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| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 19:05:31 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 19:05:31 -0700 |
| commit | 14e31ccb5e6688476f56fef42dfa4a42c780fae1 (patch) | |
| tree | b371205bce143476d0a806d3b50cb62bb743f771 /46630-pdf.pdf | |
Diffstat (limited to '46630-pdf.pdf')
| -rw-r--r-- | 46630-pdf.pdf | 18852 |
1 files changed, 18852 insertions, 0 deletions
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[(the)-283(origin,)-291(doctrines,)-290(and)-283(the)-283(evidence)-282(of)-283(Christianity)-283(should)-282(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(clearly)-383(understood,)-416(in)-383(order)-382(that)-383(inquiry)-383(may)-383(pursue)-383(a)-382(logical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(consistent)-250(course.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 96.044 0 Td [(\035\024)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Supernatural)-250(Religion,)-250(page)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 134.847 3.959 Td [(1)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -234.688 -18.548 Td [(I)-269(fully)-270(accept)-269(all)-270(the)-269(chief)-270(positions)-269(laid)-270(down)-269(in)-270(this)-269(passage)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(as)-390(an)-389(adequate)-390(statement)-389(of)-390(the)-389(points)-390(at)-389(issue)-390(between)-389(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-445(affirm)-445(and)-445(those)-444(who)-445(deny)-445(that)-445(Christianity)-445(is)-445(a)-444(divine)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(revelation.)-377(A)-293(few)-292(minor)-293(points)-292(require)-293(a)-292(slight)-292(modification,)-303(as)]TJ +0 g 0 G +ET +q +1 0 0 1 46.771 98.681 cm +[]0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S +Q +BT +/F16 5.9776 Tf 52.998 91.869 Td [(1)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.729 -3.809 Td [(My)-329(quotations)-328(throughout)-329(this)-329(work)-328(are)-329(taken)-329(from)-328(the)-329(first)-329(edition.)-486(The)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(passage)-308(here)-308(quoted)-309(is)-308(somewhat)-308(altered)-308(in)-308(the)-308(third)-309(edition,)-322(but)-309(not)-308(so)-308(as)-308(to)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(affect)-250(the)-250(general)-250(meaning.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +63 0 obj << +/Length 4831 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(8)-9255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(incurring)-223(the)-223(danger)-223(of)-223(confusing)-223(ideas)-223(that)-223(ought)-223(to)-223(be)-222(carefully)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinguished.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-373(writer)-373(before)-373(me)-374(also)-373(raises)-373(no)-373(minor)-373(issue.)-619(Although)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-365(work)-364(is)-365(entitled)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 91.66 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Supernatural)-364(Religion,)-394(or)-364(an)-365(inquiry)-364(into)]TJ -96.504 -13.549 Td [(the)-266(reality)-265(of)-266(divine)-265(revelation,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 135.502 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.74 0 Td [(its)-266(object,)-269(which)-265(is)-266(consistently)]TJ -143.242 -13.55 Td [(carried)-371(out)-370(throughout)-371(it,)-401(is)-371(to)-370(impugn)-371(the)-371(historical)-370(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-359(the)-359(Gospels,)-386(and)-359(to)-359(prove)-359(that)-359(the)-359(supernatural)-359(occurrences)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-310(are)-311(recorded)-310(in)-311(them)-310(are)-311(fictitious.)-431(The)-310(title)-311(of)-310(the)-310(work)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-295(have)-295(justified)-295(the)-294(writer)-295(in)-295(assailing)-295(other)-295(portions)-295(of)-294(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Bible;)-477(but)-402(he)-401(clearly)-401(sees)-402(that)-401(to)-401(adopt)-402(this)-401(course)-402(is)-401(only)-401(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(attack)-320(the)-319(outworks)-320(of)-320(Christianity,)-337(and)-319(to)-320(leave)-320(the)-319(key)-320(of)-319(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entire)-202(position)-202(unassailed.)-235(In)-202(doing)-202(so)-202(he)-203(has)-202(pursued)-202(a)-202(far)-202(nobler)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(course)-314(than)-314(that)-313(which)-314(has)-314(been)-314(adopted)-313(by)-314(many)-314(of)-314(the)-313(oppo-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nents)-224(of)-223(the)-224(Christian)-224(faith.)-241(He)-224(has)-224(directed)-223(his)-224(attack)-224(against)-223(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(very)-242(centre)-242(of)-242(the)-242(Christian)-242(position,)-244(the)-242(historical)-483(credibility)-242(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([005])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(the)-232(supernatural)-232(actions)-232(attributed)-232(to)-232(Jesus)-232(Christ)-232(in)-232(the)-231(Gospels,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-339(well)-340(aware)-339(that)-339(a)-340(successful)-339(assault)-339(on)-340(this)-339(position)-339(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(involve)-309(the)-308(capture)-309(of)-308(all)-308(the)-309(outworks)-308(by)-309(which)-308(it)-309(is)-308(supposed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-325(be)-326(protected;)-363(while)-325(it)-325(by)-326(no)-325(means)-325(follows)-326(that)-325(a)-325(successful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assault)-379(on)-380(any)-379(of)-380(the)-379(latter)-379(involves)-380(the)-379(capture)-380(of)-379(the)-379(citadel)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(itself.)-450(This)-317(writer)-316(does)-317(not)-316(take)-317(up)-317(a)-316(bye)-317(question,)-333(but)-317(he)-316(goes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(direct)-387(to)-386(the)-387(foundation)-387(on)-386(which)-387(Christianity)-387(rests.)-660(In)-386(doing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so,)-288(it)-281(must)-280(be)-281(acknowledged)-280(that)-281(he)-280(has)-280(taken)-281(a)-280(straightforward)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(course,)-399(and)-369(one)-369(which)-369(must)-369(bring)-369(the)-369(question)-369(of)-369(the)-368(truth)-369(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(falsehood)-250(of)-250(Christianity)-250(to)-250(a)-250(direct)-250(issue.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(I)-254(fully)-255(agree)-254(with)-255(the)-254(chief)-254(position)-255(taken)-254(in)-255(the)-254(quotation)-254(be-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(fore)-181(us,)-195(that)-182(Christianity)-181(involves)-181(the)-182(presence)-181(of)-181(the)-181(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-297(the)-297(superhuman,)-308(what)-297(in)-297(fact)-296(is)-297(generally)-297(designated)-297(as)-296(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miraculous,)-239(or)-237(it)-237(is)-237(nothing.)-245(To)-237(remove)-237(these)-236(elements)-237(out)-237(of)-236(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pages)-312(of)-313(the)-312(New)-312(Testament,)-328(is)-312(not)-312(to)-313(retain)-312(the)-312(same)-312(religion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-343(to)-344(manufacture)-343(another)-343(quite)-343(different)-344(and)-343(distinct)-343(from)-343(it.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-237(the)-236(first)-237(place,)-239(we)-237(have)-237(the)-236(great)-237(central)-237(figure)-236(in)-237(the)-236(Gospels,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-315(divine)-314(person)-315(of)-315(Jesus)-314(Christ)-315(our)-315(Lord,)-330(and)-315(the)-315(entire)-314(body)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-253(his)-252(actions)-253(and)-253(his)-253(teaching.)-258(He,)-253(although)-253(depicted)-253(as)-252(human,)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +67 0 obj << +/Length 4578 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 321.947 548.934 Td [(9)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -275.176 -30.759 Td [(is)-225(at)-225(the)-225(same)-226(time)-225(depicted)-225(as)-225(superhuman)-225(and)-225(supernatural,)-230(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(merely)-319(in)-318(his)-319(miraculous)-318(works,)-336(but)-318(in)-319(his)-318(entire)-319(character.)-455(To)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(remove)-273(the)-272(divine)-273(lineaments)-273(of)-272(Jesus)-273(Christ)-273(out)-272(of)-273(the)-272(Gospels)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-269(simply)-269(to)-270(destroy)-269(them.)-307(Besides)-270(this,)-274(we)-269(have)-269(a)-269(large)-269(number)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-331(miraculous)-331(actions)-331(attributed)-332(to)-331(him.)-493(These)-331(are)-331(inextricably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interwoven)-241(with)-242(the)-241(entire)-241(narrative,)-243(which,)-243(when)-242(they)-241(are)-241(taken)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(away,)-409(loses)-378(all)-378(cohesion.)-632(Lives)-378(of)-377(Jesus)-378(which)-377(have)-378(been)-377(set)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forth,)-342(deprived)-324(of)-324(their)-324(supernatural)-324(and)-324(superhuman)-323(elements,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-369(in)-370(fact)-369(nothing)-369(better)-370(than)-369(a)-369(new)-370(Gospel)-369(composed)-369(out)-369(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-364(subjective)-365(consciousness)-364(of)-365(the)-729(writers.)-593(Various)-364(attempts)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([006])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(have)-285(been)-285(made)-285(to)-285(pare)-285(down)-285(the)-285(supernatural)-285(and)-284(superhuman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elements)-210(in)-210(the)-210(Gospels)-210(to)-211(the)-210(smallest)-210(possible)-210(dimensions.)-236(Still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-256(obstinately)-255(persist)-256(in)-255(remaining.)-266(If)-256(everything)-255(else)-256(is)-255(struck)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(out)-359(of)-360(the)-359(Gospels,)-387(except)-359(their)-359(moral)-360(teaching,)-386(we)-360(are)-359(left)-359(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-234(presence)-234(of)-234(teaching)-235(which)-234(is)-234(raised)-234(at)-234(an)-234(immense)-234(elevation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(above)-295(the)-295(thoughts)-295(and)-295(conceptions)-295(of)-295(the)-295(age)-295(that)-295(produced)-295(it;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-315(of)-315(a)-315(teacher,)-331(who)-314(while)-315(distinguished)-315(by)-315(the)-315(marks)-315(of)-314(pre-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eminent)-256(holiness)-257(and)-256(greatness)-256(of)-257(mind,)-258(is)-256(also)-256(distinguished)-256(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-270(degree)-270(of)-269(self-assertion)-270(in)-270(his)-270(utterances)-269(of)-270(moral)-270(truth,)-274(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-283(without)-284(parallel,)-292(even)-283(among)-284(the)-283(most)-284(presumptuous)-283(of)-283(men.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Deal)-315(with)-314(the)-315(Gospels)-315(as)-314(we)-315(will,)-331(while)-314(we)-315(allow)-315(any)-314(portions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-238(them)-237(to)-238(remain)-237(as)-238(historical,)-240(we)-237(are)-238(still)-237(in)-238(the)-237(presence)-238(of)-237(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superhuman.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(As)-209(the)-209(narrative)-209(now)-209(stands)-209(it)-209(is)-208(at)-209(least)-209(harmonious.)-237(The)-209(l)1(ofty)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(pretensions)-328(of)-328(the)-328(teacher)-328(bear)-328(the)-328(most)-328(intimate)-328(correlation)-327(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-294(supernatural)-294(and)-295(superhuman)-294(facts)-294(that)-294(are)-294(reported)-294(of)-294(him.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-226(one)-225(are)-226(the)-226(complement)-225(of)-226(the)-226(other.)-241(If)-226(the)-226(facts)-225(are)-226(true,)-230(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lofty)-245(self-assertion)-246(of)-245(the)-246(teacher)-245(is)-246(justified;)-247(if)-245(they)-246(are)-245(not)-245(true,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-223(pretensions)-222(conflict)-223(with)-223(the)-223(entire)-222(conception)-223(of)-223(his)-222(holiness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-323(elevation)-323(of)-324(mind.)-469(The)-323(use)-324(which)-323(a)-323(wide)-323(spread)-323(school)-323(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modern)-251(criticism)-250(so)-251(freely)-251(makes)-251(of)-250(the)-251(critical)-251(dissecting)-250(knife,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-226(the)-226(purpose)-226(of)-226(amputating)-226(the)-226(supernatural)-226(from)-226(the)-226(Gospels,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(can)-334(only)-334(be)-334(attended)-334(by)-334(the)-334(fatal)-334(termination)-334(of)-334(destroying)-333(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entire)-218(Gospels)-218(as)-217(of)-218(the)-218(smallest)-218(historical)-218(value.)-239(It)-218(is)-217(marvellous)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +72 0 obj << +/Length 4572 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(10)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(that)-295(persons)-295(who)-295(retain)-295(any)-295(respect)-295(for)-295(Christianity)-295(as)-295(a)-295(system)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-263(religious)-262(and)-263(moral)-262(teaching,)-266(should)-263(have)-262(attempted)-263(to)-262(throw)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discredit)-218(on)-218(this)-218(element)-218(in)-218(the)-218(Gospels)-218(with)-218(a)-218(view)-218(of)-218(saving)-217(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(remainder.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Nor)-312(is)-312(the)-312(case)-312(different)-312(with)-312(the)-312(other)-312(portions)-312(of)-624(the)-312(New)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -84.711 0 Td [([007])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(Testament.)-561(Christianity,)-379(as)-354(enunciated)-353(by)-354(its)-353(writers,)-380(does)-353(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(profess)-351(merely)-351(to)-350(teach)-351(a)-351(new)-350(and)-351(improved)-351(system)-351(of)-350(moral-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ity.)-509(If)-336(this)-336(was)-336(its)-337(only)-336(pretension,)-358(it)-336(would)-336(certainly)-336(have)-336(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-387(claim)-387(to)-387(be)-387(viewed)-388(as)-387(a)-387(divine)-387(revelation.)-661(In)-387(morals)-387(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(teaching)-341(is)-341(both)-341(unsystematic)-341(and)-342(fragmentary;)-386(though)-341(it)-341(is)-341(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(unquestionable)-323(fact,)-341(that)-323(a)-322(great)-323(system)-323(of)-323(moral)-323(teaching)-322(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-370(deduced)-370(from)-370(the)-370(principles)-370(it)-370(unfolds.)-610(But)-370(if)-370(one)-370(thing)-369(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plainer)-428(than)-429(another)-428(on)-429(the)-428(face)-429(of)-428(the)-429(New)-428(Testament,)-473(it)-428(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-278(the)-278(great)-279(purpose)-278(sought)-278(to)-278(be)-279(effected)-278(by)-278(Christianity)-278(is)-278(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impart)-257(a)-258(new)-257(moral)-258(and)-257(spiritual)-258(power)-257(to)-258(mankind.)-272(It)-257(professes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-233(be,)-236(not)-232(a)-233(body)-232(of)-233(moral)-232(rules,)-236(but)-233(a)-232(mighty)-233(moral)-232(force,)-236(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-304(concentrated)-304(in)-304(the)-304(person)-304(of)-304(its)-304(Founder.)-412(The)-304(acceptance)-303(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-355(had)-354(generated)-354(a)-355(new)-354(power)-355(or)-354(energy,)-381(a)-354(moral)-355(and)-354(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life,)-268(which)-264(raised)-265(those)-264(who)-265(had)-264(embraced)-264(it)-265(above)-264(their)-264(former)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(selves;)-401(and)-350(which)-350(it)-351(professes)-350(to)-350(be)-351(able)-350(to)-350(impart)-351(to)-350(all)-350(time.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(This)-308(supernatural)-307(element,)-322(concentrated)-308(as)-307(I)-308(have)-308(said)-307(that)-308(it)-307(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-263(the)-262(person)-263(of)-262(its)-263(founder,)-266(runs)-262(through)-263(the)-262(entire)-263(epistles,)-265(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(constitutes)-294(their)-293(most)-294(distinguishing)-294(feature.)-381(If)-294(the)-293(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elements)-389(in)-390(the)-389(person)-390(of)-389(Jesus)-390(Christ)-389(be)-390(removed)-389(from)-389(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(teaching)-229(nothing)-229(remains)-230(but)-229(a)-229(number)-229(of)-229(moral)-229(precepts)-229(robbed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(all)-324(their)-323(vitality.)-472(In)-323(one)-324(word,)-342(the)-324(whole)-324(system)-324(of)-323(teaching)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(simply)-250(collapses.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(In)-288(a)-289(similar)-288(manner,)-298(if)-289(we)-288(eliminate)-289(every)-288(thing)-288(supernatural)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(out)-253(of)-253(the)-252(New)-253(Testament,)-254(with)-253(a)-252(view)-253(of)-253(arriving)-253(at)-253(a)-252(residuum)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(truth,)-389(we)-362(are)-361(brought)-362(into)-361(immediate)-362(contact)-361(with)-362(the)-361(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unique)-404(fact)-403(in)-404(the)-404(history)-403(of)-404(man,)-442(the)-404(creation)-403(of)-404(the)-403(Church)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-329(Jesus)-329(Christ,)-348(the)-329(greatest)-328(institution)-329(which)-329(has)-329(ever)-328(affected)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-351(destinies)-351(of)-351(our)-351(race,)-377(and)-351(which)-351(has)-351(for)-351(eighteen)-351(centuries)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exerted)-292(a)-293(most)-292(commanding)-293(influence)-292(on)-293(human)-292(happiness)-292(and)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +76 0 obj << +/Length 4819 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 316.492 548.934 Td [(11)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -269.721 -30.759 Td 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[(of)-306(which)-306(we)-306(did)-306(not)-306(know)-306(the)-306(cause.)-418(But)-306(to)-306(prove)-306(a)-306(miracle)-305(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-228(person)-229(who)-228(consistently)-229(denies)-228(that)-229(he)-228(has)-229(any)-228(evidence)-228(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-361(being)-362(exists)-361(which)-362(is)-361(not)-362(a)-361(portion)-362(of)-361(and)-362(included)-361(in)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(material)-250(universe,)-250(or)-250(developed)-250(out)-250(of)-250(it,)-250(is)-250(impossible.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(Nor)-227(does)-227(the)-228(case)-227(differ)-227(in)-227(any)-228(material)-227(sense)-227(with)-227(pantheism.)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(When)-423(we)-424(have)-423(got)-423(rid)-423(of)-424(its)-423(hazy)-423(mysticism,)-467(and)-423(applied)-423(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-379(clear)-379(principles)-379(of)-378(logic,)-411(its)-379(affirmation)-379(is)-379(that)-379(God)-379(and)-378(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(point)-441(at)-441(issue.)-824(It)-441(is)-441(perfectly)-441(true,)-489(that)-441(a)-441(legitimate)-441(body)-441(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reasoning)-416(may)-416(be)-416(constructed,)-457(if)-416(the)-416(pantheist)-416(or)-416(the)-831(atheist)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([017])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(agrees)-227(to)-228(assume)-227(that)-228(a)-227(God)-227(exists)-228(for)-227(the)-227(purpose)-228(of)-227(supplying)-227(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(basis)-285(for)-286(the)-285(argument.)-356(We)-285(may)-285(then)-286(reason)-285(with)-285(him)-285(precisely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-287(the)-288(same)-287(way)-287(as)-288(we)-287(would)-287(with)-287(a)-288(theist.)-362(But)-287(the)-287(contest)-287(will)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-241(with)-242(one)-241(who)-241(has)-241(clad)-242(himself)-241(in)-241(armour)-242(which)-241(no)-241(weapon)-241(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-237(disposal)-238(can)-237(penetrate.)-246(After)-238(the)-237(strongest)-238(amount)-237(of)-237(histori-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cal)-299(evidence)-299(has)-299(been)-300(adduced,)-311(and)-299(after)-299(all)-299(alleged)-299(difficulties)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-305(been)-305(answered,)-318(he)-305(simply)-305(falls)-305(back)-305(on)-305(his)-305(atheism)-305(or)-304(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pantheism,)-212(which)-202(assumes)-202(that)-202(all)-202(supernatural)-201(occurrences)-202(must)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-335(impossible,)-356(and)-335(therefore)-335(that)-335(alleged)-335(instances)-335(of)-335(them)-334(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(delusions.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +111 0 obj << +/Length 4523 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 316.492 548.934 Td [(19)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -257.765 -30.759 Td [(This)-225(is)-226(not)-226(unfrequently)-225(the)-226(case)-225(in)-226(the)-225(present)-226(controversy.)-241(A)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(considerable)-334(number)-335(of)-334(objections)-334(which)-335(are)-334(urged)-334(against)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supernatural)-318(elements)-318(of)-318(Christianity,)-335(derive)-318(whatever)-317(cogency)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-415(possess)-414(from)-415(the)-414(assumption)-415(that)-414(there)-414(is)-415(a)-414(God)-415(who)-414(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-286(moral)-286(Governor)-286(of)-287(the)-286(universe.)-358(These)-286(are)-286(not)-286(unfrequently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(urged)-178(by)-179(persons)-178(who)-178(deny)-178(the)-179(possibil)1(ity)-179(of)-178(miracles)-178(on)-178(atheistic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-212(pantheistic)-212(grounds.)-237(It)-212(is)-212(perfectly)-212(fair)-212(to)-212(reason)-212(against)-212(Chris-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tianity)-281(on)-282(these)-281(grounds;)-297(it)-282(is)-281(equally)-281(so)-282(for)-281(a)-282(person)-281(who)-281(holds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-347(opinions,)-370(to)-347(attempt)-347(to)-346(prove)-347(that)-346(the)-347(historical)-346(evidence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(adduced)-245(in)-246(proof)-245(of)-245(the)-246(miracles)-245(recorded)-245(in)-246(the)-245(New)-245(Testament)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-378(worthless)-379(as)-378(an)-378(additional)-379(reason)-378(why)-378(men)-379(should)-378(cease)-378(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believe)-223(in)-223(them.)-241(But)-224(it)-223(is)-223(not)-223(conducive)-223(to)-224(the)-223(interests)-223(of)-223(truth)-223(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(urge)-278(objections)-279(which)-278(have)-279(no)-278(reality)-278(except)-279(on)-278(the)-278(supposition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-239(a)-239(God)-238(exists)-239(who)-239(is)-239(the)-238(moral)-239(Governor)-239(of)-239(the)-238(universe,)-241(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(then)-290(to)-289(fall)-290(back)-290(on)-289(reasonings)-290(whose)-290(whole)-289(force)-290(is)-289(dependent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-429(the)-428(data)-429(furnished)-429(by)-429(pantheism)-428(or)-429(atheism.)-786(I)-429(shall)-428(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occasion)-309(to)-310(notice)-309(a)-310(remarkable)-309(instance)-309(of)-310(this)-309(involved)-309(mode)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(reasoning)-250(hereafter.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([018])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -16.004 Td [(I)-476(shall)-477(now)-477(proceed)-477(briefly)-476(to)-477(state)-477(the)-476(mode)-477(in)-477(which)-476(I)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(propose)-327(to)-328(treat)-327(the)-328(present)-327(subject.)-482(The)-328(point)-327(which)-328(I)-327(have)-327(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(defend)-201(is)-201(not)-200(any)-201(conceivable)-201(body)-200(of)-201(miracles)-201(or)-201(their)-200(evidential)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(value,)-256(but)-254(specially)-255(the)-254(supernatural)-255(occurrences)-254(recorded)-255(in)-254(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(New)-266(Testament.)-298(I)-266(must)-266(therefore)-266(endeavour)-266(to)-266(ascertain)-266(what)-265(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-232(extent)-233(of)-232(the)-232(supernaturalism)-232(asserted)-233(in)-232(the)-232(New)-232(Testament,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-223(what)-223(is)-223(the)-222(degree)-223(of)-223(evidential)-223(value)-223(which)-223(its)-223(writers)-222(claim)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-250(it.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-229(has)-228(been)-229(asserted)-229(by)-229(many)-228(writers)-229(that)-229(the)-228(sole)-229(and)-229(only)-228(ev-)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(idence)-266(of)-266(a)-265(revelation)-266(must)-266(be)-266(a)-265(miraculous)-266(testimony.)-297(Whether)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-284(be)-285(so)-284(or)-285(not,)-292(this)-285(is)-284(not)-285(the)-284(place)-284(to)-285(enquire.)-353(But)-284(in)-284(relation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-263(the)-263(present)-263(controversy)-264(the)-263(plain)-263(and)-263(obvious)-263(course)-263(is)-263(to)-263(ask)]TJ 0 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[(the)-278(assertions)-277(of)-278(others,)-285(but)-278(only)-277(for)-278(their)-278(own.)-333(I)-278(must)-277(therefore)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(carefully)-400(consider)-399(what)-400(it)-399(is)-400(that)-400(they)-399(affirm)-400(to)-399(be)-400(proved)-399(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(miracles.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(One)-370(primary)-371(objection)-370(against)-371(the)-370(possibility)-371(of)-370(miracles)-370(is)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(founded)-287(on)-287(that)-287(peculiar)-287(form)-287(of)-287(theoreti)1(c)-287(belief,)-297(which)-286(affirms)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-435(both)-434(philosophy,)-481(science,)-481(and)-434(religion)-435(alike)-434(point)-435(to)-434(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence)-298(of)-299(a)-298(Cause)-298(of)-298(the)-299(Universe,)-310(which)-298(is)-299(the)-298(source)-298(of)-298(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-313(forces)-313(which)-313(exist,)-329(and)-313(of)-313(which)-313(the)-313(various)-313(phenomena)-313(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-257(universe)-257(are)-256(manifestations,)-259(and)-256(designates)-257(this)-257(cause)-257(by)-256(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(name)-309(of)-310(God.)-428(But)-309(while)-310(it)-309(concedes)-309(his)-310(existence,)-324(it)-309(proclaims)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(him)-264(to)-265(be)-264(Unknown)-264(and)-264(Unknowable.)-293(If)-265(this)-264(position)-264(is)-264(correct,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-292(inference)-291(seems)-292(inevitable,)-301(that)-292(any)-291(thing)-292(like)-291(a)-292(real)-291(revela-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tion)-283(of)-284(him)-283(is)-283(impossible.)-700(It)-284(will)-283(be)-283(necessary)-284(therefore)-283(for)-283(me)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([019])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(examine)-250(into)-250(the)-250(validity)-250(of)-250(this)-250(position.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(A)-224(vast)-225(variety)-224(of)-225(arguments)-224(have)-225(been)-224(adduced)-225(both)-224(on)-224(philo-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(sophic)-320(grounds)-320(and)-320(from)-320(the)-320(principles)-320(established)-320(by)-320(physical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(science,)-390(for)-362(the)-362(purpose)-362(of)-362(proving)-362(that)-362(the)-362(occurrence)-362(of)-362(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supernatural)-239(event)-239(is)-240(cont)1(rary)-240(to)-239(our)-239(reason.)-246(If)-240(this)-239(be)-239(true,)-241(it)-239(is)-239(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fatal)-168(objection)-168(against)-167(the)-168(entire)-168(mass)-168(of)-168(supernatural)-167(occurrences)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-392(are)-392(recorded)-392(in)-392(the)-392(New)-392(Testament.)-676(The)-392(most)-392(important)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(points)-250(of)-250(these)-250(reasonings)-250(will)-250(require)-250(a)-250(careful)-250(consideration.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(A)-274(very)-274(important)-274(objection)-274(has)-274(been)-274(urged)-274(against)-274(the)-273(Chris-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(tian)-194(mode)-194(of)-194(conducting)-194(the)-195(argument)-194(from)-194(miracles.)-231(It)-194(is)-194(alleged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-318(it)-318(involves)-318(reasoning)-319(in)-318(a)-318(vicious)-318(circle,)-335(and)-318(that)-318(Christian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apologists)-198(endeavour)-198(to)-199(prove)-198(the)-198(truth)-198(of)-198(doctrines)-198(which)-198(utterly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(transcend)-240(reason)-241(by)-240(miraculous)-241(evidence,)-242(and)-241(then)-240(endeavour)-240(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prove)-245(the)-245(truth)-246(of)-245(the)-245(miracles)-245(by)-245(the)-246(doctrines.)-248(If)-245(this)-245(allegation)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-336(true,)-357(it)-336(is)-336(no)-336(doubt)-336(a)-336(fatal)-335(objection)-336(to)-336(the)-336(argument.)-508(I)-335(shall)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(endeavour)-218(to)-217(show)-218(that)-218(it)-217(is)-218(founded)-218(on)-217(a)-218(misapprehension)-218(of)-217(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entire)-250(subject.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(An)-251(attempt)-251(has)-251(been)-250(made)-251(to)-251(re-affirm)-251(the)-251(validity)-251(of)-250(Hume's)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(argument)-445(that)-445(no)-445(amount)-446(of)-445(evidence)-445(can)-445(avail)-445(to)-445(prove)-445(the)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +119 0 obj << +/Length 4518 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 316.492 548.934 Td [(21)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -269.721 -30.759 Td [(reality)-268(of)-269(a)-268(miracle)-269(unless)-268(the)-268(falsehood)-269(of)-268(the)-269(evidence)-268(is)-268(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miraculous)-448(than)-447(the)-448(alleged)-447(miracle.)-843(It)-448(will)-447(be)-448(necessary)-447(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consider)-439(the)-439(validity)-439(of)-438(the)-439(positions)-439(which)-439(have)-439(been)-438(lately)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assumed)-250(respecting)-250(it.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(A)-286(very)-287(formidable)-286(objection)-287(has)-286(been)-286(urged)-287(against)-286(the)-286(truth)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-300(the)-300(supernatural)-300(occurrences)-300(recorded)-300(in)-300(the)-300(New)-299(Testament)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-214(the)-215(ground)-214(that)-214(the)-214(followers)-215(of)-214(Jesus)-214(were)-214(a)-215(prey)-214(to)-214(a)-214(number)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-356(the)-355(most)-356(grotesque)-355(beliefs)-356(respecting)-356(the)-355(action)-356(of)-355(demons,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-319(that)-318(their)-319(superstition)-318(and)-319(credulity)-318(on)-318(this)-319(point)-318(was)-319(of)-318(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extreme)-301(a)-301(character)-301(as)-301(to)-301(deprive)-301(their)-301(historical)-301(testimony,)-627(on)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([020])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-179(subject)-180(of)-179(the)-179(supernatural)-180(of)-179(all)-180(value.)-226(As)-179(this)-180(objection)-179(is)-179(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(only)-204(one)-205(which)-204(is)-204(widely)-205(extended,)-213(but)-204(has)-205(been)-204(urged)-204(with)-204(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-387(by)-386(the)-387(author)-387(of)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 104.696 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Supernatural)-387(Religion,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 100.272 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.061 0 Td [(I)-386(shall)-387(devote)]TJ -218.872 -13.549 Td [(four)-288(chapters)-289(of)-288(this)-289(work)-288(to)-288(the)-289(examination)-288(of)-289(the)-288(question)-288(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possession)-284(and)-284(demoniacal)-284(action)-285(as)-284(far)-284(as)-284(it)-284(affects)-284(the)-284(present)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(controversy.)]TJ 11.955 -15.186 Td [(The)-305(entire)-305(school)-305(of)-305(modern)-305(unbelief)-305(found)-305(a)-305(very)-305(consider-)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(able)-362(portion)-362(of)-362(their)-362(arguments)-362(against)-362(the)-362(historical)-362(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-334(the)-335(Gospels,)-356(on)-334(the)-335(alleged)-334(credulity)-335(and)-334(superstition)-335(of)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(followers)-356(of)-355(our)-356(Lord.)-567(This)-355(is)-356(alleged)-355(to)-356(have)-356(been)-355(of)-356(a)-355(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(profound)-359(character,)-386(and)-359(it)-359(forms)-359(the)-359(weapon)-359(which)-359(is)-359(perhaps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-447(most)-447(constant)-447(use)-447(with)-448(the)-447(assailants)-447(of)-447(Christianity.)-841(All)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(difficulties)-376(which)-375(beset)-376(their)-376(arguments)-375(are)-376(met)-376(by)-375(attributing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-411(most)-412(unbounded)-411(credulity,)-451(superstition)-412(and)-411(enthusiasm)-411(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-409(followers)-408(of)-409(Jesus.)-726(It)-408(has)-409(also)-409(been)-408(urged)-409(that)-409(the)-408(belief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-323(supernatural)-323(occurrences)-323(has)-323(been)-324(so)-323(general,)-341(that)-323(it)-323(renders)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-447(attestation)-448(of)-447(miracles)-448(to)-448(a)-447(revelation)-448(invalid.)-842(I)-447(purpose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(examining)-391(into)-392(the)-391(validity)-391(of)-392(this)-391(objection.)-674(As)-392(this)-391(may)-391(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(said)-296(to)-296(be)-296(the)-296(key)-296(of)-296(the)-296(position)-296(occupied)-295(by)-296(modern)-296(unbelief,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(I)-285(must)-285(examine)-285(into)-285(the)-285(reality)-285(of)-285(the)-285(affirmation,)-294(and)-285(also)-285(how)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(far)-223(the)-223(love)-223(of)-222(the)-223(marvellous)-223(in)-223(mankind)-223(affects)-223(the)-223(credit)-222(of)-223(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(testimony)-291(to)-290(miracles.)-372(This)-290(I)-291(propose)-291(discussing)-290(in)-291(two)-290(distinct)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chapters.)]TJ 11.955 -15.186 Td [(It)-324(is)-324(an)-325(unquestionable)-324(fact)-324(that)-324(in)-325(these)-324(days)-324(we)-325(summari)1(ly)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +124 0 obj << +/Length 4654 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(22)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(reject)-322(whole)-322(masses)-322(of)-322(alleged)-322(supernatural)-322(occurrences,)-340(as)-321(ut-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(terly)-200(incredible,)-210(without)-200(inquiry)-199(into)-200(the)-200(testimony)-200(on)-200(which)-199(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rest.)-533(It)-345(will)-344(be)-345(necessary)-344(to)-344(inquire)-345(into)-344(the)-345(grounds)-344(on)-344(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-298(do)-298(this,)-311(and)-298(how)-298(far)-298(it)-298(affects)-299(the)-298(credibility)-298(of)-298(the)-298(miracles)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(recorded)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(The)-219(historical)-219(value)-219(of)-218(the)-219(testimony)-219(which)-219(has)-438(been)-218(adduced)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -84.711 0 Td [([021])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(for)-261(the)-260(truth)-261(of)-260(the)-261(miracles)-261(recorded)-260(in)-261(the)-261(New)-260(Testament,)-263(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-276(assailed)-276(by)-276(every)-276(weapon)-276(which)-276(criticism)-276(can)-276(supply.)-328(It)-276(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirmed)-306(in)-307(the)-306(strongest)-306(manner)-306(that)-306(they)-307(are)-306(utterly)-306(devoid)-306(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-320(reliable)-321(historical)-320(evidence.)-460(The)-321(Gospels)-320(are)-320(pronounced)-320(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consist)-248(of)-248(a)-248(bundle)-248(of)-248(myths)-249(and)-248(legends,)-248(with)-248(only)-248(a)-248(few)-248(grains)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-332(historic)-331(truth)-332(hidden)-332(beneath)-331(them.)-495(They)-332(are)-331(affirmed)-332(to)-331(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(late)-291(compositions,)-302(and)-291(that)-291(we)-291(are)-292(utterly)-291(devoid)-291(of)-291(all)-291(contem-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poraneous)-253(attestation)-254(for)-253(the)-254(facts)-253(recorded)-254(in)-253(them,)-255(and)-253(that)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(true)-208(account)-207(of)-208(the)-207(origin)-208(of)-208(Christianity)-207(is)-208(buried)-207(beneath)-208(a)-207(mass)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-248(fiction.)-250(If)-248(this)-249(be)-248(true,)-249(there)-248(cannot)-249(be)-248(a)-248(doubt)-249(that)-248(it)-249(is)-248(a)-248(most)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(serious)-283(allegation,)-291(which)-283(affects)-283(the)-283(entire)-283(Christian)-283(position.)-349(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-303(further)-303(urged)-303(that)-303(while)-303(the)-303(defenders)-303(of)-303(Christianity)-303(publish)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(works)-289(in)-290(which)-289(they)-290(attempt)-289(to)-290(prove)-289(that)-290(miracles)-289(are)-289(possible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-208(credible,)-217(they)-208(carefully)-208(avoid)-208(grappling)-209(with)-208(the)-208(real)-208(point)-208(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-297(whole)-297(question)-297(by)-297(showing)-297(that)-297(any)-297(historical)-297(evidence)-296(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-264(produced)-265(for)-264(a)-265(single)-264(miracle)-264(recorded)-265(in)-264(the)-264(Gospels,)-268(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(will)-369(stand)-368(the)-369(test)-369(of)-369(such)-368(historical)-369(criticism,)-398(and)-369(it)-369(is)-368(loudly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(proclaimed)-218(that)-217(no)-218(real)-218(evidence)-217(can)-218(be)-218(made)-217(forthcoming.)-239(Such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-250(charge)-250(as)-250(this,)-250(it)-250(is)-250(impossible)-250(to)-250(pass)-250(over)-250(in)-250(silence.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-235(propose,)-238(therefore,)-238(to)-235(examine)-235(into)-235(the)-235(general)-235(truth)-235(of)-235(these)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(allegations,)-281(and)-275(to)-275(consider)-274(the)-275(nature)-275(of)-275(the)-275(historical)-274(evidence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-261(unbelief,)-265(after)-261(it)-262(has)-261(exhausted)-262(all)-261(its)-262(powers)-261(of)-261(criticism,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(still)-250(leaves)-250(us)-250(unquestionably)-250(in)-250(possession)-250(of.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(This)-403(consists)-404(of)-403(the)-404(epistles)-403(of)-404(the)-403(New)-404(Testament)-403(viewed)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(as)-372(historical)-372(documents.)-615(Their)-372(value)-372(as)-372(such)-372(has)-372(been)-371(greatly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(overlooked)-359(by)-358(both)-359(sides)-359(to)-359(the)-358(controversy,)-386(especially)-359(by)-358(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Christian)-437(side.)-812(Christians)-437(have)-437(been)-438(in)-437(the)-437(habit)-437(of)-437(viewing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-395(as)-395(inspired)-395(compositions,)-432(and)-395(have)-395(studied)-395(them)-395(almost)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +128 0 obj << +/Length 4715 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 316.492 548.934 Td [(23)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -269.721 -30.759 Td [(exclusively)-952(on)-476(account)-476(of)-476(the)-476(doctrinal)-476(and)-476(moral)-476(teaching)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([022])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(which)-384(they)-384(contain,)-418(and)-384(each)-384(sect)-383(has)-384(viewed)-384(them)-384(as)-384(a)-384(kind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-273(armoury)-273(from)-273(which)-272(to)-273(draw)-273(weapons)-273(for)-273(the)-273(establishing)-272(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(own)-331(particular)-331(opinions.)-494(In)-331(doing)-332(this)-331(they)-331(have)-331(forgotten)-331(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(they)-259(are)-259(also)-259(historical)-258(documents)-259(of)-259(the)-259(highest)-259(order,)-261(the)-258(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(majority)-248(of)-247(which)-248(even)-247(the)-248(opponents)-247(of)-247(Christianity)-248(concede)-247(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-295(been)-295(composed)-295(prior)-296(to)-295(the)-295(conclusion)-295(of)-295(the)-295(first)-295(century)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(Christian)-250(era,)-250(and)-250(many)-250(of)-250(them)-250(at)-250(a)-250(much)-250(earlier)-250(period.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Of)-252(these)-253(writings)-252(four)-253(are)-252(universally)-252(admitted)-253(to)-252(be)-252(genuine,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(and)-265(to)-266(have)-265(been)-265(composed)-266(prior)-265(to)-266(the)-265(year)-265(60)-266(of)-265(our)-265(era.)-296(Four)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-270(are)-270(genuine)-269(beyond)-270(all)-270(reasonable)-270(doubt,)-274(and)-270(of)-270(two)-269(more)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-327(evidence)-327(in)-327(favour)-327(of)-327(their)-327(authenticity)-327(is)-327(very)-327(strong.)-480(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apocalypse,)-298(which)-289(is)-288(also)-289(admitted)-288(to)-288(be)-289(genuine,)-298(although)-288(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strictly)-275(an)-275(historical)-275(document,)-281(can)-275(be)-275(rendered)-275(valuable)-275(for)-274(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purposes)-309(of)-309(history.)-426(Of)-309(the)-309(remaining)-309(writings)-309(the)-308(genuineness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-279(disputed;)-292(but)-279(whether)-279(genuine)-278(or)-279(not,)-285(it)-279(is)-278(impossible)-279(to)-278(deny)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-347(antiquity,)-371(and)-347(that)-346(they)-347(are)-347(faithful)-347(representations)-347(of)-346(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ideas)-229(of)-228(those)-229(who)-228(wrote)-229(them.)-243(In)-228(fact)-229(the)-229(names)-228(of)-229(their)-228(authors)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-292(of)-291(no)-292(great)-291(importance)-292(in)-291(the)-292(present)-291(controversy,)-302(when)-291(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(writings)-303(themselves)-302(bear)-303(so)-303(decisively)-302(the)-303(marks)-303(of)-302(originality.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Thus)-417(the)-418(epistle)-417(of)-417(James,)-459(by)-418(whomsoever)-417(written,)-459(bears)-417(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(most)-275(unquestionable)-276(marks)-275(of)-276(the)-275(most)-275(primitive)-276(antiquity.)-326(It)-275(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-314(fact)-315(a)-314(document)-315(of)-314(the)-315(earliest)-314(form)-315(of)-314(Christianity,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 242.051 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(in)-314(one)]TJ -252.96 -13.549 Td [(word,)-299(the)-289(Jewish)-288(form,)-299(before)-289(the)-289(Church)-289(was)-289(finally)-288(separated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-250(the)-250(synagogue.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Such)-272(are)-272(our)-272(historical)-273(materials.)-316(Little)-272(justice)-272(has)-272(been)-272(done)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-230(their)-229(value)-229(in)-230(the)-229(writings)-230(of)-229(Christian)-230(apologists.)-243(As)-229(included)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-384(the)-385(Canon)-384(of)-384(the)-384(New)-384(Testament,)-418(it)-385(has)-384(been)-384(for)-384(the)-384(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(part)-332(the)-331(practice)-332(to)-332(view)-663(them)-332(as)-332(standing)-331(in)-332(need)-332(of)-331(defence,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([023])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.55 Td [(rather)-306(than)-306(as)-307(being)-306(the)-306(mainstay)-306(of)-307(the)-306(argument)-306(for)-306(historical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christianity,)-250(and)-250(constituting)-250(its)-250(central)-250(position.)]TJ 11.955 -15.185 Td [(It)-275(will)-275(be)-274(admitted)-275(that)-275(it)-275(will)-275(be)-274(impossible)-275(for)-275(me)-275(to)-275(do)-274(full)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(justice)-273(to)-272(such)-273(a)-272(subject)-273(in)-272(a)-273(work)-272(like)-273(the)-273(present.)-317(To)-273(bring)-272(out)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-402(the)-401(treasures)-402(of)-401(evidence)-402(respecting)-402(primitive)-401(Christianity,)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +133 0 obj << +/Length 4565 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(24)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-254(the)-253(foundation)-254(of)-253(the)-254(Christian)-254(Church)-253(which)-254(these)-253(writings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contain,)-457(the)-416(whole)-416(subject)-416(would)-416(require)-416(to)-416(be)-416(unfolded)-416(in)-415(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinct)-296(and)-296(separate)-296(treatise)-296(exclusively)-296(devoted)-296(to)-296(the)-295(subject.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Still,)-326(however,)-326(this)-311(work)-310(would)-311(be)-311(very)-311(incomplete)-310(if)-311(I)-311(did)-310(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(accept)-240(the)-240(challenge)-241(so)-240(boldly)-240(thrown)-240(down)-241(to)-240(us,)-242(and)-240(show)-240(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christianity)-232(rests)-232(on)-232(an)-232(historical)-232(attestation)-232(of)-232(the)-232(highest)-231(order.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(To)-373(this)-372(I)-373(propose)-373(devoting)-372(the)-373(six)-372(concluding)-373(chapters)-373(of)-372(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(work.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-322(intend,)-340(therefore,)-340(in)-322(the)-322(first)-322(place)-322(to)-322(examine)-322(the)-322(value)-322(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(historical)-334(documents)-335(of)-335(the)-335(New)-334(Testament,)-356(and)-335(show)-334(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(several)-268(of)-269(the)-268(epistles)-268(take)-269(rank)-268(as)-268(the)-269(highest)-268(form)-268(of)-268(historical)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(documents,)-201(and)-189(present)-188(us)-189(with)-189(what)-188(is)-189(to)-189(all)-188(intents)-189(and)-188(purposes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-371(large)-371(mass)-372(of)-371(contemporaneous)-371(evidence)-371(as)-371(to)-371(the)-371(primitive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beliefs,)-328(and)-312(the)-312(original)-312(foundation)-312(of)-313(the)-312(Christian)-312(Church.)-436(In)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doing)-274(so)-274(I)-274(propose)-274(to)-274(treat)-274(them)-274(in)-274(the)-274(same)-274(manner)-274(as)-274(all)-273(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(similar)-250(historical)-250(documents)-250(are)-250(treated.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-391(shall)-391(then)-391(show)-392(that)-391(these)-391(documents)-391(afford)-391(a)-391(substantial)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(testimony)-401(to)-400(all)-401(the)-401(great)-400(facts)-401(of)-401(Christianity,)-438(and)-400(especially)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-367(the)-367(existence)-367(of)-367(miraculous)-368(powers)-367(in)-367(the)-367(Church,)-396(and)-367(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-295(various)-296(Churches)-295(were)-295(from)-295(the)-295(very)-296(earliest)-295(period)-295(in)-295(pos-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(session)-304(of)-303(an)-304(oral)-304(account)-303(of)-304(the)-304(actions)-303(and)-304(teachings)-304(of)-303(Jesus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christ)-426(substantially)-427(the)-426(same)-426(as)-426(that)-427(which)-426(is)-426(now)-426(embodied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-399(the)-398(Gospels;)-473(and)-398(that)-399(this)-398(oral)-399(Gospel)-398(was)-399(habitually)-398(used)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-364(the)-364(purposes)-363(of)-364(instruction.)-591(Further,)-392(that)-364(this)-728(oral)-363(Gospel)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([024])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(was)-445(a)-445(substantial)-445(embodiment)-445(of)-445(the)-445(beliefs)-445(of)-445(the)-444(primitive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(followers)-344(of)-345(Jesus,)-368(and)-344(that)-344(the)-345(Church)-344(as)-344(a)-345(community)-344(was)-344(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(body)-265(especially)-265(adapted)-265(for)-265(handing)-265(down)-265(correctly)-265(the)-264(account)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-225(the)-225(primitive)-225(beliefs)-225(respecting)-225(its)-225(origin,)-230(and)-225(that)-225(the)-225(peculiar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(position)-250(in)-250(which)-250(it)-250(was)-250(placed)-250(compelled)-250(it)-250(to)-250(do)-250(so.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-297(shall)-296(further)-297(show)-297(on)-296(the)-297(evidence)-297(furnished)-296(by)-297(those)-296(epis-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(tles,)-371(the)-347(genuineness)-347(of)-347(which)-347(unbelievers)-347(do)-347(not)-347(dispute,)-371(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-265(the)-264(earliest)-265(commencement)-264(of)-265(Christianity)-264(the)-265(whole)-264(body)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-282(believers,)-291(without)-282(distinction)-282(of)-282(sect)-282(or)-283(party,)-290(believed)-282(in)-282(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resurrection)-312(of)-312(Jesus)-311(Christ)-312(as)-312(a)-312(fact,)-327(and)-311(viewed)-312(it)-312(not)-312(only)-311(as)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +137 0 obj << +/Length 4620 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 316.492 548.934 Td [(25)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -269.721 -30.759 Td [(the)-242(groundwork)-242(on)-242(which)-242(Christianity)-242(rested,)-244(but)-242(as)-242(the)-241(one)-242(sole)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-240(only)-240(reason)-240(for)-240(the)-239(existence)-240(of)-240(the)-240(Christian)-240(Church.)-247(I)-239(shall)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-329(able)-329(also)-329(to)-329(prove)-329(on)-329(the)-329(same)-329(evidence)-329(that)-329(a)-329(considerable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(number)-323(of)-323(the)-323(followers)-323(of)-323(Jesus)-323(were)-323(persuaded)-323(that)-323(they)-323(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(seen)-264(him)-265(alive)-264(after)-265(his)-264(crucifixion,)-268(and)-264(that)-265(his)-264(appearance)-264(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-332(actual)-331(resurrection)-332(from)-331(the)-332(dead.)-495(The)-331(same)-332(writings)-331(prove)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-306(demonstration)-306(that)-306(this)-306(was)-306(the)-306(universal)-306(belief)-306(of)-306(the)-306(whole)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christian)-244(community,)-245(and)-244(that)-244(the)-244(Church)-244(was)-244(established)-244(on)-244(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(basis.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(These)-234(things)-233(being)-234(established)-234(as)-234(the)-233(basis)-234(for)-234(my)-234(reasonings,)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(I)-264(shall)-265(proceed)-264(to)-264(prove)-264(that)-265(it)-264(is)-264(impossible)-265(that)-264(these)-264(beliefs)-264(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-362(Church)-361(could)-362(have)-362(owed)-361(their)-362(origin)-362(to)-361(any)-362(possible)-361(form)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-446(delusion;)-545(but)-446(that)-446(the)-446(resurrection)-447(of)-446(Jesus)-446(Christ)-446(was)-446(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(historical)-203(fact,)-212(and)-202(that)-203(no)-202(other)-202(supposition)-203(can)-202(give)-203(an)-202(adequate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(account)-250(of)-250(the)-250(phenomenon.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Having)-297(proved)-296(that)-297(the)-297(greatest)-297(of)-296(all)-297(the)-297(miracles)-297(which)-296(are)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(recorded)-371(in)-371(the)-370(Gospels)-371(is)-371(an)-371(historical)-370(fact,)-401(I)-371(have)-371(got)-371(rid)-370(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 16.429 0 Td [(\340)-284(priori)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 37.111 0 Td [(difficulty)-284(with)-284(which)-284(the)-284(acceptance)-284(of)-284(the)-284(Gospels)]TJ -53.54 -13.549 Td [(as)-284(genuine)-283(historical)-284(accounts)-283(is)-284(attended;)-300(but)-284(further,)-292(if)-283(it)-284(is)-283(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(historical)-266(fact)-267(that)-266(Jesus)-266(Christ)-266(really)-267(rose)-266(from)-266(the)-267(dead,)-270(it)-266(is)-266(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-544(highest)-272(degree)-272(probable)-272(that)-272(other)-272(supernatural)-272(occurrences)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([025])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td 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4.843 0 Td [(natural)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 30.295 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.263 0 Td [(are)-313(cor-)]TJ -246.327 -13.549 Td [(rectly)-371(applied)-370(to)-371(both)-370(alike,)-401(as)-371(being)-370(simple)-371(manifestations)-370(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-389(same)-390(original)-389(force.)-668(To)-389(this)-389(it)-389(will)-390(be)-389(sufficient)-389(to)-389(reply,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first:)-366(that)-308(this)-308(is)-307(an)-308(assertion)-308(only,)-645(and)-308(never)-308(has)-308(been)-308(nor)-307(can)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([031])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(be)-368(proved.)-603(Secondly:)-486(that)-368(it)-368(contradicts)-368(the)-368(highest)-368(of)-368(al)1(l)-368(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certitudes,)-302(the)-291(direct)-292(testimony)-291(of)-292(consciousness,)-302(which)-291(affirms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-325(we)-325(live)-324(under)-325(a)-325(law)-325(of)-325(freedom,)-343(wholly)-325(different)-325(from)-324(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(necessary)-379(laws)-380(of)-379(material)-380(nature.)-638(Thirdly:)-509(that)-379(it)-379(contradicts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-219(universal)-219(experience)-220(of)-219(mankind,)-225(as)-220(embodied)-219(in)-219(the)-219(primary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(laws)-294(of)-295(human)-294(language)-294(and)-295(human)-294(thought.)-383(To)-295(assume)-294(this)-294(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-384(commencement)-384(of)-384(the)-384(argument)-384(is)-384(to)-384(take)-384(for)-384(granted)-384(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(point)-250(which)-250(requires)-250(to)-250(be)-250(proved.)]TJ 11.955 -16.004 Td [(It)-296(would)-297(be)-296(quite)-297(out)-296(of)-297(place)-296(in)-297(a)-296(treatise)-297(like)-296(the)-297(present)-296(to)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(attempt)-324(to)-323(discuss)-324(the)-324(question)-324(of)-324(the)-323(origin)-324(of)-324(the)-324(free)-323(agency)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-324(the)-324(moral)-324(nature)-324(of)-323(man.)-472(It)-324(is)-324(sufficient)-324(for)-324(the)-323(purpose)-324(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(observe)-400(that,)-439(however)-400(voluntary)-401(agency)-400(may)-401(have)-400(originated,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-460(is)-460(a)-459(simple)-460(fact)-460(that)-460(it)-460(exists)-460(in)-460(the)-459(universe,)-513(and)-460(that)-459(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phenomena)-302(belong)-302(to)-302(an)-302(order)-302(of)-302(its)-302(own.)-406(It)-302(is)-302(no)-302(mere)-302(theory,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(but)-298(a)-298(fact,)-310(that)-298(man)-298(not)-298(only)-298(is)-298(capable)-298(of)-298(modifying)-298(the)-298(action)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-325(the)-324(forces)-325(of)-325(the)-324(material)-325(universe,)-344(but)-324(that)-325(he)-325(has)-324(modified)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them,)-210(and)-200(has)-201(produced)-200(results)-200(utterly)-201(different)-200(from)-200(those)-200(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-308(have)-309(followed)-308(from)-308(their)-308(simple)-309(action.)-425(To)-308(use)-308(terms)-308(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-263(controversy)-262(which)-263(overlook)-262(this)-263(plain)-262(and)-263(obvious)-263(fact,)-265(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lead)-250(to)-250(no)-250(satisfactory)-250(result.)]TJ 11.955 -16.004 Td [(Are)-337(then)-337(the)-337(actions)-337(of)-337(man,)-359(the)-337(bird,)-359(and)-337(the)-337(bee,)-359(properly)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(designated)-264(as)-265(natural?)-294(In)-264(a)-265(popular)-264(use)-265(of)-264(language)-265(the)-264(question)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-227(be)-227(one)-228(purely)-227(verbal;)-235(but)-227(when)-227(we)-228(are)-227(dealing)-227(with)-227(subjects)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(requiring)-305(accurate)-305(thought,)-318(it)-305(is)-305(in)-305(the)-305(highest)-305(degree)-304(necessary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-210(use)-211(language)-210(which)-211(does)-210(not)-211(confound)-210(the)-211(distinct)-210(phenomena)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-276(mind)-275(and)-276(matter)-276(under)-275(a)-276(common)-276(designation.)-327(Both)-275(together)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(compose)-341(the)-340(universe;)-386(but)-341(each)-341(belongs)-341(to)-340(a)-341(different)-341(order)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phenomena.)-677(The)-393(whole)-392(difficulty)-393(proceeds)-392(from)-392(the)-393(fact)-392(that)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +171 0 obj << +/Length 5150 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(32)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(both)-183(material)-183(forces)-183(which)-183(act)-183(in)-183(conformity)-183(with)-183(necessary)-182(laws,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-271(moral)-271(ones)-541(which)-271(act)-271(in)-270(conformity)-271(with)-271(those)-271(of)-270(freedom,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([032])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(are)-250(united)-250(in)-250(the)-250(person)-250(of)-250(man.)]TJ 11.956 -16.626 Td [(Another)-286(order)-287(of)-286(thought)-287(uses)-286(the)-286(term)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 175.175 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(nature)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 27.262 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.968 0 Td [(as)-286(including)]TJ -227.204 -13.549 Td [(everything)-362(that)-361(exists,)-390(even)-361(God;)-418(or)-361(in)-362(other)-361(words,)-390(it)-361(affirms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-203(every)-202(thing)-203(which)-202(has)-202(existed)-203(and)-202(exists)-203(is)-202(a)-203(manifestation)-202(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Him.)-302(As)-268(this)-267(theory)-268(involves)-267(the)-267(denial)-268(of)-267(the)-268(personality)-267(of)-267(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Divine)-341(Being,)-363(it)-341(stands)-340(excluded)-341(from)-341(the)-340(question)-341(under)-340(con-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sideration,)-366(namely,)-366(the)-342(credibility)-343(of)-342(miracles,)-366(which)-343(is)-342(utterly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(irrelevant,)-383(except)-357(on)-356(the)-357(assumption)-356(of)-357(the)-356(existence)-356(of)-357(a)-356(per-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sonal)-297(God.)-391(It)-297(ought)-297(to)-298(be)-297(observed,)-308(however,)-309(that)-297(while)-297(theism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirms)-374(that)-374(God)-374(and)-374(the)-374(universe,)-405(whether)-374(material)-374(or)-373(moral,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(are)-295(distinct,)-306(it)-295(fully)-295(recognises)-294(the)-295(fact)-295(that)-295(God)-295(is)-295(immanent)-294(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(both)-325(the)-325(worlds)-326(of)-325(mind)-325(and)-325(matter,)-344(while)-326(at)-325(the)-325(same)-325(time)-325(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(transcends)-261(them)-262(both.)-283(This)-262(is)-261(an)-261(important)-261(consideration,)-264(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-250(too)-250(often)-250(overlooked)-250(by)-250(both)-250(parties)-250(to)-250(the)-250(discussion.)]TJ 11.956 -16.626 Td [(Secondly:)-404(a)-327(still)-328(greater)-327(confusion)-327(has)-327(been)-327(introduced)-327(by)-327(a)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(vague)-387(and)-387(indefinite)-387(use)-386(of)-387(the)-387(term)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 170.115 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(law,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 18.48 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.064 0 Td [(and)-387(by)-387(confusing)]TJ -202.503 -13.549 Td [(a)-397(number)-396(of)-397(utterly)-397(diverse)-396(phenomena)-397(under)-397(the)-396(designation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-357(the)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 30.202 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(laws)-357(of)-357(nature.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 66.857 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.735 0 Td [(It)-357(is)-357(absolutely)-356(necessary)-357(to)-357(trace)-357(this)]TJ -110.638 -13.55 Td [(fallacy)-316(to)-316(its)-315(source.)-448(The)-316(Duke)-316(of)-315(Argyll)-316(tells)-316(us)-316(in)-316(his)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 249.725 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Reign)]TJ -254.568 -13.549 Td [(of)-265(Law)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 31.36 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.73 0 Td [(that)-265(there)-264(are)-265(five)-264(different)-265(senses)-265(at)-264(least)-265(in)-265(which)-264(this)]TJ -39.09 -13.549 Td [(word)-308(is)-309(habitually)-308(used)-308(even)-309(in)-308(scientific)-309(writings.)-425(They)-308(are)-308(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(follows:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 35.76 0 Td [(\024)]TJ -23.805 -16.626 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(First,)-259(we)-257(have)-256(law)-257(as)-257(applied)-257(simply)-257(to)-257(an)-257(observed)-257(order)-257(of)]TJ -16.799 -13.549 Td [(facts.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 23.324 0 Td [(\035)]TJ -11.369 -16.626 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Secondly,)-249(to)-250(that)-249(order)-249(as)-250(involving)-249(the)-250(action)-249(of)-249(some)-250(force)]TJ -16.799 -13.549 Td [(or)-250(forces)-250(of)-250(which)-250(nothing)-250(more)-250(can)-250(be)-250(known.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 206.924 0 Td [(\035)]TJ -194.969 -16.626 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Thirdly,)-198(as)-184(applied)-185(to)-185(individual)-185(forces,)-197(the)-185(measure)-185(of)-185(whose)]TJ -16.799 -13.549 Td [(operation)-250(has)-250(been)-250(more)-250(or)-250(less)-250(defined)-250(or)-250(ascertained.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 239.629 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -312.385 0 Td [([033])]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -16.625 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Fourthly,)-358(as)-337(applied)-336(to)-337(those)-337(combinations)-336(of)-337(forces)-337(which)]TJ -16.799 -13.55 Td [(have)-301(reference)-301(to)-301(the)-301(fulfilment)-301(of)-301(purposes)-301(or)-301(the)-300(discharge)-301(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(functions.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 43.331 0 Td [(\035)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +176 0 obj << +/Length 5599 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(II.)-250(Definitions)-250(of)-250(Terms.)-11504(33)]TJ +0 g 0 G +/F20 10.9091 Tf 11.956 -30.759 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Fifthly,)-308(as)-296(applied)-296(to)-296(abstract)-296(conceptions)-296(of)-296(the)-297(mind)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 238.98 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(not)]TJ -266.688 -13.549 Td [(corresponding)-366(with)-366(any)-366(actual)-366(phenomena,)-395(but)-366(deduced)-366(there-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-419(as)-419(axioms)-418(of)-419(thought,)-461(necessary)-419(to)-419(an)-419(understanding)-418(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them.)-463(Law,)-339(in)-321(this)-321(sense,)-339(is)-321(a)-321(reduction)-321(of)-322(the)-321(phenomena,)-338(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(merely)-250(to)-250(an)-250(order)-250(of)-250(facts,)-250(but)-250(to)-250(an)-250(order)-250(of)-250(thought.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 235.407 0 Td [(\035)]TJ -223.451 -14.531 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(These)-492(leading)-493(significations)-492(of)-492(the)-493(word)-492(Law,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 216.13 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.214 0 Td [(says)-492(the)]TJ -243.143 -13.549 Td [(Duke,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 30.08 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(all)-323(circle)-323(round)-323(the)-323(three)-323(great)-323(questions)-323(which)-323(science)]TJ -34.923 -13.549 Td [(asks)-250(of)-250(nature,)-250(the)-250(what,)-250(the)-250(how,)-250(and)-250(the)-250(why.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 205.113 0 Td [(\035)]TJ -193.157 -14.531 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(What)-250(are)-250(the)-250(facts)-250(in)-250(their)-250(established)-250(order?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 194.793 0 Td [(\035)]TJ -199.636 -14.531 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(How,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 26.718 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.193 0 Td [(from)-254(what)-254(physical)-254(causes)-255(does)-254(that)-254(order)-254(come)-254(to)]TJ -59.71 -13.55 Td [(be?)-453(What)-317(relation)-318(do)-318(they)-317(bear)-318(to)-317(purpose,)-335(to)-317(the)-318(fulfilment)-317(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intention,)-250(to)-250(the)-250(discharge)-250(of)-250(function?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 169.069 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -157.113 -14.531 Td [(Such)-455(are)-456(the)-455(multiform)-456(acceptations)-455(attached)-456(by)-455(scientific)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(men)-258(to)-257(the)-258(term)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 71.838 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(law,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 18.48 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.653 0 Td [(yet)-258(the)-257(Duke)-258(is)-257(not)-258(quite)-257(certain)-258(whether)]TJ -102.815 -13.549 Td [(they)-312(may)-312(not)-312(be)-312(even)-311(more)-312(numerous.)-436(It)-312(is)-312(evident)-312(that)-312(if)-311(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-309(all)-309(imported)-309(into)-308(the)-309(question)-309(of)-309(the)-309(credibility)-309(of)-308(miracles,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(our)-234(position)-234(must)-234(resemble)-233(that)-234(of)-234(persons)-234(who)-234(are)-234(compelled)-233(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fight)-272(in)-273(the)-272(dark;)-284(and)-272(that)-273(the)-272(question)-272(whether)-273(an)-272(occurrence)-272(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(natural)-222(or)-222(supernatural,)-227(whether)-222(it)-222(is)-222(contrary)-221(to,)-228(or)-222(a)-222(violation)-221(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-233(laws)-232(of)-233(nature,)-236(or)-232(above)-232(nature,)-236(and)-233(many)-232(others)-233(which)-232(enter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-206(this)-206(controversy)-205(must)-206(be)-206(without)-206(definite)-206(meaning.)-235(It)-206(is)-205(clear)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-378(unless)-377(we)-378(can)-377(restrict)-378(the)-377(word)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 166.373 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(law)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.962 0 Td [(to)-378(one,)-409(or)-378(at)-377(most,)]TJ -195.931 -13.549 Td [(two)-306(definite)-306(meanings,)-320(we)-306(shall)-306(get)-306(into)-306(hopeless)-306(confusion,)-320(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-414(speak)-413(more)-414(correctly,)-455(we)-413(shall)-414(open)-414(the)-413(gate)-414(wide)-414(for)-413(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(introduction)-250(of)-250(any)-250(number)-250(of)-250(fallacies.)]TJ 11.956 -14.531 Td [(The)-224(primary)-225(conception)-224(implied)-224(by)-225(the)-224(term)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 194.077 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(law)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.738 0 Td [(is)-224(unques-)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.656 0 Td [([034])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(tionably)-281(one)-281(which)-281(is)-281(strictly)-281(applicable)-281(to)-281(man)-281(and)-281(his)-280(actions,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-264(can)-264(only)-264(be)-264(applied)-264(metaphorically,)-268(and)-264(in)-264(some)-264(systems)-264(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thought)-264(after)-265(a)-264(considerable)-265(change)-264(of)-264(meaning,)-268(to)-265(the)-264(facts)-264(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phenomena)-239(of)-238(the)-238(material)-239(universe.)-246(A)-239(law)-238(is)-239(a)-238(rule)-238(of)-239(action)-238(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-267(conduct)-266(and)-267(nothing)-267(more.)-300(Such)-267(rules)-266(of)-267(conduct)-267(for)-266(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(most)-359(part)-358(pre-suppose)-359(that)-359(they)-359(are)-358(imposed)-359(by)-359(some)-358(external)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(authority,)-261(which)-259(has)-259(the)-259(right)-259(or)-259(the)-259(power)-259(to)-259(enforce)-258(obedience)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-412(them;)-494(or)-412(else)-412(that)-413(the)-412(person)-412(obeying)-413(them)-412(has)-412(an)-412(inward)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +181 0 obj << +/Length 4728 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(34)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(feeling)-357(that)-357(it)-357(is)-357(right)-356(to)-357(do)-357(so,)-384(and)-357(knows)-357(that)-357(his)-356(conscience)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-329(reproach)-330(him)-329(for)-329(the)-330(omission.)-488(But)-329(law,)-349(strictly)-329(speaking,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-433(simply)-432(the)-433(rule)-433(of)-432(action)-433(itself,)-478(as)-433(for)-433(instance,)-478(an)-433(Act)-432(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Parliament;)-429(but)-369(as)-369(in)-369(practice)-369(all)-369(such)-369(rules)-369(are)-369(enforced)-369(by)-369(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sanction)-379(of)-379(some)-379(kind,)-411(our)-378(conception)-379(of)-379(a)-379(law)-379(is)-379(also)-378(united)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-271(that)-272(of)-271(a)-272(lawgiver,)-276(who)-272(has)-271(both)-272(the)-271(right)-271(and)-272(the)-271(power)-271(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enforce)-250(it.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(It)-434(follows)-435(therefore)-434(that)-435(such)-434(a)-435(conception)-434(is)-435(essentially)-434(a)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(moral)-322(one.)-466(It)-322(is)-322(also)-322(intimately)-322(united)-322(with)-322(the)-322(knowledge)-322(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-248(possess)-248(the)-248(power)-249(to)-248(act)-248(or)-248(forbear)-248(acting)-248(in)-248(conformity)-248(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-200(dictates,)-209(and,)-210(if)-199(we)-200(prefer)-199(it,)-210(of)-199(taking)-200(the)-199(consequences)-200(of)-199(dis-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(obedience.)-244(But)-231(when)-231(such)-231(a)-231(conception)-231(is)-231(transferred)-230(to)-231(material)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-250(it)-250(loses)-250(a)-250(considerable)-250(portion)-250(of)-250(its)-250(original)-250(significancy.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(In)-378(its)-379(application)-378(therefore)-378(to)-379(physical)-378(science,)-411(it)-378(may)-378(with)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(strict)-312(propriety)-312(be)-312(used)-311(to)-312(denote)-312(an)-312(invariable)-312(order)-312(of)-311(events:)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-260(if)-259(the)-260(human)-259(analogy)-260(could)-259(hold)-260(in)-259(physics)-260(it)-259(might)-260(be)-259(used)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-230(include)-230(the)-230(power)-230(which)-230(originated)-229(and)-230(enforced)-230(them.)-244(But)-229(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-289(consideration)-290(of)-289(will)-289(or)-290(purpose)-289(forms)-289(no)-290(portion)-289(of)-289(strictly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physical)-245(science,)-246(and)-245(is)-245(expressly)-245(excluded)-245(from)-245(it,)-246(the)-245(term)-244(law)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-301(used)-301(by)-301(it)-302(ought)-301(to)-301(denote)-301(the)-301(invariable)-301(order)-301(of)-301(sequences,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-443(not)-442(to)-443(include)-886(the)-442(forces)-443(which)-443(generate)-442(them.)-828(Unless)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([035])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(this)-362(distinction)-361(is)-362(carefully)-362(observed,)-389(we)-362(shall)-361(be)-362(in)-362(danger)-361(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(introducing)-278(into)-279(our)-278(reasonings)-279(human)-278(analogies)-279(to)-278(which)-278(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-401(nothing)-400(corresponding)-401(in)-401(nature)-400(viewed)-401(as)-401(a)-400(mere)-401(body)-400(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(unintelligent)-250(forces.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(The)-406(use)-406(of)-406(the)-406(term)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 96.068 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(law)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.273 0 Td [(in)-406(physical)-406(science)-406(ought)-406(to)-406(be)]TJ -137.893 -13.549 Td [(confined)-522(to)-522(denote)-521(the)-522(invariable)-522(sequences)-522(of)-522(the)-521(material)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(phenomena.)-260(Physicists)-253(profess)-254(to)-253(know)-253(nothing)-254(of)-253(efficient)-253(cau-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sation;)-246(or)-245(of)-245(a)-244(lawgiver)-245(standing)-245(outside)-244(his)-245(laws)-245(and)-244(possessing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-231(to)-231(enforce)-231(them.)-243(The)-231(whole)-231(question)-231(of)-231(intelligent)-230(agency)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-270(purpose)-270(lies)-270(in)-270(a)-270(region)-270(outside)-270(their)-270(province.)-310(Law,)-275(as)-270(far)-270(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physical)-320(science)-319(is)-320(acquainted)-320(with)-319(it,)-337(can)-320(consist)-320(only)-319(of)-320(a)-319(set)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-258(antecedents,)-260(followed)-258(by)-259(an)-258(invariable)-258(set)-258(of)-258(consequents.)-274(Of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-297(inherent)-298(efficacy)-297(in)-298(these)-297(antecedents)-297(to)-298(produce)-297(their)-297(con-)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +185 0 obj << +/Length 4667 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(II.)-250(Definitions)-250(of)-250(Terms.)-11504(35)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(sequents,)-266(it)-263(can)-263(affirm)-263(nothing.)-288(A)-263(very)-263(popular)-263(philosophy)-262(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(denies)-353(the)-354(power)-353(of)-353(the)-354(human)-353(mind)-353(to)-354(penetrate)-353(beyond)-353(this,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(affirms)-250(that)-250(its)-250(entire)-250(knowledge)-250(is)-250(limited)-250(to)-250(phenomena.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But)-353(physical)-353(science)-353(also)-354(deals)-353(with)-353(forces.)-559(These,)-379(and)-353(not)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(its)-282(laws,)-291(are)-282(its)-283(true)-282(principles)-282(of)-283(causation.)-347(Mere)-282(invariable)-282(se-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quences)-262(can)-262(effect)-262(nothing;)-268(but)-262(forces,)-265(such)-262(as)-262(gravitation,)-264(heat,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(electricity,)-335(and)-319(the)-318(entire)-318(body)-318(of)-319(chemical)-318(forces,)-335(or)-318(whatever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-428(they)-428(may)-428(ultimately)-428(be)-428(resolved)-428(into,)-472(can)-428(effect)-428(much.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(They)-259(are)-258(in)-259(fact)-258(the)-259(antecedents)-258(of)-258(which)-259(the)-258(invariable)-259(order)-258(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(events)-276(are)-275(the)-276(consequents.)-327(Respecting)-276(the)-275(ultimate)-276(principle)-275(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force,)-277(or)-271(what)-271(is)-271(its)-272(real)-271(nature,)-276(or)-272(how)-271(it)-271(is)-271(directed,)-277(or)-271(came)-271(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be,)-285(physical)-277(science)-278(is)-277(silent.)-333(All)-278(that)-278(it)-277(can)-278(do)-278(is)-277(to)-278(observe)-277(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-297(of)-297(their)-297(occurrence,)-308(measure)-297(their)-297(quantities,)-309(and)-296(tabulate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-256(results.)-269(By)-257(this)-256(means)-256(it)-257(rises)-256(to)-256(the)-257(conception)-256(of)-256(what)-256(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(called)-250(the)-250(laws)-250(of)-250(nature.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(If)-307(in)-308(the)-307(present)-308(controversy)-307(the)-308(word)-307(law)-308(had)-615(been)-307(used)-307(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([036])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(this)-247(sense)-247(only,)-248(it)-247(would)-247(have)-247(been)-247(wholly)-247(unexceptionable.)-249(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-294(becomes)-294(far)-294(otherwise)-293(when)-294(the)-294(idea)-294(of)-294(force)-294(or)-294(efficiency)-293(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(introduced)-247(into)-248(it.)-249(Nothing)-247(is)-248(more)-247(common)-247(in)-248(the)-247(reasonings)-247(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(those)-264(who)-264(attempt)-264(to)-264(prove)-264(that)-264(miracles)-264(are)-264(impossible,)-267(than)-264(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(import)-253(into)-253(the)-253(term)-254(law)-253(the)-253(idea)-253(of)-253(force,)-254(or)-253(efficient)-253(causation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-314(at)-314(the)-313(very)-314(time)-314(when)-314(the)-313(presence)-314(of)-314(intelligent)-314(action)-313(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(denied.)-430(It)-310(is)-311(this)-310(which)-310(imparts)-310(to)-310(this)-310(class)-310(of)-310(reasonings)-310(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entire)-281(speciousness.)-344(The)-282(laws)-281(of)-281(material)-282(nature)-281(are)-281(continually)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(spoken)-274(of)-273(as)-274(though)-273(they)-274(were)-274(forces)-273(which)-274(are)-273(energetic)-274(in)-273(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universe,)-257(and)-256(to)-255(the)-256(energy)-255(of)-256(which)-255(all)-256(things)-255(owe)-256(their)-255(present)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(form;)-437(or)-374(in)-375(other)-375(words,)-405(it)-375(is)-375(assumed)-374(that)-375(the)-374(laws)-375(of)-374(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-254(causes)-254(which)-254(have)-254(produced)-254(by)-254(their)-254(unintelligent)-254(action)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(present)-250(order)-250(of)-250(the)-250(universe.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Nothing)-306(however)-307(can)-306(be)-307(clearer)-306(than)-307(that)-306(a)-307(law)-306(of)-307(nature,)-320(in)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-304(sense)-303(in)-304(which)-303(purely)-303(physical)-304(science)-303(can)-304(take)-303(cognizance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-301(one,)-313(can)-301(effectuate)-301(nothing.)-402(What)-301(can)-300(an)-301(invariable)-301(order)-300(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sequences)-204(effect?)-234(Before)-204(the)-204(idea)-204(of)-203(efficiency)-204(can)-204(be)-204(attached)-203(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(law,)-285(the)-277(conception)-278(of)-278(force)-278(must)-277(be)-278(introduced)-278(into)-277(it.)-333(Modern)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +189 0 obj << +/Length 5026 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(36)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(controversy,)-195(however,)-195(is)-181(constantly)-181(in)-182(the)-181(habit)-181(of)-181(speaking)-181(of)-181(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(laws)-285(of)-285(nature)-285(as)-285(though)-285(they)-285(were)-285(efficient)-285(agents.)-355(We)-284(hear)-285(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(creation)-211(by)-211(law,)-219(evolution)-211(by)-212(law,)-219(of)-211(results)-211(brought)-211(about)-211(by)-211(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action)-323(of)-323(invariable)-322(laws,)-341(and)-323(a)-323(countless)-323(number)-323(of)-322(assertions)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-285(a)-285(similar)-286(description.)-355(To)-285(such)-286(expressions)-285(in)-285(a)-285(popular)-285(sense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-197(no)-197(accuracy)-197(of)-197(expression)-197(is)-197(required,)-208(there)-197(is)-196(no)-197(objection;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-248(when)-247(they)-248(are)-248(introduced)-248(into)-247(the)-248(controversy)-248(respecting)-247(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(credibility)-283(of)-283(miracles,)-292(they)-283(create)-283(nothing)-283(but)-283(confusion.)-349(What)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-423(really)-424(meant)-423(is,)-466(that)-424(such)-423(results)-423(are)-424(brought)-423(about)-423(by)-423(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(action)-203(of)-202(forces)-203(which)-202(act)-202(in)-203(conformity)-202(with)-203(invariable)-202(laws,)-212(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(idea)-300(of)-301(intelligence)-601(and)-301(volition)-301(is)-300(carefully)-301(excluded)-300(from)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([037])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-245(conception.)-248(It)-245(is)-245(clearly)-245(inaccurate)-245(to)-245(speak)-245(of)-245(laws)-244(reigning.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Laws)-253(do)-253(not)-252(reign)-253(even)-253(in)-253(political)-253(societies;)-254(but)-253(only)-253(the)-252(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-311(is)-310(able)-311(to)-310(enact)-311(and)-310(enforce)-310(them.)-432(In)-310(material)-311(nature)-310(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(only)-250(things)-250(which)-250(possess)-250(efficiency)-250(are)-250(its)-250(forces.)]TJ 11.956 -18.458 Td [(There)-331(can)-331(be)-331(no)-331(objection)-331(to)-331(the)-331(use)-331(of)-331(the)-331(expression,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 250.5 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)]TJ -267.299 -13.55 Td [(laws)-251(of)-251(mind,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 59.712 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.579 0 Td [(when)-251(care)-251(is)-250(taken)-251(to)-251(use)-251(language)-250(which)-251(clearly)]TJ -67.291 -13.549 Td [(distinguishes)-310(between)-311(them)-310(and)-310(unintelligent)-311(and)-310(necessary)-310(se-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quences)-285(of)-286(material)-285(nature.)-356(But)-285(when)-285(the)-286(term)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 208.351 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(law)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.956 0 Td [(is)-285(without)]TJ -236.904 -13.549 Td [(any)-334(qualification)-335(applied)-334(to)-335(both)-334(sets)-335(of)-334(phenomena)-334(alike,)-356(it)-334(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certain)-362(either)-362(to)-361(lead)-362(to)-362(fallacious)-362(reasoning,)-389(or)-362(to)-362(involve)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(assumption)-368(of)-369(the)-368(point)-369(at)-368(issue.)-606(Whatever)-368(may)-369(be)-368(the)-368(origin)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-393(the)-393(moral)-393(and)-393(spiritual)-393(in)-392(man,)-429(it)-393(is)-393(certain)-393(that)-393(as)-393(they)-392(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(present)-245(exist)-245(in)-245(him,)-247(they)-245(stand)-245(out)-245(in)-245(the)-245(strongest)-245(contrast)-245(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-305(forces)-305(which)-305(act)-305(upon)-304(material)-305(things,)-319(and)-305(with)-305(the)-305(laws)-304(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-281(action.)-344(Nothing)-281(can)-281(be)-281(more)-281(entirely)-281(different)-281(in)-281(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-356(the)-356(force)-356(of)-357(gravitation)-356(and)-356(the)-356(principles)-356(of)-356(volition)-356(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(self-consciousness,)-424(or)-389(than)-389(the)-389(unconscious)-389(forces)-389(of)-388(material)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-204(and)-204(those)-204(principles)-204(which)-204(constitute)-205(our)-204(rationality.)-234(If)-204(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirm)-206(that)-205(the)-206(forces)-206(of)-206(mind)-205(act)-206(in)-206(conformity)-205(with)-206(law,)-215(it)-205(ought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-227(be)-228(clearly)-227(understood)-228(that)-227(they)-227(act)-228(in)-227(conformity)-227(with)-228(a)-227(law)-227(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-289(own,)-298(which)-288(affords)-289(free)-289(action)-288(to)-289(the)-288(principle)-289(of)-288(volition.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Otherwise)-371(there)-371(is)-372(the)-371(greatest)-371(danger)-371(that)-371(the)-371(expression)-371(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(involve)-434(the)-434(covert)-434(assumption)-433(of)-434(the)-434(truth)-434(of)-434(the)-434(doctrine)-433(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +193 0 obj << +/Length 4862 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(II.)-250(Definitions)-250(of)-250(Terms.)-11504(37)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(philosophical)-370(necessity,)-401(or)-370(in)-371(other)-370(words,)-400(that)-371(all)-370(mental)-370(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(material)-251(forces)-251(are)-250(of)-251(the)-251(same)-251(character,)-251(that)-250(is)-251(to)-251(say,)-251(that)-250(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-286(both)-286(equally)-286(necessary.)-357(This)-286(involves)-286(the)-286(assumption)-286(of)-285(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(very)-220(point)-220(on)-219(which)-220(the)-220(entire)-220(controversy)-219(turns,)-226(for)-220(if)-220(moral)-219(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(material)-281(forces)-280(and)-281(laws)-280(are)-281(all)-281(alike,)-288(it)-280(destroys)-281(the)-280(conception)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(a)-250(God,)-250(and)-250(the)-250(significance)-250(of)-250(a)-250(miracle.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([038])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -16.004 Td [(This)-382(brings)-381(us)-382(to)-381(the)-382(conception)-381(of)-382(force,)-415(what)-381(is)-382(it?)-644(Var-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ious)-371(definitions)-371(of)-372(it)-371(have)-371(been)-371(given)-371(sufficiently)-371(accurate)-371(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(practical)-287(purposes.)-360(It)-287(should)-287(be)-287(observed)-287(however)-287(that)-286(physical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(science)-364(can)-364(know)-364(nothing)-364(of)-364(it)-364(except)-364(as)-364(a)-364(phenomenon.)-592(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(determination)-407(of)-406(its)-407(nature,)-446(and)-407(its)-406(ultimate)-407(cause)-407(lie)-406(entirely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beyond)-206(its)-207(limits.)-235(Many)-207(facts)-206(respecting)-207(it,)-215(have)-206(been)-206(ascertained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-234(tabulated.)-244(Many)-234(of)-234(its)-234(manifestations,)-237(which)-234(bear)-234(a)-233(different)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phenomenal)-281(aspect,)-289(it)-281(has)-281(ascertained)-281(to)-281(be)-281(capable)-281(of)-280(transmu-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tation)-300(into)-300(one)-299(another.)-400(But)-300(it)-300(must)-299(never)-300(be)-300(forgotten)-300(that)-300(it)-299(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(able)-290(to)-289(affirm)-290(nothing)-290(respecting)-289(the)-290(source)-290(in)-289(which)-290(the)-289(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-328(the)-329(universe)-328(originate.)-485(All)-328(that)-329(it)-328(can)-328(affirm)-329(is,)-348(that)-328(they)-328(do)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exist.)-484(The)-328(original)-328(conception)-328(of)-328(force)-328(is)-328(one,)-347(however,)-347(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-248(derive,)-249(not)-248(from)-248(the)-248(material)-248(universe,)-248(but)-248(from)-248(the)-248(action)-248(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-325(own)-325(minds.)-474(We)-325(are)-325(conscious)-324(that)-325(we)-325(are)-325(efficient)-324(agents,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-234(that)-235(definite)-234(results)-234(follow)-234(the)-235(action)-234(of)-234(our)-234(wills.)-245(This)-234(gives)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us)-209(the)-209(conception)-209(of)-209(force.)-236(We)-209(apply)-209(it)-209(in)-209(a)-209(metaphorical)-209(sense)-209(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certain)-229(things)-228(which)-229(we)-228(observe)-229(in)-228(the)-229(material)-228(universe)-229(and)-228(call)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-203(forces,)-212(having)-203(abstracted)-203(from)-202(our)-203(primary)-203(idea)-203(of)-203(force)-202(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-313(of)-313(volition.)-439(But)-313(all)-313(that)-313(we)-313(really)-313(know)-313(about)-312(force)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tends)-250(to)-250(prove)-250(that)-250(its)-250(origin)-250(is)-250(mental)-250(and)-250(not)-250(material.)]TJ 11.956 -16.003 Td [(It)-330(is)-330(of)-330(the)-329(utmost)-330(importance)-330(to)-330(preserve)-330(a)-330(clear)-330(di)1(stinction)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(between)-459(the)-459(unconscious)-460(forces)-459(of)-459(matter)-459(and)-459(the)-459(intelligent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ones)-330(of)-330(mind;)-369(otherwise)-330(we)-330(shall)-329(inevitably)-330(be)-330(misled)-330(by)-329(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expressions)-348(as)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 67.581 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-348(forces)-348(of)-348(nature.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 90.445 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.639 0 Td [(It)-348(is)-348(impossible)-348(to)-348(argue)]TJ -171.509 -13.549 Td [(the)-231(question)-230(unless)-231(the)-231(distinction)-230(is)-231(admitted)-231(as)-230(a)-231(fact,)-234(whatever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theory)-315(may)-314(be)-315(held)-314(about)-315(their)-314(origin.)-443(It)-315(is)-314(absurd)-315(to)-314(confound)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(principles)-319(so)-319(distinct)-319(as)-319(heat)1(,)-337(or)-318(gravitation,)-337(or)-318(electricity,)-336(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-355(which)-355(produce)-355(the)-355(most)-355(disinterested)-355(moral)-355(actions,)-381(and)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +197 0 obj << +/Length 5379 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(38)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(designate)-315(them)-314(by)-315(the)-629(common)-315(term)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 169.467 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(natural)-315(forces.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 63.105 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.276 0 Td [(In)-315(com-)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -318.447 0 Td [([039])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(mon)-353(language)-352(we)-353(are)-353(in)-353(no)-352(danger)-353(of)-353(error)-352(when)-353(we)-353(speak)-352(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-405(force)-406(of)-405(conscience,)-444(or)-406(t)1(he)-406(force)-405(of)-405(a)-406(motive;)-483(but)-405(in)-405(dis-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cussions)-281(like)-281(the)-281(present,)-289(where)-281(such)-281(expressions)-281(really)-281(involve)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-275(assumption)-275(of)-275(t)1(he)-275(whole)-275(controversy,)-281(it)-275(is)-275(absurd)-275(to)-274(classify)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-305(phenomena,)-318(and)-305(the)-305(unintelligent)-305(forces)-305(of)-305(matter)-305(under)-304(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(common)-238(designation,)-240(unless)-238(it)-238(can)-238(be)-238(demonstrated)-238(that)-238(they)-238(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-250(manifestations)-250(of)-250(the)-250(same)-250(power.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(We)-280(come)-279(now)-280(to)-280(the)-279(much)-280(vexed)-280(question)-279(as)-280(to)-280(the)-279(meaning)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-262(be)-262(attached)-262(to)-262(the)-262(words)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 120.76 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(miracle)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 32.716 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.701 0 Td [(and)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 18.61 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(miraculous;)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 51.513 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.701 0 Td [(and)-262(the)]TJ -248.689 -13.549 Td [(terms)-301(closely)-301(allied)-300(to)-301(them,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 128.965 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(supernatural)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 53.923 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.126 0 Td [(and)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 19.034 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(superhuman.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 56.05 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.55 Td [(Is)-279(there)-278(any)-279(valid)-279(distinction)-278(between)-279(miracles)-279(and)-278(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occurrences?)-289(Are,)-266(in)-263(fact,)-266(all)-263(miracles)-263(supernatural)-263(occurrences,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-390(all)-390(supernatural)-390(occurrences)-390(miracles?)-670(The)-390(determination)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-426(this)-427(question)-426(is)-426(closely)-426(connected)-427(with)-426(an)-426(important)-426(point)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-225(will)-226(be)-225(considered)-225(hereafter,)-230(viz.,)-231(whether)-225(a)-225(miracle)-225(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-329(any)-329(evidential)-329(value)-329(if)-329(it)-329(were)-329(brought)-329(about)-329(by)-329(a)-328(special)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(adaptation)-250(of)-250(the)-250(known)-250(or)-250(unknown)-250(forces)-250(of)-250(material)-250(nature.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(Let)-229(it)-228(be)-229(observed)-228(that)-229(we)-228(are)-229(not)-228(discussing)-229(this)-228(question)-229(as)-228(a)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(purely)-289(abstract)-288(one,)-298(but)-289(in)-289(reference)-288(to)-289(the)-288(truth)-289(of)-288(Christianity.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(What)-302(miracles)-303(may)-302(be)-303(in)-302(themselves,)-315(I)-303(shall)-302(not)-303(inquire;)-328(but)-302(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(relation)-320(to)-320(the)-319(question)-320(before)-320(us,)-337(what)-320(we)-320(mean)-320(when)-320(we)-319(call)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-284(occurrence)-285(a)-284(miracle)-284(ought)-285(to)-284(be)-284(made)-285(sufficiently)-284(clear)-284(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinct.)-355(In)-285(this)-285(controversy)-285(it)-285(would)-285(greatly)-285(tend)-285(to)-285(precision)-285(if)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-260(used)-261(the)-260(term)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 77.401 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(miracle)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 32.716 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.683 0 Td [(as)-260(distinguished)-261(from)-260(an)-260(occurrence)]TJ -122.644 -13.549 Td [(which)-207(is)-206(supernatural)-207(or)-206(superhuman,)-215(to)-207(denote)-206(only)-207(those)-206(super-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(natural)-203(occurrences)-202(which)-203(have)-202(an)-203(evidential)-202(value)-203(in)-202(connection)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-400(the)-400(evidences)-399(of)-400(a)-400(divine)-400(revelation,)-437(since)-400(there)-400(may)-399(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supernatural)-205(occurrences)-204(which)-205(would)-205(not)-205(be)-204(in)-205(any)-205(proper)-204(sense)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(evidential.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([040])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -15.185 Td [(But)-247(the)-247(further)-247(question)-247(arises,)-247(Is)-247(it)-247(necessary)-247(in)-247(order)-247(to)-247(con-)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(stitute)-268(an)-268(event)-269(a)-268(miracle)-268(that)-268(it)-269(should)-268(be)-268(one)-268(which)-268(transcends)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-429(known)-428(or)-429(the)-428(unknown)-429(forces)-428(of)-429(material)-428(nature)-429(to)-428(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(produced?)-275(It)-259(is)-258(clear)-258(that)-259(to)-258(constitute)-259(an)-258(event)-258(a)-259(miracle)-258(it)-258(must)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +202 0 obj << +/Length 4686 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(II.)-250(Definitions)-250(of)-250(Terms.)-11504(39)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(involve)-228(supernatural)-229(or)-228(superhuman)-228(agency)-228(of)-228(some)-229(kind;)-235(that)-228(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-196(say,)-207(it)-196(must)-197(be)-196(either)-196(supernatural)-196(in)-197(the)-196(mode)-196(of)-196(its)-196(production)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-199(an)-198(objective)-199(fact,)-209(or)-198(superhuman)-199(in)-198(its)-199(productive)-199(elements,)-208(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-246(I)-245(mean,)-246(that)-246(it)-245(must)-246(be)-245(preceded)-246(by)-245(an)-246(announcement)-245(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(it)-275(is)-276(going)-275(to)-275(occur,)-282(which)-275(must)-276(be)-275(beyond)-275(the)-276(sphere)-275(of)-275(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(knowledge.)-249(In)-248(order)-248(to)-247(render)-248(a)-248(supernatural)-248(event)-247(evidential,)-248(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-266(other)-266(words)-266(to)-266(constitute)-266(it)-266(a)-266(miracle,)-270(it)-266(must)-266(not)-266(only)-266(consist)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-208(an)-209(external)-208(objective)-208(fact,)-217(but)-208(its)-209(occurrence)-208(must)-208(be)-208(unknown)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beforehand,)-432(and)-396(take)-396(place)-395(at)-396(the)-396(bidding)-396(of)-395(the)-396(agent.)-687(Such)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(previous)-440(announcement,)-487(or)-440(prediction,)-488(is)-440(necessary)-440(to)-439(render)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-268(a)-267(supernatural)-268(occurrence)-268(in)-267(the)-268(strictest)-268(sense)-267(of)-268(the)-267(word)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-271(miracle.)-313(The)-271(prediction)-271(of)-271(some)-271(occurrence)-271(in)-271(physical)-271(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(previously)-369(unknown)-369(may)-369(therefore)-369(convert)-369(such)-369(an)-369(event)-368(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-353(evidential)-353(miracle,)-379(although)-353(the)-353(occurrence)-353(itself)-353(as)-353(a)-353(mere)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(objective)-306(fact)-307(may)-306(have)-306(been)-306(brought)-306(about)-307(by)-306(some)-306(known)-306(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unknown)-240(forces)-240(of)-240(material)-240(nature.)-247(To)-240(render)-240(it)-240(such)-240(it)-239(would)-240(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessary)-217(that)-217(the)-218(knowledge)-217(of)-217(the)-217(occurrence)-217(should)-217(be)-217(clearly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beyond)-300(the)-300(bounds)-299(of)-300(existing)-300(knowledge.)-400(Thus,)-312(if)-300(any)-299(person,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-383(the)-383(science)-383(of)-383(astronomy)-383(was)-383(utterly)-382(unknown,)-417(had)-382(an-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(nounced)-198(beforehand)-198(the)-198(day)-198(and)-198(the)-198(hour)-198(of)-198(the)-198(occurrence)-198(of)-197(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(next)-279(two)-279(transits)-279(of)-279(Venus,)-286(and)-279(the)-279(various)-279(places)-279(on)-279(the)-279(earth's)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(surface)-384(in)-384(which)-384(they)-384(would)-384(be)-383(visible,)-418(and)-384(if)-384(the)-384(events)-383(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taken)-251(place)-251(accordingly,)-251(this)-251(would)-251(have)-251(unquestionably)-250(proved)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-179(presence)-179(of)-179(superhuman)-179(knowledge.)-226(The)-179(only)-179(question)-179(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-228(such)-227(a)-228(case)-227(would)-228(require)-227(to)-228(be)-227(determined)-228(would)-227(be)-455(whether)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([041])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(such)-264(a)-264(knowledge)-265(must)-264(have)-264(been)-264(communicated)-264(by)-265(God,)-267(or)-264(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-350(being)-350(inferior)-350(to)-351(God.)-550(As)-350(however)-350(none)-350(of)-350(the)-350(miracles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recorded)-273(in)-272(the)-273(New)-273(Testament)-273(have)-272(the)-273(smallest)-273(appearance)-272(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-400(of)-400(this)-399(character,)-438(I)-399(need)-400(not)-400(further)-400(discuss)-400(a)-399(supposed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(case.)-257(My)-252(only)-252(reason)-252(for)-252(referring)-253(to)-252(it)-252(is,)-253(that)-252(if)-252(it)-252(is)-252(supposable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-235(any)-236(of)-235(the)-235(miracles)-236(recorded)-235(in)-235(the)-236(New)-235(Testament)-235(could,)-238(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-244(future)-243(day,)-245(be)-243(shown)-244(to)-243(have)-244(been)-243(due)-244(to)-243(a)-244(combination)-243(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physical)-301(forces,)-315(their)-301(occurring)-301(instantly)-301(at)-302(the)-301(direct)-301(command)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(agent)-250(would)-250(still)-250(give)-250(them)-250(an)-250(evidential)-250(value.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +207 0 obj << +/Length 4748 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(40)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 11.956 -30.759 Td [(But)-191(it)-192(is)-191(clear)-192(that)-191(the)-191(miracles)-192(recorded)-191(in)-192(the)-191(New)-191(Testament,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(if)-181(caused)-181(by)-182(material)-181(forces)-181(at)-181(all,)-195(could)-181(not)-182(have)-181(been)-181(due)-181(to)-181(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ordinary)-267(action.)-300(They)-267(must)-267(have)-267(been)-266(due)-267(either)-267(to)-267(an)-266(unknown)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(combination)-191(of)-191(known)-192(forces,)-202(or)-192(to)-191(the)-191(calling)-191(of)-191(unknown)-191(forces)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(into)-311(activity,)-326(or)-312(to)-311(the)-311(immediate)-311(agency)-311(of)-311(the)-311(divine)-311(mind.)-433(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-304(clear)-303(therefore)-304(that)-304(their)-304(occurrence)-303(as)-304(objective)-304(facts)-303(proves)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-289(presence)-288(of)-289(mind)-288(acting)-289(in)-289(some)-288(way)-289(on)-288(the)-289(material)-288(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-245(nature.)-249(To)-245(determine)-245(the)-245(mode)-245(in)-246(which)-245(this)-245(action)-245(mast)-245(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taken)-325(place)-324(has)-325(nothing)-324(to)-325(do)-324(with)-325(the)-324(question)-325(of)-324(miracles,)-343(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-250(reality)-250(of)-250(their)-250(occurrence.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(A)-277(miracle)-277(therefore)-276(may,)-284(for)-277(all)-276(practical)-277(purposes)-277(of)-277(this)-276(ar-)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(gument,)-216(be)-207(defined)-207(as)-207(an)-207(occurrence)-207(which)-207(cannot)-207(be)-207(effectuated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-299(the)-298(ordinary)-299(action)-299(of)-298(the)-299(known)-299(material)-298(forces)-299(of)-299(the)-298(Uni-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(verse,)-269(and)-266(could)-265(only)-266(have)-265(been)-266(brought)-265(about)-266(by)-265(the)-266(agency)-265(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intelligent)-290(volition;)-310(and)-289(which)-290(is)-290(preceded)-290(by)-290(an)-289(announcement)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-294(the)-294(part)-294(of)-294(the)-295(agent)-294(that)-294(it)-294(is)-294(about)-294(to)-294(happen)-294(or)-294(takes)-294(place)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(directly)-312(on)-312(his)-311(bidding.)-436(The)-311(latter)-312(element,)-327(as)-312(I)-312(have)-311(observed,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-400(essential)-400(to)-401(constitute)-400(the)-400(occurrence)-400(an)-400(evidential)-400(miracle.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Otherwise)-223(in)-223(our)-223(ignorance)-223(of)-223(what)-223(unknown)-223(forces)-223(may)-223(exist)-222(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-280(universe,)-288(we)-280(could)-280(have)-280(no)-280(certainty)-560(that)-280(the)-280(event)-280(was)-280(not)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([042])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(a)-230(mere)-229(unusual)-230(occurrence)-229(effected)-229(by)-230(some)-229(already)-230(existing)-229(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unknown)-255(forces.)-264(To)-255(the)-255(highest)-255(form)-254(of)-255(the)-255(miracles)-255(in)-255(the)-254(New)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Testament,)-250(however,)-250(such)-250(an)-250(idea)-250(would)-250(be)-250(inapplicable.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(It)-469(may)-468(perhaps)-469(here)-469(be)-469(objected)-468(that)-469(in)-469(laying)-469(down)-468(this)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(definition)-286(of)-286(a)-286(miracle,)-294(I)-286(have)-286(not)-286(sufficiently)-286(identified)-286(its)-285(per-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(formance)-216(with)-216(the)-216(governing)-216(power)-216(of)-216(the)-217(universe,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 226.455 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.935 0 Td [(God;)-227(but)]TJ -242.39 -13.549 Td [(that)-231(if)-232(supernatural)-231(agents)-231(exist,)-235(inferior)-232(to)-231(God,)-235(it)-231(may)-232(be)-231(due)-231(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-233(operation;)-239(and)-233(consequently)-234(that)-233(it)-233(may)-234(not)-233(be)-233(evidential)-233(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-291(divine)-290(commission.)-372(This)-291(objection)-291(will)-290(be)-291(fully)-291(considered)-290(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-250(subsequent)-250(portion)-250(of)-250(this)-250(work.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(A)-280(supernatural)-281(event)-280(is)-281(one)-280(which)-280(exceeds)-281(and)-280(which)-280(cannot)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(be)-346(effected)-345(by)-346(any)-346(force)-345(existing)-346(in)-345(material)-346(nature.)-537(But)-345(there)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(must)-396(always)-396(be)-396(a)-395(difficulty)-396(in)-396(determining)-396(whether)-396(an)-395(occur-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rence,)-369(viewed)-345(as)-345(a)-345(bare)-345(objective)-345(fact,)-368(belongs)-345(to)-345(that)-345(class)-345(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +211 0 obj << +/Length 4692 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(II.)-250(Definitions)-250(of)-250(Terms.)-11504(41)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(events)-348(which)-348(is)-348(supernatural,)-373(or)-348(only)-347(to)-348(that)-348(which)-348(is)-348(unusual.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(This)-237(will)-236(always)-237(be)-237(the)-237(case)-236(until)-237(our)-237(knowledge)-236(of)-237(the)-237(forces)-236(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-223(universe)-223(is)-223(so)-223(complete)-223(that)-223(we)-223(can)-223(ascertain)-223(for)-223(certain)-223(what)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-290(the)-290(limits)-290(of)-289(their)-290(possible)-290(action,)-300(and)-290(whether)-290(it)-290(is)-289(possible)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-305(bring)-305(into)-304(action)-305(any)-305(forces)-305(that)-305(may)-304(exist,)-319(but)-305(are)-304(unknown)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-307(us.)-421(In)-307(strict)-307(language)-307(therefore,)-321(it)-307(is)-307(impossible)-307(to)-307(be)-307(certain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whether)-292(an)-292(occurrence,)-303(as)-292(a)-292(bare)-292(objective)-293(fact,)-302(is)-292(supernatural,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(until)-334(we)-334(are)-334(acquainted)-335(with)-334(the)-334(possible)-334(action)-334(of)-334(every)-334(force)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-234(exists)-233(in)-234(the)-234(universe.)-244(This)-234(difficulty,)-237(however,)-237(is)-233(one)-234(that)-233(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(entirely)-212(theoretical,)-219(and)-212(has)-212(not)-211(the)-212(smallest)-212(practical)-211(importance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-197(respect)-197(to)-197(the)-197(miracles)-197(of)-197(the)-197(New)-197(Testament.)-232(Men)-197(have)-197(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(several)-211(thousand)-211(years')-211(experience)-211(of)-211(what)-211(can)-211(be)-211(effected)-211(by)-210(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ordinary)-202(forces)-202(of)-203(material)-202(nature.)-234(Occurrences)-202(which)-202(lie)-202(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-304(power)-303(to)-304(effectuate)-303(prove)-304(the)-304(presence)-303(of)-304(intelligence)-303(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(volition.)-689(The)-396(introduction)-396(of)-397(an)-396(unknown)-793(force)-396(can)-396(only)-396(be)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([043])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(accomplished)-383(by)-382(a)-383(being)-383(who,)-416(although)-382(he)-383(may)-383(be)-382(immanent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-341(nature,)-364(is)-342(yet)-341(capable)-341(of)-342(controlling)-341(its)-341(material)-342(forces.)-523(Oc-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(currences)-439(therefore)-439(which)-438(transcend)-439(the)-439(power)-439(of)-439(the)-438(known)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forces)-329(existing)-329(in)-329(the)-328(universe)-329(to)-329(accomplish,)-349(whether)-329(they)-328(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(material)-308(or)-307(human,)-323(may)-307(for)-308(all)-308(practical)-307(purposes)-308(be)-308(viewed)-307(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supernatural;)-263(that)-258(is)-259(to)-258(say,)-261(they)-258(denote)-259(the)-258(presence)-259(and)-258(agency)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-258(a)-259(being)-258(who)-259(is)-258(possessed)-259(of)-258(power,)-261(intelligence,)-260(and)-258(volition.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Whether)-330(that)-331(being)-330(be)-330(human,)-351(superhuman,)-350(or)-331(divine,)-350(must)-330(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(determined)-250(by)-250(an)-250(intelligent)-250(exercise)-250(of)-250(our)-250(reason.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(It)-333(is)-332(useless)-333(to)-333(discuss)-333(this)-332(question)-333(further.)-498(We)-333(are)-332(dealing)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(with)-281(a)-281(very)-280(definite)-281(question,)-288(the)-281(miraculous)-281(events)-281(recorded)-280(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-350(Gospels.)-551(With)-350(respect)-351(to)-350(the)-350(great)-351(majority)-350(of)-350(them,)-375(there)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(can)-384(be)-383(no)-384(doubt)-383(as)-384(to)-384(their)-383(being)-384(supernatural)-383(occurrences,)-417(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-242(took)-242(place)-242(precisely)-243(as)-242(they)-242(are)-242(recorded.)-247(We)-242(know)-242(enough)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-370(the)-369(ordinary)-370(forces)-369(of)-370(material)-369(nature)-369(to)-370(be)-369(certain)-370(that)-369(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instantaneous)-400(cure)-399(of)-400(a)-399(blind)-400(or)-400(leprous)-399(man)-400(by)-399(a)-400(word)-399(does)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-293(lie)-293(within)-293(the)-293(sphere)-294(of)-293(their)-293(operation.)-379(Such)-293(an)-293(event)-293(must)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(denote)-328(the)-328(special)-328(interposition)-328(of)-328(an)-328(extremely)-328(high)-328(degree)-327(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intelligence)-286(and)-286(power.)-357(Common)-286(sense)-285(will)-286(affirm)-286(that)-286(it)-285(could)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +215 0 obj << +/Length 4516 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(42)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(only)-267(be)-268(brought)-267(about)-267(by)-267(the)-267(intervention)-268(of)-267(the)-267(supreme)-267(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(universe,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 70.288 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.058 0 Td [(God.)]TJ -74.39 -16.004 Td [(In)-264(this)-263(sense)-264(every)-263(supernatural)-264(occurrence)-263(may)-264(be)-263(said)-264(to)-263(be)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(likewise)-382(evidential,)-416(when)-382(we)-383(have)-382(ascertained)-383(for)-382(certain)-382(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-409(is)-408(due)-409(to)-408(supernatural)-409(causes,)-448(and)-409(that)-409(it)-408(cannot)-409(have)-408(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(brought)-318(about)-319(by)-318(the)-318(action)-318(of)-318(unintelligent)-319(forces,)-335(or)-318(by)-318(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-272(are)-272(capable)-272(of)-272(being)-272(modified)-272(by)-272(the)-272(agency)-272(of)-272(man.)-315(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-362(that)-362(case)-361(it)-362(would)-362(only)-361(prove)-362(the)-362(presence)-362(and)-361(intervention)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-284(a)-284(being)-284(who)-284(is)-284(capable)-284(of)-284(controlling)-284(the)-284(unintelligent)-283(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-378(nature.)-635(The)-378(real)-378(difficulty,)-410(as)-379(I)-378(have)-378(observed,)-410(is)-378(to)-378(prove)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-373(supernatural)-373(nature)-373(of)-746(the)-373(occurrence.)-620(But)-373(although,)-403(if)-373(it)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([044])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(was)-311(certainly)-311(supernatural,)-326(it)-310(would)-311(prove)-311(the)-311(intervention)-311(of)-310(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supernatural)-373(agent,)-403(it)-372(would)-373(say)-372(nothing)-373(as)-372(to)-372(the)-373(purpose)-372(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-278(such)-278(an)-277(intervention)-278(took)-278(place.)-333(It)-278(follows)-278(therefore,)-284(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-306(constitute)-307(a)-306(supernatural)-306(occurrence)-307(in)-306(the)-306(strict)-307(sense)-306(of)-306(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(term)-215(a)-216(miracle,)-222(it)-215(must)-215(take)-216(place)-215(after)-215(an)-216(announcement)-215(that)-215(it)-215(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(going)-280(to)-280(happen,)-288(and)-280(take)-280(pl)1(ace)-280(at)-280(the)-280(bidding)-280(of)-280(the)-280(agent)-280(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(performs)-250(it.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-498(is)-499(highly)-498(important,)-560(in)-498(considering)-499(the)-498(miracles)-498(of)-498(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Gospels,)-214(that)-204(the)-205(distinction)-204(between)-205(a)-204(merely)-205(supernatural)-204(event)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-350(an)-350(evidential)-350(miracle)-350(should)-350(be)-350(kept)-350(steadily)-350(in)-350(view.)-549(All)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(creative)-335(acts)-335(would)-334(be)-335(supernatural)-335(events,)-356(but)-335(they)-335(would)-334(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessarily)-380(be)-380(evidential)-380(miracles.)-640(The)-380(incarnation,)-412(and)-380(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occurrences)-320(mentioned)-321(in)-320(the)-320(New)-320(Testament,)-338(are)-320(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ones;)-536(but)-441(to)-440(mix)-441(them)-440(up)-441(with)-441(evidential)-440(miracles)-441(is)-440(simply)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-409(invite)-409(confusion)-409(of)-408(thought.)-727(Another)-409(class)-409(of)-408(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occurrences)-229(mentioned)-230(in)-229(the)-230(New)-229(Testament)-229(seem)-230(to)-229(have)-229(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wrought,)-512(not)-460(for)-460(purposes)-460(directly)-460(evidential,)-512(but)-460(to)-459(awaken)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attention;)-457(and)-388(another)-388(class)-388(of)-388(supernatural)-388(endowments)-388(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vouchsafed,)-376(to)-351(render)-351(it)-351(possible)-350(to)-351(lay)-351(deep)-351(in)-351(human)-350(society)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-234(foundations)-234(of)-234(the)-233(Church)-234(as)-234(a)-234(visible)-234(and)-234(permanent)-233(institu-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tion.)