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diff --git a/old/50421-0.txt b/old/50421-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 2668669..0000000 --- a/old/50421-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,5967 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Third, Or the -King's Own Regiment of Light Dragoons, by Richard Cannon - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Historical Record of the Third, Or the King's Own Regiment of Light Dragoons - Containing an Account of the Formation of the Regiment in - 1685, and of Its Subsequent Services to 1846. - -Author: Richard Cannon - -Release Date: November 10, 2015 [EBook #50421] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK KING'S OWN REGIMENT LIGHT DRAGOONS *** - - - - -Produced by Richard Tonsing, Brian Coe and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -book was created from images of public domain material -made available by the University of Toronto Libraries -(http://link.library.utoronto.ca/booksonline/).) - - - - - - - - - - HISTORICAL RECORD - - OF THE - - THIRD, OR THE KING'S OWN REGIMENT - - OF - - LIGHT DRAGOONS: - - CONTAINING - - AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT - IN 1685, - - AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES - TO 1846. - - - COMPILED BY - RICHARD CANNON, ESQ., - ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE, HORSE GUARDS. - - ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES. - - LONDON: - PARKER, FURNIVALL, & PARKER, - 30, CHARING CROSS. - - M DCCC XLVII. - - LONDON: Printed by W. CLOWES and SONS, Stamford Street, - For Her Majesty's Stationery Office. - - - - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - - _HORSE GUARDS, - 1st January, 1836._ - -His Majesty has been pleased to command, that, with a view of doing -the fullest justice to Regiments, as well as to Individuals who have -distinguished themselves by their Bravery in Action with the Enemy, -an Account of the Services of every Regiment in the British Army -shall be published under the superintendence and direction of the -Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall contain the following -particulars, viz., - ----- The Period and Circumstances of the Original Formation of the -Regiment; The Stations at which it has been from time to time employed; -The Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations, in which it has -been engaged, particularly specifying any Achievement it may have -performed, and the Colours, Trophies, &c., it may have captured from -the Enemy. - ----- The Names of the Officers, and the number of Non-Commissioned -Officers and Privates, Killed or Wounded by the Enemy, specifying the -Place and Date of the Action. - ----- The names of those Officers, who, in consideration of their -Gallant Services and Meritorious Conduct in Engagements with the Enemy, -have been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other Marks of His -Majesty's gracious favour. - ----- The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers and -Privates as may have specially signalized themselves in Action. - -And, - ----- The Badges and Devices which the Regiment may have been permitted -to bear, and the Causes on account of which such Badges or Devices, or -any other Marks of Distinction, have been granted. - - By Command of the Right Honourable - GENERAL LORD HILL, - _Commanding-in-Chief_. - - JOHN MACDONALD. - _Adjutant-General._ - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly depend -upon the zeal and ardour by which all who enter into its service are -animated, and consequently it is of the highest importance that any -measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, by which alone -great and gallant actions are achieved, should be adopted. - -Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this desirable -object than a full display of the noble deeds with which the Military -History of our country abounds. To hold forth these bright examples -to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to incite him to -emulate the meritorious conduct of those who have preceded him in their -honourable career, are among the motives that have given rise to the -present publication. - -The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced in the -"London Gazette," from whence they are transferred into the public -prints: the achievements of our armies are thus made known at the time -of their occurrence, and receive the tribute of praise and admiration -to which they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions, the Houses of -Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on the Commanders, -and the Officers and Troops acting under their orders, expressions -of approbation and of thanks for their skill and bravery; and these -testimonials, confirmed by the high honour of their Sovereign's -approbation, constitute the reward which the soldier most highly prizes. - -It has not, however, until late years, been the practice (which appears -to have long prevailed in some of the Continental armies) for British -Regiments to keep regular records of their services and achievements. -Hence some difficulty has been experienced in obtaining, particularly -from the old Regiments, an authentic account of their origin and -subsequent services. - -This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His Majesty having -been pleased to command that every Regiment shall in future keep a full -and ample record of its services at home and abroad. - -From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth derive -information as to the difficulties and privations which chequer the -career of those who embrace the military profession. In Great Britain, -where so large a number of persons are devoted to the active concerns -of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and where these pursuits -have, for so long a period, been undisturbed by the _presence of -war_, which few other countries have escaped, comparatively little is -known of the vicissitudes of active service, and of the casualties of -climate, to which, even during peace, the British Troops are exposed in -every part of the globe, with little or no interval of repose. - -In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the country derives -from the industry and the enterprise of the agriculturist and the -trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed not often to reflect -on the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,--on their -sufferings,--and on the sacrifice of valuable life, by which so many -national benefits are obtained and preserved. - -The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance, -have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties; and -their character has been established in Continental warfare by the -irresistible spirit with which they have effected debarkations in spite -of the most formidable opposition, and by the gallantry and steadiness -with which they have maintained their advantages against superior -numbers. - -In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, ample -justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions of the Corps -employed; but the details of their services, and of acts of individual -bravery, can only be fully given in the Annals of the various Regiments. - -These Records are now preparing for publication, under His Majesty's -special authority, by Mr. RICHARD CANNON, Principal Clerk of the -Adjutant-General's Office; and while the perusal of them cannot fail -to be useful and interesting to military men of every rank, it is -considered that they will also afford entertainment and information to -the general reader, particularly to those who may have served in the -Army, or who have relatives in the Service. - -There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, or are -serving, in the Army, an _Esprit de Corps_--an attachment to everything -belonging to their Regiment; to such persons a narrative of the -services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove interesting. Authentic -accounts of the actions of the great, the valiant, the loyal, have -always been of paramount interest with a brave and civilized people. -Great Britain has produced a race of heroes who, in moments of danger -and terror, have stood "firm as the rocks of their native shore;" and -when half the World has been arrayed against them, they have fought the -battles of their Country with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a -record of achievements in war,--victories so complete and surprising, -gained by our countrymen, our brothers, our fellow-citizens in arms,--a -record which revives the memory of the brave, and brings their gallant -deeds before us, will certainly prove acceptable to the public. - -Biographical memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished Officers -will be introduced in the Records of their respective Regiments, and -the Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to time, been conferred -upon each Regiment, as testifying the value and importance of its -services, will be faithfully set forth. - -As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each Regiment will -be printed in a distinct number, so that when the whole shall be -completed, the Parts may be bound up in numerical succession. - - - - -INTRODUCTION. - - -The ancient Armies of England were composed of Horse and Foot; but the -feudal troops established by William the Conqueror in 1086, consisted -almost entirely of Horse. Under the feudal system, every holder of land -amounting to what was termed a "knight's fee," was required to provide -a charger, a coat of mail, a helmet, a shield, and a lance, and to -serve the Crown a period of forty days in each year at his own expense; -and the great landholders had to provide armed men in proportion to the -extent of their estates; consequently the ranks of the feudal Cavalry -were completed with men of property, and the vassals and tenants of the -great barons, who led their dependents to the field in person. - -In the succeeding reigns the Cavalry of the Army was composed of -Knights (or men at arms) and Hobiliers (or horsemen of inferior -degree); and the Infantry of spears and battle-axe men, cross-bowmen, -and archers. The Knights wore armour on every part of the body, and -their weapons were a lance, a sword, and a small dagger. The Hobiliers -were accoutred and armed for the light and less important services of -war, and were not considered qualified for a charge in line. Mounted -Archers[1] were also introduced, and the English nation eventually -became preeminent in the use of the bow. - -About the time of Queen Mary the appellation of "_Men at Arms_" -was changed to that of "_Spears_ and _Launces_." The introduction -of fire-arms ultimately occasioned the lance to fall into disuse, -and the title of the Horsemen of the first degree was changed to -"_Cuirassiers_." The Cuirassiers were armed _cap-à-pié_, and their -weapons were a sword with a straight narrow blade and sharp point, and -a pair of large pistols, called petronels; and the Hobiliers carried -carbines. The Infantry carried pikes, matchlocks, and swords. The -introduction of fire-arms occasioned the formation of Regiments armed -and equipped as infantry, but mounted on small horses for the sake of -expedition of movement, and these were styled "_Dragoons_;" a small -portion of the military force of the kingdom, however, consisted of -this description of troops. - -The formation of the present Army commenced after the Restoration -in 1660, with the establishment of regular corps of Horse and Foot; -the Horsemen were cuirassiers, but only wore armour on the head and -body; and the Foot were pikemen and musketeers. The arms which each -description of force carried, are described in the following extract -from the "Regulations of King Charles II.," dated 5th May, 1663:-- - -"Each Horseman to have for his defensive armes, back, breast, and pot; -and for his offensive armes, a sword, and a case of pistolls, the -barrels whereof are not to be undʳ. foorteen inches in length; and each -Trooper of Our Guards to have a carbine besides the aforesaid armes. -And the Foote to have each soldier a sword, and each pikeman a pike -of 16 foote long and not undʳ.; and each musqueteer a musquet with a -collar of bandaliers, the barrell of which musquet to be about foor -foote long and to conteine a bullet, foorteen of which shall weigh a -pound weight[2]." - -The ranks of the Troops of Horse were at this period composed of men of -some property--generally the sons of substantial yeomen: the young -men received as recruits provided their own horses, and they were -placed on a rate of pay sufficient to give them a respectable station -in society. - -On the breaking out of the war with Holland in the spring of 1672, a -Regiment of Dragoons was raised[3]; the Dragoons were placed on a lower -rate of pay than the Horse, and the Regiment was armed similar to the -Infantry, excepting that a limited number of the men carried halberds -instead of pikes, and the others muskets and bayonets; and a few men in -each troop had pistols; as appears by a warrant dated the 2nd of April, -1672, of which the following is an extract:-- - - "CHARLES R. - - "Our will and pleasure is, that a Regiment of Dragoones which we - have established and ordered to be raised, in twelve Troopes of - fourscore in each beside officers, who are to be under the command - of Our most deare and most intirely beloved Cousin Prince Rupert, - shall be armed out of Our stoares remaining within Our office of - the Ordinance, as followeth; that is to say, three corporalls, two - serjeants, the gentlemen at armes, and twelve soldiers of each - of the said twelve Troopes, are to have and carry each of them - one halbard, and one case of pistolls with holsters; and the rest - of the soldiers of the several Troopes aforesaid, are to have and - to carry each of them one matchlocke musquet, with a collar of - bandaliers, and also to have and to carry one bayonet[4], or great - knive. That each lieutenant have and carry one partizan; and that - two drums be delivered out for each Troope of the said Regiment[5]." - -Several regiments of Horse and Dragoons were raised in the first year -of the reign of King James II.; and the horsemen carried a short -carbine[6] in addition to the sword and pair of pistols: and in a -Regulation dated the 21st of February, 1687, the arms of the Dragoons -at that period were commanded to be as follows:-- - -"The Dragoons to have snaphanse musquets, strapt, with bright barrels -of three foote eight inches long, cartouch-boxes, bayonetts, granado -pouches, buckets, and hammer-hatchetts." - -After several years' experience, little advantage was found to accrue -from having Cavalry Regiments formed almost exclusively for engaging -the enemy on foot; and, the Horse having laid aside their armour, the -arms and equipment of Horse and Dragoons were so nearly assimilated, -that there remained little distinction besides the name and rate of -pay. The introduction of improvements into the mounting, arming, and -equipment of Dragoons rendered them competent to the performance of -every description of service required of Cavalry; and, while the long -musket and bayonet were retained, to enable them to act as Infantry, if -necessary, they were found to be equally efficient, and of equal value -to the nation, as Cavalry, with the Regiments of Horse. - -In the several augmentations made to the regular Army after the early -part of the reign of Queen Anne, no new Regiments of Horse were raised -for permanent service; and in 1746 King George II. reduced three of -the old Regiments of Horse to the quality and pay of Dragoons; at the -same time, His Majesty gave them the title of First, Second, and Third -Regiments of _Dragoon Guards_: and in 1788 the same alteration was made -in the remaining four Regiments of Horse, which then became the Fourth, -Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Regiments of _Dragoon Guards_. - -At present there are only three Regiments which are styled _Horse_ in -the British Army, namely, the two Regiments of Life Guards, and the -Royal Regiment of Horse Guards, to whom cuirasses have recently been -restored. The other Cavalry Regiments consist of Dragoon Guards, Heavy -and Light Dragoons, Hussars, and Lancers; and although the long musket -and bayonet have been laid aside by the whole of the Cavalry, and the -Regiments are armed and equipped on the principle of the old Horse -(excepting the cuirass), they continue to be styled Dragoons. - -The old Regiments of Horse formed a highly respectable and efficient -portion of the Army, and it is found, on perusing the histories of the -various campaigns in which they have been engaged, that they have, -on all occasions, maintained a high character for steadiness and -discipline as well as for bravery in action. They were formerly mounted -on horses of superior weight and physical power, and few troops could -withstand a well-directed charge of the celebrated British Horse. The -records of these corps embrace a period of 150 years--a period eventful -in history, and abounding in instances of heroism displayed by the -British troops when danger has threatened the nation,--a period in -which these Regiments have numbered in their ranks men of loyalty, -valour, and good conduct, worthy of imitation. - -Since the Regiments of Horse were formed into Dragoon Guards, -additional improvements have been introduced into the constitution of -the several corps; and the superior description of horses now bred in -the United Kingdom, enables the commanding officers to remount their -regiments with such excellent horses, that, whilst sufficient weight -has been retained for a powerful charge in line, a lightness has been -acquired, which renders them available for every description of service -incident to modern warfare. - -The orderly conduct of these Regiments in quarters has gained the -confidence and esteem of the respectable inhabitants of the various -parts of the United Kingdom in which they have been stationed; their -promptitude and alacrity in attending to the requisitions of the -magistrates in periods of excitement, and the temper, patience, -and forbearance which they have evinced when subjected to great -provocation, insult, and violence from the misguided populace, prove -the value of these troops to the Crown, and to the Government of the -country, and justify the reliance which is reposed on them. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] In the 14th year of the reign of Edward IV. a small force was -established in Ireland by Parliament, consisting of 120 Archers on -horseback, 40 Horsemen, and 40 Pages. - -[2] Military Papers, State Paper Office. - -[3] This Regiment was disbanded after the Peace of 1674. - -[4] This appears to be the first introduction of _bayonets_ into the -English Army. - -[5] State Paper Office. - -[6] The first issue of carbines to the regular Horse appears to have -taken place in 1684; the Life Guards, however, carried carbines from -their formation in 1660.--_Vide_ the 'Historical Record of the Life -Guards.' - - - - -ON THE INSTITUTION - -OF - -LIGHT CAVALRY - -IN - -THE BRITISH ARMY. - - -The records of the military events of the remote ages speak of -heavy-armed horsemen being accompanied by others mounted and equipped -for light services. The Barons and Knights, who rode the powerful -horses celebrated by historians, and took the field completely cased -in steel, had a few light-armed attendants; the feudal horsemen were -variously armed; and the practice of employing Light, as well as Heavy -Cavalry, was adopted, to a limited extent, by several commanders of -antiquity. Armour, proof against arrow, lance, and sword, and men and -horses of colossal appearance, in whom the greatest amount of weight -and physical power, consistent with a moderate share of activity, -could be combined, were however held in the highest estimation; -but eventually the great advantage of having a portion of Cavalry -in which lightness, activity, and celerity of movement, might form -the principal characteristics, was discovered. The introduction of -fire-arms occasioned armour to be gradually laid aside, or limited to -a few heavy horsemen; superiority of weight was no longer thought so -necessary; and in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the use of -Light Cavalry became more general than formerly. - -During the seventy years' war between Spain and the United Provinces of -the Netherlands, Prince Maurice of Nassau (afterwards Prince of Orange) -selected a few English and Dutch heavy-armed Lancers, and constituted -them _Carabineers_, for skirmishing, and other services of a similar -character. The Emperor of Germany formed regiments of Hungarian -_Hussars_, who were light men on small horses. The Carabineers were of -an intermediate class, being much heavier than the Hussars, and lighter -than the English Lancers and Cuirassiers, who rode powerful horses, and -wore armour on the head, body, and limbs. The French monarchs adopted -the practice of having a few Carabineers in each troop of Horse; and, -in 1690, Louis XIV. added a troop of Carabineers to each Regiment of -Cavalry. During the campaign of 1691, these troops formed a Carabineer -brigade; but their motley appearance, and the defects of the plan, -occasioned them to be constituted a regiment of Carabineers, and -clothed in blue. In 1693 the French King added a regiment of Hussars to -the Cavalry of his army.[7] - -In England the same principle was partially carried out; the heavy -horse laid aside their armour, excepting cuirasses; they were mounted -on horses of less weight than formerly, and they were supplied with -carbines by King Charles II. In 1685, King James II. raised several -independent troops of _Light Horse_, and one of them (Sir Thomas -Burton's) was retained in his service until the Revolution in 1688, -when it was disbanded. In 1691-2 King William III. constituted the -Seventh Regiment of Horse, now Sixth Dragoon Guards, a corps of -Carabineers, as an honorary distinction, and for the performance of -services for which the other regiments of Horse, being Cuirassiers, -were not well adapted. The object was to combine with strength and -power a greater degree of activity and speed than was to be found -in the Cavalry at that period; and His Majesty appears to have -contemplated having several corps of this description in his service, -as he designated this _the First Regiment of Carabineers_; but no -second regiment was formed.[8] In 1694 a troop of foreign Hussars -formed part of the Army commanded by King William in Flanders.[9] - -During the wars of Queen Anne the Regiment of Carabineers was again -supplied with cuirasses, and was mounted on the same description -of horses as the other regiments; retaining, however, the title of -Carabineers. The activity, size, weight, and strength of the horses -ridden by the British Cuirassiers and Heavy Dragoons, with the bravery -and muscular powers of the men, established their superiority in -continental warfare over the Cavalry of other nations; they acquired -great celebrity in the valley of the Danube and on the plains of the -Netherlands, in the early part of the eighteenth century, under the -renowned John Duke of Marlborough; and after the peace of Utrecht, in -1713, the reputation of the British Horse and Dragoons was so high that -no alteration was thought necessary, and many years elapsed without any -attempt being made to revive the practice of having either Carabineers, -or Light Horse, in the British Army. - -The great utility of the Light Cavalry of the continental armies had, -in the mean time, become apparent. Improvements in military tactics, -and in the arming and equipment of corps, were taking place in various -countries; and a spirit of emulation extending itself to Great Britain, -on the breaking out of the rebellion in 1745, his Grace the Duke of -Montague evinced his loyalty and public spirit by raising a Regiment -of _Carabineers_ for the service of King George II.; at the same time, -his Grace the Duke of Kingston, with equal zeal and generosity, raised, -at his own expense, a Regiment of _Light Horse_. The latter regiment -approximated, in the lightness of the men, horses, and equipment, -to the Hussars of the continental armies; the Duke of Montague's -Carabineers were of a heavier description of Cavalry. - -At this period the old Cavalry Regiments rode black horses (excepting -the Scots Greys) with docked tails; but the Duke of Kingston's Regiment -was mounted on light horses of various colours, with swish or nag -tails. The accoutrements were as light as possible: the men carried -short carbines slung to their sides by a moveable swivel, pistols, and -light swords inclined to a curve. - -The usefulness of the Duke of Kingston's Regiment of Light Horse was -proved in Scotland, where it served under His Royal Highness the -Duke of Cumberland, and was found qualified for every description of -service; the light horses traversing hilly grounds with facility. It -distinguished itself on several occasions, particularly at the battle -of Culloden, on the 16th of April, 1746, when it charged the clans with -signal gallantry, and evinced great spirit and activity in the pursuit -of the rebel army upwards of three miles from the field of battle. The -Duke of Cumberland was highly pleased with its behaviour during the -period it was under his command; and the conduct of the Light Horse -throughout the contest reflected credit on the noble peer who had -raised them. - -The rebellion being suppressed, the regiment was, in consequence of the -conditions on which the men had enlisted, directed to be disbanded; -but the Duke of Cumberland so highly approved of its conduct that he -obtained permission to embody as many of the men as would re-enlist, as -his own Regiment of Light Dragoons. - -His Majesty's thanks and particular satisfaction were communicated to -His Grace the Duke of Kingston, for his zeal and affection for His -Majesty's person and Government; and His Grace was desired to convey to -the officers and soldiers His Majesty's high sense of their loyalty, -activity, and gallant behaviour, at a period of national danger. The -regiment was afterwards disbanded at Nottingham, and nearly every man -engaged in the Regiment of Light Dragoons, of which, as a signal mark -of honour and distinction, His Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland -was appointed Colonel. - -The Duke of Cumberland's Light Dragoons were mounted on active -nag-tailed horses, from fourteen and a half to fifteen hands high. -The men were from five feet eight to five feet nine inches in height; -and their equipment was upon a new and light plan, but retaining the -cocked hat of the Heavy Dragoon pattern. This regiment served in the -Netherlands, with the Army commanded by His Royal Highness the Duke -of Cumberland: its general usefulness was fully established, and it -distinguished itself at the battle of Val, in 1747. The treaty of -Aix-la-Chapelle having put an end to the war, it returned to England, -and was disbanded in 1749. - -From this period the value of light horsemen was more appreciated in -England than formerly; the general utility of this arm, on home and -foreign service, had been fully proved; and at the commencement of -hostilities with France, in 1755, King George II. resolved to possess -the advantage of a body of Light Cavalry in the approaching contest. -His Majesty accordingly commanded _a troop of Light Dragoons_ to be -added to the First, Second, and Third Regiments of Dragoon Guards, -and First, Second, Third, Fourth, Sixth, Seventh, Tenth, and Eleventh -Regiments of Dragoons. The First, Second, Third, and Fourth Irish Horse -(now Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Dragoon Guards), and the Fifth, -Eighth, Ninth, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Dragoons, being on -the Irish establishment, did not receive the same addition. - -These troops of Light Dragoons were mounted, armed, equipped, and -trained, according to specific instructions, calculated to render -them available for the services for which they were designed. Several -of them were reviewed in Hyde Park by His Majesty; and their neat -appearance, celerity of movement, and the spirited and exact manner in -which they performed their evolutions, were much admired. - -Nine of these troops were formed into a brigade in 1758, under the -command of one of the King's aides-de-camp, Colonel George Augustus -Eliott, of the Horse Grenadier Guards; and they were employed in the -expeditions to the coast of France under Charles Duke of Marlborough -and Lieut.-General Bligh. They landed in France twice; skirmished with -the French Cavalry; and throughout these enterprises they evinced -activity, spirit, and general usefulness. After their return to -England, they were augmented to 125 men per troop. - -At this period, the war on the Continent had involved most of the -European states; and the extended and active operations which were -taking place in Germany rendered it necessary for a British force -to join the Allied Army under Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick. This -gave rise to a further augmentation of the Army; and the increased -estimation in which Light Cavalry was held induced the King to give -directions for the raising of _entire Regiments of Light Dragoons_, in -addition to the five Regiments of Horse, three of Dragoon Guards, and -fourteen of Dragoons, already on the British and Irish establishments. -The following corps were accordingly embodied:-- - - -LIGHT DRAGOONS. - - -_Incorporated in 1759._ - -FIFTEENTH, in England, by Colonel George A. Eliott;--now the Fifteenth, -or the King's Hussars. - -SIXTEENTH, in England, by Lieut.-Colonel John Burgoyne;--now the -Sixteenth, or the Queen's Lancers. - -SEVENTEENTH, in Scotland, by Captain Lord Aberdour;--disbanded in 1763. - -EIGHTEENTH, in England, by Lieut.-Colonel John Hale;--now the -Seventeenth Lancers. - -NINETEENTH, in Ireland, by Lieut.-Colonel Lord Drogheda;--numbered the -Eighteenth in 1763; constituted Hussars in 1807; and after performing -much valuable service at home and abroad, it was disbanded at -Newbridge, in Ireland, in 1821. - - -_Incorporated in 1760._ - -TWENTIETH, in Ireland, by Captain Sir James Caldwell;--disbanded in -1763. - -TWENTY-FIRST, or Royal Foresters, in England by Lieut.-General the -Marquis of Granby, and Colonel Lord Robert Sutton;--disbanded in 1763. - -After the peace of Fontainebleau, three of these corps were disbanded, -and the other four continued in the service. The light troops attached -to the heavy regiments were also disbanded, but a few men of each troop -were afterwards equipped as Light Dragoons. - -A more perfect knowledge of the efficiency and capabilities of Light -Cavalry, acquired during the campaigns in Germany and Portugal, had -advanced the estimation in which that arm was held; and, in 1768, the -TWELFTH Dragoons (one of the heavy regiments raised by King George -I. in 1715), underwent a change of equipment and clothing, and was -constituted a corps of _Light Dragoons_, by General Carpenter, in -Ireland. - -This alteration served as a precedent for subsequent changes; and -further experience, during the American war, from 1775 to 1783, -confirming the value of Light Cavalry, the SEVENTH, EIGHTH, NINTH, -TENTH, ELEVENTH, THIRTEENTH, and FOURTEENTH Regiments of Dragoons were -changed from _heavy to light_. The Light Dragoons attached to the heavy -regiments were incorporated into newly-raised corps, and the following -regiments of - - -LIGHT DRAGOONS - - -_Were embodied in 1779._ - -NINETEENTH,--by Major-General Russell Manners;--disbanded in 1783. - -TWENTIETH,--by Major-General Richard Burton Phillipson;--disbanded in -1783. - -TWENTY-FIRST,--by Major-General John Douglas;--disbanded in 1783. - -TWENTY-SECOND,--by Lieut.-Colonel John Lord Sheffield;--disbanded in -1783. - - -_Embodied in 1781._ - -TWENTY-THIRD,--by Lieut.-General Sir John Burgoyne, Baronet, for -service in India, and was numbered the NINETEENTH after the peace -in 1783. This regiment signalized itself on numerous occasions in -India, and was rewarded with the honour of bearing on its guidons -and appointments the _Elephant_, with the words _Assaye_ and -_Seringapatam_. The word _Niagara_ was also added in commemoration -of the gallantry of two troops, in the year 1813, in North America. -In 1817 it was constituted a corps of LANCERS. It was disbanded in -Ireland in 1821. - -Thus a few years had produced a great change in the British Army. -Twenty-five years previously to the termination of the American war -there was not a single Light Dragoon Regiment in the Service, and in -1783 there were seventeen; four of them were disbanded at that period, -and thirteen retained in the Service. - -Soon after the termination of the American war, the French monarch -having, by aiding the rebellious British provincials, taught his own -subjects a lesson of insubordination, was deprived of the reins of -government; and the violent conduct of the French revolutionists in -the West Indies occasioned the TWENTIETH or JAMAICA REGIMENT OF LIGHT -DRAGOONS to be raised in 1791 by Colonel Henry F. Gardner, for service -in that island. Besides its services in Jamaica, detachments of this -regiment served at Malta; Sicily; at the taking of the Cape of Good -Hope, in 1806; at the capture of Alexandria, in 1807; at the attack on -Monte Video; in Portugal; at Genoa; and on the eastern coast of Spain; -and acquired the honour of bearing the word _Peninsula_ on its guidons -and appointments. It was disbanded in Ireland in 1818. - -War with France commenced in 1793, and was followed by augmentations -to the Army. It was not found necessary to add a single Heavy Cavalry -Regiment; but the following Regiments of - - -LIGHT DRAGOONS - - -_Were incorporated in 1794._ - -TWENTY-FIRST,--by Lieut.