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+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #50673 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/50673)
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mentor: American Mural Painters, vol.
-2, Num 15, Serial No. 67, September 15, 1, by Arthur Hoeber
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-
-
-Title: The Mentor: American Mural Painters, vol. 2, Num 15, Serial No. 67, September 15, 1914
-
-Author: Arthur Hoeber
-
-Release Date: December 12, 2015 [EBook #50673]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MENTOR: AMERICAN MURAL ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- THE MENTOR 1914.09.15, No. 67,
- American Mural Painters
-
-
-
-
- LEARN ONE THING
- EVERY DAY
-
- September 15, 1914
- Vol 2 No. 15
-
- THE
- MENTOR
-
- AMERICAN
- MURAL
- PAINTERS
-
- DEPARTMENT OF
- FINE ARTS
-
- Serial Number 67
-
- FIFTEEN CENTS A COPY
-
-
-
-
-The Mentor Association
-
-ESTABLISHED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A POPULAR INTEREST IN ART,
-LITERATURE, SCIENCE, HISTORY, NATURE, AND TRAVEL
-
-[Illustration]
-
-
-THE ADVISORY BOARD
-
- _JOHN G. HIBBEN_ _President of Princeton University_
- _HAMILTON W. MABIE_ _Author and Editor_
- _JOHN C. VAN DYKE_ _Professor of the History of Art, Rutgers College_
- _ALBERT BUSHNELL HART_ _Professor of Government, Harvard University_
- _WILLIAM T. HORNADAY_ _Director New York Zoölogical Park_
- _DWIGHT L. ELMENDORF_ _Lecturer and Traveler_
-
-
-THE PLAN OF THE ASSOCIATION
-
-The purpose of The Mentor Association is to give its members, in an
-interesting and attractive way, the information in various fields of
-knowledge which everybody wants and ought to have. The information is
-imparted by interesting reading matter, prepared under the direction of
-leading authorities, and by beautiful pictures, produced by the most
-highly perfected modern processes.
-
-The object of The Mentor Association is to enable people to acquire
-useful knowledge without effort, so that they may come easily
-and agreeably to know the world’s great men and women, the great
-achievements and the permanently interesting things in art, literature,
-science, history, nature, and travel.
-
-The purpose of the Association is carried out by means of simple
-readable text and beautiful illustrations in The Mentor.
-
-The annual subscription is Three Dollars, covering The Mentor Course,
-which comprises twenty-four numbers of The Mentor in one year.
-
-
-THE MENTOR
-
-SUBSCRIPTION, THREE DOLLARS A YEAR. SINGLE COPIES FIFTEEN CENTS.
-FOREIGN POSTAGE 75 CENTS EXTRA. CANADIAN POSTAGE 50 CENTS EXTRA.
-ENTERED AT THE POST-OFFICE AT NEW YORK, N.Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER.
-COPYRIGHT, 1915, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC. PRESIDENT AND
-TREASURER, R. M. DONALDSON; VICE-PRESIDENT, W. M. SANFORD; SECRETARY,
-L. D. GARDNER
-
- _Issued Semi-Monthly by_
- THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.
- 52 EAST 19th STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y.
-
-
-
-
-[Illustration: THE PLEIADES, by Elihu Vedder. In the Metropolitan
-Museum of Art, New York City.]
-
-
-
-
-American Mural Painters
-
-ELIHU VEDDER
-
-Monograph Number One in The Mentor Reading Course
-
-
-Elihu Vedder said of his parents, “My mother went to church; but I know
-that wherever a fish was to be found my father went fishing,” and of
-his mother he said further, “It had always been my mother’s wish that
-I should be a great artist, and for her sake I wish it could have been
-so.”
-
-Vedder was born in New York City on February 26, 1836, and as a boy
-attended the Brinkerhoff School in Brooklyn. In this institution the
-greatest virtue was a good memory; the pupil who could best memorize
-his lessons stood highest. Consequently Vedder, who always had a bad
-memory, stood at the foot of his class. Nevertheless he showed early
-evidences of his talent.
-
-He first studied under the genre (jonr) and historical painter Tompkins
-H. Mattison, at Sherburne, New York. Then he went to Paris to study
-in the atelier of the French painter Picot. He went to Italy in 1857,
-where he worked for some years, and then returned to the United States
-and remained there until 1865. In that year he was elected to full
-membership in the National Academy of Design, New York City. He went
-back to Paris and spent one winter there; but in January, 1867, moved
-to Rome, where he has ever since resided. He has made many visits to
-the United States; but Italy is his favorite dwelling place.
-
-At first Vedder devoted himself to the painting of genre pictures.
-These, however, attracted only a little attention until 1884, when he
-illustrated the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam. This immediately gave him a
-high place in the art world. His important decorative work came later.
-These subjects are principally imaginative.
-
-A pen picture by H. T. Carpenter, of Vedder in his Italian home,
-gives a good idea of the personality of the man: “The picturesque
-personality of the painter would impress one, whatever and wherever
-the surroundings. As he came down those stone steps” (of his studio in
-Rome), “a bunch of large keys in his hand to open the gate, explaining
-the while the reason for the absence of the porter and attendant of
-all work, with a gentleness born of a natural sympathy for the under
-dog, he looked the man one might imagine the creator of such work as is
-shown in the series of drawings of the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, or the
-Congressional Library and the Bowdoin College decorations, or the mural
-work in the Huntington house, with its incomparable central figure,
-Luna,--his abundant wavy white hair, features of marked strength,
-penetrating blue eyes, which alternately twinkled and analyzed, a long,
-flowing white mustache, a striking head on massive shoulders, tall in
-height; in fine, a picture of rugged picturesqueness that stood out
-even in that land of artistic individuality, but never for a moment
-taken for anything but a fine type of American. His manner was cordial,
-frank, sincere, and unaffected, and one soon found out he was a good
-hater of shams.”
-
- PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION
- ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 2, No. 15. SERIAL No. 67
- COPYRIGHT, 1914. BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. INC.
-
-
-
-
-[Illustration: DETAIL OF THE ANTHONY DREXEL MEMORIAL CHANCEL, by E. H.
-Blashfield.
-
-In the Church of the Savior, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.]
-
-
-
-
-American Mural Painters
-
-EDWIN HOWLAND BLASHFIELD
-
-Monograph Number Two in The Mentor Reading Course
-
-
-Edwin Howland Blashfield has a place in the front rank of American
-mural painters through his elevation of thought and his masterly
-execution. His imagination is fertile and his treatment of subjects
-highly decorative. He has been able to paint both history and legend,
-and has placed them side by side in the same compositions.
-
-He was born on December 15, 1848, in New York City. He is a son of
-William Henry Blashfield, and a brother of Albert Dodd Blashfield, the
-illustrator.
-
-Blashfield studied first at the Boston Latin School. Then, in 1867, he
-went to Paris to study under Leon Bonnât. He also received valuable
-advice from Gérôme and Chapù. He exhibited for many years at the Paris
-Salon, and also at the Royal Academy in London. In 1881 he returned to
-the United States and married.
-
-For some years he was a painter of genre pictures; that is, pictures
-of common life and its associations. Then he turned to decorative
-work, which was marked by rare delicacy and beauty of color. At the
-World’s Fair in Chicago in 1893 he painted mural decorations for a
-dome in the Manufacturers’ Building. Later he did the great central
-dome of the Congressional Library at Washington, the drawing room for
-the Huntington residence, the decoration for the courtroom in the
-courthouse at Baltimore, the decoration of the entire chancel in the
-Church of the Savior at Philadelphia, and many other masterpieces of
-mural art.
-
-Blashfield is well known as a lecturer on art, and has written many
-articles dealing with the subject. With Mrs. Blashfield he wrote, in
-1900, “Italian Cities,” and together, with A. A. Hopkins, they edited
-Vasari’s “Lives of the Painters.”
-
-At one time Blashfield was president of the Society of American
-Artists. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters,
-and many other societies. He makes his home in New York City.
-
-Blashfield has received many honors and medals, including a bronze
-medal at the Paris Exposition in 1900, a gold medal at the St. Louis
-Exposition in 1904, a Carnegie prize in 1911, and others.
-
- PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION
- ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 2, No. 15. SERIAL No. 67
- COPYRIGHT, 1914. BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. INC.
-
-
-
-
-[Illustration: Copyright by M. G. Abbey.
-
-From a Copley Print. Copyright by Curtis & Cameron, Inc.
-
-THE APOTHEOSIS OF PENNSYLVANIA, BY E. A. ABBEY.
-
-IN THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE CAPITOL AT HARRISBURG]
-
-
-
-
-American Mural Painters
-
-EDWIN AUSTIN ABBEY
-
-Monograph Number Three in The Mentor Reading Course
-
-
-Walk into the Public Library at Boston, and you will find yourself in
-the midst of some of the most magnificent mural decorations in America.
-There we find the great frieze of The Prophets, by John Sargent, and in
-the delivery room is the great decoration by Edwin Austin Abbey which
-is called “The Quest of the Holy Grail.”
-
-In the early part of his life Edwin Abbey was an illustrator,
-celebrated chiefly for his pen drawings. In later life his work became
-larger in character, and he turned naturally to mural painting.
-
-Edwin Austin Abbey was born in Philadelphia, April 1, 1852. He studied
-first at the schools of the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts; but at
-the age of nineteen left this and entered the art department of the
-publishing house of Harper & Bros., New York City, where he became
-successful as an illustrator. Associated with him were such artists
-as Howard Pyle, C. S. Reinhart, and Joseph Pennell. In 1878 Harpers’
-planned to publish the poems of Robert Herrick, and sent Abbey to
-England to gather material for the illustrations. These were published
-in 1882, and attracted much attention. Illustrations for Goldsmith’s
-“She Stoops to Conquer,” for a volume of old songs, and for the
-comedies and a few of the tragedies of Shakespeare, followed. His water
-colors and pastels were successful in the same degree.
-
-Abbey by this time had become closely identified with the art life of
-England. In 1883 he was elected to the Royal Institute of Painters in
-Water Colors. His first oil painting was exhibited at the Royal Academy
-in London in 1890, which was called “A May Day Morning.” He became a
-full Royal Academician in 1898.
-
-His mural decoration called “The Quest of the Holy Grail,” in the
-Boston Public Library, on which he was occupied for several years,
-deserves special mention. In 1901 King Edward VII commissioned him to
-paint a picture of the coronation. During his life many honors were
-showered upon him. Abbey died in 1911.
-
-In “The Apotheosis of Pennsylvania,” below to the left are Sir Walter
-Raleigh, who had a grant in Pennsylvania; Henry Hudson, who discovered
-and sailed up the Delaware River; Captain Minuit, the explorer and
-navigator, and others. To the right are a pioneer and representatives
-of various religious sects that settled in Pennsylvania. Below these,
-beginning at the left, are ships on the stocks, the city troopers,
-General Wayne, Atkinson (the first American judge), the first provost
-of the University of Pennsylvania, Bishop White (the first American
-bishop), and others, among them Dr. Caspar Wistar, Benjamin Franklin,
-William Penn, and Robert Morris. At the left are Governor Curtis and
-Thaddeus Stevens cheering the soldiers of 1861 marching to defend the
-state, officered by Generals Hancock and Meade. On the right are miners
-and workers in steel and iron, machinery, and so forth.
-
- PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION
- ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 2, No. 15. SERIAL No. 67
- COPYRIGHT, 1914. BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. INC.
-
-
-
-
-[Illustration: Copyright by Edward Simmons.
-
-From a Copley Print. Copyright by Curtis & Cameron, Inc.
-
-RETURN OF THE BATTLE FLAGS, by Edward Simmons. In the Massachusetts
-State House. Boston, Massachusetts.]
-
-
-
-
-American Mural Painters
-
-EDWARD EMERSON SIMMONS
-
-Monograph Number Four in The Mentor Reading Course
-
-
-Edward Emerson Simmons had many disappointments to contend with during
-the early part of his life; but he overcame them all, and has made for
-himself a place in the foremost rank of American artists.
-
-He comes from good old Massachusetts stock. His mother was a sister of
-Ralph Waldo Emerson, the famous American poet and essayist. Simmons was
-born at Concord, Massachusetts, on October 27, 1852. He went to Harvard
-University, and graduated from there in 1874 with great honor. It is a
-fact worthy of remark that the class of 1874 contains many men who have
-achieved distinction.
-
-After graduating Simmons went to Paris to study art, where his teachers
-were Lefebvre and Boulanger. At the schools he was very popular, and
-his easel was the favorite loafing place for the other members of his
-class.
