a. m. As usual Gregg's cavalry -had preceded us and as on several former occasions the Fifth Corps -leads the infantry to be followed by the Second and a repetition of the -Hatcher's Run incidents of last October and December. The Fifth Corps -is to pass around the enemy's right flank while the other troops assail -in front; Crawford's Division to which the Thirty-ninth belongs marches -last. Our direction is toward Dinwiddie Court House within two miles -of which we camp for the night. Monday, the 6th, we are detailed for -picket duty; in the afternoon we cross Hatcher's Run and in the first -battle-line we are at the right, the enemy being strongly entrenched -at Dabney's Mills. The first attempt to dislodge the rebels is -unsuccessful, but in a second charge we take the works which, however, -we are compelled to vacate because of lack of support. - -The events of this day so far as the Second Brigade is concerned are -effectively told by Major Isaac Hall, historian of the Ninety-seventh -New York, at this time a part of the Brigade: - -[Sidenote: FEB. 6, '65] - -Early in the afternoon of the following day (6th), Crawford's Division -moved forward into the woods in search of the enemy. He was supported -on the left by Ayers' (Second) Division; Gregg's cavalry being on -the extreme flank. This movement covered the Vaughn and Dabney Mill -roads, and Baxter's Brigade was on the right of the column. The enemy's -skirmishers were soon reached and pressed back upon the main line of -Pegram's Division of Gordon's Corps, which also retired to the ruins of -an old mill, where it made a stand. As the brigade came to an opening, -a formidable fort--as was supposed--presented itself to view, and a -strife occurred between the color bearers of the Sixteenth Maine and -the Ninety-seventh New York as to which should first plant its standard -upon the fort. The contestant of the Ninety-seventh achieved the -victory; but great was his disappointment when instead of a veritable -fort he found only a huge heap of saw-dust. A lively musketry fire -was kept up here for twenty or thirty minutes, when Mahone's heavy -columns came to the support of the line in our front. This was a most -inopportune moment for the Fifth Corps; many of the men were already -out of ammunition and the line surged back in spite of the officers. -General Warren was himself at the front and with his ready glass was -coolly surveying the enemy. He was pointed to by the officers, and -as if ashamed of themselves the men faced about, but this was of no -account since only a few shots were fired; the best of men will not -stand with empty muskets and be shot down, and to charge with empty -cartridge boxes and unloaded pieces was out of the question; hence -the retreat was continued, not precipitately, but the line surged -slowly and sullenly to the rear. The enemy was not eager to follow, -as if doubting the sincerity of our retreat. An ordnance wagon had -been ordered up, and some four or five hundred yards in front of our -works Captain Trembly was met with an ammunition wagon with which, in -the narrow road, he could neither advance nor retreat and was about -to destroy it. The wagon was caught by the men and quickly changed -ends, and when our trenches were reached the ammunition was quickly -distributed. A part of the Sixth Corps had arrived, and as the Fifth -emerged from the woods it was fired into by the former, which seemed -inclined to dispute our passage to the rear, some raw troops mistaking -our line for that of the enemy. The latter did not press heavily upon -our fortified position but seemed satisfied to know that our forces -were well up. Our men lay upon their arms through the long, cold night. -The morning of the 7th was cold and rainy; the rain soon turned to -sleet which covered the ground and rendered the movements of troops -difficult and somewhat dangerous. Our hands became so benumbed that it -was difficult to handle our pieces, still we held our positions and -occasionally advanced upon the enemy, which seemed to consist of a -thin, gray line covering itself in the woods. - -The foregoing wagon incident is told in quite a different manner by a -survivor of our Regiment who believes in giving credit to him to whom -credit is due: - - At the battle of Hatcher's Run, Feb. 6th, 1865, our forces made a - charge on the rebels, driving them back quite a distance; four of our - ammunition wagons followed in through a cart path, when all at once - our line broke and began falling back. The Captain of the ordnance - wagons became rattled and ordered Sergeant W. P. Brown of Company K, - Thirty-ninth, who was ordnance sergeant under him, to have the drivers - unhitch the mules and burn the wagons, he himself taking the first two - wagons and destroying them. Sergeant Brown kept his head, turned his - two wagons around and saved one of them, the other, breaking a pole, - had to be abandoned; the Captain in the meantime lost his horse, which - was caught by Sergeant Brown, who went back in search of the officer, - whom he found wandering about like a crazy man. Brown managed to get - him on his horse and piloted him to the rear. Now comes the injustice, - the Captain was complimented very highly on his bravery, a picture - came out in the New York papers showing him destroying the wagons - to keep them out of the hands of the rebels, while Brown was never - mentioned or noticed in any way. Brown said that if he had had full - charge, he could have saved three of the wagons at least, for he would - have been perfectly sober--"To him that hath shall be given." - -The particular part borne by the Thirty-ninth was to form in line at 8 -a. m. and then to be deployed as skirmishers in front of the Brigade. -Thus advancing, the skirmishers of the enemy were driven from three -lines of rifle pits back into their main works which were near. At -5 p. m. our line was ordered to advance upon them, but the assault -proving unsuccessful the line fell back to its original position where -it remained exposed to a galling fire till late at night, when it was -relieved. Wednesday, the 8th, was spent in bivouac, a couple of miles -back of the scene of Tuesday's activities. The next day (9th), the -Regiment went on picket and, when relieved on Friday, the 10th, it -moved back to its old camp, near the Jerusalem Plank Road to get the -men's baggage that had been stored there. After this ebulition, which -cost the Fifth Corps 1,165 killed and wounded and 154 missing, quiet -again fell on the army, and on the 11th, moving out to the extreme -Union left near Hatcher's Run, camp was again pitched and winter -quarters were once more prepared. One writer says that the Brigade was -camped near the Goshen House, the Fifth Corps being massed in rear of -the Second. However disagreeable such variations in what many would -have made a peaceful winter may have been to the soldiers, there is -not a doubt that the lesson of constant watchfulness was thoroughly -impressed upon everyone, officers as well as men. Here, subjected to -the accustomed routine of camp and picket duty, February wore away. - -[Sidenote: MAR., '65] - -The beginning of March brought little if any variation on the ending -of the preceding month, yet there was a feeling in most minds that the -month would bring on the commencement of active hostilities. Everybody -knew that Sherman had reached North Carolina, and that General Joe -Johnston, with such forces as he could secure, was trying to prevent -the further advance of the triumphant army northward. The line whose -beginning we heard announced amid the thunders of Spottsylvania had -encompassed Petersburg and was slowly but surely extending towards -that never ending left. Though the army did not know it, General Lee -in these March days had sought an interview with Grant with reference -to some solution of the problem so long under consideration. The -latter had wisely referred the matter to Washington, whence Lincoln -warned the Lieutenant General against having any conference with Lee -unless to accept his surrender. Save for just a little vigor shown by -Sheridan and his cavalry there was practically nothing doing in the -Old Dominion till away past the middle of the month when, on the 25th, -the Confederates made their charge upon Fort Steadman, in front of -the Ninth Corps, the very last aggressive movement on the part of the -Army of Northern Virginia, effectually demonstrating to the exacting -Confederacy that its soldiery had fired its last charge of ammunition -in attack and that hopeless resistance and flight were the only -resources left. - -As side lights to the story of a single regiment in the great struggle, -it might be said that United States Senator E. B. Washburn of Minnesota -came down from Washington, arriving at City Point March 10th, the -bearer of the medal which Congress had voted to General Grant for his -distinguished services; the presentation was made in the main cabin -of the steamer which brought the Senator, the evening of the 11th, -the day itself having been given to a ride through the army and a -review of some of the troops. General Meade and staff were present -at the presentation, which was made in eloquent words by Washburn, a -personal friend of Grant, and the latter received his honor with all -the modesty that ever characterized all of his acts. While all this was -taking place and the infantry of the great army was gaining strength -for the coming ordeal, Sheridan and his ever untiring cavalry were -continuing the raid on which, with 10,000 riders, he had started from -Winchester, February 27th and, like a cloudy pillar by day and one -of fire by night, he had ridden southward, once more administering -severe punishment to Early and his followers; between Staunton and -Charlottesville, had destroyed mills and factories, a considerable -portion of the James River Canal, railroad bridges and tracks; and now, -with his wearied horsemen, is approaching White House on the Pamunkey -River. - -Nor was March altogether one of idleness for the Thirty-ninth, since -the new quarters constructed in February had to be maintained, and -ordinary policing of camp will insure an appetite for any healthy -soldier, and picket duty added kept everybody busy even if they were -not marching and fighting. A newspaper correspondent of the day, having -been through the camp and finding it extremely well kept, commented on -the same in exceedingly complimentary terms, concluding with, "and the -soldiers are spoiling for a fight," which, coming to the observation -of the men, one of them thus moralized in his diary, "To say that a -soldier is anxious for a fight and is eagerly waiting for a combat -with the enemy is talk that savors of nonsense; only a lunatic would -use such words. A soldier can be brave and can most ardently wish for -the overthrow of the enemy, and be willing to fight if he must, but -he never desires battle when strategy will do just as well, unless -drunk or crazy like some of the newspaper men." Thursday, the 9th of -March, brought along a pleasure in that the Regiment passed in review -before that most excellent former division commander, General John C. -Robinson, who had been so severely wounded at Laurel Hill and was just -getting about once more. On the 14th, General Warren conducted a review -of the entire Corps, a fact that set men to remarking that a move-out -would soon be in order. Two days later, the 16th, another exhibition of -our soldierly attributes and attainments was made for the edification -of Secretary of War Edward M. Stanton and others, the Thirty-ninth -acquitting itself in a praiseworthy manner. - -[Sidenote: MARCH 25, '65] - -The expiring thrust of the Rebellion, the assault and temporary capture -of Fort Steadman on Saturday, the 25th of March, called for immediate -aid from different parts of the line, the Thirty-ninth with others; -coming at five o'clock in the morning it was a great surprise to all of -us; though the attack was about ten miles to the right, the noise of -heavy artillery was excessive, and the Fifth Corps in light marching -order was ordered to the rescue at once. The response was immediate and -eager, and the Corps had a commendable pride in itself as it moved out -of its several camps with brave Warren at its head, marching briskly -towards the conflict, but before the scene could be reached the firing -ceased and we were halted till, all danger passed, we were ordered back -to camp. Near the Gurley House the Corps was reviewed by President -Lincoln, it being not a little interesting that the President and his -family had arrived at City Point the night before and he was near -enough to see the 1600 prisoners taken at the Fort as they marched by. - -It was March 24th, or the day before the assault on Fort Steadman, that -Generals Grant and Meade issued their orders for the general movement -against the enemy, the same to begin on the 29th. The Fifth Corps was -in reserve and occupying camps in the rear of and to the left of the -Second Corps. Griffin's (First) Division was on the right, closely -connecting with the Second Corps; Ayres' (Second) was next at Griffin's -left and Crawford's (Third) was still further to the left and near the -Halifax Road. The movable force of the Potomac Army consisted of the -Second and Fifth Corps and Sheridan's Cavalry. By the orders of March -27th General Warren was to march at 3 a. m. on the 29th and, crossing -Hatcher's Run at W. Perkin's house, thence to march to the junction -of the Old Stage Road and the Vaughn Road and from that point to open -communications with the Second Corps, having accomplished which he was -to move to a position in the vicinity of Dinwiddie Court House. These -orders were subsequently somewhat modified. How near these days were to -the end no one realized, though Grant had been exceedingly apprehensive -that Lee would endeavor to move out from his entrenchments and, if -possible, effect a junction with Johnston to the southward, yet not -even his far seeing mind realized that less than two weeks separated -these late March days from the final wind-up. History is to be made -rapidly in the coming days; Sheridan is to "push things," and the -latest enlisted man is to march and fight feeling that every step and -blow are telling against the effort to disrupt the Union. - -[Sidenote: MARCH 29, '65] - -The right of Lee's army is the object that Sheridan and his forces are -seeking. He has his cavalry well in hand and had asked for the Sixth -Corps, having in the Valley learned some of its qualities, but that -Corps was so placed in the entrenched lines that its withdrawal was -impracticable, and the Fifth was sent instead. Proverbially rainy, -March of 1865 outdid itself and so watered the scene of hostilities -that movements of any kind seemed almost impossible. [V]Warren's advance -began at 3 a. m. on the 29th according to schedule, General Joshua L. -Chamberlain commanding the First Brigade of Griffin's (first) Division -in the lead; the crossing was made by pontoons over Rowanty Creek, the -name given to the stream made by the union of Hatcher's and Gravelly -Runs. The Corps was halted at the Quaker Road whence, to insure against -surprise, advance guards and supports were pushed to within two miles -of Dinwiddie Court House. At 10.12 a. m. Warren was ordered by General -Meade to move up the Quaker Road to Gravelly Run and thence to throw -out parties to the right that he might find the left of Humphreys, -commanding the second Corps. At noon he was ordered to cross the Run -and advance to Boydton Plank Road which was done, though considerable -delay was occasioned by reason of the stream not being fordable and the -laying of a pontoon bridge was hindered by the exceptional steepness of -the banks of the stream. About this time the enemy was developed and -his skirmishers were driven back till near the junction of the Quaker -and Boydton Roads. Here, supported by Gregory of Griffin's Second -Brigade, Chamberlain attacked and drove the rebels beyond the junction. -It was about 6 p. m. when the assault was made, the sun being about -half an hour high. Pushing on rapidly to the Plank Road, we went into -bivouac at nine o'clock, holding the Plank Road from Gravelly Run to -near Rainey's house where Griffin halted for the night, his pickets on -the right reaching those of the Second Corps. - -Sergt. Wm. A. Mentzer, Company A, recalls that in falling back he and -his tentmate, I. H. Mitchell, in their anxiety to get a few more shots -at the foe stopped behind an old shed, but they waited a bit too long, -for the Rebels were near enough to get a cross fire on them, on which -they started back in a hurry, but within a very few rods Mitchell got a -shot which went right through him; however, his height was just right -to enable him to throw his arm over Mentzer's shoulder and thus they -weathered the storm of bullets, which, he said, made the mud through -which they were running fairly bubble, for the enemy was determined to -get them, and glad enough they were to reach the reformed line of the -Regiment. Mitchell's wound healed all right and in 1913 he survives -with his Sergeant to tell the story. - -From right to left, the Fifth Corps divisions are Griffin's, Ayres's -and Crawford's, the latter in which was the thirty-ninth being nearest -Gravelly Run. During the night began the severe rain already alluded -to, coming in torrents till the afternoon of the 31st. Full of swamps -and ravines, the sand and clay were easily transformed into quicksands; -much of the way was quite impassable unless corduroyed; a part of the -land was covered with dense forest and undergrowth, so that being very -flat the water was quickly carried off. Rowanty Creek, over which -the Corps had gone on the 29th, rose so rapidly that on the 30th the -pontoon bridge was one hundred feet too short and the wagons of the -Corps had to wait until mid-day of the 31st. Notwithstanding this -condition, Griffin's Division was advanced up the Boydton Road until -the enemy was driven into his main line of works along the White Oak -Road. During the 30th, the Thirty-ninth Regiment was on the skirmish -line all day while those behind were busy entrenching, though the work -was slow since all the tools that could be obtained belonged to the -pioneers, those in the wagons not being available, as stated before. -It was observed, as an interesting fact, that the advance was then -occupying substantially the same position held by Hancock in October -of the preceding year. On this 30th of March, General Ayres, according -to directions, sent out one of his brigades on a reconnoisance; his -advance reached the Holliday house without opposition, crossing a -stream which was to play an important part in the operations of the -next day, going over the same with so much ease that he did not deem -it worthy of mention as an obstacle in his report, though then the -rain was falling furiously. Meanwhile Crawford and his Third Division -had relieved the two remaining brigades of Ayres's Division and now -occupied the line from Gravelly Run to Rainey's house. - -[Sidenote: MARCH 31, '65] - -During these movements the proceedings of the enemy were quite visible -and from captures made by our troops it was learned that there was -a considerable tendency of the Confederates towards Five Forks. In -reporting this information to headquarters, Warren suggested that -Griffin be relieved by Humphreys and that the entire Fifth Corps should -support the advance of Ayres, intimating that, if allowed to do this, -he could effectually block the White Oak Road and prevent its further -use by the enemy. At 9 p. m. orders were received substantially in -accord with General Warren's proposition, and Warren at once disposed -of his forces so that Ayres should lead, supported by Crawford and -Griffin whenever the arrival of Humphreys would permit. At 8.15, in -the morning of the 31st, Ayres is informed by General Warren that -Merritt's cavalry has been driven from the White Oak Road and that he -must observe his left with the utmost care lest the enemy assail him -from the west as well as from the north, a possibility at every step of -the movement from the Rapidan southward. Still heavily falls the rain, -diminutive brooks become swiftly flowing streams and ordinary creeks -speedily grow to be roaring torrents. - -[Illustration: LIEUT. COLONEL HENRY M. TREMLETT - -Brevet Colonel] - -It was 10.30 when Ayres's advance was made, but it seemed that the -enemy was like minded with the Union Army and he too was approaching -with a far larger force than that of the Federals. The Union line -slowly withdrew to its original position while other troops were -hurried to its support but without avail and to add to the dangers of -the situation a heavy column of the enemy was discovered approaching -from the west. Unable to withstand the Confederate advance, our lines -gave way in considerable confusion. Crawford's Third Division was -thrown into the breach but was too unsteady to stay, and so fell into -the general retreat before the enemy. The Thirty-ninth had been thrown -forward as skirmishers, they were known as the skirmishers for the -Brigade, being near the Holliday house and holding their place with -steadiness, but, outflanked by the enemy, of necessity they fell back -with the rest. General Baxter, commanding the Brigade, strengthened the -line of the Thirty-ninth with the Eleventh Pennsylvania, both regiments -being composed of hardened campaigners who did their best; but the odds -were too great and they slowly gave way, expecting to rally on the -division which, however, had fallen back to the branch of Gravelly Run. -Lieut. Colonel Tremlett who, as a member of the Twentieth Regiment, had -been inducted into battle at Ball's Bluff, here received his mortal -wound and was borne from the field. Captain Willard C. Kinsley, Company -K, was also mortally wounded and the command of the regiment devolved -upon Captain Cooper of Company F. - -When General Warren reached the scene of conflict and realized the -situation he seized the flag of a Pennsylvania regiment and rode up -and down the lines, trying to stem the retreat but without avail, it -being evident that the men would not stop on the western side of the -branch of Gravelly Run, mentioned in the advance of Ayres on the 30th. -Still waving his flag and trying to halt the men on the eastern side -of the stream, he succeeded in once more forming a well ordered line -and the approach of the enemy was effectually withstood and Griffin's -men recrossing the branch drove the enemy back. By this time Humphreys, -still further to the east, sent reinforcements so that the rebels -were effectually prevented from making any further serious attack. At -2.30 in the afternoon the Union Army again advanced and effectually -drove the enemy back over all the ground won in the forenoon and never -halted until it was on the White Oak Road, the Confederates themselves -saying it was one of the most gallant charges that they had ever seen. -"Crawford now reached the road and, following the line of the rebel -entrenchment to the east, connected with Miles of the Second Corps, who -had advanced and driven the enemy into their works to the east and to -the Plank Road." Ayres also had not fired a musket in this advance, was -halted just before reaching the road, and, still covering the left near -the house of W. Dabney, looked down the road towards Five Forks. The -enemy had failed in his effort to double up the Union left and what was -worse for him had lost the White Oak Road and was effectually penned up -within his works. - -[Sidenote: APRIL 1, '65] - -All this time Sheridan was having more trouble than usually fell to the -lot of Little Phil. He was near Dinwiddie Court House and the cavalry -of the enemy was making a more stubborn showing than was their wont, -indeed the men in blue were yielding to those in gray and late in the -afternoon, Warren sent a brigade (Bartlett's) of Griffin's Division to -Sheridan's relief, this being the first of the Fifth Corps to move to -the assistance of Sheridan in response to his call for infantry. - -April 1st, so often mingled in Anglo Saxon minds with fooleries of all -descriptions, was one of intense earnestness to the long time rivals -along that line, reaching from the other or further side of James -River to Five Forks, a distance of nearly or quite forty miles. Good -Bishop Berkeley's aphorism as to the Star of Empire and its western -way has another application as General Ord and his divisions from the -Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Corps leave the north side of the James -to Weitzel and his colored troops, and moving westward occupy space -to the left of the Sixth; from the right of the latter, Parke and the -Ninth Corps extend to the James. Humphreys and the Second Corps are -between Ord and the Fifth Corps, while Sheridan and his troopers are at -the extreme left, making sure that the Confederates shall not escape to -the southward. So generally have the rebel lines been reduced at Lee's -left, it seems strange that the Union troops in that locality did not -advance into the all but empty trenches. A wonderfully alert line of -men is that which, looking northward, sees the earthworks which must -be stormed, and that right early. The showing of Confederate cavalry -at the Union left, with the constant coming of infantry, demands its -destruction and this is the task that Sheridan has set for himself on -this day. - -The last day of March saw Sheridan at the close of a day not entirely -to his liking, and a portion of the Fifth Corps was hurrying to his -aid. General Horace Porter in his "Campaigning with Grant" says, "The -Fifth Corps had borne the brunt of the fighting ever since the army -had moved out on March 29th; and the gallant men who composed it, and -who had performed a conspicuous part in nearly every battle in which -the Army of the Potomac had been engaged, seemed eager once more -to cross bayonets with their old antagonists. But the movement was -slow, the required formation seemed to drag, and Sheridan, chafing -with impatience and consumed with anxiety, became as restive as a -racer struggling to make the start." For many reasons the advance -of Warren's men towards Five Forks was slow; Ayres and the Second -Division went first and reported to Sheridan or one of the latter's -staff officers before daylight of the 1st; under orders, the commands -of Griffin and Crawford began their march towards Five Forks before -daylight of the 1st. The movement was made with considerable caution -because of information as to the positions of the enemy, stated the -night before by Sheridan, and with consequent slowness. At 7 and 8 a. -m. respectively Griffin's and Crawford's Divisions halted and were -permitted to cook their breakfasts and to rest, General Warren halting -with them. In the formation of the Corps finally, Crawford was on the -right, Ayres on the left with Griffin massed in rear of Crawford's -right flank; Baxter's Brigade in which the Thirty-ninth was ranged held -the extreme right of the Third Division. - -[Sidenote: APR. 1, '65] - -The orders were to advance to the White Oak Road and to swing to the -left, keeping the sun over the left shoulder. When the advance was made -it was found that the line was half a mile too far to the right and a -readjustment was necessary. In this effort, Crawford's Division was -thrown directly into the air and it seemed as though he were marching -away from the field. General Warren[W] hastened to rearrange the -confused line, an effort not unaccompanied with difficulty. In -this particular movement, as a regiment in the Third Division, the -Thirty-ninth bore its part and of this Captain Charles H. Porter says:-- - - After getting over the White Oak Road we never saw any clearing of any - description until we came over the cleared field in which were the - chimneys of some houses, which is marked "chimneys" on the map. We - swung to the north of those chimneys and as the line came around we - went into the woods again. Coulter, who had been in reserve, was now - on the line of battle and connected with the Second Brigade, Baxter's. - -It was a very wide sweep that the Third Division made and in its -progress a battery was captured, the division being under fire all of -the time, and this advance of Crawford's men caused an evacuation of -the enemy's entrenchments. Again quoting Captain Porter, we have:-- - - As the Third Division neared Five Forks, under orders from General - Warren, the troops were faced west and we pushed on with our left a - little north of the White Oak Road, and when we reached the clearing - known as Gilliams' we found the enemy had made a final stand and - erected temporary earthworks at right angles to their original lines. - The men being out of breath and the formation somewhat broken, the - troops halted and opened a desultory fire upon the enemy. General - Warren, hastening up, quickly discovered the cause of the delay and, - after giving a little time to the reforming of the troops, a very - good line was formed, and under the gallant leadership of him who - had commanded us for more than a year the troops sprang forward and - carried the works. General Warren's horse was shot under him, directly - astride the works; and Lieut. Colonel Richardson received the bullet - that would have struck our beloved corps commander. By this time, the - night was well upon us, and, the enemy being thoroughly dispersed, - the troops were halted and General Warren sent one of his staff to - find General Sheridan and to ask for further orders. The aide reached - Sheridan and received in reply the words that orders had been sent to - Warren, and not long after Bankhead's return, Colonel Forsyth arrived - with the order from Sheridan relieving Warren from the command of the - corps. - - Thus on the field of battle after the most successful day's work that - he had ever taken part in, Warren was deprived of the command of the - corps which he had commanded since March, 1864, and a position which - he had earned by soldierly courage and brilliant conduct on many - fields. Beginning at Great Bethel, his name is associated with every - field upon which the Army of the Potomac was engaged. The insulting - remark and the tone and gestures of Sheridan, when he alluded to - Warren's services on this day, are a disgrace to this brilliant man. - There is no excuse nor palliation for them. The most ardent friend - that Sheridan has cannot explain away the insult conveyed to one of - the bravest and most devoted of soldiers in the Army of the Potomac. - - Crawford's Division suffered more than the other portions of the - corps, its casualties being nearly equal to those of the other - two divisions. We came under fire as soon as any of the corps and - continued to be under fire until after the attack on Gilliam's field. - -Long years after the war Sergt. Wm. A. Mentzer of "A" was wont to tell -of seeing Sheridan at Five Forks with his Staff, riding along the rear -of our lines, shouting, "See the Sons of B----s run! Give them H--L, -boys!" "After going a little way into the woods we came to the rear of -the Rebel works, where I saw a lad behind the same firing at our folks. -Jamming on my bayonet I jumped to the works and ordered him to come -out; he looked up and had the impudence, with a smile on his face, to -say, 'I wish you would let me fire these five cartridges.' I think I -swore some and told him I'd put the bayonet right through him unless he -came out at once, and he came. When going to the rear with my prisoner -I saw General Warren riding the same way, but not till the next morning -did I know that our great and good leader had been relieved of his -command." - -[Sidenote: APR. 2, '65] - -April 2d, as usual when the most important military operations are to -be undertaken, is Sunday and at 4.45 a. m. signal guns announced the -general advance of the Union forces in front of Petersburg, from the -Appomattox to Five Forks and beyond. Within half an hour, Wright of -the Sixth Corps sends word to Grant that he has carried the enemy's -lines in front of his position, and Parke of the Ninth reports that he -has captured the outer works with artillery and 800 prisoners, and, -before seven o'clock, the Lieut. General telegraphs President Lincoln -at City Point the good news. This is the day in which Richmond, the -Confederate Capital, lulled into fancied security, quite ignorant of -the havoc along the Petersburg lines, is actually attending church and -President Davis is summoned from his pew in St. Paul's church with -the overwhelming news that the Yankees are coming. How pandemonium -broke loose, how the iron clads and other ships in the James River -were destroyed; how the three bridges which spanned the James were -burned; and Richmond, itself, by a fire set by the Confederates and -extinguished by the Union troops, suffered worse than Columbia from -the alleged inhumanity of Sherman--all this is history. Every man who -wore the blue seemed to have a mission to find someone in gray and the -latter, be it said to his everlasting credit, was nothing loath to be -found. - -Until the afternoon of the 2d, the Fifth Corps was employed on the -field of Five Forks in caring for the wounded, burying the dead and -destroying the old arms of the captured Confederates. After these -accomplishments the Corps, now under General Griffin, received orders -to proceed towards Petersburg, Chamberlain's Brigade of Bartlett's -Division (till yesterday, Griffin's) leading. Whatever opposition was -encountered, it was speedily swept away and, at Church Road Crossing -of the South Side Railroad, fifteen miles from Petersburg, a passing -train of cars was captured. Crossing the railroad he was ordered to -push out if possible to the Cox Road, crossing the line of march at -right angles. The First Division continued towards Sutherland Station, -still nearer Petersburg, while Crawford's coming up, at about 3 p. m., -went over the road with cheers, thence passing down the same about -seven miles it turned to the left, marching till 6.30 before halting -for the night. In some places the stream at which the stop was made is -called Namozine while General Humphreys' map has it Whipponock and here -some annalist says the enemy got combative during the evening and the -Thirty-ninth, as usual, went out on skirmish duty, when a few shots -seemed to settle the matter for the rebels, of whom nothing more was -heard during the night. - -[Sidenote: APR. 4, '65] - -The great Confederate army that had withstood our onslaughts so many -years is clearly trying to escape "on the run" is the thought in the -minds of those who follow. The Union cavalry, led by the fiery Custer, -is keeping the rear guard of the enemy in plain sight and the infantry -is following as rapidly as it can. With the exception of Willcox's -Division of the Ninth Corps, which is occupying Petersburg, the entire -Potomac Army is in the chase; it is the day when Godfrey Weitzel -marches into Richmond and extinguishes the conflagration started by -the retiring foe; President Lincoln, leading his son, Tad, enters -Petersburg and personally congratulates Grant on the great victory; of -the meeting General Horace Porter says, "I doubt whether Mr. Lincoln -ever experienced a happier moment in his life." The Fifth Corps follows -hard after the cavalry, picking up many prisoners with five pieces of -abandoned artillery and a number of wagons. At night, with Crook's -Division of cavalry, the Corps encamps on the Nazomine Road, near Deep -Creek. On the morning of the 4th, the Corps moves directly and rapidly -towards Jetersville, a station on the Richmond and Danville R. R., -Sheridan thinking that the rebels are collecting at Amelia Court House -about eight miles northeast of Jetersville. On arriving we are ordered -to entrench with a view of holding the point until the main army can -come up. The position of the Corps is an exposed one, of which Sheridan -in his report says, "The enemy lost its last chance of escape by -failure to advance and attack the comparatively small force and so -march on its way to Burkeville." However, luckily for the troops at -Jetersville, the Confederates are not reaching the Court House as -rapidly as Sheridan thinks and by the afternoon of the 5th, the Second -and the Sixth Corps are up and ranged in line with the Fifth. While -not described in detail, the whole world knows that everybody was busy -in those days with scant time for sleep at night, but through the -bewildering maze of horse and foot, it is ours to follow only the men -of a single corps and that the Fifth. Many a page might be given to -reciting the incidents of Sailor's Creek, the last pitched battle in -the East, but our regiment was not in it. At last Sheridan had obtained -his wish and the Sixth Corps, having been sent to him, wins renown in -this final struggle, while the Fifth moves off at the right of the -Second through Paineville on Deatonville. It proved a long, rapid and -tiresome march, a distance of thirty-two miles to Ligontown Ferry, -experiencing no greater variety on the way than the destruction of -abandoned army wagons, gun carriages and caissons of the enemy and the -capture of some prisoners. - -Says Powell in his History of the Fifth Army Corps, "No army in the -world could stand such losses as Lee was meeting every day, and no -troops could long endure the strain and fatigue of marching all night -and fighting by day, as Lee's men were now enduring. They were by this -time deprived of everything, even food, and those captured presented -a pitiable condition." Though the slumbers of the Union Army are not -as prolonged as they may have been at other times, nevertheless there -are halts and rations are had, and with full stomachs and a boundless -supply of ammunition the pursuit is maintained. Friday, the 7th, -General Meade orders Griffin with the Fifth Corps to proceed to Prince -Edward Court House while the Second and the Sixth keep up the direct -pursuit. Our Corps crosses the South side R. R. at Rice's Station, just -fifty miles west of Petersburg and forty from Appomattox. General -Grant's first letter to General Lee, relative to surrender, bears the -date of the 7th and the answer of the great Confederate, asking for -terms, is dated the same day. Whatever his intentions, Lee does not -await the statement of Grant, but pushes on through the night towards -the west on his hopeless task. The morning of the 8th beholds the -tireless Second Corps, closely followed by the Sixth, in eager pursuit. -The Fifth Corps also has an early start and striking the Lynchburg R. -R. at Prospect Station, twenty miles from Appomattox, at about noon, -follows thence Ord's forces towards Appomattox Court House and at 2 a. -m. of the 9th, Sunday, bivouacks about two miles from the site of the -immortal scene so soon to be enacted having marched twenty-nine miles -from Prince Edward's Court House. - -[Sidenote: APR. 9, '65] - -Meantime, on the 8th, Grant and Lee had again exchanged courtesies, the -former writing to Lee that his surrender could be accepted only on the -understanding that his soldiers should not take up arms against the -United States until properly exchanged, and the famous Virginia names -the 9th as the day for their meeting, stipulating however that it need -not necessarily lead to his surrender, and 10 a. m. as the hour. All -this is not known to the rank and file, who for ought they know are -still due for weeks of marching and fighting, though for the last few -days there has been considerably more of the former than of the latter. -Accordingly there was no surprise abroad when the familiar assembly -call rang out on the morning air of the 9th and without rations the day -before, or breakfast this morning, at four o'clock, the Corps moved -from its bivouac and reached the headquarters of General Sheridan at -6 a. m. The cavalry evidently was hotly engaged and the Twenty-fourth -Corps was moving out when Ayers of the Fifth (Second Div.), followed by -Bartlett and the First Division, took position also. General Griffin -reported that the failure of the Third Division to be in line with the -others was entirely the fault of the commander, though he had been -notified of the necessity of keeping well closed up; as a result the -division did not reach its proper position till after hostilities for -the day were over. - -The 9th day of April will figure in history as one of the most -important dates ever recorded; the correspondence, now passing between -Grant and Lee, will rank with the other all but sacred documents in our -national records. Hostilities had begun and our lines were pressing -forward, driving the enemy, when a message was received from Sheridan -that fighting should cease as the Confederates were about to surrender. -On the scenes that follow--those beneath the famous apple tree and -within the parlor of Wilmer McLean, where foemen "worthy of their -steel" were assembled--it does not behoove us to linger, for they are -as familiar as household tales throughout the land. The two pre-eminent -figures, those of Grant and Lee, meet face to face, each one increasing -the esteem in which he must be held as long as the Nation lives. - - "These in the robings of glory, - Those in the gloom of defeat, - All with the battle-blood gory, - In the dusk of eternity meet." - -While the great majority of the triumphant army, setting their faces -homeward, start on the return march the next day after the surrender, -to the troops of General Ord and the First Division of the Fifth Corps -is entrusted the honor as well as task of receiving the formal "laying -down of arms" by the beaten Confederates. This crowning event does -not take place until the 12th, the Fourth anniversary of the firing -upon Sumpter, when at nine o'clock in the morning General Joshua -L. Chamberlain of Maine, having asked for the services of his old -Brigade, the Third, had the same ranged in line to receive the oncoming -Southrons. "It was not long before a column of gray was seen marching -down the valley which sent a thrill of excitement through every -individual present. The Union troops were brought to attention. Evans' -Brigade of Gordon's Corps led the advance of the Confederates. As its -head reached the extreme right of Chamberlain's line, it was wheeled -into company line first and subsequently into general line confronting -the Union troops. Then each regiment stacked arms, unslung cartridge -boxes and hung them on the stacks, and finally laid down their colors. -It was a trying scene. And then, disarmed and colorless, they again -broke into column and marched off, disappearing forever as soldiers of -the Southern Confederacy."[X] - -[Sidenote: APR. 14, '65] - -While to the Fifth Corps came the honor of receiving the formal -surrender of the Confederates the fact that the men had to linger -here, at least some of them, until the 15th brought upon them certain -hardships, disagreeable in spite of their pleasure over the successful -ending of the campaign. For some reason, perhaps the destruction of -bridges on the route, supplies did not reach the army, so that there -was positive suffering on account of lack of food. Only a few days -before, hungry rebel stomachs had been filled through the foresight -and kindness of Grant, and now the victorious Yankees are experiencing -want themselves; somehow there comes to mind the Scriptural expression, -"He saved others, himself He cannot save." To crown all, a severe rain -fell during the 14th, so without tents and minus rations, the soldiers -passed a miserable day and night. It was about noon of the 15th, that -the Corps began its retrograde movement, but the rain had rendered the -roads well nigh impassable, hence the course backward had few of the -features of a triumphal procession, everyone being on the lookout for -expected rations, but none arrived, and after dark came the orders to -halt, break ranks and make the best of the situation for the night; -meanwhile the rain was falling incessantly. The 16th dawned cold and -raw and under the circumstances the men were as comfortable when -marching as when nominally resting. At noon the Appomattox was reached -and, on a temporary bridge it was crossed, and soon after Farmville was -gained, a place more conspicuous in history than in fact. - -Here, at 4 p. m., came the dispatch announcing the death of President -Lincoln and the already discouraged men had a deeper pitch of woe to -bear, naturally the rank and file of them ascribing the assassination -to the Confederate leaders rather than to a half-crazed actor. It is -said that to properly drape their colors, some of the bearers actually -dipped their handkerchiefs in ink. The next day, Monday, the 17th, the -homeward route was resumed by way of Burkeville, and on the 21st the -Second Brigade encamped at Blacks & Whites Station on the Southside R. -R. Evidently the Fifth Corps was distributed along the road, for Powell -mentions Sutherland Station, near Petersburg, as the camping place, -reaching the same on the 23d; and a diarist of the Thirty-ninth, who -was at corps headquarters, places the same at Nottoway Court House. -However placed, in due time the army learned of the surrender of -Johnston in North Carolina on the 26th. Here too were welcomed back -many of the men who were captured in the Weldon R. R. incident, among -them being Major F. R. Kinsley upon whom devolved the command of what -was left of the Regiment. - -We observed May Day by breaking camp and resuming the march towards the -North, passing through Petersburg on the 3d, taking hurried glances at -what had occasioned us so many months of toil and danger. The James -River was reached at Manchester, just across from Richmond, so as -to pass through the former Capital of the Confederacy on Saturday, -the 6th, taking note in passing of Libby Prison, Castle Thunder and -the State House. Near the latter to review the Army of the Potomac, -excepting the Sixth Corps, were standing Generals Meade, Henry Wager -Halleck and other officers. The Sixth Corps was still doing guard duty -along the railroad, between Burkeville and Danville. On the 9th, we -pass over the famous battlefield of Fredericksburg where Massachusetts -regiments suffered so severely. We cross the Rappahannock on pontoons -below the city, this being our tenth and last time, and Friday, the -12th of May, beheld us on Arlington Heights, near Fort Albany and -almost on the very spot of our first camping ground when, in September, -'62, we crossed the Potomac and entered the enemy's country, thus -ending where we began. What days of wearisome marching, long and dreary -vigils on picket line and vidette, what dangers of the embattled field -the interval covers! The extended line marks our duties along the -Potomac, in Washington, from Harper's Ferry to Antietam and thence -southward to the Rapidan, with a backward turning to Bull Run and -Thoroughfare Gap, through the Wilderness, Spottsylvania and Petersburg, -the pursuit, surrender and return, till now the circle is complete. -With so much behind us, what wonder that visions of home become more -and more absorbing! - -[Sidenote: MAY 23, '65] - -However, there yet remained the Grand Review for which in part -Sherman's Army had made the trip from North Carolina, and it was an -inspiring sight to see the many tents of the men who had made the -world-famous "March to the Sea" as they were spread over the heights -back of Alexandria. Very likely the Review was worth all it cost, but -to the men who had to undergo the fatigue incident to it, there was -no little bitter mingled with the sweet; some even claimed that the -exhibition of Tuesday, the 23d, when the Potomac Army marched in review -was the most exacting they had ever taken and they thought it was for -the express and only purpose of gratifying a sightseeing proclivity -of certain authorities well up the line; Sherman's men paraded on the -24th. The next night, that of the 25th, there was an illumination -by the Army of the Potomac, candles being lighted on every tent and -rockets were sent up. The brigades turned out, every man carrying a -candle and thus marched to corps headquarters, where hearty cheers -were given for General Griffin. For the remainder of the month there -is little more than a waiting for the final muster-out and occasional -visits to Washington, Alexandria and other near-by points of interest. - -The coming of June simply intensified the home-longing and the feeling -that we must go very soon. The ceremony of muster-out began on the -2d, terminating on the 3d, on whose night comes the statement that we -will depart at 8 a. m. of the 4th. According to schedule, we start, -the day being Sunday, and march into Washington and there wait till 2 -p. m., when the train is taken for Baltimore; the same proved to be a -slow one for we do not reach the city until five o'clock. Then comes -the march through Baltimore, the boarding of another train and an all -night's ride to Philadelphia, arriving in time for a breakfast at the -Cooper Shop, whose hospitality we had tested on our way southward in -September, '62. Thence we ride through New Jersey to New York city, -where a lunch is furnished by the New England Relief Association, -before going on board a steamer bound for Providence, whence by rail -we reach Boston early in the morning of the 6th. The wait in Boston is -very short and another train transports us to Readville at 8 a. m. and -we are assigned to quarters there. By a singular coincidence Lieut. -Colonel Tremlett who had been severely wounded at Gravelly Run, March -31st, and was sent home to Boston, dies this very day in his Beacon -Street home. While passes were readily given to the homes represented, -all were glad to return and receive their discharges and pay on the -14th of June. Thus ends the story of devotion and sacrifice of a -regiment that had gone forth to help save the Union and whose members -now are returning to the paths of peace. They have made an honorable -record, not alone pleasing to themselves but to the hundreds of those -to follow and who, in the years to come, will call their memory -blessed. - -They are returning to their homes, - - "Where the matron shall clasp her first-born - With tears of joy and pride; - And the scarred and war-worn lover - Shall claim his promised bride!" - - --_Bryant._ - -FOOTNOTES: - -[U] One of the most pleasant memories of war times is that of the -almost David and Jonathan relations that existed between certain -regiments. This was the case with the Thirty-ninth and the Sixteenth -Maine; either one had a feeling of security if, in the hour of danger, -it was supported by the other; exposed repeatedly to a common peril, in -a measure, the history of one is that of both; each regiment had the -highest regard and respect for the leaders of its fellow organization -and for years after the war exchange of courtesies on reunion occasions -was an expected event. Closely related in early history as were Maine -and Massachusetts, the equal intimacy between representatives of the -two states in camp and march and on the field lingers long in the minds -of those who participated. - -[V] Condensed from a paper prepared by Captain Charles H. Porter and -read by him before the Massachusetts Military Historical Society -January 11, 1886. - -[W] Governour Kemble Warren was born in Cold Spring, Putnam Co., N. -Y., January 8, 1830, and was graduated from West Point, No. 2, in a -class of forty-four members, very few of whom, however, are known to -fame, Cuvier Grover and Powell T. Wyman being the most noted among -his loyal classmates and Wm. T. Magruder and Robert Ransom among the -rebels. Assigned on graduation to the Topographical Engineers, he was -in constant and active service till his appointment as mathematical -instructor at West Point, 1859, and there the Rebellion found him. -At first he was Lieut. Colonel of the Fifth (Duryea's Zouaves), N. -Y. Volunteers, soon succeeding to the colonelcy; he was the last to -leave the field at Big Bethel, remaining to rescue the body of Lieut. -J. T. Greble, the first Regular Army officer to lose his life in the -war. He helped build the forts on Federal Hill, Baltimore. He served -in the Peninsular Campaign, acquiring a brigade in May, '62, and, in -the subsequent months, there was very little doing by the Army of the -Potomac in which he did not bear a conspicuous part. His bronze figure -on Little Round Top must forever tell the story of his watchfulness and -alertness at Gettysburg and the members of the Fifth Army Corps, to a -man, never failed to chant his praises. The incident of his suspension -from his command at Five Forks is a blot on the fame of Sheridan and -made Warren's place in the hearts of his followers warmer than ever. -A skillful engineer, he was constantly employed in the army up to the -time of his death, which no doubt was hastened by the unfortunate -occurrence of April, '65. His relations with the Thirty-ninth, after -the war, were of an unusually intimate character. He died in Newport, -R. I., August 8, 1882. - -[X] From the history of the Fifth Army Corps, William H. Powell, pp. -863-4. - - - - -IN REBEL PRISONS. - - -While men of the Thirty-ninth suffered in nearly all of the -prison-houses of the South, the greater number spent their periods of -confinement in Salisbury, N. C. The two hundred and thirty-two swept -off August 18-19, '64, at the Weldon R. R., after incarceration at -Libby and Belle Isle, were taken to Salisbury and there spent the time -till their liberation in February, '65. Among the unfortunates was John -H. Eames who was First Sergt. Co. C, and whose diligent care secured -the data concerning his fellow sufferers which perfected the State -House rolls and gave the boon of certainty to many a stricken home in -the old Bay State. His tabulated statement bears the following names:-- - -Company A:--Serg'ts, J. W. Cottrell, J. P. Dodge; Corp's, T. Bean, G. -W. Cole, S. C. Packard; Privates, F. D. Adams, G. J. Boodry, G. W. -Burnham, W. S. Evans, J. K. Gibbs, C. M. Goodwin, A. S. Haskell, R. E. -Mears, W. Hunting, J. H. Mitchell, D. F. Morse, L. Marteau, W. Myers, -L. E. Ordway, J. H. Perkins, J. M. Sawyer, E. Stevens, G. F. Whitcomb. - -Company B:--Serg'ts, E. S. Davis, J. R. Robinson; Corp's, G. A. -Andrews, E. H. Lewis; Privates, W. M. Bills, J. Cassidy, M. Cunningham, -F. Edmonds, J. Gunning, J. Kilduff, Geo. McDonald, T. P. Mohan, P. -Reaney, H. R. Smith, F. T. Start, D. O. Sullivan, Charles Swan, C. -Wadsworth, J. Burns captured Dec. 11, 1864. - -Company C:--Serg'ts, J. H. Eames, I. T. Morrison; Privates, J. M. -Baldwin, S. C. Bowen, Wm. Cheeney, F. J. Curtis, E. C. Dean, B. J. -Ellis, P. Gleason, E. Ireland, A. Joyce, J. Lange, J. McGee, M. F. -Roberts, W. H. Rogers, W. S. Smith, Wm. Vaeight. - -Company D:--Serg't, H. Curtis; Corp's, W. H. Burns, W. E. Colburn, A. -Derby, C. C. Dickerman, H. Newcomb, E. Thomas; Privates, F. Becker, A. -Bullard, C. Bushnell, E. Damon, S. DeForrest, T. Doyle, J. Durgin, J. -E. Forbes, J. F. Green, W. Hayden, D. Kanily, W. G. Keep, T. H. Lunt, -P. Moran, E. Pierce, G. W. Savill, H. Shavlin, J. Sheehan. - -Company E:--Serg'ts, J. Kennedy, E. Ladd; Corp's, F. A. Glines, D. -Gorham, J. E. Horton, W. L. Howard; Privates, J. M. Allen, W. H. -Bartlett, J. Brown, J. B. Canfield, C. L. Carter, J. Creedan, Geo. -H. Hatch, P. D. Horgan, C. G. Jones, D. Kendrick, J. F. Locke, A. -W. Phillips, John Riley, T. P. Shaw, F. W. Thompson, L. Ulrich, J. -Vancleff, H. K. Webster. - -Company F:--Serg'ts, W. Doherty, H. B. Horton, D. Wood; Corp's, J. -Bagth, B. J. Hall; Privates, P. Conway, J. Day, W. E. Dean, G. W. Gay, -J. A. Hathaway, B. L. Howland, W. H. Jones, D. S. Kane, J. A. Lawler, -S. Packer, T. W. Paul, D. M. Phillips, F. C. Skinner, E. H. C. Smith, -J. Smith, A. P. Terry, G. L. Titus, W. Walsh. - -Company G:--Serg'ts, J. Adams, H. C. French, W. H. Jacobs; Corp's, J. -D. Day, P. J. Shaw, T. G. Short; Privates, J. Bannon, W. Bright, C. -Danbenmayer, W. G. Dodge, D. R. Ewell, M. Fitzgerald, C. E. French, -M. Gorman, F. K. Hanson, Z. M. Hayden, H. F. Hersey, S. W. Hutchins, -J. Kennedy, H. W. Leavitt, T. Murphy, J. S. Neal, S. V. Smith, C. A. -Spaulding, E. A. Spear, N. W. Thayer. - -Company H:--Serg'ts, C. W. Richardson; Corp's, E. J. Childs, B. F. -Prescott, S. O. Savil; Privates, J. Brunel, P. Collins, M. Dailey, J. -Davis, J. Doody, J. Farren, R. T. Gammon, R. T. Holmes, T. Kelley, J. -Keniston, E. F. Kimball, E. McCarthy, G. C. Millett, J. H. Millett, -R. Monk, T. Murray, P. Shean, D. Southworth, F. H. Sumner, G. N. B. -Thomas, E. Tileston. - -Company