-Colonel Thomas R. Beaumont. This regiment -served at the Cape of Good Hope and in India thirteen years; a -detachment was sent to do duty at St. Helena, when Napoleon Buonaparte -was removed thither. This regiment was disbanded at Chatham in 1820. - -TWENTY-SECOND,--by Major-General William Viscount Fielding;--served in -Great Britain and Ireland;--disbanded in 1802. - -TWENTY-THIRD,--by Colonel William Fullerton;--served in Great Britain -and Ireland;--disbanded in 1802. - -TWENTY-FOURTH,--by Colonel William Loftus;--served in Great Britain and -Ireland;--disbanded in 1802. - -TWENTY-FIFTH,--by Major-General Francis Edward Gwyn. This regiment -was numbered the TWENTY-SECOND after the Treaty of Amiens in 1802. -It served with reputation in India; was employed at the reduction of -Java; signalized itself on several occasions; and was rewarded with -the royal authority to bear the word _Seringapatam_ on its guidons and -appointments. It was disbanded in England in 1820. - - -_Raised in 1795._ - -TWENTY-SIXTH,--by Lieut.-General R. Manners;--numbered the TWENTY-THIRD -in 1803. This regiment served in Egypt, Portugal, Spain, Flanders, and -France; and its distinguished conduct was rewarded with the honour of -bearing on its guidons and appointments, the _Sphinx_, with the words -_Egypt_, _Peninsula_, and _Waterloo_. In 1816 it was constituted a -corps of LANCERS. It was disbanded in England in 1817. - -TWENTY-SEVENTH,--by Major-General Wynter Blathwayte;--numbered the -TWENTY-FOURTH in 1804. This regiment served in India, distinguished -itself at the battles of Ghur and Delhi, and was permitted to bear -the _Elephant_, with the word _Hindoostan_, on its guidons and -appointments. It was disbanded in England, on its arrival from Bengal, -in 1819. - -TWENTY-EIGHTH,--by Major-General Robert Lawrie;--served in Great -Britain, Ireland, and at the Cape of Good Hope;--disbanded in Ireland -in 1802. - -TWENTY-NINTH,--by Major-General Francis Augustus Lord -Heathfield;--numbered the TWENTY-FIFTH in 1804. This regiment served in -India, and was at the reduction of the Isle of France. It was disbanded -at Chatham, on its arrival from India, in 1819. - -_Raised in 1794._ - -THIRTIETH,--by Lieut.-Colonel J. C. Carden;--disbanded in 1796. - -THIRTY-FIRST,--by Lieut.-Colonel William St. Ledger;--disbanded in -1796. - -THIRTY-SECOND,--by Lieut.-Colonel H. J. Blake;--disbanded in 1796. - -THIRTY-THIRD,--by Lieut.-Colonel J. Blackwood;--disbanded in 1796. - - * * * * * - -Soon after the re-commencement of hostilities with France in 1803, -the SEVENTH, TENTH, FIFTEENTH, and EIGHTEENTH Light Dragoons were -equipped as HUSSARS. Since the termination of the war in 1815, the -THIRD and FOURTH Dragoons have been changed from _heavy to light_; the -NINTH, TWELFTH, SIXTEENTH, and SEVENTEENTH Light Dragoons have been -constituted LANCERS; and the EIGHTH and ELEVENTH Light Dragoons have -also been equipped as HUSSARS. - -At this period (1847), the Cavalry of the British Army consists of -twenty-six regiments--thirteen Heavy and thirteen Light; and is -composed of three regiments of Cuirassiers, ten of Heavy Dragoons, four -of Light Dragoons, five of Hussars, and four of Lancers. - - - THE THIRD, - - OR - - THE KING'S OWN REGIMENT - - OF - - LIGHT DRAGOONS, - - BEARS ON ITS APPOINTMENTS - - THE WHITE HORSE, - - ON A RED FIELD WITHIN THE GARTER, - - WITH THE MOTTO - - "_NEC ASPERA TERRENT_:" - - ALSO THE WORDS, - - "SALAMANCA"--"VITTORIA"--"TOULOUSE"--"PENINSULA," - - To commemorate its Gallant Conduct in Spain and France from 1811 to - 1814; - - AND THE WORD - - "CABOOL, 1842," - - For its distinguished Services in Affghanistan in 1842. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[7] _Histoire de la Milice Françoise_, par le PÈRE DANIEL. - -[8] National Records. - -[9] The equipment of Hussars at this period is described by D'AUVERGNE, -in his _History of the Campaign of 1694_, pp. 22, 23. - - - - -CONTENTS. - - - Year Page - - 1685 Formation of the Regiment 1 - - ---- Styled the Queen Consort's Regiment 3 - - ---- Names of Officers 5 - - ---- Reviewed by King James II. on Hounslow Heath -- - - 1688 The Revolution 6 - - 1689 Proceeds to Ireland 7 - - ---- Attacks the Enemy's out-posts at Ardee 8 - - 1690 Storming of Bedloe's Castle 9 - - ---- Battle of the Boyne 11 - - ---- Investment of Waterford 12 - - ---- Surrender of Youghal -- - - ---- Disperses the Rapparees--capture of Castle Martir 13 - - ---- Siege of Limerick -- - - 1691 Expedition to Streamstown 14 - - ---- Battle of Aghrim -- - - ---- Siege of Galway 15 - - ---- Surrender of Limerick 16 - - 1692 Arrives in England 17 - - 1694 Reviewed in Hyde Park by King William III. -- - - ---- Embarks for Flanders -- - - 1695 Augmentation of establishment 18 - - ---- Attack on the forts at Kenoque -- - - ---- Siege of Namur--Surrender of Dixmude 19 - - 1696 Reviewed by King William III. 20 - - 1697 Operations in Brabant 21 - - ---- Returns to England -- - - 1698 Reduction of establishment -- - - 1702 Expedition to Cadiz under the Duke of Ormond 21 - - ---- Attack on Vigo, and Capture of the Spanish fleet 22 - - 1706 Forms part of an expedition under Earl Rivers, - and proceeds to Spain 23 - - 1707 Battle of Almanza 24 - - 1708 Returns to England 25 - - 1712 Reduction of establishment -- - - 1713 Stationed in Scotland -- - - 1714 Designated the King's Own Regiment -- - - 1715 Battle of Sheriffmuir 26 - - 1718 Reduction of establishment 28 - - 1720 Establishment augmented -- - - 1723 Augmentation of establishment -- - - 1727 Establishment further augmented -- - - 1729 Reduction of establishment -- - - 1738 Augmentation of establishment -- - - 1742 Reviewed by King George II. on Blackheath 29 - - ---- Proceeds to Flanders -- - - 1743 Battle of Dettingen 31 - - 1745 Battle of Fontenoy 35 - - ---- Returns to England 36 - - ---- Proceeds to Scotland -- - - ---- Engagement at Clifton Moor 37 - - 1748 Reduction of establishment 39 - - 1751 Clothing, Appointments, Guidons, &c. regulated - by Royal Warrant -- - - 1754 Employed on coast duty in the South of England 41 - - 1756 A light troop added -- - - 1758 The light troop forms part of the force for a - descent on the coast of France -- - - ---- Capture of Cherbourg 43 - - 1763 The light troop disbanded 44 - - 1764 Marches to Scotland -- - - 1765 Returns to England -- - - 1766 The Drummers replaced by Trumpeters 44 - - 1767} Employed on coast duty in Kent, Sussex, } - and } Suffolk, and Essex } -- - 1768} - - 1770 Proceeds to Scotland -- - - 1771 Returns to England 45 - - 1773 Employed on coast duty in Kent -- - - 1775 Marches to Scotland -- - - 1776 Stationed in South Britain -- - - 1778 Employed on coast duty in Sussex -- - - ---- An additional trumpeter authorised 46 - - 1781 Reviewed by King George III. in Hyde Park 47 - - 1784 Proceeds to Scotland -- - - 1785 Stationed in South Britain -- - - 1789 Reviewed by King George III. at Reading -- - - 1791 Marches to Scotland 48 - - 1793 Augmentation of establishment -- - - ---- Four troops detached to Scotland -- - - 1797 Reduction of establishment 49 - - 1798 Alteration in the Arms and Clothing -- - - 1800 Augmentation of establishment 50 - - ---- Proceeds to Scotland -- - - 1802 Reduction of establishment -- - - ---- Embarks for Ireland -- - - 1805 ---- for England 51 - - 1806 Augmentation of establishment -- - - 1807 Reviewed at Brighton by the Duke of York -- - - 1809 Embarks for Holland 52 - - 1810 Reviewed at Guildford by the Duke of Cambridge 53 - - 1811 ---- on Wimbledon Common by the Prince - Regent -- - - ---- Embarks for the Peninsula 54 - - 1812 Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo 55 - - ---- ---- Badajoz -- - - ---- Affair near La Granja 56 - - 1812 Action at Llerena 57 - - ---- Attack on the bridge of boats at Almaraz 58 - - ---- Skirmish near Salamanca -- - - ---- ---- on the heights of St. Christoval -- - - ---- ---- near Castrillos 60 - - ---- Battle of Salamanca 61 - - ---- Siege of Burgos 65 - - ---- Covers the mining party at Palencia 66 - - 1813 Affair on the heights of Estepar 68 - - ---- Battle of Vittoria 69 - - 1814 Advance on Bayonne 71 - - ---- Affair of La Mosquiere -- - - ---- Battle of Toulouse 72 - - ---- Furnishes horses to mount the royal guard of - France 73 - - ---- Returns to England 74 - - ---- Reviewed on Hounslow Heath by the Duke of - York, Commander-in-Chief -- - - ---- Reduction of establishment 75 - - ---- Authorised to bear the word "SALAMANCA" -- - - 1815 Embarks for Ostend 76 - - ---- Reinforces the Army in France -- - - ---- Reviewed by the Emperor of Russia, King of - Prussia, and the Duke of Wellington -- - - 1816 Forms part of the Army of Occupation -- - - ---- Reviewed by the Duke of Kent, and the Duke of - Wellington 77 - - 1818 Returns to England -- - - ---- Reduction of establishment -- - - ---- Constituted _Light Dragoons_ -- - - ---- Attends the funeral of Queen Charlotte 78 - - ---- Proceeds to Ireland -- - - 1820 Reviewed for the first time as a Light Dragoon - Regiment -- - - 1821 Escorts King George IV. on his entry into - Dublin 79 - - ---- Reviewed by His Majesty -- - - ---- Furnishes the guard of honour on the embarkation - of the King for England -- - - ---- Authorised to bear the words "VITTORIA" and - "TOULOUSE" 80 - - 1822 Returns to England 81 - - 1823 Reviewed by the Duke of York -- - - 1824 Again reviewed by his Royal Highness the - Commander-in-Chief 82 - - 1825 Receives testimonials for its conduct in aiding the - Civil Power at Sunderland 83 - - 1826 Proceeds to Ireland 84 - - 1829 Returns to England 85 - - 1830 Establishment of horses augmented 87 - - 1831 Proceeds to Scotland -- - - 1833 Returns to England -- - - 1834 Proceeds to Hounslow -- - - 1835 Embarks for Ireland -- - - 1837 Returns to England 88 - - ---- Embarks for the East Indies -- - - 1842 Expedition to Affghanistan 89 - - ---- Storming of the heights of Jugdulluck 90 - - ---- Action at Tezeen 91 - - ---- Arrives at Cabool, and plants the British colours - in the Bala Hissar 93 - - ---- Capture of Istalif 94 - - ---- Authorised to bear the word "CABOOL" 95 - - ---- Returns to India -- - - 1845 Forms part of the Army of the Sutlej -- - - ---- Battle of Moodkee 96 - - ---- ---- Ferozeshah 98 - - 1846 ---- Aliwal 100 - - ---- ---- Sobraon 101 - - 1846 Occupation of Lahore 105 - - ---- Returns to India -- - - ---- The Conclusion 107 - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. - - 1685 Duke of Somerset 109 - - 1687 Alexander Cannon 110 - - 1688 Richard Leveson -- - - 1694 Thomas Lord Fairfax 111 - - 1695 William Lloyd -- - - 1703 George Carpenter 112 - - 1732 Philip Honeywood 114 - - 1743 Humphrey Bland -- - - 1752 James Lord Tyrawley 115 - - 1755 Earl of Albemarle 116 - - 1772 Charles Lord Southampton 117 - - 1797 Francis Lascelles -- - - 1799 Sir Charles Grey 118 - - 1807 William Cartwright 119 - - 1821 Viscount Combermere 120 - - 1829 Lord George Beresford -- - - 1839 Lord Charles Somerset Manners 121 - - -PLATES. - - Costume of the Regiment _to face_ 1 - - Battle of Sobraon " 106 - -[Illustration: 3rd Light Dragoons. - - [To face page 1.] - - - - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF THE - -THIRD, OR THE KING'S OWN, REGIMENT - -OF - -LIGHT DRAGOONS. - - -[Sidenote: 1685] - -JAMES THE SECOND ascended the throne of England on the 6th of February, -1685, and four months only had elapsed, when his nephew, JAMES DUKE OF -MONMOUTH, erected the standard of rebellion on the western coast, and, -having been joined by upwards of three thousand men, proclaimed himself -king. To oppose MONMOUTH and his rash adherents, the King obtained from -Parliament a grant of four hundred thousand pounds, and augmented the -strength of his army. Among the loyal yeomen and artisans who arrayed -themselves under the banners of their sovereign, a number of young -men from Berkshire, Middlesex, Herts, and Essex, were formed into -five independent troops of Dragoons under Captains RICHARD LEVESON, -JOHN WILLIAMS, THOMAS HUSSEY, EDWARD LEA, and FRANCIS RUSSEL. These -five troops, with an old independent troop of Dragoons, commanded by -Colonel Strather, were attached to the Royal Dragoons under JOHN LORD -CHURCHILL, (afterwards the great DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH,) whose regiment -was thus augmented to nine hundred men, and from these additional -troops the corps which now bears the distinguished title of the "THIRD, -OR KING'S OWN REGIMENT OF LIGHT DRAGOONS," derives its origin. - -Captain Russel's troop rendezvoused at Chelsea and Knightsbridge, and -having been speedily mounted and equipped, it was attached to the three -Scots regiments of foot which had arrived from Holland, and ordered -to join the army; but the insurgent bands having been overthrown at -Sedgemoor on the 6th of July, it halted at Bagshot; and proceeding -to London on the 13th, was present at the execution of the Duke of -Monmouth on the 15th of that month. - -Although the insurrection was thus speedily suppressed, and the -executions which followed were sufficiently numerous to intimidate -the disaffected, and prevent a second appeal to arms of a similar -character, yet the King resolved to retain a considerable number of -the newly-raised forces in his service. On the 17th of July several -troops of Dragoons were formed into a regiment, (now the fourth -light dragoons,) under the command of Colonel John Berkeley; and in -the beginning of August, four of the additional troops attached to -the royal dragoons, with one troop from Berkeley's regiment, were -incorporated; at the same time another troop was ordered to be raised, -and the six were constituted a regiment of which HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF -SOMERSET was appointed Colonel, and ALEXANDER CANNON, from a regiment -of foot in the Dutch service, Lieutenant-Colonel, by commission dated -the 2nd of August, 1685. The regiment thus formed is the subject of -this memoir; its Colonel being Lord-Lieutenant of Somersetshire, had -commanded the militia of that county during the rebellion, and his -regiment was honoured with the title of the "QUEEN CONSORT'S REGIMENT -OF DRAGOONS;" and being composed of troops raised previously to those -of Berkeley's regiment, it obtained precedence of the last-mentioned -corps[10]. - -[Sidenote: 1686] - -The establishment was fixed by warrant under the sign manual, bearing -date the 1st of January, 1686, from which the following is an extract. - - +------------------------------------------------------------------------+ - | THE QUEEN CONSORT'S REGIMENT OF DRAGOONS. | - +---------------------------------------------------+--------------------+ - | STAFF-OFFICERS. | Per Diem. | - +---------------------------------------------------+--------------------+ - | | £. | _s._ | _d._ | - | | | | | - | Colonel, _as Colonel_, xiiˢ, iij horses iijˢ | 0 | 15 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Lieutenant-Colonel, _as Lieut.-Colonel_, vijˢ, } | | | | - | and ij horses ijˢ } | 0 | 9 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Major (_who has no troop_) | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Chaplaine | 0 | 6 | 8 | - | | | | | - | Chirurgeon ivˢ and j horse to carry his } | | | | - | chest, ijˢ } | 0 | 6 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Adjutant ivˢ, and for his horse jˢ | 0 | 5 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Quarter-Master and Marshal in one person } | | | | - | ivˢ, his horse jˢ } | 0 | 5 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Gunsmith ivˢ and his servant iˢ | 0 | 5 | 0 | - | +------+------+------+ - | | 3 | 6 | 8 | - | +------+------+------+ - | THE COLONEL'S TROOP. | | | | - | | | | | - | The Colonel, _as Captaine_, viiiˢ, and iij } | | | | - | horses iijˢ } | 0 | 11 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Lieutenant ivˢ, and ij horses ijˢ | 0 | 6 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Cornett iijˢ, and ij horses ijˢ | 0 | 5 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Quarter-Master, for himself and horse | 0 | 4 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Two Serjeants, each jˢ viᵈ, and ijˢ for horses | 0 | 5 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Three Corporals, each jˢ, and iijˢ for horses | 0 | 6 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Two Drummers, each jˢ, and ijˢ for horses | 0 | 4 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Two Hautboys, each iˢ, and ijˢ for horses | 0 | 4 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Fifty Soldiers, each at iˢ viᵈ for man and } | | | | - | horse } | 3 | 15 | 0 | - | +------+------+------+ - | | 6 | 0 | 0 | - | | | | | - | Five Troops more, at the same rate | 30 | 0 | 0 | - | +------+------+------+ - | TOTAL PER DIEM | 39 | 6 | 8 | - | +------+------+------+ - | PER ANNUM £14,356. 13_s._ 4_d._ | | | | - +---------------------------------------------------+------+------+------+ - - +----------------------------------------------------------------------+ - | NAMES of the OFFICERS of HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN | - | CONSORT'S REGIMENT OF DRAGOONS. | - +------------------------------+-------------------+-------------------+ - | Captains. | Lieutenants. | Cornets. | - +------------------------------+-------------------+-------------------+ - | Charles, Duke of Somerset, } | Thomas Pownell | Thos. Brewerton | - | (Colonel) } | | | - | | | | - | Alexr. Cannon, (Lieut.-Col.) | Edward Sandys | John Webb | - | | | | - | Gustavus Philpot, (Major) | had no troop | | - | | | | - | Richard Leveson | Willm. Stanniford | Francis De la Rue | - | | | | - | John Williams | George Clifford | Richard Folliott | - | | | | - | Thomas Hussey | William Hussey | Peter Sutherland | - | | | | - | Oliver St. George | Francis Tankard | Rupert Napier | - +==============================+===================+===================+ - | Henry Packhurst Chaplain. | - | James Barry Adjutant. | - | Noe L'Evesque Chirurgeon. | - +----------------------------------------------------------------------+ - -[Sidenote: 1687] - -During the summer the regiment was encamped on Hounslow Heath, where it -was reviewed by the King; it was also encamped on the same ground in -the summer of 1687; and took part in several mock-engagements, which -were exhibited by an army of upwards of ten thousand men, in presence -of their Majesties, and a numerous concourse of people. - -[Sidenote: 1688] - -The King, having openly declared himself a Roman Catholic, resolved to -give public audience to a nuncio from the Pope, Ferdinand d'Adda, who -had been consecrated Archbishop of Amasia in the King's Chapel at St. -James's, and the DUKE OF SOMERSET, who was Lord of the Bedchamber in -waiting, was directed to attend the legate into His Majesty's presence. -This command his Grace refused to obey, with a laudable firmness which -astonished the King, alleging the laws of England made such attendance -treason; he was consequently deprived of his regiment and of his post -at court. The King conferred the Colonelcy on the Lieutenant-Colonel, -ALEXANDER CANNON, under whom it was again encamped on Hounslow Heath. - -While pursuing a course of tyrannical and ill-advised measures against -the laws and religion of the country, the King learnt with astonishment -and indignation, that the Prince of Orange was embarking an army for -England to aid the noblemen and gentlemen who were opposed to papacy -and arbitrary government; the QUEEN'S DRAGOONS, with several other -corps, were ordered to Ipswich, under the command of Major-General Sir -John Lanier, to endeavour to preserve Landguard fort, and to oppose -the Prince if he should attempt to land there. His Highness, however, -landed at Torbay on the 5th of November, 1688, when the regiment -was ordered to Salisbury, and from thence to Warminster, where the -advance-post of the King's army was established. - -While the regiment was stationed at Warminster, the Lieutenant-Colonel, -RICHARD LEVESON, Captain St. George, with several other officers and a -number of men, being stanch Protestants and zealous advocates for their -religion, and for the welfare of their country, quitted their post and -joined the Prince of Orange. The remainder of the regiment continued -with King James' army and retreated towards London. His Majesty having -quitted England and retired to France, the regiment was re-united -at Dunstable, and the Prince of Orange conferred the colonelcy on -Lieutenant-Colonel LEVESON, in succession to Colonel Cannon, who -adhered to the interest, and followed the fortunes of King James. - -[Sidenote: 1689] - -On the accession of King William III. and Queen Mary, the Regiment did -not lose its title of "THE QUEEN'S," but that designation was not used, -and numerical titles not having been then introduced, it was usually -styled LEVESON'S regiment; it was, however, again called "THE QUEEN'S," -after its return from Ireland in 1692. - -Under its new sovereign the regiment was quickly employed in active -service. King James proceeded from France to Ireland, and finding -an army, levied by Earl Tyrconnel, ready to support the Roman -Catholic interest, he soon reduced the greater part of that country -to submission to his authority. King William sent the veteran Duke -Schomberg with an army to Ireland, to rescue that country from the -power of papacy; and LEVESON'S dragoons embarked at Highlake on -the 21st of August, for the same destination. Having landed near -Carrickfergus, they joined Duke Schomberg's camp a mile beyond Belfast, -on the 30th of August, and were reviewed on the following day. - -The army quitted Belfast on the 2nd of September, and advancing -towards Newry on the 3rd, found the town in flames, and the enemy -fled; LEVESON'S troopers and some Inniskilling horse, rode forward in -pursuit, but were unable to overtake the rear of the fugitive army. - -A camp was afterwards formed at Dundalk, and, on the 13th of September, -as a party of the regiment was cutting forage in the fields, a -detachment of the enemy appeared; the dragoons instantly threw down -their forage and advanced to meet their opponents, who, though superior -in numbers, faced about and retired. On the 21st of September the enemy -appeared in force, displaying their royal standard, but retired without -venturing to attack the camp; when a party of LEVESON'S Dragoons -galloped forward in pursuit, and overtaking the enemy's rear, killed -five men. On the 17th of October, as a detachment of the regiment and -some Inniskilling horse, were reconnoitring, they advanced with great -audacity to the immediate vicinity of King James' camp, and a party of -Irish horse gained a pass in their rear to cut off their retreat; but -the gallant dragoons, by a determined charge forced their way through -the defile, killed four opponents, and brought off six prisoners. - -These instances of bravery gave Duke Schomberg a high opinion of the -regiment, and about midnight on the 27th of October, he sent out two -hundred of LEVESON'S troopers with some Inniskilling horse and French -protestants, who dashed across the country to the neighbourhood of -_Ardee_, routed the enemy's out-guards, and captured a drove of oxen -and some horses, with which they returned in triumph to the camp at -Dundalk. - -In November the army went into winter quarters in the north of Ireland, -and a party of LEVESON'S troopers was stationed at a frontier post -at Tandrogee. On the 26th of November, sixty men of the regiment -accompanied Colonel Cambron, while making a reconnoisance of the -enemy's post at _Charlemont_; when they discovered a party from the -garrison posted in the hedges near the place. The Dragoons, with their -characteristic intrepidity, dismounted, drove the enemy from the hedges -in gallant style, killed seven men upon the spot, and captured two -Irish musketeers, twenty horses, and a number of cattle, with the loss -of one man who was killed by a shot from the town, and eight men, whose -ardour led them too forward in the pursuit, and who were surrounded and -made prisoners. - -[Sidenote: 1690] - -In February, one squadron of the regiment formed part of a -reconnoitring party under Major-General Sir John Lanier; and -on arriving in the vicinity of Dundalk, LEVESON'S dragoons -dismounted,--stormed _Bedloe's Castle_,--killed ten of the -garrison,--took the remainder prisoners,--and burnt the building. -The same party captured about fifteen hundred head of cattle, and -afterwards returned to Newry,--having lost one lieutenant, three -dragoons, and four horses, killed, in this expedition. - -Although no general engagement had occurred, LEVESON'S dragoons, by -their spirited conduct on all occasions, had become celebrated in -the army; Colonel LEVESON was foremost on every occasion of danger, -the men were proud of their commander, and the character of the corps -was already established, when King William III. arrived in Ireland to -command the Army in person. His Majesty landed at Carrickfergus on the -14th of June, and proceeded from thence to Belfast, where he was met by -the principal officers of the army. LEVESON'S troopers were, at this -time, at Newry, with a division of the army commanded by Major-General -Kirke; and on Sunday, the 22nd of June, a squadron of the regiment, -under the orders of Captain Crow, and a company of Kirke's (now second) -foot, commanded by Captain Farlow, were ordered forward to reconnoitre -the enemy's camp at Dundalk. - -[Sidenote: 1690] - -This party was on the march at an early hour, and having advanced -through a pass, to the grounds where the enemy had erected a fort in -the preceding campaign, but had afterwards abandoned it, they were -suddenly saluted by a volley from some infantry who had concealed -themselves in the fort; at the same time five hundred of the enemy's -horse were seen through the misty dawn advancing to charge them. -Never were men in greater danger than that to which this little -band was exposed; LEVESON'S troopers, being in advance, stood their -ground boldly, but were driven back by the superior numbers of their -antagonists. The enemy's horsemen being checked by the fire of Farlow's -musketeers, the dragoons returned to the charge and used their broad -swords with good effect; the pikemen joined in the charge and the Irish -were driven back; but not knowing the numbers of their opponents, the -dragoons and pikemen retired through the pass in good order. The loss -on this occasion was twenty-two men killed and several wounded, and -Captain Farlow, who commanded the foot, was taken prisoner. The enemy's -loss was greater, and their Commanding Officer was killed by one of -LEVESON'S troopers. Another party of the regiment was sent forward on -the following morning, and ascertained that the enemy had left the camp -at Dundalk, and were retreating towards Ardee. - -King William advanced through Dundalk to Ardee, which town he entered -as the enemy's rear-guard abandoned the place. On the 30th of June -he arrived at the river _Boyne_, and Captain Pownell, of LEVESON'S -dragoons, was sent with a squadron to take post near Slane-bridge. King -James' army was strongly posted on the opposite bank of the river, with -his right near Drogheda and his left extending towards the village of -Slane. - -On the 1st of July the river was crossed at three places, and a general -engagement was fought. After a severe struggle the enemy retreated -to the village of Donore, where they made such a determined stand -that the Dutch and Danish horse, though headed by the King in person, -gave way; when a squadron of LEVESON'S dragoons, commanded by Captain -Brewerton, and a party of Sir Albert Cunningham's dragoons (the sixth -Inniskilling) dismounted, and, lining the hedges, and an old house, -'did such execution upon the pursuers as soon checked their ardour.' -At the same time Colonel LEVESON, with the remainder of his regiment, -galloped forward, and, with admirable bravery, interposed between the -enemy's horse, and the village of Duleck. King William's horse having -rallied and returned to the charge, the enemy retreated, when they were -attacked in the rear by Colonel LEVESON with his dragoons, who made -great slaughter. The Irish abandoned the field with precipitation; but -their French and Swiss auxiliaries retreated in good order. - -King James returned to France, yet the war was continued in Ireland. -On the 22nd of July, LEVESON'S dragoons proceeded, with other forces, -to _Waterford_, and invested the town. The garrison surrendered on -the 25th, and was conducted to _Youghal_ by a troop of the regiment -under Captain Pownell. Having delivered up his charge, the captain, -representing to the governor the ruin he would bring upon himself if -he held out, induced him to deliver up the place; and it was taken -possession of the same night by the dragoons, who found fourteen pieces -of cannon, 350 barrels of oats, and some provisions, in the town. -This troop remained in garrison at Youghal, with a company of foot; -and the commanding officer, having heard that bands of armed Roman -Catholic peasantry, called Rapparees, were committing ravages on the -Protestants, marched out with thirty-six dragoons and fifty foot. The -dragoons were in advance, and when they arrived near _Castle Martir_, -they encountered three hundred rapparees. Notwithstanding the disparity -of numbers, the gallant dragoons dashed forward sword in hand,--broke -in upon the enemy,--sabred sixty upon the spot, and took seventeen -prisoners. The foot having come up, the castle was summoned, and the -troops in the garrison delivered it up on condition of being allowed -to march unmolested to Cork, without horses and arms. The captain gave -the arms to the Protestant inhabitants, and took the horses with him to -Youghal. - -At this time the remainder of the regiment was engaged in the siege of -_Limerick_, which failed, owing to the loss of the battering train. -From Limerick the five troops marched with other corps towards _Birr_, -to relieve the castle, which was besieged by the enemy; and, after -performing this service, encamped beyond the town. - -On the 16th of September one troop of the regiment attacked an immense -number of rapparees who were proceeding from Cork to Lismore, and -having routed them and killed forty, took three prisoners. Two days -afterwards, as Lieutenant Kelly of the regiment was out with a small -party reconnoitring, he was surrounded and taken prisoner. - -[Sidenote: 1691] - -The regiment passed a part of the winter at Clonmel, and in February -1691, it was employed on an expedition to _Streamstown_, when the -advanced guard highly distinguished itself; and shortly afterwards -its colonel, the gallant LEVESON, was promoted to the rank of -brigadier-general. In May it was encamped at Mullingar. - -The Irish being strengthened from France, and the English from -Scotland, both armies took the field in the beginning of June, when -General De Ginkell, who was left in command by King William, advanced -through Mullingar,--captured Ballymore, and besieged Athlone, which -was gallantly stormed and taken on the 30th of June. The town having -been put in a posture of defence, the army advanced to Ballinasloe, -and on Sunday, the 12th of July, advanced in four columns against the -Irish, who were strongly posted near the village of _Aghrim_; their -right flank and centre being covered by a morass, and the remainder -of their front by enclosures, terminating at the castle of Aghrim, on -which their left rested. LEVESON'S troopers were formed in brigade with -the royal Irish dragoons commanded by Brigadier-General Villiers, and -posted on the right of the line. The action was well contested on both -sides. At length the Blues, Langston's, and Byerley's horse, a squadron -of Ruvigny's French Protestants, and LEVESON'S dragoons, forced the -pass at the castle of Aghrim, and, by a gallant charge, decided the -fate of the day. LEVESON'S gallant troopers rushed forward with their -wonted bravery, and overthrew all opposition. In opposing this attack -in person, the enemy's general, ST. RUTH, was killed by a cannon -ball, and the Irish giving way, were pursued with great slaughter -by the cavalry towards Loughrea. The regiment was thanked by the -Commander-in-Chief for its excellent conduct. It lost in this action -seven men killed, and five wounded. - -LEVESON'S dragoons were afterwards employed in the siege of _Galway_. -On the 2nd of August they were detached, with twenty-four men from each -regiment of Horse, under the command of Brigadier-General Leveson, to -scour the country and drive in the enemy's parties; and they arrived -on the 4th, in the vicinity of _Nenagh_, where five hundred of the -enemy, under Brigadier-General Carrol (commonly called Tall Anthony) -were in garrison in an old castle, on the domain of the Duke of Ormond. -Part of the garrison occupied a pass half a mile in front of the -castle; but was driven from that post by the dragoons. The garrison -made a precipitate retreat towards Limerick, but were overtaken at -_Cariganlis_, and routed with the loss of several men, their baggage, -and four hundred head of cattle. - -The siege of _Limerick_ commenced on the 25th of August, and the -regiment was before the town until the 31st, when it was detached -with a party of horse under Brigadier-General LEVESON, and Major Wood -of the eighth horse (now sixth dragoon guards) to reduce the small -garrisons in the county of Kerry, where the whole country was found -in arms, and Lords Merrion's and Bretta's regiments of Irish horse -there to assist the rapparees. LEVESON and WOOD[11] were both daring -aspirants for military fame, and had become celebrated for their zeal -and valour, and for their abilities on detached services.