-335(Such)-279(occurrences)-278(are)-279(not)-278(directly)-279(but)-278(indirectly)-278(evidential,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-365(it)-365(will)-365(be)-364(necessary)-365(carefully)-365(to)-365(distinguish)-365(between)-364(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-315(occurrences)-314(brought)-315(about)-315(for)-314(directly)-315(evidential)-314(purposes.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +219 0 obj << +/Length 4878 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(II.)-250(Definitions)-250(of)-250(Terms.)-11504(43)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(To)-364(keep)-364(this)-364(distinction)-364(clear,)-393(I)-363(shall)-364(designate)-364(the)-364(last)-364(by)-364(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(term)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 23.126 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(miracle.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 35.443 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.973 0 Td [(A)-287(miracle)-287(is)-287(supernatural)-286(in)-287(two)-287(ways:)-324(namely,)]TJ -71.386 -13.549 Td [(in)-459(the)-460(agency)-459(which)-460(produced)-459(the)-459(objective)-460(fact,)-512(and)-459(in)-459(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(announcement)-250(of)-250(its)-250(occurrence.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-311(common)-311(definition)-311(of)-311(a)-312(miracle,)-326(as)-311(a)-311(violation)-311(or)-311(a)-311(sus-)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(pension)-307(of)-308(the)-307(laws)-308(of)-307(nature,)-322(is)-307(open)-307(to)-308(very)-307(grave)-307(objections.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-200(question,)-209(as)-200(I)-199(have)-200(observed,)-209(at)-399(once)-200(arises,)-209(what)-200(is)-199(included)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([045])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(under)-353(nature?)-557(It)-353(also)-352(assumes)-353(that)-352(we)-353(are)-352(acquainted)-353(with)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mode)-205(in)-205(which)-205(miraculous)-204(agency)-205(must)-205(be)-205(exerted;)-220(which)-205(we)-204(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not.)-237(Other)-211(definitions)-211(which)-211(have)-211(been)-211(proposed)-211(take)-211(for)-210(granted)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(positions)-438(which)-438(those)-438(who)-438(undertake)-438(to)-438(prove)-438(the)-438(credibility)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-349(miracles)-349(ought)-349(never)-350(to)-349(concede.)-547(The)-349(plain)-349(fact)-349(is,)-374(that)-349(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-309(simply)-308(ignorant)-309(of)-308(the)-309(mode)-309(in)-308(which)-309(God)-308(acts)-309(on)-308(material)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature;)-352(and)-318(every)-317(definition)-318(must)-318(be)-318(faulty)-318(which)-318(assumes)-317(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-432(have)-433(that)-432(knowledge.)-797(To)-432(say)-433(that)-432(miracles)-432(must)-432(involve)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(even)-379(a)-378(suspension)-379(of)-378(the)-379(laws)-378(of)-379(nature)-378(introduces)-379(a)-378(needless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(difficulty.)-572(No)-358(law)-357(or)-358(force)-357(of)-357(nature)-358(need)-357(be)-358(suspended)-357(in)-357(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action)-270(to)-269(render)-270(the)-269(occurrence)-270(of)-270(a)-269(supernatural)-270(event)-269(possible.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(All)-345(that)-345(is)-345(necessary)-345(is)-345(that)-345(forces)-345(should)-345(be)-345(introduced)-345(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-276(capable)-276(of)-277(overbalancing)-276(the)-276(action)-276(of)-276(opposing)-277(forces.)-328(It)-276(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(extremely)-273(inaccurate)-272(to)-273(affirm)-272(that)-272(the)-273(force)-272(of)-273(gravitation)-272(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-340(suspended)-339(in)-340(order)-339(to)-340(render)-339(possible)-340(either)-339(walking)-340(on)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(water,)-250(or)-250(an)-250(ascent)-250(into)-250(the)-250(sky.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-360(is)-360(equally)-360(unwise)-361(and)-360(unphilosophical)-360(to)-360(affirm)-360(that)-360(God)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(cannot)-202(work)-201(a)-202(miracle)-201(by)-201(the)-202(use)-201(of)-202(intermediate)-201(agencies,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 253.839 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.882 0 Td [(by)]TJ -269.721 -13.549 Td [(the)-197(partial)-197(employment)-197(of)-197(the)-197(forces)-197(of)-196(the)-197(material)-197(universe.)-233(It)-196(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(true)-268(that)-269(in)-268(most)-268(of)-269(the)-268(miracles)-268(recorded)-269(in)-268(the)-268(New)-268(Testament)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-251(cannot)-251(affirm)-250(the)-251(use)-251(of)-251(such)-250(media,)-251(although)-251(we)-251(observe)-250(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(economy)-360(in)-359(the)-360(use)-359(of)-360(divine)-360(power:)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 171.664 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.645 0 Td [(no)-360(power)-359(is)-360(exerted)]TJ -191.309 -13.549 Td [(beyond)-334(that)-334(which)-335(is)-334(necessary)-334(to)-334(produce)-334(the)-334(particular)-334(result)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-387(question.)-661(But)-387(in)-387(the)-387(Old)-387(Testament)-387(the)-387(use)-387(of)-387(such)-387(media)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-327(unquestionably)-327(affirmed.)-480(To)-327(lay)-327(down)-326(in)-327(our)-327(definition)-327(of)-326(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(miracle)-348(a)-347(particular)-348(theory)-348(as)-348(to)-347(the)-348(mode)-348(in)-347(which)-348(it)-348(must)-347(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accomplished,)-202(involves)-189(the)-190(whole)-189(subject)-190(in)-189(needless)-189(difficulties.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +223 0 obj << +/Length 4727 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(44)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 11.956 -30.759 Td [(This)-268(question)-268(has)-268(been)-268(obscured)-268(by)-268(representing)-268(a)-268(miracle)-267(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(performed)-297(by)-297(the)-296(intervention)-297(of)-297(a)-297(higher)-593(law,)-309(superseding)-296(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([046])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(action)-341(of)-341(a)-341(lower)-341(one.)-523(This)-341(introduces)-341(the)-341(conception)-340(of)-341(force)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-260(the)-260(idea)-260(of)-260(law,)-262(and)-260(leads)-260(to)-260(confusion)-260(of)-260(thought.)-280(Laws,)-262(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-259(invariable)-259(sequences)-260(between)-259(phenomena,)-261(are)-259(neither)-259(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nor)-401(powers.)-704(The)-401(counteraction)-401(of)-401(one)-402(force)-401(by)-401(another)-401(is)-401(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(event)-276(of)-277(daily)-276(occurrence.)-329(All)-276(that)-276(is)-276(needful)-277(for)-276(the)-276(working)-276(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-237(miracle)-237(is)-236(the)-237(intervention)-237(of)-237(a)-237(force)-236(or)-237(mental)-237(energy)-237(which)-236(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capable)-238(of)-239(acting)-238(on)-238(matter,)-241(and)-238(of)-239(overbalancing)-238(those)-238(ordinary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(forces)-250(which)-250(would)-250(produce)-250(a)-250(contrary)-250(result.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-326(has)-326(also)-326(been)-326(urged)-326(that)-326(miracles)-326(may)-326(obey)-326(a)-326(law)-326(of)-325(mir-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(acles.)-585(The)-361(best)-362(illustrati)1(on)-362(of)-361(this)-362(idea)-361(is)-362(that)-361(which)-362(has)-361(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supplied)-297(from)-296(the)-297(supposed)-296(operations)-297(of)-296(Mr.)-390(Babbage's)-296(calcu-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lating)-197(machine.)-233(He)-197(supposes)-198(that)-197(a)-197(machine)-198(might)-197(be)-197(constructed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-400(could)-399(go)-400(on)-399(grinding)-400(out)-399(a)-399(particular)-400(set)-399(of)-400(results)-399(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-440(long,)-487(yet)-439(definite)-440(period)-439(of)-440(time;)-534(then)-440(by)-439(the)-440(operation)-439(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-341(same)-341(machine,)-364(that)-341(a)-341(fresh)-341(order)-342(might)-341(be)-341(introduced;)-386(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(afterwards)-321(that)-320(it)-320(might)-321(revert)-320(to)-321(the)-320(original)-321(one;)-356(and)-320(that)-320(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(operation)-418(might)-417(be)-418(continued)-417(for)-417(ever.)-753(If)-417(therefore)-418(the)-417(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Author)-228(of)-228(nature)-228(had)-228(so)-228(planned)-228(the)-228(machine)-228(of)-228(the)-228(universe)-227(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(whenever)-322(a)-322(miracle)-322(was)-322(requisite)-322(in)-322(His)-322(scheme)-322(of)-321(Providence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-232(abnormal)-232(event)-232(occurred,)-235(like)-232(the)-232(new)-232(series)-232(introduced)-231(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-235(calculating)-235(mill,)-238(in)-235(that)-235(case)-235(miracles)-235(might)-235(be)-235(said)-235(to)-234(follow)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-315(definite)-315(law,)-331(which)-315(might)-314(be)-315(designated)-315(the)-315(law)-315(and)-315(order)-314(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miraculous)-250(intervention.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-326(is)-325(impossible)-326(to)-325(deny)-326(the)-326(ingenuity)-325(of)-326(this)-325(theory,)-345(but)-325(un-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(fortunately)-384(it)-385(is)-384(not)-384(only)-385(one)-384(which)-384(takes)-385(for)-384(granted)-384(that)-384(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(perfection)-353(of)-352(mechanical)-353(contrivance)-352(is)-353(the)-353(only)-352(thing)-353(that)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Creator)-229(had)-230(in)-229(view)-229(in)-230(the)-229(production)-230(of)-229(the)-229(universe,)-234(but)-229(even)-229(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-270(were)-271(an)-270(unquestionable)-270(fact,)-276(it)-270(could)-270(afford)-271(us)-270(no)-270(help)-270(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(respect)-299(to)-298(all)-299(the)-298(most)-299(important)-299(miracles)-298(recorded)-299(in)-298(the)-597(New)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([047])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Testament.)-303(How)-268(is)-267(it)-268(possible,)-272(I)-267(ask,)-272(to)-268(account)-268(for)-267(many)-268(of)-267(our)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Lord's)-318(miracles)-317(on)-318(such)-317(a)-318(supposit)1(ion?)-453(It)-317(is)-318(expressly)-317(affirmed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-291(this)-291(supernatural)-291(energy)-291(was)-291(frequently)-291(made)-291(to)-291(depend)-290(on)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +228 0 obj << +/Length 4800 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(II.)-250(Definitions)-250(of)-250(Terms.)-11504(45)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-218(faith)-219(of)-218(the)-218(person)-219(who)-218(invoked)-218(His)-218(help.)-240(Could)-218(any)-218(miracle-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(working)-190(mill)-191(be)-190(even)-190(conceived)-191(of,)-202(which)-190(could)-191(bring)-190(out,)-202(as)-190(part)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-305(the)-305(normal)-305(law)-305(of)-305(its)-305(operations,)-319(the)-305(cure)-305(of)-305(blind,)-319(deaf,)-318(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(leprous)-270(men)-270(by)-270(a)-269(word,)-275(or)-270(effectuate)-270(His)-270(own)-270(resurrection)-269(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-256(dead,)-257(or)-256(ascension)-255(into)-256(Heaven?)-267(Such)-256(occurrences)-256(could)-255(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-223(produced)-223(by)-223(the)-222(action)-223(of)-223(any)-223(machine)-223(which)-223(has)-223(the)-222(smallest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(analogy)-403(to)-403(a)-404(calculating)-403(mill.)-709(But)-404(further:)-556(such)-403(an)-403(operation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-329(be)-329(impotent)-330(to)-329(answer)-329(the)-329(purposes)-329(of)-329(a)-330(miracle,)-348(unless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-260(particular)-261(result)-260(was)-260(announced)-260(beforehand)-261(by)-260(one)-260(who)-260(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(completely)-293(ignorant)-292(that)-293(the)-292(machine)-293(was)-292(capable)-293(of)-292(producing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-300(extraordinary)-300(results.)-401(This)-300(ignorance)-300(would)-300(likewise)-300(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-320(be)-320(extended)-320(to)-320(those)-320(to)-320(whom)-320(the)-320(announcement)-320(was)-320(made.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-340(would)-341(also)-340(be)-340(necessary)-340(that)-341(the)-340(announcer)-340(should)-340(proclaim)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-339(on)-339(a)-339(particular)-339(day)-339(and)-339(hour)-339(the)-339(machine)-339(would)-339(grind)-338(out)]TJ 0 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Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.203 0 Td [(remains)-400(to)-399(be)-400(considered.)-698(It)-400(need)]TJ -125.003 -13.549 Td [(not)-326(detain)-326(us)-326(long.)-478(Superhuman)-326(implies)-326(a)-326(result)-326(brought)-326(about)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-364(the)-364(intervention)-364(of)-364(a)-364(being)-364(superior)-364(to)-364(man.)-592(Whether)-363(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-329(agent)-329(be)-329(divine)-329(or)-329(otherwise)-329(can)-329(only)-329(be)-329(determined)-329(by)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(exercise)-429(of)-429(our)-429(reason.)-787(It)-429(has)-429(been)-429(objected)-429(that)-429(the)-429(agency)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-567(produces)-283(an)-283(earthquake)-284(is)-283(a)-283(superhuman)-284(agency,)-291(that)-283(is,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([048])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(it)-248(exceeds)-248(the)-248(powers)-248(of)-248(man)-248(to)-248(produce)-248(it.)-249(Granted:)-249(but)-248(this)-248(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-364(bearing)-364(on)-364(the)-364(subject)-364(under)-364(discussion.)-592(When)-363(we)-364(use)-364(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(word)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 25.367 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(superhuman)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 53.324 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.793 0 Td [(we)-270(always)-271(mean)-270(by)-271(it,)-275(not)-270(the)-271(action)-270(of)-271(the)]TJ -91.328 -13.549 Td [(unintelligent)-293(forces)-292(of)-293(material)-293(nature,)-303(but)-293(of)-293(a)-293(being)-292(possessed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-250(intelligence)-250(and)-250(will.)]TJ 11.955 -16.004 Td [(There)-308(is)-307(a)-308(large)-308(number)-308(of)-307(other)-308(subjects)-308(having)-308(an)-308(inti)1(mate)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(bearing)-414(on)-414(the)-415(correct)-414(definition)-414(of)-415(the)-414(terms)-414(habitually)-414(used)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +233 0 obj << +/Length 577 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(46)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-426(this)-425(controversy,)-470(and)-426(which)-425(greatly)-426(modify)-426(their)-425(meaning.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(These)-223(however)-223(will)-223(best)-223(be)-223(considered)-223(when)-223(I)-223(enter)-223(on)-223(the)-223(direct)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discussion)-250(of)-250(the)-250(possibility)-250(and)-250(the)-250(credibility)-250(of)-250(miracles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 -29.651 Td [([049])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +241 0 obj << +/Length 3120 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 18.9589 Tf 46.771 479.321 Td [(Chapter)-267(III.)-266(The)-267(Supernatural)]TJ 0 -24.647 Td [(Elements)-262(Contained)-261(in)-262(the)-261(New)]TJ 0 -24.646 Td [(Testament:)-284(In)-267(What)-267(Do)-268(They)]TJ 0 -24.647 Td [(Consist?)-280(And)-260(What)-260(View)-260(Do)-260(Its)]TJ 0 -24.646 Td [(Writers)-250(Take)-250(Respecting)-250(Them?)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 0 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[(if)-251(we)-250(could)-251(ascertain)-251(the)-250(mode)-251(adopted)-251(by)-250(them)-251(of)-250(commending)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christianity)-473(to)-473(their)-473(acceptance,)-529(and)-473(what)-473(use)-473(was)-472(made)-473(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-273(of)-273(the)-273(supernatural)-273(power)-273(with)-273(which)-273(they)-273(professed)-273(to)-272(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(endowed.)]TJ 11.956 -15.414 Td [(First:)-615(It)-432(is)-432(impossible)-433(to)-432(read)-432(the)-433(New)-432(Testament)-432(without)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(arriving)-211(at)-210(the)-211(conclusion)-211(that)-211(the)-210(superhuman)-211(character)-211(which)-210(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascribed)-305(to)-305(Jesus)-304(Christ)-305(is)-305(perfectly)-305(unique,)-318(and)-305(differs)-304(entirely)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-262(that)-262(which)-262(is)-263(ascribed)-262(to)-262(any)-262(other)-262(person.)-286(Others)-262(wrought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles;)-269(but)-263(they)-263(were)-263(men)-262(like)-263(ourselves.)-288(But)-263(in)-263(the)-263(person)-262(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Jesus)-311(Christ)-311(the)-312(supernatural)-311(is)-311(represented)-311(as)-312(inherent.)-433(To)-311(say)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-186(he)-185(possessed)-186(the)-185(power)-186(of)-185(working)-186(miracles,)-198(is)-186(an)-185(inadequate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(statement)-357(of)-356(the)-357(fact.)-570(Although)-357(he)-356(embodies)-357(the)-357(perfection)-356(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(human)-280(nature)-281(with)-280(all)-281(its)-280(finite)-281(limitations,)-288(the)-280(supernatural)-280(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-272(divine)-272(take)-272(up)-272(their)-543(abode)-272(in)-272(his)-272(personality.)-316(Whenever)-271(our)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([050])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +245 0 obj << +/Length 5819 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(48)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(Lord)-188(is)-188(represented)-188(as)-188(working)-187(miracles,)-201(he)-188(is)-188(always)-187(represented)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-315(performing)-314(them)-315(by)-314(a)-315(power)-314(which)-315(was)-314(inherent)-315(in)-314(himself.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(This)-306(is)-306(never)-306(once)-307(attributed)-306(to)-306(his)-306(followers.)-418(The)-306(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action)-379(which)-379(is)-379(ascribed)-378(to)-379(Jesus)-379(Christ)-379(must)-379(be)-379(viewed,)-411(as)-378(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(case)-293(distinct)-292(and)-293(separate,)-304(by)-292(itself.)-378(The)-293(miracles)-293(performed)-292(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-259(are)-258(not)-259(only)-258(evidential,)-261(but)-258(also)-259(portions)-258(of)-259(his)-258(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(manifestation.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(According)-309(to)-309(the)-309(author)-309(of)-309(the)-309(fourth)-309(Gospel,)-324(our)-309(Lord)-308(him-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(self)-243(rarely)-243(designated)-243(them)-244(by)-243(either)-243(of)-243(the)-243(three)-243(terms)-243(by)-243(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles)-483(are)-483(usually)-483(designated)-484(in)-483(the)-483(New)-483(Testament,)-541(viz.,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(signs,)-346(wonders,)-346(and)-327(mighty)-327(works)-327(\050)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 160.06 0 Td [(\303\267\274\265)]TJ/F38 10.9091 Tf 21.501 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 3.208 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 5.727 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 6.503 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F38 10.9091 Tf 4.691 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 4.582 0 Td [(\301\261\304\261)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.36 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 6.504 0 Td [(\264\305\275)]TJ/F38 10.9091 Tf 16.287 0 Td [(q)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 5.727 0 Td [(\274\265\271\302)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.12 0 Td [(\051.)]TJ -274.27 -13.55 Td [(He)-252(almost)-253(uniformly)-252(called)-253(them)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 147.09 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Works)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 29.084 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.598 0 Td [(\050)]TJ/F38 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 4.582 0 Td [(\301\263\261)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.124 0 Td [(\051.)-257(An)-253(important)]TJ -212.953 -13.549 Td [(distinction)-280(is)-281(here)-280(intended.)-342(Our)-280(Lord)-281(did)-280(not)-281(view)-280(his)-280(miracles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-206(a)-206(separate)-205(class)-206(of)-206(actions)-206(by)-206(themselves,)-214(but)-206(as)-206(portions)-206(of)-205(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ordinary)-301(superhuman)-301(working,)-314(and)-302(as)-301(having)-301(a)-301(distinct)-301(relation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-295(his)-294(entire)-295(character.)-383(Four)-295(passages)-294(will)-295(be)-294(sufficient)-295(to)-294(show)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(this)-249(clearly.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 53.621 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(The)-249(works)-250(that)-249(I)-250(do)-249(in)-249(my)-250(Father's)-249(name,)-250(they)-249(bear)]TJ -58.464 -13.549 Td [(witness)-329(of)-330(me.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 65.059 0 Td [(\035)-329(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.28 0 Td [(My)-329(Father)-330(worketh)-329(hitherto,)-349(and)-330(I)-329(work.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 181.745 0 Td [(\035)-329(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.281 0 Td [(If)]TJ -273.365 -13.549 Td [(ye)-278(believe)-278(not)-278(me,)-284(believe)-278(the)-278(works.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 164.291 0 Td [(\035)-278(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.719 0 Td [(Many)-278(good)-278(works)-278(have)]TJ -177.01 -13.549 Td [(I)-317(showed)-317(you)-317(from)-318(my)-317(Father;)-350(for)-318(which)-317(of)-317(those)-317(works)-317(do)-317(ye)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stone)-263(me?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 44.07 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.709 0 Td [(When)-263(contemplated)-262(by)-263(others)-263(only,)-266(they)-262(assume)-263(the)]TJ -51.779 -13.55 Td [(form)-314(of)-314(signs)-313(and)-314(wonders:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 126.279 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Except)-314(ye)-314(see)-313(signs)-314(and)-314(wonders,)]TJ -131.123 -13.549 Td [(ye)-311(will)-311(not)-311(believe.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 85.624 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.236 0 Td [(It)-311(is)-311(highly)-311(important)-311(that)-311(we)-311(should)-311(keep)]TJ -93.86 -13.549 Td [(steadily)-238(in)-238(view)-238(that)-237(the)-238(divine)-238(character)-238(attributed)-238(to)-238(Jesus)-238(is)-237(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-351(means)-351(restricted)-352(to)-351(the)-351(performance)-351(of)-351(miracles;)-402(but)-351(that)-351(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extends)-257(throughout)-256(his)-257(entire)-256(working,)-258(and)-257(that)-256(the)-257(two)-256(together)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(constitute)-304(an)-303(harmonious)-304(whole.)-410(It)-304(pertains)-303(no)-304(less)-303(to)-304(its)-303(moral)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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Td [(to)-405(him,)-444(viz.,)-444(those)-405(in)-405(which)-405(he)-405(is)-405(recorded)-405(to)-405(have)-405(expressly)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +259 0 obj << +/Length 4420 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 316.492 548.934 Td [(51)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -269.721 -30.759 Td [(forbidden)-204(the)-204(persons)-204(whom)-204(he)-203(healed)-204(to)-204(publish)-204(the)-204(fact.)-235(As)-204(it)-203(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evident)-286(that)-285(these)-286(miracles)-285(could)-286(only)-285(have)-286(become)-285(extensively)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(known)-400(by)-399(the)-400(persons)-399(cured)-400(disobeying)-400(his)-399(orders,)-437(it)-400(is)-399(clear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-322(they)-322(could)-322(not)-321(have)-322(been)-322(directly)-322(performed)-322(for)-321(evidential)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(purposes,)-205(but)-194(were)-194(the)-194(manifestations)-194(of)-194(the)-194(divine)-194(which)-193(resided)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(his)-250(person.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td 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[(that)-272(the)-272(evidence)-273(of)-272(his)-272(divine)-272(mission)-272(was)-272(exclusively)-272(founded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-230(the)-231(testimony)-230(of)-230(miracles.)-243(To)-231(state)-230(the)-230(point)-230(distinctly:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 250.325 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(This)]TJ -261.234 -13.549 Td [(Gospel)-351(places)-352(the)-351(evidence)-351(afforded)-351(by)-352(our)-351(Lord's)-351(own)-351(divine)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(person,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 34.988 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.135 0 Td [(the)-283(moral)-566(evidence)-283(of)-283(his)-283(mission,)-291(in)-283(the)-283(first)-283(rank,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 238.901 0 Td [([056])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(his)-250(miraculous)-250(works)-250(in)-250(the)-250(second.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(As)-195(this)-196(is)-195(a)-195(point)-196(of)-195(considerable)-195(importance,)-207(and)-195(one)-195(to)-195(which)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td 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[(the)-329(world,)-349(that)-329(whosoever)-329(believeth)-329(on)-329(me)-329(should)-329(not)-329(abide)-329(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(darkness.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 40.899 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.311 0 Td [(\050John)-226(xii.)-242(45,)-231(46.\051)-242(Again,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 111.569 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(I)-226(am)-226(the)-227(light)-226(of)-226(the)-226(world;)]TJ -164.622 -13.55 Td [(he)-320(that)-319(followeth)-320(me)-319(shall)-320(not)-319(walk)-320(in)-319(darkness,)-337(but)-320(shall)-319(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-328(light)-329(of)-328(life.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 70.44 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.426 0 Td [(\050John)-328(viii.)-485(12.\051)-485(It)-329(is)-328(impossible)-328(to)-329(read)-328(these)]TJ -78.866 -13.549 Td [(and)-309(kindred)-310(passages)-309(without)-310(feeling)-309(that)-309(our)-310(Lord)-309(appealed)-309(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(something)-375(else)-376(besides)-375(his)-375(miraculous)-375(works,)-407(viewed)-375(as)-375(mere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(objective)-350(facts,)-375(as)-351(a)-350(proof)-350(of)-350(his)-350(divine)-351(mission.)-550(He)-350(evidently)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(places)-209(the)-209(highest)-208(proof)-209(of)-209(it)-209(in)-209(his)-208(great)-209(moral)-209(and)-209(spiritual)-208(man-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ifestation.)-393(He)-298(asserts)-297(the)-298(possession)-298(of)-297(an)-298(inherent)-297(illumination)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-369(his)-369(own)-369(divine)-369(Person)-369(in)-369(union)-369(with)-369(the)-369(great)-369(truths)-368(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-328(enunciated,)-347(and)-327(the)-328(entire)-328(course)-327(of)-328(his)-328(divine)-327(working.)-483(To)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-329(mind)-329(capable)-328(of)-329(appreciating)-329(a)-329(manifestation)-328(of)-329(holiness,)-348(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(and)-328(wonders,)-348(ye)-329(will)-328(not)-329(believe.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 149.015 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.426 0 Td [(\050John)-328(iv.)-486(48.\051)-485(These)-328(words)]TJ -157.441 -13.55 Td [(can)-335(only)-335(imply)-335(that,)-356(in)-335(the)-335(opinion)-335(of)-335(the)-334(speaker,)-357(there)-335(was)-334(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-231(and)-232(spiritual)-231(attestation)-231(of)-232(his)-231(divine)-231(mission,)-235(which)-231(stood)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(higher)-312(than)-312(objective)-312(miracles;)-343(and)-312(that)-312(those)-312(who)-312(witnessed)-311(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ought)-250(to)-250(have)-250(received)-250(it)-250(as)-250(such.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(In)-199(John)-199(vi.)-233(30,)-210(ff.,)-209(a)-199(remarkable)-199(dialogue)-199(is)-199(described)-199(as)-199(taking)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(place)-310(between)-311(our)-310(Lord)-311(and)-310(the)-311(Jews)-310(on)-310(this)-311(very)-310(subject.)-431(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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Td [(see)-269(and)-270(believe)-269(thee?)-308(what)-269(dost)-269(thou)-270(work?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 191.243 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.781 0 Td [(They)-269(then)-270(proceed)]TJ -199.024 -13.549 Td [(to)-364(define)-365(the)-364(particular)-365(sign)-364(which)-365(they)-364(wish)-365(to)-364(see)-364(exhibited,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-383(making)-382(an)-383(invidious)-382(comparison)-383(between)-382(his)-383(miracles)-382(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-387(of)-386(Moses,)-421(viewed)-387(as)-387(mere)-386(objective)-387(facts.)-660(In)-387(reply)-386(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lord)-329(does)-329(not)-329(appeal)-329(directly)-329(to)-329(even)-329(the)-329(miracle)-329(of)-329(which)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Evangelist)-358(had)-358(just)-359(described)-358(the)-358(performance;)-412(but)-358(throughout)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-330(remainder)-330(of)-329(the)-660(chapter,)-350(he)-329(proceeds)-330(to)-330(draw)-330(attention)-329(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([058])]TJ/F16 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0 Td [(says)-232(the)-233(Apostle,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 76.429 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-233(image)]TJ -238.101 -13.549 Td [(of)-404(the)-405(invisible)-404(God;)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 95.053 0 Td [(\035)-404(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.099 0 Td [(in)-404(him)-405(dwelleth)-404(all)-405(the)-404(fulness)-404(of)-405(the)]TJ -109.152 -13.549 Td [(Godhead)-217(bodily.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 72.359 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.21 0 Td [(Both)-217(passages)-217(affirm,)-223(as)-217(the)-217(writer's)-217(view,)-224(that)]TJ -79.569 -13.55 Td [(all)-250(revelation)-250(is)-250(made)-250(in)-250(the)-250(person)-250(of)-250(Jesus)-250(Christ.)]TJ 11.955 -18.458 Td [(It)-210(follows,)-219(therefore,)-218(that)-210(the)-210(Christian)-211(revelation)-210(in)-210(its)-211(highest)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(sense)-275(is)-276(not)-275(a)-276(body)-275(of)-276(abstract)-275(dogmas,)-282(but)-276(that)-275(it)-276(consists)-275(of)-275(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(are)-253(historical)-254(in)-253(character,)-254(with)-253(one)-253(exception,)-254(and)-254(as)-253(far)-253(as)-253(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(treat)-324(of)-324(doctrines,)-342(they)-324(may)-324(be)-324(viewed)-324(as)-324(commentaries)-324(on)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Divine)-250(fact)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Incarnation.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +325 0 obj << +/Length 4687 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(IV.)-250(Miracles,)-250(What)-250(Do)-250(They)-250(Prove?)-6784(65)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 11.956 -30.759 Td [(It)-298(follows,)-310(therefore,)-311(that)-298(the)-298(essence)-298(of)-298(Christianity)-298(consists)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-290(a)-291(superhuman)-290(or)-290(divine)-291(fact,)-300(the)-290(Incarnation.)-371(In)-291(this)-290(point)-290(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(view)-300(the)-300(supernatural)-300(is)-299(not)-300(only)-300(a)-300(concomitant)-300(of)-299(Christianity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-319(it)-318(constitutes)-319(its)-319(essence.)-456(It)-319(is)-319(the)-318(manifestation)-319(of)-319(a)-318(super-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(natural)-404(and)-403(superhuman)-404(being)-404(appearing)-403(within)-404(the)-404(sphere)-403(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-327(natural)-327(and)-327(the)-327(human.)-481(It)-327(cannot)-327(be)-327(too)-327(carefully)-327(observed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(throughout)-424(this)-425(entire)-424(controversy)-425(that)-424(the)-425(character)-424(which)-424(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascribed)-347(to)-347(Jesus)-347(Christ,)-371(while)-347(it)-347(embraces)-347(every)-347(perfection)-346(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man,)-239(is)-237(no)-236(less)-237(superhuman)-236(than)-237(the)-236(powers)-237(which)-236(are)-236(attributed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-410(him)-410(are)-411(supernatural.)-730(In)-410(this)-411(sense)-410(the)-410(supernatural)-410(is)-410(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(merely)-250(an)-250(evidence)-250(of)-250(revelation,)-250(but)-250(its)-250(essence.)]TJ 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[(manifestation,)-250(and)-250(as)-250(possessing)-250(an)-250(evidential)-250(value.)]TJ 11.956 -16.003 Td [(It)-427(is)-427(clear,)-471(therefore,)-471(that)-427(a)-427(supernatural)-427(event)-427(such)-427(as)-426(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(Incarnation,)-287(if)-280(evidential,)-287(can)-279(only)-280(be)-279(self-evidential.)-339(It)-280(was)-279(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wrought)-337(for)-336(the)-337(purpose)-337(of)-336(proving)-337(anything.)-510(But,)-358(as)-337(we)-336(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seen,)-436(the)-399(sacred)-399(writers)-399(and)-398(our)-399(Lord)-399(himself)-399(assert)-399(that)-399(in)-398(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certain)-241(sense)-241(it)-241(was)-241(self-evidential.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 154.688 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(For)-241(the)-241(life)-241(was)-241(manifested,)]TJ -159.532 -13.549 Td [(and)-344(we)-343(have)-344(seen)-343(it)-344(and)-343(bear)-344(witness,)-366(and)-344(show)-343(unto)-344(you)-343(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(eternal)-295(life)-295(which)-295(was)-296(with)-295(the)-295(Father)-295(and)-295(was)-295(manifested)-295(unto)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 12.426 0 Td [(\035)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +329 0 obj << +/Length 4816 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(66)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 11.956 -30.759 Td [(A)-453(recent)-453(writer)-453(affirms)-453(that)-453(Christianity)-453(professes)-453(to)-453(be)-453(a)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(revelation)-267(of)-267(supernatural)-267(truths)-267(utterly)-267(inconceivable)-267(to)-266(reason,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-456(that)-455(such)-456(truths)-456(can)-455(only)-456(be)-456(proved)-455(by)-456(miracles.)-867(I)-455(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(understand)-262(what)-262(is)-262(meant)-261(by)-262(a)-262(truth)-262(derived)-262(from)-262(a)-261(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(source)-275(of)-275(information,)-281(or)-275(one)-275(respecting)-275(a)-275(supernatural)-275(being)-274(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occurrence:)-511(but)-381(what)-380(a)-381(supernatural)-381(truth)-380(can)-381(be)-380(contradistin-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guished)-248(from)-247(other)-248(kinds)-247(of)-248(truth)-248(is)-247(far)-248(from)-247(evident.)-249(Revelation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-260(disclose)-260(truths)-260(which)-260(reason)-260(alone)-260(would)-260(have)-260(been)-260(unable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-289(discover;)-309(but)-289(this)-289(does)-289(not)-289(make)-289(the)-289(truths)-290(themselves,)-298(when)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(they)-250(are)-250(discovered,)-250(either)-250(supernatural)-250(or)-250(incomprehensible.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(I)-184(will)-184(now)-184(proceed)-184(to)-184(consider)-184(whether)-184(there)-184(is)-184(any)-184(real)-183(ground)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td 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[(and)-234(that)-234(their)-234(moral)-234(environment)-234(cannot)-234(be)-234(taken)-234(into)-234(account)-233(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(estimating)-281(their)-280(evidential)-281(value.)-342(For)-281(this)-280(purpose)-281(he)-281(quotes)-280(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(following)-347(passage)-346(from)-347(Dr.)-539(Mozley's)-347(Bampton)-346(Lectures:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 261.55 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Dr.)]TJ -266.394 -13.55 Td [(Mozley,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 36.055 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.631 0 Td [(says)-256(he,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 37.401 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(supposes)-256(the)-255(case,)-257(that)-255(if)-256(a)-256(person)-255(of)-256(evident)]TJ -85.93 -13.549 Td [(integrity)-355(and)-356(loftiness)-355(of)-356(character)-355(had)-356(appeared)-355(eighteen)-355(cen-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(turies)-317(ago)-316(announcing)-317(himself)-317(as)-316(pre-existing)-317(from)-317(all)-316(eternity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(or)-278(obligation.)-334(The)-278(only)-278(thing)-278(which)-278(it)-278(can)-278(aid)-278(in)-278(establishing)-277(is,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-288(one)-288(invested)-289(with)-288(a)-288(divine)-288(commission)-289(may)-288(have)-288(a)-288(right)-288(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(claim)-313(obedience)-313(to)-313(special)-313(precepts)-313(on)-313(the)-313(authority)-313(of)-313(God,)-328(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whom)-250(all)-250(moral)-250(obligation)-250(centres.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But)-428(even)-428(in)-428(this)-428(case,)-472(the)-428(ground)-428(on)-428(which)-429(the)-428(obligation)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(rests)-404(is)-403(a)-404(moral)-404(one,)-442(which)-403(no)-404(miracle)-404(can)-403(possibly)-404(prove)-403(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-340(confirm.)-521(A)-341(moral)-340(teacher)-340(can)-341(only)-340(appeal)-340(to)-341(that)-340(in)-340(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(them)-313(out)-313(for)-312(himself.)-439(The)-313(most)-312(highly)-313(gifted)-313(man)-313(would)-312(make)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(slow)-380(progress)-379(without)-380(a)-379(teacher.)-639(As)-380(I)-379(have)-380(already)-379(observed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-364(truth)-364(is)-364(capable)-364(of)-364(being)-364(taught)-364(like)-364(all)-364(other)-364(truth;)-420(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(although)-448(a)-449(miracle)-448(cannot)-449(prove)-448(it,)-498(it)-448(may)-449(establish)-448(the)-448(fact)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-343(the)-343(worker)-343(of)-344(one)-343(is)-343(a)-343(man)-343(eminently)-343(entitled)-343(to)-343(be)-343(heard)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-366(the)-366(great)-366(subjects)-366(of)-366(moral)-366(obligation,)-395(or)-366(that)-366(he)-366(is)-366(able)-366(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(communicate)-265(knowledge)-264(which)-265(is)-264(capable)-265(of)-264(acting)-265(mightily)-264(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-250(moral)-250(being.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-305(must)-305(now)-305(proceed)-305(to)-306(offer)-305(a)-305(few)-305(observations)-305(on)-305(the)-305(ques-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(tion,)-424(Are)-389(miracles)-388(objects)-389(of)-389(faith?)-667(and)-389(if)-389(they)-389(are)-389(so)-389(in)-388(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense,)-250(how)-250(can)-250(they)-250(be)-250(the)-250(media)-250(of)-250(proof)-250(of)-250(a)-250(revelation?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([088])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -15.186 Td [(The)-431(author)-432(of)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 68.045 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Supernatural)-431(Religion)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 98.034 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.551 0 Td [(starts)-432(the)-431(following)]TJ -192.43 -13.549 Td [(difficulty)-263(in)-262(connection)-263(with)-263(this)-263(subject:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 183.393 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Consciousness)-263(of)-262(the)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +394 0 obj << +/Length 4503 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(IV.)-250(Miracles,)-250(What)-250(Do)-250(They)-250(Prove?)-6784(81)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(difficulties)-245(which)-245(beset)-245(miracles)-246(in)-245(the)-245(present)-245(age)-245(has)-245(led)-245(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(able)-204(men)-204(to)-204(deal)-204(thus)-205(illogically)-204(with)-204(them,)-213(and)-204(to)-204(represent)-204(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alternately)-220(as)-221(evidence)-220(and)-221(as)-220(objects)-221(of)-220(faith.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 198.296 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.248 0 Td [(He)-220(then)-221(proceeds)]TJ -205.544 -13.549 Td [(to)-265(refer)-265(to)-265(Dr.)-296(Arnold,)-268(Professor)-265(Baden)-266(Powell,)-268(and)-265(Archbishop)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Trench,)-288(as)-280(having)-281(been)-280(in)-281(various)-280(degrees)-280(guilty)-281(of)-280(making)-280(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(confusion.)]TJ 11.956 -14.163 Td 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[(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -149.259 -14.163 Td [(I.)-477(That)-477(it)-477(is)-476(impossible)-477(to)-477(believe)-477(in)-477(any)-477(assertion)-476(which)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(contradicts)-449(the)-448(first)-449(principles)-448(of)-449(our)-449(reason,)-498(even)-448(if)-449(it)-448(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supposable)-226(that)-225(a)-226(miracle)-225(could)-226(be)-225(wrought)-226(in)-225(confirmation)-226(of)-225(it.)]TJ 11.956 -14.163 Td [(II.)-407(That,)-447(although)-407(the)-407(illumination)-407(which)-407(reason)-407(imparts)-408(i)1(s)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(imperfect,)-253(yet)-253(as)-253(it)-252(is)-253(the)-253(only)-252(instrument)-253(that)-253(we)-252(possess)-253(for)-252(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(investigation)-250(of)-250(truth,)-250(attempts)-250(to)-250(disparage)-250(it)-250(are)-250(absurd.)]TJ 11.956 -14.163 Td [(III.)-294(So)-293(far)-294(is)-294(faith)-293(from)-294(standing)-294(in)-294(opposition)-293(to)-294(reason,)-305(that)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(it)-246(is)-246(a)-246(legitimate)-246(branch)-246(of)-246(it)-246(when)-246(exercised)-246(on)-246(a)-246(special)-245(subject)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(matter.)]TJ 11.956 -14.163 Td [(IV.)-468(That)-469(beliefs)-468(which)-469(reason)-468(refuses)-469(to)-468(authorise)-469(do)-468(not)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(originate)-250(in)-250(faith)-250(but)-250(in)-250(credulity.)]TJ 11.956 -14.163 Td [(V.)-388(That)-388(even)-389(those)-388(who)-388(entertain)-388(irrational)-388(convictions)-388(are)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(compelled)-462(to)-461(base)-462(them)-462(on)-461(evidence)-462(of)-462(some)-461(kind)-462(which)-461(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(satisfactory)-260(to)-260(themselves:)-540(that)-260(is)-261(to)-260(say,)-262(on)-260(the)-260(dictates)-260(of)-260(their)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([089])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(own)-250(imperfect)-250(reason.)]TJ 11.956 -14.163 Td 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[(acceptance)-195(of)-196(supernatural)-195(facts)-195(belongs)-196(to)-195(a)-195(faculty)-196(of)-195(our)-195(minds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-362(we)-362(designate)-362(faith,)-390(and)-362(that)-362(our)-362(acceptance)-362(of)-362(others)-361(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-246(result)-246(of)-246(the)-246(action)-246(of)-246(our)-246(reason,)-247(is)-246(to)-246(lay)-246(down)-246(a)-246(distinction)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(entirely)-332(of)-331(our)-332(own)-332(creation.)-494(In)-332(both)-332(cases)-331(the)-332(evidences)-331(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(form)-432(the)-432(subject)-432(of)-864(rational)-432(investigation,)-477(and)-432(they)-432(must)-432(be)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([092])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(accepted)-250(or)-250(rejected)-250(as)-250(they)-250(approve)-250(themselves)-250(to)-250(our)-250(reason.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(It)-303(will)-304(perhaps)-303(be)-304(urged,)-317(that)-303(the)-304(acceptance)-303(of)-303(propositions,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td 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[(present)-299(case,)-311(rests)-299(on)-298(a)-299(substantial)-299(basis)-299(of)-299(evidence)-298(previously)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(established,)-248(and)-248(which)-248(bears)-248(the)-247(same)-248(relation)-248(to)-248(the)-248(question)-247(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles)-256(which)-256(the)-256(truths)-256(of)-256(Euclid)-256(do)-256(to)-256(those)-256(of)-256(trigonometry?)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-334(latter)-334(is)-333(the)-334(fact)-334(though)-334(the)-333(mode)-334(in)-334(which)-334(the)-334(writer)-333(puts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-322(implies)-322(the)-323(former.)-466(Without)-322(referring)-323(to)-322(the)-322(authority)-322(of)-322(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(particular)-286(author,)-294(is)-286(he)-286(not)-286(fully)-285(aware)-286(that)-286(theists)-286(maintain)-285(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-189(belief)-188(in)-189(a)-188(Personal)-189(God)-188(rests)-189(on)-189(a)-188(basis)-189(of)-188(proof)-189(which)-188(com-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(the)-348(forces,)-372(laws,)-372(and)-348(phenomena)-347(of)-348(the)-348(physical)-347(universe,)-372(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-274(these)-274(alone.)-321(To)-274(this)-274(I)-274(have)-273(no)-274(objection,)-280(for)-274(it)-274(would)-273(greatly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conduce)-303(to)-304(clearness)-303(if)-304(it)-303(was)-304(always)-303(confined)-304(to)-303(this)-303(meaning.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(But)-348(while)-348(he)-348(uses)-347(it)-348(thus,)-372(he)-348(nowhere)-348(tells)-348(us)-348(in)-348(what)-347(relation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man,)-374(including)-349(his)-349(faculties,)-374(intellectual)-349(and)-349(moral,)-373(and)-349(above)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all,)-304(his)-292(will,)-304(stands)-293(to)-292(nature.)-379(Are)-293(they)-292(included)-293(in,)-304(or)-292(excluded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-320(it?)-461(Do)-320(they,)-338(or)-320(do)-320(they)-320(not,)-338(form)-320(a)-320(part)-320(of)-321(it?)-460(If)-320(they)-320(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(included)-235(in)-236(nature,)-238(then)-236(there)-235(are)-235(other)-236(facts)-235(in)-236(nature)-235(bearing)-235(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-236(being)-235(of)-236(a)-236(God,)-238(beyond)-236(those)-236(on)-235(which)-236(the)-236(author)-235(reasons.)-245(If)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-237(are)-236(excluded,)-239(then)-237(the)-236(reasoning)-237(is)-236(inadequate)-237(to)-236(sustain)-236(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conclusion.)-247(Our)-239(reasonings)-240(respecting)-239(God)-240(are)-239(founded)-240(not)-239(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-215(the)-214(forces)-215(and)-215(laws)-214(of)-215(physical)-215(nature,)-222(but)-214(on)-215(man,)-222(his)-214(reason,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-319(conscience,)-335(and)-319(his)-318(will.)-456(What)-318(makes)-319(this)-318(fallacy)-319(the)-318(more)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(plausible)-208(is)-207(that)-208(the)-207(term)-208(nature)-208(is)-207(very)-208(frequently)-207(used)-208(to)-207(include)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man,)-250(as)-250(well)-250(as)-250(the)-250(forces)-250(and)-250(laws)-250(of)-250(the)-250(material)-250(universe.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([104])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -15.186 Td [(As)-304(far)-303(as)-304(the)-304(physical)-304(universe)-303(is)-304(concerned,)-317(the)-304(mind)-303(infers)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-231(existence)-230(of)-231(a)-231(God)-230(from)-231(its)-231(order)-231(and)-230(its)-231(harmonies;)-237(that)-231(is)-230(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(say,)-200(having)-188(observed)-188(that)-188(order)-188(and)-188(harmony)-188(have)-188(been)-187(produced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-377(intelligence)-377(within)-376(the)-377(sphere)-377(of)-377(our)-376(own)-377(observation,)-408(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-279(deeply)-278(convinced)-279(on)-278(other)-278(grounds)-279(of)-278(reasoning)-279(that)-278(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-346(incapable)-346(of)-345(resulting)-346(from)-346(any)-346(other)-345(source,)-370(we)-346(infer)-345(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-410(results)-409(we)-410(behold)-410(in)-409(nature)-410(are)-410(due)-409(to)-410(a)-410(similar)-409(principle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-285(we)-286(experience)-285(in)-286(ourselves.)-356(Such)-286(an)-285(inference)-286(is)-285(not)-285(due)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-209(simple)-210(observation)-209(of)-209(the)-210(order)-209(of)-209(the)-209(universe)-210(only,)-217(but)-209(unites)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-351(it)-350(an)-351(act)-351(of)-350(reasoning)-351(founded)-351(on)-350(our)-351(own)-350(self-conscious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being.)-510(But)-337(the)-337(intelligence)-337(which)-337(produces)-337(order,)-358(as)-337(far)-337(as)-336(we)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(are)-309(cognisant)-310(of)-309(it,)-325(is)-309(invariably)-310(united)-309(with)-310(will.)-428(We)-309(therefore)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infer)-411(from)-410(the)-411(order)-410(and)-411(harmonies)-410(of)-411(nature,)-450(not)-411(simply)-410(the)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +460 0 obj << +/Length 4812 +>> 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[(such)-378(a)-379(subject)-378(derive)-378(their)-378(validity)-378(from)-379(applying)-378(to)-378(them)-378(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(analogies)-250(of)-250(our)-250(reason.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-243(is)-242(quite)-243(true)-242(that)-243(in)-242(the)-243(structure)-242(of)-243(the)-242(material)-243(universe)-242(we)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(see)-223(only)-223(the)-222(indications)-223(of)-223(a)-222(mind)-223(operating)-223(and)-223(expressing)-222(itself)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-366(law;)-424(that)-366(is)-365(to)-366(say,)-395(we)-366(observe)-366(in)-366(the)-366(physical)-366(universe)-365(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instances)-262(of)-261(its)-262(violation.)-285(But)-261(WE,)-262(that)-262(is)-261(the)-262(reasoning,)-264(rational)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beings,)-430(whether)-394(existing)-394(in)-394(nature)-394(or)-394(outside)-394(it,)-430(have)-393(inferred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-266(the)-265(structure)-266(of)-265(the)-266(universe)-265(the)-266(existence)-265(of)-266(mind,)-269(and)-265(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(know)-184(of)-184(no)-183(mind)-184(which)-184(is)-184(not)-183(possessed)-184(of)-184(conscious)-183(intelligence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-235(will.)-245(If)-234(our)-235(reasoning)-235(from)-234(the)-235(order)-235(of)-234(the)-235(material)-234(universe)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-696(valid)-348(to)-348(prove)-348(the)-348(presence)-348(of)-348(mind,)-372(which)-348(is)-348(a)-348(conception)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([105])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(entirely)-269(derived)-268(from)-269(our)-269(consciousness)-268(of)-269(ourselves,)-273(it)-269(must)-268(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(equally)-389(so)-389(to)-388(prove)-389(the)-389(existence)-389(of)-388(purpose)-389(and)-389(volition,)-423(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-370(know)-370(nothing)-370(of)-369(mind)-370(which)-370(is)-370(devoid)-370(of)-370(these)-369(attributes.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-340(material)-339(universe)-340(proves)-339(that)-340(its)-339(order)-340(and)-339(harmony)-340(is)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(result)-353(of)-352(the)-353(action)-352(of)-353(mind;)-403(but)-353(it)-352(cannot)-353(prove)-352(that)-353(the)-352(mind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-346(produced)-347(this)-346(order)-347(and)-346(harmony)-346(is)-347(unable)-346(to)-346(introduce)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-305(different)-305(one.)-415(But)-305(if)-305(our)-305(minds)-305(form)-306(part)-305(of)-305(nature,)-318(then)-305(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-406(a)-407(proof)-406(that)-406(the)-407(author)-406(of)-406(nature)-407(has)-406(produced)-406(something)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(else)-362(in)-362(nature)-362(besides)-361(the)-362(order)-362(and)-362(harmonies)-362(of)-362(the)-361(physical)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(universe.)-240(If)-221(they)-221(are)-220(outside)-221(nature,)-227(then)-220(we)-221(have)-221(direct)-220(evidence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-326(the)-325(existence)-325(of)-326(beings)-325(outside)-326(and)-325(above)-326(nature,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 236.051 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.528 0 Td [(above)]TJ -254.579 -13.549 Td [(the)-235(physi)1(cal)-235(forces)-234(of)-235(the)-234(universe.)-245(It)-235(follows)-234(that)-235(if)-234(finite)-234(beings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possessed)-244(of)-244(intelligence)-244(and)-245(will,)-245(exist)-244(within)-244(nature)-244(or)-244(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it,)-250(a)-250(God)-250(who)-250(possesses)-250(similar)-250(powers)-250(may)-250(exist)-250(also.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(In)-446(a)-447(narrow)-446(and)-447(restricted)-446(sense)-447(it)-446(may)-447(be)-446(quite)-447(true)-446(that)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(nature,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 34.48 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.29 0 Td [(matter)-379(and)-380(its)-379(phenomena,)-412(only)-379(informs)-379(us)-380(of)-379(the)]TJ -54.77 -13.549 Td [(presence)-308(of)-308(mind)-308(in)-308(nature,)-322(the)-308(partner)-308(and)-308(correlative)-308(of)-307(orga-)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +464 0 obj << +/Length 4598 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(96)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(nized)-248(matter.)-249(But)-249(let)-248(us)-248(here)-248(guard)-248(against)-248(a)-248(latent)-248(fallacy)-248(in)-248(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mode)-382(of)-382(statement.)-647(We)-382(learn)-382(the)-382(presence)-382(of)-382(mind,)-415(not)-382(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(material)-295(nature,)-306(but)-295(by)-295(the)-295(application)-295(of)-295(our)-295(own)-295(reason)-295(to)-295(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(investigation)-287(of)-286(what)-287(its)-286(phenomena)-287(denote.)-359(This)-287(is)-286(overlooked)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-292(the)-293(above)-292(argument.)-377(It)-292(is)-292(perfectly)-292(true)-292(that)-293(as)-292(a)-292(mere)-292(matter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-263(phenomenal)-263(appearance,)-266(we)-263(do)-263(not)-263(actually)-263(behold)-263(in)-262(natural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phenomena)-247(manifestations)-247(of)-247(mind)-247(acting)-247(outside)-247(nature.)-249(In)-247(fact)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-389(do)-388(not)-389(see)-389(mind)-389(at)-388(all,)-424(but)-389(simply)-388(infer)-389(its)-389(presence)-388(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(phenomena)-251(before)-251(us)-250(through)-251(the)-251(agency)-251(of)-251(our)-251(own)-250(reason;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-278(this)-279(inference)-278(carries)-279(along)-278(with)-278(it)-279(all)-278(the)-279(other)-278(attributes)-278(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mind.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-409(writer)-410(before)-409(me)-409(is)-409(one)-410(of)-409(those)-409(who)-410(affirm)-409(that)-818(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -84.711 0 Td [([106])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(utmost)-386(our)-387(minds)-386(can)-387(infer)-386(from)-386(the)-387(contemplation)-386(of)-386(nature,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-459(which)-459(he)-460(includes)-459(every)-459(species)-459(of)-460(vital)-459(organism,)-511(is)-459(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presence)-341(of)-341(order)-340(and)-341(harmony;)-386(and)-341(that)-341(any)-341(inference)-341(that)-340(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(phenomena)-219(testify)-219(to)-219(the)-219(presence)-219(of)-219(adaptation,)-225(contrivance)-219(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(design)-357(is)-357(invalid.)-571(I)-357(reply)-357(that)-357(this)-357(affirmation)-357(is)-357(only)-357(valid)-357(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-297(assumption)-297(of)-297(a)-297(principle)-297(which)-297(altogether)-297(denies)-297(that)-296(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(natural)-309(phenomena)-308(we)-309(can)-308(infer)-309(the)-308(existence)-309(of)-308(mind.)-426(But)-308(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(and)-290(voluntary)-291(agency.)-371(It)-291(follows,)-300(therefore,)-301(that)-290(the)-290(affirmation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-212(in)-211(conducting)-212(the)-212(Christian)-211(argument)-212(we)-212(reason)-211(from)-212(God)-211(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles)-264(and)-264(from)-264(miracles)-264(to)-264(God,)-268(is)-264(utterly)-264(disproved.)-292(Yet)-264(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(writer)-203(before)-203(me)-202(has)-203(ventured)-203(to)-203(affirm)-203(that,)-212(when)-203(we)-202(commence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-455(the)-455(being)-455(of)-456(a)-455(personal)-455(God)-455(as)-455(the)-455(groundwork)-455(of)-455(our)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reasonings,)-250(we)-250(begin)-250(and)-250(end)-250(with)-250(a)-250(bare)-250(assumption.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-399(philosophical)-400(writings)-399(of)-399(Dr.)-698(Mansel)-400(are)-399(also)-399(pressed)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(into)-301(the)-301(service)-300(for)-301(the)-301(purpose)-300(of)-301(discrediting)-301(the)-301(evidences)-300(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +472 0 obj << +/Length 4862 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(98)-8755(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(Christianity,)-338(and,)-338(I)-320(own,)-338(with)-321(considerably)-320(greater)-320(reason.)-461(Mr.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Herbert)-371(Spencer)-371(has)-371(also)-371(invoked)-371(them)-371(in)-371(confirmation)-371(of)-371(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theory)-271(that)-272(God)-271(is)-272(unknown)-271(and)-271(unknowable.)-314(He)-272(refers)-271(to)-271(them)]TJ 4.577 -13.549 Td [(in)-420(the)-419(following)-420(words:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 114.096 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Here)-420(I)-419(cannot)-419(do)-420(better)-420(than)-419(avail)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -196.271 0 Td [([108])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(myself)-292(of)-293(the)-292(demonstration)-293(which)-292(Mr.)-378(Mansel,)-303(carrying)-292(out)-292(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(detail)-203(the)-203(doctrine)-204(of)-203(Sir)-203(W.)-203(Hamilton,)-213(has)-203(given)-203(us)-203(in)-203(his)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 248.503 0 Td [(\030)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(Limits)]TJ -252.136 -13.549 Td [(of)-222(Religious)-222(Thought.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 95.454 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.055 0 Td [(And)-222(I)-222(gladly)-222(do)-222(this,)-227(not)-222(only)-222(because)-222(his)]TJ -101.509 -13.549 Td [(mode)-342(of)-341(presentation)-342(cannot)-342(be)-341(improved,)-365(but)-342(because)-341(writing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-261(he)-260(does)-261(in)-260(defence)-261(of)-260(current)-261(theology,)-263(his)-260(reasonings)-261(will)-260(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(more)-250(acceptable)-250(to)-250(the)-250(majority)-250(of)-250(readers.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 186.916 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -174.96 -16.004 Td 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[(absurd)-287(to)-286(urge)-287(principles,)-296(though)-287(they)-286(have)-287(been)-287(maintained)-286(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-382(eminent)-382(Christian)-382(writer,)-415(which)-382(an)-382(eminent)-382(unbeliever)-382(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pronounced)-226(unsound,)-231(as)-226(a)-226(clear)-226(and)-226(conclusive)-226(argument)-226(against)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Christianity.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-430(work)-430(of)-430(Dr.)-791(Mansel)-430(may)-430(be)-430(described)-430(as)-430(an)-430(attempt)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-349(prove)-349(the)-348(truth)-349(of)-349(Christianity)-349(on)-348(the)-349(principles)-349(of)-349(the)-348(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sceptical)-371(philosophy.)-612(It)-371(may)-370(be)-371(briefly)-371(stated)-370(thus:)-492(Reason)-370(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incapable)-330(of)-330(forming)-330(any)-330(idea)-330(of)-330(God)-330(as)-330(He)-330(is,)-350(whether)-330(as)-330(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Infinite,)-420(the)-385(Absolute,)-420(or)-386(the)-385(first)-386(Cause.)-657(All)-386(the)-385(conceptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-239(we)-238(can)-239(frame)-238(on)-239(the)-239(subject)-238(are)-239(mutually)-238(self-destructive.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(On)-241(similar)-242(principles)-241(our)-242(conceptions)-241(of)-241(His)-242(moral)-241(attributes)-241(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wholly)-285(inadequate)-284(to)-285(inform)-285(us)-284(of)-285(His)-285(real)-284(perfections.)-354(It)-285(by)-284(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(means)-229(follows)-229(that)-230(our)-229(human)-229(conception)-229(of)-229(benevolence)-229(or)-229(jus-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tice)-270(is)-271(a)-270(measure)-271(of)-270(the)-270(divine)-271(benevolence,)-275(or)-271(of)-270(divine)-270(justice;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-215(so)-214(of)-215(His)-214(other)-215(attributes.)-238(It)-215(is)-214(affirmed)-215(that)-215(because)-214(they)-429(are)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([109])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(the)-242(attributes)-242(of)-241(an)-242(infinite)-242(Being,)-243(they)-242(lie)-242(beyond)-242(the)-241(possibility)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-337(being)-337(realized)-337(in)-337(human)-337(thought.)-512(Consequently,)-358(holiness)-337(in)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +477 0 obj << +/Length 4848 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 316.492 548.934 Td [(99)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -269.721 -30.759 Td [(God)-362(may)-362(admit)-361(of)-362(very)-362(different)-362(manifestations)-362(from)-361(holiness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-312(man.)-437(Upon)-313(these)-312(principles,)-328(which)-312(affirm)-313(the)-312(inadequacy)-312(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-300(human)-300(intellect,)-312(even)-300(to)-300(conceive)-299(of)-300(anything)-300(as)-300(it)-300(exists)-299(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God,)-403(it)-372(follows)-373(that)-372(our)-373(only)-372(possible)-372(conceptions)-373(of)-372(God)-372(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(actually)-273(exists.)-321(It)-273(follows)-273(as)-274(a)-273(necessary)-274(consequence)-273(from)-273(this,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-279(even)-278(by)-279(revelation)-279(we)-278(are)-279(only)-279(capable)-278(of)-279(attaining)-278(relative)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideas)-310(of)-310(Him,)-325(and)-309(that)-310(these)-310(relative)-310(ideas)-310(do)-310(not)-310(represent)-309(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(real)-384(nature,)-418(but)-385(are)-384(only)-385(regulative)-384(of)-384(conduct,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 217.259 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.457 0 Td [(we)-384(are)-385(to)]TJ -237.716 -13.55 Td [(act)-402(upon)-401(them)-402(as)-401(if)-402(they)-401(were)-402(true.)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 170.13 0 Td [(E.g.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.261 0 Td [(God)-402(is)-401(revealed)-402(as)]TJ -195.391 -13.549 Td [(holy.)-388(Our)-295(only)-296(conception)-296(of)-296(holiness)-296(is)-296(our)-296(human)-295(conception)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-434(it.)-803(But)-434(we)-434(cannot)-434(know)-435(that)-434(this)-434(is)-434(an)-434(adequate)-434(measure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-366(the)-365(divine)-366(holiness.)-596(God)-366(is)-365(declared)-366(to)-365(be)-366(benevolent.)-596(We)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-414(no)-415(conception)-414(of)-415(benevolence)-414(but)-414(that)-415(which)-414(is)-414(derived)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-318(the)-317(human)-318(mind.)-453(So)-318(likewise)-317(with)-318(respect)-318(to)-317(justice.)-453(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(benevolence)-384(and)-384(justice)-384(as)-384(they)-384(exist)-384(in)-384(God)-384(may)-384(differ)-384(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-314(qualities)-315(as)-314(they)-315(exist)-314(in)-315(man.)-443(The)-314(same)-315(thing)-314(follows)-314(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-263(necessary)-264(conclusion)-263(from)-263(Dr.)-290(Mansel's)-264(premises)-263(with)-263(respect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-336(all)-336(the)-336(other)-336(attributes)-336(of)-336(God.)-508(Nothing)-336(will)-336(better)-335(illustrate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(position)-328(to)-329(which)-328(this)-329(argument)-329(reduces)-328(us)-329(than)-328(to)-329(apply)-328(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-327(the)-328(truthfulness)-327(or)-327(veracity)-328(of)-327(God.)-482(All)-327(that)-328(we)-327(know)-327(about)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truthfulness)-636(is)-319(as)-318(it)-318(exists)-318(in)-318(finite)-318(beings,)-335(that)-319(is,)-335(in)-318(men.)-454(But)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([110])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(God)-276(is)-276(an)-276(infinite)-276(being.)-327(It)-276(follows)-276(therefore)-276(that)-276(truthfulness)-275(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-312(is)-311(no)-312(adequate)-312(representation)-311(of)-312(truthfulness)-312(as)-311(it)-312(exists)-311(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God,)-306(that)-295(is)-295(to)-295(say,)-306(that)-295(the)-295(divine)-295(veracity)-295(may)-295(differ)-295(from)-294(our)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(human)-203(conception)-203(of)-202(it.)-235(This)-202(is)-203(certainly)-203(a)-203(very)-203(startling)-202(position.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(If,)-266(therefore,)-266(these)-262(principles)-263(are)-262(correct,)-266(acquiescence)-263(on)-262(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(part)-234(of)-235(man)-234(in)-234(the)-234(divine)-235(character)-234(is)-234(impossible.)-245(It)-234(is)-234(impossible)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +482 0 obj << +/Length 5129 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(100)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-180(love)-180(a)-180(being)-180(who)-179(does)-180(not)-180(present)-180(to)-180(us)-180(the)-180(aspect)-180(of)-179(loveliness;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-242(to)-241(reverence)-242(one)-241(who)-242(does)-241(not)-242(present)-241(to)-242(us)-241(an)-242(aspect)-241(capable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-406(exciting)-406(this)-406(emotion;)-483(or)-406(to)-406(feel)-406(trust)-406(in)-406(a)-406(being)-406(of)-405(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(justice)-295(we)-295(have)-295(no)-296(certainty)-295(that)-295(it)-295(resembles)-295(our)-295(conception)-295(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(justice;)-421(or)-364(to)-364(rely)-364(on)-364(the)-364(promises)-364(of)-364(one)-364(whose)-364(veracity)-364(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(differ)-390(from)-389(our)-390(own.)-668(Such)-390(feelings)-389(cannot)-390(be)-389(made)-390(to)-389(order.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(They)-228(can)-228(only)-228(be)-228(generated)-228(by)-228(the)-228(contemplation)-228(of)-228(a)-228(being)-227(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-266(holy,)-269(benevolent,)-270(just,)-269(and)-266(true,)-270(in)-265(the)-266(ordinary)-266(acceptation)-265(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-337(words.)-509(They)-337(cannot)-337(be)-336(excited)-337(by)-336(any)-337(merely)-336(regulative)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ideas.)-508(We)-335(love,)-358(reverence,)-357(and)-336(trust,)-357(not)-336(ideas)-336(or)-335(conceptions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-273(persons,)-278(possessing)-272(moral)-273(attributes.)-317(But)-273(on)-272(the)-273(principle)-272(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(merely)-256(regulative)-256(ideas)-256(of)-256(God,)-258(the)-256(assertion)-256(that)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 217.781 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(God)-256(is)-256(love,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 53.161 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(loses)-343(all)-342(its)-343(value,)-365(if)-343(God)-343(is)-342(not)-343(what)-342(I)-343(mean)-342(by)-343(love,)-366(but,)-365(be-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cause)-259(he)-260(is)-259(infinite,)-262(he)-259(may)-259(be)-260(something)-259(else,)-262(I)-259(know)-259(not)-259(what;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-379(thus)-379(the)-379(great)-379(precept)-379(of)-379(the)-379(moral)-379(law,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 205.095 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Thou)-379(shalt)-379(love)]TJ -209.939 -13.549 Td [(the)-328(Lord)-329(thy)-328(God)-328(with)-329(all)-328(thy)-328(heart,)-348(mind,)-348(soul,)-348(and)-328(strength,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 275.786 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(becomes)-240(meaningless.)-246(Such)-240(devotion)-239(of)-240(our)-239(entire)-240(nature)-239(cannot)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-384(created)-383(by)-384(the)-383(mere)-384(command)-383(to)-384(render)-383(it.)-651(It)-383(can)-384(only)-383(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rendered)-237(to)-237(a)-236(being)-237(whose)-237(claims)-237(over)-237(us)-236(we)-237(both)-237(feel)-237(and)-236(know)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-257(be)-257(an)-258(absolute)-257(reality,)-259(and)-257(to)-257(whom)-258(on)-257(the)-257(conviction)-257(of)-257(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reality)-251(we)-250(can)-251(offer)-251(ourselves)-251(up)-250(a)-251(voluntary)-251(sacrifice.)-252(But)-251(if)-250(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cannot)-232(know)-231(Him)-232(as)-231(He)-232(is,)-235(how)-231(is)-232(the)-231(fire)-232(of)-231(devotion)-232(to)-231(Him)-463(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([111])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(be)-264(kindled)-264(in)-265(our)-264(hearts?)-293(How)-264(shall)-264(we)-264(trust)-264(in)-265(Him?)-292(How)-264(shall)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-242(acquiesce)-242(in)-242(His)-241(character?)-248(How)-241(shall)-242(we)-242(worship)-242(Him,)-243(how)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(shall)-279(we)-279(adore)-278(Him,)-287(if)-278(it)-279(is)-279(true)-279(that)-279(the)-278(justice,)-286(benevolence,)-286(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(holiness)-211(of)-210(the)-211(divine)-211(character)-211(may)-210(not)-211(resemble)-211(our)-210(conception)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-318(them?)-453(Nay,)-335(more:)-385(the)-318(theory)-318(in)-318(question)-317(lays)-318(the)-318(axe)-318(to)-317(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(root)-276(of)-276(the)-276(Christian)-276(revelation)-276(itself.)-328(There)-276(is)-276(no)-276(affirmation)-275(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-317(New)-317(Testament)-317(more)-318(decisive)-317(than)-317(that)-317(Jesus)-317(Christ)-317(in)-317(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divine)-281(and)-281(human)-281(personality)-281(is)-281(the)-281(image)-281(of)-281(the)-281(invisible)-280(God,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-201(far)-200(as)-201(His)-201(moral)-200(perfections)-201(are)-201(concerned.)-233(Are)-201(the)-200(perfections)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-300(the)-300(character)-301(of)-300(Jesus)-300(Christ)-300(only)-300(regulative,)-313(or)-300(are)-300(they)-300(real)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(representations)-288(of)-287(these)-288(attributes)-287(as)-288(they)-288(exist)-287(in)-288(God?)-363(Are)-287(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divine)-265(attributes)-265(of)-265(holiness,)-269(benevolence,)-269(or)-266(justice,)-268(adequately)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +486 0 obj << +/Length 4700 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(101)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(represented)-425(by)-425(the)-425(manifestations)-424(of)-425(them,)-469(as)-425(made)-425(by)-424(Jesus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christ?)-669(If)-390(we)-390(accept)-390(the)-389(testimony)-390(of)-390(St.)-669(John's)-390(Gospel,)-424(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lord)-242(himself)-243(has)-242(expressly)-242(affirmed,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 163.2 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(He)-242(that)-243(hath)-242(seen)-242(me)-242(hath)]TJ -168.044 -13.549 Td [(seen)-404(the)-404(Father)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 69.402 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.25 0 Td [(\050John)-404(xiv.)-712(9\051.)-711(But)-404(this)-404(is)-404(impossible)-404(if)-404(our)]TJ -78.652 -13.55 Td [(conceptions)-273(of)-274(God's)-273(moral)-273(attributes)-273(are)-274(only)-273(regulative,)-279(and)-273(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-306(human)-307(idea)-306(of)-306(holiness)-306(is)-306(no)-307(adequate)-306(representation)-306(of)-306(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divine.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(However)-297(erroneous)-296(a)-297(system)-296(may)-297(be,)-308(yet)-296(if)-297(it)-296(has)-297(been)-296(elab-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(orated)-302(by)-302(a)-302(powerful)-302(mind,)-315(it)-302(has)-302(generally)-302(some)-302(foundation)-302(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason,)-241(and)-240(I)-239(am)-239(far)-240(from)-239(affirming)-239(that,)-242(with)-239(considerable)-239(qual-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ifications,)-378(some)-353(important)-352(elements)-353(of)-352(truth)-353(may)-352(not)-353(be)-352(found)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-300(that)-299(of)-300(Dr.)-399(Mansel.)-399(It)-300(is)-300(well)-299(that)-300(we)-300(should)-299(be)-300(made)-300(to)-299(feel)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-345(there)-345(are)-345(limits)-344(of)-345(thought)-345(beyond)-345(which)-345(the)-345(human)-344(mind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cannot)-295(penetrate,)-306(and)-295(that)-294(there)-295(are)-295(profundities)-295(of)-294(metaphysics)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-225(an)-224(imperfect)-225(measuring-line)-224(cannot)-225(reach.)-241(But)-225(placing)-224(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(matter)-286(as)-286(he)-285(has,)-295(the)-286(Christian)-285(apologist)-286(may)-286(well)-286(feel)-285(indebted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-218(Mr.)-239(Mill)-217(for)-218(his)-218(crushing)-217(demolition)-218(of)-217(the)-218(dangerous)-217(portions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-211(Dr.)-237(Mansel's)-210(system.)-237(When)-211(unbelievers)-211(quote)-210(the)-422(authority)-210(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([112])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(Dr.)-245(Mansel,)-239(why)-235(do)-236(they)-236(not)-235(also)-236(tell)-236(their)-235(readers)-236(that)-236(there)-235(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-362(least)-362(one)-362(unbeliever)-361(of)-362(very)-362(high)-362(logical)-362(power,)-390(who)-361(wrote)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(against)-250(the)-250(validity)-250(of)-250(his)-250(system.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-247(is)-247(one)-247(thing)-247(to)-248(affirm)-247(that)-247(we)-247(cannot)-247(penetrate)-247(to)-247(the)-247(depths)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-348(the)-348(Deity,)-373(and)-348(that)-348(after)-348(we)-348(have)-348(raised)-348(our)-348(thoughts)-348(to)-348(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(highest,)-500(there)-449(is)-450(something)-450(higher)-450(still;)-549(and)-450(quite)-450(another)-449(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirm)-321(that)-321(our)-322(highest)-321(thoughts)-321(of)-321(him)-321(have)-322(no)-321(validity;)-356(or,)-339(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(use)-275(the)-275(terms)-275(of)-274(a)-275(fashionable)-275(philosophy,)-281(that)-275(God)-275(is)-274(unknown)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-286(unknowable,)-295(that)-286(no)-286(true)-286(conception)-286(of)-286(Him)-286(can)-286(be)-285(formed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-316(thought;)-348(in)-316(one)-315(word,)-332(that)-316(he)-315(is)-316(absolutely)-316(unthinkable.)-446(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(difficulties)-284(of)-285(this)-284(subject)-285(have)-284(arisen)-284(mainly)-285(from)-284(discussing)-284(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-367(terms)-367(of)-367(pure)-367(abstractions,)-396(instead)-367(of)-367(embodying)-367(them)-367(in)-367(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(concrete)-288(form.)-364(It)-289(is)-288(impossible)-288(in)-288(this)-288(place)-288(to)-288(enter)-288(on)-288(the)-288(pro-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(found)-235(depths)-234(involved)-234(in)-235(these)-234(questions;)-240(but)-235(a)-234(few)-234(observations)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(will)-206(be)-207(necessary)-206(for)-207(the)-206(purpose)-207(of)-206(clearing)-207(away)-206(the)-206(difficulties)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-240(which)-240(our)-239(opponents)-240(seek)-240(to)-240(involve)-240(the)-239(subject)-240(of)-240(miracles.)-246(I)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +490 0 obj << +/Length 4901 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(102)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(shall)-250(confine)-250(myself)-250(to)-250(our)-250(conceptions)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Infinite.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(It)-178(is)-178(affirmed)-177(that)-178(no)-178(conception)-178(of)-178(the)-177(infinite)-178(can)-178(be)-178(framed)-177(in)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(thought;)-224(that)-211(it)-211(is)-211(therefore)-211(unthinkable,)-219(and)-211(transcends)-211(the)-211(limits)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-248(human)-248(knowledge;)-248(that)-248(it)-248(is)-248(a)-248(negation;)-249(and)-248(that)-248(therefore)-247(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason)-258(is)-258(unable)-257(to)-258(affirm)-258(anything)-258(respecting)-257(it;)-262(that)-258(the)-258(idea)-257(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(personality)-306(is)-306(incompatible)-306(with)-306(that)-306(of)-306(infinity;)-334(and)-306(that)-305(there-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fore)-324(when)-324(we)-324(speak)-324(of)-324(God)-324(as)-324(a)-324(person)-324(who)-324(possesses)-323(infinite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perfections,)-205(we)-194(enter)-194(on)-194(a)-194(region)-194(where)-194(human)-194(thought)-194(is)-194(invalid,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(respecting)-250(which)-250(all)-250(affirmation)-250(involves)-250(a)-250(contradiction.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But)-437(when)-438(we)-437(are)-438(told)-437(that)-437(the)-438(infinite)-437(transcends)-437(thought,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(we)-374(are)-374(entitled)-375(to)-374(demand)-374(that)-374(we)-375(should)-374(not)-374(be)-374(kept)-374(playing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-318(an)-319(abstraction,)-335(and)-318(to)-319(ask,)-335(what)-318(is)-319(infinite?)-455(In)-318(what)-318(sense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(does)-300(it)-300(transcend)-301(thought?)-801(Does)-300(this)-301(mean)-300(that)-300(it)-300(is)-300(absolutely)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([113])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(unthinkable;)-478(or)-402(only)-402(partially)-401(so;)-478(or)-402(that)-402(our)-402(conception)-402(of)-401(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-439(imperfect?)-815(Is)-439(it)-438(simply)-439(unknowable,)-485(or)-439(does)-438(it)-439(consist)-438(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(something)-371(which)-370(we)-370(know,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 128.302 0 Td [(plus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.227 0 Td [(something)-371(that)-370(has)-370(not)-371(come)]TJ -150.529 -13.549 Td [(within)-345(the)-345(limits)-345(of)-345(our)-345(knowledge,)-369(but)-345(which)-345(something)-345(is)-345(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-370(similar)-369(character)-370(to)-369(the)-370(known?)-609(It)-369(will)-370(be)-370(at)-369(once)-370(seen)-369(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-324(determination)-323(of)-324(these)-324(questions)-323(is)-324(at)-324(the)-323(root)-324(of)-324(the)-323(whole)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(controversy.)-464(If)-321(then)-321(by)-321(the)-322(infinite)-321(we)-321(mean)-321(something)-321(known)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(plus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.967 0 Td [(something)-347(unknown,)-370(to)-347(speak)-346(of)-347(God)-347(as)-346(unknowable)-347(and)]TJ -21.967 -13.549 Td [(unthinkable)-315(is)-315(absurd.)-446(Our)-315(knowledge)-315(of)-316(Him)-315(may)-315(not)-315(be)-315(full,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-363(yet)-363(real)-364(so)-363(far)-363(as)-363(it)-364(goes.)-589(When)-363(it)-364(is)-363(affirmed)-363(that)-363(God)-363(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-348(being)-348(who)-348(exists,)-373(but)-348(is)-348(unthinkable)-348(by)-348(man,)-373(the)-348(effect)-348(is)-348(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(place)-238(Him)-238(beyond)-238(the)-238(bounds)-239(of)-238(human)-238(knowledge,)-240(and)-238(thereby)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(free)-271(us)-272(from)-271(all)-272(necessity)-271(of)-271(troubling)-272(ourselves)-271(about)-271(Him.)-314(We)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(know)-248(that)-248(He)-247(exists)-248(in)-248(the)-248(profundities)-248(of)-247(the)-248(unknown;)-249(and)-247(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-344(all.)-531(For)-344(the)-344(purposes)-344(of)-343(thought)-344(and)-344(of)-344(morality,)-367(He)-344(is)-343(thus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)-250(of)-250(less)-250(value)-250(than)-250(an)-250(algebraic)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 160.866 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(.)]TJ -153.753 -15.186 Td [(When)-363(it)-363(is)-363(affirmed)-363(that)-364(the)-363(infinite)-363(is)-363(unknowable,)-391(I)-363(again)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ask,)-371(what)-347(infinite?)-541(The)-347(infinite)-347(as)-347(an)-347(abstract)-347(idea)-347(has)-347(no)-347(real)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence;)-397(but)-349(something)-348(that)-348(is)-348(infinite.)-545(The)-348(conception)-348(itself)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-287(an)-286(essentially)-286(quantitative)-287(conception,)-296(and)-286(is)-286(only)-287(strictly)-286(ap-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plicable)-276(to)-276(number)-277(and)-276(extension.)-328(When)-277(I)-276(speak)-276(therefore)-276(of)-276(an)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +494 0 obj << +/Length 4940 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(103)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(infinite)-314(number,)-330(what)-314(do)-314(I)-314(mean?)-442(The)-314(only)-314(answer)-314(possible)-313(is,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(The)-335(greatest)-335(number)-335(I)-335(can)-335(conceive,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 166.644 0 Td [(plus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.839 0 Td [(all)-335(possible)-335(number)]TJ -193.327 -13.549 Td [(without)-386(limit.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 60.898 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.057 0 Td [(Does)-386(my)-387(adding)-386(on)-386(the)-386(latter)-387(factor)-386(invalidate)]TJ -69.955 -13.549 Td [(the)-415(reality)-415(of)-415(my)-415(conception)-415(of)-415(the)-415(former?)-745(Is)-415(that)-415(which)-415(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(added)-274(on)-274(anything)-274(else)-274(than)-275(number?)-322(Surely)-274(here)-274(I)-274(have)-274(a)-274(valid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception.)-495(The)-332(same)-332(is)-331(true)-332(when)-332(we)-332(speak)-331(of)-332(the)-332(infinity)-331(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(space.)-299(I)-266(mean)-267(by)-266(it)-266(the)-267(greatest)-266(space)-266(I)-266(can)-267(conceive,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 235.311 0 Td [(plus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.09 0 Td [(space)]TJ -256.401 -13.549 Td [(without)-220(limit.)-241(Is)-220(the)-220(idea)-221(of)-220(space)-441(rendered)-220(unthinkable,)-226(because)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([114])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(I)-278(add)-278(the)-279(conception)-278(of)-278(space)-278(without)-279(limit?)-334(Does)-279(it)-278(cease)-278(to)-278(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(space?)-248(But)-244(space)-244(is)-244(conceivable.)-248(It)-244(follows)-244(therefore)-243(that)-244(neither)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infinite)-282(number)-282(nor)-283(infinite)-282(extension)-282(is)-282(absolutely)-282(unthinkable.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(We)-435(speak)-434(of)-435(the)-435(infinite)-435(divisibility)-435(of)-434(matter.)-805(Does)-434(matter,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(because)-250(it)-250(goes)-250(on)-250(to)-250(be)-250(divided)-250(for)-250(ever,)-250(cease)-250(to)-250(be)-250(matter?)]TJ 11.955 -15.186 Td [(In)-237(the)-237(same)-237(manner)-237(we)-237(speak)-237(of)-237(God,)-240(and)-237(call)-237(Him)-237(infinite.)-245(It)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(would)-304(be)-304(far)-304(more)-304(correct)-304(to)-304(speak)-304(of)-304(Him)-304(as)-304(a)-304(Being)-304(who)-304(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infinite)-253(attributes.)-258(Here,)-254(however,)-253(if)-253(accuracy)-253(of)-253(thought)-253(is)-253(to)-252(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(preserved,)-340(a)-322(distinction)-322(must)-322(be)-322(made.)-466(Some)-322(attributes)-322(of)-322(God)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(may)-267(be)-267(viewed)-267(as)-267(quantitative;)-275(others)-267(cannot.)-301(It)-267(is)-267(to)-266(the)-267(former)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-377(that)-376(the)-377(term)-377(infinite)-376(properly)-377(applies.)-630(A)-377(moral)-376(attribute)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cannot)-313(have)-313(a)-313(quantitative)-313(measure)-314(applied)-313(to)-313(it.)-439(It)-313(is)-313(therefore)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-250(infinite,)-250(but)-250(perfect.)]TJ 11.955 -15.186 Td [(When)-212(we)-211(speak)-212(of)-212(God)-211(as)-212(a)-212(being)-211(possessed)-212(of)-212(infinite)-211(power,)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(what)-254(do)-254(we)-254(mean?)-262(The)-254(thing)-254(intended)-254(is,)-255(that)-254(He)-254(is)-254(a)-254(being)-254(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possesses)-237(such)-236(power)-237(as)-237(enabled)-236(Him)-237(to)-237(create)-236(the)-237(universe,)-239(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-228(He)-228(is)-229(capable)-228(of)-228(exerting)-228(every)-228(other)-229(degree)-228(of)-228(power)-228(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-345(possible.)-534(We)-345(may)-345(call)-345(this,)-368(if)-345(we)-345(like,)-369(power)-345(without)-344(limit;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(though)-299(there)-298(is)-299(always)-299(one)-298(limit)-299(to)-298(possible)-299(power,)-311(viz.,)-311(that)-298(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(working)-327(contradictions.)-479(Of)-327(course)-326(we)-327(are)-327(ignorant)-326(of)-327(what)-326(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(limits)-250(of)-250(possible)-250(power.)]TJ 11.955 -15.186 Td [(But)-293(when)-292(we)-293(make)-292(this)-293(addition)-293(to)-292(our)-293(finite)-292(conception,)-304(we)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(mean)-212(by)-213(it)-212(power)-213(similar)-212(to)-213(that)-212(exhibited)-213(in)-212(the)-213(universe)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 245.584 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(it)-212(and)]TJ -256.493 -13.549 Td [(all)-308(other)-309(power)-308(beyond)-308(it.)-426(Must)-308(such)-308(a)-309(conception)-308(be)-308(banished)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(outside)-411(the)-410(limits)-411(of)-410(rational)-411(thought?)-732(Is)-410(the)-411(idea)-410(of)-411(a)-410(being)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-413(possesses)-412(power)-413(sufficient)-413(to)-413(build)-412(the)-413(universe,)-454(and)-412(all)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +498 0 obj << +/Length 5029 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(104)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(possible)-335(power)-336(besides,)-356(unthinkable?)-506(Again,)-357(we)-335(speak)-335(of)-335(God)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-318(infinitely)-318(wise.)-455(What)-318(do)-318(we)-318(mean)-318(by)-319(it?)-454(We)-318(affirm)-318(that)-318(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(knows)-228(all)-227(things)-228(actual)-227(and)-227(possible.)-485(The)-228(knowledge)-227(is)-228(none)-227(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([115])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(less)-297(knowledge,)-308(because)-297(to)-297(the)-297(knowledge)-297(of)-297(the)-297(actual)-297(we)-296(add)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-302(the)-301(knowledge)-302(of)-302(the)-301(possible.)-405(Such)-302(a)-302(being)-301(is)-302(certainly)-301(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unthinkable.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Again:)-248(God)-247(is)-246(often)-247(spoken)-246(of,)-247(not)-247(only)-246(as)-247(a)-246(being)-246(possessing)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(infinite)-234(attributes)-233(and)-234(perfections,)-237(but)-234(as)-233(the)-234(Infinite)-234(Being.)-244(Here)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-337(attempt)-337(is)-337(made)-338(to)-337(entangle)-337(us)-337(in)-337(a)-337(puzzle.)-512(It)-337(is)-337(argued:)-424(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-391(be)-392(the)-391(infinite)-391(Being,)-427(there)-391(can)-391(be)-392(no)-391(being)-391(beyond)-391(Him.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-273(must)-273(therefore)-274(include)-273(all)-273(being,)-279(both)-273(actual)-274(and)-273(possible.)-319(If)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(this)-232(be)-232(so,)-236(He)-232(must)-232(also)-232(include)-232(the)-233(finite,)-235(otherwise)-232(there)-232(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-339(a)-339(being)-338(which)-339(is)-339(not)-339(included)-338(in)-339(infinite)-339(being)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 222.337 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(or)-339(in)-339(other)]TJ -233.246 -13.549 Td [(words,)-378(being)-353(without)-352(limit)-353(would)-353(not)-352(include)-353(all)-352(being,)-378(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-379(self-contradictory.)-639(Several)-379(other)-380(self-contradictions)-379(may)-379(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(easily)-250(adduced)-250(by)-250(reasoning)-250(on)-250(the)-250(same)-250(principles.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-177(reply)-177(that)-177(the)-176(term)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 85.389 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Being)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 26.062 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.773 0 Td [(is)-177(used)-177(here)-177(in)-177(a)-176(sense)-177(so)-177(intensely)]TJ -135.024 -13.549 Td [(abstract,)-269(that)-266(we)-265(have)-266(removed)-265(it)-265(out)-266(of)-265(all)-266(those)-265(conceptions)-265(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-240(quantity)-239(can)-240(legitimately)-239(be)-240(predicated.)-246(Of)-240(material)-239(being)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-270(can)-270(affirm)-270(that)-270(it)-269(is)-270(quantitative,)-275(but)-270(of)-270(no)-270(other.)-310(The)-269(adding)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-302(the)-302(word)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 56.549 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(infinite,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 34.243 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.141 0 Td [(and)-302(calling)-302(God)-303(the)-302(infinite)-302(Being,)-315(is)-303(to)]TJ -103.777 -13.549 Td [(use)-250(words)-250(which)-250(have)-250(no)-250(validity)-250(as)-250(conceptions.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But)-344(it)-344(is)-344(also)-343(common)-344(to)-344(speak)-344(of)-344(God's)-344(moral)-344(attributes)-343(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(infinite,)-202(such)-189(as)-190(His)-189(benevolence,)-202(holiness,)-202(justice)-189(and)-190(truth.)-229(This)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(again)-349(is)-349(inaccurate,)-374(and)-349(its)-350(result)-349(is)-349(to)-349(plunge)-349(us)-349(into)-349(hopeless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(confusion)-359(of)-358(thought.)-576(Such)-359(attributes)-359(admit)-358(of)-359(no)-358(quantitative)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(measures.)-765(They)-421(are)-422(perfect,)-464(not)-421(infinite.)-765(To)-421(speak)-422(of)-421(God's)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truthfulness)-315(as)-315(infinite)-316(is)-315(simply)-315(absurd.)-445(A)-315(thing)-316(is)-315(true,)-331(or)-315(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(true.)-299(A)-266(moral)-266(being)-266(is)-267(truthful)-266(or)-266(not)-266(truthful.)-299(Benevolence)-266(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-263(perfect)-263(or)-262(imperfect;)-270(but)-263(it)-262(cannot)-263(be)-263(measured)-263(by)-263(number)-262(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-362(line.)-585(These)-361(conceptions)-362(can)-362(only)-361(mean)-362(what)-362(we)-361(mean)-723(by)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([116])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(them,)-404(and)-374(nothing)-373(else,)-405(even)-373(when)-374(applied)-373(to)-374(God,)-404(or)-374(we)-373(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(attempting)-318(to)-317(pass)-318(off)-318(forged)-317(notes)-318(for)-317(genuine)-318(ones.)-453(The)-317(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possible)-237(additional)-237(idea)-236(which)-237(we)-237(introduce)-237(when)-237(thus)-236(ascribing)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +503 0 obj << +/Length 4516 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(105)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(them)-455(to)-455(God,)-506(is)-455(that)-455(in)-455(Him)-455(they)-455(are)-455(perfect,)-506(free)-455(from)-455(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperfections)-308(with)-309(which)-308(they)-308(exist)-308(in)-309(us.)-425(To)-308(affirm)-308(that)-308(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-234(say)-233(that)-233(God)-234(is)-233(perfectly)-234(benevolent,)-237(or)-233(perfectly)-234(truthful,)-236(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(introduce)-322(into)-322(the)-322(conception,)-340(as)-322(applied)-322(to)-322(Him,)-340(a)-322(new)-322(factor,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(beyond)-297(the)-297(meaning)-297(of)-297(benevolence)-297(and)-297(truthfulness)-297(as)-297(used)-297(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-346(language,)-369(and)-346(that)-345(this)-346(new)-345(factor)-346(can)-345(make)-346(the)-345(divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(benevolence)-335(different)-335(from)-335(our)-335(human)-335(conception)-335(of)-335(it,)-356(or)-335(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lead)-384(God)-384(to)-385(actions)-384(which)-384(man)-384(can)-385(by)-384(no)-384(possibility)-384(view)-384(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(benevolent)-205(or)-206(true;)-220(and)-205(then)-205(to)-206(say)-205(that)-205(God)-206(is)-205(benevolent)-205(or)-205(true,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-234(an)-234(abuse)-234(of)-233(language,)-237(or,)-237(to)-234(use)-234(Mr.)-245(Mill's)-234(words,)-237(an)-233(offensive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flattery.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-331(it)-331(has)-331(been)-330(urged)-331(that)-331(the)-331(moral)-331(attributes)-331(of)-330(God,)-351(even)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(if)-334(we)-335(view)-334(them)-334(not)-335(as)-334(infinite)-335(but)-334(as)-334(perfect,)-356(must)-334(be)-334(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-305(limits)-304(of)-305(human)-305(thought,)-318(and)-305(therefore)-304(may)-305(produce)-304(results)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(different)-282(in)-283(character)-282(from)-282(the)-283(corresponding)-282(principles)-282(in)-282(man,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(because)-213(they)-214(are)-213(the)-213(attributes)-213(of)-214(an)-213(infinite)-213(being.)-238(I)-213(have)-213(already)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disposed)-247(of)-247(this)-246(objection.)-249(Benevolence,)-248(holiness,)-247(and)-247(truth)-246(can-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-319(be)-319(other)-319(than)-319(benevolence,)-337(holiness,)-336(and)-319(truth,)-336(to)-319(whatever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-250(we)-250(may)-250(attribute)-250(them.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-290(is)-291(therefore)-290(no)-290(necessary)-290(consequence,)-301(because)-290(we)-290(ascribe)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-302(God)-302(some)-302(attributes)-303(which)-302(are)-302(infinite,)-315(and)-302(others)-302(which)-302(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(perfect,)-293(that)-285(God)-284(must)-285(therefore)-285(be)-284(unknowable)-285(or)-284(unthinkable.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(We)-403(may)-404(know)-403(much)-404(about)-403(Him,)-442(without)-404(knowing)-403(all)-403(things.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Our)-378(not)-379(knowing)-378(all)-378(about)-378(things)-378(does)-379(not)-378(render)-378(them)-378(either)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unknowable)-313(or)-312(unthinkable.)-437(Our)-313(knowledge)-312(may)-313(be)-312(imperfect;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-391(as)-391(far)-391(as)-392(it)-391(goes)-391(it)-391(maybe)-391(real.)-674(If)-391(we)-391(were)-391(to)-391(affirm)-391(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-359(only)-360(know)-359(that)-360(which)-359(we)-719(know)-359(perfectly,)-387(or)-359(were)-359(unable)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([117])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(to)-409(reason)-409(on)-409(imperfect)-409(knowledge,)-449(mental)-409(progress)-409(would)-409(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brought)-295(to)-294(a)-295(standstill.)-384(Nor)-295(is)-295(it)-294(right)-295(to)-295(affirm)-294(that)-295(we)-295(are)-294(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reasoning)-203(in)-203(a)-202(circle)-203(when)-203(we)-203(reason)-202(from)-203(His)-203(moral)-203(attributes)-202(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(displayed)-283(in)-284(the)-283(government)-284(of)-283(the)-283(world)-284(in)-283(favour)-284(of)-283(the)-283(prob-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ability)-346(of)-346(a)-346(revelation;)-394(or)-346(if)-346(because)-346(a)-346(revelation)-346(which)-345(claims)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-301(be)-302(from)-301(God,)-315(bears)-301(the)-301(impress)-302(of)-301(His)-302(character,)-314(we)-301(employ)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-304(fact)-304(as)-304(an)-304(evidence)-304(that)-304(it)-304(comes)-304(from)-304(Him.)-412(To)-304(affirm)-304(that)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +508 0 obj << +/Length 4674 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(106)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(He)-263(is)-263(unknowable)-263(or)-263(unthinkable)-263(is)-263(to)-263(proclaim)-263(that)-263(man)-263(has)-263(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(concern)-188(with)-189(God,)-201(and)-188(that)-188(all)-189(revelation)-188(is)-189(impossible;)-208(therefore,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-202(objections)-203(urged)-202(against)-202(the)-203(evidence)-202(of)-202(supernatural)-202(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-250(these)-250(grounds)-250(are)-250(untenable.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(But)-285(there)-286(are)-285(the)-285(difficulties)-286(about)-285(the)-285(Absolute)-286(and)-285(the)-285(First)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Cause.)-471(It)-324(has)-324(been)-324(urged)-323(that)-324(the)-324(Absolute)-323(is)-324(that)-324(which)-324(is)-323(out)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-237(relation)-238(to)-237(every)-238(thing)-237(else)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 127.476 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(perfectly)-237(independent)-238(in)-237(itself.)-246(It)]TJ -138.385 -13.55 Td [(is)-345(argued,)-369(therefore,)-369(if)-345(God)-346(be)-345(this)-345(Absolute,)-369(he)-345(cannot)-345(be)-345(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first)-297(Cause,)-308(because)-297(a)-297(cause)-296(can)-297(only)-297(be)-297(a)-296(cause)-297(by)-297(its)-297(being)-296(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(relation)-248(to)-248(that)-248(of)-249(which)-248(it)-248(is)-248(the)-248(cause.)-250(For)-248(similar)-248(reasons,)-248(if)-248(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-250(the)-251(first)-250(Cause,)-251(He)-250(cannot)-250(be)-251(the)-250(Absolute.)-251(But)-250(as)-251(He)-250(is)-250(both,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-250(must)-250(therefore)-250(be)-250(unknowable)-250(and)-250(unthinkable.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(It)-344(is)-344(impossible)-344(in)-344(a)-345(treatise)-344(like)-344(this)-344(to)-344(enter)-344(into)-344(such)-344(pro-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(found)-386(metaphysical)-386(questions.)-658(For)-386(my)-386(present)-386(purpose,)-421(I)-385(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(safely)-244(refer)-244(to)-244(Mr.)-248(Mill's)-244(discussion)-244(on)-244(this)-244(subject.)-248(As)-244(far)-244(as)-244(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(views)-323(in)-323(question)-322(bear)-323(adversely)-323(on)-323(Christian)-323(evidence,)-341(he)-322(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sufficiently)-213(refuted)-213(them.)-238(It)-213(is)-213(not)-213(fair)-213(for)-213(unbelievers)-213(to)-212(put)-213(forth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-281(positions)-281(as)-281(subversive)-281(of)-282(Christianit)1(y,)-289(without)-281(answering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-280(reasonings)-281(of)-280(so)-280(eminent)-281(an)-280(unbeliever)-280(as)-281(Mr.)-341(Mill)-280(in)-280(proof)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-251(their)-250(inconclusiveness,)-251(or)-250(even)-251(alluding)-251(to)-250(the)-251(fact)-250(that)-251(he)-250(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pronounced)-250(them)-250(untenable.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(There)-249(is)-250(no)-249(point)-250(which)-249(reasoners)-250(of)-249(this)-250(class)-249(have)-499(laboured)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -84.711 0 Td [([118])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(more)-411(diligently)-412(to)-411(prove)-411(than)-412(that)-411(it)-411(is)-412(impossible)-411(for)-411(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason)-451(to)-452(think)-451(of)-451(God)-451(as)-452(a)-451(person.)-854(The)-451(assumption)-451(of)-451(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(personality)-306(of)-306(God)-306(is)-306(the)-306(foundation)-306(of)-306(the)-306(Christian)-306(argument,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(without)-169(which,)-185(even)-168(if)-169(the)-169(occurrence)-169(of)-168(miracles)-169(could)-169(be)-168(proved)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-337(objective)-336(facts,)-359(they)-337(would)-336(have)-337(no)-337(evidential)-337(value.)-510(It)-336(fol-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lows,)-237(therefore,)-236(that)-234(if)-233(our)-233(only)-233(mode)-234(of)-233(attaining)-233(the)-233(knowledge)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-239(the)-239(personality)-239(of)-239(God)-239(be)-239(from)-239(revelation,)-241(we)-239(are)-239(arguing)-239(in)-238(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vicious)-250(circle.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(Briefly)-289(stated,)-298(the)-289(argument)-289(of)-289(unbelief)-288(is)-289(as)-289(follows:)-328(God)-288(is)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(infinite)-259(Being.)-276(Personality)-259(is)-259(a)-259(conception)-259(which)-258(necessarily)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(involves)-176(the)-177(finite.)-225(Therefore)-177(it)-176(cannot)-177(be)-176(predicated)-177(of)-176(an)-176(infinite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Being.)-383(It)-295(follows)-294(therefore)-295(that)-294(to)-295(speak)-294(of)-295(God)-294(as)-295(infinite,)-305(and)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +512 0 obj << +/Length 4710 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(107)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(at)-250(the)-250(same)-250(time)-250(as)-250(a)-250(person,)-250(involves)-250(a)-250(contradiction.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(It)-259(is)-260(an)-259(unquestionable)-260(fact)-259(that)-260(the)-259(only)-260(beings)-259(whom)-260(we)-259(are)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(directly)-342(acquainted)-342(with)-342(as)-342(persons)-342(are)-342(finite)-342(beings,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 240.05 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.068 0 Td [(men.)]TJ -259.118 -13.549 Td [(No)-334(less)-333(certain)-334(is)-334(it)-333(that)-334(the)-334(only)-333(beings)-334(whom)-334(we)-333(know)-334(to)-333(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possessed)-253(of)-253(wisdom)-253(and)-253(intelligence)-253(are)-253(finite)-253(beings,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 242.962 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.156 0 Td [(men,)]TJ -259.118 -13.549 Td [(and)-301(those)-300(various)-301(classes)-300(of)-301(animals)-300(by)-301(which)-300(the)-301(latter)-300(quality)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-382(manifested.)-645(The)-382(argument)-382(is)-381(equally)-382(valid)-382(for)-382(proving)-381(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wisdom)-365(and)-364(intelligence)-364(can)-365(only)-364(belong)-365(to)-364(finite)-365(beings;)-421(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consequently)-211(that)-210(the)-211(existence)-210(of)-211(wi)1(sdom)-211(and)-210(intelligence)-211(in)-210(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first)-219(Cause)-219(of)-220(all)-219(things)-219(is)-219(inconceivable,)-226(and)-219(the)-219(assumption)-219(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-253(is)-253(wise)-252(and)-253(intelligent)-253(is)-253(a)-253(contradiction.)-258(The)-253(same)-252(argument)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-235(no)-235(less)-235(valid)-235(against)-235(ascribing)-235(any)-235(moral)-235(perfection)-235(to)-235(Him,)-238(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-267(fact)-267(any)-268(other,)-271(for)-267(all)-267(our)-267(knowledge)-268(of)-267(such)-267(things)-267(is)-267(both)-267(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(itself)-250(finite,)-250(and)-250(derived)-250(from)-250(finite)-250(beings.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But)-194(it)-195(even)-194(goes)-194(further)-194(than)-195(this.)-231(If,)-206(as)-194(the)-194(positive)-195(phil)1(osophy)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(lays)-389(down,)-423(our)-389(real)-389(knowledge)-389(of)-388(things)-389(is)-389(confined)-389(to)-388(direct)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subjects)-325(of)-326(cognition;)-362(as)-326(the)-325(only)-325(beings)-325(which)-326(we)-325(know)-325(to)-325(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possessed)-335(of)-334(wisdom)-335(and)-669(intelligence)-334(are)-335(men)-334(and)-335(animals,)-355(it)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([119])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(is)-306(quite)-306(contrary)-306(to)-306(sound)-306(reasoning)-306(to)-306(infer)-306(that)-306(these)-306(qualities)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(can)-336(be)-336(possessed)-335(by)-336(any)-336(other)-336(class)-335(of)-336(finite)-336(beings.)-507(To)-336(do)-335(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-314(to)-315(transfer)-314(human)-315(conceptions)-314(to)-315(beings)-314(who)-315(are)-314(not)-314(human.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Equally)-320(valid)-319(would)-320(be)-320(the)-319(reasoning)-320(of)-320(an)-319(animal,)-337(if)-320(he)-319(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason)-319(on)-318(the)-318(subject,)-336(as)-319(for)-318(instance)-318(a)-319(horse)-318(or)-319(a)-318(dog,)-336(that)-318(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence)-403(of)-404(wisdom)-403(and)-403(intelligence)-404(beyond)-403(his)-403(own)-403(limited)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sphere)-337(was)-337(an)-338(unwarrantable)-337(assumption.)-511(Pantheists)-337(have)-337(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(propounded)-217(theories)-216(on)-217(the)-217(assumption)-217(of)-216(the)-217(existence)-217(in)-216(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-405(an)-404(unconscious)-405(wisdom)-405(and)-405(intelligence.)-714(This)-404(assumption)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-430(open)-431(to)-430(the)-430(most)-430(formidable)-430(objections;)-521(but)-430(even)-430(on)-430(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(own)-316(principles)-315(it)-316(is)-315(utterly)-316(invalid;)-348(for)-315(if)-316(on)-315(the)-316(grounds)-315(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(they)-399(allege)-400(it)-399(is)-400(impossible)-399(to)-399(ascribe)-400(personality)-399(to)-400(God,)-436(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-265(reasonings)-264(are)-265(equally)-265(valid)-264(against)-265(ascribing)-265(wisdom)-264(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intelligence)-250(to)-250(unconscious)-250(nature.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-247(conclude,)-247(therefore,)-247(that)-247(it)-246(by)-247(no)-247(means)-246(follows)-247(because)-246(our)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(direct)-200(knowledge)-200(of)-201(personality)-200(is)-200(confined)-200(to)-200(human)-200(beings,)-210(and)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +516 0 obj << +/Length 4937 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(108)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(is)-251(derived)-250(from)-251(them,)-251(that)-251(personality)-250(itself)-251(cannot)-251(be)-250(conceived)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-276(as)-276(a)-277(property)-276(belonging)-276(to)-276(any)-276(other)-276(than)-277(human)-276(beings.)-328(It)-276(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(absurd)-300(to)-301(maintain)-300(that)-300(the)-301(qualities)-300(of)-300(things)-301(must)-300(be)-300(confined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(those)-250(things)-250(from)-250(which)-250(we)-250(learn)-250(their)-250(existence.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-345(it)-345(will)-346(be)-345(objected)-345(that)-345(the)-346(very)-345(essential)-345(notion)-345(of)-345(per-)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(sonality)-512(is)-511(limitation;)-643(consequently)-511(that)-512(although)-511(it)-512(may)-511(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conceived)-389(of)-388(as)-389(belonging)-389(to)-388(limited)-389(beings,)-423(it)-389(transcends)-388(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-231(of)-232(thought)-231(to)-231(conceive)-231(of)-232(it)-231(as)-231(the)-231(attribute)-232(of)-231(a)-231(being)-231(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-265(unlimited)-266(or)-265(infinite;)-273(that)-265(is)-265(to)-265(say,)-269(that)-266(although)-265(it)-265(lies)-265(within)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-238(power)-238(of)-238(thought)-238(to)-238(conceive)-238(of)-238(the)-238(Being)-238(who)-238(had)-238(adequate)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(power)-266(to)-265(build)-266(the)-265(universe)-266(as)-265(a)-266(Person,)-269(because)-265(the)-266(power)-265(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-334(a)-335(limited)-334(power,)-356(yet)-334(when)-334(I)-335(ascribe)-334(to)-334(Him)-335(beyond)-334(this)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possession)-297(of)-298(all)-297(possible)-297(power,)-619(the)-297(conception)-297(of)-297(personality)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([120])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(becomes)-201(unthinkable.)-233(This)-201(is)-201(the)-201(real)-200(meaning)-201(of)-201(the)-200(affirmation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unless)-401(our)-400(reasonings)-401(are)-401(to)-400(be)-401(confined)-401(within)-400(the)-401(region)-400(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(abstractions.)-313(But)-271(we)-271(have)-271(no)-271(assurance)-271(that)-271(such)-271(reasonings)-270(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(valid,)-226(unless)-220(we)-220(can)-220(bring)-220(them)-220(to)-220(the)-220(test)-220(of)-220(some)-220(concrete)-219(form)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(thought.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Next:)-325(It)-287(by)-288(no)-287(means)-287(follows)-288(because)-287(our)-288(conception)-287(of)-287(per-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(sonality)-197(is)-196(derived)-196(from)-197(finite)-196(beings,)-208(that)-196(it)-197(is)-196(necessarily)-196(limited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-353(them;)-403(and)-353(that)-352(it)-353(cannot)-352(be)-353(thought)-352(of)-353(in)-352(connection)-353(with)-352(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(being,)-349(some)-328(of)-329(whose)-329(attributes)-329(are)-329(infinite)-329(and)-329(others)-328(perfect;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-253(other)-254(words,)-254(that)-253(the)-253(idea)-253(of)-254(finiteness)-253(is)-253(necessarily)-253(involved)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-364(that)-364(of)-364(personality.)-592(What)-364(are)-364(the)-364(conceptions)-364(that)-364(make)-363(up)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-376(idea)-377(of)-376(our)-377(own)-376(personality?)-629(I)-376(reply,)-408(the)-377(power)-376(to)-376(affirm)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(I)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.808 0 Td [(of)-363(one's)-364(own)-363(being)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 85.965 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)-363(possession)-364(of)-363(will)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 97.954 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)-363(power)-364(of)]TJ -223.022 -13.549 Td [(self-consciousness,)-412(and)-380(these)-379(in)-380(union)-380(with)-379(rationality.)-639(These)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conceptions)-366(we)-366(undoubtedly)-366(derive)-366(from)-366(the)-366(contemplation)-365(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-220(own)-220(finite)-219(being,)-226(but)-220(there)-220(is)-220(nothing)-219(in)-220(them)-220(which)-220(is)-219(neces-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sarily)-280(limited)-281(to)-280(the)-280(finite.)-341(If)-280(the)-280(conception)-281(of)-280(an)-280(infinite)-280(being)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-339(possible)-338(\050and)-339(the)-339(fact)-338(that)-339(it)-339(is)-338(so)-339(constantly)-339(introduced)-338(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-209(controversy)-210(proves)-209(that)-209(it)-210(is)-209(possible\051,)-217(then)-210(there)-209(is)-209(no)-209(reason)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(why)-274(these)-274(conceptions,)-281(which)-274(certainly)-274(contain)-274(in)-274(them)-274(nothing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quantitative,)-319(should)-305(not)-304(be)-305(applicable)-305(to)-305(such)-305(a)-305(being.)-415(The)-304(real)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +520 0 obj << +/Length 4664 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(109)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(fact)-295(is,)-306(these)-294(conceptions)-295(are)-295(not)-294(inherently)-295(finite,)-306(because)-294(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-263(nothing)-263(in)-264(them)-263(of)-263(a)-263(quantitative)-263(character,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 212.478 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(they)-263(are)-263(only)]TJ -223.387 -13.549 Td [(derived)-266(from)-267(a)-266(being)-267(whose)-266(manifestation)-266(in)-267(space)-266(we)-266(conceive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-275(under)-275(the)-275(form)-275(of)-275(limitation,)-281(and)-275(whose)-275(attributes)-275(are)-275(neither)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(infinite)-250(nor)-250(perfect.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(I)-474(must)-474(call)-475(attention)-474(to)-475(the)-474(remark)-474(already)-475(made)-474(that)-474(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(correct)-400(representation)-399(of)-400(God)-399(in)-400(thought)-400(is)-399(not)-400(that)-399(of)-400(a)-399(pure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abstraction,)-481(the)-435(infinite)-434(Being,)-481(but)-435(of)-434(a)-435(being)-435(who)-434(possesses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attributes,)-427(some)-391(of)-391(which)-391(are)-782(infinite)-392(and)-391(others)-391(perfect.)