I:--Serg'ts, E. Brown, J. Currier; Corp's, W. H. Beal, W. H. -Clough, W. Collins, S. Hardy; Privates, W. L. Allen, J. D. Bispham, C. -B. Butterfield, D. O. Chamberlain, S. C. Chace, A. M. Cole, E. Curran, -S. Gourley, T. Hoey, C. O'Brien, A. E. Smith, N. D. Stearns, F. E. -Travis, C. H. Williams. - -Company K:--Corp., S. Richardson; Privates, J. Bacon, M. Baldwin, -J. Brannagan, F. M. Bryant, M. Butler, C. H. Colgate, R. Curry, G. -W. Dean, E. Haskins, S. T. Hooper, W. H. Jones, C. H. Kingsbury, A. -Lapurve, J. F. Leslie, R. Lombard, J. McGuire, T. Mahony, T. Marran, T. -W. Morrill, E. O'Donnell, Peter Parks, J. F. Ramsdell, M. D. Reed, A. -H. Richardson, M. Rowland, C. Scott, J. H. Sheehan, F. Spokesfield, G. -A. Sprague, E. O. Hemmenway captured Dec. 11, 1864. - -In Sergeant Eames' well preserved record, on its final page, is -written,--"This book I arranged while in prison from information from -the members of the reg't and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, -is strictly true. The leaves I purloined from the rebel surgeon's -hospital book; the cover I carried through prison, having received it -with, of course, the original leaves through the mail, Aug. 18, 1864." - - "Left Salisbury Prison at seven o'clock, Feb. 20, 1865; cars started - for Greensboro at 8; we rode on top, very cold and slow riding; - arrived at G. (fifty miles) at about 7 a. m. Changed cars and lay over - until 7 p. m. Left for Danville, Va.; slept nearly all night, reaching - D. at daylight; changed cars and started immediately for Richmond, - enjoying the prospect of homeward bound. Washington's birthday, Feb. - 22; arrived in Richmond about 2 a. m. Waited till 9 a. m. when we - were put into Libby Prison, remaining there till nine o'clock of the - following morning. Then we started by boat down the River, passing - safely through the obstructions; saw two rebel rams, Fort Darling and - other places of interest, reaching the landing (Aiken's) after two - hours' sail, and were received by Yankee cavalry and escorted to the - Yankee truce-boat, some 3 or 4 miles down the river; passed through - the Eighteenth Corps, mostly colored troops, who used us finely giving - us bread, tobacco, etc. On seeing the good old Flag we felt that we - were free again. We got to our boat all right, except wet feet and - some weariness. We soon got the first drink of Yankee coffee for five - months and more; it tasted splendidly and we got plenty to eat and - felt like new men. We had a safe trip down the river, arriving at - Annapolis Feb. 26, '65; started from Salisbury Prison, Monday; reach - Annapolis Saturday. This journal was written on the way home, written - under difficulties and excitement, and, as a consequence, is not very - minute. - - "P. S. Many of the poor fellows who lived to leave prison, died soon - after reaching home so that, at the time Lee surrendered as far as I - could ascertain, four-fifths of those sent to Salisbury were dead, the - remainder being more or less broken in health." - - - - -CORPORAL F. A. GLINES' DIARY. - - -Of the foregoing list, Glines, Horton and Locke, all of "E," kept -diaries or some form of record, as did Corp. E. H. Lewis of "B," the -first two until a few days before their deaths; Private Locke, after -the war, embodied his recollections in a very interesting lecture, -delivered by him many times. From all of these sources items have been -gleaned through the body of the history and especially in the following -pages. From the carefully preserved diary of Corporal F. A. Glines -extracts are made as follows:-- - - Fri., August 19, 1864--Lay in line all night; moved a little to the - right; were attacked and flanked and I, with the greater part of my - reg't, was taken prisoner; were taken to Petersburg under guard; very - rainy and muddy. - - Sat., 20--Lay in a field all night; very wet, cold and uncomfortable; - were taken through the town and put on an island, at the north side of - the Appomattox. - - Sun., 21--Lay on the island all day; drew rations for one day; I had - bread and a small piece of pork, full of worms. - - Mon., 22--Were called up at 2 a. m.; left the island at 4; were put - aboard the cars and sent to Richmond; are quartered in Libby Prison; - drew rations for one day, half loaf corn-bread and a small piece fresh - meat. - - Tues., 23--Were sent across the street to another prison; were - searched and all articles of any value were taken from us; were sent - to Belle Isle this afternoon; met John Davis (H) here; am in the - Forty-fifth Squad. - - Wed., 24--Very hot; are having tents put up for us; we have two meals - a day; quarter loaf of corn bread at 10 a. m. and corn bread and soup - at 3 p. m.; have to sleep on the ground with no covering. - - Thurs., 25--Very hot and uncomfortable; signs of rain to-night; had - only one meal to-day. - - Fri., 26--Very heavy thunder-shower; last evening several men tried to - escape; do not know how many succeeded; several shots fired at them; - one man killed and three wounded. - - Sat., 27--Sergt. French, Co. G., shot by the guard, one other man - wounded; got our tents to-day. - - Sun., 28--Very hot; were counted this morning. - - Mon., 29--2000 more prisoners sent here this afternoon; enlarging the - space for prisoners. - - Thurs., Sept. 8--My twenty-first birthday; pleasant weather. - - Fri., 9--Were counted to-day; the squads, filled up, stayed outside - nearly all day; took different tents when we came in. - - Sat., 10--Great fire in Manchester last night; great deal of dispute - about tents. - - Thurs., Sept. 15--Those men whose terms of service have expired were - sent for to-day and their names taken; there was quite a large number - of them from nearly all the states. - - Fri., 16--Slept cold last night; a warm day; the guard which has been - guarding us has been relieved by a lot of old cocks who hardly know a - gun from a broomstick; the old guard went off last night. - - Thurs., 22--A Dutch reb lieutenant in here this afternoon, trying to - enlist Germans in the reb. service; met with poor success, the boys - were too loyal for him; the guard-tents on the hill removed. - - Sun., 25--A lot of our men went out to-day to work for the reb - government as coopers, carpenters and shoemakers; they are a small - loss to us; the fewer such men the government has, the better for us. - - Mon., 26--Some of our men building breastworks for the rebs opposite - the camp; it is a pity that they cannot be made to charge on them with - rebs behind the works; did not get anything to eat till about 2 p. m. - - Tues., 27--John Davis sent to the hospital; a boat load of tents came - over this morning. - - Wed., 28--Counted this morning; two men buried themselves outside with - the intention of escaping, but one of our men told the Lieutenant, who - has kept them in their hole all day buried up to their necks. - - Thurs., 29--Heavy cannonading in the direction of Fort Darling; some - excitement in Richmond; a battery planted opposite us, across the - river; counted to-day; had to stay out nearly all day; got nothing to - eat till evening; was very hungry and faint; new tents put in place of - the old ones. - - Fri., 30--It is six weeks to-day since we were "gobbled" and about as - miserable a six weeks as ever I passed, but "nil desperandum"; 670 - prisoners sent here to-day, the greater part captured at Winchester. - - Sat., October 1--Very heavy cannonading in the direction of Fort - Darling; a great deal of excitement in Richmond; the guards have - orders to shoot us if we make any cheering or noisy demonstration; - rained all day, passed a cold, miserable and comfortless day. - - Sun., 2--Rained nearly all last night; some cannonading this morning; - a man shot by the guard last night; cloudy nearly all day; the - quartermaster and quartermaster sergeant of the island sent to Castle - Thunder for selling rations. - - Mon., 3--Another man shot by the guard this morning; about 200 more - prisoners were sent over here this evening from Libby. - - Tues., 4--1100 men were sent away from here this morning; said to be - going further south; they were furnished with two days' rations. - - Wed., 5--600 more men sent off this morning. - - Thurs., 6--900 of us were turned out at 2 a. m. and furnished with two - days' rations; marched off the island and lay till four o'clock just - off the island, got aboard the cars on the Richmond and Danville R. R. - and started en route for Salisbury, N. C. - - Fri., 7--Rode on the cars all night, reaching Danville at 10 a. m., a - most painful ride; we were packed in like herrings; changed cars and - reached Greensboro, N. C, at 10 p. m.; were marched out into a field - for the night; very cold and windy. - - Sat., 8--A very cold night, slept very little; left Greensboro this - morning and reached Salisbury this evening, a very cold ride; 100 - men were packed into each car; have drawn no rations since Thursday - morning. - - Sun., 9--We are in a field of about ten acres, we have no shelter - and have to sleep on the ground with no covering, drew rations this - morning. Saw Captain Kinsley and the rest of the officers; they are in - the field with us in log houses, separated from us by a guard. - - Mon., 10--Did not sleep any last night, it was so cold; drew rations - of half loaf of bread and a pint of boiled rice; 2000 more men sent - here from Belle Isle. - - Tues., 11--Slept in the house last night, quite comfortable; drew only - half loaf of bread to-day; two men died last night; strong talk of - paroling; guess it's only "chin." - - Wed., 12--Water very scarce, went outside to-day with some dippers - after water. - - Thurs., 13--Slept in the house last night, slept very cold; drew - rations of hard bread and rice soup to-day; the best rations we have - drawn since we came here. - - Sun., 16--During the night Captain Davis of the 155th New York - Regiment was shot by the guard through the head, he was killed almost - instantly. - - Wed., 19--All the officers sent away this afternoon; 500 more - prisoners sent here this evening from Danville, Va. Have been a - prisoner two months to-day. - - Thurs., Nov. 10--One of our squad fell into the well to-day and - escaped almost miraculously with a sprained shoulder. - - Wed., 23--Cleared off this morning; pleasant but very cold; Charley - Jones died this morning at eight o'clock; Allen died at 2 a. m. - - Thurs., 24--Thanksgiving Day at home; we are on half rations to-day; a - hard Thanksgiving day for us, but better times are coming, boys, "Wait - a little longer!" - - Fri., 25--Made a grand rush for freedom this noon, but we were driven - back by the guard and about twenty-five or thirty were killed and - wounded; we are on half rations again to-day. - - Sat., 26--Phillips died this morning; received a letter from home this - evening. It seems good to hear from the dear ones at home; it was - written Sept. 27. - - Mon., 28--146 colored prisoners came in yesterday from Richmond; they - have been captured about two months. - - Tues., 29--A large number of our men going out to enlist in the rebel - service. I am pretty hard up, but I am bound to stick to Uncle Sam. - - Fri., December 2--Rather cloudy but comfortable day; full rations - again to-day, bread, meat and rice soup, so I satisfied my hunger for - the first time in a long time. - - Tues., 6--400 more prisoners arrived here yesterday, mostly cavalry - captured in the Valley; 525 men enlisted in the reb service. - - Tues., 13--350 men enlisted in the reb service to-day; Thompson of our - company went with them; he is the first man to enlist from our company. - - Wed., 14--Slept in the hospital last night. - - Fri., 16--30 men from our Corps sent in here to-day; three are from - our regiment and bring interesting news from the boys. - -The entry for the 16th was the last made by the young man, whose -Somerville home was as pleasant and comfortable as any which that most -attractive place afforded; whose father was fretting at the absence of -his son, yet the latter, putting duty to his country before all others, -was faithful to the end and died on the 6th of January following, his -body sleeping with nearly 13,000 others in a nameless grave. - - - - -CORPORAL JOHN E. HORTON'S DIARY. - - -Corporal John E. Horton was a very regular observer and chronicler of -passing events, seldom if ever missing a day. The following extracts -are given, not all that he wrote but rather where his records add to -those already given from Corporal Glines' entries. A faithful husband -and father, nearly every day has some reference to the wife and the -baby boy in the far away home and on the 21st of August he laments his -inability to get a letter through the lines to Laura, his wife: - - Tues., August 23--(The prisoners are in Libby.) Slept first rate. - Wash up and eat breakfast. They put part of us into another building - opposite; take our names, number of regiment and where we were born, - then search us, take our haversacks, etc. Give us rations about 1 p. - m., take us to Belle Isle; there are a little over 3,000 of us here. - We are divided into squads of 30; Ladd is our Sergeant. - - Thurs., 25--Brown is at work, outside, helping the cook; get our - rations from across the river; attend prayer meeting. - - Mon., 29--About 2100 came from Libby, of the Second Corps; they were - taken the 25th at Ream's Station; am sorry to see them. - - Tues., 30--Provisions are very high; small loaves of bread are $5.00 - in Confederate money and $1.00 in greenbacks; coffee, $15.00; sugar, - $12.00; onions, $1.00; apples, $2.00 and $3.00. For $1.00 we get - one-fourth of a loaf of bread, a small piece of bacon and a little - bean soup, just enough to keep us alive. - - Sat., Sept. 3--They have stopped the speculation in corn bread. The - Lieutenant says all of it is ours and he will see that we get it. - Write a short letter to Laura; fear she may not get my letters; there - is a prayer meeting every night. I attend and hope they may do me good. - - Sun., October 16--Sell my ring for $60.00 Confederate money and buy a - blanket for $40.00. Am sorry to part with the ring, but the blanket - will do me more good. A number die every day. - - Thurs., 20--Our rations are bread, molasses and rice soup. - - Thurs., 27--500 more prisoners arrive from Richmond; they were taken - in the Valley and belong to the Sixth, Eighth and Nineteenth Corps. - - Fri., 28--Twenty-seven died in the last twenty-four hours; it is sad - to see men suffer and die off in this way; my health is still good; - have nothing but rice to-day. - - Sat., November 5--A number take the oath of allegiance to old Jeff. - The Union boys hooted them and kicked one so that he died; Creedon - took the oath. - - Tues., 8--To-day is Election; wish I were at home to vote for Old Abe. - Get no bread or meat, but about a quart of rice soup; feel hungry and - weak. - - Wed., 9--Get some bread; went sixty hours on a little over a quart - of poor rice soup. Felt quite weak and faint, but feel better since - getting some bread; from twenty-five to fifty die every day. - - Fri., 11--Get bread, meat and soup, but no salt in soup or on meat, - there is none in camp. - - Sat., 12--The long roll was beat three times last night; someone - stoned the guard; have only nine months more to serve. - - Mon., 14--The coldest night of the season thus far; sell a pair of - socks for $5.00 Confederate money and buy some salt at $1.50 a pint. - - Wed., 16--Rained a little in the night. The papers say Abe is elected - sure. - - Fri., 18--Help take Allen of the Fourth New Hampshire to the hospital; - think he cannot live long. It is a sad sight to see how the men are - dying off. - - Sun., 20--This does not seem like the Sabbath; little Orren is - seventeen months old; wish I were at home to see him. - - Mon., 21--Rheumatism troubles me some; Allen of the Fourth New - Hampshire died last night. - - Sat., 26--Get a letter from Laura dated Oct. 2d, and another this - afternoon, dated August 27th; they are all well; am very glad to hear - from them. Phillips (E) died last night. - - Mon., 28--The Rebs count every division at the same time to stop - flankers; have an attack of diarrhea. - - Tues., 29--370 take oath of allegiance to Jeff and go into the rebel - army; short rations and so many dying urge them to this step; diarrhea - a little worse. - - Wed., 30--Am some better; this is my thirty-fifth birthday; hope to - be able to spend my next at home. It is a real Indian Summer day. - P. Merrill of the First Massachusetts Cavalry died in our tent. The - chimney in the hospital fell, killing one man and wounding several. - - Thurs., December 1--A fine day for the first of winter; am much - better; sold my rations and bought some bread flour; Locke gave me - some pills. - - Fri., 2--It is just fifteen weeks since I was taken prisoner, am in - strong hopes of being exchanged soon; feel about well. - - Sun., 4--Could hear the church bells and it made me feel homesick; how - I wish I could be at home with my wife and boy. - - Sat., 10--Stormed all night; about three inches of snow fell; a cold, - bad night for us prisoners, but I managed to keep warm. Gorham (E) - died this morning about two o'clock; he was sick but a short time. - - Mon., 12--It froze hard, very cold for those who have no blankets. - General Winder and some other rebel officers were here to inspect the - condition of the prisoners. Am some better to-day, got wheat flour. - - Fri., 16--A few more Yankee prisoners come in, three of the - Thirty-ninth, one (Burns) from "B" and one (Hemmenway) from "K," - captured last Sunday (11), near Weldon. Sorry to see them here, but - glad to hear from the regiment. - - Thurs., 22--Drew bread, syrup and soup, no meat for a long time. - - Sun., 25--Cloudy, with raw, cool wind; a dull Christmas for me. We - got one-half a loaf of bread and a little rice soup for our Christmas - dinner, breakfast and supper; wish I were at home, but see little - signs of an exchange. - - Wed., 28--Tipton was elected our squad sergeant in place of White - (deposed); our tent run for Haun, but he got beat; think we have - a good sergeant. Rumor says there is to be a general exchange of - prisoners the first of January; hope it is true. - - Thurs., 29--Rained quite hard all night and our tent leaked some; do - not feel very well but hope I shall not be sick. - - Fri., 30--A cool, dull day. Have the diarrhea quite bad, but am in - hopes to get rid of it soon. John Locke gave me some pills. - - Sat., 31--Rained about all day; comes on cold and snows some. Had - the diarrhea very bad all night; a cold, dull, disagreeable day for - the very last of 1864. It looks like a dark prospect ahead for us - prisoners, but I am in hopes to be exchanged soon; so the story runs. - - Sun., January 1, 1865--A fine pleasant morning but cool. It does not - look like a very happy New Year for me, but am in hopes to get out of - this soon. God grant it may be a happy and pleasant one to my wife and - boy. Am a little better this morning. - -Five days later the hand that wrote the foregoing and that had given -daily evidence of its fealty to God, home and country, in devotion to -duty and in a daily record of deed and thought, was cold in death, -for on the 6th of January Horton died and what was mortal of him was -borne out to the trenches to rest with the more than two score of his -comrades of the Thirty-ninth who had gone the sad way before him. And -thus perished almost 40,000 loyal men, faithful to the end and, "When -the Roll is Called up Yonder," it seems highly probable that the most -of those, who thus endured cold, hunger and every form of privation in -token of their appreciation of duty, will stand a fairly good chance of -being able to answer "Here." - - - - -FROM DIARY OF CORPORAL EDWARD H. LEWIS, CO. B. - - -As the Corporal's record goes over the same time and place of other -diarists, care is taken to avoid repetitions. - - Salisbury, the last of October--The death rate is heavy, owing to bad - weather and small rations; the latter also being poor in quality, - consisting of what is supposed to be coarsely ground corn meal, - including a great deal of the cob. It is mixed with hot water, no - salt or seasoning of any kind, and baked in large loaves, about three - inches thick and these loaves are cut into squares of about three and - one-half inches, the same being a ration for twenty-four hours. In - addition to this we have been having about three-quarters of a pint of - something called "soup." It is made of North Carolina peas (usually - called "cow-peas"), decayed bacon very active with maggots, and water, - the process of brewing being as follows: A large kettle receives its - bushels of peas, along with its due proportion of the said animated - bacon and the necessary liquid, and the combination is boiled until - the outer cuticle of the pea is loosened, scarcely longer, and then is - dipped out for the sustenance of Yankee unfortunates. Were this all, - it would not be so bad, but the foam which appears upon the surface - of the soup is very far from being unsubstantial, since therein float - hundreds of the vermicular denizens of peas and bacon. Not exactly as - appetizing as the bouillon of home preparation nor as clear, yet with - closed eyes and bated breath, we manage to enclose it, probably to our - bodily good, if not to the satisfaction of our several senses. - - * * * * * - - Nov. 10--Charles Wadsworth, Company B, dies to-day. - - Nov. 24--Many of the boys suffering from hunger, thirst and general - exposure, took the oath of allegiance to the Confederacy to-day, - thinking by so doing to find an opportunity to escape and reach our - lines; fully three hundred have done this during the month of November. - - Nov. 25--The attempt to break out of prison to-day was unsuccessful. - The prisoners were divided into three divisions, the first being - called the Wood Division, since it was expected to make the attack on - the big gates where wagons bring in our wood; the second division was - to break through the bakeries, while the third was to spike the pieces - of artillery that were trained upon the enclosure; mine was the Bread - Division and in the effort we lost six killed and ten wounded. - - Nov. 27--James Kilduff, Co. B, dies to-day. - - Dec. 5--Was asked to enlist in the Confederate army and thus escape - this terrible suffering. I replied most positively that I would stand - by the old Flag if I died here. - - Dec. 27--My shoes, such as they were, were stolen last night and I am - barefooted. Could only wrap my feet in rags which I picked up in small - pieces. Three rebel Catholic priests came into the prison to-day and - tried to influence our Catholic boys to serve in the Confederate army - and succeeded in getting many of them. - - Feb. 19--Leave Salisbury early in the evening, we know not where. - - Feb. 21--Arrive in Raleigh, N. C., this morning, where we are detained - during active military operations on and near the Cape Fear River, - near Wilmington, N. C. - - Mar. 5--Leave Wilmington on transports for Annapolis, Md., which we - reach on the 8th at 10 p. m. Here we are detained and enrolled, also - relieved of all clothing and reminders of prison life, Uncle Sam - issuing to us new suits of clothing. - - Mar. 15--Receive two months' pay and commutation for six months and - eleven days as prisoner, $84.50 in all. (The commutation covered half - rations for the prison period at 25 cents a day.) - - Mar. 16--Leave Annapolis, Parole Camp, for home, having a furlough - till April 13. - - April 14--Reach Baltimore on my return and at 11 p. m. hear the news - of President Lincoln's assassination; the returning prisoners, several - hundred in number, offer their services to the Provost Marshal in case - of need. - - April 21--Detailed to take charge of Barracks, No. 43 (Annapolis), and - am put to work on the pay roll for this barrack. - - May 3--Proceed from Annapolis to Camp Distribution, north of - Alexandria, Va. - - May 23--Leave camp for Washington via Chain Bridge and, having - rejoined my regiment, take part in the Grand Review. - - June 14--Paid off at Readville and discharged from the state service. - - June 20--With Co. K of the Thirty-fifth, my Company (B) of the - Thirty-ninth is given a reception and review by the City Government of - Roxbury who were in office 1862, and those on duty now. - - - - -JOHN F. LOCKE'S RECOLLECTIONS. - - - 'Twas a gloomy march from the immediate rear of the Confederate Army - to Petersburg and a weary night that was spent in the yard of the - penitentiary of that town. In the morning we were relieved of all - military equipments such as knapsacks, haversacks, canteens, etc., and - also all blankets, shelter-tents, overcoats, or extra clothing.... The - next day we were removed to an island in the Appomattox and the rain, - setting in, rendered the night hideous enough. The boys gathered in - squads and, sitting back to back, on the damp, spongy ground, tried to - sleep but, with such a hapless present and such a hopeless future, few - could enjoy that luxury. - - The next day the whole 1800 were escorted out of town about two miles, - that we might take the cars for Richmond. Three hard-tacks (the first - food received from our captors' hands) were given us to make us hungry - and that we might enjoy our excursion. The sound of the battle in - progress (the 21st) on the same ground where we were captured was - plainly heard, and we could but wish that the results might be more - favorable than those of the 19th.... Towards the last of the afternoon - we arrived in Richmond and as we alighted from the coal cars we were - told that only one hotel in the place could accommodate us and that - one was "The Libby" and, as we were strangers in town and might - wish to look around a little, we were escorted through some of the - principal streets. - - Finally the procession brought up in front of Libby and we were stowed - away in it; thus in nine of its rooms were packed 1800 men. We spent - a portion of our time in examining our new quarters, the walls of - which were covered with the names of former fellow sufferers. Here - we received our first half loaf of corn bread which was not so bad - in quality as it was in quantity. Then came orders from the Prison - Inspector, Dick Turner, to hand over all moneys to him for safe - keeping, and some unsophisticated ones obeyed, having their names - duly registered, but I have not heard that Turner gave any receipt - or that anything ever came back. After a very uncomfortable night, - owing to our crowded condition, we were glad to see the morning and - soon afterward we were taken across the street (Carey) to Pemberton - prison and distributed in its rooms in squads of twenty-five. Turner - soon came in and, in his insolent, arrogant style, ordered us to - strip ourselves that our clothes might be searched, for he was not - satisfied with the amount already given up. Stripped naked, and with - our clothing a few paces in front of us, we saw our garments searched - for valuables. - - Our wallets, watches, jackknives, rings and everything of comfort - or value that was not absolutely necessary was gathered into a heap - and Turner, with greedy eye, not only inspected but appropriated. At - the end of a long half hour we were permitted to dress and then were - conducted back to Libby, and other squads followed, the procession - continuing till well into the next day, everyone being pretty - thoroughly plucked. After all, many of the cunning Yankees were able - to circumvent the rebels, since bills of large denominations were - hidden in such queer places as ears, mouth and hair, thus enabling the - possessor to procure needed comforts in coming days. - - Having been, in this manner, completely robbed, we were formed in line - for Belle Isle; as the dismal name was sounded our spirits fell, for - we had heard the stories of suffering there, but to Belle Isle we went - and were conducted to one corner, containing about an acre and a half - of ground, enclosed by a low breastwork and a deadline. This part of - the island was so low that the spring freshets invariably covered it. - The soil is composed largely of sand and is prolific of fleas, bugs - and other kinds of insects too disagreeable to mention. The place - was extremely hot by day and, through its lowness, cold by night; - alternately roasted and all but frozen we passed seven miserable weeks - upon Belle Isle, but why thus named beautiful we could never imagine. - - For three weeks we were without shelter, then came six good A tents - for every squad of one hundred men. When it rained or was colder than - usual, we were wont to lower the tent upon us, using it as a blanket; - here we would lie and all but smother till the call for rations was - sounded the next morning at about nine o'clock. Our rations consisted - of a piece of corn bread, 5 x 2-1/2 in. in size and a small piece of - rancid bacon or boiled fresh beef. Towards three in the afternoon a - half pint of soup, composed of wormy beans, was issued and, though - the hogs of the keeper usually tasted it first, we relished it and - were glad to get it. While we thought this pretty hard fare, the time - was to come later when we looked back upon these days as those of - comparative plenty. - - By new arrivals our numbers were soon swollen to fully 6,000 men, - among them being a portion of a regiment of Germans so new to the - country that they were unacquainted with our language, hence a deal - of trouble for them, as in their ignorance they would wander over the - dead line after a chip for fuel, but they never returned. During the - day we were permitted to go to the water, through a narrow passage, - as often as we pleased, but at night only five were permitted to go - at a time. A sergeant (H. C. French) of Co. G, our regiment, having - taken his turn, was coming back and of course there was a rush to be - the next one to go down, by the boys in the yard, and in their haste - they pushed the sergeant, who was quite weak from illness, into the - ditch of the dead line. Without a word of warning he was instantly - shot dead by one of the sentries, the bullet passing through his - head. This sentinel was a young fellow of sixteen years who, with his - mother, while living near Mitchell's Station had been supplied with - food during the whole of the previous winter by the commissary of our - Brigade. We were told that he was paid for this act of ingratitude by - a two weeks' furlough home. - - An incident will illustrate the straits to which the lack of food will - drive otherwise decent men. We were counted regularly once a week, - usually on Saturdays, the object being to find out whether any were - escaping. To effect this numbering we were filed out, one by one, into - a vacant lot which bordered on the river. While here one day, several - of the boys completely buried themselves in the sand, hoping to get - away from the island in the following night. No loss was suspected - on our return but, during the afternoon, a poor hungry wretch went to - the gate and, calling for the sergeant of the guard, offered to reveal - something of importance if he would give him a loaf of bread. The - rebel agreed, whereupon he was shown where the Yankees were concealed - in the sand. It is only fair for the sergeant to state that he knocked - the informer down with the butt of his musket, saying that if he were - as mean as that, he would go and kill himself. - - The Confederate mode of punishing petty offenses among us was most - cruel. The culprit was placed astride a tall, carpenter's horse, some - six feet in height, and ropes were tied to his feet, fastened to the - ground and then drawn as taut as possible; his hands were fastened - behind him and tied to the horse. In this condition the unhappy - sufferer was obliged to pass three or four hours; most always they - were taken down insensible and some of them never recovered from this - brutal usage. On the 5th of October came orders to be ready to march. - Joyfully we obeyed, confident that our destination was the land of - the Stars and Stripes, though rations of a loaf and a half of corn - bread clearly pointed in another direction, our halting place being - on the south side of the James where, by the side of the Richmond and - Danville R. R., we lay all day eating our three days' rations. At 5 p. - m. a train of baggage cars drew up and the painful fact dawned upon us - that we were simply going to exchange one prison for another. - - So closely were we packed, lying or sitting was out of the question - and all had to stand. We reached Salisbury, N. C., three days after - leaving Belle Isle, and in the evening of the 8th we were turned - into the prison enclosure where we saw very little to invite us, - though the place was comparatively clean then. The light of fires - revealed the shivering forms of unhappy prisoners who had preceded - us to this place of detention. It was one of the coldest of autumnal - nights and we came so late no provision had been made for us, so, - hungry as we were after fasting two days, tired and cold, we faced - the uncomfortable night. Worn out with hunger and fatigue, we threw - ourselves on the frozen ground with no covering save the heavens, - which were very cold that night; dressed, the most of us, in summer - blouses with no underclothing, it was one continuous shiver till the - rising sun gladdened our eyes and warmed our bodies. We lay down close - to each other but, as the night grew colder and the wind whistled more - sharply, the end men with one side exposed, unable to endure the cold - longer, would leave for some fire or exercise till at last the entire - line would dwindle away. - - A day's ration of half a loaf of wheat bread and a nice slice of - meat put us in proper condition to examine our quarters. The field - comprised about seven acres, somewhat triangular in shape with a - twelve-foot-high board-fence surrounding it, on whose outside, about - four feet from the top, was a continuous platform for the sentries. - Facing the entrance were three little brick houses about 30 x 15 and - at their right, at right angles, were three other similar buildings; - in one corner stood a large brick edifice, formerly a cotton - factory, now called the penitentiary, adjoining which was the prison - cook-house; near by were two wooden buildings, one a hospital, the - other occupied by citizen prisoners; of the large structure, three - rooms were occupied by deserters from our army, and two others by - rebel deserters, than whom a more graceless lot I never saw. On the - north side of the prison-yard and back of the brick buildings were - four wooden shanties, built of rough timbers and occupied by our - officers who were captured when we were, separated from us only by the - beat and bayonet of the sentinel. - - Wood was brought in and distributed in a very peculiar manner, since - everybody attacked the load at once and to the strong went the major - part of the fuel, while the weaker men had to suffer. On our arrival, - the whole enclosure was covered with grass, but it soon disappeared. - Meanwhile the days were growing colder and our appetites keener; on - our way hither I had sold the stockings off my feet for a boiled beet, - now I exchanged a good pair of pantaloons for a miserable rebel pair - and five dollars, Confederate scrip, and though my blouse was about - worn out I felt as happy as a lark in so doing, for by the proceeds - I was able to buy another pair of socks and had enough money left - for little extras of food for a week or ten days. There were only - three wells in the enclosure (four more were dug later) which yielded - hardly water enough for drink, thus putting bathing entirely out of - the question. There being no bucket for drawing the water, we supplied - its place by our tin cups, which we lowered with strings made from - suspenders and bootlegs. Through constant dipping the wells were - transformed into mudholes, so that a nominal quart of water was really - one-fourth red clay. - - Made desperate by the prospects of the coming winter, a plan for an - escape was formed to be led by General Joseph Hayes (formerly Colonel - Eighteenth Massachusetts Volunteers commanding First Brigade, Second - Division, Fifth Corps; captured at the Weldon R. R.) but discovery of - the plot resulted in the removal of the officers to Danville, Va., - and the collapse of the scheme. For the distribution of food the - prisoners were divided into divisions of one thousand each and these - into squads of one hundred, each one being looked after by a sergeant - from its own numbers. About the 1st of November tents were issued, - two to a squad, ours receiving for one the fly of an officer's tent, - the other a small McClellan, the two affording protection for only a - small part of the squad, and those who got any good from them were the - immediate friends of the sergeant. All others had to seek cover under - ground which they secured by digging holes, somewhat larger than those - of woodchucks, but of the same general nature. Pitiable indeed was the - condition of the men by this time, since the heavy rains had turned - the whole enclosure into a veritable pig-sty whose soft red clay could - be made into bricks without further mixing. - - The death-rate increased at an alarming rate, so that from forty to - fifty were carried out each day to the dead-house. Nearly all of the - workshops had been changed into hospitals, also two floors of the old - factory building. The dead-house was one of the lower floors of one of - the work-shops where, when the weather was bad and the dead were not - readily removed, as many as eighty corpses, stark and cold, could be - seen piled one upon the other like corded wood. On the coming of the - cart to remove them, they were thrown into the same with the least - formality possible and so carried off. As we had no means of bathing, - one of the worst features of the yard was the mass of animated insect - life. Oh! the horrors of such creatures! Through them it might be said - that we suffered a thousand deaths. Never at rest, always vigorous, - they inhabited every nook and crevice of that dismal yard. They were - worse than death. The terrors of a Spanish Inquisition could not bring - to bear a mode of torture so vile as these filthy vermin. - - Then the state of the yard! The principal diseases were dysentery and - pneumonia, so that disease bred corruption and malaria. Those who - were taken sick, if their squad sergeant were attentive, were carried - to Hospital No. 3, and if, on examination, it were evident that the - ailment was incurable, he was sent to a hospital to die. The good - wheat bread of our earlier rations was changed to corn bread, made - of the coarsest cob meal and given to us with rancid molasses. Meat - was issued, after a time, about once in fifteen days and then at the - rate of eight pounds of beef and bones to a hundred men. At such times - all parts of the creatures were used; the heads with eyes and horns - still attached were often issued and in some way made victuals of. All - small bones capable of being chewed were swallowed as a dog gulps his - osseous food and the larger and harder ones were crushed with stones - and boiled for hours; the soup thus obtained was thought a great - luxury. To obtain salt a day's ration would be exchanged for enough of - this necessity to last a fortnight or so, of course the exchange meant - a fast for the day whose ration was traded. - - Occasionally flour or meal was given us in the raw and without salt; - this was cooked into paste and gruel and very thankful all were to - get it; oftentimes the prisoners were kept on one-half the regular - rations, possibly one-quarter of the time, and sometimes we went as - many as three days with no bread whatever. It was this starvation - process that drove good men to enlist in the southern army. About - the 12th of November a thick cup of rice soup was given out; the - next and the following day, we got only rice water, then came flour - without salt. Wood was now issued regularly, each squad getting four - sticks of eight foot timber. This particular afternoon it was green - pine. To add to our troubles a mist arose, so that the only way we - could cook our food was by piling the logs on top of each other and - placing a coal underneath which we took turns in keeping alive with - our breath, till all had cooked their meal. It was a hapless sight - that we afforded that afternoon, black with dirt and smoke, as we ate - our food. We had gone so long without food that we had almost lost the - sense of hunger and this little meal only served to wake our appetite. - Before eating my ration, I could walk about the yard without resting; - afterwards I was so weak that I fainted in going to my tent, for I was - failing rapidly; my old pantaloons were worn out and slit from the - knee downward; the sleeves of my shirt and blouse were almost gone, my - shoes and socks worn through, my hair matted with dirt and filth, my - complexion that of a negro, my body truly was more dead than alive. - - My condition was that of my associates in misery, and it was then - that the rebel authorities opened a recruiting station in our midst, - offering a loaf of bread and fifty dollars in gold to each one who - would enlist; six hundred went out. With the exception of a few - desperate characters, all hearts were softened at the sight of so much - misery, the faint hearted had mostly enlisted in the rebel ranks and - those who remained were true blue and had determined, live or die, to - stand fast to their principles. Without anything being said, oaths - began to be dropped and testaments to be read; while cant was never so - ridiculous and intolerable, true religion and a pure morality began to - be the life of the mass. - - About the last of November, a friend with whom I had become acquainted - on Belle Isle was appointed wardmaster of Hospital No. 5; hearing - of my condition, he sent for me. I went and was received like a - brother, the dirt washed from me, there being plenty of water in the - hospitals, clothes taken from men who had died were given me and I was - nursed, cared for and fed out of his own rations till my life, which - was slowly ebbing away, was coaxed back again. This friend, a total - stranger before my capture, was a sergeant in a Pennsylvania cavalry - regiment and our acquaintance began at a devotional meeting where were - laid the foundations of the strongest Christian friendship. He was - a veritable ministering angel to all those who came under his care, - and from his conduct I learned that Christianity was not merely a - sentiment but a life, not an idea but a reality. - - As remarked before, few cases were admitted to the hospital that were - not considered hopeless; from our ward of two rooms, having forty - patients, five or six would be carried to the dead-house every night. - Army surgeons are bad enough anywhere, but those provided at Salisbury - were worse than the common run. Coming in at the time appointed, they - never came at any other, they would go along the line of men lying on - the floor, hitting the patient with their feet to attract attention, - would contemptuously inquire, "Well, what's the matter with you - to-day?" and, without waiting for a reply, would prescribe any one of - the medicines that happened to cross their minds. There were, indeed, - three honorable exceptions, but they could only express their sympathy - by words of encouragement. Our ward doctor, the most of the time, was - a medical student of the latter class. - - November 25th came a decided effort to break out; unfortunately the - plot had not been worked up so that a sufficient number understood - the plan, so that the effort was made at two instead of four o'clock, - when only three divisions had been prepared. On the appearance of - the relief at that time, someone gave the watchword, "Who's for - liberty?" and, as quick as a flash, every one of those sentinels was - disarmed and the boys were using their guns against the sentinels - on the fence. The noise of the struggle of course soon brought the - troops to the scene and forming on the fence began firing. If theirs - had been the only resistance, we might have succeeded; unfortunately - for us, the Sixty-ninth North Carolina, a newly recruited regiment, - was just outside, awaiting transportation, and they were brought to - the support of the guards, and many of the Salisbury citizens, afraid - of their property if we got away, trotted down with their fowling - pieces and old flintlocks. The fence was soon covered with enemies - who began a murderous fire on every tent in the yard, though not a - third part of the prisoners knew what was up until it was too late - and then, recognizing the hopelessness of the effort, everyone tried - to hide himself from the terrible fire. The guards having recovered - from their fright proceeded to exercise vengeance by discharging the - two pieces of artillery loaded with boiler screws amongst us. No one - knows how many were killed, but sixty or seventy were wounded, most - of them lying in their tents. The wounded were all placed in the same - hospital, were all treated with the same surgical tools and gangrene - set in with all, and all, save two or three, died. - - Of my company (E) twenty-four were captured, the most of them strong - healthy men. As the winter advanced and the cold grew more intense, - many of them lost hope and dropped away. From my position in the - hospital, to which I had been elected after recovering sufficient - strength, I was able to be of help to them. I passed out crust-coffee - and opium pills whenever I could get them. The stoutest hearted man - in the company was the first to die. A native of Maine, a blacksmith - by trade, Jones seemed the one best fitted to endure hardship, - yet, allowing himself to become disheartened, he quickly fell a - prey to disease. On one of my visits to the boys I found one of - them, a corporal (Glines), failing fast. I asked permission of the - superintendent to admit him to the hospital as a patient and it was - granted. Two days later, I heard that another corporal (Horton) of - my company, a near neighbor and friend at home, wished to see me. I - found him lying in the mud of his tent, and I knew by the look of his - face that he could not live. He asked me if I could do anything for - him or, at least, give him some opium. I got some of the pills for - him and told him I would do what I could towards getting him into the - hospital. Knowing that he could not live much longer he said, "Tell - the folks at home I died trying to do my duty and thinking of them." - Going back to the ward, I besought the privilege of bringing him to - the hospital. The superintendent replied that there was no vacancy, - but would be on the morrow, but I might go after supper and get him - and give him a place under a bunk. I went upstairs and cooked our - scanty meal and, while doing so, the night patients were brought in. - While eating my supper, one of the nurses, a pompous fellow, came in - and said that one of the patients was a young fellow who insisted on - seeing me before going under his bunk. On being told that I was busy - upstairs the nurse said he whined, "I wish you would call Johnnie, one - moment," but he put a stop to his "nonsense," as the nurse said, by - showing him his place for the night and said that he had fainted in - taking it. Indignant that my friend had been denied so small a favor, - I hurried down to the place where he had been put and cried, "Fred," - and, as no answer came I supposed him asleep and thought I would not - disturb him. After finishing my work at midnight, I went upstairs - to retire; shortly afterward the nurse in attendance called that a - corporal, under the bunks, was dead. Hurrying down, I found my friend - stiff and cold in death in the middle of the floor. A friend and - playmate from boyhood, the merriest boy of us all, smart in school, - most joyous in sport, he was the life of our youthful circle. We had - enlisted together; his parents, brothers and sisters were all well - known to me and I must tell the sad story to them--how he had died in - a hospital of which I was an attendant, yet had been unable to comfort - him in his dying hours. The sight of my grief was a good lesson to the - nurses who were more ready to grant favors thereafter. Horton, the - other corporal, died the same night. - - A great many died from the effects of the cold weather; numbers of - them had their feet frost-bitten and, as they were not taken care of, - mortification set in, to be followed by death. Many a poor fellow, - weak with disease, left his tent at night, and, stumbling in the - darkness would fall and being too weak to call for help would be found - in the morning a frozen corpse. Finally, without any warning, on the - to us ever memorable 20th of February, '65, orders came to have the - sick ready for removal. It was with joyful hearts that we obeyed and, - when the gate was opened that we might carry them out, we could hardly - contain ourselves for joy. Only when the cars had fully started could - we realize that Salisbury, with its filth and dirt, its misery and - degradation, its dying and dead, was being left for good. With feeble - voices we sang "Praise God from Whom all Blessings Flow" and many a - prayer of thanksgiving was breathed that we had lived to see the glad - hour. - - - - -SERGT. MAJOR C. K. CONN - - -Sergt. Major Chas. K. Conn, originally of Company K, was wounded May 8, -'64, captured and carried to Richmond. After recovering from his wounds -he was retained as a clerk, one of his duties being to make out the -lists of those who were to be paroled. Having a happy thought one day -while preparing a roll of names, he wrote his own among those of men -about to start for God's country, and when the party in charge called -for those thus enumerated, Conn stepped forth with the invalids to -whom parole privileges were confined in 1864. One of the Confederate -officers, noticing him among the sick men, asked him what he was doing -there. To the query the quick witted Yankee replied, "I heard my name -called and so responded." The facts in the case were not discovered -till after Conn had gone too far to be called back, though he felt -extremely shaky until he was safely aboard the Union vessel. - - - - -J. F. LESLIE'S RUSE - - -This Company K man thought his liberty worth risking something for; -captured Aug. 19, '64, he too had been taken to Richmond, "Libby" and -Belle Isle, where he informed his comrades he purposed trying the -sick dodge by way of the hospital, for he had discerned that the sick -and wounded would go first. His friends tried to dissuade him, saying -that he would surely be found out and might be made to suffer all the -more on account of his attempted cheat. He tried the rebel doctor -every morning with his complaints, but was careful to take none of -the latter's medicine, throwing all of it away. At last the surgeon, -suspecting shamming on the Yankee's part, prepared a Spanish-fly -plaster, 4 x 8 inches in size, which could not be disposed of as his -medicine had been. Leslie put it on his body, keeping it on all night, -and when he visited the doctor in the morning and was asked if it had -had any effect he was able to show a blister the full size of the -plaster. This convinced the officer that our man was not shamming, for -as he said, "Any man who could stand that could not be 'playing it'," -so he was sent to the hospital in Richmond, "Yankee, 21," as it was -called. On getting there he hardly dared move for fear of being sent -back. One morning the hospital doctor, saying that he would give him -something to make him sleep, left a potion with the injunction to make -sure that it was taken; there was no way open but to take it, but it -was spat out the moment the steward passed to the next patient. The -look of astonishment on the doctor's face the next morning convinced -the patient that it was a dose for final sleep that the surgeon had -prepared; at any rate he never came near Leslie's cot again. In a few -days the "artful dodger" was paroled, while his comrades were sent to -Salisbury and Andersonville where the most of them died. - - - - -CORPORAL CHARLES H. BARNES' STORY. - - -A picture of Andersonville, as it appeared in the summer and fall of -1864 and the following winter, is drawn by Corporal Charles H. Barnes -of Co. I, who was wounded the 8th of May and, two weeks later, while -going from Fredericksburg to Belle Plain Landing, on his way with -others to Washington and Convalescent Camp, was captured, carried -to Richmond and shut up in Libby Prison, where he passed through -the usual experience of being searched, etc. Three weeks later in -company with more than a thousand fellow prisoners, he was started for -Andersonville, Georgia; having ninety of them in an ordinary box car -was pretty close work, since they could neither sit nor lie down, so -had to stand. At Goldsboro they were unloaded and like cattle turned -into a pasture without supper or shelter, but unlike cattle they -could not eat the grass about them; rain was falling hard and, wet to -the skin, they had to stand closely together for the sake of warmth. -Starting again in the morning they reached Andersonville, just a week -after leaving Richmond, the cars running only about three miles an -hour, any greater speed being provocative of accident:-- - - I was wearing a pair of boots that came to me from home the day I was - taken prisoner and I hated to part with them, but I got so hungry when - on the cars that I traded them with one of the guards for a dozen - biscuits and a pair of old shoes full of holes. I ate the biscuits - pretty quick, and still was as famished as before, and I wished I - had the boots back to trade again. We were told that it was a lovely - place inside of the stockade, but we found it quite the reverse. - There were 39,000 men within the enclosure living in holes and tents - made of pieces of old shirts, blankets and anything they could get - that would hold together. When we marched in, we had to stand a while - before assignment to some place in which to stay, when some of the - men, already initiated, said that we had better be looking for places - to camp in, we having thought that some sort of shelter would be given - us. So we hunted around and found a soft bit of earth which some - fifteen of us occupied; ere long some of the old timers came round to - see if we had anything they might wish. On waking, the next morning, - each man found his pocket cut, but the thieves got nothing, since - every man was dead broke. - - There were two stockades, one inside the other, about twenty feet - apart and as many feet high in most places; along the top were - shelters for the guard and about twelve feet from the inner wall was - the dead line. It was made of scantling nailed on the top of posts, - about four feet in height and if a prisoner touched it, which he - was quite likely to do, the guards would shoot him if they could. A - small brook ran through the middle of the yard; sluggish generally, - it became a raging torrent after severe rains. One day some of the - stockade fell over into the water and some of the prisoners swam out - to the floating logs and so raced out to freedom, for they were going - too rapidly to be recaptured. For our first twenty days it rained - nearly all the time and the only cover our party had was a piece of - an old blanket, which as many as possible would put over their heads - while the rest ran around trying to keep warm until the time came to - exchange, an all day and all night series. - - After some searching I found four members of my own regiment, they - having a tent made of old shirts and parts of old blankets which - they had pinned together with broken sticks. Three of the boys could - scarcely move on account of the scurvy, but one of them asked me to - come in and stay with them, which I was glad to do, though I had to - lie at their feet until one of them passed on, only a few days later. - Shortly afterwards the other ones died and two of the Thirty-ninth had - what was left which, while it did not keep out the rain, did keep off - the direct sun, a no small comfort in that terribly hot place. We had - two half pieces of blankets, nearly used up and almost covered with - what Robert Burns called "crawlin' ferlies," the fearful pests of our - lives. I undertook one day to wash my shirt, trying