--Having -ascertained where the two Irish regiments were encamped, they marched -all the night of the 1st of September; and about one on the following -morning, rushed suddenly upon them with the horse and dragoons. The -enemy, surprised and confounded, fled in every direction, pursued by -the victorious dragoons, who sabred many men and captured a drove of -oxen. A reinforcement of three hundred horse and dragoons and six -pieces of cannon was afterwards sent to Brigadier-General LEVESON, -and he reduced several garrisons between Cork and Limerick, and sent -numbers of oxen and sheep to the army. On the 22nd of September this -gallant officer, with only two hundred and fifty horse and dragoons, -attacked and dispersed two regiments of Irish dragoons and a body -of rapparees nearly three thousand strong; when he again captured -some cattle and sheep. It appears that the principal part of the -provisions for the army encamped before Limerick was supplied by the -activity of LEVESON'S corps, which continued to act as an independent -force until the surrender of that city on the 3rd of October. In King -James's declaration from St. Germains, Brigadier-General LEVESON was -especially exempted from the general amnesty. - -[Sidenote: 1692] - -[Sidenote: 1693] - -With the fall of Limerick ended the war in Ireland[12]; and the -regiment having embarked for England, landed at Barnstaple on the 18th -of March, 1692. Its establishment was six troops, 360 men, and its -expense 15,999_l._ 3_s._ 4_d._ per annum. During this and the following -year it was stationed in the south and western counties of England. - -[Sidenote: 1694] - -On the 19th of January, 1694, Brigadier-General Leveson was removed -to the third horse, now second dragoon guards; and the colonelcy of -the QUEEN'S dragoons was conferred upon THOMAS, LORD FAIRFAX, from -lieut.-colonel of the second troop (now second regiment) of life guards. - -At this period King William was engaged in a war with France, and the -third horse and QUEEN'S dragoons having been reviewed by His Majesty -in Hyde Park, on the 26th of March embarked for foreign service. The -QUEEN'S dragoons landed at Williamstadt, in North Brabant, on the -16th of April 1694, joined the army encamped at Tirlemont on the -21st of June, and was again reviewed by His Majesty on the following -day. Its excellent conduct in Ireland appears to have raised the -regiment high in the King's estimation, and it was ordered to encamp -beyond the defiles of the village of Roosebeck, to cover His Majesty's -quarters[13]. - -The regiment served the campaign of this year in brigade with the -royals and royal Scots dragoons, and was employed in manœuvring and -skirmishing in the valleys of Brabant and in the verdant plains of -Flanders. No general engagement occurred, and in October it went into -quarters at Ghent. - -[Sidenote: 1695] - -In February, 1695, Lord Fairfax having retired, King William conferred -the colonelcy on Colonel _William Lloyd_: at the same time the -establishment was augmented to eight troops of thirty-eight officers, -seventy-two non-commissioned officers, and four hundred and eighty -privates, the annual expense being increased to 20,652_l._ 18_s._ 4_d._ - -Having passed the winter in barracks at Ghent and received a remount -from England, the QUEEN'S dragoons marched, in April 1695, to Dixmude -in West Flanders, and encamped on the plains of the Yperlee. A small -detached corps was assembled at this place under Major-General -Ellemberg, and in June an attack was made on the forts at Kenoque, to -draw the French troops that way, and to facilitate the siege of Namur, -which was undertaken immediately afterwards. - -The QUEEN'S dragoons, with eight battalions of infantry, returned to -Dixmude, and the remainder of the division marched to the main army -before Namur. - -While the army was besieging Namur, a French force, commanded by -General de Montal, invested Dixmude (15th July), and carried on -the approaches with great expedition. The governor, Major-General -Ellemberg, called a council of war, and suggested the expediency of -surrendering. This was opposed by Major Beaumont, who commanded the -QUEEN'S dragoons[14], and some other officers, but it was agreed to -by the majority, and the garrison was delivered up prisoners of war. -Thus, the gallant dragoons, after displaying the greatest valour in -former campaigns, were tamely consigned into the hands of the enemy, -by a timid, or treacherous, foreign general officer. The soldiers -were enraged at not being permitted to defend the place; many of the -men broke their arms before they delivered them up, and one British -regiment tore its colours to pieces. - -An agreement had previously been made by the contending powers, -that all prisoners should be given up on certain conditions. These -conditions were complied with, and the return of the regiments which -had surrendered, was demanded; but the French court refused to give -them up. At length the citadel of Namur capitulated, and the French -garrison was permitted to march out without being made prisoners, but -as they passed through the allied army, their commander, Marshal -Boufflers, was arrested and detained until the conditions of the -agreement were complied with. The detention of the marshal produced the -release of the regiments; the QUEEN'S dragoons returned to the army, -and were ordered into barracks at Ghent. At the same time a general -court-martial assembled for the trial of the officers who had delivered -the regiments into the power of the enemy. The governor of Dixmude, -Major-General Ellemberg, was sentenced to be beheaded, and was executed -at Ghent on the 20th of November. Colonels Graham, O'Farrell, Lesly, -and Aver, were cashiered; two others were suspended, and the remainder -acquitted. After the army left the field, the QUEEN'S dragoons were -quartered in villages near the canal of Sluys. - -[Sidenote: 1696] - -The regiment again took the field in May 1696, and was reviewed by -King William on the 29th of that month, when it appeared complete in -numbers, and in excellent condition. During the summer it formed part -of a detached corps commanded by Major-General Fagel, and encamped -near Nieuport. The enemy made demonstrations of an attack on this part -of the country, when entrenchments were thrown up, the sluices were -opened, and the grounds in front of the French army were laid under -water. A few skirmishes were, however, all that occurred; and in the -early part of October the QUEEN'S dragoons marched into quarters on the -frontiers of Dutch Flanders. - -[Sidenote: 1697] - -[Sidenote: 1698] - -After leaving its village cantonments in the early part of April 1697, -the regiment was encamped at Bois-Seigneur-Isaac; it was afterwards -employed in operations in Brabant, and on the 27th of May it formed -part of a detachment of seven squadrons, commanded by Major-General -de Bay, sent from the camp at Promelles towards Binche and -Herlaymonte-Capelle. When on the march, the advance-guard, consisting -of a squadron of the QUEEN'S, commanded by Colonel Lloyd, encountered -a squadron of French carabineers, whom the dragoons overthrew and put -to flight, killing and wounding many men, and taking an officer and -seventeen soldiers prisoners. The regiment was subsequently employed -in covering Brussels, until the treaty of Ryswick restored peace to -Europe; when it left the Netherlands and returned to England. In the -following year the establishment was reduced to six troops--286 private -men. - -[Sidenote: 1702] - -The regiment remained in England until the summer of 1702, when, war -having been declared against France and Spain, an expedition, commanded -by the Duke of Ormond, was sent against _Cadiz_, and a detachment -of the QUEEN'S dragoons, consisting of three field-officers, three -captains, four lieutenants, five cornets, three staff-officers, five -quarter-masters, five serjeants, fourteen corporals, eight drummers, -and one hundred and eighty-six private men[15], was embarked for this -service. A landing was effected on the coast of Spain, near Cadiz, on -the 15th of August; on the following day Rota, a town on the north side -of the bay seven miles from Cadiz, was taken, and on the 21st, Port -St. Mary's, situate at the mouth of the river Guadalete, was captured. -The QUEEN'S dragoons, being the only cavalry with the expedition, were -almost constantly employed on piquet and outpost duty. On the 25th of -August the army encamped at _Santa Victoria_, and in the early part of -September the attack of the Matagorda was commenced. 'On the 5th of -September a squadron of Spanish horse made bold to attack a small party -of the QUEEN'S dragoons, who behaved themselves so gallantly, that they -put the enemy to flight, having wounded and taken an officer and two -men with their horses, and on our side we had a cornet and a private -man killed, and a lieutenant taken, whom the Spaniards, against all the -laws of nations and arms, most barbarously cut in pieces[16].' - -Cadiz was found better prepared for a siege than had been expected, and -the troops were re-embarked. A successful attack was afterwards made -on the fort of Vigo in Galicia, and a rich fleet was captured in the -harbour, for which the QUEEN'S dragoons received 187_l._ 3_s._ 4_d._ -prize money[17]. - -[Sidenote: 1703] - -On the 31st of December, 1703, Brigadier-General (afterwards LORD) -CARPENTER, was appointed to the colonelcy of the QUEEN'S DRAGOONS, by -purchase[18], in succession to Major-General Lloyd. - -[Sidenote: 1706] - -The regiment remained on home service until 1706, when another -detachment of about two hundred and forty officers and men embarked on -board the fleet of Sir Cloudesley Shovel; forming part of a force of -10,000 men commanded by the Earl Rivers, and designed to invade the -coast of France, on a plan suggested by the Marquis De Guiscard. The -descent was, however, rendered impracticable by contrary winds, and the -troops were ordered to Lisbon. In the meantime the English forces in -Spain had retired from Madrid to Valencia and Catalonia, and the troops -under the Earl Rivers were directed to proceed thither. - -[Sidenote: 1707] - -The QUEEN'S dragoons, and other forces, were accordingly re-embarked; -they left Portugal in the early part of January, 1707, and, having -landed at Alicant in Valencia on the 11th of February, commenced their -march to join the forces under the Earl of Galway,--the united camp -being formed at Caudete, on the 30th of March. The army soon afterwards -destroyed several of the enemy's magazines, and besieged Villena in -Murcia. Meanwhile the French and Spanish forces, commanded by the Duke -of Berwick, advanced to the plains of _Almanza_, where the allies -resolved to attack them on the 25th of April. - -After a march of fifteen miles through a rugged and mountainous -country, the wearied British and Portuguese troops entered an open -plain between Caudete and Almanza, where the enemy, superior in numbers -and artillery, was formed in order of battle. After a short halt the -attack was commenced, and the detachments of the QUEEN'S and Essex's -(now the fourth) dragoons particularly distinguished themselves; -being ordered to charge a battery of guns, so placed on the brow -of a hill, that the artillery mules, though concealed from sight, -remained close to the guns and could be instantly attached to them. -The charge was made with determined gallantry, but the guns being -quickly withdrawn, ten squadrons of select Spanish cavalry charged the -British dragoons, amounting only to about two hundred and ninety men, -killing Lieutenant-Colonel Lawrence of the QUEEN'S, who led the attack, -also Captain Smith and Cornet Petty of the same corps, and nearly -annihilating the two squadrons. The greater part of the Portuguese -cavalry fled from the field in a panic, when the British infantry -were nearly surrounded, but the cavalry, by a desperate charge, in -which three generals (Brigadier-General Carpenter of the QUEEN'S being -one) and thirty-four officers fought in the front ranks, succeeded -in breaking through the enemy. The Earl of Galway was wounded, and -in danger of being taken prisoner; but the spirited conduct of the -dragoons enabled him to effect his escape[19]; and he retreated -with the remains of the English and Dutch cavalry to Alceira, where -he received information that the greater part of the infantry, after -retreating to the hills of Caudete, had been surrounded and compelled -to surrender prisoners of war. - -After this disaster, the few troops which remained were employed in -defensive operations for the preservation of Catalonia. The QUEEN'S -dragoons were stationed a short time at Manresa on the river Cardener, -to refresh their horses; and after the fall of Lerida, the army went -into winter quarters. The Earl of Galway embarked for Lisbon, and -Brigadier-General Carpenter remained in command of the troops in -Catalonia. - -[Sidenote: 1708] - -The QUEEN'S dragoons had suffered so severely at the battle of Almanza, -that the officers were sent to England in March 1708, and the regiment -was ordered to be recruited to sixty men per troop. The recruiting -was carried on with rapidity, and the difference in the state of the -regiment may be seen from two different returns in one year; in the -first its numbers are 150, and in the second 303. - -[Sidenote: 1709] - -[Sidenote: 1710] - -[Sidenote: 1711] - -[Sidenote: 1712] - -[Sidenote: 1713] - -In 1709 the regiment mustered 443 men, and it continued at the same -number during the two following years; but in October 1712 a reduction -of ten men per troop took place. In 1713 it was quartered in North -Britain, and mustered 339 men. - -[Sidenote: 1714] - -After the accession of King George I. in 1714 there being no Queen -Consort on the throne, the regiment was honoured with the distinguished -title of THE KING'S OWN REGIMENT OF DRAGOONS. - -[Sidenote: 1715] - -In the summer of 1715 the regiment marched to Glasgow, in consequence -of disturbances in that neighbourhood; and on the 8th of September -it joined the camp at Stirling under Major-General Whetham, which -was formed to oppose the Earl of Mar, who had raised the standard of -rebellion, and proclaimed the Pretender at Aberdeen, Dundee, and Perth. -The Duke of Argyle afterwards reviewed the troops at Stirling, as -Commander-in-Chief in Scotland. - -On the 10th of November His Grace, having intelligence of the design -of the rebels to endeavour to pass the Forth and to penetrate towards -England, resolved to prevent them, and immediately gave orders to his -troops to hold themselves in readiness. An order of battle was issued, -in which this regiment and Kerr's dragoons (the seventh) formed the -extreme left; and according to that order, the army marched from -Stirling on the 12th, and encamped on a rising ground to the east of -Dumblain, between the town and Sheriffmuir. On the 13th the battle of -SHERIFFMUIR was fought, when each party had one wing defeated and one -victorious. The KING'S OWN dragoons were in the left wing; about six -hundred highlanders surprised the infantry of that wing, in the act of -forming, and put it into confusion; but upon the dragoons charging and -defeating the rebel cavalry opposed to them, capturing their standard, -the rebel infantry pursued their advantage no further, and Captain -Armstrong, who was sent with orders from the Duke of Argyle, being -killed, the infantry retired in good order. Both sides claimed the -victory; but all the advantage remained with the Duke of Argyle, who -captured the royal standard of the rebels, called "The Restoration," -also six pieces of cannon, four waggons, and a number of prisoners. -On the following day the army returned to Stirling, and awaited the -arrival of reinforcements from England. - -[Sidenote: 1716] - -On the 9th of January, 1716, the Duke called a council of war at -Stirling, where an order of battle was issued, in which CARPENTER'S -dragoons were again placed on the left of the front line. Owing to the -roads being rendered impassable by the snow, no advance was made till -Tuesday the 29th, when the whole army advanced to Dumblain, and thence, -on the 30th, to Tullibardine. At one in the morning of the 1st of -February, the Duke with his cavalry entered Perth, where he was joined -in the evening by his infantry; the next day he advanced to Errol, -and on the 5th, with all his cavalry, moved towards Brechin; General -Cadogan leading the infantry to Aberbrothock. On the 8th Aberdeen was -occupied, and it being ascertained that the Pretender had retired to -France, and that the rebel force had totally dispersed, the army went -into winter quarters, and the KING'S OWN dragoons were stationed at -Elgin. - -[Sidenote: 1717] - -[Sidenote: 1718] - -[Sidenote: 1719] - -[Sidenote: 1720] - -[Sidenote: 1721] - -[Sidenote: 1722] - -From this time the KING'S OWN do not appear to have been engaged in -any service of importance for a period of more than twenty years. -They were usually stationed in the southern and western counties of -England; but occasionally occupied quarters, for short periods, in -Scotland. In 1718 the establishment was reduced ten men per troop; in -the following year the numbers were only 186; an addition of 21 men was -made in 1720, and during that and the two succeeding years the regiment -mustered 207 men. - -[Sidenote: 1723] - -[Sidenote: 1724] - -[Sidenote: 1725] - -[Sidenote: 1726] - -[Sidenote: 1727] - -[Sidenote: 1729] - -In 1723 the establishment was augmented to 333 men, at which number -it remained, with an alteration only of six men, until 1727, when the -regiment was ordered to hold itself in readiness to embark for Holland, -as part of the complement of 10,000 men which England had engaged to -furnish the States; at the same time its establishment was augmented to -552 men. No embarkation, however, took place; and in 1729, the numbers -of the regiment were reduced to 309. - -[Sidenote: 1732] - -After the decease of General Lord Carpenter in 1732, King George II. -conferred the colonelcy on Major-General PHILIP HONEYWOOD, from the -eleventh dragoons. - -[Sidenote: 1738] - -[Sidenote: 1739] - -An augmentation was made to the establishment in 1738; in 1739, -the breaking out of a war with Spain occasioned general orders for -recruiting to be issued:--the establishment of the KING'S OWN dragoons -was raised to 435 men, and in the summer they were encamped on Hounslow -Heath, where they were several times reviewed by the Duke of Cumberland. - -[Sidenote: 1740] - -[Sidenote: 1741] - -During the summer of 1740, the KING'S OWN were encamped in Windsor -Forest; and in 1741, they were ordered, with several other regiments -and a train of artillery, amounting nearly to 10,000 men, to prepare -for embarkation for foreign service. This force encamped in July, on -ground cleared for the purpose, on Lexdon heath, near Colchester: no -embarkation, however, took place, and after a few weeks, the troops -went into quarters in the various towns in the neighbourhood. - -[Sidenote: 1742] - -In the meantime war was raging on the continent; the King of France -and the Elector of Bavaria had united to deprive the Archduchess Maria -Theresa of her hereditary dominions; and in 1742, His Britannic Majesty -sent sixteen thousand British troops to Flanders to make a diversion in -favour of the Austrians. The KING'S OWN Regiment of dragoons was one -of the corps selected for this service, and having been reviewed on -Blackheath by King George II., accompanied by the Duke of Cumberland, -it embarked shortly afterwards at Woolwich and Deptford; their colonel, -Lieutenant-General Honeywood, taking the command of the expedition -until the arrival of Field Marshal the Earl of Stair. - -After landing at Ostend the KING'S OWN dragoons advanced a few leagues -up the country, but all active operations were prevented by the -tardiness of the Dutch. - -[Sidenote: 1743] - -Early in 1743, the British troops moved from their cantonments towards -the Rhine; the KING'S OWN, and four companies of the foot guards, -forming the advance-guard of the army, were at St. Trond, in the -province of Limburg, on the 9th of February, and on the 11th resumed -their march for Germany. In May, the regiment, with the Inniskilling -dragoons, and four battalions of the foot guards, formed a detached -camp a little below the town of Hochst, in the duchy of Nassau on the -Maine, and was afterwards encamped at Aschaffenburg in Franconia, -a town situate on a hill on the side of Maine. In the meantime -Lieut.-General Honeywood had been removed to the first dragoon guards, -and the colonelcy of the KING'S OWN conferred on Brigadier-General -HUMPHREY BLAND, from the thirteenth dragoons. - -His Majesty King George II. having left England towards the end of May, -landed at Helvoetsluys on the 2nd of June, and joined the army on the -9th; when he found his forces under considerable embarrassment, from -the French commander having succeeded in gaining possession of several -important posts on the Maine, by which means he cut off the supplies of -provisions and forage. - -Under these circumstances His Majesty resolved to march to Hanau, where -a reinforcement of 12,000 Hessians and Hanoverians had arrived; and at -daybreak on the 16th of June, the troops commenced the march along the -banks of the Maine: but scarcely had they proceeded three leagues when -it was ascertained that the enemy had crossed the river, and was drawn -up near DETTINGEN to dispute the march of the army. - -The allies were immediately formed for action, with their left on the -river, and their right extending to a wood, in which the baggage was -placed. Shortly afterwards the action commenced, when Lieut.-General -Clayton, who commanded the left wing of infantry, requested some -squadrons to cover his flank, and the KING'S OWN dragoons were ordered -to this important post, where they suffered severely, being exposed -three hours to the fire of the French batteries, as well from their -front, as from the other side of the river, which commanded their flank -and rear. At length the regiment was led forward, and encountering nine -squadrons of household cavalry, the élite of the French army, charged -these celebrated horsemen with a degree of gallantry truly astonishing. -British valour was most conspicuously displayed; though over-matched -with numbers, and nearly surrounded by enemies, the KING'S OWN dragoons -were seen nobly contending for victory, and mingled in close fight -with their antagonists, the swift motion of their glittering sabres -showed with what vehemence the gallant troopers fought for the honour -of their King and country. They cut through their renowned opponents -three times; distinguishing themselves in the most signal manner under -the eye of their Sovereign, and contributing materially to the victory -gained on that occasion. Their loss was however great. Of the three -cornets who bore the standards, two were wounded, and the third, Mr. -Child, the brother of Lord Castlemaine, had two horses killed under -him. The standards were totally destroyed by shot and sabre-cuts, -and one of them was only preserved from capture by the heroism of a -private in the regiment, named THOMAS BROWN, a native of Kirkleatham, -in Yorkshire. This gallant soldier, on the cornet's receiving a wound -in the wrist, and dropping the standard, attempted to dismount in order -to recover it, but in so doing lost two fingers of his bridle-hand by -a sabre cut, and his horse ran away with him to the rear of the French -lines. Whilst endeavouring to regain his regiment he perceived the -standard, which the French had succeeded in capturing by overwhelming -numbers, in the custody of a _gendarme_, who was conveying it to the -rear. This man he attacked and killed, caught the standard as it fell, -and fixing it between his leg and the saddle, succeeded in cutting his -way back through the ranks of the enemy: but received, in so doing, -seven wounds in his head, face, and body, and three balls passed -through his hat.[20] A letter, in the Gazette of July 16th, states, -'that in this action Ligonier's horse, (the seventh dragoon guards,) -and the THIRD dragoons suffered most, and gained great reputation.' The -loss of the THIRD was Lieutenant Baily, one serjeant, two drummers, -thirty-eight private men, and one hundred and forty-one horses, -killed; Major Honeywood[21], Captain Brown, Lieutenant Robinson, -Cornets Dawson, Monteith and O'Carrol, with three quarter-masters, six -serjeants, five drummers, eighty-six private men, and fifty horses -wounded[22]. The victory was most decisive; the French were completely -defeated in their attempt, and were compelled to recross the Maine with -precipitation, with the loss of many standards, colours, and four pair -of kettle-drums. - -The KING'S OWN dragoons passed the night near the field of battle, -surrounded by their ensanguined trophies, and, having marched to Hanau -on the following day, were encamped, for some time, on the banks of the -little river Kinzig, from whence they advanced with the army, in the -early part of August, for the Rhine; and, having crossed that river -above Mentz, were employed in operations in West Germany, where the -army was joined by the Dutch auxiliaries. The enemy's entrenchments -at Germersheim, in the Bavarian circle of the Rhine, were afterwards -destroyed, but no general engagement occurred; and in the middle -of October the army repassed the Rhine, and marched back to the -Netherlands in eight divisions[23]. The royals, greys, and KING'S -OWN dragoons, with the Scots highlanders, forming the first division, -proceeded through the duchy of Nassau, the provinces of Limburg, -Liege, and South Brabant, to Brussels, where they arrived on the 16th -of November, and on the following day continued their march for West -Flanders, to pass the winter in quarters at Ghent. - -[Sidenote: 1744] - -Notwithstanding its severe loss the regiment remained in Belgium, and -being joined by a number of recruits, in the spring of 1744, it took -the field, and in June it formed part of the army encamped on the banks -of the Scheldt, near Oudenarde, in East Flanders. During the summer it -was employed in operations in the province of Hainault, and in levying -contributions in the French territory towards Lisle. In October it -marched into quarters at Ghent: and by the Muster Rolls for this year -we find its numbers were 538. - -[Sidenote: 1745] - -After leaving their winter quarters about the middle of April, 1745, -the KING'S OWN were encamped a short time near Brussels, where they -were reviewed by his Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland. They were -afterwards assembled with the army at Soignies. The French having -assembled a numerous army and besieged Tournay, the Duke of Cumberland -resolved to attempt the relief of that fortress; the army, accordingly, -advanced, and on the 28th of April took post at Leuse. On the following -day a squadron of the KING'S OWN was employed, with other troops, in -driving back the enemy's advanced-posts, and on the 30th the battle of -_Fontenoy_ took place; when the gallant efforts and brilliant success -of the British were rendered unavailing by the failure of the Dutch. -After an action of several hours the KING'S OWN dragoons were ordered -forward, and they charged the enemy with their accustomed gallantry; -but under such disadvantageous circumstances that their manly efforts -only retarded the fate of the day. The Duke of Cumberland ordered -a retreat, and the army marched to the vicinity of Aeth. The enemy -had great advantage in numbers, in artillery, and in the favourable -ground they occupied; the loss was nearly equal on both sides, and -the Allies lost no honour, though compelled to retire. The KING'S OWN -had nine private men, and twenty-eight horses, killed; Captain Wade, -Quarter-Master Corbidge, fourteen private men, and thirty-four horses -wounded;--and Cornet Bland, two non-commissioned-officers, fifteen men, -and twenty-three horses missing. - -The regiment was afterwards encamped on the banks of the Dender, near -Lessines; from whence it proceeded with the army on the 30th of June, -to Grammont in West Flanders, and was subsequently encamped before -Brussels. - -In the mean time Charles-Edward, eldest son of the Pretender, had -arrived in Scotland, and, being joined by several of the highland -clans, he asserted his father's pretensions to the throne. There being -few troops in Scotland at this time, the rebellion soon made alarming -progress; when orders were given for the return of several regiments -from the continent, and the KING'S OWN were among the first troops -ordered home. - -Having embarked at Williamstadt, the regiment, after a boisterous -passage, arrived in the River Thames on the 25th of October, and -immediately landed and proceeded towards the north. On the 10th of -November it joined the army of Lieutenant-General Sir John Ligonier, -then assembling near Lichfield. On the advance of the rebels towards -Derby, the regiment formed part of the army commanded by his Royal -Highness the Duke of Cumberland; and when the highlanders retreated -towards Scotland, it was sent in pursuit. It left Lichfield on this -service on the 9th of November; on the 11th, it was at Macclesfield; -on the 13th at Wigan, and on the evening of the 19th--after ten hours' -march--it arrived on _Clifton Moor_, three miles from Penrith; at -the same time the rear-guard of the rebel army, consisting of two -battalions of highlanders and some hussars, occupied the village, and -lined the hedges on both sides of the road. - -The sun had set; the shades of evening were gathering over the little -village of Clifton, and distant objects were scarcely discernible, -when the KING'S OWN, and a few detachments from other corps, forming -the advance-guard of the royal army, having dismounted, proceeded -in compact order to attack the rebels. As the troops approached the -enclosures, the highlanders opened a sharp fire, which re-echoed -along the vale, and was soon answered by volleys of musketry from the -dragoons. After several rounds, the KING'S OWN were ordered to retire a -few paces; when the highlanders, mistaking this for a flight, raised a -loud shout and rushed forward with sword and pistol; but they were well -received by the dragoons with their broad-swords, and a fierce combat -ensued, hand to hand, both sides displaying great bravery. Some of the -highlanders broke their swords on the steel caps of the dragoons, when -they drew their daggers, and continued the fight with great obstinacy. -Eventually, however, the dragoons proved victorious, and the rebels -made a precipitate retreat to Penrith. The loss of the King's forces on -this occasion was twelve men killed and twenty-five wounded, amongst -whom were four officers of the KING'S OWN, viz., Lieutenant-Colonel -Honeywood[24], Captain East, and Cornets Owen and Hamilton. The rebels -had about twenty killed, and Captain Hamilton of the hussars with about -seventy men taken prisoners[25]. - -The KING'S OWN afterwards marched in pursuit of the rebels to Carlisle, -and were stationed near the town during the siege, which was terminated -by the surrender of the place on the 30th of December. - -[Sidenote: 1746] - -[Sidenote: 1747] - -[Sidenote: 1748] - -The regiment continued to advance into Scotland, and is mentioned in -the list of the Duke of Cumberland's army in the spring of 1746. On the -14th of February it was detached to Dundee, and after the suppression -of the rebellion, returned to England, where it was employed in -guarding the rebel prisoners at York. The establishment continued the -same in this year, as it did in the following, but after the peace of -Aix-la-Chapelle, in 1748, the numbers were reduced to 285, the regiment -being then quartered at Bury St. Edmunds. - -[Sidenote: 1751] - -A regulation was issued on the 1st July, 1751, relative to the clothing -and standards of the several regiments; from which the following -particulars have been extracted relative to the KING'S OWN dragoons. - -COATS--scarlet; double breasted; without lapels; lined with light -blue; slit sleeves turned up with light blue; the button-holes worked -with narrow yellow lace; the buttons of yellow metal, set on three -and three; a long slash pocket in each skirt, and a yellow worsted -aiguillette on the right shoulder. - -WAISTCOATS and BREECHES--light blue. - -HATS--bound with gold lace, and ornamented with a yellow metal loop, -and a black cockade. - -BOOTS--of jacked leather. - -CLOAKS--of scarlet cloth, with a light blue collar, and lined with -light blue shalloon; the buttons set on three and three upon yellow -frogs or loops, with a light blue stripe down the centre. - -HORSE FURNITURE--of light blue cloth; the holster-caps and housings -having a border of royal lace, with a red stripe down the centre; the -white horse within the garter, embroidered on each corner of the -housing; and on the holster-caps, the King's cipher and crown, with -III.D underneath. - -OFFICERS--distinguished by gold lace; their coats and waistcoats bound -with gold embroidery; the button-holes worked with gold; and a crimson -silk sash worn across the left shoulder. - -QUARTER-MASTERS--to wear a crimson sash round the waist. - -SERJEANTS--to have narrow gold lace on the cuffs, pockets and -shoulder-straps; gold shoulder-knots or aiguillettes, and yellow and -light blue worsted sashes tied round the waist. - -DRUMMERS and HAUTBOYS--clothed in scarlet coats lined with light blue, -and ornamented with royal lace with a blue stripe down the centre; -their waistcoats and breeches of blue cloth. - -GUIDONS--The first or King's guidon to be of crimson silk, embroidered -and fringed with gold and silver; in the centre the rose and thistle -conjoined, and crown over them, with the motto _Dieu et mon Droit_ -underneath: the white horse in a compartment in the first and fourth -corners, and III.D in gold characters on a light blue ground in a -compartment in the second and third corners. The second and third -guidons to be of light blue silk, in the centre the white horse within -the garter on a crimson ground, and motto _Nec aspera terrent_: the -white horse on a scarlet ground in the first and fourth compartments, -and III.D within a wreath of roses and thistles upon a scarlet ground -in the second and third compartments. - -[Sidenote: 1752] - -In 1752 Lieut.