-
-In 1881 he exhibited at the Salon a portrait of a gentleman in Highland
-costume, which attracted great attention. The following summer he
-went to Brittany, where he remained for sometime. He made his home at
-Concarneau in Finistère, a fishing port famous for its sardines. There
-Simmons experimented with all kinds of painting,--landscape, marine,
-and figure,--and took the lead in the art life of the colony, among
-whom were painters from France, England, and America.
-
-In 1882 he sent to the Salon a painting called “La Blanchisseuse,” a
-picture of a Breton girl carrying the clothes from the brookside, where
-she had been washing them, which is a custom in Brittany. The picture
-received honorable mention.
-
-In 1891 his class at Harvard decided to give a memorial window, and
-Simmons got the commission. Then came the World’s Fair at Chicago in
-1893, and Simmons obtained the commission to decorate the dome of
-the Liberal Arts Building. He chose for his subject four objects of
-American labor,--wood, iron, stone, and fiber. This painting shows
-strength, directness, simplicity, and dignity. It was his first mural
-decoration, and was a good experience. He saw his opportunity and made
-the most of it.
-
-Almost immediately came the commission to decorate the Criminal Court
-Buildings of the Courts of Oyer and Terminer in the city of New
-York, which he worked out with enthusiasm. The subject represented
-is Justice, in the shape of a stately, dignified figure with a globe
-in one hand and the scales in the other. He draped this figure in an
-American flag; a hard problem, but cleverly worked out. The side panels
-to the right represent the Three Fates; those to the left, Liberty,
-Equality, and Fraternity.
-
-Then came the commission for decorating the Congressional Library at
-Washington. He chose as his subject the nine muses.
-
-Following this he received many commissions for work in private
-residences, and for a series of paintings for the Waldorf-Astoria
-Hotel, New York City.
-
-Simmons was one of the original members of the Ten American Painters,
-and is a member of the National Institute of Arts and Letters.
-
- PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION
- ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 2, No. 15. SERIAL No. 67
- COPYRIGHT, 1914. BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. INC.
-
-
-
-
-[Illustration: FROM A COPLEY PRINT. COPYRIGHT BY CURTIS & CAMERON, INC.
-
-HOSEA--DETAIL OF THE PROPHETS, BY JOHN SARGENT
-
-IN THE PUBLIC LIBRARY. BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS]
-
-
-
-
- “Hosea,” a detail of the frieze of “The Prophets,” by
- John Singer Sargent, in the Public Library, Boston, is
- the subject of one of the intaglio-gravure pictures
- illustrating “American Mural Painters.”
-
-JOHN SINGER SARGENT
-
-Monograph Number Five in The Mentor Reading Course
-
-
-John Singer Sargent has been called the most “modern of moderns, one of
-the most dazzling men of talent of the present day.”
-
-Sargent is in reality an American only by parentage; for he was born
-at Florence, Italy, on January 12, 1858, and since 1884 has lived in
-London. Sargent’s father was Dr. Fitzwilliam Sargent, a distinguished
-Boston physician. Sargent as a child was very sensitive, and was
-greatly influenced by the art treasures of his birthplace. He received
-his early education in Italy and Germany, and his impressionable nature
-amid such surroundings was shaped by the atmosphere of the famous
-Tuscan city, which left its refining mark upon all his work. The
-parents of many artists of genius have attempted to dissuade their sons
-from becoming painters. On the contrary, however, Sargent’s parents
-encouraged him to draw from the canvases of Veronese, Titian, and
-Tintoretto.
-
-In 1874, when Sargent was only eighteen, he went to Paris to study,
-entering the atelier of Carolus-Duran. A portrait of his teacher
-painted toward the close of his studentship won the commendation of the
-best judges. He received an honorable mention in the Salon in 1878,
-and in 1881 a second-class medal for his “Portrait of a Young Lady,”
-which has been made famous by the appreciation of Henry James, the
-distinguished American novelist. As an artist with a future he turned
-his steps to Spain. In Madrid he studied the canvases of Velasquez
-carefully, and this master has influenced his entire art career. He
-seemed to come so close to this great painter that he was enabled to
-bring into the nineteenth century the power of the most modern of
-fifteenth century painters.
-
-Sargent returned to Paris in 1882 and exhibited “El Jaleo,” a picture
-representing a Spanish woman dancing, which attracted a great deal of
-attention, and is now in the Boston Art Museum. Soon afterward Sargent
-drifted to London, and in 1886 his “Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose”
-brought him immediate recognition. He rapidly became known in London as
-a brilliant portrait painter, and year by year his Academy portraits
-were the features of the exhibitions. His success was now assured, and
-his sitters included the men and women of greatest distinction in the
-literary, artistic, and social life of both Europe and America.
-
-He is best known as a portrait painter; but at the same time he has
-done much excellent decorative work, and his decorations for the Boston
-Public Library, “The Pageant of Religion,” among which was the frieze
-of “The Prophets,” which were completed in 1903, placed him among the
-leading mural painters of America.
-
-Sargent was elected a member of the Royal Academy in London in 1894,
-and in addition to this he has won many other honors. And unlike
-many American artists residing in Europe, he has always retained his
-directness and independence.
-
- PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION
- ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 2, No. 15. SERIAL No. 67
- COPYRIGHT, 1914. BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. INC.
-
-
-
-
-[Illustration: Copyright 1907 by DeW C. Ward.
-
-THE BENEFICENCE OF THE LAW by Kenyon Cox. In the Essex County
-Courthouse, Newark, New Jersey.]
-
-
-
-
-American Mural Painters
-
-KENYON COX
-
-Monograph Number Six in The Mentor Reading Course
-
-
-Not only has Kenyon Cox placed himself in the front rank of American
-artists through his paintings, but he has also made a name for himself
-as an art critic.
-
-He was born at Warren, Ohio, on October 27, 1856. His father was
-General Jacob Dolson Cox. He studied art when quite young, first at
-Cincinnati and Philadelphia, and then at the age of twenty-one went to
-Paris to study. There for five years he was under Carolus-Duran and
-Gérôme.
-
-In 1882 he returned to New York and opened a studio there. Shortly
-after this he began teaching in the Art Students’ League, and had much
-success in that line. In 1892 he married Louise Howland King, who is
-well known as a painter herself.
-
-The earlier work of Cox consisted mostly of the nude. He received
-little encouragement for these pictures, however, and turned to mural
-decoration, in which he has achieved prominence. His first step
-toward mural work was the painting of two decorations for the Library
-of Congress at Washington. In two tympanums (the flat, triangular
-part of a pediment) each thirty-four feet in length, he has painted
-the Arts and the Sciences. Among his better known examples are the
-frieze for the courtroom of the Appellate Court, New York City, and
-the decorations for the Walker Art Gallery at Bowdoin College, for
-the Capitol at St. Paul, Minnesota, and for other public and private
-buildings. His decoration, “The Beneficence of the Law,” in the Essex
-County Courthouse at Newark, New Jersey, is one of his best-known
-paintings.
-
-Of late years Mr. Cox has spent much time on wall decorations. He is a
-maker of pictures and a master of line; but is not an interpreter of
-life nor an exploiter of ideas.
-
-He is the author of a number of books on art, among which are “Old
-Masters and New,” and “Painters and Sculptors,” in addition to some
-poems. He was elected to the National Academy in 1903, and has received
-many medals and honors.
-
- PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION
- ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 2, No. 15. SERIAL No. 67
- COPYRIGHT, 1914. BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. INC.
-
-
-
-
-[Illustration: Copyright, by Hotel Imperial
-
-Bowling on the Green, by E. A. Abbey.
-
-In the grill of the Hotel Imperial, New York City]
-
-
-
-
-AMERICAN MURAL PAINTERS
-
-By ARTHUR HOEBER
-
-_Author, Artist, and Critic_
-
-[Illustration]
-
-THE MENTOR · DEPARTMENT OF FINE ARTS · SEPT. 15, 1914
-
-_MENTOR GRAVURES_
-
- RETURN OF THE BATTLE FLAGS By Edward Simmons
- THE APOTHEOSIS OF PENNSYLVANIA By E. A. Abbey
- THE BENEFICENCE OF THE LAW By Kenyon Cox
- HOSEA--DETAIL OF THE PROPHETS By John Sargent
- DETAIL OF THE ANTHONY DREXEL MEMORIAL CHANCEL By E. H. Blashfield
- THE PLEIADES By Elihu Vedder
-
-
-[Illustration: DAWN, by T. W. Dewing
-
-Ceiling decoration in the grill of the Hotel Imperial, New York City
-
- “Oh, tenderly the haughty day
- Fills his blue urn with fire!”
-
---Ralph Waldo Emerson.]
-
-The story of mural painting in America dates back just a trifle over
-half a century; yet so rapidly do we develop things in this country
-that today the names of half a hundred men and women who have done
-distinguished work in this direction come to mind in any review of
-native accomplishment. However, the art of decoration is one of the
-oldest in the history of the world, examples of which have been handed
-down from almost prehistoric times. Traditions reach us--examples
-too--from the great civilizations of Egypt, Assyria, Greece, Rome,
-in Europe; while on our own continent there remain records of art in
-the way of wall decorations in Mexico and Central America, of beauty,
-taste, and invention, that baffle all efforts to classify as to their
-age. Says a great art writer, “No society, however rudimentary,
-has altogether ignored art.” Within the last few years prehistoric
-paintings by men who probably lived on reindeer flesh have been
-discovered in caves of the Pyrenees, paintings of no little artistic
-merit and surely artistic instinct.
-
-With the name of John La Farge must begin any account of the history of
-mural painting in America. The name is an honored one in the annals
-of our art development, and he has been dead only a few years, after
-a long life of devotion to high artistic ideals. It was in 1861 that
-he completed a panel for the church of the Paulist Fathers, in New
-York. The theme was “Saint Paul Preaching at Athens.” The architects,
-however, rejected the work for reasons that seem never to have been
-recorded, and the next year La Farge began a large triptych[1] of “The
-Crucifixion”; though he completed only two of the smaller divisions
-of the composition. These he kept in his studio for many years, until
-they were purchased by the late William C. Whitney. But his work in
-the meantime had been remarked, and he received an order for some
-decorations for a dining room; while the architect H. H. Richardson,
-in 1876, offered him a commission to take charge of the interior
-decoration of Trinity Church, Boston. This work was completed in about
-four months. La Farge chose as assistants Francis Lathrop, Francis D.
-Millet, George W. Maynard, and Augustus Saint-Gaudens the sculptor,
-among others. The work was satisfactorily completed, and remains today
-one of the great accomplishments in this country. After this La Farge
-was asked to decorate Saint Thomas’ Church in New York, which was
-followed by his decorations for the Church of the Incarnation in the
-same city.
-
- [1] A picture on three panels side by side.
-
-[Illustration: Copyright, 1904
-
-THE EDICT OF TOLERATION, by E. H. Blashfield
-
-This is the central section of a decoration in the courthouse at
-Baltimore, Maryland]
-
-[Illustration: THE LIGHT OF LEARNING
-
-By Kenyon Cox
-
-Lunette in the public library at Winona, Minnesota]
-
-
-LA FARGE’S MASTERPIECE
-
-In the Church of the Ascension, however, is La Farge’s masterpiece,
-without doubt the greatest piece of church decoration in this country.
-The theme is “The Ascension of Our Lord,” a composition arranged in two
-groups, one of the ascending Christ amid the clouds, the other of the
-disciples with Mary the Mother standing on the ground gazing upon the
-wonder passing beyond their vision. The composition is one of great
-dignity and deep religious feeling; the vision of the painter is most
-distinguished; while there are both balance and harmony, and the color
-scheme is highly decorative and rich.
-
-The work was immediately followed by many others, including a music
-room for the residence of the late Whitelaw Reid, rooms in the
-residence of Cornelius Vanderbilt, and many churches; while later
-was to come the work for great public buildings, culminating in the
-decorations for the Supreme Court room of the new capitol at St.
-Paul, Minnesota, a colossal undertaking comprising many large panels.
-La Farge did not, however, confine his activities entirely to mural
-painting; for during his long career in art he was identified with work
-in stained glass, to which he gave great attention. His achievements in
-this direction were among the most distinguished that have ever been
-attained in the history of the world.
-
-[Illustration: EGYPTIAN DANCE
-
-By William De L. Dodge
-
-In the Majestic Theater at Boston, Massachusetts]
-
-
-WILLIAM M. HUNT
-
-Before we come to the group of present workers in mural painting
-it is necessary that we consider an earlier man, again one of the
-pioneers, the artist William M. Hunt of Boston, who in 1878 obtained
-the commission to decorate the New York state capitol at Albany. The
-result was a fine series of pictures, well composed; but unfortunately
-they survive only in reproductions, the originals having been painted
-directly on the walls. These, owing to faulty construction, did not
-long remain intact, falling out of plumb, and they had to be supported
-by beams until they were finally entirely destroyed. Hunt had been a
-pupil of Thomas Couture (koo-toor´) in Paris, a man who had strong
-influence on his work, and these decorations were very reminiscent of
-his master. The pictures were fifteen by forty-five feet in size, and
-the themes were “The Flight of Night” and “The Discoverer,” of which
-only photographs remain to tell the tale.