-673(To)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([121])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(affirm)-355(that)-355(such)-355(a)-355(being)-355(is)-355(a)-356(person,)-381(is)-355(not)-355(to)-355(attempt)-355(to)-355(think)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-321(which)-321(is)-322(unthinkable.)-463(When)-321(we)-322(affirm)-321(that)-321(God)-321(possesses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-253(power)-254(adequate)-253(to)-253(build)-254(the)-253(universe,)-254(and)-254(all)-253(possible)-253(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beside,)-233(we)-228(do)-229(not)-228(ascribe)-229(to)-229(Him)-228(that)-229(of)-228(which)-229(it)-228(is)-229(impossible)-228(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(predicate)-259(the)-259(possession)-259(of)-259(will)-259(or)-259(self-consciousness.)-277(When)-259(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirm)-229(that)-228(such)-229(a)-229(being)-228(exists)-229(now,)-233(that)-229(he)-229(has)-228(existed)-229(in)-229(all)-228(past)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(known)-265(times,)-269(and)-265(that)-265(no)-265(limits)-266(in)-265(point)-265(of)-265(time)-265(are)-265(conceivable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-194(him,)-205(there)-194(is)-194(nothing)-193(contradictory)-194(in)-194(ascribing)-194(to)-194(such)-194(a)-193(Being)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(personality.)-615(It)-371(is)-372(quite)-371(thinkable)-372(that)-372(an)-371(ultimate)-372(particle)-371(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(never)-286(have)-286(had)-287(a)-286(beginning)-286(and)-286(never)-286(will)-286(have)-287(an)-286(end;)-304(no)-286(less)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-229(is)-228(it)-229(that)-229(such)-228(a)-229(particle)-229(may)-229(be)-228(possessed)-229(of)-229(personality,)-233(for)-228(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-207(finite.)-236(Surely)-208(therefore)-207(there)-208(is)-207(nothing)-208(in)-207(the)-207(ascription)-208(to)-207(God)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-267(existence)-268(without)-267(beginning)-267(and)-268(without)-267(end,)-272(which)-267(destroys)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(idea)-250(of)-250(His)-250(personality.)]TJ 11.955 -16.004 Td [(It)-190(has)-191(been)-190(necessary)-191(to)-190(enter)-190(thus)-191(far)-190(into)-191(this)-190(subject,)-202(because)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(in)-262(reasoning)-261(on)-262(the)-262(Christian)-261(revelation)-262(we)-261(must)-262(assume)-262(the)-261(ex-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(istence)-335(of)-335(a)-336(personal)-335(God,)-356(unless)-335(all)-336(such)-335(treatises,)-356(in)-335(addition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-449(their)-450(own)-449(proper)-449(subject-matter,)-499(must)-450(likewise)-449(contain)-449(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(elaborate)-346(work)-345(on)-346(the)-345(principles)-346(of)-345(theism,)-370(and)-345(a)-346(refutation)-345(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-281(of)-280(pantheism)-281(and)-281(atheism.)-342(The)-281(defender)-281(of)-281(Christianity)-280(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charged)-356(with)-357(reasoning)-356(in)-356(a)-357(circle,)-383(as)-356(though)-357(he)-356(first)-356(assumed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-384(existence)-384(of)-384(a)-384(personal)-384(God,)-418(and)-384(then)-384(derived)-384(the)-384(idea)-384(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-356(existence)-355(from)-356(revelation.)-567(This)-355(charge)-356(would)-355(undoubtedly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-343(true)-343(if)-343(the)-343(idea)-343(of)-343(God)-343(being)-343(a)-343(person)-343(is)-343(unthinkable.)-529(I)-343(am)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-334(a)-334(loss)-334(to)-333(conceive)-334(how)-334(it)-334(becomes)-334(one)-334(atom)-334(more)-333(thinkable)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +524 0 obj << +/Length 4921 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(110)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(if)-303(communicated)-304(by)-303(a)-303(revelation.)-410(Much)-304(obscurity)-303(has)-303(undoubt-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(edly)-295(been)-295(thrown)-295(on)-295(this)-295(subject)-295(by)-295(Christian)-295(writers)-295(who)-294(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fancied)-301(that)-301(the)-301(more)-301(they)-301(can)-301(invalidate)-301(our)-301(reason)-301(the)-300(greater)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gain)-209(accrues)-209(to)-208(Revelation.)-237(This)-208(is)-209(not)-209(only)-209(unwise)-209(but)-208(irrational.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Our)-501(reason)-250(doubtless)-250(is)-251(but)-250(an)-250(imperfect)-250(light,)-251(but)-250(its)-250(extinction)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([122])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(is)-360(to)-359(leave)-360(us)-360(to)-359(grope)-360(in)-360(darkness.)-579(I)-359(affirm)-360(therefore)-360(that)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assumption)-340(of)-340(the)-340(divine)-340(personality)-340(as)-340(the)-340(groundwork)-340(of)-340(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(argument)-250(involves)-250(no)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 97.266 0 Td [(petitio)-250(principii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 68.192 0 Td [(,)-250(or)-250(reasoning)-250(in)-250(a)-250(circle.)]TJ -153.502 -18.459 Td [(One)-310(more)-310(remark)-310(and)-310(I)-310(will)-310(bring)-310(this)-310(portion)-310(of)-310(the)-309(subject)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-378(a)-378(close.)-633(The)-378(affirmation)-378(made)-377(by)-378(this)-378(philosophy)-378(that)-377(cer-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tain)-336(things)-336(are)-336(unthinkable)-337(is)-336(fallacious.)-508(What)-336(do)-336(we)-336(mean)-336(by)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(unthinkable)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 51.513 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(?)-393(It)-298(may)-298(mean)-297(many)-298(things;)-321(first,)-310(that)-298(the)-297(subject)]TJ -61.2 -13.549 Td [(cannot)-437(be)-437(made)-437(in)-437(any)-437(sense)-437(an)-437(object)-437(of)-437(thought.)-811(This,)-483(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fact,)-406(is)-375(the)-375(only)-375(legitimate)-375(use)-375(of)-375(the)-375(word.)-625(But)-375(in)-375(this)-375(sense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-391(affirmation)-391(cannot)-391(be)-391(true)-391(of)-391(even)-391(Mr.)-673(Herbert)-391(Spencer's)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unknown)-405(and)-405(unknowable)-405(God,)-444(for)-405(it)-405(is)-405(evident)-405(that)-404(he)-405(does)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(manage)-263(to)-264(reason)-263(and)-263(think)-263(about)-264(him)-263(somehow.)-290(It)-263(may)-263(mean)-263(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-262(respecting)-262(whom)-261(we)-262(may)-262(know)-261(much)-262(and)-262(attain)-262(a)-261(knowl-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(edge)-204(continually)-205(progressing,)-213(but)-205(respecting)-204(whom)-205(there)-204(is)-204(much)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-389(is)-389(unknown.)-668(This)-389(unknown)-389(is)-389(called)-389(unthinkable.)-667(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-413(is)-412(not)-413(unthinkable.)-738(It)-413(has)-412(only)-413(not)-413(yet)-412(become)-413(the)-412(subject)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-378(our)-378(knowledge,)-410(and)-378(is)-378(no)-378(more)-378(unthinkable)-378(than)-378(any)-377(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unknown)-362(truth.)-584(Or)-362(that)-362(may)-361(be)-362(pronounced)-361(to)-362(be)-361(unthinkable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(respecting)-438(which)-437(our)-437(conceptions)-438(are)-437(wanting)-438(in)-437(definiteness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-285(precision.)-355(But)-285(to)-285(designate)-285(such)-285(things)-285(as)-285(unthinkable)-285(is)-285(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abuse)-281(of)-280(language.)-343(Or)-280(that)-281(may)-281(be)-280(designated)-281(as)-281(unthinkable)-280(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-313(our)-313(conceptions)-313(fail)-314(full)1(y)-314(to)-313(represent)-313(the)-313(reality.)-439(As)-313(far)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-222(they)-222(go,)-227(they)-222(may)-221(be)-222(true,)-228(but)-221(there)-222(may)-222(be)-222(something)-221(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-328(a)-329(similar)-328(kind,)-348(which)-328(they)-328(do)-329(not)-328(embrace.)-485(This)-328(is)-328(the)-328(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense)-220(in)-220(which)-220(it)-219(can)-220(be)-220(affirmed)-220(that)-220(God)-220(is)-220(unthinkable,)-226(but)-219(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assertion)-298(is)-298(altogether)-298(misleading.)-393(The)-298(only)-298(correct)-298(meaning)-297(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-262(expression)-261(is)-262(when)-262(some)-261(particular)-262(thing)-262(is)-261(affirmed)-262(to)-261(exist)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-259(at)-259(the)-259(same)-259(time)-259(contradictions)-259(co-exist)-259(in)-259(it.)-277(The)-259(actual)-259(co-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence)-438(of)-219(these)-219(two)-219(contradictions)-219(is)-218(unthinkable,)-226(but)-218(nothing)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([123])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +529 0 obj << +/Length 1414 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(111)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(more.)-551(Thus)-350(the)-350(existence)-351(of)-350(a)-350(round)-351(square)-350(is)-350(unthinkable,)-375(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-223(the)-223(affirmation)-222(that)-223(the)-223(divine)-223(power)-222(was)-223(at)-223(the)-223(same)-222(time)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(both)-240(limited)-239(and)-240(unlimited.)-246(But)-240(in)-239(no)-239(other)-240(sense)-239(is)-240(a)-239(conception)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unthinkable.)-258(To)-253(affirm)-253(that)-252(the)-253(cause)-253(of)-252(all)-253(things)-253(is)-252(unthinkable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(because)-212(our)-212(conceptions)-212(of)-211(Him)-212(do)-212(not)-212(measure)-212(the)-212(entire)-211(depths)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(His)-250(being)-250(is)-250(simply)-250(misleading.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(I)-421(have)-421(gone)-421(into)-421(this)-421(question)-421(because)-421(it)-421(is)-421(evident)-421(that)-421(if)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(God)-344(is)-344(unthinkable)-345(a)-344(revelation)-344(of)-344(Him)-344(is)-344(impossible,)-368(and)-344(if)-344(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revelation)-371(of)-370(Him)-371(is)-371(impossible,)-401(all)-370(miracles)-371(affirmed)-371(to)-370(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-250(wrought)-250(in)-250(attestation)-250(of)-250(one)-250(must)-250(be)-250(delusions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 -29.65 Td [([124])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +538 0 obj << +/Length 3682 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 18.9589 Tf 93.543 479.321 Td [(Chapter)-261(VI.)-261(The)-261(Objection)-262(That)]TJ 0 -24.647 Td [(Miracles)-257(Are)-256(Contrary)-257(To)-257(Reason)]TJ 0 -24.646 Td [(Considered.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 0 -37.658 Td [(Under)-213(this)-213(head)-212(are)-213(included)-213(the)-213(whole)-212(of)-213(that)-213(class)-213(of)-212(objections)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-389(extend)-390(from)-389(the)-390(direct)-389(assertion)-389(of)-390(the)-389(impossibility)-389(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles)-201(to)-200(the)-201(affirmation)-200(that)-201(even)-200(if)-201(their)-200(possibility)-201(is)-200(conced-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ed,)-287(they)-280(are)-280(so)-280(extremely)-280(improbable)-280(that)-280(it)-280(is)-280(a)-280(violation)-280(of)-279(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first)-209(principles)-210(of)-209(our)-209(reason)-209(to)-209(believe)-210(in)-209(their)-209(actual)-209(occurrence.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(They)-290(are)-289(alleged)-290(to)-289(be)-290(violations)-289(and)-290(contradictions)-289(of)-290(the)-289(laws)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-244(nature,)-245(and)-244(as)-244(such)-243(to)-244(be)-244(incredible,)-245(as)-244(the)-244(stability)-244(of)-244(its)-243(laws)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-232(founded)-232(on)-232(a)-232(universal)-232(experience.)-244(This)-232(unquestionably)-231(forms)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-351(most)-351(formidable)-350(difficulty)-351(in)-351(the)-350(way)-351(of)-351(the)-351(acceptance)-350(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles,)-251(as)-252(actual)-251(occurrences,)-251(at)-251(the)-252(present)-251(day,)-251(and)-251(therefore)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(demands)-250(a)-250(careful)-250(consideration.)]TJ 11.956 -14.596 Td [(The)-212(question)-212(of)-212(the)-212(abstract)-212(impossibility)-212(of)-212(miracles)-212(need)-212(not)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(occupy)-345(us)-344(long.)-534(Such)-344(an)-344(affirmation)-345(can)-344(only)-345(be)-344(made)-345(on)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assumption)-279(that)-278(our)-279(reason)-278(is)-278(inadequate)-279(to)-278(affirm)-279(the)-278(existence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-260(such)-259(a)-260(being)-259(as)-260(a)-260(personal)-259(God.)-279(If)-260(this)-259(can)-260(be)-259(established,)-262(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whole)-355(argument)-355(is)-354(ended)-355(for)-355(all)-355(practical)-355(purposes.)-564(It)-355(may)-354(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conceded)-240(that)-240(the)-240(occurrence)-240(of)-240(some)-240(anomalous)-240(event)-240(as)-240(a)-239(bare)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(objective)-248(fact)-248(is)-247(quite)-248(possible,)-248(even)-248(on)-248(the)-248(principles)-248(of)-247(panthe-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ism)-302(or)-301(atheism.)-405(But)-302(such)-302(objective)-301(fact)-302(would)-302(be)-301(no)-302(miracle)-301(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-223(sense)-224(in)-223(which)-224(the)-223(word)-224(can)-223(be)-224(used)-223(in)-223(this)-224(discussion.)-241(If)-223(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evidence)-237(was)-238(sufficiently)-237(strong)-238(to)-237(attest)-238(it)-237(as)-238(a)-237(fact,)-240(it)-475(would)-237(be)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([125])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(explicable)-282(on)-281(the)-282(supposition)-281(of)-281(some)-282(unknown)-281(force)-282(in)-281(nature,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-216(even)-216(as)-216(a)-216(purely)-216(chance)-217(occurrence.)-238(A)-216(miracle,)-223(in)-216(any)-216(sense)-216(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-199(it)-199(enters)-199(into)-199(the)-199(present)-199(argument,)-209(is)-199(not)-199(only)-199(an)-199(abnormal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(objective)-197(fact,)-207(but)-196(one)-197(which)-196(takes)-197(place)-196(at)-197(the)-196(bidding)-196(of)-197(a)-196(moral)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +542 0 obj << +/Length 5039 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(113)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(agent.)-244(It)-233(is)-232(the)-233(union)-232(of)-232(these)-233(two)-232(which)-233(imparts)-232(to)-233(a)-232(miracle)-232(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-255(to)-255(attest)-255(a)-254(revelation.)-265(If,)-256(therefore,)-256(there)-255(is)-255(no)-255(evidence)-254(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-269(existence)-269(of)-268(a)-269(God,)-273(miracles)-269(may)-269(be)-269(pronounced)-268(impossible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-356(all)-357(practical)-356(purposes)-357(in)-356(this)-356(controversy,)-383(and)-357(we)-356(need)-356(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(further)-250(discuss)-250(the)-250(question.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(The)-214(whole)-213(argument)-214(as)-214(to)-213(whether)-214(the)-214(occurrence)-213(of)-214(a)-213(miracle)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(is)-334(or)-334(is)-333(not)-334(contrary)-334(to)-334(reason)-333(must)-334(proceed)-334(on)-334(the)-333(assumption)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-360(the)-359(existence)-360(of)-359(a)-360(personal)-359(God.)-579(It)-359(is)-360(also)-359(a)-360(proposition)-359(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(clear)-348(as)-348(to)-349(render)-348(all)-348(proof)-348(of)-348(it)-348(superfluous,)-373(that)-348(if)-348(a)-348(personal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-329(exists)-329(who)-329(has)-328(created)-329(the)-329(universe)-329(and)-329(governs)-329(it)-329(by)-328(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Providence,)-250(miracles)-250(are)-250(possible.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(First,)-313(I)-301(observe)-300(that)-301(a)-300(miracle)-301(cannot)-300(be)-301(pronounced)-300(incredi-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ble,)-273(on)-269(the)-269(ground)-269(that)-268(it)-269(is)-269(an)-269(effect)-268(without)-269(an)-269(adequate)-268(cause.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(On)-292(this)-292(point)-292(I)-293(may)-292(refer)-292(to)-292(the)-292(high)-292(authority)-292(of)-292(Mr.)-377(Mill,)-302(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-253(idea)-253(of)-253(a)-253(miracle)-252(contradicts)-253(no)-253(law)-253(of)-253(causation.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 233.352 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(In)-253(order,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 37.592 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.549 Td [(says)-310(he,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 38.737 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(that)-310(any)-310(alleged)-310(fact)-310(should)-310(be)-310(contradictory)-310(to)-310(a)-310(law)]TJ -43.581 -13.549 Td [(of)-383(causation,)-417(the)-383(allegation)-383(must)-383(be)-384(not)-383(simply)-383(that)-383(the)-383(cause)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existed)-199(without)-199(being)-199(followed)-199(by)-200(the)-199(effect,)-209(for)-199(that)-199(would)-199(be)-199(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(uncommon)-281(occurrence,)-288(but)-281(that)-281(this)-281(happened)-281(in)-281(the)-281(absence)-280(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(any)-248(adequate)-248(counteracting)-248(cause.)-250(Now)-248(in)-248(the)-248(case)-248(of)-248(an)-248(alleged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracle)-336(the)-335(objection)-336(is)-335(the)-336(very)-336(opposite)-335(of)-336(this.)-507(It)-335(is)-336(that)-335(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effect)-260(was)-261(defeated,)-263(not)-260(in)-260(the)-261(absence,)-263(but)-260(in)-260(consequence,)-263(of)-260(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(counteracting)-296(cause,)-307(viz.,)-307(a)-296(direct)-295(interposition)-296(of)-295(an)-296(act)-296(of)-295(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-260(some)-259(being)-260(who)-259(has)-260(power)-259(over)-260(nature;)-264(and)-260(in)-259(particular)-260(of)-259(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(being)-281(whose)-281(will)-281(being)-282(assumed)-281(to)-281(have)-281(induced)-281(all)-281(the)-281(causes,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-590(the)-295(powers)-295(by)-296(which)-295(they)-295(produce)-295(their)-295(effects,)-306(may)-295(well)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([126])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(be)-250(supposed)-250(able)-250(to)-250(counteract)-250(them.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 161.182 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(\050)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(Logic)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.85 0 Td [(,)-250(vol.)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(167.\051)]TJ -185.28 -15.186 Td [(A)-261(miracle)-261(therefore)-262(may)-261(not)-261(be)-261(the)-261(result)-262(of)-261(the)-261(action)-261(of)-261(any)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(force)-406(which)-405(falls)-406(within)-406(the)-406(range)-405(of)-406(our)-406(knowledge.)-717(It)-405(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-351(necessary)-351(for)-351(its)-351(performance)-351(to)-351(neutralize)-351(the)-351(action)-351(of)-350(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existing)-231(forces)-232(by)-231(the)-231(calling)-231(into)-231(energy)-232(of)-231(more)-231(powerful)-231(ones.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-362(their)-362(operation)-361(need)-362(not)-362(even)-362(be)-361(suspended.)-586(An)-361(adequate)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(force,)-345(or)-327(power,)-345(or)-326(cause)-327(\050it)-326(matters)-326(not)-326(by)-327(what)-326(name)-326(we)-326(call)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it\051)-288(is)-287(present)-288(to)-287(effectuate)-288(the)-288(result;)-306(viz.)-363(the)-287(power)-288(which)-287(rules)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +546 0 obj << +/Length 5141 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(114)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-365(universe,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 61.288 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.812 0 Td [(God.)-594(As)-365(Mr.)-594(Mill)-365(justly)-364(observes,)-394(the)-364(only)]TJ -81.1 -13.549 Td [(question)-246(which)-245(can)-246(be)-245(raised)-246(if)-246(the)-245(existence)-246(of)-245(God)-246(is)-245(assumed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is,)-412(not)-380(the)-379(want)-380(of)-380(the)-379(presence)-380(of)-380(an)-379(adequate)-380(cause,)-412(for)-379(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supposition)-371(pre-supposes)-371(the)-370(presence)-371(of)-371(one,)-401(but)-371(the)-371(want)-370(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(will)-269(on)-270(the)-269(part)-269(of)-270(God)-269(to)-269(bring)-270(about)-269(the)-269(result.)-308(Thus)-270(it)-269(may)-269(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fairly)-239(argued)-239(that)-239(God)-238(will)-239(not)-239(work)-239(a)-239(miracle,)-241(from)-239(the)-239(fact)-238(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-250(has)-250(not)-250(done)-250(so)-250(in)-250(the)-250(course)-250(of)-250(previous)-250(observation.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-280(has)-280(been)-280(frequently)-280(affirmed)-280(that)-280(a)-280(miracle)-280(is)-280(an)-280(act)-279(which)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-388(contrary)-389(to)-388(the)-388(laws)-389(of)-388(nature,)-423(or)-388(a)-389(violation)-388(of)-388(them,)-423(or)-388(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suspension)-224(of)-224(them,)-229(or)-224(a)-224(violation)-224(of)-223(the)-224(order)-224(of)-224(nature;)-233(and)-223(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(its)-204(occurrence)-204(is)-203(therefore)-204(incredible,)-213(as)-204(being)-204(contrary)-204(to)-203(reason.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(A)-319(miracle)-319(need)-319(involve)-319(neither)-319(of)-319(these.)-457(The)-319(laws)-319(of)-319(nature)-319(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conceived)-285(by)-285(physical)-285(science)-285(are)-285(a)-285(set)-285(of)-285(antecedents)-285(followed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-290(a)-290(set)-290(of)-290(invariable)-290(consequents.)-370(A)-290(miracle)-290(does)-290(not)-290(interfere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-191(this.)-230(Its)-191(very)-191(conception)-190(involves)-191(a)-191(new)-191(antecedent)-190(followed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-280(its)-280(consequent.)-341(The)-280(utmost)-280(that)-280(can)-281(be)-280(urged)-280(is)-280(that)-280(we)-280(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(never)-231(before)-230(witnessed)-231(the)-230(presence)-231(of)-230(that)-231(particular)-230(antecedent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-207(consequent,)-215(or)-207(that)-207(the)-206(antecedents)-207(which)-207(we)-207(have)-206(witnessed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(120)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(produce)-255(the)-256(same)-255(results.)-266(There)-256(is)-255(nothing)-256(inconsistent)-255(with)-255(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-401(the)-401(correct)-402(conception)-401(of)-401(a)-401(miracle.)-704(Viewed)-401(as)-401(a)-401(physical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(event)-347(only,)-371(it)-347(would)-347(be)-347(due)-347(to)-347(the)-347(action)-347(of)-347(a)-347(force)-347(which)-346(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hitherto)-250(been)-250(outside)-250(the)-250(sphere)-250(of)-250(our)-250(observation.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-459(is)-460(clear)-459(therefore)-460(that)-459(whenever)-460(a)-459(fresh)-460(combination)-459(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(forces)-278(takes)-277(place,)-285(their)-278(combined)-278(action)-277(will)-278(modify)-278(the)-277(result,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-395(a)-395(very)-394(different)-395(order)-395(of)-395(events)-394(will)-395(take)-395(place)-395(from)-394(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-314(would)-315(have)-314(resulted)-315(from)-314(their)-315(unmodified)-314(action.)-443(Such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modification)-314(therefore)-313(must)-314(produce)-314(a)-313(different)-314(order)-314(of)-313(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-296(that)-296(which)-296(would)-296(have)-296(otherwise)-296(resulted.)-388(But)-296(such)-295(mod-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ifications)-367(frequently)-367(take)-367(place)-366(through)-367(the)-367(agency)-367(of)-367(man.)-600(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(therefore)-384(follows)-383(that)-384(man)-383(has)-384(the)-384(power)-383(of)-384(effecting)-383(modifi-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cations)-324(in)-323(the)-324(order)-324(of)-324(nature,)-342(without)-323(causing)-324(any)-324(violation)-323(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature's)-250(laws.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-330(various)-330(other)-329(influences,)-350(and)-330(among)-330(them)-330(those)-329(usually)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(designated)-194(as)-195(chances,)-205(exert)-194(a)-194(powerful)-195(influence)-194(in)-194(changing)-194(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(order)-272(of)-273(nature.)-317(It)-272(is)-272(necessary)-273(that)-272(its)-272(forces)-273(should)-272(not)-272(only)-272(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(combined,)-236(but)-232(combined)-232(at)-233(the)-232(right)-232(time)-233(and)-232(place,)-236(or)-232(the)-232(effect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-200(is)-200(due)-200(to)-200(their)-200(combination)-200(will)-200(not)-200(take)-200(place;)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 229.866 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.876 0 Td [(a)-200(differ-)]TJ -245.742 -13.549 Td [(ent)-244(order)-244(of)-245(natural)-244(events)-244(would)-244(have)-244(happened.)-248(An)-244(illustration)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-224(make)-223(this)-224(clear.)-241(Let)-224(us)-224(take)-223(the)-224(case)-223(of)-224(a)-224(disintegrating)-223(rock;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(according)-353(as)-353(the)-353(different)-706(forces,)-378(which)-353(act)-353(on)-353(it,)-379(meet)-353(at)-352(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([134])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(suitable)-293(time)-292(and)-293(place,)-303(the)-293(progress)-293(of)-292(disintegration)-293(is)-292(greatly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lengthened)-304(or)-304(shortened.)-411(Such)-303(concurrences)-304(of)-304(events)-304(are)-303(what)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-336(view)-336(as)-336(pure)-336(contingencies.)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 145.329 0 Td [(E.g.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.119 0 Td [(water)-336(penetrates)-336(into)-336(one)]TJ -168.448 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(its)-361(fissures;)-418(this)-362(takes)-361(place)-362(in)-362(summer,)-389(and)-362(no)-361(appreciable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(result)-437(follows.)-812(But)-437(if)-437(in)-438(winter)-437(a)-437(frost)-437(happens)-437(immediately)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(afterwards,)-394(it)-365(will)-365(produce)-365(an)-365(order)-365(of)-365(events)-365(widely)-365(different)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-223(that)-223(which)-223(would)-223(have)-223(happened)-223(if)-223(either)-223(no)-223(rain)-223(had)-222(fallen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-237(frost)-237(occurred.)-246(By)-237(their)-237(joint)-237(agency)-237(the)-237(fissure)-237(is)-237(widened,)-239(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(rock)-302(split)-301(asunder.)-404(It)-301(follows)-302(therefore)-301(that)-301(the)-301(concurrence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-269(these)-270(two)-269(forces)-269(is)-269(necessary)-270(at)-269(a)-269(particular)-270(time)-269(and)-269(place)-269(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(produce)-294(the)-294(particular)-294(result.)-383(Such)-294(concurrences,)-305(though)-294(due)-294(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(natural)-273(causes,)-279(are)-273(what)-273(we)-274(call)-273(fortuitous.)-319(Yet)-273(their)-273(occurrence)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +577 0 obj << +/Length 4630 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(121)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(or)-250(non-occurrence)-250(occasions)-250(a)-250(different)-250(order)-250(of)-250(natural)-250(events.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Further,)-377(let)-351(us)-351(suppose)-351(that)-352(a)-351(bird)-351(with)-351(a)-352(seed)-351(in)-351(its)-351(mouth,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(in)-342(the)-342(course)-343(of)-342(its)-342(flight)-342(casually)-342(drops)-343(it)-342(into)-342(a)-342(fissure)-342(in)-342(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rock,)-304(which)-293(has)-293(been)-294(opened)-293(by)-293(the)-293(frost;)-315(and)-293(also)-293(that)-293(another)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(concurrence)-248(of)-247(forces)-248(has)-248(supplied)-248(the)-247(conditions)-248(suitable)-248(for)-247(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(taking)-348(root)-348(and)-347(growth.)-544(This)-348(produces)-347(a)-348(new)-348(series)-348(of)-347(events,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-362(occasions)-362(a)-361(more)-362(rapid)-362(disintegration,)-390(and)-362(modifies)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whole)-201(of)-201(the)-201(results)-201(which)-201(follow.)-234(If)-201(the)-201(casual)-201(act)-201(of)-201(the)-201(bird)-201(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taken)-345(place)-344(at)-345(any)-344(other)-345(time)-344(or)-345(place,)-368(the)-344(whole)-345(series)-344(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-423(been)-423(different,)-466(varying)-422(with)-423(the)-423(causes)-423(which)-422(produced)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-389(seed,)-423(and)-389(the)-389(contingencies)-389(which)-388(brought)-389(the)-389(bird)-389(to)-388(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spot,)-411(and)-379(induced)-379(it)-379(to)-379(drop)-378(it.)-637(Let)-379(us)-379(now)-379(suppose)-379(that)-378(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-276(his)-276(rational)-276(agency)-275(intervenes.)-328(He)-276(deliberately)-276(watches)-275(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-292(prospect)-291(of)-292(a)-291(frosty)-292(night,)-302(pours)-292(water)-291(into)-292(the)-291(fissures,)-302(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plants)-212(seeds)-212(in)-211(fissures)-212(where)-212(he)-211(knows)-212(that)-212(suitable)-212(material)-211(has)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-298(prepared)-298(for)-298(their)-298(growth.)-393(Here)-298(a)-298(new)-298(order)-298(of)-298(events)-297(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-316(introduced,)-663(which,)-332(originating)-316(in)-315(human)-316(agency,)-331(entirely)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([135])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(modify)-250(the)-250(order)-250(of)-250(the)-250(results.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-369(is)-368(important)-369(to)-368(observe)-369(that)-368(all)-369(theories)-368(which)-369(attempt)-368(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(account)-315(for)-316(the)-315(production)-316(of)-315(living)-315(organisms)-316(by)-315(the)-315(principle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-340(development)-339(are)-340(compelled)-340(at)-339(almost)-340(every)-340(step)-339(of)-340(the)-339(pro-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cess)-284(to)-284(postulate)-284(the)-285(concurrence)-284(of)-284(forces)-284(of)-284(this)-284(description)-284(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-337(suitable)-337(time)-337(and)-337(place)-337(to)-337(render)-337(their)-337(production)-337(possible.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(These)-384(must)-384(have)-384(taken)-383(place)-384(in)-384(past)-384(time)-384(in)-384(numbers)-383(passing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-281(comprehension.)-343(In)-281(the)-281(case)-281(of)-281(many)-281(vegetable)-281(structures)-281(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(result)-396(has)-395(been)-396(entirely)-396(modified)-396(by)-395(the)-396(contingency)-396(of)-395(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(insect)-248(choosing)-248(to)-248(enter)-248(one)-248(flower)-248(and)-249(not)-248(to)-248(enter)-248(another;)-248(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(according)-318(as)-317(this)-318(takes)-317(place)-318(a)-317(wholly)-318(different)-317(order)-318(of)-317(events)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(follows.)-428(Whether)-309(we)-309(choose)-309(to)-310(designate)-309(such)-309(concurrences)-309(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(events)-349(at)-350(the)-349(suitable)-349(time)-349(and)-349(place)-350(fortuitous)-349(or)-349(not,)-374(the)-349(law)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-270(regulates)-269(them)-270(is)-270(wholly)-269(unknown,)-275(even)-270(if)-269(they)-270(are)-269(regu-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lated)-316(by)-316(law.)-447(So)-316(far)-315(it)-316(is)-316(impossible)-315(to)-316(affirm)-316(that)-316(these)-315(results)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(follow)-253(a)-253(known)-253(and)-254(definite)-253(order)-253(in)-253(nature.)-259(The)-253(concurrence)-253(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(two)-275(or)-275(more)-276(such)-275(causes)-275(introduces)-275(a)-276(new)-275(series,)-281(and)-275(occasions)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +581 0 obj << +/Length 4720 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(122)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-250(break)-250(in)-250(the)-250(previously)-250(existing)-250(order)-250(of)-250(nature.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(Still)-335(more)-336(completely)-335(has)-336(this)-335(happened)-335(when)-336(man)-335(with)-335(his)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(reason)-272(and)-272(powers)-271(of)-272(volition)-272(is)-272(introduced)-272(on)-271(the)-272(scene.)-316(It)-271(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doubtless)-281(be)-281(objected)-281(by)-280(our)-281(materialistic)-281(philosophers,)-289(that)-280(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forces)-328(which)-329(energize)-328(in)-329(mind)-328(act)-329(with)-328(the)-329(same)-328(uniformity)-328(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-313(that)-313(energize)-313(in)-313(matter,)-329(and)-313(that)-313(volition)-313(exerts)-312(no)-313(appre-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ciable)-385(influence)-384(on)-385(the)-384(results)-384(of)-385(our)-384(actions.)-654(These)-384(theories,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(however,)-225(contradict)-218(the)-219(experience)-219(of)-218(an)-219(overwhelming)-218(majority)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-218(mankind.)-240(Such)-218(as)-218(do)-218(so)-218(require)-219(that)-218(the)-218(strongest)-218(proof)-218(should)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-455(given)-454(before)-455(their)-454(truth)-455(can)-455(be)-454(considered)-455(as)-454(established.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Such)-435(proof)-435(certainly)-435(yet)-435(remains)-435(to)-435(be)-435(given.)-805(Its)-434(advocates,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(however,)-262(tell)-259(us)-260(that)-259(it)-259(will)-260(be)-259(forthcoming)-260(at)-259(some)-519(future)-259(time.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([136])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(In)-294(the)-293(meanwhile)-294(the)-293(fact)-294(is)-294(sufficient)-293(for)-294(our)-293(purpose)-294(that)-293(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-306(capable)-306(of)-306(acting)-307(on)-306(nature)-306(and)-306(of)-306(producing)-306(most)-306(important)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(changes)-417(in)-417(the)-417(results)-417(of)-418(the)-417(action)-417(of)-417(its)-417(forces.)-751(This)-417(being)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so,)-373(it)-348(is)-348(certain)-348(that)-348(an)-348(order)-348(of)-348(events)-348(takes)-348(place)-348(through)-348(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(interference)-269(of)-269(man,)-274(quite)-269(different)-269(from)-269(that)-269(which)-268(would)-269(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taken)-315(place)-315(apart)-315(from)-315(his)-315(interference.)-445(But)-315(these)-314(interferences)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(take)-362(place)-361(in)-362(conformity)-362(with)-361(no)-362(known)-362(law,)-389(and)-362(their)-361(results)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occasion)-324(a)-324(break)-323(in)-324(the)-324(previously)-324(existing)-324(series)-323(of)-324(events,)-342(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-408(introduction)-409(of)-408(a)-409(new)-408(one.)-726(Man,)-448(therefore,)-448(is)-408(capable)-408(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(interfering)-424(with)-424(and)-424(effecting)-423(changes)-424(in)-424(the)-424(order)-424(of)-423(nature.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-379(will)-380(be)-379(objected)-379(that)-380(all)-379(the)-379(agencies)-380(by)-379(which)-379(such)-379(results)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-310(brought)-309(about)-310(are)-309(forces)-310(energizing)-310(in)-309(nature)-310(in)-309(conformity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-270(invariable)-269(law,)-275(and)-270(consequently)-269(that)-270(the)-269(order)-270(of)-270(nature)-269(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(preserved)-306(intact.)-419(It)-306(is)-306(unquestionably)-307(true)-306(that)-306(the)-306(actual)-306(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-375(work)-374(are)-375(forces)-374(in)-375(nature.)-624(But)-374(there)-375(is)-374(another)-375(principle)-374(at)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(work)-220(which)-220(interferes)-219(with)-220(the)-220(regular)-219(course)-220(of)-220(their)-220(action,)-225(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brings)-283(out)-284(a)-283(series)-283(of)-284(results)-283(quite)-283(different)-284(to)-283(that)-283(which)-283(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-263(been)-264(produced)-263(if)-264(they)-263(had)-264(not)-263(been)-263(interfered)-264(with.)-290(This)-263(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man's)-310(reason)-309(and)-310(intelligent)-310(volition.)-429(It)-309(is)-310(impossible)-310(to)-309(reduce)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-349(action)-349(of)-348(this)-349(to)-349(any)-349(known)-349(law)-348(of)-349(invariable)-349(sequence.)-546(It)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(follows)-295(therefore)-294(that)-295(man)-295(is)-294(a)-295(power)-294(either)-295(in)-295(or)-294(out)-295(of)-294(nature,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-354(is)-354(capable)-355(of)-354(interfering)-354(with)-354(the)-355(order)-354(of)-354(the)-354(results)-354(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +585 0 obj << +/Length 4926 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(123)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(its)-277(material)-277(forces,)-284(or,)-284(in)-277(the)-278(language)-277(of)-277(those)-277(with)-277(whom)-277(I)-277(am)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reasoning,)-250(of)-250(violating)-250(the)-250(order)-250(of)-250(nature.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-242(it)-243(will)-242(be)-242(further)-243(objected)-242(that)-243(man)-242(in)-242(his)-243(action)-242(on)-242(nature)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(can)-289(only)-288(use)-289(or)-288(combine)-289(such)-288(natural)-288(forces)-289(as)-288(come)-289(within)-288(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(knowledge;)-334(and)-306(this)-305(proves)-306(nothing)-306(about)-306(the)-306(possibility)-306(of)-305(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(action)-420(of)-419(a)-420(power)-420(outside)-419(nature)-420(which)-420(is)-419(able)-420(to)-420(employ)-419(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(known)-347(and)-346(unknown)-347(forces)-346(for)-347(the)-346(purpose)-346(of)-347(producing)-346(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(results)-387(as)-775(miracles.)-662(I)-387(answer)-387(that)-387(this)-388(objection)-387(can)-387(have)-387(no)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([137])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(validity)-278(unless)-278(it)-278(is)-278(first)-278(assumed)-278(that)-278(man)-278(is)-278(a)-278(portion)-278(of)-278(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-313(the)-314(sense)-313(in)-313(which)-314(we)-313(are)-314(now)-313(speaking)-313(of)-314(it.)-440(But)-313(the)-313(proof)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-342(this)-342(has)-341(certainly)-342(yet)-342(to)-342(be)-341(given.)-525(By)-342(the)-342(word)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 228.138 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(nature,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 29.989 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.572 0 Td [(as)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(it)-348(is)-347(used)-348(by)-347(this)-348(philosophy,)-372(is)-348(meant)-347(the)-348(sum)-347(total)-348(of)-347(known)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(material)-342(forces,)-364(acting)-342(on)-342(matter)-341(in)-342(conformity)-342(with)-341(invariable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(laws;)-220(that)-204(is)-205(to)-205(say,)-213(of)-205(forces)-204(which)-205(are)-205(devoid)-204(of)-205(intelligence)-204(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(volition.)-244(It)-233(is)-233(impossible)-233(in)-233(this)-233(sense)-233(of)-233(the)-233(word)-233(to)-233(include)-233(man)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-224(it,)-230(until)-224(his)-225(entire)-224(intellectual)-225(and)-224(moral)-225(being)-224(can)-225(be)-224(shown)-224(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-298(the)-298(result)-299(of)-298(material)-298(forces.)-394(Nor)-299(even)-298(if)-298(this)-298(could)-298(be)-298(done,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-238(it)-237(avail)-238(for)-238(the)-237(present)-238(argument;)-242(for)-237(however)-238(it)-238(may)-237(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(originated,)-317(man's)-303(power)-303(to)-304(modify)-303(the)-303(action)-304(of)-303(material)-303(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-351(an)-351(existing)-351(fact,)-376(and)-350(produces)-351(results)-351(quite)-351(different)-351(in)-350(kind)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-250(the)-250(action)-250(of)-250(the)-250(unintelligent)-250(forces)-250(of)-250(nature.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-298(fact)-298(that)-298(the)-299(mind)-298(acts)-298(through)-298(a)-298(material)-298(organism,)-310(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-384(incapable)-383(of)-384(calling)-383(into)-384(existence)-383(any)-384(new)-383(force,)-417(does)-383(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alter)-362(the)-361(position)-362(above)-362(taken.)-585(I)-361(am)-362(quite)-361(ready)-362(to)-362(take)-361(either)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-357(the)-358(following)-357(alternatives.)-572(Man)-358(is)-357(either)-357(in)-358(nature,)-384(or)-357(he)-357(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(outside)-332(of)-333(it.)-496(If)-332(he)-333(is)-332(in)-332(it,)-353(then)-332(a)-332(power)-333(exists)-332(within)-332(it)-332(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-254(capable)-254(of)-254(compelling)-253(its)-254(unintelligent)-254(forces)-254(to)-254(effectuate)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(determinations)-307(of)-307(rational)-308(volition.)-421(If)-307(he)-308(is)-307(outside)-307(nature,)-321(then)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-323(power)-323(exists)-323(outside)-323(it)-323(which)-323(is)-323(capable)-323(of)-323(effectuating)-322(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(results.)-525(It)-342(follows,)-365(therefore,)-364(that)-342(in)-342(either)-341(case)-342(a)-342(power)-341(exists)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-240(is)-240(capable)-240(of)-240(modifying)-239(the)-240(order)-240(of)-240(nature.)-247(Now)-240(it)-239(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-244(absurd)-243(to)-244(deny)-244(that)-243(whatever)-244(man)-244(can)-243(effect,)-245(God)-244(is)-244(able)-243(also)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-267(effect;)-275(and)-266(that)-267(He)-266(is)-267(so)-267(much)-266(the)-267(more)-266(able,)-271(in)-267(proportion)-266(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-296(knowledge)-296(is)-296(more)-295(perfect.)-388(Whether,)-307(therefore,)-308(God)-295(works)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +590 0 obj << +/Length 5230 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(124)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-198(nature,)-208(or)-198(outside)-198(it,)-208(a)-198(power)-198(exists)-198(which)-198(is)-198(capable)-198(of)-197(varying)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-297(order)-297(of)-296(nature)-297(without)-297(interrupting)-297(the)-297(action)-296(of)-594(any)-297(of)-296(its)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([138])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(forces,)-455(or)-414(violating)-413(its)-414(laws.)-742(He)-413(also)-414(must)-414(have)-414(other)-413(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-400(His)-399(command)-400(beyond)-399(those)-400(which)-400(are)-399(known)-400(to)-399(man,)-437(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(can)-229(combine)-229(them)-229(and)-229(thereby)-229(modify)-229(their)-229(action)-229(in)-229(conformity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-218(His)-218(pleasure.)-240(He)-218(must)-218(also)-219(be)-218(the)-218(primary)-218(force)-218(everywhere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(underlying)-341(nature,)-364(which)-341(imparts)-341(to)-341(every)-341(other)-341(force)-340(its)-341(ener-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gy)-370(and)-370(power.)-611(It)-370(follows)-370(that)-371(He)-370(can)-370(work)-370(a)-370(miracle)-370(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-367(suspending)-367(any)-368(of)-367(the)-367(existing)-367(forces)-368(of)-367(nature,)-396(and)-367(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-287(allegation)-287(that)-287(miracles)-287(are)-287(contrary)-287(to)-287(reason,)-296(because)-287(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-340(contrary)-339(to)-339(nature,)-362(and)-340(a)-339(violation)-340(of)-339(its)-340(laws)-339(and)-340(order,)-361(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disproved.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(I)-212(will)-213(now)-212(proceed)-213(to)-212(adduce)-212(examples)-213(of)-212(these)-212(contradictions)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-219(our)-218(reason)-219(which)-219(are)-218(said)-219(to)-219(be)-218(involved)-219(in)-219(the)-218(occurrence)-219(of)-218(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracle,)-220(for)-213(the)-213(purpose)-213(of)-212(illustrating)-213(the)-213(confusion)-213(arising)-212(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-193(various)-192(senses)-193(in)-192(which)-193(the)-192(words)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 163.165 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(nature)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 27.262 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.944 0 Td [(and)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 17.853 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(natural)-193(law,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 50.875 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.549 Td [(and)-224(other)-225(similar)-224(expressions)-224(have)-224(been)-225(employed.)-241(Although)-224(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instances)-335(will)-334(be)-335(taken)-334(from)-335(the)-334(opponents)-335(of)-334(Revelation,)-356(I)-334(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-283(means)-282(wish)-283(to)-283(imply)-283(that)-282(they)-283(alone)-283(have)-282(been)-283(guilty)-283(of)-282(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ambiguous)-259(use)-259(of)-259(language.)-277(Its)-259(defenders)-259(are)-259(equally)-259(obnoxious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-250(the)-250(charge.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(After)-228(quoting)-228(a)-229(brief)-228(passage)-228(from)-229(Dr.)-242(Newman,)-233(the)-228(author)-228(of)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf -11.956 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Supernatural)-306(Religion)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 96.669 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.186 0 Td [(urges)-306(the)-307(following)-306(objections:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 141.248 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Mira-)]TJ -255.79 -13.549 Td [(cles)-362(are)-363(here)-362(described)-362(as)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 119.709 0 Td [(\030)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(beside,)-390(beyond,)-391(and)-362(above)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 119.716 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.584 0 Td [(nature,)]TJ -250.641 -13.549 Td [(but)-358(a)-358(moment's)-357(consideration)-358(will)-358(show)-358(that)-357(in)-358(so)-358(far)-358(as)-357(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(terms)-243(have)-242(any)-243(meaning)-243(at)-242(all,)-245(they)-242(are)-243(simply)-243(evasions,)-244(and)-242(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solutions)-263(of)-264(a)-263(difficulty.)-290(If)-263(the)-264(course)-263(of)-263(nature)-264(be)-263(interrupted)-263(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(any)-264(way,)-268(whether)-264(the)-265(interruption)-264(be)-264(said)-265(to)-264(proceed)-264(from)-264(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cause)-305(which)-305(is)-305(said)-305(to)-305(be)-305(beyond,)-319(or)-305(beside,)-319(or)-305(above)-305(nature,)-318(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-272(certain)-272(that)-273(the)-272(interruption)-272(is)-272(not)-273(caused)-272(by)-272(nature)-272(itself;)-283(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(every)-325(disturbance)-325(of)-325(the)-325(order)-324(of)-325(nature,)-344(call)-325(it)-325(by)-325(whatsoever)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([139])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(name)-234(we)-233(may,)-237(is)-234(contrary)-233(to)-234(nature,)-237(whose)-233(chief)-234(characteristic)-233(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(invariability)-212(of)-212(law.)-238(It)-212(is)-212(clearly)-212(unnatural)-212(for)-212(the)-212(ordinary)-212(course)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-291(nature)-290(to)-291(be)-290(disturbed,)-301(and)-291(indeed)-290(were)-291(this)-291(not)-290(the)-291(case,)-300(the)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +595 0 obj << +/Length 5705 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(125)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(disturbance)-250(would)-250(be)-250(no)-250(miracle)-250(at)-250(all.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 169.364 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -157.408 -15.186 Td [(It)-264(is)-265(by)-264(no)-265(means)-264(my)-265(purpose)-264(to)-265(defend)-264(Dr.)-294(Newman's)-264(use)-264(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-294(expressions,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 73.483 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(natural,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 33.022 0 Td [(\035)-294(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.889 0 Td [(beside)-294(nature,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 61.064 0 Td [(\035)-294(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.889 0 Td [(beyond)-294(nature,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 65.307 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.046 0 Td [(or)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf -271.543 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(above)-315(nature.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 59.475 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.278 0 Td [(But)-315(while)-315(the)-314(author)-315(criticises)-315(Dr.)-445(Newman,)-331(it)]TJ -72.597 -13.549 Td [(is)-313(clear)-312(that)-313(in)-312(this)-313(passage)-312(he)-312(has)-313(fallen)-312(into)-313(a)-312(number)-313(of)-312(very)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(singular)-250(confusions)-250(of)-250(thought.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(First:)-421(The)-336(words)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 78.584 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(nature)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 27.262 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.505 0 Td [(and)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 19.414 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(natural,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 33.022 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.505 0 Td [(are)-336(used)-335(as)-336(though)]TJ -196.936 -13.549 Td [(they)-308(had)-308(one)-307(clear,)-323(simple,)-322(and)-308(invariable)-307(meaning,)-323(whereas)-307(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-390(passage)-389(they)-390(are)-389(used)-390(so)-389(as)-390(to)-389(include)-390(phenomena)-389(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(widely)-240(differ)-240(from)-240(one)-240(another.)-247(We)-240(are)-240(not)-240(told)-240(what)-239(is)-240(included)]TJ 0 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[(another)-426(as)-425(those)-426(of)-426(mind)-426(and)-425(matter.)-778(He)-425(then)-426(speaks)-426(of)-425(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chief)-437(characteristic)-437(of)-437(nature)-437(being)-437(invariability)-437(of)-437(law.)-810(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(laws)-309(and)-310(forces)-309(which)-310(regulate)-309(matter)-309(are)-310(distinguished)-309(by)-309(this)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(invariability.)-453(But)-318(the)-318(action)-317(of)-318(mind)-318(is)-318(very)-317(different.)-454(All)-317(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(habitually)-336(speak)-337(of)-336(some)-337(portions)-336(of)-336(it)-337(as)-336(capricious.)-509(Whether)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-263(are)-263(so)-263(or)-263(not,)-266(nothing)-263(is)-263(more)-263(certain)-263(than)-263(that)-263(many)-263(of)-263(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mental)-217(phenomena)-218(have)-217(not)-218(been)-217(reduced)-218(to)-217(the)-218(action)-217(of)-217(known)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(laws.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(When,)-432(therefore,)-431(such)-396(expressions)-395(as)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 173.217 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(beside,)-432(beyond,)-431(and)]TJ -190.016 -13.549 Td [(above)-465(nature,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 61.114 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.917 0 Td [(and)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 20.827 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(natural,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 33.022 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.917 0 Td [(are)-465(used,)-519(I)-465(ask)-465(what)-465(nature)-465(is)]TJ -139.64 -13.549 Td [(intended?)-495(Is)-332(it)-331(matter,)-352(its)-664(forces)-332(and)-331(laws;)-373(or)-331(mind,)-352(including)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([140])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(the)-316(principle)-316(of)-317(volition;)-349(or)-316(both?)-449(If)-316(man)-316(is)-316(included)-316(in)-316(nature,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(then)-339(there)-339(is)-339(a)-339(power)-339(in)-339(nature)-339(which)-339(is)-339(capable)-339(of)-339(controlling)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-387(portions)-387(of)-386(nature,)-421(and)-387(even)-387(of)-387(acting)-387(on)-386(itself.)-661(If)-386(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-335(excluded)-334(from)-335(nature,)-356(then)-334(there)-335(must)-335(exist)-334(a)-335(power)-334(outside)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature,)-366(which)-343(is)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 75.407 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(beyond)-343(and)-343(above)-343(nature,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 115.135 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.585 0 Td [(and)-343(is)-343(capable)-343(of)]TJ -203.971 -13.55 Td [(acting)-454(on)-454(it.)-862(But)-453(if)-454(by)-454(nature)-454(is)-454(meant)-454(the)-454(sum)-454(total)-454(of)-453(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-359(forces)-359(which)-359(exist,)-386(whether)-359(material)-359(or)-358(immaterial,)-387(then)-358(it)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +599 0 obj << +/Length 5136 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(126)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(is)-380(clear)-380(that)-381(a)-380(power)-380(must)-380(exist)-380(in)-381(nature)-380(which)-380(is)-380(capable)-380(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(controlling)-226(the)-225(forces)-226(of)-225(material)-226(nature,)-230(and)-225(of)-226(compelling)-225(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-232(effectuate)-232(its)-232(purposes.)-244(Whichever)-232(point)-232(of)-232(view)-232(we)-232(take)-232(of)-231(it,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(objection)-250(falls)-250(to)-250(the)-250(ground.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(But,)-255(says)-255(the)-254(author,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 92.331 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(If)-254(the)-255(course)-254(of)-255(nature)-254(be)-254(interrupted)-255(in)]TJ -109.131 -13.549 Td [(any)-248(way,)-248(whether)-248(the)-248(interruption)-248(proceed)-248(from)-248(a)-248(cause)-247(beyond,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beside,)-357(or)-336(above)-335(nature,)-357(such)-336(interruption)-336(cannot)-335(be)-336(caused)-335(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(nature;)-355(and)-319(every)-320(disturbance)-319(in)-320(the)-320(order)-319(of)-320(nature)-320(is)-319(contrary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-337(nature.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 42.148 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.515 0 Td [(This)-337(passage)-336(seems)-337(to)-336(imply)-337(that)-336(an)-337(interruption)-336(in)]TJ -50.663 -13.549 Td [(the)-268(order)-267(of)-268(nature)-268(cannot)-267(proceed)-268(from)-268(nature)-267(itself.)-303(But)-268(this)-267(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certainly)-301(incorrect.)-405(Natural)-301(forces,)-314(that)-302(is)-301(to)-302(say,)-314(material)-301(ones,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modify)-251(one)-250(another;)-251(and)-251(by)-251(their)-250(combined)-251(action,)-251(they)-250(produce)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-214(series)-213(of)-214(events)-214(quite)-213(different)-214(from)-213(what)-214(would)-214(be)-213(the)-214(result)-213(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-252(separate)-253(action.)-257(Such)-253(a)-252(new)-253(series)-252(of)-253(events)-252(is)-253(to)-252(all)-252(intents)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-267(purposes)-268(an)-267(interruption)-268(of)-267(the)-268(previous)-267(order)-268(of)-267(nature)-267(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-410(introduction)-411(of)-410(a)-410(new)-410(one.)-731(Such)-411(results)-410(are)-410(produced)-410(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fortuitous)-213(combinations)-213(taking)-212(place,)-221(in)-212(the)-213(manner)-213(which)-213(I)-212(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(already)-376(illustrated,)-409(at)-376(the)-376(right)-377(time)-376(and)-377(place.)-629(The)-376(fortuitous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(combination)-345(of)-346(forces)-345(in)-345(nature)-345(is)-345(capable)-346(of)-345(producing)-345(a)-345(new)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 25.746 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(contrary)-250(to)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 47.564 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(the)-250(previous)-250(order)-250(of)-250(nature.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -158.479 0 Td [([141])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -14.777 Td [(This,)-352(as)-332(I)-331(have)-332(shown,)-352(is)-332(still)-331(more)-332(evidently)-332(the)-331(case)-332(if)-331(we)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(include)-250(the)-250(phenomena)-250(of)-250(mind)-250(in)-250(nature.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(But)-363(it)-363(is)-363(affirmed,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 85.534 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(if)-363(the)-363(interruption)-363(be)-362(due)-363(to)-363(a)-363(cause)-363(ei-)]TJ -102.333 -13.55 Td [(ther)-291(beyond,)-301(beside,)-300(or)-291(above)-291(nature,)-300(the)-291(interruption)-291(cannot)-290(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(caused)-389(by)-390(nature.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 79.079 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.092 0 Td [(This)-389(is)-390(of)-389(course)-390(a)-389(self-evident)-390(truth.)-668(But)]TJ -88.171 -13.549 Td [(then)-344(it)-344(is)-344(inferred)-344(that)-344(such)-344(interruption)-344(is)-344(a)-344(disturbance)-344(of)-343(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-212(of)-212(nature;)-224(and)-212(that)-212(every)-212(disturbance)-211(of)-212(its)-212(order)-212(is)-211(contrary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-366(nature.)-598(The)-366(inference)-366(which)-366(the)-366(reader)-366(is)-366(left)-366(to)-366(draw,)-395(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-308(is)-308(directly)-309(stated)-308(in)-308(other)-308(parts)-308(of)-309(the)-308(work,)-323(is,)-322(that)-308(what)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-291(contrary)-290(to)-291(nature)-290(is)-291(contrary)-290(to)-291(reason;)-310(that)-291(a)-290(miracle)-291(is)-290(thus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contrary)-250(to)-250(nature,)-250(and)-250(therefore)-250(contrary)-250(to)-250(reason.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(I)-183(observe)-183(that,)-197(although)-183(the)-183(interruption)-184(here)-183(referred)-183(to)-183(cannot)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(be)-357(caused)-357(by)-357(nature)-357(\050for)-357(it)-357(is)-357(contrary)-357(to)-357(the)-357(conditions)-357(of)-357(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(case)-373(that)-373(it)-373(should)-373(be\051,)-404(yet)-373(it)-373(by)-373(no)-373(means)-373(follows)-373(that)-373(it)-373(is)-373(a)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +603 0 obj << +/Length 5210 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(127)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(breach)-240(of)-240(the)-240(order)-240(of)-240(nature)-240(in)-240(any)-240(other)-240(sense)-240(than)-240(that)-240(which)-240(I)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-237(already)-236(discussed.)-246(Such)-236(disturbances)-237(occur)-237(every)-236(day.)-246(It)-236(is,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(therefore,)-269(misleading)-266(to)-265(designate)-266(them)-265(as)-265(contrary)-266(to)-265(nature,)-269(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-199(neither)-198(necessarily)-199(suspend)-198(any)-198(natural)-199(force)-198(nor)-199(violate)-198(any)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(natural)-306(law.)-418(I)-307(have)-306(already)-306(proved)-306(that)-306(there)-306(is)-306(nothing)-306(in)-306(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disturbances,)-320(or,)-320(if)-306(we)-306(persist)-306(in)-306(so)-306(designating)-306(them)-305(violations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-314(the)-315(order)-314(of)-314(nature,)-331(that)-314(is)-314(contrary)-314(to)-315(reason.)-443(Such)-314(a)-314(use)-314(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-263(terms)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 43.316 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(course)-263(and)-264(order)-263(of)-263(nature)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 115.083 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.716 0 Td [(is)-263(full)-264(of)-263(ambiguities)-263(and)]TJ -170.959 -13.549 Td [(certain)-250(to)-250(betray)-250(us)-250(into)-250(fallacious)-250(reasonings.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But,)-305(adds)-295(the)-294(writer,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 93.682 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(it)-294(is)-295(clearly)-294(unnatural)-294(that)-295(the)-294(ordinary)]TJ -110.481 -13.549 Td [(course)-248(of)-248(nature)-248(should)-248(be)-248(disturbed.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 161.07 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.548 0 Td [(Here)-248(the)-248(ambiguity)-248(of)-248(the)]TJ -168.618 -13.55 Td [(expressions)-312(used,)-326(and)-312(the)-311(consequent)-312(fallacy)-311(of)-312(the)-311(reasonings,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-250(brought)-250(to)-250(a)-250(culmination.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(What,)-316(I)-304(ask,)-316(is)-303(intended)-303(by)-303(the)-304(ordinary)-303(course)-303(of)-303(nature?)-409(Is)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(it)-266(the)-265(invariable)-266(action)-265(of)-266(its)-265(forces,)-269(or)-266(the)-531(invariable)-265(sequences)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([142])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-253(their)-252(results,)-254(or)-253(the)-252(orderly)-253(arrangement)-253(of)-252(its)-253(parts;)-254(or)-253(does)-252(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(include)-275(mind)-276(and)-275(all)-275(its)-275(phenomena,)-282(of)-275(the)-276(precise)-275(nature)-275(of)-275(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forces,)-339(laws)-320(and)-321(order)-321(of)-321(which)-321(we)-320(are)-321(ignorant,)-339(and)-321(its)-320(action)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-345(the)-345(physical)-344(universe?)-535(What,)-368(again,)-369(is)-345(the)-345(precise)-344(meaning)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-241(can)-240(be)-241(attached)-241(to)-240(the)-241(word)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 151.066 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(unnatural)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 41.204 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.469 0 Td [(in)-241(such)-240(a)-241(context,)]TJ -204.583 -13.549 Td [(where)-324(it)-324(is)-323(evident)-324(that)-324(its)-324(meaning)-323(must)-324(vary)-324(according)-324(as)-323(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(include)-393(in)-393(nature)-393(one,)-428(several,)-429(or)-393(all)-393(of)-393(these)-393(phenomena?)-678(If)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-347(the)-346(word)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 57.998 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(unnatural)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 41.204 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.623 0 Td [(the)-346(meaning)-347(intended)-346(to)-347(be)-346(conveyed)]TJ -112.669 -13.549 Td [(is)-426(unusual)-427(or)-426(impossible,)-471(it)-426(is)-427(then)-426(clearly)-427(not)-426(unnatural)-426(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-304(course)-304(of)-303(nature)-304(should)-304(be)-304(interrupted)-303(in)-304(the)-304(manner)-304(I)-303(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(previously)-361(pointed)-362(out.)-584(Nor)-361(if)-362(man)-361(is)-361(included)-362(in)-361(nature,)-389(is)-361(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unnatural)-278(that)-279(the)-278(results)-279(produced)-278(by)-278(its)-279(physical)-278(forces)-278(should)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-250(greatly)-250(modified)-250(by)-250(his)-250(action?)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(The)-374(remark)-374(of)-375(the)-374(author)-374(in)-374(connection)-375(with)-374(this)-374(subject)-374(is)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(perfectly)-253(true,)-254(that)-253(a)-253(grain)-254(could)-253(never)-253(of)-253(itself,)-254(nor)-253(according)-253(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-263(law)-262(of)-263(natural)-262(development,)-266(issue)-262(in)-263(a)-262(loaf)-263(of)-263(bread;)-268(but)-263(it)-262(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wholly)-248(aside)-247(from)-248(the)-247(issue)-248(which)-248(he)-247(raises.)-249(It)-248(is)-247(unquestionable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-227(forces)-227(purely)-227(physical)-227(could)-227(not)-227(effect)-228(this)-227(result;)-234(but)-227(does)-227(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(follow)-231(from)-232(this)-231(that)-231(the)-231(production)-232(of)-231(a)-231(loaf)-231(of)-232(bread)-231(is)-231(an)-231(event)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +607 0 obj << +/Length 4830 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(128)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(contrary)-253(to)-253(nature?)-258(The)-253(result)-253(can)-252(only)-253(be)-253(produced)-253(by)-253(the)-252(com-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bination)-201(and)-200(controlling)-201(of)-201(a)-200(number)-201(of)-201(material)-200(forces)-201(by)-200(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason.)-248(The)-243(grain)-243(of)-244(wheat)-243(must)-243(be)-244(planted)-243(by)-243(man)-244(at)-243(the)-243(proper)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(season.)-234(It)-202(must)-202(be)-201(cared)-202(for)-202(by)-202(him.)-234(Various)-202(physical)-202(forces)-201(must)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(contribute)-271(to)-272(the)-271(growth)-272(and)-271(development)-271(of)-272(the)-271(plant.)-314(The)-271(ears)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(produced)-296(must)-296(be)-296(reaped)-296(in)-296(harvest-time.)-388(This)-296(process)-296(must)-296(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(repeated)-267(until)-268(the)-267(grains)-268(are)-267(sufficient)-268(in)-267(number)-268(to)-267(produce)-267(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intended)-265(loaf.)-296(Then)-265(they)-265(must)-265(be)-265(threshed,)-269(ground,)-269(prepared)-265(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-298(oven,)-311(baked.)-395(In)-298(one)-299(word,)-310(the)-299(miller)-298(and)-298(the)-299(baker)-298(must)-298(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(invoked)-318(to)-317(control,)-335(combine,)-669(modify)-318(and)-317(give)-318(a)-318(new)-317(direction)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([143])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(to)-364(the)-364(forces)-364(of)-364(nature)-364(under)-364(the)-364(direction)-364(of)-364(intelligence.)-592(All)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-275(involves)-276(something)-275(more)-275(than)-275(the)-276(action)-275(of)-275(material)-275(forces.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-304(forces)-305(of)-304(nature)-304(carry)-304(on)-304(the)-305(work)-304(to)-304(a)-304(certain)-305(point.)-412(Then)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-229(takes)-230(it)-229(up)-229(and)-229(interrupts)-230(their)-229(order,)-233(although)-230(he)-229(does)-229(so)-229(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(compelling)-182(other)-183(forces)-182(to)-182(effectuate)-183(the)-182(purposes)-182(of)-183(his)-182(will.)-227(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ordinary)-266(course)-266(of)-267(material)-266(nature)-266(is)-266(disturbed)-266(in)-266(the)-266(production)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-355(a)-354(loaf)-355(of)-355(bread.)-564(A)-355(new)-354(order)-355(of)-355(events)-355(is)-354(introduced.)-564(Man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-310(either)-311(within)-310(or)-310(without)-311(nature.)-431(In)-310(either)-310(case)-311(a)-310(power)-310(exists)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(is)-250(capable)-250(of)-250(producing)-250(innovations)-250(in)-250(its)-250(order.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(But)-305(how)-305(stands)-305(the)-305(case)-305(of)-305(the)-305(feeding)-305(of)-305(five)-305(thousand)-305(per-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(sons)-274(on)-274(seven)-274(loaves)-274(and)-274(two)-274(fishes?)-322(The)-274(seven)-274(loaves)-274(and)-274(two)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fishes)-341(had)-341(been)-341(previously)-340(produced,)-364(by)-341(the)-341(action)-341(of)-340(material)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(forces)-305(out)-305(of)-305(materials)-305(already)-304(existing)-305(in)-305(the)-305(ground,)-319(in)-304(water,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-340(in)-341(the)-340(air.)-522(Of)-340(such)-340(materials)-341(there)-340(was)-341(abundance)-340(at)-340(hand)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-359(produce)-359(the)-360(requisite)-359(amount)-359(of)-359(food)-360(for)-359(the)-359(feeding)-359(of)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(multitude.)-315(The)-271(only)-272(question)-271(was)-271(how)-272(to)-271(build)-272(them)-271(up)-272(into)-271(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forms)-358(of)-357(bread)-358(and)-357(fish.)-573(There)-358(was)-357(no)-358(occasion)-357(to)-358(create)-357(one)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(single)-240(particle)-240(of)-240(matter.)-247(As)-240(to)-240(the)-240(nature)-240(of)-240(the)-239(forces)-240(employed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-234(work)-235(the)-234(miracle)-234(the)-235(narrative)-234(says)-235(nothing.)-244(Nor)-235(does)-234(it)-234(imply)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-329(one)-329(of)-329(the)-329(ordinary)-329(forces)-329(of)-329(nature)-329(was)-329(suspended)-329(on)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occasion.)-470(All)-323(that)-324(it)-323(asserts)-323(is)-324(the)-323(presence)-323(of)-324(a)-323(force)-323(adequate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-248(build)-248(up)-248(the)-248(materials)-248(already)-248(existing)-248(into)-248(the)-248(forms)-248(of)-247(bread)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-278(fish,)-285(that)-278(force)-278(being)-277(God.)-334(In)-278(the)-278(manufacture)-278(of)-278(the)-277(loaves)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-289(in)-289(the)-289(catching)-289(of)-289(the)-289(fish,)-299(man)-289(had)-289(interfered)-288(with)-289(nature's)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +611 0 obj << +/Length 4932 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(129)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(order)-217(by)-216(the)-217(blending)-217(of)-217(her)-216(powers.)-239(God)-217(interfered)-217(with)-216(nature's)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-390(at)-389(a)-390(higher)-389(stage)-390(by)-389(building)-389(up)-390(the)-389(particular)-390(forms)-389(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bread)-246(and)-245(fish)-246(out)-245(of)-246(materials)-246(already)-245(in)-246(existence,)-246(by)-246(means)-245(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forces)-352(differing)-352(from)-351(those)-352(which)-352(come)-352(under)-352(our)-351(cognisance.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-342(act)-342(of)-342(man)-342(is)-683(evidence)-342(of)-342(the)-342(presence)-342(of)-342(a)-342(being)-342(who)-341(is)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([144])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(able)-215(to)-216(control)-215(the)-216(forces)-215(of)-215(external)-216(nature)-215(for)-216(his)-215(own)-215(purposes.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-294(miracle)-294(would)-293(be)-294(evidence)-294(of)-294(the)-293(presence)-294(of)-294(a)-294(Being)-293(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-278(able)-279(to)-278(exert)-279(a)-278(mightier)-279(influence)-278(over)-279(them)-278(in)-279(order)-278(to)-278(effect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(own.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Equal)-191(ambiguity)-192(prevails)-191(in)-191(the)-192(use)-191(of)-191(the)-192(term)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 201.795 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(law.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 18.48 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.931 0 Td [(What)-191(do)]TJ -244.005 -13.55 Td [(we)-282(mean)-283(by)-282(law)-282(when)-283(we)-282(apply)-282(the)-283(term)-282(to)-282(nature?)-347(In)-282(physical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophy,)-209(the)-198(Duke)-198(of)-198(Argyll)-199(tells)-198(us)-198(it)-198(is)-199(used)-198(in)-198(a)-198(great)-198(variety)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-230(senses.)-243(Its)-230(proper)-230(meaning)-230(is)-230(to)-230(denote)-230(an)-230(invariable)-230(sequence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-230(phenomena.)-243(It)-230(is)-230(frequently)-230(made)-230(to)-230(include)-230(the)-230(conception)-229(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-266(forces)-266(at)-266(work)-265(which)-266(produce)-266(the)-266(phenomena.)-298(This)-265(ambigu-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ous)-257(use)-256(of)-257(the)-256(word)-257(has)-256(been)-257(a)-256(source)-257(of)-256(endless)-257(confusion.)-269(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(following)-250(quotation)-250(will)-250(furnish)-250(us)-250(with)-250(an)-250(example:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 229.996 0 Td [(\024)]TJ -218.04 -16.004 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(If)-413(in)-414(animated)-413(beings)-413(we)-414(have)-413(the)-413(solitary)-414(instance)-413(of)-414(an)]TJ -16.799 -13.549 Td [(efficient)-254(cause)-254(acting)-254(among)-254(the)-254(forces)-254(of)-254(nature)-254(and)-254(possessing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-341(power)-341(of)-340(initiation,)-364(this)-340(efficient)-341(cause)-341(produces)-341(no)-340(distur-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bance)-251(of)-250(physical)-251(law.)-252(Its)-251(existence)-250(is)-251(as)-251(much)-250(a)-251(recognised)-250(part)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-307(the)-308(infinite)-307(variety)-307(of)-307(form)-308(within)-307(the)-307(order)-307(of)-308(nature,)-321(as)-307(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence)-218(of)-217(a)-217(crystal)-218(or)-217(a)-218(plant;)-228(and)-218(although)-217(the)-218(character)-217(of)-217(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-335(exercised)-335(by)-335(it)-334(may)-335(not)-335(be)-335(clearly)-335(understood,)-356(its)-334(effects)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-292(regulated)-293(by)-292(the)-293(same)-292(laws)-293(as)-292(govern)-293(all)-292(the)-293(other)-292(forces)-292(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature.)-466(If)-322(the)-322(laws)-322(of)-322(matter)-322(are)-322(suspended)-322(by)-322(the)-322(laws)-322(of)-322(life,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(each)-379(time)-379(an)-379(animated)-379(being)-379(moves)-379(any)-379(part)-378(of)-379(its)-379(body,)-411(one)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(physical)-323(law)-323(is)-323(suspended)-322(in)-323(precisely)-323(the)-323(same)-323(manner)-323(and)-322(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-359(equivalent)-359(degree,)-386(each)-359(time)-359(another)-359(physical)-359(law)-359(is)-359(called)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-362(action.)-584(The)-362(law)-362(of)-361(gravitation,)-390(for)-361(instance,)-390(is)-361(suspended)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-278(the)-279(law)-278(of)-278(magnetism)-279(each)-278(time)-278(a)-279(magnet)-278(suspends)-278(a)-278(weight)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-340(the)-341(air.)-521(In)-341(each)-340(case)-340(a)-341(law)-340(is)-341(successfully)-340(resisted)-340(precisely)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-343(the)-342(extent)-343(of)-342(the)-343(force)-342(employed....)-527(No)-343(exercise)-342(of)-343(will)-342(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(overcome)-348(the)-348(law)-348(of)-348(gravitation)-348(or)-348(any)-696(other)-348(law)-348(to)-348(a)-347(greater)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([145])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +617 0 obj << +/Length 5095 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(130)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(extent)-335(than)-335(the)-335(actual)-335(force)-335(exerted,)-356(any)-335(more)-335(than)-335(a)-334(magnetic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(current)-308(can)-308(do)-308(so)-308(beyond)-308(the)-308(action)-308(of)-308(the)-308(battery.)-424(Will)-308(has)-308(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-201(against)-202(exhaustion.)-233(Even)-201(Moses)-202(in)-201(the)-201(sublimest)-201(moments)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-311(faith)-310(could)-311(not)-311(hold)-310(up)-311(his)-310(arms)-311(to)-311(heaven)-310(after)-311(his)-310(physical)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(force)-250(was)-250(consumed.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 91.789 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(P.)-250(44,)-250(vol.)-250(i.)]TJ -87.404 -15.185 Td [(First:)-264(it)-257(is)-258(alleged)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 79.185 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(that)-257(an)-257(efficient)-257(cause)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 95.655 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.649 0 Td [(\050man)-257(for)-257(example\051)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf -199.289 -13.55 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(acting)-259(among)-259(the)-259(forces)-259(of)-259(nature,)-261(and)-259(possessing)-259(the)-259(power)-258(of)]TJ -4.844 -13.549 Td [(initiation,)-208(produces)-197(no)-197(disturbance)-197(of)-197(physical)-197(law.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 219.656 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.994 0 Td [(What)-197(is)-197(here)]TJ -226.65 -13.549 Td [(meant)-334(by)-334(disturbance)-333(of)-334(physical)-334(law?)-501(It)-334(is)-334(plain)-334(that)-333(physical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forces)-340(would)-339(work)-340(out)-340(a)-339(wholly)-340(different)-340(result)-339(apart)-340(from)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action)-215(of)-215(man)-215(upon)-215(them.)-238(Though)-215(he)-215(suspends)-215(no)-215(physical)-214(force,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-430(action)-430(of)-430(man)-430(has)-430(produced)-430(an)-430(order)-430(of)-430(events)-430(in)-430(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(different)-430(from)-429(that)-430(which)-430(would)-430(have)-429(taken)-430(place)-430(without)-429(it,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-303(by)-304(balancing)-303(one)-303(against)-304(the)-303(other)-303(he)-304(modifies)-303(their)-303(action.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(What)-241(is)-240(more,)-243(he)-241(possesses)-240(a)-241(power)-241(of)-241(self-determination.)-246(Other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forces)-347(are)-346(unintelligent.)-540(Man)-347(is)-347(an)-346(intelligent)-347(force)-347(capable)-346(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(introducing)-377(an)-378(order)-377(of)-378(nature)-377(quite)-377(different)-378(from)-377(that)-377(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-347(material)-346(forces)-347(of)-346(nature)-346(would)-347(have)-346(produced)-347(without)-346(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intervention.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Next:)-535(we)-393(are)-393(told)-393(that)-392(the)-393(existence)-393(of)-393(man)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 205.53 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(is)-393(as)-392(much)-393(a)]TJ -222.33 -13.549 Td [(recognised)-238(part)-238(of)-238(the)-238(infinite)-238(variety)-238(of)-238(form)-238(within)-238(the)-238(order)-238(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-270(as)-269(the)-270(existence)-269(of)-270(a)-270(plant)-269(or)-270(a)-269(crystal.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 198.232 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.784 0 Td [(I)-270(again)-269(ask,)-275(what)]TJ -206.016 -13.549 Td [(nature?)-356(Is)-285(the)-285(order)-286(spoken)-285(of)-285(that)-286(of)-285(blind)-285(unintelligent)-285(forces,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-274(does)-274(it)-274(include)-274(intelligence)-275(and)-274(free)-274(agency?)-322(Unless)-274(man)-274(is)-274(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(blind)-219(unintelligent)-219(force,)-225(although)-218(he)-219(be)-219(supposed)-219(to)-219(exist)-218(within)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature,)-405(he)-374(belongs)-374(to)-375(an)-374(order)-374(wholly)-374(different)-374(from)-374(that)-374(of)-374(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plant)-288(or)-288(a)-289(crystal.)-364(To)-288(assert)-288(the)-289(contrary)-288(is)-288(to)-288(assume)-288(the)-288(whole)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(question.)-793(The)-431(results)-862(produced)-431(by)-431(intelligent)-431(volition)-430(differ)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([146])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(completely)-286(in)-285(character)-286(from)-286(those)-285(effected)-286(by)-286(the)-285(unintelligent)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(forces)-234(of)-234(nature.)-245(The)-234(one)-234(follows)-234(an)-234(order)-234(of)-233(necessity:)-242(the)-234(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-299(freedom.)-398(The)-299(affirmation)-299(that)-299(the)-300(results)-299(of)-299(the)-299(latter)-299(belong)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-334(the)-334(same)-334(order)-334(as)-334(those)-334(of)-334(the)-334(former)-334(is)-334(directly)-334(contrary)-333(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(facts.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Again:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 32.404 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-247(laws)-247(of)-247(matter)-247(are)-247(suspended)-246(by)-247(the)-247(laws)-247(of)-247(life.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 226.582 0 Td [(\035)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +621 0 obj << +/Length 5258 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(131)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(If)-434(laws)-434(are)-434(the)-435(invariable)-434(sequences)-434(of)-434(phenomena)-434(how)-434(is)-434(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possible)-355(that)-355(one)-356(law)-355(can)-355(suspend)-355(another)-355(law?)-566(It)-355(is)-355(not)-355(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(true)-387(that)-388(one)-387(force)-388(can)-387(suspend)-388(another)-387(force.)-662(All)-388(that)-387(it)-387(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(do)-326(is)-326(to)-326(neutralize)-326(its)-326(action.)-478(Physical)-326(philosophy)-326(is)-325(constantly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(attributing)-404(to)-403(laws)-404(what)-404(can)-404(only)-403(be)-404(true)-404(of)-404(forces,)-442(and)-403(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(frequently)-209(ascribes)-209(to)-209(them)-209(what)-209(is)-209(only)-209(true)-209(of)-209(intelligent)-208(forces.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-288(must)-289(never)-288(be)-289(overlooked)-288(in)-288(this)-289(controversy)-288(that)-289(the)-288(laws)-288(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-272(can)-272(effectuate)-272(nothing.)-316(Forces,)-277(not)-272(laws,)-278(produce)-271(results.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-342(following)-343(sentence)-342(will)-343(be)-342(a)-343(correct)-342(expression)-343(of)-342(a)-342(truth,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(if)-412(we)-412(substitute)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 74.693 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(force)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 22.407 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.337 0 Td [(for)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 17.214 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(law:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 18.785 0 Td [(\035)-412(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.182 0 Td [(The)-412(law)-412(of)-412(gravitation)-412(is)]TJ -166.306 -13.549 Td [(overcome)-228(by)-229(the)-228(law)-229(of)-228(magnetism)-229(each)-228(time)-229(a)-228(magnet)-228(suspends)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-287(weight)-287(in)-287(the)-287(air.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 83.114 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.974 0 Td [(Immediately)-287(after,)-296(we)-287(are)-287(told)-287(that)-287(the)-287(arm)]TJ -91.088 -13.549 Td [(falls)-183(in)-183(obedience)-183(to)-183(law.)-228(It)-183(falls)-183(by)-183(the)-183(force)-183(of)-183(gravitation.)-227(When)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theologians)-348(use)-348(metaphors)-348(of)-348(this)-348(description)-348(they)-348(are)-348(charged)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-303(anthropomorphism.)-410(Such)-303(a)-303(charge)-304(is)-303(equally)-303(valid)-303(against)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(language)-250(in)-250(which)-250(physical)-250(philosophy)-250(expresses)-250(itself.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Again:)-538(The)-394(author)-393(affirms)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 124.792 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(that)-394(the)-394(solitary)-394(instance)-393(of)-394(an)]TJ -141.591 -13.549 Td [(efficient)-394(cause,)-431(if)-394(it)-394(be)-395(distinguished)-394(from)-394(the)-395(other)-394(forces)-394(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-399(by)-400(the)-399(possession)-400(of)-399(an)-399(initiatory)-400(impulse,)-437(is)-399(from)-399(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moment)-239(when)-240(that)-239(power)-240(is)-239(exerted)-240(subject)-239(to)-240(physical)-239(laws)-239(like)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(all)-419(other)-418(forces;)-503(and)-419(there)-419(is)-419(no)-418(instance)-419(producible,)-461(or)-418(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(logically)-329(conceivable,)-348(of)-328(any)-329(power)-329(whose)-328(effects)-329(are)-328(opposed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-308(the)-308(ultimate)-616(ruling)-309(of)-308(the)-308(laws)-308(of)-308(nature.)-424(The)-308(occurrence)-308(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([147])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(anything)-250(opposed)-250(to)-250(these)-250(laws)-250(is)-250(incredible.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 195.436 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(p.)-250(48.)]TJ -191.051 -16.004 Td [(What)-340(is)-341(meant,)-363(I)-341(ask,)-363(by)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 114.887 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-340(intimate)-341(ruling)-341(of)-340(the)-341(laws)-340(of)]TJ -131.687 -13.549 Td [(nature)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 27.262 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(?)-531(Even)-343(if)-344(we)-344(substitute)-343(forces)-344(for)-343(laws,)-367(the)-344(meaning)-343(is)]TJ -32.106 -13.549 Td [(sufficiently)-202(obscure.)-233(Probably)-202(the)-201(expression)-202(is)-201(intended)-202(to)-201(mean)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-354(combined)-355(result)-354(effected)-354(by)-355(the)-354(energy)-354(of)-355(all)-354(the)-354(forces)-354(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature.)-361(If)-287(these)-287(include)-287(all)-287(mental)-287(as)-287(well)-287(as)-287(all)-287(material)-286(forces,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(then)-220(the)-219(assertion)-220(is)-219(a)-220(simple)-219(truism,)-226(that)-220(nothing)-219(can)-220(be)-219(contrary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-253(itself.)-257(But)-253(if)-252(they)-253(exclude)-252(mental)-253(force,)-253(then)-252(the)-253(results)-252(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-378(produce)-379(are)-378(clearly)-379(opposed)-378(to)-379(the)-378(ultimate)-379(ruling)-378(of)-378(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(forces)-303(of)-304(unintelligent)-303(nature.)-411(Numerous)-303(instances)-304(are)-303(not)-303(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(logically)-315(conceivable,)-331(but)-315(actually)-315(producible.)-445(The)-315(occurrence,)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +625 0 obj << +/Length 4559 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(132)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(therefore,)-386(of)-359(anything)-358(opposed)-359(to)-359(the)-358(ultimate)-359(rulings)-359(of)-358(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unintelligent)-256(physical)-255(forces)-256(is)-255(not)-256(incredible.)-267(It)-255(is)-256(perfectly)-255(true)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-345(man)-345(can)-345(only)-346(produce)-345(results)-345(through)-345(the)-345(agency)-345(of)-345(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physical)-255(forces;)-258(but)-255(he)-256(can)-255(modify)-255(their)-255(results,)-257(and)-255(so)-255(use)-255(them)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-370(to)-370(make)-370(them)-370(the)-371(means)-370(of)-370(effectuating)-370(his)-370(purposes.)-610(It)-370(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quite)-238(true)-238(that)-238(nothing)-238(can)-238(occur)-238(opposed)-238(to)-238(the)-238(forces)-238(of)-238(nature;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-224(is)-223(to)-224(say,)-229(that,)-229(while)-223(the)-224(force)-223(of)-224(gravitation)-223(is)-224(in)-224(energy,)-228(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-346(other)-345(force)-346(is)-346(present)-345(capable)-346(of)-346(overcoming)-345(its)-346(power,)-369(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascension)-294(of)-295(a)-294(human)-294(body)-294(into)-295(heaven)-294(is)-294(impossible.)-383(But)-294(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(has)-253(ever)-252(affirmed)-253(that)-253(it)-253(was)-252(possible?)-259(Those)-252(who)-253(affirm)-253(that)-252(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascension)-319(has)-318(taken)-319(place,)-336(also)-318(assert)-319(that)-319(another)-318(force)-319(was)-318(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(active)-323(energy,)-342(which)-323(was)-323(capable)-324(of)-323(counteracting)-323(the)-323(force)-323(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gravitation.)-434(This)-312(assertion,)-326(therefore,)-327(is)-311(totally)-312(irrelevant)-311(to)-311(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(point)-250(at)-250(issue.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(The)-397(consideration)-398(of)-397(the)-398(next)-397(question)-398(before)-397(us)-398(may)-397(very)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(properly)-281(be)-280(introduced,)-289(by)-280(quoting)-281(the)-281(following)-280(passage)-281(of)-280(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-250(author:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 11.956 -15.186 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Our)-475(highest)-475(attainable)-475(conception)-475(of)-475(infinite)-475(power)-950(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -89.554 0 Td [([148])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(wisdom)-236(is)-237(based)-236(on)-236(the)-236(universality)-237(and)-236(invariability)-236(of)-236(law,)-239(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(inexorably)-427(excludes)-427(as)-427(unworthy)-427(and)-427(anthropomorphistic)-426(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(idea)-250(of)-250(its)-250(fitful)-250(suspension.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 120.906 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -108.95 -15.185 Td [(This)-246(at)-246(once)-247(raises)-246(the)-246(very)-246(important)-246(question,)-247(whether)-246(there)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(is)-245(anything)-245(in)-245(the)-245(performance)-245(of)-245(a)-245(miracle)-245(inconsistent)-245(with)-245(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divine)-377(character)-377(and)-377(perfections.)-632(It)-377(has)-377(been)-377(often)-377(alleged)-377(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-231(who)-230(deny)-231(the)-231(possibility)-230(of)-231(miracles,)-234(that)-231(God)-231(energizes)-230(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-321(universe)-322(in)-321(conformity)-322(with)-321(invariable)-322(laws,)-339(which)-321(express)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-405(uniform)-404(mode)-405(of)-404(the)-405(divine)-404(working.)-714(From)-405(these,)-443(as)-404(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(result)-211(of)-210(his)-211(wisdom,)-219(He)-210(will)-211(never)-211(deviate.)-237(To)-210(alter)-211(or)-211(vary)-210(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-320(mode)-320(of)-320(acting)-320(implies)-320(that)-320(the)-320(machinery)-320(of)-320(the)-319(universe,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-371(which)-372(He)-371(acts,)-402(is)-372(imperfect.)-614(The)-372(supposition)-371(that)-371(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-279(worked)-278(a)-279(miracle)-278(therefore)-279(involves)-279(the)-278(assumption)-279(that)-278(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-380(ceased)-381(from)-380(one)-381(mode)-380(of)-381(action)-380(and)-380(adopted)-381(another;)-445(or,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-320(other)-320(words,)-337(that)-320(the)-320(forces)-320(of)-320(the)-320(universe)-320(fail)-320(to)-319(effectuate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-403(purposes;)-479(or)-402(that)-403(the)-403(whole)-402(machine)-403(has)-403(got)-402(out)-403(of)-402(order)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +629 0 obj << +/Length 4620 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(133)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(and)-378(requires)-378(rectification.)-633(Any)-378(action)-378(of)-378(this)-378(kind)-378(in)-378(the)-377(case)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-384(a)-385(Being)-384(possessed)-384(of)-384(all)-384(power,)-418(is)-385(a)-384(reflection)-384(both)-384(on)-384(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wisdom)-203(and)-203(his)-203(immutability.)-234(Still)-203(further:)-227(it)-203(is)-203(affirmed)-203(by)-202(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-301(the)-300(love)-301(of)-301(order)-300(is)-301(an)-301(attribute)-300(so)-301(inherent)-301(in)-300(Deity,)-314(that)-300(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-345(inconceivable)-345(that)-345(any)-345(alteration)-345(in)-345(the)-345(existing)-345(order)-345(of)-345(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universe)-250(should)-250(take)-250(place)-250(under)-250(his)-250(government.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(One)-403(objection)-404(raised)-403(in)-404(the)-403(above)-403(quotation)-404(I)-403(may)-403(dismiss)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(summarily,)-482(viz.)-807(the)-435(idea)-436(that)-435(God)-436(interposes)-435(with)-436(any)-435(fitful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interventions)-346(in)-347(the)-346(universe.)-539(The)-347(idea)-346(of)-347(fitful)-346(intervention)-346(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quite)-297(foreign)-297(to)-296(the)-297(conception)-297(of)-297(a)-296(miracle,)-309(which)-297(is)-296(described)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-278(the)-279(New)-278(Testament)-279(as)-278(one)-279(of)-278(the)-279(means)-278(by)-279(which)-278(he)-278(realizes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-247(deliberate)-247(purposes.)-249(I)-248(shall)-247(elsewhere)-247(disprove)-247(the)-247(allegation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-456(Revelation)-456(is)-456(an)-457(intervention)-456(of)-456(the)-456(Creator)-456(to)-456(rectify)-456(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miscarriage)-250(in)-250(his)-250(creative)-250(work.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([149])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -15.186 Td [(It)-406(will)-406(also)-406(be)-406(desirable)-406(in)-406(this)-406(place)-406(to)-406(answer)-406(the)-406(charge)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-295(anthropomorphism)-294(so)-295(frequently)-295(urged)-294(against)-295(the)-294(defenders)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-459(Christianity.)-877(When)-460(they)-459(speak)-459(of)-459(God)-459(as)-459(a)-459(person,)-511(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-448(charged)-448(with)-448(manufacturing)-448(a)-448(gigantic)-448(man.)-844(When)-448(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascribe)-330(to)-330(Him)-329(a)-330(moral)-330(character,)-350(or)-329(describe)-330(Him)-330(as)-330(acting)-329(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(nature,)-305(they)-294(are)-293(then)-294(accused)-294(of)-294(making)-294(a)-293(God)-294(out)-294(of)-294(a)-293(number)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-450(conceptions)-450(which)-450(are)-450(purely)-450(human.)-850(This)-450(fault,)-500(if)-450(it)-450(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one,)-312(must)-300(be)-300(shared)-299(alike)-300(by)-300(philosophers,)-312(men)-300(of)-299(science,)-312(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theologians.)-442(The)-314(plain)-313(fact)-314(is,)-330(that)-314(man)-314(has)-314(no)-314(conceptions)-313(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-348(ones.)-543(To)-348(abandon)-347(these)-348(is)-348(to)-347(cease)-348(to)-348(think)-347(altogether.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(When)-248(philosophers)-248(and)-248(men)-248(of)-249(science)-248(speak)-248(of)-248(nature,)-248(they)-248(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obliged)-273(to)-273(apply)-273(to)-274(it)-273(conceptions)-273(which)-273(are)-273(strictly)-273(true)-273(only)-273(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man.)-559(We)-353(are)-354(obliged)-353(to)-353(do)-353(precisely)-353(the)-353(same)-353(with)-353(respect)-353(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God.)-243(So)-228(far)-229(all)-228(thought,)-233(the)-229(most)-228(elevated)-229(and)-228(the)-229(most)-228(ordinary,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-327(anthropomorphic.)-482(The)-327(term)-327(can)-327(be)-327(fairly)-327(used)-327(as)-327(a)-327(reproach)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(only)-237(when)-237(certain)-238(material)-237(conceptions)-237(or)-237(degraded)-237(passions)-237(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(directly)-250(affirmed)-250(to)-250(exist)-250(in)-250(the)-250(divine)-250(mind.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(The)-435(author,)-482(in)-436(the)-435(following)-436(passage,)-482(places)-435(the)-435(objection)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(before)-301(us)-301(in)-301(a)-300(still)-301(more)-301(striking)-301(light:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 172.873 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Being)-301(therefore)-301(limited)]TJ -177.717 -13.549 Td [(to)-218(reason)-218(for)-218(our)-217(feeble)-218(conceptions)-218(of)-218(the)-218(divine)-218(Being)-218(of)-217(which)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +633 0 obj << +/Length 4832 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(134)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(we)-290(are)-291(capable,)-300(and)-290(reason)-291(being)-290(totally)-290(opposed)-291(to)-290(an)-290(order)-290(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-245(so)-245(imperfect)-245(as)-245(to)-245(require)-245(or)-245(permit)-245(repeated)-245(interference,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-213(rejecting)-213(the)-212(supposition)-213(of)-213(arbitrary)-213(suspension)-212(of)-213(law,)-220(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-389(conception)-390(of)-389(the)-389(Deity)-390(as)-389(is)-389(proposed)-390(by)-389(theologians)-389(must)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-463(pronounced)-463(irrational,)-516(and)-463(derogatory)-463(to)-463(the)-463(wisdom)-462(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perfection)-276(which)-276(we)-276(recognize)-275(in)-276(the)-276(invariable)-276(order)-276(of)-275(nature.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-428(is)-429(impossible)-428(for)-428(us)-428(to)-428(conceive)-429(the)-428(supreme)-428(Being)-428(acting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(otherwise)-277(than)-278(we)-277(actually)-277(see)-278(in)-277(nature;)-291(and)-277(if)-278(we)-277(recognize)-277(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-240(universe)-240(the)-240(operation)-241(of)-240(his)-240(infinite)-240(wisdom)-240(and)-240(power,)-242(it)-240(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-240(the)-240(immutable)-240(order)-241(and)-240(regularity)-240(of)-240(all)-240(phenomena,)-484(and)-240(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([150])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(eternal)-177(prevalence)-177(of)-177(law)-177(that)-177(we)-177(see)-177(their)-177(highest)-176(manifestation.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 275.786 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -263.83 -16.004 Td [(It)-277(is)-276(asserted)-277(by)-277(this)-277(writer)-276(and)-277(a)-277(great)-277(number)-276(of)-277(others,)-283(that)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-261(most)-261(perfect)-260(conception)-261(of)-261(the)-261(universe)-260(is)-261(that)-261(of)-261(a)-260(machine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-187(when)-188(once)-187(set)-187(into)-188(action)-187(shall)-187(go)-188(on)-187(eternally)-187(grinding)-187(out)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-211(results)-212(without)-211(the)-212(smallest)-211(occasion)-212(for)-211(the)-212(intervention)-211(of)-211(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Maker.)-242(According)-225(to)-226(this)-225(view,)-230(all)-226(the)-225(He)-225(has)-226(to)-225(do)-226(for)-225(the)-225(future)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-276(the)-275(machine)-276(is)-275(once)-276(set)-275(into)-276(operation,)-281(is)-276(to)-275(retire)-276(from)-275(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scene)-280(of)-281(His)-280(creative)-280(work,)-288(and)-280(to)-280(contemplate)-281(the)-280(results)-280(of)-280(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wonderful)-232(operations.)-244(Any)-231(intervention)-232(on)-232(His)-231(part)-232(would)-231(imply)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-290(defect)-290(in)-290(the)-290(construction)-290(of)-290(the)-290(machine.)-370(It)-290(follows)-290(therefore)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-292(the)-293(most)-292(perfect)-292(conception)-292(of)-293(God)-292(\050if)-292(there)-293(be)-292(one\051)-292(is)-292(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-329(a)-329(perfect)-329(mechanist)-328(and)-329(chemist,)-349(who)-329(has)-329(originally)-328(formed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(matter)-346(with)-347(its)-346(properties)-346(and)-346(forces)-347(acting)-346(in)-346(conformity)-346(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(invariable)-369(law,)-399(and)-369(that)-369(this)-369(has)-369(been)-369(done)-369(by)-369(Him)-368(with)-369(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perfection,)-274(that)-269(they)-269(have)-269(gone)-269(on)-269(ever)-269(since)-268(evolving)-269(whatever)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(has)-263(existed,)-265(without)-263(the)-262(need)-263(of)-262(His)-263(interventi)1(on)-263(or)-262(supervision;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-285(to)-286(put)-285(it)-286(in)-285(other)-286(words,)-294(after)-285(the)-286(original)-285(act)-286(of)-285(creation,)-294(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presence)-276(in)-275(the)-276(universe)-275(may)-276(be)-276(dispensed)-275(with)-276(as)-275(unnecessary.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-240(universe)-240(is)-239(therefore)-240(a)-240(self-acting)-239(machine)-240(which)-240(goes)-240(on)-239(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-250(eternal)-250(series)-250(of)-250(self-evolutions.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Such)-330(a)-330(conception)-331(may)-330(be)-330(the)-330(most)-331(worthy)-330(one)-330(that)-330(we)-330(can)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(form)-189(of)-189(a)-189(perfect)-188(mechanist)-189(or)-189(chemist,)-201(though)-189(it)-189(may)-189(be)-188(doubtful)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(how)-359(far)-359(the)-360(idea)-359(of)-359(having)-359(his)-360(services)-359(dispensed)-359(with)-359(for)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(future)-300(would)-299(be)-300(wholly)-300(satisfactory)-299(to)-300(him.)-399(It)-300(is)-299(far)-300(from)-299(clear,)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +637 0 obj << +/Length 4478 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(135)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(however,)-350(that)-329(it)-330(is)-330(the)-329(most)-330(perfect)-330(conception)-329(we)-330(can)-330(form)-329(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God.)-787(The)-429(creations)-428(of)-429(the)-429(mechanist)-429(and)-429(of)-429(the)-429(chemist)-428(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(destitute)-391(alike)-391(of)-391(feeling,)-426(reason)-391(and)-391(volition,)-426(a)-391(moral)-391(nature,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conscience,)-368(and)-344(spiritual)-344(affections.)-532(They)-344(may)-344(therefore)-344(when)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(completed)-301(be)-302(left)-301(to)-302(themselves;)-327(and)-603(the)-301(more)-302(perfect)-301(the)-301(irra-)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([151])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(tional)-349(machine)-349(may)-349(be,)-374(the)-350(more)-349(perfectly)-349(it)-349(will)-349(grind)-349(out)-349(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(results.)-259(But)-252(many)-253(of)-253(the)-253(constructions)-253(of)-253(God)-253(possess)-252(attributes,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-188(exhibit)-187(other)-188(qualities)-187(in)-188(t)1(heir)-188(maker)-187(than)-188(those)-187(of)-188(a)-187(perfect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mechanist)-342(or)-341(chemist.)-524(It)-342(follows,)-364(therefore,)-365(that)-341(this)-342(is)-341(not)-341(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(most)-234(perfect)-234(nor)-234(the)-234(most)-234(worthy)-234(conception)-234(which)-234(we)-234(can)-234(form)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(God.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But)-215(it)-215(will)-214(be)-215(objected)-215(that)-215(even)-215(if)-214(we)-215(concede)-215(that)-215(the)-214(Creator)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-384(ever)-384(present)-384(energizing)-384(in)-384(the)-385(works)-384(of)-384(nature,)-417(and)-384(even)-384(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-246(forces)-246(of)-246(nature)-245(are)-246(viewed)-246(as)-246(the)-246(expressions)-246(of)-246(His)-245(energy,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-278(action)-279(in)-278(conformity)-278(with)-278(unchanging)-279(order)-278(is)-278(the)-278(worthiest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-345(of)-344(Him,)-368(and)-345(to)-344(assert)-345(that)-344(He)-345(ever)-344(has)-345(varied)-344(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(this)-317(mode)-316(of)-317(action)-317(is)-316(to)-317(degrade)-316(Him.)-450(Such)-317(being)-317(the)-316(case,)-333(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirm)-297(that)-296(miracles)-297(have)-297(been)-296(wrought)-297(by)-297(Him,)-308(is)-297(to)-296(introduce)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-297(degraded)-297(view)-297(of)-297(the)-297(character)-297(of)-297(God,)-309(one)-297(alike)-296(inconsistent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(His)-250(wisdom,)-250(immutability)-250(and)-250(power.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-288(reply:)-327(that)-288(the)-288(objection)-288(overlooks)-289(the)-288(existence)-288(of)-288(purpose)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(in)-317(the)-318(divine)-317(mind,)-335(and)-317(that)-317(it)-318(may)-317(not)-318(be)-317(confined)-318(to)-317(the)-317(real-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ization)-240(of)-240(a)-240(mechanical)-240(result.)-247(The)-240(purpose)-240(or)-240(idea)-240(of)-240(creation)-240(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-301(includes)-300(the)-301(production)-300(of)-301(both)-300(the)-301(material)-300(and)-301(the)-300(moral)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(worlds.)-700(If)-401(this)-400(be)-400(so,)-437(one)-401(harmonious)-400(purpose,)-437(including)-400(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divine)-331(manifestations,)-352(both)-332(in)-331(the)-331(material)-332(and)-331(moral)-331(universe,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-402(be)-402(carried)-403(out)-402(by)-402(a)-402(succession)-402(of)-402(progressive)-402(manifesta-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tions,)-224(each)-218(forming)-218(a)-218(portion)-217(of)-218(one)-218(great)-218(divine)-217(plan.)-240(A)-217(miracle,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(therefore,)-393(as)-364(a)-364(part)-364(of)-365(such)-364(a)-364(moral)-364(intervention,)-393(would)-364(be)-364(no)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(interruption)-194(of)-194(the)-194(orderly)-193(action)-194(of)-194(the)-194(divine)-194(mind,)-205(but)-194(a)-193(portion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(it.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(But)-474(further:)-698(if)-475(God)-474(exists,)-530(He)-474(must)-474(have)-474(other)-474(attributes)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(besides)-349(those)-349(of)-349(a)-349(mechanist)-348(or)-349(a)-349(chemist.)-547(He)-349(has)-349(created)-348(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-225(the)-226(material)-225(universe,)-230(but)-226(a)-225(moral)-225(one.)-242(God,)-230(therefore,)-230(must)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +642 0 obj << +/Length 4734 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(136)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(be)-357(a)-358(moral)-357(being,)-384(and)-357(a)-714(person,)-385(for)-357(moral)-357(attributes)-357(can)-357(only)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([152])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(be)-405(conceived)-404(of)-405(as)-404(belonging)-405(to)-405(a)-404(being)-405(who)-404(is)-405(possessed)-404(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(personality.)-246(It)-237(follows,)-239(therefore,)-240(that)-237(manifestations)-237(of)-236(Himself,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-230(aspects)-230(suitable)-230(to)-231(moral)-230(beings,)-234(are)-230(as)-230(much)-230(to)-230(be)-230(expect-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ed)-323(as)-323(manifestations)-323(of)-322(His)-323(power)-323(or)-323(of)-323(His)-323(wisdom)-322(addressed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-284(an)-285(intellectual)-284(nature.)-353(The)-284(supposition,)-293(therefore,)-293(that)-284(all)-284(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(manifestations)-371(can)-371(only)-371(be)-371(made)-371(through)-371(the)-371(laws)-371(of)-371(material)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature,)-235(and)-230(in)-231(an)-230(unchanging)-231(series,)-234(and)-231(that)-231(it)-230(is)-231(not)-230(a)-231(portion)-230(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-290(purpose)-290(to)-290(manifest)-289(Himself)-290(as)-290(a)-290(moral)-290(being,)-300(is)-290(only)-289(valid)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-252(the)-253(denial)-252(that)-252(He)-253(is)-252(one.)-257(It)-252(involves)-253(the)-252(absurdity)-252(of)-252(denying)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-290(God)-289(that)-290(freedom)-290(from)-289(the)-290(trammels)-290(of)-289(necessary)-290(law)-289(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-250(matter)-250(of)-250(fact)-250(He)-250(has)-250(bestowed)-250(on)-250(man.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(If)-458(therefore)-458(God)-458(be)-457(a)-458(moral)-458(being)-458(and)-458(not)-458(an)-457(impersonal)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(force,)-371(it)-347(is)-346(perfectly)-347(consistent)-347(with)-346(the)-347(highest)-347(conceptions)-346(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Him,)-386(that)-359(He)-359(should)-359(manifest)-359(Himself)-359(in)-359(the)-359(moral)-359(as)-359(well)-359(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-387(the)-386(material)-386(universe.)-660(This)-386(is)-387(the)-386(more)-387(necessary,)-420(because)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(philosophy)-345(is)-346(never)-345(wearied)-345(with)-346(telling)-345(us,)-369(that)-346(we)-345(can)-345(know)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-262(or)-262(nothing)-262(of)-262(His)-262(moral)-262(attributes)-262(from)-262(material)-262(nature.)-285(As)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-233(part)-233(of)-233(such)-233(manifestation)-233(a)-233(miracle)-233(is)-233(addressed)-233(to)-233(our)-232(highest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(It)-221(is)-221(absurd)-222(to)-221(argue)-221(on)-221(the)-221(assumption)-222(that)-221(there)-221(is)-221(a)-222(God,)-226(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(then)-211(to)-210(found)-211(our)-210(reasonings)-210(on)-211(principles)-210(which)-211(are)-210(inconsistent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-259(it.)-277(If)-259(there)-259(is)-259(a)-259(God,)-261(He)-259(must)-259(be)-259(the)-259(creator)-259(of)-259(the)-259(universe.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-289(must,)-298(therefore,)-299(have)-289(been)-288(consistent)-289(with)-289(His)-289(perfection)-288(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(immutability)-216(to)-216(create.)-238(It)-216(follows,)-223(therefore,)-222(even)-216(on)-216(the)-215(assump-)]TJ 0 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[(repeated)-349(it.)-548(A)-349(miracle)-350(would)-349(be)-349(such)-350(a)-349(repetition,)-374(or,)-374(in)-349(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(words,)-250(the)-250(introduction)-250(of)-250(a)-250(new)-250(series)-250(of)-250(events.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-249(fully)-249(admit)-249(that)-250(reason)-249(is)-249(opposed)-249(to)-249(the)-249(supposition)-249(of)-249(such)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +647 0 obj << +/Length 4797 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(137)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(an)-376(order)-376(of)-376(nature)-376(as)-376(to)-376(require)-376(repeated)-376(interferences)-376(with)-376(it,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assuming)-278(that)-278(what)-278(is)-278(intended)-278(is)-278(a)-278(frequent)-278(meddling)-278(with)-278(it)-278(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(set)-206(it)-207(right,)-215(not)-206(constant)-206(presence)-206(and)-207(superintendence.)-235(Still)-206(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-260(it)-261(opposed)-260(to)-261(the)-260(idea)-260(of)-261(arbitrary)-260(interruption)-261(of)-260(law.)-281(The)-260(en-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tire)-235(validity)-236(of)-235(these)-236(reasonings)-235(which)-235(we)-236(have)-235(been)-235(considering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(proceeds)-194(on)-195(the)-194(assumption)-194(that)-194(the)-194(argument)-195(requires)-194(this.)-231(I)-194(care)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-192(what)-192(some)-192(Christian)-192(apologists)-192(may)-192(have)-192(said)-192(on)-192(this)-191(subject.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-348(New)-348(Testament)-348(affirms)-348(in)-348(the)-348(most)-348(unequivocal)-348(language)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-421(revelation)-420(is)-421(the)-420(steady)-421(carrying)-421(out)-420(of)-421(a)-420(pre-determined)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(purpose)-303(in)-304(God)-303(to)-304(make)-303(a)-303(manifestation)-304(of)-303(Himself)-304(not)-303(only)-303(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man,)-420(but)-387(to)-386(other)-386(rational)-386(beings)-386(besides)-387(man.)-658(The)-386(objection)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(therefore)-250(falls)-250(to)-250(the)-250(ground.)]TJ 11.956 -13.815 Td [(The)-269(assertion)-268(that)-269(it)-269(is)-268(impossible)-269(to)-269(conceive)-268(of)-269(the)-268(supreme)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(Being)-201(acting)-201(otherwise)-201(than)-202(we)-201(see)-201(him)-201(act)-201(in)-201(nature,)-211(may)-201(be)-201(met)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-201(a)-201(direct)-201(denial.)-233(On)-201(the)-201(contrary)-201(the)-201(presence)-201(of)-201(evil,)-211(moral)-200(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physical,)-314(forms)-302(the)-301(greatest)-301(difficulty)-301(connected)-302(with)-301(the)-301(belief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-340(theism.)-521(The)-340(elder)-340(Mill)-340(was)-341(so)-340(capable)-340(of)-340(conceiving)-340(that)-340(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-324(supreme)-324(Being)-324(existed,)-342(the)-324(order)-324(of)-324(the)-324(universe)-324(would)-323(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-248(so)-248(wholly)-248(different)-248(from)-248(its)-249(present)-248(order,)-248(that)-248(it)-248(led)-248(him)-248(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirm)-329(that)-328(the)-329(proof)-328(of)-329(His)-329(existence)-328(was)-329(altogether)-329(want)1(ing.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 276.147 3.959 Td [(3)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -276.147 -17.508 Td [(But)-250(intelligent)-251(Christians)-250(fully)-251(recognize)-250(in)-251(the)-250(immutable)-250(order)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-270(regularity)-271(of)-270(the)-271(universe)-270(and)-271(the)-270(eternal)-271(prevalence)-270(of)-270(law,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-324(operation)-324(of)-323(His)-324(infinite)-324(wisdom)-324(and)-324(power.)