-General Bland was removed to the King's dragoon guards, -and His Majesty conferred the colonelcy of HIS OWN DRAGOONS on James -Lord Tyrawley from the fourteenth dragoons. - -[Sidenote: 1753] - -[Sidenote: 1754] - -In 1753 the KING'S OWN lay at Colchester, and in 1754 at Croydon. In -December of this year it was broken up into half troops, and employed -on coast duty: being scattered along the sea coast, from Shoreham to -the Isle of Wight. - -[Sidenote: 1755] - -In April, 1755, Lord Tyrawley was removed to the second foot guards, -and King George II. conferred the colonelcy of HIS OWN DRAGOONS on -GEORGE, EARL OF ALBEMARLE, from the twentieth foot. - -[Sidenote: 1756] - -In June, of the same year, the whole regiment assembled at Lewes, where -it remained till July, 1756. At this time the KING'S OWN, in common -with the other regiments of dragoons, received the addition, novel to -the British service, of a _light troop_. In July it marched to Reading, -and in December of the same year, to Northampton. - -[Sidenote: 1757] - -[Sidenote: 1758] - -The regiment marched to Henley, Amersham, and High Wycombe in June, -1757; and war having been declared against France in May, 1758, the -light troop, then commanded by Captain St. Leger, was ordered into camp -on South Sea Common, for the purpose of forming, with the light troops -of eight other regiments, part of the force intended for a descent on -the coast of France, the whole forming a brigade, under Colonel Eliott, -afterwards Lord Heathfield. The troops embarked May 19th, sailed June -the 1st, and arrived on the French coast so as to land in Cancalle Bay -on the 5th. On the 7th the army moved on St. Maloes, the light troops -forming the advance guard, and encamping about a mile from the town. - -As soon as night fell, the piquets and light dragoons were detached -against the harbour and the suburbs of St. Servan, being ordered, -if possible, to destroy the stores. This object they effected with -equal judgment and determination, setting fire to the storehouses and -vessels in the harbour, together with the magazines of tar, pitch, -rope, &c., so completely performing their work, as totally to ruin the -whole of the marine stores, and to destroy one man-of-war of 50 guns, -one of 36, and all the privateers, some of 30 guns each; the vessels -destroyed amounting to upwards of 100 sail, and the fire continuing -to rage all night. The light dragoons afterwards advanced to the town -of Dol, where, in several slight affairs, they showed great zeal and -activity. On the 11th, they re-embarked, and the fleet sailed on the -16th, remaining, however, some time longer on the coast of France, and -watching another opportunity to land. This being rendered impracticable -by the weather, the fleet returned, and arrived at Spithead on the -first of July. The light troops remained at Portsmouth for some time, -and many experiments were made with boats of different constructions, -in order to ascertain the practicability of landing men and horses in -rough weather. - -[Sidenote: 1759] - -In August the brigade of light dragoons proceeded on a second -expedition, and a landing having been effected in the Bay des Marées, -_Cherbourg_ was taken, and the fortifications, and vessels in the -harbour were destroyed. A descent was afterwards effected in the Bay -of St. Lunar, and an incursion made into the adjacent country; but on -re-embarking, the rear guard was attacked, and it sustained some loss. -In December, the light troops landed and went into quarters, the light -troop of the KING'S OWN being quartered at Maidenhead. So completely -had these troops answered the expectations entertained of them, that, -in the next year, the first English regiment of light dragoons (the -present fifteenth hussars) was raised under Brigadier-General Eliott; -and in June, 1759, each light troop received an augmentation of one -lieutenant, one serjeant, and twenty-nine privates. On the 7th of -November, the KING'S OWN marched to Hounslow and Brentford, relieving -the royals, who proceeded to Essex. - -[Sidenote: 1760] - -[Sidenote: 1761] - -[Sidenote: 1762] - -On the 21st of June, 1760[26], the regiment received orders to prepare -for embarkation for Germany, to join the army of Prince Ferdinand. -These orders were, however, countermanded, and in 1761 and 1762 the -regiment was successively quartered at Romford, Colchester, Uxbridge, -and Chelmsford. - -[Sidenote: 1763] - -Peace having been restored by the treaty of Fontainbleau; in April, -1763, the light troop was disbanded at Putney; but a few men of each -troop were afterwards equipped as light dragoons. - -[Sidenote: 1764] - -In June the KING'S OWN lay at York, and remained there till the spring -of 1764, when they marched to Scotland, and occupied Dalkeith, Leith, -Haddington, Musselburgh, and Linlithgow; and orders were received for -remounting with _long-tailed_ horses.[27] - -[Sidenote: 1765] - -[Sidenote: 1766] - -In 1765, the regiment lay at Coventry and Warwick, and in the next -year passed the summer at Reading, where it was reviewed on the 10th -of May, afterwards taking up winter quarters at Dorchester, Blandford, -and Sherbourne. At the same time the drummers on the establishment were -ordered to be replaced by trumpeters. - -[Sidenote: 1767] - -[Sidenote: 1768] - -The KING'S OWN were employed on coast duty in 1767 and 1768; in the -first year in Kent and Sussex, head quarters at Lewes; and the second -in Suffolk and Essex, head quarters at Ipswich. - -[Sidenote: 1769] - -[Sidenote: 1770] - -Five troops lay at York and one at Hull in 1769, and in the next year -the regiment marched to Scotland, head quarters, with three troops, -being stationed at Hamilton, and detachments at Linlithgow, Irvine, and -Kilmarnock. - -[Sidenote: 1771] - -[Sidenote: 1772] - -In the year 1771, the KING'S OWN lay at Preston, Blackburn, Wigan, -and Warrington; and in 1772 at Worcester, Pershore, and Bromsgrove. -In October of this year the colonelcy was conferred on the Honourable -Charles Fitzroy (afterwards Lord Southampton)[28], from the fourteenth -dragoons, in succession to the Earl of Albemarle, deceased. - -[Sidenote: 1773] - -[Sidenote: 1774] - -[Sidenote: 1775] - -[Sidenote: 1776] - -In June, 1773, we find the regiment employed in aid of the revenue -service on the coast of Kent, with its head-quarters at Canterbury. The -year 1774 was spent at Northampton, and in April, 1775, the regiment -was again marched to Scotland, being at East Retford in August, and in -the autumn taking up quarters at Haddington, Dalkeith, and Musselburgh. -In December of the same year, one troop was detached as far as -Wakefield, and in the spring of 1776, the whole regiment followed to -the south, and was quartered at Coventry, Lichfield, and Birmingham. - -[Sidenote: 1777] - -[Sidenote: 1778] - -In 1777, the KING'S OWN were reviewed at Newbury, and thence took up -winter quarters at Blandford, Dorchester and Sherbourne. Early in -1778 they were ordered to Salisbury, there to be reviewed, and thence -proceeded to Suffolk, and were encamped on Culford Heath, under the -command of Lieutenant-General Warde, finally going into winter quarters -in Sussex, and being employed there on coast duty during the remainder -of the year. The regiment had, for many years, been in possession -of a pair of KETTLE DRUMS, in consequence of having taken them from -the enemy, and on the 25th of December, 1778, an additional man and -horse was placed upon the establishment, which gave the regiment its -complement of Trumpeters besides the kettle drummer; being granted by -His Majesty in compliance with a memorial from the Colonel[29]. - -[Sidenote: 1779] - -In the spring of 1779, the men of the regiment equipped as light -dragoons, were incorporated, with detachments from other corps, into a -regiment, which was numbered the twenty-first light dragoons. - -[Sidenote: 1780] - -In consequence of the alarming riots in London in 1780, the regiment -was ordered thither, and was quartered about Islington, furnishing the -piquets in Portman Square during the trial of Lord George Gordon, and -having a party stationed in Apsley House, then the property of Lord -Chancellor Bathurst. - -[Sidenote: 1781] - -[Sidenote: 1782] - -[Sidenote: 1783] - -In 1781, having been reviewed by His Majesty in Hyde Park, the -KING'S OWN marched into Suffolk; and in 1782, were quartered at -Derby, Leicester, and Nottingham, thence proceeding to Manchester -in the autumn. In 1783, after the spring review they marched to -Newcastle-on-Tyne and Durham, assembled at the latter place for -inspection in September, and then returned to their old quarters for -the winter. - -[Sidenote: 1784] - -[Sidenote: 1785] - -[Sidenote: 1786] - -The KING'S OWN, for the third time in fourteen years, entered Scotland -in 1784, and took up their old quarters at Dalkeith, Leith, and -Haddington. Here they were inspected by Major-General Mackay, and soon -after detached a troop to Dumfries. In July, 1785, the six troops -were at Manchester, and thence, in 1786, proceeded to Worcester, then -a general place of inspection for cavalry. At this station they were -inspected by Major-General Philipson, and, after a stay of about six -weeks, went into winter quarters at Hereford, Ludlow, and Leominster. - -[Sidenote: 1787] - -[Sidenote: 1788] - -In May, 1787, the regiment assembled at Hereford to be reviewed by -Major-General Douglas. It was ordered, on the rumour of a Russian -armament, to hold itself in readiness to join any force that might be -assembled; but, nothing taking place, it went into winter quarters at -Dorchester, Blandford, and Poole. In 1788, it moved to Salisbury, was -there reviewed, and then quartered at Winchester. - -[Sidenote: 1789] - -[Sidenote: 1790] - -Early in 1789, the regiment marched to Reading. It was there reviewed -by His Majesty, George III., on Ashford Common, and marched to -Ipswich, where it remained until 1790, and, being then reviewed at -Stamford, took up winter quarters at York and Lincoln. - -[Sidenote: 1791] - -[Sidenote: 1792] - -At York all the troops assembled for inspection in the spring of -1791, and, for the fourth time marched to Scotland and were for two -years quartered at Dumfries, being in that period twice inspected by -Major-General Leslie. - -[Sidenote: 1793] - -[Sidenote: 1794] - -In the spring of 1793, the KING'S OWN received an order to augment -three troops, and, after a short halt at Manchester, proceeded -to Birmingham. From this place, four troops, under the command -of Lieutenant-Colonel Waller, were detached back to Scotland, in -consequence of serious riots in that part of the kingdom. In 1794 the -regiment was ordered to furnish one hundred men, towards forming a -regiment of cavalry for service in the West Indies; the newly-formed -regiment was numbered the twenty-sixth light dragoons, and afterwards, -on a reduction of regiments taking place, the twenty-third. In the same -year a squadron from the troops in England, and one troop from those in -Scotland, were ordered to embark to join the troops on the continent. -The troop in Scotland marched a day or two, and was then recalled in -consequence of the disturbed state of the country; and the squadron -embarked at Blackwall, and was actually at sea, when it was recalled by -a king's cutter, landed, and sent to Watford. - -[Sidenote: 1795] - -[Sidenote: 1796] - -In 1795, the troops returned from Scotland, having had most harassing -duty for two winters; and in the spring of 1796, the whole regiment -assembled at Salisbury under Lord Cathcart, thence proceeding to the -camp at Weymouth, and finally taking up winter quarters in Exeter. - -[Sidenote: 1797] - -The colonelcy of the KING'S OWN DRAGOONS was conferred in March 1797 on -Major-General Francis Lascelles from the eighth dragoons, in succession -to Lord Southampton, deceased. - -During the summer, the KING'S OWN were again encamped at Weymouth; and -on the breaking up of the camp, marched to Northampton, where the ninth -troop was reduced. - -[Sidenote: 1798] - -In May, 1798, the regiment marched to Nottingham, where an entire -change took place in the arms and clothing; the long skirt was -abolished, and instead of the musket and brace of large pistols before -used, the men received the carbine and single pistol. - -[Sidenote: 1799] - -On the 10th of June, 1799, the regiment marched to form part of -the cavalry camp on Swinley Downs, near Windsor, at which place it -received orders to join the armament under Lieut.-General Sir Ralph -Abercromby, then about to proceed to the Helder. These orders, however, -were countermanded; and, at the breaking up of the camp, the regiment -marched to Reading. During the time of encampment, Lt.-Colonel -Callow[30] being appointed deputy governor of Quebec, was succeeded by -Lt.-Colonel Waller, and on the 4th of September, General Sir Charles -Grey from the eighth dragoons succeeded General Lascelles as colonel. -At this period the tails of the horses were again shortened, having -been worn of the natural length since 1764. - -[Sidenote: 1800] - -[Sidenote: 1801] - -In February, 1800, the KING'S OWN marched to Trowbridge, but only -remained there a few weeks, and then proceeded to Chester to be -reviewed. At this place an augmentation of two troops took place, -making a total of ten; and on the 22nd of September, the whole -regiment marched to Lancashire, thence to Carlisle, and, in December, -to Scotland, the head-quarters being established at Hamilton; three -troops, under the command of Major Wade, being detached to Carlisle -and Penrith. At Hamilton, the regiment was reviewed by Major-Generals -Erskine and Vyse, and the present system of casting horses annually -first introduced; and as it was considered the peculiar privilege of -the regiment to have _black horses_ exclusively, those that had the -slightest shade of brown, were sent to the fourth dragoon guards, none -but black horses being retained, with the exception of one white for -the kettle-drums. - -[Sidenote: 1802] - -[Sidenote: 1803] - -[Sidenote: 1804] - -After the peace of Amiens in 1802, two troops were reduced; the number -of men in the others being also reduced from 100 to 64; and, on the -11th of August, the KING'S OWN embarked at Port-Patrick for Ireland, -proceeded to Dundalk, and in the spring of 1803 marched to Belturbet. -Here they were reviewed by Major-General Sir James Afleck, and were -actively employed in patrolling the country during the excitement -caused by the disturbances in Dublin, to which place they proceeded in -March, 1804, and were quartered in the royal barracks.[31] - -[Sidenote: 1805] - -[Sidenote: 1806] - -On the 5th of April, 1805, the first division, immediately followed by -the others, embarked for Liverpool, and marched to Nottingham, where -the regiment remained for two years; the second year's halt being -at the express request of the magistrates of Nottingham and Louth. -The war having been resumed, two additional troops were added to the -establishment. - -[Sidenote: 1807] - -The regiment marched to Chichester in May 1807, and being there -reviewed by Major-General Hugonin, proceeded to Brighton, and was -encamped on the hills above the present barracks, for the purpose of -being reviewed, in conjunction with the first dragoon guards, by His -Royal Highness the Duke of York. On the breaking up of the camp, the -THIRD marched to Chichester, but were shortly ordered to Canterbury, -where a brigade was formed, consisting of the second dragoon guards, -and third and fourth dragoons. - -[Sidenote: 1809] - -In January, 1809, the regiment received orders to embark at Portsmouth, -for the purpose of joining the army in Spain, under Lieut.-General Sir -John Moore, and had advanced some days' march, when it was recalled, on -the arrival of the news of the retreat of the British troops to Corunna. - -On the 20th of July, the regiment received orders to march to -Ramsgate, and was immediately embarked for Holland under the command -of Lieut.-Colonel Mundy, forming part of an expedition designed to -effect the destruction of the French shipping and arsenal on the -Scheldt. After remaining in the Downs for six days, the fleet sailed, -and arrived off Walcheren on the 29th, remaining there upwards of a -fortnight; and after the capture of Flushing, proceeded up the Scheldt -as far as Fort-Batz. The enemy's shipping had, in the meantime, been -removed higher up the river, and an immense force assembled to oppose -the British armament; at the same time an epidemic disease broke out -among the English soldiers. The fleet consequently retired down the -river, and sailed for England; the KING'S OWN disembarked at Ramsgate -in September following, and proceeded to occupy Canterbury, as before -the expedition. - -[Sidenote: 1810] - -In April, 1810, in consequence of the riots in London, occasioned by -the House of Commons having ordered Sir Francis Burdett to be lodged -in custody in the Tower, the regiment was hastily ordered thither, -marching all night, and arriving in Southwark at 7 A. M. The men were -billeted on the south side of the Thames; an hotel near Westminster -Bridge being the head quarters, and the Obelisk the alarm post. After -the suppression of the riots, the regiment was ordered to Guildford, -where it was reviewed by his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, who -was pleased to express his entire approbation of its appearance and -discipline. On the release of Sir Francis Burdett from the Tower, the -regiment was again sent to London, but remained there a few nights -only, and then returned to Guildford. - -[Sidenote: 1811] - -Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of France, having conquered Portugal, -had placed his brother Joseph on the throne of Spain, supported by a -French army. The efforts of the Spaniards and Portuguese to regain -their liberty, which commenced in 1808, were continued to be aided by -the British government, and a force, amounting at this time to nearly -sixty thousand men, had been assembled in Portugal under the command of -Lieutenant-General the Viscount Wellington. - -In June, 1811, the KING'S OWN DRAGOONS, having been reviewed on -Wimbledon Common by His Royal Highness the Prince Regent, were, on -their return to Guildford, completed to the field establishment by a -draft of a hundred horses[32] from the second dragoon guards, and -ordered forthwith to proceed to the Peninsula. On the 25th and 27th -of July the regiment embarked at Portsmouth, landed in the following -month at Lisbon, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Mundy, and having -met with favourable weather during the voyage, the Lieutenant-Colonel -commanding was enabled to cause particular attention to be paid to the -horses in regard to cleanliness, exercise, &c. The mode adopted for -this purpose was as follows: three or four horses were backed into the -hold, where they were walked round for a quarter of an hour; their feet -washed, and hand-rubbed; and they were shod, if necessary; by these -means their state of health and efficiency, on their disembarkation at -Lisbon, were such, that upon landing they were capable of undertaking -immediate service. - -The regiment was reviewed at Belem by Major-General Le Marchant, and -mustered as follows:--1 Lieutenant-Colonel, 1 Major, 6 Captains, -9 Lieutenants, 1 Cornet, 1 Surgeon, 1 Assistant Surgeon, 5 Troop -Quarter-Masters, 1 Regimental Serjeant-Major, 1 Paymaster Serjeant, -1 Troop Serjeant-Major, 24 Serjeants, 24 Corporals, 6 Trumpeters, 6 -Farriers, 480 Privates, and 518 Troop Horses. - -The KING'S OWN left Belem on the 19th of September, under the command -of Major Clowes, (the Lieutenant Colonel having been compelled by -sickness to remain at Lisbon,) and marching through Villa Franca and -Santarem, arrived at Abrantes in Portuguese Estremadura on the 27th. -Here they remained until the 15th October, and then advanced through -Niza and Villa Velha to Castello Branco in the province of Beira, where -they were reviewed on the 7th of December, by Lieutenant-General Sir -Stapleton Cotton, who expressed his satisfaction at the very effective -state of the men and horses. - -[Sidenote: 1812] - -In consequence of the extreme difficulty of procuring forage, the -centre squadron moved, on the 21st of December, to Idanha a Nova on the -frontiers of Spain, and in these quarters the regiment remained till -the beginning of 1812, when it was ordered to the front to form part -of the army covering the siege of _Ciudad Rodrigo_, being quartered at -Aldea de Ponte and Fundao, and experiencing great inconvenience from -the scarcity of forage. - -In February, Lord Wellington having resolved on the siege of Badajoz, -the capital of Spanish Estremadura, the KING'S OWN marched south with -their brigade (the fifth dragoon guards, and fourth dragoons,) and -arrived at Borba in the Alemtejo on the 5th of March. On the 16th, a -pontoon bridge was thrown over the Guadiana, and Badajoz was invested; -the day previous to which the brigade moved from Borba, and crossing -the bridge, formed the advance guard of the covering army, which -continued to advance till it arrived at the foot of an extensive chain -of mountains called the Sierra Morena. On the 26th, the KING'S OWN -marched at sunset from Medina to Campo, and at midnight joined a force -under Lieut.-General Sir Thomas Graham, destined to surprise three -battalions of French infantry and two regiments of cavalry lying in -Llerena. Owing to a mistake on the part of the Chasseurs Britanniques -(who formed the advance of the infantry column), the projected surprise -failed, and the French retired into the mountains during the night, -and took post at Azuaga, a town nine miles to the south of Llerena. -On the 29th of March, after a sharp affair, the French were driven -from Azuaga, and the head quarters of the BRIGADE were established -there. The authorities of this town gave a superb entertainment to Sir -Stapleton Cotton. - -On the night of the 31st of March, a man deserted, who, it is supposed, -gave information of the situation and strength of the British outpost; -and on the 1st of April, a strong French force was detached to cut -off the piquets at La Granja. A patrol, commanded by Cornet Ratcliffe -of the THIRD, having met with the enemy's advance guard, was driven -in, and the two British squadrons were attacked by seven squadrons of -French cavalry, supported by infantry. After a severe struggle, the -enemy, perceiving their surprise had failed, retired, and the piquets -resumed their station.[33] In this affair the KING'S OWN lost thirteen -men and twelve horses. - -On the 2nd of April, Marshal Soult's army having advanced from -Seville, with a view to raise the siege of Badajoz, the covering army -began to retire before the superior numbers of the French. This retreat -was continued through Usagre, Villa Franca, and Almandralejo, upon -Albuhera, where, being supported by the besieging force, the army went -into position on the 9th, and preparations were made for a general -action. Soult, however, having heard of the fall of Badajoz, commenced -a retrograde movement towards the frontiers of Andalusia on the 10th; -on which day Major General Le Marchant's brigade, (the fifth dragoon -guards, THIRD and fourth dragoons) forming the advance of the British, -proceeded to Los Santos, and again in the night to Bienvenida, with the -view of gaining the flank of the cavalry of a French corps (General -Drouet's) encamped between Usagre and Villa Garcia; but the enemy -retreated. The BRIGADE, however, defiled under cover of some heights, -and by a flank movement came up with the French on the 11th in front of -_Llerena_, charging and driving them into that town with the loss of -one hundred and fifty prisoners, including several officers. - -Intelligence was received of the advance of Marshal Marmont, on the -north of Portugal. This general, leaving Ciudad Rodrigo and Almeida, -on his rear, had pushed on as far as Castello Branco, thus threatening -to destroy the communications of the British, by cutting the bridge -of boats at Villa Velha. It therefore became necessary to reinforce -the few troops left on that frontier, and Major General Le Marchant's -brigade was one of those ordered for this service. It marched through -Elvas, Estremos, Crato, Niza, and Villa Velha to Castello Branco, and -finally took up its quarters at Val-de-rosa; but Marmont having retired -into Spain on the approach of the British, the brigade returned to the -Alemtejo, and was, on the 12th of April, stationed at Cabeca de Vide, -Crato, and Fronteira, the KING'S OWN being at the former place. On the -29th they received a sudden order to join a brigade of light cavalry, -for the purpose of covering Lieut.-General Hill in his attack upon the -tête-de-pont and bridge of boats at Almaraz, which brilliant exploit -having been effected, the regiment returned to Cabeca de Vide on the -27th of May. - -On the 1st of June the whole army, with the exception of Lieut.-General -Hill's corps, moved to the north. On the 11th, Major-General Le -Marchant's brigade arrived at _Ciudad Rodrigo_, and on the 12th was -reviewed by Lord Wellington. On the 13th, the brigade moved forward and -continued to advance till the 16th, when it found the enemy posted near -_Salamanca_, and a skirmish took place which lasted till night-fall. On -the 17th, the brigade crossed the Tormes, and was quartered near the -village of Cabrerizos, and on the advance of the French, on the 20th, -the whole army went into position on the heights of St. Christoval, -with its right on the Tormes, and its left near Villares de la Reyna. -On this day the brigade, being in front, sustained a cannonade of -about an hour, and the KING'S OWN lost twenty horses: the regiment -afterwards took post on the summit of the mountain. - -On the night of the 23rd the French army retired, and was followed at -daybreak by the first and seventh divisions, and Le Marchant's brigade -of cavalry, which crossed the river by the fords of Santa Marta; when -Marshal Marmont, after a short delay, returned to his former position, -and manœuvred for some days on the Tormes, but after the reduction -of the forts at Salamanca, which took place on the 27th, he crossed -the Douro at Tordesillas, closely followed by Lord Wellington, who, -however, did not cross the river, but took up a position between Pollos -and La Seca; Major-General Le Marchant's brigade being stationed at -Pollos and Naval del Rey to watch the ford. - -Marshal Marmont being strengthened by a division from the Asturias, -pushed a column across the river on the 16th of July, in consequence -of which the troops in Pollos fell back upon Fuente la Pena. On the -18th, it was understood that the enemy's army had passed the Douro -at Tordesillas, by which manœuvre the safety of two divisions, and -a brigade of cavalry, on the Trebancos, was much endangered, and -Major-General Le Marchant's, with two other brigades of cavalry, were -quickly moved up to cover their retreat, which was effected with -trifling loss. The brigade had entered its bivouac near Canizal, when -an order was received for a squadron of the KING'S OWN to proceed -to the support of two guns, intended to be placed on the hill above -Castrillos. This order was soon increased to the whole regiment, which, -on its march, discovered that the enemy was advancing in force, and -pressing Major-General Alten's brigade very closely. Major Clowes -immediately solicited, and received permission to go to their support, -and the regiment accordingly advanced, and though checked by the -fire of some French infantry, assisted in driving back the enemy's -cavalry; the French infantry continuing to advance were repulsed by -Lieut.-General Cole's division, and pursued with great loss. In this -affair the regiment sustained the following loss; one serjeant-major, -six privates, and four horses killed; lieutenant Branfell, and two -privates wounded.[34] - -On the 19th, the BRIGADE retired to the table land above the villages -of Vallesa and El Olmo, and on the 20th, the hostile armies manœuvred -within cannon shot of each other, the French moving to their left, and -the British to their right. On the 21st the British went into their old -position on the heights of St. Christoval, and the French crossed the -Tormes at the fords of Alba and Huerta, marching to their left. To -oppose this manœuvre, the British crossed the river at _Salamanca_. In -the course of this day's manœuvres, Major-General Le Marchant's brigade -crossed the river at the ford of Santa Marta three times, and took -up its bivouac on the south bank opposite the town. In the course of -this night so dreadful a thunder-storm burst upon the British lines, -that the horses broke loose; many were lost by running into the French -lines, and the remainder could not be secured till daybreak. The KING'S -OWN had to send to the rear an officer and sixteen men, severely -injured by the horses, which were all linked together, running over -them. - -The morning of the 22nd of July, found the hostile armies opposed to -each other. The British line was formed with its left on the Tormes, -and its right on the rocky hills called the Arapiles; Major-General Le -Marchant's brigade, quitting its bivouac ground, formed line in the -centre of the position, to check the advance of the enemy's cavalry. -The French marshal manœuvred to gain the road to Ciudad Rodrigo; his -dragoons, after some skirmishing, were compelled to retire, and the -KING'S OWN again took ground to their right, passing the village of -Arapiles, and forming in support of the fourth and fifth divisions. -Lord Wellington, taking advantage of an injudicious movement made by -his opponent, ordered his divisions forward, and the battle commenced. -The French, attacked while making a complicated evolution, were -instantly broken. A favourable opportunity for a charge of the British -heavy cavalry occurring, the fifth dragoon guards, KING'S OWN, and -fourth dragoons, advanced, and a most animated scene presented itself. -The din of conflict was heard on every side; clouds of dust and rising -columns of smoke darkened the air, and enveloped the British squadrons -as they rushed to battle. In front, the glittering bayonets and waving -plumes of the French infantry were dimly seen through the thickened -atmosphere; against these formidable ranks, the English horsemen dashed -with terrific violence, the weight and fury of their charge broke the -opposing lines, and in an instant the French musketeers were overthrown -and trampled down with a terrible clamour and disturbance. 'Bewildered -and blinded, they cast away their arms and ran through the openings -of the British squadrons, stooping and demanding quarter, while the -dragoons, big men, and on big horses, rode onward, smiting with their -long glittering swords in uncontrollable power, and the third division -followed at speed, shouting as the French masses fell in succession -before this dreadful charge.' - -'Nor were these valiant swordsmen yet exhausted. Their own general, Le -Marchant, and many officers had fallen, but Cotton and all his staff -were at their head, and with ranks confused, and blended together in -one mass, still galloping forward they sustained from a fresh column -an irregular stream of fire which emptied a hundred saddles; yet -with fine courage, and downright force, the survivors broke through -this the third and strongest body of men that had encountered them, -and Lord Edward Somerset, continuing his course at the head of one -squadron, with a happy perseverance, captured five guns. The French -left was entirely broken, more than two thousand prisoners were -taken, the French light horsemen abandoned that part of the field, -and Thomiere's division no longer existed as a military body. Anson's -cavalry, which had passed quite over the hill, and had suffered little -in the charge, was now joined by D'Urban's troopers, and took the place -of Le Marchant's exhausted men; the heavy German dragoons followed in -reserve, and with the third and fifth divisions and the guns formed one -formidable line two miles in advance of where Pakenham first attacked, -and that impetuous officer, with unmitigated strength, still pressed -forward, spreading terror and disorder on the enemy's left[35].' - -In this attack Major-General Le Marchant received a ball through -the body, which terminated the career of that brave and talented -officer. Lieutenant Selby, of the KING'S OWN, was likewise killed by a -musket-shot through the left breast.