-
-Today the mural painter produces his work on canvas instead of on the
-wall, a process that enables him to do most of the labor in the studio,
-and in case of necessity this, after being attached to the walls, can
-be taken down again and so preserved.
-
-
-MURAL ART AT “THE WHITE CITY”
-
-It was on the occasion of the planning of the World’s Columbian
-Exposition of 1893 in Chicago that the first real impetus to mural
-decoration was given in America. This occasion disclosed to the citizen
-the possibilities of the native artist, as well as the esthetic value
-of such embellishment in public edifice and in private home. The
-administrative body of the fair, determining upon a decorative scheme
-to be properly carried out, appointed to take charge of the mural
-painting Francis D. Millet, and as assistant, Charles Yardley Turner.
-A selection of artists was made to execute the work, who were J. Alden
-Weir, Edwin Howland Blashfield, George W. Maynard, Robert Reid, Edward
-Simmons, Charles Stanley Reinhart, Carroll Beckwith, Kenyon Cox, Gari
-Melchers, William De L. Dodge, and Walter McEwen.
-
-[Illustration: THE CUMÆAN SIBYL, by Elihu Vedder
-
-At Wellesley College]
-
-[Illustration: Copyright, 1898, by E. Vedder. From a Copley Print,
-copyright, 1899, by Curtis & Cameron, Inc.
-
-SAMSON, by Elihu Vedder]
-
-Blashfield and Maynard had had some slight experience in decorative
-work; but the rest were practically novices, though all had been
-serious, capable students in Paris, and were familiar with examples of
-the decorative arts of history. Millet was a rare executive, a man who
-was subsequently to do an enormous amount of just such work. It will be
-remembered that he went down to his death in the ill-fated Titanic. Of
-the rest of the group Weir, Reinhart, Beckwith, Melchers, and McEwen
-returned to their easel picture work after the Chicago fair, with only
-an occasional decoration. Blashfield, Maynard, Simmons, Cox, and Dodge
-have, however, continued to be strongly identified with mural work,
-and these men must receive closer attention. The decorative scheme at
-Chicago was a remarkable achievement, all things considered, and the
-grounds were referred to as “The White City,” “The Fair City,” “The
-City of Dreams,” and finally, alas! as “The Vanishing City”; but in
-reality nothing like it was ever seen before and probably never will be
-again.
-
-[Illustration: THE PROPHETS, by John Sargent
-
-In the Boston Library. Center panel, showing Elijah, Moses, and Joshua]
-
-
-EDWIN HOWLAND BLASHFIELD
-
-Of this group Mr. Blashfield has been more largely identified with
-decorations all over the land than the rest. The list of his mural
-work is a large one. A pupil of Bonnât’s (bo-nah´) in Paris, a writer
-of great charm, and a most serious student of his profession, Mr.
-Blashfield brought to his art scholarly endowments of a high order.
-After his work of decorating the dome of the Manufacturers’ Building
-at Chicago came a series of commissions to embellish various homes
-of private individuals,--Collis P. Huntington, the Drexels, the
-Vanderbilts, Adolf Lewisohn, and others,--with work for the Library
-of Congress, the Appellate Court of New York, the ballroom of the
-Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, the Prudential Life Insurance Company of Newark,
-New Jersey, the state capitols of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Idaho, and
-other states, with innumerable courthouses at Baltimore, Newark,
-Hudson County (New Jersey), Youngstown (Ohio), the Federal Building at
-Cleveland, some schools, and many more. In these he disclosed enormous
-invention, great facility, a good pictorial sense of composition, and
-generally a scholarly grasp of decorative requirements.
-
-
-KENYON COX
-
-Kenyon Cox, likewise a pupil of the Paris schools under J. L. Gérôme
-(zhay-rome´), has been largely identified with decorative work
-throughout the land. A distinguished draftsman and a writer on art
-as well, Mr. Cox is represented with decorations in the Walker Art
-Gallery, Bowdoin College, in various state capitols and public
-libraries, in the Appellate Court of New York and other courthouses
-throughout the Union, and was awarded the medal of honor for mural
-painting by the Architectural League in 1910. He too is represented in
-the mural decorations of the Congressional Library at Washington.
-
-[Illustration: THE LIGHT OF LEARNING
-
-By Robert Reid
-
-Copyright, 1909, by Robert Reid]
-
-
-JOHN SINGER SARGENT
-
-Mr. Sargent, perhaps the most prominent figure in the modern world of
-art, a man whose success has rarely been duplicated, a painter of the
-portrait above all, has confined his mural work to the decorations in
-the Boston Public Library. These are of such superlative quality as
-to cause regret that the man, in the course of a most active artistic
-life, could not have found time to do more. Mr. Sargent’s parents were
-Americans. They are his sole claim to nationality; for he was born in
-Italy, received his art education in France, and has resided for many
-years in England. Sargent, in short, is thoroughly cosmopolitan in
-himself and in his art. His Boston Library decorations are singularly
-original, of profound symbolism, disclosing deep intellectuality and
-serious study. His work here, says William A. Coffin, “as a whole is
-like a casket of jewels.” It consists of a frieze, a lunette,[2] and an
-arched ceiling. In the latter are depicted the gods of polytheism and
-idolatry; there are panels of the Prophets in the lunette, and the Jews
-are represented by twelve nude figures in subjection to the Egyptians
-and Assyrians, typified by figures of Pharaoh and the Assyrian king.
-It is a most elaborate symbolism, thoroughly consistent, wonderfully
-worked out, and of absorbing interest.
-
- [2] A form of decoration over door, window or in
- arches--shaped like a half moon.
-
-
-EDWIN A. ABBEY’S DECORATIONS
-
-Edwin A. Abbey, in another chamber of this Boston Library, the delivery
-room, has his now world-famous decoration, the story of the Holy Grail,
-perhaps the most popular mural work in this country, certainly the best
-known, and the shrine for many years of the tourist. It is a series of
-panels narrating the history of the knights of the Arthurian legend,
-exquisitely told, for Abbey was a master illustrator, and there is
-great charm of arrangement and color, all making a popular appeal.
-Mr. Abbey was further commissioned to decorate the state capitol at
-Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. He attacked this work with great interest
-and enthusiasm, but his labors were interrupted by his death. The task
-was then taken up by Miss Violet Oakley, herself a distinguished mural
-painter, who, though handicapped by the circumstances of having to
-follow out the scheme of another artist, nevertheless disclosed great
-capacity and has made a success of the performance.
-
-[Illustration: FAMOUS WOMEN, by Barry Faulkner
-
-Decoration for the house of Mrs. E. H. Harriman at Arden, New York.
-From left to right the women pictured are Cornelia, Beatrice, Judith,
-Queen of Sheba, Joan of Arc, Helen of Troy, and Pocahontas]
-
-
-PUBLIC LIBRARY DECORATIONS
-
-The Boston Library, it may be stated, offered opportunity for
-decorative work of an unusual nature, which was taken advantage of
-by several of the better known men. Elmer E. Garnsey made remarkable
-designs for the Pompeian lobby, and John Elliott a ceiling in the
-children’s reference room. The Congressional Library at Washington
-offered still greater opportunities, engaging the attention of a long
-list of painters. Here again is seen the hand of Mr. Garnsey, who
-planned the color scheme; while prominent among the decorations are
-the works of Elihu Vedder,--six large panels representing Government
-in its various phases, good and corrupt, of much invention in their
-allegorical way; for the artist is a highly imaginative man. Mr.
-Brownell places Vedder in the front rank of the imaginative painters of
-the day, adding, “Their name is not legion.” Other men who contributed
-to the Library of Congress include John W. Alexander, who is further
-represented at Pittsburgh, in the Carnegie Institute, with most
-important wall decorations; Gari Melchers; Robert Reid, whose list
-of other work is extensive, including decorations for the capitol at
-Boston; Henry O. Walker, also represented in the Appellate Court in New
-York.
-
-[Illustration: PENNSYLVANIA EXCAVATIONS, by Fred Dana Marsh]
-
-
-EDWARD SIMMONS, ROBERT BLUM, AND OTHERS
-
-In addition to these was a painter who has also been one of the most
-prominent of the decorative men, Edward Simmons. Years ago he won
-the competition for a decoration for the Criminal Court room in New
-York, a prize awarded by the Municipal Art Society. A pupil of the
-Paris schools, a master draftsman, a singularly capable man, his three
-panels of the Fates won him instant place, and when he further made two
-decorations for the Massachusetts state capitol there was opened to him
-a field which he has since followed with distinction. Decorations for
-the ballroom of the Waldorf-Astoria, panels for the Appellate Court,
-for various state capitols and public buildings, and finally enormous
-embellishments for the Panama fair in San Francisco, place the man in
-the front rank.
-
-For pure beauty of invention, for charm of drawing and delicacy of
-vision, no American decoration has surpassed the two lovely panels
-executed by the late Robert Blum for the frieze of the assembly room
-of the Mendelssohn Glee Club in New York. They attracted enormous
-attention when they were first completed, and have been reproduced in
-many forms. Blum was a highly original painter, and these many figures
-representing “Music” and “The Dance” have a grace quite their own.
-
-[Illustration: Reproductions of these paintings made by The Detroit
-Publishing Co.
-
-Copyright, 1912, by The Curtis Publishing Co.
-
-Copyright, 1914, by The Detroit Publishing Co.
-
-THREE PANELS, by Maxfield Parrish
-
-These three panels are part of a series called “A Florentine Fête,”
-which decorates the entire front of the dining room of the Curtis
-Publishing Company’s building in Philadelphia]
-
-Thomas W. Dewing, more identified with easel work, has nevertheless
-executed several charming decorations, one in the Imperial Hotel, New
-York, “Dawn,” ranking high indeed. It has all the man’s personal color
-vision, and is exquisitely dainty and graceful.
-
-Several men were concerned in the wall decorations of the Appellate
-Court, among them H. Siddons Mowbray and Willard L. Metcalf. The first
-named chose for theme “The Transmission of the Law,” which he rendered
-in a scholarly as well as artistic manner. Mr. Mowbray has executed a
-ceiling for the library of the University Club of New York, a large
-work for the Newark courthouse, and many private commissions.
-
-The Waldorf-Astoria Hotel gave early opportunities for the work of
-Will H. Low and Frank Fowler, both of whom carried out interesting
-schemes of decoration; while work in the church of the Paulist Fathers
-in New York offered a similar chance for William Laurel Harris. Fred
-Dana Marsh showed the possibilities of large engineering achievements
-for decorative material in a large panel in the rooms of the United
-Engineering Societies. It is an apotheosis[3] of labor, of the pick,
-the shovel, and the iron and steel worker, and Mr. Marsh was singularly
-original in the composition.
-
- [3] An apotheosis celebrates and exalts a subject in ideal
- forms of expression.
-
-[Illustration: THE CITY OF NEW YORK, THE EASTERN GATEWAY OF THE
-AMERICAN CONTINENT
-
-By Taber Sears, in the New York City Hall]
-
-John W. Alexander, better known as a portrait painter, also chose
-similar themes with which to decorate the Carnegie Institute of Art in
-Pittsburgh, a successful piece of work. Robert van V. Sewell, for the
-home of George Gould, at Lakewood, did a fine frieze representing “The
-Canterbury Tales.” And a later man is Barry Faulkner, whose panel for
-the home of Mrs. Harriman, “Famous Women,” is a happy arrangement of
-the many celebrated feminists. The work of Albert Herter is specially
-noteworthy. Hugo Ballin has executed large decorative work, and Howard
-G. Cushing has made strikingly original panels. Other men are Taber
-Sears, with altar pieces, Joseph Lauber, Charles M. Shean, Douglas
-Volk, and William B. Van Ingen. Walter Shirlaw occupied himself at
-times with decorations, and Abbott H. Thayer has likewise executed a
-few notable mural paintings.
-
-
-SUPPLEMENTARY READING
-
-MURAL PAINTING IN AMERICA _By Edwin Howland Blashfield._ Charles
-Scribner’s Sons, New York.
-
-AMERICAN MURAL PAINTING _By Pauline King._ Noyes, Platt & Co., Boston.
-
-THE HISTORY OF AMERICAN PAINTING _By Samuel Isham._ The Macmillan
-Company, New York.