-943(Unless)-323(there)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([154])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(was)-460(such)-459(a)-460(general)-459(regularity)-460(and)-459(order)-460(in)-459(the)-460(universe,)-511(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evidential)-250(force)-250(of)-250(miracles)-250(would)-250(be)-250(deprived)-250(of)-250(all)-250(value.)]TJ 11.956 -13.815 Td [(It)-445(follows)-444(therefore,)-494(whichever)-445(views)-444(we)-445(may)-445(take)-445(of)-444(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(mode)-230(in)-230(which)-230(a)-230(miracle)-230(may)-230(be)-230(performed,)-234(that)-230(there)-230(is)-230(nothing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-364(the)-363(idea)-364(of)-363(it)-364(which)-364(is)-363(contrary)-364(to)-363(our)-364(reason.)-591(Whenever)-363(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-315(affirmed)-314(to)-315(be)-314(so,)-331(the)-315(assertion)-314(originates)-315(in)-314(an)-315(ambiguity)-314(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-355(use)-356(of)-355(terms,)-382(or)-356(in)-355(partial)-355(views)-356(of)-355(nature,)-382(or)-356(of)-355(the)-355(mode)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-389(the)-389(divine)-388(working,)-424(or)-388(from)-389(confounding)-389(under)-389(a)-388(common)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(name)-290(phenomena)-290(so)-289(different)-290(in)-290(character)-289(as)-290(those)-290(of)-290(mind)-289(and)]TJ +0 g 0 G +ET +q +1 0 0 1 46.771 87.722 cm +[]0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S +Q +BT +/F16 5.9776 Tf 52.998 80.91 Td [(3)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.729 -3.809 Td [(J.)-156(S.)-156(Mill,)-175(in)-156(his)-156(recently)-156(published)-156(essays,)-175(considers)-156(this)-156(the)-156(most)-156(formidable)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(objection)-250(against)-250(theism.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +651 0 obj << +/Length 2742 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(138)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(matter,)-432(or)-395(by)-396(making)-395(assumptions)-395(respecting)-396(the)-395(divine)-395(oper-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ations)-353(which)-353(contradict)-353(the)-352(laws)-353(of)-353(the)-353(universe,)-379(or)-352(respecting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-318(divine)-317(character,)-335(which)-317(reason)-318(refuses)-317(to)-318(endorse.)-453(How)-317(far)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-258(known)-258(or)-259(unknown)-258(forces)-258(of)-258(nature)-259(may)-258(be)-258(employed)-258(in)-258(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(performance)-373(of)-373(a)-373(miracle)-374(is)-373(an)-373(abstract)-373(question)-373(that)-373(we)-373(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-387(means)-387(of)-387(determining.)-662(The)-387(agency)-387(of)-387(some)-387(of)-387(the)-387(known)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forces)-303(of)-304(nature)-303(is)-303(unequivocally)-303(asserted)-304(in)-303(the)-303(Old)-303(Testament)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-248(have)-248(been)-249(the)-248(media)-248(employed)-248(in)-249(the)-248(performance)-248(of)-248(some)-248(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-245(miracles.)-248(No)-245(such)-244(affirmation)-245(is)-245(made)-244(in)-245(the)-245(New)-244(Testament.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Still)-262(there)-263(is)-262(not)-262(one)-262(word)-262(to)-263(imply)-262(that)-262(any)-262(of)-263(the)-262(forces)-262(of)-262(ma-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(terial)-248(nature)-248(were)-248(for)-248(a)-248(single)-248(moment)-248(suspended)-248(in)-248(their)-247(action.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-314(only)-314(assertion)-314(made)-314(is)-314(the)-314(presence)-314(and)-314(active)-314(energy)-314(of)-313(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-240(capable)-240(of)-241(producing)-240(them.)-246(That)-241(force)-240(is)-240(the)-240(Creator)-240(of)-240(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universe)-343(bearing)-343(witness)-343(to)-343(the)-343(divine)-343(mission)-343(of)-343(Jesus)-342(Christ.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(The)-282(Father)-283(himself,)-290(which)-282(hath)-283(sent)-282(me,)-290(hath)-283(borne)-282(witness)-282(of)]TJ 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[(Hume's)-357(position,)-384(which)-357(affirmed)-357(that)-357(it)-357(is)-357(impossible)-357(to)-356(prove)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-401(truth)-400(of)-401(a)-400(supernatural)-401(event)-400(by)-401(any)-400(amount)-401(of)-400(testimony)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(however)-291(strong,)-302(is)-291(certainly)-291(one)-291(of)-292(the)-291(most)-291(plausible)-291(that)-291(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ever)-364(been)-364(assumed)-364(by)-364(unbelief.)-592(Stated)-364(briefly)-364(and)-364(in)-364(his)-363(own)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(words,)-328(it)-313(is)-313(as)-313(follows:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 105.49 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(A)-313(miracle)-312(is)-313(a)-313(violation)-312(of)-313(the)-313(laws)-313(of)]TJ -110.334 -13.549 Td [(nature;)-291(and)-277(as)-278(a)-277(firm)-277(and)-278(unalterable)-277(experience)-277(has)-277(established)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-379(laws,)-412(the)-379(proof)-379(against)-379(a)-379(miracle)-379(from)-379(the)-379(nature)-379(of)-379(the)]TJ 0 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[(been)-373(pointed)-374(out)-373(by)-373(a)-373(multitude)-374(of)-373(writers.)-619(Mr.)-620(Mill)-373(himself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-242(practically)-243(abandoned)-242(Hume's)-243(argument)-242(as)-243(either)-242(a)-242(harmless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truism,)-499(or,)-499(in)-449(another)-449(point)-449(of)-449(view,)-498(one)-449(that)-449(requires)-449(to)-449(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modified)-299(to)-299(such)-300(an)-299(extent)-299(as)-299(to)-299(deprive)-300(it)-299(of)-299(any)-299(real)-299(cogency.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Under)-222(ordinary)-222(circumstances,)-227(therefore,)-228(it)-222(might)-222(be)-222(passed)-221(over)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-250(silence.)]TJ 11.956 -14.596 Td [(But)-239(the)-239(author)-238(of)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 76.475 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Supernatural)-239(Religion)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 95.932 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.449 0 Td [(has)-239(endeavoured)-239(to)]TJ -196.656 -13.549 Td [(rehabilitate)-329(it)-330(even)-329(against)-330(Mr.)-488(Mill.)-488(He)-330(affirms)-329(that)-329(Christian)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Apologists)-184(find)-183(it)-184(much)-184(more)-184(convenient)-183(to)-184(evade)-184(the)-184(simple)-183(but)]TJ -4.844 -13.549 Td [(effective)-300(arguments)-600(of)-300(Hume,)-312(than)-300(to)-300(answer)-300(them;)-325(and)-299(where)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([156])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(it)-321(is)-322(possible,)-339(they)-321(dismiss)-321(them)-322(with)-321(a)-321(sneer,)-340(and)-321(hasten)-321(on)-321(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(less)-365(dangerous)-365(ground.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 102.795 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.825 0 Td [(He)-365(then)-365(endeavours)-365(to)-365(show)-365(that)-365(Mr.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +663 0 obj << +/Length 4725 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(140)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(Mill)-349(has)-348(been)-348(partly)-349(misapprehended,)-373(and)-349(is)-348(partly)-348(inaccurate;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-314(he)-314(proceeds)-314(to)-314(address)-314(himself)-314(to)-314(Paley's)-314(argument)-314(against)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hume,)-197(as)-183(though)-184(it)-184(was)-183(relied)-184(on)-183(by)-184(modern)-183(apologists)-184(as)-183(entirely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conclusive.)-249(No)-248(other)-248(writer)-248(is)-248(even)-248(noticed)-248(by)-247(him.)-250(In)-248(the)-247(recent)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(work)-360(of)-359(the)-360(late)-359(Mr.)-579(Warington,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 152.253 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Can)-360(I)-359(believe)-359(in)-360(miracles?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 118.69 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(one)-204(chapter)-205(is)-204(devoted)-205(to)-204(the)-204(calm)-205(and)-204(dispassionate)-204(examination)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-326(Hume's)-327(argument.)-478(It)-327(is)-326(perhaps)-326(the)-326(ablest)-327(dissection)-326(of)-326(it)-326(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence.)-248(Yet)-243(this)-242(writer,)-245(who)-243(charges)-243(Christian)-243(apologists)-242(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evasion,)-242(and)-239(even)-240(with)-239(getting)-240(rid)-239(of)-240(its)-240(force)-239(by)-240(a)-239(sneer,)-242(has)-239(left)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Mr.)-349(Warington's)-283(crushing)-283(reply)-283(to)-283(Hume)-283(completely)-283(unnoticed.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-371(position)-371(taken)-372(by)-371(him)-371(renders)-371(a)-371(few)-371(general)-371(observations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessary.)-578(As)-360(it)-359(will)-359(be)-360(useless)-359(to)-359(repeat)-360(arguments)-359(that)-359(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-477(fully)-476(elaborated)-477(elsewhere,)-533(I)-476(shall)-476(content)-477(myself)-476(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(briefly)-299(stating)-299(the)-300(positions)-299(which)-299(have)-299(been)-299(firmly)-299(established)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-250(this)-250(subject.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(First:)-398(Experience)-324(consists)-324(of)-324(two)-325(kinds;)-361(1st,)-342(That)-324(which)-324(has)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(fallen)-329(under)-329(our)-329(own)-329(direct)-329(cognizance,)-349(which)-329(from)-329(the)-329(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-441(the)-441(case)-441(must)-441(have)-441(been)-441(very)-441(limited.)-824(2dly,)-488(The)-441(general)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(experience)-421(of)-421(all)-421(other)-421(men,)-463(as)-421(far)-421(as)-421(we)-421(have)-421(the)-421(means)-420(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(knowing)-337(it.)-510(This)-337(latter)-337(experience)-337(we)-337(become)-337(acquainted)-336(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(exclusively)-226(by)-226(testimony,)-231(and)-226(it)-226(rests)-226(entirely)-226(on)-226(its)-225(validity.)-242(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(two)-283(together)-284(constitute)-283(what)-284(we)-283(mean)-283(when)-284(we)-283(say)-284(that)-283(a)-283(thing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is,)-250(or)-250(is)-250(not,)-250(contrary)-250(to)-250(experience.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Secondly:)-355(There)-303(is)-302(a)-303(sense)-303(in)-302(which)-303(miracles)-302(are)-303(contrary)-302(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(our)-294(experience.)-380(They)-294(would)-294(be)-293(destitute)-294(of)-293(all)-294(evidential)-293(value,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-324(they)-325(were)-324(not)-324(so.)-473(But)-325(while)-324(this)-324(is)-325(freely)-324(admitted,)-343(we)-324(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lay)-422(down)-421(clearly)-422(in)-421(what)-422(sense)-421(we)-422(use)-422(the)-421(words.)-765(They)-421(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-355(so,)-382(in)-356(the)-710(sense)-356(that)-355(we)-355(have)-356(had)-355(direct)-356(evidence)-355(of)-355(their)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([157])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(non-occurrence.)-298(They)-267(are)-266(contrary)-266(to)-266(our)-266(experience)-266(only)-266(in)-266(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense)-315(that)-315(we)-315(have)-315(never)-315(witnessed)-315(them,)-331(and)-315(that)-315(the)-315(order)-314(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(events)-206(which)-206(we)-206(have)-206(witnessed)-206(is)-207(always)-206(different;)-220(for)-206(instance,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-325(have)-325(witnessed)-325(as)-325(a)-324(matter)-325(of)-325(experience)-325(that)-325(men)-325(die,)-343(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-259(none)-259(return)-259(again)-259(to)-260(life;)-263(or)-259(that)-259(blind)-260(men,)-261(when)-259(cured,)-261(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(never)-325(cured)-325(by)-325(a)-325(word)-325(or)-326(a)-325(touch.)-475(In)-325(this)-325(sense)-325(alone)-325(it)-325(is)-325(that)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +667 0 obj << +/Length 4382 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(141)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(the)-264(resurrection)-265(of)-264(a)-264(dead)-264(man,)-268(and)-265(the)-264(cure)-264(of)-264(a)-265(blind)-264(man)-264(by)-264(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(touch,)-250(is)-250(contrary)-250(to)-250(our)-250(experience.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Thirdly:)-388(It)-319(is)-318(not)-319(true)-319(that)-319(an)-319(occurrence)-319(which)-319(in)-319(this)-318(sense)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-415(contrary)-414(to)-415(our)-414(experience)-415(cannot)-415(be)-414(believed)-415(on)-414(adequate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(testimony.)-433(If)-311(it)-311(were)-312(so,)-326(all)-311(additions)-311(to)-311(our)-311(knowledge)-311(that)-311(lie)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beyond)-348(the)-348(limits)-349(of)-348(our)-348(past)-348(experience,)-373(ought)-348(to)-348(be)-348(rejected.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Every)-478(extraordinary)-477(occurrence)-478(must)-478(be)-477(at)-478(once)-477(pronounced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incredible.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(Fourthly:)-693(The)-472(experience)-472(of)-472(one)-471(age)-472(differs)-472(from)-472(that)-471(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(another.)-480(That)-326(which)-327(lies)-326(outside)-326(the)-327(experience)-326(of)-327(one)-326(century)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(becomes)-415(within)-415(the)-415(experience)-415(of)-414(the)-415(next.)-745(The)-415(truth)-415(is)-414(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-238(sum)-238(of)-238(human)-238(experience)-238(is)-238(receiving)-238(continual)-238(additions,)-240(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(proportion)-255(as)-255(the)-254(sphere)-255(of)-255(observation)-255(enlarges.)-264(If)-255(it)-255(is)-255(true)-254(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-305(ought)-305(to)-305(reject)-304(everything)-305(contrary)-305(to)-305(experience,)-319(it)-304(follows)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-181(if)-181(many)-182(of)-181(the)-181(inventions)-181(of)-181(the)-182(present)-181(age)-181(had)-181(been)-181(reported)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-233(a)-232(previous)-233(one,)-236(they)-233(ought)-233(to)-233(have)-232(been)-233(rejected)-233(as)-232(incredible.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(For)-207(example:)-229(if)-207(a)-207(century)-208(ago)-207(it)-207(had)-207(been)-208(affirmed)-207(that)-207(a)-207(message)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-269(actually)-269(been)-270(conveyed)-269(one)-269(thousand)-269(miles)-269(in)-269(five)-269(minutes,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-412(assertion)-412(ought)-411(on)-412(this)-412(principle)-411(to)-412(have)-412(been)-412(rejected)-411(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(contrary)-362(to)-362(the)-362(universal)-362(experience)-362(of)-362(mankind.)-586(In)-362(an)-361(earlier)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age,)-347(no)-328(miracle)-328(could)-327(have)-328(been)-328(more)-328(difficult)-327(to)-328(believe.)-483(Yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(although)-281(contrary)-281(to)-281(prior)-280(experience,)-289(it)-281(has)-281(been)-281(established)-280(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-264(fact.)-582(The)-264(principle,)-267(therefore,)-267(as)-264(laid)-264(down)-264(by)-264(Hume,)-267(leads)-263(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([158])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(an)-250(absurd)-250(conclusion.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Fifthly:)-470(The)-361(experience)-360(of)-360(each)-360(individual)-361(is)-360(limited)-360(by)-360(his)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(own)-476(observation)-476(and)-477(what)-476(he)-476(has)-476(learned)-476(respecting)-476(that)-476(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(others.)-356(This)-286(constitutes)-285(as)-286(far)-285(as)-286(he)-285(is)-286(concerned)-285(the)-285(experience)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-332(mankind.)-497(Now,)-353(under)-332(the)-332(Equator)-333(the)-332(experience)-332(of)-332(man)-332(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-370(each)-370(day)-370(and)-370(night)-370(is)-370(twelve)-370(hours)-370(long.)-610(Neither)-370(he,)-399(nor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-253(ancestors,)-254(nor)-253(any)-253(person)-253(whom)-253(he)-253(trusts,)-254(have)-253(ever)-253(had)-253(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-386(experience)-385(than)-386(this.)-657(To)-386(him,)-419(therefore,)-420(the)-385(affirmation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-266(there)-267(is)-266(a)-267(place)-266(on)-267(the)-266(earth)-267(where)-266(each)-267(day)-266(and)-267(night)-266(is)-266(six)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(months)-277(long,)-284(is)-277(contrary)-277(to)-277(experience,)-284(and)-277(ought)-277(to)-277(be)-277(rejected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-250(a)-250(fable.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +672 0 obj << +/Length 4622 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(142)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 11.956 -30.759 Td [(Sixthly:)-250(If)-249(we)-250(confine)-249(experience)-250(to)-249(scientific)-250(experience,)-249(ex-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(traordinary)-223(discoveries)-224(are)-223(made)-223(and)-223(facts)-224(established)-223(in)-223(one)-223(age)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-254(are)-255(contrary)-254(to)-255(that)-254(of)-255(a)-254(former)-255(one.)-263(On)-254(this)-255(principle,)-255(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ground)-291(on)-291(which)-291(Herodotus)-290(rejected)-291(the)-291(story)-291(of)-291(the)-290(Ph)]TJ/F43 10.9091 Tf 246.092 0 Td [(S)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.876 0 Td [(nician)]TJ -253.968 -13.55 Td [(navigators)-286(that)-286(they)-286(had)-286(sailed)-286(round)-286(Africa)-286(was)-286(satisfactory.)-358(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-379(contrary)-378(to)-379(his)-378(experience)-379(that)-378(they)-379(should)-378(have)-379(seen)-378(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sun)-290(in)-289(the)-290(position)-290(in)-290(which)-289(they)-290(affirmed)-290(that)-289(they)-290(had)-290(seen)-289(it,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(though)-250(it)-250(is)-250(not)-250(contrary)-250(to)-250(ours.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Seventhly:)-665(Miracles)-458(viewed)-457(as)-458(mere)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 174.462 0 Td [(phenomena)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 55.282 0 Td [(stand)-458(on)]TJ -241.7 -13.549 Td [(exactly)-371(the)-371(same)-371(ground)-372(as)-371(very)-371(unusual)-371(occurrences,)-401(or)-371(very)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wonderful)-286(discoveries.)-356(As)-286(far)-285(as)-286(they)-285(are)-286(contrary)-285(to)-286(past)-285(expe-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rience,)-319(they)-305(are)-306(alike)-305(credible)-305(or)-306(incredible.)-416(They)-305(are)-305(events)-305(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-349(the)-350(cause)-349(is)-350(unknown,)-374(but)-349(may)-350(or)-349(may)-350(not)-349(hereafter)-349(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discovered.)-494(It)-331(is)-331(quite)-331(true)-332(that)-331(any)-331(extraordinary)-331(phenomenon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(requires)-390(a)-389(stronger)-390(testimony)-390(to)-389(render)-390(it)-390(credible)-389(than)-390(an)-389(or-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dinary)-442(occurrence.)-827(But)-442(this)-442(involves)-443(no)-442(question)-442(of)-442(abstract)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possibility)-312(or)-311(impossibility,)-328(but)-311(is)-312(one)-312(purely)-312(of)-311(evidence,)-327(each)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(case)-248(having)-248(to)-248(be)-248(decided)-249(on)-248(its)-248(own)-248(merits.)-249(It)-248(must)-248(be)-248(carefully)]TJ 2.733 -13.549 Td [(observed)-250(that)-251(when)-250(we)-251(affirm)-250(that)-251(this)-250(or)-251(that)-250(matter)-250(lies)-251(within)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -75.488 0 Td [([159])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(human)-248(knowledge,)-248(or)-248(is)-248(contrary)-248(to)-248(it,)-249(experience)-248(has)-248(to)-247(do)-248(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(phenomena)-253(alone.)-260(All)-254(questions)-253(of)-253(causation)-254(lie)-253(entirely)-253(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-250(cognizance.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Eighthly:)-482(The)-366(moment)-366(we)-366(view)-366(an)-366(event)-366(otherwise)-366(than)-365(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(a)-490(mere)-490(phenomenon,)-550(and)-490(take)-490(into)-490(consideration)-490(the)-489(causes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(producing)-441(it,)-488(however)-441(unusual)-441(it)-440(may)-441(be,)-488(it)-441(is)-441(impossible)-440(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirm)-420(that)-419(it)-420(is)-420(contrary)-420(to)-419(experience.)-759(When)-420(we)-420(take)-419(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-412(consideration)-412(the)-412(entire)-412(character)-412(of)-412(the)-412(event)-412(is)-412(at)-411(once)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(changed,)-289(and)-280(the)-281(probability)-281(of)-281(the)-281(occurrence)-281(must)-281(be)-280(estimat-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ed)-337(on)-338(wholly)-337(different)-338(grounds.)-512(Under)-338(such)-337(circumstances,)-359(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extremely)-381(improbable)-381(event,)-414(which)-381(we)-381(might)-381(otherwise)-380(justly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reject)-335(as)-335(contrary)-335(to)-335(experience,)-356(becomes)-335(simply)-335(one)-335(of)-335(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-373(have)-374(had)-373(no)-374(experience.)-620(Thus)-374(it)-373(is)-374(contrary)-373(to)-373(experience)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-344(men)-343(can)-344(live)-344(for)-343(one)-344(hour)-344(under)-343(water,)-367(but)-344(when)-344(we)-343(take)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-263(consideration)-263(and)-262(thoroughly)-263(understand)-263(the)-263(contrivance)-262(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +677 0 obj << +/Length 4634 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(143)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(the)-275(diving-bell,)-282(the)-275(event)-275(becomes)-275(one)-276(of)-275(a)-275(different)-275(order)-275(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-309(of)-308(which)-309(we)-308(supposed)-309(that)-308(we)-309(had)-308(experience.)-426(Before)-308(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apparatus)-437(was)-437(invented,)-483(the)-437(assertion)-437(that)-437(men)-437(could)-437(live)-436(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hour)-397(under)-398(water)-397(would)-397(have)-398(been)-397(rejected)-397(as)-398(fabulous.)-691(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(invention)-392(has)-392(introduced)-392(a)-392(fresh)-392(condition)-392(into)-392(the)-392(case.)-675(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(event)-399(has)-399(now)-399(become)-399(a)-399(portion)-398(of)-399(our)-399(experience;)-474(but)-398(prior)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-354(the)-354(discovery)-354(of)-355(the)-354(apparatus)-354(it)-354(was)-354(merely)-354(an)-354(event)-354(lying)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(outside)-292(our)-291(experience,)-302(and)-291(not)-292(to)-291(be)-292(rejected)-291(as)-292(being)-291(contrary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-322(it.)-466(In)-322(a)-322(similar)-322(way,)-340(a)-322(miracle,)-340(as)-322(a)-322(mere)-322(phenomenon,)-340(may)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-246(said)-246(to)-246(be)-245(contrary)-246(to)-246(our)-246(experience;)-247(but)-246(the)-246(moment)-246(that)-245(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(take)-282(into)-283(account)-282(its)-282(true)-283(character,)-290(viz.)-347(that)-283(its)-282(very)-282(conception)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(implies)-223(the)-223(presence)-223(of)-223(a)-223(force)-223(of)-223(some)-223(kind)-223(with)-223(which)-223(we)-222(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(previously)-395(unacquainted,)-431(then)-395(such)-394(an)-395(event)-395(is)-395(no)-395(longer)-394(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-269(we)-269(can)-269(pronounce)-269(contrary)-269(to)-269(our)-270(experience,)-273(but)-269(merely)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(one)-374(which)-373(lies)-373(beyond)-374(or)-373(outside)-747(it.)-621(In)-373(the)-374(case)-373(of)-373(miracles,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([160])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(therefore,)-250(the)-250(position)-250(of)-250(Hume)-250(is)-250(inapplicable.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(Ninthly:)-243(It)-235(is)-236(not)-236(true)-235(that)-236(in)-236(estimating)-235(the)-236(truth)-236(of)-235(testimony,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(we)-336(simply)-335(balance)-335(probability,)-357(against)-336(probability,)-357(as)-335(stated)-335(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hume's)-373(argument.)-620(The)-373(form)-374(in)-373(which)-373(it)-373(has)-374(been)-373(put)-373(by)-373(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-372(too)-372(abstract)-372(to)-372(admit)-372(of)-372(application)-372(to)-372(individual)-372(cases;)-433(nor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(does)-302(any)-302(man,)-315(in)-302(estimating)-302(the)-302(truth)-302(of)-302(testimony)-302(for)-301(practical)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(purposes,)-225(set)-218(down)-218(and)-219(deliberately)-218(balance)-218(probabilities)-218(against)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probabilities.)-434(The)-311(whole)-311(process)-311(is)-312(of)-311(a)-311(far)-311(more)-311(instantaneous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character,)-327(and)-312(a)-311(number)-312(of)-312(minute)-311(considerations)-312(are)-311(involved,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-273(do)-273(not)-274(admit)-273(of)-273(statement)-273(in)-274(the)-273(form)-273(of)-273(general)-273(proposi-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tions.)-483(Thus,)-346(if)-328(an)-327(event)-328(lying)-327(outside)-328(my)-327(present)-328(experience)-327(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reported)-209(to)-209(me)-209(by)-209(a)-209(friend)-209(on)-209(whose)-209(veracity)-209(and)-209(powers)-209(of)-209(judg-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ment)-263(I)-263(have)-263(implicit)-263(reliance,)-266(I)-263(accept)-263(the)-263(truth)-263(of)-263(his)-262(statement,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(notwithstanding)-214(a)-215(great)-214(degree)-215(of)-214(abstract)-215(improbability;)-226(it)-214(being)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assumed)-293(that)-294(the)-293(event)-293(was)-294(one)-293(in)-293(which)-294(it)-293(was)-293(impossible)-293(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-305(should)-305(be)-305(deceived.)-414(In)-305(estimating)-305(this)-305(latter)-305(point,)-319(we)-304(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(balance)-345(the)-345(probabilities)-345(as)-345(to)-345(the)-345(truth)-345(or)-345(falsehood)-345(of)-345(human)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(testimony,)-356(but)-335(we)-335(consider)-334(the)-335(individual)-335(circumstances)-335(of)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(case,)-311(whether)-298(they)-298(are)-299(of)-298(such)-299(a)-298(nature)-299(that)-298(our)-299(friend)-298(could)-298(be)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +681 0 obj << +/Length 4645 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(144)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(deceived)-286(about)-286(them.)-359(If)-286(on)-286(consideration)-286(we)-286(are)-286(convinced)-286(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deception)-216(was)-216(impossible,)-222(we)-216(yield)-216(assent)-216(to)-216(his)-216(known)-215(veracity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(although,)-231(as)-227(far)-227(as)-227(we)-226(know,)-232(the)-227(event)-226(reported)-227(by)-227(him)-227(has)-226(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-250(come)-250(within)-250(the)-250(range)-250(of)-250(human)-250(experience.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Let)-308(me)-308(remove)-308(the)-307(question)-308(from)-308(an)-308(abstract)-308(into)-308(a)-307(concrete)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(form.)-273(There)-257(are)-258(numberless)-257(events)-258(in)-257(which)-258(it)-257(happens)-258(that)-257(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-393(unquestionable)-393(judgment)-393(and)-393(veracity)-393(are)-393(deceived.)-678(There)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-341(others)-341(in)-341(which)-341(no)-340(deception)-341(can)-341(be)-341(possible.)-523(An)-340(instance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-299(one)-298(class)-299(is)-299(the)-298(alleged)-299(case)-299(of)-298(persons)-299(living)-299(a)-298(considerable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time)-459(without)-230(food.)-243(Here)-230(astuteness)-230(may)-229(impose)-230(on)-230(the)-229(vigilance)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([161])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(of)-351(the)-351(most)-351(wary.)-552(Take,)-376(on)-351(the)-351(other)-351(hand,)-376(the)-351(case)-351(of)-351(a)-350(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(born)-214(blind.)-238(One)-215(informant,)-221(on)-214(whose)-214(veracity)-215(we)-214(have)-214(the)-214(fullest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reliance,)-278(tells)-272(us)-272(that)-272(he)-272(has)-272(known)-273(the)-272(man)-272(from)-272(his)-272(birth;)-283(that,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(up)-416(to)-416(a)-415(certain)-416(day,)-457(his)-416(blindness)-416(was)-416(established)-416(beyond)-415(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reasonable)-302(doubt)-303(to)-302(every)-303(one)-302(who)-302(knew)-303(him,)-315(that)-303(on)-302(that)-302(day,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(he)-309(saw)-309(a)-309(person)-310(touch)-309(the)-309(eyes)-309(of)-309(the)-309(blind)-309(man,)-324(who)-309(not)-309(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instantly)-335(received)-334(his)-335(sight,)-355(but)-335(could)-334(use)-335(his)-334(eyes)-335(as)-334(perfectly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-348(those)-347(who)-348(had)-347(enjoyed)-348(the)-348(use)-347(of)-348(them)-348(from)-347(birth.)-543(I)-347(admit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-310(this)-310(case)-310(is)-309(a)-310(supposed)-310(one,)-325(and)-310(does)-310(not)-310(exactly)-309(represent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-315(case)-316(recorded)-315(in)-316(the)-315(Gospels.)-446(But)-315(though)-316(an)-315(assumed)-315(one,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(it)-259(is)-259(perfectly)-259(valid)-259(for)-259(the)-259(purposes)-259(of)-259(argument.)-277(In)-259(it)-259(deception)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-224(be)-223(impossible.)-242(If)-223(all)-224(this)-224(was)-224(affirmed)-223(to)-224(have)-224(come)-223(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-231(direct)-231(knowledge)-231(of)-231(one,)-235(of)-231(whose)-231(veracity)-231(and)-231(judgment)-230(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-377(assured,)-408(we)-376(should)-377(accept)-376(his)-376(statement)-377(as)-376(true,)-408(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(balancing)-217(the)-217(abstract)-217(probability)-216(of)-217(the)-217(truth)-217(of)-217(evidence)-216(against)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(probability)-258(of)-259(its)-259(falsity,)-260(although)-259(the)-259(event)-258(narrated)-259(lay)-258(out-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(side)-212(the)-212(range)-213(of)-212(our)-212(experience.)-238(Our)-212(knowledge)-212(of)-212(the)-212(judgment)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-273(veracity)-273(of)-272(the)-273(informant)-273(is)-272(the)-273(essential)-273(element)-273(in)-272(judging)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-320(the)-320(truth)-320(of)-320(evidence.)-459(It)-320(is)-320(only)-320(when)-320(our)-320(means)-320(of)-319(forming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-353(judgment)-352(are)-353(deficient)-352(that)-353(we)-353(attempt)-352(to)-353(balance)-352(abstract)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probabilities.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Tenthly:)-581(The)-416(question)-416(of)-416(the)-415(truth)-416(of)-416(testimony)-416(as)-415(against)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(past)-202(experience)-203(and)-202(the)-202(alleged)-203(greater)-202(probability)-202(that)-202(testimony)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-326(be)-326(false,)-344(than)-326(that)-326(past)-326(experience)-326(should)-326(be)-325(unreliable,)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +685 0 obj << +/Length 4599 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(145)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(is)-355(greatly)-355(modified)-354(by)-355(the)-355(consideration)-355(that)-355(an)-354(overwhelming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amount)-354(of)-354(the)-355(sum)-354(total)-354(of)-354(past)-355(experience)-354(rests)-354(for)-354(its)-354(accep-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tance)-422(on)-422(the)-422(validity)-422(of)-422(testimony)-422(itself.)-766(That)-422(portion)-422(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-374(not)-374(the)-375(result)-374(of)-374(our)-374(own)-375(individual)-374(experience)-374(rests)-374(for)-374(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(truth)-285(exclusively)-284(on)-285(the)-284(validity)-285(of)-285(human)-284(testimony,)-587(and)-284(must)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([162])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(be)-359(unreliable)-359(in)-359(proportion)-359(as)-359(testimony)-359(is)-359(invalid.)-577(It)-359(must)-359(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(observed,)-396(however,)-396(that)-367(I)-367(by)-367(no)-367(means)-367(deny)-367(that)-367(testimony)-366(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(much)-327(more)-327(frequently)-328(invalid)-327(in)-327(its)-327(narrations)-327(of)-327(extraordinary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(events)-250(than)-250(of)-250(ordinary)-250(ones.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Eleventhly:)-438(While)-344(it)-343(is)-344(freely)-344(conceded)-344(that)-344(the)-344(evidence)-343(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(prove)-351(the)-351(truth)-351(of)-351(a)-351(very)-351(extraordinary)-351(occurrence)-351(must)-351(be)-351(far)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stronger)-285(than)-285(that)-285(which)-286(is)-285(required)-285(to)-285(prove)-285(an)-285(ordinary)-286(one,)-293(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-328(never)-328(be)-328(forgotten)-328(that)-328(the)-328(amount)-328(of)-328(evidence)-328(necessary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-390(prove)-389(any)-390(particular)-390(fact)-389(always)-390(varies)-390(with)-389(the)-390(amount)-389(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-454(antecedent)-453(probability)-454(of)-454(its)-453(occurrence.)-861(The)-454(very)-453(same)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(action)-394(may)-395(be)-394(credible)-394(or)-394(otherwise,)-431(just)-394(in)-394(proportion)-394(as)-394(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-243(discern)-242(an)-243(adequate)-242(purpose)-243(for)-243(its)-242(performance,)-244(or)-243(infer)-242(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presence)-253(of)-253(a)-253(particular)-253(motive.)-260(If,)-253(for)-253(example,)-254(it)-253(were)-253(reported)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-410(a)-410(man)-410(of)-409(the)-410(highest)-410(character)-410(had)-410(been)-410(seen)-410(during)-409(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hours)-378(of)-379(early)-378(morning)-378(issuing)-378(from)-379(one)-378(of)-378(the)-378(lowest)-378(haunts)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-320(vice)-319(in)-320(London,)-337(those)-320(who)-319(knew)-320(him)-320(well)-319(would)-320(require)-319(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(overwhelming)-346(amount)-347(of)-346(evidence)-346(to)-346(establish)-347(the)-346(truth)-346(of)-346(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assertion.)-373(They)-290(would)-291(undoubtedly)-291(fall)-291(back)-291(on)-291(the)-291(question)-290(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abstract)-251(probability,)-250(and)-251(argue)-250(that)-251(it)-250(was)-251(more)-250(likely)-250(that)-251(it)-250(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(either)-355(a)-354(case)-354(of)-355(mistaken)-354(identity)-355(\050a)-354(very)-355(common)-354(error\051,)-381(or)-354(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deliberate)-251(falsehood,)-250(than)-251(that)-250(the)-251(statement)-250(should)-251(be)-250(true.)-251(But,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(if,)-336(on)-318(the)-318(contrary,)-336(it)-318(could)-319(be)-318(shown)-318(that)-319(he)-318(had)-319(been)-318(sent)-318(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-352(visit)-351(a)-352(dying)-352(person,)-377(and)-352(had)-352(gone)-351(at)-352(his)-352(particular)-351(request,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(whole)-250(of)-251(the)-250(antecedent)-251(improbability)-251(would)-250(vanish,)-251(and)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(otherwise)-210(incredible)-209(testimony)-210(would)-209(become)-210(perfectly)-209(credible.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-247(follows,)-248(therefore,)-248(that)-248(the)-247(credibility)-247(of)-248(testimony)-247(varies)-247(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(our)-250(knowledge)-250(of)-250(the)-250(motive)-250(for)-250(the)-250(performance)-250(of)-250(the)-250(action.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(This)-187(consideration)-188(ought)-187(to)-188(have)-187(due)-187(weight)-188(in)-187(considering)-187(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(evidence)-214(of)-213(miracles.)-238(Viewed)-214(as)-214(mere)-427(phenomena,)-221(their)-213(abstract)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([163])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +690 0 obj << +/Length 4854 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(146)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(improbability)-251(is)-250(great.)-252(When)-251(they)-250(are)-251(viewed)-250(as)-251(deviations)-250(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-328(ordinary)-328(course)-328(of)-328(nature,)-348(their)-328(improbability)-328(becomes)-328(still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(greater.)-240(But)-218(those)-219(who)-218(believe)-219(i)1(n)-219(the)-218(existence)-219(of)-218(a)-219(personal)-218(God)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(energizing)-283(in)-284(the)-283(universe)-283(at)-284(every)-283(moment,)-292(and)-283(in)-283(every)-283(place,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(postulate)-215(the)-215(presence)-215(of)-214(a)-215(force)-215(fully)-215(adequate)-215(to)-215(work)-215(them,)-221(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-270(is)-269(involved)-270(in)-270(the)-269(idea)-270(of)-270(God.)-309(But)-270(the)-269(question)-270(arises,)-274(Will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He?)-461(Until)-320(a)-321(well-attested)-320(miracle)-320(has)-321(actually)-320(been)-320(performed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-397(antecedent)-397(probability)-397(derived)-397(from)-397(our)-397(experience)-397(of)-396(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-209(of)-210(nature)-209(is)-209(against)-210(the)-209(supposition)-209(that)-209(He)-210(will,)-217(and)-209(throws)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-299(the)-298(reporter)-299(the)-299(necessity)-298(of)-299(giving)-299(a)-298(stronger)-299(proof)-299(than)-298(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(require)-323(for)-324(an)-323(ordinary)-323(fact.)-470(But)-323(in)-323(proportion)-324(as)-323(we)-323(can)-323(show)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-215(it)-214(is)-215(probable)-214(that)-215(God)-214(will)-215(make)-215(a)-214(revelation,)-222(the)-214(antecedent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(improbability)-277(of)-277(a)-277(miracle)-277(is)-277(diminished;)-290(and)-277(if)-277(it)-277(can)-277(be)-276(shown)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-250(it)-250(is)-250(very)-250(probable)-250(that)-250(He)-250(will)-250(do)-250(so,)-250(it)-250(wholly)-250(disappears.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(It)-402(will)-402(be)-402(readily)-402(admitted)-402(that)-402(such)-402(an)-402(argument)-402(can)-402(only)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(have)-238(weight)-237(with)-238(a)-237(believer)-238(in)-237(the)-238(existence)-237(of)-238(a)-237(God,)-240(who)-238(is)-237(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(moral)-325(Governor)-324(of)-325(the)-324(Universe.)-474(To)-324(him,)-344(however,)-343(it)-324(is)-325(of)-324(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(utmost)-282(value,)-291(for)-282(on)-283(the)-282(supposition)-282(in)-283(question,)-290(the)-282(probability)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-371(some)-371(higher)-372(manifestation)-371(of)-371(the)-371(divine)-371(character)-371(than)-371(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(displayed)-235(in)-235(the)-235(material)-235(universe)-235(does)-235(not)-235(rest)-235(on)-235(theory,)-238(but)-235(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-238(facts)-238(of)-238(man)-239(and)-238(his)-238(condition.)-246(Looking)-238(at)-238(the)-238(past)-238(history)-238(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-194(world,)-205(it)-194(is)-195(matter)-194(of)-194(fact)-194(that)-194(God)-194(has)-194(made)-194(higher)-194(and)-194(higher)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(manifestations)-261(of)-260(himself.)-282(So)-261(far)-260(it)-261(is)-260(antecedently)-261(probable)-260(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-264(will)-264(continue)-265(to)-264(do)-264(so.)-292(His)-265(last)-264(manifestation)-264(has)-264(been)-264(in)-264(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(production)-291(of)-292(a)-291(being)-291(possessed)-292(of)-291(a)-291(moral)-292(nature,)-301(with)-291(powers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capable)-218(of)-217(immense)-218(elevation.)-239(It)-218(is)-217(also)-218(no)-217(theory,)-224(but)-218(a)-217(fact,)-224(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-290(moral)-290(being)-290(now)-290(is,)-300(and)-290(ever)-290(has)-290(been)-290(within)-290(the)-289(historical)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(periods)-383(in)-382(a)-383(state)-382(of)-383(great)-382(imperfection.)-648(It)-382(is)-383(therefore)-382(highly)]TJ 4.492 -13.549 Td [(probable)-412(that)-411(the)-412(Creator)-412(will)-412(adopt)-411(means)-412(for)-412(elevating)-412(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -77.247 0 Td [([164])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(moral)-330(being)-329(whom)-330(He)-330(has)-329(created,)-350(and)-330(that)-329(He)-330(will)-330(effect)-329(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-275(acting,)-281(not)-274(on)-275(matter,)-281(but)-274(on)-275(mind.)-324(Contemplating)-275(the)-274(actual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(state)-226(of)-226(man,)-230(the)-226(known)-226(law)-226(of)-225(the)-226(Creator's)-226(previous)-226(action,)-230(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-287(moral)-287(character)-287(of)-287(God,)-296(the)-287(antecedent)-287(probability)-287(that)-286(God)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-272(make)-272(a)-273(further)-272(manifestation)-272(of)-272(himself)-272(is)-272(established)-272(quite)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +694 0 obj << +/Length 4938 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(147)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(independently)-250(of)-250(the)-250(facts)-250(or)-250(assertions)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Bible.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Twelfthly:)-590(Whatever)-420(be)-420(the)-420(supposed)-420(antecedent)-419(improba-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(bility)-359(of)-360(an)-359(occurrence,)-387(it)-359(is)-360(capable)-359(of)-359(being)-360(overcome)-359(by)-359(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amount)-452(of)-451(evidence)-452(which)-451(can)-451(leave)-452(no)-451(reasonable)-452(doubt)-451(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-417(mind)-418(endowed)-417(with)-417(common)-417(sense.)-752(Theoretical)-417(objections)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(may)-323(be)-323(adduced)-323(against)-323(any)-323(evidence)-323(which)-323(can)-323(be)-323(brought)-323(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(proof)-388(of)-388(particular)-388(facts,)-423(but)-388(the)-388(ultimate)-389(appeal)-388(must)-388(be,)-422(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-320(a)-319(multitude)-320(of)-319(abstract)-320(theories,)-337(but)-319(to)-320(the)-319(common)-320(sense)-319(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mankind.)-394(Of)-298(this)-299(character)-298(is)-298(all)-298(historical)-298(evidence.)-394(It)-298(rests)-298(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-218(same)-218(principles)-218(as)-219(those)-218(which)-218(guide)-218(us)-218(in)-218(the)-218(affairs)-218(of)-218(daily)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(life.)-238(There)-213(is)-213(a)-213(certain)-213(amount)-214(of)-213(evidence)-213(which)-213(leaves)-213(no)-213(doubt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-344(the)-344(common)-345(sense)-344(of)-344(mankind,)-368(although)-344(it)-344(may)-344(be)-344(open)-344(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-209(theoretical)-210(objections.)-236(Such)-209(evidence)-210(is)-209(capable)-209(of)-209(proving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-387(fact)-386(against)-387(a)-387(very)-387(high)-386(degree)-387(of)-387(antecedent)-386(improbability.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mr.)-600(Mill)-367(may)-366(be)-367(considered)-367(as)-366(a)-367(witness)-367(whose)-366(predilections)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(deviate,)-259(whatever)-257(consequences)-258(man's)-257(ignorance)-257(or)-257(disregard)-257(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-282(mode)-281(of)-282(action)-282(may)-282(bring)-281(upon)-282(him.)-345(Mr.)-345(Mill)-282(observes)-281(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-275(any)-275(person)-275(holding)-275(this)-275(belief,)-281(there)-275(is)-275(a)-275(general)-274(presumption)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(against)-281(any)-281(supposition)-281(of)-280(divine)-281(agency,)-289(not)-281(operating)-280(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(general)-196(laws.)-232(That)-196(is)-196(to)-196(say,)-207(we)-196(have)-196(had)-196(a)-196(constant)-195(experience)-196(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-272(acting)-272(through)-272(general)-271(laws;)-283(and)-272(no)-272(experience)-272(of)-272(his)-271(acting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(otherwise.)-495(But)-332(the)-331(idea)-332(of)-331(a)-332(revelation)-332(introduces)-331(a)-332(factor)-331(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-281(case,)-288(entirely)-281(different)-280(from)-281(anything)-281(of)-280(which)-281(we)-281(have)-280(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(previous)-328(experience.)-968(It)-328(forms)-328(part)-328(of)-328(a)-328(great)-327(purpose)-328(existing)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([171])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(in)-407(the)-406(divine)-407(mind,)-446(and)-407(is)-406(in)-407(its)-407(nature)-406(analogous)-407(to)-407(the)-406(first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(introduction)-357(of)-357(life,)-383(or)-357(the)-357(first)-357(creation)-357(of)-357(a)-357(free)-357(moral)-356(agent.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Respecting)-368(the)-368(laws)-368(by)-368(which)-368(God)-368(regulates)-368(his)-368(creative)-368(acts,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-255(are)-255(ignorant.)-264(Yet)-255(the)-255(theist)-255(firmly)-255(believes)-255(in)-255(creative)-255(acts)-254(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(some)-274(kind,)-279(and)-274(that)-273(they)-274(are)-273(regulated)-274(by)-274(law.)-320(In)-274(this)-273(ignorance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-437(God's)-438(law)-437(of)-438(creation,)-484(it)-437(is)-438(impossible)-437(to)-437(affirm)-438(that)-437(it)-437(is)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +721 0 obj << +/Length 5065 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(153)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(antecedently)-265(improbable)-264(that)-265(in)-265(making)-264(a)-265(fresh)-265(manifestation)-264(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(himself,)-291(he)-283(will)-283(operate)-282(only)-283(through)-283(those)-283(general)-282(laws,)-291(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-250(the)-250(ordinary)-250(manifestations)-250(of)-250(his)-250(will.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(There)-251(is)-250(some)-251(want)-250(of)-251(clearness)-251(in)-250(Mr.)-252(Mill's)-251(expression,)-250(that)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(in)-365(order)-366(to)-365(outweigh)-365(the)-366(antecedent)-365(improbability)-365(of)-365(miracles,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(arising)-300(from)-301(those)-300(modes)-301(of)-300(the)-301(divine)-300(action)-301(which)-300(fall)-300(within)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-419(limits)-419(of)-419(our)-419(experience,)-461(an)-419(extraordinary)-419(strength)-419(of)-419(an-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tecedent)-328(probability,)-347(derived)-328(from)-327(the)-328(special)-328(circumstances)-327(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-291(case,)-302(is)-292(required.)-374(If)-291(by)-292(this)-291(antecedent)-292(probability)-291(he)-291(means)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(something)-340(such)-339(as)-340(has)-340(been)-340(above)-339(referred)-340(to,)-362(there)-340(can)-340(be)-339(no)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(objection)-255(to)-256(his)-255(statement.)-267(He)-255(ought)-256(to)-255(have)-256(observed,)-256(however,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-459(the)-459(antecedent)-459(improbability)-459(which)-459(may)-459(be)-459(supposed)-458(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(belong)-395(to)-396(miracles,)-432(only)-395(attaches)-395(to)-396(them)-395(while)-395(contemplated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-323(phenomena,)-340(and)-323(that)-323(such)-322(an)-323(improbability)-322(readily)-323(yields)-322(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(positive)-231(evidence.)-243(This)-231(is)-230(virtually)-230(admitted)-231(in)-230(a)-231(subsequent)-230(sen-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tence.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 28.496 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(According)-251(as)-250(this)-251(circumstance,)-251(viz.)-252(the)-251(unknown)-250(cause,)]TJ -33.339 -13.549 Td [(not)-225(having)-225(previously)-225(manifested)-225(itself)-225(in)-225(action,)-230(or)-225(the)-225(falsity)-224(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-331(testimony,)-351(appears)-330(more)-331(improbable;)-371(that)-331(is,)-351(conflicts)-330(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-293(approximate)-293(generalization)-293(of)-293(a)-293(higher)-293(order,)-304(we)-293(believe)-293(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(testimony)-362(or)-362(disbelieve)-362(it)-361(with)-362(a)-362(stronger)-362(or)-362(weaker)-362(degree)-361(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conviction,)-202(according)-189(to)-190(the)-189(preponderance,)-202(at)-190(least)-189(until)-190(we)-189(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sifted)-248(the)-248(matter)-248(further.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 105.965 0 Td [(\035)-248(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.391 0 Td [(This,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 22.124 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.547 0 Td [(says)-248(the)-248(author)-247(of)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 79.891 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Supernatu-)]TJ -232.761 -13.549 Td [(ral)-282(Religion,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 54.899 0 Td [(\035)-565(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.848 0 Td [(is)-282(precisely)-283(Hume's)-282(argument,)-291(weakened)-282(by)-282(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 220.277 0 Td [([172])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(introduction)-355(of)-355(reservations)-356(which)-355(have)-355(no)-355(cogency.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 235.626 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.719 0 Td [(We)-355(say,)]TJ -244.345 -13.549 Td [(this)-274(is)-273(precisely)-274(what)-274(Hume's)-274(argument)-273(is)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 185.88 0 Td [(not)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.942 0 Td [(,)-280(for,)-279(if)-274(it)-274(be)-273(valid,)]TJ -199.822 -13.549 Td [(the)-445(whole)-445(question)-445(of)-445(miracles)-445(may)-445(be)-445(summarily)-444(dismissed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(without)-250(any)-250(inquiry)-250(into)-250(the)-250(evidence)-250(on)-250(which)-250(they)-250(rest.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Still,)-278(however,)-279(as)-273(the)-273(author)-272(affirms)-273(and)-273(endeavours)-273(to)-272(prove)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(that)-394(Mr.)-683(Mill's)-394(position)-394(leave)-394(Hume's)-394(argument)-394(untouched,)-430(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(few)-255(further)-255(observations)-255(will)-255(be)-255(necessary.)-265(Hume's)-255(statement)-254(is,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(A)-380(miracle)-381(is)-380(a)-381(violation)-381(of)-380(the)-381(laws)-380(of)-381(nature,)-413(and)-380(as)-381(a)-380(firm)]TJ -4.844 -13.549 Td [(and)-275(unalterable)-274(experience)-275(has)-275(established)-274(these)-275(laws,)-281(the)-274(proof)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(against)-301(a)-301(miracle)-301(from)-301(the)-301(nature)-301(of)-301(the)-301(fact,)-314(is)-301(as)-301(entire)-300(as)-301(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(argument)-250(from)-250(experience)-250(which)-250(can)-250(possibly)-250(be)-250(imagined.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 260.553 0 Td [(\035)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +726 0 obj << +/Length 5273 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(154)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 11.956 -30.759 Td [(I)-277(reply,)-283(that)-276(the)-277(conception)-277(of)-276(a)-277(miracle)-277(does)-276(not)-277(involve)-276(any)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(necessary)-336(violation)-336(of)-335(the)-336(laws)-336(of)-336(nature.)-507(All)-336(that)-336(it)-336(implies)-335(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-365(presence)-366(of)-365(another)-366(force)-365(different)-365(from)-366(those)-365(which)-365(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(come)-207(under)-207(our)-208(cognisance:)-228(and)-207(this)-207(may)-208(act)-207(so)-207(as)-207(to)-207(produce)-207(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(miracle)-301(without)-302(violating)-301(one)-302(of)-301(nature's)-301(laws.)-404(But,)-315(it)-301(is)-301(added,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(uniform)-212(and)-211(unalterable)-212(experience)-212(has)-211(established)-212(these)-211(laws.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 270.942 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(What)-325(has)-326(this)-325(experience)-325(really)-326(established?)-475(It)-326(is)-325(this,)-344(and)-325(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only,)-234(Given)-230(the)-231(presence)-230(of)-230(certain)-231(forces,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 186.095 0 Td [(and)-230(no)-231(others)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 59.569 0 Td [(,)-234(certain)]TJ -245.664 -13.549 Td [(results)-228(invariably)-228(follow.)-243(But)-228(experience)-228(cannot)-228(tell)-227(us)-228(anything,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-208(to)-209(what)-208(would)-208(be)-209(the)-208(law)-209(of)-208(nature,)-217(if)-208(some)-208(other)-209(force)-208(were)-208(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action;)-202(nor)-177(is)-177(it)-177(able)-178(to)-177(say)-177(one)-178(word)-177(as)-177(to)-178(the)-177(non-existence)-177(of)-177(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-345(which)-345(has)-345(not)-346(come)-345(under)-345(its)-345(observation.)-535(Abstractedly,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-317(is)-316(true)-317(that)-317(the)-317(argument)-316(against)-317(a)-317(miracle)-317(is)-316(as)-317(entire)-317(as)-316(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(argument)-267(from)-267(experience)-267(can)-267(be)-266(imagined,)-272(because)-266(experience)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(really)-359(supplies)-359(us)-359(with)-358(no)-359(basis)-359(for)-359(argumentation)-359(in)-359(the)-358(case.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Prior)-218(to)-218(the)-218(invention)-218(of)-218(railways)-218(and)-218(the)-218(discovery)-218(of)-218(the)-218(uses)-218(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-259(steam)-518(can)-259(be)-259(applied,)-261(the)-259(argument)-259(from)-259(experience)-259(was)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([173])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(equally)-217(valid)-217(against)-217(the)-218(possibility)-217(of)-217(travelling)-217(in)-217(a)-217(carriage)-217(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(propelled)-302(by)-302(animal)-302(force.)-407(In)-302(each)-302(case)-302(a)-302(new)-302(force)-302(enters)-302(into)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-222(conditions,)-228(of)-223(which)-222(experience)-223(is)-222(unable)-223(to)-222(take)-222(cognisance.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 11.956 -18.458 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Why)-365(is)-366(it)-365(more)-366(probable)-365(that)-365(all)-366(men)-365(must)-366(die?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 216.466 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.83 0 Td [(asks)-365(this)]TJ -242.095 -13.55 Td [(writer,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 31.649 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(or)-261(that)-260(lead)-261(cannot)-260(of)-261(itself)-260(remain)-261(suspended)-260(in)-261(the)-260(air;)]TJ -36.493 -13.549 Td [(or)-239(that)-239(fire)-239(consumes)-239(wood,)-241(and)-239(is)-239(extinguished)-239(by)-239(water,)-241(unless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-340(be)-339(that)-340(these)-340(events)-340(are)-339(found)-340(agreeable)-340(to)-340(nature,)-362(and)-339(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-315(required)-315(a)-315(violation)-315(of)-315(its)-315(laws,)-331(or)-315(in)-314(other)-315(words,)-332(a)-314(miracle,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-292(prevent)-292(them?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 74.239 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.031 0 Td [(I)-292(answer)-292(that)-292(it)-292(is)-293(probable)-292(that)-292(all)-292(men)-292(must)]TJ -82.27 -13.549 Td [(die,)-390(because)-362(we)-362(observe)-362(under)-362(the)-362(action)-362(of)-362(the)-362(known)-362(forces)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-332(nature)-331(that)-332(all)-332(men)-332(do)-331(die.)-495(But)-332(this)-332(says)-331(nothing)-332(as)-332(to)-331(what)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-227(take)-228(place)-227(if)-227(another)-228(force)-227(was)-227(present;)-235(or)-228(a)-227(combination)-227(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existing)-319(forces)-318(was)-318(discovered)-319(sufficiently)-318(potent)-319(to)-318(counteract)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-415(action)-414(of)-415(those)-414(which)-415(in)-415(the)-414(present)-415(state)-414(of)-415(things)-414(bring)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(about)-434(the)-433(dissolution)-434(of)-433(man's)-434(frame.)-801(There)-433(is)-434(no)-433(necessity,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-315(the)-315(purpose)-315(of)-314(effecting)-315(this,)-331(that)-315(one)-315(of)-315(the)-315(existing)-314(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-451(be)-450(suspended.)-852(The)-450(time)-451(was,)-501(when)-450(certain)-451(forms)-450(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +730 0 obj << +/Length 5079 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(155)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(disease)-409(invariably)-409(resulted)-409(in)-410(death.)-727(The)-409(advance)-409(of)-409(medical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(science)-242(has)-242(averted)-242(this)-242(result.)-247(Ought)-242(the)-242(discovery)-242(to)-242(have)-241(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rejected)-290(because)-290(it)-290(pretended)-290(to)-290(produce)-290(a)-290(fact)-290(contrary)-290(to)-289(prior)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(experience?)-604(Are)-369(any)-368(of)-368(the)-368(laws)-368(of)-368(nature)-368(violated,)-398(or)-368(are)-368(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(forces)-225(suspended)-225(in)-226(such)-225(a)-225(case?)-242(What)-225(has)-225(taken)-226(place?)-241(Man)-225(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discovered)-349(agencies)-348(which)-349(have)-348(neutralized)-349(the)-348(effect)-349(of)-348(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(agencies.)-232(Our)-197(belief)-197(that)-196(all)-197(men)-197(must)-197(die)-196(rests)-197(on)-197(the)-196(assumption)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-231(no)-232(force)-231(can)-231(or)-231(will)-232(at)-231(any)-231(future)-231(time)-232(be)-231(brought)-231(into)-231(action)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-267(will)-268(counteract)-267(the)-267(forces)-268(now)-267(in)-267(operation)-268(by)-267(which)-267(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(event)-250(is)-250(produced.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-374(same)-374(remark)-373(applies)-374(to)-374(the)-374(other)-373(three)-374(cases.)-1243(To)-373(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([174])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(second)-476(of)-476(them)-476(the)-476(author)-476(has)-476(himself)-476(supplied)-476(the)-475(answer:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Lead)-228(cannot)-228(of)-228(itself)-228(remain)-228(suspended)-228(in)-228(the)-228(air.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 213.491 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.331 0 Td [(Doubtless,)-232(it)]TJ -225.666 -13.549 Td [(cannot)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 32.25 0 Td [(of)-290(itself)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.871 0 Td [(.)-371(Who)-290(ever)-290(supposed)-290(that)-291(it)-290(could?)-370(But)-291(it)-290(can)-290(be)]TJ -65.121 -13.549 Td [(suspended)-192(when)-193(a)-192(force)-193(adequate)-192(to)-192(counteract)-193(that)-192(of)-192(gravitation)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-220(present.)-240(So)-220(fire)-221(will)-220(always)-220(consume)-220(wood,)-226(or)-220(be)-220(extinguished)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-372(water,)-403(as)-372(long)-372(as)-372(no)-372(other)-373(forces)-372(but)-372(the)-372(usual)-372(ones)-372(are)-372(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(operation.)-246(But)-237(man)-238(has)-237(already)-238(invented)-237(the)-238(means)-237(of)-237(producing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(combustion)-196(under)-196(water.)-232(No)-195(violation)-196(of)-196(nature's)-196(laws)-196(is)-195(required)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-378(any)-377(of)-378(these)-377(cases.)-633(Nor)-378(is)-377(there)-378(any)-378(required)-377(in)-378(a)-377(miracle.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-321(fact)-320(is,)-339(that)-320(there)-321(is)-321(an)-320(assumption)-321(in)-321(all)-320(arguments)-321(of)-320(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kind,)-223(which)-215(for)-216(obvious)-216(reasons)-216(is)-216(not)-215(openly)-216(avowed,)-223(but)-215(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alone)-304(imparts)-304(to)-304(them)-304(an)-303(apparent)-304(validity.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 194.965 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(No)-304(such)-304(force)-304(can)]TJ -199.809 -13.549 Td [(exist,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 23.335 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.846 0 Td [(which)-275(translated)-276(into)-275(other)-275(language)-275(is)-276(identical)-275(with)-275(the)]TJ -31.181 -13.549 Td [(proposition,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 55.901 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(There)-305(is)-304(no)-305(God.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 75.106 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.166 0 Td [(To)-305(keep)-304(this)-305(assumption)-304(in)-305(the)]TJ -144.017 -13.55 Td [(background,)-254(when)-254(the)-253(very)-254(basis)-253(of)-254(the)-253(argument)-254(for)-253(miracles)-253(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-237(assumption)-238(that)-237(there)-238(is)-237(one,)-240(is)-238(a)-237(course)-238(which)-237(can)-238(lead)-237(to)-237(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good)-250(result.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-318(the)-319(author)-318(remarks)-319(further:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 142.937 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(There)-318(must,)-336(therefore,)-336(be)-318(a)]TJ -159.736 -13.549 Td [(uniform)-389(experience)-389(against)-389(every)-389(miraculous)-390(event,)-423(otherwise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-401(event)-401(could)-401(not)-401(merit)-400(that)-401(appellation.)-703(And)-401(as)-401(a)-400(uniform)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(experience)-345(amounts)-344(to)-345(a)-344(proof,)-369(there)-344(is)-345(hence)-345(a)-344(direct)-345(and)-344(full)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(proof)-192(from)-192(the)-192(nature)-192(of)-192(the)-191(fact,)-204(against)-192(the)-192(existence)-192(of)-192(any)-191(mir-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acle;)-287(nor)-274(can)-275(such)-274(a)-275(proof)-275(be)-274(destroyed,)-281(or)-274(the)-275(miracle)-274(rendered)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +734 0 obj << +/Length 5240 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(156)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(credible,)-250(by)-250(any)-250(opposite)-250(proof)-250(which)-250(is)-250(superior.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 216.633 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -204.677 -15.186 Td [(Here)-277(again)-276(we)-277(encounter)-277(the)-276(same)-277(faults)-277(of)-276(reasoning,)-283(which)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(amount)-229(to)-229(a)-229(virtual)-228(assumption)-229(of)-229(the)-229(point)-229(at)-229(issue.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 226.632 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(There)-229(must)]TJ -231.475 -13.549 Td [(be)-219(a)-219(uniform)-219(experience)-219(against)-219(any)-219(miraculous)-219(event,)-225(otherwise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-286(would)-287(not)-286(merit)-286(the)-287(appellation)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 147.739 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(doubtless.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 43.942 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.967 0 Td [(But)-286(what)-287(is)-286(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -283.312 0 Td [([175])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(nature)-230(of)-231(this)-230(uniform)-231(experience?)-243(Exactly)-230(this,)-235(that)-230(the)-230(ordinary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(forces)-272(acting)-272(around)-272(us)-272(being)-272(present,)-277(and)-272(none)-272(other,)-278(the)-271(event)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-253(not,)-253(and)-252(therefore)-253(cannot)-252(take)-253(place.)-257(But)-253(this)-252(is)-253(not)-252(involved)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-226(the)-227(idea)-226(of)-227(a)-226(miracle.)-242(It)-227(assumes)-226(the)-226(presence)-227(of)-226(another)-226(force,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(viz.)-472(God.)-471(But)-324(what)-324(then?)-472(The)-324(objector)-324(will)-324(urge)-324(that)-324(we)-323(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-284(no)-284(experience)-284(of)-284(the)-284(existence)-284(of)-284(any)-284(such)-284(force.)-352(Is)-284(it)-284(to)-283(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(urged,)-224(that)-217(no)-217(force)-218(can)-217(exist,)-224(except)-217(those)-217(of)-218(which)-217(we)-217(have)-217(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(experience,)-222(or)-216(any)-215(combination)-216(of)-216(forces)-215(now)-216(in)-215(action,)-222(different)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-380(the)-381(present?)-641(The)-381(men)-380(of)-381(a)-380(former)-381(century)-380(were)-380(equally)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entitled)-361(to)-362(make)-361(the)-362(same)-361(assumption.)-584(If)-362(they)-361(had)-362(done)-361(so,)-389(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-308(follow,)-322(that)-307(if)-308(the)-307(discoverers)-308(of)-308(America)-307(had)-308(found)-307(our)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(present)-243(railway)-243(system)-242(in)-243(full)-243(operation,)-244(and)-243(reported)-243(it)-243(to)-243(be)-242(so,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-383(contemporaries)-382(of)-383(Columbus)-382(would)-383(have)-382(been)-383(justified)-382(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(treating)-250(him)-250(as)-250(an)-250(impostor.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But)-210(the)-210(author)-210(further)-210(observes:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 139.526 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Mr.)-237(Mill)-210(qualifies)-210(his)-210(admis-)]TJ -156.325 -13.549 Td [(sion)-287(respecting)-287(the)-287(effect)-287(of)-287(the)-287(alleged)-287(counteracting)-287(cause,)-296(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-288(all)-287(important)-288(words)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 105.873 0 Td [(\030)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(if)-287(present)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 41.514 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 3.033 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.769 0 Td [(for)-288(in)-287(order)-288(to)-287(be)-288(valid,)-296(the)]TJ -160.822 -13.549 Td [(reality)-372(of)-373(the)-372(alleged)-373(counteracting)-372(cause)-373(must)-372(be)-372(established,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-291(is)-292(impossible;)-312(therefore)-291(the)-292(objection)-291(falls)-292(to)-291(the)-291(ground.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(No)-201(one)-200(knows)-201(better)-201(than)-200(Mr.)-234(Mill,)-210(that)-201(the)-201(assertion)-200(of)-201(a)-200(person-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(al)-313(deity)-313(working)-313(miracles,)-329(upon)-313(which)-313(a)-313(miracle)-313(is)-312(allowed)-313(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-318(moment)-318(to)-318(come)-317(into)-318(court,)-335(cannot)-318(be)-318(proved;)-352(and)-317(therefore,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-278(it)-278(cannot)-278(stand)-278(in)-278(opposition)-278(to)-278(a)-278(complete)-278(induction)-278(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hume)-250(takes)-250(as)-250(his)-250(standard.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 121.495 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -109.539 -15.186 Td [(This)-308(passage)-308(strikes)-308(us)-307(as)-308(an)-308(extraordinary)-308(one)-308(to)-308(have)-307(been)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(written)-456(by)-456(any)-456(one)-457(who)-456(possesses)-456(the)-456(logical)-456(powers)-456(of)-456(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(author.)-470(We)-323(are)-323(dealing)-324(with)-323(a)-323(formal)-323(argument)-324(with)-323(a)-323(view)-323(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(testing)-172(its)-172(validity,)-188(we)-172(have)-172(the)-172(fullest)-172(right)-172(to)-172(test)-172(it)-172(by)-172(a)-172(supposed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(case.)-336(That)-557(supposed)-278(case)-278(is)-279(the)-278(presence)-279(of)-278(an)-279(unknown)-278(cause,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([176])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +739 0 obj << +/Length 5144 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(157)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(or)-359(an)-359(unknown)-359(combination)-359(of)-359(known)-359(causes,)-386(or)-359(the)-358(presence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-443(a)-443(personal)-442(deity.)-829(If)-443(the)-442(argument)-443(breaks)-443(down)-443(under)-442(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(application)-296(of)-296(these)-295(tests,)-307(it)-296(is)-296(worthless.)-387(Does)-296(the)-296(author)-295(mean)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-231(say,)-235(that)-231(it)-231(is)-231(necessary)-231(to)-231(prove)-231(every)-231(assumption)-231(to)-231(be)-231(a)-230(fact,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(before)-301(it)-302(can)-301(be)-302(used)-301(in)-302(argument?)-404(How)-302(about)-301(the)-301(assumptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(Euclid?)-251(I)-250(submit)-251(that)-250(the)-250(reasoning)-250(is)-250(by)-251(no)-250(means)-250(vitiated)-250(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-305(assumption,)-318(and)-304(consequently)-305(that)-304(by)-305(the)-304(application)-305(of)-304(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-337(principles)-336(of)-337(reasoning,)-359(Hume's)-336(argument)-337(falls)-337(to)-336(pieces.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-242(one)-242(sense)-242(the)-241(words)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 101.653 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(if)-242(present)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 40.809 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.481 0 Td [(are)-242(all)-242(important,)-243(yet)-242(it)-242(is)-242(not)]TJ -154.787 -13.55 Td [(necessary)-344(to)-344(prove)-344(the)-344(fact)-344(in)-344(order)-344(to)-344(establish)-344(the)-344(validity)-344(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(reasoning,)-349(which)-329(is)-329(entirely)-330(independent)-329(of)-329(the)-329(truth)-329(of)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assumption.)-310(Has)-271(the)-270(author)-270(never)-270(heard)-270(of)-270(contingent)-270(reasoning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-318(which)-319(both)-318(antecedent)-319(and)-318(consequent)-319(may)-318(be)-318(false,)-336(but)-318(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(proposition)-250(valid?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 11.956 -16.004 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(No)-240(one)-240(knows,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 65.536 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.464 0 Td [(again)-240(says)-240(the)-241(author,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 96.848 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(better)-240(than)-240(Mr.)-247(Mill,)]TJ -191.49 -13.55 Td [(that)-407(the)-407(allegation)-406(of)-407(a)-407(personal)-407(God)-407(working)-406(miracles,)-446(upon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-215(a)-216(miracle)-215(is)-215(for)-215(a)-216(moment)-215(allowed)-215(to)-216(come)-215(into)-215(court,)-222(can-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-239(be)-239(proved.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 62.478 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.453 0 Td [(It)-239(seems)-239(then)-239(after)-239(all)-240(that)-239(we)-239(are)-239(reasoning)-239(with)]TJ -69.931 -13.549 Td [(a)-293(person)-293(who)-293(rejects)-293(theism;)-314(although)-293(he)-293(has)-293(been)-292(dealing)-293(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-322(question)-322(on)-322(principles)-322(which)-323(assume)-322(its)-322(truth.)-466(In)-322(arguing)-322(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(question)-229(of)-229(this)-230(kind)-229(it)-229(is)-229(necessary)-229(to)-229(be)-230(consistent,)-233(and)-229(take)-229(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stand)-230(either)-230(on)-230(the)-229(principles)-230(of)-230(theism,)-234(or)-230(on)-230(those)-230(of)-229(pantheism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-246(atheism,)-247(and)-246(not)-247(to)-246(fall)-246(back)-246(on)-246(either)-247(as)-246(the)-246(exigencies)-246(of)-246(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(case)-324(demand.)-472(Least)-323(of)-324(all)-324(should)-324(this)-324(be)-324(done)-324(by)-324(a)-323(writer)-324(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charges)-313(the)-313(defenders)-313(of)-314(Christianity)-313(with)-313(shifting)-313(their)-313(ground)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(suit)-250(the)-250(necessities)-250(of)-250(their)-250(argument.)]TJ 11.955 -16.004 Td [(But)-239(is)-238(the)-239(case)-239(correctly)-238(stated?)-246(No)-239(doubt)-239(that)-238(the)-478(conception)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([177])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.55 Td [(of)-321(a)-320(personal)-321(God)-321(is)-320(essential)-321(to)-321(it.)-462(But)-321(that)-320(of)-321(a)-321(personal)-320(God)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(actually)-368(working)-369(miracles)-369(forms)-368(no)-369(portion)-368(of)-369(it.)-605(If)-369(this)-368(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assumed,)-346(the)-327(entire)-327(reasoning)-327(would)-327(be)-327(a)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 188.48 0 Td [(petitio)-327(principii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 69.032 0 Td [(.)-481(We)]TJ -257.512 -13.549 Td [(are)-330(considering)-330(whether)-330(miracles)-331(are)-330(possible;)-370(or)-330(if,)-350(supposing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-241(to)-240(be)-241(wrought,)-242(it)-241(can)-240(be)-241(established)-241(by)-240(evidence.)-247(All)-241(that)-240(we)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(assume)-263(is,)-265(that)-263(God)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 88.76 0 Td [(can)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.617 0 Td [(work)-263(miracles,)-265(not)-263(that)-262(He)-263(has)-262(wrought)]TJ -107.377 -13.549 Td [(them.)-787(Whether)-429(we)-429(can)-429(prove)-429(by)-429(good)-429(evidence)-428(that)-429(He)-429(has)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +743 0 obj << +/Length 5211 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(158)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(wrought)-250(miracles,)-250(is)-250(quite)-250(independent)-250(of)-250(the)-250(present)-250(question.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 11.956 -15.186 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(No)-338(one)-337(knows)-338(better)-337(than)-338(Mr.)-512(Mill,)-359(that)-338(the)-338(assertion)-337(of)-338(a)]TJ -16.799 -13.549 Td [(personal)-189(deity)-189(working)-190(miracles)-189(cannot)-189(be)-189(proved.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 216.883 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.907 0 Td [(It)-189(is)-189(perfectly)]TJ -223.79 -13.549 Td [(true)-327(that)-327(Mr.)-481(Mill)-327(believed)-327(that)-327(the)-327(evidence)-327(adduced)-326(to)-327(prove)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-248(being)-248(of)-248(a)-248(personal)-248(God)-247(was)-248(insufficient,)-249(and)-248(that)-247(respecting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-414(origin)-414(of)-414(all)-414(things,)-454(nothing)-414(can)-414(be)-414(known.)-742(But)-414(yet)-414(it)-413(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(impossible)-278(to)-279(treat)-278(the)-279(existence)-278(of)-279(a)-278(personal)-279(God)-278(as)-279(a)-278(bare)-278(as-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sumption.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 45.987 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(It)-227(is)-228(impossible)-227(to)-227(be)-227(proved,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 125.427 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.323 0 Td [(says)-227(the)-228(author.)-242(But)-227(to)]TJ -183.58 -13.549 Td [(whom?)-240(To)-221(minds)-221(constituted)-222(like)-221(Mr.)-240(Mill's.)-240(The)-221(evidence)-221(that)-221(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(personal)-209(God)-209(exists)-210(has)-209(appeared)-209(irresistible)-209(to)-209(an)-209(overwhelming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(majority)-280(of)-281(mankind,)-288(including)-280(a)-281(great)-280(majority)-281(of)-280(minds)-280(gifted)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-288(equal,)-298(and)-288(even)-288(with)-289(greater)-288(powers)-288(than)-288(that)-289(of)-288(Mr.)-364(Mill.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(One)-364(might)-364(imagine)-364(from)-364(the)-364(mode)-364(in)-364(which)-364(this)-364(point)-364(is)-363(here)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(represented,)-210(that)-199(the)-199(belief)-200(in)-199(the)-199(existence)-200(of)-199(a)-200(personal)-199(God)-199(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exploded)-225(among)-225(all)-225(men)-226(of)-225(intellect,)-230(and)-225(that)-225(the)-225(proofs)-225(adduced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-218(it)-218(were)-218(unworthy)-218(of)-218(attention.)-239(Surely)-218(the)-218(question)-218(of)-217(miracles)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(has)-311(a)-310(legitimate)-311(place)-311(in)-311(the)-310(court)-311(which)-311(tries)-310(the)-311(issue)-311(of)-310(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truth)-250(or)-250(falsehood.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(One)-420(more)-420(point)-420(requires)-420(notice.)-761(Hume)-420(says,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 211.979 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Though)-420(the)]TJ -228.778 -13.55 Td [(being,)-215(to)-207(whom)-207(the)-206(miracle)-207(is)-206(attributed)-207(be)-207(in)-206(this)-207(case)-206(Almighty,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-295(does)-295(not)-295(on)-295(that)-295(account)-295(become)-295(a)-295(whit)-295(more)-295(probable,)-306(since)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-242(is)-243(impossible)-242(for)-485(us)-242(to)-242(know)-243(the)-242(attributes)-242(or)-243(actions)-242(of)-242(such)-242(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([178])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 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[(experience)-346(of)-345(his)-346(productions)-345(in)-346(the)-345(course)-346(of)-345(nature.)-537(What)-345(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-436(course)-436(of)-435(nature)-436(here)-436(intended?)-807(does)-436(it)-436(include)-436(mind)-435(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(well)-423(as)-422(matter?)-767(If)-423(the)-422(former)-423(is)-422(included,)-466(and)-422(we)-423(attain)-422(our)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(knowledge)-251(of)-251(God)-250(from)-251(that)-251(source)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 155.466 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(and)-251(every)-251(theist)-250(maintains)]TJ -166.375 -13.549 Td [(that)-384(our)-384(chief)-384(knowledge)-384(of)-384(God)-384(is)-384(derived)-384(from)-384(it)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 233.416 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(then)-384(the)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +747 0 obj << +/Length 3377 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(159)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(experience)-420(we)-420(have)-420(of)-421(man)-420(leads)-420(us)-420(to)-420(infer)-420(the)-420(presence)-420(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certain)-227(moral)-227(attributes)-227(in)-227(God;)-235(and)-227(there)-227(is)-227(nothing)-227(in)-227(that)-227(expe-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rience)-224(which)-223(renders)-224(the)-224(performance)-223(of)-224(a)-224(miracle)-223(inconceivable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-340(impossible)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 60.078 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(but)-340(as)-340(far)-340(as)-340(that)-340(experience)-341(is)-340(concerned,)-362(it)-340(is)]TJ -70.987 -13.55 Td [(rendered)-223(antecedently)-223(probable.)-241(What)-223(is)-223(included,)-229(I)-223(again)-223(ask,)-228(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature?)-241(Are)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 53.501 0 Td [(we)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.12 0 Td [(,)-227(the)-222(percipient)-222(beings)-221(ourselves?)-241(Whether)-222(we)-221(are)]TJ -65.621 -13.549 Td [(regarded)-313(as)-313(included)-313(or)-313(excluded)-313(from)-313(nature,)-329(it)-313(is)-313(evident)-313(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-285(considerable)-285(portion)-285(of)-285(our)-285(knowledge)-285(of)-285(the)-285(divine)-284(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-410(derived)-410(from)-410(the)-411(contemplation)-410(of)-410(our)-410(own)-410(being.)-730(God)-410(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(more)-310(manifested)-310(in)-311(our)-310(rationality,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 157.975 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(personality,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 51.208 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.227 0 Td [(freedom,)-325(and)]TJ -222.253 -13.549 Td [(conscience,)-370(than)-346(in)-346(the)-346(material)-346(forces)-346(and)-346(laws)-346(of)-346(nature.)-537(To)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perform)-284(a)-284(miracle)-284(therefore)-285(is)-284(consistent)-284(with)-284(what)-284(we)-284(know)-284(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-250(character.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(These)-354(observations)-355(will)-354(render)-355(it)-354(unnecessary)-354(for)-355(me)-354(to)-354(ex-)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(amine)-386(in)-386(detail)-387(the)-386(writer's)-386(observations)-386(on)-386(Paley's)-386(arguments)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(against)-174(Hume.)-225(Even)-174(if)-174(his)-175(arguments)-174(are)-174(not)-174(perfectly)-174(conclusive,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-385(failure)-385(does)-385(not)-386(establish)-770(the)-385(truth)-385(of)-385(Hume's)-385(positions,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([179])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(or)-323(invalidate)-323(the)-323(refutation)-323(of)-324(them)-323(by)-323(others.)-469(As)-323(the)-323(object)-323(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-257(author)-258(is)-257(to)-257(re-establish)-257(the)-258(validity)-257(of)-257(Hume's)-257(argument,)-259(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ought)-356(not)-356(to)-356(have)-356(confined)-356(himself)-357(to)-356(Paley,)-382(whose)-356(mind)-356(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-247(adapted)-248(to)-247(the)-248(investigation)-247(of)-247(purely)-248(logical)-247(or)-247(metaphysi-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cal)-264(questions,)-268(but)-264(to)-264(have)-264(noticed)-264(the)-264(argument)-264(of)-264(the)-264(numerous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subsequent)-250(writers)-250(who)-250(have)-250(more)-250(fully)-250(handled)-250(the)-250(subject.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 -29.651 Td [([180])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +757 0 obj << +/Length 3048 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 18.9589 Tf 93.543 479.321 Td [(Chapter)-257(VIII.)-258(The)-257(Objection)-258(That)]TJ 0 -24.647 Td [(The)-265(Defenders)-264(Of)-265(Christianity)]TJ 0 -24.646 Td [(Assume)-252(Certain)-253(Facts)-252(The)-253(Truth)-252(Of)]TJ 0 -24.647 Td [(Which)-261(Can)-262(Only)-261(Be)-262(Known)-261(By)]TJ 0 -24.646 Td [(Revelation,)-252(And)-252(Then)-252(Reason)-252(From)]TJ 0 -24.647 Td [(Those)-257(Facts)-257(To)-257(The)-257(Truth)-256(Of)-257(The)]TJ 0 -24.646 Td [(Bible,)-250(Considered.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 0 -34.54 Td [(It)-366(has)-367(been)-366(objected)-367(that)-366(the)-367(very)-366(idea)-367(of)-366(such)-367(a)-366(revelation)-366(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-269(of)-269(Christianity)-269(implies)-269(a)-269(defect)-269(on)-269(the)-269(part)-269(of)-269(the)-269(Creator)-268(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-318(original)-319(construction)-318(of)-319(the)-318(Universe,)-336(and)-318(that)-319(He)-318(has)-318(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(under)-310(the)-309(necessity)-310(of)-309(interposing)-309(for)-310(the)-309(purpose)-310(of)-309(correcting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-293(defect.)-380(It)-293(is)-294(affirmed)-293(that)-293(divines)-293(endeavour)-294(to)-293(prove)-293(that)-293(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revelation)-278(was)-279(probable)-278(by)-278(first)-279(assuming)-278(a)-278(number)-279(of)-278(the)-278(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(irrational)-202(propositions,)-212(which,)-212(if)-203(true,)-212(can)-202(only)-203(be)-202(proved)-203(to)-202(be)-202(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-257(the)-257(authority)-258(of)-257(the)-257(Bible,)-259(and)-257(then)-258(arguing)-257(back)-257(again)-257(that)-257(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-206(highly)-207(probable)-206(that)-206(God)-206(would)-206(interfere)-207(to)-206(remedy)-206(the)-206(defects)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-231(his)-230(creative)-231(work)-231(by)-231(a)-230(supernatural)-231(revelation;)-237(in)-231(other)-230(words,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-223(they)-223(assume)-223(a)-222(state)-223(of)-223(things)-223(which)-223(reason)-223(would)-222(pronounce)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-263(be)-262(incredible,)-266(unless)-262(their)-263(truth)-263(was)-262(asserted)-263(in)-262(the)-263(Bible,)-265(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(then)-334(argue)-334(on)-334(the)-334(principles)-334(of)-334(that)-334(reason)-334(whose)-334(validity)-333(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(deny,)-238(that)-235(it)-236(is)-235(probable)-235(that)-235(the)-236(Creator)-235(would)-235(interfere)-235(to)-235(reme-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dy)-268(a)-269(state)-268(of)-268(things)-269(the)-268(existence)-268(of)-269(which)-268(reason)-268(pronounces)-268(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-250(incredible.)]TJ 11.956 -13.973 Td [(The)-239(author)-238(of)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 61.735 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Supernatural)-239(Religion)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 95.931 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.447 0 Td [(has)-239(strongly)-238(urged)-239(this)]TJ -181.913 -13.549 Td [(argument,)-312(and)-299(placed)-300(the)-299(difficulty)-300(clearly)-299(before)-300(us.)-398(Although)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +760 0 obj << +/Length 4766 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(161)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(the)-233(entire)-233(passage)-233(is)-233(too)-233(long)-233(for)-465(quotation,)-237(yet)-233(as)-233(it)-233(is)-232(important)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([181])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(that)-237(we)-236(should)-237(have)-237(the)-236(question)-237(which)-236(he)-237(raises)-237(before)-236(us)-237(in)-236(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(own)-250(words,)-250(I)-250(will)-250(cite)-250(a)-250(portion)-250(of)-250(it.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 11.956 -18.459 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Here)-393(again)-394(the)-393(argument)-394(is)-393(based)-393(on)-394(an)-393(assumption.)-681(The)]TJ -16.799 -13.549 Td [(supposition)-415(of)-414(a)-415(divine)-414(design)-415(in)-414(a)-414(revelation)-415(is)-414(the)-415(result)-414(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-383(foregone)-384(conclusion)-383(in)-384(its)-383(favour,)-417(and)-383(not)-384(suggested)-383(by)-383(an-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tecedent)-356(probability.)-566(Divines)-355(assume)-356(that)-355(a)-356(communication)-355(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-313(nature)-314(is)-313(in)-313(accordance)-313(with)-314(reason,)-329(and)-313(was)-313(necessary)-313(for)]TJ 0 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[(considerations)-341(involved)-341(in)-340(the)-341(assumption)-341(of)-341(the)-341(necessity)-340(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reasonableness)-337(of)-336(such)-337(a)-336(revelation,)-359(however,)-358(are)-336(antecedently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incredible)-313(and)-314(contrary)-313(to)-313(reason.)-440(We)-313(are)-314(asked)-313(to)-313(believe)-313(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-227(made)-227(man)-227(in)-227(His)-227(own)-227(image,)-231(pure)-227(and)-227(sinless,)-232(and)-226(intended)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-349(to)-350(continue)-349(so;)-399(but)-350(scarcely)-349(had)-350(His)-349(noblest)-350(work)-349(left)-349(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hand)-241(of)-241(his)-240(Creator,)-243(than)-241(man)-241(was)-241(tempted)-240(into)-241(sin)-241(by)-241(Satan,)-242(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(all-powerful)-288(and)-288(persistent)-288(enemy)-288(of)-288(God,)-297(whose)-288(existence)-288(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(antagonism)-300(to)-300(a)-299(being)-300(in)-300(whose)-300(eyes)-300(sin)-300(is)-299(an)-300(abomination,)-312(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-229(accounted)-228(for)-229(and)-229(are)-229(incredible.)-243(Adam's)-228(fall)-229(brought)-229(a)-228(curse)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(upon)-411(the)-410(earth,)-451(and)-411(incurred)-410(the)-411(penalty)-411(of)-410(death)-411(for)-410(himself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-285(for)-285(the)-284(whole)-285(of)-285(his)-285(posterity.)-354(The)-285(human)-285(race)-285(thus)-284(created)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perfect)-219(and)-219(without)-219(sin,)-225(thus)-219(disappointed)-219(the)-219(expectations)-219(of)-219(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Creator,)-386(and)-359(became)-359(daily)-359(more)-359(wicked,)-386(the)-359(evil)-359(spirit)-358(having)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(succeeded)-219(in)-220(frustrating)-219(the)-219(designs)-220(of)-219(the)-219(Almighty,)-226(so)-219(that)-219(God)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(repented)-255(that)-255(he)-254(had)-255(made)-255(man,)-256(and)-255(at)-255(length)-254(he)-510(destroyed)-255(by)-254(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([182])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(deluge)-220(all)-219(the)-220(inhabitants)-220(of)-219(the)-220(earth,)-226(with)-219(the)-220(exception)-220(of)-219(eight)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(persons)-329(who)-329(feared)-329(him.)-486(This)-329(sweeping)-329(purification,)-348(however,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-366(as)-366(futile)-367(as)-366(the)-366(original)-366(design,)-395(and)-367(the)-366(race)-366(of)-366(man)-366(soon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(became)-393(more)-393(wicked)-393(than)-393(ever.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 144.679 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.131 0 Td [(Here)-393(follows)-393(a)-393(statement)-393(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +765 0 obj << +/Length 5032 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(162)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 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[(points)-228(of)-228(detail\051)-228(are)-228(as)-228(follows:)-239(Certain)-228(incredible)-228(occurrences)-228(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-244(past)-244(history)-244(of)-244(man)-244(are)-244(assumed)-244(by)-244(divines)-244(to)-244(be)-244(facts)-244(on)-244(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(authority)-184(of)-184(the)-184(Bible.)-228(These)-184(include)-184(the)-184(complete)-184(breaking)-184(down)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-248(the)-249(divine)-248(plan)-249(in)-248(the)-249(creation)-248(of)-248(man)-249(through)-248(the)-249(agency)-248(of)-248(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-229(who)-229(has)-229(frustrated)-229(the)-229(purposes)-229(of)-229(the)-229(Almighty.)-243(Next)-229(it)-228(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(asserted)-312(on)-312(the)-312(same)-311(authority)-312(that)-312(another)-312(series)-312(of)-312(events)-311(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taken)-326(place)-326(which)-326(are)-326(in)-326(the)-326(highest)-326(degree)-326(contrary)-326(to)-325(reason,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(endless)-315(mass)-315(of)-314(controversial)-315(matter.)-444(If)-315(the)-315(historical)-314(character)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +769 0 obj << +/Length 4614 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(163)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(of)-214(the)-214(Gospels)-214(cannot)-213(be)-214(maintained,)-221(the)-214(whole)-214(controversy)-214(as)-213(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whether)-296(Christianity)-296(is)-296(a)-295(divine)-296(revelation)-296(is)-296(ended.)-388(This)-295(forms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-413(key)-414(of)-413(the)-413(Christian)-414(position,)-454(to)-413(which)-413(the)-414(other)-413(parts)-413(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-369(controversy)-368(stand)-369(in)-369(the)-368(relation)-369(of)-368(mere)-369(outworks.)-606(If)-368(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(events)-321(recorded)-322(in)-321(the)-321(Gospels)-322(are)-321(historical,)-339(Christianity)-321(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(The)-344(author)-344(discerns)-344(clearly)-343(that)-344(this)-344(is)-344(the)-344(turning)-344(point)-344(of)-343(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(controversy,)-225(and)-219(has)-219(accordingly)-219(addressed)-219(himself)-219(to)-219(prove)-218(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-331(Gospels)-332(are)-331(valueless)-331(as)-332(historical)-331(documents.)-494(This)-331(line)-331(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(argument)-331(is)-331(candid,)-351(and)-331(one)-331(which,)-351(if)-331(adhered)-331(to,)-352(will)-330(save)-331(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(immense)-250(expenditure)-250(of)-250(reasoning)-250(power.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(Now)-269(the)-269(question)-269(of)-268(the)-269(historical)-269(character)-269(of)-269(the)-269(Gospels)-268(is)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(quite)-301(distinct)-302(from)-301(that)-301(of)-301(the)-302(truth)-301(or)-301(falsehood)-603(of)-301(any)-301(system)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([184])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-256(Ecclesiastical)-257(Christianity,)-258(which)-256(asserts)-257(that)-256(its)-257(theology)-256(is)-256(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deduction)-345(from)-345(the)-345(Gospels)-345(and)-345(the)-345(other)-345(portions)-345(of)-345(the)-345(New)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Testament.)-341(It)-280(is)-281(not)-280(revelation)-280(itself)-281(but)-280(a)-280(system)-281(erected)-280(by)-280(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(application)-263(of)-264(reason)-263(to)-263(the)-263(facts)-264(of)-263(revelation.)-290(It)-263(is)-263(most)-263(impor-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tant)-240(that)-240(this)-241(distinction)-240(should)-240(be)-240(kept)-240(in)-240(view.)-247(The)-240(truth)-240(is,)-242(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(facts)-313(of)-314(revelation)-314(stand)-313(in)-314(the)-314(same)-313(relation)-314(to)-314(theology)-313(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-327(facts)-326(of)-327(nature)-326(do)-327(to)-327(physical)-326(science.)-480(Incorrect)-326(reasonings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(respecting)-392(both)-392(the)-391(one)-392(and)-392(the)-392(other)-392(are)-391(alike)-392(possible.)-675(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Ptolemaic)-431(theory)-432(was)-431(propounded)-431(as)-432(an)-431(adequate)-431(solution)-431(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-365(facts)-365(and)-365(phenomena)-364(of)-365(the)-365(universe,)-394(and)-365(although)-364(utterly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incorrect)-262(in)-262(all)-261(its)-262(parts,)-265(it)-262(for)-262(ages)-261(held)-262(unlimited)-262(sway)-262(over)-261(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-387(mind.)-661(In)-387(a)-387(similar)-387(manner)-387(various)-387(theories)-387(have)-386(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(propounded)-329(as)-330(solutions)-329(of)-330(the)-329(facts)-330(of)-329(revelation,)-349(but)-330(it)-329(by)-329(no)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(means)-432(follows)-432(because)-431(they)-432(have)-432(attained)-432(a)-432(wide)-431(acceptance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-259(they)-259(afford)-259(the)-259(true)-259(solution.)-277(In)-259(examining)-259(the)-259(claims)-259(of)-258(the)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +773 0 obj << +/Length 4722 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(164)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(Gospels)-198(to)-199(be)-198(viewed)-198(as)-199(historical,)-208(it)-199(is)-198(quite)-198(as)-199(much)-198(out)-198(of)-198(place)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-198(make)-199(them)-198(responsible)-198(for)-198(all)-199(the)-198(theories)-198(which)-198(Ecclesiastical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christianity)-288(has)-287(propounded)-288(respecting)-288(the)-287(plan)-288(of)-287(salvation,)-297(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-379(would)-380(be)-379(to)-380(make)-379(the)-379(facts)-380(and)-379(phenomena)-380(of)-379(the)-379(universe)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(answerable)-459(for)-460(all)-459(the)-460(theories)-459(which)-460(have)-459(been)-459(propounded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-401(their)-401(solution.)-702(In)-401(examining)-401(the)-400(claims)-401(of)-401(the)-401(Gospels)-400(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-323(accepted)-322(as)-323(historical)-323(documents,)-341(it)-322(is)-323(most)-323(unreasonable)-322(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(make)-327(them)-328(responsible)-327(for)-327(theories)-328(which)-327(were)-327(not)-327(formulated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(Church)-250(until)-250(centuries)-250(after)-250(their)-250(publication.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Most)-208(of)-207(the)-208(positions)-207(affirmed)-208(in)-207(the)-208(above)-207(quotation)-208(were)-207(not)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(formulated)-295(until)-294(a)-295(late)-295(period)-294(of)-295(the)-295(Church's)-294(history.)-384(Certainly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(they)-267(are)-267(nowhere)-267(directly)-267(laid)-266(down)-267(in)-267(the)-267(New)-267(Testament.)-300(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(utmost)-262(which)-262(can)-262(be)-262(asserted)-261(of)-262(them)-262(is,)-265(that)-262(they)-262(are)-262(alleged)-261(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-248(derived)-247(inferentially)-248(from)-248(its)-247(teaching.)-250(They)-495(form)-248(no)-247(portion)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([185])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-256(the)-257(Apostles')-256(or)-257(of)-256(the)-256(Nicene)-257(Creeds,)-258(which)-256(are)-257(the)-256(only)-256(for-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mularies)-211(outside)-211(of)-211(the)-210(New)-211(Testament)-211(which)-211(can)-211(be)-210(represented)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-224(embodying)-224(the)-224(creed)-224(of)-224(the)-224(universal)-223(Church.)-242(Nor)-224(can)-224(they)-223(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(found)-285(even)-286(in)-285(the)-285(Athanasian)-285(creed.)-356(In)-286(discussing)-285(the)-285(claims)-285(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-275(Gospels)-276(to)-275(be)-275(esteemed)-275(as)-276(historical,)-281(they)-276(can)-275(only)-275(be)-275(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fairly)-321(responsible)-321(for)-322(what)-321(they)-321(actually)-321(contain.)-464(To)-321(bring)-321(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-278(a)-279(controversy)-278(positions)-279(only)-278(affirmed)-278(in)-279(recent)-278(attempts)-278(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(formulate)-313(a)-313(body)-313(of)-313(Christian)-312(doctrine,)-329(as)-313(though)-313(they)-313(had)-312(any)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(bearing)-395(on)-394(the)-395(claims)-394(of)-395(the)-395(New)-394(Testament)-395(to)-394(be)-395(viewed)-394(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(containing)-250(a)-250(divine)-250(revelation,)-250(can)-250(lead)-250(to)-250(no)-250(satisfactory)-250(result.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-447(now)-446(return)-447(to)-447(the)-447(consideration)-447(of)-447(the)-447(difficulties)-446(above)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(referred)-300(to.)-401(It)-300(is)-301(i)1(mportant)-301(to)-300(take)-300(a)-300(careful)-301(survey)-300(of)-300(the)-300(entire)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(question,)-368(because)-345(they)-344(are)-344(not)-345(only)-344(put)-345(with)-344(great)-345(force)-344(in)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passage)-220(which)-220(I)-220(have)-219(quoted,)-226(but)-220(I)-220(believe)-220(that)-220(in)-220(different)-219(forms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-259(weigh)-259(heavily)-258(on)-259(the)-259(minds)-259(of)-259(many)-258(thoughtful)-259(men.)-277(I)-258(will)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(first)-250(offer)-250(a)-250(few)-250(observations)-250(on)-250(the)-250(general)-250(principle.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(Nothing)-258(is)-257(easier)-258(than)-257(to)-258(affirm)-257(that)-258(the)-257(introduction)-258(of)-257(moral)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(evil)-393(into)-393(the)-392(universe)-393(is)-393(a)-393(marring)-393(of)-392(the)-393(Creator's)-393(plan)-393(in)-392(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(formation.)-448(The)-316(argument)-316(is)-316(founded)-316(on)-316(the)-316(supposition)-316(that)-316(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Almighty)-386(God)-387(exists,)-420(who)-387(is)-386(wise,)-421(holy,)-420(and)-387(benevolent,)-420(and)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +777 0 obj << +/Length 4682 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(165)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(who)-396(intended)-397(to)-396(manifest)-397(these)-396(attributes)-397(through)-396(the)-396(rational)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beings)-289(which)-289(he)-289(has)-289(created.)-368(It)-289(is)-289(affirmed)-289(that)-289(the)-289(existence)-289(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-260(evil)-261(in)-260(man)-260(is)-261(a)-260(failure)-260(of)-261(this)-260(purpose)-260(on)-261(the)-260(part)-260(of)-260(God.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-355(it)-355(is)-355(the)-355(most)-355(certain)-355(of)-355(facts)-355(that)-355(moral)-355(evil)-355(does)-355(exist)-354(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-295(world,)-307(and)-295(that)-296(it)-295(exists)-295(quite)-296(independently)-295(of)-295(Christianity.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-421(objection)-420(therefore)-421(is)-420(not)-420(one)-421(directed)-420(solely)-421(against)-420(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christianity)-287(of)-286(the)-287(New)-286(Testament,)-296(but)-287(bears)-286(with)-287(equal)-286(weight)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(against)-242(every)-242(form)-242(of)-242(theism,)-244(which)-242(admits)-242(that)-242(the)-242(universe)-242(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-284(created,)-292(and)-568(is)-284(governed)-284(by)-284(a)-284(God)-283(who)-284(is)-284(almighty,)-292(wise,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([186])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(holy,)-250(and)-250(benevolent.)]TJ 11.956 -18.458 Td [(If)-226(there)-225(be)-226(a)-225(God)-226(who)-225(is)-226(the)-225(Creator)-226(of)-225(the)-226(Universe,)-230(it)-226(is)-225(clear)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(that)-285(He)-284(must)-285(have)-284(been)-285(the)-284(Creator)-285(of)-285(man,)-293(and)-284(that)-285(man)-284(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-191(have)-191(come)-191(into)-191(being)-191(in)-191(conformity)-191(with)-191(His)-191(pleasure.)-230(Now,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-271(we)-270(decline)-270(to)-271(admit)-270(that)-271(man)-270(was)-271(created)-270(morally)-271(perfect,)-275(yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-326(he)-326(must)-326(have)-326(been)-327(created)-326(a)-326(moral)-326(agent,)-345(it)-326(is)-326(clear)-326(that)-326(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first)-445(man)-445(must)-445(have)-444(sprung)-445(into)-445(being)-445(either)-445(with)-445(the)-444(moral)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(faculties)-251(of)-251(a)-250(savage,)-251(or)-251(in)-251(some)-251(intermediate)-251(condition)-250(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-311(and)-310(a)-311(state)-311(of)-310(moral)-311(perfection.)-432(It)-311(follows,)-326(therefore,)-325(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-359(must)-360(have)-359(been)-360(made)-359(capable)-359(of)-360(moral)-359(progress.)-578(This)-359(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirmed)-302(by)-301(all)-302(those)-301(who)-302(assert)-301(that)-302(he)-301(was)-302(first)-301(produced)-302(in)-301(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(savage)-276(state.)-326(But)-276(the)-276(possibility)-275(of)-276(moral)-275(progress)-276(involves)-275(also)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-236(possibility)-235(of)-235(retrogression.)-246(The)-235(truth)-236(of)-235(this)-236(is)-235(borne)-235(witness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-362(by)-361(the)-362(most)-362(palpable)-361(facts)-362(of)-362(daily)-361(experience.)-585(Men)-362(of)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(highest)-278(mental)-279(powers)-278(are)-279(capable)-278(of)-279(abusing)-278(them)-279(to)-278(the)-278(worst)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purposes,)-373(and)-348(thus)-348(of)-348(sinking)-348(fearfully)-348(low)-348(in)-348(the)-348(moral)-348(scale.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-379(case)-379(of)-379(a)-379(man)-379(like)-379(Fouch\351)-379(will)-378(illustrate)-379(my)-379(argument,)-411(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-286(gifted)-285(with)-286(high)-285(intellectual)-286(powers,)-294(but)-286(who)-285(sunk)-286(into)-285(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lowest)-217(condition)-217(of)-218(moral)-217(turpitude.)-239(Such)-217(a)-217(man)-217(is)-217(incomparably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worse)-405(than)-405(the)-406(first)-405(original)-405(savage.)-715(I)-406(submit,)-443(therefore,)-444(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whatever)-294(view)-293(we)-294(may)-293(take)-294(of)-294(the)-293(condition)-294(in)-293(which)-294(man)-293(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(originally)-297(created,)-309(even)-296(if)-297(he)-297(were)-297(created)-297(a)-297(savage,)-309(yet)-297(he)-296(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)-406(a)-406(moral)-406(being)-405(capable)-406(of)-406(elevation)-406(or)-406(degradation;)-483(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that,)-306(to)-295(use)-295(a)-295(human)-294(metaphor,)-306(the)-295(purpose)-295(of)-295(a)-295(holy)-295(God)-294(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-308(been)-308(his)-308(elevation.)-425(Yet)-308(this)-308(involves)-308(the)-308(possibility)-308(of)-308(his)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +782 0 obj << +/Length 4827 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(166)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(moral)-313(degradation.)-437(This)-313(degradation)-312(has)-313(also)-313(become)-312(a)-313(fact.)-437(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-277(clear,)-284(therefore,)-284(that)-277(the)-278(difficulty)-277(is)-277(one)-277(which)-277(is)-277(inseparable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-270(every)-269(possible)-270(form)-269(of)-270(theistic)-269(belief,)-275(and)-269(is)-270(no)-269(peculiarity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(Christianity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([187])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -16.004 Td 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[(believes)-330(that)-330(it)-329(is)-330(within)-330(the)-330(compass,)-349(even)-330(of)-330(omnipotence,)-349(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(work)-300(contradictions.)-400(If)-300(this)-300(be)-301(so,)-312(it)-300(follows)-300(that)-300(the)-300(possibility)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-405(the)-404(existence)-405(of)-405(moral)-404(evil)-405(is)-405(a)-404(necessary)-405(condition)-405(of)-404(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence)-318(of)-318(free)-318(agency.)-454(The)-318(production)-318(of)-318(a)-318(free)-318(moral)-318(agent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capable)-395(of)-394(yielding)-395(a)-394(willing)-394(obedience)-395(to)-394(the)-395(moral)-394(law)-395(is)-394(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-257(glorious)-256(work)-257(than)-257(anything)-256(in)-257(the)-257(material)-256(universe,)-258(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-275(that)-275(universe)-275(itself.)-325(It)-275(might,)-281(therefore,)-281(have)-275(been)-275(the)-275(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(In)-400(reply)-400(to)-400(the)-400(definite)-401(statements)-400(before)-400(us,)-437(I)-800(affirm)-400(that)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -84.711 0 Td [([188])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(nowhere)-257(in)-258(the)-257(Gospels,)-259(or)-258(in)-257(any)-258(other)-257(portion)-257(of)-258(the)-257(New)-257(Tes-)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +787 0 obj << +/Length 4934 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(167)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(tament)-223(is)-223(it)-223(asserted)-223(or)-223(even)-223(implied)-223(that)-223(revelation)-223(was)-222(rendered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessary)-264(by)-265(the)-264(frustration)-264(of)-264(the)-265(divine)-264(purpose)-264(in)-265(creation,)-267(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-182(redemption)-183(was)-182(a)-182(kind)-183(of)-182(afterthought)-182(in)-183(the)-182(divine)-182(mind)-182(ren-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dered)-278(necessary)-278(by)-278(such)-278(a)-278(failure.)-334(On)-278(the)-278(contrary,)-285(the)-277(synoptic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Gospels)-204(make)-204(no)-205(affirmation)-204(whatever)-204(on)-204(the)-205(subject.)-234(The)-204(fourth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gospel)-327(contains)-327(several)-328(statements)-327(about)-327(the)-327(end)-327(and)-327(purposes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-431(the)-431(Incarnation,)-476(but)-431(of)-431(a)-431(description)-431(totally)-431(different)-430(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-301(which)-300(are)-301(alleged)-300(in)-301(the)-300(above)-301(quotation)-300(to)-301(constitute)-300(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(groundwork)-200(of)-199(Christianity.)-233(As)-200(I)-199(have)-200(already)-199(shown,)-210(the)-199(Gospel)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-210(St.)-237(John)-210(speaks)-210(of)-210(its)-210(great)-210(purpose)-210(as)-210(being)-210(a)-210(revelation)-209(of)-210(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-262(character)-262(of)-263(God)-262(in)-262(the)-262(person)-262(of)-263(Jesus)-262(Christ.)-286(According)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-315(its)-316(theology)-315(God)-316(has)-315(already)-315(manifested)-316(himself)-315(in)-315(creation;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-323(the)-323(Gospel)-322(He)-323(makes)-323(a)-323(stil)1(l)-323(higher)-323(and)-323(nobler)-322(manifestation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-288(His)-289(moral)-288(character)-288(in)-289(the)-288(person)-288(of)-289(our)-288(Lord.)-365(The)-288(author)-288(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-366(first)-365(Epistle)-366(ascribed)-365(to)-366(St.)-596(John,)-395(whom)-365(I)-365(must)-366(assume)-365(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-308(been)-307(the)-308(author)-307(of)-308(the)-308(Gospel,)-322(makes)-307(the)-308(following)-307(direct)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirmation)-247(on)-248(the)-247(subject.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 117.768 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(That)-247(which)-248(was)-247(from)-248(the)-247(beginning,)]TJ -122.612 -13.549 Td [(which)-263(we)-263(have)-263(heard,)-266(which)-263(we)-263(have)-263(seen)-263(with)-262(our)-263(eyes,)-266(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-310(have)-310(looked)-310(upon,)-325(and)-310(our)-310(hands)-310(have)-310(handled)-310(of)-310(the)-309(word)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-392(life;)-462(for)-392(the)-391(life)-392(was)-392(manifested,)-427(and)-391(we)-392(have)-392(seen)-391(it,)-427(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bear)-235(witness,)-238(and)-235(show)-236(unto)-235(you)-235(that)-235(eternal)-235(life)-235(which)-235(was)-235(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-258(Father)-258(and)-258(was)-257(manifested)-258(unto)-258(us;)-262(that)-258(which)-258(we)-258(have)-257(seen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-235(heard)-236(declare)-235(we)-235(unto)-236(you,)-238(that)-235(ye)-236(also)-235(may)-235(have)-235(fellowship)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-272(us:)-293(and)-271(truly)-272(our)-271(fellowship)-272(is)-272(with)-271(the)-272(Father)-271(and)-272(with)-271(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(or)-334(that)-334(it)-334(was)-334(the)-334(purpose)-334(of)-334(the)-334(Incarnation)-334(to)-333(mend)-334(a)-334(marred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scheme.)-421(On)-307(the)-307(contrary,)-322(the)-307(great)-307(truth)-307(set)-307(forth)-307(in)-307(the)-307(Epistle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-228(in)-228(the)-228(Gospel)-229(is)-228(that)-228(Creation)-228(and)-228(Redemption)-228(form)-228(portions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-322(one)-321(great)-322(whole;)-357(and)-322(that)-322(the)-321(latter)-322(is)-321(a)-322(manifestation)-322(of)-321(the)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +791 0 obj << +/Length 5319 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(168)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(divine)-273(glories)-272(beyond)-273(God's)-272(previous)-272(manifestations)-273(of)-272(himself,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whether)-250(in)-250(creation)-250(or)-250(in)-250(history.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Similar)-284(are)-284(the)-284(views)-284(of)-284(the)-284(Apostle)-284(Paul.)-352(According)-284(to)-284(him,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(while)-435(many)-435(other)-436(purposes)-435(were)-435(effected)-435(by)-435(the)-435(Incarnation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-275(is)-276(one)-275(great)-276(purpose)-275(running)-275(through)-276(all)-275(divine)-275(revelation.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(In)-312(several)-312(passages)-312(he)-312(affirms)-312(that)-312(its)-312(influence)-312(extends)-312(far)-312(be-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yond)-246(that)-246(which)-246(it)-247(exerts)-246(on)-246(the)-246(race)-246(of)-246(man.)-249(He)-246(again)-246(and)-246(again)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(asserts)-354(that)-354(it)-354(was)-355(the)-354(gradual)-354(unfolding)-354(of)-354(an)-354(idea)-354(or)-354(purpose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-290(existed)-289(from)-290(eternity)-290(in)-290(the)-289(divine)-290(mind.)-369(Thus)-290(he)-289(writes:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(And)-274(to)-273(make)-274(all)-273(men)-274(see)-274(what)-273(is)-274(the)-274(fellowship)-273(of)-274(the)-273(mystery)]TJ -4.844 -13.55 Td [(which)-394(from)-395(the)-394(beginning)-395(of)-394(the)-394(world)-395(hath)-394(been)-395(hid)-394(in)-394(God)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-394(created)-393(all)-394(things)-393(by)-394(Jesus)-393(Christ,)-429(to)-394(the)-393(intent)-394(that)-393(now)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unto)-334(the)-334(principalities)-334(and)-334(powers)-334(in)-334(heavenly)-334(places)-334(might)-333(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(known)-231(by)-230(the)-231(Church)-231(the)-230(manifold)-231(wisdom)-231(of)-230(God,)-235(according)-230(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-226(eternal)-225(purpose)-226(which)-226(he)-225(purposed)-226(in)-226(Christ)-225(Jesus)-226(our)-225(Lord.