[36] The result of this day was the -entire overthrow of the French, 7,000 prisoners, eleven guns and two -eagles remaining in the hands of the victors. The KING'S OWN earned, on -this occasion, the royal permission to bear the word 'SALAMANCA,' on -their guidons. They sustained the following loss: Killed,--Lieutenant -Selby, one serjeant, nine privates, and two officers' horses, and 13 -troop horses. Wounded,--one serjeant, eight privates, and fifteen -horses. - -After the action the French retreated upon Alba, where they crossed -the Tormes, and thence through Arevalo, upon Valladolid, sustaining in -their march a severe loss from the German cavalry, which, having been -uninjured in the battle, was despatched in pursuit of, and overtook -their rear-guard three leagues beyond Alba, defeating it, and taking -nine hundred prisoners. - -The British army advanced on the route of the French, and entered -Valladolid on the 30th of July; on the following day Cuellar was -occupied, and on the 6th of August, the army moved on Segovia, crossed -the Guadarama mountains on the 10th, and entered Madrid on the 12th; -the brigade, now commanded by Colonel Ponsonby, forming the personal -escort of Lord Wellington. - -After halting seven days at Madrid, the brigade moved to St. Ildefonso, -where it was cantoned for a few days. Intelligence was received that -the army of General Clausel, who had succeeded Marmont, was advancing -on Valladolid, and the British in consequence assembled at Olivares and -its vicinity. An immediate attack was intended; but the artillery of -the fifth division not arriving in time, the enemy retired on the 7th -of September, having destroyed the bridge at Valladolid. They continued -retreating rapidly till the 17th, when the immediate vicinity of Burgos -induced Clausel to make a stand, and Colonel Ponsonby's brigade was -ordered to the front; but, before the army could be formed for attack, -the enemy again retired to Breviesca, leaving a strong garrison in the -castle of Burgos. - -The castle was invested, and the covering army took up a position on -the heights of Quintana Palla, the KING'S OWN being at Villa Yerna. - -On the 19th of October, the French General Souham, who now commanded -in the place of Clausel, being greatly reinforced, resolved to attempt -the relief of Burgos. About four P. M. the French attacked and carried -the village of Quintanapalla, but were repulsed in every attempt to -penetrate farther, and abandoned the village on the approach of a force -destined to retake it, consisting of the left wing of infantry, and -Ponsonby's brigade of cavalry. - -It being ascertained that Marshal Soult and Joseph Bonaparte were -moving on the Tagus, and that Sir Rowland Hill, menaced by such -powerful forces, could not maintain his position on that river, at the -same time his retreat would leave the army before Burgos, already in a -critical situation, quite insulated, the Marquis of Wellington resolved -to retire so far as was necessary to form a junction with Sir Rowland -Hill; and at dusk on the 21st, the army withdrew with such celerity and -silence that the French were not aware of the retreat till the British -had reached Hormillas, and did not show in any force till the evening -of the 22nd of October. On the next morning the retrograde movement was -continued in two columns, Ponsonby's brigade covering the column from -Hormillas, and being threatened during the day by an immense body of -cavalry. Such was the steadiness of the troops, that the overwhelming, -force of the French could make no impression and the column went into -bivouac for the night on the hills above Cordovilla, with little or no -loss. - -An hour before daylight on the 24th, the column, covered by Ponsonby's -brigade, filed over the bridge of Cordovilla, and in the course of the -day, the army crossed the Carrion, the head-quarters being established -at Duenas. Early on the morning of the 25th, two squadrons of the -fifth dragoon guards and THIRD dragoons were sent to the bridges of -Palencia, to cover the party employed in mining them for destruction, -but the French, advancing in force, gained possession of the bridges in -an unbroken state. At this place the KING'S OWN lost a man and horse -by a round shot, and the party returned in the evening to Duenas; the -army having in the meantime destroyed the bridges at that place, and at -Villa Muriel, and the enemy having been defeated in an attempt to cross -by the fords. - -[Sidenote: 1813] - -The army retired four leagues on the 26th of October, and crossed the -Pisuerga at Cabezon, in which town, and its vicinity, it remained till -the 29th, when it retired early, and crossed the Douro at Tudela and -Puente del Douro, the bridges at which places were blown up, as were -those at Toro and Zamora; but the French having possessed themselves of -the bridge at Tordesillas, the British on the following morning took -up a position in front of it. In this position they remained till the -6th of November, when, the enemy having repaired the bridge of Toro, -it became necessary to retire to Torrecilla de la Orden, and thence, -on the 7th and 8th, to Salamanca. On the 14th, the French crossed the -Tormes, and the British recommenced their retreat on the following -morning, and entered Ciudad Rodrigo on the 18th; they afterwards went -into winter quarters on the frontiers of Portugal, the enemy not -advancing beyond the Yeltes. On the 20th, Ponsonby's brigade was at -Albergaria, where it halted eight days, after which the KING'S OWN -proceeded by the route of Guarda, Celerico, and Penhancos, to Saixho. -Here the regiment was quartered until the 28th of December, then at -Arganil till February 11th, 1813, and afterwards at Soure, near the -mouth of the Mondego, until the 19th of April. - -On the above day the KING'S OWN moved towards the north of Portugal, -and rejoined the brigade at Braganza, on the 21st of May. On the 24th -the brigade was at Tabara, and on the 26th it crossed the Esla at -Pozuela. The enemy made no resistance at the passage of the river, and -was compelled to abandon the line of the Douro, by Lord Wellington's -advance along their rear. The column to which Ponsonby's brigade was -attached, was directed on Valencia, and passing through that town, -advanced on Burgos. On the 12th of June, the brigade overtook the -enemy's rear-guard on the heights of Estepar, when the KING'S OWN -were detached to cut off part of the enemy's force, in which the -regiment completely succeeded, making its way to the high road from -Madrid, throwing the enemy into confusion on Burgos; a squadron of the -fourteenth, with a detachment of the KING'S OWN, charging the enemy's -rear, captured a gun: the regiment had captain Sitwell and one private -wounded, and five horses killed and three wounded. - -During the night of the 12th, the French blew up the castle of Burgos -and retired behind the Ebro, which river the brigade, after marching -through a wild and difficult region of deep narrow valleys and rugged -defiles, crossed at Puente de Arenas on the 15th. Both armies were -concentrated, the British on the river Bayas, and the French on the -undulating grounds in the valley of _Vittoria_, where, on the 21st of -June, they were attacked by the allied army. The result of this attack -was a most decisive victory, the French only carrying from the field -two guns; the whole of their immense equipment fell into the hands of -the British. Owing to the nature of the field of battle the cavalry -could scarcely act,[37] and that _arme_ was principally employed in -supporting the infantry, and in the pursuit, which was continued until -the enemy had passed Pampeluna. The gallant bearing of the KING'S -OWN was rewarded in 1821, with the royal permission to bear the word -"VITTORIA" on their guidons. - -At this period, General Clausel with fifteen thousand men was at -Logroño, and of course, was not engaged in the battle; nor was he aware -that an engagement had taken place, till he arrived near Vittoria, -and found the town in the possession of the British: he then returned -to Logroño, and marched upon Tudela, hoping to reach Pampeluna before -the British. On the 27th his scheme was discovered, and the Marquis -of Wellington detached the cavalry with two divisions of infantry to -intercept him. This detached force arrived on the same night at Tafalla -and Olieta, and on the next morning advanced upon Tudela, when it was -discovered that Clausel, upon receiving intelligence of the force -sent against him, had retreated to Saragossa, whence he returned to -France by the pass of Jaca, his artillery falling into the hands of the -Spanish troops. - -On the 30th of June the infantry returned to Pampeluna, and -Major-General Ponsonby's brigade remained at Tafalla for eleven days, -when forage becoming scarce, it moved to Laraga, and halted there a -fortnight. - -The cavalry received an order to move to the north on the 27th of July, -in consequence of the troops having been forced from the passes of -Roncesvalles and Maya in the Pyrenees. The army took up a position at -Huarte and Villarba, and the town of Pampeluna was illuminated at the -prospect of relief. On the 28th, Soult attacked the British position, -but was repulsed with loss; Count D'Erlon's division was compelled to -fall back upon Maya, and the British recovered their lost ground. On -the 8th of August, the KING'S OWN fell back upon Allo and Dicastello, -and on the 27th of December, removed for the convenience of forage -to the neighbourhood of Vittoria, occupying the villages of Alegria, -Aranjuez, and Troconiz, and remained there until the 24th of February -following. - -[Sidenote: 1814] - -An advance took place, Ponsonby's brigade marched through the Pyrenean -mountains by Salinas Bergara, Villa Franca and Tolosa, to St. Jean de -Luz in France, halted there two days, and then advanced through Bidart -to the Adour, crossing the river on a bridge of boats, and continued -to follow the route of the French, who were retreating on Bayonne. The -advance was continued through Peyrehorade to Castlenau, and on the -19th of March, 1814, Marshal Soult was discovered in position, with -his left at _Tarbes_, and his right at Rabastens. This right flank was -ordered to be turned by a division of infantry, and Ponsonby's brigade -of cavalry, and being thus threatened, Soult retired through a strong -country by St. Gaudens, upon Toulouse. The British, being obliged to -wait for stores, did not advance rapidly, and on the 25th, the KING'S -OWN lay at Fontenelle. On the next day the regiment advanced to _La -Mosquiere_, and there came up with a regiment of French _Chasseurs -à cheval_, which it charged and drove beyond Cuneva, taking several -prisoners and horses, and seizing a large quantity of bread prepared by -the French for their own use. Lieut. Burns' horse was killed, Lieut. -Jebb's wounded, and two troop horses killed, but the regiment sustained -no further loss. - -The army arrived before _Toulouse_ on the 27th of March, and on the -31st, a pontoon bridge being laid at St. Roques, the brigade crossed -the Garonne, and seized the bridge on the Arriege, at Cintagabelle. The -roads were found so bad in this direction that no further attempt was -made, and the troops being recalled, the pontoon bridge was removed to -Grenade, a town below Bayonne, and there laid down on the 4th of April. -On this day Ponsonby's, with two other brigades of cavalry, and three -divisions of infantry, crossed the river, the brigade being quartered -at Grissolles, and having a strong piquet on the road to Montauban. In -the course of the night the river rose so considerably, that the bridge -was obliged to be removed, and the communication was cut off; Soult, -however, made no attack, but employed himself in strengthening his -position, which covered Toulouse. - -On the 8th of April the current subsided, and the pontoons were again -laid down. On the 9th the troops were passing the river, and on Easter -Sunday (the 10th), Soult was attacked in his position. In this attack -the brigade, then commanded by Colonel Lord Charles Manners, was at -different periods employed in supporting the Spanish forces, the -hussar brigade, and General Clinton's division. It was not a cavalry -action, and the only casualties were--Captain Burn, one trumpeter, -four privates, wounded: two horses killed. The enemy abandoned his -entrenchments before dusk, and took post behind the canal. The KING'S -OWN were rewarded for their conduct on this occasion with the royal -permission, dated 20th September, 1821, to bear the word "TOULOUSE" on -their guidons. - -Marshal Soult retired down the canal on the 12th towards Carcasonne, -and on the 13th, hostilities were terminated by the arrival of the news -of the abdication of Napoleon, and of the accession of Louis XVIII. -to the throne of France; Marshals Soult and Suchet, after a short -delay, gave their assent to the new order of affairs, and a line of -demarcation between the armies was agreed upon. The KING'S OWN went -into quarters at Lanta and Caraman, and remained there until the end of -May. - -On the 10th of June, the brigade, having embarked its dismounted men at -Bourdeaux, commenced its march to the north by the following route:-- - - June 1, Toulouse, - " 2, Grissoles, - " 3, Montauban, - " 4, Caussade, - " 5, Cahors, - " 7, Frechisse, - " 8, Souillac, - " 9, Brives, - " 11, Uzorches, - " 12, Pierre Buffiere, - " 13, Limoges, - " 15, Bessines, - " 16, St. Burnot, - " 17, Argenton, - " 18, Chateauroux, - " 20, Vatan, - " 21, Vierzon, - " 22, Salbris, - " 23, Lafecte, - " 24, Orleans, - " 26, Artenay, - " 27, Angerville, - " 28, Etampes, - " 30, St. Aumal, - July 1, Montfort, - " 2, Mantes, - " 4, Gisors, - " 5, Gournay, - " 6, Neufchatel, - " 7, Blangy, - " 8, Abbeville, - " 10, Rue, - " 11, Montreuil, - " 12, Boulogne. - -At Boulogne Major-General Sir Henry Fane inspected the three regiments, -and expressed his satisfaction at the efficiency of the brigade -after so long a march. He congratulated the commanding officers on -the excellent condition of their horses, and selected a number, -of which the KING'S OWN furnished fifteen, to be given up to the -French government for the purpose of mounting the royal guard. On -the 19th of July, the brigade, having received the highest praise -from Major-General the Hon. W. Ponsonby,[38] embarked at Boulogne and -arrived at Dover on the following day, the KING'S OWN having been -absent three years, from the time of their embarkation on the 25th of -the same month, 1811. - -From Dover the KING'S OWN marched through Maidstone to Brentford, -and, on the 28th of July, were reviewed on Hounslow Heath by His -Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief, immediately afterwards -commencing their march to Northampton and joining the depôt (which -had marched thither from Canterbury) on the 3rd of August. On the 13th -two troops were reduced, and on the 16th, the regiment marched for -Newcastle-on-Tyne, arriving there on the 1st of September; two troops -were detached to Carlisle, and one to Durham. - -On the 26th of September, the head-quarters marched into York -barracks,[39] troops being left at Newcastle, Morpeth, Carlisle, -and Workington. In these quarters the Regiment was reviewed by -Lieutenant-General Wynyard in the summer of 1815, and afterwards -marched for St. Albans. - -[Sidenote: 1815] - -In the meantime Napoleon Bonaparte had returned to France; a British -army had assembled in Belgium under the command of the Duke of -Wellington; the battle of Waterloo had been won, and the KING'S OWN -were ordered to form ten troops, four of which marched to Coventry, and -the remaining six, consisting of thirty-two officers, thirty-four -serjeants, six trumpeters, three hundred and seventy-one rank and -file, and three hundred and eighty-two horses, proceeded to Dover and -Ramsgate, where they immediately embarked for Ostend to reinforce the -British army in France. - -The KING'S OWN disembarked at Ostend on the 24th of July, and moving -up the country into France, were, on their arrival in the vicinity of -Paris, placed in cantonments at Chaton, near Malmaison. On the 2nd of -September, the Emperor of Russia reviewed the first and eighth brigades -of cavalry, consisting of the first and second life guards, royal horse -guards, first, second, and third dragoon guards, and THIRD dragoons. On -the 22nd of the same month, the allied army was reviewed by the Duke of -Wellington on the plain of St. Denis, and on the 11th of October, the -whole of the British, Hanoverian, Danish, and Saxon contingents, were -reviewed between Paris and St. Denis, by the Duke of Wellington, the -Emperor of Russia, and the King of Prussia; after the review the KING'S -OWN marched to Nantes, where they remained several months. - -[Sidenote: 1816] - -On the 25th of January, 1816, the KING'S OWN forming part of the Army -of Occupation left in France after the restoration of Louis XVIII. left -Nantes, and after successively making short halts at Bonnieres, Ligny, -and Bailleul, took up quarters at Steenvoorde, on the 1st of June. -Here the regiment remained till the 1st of August, and then marched to -Theronenne, where it was twice reviewed; on the 12th of October by the -Duke of Wellington, and on the 22nd by His Royal Highness the Duke of -Kent, and the Duke of Wellington. At this last review the whole of the -British army was assembled on the plains of Denain. After the review -the regiment marched to Audricq, and remained there all the following -year; occasionally, however, moving to different towns, as Bouberg, -Louches, and the vicinity of St. Omer, for the purpose of reviews and -inspections, or to make room for troops marching to the coast for -embarkation. - -[Sidenote: 1818] - -In the year 1818 the reviews went on in the same way and on the same -ground, until October 18th, on which day the KING'S OWN, being ordered -to return to England, embarked at Calais for Dover, landed there on the -following day, and marched to Canterbury. On the 24th, a considerable -reduction took place in the regiment, two troops being disbanded, and -the remaining eight ordered to consist of one serjeant-major, two -serjeants, three corporals, one trumpeter, one farrier, forty-two -privates, and thirty-four horses each. - -In October, 1818, His Royal Highness the Prince Regent, in the name and -on the behalf of His Majesty, was pleased to direct, that the THIRD and -FOURTH Regiments of _Dragoons_ should be mounted, clothed, and equipped -as _Light Dragoon_ Regiments; the alteration of title, &c., to take -effect from the 25th December, 1818. - -[Sidenote: 1819] - -On the 26th October, two squadrons, under the command of Major -Davenport, marched to Salt Hill, to attend the funeral of Her -Majesty Queen Charlotte, and on the 7th of December, the remaining -troops marched for Bristol, on their route to Ireland, disembarked -at Waterford, and detaching one squadron to Tullamore, marched into -Newbridge barracks on the 7th of February, 1819. In these stations the -regiment was reviewed by Lieutenant-General Sir Edward Paget, who was -pleased to express his approbation of its appearance and discipline. - -[Sidenote: 1820] - -In January, 1820, in consequence of the disturbed state of the province -of Connaught, two squadrons of the regiment were hastily ordered to -march thither; one troop was quartered at Ballinasloe, one at Tuam, and -the other two at Ballinrobe. In March, Generals Sir Edward Paget and -Sir John Elley arrived with all the disposable force, and from their -exertions the country assumed some appearance of tranquillity. - -The KING'S OWN returned to Newbridge, and was there, on the 22nd of -May, inspected by Major-General Sir Colquhoun Grant, who was pleased to -give them the highest praise. - -On the 18th of June, the KING'S OWN marched to Dublin, and on the next -day was reviewed, for the first time, as a "LIGHT REGIMENT;" other -reviews took place on the 21st and 30th, before Lieut.-General Sir -David Baird, and the regiment returned to Newbridge. - -On the 16th of August, the KING'S OWN marched into Dublin, relieving -the royal dragoons, who sailed for England, and in October, the -regiment was inspected by Major-General Sir Colquhoun Grant, who -issued the following order:-- - - 'October 14th, 1820. - -'The half-yearly inspection of the KING'S OWN LIGHT DRAGOONS affords -Major-General Sir C. Grant an opportunity of again expressing his -approbation of that corps. The interior arrangements, field movements, -attention of the officers, and steadiness of the men, all enable him to -make the most satisfactory report to the Commander of the Forces.' - -[Sidenote: 1821] - -The regiment remained in Dublin during the winter, and in January, -1821, the colonelcy was conferred on Lieut.-General Stapleton Cotton, -Viscount Combermere, K.C.B., G.C.H., in succession to General -Cartwright, who was removed to the first dragoon guards. - -On the 17th of August the regiment had the honour of forming the -personal escort of His Majesty King George the Fourth, on his public -entry into Dublin. On the 18th, His Majesty reviewed the garrison, -then consisting of the THIRD and sixth dragoons, seventh hussars, -twelfth and nineteenth lancers, of the twenty-third, thirty-third, -forty-third, fifty-second, and seventy-eighth regiments of infantry. -The King remained in Dublin until the 2nd of September, on which day, -having been escorted to Powerscourt by a detachment of HIS OWN regiment -of dragoons, His Majesty embarked at Dunleary, the remainder of the -regiment forming a guard of honour at the harbour. - -On the 4th and 5th of September, the KING'S OWN marched out of Dublin, -and took up quarters in the counties of Waterford and Wexford, at -Cahir, New Ross, and Fethard.[40] Here, however, they remained only a -short time, being ordered to Newcastle and Limerick, in consequence of -the disturbances which agitated that part of Ireland, particularly the -county of Limerick. - -[Sidenote: 1822] - -In these quarters the regiment was inspected on the 22nd of October, by -Major General Sir John Elley, and in January, 1822, the head-quarters -marched to Limerick, troops and detachments being stationed at nine -different places in the south of Ireland. The regiment was, in June, -again inspected by Sir John Elley, and being ordered to embark for -England, had the honour of receiving an order from Major-General Sir -John Lambert, commanding the district, in which the major-general was -pleased to state that 'he could not allow the regiment to leave the -district without expressing his entire satisfaction at the manner in -which most harassing duties had been performed by the head-quarters and -detachments in the disturbed part of the country.' - -[Sidenote: 1823] - -On the 19th and 22nd of June, the regiment embarked at Waterford, and -landing at Bristol, proceeded to Brighton, and on the 28th of October, -having marched to Chichester, was reviewed by Major-General Lord Edward -Somerset, one troop being detached to Hastings. On the 7th of November, -the regiment marched to Romford, where it remained till June, 1828, and -hence proceeded to Hampton Court and its vicinity. Here, on the 15th of -July, a grand cavalry review took place. The brigades were a cuirassier -brigade, first and second life guards, and royal horse guards, -commanded by Colonel Sir Robert Hill; a light brigade, KING'S OWN light -dragoons, seventh and fifteenth hussars, commanded by Colonel Lord -Charles Manners; and a brigade of horse artillery, commanded by Colonel -Sir Augustus Frazer. These troops, being commanded by Major-General -Lord E. Somerset, were reviewed by His Royal Highness the Duke of -York, Commander-in-Chief, and on the 22nd, an order was issued highly -flattering to the whole of the regiments present. - -[Sidenote: 1824] - -The KING'S OWN remained at Hounslow for some months, in the course of -which, on leaving the station of Hampton Court, the troops received a -most honourable testimonial of their character and conduct from His -Royal Highness the Duke of Clarence.[41] - -On the 7th of July, 1824, the same brigades under the same officers, -were again reviewed by His Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief, and -on the 12th the head-quarters of the KING'S OWN marched for Coventry, -troops being detached to Birmingham, Hinckley, and Abergavenny. - -[Sidenote: 1825] - -In May, 1825, the regiment having been inspected by Major-General -Lord Edward Somerset, the head-quarters moved to Newcastle-on-Tyne, -a squadron being detached to Carlisle. On the 22nd of July, a party -was detached to Sunderland, in consequence of the riots there, in -which the associated keelmen had gained such power as to prevent any -vessels putting to sea. On the 3rd of August, these disturbances grew -to such a height that it became necessary for the military, under the -direction of the magistrates, to make use of their arms, when seven -lives were unfortunately lost; but of so good effect was this salutary -severity, that from that time order was restored, and the troops -returned to Newcastle, receiving from Major-General Harris, commanding -the district, from the Horse-guards, and from the magistrates and -inhabitants of Sunderland, the highest praise for their coolness and -forbearance, under very trying circumstances.[42] - -On the 27th of May, 1825, Colonel Lord Charles S. Manners was -promoted to the rank of Major-General, and was succeeded in the -Lieutenant-colonelcy of the THIRD, KING'S OWN, LIGHT DRAGOONS by -Colonel Lord Robert Manners, from the half-pay of the Tenth Royal -Hussars. - -[Sidenote: 1826] - -[Sidenote: 1827] - -On the 3rd of March, 1826, the KING'S OWN commenced their march for -Portpatrick, embarked there for Ireland, and took up their quarters at -Dundalk, Belturbet, and Longford, the squadron from which latter place -afterwards marched to Belfast. On the 23rd of September, the regiment -assembled at Dundalk, and was there inspected by Major-General Sir -Colquhoun Grant, the detached squadrons immediately returning to their -former quarters, and the whole marching into Dublin, in June 1827, and -occupying Portobello barracks. The regiment remained at Dublin nine -months, and then marched into Connaught, receiving the highest praise -from Lieutenant-General Sir George Murray. It was then quartered as -follows: one troop and head-quarters at Ballinrobe, two troops at -Athlone, two troops at Gort, and one at Loughrea. - -[Sidenote: 1828] - -[Sidenote: 1829] - -The five detached troops received orders on the 30th of June to proceed -to Ennis, to assist in preserving the peace during the Clare election. -Two troops were quartered in a ruined distillery, two in the yards of -the infirmary, and one at Clare Castle, where Major-General Sir Charles -Doyle, who had arrived from Limerick, established his head-quarters. -The troops remained at Ennis ten days, and then returned to their -former stations, the regiment being stationed in Connaught for fifteen -months, and receiving on three several occasions the highest character -from Major-General Taylor, and Major-General Sir Thomas Arbuthnot, -K.C.B., the inspecting general officers; the latter of whom was pleased -to express 'his regret at losing from his district a regiment which -had done itself such credit by its excellent conduct, while under his -command.' This order is dated 30th April, 1829; and in the beginning -of the next month, the regiment embarked at Dublin for England, being -ordered to proceed to Exeter; but on landing at Liverpool, it was -detained in the north, in consequence of some disturbances there, and -ordered to march on the evening of debarkation to Prescot, one squadron -being directed upon Manchester, and troops to Bury, Bolton, Blackburn, -and Haslingden. On the 15th of June, the head-quarters moved to -Sheffield, the troops from Bolton occupying Rochdale; and on the 5th of -July, in consequence of riots in the town of Barnsley, a troop was sent -thither, and remained there till the following spring. - -In September General Viscount Combermere was removed to the first -life guards; and the colonelcy of the KING'S OWN was conferred on -Lieut.-General Lord George Thomas Beresford, G.C.H. - -In the course of this year a squadron was detached to Doncaster, in -consequence of riots at the races there; and the regiment was inspected -by Major-General Sir H. Vivian, when Colonel Lord Robert Manners -received the directions of the Major-General to express his approbation -of the state of the regiment, and in addition to the flattering terms -in which the General expressed his opinion of the officers and men on -the parade, he directed the commanding officer to issue an order, -entirely approving of all he had seen, which order he desired might not -only be entered in the regimental order book, but likewise inserted in -the regimental records. - -[Sidenote: 1830] - -On the 6th of April, 1830, the KING'S OWN marched into York, detaching -one troop to Newcastle-on-Tyne: and on the 21st of May, they were -reviewed by Major-General Sir H. Bouverie, commanding the northern -district.[43] On the 25th of November, the regiment left York _en -route_ to Nottingham, being ordered there to replace troops employed -in quelling disturbances in the south of England. On the 6th of -December, one troop was detached to Loughborough, in consequence of -riots there, and returned on the 17th, receiving a vote of thanks from -the magistrates of Leicestershire for their readiness and promptitude. -On the 22nd, the regiment was ordered to complete its establishment to -the full numbers, and accordingly detached parties to Loughborough and -Derby; and on the 29th, the first division, immediately followed by the -others, left Nottingham and returned to York. At York an increase in -the number of horses took place, the number per troop being fixed at -forty-five. - -[Sidenote: 1831] - -In consequence of a sudden order received on the night of the 2nd of -March, 1831, for the regiment to march on the following morning, one -squadron moved to Leeds, and the second to Burnley; but on the 4th of -April, the latter squadron returned to Leeds to succeed the first, -which had marched to Newcastle. On the 25th of the same month, a troop -marched to Chester-le-Street, near Durham; and on the 5th and 6th of -May, the remaining part of the regiment left Leeds for Newcastle. In -this quarter the regiment was employed in the suppression of riots -among the colliers, and was inspected by Major-General Dalbiac. - -[Sidenote: 1832] - -On the 23rd of September, the KING'S OWN marched in three divisions to -Edinburgh, where they remained for eight months; and in April, 1832, -proceeded to Glasgow and Hamilton. - -[Sidenote: 1833] - -[Sidenote: 1834] - -[Sidenote: 1835] - -Returning to England in the spring of 1833, the regiment was stationed -at Ipswich and Norwich; in the summer of 1834 it was removed to -Hounslow and took the King's duty; and in the summer of 1835 it -embarked for Ireland, and occupied quarters at Cork, Ballincollig, and -Limerick. - -[Sidenote: 1836] - -[Sidenote: 1837] - -In June, 1836, the KING'S OWN were stationed at Cahir and Clonmel; -and returning to England in the spring of 1837, they proceeded to -Canterbury. On the 19th May, 1837, Colonel Joseph Thackwell, late of -the 15th Hussars, exchanged from the half-pay with Lieutenant Colonel -Stisted. - -The regiment, having been selected to proceed to the East Indies, -embarked in July, 1837, for Bengal, and landed at Calcutta on the 13th -of November following, under the command of Colonel Thackwell. - -[Sidenote: 1838] - -The regiment was encamped in January, 1838, at Calcutta; in February at -Burkee; in March at Kusseah; in April at Cawnpore, where it continued -until the end of the year.[44] - -[Sidenote: 1839] - -In February, 1839, the regiment was encamped at Chibbermold; in March -at Meerut, at which station it remained until December, when it -returned to Cawnpore. - -The decease of Lieutenant-General Lord George Thomas Beresford, G.C.H., -having taken place on the 26th October, 1839, Her Majesty was pleased -to confer the colonelcy of the THIRD, OR KING'S OWN LIGHT DRAGOONS, -on Lieutenant General Lord Charles Somerset Manners, K.C.B., on the -8th November, 1839: Lord Charles Manners had commanded the regiment as -Lieutenant-Colonel from 1812 to 1825, when he was promoted to the rank -of Major-General. - -On the 13th December, 1839, Lieut.-Colonel Michael White was promoted -by purchase in succession to Lieut.-Colonel G. G. Tuite. - -[Sidenote: 1840] - -[Sidenote: 1842] - -The regiment remained at Cawnpore until October, 1840, when it -proceeded to Kurnaul. It marched from thence on 28th January, 1842, -_en route_ for Ferozepore, having been selected to form part of the -force which had been ordered to proceed under Major-General Pollock to -relieve the troops under Colonel Sir Robert Sale, who had gallantly -defended Jellalabad; and also for the purpose of inflicting retribution -upon the Affghans, whose treachery had caused the loss of so many brave -officers and soldiers. - -The THIRD LIGHT DRAGOONS continued their advance on Peshawur, and -a squadron of the regiment, under Lieutenant Unett, protected the -column of attack under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Taylor, of -Her Majesty's Ninth Regiment of Foot, which captured the heights on -the right entrance to the _Khyber Pass_, on the 5th April, 1842. -Major-General Pollock, in his despatch announcing the successful -advance of the troops into the Khyber Pass, states: 'there were some of -the enemy's horse in the vicinity of Ali Musjid, but I regret they did -not wait for Brigadier White (Lieutenant-Colonel of the KING'S OWN) and -his brigade to make an example of them.' - -The regiment arrived at Jellalabad in April, 1842, where it remained -until the 14th August following, when it proceeded to Futteabad, -detaching one squadron to Mammoo Khail on the 23rd of that month. The -THIRD LIGHT DRAGOONS left Futteabad on the 2nd September, and on -arriving at _Jugdulluck_, the summits of the hills, which command the -road through the pass, were perceived to be occupied by a considerable -number of the enemy, who were assembled in bodies under different -chieftains, each having a distinguishing standard; their position -was one of singular strength and difficulty of approach. The heights -occupied by the Ghilzies formed an amphitheatre, inclining towards -the left of the road, on which the troops were halted, while the guns -opened; and the enemy were thus enabled, on this point, to fire into -the column, a deep ravine preventing the troops coming in contact with -them. - -The British troops, however, on attacking one of their hill-forts, gave -an animated and enthusiastic cheer, which so dismayed the enemy, that -they fled down the heights without waiting the collision, and were -thus enabled to escape chastisement by the nature of the ground, which -was so well calculated to favour their retreat. At this moment, Major -Lockwood with the THIRD, KING'S OWN LIGHT DRAGOONS, galloped up, and -nearly succeeded in overtaking the enemy's cavalry, who effected their -safety by flight.