-
-THE STORY OF AMERICAN PAINTING _By Charles H. Caffin._ Frederick A.
-Stokes Company, New York.
-
-
-
-
-THE MENTOR READING CIRCLE
-
-
-[Illustration: CHARITY, by Abbott Thayer
-
-In the Boston Museum]
-
-A mural painting is a decoration intended for the adornment of a wall
-or ceiling. As a rule, it is painted in more or less simple, flat
-tones, so as to carry some distance, and under the old methods, known
-as fresco painting, it was a process of painting in water colors on
-wet plaster, the portion of the wall on which the artist was to paint
-being prepared over night, so as to be in proper state to receive the
-color. The painter had to work from a scaffold. He was also hampered by
-awkward positions and, frequently, bad lighting facilities. This method
-was in general use from the early days of Giotto (1266-1337), to those
-of Raphael (1483-1520). Some of the Italians use it even now.
-
- * * * * *
-
-So mural painting differs materially from a picture painted on an
-easel. The easel picture has more detail, is placed in a frame when
-finished, and is destined to make a decorative spot on the walls. The
-modern mural painter now executes his design directly upon canvas in
-his studio, and when it is completed it is applied to the wall space by
-a composition of glue and white lead. When this is thoroughly dry it
-becomes practically a part of the construction, though it is possible
-at any time to remove it, by peeling it off, should it be necessary.
-As a rule, the painter of a great mural work makes first a small
-sketch. This is subsequently enlarged by himself, or his assistants,
-by the process of “squaring up,” and so it is brought to the correct
-size. These enlargements are known as “cartoons,” which are traced on
-the canvas or the plaster, and when thus drawn in are ready for the
-painter’s brush.
-
-Almost the first efforts of primitive man in picture making were
-decorations of the walls of his rude house, and later his temples
-and public buildings. There are examples from the civilizations of
-Egypt, Greece, and Rome wherein the work was carried to the greatest
-perfection. We have splendid specimens of brilliant coloring from the
-great temples in the land of the Pharaohs, on their tombs and palaces,
-that have remained fresh and well nigh perfect all these centuries,
-while throughout Italy, in palaces and churches the work of the
-Renaissance artists challenges the greatest admiration.
-
- * * * * *
-
-Upon the walls of the buried city of Pompeii still are frescoes that
-seem painted yesterday, so fresh is the color. The work of Michelangelo
-and of Raphael in the Vatican at Rome is perhaps the greatest of any
-known decorative efforts. Throughout France and Germany the work
-has been greatly fostered by commissions from the state for public
-buildings of all sorts, for splendid mansions and palaces of royalty.
-In France, particularly, great attention is given to mural work. The
-work of the French painter Puvis de Chavannes today is a return, to
-a certain extent, to the ideals and methods of expression, to the
-simplicity of theme and treatment of the early masters. He remains
-by general consent the greatest of all modern decorators, and we are
-fortunate in America in having admirable specimens of his work in the
-Boston Public Library. Our modern men, in their mural work, use as a
-rule oil paints mixed with wax, in order to secure a flat effect and to
-do away with any reflection on the surface.
-
-
-
-
-Complete Your Mentor Library
-
-
-Subscriptions always begin with the current issue. The following
-numbers of The Mentor Course, already issued, will be supplied at the
-rate of fifteen cents each. Send your list, and the numbers will be
-shipped at once, charges prepaid.
-
-Serial No.
-
- 1. Beautiful Children in Art
- 2. Makers of American Poetry
- 3. Washington, the Capital
- 4. Beautiful Women in Art
- 5. Romantic Ireland
- 6. Masters of Music
- 7. Natural Wonders of America
- 8. Pictures We Love to Live with
- 9. The Conquest of the Peaks
- 10. Scotland, the Land of Song and Scenery
- 11. Cherubs in Art
- 12. Statues with a Story
- 13. Story of America in Pictures: The Discoverers
- 14. London
- 15. The Story of Panama
- 16. American Birds of Beauty
- 17. Dutch Masterpieces
- 18. Paris, the Incomparable
- 19. Flowers of Decoration
- 20. Makers of American Humor
- 21. American Sea Painters
- 22. Story of America in Pictures: The Explorers
- 23. Sporting Vacations
- 24. Switzerland: The Land of Scenic Splendors
- 25. American Novelists
- 26. American Landscape Painters
- 27. Venice, the Island City
- 28. The Wife in Art
- 29. Great American Inventors
- 30. Furniture and its Makers
- 31. Spain and Gibraltar
- 32. Historic Spots of America
- 33. Beautiful Buildings of the World
- 34. Game Birds of America
- 35. Story of America in Pictures: The Contest for North America
- 36. Famous American Sculptors
- 37. The Conquest of the Poles
- 38. Napoleon
- 39. The Mediterranean
- 40. Angels in Art
- 41. Famous Composers
- 42. Egypt, the Land of Mystery
- 43. Story of America in Pictures: The Revolution
- 44. Famous English Poets
- 45. Makers of American Art
- 46. The Ruins of Rome
- 47. Makers of Modern Opera
- 48. Dürer and Holbein
- 49. Vienna, the Queen City
- 50. Ancient Athens
- 51. The Barbizon Painters
- 52. Abraham Lincoln: Volume 2
- 53. George Washington
- 54. Mexico
- 55. Famous American Women Painters
- 56. The Conquest of the Air
- 57. Court Painters of France
- 58. Holland
- 59. Our Feathered Friends
- 60. Glacier National Park
- 61. Michelangelo
- 62. American Colonial Furniture
- 63. American Wild Flowers
- 64. Gothic Architecture
- 65. The Story of the Rhine
- 66. Shakespeare
-
-
-
-
-THE MENTOR COURSE TO COME
-
-
-The next number of The Mentor, to appear on October 1, will contain six
-beautiful photogravures.
-
-CELEBRATED ANIMAL CHARACTERS
-
-Silver King, Ivan, Sultan, Czar, Gunder, The Bison Herd _By W. T.
-HORNADAY, Director New York Zoölogical Park_
-
-NUMBERS TO FOLLOW
-
-Oct. 15. JAPAN
-
-One of Mr. Elmendorf’s interesting travel articles, full of information
-about a country that engages the interest of the whole world today. The
-pictures are varied and most attractive.
-
-_By Dwight L. Elmendorf, Lecturer and Traveler._
-
-Nov. 2. THE STORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
-
-Professor Hart presents in a style that is both scholarly and popular
-the great drama of French history. There are many volumes treating of
-single phases, or chapters of the French Revolution, but Professor
-Hart’s article supplies a real need in picturing in large, simple
-outlines the great subject as a whole, so that any reader may get a
-complete impression. The illustrations picture the great personages and
-important events of the Revolution.
-
-_By Albert Bushnell Hart, Professor of Government, Harvard University._
-
-Nov. 16. RUGS AND RUG MAKING
-
-Mr. Mumford is qualified as few are to write on this subject. He has
-traveled for years in pursuit of the study of rugs, and he is the
-author of a standard work on the subject. He writes, moreover, in an
-easy, entertaining, and informing way. The pictures, some of which are
-in full colors, contribute great value, interest, and beauty to the
-article.
-
-_By J. K. Mumford, Author and Expert on Oriental Rugs._
-
-Dec. 1. ALASKA
-
-One of the most important and interesting travel articles that The
-Mentor has offered. The writer, Mr. Belmore Browne, knows Alaska more
-thoroughly perhaps than any living writer and artist. He has been for
-years an explorer and hunter of big game in the far Northwest, and he
-is celebrated especially for having achieved the conquest of Mount
-McKinley together with Professor Herschel Parker.
-
-_By Belmore Browne, Explorer, Author and Artist._
-
-
-
-
-The Mentor Service
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-
-This service covers the needs of those who want to gain knowledge by an
-easy and agreeable method.
-
-Send for our booklet descriptive of The Mentor Club Service. It
-presents many varied Mentor courses specially planned for the use of
-reading clubs.
-
-The Mentor Association will supply to its members supplementary reading
-courses dealing with any or all of the subjects in The Mentor Courses.
-These courses of reading are prepared under the direction of the
-Advisory Board of The Mentor--all of them prominent educators.
-
-The Mentor Association will also secure books for members, supplying
-them postpaid at publishers’ prices.
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-intelligent service in answering inquiries concerning books, reading,
-and all matters of general information having a bearing on The Mentor
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-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mentor: American Mural Painters, vol.
-2, Num 15, Serial No. 67, September 15, 1, by Arthur Hoeber
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-
-
-Title: The Mentor: American Mural Painters, vol. 2, Num 15, Serial No. 67, September 15, 1914
-
-Author: Arthur Hoeber
-
-Release Date: December 12, 2015 [EBook #50673]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MENTOR: AMERICAN MURAL ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
-
-
-
-
-
-
-</pre>
-
-
-<h1>THE MENTOR 1914.09.15, No. 67,<br />
-American Mural Painters</h1>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 486px;">
-<img src="images/cover.jpg" width="486" height="700" alt="Cover page" />
-</div>
-
-<div class="bbox" style="width: 25em; margin: auto;">
-
-<p class="center gesperrt smaller">LEARN ONE THING<br />
-EVERY DAY</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">September 15, 1914<br />
-Vol 2 No. 15</p>
-
-<p class="center"><span class="larger">THE<br />
-MENTOR</span><br />
-<br />
-AMERICAN<br />
-MURAL<br />
-PAINTERS</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">DEPARTMENT OF<br />
-FINE ARTS</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">Serial Number 67</p>
-
-<p class="center">FIFTEEN CENTS A COPY</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="bbox">
-
-<h2>The Mentor Association</h2>
-
-<div class="blockquote">
-
-<p class="noindent">ESTABLISHED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF
-A POPULAR INTEREST IN ART, LITERATURE,
-SCIENCE, HISTORY, NATURE, AND TRAVEL</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 111px;">
-<img src="images/mentor-bldg.jpg" width="111" height="150" alt="(decorative)" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="center">THE ADVISORY BOARD</p>
-
-<table summary="Advisory board members">
- <tr>
- <td><i>JOHN G. HIBBEN</i></td><td class="tdr"><i>President of Princeton University</i></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><i>HAMILTON W. MABIE</i></td><td class="tdr"><i>Author and Editor</i></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><i>JOHN C. VAN DYKE</i></td><td class="tdr"><i>Professor of the History of Art, Rutgers College</i></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><i>ALBERT BUSHNELL HART</i></td><td class="tdr"><i>Professor of Government, Harvard University</i></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><i>WILLIAM T. HORNADAY</i></td><td class="tdr"><i>Director New York Zoölogical Park</i></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><i>DWIGHT L. ELMENDORF</i></td><td class="tdr"><i>Lecturer and Traveler</i></td>
- </tr>
-</table>
-
-<p class="center">THE PLAN OF THE ASSOCIATION</p>
-
-<p>The purpose of The Mentor Association is to give its members, in an
-interesting and attractive way, the information in various fields of
-knowledge which everybody wants and ought to have. The information
-is imparted by interesting reading matter, prepared under the
-direction of leading authorities, and by beautiful pictures, produced by the
-most highly perfected modern processes.</p>
-
-<p>The object of The Mentor Association is to enable people to acquire
-useful knowledge without effort, so that they may come easily and agreeably
-to know the world’s great men and women, the great achievements
-and the permanently interesting things in art, literature, science, history,
-nature, and travel.</p>
-
-<p>The purpose of the Association is carried out by means of simple readable
-text and beautiful illustrations in The Mentor.</p>
-
-<p>The annual subscription is Three Dollars, covering The Mentor
-Course, which comprises twenty-four numbers of The Mentor in one year.</p>
-
-<p class="center">THE MENTOR</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">SUBSCRIPTION, THREE DOLLARS A YEAR.
-SINGLE COPIES FIFTEEN CENTS. FOREIGN
-POSTAGE 75 CENTS EXTRA. CANADIAN
-POSTAGE 50 CENTS EXTRA. ENTERED
-AT THE POST-OFFICE AT NEW YORK, N.Y.,
-AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER. COPYRIGHT,
-1915, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION,
-INC. PRESIDENT AND TREASURER, R.
-M. DONALDSON; VICE-PRESIDENT, W. M.