first one corner - of it which went to pieces, so I dried the garment carefully and - without further effort at washing wore it almost nine months. - - First and last many tunnels were dug, in several of which I bore a - hand; I don't know how many succeeded in getting out but there must - have been several hundred; bloodhounds were put on their track and - those who were brought back were put in the chain-gang. Among so many - men there must be some bad ones, a few very bad; they even resorted - to murder in their efforts to secure what some of the prisoners - possessed. To rid themselves of this terrible set of evil men a - vigilance committee of the well disposed was organized and by sheer - force of numbers, overpowered and sentenced to death six of them. The - rebels, to their credit, furnished material for the gibbet and the - execution took place, much to the relief of those who had to continue - there. - - Our drinking water came from holes in the ground four or five feet - deep; while it was pretty clear, there were many dead maggots in the - bottom, though we did not mind them, thinking the water so much better - than that in the brook. One day in August a stream of water broke out - just inside of the inner stockade; it ran all of the time, but the - dead line was between us and the water; we procured boards and made a - trough and then got permission to put it up, so that we had fine water - all the rest of the time we were there. To this day it is known as - the Providence Spring. Aside from scurvy, severe enough to loosen my - teeth, I was not sick a day while in the prison. Our rations for the - most part were a pint of boiled rice without any salt for twenty-four - hours and oftener it would be forty-eight, for every time Captain Wirz - discovered a new tunnel he would punish all of us by skipping our - rations. Occasionally we would get some small black beans, such as the - planters raised for their hogs; these we would try to cook with green - pitch-pine with results that can be imagined. I have blown myself - black in the face many a time trying to cook them and then had to eat - them raw. - - There was a sick call every day and when a man answered the same, all - he got for his pains was a dose of sumach berries. No matter what the - complaint might be the remedy was always the same, for it was all they - had to give. Sometimes a man could be seen buried up to his chin; he - had the rheumatism and if he could endure the antidote two or three - days, he would come out cured. One boy, to get some extra food, told - the captain one day where a new tunnel was in progress, and after the - officer had gone out, the men shaved one side of his head and on his - breast and back put big placards, bearing in big black letters the - word "Traitor." He was then marched all over the camp and tormented - almost to death; the enemy finally took him outside, which was just - what he wanted. - - After Stoneman's raid, the rebels thinking Andersonville no longer - safe began to distribute us elsewhere and I sampled the bull-pen of - Savannah, Ga.; the stockade of Millen, also in Georgia; and then was - sent back to Savannah where I was paroled and sent down the River, - to go on board a Union steamer; the sight of the Stars and Stripes - brought tears to every eye. On board, our heads were shaved, we - were bathed, clad anew and were judiciously fed; our old clothes - went overboard. After reaching Annapolis I tipped the scales at - seventy-five pounds, less than half my weight when I enlisted. After - a brief stay in Parole Camp, I was paid off and sent home on a thirty - days' furlough, where I was sick all of the time, but I returned to - the camp at the end of the time to be furloughed again, this time for - sixty days. On getting back to camp the second time, and wearying of - it, I put my name down among those to be returned to their regiments - and I reached mine the day after Lee surrendered. - - - - -REGIMENTAL VETERAN ASSOCIATION - - -The beginnings of the Association seem to have been lost in the -interval between 1867 and the present; it is agreed, however, that the -first four meetings were held in Boston hotels and that they were not -very largely attended. The time was too near the date of getting home -and the pleasures of that supreme event far outweighed any rehearsal -of common dangers in war-experiences. Of the 5th gathering, the first -basket picnic of the veterans of the Thirty-ninth and their lady -friends, there is in substance the following account: - -Downer's Landing, Hingham, was the place and Thursday, August 17th, -the date; the party, numbering 300, left Litchfield's Wharf at 9.15 -a. m. on steamers "Wm. Harrison" and "Emeline," arriving about 11 -o'clock; a half mile walk brought all parties to the "Melville Gardens" -which had been hired for the day. Noon saw the tables spread with -the many good things brought by the members. Before repairing to the -hall for dancing, Colonel C. H. Porter, President of the Association, -introduced as speakers, Lieut. Colonel Hutchins, Major Graham, Captain -Brigham, Lieuts. Mulligan and Mills, Sergeants Eames and Gardner. At -3 p. m. came a dress parade with one hundred and fifty men in line, -Colonels Porter and Hutchins dividing the honors of commanding. A -letter was read from General G. K. Warren, regretting his inability to -be present, a disappointment to the veterans, as they had expected to -meet their former commander once more; everyone of the Regiment and, -for that matter, every regiment in the Fifth Corps, holding the officer -in the highest esteem. On the formation of the line and led by Edmunds -Band, the company marched back to the landing, reaching Boston at 5.15 -o'clock, all happy and conscious that the presence of the ladies had -added no little to the enjoyment of the day. - -The reunions of 1872, '73 and '74 were held in Boston Hotels; in 1875, -Oct. 6th in Woburn was held the most notable of the Association's -gatherings thus far, General Warren being the distinguished guest and -Company K, along with citizens of Woburn, the hosts. There were present -166 men with General Peirson at their head; drum corps and brass bands -furnished music and everyone joined heartily in the reception to the -eminent soldier. At the rooms of the selectmen, the public had a chance -to meet General Warren. At the armory the meeting was called to order -by Captain Hutchins and the chief feature was the presentation to -General Warren of a magnificent Maltese Cross in Gold, the badge of the -Fifth Corps, the cost $100.00 having been met by the veterans. In the -afternoon a banquet was served in Lyceum Hall to more than four hundred -guests, the good people of the town having vied with each other in -making the occasion memorable. At the post prandial exercises, remarks -were made by Captains Hutchins and Tidd; there was an extended address -by J. A. Harvey, Co. C, followed by the introduction of Sergt. Abijah -Thompson, Co. K, as Toastmaster, who read an original poem after which, -and the playing by the band of "Hail to the Chief," General Warren -spoke briefly to the following effect, "I rise to acknowledge the kind -attentions I have received to-day. Those who have spoken have referred -in such kind terms to me, and your marks of approbation have been so -many that I do not feel prepared to speak for the Fifth Army Corps, as -I could wish. I hope you will excuse me. I shall carry from this place -a sense of having been honored more than I deserve. (Cries of no, no.) -The feelings which this day has inspired will always remain, and you -have laid on me a debt of gratitude I never can repay." Col. C. H. -Porter responded for General Peirson, letters were read from General J. -C. Robinson, and Colonels Farnham and Tilden of the Sixteenth Maine; -further responses to toasts were given by Maj. Ambrose Bancroft of the -Thirty-second Regiment, Capt. J. P. Crane of the Twenty-second, Capt. -C. S. Converse of the Fifth, Lieut. John L. Parker of the Eleventh and -others, the exercises terminating in an evening's levee which lasted -till midnight. - -The Centennial year, 1876, found the veterans 150 strong in Natick, the -guests of Co. I.; 1877, August 28th, Co. D of Quincy did the hospitable -act with 220 comrades present. In 1878, Co. E of Somerville, on the -6th of Sept, helped celebrate the 16th anniversary of the departure -of the Regiment with 225 veterans in attendance, the event gaining -unwonted interest through the presence of General John C. Robinson who -had been the Division Commander of the Regiment at the Wilderness and -at Spottsylvania, losing there a leg; there was a spirited address by -Mayor Bruce of Somerville, an extended historical paper by Col. C. H. -Porter with speeches of greater or less length by Gov. A. H. Rice, -Gen'l N. P. Banks, Collector Beard, Secretary Pierce, Speaker Long, -General Peirson and others, the celebration continuing with music and -dancing till after midnight. A pleasant feature of the afternoon was -the presentation of an elegant punch bowl and ladle to General Robinson -by Lieut. C. K. Conn to whose words the General responded so happily -that all recognized him as a good talker as well as fighter. - -[Illustration: - Newport Sept. 1. 1878 - - Capt. Chas H Porter - No. 27 State Street - Boston Mass - - My dear friend - - I am very sorry that the necessity for being in New York City on - the 6th prevents my being with you at Somerville. - - The 39th Massachusetts have been exceptionally kind to me, and I - am grateful for it. I have got hard work to do to set right the - record of my army career, and the recollection of this friendly - feeling helps to keep up my nerves for going through with the - undertaking. - - I hope you will all have a fine day and a happy one. - - Yours truly - G. K. Warren] - -August 27th, 1879, found the survivors of the Thirty-ninth in Taunton, -guests of Co. F with Capt. J. J. Cooper president of the day and 125 -veterans on hand; Adjutant O. A. Barker welcomed the old soldiers to -the city and after a short business meeting, line was formed for the -Agricultural Fair Grounds where Hiram Maxfield of Silver Springs fame -served one of his imitable clambakes. In 1880, Sept. 15th, Medford was -the entertaining place with Co. C at the front, Jas. A. Harvey being -President. Oct. 5th, '81, the "old boys" came back to Woburn again, -the reception being in the hands of the following named men of Company -K., C. K. Conn., Geo. E. Fowle, Capt. L. R. Tidd, A. L. Richardson, -J. F. Ramsdell, A. P. Barrett, J. Fred Leslie, A. Thompson and A. R. -Linscott. Again Woburn has the honor of entertaining General G. K. -Warren and he is accompanied by General J. C. Robinson, the valiant -Division Commander, along with General Peirson, the ever popular -regimental commander. At the dinner which was served in Lyceum Hall, -remarks were made by those named above, Col. Porter and others. Before -another reunion, General Warren will have passed away. - -The regimental line formed again in Natick, Oct. 10, 1882; again Co. I -plays the role of entertainers with fully 150 survivors to honor the -occasion. Dinner was served in Concert Hall; Col. C. H. Porter spoke -at length in praise of General Warren who had died the 8th day of the -preceding August; resolutions of sympathy and respect were passed by -the veterans and a contribution was made to a Fifth Corps fund to honor -the General's memory. Remarks followed by Comrades Barrett, "K"; Beck, -"C"; Locke, "E"; Eames, "C"; Oliver, "E," and others. 1883 brought the -veterans to Quincy again with Co. D. Point Shirley in Winthrop was the -place of meeting, August 26, 1884, with Co. H as entertainers. Roxbury, -the home of Co. B, entertained next, Sept. 23, 1885. Company G came to -the front Sept. 16, 1886, at Nantasket. The ladies of Somerville, in -behalf of Co. E, furnish the dinner for the reunion of 1887, Sept. 6th. -Through the selection of the Executive Committee, Bass Point was the -place of meeting in 1888. Sept. 11, 1889, brought the clans to Medford, -once more, with Co. C. - -Sept. 24, 1890, the beginning of another decade, brings the veterans -to Woburn, the home of Co. K, for the third time. As usual, great -preparations were made for the reception, the principal guests, aside -from the veterans themselves, being the widow and daughter of General -Warren, and General Peirson and wife who with the wife of Mayor -Johnson and the wife of the Hon. John Cummings formed the receiving -line in the hall of the Y. M. C. A. The formalities of the occasion -were conducted by Colonel C. H. Porter and Sergeant Abijah Thompson, -"K," and 166 survivors pressed forward, glad of the opportunity of -grasping the hands of their friends. Dinner was served in Lyceum Hall. -The after-dinner exercises were presided over most happily by Sergt. -Thompson who introduced Mayor Johnson, General Peirson, the Hon. John -Cummings, Colonel Porter and others. Company A was the host Sept. -7, 1891, at the old Lynnfield camping-ground, and the occasion was -rendered notable by the following paper, prepared for the day by Lieut. -Elbridge Bradshaw of Co. H: - - -A VACATION IDYL - - Some thirty years ago, leading a sedentary life and gradually sinking - into a semi-bituminated condition, my medical adviser, alarmed at my - symptoms, ordered travel and change of scenery. Having learned that - Virginia contained more travel and scenery to the square mile than - any other spot on the globe, I determined on visiting that State. - Being of a timid nature and fond of Company, I joined myself to - about a thousand other invalids, similarly afflicted, and seeking - the same remedy, forming ourselves into a methodical organization. - For convenience we divided ourselves up into groups of one hundred - men each, using for purposes of distinction the first eleven letters - of the alphabet, omitting the letter J. For menial service, i. e. - to look after our physical wants, each group hired for such purpose, - six servants, viz. a captain, two lieutenants, with a cook, a drummer - and a bugler or fifer, the latter two being hired to wake the - excursionists in the morning. To keep these captains and lieutenants - in order, we placed over them a colonel, a lieut. colonel and a major, - at the same time they being our head servants or butlers. These people - added to themselves an adjutant to run errands, a chaplain, a doctor - and a pill-driver. To insure a faithful discharge of duty, from each - group were chosen a dozen fellows called sergeants and corporals who - were set over the others. - - Virginia at this time being in a tumultuous condition, and the U. - S. Government having heard of our organization's plan of travel and - objective points, invited us, through its Chief Magistrate, to walk - over Virginia as peace officers, punching the heads of belligerants - and arguing with the discontented, an invitation which we accepted. - When President Lincoln secured our services he loaded us with - benefits, first massing us at Lynnfield, giving us canvass houses to - protect us from the dew and damp, sweet straw to nestle in, a pretty - blue uniform, a belt to keep us from bursting, an iron toothpick, a - tube of iron with a wooden handle, a little black bureau, in which to - keep our collars, cuffs and bric-a-brac, a black cotton pantry for - provisions and plates, with a round tin vessel for whiskey. Uncle Sam - also gave our servants (the shoulder-strapped ones) toasting forks to - stick pigs with and red sashes with which to gird their persons when - running and chasing the pigs down. Rendered proud and arrogant by - their good clothes and shoulder straps, our servants rose on us and - captured our organization, styling themselves our superior officers, - and our entire body the Thirty-ninth Regiment of Massachusetts - Volunteers. To give the usurpation a flavor of legality, they procured - from Governor Andrew commissions indicating officially their rank - and authority. On the whole they exercised their powers with great - moderation and kindness. - - Though to the last, we suffered them to think themselves our - superiors, yet in reality, they still continued to be our servants, - caring for our food, clothing and morals, furnishing us clean, airy - lodgings having adequate fire-escapes, so that in fact we had nothing - on our minds worth mentioning and all we had to do was to travel and - fight; in a word, take our pleasure. They also taught us many pretty - and amusing tricks; how to stand up straight in rows to be shot at; - to abstain from whiskey (with quinine in it); to use the pickaxe and - spade with the least expenditure of muscular energy and, in mud and - night marches, to say our prayers without even stopping. As soon as - we could march without scalping each other's heels, we left Lynnfield - for active service and mighty active it proved on the start, our first - engagement being a footrace against time through Boston. We left - Lynnfield with cooked rations, meaning saltpork and hardtack. - - How dear to this heart is the old army hardtack, - As Lynnfield's reunion presents them to view; - When eaten with raw pork or fried into doughnuts, - The rations that beat him, are scat'ring and few. - How oft in our marches, he's braced up our courage, - As with gnawing and growling we've hobbled along; - Oh! well may the hardtack, the old army hardtack - Prove a classical theme for an old veteran's song. - - That dear army hardtack was a limber old codger, - In the hands of a Thirty-ninth's amateur cook; - In his grip, the old hardtack took metamorphosis - Not mentioned by Ovid, nor in Parloa's cook-book, - As a pudding or pie in a cob-house as a dumpling, - As a fry or a toast, or a raw on the shell; - That old army hardtack, that blessed old hardtack! - For every recipe turned out equally well. - - I have eaten high banquets at Young's and at Parker's, - I have tasted their beef, roast turkey and lamb; - But all of these dishes are flat and insipid, - Beside the old hardtack of dear Uncle Sam; - For the old army hardtack is seasoned with memories - Of battles and sieges when wearing the blue; - Of marchings and flankings and digging of trenches, - And loving communion with old comrades too. - - The old army hardtack speaks, too, of dear comrades, - Whose faces are missing to-day in our line; - Their battles all fought, their warfare all ended, - But whose virtues still live in mem'ry's pure shrine, - Then cheer the old hardtack, the square army hardtack, - Who was flinty and wormy at times, I must own, - But when at Mine Run, he took a vacation, - His absence was greeted with many a moan. - - Chorus. - - The old flinty hardtack, the iron bound hardtack; - The moss-covered hardtack, we all knew him well. - - Travelling the next three years through Virginia and its environments, - we were often obstructed by mud and other earthern impediments, - and the scenery was much disfigured and frequently obliterated by - sulphurous clouds of smoke, hence excursioning for health and pleasure - was, on the whole, a failure. Speaking for myself, individually, the - climate didn't agree with me a bit. This I attribute largely to the - horizontal metallic showers with which that region was infested and - against which no ordinary cotton umbrella was an adequate protection. - Indeed the atmosphere was so impregnated with little pellets of lead - and ragged chunks of cast iron, that my system must have absorbed - about fifty-five pounds of old junk and brought it home with me for, - on my return, I weighed 190 lbs. against 135 when I left Lynnfield. - -Natick with its Company I entertained for the third time, October 5, -1892; Quincy and Co. D did the hospitable act, also for the third time, -in 1893, August 30; Roxbury and Company B were the entertainers in 1894 -and Co. H of Dorchester received at the U. S. Hotel, Boston, Sept. -25, 1895; for 1896, no record is found, but Sept. 6, 1897, Co. E and -Somerville appear again; it is Medford and Co. C in 1898; Woburn and -her K Company in 1899. The old century ends, as far as our Regiment is -concerned, October 10, 1900, with I Company and Natick, while the new -one begins Sept. 7, 1901, on the old campground at Lynnfield; Sept. 22, -1902, finds the veterans again in Quincy; Sept. 24, 1903, in Roxbury; -August 19, 1904, with Co. H. at Nantasket. Then with no special company -distinctions the reunions follow, directed by the Executive Committee, -at Squantum Inn, Sept. 21, 1905; Bass Point, Sept. 6, 1906; in a -Dorchester hotel, October 23, 1907; again at Bass Point, Sept. 29, -1908; at Revere Beach for three successive years, viz. August 30, 1909, -August 18, 1910, and August 18, 1911. Fifty years after the departure -of the Regiment from Massachusetts, nearly a hundred (92) veterans -assembled again in Somerville with Company E and a large number of -prominent citizens to celebrate the semi-centennial; the state armory -was the gathering place and General Peirson was the marked figure on -the occasion while wives, daughters and other lady friends added to the -pleasures of the hour; Sergt. Abijah Thompson of Co. K was the oldest -man present, he having seen fully 90 years. After the dinner, over -which Comrade the Rev. John F. Locke said grace and at which Lieut. J. -H. Dusseault, Co. E, presided, there was speaking by Ex-Mayors Edward -Glines, C. A. Grimmons and John M. Woods, the latter a veteran of the -war, and the first named a brother of Fred Glines of Co. E who died -in Salisbury. Mayor Burns of Somerville extended the courtesies of -the city to the veterans and welcomed them all most heartily. General -Peirson was received with accustomed enthusiasm and was heard with -rapt attention. The half century event was a great success. The 51st -anniversary was observed in Medford, with the survivors of Co. C, -Sept. 6, 1913; the day, the place, the guests, quite one hundred in -numbers, made the event notable; the forenoon's meeting was in the hall -of the S. C. Lawrence Post, G. A. R., while the dinner was served in -the drill-room of the magnificent armory, presented to Medford and the -State by General S. C. Lawrence. - - - - -REGIMENTAL ROSTER - - -Nothing in the story of a regiment is of greater importance than its -Roster, for therein appears the record of the individual whether the -same be good or bad. One man alone makes a small appearance, yet a -thousand men make a regiment and every volunteer, whether commissioned -or enlisted, is entitled to the best that can be said of him. If, in -addition to his military service, his career in civil life may be given -in outline so much the better, for in America every able bodied man is -potentially a soldier. The foundation for the following Roster is found -upon the muster rolls, carefully preserved in the State House, Boston, -and additions have been made thereto through the information afforded -by members of the Veteran Association. - -The careful reader will observe in scanning the data afforded by the -Roster that the ages of the soldiers almost entirely range between -those of eighteen and forty-five years, these being the respective -limits of legal enlistment; at the same time everyone is well aware -that a large part of the army was made up of boys in their early teens; -also we know full well that many a man went in long after reaching -the maximum age for military service. As a fact, then, very many men -lied their ages up or down; so far as the grand average, however, is -concerned the "over" age compensated for or offset those who were -"under." Since the muster-in rolls or enlistment papers are sources -of all data concerning the age of volunteer and, it being well known -that very many of them were and are incorrect, the wonder rises as -to the source of statements that have gone the rounds of the public -press in late years, wherein the ages represented by the soldiers are -carefully tabulated. However, from whatever source obtained, as worthy -of presentation here the following alleged facts are given: - - Discussion has elicited an official statement that about 2,800,000 - Union men enlisted; there were about 5,000,000 men called out on both - sides. Of these nearly 4,500,000 were under twenty-one; there were - about 332,000 who were under sixteen and there were 1,500 in the Union - Army who were not fifteen years old. Less attention has been given - to the men who were over age, but every regiment can give its cases - of men fifty, sixty and even seventy years of age whose great excess - would average up many a juvenile volunteer. When, however, the rolls - afford no such statements, where is the statistician acquiring his - alleged facts? - -For the sake of brevity and economy of space the following -abbreviations are used: - -A. A. G. = Assistant Adjutant General; b. = born; bur. = buried; bvt. -= brevet; batt. = battalion; Capt. = Captain; Co. = Company; Col. -= Colonel; com. = commission or committee; Corp. = Corporal; cr. = -credited; d. = died or dead; des. = deserted; det. Serv. = detached -Service; dis. = discharged; disa. = disability; en. = enlisted; ex. of -s. = expiration of service; F. & S. = Field and Staff; G. O. = General -Order; H. Arty. = Heavy Artillery; Infty. = Infantry; k. = killed; lat. -add. = latest address; Lt. or Lieut. = Lieutenant; M. = married; M. I. -= Mustered-in; M. O. = Mustered-out; mos. = months; mus. = musician; -M. V. M. = Mass. Vol. Militia; N. F. R. = no further record; N. G. = -National Guard; O. W. D. = Order, War Department; Pris. = Prisoner; -prom. = promoted; re-en. = re-enlisted; rep. = reported; res. = -resigned; S. = single; S. H. = Soldiers' Home; S. S. = sharpshooters; -S. O. = Special Order; Sergt. = Sergeant; trans. = transferred; U. S. -C. T. = U. S. Colored Troops; V. R. C. = Veteran Reserve Corps; w. = -widower; wd. = wounded; W. D. = War Department. - -In reciting facts pertaining to each name, the same order obtains -throughout the Roster; first comes the family name of the soldier, -next his Christian appellation; in some instances time and place of -birth are given; as a rule, age, whether married or single, occupation -and place of residence follow in order; next, date of enlistment or -muster-in; incidents of army life are next in place, and then the -time and manner of leaving the army; finally are given incidents of -civil life and latest address if the same be known. The application of -abbreviations and the order are seen in the following supposed case: - - Jones, John, 20, S.; shoemaker, Natick; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 5, '64, - Wilderness; dis. disa., Aug. 20, '64; Selectman, Natick, 1880, '81; - 1913, Natick. - -Printed in full the foregoing would be as follows: - - Jones, John, at the age of twenty years, single, a shoemaker living - in Natick, enlisted August 22, 1862, or was mustered in on that date; - he was wounded in the battle of the Wilderness and, on account of - wounds or disability therefrom, was discharged August 20, 1864; he was - a Selectman in Natick in 1880 and '81 and in 1913 is still residing - there. - - - - -FIELD AND STAFF - -COLONELS - - - P. Stearns Davis, 44, M.; stationer, Cambridge; August 29, 1862; - Phineas Stearns Davis was born in Brookline, June 23, 1818, his - Christian names coming to him from an ancestor who bore a part in the - Boston Tea Party; his earlier education, received in the Brookline - public schools, was supplemented by a journey around the world; in the - publishing of schoolbooks he was long associated with his brother, - Robert, on Washington Street, Boston; deeply interested in Free - Masonry, Colonel Davis had been Master of Putnam Lodge, Cambridge, was - a member of St. Paul Chapter, Royal Arch, and was a charter member - of St. Bernard's Commandery, Knights Templar of Boston; entering - the Militia at a very early age, the beginning of the War found him - Division Inspector on the Staff of General Samuel Andrews of the - First Division; later promoted to the rank of Brigadier General, he - was serving in 1862 on a Board of Examination, thereby rendering - signal aid to Governor Andrew; he passed thence to the Thirty-ninth - Regiment. On leaving his home, he said to his mother who had expressed - wonder, if not regret, at his going, "Mother, if I should live to - see the end of this war without going and doing my whole duty to my - country, I should never rest," and he went away with her blessing. - Perhaps no man throughout the strife entered the service with - higher motives than those which prompted Colonel Davis. Possessing - as high an ideal of discipline and drill as he had of morality and - patriotism, he proceeded to enforce them with the result that few if - any organizations in the volunteer service excelled the Thirty-ninth - in true soldierly qualities. Early called to the command of a brigade, - it was truly said of him that he never was assigned to any position - which he did not fill. The particulars of his death, July 11, 1864, - have appeared in the body of this book; his funeral, held with Masonic - honors in the Unitarian Church of Cambridge, was on July 18, the - entire city being in mourning, with all places of business closed; - flags were at half-mast and in the audience assembled to honor his - memory were the City Council of Cambridge, Governor Andrew and Staff, - Adjutant General Schouler, Mayor Lincoln of Boston and a wide range - of other civil and military officers; Free Masonry in which he was - so prominent was represented by Putnam Lodge to which he belonged, - officers of the Grand Lodge, St. Bernard's Encampment of Boston, and - the National Lancers also were present. Speakers at the services were - the Rev. Chandler Robbins, who had officiated at his marriage, and - Chaplain E. B. French who had accompanied the remains of his commander - home. With the long escort, the body of Colonel Davis was borne to - Mt. Auburn Cemetery, having as bearers General Samuel C. Lawrence, - Colonels C. L. Holbrook and L. B. Marsh, Postmaster Leighton and - Deputy Sheriff L. L. Parker, the burial being with Masonic rites. - - Charles L. Peirson, from Lieut. Colonel July 13, 1864; owing to the - stress of the "Battle Summer" campaign, his severe wound at the Weldon - R. R. August 18, '64, and subsequent absence from the Regiment, not - to mention the red tape that ever did hedge military matters about, - it was not till the 23d of November, 1864, that Colonel Peirson - was mustered in to his rank: the Records of the War Department, - Washington, D. C., state: - - Peirson is now held and considered by this Department, under the - provisions of the Act of Congress, approved February 24, 1897, to - have been mustered into the service of the United States in the grade - of Colonel, Thirty-ninth Massachusetts Infantry, to take effect - from July 13, 1864, and to have held that rank until the date of his - discharge from service. - - Upon the recommendation of Major General G. K. Warren, Peirson was - commissioned Colonel of Volunteers by brevet, to date from March 13, - 1865, for meritorious conduct in the battles of the Wilderness and - Spottsylvania in May, 1864, and as Brigadier General of Volunteers, - by brevet, to date from March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious - conduct in the battle of the Weldon Railroad in August, 1864. - -[Illustration: COLONEL CHARLES L. PIERSON - -B'v't Brigadier-General] - -After months of prostration, incident to his wound, and on the clear -evidence of his inability to return to the Regiment, Colonel Peirson -resigned and was mustered out of the service January 11, 1865. -Subsequent to the war, General Peirson was long in the iron business, -Boston; on his retirement therefrom, he found occupation for his well -earned leisure in historical studies, particularly with reference to -the Civil War, being a member of the Loyal Legion, which he commanded, -1895, and the Massachusetts Military Historical Society. His city -residence is at 191 Commonwealth Avenue; his summer abode is at Pride's -Crossing, city of Beverly. - - - - -LIEUTENANT COLONELS - - - Charles L. Peirson, 28, S.; civil engineer, Salem; wd. May 8 and 10, - '64, Spottsylvania; prom. Colonel; Charles Lawrence Peirson was born - in Salem; was graduated from Lawrence Scientific School, Harvard, - 1853; was a Corporal in the Fourth Battalion, under Major T. G. - Stevenson, which in the spring of 1861 did gratuitous service in Fort - Warren, Boston Harbor; later commissioned First Lieut. and Adjutant in - the Twentieth Massachusetts, he was taken prisoner at the Battle of - Ball's Bluff and suffered three months' confinement in Libby Prison, - Richmond; on his return to his regiment he was detailed for special - service on the staff of General N. J. T. Dana and also later upon - that of General John Sedgwick, thus passing through the Peninsula - campaign; it was while on sick leave from such service that he was - notified of his appointment to his new position in the Thirty-ninth - Regiment. - - Henry M. Tremlett, from Major July 13, 1864; absent at the time on - detached service in Boston Harbor he did not rejoin the Regiment until - October following; wd. March 31, '65, at Gravelly Run, he died of - wounds at his home in Boston, June 6th following, the very day of the - return of the Thirty-ninth. The six weeks immediately following the - battle were spent in the hospital at City Point; thence he returned to - Boston, getting there May 9th, apparently on the road to recovery, but - the setting in of intermittent fever proved to be too great a trial of - his strength; his body was buried in Forest Hills Cemetery. Of him a - writer in a Boston paper wrote at the time:-- - - His standard of manliness was one of noble action rather than of - puling pretension, and his whole life showed him to be a loving son, - a dear brother, a kind and generous companion, a devoted friend and a - truly loyal man, willing to sacrifice his life for the noble cause for - which he contended. - - - - -MAJORS - - - Henry M. Tremlett, b. Dorchester, July 15, 1833; 29, S.; merchant, - Boston; Aug. 28, 1862; educated at Chauncy Hall School, Boston, he - succeeded his father in mercantile life on Foster's Wharf; when - Governor Andrew called for volunteers to serve in Fort Warren in the - spring of 1862, he was one of those who filled the ranks of the Fourth - Battalion, serving therein as First Sergeant. On the organization - of the Twentieth Regiment, he was commissioned Captain and in that - capacity bore his part in the fatal day at Ball's Bluff and was with - the Army of the Potomac through the Seven Days' Fight. With the - Thirty-ninth he participated in all of its experiences till, in the - fall of '63, he was ordered to Boston where for quite a year, as - Provost Marshal, he had charge of the draft rendezvous till after the - death of Colonel Davis and the severe wounding of Colonel Peirson his - return was necessary, serving thereafter as Lieut. Colonel. - - Frederick R. Kinsley, July 13, '64, from Captain, Co. E; not mustered; - captured, Aug. 19, '64, at the Weldon R. R., was held until the - following March; came home in command of the Regiment; M. O. as Capt., - June 2, 1865; soon after the war, with two brothers, he bought and - worked a large farm in Dorchester, N. H.; represented the town in the - Legislature; in 1911 he removed to Lowell where, in 1913, he makes his - home. - - - - -ADJUTANTS - - - Henry W. Moulton, 21, M.; currier, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; was - first commissioned in the Thirty-fifth, Aug. 12, '62, and was trans. - as above. Owing to the detailing of Adjutant Washburn, Lieutenant - Moulton took his place; wd. May 10, 1864, Laurel Hill; absent, sick, - until his discharge; dis. disa., Dec. 5, 1864. - - Orville A. Barker, from Co. C, Dec. 5, '64; prom. Captain, April 3, - '65; not mustered; M. O. June 2, 1864; a druggist for many years in - Taunton, Captain Barker found time to serve as Treasurer of Morton - Hospital and for thirty-five years was Clerk of the Baptist Church; he - died Feb. 21, 1912. - - - - -QUARTERMASTER - - - Edward E. White, 34, --; --, Cambridge; August 25, 1862; prom. - Captain, April 3, '65; not mustered; brevet Capt. and Major, U. S. - Volunteers, March 13, 1865; M. O. as 1st Lieut., June 2, 1865. - - - - -SURGEONS - - - Calvin G. Page, 33, --; physician, Boston; August 22, 1862; dis. as - Major, disa., Nov. 16, '63; an A. B., Harvard, 1852, he took his M. D. - there in 1854; d. March 29, 1869. - - William Thorndike, 29, M.; surgeon, Beverly; Nov. 17, 1863; an A. B. - from Harvard, 1854, he also gained there his M. D., 1857; had seen - service as Ass't Surgeon, Thirty-fourth Massachusetts Volunteers, - whence he came to the Thirty-ninth; his efficiency in the Regiment was - thoroughly appreciated by the men, and General Peirson affirms that - recovery from the wound received at the Weldon R. R. was the result of - the care and attention of his surgeon; the son of the latter, William, - Jr., also Harvard, 1892, and M. D., 1896, is a Boston practitioner, - whose wife is a daughter of the late General William Tecumseh Sherman; - Surgeon Thorndike died in 1887. - - - - -ASSISTANT SURGEONS - - - James L. Chipman, 31, --; physician, Milford; August 25, 1862; dis. - as 1st Lieut. disa., May 23, '64; later, June 26, '65, 1st Lieut. and - Ass't Surg. Forty-third U. S. C. T.; M. O. Oct. 20, '65. - - Henry H. Mitchell, 23, --; physician, East Bridgewater; August 25, - 1862; res. Nov. 3, '64, as 1st Lieut. for prom. as Major and Surgeon, - Thirty-sixth U. S. C. T.; res. June 15, 1864. - - John F. Butler, --, --; physician, Chesterfield, N. H.; 1st Lieut. - May 27, 1863; an M. D. from Harvard, 1854, a classmate of Surgeon - Thorndike, he was M. O. June 2, 1865. - - - - -CHAPLAIN - - - Edward Beecher French, 29, M.; clergyman, Chatham; August 18, 1862; a - graduate of Harvard's Divinity School, 1859, Chaplain French enlisted - as a private from his pastorate, and was commissioned from the ranks; - of him Thomas E. Small remarks, "At the battle of the Wilderness the - Chaplain was right up at the front with the boys and when Daniel - Burnham of our Company was shot and about to die, the Chaplain took - his last message and whatever he had to send to his wife and family - and comforted him in his last few moments of life; he accompanied the - remains of Colonel Davis from Petersburg to Cambridge and spoke at the - funeral; M. O. June 2, 1865; he was born in Lowell, Nov. 20, 1832; - his earlier years were spent in Holliston; his first pastorate was in - Chatham, whence he was the first man to enlist in the Thirty-ninth; - after the war he served pastorates in Babylon, L. I., and Perth Amboy, - N. J., but his health, enfeebled by exposures at the front, broke and - recovery was sought in Texas and Wisconsin, but without avail. He died - July 14, 1907, in Harwich with relatives of his wife, who had preceded - him to the other world, and his body was laid by the side of hers in - the Harwich burial ground." - - - - -NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF - - -SERGEANT MAJORS - - Charles Henry Chapman, 21, S.; student, Cambridge; prom. 2d Lieut. Co. - G, Nov. 11, 1862; Brown University, Class of 1861. - - T. Cordis Clarke from Co. B; Dec. 8, '62; prom. 2d Lieut. Nov. 13, - '62; vide Co. E. - - Charles W. Hanson, from Co. A; Dec. 6, '62; prom. 2d Lieut. Jan. 25, - '63; vide Co. H. - - Joseph A. Merrifield, from Co. A, Feb. 20, '63; prom. 2d Lieut. Sept. - 20, '63; vide Co. F. - - Edwin Mills, from Co. E; Sept., '63; prom. 2d Lieut. Jan. 8, '64; vide - Co. A. - - Charles K. Conn, from Co. K, April 28, '64; wd. and pris. May 8, '64; - prom. 2d Lieut. Feb. 1, '65; vide Co. H. - - George H. Dennett, from Co. K, Feb. 1, '65; prom. 2d Lieut.; not - mustered; M. O. June 2, 1865, as Sergt. Major; d. Malden. - - -QUARTERMASTER SERGEANT - - Henry B. Leighton, 25, --; --, Cambridge; Sept. 4, 1862; prom. 2d - Lieut. April 3, '65; not mustered; M. O. as Q. M. Sergt. June 2, 1865. - - -COMMISSARY SERGEANT - - Lucius W. Hilton, 21, --; --, --; Sept. 4, 1862; M. O. June 2, 1865. - - -HOSPITAL STEWARD - - Frederick Harvey, 27, M.; apothecary, Dorchester; dis. Sept. 7, 1863, - S. O. W. D. - - Orville A. Barker, from Co. F, Oct. 13, '62; prom. 2d Lieut. Nov. 8, - '63; vide Co. C. - - George A. Stuart, 22, S.; chemist, Boston; March 9, 1864; trans. June - 2, 1865, to Thirty-second Infantry. - - -PRINCIPAL MUSICIAN - - Matthew Woodward, from Co. F, Nov. 1, '63; M. O. June 2, 1865. - - (To avoid needless repetition of dates in regard to transfers to and - from the Regiment the following facts are stated here:--June 25, '64, - on the M. O. of the Twelfth Massachusetts Infantry, the men whose - enlistments had not expired were trans. to the Thirty-ninth, and on - the 13th, of July, '64, under similar circumstances, men were received - from the Thirteenth Massachusetts. When, June 2, '65, the Thirty-ninth - was preparing to go home all members whose terms were not expiring - were trans. to the Thirty-second Massachusetts and were M. O. with - that organization June 29, 1865). - - In battle-names, Spottsylvania may include both Alsop's Farm and - Laurel Hill. - - - - -COMPANY A - - - From South Danvers, after the War to become the town of Peabody. - - -CAPTAINS - - George S. Nelson, 27, M.; tanner, South Danvers; August 18, '62; res. - March 2, 1865; had been commissioned Captain in the Thirty-fifth, - August 12, '62, and was trans. as above; at last account, Capt. - Nelson's address was 880 Seminary Avenue, Chicago. - - As Acting Captain, 1st Lieut. Henry F. Felch of Company E commanded - the Company on its return to Boston. - - -FIRST LIEUTENANTS - - Emory Washburn, Jr., 24, --; lawyer, Cambridge; Aug. 25, '62; the son - of Ex-Governor Emory Washburn, he was born in Worcester, Oct. 1, 1837; - graduating from Harvard College in 1860, he had just taken his degree - of LL. B. in 1862 when he was commissioned in the new regiment then - forming; evidently his direct service, if any, in the Thirty-ninth was - brief, for on the first Monthly Report he appears as detached and a - member of the staff of General Charles Devens, also a Worcester man; - in this capacity he did excellent work, as appears in the report of - General Devens, after the battle of Fredericksburg, written Dec. 17, - '62, wherein he says, "I am under especial obligations, for their - zeal and fidelity, to my staff," including with two others, "my aide, - Lieut. E. Washburn, Jr." It would appear that Adjutant Washburn - returned to the Regiment for one week at Poolesville, Md., resigning, - January 24, 1864; he died in 1885. - - Charles H. Porter, from 2d Lieut. Co. D, Jan. 25, '63; prom. Captain, - Sept. 8, '64; not mustered; M. O. as 1st Lieut. June 2, 1865; as - a member of the Loyal Legion, Captain Porter was conspicuous in - promoting its interests; was Junior Vice-Commander, 1897; Registrar, - 1903-5; Recorder, 1906-11; no veteran of the Regiment took more - interest in its annual reunions than did Captain Porter, and for years - he was practically its motive power. His papers on the campaigns in - which he bore a part were valuable contributions to the Massachusetts - Military Historical Society. Born in Weymouth, 1843, he was only six - weeks old when the family removed to Quincy; his early education - was had in the Quincy High School; his business life was that of - insurance; he was almost constantly in public life, twelve years on - the School Board, three years Selectman, the First Mayor of Quincy, - 1888, he was re-elected; several years on the State Board of Health; - first Commander, Paul Revere Post, G. A. R.; commissioned as Lieut. - Colonel in Seventh M. V. M. by Governor Andrew, he was widely known as - Colonel Porter; he was seven years Trustee of the Chelsea Soldiers' - Home and was ever prominent in local business organizations and in - Masonic Circles; d. Aug. 10, 1911. - - -SECOND LIEUTENANTS - - George H. Wiley, 23, M.; shoemaker, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; res. - Jan. 7, '64; had been commissioned in the Thirty-fifth Aug. 12, '62, - and was trans. as above; was 3d Lieut. Co. H, Fifth M. V. M., three - mos. service; d. May 19, 1910, Boston. - - L. F. Wyman, Feb. 23, '64, from Co. K; returned to "K," Mar. 2, '64. - - Edwin Mills from Sergeant Major, Jan. 8, '64; dis. on account of wds. - rec'd May 10, '64, Oct. 19, '64. - - -ENLISTED MEN - - Adams, Francis D. (Corp.), 27, M.; upholsterer, Boston; July 9, '63; - recruit to Twelfth Infty.; trans. thence to the Thirty-ninth and later - trans. to the Thirty-second and afterwards M. O.; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, - Weldon R. R. - - Adams, Joseph, 44, M.; mechanic, Stowe; Aug. 18, '62; wd. May 8, '64; - dis. disa., Jan. 18, '64. - - Aitken, Samuel, 19, S.; mason, Boston; June 26, '61, in Co. A, Twelfth - Regiment; to compensate for protracted absence without leave to Oct. - 1, '63, he was trans. to the Thirty-second and thence M. O. - - Ames, John, 21, S.; laborer, Boston; July 9, '63; recruit to the - Twelfth Infty., trans. thence to the Thirty-ninth; trans. to One - Hundred Sixty-eighth Co., Second Batt. V. R. C.; dis. June 7, '65. - - Andrews, Timothy, Jr., 33, M.; spar maker, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; M. O. - June 2, 1865; d. 1896. - - Badger, George H., 30, M.; shoemaker, Stoughton; Aug. 18, '62; dis. - disa., Oct. 22, '63. - - Bancroft, George W., Jr., 20, M.; teamster, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; - dis. May 20, '65--report of Adjutant General says, "ex. of s." - - Barden, Jonas P., 18, S.; farmer, Lynnfield; Aug. 18, '62; k. June 22, - '64, Petersburg, Va. - - Barnard, Henry, 21, S.; stonecutter, Hanover; Aug. 15, '61; in Co. C, - Twelfth Regiment by way of compensation for unexcused absence was, at - last, trans. to Thirty-second Massachusetts Volunteers for final M. O. - - Batchelder, Benjamin A. (Wagoner); 40, M.; teamster, Chatham; trans. - Sept. 7, '62, V. R. C.; d. --. - - Bean, Thomas, b. Mar. 19, 1833; 29, M.; shoemaker, Easton; Aug. 18, - '62; Corp. April 27, '63; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; - shoemaker and farmer; in Legislature, 1870; has held all offices in G. - A. R. Post; 1913, Easton. - - Belcher, John, 28, S.; shoemaker, Framingham; July 13, '63; dis. - disa., May 4, '65. - - Bemis, Winfield S., b. Nov. 16, 1844; 18, S.; farmer, Stowe; Aug. 18, - '62; trans. V. R. C. Jan. 18, '65; M. O. from Co. I, Eighteenth V. R. - C. June 29, '65; lastmaker and shoemaker; 1913, West Medway. - - Bessom, Edward A., 25, M.; barber, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; prom. - Corp., trans. Feb. 11, '64, Co. A, Twenty-fourth V. R. C.; M. O. June - 28, '65. - - Blaisdell, John O. (Corp.), 30, M.; shoecutter, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, - '62; Sergt. June 1, '63; wd. Feb. 6, '65, Hatcher's Run, Va.; prom. - 2d Lieut. June 7, '65; M. O. as Sergt. June 2, '65. - - Blauvelt, James, 42, M.; carpenter, Chatham; Aug. 18, '62; trans. July - 9, '63, V. R. C. - - Bloomer, Joseph, N., 23, M.; mariner, Chatham; Aug. 18, '61; dis. - disa., March 3, '63. - - Boodry, George J., 35, M.; bootmaker, Easton; Aug. 18, '62; prisoner - from Aug. 19, '64, to Jan. 2, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Bowker, Edward H., 21, S.; artist, Boston; Aug. 18, '62; trans., Jan. - 5, '64, V. R. C.; dis. disa., Aug. 20, '66, Fort Wayne, Mich., from - Third Independent Co., V. R. C. - - Brennan, James, 21, S.; paper hanger, Boston; June 26, '61; in Twelfth - Infty., re-en. Jan. 5, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to the - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Brett, Charles G., 19, S.; blacksmith, Stowe; Aug. 18, '62; Corp. May - 1, '65,; M. O. June 2, '65; d. - - Brown, Frank P., 23, M.; telegrapher, Boston; June 28, '63; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Burnham, Daniel, 32, M.; farmer, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; k. May 11, '64, - Spottsylvania. - - Burnham, Eli H., b. July 19, 1833; 29, M.; shoemaker, So. Danvers; - Aug. 18, '62; M. O. June 2, '65; 1913, Lynn. - - Burnham, George S.; 26, S.; shoemaker, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; wd. May 8, - '64, Alsop's Farm; M.O. June 2, '65; 1913, Essex. - - Burnham, George W., 32, M.; shoemaker, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; pris. Aug. - 13, '64 to March 2, '65; M. O. June 13, '65; d. 1902. - - Burnham, James H., 19, S.; farmer, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; wd. May 8,'64, - Spottsylvania; M. O. May 11, '65; 1913, Essex. - - Burnham, Wilbur (Corp.), 20, S.; carpenter, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; - Sergt. Dec. 4, '62; d. May 21, '63. - - Butler, Benjamin F., 29, M.; currier, Salem; Aug. 18, '62; trans. - Navy, April 21, '64. - - Channel, John F., 19, S.; shoemaker, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; dis. disa., - Jan. 29, '63. - - Clifford, James A., 23, S.; bookbinder, Boston; Aug. 18, '62; dis. - disa., April 2, '63. - - Cole, George W., 20, S.; shoemaker, No. Bridgewater; Aug. 18, '62; - Corp. March 17, '63; pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; 1 French - Ave., Brockton. - - Conant, Edward, 19, S.; pail maker, Stowe; Aug. 18, '62; Corp. April - 29, '63; wd. May 8, '64; trans. Co. D, Twenty-fourth V. R. C.; dis. - June 27, '65. - - Cottrell, Jefferson T. (Sergt.), 21, --; mariner, Bangor, Me.; Aug. - 18, '62; wd. May 8, '64, Spottsylvania; supposed to have d. in Rebel - Prison. - - Cottrell, Justin W., 19, S.; mariner, Bangor, Me.; Aug. 18, '62; Corp. - Sept. 20, '62; Sergt. Feb. 11, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. Parole - Camp, Annapolis, Md., Sept. 10, '64. - - Cunningham, Eugene B., 22, S.; mechanic, Saxton's River, Vt.; Aug. 18, - '62; dis. disa., Dec. 13, '63. - - Curran, John, 21, --; --, Boston, cr. Canton; July 1, '63; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Darling, Ezekial B., 29, M.; shoemaker, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; wd. - Feb. 6, '65, Hatcher's Run; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Dean, Samuel D., 19, S.; shoe dresser, No. Bridgewater; Aug. 18, '62; - Corp. Feb. 11, '64; k. March 31, '65, White Oak Roads, Va. - - Dodge, Harrison A. (Sergt.), 22, S.; tanner, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, - '62; trans. V. R. C. March 18, '64. - - Dodge, John P. (Corp.), 29, M.; tanner, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; - Sergt. Sept. 30, '63; 1st Sergt. Feb. 11, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, - Weldon R. R.; d. Jan. 15, '65; Salisbury, N. C. - - Doyle, William A., 21, --; --, Charlestown; July 9, '63; from the - Twelfth Infty., Co. C; trans. to the Thirty-second and thence M. O. - - Dyer, Lewis R., 17, S.; printer, Lowell; June 26, '61, in Twelfth - Infty.; re-en. Jan. 5, '64; trans. and prom. Sergt. June 25, '64; - trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Eischman, John, 26, --; shoemaker, Marblehead; a recruit to the - Thirteenth Infty., where he is entered as Ehrman, Co. A, and trans. to - V. R. C., July 14, '64; however, his name is among those coming from - the Thirteenth and is duly trans. to the Thirty-second, where he is - recorded as "absent, sick"; the chances are that he never saw either - the Thirty-ninth or the Thirty-second. - - Eldridge, Prince, Jr., 31, M.; mariner, Chatham; Aug. 18, '62; trans. - Navy, April 21, '64; dis. disa., Naval Hosp'l, Norfolk, Va., April 19, - '65; d. - - Ellis, Daniel W., 18, S.; mariner, Chatham; Aug. 18, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65; Carver. - - Evans, William S., 21, S.; brickmaker, Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; d. Feb. 3, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Fannon, John 38, S.; operator, Lawrence; July 16, '63; recruit to the - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Field, William, 48, M.; mechanic, Harwich; Aug. 18, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65; b. 1800; was a soldier in the Mexican War, the oldest man in the - Regiment; dead. - - Fish, Henry F., 22, M.; laborer, Milton; July 17, '63; recruit - to the Twelfth Infty.; trans. to the Thirty-ninth, thence to the - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Flint, James F., 30, M.; shoemaker, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; dis. - disa., June 11, '63; d. - - Flynn, Daniel B., 18, S.; shoemaker, Stowe; Aug. 18, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; M. O. June 29, '65. - - Fogg, Joseph 24, S.; tanner, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; dis. disa., - Feb. 19, '63. - - Foster, Henry, 21, S.; boatman, Lowell, cr. Brighton; July 24, '63; - recruit to the Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to the Thirty-ninth, and - thence to the Thirty-second and M. O. - - Freeman, Warren H., 18, S.; clerk, Boston; Dec. 1, '61; recruit to the - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to the Thirty-ninth and dis. Sept. 13, '64, - S. O. W. D., No. 86. - - Gibbs, John K., 44, M.; laborer, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; d., a - prisoner, Dec. 2, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Goodwin, Charles M., 26, M.; brickmaker, Boxford, Aug. 18, '62; wd. - May 10, '64, Laurel Hill; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; dis. May 15, '65, ex. of - s.; Beverly. - - Gould, Charles (Mus.), 23, M.; powder maker, So. Danvers; en. July 26, - '62; des. Aug. 7, '62. - - Gould, William A. 18, S.; Mariner, Chatham; Aug. 18, '62; wd. Aug. 18, - '64, Weldon R. R.; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Guilford, Jacob O., 21, S.; shoemaker, Middleton; Aug. 18, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 29, '63. - - Guppy, George F., 25, M.; shoemaker, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; dis. disa., - Sept. 9, '62. - - Hampton, Samuel, 45, M.; physician, Stowe; Aug. 18, '62; Pris. June 5, - '64; d. on or about Sept. 20, '64, Andersonville, Ga. - - Hanson, Charles W. (1st Sergt.), 26, M.; clerk, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, - '62; Sergt. Major, Dec. 6, '62; prom. 2d Lieut. Jan. 25, '63; vid. Co. - H. - - Haskell, Albert S., 19, S.; blacksmith, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; d. Feb. 2, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Hebard, Henry J. A., 18, S.; engineer, Milton; July 21, '61; en. in - Thirteenth Infty.; re-en. Jan. 4, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth and dis. - Sept. 21, '64, O. W. D. - - Hegner, Anthony P. (Corp.), 18, S.; locksmith, Lynnfield; Aug. 18, - '62; wd. May 8, '64, Spottsylvania; dis. disa., Oct. 3, '64. - - Henry Abial R., 29, S.; carpenter, Boston; July 14, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence trans. to Thirty-second - and M. O. - - Hilton, William L., 23, S.; painter, Medfield; Feb. 13, '62; recruit - to Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth and dis. Feb. 12, '65, - ex. of s. - - Hunting, Willard, 24, M.; Aug. 18, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; Weldon R. - R.; d. Dec. 5, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Jones, Asa L., b. June 20, 1840; 22, S; Aug. 18, '62; mariner, - Harwich; Corp. Dec. 1, '62; Sergt. March 17, '63; prom. Lieut. Sixth - U. S. C. T., Sept. 15, '63; wd. before Petersburg, June 15, '64; dis. - disa., Sept. 22, '64; merchant, pilot, fishermaster, seven years; - capt. of a lightship eleven years; keeper of lighthouse and undertaker - since 1889; from 1892 to 1897, inclusive, Selectman; 1913, Harwich. - - Johnson, George, 21, S.; shoemaker, Brunswick, Me.; Aug. 18, '62; des. - Feb. 11, '63. - - Knapp, Charles P., b. Sept. 13, 1843; 18, S.; farmer, Needham; Aug. - 18, '62; trans. V. R. C., Feb. 5, '64; dis. from Co. I, V. R. C., July - 3, '65; as patient, guard and nurse in smallpox hospital, Washington, - May 17, '63--Aug. '64; guard duty, Elmira and Syracuse, N. Y., till - April, '65; same duty in Indianapolis, Ind., till M. O.; farmer and - machinist; 1913, Caryville. - - Kraetzer, Julius F., 20, S. clerk, Boston; July 16, '61; en. in - Thirteenth Infty. and re-en. Jan. 4, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth and - thence trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Lee, Edward, 35, M.; blacksmith, Boston; en. July 14, '63; recruit in - Co. I, Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to the Thirty-ninth, and des. Nov. - 14, '64. - - Livermore, Lorenzo D., 26, S.; yeoman, Spencer; July 14, '63; - in Twelfth Infty., Co. I; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to the - Thirty-second and M. O.; was wd., shoulder, Wilderness, while