[45] - -The loss of the regiment at the storming of the heights of _Jugdulluck_ -on the 8th of September, 1842, was limited to two men wounded. - -Major-General Pollock, in his despatch, speaks of the conduct of the -troops employed in the following terms:-- - -'It gratifies me to be enabled to state, that we have thus signally -defeated, with one division of the troops, the most powerful tribes, -and the most inveterate of our enemies, the original and principal -actors in those disturbances which entailed such disasters on our -troops last winter.' - -The regiment was also engaged with the enemy in the _Tezeen_ valley, -which is completely encircled by lofty hills; the pass of Tezeen -affords great advantages to an enemy occupying the heights, and Mahomed -Akbar-Khan neglected nothing to render its natural difficulties -as formidable as possible; accordingly on the morning of the 13th -September, the Affghans appeared in great force on every height which -had not been occupied by the British army. Two squadrons of the THIRD -LIGHT DRAGOONS, a party of the first light cavalry, and of the third -irregular cavalry, with two guns, were left to guard the mouth of -the Tezeen pass. The enemy's horse appeared in the valley with the -intention of falling upon the baggage; but the Light Dragoons and -native cavalry made a most brilliant charge, and completely routed -the whole body of the enemy's force, cutting down a great number of -them. The fight continued during the greater part of the day, the -Affghans appearing resolved to prevent our ascending the _Huft Kotul_; -one spirit, however, pervaded all, and the determination to conquer -overcame the obstinate resistance of the foe, who were at length forced -from their numerous and strong positions, and the British troops -mounted the _Huft Kotul_, giving three cheers on reaching the summit. -Here Lieutenant Cunningham, with a party of sappers, pressed the enemy -so hard, that they left in their precipitation a twenty-four pounder -howitzer and limber, carrying off the draught bullocks. Information -being received that another gun had been seen, a squadron of cavalry -under Captain Tritton, of the THIRD LIGHT DRAGOONS, and two horse -artillery guns, under Major Delafosse, were detached in pursuit; the -gun (a twelve-pounder howitzer) and bullocks sufficient for the two -guns, were soon captured. The Light Dragoons again got among the -enemy, and succeeded in destroying many of them. Captain Broadfoot, -with the sappers, advanced, and with the dragoons happened to fall -in with another party of Affghans, of whom upwards of twenty were -killed. It was ascertained, that the enemy numbered sixteen thousand, a -considerable portion being cavalry; and that Mahomed Akbar-Khan, with -several other powerful chiefs, was present[46]. - -The British thus gained a complete victory, and the enemy must have -suffered severely, several hundreds of them having been killed, and -their guns, and three standards, captured from them. A detachment of -the THIRD LIGHT DRAGOONS formed part of the rear-guard of the army -under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Richmond, of the 33rd Native -Infantry, and it being resolved to anticipate the evident intention -of the Affghans, by attacking them in the valley of Tezeen, on the -13th September, the guns were moved forward within range of the -enemy, supported by the front squadron of the THIRD LIGHT DRAGOONS -under Captain Unett, with other corps, in order to charge the foe if -the ground proved favourable, and an opportunity offered; this soon -occurred, the guns having made good impression, and the other squadron -of cavalry, under Major Lockwood, was hurried forward as a support, -thus ensuring the success achieved by the spirited and gallant charge -of their comrades in front, which completely dispersed the enemy, who -left about fifty men on the field.[47] - -Major-General Pollock, in his despatch of the action at _Tezeen_, -expresses his satisfaction with the exertions of Lt.-Colonel White of -the THIRD LIGHT DRAGOONS, commanding the cavalry brigade, and also of -Major Lockwood, who commanded the regiment. The THIRD LIGHT DRAGOONS -sustained but trifling loss in the _Tezeen_ valley, and on the Huft -Kotul, on the 12th and 13th September, having only one serjeant and -four rank and file wounded; two horses killed, and eleven wounded. - -After these successes, the army moved on without opposition, and -arrived at CABOOL on the 15th September, where they encamped on the -race course. The THIRD LIGHT DRAGOONS, under Major Lockwood, proceeded -with other corps to plant the British colours in the _Bala Hissar_, on -the spot most conspicuous from the city. On the colours being hoisted, -the band of Her Majesty's Ninth Regiment of Foot struck up 'God save -the Queen,' and a royal salute was fired from the guns of the horse -artillery, the whole of the troops present giving three cheers. The -colours in the Bala Hissar were hoisted daily as long as the army -remained at Cabool. - -The head-quarters and two squadrons of the regiment, under Major -Lockwood, formed part of the force which was detached under -Major-General McCaskill (Lieutenant-Colonel of the Ninth Foot), for -the purpose of dispersing the enemy collected in the vicinity of -_Charekar_, and took part in the operations against the strong and -populous town of _Istalif_, which was considered by the Affghans as -totally inaccessible, but which was captured on the 29th September -1842; the numerous levies collected for its defence were totally -defeated, and property of every description (much of it plundered from -the army in 1841) was recovered; two brass field-pieces were captured, -one of which was seized with such promptitude, that its captor, -Lieutenant Elmhirst, of Her Majesty's Ninth Foot, turned its fire upon -the fugitives with some effect[48]. - -Among the gratifying results of these successes was the release -of several ladies and officers who had been detained prisoners by -Akbar-Khan. - -The regiment, having been present during the whole of the operations -west of the Indus, leading to the occupation of Cabool, has received -the Royal permission to bear on its appointments the word '_Cabool -1842_.' - -[Sidenote: 1843] - -[Sidenote: 1844] - -The regiment left Cabool on the 12th October, 1842, and arrived at -Ferozepore on the 18th December, from whence it marched to Kurnaul, -where it arrived on the 27th January 1843; it remained at Kurnaul until -November, when it marched for Umballa, and continued at that station -during the year 1844, and until the end of the following year. - -[Sidenote: 1845] - -On the 11th December, 1845, the regiment, consisting of 518 men, under -the command of Lieut.-Colonel Michael White, marched from cantonments -at Umballa, and formed a part of the leading division of the _Army of -the Sutlej_, hastily assembled, under the personal command of General -Sir Hugh Gough, G.C.B., Commander-in-Chief in India, for the purpose of -repelling an invasion by the _Sikhs_.[49] - -On arriving at the village of _Moodkee_, a distance of one hundred -and fifty miles, on the 18th December, the army had just taken up its -encampments, when intelligence was received, that the enemy's forces, -consisting of twenty thousand cavalry, and about the same number of -infantry and artillery, were close at hand, and intended to surprise -the British camps. The cavalry were immediately turned out, and -advanced to cover the formation of the infantry, and the distinguished -part which the _Third, or King's Own Regiment of Light Dragoons_, took -in the sanguinary and memorable battle of the evening of that day may -be best judged from the words of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief -in his despatch of the 19th December 1845:--'I directed the cavalry, -under Brigadiers White and Gough (of the KING'S OWN), to make a flank -movement on the enemy's left, with a view of threatening and turning -that flank, if possible. - -'With praiseworthy gallantry, the THIRD LIGHT DRAGOONS, and the second -brigade of cavalry, consisting of the body-guard and Fifth Light -cavalry, with a portion of the Fourth Lancers, turned the left of the -Sikh army, and sweeping along the whole rear of its infantry and guns, -silenced for a time the latter, and put their numerous cavalry to -flight.' - -In this action the regiment suffered severely, owing to the nature of -the ground, and the immense body of cavalry opposed to it. The loss, -out of four hundred and ninety-four men, on this occasion, was as -follows:--killed, 3 officers, 58 men; 5 officers' chargers, and 100 -troop horses; wounded, 3 officers, 34 men; 2 officers' chargers, and 21 -troop horses. - -Brevet Major W. R. Herries, Captain G. Newton, and Cornet E. Worley, -were killed. - -Lieutenant S. Fisher (Acting Major of Brigade), E. G. Swinton, and E. -B. Cureton, were severely wounded. - -On the 21st December, the army again advanced; the Third Light Dragoons -had about four hundred men; and came up with the enemy, said to consist -of 70,000 men, who were strongly posted in and around the village of -"FEROZESHAH" their camp intrenched, and defended by a numerous and -powerful artillery. - -At about four o'clock in the afternoon the action became general. The -_Third Light Dragoons_ were ordered to attack the enemy's position at -a point defended by some of the heaviest batteries, most of the guns -being of battering calibre: as the regiment advanced, it was assailed -with round shot and shell from several batteries. On arriving within -about two hundred and fifty yards of the guns, the regiment moved on at -top speed, under a most destructive fire of grape and musketry, whilst -their infantry held the trenches at the point of the bayonet. Nothing -dismayed, but determined on victory, the regiment pressed forward, and -never for a moment was checked in its career until it finally entered -the enemy's camp, and captured the whole of the batteries opposed to -it; many of the Sikh artillerymen remaining to be cut down at their -guns. Night having fallen, while the conflict was everywhere raging, -and several mines having been sprung, together with the exploding of -their field magazines, by which several men and horses were destroyed, -the regiment was withdrawn a short distance from the burning camp, -where it bivouacked for the night. - -The enemy having held a portion of his position, and being strongly -reinforced in the night, the battle was renewed the next morning, and -the _Third Light Dragoons_ at daybreak joined the remainder of the -cavalry, and participated in the action of the 22nd of December, when -about three o'clock, P. M., the _Third Light Dragoons_ were again -ordered to charge the enemy, which he did not wait to receive, and -he was finally driven from the field, and the army bivouacked on the -ground they had won. The men and horses of the _Third Light Dragoons_ -were upwards of forty hours without food or water, nearly the whole of -the time exposed to, and in conflict with, a powerful enemy; the days -were hot and the nights intensely cold. - -In this great battle the regiment lost as follows:--killed, 2 officers -and 53 men; wounded, 7 officers and 86 men; total, 9 officers and 139 -men: killed, 9 officers' chargers and 98 troop horses: wounded, 60 -troop horses; total killed and wounded, 9 officers' chargers and 158 -troop horses. - -The officers killed, were Captain J. E. Codd and Cornet H. Ellis; -wounded, Colonel M. White, slightly: Major C. W. M. Balders, slightly: -Lieutenants, H. C. Morgan, severely; J. G. A. Beeston, slightly: -Cornets, W. H. Orme, severely; J. D. White and J. Rathwell, slightly. - -The Commander-in-Chief, in his despatch of the 22nd December, 1845, -observes as follows: 'Although I brought up Major-General Sir Harry -Smith's division, and he captured and long retained another point of -the position, and Her Majesty's Third Light Dragoons charged and -took some of the most formidable batteries, yet the enemy remained in -possession of a considerable portion of the great quadrangle, whilst -our troops, intermingled with theirs, kept possession of the remainder, -and finally bivouacked upon it, exhausted by their gallant efforts, -greatly reduced in numbers, and suffering extremely from thirst, yet -animated by an indomitable spirit. In this state of things, the long -night wore away!' - -The Right Honourable the Governor-General, (Lord Hardinge), who -personally witnessed the prowess of the regiment on the battle-field, -makes honorable mention thereof in his Orders, dated 30th December, -1845. - -'The Governor-General offers his thanks more especially to Her -Majesty's Third Light Dragoons, who, on all these occasions, sought -opportunities of useful conflict with the enemy, and fought with that -superiority over their opponents which skill and discipline impart to -brave and determined men.' - -The regiment was detached from the army at Sultan-Khan-Wallah, and sent -to _Ferozepore_, where it arrived on the 31st December 1845. - -[Sidenote: 1846] - -It remained at Ferozepore until the 18th January, 1846, and again -proceeded to, and joined, the head quarters of the army at Jelliwallah, -on the 20th of January. - -The glorious action at _Aliwal_ took place on the 28th of January, -'when the enemy's camp was carried by storm; the whole of his cannon -and munitions of war were captured, and his army driven headlong across -the Sutlej; even on the right bank of which he found no refuge from the -fire of our artillery.' - -The Third Light Dragoons were assembled on parade on the morning of the -29th of January to celebrate the victory of _Aliwal_, when the Right -Honourable the Governor-General, in the presence of the whole army, -was pleased to make use of the following words, most gratifying to the -feelings of every soldier:--'Colonel White, your regiment is an honour -to the British army; and I wish you to make known these my sentiments, -as head of this Government, to your officers and men.' - -On the 10th of February, 1846, the regiment had the proud satisfaction -of sharing and taking a conspicuous part in that glorious and mighty -combat, _the Battle of Sobraon_, when the Sikhs were driven from their -stronghold, and precipitated in masses into the Sutlej, and those proud -invaders were expelled the soil of British India. - -The Right Honourable the Governor-General, in his Order of Thanks -to the Army, was pleased to pass the following high encomium on the -conduct of the regiment in this fight:-- - -'Her Majesty's Third Light Dragoons, as usual, were in the foremost -ranks, and distinguished themselves under their commanding officer, -Lieut.-Colonel White.' - -His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, in his despatch, dated 13th -February, 1846, thus expresses his unqualified approbation of the -conduct of the regiment on this occasion:--'The Sikhs, even when at -particular points their intrenchments were mastered by the bayonet, -strove to regain them by the fiercest conflict sword in hand; nor was -it until the cavalry of the left, under the command of Major-General -Sir Joseph Thackwell,[50] had moved forward and ridden through the -openings in the intrenchments made by our Sappers, in single files, -and reformed as they passed them, and the Third Light Dragoons, whom -no obstacle usually held formidable by horse, appears to check, had on -this day, _as at Ferozeshah_, galloped over, and cut down the obstinate -defenders of batteries and field-works, and until the full weight -of three divisions of infantry with every field artillery gun which -could be sent to their aid, had been cast into the scale, that victory -finally declared for the British.[51] - -'The fire of the Sikhs first slackened, and then nearly ceased; and -the victors then pressing them on every side, precipitated them in -masses over their bridge, and into the Sutlej, which a sudden rise of -seven inches had rendered hardly fordable. In their efforts to reach -the right bank through the deepened water, they suffered from our -horse-artillery a terrible carnage: hundreds fell under this cannonade; -hundreds upon hundreds were drowned in attempting the perilous passage. -Their awful slaughter, confusion, and dismay, were such as would have -excited compassion in the hearts of their generous conquerors, if the -Khalsa troops had not, in the earlier part of the action, sullied -their gallantry by slaughtering and barbarously mangling every wounded -soldier, whom, in the vicissitudes of attack, the fortune of war left -at their mercy. - -'I must pause in this narrative to notice, especially, the determined -hardihood and bravery with which our two battalions of Ghoorkhas, the -Sirmoor and Nusseeree, met the Sikhs, wherever they were opposed to -them: soldiers, of small stature but indomitable spirit, they vied in -ardent courage in the charge with the grenadiers of our own nation; and -armed with the short weapon of their mountains, were a terror to the -Sikhs throughout this great combat. - -'Sixty-seven pieces of cannon, upwards of two hundred camel-swivels -(zumbooruks), numerous standards, and vast munitions of war, captured -by our troops, are the pledges and trophies of our victory. - -'The battle was over by eleven in the morning; and in the forenoon I -caused our engineers to burn a part, and to sink a part, of the vaunted -bridge of the Khalsa army, across which they had boastfully come once -more to defy us, and to threaten India with ruin and devastation. - -'The consequences of this great action have yet to be fully developed. -It has at least, in God's providence, once more expelled the Sikhs from -our territory, and planted our standards on the soil of the Punjaub. -After occupying their entrenched position for nearly a month, the -Khalsa army had perhaps mistaken the _caution_, which had induced us -to wait for the necessary materiel, for _timidity_: but they must now -deeply feel, that the blow, which has fallen on them from the British -arm, has only been the heavier for being long delayed.' - -The following are the losses sustained by the Third Light Dragoons -in the action of _Sobraon_: killed, 5 men, 1 troop horse; wounded, 4 -officers and 22 men, 2 officers' chargers and 13 troop horses. - -The officers wounded were, Lieutenant-Colonel J. B. Gough (Acting -Quarter-Master General), very severely; Lieutenant J. B. Hawkes, -slightly; Cornet Kauntze, severely; and Quarter-Master A. Crabtree, -slightly. - -The Third Light Dragoons crossed the Sutlej on the 13th February, -1846, and marched on _Lahore_, where the British army arrived on the -20th, and encamped on that soil held sacred by the Khalsa troops, the -'Plains of Myan Meer,' where it remained until the 24th March. The -object for which the army was assembled having been attained, the Third -Light Dragoons returned to their former quarters at Umballa on the 7th -April, having, in less than four months, marched upwards of six hundred -miles, and taken a conspicuous part in _three_ of the greatest actions -recorded in the annals of British India. - -On the 22nd of February, 1846, the Right Honourable the -Governor-General made the following announcement in General Orders:-- - -'The British Army has this day occupied the gateway of the _Citadel of -Lahore_, the Badshahee Mosque, and the Huzzooree Bagh. - -'The _Army of the Sutlej_ has now brought its operations in the field -to a close, by the dispersion of the Sikh army, and the military -occupation of _Lahore_, preceded by a series of the most triumphant -successes ever recorded in the military history of India. - -'The British government, trusting to the faith of treaties, and to the -long subsisting friendship between the two states, had limited military -preparations to the defence of its own frontier. Compelled suddenly to -assume the offensive, by the unprovoked invasion of its territories, -the British Army, under the command of its distinguished leader, has, -in sixty days, defeated the Sikh forces in _four general actions_; -has captured _two hundred and twenty pieces_ of field artillery; and -is now at the _Capital_ dictating to the _Lahore Durbar_ the terms -of a treaty, the conditions of which will tend to secure the British -Provinces from the repetition of a similar outrage.' - -On the 4th March, 1846, the Governor-General made the following further -announcement:-- - -'Early on the morning of the 22nd February, a brigade of British troops -took formal possession of the _Citadel of Lahore_, the Badshahee -Musjed, and the Huzzooree Bagh. - -'I considered the occupation of Lahore, and the close of active -operations in the field, a proper opportunity for marking, by -substantial reward, the gratitude of the British Government to -its faithful and brave army, which had fought so gloriously, and -so successfully; and I was glad at being able thus to bring into -prominent contrast, the just reward of discipline and obedience, with -the certain penalty of insubordination and violence, as exemplified -in the fate of the two armies, which had been so long the objects of -mutual observation; the one, victorious in the field, and honoured -and bountifully rewarded by its Government; the other, in spite of -its exceeding numbers and advantageous positions, vanquished in every -battle, abandoned by a government it had coerced, and, with its -shattered remains, left, but for the intercession of its conquerors, -to disperse with no provision of any kind, and to seek a precarious -subsistence by rapine and crime.' - -[Illustration: 3rd Light Dragoons in India. - - [To face page 106.] - -The following Regular Regiments formed part of the Anglo-Indian Army -engaged in the Punjaub in 1845 and 1846:-- - - +------------------+----------------------------------------------+-------+ - | | Actions at which each Regiment was | | - | | engaged. | | - | +----------+-------------+----------+----------+ | - | | Moodkee, | Ferozeshah, | Aliwal, | Sobraon, | Total.| - | | 18th Dec.| 21st & 22nd | 28th Jan.| 10th Feb.| | - | | 1845. | Dec. 1845. | 1846. | 1846. | | - | +----------+-------------+----------+----------+-------+ - |3rd Light Dragoons| 1 | 1 | .. | 1 | 3 | - |9th Lancers | .. | .. | .. | 1 | 1 | - |16th " | .. | .. | 1 | 1 | 2 | - |9th Foot | 1 | 1 | .. | 1 | 3 | - |10th " | .. | .. | .. | 1 | 1 | - |29th " | .. | 1 | .. | 1 | 2 | - |31st " | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | - |50th " | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | - |53rd " | .. | .. | 1 | 1 | 2 | - |62nd " | .. | 1 | .. | 1 | 2 | - |80th " | 1 | 1 | .. | 1 | 3 | - +------------------+----------+-------------+----------+----------+-------+ - - * * * * * - -THE KING'S OWN REGIMENT OF LIGHT DRAGOONS, from the period of its -formation in 1685, to the present time, has performed upwards of one -hundred and sixty years' faithful and meritorious service in the reign -of nine successive monarchs. It was employed in the several wars on -the continent of Europe during the reigns of King William III.,--of -Queen Anne,--and of King George II. It was again employed in Portugal, -Spain, and France, from 1811 to 1818. It has been since engaged in most -arduous duties in _Affghanistan_, and on the banks of the _Sutlej_, -where it has acquired additional honours by its bravery; it continues -to be employed in guarding the possessions of the British Crown in the -distant clime of India. - -Whether confronting a foreign enemy in the field, or performing duties -of a painful character at home, its conduct has, on all occasions, been -such as to procure the acknowledgments of the Civil Authorities by whom -its assistance was required;--the commendations of the General Officers -under whose immediate command it has served;--the thanks of Parliament; -and the approbation of its Sovereign. - - * * * * * - - The compiler of the Records of the Army feels it his duty to - acknowledge, that his labours have been greatly assisted by a - memoir of the services of the Third, or the King's Own, Light - Dragoons, which was printed, in 1833, by Lieutenant Colonel Charles - Stisted, then lieutenant-colonel of the regiment. King William - IV. expressed himself much satisfied with the manner in which - the Colonel had executed a task, to which His Majesty attached - great importance, and gave him credit for the zeal and industry - with which he had undertaken and prosecuted it; a notification - to the above effect was made to Lieutenant-Colonel Stisted by - Lieutenant-General Sir Herbert Taylor, G.C.H. Lieutenant Colonel - Stisted entered the Army in May, 1794, as an ensign in the 39th - Regiment.--He was appointed to a lieutenancy in the 13th Light - Dragoons in January, 1803, and was promoted to be captain of a - troop in February, 1804: he exchanged to the Third Light Dragoons - on the 7th of February, 1811; and was promoted to a majority on - the 14th of October, 1819, and to the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the - Regiment on the 22nd of July, 1830: he continued in command of the - Regiment until the 19th of May, 1837, when he exchanged to the - half-pay: he was reappointed to the full pay in September, 1841, - and retired from the service by the sale of his commission; he died - at Torquay on the 24th of July, 1842. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[10] The Third, ranked as Second Dragoons; the Fourth as Third; and the -Second as Fourth; until the peace of Utrecht, when the claim of the -Greys to precedence was submitted to a board of general officers and -admitted.--_See the Historical Record of the Scots Greys._ - -[11] Major Wood rose to the rank of lieut.-general. See a memoir of -this distinguished officer in the record of the third dragoon guards. - -[12] The account of the services of the regiment in Ireland has been -taken from the Official Records--London Gazettes--Accounts published by -authority in 1690, and 1691--State of Europe--Story's History of the -War in Ireland--Harris' Life of King William III.--and Boyer's Life of -King William III. - -[13] D'Auvergne's History of the Campaign in Flanders. - -[14] Colonel Lloyd being sick at Brussels and the Lieutenant-Colonel on -leave of absence. - -[15] The original embarkation return, signed by the Colonel of the -regiment, is among the Harleian manuscripts in the British Museum, No. -7025. - -[16] Annals of Queen Anne, page 93. - -[17] Bibl. Harl. 7025. - -[18] In Lodge's Peerage of Ireland it is stated that Brigadier-General -Carpenter gave 1800 guineas for the colonelcy of the QUEEN'S dragoons. - -[19] Annals of Queen Anne. - -[20] Two engravings were published of this brave man; one representing -him in the act of preserving the standard, and the other a half figure. -He recovered from his wounds in about six weeks, and as a reward for -his gallantry he was promoted to the post of a private gentleman in the -life guards; an appointment which, at that time, was usually obtained -by purchase. - -[21] Major Honeywood received five wounds; he was thought dead, and -stripped, and in that state lay six hours on the field of battle. He -was, with Captain Brown, and Lieutenant Robinson, reported dead; but -all three recovered. We learn from a private letter from General Bland, -published in the Gentleman's Magazine, that all his officers were -wounded except two, but they gallantly refused to be reported so, and -remained with the regiment. - -[22] The loss of the THIRD DRAGOONS was equal to that of the whole of -the other cavalry regiments, excepting Ligonier's horse, now seventh -dragoon guards. - -[23] It is said that when the King reviewed his army, previous to -leaving them in 1743, he noticed the deficiency in the ranks of the -THIRD, by sharply asking whose regiment it was, and what had become of -the remainder of it. 'Please your Majesty,' was the reply of General -Bland, 'it is my regiment, and I believe the remainder of it is at -_Dettingen_.' - -[24] The sword of Lieutenant-Colonel Honeywood, of the King's Own -dragoons, who led the attack at the affair of Clifton Moor, (December -19, 1746,) was, on that officer's being cut down, taken possession -of by the chief of the Macphersons, which clan formed part of the -rear-guard of the rebel army. It is still in existence. - -[25] 'Lord George Murray, who always commanded the rear-guard of the -rebels, took possession of a village called Clifton, two miles short of -Penrith, and ordered Colonels John Stuart and Clunie Macpherson, with -their regiments, supported by the Macdonalds of Keppock, to take post -at the bottom of the moor, where they were covered by the hedges and -ditches. There were also some hussars in the village, who had just come -from Lowther Hall. - -'About an hour after sunset the King's troops appeared upon the moor, -and three hundred of Colonel Honeywood's dragoons dismounted and -marched forward to attack the rebels, who fired from behind the hedges. -After a few volleys the dragoons were ordered to retire a few paces, -when the highlanders, mistaking this for a flight, rushed forward with -sword and pistol; but were well received by the dragoons, who had -drawn their swords. Now the shouts began, the clashing of swords is -heard, the pistols are fired, and the event seems doubtful. Some of the -rebel's swords broke upon the steel caps of the dragoons, whereupon -they draw their daggers and fight with great obstinacy. - -'Thus they continued for about an hour, when the rebels, observing -the resolution of the dragoons, retired across the ditch with -precipitation, and carried consternation to Penrith. Such was the -skirmish at Clifton, in which twelve of the dragoons were slain and -twenty-four wounded. On the side of the rebels were slain twenty, and -seventy taken prisoners.'--_History of the Rebellion._ - -[26] In April, 1760, Lieut.-Colonel Dalrymple, of the KING'S OWN -DRAGOONS, published an essay dedicated to His Royal Highness the Prince -of Wales (afterwards George III.) on the raising, arming, clothing, -and disciplining of the British cavalry and infantry, in which the -re-introduction of _cuirassiers_ and _lancers_ was recommended. - -[27] The regiment was originally mounted on long-tailed horses; -the fashion of the short dock was introduced a few years after the -Revolution in 1688, but the practice did not become general until about -1709. - -[28] On his appointment his Lady presented to the regiment a silver -collar engraved with military devices to be worn by the kettle drummer. -This ornament is still preserved. - -[29] - - 'To the Right Honourable Lord Viscount Barrington His - Majesty's Secretary at War, &c. &c. &c. - - 'The memorial of Lieut.-General Charles - Fitzroy, Colonel of the Third, King's Own, - Regiment of Dragoons. - - 'REPRESENTS - -'That the sixth trumpeter, being a kettle drummer, is a great -inconveniency, one troop always remaining without a trumpeter: the -kettle drums being a mark of distinction allowed by royal favour, as -it is reported, for having taken them from the enemy at the battle of -Aghrim; your memorialist humbly prays that you will represent it to His -Majesty, that an additional trumpeter may be allowed, as in the Royal -Irish Regiment of Dragoons, and other regiments having kettle drums.' - -N.B. Notwithstanding this document, there is every reason for believing -that the kettle drums were taken at Dettingen, and not at Aghrim. -Every endeavour has been made to discover positive information on the -subject, without success. It appears from official documents that -four pair of kettle drums were captured at Dettingen: but there is no -mention of any kettle drums at Aghrim taken. - -[30] This officer entered the service July 26th, 1768. - -[31] Lieut.-Colonel (now General) Godfrey Basil Mundy, who had been -promoted in 1795, to a lieutenancy in the Third Dragoons, was advanced -to the lieutenant-colonelcy of the regiment on the 2nd July, 1803, -and continued in the command of it until the 2nd July, 1812, when -ill-health obliged him to relinquish the cavalry service, and to -exchange to the infantry. In the year 1804 a collection of standing -orders for the Third King's Own Dragoons was compiled and issued -by Lieutenant Colonel Mundy, in which the duties of every rank of -officer, and non-commissioned officer, as well as private soldier, in -all situations of service, whether at home or abroad, are ably and -minutely defined, and in which the officers and soldiers are urgently -recommended to devote their hours of leisure to the study of the duties -of their profession. This code of discipline was uniformly acted upon -until the departure of the regiment for India in the year 1837, and is -probably maintained in this gallant corps at the present time. - -[32] This is the first instance in which the King's Own took horses -of any colour, but black or brown; even the brown horses had been -transferred. - -[33] The attack was made under the direction of Marshal Soult in -person, who himself endeavoured to gain information from the prisoners. - -[34] Lieut.