-SANFORD; SECRETARY, L. D. GARDNER</p>
-
-<p class="center"><i>Issued Semi-Monthly by</i><br />
-<span class="smcap larger">The Mentor Association, Inc.</span><br />
-52 EAST 19th STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y.</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;">
-<img src="images/plate1.jpg" width="650" height="460" alt="" />
-<p class="caption">THE PLEIADES, by Elihu Vedder. In the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City.</p>
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<h2>American Mural Painters<br />
-<span class="smaller">ELIHU VEDDER</span></h2>
-
-<p class="centerbold">Monograph Number One in The Mentor Reading Course</p>
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-fancy-e.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">Elihu Vedder said of his parents, “My mother went to
-church; but I know that wherever a fish was to be found
-my father went fishing,” and of his mother he said further,
-“It had always been my mother’s wish that I should be a
-great artist, and for her sake I wish it could have been so.”</p>
-
-<p>Vedder was born in New York City on February 26, 1836, and as a
-boy attended the Brinkerhoff School in Brooklyn. In this institution
-the greatest virtue was a good memory; the pupil who could best memorize
-his lessons stood highest. Consequently Vedder, who always had
-a bad memory, stood at the foot of his class. Nevertheless he showed
-early evidences of his talent.</p>
-
-<p>He first studied under the genre (jonr) and historical painter Tompkins
-H. Mattison, at Sherburne, New York. Then he went to Paris to study
-in the atelier of the French painter Picot. He went to Italy in 1857,
-where he worked for some years, and then returned to the United States
-and remained there until 1865. In that year he was elected to full
-membership in the National Academy of Design, New York City. He
-went back to Paris and spent one winter there; but in January, 1867,
-moved to Rome, where he has ever since resided. He has made many
-visits to the United States; but Italy is his favorite dwelling place.</p>
-
-<p>At first Vedder devoted himself to the painting of genre pictures.
-These, however, attracted only a little attention until 1884, when he
-illustrated the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam. This immediately gave
-him a high place in the art world. His important decorative work came
-later. These subjects are principally imaginative.</p>
-
-<p>A pen picture by H. T. Carpenter, of Vedder in his Italian home,
-gives a good idea of the personality of the man: “The picturesque personality
-of the painter would impress one, whatever and wherever the
-surroundings. As he came down those stone steps” (of his studio in
-Rome), “a bunch of large keys in his hand to open the gate, explaining
-the while the reason for the absence of the porter and attendant of all
-work, with a gentleness born of a natural sympathy for the under dog,
-he looked the man one might imagine the creator of such work as is
-shown in the series of drawings of the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, or
-the Congressional Library and the Bowdoin College decorations, or the
-mural work in the Huntington house, with its incomparable central figure,
-Luna,&mdash;his abundant wavy white hair, features of marked strength,
-penetrating blue eyes, which alternately twinkled and analyzed, a long,
-flowing white mustache, a striking head on massive shoulders, tall in
-height; in fine, a picture of rugged picturesqueness that stood out even
-in that land of artistic individuality, but never for a moment taken for
-anything but a fine type of American. His manner was cordial, frank,
-sincere, and unaffected, and one soon found out he was a good hater of
-shams.”</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br />
-ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 2, No. 15. SERIAL No. 67<br />
-COPYRIGHT, 1914. BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. INC.<br /></p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;">
-<img src="images/plate2.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" />
-<p class="caption">DETAIL OF THE ANTHONY DREXEL MEMORIAL CHANCEL, by E. H. Blashfield.</p>
-<p class="caption">In the Church of the Savior, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.</p>
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<h2>American Mural Painters<br />
-<span class="smaller">EDWIN HOWLAND BLASHFIELD</span></h2>
-
-<p class="centerbold">Monograph Number Two in The Mentor Reading Course</p>
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-fancy-e.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">Edwin Howland Blashfield has a place in the front
-rank of American mural painters through his elevation of
-thought and his masterly execution. His imagination is
-fertile and his treatment of subjects highly decorative. He
-has been able to paint both history and legend, and has
-placed them side by side in the same compositions.</p>
-
-<p>He was born on December 15, 1848, in New York City. He is a son
-of William Henry Blashfield, and a brother of Albert Dodd Blashfield,
-the illustrator.</p>
-
-<p>Blashfield studied first at the Boston Latin School. Then, in 1867,
-he went to Paris to study under Leon Bonnât. He also received valuable
-advice from Gérôme and Chapù. He exhibited for many years at the
-Paris Salon, and also at the Royal Academy in London. In 1881 he
-returned to the United States and married.</p>
-
-<p>For some years he was a painter of genre pictures; that is, pictures
-of common life and its associations. Then he turned to decorative work,
-which was marked by rare delicacy and beauty of color. At the World’s
-Fair in Chicago in 1893 he painted mural decorations for a dome in the
-Manufacturers’ Building. Later he did the great central dome of the
-Congressional Library at Washington, the drawing room for the Huntington
-residence, the decoration for the courtroom in the courthouse at
-Baltimore, the decoration of the entire chancel in the Church of the
-Savior at Philadelphia, and many other masterpieces of mural art.</p>
-
-<p>Blashfield is well known as a lecturer on art, and has written many
-articles dealing with the subject. With Mrs. Blashfield he wrote, in
-1900, “Italian Cities,” and together, with A. A. Hopkins, they edited
-Vasari’s “Lives of the Painters.”</p>
-
-<p>At one time Blashfield was president of the Society of American
-Artists. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters,
-and many other societies. He makes his home in New York City.</p>
-
-<p>Blashfield has received many honors and medals, including a bronze
-medal at the Paris Exposition in 1900, a gold medal at the St. Louis
-Exposition in 1904, a Carnegie prize in 1911, and others.</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br />
-ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 2, No. 15. SERIAL No. 67<br />
-COPYRIGHT, 1914. BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. INC.<br /></p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;">
-<p class="captionleft">Copyright by M. G. Abbey.</p>
-<p class="captionright">From a Copley Print. Copyright by Curtis &amp; Cameron, Inc.</p>
-<img src="images/plate3.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" />
-<p class="caption">THE APOTHEOSIS OF PENNSYLVANIA, <span class="smcap">By E. A. Abbey</span>. IN THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE CAPITOL AT HARRISBURG</p>
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<h2>American Mural Painters<br />
-<span class="smaller">EDWIN AUSTIN ABBEY</span></h2>
-
-<p class="centerbold">Monograph Number Three in The Mentor Reading Course</p>
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-fancy-w.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">Walk into the Public Library at Boston, and you will find
-yourself in the midst of some of the most magnificent mural
-decorations in America. There we find the great frieze of
-The Prophets, by John Sargent, and in the delivery room is
-the great decoration by Edwin Austin Abbey which is called
-“The Quest of the Holy Grail.”</p>
-
-<p>In the early part of his life Edwin Abbey was an illustrator, celebrated
-chiefly for his pen drawings. In later life his work became larger
-in character, and he turned naturally to mural painting.</p>
-
-<p>Edwin Austin Abbey was born in Philadelphia, April 1, 1852. He
-studied first at the schools of the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts;
-but at the age of nineteen left this and entered the art department of
-the publishing house of Harper &amp; Bros., New York City, where he became
-successful as an illustrator. Associated with him were such artists
-as Howard Pyle, C. S. Reinhart, and Joseph Pennell. In 1878 Harpers’
-planned to publish the poems of Robert Herrick, and sent Abbey to
-England to gather material for the illustrations. These were published
-in 1882, and attracted much attention. Illustrations for Goldsmith’s
-“She Stoops to Conquer,” for a volume of old songs, and for the comedies
-and a few of the tragedies of Shakespeare, followed. His water colors
-and pastels were successful in the same degree.</p>
-
-<p>Abbey by this time had become closely identified with the art life
-of England. In 1883 he was elected to the Royal Institute of Painters
-in Water Colors. His first oil painting was exhibited at the Royal Academy
-in London in 1890, which was called “A May Day Morning.” He
-became a full Royal Academician in 1898.</p>
-
-<p>His mural decoration called “The Quest of the Holy Grail,” in the
-Boston Public Library, on which he was occupied for several years, deserves
-special mention. In 1901 King Edward VII commissioned him
-to paint a picture of the coronation. During his life many honors were
-showered upon him. Abbey died in 1911.</p>
-
-<p>In “The Apotheosis of Pennsylvania,” below to the left are Sir Walter
-Raleigh, who had a grant in Pennsylvania; Henry Hudson, who discovered
-and sailed up the Delaware River; Captain Minuit, the explorer
-and navigator, and others. To the right are a pioneer and representatives
-of various religious sects that settled in Pennsylvania. Below
-these, beginning at the left, are ships on the stocks, the city troopers,
-General Wayne, Atkinson (the first American judge), the first provost
-of the University of Pennsylvania, Bishop White (the first American
-bishop), and others, among them Dr. Caspar Wistar, Benjamin Franklin,
-William Penn, and Robert Morris. At the left are Governor Curtis
-and Thaddeus Stevens cheering the soldiers of 1861 marching to defend
-the state, officered by Generals Hancock and Meade. On the right are
-miners and workers in steel and iron, machinery, and so forth.</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br />
-ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 2, No. 15. SERIAL No. 67<br />
-COPYRIGHT, 1914. BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. INC.<br /></p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;">
-<p class="captionleft">Copyright by Edward Simmons.</p>
-<p class="captionright">From a Copley Print. Copyright by Curtis &amp; Cameron, Inc.</p>
-<img src="images/plate4.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" />
-<p class="caption">RETURN OF THE BATTLE FLAGS, by Edward Simmons. In the Massachusetts State House. Boston, Massachusetts.</p>
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<h2>American Mural Painters<br />
-<span class="smaller">EDWARD EMERSON SIMMONS</span></h2>
-
-<p class="centerbold">Monograph Number Four in The Mentor Reading Course</p>
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-fancy-e.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">Edward Emerson Simmons had many disappointments
-to contend with during the early part of his life; but
-he overcame them all, and has made for himself a place in the
-foremost rank of American artists.</p>
-
-<p>He comes from good old Massachusetts stock. His
-mother was a sister of Ralph Waldo Emerson, the famous American
-poet and essayist. Simmons was born at Concord, Massachusetts, on
-October 27, 1852. He went to Harvard University, and graduated from
-there in 1874 with great honor. It is a fact worthy of remark that the
-class of 1874 contains many men who have achieved distinction.</p>
-
-<p>After graduating Simmons went to Paris to study art, where his
-teachers were Lefebvre and Boulanger. At the schools he was very
-popular, and his easel was the favorite loafing place for the other members
-of his class.</p>
-
-<p>In 1881 he exhibited at the Salon a portrait of a gentleman in Highland
-costume, which attracted great attention. The following summer he
-went to Brittany, where he remained for sometime. He made his home
-at Concarneau in Finistère, a fishing port famous for its sardines. There
-Simmons experimented with all kinds of painting,&mdash;landscape, marine,
-and figure,&mdash;and took the lead in the art life of the colony, among whom
-were painters from France, England, and America.</p>
-
-<p>In 1882 he sent to the Salon a painting called “La Blanchisseuse,” a
-picture of a Breton girl carrying the clothes from the brookside, where
-she had been washing them, which is a custom in Brittany. The picture
-received honorable mention.</p>
-
-<p>In 1891 his class at Harvard decided to give a memorial window, and
-Simmons got the commission. Then came the World’s Fair at Chicago
-in 1893, and Simmons obtained the commission to decorate the dome of
-the Liberal Arts Building. He chose for his subject four objects of American
-labor,&mdash;wood, iron, stone, and fiber. This painting shows strength,
-directness, simplicity, and dignity. It was his first mural decoration,
-and was a good experience. He saw his opportunity and made the most
-of it.</p>
-
-<p>Almost immediately came the commission to decorate the Criminal
-Court Buildings of the Courts of Oyer and Terminer in the city of New
-York, which he worked out with enthusiasm. The subject represented
-is Justice, in the shape of a stately, dignified figure with a globe in one
-hand and the scales in the other. He draped this figure in an American
-flag; a hard problem, but cleverly worked out. The side panels to the
-right represent the Three Fates; those to the left, Liberty, Equality,
-and Fraternity.</p>
-
-<p>Then came the commission for decorating the Congressional Library
-at Washington. He chose as his subject the nine muses.</p>
-
-<p>Following this he received many commissions for work in private residences,
-and for a series of paintings for the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New
-York City.</p>
-
-<p>Simmons was one of the original members of the Ten American Painters,
-and is a member of the National Institute of Arts and Letters.</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br />
-ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 2, No. 15. SERIAL No. 67<br />
-COPYRIGHT, 1914. BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. INC.<br /></p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 225px;">
-<p class="captionleft">FROM A COPLEY PRINT. COPYRIGHT BY CURTIS &amp; CAMERON, INC.</p>
-<img src="images/plate5.jpg" width="225" height="650" alt="" />
-<p class="caption">HOSEA&mdash;DETAIL OF THE PROPHETS, <span class="smcap">by John Sargent</span></p>
-<p class="caption">IN THE PUBLIC LIBRARY. BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS</p>
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="blockquote">
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-fancy-h.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">“Hosea,” a detail of the frieze of “The
-Prophets,” by John Singer Sargent, in
-the Public Library, Boston, is the
-subject of one of the intaglio-gravure
-pictures illustrating “American Mural Painters.”</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h2>JOHN SINGER SARGENT</h2>
-
-<p class="centerbold">Monograph Number Five in The Mentor Reading Course</p>
-
-<p>John Singer Sargent has been
-called the most “modern of moderns,
-one of the most dazzling men of talent
-of the present day.”</p>
-
-<p>Sargent is in reality an American only
-by parentage; for he was born at Florence,
-Italy, on January 12, 1858, and
-since 1884 has lived in London. Sargent’s
-father was Dr. Fitzwilliam Sargent,
-a distinguished Boston physician.