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 275.786 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.55 Td [(\050Eph.)-545(iii.)-545(and)-348(ix.\051)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 87.995 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Having)-348(made)-349(known)-348(to)-348(us)-349(the)-348(mystery)-348(of)]TJ -92.839 -13.549 Td [(His)-277(will,)-284(according)-277(to)-277(His)-277(good)-277(pleasure,)-283(which)-277(He)-277(purposed)-277(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Himself,)-221(that)-215(in)-214(the)-214(dispensation)-215(of)-214(the)-214(fulness)-215(of)-214(times)-214(He)-214(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gather)-298(in)-298(one)-298(all)-298(things)-298(in)-298(Christ,)-310(both)-298(which)-298(are)-298(in)-298(heaven)-298(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-259(earth,)-262(even)-260(in)-259(Him.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 95.576 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.673 0 Td [(\050Eph.)-278(i.)-279(9,)-261(10.\051)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 67.109 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(And)-259(having)-260(made)-259(peace)]TJ -175.202 -13.55 Td [(by)-352(the)-353(blood)-352(of)-352(His)-353(cross,)-378(by)-352(Him)-352(to)-353(reconcile)-352(all)-352(things)-352(unto)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(Nor)-300(are)-300(the)-300(views)-301(of)-300(the)-300(other)-300(writers)-300(of)-300(the)-300(New)-301(Testament)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(different.)-612(St.)-612(Peter)-370(tells)-371(us)-371(that)-370(the)-371(angels)-371(desire)-370(to)-371(look)-370(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-374(redemption)-374(wrought)-375(by)-374(Christ.)-622(St.)-623(James)-374(assures)-374(us)-374(that,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(known)-314(unto)-313(God)-314(are)-314(all)-313(His)-314(works)-314(from)-313(the)-314(foundation)-314(of)-313(the)]TJ -4.844 -13.549 Td [(world.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 28.178 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.349 0 Td [(The)-321(author)-322(of)-321(the)-321(Epistle)-322(to)-321(the)-321(Hebrews)-322(speaks)-321(to)-321(the)]TJ -36.527 -13.55 Td [(same)-322(effect:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 58.098 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(God,)-340(who)-322(at)-323(sundry)-322(times)-322(and)-322(in)-323(divers)-322(manners)]TJ -62.942 -13.549 Td [(spake)-275(in)-276(times)-275(past)-275(unto)-276(the)-275(fathers)-275(in)-276(\050by\051)-275(the)-275(prophets,)-282(hath)-275(in)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +795 0 obj << +/Length 4921 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(169)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(these)-250(last)-251(days)-250(spoken)-250(unto)-250(us)-251(in)-250(His)-250(Son.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 182.75 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.574 0 Td [(So)-250(far)-251(from)-250(its)-250(being)]TJ -190.324 -13.549 Td [(the)-290(idea)-289(of)-290(the)-290(sacred)-289(writers)-290(that)-290(redemption)-289(is)-290(an)-289(afterthought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(designed)-192(to)-193(remedy)-192(the)-193(failure)-192(of)-193(the)-192(original)-193(purpose)-192(of)-192(creation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-339(both)-340(of)-339(them)-340(are)-339(viewed)-339(as)-340(parts)-339(of)-340(the)-339(same)-339(whole;)-384(both)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(are)-339(purposes)-340(which)-339(have)-340(existed)-339(in)-340(the)-339(divine)-340(mind)-339(during)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eternal)-293(ages,)-303(and)-293(have)-292(been)-293(gradually)-292(evolved)-293(in)-293(time.)-377(Nothing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-209(further)-208(from)-209(their)-209(mind)-209(than)-208(that)-209(the)-209(divine)-208(mode)-209(of)-209(working)-208(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-282(fits)-282(or)-281(starts,)-290(or)-282(sudden)-282(interventions.)-345(Man)-282(was)-282(the)-282(last)-281(form)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-211(li)1(fe)-211(which)-210(God)-211(has)-210(introduced)-211(into)-210(the)-211(world,)-218(and)-211(in)-210(that)-210(sense)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(He)-364(is)-363(said)-364(to)-363(have)-364(rested)-363(from)-364(His)-363(creative)-364(work.)-590(But)-364(God)-363(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-248(less)-248(distinctly)-248(affirmed)-248(to)-248(be)-248(always)-248(working)-248(in)-248(nature)-248(and)-247(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(providence,)-235(so)-230(that)-231(Sabbath)-231(days)-230(form)-231(no)-230(exception:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 230.245 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(My)-231(Father)]TJ -235.089 -13.549 Td [(worketh)-250(hitherto)-250(and)-250(I)-250(work.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 125.127 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -113.171 -18.459 Td [(Such)-391(being)-391(the)-391(views)-391(of)-391(the)-391(writers)-391(of)-391(the)-391(New)-391(Testament)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(on)-291(this)-290(subject,)-301(the)-290(whole)-291(of)-290(those)-291(objections,)-300(as)-291(far)-290(as)-291(they)-290(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(founded)-206(on)-206(the)-206(assertion)-207(that)-206(revelation)-206(is)-206(intended)-206(to)-206(remedy)-206(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(failure)-268(of)-267(God's)-268(creative)-268(purpose,)-272(fall)-267(to)-268(the)-268(ground.)-303(My)-267(present)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supposition)-654(is)-328(that)-327(I)-327(am)-327(reasoning)-327(with)-327(believers)-328(in)-327(theism.)-481(If)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([191])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(God)-232(has)-232(gradually)-232(evolved)-232(creation,)-236(each)-232(successive)-232(stage)-232(of)-232(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evolution)-350(forms)-349(a)-350(part)-349(of)-350(one)-350(great)-349(and)-350(comprehensive)-349(whole.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(At)-313(each)-313(stage)-312(the)-313(work)-313(is)-313(incomplete,)-328(but)-313(its)-313(incompleteness)-312(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(no)-238(proof)-239(of)-238(failure.)-246(A)-238(period)-239(has)-238(existed)-238(when)-239(the)-238(only)-238(beings)-238(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-318(world)-318(were)-317(devoid)-318(of)-318(rationality.)-453(If)-318(an)-318(objector)-318(could)-317(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contemplated)-305(it)-304(in)-305(this)-305(stage,)-318(he)-305(might)-305(have)-304(urged)-305(that)-305(the)-304(plan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-243(creation)-243(was)-243(a)-243(failure,)-244(while)-243(in)-243(reality)-243(it)-243(was)-243(only)-242(incomplete.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Man)-212(came)-213(in)-212(at)-212(the)-213(next)-212(stage)-212(of)-213(the)-212(great)-212(design.)-238(The)-212(next)-212(stage,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(according)-340(to)-340(the)-340(New)-340(Testament,)-363(is)-340(the)-340(Incarnation)-340(of)-340(the)-340(Son)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-308(God,)-321(intended)-308(as)-307(a)-308(higher)-307(manifestation)-308(of)-307(the)-308(moral)-307(glories)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-311(the)-311(Creator)-310(for)-311(the)-311(purpose)-311(of)-311(raising)-310(man)-311(to)-311(a)-311(higher)-310(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-280(spiritual)-281(elevation.)-341(To)-281(the)-280(attainment)-281(of)-280(this)-281(purpose)-280(all)-280(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(previous)-391(events)-392(in)-391(man's)-392(history)-391(have)-392(been)-391(made)-391(subservient.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Surely)-273(those)-273(persons)-273(with)-274(whom)-273(I)-273(am)-273(reasoning)-273(ought)-273(to)-273(be)-273(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(last)-317(to)-317(object)-317(that)-317(there)-317(is)-317(anything)-317(inconsistent)-317(with)-317(the)-316(divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character)-418(in)-417(such)-418(a)-417(gradual)-417(unfolding)-418(of)-417(the)-418(divine)-417(purposes.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +799 0 obj << +/Length 4663 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(170)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(We)-279(might)-278(as)-279(well)-278(object)-278(that)-279(every)-278(advancing)-279(stage)-278(of)-279(the)-278(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(design)-266(of)-267(Creation)-266(was)-267(introduced)-266(to)-266(remedy)-267(a)-266(preceding)-266(defect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-387(assert)-387(that)-386(Christianity)-387(originated)-387(in)-387(this)-386(cause.)-661(The)-386(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-274(in)-273(a)-274(most)-273(unfinished)-274(state)-273(when)-274(it)-273(was)-274(only)-273(tenanted)-274(by)-273(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lower)-290(forms)-290(of)-290(life,)-301(and)-290(great)-290(fault)-290(might)-290(have)-290(been)-290(found)-290(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-242(construction.)-247(But)-242(a)-242(higher)-242(came,)-244(and)-242(a)-242(higher,)-244(then)-242(man,)-243(then)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christ)-321(our)-322(Lord,)-339(the)-321(second)-322(Adam,)-339(as)-321(St.)-465(Paul)-321(designates)-321(him,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(from)-206(heaven)-206(heavenly.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 98.709 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.093 0 Td [(Whatever)-206(may)-206(have)-207(been)-206(the)-206(assertions)]TJ -110.646 -13.549 Td [(of)-309(certain)-310(classes)-309(of)-310(theologians)-309(who)-309(have)-310(attempted)-309(to)-309(fathom)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-416(divine)-415(mind)-416(by)-416(their)-416(own)-415(short)-416(sounding)-416(line,)-457(the)-415(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(writers)-304(take)-303(no)-304(narrow)-304(view)-303(of)-304(the)-304(purposes)-303(of)-304(the)-303(Incarnation.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-304(is)-304(declared)-303(that)-304(they)-304(will)-304(be)-304(realized)-303(in)-304(the)-304(yet)-304(distant)-303(future,)]TJ 3.566 -13.549 Td [(towards)-312(which)-311(consummation)-312(they)-311(are)-312(gradually)-311(being)-312(carried)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -76.322 0 Td [([192])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(out)-250(in)-250(time.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-361(follows,)-388(therefore,)-388(that)-361(the)-360(New)-361(Testament)-360(affirms)-361(that)-360(a)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(purpose)-322(is)-321(consistently)-322(carried)-321(out)-321(in)-322(the)-321(history)-322(of)-321(redemption)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(far)-314(different)-314(from)-314(that)-315(which)-314(has)-314(been)-314(here)-314(placed)-314(before)-314(us)-314(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-374(assumptions)-374(of)-374(Ecclesiastical)-374(Christianity.)-622(The)-374(author)-373(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(placed)-347(these)-347(in)-347(their)-347(most)-347(objectionable)-347(form;)-395(and)-347(if)-347(Christian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apologists)-254(have)-254(affirmed)-254(on)-253(such)-254(premises)-254(as)-254(those)-254(above)-253(stated)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-286(a)-286(divine)-286(interposition)-285(was)-286(rendered)-286(probable,)-295(I)-286(shall)-286(not)-285(at-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tempt)-218(to)-218(defend)-217(them.)-240(To)-217(establish)-218(the)-218(probability)-218(of)-218(a)-217(revelation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(additional)-351(to)-351(that)-350(afforded)-351(by)-351(creation)-350(we)-351(have)-351(no)-351(occasion)-350(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(appeal)-250(to)-250(theories,)-250(but)-250(to)-250(facts.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-274(existing)-273(moral)-274(and)-273(spiritual)-274(condition)-274(of)-273(mankind)-274(is)-273(uni-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(versally)-202(admitted)-201(to)-202(be)-202(imperfect.)-234(Both)-201(believers)-202(and)-201(unbelievers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-267(revelation)-267(alike)-267(acknowledge)-268(that)-267(the)-267(attempt)-267(to)-267(improve)-267(it)-267(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(desirable.)-243(No)-230(less)-230(certain)-230(is)-229(it)-230(that)-230(man)-230(possesses)-230(faculties)-229(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-260(only)-260(receive)-261(their)-260(perfect)-260(development)-260(in)-260(a)-260(higher)-260(condition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-214(things)-214(than)-213(the)-214(present.)-238(These)-214(as)-214(much)-213(point)-214(to)-214(a)-214(higher)-213(devel-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(opment)-263(of)-263(man)-264(as)-263(the)-263(organization)-263(of)-264(the)-263(lower)-263(forms)-263(of)-263(animal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life)-394(points)-393(to)-394(the)-393(higher)-394(and)-393(more)-394(perfect)-393(ones.)-681(If,)-429(therefore,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(God)-310(be)-310(the)-310(Creator)-310(and)-310(moral)-310(Governor)-310(of)-310(the)-310(world,)-325(a)-310(further)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(manifestation)-250(of)-250(Him)-250(is)-250(rendered)-250(highly)-250(probable.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +803 0 obj << +/Length 4705 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(171)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -252.311 -30.759 Td [(This)-465(probability)-465(may)-465(be)-466(reasoned)-465(out)-465(by)-465(analogies)-465(in)-465(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(history)-251(of)-250(the)-251(past.)-252(Higher)-250(developments)-251(from)-250(lower)-251(forms)-250(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-210(the)-210(rule.)-237(Are)-210(they)-210(then)-210(to)-210(cease)-210(with)-210(man)-210(in)-210(his)-210(present)-210(state)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-307(imperfection?)-422(How)-307(man)-308(came)-307(to)-307(be)-307(thus)-308(imperfect,)-321(how)-307(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(moral)-329(degradation)-328(has)-329(originated,)-348(is)-329(a)-329(question)-328(which)-329(does)-328(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fall)-269(within)-270(the)-269(present)-270(argument.)-308(It)-269(is)-270(a)-269(fact,)-275(by)-269(whatever)-269(theory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-288(may)-289(be)-288(attempted)-288(to)-288(be)-289(accounted)-288(for.)-364(If)-289(a)-288(rational)-288(being)-288(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existed)-217(in)-435(those)-217(ages)-217(during)-217(which)-218(there)-217(was)-217(manifested)-217(nothing)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([193])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(but)-433(the)-434(lower)-433(forms)-433(of)-433(life,)-479(and)-434(had)-433(come)-433(to)-433(the)-433(conclusion)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-338(the)-339(world)-338(as)-339(it)-338(then)-338(existed)-339(was)-338(the)-338(work)-339(of)-338(an)-338(intelligent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Creator,)-363(he)-341(would)-341(have)-341(pronounced)-340(it)-341(highly)-341(probable)-341(that)-340(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resources)-341(of)-340(creative)-341(power)-340(would)-341(yet)-341(receive)-340(a)-341(more)-340(glorious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(manifestation.)-277(When)-259(vertebrate)-259(life)-259(was)-259(first)-259(introduced)-259(into)-259(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world,)-363(a)-340(careful)-340(examination)-340(of)-340(the)-340(state)-340(of)-340(things)-340(would)-340(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(led)-359(to)-360(a)-359(similar)-359(conclusion.)-578(But)-359(the)-360(lower)-359(forms)-359(of)-359(vertebrate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life)-236(are)-235(typical)-236(of)-236(the)-235(higher,)-239(and)-236(the)-235(higher)-236(point)-236(to)-235(man.)-245(Before)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-390(entered)-390(the)-390(world)-389(a)-390(being)-390(capable)-390(of)-390(comprehending)-389(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(condition)-365(of)-364(things)-365(as)-364(then)-365(existing)-365(would)-364(have)-365(pronounced)-364(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(highly)-206(probable)-207(that)-206(there)-206(would)-206(be)-206(yet)-207(a)-206(further)-206(manifestation)-206(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(creative)-226(energy,)-230(and)-226(that)-225(the)-226(work)-226(required)-225(for)-226(its)-225(consummation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(production)-250(of)-250(rationality.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(Such)-341(and)-341(far)-342(more)-341(numerous)-341(have)-341(been)-342(the)-341(actual)-341(stages)-341(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(creative)-355(action.)-565(Are)-355(we)-355(entitled)-355(to)-355(call)-355(them)-355(a)-355(failure)-354(because)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-347(were)-347(relatively)-347(imperfect,)-371(or)-347(any)-347(fresh)-347(intervention)-347(of)-347(di-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vine)-260(power)-260(an)-260(interference)-261(to)-260(remedy)-260(a)-260(previous)-260(failure?)-280(On)-260(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contrary,)-238(these)-235(so-called)-235(interventions)-235(are)-235(the)-235(persistent)-234(carrying)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(out)-290(of)-290(a)-290(determined)-291(purpose.)-370(The)-290(acts)-290(of)-290(Deity)-290(are)-290(inaccurately)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(designated)-359(interventions.)-576(He)-359(is)-358(always)-359(working)-359(with)-359(the)-358(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perfect)-208(knowledge)-208(of)-209(the)-208(means)-208(which)-208(He)-208(employs,)-217(and)-208(the)-208(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perfect)-261(controul)-261(over)-261(them.)-283(Failure)-261(with)-261(Him)-261(is)-261(impossible.)-283(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(word)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 25.053 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(intervention)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 52.723 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.478 0 Td [(as)-242(applied)-241(to)-242(the)-241(operations)-241(of)-242(God)-241(conveys)]TJ -90.098 -13.549 Td [(the)-264(idea)-265(of)-264(a)-264(machine)-264(which)-265(He)-264(originally)-264(constructed,)-268(and)-264(then)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(left)-260(to)-261(its)-260(own)-260(operations.)-281(Such)-260(a)-260(machine)-260(will)-261(in)-260(course)-260(of)-260(time)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(get)-378(out)-378(of)-377(order,)-410(or)-378(perform)-378(its)-377(work)-378(imperfectly,)-410(and)-377(require)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +808 0 obj << +/Length 4721 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(172)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-326(be)-325(supplemented)-326(by)-325(additional)-326(contrivances.)-476(Thus)-326(when)-325(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(clock)-362(ceases)-362(to)-362(go)-362(there)-362(arises)-362(a)-362(necessity)-362(for)-362(the)-361(intervention)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-417(the)-417(clockmaker.)-752(He)-417(constructs)-835(his)-417(clock)-417(and)-417(leaves)-417(it)-417(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([194])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(itself.)-618(But)-373(creation)-372(is)-373(no)-373(mere)-372(machine;)-434(the)-373(Divine)-373(worker)-372(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(always)-355(present)-354(in)-355(His)-355(works.)-564(The)-355(last)-354(idea)-355(which)-355(would)-354(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occurred)-246(to)-246(the)-246(authors)-246(of)-245(the)-246(Bible)-246(was)-246(that)-246(God)-246(was)-246(obliged)-245(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-334(making)-334(a)-334(number)-334(of)-334(special)-334(interventions)-334(to)-334(cure)-334(defects)-334(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-267(results)-268(of)-267(His)-268(operations.)-302(As)-267(the)-268(Bible)-267(cannot)-268(help)-267(using)-267(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(language)-232(of)-232(man,)-236(expressions)-232(derived)-232(from)-232(the)-231(defects)-232(of)-232(human)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(language)-380(are)-380(at)-379(times)-380(used)-380(in)-380(it,)-412(but)-379(the)-380(one)-380(prevalent)-380(idea)-379(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-356(God)-356(is)-356(always)-356(present)-356(working)-356(in)-356(the)-356(kingdoms)-356(of)-356(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-257(of)-258(grace,)-259(that)-258(all)-257(His)-258(actions)-257(are)-258(the)-257(constant)-258(carrying)-257(out)-257(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-329(predetermined)-329(purpose,)-348(and)-329(that)-328(with)-329(Him)-329(is)-329(no)-328(variableness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(neither)-250(shadow)-250(of)-250(turning.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(If)-418(the)-419(possibility)-418(of)-419(the)-418(introduction)-419(of)-418(moral)-419(evil)-418(into)-418(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(universe)-284(is)-283(a)-284(necessary)-284(condition)-283(of)-284(the)-284(creation)-283(of)-284(a)-284(free)-283(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(agent,)-350(or)-330(in)-330(other)-329(words,)-350(if)-330(the)-330(contrary)-330(supposition)-330(involves)-329(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contradiction,)-381(the)-356(Creator)-355(must)-355(have)-355(viewed)-355(the)-355(production)-355(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-381(a)-380(free)-381(agent)-380(as)-381(so)-381(desirable,)-413(that)-380(it)-381(formed)-381(a)-380(part)-381(of)-380(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purpose)-364(to)-364(create)-364(him)-365(notwithstanding)-364(this)-364(possibility.)-592(If)-364(then)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(moral)-310(evil)-310(became)-310(a)-309(fact,)-325(it)-310(involved)-310(no)-310(failure)-310(in)-310(the)-309(purposes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-345(God.)-533(He)-345(must)-344(have)-345(viewed)-345(the)-344(existence)-345(of)-344(such)-345(beings)-344(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(desirable,)-368(even)-344(if)-344(this)-344(contingency)-344(became)-344(a)-344(fact.)-532(Why,)-368(I)-343(ask,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-297(not)-296(a)-297(further)-297(manifestation)-296(of)-297(Himself,)-308(by)-297(means)-297(of)-296(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-264(evil)-264(might)-264(be)-264(reduced)-264(to)-264(the)-264(smallest)-264(dimensions,)-267(or)-264(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ultimately)-447(removed,)-496(while)-446(freedom)-447(is)-447(still)-447(preserved,)-496(form)-446(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(portion)-282(of)-282(the)-283(same)-282(great)-282(purpose)-282(of)-282(the)-282(divine)-283(mind?)-346(If)-282(this)-282(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possible,)-297(the)-287(assertion)-288(that)-287(Redemption)-288(is)-287(a)-288(special)-287(intervention)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(God)-324(for)-324(the)-323(purpose)-324(of)-324(remedying)-324(the)-324(breaking)-324(down)-324(of)-323(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(creative)-248(plan,)-249(is)-248(disproved,)-248(and)-248(with)-248(it)-248(all)-248(the)-248(other)-248(inferences)-248(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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The Objection That The Defenders Of Christianity Assume Certain Facts The Truth Of Which Can Only Be Known By Revelation, And Then Reason From Those Facts To The Truth Of The Bible, Considered.) +% 756 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 757 0 R +/Resources 755 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 750 0 R +>> +% 752 0 obj +<< +/D [756 0 R /XYZ 93.543 529.134 null] +>> +% 755 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R /F20 15 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 759 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 760 0 R +/Resources 758 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 750 0 R +>> +% 761 0 obj +<< +/D [759 0 R /XYZ 189.991 518.175 null] +>> +% 762 0 obj +<< +/D [759 0 R /XYZ 260.896 120.339 null] +>> +% 758 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R /F20 15 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 764 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 765 0 R +/Resources 763 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 750 0 R +>> +% 766 0 obj +<< +/D [764 0 R /XYZ 163.925 190.54 null] +>> +% 763 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R /F20 15 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 768 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 769 0 R +/Resources 767 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 750 0 R +>> +% 770 0 obj +<< +/D [768 0 R /XYZ 262.396 269.38 null] +>> +% 767 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 772 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 773 0 R +/Resources 771 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 750 0 R +>> +% 774 0 obj +<< +/D [772 0 R /XYZ 302.434 340.399 null] +>> +% 771 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 776 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 777 0 R +/Resources 775 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 779 0 R +>> +% 778 0 obj +<< +/D [776 0 R /XYZ 126.725 409.782 null] +>> +% 775 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 781 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 782 0 R +/Resources 780 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 779 0 R +>> +% 783 0 obj +<< +/D [781 0 R /XYZ 93.543 475.149 null] +>> +% 784 0 obj +<< +/D [781 0 R /XYZ 321.82 79.691 null] +>> +% 780 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 786 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 787 0 R +/Resources 785 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 779 0 R +>> +% 788 0 obj +<< +/D [786 0 R /XYZ 142.834 152.347 null] +>> +% 785 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R /F20 15 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 790 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 791 0 R +/Resources 789 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 779 0 R +>> +% 792 0 obj +<< +/D [790 0 R /XYZ 298.495 231.187 null] +>> +% 789 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R /F20 15 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 794 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 795 0 R +/Resources 793 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 779 0 R +>> +% 796 0 obj +<< +/D [794 0 R /XYZ 100.653 282.929 null] +>> +% 793 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R /F20 15 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 798 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 799 0 R +/Resources 797 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 779 0 R +>> +% 800 0 obj +<< +/D [798 0 R /XYZ 93.543 355.585 null] +>> +% 797 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R /F20 15 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 802 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 803 0 R +/Resources 801 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 805 0 R +>> +% 804 0 obj +<< +/D [802 0 R /XYZ 90.904 423.331 null] +>> +% 801 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R /F20 15 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 807 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 808 0 R +/Resources 806 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 805 0 R +>> +% 809 0 obj +<< +/D [807 0 R /XYZ 252.939 491.077 null] +>> +% 810 0 obj +<< +/D [807 0 R /XYZ 93.543 106.866 null] +>> +% 806 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 812 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 813 0 R +/Resources 811 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 805 0 R +>> +% 814 0 obj +<< +/D [812 0 R /XYZ 65.806 160.986 null] +>> +% 811 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R /F20 15 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 816 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 817 0 R +/Resources 815 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 805 0 R +>> +% 818 0 obj +<< +/D [816 0 R /XYZ 259.001 231.187 null] +>> +% 815 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R /F20 15 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 820 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 821 0 R +/Resources 819 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 805 0 R +>> +% 822 0 obj +<< +/D [820 0 R /XYZ 129.245 299.751 null] +>> +% 819 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R /F20 15 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 824 0 obj +<< +/Type /Page +/Contents 825 0 R +/Resources 823 0 R +/MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] +/Parent 805 0 R +>> +% 826 0 obj +<< +/D [824 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] +>> +% 823 0 obj +<< +/Font << /F16 7 0 R >> +/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] +>> +% 827 0 obj +<< /S /GoTo /D (index10) >> +% 830 0 obj +(Chapter IX. 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[(his)-290(art)-289(for)-290(the)-289(purpose)-290(of)-289(establishing)-290(an)-289(influence)-290(over)-289(Sergius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Paulus,)-454(but)-413(for)-413(aught)-413(that)-413(appears)-413(he)-413(was)-413(a)-413(simple)-413(impostor.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(All)-464(the)-464(other)-464(cases)-463(of)-464(Satanic)-464(supernaturalism)-464(referred)-464(to)-463(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-317(Gospels)-316(resolve)-317(themselves)-317(into)-316(cases)-317(of)-317(possession,)-333(or)-316(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occasional)-250(production)-250(of)-250(a)-250(disease.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-286(is)-285(further)-286(to)-285(be)-286(observed)-285(that)-286(nowhere)-285(throughout)-286(the)-285(New)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Testament)-353(is)-353(a)-353(miracle,)-379(properly)-353(so)-353(called,)-379(ascribed)-353(to)-353(Satanic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action.)-710(Possession)-403(is)-404(a)-403(phenomenon)-403(entirely)-404(different)-403(from)-403(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(counteracting)-217(the)-217(force)-217(of)-216(gravitation)-217(by)-217(transporting)-217(the)-217(body)-216(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-256(Lord)-257(from)-256(place)-257(to)-256(place.)-269(As)-257(this)-256(is)-256(the)-257(one)-256(solitary)-256(instance)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-294(the)-295(New)-294(Testament)-295(in)-294(which)-295(such)-294(power)-295(is)-294(ascribed)-295(to)-588(him,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([205])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(it)-321(demands)-322(especial)-321(consideration.)-464(We)-321(are)-322(told)-321(that)-321(during)-321(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(period)-395(of)-394(his)-395(temptation)-394(our)-394(Lord)-395(was)-394(carried)-395(by)-394(Satan)-395(to)-394(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exceeding)-382(high)-383(mountain;)-448(and)-383(again,)-415(that)-383(he)-382(was)-383(placed)-382(on)-382(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pinnacle)-332(of)-331(the)-332(temple.)-495(These)-332(acts)-332(involve)-331(such)-332(an)-332(exercise)-331(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(supernatural)-289(power)-290(as)-289(may)-289(justly)-290(be)-289(put)-289(in)-290(comparison)-289(with)-289(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(walking)-407(on)-408(the)-407(water.)-722(It)-407(becomes)-408(therefore)-407(a)-407(very)-407(important)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(question)-268(whether)-268(this)-269(account)-268(is)-268(intended)-268(to)-269(be)-268(taken)-268(as)-268(a)-268(literal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(narrative.)-690(The)-396(fact)-397(of)-396(its)-397(being)-396(the)-397(only)-396(recorded)-397(instance)-396(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-389(kind)-389(affords)-389(a)-389(contrary)-388(presumption,)-424(for)-389(if)-389(the)-389(writers)-388(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(believed)-427(that)-426(there)-427(was)-427(nothing)-427(in)-426(such)-427(interference)-427(with)-426(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physical)-299(forces)-300(inconsistent)-299(with)-300(the)-299(ordinary)-300(course)-299(of)-299(Satanic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action)-274(it)-273(is)-274(hardly)-273(possible)-274(that)-273(they)-274(could)-273(have)-274(viewed)-273(this)-274(as)-273(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solitary)-281(instance)-281(of)-281(the)-281(exercise)-281(of)-281(such)-281(power,)-288(especially)-281(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-390(case)-389(of)-390(the)-390(demoniacs)-390(afforded)-389(so)-390(many)-390(opportunities)-389(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(its)-410(manifestation.)-731(It)-410(is)-410(clear)-410(from)-411(the)-410(narrative)-410(itself)-410(that)-410(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-327(source)-327(of)-327(information)-327(regarding)-327(the)-327(temptation)-327(must)-327(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-266(an)-267(account)-266(given)-266(by)-266(our)-267(Lord)-266(himself)-266(to)-267(his)-266(disciples,)-270(as)-266(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-248(an)-249(occurrence)-248(of)-248(which)-248(there)-248(could)-249(have)-248(been)-248(no)-248(witnesses.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Otherwise)-219(it)-219(must)-219(be)-219(assumed)-219(to)-219(be)-219(a)-219(mere)-219(fiction.)-240(It)-218(is)-219(also)-219(clear)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-267(the)-268(three)-267(temptations)-267(into)-267(which)-267(the)-268(narrative)-267(is)-267(divided)-267(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intended)-277(to)-277(describe)-278(three)-277(great)-277(crises)-277(through)-277(which)-277(our)-277(Lord's)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mind)-305(passed.)-415(According)-305(to)-305(Mark's)-305(account)-305(he)-305(is)-305(represented)-305(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(undergoing)-351(temptations)-352(during)-351(the)-351(whole)-352(period)-351(of)-351(forty)-351(days.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Matthew)-183(and)-182(Luke)-183(present)-182(us)-182(with)-183(the)-182(general)-183(results)-182(of)-183(the)-182(entire)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(temptation.)-591(If)-364(our)-363(Lord)-364(gave)-364(an)-363(account)-364(of)-364(it)-363(to)-364(his)-363(disciples,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(there)-400(can)-399(be)-400(no)-399(reason)-400(why)-400(he)-399(should)-400(not)-399(have)-400(embodied)-399(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(results)-289(in)-289(a)-289(narrative)-290(form,)-298(as)-290(is)-289(the)-289(course)-289(which)-289(he)-289(adopted)-289(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-372(parables.)-615(If)-372(the)-372(parables)-372(were)-372(not)-372(usually)-372(introduced)-371(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-265(formula)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 53.643 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(he)-265(spake)-264(a)-265(parable,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 83.476 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.73 0 Td [(we)-265(might)-264(easily)-265(mistake)-265(them)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +859 0 obj << +/Length 4956 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(183)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(also)-336(for)-336(narratives)-335(of)-336(actual)-336(occurrences.)-1015(But)-336(although)-336(this)-335(is)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([206])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-318(usual)-319(form,)-335(it)-318(is)-319(not)-318(the)-318(only)-319(one,)-335(as)-318(appears)-319(in)-318(the)-318(parable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-336(Dives)-337(and)-336(Lazarus.)-509(It)-337(is)-336(therefore)-336(quite)-337(conceivable)-336(that)-336(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(giving)-339(his)-340(disciples)-339(an)-339(account)-340(of)-339(the)-339(crises)-340(through)-339(which)-339(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mind)-223(passed)-222(during)-223(the)-223(period)-222(of)-223(the)-223(temptation)-222(he)-223(may)-223(have)-222(put)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-268(into)-269(a)-268(parabolic)-268(form,)-273(of)-269(which)-268(himself)-268(was)-269(the)-268(centre,)-273(as)-268(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-217(would)-218(be)-217(most)-217(adapted)-217(to)-217(the)-218(level)-217(of)-217(their)-217(apprehensions;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(otherwise)-340(it)-340(would)-339(have)-340(assumed)-340(the)-339(character)-340(of)-340(a)-340(number)-339(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(the)-320(glory)-320(of)-320(them.)-459(The)-320(narrative)-320(of)-320(Luke)-320(adds)-320(that)-320(all)-320(this)-319(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(done)-321(in)-320(a)-321(moment)-321(of)-320(time,)-339(which)-320(shows)-321(clearly)-321(that)-320(it)-321(was)-320(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intended)-352(to)-353(be)-352(from)-353(one)-352(end)-352(to)-353(the)-352(other)-352(a)-353(literal)-352(statement)-352(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(facts.)-253(It)-250(is)-251(therefore)-251(absolutely)-251(necessary)-251(to)-251(assume)-251(the)-250(presence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-299(a)-299(visionary)-299(element)-299(somewhere;)-324(the)-299(only)-299(question)-299(is,)-311(where,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-329(to)-330(what)-329(extent?)-488(If)-329(we)-329(attach)-330(the)-329(meaning)-329(usually)-329(assigned)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-417(the)-417(writers)-418(in)-417(the)-417(New)-417(Testament)-418(to)-417(the)-417(word)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 232.148 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(world,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 28.178 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.395 0 Td [(it)]TJ -274.564 -13.549 Td [(is)-311(impossible)-312(to)-312(imagine)-311(that)-312(any)-311(amount)-312(of)-311(credulity)-312(can)-311(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believed)-187(that)-188(there)-187(was)-188(any)-187(mountain)-188(from)-187(whose)-188(top)-187(such)-188(a)-187(view)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(could)-390(have)-389(been)-390(attained)-390(by)-389(the)-390(unaided)-389(power)-390(of)-390(the)-389(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eye.)-344(But)-282(further,)-289(it)-282(is)-281(asserted)-282(not)-281(only)-282(that)-281(the)-281(kingdoms)-282(of)-281(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(world)-331(were)-332(rendered)-331(visible,)-352(but)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 148.872 0 Td [(their)-331(glory)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.252 0 Td [(;)-372(that)-332(is)-331(to)-332(say,)-351(the)]TJ -196.124 -13.549 Td [(spectator)-217(was)-216(able)-217(to)-216(see)-217(their)-216(great)-217(cities,)-223(their)-217(buildings,)-223(and)-216(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-297(signs)-296(of)-297(outward)-297(magnificence,)-308(for)-297(the)-296(sight)-297(of)-297(their)-296(glory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-480(obviously)-239(intended)-240(to)-240(add)-240(force)-239(to)-240(the)-240(temptation.)-247(Yet)-239(even)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.023 0 Td [([207])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(the)-244(most)-244(credulous)-244(people)-244(possess)-244(some)-244(moderately)-243(correct)-244(idea)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-278(to)-279(the)-278(extent)-279(of)-278(view)-279(which)-278(the)-279(eye)-278(can)-279(reach)-278(and)-279(would)-278(feel)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quite)-362(certain)-361(that)-362(without)-362(the)-361(interposition)-362(of)-361(a)-362(miracle)-362(such)-361(a)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +865 0 obj << +/Length 4656 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(184)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(survey)-250(in)-250(a)-250(moment)-250(of)-250(time)-250(would)-250(be)-250(impossible.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(It)-372(may)-372(probably)-372(be)-372(urged)-373(by)-372(some)-372(that)-372(the)-372(first)-372(part)-372(of)-372(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(account)-266(only)-266(is)-265(intended)-266(to)-266(be)-266(a)-265(description)-266(of)-266(an)-266(objective)-265(fact,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-340(that)-340(the)-340(last)-340(temptation)-340(was)-340(visionary.)-520(To)-340(this)-340(I)-340(reply)-340(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-271(entire)-270(narrative)-271(is)-270(couched)-271(in)-270(language)-271(of)-271(fact,)-275(and)-271(the)-270(latter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(portion)-399(quite)-399(as)-400(much)-399(so)-399(as)-399(the)-399(former.)-698(Besides,)-436(if)-399(the)-399(sight)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-384(the)-385(kingdoms)-384(of)-384(the)-385(world)-384(and)-384(their)-385(glory)-384(was)-384(a)-384(visionary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(is)-292(either)-291(parabolic)-292(or)-291(an)-292(account)-291(of)-292(a)-291(visionary)-292(transaction,)-301(pre-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cisely)-292(similar)-292(to)-292(many)-293(of)-292(those)-292(described)-292(in)-292(the)-292(Old)-292(Testament,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-294(not)-293(of)-294(an)-293(actual)-294(occurrence.)-380(This)-294(being)-293(so,)-305(we)-293(arrive)-294(at)-293(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inference)-186(that)-186(nowhere)-187(in)-186(the)-186(New)-186(Testament)-186(is)-186(Satanic)-186(influence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(described)-268(as)-267(interfering)-268(with)-267(the)-268(ordinary)-267(action)-268(of)-267(the)-268(forces)-267(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(nature,)-250(by)-250(a)-250(direct)-250(exertion)-250(of)-250(power.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(It)-280(may)-281(however)-280(be)-281(objected)-280(that)-281(there)-280(were)-281(probably)-280(reasons)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(why)-330(he)-330(was)-330(permitted)-331(to)-330(do)-330(so)-330(on)-330(this)-330(particular)-330(occasion;)-370(but)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-354(such)-354(a)-354(question)-354(I)-354(shall)-354(not)-354(enter.)-562(I)-354(shall)-354(only)-354(repeat)-354(that)-354(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-405(impossible)-404(to)-405(view)-404(the)-404(latter)-405(portion)-404(of)-405(the)-404(narrative)-405(as)-404(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(account)-210(of)-210(an)-210(objective)-420(fact;)-223(and)-210(this)-210(being)-210(the)-210(case)-210(it)-210(is)-210(far)-209(more)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([208])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(probable)-313(that)-314(the)-313(whole)-313(partakes)-313(of)-314(the)-313(same)-313(character.)-440(At)-313(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rate)-301(it)-302(is)-301(the)-302(single)-301(instance)-301(in)-302(the)-301(New)-301(Testament)-302(in)-301(which)-301(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possession)-250(of)-250(such)-250(power)-250(is)-250(ascribed)-250(to)-250(Satan.)]TJ 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[(The)-210(inference)-211(which)-210(the)-211(reader)-210(is)-210(allowed)-211(to)-210(draw)-211(is)-210(that)]TJ -37.139 -13.549 Td [(they)-250(must)-250(have)-250(been)-250(addicted)-250(to)-250(yet)-250(more)-250(gross)-250(credulity.)]TJ 11.955 -16.004 Td [(What)-325(were)-324(the)-325(reasons)-324(which)-325(induced)-324(Josephus,)-343(a)-325(man)-325(who)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(had)-220(seen)-220(the)-219(wide)-220(world,)-226(to)-220(relate)-220(this)-219(monstrous)-220(story)-220(I)-220(shall)-219(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inquire.)-247(One)-239(can)-240(hardly)-240(beli)1(eve)-240(that)-240(he)-239(was)-240(a)-240(dupe;)-243(his)-239(reporting)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(it,)-467(however,)-466(no)-424(more)-423(proves)-423(that)-424(such)-423(beliefs)-423(were)-423(universal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-257(he)-257(wrote,)-258(than)-257(the)-257(existence)-257(of)-257(a)-257(wide-spread)-256(spiritualistic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(but)-294(it)-293(belongs)-294(to)-293(an)-294(order)-294(of)-293(phenomena)-294(of)-293(an)-294(entirely)-293(different)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +877 0 obj << +/Length 4557 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(187)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(character.)-598(What,)-395(I)-365(ask,)-395(is)-366(the)-366(only)-366(legitimate)-366(inference?)-597(That)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-378(authors)-379(of)-378(the)-379(Gospels)-378(were)-379(free)-378(from)-379(the)-378(superstitions)-378(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(question.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(Before)-410(going)-410(further)-410(it)-410(will)-410(be)-410(necessary)-410(to)-410(ascertain)-410(what)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-304(the)-303(precise)-304(nature)-303(and)-304(character)-304(of)-303(that)-304(demoniacal)-303(supernat-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(uralism)-395(which)-395(is)-395(apparently)-396(asserted)-395(in)-395(the)-395(pages)-395(of)-395(the)-395(New)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(of)-343(imparting)-343(an)-344(unusual)-343(strength.)-529(These)-343(phenomena)-343(constitute)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(what)-324(is)-324(designated)-323(as)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 98.359 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(possession,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 49.396 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.376 0 Td [(and)-324(bear)-324(no)-323(inconsiderable)]TJ -160.975 -13.55 Td [(resemblance)-250(to)-250(different)-250(forms)-250(of)-250(insanity.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(But)-241(the)-241(New)-241(Testament)-241(also)-241(makes)-241(mention)-241(of)-241(lunacy)-241(as)-240(well)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(as)-191(possession.)-230(How)-191(far)-191(they)-191(were)-191(distinguishable)-191(from)-191(each)-190(other)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-224(have)-223(no)-224(sufficient)-224(data)-223(to)-224(enable)-224(us)-223(to)-224(determine.)-241(At)-224(one)-223(time)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-251(are)-251(spoken)-250(of)-251(as)-251(the)-251(same)-250(disease;)-251(at)-251(others)-251(they)-251(are)-250(clearly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinguished)-250(from)-250(each)-250(other.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(The)-319(language)-318(of)-319(the)-319(Gospels)-318(seems)-319(to)-319(imply)-318(that)-319(some)-318(mal-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(adies)-159(were)-159(believed)-159(to)-160(be)-159(produced)-159(by)-159(the)-159(influence)-159(of)-159(possession.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-241(one)-241(or)-242(two)-241(instances)-241(language)-241(is)-241(used)-242(which)-241(may)-241(imply)-241(that)-241(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bodily)-266(disease)-266(was)-266(brought)-266(on)-266(by)-266(Satanic)-266(agency)-266(without)-266(actual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possession.)-813(Whatever)-437(may)-438(have)-438(been)-437(the)-438(belief)-437(of)-438(the)-437(Jews)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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4.582 0 Td [(\300\304)]TJ/F38 10.9091 Tf 10.429 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 8.715 0 Td [(\264\261\271\274)]TJ/F38 10.9091 Tf 20.04 0 Td [(y)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 5.433 0 Td [(\275\271\261)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.465 0 Td [(\051,)-280(and)-274(the)-274(man)-274(whose)]TJ -186.509 -13.549 Td [(name)-296(was)-296(legion,)-307(because)-296(many)-296(demons)-296(\050)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 186.43 0 Td [(\300\277\273\273)]TJ/F38 10.9091 Tf 22.691 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 8.957 0 Td [(\264\261\271\274)]TJ/F38 10.9091 Tf 20.04 0 Td [(y)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 5.432 0 Td [(\275\271\261)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.466 0 Td [(\051)-296(had)]TJ -258.016 -13.549 Td [(entered)-372(into)-371(him.)-615(Demons)-372(likewise)-372(entered)-371(into)-372(the)-372(bodies)-371(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(animals,)-461(and)-419(in)-419(the)-419(narrative)-418(to)-419(which)-419(we)-419(have)-419(just)-418(referred,)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +895 0 obj << +/Length 4900 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 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[(should)-482(have)-241(permitted)-241(the)-241(existence)-241(of)-241(such)-241(a)-241(being)-241(as)-241(Satan;)-244(or)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([224])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(if)-305(his)-305(existence)-305(is)-305(permitted,)-319(that)-305(he)-305(can)-305(be)-305(allowed)-304(to)-305(interfere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(affairs)-250(of)-250(men.)]TJ 11.956 -14.097 Td [(In)-284(dealing)-285(with)-284(this)-285(question)-284(it)-285(is)-285(evident)-284(that)-285(I)-284(must)-284(proceed)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(on)-378(the)-377(supposition)-378(that)-377(I)-378(am)-377(reasoning)-378(with)-377(theists)-378(only.)-632(The)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +930 0 obj << +/Length 4810 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(198)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td 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[(If)-306(Pantheism)-306(or)-307(Atheism)-306(is)-306(a)-306(correct)-306(account)-307(of)-306(the)-306(facts)-306(of)-306(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universe,)-281(it)-275(is)-275(impossible)-275(to)-275(say)-275(what)-275(kind)-275(of)-275(beings)-275(nature)-275(may)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-330(evolved)-330(in)-330(the)-330(past,)-350(or)-330(may)-330(evolve)-330(in)-330(the)-330(future)-330(from)-329(her)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prolific)-250(womb.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-395(if)-395(it)-395(is)-395(once)-395(conceded)-395(that)-395(a)-395(personal)-395(God)-395(exists,)-431(who)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-329(the)-330(moral)-329(Governor)-329(of)-329(the)-330(Universe,)-349(the)-329(affirmation)-329(that)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence)-407(of)-406(such)-406(beings)-407(is)-406(inconsistent)-407(with)-406(his)-407(attributes,)-445(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-258(another)-258(form)-258(of)-259(asserting)-258(that)-258(the)-258(existence)-258(of)-258(moral)-258(evil)-258(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(incompatible)-352(with)-351(them.)-554(The)-352(ground)-351(of)-352(its)-351(existence)-352(has)-351(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-318(problem,)-336(into)-318(which)-318(the)-318(human)-319(mind)-318(has)-318(striven)-318(to)-318(penetrate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-317(the)-317(earliest)-316(dawn)-317(of)-317(thought,)-333(without)-317(ever)-317(approaching)-316(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-352(solution;)-402(but)-351(into)-352(this)-352(question)-351(it)-352(is)-351(useless)-352(to)-351(enter.)-555(In)-351(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(present)-377(argument)-377(we)-377(are)-377(dealing)-377(with)-377(facts,)-409(and)-377(the)-377(existence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-364(aggravated)-363(forms)-364(of)-364(moral)-363(evil)-364(in)-364(the)-363(universe)-364(is)-364(a)-363(fact.)-591(If)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-245(be)-246(a)-245(God,)-247(it)-245(must)-246(be)-245(consistent)-246(with)-245(his)-246(attributes.)-248(The)-245(real)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(difficulty)-257(lies)-257(in)-256(its)-257(existence)-257(at)-257(all)-257(in)-256(the)-257(universe)-257(of)-257(a)-257(God)-256(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-250(all-powerful)-250(and)-250(good.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-256(since)-255(it)-256(does)-256(exist,)-257(the)-256(existence)-255(of)-256(a)-256(being)-255(like)-256(Satan)-256(is)-255(a)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(mere)-319(question)-318(of)-319(degree.)-456(It)-319(is)-319(an)-318(unquestionable)-638(fact,)-335(whether)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([225])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(we)-434(can)-434(explain)-434(it)-434(or)-435(not,)-480(that)-434(many)-434(men)-434(of)-434(the)-434(worst)-434(moral)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(principles)-275(have)-275(been)-275(gifted)-275(with)-275(the)-275(highest)-275(intellectual)-275(powers,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-245(have)-245(been)-245(placed)-246(in)-245(positions)-245(in)-245(society)-245(which)-245(have)-245(enabled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-434(to)-434(inflict)-434(the)-434(greatest)-434(evil)-434(on)-434(others.)-802(History)-434(is)-434(full)-434(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-306(cases.)-419(The)-306(most)-306(extreme)-307(forms)-306(of)-306(human)-306(corruption)-306(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-313(not)-312(inaptly)-313(designated)-313(as)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 137.646 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Satanic.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 34.844 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.255 0 Td [(If)-313(therefore)-312(under)-313(the)]TJ -185.589 -13.55 Td [(moral)-306(government)-306(of)-306(God)-306(it)-306(is)-306(a)-306(fact)-306(that)-306(such)-306(forms)-306(of)-306(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wickedness)-408(exist;)-487(and)-409(if)-408(it)-408(is)-408(supposable,)-448(that)-408(there)-408(are)-408(other)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +934 0 obj << +/Length 4818 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(X.)-250(The)-250(Existence)-250(And)-250(Miracles)-250(Of)-250(Satan.)-4145(199)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(rational)-235(beings)-236(in)-235(the)-235(universe)-235(endowed)-236(with)-235(higher)-235(powers)-235(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man,)-313(how)-300(can)-300(it)-300(be)-300(inconceivable)-300(that)-299(they)-300(may)-300(differ)-300(in)-300(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character,)-340(precisely)-321(in)-322(the)-321(same)-322(way)-322(as)-321(men)-322(do;)-357(and)-322(that)-321(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-369(be)-369(eminently)-369(virtuous,)-399(and)-369(others)-369(fearfully)-369(corrupt?)-607(It)-369(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(clear)-412(that)-412(the)-412(difficulty)-411(centres)-412(in)-412(the)-412(existence)-412(of)-412(moral)-411(evil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-352(the)-351(universe)-352(of)-351(a)-352(God)-351(who)-351(is)-352(possessed)-351(of)-352(almighty)-351(power,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-367(perfect)-367(holiness)-366(and)-367(goodness.)-600(Why)-367(has)-367(He)-367(permitted)-366(it?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Is)-375(its)-374(existence)-375(a)-374(necessary)-375(condition)-375(of)-374(the)-375(creation)-374(of)-375(a)-374(free)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-264(agent?)-292(If)-264(so,)-268(might)-264(not)-264(the)-264(amount)-264(of)-264(it)-264(have)-264(been)-264(greatly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(diminished?)-683(The)-394(utmost)-395(light)-394(that)-394(reason)-395(can)-394(throw)-394(on)-394(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(questions)-403(consists)-404(of)-403(a)-403(few)-404(very)-403(imperfect)-403(glimmerings.)-710(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fact)-295(is)-295(undeniable,)-306(that)-295(a)-295(large)-295(mass)-295(of)-295(moral)-294(evil)-295(exists,)-307(and)-294(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(very)-372(fearful)-371(forms.)-615(If)-371(there)-372(be)-371(a)-372(Creator)-371(of)-372(the)-371(universe,)-402(it)-371(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plain)-288(that)-288(the)-288(present)-289(state)-288(of)-288(things)-288(must)-288(be)-288(consistent)-288(with)-288(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(attributes.)-397(The)-299(only)-299(mode)-299(of)-299(escaping)-299(from)-299(this)-299(difficulty)-299(is)-298(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taking)-250(refuge)-250(in)-250(the)-250(vastly)-250(greater)-250(ones)-250(of)-250(pantheism)-250(or)-250(atheism.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Many)-419(theists,)-462(pressed)-420(by)-419(these)-419(difficulties,)-462(have)-419(attempted)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-334(evade)-334(them)-334(by)-334(endeavouring)-334(to)-334(reduce)-334(the)-334(amount)-334(of)-334(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evil)-272(in)-273(the)-272(universe,)-278(the)-272(existence)-272(of)-273(which)-272(they)-272(cannot)-273(deny,)-277(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indefinitely)-286(small)-287(proportions,)-295(and)-287(then)-286(affirming)-286(that)-287(it)-286(will)-286(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ultimately)-479(swallowed)-240(up)-240(in)-239(the)-240(ocean)-240(of)-240(universal)-239(good.)-247(But)-239(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([226])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(mere)-261(diminishing)-262(of)-261(its)-262(amount)-261(by)-262(no)-261(means)-262(solves)-261(the)-261(difficul-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ty.)-534(The)-345(real)-345(question)-345(is,)-368(how)-345(has)-344(it)-345(come)-345(even)-345(into)-344(temporary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence?)-463(But)-321(there)-320(is)-321(also)-321(a)-321(still)-321(more)-321(grave)-321(objection)-321(to)-320(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(course)-272(of)-271(reasoning.)-315(It)-271(renders)-272(it)-271(necessary)-272(that)-271(we)-272(should)-271(close)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(our)-339(eyes)-339(to)-340(the)-339(most)-339(obvious)-339(facts.)-518(S)1(o)-340(far)-339(is)-339(it)-339(from)-339(being)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(case)-248(that)-248(the)-249(amount)-248(of)-248(moral)-248(evil)-249(in)-248(the)-248(world)-248(is)-248(small,)-249(that)-248(it)-248(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(very)-238(large.)-246(This)-238(fact)-238(is)-238(indisputable.)-246(The)-238(whole)-238(course)-238(of)-237(history)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tells)-261(us)-261(that)-261(it)-261(has)-262(existed)-261(in)-261(all)-261(past)-261(ages)-261(and)-261(in)-261(very)-261(aggravated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forms.)-284(To)-261(try)-262(to)-261(get)-261(rid)-261(of)-262(the)-261(difficulty)-261(in)-262(this)-261(manner)-261(is)-261(simply)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(close)-250(our)-250(eyes,)-250(and)-250(refuse)-250(to)-250(see)-250(it.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-455(not)-456(only)-455(does)-456(moral,)-506(but)-456(physical)-455(evil)-456(exist.)-866(This)-455(is)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(another)-328(unquestionable)-329(fact,)-348(and)-328(its)-328(existence)-329(bears)-328(directly)-328(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(my)-276(argument.)-328(Many)-276(and)-276(vain)-276(have)-276(been)-276(the)-276(attempts)-276(to)-275(explain)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +938 0 obj << +/Length 4862 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(200)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(it)-299(away.)-396(It)-299(has)-298(been)-299(affirmed)-299(that)-298(pain)-299(after)-299(all)-298(is)-299(no)-299(such)-298(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(matter.)-789(I)-430(strongly)-430(suspect)-430(that)-429(those)-430(who)-430(have)-430(asserted)-429(this,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-292(experienced)-292(but)-292(little)-292(of)-292(it.)-376(It)-292(is)-292(true)-292(that)-292(it)-292(may)-291(ultimately)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(result)-381(in)-382(good)-381(under)-382(God's)-381(government,)-414(but)-381(taken)-382(by)-381(itself,)-414(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-344(undeniably)-345(an)-344(evil.)-534(Do)-344(not)-344(frightful)-345(sufferings)-344(abound?)-533(Do)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-348(most)-347(painful)-348(diseases)-348(afflict)-347(our)-348(frames?)-543(Is)-347(it)-348(not)-347(possible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-482(suffer)-483(terribly)-482(from)-482(causes)-482(quite)-483(independent)-482(of)-482(our)-482(own)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conduct?)-530(Is)-343(not)-343(a)-344(great)-343(earthquake)-343(a)-344(terrible)-343(calamity)-343(to)-343(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-394(suffer)-395(from)-394(its)-394(effects,)-430(although)-395(it)-394(may)-394(be)-394(attended)-394(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(beneficial)-298(results)-298(to)-298(those)-298(who)-298(do)-298(not?)-394(Pains)-298(may)-298(be)-298(said)-298(to)-297(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(useful)-306(warnings;)-334(but)-307(surely)-306(the)-306(warning)-306(might)-306(have)-306(been)-306(given)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(without)-258(the)-257(extremity)-258(of)-257(the)-258(suffering.)-272(They)-258(are)-257(also)-258(affirmed)-257(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-269(the)-268(penalties)-269(of)-269(ignorance,)-273(and)-269(this)-268(may)-269(be)-269(partially)-268(true:)-287(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-312(ignorance)-312(is)-312(in)-312(a)-312(vast)-312(majority)-312(of)-312(cases)-312(unavoidable.)-436(It)-311(is)-312(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(simple)-282(fact,)-291(that)-282(a)-282(great)-283(amount)-282(of)-282(physical)-283(suffering)-282(exists,)-290(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason)-250(of)-250(which)-250(we)-250(are)-250(wholly)-250(unable)-250(to)-250(explain.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([227])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -18.459 Td [(But)-309(further:)-369(moral)-309(evil)-309(propagates)-310(itself,)-324(and)-309(inflicts)-309(calami-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ties)-358(on)-357(those)-358(who)-357(are)-358(not)-357(implicated)-358(in)-358(its)-357(guilt.)-573(Is)-357(it)-358(not)-357(true)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-403(men)-404(have)-403(existed)-403(both)-404(in)-403(the)-403(ancient)-404(and)-403(modern)-403(world,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whose)-359(actions)-358(have)-359(inflicted)-359(the)-359(greatest)-358(evils)-359(on)-359(mankind)-358(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generation)-236(after)-236(generation?)-245(Can)-236(any)-236(one)-236(doubt)-236(that)-236(descendants)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(suffer)-384(for)-383(the)-384(sins)-383(of)-384(remote)-384(ancestors,)-417(and)-383(children)-384(for)-383(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-318(their)-317(parents?)-453(Facts)-318(are)-318(facts,)-334(and)-318(they)-317(will)-318(not)-318(become)-317(less)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-355(by)-356(our)-355(refusing)-356(to)-355(look)-356(at)-355(them.)-567(The)-355(evil)-356(wrought)-355(by)-355(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-375(man)-375(as)-375(Philip)-374(II.)-375(of)-375(Spain,)-406(is)-375(a)-375(fact,)-406(and)-375(it)-375(has)-375(extended)-374(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(baneful)-276(influence)-277(to)-276(our)-276(own)-276(times.)-329(Is)-276(not)-276(a)-277(large)-276(portion)-276(of)-276(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evils)-251(under)-251(which)-251(France)-251(has)-251(groaned,)-251(traceable)-251(to)-251(the)-250(misdeeds)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-334(two)-334(of)-334(her)-334(sovereigns?)-502(These)-334(were)-334(quietly)-334(sleeping)-334(in)-333(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(graves,)-282(when)-275(the)-275(evils)-276(they)-275(had)-276(occasioned)-275(burst)-275(on)-276(the)-275(head)-275(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-354(guiltless)-354(successor.)-561(But)-354(it)-354(is)-354(needless)-354(to)-354(quote)-353(examples.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(History)-344(is)-345(one)-344(long)-345(succession)-344(of)-345(them.)-533(Whether)-344(we)-345(like)-344(it)-344(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not,)-448(the)-409(old)-409(saying)-409(is)-408(an)-409(accurate)-409(account)-408(of)-409(the)-409(moral)-408(order)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-343(the)-344(universe)-343(as)-343(it)-344(exists,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 124.837 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Visiting)-343(the)-344(sins)-343(of)-343(the)-344(fathers)-343(on)]TJ -129.681 -13.549 Td [(the)-389(children)-390(unto)-389(the)-390(third)-389(and)-390(fourth)-389(generation)-390(of)-389(them)-389(that)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +942 0 obj << +/Length 4842 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(X.)-250(The)-250(Existence)-250(And)-250(Miracles)-250(Of)-250(Satan.)-4145(201)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(hate)-340(me,)-362(and)-340(showing)-340(mercy)-340(unto)-340(thousands)-340(of)-340(them)-340(that)-339(love)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(me,)-413(and)-380(keep)-380(my)-380(commandments.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 155.1 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.989 0 Td [(These)-380(are)-380(facts)-380(which)-380(the)]TJ -164.089 -13.549 Td [(theist)-300(equally)-299(with)-300(the)-300(Christian)-300(must)-299(face,)-313(for)-299(they)-300(exist)-300(in)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universe)-264(of)-264(that)-265(God,)-267(in)-264(whose)-265(moral)-264(perfections)-264(both)-264(believe.)-292(I)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(repeat,)-284(therefore,)-284(that)-277(the)-278(only)-277(way)-277(of)-277(escaping)-278(from)-277(them)-277(is)-277(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rushing)-250(into)-250(the)-250(far)-250(greater)-250(difficulties)-250(of)-250(pantheism)-250(or)-250(atheism.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(These)-326(reasonings)-327(might)-326(be)-327(indefinitely)-326(extended.)-479(The)-327(resul)1(t)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(which)-344(follows)-345(from)-344(them)-344(is)-345(clear,)-368(that)-344(if)-344(we)-345(attempt)-344(to)-344(reason)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-431(abstract)-431(principles)-430(to)-431(the)-431(constitution)-431(of)-431(a)-430(universe,)-476(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shall)-392(produce)-392(one)-392(utterly)-391(unlike)-392(that)-392(which)-392(actually)-392(exists.)-675(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(follows,)-244(that)-243(as)-243(they)-243(cannot)-243(account)-243(for)-243(the)-243(facts)-243(of)-243(the)-243(universe,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-600(they)-300(come)-300(under)-300(our)-301(observation,)-312(they)-300(are)-300(unsafe)-300(guides)-300(on)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([228])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(all)-265(similar)-266(questions.)-296(Consequently)-266(they)-265(are)-266(unable)-265(to)-266(show)-265(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-263(existence)-262(of)-263(evil)-263(beings)-262(possessed)-263(of)-263(superhuman)-263(powers,)-265(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inconsistent)-250(with)-250(the)-250(perfections)-250(of)-250(God.)]TJ 11.955 -15.186 Td [(Nor)-380(is)-381(there)-380(any)-381(greater)-380(force)-381(in)-380(the)-381(objection,)-413(that)-380(if)-380(such)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(beings)-300(exist)-299(at)-300(all,)-312(it)-300(is)-299(inconsistent)-300(with)-299(our)-300(conceptions)-300(of)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divine)-359(government,)-386(that)-358(they)-359(should)-359(be)-358(allowed)-359(to)-359(interfere)-358(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-308(affairs)-308(of)-308(men.)-425(I)-308(reply,)-322(that)-308(it)-309(is)-308(equally)-308(inconceivable,)-322(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(God)-320(should)-319(have)-320(allowed)-320(a)-319(man,)-337(to)-320(whom)-319(he)-320(has)-320(imparted)-319(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(greatest)-443(mental)-443(endowments,)-491(and)-443(whom)-443(he)-443(has)-443(placed)-442(in)-443(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elevated)-256(position)-256(in)-256(society,)-257(who)-256(lived)-256(centuries)-255(ago,)-258(to)-256(exert)-255(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evil)-382(influence)-382(on)-382(the)-382(present)-382(generation.)-646(The)-381(difficulty)-382(that)-382(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(powerful)-263(influence)-264(for)-263(evil)-264(can)-263(be)-263(exerted)-264(by)-263(men)-264(on)-263(those)-263(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-319(never)-318(seen)-319(them,)-336(and)-319(of)-318(whose)-319(existence)-319(they)-319(have)-318(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heard,)-358(is)-336(just)-336(as)-336(great)-337(as)-336(the)-336(one)-336(under)-336(consideration.)-509(Yet)-336(it)-336(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-294(of)-293(the)-294(most)-293(undeniable)-294(of)-293(facts,)-305(that)-293(men)-294(do)-293(exert)-294(the)-293(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(powerful)-311(influence)-311(on)-311(one)-311(another,)-326(and)-311(that)-311(such)-311(influence)-311(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-279(exert)1(ed)-279(by)-279(generations)-278(long)-279(since)-278(passed)-279(away)-278(on)-279(those)-278(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(live)-250(ages)-250(afterwards;)-250(and)-250(that)-250(it)-250(can)-250(be)-250(exerted)-250(unconsciously.)]TJ 11.955 -15.185 Td [(I)-241(am)-241(far)-240(from)-241(wishing)-241(to)-241(deny,)-243(that)-240(the)-241(difficulty)-241(is)-241(a)-241(real)-240(one.)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(On)-376(the)-375(contrary,)-407(I)-375(fully)-376(admit)-376(it;)-438(and)-376(that)-375(it)-376(is)-375(one)-376(which)-375(our)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(present)-256(faculties)-257(are)-256(unable)-256(to)-257(explain.)-268(But)-257(it)-256(is)-256(one)-257(which)-256(is)-256(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(peculiar)-296(to)-295(Christianity,)-308(nor)-295(has)-296(it)-296(originated)-296(in)-295(it.)-388(The)-295(interfer-)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +947 0 obj << +/Length 4912 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(202)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(ence)-273(of)-273(superhuman)-273(beings)-273(in)-273(human)-273(affairs)-273(for)-273(the)-273(purposes)-273(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evil,)-250(would)-250(be)-250(only)-250(another)-250(form)-250(of)-250(the)-250(same)-250(difficulty.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Precisely)-405(similar)-406(reasonings)-405(to)-406(those)-405(which)-406(have)-405(been)-405(em-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ployed)-511(to)-510(prove)-511(that)-510(the)-511(existence)-511(of)-510(a)-511(being)-510(like)-511(Satan)-510(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impossible,)-227(when)-222(they)-221(are)-222(applied)-221(to)-222(other)-221(subjects,)-227(bring)-222(us)-221(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(direct)-365(collision)-365(with)-365(realities.)-1191(There)-365(can)-365(be)-365(no)-365(doubt,)-394(that)-365(if)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([229])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(the)-370(constitution)-370(of)-370(the)-370(universe)-370(had)-370(been)-370(placed)-370(in)-370(our)-370(hands,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-256(phenomena)-255(would)-256(have)-256(been)-255(very)-256(different.)-267(But)-256(our)-255(function)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-343(a)-343(far)-343(humbler)-343(one.)-530(It)-343(is)-343(not)-343(to)-343(erect)-343(a)-343(universe)-343(according)-343(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-380(conceptions)-380(of)-379(what)-380(is)-380(best,)-412(but)-380(to)-379(learn)-380(the)-380(order)-380(of)-379(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-430(which)-429(we)-430(live,)-475(and)-429(to)-430(accept)-429(facts)-430(on)-430(sufficient)-429(evidence,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(however)-250(strongly)-250(they)-250(may)-250(conflict)-250(with)-250(abstract)-250(theories.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(I)-330(now)-329(proceed)-330(to)-330(consider)-330(the)-329(real)-330(difficulty)-330(connected)-329(with)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(this)-179(subject,)-192(and)-179(which)-179(has)-178(been)-179(very)-178(strongly)-179(urged)-178(by)-179(the)-178(author)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 12.83 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Supernatural)-343(Religion.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 99.796 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.586 0 Td [(It)-343(is)-343(this.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 45.689 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(If)-343(it)-343(is)-343(conceivable)-343(that)]TJ -176.589 -13.549 Td [(beings)-193(exist)-193(who)-192(possess)-193(superhuman)-193(knowledge)-193(and)-193(power;)-211(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-193(they)-192(are)-193(capable)-193(of)-192(interfering)-193(as)-193(the)-192(New)-193(Testament)-192(affirms,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-194(the)-195(affairs)-194(of)-195(men,)-205(how)-195(can)-194(the)-194(performance)-195(of)-194(a)-195(miracle)-194(be)-194(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guarantee)-237(of)-237(a)-237(divine)-238(commission?)-245(May)-237(not)-238(inferior)-237(agents,)-239(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(possess)-328(superhuman)-329(knowledge)-328(and)-328(power,)-348(be)-329(able)-328(to)-328(produce)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(results)-348(which)-348(would)-349(to)-348(all)-348(outward)-348(appearance)-348(be)-348(miraculous?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Might)-204(not)-204(an)-204(evil)-204(being,)-213(who)-204(was)-204(possessed)-204(of)-204(the)-204(highest)-204(intelli-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gence)-231(like)-231(Satan,)-234(perform)-231(such)-231(actions)-231(as)-231(would)-231(be)-231(equivalent)-230(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles,)-315(for)-302(the)-302(purpose)-303(of)-302(authenticating)-302(falsehoods?)-406(All)-302(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(such)-205(actions)-204(prove)-205(is)-204(the)-205(presence)-205(of)-204(superhuman)-205(knowledge)-204(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power;)-224(but)-210(they)-211(would)-210(leave)-211(it)-210(quite)-211(uncertain)-210(whether)-211(the)-210(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-258(divine)-258(or)-258(Satanic.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 96.607 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.656 0 Td [(Such)-258(is)-258(the)-258(objection,)-259(and)-258(it)-258(demands)-258(an)]TJ -104.263 -13.549 Td [(adequate)-250(solution.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-233(reply,)-237(that)-233(if)-233(we)-233(view)-233(the)-233(question)-233(merely)-233(as)-233(an)-233(abstract)-233(one,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(it)-351(is)-350(quite)-351(possible,)-376(if)-350(a)-351(superhuman)-351(being)-350(of)-351(high)-350(intelligence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-303(permitted)-302(to)-303(interfere)-303(in)-302(the)-303(affairs)-303(of)-303(men,)-315(that)-303(he)-303(should)-302(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(able)-301(to)-301(perform)-301(actions)-300(which)-301(might)-301(have)-301(all)-301(the)-301(appearance)-300(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(being)-244(supernatural.)-248(Such)-244(results)-244(might)-244(be)-244(even)-244(brought)-244(about)-243(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-214(superior)-214(acquaintance)-214(with)-214(the)-214(existing)-214(forces)-214(of)-214(nature,)-221(and)-214(by)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +951 0 obj << +/Length 4688 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(X.)-250(The)-250(Existence)-250(And)-250(Miracles)-250(Of)-250(Satan.)-4145(203)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-341(successful)-340(combination)-341(of)-681(them,)-363(without)-340(the)-341(introduction)-340(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([230])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(any)-229(new)-230(force)-229(whatever.)-243(For)-229(such)-230(results)-229(we)-229(need)-230(not)-229(invoke)-229(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aid)-286(of)-287(a)-286(supernatural)-286(being.)-359(They)-287(have)-286(been)-286(frequently)-286(effected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-304(a)-304(superior)-304(human)-304(intelligence)-303(acting)-304(on)-304(an)-304(inferior)-304(one.)-411(We)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(all)-266(know)-266(how)-266(Columbus)-266(used)-266(his)-266(superior)-266(knowledge)-266(of)-265(astron-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(omy,)-317(to)-304(predict)-303(an)-304(eclipse,)-317(and)-303(the)-304(ignorant)-303(natives)-304(of)-303(America)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mistook)-374(this)-374(as)-374(denoting)-374(the)-374(presence)-374(of)-374(a)-374(superhuman)-374(being.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Such)-233(results)-233(may)-233(be)-234(always)-233(produced,)-236(when)-233(superior)-233(knowledge)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acts)-367(on)-367(ignorance;)-426(and)-367(such)-367(is)-366(the)-367(origin)-367(of)-367(no)-367(inconsiderable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(number)-324(of)-323(impositions)-324(which)-323(have)-324(been)-323(practised)-324(on)-323(mankind.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-412(is)-411(therefore)-412(quite)-412(conceivable,)-452(as)-411(an)-412(abstract)-411(question,)-452(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-292(men)-291(who)-292(possess)-291(a)-292(very)-291(superior)-292(intelligence,)-301(are)-292(capable)-291(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(producing)-355(results)-355(which)-355(to)-355(an)-355(inferior)-355(intelligence)-355(would)-354(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-254(appearance)-254(of)-253(being)-254(supernatural,)-255(without)-253(really)-254(being)-254(so,)-254(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-259(same)-258(manner,)-261(if)-259(Satan)-258(is)-259(supposed)-259(to)-258(possess)-259(an)-258(intelligence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(greater)-235(than)-236(that)-235(of)-235(the)-236(wisest)-235(of)-235(mankind,)-239(and)-235(if)-235(his)-235(interference)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-256(human)-255(affairs)-256(is)-255(permitted,)-257(he)-256(may)-255(be)-256(able)-255(to)-256(perform)-255(actions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-383(would)-383(have)-383(the)-384(appearance)-383(of)-383(being)-383(supernatural,)-416(by)-383(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(skilful)-250(use)-250(of)-250(the)-250(existing)-250(forces)-250(of)-250(nature.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-371(to)-372(such)-371(power)-371(there)-372(must)-371(be)-371(a)-372(limit.)-614(There)-371(are)-371(certain)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(results)-312(which)-312(plainly)-311(lie)-312(beyond)-312(the)-311(power)-312(of)-312(any)-312(mere)-311(combi-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nation)-286(of)-285(the)-286(forces)-286(of)-285(nature)-286(to)-286(produce.)-357(Of)-286(these,)-294(many)-286(of)-285(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles)-286(recorded)-286(in)-286(the)-287(Gospels)-286(are)-286(instances,)-295(such)-286(as)-286(the)-286(cure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-284(blind)-283(or)-284(leprous)-284(men)-283(by)-284(no)-284(other)-283(visible)-284(instrumentality)-283(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-238(word)-239(or)-238(a)-239(touch.)-246(Actions)-238(of)-239(this)-238(kind)-238(differ)-239(wholly)-238(in)-238(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-353(those)-354(which)-353(we)-353(are)-353(now)-354(considering.)-559(If)-354(a)-353(miracle)-353(was)-353(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(more)-293(objective)-293(fact)-293(taking)-292(place)-293(in)-293(external)-293(nature,)-304(and)-292(nothing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more,)-521(it)-467(might)-467(be)-466(open)-467(to)-467(question)-467(whether)-467(its)-466(performance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-365(owing)-365(to)-364(supernatural)-365(agency,)-393(or)-365(to)-365(some)-365(combination)-364(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(known)-299(or)-299(unknown)-300(forces.)-397(But)-299(the)-300(miracles)-299(with)-299(which)-299(we)-299(are)]TJ 3.83 -13.549 Td [(concerned)-351(in)-351(this)-351(controversy,)-376(involve)-351(a)-351(great)-351(deal)-351(more)-351(than)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 287.194 0 Td [([231])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(more)-250(objective)-250(facts)-250(in)-250(material)-250(nature.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-281(assuming,)-289(as)-282(I)-281(cannot)-281(help)-282(doing)-281(in)-281(an)-282(argument)-281(like)-282(t)1(he)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(present,)-232(the)-227(existence)-227(of)-227(a)-228(God,)-231(who)-228(is)-227(the)-227(Creator)-227(and)-227(Governor)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +956 0 obj << +/Length 4685 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(204)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-317(the)-318(universe,)-334(the)-317(question)-317(is)-317(not)-317(a)-318(mere)-317(abstract)-317(one,)-334(what)-317(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Being)-374(like)-373(Satan,)-404(if)-374(he)-373(is)-374(supposed)-374(to)-373(exist,)-404(might)-374(be)-373(capable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-382(doing;)-447(but)-381(it)-382(becomes)-382(entirely)-381(one)-382(of)-381(permitted)-382(agency.)-644(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-453(plain,)-503(that)-453(if)-452(there)-453(is)-453(a)-452(God,)-504(every)-452(being)-453(in)-453(the)-452(universe,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(however)-383(powerful)-383(or)-383(intelligent,)-416(can)-383(only)-383(act)-383(within)-383(a)-382(certain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(definite)-251(sphere)-251(of)-251(operation,)-251(which)-251(the)-251(Governor)-251(of)-251(the)-250(universe)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-289(assigned)-288(to)-289(him.)-366(Within)-289(what)-289(limits)-289(then)-288(is)-289(he)-289(allowed)-288(act?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Are)-341(subordinate)-341(agents)-342(permitted)-341(to)-341(interfere)-341(with)-341(the)-341(material)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forces)-330(of)-331(external)-330(nature?)-492(and)-330(if)-331(so,)-350(within)-331(what)-330(bounds?)-491(Can)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(they)-354(wander)-353(over)-354(the)-354(universe)-353(at)-354(their)-354(mere)-353(will)-354(and)-353(pleasure,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-339(interfere)-339(with)-340(its)-339(operations?)-518(How)-339(far)-339(is)-339(their)-339(interference)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(permitted)-241(in)-240(the)-241(moral)-241(and)-240(spiritual)-241(worlds?)-247(The)-241(question)-240(before)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-464(is)-465(even)-464(reduced)-464(to)-464(one)-465(of)-464(far)-464(narrower)-464(limits.)-893(Our)-464(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(direct)-318(knowledge)-317(of)-318(the)-317(existence)-318(of)-317(such)-318(an)-317(agency)-318(is)-317(derived)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-289(Revelation.)-365(The)-289(real)-289(point)-288(therefore)-289(which)-288(concerns)-289(us)-288(is,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-406(what)-407(extent)-406(is)-406(such)-406(permitted)-406(agency)-407(affirmed)-406(in)-406(the)-406(New)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Testament.)-236(Do)-207(the)-208(Satanic)-207(interventions)-208(there)-207(described)-207(interfere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-253(divine)-253(miracles)-253(as)-253(attestations)-253(of)-253(a)-253(divine)-253(commission?)-258(We)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-322(nothing)-321(whatever)-322(to)-321(do)-321(with)-322(abstract)-321(propositions)-322(or)-321(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(what)-311(Rabbinical)-310(writers)-311(may)-311(have)-311(affirmed)-310(on)-311(this)-311(subject,)-325(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(the)-250(assertions)-250(of)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)-250(alone.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(If)-298(there)-298(is)-298(a)-298(God,)-309(it)-298(is)-298(certain)-298(that)-298(the)-298(present)-298(order)-298(of)-297(nature)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(must)-336(be)-335(a)-336(manifestation)-335(of)-336(His)-336(will.)-506(So)-336(must)-336(be)-335(the)-336(energy)-335(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-231(forces)-231(in)-231(conformity)-231(with)-231(invariable)-231(law.)-244(Whatever)-230(power)-231(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-280(delegated)-281(to)-280(subordinate)-280(agents,)-288(must)-280(form)-281(a)-280(portion)-280(of)-280(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universal)-311(order,)-326(and)-311(be)-310(exercised)-311(in)-311(conformity)-311(with)-311(the)-310(divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purposes.)-1324(It)-387(is)-387(inconceivable)-387(that)-388(subordinate)-387(agents)-387(can)-387(be)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([232])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(allowed)-389(to)-389(break)-388(in)-389(upon)-389(it)-389(at)-389(their)-389(will)-388(and)-389(pleasure,)-424(for)-388(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(general)-266(permanence)-267(of)-266(its)-267(order)-266(forms)-266(an)-267(essential)-266(condition)-266(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-371(exercise)-372(of)-371(moral)-372(agency.)-614(If)-371(they)-372(are)-371(allowed)-372(to)-371(do)-372(so,)-401(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-334(be)-335(only)-334(within)-335(clear)-334(and)-334(definite)-335(limits,)-355(which)-334(ultimately)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effectuate)-289(the)-289(purposes)-289(of)-289(the)-290(Creator.)-367(Such)-289(is)-289(the)-289(nature)-289(of)-289(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(power)-383(which)-382(man)-383(can)-383(exert)-383(over)-382(material)-383(nature.)-648(It)-383(can)-382(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modify)-366(results,)-394(by)-366(giving)-366(a)-365(new)-366(direction)-366(to)-365(its)-366(forces.)-597(In)-365(the)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +960 0 obj << +/Length 4791 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(X.)-250(The)-250(Existence)-250(And)-250(Miracles)-250(Of)-250(Satan.)-4145(205)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(case)-259(of)-259(man)-259(this)-259(power)-258(is)-259(limited)-259(to)-259(the)-259(world)-259(in)-259(which)-259(he)-258(lives.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-438(a)-438(similar)-438(manner,)-486(if)-438(beings)-438(superior)-438(to)-438(him)-438(in)-438(power)-438(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intelligence)-342(exist,)-364(their)-342(interference)-342(must)-341(be)-342(subject)-342(to)-341(definite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(limitations.)-706(Such)-401(is)-402(the)-402(uniform)-402(affirmation)-402(of)-402(the)-402(writers)-401(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-293(New)-294(Testament.)-379(Even)-294(if)-293(we)-293(take)-293(their)-294(language)-293(in)-293(the)-293(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(literal)-297(sense,)-308(the)-297(supernatural)-297(interventions)-297(which)-297(they)-296(attribute)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-274(Satan,)-279(are)-274(confined)-274(to)-274(a)-273(very)-274(definite)-274(order)-274(of)-273(phenomena.)-321(In)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-240(word,)-243(the)-240(sacred)-241(writers)-240(have)-241(described)-240(Satanic)-240(intervention)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-204(limited)-205(to)-204(the)-204(world)-205(of)-204(mind;)-220(and)-204(as)-204(capable,)-214(through)-204(its)-204(action)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-242(the)-242(mind,)-244(of)-242(producing)-242(certain)-242(results)-242(on)-242(the)-242(bodily)-242(organiza-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tion.)-358(To)-286(this)-287(there)-286(is)-286(one)-286(exception,)-295(the)-286(apparent)-286(ascription)-286(of)-286(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(few)-250(diseases)-250(to)-250(Satanic)-250(agency.)-250(This)-250(I)-250(shall)-250(consider)-250(hereafter.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-252(is)-253(a)-252(remarkable)-252(fact,)-253(and)-252(one)-253(worthy)-252(of)-252(particular)-253(at)1(tention,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(that)-312(the)-312(supernatural)-311(action)-312(attributed)-312(to)-311(Satan)-312(in)-312(the)-312(New)-311(Tes-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tament,)-400(with)-369(the)-370(exception)-370(above)-370(referred)-370(to,)-399(is)-370(a)-370(mental)-369(one.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(It)-339(is)-338(through)-339(the)-338(action)-339(on)-338(men's)-339(minds)-338(alone,)-361(that)-338(demoniacal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(agency)-387(produces)-387(any)-387(results)-387(on)-387(their)-387(bodily)-387(frame.)-661(No)-387(direct)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action)-234(on)-233(the)-234(material)-233(forces)-234(of)-233(nature)-234(is)-233(ever)-234(attributed)-233(to)-234(it.)-244(We)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(find)-208(nothing)-207(in)-208(the)-207(smallest)-208(degree)-208(resembling)-207(the)-208(act)-207(of)-208(a)-207(demon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(overturning)-301(a)-301(pitcher)-302(of)-301(water.)-404(The)-301(kind)-301(of)-301(influence)-301(attributed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-258(Satan)-258(is)-258(of)-258(a)-258(similar)-258(character,)-260(though)-258(much)-258(higher)-258(in)-258(degree,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-815(that)-407(which)-407(one)-408(man)-407(can)-407(exert)-408(over)-407(another.)-722(One)-407(man)-407(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([233])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(superior)-251(mental)-251(power)-251(is)-251(capable)-251(of)-251(exerting)-251(an)-251(influence)-251(over)-250(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weaker)-203(mind)-202(to)-202(such)-203(a)-202(degree,)-212(as)-203(almost)-202(to)-203(enthral)-202(it.)-234(We)-203(call)-202(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-336(species)-336(of)-337(fascination.)-508(In)-336(the)-337(New)-336(Testament)-336(the)-336(similar)-336(but)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mightier)-315(Satanic)-316(influence)-315(is)-315(Possession.)-446(One)-316(mind,)-331(by)-315(getting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-283(powerful)-283(hold)-283(on)-282(another,)-291(can)-283(exert)-283(an)-283(influence)-283(on)-283(the)-282(body,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-261(in)-260(mesmerism.)-282(The)-261(Satanic)-260(influence)-261(exerted)-260(in)-261(possession)-260(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-250(a)-250(more)-250(powerful)-250(one.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-289(is)-289(certain)-288(that)-289(the)-289(extent)-289(to)-289(which)-288(one)-289(human)-289(mind)-289(can)-288(act)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(on)-335(another)-335(is)-336(bounded)-335(by)-335(no)-335(narrow)-336(limits;)-377(what)-336(is)-335(more,)-356(it)-335(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-218(which)-219(is)-218(frequently)-218(exerted)-219(for)-218(evil.)-239(It)-219(is)-218(evidently)-218(within)-218(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(purposes)-300(of)-300(the)-300(Creator)-300(to)-299(permit)-300(this.)-400(Why)-300(it)-300(is)-300(allowed)-300(to)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extent)-297(to)-297(which)-297(it)-297(is,)-309(is)-297(beyond)-297(our)-297(powers)-297(to)-297(discover.)-391(But)-297(the)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +964 0 obj << +/Length 4528 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(206)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(wide)-300(extent)-301(to)-300(which)-300(it)-301(not)-300(only)-300(can)-301(be,)-312(but)-301(actually)-300(is)-300(exerted,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-343(a)-343(fact)-343(that)-343(cannot)-343(be)-344(denied.)-529(It)-343(is)-343(also)-343(an)-343(influence)-343(that)-343(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-286(exerted)-287(secretly.)-359(The)-286(difference)-286(between)-287(this)-286(power)-286(and)-286(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-208(is)-207(supposed)-208(to)-207(be)-208(att)1(ributed)-208(to)-207(Satan)-208(in)-207(the)-208(New)-207(Testament)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-417(far)-417(more)-418(one)-417(of)-417(degree)-417(than)-418(of)-417(kind;)-501(and)-417(the)-417(latter)-417(is)-417(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-230(is)-230(bounded)-229(by)-230(clear)-230(and)-230(definite)-230(limits.)-243(Between)-230(a)-229(Satanic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possession)-352(and)-353(a)-352(miracle)-353(performed)-352(by)-352(Jesus)-353(the)-352(distinction)-352(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unmistakable.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(It)-283(follows)-283(from)-282(the)-283(foregoing)-283(considerations,)-291(that)-283(the)-282(Satanic)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(supernaturalism,)-344(which)-324(we)-325(have)-325(to)-325(consider,)-343(as)-325(far)-325(as)-325(if)-324(stands)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-409(opposition)-408(to)-409(the)-408(miracles)-409(of)-408(God,)-448(is)-409(reduced)-408(to)-409(very)-408(nar-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(row)-331(limits.)-493(It)-331(consists)-331(almost)-331(exclusively)-331(of)-331(possession)-331(and)-330(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phenomena.)-843(No)-448(other)-447(kind)-448(of)-448(action)-447(bearing)-448(even)-448(a)-447(remote)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(analogy)-394(to)-394(a)-394(miracle,)-431(with)-394(the)-394(single)-394(exception)-394(of)-394(the)-394(history)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-383(the)-384(temptation,)-416(is)-384(anywhere)-383(attributed)-383(to)-384(Satan)-383(in)-383(the)-383(New)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Testament.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(In)-255(estimating)-255(the)-254(evidential)-255(character)-255(of)-255(miracles,)-512(it)-255(has)-254(been)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -84.711 0 Td [([234])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(a)-373(far)-373(too)-373(common)-372(practice)-373(with)-373(those)-373(who)-373(deny)-373(the)-372(historical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character)-285(of)-286(the)-285(Gospels,)-294(to)-285(keep)-286(out)-285(of)-285(view)-286(their)-285(moral)-285(aspect)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-401(an)-401(important)-401(portion)-401(of)-401(their)-401(evidential)-401(value.)-703(It)-401(has)-400(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirmed)-395(that)-394(a)-395(miracle)-395(must)-394(be)-395(estimated)-395(as)-394(an)-395(act)-395(of)-394(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quite)-322(apart)-323(from)-322(its)-323(moral)-322(impress.)-467(The)-322(author)-323(before)-322(me)-322(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(goes)-326(the)-326(length)-326(of)-326(supposing,)-344(that,)-345(if)-326(Satan)-326(is)-326(as)-326(cunning)-326(as)-325(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-297(represented)-297(in)-296(the)-297(New)-297(Testament,)-308(he)-297(may)-297(even)-297(turn)-296(himself)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(into)-283(an)-284(angel)-283(of)-284(light)-283(and)-283(perform)-284(works)-283(bearing)-284(the)-283(impress)-283(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(holiness)-189(for)-190(the)-189(purpose)-190(of)-189(furthering)-190(the)-189(interests)-190(of)-189(the)-189(kingdom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(lies.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Such)-243(an)-244(idea)-243(receives)-243(no)-243(countenance)-244(from)-243(anything)-243(which)-243(is)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(affirmed)-300(by)-301(St.)-401(Paul.)-400(The)-301(passage)-300(in)-300(which)-301(allusion)-300(is)-300(made)-300(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Satan)-323(transforming)-322(himself)-323(into)-322(an)-323(angel)-322(of)-323(light)-322(is)-323(as)-322(follows:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(For)-462(such)-462(are)-463(false)-462(apostles,)-515(deceitful)-462(workers,)-515(transforming)]TJ -4.844 -13.549 Td [(themselves)-259(into)-260(the)-259(apostles)-260(of)-259(Christ.)-278(And)-260(no)-259(marvel,)-262(for)-259(Satan)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(himself)-306(is)-306(transformed)-306(into)-306(an)-306(angel)-306(of)-306(light.)-418(Therefore)-306(it)-306(is)-305(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-206(thing)-206(if)-206(his)-206(ministers)-206(should)-206(be)-206(transformed)-206(as)-206(the)-205(ministers)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +968 0 obj << +/Length 5581 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Chapter)-250(X.)-250(The)-250(Existence)-250(And)-250(Miracles)-250(Of)-250(Satan.)-4145(207)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-276(righteousness.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 74.211 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.851 0 Td [(It)-276(is)-275(quite)-276(clear)-276(that)-275(nothing)-276(was)-275(further)-276(from)]TJ -82.062 -13.549 Td [(the)-277(Apostle's)-277(mind)-277(than)-277(the)-277(idea)-277(of)-277(Satanic)-277(miracles)-277(bearing)-277(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impress)-411(of)-412(holiness)-411(as)-412(wrought)-411(in)-412(support)-411(of)-412(the)-411(kingdom)-411(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(falsehood.)-707(He)-402(is)-403(simply)-402(speaking)-402(of)-403(Judaizing)-402(teachers,)-440(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(claimed)-323(the)-322(support)-323(of)-323(apostolical)-323(authority,)-340(for)-323(the)-323(purpose)-322(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disseminating)-250(their)-250(unchristian)-250(views.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-195(idea)-196(is)-195(absurd)-196(and)-195(ridiculous,)-206(but)-196(we)-195(know)-196(that)-195(it)-195(occurred)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-367(the)-367(opponents)-367(of)-367(our)-367(Lord,)-396(who)-367(charged)-367(him)-367(with)-367(working)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles)-296(by)-296(Satanic)-296(agency.)-389(The)-296(special)-296(instance)-296(in)-296(which)-296(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)-259(this)-259(charge)-259(was)-258(that)-259(of)-259(his)-259(supposed)-259(expulsion)-259(of)-258(demons.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Our)-280(Lord)-281(met)-280(it)-280(by)-280(the)-281(decisive)-280(argument,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 189.062 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(How)-280(can)-281(Satan)-280(cast)]TJ -193.905 -13.549 Td [(out)-351(Satan?)-553(If)-351(Satan)-351(be)-351(divided)-351(against)-350(himself,)-377(how)-702(shall)-350(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([235])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(kingdom)-310(stand?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 70.047 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.225 0 Td [(In)-310(a)-310(word,)-325(he)-310(appealed)-310(to)-310(the)-310(moral)-310(aspect)-310(of)]TJ -78.272 -13.549 Td [(his)-390(miracles)-389(as)-390(a)-389(convincing)-390(proof)-390(that)-389(their)-390(accusation)-389(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-250(have)-250(been)-250(instigated)-250(by)-250(deliberate)-250(malice.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-454(same)-454(objection)-454(was)-454(doubtless)-454(urged)-454(against)-454(his)-453(other)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(miracles,)-383(although)-356(it)-356(is)-356(nowhere)-357(stated)-356(in)-356(express)-356(terms)-356(in)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gospels.)-244(But)-232(whatever)-232(absurd)-233(beliefs)-232(may)-232(have)-232(been)-232(entertained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-194(the)-194(learned)-194(Rabbis,)-205(they)-194(were)-194(easily)-194(met)-194(by)-194(the)-194(common)-194(sense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-315(the)-315(people.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 65.942 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(We)-315(know,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 45.542 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.277 0 Td [(said)-315(the)-314(Rabbis,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 74.415 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(that)-315(this)-314(man)-315(is)-315(a)]TJ -203.864 -13.549 Td [(sinner.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 29.389 0 Td [(\035)-205(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.929 0 Td [(How)-205(can)-206(a)-205(man)-206(that)-205(is)-205(a)-206(sinner)-205(perform)-206(such)-205(miracles?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 234.469 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.55 Td [(is)-244(the)-244(reply.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 53.784 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Whether)-244(he)-244(be)-244(a)-244(sinner,)-246(I)-244(know)-244(not,)-245(but)-244(one)-244(thing)-244(I)]TJ -58.628 -13.549 Td [(know,)-208(that)-198(whereas)-198(I)-197(was)-198(blind,)-208(now)-198(I)-198(see.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 181.383 0 Td [(\035)-198(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.844 0 Td [(Can)-198(a)-197(devil)-198(open)-198(the)]TJ -193.227 -13.549 Td [(eyes)-248(of)-248(the)-248(blind?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 77.191 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.549 0 Td [(It)-248(is)-248(evident)-248(that)-248(the)-248(difficulties)-248(suggested)-248(by)]TJ -84.74 -13.549 Td [(the)-190(author)-189(of)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 56.495 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Supernatural)-190(Religion)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 95.395 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.911 0 Td [(as)-190(to)-189(the)-190(evidential)-189(value)-190(of)]TJ -163.644 -13.549 Td [(miracles)-237(being)-237(nullified)-237(by)-237(the)-237(views)-237(which)-237(prevailed)-236(respecting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(demoniacal)-272(action)-272(were)-272(not)-272(appreciated)-272(when)-272(the)-272(fourth)-271(Gospel)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-317(composed,)-333(although)-316(according)-317(to)-316(this)-317(theory)-316(they)-317(ought)-316(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-296(been)-296(at)-297(that)-296(time)-296(in)-296(full)-296(force.)-389(But)-296(apart)-296(from)-296(the)-296(peculiar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character)-279(ascribed)-279(to)-279(Satanic)-279(supernaturalism)-279(in)-279(the)-279(New)-278(Testa-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ment,)-368(the)-345(entire)-345(idea)-344(that)-345(there)-344(could)-345(have)-345(been)-344(any)-345(danger)-344(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(confounding)-257(Satanic)-256(miracles)-257(with)-257(the)-256(miracles)-257(of)-257(God,)-258(rests)-256(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-208(fallacy)-208(of)-208(confounding)-207(a)-208(mere)-208(objective)-208(fact)-208(with)-208(an)-208(action)-207(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-259(moral)-259(agent.)-277(A)-259(miracle)-259(does)-259(not)-259(consist)-259(merely)-259(in)-259(the)-259(outward)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +973 0 obj << +/Length 4555 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(208)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td 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[(his)-250(sight,)-250(and)-250(enable)-250(him)-250(to)-250(act)-250(accordingly.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([238])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -15.185 Td [(But)-327(it)-327(has)-328(been)-327(argued;)-366(if)-327(God)-327(is)-328(the)-327(moral)-327(Governor)-327(of)-327(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(universe,)-430(is)-393(He)-394(not)-394(bound)-393(to)-394(prevent)-394(a)-393(being)-394(like)-394(Satan)-393(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acting)-475(for)-475(the)-475(purposes)-475(of)-474(evil)-475(in)-475(the)-475(affairs)-475(of)-475(men?)-924(This)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +983 0 obj << +/Length 3149 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(210)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(question)-396(may)-397(be)-396(best)-397(answered)-396(by)-396(asking)-397(another.)-689(Is)-396(He)-396(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(the)-273(language)-274(respecting)-273(it)-273(in)-274(the)-273(New)-273(Testament)-274(is)-273(based)-273(on)-273(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(current)-250(ideas)-250(of)-250(the)-250(day.)]TJ 11.956 -15.148 Td [(It)-254(is)-254(desirable)-255(that)-254(the)-254(difficulty)-254(should)-255(be)-254(put)-254(in)-254(the)-254(strongest)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(light.)-407(I)-302(will)-302(therefore)-302(state)-303(it)-302(in)-302(the)-302(words)-303(of)-302(the)-302(author)-302(of)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 260.634 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Su-)]TJ -265.478 -13.549 Td [(pernatural)-244(Religion.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 87.201 0 Td [(\035)-244(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.353 0 Td [(It)-244(would)-245(be)-244(an)-245(insult)-244(to)-244(the)-245(understanding)]TJ -99.554 -13.549 Td [(of)-448(those)-449(who)-448(are)-449(considering)-448(this)-448(question,)-498(to)-449(pause)-448(here)-448(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prove)-318(that)-319(the)-318(historical)-318(books)-319(of)-318(the)-318(New)-319(Testament,)-335(speak)-318(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-334(clearest)-334(and)-335(most)-334(unmistakable)-334(terms)-334(of)-334(actual)-334(demoniacal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possession.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 49.397 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.993 0 Td [(Now)-380(what)-381(has)-380(become)-381(of)-380(this)-380(theory)-381(of)-380(disease?)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +994 0 obj << +/Length 5348 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(212)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(The)-258(Archbishop)-258(of)-258(Dublin)-258(is)-258(probably)-516(the)-258(only)-258(one)-258(who)-258(asserts)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([240])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-238(reality)-238(of)-238(demoniacal)-238(possession)-239(formerly,)-240(and)-238(in)-238(the)-238(present)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(day;)-432(and)-371(in)-371(this)-371(way)-371(we)-371(must)-370(say)-371(that)-371(he)-371(is)-371(consistent.)-613(Dean)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Milman,)-357(on)-335(the)-335(other)-335(hand,)-357(who)-335(spoke)-335(with)-335(the)-335(enlightenment)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-330(the)-329(19th)-330(century,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 91.854 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(has)-330(no)-329(scruple)-330(in)-329(averring)-330(his)-329(opinion)-330(on)]TJ -96.697 -13.549 Td [(the)-264(subject)-265(of)-264(demoniacal)-265(possession)-264(to)-265(be)-264(that)-265(of)-264(Joseph)-264(Mede,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lardner,)-363(Dr.)-522(Mead,)-363(Paley,)-364(and)-340(all)-341(the)-340(learned)-341(modern)-340(writers.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-418(was)-419(a)-418(kind)-418(of)-419(insanity,)-460(and)-418(nothing)-419(is)-418(more)-418(probable)-418(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-335(lunacy)-334(would)-335(take)-334(the)-335(turn,)-356(and)-334(speak)-335(the)-334(language)-335(of)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(passed)-302(from)-303(the)-302(man)-302(into)-302(the)-302(swine,)-316(some)-302(inaccuracy)-302(has)-302(crept)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-250(the)-250(narrative)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Evangelists.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(It)-409(will)-409(be)-409(at)-409(once)-409(seen)-409(that)-409(the)-409(all-important)-409(point)-818(in)-408(this)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -84.711 0 Td [([241])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(objection)-285(is)-285(the)-285(apparent)-285(acceptance)-285(by)-285(our)-285(Lord)-285(of)-284(demoniacal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possession,)-222(as)-215(being)-216(a)-215(correct)-215(account)-215(of)-215(an)-216(objective)-215(fact.)-238(I)-215(fully)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(agree)-255(with)-256(this)-255(writer,)-257(that)-256(those)-255(who)-256(affirm)-255(that)-256(it)-255(was)-255(madness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-313(nothing)-313(else)-312(are)-313(bound,)-329(when)-312(they)-313(propose)-313(this)-313(solution)-312(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +999 0 obj << 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[(Secondly,)-446(that)-407(our)-407(Lord)-407(himself,)-446(if)-407(the)-407(words)-407(attributed)-407(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Him)-238(are)-239(correctl)1(y)-239(reported,)-240(used)-239(language)-238(which)-238(seems)-238(to)-238(imply)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-250(He)-250(shared)-250(in)-250(this)-250(belief.)]TJ 11.956 -14.531 Td [(Thirdly,)-346(that)-326(in)-327(a)-327(particular)-326(instance,)-346(not)-327(only)-327(do)-653(the)-326(Evan-)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([242])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(gelists)-324(affirm)-324(that)-323(our)-324(Lord)-324(addressed)-324(a)-324(demoniac,)-342(but)-324(also)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(demons)-175(who)-175(possessed)-175(him,)-190(and)-175(that)-175(He)-175(permitted)-175(their)-174(departure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-219(a)-220(herd)-219(of)-219(swine,)-225(thereby)-220(apparently)-219(confirming)-219(the)-219(objective)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reality)-250(of)-250(the)-250(possession.)]TJ 11.956 -14.531 Td [(The)-275(quest)1(ion)-275(is)-275(a)-274(far)-275(more)-274(serious)-275(one,)-280(as)-275(it)-274(affects)-275(our)-274(Lord,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(than)-362(those)-362(on)-361(whose)-362(reports)-362(the)-361(statements)-362(of)-362(the)-362(Gospels)-361(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(founded.)-755(He)-419(is)-418(represented)-419(as)-418(being)-419(a)-418(divine)-418(person,)-461(and)-418(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(possessed)-351(in)-350(His)-351(human)-351(nature,)-376(not)-351(of)-350(infinite)-351(but)-351(of)-350(superhu-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-306(knowledge.)-419(His)-306(apparent)-306(sanction)-307(of)-306(an)-306(erroneous)-306(view)-306(is)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1004 0 obj << +/Length 4667 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(214)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(therefore)-306(a)-307(very)-306(different)-307(thing)-306(from)-307(the)-306(apparent)-307(sanction)-306(of)-306(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-404(an)-403(author)-404(of)-404(a)-403(Gospel,)-442(or)-404(from)-404(the)-403(mistaken)-404(views)-403(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-258(followers)-258(might)-258(have)-259(entertained)-258(as)-258(to)-258(the)-258(causes)-258(of)-258(a)-258(bodily)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disease.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(I)-178(should)-179(find)-178(no)-179(difficulty)-178(in)-179(adopting)-178(the)-179(theory)-178(of)-179(the)-178(eminent)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(writers)-202(above)-202(named,)-211(that)-202(the)-202(demoniacal)-202(possessions)-201(mentioned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-306(the)-306(New)-306(Testament,)-320(were)-306(nothing)-306(but)-306(forms)-306(of)-306(insanity,)-320(if)-305(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-258(not)-257(that)-258(our)-258(Lord)-257(has)-258(apparently)-257(recognised)-258(their)-258(reality.)-272(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-253(been)-253(urged)-254(that)-253(if)-253(possession)-253(was)-253(nothing)-253(but)-254(insanity,)-253(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-247(an)-247(end)-246(of)-247(the)-247(miracle.)-249(But)-247(this)-246(is)-247(not)-247(the)-247(case,)-247(for)-247(the)-247(cure)-247(of)-246(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(madman)-294(is)-293(quite)-294(as)-293(much)-293(a)-294(supernatural)-293(act)-294(as)-293(the)-294(expulsion)-293(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-250(demon.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(Let)-281(me)-281(now)-281(assume)-280(for)-281(argument's)-281(sake,)-289(that)-281(possession)-280(was)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(simple)-217(madness.)-240(How)-217(does)-217(such)-218(a)-217(supposition)-218(affect)-217(the)-217(veracity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-405(the)-405(authors)-405(of)-405(the)-405(Gospels,)-444(and)-405(their)-405(judgment)-405(as)-405(credible)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(historians)-250(of)-250(the)-250(events)-250(of)-250(our)-250(Lord's)-250(life?)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(If)-271(we)-271(assume)-271(that)-271(possession)-271(was)-271(madness,)-276(it)-271(is)-271(evident)-271(from)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-180(language)-179(which)-180(the)-179(Evangelists)-180(have)-180(employed)-179(that)-180(they)-179(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-274(shared)-273(in)-274(the)-274(ignorance)-274(of)-273(the)-274(times)-274(in)-273(which)-274(they)-274(lived)-273(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-373(the)-374(true)-373(causes)-374(of)-373(the)-373(complaint.)-620(When)-374(however)-373(we)-373(speak)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-302(the)-303(ignorance)-302(of)-302(any)-302(particular)-302(period,)-316(it)-302(should)-302(be)-302(observed)]TJ 4.009 -13.549 Td [(that)-367(the)-368(expression)-367(is)-368(an)-367(indefinite)-368(one.)-602(We)-368(have)-367(no)-368(right)-367(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -76.764 0 Td [([243])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(impute)-262(to)-261(any)-262(body)-261(of)-262(authors)-261(opinions)-262(on)-261(particular)-262(subjects)-261(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-314(their)-314(writings)-314(contain)-314(no)-315(traces.)-442(It)-314(has)-314(been)-314(affirmed,)-330(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-307(have)-308(seen,)-321(that)-308(the)-307(Jews)-307(of)-308(the)-307(apostolic)-307(age)-308(held)-307(a)-307(number)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-339(opinions)-340(on)-339(the)-339(subject)-339(of)-339(possession)-340(of)-339(the)-339(most)-339(grotesque)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-281(monstrous)-281(description.)-342(I)-281(have)-280(already)-281(shown)-281(that)-281(to)-280(impute)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-316(opinions)-317(to)-316(them,)-333(when)-316(no)-316(trace)-316(of)-316(them)-317(can)-316(be)-316(found)-316(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-250(writings)-250(is)-250(a)-250(most)-250(unfair)-250(mode)-250(of)-250(reasoning.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(When,)-469(therefore,)-468(I)-425(use)-425(the)-425(expression)-425(that)-425(they)-425(must)-424(have)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(shared)-319(in)-319(the)-319(ignorance)-319(of)-319(the)-319(age)-319(respecting)-319(the)-319(causes)-319(of)-318(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disease,)-430(I)-394(must)-395(guard)-394(against)-394(the)-394(danger)-395(of)-394(ascribing)-394(to)-394(them)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-379(greater)-379(degree)-379(of)-378(ignorance)-379(than)-379(that)-379(which)-379(they)-379(have)-378(actu-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ally)-416(shown.)-748(The)-416(expression,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 136.157 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(ignorance)-416(of)-416(the)-416(age,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 96.919 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.383 0 Td [(denotes)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1008 0 obj << +/Length 4592 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(215)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(no)-309(uniform)-310(quantity)-309(of)-309(ignorance)-309(shared)-310(in)-309(by)-309(every)-309(individual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alike.)-308(In)-270(an)-269(ignorant)-270(or)-269(superstitious)-269(age,)-275(one)-269(person)-270(may)-269(be)-269(far)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-304(so)-303(than)-304(another.)-411(It)-304(is)-304(quite)-303(conceivable)-304(that)-304(two)-303(thousand)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years)-421(hence)-421(human)-422(improvement)-421(may)-421(have)-421(become)-421(so)-421(great,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-294(those)-293(who)-294(live)-293(in)-294(the)-293(present)-293(century)-294(may)-293(be)-294(designated)-293(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ignorant.)-231(It)-191(may)-191(be)-192(hereafter)-191(asserted)-192(that)-191(such)-192(writers)-191(as)-191(Huxley,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tyndall,)-386(Herbert)-359(Spencer,)-387(and)-359(Mill)-358(shared)-359(in)-359(the)-359(ignorance)-359(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-370(age)-370(in)-370(which)-370(they)-370(lived)-370(on)-370(some)-370(important)-370(physical)-369(facts.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-223(from)-222(this)-223(it)-222(would)-223(be)-222(absurd)-223(to)-222(draw)-223(the)-222(conclusion)-223(that)-222(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-297(believers)-298(in)-297(the)-297(alleged)-297(facts)-298(of)-297(spiritualism)-297(because)-297(large)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(numbers)-341(of)-342(their)-341(contemporaries)-341(were)-342(known)-341(to)-341(have)-341(believed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-308(them,)-322(and)-308(spiritualistic)-307(publications)-308(enjoy)-308(a)-308(large)-307(circulation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(both)-250(in)-250(Europe)-250(and)-250(America)-250(in)-250(this)-250(nineteenth)-250(century.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(As)-312(far)-313(as)-312(the)-313(Evangelists)-312(are)-313(concerned,)-328(the)-312(supposition)-312(that)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(I)-262(am)-261(now)-262(considering)-261(involves)-262(nothing)-261(more)-262(than)-261(that)-262(they)-261(held)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-366(false)-366(theory)-366(as)-366(to)-367(the)-366(cause)-732(of)-366(a)-366(particular)-366(form)-366(of)-366(disease,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([244])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(and)-228(that)-229(they)-228(have)-228(used)-229(language)-228(respecting)-228(it)-229(that)-228(embodies)-228(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theory.)-236(In)-209(this)-209(point)-209(of)-209(view)-208(they)-209(would)-209(not)-209(differ)-209(from)-209(writers)-208(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(every)-248(age)-249(who)-248(have)-249(entertained)-248(false)-248(theories)-249(as)-248(to)-249(the)-248(causes)-248(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physical)-268(phenomena.)-303(In)-268(such)-267(cases)-268(it)-268(is)-268(easy)-267(to)-268(separate)-268(the)-267(fact)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-304(the)-304(incorrect)-304(view)-304(as)-304(to)-304(what)-304(were)-304(the)-304(causes)-304(of)-304(that)-304(fact.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Ancient)-285(philosophical)-284(writers)-285(held)-284(many)-285(false)-285(theories)-284(as)-285(to)-284(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(place)-340(of)-339(the)-340(local)-340(habitation)-339(in)-340(our)-340(bodies)-339(of)-340(certain)-339(affections)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-332(our)-332(moral)-331(nature.)-496(These)-332(can)-331(be)-332(traced)-332(very)-332(distinctly)-332(in)-331(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(language)-316(of)-316(the)-316(present)-316(day.)-448(Thus)-316(we)-316(say)-316(that)-316(a)-316(man)-316(is)-315(devoid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-382(heart,)-416(and)-382(talk)-382(of)-382(making)-383(appeals)-382(to)-382(the)-382(heart.)-647(These,)-415(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(multitudes)-389(of)-390(similar)-389(expressions)-390(which)-389(occur)-390(both)-389(in)-389(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-266(modern)-267(writings,)-270(involve)-266(false)-267(phi)1(losophical)-267(theories;)-274(but)-266(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-362(easy)-361(to)-362(separate)-362(the)-362(facts)-361(intended)-362(from)-362(the)-361(theories.)-585(Thus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-385(the)-385(authors)-384(of)-385(the)-385(Gospels)-385(inform)-385(us)-384(that)-385(our)-385(Lord)-385(cured)-384(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(demoniac,)-428(and)-393(give)-393(an)-392(account)-393(of)-393(the)-392(demoniac's)-393(outcries,)-428(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(though)-374(they)-374(were)-374(the)-375(utterances)-374(of)-374(a)-374(demon,)-405(we)-374(have)-374(only)-374(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(substitute)-208(madman)-209(for)-208(demoniac,)-217(and)-208(the)-208(correct)-209(state)-208(of)-208(the)-208(case)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-250(easily)-250(discovered.