in the - Twelfth; b. So. Royalton, Vt.; Livermore had served in Co. H, Tenth - Mass., Infty.; wd. at Fair Oaks, he was dis. Oct. 27, '62, for disa. - and later was drafted; d. Leicester, Sept. 22, '85; bur. in Old - Cemetery. - - McArthur, Peter, 30, M.; farmer, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65; d. June, 1896. - - Mansfield, William O., 21, S.; farmer, Lynnfield; Aug. 18, '62; dis. - disa., June 10, '63; Wakefield. - - Marteau, Ludovic, 28, S.; baker, Worcester; July 24, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Maxwell, John, 31, M.; July 13, '63; laborer, Spencer; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O.; d. May, '96, Spencer, bur. St. Mary's Cemetery. - - Mears, Rufus E., 21, M.; shoemaker, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; d., a - prisoner, Salisbury, N. C., Oct. 27, '64. - - Mears, Samuel, Jr., 37, M.; laborer, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; dis. disa., - Dec. 23, '63; en. V. R. C. July 30, '64; dis. Nov. 21, '65, O. W. D.; - d. - - Mentzell, Herman, 21, M.; merchant, Amesbury; June 28, '63; recruit to - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to the Thirty-second - and M. O. - - Mentzer, Moses H., b. Oct. 19, 1843; 18, S.; painter, Stowe; Aug. 18, - '62; M. O. June 2, '65; painter and farmer; Com'der, G. A. R. Post; - 1913, Bolton. - - Mentzer, William A., Jr., b. Nov. 7, 1841, Worcester; 21, M.; grocer, - Malden; Aug. 18, '62; Corp. Sept. 20, '62; Sergt. Sept. 22, '64; M. O. - June 2, '65; provisions, farming and teaming; 1913, Hudson. - - Merrifield, Jos. A. (Sergt.), 26, M.; --, Boston; Aug. 18, '62; Sergt. - Major Feb. 20, '63; 2d Lieut. Sept. 20, '63; 1st Lieut. May 4, '64; - wd. May 8, '64, Spottsylvania; res. Jan. 14, '65. - - Miles, Edward P., 19, M.; farmer, Marlborough; Aug. 18, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. R., to May 18, '65; M. O. June 2, '65; d. 1904. - - Milliken, James (Corp.), 22, M.; shoecutter, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, - '62; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Mitchell, Isaac H., b. July 10, 1836; 25, M.; shoemaker, Lynnfield; - Aug. 18, '62; Corp. Sept. 22, '64; wd. March 31, '65; White Oak - Roads; no M. O.; carpenter, policeman, constable; 1913, Lynnfield. - - Mitchell, Jonathan H., 33, M.; shoemaker, Lynnfield; Aug. 18, '62; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Sept. 3, 1891. - - Mitchell, Samuel H., b. Nov. 2, 1844; 18, S.; shoemaker, Lynnfield; - Aug. 18, '62; Corp. Nov. 13, '62; at Five Forks captured two rebels - and turned them over to the Provost Marshal; shoe business; two years - in Boston City Council; 1895-6 in Massachusetts Legislature; M. O. - June 2, '65; 1913, Brighton. - - Morse, Benjamin G., 25, --; shoemaker, Boston; Feb. 13, '62; in the - Twelfth Infty., Co. D; trans. to the Thirty-ninth and dis. March 23, - '65, ex. of s. - - Morse, Daniel F., 18, S.; shoemaker, Needham; Aug. 18, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. - - Moulton, William J., 20, S.; farmer, Lynnfield; Aug. 18, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65, in Co. E; d. 1905, Wakefield. - - Mullen, Patrick, 23, M.; laborer, Boston; July 14, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Murphy, James, 33, M.; shoemaker, Stoneham; Oct. 12, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Myers, William, 38, M.; shoemaker, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Nichols, Wendell G., 24, S.; farmer, Lynnfield; Aug. 18, '62; k. Aug. - 18, '64, Weldon R. R. - - Nutting, Albion, 34, M.; machinist, Stowe; Aug. 18, '62; d. Oct. 14, - '64, Washington, D. C. - - Ordway, Lewis E., 18, S.; farmer, Roxbury; Feb. 9, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; M. O. May 20, '65, ex. of s. - - Osborne, Paul, 22, S.; shoemaker, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; d. of - wounds, Oct. 26, '64. - - Packard, Sylvanus C., 18, S.; shoemaker, No. Bridgewater; Aug. 18, - '62; Corp. Sept. 27, '63; Pris. Weldon R. R., Aug. 19, '64, to March - 2, '65; M. O. July 14, '65; d. - - Patterson, Joseph R., 22, M.; butcher, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; dis. - disa., Feb. 19, '63. - - Perkins, John H., 23, M.; teamster, Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; had been - prisoner of war; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Pierce, John, Jr., 22, S.; Aug. 18, '62; dis. disa., Jan. 2, '63. - - Plummer, Nathan F., Jr., 26, M.; clerk, Boston; July 9, '62; recruit - to the Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to the - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Powell, David, 18, S.; farmer, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; wd. May 5, - '64; M. O. July 1, '65; Saugus. - - Purcell, George J., 18, S.; laborer, So. Danvers; en. Aug. 6, '62; - trans. Sept. 18, '64, from Co. H to V. R. C. - - Purington, William E., 18, S.; farmer, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; - trans. Feb. 15, '63, to V. R. C. - - Reynolds, Marcus (Mus.), 19, S.; clerk, No. Bridgewater; Aug. 27, - '63; recruit to Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Richardson, Francis S., 24, S.; farmer, Lynnfield; Aug. 18, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; d. - - Richardson, William L., 20, S.; hostler, Salem; Aug. 18, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; Cambridgeport. - - Roy, John, 25, M.; seaman, Boston; Sept. 18, '63; recruit to Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Ryder, Alvah (Corp.), 48, M.; mariner; Aug. 18, '62; dis. disa., Nov. - 26, '62. - - Saunders, Charles R. P., 31, M.; carpenter, Newburyport; Aug. 18, '62; - M. O. June 2, '65; d. 1906. - - Sawyer, James M., 19, S.; farmer, Sudbury; Aug. 18, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; M. O. July 18, '65; Clinton. - - Schoen, Frederick, 30, M.; clerk, Worcester; July 25, '63; recruit - to the Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to the - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Schwartz, Jacob, 28, S.; clerk, Taunton; July 28, '63; recruit to - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Shaw, Zenas, 38, M.; shoemaker, Halifax; Aug. 18, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Simonds, George N. (Mus.), 32, M.; clerk, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, '62; - wd. May 5, '64, Wilderness; M. O. July 12, '65. - - Small, Thomas E., b. Feb. 17, 1844; 18, S.; mariner, Harwich; Aug. 18, - '62; M. O. June 2, '65; for past seventeen years, carrier of U. S. - mail, passengers and express; many years secretary and treasurer Board - of Trustees, M. E. Church; 1913, So. Harwich. - - Smalley, Henry, b. Feb. 12, 1842; 20, S.; mariner, Harwich; Aug. 18, - '62; Corp. Sept. 30, '63; M. O. June 2, '65; cashier, B. & M. R. R., - since Oct., 1867; 1913, Winchester. - - Smith, Cyrus D., 21, --; --, So. Danvers; N. F. R. - - Smith, George, 21, S.; laborer, Bangor, Me.; Aug. 18, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Smith, Nathaniel, 21, S.; farmer, Chatham; Aug. 18, '62; dis. disa., - June 12, '63. - - Snow, Eric M., 42, M.; harness maker, Chatham; Aug. 18, '62; dis. - disa., March 26, '63. - - Spencer, Roland J., 18, S.; hostler, Nantucket; Aug. 18, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Stevens, Elbridge, 18, S.; Aug. 18, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. - R.; d. rebel Prison, Richmond, Va., date unknown. - - Story, Asa, 33, M.; shoemaker, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; d. Nov. 11, '62, - Washington, D. C. - - Summers, George M., 34, M.; shoemaker, Lynnfield; Aug. 18, '62; M. O. - July 12, '65. - - Tyler, John O., 24, S.; morocco dresser, Salem; Aug. 18, '62; trans. - Navy, April 21, '64; Lynn. - - Varnum, John, 24, M.; shoemaker, Essex; Aug. 18, '62; wd. May 12, '64, - Spottsylvania; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Whitcomb, George F., 18, S.; farmer, Stowe; Aug. 18, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; d. Jan. 2, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Whiting, Walter B., 21, S.; bookbinder, Boston; Aug. 18, '62; dis. - disa., Oct. 23, '62. - - Wiley, Samuel (Sergt.), 21, S.; shoemaker, So. Danvers; Aug. 18, - '62; missing after July 16, '64; supposed to have been murdered by - guerrillas. - - - - -COMPANY B - -Roxbury - - -CAPTAIN - - William W. Graham, 33, S.; machinist, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; wd. May - 10, '64; prom. Major, June 7, '65; not mustered; M. O. as Captain June - 2, '65. - - -FIRST LIEUTENANTS - - William T. G. Spear, 27, M.; tradesman, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; k. - Aug. 18, '64, Weldon R. R.; the Lieutenant, on account of ill health, - had resigned before leaving Mitchell's Station, the resignation had - been accepted, but the notification was lost in a mass of papers at - headquarters, and was not found till after his death; very far from - being religiously inclined, Lieut. Spear's whole nature was changed by - certain revival meetings at Mitchell's during the winter, and when his - death-stroke came his constant and only words, till death sealed his - lips, were, "What a blessed thing is religion." - - Joseph A. Merrifield, from Co. D, May 4, '64; wd. May 8, '64; res. - Jan. 14, 1865. - - Melville C. Parkhurst (B), prom. Captain, June 7, '65; not mustered; - M. O. June 2, '65, as 1st Lieut.; long Chief of Police, Somerville; - 1913, Somerville. - - -SECOND LIEUTENANTS - - Julius M. Swain, 26, S.; cashier, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; trans. to - U. S. Signal Corps, March 3, '63; bvt. 1st Lieut. and Captain U. S. - Vols. March 13, '65; res. June 14, '65; dead. - - T. Cordis Clarke, from Co. E; dis. disa., July 19, '64; on detached - service Aug. 10, '63; Ordnance Dept., 2d Div. 1st Army Corps. - - Melville C. Parkhurst, from Co. E; prom. 1st Lieut. (B), Jan. 15, '65. - - Charles H. Perkins, from Co. D, March 1, '65; Com. Sept. 8, '64; M. O. - June 2, '65; dead. - - -ENLISTED MEN - - Adams, George E., 25, S.; sawyer, Boston; July 22, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. Aug. 18, '64, Weldon R. - R.; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Allison, Joseph, Jr. (Sergt.), 38, M.; boiler-maker, Roxbury; Aug. 20, - '62; prom. 1st Sergt.; wd. June 19, '64, Petersburg, Va.; d. July 10, - '64. - - Andrews, George A., 22, M.; teamster, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; prom. - Corp.; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Arnold, Edwin L. (Corp.), 20, S.; machinist, Adams; Aug. 20, '62; dis. - disa., June 30, '63. - - Arnold, William, Jr., 28, M.; moulder, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; 1913, Stoneham. - - Backup, James B., 18, S.; clerk, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. July 17, - '63, for commission, Thirty-sixth U. S. C. T.; 2d Lieut. Aug. 13, '63; - 1st Lieut. May 1, '64; Capt. Oct. 21, '64; dis. Jan. 23, '65. - - Bartlett, Abner D. (Corp.), 34, M.; pattern-maker; Blackstone; Aug. - 20, '62; dis. Feb. 4, '63. - - Bartlett, John L., 45, M.; rope maker, Roxbury; Aug. 31, '62; dis. - disa., June 3, '63. - - Batcheller, Holland M., 43, M.; provisions, Needham; Aug. 20, '62; - dis. May 5, '63, for Commission, U. S. C. T. - - Bell, James H., 26, M.; shoemaker, Ashland; July 21, '63; recruit to - the Twelfth Infty., Co. H; trans. to Thirty-ninth; prom. Corp. March - 1, '65; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Bennett, Alden B. (Mus.), 44, --; --, Boston; June 10, '63; evidently - a recruit; trans. to the Thirty-second and M. O. - - Bennett, Harrison M., b. March 22, 1843; 19, S.; farmer, Springfield; - Aug. 30, '62; prom. Corp.; wd. May 10, '64, Laurel Hill; dis. disa., - Dec. 24, '64; graduated in Law, National University, 1870, Washington, - D. C., also in Medicine, Howard University; practiced medicine 10 - years, since then, clerk Treasury Dep't, Washington, 1913, Takoma - Park, Washington, D. C. - - Betts, Charles R., 25, S.; July 24, '63; recruit to Twelfth Infty., - Co. A; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Bills, Walter M., 26, S.; fireman, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; d. Jan. 24, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Blake, Daniel P., 27, M.; shoemaker, Halifax; Aug. 23, '62; wd. June - 23, '64, Petersburg; trans. V. R. C., Jan. 10, '65; also recorded as - dis. Dec. 2, '64, Rendezvous, Va.; vide letter, W. D., Jan. 6, 1888; - 1913, Halifax. - - Briggs, Arthur M., 33, M.; teamster, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 16, '62. - - Brown, George, 23, S.; farmer, Southborough; July 16, '61; in - Thirteenth Infty.; re-en. Jan. 5, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth thence - to the Thirty-second and M. O. - - Bryant, Roscoe L., b. July 12, 1849, Woburn; (Mus.), 13, S.; - carpenter, Woburn; Aug. 20, '62; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Burns, James, 41, M.; laborer, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; Pris. Dec. 11, - '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Butske, Carl, 30, S.; baker, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; died, no date or - place. - - Carleton, William, 31, S.; mason, Boston; Aug. 20, '62; k. May 8, '64, - Spottsylvania. - - Cassidy, John, 27, S.; laborer, Boston; July 20, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty. Co. B; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; - trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Chapin, Charles H., 24, M.; artist, Boston; July 9, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence des. March 4, '65. - - Childs, John F., 21, M.; shoemaker, Natick; March 11, '62; recruit to - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence dis. March 11, '65, - ex. of s. - - Clarke, T. Cordis (1st Sergt.), 19, S.; clerk, Roxbury; prom. Sergt. - Major, Dec. 8, '62. - - Crafts, William G., 18, S.; painter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. - disa., Nov. 12, '62. - - Cronan, Daniel, 19, S.; plumber, Boston; June 26, '61; according to - rolls, but '62 would accord better with the record; trans. from Co. B, - Twelfth Infty. to the Thirty-ninth and thence dis. June 2, '65, ex. of - s. - - Cunningham, Martin, 22, S.; laborer, Acton; Sept. 26, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. - R.; escaped from train on southern way; trans. to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Curtis, John M., 45, M.; laborer, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. disa., - June 9, '63. - - Dailey, John, 23, S.; lather, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. disa., July - 17, '63. - - Daly, James, 24, S.; silversmith, Boston; June 26, '61; en. Co. B, - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence des. 1865; he had - already des. in first enlistment and had come back. - - Davis, Edward S., 18, S.; plumber, Roxbury; prom. Sergt.; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; d. March 20, '65. - - Davis, Gardner C., 28, S.; fireman, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; prom. - Sergt.; missing May 8, '64, Spottsylvania. - - Devines, David S. (Corp.), 33, M.; tinsmith, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; - des. May 6, '63. - - Diguer, Richard, 34, M.; blacksmith, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. - disa., Feb. 18, '65. - - Doyle, Patrick, 19, S.; paper stamper, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; Corp. - March 1, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Draper, Curtis W., 18, S.; shoemaker, Wayland; Aug. 20, '62; Corp. - March 1, '65; M. O. June 2, '65; b. Wayland, Sept. 27th, '46, he was - not quite 16 years old at enlistment; was in every battle and skirmish - in which the Thirty-ninth took part, never lost a day's duty and never - was struck by an enemy's missile, save once, and then it was a spent - bullet; youngest soldier from the town. - - Dudley, Charles, 20, S.; farmer, Wayland; June 26, '61; in Co. B, - Twelfth Infty.; des. and came back; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence - trans. to Thirty-second, to make up time, and was M. O. June 29, '65. - - Dyer, Simon D., 43, S.; bookkeeper, Roxbury; en. Aug. 3, '62; N. F. R. - - Edmands, Thomas, 18, S.; paper hanger, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; en. in Rebel Army. - - Ernest, Anet, 20, S.; farmer, Baltimore, cr. Springfield; Sept. 20, - '64; July 13, '64, he had en. as 21 years old, a Boston shoemaker, in - Co. A of the Fifth M. V. M., 100 days; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Fisher, Andrew J., 22, M.; bootmaker, en. Concord, N. H., cr. Boston; - July 27, '63; recruit to Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, - thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Fizzell, James, 18, --; plumber, Springfield; Sept. 20, '64; from Co. - A, Fifth M. V. M., 100 days, where he was carried as Frizzell; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Flanagan, Anthony, 23, S.; lather, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Foley, John E., 38, M.; tailor, Boston; Aug. 20, '62; dis., May 3, - '65, O. W. D. - - Frahm, Louis, 40, M.; shoemaker, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; k. Aug. 18, - '64, Weldon R. R. - - Frederick, Benjamin B., 34, M.; carriage painter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, - '62; dis. disa., Dec. 4, '63. - - Gallagher, Edward, 30, M.; laborer, Boston; Aug. 1, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Gordon, Horace, F., 36, M.; shoemaker, Roxbury, Aug. 20, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Green, John W., 25, M.; teamster, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; missing, May - 8, '64, Spottsylvania. - - Gunning, John, 25, M.; laborer, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; d. prison hospital, Dec. 10, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Ham, Henry A., 28, S.; clerk, Boston; July 27, '63; recruit to - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Henry, Daniel, 33, M.; piano maker; Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; k. May 10, - '64, Spottsylvania. - - Hicks, William L., 18, S.; clerk, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. disa., - Nov. 11, '63. - - Hiedenway, David, 37, M.; shoemaker, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. June - 9, '65; roll also says "d. Dec. 14, '66"; vid. p. 52 of the narrative. - - Holbrook, Silas P., 28, S.; clerk, Dorchester; July 16, '61; in - Thirteenth Infty., re-en. Jan. 4, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence - dis., S. O. W. D., July 19, '64, for Commission, 2d Lieutenant, - Forty-fifth U. S. C. T.; res. April 25, '65. - - Howard, Ephraim F., 18, S.; blacksmith, No. Bridgewater; Aug. 20, '62; - trans. V. R. C., Sept. 30, '63; dis. Aug. 25, '64, from 102d Co., - Second Batt. V. R. C. - - Huggins, Arthur H., 22, S.; plumber, Boston; Aug. 20, '62; dis. disa., - Sept. 19, '63. - - Hunter, James, 22, S.; carpenter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. disa., - Feb. 6, '64. - - Hunter, Robert L., 44, M.; carpenter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; absent at - M. O. in Philadelphia; vide letter, W. D., Jan. 22, '94. - - Jones, William, 21, S.; bootmaker, Taunton; Aug. 4, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Kelly, Edward, 43, M.; carder, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; trans. V. R. C., - Sept. 16, '63; dis. disa., Oct. 24, '65, from Sixteenth Co., Second - Batt. V. R. C. - - Kelly, John, 20, S.; ropemaker, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; d. Nov. 26, - '64, Washington, D. C. - - Kelly, William, 39, M.; laborer, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; trans. Jan. 5, - '64, V. R. C.; dis. from Third Independent Co., V. R. C., Aug. 29, '66. - - Killduff, James, 37, M.; ropemaker, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; d. a - prisoner, Nov. 27, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Landgreve, George, 39, M.; carpenter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; missing, - May 8, '64, Spottsylvania. - - Leach, Rodney M., 28, M.; bootmaker, No. Bridgewater; July 16, '63; - recruit to Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to the - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Ledwith, John, 21, S.; laborer, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; prom. Corp.; M. - O. June 2, '65; 1913, Peabody. - - Lewis, Edward H., 18, S.; clerk, Stoneham; Aug. 20, '62; prom. Corp.; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; 1913, 22 Quincy Street, - Chicago; though b. in Roxbury, Jan. 5, 1845, his life has been spent - largely in the West; his well kept diary was drawn upon in the making - of this history; he is a member of U. S. Grant Post 28, Dept. of Ill. - - Loker, James D. (Sergt.), 34, M.; policeman, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; d. - Dec. 30, '62, Poolesville, Md. - - Lull, Stephen, 29, M.; shoemaker, Halifax; Aug. 20, '62; June 2, '65. - - Macarty, Edward H., 22, S.; provisions, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; d. - April 29, '65. - - McDonald, George, b. 1844; 18, S.; laborer, Middleborough; en. Sept. - 2, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; escaped; M. O. June 2, '65; machinist; - ass't. chief, Fire Dep't; 1913, Pawtucket, R. I. - - McDonald, John, 35, M.; en. Aug. 31, '62; wd. May 10, '64, - Spottsylvania; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Mackenzie, Daniel, 29, M.; baker, Roxbury; Aug. 31, '62; dis. disa., - July 19, '63. - - McNeil, William C., 32, M.; painter, Boston; July 13, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - McNulty, Thomas, 33, M.; porter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; wd. May 10, - '64, Spottsylvania; M. O. June 2, '65. - - McPherson, John J., 25, S.; baker, Boston; Oct. 8, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth and M. O. May 19, '65. - - Melton, Joseph L., 30, M.; shoemaker, Halifax; Aug. 20, '62; d. Nov. - 9, '63, Alexandria, Va. - - Milner, Thomas K., 34, M.; Carpenter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; d. April - 29, '65. - - Mitchell, Franklin A., 41, S.; carpenter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; d. - from wds. June 2, '64, according to the rolls, but G. V. Shedd's diary - has it June 20. - - Mohan, Terrance P., 18, S.; painter, Boston; Aug. 20, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; paroled, Oct. 7, '64; M. O. May 18, '65. - - Moore, Sidney, 19, S.; farmer, Westport; Oct. 12, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. as "returned deserter"; N. F. R.; not carried - to roll of the Thirty-second. - - Morgan, John, 33, M.; butcher, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. disa., - April 22, '63. - - Moses, George F., b. Aug. 24, 1843; 19, S.; farmer, Milton; Aug. 20, - '62; lost left arm, May 10, '64, Laurel Hill; dis. disa., March 17, - '65; for many years, watchman at State House, Boston; resides in - Roxbury, 1913. - - Monroe, James, 18, S.; farmer, Provincetown; Oct. 19, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Murphy, Thomas, 24, S.; farmer, Charlton; July 25, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Murray, Patrick, 21, S.; painter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; wd. May 10, - '64, Spottsylvania; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Noble, Joseph A., 33, M.; painter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. Dec. - 22, '63; later in Co. H Fifty-sixth Massachusetts Infantry. - - Nolan, Patrick, 39, M.; brass finisher, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; wd. no - time or place given; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Nute, Joseph, 40, M.; carpenter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. June 29, - '65. - - Palmer, Rensilleir L. (Corp.), 34, M.; piano key maker, Roxbury; Aug. - 20, '64; Sergt. March 1, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Perkins, Henry S., 21, M.; provisions, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. as - Corp. June 16, '64, O. W. D. - - Perkins, Jonathan, 36, M.; laborer, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; M. O. July - 10, '65. - - Plympton, William P., 23, S.; mechanic, Springfield; Sept. 20, - '64; M. O. June 14, '65; had been dis. Sept. 19, from Co. A, Fifth - Massachusetts Volunteer Militia (100 days), to re-en. here; 1910, - Insurance, Southbridge. - - Pyne, Frederick (Sergt.), 29, M.; carpenter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; - prom. 1st Sergt.; dis. O. W. D., July 29, '63. - - Reaney, Patrick, 26, W.; laborer, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; d. Feb. 26, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Rich, Giles H. (Sergt.), 21, S.; lawyer, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. - June 20, '63, Washington, D. C., for Captain's Commission, First U. - S. C. T.; prom. Lieut. Colonel, Oct. 13, '64; M. O. Sept. 29, '65, - Roanoke Island, N. C. - - Richardson, William R., 32, M.; teamster, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; prom. - Sergt.; 1st Sergt., March 1, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Ricker, Oliver P., b. 1837; 26, M.; expressman, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; - prom. Sergt.; prom. 2d Lieut. Sept. 8, '64; dis., June 6, '65; clerk; - 1913, Dorchester. - - Robinson, Andrew J. (Corp.), 28, M.; mason, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; M. - O. June 18, '65. - - Robinson, John R., 24, S.; mason, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; Pris., Aug. - 19, '64; d. Dec. 6, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Roland, Richard, 20, S.; waiter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. disa., - June 9, '63. - - Rosemere, Conrad (Corp.), 22, S.; pattern maker, Roxbury; Aug. 20, - '62; M. O. June 2, '65; as Rosemeyer, he had served from May 24 to - Aug. 31, '61, in the First Massachusetts Infantry. - - Russell, Edmund, 27, M.; farmer, Wayland; Aug. 20, '62; by the fall of - a tree, his leg was broken March 7, '63; on recovery he was sent to - Readville, Mass. and detailed as cook; dis. May 16, '65; went West. - - Saunders, Abraham, 25, M.; carpenter, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. - disa., June 9, '63. - - Schaffer, Henry, 27, --; clerk, Concord; July 22, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. March 31, '65, Hatcher's - Run; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Schroeffel, Phillip (Mus.), 35, M.; --, Roxbury; M. O. June 2, '65; - 1913, Roxbury. - - Scott, Peter F., 42, M.; laborer, Taunton; July 25, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Shea, Peter E., 32, M.; rope maker, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. disa., - Nov. 16, '62. - - Shedd, Albert A., 23, S.; tradesman, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; dis. April - 12, '64 for Commission in Forty-third, U. S. C. T. - - Shedd, George V., 21, S.; clerk, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65; his diary enters largely in the history; 1913, Preston, Conn. - - Skinner, George F., 19, S.; carpenter, So. Reading; Aug. 20, '62; wd. - Aug. 18, '64, Weldon R. R.; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Smith, Charles H., 26, M.; seaman, Boston; July 29, '63; recruit - to Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. March 31, '65, - Hatcher's Run; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Smith, Henry R., 23, S.; farmer, Ashland; July 21, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to the Thirty-ninth; Pris.; d. Nov. 6, '64, - Salisbury, N. C. - - Smith, Peter, 30, M.; laborer, Adams; July 14, '63; recruit to Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to the Thirty-ninth, thence to the Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Smith, Sidney, Jr., 21, S.; machinist, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Somerby, Frank (Corp.), 20, S.; clerk, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; 1913, Roxbury. - - Spellan, Dennis, 41, M.; farmer, Southborough; Dec. 22, '63; - recruit to Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to the - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Stepper, Joseph, Jr., 19, S.; moulder, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; wd. May - 8, '64, Spottsylvania; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Stevens, Charles E., 18, --; student, Springfield; Sept. 20, '64; - M. O. June 2, '65; had been dis. Sept. 18, '64, from Co. A Fifth - Massachusetts Volunteer Militia to re-en. here. - - Strickland, William, 23, --; butcher, Canton; Aug. 4, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. May 8, '64, Spottsylvania; - trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Strong, Edward A., 31, S.; farmer, Gt. Barrington; July 15, '63; - recruit to Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Stuart, Thomas, 24, --; laborer, Taunton; Aug. 4, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. Dec. 4, - '64. - - Sturtevant, Henry B., 20, S.; cordwainer, Stoneham; June 26, '61; had - deserted from Co. D, Twelfth Infty., Sept., 8, '61; was arrested Sept. - 2, '64, and sent to the Thirty-ninth to serve out term; trans. to the - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Sullivan, Dennis O., 23, M.; lather, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Sullivan, Thomas, 21, S.; laborer, Roxbury; Dec. 21, '63; wd. May 10, - '64, Spottsylvania; dis. disa., no date; 1913, Roxbury. - - Swain, Edwin A. (Corp.), 29, S.; tradesman, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; - prom. Sergt.; dis. Dec. 3, '63, for Commission in Third U. S. C. T. - - Swan, Charles, 21, S.; teamster, Springfield; July 15, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. - R.; d. Feb. 2, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Sweat, Charles W., 29, S.; machinist, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Symmes, Alfred, 42, M.; organ builder, Roxbury; Aug. 30, '62; dis. - disa., July 6, '63. - - Taft, Isaac D., 31, S.; farmer, Uxbridge; July 18, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Turner, Charles, 21, S.; groom, Boston; July 29, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; des. from hospital, no date - given. - - Tyree, John C., 18, S.; laborer, Springfield; Sept. 20, '64; M. - O. June 2, '65; had been dis., Sept. 19, '64, from Co. A, Fifth - Massachusetts Volunteer Militia (100 days), to re-en. here. - - Wadsworth, Charles, 30, S.; moulder, Plymouth; July 17, '63; recruit - to the Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris.; d. Nov. 11, '64, - Salisbury, N. C. - - Warren, George, 22, S.; agent, Boston; July 9, '63; recruit to Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Wheeler, George, 40, S.; teamster, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - White, William H., 38, M.; carpenter, Brookline; Aug. 20, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 21, '63. - - Whitman, Henry B., 25, M.; shoe cutter, Middleborough; July 14, '63; - recruit to Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. May 15, '65, - O. W. D. - - Whitaker, Channing, 18, S.; farmer, Needham; en. Sept. 2, '62; wd. May - 10, '64; M. O. June 19, '65; graduated at the Massachusetts Institute - of Technology, 1869, as Civil Engineer, in which Department, for - a number of following years, he was a professor; during his later - years he was Consulting Mechanic and Patent Engineer with the Lowell - Machine Shops, with residence in Tyngsboro; d. July 23, 1913; his - contributions to this history are prominent features. - - Wilborg, William, 32, M.; coppersmith, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; wd. May - 12, '64, Spottsylvania; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Williams, Henry, 20, --; merchant, Springfield; Sept. 20, '64; M. O. - June 2, '65; had been dis. Sept. 19th from Co. A, Fifth M. V. M., to - re-en. here. - - Wilson, Thomas A., 25, M.; moulder, Roxbury; Aug. 20, '62; wd. June - 18, '64, Petersburg; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Winters, Thomas B., --, --; --, Sandy Hook, Md.; en. Oct. 1, '61; - recruit to Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. Aug. 18, - '64, Spottsylvania; dis. Oct. 1, '64, ex. of s. - - Wood, James, 23, S.; clerk, Boston; en. Aug. 30, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - - - -COMPANY C - -Medford - - -CAPTAIN - - John Hutchins, 42, M.; ship-carpenter; Medford; Aug. 14, '62; Pris. - Aug. 18, '64, Weldon R. R.; M. O. June 2, '65; Lieut. Colonel June - 7, '65, not mustered; had served as Captain in the 3 mos. term of - the Fifth M. V. M., Co. E, 1861; U. S. Navy Yard, Charlestown; d. - Medford, Oct. 12, 1905; b. York, Me., Oct. 17, 1820; came to Medford - when 16 years old; early in the Militia he also was foreman of the - local fire company, and was a member of the Masonic order. Dying - at the Medford Inn, his home for several years, Oct. 12, 1905, his - funeral on the 15th was conducted in the Lawrence Armory with the - highest military honors, many of his old comrades in arms being - present; burial was in Oak Grove Cemetery; "He never shirked a duty." - - -FIRST LIEUTENANTS - - Perry Coleman, 28, M.; clerk, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; res. Nov. 7, - '63; was 2d Lieut. in Co. E, Fifth M. V. M. 3 mos. term, 1861; d. - Washington, D. C. - - Charles W. Hanson, from Co. E, Nov. 8, '63; Pris. Aug. 18, '64; prom. - Captain Sept. 8, '64; vide Co. E. - - Orville A. Barker, Sept. 15, '64; Adjutant Dec. 5, '64. - - William McDevitt, April 3, '65; not mustered; M. O. June 2, '65, as 2d - Lieut.; long in Paving Department, Boston, 1913, Allston. - - -SECOND LIEUTENANTS - - Isaac F. R. Hosea, 30, M.; clerk, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; the most of - Lieut. Hosea's service was with the Brigade Pioneer Corps and he was - commanding it when captured, Aug. 19, '64; prom. 1st Lieut. Jan. 15, - '65; M. O. June 2, '65, as 2d Lieut.; had served as 1st Sergt. in Co. - E, Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. term; long clerk B. & M. R. R.; d. April 16, - 1893, Medford. - - Orville A. Barker from Hosp. Steward, Nov. 8, '63, mustered Dec. 7, - '63, vice Hosea on detached service; prom. 1st Lieut. Sept. 15, '64. - - William McDevitt from Co. K, Sept. 15, '64; prom. 1st Lieut. April 3, - '65. - - -ENLISTED MEN - - Alden, William F., July 20, 1833; (Corp.), 29, M.; clerk, Medford; - Aug. 14, '62; dis. disa., Jan. 21, '63; had been in Co. E, Fifth M. V. - M., 3 mos. term, 1861; engraver, policeman and janitor, Medford; 1913, - Cambridge. - - Alley, Charles Q., b. Sept. 18, 1842; 20, S.; baker, Medford; Aug. - 6, '62; trans., no date, Forty-eighth Co., 2d Batt., V. R. C.; dis. - June 26, '65; wholesale notions and toys; for forty-six years a member - of Methodist S. S., Rockford, Ill., for twenty-eight years Assistant - Superintendent, for forty-four years church usher, for twenty-eight, - Secretary and Treasurer of the Eastern Veterans' Association of the - Civil War; he retains the knapsack received at Boxford, as well - as cap, canteen and haversack, his old army overcoat dates from - Thoroughfare Gap, Oct., '63; 1913, Rockford, Ill. - - Baldwin, John M., 28, M.; carpenter, Ashburnham; July 15, '63; - recruit; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Ballou, Charles H., 34, S.; carpenter, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. - May 18, '65. - - Barker, William S., 29, M.; watchmaker, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Barnard, David A., 19, S.; baker, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; trans. Co. A, - Sixth V. R. C.; dis. July 6, '65. - - Bates, Hiram W., 32, M.; carpenter, Brighton; July 10, '63; recruit, - trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Baxter, George M., 35, M.; cabinet-maker, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; dis. - disa., Oct. 31, '62. - - Beck, John S., 18, S.; --, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65; his diary indispensable to the history; b. Portsmouth, N. H., - 1838; engine and carriage painter till he entered U. S. Railway Mail - Service; leader Medford Band, Commander Post 66, G. A. R., etc.; d. - Jan., 1910, Gloucester. - - Beirne, James, 18, S.; currier, Medford; July 29, '62; k. May 10, '64, - Spottsylvania. - - Blanchard, William H., 27, S.; pork packer, Medford; Aug. 9, '62; M. - O. June 2, '65. - - Bond, Dudley, 43, M.; Aug. 8, '62; dis. disa., Jan. 21, '63; - confectioner, Medford. - - Booker, George D. (Corp.), 23, S.; farmer, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; - trans. Nov. 26, '64, to V. R. C.; M. O. June 28, '65, from Co. B - Twelfth Reg't. V. R. C.; had been in Co. E, Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. - term, 1861; died in Medford. - - Bowen, Samuel C., 22, S.; seaman, Barnstable; May 7, '64; Pris., d. - Nov. 27, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Briggs, Benjamin M.; 29, M.; ship carpenter, Walpole; Aug. 14, '62; M. - O. May 19, '65. - - Bunker, Benjamin, Jr., 44, M.; shoemaker, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; dis. - disa., Oct. 26, '62. - - Busha, Stephen, 25, S.; moulder, Medford; July 22, '62; missing, May - 8, '64, Spottsylvania. - - Caldwell, George F., 29, S.; merchant, Fitchburg; July 16, '63; M. O. - May 18, '65. - - Carr, Royal S., 23, S.; clerk, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; Corp. Nov. 1, - '63; Sergt. May 10, '64; wd. May 23, '64, No. Anna River, Va.; M. O. - June 2, '65; had been in Co. E, Fifth Massachusetts Volunteer Militia - in 3 mos., term, 1861; 1913, Winchester. - - Chaffin, James W., --, --; teamster, Boston; recruit to Thirteenth - Infty., Co. I; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. Feb. 27, '65, ex. of s.; - real name Marion E. Fisk, vide letter, W. D. Jan. 30, 1904. - - Champlin, George H., 19, S.; laborer, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; prom. - Corp.; d. Jan. 4, '64, Culpepper, Va. - - Cheeney, William, 45, M.; ship carpenter, Medford; July 16, '62; dis. - disa., June 18, '63. - - Chenery, George W., 24, S.; clerk, Sudbury; July 8, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Churchill, George A., 21, S.; laborer, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; June 2, - '65. - - Clapp, George L., 19, S.; clerk, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Clapp, Meletiah O. (Corp.), 24, M.; ship carpenter, Medford; Aug. 14, - '62; trans. Navy, April 19, '64; dis. from the "Mendota," June 11, - '65; had been in Co. E, Fifth Massachusetts Volunteer Militia 3 mos. - term, 1861. - - Collins, John J., 22, S.; brick maker, Romney, N. H., cr. Boston; Dec. - 1, '64; dis. Feb. 23, '65, Annapolis, Md. - - Cooledge, Charles H., 22, S.; clerk, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; Pris., d. - Nov. 27, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Coughlin, Owen, 18, S.; laborer, Medford; Aug. 9, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Crockett, Edward F., 18, S.; clerk, Medford; July 29, '62; dis. Aug. - 15, '64. - - Currell, Henry G., 18, S.; clerk, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; Pris.; d. - Sept. 14, '64, Andersonville, Ga. - - Curtis, Frank J., 21, M.; bolter, Medford; July 18, '62; Pris.; - d. Feb. 26, Richmond, Va.; had been in Co. E, Fifth Massachusetts - Volunteer Militia, 3 mos. term, 1861. - - Cushing, Henry H. D. (Sergt.), 21, M.; clerk, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; - dis. disa., Jan. 27, '64; had been in Co. E, Fifth Massachusetts - Volunteer Militia, 3 mos. term, 1910, Medford. - - Cushing, Joseph M., 22, S.; baker, Medford; Aug. 11, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Cutter, Benjamin P., 20, S.; clerk, Medford; July 28, '62; absent at - M. O. June 2, '65. - - Dean, Elijah C., 31, S.; yeoman, Oakham; July 13, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; dis. May - 25, '65. - - Dow, Albert F. (Sergt.), 29, M.; ship carpenter, Medford; Aug. 14, - '62; M. O. June 2, '65; had been in Co. E, Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. - term, 1861. - - Dow, Benjamin H., 30, M.; moulder, Aug. 14, '62; prom. Corp.; wd. Nov. - 28, '63, Mine Run, Va.; trans. Ninth Reg't, V. R. C.; dis. June 26, - '64. - - Dushuttle, Henry L., 18, S.; shoemaker, Medford; July 12, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 23, '62; later Co. I, Second H. Arty. - - Dyer, Charles E. (Mus.), 17, S.; gold beater, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; - M. O. June 2, '65. - - Eames, John H., b. Dec. 16, '64; (Sergt.), 27, S.; carpenter, Medford; - Aug. 19, '62; 1st Sergt. June 7, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. - R.; 2d Lieut. Sept. 6, '64; 1st Lieut. April 3, '65; M. O. June 2, - '65; M. O. as 1st Sergt.; came home from the war broken in health and - for several months totally blind; recovering his health, from 1870 - to 1876, postmaster at Medford; later, removed to Marshfield Hills, - where he now resides; the data, concerning war prisoners from the - Thirty-ninth, are largely due to him; had been in Co. E, Fifth M. V. - M., 3 mos. term, 1861; for 12 years, Selectman, assessor or overseer - of the poor in Marshfield; 1913, Marshfield Hills. - - Ellis, Benjamin J., 27, M.; cabinet maker, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. May 21, '65. - - Ellis, Hezekiah C., 43, M.; laborer, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Fisk, Marion E., vide Chaffin, James W. - - Fletcher, Joel M. (Corp.), 26, S.; carpenter, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; - wd. June 18, '64, Petersburg; d. Aug. 25, '64; had been in Co. E, - Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, 1861. - - Fletcher, Thomas M., 21, M.; clerk, Medford; July 28, '62; wd. May 6, - '64, Wilderness; M. O. Aug. 14, '65; had been in Co. E, Fifth M. V. - M., 3 mos. term, 1861. - - Fox, Terrance L., 24, M.; weaver, So. Hadley, cr. Easthampton; July - 16, '63; recruit to Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. Aug. - 18, '64, Weldon R. R.; M. O. May 25, '65. - - Gage, George W. (Wagoner), 45, M.; wood turner, Charleston; Aug. 14, - '62; dis. disa., Dec. 9, '63. - - Gilbert, Henry E., 26, M.; farmer, Southbridge; July 14, '63; recruit - to Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. disa., Sept. 20, '64. - - Gill, Anderson L. B., 28, M.; gold beater, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; wd. - May 10, '64, Spottsylvania; trans. Jan. 7, '65; V. R. C.; dis. disa., - Aug. 7, '65. - - Gillard, Thomas H., 31, S.; calker, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Gleason, Patrick, 18, S.; currier, Medford; Aug. 6, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; d. Nov. 14, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Goodale, Edward, 36, M.; painter, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; trans. Feb. - 15, '64, V. R. C.; dis. from Co. I, Second V. R. C., June 26, '65. - - Gordon, Orange S., 22, S.; weaver, Worcester; July 14, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. May 24, '65. - - Graff, Frederick, 33, S.; baker, Westford; July 21, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Graves, Austin, 25, S.; bootmaker, Hopkinton; July 14, '63; recruit - to Twelfth Infty.; wd. Aug. 18, '64, Weldon R. R.; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Haley, James T., 21, S.; cooper, Waltham; Oct. 26, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Harding, William, 18, S.; mason, Medford; Aug. 11, '62; k. May 10, - '64, Spottsylvania. - - Hart, Michael, 30, S.; laborer, Boston; July 24, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. Aug. 18, '64, Weldon R. - R.; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Hartshorn, Elbridge B., 35, M.; upholsterer, Medford; Aug. 4, '65; - dis. May 18, '65, O. W. D. - - Haskell, Charles F., 18, S.; laborer, Medford; Aug. 8, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 23, '63. - - Hatch, Edwin B., 36, M.; Aug. 14, '62; prom. Corp.; k. March 31, '65, - Hatcher's Run. - - Hathaway, Henry R., 19, M.; laborer, Medford; July 29, '62; wd. May 8, - '64. - - Hathaway, Nelson F., 23, S.; carpenter, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Hathaway, Rodney C., 22, S.; mason, Medford; July 31, '62; prom. - Corp.; k. Aug. 18, '64, Weldon R. R. - - Heath, Andrew J., 27, M.; farmer, Medford; July 18, '62; dis. disa., - Oct. 26, '62. - - Hervey, James A., 34, M.; lawyer, Medford; July 29, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Holbrook, Frederick W. D., b. Jan. 26, 1840; 22, M.; civil engineer, - Medford; Aug. 14, '62; dis. Feb. 9, '64, O. W. D. to accept position - in the Engineering Department Defenses of Washington, under General - J. G. Barnard, remaining there till after close of the War. From - discharge to date, every year is accounted for with service from - Hoosac Tunnel to Puget Sound, largely in R. R. development. For - twenty-five years he has been in or near Seattle, Washington, in whose - professional and social life he has been and is a prominent factor; - 1913, Bremerton, Wash. - - Hoyt, Moses C., 42, M.; farmer, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; dis. May 15, - '65, O. W. D. - - Hubbell, Joseph P., 29, S.; clerk, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; d. July 7, - '63, Washington, D. C. - - Ireland, Edward, 19, S.; farmer, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; k. March 12, - '64, Lawville, Va. - - Ireland, Edwin, 19, S.; painter, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; M. O. June 29, '65. - - Ireland, Henry A., Jr. (Corp.), 22, S.; wheelwright, Medford; Aug. 14, - '62; wd. May 12, '64, Spottsylvania; Sergt. March 9, '65; M. O. June - 2, '65, as Sergt.; had served in Co. E, Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, - 1861; 1910, Medford. - - Jepson, Samuel G. (Corp.), 30, M.; machinist, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; - M. O. June 2, '65. - - Johnson, John, 25, S.; sailor, Gloucester; Jan. 9, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64, Weldon R. R.; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Jones, Obadiah, 18, S.; farmer, Randolph; Feb. 25, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second Infty. and M. O. - - Joyce, Alfred, 32, M.; carpenter, Medford; Aug. 2, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; d. Nov. 7, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Joyce, Henry S., 33, M.; joiner, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Joyce, Samuel W., 21, S.; clerk, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; d. July 20, - '63; Middleburg, Va. - - Joyce, Winslow, b. Feb. 6, 1844; 18, S.; clerk, Medford; July 31, '62; - M. O. June 7, '65; sealer, weights and measures, and inspector of - milk; 1913, Medford. - - Kendrick, Coleman C., 44, M.; joiner, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; trans. - Dec. 1, '63, Forty-eighth Co., 2d Batt., V. R. C.; dis. March 16, '65; - also, Kenrick. - - Kendrick, Edwin T. (Mus.), 17, S.; farmer, Medford; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Lange, Joseph, 21, S.; clerk, Worcester; July 24, '62; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Lewis, Joseph, 24, M.; painter, Boston; July 13, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Litchfield, Otis V., 26, M.; carpenter, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Livingston, Robert, 36, M.; bolter, Medford; Aug. 6, '62; Pris.; d. - Sept. 14, '64, Andersonville, Ga. - - McDermott, Bernard E., 29, S.; clerk, Boston; June 8, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. May 6, '64, Wilderness; - trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - McGee, James, 23, S.; clerk, Stoughton; Oct. 28, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. March - 21, '65, Annapolis. - - McLaughlin, Michael, 19, S.; laborer, Calaise, Me.; July 21, '61; en. - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. Aug. 12, '64, ex. of s. - - McNamara, Bernard, 24, S.; painter, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; des. Feb. - 6, '63. - - Mahall, John, 21, S.; laborer, Fall River; July 24, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Manning, John A., 25, S.; teamster, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Merritt, Benjamin F., 40, M.; sailor, Scituate; Aug. 14, '62; dis. - disa., Aug. 21, '63. - - Meston, Peter D., 36, M.; bookbinder, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Mitchell, Thomas O. H., b. June 13, 1826, Bath, Me.; 37, M.; joiner, - Medford; Aug. 11, '62; wd. May 12, '64, Spottsylvania; M. O. June 2, - '65; ship-joiner and house carpenter; 1913, Medford. - - Morrison, Isaac T. (Corp.), 41, M.; ship-carpenter, Medford; Aug. 14, - '62; prom. Sergt.; Pris.; d. Feb. 23, '65, Salisbury, N. C.; had been - in Co. E, Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, 1861. - - Northey, William H., 39, M.; mason, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Osborn, Alvin W., 20, S.; gardener, Medford; Aug. 12, '62; Corp. March - 1, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Pratt, James H., 33, S.; farmer, Belchertown; July 14, '63; trans. - from Twelfth Infty., to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Prouty, John L., 43, M.; mason, Medford; July 31, '62; dis. disa., - June 17, '63. - - Putnam, Charles, 29, M.; shoemaker, Grafton; July 14, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. Aug. 18, '64, Weldon R. - R.; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Ramsdell, Emory W. (Corp.), 32, W.; shoemaker, Medford; July 22, '62; - wd. Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; M. O. June 2, '65; had been in Co. E, - Fifth M. V. M., in 3 mos. term, 1861; 1910, Medford. - - Redman, Wallace St. C., 27, M.; civil engineer, Medford; Aug. 8, '62;, - dis. disa., June 19, '63; later served in Navy as Assistant Engineer. - - Richardson, Charles A., 18, S.; blacksmith, Medford; Aug. 8, '62; wd. - May 8, '64, Alsop's Farm; M. O. June 2, '65; with Fairbanks Scales - Co. forty-seven years; joining the East Boston Methodist Church - in 1879, he has been S. S. teacher, Assistant Superintendent and - Superintendent; of his S. S. class, four members became clergymen, - one, John L. Bates, governor--there were no black sheep; successively - Church Treasurer and Secretary of the Board of Trustees, he has been - Class Leader for almost thirty years; an officer in the United Order - of the Golden Cross in 1883, he has been Treasurer of the United Order - of the Pilgrim Fathers since 1896; 1913, East Boston. - - Richardson, Franklin, 36, M.; carpenter, Medford; Aug. 7, '62; prom. - Corp.; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Roberts, Joseph W., 24, S.; brakeman, Boston; July 22, '61; trans. - from Co. C, Thirteenth Infty. to Thirty-ninth; dis. Aug. 22, '64, ex. - of s. - - Roberts, Milton F., 20, S.; carpenter, Medford; Aug 11, '62; Pris. - Aug. 18, '64, Weldon R. R.; M. O. June 2, '65; appointed carpenter - in the U. S. Navy Dec. 12, 1879, he served in this capacity till his - retirement, Feb 21, 1903, as Chief Carpenter with rank of Lieutenant; - his last sea service was on the Oregon, being one of those who saw the - part taken by the vessel, under Captain Clark, in the destruction of - the Cristobal Colon, near Santiago and the consequent end of Spanish - rule in America. Lieut. Roberts was ordered to the Oregon while - she was building in San Francisco, and was on board through all of - the famous trip down the Pacific Coast, around Cape Horn and up the - Atlantic, one of the most remarkable cruises in modern naval history; - his experiences on this voyage would make a most entertaining volume; - the results of the trip are matters of history, but every member of - the Thirty-ninth feels a measure of reflected glory in that one of - his comrades had a part in the building, cruising and fighting of the - Oregon; since his retirement, Lieut. Roberts has resided in Medford; - b. Medford, April 17, 1842, he attended the public and private schools - of the town and Spaulding's Academy for Bookkeeping in Charlestown; - for many years was a member of the Medford Fire Dept. and is in - the Masonic Order Lodge, Chapter, and Commandery; for 27 years has - belonged to the Royal Arcanum and for more than ten years has been a - member of the Veteran Association, Lawrence Life Guard; from boyhood - has attended the Universalist Church. - - Rogers, William H., 18, S.; laborer, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; Pris.; d. - Feb. 14, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Rugg, George J., 43, M.; carpenter, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. May - 31, '65. - - Samson, Albert A., 21, M.; clerk, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; prom. Corp.; - dis. Oct. 26, '63, for promotion; N. F. R. - - Sargent, Walter H., 18, --; shoemaker, Bridgewater; Feb. 10, '62; - trans. from Twelfth Infty.; dis. Feb. 28, '65, ex. of s. - - Senter, John H., 38, M.; gardener, Medford; Aug. 11, '62; trans. Aug. - 19, '63, to Co. E, Fourteenth Regt., V. R. C.; trans. back to Co. C - Jan. 9, '64; M. O. May 24, '65. - - Sheridan, James A., 20, M.; clerk, Dedham; Aug. 27, '63; recruit to - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Simpson, John H., 21, S.; clerk, Medford; July 17, '62; wd. May 8, - '64, Spottsylvania; dis. Dec. 20, '64. - - Smith, William S., 35, M.; chemist, Boston; July 17, '63; recruit Co. - I, Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 14, '64; d. Nov. - 17, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Southworth, William B., 23, S.; clerk, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 20, '64. - - Stevens, Samuel M. (Sergt.), 27, M.; ship carpenter, Medford; prom. - 1st Sergt.; k. May 10, '64, Spottsylvania. - - Thompson, Edward, 20, S.; seaman, Methuen; July 13, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Thompson, James, 18, S.; laborer, Medford; July 23, '62; wd. Aug. 19, - '64, Weldon R. R.; dis. disa., May 17, '65. - - Trask, Charles H., 26, S.; shipwright, Boston; July 9, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Tucker, Aaron, 32, M.; teamster, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; prom. Corp.; - M. O. June 2, '65. - - Tufts, Augustus, 45, S.; farmer, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; dis. disa., - Jan. 27, '64. - - Tully, Isaac J., 21, --; framemaker, Boston; July 9, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence trans. to Thirty-second - and M. O. - - Turner, Samuel H., Jr. (Sergt.), 24, M.; calker, Medford; Aug. 14, - '62; wd. May 8, '64, Spottsylvania; M. O. June 14, '65; had been in - Co. E, Fifth M. V. M., in 3 mos. term, 1861. - - Tyler, Henry H., 21, S.; clerk, Medford; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Vaeight, William, 22, S.; blacksmith, Swanzey; Aug. 5, '63; recruit to - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. - June 14, '65; Schouler has "Voight." - - Vickery, John F., 29, M.; June 10, '63; recruit to Twelfth Infty.; - trans. to Thirty-ninth; d. Aug. 12, '64, Alexandria, Va. - - Voight, Wm., vide Vaeight. - - Walker, Benjamin, 45, M.; bolter, Medford; Aug. 1, '62; dis. disa., - Nov. 20, '63. - - Walker, William A., 18, S.; laborer, Medford; Aug. 11, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Wayland, Henry P., 22, S.; gardener, Swampscot, Aug. 14, '62; des. - Feb. 6, '63. - - Webb, Lemuel, 32, M.; sailor, Scituate; Aug. 14, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Welch, Charles, 22, S.; slater, Salem; July 26, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Whitney, Jophanus, 18, S.; painter, Medford; Aug. 10, '62; Corp., May - 29, '64; Sergt. (Color bearer), March 2, '65; wd. April 1, '65; M. O. - June 22, '65, Philadelphia, Penn.; b. Avon, Me.; en. Co. E, Fifth M. - V. M., Nov. 12, 1859; through successive promotions became Colonel, - Aug. 6, '97; commanded Regt. in Spanish War; Brig. Gen'l, 2d Brigade, - Feb. 23, 1901; retired as Major Gen'l, Feb. 23, 1908; in early life, - learned painter's trade; later was a cigar-maker; twelve years on - Medford Police Force; for many years on State Police Force; since - 1908, its Chief; 1913, Medford. - - Whittaker, James L., 36, M.; machinist, Medford; July 28, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 15, '63. - - Williams, John, 28, M.; Aug. 5, '63; sailor, Boston; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Wilson John (1st), 21, S.; calker, Lawrence; July 28, '63; on M. O. of - Reg't trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - - - -COMPANY D. - -Quincy - - -CAPTAINS - - Edward A. Spear, 45, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; Aug. 14, '62; wd. Aug. 18, - '64; Petersburg; dis. disa., Sept. 9, '64; had been 1st Lieut., Co. - H, Fourth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, 1861; b. Dec. 7, 1816, Quincy; d. - there, June 25, 1897. - - William G. Sheen, from Co. I, Sept. 8, '64; brevet Major, April 1, - '65; M. O. June 2, 1865. - - -FIRST LIEUTENANTS - - William G. Sheen, 24, M.; jeweller, Quincy; Aug. 14, '62; had been in - Co. H, Fourth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, 1861; trans. Oct. '63 to Co. I, - vice, Mulligan, res. - - John D. Reed, from Co. F, Sept. 20, '63; prom. Captain, Co. I, Sept. - 6, '64. - - -SECOND LIEUTENANTS - - Charles H. Porter, 19, S.; clerk, Quincy; Aug. 14, '62; prom. 1st - Lieut. Jan. 25, '64; vide Co. A. - - Oscar Persons, from Co. K, Feb. 4, '63; res. Oct. 24, 1863; took up - newspaper work and for last twenty years of his life was connected - with the Hudson Enterprise; d. June 26, 1901, Hudson. - - Joseph A. Merrifield, from Co. F, Oct. '63; prom. 1st Lieut. May 4, - '64, Co. B. - - George A. Barker, from Sergt; May 4, '64; taken prisoner, Aug. 19, - '64; prom. 1st Lieut. Sept. 8, '64; not mustered; M. O. June 2, 1865, - as 2d Lieut. - - -ENLISTED MEN - - Ahearn, Thomas, 27, S.; bootmaker, Quincy; Aug. 6, '62; Pris. May 21, - '64; Feb. 17, '65; M. O. June 5, '65. - - Alden, Albert M., 28, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 15, '62; dis. disa., - Sept. 11, '63; later, Co. B, Sixtieth Massachusetts, 100 days. - - Alden, Henry A., 19, S.; wheelwright, Quincy; July 18, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Armstrong, John L., 44, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 21, '62; trans. to - Second Co., Second Batt., V. R. C.; dis. July 14, '65. - - Badger, Ezra (Wagoner), 44, M.; farmer, Quincy; July 30, '62; d. Oct. - 14, '62. - - Bailey, Christopher T. (1st Sergt.), 30, M.; bootmaker, Weymouth; - Sept. 7, '63; dis. disa., Nov. 26, '64. - - Barker, George A. (Sergt.), 21, S.; clerk, Quincy; prom. 2d Lieut., - May 4, '64; vide Co. D. - - Barry, Benjamin, 44, S.; seaman, Quincy; July 31, '62; dis. disa., - Nov. 15, '62. - - Barry, Patrick H., 20, S.; painter, Boston; en. July 22, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. July 8, '64; dis. disa., - Oct. 28, '64; in 1897, Adjt. Gen'l, Nebraska; lat. add., Lincoln, Neb. - - Baxter, Thompson, Jr., 19, S.; student, Quincy; Aug. 12, '62; dis. - disa., April 27, '65. - - Becker, Ferdinand, 29, S.; shoemaker, Boston; July 22, '63; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; d. Jan. 17, '65, Salisbury. - - Bertwhistle, James F., 24, --; --, Darnestown, Md.; en. Sept. 19, '61, - in Twelfth Infty.; Pris. July 1, '63; Gettysburg; paroled, when or - where, not stated, and the name was carried to the Thirty-ninth; just - a name and nothing more. - - Brackett, Walter P., 21, S.; seaman, Quincy; July 29, '62; trans. to - Navy April 22, '64; dis. from U. S. vessel, Chicopee, July 18, '65, as - seaman. - - Brophy, John, 31, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 3, '62; trans. Co. H, - Second V. R. C.; Sept. 25, '63; dis. July 31, '65. - - Brown, Samuel (Sergt.); wheelwright, Quincy; July 18, '62; wd. May 8, - '64, Spottsylvania; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Bullard, Asahel, 32, S.; yeoman, Oakham; July 13, '63; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64, to March 3, '65; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Burk, Walter, 35, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; Aug. 6, '62; d. Dec. 22, '63. - - Burns, William H., 19, S.; boatman; July 29, '62; prom. Corp.; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; d. Nov. 27, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Bushnell, Charles, 28, M.; shoemaker, Abington, cr. to Roxbury; Sept. - 28, '63; d. prisoner Nov. 14, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Campbell, Allen, N. F. R., except "k. in action June 17, '64," the - date is that of the first day at Petersburg. - - Carteze, George, 23, S.; ship carpenter, Boston, cr. Groton; July 27, - '63; recruit to the Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence - to the Thirty-second and M. O. - - Cheatham, James B., 43, --; --, Quincy; Aug. 29, '62; dis. disa., June - 26, '63. - - Christian, James B., 43, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 30, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 24, '63. - - Churchill, Thaddeus (Sergt.), 39, M.; painter, Quincy; Aug. 4, '62; - dis. Oct. 18, '63, for commission, U. S. C. T. - - Cleverly, George F., 29, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 31, '62; dis. - disa., Oct. 2, '63; had been in Co. H, Fourth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, - 1861. - - Coffin, Paul G., 36, M.; July 29, '62; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Colburn, William E., 38, M.; teamster, Quincy; prom. Corp.; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; d. Feb. 18, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Collier, George W., 30, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 31, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 5, '63. - - Collins, Michael, 44, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; Aug. 2, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Cotter, John, 21, S.; seaman, Barnstable; recruit to Twelfth Infty.; - trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Cowper, John, 25, S.; laborer, Charleston; July 27, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Crane, Seth, 41, M.; laborer, Quincy; July 29, '62; d. Dec. 22, '63. - - Curtis, Albert (Mus.), 21, S.; bootmaker, Abington; Aug. 13, '62; - trans. March 13, '65, V. R. C.; M. O. May 31, '65. - - Curtis, Henry (Sergt.), 34, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 29, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Daley, Daniel, 29, M.; ledgeman, Quincy; Aug. 6, '62; dis. disa., Aug. - 23, '63. - - Daley, Garrett, 39, M.; ledgeman, Quincy; Aug. 1, '62; d. April 5, '65. - - Damon, Edward, Jr., ledgeman, Quincy; Aug. 2, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, - Weldon R. R.; d. Jan. 3, '65, Salisbury, N. C.; had been in Co. H, - Fourth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, 1861. - - Darren, George W., 29, M.; machinist, Boston; Nov. 14, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - DeForrest, Samuel D., b. June 16, 1845; 20, S.; farmer, Quincy; July - 15, '62; Pris. Aug. 14, '64, to Feb. 28, '65; M. O. July 18, '65; - stationary engineer; 1913, Quincy. - - Derby, Alden, 20, --; shoemaker, No. Bridgewater; Feb. 24, '62; - recruit to Thirty-ninth; prom. Corp.; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; N. F. R. - - Derry, Barden B., 26, M.; boatman, Quincy; wd. May 8, '64; 1st Sergt. - March 1, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Dickerman, Charles C., 22, W.; clerk, Quincy; Aug. 2, '62; prom. - Corp.; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. Jan. 28, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Donley, James, 18, S.; laborer, Quincy; Aug. 1, '62; d. Feb. 1, '65. - - Dooner, John, 27, M.; teamster, Quincy; July 29, '62; dis., disa. - March 1, '63. - - Doyle, Thomas, 40, --; --, Buffalo, N. Y.; June 7, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Drury, Charles A., 23, S.; bootmaker, Concord; July 14, 62; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Dunn, Arthur, 25, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 15, '62; Pris.; d. Jan. - 28, '64, Belle Isle, Richmond, Va. - - Durgin, Jonathan, 40, M.; teamster, Quincy; July 31, '62; wd. May 8, - '64, Laurel Hill; d. Pris. Jan. 5, '65, Salisbury. - - Ela, Elisha P. C., 26, M.; stonecutter, Quincy; Aug. 1, '62; k. May 8, - '64, Spottsylvania. - - Euderle, Joseph L. (Corp.), 20, S.; blacksmith, Quincy; Aug. 6, '62; - wd. May 10, '64; M. O. June 3, '65, S. O. W. D.; had been in Co. H, - Fourth M. V. M., as Enderly, 3 mos. term, 1861. - - Fineran, Patrick (Mus.), 18, S.; farmer, Quincy; July 18, '62; prom. - Sergt.; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Forbes, James E., 25, S.; stonecutter, Quincy; Aug. 6, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Fowler, Theodore W., 42, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 29, '62; M. O. - May 30, '65. - - Freeman, John C., 22, S.; clerk, Southbridge; recruit to Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris.; d. Florence, S. C., Feb. 18, - '65. - - French, Joseph T., 38, M.; clerk, Quincy; Aug. 1, '62; N. F. R. - - Garvere, Patrick, 44, M.; stonecutter, Quincy; July 31, '62; M. O. - June 2, '62. - - Gavin, Patrick H. (Corp.), 18, S.; farmer, Quincy; July 18, '62; wd. - May 12, '64; trans. V. R. C., Feb. 3, '65; dis. from Co. A, Eighteenth - V. R. C., June 2, '65. - - Gifford, Charles E., 18, S.; laborer, Florida; Aug. 22, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Gould, Samuel, 18, S.; laborer, Florida; Aug. 22, '64; d. April 11, - '65, Long Island, N. Y. - - Green, John F., 31, M.; seaman, Marblehead; July 10, '63; Pris.; d. - Dec. 15, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Groves, George D., 27, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; Aug. 5, '62; des. Sept. - 14, '62. - - Hanson, Hans C., 28, S.; sailor, Ashland; July 21, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; recorded as trans. to the Thirty-ninth, June 25, '64, - but he had died the preceding 14th of April, Andersonville, Ga. - - Harrington, John, 25, M.; shoemaker, Concord; July 14, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Hayden, Joseph W., 43, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 29, '62; dis. - disa., June 2, '63; later in Tenth Battery. - - Hayden, Josiah, Jr., 38, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 29, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Hayden, William, 18, S.; stonecutter, Gloucester; Aug. 13, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; d. Dec. 31, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Haynes, Joseph P. (Corp.), 40, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 15, '62; - Pris., June 7, '64; dis. May 22, '65. - - Hazleton, Benjamin L., 22, S.; farmer, Boston; Nov. 7, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence trans. to V. R. C.; N. - F. R. - - Hersey, George W., 31, M.; painter, Quincy; Aug. 31, '62; trans. Navy, - April 22, '64; dis., June 7, '65. - - Hill, John, Jr., 24, S.; currier, Quincy; Aug. 7, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Hobbs, John J., 38, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; Aug. 31, '62; dis. disa., - April 3, '63. - - Horgan, Cornelius, 33, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 25, '62; des. April - 28, '63. - - Howley, Thomas, 44, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; Aug. 21, '62; dis. disa., - June 2, '63. - - Howley, Thomas, Jr., 18, S.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 31, '62; absent - at M. O., sick; N. F. R. - - Hughes, James, 42, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 29, '62; d. May 13, '64. - - Huntress, Elijah, 19, S.; farmer, Quincy; Aug. 24, '62; wd. May 10, - '64; dis. on account of wds., May 8, '65. - - Huntress, Truman H., 21, M.; teamster, Quincy; Aug. 4, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65; 1913, Brockton. - - Kanily, Daniel, 27, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; Aug. 6, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; wd. April 1, '65, Five Forks; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Keep, William J., 19, S.; paper maker, Duxbury; March 14, '62; recruit - to Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. - March 19, '65. - - Kelly, James, 43, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 26, '62; M. O. May 18, - '65. - - Kelly, John, 19, M.; farmer, Quincy; July 19, '62; d. a prisoner, July - 2, '64, Richmond, Va. - - Kingsbury, Charles G., 27, S.; bootmaker, Medway; Jan. 16, '65; d. May - 30, '65. - - Kittridge, Josiah N., 24, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 31, '62; d. Oct. - 23, '64, Quincy. - - Leavitt, Charles F., 19, S.; stonecutter, Quincy; Aug. 19, '62; prom. - Sergt.; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Littlefield, Henry B., 21, S.; farmer, Holliston; July 14, '63; - recruit to Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; trans. March 13, - '65, V. R. C. - - Lunt, Theodore H., 35, M.; stone cutter, Quincy; Aug. 6, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; d. Oct. 23, '64, Annapolis, Md. - - Luzarder, Joseph M., 19, S.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 22, '62; k. Aug. - 18, '64, Weldon R. R. - - Luzarder, Moses, 23, S.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 23, '62; dis. disa., - Jan. 26, '64; later Co. B, Sixtieth Massachusetts, 100 days. - - McCarthy, John, 44, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 19, '62; wd. Aug. 18, - '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - McGlone, Michael, 27, M.; stone cutter, Quincy; Aug. 4, '62; d. May - 12, '64, Belle Plain, Va. - - Mahan, Patrick, 37, M.; laborer, Boston; July 29, '63; recruit to - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to the Thirty-second - and M. O. - - Mahoney, James, 38, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 29, '62; wd. May 8, - '64; trans. Nov. 3, '64, to Eighty-second Co., Second Batt., V. R. C.; - M. O. June 28, '65. - - Marsden, Joseph, 35, S.; yeoman, Charlton; July 14, '62; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; d. Aug. 28, '64, Bristol, - Penn. - - Miller, Charles H., 19, M.; clerk, Quincy; Aug. 29, '62; dis. March - 12, '64, S. O. W. D. - - Miller, George L., 44, M.; stonecutter, Quincy; July 29, '62; dis. - disa., Feb. 4, '63. - - Moran, Patrick, 35, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 19, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; M. O. June 7, '65. - - Moriarty, John, 24, S.; farmer, Quincy; July 15, '62; M. O. June 3, - '65. - - Morrison, Sylvander H., 19, S.; ledgeman, Quincy; July 26, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Moynihan, John, 21, M.; laborer, Boston; July 22, '63; recruit to the - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Murray, George H., 24, M.; cabinet maker, Boston; Aug. 2, '62; recruit - to Thirteenth Infty.; re-en. Jan. 4, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. - May 28, '64; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Murray, Michael A., 27, M.; mason, Boston; July 9, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Nelson, John, 24, S.; porter, Worcester, July 25, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Newcomb, Harrison G. O., 32, M.; boot-trimmer, Quincy; July 31, '62; - dis. disa., Feb. 11, '63. - - Newcomb, Henry A. (Corp.), 39, M.; trader, Quincy; July 29, '62; d. - Dec. 23, '64, a prisoner in Salisbury, N. C. - - Newcomb, Isaac T., 44, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 30, '62; dis. - disa., Feb. 11, '63. - - Nightingale, Frederick, 22, S.; teamster, Quincy; Aug. 4, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 17, '62. - - Nightingale, Samuel (Corp.), 23, S.; clerk, Quincy; July 29, '62; dis. - disa., Aug. 19, '64. - - O'Brien, Timothy, 37, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 31, '62; wd. May 10, - '64; dis. June 15, '65. - - Parrott, Albert, 18, S.; boatman, Quincy; July 29, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Parrott, Luther H., 22, M.; seaman, Quincy; July 29, '62; trans. to - Navy April 22, '64; dis. June 12, '65. - - Peck, George E., 21, S.; farmer, Acton; July 18, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Percival, George P., 32, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 31, '62; wd. May - 10, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Perkins, Charles H., 20, M.; clerk, Quincy; July 31, '62; prom. 2d - Lieut. Sept. 8, '64; vide Co. B. - - Perry, Samuel N., 40, M.; carpenter, Quincy; Aug. 6, '62; d., a - prisoner, March 31, '64, Andersonville, Ga., grave 274. - - Pierce, Eli, 43, S.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 26, '62; Pris. Aug. 14, - '64; d. April 3, '65. - - Roach, Maurice, 29, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 29, '62; dis. at Tuton - General Hospital, Delaware, May 31, '65. - - Rodgers, Horace C., 19, S.; student, Quincy; Aug. 1, '62; ab. at M. O. - June 2, '65, detached duty. - - Russ, George W., 39, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 31, '62; wd. Aug. 18, - '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Russell, George A., 24, S.; seaman, Quincy; July 29, '62; trans. Sept. - 26, '63, to V. R. C.; as he re-en. Aug. 25, '64, in Co. E, Ninth V. R. - C., he must have been dis. at some date in his first enlistment. - - Sargent, George, 34, M.; farmer, Foxboro; July 11, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. May 15, '65. - - Savill, George W., 31, M.; stonecutter, Quincy; Aug. 7, '62; d. a - prisoner Dec. 4, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Shavlin, Hugh, 18, S.; ledgeman, Quincy; July 30, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64, to March 3, '65; M. O. June 30, '64. - - Sheehan, Jerry, 20, M.; teamster, Quincy; July 30, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Simonds or Simons, William (Corp.), 44, M.; stonecutter, Quincy; Aug. - 2, '62; wd. May 8, '64; trans. Co. E, Sixteenth Reg't, V. R. C.; M. O. - July 5, '65. - - Slattery, Edward, 29, M.; laborer, East Weymouth; July 17, '63; - recruit to Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. disa., Dec. - 24, '64. - - Sweet, John, 19, S.; painter, Shelburne; June 13, '64; recruit to - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; des. July 29, '64. - - Taylor, Marcus, 20, S.; farmer, Quincy; July 26, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Thayer, John J. H., 29, M.; engineer, Quincy; July 23, '62; dis. - disa., March 2, '65. - - Thomas, Erasmus, 34, S.; stonecutter, Quincy; Aug. 2, '62; prom. - Corp.; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. March 14, '65. - - Trask, George W. (Corp.), 21, M.; stonecutter, Quincy; July 29, '62; - wd. May 8, '64; M. O. June 8, '65. - - Walsh, Michael, 30, S.; laborer, Worcester; July 26, '65; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Ware, Henry A., 18, --; --, Quincy; Aug. 8, '62; N. F. R. - - Watts, George H., 24, S.; porter, Boston; June 26, '61; en. Twelfth - Infty.; re-en. Jan. 5, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Wellman, John H., 31, S.; shoemaker, Attleborough; July 14, '62; - recruit to Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Willett, George A., 19, S.; boatman, Quincy; Aug. 2, '62; dis. disa., - Jan. 31, '63. - - Williams, John (1st Sergt.), 24, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 15, '62; - dis. disa., Nov. 20, '64; had been in Co. E, Fourth M. V. M., 3 mos. - term, 1861. - - Williams, William, 21, S.; seaman, Boston; April 28, '63; recruit to - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Wood, Thomas, 32, M.; bootmaker, Quincy; July 30, '62; k. June 19, - '64, Petersburg. - - Young, William J., b. Sept. 8, 1837; 24, M.; seaman, Quincy; July 26, - '62; M. O. June 2, '65; seaman, Quincy. - -[Illustration: A Panel from the Old Soldiers' Monument, Somerville. The -first erected in Massachusetts.] - - - - -COMPANY E - -Somerville - - -CAPTAIN - - Frederick R. Kinsley, b. July 30, 1829, Croydon; 33, S.; brickmaker, - Somerville; Aug. 15, '62; Major June 13, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to - March, '65; Colonel June 7, '65; M. O. as Captain June 2, '65; was 2d - Lieut., Co. I, Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. term; vide F. & S. - - Charles W. Hanson, Sept. 8, '64; not mustered; dis. disa. as 1st - Lieut. April 22, 1865. - - Lieut. H. F. Felch commanded the Company on its return. - - -FIRST LIEUTENANTS - - Joseph J. Giles, b. March 24, 1842; 20, S.; painter, Somerville; - Aug. 15, '62; in 1863 for 11 mos. A. D. C. to Military Governor, - Washington; dis. disa., Aug. 23, '64; had been in Co. I, Fifth M. V. - M., 3 mos. term, 1861; 1913, real estate and insurance, Somerville. - - Henry F. Felch, from Co. F, Sept. 15, 1864; on resignation of Captain - Nelson, Co. A, Lieut. Felch was trans. as Acting Captain; 1913, Natick. - - -SECOND LIEUTENANTS - - Willard C. Kinsley, 29, S.; brickmaker, Somerville; Aug. 9, '62; 1st - Lieut. Nov. 13, '62; vide Co. H. - - T. Cordis Clarke, from Sergeant Major, Nov. 13, '62; trans. to Co. B, - Nov. 12, '63. - - Charles W. Hanson, trans. from Co. H Nov., '63; prom. 1st Lieut. Co. C. - - Isaac F. R. Hosea, from Co. C, Dec., '63; prom. 1st Lieut. Jan. 15, - '65; not mustered; M. O. June 2, '65. - - -ENLISTED MEN - - Abbott, Jesse B., 25, M.; carpenter, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; M. O. - May 16, '65; d. Cambridge, Feb. 18, 73. - - Allen, James M., 18, S.; brickmaker, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; d. Nov. 23, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Amsden, Julius A., 27, S.; bootmaker, Ware; cr. to Brookfield; July - 13, '63; recruit to Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. June - 25, '65. - - Arnold, William J., 18, S.; teamster, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; wd. - May 8, '64, Laurel Hill; M. O. May 20, '65; d. Ashland, 1905. - - Baker, William A. (Corp.), 25, M.; hospital attendant, Somerville; - Aug. 12, '62; dis. disa., Oct. 26, '63; d. Cambridge March 25, 1897. - - Bartlett, William H., 21, M.; calker, Beverly; July 10, '63; recruit - to Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. Nov. - 18, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Bean, George W. (Corp.), 23, M.; artist, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - Pris. Oct. 11, '63, for 17 mos.; M. O. May 12, '65; Somerville police - force; 1912, Cambridge. - - Belding, Charles H., 22, S.; provisions, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - trans. March 31, '64, V. R. C.; dis. Oct. 3, '64; provision dealer; - 1913, Malden. - - Benz, August, 21, S.; sausage-maker, Somerville; Aug. 15, '62; d. Oct. - 5, '64, on transport Utica, James River. - - Bledden, Thomas G., 38, S.; So. Reading, cr. to Chelmsford; Aug. 13, - '64; trans. to 32 and M. O. - - Bodge, George A., 18, S.; teamster, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; prom. - Corp., Sergt. and 1st Sergt.; prom. 2d Lieut. April 3, '65; M. O. June - 2, '65, as 1st Sergt.; never ill nor had a furlough; Somerville police - force; d. Nov. 4, 1899. - - Bodge, George W., 44, S.; carpenter, Chelsea, cr. Weymouth; Jan. 7, - '65; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. Bolton, John T., 20, S.; - clerk, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; on det. Serv. Ordnance Dept.; M. O. - June 2, '65; d. Mexico, April 23, 1885. - - Boynton, William F., 30, M.; painter, Somerville; March 29, '64; dis. - disa., Co. D, Jan. 12, '65; had been in Co. D, Fifth M. V. M., 9 mos. - term, 1862-3; d. Aug. 29, 1892, Somerville. - - Bradley, George C., 23, S.; sailor, Boston; July 27, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Brotchie, James, 18, S.; painter, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65; many years Somerville employee; 1912, Cambridge. - - Brown, James, 20, S.; b. April 19, 1829; laborer, Boston; July 23, - '63; recruit to Co. D, Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Bucknam, Davis P. (Corp.), 25, M.; mason, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - dis. disa., June 18, '63; d. July 10, 1910, Somerville. - - Byrnes, John, 31, M.; teamster, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; trans. Feb. - 15, '64, V. R. C.; dis. July 3, '65; Boston elevated; 1913, Somerville. - - Canfield, John B., 35, M.; carpenter, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64, to March 3, '65; M. O. June 14, '65; d. Nov. 12, 1897. - - Carr, William M., 22, M.; ropemaker, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 9, '62; had been in Co. I, Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, - 1861; d. Chelsea, 1893. - - Carter, Charles L., 20, S.; driver, Boston; June 26, '61, in Twelfth - Infty.; for some reason, not given, was trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; d. Feb. 9, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Champney, Lewis C., 23, M.; moulder, Adams; July 14, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. Clark, Gustavus A., b. April 16, 1830; 25, S.; hospital attendant, - Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; Corp. May 23, '63; M. O. June 1, '65; - eighteen years Boston P. O.; 1913, Somerville. - - Clemmens, James, 20, S.; Fall River, cr. Falmouth; seaman, July 28, - '63; recruit to Thirteenth Infty., Co. D; trans. to Thirty-ninth, - thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Cole, Chandler G., 44, M.; sawyer, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; wd. Aug. - 18, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. - - Coles, Ambrose W., 28, M.; painter, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; lost - left arm Feb. 7, '65, Hatcher's Run, Va.; dis. May 16, '65; d. 1882, - Somerville. - - Collett, Herbert, 26, M.; painter, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; dis. - disa., Feb. 8, '63; d. Philadelphia since 1899. - - Conner, Thomas, 36, M.; bootmaker, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; dis., - disa. March 12, '63; d. - - Creedon, John, 18, S.; seaman, Philadelphia; en. April 20, '64, Co. F, - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; "Supposed to have joined the - Rebels," says the State House Record, but whether from the Twelfth or - Thirty-ninth, not stated. - - Crosby, Elkanah (Corp.), 24, S.; trunkmaker, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - prom. Sergt. March 1, '65; M. O. June 2, '65; had been in Co. I, Fifth - M. V. M., 3 mos. term; 1912, Somerville. - - Crowley, Daniel (Mus.), 21, S.; machinist, Somerville; Aug. 20, '62; - M. O. June 2, '65; 1912, Somerville. - - Cutter, George, 27, M.; teamster, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; des. June - 3, '63; later seen in N. Y. Cav. Reg't. - - Dailey, Ebenezer W., 40, M.; carpenter, Marlborough; Jan. 2, '64; - recruit to Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to V. R. - C. March 15, '65; dis. disa., June 13, '65, from Co. G, Sixteenth V. - R. C. - - Davis, Amos F., 19, S.; trader, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; det. Serv. - Ambulance Corps; M. O. June 2, '65; 1913, Dorchester. Dodge, Albert - H., 29, M.; carpenter, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; des. Sept. 18, '64; - from Nova Scotia; d. - - Dodge, William H., carpenter, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; M. O. May 18, - '65; brother of Albert; d. 1896. - - Dusseault, John H. (1st Sergt.), 22, S.; carver, Somerville; Aug. 12, - '62; prom. 2d Lieut. Oct. 20, '63; vide Co. H. - - Dyer, Jonathan C., 24, S.; --, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; trans. to - Navy April 22, '64; dis. from Naval Hospital, Norfolk, Va., Aug. 20, - '64; d. 1903, Somerville. - - Edlefson, Charles E., 19, S.; grocer, Somerville; Aug. 12, '64; dis., - disa. Feb. 26, '63; d. Dec. 24, 1891, Somerville. - - Emerson, Samuel, 36, M.; teamster, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; M. O. - June 5, '65; police force, Boston; d. - - Fairchild, Willard C., b. Sept. 23, 1832; 28, M.; teamster, - Somerville, Aug. 12, '62; wd. slightly May 8, 10, and 12, '64; in - right arm, Aug. 18, '64, Weldon R. R.; trans. Co. H, Third Reg't., V. - R. C.; 1913, Fitchburg. - - Farrar, George A. (Wagoner), 38, M.; teamster, Somerville; Aug. 14, - '62; wd. June 18, '64; dis. disa., July 29, '65; Worcester; d. June - 27, 1901, Somerville. - - Fay, Walter, 34, --; --, Somerville; Aug. 15, '62; trans. Aug. 1, '63; - V. R. C.; dis. disa., Jan. 9,'64; d. Sept. 25, 1904, Somerville. - - Felker, Samuel O., 35, S.; cabinet-maker, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; k. - as Corp. May 10, '64, Spottsylvania. - - Fellows, Charles C, 34, S.; blacksmith, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; det. - Serv.; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Sept. 11, 1897. - - Fitcham, Charles E. (Corp.), 20, S.; clerk, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - trans. Sept. 23, '64, Seventy-fifth Co., 2d Batt. V. R. C.; dis. Aug. - 10, '65, Hartford, Conn.; d. - - Flinsky, Leon, 27, S.; watchmaker, Raynham; Aug. 5, '63; recruit - to Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; ab. sick in Hosp., - "supposed to have deserted," but his name is carried to the - Thirty-second. - - Flood, Thomas, 33, M.; laborer, Easton; Oct. 16, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; though his name is brought to the Thirty-ninth, he - had des. May 31, '65; a name, but no man. - - Fuller, John E., 18, S.; gardener, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; wd. June - 18, '64; dis. disa., Feb. 12, '65; police force, Somerville; 1912, - retired. - - Gilcrease, Elijah H., 30, M.; carpenter, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - dis. disa., April 22, '63; d. Feb. 18, 1888, Somerville. - - Glines, Frederick A., 18, S.; mail clerk, Somerville; Aug. 12, - '62; prom. Corp. July 1, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. Jan. 6, '65, - Salisbury, N. C. - - Goodhue, Levi K., 28, M.; carpenter, Beverly; recruit to Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Gorham, David, 26, M.; hospital attendant, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - prom. Corp.; d. a prisoner Dec. 11, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Graham, William F. C., 24, M.; cabinet-maker, Somerville; Aug. 12, - '62; ab. sick after May 19, '63, supposed to have deserted; from Nova - Scotia. - - Grant, Edward L., 29, M.; teamster, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; det. - Serv. Ordnance Dept.; M. O. June 2, '63; d. Feb. 5, 1911, Somerville. - - Gray, Dexter, 24, S.; hospital attendant, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - prom. Corp.; wd. Aug. 18, '64; dis. disa., May 17, '65, from General - Hospital, Whitehall, Va.; d. - - Hadley, Eugene B., 34, M.; engineer, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; k. Feb. - 6, '65, Hatcher's Run. - - Hafford, John, 18, S.; butcher, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; dis. disa., - June 20, '63; d. Nov. 15, 1905. - - Hagan, Patrick, 43, M.; trader, Somerville; Aug. 13, '62; dis. disa., - April 13, '63; claimed to have served in Crimean War; d. - - Hale, Edward M., b. March 31, 1841; (Sergt.) 21, S.; clerk, - Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; absent on detached service at office - of Adjutant General, Washington; M. O. June 2, '65, as absent; - bookkeeper and accountant; 1913, Passaic, N. J. - - Hanley, John H., 30, M.; trader, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; dis. disa., - Aug. 12, '63; d. Somerville. - - Harburn, William M., 18, S.; --, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; k. Aug. 18, - '64, Weldon R. R. - - Harlow, George R., 24, S.; hospital attendant, Somerville; Aug. 12, - '62; wd. May 10, '64, also Aug. 19, '64; dis. disa., March 17, '65; - lat. add. Chattanooga, Tenn. - - Haskell, William J., 20, S.; farmer, Otis; July 13, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Hatch, George H., 18, S.; baker, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; d. Feb. 1, - '65, a prisoner, Salisbury, N. C. - - Hill, George A., b. March 6, 1842; 20, S.; carpenter, Somerville; Aug. - 12, '62; dis. disa., April 29, '63; drug business, later real estate - and fire insurance; 1913, Springfield. - - Horgan, Patrick D., 19, S.; hostler, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64, to May 20, '65; M. O. June 2, '65; d. - - Horton, John E., 32, M.; milkman, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; prom. - Corp.; July 1, '64; d. Dec. 10, '64, a prisoner, Andersonville, Ga. - His diary freely drawn upon in this history. - - Howard, William L., 28, S.; shoemaker, Lynn; July 13, '63; recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; dis. as - Corp. May 26, '65. - - Howe, Henry E., 19, S.; milkman, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; d. Nov. 22, - '63, a prisoner, Richmond, Va. - - Hutter, John, 34, S.; shoemaker, Abington; June 26, '61; in Twelfth - Infty.; re-en. Jan 5, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Hyde, Richard J. (Sergt.), 20, S.; brass tubemaker, Somerville; Aug. - 12, '62; d. Aug. 13, '64, a prisoner, Andersonville, Ga.; had been in - Co. I, Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, 1861. - - Hyde, Thomas L., 23, S.; butcher, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; wd. May 8, - '64; dis. disa., March 9, '65; last heard from in N. Y. city in 1905. - - Jones, Charles G., 29, M.; carriage-smith, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - d. a prisoner Nov. 23, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Johnson, Mortimer, 19, S.; farmer, Sudbury; July 16, '61; in - Thirteenth Infty. and re-en. Feb. 19, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth; - dis. Jan. 5, '65, O. W. D. - - Jordan, John F., 18, S.; farmer, Boston; Oct. 16, '63, recruit to - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Kelly, Thomas P., b. Sept. 11, 1842, So. Boston, 18, S.; glass cutter, - Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; dis. disa., Oct. 27, '63; glass cutter; Jun. - and Sen. Vice Com'der, G. A. R. Post; 1913, Medford. - - Kendrick, David, 43, M.; watchmaker, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; d. Annapolis, Md., March 15, '65. - - Kennedy, John, 28, M.; Aug. 12, '62; blacksmith, Somerville; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64, escaped, recaptured, finally came back; M. O. as Sergt., - June 2, '65; d. S. H. Chelsea, Jul. 24, 1898. - - Kenneston, E. F., 19, S.; baker, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; dis. disa., - April 21, '63.; d. soon after the war. - - Kinmings, Francis M., 19, S.; shoemaker, Bolton; July 16, '61; in - Thirteenth Infty.; re-en. Feb. 19, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth and - dis. as Corp., no date. - - Ladd, Edward, 22, --; --, Boston; July 22, '61, in Twelfth Infty.; - re-en. Feb. 20, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; - drowned in the Potomac River April 23, '65, though his name was - carried over to the Thirty-second. - - Levins, Morris, 26, M.; cook, Boston; en. Jan. 6, '62, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth and was M. O. Jan. 5, '65, ex. of s. - - Locke, John F., b. March 27, 1844; 18, S.; clerk, Somerville; Aug. 12, - '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. May 26, '65; studied in Meadville, - Penn.; Harvard Divinity School, 1870; Unitarian clergyman, 25 years, - in Stowe; Boston's Y. M. C. U.; Castine, Me.; and Wolfboro, N. H.; - since Dec. 10, 1894, Shelf Dep't, Boston Public Library; Locke was - detained in Richmond till after the Rebel Evacuation and was the first - to hang out a Union flag; 1913, Dorchester. - - Lovett, Washington, 23, S.; currier, Somerville; d. July 14, '64, - Annapolis, Md.; had been prisoner. - - McCarthy, John, 24, M.; laborer, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; trans. - to Co. F, Fourteenth V. R. C.; dis. May 15, '65; d. Nov. 2, 1907, - Somerville. - - McDonald, George F., 18, M.; Seaman, Framingham; June 28, '63; recruit - to Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second - and M. O. - - McGurdy, Alexander, 38, M.; glass worker, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - trans. Sept. 12, '62, to Co. F, Fourteenth V. R. C.; dis. July 15, - '65; d. - - McJunkin, Samuel, 21, S. (Mus.); hostler, Somerville; Aug. 14, '62; M. - O. June 2, '65; d. May 9, 1887, Somerville. - - McNall, George, 28, M.; glass worker, Somerville; Aug. 2, '62; M. O. - June 12, '65; d. - - McQuade, John, 42, M.; laborer, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; dis. disa., - Jan. 23, '63; d. - - Merrett, James H. (Mus.), 29, --; --, Somerville; Aug. 20, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 6, '62. - - Merritt, John S., 37, M.; laborer, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; det. - Serv. Construction Corps; M. O. June 2, '65; d. - - Mills, Edwin (Sergt.), 21, S.; plumber, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - prom. Sergt. Major, Sept. '63. - - Moran, James, 18, S.; glass worker, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; prom. - Corp.; d. Aug. 7, '65. - - Murray, Thomas, 22, S.; blacksmith, Worcester; July 28, '63; recruit - to Thirteenth Infty.; trans. as deserter to Thirty-ninth and as such - carried to the Thirty-second. - - Myers, George, 21, S.; carpenter, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; wd. May - 23, '64, North Anna River, Va.; dis. as Sergt., March 2, '65, disa.; - d. Dec. 30, 1896, Florida. - - Newell, James H. (Mus.), 29, M.; machinist, Somerville; Aug. 20, '62; - dis. disa., Dec. 13, '62; had been in Co. F, Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. - term, 1861; d. Jan. 4, 1893, Jamaica Plain. - - Northey, George A., 29, S.; baker, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; wd. and - taken pris., May 8, '64; dis. disa., March 6, '65; d. Sept. 4, 1902, - Malden. - - O'Brien, Daniel, 19, S.; shoemaker, Boston; June 26, '61, in Twelfth - Infty. and, for some unstated reason, trans. to the Thirty-ninth; at - the time was in Haddington Hosp., Philadelphia; N. F. R. - - O'Brien, Thomas; no data except "Sept. 20, '64," as enlistment, and - trans. to Thirty-second. - - Odiorne, William, 26, M.; laborer, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; wd. May - 13, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. - - Oliver, Francis J., 18, S.; trader, Somerville; Aug. 14, '62; Pris. - Oct. 11, '63; d. Oct. 10, '64, Andersonville, Ga.; grave, 1059. - - Oliver, Judson W. (Sergt.), 30, M.; currier, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - M. O. June 2, '65; had been in Co. I, Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, - 1861; 36 years in the Police Dep't of Somerville; d. April 7, 1908. - - O'Neil, Henry, 40, M.; glass worker, Somerville; Aug. 14, '62; dis. - disa., May 15, '63; d. - - O'Sullivan, John, 43, M.; laborer, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; wd. June - 18, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Nov. 19, 1875, Cambridge. - - Otta, Antone, 37, M.; civil engineer, Beverly; July 29, '63; d. of - wds., July 18, '64, Alexandria, Va. - - Paine, Jeremiah T., 28, S.; carpenter, Somerville; Aug. 15, '62; d. - Oct. 13, '63, Washington, D. C. - - Palmer, William D., 31, M.; plumber, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; k. as - Sergt. May 8, '64, Spottsylvania. Parkhurst, Melville C. (Corp), 20, - S.; grocer, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; prom. from Sergt. to 2d Lieut. - Sept. 8, '64; vid. Co. B. - - Perry, Gideon W., b. Jan. 6, 1840; 22, S.; hosp. attendant, - Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; in Aug., '64, detailed as pioneer; M. O. - June 2, '65; farmer; 1913, West Fairlee, Vt. - - Phillips, Albert W., 43, M.; teamster, No. Bridgewater; Jan. 4, '64, - in Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; d. a prisoner, Nov. 26, - '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Pinkham, Horace W., 25, S.; carpenter, Somerville; Aug. 14, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 9, '62; d. - - Powers, Martin, O., 21, M.; farmer, Medford; July 14, '63; in - Twelfth Infty.; ab. on detached duty, he was carried as such to the - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Powers, Robert, 40, M.; laborer, Somerville,; Aug. 12, '62; k. May 10, - '64, Spottsylvania, Va. - - Randall, George W., 25, S.; Machinist, Charleston; July 16, '63; in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Richards, Henry, 32, S.; bookkeeper, Amesbury; July 29, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Richardson, Henry C., 18, S.; mechanic, Boston; July 8, '61; in - Twelfth Infty.; re-en. Feb. 16, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Riley, John, 2d, 20, M.; baker, Falmouth; July 28, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Roberts, John S., 23, S.; bookkeeper, Somerville; Aug. 13, '62; State - House rolls say, "Missing since Aug. 19, '64"; Lieut. Dusseault says - he was k. while carrying the Brigade Colors on that disastrous day. - - Rollins, Samuel P., 18, S.; baker, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; d. Nov. - 22, '62, Offutt's Crossroads, Md. Shaw, Henry, 20, S.; paper hanger, - Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; det. Serv. Hosp.; M. O. June 2, '65; 1912, - Somerville. - - Shaw, John B., 23, S.; paper hanger, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; 1912, Somerville. - - Shaw, Thomas P., 28, M.; yeoman, Warren; July 1, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Skehan, John, 23, S.; laborer, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; dis. disa., - Feb. 8, '65. - - Smith, Albert H., 21, S.; farmer, Florida; Aug. 22, '64; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Smith, Addison, 39, M.; cordwainer, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; trans. - July 1, '63, to V. R. C.; dis. disa., March 17, '64, David's Island, - N. Y. Harbor; d. June 25, 1895. - - Smith, Sidney N., 27, M.; mechanic, Winchendon; July 20, '63; in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. May 22, '65. - - Smith, William M., 22, S.; farmer, Florida; July 14, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Stevens, Leslie, b. Aug. 9, 1846, Walpole; (Corp.) 18, S.; moulder, - Somerville; Aug. 14, '62; dis. disa., Jan. 25, '63; iron moulder, - sewing machine agent, teacher of boxing and breeder of St. Bernard - dogs; Q. M., Post 94, G. A. R.; 1913, Canton. - - Stickney, Herman C., 21, S.; farmer, Somerville; Aug. 13, '62; special - duty; dis. disa., April 22, '63; 1912, Somerville. - - Thomas, William H., 32, M.; gentleman, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; prom. - Sergt.; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Thompson, Frank W., 18, S.; farmer, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; d. Jan. 10, '65, Florence, S. C. - - Ulrich, Lewis, 30, S.; laborer, Chatham; July 27, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Van Cleff, John S., 35, S.; sailor, Boston; July 25, '63; in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; d. a prisoner Feb. 1, '65, Salisbury, - N. C. - - Van de Sands, George (Corp.), 18, S.; clerk, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - prom. Sergt.; dis. Aug. 23, '63, O. W. D. for commission, Tenth U. S. - C. T.; d. - - Webster, Henry K., 28, M.; clerk, Lawrence; July 16, '62, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. May 15, '65. - - Wentworth, Alonzo P., 33, M.; laborer, Charleston; July 9, '63; in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. May 18, '65. - - Whitmore, Joseph W., 28, M.; carpenter, Somerville; Aug. 12, '62; - Pris. Oct. 10, '63; supposed to have died in Rebel Prison. - - Wilcutt, William C., 30, S.; laborer, Somerville; Aug. 13, '62; des. - Sept. 9, '62; had been in Co. F, Fifth M. V. M. 3 mos. term, 1861; - later in Co. K, Fifty-ninth Infty. from which he deserted; Willcut - seemed a fitting name. - - Williams, John, 32, --; seaman, Boston; July 29, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth and was dis. disa., Aug. 7, '64. - - Wilton, George T., 28, S.; boatman, Conway; Aug. 1, '63; in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth and was wd. May 5, '64, Wilderness; - dis. disa., Aug. 18, '64. - - Woodward, Elbridge G., 23, M.; farmer, Colrain; Aug. 1, '63; trans. to - V. R. C., March 21, '65; des. from 22d Co. Second Batt. V. R. C., June - 28, '65. - - Wright, Robert, 23, --; boiler maker, Ashfield; July 26, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - - - -COMPANY F - -Taunton - - -CAPTAIN - - Joseph J. Cooper, 34, M.; nailer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; wd. Feb. 7, - '65, Hatcher's Run, Va.; bvt. Major, April 1, '65; M. O. June 2, - '65; b. May 8, 1828, Preston, England; came to America, when three - years old; as a boy, worked in Taunton Cotton mill; as a young man, - worked at tack making; in Pittsburg, Penn., from 1854 to beginning - of the Civil War; after the war, engaged in the nail business in - Bridgewater and continued the same for years; later he followed the - same business in Taunton, retiring several years ago; from boyhood, - he was interested in the Fire Department, being an active member of - the Taunton force for many years, and then Ass't Engineer; was a - lifelong member of the Baptist Church; a life member of the Old Colony - Historical Society, his interest continued to the end; Lieut. James E. - Seaver, secretary of the Society pays the Major this tribute, "Always - an honest man! A man with the strongest convictions which he held to - the last, if he believed them to be right; a good friend, an excellent - neighbor, a good citizen and a brave soldier"; he died August 22, 1912. - - -FIRST LIEUTENANT - - Isaac D. Paul, 38, S.; dresser, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; k. May 8, '64, - Spottsylvania; a member of the Masonic Order, Confederate Masons - carried his body to the rear and buried it with Masonic Rites; had - been a corporal in Co. G, Fourth M. V. M., 3 mos. service; before the - war, had been Supt. in the Whittaker Cotton Manufacturing Co. For a - time, Post 55 of Taunton bore his name. - - -SECOND LIEUTENANT - - John D. Reed, 35, S.; grocer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; prom. 1st Lieut. - Sept. 20, '63; vide Co. I. - - Joseph A. Merrifield, from Sergt. Major, Sept. 20, '63; trans. to Co. - D, Oct. '63. - - Henry F. Felch from Co. I, Oct. 25, '63; wd. Aug. 18, '64; prom. 1st - Lieut. Sept. 15, '64, Co. E. - - -ENLISTED MEN - - Adams, George F., 24, M.; nailer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Alexander, William, 21, S.; laborer, Boston; July 27, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Anthony, Sylvanus, 28, M.; farmer, Uxbridge; July 5, '63; in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Austin, Charles B., 33, M.; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. May 10, '64, to May - 10, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Babbitt, Charles E., 20, M.; tailor, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; k. May 8, - '64, Alsop's Farm. - - Babbitt, Frank S., b. Dec. 22, 1843; 18, S.; tailor, Taunton; Aug. - 25, '62; trans. to U. S. Signal Corps, Sept. 1, '63; served in Army - of the Potomac; 1865 to 1889, manufacturing machinery; 1882-'83, - Representative in General Court; 1887, Alderman, Taunton; 1888-'93 - inclusive, Bristol Co. Commissioner; 1891-'93 inclusive, Mayor of - Taunton; 1894-'97, Administrator of Estates; 1897-1900 inclusive, - Chief of Police; 1901 to date, Probation Officer, Massachusetts - Superior Court; 1913, Taunton. - - Babbitt, George H., Jr., b. Sept. 7, 1841; (Sergt.) 20, S.; - auctioneer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; M. O. June 2, '65; auctioneer and - commission merchant; 1871-'72, Rep. General Court; later was Coroner, - Deputy Sheriff, Justice of the Peace, Constable, Ass't U. S. Marshal, - Enumerator, etc.; d. Dec. 9, 1877. - - Barker, Orville A., b. June 17, 1840, 22, S.; apothecary, Taunton; - Aug. 22, '62; prom. Corp.; prom. Hosp. Steward, Oct. 13, '62; vide F. - & S. - - Barnes, Charles A., 27, S.; bookkeeper, Taunton; Dec. 28, '63; d. July - 15, '64, Taunton. - - Barnes, William L., 35, M.; painter, Roxbury; July 15, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. disa., April 22, '65. - - Barnum, George D., 29, S.; bootmaker, Boston, cr. to Holliston; - July 14, '63, in Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Barrows, George L., 18, S.; shoemaker, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; trans. - Co. F, Twenty-fourth V. R. C., March 13, '65; dis. June 28, '65. - - Betagh, James, 35, M.; laborer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Corp., Jan. 1, - '64; wd. May 10, '65; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to May 16, '65; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Boardman, Alfred, 24, S.; shoemaker, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; trans. to - U. S. Navy, April 19, '64; dis. July 31, '65. - - Borden, Clark P., 20, S.; harness maker, Fall River; Aug. 22, '62; wd. - May 8, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Braddock, William, 26, M.; knife cutter, Chatham; Oct. 1, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; M. O. May 15, '65. - - Brewster, Charles W. (Corp.), 19, S.; clerk, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; - dis. March 31, '65. - - Briggs, Preserved, 26, M.; wheelwright, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Brizzee, Lorenzo, 29, M.; farmer, Deerfield; July 16, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O.; - name also found, Brizzer and Brizzie. - - Brooks, Freelove, 29, M.; armorer, Springfield; July 11, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Brunn, John, 25, S.; shoemaker, Roxbury; Sept. 23, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence as prisoner of war to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Burt, Henry A., 25, S.; machinist, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 16, - '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Carney, John, 22, S.; shovel maker, Acton; July 23, '63; in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Cochran, Matthew, 28, M.; sailor, Marblehead; July 10, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd., time and place not given; dis. - disa., June 7, '65. - - Cole, Charles H., 19, S.; hostler, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Conway, Patrick, 28, S.; farmer, New York, cr. to Truro; Oct. 5, '63, - in Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; dis. - June 13, '65. - - Cotter, Edward A., 22, S.; shoemaker, Dorchester; June 26, '61, in - Twelfth Infty.; re-en. Jan. 5, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. - disa., April 3, '65. - - Crooker, Lucius (Sergt.), 23, S.; clerk, Bridgewater; Aug. 22, '62; - dis. Dec. 22, '63, for commission, U. S. C. T.; vide Seventy-seventh - Infty. and Tenth H. Arty.; reporting in New Orleans he was - commissioned 1st Lieut. and ordered to Ft. St. Philip and made Post - Adjutant; later became Provost Marshal in N. O., remaining there till - Reg't was M. O. Later still was secretary of U. S. Consul at Panama; - he died several years ago. - - Cummings, John A., 25, --; --, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; des. Aug. 29, - '62. - - Daniels, George M., 32, M.; mason, Adams; July 14, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd., no time or place stated; trans. - to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Day, John, 32, S.; fisherman, Gloucester; July 22, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. from wds. Oct. - 28, '64. - - Dean, Anson J., 18, S.; machinist, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Corp., March - 1, '65; wd. June 18, '64, and March 31, '65; M. O. May 25, '65. - - Dean, Erastus L., 18, S.; machinist, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; k. May 8, - '64, Spottsylvania. - - Dean, William E., 24, S.; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to March - 2, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Delphin, Joseph, Jr., 19, S.; carpenter, Taunton; Aug. 22, '63; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Doherty, William (Sergt.), 33, M.; laborer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; - Pris., Aug. 19, '64, to May 16, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Dunbar, Robert, 28, S.; plasterer, Boston; July 27, '63; in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. Aug. 19, '64; des. March 2, '65. - - Elms, Cyrus O., 35, M.; carpenter, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; wd., Aug. - 19, '64; trans. Feb. 25, '65, to Co. A, Tenth V. R. C.; dis. May 26, - '65. - - Ensminger, John, 22, S.; farmer, Stockbridge; July 15, '63; in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. May 31, '65. - - Findell, Adolphus, 44, --; --, Taunton; Aug. 3, '63; though given on - the State House rolls as trans. from the Thirteenth Infty., his name - does not appear in that regiment, nor in the Twelfth; dis. disa., - Sept. 26, '64. - - Gay, Abraham S., 34, M.; shoemaker, Natick; March 17, '62, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. March 17, '65, ex. of - s. - - Gay, George W., 19, S.; stitcher, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Grover, Hartson C., 27, S.; blacksmith, Canaan, Me., cr. Methuen; July - 13, '63, in Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth thence to Co. A, - Ninth V. R. C.; dis. July 22, '65. - - Gushee, Sacuel M., 17, --; --, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; N. F. R. - - Hall, Benjamin J., 18, S.; printer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; prom. Corp. - July 1, '64; Pris.; d. Dec. 6, '64, Salisbury. - - Hall, Daniel, b. Nov. 27, 1839; 23, --; --, Boxford; Nov. 21, '62, - in Washington, D. C.; trans. Aug. 1, '63, U. S. Signal Corps; served - in Dep't, N. C., Dept. of Shenandoah, Georgetown, D. C.; dis. as - Sergt. July 5, '65; says he was in the Navy, '61 and '62; through the - treachery of a Lieutenant, he and twelve others were prisoners of war - ten months; rolls say M. O. in absence, June 2, '65; salesman; 1913, - S. H. Togus, Me. - - Hall, Eben A., 22, M.; printer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Corp. Sept. - 1, '63; Sergt. Feb. 1, '65; Pris. Feb. 7, '65, to April 30, '65; M. - O. June 2, '65; Rep. in General Court; Executive Council with Gov. - Butler; publisher of Greenfield Gazette; d. New Orleans, March 17, - 1900, while on Press Excursion to that vicinity. - - Hall, George W., 18, S.; seaman, Boston; Aug. 23, '62, in Thirteenth - Infty.; re-en. Jan. 4, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Hall, Rufus W., b. July 30, 1836; 34, S.; machinist, Taunton; Aug. - 22, '62; Pris. May 8, '64; recaptured by Sheridan, May 9; dis. disa., - April 28, '65; machinist; 52 years in Mason Machine Works, including - army service and nineteen months disa. at close; 1913 (retired), - Taunton. - - Haniford, William, 20, S.; farmer, Chelmsford; July 11, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Harris, Alfred B., 21, S.; clerk, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; trans. Jan. - 12, '64, U. S. Signal Corps; served in Depts. of Ohio, Va., and N. C.; - taken pris. Feb. 18, '65, near Fort Anderson, N. C.; d. April 7, '65, - Taunton. - - Harvey, William F., 22, M.; moulder, Taunton, Aug. 22, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 2, '64. - - Hathaway, James A., 18, S.; nailer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Pris., Aug. - 19, '64; d. Jan. 10, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Hewett, John G., 29, M.; dresser tender, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 12, '63. - - Holloway, Isaac N., 27, M.; shoemaker, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May - 10, '64, and Aug. 18, '64; dis. May 12, '65. - - Horton, Horace B. (Corp.), 36, M.; mason, Taunton; Aug. 8, '62; prom. - Sergt. Nov. 1, '65; wd. and prisoner, Aug. 19, '64; paroled, N. F. R. - - Howland, Benjamin L., 21, S.; cooper, Taunton; Oct. 16, '63; in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Jewett, Jesse G., b. Oct. 9, 1840, 21, S.; clerk, Bridgewater; Aug. - 22, '62; Corp. March 2, '63; dis. Jan. 2, '64, for Commission, U. S. - C. T.; vide Seventy-seventh Infty. and Tenth H. Arty.; with Sergt. - Crocker he reported to General Wm. Dwight, New Orleans; commissioned - 1st Lieut.; sent to Fort St. Philip, serving as boarding officer, - i.e., looking after contraband goods in passing vessels; later, served - on staffs of Generals Hamlin, Banks, Hurlbert, Canby, Sheridan and - J. W. Sherman; resigned June 7, 1866; clothing business and farming - till 1871; since then with Old Colony, or N. Y., N. H. and H. R. R. to - date, in Paymaster's or Treasurer's Dept.; 1913, Dorchester. - - Jones, William H., 23, S.; harness maker, Chatham; July 27, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. - to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Kane, David S., 20, S.; farmer, Bridgewater; Aug. 27, '62; wd. May 10, - '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. July 24, '65. - - Kellar, Balthaser, 24, M.; clothier, Littleton; Nov. 5, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Kelly, William, 21, S.; mule-dresser, Taunton; Aug. 29, '62; dis. - disa., March 4, '63. - - Kelly, William B., 23, S.; painter, Taunton; wd. Aug. 18, '64; d. Aug. - 30, '64, Philadelphia. - - King, Edward, b. June 6, 1843, 19, S.; clerk, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; - on detached duty, the most of his service; M. O. June 2, '65; in - National Banks and manufacturing companies, in Taunton or Newcastle, - Penn.; 1913, New Castle. - - Knapp, George L. (Corp.), 36, M.; carpenter, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; - dis. disa., June 3, '64. - - Knapp, Lorenzo S., 29, M.; farmer, Richmond; July 15, '62; in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Laahy, Jeremiah, 42, M.; laborer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 8, - '64; dis. disa., Dec. 3, '64. - - Lane, Henry A., 27, S.; coppersmith, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Corp. - March 2, '63; Sergt. Jan. 1, '64; wd. June 19, '64; M. O. June 8,'65. - - Lawler, James A., 20, S.; farmer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 10, - '64; Pris., Aug. 19, '64, to March 2, '65; M. O. June 13, '65. - - Leonard, Henry F., 34, M.; tinner, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Leonard, William E., 24, M.; moulder, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Lincoln, Daniel, 35, M.; carpenter, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; d. May 10, - '64, Laurel Hill, Va., from wds. rec'd on the Eighth, Alsop's Farm. - - McClearance, Archibald, 43, M.; weaver, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; dis. - disa., June 18, '63. - - McFarland, Samuel G., 18, M.; clerk, Winchester; July 21, '62; in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Makepeace, Norman G., 23, M.; shoemaker, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; wd. - May 5, '64; M. O. June 20, '65. - - Mason, William W., 35, M.; wheelwright, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Corp. - Oct. 29, '62; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Mitchell, Edward, Jr., 19, S.; clerk, Bridgewater; Aug. 22, '62; dis. - disa., Oct. 13, '63. - - Mitchell, Nathan, 21, M.; clerk, Bridgewater; Aug. 22, '62; d. Sept. - 27, '62, Edwards Ferry, Md. - - Monroe, Charles E., 21, S.; apothecary, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; dis. - for prom. hospital steward, U. S. A., Feb. 17, '63; March 14, '64, - prom. 1st Lieut. and assistant surgeon, One Hundred and Seventy-fourth - Ohio Vols.; M. O. June 28, '65. - - Naylor, Abraham C., 23, M.; machinist, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Nelson, William, 44, M.; dresser, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. May 8, - '64, recaptured by Sheridan May 9; wd. Aug. 18, '64; dis. disa., April - 18, '65. - - Nichols, William L., 21, S.; blacksmith, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Corp. - Dec. 1, '64; wd. Feb. 7, '65; M. O. May 27, '65. - - Packer, States, 30, M.; laborer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; d. a prisoner - Jan. 4, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Paull, Dyer S., 34, M.; teamster, Taunton; Aug. 22, '65; dis. disa., - Nov. 18, '64. - - Paull, Thomas W., 21, S.; nailer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64, to March 13, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Pearson, Charles E., 28, --; --, Taunton; Corp. Nov. 1, '63; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Phillips, Dexter M., 24, M.; farmer, Pittsfield; July 4, '62, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Pierce, Charles A., 25, S.; carpenter, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Corp. - Jan. 16, '64; dis. disa., Oct. 22, '64. - - Quimby, Ira B., 33, M.; carpenter, Boston; Aug. 26, '62; dis. Feb. 2, - '64, for prom. U. S. C. T. - - Rand, William L., 25, S.; farmer, Nahant; June 26, '61; in Twelfth - Infty.; re-en. Jan. 5, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth; prom. Corp.; k. - March 31, '65, Hatcher's Run. - - Reynolds, William H. (Mus.), 19, S.; clerk, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; - dis. May 18, '65. - - Riley, James, 33, M.; laborer, Taunton; Aug. 25, '62; trans. to Co. E, - Ninth V. R. C.; dis. June 26, '65. - - Rocket, James, 19, S.; nailer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; dis. disa., - March 4, '63. - - Rogers, Eugene S., 26, S.; shoemaker, Natick; March 17, '62; in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. 