-Sargent as a child was very sensitive, and
-was greatly influenced by the art treasures
-of his birthplace. He received his early
-education in Italy and Germany, and his
-impressionable nature amid such surroundings
-was shaped by the atmosphere
-of the famous Tuscan city, which left its
-refining mark upon all his work. The
-parents of many artists of genius have
-attempted to dissuade their sons from
-becoming painters. On the contrary,
-however, Sargent’s parents encouraged
-him to draw from the canvases of Veronese,
-Titian, and Tintoretto.</p>
-
-<p>In 1874, when Sargent was only eighteen,
-he went to Paris to study, entering
-the atelier of Carolus-Duran. A portrait
-of his teacher painted toward the
-close of his studentship won the commendation
-of the best judges. He received
-an honorable mention in the Salon
-in 1878, and in 1881 a second-class medal
-for his “Portrait of a Young Lady,” which
-has been made famous by the appreciation
-of Henry James, the distinguished
-American novelist. As an artist with a
-future he turned his steps to Spain. In
-Madrid he studied the canvases of Velasquez
-carefully, and this master has influenced
-his entire art career. He seemed
-to come so close to this great painter that
-he was enabled to bring into the nineteenth
-century the power of the most
-modern of fifteenth century painters.</p>
-
-<p>Sargent returned to Paris in 1882 and
-exhibited “El Jaleo,” a picture representing
-a Spanish woman dancing, which
-attracted a great deal of attention, and
-is now in the Boston Art Museum. Soon
-afterward Sargent drifted to London, and
-in 1886 his “Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose”
-brought him immediate recognition. He
-rapidly became known in London as a
-brilliant portrait painter, and year by
-year his Academy portraits were the
-features of the exhibitions. His success
-was now assured, and his sitters included
-the men and women of greatest distinction
-in the literary, artistic, and social life
-of both Europe and America.</p>
-
-<p>He is best known as a portrait painter;
-but at the same time he has done much
-excellent decorative work, and his decorations
-for the Boston Public Library,
-“The Pageant of Religion,” among which
-was the frieze of “The Prophets,” which
-were completed in 1903, placed him
-among the leading mural painters of
-America.</p>
-
-<p>Sargent was elected a member of the
-Royal Academy in London in 1894, and
-in addition to this he has won many other
-honors. And unlike many American artists
-residing in Europe, he has always
-retained his directness and independence.</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br />
-ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 2, No. 15. SERIAL No. 67<br />
-COPYRIGHT, 1914. BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. INC.<br /></p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;">
-<p class="captionleft">Copyright 1907 by DeW C. Ward.</p>
-<img src="images/plate6.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" />
-<p class="caption">THE BENEFICENCE OF THE LAW by Kenyon Cox. In the Essex County Courthouse, Newark, New Jersey.</p>
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<h2>American Mural Painters<br />
-<span class="smaller">KENYON COX</span></h2>
-
-<p class="centerbold">Monograph Number Six in The Mentor Reading Course</p>
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-fancy-n.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">Not only has Kenyon Cox placed himself in the front rank of
-American artists through his paintings, but he has also
-made a name for himself as an art critic.</p>
-
-<p>He was born at Warren, Ohio, on October 27, 1856. His
-father was General Jacob Dolson Cox. He studied art when
-quite young, first at Cincinnati and Philadelphia, and then at the age of
-twenty-one went to Paris to study. There for five years he was under
-Carolus-Duran and Gérôme.</p>
-
-<p>In 1882 he returned to New York and opened a studio there. Shortly
-after this he began teaching in the Art Students’ League, and had much
-success in that line. In 1892 he married Louise Howland King, who is
-well known as a painter herself.</p>
-
-<p>The earlier work of Cox consisted mostly of the nude. He received
-little encouragement for these pictures, however, and turned to mural
-decoration, in which he has achieved prominence. His first step toward
-mural work was the painting of two decorations for the Library of Congress
-at Washington. In two tympanums (the flat, triangular part of a
-pediment) each thirty-four feet in length, he has painted the Arts and
-the Sciences. Among his better known examples are the frieze for the
-courtroom of the Appellate Court, New York City, and the decorations
-for the Walker Art Gallery at Bowdoin College, for the Capitol at St.
-Paul, Minnesota, and for other public and private buildings. His decoration,
-“The Beneficence of the Law,” in the Essex County Courthouse
-at Newark, New Jersey, is one of his best-known paintings.</p>
-
-<p>Of late years Mr. Cox has spent much time on wall decorations. He
-is a maker of pictures and a master of line; but is not an interpreter of
-life nor an exploiter of ideas.</p>
-
-<p>He is the author of a number of books on art, among which are “Old
-Masters and New,” and “Painters and Sculptors,” in addition to some
-poems. He was elected to the National Academy in 1903, and has received
-many medals and honors.</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br />
-ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 2, No. 15. SERIAL No. 67<br />
-COPYRIGHT, 1914. BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION. INC.<br /></p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus15.jpg" width="400" height="117" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Copyright, by Hotel Imperial</p>
-
-<p class="caption">Bowling on the Green, by E. A. Abbey. In the grill of the Hotel Imperial, New York City</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h2>AMERICAN<br />
-MURAL PAINTERS</h2>
-
-<p class="center">By ARTHUR HOEBER</p>
-
-<p class="center"><i>Author, Artist, and Critic</i></p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 40px;">
-<img src="images/book.jpg" width="40" height="40" alt="(decorative)" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="center">THE MENTOR · DEPARTMENT OF FINE ARTS · SEPT. 15, 1914</p>
-
-<p class="center"><i>MENTOR GRAVURES</i></p>
-
-<ul>
-<li>RETURN OF THE BATTLE FLAGS<br />By Edward Simmons</li>
-<li>THE APOTHEOSIS OF PENNSYLVANIA<br />By E. A. Abbey</li>
-<li>THE BENEFICENCE OF THE LAW<br />By Kenyon Cox</li>
-<li>HOSEA&mdash;DETAIL OF THE PROPHETS<br />By John Sargent</li>
-<li>DETAIL OF THE ANTHONY DREXEL MEMORIAL CHANCEL<br />By E. H. Blashfield</li>
-<li>THE PLEIADES<br />By Elihu Vedder</li>
-</ul>
-
-<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus16a.jpg" width="300" height="300" alt="" />
-
-<p class="caption">DAWN, by T. W. Dewing</p>
-
-<p class="caption">Ceiling decoration in the grill of the Hotel Imperial,
-New York City</p>
-
-<div class="poetry-container">
-<div class="poetry">
-<div class="verse">“Oh, tenderly the haughty day</div>
-<div class="verse">Fills his blue urn with fire!”</div>
-<p class="right">&mdash;Ralph Waldo Emerson.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>The story of mural painting in America dates back just a trifle over
-half a century; yet so rapidly do we develop things in this country
-that today the names of half a hundred men and women who have
-done distinguished work in this direction come to mind in any review of
-native accomplishment. However, the art of decoration is one of the oldest
-in the history of the world, examples of which have been handed down
-from almost prehistoric times. Traditions reach us&mdash;examples too&mdash;from
-the great civilizations of Egypt, Assyria, Greece, Rome, in Europe;
-while on our own continent there remain records of art in the way of
-wall decorations in Mexico and Central America, of beauty, taste, and
-invention, that baffle all efforts to classify as to their age. Says a
-great art writer, “No society, however rudimentary, has altogether
-ignored art.” Within the last few years prehistoric paintings by men
-who probably lived on reindeer flesh have been discovered in caves of the
-Pyrenees, paintings of no little artistic merit and surely artistic instinct.</p>
-
-<p>With the name of John La Farge must begin any account of the history
-of mural painting in America. The name is an honored one in the
-annals of our art development, and he has been dead only a few years,
-after a long life of devotion to high artistic ideals. It was in 1861 that he
-completed a panel for the church of the Paulist Fathers, in New York.
-The theme was “Saint Paul Preaching at Athens.” The architects, however,
-rejected the work for reasons
-that seem never to have been recorded,
-and the next year La Farge
-began a large triptych<a name="FNanchor_1" id="FNanchor_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> of “The
-Crucifixion”; though he completed
-only two of the smaller
-divisions of the composition.
-These he kept in his studio for
-many years, until they were purchased
-by the late William C.
-Whitney. But his work in the
-meantime had been remarked,
-and he received an order for some
-decorations for a dining room;
-while the architect H. H. Richardson,
-in 1876, offered him a commission
-to take charge of the
-interior decoration of Trinity
-Church, Boston. This work was
-completed in about four months.
-La Farge chose as assistants Francis Lathrop, Francis D. Millet, George
-W. Maynard, and Augustus Saint-Gaudens the sculptor, among others.
-The work was satisfactorily completed, and remains today one of the
-great accomplishments in this country. After this La Farge was asked
-to decorate Saint Thomas’ Church in New York, which was followed
-by his decorations for the Church of the Incarnation in the same city.</p>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_1" id="Footnote_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> A picture on three panels side by side.</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus16b.jpg" width="400" height="209" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Copyright, 1904</p>
-
-<p class="caption">THE EDICT OF TOLERATION, by E. H. Blashfield</p>
-
-<p class="caption">This is the central section of a decoration in the courthouse at Baltimore, Maryland</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus17.jpg" width="400" height="208" alt="" />
-
-<p class="caption">THE LIGHT OF
-LEARNING</p>
-
-<p class="caption">By Kenyon Cox</p>
-
-<p class="caption">Lunette in the
-public library
-at Winona,
-Minnesota</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h3>LA FARGE’S MASTERPIECE</h3>
-
-<p>In the Church of the Ascension, however, is La Farge’s masterpiece,
-without doubt the greatest piece of church decoration in this country.
-The theme is “The Ascension of Our Lord,” a composition arranged in
-two groups, one of the ascending Christ amid the clouds, the other of the
-disciples with Mary the Mother standing on the ground gazing upon the
-wonder passing beyond their vision. The composition is one of great
-dignity and deep religious feeling; the vision of the painter is most distinguished;
-while there are both balance and harmony, and the color
-scheme is highly decorative and rich.</p>
-
-<p>The work was immediately followed by many others, including a
-music room for the residence of the late Whitelaw Reid, rooms in the residence
-of Cornelius Vanderbilt, and many churches; while later was to
-come the work for great public buildings, culminating in the decorations
-for the Supreme Court room of the new capitol at St. Paul, Minnesota, a
-colossal undertaking comprising many large panels. La Farge did not,
-however, confine his activities entirely to mural painting; for during his
-long career in art he was identified with work in stained glass, to which he
-gave great attention. His achievements in this direction were among the
-most distinguished that have ever been attained in the history of the world.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus18.jpg" width="400" height="243" alt="" />
-
-<p class="caption">EGYPTIAN
-DANCE</p>
-
-<p class="caption">By William De L.
-Dodge</p>
-
-<p class="caption">In the Majestic
-Theater at
-Boston,
-Massachusetts</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h3>WILLIAM M. HUNT</h3>
-
-<p>Before we come to the group of present workers in mural painting
-it is necessary that we consider an earlier man, again one of the pioneers,
-the artist William M. Hunt of Boston, who in 1878 obtained the commission
-to decorate the New York state capitol at Albany. The result was
-a fine series of pictures, well composed; but unfortunately they survive
-only in reproductions, the originals having been painted directly on the
-walls. These, owing to faulty construction, did not long remain intact,
-falling out of plumb, and they had to be supported by beams until they
-were finally entirely destroyed. Hunt had been a pupil of Thomas Couture
-(koo-toor´) in Paris, a man who had strong influence on his work, and these
-decorations were very reminiscent of his master. The pictures were fifteen
-by forty-five feet in size, and the themes were “The Flight of Night”
-and “The Discoverer,” of which only photographs remain to tell the tale.</p>
-
-<p>Today the mural painter produces his work on canvas instead of on
-the wall, a process that enables him to do most of the labor in the studio,
-and in case of necessity this, after being attached to the walls, can be
-taken down again and so preserved.</p>
-
-<h3>MURAL ART AT “THE WHITE CITY”</h3>
-
-<p>It was on the occasion of the planning of the World’s Columbian
-Exposition of 1893 in Chicago that the first real impetus to mural decoration
-was given in America. This occasion disclosed to the citizen the
-possibilities of the native
-artist, as well as the
-esthetic value of such
-embellishment in public
-edifice and in private
-home. The administrative
-body of the fair,
-determining upon a decorative
-scheme to be
-properly carried out,
-appointed to take
-charge of the mural
-painting Francis D.