-Colonel G. B. Mundy was removed to the Second Regiment of -Foot on the 7th July, 1812, and was succeeded in the Third Dragoons by -Lieutenant-Colonel Lord Charles Manners from the Twenty-third Light -Dragoons: Lieut.-Colonel Lord Charles Manners immediately assumed the -command of the Regiment in Spain. - -[35] Colonel Napier's History of the Peninsular War. - -[36] 'The cavalry, under Sir Stapleton Cotton, made a most gallant and -successful charge upon a body of French infantry, which they overthrew -and cut to pieces. In this charge Major-General Le Marchant was -unfortunately killed at the head of his brigade, and I have to regret -the loss of a most able officer.'--_Lord Wellington's Despatch._ - -[37] The loss of the King's Own was small; 1 horse killed, 1 private -and 2 horses wounded. - -[38] Extract of a brigade order issued by General Ponsonby. - - 'Boulogne, July 19th, 1814. - -'Major-General Ponsonby takes this opportunity of expressing to the -brigade the high sense he entertains of their uniformly excellent -conduct, both in quarters and in the field. It is a circumstance as -gratifying to him, as it is creditable to themselves, that, during -the whole period of their service, they have, in no one instance, -collectively or individually, incurred animadversion in general orders, -and that no individual of the brigade has been brought to a general -court-martial. With equal truth the major-general can assert, that -upon every occasion which has presented itself of acting against the -enemy, either regimentally, or in brigade, they have nobly sustained -the superiority of the British cavalry, and fully justified the -high opinion repeatedly expressed of them by His Grace the Duke of -Wellington. The three regiments[52] will ever have to congratulate -themselves on its having fallen to their lot to be in the brigade -employed on the 22nd of July, 1812 (battle of Salamanca), in that -glorious and effectual charge which contributed in so eminent a degree -to decide the fate of the day, and to secure the signal and complete -defeat of the French army.' - -'The major-general concludes by stating, that he has applied to His -Royal Highness the Prince Regent for permission for the three regiments -to bear the word "SALAMANCA" on their standards and appointments, and -to be styled "Salamanca Regiments."' - -[39] At York the regiment received the distinction before alluded to in -the following letter:-- - - 'Horse Guards, Nov. 16th, 1814. - -'My Lord,--I have the honour to acquaint you, that His Royal Highness -the Prince Regent, in the name, and on the behalf of His Majesty, has -been pleased to approve of the Third, or King's Own Dragoons being -permitted to bear on their standards and appointments (in addition to -any other badges or devices which have heretofore been permitted to be -borne by that regiment) the word "SALAMANCA," in commemoration of the -distinguished gallantry displayed by that regiment in the battle fought -on the plains of Salamanca on the 22nd of July, 1812. I have the honour -to be, &c. - - 'HENRY CALVERT, Adjt.-General. - - 'To Lieut.-Col. Lord Charles Manners, } - Commanding the Third (King's Own) Dragoons.' } - -[40] In this year, the regiment received the following letter:-- - - 'Sir, - Horse Guards, 20th September, 1821. - -'I have the honour to acquaint you, by direction of the -Commander-in-Chief, that His Majesty has been pleased to approve of -the Third (or King's Own) regiment of Light Dragoons, bearing on its -standards and appointments, in addition to any badges or devices which -may have heretofore been granted to the regiment, the words "VITTORIA" -and "TOULOUSE," in commemoration of the conduct of the regiment at the -battle of Vittoria, on the 21st of June, 1813, and in the attack of the -position, covering Toulouse, on the 10th of April, 1814. - - 'I have the honour, &c. - 'JOHN MACDONALD, D.A.G. - - 'Officer Commanding the } - 3rd King's Own Light Dragoons.' } - -[41] March 31, 1824. - -'The 3rd Light Dragoons, being about to leave their present quarters -at Hampton Court, His Royal Highness the Duke of Clarence takes this -opportunity of expressing to Major Stisted his approbation of the -uniform and steady good conduct of the regiment, since it has been in -these quarters, and of assuring the King's Own, that they will ever -possess His Royal Highness's best and sincerest wishes for their honour -and welfare.' - -[42] Extract of a letter, dated - - 'My Lord, - 'Pontefract, Aug. 14, 1825. - -'I am directed by Major-General the Honourable W. G. Harris to -announce to your Lordship, that H. R. H. the Commander-in-Chief, and -the Secretary of State for the Home Department, have expressed their -approbation of the conduct of Lieutenant Jebb, and the men composing -the party under his command, when employed in aid of the civil power at -Sunderland, on the 3rd instant. - - 'I have the honour, &c. - 'P. HAY, A.D.C. - - 'Colonel Lord R. Manners.' - -Extract from a letter dated - - 'Sunderland, Aug. 26, 1825. - -'I beg to have the honour of expressing my unqualified approbation -and thanks to the officers and men of the party, for their essential -services in the late riotous and melancholy events, and I derive great -consolation from having received the perfect concurrence of Government, -in the conduct of the military and magistrates, and particularly on the -3rd of August, when it became necessary to fire on the mob, by which -some lives were lost. - - 'I have the honour, &c. - 'T. ROBERTSON, J. P.' - -A most handsome letter was likewise received from the Shipowner's -Society, which, after particularizing the cool and steady conduct -of the embarked party, proceeds to state that "they are confident -that every other individual of the regiment would have acted in a -similar manner." The thanks of the town are also offered to the -non-commissioned officers and privates for their exemplary conduct -during the time of their stay. - -[43] Extract of an order, dated York, May 21st, 1830:-- - -'Major-General Sir H. Bouverie desires Major Stisted will express to -the officers his unqualified approbation of the regiment in every -respect. The appearance of the men, the high condition of the horses, -and the field movements, performed with so much precision and celerity, -reflect the highest credit on every individual. The regiment having -scarcely had an opportunity of assembling for the last three years, and -never having had any good drill-ground, the Major-General desires Major -Stisted to say, that the regiment performed the manœuvres this day as -steady, as correct, and as near perfection as cavalry can be brought, -notwithstanding all the disadvantages it has laboured under for such a -length of time.' - -[44] On the "_Army of the Indus_" being assembled in 1838, for the -purpose of reinstating Shah Shooja-ool-Moolk in the sovereignty of -Cabool, Colonel Thackwell, K.H. (Lieutenant-Colonel of the THIRD light -dragoons), was selected to command the cavalry division, with the local -rank of Major-General, and Cornet Edmund Roche, of that regiment, -was appointed his aide-de-camp. Both served the arduous Affghanistan -campaign, and were present at the capture of the strong and important -fortress of Ghuznee, on the 23rd July, 1839. - -[45] Major-General Pollock's Despatch. - -[46] Major-General Pollock's Despatch. - -[47] Lt.-Colonel Richmond's Despatch. - -[48] Despatch of Major-General McCaskill. - -[49] In narrating the services of the regiments which composed the -_Army of the Sutlej_ in the years 1845 and 1846, it may be desirable -that a brief account be given of the country of the Punjaub, -particularly of the SIKHS, the most powerful of the population. The -important results of the sanguinary and eventful conflicts in the -Punjaub in 1846, following so rapidly on each other, excited the -warmest interest throughout a great part of the world; and the heroic -deeds of the several regiments employed, added another page to the -records of the glorious achievements of the British Army. - -The Punjaub, (Punj, five; aub, water,) deriving its name from the five -rivers which intersect it, is an extensive country to the northwest -of India. The chief of these rivers are the Indus and the Sutlej, by -which and by the lofty Himalayas, the whole of this fine territory is -bounded. At the period of the invasion of India by Alexander the Great, -the Punjaub is stated to have been a wealthy and populous country, -governed by numerous princes, whose subjects were characterised as -brave and warlike. The Sikhs, originally a religious sect, were founded -by Nanac, or Nanaïc, Shah, about four centuries ago; but, in after -years, in order probably to defend their doctrines, they were induced -by Govind, one of their high priests, to unite the warrior with the -priestly character, thus forming a military as well as religious -association, not dissimilar to the Templar Knights of the times of the -Crusades. They, however, for a time almost disappeared; but profiting -by the calamities of the Mogul empire during the last century, the -Sikhs threw off the yoke of Mussulman despotism, their Sirdars or -Chieftains spreading themselves over the country, ruling by might -rather than right, and each acting independently of the other, until -the death of Maha Singh in 1792. His son and successor Runjeet Singh -contrived, however, to make several of the Sirdars acknowledge him -as their leader, and by skilful management, in the course of a short -period, obtained possession of _Lahore_, the principal city of the -_Punjaub_, and eventually of Cashmere, Mooltan, and Peshawur. In the -end all the chiefs submitted to him; thus bringing the whole country, -from the Indus to the Sutlej, under his rule. He was greatly aided in -his views of aggrandisement by the assistance of a few Italian and -French officers, who trained his army upon the European model, and by -their instructions it attained a high degree of discipline, proving -one of the strongest enemies the British had ever contended with in -India. Since the death of Runjeet in 1839, anarchy and confusion -have prevailed; hatred of the English, which his influence checked, -manifested itself, finally inducing the Sikh forces to invade the -British territories, by crossing the Sutlej in great numbers in -December, 1845, actuated as much by the hope of plunder, as by the -desire of conquest. - -[50] Lieutenant Francis, of the ninth lancers, acted as aide-de-camp to -Major-General Sir Joseph Thackwell, commanding the cavalry division, -in succession to Lieutenant Roche, of the THIRD light dragoons, who -was appointed to act as Assistant Quarter-Master-General: Lieutenants -Francis and Roche had their horses wounded at the battle of Sobraon. - -[51] In the active movements performed in these severely contested -battles, it was found that the men of the _Third Light Dragoons_ -afforded an additional proof of their usefulness and bravery, by -bringing up, and assisting in working, the Field-Artillery, in -positions where the guns could be effectively used against the enemy; -thus evincing, that the instruction they had previously received -under the system introduced at the Cavalry Depôt at Maidstone, by -Major-General Brotherton, in 1832, may be successfully applied on field -service. - -[52] _The brigade consisted of the Fifth Dragoon Guards, the Third, and -Fourth Dragoons._ - - - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS - -OF THE - -THIRD, OR THE KING'S OWN REGIMENT - -OF - -LIGHT DRAGOONS. - - -CHARLES, DUKE of SOMERSET, K.G. - -_Appointed 2nd August, 1685._ - -This nobleman succeeded to the title of DUKE of SOMERSET on the decease -of his brother, who was murdered at Lerice, in Italy, on the 20th of -April, 1678. He was elected a Knight of the Garter in April, 1684, and -was one of the privy councillors who signed the proclamation of the -accession of King James II., on the 6th of February following. Being -Lord-Lieutenant of Somersetshire at the time of the rebellion of the -Duke of Monmouth, he called out the militia of the county, and was -rewarded for his fidelity to the Crown with the colonelcy of the QUEEN -CONSORT'S Regiment of Dragoons, and the appointment of lord of the -bed-chamber to His Majesty; but was removed from his regiment and court -appointment for refusing to attend a nuncio from Pope Innocent XI. into -the King's presence. At the Revolution in 1688, his grace joined the -Prince of Orange, afterwards William III., during part of whose reign -he presided at the council, and was one of the lords of the regency -when His Majesty made his last visit to the Continent. The Duke of -Somerset was also a privy councillor, and master of the horse during -part of the reign of Queen Anne; and, after Her Majesty's demise, he -was one of the guardians of the realm until the arrival of George I. -from Hanover. He died on the 2nd of Dec., 1748, and was buried in -Salisbury Cathedral: a fine marble monument of his grace was afterwards -placed in the senate-house of the University of Cambridge. - - -ALEXANDER CANNON. - -_Appointed 2nd August, 1687._ - -ALEXANDER CANNON entered the service of the United Provinces of the -Netherlands, and held a commission in one of the English regiments in -Holland, with which he served under the Prince of Orange (afterwards -King William III.), and was promoted to the colonelcy of the corps. -Having arrived in England with his regiment in the summer of 1685, -to assist in suppressing the rebellion of the Duke of Monmouth, he -quitted the Dutch service, and was appointed, by King James II., -Lieutenant-Colonel of the QUEEN'S Dragoons. He was a stanch adherent -to the Court, and was rewarded with the colonelcy of the regiment in -1687; but refusing to take the oath to the Prince of Orange, at the -Revolution in 1688, he was removed from his command. - -Colonel Cannon proceeded to Ireland in 1689, where he was promoted by -King James to the rank of brigadier-general; he was sent with a small -body of men to Scotland, to assist the highlanders in their opposition -to the government of King William III. He was second in command at -the Battle of Killicrankie, and after the fall of Viscount Dundee, he -commanded the Highlanders and Irish. He was reinforced by another body -of troops from Ireland under Brigadier-General Buchan, and remained -in Scotland two years; but being harassed by the King's forces, -and defeated in several skirmishes, the highlanders tendered their -submission to King William, and their commanders followed King James to -France. - - -RICHARD LEVESON. - -_Appointed 31st December, 1688._ - -In the reign of King Charles II. RICHARD LEVESON served as a volunteer -against the Moors at Tangier, in Africa; and on the breaking out of -the rebellion of the Duke of Monmouth in June, 1685, he raised a troop -of dragoons in the county of Middlesex, which troop was eventually -incorporated in the QUEEN'S regiment, now THIRD, or KING'S OWN. In the -summer of 1687, he was promoted to the lieutenant-colonelcy, and having -joined the standard of the Prince of Orange, in November, 1688, he was -advanced, on the 31st of December following, to the colonelcy of the -regiment. He served at the head of the QUEEN'S Dragoons in Ireland; -evinced great personal bravery at the Battle of the Boyne, and on other -occasions, as detailed in the record of the THIRD Light Dragoons; -and acquired celebrity for his ability, activity, and gallantry on -detached services. After the decease of Brigadier-General Villiers, -King William rewarded the brave LEVESON with the command of a corps of -cuirassiers, now second dragoon guards. He served under His Majesty in -the Netherlands, and was promoted to the rank of major-general on the -11th of January, 1696. His decease occurred on the 3rd of March, 1699. - - -THOMAS, LORD FAIRFAX. - -_Appointed 30th January, 1694._ - -LORD FAIRFAX having joined the Prince of Orange at the Revolution in -1688, was appointed lieutenant and lieutenant-colonel in the third -troop of life guards, which gave him the privilege of taking the court -duty of silver stick; he afterwards exchanged to the second troop (now -second regiment) of life guards, from which he was promoted to the -colonelcy of the QUEEN'S dragoons. He retired in the following year, -and was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general in 1702. He died in -January, 1710. - - -WILLIAM LLOYD. - -_Appointed 21st February, 1695._ - -This Officer served with distinction under King William III. in -Ireland and the Netherlands, and was promoted to the colonelcy of the -QUEEN'S Dragoons by purchase, in 1695. He served with his regiment -in Flanders until the peace of Ryswick; was promoted to the rank of -brigadier-general in the spring of 1702; and, commanding a brigade of -infantry under the Duke of Ormond, in the expedition to Spain, was -engaged in the storming of the forts of Vigo. He was subsequently -advanced to the rank of major-general; but obtained permission to -dispose of the colonelcy of his regiment in 1703, to Colonel Carpenter. - - -GEORGE CARPENTER. - -_Appointed 31st December, 1703._ - -GEORGE CARPENTER was born in February, 1657, and when fourteen years -of age he was page to the Duke of Montague in his grace's embassy to -France. In 1672, he entered the army as a private gentleman in the -Duke of York's troop of life guards, which corps was, at that period, -as a school where young gentlemen were qualified for commissions. In -1685 he was appointed troop quarter-master in a newly-raised corps -of cuirassiers, now second dragoon guards; in which regiment he rose -to the rank of cornet in 1687, and afterwards to that of lieutenant, -captain, and lieutenant-colonel. He served with his regiment in -Ireland, and in Flanders and Brabant, and was promoted to the rank -of colonel in the army in 1702. In the following year he purchased -the colonelcy of the QUEEN'S Dragoons and was promoted to the rank of -brigadier-general on the 25th of December, 1705. He proceeded to Spain -in 1706, and serving with the allied army, signalized himself at the -unfortunate battle of _Almanza_ in 1707, where he repeatedly charged -at the head of the British cavalry, and, commanding one of the last -squadrons which left the field, saved the Earl of Galway, many wounded -men, and much of the baggage from falling into the hands of the enemy. -He continued with the army in Spain, acquiring additional honour by -his excellent conduct on all occasions, was promoted to the rank of -major-general in September, 1708, and to that of lieutenant-general -in January, 1710. In the brilliant cavalry action on the plains of -Almanara, on the 27th of July, 1710, he highly distinguished himself, -and was wounded: his spirited conduct on this occasion, procured him -the thanks of King Charles III. of Spain, afterwards Emperor of the -Romans, who was with the army. He acquired fresh laurels at Saragossa -and wrote an interesting account of that battle, which was published -at the time. After advancing to Madrid, the army retreated to Valencia -and Catalonia, and Lieutenant-General Carpenter was with the division -under General Stanhope, which halted at the little walled town of -Brihuega, in the mountains of Castile, and was there surrounded and -made prisoners by the French army. On this occasion he was wounded by -a musket-ball, which, having broken part of his jaw, lodged itself -under the root of his tongue, where it remained several months before -it could be extracted, during which time his life was in danger, and he -suffered great pain. - -In the spring of 1715, he was appointed envoy extraordinary and -plenipotentiary to the court of Vienna. During the rebellion of the -Earl of Mar, he commanded a detached corps, prevented the insurgents -obtaining possession of Newcastle-on-Tyne, and afterwards, joining -Major-General Wills, took a division of the rebel army prisoners, -at Preston, in Lancashire. He was rewarded with the appointment of -governor of Minorca and Port Mahon, and commander of the forces in -Scotland; and in May, 1719, he was advanced to the peerage of Ireland -by the title of BARON CARPENTER of Killaghy in the county of Kilkenny. - -LORD CARPENTER was many years a member of Parliament, first for -Whitchurch in Hampshire, and afterwards for the city of Westminster. -He published a highly useful work entitled 'A Dissertation on the -Manœuvres of Cavalry.' After serving the Crown a period of nearly sixty -years, in the reign of six successive sovereigns, he died, on the 10th -of February, 1732, in the seventy-fifth year of his age, and was buried -at Ouselburg in Hampshire, where a monument was erected to his memory. -He was ancestor of the Earls of Tyrconnel. - - -PHILIP HONEYWOOD. - -_Appointed 29th May, 1732._ - -PHILIP HONEYWOOD entered the army in 1694, and served under King -William III.; he subsequently served Her Majesty Queen Anne, and became -an efficient officer under the celebrated JOHN, DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. -Having attained the rank of lieutenant-colonel in the thirty-third -foot, on the 27th of May, 1709, he was promoted to the colonelcy of the -92nd regiment, which was disbanded in 1712. In 1715 he was commissioned -to raise, form, and discipline a regiment of dragoons, (now the -eleventh light dragoons), which he executed with ability, and was -afterwards instrumental in the suppression of the rebellion of the Earl -of Mar. In 1719 he commanded a brigade under Lord Cobham at the capture -of Vigo and Rondondella in Spain. On the 29th of May, 1732, he was -removed to the command of the THIRD dragoons, which he retained until -promoted to the King's Own regiment of horse in 1743. In 1742 a British -force was sent to Flanders, under General Honeywood, who held the chief -command of the troops, until the arrival of the Earl of Stair. At the -battle of Dettingen one division of the army was commanded by this -distinguished officer, and he led the royal horse guards and the King's -horse to the charge with great gallantry. He served in the subsequent -campaigns on the continent with distinction, and with the approbation -of his sovereign, by whom he was advanced to the dignity of a Knight -of the honourable order of the Bath. He died in 1752, and was interred -with military honours at Portsmouth, of which place he was governor at -the time of his decease. - - -HUMPHREY BLAND. - -_Appointed 18th April, 1743._ - -HUMPHREY BLAND served several campaigns on the continent under -the celebrated JOHN, DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. He afterwards served as -lieut.-colonel in Spain, and in 1710 was wounded at the battle of -Almanara. In 1715 he was appointed lieut.-colonel to the eleventh -dragoons, and was afterwards lieut.-colonel of the second horse, now -first dragoon guards. In 1737 he was promoted to the colonelcy of the -thirty-sixth foot, from which he was removed in 1741, to the thirteenth -dragoons, and two years afterwards to the KING'S OWN dragoons. He had -his horse shot under him at Dettingen; displayed great gallantry at -Fontenoy, and highly distinguished himself at the battle of Culloden. -In 1752 he was removed to the first dragoon guards; and died in the -following year. - - -JAMES, LORD TYRAWLEY. - -_Appointed 8th July, 1752._ - -THE HON. JAMES O'HARA was appointed lieutenant in the royal regiment -of fusiliers, commanded by his father, on the 15th of March, 1703, and -in 1706 he proceeded with his regiment to the relief of Barcelona. -In the following year he was aide-de-camp to the Earl of Galway, -whose life he is reported to have saved at the unfortunate battle of -Almanza, by interposing between his lordship and a dragoon, whom he -shot with his pistol, but was, himself, wounded by the dragoon. He -served several years at Minorca, and in 1713 obtained the colonelcy of -the royal fusiliers, in succession to his father, at whose decease, -in 1733, he succeeded to the dignity of BARON TYRAWLEY. The rank -of brigadier-general was conferred on his lordship on the 23rd of -November, 1735; that of major-general on the 2nd of July, 1739; and in -August, of the latter year, he was removed from the royal fusiliers -to the fifth horse, now fourth dragoon guards. In March, 1743, he was -promoted to the rank of lieutenant-general, and in the following month -obtained the colonelcy of the second troop of horse grenadier guards, -from which he was removed in 1745 to the third troop of life guards, -which gave him the privilege of taking the court duty of gold stick. -In 1746, when King George II. had resolved to disband the third and -fourth troops of life guards, his lordship was removed to the tenth -foot: he was again removed, in 1749, to the fourteenth dragoons; in -1752, to the THIRD or KING'S OWN regiment of dragoons; and in 1755, to -the second, or Coldstream regiment of foot guards. He was appointed -governor of Portsmouth on the 1st of May, 1759, and was promoted to -the rank of general on the 7th of March, 1761. He held the appointment -of governor of Minorca for several years; was employed as envoy and -ambassador to the courts of Portugal and Russia; and died at Twickenham -on the 13th of July, 1773. - - -GEORGE, EARL OF ALBEMARLE. - -_Appointed 8th April, 1755._ - -VISCOUNT BURY commenced his military service as ensign in the second -foot guards in 1738; in 1741 he was captain-lieutenant in the royal -dragoons; in 1743 he held the same rank in his former regiment; and -on the 27th of May, 1745, he obtained the commission of captain and -lieut.-colonel in the same corps. He was aide-de-camp to the Duke of -Cumberland at the battle of Fontenoy; also attended His Royal Highness -at the battle of Culloden,--was sent with the news of that victory -to London, and was immediately afterwards appointed aide-de-camp to -the King with the rank of colonel. The colonelcy of the twentieth -foot was conferred on his lordship on the 1st of November, 1749. In -1754 he succeeded to the title of EARL OF ALBEMARLE; and obtained -the colonelcy of the KING'S OWN dragoons in the succeeding year. -The rank of major-general was conferred on his lordship in 1756, -and that of lieut.-general in 1759. In 1761 he was a member of the -privy council and governor of the island of Jersey; and in 1762, he -commanded the land forces employed in the reduction of the Havannah; -in the performance of which service he acquired great reputation, and -his conduct called forth the approbation of his sovereign and of the -British nation. He was elected a Knight of the Garter in 1766; and died -in 1772. - - -CHARLES, LORD SOUTHAMPTON. - -_Appointed 20th October, 1772._ - -LORD CHARLES FITZROY, brother of Augustus-Henry, Duke of Grafton, -choosing a military life, obtained the commission of ensign in the -first foot guards on the 16th of March, 1752. In 1756 he was promoted -to the rank of lieutenant, and in 1758 obtained the command of a -company with the rank of lieut.-colonel. In 1762 he was promoted -to the colonelcy of the 119th, or Prince's Own, regiment of foot, -which was disbanded after the peace of Fontainbleau. The colonelcy -of the fourteenth dragoons was conferred on his lordship on the -11th of September, 1765, and in 1772 he was promoted to the rank of -major-general and removed to the KING'S OWN dragoons. He was further -promoted to the rank of lieut.-general in 1777; advanced to the peerage -by the title of LORD SOUTHAMPTON in 1780; and promoted to the rank of -general in 1793. He died on the 21st of March, 1797. - - -FRANCIS LASCELLES. - -_Appointed 23rd March, 1797._ - -This Officer was appointed on the 13th of December, 1761, captain in -the seventeenth light dragoons, then commanded by captain-commandant -Lord Aberdour. In June, 1764, he was appointed major of the eighth -dragoons, and in May, 1768, obtained the lieut.-colonelcy of the -regiment, from which he was removed on the 8th of May, 1780, to -the lieut.-colonelcy of the KING'S OWN dragoons. He was appointed -major-general in 1782; colonel of the eighth dragoons in 1789; and -lieut.-general on the 12th of October, 1793. After the decease of Lord -Southampton the colonelcy of the KING'S OWN dragoons was conferred on -Lieut.-General Lascelles, who was also groom of the bed-chamber to King -George III.; and was advanced to the rank of general in 1798. He was -highly respected by the officers of the regiment, and was distinguished -for easy dignity, manliness, and good sense. He died in 1799. - - -SIR CHARLES GREY, K.B. - -_Appointed 4th September, 1799._ - -CHARLES GREY, fourth son of Sir Henry Grey, Baronet, entered the army -in the reign of King George II., and was promoted to the command of a -company in the twentieth foot on the 31st of May, 1755. In 1758 his -regiment proceeded to Germany, and he was appointed aide-de-camp to the -Duke of Brunswick, in which capacity he served in 1759 at the glorious -battle of Minden, where he was wounded. In 1761, he was appointed -lieut.-colonel commandant of the ninety-eighth regiment, which was -then newly-raised, and was disbanded after the peace of Fontainbleau, -when he was placed on half-pay. In 1772 he was promoted to the rank of -colonel, and appointed aide-de-camp to King George III., who conferred -on him the colonelcy of the twenty-eighth foot in March, 1777, and -promoted him to the rank of major-general in August following. In 1782 -he obtained the dignity of a knight of the Bath; was promoted to the -rank of lieut.-general, and appointed commander-in-chief in America; -but the war was terminated before he had an opportunity of proceeding -thither. In 1787 he was removed to the eighth dragoons; and in 1789 -he obtained the colonelcy of the seventh or Princess Royal's dragoon -guards. - -In 1793 Sir Charles Grey was appointed to the command of an expedition -to the West Indies; but while the armament was preparing the Duke of -York raised the siege of Dunkirk, and the French menaced Ostend and -Nieuport. The troops sailed for Flanders, and by his timely arrival -Sir Charles Grey preserved the two fortresses from the power of the -enemy. He subsequently proceeded to the West Indies, and the islands -of Martinico, St. Lucia, and Guadaloupe were captured: and his -services were recompensed with the government of Dumbarton, and the -colonelcy of the twentieth, or Jamaica, regiment of light dragoons, by -commission dated the 4th of November, 1795. After his return to England -he was promoted to the rank of general, sworn of the privy-council, -reappointed colonel of the eighth dragoons, and placed in command of -the troops stationed in the southern district, to repel the projected -French invasion. In 1799 he was appointed colonel of the THIRD, or -KING'S OWN dragoons. At length, being worn out with age and active -service, he retired to his country seat to pass the remainder of his -days in the bosom of his family. His services were not forgotten by his -sovereign, who created him BARON GREY DE HOWICK in 1801; and advanced -him, in 1806, to the dignity of Viscount Howick and EARL GREY: he held -also the government of the island of Guernsey. His decease occurred on -the 14th of November, 1807, at his seat called Fallowden, near Alnwick, -in Northumberland. - - -WILLIAM CARTWRIGHT. - -_Appointed 28th November, 1807._ - -This Officer was appointed cornet in the tenth dragoons on the 22nd of -February, 1769, lieutenant in 1775, captain-lieutenant in the THIRD -dragoons in 1778, and exchanged in 1779 to the tenth dragoons, of which -corps he was appointed major in 1786, and lieut.-colonel in 1793. The -high condition of the tenth was a proof of his care and attention to -all the duties of commanding officer; and in 1796 he was appointed -colonel in the army, and aide-de-camp to King George III. Having been -promoted to the rank of major-general in April, 1802, he was employed -on the staff of South Britain during the succeeding six years, first in -the inspection of cavalry regiments in the western district, afterwards -in the command of the cavalry on the coast of Kent, in the command -of the cavalry in the home district, and subsequently in the command -of a brigade of cavalry in Kent, designed for foreign service. In -1804 he was promoted from the lieut.-colonelcy of the tenth, to the -colonelcy of the twenty-third dragoons, and in 1807 he obtained the -colonelcy of the KING'S OWN dragoons. He was advanced to the rank of -lieut.-general in 1808, to that of general in 1819, and in 1821 he was -removed to the colonelcy of the King's dragoon guards. He was a member -of the consolidated board of general officers: his decease occurred in -February, 1827. - - -STAPLETON COTTON, VISCOUNT COMBERMERE, G.C.B., and G.C.H. - -_Appointed 25th January, 1821._ - -STAPLETON COTTON entered the army in 1790 as second lieutenant in the -royal Welsh fusiliers. His services, in command of a troop of the -sixth dragoon guards under the Duke of York in Flanders, under General -Harris in the East Indies, at the Cape of Good Hope, under the Duke of -Wellington in command of a brigade of cavalry at Talavera, in command -of the British cavalry at Fuentes d'Onor, Salamanca, Orthes, Toulouse, -&c. &c. &c., were rewarded with the dignity of VISCOUNT COMBERMERE, -grand cross of the military order of the Bath, and grand cross of the -royal Hanoverian Guelphic order. He was appointed to the colonelcy of -the twentieth dragoons in 1813, to that of the KING'S OWN dragoons in -1821, and was removed in 1829, to the first regiment of life guards, of -which corps he has retained the command to the present time. - - -LORD GEORGE THOMAS BERESFORD, G.C.H. - -_Appointed 16th September, 1829._ - -LORD GEORGE BERESFORD entered the service as cornet of the 14th light -dragoons in April, 1794; he was shortly afterwards promoted, and, after -serving in the grades of lieutenant and captain in the infantry, he -obtained, in December, 1800, a majority in the 6th dragoon guards. -In the following three years he was employed with that regiment in -Ireland, and in attending Parliament as a member of the House of -Commons for the county of Waterford, of which he was Custos Rotulorum. -He was promoted to the rank of lieut.