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1012 0 obj << +/Length 4637 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(216)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 11.956 -30.759 Td [(The)-216(real)-216(difficulty)-216(which)-215(is)-216(felt)-216(on)-216(this)-216(subject,)-223(arises)-216(not)-215(from)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-341(narratives)-340(as)-341(ordinary)-340(histories,)-363(but)-341(on)-340(the)-341(supposition)-340(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-217(writers)-216(possessed)-217(an)-217(inspiration)-217(which)-216(ought)-217(to)-217(have)-216(guarded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-331(from)-331(such)-331(errors.)-494(Popular)-331(theories)-331(of)-331(inspiration)-331(unques-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tionably)-313(render)-313(such)-313(an)-313(assumption)-313(necessary,)-329(but)-313(I)-313(can)-313(see)-313(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ground)-212(for)-212(it,)-220(either)-212(in)-213(the)-212(statements)-212(of)-212(the)-212(Gospels,)-220(or)-212(any)-212(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(portion)-350(of)-350(the)-350(New)-350(Testament.)-550(Nowhere)-350(is)-350(it)-350(affirmed)-350(that)-350(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(writers)-256(were)-257(to)-256(be)-256(guided)-257(into)-256(all)-257(truth,)-258(scientific,)-257(philosophical,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-336(even)-336(historical.)-507(All)-336(that)-336(is)-336(affirmed)-336(is)-336(that)-336(they)-336(possessed)-335(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(degree)-307(of)-307(supernatural)-307(enlightenment)-307(adequate)-307(to)-306(communicate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-429(Christian)-428(revelation)-429(to)-429(mankind.)-785(Neither)-429(is)-429(there)-857(a)-428(hint)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([245])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(given,)-266(nor)-263(can)-263(a)-263(fact)-262(be)-263(adduced,)-266(to)-263(show)-263(that)-263(their)-262(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(illumination)-300(extended)-299(beyond)-300(this.)-399(The)-300(spiritual)-300(gifts)-299(bestowed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-217(enlightenment)-217(beyond)-218(the)-217(special)-217(function)-217(of)-217(those)-217(gifts.)-239(This)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-415(affirmation)-414(of)-415(St.)-743(Paul)-415(in)-414(the)-415(Epistles)-414(to)-415(the)-414(Corinthians)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(makes)-425(clear.)-773(A)-425(person)-424(having)-425(the)-424(gift)-425(of)-424(tongues,)-468(if)-425(he)-424(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-384(also)-384(that)-384(of)-383(interpretation)-384(was)-384(unable)-384(to)-384(interpret)-384(his)-383(own)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(utterances,)-396(and)-368(the)-367(possession)-367(of)-367(the)-367(high)-367(gift)-367(of)-367(prophecy)-367(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-273(means)-273(exempted)-274(the)-273(possessor)-273(from)-273(the)-274(danger)-273(of)-273(using)-273(it)-273(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-359(manner)-360(to)-359(create)-360(confusion)-359(in)-359(the)-360(Church.)-578(Even)-359(the)-359(highest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apostolic)-240(gifts)-240(conferred)-239(no)-240(infallibility,)-242(but)-240(were)-240(strictly)-239(limited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-377(their)-377(proper)-378(functions)-377(of)-377(communicating)-377(the)-377(great)-377(truths)-377(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-311(Christian)-312(revelation.)-434(The)-311(idea)-312(that)-311(they)-312(conferred)-311(a)-311(general)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infallibility)-383(is)-383(no)-384(statement)-383(of)-383(the)-383(New)-384(Testament,)-416(but)-383(a)-383(pure)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(figment)-250(of)-250(the)-250(imagination.)]TJ 11.956 -18.458 Td [(It)-363(therefore)-364(by)-363(no)-364(means)-363(follows)-364(because)-363(the)-364(writers)-363(of)-363(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(New)-237(Testament)-237(had)-236(an)-237(illumination)-237(sufficient)-237(for)-237(their)-236(functions)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-217(they)-216(had)-217(any)-217(other)-217(than)-216(their)-217(ordinary)-217(enlightenment)-216(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-215(limit.)-238(They)-215(might)-215(have)-214(been)-215(good)-215(teachers)-215(of)-215(religious)-214(truth,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-194(yet)-194(utterly)-195(ignorant)-194(of)-194(physical)-194(science.)-232(The)-194(assertion)-194(may)-194(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(correct)-194(that)-195(St.)-231(Luke)-194(possessed)-195(a)-194(supernatural)-194(guidance)-194(sufficient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-361(enable)-362(him)-361(to)-362(compose)-361(the)-362(third)-361(Gospel,)-390(and)-361(yet)-362(it)-361(may)-361(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(no)-349(less)-350(true,)-374(that)-349(as)-349(a)-350(physician)-349(he)-349(had)-350(no)-349(medical)-349(knowledge)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beyond)-372(that)-372(of)-372(his)-372(time,)-402(and)-372(that)-372(he)-372(shared)-372(in)-372(all)-372(its)-372(errors)-372(as)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1016 0 obj << +/Length 4472 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(217)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(to)-399(the)-400(causes)-399(and)-400(cure)-399(of)-399(physical)-400(disease.)-698(A)-399(man)-400(may)-399(be)-399(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good)-262(physician)-262(of)-261(the)-262(soul,)-265(and)-262(at)-262(the)-261(same)-262(time)-262(a)-262(very)-261(ignorant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physician)-362(of)-362(the)-361(body.)-586(It)-361(is)-362(quite)-362(conceivable,)-390(therefore,)-389(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-312(the)-311(Evangelists)-312(or)-311(those)-312(followers)-311(of)-312(Christ)-311(from)-312(whom)-311(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(derived)-239(their)-240(accounts)-239(possessed)-239(various)-240(degrees)-239(of)-239(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enlightenment)-414(on)-413(matters)-414(directly)-413(affecting)-414(Christianity,)-908(that)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([246])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(they)-357(possessed)-356(none)-356(whatever)-357(as)-356(to)-357(the)-356(causes)-357(of)-356(disease,)-383(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-362(they)-362(may)-362(have)-361(viewed)-362(madness)-362(as)-362(a)-362(result)-362(of)-361(demoniacal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action,)-254(and)-253(described)-253(it)-253(accordingly.)-260(The)-253(facts)-253(would)-253(remain)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(same;)-456(the)-387(symptoms)-388(mi)1(ght)-388(have)-387(been)-387(exhibited,)-422(and)-387(the)-387(cure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(actually)-250(effected.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-218(the)-219(New)-218(Testament)-219(likewise)-218(affirms)-218(that)-219(our)-218(Lord)-218(impart-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ed)-192(to)-191(His)-192(followers)-192(the)-191(power)-192(of)-192(expelling)-191(demons,)-204(as)-191(well)-192(as)-191(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-273(healing)-272(diseases.)-318(Now,)-278(on)-273(the)-273(supposition)-272(that)-273(these)-272(demoni-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acs)-286(were)-286(simple)-286(maniacs,)-295(how)-286(does)-286(this)-286(affect)-286(the)-286(credibility)-285(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-250(narrative?)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(I)-214(reply)-214(that)-214(during)-213(the)-214(mission)-214(of)-214(the)-214(Apostles)-214(and)-214(the)-214(S)1(eventy)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(\050for)-410(these)-410(are)-410(the)-409(cases)-410(alluded)-410(to\051)-410(there)-410(is)-410(no)-410(promise)-409(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-287(of)-286(supernatural)-287(enlightenment.)-360(They)-287(were)-286(simply)-287(sent)-286(out)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-295(announce)-296(a)-295(specific)-295(fact,)-307(the)-295(near)-295(approach)-296(and)-295(setting)-295(up)-295(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-377(kingdom)-377(of)-376(heaven,)-409(and)-376(to)-377(work)-377(miracles)-377(in)-376(confirmation)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-325(it.)-477(It)-325(is)-326(true)-325(that)-325(in)-326(His)-325(address)-326(to)-325(them,)-344(our)-326(Lord)-325(told)-325(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-278(a)-278(time)-278(was)-279(coming)-278(when)-278(they)-278(would)-278(have)-278(to)-278(testify)-278(to)-278(Him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-319(princes)-320(and)-319(kings,)-337(and)-319(that)-320(He)-319(promises)-319(them,)-337(that)-319(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-297(receive)-297(supernatural)-297(assistance,)-309(suitable)-297(to)-297(the)-297(emergen-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cy.)-548(But)-350(this)-349(never)-350(arose)-349(during)-350(the)-349(mission)-350(in)-349(question.)-548(They)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-293(commanded)-292(to)-293(cure)-293(the)-292(reputed)-293(demoniac)-293(in)-292(confirmation)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-452(their)-453(mission.)-857(This)-452(would)-452(be)-453(an)-452(equally)-452(miraculous)-452(sign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whether)-291(he)-291(was)-292(one)-291(possessed)-291(or)-291(a)-291(simple)-292(maniac.)-373(In)-291(this)-291(case,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(therefore,)-221(there)-213(was)-213(no)-213(reason)-213(why)-213(they)-213(should)-213(be)-213(supernaturally)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enlightened)-374(as)-374(to)-374(the)-374(causes)-374(of)-374(this)-374(disease,)-405(more)-374(than)-374(of)-374(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other.)-495(No)-332(doubt)-332(the)-331(theories)-332(then)-332(prevalent)-332(as)-331(to)-332(the)-332(causes)-331(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(disease)-299(generally)-300(were)-299(very)-299(faulty.)-398(It)-299(could)-300(not)-299(be)-299(otherwise)-299(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-285(state)-284(of)-285(medical)-285(science)-284(at)-285(that)-285(period.)-354(So)-284(they)-285(must)-284(always)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1020 0 obj << +/Length 4825 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(218)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(have)-278(been)-279(while)-278(such)-279(a)-278(truth)-278(as)-279(the)-278(circulation)-278(of)-279(the)-278(blood)-278(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unknown.)-468(But)-203(the)-202(object)-202(of)-202(Christianity)-203(was)-202(not)-202(to)-202(communicate)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([247])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(scientific)-304(knowledge,)-317(or)-303(to)-304(teach)-304(the)-303(true)-304(causes)-304(of)-303(disease,)-317(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-346(discover)-346(truths)-346(mightily)-346(operative)-346(in)-346(the)-346(moral)-346(and)-346(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(worlds.)-397(It)-299(follows,)-311(therefore,)-311(that)-299(the)-299(ignorance)-299(of)-299(the)-298(disciples)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-324(to)-324(the)-324(actual)-324(causes)-324(of)-324(mania)-324(no)-324(more)-324(affects)-324(the)-323(credibility)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-248(the)-249(narrative)-248(than)-248(their)-249(ignorance)-248(of)-248(the)-249(causes)-248(of)-248(paralysis)-248(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(leprosy.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-216(is)-216(also)-216(evident)-215(from)-216(the)-216(statements)-216(of)-216(the)-216(Gospels,)-223(that)-215(there)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(were)-244(a)-244(considerable)-245(number)-244(of)-244(persons)-244(who)-244(practised)-244(exorcisms)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-427(various)-426(kinds,)-471(and)-427(who)-426(fully)-427(believed)-427(that)-426(the)-427(persons)-426(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whom)-331(they)-332(operated)-331(were)-332(possessed)-331(by)-331(demons.)-495(It)-331(seems)-331(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probable)-299(from)-298(the)-299(allusions)-298(made)-299(to)-299(them,)-310(that)-299(these)-298(exorcisms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-296(occasionally)-296(successful)-296(in)-295(effecting)-296(a)-296(cure;)-319(and)-296(it)-296(may)-295(be,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-185(frequently,)-197(in)-185(mitigating)-184(the)-185(symptoms.)-228(This,)-198(however,)-197(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-371(always)-370(the)-371(case;)-431(for)-370(the)-371(Evangelists)-370(describe)-371(the)-370(disciples)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-369(entirely)-369(unsuccessful)-369(in)-369(the)-369(case)-369(of)-369(the)-370(child,)-398(out)-369(of)-369(whom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-387(invoked)-388(the)-387(demon)-387(to)-387(depart)-387(in)-388(the)-387(name)-387(of)-387(Jesus.)-662(It)-387(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worthy)-420(of)-420(observation,)-462(that)-420(in)-420(this)-420(instance,)-462(the)-420(father)-420(of)-419(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(demoniac)-388(describes)-388(his)-389(son's)-388(case)-388(as)-388(a)-388(combination)-388(of)-388(lunacy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-310(possession,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 72.085 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(He)-310(is)-311(lunatic)-310(and)-310(sore)-311(vexed.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 129.324 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.229 0 Td [(Their)-310(failure)-311(is)]TJ -214.481 -13.549 Td [(directly)-271(attributed)-271(to)-271(want)-270(of)-271(faith,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 154.433 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.74 0 Td [(that)-271(there)-271(was)-271(something)]TJ -171.173 -13.549 Td [(wanting)-297(in)-297(their)-297(mental)-297(state)-297(which)-297(prevented)-297(them)-297(from)-297(exert-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ing)-332(the)-331(requisite)-332(influence)-331(over)-332(the)-331(lunatic)-332(youth.)-494(The)-332(want)-331(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(success)-320(with)-321(which)-320(exorcists)-320(were)-321(not)-320(unfrequently)-320(attended)-320(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strikingly)-343(set)-343(before)-343(us)-343(in)-343(the)-343(account)-343(given)-343(in)-343(the)-343(Acts)-343(of)-343(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Apostles,)-230(of)-225(the)-225(attempt)-226(made)-225(by)-225(certain)-225(Jewish)-225(exorcists)-225(to)-225(cure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-399(demoniac)-399(at)-400(Ephesus.)-697(In)-399(this)-399(case)-400(it)-399(not)-399(only)-399(ended)-399(in)-399(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(complete)-250(failure,)-250(but)-250(in)-250(an)-250(aggravation)-250(of)-250(the)-250(malady.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Now)-341(when)-341(we)-341(consider)-342(the)-341(various)-341(forms)-341(which)-682(mania)-341(as-)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -84.711 0 Td [([248])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(sumes,)-430(it)-395(is)-394(quite)-394(credible)-394(that)-395(exorcisms)-394(may)-394(have)-394(exerted)-394(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(favourable)-198(influence)-198(on)-197(it,)-208(altogether)-198(apart)-198(from)-198(any)-197(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(power)-359(possessed)-360(by)-359(the)-360(operator.)-578(It)-359(is)-359(clear)-360(that)-359(the)-359(supposed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(maniacs)-231(imagined)-231(themselves)-232(under)-231(the)-231(influence)-231(of)-231(demoniacal)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1025 0 obj << +/Length 4550 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(219)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(possession.)-477(When)-326(we)-326(consider)-325(the)-326(powerful)-326(influence)-326(that)-325(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mind)-402(is)-402(capable)-403(of)-402(exerting)-402(over)-402(another)-402(under)-402(these)-402(circum-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stances)-345(we)-346(can)-345(see)-346(that)-345(the)-346(presence)-345(of)-346(superior)-345(mental)-345(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-218(an)-218(influence)-219(exactly)-218(suited)-218(to)-218(produce)-219(a)-218(favourable)-218(result.)-239(In)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(our)-328(modern)-328(treatment)-328(of)-328(mania)-328(\050whatever)-328(may)-328(be)-328(the)-327(opinions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-217(to)-218(its)-217(physical)-218(origin\051)-217(it)-217(is)-218(now)-217(universally)-218(admitted)-217(that)-217(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(means)-326(are)-325(the)-326(most)-326(efficacious.)-477(Some)-325(obvious)-326(physical)-325(causes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-391(be)-391(dealt)-391(with)-391(and)-392(removed,)-426(while)-391(others)-391(cannot.)-673(But)-391(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(most)-412(successful)-412(operator)-411(on)-412(these)-412(forms)-411(of)-412(lunacy)-412(is)-412(he)-411(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(applies)-263(to)-262(them)-263(the)-263(most)-263(effective)-262(moral)-263(treatment,)-266(under)-262(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-370(many)-370(cases)-370(its)-370(symptoms)-370(have)-370(gradually)-370(disappeared.)-610(One)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-311(these)-310(modes)-311(of)-311(treatment)-311(is)-310(never)-311(to)-311(cross)-310(the)-311(patient)-311(on)-310(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subject)-357(of)-356(his)-357(delusions.)-569(Nothing)-356(is)-357(more)-356(remarkable)-357(than)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence)-272(which)-272(the)-272(efficient)-272(practitioner)-272(can)-272(exert)-272(over)-272(persons)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(suffering)-210(from)-209(these)-210(forms)-209(of)-210(madness,)-218(by)-209(the)-210(mere)-209(energy)-210(of)-209(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will;)-251(a)-250(display)-250(of)-251(mental)-250(power)-251(analogous)-250(to)-250(that)-251(of)-250(strong)-250(faith.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(This)-240(will)-239(often)-240(produce)-239(a)-240(calm)-239(among)-240(maniacs)-239(which)-240(persons)-239(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inferior)-224(endowments)-224(utterly)-224(fail)-224(to)-224(excite.)-241(It)-224(is)-224(an)-224(unquestionable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fact)-334(that)-334(high)-334(mental)-334(and)-334(moral)-334(power)-334(is)-334(capable)-334(of)-334(producing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(striking)-250(results)-250(on)-250(different)-250(forms)-250(of)-250(maniacal)-250(disease.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(This)-368(being)-369(so,)-398(it)-368(follows)-369(that)-368(exorcists)-368(might)-369(be)-368(capable)-368(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(exerting)-296(upon)-297(maniacs)-296(a)-296(powerful)-297(influence)-296(favourable)-296(to)-296(cure.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-423(the)-423(ancient)-423(world)-423(the)-423(usual)-423(treatment)-423(was)-423(that)-423(of)-422(extreme)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(harshness.)-252(The)-251(demoniac)-251(of)-251(Gadara)-250(had)-251(been)-251(bound)-251(with)-250(chains)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-383(fetters.)-651(This)-383(is)-383(now)-384(known)-383(to)-384(have)-383(a)-383(direct)-384(tendency)-766(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([249])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(aggravate)-389(the)-389(disease,)-424(rather)-389(than)-389(to)-389(cure)-389(it.)-667(It)-389(is)-388(no)-389(wonder,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(therefore,)-264(if)-261(the)-262(exorcist,)-264(by)-261(adopting)-261(an)-262(opposite)-261(mode)-261(of)-261(treat-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ment,)-409(and)-377(even)-377(by)-377(sympathizing)-377(with)-377(the)-377(sufferer's)-376(delusions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-253(capable)-253(of)-254(alleviating)-253(the)-253(symptoms)-253(of)-253(the)-253(complaint,)-254(if)-253(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-219(effecting)-219(a)-219(cure.)-240(The)-219(whole)-219(result)-219(may)-219(have)-219(been)-219(due)-218(to)-219(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence)-359(and)-359(spiritual)-359(power,)-386(which)-359(may)-359(have)-359(been)-359(taken)-359(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-299(expulsion)-299(of)-299(a)-298(demon.)-397(In)-299(whatever)-299(way)-299(it)-299(was)-298(effected,)-311(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cure)-250(or)-250(the)-250(alleviation)-250(was)-250(no)-250(less)-250(real.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-366(follows,)-396(therefore,)-395(that)-367(the)-366(exorcists)-366(of)-367(the)-366(ancient)-366(world)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1030 0 obj << +/Length 4893 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(220)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(were)-454(far)-454(from)-454(necessarily)-454(being)-454(a)-454(set)-454(of)-454(impostors,)-505(even)-454(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-392(supposition)-392(that)-392(possession)-392(was)-392(simple)-392(mania.)-676(They)-391(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-385(been)-385(able)-384(to)-385(effect)-385(real)-385(alleviations)-384(or)-385(even)-385(cures)-385(of)-384(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(complaint,)-357(although)-335(they)-335(were)-335(ignorant)-335(as)-335(to)-336(its)-335(cause,)-356(or)-335(how)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-392(exertions)-393(produced)-392(a)-392(successful)-393(result.)-677(There)-392(is)-392(nothing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inconsistent)-288(with)-288(their)-287(general)-288(honesty,)-297(if)-288(they)-288(themselves)-287(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-413(the)-413(belief)-413(that)-412(they)-413(were)-413(expelling)-413(demons,)-454(while)-412(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-334(really)-334(curing)-334(ordinary)-334(mania.)-502(It)-334(should)-334(also)-334(be)-334(observed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-324(a)-324(real)-324(power)-324(of)-324(exerting)-324(an)-324(influence)-324(on)-324(madmen)-324(was)-324(one)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-307(in)-308(those)-307(times)-308(of)-307(ignorance,)-322(both)-307(of)-308(mental)-307(and)-307(physical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(science,)-291(admitted)-283(of)-282(fearful)-283(abuse,)-291(and)-283(if)-282(exercised)-283(for)-283(evil)-282(pur-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poses,)-295(was)-286(capable)-286(of)-285(producing)-286(many)-286(of)-286(the)-286(worst)-286(results)-285(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-245(the)-245(practice)-245(of)-245(witchcraft)-245(and)-245(sorcery)-245(have)-245(been)-245(attended.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(A)-262(large)-262(portion)-261(of)-262(these)-262(latter)-261(operations)-262(no)-262(doubt)-262(resulted)-261(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-322(successful)-321(practice)-322(of)-322(ocular)-321(deception,)-340(but)-322(another)-321(portion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-251(them)-250(unquestionably)-251(resulted)-250(from)-251(the)-250(mighty)-251(influences)-250(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-272(powerful)-272(mind)-272(can)-272(exert)-272(over)-272(a)-272(weak,)-278(imaginative,)-277(and)-272(super-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stitious)-267(one.)-300(There)-267(are)-266(many)-267(depths)-267(of)-266(human)-267(nature)-267(into)-266(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(science)-335(has)-336(as)-335(yet)-335(failed)-336(to)-335(penetrate;)-378(and)-335(among)-336(these)-335(are)-335(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(entire)-250(phenomena)-250(of)-250(mania)-250(and)-250(religious)-250(frenzy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([250])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -18.458 Td [(These)-308(facts)-309(and)-308(considerations)-309(are)-308(sufficient)-309(to)-308(vindicate)-308(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(credibility)-390(of)-389(the)-390(writers)-389(of)-390(the)-389(New)-390(Testament)-389(in)-390(their)-389(state-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ment,)-226(that)-220(a)-220(power)-219(of)-220(exorcism)-220(was)-220(known)-220(and)-220(exercised)-220(in)-219(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time,)-268(and)-264(that)-264(its)-264(exercise)-265(was)-264(at)-264(times)-264(attended)-264(with)-264(favourable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(results.)-360(The)-287(statement)-286(on)-287(this)-287(subject)-287(attributed)-286(to)-287(our)-287(Lord,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 268.521 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(If)]TJ -273.365 -13.549 Td [(I)-255(by)-254(Satan)-254(cast)-255(out)-254(devils,)-256(by)-255(whom)-254(do)-255(your)-254(sons)-254(cast)-255(them)-254(out?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(therefore)-337(shall)-337(they)-336(be)-337(your)-337(judges,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 158.637 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.517 0 Td [(is)-337(plainly)-337(an)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 58.901 0 Td [(ad)-337(hominem)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -226.055 -13.55 Td [(argument.)-241(It)-223(amounts)-223(to)-222(no)-223(more)-223(than)-223(this;)-232(You)-223(Pharisees)-222(accuse)]TJ 0 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[(when)-248(it)-248(affirms)-248(that)-248(the)-248(demons)-248(in)-248(objective)-248(reality)-248(left)-248(the)-247(body)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(man)-250(and)-250(entered)-250(into)-250(the)-250(swine.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(I)-196(answer)-197(that)-197(there)-196(is)-197(nothing)-196(in)-197(the)-196(Evangelists)-197(which)-196(requires)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(us)-217(to)-218(consider)-217(their)-218(words)-217(as)-218(an)-217(accurately)-218(scientific)-217(statement)-217(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-206(mode)-207(in)-206(which)-207(the)-206(demon)-207(acted)-206(on)-207(the)-206(mind)-207(of)-206(the)-206(possessed.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(It)-284(is)-284(true)-285(that)-284(they)-284(repeatedly)-284(say)-284(that)-285(they)-284(entered)-284(in)-284(and)-284(out)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-206(the)-205(man,)-215(but)-205(this)-206(may)-206(well)-205(be)-206(in)-206(conformity)-205(with)-206(popular)-205(ideas)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(who)-202(considers)-203(the)-202(mode)-203(in)-202(which)-202(the)-203(Gospels)-202(are)-203(composed,)-211(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirm)-294(that)-293(our)-294(Lord)-293(by)-294(using)-293(these)-293(words)-294(intended)-293(to)-294(convey)-293(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scientific)-250(truth)-251(as)-250(to)-251(his)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 104.566 0 Td [(modus)-250(operandi)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 73.341 0 Td [(in)-250(performing)-251(the)-250(mira-)]TJ -177.907 -13.55 Td [(cle,)-295(or)-286(that)-286(it)-285(was)-286(actually)-286(performed)-286(by)-286(some)-286(subtle)-285(emanation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(called)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 29.363 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Power,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 30.6 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.155 0 Td [(which)-304(issued)-303(from)-304(his)-303(person.)-411(With)-304(those)-303(who)]TJ -72.962 -13.549 Td [(assume)-262(that)-261(neither)-262(our)-262(Lord)-261(nor)-262(his)-262(Apostles)-261(could)-262(use)-261(popular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expressions)-349(of)-349(this)-349(kind,)-374(but)-350(were)-349(bound)-349(to)-349(use)-349(terms)-349(of)-349(strict)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scientific)-296(accuracy)-296(all)-297(reasoning)-296(is)-296(thrown)-296(away.)-389(If)-296(the)-296(strictest)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(verbal)-245(accuracy)-246(must)-245(be)-245(observed)-246(on)-245(every)-245(occasion)-246(it)-245(would)-245(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incorrect)-271(to)-271(say)-271(that)-271(a)-272(physician)-271(has)-271(cured)-271(a)-271(lunatic,)-276(for)-271(the)-271(idea)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-269(which)-270(the)-269(term)-269(lunacy)-269(is)-270(founded)-269(is)-269(scientifically)-269(inaccurate.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-195(follows)-195(therefore)-195(that)-196(the)-195(terms)-195(which)-195(are)-195(so)-195(constantly)-195(applied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-210(demons)-210(in)-210(the)-211(New)-210(Testament,)-218(that)-210(they)-210(entered)-210(into,)-218(departed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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77.652 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(If)-271(Jesus)-270(knew)-271(that)-271(the)-270(Jewish)-271(belief)-271(in)-270(demo-)]TJ -82.495 -13.549 Td [(niacal)-359(possession)-358(was)-359(baseless)-359(and)-359(that)-358(Satan)-359(did)-359(not)-358(exercise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-311(power)-310(over)-311(the)-311(bodies)-311(or)-310(spirits)-311(of)-311(men)-310(there)-311(would)-311(be)-310(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-300(language)-299(that)-300(absence)-300(of)-299(agreement)-300(between)-300(thoughts)-299(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(words)-250(in)-250(which)-250(the)-250(essence)-250(of)-250(a)-250(lie)-250(consists.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 192.393 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -180.437 -18.458 Td [(If)-474(this)-474(position)-475(is)-474(correct)-474(it)-474(involves)-475(a)-474(principle)-474(far)-474(more)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(extensive)-432(than)-433(the)-432(case)-432(immediately)-433(before)-432(us.)-797(It)-432(is)-432(nothing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(other)-303(erroneous)-302(opinions)-303(which)-303(the)-302(Jews)-303(entertained)-302(respecting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-443(interpretation)-442(of)-443(the)-443(Old)-442(Testament.)-828(In)-443(fact)-442(it)-443(would)-442(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(difficult)-421(to)-422(assign)-421(any)-421(limits)-421(to)-421(our)-422(Lord's)-421(duty)-421(of)-421(correcting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(popular)-250(errors)-250(which)-250(had)-250(any)-250(kind)-250(of)-250(bearing)-250(on)-250(religious)-250(truth.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But)-225(to)-225(return)-225(to)-225(the)-225(demoniacs.)-242(Is)-225(there)-225(any)-225(thing)-449(inconsistent)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -84.711 0 Td [([259])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(with)-184(our)-184(Lord's)-184(truthfulness,)-197(if)-184(we)-184(suppose)-184(that)-184(they)-184(were)-184(lunatics)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-330(nothing)-329(more,)-349(in)-330(his)-329(using)-330(the)-329(current)-330(language)-329(of)-330(the)-329(day)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(respecting)-294(them?)-380(Let)-294(it)-294(be)-293(observed)-294(that)-293(two)-294(considerations)-293(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(really)-319(involved;)-354(first,)-336(our)-319(Lord)-319(is)-319(represented)-319(as)-319(conversing)-319(di-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rectly)-235(with)-236(the)-235(demoniac.)-245(Secondly,)-238(He)-236(also)-235(occasionally)-235(speaks)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-272(demoniacal)-273(possession)-272(in)-272(his)-272(ordinary)-273(teaching)-272(in)-272(the)-272(current)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(language)-272(of)-272(the)-273(day.)-316(Now)-272(if)-272(it)-273(be)-272(admitted)-272(to)-272(be)-272(consistent)-272(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-421(truthfulness)-421(to)-422(address)-421(such)-421(language)-421(to)-421(the)-421(maniac,)-464(is)-421(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(equally)-250(so)-250(to)-250(employ)-250(such)-250(language)-250(in)-250(his)-250(discourses)-250(to)-250(others?)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-310(observe)-310(first,)-326(that)-310(if)-310(possession)-310(was)-311(mania,)-325(the)-310(real)-310(ground)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-375(the)-374(popular)-375(error)-374(was)-374(an)-375(erroneous)-374(opinion)-375(as)-374(to)-375(the)-374(cause)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-370(a)-371(natural)-370(disorder.)-611(The)-370(popular)-370(belief)-370(in)-371(fact)-370(ascribed)-370(it)-370(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supernatural)-315(instead)-315(of)-315(natural)-315(causes.)-446(So)-315(far,)-331(but)-315(no)-315(farther,)-331(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(touched)-370(religious)-370(questions.)-610(To)-370(correct)-370(the)-370(error)-370(involved)-370(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(merely)-280(the)-281(teaching)-280(of)-281(religious)-280(truth,)-288(but)-280(in)-281(this)-280(particular)-280(case)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-381(enunciation)-381(of)-381(sounder)-381(principles)-381(of)-381(mental)-381(philosophy.)-643(I)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(think)-317(that)-318(I)-317(may)-317(fearlessly)-318(affirm)-317(that)-317(the)-318(teaching)-317(of)-317(scientific)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truth,)-240(either)-237(mental)-238(or)-237(material,)-240(did)-237(not)-238(come)-237(within)-238(the)-237(scope)-237(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-256(Lord's)-255(divine)-256(mission.)-266(Political)-256(truth)-256(is)-255(a)-256(part)-255(of)-256(moral)-255(truth,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-247(moral)-248(truth)-247(is)-248(closely)-247(allied)-247(to)-248(religious)-247(truth.)-249(Now)-247(although)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Christianity)-235(is)-235(a)-235(power)-235(which)-235(will)-235(ultimately)-235(reform)-235(the)-234(political)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world,)-442(our)-404(Lord)-403(expressly)-404(affirmed)-404(that)-403(it)-404(was)-404(no)-403(part)-404(of)-403(his)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1068 0 obj << +/Length 4495 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(229)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(mission)-250(to)-250(enunciate)-250(political)-250(truth.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(In)-315(the)-315(same)-315(manner)-316(it)-315(may)-315(have)-315(formed)-315(no)-315(direct)-315(portion)-315(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(his)-220(mission)-220(to)-220(teach)-220(correct)-220(views)-220(respecting)-220(the)-220(origin)-220(of)-220(mania,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-359(to)-358(counteract)-359(the)-359(opinions)-359(which)-358(ascribed)-359(it)-359(to)-358(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(causes.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(If)-330(this)-330(principle)-330(is)-331(correct,)-350(there)-330(is)-330(nothing)-330(inconsistent)-330(with)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(his)-420(truthfulness)-421(if)-420(when)-421(our)-420(Lord)-420(conversed)-421(with)-420(a)-420(supposed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(demoniac,)-221(He)-214(addressed)-214(him)-214(in)-214(language)-428(which)-214(took)-214(for)-213(granted)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([260])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(truth)-250(of)-251(his)-250(delusions.)-250(Even)-251(if)-250(it)-250(is)-250(supposed)-250(that)-250(truthfulness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(required)-257(that)-257(He)-256(should)-257(have)-257(exposed)-257(a)-256(popular)-257(delusion,)-258(surely)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(it)-443(was)-443(no)-444(occasion)-443(for)-443(doing)-443(so,)-492(when)-443(He)-443(was)-443(addressing)-443(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(madman.)-247(Who)-242(would)-241(affirm)-242(that)-242(a)-241(physician)-242(is)-241(wanting)-242(in)-241(truth-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fulness)-261(if)-260(he)-261(addresses)-260(his)-261(patient)-260(in)-260(terms)-261(of)-260(his)-261(own)-260(delusions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-342(imagines)-342(that)-342(it)-342(is)-342(his)-342(duty)-342(to)-342(enter)-342(into)-342(a)-342(discussion)-342(with)-342(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(madman)-250(as)-250(to)-250(the)-250(causes)-250(of)-250(his)-250(malady?)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(On)-234(these)-234(principles)-234(it)-233(is)-234(quite)-234(consistent)-234(with)-234(our)-234(Lord's)-234(truth-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(fulness)-212(to)-212(suppose)-211(that)-212(the)-212(dialogue)-211(with)-212(the)-212(demoniac)-212(of)-211(Gadara)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(actually)-362(occurred,)-390(while)-362(He)-362(himself)-362(knew)-362(that)-362(possession)-361(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(nothing)-366(but)-365(mania.)-598(Let)-365(us)-366(suppose)-366(that)-366(the)-365(man)-366(was)-366(a)-365(raving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(madman.)-348(He)-283(had)-283(been)-282(treated)-283(cruelly.)-348(He)-283(rushed)-283(towards)-282(Jesus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-355(was)-355(awed)-355(by)-355(the)-355(greatness)-355(of)-355(his)-355(character.)-565(The)-354(dialogue)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(takes)-256(place,)-257(as)-256(it)-256(is)-256(described)-256(by)-256(the)-256(Evangelist.)-268(I)-256(see)-256(no)-256(want)-255(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truthfulness)-263(on)-263(our)-263(Lord's)-263(part,)-266(nor)-263(can)-263(I)-263(conceive)-263(any)-263(necessity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-338(explaining)-339(to)-338(the)-339(man)-338(that)-338(he)-339(was)-338(not)-338(possessed)-339(by)-338(a)-338(mul-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(titude)-340(of)-341(demons;)-386(or)-340(if)-340(the)-341(madman)-340(requested)-341(that)-340(the)-340(demons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-377(whom)-377(he)-377(imagined)-377(himself)-377(possessed)-377(might)-377(be)-377(allowed)-376(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(go)-379(into)-380(the)-379(swine,)-412(that)-380(our)-379(Lord)-379(should)-380(explain)-379(to)-380(him)-379(that)-379(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-359(impossible)-359(that)-359(they)-359(should)-359(do)-359(so)-359(because)-359(the)-359(idea)-359(of)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(demoniac)-341(was)-341(a)-341(delusion.)-523(The)-341(case)-341(would)-341(be)-341(one)-341(of)-340(confused)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-219(double)-219(personality,)-225(and)-219(accordingly)-219(the)-219(narrator)-219(has)-219(described)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-235(demons)-235(and)-236(the)-235(man)-235(as)-235(alternately)-236(speaking,)-238(and)-235(our)-235(Lord)-235(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(addressing)-276(them.)-329(In)-276(such)-277(a)-276(case)-276(the)-276(form)-277(of)-276(the)-276(narrative)-276(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-250(modified)-250(by)-250(the)-250(subjective)-250(impressions)-250(of)-250(the)-250(narrator.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(But)-341(the)-341(words)-341(which)-341(our)-341(Lord)-341(is)-341(described)-341(as)-341(addressing)-340(to)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1072 0 obj << +/Length 5425 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(230)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-278(demoniac)-279(lad)-278(also)-279(require)-278(consideration.)-335(St.)-335(Mark)-278(describes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-289(as)-289(follows.)-366(Jesus)-289(rebuked)-289(the)-289(foul)-288(spirit,)-299(saying)-289(unto)-288(him,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Thou)-387(deaf)-773(and)-386(dumb)-387(spirit,)-421(I)-386(charge)-387(thee)-387(come)-386(out)-387(of)-386(him,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -77.599 0 Td [([261])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(and)-353(enter)-353(no)-352(more)-353(into)-353(him;)-404(and)-353(the)-353(spirit)-352(cried,)-379(and)-353(rent)-352(him)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sore)-295(and)-294(came)-295(out)-294(of)-295(him.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 115.742 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.057 0 Td [(Let)-295(us)-294(suppose)-295(that)-294(the)-295(disease)-294(was)]TJ -123.799 -13.549 Td [(mania,)-379(and)-353(that)-354(our)-353(Lord)-353(knew)-354(it)-353(to)-353(be)-353(so,)-380(but)-353(that)-353(the)-353(father,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-289(well)-288(as)-289(the)-289(maniac)-288(and)-289(the)-289(others)-288(who)-289(were)-289(present)-288(believed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-262(it)-261(was)-262(caused)-261(by)-262(the)-261(action)-262(of)-262(an)-261(evil)-262(spirit.)-284(What)-262(was)-261(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inconsistent)-328(with)-327(veracity)-328(in)-328(addressing)-328(the)-327(maniac)-328(in)-328(terms)-327(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-236(own)-235(delusions?)-246(If)-235(it)-236(is)-236(urged)-235(that)-236(the)-235(belief)-236(in)-236(possession)-235(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-324(superstition,)-342(and)-324(that)-323(to)-324(use)-324(such)-323(language)-324(tended)-324(to)-323(confirm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(belief,)-250(I)-251(reply)-250(that)-251(if)-250(we)-251(assume)-250(that)-251(our)-250(Lord)-250(was)-251(bound)-250(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-373(use)-373(the)-373(language)-372(which)-373(was)-373(common)-373(among)-373(his)-373(hearers)-372(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(Mark)-372(gives)-372(them)-371(as)-372(follows:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 134.93 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(He)-372(rebuked)-372(the)-371(winds)-372(and)-372(said)]TJ -139.774 -13.55 Td [(to)-288(the)-289(sea,)-298(Peace,)-298(be)-288(still.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 111.986 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.99 0 Td [(The)-288(word)-289(here)-288(rendered)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 108.903 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Be)-288(still)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 31.641 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.99 0 Td [(is)]TJ -273.354 -13.549 Td [(in)-302(the)-302(Greek)-302(far)-302(more)-302(emphatic,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 145.628 0 Td [(Be)-302(gagged)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 50.215 0 Td [(\050)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(\300\265\306)]TJ/F38 10.9091 Tf 17.28 0 Td [(w)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 3.207 0 Td [(\274\311\303\277)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.164 0 Td [(\051.)-406(In)-302(the)]TJ -244.127 -13.549 Td 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[(See)-250(for)-249(example,)-250(Matt.)-250(v.)-250(39-42,)-250(Luke)-249(vi.)-250(20,)-250(21,)-250(24-26,)-249(and)-250(various)-250(others)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(of)-250(a)-250(similar)-250(description.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1090 0 obj << +/Length 4685 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(234)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(described)-272(as)-273(wrought)-272(on)-273(the)-272(human)-272(body,)-278(or)-273(on)-272(external)-272(nature.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-278(Evangelists)-279(do)-278(not)-279(record)-278(a)-279(single)-278(miracle)-279(beside)-278(these)-278(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-308(wrought)-308(on)-308(the)-307(human)-308(mind.)-424(This)-307(is)-308(a)-308(remarkable)-308(fact.)-423(In)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-317(course)-318(of)-317(his)-318(ministry)-317(He)-318(encountered)-317(every)-318(form)-317(of)-317(moral)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(and)-401(spiritual)-401(means)-401(and)-401(not)-400(to)-401(miracles)-401(to)-401(effect)-401(it.)-702(Physical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(diseases)-293(He)-292(cures)-293(instantaneously,)-303(moral)-293(ones)-585(slowly)-293(and)-292(with)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([266])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(effort.)-354(This)-285(fact)-284(is)-285(worthy)-285(of)-284(deep)-285(attention)-285(as)-284(showing)-285(that)-284(our)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Lord)-323(uniformly)-323(acted)-322(in)-323(conformity)-323(with)-322(the)-323(laws)-323(of)-323(the)-322(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universe.)-320(If)-273(the)-273(Gospels)-273(are)-274(fictions,)-279(why)-273(is)-273(the)-273(Great)-273(Physician)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-217(Souls)-217(never)-217(represented)-217(as)-217(performing)-217(a)-217(sudden)-217(or)-216(miraculous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cure)-369(in)-369(the)-369(moral)-369(and)-369(spiritual)-369(worlds,)-399(in)-369(the)-369(same)-369(manner)-369(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-264(does)-265(in)-264(the)-265(material?)-293(The)-265(need)-264(of)-265(miraculous)-264(intervention)-264(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(secure)-346(Simon)-347(Peter)-346(from)-347(the)-346(moral)-346(and)-347(spiritual)-346(danger)-346(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(surrounded)-314(him)-313(was)-314(as)-313(great)-314(as)-314(to)-313(prevent)-314(him)-313(from)-314(sinking)-313(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-267(water.)-301(Yet)-266(no)-267(other)-267(than)-267(moral)-267(and)-267(spiritual)-267(influences)-266(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(called)-250(into)-250(action.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(The)-214(following)-214(is)-214(the)-214(bearing)-214(of)-214(this)-214(fact)-214(on)-214(the)-214(question)-214(before)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(us.)-465(If)-321(the)-322(cure)-321(of)-322(a)-321(demoniac)-322(was)-321(the)-322(expulsion)-321(of)-322(a)-321(demon,)-339(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(involved)-286(the)-286(liberation)-285(of)-286(a)-286(moral)-286(nature)-285(from)-286(its)-286(thraldom,)-294(and)]TJ 0 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[(of)-295(sympathy,)-306(and)-294(in)-295(bringing)-295(to)-295(bear)-294(on)-295(them)-295(the)-295(mighty)-294(moral)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1094 0 obj << +/Length 2759 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(235)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(and)-377(spiritual)-377(forces)-376(which)-377(abode)-377(in)-377(his)-376(lofty)-377(personality.)-630(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-354(remark)-355(would)-354(be)-354(equally)-355(true)-354(if)-354(the)-355(sufferer)-354(was)-354(held)-354(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thrall)-281(by)-280(demoniacal)-281(power.)-342(Each)-281(class)-281(of)-280(miracles)-281(in)-281(the)-280(mode)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-334(their)-334(performance)-334(is)-334(exactly)-334(suited)-334(to)-334(the)-334(condition)-334(of)-333(those)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-253(whom)-253(our)-252(Lord)-253(was)-253(operating.)-258(On)-253(either)-253(supposition)-253(He)-252(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dealing)-272(not)-271(merely)-272(with)-272(physical)-271(forces,)-277(but)-272(with)-272(moral)-271(agency,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(He)-250(dealt)-250(with)-250(it)-250(accordingly.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(I)-190(conclude,)-201(therefore,)-202(that)-190(if)-190(it)-189(may)-190(be)-190(taken)-189(as)-380(established)-189(that)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([267])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(possession)-193(involved)-194(nothing)-193(but)-193(simple)-194(mania,)-204(there)-194(is)-193(nothing)-193(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-251(facts)-251(as)-251(they)-250(are)-251(recorded)-251(in)-251(the)-251(New)-251(Testament)-250(inconsistent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-286(that)-286(supposition,)-294(or)-286(which)-286(affects)-285(the)-286(credit)-286(of)-286(the)-285(Gospels)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-321(historical)-322(narratives.)-464(Nor)-321(are)-321(they)-322(inconsistent)-321(with)-321(the)-321(idea)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-196(their)-195(writers)-196(were)-195(favoured)-196(with)-195(such)-196(supernatural)-195(assistance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-367(composing)-368(them)-367(as)-367(was)-367(adequate)-367(for)-368(the)-367(purpose)-367(of)-367(giving)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(us)-292(such)-293(an)-292(account)-292(of)-292(the)-293(actions)-292(and)-292(teachings)-293(of)-292(Jesus)-292(as)-292(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessary)-248(for)-247(communicating)-248(all)-247(the)-248(great)-248(truths)-247(of)-248(the)-247(Christian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revelation.)-658(Nor)-387(is)-386(the)-386(supposition)-386(inconsistent,)-420(as)-386(it)-386(has)-386(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alleged)-250(to)-250(be,)-250(with)-250(His)-250(divine)-250(character)-250(and)-250(truthfulness.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(I)-241(will)-241(examine)-241(in)-240(the)-241(next)-241(chapter)-241(the)-241(supposition)-241(that)-240(posses-)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(sion)-250(was)-250(not)-250(mania,)-250(but)-250(an)-250(actual)-250(objective)-250(fact.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 -29.65 Td [([268])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1103 0 obj << +/Length 3428 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 18.9589 Tf 93.543 479.321 Td [(Chapter)-264(XII.)-264(Possession,)-268(If)-264(An)]TJ 0 -24.647 Td [(Objective)-240(Reality,)-242(Neither)-240(Incredible)]TJ 0 -24.646 Td [(Nor)-257(Contrary)-257(To)-257(The)-257(Ascertained)]TJ 0 -24.647 Td [(Truths)-250(Of)-250(Mental)-250(Science.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 0 -39.701 Td [(I)-282(now)-281(proceed)-282(to)-282(the)-282(consideration)-281(of)-282(the)-282(remaining)-281(alternative,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-211(truth)-211(of)-212(which)-211(the)-211(form)-211(of)-211(the)-212(narrative)-211(seems)-211(most)-211(to)-211(favour,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(viz.,)-352(that)-331(our)-332(Lord)-331(accepted)-332(the)-331(distinction)-332(between)-331(possession)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-300(mania;)-326(and)-300(that)-300(during)-300(those)-301(times)-300(possessions)-300(were)-300(actual)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(occurrences.)]TJ 11.956 -15.005 Td [(In)-314(considering)-315(this)-314(subject,)-330(it)-315(will)-314(be)-314(necessary)-315(to)-314(pay)-314(atten-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(tion)-354(to)-354(the)-354(distinction)-354(to)-354(which)-354(I)-354(have)-354(referred)-354(in)-354(the)-354(previous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chapter,)-334(that)-317(even)-317(if)-317(many)-317(of)-317(the)-317(phenomena)-316(that)-317(accompanied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possession)-293(were)-293(due)-293(to)-292(superhuman)-293(agency,)-304(the)-293(Gospels)-293(are)-292(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-212(means)-212(pledged)-211(to)-212(any)-212(particular)-211(theory)-212(of)-212(the)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 210.444 0 Td [(modus)-212(operandi)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -210.444 -13.55 Td [(by)-186(which)-186(the)-187(phenomena)-186(were)-186(brought)-186(about.)-229(What)-186(I)-186(mean)-186(is)-186(that)]TJ 0 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[(his)-306(action)-306(on)-306(the)-306(mind)-306(used)-306(for)-306(his)-306(own)-306(purposes)-306(the)-306(organs)-305(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-800(body.)-701(The)-400(writers)-400(of)-400(the)-400(New)-400(Testament)-400(are)-400(pledged)-400(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([269])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(no)-461(theory)-462(as)-461(to)-462(how)-461(such)-461(results)-462(were)-461(effected.)-884(They)-461(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(simply)-279(reported)-278(the)-279(phenomena)-278(as)-279(they)-278(presented)-279(themselves)-278(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-342(observation.)-525(In)-342(doing)-342(this,)-365(the)-342(language)-342(which)-342(they)-341(have)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1107 0 obj << +/Length 4440 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(237)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(employed)-241(denotes)-240(local)-241(habitation;)-244(but)-241(the)-240(words)-241(used)-241(in)-240(stilling)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(storm)-313(make)-314(it)-314(quite)-313(clear)-314(that)-314(the)-313(literal)-314(meaning)-314(cannot)-313(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pressed.)-559(Considering)-353(the)-353(general)-353(character)-353(of)-353(these)-352(narratives,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-313(is)-314(impossible)-313(to)-314(pledge)-313(them)-313(to)-314(the)-313(particular)-314(mode)-313(in)-313(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(these)-250(results)-250(were)-250(brought)-250(about.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(One)-392(circumstance)-391(seems)-392(to)-392(militate)-391(against)-392(the)-391(supposition)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(that)-290(possession)-289(involved)-289(nothing)-290(but)-289(simple)-290(mania,)-299(namely,)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(numbers)-268(of)-267(those)-268(who)-268(are)-267(spoken)-268(of)-268(as)-267(possessed.)-303(If)-268(the)-267(Gospel)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(narratives)-383(are)-383(historical,)-417(it)-383(would)-383(appear)-383(that)-383(such)-383(cases)-383(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(numerous.)-877(Not)-459(only)-459(are)-459(several)-459(miracles)-459(of)-459(this)-458(description)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(definitely)-254(recorded,)-255(but)-255(the)-254(Evangelists)-254(several)-254(times)-254(affirm)-254(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-473(Lord)-473(cured)-473(demoniacs)-473(in)-474(considerable)-473(numbers,)-528(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(furnishing)-293(us)-293(with)-293(the)-293(details.)-379(Now)-293(it)-293(is)-293(difficult)-293(to)-293(believe)-292(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(maniacs)-334(existed)-334(in)-334(such)-334(large)-334(numbers)-334(in)-334(a)-334(country)-334(of)-334(the)-333(size)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-321(population)-321(of)-321(Jud\346a.)-464(Yet)-321(all)-321(the)-321(phenomena)-321(of)-321(possession)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(point)-215(to)-215(maniacal,)-222(and)-215(not)-215(to)-215(harmless)-214(lunacy.)-239(The)-215(number)-215(of)-214(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cases)-223(of)-223(mania)-222(that)-223(occur)-223(bears)-223(but)-223(a)-222(small)-223(proportion)-223(to)-223(those)-222(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-260(latter)-261(form)-260(of)-261(derangement.)-281(It)-260(is)-261(true)-260(that)-260(at)-261(times)-260(of)-260(popular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(excitement)-216(various)-217(forms)-216(and)-216(numerous)-217(cases)-216(of)-216(frenzy)-216(manifest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves;)-302(but)-285(these)-285(differ)-285(from)-285(mania,)-293(though)-285(they)-285(not)-284(unfre-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(quently)-244(terminate)-244(in)-244(it.)-248(I)-244(have)-244(made)-244(these)-244(observations,)-245(because,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-398(discussing)-397(such)-398(a)-397(subject,)-435(it)-397(is)-398(only)-397(right)-398(to)-397(state)-398(fully)-397(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(difficulties)-251(with)-250(which)-251(particular)-251(theories)-250(are)-251(attended.)-252(It)-251(is)-250(very)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(inferred)-229(that)-228(similar)-229(ones)-228(in)-229(the)-228(ancient)-229(world)-228(are)-229(equally)-228(unreal;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-293(if)-292(we)-293(had)-292(the)-293(requisite)-292(data)-293(before)-292(us,)-303(we)-293(should)-292(be)-293(able)-292(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(refer)-250(them)-250(all)-250(to)-250(ordinary)-250(human)-250(causes.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(With)-361(respect)-360(to)-361(the)-361(general)-361(fact,)-388(there)-361(can)-360(be)-361(no)-361(doubt)-360(that)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(advancing)-359(knowledge)-359(has)-359(caused)-359(a)-359(general)-359(disbelief)-359(in)-359(the)-359(re-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ality)-355(of)-355(any)-355(modern)-354(form)-355(of)-355(possession,)-381(or)-355(of)-355(witchcraft.)-564(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(supreme)-211(grotesqueness)-211(of)-211(the)-210(phenomena)-211(of)-211(the)-211(latter)-211(has)-210(caused)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-336(belief)-337(in)-336(it)-337(to)-336(perish)-336(under)-337(the)-336(influence)-337(of)-336(common)-336(sense,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aided)-459(by)-460(an)-459(increased)-459(acquaintance)-460(with)-459(sound)-459(principles)-459(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(causation,)-284(and)-278(the)-277(stability)-278(of)-277(the)-278(operations)-277(of)-278(nature.)-332(Still)-278(it)-277(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incorrect)-329(to)-329(affirm)-328(that)-329(the)-329(prevalence)-328(of)-329(such)-329(beliefs)-329(has)-328(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(due)-378(to)-378(no)-378(other)-378(cause)-378(than)-378(universal)-378(ignorance.)-634(The)-378(belief)-377(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(witchcraft)-211(produced)-210(its)-211(most)-210(unhappy)-211(result)1(s)-211(during)-210(the)-211(reigns)-210(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1121 0 obj << +/Length 4615 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(240)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(Elizabeth)-219(and)-219(the)-219(Stuarts,)-225(in)-219(the)-219(very)-219(age)-219(of)-219(Bacon,)-225(Shakespeare,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-326(Raleigh.)-479(Such)-327(beliefs)-326(originate)-326(in)-327(certain)-326(principles)-326(of)-326(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(minds)-362(whose)-361(gratification)-362(consists)-361(in)-362(the)-361(contemplation)-362(of)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(marvellous,)-291(the)-283(action)-283(of)-283(which)-282(I)-283(shall)-283(consider)-283(hereafter.)-348(They)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-253(existed)-254(in)-253(every)-253(condition)-254(of)-253(society,)-254(and)-254(only)-253(changed)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(form)-377(of)-377(their)-377(manifestation.)-630(Those)-377(who)-377(boast)-377(of)-377(our)-376(freedom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-208(such)-208(delusions,)-216(owing)-208(to)-208(the)-208(superior)-208(light)-208(of)-208(the)-207(nineteenth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(century,)-295(seem)-286(to)-286(have)-286(forgotten)-286(the)-286(existence)-286(at)-286(the)-286(present)-286(day)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-366(a)-365(belief)-366(in)-366(spiritualism,)-395(which)-365(is)-366(little,)-395(if)-365(at)-366(all,)-395(less)-365(absurd)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(than)-251(witchcraft,)-251(though)-251(the)-251(former)-251(has)-251(encountered)-251(a)-251(less)-251(severe)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(treatment)-409(than)-408(the)-409(latter.)-725(This)-409(has)-409(been)-408(more)-409(due)-408(to)-409(the)-408(im-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provement)-346(of)-347(our)-346(humanity)-346(than)-346(to)-347(our)-346(knowledge)-346(of)-346(physical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(science.)-243(It)-228(is)-228(a)-229(fact)-228(that)-228(spiritualism)-228(is)-228(believed)-457(in)-228(by)-228(multitudes;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([273])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(and)-248(its)-248(votaries)-248(belong)-248(far)-248(more)-248(to)-248(the)-248(cultivated)-248(class)-248(of)-248(society)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(than)-315(to)-314(the)-315(ignorant)-314(and)-315(the)-314(vulgar.)-444(What)-315(the)-314(witch)-315(mania)-314(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-299(the)-298(sixteenth)-298(and)-299(seventeenth)-298(centuries,)-311(spiritualism)-298(is)-299(to)-298(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nineteenth.)-467(It)-322(is)-322(the)-322(peculiar)-322(form)-323(rather)-322(than)-322(the)-322(possibility)-322(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-250(delusions)-250(that)-250(has)-250(passed)-250(away.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-183(should)-183(be)-184(observed)-183(also)-183(that)-183(the)-183(demoniacal)-183(supernaturalism)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-243(the)-243(monastic)-242(writers,)-245(and)-242(of)-243(the)-243(middle)-243(ages,)-244(differs)-243(from)-242(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-241(the)-242(New)-241(Testament)-242(to)-241(such)-242(a)-241(degree)-242(that)-241(they)-242(cannot)-241(fairly)-241(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(compared.)-358(In)-287(the)-286(former)-286(the)-286(apparition)-286(of)-286(demons)-286(and)-286(departed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirits)-354(was)-354(a)-354(thing)-354(of)-354(constant)-354(occurrence;)-406(in)-354(the)-354(latter,)-380(never.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(To)-356(the)-356(monks)-356(the)-356(devil)-356(was)-356(continually)-356(appearing)-356(in)-356(the)-355(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phantastic)-347(forms,)-370(and)-347(performing)-347(the)-346(most)-347(grotesque)-346(miracles.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(To)-239(this)-240(form)-239(of)-239(demonology)-239(modern)-239(spiritualism)-240(can)-239(put)-239(in)-239(very)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(strong)-276(claims)-276(to)-276(be)-276(esteemed)-276(the)-276(genuine)-276(successor.)-328(The)-275(heated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagination)-268(of)-268(even)-268(such)-269(a)-268(man)-268(as)-268(Luther)-268(suggested)-268(to)-268(him)-268(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-350(saw)-349(Satan)-350(in)-349(visible)-350(reality.)-548(It)-350(is)-349(worthy)-350(of)-349(remark)-350(that)-349(St.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Paul)-314(knew)-314(nothing)-314(of)-315(visible)-314(Satanic)-314(manifestations.)-442(With)-314(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-250(were)-250(invariably)-250(spiritual.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-281(is)-281(important)-281(to)-282(keep)-281(steadily)-281(in)-281(view)-281(the)-281(fact,)-289(that)-281(the)-281(New)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(Testament)-326(invariably)-326(represents)-326(possession)-326(as)-326(consisting)-326(in)-326(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action)-264(of)-263(a)-264(stronger)-263(mind)-264(on)-263(a)-263(weaker)-264(one.)-290(The)-264(influence)-263(which)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1125 0 obj << +/Length 4849 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(241)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(the)-206(demon)-207(exerted)-206(on)-206(the)-207(bodily)-206(organs)-206(might)-207(have)-206(been)-206(effected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-298(the)-297(agency)-298(of)-297(the)-298(man)-297(himself.)-393(It)-298(is)-297(never)-298(described)-297(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(involving)-275(a)-274(visible)-275(manifestation)-275(of)-274(the)-275(demon,)-281(but)-274(his)-275(action)-274(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-327(which)-327(is)-327(purely)-327(mental)-326(and)-327(spiritual.)-481(His)-327(presence)-327(and)-326(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(departure)-250(were)-250(simply)-250(judged)-250(of)-250(by)-250(their)-250(effects.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-368(follows,)-398(therefore,)-398(that)-368(the)-369(denial)-368(of)-368(the)-369(possibility)-368(of)-368(an)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(influence)-189(of)-190(this)-189(kind)-189(must)-189(rest)-190(on)-189(a)-189(very)-189(wide)-189(principle.)-230(It)-189(cannot)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-329(confined)-328(to)-329(such)-328(action)-329(alone,)-696(but)-329(must)-328(go)-329(to)-328(the)-329(extent)-328(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([274])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(denying)-243(the)-242(possibility)-243(of)-243(the)-242(action)-243(of)-243(all)-242(spiritual)-243(beings)-243(on)-242(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mind)-258(of)-259(man.)-275(The)-258(only)-258(principle)-259(on)-258(which)-258(the)-259(denial)-258(can)-258(rest)-258(is,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-263(our)-264(mental)-263(science)-264(has)-263(so)-263(far)-264(succeeded)-263(in)-264(analyzing)-263(all)-263(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(past)-230(and)-230(present)-229(operations)-230(of)-230(the)-230(human)-229(mind,)-234(that)-230(it)-230(is)-229(justified)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-223(affirming)-222(that)-223(they)-222(all)-223(originate)-222(entirely)-223(within)-222(the)-223(mind)-222(itself;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-297(are)-297(never)-296(brought)-297(about)-297(by)-297(an)-297(action)-296(on)-297(it)-297(from)-297(without)-296(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-327(invisible)-328(agent.)-481(If)-328(this)-327(is)-327(the)-327(principle)-328(on)-327(which)-327(the)-327(denial)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rests,)-406(it)-376(will)-375(be)-375(equally)-375(valid)-375(to)-375(exclude)-375(the)-375(action)-375(of)-375(God)-375(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-352(minds,)-377(as)-351(well)-352(as)-351(that)-352(of)-351(all)-352(other)-352(invisible)-351(beings.)-555(It)-351(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doubtless)-297(be)-296(urged)-297(that)-297(it)-296(is)-297(only)-296(intended)-297(to)-297(deny)-296(the)-297(action)-296(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(invisible)-276(evil)-275(beings.)-328(But)-275(if)-276(it)-276(is)-276(true)-275(that)-276(our)-276(mental)-275(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-273(ascertained)-273(that)-272(all)-273(our)-273(thoughts)-272(originate)-273(either)-273(in)-273(the)-272(mind)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(itself,)-212(or)-202(in)-202(the)-202(mind)-202(acted)-202(on)-202(by)-202(external)-202(nature,)-211(or)-202(by)-202(other)-202(men,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-395(principle)-395(must)-395(be)-394(valid)-395(for)-395(proving)-395(that)-395(all)-395(other)-394(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(agency)-275(exerted)-275(on)-275(the)-274(mind)-275(is)-275(impossible,)-281(and)-275(that)-275(all)-274(supposed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instances)-272(of)-271(it)-272(are)-271(delusions.)-315(It)-272(is)-271(impossible)-272(on)-271(this)-272(principle)-271(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exclude)-250(the)-250(evil)-250(agency,)-250(and)-250(not)-250(to)-250(exclude)-250(the)-250(good)-250(also.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-418(is)-419(evident)-418(that)-418(this)-418(principle)-419(is)-418(far)-418(too)-419(broad)-418(to)-418(be)-418(used)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(for)-378(the)-379(purpose)-378(of)-378(affirming)-378(the)-379(impossi)1(bility)-379(of)-378(the)-378(action)-378(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(external)-285(evil)-284(agents)-285(only.)-353(It)-285(is)-284(based)-284(on)-285(the)-284(supposition)-285(that)-284(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mental)-359(philosophy)-359(is)-359(so)-359(complete)-359(as)-359(to)-359(be)-359(able)-359(to)-359(assign)-358(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-289(most)-290(abnormal)-289(portions)-289(of)-290(our)-289(mental)-289(action)-290(to)-289(definite)-289(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(known)-293(forces,)-303(all)-293(of)-293(which)-293(originate)-293(within)-292(the)-293(mind)-293(itself,)-303(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-266(never)-266(due)-266(to)-265(external)-266(influences.)-298(If)-266(mental)-266(philosophy)-265(could)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(establish)-286(this)-285(as)-286(a)-285(fact,)-295(it)-285(would)-286(doubtless)-285(prove)-286(that)-285(possession)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-307(impossible;)-336(but)-307(it)-308(could)-307(prove)-307(a)-307(great)-307(deal)-308(more,)-321(even)-307(that)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1129 0 obj << +/Length 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[(science)-257(thus)-257(complete?)-271(Has)-257(it)-257(been)-257(able)-257(to)-257(reduce)-257(all)-257(our)-257(mental)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phenomena,)-298(including)-289(the)-288(most)-289(abnormal)-288(of)-288(them,)-299(to)-288(the)-288(action)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-380(known)-381(forces?)-640(Has)-381(it)-380(analyzed)-380(our)-381(mental)-380(powers)-380(to)-380(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inmost)-309(depths?)-426(Until)-309(it)-309(has)-308(done)-309(this,)-323(it)-309(is)-309(impossible)-309(to)-308(affirm)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-263(the)-263(abnormal)-263(actions)-264(of)-263(the)-263(mind)-263(may)-263(not)-263(be)-263(occasioned)-263(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-250(external)-250(agency.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-366(will)-366(probably)-366(be)-367(urged,)-395(that)-366(although)-366(our)-366(philosophy)-366(has)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(not)-289(yet)-290(succeeded)-289(in)-290(assigning)-289(all)-290(our)-289(mental)-290(phenomena)-289(to)-289(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action)-389(of)-389(known)-389(forces,)-423(it)-389(hopes)-389(to)-389(accomplish)-389(this)-388(hereafter;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-334(that)-334(its)-334(past)-334(conquests)-333(ought)-334(to)-334(be)-334(accepted)-334(as)-334(a)-334(pledge)-333(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(its)-356(future)-356(performances;)-409(and)-356(that)-356(the)-356(time)-356(will)-356(certainly)-355(come,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-440(it)-440(will)-440(be)-440(able)-440(to)-440(refer)-440(every)-440(mental)-440(phenomenon)-440(to)-440(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cause)-407(originating)-406(in)-407(the)-406(mind)-407(itself,)-446(and)-406(acting)-407(in)-406(conformity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-321(invariable)-321(law.)-463(Promises,)-339(however,)-338(are)-321(not)-321(performances;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(what)-206(is)-206(requisite)-206(to)-206(impart)-206(validity)-206(to)-206(wide)-206(affirmations)-206(is)-205(present)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(actual)-342(knowledge,)-364(not)-342(the)-342(hope)-341(that)-342(future)-342(scientific)-341(conquests)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-224(be)-224(extended)-224(over)-224(the)-224(entire)-224(regions)-224(of)-224(the)-224(unknown.)-241(Science)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(professes)-310(to)-309(walk)-310(by)-309(sight)-310(and)-309(not)-310(by)-310(faith.)-428(In)-310(a)-309(subject)-310(of)-309(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kind)-352(it)-352(is)-352(most)-351(unphilosophical)-352(to)-352(assume)-352(that)-352(the)-351(possibilities)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-393(the)-394(future)-393(are)-393(the)-393(realities)-394(of)-393(the)-393(present;)-465(and)-393(to)-393(enunciate)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(propositions)-278(whose)-279(validity)-278(rests)-278(solely)-278(on)-278(the)-279(fact)-278(that)-278(they)-278(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(I)-285(will)-286(now)-285(definitely)-286(state)-285(the)-286(principle)-285(which)-286(can)-285(alone)-285(give)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(any)-251(scientific)-250(value)-251(to)-251(the)-251(assertion,)-250(that)-251(such)-251(demoniacal)-250(action)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-211(that)-211(which)-211(is)-211(described)-211(in)-211(the)-211(New)-211(Testament,)-219(i)1(s)-211(unbelievable.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-200(is)-201(as)-200(follows:)-226(that)-200(we)-200(have)-201(so)-200(completely)-201(ascertained)-200(the)-200(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-201(the)-201(forces)-202(which)-201(act)-201(on)-201(our)-202(minds,)-211(and)-201(the)-201(laws)-201(which)-201(regulate)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(them,)-436(that)-398(we)-399(know)-399(as)-398(a)-399(scientifically)-797(established)-399(truth,)-435(that)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([276])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(they)-230(all)-230(originate)-230(either)-230(in)-230(our)-230(own)-230(mental)-230(organization,)-234(or)-230(in)-229(the)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1134 0 obj << +/Length 4690 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(243)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(action)-240(of)-240(other)-239(men)-240(on)-240(our)-240(minds.)-246(The)-240(statement)-240(of)-240(the)-239(principle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(this)-250(distinct)-250(form)-250(at)-250(once)-250(shows)-250(that)-250(it)-250(is)-250(invalid.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-263(is)-263(impossible)-263(for)-263(one)-263(moment)-263(to)-263(affirm)-263(that)-263(our)-263(knowledge)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-335(so)-334(complete,)-356(that)-335(we)-335(have)-335(a)-334(scientific)-335(acquaintance)-335(with)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(causes)-291(of)-292(all)-291(our)-292(varied)-291(mental)-291(phenomena,)-302(and)-292(the)-291(laws)-291(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(regulate)-433(them.)-798(We)-433(have)-433(ascertained)-432(the)-433(nature)-433(of)-433(several)-432(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-318(mental)-318(processes;)-352(but)-318(how)-318(small)-318(a)-318(portion)-318(of)-318(man's)-317(mental)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(activity)-192(do)-192(they)-191(embrace.)-231(I)-192(need)-192(only)-191(particularize)-192(a)-192(few)-192(of)-191(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-357(are)-356(in)-357(complete)-357(ignorance,)-383(as)-357(to)-356(the)-357(forces)-357(which)-356(generate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them,)-250(and)-250(the)-250(laws)-250(which)-250(regulate)-250(their)-250(action.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(First,)-247(with)-246(respect)-246(to)-246(Genius.)-249(Genius)-246(is)-246(a)-246(mental)-246(power)-246(which)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(manifests)-285(itself)-286(only)-285(on)-286(rare)-285(occasions.)-356(Who)-285(can)-286(affirm)-285(that)-285(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-197(ascertained)-198(the)-197(law)-197(which)-198(regulates)-197(its)-197(birth?)-233(We)-197(may)-197(judge)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-359(analogy)-359(that)-359(this,)-387(as)-359(other)-359(things,)-386(follows)-359(a)-359(law)-359(of)-359(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kind;)-220(but)-204(respecting)-205(the)-204(causes)-204(which)-205(give)-204(it)-205(birth)-204(our)-204(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-257(profoundly)-258(ignorant.)-272(Nor)-258(have)-257(we)-258(any)-257(knowledge)-258(of)-257(its)-257(mode)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-236(action.)-246(It)-236(manifests)-236(itself)-236(in)-236(various)-237(forms.)-245(There)-236(is)-236(the)-236(genius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-254(makes)-254(the)-254(poet,)-255(the)-254(philosopher,)-255(the)-254(scientific)-254(discoverer,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-311(orator,)-325(the)-311(politician,)-325(and)-311(many)-310(others.)-432(How)-310(those)-311(who)-310(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possessed)-402(of)-403(this)-402(power)-403(effectuate)-402(their)-403(mental)-402(operations,)-440(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(how)-283(their)-284(great)-283(ideas)-283(originate)-284(in)-283(their)-283(minds)-284(is)-283(a)-283(subject)-283(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exceeds)-224(the)-225(limits)-224(of)-224(our)-224(scientific)-225(knowledge.)-241(Take)-224(for)-224(example)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-312(genius)-311(of)-311(the)-312(poet.)-434(Whence)-312(came,)-327(and)-311(what)-312(was)-311(the)-311(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-232(that)-232(intuitive)-232(power)-232(with)-231(which)-232(Shakespeare)-232(was)-232(endowed,)-235(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(how)-262(was)-262(it)-262(called)-263(into)-262(exercise?)-286(We)-262(call)-262(such)-262(powers)-262(intuitions.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(We)-216(say)-216(that)-216(a)-216(great)-215(poet)-216(is)-216(endowed)-216(with)-216(a)-216(species)-216(of)-215(inspiration.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(What)-417(is)-417(this)-417(but)-418(to)-417(confess)-417(our)-417(entire)-417(ignorance)-417(both)-417(of)-417(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([277])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(origin)-271(and)-271(the)-272(mode)-271(of)-271(his)-271(mental)-271(operations.)-314(Probably)-271(the)-271(poet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(himself)-274(would)-273(be)-274(unable)-273(to)-274(give)-273(us)-274(any)-273(analysis)-274(of)-273(the)-274(origin)-273(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-328(own)-328(thoughts,)-347(or)-328(of)-328(the)-328(laws)-328(that)-328(regulate)-328(them.)-484(How)-327(then)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-260(we)-259(venture)-260(to)-260(affirm)-260(that)-259(they)-260(must)-260(all)-259(originate)-260(in)-260(the)-259(mind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(itself,)-273(and)-268(not)-268(be)-268(due)-268(to)-268(the)-268(action)-268(of)-268(some)-268(external)-268(power?)-304(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(habit)-293(of)-292(speaking)-293(of)-292(his)-293(inspirations,)-303(from)-292(which)-293(scientific)-292(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-237(not)-236(exempt,)-239(proves)-237(our)-237(complete)-236(ignorance)-237(both)-236(of)-237(its)-236(nature)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1139 0 obj << +/Length 4627 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(244)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-250(origin.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-263(to)-264(descend)-263(to)-263(a)-264(humbler)-263(sphere)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 154.791 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(our)-263(own)-264(minds.)-290(We)-263(are)]TJ -177.656 -13.549 Td [(all)-367(conscious)-367(that)-367(thoughts)-366(rush)-367(into)-367(them)-367(in)-367(a)-367(most)-366(unbidden)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(manner,)-288(and)-281(that)-280(we)-281(pass)-280(through)-281(mental)-280(states)-280(which)-281(our)-280(anal-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ysis)-373(is)-373(unable)-373(to)-373(explain.)-619(Can)-373(any)-373(man)-373(affirm,)-403(however)-373(deep)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(may)-378(be)-378(his)-377(philosophy,)-410(that)-378(the)-377(known)-378(laws)-378(of)-378(association)-377(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideas)-345(are)-346(adequate)-345(to)-345(account)-346(for)-345(all)-345(the)-346(mental)-345(phenomena)-345(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-339(he)-338(has)-339(been)-339(conscious?)-516(Who)-339(has)-338(not)-339(had)-339(experience)-338(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(severe)-238(efforts)-238(to)-239(realize)-238(something)-238(in)-238(thought,)-241(which)-238(have)-238(ended)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-374(failure,)-405(and)-373(that)-374(the)-374(right)-374(thing)-373(has)-374(suddenly)-374(come)-374(into)-373(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mind)-395(uncalled)-395(and)-395(unbidden?)-685(Not)-395(unfrequently)-395(has)-395(a)-395(sudden)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thought)-295(entered)-295(the)-295(mind)-296(\050we)-295(know)-295(not)-295(whence)-295(it)-295(came\051)-295(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-336(entirely)-336(changed)-337(the)-336(whole)-336(current)-336(of)-336(a)-337(previous)-336(life.)-508(Still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-345(frequently)-344(has)-345(a)-344(happy)-345(idea)-344(occurred)-345(to)-344(us,)-368(the)-345(origin)-344(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-202(it)-202(is)-203(impossible)-202(to)-202(trace.)-234(Who)-203(again)-202(has)-202(not)-202(had)-202(experience)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-193(the)-192(sudden)-193(rushing)-192(of)-193(a)-192(temptation)-192(into)-193(his)-192(mind)-193(with)-192(an)-193(all)-192(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(overwhelming)-198(force,)-208(even)-197(while)-197(his)-198(thoughts)-197(were)-198(occupied)-197(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subjects)-261(in)-261(no)-261(way)-261(allied)-261(to)-261(the)-261(suggestion?)-283(Many)-261(of)-261(our)-261(mental)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phenomena)-297(may)-297(be)-297(explained)-297(by)-297(the)-297(principle)-297(of)-297(association)-297(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideas)-335(and)-336(other)-335(known)-335(mental)-335(powers;)-378(but)-336(who)-335(can)-335(venture)-335(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(affirm)-253(that)-254(they)-253(are)-253(adequate)-254(to)-253(account)-253(for)-254(all)-253(the)-253(various)-253(states)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-303(which)-302(he)-303(has)-303(been)-302(conscious,)-316(or)-303(that)-303(some)-302(of)-303(them)-303(have)-302(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(originated)-234(in)-234(suggestions)-234(from)-233(without?)-490(Scientific)-234(knowledge)-233(is)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([278])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(certainly)-250(able)-250(to)-250(make)-250(no)-250(such)-250(affirmation.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Next:)-440(there)-345(are)-345(numerous)-345(abnormal)-345(conditions)-345(to)-345(which)-344(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(mind)-276(is)-275(unquestionably)-276(subject.)-327(Who)-275(will)-276(venture)-275(to)-276(affirm)-275(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-297(has)-297(penetrated)-297(to)-297(their)-296(depths,)-309(or)-297(ascertained)-297(the)-297(laws)-296(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(regulate)-197(their)-197(action?)-233(These)-197(have)-197(a)-198(most)-197(important)-197(bearing)-197(on)-197(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(present)-324(subject.)-472(They)-324(are)-324(best)-324(designated)-324(by)-324(the)-324(term)-323(phrenzy.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Their)-327(aspect)-327(is)-327(very)-328(vari)1(ed.)-482(They)-327(differ)-327(in)-327(many)-327(respects)-327(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mania,)-392(though)-364(they)-364(are)-364(closely)-364(allied)-364(to)-364(it.)-592(They)-364(are)-363(confined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-293(no)-292(one)-293(race)-293(of)-293(men,)-303(but)-293(are)-292(co-extensive)-293(with)-293(human)-292(nature.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(They)-359(were)-359(prevalent)-359(in)-359(the)-359(ancient)-359(world,)-386(and)-359(connected)-359(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(various)-292(forms)-292(of)-292(religious)-293(belief.)-376(They)-292(display)-292(themselves)-292(with)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1143 0 obj << +/Length 4562 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(245)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(peculiar)-372(violence)-372(in)-372(the)-371(religious)-372(rites)-372(of)-372(savages.)-616(In)-371(Oriental)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(countries)-226(at)-226(the)-226(present)-226(day,)-231(they)-226(frequently)-226(manifest)-225(themselves)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-258(assume)-257(a)-258(great)-257(variety)-258(of)-257(aspects.)-273(Examples)-257(might)-258(be)-257(easily)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adduced.)-311(The)-270(phrenzied)-270(fanatic)-270(often)-271(presents)-270(indications)-270(of)-270(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mind)-424(being)-425(acted)-424(on)-425(by)-424(an)-425(overwhelming)-424(external)-424(influence;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-410(when)-410(under)-410(the)-410(influence)-410(of)-410(the)-410(rites)-410(of)-410(a)-410(degraded)-409(reli-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gion,)-258(the)-256(symptoms)-257(present)-256(no)-257(little)-256(resemblance)-257(to)-256(those)-256(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accompanied)-250(demoniacal)-250(possession.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(I)-360(have)-361(no)-360(wish)-361(to)-360(affirm)-361(that)-360(such)-361(phenomena)-360(must)-361(be)-360(due)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-359(an)-360(action)-359(of)-359(this)-360(kind,)-386(but)-360(to)-359(draw)-359(attention)-360(to)-359(the)-359(fact)-359(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-340(are)-339(ignorant)-340(of)-339(the)-340(power)-339(in)-340(which)-339(they)-340(originate,)-362(and)-339(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-354(being)-354(the)-354(case,)-380(it)-354(is)-354(quite)-354(possible)-354(that)-354(their)-354(most)-353(violent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-324(terrible)-324(forms)-324(may)-324(be)-324(aroused)-324(by)-324(the)-324(influence)-324(of)-324(a)-324(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(external)-245(to)-246(the)-245(mind)-245(itself.)-249(Equally)-245(ignorant)-245(are)-246(we)-245(of)-245(the)-245(causes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-261(even)-261(their)-260(milder)-261(manifestations.)-282(Whatever)-261(may)-261(be)-261(the)-260(hopes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-280(are)-281(entertained)-280(of)-280(the)-280(future)-281(triumphs)-280(of)-280(science,)-288(it)-280(is)-280(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(too)-364(much)-364(to)-364(assert,)-393(that)-364(it)-364(has)-364(not)-364(yet)-364(reduced)-364(these)-364(abnormal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conditions)-243(of)-244(the)-243(mind)-243(to)-243(any)-244(thing)-243(like)-243(a)-243(scientific)-244(law,)-244(and)-243(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-299(has)-298(not)-299(succeeded)-597(in)-299(tracing)-298(the)-299(phenomena)-298(to)-299(the)-298(exclusive)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([279])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(operation)-349(of)-348(a)-349(force)-349(acting)-349(within)-348(the)-349(mind)-349(itself.)-546(In)-349(truth)-348(our)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mental)-322(science)-323(is)-322(ignorant)-322(of)-322(their)-323(causes:)-394(and)-323(for)-322(aught)-322(that)-322(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-307(affirm)-308(to)-307(the)-307(contrary,)-322(many)-307(of)-308(them)-307(may)-307(be)-308(due)-307(to)-307(causes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human,)-504(superhuman,)-505(or)-453(a)-453(combination)-454(of)-453(the)-454(two.)-860(In)-453(cases)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(where)-259(we)-258(are)-259(profoundly)-258(ignorant,)-261(dogmatical)-259(assertions)-258(should)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-354(carefully)-354(avoided.)-561(While)-353(such)-354(phenomena)-354(are)-354(incapable)-353(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(explanation)-323(by)-322(the)-323(action)-323(of)-323(known)-322(mental)-323(forces,)-341(the)-322(students)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-346(mental)-347(science)-346(are)-346(not)-346(justified)-347(in)-346(affirming)-346(that)-346(possession)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contradicts)-250(its)-250(known)-250(truths.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(I)-405(fully)-406(admit,)-444(however,)-445(that)-405(there)-406(is)-405(a)-406(system)-405(of)-405(professed)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(mental)-258(science,)-261(which,)-260(if)-258(its)-259(truth)-258(could)-258(be)-259(proved,)-260(would)-258(estab-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lish)-336(the)-336(fact)-336(that)-336(possession)-336(was)-336(impossible.)-508(I)-336(need)-336(hardly)-336(say)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-300(I)-299(allude)-299(to)-300(that)-299(which)-300(affirms)-299(that)-300(thought)-299(is)-300(the)-299(result)-300(of)-299(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(function)-210(of)-209(the)-209(brain,)-218(and)-210(nothing)-209(else.)-237(According)-209(to)-209(the)-210(views)-209(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-238(philosophers,)-241(the)-238(brain)-238(secretes)-239(thought)-238(as)-238(a)-238(gland)-238(secretes)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1147 0 obj << +/Length 4623 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(246)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(its)-309(own)-309(peculiar)-309(secretion.)-426(Until)-309(this)-309(philosophy)-309(has)-308(succeeded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-243(proving)-243(the)-244(truth)-243(of)-243(its)-243(first)-243(principles,)-245(it)-243(is)-243(useless)-243(to)-243(consider)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-250(bearing)-250(on)-250(this)-250(particular)-250(question.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(There)-290(is)-289(another)-290(abnormal)-290(mental)-289(condition,)-300(the)-290(existence)-289(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(which)-269(is)-268(unquestionable,)-274(and)-268(which)-269(has)-269(a)-268(close)-269(connection)-268(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-386(present)-386(question,)-419(namely,)-420(the)-386(ecstatic)-386(state.)-657(The)-386(forms)-385(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-188(this)-187(has)-188(manifested)-188(itself)-187(have)-188(been)-188(extremely)-187(various,)-200(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-278(is)-278(impossible)-278(for)-278(any)-278(one)-278(to)-278(assert)-278(that)-278(our)-278(mental)-278(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-335(fully)-334(fathomed)-335(them,)-356(and)-335(has)-334(succeeded)-335(in)-335(assigning)-334(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-272(forces)-271(originating)-272(within)-272(the)-271(mind)-272(itself.)-315(On)-272(the)-271(contrary)-272(it)-271(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-257(too)-257(much)-256(to)-257(affirm)-257(that)-257(it)-257(has)-256(as)-257(yet)-257(wholly)-257(failed)-257(to)-256(analyze)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(its)-340(nature,)-363(or)-340(to)-340(account)-340(for)-340(the)-340(abnormal)-340(powers)-340(displayed)-340(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-306(mind)-306(when)-305(in)-306(this)-306(condition.)-417(In)-306(the)-306(ancient)-306(world)-306(this)-305(state)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-351(mind)-350(was)-351(closely)-350(connected)-351(with)-350(the)-351(manifestations)-350(of)-701(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([280])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(prophetic)-329(power,)-349(the)-329(reality)-329(of)-329(which)-329(was)-329(recognized)-328(by)-329(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-328(its)-328(philosophers.)-483(It)-328(will)-327(of)-328(course)-328(be)-328(observed)-327(that)-328(I)-328(am)-327(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(speaking)-185(of)-186(this)-185(power)-185(as)-185(it)-186(existed)-185(in)-185(the)-185(Jewish)-186(church,)-198(but)-185(of)-185(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supposed)-337(manifestations)-337(in)-337(the)-337(heathen)-337(world.)-511(Similar)-336(ecstatic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(states)-425(have)-426(frequently)-425(displayed)-425(themselves)-426(in)-425(modern)-425(times.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(When)-303(in)-304(this)-303(condition)-304(the)-303(mind)-303(is)-304(especially)-303(liable)-304(to)-303(be)-303(acted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-223(by)-222(external)-223(influences.)-241(Is)-222(it)-223(possible,)-228(I)-223(ask,)-228(in)-222(the)-223(present)-222(state)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-359(our)-359(mental)-359(philosophy,)-386(to)-359(assert)-359(that)-359(we)-359(know)-359(their)-358(nature,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-352(the)-353(forces)-352(which)-353(produce)-352(them?)-558(The)-352(ecstatic)-353(in)-352(union)-352(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-378(phrenzied)-379(state)-378(of)-379(the)-378(mind)-379(was)-378(apparently)-379(the)-378(condition)-378(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-303(Delphian)-304(priestess)-303(when)-303(she)-303(delivered)-304(oracles)-303(to)-303(those)-303(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consulted)-239(her.)-246(According)-238(to)-239(all)-238(the)-239(accounts)-239(that)-238(we)-239(possess,)-240(she)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presented)-376(the)-376(appearance)-377(of)-376(being)-376(subject)-376(to)-376(an)-376(overpowering)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(external)-270(influence.)-311(Every)-270(other)-270(description)-271(which)-270(we)-270(possess)-270(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(manifestation)-251(of)-251(this)-251(prophetic)-251(power,)-251(\050and)-251(we)-251(have)-250(several\051)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(describes)-431(it)-432(as)-431(presenting)-431(phenomena)-432(closely)-431(allied)-431(to)-431(raving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(madness,)-443(an)-404(influence)-404(of)-405(some)-404(kind)-404(apparently)-404(overpowering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-274(prophet's)-275(personality.)-323(Until)-274(the)-274(forces)-275(which)-274(produced)-274(these)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(phenomena)-257(in)-256(the)-257(ancient)-257(world,)-258(and)-257(the)-256(somewhat)-257(similar)-256(ones)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-313(have)-313(been)-313(manifested)-313(in)-313(modern)-313(times,)-329(can)-313(be)-312(shown)-313(to)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1151 0 obj << +/Length 4474 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(247)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(owe)-334(their)-335(origin)-334(to)-334(forces)-335(originating)-334(in)-334(the)-334(mind)-335(itself,)-355(and)-334(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nothing)-354(else,)-380(it)-354(is)-355(absurd)-354(to)-354(affirm)-354(that)-354(such)-354(a)-354(phenomenon)-354(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possession)-278(is)-279(in)-278(contradiction)-278(to)-278(our)-279(scientific)-278(knowledge)-278(of)-278(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-250(mind.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(There)-370(is)-371(another)-370(point)-371(which)-370(demands)-371(our)-370(attention,)-400(name-)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(ly,)-454(the)-413(close)-413(connection)-413(between)-413(the)-413(extreme)-413(forms)-412(of)-413(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wickedness,)-260(and)-258(madness.)-274(It)-258(is)-258(an)-258(unquestionable)-258(fact)-258(that)-257(noth-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ing)-334(is)-334(more)-334(difficult)-334(than)-334(to)-334(draw)-334(the)-334(precise)-334(line)-334(where)-333(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wickedness)-392(ends,)-426(and)-392(madness)-391(begins.)-675(In)-391(their)-392(great)-391(outlines)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-259(are)-258(easily)-259(distinguishable,)-261(but)-259(in)-259(the)-258(more)-259(advanced)-259(stages)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([281])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(of)-222(moral)-223(evil,)-227(the)-223(one)-222(passes)-222(into)-222(the)-223(other)-222(by)-222(insensible)-222(degrees.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(So)-394(difficult)-395(is)-394(it)-395(to)-394(lay)-394(down)-395(the)-394(precise)-395(line)-394(which)-394(separates)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them,)-383(that)-356(scientific)-357(men)-356(are)-357(not)-356(wanting,)-383(who)-357(affirm)-356(that)-356(ev-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ery)-420(extreme)-421(case)-420(of)-420(moral)-421(wickedness)-420(is)-420(a)-421(species)-420(of)-420(mania.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Consistently)-340(with)-340(this)-341(theory)-340(frequent)-340(efforts)-340(are)-340(made)-340(to)-340(save)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-397(most)-396(abandoned)-397(criminals)-397(from)-396(the)-397(consequences)-397(of)-396(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crimes.)-433(If)-311(the)-311(principle)-312(is)-311(correct,)-326(it)-311(is)-311(impossible)-311(not)-311(to)-311(assign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lesser)-285(degrees)-285(of)-284(moral)-285(evil)-285(to)-285(the)-285(same)-284(cause.)-355(Such)-285(a)-284(principle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(logically)-396(leads)-395(to)-396(the)-395(denial)-396(of)-396(any)-395(distinction)-396(between)-395(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-284(physical)-283(action.)-351(Happily)-283(however,)-292(although)-284(this)-283(conclusion)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-364(one)-365(which)-364(has)-365(been)-364(arrived)-364(at)-365(by)-364(a)-365(considerable)-364(number)-364(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physicists,)-216(it)-208(is)-208(one)-208(which)-207(the)-208(common)-208(sense)-208(of)-208(mankind)-207(steadily)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(refuses)-378(to)-377(accept.)-633(It)-378(is)-377(sufficient)-378(for)-378(the)-377(present)-378(purpose,)-409(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extreme)-306(forms)-306(of)-306(moral)-307(evil)-306(shade)-306(off)-306(into)-306(mania)-306(by)-306(insensible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(degrees;)-236(and)-228(that)-229(ultimately)-228(they)-229(are)-228(capable)-229(of)-228(producing)-228(insan-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ity.)-371(If)-290(insanity)-290(can)-291(be)-290(produced)-290(by)-290(moral)-291(causes,)-300(it)-290(follows)-290(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-287(superhuman)-287(influence)-287(powerful)-287(for)-287(evil,)-296(acting)-287(on)-287(a)-287(degraded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-245(nature,)-246(may)-245(be)-245(attended)-245(with)-245(a)-245(similar)-245(result,)-246(and)-244(produce)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-250(a)-250(phenomenon)-250(as)-250(possession.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-263(further:)-275(while)-263(madness)-263(is)-263(produced)-263(by)-263(physical)-262(causes,)-267(it)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-268(a)-269(certain)-268(fact)-269(that)-268(it)-268(is)-269(frequently)-268(occasioned)-269(by)-268(causes)-268(purely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mental.)-696(Of)-399(this)-399(the)-398(instances)-399(are)-399(innumerable.)-696(These)-398(mental)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(causes)-287(react)-287(on)-287(the)-286(brain)-287(and)-287(the)-287(nervous)-287(system;)-305(and)-287(thus)-286(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superinduce)-248(disease)-247(on)-248(those)-247(parts)-248(of)-248(our)-247(bodily)-248(organization)-247(by)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1155 0 obj << +/Length 4719 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(248)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(means)-299(of)-299(which)-299(the)-299(mind)-299(exercises)-299(its)-299(powers.)-397(Still)-299(the)-299(disease)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(itself)-298(originates)-298(in)-298(causes)-298(that)-298(are)-298(not)-298(seated)-298(in)-298(the)-298(body,)-310(but)-298(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-258(mind.)-272(The)-258(mind)-257(is)-258(therefore)-257(capable)-258(of)-257(acting)-258(powerfully)-257(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-236(bodily)-236(frame.)-245(If)-236(therefore)-236(possession)-236(be)-236(viewed)-236(as)-236(the)-236(action)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-284(one)-284(mind)-284(on)-284(another,)-292(there)-284(is)-284(no)-284(reason)-284(why)-284(it)-284(should)-284(not)-283(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(able)-334(to)-334(superinduce)-334(those)-334(forms)-334(of)-668(bodily)-334(derangement)-334(which)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([282])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(exhibited)-346(themselves)-346(in)-347(the)-346(demoniacs)-346(by)-346(the)-346(simple)-346(action)-346(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-212(mind)-212(upon)-212(the)-212(body.)-237(The)-212(mental)-212(causes)-212(capable)-212(of)-212(producing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mania)-243(are,)-244(as)-242(we)-243(know,)-244(of)-243(a)-242(varied)-243(description;)-245(and)-243(among)-242(them)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-223(the)-223(action)-223(and)-222(influence)-223(which)-223(one)-223(mind)-223(is)-223(capable)-223(of)-222(exerting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-341(another.)-525(As,)-364(therefore,)-364(in)-342(certain)-341(states)-342(of)-341(our)-342(minds,)-364(or)-341(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-335(nervous)-334(system,)-356(mania)-334(with)-335(all)-334(its)-335(results)-334(can)-335(be)-334(produced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-262(the)-261(simple)-262(action)-262(of)-261(mind)-262(on)-261(mind,)-265(and)-262(through)-261(the)-262(action)-261(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-319(mind)-318(disorder)-319(may)-318(be)-318(produced)-319(in)-318(our)-319(bodily)-318(organization,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(there)-238(can)-238(be)-238(no)-238(reason)-238(why)-238(possession)-238(with)-238(all)-238(its)-238(attendant)-237(phe-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nomena)-281(should)-280(not)-281(originate)-281(in)-280(similar)-281(causes.)-342(There)-281(is)-280(nothing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-341(imply)-341(that)-340(the)-341(superhuman)-341(agency)-341(manifested)-341(in)-340(possession)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-346(directly)-345(exerted)-346(on)-345(the)-346(body)-345(of)-346(the)-345(possessed.)-537(An)-345(agency)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-273(was)-273(entirely)-273(mental)-273(was)-273(fully)-273(adequate)-273(to)-273(produce)-273(all)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(phenomena)-250(with)-250(which)-250(it)-250(was)-250(accompanied.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(In)-319(cases)-319(of)-319(mania)-319(produced)-319(by)-319(mental)-319(action)-319(the)-319(removal)-318(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-354(exciting)-354(cause)-355(is)-354(the)-354(precondition)-354(of)-355(its)-354(cure,)-380(and)-354(in)-354(many)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cases)-278(effects)-277(it.)-334(Similarly,)-284(in)-278(cases)-278(of)-277(possession)-278(the)-278(removal)-277(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(exciting)-250(cause)-250(would)-250(produce)-250(similar)-250(results.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(It)-324(follows,)-344(therefore,)-343(from)-324(the)-325(foregoing)-324(considerations,)-343(that)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-328(allegation)-328(that)-328(the)-327(possessions)-328(described)-328(in)-328(the)-328(New)-327(Testa-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ment)-257(are)-257(incredible,)-258(because)-257(they)-257(contradict)-257(the)-257(known)-257(truths)-256(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mental)-250(science,)-250(is)-250(disproved.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(The)-277(question)-277(really)-277(resolves)-277(itself)-277(into)-277(the)-277(following)-277(one:)-303(Do)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(evil)-360(beings,)-386(other)-360(than)-359(men,)-387(exist)-360(in)-359(the)-360(universe?)-578(Or,)-387(if)-359(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exist,)-237(is)-235(it)-234(credible)-234(that)-234(they)-234(are)-235(allowed)-234(to)-234(interfere)-234(in)-234(the)-234(affairs)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-316(men?)-446(This)-316(question)-315(we)-316(have)-315(already)-316(considered)-315(in)-316(a)-315(former)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(chapter,)-399(and)-370(we)-369(have)-370(arrived)-369(at)-369(the)-370(conclusion)-369(that)-370(if)-369(we)-369(free)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ourselves)-230(from)-229(the)-229(trammels)-230(of)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 137.95 0 Td [(\340)-229(priori)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.923 0 Td [(theories,)-467(and)-230(judge)-229(only)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -246.628 0 Td [([283])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1160 0 obj << +/Length 4527 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(249)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(by)-215(the)-216(facts)-215(of)-215(the)-215(universe)-216(as)-215(it)-215(exists,)-223(neither)-215(their)-215(existence)-215(nor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-250(intervention)-250(in)-250(human)-250(affairs)-250(is)-250(contrary)-250(to)-250(our)-250(reason.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(Two)-189(things,)-202(however,)-202(must)-189(be)-190(steadily)-189(kept)-189(in)-190(mind.)-230(First:)-220(that)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(if)-214(such)-214(interventions)-214(in)-214(human)-214(affairs)-214(are)-214(facts,)-221(the)-214(agency)-214(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-432(be)-433(exerted)-432(is)-433(only)-432(a)-432(permitted)-433(agency,)-478(and)-432(only)-432(capable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-339(being)-340(exerted)-339(in)-339(subordination)-340(to)-339(the)-339(divine)-340(purposes)-339(in)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(government)-326(of)-327(the)-326(universe.)-479(A)-327(large)-326(number)-327(of)-326(the)-326(difficulties)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-267(which)-267(the)-267(subject)-268(is)-267(attended)-267(have)-267(originated)-267(in)-267(the)-267(wholly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inaccurate)-295(idea)-296(that)-295(a)-295(power)-295(is)-295(attributed)-296(in)-295(the)-295(New)-295(Testament)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-339(Satan,)-362(of)-339(interfering)-340(both)-339(in)-340(the)-339(material)-339(and)-340(the)-339(moral)-339(uni-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(verse)-293(at)-293(his)-292(own)-293(will)-293(and)-293(pleasure.)-378(This,)-303(however,)-304(is)-292(altogether)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contrary)-438(to)-438(the)-438(fact.)-814(Whatever)-438(power)-438(is)-438(attributed)-438(to)-438(him)-438(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(an)-299(entirely)-298(permitted)-299(one,)-311(and)-299(exercised)-298(in)-299(subordination)-299(to)-298(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(general)-241(purposes)-240(of)-240(God.)-247(Secondly,)-243(that)-240(although)-241(the)-240(disorder)-240(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-269(moral)-269(world)-269(might)-269(lead)-269(us)-269(to)-269(suspect)-269(the)-269(presence)-269(of)-269(an)-269(evil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(agency,)-278(different)-273(from)-273(that)-272(of)-273(man;)-284(yet)-273(as)-272(it)-273(is)-273(not)-272(a)-273(visible)-272(one,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-321(confined)-320(to)-321(the)-321(regions)-320(of)-321(the)-321(mind,)-338(it)-321(is)-320(one)-321(which)-320(cannot)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(come)-375(under)-376(our)-375(distinct)-376(observation,)-406(and)-376(could)-375(therefore)-375(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(become)-250(known)-250(to)-250(us)-250(by)-250(revelation.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(One)-365(more)-365(difficulty)-366(has)-365(to)-365(be)-365(considered.)-596(It)-365(is)-365(alleged)-365(that)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(possession)-290(never)-290(takes)-290(place)-290(now.)-370(It)-290(is)-290(therefore)-290(inferred)-290(that)-290(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(never)-250(took)-250(place)-250(at)-250(all.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(I)-247(reply)-247(first,)-248(if)-247(we)-247(grant)-247(that)-247(demoniacal)-247(action,)-248(in)-247(the)-247(form)-247(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(possession)-339(has)-340(now)-339(ceased,)-361(it)-340(by)-339(no)-339(means)-340(follows)-339(that)-339(it)-339(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-218(once)-219(real.)-239(The)-219(objection)-218(overlooks)-218(the)-219(fact)-218(that)-219(its)-218(action)-218(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-346(permitted)-345(one;)-394(and)-346(could)-345(only)-346(be)-345(exercised)-346(within)-346(the)-345(limits)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assigned)-328(to)-328(it.)-483(There)-328(may)-328(have)-328(been)-328(reasons)-328(at)-328(the)-328(time)-328(of)-327(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Advent)-206(why)-207(the)-206(exercise)-206(of)-207(a)-206(Satanic)-206(agency)-207(should)-206(be)-206(permitted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-288(that)-288(particular)-287(period)-288(to)-288(a)-288(greater)-288(extent)-287(than)-288(it)-288(ever)-288(has)-287(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(before)-250(or)-250(since.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([284])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -14.776 Td [(Secondly:)-346(certain)-298(moral)-298(and)-298(physical)-298(conditions)-298(were)-297(neces-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(sary)-328(for)-328(its)-328(exercise.)-485(These)-328(may)-328(be)-328(no)-328(longer)-329(in)-328(existence,)-347(but)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(they)-180(may)-179(have)-180(passed)-180(away)-180(with)-179(many)-180(other)-180(abnormal)-179(conditions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(human)-250(nature)-250(which)-250(existed)-250(in)-250(the)-250(ancient)-250(world.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1165 0 obj << +/Length 4912 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(250)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 11.956 -30.759 Td [(Thirdly:)-245(it)-241(is)-242(not)-241(possible)-241(to)-241(affirm)-241(with)-241(certainty)-241(that,)-242(even)-241(at)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-293(present)-293(day,)-304(no)-293(supernatural)-293(agencies)-293(bearing)-293(an)-292(analogy)-293(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possession,)-293(are)-284(exerted)-285(on)-284(the)-284(mind.)-353(This)-285(will)-284(be)-284(only)-284(possible,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-247(all)-247(those)-247(abnormal)-247(phenomena)-247(which)-247(manifest)-246(themselves)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-316(connection)-315(with)-316(various)-315(debased)-315(forms)-316(of)-315(religion)-316(and)-315(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cases)-387(of)-387(phrenzied)-387(excitement)-387(can)-387(be)-387(traced)-387(to)-387(known)-386(forces,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(originating)-250(solely)-250(in)-250(the)-250(mind)-250(itself.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(There)-441(is)-441(one)-441(further)-441(objection)-441(which)-441(requires)-441(a)-441(brief)-440(con-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(sideration.)-717(It)-406(is)-405(urged)-406(that)-405(the)-406(writers)-406(of)-405(the)-406(New)-405(Testament)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entertained)-374(the)-374(belief,)-405(that)-374(diseases)-374(were)-374(generally)-373(occasioned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-401(demoniacal)-401(action,)-439(quite)-401(independently)-402(of)-401(possession;)-476(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-306(this)-306(belief)-307(has)-306(received)-306(the)-306(sanction)-306(of)-307(our)-306(Lord.)-418(One)-306(case)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(only)-259(is)-258(alleged)-259(in)-259(proof)-258(of)-259(this,)-261(that)-258(of)-259(the)-259(woman)-258(with)-259(the)-258(spirit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-396(infirmity.)-689(She)-396(was)-396(no)-396(demoniac,)-433(but)-396(an)-396(ordinary)-396(diseased)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(person,)-356(and)-335(the)-335(disease)-335(is)-334(asserted)-335(to)-335(have)-335(been)-335(occasioned)-334(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(demoniacal)-250(action.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(I)-271(reply,)-277(that)-271(considering)-271(the)-271(large)-272(number)-271(of)-271(diseases)-271(of)-271(vari-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ous)-270(kinds)-270(mentioned)-270(in)-271(the)-270(New)-270(Testament,)-275(in)-270(none)-270(of)-270(which)-270(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-291(any)-292(allusion)-291(to)-292(demoniacal)-291(agency)-291(as)-292(their)-291(cause,)-302(a)-291(single)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(example)-206(is)-206(a)-206(narrow)-207(foundation)-206(on)-206(which)-206(to)-206(build)-206(the)-206(affirmation)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(also)-332(another)-331(important)-332(purpose)-331(which)-332(it)-331(is)-332(made)-332(to)-331(serve.)-495(It)-331(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(asserted)-267(that)-268(it)-267(renders)-267(worthless)-267(the)-535(testimony)-267(of)-267(the)-267(followers)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([288])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(Jesus)-250(as)-250(to)-250(the)-250(actual)-250(occurrence)-250(of)-250(miracles.)]TJ 11.956 -14.097 Td [(The)-250(allegation)-250(takes)-250(two)-250(forms:)]TJ 0 -14.096 Td [(1st.)-460(That)-320(the)-321(followers)-320(of)-320(Jesus)-320(were)-320(the)-320(prey)-320(of)-320(a)-320(credulity)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(and)-353(superstition)-352(which)-353(greatly)-352(exceeded)-352(the)-353(limits)-352(of)-353(the)-352(ordi-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nary)-314(credulity)-315(of)-314(mankind;)-346(and)-314(that)-315(therefore)-314(the)-314(value)-314(of)-314(their)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1185 0 obj << +/Length 4658 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(254)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(historical)-250(testimony)-250(is)-250(destroyed.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(2nd.)-498(That)-333(the)-332(ordinary)-333(credulity)-333(of)-332(mankind)-333(with)-333(respect)-332(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(the)-220(occurrence)-221(of)-220(supernatural)-220(events)-220(is)-221(so)-220(great)-220(and)-220(widespread,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-308(to)-307(render)-308(the)-307(invention)-308(of)-308(miraculous)-307(narratives)-308(easy,)-322(and)-307(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(destroy)-250(the)-250(credit)-250(of)-250(all)-250(narratives)-250(containing)-250(them.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(I)-291(propose)-291(to)-290(consider)-291(these)-291(subjects)-291(in)-291(this)-291(and)-291(the)-290(following)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(chapter.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td 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[(sharing)-370(in)-370(such)-370(beliefs.)-610(If)-370(they)-370(did)-370(not,)-400(the)-370(reference)-370(to)-370(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-250(have)-250(no)-250(bearing)-250(on)-250(the)-250(argument.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(We)-275(have)-275(therefore)-274(in)-275(this)-275(portion)-275(of)-274(the)-275(work)-275(a)-275(definite)-274(issue)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(raised)-383(for)-382(our)-383(consideration.)-648(It)-383(is)-383(no)-382(vague)-383(charge)-383(of)-382(general)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(boundless)-308(credulity)-308(and)-308(superstition,)-322(such)-308(as)-308(is)-308(generally)-307(urged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(against)-381(the)-381(followers)-381(of)-382(Jesus)-381(and)-381(the)-381(authors)-381(of)-381(the)-381(Gospels.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(It)-343(is)-343(presented)-343(to)-343(us)-343(in)-343(a)-343(clear)-343(and)-343(definite)-343(form.)-529(I)-343(fully)-343(allow)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-356(if)-356(this)-357(charge)-356(could)-356(be)-356(substantiated,)-383(it)-356(would)-356(deprive)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Evangelists)-250(of)-250(all)-250(historical)-250(credit.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(The)-446(issue)-447(which)-446(is)-447(thus)-446(raised)-447(is)-446(consequently)-447(one)-446(of)-446(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(highest)-204(importance.)-235(It)-205(will)-204(be)-205(necessary)-204(therefore)-205(for)-204(us)-204(carefully)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1198 0 obj << +/Length 4686 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(257)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(to)-384(examine)-384(the)-384(mode)-385(in)-384(which)-384(it)-384(is)-384(attempted)-384(to)-384(establish)-384(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truth)-250(of)-250(these)-250(charges.)-250(The)-250(process)-250(is)-250(an)-250(extremely)-250(singular)-250(one.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(When)-335(we)-336(have)-335(a)-336(set)-335(of)-336(writings)-335(before)-336(us)-335(and)-336(endeavour)-335(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(estimate)-291(the)-290(amount)-291(of)-290(credulity)-291(and)-291(superstition)-290(to)-291(which)-290(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(authors)-318(were)-319(a)-318(prey,)-336(the)-318(only)-319(legitimate)-318(mode)-319(of)-318(proceeding)-318(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-309(subject)-309(these)-309(writings)-309(to)-309(a)-309(thorough)-309(and)-309(minute)-309(examination)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-371(to)-371(the)-371(indications)-370(of)-371(credulity)-371(and)-371(superstition)-371(contained)-370(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them.)-240(Having)-220(done)-221(this,)-226(it)-220(then)-221(becomes)-220(our)-220(duty)-221(to)-220(ascertain)-220(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amount)-204(of)-204(general)-205(good)-204(sense)-204(or)-204(the)-204(want)-205(of)-204(it)-204(which)-204(is)-204(displayed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-267(them)-268(in)-267(these)-267(or)-267(in)-267(other)-268(subjects,)-271(and)-268(then)-267(to)-267(form)-267(a)-267(general)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conclusion)-362(by)-362(fairly)-361(balancing)-362(the)-362(indications)-362(of)-362(credulity)-361(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good)-407(sense)-406(against)-407(each)-407(other.)-720(The)-407(author,)-446(however,)-891(seems)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([292])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(not)-310(to)-310(have)-309(had)-310(the)-310(smallest)-310(idea)-310(that)-310(it)-309(is)-310(the)-310(duty)-310(of)-310(the)-309(critic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-371(ascertain)-371(what)-372(are)-371(the)-371(facts)-371(of)-371(the)-372(case)-371(as)-371(presented)-371(by)-371(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(writings,)-356(and)-335(to)-335(form)-335(a)-334(general)-335(conclusion)-335(by)-335(a)-335(careful)-334(review)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-328(the)-328(entire)-327(evidence.)-484(On)-327(the)-328(contrary,)-347(his)-328(mode)-328(of)-327(reasoning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-260(to)-261(quote)-260(a)-260(number)-260(of)-261(opinions)-260(held)-260(by)-260(various)-261(writers,)-262(widely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(separated)-350(from)-349(each)-350(other)-349(in)-350(time,)-374(to)-349(charge)-350(them)-349(on)-350(the)-349(con-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(temporaries)-389(of)-389(our)-390(Lord,)-423(and)-390(refer)-389(to)-389(nearly)-389(every)-389(passage)-389(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-290(New)-289(Testament)-290(which)-290(has)-289(even)-290(the)-290(remotest)-289(bearing)-290(on)-289(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(subject,)-386(for)-359(the)-358(purpose)-359(of)-359(fastening)-358(these)-359(superstitions)-359(on)-358(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(followers)-306(of)-306(Jesus.)-418(Such)-306(a)-306(mode)-306(of)-306(reasoning)-306(can)-306(only)-306(avail)-306(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(establish)-250(a)-250(foregone)-250(conclusion.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td 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[(their)-208(minds,)-216(does)-208(not)-208(constitute)-208(a)-208(strong)-208(proof)-208(that)-208(these)-207(supersti-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tions)-241(were)-241(not)-242(held)-241(by)-241(them?)-247(In)-241(one)-242(word,)-243(it)-241(is)-241(absurd)-241(to)-241(attempt)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-348(charge)-349(writers)-348(with)-348(boundless)-348(credulity)-348(and)-349(superstition,)-372(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-206(ground)-207(that)-206(a)-206(multitude)-206(of)-206(grotesque)-207(beliefs)-206(were)-206(prevalent)-206(in)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1202 0 obj << +/Length 4683 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(258)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(their)-197(day.)