17, '65, ex. of s. - - Russell, Nathan, 28, M.; carpenter, Marlborough; Jan. 2, '64; in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. May 13, '65. - - Shaw, George W., Jr., 22, S.; --, West Brookfield; July 13, '63; in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Sherburne, Benjamin F., 20, S.; machinist, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; des. - July 9, '63. - - Skinner, Fernando C., 21, S.; shovel-maker, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; wd. - May 8, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to May 16, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Smith, Edwin H. C., 18, S.; shoemaker, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May - 10, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to March 2, '65; M. O. June 6, '65. - - Smith, George T., 20, S.; farmer, Wayland; July 16, '61; in Thirteenth - Infty.; re-en. Feb. 17, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. disa., Oct. - 17, '64. - - Smith, James, 38, M.; mechanic, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64, to Oct. 9, '64; dis. May 12, '65. - - Snow, Charles H., 18, S.; farmer, Taunton; Aug. 21, '62; M. O. June 3, - '65. - - Sproal, Arthur H. (Corp.), 19, S.; clerk, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; M. O. - May 18, '65. - - Stall, John M., 40, S.; Aug. 22, '62; farmer, Taunton; wd. May 8, '64; - dis. Dec. 13, '64. - - Staples, Benjamin F., 22, S.; clerk, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; ab. sick - at M. O.; N. F. R. - - Sullivan, Daniel, 23, M.; laborer, Dorchester; Aug. 4, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; though ab. under arrest, - and as such was carried to the Thirty-second. - - Taylor, George W. (Wagoner), 34, M.; teamster, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; - dis. disa., Feb. 1, '64. - - Terry, Apollos P., 22, S.; cooper, Taunton; Aug. 26, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64, to Sept. 12, '64; M. O. June 13, '65. - - Thayer, Edgar S. (1st Sergt.), 23, M.; farmer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; - dis. Oct. 22, '63, for commission as Captain, Co. H, Seventh U. S. C. - T. - - Thayer, Henry F., 29, M.; metal-worker, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; trans. - Feb. 15, '64, Co. H, 1st V. R. C. - - Thomas, Charles, 34, M.; moulder, Taunton; Aug. 12, '62; d. a - prisoner, Florence, S. C., Oct. --, '64. - - Thomas, Charles S. (Corp.), 23, S.; farmer, Raynham; Aug. 22, '62; M. - O. June 2, '65. - - Tighe, Terrance, 39, M.; laborer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; trans. Oct. - 27, '63, to Co. A, Twentieth V. R. C.; dis. June 28, '65. - - Tinkham, Herbert, 21, S.; clerk, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; June 2, '65. - - Tisdale, Samuel L., 24, S.; marine, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; trans. Navy - May 4, '64; dis. July 15, '65. - - Titus, George L., 20, S.; carpenter, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 8, - '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to May 16, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Townsend, Percival J. (Corp.), 23, S.; clerk, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; - no M. O. - - Turner, George, 37, S.; laborer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; dis. disa., - March 4, '63. - - Walsh, Harold, 19, M.; machinist, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; des. July 9, - '63. - - Walsh, William, 22, --; --, Charlestown; July 25, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to May 16, '65; - trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Washburn, Otis (Corp.), 31, M.; clerk, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Sergt. - March 2, '63; dis. disa., Oct. 20, '63. - - Washburn, Salmon, Jr. (Corp.), 19, S.; clerk, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; - wd. May 10, '64; M. O. May 19, '65. - - Waters, Clark, 28, M.; carpenter, Boston; July 13, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Webster, Charles C. (1st Sergt.), 25, M.; currier, Boston; June 26, - '61, in Twelfth Infty.; re-en. Jan. 5, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth; - dis. O. W. D. Sept. 21, '64. - - Wescott, Andrew A., 28, S.; carpenter, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Corp. - May 6, '63; wd. May 8, '64; d. a prisoner, Richmond, June 1, '64. - - Wheeler, Charles E., 23, S.; machinist, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May - 8, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - White, Albert R., 21, M.; butcher, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; dis. disa., - Dec. 10, '62. - - Whitney, Lorenzo L., 21, M.; teamster, Boston; July 13, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Whitters, Edward, b. 1839, 23, S.; harness-maker, Taunton; Aug. 22, - '62; M. O. June 2, '65; harness manufacturer; d. Oct. 12, 1913. - - Williams, Reuben B. P., 23, M.; nailer, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; d. June - 26, '63, Washington. - - Wilson, George W., 2d, 22, S.; brickmaker, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; dis. - disa., June 3, '64. - - Wood, David (Sergt.), 34, M.; Aug. 22, '62; 1st Sergt. Oct. 22, '63; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to April 30, '65; prom. 2d Lieut. June 7, '65; M. - O. June 2, '65, as 1st Sergt. - - Wood, Jesse, 26, S.; painter, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; dis. disa., Dec. - 29, '63. - - Woodward, Edward M., 21, S.; machinist, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; Corp. - Nov. 1, '63; wd. May 10, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Woodward, George T., 20, S.; student, Taunton; Aug. 25, '62; trans. to - U. S. Signal Corps Aug. 12, '63; served Dept. of Gulf; dis. July 18, - '65; d. Sept. 17, '65, Taunton. - - Woodward, Matthew, 38, M.; moulder, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; chief mus. - Nov. 1, '63; vid. F. & S. - - Woodward, Roland P., 23, M.; machinist, Taunton; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May - 8, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - - - -COMPANY G - -Boston and South Shore - - -CAPTAIN - - Ezra J. Trull, 20, S.; b. Sept. 13, 1842, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; he had en. as Private in Co. - A, Thirteenth Infty. and was dis. Aug. 30, '62, for prom. in the - Thirty-ninth; in the firm of Chase & Trull, he was long a distiller in - Charlestown; d. Charlestown, April 29, 1886; one of the best drilled - men in the Regiment, after the war he enlisted as a private in the - Fifth Regiment, M. V. M.; rose through the grades to its command and - was at its head in the famous Bunker Hill Centennial Parade; also rose - to a captaincy in the Ancient and Honorable Artillery. - - -FIRST LIEUTENANTS - - Charles W. Thompson, --, --; Boston; Aug. 20, '62; on detached service - nearly his entire term; dis. disa., May 3, '64. - - William G. Sheen, from Co. I; prom. Captain Sept. 8, '64, Co. D, vice - Spear, res. - - Charles K. Conn, March, '65; detached as Quarter-Master, One Hundred - and Fourth N. Y. Vols.; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Oct. 3, 1906. - - -SECOND LIEUTENANT - - Charles Henry Chapman, from Sergt. Major; commissioned Aug. 30, '62; - mustered Nov. 11, '62; Act. Ass't Inspector Gen'l Fourth Brigade, - 2d Div. 1st A. C. until Brig. was disbanded, July 17, '63; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; prom. 1st Lieut. Sept. 6, '64, not mustered; dis. for - Captaincy, Forty-first U. S. C. T., April 29, '65; commissioned Sept. - 16, '64; Act. Ass't Adjt. Gen'l 2d Brig. 2d Div. 25th A. C., and Post - Adjt. Edinburg, Texas, Sept. 2, '65, till disbandment of Brigade; - M. O. Dec. 10, '65; 1866, manufacturer, Lambertville, N. J.; 1870 to - '74, Civil Engineer in N. J. and N. E.; in Insurance Business '69 to - '95, for much of the time officially connected with important fire - companies; retired, 1895; since then, spending his winters in warm - climates. The Lieutenant had been first Lieut. and Adjutant in the - Fifth R. I. H. Arty., beginning Nov. 30, '61; dis. disa., May 14, '62. - - -ENLISTED MEN - - Adams, Joseph (Corp.), 28, S.; seaman, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; prom. - Sergt.; Pris. as Color Sergt. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. - - Bailey, Charles C. (Corp.), 21, S.; clerk, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; - "dis. Dec. 23, '63, to en. U. S. Signal Corps," thus the record reads; - on the contrary, Bailey en. as hospital steward, U. S. A., but on - account of his excellent penmanship served as clerk in the office of - the Surgeon General till the fall of 1865. - - Bailey, John W., 19, S.; farmer, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; prom. Sergt.; - M. O. June 2, '65; dead. - - Bannon, James, 38, M.; boot crimper, Braintree; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; d. April 12, '65, Braintree. - - Barney, Horace, 23, --; --, West Cambridge; Aug. 1, '62; des. Aug. --, - '62. - - Bates, Charles E., 24, S.; boatman, Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; wd. May 8, - '64; d. Nov. 2, '64, Baltimore, Md.; dead. - - Bates, Lorenzo, 21, S.; butcher, Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; trans. June - 18, '64, V. R. C.; dis. from One Hundred and Tenth Co., 2d Batt. V. R. - C., Sept. 2, '65; 1913, Hingham Centre. - - Bird, John, 27, S.; farmer, West Boylston; July 24, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to the Thirty-second and M. O. - - Blanding, Daniel W., 30, M.; shoemaker, Warren; July 14, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Breck, Elijah F., 30, M.; lawyer, New Salem; N. H., cr. Westford; - Sept. 2, '62; M. O. May 30, '65; dead. - - Bright, Willard (Mus.), 19, S.; laborer, Watertown; Sept. 2, '62; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. March 29, '65. - - Broderick, James, 35, --; --, Watertown, July 23, '62; des. Aug. --, - '62. - - Brooks, Albert F., 26, M.; bookkeeper, So. Reading; July 29, '61, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Brown, Charles H. C., 23, M.; upholsterer, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; - prom. Corp.; dis. Oct. 2, '63, for Commission, U. S. C. T.; 2d Lieut. - Seventh Colored Infty.; 1st Lieut. and Adjutant Oct. 21, '64; bvt. - Captain March 13, '65; M. O. Oct. 13, '66; 1913, Brookline. - - Butters, Willie R., 18, S.; farmer, Reading; Dec. 28, '63, Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. March 31, '65, Hatcher's Run; - trans. to Thirty-second and M. O.; 1913, Plymouth. - - Carlin, Thomas B., 22, S.; printer, Barnard, Vt., cr. Brookline; - Sept. 25, '63, in Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Chapman, Timothy B., 31, M.; shoemaker, So. Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; M. - O. June 2, '65; 1913, Ridge Hill. - - Chase, Timothy H., 27, S.; blacksmith, Charlestown; July 8, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Child, Henry, 45, --; --, --; en. July 29, '62; des. Aug. --, '62. - - Chipman, Andrew A. (1st Sergt.), 25, S.; fireworker, Salem; June 26, - '61, in Twelfth Infty.; re-en. Jan. 5, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth; - dis. Aug. 23, '64, O. W. D.; later 1st Lieut. Fourth H. Arty.; M. O. - June 17, '65. - - Chubbuck, Eleazer, 18, M.; shoemaker, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; dead. - - Churchill, James T., 21, M.; painter, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; d. a - prisoner June 24, '64, Andersonville; grave 2416. - - Clapp, Caleb W., 22, S.; shoemaker, So. Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - on account of wds. May 8, '64; dead. - - Cochrane, George, 33, M.; oysterman, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; trans. - Sept. 30, '63, Co. A, Sixth V. R. C.; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Connell, John, 33, M.; farmer, Concord; Sept. 2, '62; trans. Aug. 2, - '64, V. R. C.; dis. from Co. B, Sixth V. R. C.; July 3, '65; dead. - - Corrigan, Thomas, 27, S.; waiter, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65; d. Togus, Me. - - Corthell, John, b. Sept. 15, 1836; 25, M.; carpenter, So. Scituate; - Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June 2, '65; provision dealer, constable and tree - warden; 1913, Somerville. - - Cowan, Thomas, 23, M.; clerk, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; dis. disa. Feb. - 28, '63. - - Creswell, John, 29, S.; boat builder, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; had served in Co. I, Fourth M. V. M., 3 mos. term; dead. - - Damon, Andrew J., 19, S.; mason, Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; dis. disa., - July 31, '63; dead. - - Danbenmayer, Charles, 20, S.; farrier, West Cambridge; Sept. 2, '62; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; supposed to have joined the Rebels - and afterwards killed. - - Day, Joshua D., 21, M.; shoemaker, Weymouth; June 26, '61, in - Thirteenth Infty.; re-en. March 20, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth; prom. - Corp.; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Dean, Warren F., 25, S.; farmer, Taunton; Sept. 23, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Delany, Jack M., 19, M.; printer, Worcester; Sept. 2, '62; des. July - 9, '63. - - Dodge, William G., 18, --; farmer, Essex; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; M. O. June 2, '65; 1913, Salem. - - Earle, William H., 37, M.; carpenter, Melrose; Sept. 2, '62; dis. June - 12, '65; had served in the Navy. - - Elliot, Andrew L. (Mus.), 23, S.; shoemaker, Malden; Sept. 2, '62; M. - O. June 5, '65. - - Elliot, George A., 25, --; --, en. Boston; Aug. 8, '62; deserted. - - Elwell, Daniel R., 22, S.; shoemaker, So. Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to Feb. 24, '65; M. O. July 14, '65. - - Fitzgerald, Michael A., 21, --; bootmaker, Boston; April 4, '62, in - Thirteenth Infty.; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to April 25, '65; M. O. May 17, - '65. - - Fitzgerald, William, 23, M.; shoemaker, Uxbridge; July 16, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. May 7, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Ford, Charles E. H., 22, S.; operative, Blackstone; Sept. 2, '62; M. - O. June 2, '65. - - Foster, Jacob, 21, --; --, --; Aug. 8, '62; des. Aug. --, '62. - - French, Benjamin W., 18, S.; So. Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; dis. disa., - Nov. 21, '62; 1913, Ridge Hill. - - French, Charles E., 20, S.; shoemaker, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; d. a - prisoner May 19, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - French, Henry C. (Corp.), 26, S.; sailmaker, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; - prom. Sergt.; shot by Rebel guard Aug. 26, '64, Belle Isle, Richmond, - Va. - - Gardner, George D., 34, S.; painter, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; d. Aug. 4, - '65, City Point, Va. - - Glines, Alvin R., 21, S.; farmer, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65; 1913, No. Scituate. - - Goodwin, Thomas, 23, S.; teamster, Bromfield, Me., cr. Charlestown; - July 17, '63, in Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to the - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Gorman, Michael, 22, S.; shoemaker, Lynn; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; d. Jan. 9, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Hall, Samuel, 28, M.; picture-framer, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; prom. - Corp.; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Oct. 3, 1912. - - Ham, Henry W. (Sergt.), 27, S.; clerk, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 31, '63; dead. - - Hanson, Franklin K., 32, M.; shoemaker, So. Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; dead. - - Hatch, George C., 19, S.; clerk, West Cambridge; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; 1913, Chicago. - - Hatch, Grafton, 22, S.; carpenter, Mansfield or Marshfield; Sept. 2, - '62; wd. May 5, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; dead. - - Hayden, Zenas M. (Corp.), 26, M.; mechanic, Randolph; Sept. 2, '62; - Pris., d. Feb. 4, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Hayes, Edmund P., 18, S.; clerk, Westboro; March 24, '62, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. Aug. 18, '64; d. Sept. - 15, '64, a returned prisoner, Annapolis, Md. - - Haynes, Albert S., 20, S.; shoecutter, Hingham; d. of wds. June 11, - '64, Hingham. - - Hersey, Alfred, 29, M.; teamster, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Hersey, George L., 31, M.; shoemaker, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; dead. - - Hersey, Henry F., 29, M.; carpenter, Hingham; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to - March 1, '65; M. O. June 2, '65; 1913, Soldiers' Home, Chelsea. - - Hill, John M., 32, S.; bootmaker, Westboro; Feb. 27, '62, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. Feb. 17, '65, ex. of s. - - Hutchins, Samuel W. (Corp.), 21, S.; plumber, Watertown; Sept. 2, '62; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to Feb. 24, '65; M. O. June 2, '65; d. May 10, - 1900, Guilford, Me. - - Hyland, Albert (Wagoner), 21, --; --, Watertown; July 24, '62; des. - Feb. 11, '63. - - Jackson, William H., 25, M.; carpenter, Melrose; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., May 19, '64. - - Jacobs, William H. (Corp.), 31, M.; blacksmith, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; - prom. 1st Sergt.; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, and escaped while on his way - from Richmond to Salisbury; M. O. June 6, '65. - - Jones, Charles S., 18, S.; clerk, Melrose; Sept. 2, '62; trans. March - 31, '64, to Fiftieth Co., 2d Batt. V. R. C.; dis. June 24, '65; 1913, - Chelsea. - - Jones, George W., 22, M.; farmer, Randolph; Feb. 25, '64, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to One Hundred and Seventeenth - Co., 2d Batt. V. R. C., April 17, '65; dis. Oct. 12, '65. - - Kennedy, John, 21, M.; cooper, Boston; en. July 29, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; trans. May 5, '64, to V. R. C. - - Lawless, Maurice (Mus.), 18, --; --, Malden; Sept. 2, '62; N. F. R. - - Leach, Edmund C., 23, S.; blacksmith, Worcester; July 18, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Leavitt, Henry W., 18, S.; shoemaker, Scituate; Dec. 8, '63; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Lendall, Samuel N., 37, S.; seaman, Manchester; July 10, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. disa., Nov. 29, 64. - - Leroy, Charles, 22, --; --, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June 2, '65; - dead. - - Lewis, James, 18, S.; carpenter, Boston; June 26, '61, in Twelfth - Infty.; re-en. Jan. 5, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. May 31, '64; - dis. on account of wds. March 8, '65. - - Lincoln, Benjamin C., 22, S.; bookkeeper, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; prom. - Corp.; dis. Aug. 25, '63, for commission, U. S. C. T.; Captain Second - Colored Infty.; Major, July 30, '64; d. Key West, Fla., from wds. - rec'd March 6, '65, Natural Bridge, Fla. - - McCann, John, 19, --; --, Belmont; Sept. 2, '62; N. F. R. - - McNaughton, Michael, 36, M.; carpenter, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; trans. - Jan. 5, '64, to V. R. C.; dead. - - Miller, George L., 23, M.; upholsterer, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; d. Feb. - 26, '63, as Corp., Poolesville, Md. - - Miller, Henry F., 21, S.; shoemaker, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; prom. - Corp.; d. of wds. May 25, '64, Washington, D. C., dead. - - Minard, Nelson C., 21, S.; clerk, Chelsea; Aug. 1, '62, in Thirteenth - Infty.; re-en. March 31, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Mordo, John A., 30, M.; clerk, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; trans. to - Thirty-seventh Co., 2d Batt. V. R. C.; dis. June 28, '65; dead. - - Murdock, George, 19, S.; farmer, Boston; June 26, '61, in Twelfth - Infty.; re-en. Jan. 1, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Murphy, Thomas, 30, M.; shoemaker, Roxbury; Aug. 5, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; Pris. and d. Jan. 1, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Neal, John S., 30, M.; shoemaker, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; d. Jan. 16, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Newcomb, Levi, 45, M.; mariner, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; dis. disa., - June 11, '63; dead. - - O'Hara, Patrick, 25, --; --, Watertown; June 29, '62; des. Dec. 27, - '62. - - Ord, John, 33, M.; farmer, Belmont; Sept., '62; trans. March 7, '64, - to Co. C, Twenty-fourth V. R. C.; dis. June 28, '65; 1913, Ridgebury, - Conn. - - O'Sullivan, Thomas, 20, S.; seaman, Boston; Oct. 13, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. Aug. 18, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Parsons, John G., 29, S.; painter, Boston; July 25, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Penniman, John M., 19, M.; shoemaker, So. Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; - prom. Sergt.; wd. March 31, '65; dis. disa., July 25, '65; dead. - - Pike, Jacob F., 22, S.; farmer, Melrose; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June 13, - '65. - - Pingree, Charles C. (Sergt.), 25, S.; clerk, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; M. - O. June 2, '65. - - Pomeroy, Alonzo, 26, M.; farmer, Roxbury; Sept. 2, '62; wd. May 5, - '64; M. O. as Corp. June 2, '65; 1913, Paris, Me. - - Poole, Charles N., 18, S.; shoemaker, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; wd. May - 5, '64; dis. disa., Dec. 17, '64; 1913, Pembroke. - - Prouty, Benjamin W., 34, S.; farmer, So. Scituate; Sept. '62; dis. - disa., Sept. 12, '64; dead. - - Prouty, Elijah, 26, M.; shoemaker, Weymouth; Sept. 2, '62; d. Dec. 9, - '63, Washington, D. C. - - Prouty, Isaac, 44, M.; shoemaker, So. Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; trans. - to Co. D, Twelfth V. R. C., Sept. 7, '63; dis. June 28, '65; dead. - - Prouty, John H. (Sergt.), 23, M.; clicker, So. Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; - prom. 2d Lieut. June 7, '65; M. O. as Sergt. June 2, '65; 1913, Ridge - Hill. - - Prouty, William, Jr., 28, M.; teamster, So. Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; M. - O. June 2, '65; dead. - - Roby, David F., 28, M.; mechanic, Cambridge; Sept. 2, '62; dis. disa., - Jan. 31, '63; dead. - - Russell, Harry H., 21, M.; cook, So. Danvers; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June - 9, '65, Washington, D. C. - - Sanborn, William H., 18, S.; pedler, Boston; June 26, '61, in Twelfth - Infty.; re-en. Jan. 1, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Shaw, Patrick J., 29, --; blacksmith, Weymouth; Dec. 10, '63; in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. as - Corp. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Sherman, Calvin F., 17, S.; farmer, So. Scituate; Sept. '62; M. O., - June 2, '65. - - Short, Thomas G., 18, S.; moulder, Cambridge; Sept. 2, '62; prom. - Corp.; d. as prisoner, Jan. 9, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Simmons, Thomas, 33, M.; farmer, So. Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; d. March - 3, '64, Washington, D. C. - - Skeele, Milo B., 24, M.; teamster, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65; dead. - - Skinner, John B., 40, M.; farmer, Boston; Nov. 5, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to thirty-second and M. O. - - Smith, Stratton V., 34, M.; clerk, Charlestown; July 9, '63; in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; d. Nov. 16, '64, a prisoner, - Salisbury, N. C. - - Spaulding, Charles A. (Mus.), 21, S.; farmer, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; - Pris. Aug. 19 '64; M. O. June 13, '65. - - Spear, Edward A. F., 33, M.; shoemaker, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; d. Jan. 21, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Sprague, Seth M., 19, S.; farmer, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65; 1913, So. Hingham. - - Sprague, Thomas, 35, S.; farmer, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; d. July 5, - '64, Washington, D. C. - - Stebbins, Thaddeus S., 32, M.; bookbinder, Melrose; Sept. 2, '62; for - some reason, not stated, trans. to Thirty-second Infty. - - Stetson, Warren, 25, M.; clerk, Braintree; July 17, '63; in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. May 18, '65. - - Stockwell, Alonzo G., 22, S.; farmer, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; wd. Aug. - 18, '64; dis. Sept. 1, '65, as of One Hundred and Fifth Co., Second - Batt., V. R. C.; dead. - - Stone, Henry D. (Corp.), 18, S.; clerk, Melrose; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Sept. 30, '63; later in Co. H, Fifty-ninth Infty.; d. Togus, - Me., April, 1912. - - Sylvester, John Q. A., 40, M.; farmer, Randolph; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 10, '63; later in Co. H, Second H. Arty.; dead. - - Thayer, Noah W., 31, S.; bootmaker, Weymouth; Dec. 11, '63; in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; d. a prisoner, Nov. 16, '64, - Salisbury, N. C. - - Thomas, Alpheus (Corp.), 25, M.; shoemaker, So. Scituate; Sept. 2, - '62; prom. Sergt.; Second Lieut. Sept. 15, '64; vide Co. K.; had - served in Co. I, Fourth M. V. M. three mos. term, 1861; dead. - - Thomas, Orson C., 28; --, --; Watertown; July 15, '62; des. Aug. --, - '62. - - Thomas, William O., 32, M.; farmer, So. Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; 1913, Hanson. - - Tisdale, Charles H., 29, M.; shoemaker, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Nov. 4, '62; dead. - - Torrey, Franklin J., 26, M.; butcher, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; wd. May - 8, '64; dis. disa., Dec. '65; dead. - - Van Winkle, Henry M. (1st Sergt.), 22, S.; dentist, Boston; Sept. 2, - '62; dis. O. W. D., June 11, '63; vide First U. S. C. T. - - Warren, Daniel S., 36, W.; bootmaker, Hopkinton; July 16, '61, in - Thirteenth Infty.; for some reason, not stated, he evidently had - to make up time and was trans. to the Thirty-ninth, thence to the - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Webster, Samuel D., 16, S.; printer, Martinsburg, Va.; Feb. 28, '62, - in Thirteenth Infty.; trans. as Mus. to the Thirty-ninth; dis. Feb. - 28, '65, ex. of s. - - Welch, Augustus W., 32, S.; painter, Roxbury; July 9, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Weston, Charles B. (Wagoner), 34, M.; carpenter, East Fairport, Vt.; - Sept. 2, '62; N. F. R. - - White, George W., 23, M.; shoemaker, Scituate; Dec. 8, '63; wd. May - 12, '64; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O., 1913, Randolph. - - White, Jeremiah C., 23, S.; bookmaker, Boston; June 26, '61, in - Twelfth Infty.; his record seems to be irregular, though he was trans. - to the Thirty-ninth, thence to the Thirty-second and M. O. - - Whiting, Franklin T., 21, S.; teamster, Pembroke; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; 1913, No. Abington. - - Whiting, George W., 22, S.; hostler, Pembroke; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Feb. 8, '64; dead. - - Whiting, T. D., en. July --, '62; N. F. R. save "deserted, Aug. --, - '62." - - Wilder, Albert, 21, S.; shoemaker, Hingham; Sept. 2, '62; d. from wds. - June 1, '64, Washington, D. C. - - Wilson, John, 2d, 23, --; seaman, Charlestown; July 27, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to the Thirty-ninth, thence to the - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Woodbury, William H., 28, M.; lawyer, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 9, '63; dead. - - Young, Charles E., 32, M.; shoemaker; So. Scituate; Sept. 2, '62; - prom. Corp.; wd. May 8, '64; M. O. June 1, '65; dead. - - - - -COMPANY H - -Dorchester - - -CAPTAIN - - Charles N. Hunt, 39, M.; stonecutter, Quincy; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - -FIRST LIEUTENANTS - - Robert Rhodes, 46, M.; contractor, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; res. - disa., Nov. 11, '62. - - Willard C. Kinsley, from Co. E, Nov. 13, '62; prom. Captain, Co. K, - March 30, '64. - - Luther F. Wyman, from Co. K, March 20, '64; June 16, '64, while on - detached service, guarding Rebel prisoners, Rock Island, Ill., was - prom. Captain in Second U. S. Vols., composed of former Confederates, - Feb. 18, '65; M. O. Nov. 7, 1865; d. "out West," 1892. - - -SECOND LIEUTENANTS - - Robert Williams, 24, S.; brittania-maker; Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - res. disa., Feb. 2, '63; d. Ashland, Nov. 12, '94. - - Charles W. Hanson, from Sergt. Major, Jan. 25, '63; trans. to Co. E as - 2d Lieut. - - John H. Dusseault, from Co. E, Oct. 20, '63; wd. slightly three - times at Spottsylvania; severely, Aug. 18, '64, Weldon R. R.; Prom. - 1st Lieut. Sept. 8, '64; not mustered; dis. from wds. Dec. 10, '64; - sealer of weights and measures, Somerville; 1913, Somerville. Lt. D.'s - printed account of Co. E used extensively in this book. - - Charles K. Conn, from Sergt. Major Feb. 1, '65; prom. 1st Lieut. - March, '65. - - -ENLISTED MEN - - Arris, Herbert, 18, S.; milkman, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; wd. May 5, - '64, Wilderness; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Baker, Frederick, 18, S.; laborer, Roxbury, cr. Dorchester; Feb. 15, - '64; k Aug. 19, '64. - - Barker, Alfred H., 19, S.; teamster, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; d. Jan. - 3, '64, Culpepper, Va. - - Barker, George W., 18, S.; junk dealer, Dorchester; Aug. 31, '62; - trans. Feb. 15, '64, Ninety-sixth Co., 2d Batt. V. R. C.; dis. from - hospital, Baltimore, Md., Oct. 18, '64; 1913, Dorchester. - - Barrett, William I., b. Sept. 13, 1839; 22, S.; painter, Dorchester; - Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June 2, '65; house painting; 1913, Lynn. - - Bartoll, William H., 20, S.; painter, Marblehead; July 10, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; d. July 1, '64, Washington, D. - C. - - Beck, William J., 35, --; carpenter, Lynn; Sept. 2, '62; des. Aug. 28, - '62, quitting before he was mustered, but such is the record. - - Bergeson, Joseph, 22, S.; farmer, Boston; Dec. 4, '63; wd. May 10, - '64; dis. disa., Oct. 10, '64. - - Billings, George W., 31, M.; candle maker, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - dis. May 20, '65; 1913, Roxbury. - - Bird, Joel E., 18, S.; cabinet-maker, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; d. - Dec. 20, '63. - - Blanchard, Brainard P., 18, S.; clerk, Boston; Aug. 18, '62, in - Thirteenth Infty.; re-en. Jan 4, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. - Aug. 16, '64, for commission in U. S. C. T.; 1st Lieut. One Hundred - and Sixteenth Colored Infty.; bvt. Captain March 13, '65; M. O. Aug. - 7, '67. - - Blanchard, William F., 23, S.; seaman, Boston; July 16, '61, in - Thirteenth Infty.; re-en. Jan. 4, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. - Aug. 16, '64, for commission U. S. C. T.; 2d Lieut. Twenty-seventh U. - S. Colored Infty.; 1st Lieut. April 6, '65; bvt. Capt. March 13, '65; - M. O. Sept. 21, '65. - - Bouldry, Welcome W., farmer, Raynham; 37, M.; Sept. 2, '62; d. Jan. 4, - '64, Alexandria, Va. - - Bowen, Edward J., 20, S.; clerk, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. Sept. - 10, '64, for commission U. S. C. T.; 1913, Central Falls, R. I. - - Bradshaw, Elbridge, b. April 24, 1831; (Corp.), 31, M.; confectioner, - Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; prom. Sergt.; 2d Lieut. Jan. 7, '65; M. O. - as Sergt. June 2, '65; salesman and librarian; 1913, librarian, lower - hall, Boston Public Library. - - Bronsdon, Frederick H., 24, S.; mechanic, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; M. - O. May 20, '65; d. Dec. 31, 1911. - - Brown, George, 27, S.; laborer, Eastham; July 27, '63; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Brunel, Joseph, 18, S.; laborer, Roxbury; Feb. 9, '64; missing since - Aug. 19, '64; J. H. Eames says, "Pris. and des." - - Burke, Christopher, 18, S.; laborer, Dedham; July 28, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Carr, Bernard, 26, --; laborer, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; record says, - "not mustered"; N. F. R. - - Carroll, John, 42, S.; tailor, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. disa., - Dec. 19, '64. - - Carter Calvin, 31, M.; farmer, Petersham; Sept. 22, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; record has, "dis. disa., Dec. 11, '63,"; why is his name - carried on the rolls of the Thirty-ninth? - - Chase, Andrew J., 26, S.; carpenter, Roxbury; Oct. 3, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to the Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O.; - this comrade was an inventor of great distinction, having devised the - cold blast refrigerator cars, now in general use, enabling meats to be - transferred over the entire country and across the sea, thus making - him one of the world's great benefactors; he died in the Chelsea - Soldiers' Home Jan. 17, 1913. - - Chase, William, 21, S.; seaman, Albany, N. Y., cr. Dennis; July - 25, '63, in Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Childs, Edward J., b. Dec. 7, 1844; 19, S.; curtain fixtures, - Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to Feb. 27, '65; M. O. - June 9, '65; shoemaking; 1913, Natick. - - Childs, Francis J., 18, S.; shoemaker, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; 1913, Marlborough. - - Claffey, John, 28, --; carder, Pittsfield; July 14, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. May 15, '65. - - Clark, William H., 16, S.; clerk, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - May 18, '65; real name, Wm. H. Signor, vide letter, W. D., June 9, - 1906; d. about 1900, Danville, Va., while superintendent of National - Cemetery. - - Collins, Patrick, 39, S.; laborer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; d. a - prisoner Nov. 18, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Combs, Erastus N., 23, M.; farmer, Boylston; July 13, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; des. July 15, '64. - - Corcoran, George, 22, --; silk dyer, Salem; des. Aug. 29, '62. - - Craig, Charles H., 22, S.; painter, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; wd. May - 8, '64; M. O. June 2, '64; 1913, Needham. - - Cram, Jesse T., 22, M.; teamster, Milton; Oct. 22, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Co. C, Nineteenth V. R. C.; - dis. Aug. 3, '65. - - Dailey, Michael, 18, S.; farmer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64, to Feb. 26, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Damon, Charles E., 21, M.; bootmaker, Warren; July 14, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. June 1, '65. - - Dana, Dexter E., 18, S.; student, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; trans. - Jan. 5, '64, V. R. C.; 1913, Burlington, Wis. - - Davis, John, 45, M.; morocco dresser, Lynn; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; M. O. May 30, '65. - - Dimond, John, 36, M.; stonecutter, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; wd. May - 8, '64, Spottsylvania; dis. disa., May 15, '65. - - Doody, John, 32, M.; laborer, Dorchester; Dec. 13, '63; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; d. Nov. 17, '64, Annapolis, Md. - - Driscoll, James, 18, S.; curtain fixtures, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - d. Nov. 14, '64, Ft. Schuyler, N. Y. Harbor. - - Dunn, Charles (Wagoner), 38, M.; teamster, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - trans. to One Hundred and Twelfth Co., Twelfth Batt., V. R. C.; dis. - disa., Sept. 10, '64. - - Ellis, Charles J., 24, S.; farmer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Feb. 5, '63. - - Farren, James, 25, M.; laborer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; wd. May 5, - '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to Feb. 26, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Farrington, David S., 31, S.; hostler, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; wd. - May 8, '64; prom. Corp., Sergt., May 1, '65; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Ferguson, John, 22, --; farmer, Boston; des. Aug. 29, '62. - - Fink, John, 24, S.; bar keeper, Boston, cr. Worcester; July 24, '63, - in Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second - and M. O. - - Fish, Isaac H., 38, M.; confectioner, Dorchester; wd. "June 3, '65," - so says the roll at State House, but '64 is evidently intended; M. O. - June 10, '65; 1913, Boston. - - Fisher, Richard H. (1st Sergt.), 28, M.; stonecutter, Dorchester; - Sept. 2, '62; wd. May 5, '64; prom. 2d Lieut. Sept. 8, '64; not - mustered; dis. disa., May 21, 1865. - - Fitz, Thomas D., 22, S.; printer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; wd. June - 22, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Fobes, John H., 23, S.; teamster, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65; d. Sept. 7, 1913, Neponset. - - Follen, John, 18, S.; farmer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; wd. May 12, - '64; dis. July 8, '65; 1913, Roxbury. - - French, George L., 18, S.; nail maker, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; d. - Dec. 9, '63, Alexandria, Va. - - Gammon, Randall T., 24, S.; clerk, Abington; Aug. 3, '63; d. a - prisoner, Nov. 17, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Gardner, Elisha P. F., b. Feb. 12, 1833 (Corp.), 29, M.; expressman, - Dorchester; Sept. 2, '61; dis. disa., May 4, '63; later, Co. B, Second - H. Arty.; expressing for many years; met his death, Jan. 28, 1913--the - funny man of "Poet's Corner," Nantucket. - - Geouggenheimer, Samuel, 21, S.; --, France, cr. Boston; July 21, '63, - in Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second - and M. O. - - Gerrish, Timothy, 21, S.; teamster, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 14, '65. - - Gline, David, 23, S.; farmer, en. Boston, cr. Taunton; Jan. 2, '64; - trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Goodhue, Manassah C., 40, M.; blacksmith, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - May 18, '65. - - Grover, Jeremiah O., 28, M.; farmer, Wrentham; July 15, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Harris, Sullivan B., 28, M.; carpenter, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; k. - June 23, '64, Petersburg. - - Healey, Stephen C., 21, M.; clerk, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 30, '62. - - Henderson, Oliver F., 23, S.; sailor, Acton; July 20, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Henry, Michael, 36, M.; mason, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. disa., - April 11, '64. - - Hill, Daniel G., 26, M.; confectioner, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Hill, Gilman L., 27, M.; teamster, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; prom. - Corp.; wd. May 11, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Hill, Joseph, 23, M.; teamster, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; trans. Oct. - 25, '63, to V. R. C.; dis. from Forty-sixth Co., Second Batt., Aug. - 25, '65. - - Holmes, George (Corp.), 40, M.; building mover, Dorchester; Sept. 2, - '62; d. Aug. 6, '64; W. D. letter June 4, '69. - - Holmes, Robert T., 18, M.; farmer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; N. F. R. - - Hunt, Sylvester, 23, S.; teamster, Acton; July 9, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Jenkins, Albert, 26, M.; shoemaker, Stoneham; July 10, '61, in - Thirteenth Infty.; re-en. Jan. 4, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence - to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Jones, David L., 18, S.; shoemaker, Boston; July 10, '61, in - Thirteenth Infty.; re-en. Jan. 4, '64; trans. as Sergt. to - Thirty-ninth; dis. as supernumerary, July 1, '64; later in Co. G, - Fourth Cavalry. - - Jones, Llewellyn, 20, S.; painter, Stoneham; July 10, '61, - in Thirteenth Infty.; re-en. Jan. 4, '64; trans. as Corp. to - Thirty-ninth; dis. as Supernumerary, July 1, '64. - - Johnson, David, 21, S.; farmer, Natick; July 16, '63; in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Johnson, William, 1st, 28, S.; seaman, Brighton; July 25, '63; in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Jordan, Thomas W. D., 18, M.; teamster, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; M. - O. June 2, '65; d. April, 1911, S. H., Chelsea. - - Kelley, Thomas, 22, S.; laborer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; wd. May 8, - '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to Feb. 24, '65; M. O. June 13, '65; 1913, - Washington, D. C. - - Keniston, William H., 28, S.; teamster, Lowell; July 9, '63; in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Kerr, John, 40, S.; tailor, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; trans. to Co. B, - Twenty-first Regiment, V. R. C., Sept. 16, '63; dis. July 31, '65. - - Kimball, Charles W., 21, M.; clerk, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; trans. - to V. R. C. May 5, '64. - - Kimball, Eugene F., 18, M.; milkman, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64, to May 1, '65; M. O. July 15, '65. - - Landers, Daniel, 45, M.; laborer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 29, '63. - - Langley, Samuel A., 18, S.; porter, Roxbury; Oct. 21, '62, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. Oct. 21, '64, ex. of s. - - Lines, Daniel, 26, M.; laborer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; wd. May 8, - '64; M. O. June 2, '65; 1913, No. Billerica. - - Loring, Abraham, 43, M.; carpenter, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 29, '62. - - Loring, A. A. (Corp.), 43, M.; carpenter, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; no - M. O. - - Lothrop, Alanson A. (Corp.), 24, M.; curtain fixtures, Dorchester; - Sept. 2, '62; wd. May 10, '64; M. O. May 31, '65. - - McCarthy, Eugene, 25, S.; hostler, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; dis. May 15, '65. - - McFarland, William, 44, M.; laborer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 29, '63. - - McGaken, Robert T., 22, S.; farmer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; as - Corp., wd. and missing since March 31, '65. - - Makell, Charles, 32, M.; barber, Dennis; July 28, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. June 6, '65. - - Marty, Jacob, 35, S.; farmer, Taunton; July 27, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Maxwell, James H., 29, M.; farmer, Monterey; July 14, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence as Corp. to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Millett, George C., 34, M.; farmer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; Pris.; - d. Nov. 15, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Millett, John H., 34, M.; teamster, Boston; Nov. 16, '63; d. a - prisoner Dec. 1, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Monk, George W., b. Aug. 24, 1843; (Mus.), 19, S.; musician, - Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. June 10, '65; musician; 1913, Quincy. - - Monk, Robert (Sergt.), 23, S.; stonecutter, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to Feb. 26, '65; M. O. June 2, '65; his diary - useful in compiling this book; d. in Quincy, Aug. 15, 1870; bur. Mt. - Wollaston Cemetery with Grand Army and Masonic honors and rites. - - Morrison, James H. (Sergt.), 28, M.; carriage-trimmer, Dorchester; - Sept. 2, '62; prom. 1st Sergt.; 2d Lieut. Dec. 20, '64; not mustered; - dis. as Sergt., June 13, 1865. - - Murray, Thomas, 19, S.; cooper, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; d. March 27, '65, from injuries rec'd on R. R. - - Newton, Benjamin S. (Sergt.), 28, S.; car-driver, Dorchester; Sept. 2, - '62; M. O. June, '65; 1913, No. Rumford, Me. - - Norton, Frank F., 28, M.; druggist, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. d. - April 14, '64, Andersonville. - - Page, Chester, S. 23, M.; stonecutter, Dorchester; Sept., '62; prom. - Corp.; Sergt. Feb. 1, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Palmer, William, 18, S.; teamster, Boston; Sept. 2, '62; N. F. R. - - Perry, Oliver H., 39, M.; teamster, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Patterson, Joseph, 30, S.; mason, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 29, '63. - - Phelps, John, 31, S.; printer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; d. Aug. 28, - '64, from wds. rec'd May 8, '64. - - Pierce, William L. G., 32, M.; apothecary, Lincoln; July 14, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Prescott, Benjamin F., 30, M.; teamster, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - prom. Corp.; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to March 3, '65; M. O. June 13, '65. - - Preston, John, 25, S.; laborer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. disa., - Jan. 29, '63. - - Richards, Edward D., 30, M.; millwright, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; k. - May 23, '64. - - Richards, John, 30, M.; sailmaker, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; wd. May - 10, '64; dis. June 1, '65. - - Richardson, Charles W., 25, S.; mechanic, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - prom. Sergt.; d. March 28, '65. - - Robie, John E., 18, S.; jig sawyer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; k. Aug. - 19, '64. - - Rouse, Stephen N., 21, S.; carpenter, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 10, '65; d. Washington, D. C. - - Russell, George S., 23, S.; iceman, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Feb. 3, '63; d. about 1909, Pembroke. - - Savil, Samuel O. (Corp.), 22, S.; wheelwright, Dorchester; Sept. 2, - '62; was a prisoner for a time; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Seaverns, Henry A. (Sergt.), 20, S.; machinist, Dorchester; Sept. 2, - '62; 2d Lieut. March 30, '64; vide Co. K. - - Shean, Patrick, 27, M.; hostler, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; M. O. May 13, '65. - - Signor, W. H.; vide Wm. H. Clark. - - Smith, Henry W., 27, M.; carpenter, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; 1913, Boston. - - Smith, Richard C., 36, M.; turner, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; dis. - disa., Feb. 2, '63. - - Southworth, Dallas, 18, S.; apothecary, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - Pris. Aug. 14, '64, to Feb. 26, '65; no M. O. - - Stanley, Francis A., 32, M.; carpenter, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - trans. U. S. Navy April 19, '64; 1913, Holbrook. - - Stone, Andrew C., 22, M.; blacksmith, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; k. May - 5, '64. - - Sumner, Franklin H., 26, M.; teamster, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '65; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; d. from wds. Feb. 25, '65. - - Sumner, William S., 20, S.; carpenter, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; d. Aug. 18, 1910, Jamaica Plain. - - Sweetland, Benjamin E., 33, M.; farmer, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; M. - O. June 2, '65. - - Thomas, George N. B., 18, S.; confectioner, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64; dis. May 18, '65, O. W. D., Tilton General Hosp., - Delaware. - - Tileston, Ebenezer (Corp.), 20, S.; clerk, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - d. March 12, '65, a paroled prisoner, Annapolis, Md. - - Tileston, Lemuel (Corp.), 19, S.; clerk, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; - missing after May 8, '64, N. F. R., though it is probable that he d. - in rebel prison. - - Toombs, Elliott L., 26, S.; boatmaker, Weymouth; des. Aug. 28, '62. - - Veit, Frederick, 32, M.; bootmaker, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; k. May - 10, '64, Spottsylvania. - - Walford, Thomas, 25, S.; carpenter, Seekonk; July 28, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Wares, Franklin, 25, S.; painter, Huntington; July 20, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O.; - also given as M. O. in the Thirty-ninth, June 5, '65. - - Wheeler, Nathaniel J., 24, S.; laborer, Boston; July 13, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O.; also said to have been M. O. from the Twelfth. - - Whiley, James, 19, S.; painter, Somerville; Sept. 2, '62; M. O. July - 14, '65. - - Whittier, Leavitt, 21, S.; marketman, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; wd. - Aug. 18, '64; M. O. May 18, '65. - - Wright, Theodore S., 24, M.; tinner, Pittsfield; July 14, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. disa., Feb. 9, '65. - - Wyman, George, 32, M.; stonecutter, Dorchester; Sept. 2, '62; k. May - 5, '64, Wilderness. - - - - -COMPANY I - -Natick - - -CAPTAINS - - Ephraim H. Brigham, 40, M.; Deputy Sheriff, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. - disa., Sept. 4, '64; d. Aug. 21, 1877. - - John D. Reed, from 1st Lieut., Sept. 6, '64; M. O. June 2, 1865; was - born in Taunton, Mar. 15, 1827; in grocery business in Taunton till - his death, Sept. 16, 1890; a member of the Winslow Congregational - Church, he was esteemed by all. - - -FIRST LIEUTENANTS - - Simon Mulligan, 36, M.; trader, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. disa., - Sept. 19, '63; d. Nov. 15, 1905; b. Boston, Mar. 1, 1825, of Irish - and Scotch ancestry; he was educated in the Boston Schools, going - thence to Natick and there learning the shoemaker's trade; later as a - sailor, he was shipwrecked on the Cape Verde Islands; later still, - he was a Californian Argonaut and, at his death, was a member and - director in the Society of California Pioneers of "'49"; after the war - he conducted a prosperous restaurant and billiard saloon; a member of - the Masonic Order, he was also prominent in the councils of Post 63, - G. A. R., where his ability in dramatics and recitations was of signal - service; his form and bearing readily proclaimed him a gentleman of - the "Old School." - - Wm. G. Sheen, temporarily from Co. D, Oct. '63; thence as 1st Lieut. - to Co. G. - - John D. Reed, from Co. F, Sept. 20, '63; wd. Aug. 18, '64; prom. - Captain Co. I. - - William H. Brown, from 2d Lieut.; M. O. June 2, 1865. - - -SECOND LIEUTENANTS - - William H. Brown, 27, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; 1st Lieut. - Sept. 8, '64; vide Co. I; had been 1st Sergt., Co. H, Thirteenth - Massachusetts Volunteers, was dis. to receive promotion in the - Thirty-ninth. - - Oliver P. Ricker, from Co. B, Sept. 8, '64; M. O. June 6, 1865; - Adjustant Post 113, Boston. - - -ENLISTED MEN - - Adams, James C., 21, --; --, Concord; July 16, '63; d. July 14, '64, - City Point, Va. - - Alexander, Edmund K., 18, S.; Aug. 25, '62; cordwainer, Natick; dis. - disa., Jan. 20, '63. - - Allen, William L., 24, M.; currier, Sturbridge; July 14, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; paroled - and captured again March 31, '65; paroled April 3, '65; M. O. June 24, - '65. - - Babb, Mark, 25, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. disa., Dec. - 16, '62; d. Dec. 25, 1910, Natick. - - Bacon, Jonathan, 43, M.; stone mason, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; d. Dec. - 16, '63, Washington, D. C. - - Balcom, Oscar, 19, S.; farmer, Wayland; Aug. 25, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65; Cochituate. - - Bangs, William W., 22, S.; merchant, Worcester; July 13, '73; wd. June - 18, '64, Petersburg; d. City Point, Va., no date given. - - Barnes, Charles H., b. Jan. 28, 1842; 20, S.; clerk, Boston; Aug. 25, - '62; prom. Corp.; wd. May 8, '64, Alsop's Farm; M. O. June 2, '65; Dry - goods; 1913, Melrose. - - Beal, Jesse N., 32, M.; shoemaker, Natick; July 16, '63; trans. for - unexpired time to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Beals, William H., 22, S.; farmer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; d. Feb. 19, Salisbury, N. C. - - Bigelow, Chester O., 18, S.; musician, Dover; Feb. 14, '62, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. Feb. 23, '65, ex. of s. - - Bispham, John D., 28, S.; trader, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; d. Jan. 25, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Blenker, James J., 38, M.; clerk, Attleborough; July 28, '63; d. May - 14, '65, Washington, D. C. - - Boyden, Stephen A., 31, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; prom. - Corp.; dis. July 7, '63, for commission in U. S. C. T. - - Braithwaik, Thomas, 27, S.; assistant surgeon, West Bridgewater; Aug. - 3, '63; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O.; his name does not appear in - the F. & S. - - Brigham, Alfred M. (Corp.), brother of Capt.; Aug. 25, '62; prom. - Sergt.; dis. Aug. 14, '63, for commission U. S. C. T.; 2d Lieut. - Fourth Colored Infty.; k. June 15, '64, Petersburg. - - Brookings, Alphonso W., 21, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 30, '62; later Corp. in Co. I, Thirteenth V. R. C., whence - he was dis. Nov. 17, '65; d. April 29, 1883, Natick. - - Brooks, William, 44, M.; morocco dresser, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65. - - Brown, Edwin, 21, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; prom. Sergt.; - Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to March 25, '65; M. O. June 17, '65; d. Nov. 14, - 1911, Nashua, N. H. - - Brummett, John M., 39, M.; farmer, Wayland; Aug. 25, '62; dis. disa., - Feb. 23, '63; d. March 2, 1900, Natick. - - Bullens, Charles A., 23, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; trans. - to unassigned Co., 2d Batt. V. R. C.; dis. July 11, '65. - - Bullens, Lowell S., 19, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. - disa., Jan. 1, '63; later en. April 8, '64, U. S. Signal Corps; dis. - Aug. 4, '64. - - Butterfield, Charles B., 18, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; - Pris. Aug. 18, '64, to March 1, '65; M. O. July 20, '65; Cochituate. - - Butterfield, John C., 44, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. - disa., Feb. 11, '64. - - Carhart, Henry, 18, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; prom. Corp.; - k. May 8, '64, Alsop's Farm. - - Carhart, Joseph B., 27, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; Corp. - March 10, '65; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Jan. 1, 1871, Natick. - - Carr, Joseph C., 34, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; des. Sept. - 5, '62. - - Caswell, Perley, 44, M.; carpenter, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65; d. Nov. 15, 1877. - - Chamberlain, Daniel O., 29, M.; Aug. 25, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. a - prisoner Feb. 27, '65, Richmond, Va. - - Chase, Seth C., 30, M.; mariner, Nantucket; July 13, '64; in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; d. a prisoner April 3, '65, Salisbury, - N. C. - - Choate, Edward H., 29, --; hostler, Natick; dis. disa., Dec. 17, '62. - - Clough, William H. H., 21, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; wd. - May 10, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. July 20, '65; 1913, Natick. - - Colbath, Charles E., 18, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '65; d. May - 18, '65, Washington, D. C. - - Colbath, George A., 41, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; trans. - Sept. 12, '63, V. R. C.; dis. disa., Dec. 18, '63, from Co. A, Sixth - V. R. C.; he was a brother of Vice-President Henry Wilson; Charles was - son of G. A. C. - - Cole, Archibald M., 41, M.; tailor, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; d. Jan. 14, '65, Salisbury. - - Collins, William, 22, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; prom. - Corp.; d. paroled prisoner April 6, '65. - - Conant, Sherman (Corp.), 22, S.; student, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. - Aug. 17, '63, for commission U. S. C. T.; Captain Third Colored - Infty.; Major Sept. 13, '65; M. O. Oct. 31, '65; d. Nov. 21, 1890, - Natick. - - Cook, Thomas, 26, M.; shoemaker, Beverly; July 10, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. disa., May 26, '65. - - Cooper, Newell, 29, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. disa., - Jan. 2, '63; 1913, Natick. - - Cooper, Thomas, 20, --; --, Taunton; Aug. 3, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Critcherson, Joseph (Corp.), 37, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; - trans. Nov. 15, '63, to Fifty-eighth Co., 3d Batt., V. R. C.; dis. - disa., June 7, '65; d. June 11, 1900, Natick. - - Curran, Edward, 21, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Currier, Charles P. (Sergt.), 26, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, - '62; dis. disa., March 10, '65; d. Dec. 19, 1907, Natick. - - Currier, Joseph, 24, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; wd. May 5, - '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to March 3, '65; dis. disa., June 20, '65; d. - Feb. 27, 1869, Natick. - - Dakin, Abel F. (Mus.), 29, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; d. - Dec. 20, '63, Washington. - - Davis, Charles A., 35, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; - despatch-carrier for General Grant; dis. June 5, '65; d. July 12, - 1897, Natick. - - Davis, Frank E. (Corp.), 21, S.; clerk, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. - disa., Dec. 1, '62. - - Drew, Charles F., 24, S.; shoemaker, Stoneham; July 10, '61, in - Thirteenth Infty.; re-en. Jan. 4, '64; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence - to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Dutton, Dana F., 29, M.; farmer, Sudbury; July 16, '61, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Echibach, Louis, 25, S.; bookkeeper, Beverly; July 29, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Eckenroth, Charles H., 21, M.; brakeman, Dedham; July 28, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Endicott, Ingersoll B., 23, M.; clerk, Boston; July 23, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Esip, Francis, 21, S.; blacksmith, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65; d. 1909, Soldiers' Home, Togus, Me. - - Evans, William, 23, S.; laborer, Brighton; July 22, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty. trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Felch, Henry F., b. March 18, 1839; (Sergt.) 