-colonel in Dillon's regiment in -1803, and when a second battalion was added to the 71st regiment, under -the Additional Force Act, in the year 1804, Lieutenant-Colonel Lord -George Beresford was selected for the command of it. In July, 1807, -Lord George Beresford reverted to the cavalry branch of the service, -and was appointed to the command of the 2nd, or Queen's Dragoon Guards, -which he retained until his promotion to the rank of major-general -on the 4th June, 1814. On the 16th September, 1829, his Lordship was -appointed to the colonelcy of the THIRD, KING'S OWN, Light Dragoons, -and attained the rank of lieut.-general in the army on the 22nd July, -1830. His Lordship was brother to the late, and uncle to the present, -Marquess of Waterford, and he died at the Palace at Armagh, the -residence of his elder brother, the Lord Primate of Ireland, on the -26th October, 1839. - - -LORD CHARLES SOMERSET MANNERS, K.C.B. - -_Appointed 8th November, 1839._ - - - - -APPENDIX - -TO THE - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF THE - -THIRD, OR THE KING'S OWN, REGIMENT - -OF - -LIGHT DRAGOONS. - - -The following is a list of the Officers of the Third, or the King's -Own, Light Dragoons, showing those who were engaged in the campaign on -the Sutlej in the years 1845 and 1846. - -Copies of Brigadier White's Reports, dated 19th and 25th December, -1845, are annexed, respecting the conduct of the Officers and Men at -the memorable battles of Moodkee and Ferozeshah. - -These testimonials are equally honourable to the Officers and Men, and -to their Commander, Brigadier-General White, by whose talents, bravery -and example, the excellent qualities of the regiment were drawn forth, -which are attested in the strongest terms of commendation, by the -Governor-General and by the Commander-in-Chief, in India, as detailed -in the Historical Record of the services of the Regiment. - -To these reports are added copies of the Votes of Thanks of the House -of Lords, and of the House of Commons; Marks of Honour, which are -conferred only for great and glorious actions, and for special public -services. - -Names and Distribution of the Officers of the Third, "King's Own" Light -Dragoons, during the campaign on the Sutlej, in 1845 and 1846. - - +----------------+---------------------+----------------------------------+ - | Rank. | Names. | Remarks. | - +----------------+---------------------+----------------------------------+ - | Lieut.-Colonel | Colonel Sir Joseph | Commanding the Cawnpore Station | - | | Thackwell, K.C.B. | as Major-General; was present | - | | and K.H. | at Sobraon, where he commanded | - | | | the Cavalry Division. | - | | | | - | " | Col. Michael White | Brigadier commanding the Cavalry | - | | | Division at Moodkee and 1st | - | | | Cavalry Brigade at Ferozeshah, | - | | | where he was wounded. | - | | | Promoted Aide-de-Camp to the | - | | | Queen, with the rank of | - | | | Colonel, on the 3rd April, | - | | | 1846. | - | | | | - | Major | Lieut.-Colonel G. | Absent on leave. Promoted on | - | | H. Lockwood | 9th November, 1846. Rejoined | - | | | on 13th January, 1847. | - | | | | - | " | Lieut.-Col. C. W. | Commanded the regiment at | - | | M. Balders | Moodkee and Ferozeshah until | - | | | wounded on the evening of | - | | | 21st December. | - | | | | - | Captain | J. Tritton | Assistant Adjutant-General of | - | | | the Cavalry Division. Promoted | - | | | in 10th Royal Hussars on 3rd | - | | | April, 1846. | - | | | | - | " | J. W. Yerbury | Absent on leave. Promoted on | - | | | 9th November, 1846. Rejoined | - | | | 5th April, 1847. | - | | | | - | " | J. R. B. Hale | Commanded the regiment on the | - | | | night of the 21st December, | - | | | and during the action of the | - | | | 22nd, _vice_ Major Balders; | - | | | wounded. Promoted to the rank | - | | | of Major on the 3rd April, | - | | | 1846. | - | | | | - | " | Lieut.-Colonel J. | Commanding 2nd Cavalry Brigade; | - | | B. Gough. | severely wounded at Sobraon. | - | | | | - | " | W. Unett | In charge of Depôt Troop at | - | | | Maidstone. Rejoined the | - | | | regiment 4th June, 1846. | - | | | | - | " | Major W. R. Herries | Aide-de-Camp to the | - | | | Governor-General. Killed at | - | | | Moodkee. | - | | | | - | " | J. E. Dyer | Absent on leave. Exchanged to | - | | | the 68th Regiment, on 3rd | - | | | April, 1846. | - | | | | - | " | G. Forbes | In charge of Detachments _en | - | | | route_. Joined the regiment | - | | | in January, 1846, and was | - | | | present at Sobraon. | - | | | | - | " | W. E. F. Barnes | Present with the regiment. | - | | | | - | Lieutenant | J. E. Codd | Promoted Captain on 19th | - | | | December, 1845, _vice_ | - | | | Herries. Killed in action at | - | | | Ferozeshah. | - | | | | - | " | S. Fisher | Major of Brigade of 1st Cavalry | - | | | Brigade; severely wounded at | - | | | Moodkee. Promoted Captain on | - | | | 22nd December, _vice_ Codd. | - | | | | - | " | W. H. Hadfield | In charge of Depôt Service | - | | | Troops at Umballa. Promoted | - | | | 3rd April, 1846. | - | | | | - | " | G. Newton | Killed in action at Moodkee. | - | | | | - | " | J. Martin | At Cavalry Depôt, Maidstone. | - | | | Promoted on 9th November, | - | | | 1846. | - | | | | - | " | E. G. Swinton | Severely wounded at Moodkee. | - | | | | - | " | J. D. Codwell | Present with the regiment. | - | | | | - | " | J. Sullivan, | Appointed Officiating Major of | - | | _Adjutant_ | Brigade of 1st Cavalry Brigade | - | | | on 19th December, _vice_ | - | | | Fisher; wounded. | - | | | | - | " | H. Wood | On leave of absence. Rejoined | - | | | the regiment on 28th June, | - | | | 1846. | - | | | | - | " | E. Roche | Aide-de-Camp to Major-General | - | | | Sir J. Thackwell; afterwards | - | | | Acting Assistant | - | | | Quarter-Master-General. | - | | | Present at Sobraon. | - | | | | - | " | G. Cookes | Appointed Acting Adjutant to the | - | | | regiment, on 19th December, | - | | | _vice_ Sullivan, Acting | - | | | Brigade Major. | - | | | | - | " | C. Bowles | On duty with Invalids. Joined | - | | | the regiment in January, 1846, | - | | | and was present at Sobraon. | - | | | Exchanged to 7th Hussars on | - | | | 27th August, 1846. | - | | | | - | " | J. H. Travers | At Cavalry Depôt, Maidstone. | - | | | Rejoined the regiment on 1st | - | | | July, 1846. | - | | | | - | " | R. Casement | On leave of absence. Rejoined | - | | | the regiment on the 17th | - | | | September, 1846. | - | | | | - | " | E. B. Cureton | Severely wounded at Moodkee. | - | | | | - | " | J. B. Hawkes | Present;--wounded at Sobraon. | - | | | | - | " | T. Penton | Present. | - | | | | - | " | H. C. Morgan | Severely wounded at Ferozeshah. | - | | | | - | " | F. G. Archer Burton | Present with the regiment; | - | | | received a contusion at | - | | | Ferozeshah. | - | | | | - | Cornet | E. Worley | Killed at Moodkee. | - | | | | - | " | H. Ellis | Killed at Forezeshah. | - | | | | - | " | H. W. White | Present. Wounded at Sobraon. | - | | | Promoted on 19th December, | - | | | 1845, _vice_ Lieut. Codd. | - | | | | - | " | J. D. White | Present. Received a contusion at | - | | | Ferozeshah. Promoted on 19th | - | | | December, 1845, _vice_ Lieut. | - | | | Newton. | - | | | | - | " | George Wyndham | Exchanged to 16th Lancers, with | - | | Knight Bruce | Cornet Hodgson, on 31st | - | | | October, and continued on | - | | | service with the 3rd Light | - | | | Dragoons. Killed at Ferozeshah | - | | | on the 21st December, 1845. | - | | | | - | " | J. Rathwell, | Present. Received a contusion at | - | | _Riding-Master_ | Ferozeshah. Promoted on 22nd | - | | | December, 1845, _vice_ Lieut. | - | | | Fisher. | - | | | | - | " | W. H. Orme | Severely wounded at Ferozeshah. | - | | | Promoted on 3rd April, 1846. | - | | | | - | " | C. R. Colt | _En route_ with Detachment; | - | | | joined the regiment in | - | | | February, 1846, and was | - | | | present at Sobraon. Promoted | - | | | on 9th November, 1846. | - | | | | - | " | R. Hodgson | Exchanged from the 16th Lancers | - | | | on 31st October, 1845, with | - | | | Cornet Bruce. Joined the 3rd | - | | | Light Dragoons in January, | - | | | 1846, and was present at | - | | | Sobraon. | - | | | | - | " | G. E. F. Kauntze | Present. Severely wounded at | - | | | Sobraon. | - | | | | - | Paymaster | E. Cormick | Present with the Regiment. | - | | | | - | Adjutant | Lieut. J. Sullivan | Present. | - | | | | - | Quartermaster | A. Crabtree | Present. Wounded at Sobraon. | - | | | | - | Surgeon | J. Henderson (M.D.) | On duty with Invalids. | - | | | | - | Assis. Surgeon | H. Franklin | Present. | - | | | | - | " " | F. Laing (M.D.) | Present. | - | | | | - | Vet. Surgeon | G. Edlin | Present. | - +----------------+---------------------+----------------------------------+ - -It is worthy of being recorded, that many of the Non-Commissioned -Officers and Men, who were wounded in the different engagements, -concealed the fact, that they might have an opportunity of sharing in -any further Actions in which the regiment might be engaged. Amongst -others, Troop Serjeant-major WALTER ELDRIDGE, who received a bayonet -wound through the calf of his leg, in charging over the enemy's -entrenched infantry on the evening of the 21st December, never reported -the circumstance, until from lameness, caused by inflammation of the -leg, the brave fellow could no longer conceal it. He was immediately -conveyed to the Hospital, where he died in a few days afterwards. - - - _Copy of a Despatch of Brigadier M. White, C.B., Commanding - the Cavalry Division on the 18th December, 1845, to the - Adjutant-General of the Army in India._ - - Camp, Moodkee, 19th December, 1845. - - SIR, - -In forwarding the accompanying return of the casualties which occurred -in the Cavalry Division under my command in the Action of yesterday, -I have the honour to state, for the information of His Excellency the -Commander-in-Chief, that the whole of the regiments engaged performed -their duty to my entire satisfaction; but, consequent on the nature of -the ground and the numerous bodies of both Cavalry and Infantry that -were opposed to them, I regret to say the loss has been very heavy, -more particularly in Her Majesty's 3rd Light Dragoons, who bore the -brunt of the Action. - -I further beg to bring to the notice of His Excellency, that -Captain Tritton of Her Majesty's 3rd Light Dragoons, my Assistant -Adjutant-General, captured one of the enemy's Standards with his own -hands, which he has delivered over to me as Commanding the Cavalry -Division. - -It has also been reported to me by Lieutenant and Adjutant Sullivan of -Her Majesty's 3rd Light Dragoons, that Serjeant Hinds, and a party of -six or seven men of the regiment, succeeded in capturing two of the -enemy's Guns, after cutting down the whole of the armed party who were -with them. The Guns were marked by order of Lieutenant Sullivan, who -can identify them. - -I have in conclusion to add, that the undermentioned Officers afforded -me every assistance, and conducted themselves throughout the Action to -my entire satisfaction, and I beg to bring them to His Excellency's -favourable notice:-- - - Brigadier Gough, C.B., Her Majesty's 3rd Light Dragoons. - - Brigadier Mactier, 4th Native Cavalry (Lancers). - - Major Balders, Commanding 3rd Light Dragoons. - - Captain Dawkins, Commanding Governor-General's Body-Guard. - - Major Alexander, Commanding 5th Light Cavalry. - - Captain Nash, Commanding 4th Light Cavalry. - - Captain Christie, Commanding 4th Irregular Cavalry. - - Captain Tritton, Assistant Adjutant-General of Cavalry. - - Captain Quin, Deputy Quarter Master-General of Cavalry. - - Lieutenant Fisher, Brigade-Major. - - Captain Harrington, Brigade Major. - - Captain Wyld, Brigade Major. - -I trust I may also be permitted to name Lieutenant and Adjutant -Sullivan, Her Majesty's 3rd Light Dragoons, who rendered me most -essential service, independent of his regimental duties, throughout the -action. - - I have, &c., - - M. WHITE, - - _Lieut.-Col. 3rd Light Dragoons, - Brigadier Commanding Cavalry Division, - Army of the Sutlej_. - - - _Copy of a Despatch from Brigadier M. White, C.B., Commanding the - Cavalry Division, to the Adjutant-General of the Army in India._ - - Camp, Ferozeshah, 25th December, 1845. - - SIR, - -In compliance with instructions contained in the General Order by His -Excellency the Commander-in-Chief of yesterday's date, I have the -honour to report on the operations of the Cavalry Division under my -command during the Actions of the 21st and 22nd instant, as far as came -under my personal observation, and have the gratification to state, for -His Excellency's information, that every Individual of Her Majesty's -3rd Light Dragoons, both Officers and Men, performed their duty with -the highest credit to themselves and their country. This I had an -opportunity of witnessing, having charged at the head of the regiment -myself through a battery of the enemy's guns which met us with a most -galling fire of grape, and over their infantry entrenched in front of -their camp. This charge was a most gallant and successful one, as we -succeeded in completely driving the enemy from their guns, though, I -regret to say, our loss on this occasion has been very severe, both in -Officers and Men, as will be seen by the Casualty Return of the Corps. - -I beg to bring to his Excellency's favourable notice the merits of the -following Officers who gallantly led the regiment into action:--Major -Balders, Commanding; Captain Tritton, Assistant Adjutant-General; -Lieutenant Sullivan, Officiating Major of Brigade; Captain Havelock, -and Brigade Major Wyld of the 4th Lancers; the two latter Officers were -at the time acting under my orders, and charged with the regiment. - -I beg to add, that Major Balders having been wounded in the charge, -the command devolved on Captain Hale, who brought the regiment out of -Action. - -During the 22nd, the brigade immediately under my command was engaged -manœuvring during the whole of the day, sometimes for the protection -of our own Artillery, and at others, with a view of cutting off the -enemy's retreat, and capturing their few remaining guns; in the latter -we were not successful, as, with the exception of about a squadron of -Her Majesty's 3rd Light Dragoons and the 4th Regiment of Lancers, the -whole of the Cavalry had been withdrawn off the field. On this day -our loss was comparatively small, having lost a few Non-Commissioned -Officers and Men, and having two Officers' chargers killed by round -shot, one of which was Lieutenant Sullivan's, my officiating Major of -Brigade, being the third horse shot under him during the Actions of the -18th, 21st, and 22nd December. - - I have, &c., - - M. WHITE, - - _Lieut.-Col. 3rd Light Dragoons, - Brigadier Commanding Cavalry Division, - Army of the Sutlej_. - - -_Extracts from Minutes of Proceedings of the House of Lords.--2nd -March, 1846._ - -"Order of the day read, _Moved_ to resolve,--That the Thanks of this -House be given to the Right Honourable Lieutenant-General Sir Henry -Hardinge, Governor-General of India, Knight Grand Cross of the Order -of the Bath, for the energy and ability with which he directed the -military means at his disposal, to the repelling of the unprovoked -invasion by the Sikh Army, of the dominions of the British Government, -and of the Protected States upon the left bank of the Sutlej; and also -for the firmness and gallantry with which he directed the operations of -that portion of the Army under his immediate command, in the afternoon -and night of December 21st, 1845, and on the morning of the 22nd, upon -which occasion the enemy's defences were carried by storm, the greater -part of their Artillery captured, and their subsequent attempts to -regain what they had lost repeatedly defeated. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_, _Nemine dissentiente_." - -"Then it was _moved_ to resolve,--That the Thanks of this House be -given to General Sir Hugh Gough, Baronet, Knight Grand Cross of the -Order of the Bath, Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in the East Indies, -for the distinguished valour with which he directed and led the -several attacks upon the enemy, and for the eminent services rendered -by him in the Battles of the 18th, 21st, and 22nd of December, 1845; -displaying, as he did, in conjunction with the Governor-General, a -brilliant example to the Troops of perseverance and courage in critical -circumstances, and of irresistible ardour in the several attacks made -upon the enemy. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_, _Nemine dissentiente_." - -"Then it was _moved_ to resolve,--That the Thanks of this House be -given to Major-General Sir Henry George Smith, Knight Commander of the -Order of the Bath, to Major-General Walter Raleigh Gilbert, and to -Major-General Sir John Hunter Littler, Knight Commander of the Order -of the Bath, and to the several Officers, European and Native, under -their command, for the eminent services rendered by them in the recent -arduous and successful operations. - -"On Question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_, _Nemine dissentiente_." - -"Then it was _moved_ to resolve,--That the Thanks of this House be -given to the Non-Commissioned Officers and Private Soldiers, European -and Native, for the perseverance and fortitude maintained by them at -Moodkee, on the 18th December, 1845, and for the daring valour with -which they forced the enemy's entrenchments at Ferozeshah on the 21st -and 22nd of December, captured most of his guns, and finally compelled -the Sikh Army, of greatly superior numbers, to retire within their -own frontier; and that this Resolution be signified to them by the -Commanders of the several Corps. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_, _Nemine dissentiente_." - -"Then it was _moved_,--That the said Resolutions be transmitted by -the Lord Chancellor to the Governor-General of India, and that he be -requested to communicate the same to the several Officers referred to -therein. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_." - - -_Extracts from Minutes of Proceedings of the House of Lords.--2nd -April, 1846._ - -"Order of the Day read, _moved_ to resolve,--That the Thanks of -this House be given to Major-General Sir Henry George Smith, Knight -Commander of the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath, for his -skilful and meritorious conduct, when in command of the British Troops -employed against a large portion of the Sikh Army, of greatly superior -numbers; and for the signal valour and judgment displayed by him in -the battle of the 28th of January, 1846, when the enemy's force was -totally defeated, and a new lustre added to the reputation of the -British Arms. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_, _Nemine dissentiente_." - -"Then it was _moved_ to resolve,--That the Thanks of this House be -given to the several Officers, European and Native, under the command -of Sir Henry Smith, for the distinguished services rendered by them at -the battle of Aliwal. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_, _Nemine dissentiente_." - -"Then it was _moved_ to resolve,--That this House doth highly approve -of and commend the intrepidity and exemplary discipline displayed -by the Non-Commissioned Officers and Private Soldiers, European and -Native, on the 28th of January 1846, in their attack on the enemy's -position, by which the Sikhs were completely routed and driven in -confusion across the Sutlej, with the loss of all their Artillery and -Military Equipment; and that the same be signified to them by the -Commanders of the several Corps, who are desired to thank them for -their gallant behaviour. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_, _Nemine dissentiente_." - -"Then it was _moved_ to resolve,--That in requesting the -Governor-General of India to communicate these Resolutions to the -several Officers referred to therein, this House desires to acknowledge -the zeal and judgment evinced by the Right Honourable Lieut.-General -Sir Henry Hardinge, Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, -Governor-General of India, and also by General Sir Hugh Gough, Baronet, -Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, Commander-in-Chief of -the Forces in India, in supplying Major-General Sir Henry Smith with -such reinforcements and military means as enabled him, under Divine -Providence, to overcome all the obstacles thrown in his way by a brave -and determined enemy. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_, _Nemine dissentiente_." - -"Then it was _moved_ to resolve,--That the Thanks of this House be -given to the Right Honourable Lieut.-General Sir Henry Hardinge, -Knight Grand Cross of the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath, -Governor-General of India, for the judgment, energy, and ability with -which the resources of the British Empire in India have been applied in -repelling the unjust and unprovoked invasion of the British Territory -by the Sikh Nation; and for the valour and indefatigable exertions -which he displayed on the 10th of February, 1846, at the battle of -Sobraon, when, by the blessing of Almighty God, which we desire most -humbly to acknowledge, this hostile and treacherous invasion was -successfully defeated. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_, _Nemine dissentiente_." - -"Then it was _moved_ to resolve,--That the thanks of this House be -given to General Sir Hugh Gough, Baronet, Knight Grand Cross of the -Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath, Commander-in-Chief of the -Forces in India, for the signal ability and valour with which, upon -the 10th of February, 1846, he directed and led the attack, when the -enemy's entrenchments were stormed, their Artillery captured, their -Army defeated and scattered, and the Punjaub laid open to the advance -of our victorious troops. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_, _Nemine dissentiente_." - -"Then it was _moved_ to resolve,--That the Thanks of this House be -given to Major-General Sir Henry George Smith, Knight Commander of -the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath; Major-General Walter -Raleigh Gilbert; and Major-General Sir Joseph Thackwell, Knight -Commander of the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath; and to the -other Officers, European and Native, for the distinguished services -rendered by them in the eminently successful operations at the Battle -of Sobraon. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_, _Nemine dissentiente_." - -"Then it was _moved_ to resolve,--That this House doth highly approve -of and commend the invincible intrepidity, perseverance, and steady -discipline displayed by the Non-Commissioned Officers and Private -Soldiers, European and Native, on the 10th of February, 1846, by which -the glory of the British Arms has been successfully maintained against -a determined and greatly superior force: and that the same be signified -to them by the Commanders of the several Corps, who are desired to -thank them for their gallant behaviour. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_." - -"Then it was _moved_,--That the said Resolutions be transmitted by -the Lord Chancellor to the Governor-General of India, and that he be -requested to communicate the same to the several Officers referred to -therein. - -"On question, _Resolved_ in the _Affirmative_." - - -_Extracts from the Votes and Proceedings of the House of Commons.--2nd -March, 1846._ - - -MILITARY OPERATIONS ON THE SUTLEJ. - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That the Thanks of this House be -given to the Right Honourable Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Hardinge, -Governor-General of India, Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, -for the energy and ability with which he directed the military means at -his disposal, to the repelling of the unprovoked invasion by the Sikh -Army of the dominions of the British Government, and of the Protected -States upon the left bank of the Sutlej; and also for the firmness and -gallantry with which he directed the operations of that portion of the -army under his immediate command, in the afternoon and night of 21st -December, 1845, and on the morning of the 22nd, upon which occasion -the enemy's defences were carried by storm, the greater part of their -artillery captured, and their subsequent attempts to regain what they -had lost, repeatedly defeated." - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That the Thanks of this House -be given to General Sir Hugh Gough, Baronet, Knight Grand Cross of -the Order of the Bath, Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in the East -Indies, for the distinguished valour with which he directed and led the -several attacks upon the enemy, and for the eminent services rendered -by him in the battles of the 18th, 21st, and 22nd of December, 1845, -displaying, as he did, in conjunction with the Governor-General, a -brilliant example to the Troops of perseverance and courage in critical -circumstances, and of irresistible ardour in the several attacks made -upon the enemy." - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That the Thanks of this House -be given to Major-General Sir Henry George Smith, Knight Commander of -the Order of the Bath, to Major-General Walter Raleigh Gilbert, and to -Major-General Sir John Hunter Littler, Knight Commander of the Order -of the Bath, and to the several Officers, European and Native, under -their command, for the eminent services rendered by them in the recent -arduous and successful operations." - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That the Thanks of this House be -given to the Non-Commissioned Officers and Private Soldiers, European -and Native, for the perseverance and fortitude maintained by them at -Moodkee, on the 18th of December, 1845, and for the daring valour with -which they forced the enemy's entrenchments at Ferozeshah on the 21st -and 22nd of December, captured most of his guns, and finally compelled -the Sikh Army, of greatly superior numbers, to retire within their own -frontier." - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That this Resolution be signified -to them by the Commanders of the several Corps." - -"_Ordered_,--That the said Resolutions be transmitted by Mr. Speaker to -the Governor-General of India, and that he be requested to communicate -the same to the several Officers referred to therein." - - -_Extracts from the Votes and Proceedings of the House of Commons.--2nd -April, 1846._ - - -BATTLE OF ALIWAL. - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That the Thanks of this House -be given to Major-General Sir Henry George Smith, Knight Commander of -the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath, for his skilful and -meritorious conduct when in command of the British Troops employed -against a large portion of the Sikh Army, of greatly superior numbers; -and for the signal valour and judgment displayed by him in the battle -of Aliwal, on the 28th of January, 1846, when the enemy's force was -totally defeated, and new lustre added to the reputation of the British -Arms." - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That the Thanks of this House be -given to the several Officers, European and Native, under the command -of Sir Henry Smith, for the distinguished services rendered by them at -the battle of Aliwal." - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That this House doth highly -approve of, and commend, the intrepidity and exemplary discipline -displayed by the Non-commissioned Officers and Private Soldiers, -European and Native, in the battle of Aliwal, on the 28th of January, -1846, in their attack on the enemy's position, by which the Sikhs were -completely routed, and driven in confusion across the Sutlej; with the -loss of all their Artillery, and Military Equipment; and that the same -be signified to them by the Commanders of the several Corps, who are -desired to thank them for their gallant behaviour." - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That, in requesting the -Governor-General of India to communicate these Resolutions to -the several Officers referred to therein, this House desires to -acknowledge the zeal and judgment evinced by the Right Honourable -Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Hardinge Knight Grand Cross of the Most -Honourable Military Order of the Bath, Governor-General of India; and -also by General Sir Hugh Gough, Baronet, Knight Grand Cross of the -Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath, Commander-in-Chief of -the Forces in India, in supplying Major-General Sir Henry Smith with -such reinforcements and military means as enabled him, under Divine -Providence, to overcome all the obstacles thrown in his way by a brave -and determined enemy." - -"_Ordered_,--That the said Resolutions be transmitted by Mr. Speaker to -the Governor-General of India, and that he be requested to communicate -the same to the several Officers referred to therein."--(_Sir Robert -Peel._) - - -BATTLE OF SOBRAON. - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That the Thanks of this House be -given to the Right Honourable Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Hardinge, -Knight Grand Cross of the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath, -Governor-General of India, for the judgment, energy, and ability, -with which the resources of the British Empire in India have been -applied, in repelling the unjust and unprovoked invasion of the British -Territory by the Sikh Nation; and for the valour and indefatigable -exertions which he displayed on the 10th of February, 1846, at the -battle of Sobraon, when, by the blessing of Almighty God, which we -desire most humbly to acknowledge, this hostile and treacherous -invasion was successfully defeated." - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That the Thanks of this House be -given to General Sir Hugh Gough, Baronet, Knight Grand Cross of the -Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath, Commander-in-Chief of the -Forces in India, for the signal ability and valour with which, in the -battle of Sobraon, upon the 10th of February, 1846, he directed and -led the attack, when the enemy's entrenchments were stormed, their -artillery captured, their army defeated and scattered, and the Punjaub -laid open to the advance of our victorious Troops." - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That the Thanks of this House -be given to Major-General Sir Henry George Smith, Knight Commander -of the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath, Major-General -Walter Raleigh Gilbert, and Major-General Sir Joseph Thackwell, Knight -Commander of the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath; and to the -other Officers, European and Native, for the distinguished services -rendered by them in the eminently successful operations at the battle -of Sobraon." - -"_Resolved_, _Nemine contradicente_,--That this House doth highly -approve of, and commend, the invincible intrepidity, perseverance, -and steady discipline displayed by the Non-Commissioned Officers and -Private Soldiers, European and Native, in the battle of Sobraon, on -the 10th of February, 1846, by which the glory of the British Arms has -been successfully maintained against a determined and greatly superior -force; and that the same be signified to them by the Commanders of -the several Corps, who are desired to thank them for their gallant -behaviour." - -"_Ordered_,--That the said Resolutions be transmitted by Mr. Speaker to -the Governor-General of India, and that he be requested to communicate -the same to the several Officers referred to therein."--(_Sir Robert -Peel._) - - London:--Printed by WILLIAM CLOWES and SONS, Stamford Street, - For Her Majesty's Stationery Office. - - LONDON:--PRINTED BY W. CLOWES & SONS, STAMFORD STREET, - FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. - - - - - - TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES - - - Silently corrected simple spelling, grammar, and typographical - errors. - - Retained anachronistic and non-standard spellings as printed. - - Enclosed italics font in _underscores_. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Third, Or the -King's Own Regiment of Light Dragoons, by Richard Cannon - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK KING'S OWN REGIMENT LIGHT DRAGOONS *** - -***** This file should be named 50421-0.txt or 50421-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/0/4/2/50421/ - -Produced by Richard Tonsing, Brian Coe and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -book was created from images of public domain material -made available by the University of Toronto Libraries -(http://link.library.utoronto.ca/booksonline/).) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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