-Millet, and as assistant,
-Charles Yardley Turner.
-A selection of
-artists was made to execute the work, who were J. Alden Weir, Edwin
-Howland Blashfield, George W. Maynard, Robert Reid, Edward Simmons,
-Charles Stanley Reinhart, Carroll Beckwith, Kenyon Cox, Gari
-Melchers, William De L. Dodge, and Walter McEwen.</p>
-
-<div class="figleft" style="width: 300px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus19a.jpg" width="300" height="195" alt="" />
-
-<p class="caption">THE CUMÆAN SIBYL, by Elihu Vedder</p>
-
-<p class="caption">At Wellesley College</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus19b.jpg" width="300" height="226" alt="" />
-
-<p class="caption">Copyright, 1898, by E. Vedder. From a Copley Print, copyright, 1899, by Curtis &amp; Cameron, Inc.</p>
-
-<p class="caption">SAMSON, by Elihu Vedder</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>Blashfield and Maynard had had some slight experience in decorative
-work; but the rest were practically novices, though all had been serious,
-capable students in Paris, and were familiar with examples of the decorative
-arts of history. Millet was a rare executive, a man who was subsequently
-to do an enormous amount of just such work. It will be remembered that he went
-down to his death in
-the ill-fated Titanic. Of
-the rest of the group
-Weir, Reinhart, Beckwith,
-Melchers, and McEwen
-returned to their
-easel picture work after
-the Chicago fair, with
-only an occasional decoration.
-Blashfield,
-Maynard, Simmons,
-Cox, and Dodge have,
-however, continued to
-be strongly identified
-with mural work, and
-these men must receive
-closer attention. The
-decorative scheme at
-Chicago was a remarkable achievement, all things considered, and the
-grounds were referred to as “The White City,” “The Fair City,” “The
-City of Dreams,” and finally, alas! as “The Vanishing City”; but in reality
-nothing like it was ever seen before and probably never will be again.</p>
-
-<div class="figleft" style="width: 300px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus20.jpg" width="300" height="265" alt="" />
-
-<p class="caption">THE PROPHETS, by John Sargent</p>
-
-<p class="caption">In the Boston Library. Center panel, showing Elijah, Moses, and Joshua</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h3>EDWIN HOWLAND BLASHFIELD</h3>
-
-<p>Of this group Mr. Blashfield has been more largely identified
-with decorations all over the land than the rest. The list of his
-mural work is a large one. A pupil of Bonnât’s (bo-nah´) in Paris, a writer of
-great charm, and a most serious student of his profession, Mr. Blashfield
-brought to his art scholarly endowments of a high order. After his work of
-decorating the dome of the Manufacturers’ Building at Chicago came a
-series of commissions to embellish various homes of private individuals,&mdash;Collis
-P. Huntington, the Drexels, the Vanderbilts, Adolf Lewisohn, and
-others,&mdash;with work for the Library of Congress, the Appellate Court of
-New York, the ballroom of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, the Prudential
-Life Insurance Company of Newark, New Jersey, the state capitols of Minnesota,
-Wisconsin, Idaho, and other states, with innumerable courthouses
-at Baltimore, Newark, Hudson County (New Jersey), Youngstown (Ohio),
-the Federal Building at Cleveland, some schools, and many more. In
-these he disclosed enormous invention, great facility, a good pictorial sense
-of composition, and
-generally a scholarly
-grasp of decorative
-requirements.</p>
-
-<h3>KENYON COX</h3>
-
-<p>Kenyon Cox,
-likewise a pupil of
-the Paris schools
-under J. L. Gérôme
-(zhay-rome´), has
-been largely identified
-with decorative
-work throughout
-the land. A distinguished
-draftsman
-and a writer on
-art as well, Mr. Cox
-is represented with
-decorations in the
-Walker Art Gallery,
-Bowdoin College, in
-various state capitols
-and public libraries, in the Appellate Court of New York and other
-courthouses throughout the Union, and was awarded the medal of honor for
-mural painting by the Architectural League in 1910. He too is represented
-in the mural decorations of the Congressional Library at Washington.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus21.jpg" width="400" height="203" alt="" />
-
-<p class="caption">THE LIGHT OF
-LEARNING</p>
-
-<p class="caption">By Robert Reid</p>
-
-<p class="caption">Copyright, 1909,
-by Robert Reid</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h3>JOHN SINGER SARGENT</h3>
-
-<p>Mr. Sargent, perhaps the most prominent figure in the modern
-world of art, a man whose success has rarely been duplicated, a
-painter of the portrait above all, has confined his mural work to the decorations
-in the Boston Public Library. These are of such superlative
-quality as to cause regret that the man, in the course of a most active
-artistic life, could not have found time to do more. Mr. Sargent’s parents
-were Americans. They are his sole claim to nationality; for he was
-born in Italy, received his art education in France, and has resided for
-many years in England. Sargent, in short, is thoroughly cosmopolitan
-in himself and in his art. His Boston Library decorations are singularly
-original, of profound symbolism, disclosing deep intellectuality and
-serious study. His work here, says William A. Coffin, “as a whole
-is like a casket of jewels.” It consists of a frieze, a lunette,<a name="FNanchor_2" id="FNanchor_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a> and an
-arched ceiling. In the latter are depicted the gods of polytheism and
-idolatry; there are panels of the Prophets in the lunette, and the Jews
-are represented by twelve nude figures in subjection to the Egyptians
-and Assyrians, typified by figures of Pharaoh and the Assyrian king.
-It is a most elaborate symbolism, thoroughly consistent, wonderfully
-worked out, and of absorbing interest.</p>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_2" id="Footnote_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> A form of decoration over door, window or in arches&mdash;shaped like a half moon.</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h3>EDWIN A. ABBEY’S DECORATIONS</h3>
-
-<p>Edwin A. Abbey, in another chamber of this Boston Library, the
-delivery room, has his now world-famous decoration, the story of the
-Holy Grail, perhaps the most popular mural work in this country, certainly
-the best known, and the shrine for many years of the tourist. It is
-a series of panels narrating the history of the knights of the Arthurian
-legend, exquisitely
-told, for Abbey
-was a master illustrator,
-and there
-is great charm of
-arrangement and
-color, all making a
-popular appeal. Mr.
-Abbey was further
-commissioned to
-decorate the state
-capitol at Harrisburg,
-Pennsylvania.
-He attacked this
-work with great interest
-and enthusiasm,
-but his labors
-were interrupted by
-his death. The task
-was then taken up
-by Miss Violet Oakley,
-herself a distinguished
-mural
-painter, who, though
-handicapped by the
-circumstances of having to follow out the scheme of another artist, nevertheless
-disclosed great capacity and has made a success of the performance.</p>
-
-<div class="figleft" style="width: 300px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus22.jpg" width="300" height="270" alt="" />
-
-<p class="caption">FAMOUS WOMEN, by Barry Faulkner</p>
-
-<p class="caption">Decoration for the house of Mrs. E. H. Harriman at Arden, New York.
-From left to right the women pictured are Cornelia, Beatrice, Judith,
-Queen of Sheba, Joan of Arc, Helen of Troy, and Pocahontas</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h3>PUBLIC LIBRARY DECORATIONS</h3>
-
-<p>The Boston Library, it may be stated, offered opportunity for decorative
-work of an unusual nature, which was taken advantage of by several
-of the better known men. Elmer E. Garnsey made remarkable designs
-for the Pompeian lobby, and John Elliott a ceiling in the children’s
-reference room. The Congressional Library at Washington offered still
-greater opportunities, engaging the attention of a long list of painters.
-Here again is seen the hand of Mr. Garnsey, who planned the color scheme;
-while prominent among the decorations are the works of Elihu Vedder,&mdash;six
-large panels representing Government in its various phases, good and
-corrupt, of much invention in their allegorical way; for the artist is a
-highly imaginative man. Mr. Brownell places Vedder in the front rank
-of the imaginative painters of the day, adding, “Their name is not legion.”
-Other men who contributed to the Library of Congress include
-John W. Alexander, who is further represented at Pittsburgh, in the Carnegie
-Institute, with most important wall decorations; Gari Melchers;
-Robert Reid, whose list of other work is extensive, including decorations
-for the capitol at Boston; Henry O. Walker, also represented in
-the Appellate Court in New York.</p>
-
-<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus23.jpg" width="400" height="162" alt="" />
-
-<p class="caption">PENNSYLVANIA EXCAVATIONS, by Fred Dana Marsh</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h3>EDWARD SIMMONS, ROBERT BLUM, AND OTHERS</h3>
-
-<p>In addition to these was a painter who has also been one of the most
-prominent of the decorative men, Edward Simmons. Years ago he won
-the competition for a decoration for the Criminal Court room in New York,
-a prize awarded by the Municipal Art Society. A pupil of the Paris
-schools, a master draftsman, a singularly capable man, his three panels
-of the Fates won him instant place, and when he further made two
-decorations for the Massachusetts state capitol there was opened to him
-a field which he has since followed with distinction. Decorations for the
-ballroom of the Waldorf-Astoria, panels for the Appellate Court, for various
-state capitols and public buildings, and finally enormous embellishments
-for the Panama fair in San Francisco, place the man in the front rank.</p>
-
-<p>For pure beauty of invention, for charm of drawing and delicacy of
-vision, no American decoration has surpassed the two lovely panels
-executed by the late Robert Blum for the frieze of the assembly room of
-the Mendelssohn Glee Club in New York. They attracted enormous
-attention when they were first completed, and have been reproduced in
-many forms. Blum was a highly original painter, and these many figures
-representing “Music” and “The Dance” have a grace quite their own.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus24.jpg" width="500" height="453" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionright">Reproductions of these paintings made by The Detroit Publishing Co.</p>
-
-<p class="captionleft">Copyright, 1912, by The Curtis Publishing Co.<br />
-Copyright, 1914, by The Detroit Publishing Co.</p>
-
-<p class="caption">THREE PANELS, by Maxfield Parrish</p>
-
-<p class="caption">These three panels are part of a series called “A Florentine Fête,” which decorates the entire front of
-the dining room of the Curtis Publishing Company’s building in Philadelphia</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>Thomas W. Dewing, more identified with easel work, has nevertheless
-executed several charming decorations, one in the Imperial Hotel, New
-York, “Dawn,” ranking high indeed. It has all the man’s personal
-color vision, and is exquisitely dainty and graceful.</p>
-
-<p>Several men were concerned in the wall decorations of the Appellate
-Court, among them H. Siddons Mowbray and Willard L. Metcalf. The
-first named chose for theme “The Transmission of the Law,” which he
-rendered in a scholarly as well as artistic manner. Mr. Mowbray has
-executed a ceiling for the library of the University Club of New York, a
-large work for the Newark courthouse, and many private commissions.</p>
-
-<p>The Waldorf-Astoria Hotel gave early opportunities for the work of
-Will H. Low and Frank Fowler, both of whom carried out interesting
-schemes of decoration; while work in the church of the Paulist Fathers in
-New York offered a similar chance for William Laurel Harris. Fred Dana
-Marsh showed the possibilities of large engineering achievements for decorative
-material in a large panel in the rooms of the United Engineering Societies.
-It is an apotheosis<a name="FNanchor_3" id="FNanchor_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> of labor, of the pick, the shovel, and the iron and
-steel worker, and Mr. Marsh was singularly original in the composition.</p>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_3" id="Footnote_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3"><span class="label">[3]</span></a> An apotheosis celebrates and exalts a subject in
-ideal forms of expression.</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="figright" style="width: 175px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus25.jpg" width="175" height="300" alt="" />
-
-<p class="caption">THE CITY OF NEW YORK, THE EASTERN GATEWAY
-OF THE AMERICAN CONTINENT</p>
-
-<p class="caption">By Taber Sears, in the New York City Hall</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>John W. Alexander, better known as a portrait painter, also chose
-similar themes with which to decorate the Carnegie Institute of Art in
-Pittsburgh, a successful piece of work. Robert van V. Sewell, for the
-home of George Gould, at Lakewood, did a fine frieze representing “The
-Canterbury Tales.” And a later
-man is Barry Faulkner, whose
-panel for the home of Mrs. Harriman,
-“Famous Women,” is a
-happy arrangement of the many
-celebrated feminists. The work
-of Albert Herter is specially noteworthy.