23, S.; clerk, Natick; - Aug. 25, '62; was Color Sergt. till promotion; prom. 2d Lieut. Oct. - 25, '63; vide Co. F. - - Felch, Ira H., 18, S.; shoemaker, Natick; March 7, '62; in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. March 7, '65, ex. of s.; d. May - 8, 1910, Natick. - - Felch, William F., 35, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; prom. - Corp.; wd. March 31, '65; M. O. May 18, '65; d. May 7, 1902, Plymouth. - - Finn, James W., 18, S.; farmer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; drowned Nov. 17, - '62, Chesapeake & Ohio Canal. - - Fiske, John E., 21, S.; hatter, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. disa., Feb. - 25, '63. - - Fogg, George L., 33, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; d. Nov. 23, - Offutt's Cross Roads, Md. - - Foley, Michael, 26, M.; currier, Stoneham; July 14, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Freeman, Charles F. (Mus.), 18, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; - June 2, '65. - - Garfield, William H., b. May 20, 1843; 19, S.; cordwainer, Natick; - Aug. 25, '62; M. O. June 2, '65; grocery, dry goods; hotel and livery - keeper; 1913, Harding; rec'd a skin wound, in the face, at the - Wilderness; at Laurel Hill, he drew his own seven days' rations and - those of Butterfield as well, carrying them till his comrade showed - up; after the Weldon R. R. disaster, he was one of the seven men - who answered "Here" on the 20th of August; after the surrender, he - traded his hat-cord with a rebel lieut. for a Dutch oven and two camp - kettles, also securing from the reb. a confession that he was glad - the war was over, though he wished the shoe were on the other foot; - on the 25th return of the Weldon day his comrades and friends gave - him a house warming in his new abode on the eastern slopes of Mt. - Deliverance, Natick, his home, till 1893, when he moved to Medfield. - - Gourley, Samuel, 30, S.; baker, Boston; July 13, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to March 21, '65; M. O. June 5, '65. - - Green, John T. B., 18, S.; teamster, Boston; July 31, '62, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Griffin, Jonathan F., 39, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. - disa., Nov. 21, '63; d. Feb. 7, 1902, Natick. - - Hall, Benning, Jr. (1st Sergt.), 36, M.; expressman, Natick; Aug. 25, - '62; dis. disa., Feb. 8, '64. - - Hammond, Charles F., 28, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; trans. - to Sixty-ninth Co., Second Batt., V. R. C., dis. June 29, '65. - - Hancock, Henry, b. April 22, 1839, England; 23, S.; blacksmith, - Natick; Aug. 25, '62; wd. May 5, '64, Wilderness; dis. disa., Feb. 6, - '65; blacksmith; 1913, So. Natick. - - Hardy, Simeon, 27, M.; Aug. 25, '62; cordwainer, Natick; Pris. Aug. - 18, '64, to March 1, '65; M. O. July 20, 65; d. 1885, Natick. - - Hayes, Daniel, 44. M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. disa., - Nov. 5, '62; d. Nov. 29, 1902, Natick. - - Hayward, Paul, 34, M.; farmer, Boston; July 11, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. May 3, '65. - - Hazelton, Warren, 30, --; --, Concord; July 14, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; k. Aug. 19, '64. - - Hoey, Michael, 26, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; wd. May 8, - '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. July 17, 1872, Natick. - - Hoey, Thomas, 36, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; wd. May 12, - '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '14; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Howe, Ansel L., 18, S.; flagman, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; k. Aug. 18, - '64, Weldon R. R. - - Jennings, John E., 31, M.; shoemaker, Natick; July 25, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Jennison, Charles W., 30, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; d. May 17, 1902, Natick. - - Jones, Nathan, 34, M.; farmer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. disa., April - 1, '63; d. June 11, 1884, Natick. - - Kemp, Nathan S., 20, --; shoemaker, Watertown; Aug. 2, '64; d. May 19, - '65, Watertown, Mass. - - King, Albert F., 22, S.; cordwainer, Boston; Aug. 25, '62; dis. disa., - June 25, '63; d. Aug. 11, 1898, Seattle, Wash. - - LeBarron, David J., 25, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; M. O. - June 2, '65; d. June 7, 1904, Natick. - - Lilley, Richard G., 33, S.; shoemaker, Natick; June 26, '61, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O.; d. April 13, 1898, Natick. - - Littlefield, George H., 35, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; k. - Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. R. - - Lynch, John, 21, S.; seaman, Raynham; July 26, '63; in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to the Thirty-ninth, thence to the Thirty-second and M. - O. - - McAuliffe, Samuel, b. Jan. 7, 1841; 21, S.; machinist, Agawam; July - 17, '63, in Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth and thence to - Thirty-second and M. O.; is glad that his change from the Twelfth to - the Thirty-ninth took him into such excellent company, enjoying his - new comrades and officers, Capt. Reed and Lieut. Brown, very much; - selling machinery in this country and abroad; Mercantile Inspector, - Rochester, N. Y.; fifteen years, chief mustering officer and - Inspector; two years each, Dept. N. Y. G. A. R. and Inspector General - for Commander-in-chief John C. Black; 1913, Gates, N. Y. - - McCaffrey, James, 37, M.; bookmaker, West Roxbury; Jan. 14, '64; - trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - McLain, Charles W., 28, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; prom. - Sergt. and 1st Sergt.; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Nov. 21, 1910, Natick. - - Mann, Francis E., 20, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; d. Nov. - 23, '62, Offutt's Cross Roads, Md. - - Marsh, William W., 30 M.; yeoman, Grafton; July 14, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. Aug. 18, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Mead, Alfred, 30, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65; d. July 8, 1911, Newton. - - Merrill, Franklin, 27, M.; expressman, Boston; July 13, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Merrill, Stephen, 36, M.; teamster, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; d. from wds. - March 3, '65. - - Messenger, Charles W., 27, M.; farmer, Wrentham; July 15, '63; in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; d. from wds. Sept. 20, '64. - - Mills, Josiah R., 45, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; wd. Feb. - 7, '65; dis. disa., Sept. 5, '65; d. Mar. 18, 1887, Natick. - - Monahan, Michael, b. May 24, 1841; 21, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. - 25, '62; Pris. May 8, '64, recaptured by Sheridan on the 9th; wd. - June 18, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; shoemaking and farming; 1913, So. - Framingham. - - Morey, Raphael, 20, S.; farmer, Hopkinton; Aug. 2, '64; M. O. June 2, - '65. - - Moore, Charles H., 32, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; trans. - May 12, '64, to Co. H, Eighteenth V. R. C.; dis. as Corp. June 24, - '65; d. Mar. 14, 1905, Natick. - - Morrill, Robert W., 34, S.; yeoman, Worcester; July 11, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O.; 1913, West Boylston. - - Morrison, Charles H., 18, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; d. - Nov. 21, '62, Offutt's Cross, Roads, Md. - - Morse, Curtis, 18, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; wd. May 24, - '64; M. O. May 25, '65; d. 1909, Plymouth. - - Morse, Henry M., 21, M.; blacksmith, Medway; Aug. 25, '62; dis. disa., - Sept. 12, '63; d. - - Morse, Horace B. (Corp.), 42, M.; farmer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. - disa., May 1, '63; d. Nov. 8, 1911, Winstead, Conn. - - Moulton, George W., 33, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; wd. May - 10, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Feb. 8, 1907, Natick. - - Moulton, Otis H., 31, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65; d. April 21, 1883, Natick. - - Murphy, James 19, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65; d. Sept. 8, 1910, Cochituate. - - Newhall, Francis E., 37, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; d. Nov. - 25, Offutt's Cross Roads, Md. - - O'Brien, Cornelius, 18, S.; carpenter, Boston; Oct. 13, '63; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; d. Salisbury, N. C., after Feb. 22, '65, at which time - he was in a dying condition. - - O'Brien, Dennis, 21, S.; shoemaker, Natick; Jan. 7, '64; wd. May 8, - '64; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Parlin, William D. (Sergt.), 23, S.; trader, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; - dis. June 22, '63, for commission U. S. C. T.; Captain First U. S. - Colored Infty.; dis. disa., March 7, '65. - - Patten, Delavan M., 22, M.; blacksmith, Springfield; July 16, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O.; 1913, Plainfield, N. J. - - Perkins, Thomas, 29, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. disa., - Dec. 21, '62. - - Pierson, James M., 21, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; wd. June - 18, '64; dis. disa., Feb. 8, '65; 1913, Haverhill. - - Ragan, Michael, 38, S.; laborer, Boston; Oct. 1, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Reed, Nathan (Sergt.), 43, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; - trans. Jan. 5, '64, to V. R. C.; dis. disa., Jan. 15, '65; d. April 3, - 1901, Natick. - - Reynolds, George, 27, M.; bookkeeper, Boston; July 28, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Russell, Levi, 43, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; trans. April - 10, '64, to V. R. C.; dis. July 1, '65; May 22, 1906, Natick. - - Sell, James T., 28, M.; teamster, Cambridge; June 26, '61, in Twelfth - Infty.; on account of unauthorized absence, he was compelled to - make up time, hence his trans. to the Thirty-ninth, thence to the - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Sloper, Charles W., 18, S.; hatter, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65. - - Smith, Abial E., 30, M.; cordwainer, Sherborn; Aug. 25, '62; wd. May - 12, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; dis. June 14, '65; d. Aug. 25, 1871, - Natick. - - Spooner, Lyman A., 21, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; prom. - Sergt.; 2d Lieut. June 7, '62; M. O. as Sergt. June 2, '65; d. Dec. - 28, 1894, Natick. - - Stearns, Nathan D., 31, --; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; d. a - prisoner Feb. 3, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Stedman, Charles H., 20, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; d. from - wds. July 10, '64, Willett's Point, N. Y. - - Stevens, Leonard S., 21, S.; farmer, Haverhill; Sept. 23, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. - O. - - Stewart, Samuel, vide Styner, below. - - Stewart, Sylvanus, 22, S.; hatter, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; prom. Corp.; - wd. Aug. 18, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. May 16, 1906, Haverhill. - - Stone, Francis C, 24, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; d. from - wds. May 19, '64, Washington, D. C. - - Styner, Samuel, 24, M.; painter, Concord; July 24, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O.; - according to a letter from the W. D., Sept. 27, '90, the man's real - name was Stewart. - - Sullivan, Thomas, 1st, 22, M.; boatman, Taunton; July 24, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Taylor, George G., 21, M.; shoemaker, Rutland; July 13, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; M. O. May 25, '65, though roll - also states that he was trans. to Thirty-second. - - Travis, Fayette E., 20, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64, to March 1, '65; M. O. July 20, '65; 1913, Natick. - - Travis, Isaac N. (Corp.); cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; trans. - Sept. 12, '63, to V. R. C.; dis. Nov. 17, '63; d. June 9, 1905, - Natick. - - Tyler, Stearns C., 27, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. O. - W. D. May 30, '65; d. Jan. 5, 1894, Natick. - - Tyrell, George H., 19, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; d. Dec. - 18, '62, Offutt's Cross Roads, Md. - - Wallace, J. William, 25, M.; printer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; trans. - March 31, '64, V. R. C.; dis. Aug. 9, '65. - - Warren, Samuel P. S., 18, S.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; d. - Dec. 18, '62, Offutt's Cross Roads, Md. - - Washburn, Romanzo M., 23, S.; clerk, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. June - 21, '64, O. W. D.; d. March 22, 1887, Natick. - - Webster, Isaac L., 15, S.; --, Martinsburg, Va.; Feb. 11, '62, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. as mus. to Thirty-ninth and dis. Feb. 10, - '65, ex. of s. - - Wentworth, George W., 29, M.; hatter, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; prom. - Sergt.; M. O. June 2, '65; 1913, Haverhill. - - West, John, 33, S.; carpenter, Boston; July 24, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Wheeler, Willis M., b. Aug. 11, 1841; 21, M.; mechanic, Northbridge; - July 14, '63, in Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to - Thirty-second and M. O.; 1913, Natick. - - Whitney, Constant F., b. Aug. 12, 1836; 26, M.; cordwainer, Sherburn; - Aug. 25, '62; dis. disa., March 6, '63; expressing, deacon Baptist - Church nineteen years; 1913, Norwood. - - Whitney, John, 40, M.; farmer, Watertown; Aug. 2, '64; M. O. June 2, - '65; had been in Co. E, Sixth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, 1861. - - Williams, Charles H., 28, M.; carpenter, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; d. March 19, '65, Wilmington, N. C. - - Woodward, Caleb, 40, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. disa., - Jan. 30, '63. - - Woodward, Heman C, 23, M.; cordwainer, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; dis. - disa., April 1, '63; d. May 2, 1883. - - Wright, Lewis, 25, M.; expressman, Natick; Aug. 25, '62; M. O. June 2, - '65; expressing; 1913, Natick. - - - - -COMPANY K - -Woburn - - -CAPTAINS - - John I. Richardson, b. July 12, 1818, Woburn; 44, M.; mason, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; dis. disa., March 29, '64; d. Oct. 1, 1864, Woburn. - - Willard C. Kinsley, from Co. H, Mar. 30, '64; d. April 2, 1865, from - wds. rec'd Mar. 31, '65. - - Luke R. Tidd, April 3, '65; not mustered; M. O. as 1st Lieut. June - 2, 1865; d. Aug. 15, 1893, Woburn; his body was borne to its burial - by his fellow soldiers; had been a shoe manufacturer many years; his - sword, captured Aug. 19, '64, was returned to him by Sergt. Whitaker - of the Tenth Georgia in 1884 and was received with great rejoicing by - Co. K. - - -FIRST LIEUTENANTS - - Luke R. Tidd, b. May 5, 1822, Woburn; 39, S.; shoe manufacturer, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; pris. Aug. 19, '64; - paroled Feb. 19, '65; Captain, April 3, '65. - - -SECOND LIEUTENANTS - - Luther F. Wyman, b. Oct. 7, 1833, Woburn; 28, M.; shoemaker, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; 1st Lieut. March 20, '64; vide Co. H. - - Henry A. Seaverns, from Co. H, Mar. 30, '64; wd. Aug. 18, '64; 1st - Lieut.; not mustered; dis. disa., Jan. 7, '64; d. Sept. 26, 1894, No. - Scituate. - - Alpheus Thomas, from Co. G, Sept. 15, '64; wd. Mar. 31, '65; M. O. May - 16, 1865; dead. - - -ENLISTED MEN - - Avery, Michael, b. 1832, Halifax, N. S.; 30, M.; shoemaker, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; k. May 10, '64, Spottsylvania. - - Bacon, Jonas, 19, S.; japaner, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; d. Dec. 30, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Baldwin, Michael B., b. Feb. 2, 1834, Bridgeport, Conn.; 28, M.; - harness maker, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 10, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; dis. disa., May 20, '65; d. July, 1911, Stoneham. - - Bancroft, Albert, b. May 18, 1844, Woburn; 19, S.; farmer, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Sept., 6, 1906. - - Barrett, Albert P., b. July 14, 1844, Woburn; 18, S.; painter, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 10, '64; detailed for clerical duty, Div. - H'quarters from July 27, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. April, 1909; his - recollections enter largely into the earlier portions of this history. - - Barrett, William T., b. June 26, 1838, Boston; 24, M.; clerk, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; d. Jan. 29, '65, Washington, D. C. - - Boutwell, Asa, b. July 12, 1836, Woburn; 26, M.; butcher, Woburn; dis. - disa., May 5, '65. - - Bradley, Thomas H., b. 1844, Boston; 18, S.; japaner, Woburn; Aug. 22, - '62; wd. Mar. 31, '65, Gravelly Run; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Nov. 14, - 1873, Woburn. - - Brannagan, John, b. Dec. 9, 1842, Ireland; 21, S.; blacksmith, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. 15, '64; d. Jan. 20, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Brown, Alvin G., b. Aug. 14, '42, Reading; 20, S.; printer, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; M. O. May 18, '65; 1913, Malden. - - Brown, William P. (Sergt.), 21, S. clerk, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; - detailed as Division Ordnance Sergt.; M. O. June 2, '65; had served in - Co. I, Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, 1861; b. Durham, Nova Scotia; Aug. - 20, 1840; grocer before and after the war; 1872-1890, manufacturing; - clerk, State Board of Health from 1890 to death; Sec. of Thirty-ninth - Regimental Ass'n and a member of the Com. on Regimental history; d. - Sept. 10, 1912, Winthrop. - - Bryant, Francis M., b. May 8, 1847, Woburn; 18, S.; laborer, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; d. a prisoner, Jan. 29, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Bush, Charles, b. July 15, 1838, Canada; 25, S.; teamster, Woburn; - Feb. 27, '64; Pris. May 8, '64; recaptured next day by Sheridan; wd. - April 1, '65; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O.; d. Canada. - - Butler, Moses, b. Mar. 19, 1824, Kentsville, N. S.; 31, M.; currier, - Woburn; Feb. 25, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. Jan. 17, '65, Salisbury, - N. C. - - Cady, David, b. May 17, 1837, Bedford, N. H.; 25, S.; farmer, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; dis. disa., June 18, '63; d. N. H. - - Carpenter, Alonzo D., b. Feb. 17, 1839, St. Albans, Vt.; 32, M.; - currier, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; wd. April 4, '65, Petersburg; dis. - disa., June 28, '65; 1913, Woburn. - - Chase, John, b. 1840, Camplin, N. H.; 22, S.; shoemaker, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; trans. Feb. 15, '64, V. R. C.; dis. from Co. I, Second V. R. - C., July 3, 1865; "Out West." - - Choate, William M., b. July 10, 1844, Lynn; (Mus.) 19, S.; - photographer, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; dis. disa., Feb. 12, '63. - - Colby, Freeman E., b. Jan. 3, 1840, Henniker, N. H.; 21, S.; farmer, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; detailed with Q. M. Dep't after the No. Anna; - M. O. June 2, '65; farming and lumbering; Selectman, 8 years; School - Com., 3 years; Rep. Legislature, 2 years; Justice of the Peace, 35 - years; 1913, Henniker, N. H. - - Colby, Newton G., b. 1843, Henniker, N. H.; 19, S.; farmer, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; dis. disa., Dec. 29, '62; d. 1894, Henniker. - - Colgate, Charles H., b. July 31, 1844, Roxbury; 19, S.; currier, - Woburn; Dec. 15, '63; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to Oct. 9, '64; trans. - to Thirty-second Infty. and M. O. June 29, '65; leather business - and maker of extracts; 14 years, agent of Prison Commission; Past - Commander G. A. R. Post; Sec. of Massachusetts Ass'n Ex-prisoners - of War; Deacon in Congregational Church, and Sec. of Thirty-ninth - Regimental Ass'n at time of death; d. Feb. 8, 1913. - - Conn, Charles K., b. Jan. 9, 1842, Charlestown; 20, S.; bookkeeper, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; Corp. March 1, '63; Pris. May 8, '64; Sergt. - Major, April 28, '64; vid. F. & S. - - Connoly, Hugh, b. 1841, Ireland; 21, S.; currier, Woburn; Aug. 22, - '62; d. Nov. 25, '62, Offutt's Cross Roads, Md. - - Cronan, Jeremiah, b. 1826, Ireland; 36, M.; shoemaker, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; des. Sept. 2, '62. - - Curry, Robert, b. 1823, Ireland; 39, M.; shoemaker, Woburn; Aug. 22, - '62; Pris. May 8, '64, recaptured next day; Pris. Aug. 19. '64; d. - Oct. 20, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Dean, George W., b. Oct. 11, 1842, Wilmington; 22, S.; shoemaker, - Woburn; Dec. 28, '63; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to Thirty-second - Infty. and M. O.; had served in Sixth Battery, Light Arty.; d. April, - 1902. - - Dean, Joseph G., b. Jan. 28, 1821, Woburn; 41, M.; butcher, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; wd. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Hudson. - - Dean, Joshua H., b. Feb. 11, 1843, Woburn; 18, S.; shoemaker, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. 14, '64; recaptured same day; wd. Feb. 6, - '65; N. F. R.; 1913, Syracuse, N. Y. - - Dennett, Geo. H., b. Dec. 22, 1845, Woburn; 18, S.; clerk, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; trans. Feb. 15, '64 to V. R. C.; at his own request - trans. back Aug. 10, '64; wd. Mar. 31, '65; Sergt. Major, Feb. 1, '65; - vide F. & S. - - Dennett, Robert M., b. Oct. 5, 1840, Chatham, N. B.; 23, S.; --, - Woburn; Dec. 21, '63; one of those detailed to bear old colors to - Boston and receive new ones; as Corp. d. April 12, '65, Washington, - from wds. received Mar. 31, '65; had served in Co. F, Twenty-second - Massachusetts Volunteers. - - Doherty, Philip, b. Jan. 1, 1845, Ireland; 18, S.; currier, Woburn; - wd. and Pris. Aug. 18, '64; paroled Aug. 25, '64; M. O. May 15, '65; - d. California. - - Doherty, Peter, b. 1842, Ireland; 21, S.; japaner, Woburn; Aug. 22, - '62; wd. May 10, '64; d. May 19, '64, Washington. - - Doorley, James, b. July 21, 1823, Ireland; 33, S.; teamster, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 8, '64; dis. May 8, '65; d. Woburn. - - Downing, Jonathan P., b. April 20, 1835, Plymouth, N. H.; 27, M.; - butcher, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 10, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. - Oct. 16, 1894, Woburn. - - Drown, Samuel H., b. Woburn; (Corp.) 28, M.; japaner, Woburn; Aug. 22, - '62; dis. disa., April 27, '63; d. Mar. 3, 1871, Woburn. - - Duffy, Patrick, 22, S.; shoemaker, Stoneham; en. July 28, '62, and - des. same day. - - Earle, Anthony, 22, S.; clerk, Worcester; July 22, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. Jan. 5, '65, for commission as 2d - Lieut. Sixty-first Infty., also 1st Lieut.; M. O. July 16, '65. - - Eaton, Cyrus A., b. Dec. 13, 1824, Woburn; 38, M.; shoemaker, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 10, '64; d. from wds. May 29, '64. - - Eaton, Parker, b. April 28, 1826, Woburn; (Corp.), 35, W.; currier, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Jan. 24, 1912, Woburn. - - Edgecomb, Noah, b. 1818, Saco, Me.; 43, M.; carpenter, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; trans. Sept. 13, '63, to V. R. C.; d. Feb. 27, 1882, Woburn. - - Fairbanks, Amos H., 22, M.; clerk, Roxbury; July 16, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; trans. April 24, '65, to V. R. C.; M. - O. Aug. 11, '65. - - Finn, Michael, b. Jan. 7, 1846, Boston; 18, S.; baker, Woburn; Dec. 6, - '63; Pris. May 8, '64; d. Oct. 3, '64, Danville, Va. - - Flint, Thomas W., b. Nov. 28, 1844, Woburn; currier, Woburn; Aug. 22, - '62; M. O. June 2, '65; 1913, New Haven, Conn. - - Flynn, John, 30, M.; laborer, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; des. Sept. 7, '62. - - Foster, Irving, b. Sept. 3, 1841, Woburn; 20, S.; currier, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; k. June 18, '64; Petersburg; his comrades called him - "Old Honesty." - - Fowle, George E., b. July 4, 1837, Reading; 25, S.; carpenter, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; prom. Sergt.; pris. and escaped, Aug. 14, '64, Weldon - R. R.; prom. 2d Lieut., Jan. 15, '65; wd. Feb. 7, '65, Hatcher's Run; - dis. May 18, '65; carpenter and builder; Rep. in General Court, 1894 - and '95; 1913, Woburn. - - Garfield, Joseph W., b. Mar. 1, 1837, Waltham; (Mus.) 23, S.; - shoemaker, Lynn; detailed as Brigade Bugler, Aug. 22, '62; M. O. June - 2, '65; d. Oct. 1911, Lynn. - - Garrigan, John, 29, b. 1833, Ireland; 29, M.; currier, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; dis. disa., Oct. 26, '62; re-en. Tenth N. H.; d. Woburn. - - Gilcreast, John, b. July 31, 1833, Andover; (Sergt.); 29, M.; painter, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; 1st Sergt. May 6, '63; wd. May 10, '64; dis. on - account of wds., Feb. 28, '65; d. Nov. 4, 1911, Woburn. - - Gilligan, James R., 38, --; boot crimper, Weymouth; Dec. 10, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. disa., Dec. 10, '64. - - Gleason, Albert, b. June 1, 1845, Woburn; 18, --; --, Rappahannock - Station, Va.; Sept. 15, '63; in Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to - Thirty-ninth in name; he had been wd. June 18, '64, while in the - Thirteenth and his left arm was amputated; dis. May 16, '65; d. 1900, - Woburn. - - Harris, Otis S., b. April 12, 1844, Woburn; 18, S.; shoemaker, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 10, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Jan. 16, 1896, - Stoneham. - - Hemmenway, Elbert O., 29, S.; harness maker, Pittsfield; July 14, '63; - in Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; wd. May 4, '64; Pris. Dec. - 11, '64; d. Jan. 1, '65, Salisbury, N. C. - - Hooper, Samuel T., b. 1838, Athens, Ohio; (Corp.), 24, M.; currier, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '62; escaped about April 12, '65; - M. O. June 2, '65; d. Aug. 20, 1876, Woburn. - - Hoskins, Edward, b. Nov. 4, 1846; 18, S.; laborer, Woburn; Jan. 1, - '64; wd. May 10, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to Thirty-second and - M. O.; stationary engineer; 1913, Woburn. - - Hoskins, William H., b. 1841, St. Johns, N. B.; 21, S.; cabinet maker, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 10, '64; d. May 30, '64. - - Houghton, Edward J., b. 1843 Mobile, Ala., 19, S.; mariner, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; trans. to U. S. Navy, April 19, '64; Houghton, from the - Chicopee, was one of the party of 15 men who destroyed the Rebel Ram, - Albemarle, Oct. 24, '64, at Plymouth, N. C. Two were drowned, eleven - captured and Lieut. Cushing and Houghton escaped, though in different - directions; Congress voted medals of honor to all participating; July - 16, '65, the day before he was to receive his well earned reward, he - was killed at the Gosport, Va., Navy Yard, while trying to befriend - a comrade in an altercation. The medal so highly prized is in the - possession of relatives in East Boston. - - Howard, Henry, b. July 17, 1826, St. Johns, N. B.; 36, M.; shoemaker, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; dis. disa., July 6, '63; later, Co. B, - Fifty-ninth Infty.; d. Sept. 3, '64, Long Island, N. Y. - - Hutchins, Samuel M., 21, S.; farmer, Carlisle; July 11, '63, in - Twelfth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence, March 15, '65, to V. - R. C.; dis. disa., Feb. 15, '65. - - Ingerson, Nathaniel, b. 1821, Andover; 41, M.; shoemaker, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; dis. disa., Nov. 13, '62; d. July 1899, Reading. - - Jones, William H., 31, M.; shoemaker, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. - 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Oct. 1, 1876, Woburn. - - Johnson, Charles H., b. Sept. 19, 1843; 18, S.; clerk, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; Corp. May 9, '63; M. O. June 2, '65; currier till 1891, then - appointed messenger of State Senate by Capt. J. G. B. Adams, and still - (1913) holds the place; residence, Woburn. - - Kingsbury, Charles H., b. Sept. 14, 1829, Billerica; 33, M.; pedler, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65. - - Lapurve, Alfred, 23, S.; seaman, Taunton; July 27, '63; Pris. Aug. 19, - '64; escaped April 25, '65; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Le Barron, William H., b. Oct. 4, 1845, Lexington; 19, S.; - ironfounder, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; M. O. June 2, '65; d. May 16, 1901, - Woburn. - - Leslie, Albert S., b. March 3, 1837, Exeter, N. H.; (Sergt.) 24, M.; - shoemaker, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; 1st Sergt. Feb. 3, '65; M. O. June 2, - '65; 1913, Los Angeles, Cal. - - Leslie, James Fred, b. Dec. 15, 1841; 21, S.; clerk, Woburn; wd. - slightly May 8 and 10, '64; severely injured June 18, '64; Pris. - Aug. 19, '64; paroled Oct. 9, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; watchmaker - and cabinet-maker in U. S. Navy Yard, Charlestown; Lieut. in State - Militia; assessor, almoner, Board of Overseers of the Poor; 1913, - Woburn. - - Libby, James C., b. 1826, Ossipee, N. H.; 36, M.; driver, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; wd. June 19, '64, Petersburg; trans. to V. R. C.; dis. June - 26, '65; d. Lawrence. - - Linscott, Andrew R., b. March 6, 1844; 18, S.; clerk, Woburn; Aug. 22, - '62; Corp. Nov. 30, '63; M. O. June 2, '65; teacher, alderman, rep. in - General Court; 1913, Woburn. - - Linscott, Charles F., b. Jan. 17, 1842, Woburn; (Corp.) 20, S.; clerk, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; dis. May 30, '64. for promotion One Hundred and - Twenty-eighth U. S. C. T.; d. 1912, Illinois. - - Linscott, George W., b. May 9, 1843, Woburn; 19, S.; clerk, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; M. O. June 2, '65; d. Boston. - - Linscott, Josiah P., b. April 25, 1845, Woburn; 18, S.; mariner, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; trans. Feb. 15, '64, to V. R. C.; dis. July 9, - '65; d. Fortune Island, Nov. 24, 1876. - - Lombard, Richard, b. July 24, 1828, Ireland; 33, M.; shoemaker, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; paroled March 20, '65; M. O. - June 2, '65; d. Boston. - - McCarthy, John, b. Aug. 22, 1827, Ireland; 35, M.; shoemaker, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 10, '64, and Feb. 7, '65; M. O. June 2, '65; d. - 1901, Togus, Me. - - McCarthy, Thomas, b. Oct. 1, 1839, Boston; 24, M.; shoemaker, Woburn; - Dec. 26, '63; wd. May 24, '64, No. Anna; trans. to Thirty-second, - thence to V. R. C. and dis. June 25, '65. - - McDevitt, William, b. Feb. 21, 1843, Woburn; (Sergt.) 19, S.; currier, - Woburn; wd. May 8, '64; 2d Lieut. Sept. 15, '64, for "gallant and - soldierly qualities"; vide Co. C. - - McFeeley, Samuel, b. May 25, 1842; 20, S.; carpenter, Woburn; Aug. 22, - '62; Corp. Feb. 16, '64; Sergt. March 13, '65, for having saved the - colors at the Weldon R. R. Aug. 19, '64; he was detailed to carry the - old regimental colors to the State House, Boston, and to receive the - new ones; M. O. June 2, '65; d. July, 1911, Illinois. - - McGoff, James, b. Dec. 24, 1838, Ireland; 25, M.; currier, Woburn; - Dec. 28, '63; wd. May 10, '64; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O.; d. - 1900, Woburn. - - McGuire, John, 21, --; shoemaker, Conway; Aug. 4, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; Pris. from Aug. 14, '64, to April 10, - '65; trans. to Thirty-second and M. O. - - McKenna, William, b. 1819, Ireland; 23, M.; shoemaker, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; des. May 25, '63. - - Mahony, Timothy, b. Feb. 22, Cork, Ireland; (Corp.) 41, M.; shoemaker, - Woburn; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. 1902, Woburn. - - Marran, Thomas, b. 1840, Ireland; (Wagoner) 24, M.; shoemaker, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. Oct. 24, '64, Annapolis, Md.; - also given Mason. - - Mason, Thomas, vide Marran. - - Mead, John A., b. July 4, 1842, Portland, Me.; 19, S.; student, Acton; - Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Oct. 10, '63, to March 18, '64, Raccoon Ford; M. - O. June 2, '64; d. Jan., 1891, Pearlington, Miss. - - Moore, Rufus C., 25, M.; shoemaker, Natick; Feb. 22, '62, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. Feb. 22, '65, ex. of s. - - Morrill, David W., 20, S.; farmer, Worcester; July 25, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to the Thirty-ninth; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. to - Thirty-second and M. O. - - Murray, Hugh, 44, S.; farmer, Wilmington; Aug. 22, '62; trans. March - 16, '64, to V. R. C.; dis. July 5, '64; d. Wilmington. - - Murray, Sylvester, b. 1841, Ireland; 21, S.; shoemaker, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; wd. May 8, '64; dis. disa., April 1, '65, from V. R. C.; d. - Woburn. - - Norris, Wilbur F., 28, M.; shoemaker, Natick; July 16, '61, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to V. R. C. April - 13, '65. - - O'Brien, William, b. June 14, 1832, Ireland; 29, M.; mariner, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 10, '64; dis. June 2, '65; d. March 14, '66, - Woburn. - - O'Connor, Cornelius, b. July 18, 1845, Ireland; 18, S.; currier, - Woburn; Dec. 29, '63; wd. May 14, '64; trans. to V. R. C.; M. O. Aug - 12, '65. - - O'Donald, Edward, b. Aug., 15 1827, Ireland; 35, M.; laborer, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, to March 20, '65; dis. June 2, '65; - d. Woburn. - - O'Donald, Owen, 33, M.; teamster, Boston; Aug. 22, '62; des. Sept. 6, - '62. - - O'Riley, John, b. Ireland; 35, M.; laborer, Woburn; Aug. 2, '62; - trans. Jan. 9, '64, to V. R. C.; Feb. 19, '64, returned to Co. K; - Pris. May 8, '64; recaptured next day; wd. June 17, '64, Petersburg; - wd. April 1, '65, Five Forks; M. O. June 27, '65; d. Dec. 4, 1904. - - Parker, T. Marvin, b. Feb. 25, 1838, Lebanon, Me.; (Corp.) 24, W.; - clerk, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; trans. to V. R. C.; dis. July 14, '65; - salesman and bookkeeper; 1913, Woburn. - - Parker, Theodore M., b. Nov. 6, 1841, Woburn; 20, S.; mason, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; wd. Aug. 18, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; 1913, Woburn. - - Parks, Charles T., b. 1825, Cambridge; 37, M.; currier, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; dis. disa., May 2, '64; d. June 24, '70, Woburn. - - Parks, Peter, Jr., b. 1829, Marblehead; 33, M.; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. - Aug. 19, '62; d. Jan. 28, '65; Salisbury, N. C. - - Persons, Herbert J., b. June 29, 1845, Woburn; 18, S.; clerk, Woburn; - Dec. 23, '63; orderly to General Henry Baxter; trans. to Thirty-second - and M. O.; also given "Pearsons"; d. Woburn. - - Persons, Oscar, b. Sept. 8, 1838, Woburn; (1st Sergt.) 24, S.; - silversmith, Woburn; 2d Lieut. Feb. 4, '63; vide Co. D; had been in - Co. I, Fifth M. V. M., 3 mos. term, 1861. - - Phillips, Charles A., 25, M.; shoemaker, Auburn; July 25, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence, Aug. 6, '64, to V. - R. C. - - Pollard, George F., b. 1841, Charlestown; 21, S.; clerk, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; Corp.; missing after May 8, '64, Laurel Hill; his friends say - "killed." - - Poole, Rufus F., b. Feb. 23, 1839, Woburn; 23, S.; shoemaker, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; M. O. June 2, '65; 1913, Woburn. - - Ramsdell, Julius F., b. Oct. 29, 1845, Lynn; 18, S.; currier, Woburn; - Dec. 13, '63; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; trans. Thirty-second Infty. and M. - O.; d. Oct. 1909, Woburn. - - Reddy, George H., b. Nov. 5, 1845; Boston; 18, S.; stiffening-cutter, - Woburn; Dec. 26, '63; wd. May 10, '64; trans. to Thirty-second Infty. - and M. O. - - Reed, Moses D., b. Jan. 22, 1834, Burlington; 28, M.; shoemaker, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; d. March 8, '65, Annapolis, - Md. - - Reger, Henry B., 26, S.; seaman, Boston; Oct. 22, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Richardson, Albert H., b. Aug. 17, 1843, Woburn; 18, S.; diemaker, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 10, '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64; M. O. June - 2, '65; d. May 12, 1909, Woburn. - - Richardson, Alonzo L., b. Aug. 30, 1846; 18, S.; butcher, Woburn; Dec. - 29, '63; trans. to Thirty-second Infty. and M. O.; d. Nov. 23, 1909, - Woburn. - - Richardson, Samuel, Jr., b. May 23, 1833, Woburn; 29, M.; carpenter, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; prom. Corp.; detailed July 25, '63, for duty - at Draft Rendezvous, Gallup's Island, Boston Harbor, till Aug. 13, - '64; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, Weldon R. R.; d. March 23, '65, Parole Camp, - Annapolis, Md. - - Rogers, Charles, 24, M.; Oct. 22, '63, in Twelfth Infty.; wd. May 6, - '64; trans. to Thirty-second Infty. and M. O. - - Roland, Miles, b. 1840, Ireland; 22, S.; coachman, Woburn; Aug. 22, - '62; wd. June 17, Petersburg; d. a prisoner Dec. 15, '64, Salisbury, - N. C.; borne in State House as Rowland. - - Sanborn, Orin, b. April 6, 1836, Exeter, N. H.; 26, M.; gaspipe-maker, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; Corp.; May 1, '64; M. O. June 2, '65; d. May, - 17, 1880, Woburn. - - Sawyer, Augustus T., b. 1826, Brooks, Me.; 36, M.; printer, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; k. May 10, '64, Laurel Hill. - - Scott, Charles, b. 1833, Barnet, Vt.; 29, M.; carpenter, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; d. a prisoner Oct. 16, '64, Salisbury, N. C. - - Searles, Loring, b. March 19, 1827, New Ipswich, N. H.; 36, M.; - (Corp.) shoemaker, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; M. O. June 2, '65; d. May 14, - 1902, Woburn. - - Shaw, William L., 36, M.; mechanic, Lowell; July 15, '63, in Twelfth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and M. O. - - Sheehan, John H., b. Oct. 22, 1845, Boston; 18, S.; teamster, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 10, '64; wd. and Pris. Aug. 19, '64; paroled - March 20, '65; dis. May 25, 1865; for 45 years brakeman and conductor - on Erie R. R.; in 1909, chief burgess, Borough of Matamoras, Penn.; - 1913, Matamoras, Penn. Of late the name appears as Sheen. - - Sheehan, Timothy, b. 1818, Ireland; 44. M.; carpenter, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; d. March 10, '64. - - Sheen, J. H., vide Sheehan. - - Silver, Manual, 32, S.; seaman, Yarmouth; Jan. 28, '63, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. disa., Sept. 12, '64. - - Smith, Frederick M., b. Sept. 19, 1839; 23, S.; trader, Woburn; Aug. - 22, '62; dis. disa., Feb. 16, '65; first fifteen years photography, - later mercantile life; 1913, Portland, Me. - - Spokesfield, Ferdinand, b. April 16, 1844; 18, S.; farmer, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; wd. and pris. Aug. 18, '64; M. O. June 20, '65; - expressman, Boston, till 1899; City Hall watchman, Worcester, to date; - 1913, Worcester. - - Spontroz, Augustus, 25, S.; tailor, Boston; July 24, '63, in - Thirteenth Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth, thence to Thirty-second and - M. O. - - Sprague, George A., b. Dec. 5, 1846; 18, S.; shoecutter, Woburn; Dec. - 23, '63; d. Oct. 26, '64, a prisoner, Salisbury, N. C. - - Staggles, William E., b. Oct. 24, 1844, Johnson, Vt.; 19, S.; barber, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; dis. disa., May 5, '63. - - Staples, Howard A., 21, --; --, Boston; Feb. 24, '62, in Thirteenth - Infty.; trans. to Thirty-ninth; dis. Feb. 23, '65. - - Stowers, William C., b. March 26, 1845, Woburn; 18, S.; printer, - Woburn; Feb. 25, '64; trans. to Thirty-second Infty. and M. O.; d. - Nov. 13, 1866, Woburn. - - Tabor, Newell Z., b. May 22, 1833, Barton, Vt.; 30, M.; japaner, - Woburn; Jan. 5, '64; wd. May 10, '64; trans. to Thirty-second and M. - O.; had been in Co. G, Fifth M. V. M., 9 mos. term, 1862-'63; d. Dec. - 23, 1900, Woburn. - - Thompson, Abijah 2d, b. May 22, 1823; (Corp.) 39, M.; trader, Woburn; - Aug. 22, '62; was captured at the Weldon R. R. and compelled to throw - down his gun; luckily for him, he and his captors were taken in by the - boys in blue; when selecting a gun from the many scattered about, he - was the first to welcome back his comrade, George Fowle; Sergt. Feb. - 3, '65; M. O. June 2, '65; dry goods and clothing clerk in Boston; - 1913, Woburn, by far the oldest survivor of the Regiment. - - Waite, Silas, b. 1846, Anson, Me.; 26, S.; farmer, Woburn; Aug. 22, - '62; k. May 8, '64. - - Walker, Lewis M., b. Sept. 30, 1844, Beverly; 19, S.; shoemaker, - Woburn; Jan. 5, '64; wd. June 18, '64, Petersburg; d. June 30, '64, - Alexandria, Va. - - Warren, Benjamin F., b. Jan. 18, 1839, Woburn; 23, M.; carpenter, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; d. Dec. 26, '63; Culpepper, Va. - - Warren, William P., b. July 22, 1836, Woburn; 26, M.; shoemaker, - Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; wd. May 5, '64, Wilderness; Pris. Aug. 19, '64, - recaptured next day; Corp. Feb. 3, '65; M. O. June 2, 65; never missed - a whole day with Regiment; 1913, Woburn. - - West, Francis, 22. M.; farmer, Westford; Jan. 21, '64; d. July 25, - '64, City Point, Va. - - Wilson, Orville A., b. June 15, 1838, Bennington, Vt.; 24, M.; - shoemaker, Woburn; Aug. 22, '62; dis. disa., Oct. 23, '63. - - Wilson, James, 35, M.; hostler, Charlestown; Aug. 22, '62; dis. disa., - March 4, '63; d. Dec. 20, 1890, Togus, Me. - - Wolfe, Adam, 23, S.; cigar-maker, Attleborough; July 24, '63; trans. - to Thirty-second Infty. and M. O. - - -UNASSIGNED RECRUITS - - Bate, Wallace H., 23, M.; plumber, Melrose; July 16, '63; drafted man, - trans. Sept. 27, '64, 102d Co., 2d Batt. V. R. C.; dis. July 14, '65. - - Blanchard, Wm. F., 23, S.; seaman, Boston; trans. from Thirteenth - Mass. Infty. July 16, '64, in which he had en. Jan. 4, '64; dis. Aug. - 16, '64, for promotion, 2d Lieut. Co. F, Twenty-seventh U. S. C. T.; - 1st Lieut. Co. A of the 27th, April 6, '65; dis. Sept. 21, '65. - - Buhl, Peter, 22, S.; sailor, Boston; July 20, '63; N. F. R. - - Cooley, James, 35, --; cordwainer, Natick; en. Jan. 4, '64; rejected - recruit, Jan. 17, '64. - - Cooley, Michael, 27, --; cordwainer, Natick; Jan. 7, '64; des. Feb. 7, - '64. - - Fitzgerald, James, 34, --; tailor, Charlestown; Dec. 2, '63; dis. - disa., Dec. 20, '63. - - Griffins, George W., 25, --; laborer, Barnstable; Jan. 29, '64; - rejected recruit, Jan. 31, '64. - - Hersey, Harrison D., 18, --; clerk, Chelsea; Feb. 18, '63; in Twelfth - Infty.; captured May 5, '64, and held till April 28, '65; in the - interval he was trans. to the Thirty-ninth; never joined; M. O. Aug. - 2, '65. - - Hyatt, James, 29, --; barber, Medford; Feb. 6, '64; des. April 2, '64. - - Jeffers, George W., 25, M.; shoemaker, Haverhill; July 15, '63; trans. - from the Twelfth Mass. Infty.; N. F. R. - - Jordan, Frank, H., 18, --; blacksmith, Boston; rejected recruit, Jan. - 31, '64. - - Kelly, Thomas, 21, --; hostler, No. Bridgewater; Aug. 14, '63; trans. - from 12th Infty.; N. F. R. - - Kling, Caspar, 32, M.; cigar-maker, Weymouth; Aug. 4, '63; trans. from - the 13th Infty.; N. F. R. - - Murray, George, 18, --; glass-polisher, Woburn; Jan. 5, '64; rejected - recruit. - - Oakley, Frank, 32, S.; machinist, Truro; July 28, '63; trans. from - 13th Infty.; N. F. R. - - Sawyer, George, 22, S.; farmer, Medford; Feb. 17, '62; trans. from - 13th Infty.; N. F. R. - - Tevlin, Michael, 22, --; glass-cutter, Somerville; Nov. 28, '63; - rejected recruit, Dec. 17, '63. - - Wall, Richard, 29, --; ship carpenter, Medford; Jan. 14, '64; rejected - recruit, Jan. 7, '64. - - Williams, John, 1st, 33, S.; carpenter, Groton; July 27, '63; N. F. R. - - Zindel, Adolph, 45, S.; jeweller, Hanson; Aug. 3, '63; trans. from - Twelfth Infty.; N. F. R. - - * * * * * - -As a fitting postlude to this list of more than fourteen hundred -names, borne by as many soldiers, brave and true, four-fifths of -whom have passed within the veil, and whose final resting-places are -annually remembered by their surviving comrades with loving tributes -of beautiful flowers; after these more than fifty years is it not -eminently fitting to enter here words of the gallant leader of the -Regiment, its beloved Colonel, spoken by him on Memorial Day-- - - _The Day of Roses and wreaths, of Laurel and leaves of love and honor - and happy memories, not of sorrow or sadness or regrets. No colors - half-mast for them. Glory throws the banner to the breeze. All hail, - dear Comrades! You left us with a smile; we will join you with the - same expression, and meanwhile will keep a festival for you and call - it Memorial Day. You won in the last charge. Duty triumphed. You were - given that firm faith that knows no fear. Living or dying, you cared - not which, you offered your all for the Cause. The Cause was the - succor of your country. You saved it. We will protect it, and with the - blessing of God upon us both, we will hand it down as a home for the - world to envy, and to occupy.--C. L. Peirson._ - - - - -TABLE OF AGGREGATES. - -(Taken, in the main, from Higginson's "Massachusetts in the Army and -Navy, 1861-'65.") - - - Key: - - A=Whole No. Belonging - - B=Killed or Died of Wds. - - C=Died in Rebel Prisons - - D=Died by Accident or of Disease - - E=Deserted - - F=Missing - - A B C D E F - - F. & S. - - Officers 12 2 .... .... .... .... - Enlisted Men 13 .... .... .... .... .... - - Co. A - - Officers 4 .... .... .... .... .... - Enlisted Men 130 5 10 4 2 1 - - Co. B - - Officers 3 1 .... .... .... .... - Enlisted Men 142 5 11 7 3 3 - - Co. C - - Officers 5 .... .... .... .... .... - Enlisted Men 133 7 10 7 1 2 - - Co. D - - Officers 4 .... .... .... .... .... - Enlisted Men 137 4 16 14 2 .... - - Co. E - - Officers 5 .... .... .... .... .... - Enlisted Men 140 6 15 6 3 1 - - Co. F - - Officers 5 1 .... .... .... .... - Enlisted Men 132 6 6 3 3 .... - - Co. G - - Officers 3 .... .... .... .... .... - Enlisted Men 129 4 11 8 9 .... - - Co. H - - Officers 5 .... .... .... .... .... - Enlisted Men 131 9 5 11 5 3 - - Co. I - - Officers 4 .... .... .... .... .... - Enlisted Men 144 7 7 14 0 1 - - Co. K - - Officers 5 1 .... .... .... .... - Enlisted Men 128 8 11 9 2 1 - - Unassigned - recruits 21 .... .... .... 