-232(No)-197(author)-197(can)-197(be)-197(held)-197(responsible)-197(for)-197(beliefs)-197(other)-197(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-268(which)-268(appear)-267(in)-268(his)-268(pages,)-272(especially)-268(when)-267(subject-matter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-243(his)-243(writings)-243(would)-242(have)-243(been)-243(certain)-243(to)-243(call)-243(them)-243(into)-242(activity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-250(he)-250(had)-250(entertained)-250(them.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-294(course)-293(pursued)-294(by)-294(the)-293(author)-294(is)-294(directly)-293(opposite)-294(to)-293(this.)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(He)-248(has)-248(been)-248(compelled)-248(to)-248(adopt)-249(it,)-248(because)-248(it)-248(is)-248(the)-248(only)-248(method)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-303(which)-304(extreme)-303(credulity)-303(and)-303(superstition)-304(can)-303(be)-303(fastened)-303(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-174(writers)-175(of)-174(the)-349(Gospels.)-224(The)-175(available)-174(contemporary)-174(literature,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([293])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td 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[(of)-237(it,)-240(however,)-240(failing,)-240(he)-237(endeavours)-238(to)-237(substantiate)-237(his)-237(position)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-345(quoting)-345(the)-345(opinions)-345(of)-345(writers)-345(separated)-345(from)-345(the)-345(times)-344(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Jesus)-281(by)-280(several)-281(centuries,)-288(and)-281(affirming)-280(that)-281(they)-280(were)-281(held)-280(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-218(entire)-218(body)-218(of)-218(His)-218(contemporaries.)-239(Such)-218(a)-218(mode)-218(of)-218(reasoning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-250(useless)-250(to)-250(support)-250(anything)-250(but)-250(a)-250(foregone)-250(conclusion.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(A)-363(brief)-364(reference)-363(to)-364(the)-363(authorities)-364(relied)-363(upon)-364(will)-363(at)-363(once)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(expose)-413(the)-414(fallacy)-413(of)-414(the)-413(argument.)-741(First,)-454(certain)-413(differences)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(him.)-272(Is)-257(this)-257(consistent)-257(with)-257(a)-258(belief)-257(in)-257(their)-257(habitual)-257(intervention)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-270(nature?)-312(If)-270(he)-271(was)-270(the)-271(visionary)-270(which)-271(he)-270(has)-271(been)-270(asserted)-270(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-248(been,)-248(would)-248(he)-248(not)-247(have)-248(been)-248(continually)-248(seeing)-248(visions)-247(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(angels)-250(for)-250(his)-250(protection?)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(In)-378(St.)-634(Paul's)-378(writings)-378(we)-378(are)-378(in)-378(the)-378(presence)-378(of)-377(documents)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(which)-468(are)-468(in)-467(the)-468(highest)-468(degree)-468(historical.)-903(Even)-468(those)-467(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(endeavour)-263(to)-264(prove)-263(that)-263(the)-264(Gospels)-263(and)-263(the)-264(Acts)-263(were)-263(not)-263(writ-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ten)-374(until)-374(the)-374(second)-374(century,)-405(are)-374(obliged)-374(to)-374(allow)-374(that)-374(at)-373(least)]TJ 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[(writer,)-223(or)-216(those)-217(to)-216(whom)-217(he)-216(wrote,)-223(held)-216(a)-217(multitude)-216(of)-216(monstrous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-384(phantastic)-385(beliefs)-384(on)-384(this)-385(subject?)-653(Are)-384(not)-384(these)-384(writings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(characterized)-261(by)-261(supreme)-262(good)-261(sense?)-283(Do)-523(they)-261(not)-261(in)-261(this)-261(point)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([303])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(of)-427(view)-426(marvellously)-427(contrast)-426(even)-427(with)-427(those)-426(of)-427(the)-426(earliest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Fathers?)-484(The)-327(writer)-328(undoubtedly)-328(believed)-328(that)-328(unseen)-327(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(agencies)-359(were)-360(capable)-359(of)-360(acting)-359(on)-359(the)-360(mind)-359(of)-359(man,)-387(and)-359(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-446(were)-447(active)-446(agents)-446(in)-447(the)-446(production)-446(of)-447(moral)-446(evil;)-544(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(where)-229(is)-229(the)-228(evidence)-229(that)-229(he)-228(considered)-229(that)-229(external)-229(nature)-228(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(under)-318(their)-319(control,)-335(or)-318(that)-318(they)-319(made)-318(themselves)-318(visible)-318(to)-318(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mortal)-208(eye?)-235(Although)-208(he)-208(affirms)-207(that)-208(he)-207(possessed)-208(a)-207(supernatural)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1241 0 obj << +/Length 4670 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(267)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(illumination)-212(on)-213(religious)-212(subjects,)-220(only)-213(on)-212(two)-213(occasions)-212(does)-212(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(refer)-297(to)-296(visions)-296(as)-297(actually)-296(seen)-297(by)-296(him;)-320(and)-297(he)-296(directly)-296(affirms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-423(he)-423(had)-422(the)-423(power)-423(of)-423(dist)1(inguishing)-423(the)-423(ecstatic)-423(from)-422(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(and)-229(one)-229(who)-229(was)-229(intimately)-229(acquainted)-229(with)-229(the)-229(various)-228(systems)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-405(its)-406(philosophy.)-716(Conscious)-405(as)-406(he)-405(was)-405(that)-406(vast)-405(numbers)-405(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(professors)-259(of)-259(magic)-258(were)-259(impostors,)-261(he)-259(seems)-259(hardly)-259(able)-258(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(realize)-250(the)-250(fact)-250(that)-250(the)-250(whole)-250(art)-250(was)-250(a)-250(delusion.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(It)-280(has)-280(been)-280(affirmed)-281(that)-280(the)-280(progress)-280(of)-280(physical)-280(science)-280(has)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(destroyed)-223(in)-223(this)-223(nineteenth)-223(century)-223(all)-223(belief)-223(in)-223(the)-223(actual)-222(occur-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rence)-271(of)-271(the)-271(supernatural,)-276(and)-542(that)-271(it)-271(now)-271(prevails)-271(only)-271(in)-270(some)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([312])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-367(the)-367(dark)-367(corners)-366(of)-367(Christendom.)-601(The)-367(widespread)-367(belief)-366(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-293(phenomena)-293(of)-292(spiritualism,)-304(which)-292(is)-293(certainly)-293(very)-293(far)-292(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-281(confined)-280(to)-281(religious)-280(men,)-288(and)-281(from)-280(which)-281(some)-280(students)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-290(physical)-290(science)-290(have)-291(not)-290(been)-290(exempt,)-300(is)-290(a)-290(striking)-290(proof)-290(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-282(contrary.)-344(All)-282(that)-282(can)-281(be)-282(affirmed)-282(with)-281(truth)-282(is)-281(that,)-290(in)-281(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modern)-278(times,)-285(these)-278(forms)-277(of)-278(belief)-278(have)-278(taken)-278(a)-278(new)-277(direction.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Modern)-229(science)-228(has)-229(done)-228(much)-229(to)-228(establish)-229(and)-228(spread)-229(the)-228(belief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-233(the)-232(operations)-233(of)-233(all)-232(natural,)]TJ/F31 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[(votary)-328(of)-328(these)-328(opinions)-329(would)-328(find)-328(it)-328(difficult)-328(to)-328(keep)-328(himself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wholly)-225(free)-226(from)-225(terrors)-226(arising)-225(from)-226(unseen)-225(causes,)-231(if)-225(they)-225(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aroused)-332(by)-331(a)-332(suitable)-331(apparatus.)-494(The)-332(study)-331(of)-332(physical)-331(science)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-312(far)-312(from)-312(being)-311(a)-312(universal)-312(safeguard)-312(against)-312(the)-312(invasions)-311(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(superstition.)-425(Its)-309(causes)-308(lie)-309(far)-308(more)-309(deeply)-308(rooted)-309(in)-308(our)-308(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-306(the)-306(principles)-307(of)-306(physical)-306(science)-306(can)-306(reach.)-419(Nor)-306(is)-306(it)-306(able)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(guard)-250(against)-250(an)-250(extravagant)-250(use)-250(of)-250(the)-250(imagination.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(Whether,)-243(in)-240(the)-241(present)-241(state)-240(of)-241(our)-241(philosophy,)-242(we)-241(have)-240(fully)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(penetrated)-412(to)-411(the)-412(depths)-411(of)-412(this)-411(principle)-412(thus)-411(working)-412(in)-411(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mind)-306(of)-306(man,)-320(may)-306(admit)-306(of)-306(doubt;)-334(but)-306(its)-306(presence)-306(there,)-320(as)-305(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(essential)-245(portion)-245(of)-244(our)-245(nature,)-246(is)-245(an)-245(unquestionable)-244(fact.)-249(We)-244(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-296(without)-296(the)-296(means)-297(of)-296(getting)-296(a)-296(general)-296(idea)-296(of)-296(its)-296(character.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-284(is)-285(doubtless)-284(intimately)-285(connected)-284(with)-284(those)-285(principles)-284(of)-284(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-323(which)-322(constitute)-323(man)-323(a)-323(religious)-322(being,)-341(and)-323(which)-322(form)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(religion)-209(or)-209(superstition.)-236(Although)-209(he)-208(possessed)-209(a)-209(mighty)-208(intellect)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1285 0 obj << +/Length 4662 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(276)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-257(was)-258(no)-257(stranger)-258(to)-257(the)-258(truths)-257(of)-258(modern)-257(science,)-260(yet)-257(even)-257(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believed)-345(in)-346(his)-345(star.)-537(Many)-345(other)-346(instances)-345(of)-346(men)-345(of)-345(powerful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intellect)-183(who)-183(disbelieved)-183(in)-183(religion,)-196(yet)-183(who)-183(entertained)-183(singular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superstitions,)-387(might)-359(be)-359(easily)-360(adduced.)-578(I)-359(refer)-359(to)-360(them)-359(for)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(purpose)-350(of)-351(proving)-350(that)-351(the)-350(principle)-351(out)-350(of)-351(which)-350(such)-350(things)]TJ 0 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[(constitutes)-218(a)-218(whole.)-239(These)-218(faculties)-218(hold)-218(in)-218(it)-218(a)-218(place)-217(subordinate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-237(reason)-238(and)-237(to)-237(conscience.)-246(When)-237(our)-237(rational,)-240(our)-237(imaginative,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-240(our)-240(moral)-240(powers)-240(act)-240(harmoniously)-240(together,)-242(they)-240(constitute)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-250(a)-250(religious)-250(being.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But,)-319(for)-305(the)-304(purposes)-305(of)-305(the)-305(present)-305(argument,)-319(I)-305(have)-304(simply)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(to)-254(draw)-253(attention)-254(to)-254(the)-254(fact)-253(that)-254(imagination,)-255(wonder,)-254(reverence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-320(awe)-320(form)-320(an)-320(essential)-319(portion)-320(of)-320(our)-320(being.)-460(It)-320(would)-320(be)-319(in)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1289 0 obj << +/Length 4692 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(277)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 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[(reduced)-263(to)-263(the)-263(mere)-263(mechanical)-263(action)-263(of)-262(the)-263(understanding,)-266(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wheels)-404(of)-405(which)-404(would)-404(be)-405(in)-404(danger)-404(of)-405(rusting.)-713(Nor)-404(has)-404(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(faculty)-272(of)-273(wonder)-272(a)-272(less)-273(definite)-272(place)-272(in)-273(our)-272(being.)-317(It)-272(is)-272(closely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(connected)-292(with)-293(our)-292(imagination,)-303(which)-293(supplies)-585(it)-292(with)-292(objects)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([315])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(fitted)-300(to)-300(excite)-300(it,)-313(and)-300(ought)-299(to)-300(be)-300(exercised)-300(under)-300(the)-300(guidance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-272(reason.)-317(Its)-272(object)-273(is)-272(the)-272(great)-272(and)-273(the)-272(vast,)-278(shall)-272(I)-272(not)-273(say,)-277(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infinite?)-444(Regulated)-315(by)-315(reason)-315(and)-314(united)-315(with)-315(awe,)-331(it)-314(produces)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reverence.)-794(Reverence)-432(points)-431(to)-432(the)-431(existence)-432(of)-431(some)-431(object)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-377(is)-377(really)-377(worthy)-377(of)-377(veneration.)-631(Veneration)-377(can)-377(only)-376(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legitimately)-200(exercised)-200(on)-200(that)-200(which)-200(is)-200(truly)-200(venerable.)-233(As)-200(such)-200(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(directly)-260(points)-261(to)-260(a)-260(personal)-261(God,)-263(and)-260(refuses)-260(to)-261(rest)-260(in)-260(anything)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(short)-401(of)-401(Him)-400(as)-401(able)-401(fully)-401(to)-401(gratify)-400(its)-401(aspirations.)-702(Viewing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(them)-263(as)-262(a)-263(whole,)-266(the)-262(legitimate)-263(object)-263(of)-262(these)-263(faculties,)-266(and)-262(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subject)-379(from)-380(which)-379(they)-380(can)-379(receive)-380(their)-379(fullest)-379(gratification,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-365(that)-365(Great)-365(Being)-364(who)-365(everywhere)-365(manifests)-365(Himself)-365(in)-364(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(glorious)-321(universe.)-464(But)-321(when)-321(man)-322(has)-321(ceased)-321(to)-321(contemplate)-321(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-305(a)-304(rational)-305(power)-305(guiding)-304(and)-305(controlling)-305(it,)-318(the)-304(principle)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-260(wonder)-260(has)-260(frequently)-259(prompted)-260(him)-260(to)-260(gratify)-260(its)-259(aspirations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-362(peopling)-361(it)-362(with)-361(a)-362(multi)1(tude)-362(of)-361(phantastic)-362(creations.)-584(When)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-270(the)-271(influence)-270(of)-271(awe,)-275(he)-271(has)-270(contemplated)-270(it)-271(in)-270(its)-270(terrible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aspects,)-345(unguided)-326(by)-326(a)-326(being)-326(who)-326(possesses)-326(a)-326(moral)-325(character,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-189(feelings)-190(have)-189(prompted)-189(the)-189(imagination)-189(to)-190(fill)-189(it)-189(with)-189(beings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-250(excite)-250(the)-250(feeling)-250(of)-250(superstitious)-250(dread.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(Although)-404(the)-403(vastness)-404(of)-403(the)-404(material)-404(universe)-403(and)-404(the)-403(en-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ergy)-357(of)-358(its)-357(forces)-357(can)-358(excite)-357(the)-357(feeling)-357(of)-358(wonder,)-384(yet)-357(that)-357(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reverence)-310(refuses)-310(to)-310(find)-311(in)-310(the)-310(mere)-310(extension)-310(of)-310(space,)-325(or)-310(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-202(of)-202(material)-202(forces,)-212(any)-202(object)-202(adequate)-202(to)-202(its)-202(demands.)-234(The)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1293 0 obj << +/Length 4648 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 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[(in)-283(whom)-284(it)-283(can)-284(find)-283(a)-284(centre,)-291(and)-284(it)-283(will)-284(find)-283(its)-284(gratification)-283(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -75.847 0 Td [([316])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(nothing)-291(short)-292(of)-291(one.)-375(To)-291(talk,)-302(as)-291(many)-292(Pantheists)-291(do,)-302(of)-291(feeling)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reverence)-314(for)-314(an)-314(impersonal)-314(Universe,)-330(is)-314(a)-314(misuse)-314(of)-314(language.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(What!)-436(to)-312(reverence)-312(a)-312(Being,)-327(if)-312(the)-312(impersonal)-312(Universe)-312(can)-312(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(called)-419(a)-418(Being,)-461(which)-419(is)-419(everlastingly)-418(casting)-419(up)-419(the)-418(bubbles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-394(existence)-395(in)-394(the)-394(form)-394(of)-394(moral)-395(agents,)-430(and)-394(is)-394(everlastingly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(devouring)-336(them,)-358(devoid)-336(alike)-336(of)-337(consciousness,)-357(volition,)-358(and)-336(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-250(nature!)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-429(follows,)-474(therefore,)-473(if)-429(these)-429(principles)-429(form)-429(a)-429(constituent)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(portion)-292(of)-291(our)-292(nature,)-301(that)-292(like)-292(all)-291(our)-292(other)-291(faculties,)-302(they)-291(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(admit)-265(of)-266(a)-265(right)-265(and)-266(a)-265(perverted)-266(use.)-296(It)-265(is)-265(therefore)-266(absurd)-265(to)-265(lay)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(down)-197(as)-197(a)-197(general)-197(principle,)-207(because)-197(they)-197(admit)-197(of)-197(an)-196(illegitimate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(use,)-254(that)-254(the)-253(whole)-254(class)-253(of)-254(phenomena)-253(connected)-254(with)-253(them)-253(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worthy)-435(of)-434(nothing)-434(but)-435(summary)-434(rejection,)-481(without)-434(exercising)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(our)-336(reason)-336(on)-336(the)-336(evidence)-336(on)-336(which)-336(they)-336(stand.)-508(All)-336(that)-335(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence)-439(can)-439(prove)-439(in)-439(reference)-439(to)-439(this)-439(subject)-439(is)-439(something)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-406(is)-407(very)-406(like)-406(a)-406(truism;)-485(that)-406(mankind,)-446(being)-406(liable)-406(to)-406(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kinds)-341(of)-341(mistakes)-340(and)-341(errors,)-363(and)-341(having)-341(frequently)-341(fallen)-340(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them,)-254(no)-253(class)-253(of)-253(phenomena)-253(ought)-253(to)-253(be)-253(accepted)-253(as)-253(facts,)-253(until)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evidence)-267(of)-266(their)-267(occurrence)-267(has)-267(been)-266(adduced)-267(which)-267(is)-266(capable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-250(satisfying)-250(our)-250(reason.)-250(But)-250(this)-250(is)-250(a)-250(very)-250(harmless)-250(proposition.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(There)-215(can)-215(be)-215(no)-215(doubt)-215(that)-215(to)-215(a)-215(perverted)-215(use)-215(of)-215(these)-214(faculties)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-432(due)-432(the)-433(belief)-432(in)-432(a)-432(kind)-432(of)-433(current)-432(supernaturalism,)-477(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-373(various)-373(forms)-373(runs)-373(through)-373(the)-373(entire)-373(history)-373(of)-373(man.)-619(This)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-364(owed)-364(its)-364(origin)-364(to)-364(the)-364(efforts)-364(of)-364(the)-364(imagination)-364(to)-363(supply)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(objects)-412(for)-412(its)-412(gratification)-411(when)-412(the)-412(reason)-412(is)-412(feeble)-412(and)-411(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(moral)-315(faculties)-315(have)-315(become)-315(perverted.)-445(Hence)-315(the)-315(readiness)-314(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(large)-248(masses)-247(of)-248(mankind)-248(to)-248(accept)-247(narratives)-248(of)-248(marvels)-247(without)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1297 0 obj << +/Length 4866 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(279)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(regard)-374(to)-373(the)-374(evidence)-373(on)-374(which)-373(they)-374(rest.)-620(They)-374(are)-373(accepted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(simply)-219(as)-218(gratifying)-219(the)-219(principle)-437(of)-218(wonder.)-240(This)-219(is)-218(the)-219(cause)-218(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([317])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(what)-250(I)-250(have)-250(designated)-250(by)-250(the)-250(term)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 155.422 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Current)-250(Supernaturalism.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 110.29 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -258.6 -18.459 Td [(But)-342(because)-341(all)-342(our)-341(faculties)-342(admit)-341(of)-342(abuse,)-364(and)-342(the)-341(higher)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(they)-302(are,)-314(the)-301(greater,)-315(this)-301(forms)-302(no)-301(reason)-302(for)-301(rejecting)-302(their)-301(le-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gitimate)-272(use,)-277(or)-272(the)-272(entire)-271(subject-matter)-272(on)-272(which)-272(they)-271(operate.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(As)-311(I)-311(have)-311(observed,)-326(the)-311(principle)-311(is)-311(found)-311(energizing)-311(wherever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-316(exists.)-447(Although)-316(in)-316(one)-316(age)-316(it)-315(may)-316(be)-316(more)-316(active)-316(than)-315(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another,)-362(it)-339(is)-340(alike)-339(the)-340(inheritance)-339(of)-340(the)-339(civilized)-340(man)-339(and)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(savage.)-248(It)-243(has)-243(displayed)-244(itself)-243(in)-243(the)-243(creations)-243(of)-244(the)-243(poet)-243(and)-243(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(writer)-242(of)-243(fiction;)-245(in)-242(the)-242(various)-242(forms)-243(of)-242(religious)-242(thought;)-245(in)-242(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(production)-342(of)-342(ghost-stories)-343(and)-342(pictures)-342(of)-342(the)-342(under-world;)-388(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-263(creation)-263(of)-262(the)-263(various)-263(forms)-263(of)-263(demonology,)-266(witchcraft)-262(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(magic;)-312(in)-291(the)-291(milder)-291(form)-291(of)-291(fairy-tales;)-311(in)-291(charms)-291(and)-291(incanta-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tions,)-358(and)-336(in)-336(efforts)-336(to)-337(pry)-336(into)-336(the)-336(future.)-509(Even)-336(in)-336(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-344(science)-345(we)-344(may)-345(trace)-344(its)-345(influence,)-368(not)-344(only)-345(in)-344(aiding)-344(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(suggesting)-210(their)-209(great)-210(discoveries,)-218(but)-209(in)-210(propounding)-209(multitudes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-278(startling)-278(theories,)-284(erected)-278(on)-278(the)-278(smallest)-278(basis)-277(of)-278(fact.)-333(These)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-202(only)-203(gratify)-202(this)-203(feeling,)-212(but)-202(promise)-202(an)-203(apparently)-202(royal)-202(road)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-383(knowledge,)-417(which)-383(avoids)-383(the)-383(long)-384(and)-383(tedious)-383(one)-383(of)-383(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(propounding)-331(theories)-332(after)-331(a)-331(careful)-331(investigation)-331(of)-332(facts.)-493(But)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-240(the)-240(regions)-239(of)-240(intellectual)-240(pursuit,)-242(its)-240(abnormal)-239(manifestations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-305(pre-eminently)-305(in)-304(the)-305(science)-305(of)-305(historical)-304(criticism,)-319(in)-304(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(numerous)-334(departments)-335(of)-334(historical)-334(inquiry)-335(where)-334(the)-334(facts)-334(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(few)-235(and)-234(vague.)-245(Here)-235(nothing)-235(is)-234(easier)-235(than)-235(to)-234(supply)-235(the)-234(absence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-289(facts)-290(by)-289(theory,)-299(and)-289(to)-290(erect)-289(a)-289(magnificent)-290(edifice)-289(on)-289(a)-289(foun-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dation)-265(of)-264(sand.)-294(The)-264(ancient)-265(soothsayer)-264(gratified)-265(vulgar)-264(curiosity)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-384(guessing)-383(at)-383(the)-384(events)-383(of)-384(the)-383(future.)-651(There)-383(is)-384(a)-383(species)-383(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modern)-362(soothsaying)-361(which)-362(expends)-362(its)-361(energies)-362(in)-362(guessing)-361(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-352(events)-351(of)-352(the)-351(past.)-555(Such)-352(guessing)-351(presents)-352(an)-351(unspeakable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fascination)-266(to)-267(a)-266(large)-266(number)-533(of)-266(minds,)-270(by)-267(its)-266(happy)-266(mixture)-266(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([318])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(fiction)-246(and)-246(fact,)-247(and)-247(is)-246(the)-246(true)-246(analogue)-246(to)-247(many)-246(of)-246(the)-246(forms)-246(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ancient)-267(thought.)-300(It)-267(has)-267(been)-267(necessary)-266(to)-267(draw)-267(attention)-267(to)-266(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(things)-384(for)-383(the)-384(purpose)-383(of)-384(provi)1(ng)-384(the)-383(widespread)-384(influence)-383(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1303 0 obj << +/Length 4605 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(280)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(this)-230(principle)-229(on)-230(human)-230(nature.)-243(Its)-230(action)-229(has)-230(manifested)-230(itself)-229(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(different)-248(forms)-249(in)-248(different)-248(ages;)-249(but)-248(the)-248(cause)-249(is)-248(the)-248(same)-248(in)-248(all,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-258(existence)-258(in)-258(man)-259(of)-258(a)-258(principle)-258(which)-258(points)-258(to)-258(the)-258(existence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-281(God,)-288(and)-280(which)-281(can)-281(only)-280(receive)-281(its)-280(adequate)-281(gratification)-280(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Him.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(The)-319(action)-318(of)-319(similar)-319(principles)-319(produces)-318(in)-319(man)-319(the)-319(love)-318(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(the)-245(extraordinary,)-245(the)-245(unusual)-244(and)-245(the)-245(novel.)-248(This)-244(is)-245(so)-244(powerful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-384(unless)-383(it)-384(is)-384(kept)-383(in)-384(subordination)-383(to)-384(reason,)-417(it)-384(produces)-383(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(number)-301(of)-301(fictitious)-301(beliefs.)-402(So)-301(strong)-301(is)-301(it,)-313(that)-301(it)-301(may)-301(be)-300(truly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(said)-359(of)-359(large)-359(numbers)-359(of)-359(mankind)-359(that)-359(they)-359(spend)-359(all)-359(the)-359(time)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-238(they)-238(are)-238(not)-238(compelled)-238(to)-238(devote)-238(to)-238(the)-238(serious)-238(realities)-237(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(life,)-230(in)-226(little)-225(else)-226(than)-226(hearing)-225(and)-226(speaking)-225(of)-226(some)-225(new)-226(thing.)-241(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-298(undoubtedly)-298(the)-298(cause)-297(of)-298(a)-298(large)-298(number)-298(of)-298(fictitious)-297(beliefs,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-351(produces,)-377(in)-351(minds)-352(where)-351(the)-352(rational)-351(powers)-351(are)-352(weak,)-376(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ready)-257(acceptance)-257(of)-257(the)-257(unusual,)-258(the)-257(strange,)-259(and)-257(the)-256(wonderful.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-265(same)-265(principle,)-269(acting)-266(in)-265(conjunction)-265(with)-265(others,)-269(when)-265(un-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(controlled)-275(by)-274(reason,)-281(has)-274(occasioned)-275(many)-274(of)-275(the)-274(exaggerations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(are)-250(to)-250(be)-250(found)-250(in)-250(history.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(Still,)-431(as)-394(one)-395(of)-395(the)-394(fundamental)-395(principles)-394(of)-395(our)-395(minds,)-430(it)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(cannot)-336(but)-336(have)-337(a)-336(legitimate)-336(sphere)-336(of)-336(action.)-509(United)-336(with)-336(cu-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(riosity,)-223(it)-216(is)-216(the)-216(chief)-216(source)-216(of)-216(all)-216(mental)-216(activity.)-238(It)-216(is)-216(that)-216(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(produces)-345(the)-346(earnest)-345(desire)-345(to)-345(penetrate)-345(into)-346(the)-345(regions)-345(of)-345(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unknown.)-458(As)-320(such,)-337(it)-319(is)-320(essential)-319(to)-320(the)-319(activity)-320(of)-319(our)-319(rational)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faculties,)-249(and)-248(has)-248(been)-248(the)-248(exciting)-248(cause)-248(which)-248(has)-248(rendered)-248(all)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(our)-250(great)-250(discoveries)-250(possible.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(It)-283(follows,)-292(therefore,)-292(that)-283(if)-283(these)-284(principles)-283(form)-567(part)-283(of)-283(our)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -84.711 0 Td [([319])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(mental)-299(constitution,)-310(the)-299(objection)-298(that)-299(they)-298(destroy)-298(the)-299(value)-298(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(century)-284(of)-285(our)-284(era.)-353(This)-284(was)-285(no)-284(period)-284(of)-285(mental)-284(darkness)-284(or)-284(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(boundless)-278(credulity.)-333(In)-278(the)-278(early)-278(ages,)-285(when)-278(every)-277(phenomenon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-380(nature)-379(was)-380(viewed)-379(as)-380(due)-379(to)-379(the)-380(action)-379(of)-380(some)-379(capricious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(god,)-376(the)-352(belief)-351(in)-351(an)-351(order)-351(of)-351(nature)-352(must)-351(have)-351(been)-351(in)-351(a)-351(high)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(degree)-251(vague)-250(and)-251(uncertain.)-252(But)-251(such)-251(a)-250(state)-251(of)-251(things,)-250(whatever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-226(might)-226(once)-226(have)-226(been,)-231(had)-226(long)-226(since)-226(passed)-226(away.)-242(The)-226(period)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-248(history)-247(now)-248(under)-248(consideration)-248(was)-247(one)-248(of)-248(widespread)-247(intel-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(There)-358(is)-358(a)-358(large)-357(class)-358(of)-358(events)-358(which)-358(civilized)-358(man)-357(cannot)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(help)-300(recognizing)-301(as)-300(belonging)-300(to)-300(a)-301(definite)-300(order)-300(and)-300(sequence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-329(where)-329(the)-329(belief)-328(in)-329(the)-329(marvellous)-329(exerts)-329(little)-329(or)-329(no)-328(influ-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ence.)-453(The)-318(violation)-318(of)-318(this)-318(order)-318(he)-317(views)-318(as)-318(impossible.)-453(Thus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-415(cannot)-415(fail)-415(to)-414(recognize)-415(the)-415(fact)-415(that)-415(men)-415(cannot)-415(walk)-414(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-324(water)-323(without)-324(support;)-360(that)-324(thousands)-324(of)-323(persons)-324(cannot)-323(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fed)-437(by)-437(a)-436(few)-437(loaves)-437(and)-436(fishes;)-531(that)-436(diseases)-437(never)-437(leave)-436(us)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instantaneously)-420(by)-420(no)-419(other)-420(agency)-420(than)-420(that)-419(of)-420(a)-420(touch)-420(or)-419(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(word;)-474(and)-399(that)-399(men)-398(who)-399(have)-399(been)-399(actually)-399(dead)-399(have)-399(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(returned)-204(to)-204(life.)-235(No)-204(amount)-204(of)-204(the)-204(love)-204(of)-204(the)-204(marvellous)-204(has)-204(ever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(induced)-350(men)-349(to)-350(consider)-350(such)-350(occurrences)-349(possible.)-549(Whatever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-251(have)-251(been)-251(the)-251(current)-251(supernaturalism)-251(of)-251(the)-251(ancient)-250(world,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-310(did)-310(not)-310(embody)-310(beliefs)-310(of)-310(this)-310(description.)-430(This)-310(is)-310(proved)-310(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-336(entire)-336(course)-337(of)-336(ancient)-336(history.)-509(Its)-336(supernaturalism)-336(is)-336(of)-336(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wholly)-209(different)-209(order.)-237(The)-209(love)-209(of)-209(the)-209(marvellous,)-217(therefore,)-217(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(never)-272(so)-273(confounded)-272(the)-273(distinction)-272(between)-272(the)-273(natural)-272(and)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supernatural)-245(among)-244(civilized)-245(men,)-245(as)-245(to)-245(have)-244(deprived)-245(a)-244(miracle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(its)-250(significance.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Such)-320(an)-321(assertion)-320(respecting)-320(any)-320(part)-321(of)-320(the)-320(Roman)-320(Empire,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(during)-297(the)-297(century)-298(which)-297(preceded)-297(and)-297(that)-297(which)-297(followed)-297(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Advent,)-492(would)-444(be)-444(contrary)-444(to)-444(fact.)-832(On)-444(the)-444(contrary,)-492(certain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(classes)-347(of)-348(events)-347(which)-347(were)-347(reported)-347(to)-348(have)-347(happened,)-371(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(invariably)-276(believed)-276(to)-276(have)-276(been)-276(really)-276(supernatural.)-328(They)-275(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-259(far)-259(from)-259(being)-258(considered)-259(as)-259(devoid)-259(of)-259(meaning,)-261(that)-258(persons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supposed)-208(to)-207(be)-208(skilled)-207(in)-208(the)-208(art)-207(of)-208(interpreting)-207(them)-208(were)-207(habitu-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ally)-245(consulted)-245(as)-246(to)-245(what)-245(they)-245(were)-245(intended)-246(to)-245(denote.)-248(The)-245(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exceptions)-286(to)-286(this)-285(were)-286(those)-286(occurrences)-286(which)-286(were)-285(supposed)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1323 0 obj << +/Length 4572 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(285)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(to)-308(have)-308(been)-308(brought)-308(about)-308(by)-308(the)-308(art)-308(of)-308(magic.)-424(These)-308(seem)-308(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-364(been)-365(viewed)-364(as)-365(in)-364(some)-364(measure)-365(due)-364(to)-365(the)-364(existence)-364(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occult)-325(powers)-324(in)-325(nature,)-344(the)-324(results)-325(of)-325(which)-649(the)-325(professors)-324(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([324])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-360(art)-359(had)-360(succeeded)-359(in)-360(mastering.)-578(It)-360(may)-359(be)-360(safely)-359(affirmed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-315(at)-315(no)-316(portion)-315(of)-315(this)-315(period)-315(was)-316(the)-315(love)-315(of)-315(the)-315(marvellous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-420(prevalent)-419(in)-420(any)-420(portion)-419(of)-420(the)-420(Roman)-419(Empire)-420(as)-420(to)-419(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deprived)-250(a)-250(real)-250(miracle)-250(of)-250(its)-250(signification.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(It)-469(follows)-468(therefore)-469(that)-468(it)-469(is)-468(impossible)-469(to)-468(lay)-469(down)-468(any)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(abstract)-312(rule)-311(which)-312(will)-312(save)-311(us)-312(the)-312(trouble)-311(of)-312(investigating)-311(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evidence)-467(of)-467(miracles,)-522(because)-467(mankind)-467(has)-467(in)-467(all)-467(ages)-467(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(greatly)-335(influenced)-334(by)-335(the)-335(love)-334(of)-335(the)-334(marvellous,)-356(and)-335(under)-334(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(influence)-383(has)-383(invented)-384(a)-383(number)-383(of)-383(occurrences)-383(which)-383(reason)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pronounces)-347(incredible.)-539(The)-347(action)-347(of)-346(this)-347(principle)-346(is)-347(far)-346(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-308(confined)-308(to)-308(subjects)-308(connected)-307(with)-308(religion,)-323(but)-307(extends)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(over)-377(the)-376(whole)-377(range)-376(of)-377(literature.)-630(While)-376(it)-377(is)-376(quite)-377(true)-376(that,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-476(the)-477(influence)-476(of)-477(various)-476(principles)-477(of)-476(this)-476(description,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(numbers)-207(of)-206(fictions)-207(have)-206(been)-207(reported)-206(by)-207(ancient)-206(historians,)-215(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forms)-354(a)-354(valid)-354(reason)-355(only)-354(for)-354(rejecting)-354(those)-354(which)-354(rest)-354(on)-354(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adequate)-309(attestation.)-427(The)-309(adoption)-309(of)-309(the)-309(other)-309(principle)-308(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(render)-377(all)-377(knowledge)-376(of)-377(the)-377(past)-377(impossible.)-630(All)-377(the)-376(faculties)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-340(our)-340(minds)-340(admit)-340(of)-340(a)-340(legitimate)-340(and)-340(an)-340(illegitimate)-340(use.)-520(To)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reject)-335(the)-334(results)-335(of)-335(the)-334(right)-335(use)-335(of)-334(our)-335(faculties,)-356(because)-334(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(are)-250(capable)-250(of)-250(a)-250(wrong)-250(one,)-250(is)-250(absurd.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(But)-242(an)-241(opposite)-242(view)-241(may)-242(be)-242(taken)-241(of)-242(the)-242(entire)-241(question,)-243(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(one)-250(which)-250(is)-250(dictated)-250(by)-250(the)-250(principles)-250(of)-250(reason.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(Several)-230(principles)-230(in)-230(man)-229(directly)-230(point)-230(to)-230(the)-230(existence)-230(of)-229(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(supernatural.)-639(Among)-379(these)-380(veneration)-379(and)-380(conscience)-379(occupy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-376(conspicuous)-375(place.)-627(These)-376(acting)-376(in)-375(conjunction)-376(with)-375(reason)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(constitute)-285(man)-285(a)-285(religious)-285(being.)-355(Man)-285(alone)-285(of)-285(all)-285(living)-285(beings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-313(capable)-313(of)-313(religion.)-440(The)-313(principle)-313(of)-313(reverence)-313(finds)-313(its)-313(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adequate)-299(gratification)-298(in)-299(the)-299(contemplation)-298(of)-299(moral)-298(perfection.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Moral)-195(perfection)-196(is)-195(inconceivable)-391(where)-195(personality)-195(and)-195(volition)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([325])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(are)-357(not.)-570(This)-357(principle)-357(therefore)-356(forms)-357(the)-357(counterpart)-357(in)-356(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-268(is)-269(directly)-268(correlated)-269(to)-268(the)-268(being)-269(and)-268(the)-269(perfections)-268(of)-268(a)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1329 0 obj << +/Length 1967 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(286)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(personal)-341(God.)-525(It)-341(follows)-341(that)-342(instead)-341(of)-342(these)-341(principles)-341(inval-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(idating)-332(the)-332(existence)-332(of)-332(the)-332(supernatural,)-352(they)-332(establish)-332(it.)-496(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-209(of)-209(immensity)-209(is)-209(the)-209(adequate)-209(subject-matter)-209(on)-209(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-327(faculty)-326(of)-327(wonder)-326(works.)-479(The)-327(highest)-326(conception)-327(of)-326(great-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ness)-350(is)-350(realized)-351(in)-350(God.)-550(In)-351(Him)-350(therefore)-350(this)-350(faculty)-350(receives)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-240(most)-239(perfect)-240(realization.)-246(Reverence)-240(points)-239(to)-240(greatness)-239(united)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-398(supreme)-398(moral)-397(goodness.)-693(The)-398(imperfection)-398(of)-398(man)-397(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-340(satisfy)-340(it.)-521(It)-340(therefore)-340(impels)-341(man)-340(to)-340(bow)-340(down)-340(before)-340(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(throne)-341(of)-340(One)-341(who)-340(transcends)-340(the)-341(imperfections)-340(of)-341(the)-340(created)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(universe.)-578(If)-360(there)-359(be)-360(a)-359(personal)-360(God,)-387(supremely)-359(good,)-387(who)-359(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-242(Creator)-242(and)-243(moral)-242(Governor)-242(of)-242(the)-242(universe,)-244(nothing)-242(is)-242(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-267(conformity)-267(with)-267(our)-268(highest)-267(reason)-267(than)-267(that)-267(He)-267(should)-267(make)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-394(further)-394(manifestation)-394(of)-394(Himself)-394(to)-394(man,)-430(in)-394(addition)-394(to)-394(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(He)-250(has)-250(made)-250(in)-250(the)-250(material)-250(universe.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 -27.415 Td [([326])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1337 0 obj << +/Length 3137 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 18.9589 Tf 46.771 479.321 Td [(Chapter)-271(XV.)-271(Our)-271(Summary)]TJ 0 -24.647 Td [(Rejection)-286(Of)-286(Current)]TJ 0 -24.646 Td [(Supernaturalism)-256(Considered)-256(In)-257(Its)]TJ 0 -24.647 Td [(Bearing)-265(On)-266(The)-265(Evidence)-265(For)]TJ 0 -24.646 Td [(Miracles.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 0 -41.745 Td [(There)-389(can)-390(be)-389(no)-390(doubt)-389(that)-390(there)-389(is)-390(an)-389(enormous)-390(mass)-389(of)-389(su-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pernatural)-415(beliefs)-414(which)-415(we)-414(feel)-414(at)-415(once)-414(justified)-415(in)-414(rejecting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(without)-204(troubling)-204(ourselves)-205(to)-204(inquire)-204(into)-204(the)-204(evidence)-204(on)-204(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-253(rest.)-259(Others)-253(also)-253(we)-253(reject)-253(because)-253(on)-253(investigation)-253(we)-252(find)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-218(altogether)-217(destitute)-218(of)-217(evidence.)-239(Others)-218(again)-217(which)-218(rest)-217(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evidence)-239(which)-238(would)-239(be)-238(sufficient)-238(to)-239(establish)-238(an)-239(ordinary)-238(fact,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-263(reject)-262(notwithstanding)-262(this)-263(attestation,)-266(on)-262(the)-263(ground)-262(of)-262(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inherent)-348(improbability.)-543(It)-348(has)-347(been)-348(objected)-348(that)-348(our)-347(summary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rejection)-359(of)-359(the)-359(great)-358(mass)-359(of)-359(current)-359(supernaturalism)-359(puts)-358(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(case)-327(of)-326(miracles)-327(out)-327(of)-326(court,)-346(and)-327(renders)-326(them)-327(so)-326(improbable,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-353(it)-352(is)-353(unnecessary)-352(minutely)-352(to)-353(examine)-352(the)-353(evidence)-352(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(can)-336(be)-336(adduced)-336(in)-336(support)-336(of)-336(them.)-508(I)-336(propose)-336(therefore)-336(in)-336(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chapter)-262(to)-262(consider)-262(the)-262(reasons)-262(for)-262(our)-262(summary)-262(rejection)-262(of)-261(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-419(mass)-419(of)-419(current)-419(supernaturalism,)-461(and)-419(its)-419(bearing)-419(on)-418(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(credibility)-250(of)-250(the)-250(miracles)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament.)]TJ 11.956 -15.414 Td [(First:)-293(I)-272(observe)-272(that)-271(the)-272(stories)-272(of)-271(current)-272(supernaturalism)-271(are)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(not)-362(the)-361(only)-362(ones)-362(which)-361(we)-362(reject)-362(in)-361(a)-362(summary)-362(manner.)-584(We)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(treat)-435(in)-435(the)-435(same)-435(way)-435(a)-435(great)-435(number)-435(of)-435(other)-435(stories)-435(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(offend)-345(against)-346(the)-345(principles)-346(of)-345(common)-346(sense.)-536(It)-346(is)-345(clear)-345(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-262(these)-262(latter)-524(cases,)-265(we)-262(do)-262(not)-262(reject)-262(them)-262(merely)-262(because)-262(they)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([327])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(are)-289(supernatural,)-299(but)-289(because)-289(they)-289(are)-289(generally)-289(incredible.)-366(The)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1341 0 obj << +/Length 4685 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(288)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(fact)-312(therefore)-312(that)-312(we)-313(thus)-312(reject)-312(a)-312(number)-312(of)-312(absurd)-312(narratives)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(without)-297(inquiry)-296(into)-297(the)-296(evidence)-297(on)-296(which)-297(they)-297(rest,)-308(cannot)-296(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(urged)-312(as)-313(a)-312(reason)-312(for)-312(rejecting)-312(other)-313(occurrences)-312(which)-312(are)-312(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(involved)-313(in)-313(any)-313(such)-313(absurdity.)-438(If)-313(the)-313(principle)-313(is)-313(valid)-312(against)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(miracles,)-254(it)-253(must)-254(be)-253(equally)-253(so)-253(against)-254(other)-253(extensive)-253(classes)-253(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(facts.)-418(To)-306(assert)-306(that)-306(miracles)-306(are)-306(thus)-306(absurd)-306(or)-306(ridiculous)-306(is)-306(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assume)-250(the)-250(point)-250(which)-250(ought)-250(to)-250(be)-250(proved.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Secondly:)-233(We)-216(reject)-216(the)-216(great)-216(mass)-216(of)-216(current)-216(supernaturalism)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(because)-339(it)-339(is)-339(unable)-339(to)-339(assign)-339(any)-339(adequate)-339(reason)-339(for)-339(its)-339(exis-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tence.)-243(When)-229(it)-229(is)-228(alleged)-229(that)-229(a)-229(miracle)-228(has)-229(been)-229(performed)-229(as)-228(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(attestation)-246(of)-245(a)-246(revelation,)-246(if)-245(it)-246(forms)-245(a)-246(necessary)-245(portion)-246(of)-245(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attestation,)-387(this)-359(is)-359(an)-360(adequate)-359(reason)-359(for)-360(the)-359(miracle.)-578(But)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-272(mass)-273(of)-272(current)-272(supernaturalism)-272(is)-273(utterly)-272(unable)-272(to)-272(assign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-284(reason)-284(for)-284(its)-283(existence;)-301(or)-284(if)-284(reasons)-284(have)-283(been)-284(given,)-292(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-206(qui)1(te)-206(inadequate.)-235(Of)-206(this)-205(the)-206(case)-205(of)-205(magic)-206(is)-205(an)-206(example.)-235(If)-205(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-194(a)-194(reality,)-206(it)-194(would)-194(not)-194(only)-195(interfere)-194(with)-194(the)-194(order)-194(of)-194(nature,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-395(no)-396(reason)-395(could)-395(be)-395(given)-395(for)-396(this)-395(interference.)-686(If,)-431(on)-395(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-215(hand,)-222(its)-215(phenomena)-214(were)-215(alleged)-215(to)-215(be)-215(due)-215(to)-215(secret)-214(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-320(nature,)-337(then)-320(they)-319(would)-320(belong)-320(to)-320(an)-319(order)-320(of)-320(grotesque)-319(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monstrous)-213(phenomena,)-220(which)-213(we)-213(are)-213(justified)-213(at)-213(once)-213(in)-212(refusing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-222(believe)-222(to)-222(be)-222(due)-222(to)-222(the)-221(action)-222(of)-222(intelligence)-222(or)-222(goodness;)-231(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-220(the)-220(supposition)-221(that)-220(there)-220(is)-220(a)-221(moral)-220(Governor)-220(of)-220(the)-220(universe,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-243(is)-243(utterly)-243(incredible)-243(that)-243(they)-243(would)-243(occur)-243(either)-243(by)-243(his)-242(agency)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-250(with)-250(his)-250(permission.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Perhaps)-416(the)-416(best)-417(attested)-416(occurrences)-416(of)-416(current)-416(supernatu-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ralism)-415(are)-414(the)-415(phenomena)-415(of)-415(spiritualism.)-744(It)-414(will)-415(tend)-415(to)-414(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(illustration)-270(of)-270(this)-270(subject,)-276(if)-270(we)-540(consider)-270(the)-270(grounds)-270(on)-270(which)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([328])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(we)-356(reject)-357(a)-356(large)-357(portion)-356(of)-357(its)-356(reported)-357(phenomena)-356(quite)-356(irre-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spectively)-203(of)-202(the)-203(evidence)-203(produced)-203(in)-202(favour)-203(of)-203(their)-202(reality,)-212(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascribe)-241(the)-240(belief)-241(in)-240(them)-241(to)-241(the)-240(effect)-241(of)-240(an)-241(excited)-240(imagination,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-346(in)-345(some)-346(cases)-345(to)-346(imposture.)-536(In)-346(considering)-345(this)-346(subject,)-369(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-310(not)-309(necessary)-310(to)-309(examine)-309(whether)-310(the)-309(phenomena)-310(alleged)-309(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(spiritualists,)-229(if)-224(true,)-229(would)-224(be)-224(really)-224(supernatural,)-230(or)-223(belong)-224(to)-224(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-250(of)-250(nature)-250(hitherto)-250(unknown.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1345 0 obj << +/Length 4610 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(289)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -252.311 -30.759 Td [(Many)-772(of)-773(the)-772(manifestations)-773(of)-772(spiritualism)-773(possess)-772(a)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(grotesqueness)-406(which)-407(we)-406(see)-406(in)-407(no)-406(other)-406(class)-407(of)-406(natural)-406(phe-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nomena.)-662(If)-388(they)-387(are)-388(alleged)-387(to)-388(be)-387(the)-388(results)-387(of)-388(the)-387(action)-387(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(natural)-329(forces)-328(previously)-329(unknown,)-348(then)-329(they)-329(must)-328(belong)-329(to)-328(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(class)-279(of)-278(forces)-279(which)-279(contrast)-278(in)-279(a)-279(most)-278(remarkable)-279(degree)-278(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-214(known)-214(ones;)-226(that)-214(is)-215(to)-214(say,)-221(the)-214(known)-214(and)-214(the)-214(unknown)-214(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-379(nature)-378(must)-379(be)-379(utterly)-378(out)-379(of)-379(harmony)-378(with)-379(one)-379(another.)-635(I)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(am)-262(now)-262(speaking)-261(on)-262(the)-262(supposition)-261(that)-262(such)-262(forces)-262(are)-261(merely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(natural)-441(ones,)-488(not)-441(under)-441(the)-440(guidance)-441(of)-441(intelligence.)-822(In)-440(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(case)-346(they)-346(must)-347(have)-346(been)-346(always)-346(in)-347(existence,)-370(only)-346(latent;)-394(yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-290(now)-289(for)-290(the)-289(first)-290(time)-289(manifest)-290(themselves)-289(under)-290(very)-289(spe-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cial)-254(circumstances)-255(and)-254(conditions,)-255(such)-255(as)-254(are)-254(highly)-254(favourable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-377(the)-377(existence)-377(of)-377(delusion.)-631(The)-377(abnormal)-377(character)-377(of)-377(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phenomena,)-506(so)-455(entirely)-455(at)-455(variance)-455(with)-455(the)-455(known)-455(order)-455(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(nature,)-371(forms)-347(the)-346(strongest)-347(ground)-347(for)-346(the)-347(conviction)-347(that)-346(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cannot)-376(be)-376(the)-375(results)-376(of)-376(the)-375(action)-376(of)-376(unknown)-376(natural)-375(forces.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-347(would)-346(require)-347(an)-346(overwhelming)-346(amount)-347(of)-346(evidence)-347(to)-346(con-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vince)-275(us)-275(that)-275(these)-275(two)-275(sets)-275(of)-274(natural)-275(forces,)-282(distinguishable)-274(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-348(strongest)-348(possible)-348(contrasts,)-373(\050viz.)-544(those)-348(which)-348(produce)-348(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(visible)-328(phenomena)-329(of)-328(nature,)-348(and)-328(those)-329(which)-328(produce)-328(another)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class,)-431(intermittent)-394(in)-394(their)-395(action,)-430(of)-395(which)-394(grotesqueness)-394(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monstrosity)-213(are)-212(the)-213(most)-213(striking)-212(characteristics,)-220(and)-213(which)-425(only)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([329])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(manifest)-231(their)-232(existence)-231(under)-231(circumstances)-232(calculated)-231(to)-231(throw)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-334(suspicion)-335(on)-334(their)-335(reality\051,)-355(can)-335(be)-334(the)-335(results)-334(of)-335(the)-334(action)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(forces)-250(which)-250(have)-250(been)-250(present)-250(in)-250(nature)-250(during)-250(all)-250(past)-250(time.)]TJ 11.956 -18.458 Td [(But)-344(further:)-440(these)-344(phenomena,)-368(if)-345(natural,)-368(must)-344(belong)-345(to)-344(an)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(order)-369(of)-369(nature)-369(which)-369(is)-369(not)-369(only)-369(unlike)-369(the)-369(visible)-369(order,)-398(but)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(would)-341(throw)-340(its)-341(action)-341(into)-341(confusion.)-522(I)-340(am)-341(here)-341(reasoning)-340(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-264(supposition)-265(that)-264(the)-264(moral)-264(order)-265(of)-264(the)-264(universe)-265(is)-264(due)-264(to)-264(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action)-282(of)-281(nothing)-281(but)-282(physical)-281(forces.)-345(If)-281(this)-282(be)-281(so,)-290(it)-281(must)-281(form)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-321(portion)-321(of)-321(the)-321(existing)-321(order)-321(of)-321(nature.)-463(But)-321(the)-321(forces)-321(which,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-318(the)-318(supposition)-318(of)-318(the)-318(truth)-318(of)-318(spiritualism,)-335(must)-318(be)-318(capable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-317(being)-316(brought)-317(into)-316(activity,)-333(would)-317(interrupt)-316(that)-317(moral)-316(order)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-288(which)-289(we)-288(are)-289(actually)-288(conscious.)-366(Their)-288(action,)-298(if)-288(real,)-298(would)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1349 0 obj << +/Length 4679 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(290)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(interrupt)-355(the)-354(entire)-355(course)-355(of)-355(the)-354(moral)-355(world.)-564(No)-355(man)-354(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-304(safe)-304(from)-304(their)-304(intrusion.)-411(Even)-304(in)-304(our)-304(deepest)-304(retirement)-303(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-276(never)-275(be)-276(free)-276(from)-275(the)-276(invasion)-276(of)-275(their)-276(prying)-275(curiosity.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Such)-384(a)-384(power)-384(would)-384(be)-384(incompatible)-384(with)-384(the)-384(moral)-384(order)-383(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(society.)-462(It)-321(follows,)-338(therefore,)-339(that)-321(an)-320(unknown)-321(order)-321(of)-320(nature,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presenting)-389(the)-388(most)-389(violent)-388(contrast)-389(to)-388(the)-389(visible)-388(one,)-423(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phenomena)-300(do)-300(not)-300(follow)-300(an)-300(invariable)-300(but)-300(an)-300(intermittent)-299(law,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-410(are)-411(only)-410(alleged)-411(to)-410(manifest)-411(themselves)-410(under)-410(conditions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(favourable)-238(to)-238(imposture,)-241(possesses)-238(such)-239(a)-238(degree)-238(of)-238(inherent)-238(im-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(probability)-191(as)-191(to)-191(justify)-191(its)-191(rejection,)-203(even)-191(by)-191(those)-190(who)-191(recognise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(action)-250(of)-250(none)-250(but)-250(material)-250(forces)-250(in)-250(the)-250(universe.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-436(to)-435(those)-436(who)-435(recognise)-436(the)-435(present)-436(order)-435(of)-436(nature)-435(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(due)-354(to)-354(the)-355(action)-354(of)-354(a)-354(wise)-355(and)-354(intelligent)-354(Creator,)-380(it)-354(becomes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(absolutely)-279(incredible)-278(that)-279(forces)-278(such)-279(as)-279(the)-278(phenomena)-279(of)-278(spir-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(itualism)-308(require)-307(for)-308(their)-307(production,)-322(can)-307(form)-308(a)-307(portion)-308(of)-307(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(order)-237(which)-237(He)-474(has)-236(created,)-240(as)-237(they)-237(contradict)-237(every)-236(conception)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([330])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(we)-250(can)-250(rationally)-250(form)-250(of)-250(his)-250(character.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-386(if)-386(these)-386(phenomena)-385(are)-386(viewed)-386(as)-386(due)-386(to)-386(the)-386(action)-385(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(supernatural)-233(agency,)-237(the)-234(reality)-233(of)-233(their)-234(occurrence)-233(becomes)-233(still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-279(inconceivable.)-336(If)-278(such)-279(agency)-279(is)-278(capable)-279(of)-279(being)-278(exerted,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-309(can)-309(only)-308(conceive)-309(that)-309(its)-309(exertion)-308(is)-309(permitted)-309(for)-309(the)-308(real-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ization)-301(of)-301(some)-301(known)-301(end.)-403(Yet)-301(the)-301(phenomena)-301(of)-300(spiritualism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(serve)-259(no)-259(purpose)-259(whatever.)-277(Spiritualists)-259(have)-259(been)-259(holding)-258(their)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(s\351ances)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.9 0 Td [(for)-272(many)-273(years;)-284(but)-272(no)-273(one)-272(practical)-273(result)-272(has)-272(yet)-273(been)]TJ -36.9 -13.549 Td [(realized)-255(by)-256(them.)-265(The)-256(spirits)-255(of)-255(the)-256(departed)-255(have)-255(been)-255(invoked,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-263(they)-264(have)-263(never)-263(yet)-264(given)-263(a)-263(single)-264(useful)-263(response.)-290(Surely)-263(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-280(be)-281(a)-280(spirit)-281(world,)-288(its)-280(occupations)-280(cannot)-281(be)-280(the)-280(production)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-322(the)-322(abnormal,)-340(the)-323(mean)-322(and)-322(the)-322(grotesque.)-466(Its)-322(employments)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-470(possess)-470(some)-470(pretensions)-469(to)-470(be)-470(esteemed)-470(dignified.)-909(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-346(been)-347(alleged)-346(that)-347(such)-346(manifestations)-346(help)-347(to)-346(convince)-346(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incredulous)-410(of)-410(the)-410(reality)-411(of)-410(the)-410(immortality)-410(of)-410(man.)-730(On)-410(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contrary,)-424(t)1(he)-389(idea)-389(that)-389(spirits)-389(can)-388(be)-389(guilty)-389(of)-389(such)-388(phantastic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tricks)-221(can)-221(only)-221(help)-221(to)-221(throw)-221(discredit)-220(on)-221(the)-221(doctrine.)-241(It)-220(follows,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(therefore,)-409(that)-377(if)-377(the)-377(phenomena)-377(of)-377(spiritualism)-377(are)-376(viewed)-377(as)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1353 0 obj << +/Length 4446 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(291)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(due)-286(to)-286(supernatural)-286(causes,)-294(it)-286(is)-286(utterly)-286(incredible)-286(either)-286(that)-285(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Governor)-270(of)-271(the)-270(Universe)-270(would)-270(permit)-270(such)-271(a)-270(course)-270(of)-270(action,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-312(that)-312(the)-312(spirits)-312(themselves,)-327(unless)-312(deprived)-312(of)-312(reason,)-327(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exhibit)-259(themselves)-258(in)-259(such)-259(a)-259(variety)-258(of)-259(phantastic)-259(forms,)-261(and)-258(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(no)-284(other)-285(apparent)-284(purpose)-284(than)-284(to)-284(effect)-285(a)-284(number)-284(of)-284(capricious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interferences)-303(with)-304(the)-303(visible)-304(order)-303(of)-304(nature.)-410(This)-303(incredibility)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-329(so)-330(great)-329(as)-330(to)-329(entitle)-330(us)-329(summarily)-329(to)-330(reject)-329(the)-330(idea)-329(that)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reputed)-398(phenomena)-398(can)-398(be)-399(actual)-398(occurrences.)-694(In)-398(addition)-398(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this,)-424(the)-389(alleged)-389(manifestations)-389(are)-389(made)-389(under)-388(circumstances)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pre-eminently)-250(suited)-250(to)-250(excite)-250(suspicion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([331])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -15.185 Td [(The)-308(phenomena)-308(of)-309(modern)-308(spiritualism)-308(are)-308(a)-308(fair)-309(ill)1(ustration)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(of)-415(the)-414(general)-415(character)-415(of)-415(the)-414(current)-415(supernaturalism)-415(of)-414(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-387(world.)-662(It)-387(was)-387(for)-387(the)-387(most)-387(part)-387(equally)-387(senseless)-387(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(absurd.)-634(The)-378(attestation)-378(to)-378(its)-378(actual)-378(occurrence)-378(was)-378(of)-378(a)-378(very)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inferior)-390(character)-390(to)-389(that)-390(which)-390(can)-390(be)-389(urged)-390(in)-390(favour)-390(of)-389(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alleged)-262(facts)-262(of)-263(spiritualism.)-286(I)-262(have)-263(merely)-262(taken)-262(notice)-262(of)-262(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(latter)-340(as)-339(an)-340(illustration)-340(of)-339(the)-340(general)-340(aspect)-339(of)-340(the)-339(phenomena)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-281(current)-281(supernaturalism,)-289(and)-281(as)-281(placing)-281(before)-281(us)-281(the)-280(reasons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-354(fully)-354(justify)-354(us)-353(in)-354(rejecting)-354(a)-354(large)-354(portion)-354(of)-354(it)-353(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(minutely)-250(inquiring)-250(into)-250(its)-250(evidence.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-474(will)-475(now)-474(proceed)-475(to)-474(contrast)-475(the)-474(entire)-475(mass)-474(of)-474(current)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(supernaturalism)-272(with)-273(the)-272(miracles)-273(of)-272(the)-272(New)-273(Testament)-272(for)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purpose)-189(of)-190(still)-189(further)-190(illustrating)-189(the)-190(grounds)-189(on)-190(which)-189(we)-189(reject)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it,)-327(while)-312(we)-311(claim)-312(for)-312(the)-311(latter)-312(that)-312(their)-311(reality)-312(must)-312(be)-311(tested)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-309(the)-309(evidence)-309(which)-309(can)-309(be)-309(adduced)-309(in)-309(favour)-309(of)-309(their)-308(actual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occurrence.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(Let)-330(me)-331(again)-330(draw)-330(attention)-331(to)-330(the)-330(fact)-331(that)-330(the)-330(only)-330(correct)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(conception)-335(of)-334(a)-335(miracle)-335(in)-335(connection)-334(with)-335(this)-335(controversy,)-355(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-258(of)-258(an)-259(event)-258(wrought)-258(in)-258(external)-259(nature)-258(with)-258(a)-258(definite)-258(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aim)-283(and)-282(purpose.)-348(Extraordinary)-283(events,)-291(to)-282(which)-283(no)-283(such)-282(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aim)-308(and)-308(purpose)-308(can)-308(be)-308(assigned,)-322(may)-308(be)-308(unusual)-308(occurrences,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-459(are)-459(in)-459(no)-459(proper)-459(sense)-459(of)-459(the)-459(words)-459(evidential)-459(miracles.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(An)-281(isolated)-281(occurrence)-282(of)-281(an)-281(extraordinary)-281(nature,)-289(and)-281(an)-281(event)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(marked)-305(with)-305(a)-305(definite)-304(moral)-305(purpose,)-319(are)-305(two)-305(wholly)-304(different)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1358 0 obj << +/Length 4773 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(292)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(things.)-237(The)-211(one)-211(may)-212(be)-211(credible,)-219(and)-211(the)-211(other)-211(wholly)-211(incredible.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(We)-365(habitually)-364(recognise)-365(the)-365(distinction)-364(in)-365(ordinary)-365(life,)-393(and)-364(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entirely)-281(affects)-280(our)-281(judgment)-281(of)-281(the)-280(probability)-281(of)-281(an)-280(event.)-342(We)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(esteem)-256(the)-257(action)-256(of)-257(a)-256(particular)-257(person)-256(quite)-257(credible)-256(under)-256(one)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(set)-251(of)-251(circumstances,)-251(which)-251(we)-251(should)-251(reject)-251(as)-251(incredible)-250(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another.)-649(Thus)-766(if)-383(we)-383(were)-383(informed)-383(that)-383(a)-383(friend)-383(with)-383(whom)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([332])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(we)-301(were)-302(intimately)-301(acquainted,)-315(had)-301(precipitated)-302(himself)-301(from)-301(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(height)-316(into)-315(the)-316(water,)-331(supposing)-316(him)-316(to)-315(be)-316(sane,)-331(we)-316(should)-315(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believe)-319(it.)-457(But)-318(if)-319(we)-319(received)-319(the)-319(information)-319(that)-319(he)-319(had)-318(done)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(it)-326(to)-326(save)-326(a)-326(person)-326(from)-326(drowning,)-345(and)-326(we)-326(knew)-326(that)-326(he)-326(was)-326(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-308(of)-307(courage,)-322(we)-308(should)-307(accept)-308(the)-308(fact)-307(without)-308(the)-307(smallest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hesitation.)-600(On)-366(this)-367(account,)-396(therefore,)-395(the)-367(moral)-366(aspect)-367(of)-366(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alleged)-304(miracl)1(e)-304(is)-303(of)-304(the)-303(utmost)-304(importance;)-330(and)-304(it)-303(is)-303(necessary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-258(its)-258(correct)-258(conception)-259(that)-258(it)-258(should)-258(not)-258(only)-258(be)-258(an)-258(extraordi-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(nary)-302(occurrence)-303(in)-302(external)-302(nature,)-316(but)-302(that)-302(it)-303(should)-302(take)-302(place)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-222(the)-222(bidding)-222(of)-221(another,)-228(and)-222(in)-222(order)-222(to)-221(render)-222(it)-222(credible,)-228(that)-221(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-250(be)-250(calculated)-250(to)-250(effectuate)-250(some)-250(definite)-250(moral)-250(purpose.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Alleged)-317(supernatural)-317(events,)-333(which)-317(are)-317(destitute)-317(of)-317(these)-316(ac-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(companiments,)-218(are)-209(always)-210(liable)-209(to)-210(a)-209(very)-210(high)-209(degree)-209(of)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 247.429 0 Td [(\340)-209(priori)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -247.429 -13.549 Td [(suspicion.)-246(In)-238(fact)-239(it)-238(would)-238(be)-238(difficult)-238(to)-239(prove)-238(them)-238(to)-238(be)-238(super-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(natural.)-241(All)-224(that)-224(could)-224(be)-224(affirmed)-224(respecting)-224(them)-224(would)-224(be)-223(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-275(were)-275(very)-274(unusual)-275(occurrences,)-281(which)-275(it)-275(was)-275(impossible)-274(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(account)-362(for)-362(by)-361(the)-362(action)-362(of)-362(any)-362(known)-361(force.)-586(If)-362(the)-361(universe)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-401(under)-401(the)-400(government)-401(of)-401(God,)-438(all)-401(supernatural)-401(action)-400(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(either)-264(be)-263(the)-264(result)-263(of)-264(Hi)1(s)-264(agency)-263(or)-264(permission.)-290(If)-264(He)-263(interferes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-248(the)-248(order)-248(of)-248(occurrences,)-249(it)-248(is)-248(evident)-248(that)-248(such)-248(interference)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cannot)-301(be)-300(capricious,)-313(but)-301(must)-300(have)-301(a)-301(definite)-300(purpose.)-402(We)-300(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(justified,)-374(therefore,)-374(in)-349(refusing)-350(to)-349(accept)-349(occurrences)-349(as)-349(super-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(natural,)-275(which)-270(are)-270(destitute)-269(of)-270(all)-270(appearance)-270(of)-270(purpose)-270(in)-269(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(performance.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-344(further:)-437(the)-344(alleged)-343(miracle)-344(must)-344(be)-343(consistent)-344(with)-343(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(character)-343(of)-344(God,)-367(before)-343(it)-344(is)-343(possible)-343(to)-344(attribute)-343(it)-344(to)-343(Him)-343(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wrought)-308(by)-309(His)-308(direct)-309(agency.)-425(This)-308(rests)-308(on)-309(the)-308(same)-308(principle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-344(which)-344(we)-345(refuse)-344(to)-688(credit)-345(the)-344(reports)-344(of)-344(actions)-344(performed)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([333])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1363 0 obj << +/Length 4735 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(293)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(by)-294(men)-294(which)-295(are)-294(contradictory)-294(to)-294(their)-294(well)-294(known)-294(characters.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-266(this)-267(is)-266(far)-266(more)-267(certain)-266(with)-266(respect)-267(to)-266(God)-266(than)-267(it)-266(can)-266(be)-266(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man.)-517(Human)-340(characters)-339(can)-339(at)-339(best)-339(be)-339(but)-339(imperfectly)-339(known,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-223(there)-223(are)-223(unseen)-223(depths)-223(in)-223(the)-223(human)-223(heart)-223(which)-222(sometimes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(render)-359(actions)-358(possible,)-386(which)-359(stand)-358(in)-359(striking)-358(contrast)-359(to)-358(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(general)-323(character)-324(of)-323(the)-323(agents.)-470(To)-324(state)-323(the)-323(truth)-324(generally,)-341(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-424(is)-425(impossible)-424(that)-424(man)-425(can)-424(act)-424(in)-425(opposition)-424(to)-424(the)-424(inmost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(principles)-439(of)-438(his)-439(moral)-439(being,)-486(so)-438(in)-439(a)-439(far)-438(higher)-439(degree)-439(is)-438(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impossible)-285(that)-284(God)-285(can)-284(contradict)-285(the)-285(perfections)-284(of)-285(His)-284(moral)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(nature.)-622(This)-374(being)-375(so,)-405(it)-374(follows)-374(that)-374(we)-374(are)-374(entitled)-374(to)-374(reject)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-389(miracles)-389(alleged)-389(to)-389(have)-389(been)-389(wrought)-389(by)-389(God,)-423(which)-389(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contrary)-407(to)-407(His)-407(moral)-408(attributes;)-485(all)-407(which)-408(are)-407(low,)-446(mean,)-446(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grotesque,)-250(and)-250(unfitted)-250(to)-250(realize)-250(an)-250(elevated)-250(moral)-250(purpose.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(It)-277(will)-276(here)-277(be)-276(objected)-277(that)-277(if)-276(these)-277(positions)-277(are)-276(true,)-283(demo-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(niacal)-298(miracles)-298(are)-298(rendered)-299(impossible.)-394(I)-298(have)-298(already)-298(pointed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(out)-371(that)-371(if)-371(demoniacal)-371(supernaturalism)-371(is)-371(affirmed)-371(in)-371(the)-371(New)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Testament)-421(to)-422(be)-421(an)-421(actuality,)-464(its)-421(action)-422(is)-421(described)-421(as)-421(being)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(limited)-268(to)-269(the)-268(human)-269(mind,)-273(and)-268(that)-269(whatever)-268(permitted)-268(activity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-416(conceded)-416(to)-415(it,)-458(always)-415(bears)-416(the)-416(most)-416(distinctive)-416(marks)-415(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-211(from)-210(beneath.)-237(There)-211(is)-210(no)-211(possibility)-210(of)-211(mistaking)-210(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-250(supernatural)-250(occurrences)-250(and)-250(the)-250(miracles)-250(of)-250(God.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Such)-342(then)-341(are)-342(our)-342(general)-341(principles,)-365(the)-342(truth)-341(of)-342(which)-341(can)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(hardly)-337(be)-336(contested.)-510(If)-337(they)-337(are)-336(true,)-359(the)-336(great)-337(mass)-337(of)-336(current)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supernaturalism)-247(is)-248(worthy)-247(of)-247(rejection)-248(for)-247(the)-247(following)-247(reasons.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(1.)-254(While)-252(it)-251(claims)-252(to)-251(be)-251(the)-252(result)-251(of)-252(supernatural)-251(agency,)-252(it)-251(is)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(destitute)-214(of)-213(all)-214(definite)-214(moral)-214(purpose,)-221(and)-213(such)-214(moral)-214(impress)-213(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-199(bears)-200(is)-199(mean)-200(and)-199(degraded.)-233(What)-200(end,)-209(I)-200(ask,)-209(was)-200(it)-199(designed)-199(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(serve?)-234(It)-201(involved)-201(an)-201(almost)-201(continual)-201(interference)-201(with)-200(the)-201(order)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-432(nature;)-227(or)-216(if)-216(at)-216(times)-216(it)-215(claimed)-216(to)-216(be)-216(due)-216(to)-216(occult)-216(forces,)-222(they)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([334])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(were)-337(only)-337(suited)-336(to)-337(confound)-337(the)-336(visible)-337(order)-337(of)-337(the)-336(universe.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(I)-287(am)-288(reasoning)-287(on)-288(the)-287(supposition)-288(that)-287(there)-288(is)-287(a)-288(God)-287(who)-287(rules)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-258(world.)-274(This)-258(being)-258(so,)-260(it)-258(is)-258(impossible)-258(to)-258(conceive)-258(that)-258(such)-258(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mode)-308(of)-309(acting)-308(can)-309(be)-308(His.)-426(Under)-308(this)-309(head)-308(of)-308(supernaturalism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fall)-290(all)-290(the)-290(monstrous)-291(and)-290(the)-290(grotesque,)-300(and)-290(the)-290(entire)-290(range)-290(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1367 0 obj << +/Length 4461 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(294)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(magical)-250(phenomena.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(2.)-817(The)-438(whole)-439(range)-439(of)-439(ancient)-439(supernaturalism)-439(is)-439(in)-438(con-)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(tradiction)-433(to)-433(everything)-433(which)-433(we)-433(can)-433(conceive)-433(of)-433(the)-432(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character)-327(of)-327(God.)-481(Let)-327(us)-327(take)-327(as)-327(an)-327(illustration)-327(the)-327(phenomena)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-237(Soothsaying.)-246(Who)-237(can)-238(believe)-237(that)-237(God)-238(employed)-237(the)-237(entrails)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-357(slaughtered)-357(beasts)-358(as)-357(the)-357(means)-357(of)-357(revealing)-358(the)-357(future?)-571(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-456(it)-456(was)-456(consistent)-456(with)-456(his)-456(character)-456(to)-456(manifest)-456(his)-455(will)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(through)-253(a)-253(multitude)-253(of)-253(monstrous)-253(portents?)-259(There)-253(is)-253(perhaps)-252(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-355(single)-355(occurrence)-356(of)-355(ancient)-355(supernaturalism)-355(which)-355(does)-355(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(offend)-334(against)-335(our)-334(primary)-335(conception)-334(of)-335(the)-334(Divine)-334(character;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and,)-250(therefore,)-250(the)-250(whole)-250(is)-250(worthy)-250(of)-250(summary)-250(rejection.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(3.)-794(Ancient)-432(supernaturalism)-431(assigned)-431(its)-432(occurrences)-431(to)-431(no)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(cause)-279(adequate)-278(to)-279(produce)-278(them.)-335(Those)-279(who)-278(asserted)-279(its)-278(reality,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(referred)-384(it)-384(to)-384(the)-384(action)-384(of)-384(deities)-384(who)-384(possessed)-384(very)-383(limited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power,)-404(or)-373(to)-373(occult)-373(powers)-373(in)-373(nature.)-619(Such)-373(occult)-373(powers)-373(we)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(now)-285(know)-285(to)-285(have)-286(no)-285(existence,)-294(and)-285(the)-285(power)-285(attributed)-285(to)-285(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supposed)-295(deities)-295(was)-295(far)-295(too)-295(limited)-295(to)-295(be)-295(capable)-295(of)-295(producing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-309(results)-310(in)-309(question.)-429(All)-309(reputed)-310(events,)-324(the)-310(alleged)-309(cause)-309(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-204(is)-205(unable)-204(to)-204(produce)-205(them,)-213(we)-204(are)-205(entitled)-204(to)-204(reject)-204(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(further)-250(investigation.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(4.)-635(A)-378(large)-378(amount)-378(of)-379(ancient)-378(supernaturalism)-378(rested)-378(on)-378(no)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(evidence)-198(whatever.)-233(Of)-197(those)-198(portions)-198(for)-198(which)-198(any)-198(reasons)-197(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alleged,)-343(the)-324(evidence)-324(itself)-324(was)-324(of)-324(a)-324(character)-324(exactly)-324(suited)-324(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discredit)-336(it.)-508(Of)-336(this)-336(kind)-336(was)-336(the)-336(whole)-336(of)-336(the)-336(supernaturalism)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(connected)-629(with)-315(the)-315(state)-314(religions.)-444(These)-315(were)-315(in)-314(the)-315(hands)-314(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([335])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(men)-262(who)-262(used)-262(them)-262(for)-261(the)-262(purpose)-262(of)-262(acting)-262(on)-262(the)-262(vulgar,)-264(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-309(therefore)-308(readily)-308(accepted)-309(the)-308(report)-309(of)-308(anything,)-323(however)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incredible,)-285(which)-278(could)-278(subserve)-277(their)-278(end.)-334(Other)-278(portions)-277(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(palpable)-272(impostures)-273(worked)-272(for)-272(the)-272(basest)-273(and)-272(most)-272(selfish)-272(pur-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(poses.)-259(A)-254(very)-253(brief)-253(acquaintance)-253(with)-253(the)-253(nature)-253(of)-253(the)-253(evidence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-278(which)-278(it)-278(rests)-278(is)-278(sufficient)-278(to)-278(justify)-278(us)-278(in)-278(rejecting)-278(it)-277(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entering)-250(on)-250(any)-250(inquiry)-250(as)-250(to)-250(its)-250(details.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(Such)-207(being)-206(the)-207(general)-207(character)-207(of)-206(ancient)-207(supernaturalism,)-215(it)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-218(absurd)-218(to)-219(argue)-218(that)-218(its)-218(existence)-218(is)-219(a)-218(reason)-218(for)-218(rejecting)-218(along)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1371 0 obj << +/Length 4297 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(295)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(with)-219(it)-219(another)-218(order)-219(of)-219(supernaturalism,)-225(which)-219(stands)-218(contrasted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-204(it)-204(in)-204(every)-204(particular.)-235(We)-204(might)-204(as)-204(well)-204(urge)-204(the)-204(existence)-204(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-223(vast)-223(number)-223(of)-224(counterfeits)-223(as)-223(a)-223(reason)-223(for)-223(rejecting)-223(everything)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-283(is)-282(genuine.)-348(We)-282(do)-283(not)-283(reject)-282(it)-283(because)-282(it)-283(is)-282(supernatural,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(but)-251(because)-250(it)-251(is)-250(utterly)-251(incredible.)-252(A)-250(statement)-251(of)-250(a)-251(few)-250(particu-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lars)-291(will)-290(exhibit)-291(the)-291(contrast)-291(between)-290(it)-291(and)-291(the)-290(supernaturalism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)-250(in)-250(a)-250(striking)-250(point)-250(of)-250(view.)]TJ 11.956 -14.367 Td [(1.)-535(Christian)-345(supernaturalism)-345(alleges)-345(that)-345(its)-345(occurrences)-345(are)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(the)-317(result)-318(of)-317(the)-317(action)-318(of)-317(a)-317(force)-318(which,)-334(if)-317(present,)-334(is)-317(certainly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adequate)-343(to)-344(produce)-343(them.)-530(Ancient)-344(supernaturalism)-343(alleges)-343(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cause)-250(whatever,)-250(or)-250(one)-250(wholly)-250(inadequate.)]TJ 11.956 -14.368 Td [(2.)-276(Christian)-259(supernaturalism)-259(alleges)-258(a)-259(perfectly)-259(adequate)-258(pur-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(pose)-288(for)-287(its)-287(production;)-307(that)-287(purpose)-288(being)-287(the)-288(attestation)-287(of)-287(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divine)-312(mission)-313(of)-312(Jesus.)-437(Ancient)-312(supernaturalism)-312(alleges)-312(either)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-250(purpose)-250(at)-250(all,)-250(or)-250(a)-250(degraded)-250(one.)]TJ 11.956 -14.368 Td [(3.)-781(Christian)-427(supernaturalism)-427(is)-427(made)-427(to)-427(centre)-427(around)-427(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(greatest)-415(and)-414(most)-415(exalted)-415(character)-415(that)-414(has)-415(ever)-415(appeared)-414(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(history.)-777(Ancient)-426(supernaturalism,)-470(instead)-426(of)-426(being)-425(connected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-248(the)-248(most)-247(eminent)-248(characters)-496(of)-248(the)-247(times,)-249(directly)-247(connects)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([336])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(itself)-250(with)-250(the)-250(most)-250(questionable.)]TJ 11.956 -14.368 Td [(4.)-737(Christian)-413(supernaturalism)-412(is)-413(stamped)-412(throughout)-413(with)-412(a)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(high)-318(moral)-317(character)-318(and)-318(aspect.)-452(This)-318(is)-318(wholly)-317(wanting)-318(in)-317(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supernaturalism)-250(of)-250(the)-250(ancient)-250(world.)]TJ 11.956 -14.368 Td [(5.)-281(Christian)-261(supernaturalism)-260(belongs)-261(to)-260(an)-261(elevated)-260(order)-260(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(type;)-233(the)-225(objects)-224(realized)-225(by)-225(it)-224(were)-225(for)-225(the)-224(most)-225(part)-224(benevolent.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-351(mode)-351(of)-350(its)-351(action)-351(was)-350(dignified)-351(and)-351(the)-351(effects)-350(produced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-324(it)-323(were)-324(instantaneous,)-342(following)-324(directly)-324(on)-323(the)-324(word)-324(of)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(agent.)-412(The)-304(mode)-304(in)-304(which)-304(its)-304(miracles)-304(were)-304(performed)-304(is)-303(char-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(acterized)-402(by)-402(the)-402(utmost)-402(simplicity,)-440(destitute)-402(alike)-402(of)-401(anything)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scenic)-299(or)-299(fantastic,)-311(entirely)-299(in)-299(harmony)-299(with)-299(the)-299(great)-299(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-287(performed)-287(them.)-360(The)-287(supernaturalism)-287(of)-287(the)-287(ancient)-286(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-250(marked)-250(by)-250(the)-250(opposite)-250(characteristics.)]TJ 11.956 -14.368 Td [(6.)-923(Christian)-475(supernaturalism,)-531(or)-474(to)-475(speak)-474(more)-474(correctly,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-284(greatest)-284(supernatural)-284(occurrence)-284(which)-284(Christianity)-283(records,)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1375 0 obj << +/Length 4510 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(296)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(namely)-389(the)-388(Resurrection)-389(of)-388(Christ,)-424(has)-388(not)-389(only)-388(left)-389(a)-388(mighty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impression)-334(on)-335(history,)-355(but)-335(has)-334(created)-335(a)-334(civilization)-335(of)-334(its)-334(own)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-407(embraces)-407(all)-407(the)-407(progressive)-407(nations)-406(of)-407(the)-407(world,)-446(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exerts)-202(a)-203(powerful)-202(influence)-202(even)-203(on)-202(those)-202(who)-203(deny)-202(its)-202(truth.)-234(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(only)-278(result)-279(wrought)-278(by)-279(the)-278(supernaturalism)-278(of)-279(the)-278(ancient)-278(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-250(the)-250(moral)-250(degradation)-250(of)-250(those)-250(among)-250(whom)-250(it)-250(prevailed.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(7.)-397(The)-300(supernaturalism)-299(of)-299(Christianity)-299(rests)-299(on)-299(an)-299(attestation)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(which)-420(even)-421(unbelievers)-420(would)-421(allow)-420(to)-420(be)-421(quite)-420(sufficient)-420(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(establish)-341(the)-341(truth)-341(of)-341(any)-340(ordinary)-341(facts.)-523(The)-341(other)-341(rests)-340(either)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-351(no)-351(testimony)-351(at)-351(all,)-376(or)-351(on)-351(one)-351(which)-351(is)-351(open)-351(to)-351(the)-350(gravest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suspicion.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Such)-286(are)-286(some)-286(of)-286(the)-286(striking)-286(contrasts)-286(which)-286(distinguish)-286(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(supernaturalism)-316(of)-315(the)-316(New)-315(Testament)-316(from)-316(that)-315(of)-316(the)-315(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world.)-243(When)-227(two)-228(series)-227(of)-228(events)-228(present)-227(such)-228(opposite)-227(features,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(it)-248(is)-248(the)-248(duty)-248(of)-496(a)-248(sound)-248(philosophy)-248(to)-248(trace)-248(these)-248(distinctions)-248(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([337])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(their)-285(causes,)-293(and)-285(to)-284(show)-285(what)-285(is)-284(the)-285(nature)-285(of)-284(the)-285(forces)-284(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-352(impressed)-352(on)-351(each)-352(series)-352(its)-352(own)-352(peculiar)-351(characteristics.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Instead)-272(of)-272(this,)-277(however,)-277(we)-272(are)-272(invited)-272(to)-272(pronounce)-272(both)-271(alike)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incredible;)-322(that)-298(is)-298(to)-297(say,)-310(because)-298(one)-298(series)-298(of)-298(events)-298(is)-297(deeply)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(impressed)-251(with)-251(characteristics)-252(which)-251(render)-251(them)-251(incredible,)-251(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-297(invited)-297(to)-297(pronounce)-297(a)-297(similar)-297(condemnation)-297(on)-297(another)-297(se-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ries,)-371(which)-347(is)-347(distinguished)-347(by)-347(the)-347(most)-346(opposite)-347(features,)-371(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-285(has)-285(only)-284(this)-285(point)-285(in)-285(common)-285(with)-284(the)-285(former,)-294(that)-284(both)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(belong)-334(to)-334(an)-334(order)-335(of)-334(events)-334(which)-334(we)-334(designate)-334(as)-334(supernatu-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ral.)-453(Nothing)-318(can)-317(be)-318(more)-317(unphilosophical)-318(than)-318(such)-317(a)-318(mode)-317(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reasoning.)-510(We)-336(reject)-337(the)-337(one)-336(series)-337(in)-336(a)-337(mass,)-358(not)-337(because)-336(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(events)-335(which)-335(it)-335(contains)-335(are)-335(supernatural,)-356(but)-335(because)-335(they)-335(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(absolutely)-362(incredible.)-584(A)-362(similar)-362(rule)-361(we)-362(apply)-361(to)-362(ordinary,)-389(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(less)-250(than)-250(supernatural)-250(occurrences.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But)-352(it)-352(will)-352(doubtless)-352(be)-352(objected)-352(that)-352(there)-352(is)-352(another)-351(series)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-490(supernatural)-490(occurrences)-491(which)-490(rational)-490(men,)-550(with)-490(a)-490(few)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(is)-250(insufficient,)-250(but)-250(that)-250(the)-250(event)-250(is)-250(in)-250(itself)-250(incredible.)]TJ 11.956 -14.367 Td [(Fourthly;)-468(That)-396(rational)-395(men)-395(reject)-396(in)-395(a)-396(similar)-395(manner)-395(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(for)-359(similar)-359(reasons)-359(the)-359(great)-359(mass)-359(of)-359(ecclesiastical)-359(miracles)-358(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unworthy)-250(of)-250(serious)-250(inquiry)-250(into)-250(their)-250(attestation.)]TJ 11.956 -14.368 Td [(With)-433(respect)-432(to)-433(the)-433(second)-432(point,)-479(I)-432(have)-433(already)-432(observed)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(that)-362(if)-362(we)-362(view)-362(miracles)-362(merely)-362(as)-362(phenomena)-362(in)-362(external)-361(na-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ture,)-337(and)-319(if)-320(a)-319(similar)-320(belief)-319(in)-320(a)-319(current)-320(supernaturalism,)-336(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-433(have)-432(seen)-433(to)-432(be)-433(one)-433(of)-432(the)-433(phenomena)-432(of)-433(human)-432(nature,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(prevailed)-349(in)-350(the)-349(Church,)-375(it)-349(was)-349(to)-350(be)-349(expected)-350(that)-349(the)-349(current)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forms)-251(of)-251(ecclesiastical)-250(supernaturalism)-251(would)-251(adopt)-251(those)-251(of)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(New)-347(Testament)-346(for)-347(their)-347(basis,)-371(and)-346(consequently)-347(that)-347(it)-346(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abound)-223(in)-223(narratives)-223(of)-224(resurrections)-223(from)-223(the)-223(dead)-223(and)-223(the)-223(cures)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-360(various)-359(diseases.)-579(This)-360(is)-359(actually)-360(the)-360(case.)-579(It)-359(may)-360(also)-359(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(only)-284(excite)-283(our)-284(wonder)-283(that)-284(the)-283(model)-283(was)-284(not)-283(far)-284(more)-283(exactly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(tion)-359(of)-359(modern)-359(miracles,)-386(it)-359(should)-359(be)-359(observed)-359(that)-359(this)-359(is)-358(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(because)-241(all)-242(supernatural)-241(events)-242(are)-241(believed)-241(to)-242(be)-241(incredible;)-244(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(because)-437(the)-436(reputed)-437(events)-436(themselves)-437(possess)-436(characteristics)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-457(excite)-457(in)-456(us)-457(the)-457(gravest)-457(suspicions)-457(of)-456(their)-457(truth;)-560(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(especially)-329(because)-329(by)-328(far)-329(the)-329(greatest)-328(number)-329(of)-329(them)-329(are)-328(well)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(known)-394(not)-394(to)-394(have)-395(originated)-394(in)-394(mere)-394(credulity,)-430(but)-394(in)-394(actual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imposture.)-310(Men)-270(or)-270(communities)-270(who)-270(have)-270(once)-270(lent)-269(themselves)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(facts)-259(are)-259(similar)-260(to)-259(those)-259(recorded)-259(in)-259(the)-260(Gospels.)-277(In)-259(every)-259(other)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1389 0 obj << +/Length 4483 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(299)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(respect)-285(the)-284(contrast)-285(is)-285(complete.)-354(I)-284(shall)-285(only)-285(draw)-284(attention)-285(to)-284(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(few)-327(considerations)-328(which)-327(might)-327(otherwise)-328(escape)-327(the)-327(notice)-327(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(reader.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-424(ecclesiastical)-424(miracles)-423(were)-424(not)-424(wrought)-424(in)-423(attestation)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(that)-209(the)-209(person)-210(working)-209(them)-209(had)-209(a)-209(divine)-210(commission,)-217(but)-209(that)-209(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(divine)-187(power)-186(permanently)-187(abode)-186(in)-187(the)-186(Church.)-229(The)-186(qualification)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(our)-357(Lord.)-572(A)-358(miraculous)-357(power)-357(in)-358(the)-357(shape)-357(of)-358(a)-357(virtue)-357(issued)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-204(the)-205(saint.)-235(Hence)-204(the)-205(supernatural)-204(power)-205(which)-204(was)-204(ascribed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-288(dead)-288(men's)-288(bones)-288(and)-288(to)-288(relics.)-364(Such)-288(a)-288(supernatural)-288(power)-287(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(devoid)-342(of)-341(everything)-342(which)-342(presupposes)-341(a)-342(divine)-342(purpose,)-364(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-253(all)-253(evidential)-253(value.)-259(Its)-253(frequency)-253(would)-253(destroy)-253(the)-253(nature)-252(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-307(miracle)-308(as)-307(an)-308(attestation)-307(of)-307(a)-308(divine)-307(commission,)-322(and)-307(involve)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-377(interference)-377(with)-377(the)-377(order)-377(of)-377(nature,)-409(which)-377(would)-377(destroy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(I)-308(reply)-309(that)-309(this)-308(objection)-309(contains)-308(two)-309(inaccuracies.)-425(First,)-323(it)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-253(not)-253(true)-254(that)-253(the)-253(miracles)-253(of)-254(Jesus)-253(scarcely)-253(attracted)-253(the)-253(notice)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1424 0 obj << +/Length 4721 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(306)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-276(those)-276(among)-276(whom)-275(they)-276(were)-276(performed.)-328(The)-276(only)-275(authority)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-454(this)-453(point)-454(is)-453(the)-454(New)-453(Testament)-454(itself,)-504(and)-454(this)-453(assertion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contradicts)-417(its)-418(express)-417(statements.)-752(Numerous)-417(passages)-417(in)-417(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gospels)-365(directly)-365(affirm)-365(that)-365(the)-365(miracles)-365(of)-365(our)-365(Lord)-365(attracted)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(very)-343(general)-343(attention,)-366(and)-343(produced)-343(a)-343(profound)-342(astonishment;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-217(that)-218(those)-217(who)-217(had)-218(witnessed)-217(them)-217(considered)-218(that)-217(there)-217(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-265(wide)-264(distinction)-265(between)-264(them)-265(and)-264(the)-265(miraculous)-264(pretensions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(then)-309(current.)-426(His)-308(fame)-309(is)-308(represented)-309(as)-309(having)-308(been)-309(spread)-308(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-215(in)-216(regions)-215(beyond)-215(Palestine;)-227(and)-216(great)-215(multitudes)-215(are)-215(stated)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-359(have)-360(collected,)-386(both)-359(for)-360(the)-359(purpose)-359(of)-360(hearing)-359(Him)-359(and)-359(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-271(healed)-271(of)-271(their)-271(diseases.)-313(The)-271(fourth)-271(Gospel)-271(represents)-270(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lord)-236(as)-237(rebuking)-236(the)-236(multitudes,)-239(for)-236(attending)-237(on)-236(Him)-236(for)-236(sordid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purposes.)-845(It)-448(is)-448(quite)-448(true,)-498(that)-448(notwithstanding)-448(the)-448(miracles,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-379(body)-379(of)-379(the)-379(Jewish)-379(nation)-379(ultimately)-379(rejected)-378(Christianity,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(though)-328(the)-327(epistles)-328(bear)-328(witness)-328(that)-327(the)-328(Jewish)-328(element)-327(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-241(attracted)-241(into)-240(the)-241(Christian)-241(Church)-241(was)-241(large.)-247(The)-240(assertion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(therefore,)-297(is)-288(simply)-288(contrary)-287(to)-288(fact,)-297(that)-288(miracles)-288(were)-288(in)-287(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(days)-228(so)-228(common)-227(and)-228(hackneyed)-228(as)-228(to)-227(attract)-228(little)-228(or)-228(no)-227(attention)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(him)-250(who)-250(professed)-250(to)-250(work)-250(them.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(Equally)-299(inaccurate)-299(is)-298(the)-299(assertion)-299(that)-299(the)-299(evidence)-299(of)-298(mira-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(cles)-194(as)-195(the)-194(attestation)-195(to)-194(a)-195(revelation)-194(was)-195(a)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 184.205 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(hackneyed)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 46.647 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.965 0 Td [(one.)-232(The)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -315.416 0 Td [([349])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Old)-348(Testament)-348(professed)-348(to)-347(rest)-348(on)-348(miraculous)-348(evidence.)-543(This)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(being)-257(the)-258(case,)-259(the)-257(Jews)-258(were)-257(fully)-258(entitled)-257(to)-257(expect)-258(that)-257(if)-257(God)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)-308(a)-307(further)-308(revelation)-307(of)-308(His)-308(will,)-322(it)-307(would)-308(be)-307(accompanied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-224(a)-223(miraculous)-224(attestation.)-241(But)-224(Judaism)-223(was)-224(the)-223(only)-224(religion)-223(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-223(ancient)-223(world)-223(which)-223(professed)-223(to)-223(be)-223(founded)-223(on)-223(the)-223(evidence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-290(miracles.)-370(A)-290(belief)-290(in)-290(a)-290(current)-290(supernaturalism)-290(was)-290(no)-289(doubt)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mixed)-372(up)-373(with)-372(the)-373(ancient)-372(religions,)-403(but)-372(its)-373(wonders)-372(were)-372(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alleged)-299(to)-298(have)-299(been)-298(wrought)-299(in)-299(attestation)-298(of)-299(the)-298(fact)-299(that)-298(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-431(revelations,)-476(nor)-431(even)-431(as)-430(attestations)-431(to)-431(their)-431(truth.)-792(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion)-324(of)-323(the)-324(Greeks)-324(possessed)-323(both)-324(priests)-323(and)-324(prophets;)-360(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-365(performed)-365(no)-365(miracles)-364(in)-365(attestation)-365(of)-365(a)-365(divine)-364(commis-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sion.)-480(The)-327(only)-327(attestation)-326(of)-327(this)-327(kind)-326(which)-327(they)-327(claimed)-326(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-290(utterance)-290(of)-291(obscure)-290(or)-290(mendacious)-290(oracles.)-371(I)-290(am)-290(not)-290(aware)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1428 0 obj << +/Length 4846 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(307)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(that)-380(anyone)-379(who)-380(pretended)-379(to)-380(be)-379(a)-379(revealer)-380(of)-379(the)-380(divine)-379(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-316(ancient)-315(times)-316(ever)-315(professed)-316(to)-316(perform)-315(visible)-316(and)-315(palpable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles)-276(in)-276(proof)-276(of)-276(his)-275(assertions.)-328(Similar)-276(is)-276(the)-276(position)-276(of)-275(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-207(religions)-208(which)-207(still)-207(exist)-207(in)-208(the)-207(modern)-207(world.)-236(Many)-207(of)-207(them)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(abound)-389(in)-390(stories)-389(of)-390(the)-389(most)-389(fantastic)-390(manifestations)-389(of)-389(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gods)-332(in)-331(ancient)-332(times.)-495(Their)-331(votaries)-332(believe)-332(in)-331(the)-332(efficacy)-331(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(magic,)-305(charms,)-305(and)-294(incantations.)-382(But)-294(none)-294(of)-294(these)-294(things)-293(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-384(affirmed)-384(to)-384(have)-384(been)-384(wrought)-384(in)-384(attestation)-384(of)-384(a)-384(divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commission.)-234(Mahometanism)-201(claims,)-211(in)-202(the)-201(strictest)-202(sense,)-211(to)-201(be)-201(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(divine)-205(revelation;)-220(yet)-205(the)-205(Koran)-205(even)-205(offers)-205(apologies)-205(for)-205(the)-204(fact)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-233(its)-232(founder)-233(wrought)-233(no)-232(miracles)-233(in)-233(attestation)-232(of)-233(his)-233(claim)-232(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-284(a)-285(divine)-284(messenger.)-353(So)-284(far)-285(therefore)-284(is)-284(it)-285(from)-284(being)-284(the)-284(fact)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-260(miracles)-260(are)-260(so)-260(generally)-260(alleged)-260(by)-260(religions)-260(in)-259(vindication)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-231(their)-230(claim)-231(to)-231(be)-230(revelations,)-235(that)-230(Judaism)-231(and)-231(Christianity)-230(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(absolutely)-271(unique)-272(in)-271(this)-272(respect.)-314(The)-271(idea)-271(of)-272(working)-271(a)-271(miracle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-412(attestation)-413(of)-412(a)-413(divine)-412(commission)-412(is)-413(so)-412(far)-412(from)-825(being)-412(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([350])]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(hackneyed)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 46.647 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(one,)-250(that)-250(it)-250(has)-250(the)-250(strongest)-250(claims)-250(to)-250(originality.)]TJ -47.106 -16.004 Td [(2.)-261(It)-254(is)-253(urged)-254(by)-254(the)-253(same)-254(writer)-254(that)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 161.023 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(every)-254(marvel)-253(and)-254(every)]TJ -177.823 -13.549 Td [(narrative)-272(of)-273(supernatural)-272(interference)-272(seemed)-273(a)-272(matter)-272(of)-272(course)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-237(the)-238(superstitious)-237(credulity)-238(of)-237(the)-238(age.)-246(However)-237(much)-237(miracles)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(are)-310(the)-310(exception)-310(to)-311(the)-310(order)-310(of)-310(nature,)-325(they)-310(have)-310(always)-310(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-312(rule)-312(in)-312(the)-312(history)-313(of)-312(ignorance.)-436(In)-312(fact)-312(the)-312(excess)-312(of)-312(belief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-335(them)-334(throughout)-335(many)-334(centuries)-335(of)-335(darkness,)-355(is)-335(almost)-334(fatal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-438(their)-438(claims)-438(to)-438(credence)-438(now.)-814(They)-438(have)-438(been)-438(limited)-438(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(periods)-299(of)-299(ignorance)-298(and)-299(superstition,)-311(and)-299(are)-299(unknown)-299(to)-298(ages)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-380(enlightenment.)-642(The)-380(Christian)-380(miracles)-381(are)-380(rendered)-380(almost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-309(suspicious)-308(from)-309(their)-309(place)-308(in)-309(a)-309(long)-308(series)-309(of)-309(similar)-308(occur-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rences,)-451(as)-411(they)-410(are)-411(by)-411(their)-411(being)-410(exceptions)-411(to)-411(the)-410(sequence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-397(natural)-397(phenomena.)-692(It)-397(would)-398(be)-397(extraordinary)-397(if)-397(cycles)-397(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles)-371(occurring)-371(before)-371(and)-371(since)-371(those)-371(of)-371(the)-371(Gospels,)-401(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-260(connection)-260(with)-259(every)-260(religion,)-262(could)-260(be)-260(repudiated)-260(as)-259(fables,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-250(these)-250(alone)-250(maintained)-250(as)-250(genuine.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 170.269 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -158.313 -16.004 Td [(The)-386(principles)-385(which)-386(I)-385(have)-386(laid)-386(down)-385(in)-386(a)-386(former)-385(chapter)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(fully)-410(meet)-410(the)-411(chief)-410(points)-410(raised)-410(in)-411(these)-410(objections.)-730(A)-410(few)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1432 0 obj << +/Length 4423 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(308)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(additional)-365(observations)-364(on)-365(them,)-393(therefore,)-394(are)-364(all)-365(that)-365(will)-364(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessary.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(First:)-260(the)-255(assertion)-255(that)-255(every)-255(marvel)-255(or)-255(narrative)-255(of)-255(supernat-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ural)-322(interference)-322(seemed)-322(a)-322(matter)-322(of)-322(course)-322(to)-322(the)-321(superstitious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(credulity)-320(of)-320(the)-320(age,)-337(is)-320(inaccurate.)-459(If)-320(they)-320(had)-320(been)-320(of)-319(habitual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-359(constant)-359(occurrence,)-387(they)-359(would)-359(have)-359(ceased)-359(to)-359(be)-359(marvels)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(at)-443(all.)-829(In)-443(such)-443(a)-443(case)-443(the)-443(trade)-443(of)-443(the)-443(impostor)-442(would)-443(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gone,)-316(for)-303(it)-302(would)-303(not)-303(have)-302(paid)-303(him.)-408(The)-303(entire)-303(plausibility)-302(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-244(reasonings)-244(arises)-244(from)-244(confounding)-244(under)-244(a)-244(common)-243(name)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phenomena)-402(wholly)-402(different)-403(in)-402(character.)-706(I)-402(ask)-402(emphatically,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(did)-362(the)-362(current)-362(supernaturalism)-362(of)-362(any)-362(age)-362(or)-362(nation)-362(accept)-361(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(matters)-340(of)-339(course)-340(such)-679(events)-339(as)-340(the)-339(resurrection)-340(of)-340(Christ,)-361(or)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([351])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-267(cure)-268(of)-267(a)-267(blind)-268(man,)-271(or)-267(a)-268(man)-267(full)-267(of)-268(leprosy,)-271(by)-268(a)-267(word)-267(or)-267(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(touch?)-237(Have)-212(not)-212(heathen)-212(writers)-212(pronounced)-212(actual)-212(resurrections)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-241(the)-241(dead)-241(to)-241(be)-241(impossibilities?)-247(Were)-241(such)-241(occurrences)-241(ever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believed)-258(to)-259(be)-258(within)-259(the)-258(power)-259(of)-258(magic)-259(to)-258(effect?)-276(Belief)-258(in)-258(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(possibility)-369(of)-369(such)-369(occurrences)-369(became)-369(current)-369(only)-369(under)-369(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence)-250(of)-250(Christianity.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(2.)-246(It)-238(is)-239(not)-238(correct)-238(to)-238(assert)-239(that)-238(the)-238(belief)-239(in)-238(miracles)-238(has)-238(been)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(confined)-289(to)-289(ages)-289(of)-289(ignorance.)-367(Will)-289(it)-289(be)-289(affirmed)-289(that)-289(the)-288(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flourishing)-230(period)-229(of)-230(Grecian)-229(literature)-229(was)-230(an)-229(age)-230(of)-229(ignorance?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-255(a)-255(belief)-255(in)-255(a)-254(current)-255(supernaturalism)-255(prevailed)-255(in)-255(it.)-265(Was)-254(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Augustan)-302(age)-301(an)-302(age)-302(of)-302(ignorance?)-405(Both)-301(ages)-302(were)-302(ignorant)-301(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physical)-259(science:)-268(but)-259(during)-259(few)-259(periods)-259(has)-259(the)-259(human)-258(intellect)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-437(equally)-437(active.)-811(Each)-437(age)-437(contained)-437(men)-437(endowed)-436(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(common)-244(sense)-244(sufficient)-244(to)-244(make)-244(them)-244(adequate)-244(judges)-243(whether)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-300(supernatural)-300(occurrences)-300(above)-300(referred)-300(to)-300(were)-300(possible)-300(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(3.)-332(It)-277(is)-278(inaccurate)-277(to)-277(affirm)-278(that)-277(the)-277(Christian)-278(miracles)-277(are)-277(in-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(terposed)-236(between)-235(two)-235(similar)-236(series)-235(of)-236(supernatural)-235(occurrences.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-301(is)-301(only)-301(one)-301(point)-301(in)-302(common)-301(between)-301(them;)-326(the)-301(claim)-301(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-215(supernatural.)-239(As)-215(I)-216(have)-215(proved,)-222(in)-216(every)-215(other)-216(respect)-215(they)-215(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(strongly)-322(contrasted.)-467(It)-322(is,)-340(therefore,)-340(by)-322(no)-322(means)-322(extraordinary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-251(a)-251(series)-251(of)-251(supernatural)-251(occurrences,)-251(which)-251(have)-251(the)-251(highest)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1436 0 obj << +/Length 4832 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(309)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(moral)-313(impress,)-329(and)-313(possess)-313(other)-313(distinguishing)-312(characteristics,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-425(be)-426(true;)-513(and)-426(that)-425(the)-425(others,)-470(one)-425(of)-426(which)-425(took)-425(place)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-205(and)-204(the)-204(other)-205(after)-204(that)-205(in)-204(question,)-214(and)-204(which)-205(are)-204(stamped)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(the)-250(very)-250(opposite)-250(characteristics,)-250(should)-250(be)-250(false.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-357(same)-357(author)-357(adduces)-356(the)-357(following)-357(objections,)-384(as)-357(lying)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(at)-311(the)-311(root)-311(of)-311(miraculous)-311(testimony)-311(to)-311(a)-311(revelation:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 230.579 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Surely)-311(su-)]TJ -235.423 -13.549 Td [(pernatural)-254(evidence)-254(of)-254(so)-254(common)-254(and)-254(prodigal)-254(a)-254(nature)-254(betrays)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-340(want)-341(of)-340(force)-680(and)-341(divine)-340(originality.)-521(How)-340(could)-340(that)-340(be)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([352])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(considered)-299(as)-299(special)-299(evidence)-299(for)-300(a)-299(new)-299(revelation,)-311(which)-299(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(already)-260(so)-261(well)-261(known)-260(to)-261(all)-260(the)-261(world,)-263(and)-260(which)-261(was)-260(scattered)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(broadcast)-341(over)-341(so)-341(many)-340(centuries,)-364(as)-341(well)-341(as)-341(successfully)-340(sim-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ulated)-345(by)-345(Satan.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 72.07 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.61 0 Td [(Again:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 34.5 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Instead)-345(of)-345(a)-346(few)-345(evidential)-345(miracles)]TJ -120.024 -13.549 Td [(taking)-315(place)-314(at)-315(one)-315(epoch)-314(of)-315(history,)-331(and)-314(filling)-315(the)-315(world)-314(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(surprise)-263(at)-263(such)-262(novel)-263(and)-263(exceptional)-263(phenomena,)-266(we)-263(find)-262(mir-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acles)-271(represented)-271(as)-271(taking)-271(place)-271(in)-271(all)-271(ages)-271(and)-270(in)-271(all)-271(countries.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-352(Gospel)-353(miracles)-352(are)-352(set)-353(in)-352(the)-353(midst)-352(of)-352(a)-353(series)-352(of)-352(similar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wonders)-307(which)-306(commenced)-307(many)-307(centuries)-306(before)-307(the)-307(dawn)-306(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christianity,)-231(and)-227(continued)-227(without)-227(interruption)-227(fifteen)-226(centuries)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-232(it.)-244(No)-233(divine)-232(originality)-232(characterized)-233(the)-232(evidence)-232(selected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(accredit)-250(the)-250(divine)-250(revelation.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 140.879 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(\050P.)-250(192.\051)]TJ -136.495 -16.004 Td [(I)-265(reply,)-269(First:)-281(It)-265(behoves)-266(those)-265(who)-265(except)-266(against)-265(the)-265(plan)-265(of)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(attesting)-362(a)-361(divine)-362(revelation)-361(by)-362(miracles,)-389(to)-362(inform)-361(us)-362(in)-361(what)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(other)-389(way)-389(it)-389(is)-389(possible)-390(that)-389(the)-389(truth)-389(of)-389(a)-389(divine)-389(commission)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-460(be)-460(attested.)-879(It)-460(is)-460(doubtless)-459(possible)-460(for)-460(God)-460(to)-460(make)-459(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(special)-335(revelation)-335(of)-336(His)-335(will)-335(to)-335(each)-335(individual)-335(man;)-378(yet)-335(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-330(would)-329(involve)-330(supernatural)-330(agency)-330(of)-329(some)-330(kind;)-370(and)-330(it)-329(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(very)-256(questionable)-256(whether)-256(to)-256(do)-256(so)-256(would)-256(be)-256(consistent)-256(with)-256(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(plan)-308(of)-308(God's)-308(moral)-308(government)-308(which)-308(comes)-308(under)-307(our)-308(actual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(observation.)-357(But)-286(the)-286(Christian)-286(revelation)-285(is)-286(founded)-286(on)-286(the)-285(idea)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-231(making)-230(a)-231(divine)-231(manifestation)-231(additional)-230(to,)-235(and)-231(of)-231(a)-230(different)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-429(from,)-474(that)-429(which)-429(is)-429(made)-429(by)-429(the)-429(created)-429(universe;)-518(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-284(simply)-284(of)-285(imparting)-284(so)-284(much)-285(additional)-284(information)-284(to)-284(each)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(individual.)-239(This)-217(manifestation)-218(professes)-217(to)-218(be)-217(made)-218(by)-217(the)-217(Incar-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nation.)-326(How,)-281(I)-275(ask,)-282(was)-275(such)-275(a)-276(manifestation)-275(to)-275(be)-275(made)-275(except)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1441 0 obj << +/Length 4750 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(310)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(by)-405(a)-405(supernatural)-405(action)-405(of)-404(some)-405(kind?)-715(It)-405(is)-405(clear,)-443(therefore,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-267(every)-268(manifestation)-267(of)-267(God)-268(differing)-267(from)-267(that)-268(made)-267(by)-267(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ordinary)-304(forces)-304(of)-304(nature,)-317(or)-304(by)-304(the)-304(moral)-304(nature)-304(of)-608(man,)-317(must)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([353])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(be)-332(supernatural.)-495(There)-332(can)-332(be)-332(no)-331(doubt)-332(as)-332(to)-332(the)-332(means)-331(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(must)-240(be)-240(employed.)-246(The)-240(only)-240(question)-240(which)-239(can)-240(be)-240(raised)-240(is)-239(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-381(I)-381(have)-381(considered)-380(elsewhere,)-414(namely:)-512(whether)-381(it)-381(is)-380(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purpose)-250(of)-250(God)-250(to)-250(make)-250(such)-250(a)-250(manifestation)-250(of)-250(Himself.