-Hugo Ballin has executed
-large decorative work, and
-Howard G. Cushing has made
-strikingly original panels. Other
-men are Taber Sears, with altar
-pieces, Joseph Lauber, Charles
-M. Shean, Douglas Volk, and
-William B. Van Ingen. Walter
-Shirlaw occupied himself at times
-with decorations, and Abbott H.
-Thayer has likewise executed a
-few notable mural paintings.</p>
-
-<h3>SUPPLEMENTARY READING</h3>
-
-<ul>
-<li>MURAL PAINTING IN AMERICA<br />
-<i>By Edwin Howland Blashfield.</i><br />
-Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.</li>
-
-<li>AMERICAN MURAL PAINTING<br />
-<i>By Pauline King.</i><br />
-Noyes, Platt &amp; Co., Boston.</li>
-
-<li>THE HISTORY OF AMERICAN PAINTING<br />
-<i>By Samuel Isham.</i><br />
-The Macmillan Company, New York.</li>
-
-<li>THE STORY OF AMERICAN PAINTING<br />
-<i>By Charles H. Caffin.</i><br />
-Frederick A. Stokes Company, New York.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<hr />
-
-<h2>THE MENTOR READING CIRCLE</h2>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 208px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus26.jpg" width="208" height="300" alt="" />
-
-<p class="caption">CHARITY, by Abbott Thayer</p>
-
-<p class="caption">In the Boston Museum</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>A mural painting is a decoration intended
-for the adornment of a wall or
-ceiling. As a rule, it is painted in more
-or less simple, flat tones, so as to carry
-some distance, and under the old methods,
-known as fresco painting, it was a process
-of painting in water colors on wet plaster,
-the portion of the wall on which the
-artist was to paint being prepared over
-night, so as to be in proper state to receive
-the color. The painter had to work
-from a scaffold. He
-was also hampered
-by awkward positions
-and, frequently, bad
-lighting facilities.
-This method was in
-general use from the
-early days of Giotto
-(1266-1337), to those of
-Raphael (1483-1520).
-Some of the Italians
-use it even now.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;">
-<img src="images/stars.jpg" width="100" height="19" alt="(decorative)" />
-</div>
-
-<p>So mural painting
-differs materially from
-a picture painted on
-an easel. The easel
-picture has more detail,
-is placed in a
-frame when finished,
-and is destined to
-make a decorative
-spot on the walls. The
-modern mural painter
-now executes his design
-directly upon canvas
-in his studio, and
-when it is completed
-it is applied to the wall space by a composition
-of glue and white lead. When this is
-thoroughly dry it becomes practically a
-part of the construction, though it is possible
-at any time to remove it, by peeling it
-off, should it be necessary. As a rule, the
-painter of a great mural work makes first
-a small sketch. This is subsequently enlarged
-by himself, or his assistants, by the
-process of “squaring up,” and so it is
-brought to the correct size. These enlargements
-are known as “cartoons,”
-which are traced on the canvas or the
-plaster, and when thus drawn in are
-ready for the painter’s brush.</p>
-
-<p>Almost the first efforts of primitive
-man in picture making were decorations
-of the walls of his rude house, and later
-his temples and public buildings. There
-are examples from the civilizations of
-Egypt, Greece, and Rome wherein the
-work was carried to the greatest perfection.
-We have splendid specimens of
-brilliant coloring from the great temples
-in the land of the Pharaohs, on their
-tombs and palaces, that have remained
-fresh and well nigh
-perfect all these centuries,
-while throughout
-Italy, in palaces
-and churches the work
-of the Renaissance
-artists challenges the
-greatest admiration.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;">
-<img src="images/stars.jpg" width="100" height="19" alt="(decorative)" />
-</div>
-
-<p>Upon the walls of the
-buried city of Pompeii
-still are frescoes that
-seem painted yesterday,
-so fresh is the
-color. The work of
-Michelangelo and of
-Raphael in the Vatican
-at Rome is perhaps
-the greatest of any
-known decorative efforts.
-Throughout
-France and Germany
-the work has been
-greatly fostered by
-commissions from the
-state for public buildings
-of all sorts, for
-splendid mansions and
-palaces of royalty. In France, particularly,
-great attention is given to mural work.
-The work of the French painter Puvis de
-Chavannes today is a return, to a certain
-extent, to the ideals and methods of expression,
-to the simplicity of theme and
-treatment of the early masters. He remains
-by general consent the greatest of all
-modern decorators, and we are fortunate
-in America in having admirable specimens
-of his work in the Boston Public
-Library. Our modern men, in their mural
-work, use as a rule oil paints mixed with
-wax, in order to secure a flat effect and to
-do away with any reflection on the surface.</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="bbox">
-
-<h2>Complete Your Mentor Library</h2>
-
-<p class="noindent">Subscriptions always begin with the current issue. The following
-numbers of The Mentor Course, already issued, will be supplied
-at the rate of fifteen cents each. Send your list, and the numbers
-will be shipped at once, charges prepaid.</p>
-
-<p>Serial No.</p>
-
-<ul>
-<li>1. Beautiful Children in Art</li>
-<li>2. Makers of American Poetry</li>
-<li>3. Washington, the Capital</li>
-<li>4. Beautiful Women in Art</li>
-<li>5. Romantic Ireland</li>
-<li>6. Masters of Music</li>
-<li>7. Natural Wonders of America</li>
-<li>8. Pictures We Love to Live with</li>
-<li>9. The Conquest of the Peaks</li>
-<li>10. Scotland, the Land of Song and Scenery</li>
-<li>11. Cherubs in Art</li>
-<li>12. Statues with a Story</li>
-<li>13. Story of America in Pictures: The Discoverers</li>
-<li>14. London</li>
-<li>15. The Story of Panama</li>
-<li>16. American Birds of Beauty</li>
-<li>17. Dutch Masterpieces</li>
-<li>18. Paris, the Incomparable</li>
-<li>19. Flowers of Decoration</li>
-<li>20. Makers of American Humor</li>
-<li>21. American Sea Painters</li>
-<li>22. Story of America in Pictures: The Explorers</li>
-<li>23. Sporting Vacations</li>
-<li>24. Switzerland: The Land of Scenic Splendors</li>
-<li>25. American Novelists</li>
-<li>26. American Landscape Painters</li>
-<li>27. Venice, the Island City</li>
-<li>28. The Wife in Art</li>
-<li>29. Great American Inventors</li>
-<li>30. Furniture and its Makers</li>
-<li>31. Spain and Gibraltar</li>
-<li>32. Historic Spots of America</li>
-<li>33. Beautiful Buildings of the World</li>
-<li>34. Game Birds of America</li>
-<li>35. Story of America in Pictures: The Contest for North America</li>
-<li>36. Famous American Sculptors</li>
-<li>37. The Conquest of the Poles</li>
-<li>38. Napoleon</li>
-<li>39. The Mediterranean</li>
-<li>40. Angels in Art</li>
-<li>41. Famous Composers</li>
-<li>42. Egypt, the Land of Mystery</li>
-<li>43. Story of America in Pictures: The Revolution</li>
-<li>44. Famous English Poets</li>
-<li>45. Makers of American Art</li>
-<li>46. The Ruins of Rome</li>
-<li>47. Makers of Modern Opera</li>
-<li>48. Dürer and Holbein</li>
-<li>49. Vienna, the Queen City</li>
-<li>50. Ancient Athens</li>
-<li>51. The Barbizon Painters</li>
-<li>52. Abraham Lincoln: Volume 2</li>
-<li>53. George Washington</li>
-<li>54. Mexico</li>
-<li>55. Famous American Women Painters</li>
-<li>56. The Conquest of the Air</li>
-<li>57. Court Painters of France</li>
-<li>58. Holland</li>
-<li>59. Our Feathered Friends</li>
-<li>60. Glacier National Park</li>
-<li>61. Michelangelo</li>
-<li>62. American Colonial Furniture</li>
-<li>63. American Wild Flowers</li>
-<li>64. Gothic Architecture</li>
-<li>65. The Story of the Rhine</li>
-<li>66. Shakespeare</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center larger">THE MENTOR COURSE TO COME</p>
-
-<p class="center">The next number of The Mentor, to appear on October 1, will contain
-six beautiful photogravures.</p>
-
-<p class="center larger">CELEBRATED ANIMAL CHARACTERS</p>
-
-<p class="center">Silver King, Ivan, Sultan, Czar, Gunder, The Bison Herd<br />
-<i>By W. T. HORNADAY, Director New York Zoölogical Park</i></p>
-
-<p class="center larger">NUMBERS TO FOLLOW</p>
-
-<p class="hanging">Oct. 15. JAPAN</p>
-
-<div class="blockquote">
-
-<p class="noindent">One of Mr. Elmendorf’s interesting travel
-articles, full of information about a country
-that engages the interest of the whole world
-today. The pictures are varied and most
-attractive.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><i>By Dwight L. Elmendorf, Lecturer and Traveler.</i></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class="hanging">Nov. 2. THE STORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION</p>
-
-<div class="blockquote">
-
-<p class="noindent">Professor Hart presents in a style that is
-both scholarly and popular the great drama
-of French history. There are many volumes
-treating of single phases, or chapters of the
-French Revolution, but Professor Hart’s
-article supplies a real need in picturing in
-large, simple outlines the great subject as
-a whole, so that any reader may get a complete
-impression. The illustrations picture
-the great personages and important events
-of the Revolution.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><i>By Albert Bushnell Hart, Professor of Government,
-Harvard University.</i></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class="hanging">Nov. 16. RUGS AND RUG MAKING</p>
-
-<div class="blockquote">
-
-<p class="noindent">Mr. Mumford is qualified as few are to write
-on this subject. He has traveled for years
-in pursuit of the study of rugs, and he is the
-author of a standard work on the subject.
-He writes, moreover, in an easy, entertaining,
-and informing way. The pictures, some of
-which are in full colors, contribute great
-value, interest, and beauty to the article.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><i>By J. K. Mumford, Author and Expert on
-Oriental Rugs.</i></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class="hanging">Dec. 1. ALASKA</p>
-
-<div class="blockquote">
-
-<p class="noindent">One of the most important and interesting
-travel articles that The Mentor has offered.
-The writer, Mr. Belmore Browne, knows
-Alaska more thoroughly perhaps than any
-living writer and artist. He has been for
-years an explorer and hunter of big game in
-the far Northwest, and he is celebrated
-especially for having achieved the conquest
-of Mount McKinley together with Professor
-Herschel Parker.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><i>By Belmore Browne, Explorer, Author and
-Artist.</i></p>
-
-</div>
-
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<h2>The Mentor Service</h2>
-
-<p class="noindent">This service covers the
-needs of those who want to gain knowledge
-by an easy and agreeable method.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">Send for our booklet descriptive of
-The Mentor Club Service. It presents
-many varied Mentor courses specially planned
-for the use of reading clubs.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">The Mentor Association will supply to its members
-supplementary reading courses dealing
-with any or all of the subjects in The Mentor
-Courses. These courses of reading are prepared
-under the direction of the Advisory Board of
-The Mentor&mdash;all of them prominent educators.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">The Mentor Association will also secure books
-for members, supplying them postpaid at publishers’
-prices.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">The Mentor Inquiry Department gives to its
-members a full and intelligent service in answering
-inquiries concerning books, reading, and all
-matters of general information having a bearing
-on The Mentor Courses.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">MANY READERS HAVE COME TO KNOW THE
-VALUE OF THE MENTOR SERVICE. IN THE
-FULLEST SENSE IT SUPPLEMENTS AND
-ROUNDS OUT THE PLAN OF THE MENTOR.
-ALL MEMBERS OF THE ASSOCIATION ARE INVITED
-TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THIS SERVICE</p>
-
-<p class="center">THE MENTOR BINDER</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">Every page of The Mentor, cover included, contains matter that
-readers want to keep. The Mentor Association is now supplying to
-its members a binder which holds twelve or thirteen Mentors and
-has proved satisfactory in every way. This binder has been arranged
-so as to hold The Mentor complete and it has tapes to which the
-pictures are attached, so that they swing freely in their place and
-the pictures can be enjoyed as well as the text on the back.</p>
-
-<p class="center">The price of these binders is One Dollar each.</p>
-
-<p class="center larger">MAKE THE SPARE<br />
-MOMENT COUNT</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 482px;">
-<img src="images/back.jpg" width="482" height="700" alt="Back cover page: The Mentor Service" />
-</div>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<pre>
-
-
-
-
-
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