2 .... - - ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- - 1436 66 102 83 32 12 - -For the sake of those who may observe that, in the several companies, -there were more commissioned officers than are numbered in the -foregoing list, it should be stated that the same officer frequently -served in more than one company, by transferral or temporary -assignment. The list has the same officer's name only once. - - - - -INDEX - -The following index is intended to contain the name of every man, -in any way connected with the Regiment; those of others encountered -during the nearly three years of service; also the events and -incidents of individual as well as common experience. Titles in small -capitals indicate heads of the several divisions of the history and, -in enumerating regiments from the different states, full faced type -represents the number of the organization, other the page. - - - A BACKWARD MOVE, 110 - - Abbot, Emil N. L., 256 - - Abbott, J. B., 390 - - Abbreviations, 331 - - Adams, F. D., 342 - - Adams, Geo. E., 354 - - Adams, Geo. F., 403 - - Adams, J. Q., 15 - - Adams, Joseph, 251, 415 - - Adams, J. C., 437 - - Age Data, 331 - - Ahearn, Thos., 379 - - Aitken, Sam'l, 342 - - Alden, A. M., 379 - - Alden, H. A., 379 - - Alden, Wm. F., 367 - - Alexander, E. K., 437 - - Alexander. Wm., 403 - - Alexander, Surg., 144 - - Alexandria, 31, 157 - - Allen, Col. I., Jr., 168 - - Allen, J. M., 390 - - Allen, Lewis, 12 - - Allen, Wm. L., 437 - - "All Fools' Day", 64, 156 - - Allison, Jos., Jr., 173, 334 - - Alsop's Farm, 180, 187 - - Alley, C. Q., 367 - - Amelia Ct. House, 288 - - Ames, John, 343 - - Amsden, J. A., 390 - - Ammunition Getting, 190 - - Anderson, Gen'l. R. H., 163, 178, 187, 210 - - Andersonville, 112, 319 - - Andrews, Geo. A., 354 - - Andrews, Tim., Jr., 343 - - Andrew, John A., 7, 8, 9, 10, 25, 231 - - Annapolis, 299 - - Anniversary, 100 - - Anthony, Sylvanus, 403 - - Antietam, 36, 37, 84, 86, 87 - - Applejack, 266 - - Apples from Woburn, 58 - - Appomattox Ct. H., 290, 291 - - Arlington, 32, 294 - - Armstrong, J. L., 379 - - Army & Navy Journal, 242 - - Army Corps Rearranged, 153 - - Army Correspondents sent off, 215 - - Arnold, E. L., 354 - - Arnold, Wm. Jr., 354 - - Arris, Herbert, 426 - - Aqueduct Bridge, 35 - - AT THE FRONT, 83 - - Austin, C. B., 403 - - Avery, Michael, 450 - - Ayers, Gen'l. R. B., 290 - - - Babb, Mark, 437 - - Babbitt, C. E., 403 - - Babbitt, F. S., 403 - - Babbitt, G. H., Jr., 403 - - Backup, J. B., 354 - - Bacon, J. W., 21 - - Bacon, Jon., 437 - - Bacon, Jonas, 450 - - Badger, Ezra, 380 - - Badger, Geo. H., 343 - - Baggage Wagons get up, 213 - - Bailey, C. C., 415 - - Bailey, C. T., 380 - - Bailey, J. W., 415 - - Baker, Fred'k, 245, 426 - - Baker, Wm. A., 390 - - Balcom, Oscar, 438 - - Baldwin, John, 367 - - Baldwin, M. B., 450 - - Ballou, Chas. H., 367 - - Ball's Bluff, 9, 37 - - Baltimore, 28, 30 - - Bancroft, Maj. A., 324 - - Bancroft, Albert, 450 - - Bancroft, Geo. W., Jr., 343 - - Bangs, Wm. W., 438 - - Banks, Gen'l. N. P., 47, 151, 324 - - Bannon, Jas., 415 - - Barbarity of Men, 103 - - Barber, Rev. Mr., 12 - - Barden, J. P., 223, 343 - - Barker, A. H., 426 - - Barker, Geo. A., 379, 380 - - Barker, G. W., 426 - - Barker, O. A., 324, 337, 340, 366(2), 403 - - Barker, Wm. S., 367 - - Barnard, D. A., 367 - - Barnard, Henry, 343 - - Barnes, C. H., 403, 438 - - BARNES' STORY, CORP. C. H., 319-322 - - Barnes, W. L., 403 - - Barrett, A. P., 4, 5, 324, 325, 450 - - Barrett, W. I., 426 - - Barrett, W. T., 450 - - Barnum, G. D., 404 - - Barney, Hor., 415 - - Barrows, Geo. L., 404 - - Barry, Benj., 380 - - Barry, P. H., 380 - - Bartlett, A. D., 354 - - Bartlett, Gen'l., J. J., 290 - - Bartlett, J. L., 354 - - Bartlett, W. H., 390 - - Bartoll, Wm. H., 426 - - Barton Square, 247 - - Bass Point, 325, 329 - - Batchelder, Benj. A., 343 - - Batcheller, H. M., 354 - - Batcheller preaches, 58 - - Bate, W. H., 463 - - Bates, C. E., 415 - - Bates, H. W., 367 - - Battle Losses, 268 - - Bates, Loren, 415 - - Baxter, Geo. M., 367 - - Baxter, Thos., Jr., 380 - - Beal, Jesse N., 438 - - Beals, Wm. H., 438 - - Bealton Station, 93, 114, 125 - - Bean, Geo. W., 112, 390 - - Bean, Thos., 343 - - Beard, A. W., 324 - - Beck, J. S., 4, 5, 152, 166, 195, 209, 230, 240, 325, 367 - - Becker, Ferd., 380 - - Beirne, Jas., 368 - - Belcher, John, 343 - - Belding, C. H., 390 - - Bell, Major, 96 - - Bell, Jas. H., 354 - - Bellfield, 266 - - "Bell Hats", 89, 94 - - Belling, J. D., 55, 154 - - Bemis, W. S., 343 - - Bennett, A. B., 355 - - Bennett, H. M., 355 - - Benz, August, 390 - - Berlin, 88 - - Bergeson, Jas., 426 - - Bertwhistle, J. F., 380 - - Bessom, E. A., 343 - - Betagh, Jas., 404 - - Bethesda Church, 209 - - Betts, C. R., 355 - - Bigelow, Chief Jus., 15 - - Bigelow, C. O., 438 - - Big Muddy Branch, 35 - - Bird, Joel E., 427 - - Bird, John, 415 - - Billings, E. W., 426 - - Bills, Walter M., 355 - - Birney's Corps, D. B., 42, 168 - - Bispham, J. D., 438 - - Blackberries, 90, 91 - - Blacks and Whites, 293 - - Blaisdell, J. O., 343 - - Blake, Dan. P., 355 - - Blanchard, B. P., 427 - - Blanchard, W. F., 427, 463 - - Blanchard, Wm. H., 368 - - Blanding, D. W., 415 - - Blauvelt, Jas., 344 - - Bledden, T. G., 390 - - Blenker, J. J., 438 - - "Bloody Angle", 195 - - Bloomer, Jos. N., 344 - - Boardman, Alf., 404 - - Bodge, Geo. A., 390 - - Bodge, Geo. W., 390 - - Bolton, J. T., 391 - - Boodry, Geo. J., 344 - - Booker, Geo. D., 368 - - Boonsboro, 84 - - Bond, Dudley, 368 - - Borden, C. P., 404 - - Boston, 19 - - Boston Herald, 225 - - Boston Journal, 27 - - Bottom's Bridge, 215 - - Bouldry, W. W., 427 - - Bounty, State, 25 - - Bounty-jumper Shot, 108, 109 - - Boutwell, Asa, 450 - - Bowen, E. J., 427 - - Bowen, S. C., 368 - - Bowker, E. H., 344 - - Boxes from Home, 102, 134, 135 - - Boxford, 18, 24 - - Boxford to Washington, 26 - - Boyden, S. A., 438 - - Boydton Plank Road, 261, 280 - - Boynton, Wm. F., 391 - - Brace, Dr., 58 - - Brackett, W. P., 380 - - Braddock, Wm., 404 - - Bradley, Lieut., 141 - - Bradley, G. C., 391 - - Bradley, T. H., 450 - - Bradshaw, Elb., 427 - - Bradshaw, Zeb., 326, 427 - - Braithwaik, Thos., 438 - - Brandy Station, 104 - - BRANDY STATION, 124 - - Brannagan, John, 450 - - Bread, Fresh, 64 - - Breathed's Battery, 184 - - Breck, E. F., 416 - - Brennan, Jas., 344 - - Brett, Chas. G., 344 - - Brewster, C. W., 404 - - Brigade Organized, 44 - - Briggs, A. M., 355 - - Briggs, B. M., 368 - - Briggs, Col. H. S., 82, 83, 84, 94, 95, 96 - - Briggs, Preserved, 404 - - Brigham, A. M., 438 - - Brigham, E. H., 21, 22, 319, 323, 436 - - Bright, Wm., 416 - - Bristoe Station, 113, 115, 116 - - Brizzee, Lorenzo, 404 - - Broad Run, 121 - - Brock Road, 163, 179 - - Broderick, Jas., 416 - - Bronsdon, F. H., 427 - - Brookings, A. W., 438 - - Brooks, A. F., 416 - - Brooks, Wm., 438 - - Brophy, John, 380 - - Brown, Alvin G., 450 - - Brown, C. H. C., 416 - - Brown, Edwin, 489 - - Brown, George, 355 - - Brown, Geo., 427 - - Brown, F. P., 344 - - Brown, Jas., 391 - - Brown, John, 82, 84 - - Brown, Sam'l, 380 - - Brown, Wm. H., 22, 437(2) - - Brown, W. P., 3; - at Hatcher's Run, 273, 450 - - Brotchie, Jas., 391 - - Brummitt, J. M., 439 - - Brun, John, 404 - - Brunel, Jos., 427 - - Bryant, F. M., 451 - - Bryant, R. L., 355 - - Bucknam, 391 - - Buford, Gen'l John, 103, 111 - - Buhl, Peter, 463 - - Bullard, Asahel, 380 - - Bull Run, 12, 117 - - Bullens, C. A., 439 - - Bullens, L. S., 439 - - Burk, Walter, 380 - - Burke, Carl, 355 - - Burke, Chris., 427 - - Burkeville, 289, 293 - - Burnham, Dan., 344 - - Burnham, Eli H., 344 - - Burnham, Geo. S., 344 - - Burnham, Geo. W., 344 - - Burnham, J. H., 187, 344 - - Burnham, Wilbur, 344 - - Bunker, Benj., Jr., 368 - - Burns, Major, 329 - - Burns, Jas., 355 - - Burns, Wm. H., 381 - - Burnside, Gen'l A. E., 163, 167, 193, 236 - - Burt, H. A., 404 - - Bush, Chas., 451 - - Busha, Stephen, 368 - - Bushnell, Chas., 381 - - Butler, Gen'l. B. F., 143, 219 - - Butler, Benj. F., 344 - - Butler, Asst. Surg., J. F., 338 - - Butler, Moses, 451 - - Butterfield, C. B., 439 - - Butterfield, J. C., 439 - - Butters, W. R., 416 - - Byrnes, John, 391 - - - Cady, David, 451 - - Caldwell, C. F., 368 - - Camp Davis, 54 - - Camp E. M. Stanton, 11, 12, 23, 25 - - Camp Grover, 48 - - Camp Nordquist, 109 - - CAMPAIGN OF MANEUVERS, 113 - - "Campaigning with Grant", 283 - - Camp-vim, 111 - - Campbell, Allen, 381 - - Canal Break, 44 - - Canfield, J. B., 391 - - Cannon, Captured, 171 - - Cannon Sent Back, 201 - - Canteens of Whiskey, 234 - - Capitol, 30 - - Captives Come Back, 207 - - Carhart, J. B., 439 - - Carhart, Henry, 439 - - Carleton, Wm., 355 - - Carlin, T. B., 416 - - Carney, John, 404 - - Carpenter, A. D., 451 - - Carr, Bernard, 427 - - Carr, R. S., 368 - - Carr, Wm. M., 391 - - Carr, Jas. C., 439 - - Carroll, John, 428 - - Carter, C. L., 391 - - Carter, Calvin, 428 - - Carteze, Geo., 381 - - Casey, Silas, 31 - - Cassidy, John, 356 - - Caswell, Porter, 439 - - Catoctin Creek, 88 - - Cattle Cars, 29 - - Cattle Raided, 258 - - Cattle Stampede, 169 - - Catlett's Station, 115, 122 - - Cavalry Active, 158 - - Cavalry Raid Down Weldon R. R., 265 - - Cedar Mt., 151 - - Cedar Run, 151, 158 - - Centreville, 116 - - Chaffin, J. W., 368 - - Chain Bridge March, 73, 78 - - Chamberlain, D. O., 439 - - Chamberlain, Gen'l. J. L., 278, 291 - - Chamberlain, Maj. S. E., 75 - - Chambersburg, 41 - - Champlin, G. H., 368 - - Champney, L. C., 391 - - Chancellorsville, 77 - - Change to Artillery, 109, 110 - - Channel, J. F., 345 - - Chapel Dedicated, New, 144, 147 - - Chapin, C. H., 356 - - Chaplain Preaches, 59 - - Chaplain Rejoins Reg't, 88 - - Chapman, C. H., 5, 20, 339, 414 - - Chapman, T. B., 416 - - Charles City Ct. H., 218 - - Charlottesville, 151 - - Chase, A. J., 428 - - Chase, John, 451 - - Chase, S. C., 439 - - Chase, T. H., 416 - - Chase, Wm., 428 - - Chattanooga, 129 - - Cheatham, J. B., 381 - - Chesapeake & Ohio Canal, 37 - - Cheeney, Wm., 368 - - Cheney, G. W., 225 - - Chenery, G. W., 368 - - Chessboard of War, 114 - - Chickahominy, 212 - - Child, Henry, 416 - - Childs, E. J., 428 - - Childs, F. J., 428 - - Childs, Geo., 18, 25, 405 - - Childs, J. F., 356 - - "Chimneys, The", 258 - - Chipman, A. A., 416 - - Chipman, Asst. Surg., J. L., 338 - - Choate, E. H., 439 - - Choate, Edward, 22 - - Choate, W. M., 451 - - Christian, J. B., 381 - - Christmas, '62, 54; - '63, 135; - '64, 268 - - Chubbuck, Eleazer, 416 - - Church-bell, 55 - - Churchill, G. A., 369 - - Churchill, Jas. T., 416 - - Churchill, Thad., 381 - - "City of New York", 27 - - City Point, 235, 247, 271 - - City Point Explosion, 239 - - Claffey, John, 428 - - Clapp, C. W., 417 - - Clapp, Geo. L., 369 - - Clapp, M. O., 369 - - Clark, G. A., 392 - - Clark, Wm. H., 428 - - Clarke, T. C., 339, 354, 356, 389 - - Clemmens, Jas., 392 - - Cleverly, Geo. F., 381 - - Clifford, J. A., 345 - - Clothing Allowance, 100 - - Clough, Wm. H., 439 - - Clumsy Christians, 247 - - Cochran, Matt., 405 - - Cochrane, Geo., 417 - - Coffin, P. G., 381 - - Colbath, C. E., 439 - - Colbath, Geo. A., 440 - - Colburn, Wm. E., 381 - - Cold Nights, 133 - - Cole, C. G., 392 - - Cole, Chas. H., 405 - - Coles, A. W., 392 - - Colby, F. E., 451 - - Colby, N. G., 451 - - COLD HARBOR, 209 - - Cold Harbor Assault, 212 - - Cole, A. M., 440 - - Cole, Geo. W., 345 - - Coleman, Perry, 15, 145, 366 - - Colgate, C. H., 452 - - Collett, Herbert, 392 - - Collier, Geo. W., 381 - - Collins, J. J., 369 - - Collins, Michael, 381 - - Collins, Pat., 428 - - Collins, Wm., 440 - - Colored Troops, 240 - - Colors, Regimental, 252 - - Combs, E. N., 428 - - Company A, 12 - - " B, 13, 37, 173 - - " C, 14, 26, 37, 59, 91, 130, 132, 139 - - " D, 15, 37 - - " E, 16, 25, 26, 86, 112, 130, 159 - - " F, 17, 25, 39, 59, 132 - - " G, 19, 37, 95 - - " H, 20, 142, 206 - - " I, 21, 48 - - " K, 22, 25, 26, 37, 43, 49, 60, 139, 14 - - Conant, Edward, 345 - - Conant, Sher., 440 - - Conn. C. K., prison item, 317, 324, 339, 414, 426, 452 - - Conn. Troops, 1st H. Arty., 257 - - Connell, John, 417 - - Conner, Thos., 392 - - Connoly, Hugh, 48, 452 - - Conrad's Ferry, 37, 40, 41, 55 - - "Construction Corps", 51 - - Converse, C. S., 324 - - Conway, Pat., 405 - - Cook, Thos., 440 - - Cooledge, Chas. H., 369 - - Cooley, Jas., 463 - - Cooley, Michael, 463 - - Cooper, J. J., 17, 18, 281, 324, 401 - - Cooper, Newell, 440 - - Cooper, Thos., 440 - - Cooper Refreshment Rooms, 28 - - Corcoran, Geo., 428 - - "Corporal, The Little", 267 - - Corporal's Prank, The, 74 - - Corrigan, Thos., 417 - - Corthell, John, 417 - - Cotter, E. A., 405 - - Cotter, John, 381 - - Cottrell, Jeff. J., 187, 345 - - Cottrell, J. W., 345 - - Coughlin, Owen, 369 - - Coulter, Gen'l Rich, 174, 202, 259 - - Cowan, Thos., 417 - - Cowper, John, 381 - - Crafts, Wm. G., 356 - - Craig, C. H., 429 - - Cramptons Gap, 88 - - Crane, J. P., 324 - - Crane, J. T., 429 - - Crane, Seth, 381 - - "Crater", 224, 236 - - Crawford, Gen'l S. W., 153, 195, 213, 255, 260 - - Creedon, John, 392 - - Crockett, E. F., 369 - - Creswell, John, 417 - - Critcherson, Jos., 440 - - Cronan, Dan., 356 - - Cronan, Jere., 452 - - Crooker, Lucius, 405 - - Crosby, Elk., 392 - - Crowley, Dan., 392 - - Cub Run, 117 - - Culpeper Court House, 96, 104, 151, 155 - - Culpeper Mine Ford, 128, 129, 155 - - Cummings, J. A., 405 - - Cummings, Hon. John, 325 - - Cunningham, E. B., 345 - - Cunningham, Martin, 356 - - Curran, Edw., 440 - - Curran, John, 345 - - Currell, H. G., 369 - - Currier, C. P., 440 - - Currier, Jos., 440 - - Curry, Rob't, 452 - - Curtin, Gov. And., 245 - - Cushing, H. H., 369 - - Cushing, J. M., 369 - - Curtis, Albert, 382 - - Curtis, Henry, 382 - - Curtis, J. M., 145, 356 - - Custer, Gen'l, 151, 288 - - Cutler, Gen'l L., 195, 199 - - Cutter, B. P., 369 - - Cutter, Geo., 392 - - - Dabney's Mills, 272 - - Dahlgren, Col., 150 - - Dailey, E. W., 392 - - Dailey, John, 356 - - Dailey, Michael, 429 - - Daily Schedule, 103 - - Dakin, Abel F., 440 - - Daley, Dan., 382 - - Daley, Garrett, 382 - - Daly, James, 356 - - Damon, A. J., 417 - - Damon, C. E., 429 - - Damon, Edw., Jr., 382 - - Dana, D. E., 429 - - Danbenmayer, C., 417 - - Daniels, G. N., 405 - - Daniels, R. S., 13 - - Danville, 293 - - Darling, E. B., 345 - - Darnstown, 66 - - Darksville, 41 - - Darren, Geo. W., 382 - - Davis, Amos F., 392 - - Davis, Chas. A., 441 - - Davis, Chas. E., 214 - - Davis, E. S., 356 - - Davis, F. E., 441 - - Davis, G. C., 356 - - Davis, Isaac, 9 - - Davis, Jeff., 237 - - Davis, Jeff., at Church, 287 - - Davis, John, 429 - - Davis, Gen'l J. R., 163 - - Davis, Col. P. S., 25, 26, 29, 38, 43, 47, 48, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, - 63, 64, 66, 70, 89, 95, 96, 98, 100, 109, 112, 134, 137, 144, - 145, 146, 147, 149, 152, 156, 157, 182, 194, 201, 221, 225; - death of, 229, 232, 234, 270; - sketch of life, 333 - - Davis, Rob't., 149 - - Davis's Wife Comes, Col., 61 - - Dawsonville, 66 - - Day, J. D., 417 - - Day, John, 405 - - Dean, A. J., 405 - - Dean, E. C., 369 - - Dean, E. L., 405 - - Dean, Geo. W., 452 - - Dean, Jos. G., 452 - - Dean, Josh. H., 452 - - Dean, S. D., 345 - - Dean, Wm. E., 405 - - Dean, W. F., 417 - - Deatonville, 289 - - Deep Bottom, 240 - - DeForrest, S. D., 382 - - Delany, J. M., 417 - - Delphin, Jas., Jr., 405 - - Dennett, Geo. H., 340, 452 - - Dennett, R. M., 452 - - Dentistry, 239 - - Depot of Supplies, 93 - - Derby, Alden, 382 - - Derry, B. B., 382 - - Deserters Hung, 101 - - Devens, Chas., 9 - - Devines, D. S., 356 - - Dickens, Chas., 164 - - Dickerman, C. C., 382 - - Digner, Rich., 356 - - Digs His Own Grave, 245 - - Dimond, John, 429 - - Dinwiddie Co. Ct. H., 220, 272, 282 - - Dodge, Albert H., 392 - - Dodge, H. A., 345 - - Dodge, J. P., 345 - - Dodge, W. G., 417 - - Dodge, Wm. H., 392 - - Doherty, Peter, 453 - - Doherty, Philip, 453 - - Doherty, Wm., 406 - - Donley, Jas., 382 - - Doody, John, 429 - - Dooner, John, 382 - - Doorley, Jas., 453 - - Dorchester, 20 - - Dow, Albert F., 369 - - Dow, Benj. H., 130, 214 - - " rides horseback, 234, 370 - - Downer's Landing, 322 - - Downing, Jon. P., 453 - - Doyle, Pat., 357 - - Doyle, Thos., 382 - - Doyle, Wm. A., 345 - - Draper, C. W., 357 - - Dress Coats Sent Away, 152 - - Dress Parade, First in Dixie, 33, 92 - - Drew, C. F., 441 - - Drill, Excellent, 70 - - Driscoll, Chas., 429 - - Drown, Sam'l H., 453 - - Drury, Chas. A., 382 - - Dudley, Chas., 357 - - Duffy, Patrick, 453 - - Dunbar, Rob't, 406 - - Dunn, Anton, 383 - - Dunn, Chas., 429 - - Durgin, Jon., 383 - - Dushuttle, H. L., 370 - - Dusseault, J. H., 4, 117, 125, 169, 188, 189, 193, 210, 216, 229, - 232, 234, 244, 248, 329, 392, 426 - - Dutch Reb. Lieut., 300 - - Dutton, D. F., 441 - - Duty on the Potomac, 53 - - Dyer, Chas. E., 370 - - Dyer, Jon. C., 392 - - Dyer, L. R., 346 - - Dyer, S. D., 357 - - - Eames' Story, Sergt. J. H., 296-299, 323, 325, 370 - - Earle, Anthony, 453 - - Earle, Wm. H., 417 - - Early, Jubal A., 126, 132, 210, 228 - - Eaton, Cyrus A., 453 - - Eaton, Parker, 453 - - Echibach, Louis, 441 - - Eckenroth, C. H., 441 - - Edgecomb, Noah, 453 - - Edlefson, C. E., 393 - - Edmands, Thos., 357 - - Edward's Ferry, 37, 53 - - Egyptian Darkness, 199 - - Eighteenth Corps, 209 - - Eischman, John, 346 - - Ela, E. P. C., 383 - - Eldridge, Prince, Jr., 346 - - Elktown, 123 - - Eleventh Army Corps Goes West, 105 - - Elliot, A. L., 418 - - Elliot, G. A., 418 - - Ellicott's Mills, 30 - - Elliott's Salient, 236 - - Ellis, Benj. J., 370 - - Ellis, C. J., 429 - - Ellis, D. W., 346 - - Ellis, H. C., 370 - - Elms, C. O., 408 - - Elwell, D. R., 416 - - Ely's Ford, 150, 160 - - Emerson, Sam'l, 393 - - Emmitsburg, 41 - - Endicott, I. B., 441 - - Engine on City Point R. R., 258 - - Ensminger, John, 406 - - Ernest, Anet, 357 - - Esip, Francis, 441 - - Euderle, Jos. L., 383 - - Evans, Wm., 441 - - Evans, Wm. S., 346 - - Evans' Brigade, 291 - - Ewell, Gen'l R. S., 126, 163, 210 - - "Eyes & Ears", 184 - - - F. F. V.'s, 90, 103 - - "Fagged Out Men", 199 - - Fairbanks, A. H., 453 - - Fairchild, W. C., 393 - - Falling Waters, 86 - - Fannon, John, 346 - - Farmville, 293 - - Farnham, Col. A. B., 324 - - Farrar, G. A., 222, 393 - - Farren, Jas., 429 - - Farrington, D. S., 429 - - Fast Day, '63, '64, 156, 238 - - Fauquier Co., 92 - - Fay, E. P., 21 - - Fay, Walter, 393 - - February 29, 150 - - Felch, H. F., 5, 145, 341, 389(2), 402, 441 - - Felch, Ira H., 441 - - Felch, Wm. F., 441 - - Felker, S. O., 393 - - Fellows, C. C., 393 - - Fence-Rail Raid, 46 - - Fence-Rails Used, 43 - - Ferguson, John, 429 - - Ferrero, Gen'l Edw., 240 - - Field, Wm., 346 - - FIELD AND STAFF, 333 - - Fifth Army Corps, 88, 101, 124, 160; - at Five Forks, 283; - in pursuit, 287 - - "Fight It Out On This Line", 195 - - Findell, Adolphus, 406 - - Fineran, Pat., 383 - - Fink, John, 429 - - Finn, J. W., drowns, 48, 441 - - Finn, Michael, 454 - - Fire in the Wilderness, 176 - - FIRST ANNIVERSARY, 102 - - First Army Corps, 94, 104, 110, 113, 115, 123 - - First Mail, 201 - - Fish, H. F., 346 - - Fish, I. H., 430 - - Fisher, A. J., 357 - - Fisher, R. H., 430 - - Fishing for Discharge, 60 - - Fisk, Marion E., 370 - - Fiske, John E., 442 - - Fitcham, C. E., 393 - - Fitzgerald, Jas., 464 - - Fitzgerald, Mat., 418 - - Fitz, Thos. D., 430 - - Fitzgerald, Wm., 418 - - Five Forks, 280, 283 - - Fizzell, Jas., 357 - - Flag Presentation, 26 - - Flanagan, Anthony, 357 - - Fletcher, J. M., 370 - - Fletcher, T. M., 370 - - Flinsky, Leon, 393 - - Flint, Jas. F., 346 - - Flint, Thos. W., 454 - - Flood, Thos., 393 - - Flynn, D. B., 346 - - Flynn, John, 454 - - Fobes, J. H., 430 - - Fogg, G. L., 48, 442 - - Fogg, Jos., 346 - - Foley, Michael, 442 - - Follin, John, 430 - - Food, Prices of, 99 - - "Foot Cavalry", 265 - - Foraging, 38 - - Forbes, J. E., 383 - - Ford, C. E. H., 418 - - Fort Albany, 32, 294 - - Fort Canahey, 261 - - Fort Davis, 234, 238, 240, 262 - - Fort Duchesne, 256 - - Fort Fisher, 258 - - Fort Gaines, 67 - - Forts Hell and Damnation, 224, 232, 262 - - Fort Howard, 269 - - Fort McGilvery, 223 - - Fort McRea, 260 - - Fort Mahone, 224, 240 - - Fort Reno, 67 - - Fort Sedgwick, 224, 234, 240, 260 - - Fort Steadman, 223, 275, 276 - - Fort Stevens, 228 - - Fort Tillinghast, 33 - - Fort Warren, 228 - - Fort Wadsworth, 269 - - Forts About Washington, 34 - - Foster, Henry, 346 - - Foster, Irving, 454 - - Foster, Jacob, 418 - - Fowle, Geo. E., 5, - Tells Story of Weldon R. R., 250, 324, 454 - - Fowler, T. W., 383 - - Fox, Terrance L., 370 - - Fox's Book, 203 - - Frahm, Louis, 357 - - Frederick, B. B., 357 - - Frederic Junction, 81 - - Fredericksburg Pike, 200 - - Fredericksburg (battle), 52, 72 - - Freeman, C. F., 442 - - Freeman, J. C., 383 - - Freeman, W. H., 347 - - Freeman's Bridge, 265 - - French, B. W., 418 - - French, C. E., 418 - - French, Chap. E. B., 64, 144, 146, 232, 238, 338 - - French, Geo. L., 430 - - French, Sergt. H. C., shot, 300, 418 - - French, J. T., 383 - - French, Gen'l W. H., 113, 127 - - Fretchie, Barbara, 81 - - Fuller, John E., 393 - - Funkstown, 85 - - - Gage, Geo. W, 371 - - Gainesville, 121 - - Gallagher, Edw., 358 - - Garnett, seized, 152 - - Gammon, R. T., 430 - - Garfield, Jos. W., 454 - - Garfield, Wm. H., 442 - - Gardner, E. P., 323, 436 - - Gardner, Geo. D., 418 - - Garrigan, John, 454 - - Garvere, Pat, 383 - - Gaston, Wm., 13 - - Gavin, Pat. H., 383 - - Gay, Abram S., 406 - - Gay, Geo. W., 406 - - Gen'l ---- and His Pills, 233 - - Georgetown College, 67 - - Geouggenheimer, S., 430 - - Germanna Ford, 127, 160 - - Gerrish, Tim, 430 - - Gettysburg, 41, 77 - - Gibbs, J. K., 149, 347 - - Gifford, C. E., 383 - - Gilbert, H. E., 371 - - Gilcrease, E. H., 394 - - Gilcreast, John, 454 - - Giles, J. J., 17, 389 - - Gill, A. L. B., 371 - - Gillard, Thos. H., 371 - - Gilligan, J. R., 454 - - Girls in Keystone State, 28 - - Give and Take, 261 - - Gleason, Albert, 454 - - Gleason, Edw, 371 - - Gline, David, 430 - - Glines, A. R., 418 - - Glines, Col. Edw., 5, 329 - - Glines, Fred. A., 5, 239; - dies 303, 394 - - GLINES' DIARY, CORP. F. A., 299-303 - - "Go In", 237 - - Goodhue, L. K., 394 - - Goodhue, M. C., 430 - - "Good Marnin', Kurnel!", 63 - - Goodwin, Chas. M., 347 - - Goodwin, Thos., 418 - - Goose Creek, 91 - - Gordon's (J. B.), Corps, 292 - - Gordon, H. F., 358 - - Gordon, O. S., 371 - - Gordon, T., 17 - - Gorham, David, 394 - - Gorman, Michael, 418 - - "Go to Blazes", 247 - - Gould, Chas., 347 - - Gould, J. F., 383 - - Gould, Wm. A., 347 - - Gourley, Sam'l, 442 - - Graham, W. F. C., 394 - - Graham, W. W., 14, 173, 323, 353 - - Grand Review, 294 - - Graff, Fred'k, 371 - - Grant, Edw. L., 394 - - Grant, Fred., 155 - - Grant, Gen'l, 80, 153, 155, 160, 190, 214, 215, 227, 237, 240, 261; - gets medal, 275; - word to Lincoln, 287; - letter to Lee, 290 - - Gravelly Run, 278, 279 - - Graves, Austin, 371 - - Gray, Dexter, 245, 394 - - "Great Eastern", 28 - - Great Falls, 48 - - Greeley's American Conflict, 168 - - Green, J. T. B., 442 - - Green, J. W., 358 - - Gregg, Gen'l, 103, 257, 259, 265 - - Griffin, Gen'l Chas., 170, 199, 290 - - Griffins, Geo. W., 464 - - Griffin, Jon. F., 442 - - Grimmons, Hon. C. A., 329 - - Groton, 27 - - Grove Church, 124 - - Grover, Cuvier, 44, 47 - - Grover, H. C., 406 - - Grover, J. O., 430 - - Groves, Geo. D., 383 - - Grumbling, 112 - - Guerrillas, 91 - - Guilford, J. O., 347 - - Guiney, Lt. Col., 15 - - Gunning, John, 358 - - Guppy, Geo. F., 347 - - Gurley House, 277 - - Gushee, S. M., 406 - - - Hadley, E. B., 394 - - Hafford, John, 394 - - Hagan, Pat., 394 - - Hale, E. M., 394 - - Haley, Jas. T., 371 - - Hall, Benj. J., 406 - - Hall, Benning, Jr., 21, 442 - - Hall, Eben A., 57, 407 - - Hall, Daniel, 406 - - Hall, R. W., 57, 188, 403 - - Hall, Geo. W., 407 - - Hall, Maj. Isaac, Tells of Hatcher's Run, 272 - - Hall, Sam'l, 418 - - Hall's Hill, 42 - - Halleck, Gen'l H. W., 80, 293 - - Ham, H. A., 358 - - Ham, H. W., 418 - - Hamilton, 90 - - Hamford, Wm., 407 - - Hammond, C. F., 443 - - Hampton, Sam'l, 347 - - Hampton, Wade, 41 - - Hampton's Legion, 42 - - Hancock, Henry, 443 - - Hancock, Gen'l W. S., 168 - - Hanley, J. H., 395 - - Hanson, C. W., 339, 347, 366, 389(2), 426 - - Hanson, F. K., 419 - - Hanson, H. C., 383 - - Harburn, W. M., 395 - - Harding, Wm., 371 - - Harlow, G. R., 395 - - Hardy, Isaac, 13 - - Hardy, Simon, 443 - - Harper's Ferry, 81, 84, 88 - - Harris, A. B., 407 - - Harris, Otis S., 455 - - Harris, S. B., 224, 430 - - Harris Farm, 203 - - Harrington, John, 384 - - Harrison's Island, 37, 42 - - Hart, Michael, 371 - - Hartshorn, E. B., 371 - - Harvey, Hosp. Stew., F., 340 - - Harvey, J. A., 323, 325 - - Harvey, Wm. F., 407 - - Hassam, F. F., 20 - - Haskell, A. S., 347 - - Haskell, C. F., 371 - - Haskell, W. J., 395 - - Hatch, E. B., 372 - - Hatch, Geo. C., 419 - - Hatch, Geo. H., 395 - - Hatch, Grafton, 419 - - Hathaway, H. R., 372 - - Hathaway, J. A., 407 - - Hathaway, N. F., 372 - - Hathaway, R. C., 372 - - Hatcher's Run, 261, 272, 274 - - Havre de Grace, 29 - - Hayden, J. W., 384 - - Hayden, Josiah, Jr., 384 - - Hayden, Wm., 384 - - Hayden, Z. M., 419 - - Haymarket, 120, 121 - - Haynes, A. S., 419 - - Hayes, E. P., 419 - - Hayes, Daniel, 443 - - Haynes, J. P., 384 - - Hays, Alex., Killed, 166 - - Hayward, Paul, 443 - - Hazelton, B. L., 384 - - Hazelton, Warren, 443 - - Healey, S. C., 431 - - Heat and Cold, 99 - - Heath, A. J., 372 - - Hebard, H. J. A., 347 - - Hegner, A. P., 347 - - Heidenway, D., 52, 358 - - Heinzelman, Gen'l, 44, 80 - - Hemmenway, E. O., 455 - - "Helter-skelter" March, 123 - - Henderson, O. F., 431 - - Henry, A. R., 347 - - Henry, Daniel, 145, 358 - - Henry, Michael, 431 - - Hersey, Alfred, 419 - - Hersey, Geo. L., 419 - - Hersey, Geo. W., 384 - - Hersey, H. D., 464 - - Hepworth, Geo. H., 147 - - Hervey, J. A., 372 - - Heth, Gen'l. H., 163 - - Hewett, J. G., 407 - - Hicks, Wm. L., 358 - - Higgins, Jesse, 53, 57 - - Hill, B., Jr., 22 - - Hill, Daniel G., 431 - - Hill, Gen'l A. P., 126, 163, 210 - - Hill, Gilman L., 431 - - Hill, Geo. A., 395 - - Hill, J. M., 419 - - Hill, John, Jr., 384 - - Hill, Joseph, 431 - - Hilton, Com. Sergt. L. W., 340 - - Hilton, Wm. L., 348 - - Hingham, 19 - - Hixon, Sergt. L. W., 229 - - Hobbs, J. J., 384 - - Hodges, Col., 14 - - Hoey, Michael, 443 - - Hoey, Thos., 443 - - Holbrook, F. W. D., 372 - - Holbrook, S. P., 358 - - Holliday House, 281 - - Holloway, I. N., 407 - - Holmes, Geo., 431 - - Holmes, R. T., 431 - - Homeward Bound, 295 - - Hooker, Gen'l, 72, 79, 153 - - Hooker's Question, 42 - - Hooper, S. T., 455 - - Horgan, Cornelius, 384 - - Horgan, P. D., 395 - - Horton, H. B., 407 - - Horton, J. E., 5, 238; - dies, 306, 395 - - HORTON'S DIARY, CORP. J. E., 303-306 - - Hosea, I. F. R., 15, 366, 389 - - Hoskins, Edw., 455 - - Hoskins, Wm. H., 455 - - Hospital Erected, 143 - - Hospital Train, 183 - - Houghton, E. J., 455 - - House-building, 1864, 139 - - Howard, E. F., 358 - - Howard, Henry, 455 - - Howard, Gen'l O. O., 105 - - Howard, W. L., 395 - - "How Are You, Boxford?", 55 - - "How Are You, Rosey?", 108 - - Howe, Henry, 112 - - Howland, B. L., 408 - - Howley, Thos., 384 - - Hoyt, M. C., 372 - - Hubbell, J. P., 372 - - Huggins, A. H., 358 - - Hughes, Jas., 384 - - Humphreys, Gen'l, 238, 244 - - Hunt, C. N., 21, 425 - - Hunter, Gen'l D., 228 - - Hunt, Sylvester, 431 - - Hunter, Jas., 358 - - Hunter, R. L., 358 - - Hunter, Rob't, 187 - - Hunting, Willard, 348 - - Huntress, Elijah, 384 - - Huntress, T. H., 384 - - Hutchins, John, 15, 99, 112, 323, 365 - - Hutchins, S. M., 456 - - Hutchins, S. W., 419 - - Hutter, John, 395 - - Hyatt, Jas., 464 - - Hyattstown, 41 - - Hyde, J. R., 112 - - Hyde, R. J., 395 - - Hyde, T. L., 396 - - Hyland, Albert, 419 - - - Illumination, 294 - - Ingerson, Nat'l, 456 - - Ingraham, Col. T., 24 - - IN REBEL PRISONS, 296 - - IN THE BEGINNING, 7 - - IN VIRGINIA, 89 - - Ireland, Edwin, 198, 372 - - Ireland, H. A., 198, 372 - - - Jackson, "Stonewall", 82, 151 - - Jackson, Wm. H., 419 - - Jacobs, Wm. H., 419 - - Jacob's Mills, 127 - - Jarratt's Station, 266 - - Jeffers, Geo. W., 464 - - Jefferson, Thos., 82, 151 - - Jenkins, Albert, 431 - - Jenkins, Gen'l M., 171 - - Jennings, J. E., 443 - - Jennison, C. W., 443 - - Jepson, S. G., 373 - - Jericho Ford, 205 - - Jersey City, 28 - - Jerusalem Plank Road, 231, 232, 265, 267 - - Jetersville, 289 - - Jewett, Col. A. B., 57; - his commission, 65 - - Jewett, J. G., 408 - - "John Brown Fort", 82 - - Johnson, Chas. H., 456 - - Johnson, David, 431 - - Johnson, Geo., 348 - - Johnson, John, 372 - - Johnson, Mort., 396 - - Johnson, Wm., 432 - - Johnson, Mayor, 325 - - Johnson's Corps, Col. Ed., 196 - - Johnston, "Joe", 171, 274 - - Johnston's Surrender, 293 - - Joining Potomac Army, 80 - - Jones, Asa L., 348 - - Jones, Geo. W., 420 - - Jones, C. G., 396 - - Jones, Chas. S., 420 - - Jones, Daniel L., 431 - - Jones, Col. E. F., 24, 25 - - Jones, Gen'l J. M., 171 - - Jones, Llewellyn, 431 - - Jones, Nathan, 443 - - Jones, Obadiah, 373 - - Jones, Wm., 359 - - Jones, Wm. H., 408 - - Jones, Wm. H., 456 - - Jordan, F. H., 464 - - Jordan, J. F., 396 - - Jordan, T. W. D., 432 - - Joyce, Alfred, 373 - - Joyce, H. S., 373 - - Joyce, S. W., 91, 373 - - Joyce, Winslow, 373 - - July 4th, '63, 79; - '64, 227 - - - Kane, D. S., 408 - - Kanily, Daniel, 384 - - Kearney, Phil, 42 - - Keedysville, 87 - - Keep, Wm. J., 385 - - Kellar, Balt., 408 - - Kelley, John, 359 - - Kelley, Thos., 432 - - Kelly, Edward, 359 - - Kelly, Jas., 385 - - Kelly, John, 385 - - Kelly, T. P., 396 - - Kelly, Thos., 464 - - Kelly, Wm., 408 - - Kelly, Wm. B., 408 - - Kelly's Ford, 112, 113, 124, 129, 133 - - Kemp, N. S., 443 - - Kendrick, C. C., 373 - - Kendrick, David, 396 - - Kendrick, E. T., 373 - - Kenneston, E. F., 396 - - Keniston, Wm. H., 432 - - Kennedy, John, 420 - - Kennedy, John, 396 - - Kenyon, Major, 60 - - Kerr, John, 432 - - Kettle Run, 121 - - Kilby St., 247 - - Killduff, Jas., 359 - - Killed and Wounded, 264, 274 - - Kilpatrick, Gen'l, 103 - - Kilpatrick's Raid, 150 - - Kimball, C. W., 432 - - Kimball, E. F., 432 - - King, A. F., 443 - - King, Edw., 408 - - Kingsbury, C. G., 385 - - Kingsbury, C. H., 456 - - Kimmings, F. M., 396 - - Kinsley, F. R., 17, 145, 159, 231, 254, 262; - sketch of life, 337, 389 - - Kinsley, W. C., 17, 145, 146, 189, 220, 245; - wounded, 281; - comes back, 293, 389, 425, 449 - - Killridge, J. N., 385 - - Kling, Caspar, 464 - - Knapp, C. P., 348 - - Knapp, Geo. L., 408 - - Knapp, L. S., 408 - - "Knapsack Drill", 59 - - Knapsacks from Arlington, 39; - from Funkstown, 100 - - Kraetzer, J. F., 348 - - - Ladd, Lieut., 26 - - Ladd, Edward, 396 - - Lady in Camp, 142 - - Landers, Dan., 432 - - Land of Desolation, 205 - - Landgreve, Geo., 359 - - Landrum House, 199 - - Lane, H. A., 409 - - Lane, Gen'l J. H., 163 - - Lange, Jas., 373 - - Langley, S. A., 432 - - Lapurve, Alfred, 456 - - Laurel Hill, 191-193 - - Lawler, J. A., 409 - - Lawless, Maurice, 420 - - Lawrence Light Guard, 14 - - Lawrence, Gen'l S. C., 15, 330 - - Leach, E. C., 420 - - Leach, R. M., 359 - - Laahy, Jeremiah, 409 - - Leavitt, Maj. A. D., 117, 118, 137, 198 - - Leavitt, C. F., 385 - - Leavitt, H. W., 420 - - LeBarron, D. J., 443 - - LeBarron, W. H., 456 - - Ledwith, John, 359 - - Lee, Edward, 348 - - Lee, Fitz Hugh, 41 - - Lee, Rob't E., 32, 84, 113; - letter to wife, 119, 210, 237; - would interview Grant, 275; - surrender, 291 - - Lee House, R. E., 239 - - Leesburg Pike, 37 - - Leighton, H. B., 145, 146, 340 - - Lendall, S. N., 420 - - Leonard, H. F., 409 - - Leonard, Col. S. H., 122, 129, 136, 144, 151, 170 - - Leonard, W. E., 409 - - Leroy, Chas., 420 - - Leslie, Albert S., 456 - - Leslie, J. F., 43, 116, 324, 456; - ruse, 318 - - LESLIE'S RUSE, J. F., 318 - - Levins, Morris, 396 - - Lewis, E. H., 5, 359 - - Lewis, Jas., 420 - - Lewis, Jos., 373 - - LEWIS, DIARY, CORP. E. H., 306-308 - - Libby, Jas. C., 456 - - Libbey Prison, 293 - - "Libeller of the Press", 215 - - Licking Run, 125 - - Life in Camp, 23 - - Lilley, R. G., 444 - - Lincoln, B. C., 420 - - Lincoln, Dan., 409 - - Lincoln, Pres., 7, 70, 77, 96, 237, 270; - reviews Fifth Corps, 277; - enters Petersburg, 288; - killed, 293 - - Lincoln, Col. W. S., 76 - - Lines, Daniel, 149, 432 - - Ligontown Ferry, 289 - - Linscott, A. R., 324, 457 - - Linscott, C. F., 457 - - Linscott, G. W., 457 - - Litchfield, O. V., 373 - - Littlefield, G. H., 444 - - Littlefield, H. B., 385 - - Livermore, L. D., 348 - - Livingston, Rob't, 373 - - Locke, John F., 53, 118, 148, 325, 329, 396 - - LOCKE'S RECOLLECTIONS, J. F., 308-317 - - Lockwood, Gen'l H. H., 209, 213 - - Loker, Jas. D., 359 - - Lombard, J. P., 457 - - Long, John D., 324 - - Long Bridge, 31 - - Long Bridge on the James, 213, 216 - - Longstreet to the West, 103, 163, 166, 172 - - Loring, A. A., 432 - - Loring, A. M., 432 - - Lothrop, A. A., 432 - - Lovett, Wash., 112, 397 - - Loyalty in Poolesville, 56 - - Lunt, Theo. H., 385 - - Luzarder, J. M., 385 - - Luzarder, Moses, 385 - - Lyle, Col. Peter, 94, 96, 100, 168, 170, 213, 215, 217, 255, 263 - - Lyman, Col. Theo., 178, 193 - - Lynch, John, 444 - - Lynnfield, 11, 13, 24, 326, 329 - - McArthur, Peter, 349 - - Macaulay, 164 - - McAuliffe, Sam'l, 444 - - McCaffrey, Jas., 444 - - McCann, John, 420 - - Macarty, E. H., 359 - - McCarthy, Eugene, 432 - - McCarthy, John, 385 - - McCarthy, John, 397 - - McCarthy, John, 457 - - McCarthy, Thos., 457 - - McClearance, Arch., 409 - - McCoy, Col. T. F., 156, 201, 232, 255 - - McCoy, F. R., 256 - - McCoy's Ford, 41 - - McDermott, B. E., 373 - - McDevitt, Wm., 366(2), 457 - - McDonald of "B", 187 - - McDonald, Geo., 359 - - McDonald, Geo. F., 397 - - McDonald, John, 360 - - McDowell, Gen'l, 151, 153 - - McFarland, S. G., 409 - - McFarland, Wm., 433 - - McFeeley, Sam., 457 - with the colors, 252 - - McGaken, R. T., 433 - - McGee, Jas., 374 - - McGlone, Michael, 385 - - McGoff, Jas., 458 - - McGuire, John, 458 - - McGurdy, Alex., 397 - - McJunkin, Sam'l, 397 - - McKenna, Wm., 458 - - McKenzie, Alfred, 12 - - Mackenzie, Dan., 360 - - McLain, C. W., 444 - - McLaughlin, Lieut., 16 - - McLaughlin, M., 374 - - McLean, Wilmer, 291 - - McNall, Geo., 397 - - McNamara, B., 374 - - McNaughton, M., 420 - - McNeil, Wm. C., 360 - - McNulty, Thos., 360 - - McPherson, J. J., 360 - - McQuade, John, 397 - - Madison, Ct. House, 151 - - Mahall, John, 374 - - Mahan, Pat., 385 - - Mahone, Jas., 385 - - Mahone, Gen'l Wm., 163, 236, 253 - - Mahony, Tim., 458 - - Mail arrival, 39, 43 - - Mail-wagon stopped, 66 - - Maine Troops, =1= H. Arty., 203, 221, 226; - =16= Reg't, 33, 94, 96, 108, 117, 137, 155, 158, 175, 195, 238, - 248, 251, 270; - =23=, 44, 47, 53 - - Makell, Chas., 433 - - Makepeace, N. G., 409 - - Maltese Cross, 246 - - Manassas Gap R. R., 120 - - Manchester, 293 - - Mangohick Church, 208 - - Mann, F. E., 48, 444 - - Manning, J. A., 374 - - Mansfield, W. O., 349 - - Marran, Thos., 458 - - Marsden, Jos., 385 - - Marsh, W. W., 444 - - Marshall, J. P., 239 - - Marteau, Ludovic, 349 - - Martindale, Barracks, 68 - - Martindale, John H., 68, 80 - - Martinsburg, 41 - - Marty, Jacob, 433 - - Maryland, 29 - - Maryland Farms, 38 - - Mason, Thos., 458 - - Mason, Wm. W., 409 - - Masonic Lodge, 144, 146, 152, 234 - - MASONIC LODGE, 145 - - Mass. Troops, =1=, 218; - =2=, 43; - =4=, 19; - =5=, 14, 17; - =8=, 82, 83, 89, 94; - =12=, 94, 122, 183, 224, 230; - =13=, 32, 210, 233; - =15=, 36; - =18=, 24; - =19=, 36; - =20=, 36; - =34=, 76, 79, 81, 83; - =35=, 24; - =37=, 87; - =38=, 24; - =48=, 82, 83, 89; - =51=, 82, 83, 88; - =9= Batt., 233; - =10= Batt., 55, 124, 205; - =11= Batt., 75; - 1ST H. A., 202-3 - - Matrimonial prank, 225 - - Maxfield, Hiram, 325 - - Maxwell, John, 239, 349 - - Maxwell, J. H., 433 - - May Day, '65, 158, 293 - - Mead, Alf., 444 - - Mead, J. A., 458 - - Meade, Gen'l Geo. G., 85, 100, 113, 126, 127, 159, 167, 278, 293 - - Meade, J. K., 112 - - Mears, R. E., 349 - - Mears, Sam'l, Jr., 349 - - Medford, 14, 324, 329 - - Meeting House Hill, 20 - - Melton, J. L., 360 - - Melville Gardens, 322 - - Mentzell, Herman, 349 - - Mentzer, M. H., 5, 186, 349 - - Mentzer, Wm. A., 5, 185, 187, 252, 279, 349; - at Five Forks, 286 - - Merrifield, J. A., 339, 349, 402 - - Merrifield, Jos. A., 353, 354, 379 - - Merrill, Franklin, 444 - - Merrill, Steph., 444 - - Merritt, B. F., 374 - - Merrett, J. H., 397 - - Merritt, J. S., 397 - - Messenger, C. W., 445 - - Meston, P. D., 374 - - Metzger, Mr., 56 - - Michigan Cav., 6th, appears, 60 - - Middleburg, 90 - - Miles, E. P., 349 - - Miller, Chas. H., 386 - - Miller, Geo. L., 386, 420 - - Miller, H. F., 421 - - Millett, G. C., 433 - - Millett, J. H., 433 - - Milliken, Jas., 349 - - Milner, T. K., 360 - - Mills, Clark, 68 - - Mills, Edwin, 323, 339, 342, 397 - - Mills, J. R., 445 - - Minard, N. C., 421 - - Mine Explosion, 236, 238 - - MINE RUN, 126 - - Mitchell, Edw., Jr., 409 - - Mitchell, F. A., 360 - - Mitchell, Ass't Surg., H. H., 338 - - Mitchell, I. H., 5, 182, 279, 349, 350 - - Mitchell, Nathan, 409; - dies, 35 - - Mitchell, S. H., 194, 230, 350 - - Mitchell, T. O. H., 374 - - Mitchell's Station, 135 - - MITCHELL'S STATION, 136 - - Mohan, T. P., 360 - - Monahan, Mich., 445 - - Monk, G. W., 5, 433 - - Monk, Rob't, 5, 433 - - Monocacy, 41 - - Monroe, C. E., 409 - - Monroe, Jas., 360 - - Monticello, 151 - - Moore, C. H., 445 - - Moore, H. B., 22 - - Moore, R. C., 458 - - Moore, Sidney, 360 - - Moran, Jas., 397 - - Moran, Pat., 386 - - Mordo, J. A., 421 - - Morgan, E. D., 8 - - Morgan, John, 360 - - Moriarty, John, 386 - - Morey, Raphael, 445 - - Morrill, D. W., 458 - - Morse, B. G., 350 - - Morse, Curtis, 445 - - Morse, D. F., 350 - - Morse, Hen. M., 445 - - Morse, Hor. B., 445 - - Morrison, C. H., 48, 445 - - Morrison, J. H., 433 - - Morrison, I. T., 374 - - Morrison, S. H., 386 - - Morristown, 123 - - Morton, Wm. S., 15 - - Morton's Ford, 110, 127 - - Moses, Geo. F., 14, 360 - - Mott, Gen'l G., 258 - - Moulton, G. W., 445 - - Moulton, H. W., 13, 337 - - Moulton, O. H., 445 - - Moulton, Wm. J., 350 - - Morrill, R. W., 445 - - Moving again, 43 - - Moynihan, John, 386 - - Muddy Branch, 44 - - Mulberry trees, 221 - - Mullen, Patrick, 350 - - Mulligan, H. C., 5 - - Mulligan, Simon, 5, 22, 323, 436 - - Murdock, Geo., 421 - - Murphy, Jas., 350 - - Murphy, Jas., 445 - - Murphy, Thos., 360 - - Murphy, Thos., 421 - - Murray, Geo. H., 386 - - Murray, Geo., 464 - - Murray, Hugh, 458 - - Murray, M. A., 386 - - Murray, Pat., 361 - - Murray, Syl., 458 - - Murray, Thos., 397 - - Murray, Thos., 433 - - Musket and Shovel, 164 - - Myers, Geo., 398 - - Myers, Wm., 350 - - - Namozine, 288 - - Nantasket, 325, 329 - - Nashville Victory, 268 - - Natick, 21, 323, 325, 328, 329 - - National Fast, 72 - - Naylor, A. C., 410 - - Neal, J. S., 421 - - Neerwinden, 164 - - Nelson, Geo. S., 13, 145, 254, 262, 340 - - Nelson, John, 386 - - Nelson, Wm., 410 - - Newcomb, Capt., 15 - - Newcomb, H. A., 386 - - Newcomb, H. G. O., 386 - - Newcomb, I. T., 386 - - Newcomb, Levi, 421 - - Newell, J. H., 398 - - N. E. Relief, 295 - - Newhall, F. E., 48, 445 - - New Market, 41 - - Newton, B. S., 433 - - Newton, Gen'l John, 83, 86, 127, 142, 153, 154 - - New Hampshire Troops, =14=, 44, 47, 48, 53, 58, 62, 65, 71, 75, 79 - - New Jersey, Through, 28, 295 - - New York Troops, =9=, 201, 262; - =83=, 214; - =94=, 94, 96, 121; - =97=, 252; - =104=, 94, 96, 156, 238; - =111=, 262; - =141=, 198, 169, 68; - =2d=, =3d=, =7th= H. Art,. 203 - - Nichols, John, 16 - - Nichols, W. G., 350 - - Nichols, W. L., 410 - - Nightingale, Fred'k, 386 - - Nightingale, Sam'l, 386 - - Ninth Corps, 167, 169, 193, 206, 236 - - Noble, J. A., 361 - - Nolan, Patrick, 361 - - NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF, 339 - - Norris, W. F., 458 - - NORTH ANNA RIVER, 204 - - Northey, G. A., 398 - - Northey, W. H., 374 - - Norton, F. F., 434 - - Nottaway River, 261, 265 - - Nute, Jos., 361 - - Nutting, Albion, 350 - - Ny River, 199 - - - Oak cut down by bullets, 196 - - Oakley, Frank, 464 - - O'Brien, Dan., 398 - - O'Brien, Dennis, 446 - - O'Brien, Thos., 398 - - O'Brien, Tim., 386 - - O'Brien, Wm., 459 - - O'Connor, Cornelius, 446, 459 - - O'Donald, Edw., 459 - - O'Donald, Owen, 459 - - O'Hara, Pat., 421 - - O'Neil, Henry, 398 - - O'Riley, John, 459 - - O'Sullivan, John, 398 - - O'Sullivan, Thos., 421 - - Odiorne, Wm., 398 - - Offutt, Mr., 49 - - Offutt's Cross Roads, 47 - - O. & A. R. R., 93, 95, 104, 135 - - Oliver, F. J., 112, 398 - - Oliver, J. W., 112, 325, 398 - - On the March, 34 - - Orange Court House, 128, 162 - - Ord, John, 421 - - Ord, Gen'l E. O. C., 283, 291 - - "Order Arms!", 70 - - Order of Corps at Cold Harbor, 211 - - Order No. 26, 10 - - Ordway, L. E., 350 - - Osborn, A. W., 374 - - Osborne, Dr. Geo., 12 - - Osborne, Paul, 350 - - Otta, Antone, 398 - - - Packard, S. C., 350 - - Packer, States, 410 - - Page, Surg. C. G., 99, 144, 338 - - Page, C. S., 434 - - Page, T. N., 113; - Lee's Army, 138, 237; - - Paine, J. T., 398 - - Paineville, 289 - - Palmer, W. D., 398 - - Palmer, Wm., 434 - - Pamunkey River, 208 - - Paoli's Ford, 129 - - Park, J. C., 13 - - Parker, J. L., 324 - - Parker, T. M., 459 - - Parker, Theo. M., 459 - - Parkhurst, M. C., 353, 399 - - Parlin, Wm. D., 446 - - Parks, Chas. T., 459 - - Parks, Peter, Jr., 459 - - Parrott, Albert, 387 - - Parsons, J. G., 421 - - Parrott, L. H., 387 - - Patterson, Jas., 434 - - Patterson, J. R., 351 - - Paul, I. D., 18, 57, 122, 402 - - Paull, D. S., 410 - - Paull, T. W., 410 - - Pay, Advance, 26 - - Paymaster Comes, 60, 71, 75, 96, 104, 125, 152 - - Peabody, Town of, 340 - - Peace Commission, 270 - - Pearson, C. E., 410 - - Peck, Geo. E., 387 - - Peck, Gen'l J. J., 69 - - Peebles' Farm, 259 - - Pegram's Salient, 236 - - Peirson, Gen'l C. L., 3, 4, 36, 47, 63, 85, 96, 99, 101, 106, 108, - 131, 132, 137; - orders church torn down, 140, 147, 148, 149, 170, 171, 174, 178; - account of May 8, 180-2, 183, 184, 186, 187, 189, 192, 193, 194; - comes back, 214, 229, 234; - wounded, 245; - tells his story, 246, 254, 323, 324, 325, 329; - sketch of life, 334-335, 465 - - Penniman, J. M., 421 - - Pennsylvania Troops, =90=, 94, 106, 109, 156, 168, 170, 255, 263; - =107=, 94, 99, 156, 201, 232, 238, 239, 255; - =48=, 236 - - Percival, G. P., 387 - - Perkins, B. C., 12 - - Perkins, C. H., 354 - - Perkins, C. H., 387 - - Perkins, H. S., 361 - - Perkins, J. H., 351 - - Perkins, Jon., 361 - - Perkins, Thos., 446 - - Perry, G. W., 399 - - Perry, J. J., 21 - - Perry, O. H., 434 - - Perry, S. N., 387 - - Perryville, 29 - - Persimmons, 118 - - Persons, H. J., 459 - - Person's Promotion, Oscar, 62, 379, 459 - - Petten, D. M., 446 - - Petersburg, 145, 216 - - PETERSBURG, 219 - - Petersburg Express, 256 - - Phelps, John, 434 - - Philadelphia, 28 - - Phillips, A. W., 399 - - Phillips, Chas. A., 460 - - Phillips, C. B., 22 - - Phillips, D. M., 410 - - Picket Duty, 38 - - Picket on the Rapidan, 106 - - Pickets Captured, 112 - - Pierce, C. A., 410 - - Pierce, Maj. E. C., 210 - - Pierce, Eli, 387 - - Pierce, John, Jr., 351 - - Pierce, Wm. L. G., 434 - - Pierson, J. M., 446 - - Pike, J. F., 421 - - Pingree, C. C., 421 - - Pinkham, H. W., 399 - - Pleasants, Col. H., 236 - - Plummer, N. F., Jr., 351 - - Plympton, Wm. P., 361 - - Point Shirley, 325 - - Pollard, Geo. F., 460 - - Pomeroy, Alonzo, 422 - - Pony Mt., 161 - - Poole, C. N., 422 - - Poole, F., 12 - - Poole, R. F., 42, 460 - - Poolesville, 36, 41, 51, 52, 143 - - Poore, John D., 12 - - Pope, Gen'l, 151 - - Poplar Springs Church, 259 - - Porter, Chas. H., 3, 15, 16, 162, 211, 212, 223; - tells of Weldon R. R., 248-50, 253, 278; - Five Forks, 285, 322, 324, 325, 341, 379 - - Porter, Gen'l Horace, 283 - - Porter, Whitcomb, 15 - - PORT WALTHALL, 219 - - "Position of a Soldier", 187 - - Potomac River, 35, 41 - - Potomac Crossed, 31 - - Potter, John F., 253 - - Powell, David, 351 - - Powell, Gen'l Wm. H., 289, 292 - - Powers, M. O., 399 - - Powers, Robert, 399 - - Pratt, J. H., 374 - - Presbry, Capt., 17 - - Prescott, B. F., 230, 434 - - Preston, John, 434 - - Prince Edward Ct. House, 289, 290 - - Prisoners Recaptured, 188 - - Prospect Hill, 17 - - Prospect Station, 290 - - Prouty, B. W., 422 - - Prouty, Elijah, 422 - - Prouty, Isaac, 422 - - Prouty, J. H., 5, 19, 422 - - Prouty, J. L., 374 - - Prouty, Wm., Jr., 422 - - Providence, 295 - - Pryor, Roger A., 253 - - Pullen, Gilbert, 45, 136 - - Pullen, Sumner, 45, 136 - - Purcell, Geo. J., 351 - - Purington, W. E., 351 - - Putnam, Chas., 374 - - Putnam, Israel, 17 - - Pyne, Fred'k, 361 - - - Quarles' Mills, 207 - - Quimby, I. B., 410 - - Quincy, 15, 324, 325, 328, 329 - - Quincy, Josiah, 15 - - - Ragan, Michael, 446 - - Rainy March, A, 65 - - Ramsdell, E. W., 375 - - Ramsdell, J. F., 324, 460 - - Rand, Wm. L., 410 - - Randall, Geo. W., 399 - - Rapidan, 160 - - RAPIDAN, THE, 106 - - Rappahannock River, 97, 129 - - Rappahannock Station, 95, 124 - - Rations Arrive, 218 - - Ream's Station, 242, 258 - - Reaney, Pat., 361 - - Rebel Deserters, 63, 157, 239 - - Reb. Fords Potomac, 39 - - Rebel Raiders, 51 - - Rebels Fed, 292 - - Reddy, Geo. H., 460 - - Redman, W. S. C., 375 - - Reed, J. D., 18, 379, 402, 436, 437 - - Reed, M. D., 468 - - Reed, Nathan, 446 - - Regor, H. B., 460 - - REGIMENTAL ROSTER, 330 - - REGIMENTAL VETERAN ASSOCIATION, 322-330 - - Rendezvous, Points of, 10 - - Return from Appomattox, 292 - - Reunions, Regimental, 322-330 - - Revere Beach, 329 - - Reynolds, Gen'l, 153 - - Reynolds, Geo., 446 - - Reynolds, M., 351 - - Reynolds, W. H., 410 - - Rhodes, Rob't, 20, 425 - - Rice, Gov. Alex. H., 324 - - Rice, Gen'l J. C., 192 - - Rice's Station, 289 - - Rich, Giles H., 361 - - Richards, E. D., 434 - - Richards, Henry, 399 - - Richards, John, 434 - - Richardson, A. H., 460 - - Richardson, A. L., 324, 460 - - Richardson, C. A., 375 - - Richardson, F., 375 - - Richardson, F. S., 194, 351 - - Richardson, H. C., 399 - - Richardson, J. I., 23, 25, 449 - - Richardson, M. O., 351 - - Richardson, W. R., 361 - - Richardson, Sam'l, Jr., 460 - - Richmond, 208, 293 - on fire, 287 - - Ricker, O. P., 361, 437 - - Riley, Jas., 410 - - Riley, John, 399 - - Roach, Maurice, 387 - - Roberts, J. S., 399 - - Roberts, J. W., 375 - - Roberts, M. F., 5, 182, 375 - - Robertson, B. H., 41 - - Robertson's Tavern, 128, 130 - - Robie, J. E., 434 - - Robinson, A. J., 362 - - Robinson, Gen'l J. C., 83, 102, 105, 109, 141, 143, 153, 157, 168, - 186, 195, 276, 324 - - Robinson, J. R., 362 - - Rocket, Jas., 410 - - Rockville, 66 - - Rodgers, H. C., 387 - - Rogers, Chas., 460 - - Rogers, E. S., 410 - - Rogers, Wm. H., 376 - - Rohersville, 87 - - Roland, Miles, 461 - - Roland, Richard, 362 - - Rollins, S. P., 48, 399 - - Rosemere, Conrad, 362 - - Rouse, S. N., 434 - - Routine in Camp, 65 - - Rowanty Creek, 261, 279 - - Roxbury, 13, 325, 328, 329 - - Roy, John, 351 - - Russell, Edw., 362 - - Russell, Geo. A., 387 - - Rugg, Geo. J., 376 - - Russell, G. S., 434 - - Russ, Geo. W., 387 - - Russell, H. H., 422 - - Russell, Levi, 446 - - Russell, Nat., 411 - - Ryder, Alvah, 351 - - - Sailor's Creek, 289 - - St. Mary's Church, 217 - - St. Patrick's Day, 152 - - "Salient", 195 - - Salisbury, 150 - - Salisbury Prison, Co. A, B, C, 296; - D, E, F, G, H, 297; - I, K, 298 - - Samson, A. A., 376 - - Sanborn, Orin, 461 - - Sanborn, W. H., 422 - - Sandy Hook, 81 - - Sargent, Geo., 387 - - Sargent, W. H., 376 - - Saunders, Abraham, 362 - - Saunders, C. R. P., 351 - - Savil, S. O., 434 - - Savill, Geo. W., 387 - - Sawin, G. L., 22 - - Sawyer, Aug. T., 461 - - Sawyer, Geo., 464 - - "Say, You Yank", 234 - - Schaff, Gen'l Morris, 161, 162, 170, 177 - - Schaffer, Henry, 362 - - Schoen, Fred, 351 - - SCHOOL IN CAMP, 146 - - School of the Soldier, 39 - - Schroeffel, Phil., 362 - - Schwartz, Jacob, 351 - - Scituate, 19 - - Scott, Chas., 461 - - Scott, P. F., 362 - - Scott's 900, 51, 53, 57, 58, 71 - - Searles, Loring, 461 - - Seaver, Jas. E., 5 - - Seaverns, H. A., 434, 449 - - Second Army Corps, 103, 113, 123, 127, 160 - - Sedgwick, Gen'l John, 85, 127, 151; - death of, 189. - - Sell, Jas. T., 446 - - Seneca Landing, 43 - - Seneca Mills, 36 - - Senter, J. H., 376 - - Seward, Wm. H., 270 - - Sham-battle, 58 - - Shavlin, Hugh, 387 - - Shaw, Geo. W., 411 - - Shaw, Henry, 400 - - Shaw, John B., 400 - - Shaw, P. J., 422 - - Shaw, Thos. T., 400 - - Shaw, Wm. G., 461 - - Shaw, Zenas, 352 - - Shea, P. E., 362 - - Shean, Pat., 435 - - Shedd, A. A., 362 - - Shedd, Geo. V., 362 - - Sheehan, J. H., 461 - - Sheehan, Jerry, 387 - - Sheehan, Tim., 461 - - Sheen, J. H., 461 - - Sheen, Wm. G., 16, 379 (2), 414, 437 - - Shenandoah, 41, 82 - - Shenandoah Valley, 237 - - Sherburne, B. F., 411 - - Sheridan, J. A., 376 - - Sheridan, Gen'l, 158, 177, 275, 278, 283 - - Sherman, C. F., 422 - - Shoes, Private's, 95 - - Short, T. G., 422 - - Shot in the head, 245 - - Shoulder-Scales, 72 - - Shrewsbury, Battle of, 164 - - Sibley Tents arrive, 33, 43 - - Sickles, Dan. E., 80 - - Signor, W. H., 435 - - Silver, Man., 461 - - Silver Springs, 325 - - Simonds, Geo. N., 352 - - Simonds or Simons, Wm., 388 - - Simons, Thos., 422 - - Simpson, J. H., 377 - - Six Mile House, 243 - - Sixteenth Maine and the Thirty-ninth, 271 - - Sixth Army Corps, 87, 113, 124, 127, 150, 160, 189; - leaves Army of Potomac, 228, 289 - - Skeele, M. B., 423 - - Skehan, John, 400 - - Skinner, F. C., 411 - - Skinner, Geo. F., 362 - - Skinner, J. B., 423 - - Slattery, Edw., 388 - - Slaughter Mt., 151 - - Sleeper, J. H., 63 - - Sleeper's Battery, 55, 61, 124 - - Slocum, Gen'l H. W., 105 - - Sloper, C. W., 446 - - Small, Adj. A. R., 197, 270 - - Small, Thos. E., 352 - - Smalley, Henry, 352 - - Smith, A. H., 400 - - Smith, Abial E., 447 - - Smith, Addison, 400 - - Smith, C. D., 352 - - Smith, Chas. H., 363 - - Smith, E. H. C., 411 - - Smith, F. M., 481 - - Smith, Geo., 352 - - Smith, Geo. T., 411 - - Smith, Jas., 411 - - Smith, H. R., 363 - - Smith, H. W., 435 - - Smith, Nath'l, 352 - - Smith, Peter, 363 - - Smith, R. C., 435 - - Smith, S. N., 400 - - Smith, S. V., 423 - - Smith, Sid., Jr., 363 - - Smith, Gen'l W. F., 209 - - Smith, W. M., 400 - - Smith, Wm. S., 377 - - Snow, C. H., 411 - - Snow, E. M., 352 - - Snow-fall, First, 46 - - Snow-storm, Heavy, 59, 61, 63, 64, 153 - - Socrates, 26 - - "Soft Bread", 122 - - Somerby, Frank, 363 - - Somerville, 16, 324, 325, 329 - - Song, Exchange of, 109 - - Sons of Temperance, 71, 74, 76 - - So. Danvers, 12, 13, 340 - - So. Shore, 19 - - Southside, R. R., 260, 289, 293 - - Southworth, Dal., 435 - - Southworth, W. B., 377 - - Spaulding, C. A., 423 - - Spear, E. A. F., 423 - - Spear, E. A., 15, 16, 378 - - Spear, W. T. G., 14, 145, 146, 173, 353 - - Spellan, Den., 363 - - Spencer, R. J., 352 - - "Spoiling for a Fight", 277 - - Spokesfield, Ferd., 462 - - Spooner, L. A., 230, 447 - - Spontroz, Aug., 462 - - Sproal, A. H., 411 - - Spottswood, Alex., 162 - - Spottsylvania, 162, 196 - - SPOTTSYLVANIA, 178, 200 - - Sprague, Geo. A., 462 - - Sprague, Thos., 423 - - Staggles, Wm. E., 462 - - Stall, J. M., 411 - - Stanley, F. A., 435 - - Stanton, E. M., 277 - - Staples, H. A., 462 - - Staples, B. F., 411 - - Stearns, N. D., 447 - - Stebbins, T. S., 423 - - Stedman, C. H., 447 - - Stephins, Alex. H., 270 - - Stephenson, John, 19 - - Stephenson, Luther, 19 - - Stepper, Jos., Jr., 363 - - Stetson, Warren, 423 - - Stevens, C. E., 363 - - Stevens, Elb., 352 - - Stevens, L. S., 447 - - Stevens, Leslie, 400 - - Stevens, S. M., 377 - - Stevensburg, 112 - - Stevenson, Gen'l T. G., 193 - - Stewart, Sam'l, 447 - - Stewart, Sylvanus, 447 - - Stickney, H. C., 400 - - STILL IN CAMP, 150 - - Stockwell, A. G., 423 - - Storm, Severest, 93 - - Stone, A. C., 435 - - Stone, F. C., 447 - - Stone, H. D., 425 - - Stoneman, Gen'l, 41 - - Story, Asa, 352 - - Stowers, Wm. C., 462 - - Straight's Tunnel, 156 - - Strickland, Wm., 363 - - Stringfellow, Dr. J. H., 106 - - Strong, Edw. A., 363 - - Stuart, Hosp. Stew., Geo. A., 340 - - Stuart, k., J. E. B., 183 - - Stuart, Thos., 363 - - Stuart's Cavalry, 36, 40, 49, 78, 103 - - Stuart's Raid, 41 - - Sturtevant, H. B., 363 - - Styner, Sam'l, 447 - - Suffolk, Va., 69 - - Sullivan, Dan., 411 - - Sullivan, D. O., 364 - - Sullivan, Thos., 364 - - Sullivan, Thos., 447 - - Summers, Geo. M., 352 - - Sumner, E. V., 40 - - Sumner, F. H., 435 - - Sumner, W. S., 435 - - "Sunny South," 159 - - Sussex Ct. House, 266 - - Sutler, Regimental, 45, 105, 136, 240 - - Sutton, Eben., 13 - - Swain, E. A., 364 - - Swain, J. M., 14, 145, 353 - - Swan, Chas., 364 - - "Swapping" with Rebs, 106 - - Sweat, C. W., 364 - - Sweet, John, 388 - - Sweetland, B. E., 435 - - Swinton, Wm., 113, 191, 203 - - Sword to Gen'l Meade, 100 - - Sylvester, J. Q. A., 423 - - Symmes, Alf., 364 - - - Tabor, N. Z., 462 - - Taft, I. D., 364 - - Taunton, 17, 18, 324 - - Taylor, Geo. C., 447 - - Taylor, Geo. W., 411 - - Taylor, Marcus, 388 - - Tennallytown, 35, 67 - - Terry, Gen'l, 219 - - Terry, A. P., 411 - - Tevlin, Mich., 464 - - Thanksgiving Day, '62, 49, 50; - '63, 126; - '64, 262 - - Thanksgiving for Co. C, 140-1 - - Thayer, E. S., 412 - - Thayer, H. F., 412 - - Thayer, J. J. H., 388 - - Thayer, N. W., 423 - - Third Army Corps, 113, 123, 124, 127 - - Thomas, Alph., 423, 449 - - Thomas, Chas., 412 - - Thomas, Chas. S., 412 - - Thomas, Erasmus, 388 - - Thomas, G. N. B., 435 - - Thomas, O. C., 424 - - Thomas, W. H., 400 - - Thomas, W. O., 424 - - Thompson, Abijah, 5, 251, 323, 324, 325, 329, 462 - - Thompson's Story, 62 - - Thompson, C. W., 20, 414 - - Thompson, Edw., 377 - - Thompson, F. W., 400 - - Thompson, Jas., 377 - - Thorndike, Surg. Wm., 144, 338 - - Thoroughfare Gap, 119, 121 - - Tidd, L. R., 23, 25, 252, 323, 324, 449(2) - - Tighe, Terrance, 412 - - Tilden, Col. C. W., 155, 324 - - Tileston, Eben., 435 - - Tileston, Lem., 435 - - Tinkham, Herb., 412 - - Tisdale, C. H., 424 - - Tisdale, S. L., 412 - - Titus, Geo. L., 412 - - Todd, Capt., 70 - - Todd's Tavern, 177, 178, 179, 183 - - Toombs, E. L., 435 - - Torrey, F. J., 424 - - Totopotomy, 210 - - TOWARDS THE JAMES RIVER, 215 - - TOWARDS WINTER QUARTERS, 133 - - Townsend, P. J., 412 - - Transports, "General Howard," "Geo. Weems," 218 - - Trask, C. H., 377 - - Trask, Geo. W., 388 - - Travis, F. E., 447 - - Travis, I. N., 447 - - Tremlett, Lt. Col. H. M., 36, 93, 99, 231, 245, 254; - wounded, 281; - dies, 295; - sketch of life, 336 - - Trull, E. J., 20, 95, 414 - - Tucker, Aaron, 377 - - Tufts, Aug., 377 - - Tulley, I. J., 377 - - Turner, Chas., 364 - - Turner, Geo., 412 - - Turner, S. H., 377 - - Twelfth Army Corps goes West, 105 - - Tyler, S. C., 448 - - Tyler, H. H., 377 - - Tyree, J. C., 364 - - Tyrell, Geo. H., 448 - - - Ulrich, Lewis, 400 - - Upham, J. H., 20 - - "Up Hill and Down", 84 - - Upton, Gen'l E., 171, 192 - - - VACATION IDYL, A, 326-329 - - Vaeight, Wm., 377 - - Van Cliff, J. S., 401 - - Van de Sands, Geo., 401 - - Van Winkle, H. M., 424 - - Varnum, Geo., 352 - - Vaughn Road, 257 - - Vegetable Rations, 227 - - Veit, Fred'k, 435 - - Vermont Troops, 10, 35, 44, 47, 48, 51, 53, 57 - - Vickery, J. F., 377 - - Vicksburg, 80 - - Voight, Wm., 378 - - - Wadsworth, Chas., 364 - - Wadsworth, Gen'l J. S., 49, 168 - - Wagon Trains, 115 - - Waite, Silas, 462 - - Waitt's Branch, 35 - - Walford, Thos., 435 - - Wall, Richard, 464 - - Walker, Benj., 378 - - Walker, Gen'l F. A., 101, 179, 227, 258 - - Walker, Lewis M., 463 - - Walker, Wm. A., 378 - - Wallace, J. Wm., 448 - - Walker, Henry, 15 - - Walsh, Harold, 412 - - Walsh, Michael, 388 - - Walsh, Wm., 412 - - Ware, H. A., 388 - - Wares, Frank, 436 - - Warren, B. F., 463 - - Warren, D. S., 424 - - Warren, Geo., 364 - - Warren, Gen'l G. K., 117, 131, 165, 167, 177, 195, 196, 205, 216, - 222, 227, 232, 233, 254, 265, 282; - sketch of life, 285; - superseded, 286, 322, 323, 324, 325 - - Warrenton 92, 113 - - Warrenton Junction, 92, 94, 114 - - Warren, S. P. S., 448 - - Warren, Wm. P., 463 - - Washburn, E. B., 275 - - Washburn, Emory, Jr., 341 - - Washburn, Otis, 412 - - Washburn, R. M., 448 - - Washburn, Salmon, Jr., 412 - - Washington, 31, 68 - - Washington Artillery, 235 - - Washington's Birthday, 61 - - Washington's Slave, 45 - - Water Scarce, 108 - - Waterford, 89 - - Waters, Clark, 412 - - Watts, Geo. H., 388 - - Wayland, H. P., 378 - - Weaver, P. Lyle, 264 - - Webb, Lemuel, 378 - - Webster, C. C., 413 - - Webster, H. K., 401 - - Webster, I. L., 448 - - Webster, S. D., 424 - - Weitzel, Gen'l Godfrey, 283; - enters Richmond, 288 - - Welch, A. W., 424 - - Welch, Chas., 378 - - Weldon R. R., 231, 240-255; - losses, 254 - - Wellman, John H., 388 - - Wentworth, A. P., 401 - - Wentworth, G. W., 448 - - Wescott, A. A., 413 - - West, Francis, 463 - - West, John, 448 - - Weston, C. B., 424 - - "Westward Ho!", 257 - - "What's Up, Sentry?", 77 - - Wheat Harvest, 88 - - Wheeler, C. E., 413 - - Wheeler, F. J., 436 - - Wheeler, Geo., 364 - - Wheeler, W. M., 448 - - Wheelock, Col. Chas., 252 - - Whiley, Jas., 436 - - "Whip, Hoe and Sword", 147 - - Whipple, Gen'l A. W., 73 - - Whipponock, 288 - - Whiskey Raid, 57 - - Whiskey Smuggled, 49 - - Whitcomb, Geo. F., 352 - - White, A. R., 413 - - White, B. S., 41 - - White, Gen'l Daniel, 252 - - White, Edw. E., 337 - - White, Geo. W., 424 - - White, J. C., 424 - - White, Wm. H., 365 - - White Frost, 114 - - White House, 209 - - White Oak Road, 280, 281 - - White Oak Swamp, 216 - - White Plains, 91 - - White Sulphur Springs, 113 - - White's Guerrillas, Capt., 48 - - Whiting, F. T., 424 - - Whiting, Geo. W., 424 - - Whiting, T. D., 425 - - Whiting, W. B., 353 - - Whitman, H. B., 365 - - Whitmore, J. W., 401 - - Whitmore, Jos., 112 - - Whitney, C. F., 50, 448 - - Whitney, John, 448 - - Whitney, Jophanus, 378 - - Whitney, L. I., 413 - - Whittaker, Chan., 4, 146, 172, 182, 185, 364 - - Whittaker, J. L., 378 - - Whitters, Edw., 413 - - Whittier, John G., 81 - - Whittier, Leavitt, 436 - - "Why Couldn't We Sleep?", 134 - - Wilborg, Wm., 365 - - Wilcox, Gen'l C. M., 163 - - Wilcox's Wharf, 218 - - Wilcutt, W. C., 401 - - Wilder, Albert, 425 - - Wilder, M. P., 21 - - WILDERNESS, THE, 161 - - Wilderness, Battle of, by C. W., 172-176 - - Wilderness Tavern, 161 - - Wiley, Geo. H., 13, 342 - - Wiley, Sam'l, 353 - - Willett, Geo. A., 388 - - Williams, C. H., 448 - - Williams, Henry, 365 - - Williams, John, 378 - - Williams, John, 388 - - Williams, John, 401 - - Williams, John, 464 - - Williams, R. B. P., 413 - - Williams, Rob't, 21, 425 - - Williams, Wm., 388 - - Williamsport, 88 - - Wilmington, 29 - - Wilson, Geo. W., 413 - - Wilson, Col. Henry, 21, 22, 70 - - Wilson, Jas., 463 - - Wilson, John, 378 - - Wilson, John, 425 - - Wilson, O. A., 463 - - Wilson, Col. Rob't, 59 - - Wilson, T. A., 365 - - Wilton, Geo. T., 401 - - Winch, Leonard, 21 - - Winchester, Battle of, 259 - - Winter Quarters, 137 - - Winters, T. B., 365 - - Woburn, 22, 49, 323, 324, 325, 329 - - Wofford, Gen'l W. T., 163 - - Wolfe, Adam, 463 - - Women Leave Camp, 152 - - Wood, David, 413 - - Wood, Jas., 365 - - Wood, Jesse, 413 - - Wood, John M., 329 - - Wood, Thos., 388 - - Woodbury, W. H., 425 - - Woodward, Caleb, 448 - - Woodward, E. G., 401 - - Woodward, E. M., 413 - - Woodward, Geo. T., 413 - - Woodward, H. C., 448 - - Woodward, Prin. Musc. Matt., 340, 413 - - Woodward, R. P., 413 - - Worcester, 27 - - Wright, Carroll D., 71 - - Wright, Gen'l H. G., 199; - sends word to Grant, 287 - - Wright, Lewis, 449 - - Wright, Rob't, 401 - - Wright, Theo. S., 436 - - Wyer, E. F., 5 - - Wyman, Geo., 436 - - Wyman, L. F., 23, 25, 62, 220, 342, 425, 449 - - - Young, C. E., 425 - - Young, Miss H. M., 26 - - Young, Wm. J., 389 - - Yellow House, 256, 258, 259 - - - Zeigle, Col. T. A., 255 - - Zindel, Adolph, 464 - - - - - * * * * * - - - - -Transcriber's note: - -Table of Contents was created by Transcriber and placed into the -public domain. - -Every effort has been made to replicate this text as faithfully as -possible, including obsolete and variant spellings, inconsistent -punctuation that does not interfere with meaning, and other -inconsistencies. - -Obvious punctuation and spelling errors and minor printer errors -were corrected. - -p. 166: Left 'till about 12 m.' as printed, unclear what was intended - -p. 263: Changed sidenote to '64 (obvious typo) - -Text of handwritten letter (illustration in the chapter -titled 'Regimental Veteran Association') was recorded by transcriber and -placed in the caption text for that illustration. This text is placed -into the public domain. - -p.326: Changed A VACATION IDYL to a section heading instead of chapter -heading, due to context - -p.450: William T. Barrett's birth date was printed as June 36. -Corrected based on date on his gravestone - -p.470: Confusing index entry 'Camp-vim, 111' left as is, unclear what -was intended - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE THIRTY-NINTH REGIMENT -MASSACHUSETTS VOLUNTEERS, 1862-1865*** - - -******* This file should be named 51250.txt or 51250.zip ******* - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/5/1/2/5/51250 - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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