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(It)-280(will)-280(be)-280(objected)-279(that)-280(such)-280(a)-280(manifestation)-280(might)-280(have)-279(been)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(made)-275(self-evident)-275(to)-274(the)-275(moral)-275(nature)-275(of)-275(man,)-281(and)-274(consequently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-304(would)-303(have)-304(required)-304(no)-303(additional)-304(attestation.)-411(To)-303(this)-304(I)-303(reply)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that,)-274(on)-270(the)-270(supposition)-269(that)-270(it)-269(is)-270(God's)-269(purpose)-270(to)-269(make)-270(such)-269(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(additional)-335(manifestation)-334(of)-335(Himself,)-356(He)-334(must)-335(be)-334(allowed)-335(to)-334(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(only)-250(adequate)-250(judge)-250(of)-250(the)-250(right)-250(mode)-250(of)-250(accomplishing)-250(it.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(But)-403(even)-404(if)-403(a)-404(revelation)-403(involved)-404(no)-403(such)-404(manifestation)-403(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(God,)-290(but)-281(only)-282(a)-281(communication)-282(of)-282(truth)-281(to)-282(man,)-289(it)-282(is)-281(incumbent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-315(those)-314(who)-314(object)-315(to)-314(its)-315(attestation)-314(by)-315(miracles,)-330(to)-315(find)-314(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-262(method)-261(by)-262(which)-261(the)-262(reality)-261(of)-262(a)-261(divine)-262(commission)-261(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-229(attested,)-234(and)-229(to)-230(show)-229(that)-229(this)-230(mode)-229(would)-229(be)-230(preferable)-229(to)-229(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attestation)-250(by)-250(miracles.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But)-353(further:)-457(if)-353(we)-354(regard)-353(a)-353(miracle)-354(as)-353(a)-353(supernatural)-353(occur-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(rence)-371(wrought)-370(in)-371(attestation)-370(of)-371(a)-371(divine)-370(commission,)-401(which)-370(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-452(unquestionable)-453(aspect)-452(of)-452(a)-453(considerable)-452(number)-452(of)-452(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recorded)-310(in)-310(the)-310(New)-311(Testament,)-325(the)-310(fact)-310(that)-310(there)-310(was)-310(a)-310(wide-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spread)-306(belief)-307(in)-306(the)-307(existence)-306(of)-307(supernatural)-306(events)-307(is)-306(far)-306(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interfering)-261(with)-261(its)-260(efficacy.)-283(What)-260(did)-261(the)-261(current)-261(beliefs)-260(imply?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(That)-310(there)-311(existed)-310(beings,)-325(other)-311(than)-310(the)-310(blind)-311(forces)-310(of)-310(nature,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-238(interfered)-238(in)-237(human)-238(affairs;)-242(and)-238(that)-237(they)-238(were)-238(in)-238(some)-237(way)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-304(other)-304(capable)-303(of)-304(communicating)-304(with)-304(man.)-411(What)-304(is)-304(the)-303(very)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-330(implied)-330(by)-329(a)-330(revelation?)-490(That)-329(a)-330(God)-330(exists,)-350(who)-329(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-326(moral)-325(Governor)-326(of)-325(the)-326(universe,)-345(who)-325(cares)-326(for)-325(man,)-345(and)-325(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capable)-263(of)-262(holding)-263(communications)-263(with)-263(him.)-288(Both)-262(conceptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rest)-242(on)-241(a)-242(common)-241(ground)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 111.131 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)-241(existence)-242(of)-483(supernatural)-241(beings)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -194.795 0 Td [([354])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(capable)-257(of)-257(manifesting)-257(themselves)-256(by)-257(outward)-257(indications.)-270(Why)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(then)-384(should)-384(not)-383(the)-384(moral)-384(Governor)-384(of)-384(the)-384(universe,)-417(if)-384(it)-383(was)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1446 0 obj << +/Length 4559 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(311)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(His)-377(purpose)-376(to)-376(make)-377(a)-376(revelation,)-408(employ)-377(media,)-408(which)-376(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-251(but)-251(universally)-250(recognized?)-252(No)-251(inconsiderable)-251(number)-251(of)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(objections)-264(of)-264(unbelievers)-264(rest)-264(on)-264(the)-265(assumption,)-267(that)-264(if)-264(there)-264(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-380(God,)-412(it)-380(is)-379(derogatory)-380(to)-380(His)-380(character)-379(to)-380(suppose)-380(that)-380(He)-379(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(capable)-182(of)-181(condescending)-182(to)-182(the)-181(weaknesses)-182(and)-182(imperfections)-181(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man.)-250(A)-248(God)-248(who)-249(neither)-248(will)-249(nor)-248(can)-249(do)-248(so)-249(may)-248(be)-249(a)-248(very)-248(grand)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception;)-212(but)-194(one)-193(who)-193(is)-193(very)-194(ill)-193(adapted)-193(to)-194(the)-193(wants)-193(of)-193(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature,)-248(and)-247(who)-248(is)-247(incapable)-247(of)-248(exciting)-247(human)-247(sympathies.)-249(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-214(thing)-215(that)-214(would)-214(be)-215(necessary,)-221(on)-214(the)-215(supposition)-214(that)-214(it)-214(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(His)-192(purpose)-191(to)-192(make)-192(such)-191(a)-192(revelation,)-203(would)-192(be)-192(that)-191(His)-192(mode)-191(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(manifesting)-326(His)-326(presence)-327(should)-326(be)-326(one)-326(clearly)-326(distinguishable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-304(the)-303(events)-304(of)-303(current)-304(supernaturalism.)-410(What)-304(was)-303(requisite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-414(have)-415(been)-414(to)-415(afford)-414(evidence)-414(that)-415(the)-414(manifestation)-414(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(question)-293(was)-292(due)-293(to)-292(no)-293(other)-292(being)-293(than)-292(Himself;)-314(that)-292(is)-293(to)-292(say,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-291(the)-290(miracles)-291(should)-291(bear)-291(the)-290(unquestionable)-291(impress)-291(of)-290(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(own)-411(perfections.)-735(The)-411(subject)-411(of)-412(alleged)-411(demoniacal)-411(miracles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(I)-437(have)-437(considered)-437(elsewhere.)-811(The)-437(simple)-437(question)-437(before)-436(us)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 7.277 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Are)-300(the)-299(supernatural)-300(events)-300(recorded)-299(in)-300(the)-300(Gospels)-299(clearly)]TJ -18.186 -13.549 Td [(distinguishable)-287(in)-287(their)-287(general)-287(character)-287(from)-287(the)-286(supernatural-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ism)-329(which)-330(was)-329(current)-330(previous)-329(to)-329(the)-330(Advent?)-488(I)-329(have)-329(already)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shown)-202(that)-203(it)-202(contains)-202(no)-203(doubtful)-202(indications)-202(as)-203(to)-202(who)-202(the)-202(agent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-424(have)-423(been,)-467(if)-424(we)-423(suppose)-424(the)-423(facts)-424(to)-423(have)-424(been)-423(actual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occurrences.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(But)-333(further:)-416(if)-334(the)-333(objection)-333(has)-333(any)-333(validity,)-354(it)-333(presupposes)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(that)-319(God)-318(ought)-319(not)-318(to)-319(make)-319(a)-318(revelation)-319(in)-318(ages)-319(of)-318(superstition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-283(ignorance;)-299(but)-283(must)-283(wait)-283(until)-283(knowledge)-283(has)-283(cleared)-282(away)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-245(mists)-246(of)-245(ignorance)-246(and)-245(error,)-246(and)-246(supplied)-245(us)-246(with)-245(the)-245(means)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-384(infallibly)-192(discriminating)-192(between)-192(true)-192(miracles)-192(and)-192(false)-192(ones;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([355])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(or,)-308(in)-297(other)-296(words,)-308(we)-297(must)-296(wait)-296(for)-297(the)-296(much-talked-of)-297(jury)-296(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scientific)-214(men,)-221(who)-213(can)-214(submit)-214(His)-214(alleged)-213(miracles)-214(to)-214(the)-213(whole)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(range)-400(of)-401(scientific)-400(tests.)-701(Happily,)-438(however,)-438(God)-401(has)-400(gifted)-400(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(considerable)-251(number)-250(of)-251(men)-250(with)-251(common)-250(sense,)-251(which)-251(is)-250(quite)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(adequate)-260(to)-260(determine)-261(whether)-260(a)-260(certain)-261(class)-260(of)-260(events)-260(wrought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-305(certain)-305(circumstances)-305(are)-305(miraculous)-305(operations,)-318(or)-305(mere)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1450 0 obj << +/Length 4648 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(312)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(natural)-329(occurrences,)-348(or)-329(due)-329(to)-328(imposture.)-486(If)-329(this)-329(be)-328(so,)-349(what)-328(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there,)-398(I)-369(ask,)-399(unworthy)-368(of)-369(God,)-399(in)-368(making)-369(a)-369(revelation)-369(at)-368(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(times)-250(as)-250(man)-250(stands)-250(in)-250(special)-250(need)-250(of)-250(one?)]TJ 11.956 -14.531 Td [(It)-302(is)-302(further)-302(objected)-302(that)-302(a)-302(miraculous)-302(attestation)-302(to)-302(a)-302(divine)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(commission)-278(shows)-278(a)-279(want)-278(of)-278(force)-278(and)-278(divine)-279(originality.)-334(I)-278(ask,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(how?)-352(The)-284(fact)-284(is)-284(that)-284(with)-284(the)-284(exception)-284(of)-284(Judaism,)-292(no)-284(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion)-256(professed)-256(to)-256(be)-255(so)-256(attested;)-259(and)-256(the)-256(Jew)-256(would)-255(naturally)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expect)-345(that)-346(any)-345(fresh)-345(revelation)-345(would)-345(be)-346(attested)-345(in)-345(a)-345(manner)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(similar)-250(to)-250(that)-250(which)-250(he)-250(believed)-250(in)-250(as)-250(divine.)]TJ 11.956 -14.531 Td [(The)-308(objection)-309(that)-308(because)-308(the)-309(belief)-308(in)-308(supernaturalism)-308(was)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(so)-324(general,)-343(therefore)-324(miracles)-324(must)-324(be)-324(worthless)-324(as)-324(evidence,)-342(I)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-250(already)-250(shown)-250(to)-250(be)-250(fallacious.)]TJ 11.956 -14.531 Td [(But)-318(it)-317(is)-318(also)-317(objected:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 104.733 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Instead)-318(of)-317(a)-318(few)-317(evidential)-318(miracles)]TJ -121.532 -13.549 Td [(taking)-384(place)-384(at)-384(one)-384(particular)-384(period)-384(of)-384(history)-384(and)-384(filling)-383(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world)-345(with)-344(surprise)-345(at)-344(such)-345(novel)-344(and)-345(exceptional)-344(phenomena,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-343(find)-343(them)-344(represented)-343(as)-343(taking)-343(place)-343(in)-344(all)-343(ages)-343(and)-343(in)-343(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(countries.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 42.72 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -30.764 -14.531 Td [(This)-360(is)-361(the)-360(old)-361(objection)-360(of)-360(the)-361(Jews)-360(who)-361(demanded)-360(of)-360(our)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Lord)-346(a)-345(sign)-346(from)-345(Heaven.)-537(Both)-345(demand)-346(a)-345(particular)-346(class)-345(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-381(of)-381(miracle,)-414(viz.:)-512(something)-381(stupendous,)-413(or)-381(terrific.)-643(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(value)-255(of)-256(each)-255(objection)-256(lies)-255(in)-255(conceiving)-256(of)-255(a)-255(miracle)-256(as)-255(a)-255(mere)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(objective)-197(fact)-197(in)-197(external)-197(nature,)-207(stript)-197(of)-197(all)-197(its)-197(moral)-196(accompani-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ments.)-233(In)-198(one)-198(word,)-209(it)-198(contemplates)-199(the)-198(miracle)-198(in)-199(its)-198(most)-198(vulgar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aspect,)-240(as)-237(a)-238(bare)-237(act)-238(of)-237(power,)-480(a)-237(portent,)-240(a)-238(prodigy.)-246(A)-237(great)-237(light)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([356])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(everywhere)-411(appearing)-411(in)-411(the)-411(heavens)-411(might)-411(have)-411(appeared)-410(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vulgar)-213(minds)-213(a)-213(greater)-213(miracle,)-221(and)-213(have)-213(attracted)-213(more)-213(attention)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(than)-245(the)-244(cure)-245(of)-245(a)-244(man)-245(full)-245(of)-244(leprosy)-245(by)-245(the)-244(utterance)-245(of)-245(a)-244(word.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-383(it)-384(would)-383(not)-384(have)-383(presented)-383(stronger)-384(evidences)-383(of)-383(having)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-250(wrought)-250(by)-250(the)-250(power)-250(of)-250(God.)]TJ 11.956 -14.531 Td [(But)-278(with)-279(respect)-278(to)-278(the)-279(general)-278(question,)-286(I)-278(ask,)-285(Is)-279(not)-278(the)-278(res-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(urrection)-303(of)-304(Jesus)-303(Christ)-304(in)-303(every)-303(respect)-304(an)-303(exceptional)-303(event?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Where)-418(are)-417(resurrections)-418(to)-417(be)-418(found)-417(in)-418(the)-417(history)-418(of)-417(current)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(supernaturalism?)-443(Who)-315(ever)-314(pretended,)-331(before)-314(or)-315(since,)-330(to)-314(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-248(divine)-247(commission)-248(which)-247(was)-247(attested)-248(by)-247(his)-248(own)-247(resurrection)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1454 0 obj << +/Length 4734 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(313)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(from)-376(the)-375(dead?)-627(This)-375(miracle)-376(is)-375(at)-376(any)-375(rate)-376(absolutely)-375(unique;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-357(it)-357(must)-357(never)-357(be)-357(forgotten)-357(that)-357(it)-357(is)-357(the)-357(only)-357(one)-356(recorded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-410(the)-409(New)-410(Testament)-409(on)-410(the)-410(truth)-409(of)-410(which)-409(its)-410(writers)-409(stake)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-348(claim)-348(of)-348(Christianity)-347(to)-348(be)-348(regarded)-348(as)-348(a)-348(divine)-347(revelation.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Although)-281(they)-281(refer)-280(to)-281(other)-281(miracles,)-288(wonders)-281(and)-281(signs)-280(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-389(wrought)-389(by)-389(Him,)-423(yet)-389(whenever)-389(they)-389(adduce)-389(the)-389(full)-388(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conclusive)-335(evidence)-335(of)-335(His)-335(divine)-335(mission,)-356(they)-335(always)-334(appeal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(the)-250(fact)-250(that)-250(God)-250(had)-250(raised)-250(Him)-250(from)-250(the)-250(dead.)]TJ 11.956 -14.777 Td [(But)-369(a)-368(further)-369(objection)-368(is)-369(urged)-368(as)-369(invalidating)-368(this)-369(kind)-368(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(testimony:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 51.011 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(At)-351(the)-352(very)-351(time)-352(when)-351(the)-352(knowledge)-351(of)-352(the)-351(laws)]TJ -55.855 -13.549 Td [(of)-309(nature)-309(began)-309(to)-308(render)-309(men)-309(capable)-309(of)-309(judging)-309(of)-309(the)-308(reality)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-350(miracles,)-375(these)-350(wonders)-350(entirely)-350(ceased.)-550(This)-350(extraordinary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cessation)-218(of)-218(miracles)-218(at)-217(a)-218(time)-218(when)-218(their)-218(evidence)-218(ought)-218(to)-217(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acquired)-322(value)-322(from)-323(an)-322(appeal)-322(to)-322(persons)-322(capable)-322(of)-322(appreciat-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ing)-383(them,)-416(is)-383(perfectly)-382(unintelligible,)-416(if)-383(they)-383(are)-383(viewed)-383(as)-382(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supernatural)-250(credentials)-250(of)-250(a)-250(divine)-250(revelation.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 202.375 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -190.419 -14.777 Td [(This)-284(passage)-284(contains)-285(several)-284(fallacies.)-352(One,)-293(to)-284(which)-284(I)-284(have)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(repeatedly)-422(drawn)-422(attention,)-465(runs)-422(through)-422(it,)-465(viz.,)-465(the)-422(classing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(together)-220(every)-219(kind)-220(of)-219(alleged)-440(supernatural)-219(occurrence,)-226(from)-219(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([357])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(miracles)-288(of)-288(Jesus)-288(to)-288(the)-288(fantastic)-288(performances)-288(of)-288(the)-287(magician,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-360(though)-359(they)-360(all)-359(stood)-360(on)-359(the)-360(same)-359(level.)-579(I)-359(need)-360(not)-359(further)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(allude)-250(to)-250(the)-250(fallacy)-250(of)-250(such)-250(reasoning.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(2.)-244(It)-231(is)-232(affirmed)-232(that)-231(miracles)-232(entirely)-232(ceased)-231(when)-232(the)-231(knowl-)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(edge)-186(of)-186(the)-186(laws)-186(of)-186(nature)-186(began)-186(to)-186(render)-186(men)-186(capable)-186(of)-185(judging)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-194(their)-195(reality.)-231(I)-194(conclude)-195(that)-194(by)-194(the)-194(word)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 185.199 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(miracles)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 36.96 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.963 0 Td [(in)-194(this)-195(pas-)]TJ -233.966 -13.549 Td [(sage,)-275(the)-270(author)-270(means)-270(ecclesiastical)-270(miracles,)-275(viz.,)-275(those)-269(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-262(been)-262(alleged)-261(to)-262(be)-262(wrought)-261(in)-262(attestation)-262(of)-262(the)-261(established)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(system)-431(of)-431(belief.)-793(If)-431(it)-431(is)-431(meant)-431(to)-431(be)-431(asserted)-431(that)-431(all)-430(belief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-323(a)-323(current)-323(supernaturalism)-323(has)-323(now)-323(ceased,)-341(the)-323(affirmation)-322(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(inaccurate,)-328(as)-312(the)-312(wide-spread)-313(belief)-312(in)-312(spiritualism)-312(abundantly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(testifies.)]TJ 11.956 -14.776 Td [(But)-241(if)-241(the)-241(assertion)-241(is)-241(intended)-241(to)-241(be)-241(confined)-241(to)-240(ecclesiastical)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(miracles,)-481(it)-435(involves)-435(an)-435(inaccuracy)-435(as)-435(to)-435(a)-435(matter)-435(of)-434(history.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(They)-229(had)-229(become)-230(thoroughly)-229(discredited)-229(long)-229(before)-229(the)-229(birth)-229(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1458 0 obj << +/Length 4412 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(314)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(modern)-276(physical)-276(science.)-328(The)-276(cure)-276(of)-276(blind)-276(and)-276(leprous)-275(persons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-399(a)-399(touch,)-435(or)-399(the)-399(feeding)-399(of)-398(five)-399(thousand)-399(persons)-399(on)-398(seven)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(loaves)-214(and)-214(a)-213(few)-214(fishes,)-221(require)-214(nothing)-214(else)-214(than)-214(sound)-213(common)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense)-293(for)-293(the)-294(appreciation)-293(of)-293(their)-293(supernatural)-293(character,)-304(or)-293(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(testing)-391(of)-391(their)-391(reality.)-672(The)-391(assertion,)-426(therefore,)-427(that)-390(miracles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ceased)-190(precisely)-190(at)-190(the)-189(time)-190(when)-190(their)-190(evidence)-190(would)-190(have)-189(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(most)-290(valuable,)-300(by)-290(their)-290(being)-290(able)-290(to)-290(be)-290(tested)-290(by)-290(those)-289(persons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(best)-250(capable)-250(of)-250(appreciating)-250(them,)-250(is)-250(entirely)-250(inaccurate.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-291(fully)-292(admit)-291(that)-292(a)-291(belief)-292(in)-291(a)-292(current)-291(supernaturalism,)-302(as)-291(for)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(instance)-308(in)-308(the)-308(absurdities)-308(of)-309(witchcraft,)-322(survived)-308(the)-308(Reforma-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tion.)-522(What)-341(the)-341(Reformation)-341(destroyed)-341(was)-340(a)-341(belief)-341(in)-341(a)-340(divine)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(order)-245(of)-244(miracles)-245(wrought)-244(in)-245(support)-245(of)-244(an)-245(ecclesiastical)-244(system.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-431(belief)-432(in)-431(this)-432(current)-431(supernaturalism)-432(has)-431(been)-431(gradually)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(diminishing)-407(ever)-407(since,)-446(under)-406(the)-407(combined)-407(influence)-814(of)-406(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([358])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(increase)-456(of)-457(the)-456(knowledge)-456(of)-457(physical)-456(science,)-508(and)-456(common)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense.)-536(The)-345(objection)-345(raised)-346(is)-345(simply)-345(irrelevant)-346(to)-345(the)-345(point)-345(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(issue.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But)-435(there)-436(is)-435(another)-436(subject)-435(which)-436(demands)-435(consideration.)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Hitherto)-341(we)-340(have)-341(been)-340(dealing)-340(with)-341(the)-340(evidential)-341(character)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(miracles.)-437(But)-312(although)-312(all)-313(miracles)-312(have)-312(an)-312(evidential)-313(value,)-327(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-199(can)-199(be)-200(adequately)-199(attested,)-209(it)-199(by)-200(no)-199(means)-199(follows)-199(that)-199(every)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracle)-211(recorded)-211(in)-211(the)-210(New)-211(Testament)-211(was)-211(intended)-211(to)-210(subserve)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-345(purpose)-346(alone.)-536(It)-346(was)-345(necessary)-346(not)-345(only)-346(that)-345(a)-345(revelation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-393(be)-393(communicated,)-428(and)-393(receive)-393(an)-393(adequate)-392(attestation,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(but)-271(that)-271(it)-272(should)-271(be)-271(propagated)-271(among)-271(mankind.)-314(To)-271(render)-271(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possible,)-356(it)-335(was)-334(necessary)-335(that)-335(its)-334(messengers)-335(should)-335(be)-334(armed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-262(some)-261(means)-262(of)-262(insuring)-261(that)-262(their)-262(message)-261(should)-262(be)-261(heard)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-412(attention.)-737(There)-413(was)-412(also)-412(another)-413(object)-412(to)-412(be)-412(effected;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(namely,)-329(the)-314(establishment)-313(in)-313(the)-314(world)-313(of)-314(that)-313(great)-313(institution,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-225(Christian)-226(Church,)-230(which)-226(was)-225(intended)-225(so)-226(largely)-225(to)-225(influence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-250(destinies.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(It)-219(will)-219(be)-220(quite)-219(clear)-219(to)-219(any)-220(person)-219(who)-219(carefully)-219(considers)-219(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(various)-216(supernatural)-216(occurrences)-215(recorded)-216(in)-216(the)-216(New)-215(Testament)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-289(they)-289(are)-289(not)-289(all)-289(of)-289(equal)-289(evidential)-289(value.)-367(The)-289(highest)-288(class)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1462 0 obj << +/Length 4578 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(315)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(of)-407(them)-406(are)-407(directly)-406(affirmed)-407(to)-406(have)-407(been)-406(performed)-407(for)-406(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purpose)-285(of)-285(attesting)-285(the)-285(divine)-284(mission)-285(of)-285(Jesus)-285(Christ,)-294(and)-285(as)-284(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(portion)-325(of)-326(His)-325(supernatural)-326(manifestation.)-476(To)-326(this)-325(class)-325(belong)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-213(miracles)-213(wrought)-213(by)-213(Himself,)-220(and)-213(several)-213(of)-213(those)-213(performed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-243(the)-244(Apostles.)-247(But)-244(there)-243(is)-243(another)-243(class)-243(referred)-244(to)-243(in)-243(the)-243(Acts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-256(the)-255(Apostles,)-257(of)-256(which)-255(the)-256(primary)-255(object)-256(seems)-255(to)-256(have)-255(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-238(awaken)-238(attention)-238(to)-238(the)-238(Apostolic)-238(message,)-240(though)-238(even)-238(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-218(not)-218(destitute)-218(of)-219(evidential)-218(value.)-239(There)-218(is)-218(also)-218(another)-218(order)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-292(manifestations)-291(frequently)-292(referred)-292(to)-291(in)-292(the)-291(Epistles,)-302(viz.,)-302(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(supernatural)-290(gifts)-290(of)-290(the)-291(Spirit,)-300(one)-290(of)-290(the)-290(declared)-290(purposes)-580(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([359])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(which)-298(was)-298(to)-297(lay)-298(deep)-298(the)-297(foundations)-298(of)-298(the)-298(Christian)-297(Church.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(As)-378(divine)-378(interpositions,)-410(they)-378(were)-378(all)-378(to)-378(a)-378(certain)-378(extent)-377(evi-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dential;)-297(but)-282(it)-281(will)-282(be)-281(important)-282(to)-281(observe)-282(that)-281(there)-282(is)-281(an)-281(order)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-227(supernatural)-227(manifestations)-227(mentioned)-227(in)-227(the)-227(New)-227(Testament,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(whose)-411(apparent)-410(primary)-411(intention)-411(was)-410(to)-411(subserve)-411(a)-410(different)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purpose.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Let)-266(it)-265(be)-266(observed)-266(therefore,)-269(that)-266(at)-266(the)-265(introduction)-266(of)-265(Chris-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(tianity,)-359(two)-338(distinct)-337(purposes)-337(had)-338(to)-337(be)-337(effected:)-425(first,)-359(to)-337(attest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(truth)-250(of)-250(the)-250(revelation;)-250(secondly,)-250(to)-250(establish)-250(the)-250(Church.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-206(will)-207(briefly)-206(draw)-206(attention)-207(to)-206(this)-206(latter)-207(portion)-206(of)-206(the)-206(subject,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(as)-429(far)-428(as)-429(it)-429(affects)-428(certain)-429(portions)-429(of)-428(the)-429(supernatural)-428(action)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirmed)-383(in)-383(the)-383(New)-384(Testament.)-649(I)-383(allude)-383(to)-383(a)-383(certain)-383(class)-383(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles,)-244(such)-243(as)-243(the)-243(cure)-243(of)-243(the)-243(cripple)-242(at)-243(Lystra,)-245(those)-242(wrought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-257(the)-258(passing)-257(of)-257(Peter's)-258(shadow,)-259(and)-257(by)-258(garments)-257(brought)-257(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Paul's)-382(person,)-414(and)-382(some)-382(others;)-447(also)-382(to)-382(the)-381(entire)-382(class)-382(of)-381(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supernatural)-280(gifts)-281(mentioned)-280(in)-280(the)-280(Acts)-281(of)-280(the)-280(Apostles,)-288(and)-280(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(frequently)-250(referred)-250(to)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Epistles.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(One)-299(of)-298(the)-299(greatest)-298(difficulties)-299(which)-299(beset)-298(the)-299(missionary)-298(is)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-255(obtain)-255(a)-255(hearing)-255(in)-255(the)-255(midst)-255(of)-255(the)-255(hostile)-255(elements)-255(by)-254(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-345(is)-346(surrounded.)-535(Yet)-346(to)-345(obtain)-345(this)-346(is)-345(the)-345(necessary)-345(condition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-296(carrying)-296(on)-296(his)-295(work.)-388(In)-296(this)-296(respect,)-307(the)-296(modern)-295(missionary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possesses)-199(great)-199(advantages)-200(compared)-199(with)-199(the)-199(primitive)-199(mission-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ary)-291(of)-291(Christianity.)-374(He)-291(belongs)-291(to)-291(a)-292(superior)-291(civilization,)-301(and)-291(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(therefore)-313(able)-312(to)-313(bring)-313(to)-313(bear)-312(the)-313(whole)-313(force)-313(of)-312(a)-313(higher)-313(on)-312(a)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1467 0 obj << +/Length 5527 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(316)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(lower)-245(one.)-249(This)-245(was)-246(exactly)-245(reversed)-245(in)-246(the)-245(case)-246(of)-245(the)-245(primitive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(missionaries.)-397(Instead)-300(of)-299(being)-299(able)-299(to)-299(bring)-299(to)-299(bear)-299(the)-299(prestige)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-264(a)-264(high)-264(civilization)-264(on)-264(those)-264(among)-264(whom)-264(they)-264(laboured,)-267(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(belonged)-378(to)-377(a)-378(despised)-377(race;)-442(or)-377(if)-378(the)-377(missionary)-378(himself)-377(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-335(member)-334(of)-335(the)-334(race)-335(whom)-335(he)-334(addressed,)-356(he)-669(belonged)-335(to)-334(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([360])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(lower)-271(sections)-271(of)-270(society.)-313(How)-270(was)-271(this)-271(enormous)-271(deficiency)-270(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-304(supplied?)-412(How)-303(was)-304(a)-304(man)-304(thus)-304(despised)-304(to)-304(obtain)-304(a)-303(hearing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(\261\274)]TJ/F38 10.9091 Tf 11.607 0 Td [(q)]TJ/F37 10.9091 Tf 5.728 0 Td [(\304\311\275)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.858 0 Td [(,)-379(endowments)-353(of)-354(healing)-353(powers.)-560(The)]TJ -108.552 -13.549 Td [(distinction)-272(in)-272(function)-272(between)-273(these)-272(powers)-272(is)-272(affirmed)-272(by)-272(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-327(less)-326(than)-327(three)-327(times;)-365(what)-326(it)-327(consisted)-327(in,)-345(we)-327(are)-327(only)-326(able)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-312(judge)-313(from)-312(the)-312(terms)-313(themselves,)-328(and)-312(the)-312(nature)-313(of)-312(the)-312(case.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-295(is)-295(every)-295(probability)-294(that)-295(the)-295(distinction)-295(points)-295(to)-295(a)-294(higher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-357(a)-356(lower)-357(exercise)-357(of)-357(supernatural)-356(power;)-410(the)-357(one)-357(being)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(be)-250(unable)-250(to)-250(obtain.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(To)-255(such)-256(a)-255(class)-256(of)-255(supernatural)-256(operations)-255(would)-256(belong)-255(such)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(cures)-291(as)-292(those)-291(effected)-292(by)-291(the)-291(conveyance)-292(of)-291(handkerchiefs)-291(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aprons)-418(from)-418(St.)-754(Paul's)-418(body)-418(to)-418(the)-418(sick.)-754(These)-418(are)-418(only)-417(as-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(serted)-355(to)-354(have)-355(taken)-354(place)-355(on)-354(one)-355(occasion,)-381(at)-354(Ephesus,)-381(a)-354(city)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(greatly)-306(addicted)-306(to)-307(the)-306(arts)-306(of)-306(magic.)-419(They)-306(were)-306(adapted)-306(to)-306(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(circumstances)-299(of)-299(the)-299(place,)-311(where)-299(the)-299(Apostle)-299(had)-299(to)-299(encounter)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-283(particular)-283(form)-283(of)-283(supernaturalism;)-299(and)-283(they)-283(would)-283(have)-283(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exactly)-346(suited)-347(to)-346(meet)-346(the)-347(difficulty)-346(in)-346(question.)-539(The)-346(historian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tells)-177(us)-177(that)-176(the)-177(success)-177(was)-177(great,)-191(for)-177(many)-176(of)-177(those)-177(who)-177(had)-176(used)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(magical)-309(arts)-308(came)-308(forward)-309(and)-308(confessed)-309(their)-308(deeds,)-323(collected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(together)-322(their)-321(magical)-322(books,)-340(which)-321(were)-322(worth)-322(a)-321(considerable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sum)-199(of)-200(money,)-209(and)-200(publicly)-199(burned)-200(them.)-233(The)-199(same)-199(observations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apply)-293(to)-293(Peter's)-293(shadow.)-380(Although)-293(the)-293(historian)-293(does)-293(not)-293(tell)-293(us)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-264(cures)-265(were)-264(wrought)-264(by)-264(it,)-268(yet)-265(the)-264(narrative)-264(presupposes)-264(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-297(large)-297(outburst)-298(of)-297(supernatural)-297(power)-297(took)-297(place)-297(in)-297(connection)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-340(Peter's)-339(person.)-520(Although)-339(the)-340(cure)-340(of)-339(the)-340(cripple)-340(at)-339(Lystra)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(belongs)-389(to)-388(a)-389(class)-389(of)-388(miracles)-389(which)-389(is)-388(strictly)-389(evidential,)-423(yet)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-328(immediate)-328(occasion)-328(of)-328(its)-328(performance)-328(seems)-328(to)-328(have)-328(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-356(the)-356(view)-356(of)-357(arousing)-356(the)-356(attention)-356(of)-356(an)-356(ignorant)-356(heathen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(population.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(But)-171(not)-171(only)-171(had)-171(a)-171(revelation)-171(to)-171(be)-171(communicated)-342(and)-171(attested,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([362])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(not)-275(only)-276(had)-275(converts)-275(to)-276(be)-275(made)-275(and)-276(instructed,)-281(but)-276(it)-275(was)-275(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessary)-187(that)-188(the)-187(foundations)-188(of)-187(the)-188(Church,)-200(the)-187(visible)-187(kingdom)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-253(Christ,)-253(should)-253(be)-252(firmly)-253(laid,)-253(and)-253(that)-253(it)-252(should)-253(be)-252(established)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-342(the)-342(visible)-342(institutions)-342(of)-342(the)-342(earth.)-526(Sufficient)-341(attention)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1476 0 obj << +/Length 4719 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(318)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(has)-369(not)-369(been)-369(paid)-369(to)-369(this)-369(portion)-369(of)-369(the)-369(subject)-369(in)-369(considering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-319(question)-318(of)-319(supernatural)-318(intervention.)-455(The)-319(establishment)-318(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-232(Church)-231(as)-232(a)-231(visible)-232(institution,)-235(which)-231(was)-232(intended)-231(gradually)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-275(leaven)-275(mankind)-275(with)-275(the)-275(great)-275(principles)-274(of)-275(His)-275(revelation,)-281(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(again)-241(and)-242(again)-241(affirmed)-242(by)-241(Jesus)-241(Christ)-242(to)-241(have)-241(been)-242(one)-241(of)-241(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-262(purposes)-262(of)-263(His)-262(coming.)-286(A)-263(description)-262(of)-262(its)-262(character)-262(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(functions)-297(forms)-297(the)-297(subject)-297(of)-297(no)-297(inconsiderable)-297(number)-297(of)-296(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(parables,)-305(and)-294(it)-293(is)-294(the)-294(great)-294(end)-294(and)-293(purpose)-294(for)-294(which)-294(He)-293(gave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-239(great)-240(final)-239(Apostolic)-239(commission)-240(to)-239(go)-239(and)-240(gather)-239(it)-239(together)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(out)-250(of)-250(all)-250(the)-250(nations)-250(of)-250(the)-250(earth.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(The)-285(Church)-285(of)-285(Christ)-284(had)-285(therefore)-285(to)-285(be)-285(formed)-285(into)-285(a)-284(com-)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(munity)-276(out)-275(of)-276(the)-276(most)-275(heterogeneous)-276(elements.)-327(It)-276(was)-275(destined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-201(for)-201(a)-200(momentary)-201(existence,)-211(but)-201(for)-200(a)-201(continuous)-201(growth,)-211(so)-200(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-258(leaven)-257(human)-258(nature)-257(with)-258(its)-257(influences.)-273(The)-257(creation)-258(of)-257(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-314(society)-313(was)-314(a)-314(conception)-313(so)-314(bold)-314(that)-313(it)-314(had)-314(never)-313(previously)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entered)-230(the)-230(head)-230(of)-230(either)-230(poet)-229(or)-230(philosopher.)-244(Those)-230(with)-229(whom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(I)-216(am)-216(reasoning)-215(will)-216(not)-216(deny)-216(that)-216(the)-215(attempt)-216(was)-216(a)-216(very)-215(arduous,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-250(to)-250(all)-250(appearance)-250(a)-250(most)-250(chimerical)-250(one.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(Yet)-288(it)-288(is)-287(the)-288(most)-288(certain)-288(of)-288(facts)-287(that)-288(the)-288(Church)-288(of)-288(Christ)-287(is)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(now)-308(in)-309(the)-308(nineteenth)-309(century)-308(of)-308(its)-309(existence.)-425(The)-308(boldness)-308(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-206(undertaking)-207(will)-206(be)-206(more)-206(fully)-206(estimated)-207(when)-206(we)-206(reflect)-206(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-345(Church)-346(was)-345(intended)-345(to)-346(be)-345(a)-346(society)-345(which,)-369(while)-345(existing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-295(the)-295(world,)-306(should)-295(differ)-295(in)-295(its)-295(essential)-295(character)-295(from)-295(all)-295(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-245(societies)-245(on)-246(the)-245(earth.)-248(Its)-245(action)-246(was)-245(to)-245(be)-245(entirely)-245(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-194(moral.)-232(Its)-194(founder)-194(intended)-388(it)-195(to)-194(be)-194(invested)-194(with)-194(no)-194(coercive)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([363])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(powers.)-250(The)-250(appeal)-250(was)-250(to)-250(be,)-250(not)-250(to)-250(force,)-250(but)-250(to)-250(conscience.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(Those)-434(who)-435(offered)-434(to)-435(enroll)-434(themselves)-435(as)-434(the)-435(subjects)-434(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(Christ's)-338(spiritual)-338(kingdom)-338(had)-338(to)-338(be)-338(formed)-338(into)-338(a)-338(social)-337(orga-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nization.)-401(Unless)-301(this)-300(could)-301(be)-300(effected,)-314(one)-300(of)-300(the)-301(great)-300(objects)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-320(which)-321(the)-320(revelation)-320(was)-320(given)-320(must)-321(have)-320(proved)-320(a)-320(failure.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-301(elements)-302(of)-301(which)-302(it)-301(had)-302(to)-301(be)-302(composed)-301(were)-302(of)-301(the)-301(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unpromising)-209(description.)-236(The)-209(first)-209(converts)-209(consisted)-209(of)-209(no)-208(small)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(number)-295(of)-295(Jews)-294(and)-295(proselytes,)-306(who)-295(were)-295(extensively)-294(leavened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-387(the)-387(narrowest)-386(prejudices)-387(of)-387(Judaism.)-660(When)-387(the)-386(Gentiles)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1480 0 obj << +/Length 4471 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(319)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(began)-437(to)-437(join)-436(the)-437(new)-437(community,)-483(its)-437(members)-437(were)-436(chiefly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(derived)-213(from)-213(the)-213(lower)-213(ranks)-213(of)-213(society,)-220(including)-213(a)-213(considerable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(number)-271(of)-271(slaves.)-313(The)-271(infant)-271(Church)-271(embraced)-271(a)-271(great)-270(diversity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-278(opinions)-278(and)-278(characters.)-334(When)-278(converts)-278(were)-278(made,)-285(the)-277(time)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-387(their)-387(instruction)-387(was)-387(short.)-660(Yet)-387(such)-387(an)-387(institution)-387(had)-386(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contend)-395(with)-396(mighty)-395(civilization,)-431(the)-396(habits)-395(and)-395(prejudices)-395(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existing)-365(society,)-393(the)-365(self-interest)-364(of)-365(a)-365(corrupt)-364(religion,)-394(and)-364(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(opposition)-250(of)-250(a)-250(powerful)-250(government.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td 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[(the)-276(various)-275(functions)-276(which)-275(they)-275(were)-276(called)-275(upon)-276(to)-275(discharge.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(I)-441(subjoin)-441(a)-441(list)-440(of)-441(them,)-489(as)-441(they)-441(are)-441(directly)-441(affirmed)-441(by)-440(St.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Paul)-364(to)-364(be)-363(then)-364(existing)-364(in)-364(the)-364(Corinthian)-363(Church.)-592(They)-363(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nine)-353(in)-352(number,)-378(each)-353(of)-353(which)-352(is)-353(asserted)-352(by)-353(him)-352(to)-353(have)-352(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-326(distinct)-325(and)-326(separate)-326(function)-325(and)-326(subject-matter:)-401(the)-326(gifts)-325(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wisdom,)-469(knowledge,)-469(faith,)-470(working)-425(of)-425(miracles,)-469(endowments)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-288(healing)-287(powers,)-298(prophecy,)-297(discerning)-287(of)-288(spirits,)-297(tongues,)-297(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(produced)-209(no)-210(results)-209(on)-210(external)-209(nature.)-237(They)-209(constituted)-209(enlarge-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ments)-324(of)-324(the)-323(powers)-324(of)-324(the)-324(human)-323(mind.)-472(As)-323(such,)-343(they)-323(cannot)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-319(strict)-318(propriety)-319(be)-318(said)-319(to)-319(belong)-318(to)-319(the)-318(class)-319(of)-318(evidential)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles,)-214(although)-204(like)-205(all)-204(other)-205(supernatural)-204(operations)-205(of)-204(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-353(is)-354(the)-353(Author,)-380(they)-353(cannot)-354(fail)-353(to)-354(be)-353(indirectly)-353(evidential.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-288(is)-287(important)-288(to)-287(observe)-288(that)-287(they)-288(belong)-287(to)-288(a)-287(separate)-288(class)-287(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supernatural)-328(phenomena,)-348(which)-328(were)-329(as)-328(necessary)-328(in)-328(reference)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-213(the)-212(Christian)-213(revelation,)-440(contemplating)-212(as)-213(it)-212(did)-213(the)-212(institution)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([365])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-341(a)-341(divine)-341(society,)-363(as)-341(the)-341(order)-341(of)-341(supernatural)-340(manifestations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-211(directly)-212(attested)-211(the)-212(divine)-211(mission)-212(of)-211(Jesus)-212(Christ)-211(and)-211(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apostles.)-495(If)-332(this)-331(was)-332(their)-331(end)-332(and)-332(purpose)-331(we)-332(can)-331(understand)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(why)-400(they)-400(were)-400(withdrawn)-400(at)-400(a)-400(very)-400(early)-400(period,)-437(before)-400(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(could)-213(be)-213(submitted)-213(to)-213(the)-212(tests)-213(of)-213(our)-213(modern)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 196.647 0 Td [(savants)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.727 0 Td [(.)-238(They)-212(were)]TJ -229.374 -13.549 Td [(given)-242(for)-243(a)-242(special)-243(purpose,)-244(and)-242(they)-242(were)-243(withdrawn)-242(when)-242(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-365(accomplished)-364(it.)-594(The)-364(Apostle)-365(who)-364(affirms)-365(their)-364(existence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(asserts)-353(that)-352(they)-353(were)-352(not)-352(intended)-353(permanently)-352(to)-353(continue)-352(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(Church.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(There)-475(is)-475(one)-475(more)-475(allegation)-475(which)-475(is)-475(occasionally)-474(urged)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(against)-373(the)-372(miracles)-373(of)-372(the)-373(New)-373(Testament,)-403(and)-372(which)-373(I)-372(must)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(briefly)-336(consider.)-509(It)-336(is)-337(alleged)-336(that)-336(pious)-337(frauds)-336(have)-336(been)-336(very)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(general)-211(in)-212(all)-211(ages)-212(of)-211(Christian)-212(history;)-224(that)-211(many)-212(good)-211(men)-211(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-376(hesitated)-377(to)-376(participate)-376(in)-377(them;)-439(and)-377(that)-376(literary)-376(forgeries)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-373(very)-372(abundant)-373(in)-373(the)-372(first)-373(ages)-373(of)-372(Christianity,)-404(and)-372(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-332(common)-331(in)-332(the)-331(days)-332(of)-331(the)-331(Apostles.)-495(It)-331(is)-332(insinuated)-331(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(this)-256(state)-256(of)-256(mind)-256(throws)-256(great)-256(suspicion)-256(on)-256(the)-256(alleged)-256(miracles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(apostolic)-250(age.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1488 0 obj << +/Length 4661 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(321)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -252.311 -30.759 Td [(As)-224(the)-224(charge)-224(of)-225(pious)-224(fraud)-224(is)-224(not)-224(made)-224(against)-224(Jesus)-225(hi)1(mself)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(or)-240(his)-240(immediate)-240(followers,)-242(it)-240(is)-240(difficult)-240(to)-240(meet)-240(so)-240(indefinite)-240(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(objection.)-246(It)-239(seems)-240(to)-239(be)-239(put)-239(in)-239(to)-239(add)-239(force)-239(to)-239(others,)-241(rather)-239(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-211(its)-211(intrinsic)-211(value.)-237(Modern)-211(unbelievers)-211(express)-211(a)-211(nearly)-210(unan-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imous)-314(concurrence)-313(in)-314(endeavouring)-313(to)-314(account)-313(for)-314(the)-313(miracles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-313(the)-313(New)-313(Testament,)-328(by)-313(assuming)-313(that)-313(the)-313(followers)-313(of)-312(Jesus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-183(the)-182(victims)-183(of)-182(the)-183(most)-183(intense)-182(enthusiasm,)-196(superstition,)-196(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(credulity.)-495(It)-332(is)-332(difficult)-332(to)-332(comprehend,)-352(on)-332(the)-332(assumption)-331(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-266(existence)-267(of)-266(the)-266(supernatural)-266(portions)-267(of)-266(the)-266(New)-266(Testament)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-416(due)-416(to)-416(these)-416(causes,)-457(how)-416(direct)-416(fraud)-416(could)-416(have)-416(anything)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-362(do)-361(with)-362(the)-361(concoction)-362(of)-362(these)-361(miraculous)-362(stories.)-584(Intense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enthusiasm)-422(and)-423(fanaticism,)-465(and)-422(deliberate)-422(fraud,)-931(are)-422(usually)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([366])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(opposite)-417(poles)-418(of)-417(character;)-501(and)-417(if)-418(we)-417(call)-417(in)-418(one)-417(to)-417(account)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-319(these)-318(miracles,)-336(we)-318(must)-319(exclude)-318(the)-319(other)-318(from)-319(exerting)-318(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(influence)-304(on)-304(their)-304(origination.)-411(To)-304(make)-304(the)-304(charge)-304(of)-304(any)-303(avail)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(the)-334(New)-334(Testament)-334(originated)-334(in)-334(enthusiasm)-334(and)-334(credulity)-334(is)-333(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(definite)-321(one,)-338(and)-320(can)-321(be)-320(definitely)-321(met.)-462(So)-320(is)-321(the)-320(one)-321(that)-320(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(originated)-332(in)-331(deliberate)-332(fraud.)-495(So)-331(would)-332(be)-332(the)-331(charge)-332(that)-331(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(innocent)-390(followers)-389(of)-390(Jesus)-390(were)-389(imposed)-390(upon)-390(by)-389(fraudulent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impostors.)-282(But)-260(to)-261(combine)-260(the)-260(charge)-261(of)-260(intense)-261(enthusiasm)-260(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(credulity)-367(with)-367(that)-367(of)-367(conscious)-368(fraud,)-396(is)-367(a)-367(mode)-367(of)-367(reasoning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(contains)-250(the)-250(grounds)-250(of)-250(its)-250(own)-250(refutation.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td 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[(true)-355(to)-354(human)-355(nature,)-381(and)-354(to)-355(the)-355(circumstances)-354(of)-355(the)-355(case;)-406(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-286(words,)-295(they)-286(must)-285(be)-286(capable)-286(of)-286(enduring)-286(a)-286(rigid)-285(historical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(verification.)-727(Theories)-410(which)-409(cannot)-409(endure)-409(this)-409(are)-409(no)-409(better)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(than)-340(ropes)-341(of)-340(sand.)-521(This)-340(is)-341(the)-340(character)-340(of)-341(the)-340(theories)-340(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-223(been)-223(propounded)-223(to)-223(account)-223(for)-223(the)-223(Christianity)-223(of)-223(the)-222(New)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Testament.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Let)-402(me)-402(illustrate)-402(this)-402(by)-402(one)-402(of)-402(the)-402(favourite)-402(theories)-402(used)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(by)-353(unbelievers)-353(for)-353(this)-353(purpose.)-560(We)-353(are)-353(told)-353(that)-353(a)-353(number)-353(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extremely)-209(hostile)-209(factions)-209(divided)-209(the)-209(primitive)-209(Church.)-236(Of)-209(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-345(followers)-345(of)-344(James,)-369(Peter,)-369(and)-344(Paul)-345(may)-345(be)-345(taken)-345(as)-344(fairly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(representative.)-565(These)-355(were)-354(in)-355(a)-355(state)-355(of)-355(great)-355(hostility)-355(to)-354(each)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(other,)-288(and)-281(went)-281(on)-280(gradually)-281(elaborating)-281(a)-280(Christianity)-281(that)-280(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-315(conformity)-314(with)-315(their)-314(own)-314(views)-315(and)-314(tastes.)-444(After)-314(a)-315(while)-314(it)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1545 0 obj << +/Length 4507 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(333)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(occurred)-234(to)-234(these)-234(hostile)-234(parties)-234(that)-234(it)-234(would)-234(be)-234(advantageous)-233(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(compromise)-267(their)-267(differences.)-301(An)-267(influential)-267(person,)-271(such)-267(as)-267(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-230(suppose)-229(the)-230(author)-230(of)-230(the)-229(Acts)-230(of)-230(the)-229(Apostles)-230(to)-230(have)-229(been,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(composed)-296(a)-295(history,)-307(for)-296(the)-295(purpose)-296(of)-295(making)-296(matters)-295(smooth,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-278(to)-279(afford)-278(a)-278(common)-279(ground)-278(of)-278(union)-279(among)-278(the)-278(contending)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(factions.)-495(This)-332(process)-331(was)-332(repeated)-332(as)-331(often)-332(as)-332(was)-331(necessary;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-281(in)-281(good)-282(time,)-289(by)-281(the)-281(aid)-281(of)-282(myth)-281(and)-281(legend,)-289(and)-281(the)-281(whole)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-341(the)-341(needful)-341(apparatus,)-364(appeared)-341(the)-341(Christianity)-341(of)-340(the)-341(New)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Testament,)-273(and)-269(the)-269(Church)-269(was)-268(consolidated)-269(out)-269(of)-269(these)-268(varied)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(elements.)]TJ 11.956 -18.458 Td [(Such)-339(theories)-340(grievously)-339(offend)-339(against)-340(the)-339(logic)-339(of)-340(history,)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(and)-320(are)-320(in)-321(direct)-320(variance)-320(with)-320(the)-320(facts)-320(of)-321(human)-320(life.)-460(We)-320(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(here)-433(in)-434(the)-433(midst)-434(of)-433(a)-434(whole)-433(mass)-433(of)-434(conjectural)-433(facts,)-479(each)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-334(which)-334(is)-334(imagined)-334(to)-334(account)-334(for)-334(the)-334(existence)-334(of)-334(the)-333(other;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-334(the)-334(whole)-668(of)-334(them)-334(taken)-334(together)-334(fail)-334(to)-334(give)-334(an)-333(adequate)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([380])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(solution)-458(of)-457(the)-458(phenomena)-458(before)-457(us.)-873(They)-458(are)-458(both)-457(untrue)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-395(human)-394(nature)-395(and)-395(unable)-394(to)-395(account)-395(for)-394(either)-395(the)-395(facts)-394(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christianity)-200(or)-200(the)-200(existence)-200(of)-200(the)-199(Church.)-234(I)-200(must)-200(content)-199(myself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-433(selecting)-434(one)-433(of)-434(them)-433(for)-433(illustration.)-800(We)-434(are)-433(asked)-433(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believe)-235(that)-235(the)-235(Church)-236(was)-235(divided)-235(into)-235(a)-235(number)-235(of)-235(parties,)-238(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(opposition)-349(between)-349(whom)-348(was)-349(violent;)-398(and)-349(that)-349(these)-348(effected)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-275(number)-274(of)-275(compromises,)-281(out)-274(of)-275(which)-274(was)-275(ultimately)-274(evolved)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-321(common)-321(Christianity.)-463(This)-321(result)-321(is)-321(in)-321(direct)-321(contradiction)-320(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-311(testimony)-311(of)-311(the)-310(religious)-311(history)-311(of)-311(man.)-433(Religious)-310(parties)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(do)-299(not)-298(effect)-299(compromises,)-311(but)-298(go)-299(on)-298(contending)-299(and)-298(widening)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-220(differences,)-225(until)-220(their)-219(enthusiasm)-220(wears)-219(out)-220(and)-219(they)-220(die)-219(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inanition.)-334(To)-278(this)-278(the)-278(history)-278(of)-278(all)-278(sects)-278(bears)-278(ample)-278(testimony,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-201(the)-201(greater)-200(the)-201(enthusiasm)-201(and)-200(not)-201(unfrequently)-201(the)-201(lesser)-200(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grounds)-320(of)-320(difference,)-337(the)-320(greater)-319(the)-320(animosity.)-459(Compromises)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(between)-261(hostile)-260(sects,)-264(in)-260(the)-261(rare)-260(cases)-261(in)-261(which)-260(they)-261(have)-260(taken)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(place,)-345(have)-326(been)-326(brought)-326(about)-326(by)-326(means)-326(of)-326(external)-326(coercion.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-248(religious)-247(history)-248(of)-247(mankind)-248(present)1(s)-248(no)-247(example)-248(of)-247(furious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(religious)-283(parties,)-292(while)-283(animated)-283(by)-283(a)-283(living)-283(enthusiasm,)-291(volun-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tarily)-171(coalescing)-172(on)-171(the)-172(general)-171(principle)-171(of)-172(compromise.)-223(Witness)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1550 0 obj << +/Length 4404 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(334)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-398(unsuccessful)-398(attempts)-397(at)-398(compromise)-398(between)-398(the)-397(Eastern)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-264(Western)-265(Churches,)-267(even)-265(when)-264(it)-264(was)-265(urged)-264(by)-264(the)-264(strongest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(external)-478(pressure.)-934(Witness)-478(the)-478(sects)-478(which)-478(grew)-478(out)-478(of)-477(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Reformation.)-609(Compromises)-370(have)-370(frequently)-370(originated)-369(among)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(politicians,)-333(but)-317(these)-317(have)-316(in)-317(vain)-317(tried)-316(their)-317(healing)-316(influences)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-337(contending)-337(sects.)-512(Occasionally)-337(they)-337(have)-337(been)-337(brought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(about)-325(by)-325(the)-324(aid)-325(of)-325(pressure)-325(exerted)-325(by)-324(the)-325(temporal)-325(power,)-343(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-436(the)-437(Church)-436(of)-437(England.)-809(Nothing)-437(more)-436(strongly)-436(illustrates)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-302(difficulty)-303(with)-302(which)-302(compromise)-303(between)-302(religious)-302(parties)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(can)-292(be)-585(effected)-293(than)-292(the)-293(failure)-292(of)-293(the)-292(attempts)-293(to)-292(reconcile)-292(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([381])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Church)-320(of)-320(England)-320(and)-320(the)-320(Methodists.)-460(The)-320(compromiser)-319(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-296(effect)-296(this)-296(union)-296(exists)-295(only)-296(in)-296(the)-296(hopes)-296(of)-296(the)-296(future.)-387(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-266(need)-267(not)-266(confine)-266(ourselves)-266(to)-267(the)-266(manifestations)-266(of)-266(sectarian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirit)-331(in)-330(connection)-331(with)-330(Christianity.)-492(The)-331(Mahometan)-330(Church)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-262(also)-263(divided)-262(by)-262(sectarian)-262(differences.)-287(Is)-263(there)-262(any)-262(tendency)-262(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(produce)-232(a)-232(common)-232(Mahometanism,)-235(erected)-232(on)-232(the)-232(basis)-232(of)-231(com-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(character)-395(of)-394(the)-395(Gospels,)-430(there)-395(is)-394(one)-395(fact)-394(respecting)-395(them)-394(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-443(which)-443(believers)-442(and)-443(unbelievers)-443(must)-443(alike)-442(agree,)-491(namely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-390(they)-389(contain)-390(a)-389(delineation)-390(of)-390(the)-389(most)-390(perfect)-389(conception)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ever)-317(formed)-318(by)-317(the)-317(mind)-318(of)-317(man,)-334(the)-317(character)-318(of)-317(Jesus)-317(Christ.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-205(it)-205(is,)-214(beyond)-204(the)-205(power)-205(of)-205(contradiction;)-220(the)-204(overwhelming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(majority)-433(of)-432(men)-433(possessed)-432(of)-433(the)-433(most)-432(powerful)-433(minds)-432(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(recognized)-389(it)-389(as)-388(the)-389(greatest)-389(of)-389(ideals,)-423(as)-389(well)-389(as)-389(the)-388(millions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(let)-384(us)-384(be)-384(distinctly)-383(informed)-384(how)-384(it)-384(was)-384(put)]TJ -79.862 -13.549 Td [(together;)-273(how)-265(much)-265(of)-265(it)-265(is)-265(fact,)-269(and)-265(how)-265(much)-265(fiction;)-272(how)-265(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fictions)-223(were)-223(welded)-223(together)-222(with)-223(the)-223(facts)-223(so)-223(as)-223(to)-223(compose)-222(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whole;)-247(and)-246(what)-246(class)-246(or)-246(order)-245(of)-246(minds)-246(in)-246(the)-246(early)-246(Church)-245(was)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1563 0 obj << +/Length 4684 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(337)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(equal)-316(to)-316(its)-316(elaboration.)-449(This)-316(delineation)-316(must)-316(have)-316(been)-316(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-283(an)-284(early)-283(period,)-292(and)-283(could)-283(not)-283(have)-284(been)-283(a)-283(late)-284(invention;)-299(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-278(is)-278(substantially)-278(the)-278(same)-278(as)-278(that)-278(contained)-278(in)-278(those)-278(Epistles)-278(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(St.)-511(Paul,)-359(which)-337(are)-337(acknowledged)-337(to)-337(have)-337(been)-336(written)-337(within)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(thirty)-310(years)-311(of)-310(the)-310(date)-310(of)-311(the)-310(Crucifixion.)-431(A)-310(distinct)-310(answer)-310(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-201(questions)-200(is)-201(demanded)-200(of)-201(those)-200(who)-201(affirm)-200(that)-201(the)-200(Gospels)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-228(no)-229(value)-228(as)-228(histories.)-243(It)-228(is)-229(impossible)-228(to)-228(deny)-229(that)-228(they)-228(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-331(most)-332(important)-331(bearing)-332(on)-331(the)-331(present)-332(question.)-494(Why)-331(do)-331(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unbelievers)-250(set)-250(themselves)-250(to)-250(grapple)-250(with)-250(this)-250(problem?)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(But)-191(the)-192(value)-191(to)-191(be)-192(assigned)-191(to)-192(the)-191(Gospels)-191(as)-192(histories)-191(must)-191(be)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(a)-286(matter)-286(for)-286(subsequent)-286(consideration.)-358(At)-286(present)-286(I)-286(need)-285(simply)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(draw)-212(attention)-211(to)-212(the)-211(fact)-212(that)-211(while)-212(the)-211(opponents)-212(of)-211(Christianity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fully)-248(recognize)-247(the)-248(necessity)-248(of)-248(propounding)-247(a)-248(rational)-248(theory)-247(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-310(origin,)-325(the)-310(more)-311(we)-310(examine)-310(their)-310(various)-310(theories)-310(in)-310(detail,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-316(more)-316(apparent)-316(becomes)-315(their)-316(inadequacy)-316(to)-316(account)-316(for)-315(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phenomena.)-244(The)-231(fact,)-235(already)-231(alluded)-231(to,)-235(that)-231(unbelievers)-231(cannot)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(come)-219(to)-219(any)-219(agreement)-219(among)-219(themselves)-219(on)-219(this)-219(subject,)-225(shows)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-341(they)-342(find)-341(the)-341(problem)-342(extremely)-341(difficult)-341(of)-342(solution.)-523(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plausibility)-378(of)-379(their)-378(theories)-378(is)-379(due)-378(to)-378(the)-379(abstract)-378(and)-378(general)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(form)-360(in)-359(which)-360(they)-359(are)-360(presented.)-578(Various)-360(causes)-359(are)-360(held)-359(up)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(without)-243(any)-243(discrimination)-243(as)-243(to)-243(what)-243(each)-243(of)-243(them)-243(is)-243(capable)-242(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effecting;)-240(and)-235(the)-235(wished-for)-234(result)-235(is)-235(ascribed)-235(to)-235(their)-234(combined)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(action.)-228(But)-186(when)-185(we)-185(analyse)-186(the)-185(various)-185(forces)-186(at)-185(their)-185(command,)]TJ 4.143 -13.549 Td [(ascertain)-354(the)-353(mode)-354(of)-354(their)-354(action,)-379(the)-354(difficulties)-354(they)-354(would)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 286.881 0 Td [([385])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(have)-281(to)-281(encounter)-281(before)-281(they)-281(could)-281(effectuate)-282(their)-281(results,)-288(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(examine)-349(whether)-350(they)-349(are)-349(true)-350(to)-349(the)-349(facts)-350(of)-349(human)-349(nature)-349(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(testified)-342(to)-343(by)-342(the)-343(long)-342(course)-342(of)-343(history,)-365(it)-343(is)-342(not)-343(too)-342(much)-342(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(affirm)-272(that)-271(all)-272(the)-271(investigations)-272(of)-271(unbelievers)-272(have)-271(completely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(failed)-278(to)-279(give)-278(an)-278(account)-279(of)-278(the)-278(origin)-279(of)-278(Christianity)-278(which)-278(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(take)-332(the)-332(place)-331(of)-332(that)-332(handed)-332(down)-331(to)-332(us)-332(by)-331(the)-332(Church.)-495(Until)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-225(can)-226(be)-225(given,)-230(notwithstanding)-225(all)-226(the)-225(expenditure)-225(of)-225(intellect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-356(the)-356(question,)-383(we)-356(are)-357(justified)-356(in)-356(affirming)-356(that)-356(the)-356(problem)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-240(insoluble,)-241(although)-240(Christianity)-240(originated)-239(in)-240(a)-240(period)-239(unques-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tionably)-214(historical,)-220(in)-214(the)-213(midst)-214(of)-213(the)-214(Roman)-213(Empire)-214(over)-213(which)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1567 0 obj << +/Length 4681 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(338)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(it)-323(rapidly)-322(spread,)-341(despite)-323(the)-322(opposition)-323(of)-322(the)-323(government)-322(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(entire)-250(organization)-250(of)-250(society.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(Before)-343(proceeding)-343(to)-343(the)-343(direct)-343(considerations)-343(by)-343(which)-343(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(great)-251(fact)-250(of)-251(Christianity)-251(is)-250(attested,)-251(I)-251(must)-250(take)-251(a)-251(general)-250(glance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-347(the)-346(nature)-347(of)-347(the)-346(materials)-347(which)-347(we)-346(have)-347(at)-347(our)-346(command,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(at)-250(their)-250(historical)-250(value.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-358(shall)-357(take)-358(as)-358(my)-358(starting-point)-357(the)-358(five)-358(facts)-358(already)-357(men-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(tioned,)-352(the)-332(historical)-332(certainty)-332(of)-331(which)-332(it)-332(is)-332(needless)-332(to)-331(prove.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(My)-342(starting-point,)-365(therefore,)-366(is)-342(the)-342(continuous)-342(existence)-342(of)-342(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Church,)-362(which)-340(came)-340(into)-340(being)-340(at)-340(a)-340(definite)-339(period)-340(of)-340(time,)-362(to)]TJ 0 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[(pose)-336(of)-337(estimating)-336(the)-337(value)-336(of)-337(their)-336(testimony)-337(on)-336(this)-336(subject.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Even)-319(if)-319(some)-637(of)-319(these)-319(writings)-318(are)-319(not)-319(allowed)-319(by)-318(unbelievers)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([386])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(to)-240(be)-240(the)-241(productions)-240(of)-240(the)-240(persons)-241(whose)-240(names)-240(they)-240(bear,)-242(still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-315(are)-315(all)-315(of)-315(a)-315(very)-315(early)-315(date,)-331(and)-315(unquestionably)-315(reflect)-315(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thoughts)-275(and)-275(ideas)-276(of)-275(those)-275(who)-275(wrote)-275(them,)-282(and)-275(of)-275(the)-275(persons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-224(whom)-224(they)-223(are)-224(addressed.)-242(But)-223(before)-224(I)-224(enter)-224(on)-224(my)-223(immediate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subject,)-356(it)-334(will)-335(be)-334(necessary)-335(to)-334(lay)-335(down)-334(the)-335(leading)-334(principles)]TJ 0 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[(great)-302(fact)-302(of)-302(the)-303(Resurrection)-302(rests,)-315(will)-302(endure)-302(their)-302(most)-302(rigid)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(application.)-556(They)-352(have)-352(this)-351(great)-352(advantage,)-378(that)-352(they)-352(are)-351(laid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(down)-197(for)-197(the)-196(investigation)-197(of)-197(a)-197(subject)-196(purely)-197(secular,)-208(with)-196(which)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1571 0 obj << +/Length 4594 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(339)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(religion)-295(has)-294(nothing)-295(to)-295(do.)-383(They)-295(are)-295(therefore)-294(wholly)-295(free)-294(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-214(bias,)-221(and)-213(are)-214(simply)-213(the)-214(principles)-214(for)-213(testing)-214(the)-213(claims)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-302(ordinary)-302(facts)-302(on)-302(our)-301(belief.)-406(If)-302(the)-302(chief)-302(facts)-302(of)-301(Christianity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-229(stand)-229(this)-229(scrutiny,)-234(it)-229(is)-229(impossible)-229(to)-229(affirm)-229(that)-229(they)-229(are)-229(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(supported)-250(by)-250(the)-250(strongest)-250(historical)-250(testimony.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(1.)-240(Every)-219(alleged)-219(fact,)-225(in)-219(order)-219(to)-219(be)-218(entitled)-219(to)-219(our)-219(belief,)-225(must)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(be)-341(shown)-340(to)-341(rest)-341(on)-340(direct)-341(contemporaneous)-341(testimony,)-363(or)-340(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(is)-250(its)-250(historical)-250(equivalent.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(This)-247(rule)-247(is)-248(by)-247(no)-247(means)-247(intended)-247(to)-248(affirm)-247(that)-247(every)-247(fact)-247(for)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(which)-349(contemporaneous)-349(testimony)-348(can)-349(be)-349(adduced)-349(is)-348(true;)-398(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-266(that)-267(it)-266(is)-267(to)-266(be)-266(accepted)-267(as)-266(such)-267(when)-266(there)-266(is)-267(no)-266(reason)-266(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disbelieving)-280(it.)-341(We)-280(must)-281(have)-280(some)-280(means)-280(to)-281(enable)-280(us)-280(to)-280(form)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-415(judgment)-414(of)-415(the)-414(knowledge)-415(and)-414(veracity)-415(of)-414(the)-829(informant.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([387])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(It)-467(remains)-467(for)-467(consideration,)-521(when)-467(the)-467(direct)-467(testimony)-467(of)-466(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(contemporary)-364(is)-364(not)-365(to)-364(be)-364(had,)-393(as)-364(must)-364(be)-364(frequently)-364(the)-364(case)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-329(events)-329(long)-329(past,)-349(what)-329(may)-329(be)-329(considered)-329(as)-329(its)-329(historical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(equivalent?)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td 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[(on)-267(his)-266(guard,)-271(has)-267(carefully)-267(considered)-266(what)-267(he)-267(says,)-271(and)-266(affords)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us)-263(but)-263(little)-263(opportunity)-263(of)-263(interrogating)-263(him.)-289(But)-263(the)-263(writer)-263(of)-263(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(letter,)-228(unless)-222(he)-222(has)-222(special)-222(reasons)-222(for)-222(being)-222(guarded,)-227(places)-222(be-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fore)-251(his)-251(correspondent)-251(his)-251(entire)-251(mind.)-253(We)-251(are)-251(therefore)-250(capable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-336(interrogating)-336(him.)-508(He)-336(often)-336(lets)-336(us)-336(into)-336(the)-336(secret)-336(causes)-335(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(events.)-247(He)-242(also)-242(makes)-241(a)-242(number)-242(of)-241(incidental)-242(allusions)-242(to)-241(events)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-185(are)-185(passing.)-229(These)-185(form)-185(testimony)-185(of)-185(a)-185(most)-185(valuable)-185(kind.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(traced)-281(up)-280(to)-281(a)-281(particular)-280(period,)-289(and)-280(which)-281(owed)-281(their)-280(existence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-234(events)-235(of)-234(that)-235(period.)-245(These)-234(form)-235(a)-234(species)-235(of)-234(living)-234(witnesses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-242(the)-242(truth)-242(of)-241(the)-242(facts)-242(out)-242(of)-242(which)-242(they)-241(have)-242(originated,)-244(and)-241(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(far)-215(as)-215(their)-215(testimony)-215(goes,)-222(it)-215(is)-214(incapable)-215(of)-215(falsehood.)-239(The)-214(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(valuable)-389(testimony)-389(of)-389(this)-390(kind)-389(is)-389(a)-389(great)-389(institution)-389(of)-389(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-421(possess)-420(definite)-421(evidence)-420(that)-420(it)-421(originated)-420(in)-421(a)-420(particular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(event,)-358(or)-336(in)-336(the)-337(belief)-336(of)-336(it.)-509(This)-337(kind)-336(of)-336(evidence)-336(Christianity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(sufficient)-267(care.)-300(We)-267(are)-267(always)-267(justified)-266(in)-267(assuming)-267(that)-267(he)-266(tells)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(truth)-250(unless)-250(there)-250(are)-250(reasons)-250(for)-250(suspecting)-250(the)-250(contrary.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(3.)-888(Narratives)-462(of)-463(events)-462(which)-463(a)-462(man)-463(has)-462(heard)-463(from)-462(his)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(father)-219(or)-220(his)-219(contemporaries,)-226(but)-219(which)-219(happened)-220(before)-219(his)-219(own)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recollection,)-390(are)-361(for)-362(the)-362(purpose)-362(of)-361(history,)-390(\050but)-362(subject)-362(to)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(requisite)-235(qualifications\051)-235(fair)-235(representations)-235(of)-234(contemporaneous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(testimony.)]TJ 11.956 -15.185 Td [(History)-397(admits)-397(hearsay)-397(testimony)-397(under)-397(proper)-397(rest)1(rictions.)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td 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[(If)-382(they)-382(will)-382(not)-382(endure)-382(this,)-415(they)-382(must)-382(be)-382(rejected.)-645(Historical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conjectures)-272(have)-272(no)-272(higher)-272(claims)-272(for)-272(acceptance)-272(than)-272(scientific)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ones.)-622(Both)-374(must)-374(be)-374(subject)-374(to)-374(the)-374(same)-374(tests,)-405(and)-374(must)-373(share)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-370(same)-370(fate.)-611(I)-370(do)-370(not)-370(deny)-371(that)-370(many)-370(such)-370(conjectures)-370(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-218(a)-437(considerable)-218(degree)-219(of)-218(plausibility;)-229(but,)-225(unless)-218(we)-218(rigidly)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([392])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(reject)-228(from)-228(the)-228(rank)-228(of)-228(historic)-228(facts)-228(those)-228(that)-228(break)-228(down)-228(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(test)-258(of)-259(verification,)-261(histories)-258(will)-259(be)-259(converted)-258(into)-259(novels)-258(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(poems.)-248(If)-244(our)-244(knowledge)-245(of)-244(the)-244(connecting)-244(links)-244(between)-244(events)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-237(the)-238(history)-237(of)-237(the)-238(past)-237(has)-237(perished,)-240(we)-237(shall)-238(not)-237(improve)-237(it)-237(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagining)-250(facts,)-250(and)-250(calling)-250(the)-250(result)-250(by)-250(the)-250(name)-250(of)-250(history.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(We)-313(cannot)-312(be)-313(too)-312(guarded)-313(in)-312(this)-313(particular)-312(subject,)-328(because)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(an)-241(almost)-242(boundless)-241(license)-242(has)-241(been)-241(introduced)-242(into)-241(the)-241(present)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1593 0 obj << +/Length 2676 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(344)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(controversy.)-231(Pure)-192(creations)-193(of)-192(the)-193(imagination,)-204(which)-192(it)-193(is)-192(impos-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sible)-280(to)-281(verify,)-288(are)-280(constantly)-281(propounded)-280(as)-280(facts)-281(in)-280(the)-280(history)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-328(the)-328(past.)-484(I)-328(by)-328(no)-328(means)-328(wish)-328(to)-328(deny)-328(that)-328(both)-328(parties)-328(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plead)-365(guilty)-364(to)-365(the)-364(charge)-365(of)-364(this)-365(species)-364(of)-365(historical)-364(forgery.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-239(fact)-239(may)-238(be)-239(unpleasant,)-241(but)-239(we)-239(shall)-238(do)-239(no)-239(good)-239(by)-238(refusing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-227(recognize)-227(it.)-242(When)-227(the)-227(knowledge)-227(of)-227(past)-227(events)-227(has)-227(perished,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-220(our)-220(conjectures)-219(break)-220(down)-220(under)-219(the)-220(test)-220(of)-220(verification,)-225(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-250(nothing)-250(to)-250(do)-250(but)-250(to)-250(remain)-250(content)-250(with)-250(our)-250(ignorance.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(If)-355(these)-355(principles)-355(are)-355(correct,)-381(a)-355(considerable)-355(number)-355(of)-354(re-)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(cently)-304(published)-304(lives)-305(of)-304(Jesus,)-318(and)-304(other)-304(similar)-304(compositions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-397(no)-397(claim)-397(to)-396(the)-397(designation)-397(of)-397(historical)-397(writings.)-690(They)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-365(mere)-365(novels)-365(evolved)-365(out)-365(of)-365(the)-365(self-consciousness)-365(of)-365(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(authors.)-868(They)-456(are)-456(nothing)-456(but)-456(simple)-456(imaginations)-456(of)-455(what,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-340(certain)-341(conjectural)-340(circumstances,)-363(might)-340(have)-340(happened,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(but)-346(are)-345(destitute)-346(of)-346(all)-345(evidence)-346(that)-345(they)-346(actually)-346(occurred.)-536(If)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(history)-286(is)-285(thus)-286(degraded,)-295(it)-285(must)-286(become)-286(devoid)-285(of)-286(all)-285(scientific)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(value.)-398(I)-299(have)-299(pressed)-299(this)-299(point)-300(because)-299(nowhere)-299(is)-299(this)-299(license)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-287(conjectural)-286(guessing)-287(at)-287(events)-287(more)-286(largely)-287(indulged)-287(in,)-295(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(questions)-250(connected)-250(with)-250(the)-250(Bible)-250(and)-250(its)-250(criticism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 -29.64 Td [([393])]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1601 0 obj << +/Length 3275 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 18.9589 Tf 46.771 479.321 Td [(Chapter)-256(XVIII.)-256(The)-256(Testimony)-256(Of)]TJ 0 -24.647 Td [(The)-264(Church,)-268(And)-264(Of)-264(St.)-293(Paul's)]TJ 0 -24.646 Td [(Epistles,)-254(To)-253(The)-253(Facts)-254(Of)-253(Primitive)]TJ 0 -24.647 Td [(Christianity.)-260(Their)-253(Historical)-253(Value)]TJ 0 -24.646 Td [(Considered.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 0 -41.745 Td [(I)-462(have)-462(in)-462(the)-462(preceding)-462(chapter)-462(drawn)-462(attention)-462(to)-462(the)-461(chief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(principles)-213(of)-213(historical)-213(evidence,)-220(and)-213(to)-213(the)-213(importance)-213(of)-213(certain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(classes)-401(of)-401(historical)-401(documents;)-476(also)-401(to)-401(the)-401(important)-400(bearing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-482(the)-482(continued)-482(existence)-482(of)-482(a)-482(great)-482(institution)-482(like)-482(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christian)-269(Church)-270(has)-269(on)-269(this)-270(subject,)-274(especially)-269(as)-270(its)-269(origin)-269(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-257(traced)-256(up)-257(to)-256(a)-257(definite)-256(period)-257(of)-256(history.)-270(I)-256(have)-257(further)-256(shown)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-307(as)-308(the)-307(Church)-307(gives)-307(a)-308(definite)-307(account)-307(of)-308(its)-307(origin,)-321(which,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-322(true,)-341(is)-322(an)-323(adequate)-322(one;)-358(it)-323(is)-322(incumbent)-322(on)-323(those)-322(who)-322(reject)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-373(account)-373(to)-372(propound)-373(another)-373(which)-372(shall)-373(be)-373(able)-373(to)-372(stand)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-239(application)-240(of)-239(the)-239(principles)-240(of)-239(a)-239(sound)-240(philosophy)-239(of)-239(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature.)-273(I)-258(must)-257(now)-258(consider)-257(the)-258(evidence)-258(which)-257(the)-258(existence)-257(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-309(Church)-309(as)-309(a)-308(visible)-309(institution,)-324(and)-309(the)-308(Epistles)-309(of)-309(St.)-426(Paul,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(afford)-250(to)-250(the)-250(great)-250(facts)-250(on)-250(which)-250(Christianity)-250(is)-250(based.)]TJ 11.956 -15.414 Td [(If)-369(it)-368(can)-369(be)-369(proved)-369(beyond)-368(question)-369(that)-369(the)-369(Church)-368(imme-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(diately)-339(after)-340(it)-339(assumed)-339(a)-340(distinctive)-339(form)-339(not)-340(only)-339(believed)-339(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-232(Resurrection)-231(of)-232(Jesus)-232(Christ,)-235(as)-232(one)-231(among)-232(many)-231(miraculous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(facts,)-395(but)-366(affirmed)-366(that)-367(the)-366(belief)-366(in)-366(its)-366(truth)-366(was)-366(the)-366(one)-366(sole)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ground)-389(of)-389(its)-389(corporate)-388(existence,)-424(within)-389(a)-389(very)-389(short)-388(interval)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-364(the)-364(date)-364(of)-364(His)-364(crucifixion,)-393(it)-364(must)-364(be)-364(admitted,)-392(even)-364(by)]TJ 4.003 -13.55 Td [(unbelievers,)-396(to)-367(involve)-367(a)-367(question)-367(of)-367(the)-367(most)-367(serious)-367(impor-)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 287.021 0 Td [([394])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(tance.)-598(It)-366(proves)-366(for)-366(certain)-366(that)-366(the)-366(belief)-366(in)-366(one)-366(miracle,)-394(and)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 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[(during)-266(His)-265(life.)-297(The)-266(solution)-265(which)-266(unbelievers)-265(propound)-266(as)-265(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(account)-251(of)-250(the)-251(origin)-251(of)-250(the)-251(miraculous)-251(narratives)-250(in)-251(the)-250(Gospels)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-410(that)-410(they)-410(are)-409(a)-410(gradual)-410(creation)-410(of)-410(a)-410(mythic)-410(and)-409(legendary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirit.)-564(Hence)-354(their)-355(efforts)-354(to)-355(assign)-354(them)-355(to)-354(the)-355(latest)-354(possible)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(date.)-884(If)-462(their)-461(publication)-462(can)-461(be)-462(deferred)-461(to)-462(the)-461(early)-461(years)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-340(the)-340(second)-340(century,)-363(they)-340(consider)-340(that)-340(this)-340(would)-340(afford)-340(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(requisite)-362(time)-361(for)-362(surrounding)-361(the)-362(history)-361(of)-362(Jesus)-361(with)-362(a)-361(halo)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-364(mythic)-364(and)-364(legendary)-364(environment.)-591(But)-364(if)-364(it)-364(can)-364(be)-363(shown)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-269(the)-268(new-born)-269(Christian)-269(Church,)-273(within)-269(a)-268(short)-269(interval)-268(after)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-253(Crucifixion,)-255(affirmed)-253(that)-253(the)-254(sole)-253(ground)-253(of)-254(its)-253(renewed)-253(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-302(the)-302(belief)-302(in)-302(the)-302(Resurrection)-302(of)-302(its)-302(founder,)-315(the)-301(possibility)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-362(such)-362(belief)-362(could)-361(have)-362(been)-362(either)-362(mythic)-362(or)-362(legendary)-361(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taken)-259(away.)-278(Whatever)-259(may)-260(be)-259(urged)-259(about)-259(the)-260(other)-259(parts)-259(of)-259(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(story,)-414(there)-380(remains)-381(one)-381(miracle)-381(\050and)-381(that)-381(the)-381(greatest)-381(of)-380(all\051,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-237(it)-236(is)-237(impossible)-236(to)-237(affirm)-236(to)-237(have)-236(been)-237(either)-236(a)-237(mythical)-236(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-224(legendary)-224(creation.)-241(If)-224(the)-224(Church)-224(accepted)-224(it)-224(as)-224(the)-224(sole)-224(ground)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-268(its)-268(existence,)-273(and)-268(if)-268(that)-268(belief)-268(can)-268(be)-268(traced)-268(to)-268(the)-268(hour)-268(of)-268(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(birth,)-315(it)-303(must)-302(have)-302(been)-303(due)-302(either)-302(to)-303(some)-302(species)-302(of)-302(delusion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-351(to)-350(a)-351(fact.)-551(If)-350(Jesus)-351(was)-350(thus)-351(believed)-350(to)-351(have)-350(risen)-351(from)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dead,)-313(it)-301(is)-301(useless)-300(to)-301(assign)-301(the)-300(belief)-301(in)-301(His)-300(other)-301(miracles)-301(to)-300(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(later)-250(legendary)-250(spirit.)]TJ 11.956 -18.458 Td [(But)-249(further:)-250(The)-249(Church,)-250(within)-249(a)-249(short)-250(number)-249(of)-249(years)-249(from)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(the)-352(date)-353(of)-352(its)-353(birth,)-378(must)-352(have)-352(had)-353(all)-352(the)-705(consciousness)-352(that)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([395])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(it)-370(was)-370(a)-370(young)-370(society.)-611(It)-370(was)-370(engaged)-370(in)-370(a)-370(constant)-370(struggle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-357(existence,)-383(and)-356(had)-357(before)-356(it)-357(the)-356(alternative)-356(of)-357(enlarging)-356(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(numbers,)-332(or)-315(perishing.)-447(A)-315(new)-316(society)-315(constantly)-316(struggling)-315(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence)-329(could)-328(not)-329(fail)-329(within)-328(this)-329(interval)-329(of)-328(time)-329(to)-329(have)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(most)-369(lively)-369(consciousness)-369(of)-369(what)-369(it)-369(was)-369(to)-369(which)-369(it)-369(owed)-368(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(origin,)-241(and)-239(which)-240(formed)-239(the)-239(bond)-239(of)-239(union)-239(among)-239(its)-239(members.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1610 0 obj << +/Length 4692 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(347)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(It)-267(must)-266(have)-267(been)-267(to)-267(them)-266(a)-267(constantly)-267(recurring)-266(thought.)-300(Every)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-330(must)-329(have)-330(known)-329(that)-330(it)-330(was)-329(an)-330(alleged)-329(miraculous)-330(fact,)-349(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supposed)-357(Resurrection)-357(of)-356(one)-357(who)-357(had)-357(been)-356(crucified.)-571(Was)-356(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possible)-228(for)-228(the)-227(members)-228(of)-228(such)-228(a)-227(society)-228(to)-228(avoid)-228(looking)-227(back)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-342(anxiety)-343(on)-342(the)-342(alleged)-343(ground)-342(of)-342(its)-343(existence?)-527(It)-342(was)-342(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dogma)-364(capable)-364(of)-364(endless)-364(discussion,)-392(but)-364(a)-364(fact.)-592(The)-364(bond)-363(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(union)-359(was)-360(allegiance)-359(to)-359(a)-359(living)-360(person.)-578(Is)-359(it)-359(conceivable)-359(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-239(person)-238(was)-239(not)-238(the)-239(object)-239(of)-238(daily)-239(interest)-238(to)-239(its)-239(members,)-240(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-233(they)-233(did)-232(not)-233(make)-233(His)-233(history)-232(the)-233(subject)-233(of)-233(earnest)-232(inquiry?)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Can)-253(we)-253(suppose)-253(for)-254(one)-253(moment)-253(that)-253(any)-253(of)-253(them)-253(were)-253(ignorant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-379(or)-380(had)-379(forgotten)-379(the)-380(grounds)-379(on)-379(which)-380(they)-379(had)-379(joined)-379(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(new)-434(community,)-480(or)-434(which)-435(formed)-434(the)-434(basis)-434(of)-434(its)-434(life?)-802(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recollections)-256(of)-257(the)-256(members)-256(of)-256(a)-256(society)-257(which)-256(is)-256(only)-256(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(twenty)-250(and)-250(thirty)-250(years)-250(old)-250(must)-250(be)-250(fresh.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(But)-224(it)-225(may)-224(be)-225(said,)-229(these)-225(people)-224(were)-225(very)-224(credulous.)-242(Be)-224(it)-224(so.)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Credulous)-369(people)-369(placed)-368(in)-369(the)-369(circumstances)-369(of)-369(the)-368(Christian)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Church)-406(are)-405(never)-406(deficient)-406(in)-406(curiosity.)-717(Even)-405(if)-406(the)-406(belief)-405(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-389(Resurrection)-389(of)-388(Jesus)-389(had)-389(originated)-389(in)-388(credulity,)-424(the)-388(first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(principles)-258(of)-258(human)-258(nature)-259(would)-258(have)-258(urged)-258(them)-258(to)-258(get)-258(all)-258(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(which)-276(it)-276(was)-276(founded.)-328(It)-276(is)-276(impossible)-276(for)-276(members)-276(of)-276(a)-276(society)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whose)-412(origin)-412(was)-412(so)-411(recent)-412(to)-412(have)-412(remained)-412(ignorant)-412(of)-411(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(circumstances)-261(which)-261(gave)-260(it)-261(birth.)-282(They)-261(must)-261(have)-261(been)-260(handed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(down)-355(by)-355(a)-354(lively)-355(tradition.)-564(I)-355(conclude)-355(therefore,)-381(that)-355(it)-354(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-399(been)-398(simply)-399(impossible)-399(for)-399(the)-398(members)-399(of)-399(the)-398(Church,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(within)-260(this)-260(short)-261(time,)-262(to)-260(be)-261(mistaken)-260(as)-260(to)-260(whether)-260(its)-260(existence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-232(continued)-232(life)-232(was)-232(due)-232(to)-232(the)-232(belief)-232(that)-232(its)-232(founder)-232(had)-232(risen)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(labouring)-281(under)-280(a)-281(delusion,)-288(it)-280(proves)-281(that)-280(the)-281(Apostle)-280(possessed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-273(power)-273(of)-272(discrimination)-273(which)-273(is)-272(not)-273(exhibited)-273(by)-273(an)-272(ordinary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enthusiast)-250(or)-250(fanatic.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(A)-287(distinction)-287(which)-287(St.)-362(Paul)-287(affirms)-287(to)-287(have)-287(existed)-287(between)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(two)-301(of)-301(these)-301(gifts,)-314(viz.)-404(between)-301(the)-301(gifts)-301(of)-301(healing)-301(and)-301(of)-301(mir-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acles,)-332(deserves)-316(special)-316(attention.)-447(That)-315(a)-316(real)-316(distinction)-315(existed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(between)-309(them)-309(is)-309(affirmed)-310(three)-309(times)-309(over)-309(in)-309(the)-309(same)-309(chapter.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Both)-362(of)-361(these)-362(gifts,)-390(according)-361(to)-362(our)-362(present)-361(mode)-362(of)-361(viewing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-425(subject,)-468(would)-425(be)-425(confounded)-425(under)-425(the)-425(designation)-425(of)-424(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-372(of)-372(working)-372(miracles.)-616(But)-372(it)-372(is)-372(clear)-372(from)-372(the)-372(Apostle's)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(statement,)-225(that)-219(he,)-225(and)-218(those)-219(to)-219(whom)-218(he)-219(wrote,)-225(saw)-219(an)-218(apprecia-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ble)-285(distinction)-286(between)-285(them.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 133.51 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(To)-285(another,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 50.675 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.956 0 Td [(says)-285(he,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 38.13 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(are)-285(given)]TJ -239.959 -13.55 Td [(the)-345(gifts)-344(of)-345(healing)-344(by)-345(the)-344(same)-345(Spirit;)-392(to)-344(another)-345(the)-344(working)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-315(miracles.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 52.207 0 Td [(\035)-315(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.12 0 Td [(But)-315(all)-314(these)-315(worketh)-315(that)-314(one)-315(and)-315(the)-314(self-same)]TJ -65.327 -13.549 Td [(Spirit,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 30.767 0 Td [(dividing)-328(to)-328(every)-328(man)-327(severally)-328(as)-328(he)-328(will)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 187.439 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 2.727 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.42 0 Td [(\0501)-328(Cor.)-483(xii.)]TJ -229.353 -13.549 Td [(9-11.\051)-338(Again,)-287(in)-280(summing)-279(up)-279(their)-280(relative)-279(importance,)-287(he)-279(says:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(thirdly)-260(teachers,)-261(after)-260(that)-259(miracles,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 157.804 0 Td [(then)-259(gifts)-260(of)-260(healing)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 87.289 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 2.728 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.674 0 Td [(\050ver.)]TJ -260.339 -13.55 Td [(28\051;)-399(and)-349(again,)-374(as)-349(qualifying)-349(individuals)-349(for)-349(particular)-349(offices:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Are)-262(all)-263(apostles?)-287(are)-262(all)-263(prophets?)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 151.613 0 Td [(are)-262(all)-263(workers)-262(of)-263(miracles?)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1684 0 obj << +/Length 4721 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(364)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G +/F31 10.9091 Tf 0 -30.759 Td [(Have)-381(all)-382(the)-381(gifts)-382(of)-381(healing?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 134.14 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.005 0 Td [(\050ver.)-644(29,)-415(30.\051)-644(Now)-381(although)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -215.9 0 Td [([415])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(we)-359(may)-359(deny)-359(that)-359(these)-359(phenomena)-359(were)-359(supernatural)-359(in)-358(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character,)-484(it)-438(is)-438(plain)-437(that)-438(there)-437(must)-438(have)-437(been)-438(something)-437(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence)-371(in)-370(this)-371(Church)-371(corresponding)-371(to)-370(them,)-401(and)-371(of)-370(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(they)-266(were)-265(the)-266(supposed)-266(manifestation.)-297(The)-265(Apostle)-266(and)-266(those)-265(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whom)-250(be)-250(wrote)-250(evidently)-250(understood)-250(one)-250(another.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(What)-341(this)-342(distinction)-341(was)-342(it)-341(is)-342(now)-341(impossible)-342(accurately)-341(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(determine.)-243(As)-227(I)-227(have)-228(already)-227(observed,)-232(it)-228(probably)-227(had)-227(reference)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-273(a)-273(higher)-273(and)-272(lower)-273(class)-273(of)-273(miracles;)-284(those)-273(which)-273(were)-273(in)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(proper)-177(sense)-177(evidential;)-201(and)-177(those)-177(which)-177(might)-177(in)-177(various)-177(degrees)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-282(resembled)-282(the)-283(act)-282(mentioned)-282(by)-282(St.)-347(James,)-290(the)-282(anointing)-282(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sick)-321(man)-321(with)-320(oil)-321(in)-321(the)-321(name)-321(of)-321(the)-320(Lord,)-339(the)-321(offering)-320(fervent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prayer)-343(for)-343(his)-343(recovery,)-366(and)-343(the)-343(gradual)-343(cure)-343(of)-343(his)-343(complaint.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Such)-480(would)-481(belong)-480(to)-480(a)-481(lower)-480(class)-480(of)-481(miracles)-480(to)-480(which)-480(I)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-311(elsewhere)-312(al)1(luded,)-327(as)-311(rather)-312(fitted)-311(to)-311(procure)-311(a)-311(favourable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(attention)-306(to)-306(the)-306(missionary)-306(than)-306(for)-306(evidential)-306(purposes.)-418(Be)-305(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinction)-359(what)-359(it)-359(may,)-386(and)-359(even)-359(supposing)-359(that)-359(St.)-577(Paul)-359(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-377(Corinthians)-378(were)-377(under)-377(a)-377(delusion)-378(as)-377(to)-377(their)-377(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character,)-246(it)-245(is)-246(plain)-245(that)-245(some)-245(real)-246(difference,)-246(which)-245(was)-245(clearly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinguishable,)-208(must)-197(have)-198(existed)-197(in)-198(the)-197(outward)-197(manifestations.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(This)-305(is)-305(a)-305(fact)-305(of)-305(very)-305(considerable)-305(importance,)-319(as)-305(it)-304(proves)-305(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(both)-399(the)-400(Apostle)-399(and)-400(the)-399(Corinthians)-399(were)-400(in)-399(a)-400(state)-399(of)-399(mind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-297(which)-298(they)-297(were)-297(capable)-297(of)-298(exercising)-297(a)-297(clear)-297(discrimination)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(between)-351(these)-350(gifts,)-376(which)-351(is)-351(the)-351(last)-350(thing)-351(of)-351(which)-350(visionary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(credulous)-250(enthusiasts)-250(ever)-250(think.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(6.)-741(These)-414(gifts)-414(were)-414(likewise)-413(clearly)-414(separate)-414(in)-414(respect)-413(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-431(subject-matter)-432(on)-431(which)-431(they)-431(operated.)-794(The)-431(Apostle)-431(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-231(Corinthians)-231(supposed)-231(that)-231(they)-231(communicated)-231(a)-230(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(illumination)-241(of)-240(some)-241(kind;)-244(but)-241(the)-240(illumination)-241(conferred)-241(by)-240(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-238(leave)-238(the)-238(possessor)-237(completely)-238(in)-238(the)-238(dark)-238(with)-238(respect)-475(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([416])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-211(special)-211(subject-matter)-210(of)-211(the)-211(other.)-237(This)-211(is)-211(definitely)-210(affirmed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-296(respect)-296(to)-296(the)-295(gift)-296(of)-296(tongues,)-307(and)-296(interpretation.)-388(A)-295(person)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(might)-339(possess)-340(the)-339(former)-340(and)-339(yet)-340(be)-339(altogether)-340(destitute)-339(of)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(latter.)-342(There)-280(can)-281(be)-280(no)-280(doubt)-281(that)-280(the)-281(same)-280(analogy)-281(ran)-280(through)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1689 0 obj << +/Length 4741 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(365)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(them)-356(all.)-567(This)-356(is)-356(affirmed)-356(when)-356(St.)-567(Paul)-356(asserts)-356(that)-356(all)-355(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gifts)-274(were)-273(the)-274(work)-274(of)-274(one)-273(and)-274(the)-274(same)-273(Spirit)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 206.793 0 Td [(dividing)-274(to)-273(every)]TJ -206.793 -13.549 Td [(man)-422(severally)-421(as)-422(he)-422(will)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 117.55 0 Td [(\0501)-422(Cor.)-765(xii\051,)-464(and)-422(is)-422(implied)-421(by)-422(the)]TJ -117.55 -13.549 Td [(comparison)-299(which)-300(he)-299(institutes)-299(between)-300(them)-299(and)-299(the)-299(members)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-408(the)-408(human)-408(body)-408(and)-407(their)-408(respective)-408(functions.)-724(Thus:)-565(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-359(of)-358(seeing)-359(furnishes)-358(no)-359(information)-359(in)-358(matters)-359(of)-358(sound;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nor)-299(the)-298(latter)-299(on)-299(the)-298(perceptions)-299(we)-299(derive)-298(through)-299(the)-299(sense)-298(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(smell.)-231(Equally)-193(functional)-192(were)-193(these)-193(gifts,)-204(each)-193(being)-193(confined)-192(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-276(own)-276(proper)-276(subject-matter.)-328(If)-276(the)-276(idea)-276(was)-276(that)-276(the)-276(possessor)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-384(an)-383(inspiration,)-417(as)-383(far)-384(as)-383(respects)-384(the)-383(subject-matter)-384(of)-383(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gift,)-333(it)-317(conferred)-317(on)-317(him)-316(no)-317(supernatural)-317(knowledge)-317(on)-316(matters)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(outside)-404(its)-404(special)-405(function.)-712(Thus)-404(a)-405(man)-404(who)-404(had)-404(the)-404(gift)-404(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tongues)-292(might)-293(remain)-292(perfectly)-293(ignorant)-292(of)-293(the)-292(interpretation)-292(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them,)-270(if)-266(he)-266(had)-266(not)-266(the)-266(latter)-266(gift.)-298(One)-266(who)-266(possessed)-266(the)-266(power)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-233(discerning)-233(of)-233(spirits)-232(might)-233(have)-233(been)-233(destitute)-233(of)-233(the)-233(power)-232(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(working)-253(miracles.)-259(One)-252(who)-253(had)-253(the)-253(gift)-253(of)-253(prophecy)-253(might)-252(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-210(no)-211(illumination)-210(with)-211(respect)-210(to)-210(that)-211(special)-210(knowledge)-210(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-427(conferred)-428(by)-427(the)-427(gift)-428(of)-427(wisdom.)-782(The)-427(inspiration)-427(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-425(supposed)-425(to)-426(be)-425(conferred)-425(by)-425(them,)-469(conferred)-425(no)-425(general)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(infallibility)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 49.102 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(it)-209(was)-208(strictly)-209(functional)-209(and)-208(did)-209(not)-209(extend)-208(beyond)]TJ -60.011 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(limits)-250(of)-250(the)-250(gift.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(All)-274(these)-274(points)-275(are)-274(of)-274(the)-274(highest)-275(importance)-274(in)-274(an)-274(historical)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(point)-202(of)-201(view.)-234(Whether)-201(we)-202(think)-202(that)-201(St.)-234(Paul)-201(and)-202(the)-201(Corinthians)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were,)-229(or)-225(were)-224(not,)-229(under)-224(delusions)-225(about)-224(this)-224(matter,)-229(they)-224(clearly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prove)-245(that)-245(there)-245(must)-246(have)-245(been)-245(phenomena)-245(of)-245(some)-245(kind)-245(which)]TJ 4.283 -13.549 Td [(were)-393(supposed)-392(to)-393(be)-392(the)-393(results)-393(of)-392(the)-393(gifts)-392(in)-393(question;)-464(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 286.741 0 Td [([417])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(that)-211(the)-210(persons)-211(who)-210(believed)-211(that)-211(they)-210(possessed)-211(them)-210(exercised)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-377(discriminating)-376(judgment)-377(respecting)-377(them.)-630(It)-376(is)-377(no)-377(less)-376(clear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-362(they)-361(did)-362(believe)-361(that)-361(they)-362(actually)-361(possessed)-362(them.)-584(Some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-306(them)-306(were)-306(of)-307(such)-306(a)-306(nature)-306(that)-306(it)-306(is)-306(difficult)-306(to)-306(comprehend)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(how)-276(the)-276(possessor)-276(could)-276(be)-276(under)-276(delusion)-276(on)-276(the)-276(subject.)-327(Take)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-281(example)-281(the)-281(power)-281(of)-281(discerning)-281(spirits.)-343(Once)-281(the)-280(possessor)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-304(it)-304(not.)-411(Afterwards)-304(he)-304(must)-303(have)-304(believed)-304(that)-304(he)-303(possessed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-304(supernatural)-304(insight)-303(into)-304(the)-304(character)-304(of)-304(others.)-411(It)-304(is)-303(difficult)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1693 0 obj << +/Length 4745 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(366)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-240(comprehend)-240(how)-240(a)-240(man's)-240(consciousness)-240(could)-240(be)-240(deceived)-240(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-319(point)-318(like)-319(this.)-456(He)-319(must)-319(have)-319(surely)-318(known)-319(whether)-319(within)-318(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(definite)-253(period)-254(of)-253(time)-254(he)-253(had)-254(obtained)-253(an)-254(insight)-253(into)-253(character,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-412(he)-413(did)-412(not)-412(possess)-413(before.)-737(Everywhere)-412(in)-412(the)-412(account)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(given)-364(us)-363(of)-364(these)-363(gifts)-364(we)-363(seem)-364(to)-363(be)-364(dealing)-363(with)-364(facts.)-590(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinctions)-335(laid)-334(down)-335(as)-334(existing)-335(between)-335(them,)-355(and)-335(the)-334(sepa-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rateness)-261(of)-260(their)-261(functions)-261(are)-261(truly)-260(philosophical,)-264(supposing)-260(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gifts)-211(to)-210(have)-211(been)-211(real,)-218(and)-211(were)-210(the)-211(last)-211(things)-210(which)-211(were)-210(likely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(have)-250(occurred)-250(to)-250(credulous)-250(enthusiasts.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(7.)-530(These)-344(gifts)-343(admitted)-344(of)-343(being)-343(abused.)-531(The)-343(possession)-343(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(them)-334(was)-334(not)-333(sufficient)-334(to)-334(confer)-334(any)-333(infallibility)-334(in)-334(the)-334(use)-333(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(them.)-307(This)-270(fact)-269(is)-269(worthy)-269(of)-269(deep)-269(attention,)-274(not)-269(only)-269(as)-269(pointing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-349(the)-349(reality)-349(of)-348(the)-349(manifestations)-349(but)-349(to)-349(the)-349(soundness)-349(of)-348(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apostle's)-335(judgment.)-506(If)-335(these)-335(gifts)-335(had)-335(been)-335(mere)-335(inventions)-335(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-397(credulous)-397(imagination)-396(they)-397(would)-397(have)-397(been)-397(represented)-396(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guarded)-266(from)-266(the)-267(possibility)-266(of)-266(abuse)-266(by)-266(the)-266(supernatural)-266(power)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-371(which)-372(they)-371(originated.)-615(Even)-371(at)-372(the)-371(present)-372(day)-371(it)-372(is)-371(a)-371(very)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(common)-395(idea)-395(that)-395(the)-394(gift)-395(of)-395(inspiration)-395(cannot)-395(possibly)-395(be)-394(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(functional)-305(one)-304(which)-305(is)-304(limited)-305(to)-304(a)-305(definite)-304(subject-matter,)-318(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-242(it)-242(must)-242(confer)-242(a)-242(general)-241(infallibility.)-248(Very)-242(different)-242(were)-241(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(views)-304(of)-305(St.)-412(Paul)-305(and)-304(of)-304(the)-304(Churches)-609(to)-304(which)-304(he)-305(wrote.)-412(The)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([418])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Apostle)-248(was)-248(of)-248(opinion)-248(that)-248(when)-248(they)-248(had)-248(been)-248(once)-248(conferred,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(they)-212(were)-211(subject)-212(to)-211(the)-212(control)-211(of)-212(the)-211(will,)-219(and)-212(capable)-211(of)-212(a)-211(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-383(bad)-383(use)-383(in)-383(the)-383(same)-383(manner)-383(as)-383(our)-383(ordinary)-383(faculties.)-649(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(statement)-241(is)-242(clear)-241(that)-241(in)-241(this)-242(Church)-241(they)-241(were)-242(used)-241(in)-241(a)-241(manner)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-262(conducive)-262(to)-262(edification.)-286(In)-262(order)-262(to)-262(suppress)-262(this)-262(abuse)-262(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adopted)-345(some)-346(stringent)-345(rules.)-536(No)-346(person)-345(was)-345(to)-346(be)-345(allowed)-345(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-292(congregation)-292(to)-293(use)-292(the)-292(gift)-292(of)-292(tongues)-293(\050a)-292(gift)-292(which)-292(he)-292(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-263(far)-263(from)-264(underrating)-263(that)-263(he)-263(thanked)-264(God)-263(that)-263(he)-263(possessed)-263(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-231(largely)-231(than)-231(any)-231(other)-231(member)-231(of)-231(the)-231(Church\051,)-235(unless)-230(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-229(some)-229(one)-229(present)-230(who)-229(had)-229(the)-229(gift)-229(of)-229(interpretation.)-243(The)-229(gift)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-359(prophecy)-360(held)-359(the)-360(second)-359(rank)-359(in)-360(point)-359(of)-359(importance.)-578(Yet)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-367(the)-367(eagerness)-367(of)-367(its)-368(possessors)-367(to)-367(use)-367(it,)-396(confusion)-367(arose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-254(the)-253(congregation;)-256(and)-253(the)-254(Apostle)-254(was)-253(compelled)-254(to)-253(prescribe)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1697 0 obj << +/Length 4447 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(367)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(rules)-433(for)-433(limiting)-433(its)-432(exercise)-433(and)-433(enforcing)-433(order)-433(among)-432(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prophets.)-411(The)-304(more)-304(the)-303(account)-304(is)-304(studied)-303(the)-304(stronger)-304(must)-303(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-371(conviction)-370(that)-371(it)-371(points)-371(to)-370(actual)-371(phenomena,)-401(which)-370(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exhibited)-372(in)-372(the)-372(Apostolic)-373(Churches;)-433(and)-372(that)-372(St.)-617(Paul,)-402(in)-372(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(description)-238(of)-238(them,)-240(exhibits)-238(the)-237(strongest)-238(indications)-238(of)-238(a)-237(sound)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(judgment.)]TJ 11.956 -14.531 Td [(Such)-384(were)-385(the)-384(phenomena)-385(which)-384(the)-385(Apostle,)-418(and)-384(those)-384(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(whom)-283(he)-283(wrote,)-292(considered)-283(to)-283(be)-284(supernatural)-283(manifestations.)-349(I)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(observe)-250(respecting)-250(them:)]TJ 11.956 -14.531 Td [(First:)-320(That)-285(it)-285(is)-285(clear)-285(that)-285(when)-285(St.)-355(Paul)-285(wrote)-285(these)-285(Epistles,)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(both)-267(he)-268(and)-267(those)-268(whom)-267(he)-268(addressed)-267(were)-268(fully)-267(persuaded)-267(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certain)-279(supernatural)-279(manifestations)-279(were)-279(then)-279(habitually)-279(present)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-430(the)-429(Church.)-789(It)-430(is)-430(impossible)-429(to)-430(attribute)-430(this)-429(belief)-430(to)-429(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presence)-250(of)-250(the)-250(mythic)-250(or)-250(legendary)-250(spirit.)]TJ 11.956 -14.531 Td [(Secondly:)-250(It)-249(is)-249(clear)-249(from)-249(other)-249(statements)-249(in)-249(the)-249(Epistles,)-249(not)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(only)-299(that)-299(St.)-397(Paul)-299(firmly)-299(believed)-299(that)-299(he)-299(himself)-299(was)-298(endowed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-248(several)-249(of)-248(these)-248(supernatural)-497(gifts,)-248(but)-248(that)-249(he)-248(had)-248(been)-248(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([419])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(means)-250(of)-250(imparting)-250(them)-250(to)-250(others.)]TJ 11.956 -14.531 Td [(Thirdly:)-623(If)-436(we)-436(consider)-437(the)-436(nature)-436(of)-437(some)-436(of)-436(these)-437(gift)1(s,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(it)-379(is)-380(difficult)-379(to)-379(conceive)-379(that)-379(a)-380(man)-379(like)-379(St.)-638(Paul)-379(could)-379(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-270(deceived)-271(respecting)-270(their)-270(reality.)-311(Several)-270(of)-270(them)-270(involved)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(accessions)-294(of)-294(mental)-294(power,)-305(as)-294(for)-294(example)-294(the)-294(gift)-294(of)-294(wisdom,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(knowledge,)-303(and)-293(discerning)-292(of)-292(spirits.)-378(He)-292(must)-293(have)-292(known)-292(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-214(one)-213(time)-214(he)-214(had)-213(nothing)-214(but)-214(his)-214(natural)-213(endowments.)-238(At)-214(a)-213(later)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(period)-312(he)-312(must)-312(have)-312(believed)-312(that)-312(his)-312(wisdom,)-327(knowledge,)-327(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-326(of)-326(discerning)-326(character)-326(was)-326(increased.)-478(These)-326(must)-326(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-387(definite)-387(facts)-387(of)-386(his)-387(mental)-387(consciousness.)-661(It)-387(is)-386(difficult)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-365(conceive)-364(how)-365(delusion)-365(was)-364(possible,)-394(when)-364(in)-365(his)-364(treatment)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-295(the)-295(entire)-295(subject)-295(he)-295(displays)-295(such)-295(clear)-295(indications)-295(of)-295(sound)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(judgment)-250(and)-250(common)-250(sense.)]TJ 11.956 -14.531 Td [(Fourthly:)-530(It)-391(is)-390(necessary)-390(to)-390(suppose)-390(not)-391(only)-390(that)-390(St.)-670(Paul)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(was)-274(a)-273(prey)-274(to)-273(delusion)-274(on)-273(this)-274(subject)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 165.118 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(if)-273(we)-274(deny)-274(that)-273(the)-274(gifts)]TJ -176.027 -13.55 Td [(were)-245(real)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 40.225 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(but)-245(that)-245(a)-246(similar)-245(delusion)-245(was)-245(spread)-246(over)-245(the)-245(entire)]TJ -51.134 -13.549 Td [(Church.)-752(Its)-417(individual)-417(members)-417(believed)-417(that)-417(they)-417(possessed)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1701 0 obj << +/Length 4600 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(368)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(them,)-358(no)-337(less)-336(than)-337(the)-336(Apostle.)-510(Those)-336(who)-336(possessed)-337(only)-336(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lower)-417(gifts)-418(were)-417(emulously)-417(desirous)-418(of)-417(possessing)-417(the)-417(higher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ones.)-668(They)-389(also)-390(made)-389(an)-389(ostentatious)-390(use)-389(of)-389(them.)-668(Such)-389(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-392(the)-392(phenomena)-392(presented)-393(by)-392(enthusiasm.)-676(Was)-392(it)-392(possible)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-242(considerable)-241(numbers)-242(of)-241(persons)-241(should)-242(be)-241(deceived)-242(in)-241(sup-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(posing)-313(that)-314(they)-313(had)-313(acquired)-314(particular)-313(mental)-313(endowments)-313(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(they)-250(well)-250(knew)-250(that)-250(they)-250(had)-250(been)-250(previously)-250(destitute?)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(Fifthly:)-415(While)-333(the)-332(phenomena)-333(under)-332(consideration)-333(were)-332(un-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(questionably)-514(believed)-514(both)-514(by)-515(St.)-1042(Paul)-514(and)-514(the)-514(Corinthian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Church)-323(to)-322(be)-323(supernatural)-323(manifestations,)-341(yet)-322(it)-323(is)-323(a)-322(supernatu-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ralism)-318(which)-317(differs)-318(in)-317(its)-318(entire)-317(aspect)-318(and)-317(character)-318(from)-317(any)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(other)-272(which)-272(has)-272(been)-272(believed)-272(in)-272(by)-272(man.)-316(We)-272(may)-272(wander)-272(over)]TJ 0 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[(fitted)-331(to)-332(draw)-331(attention)-331(to)-331(its)-332(claims.)-494(Collected)-331(as)-331(its)-331(members)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-381(from)-381(Judaism)-381(and)-381(Heathenism,)-414(without)-381(sufficient)-381(means)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-416(their)-416(definite)-415(instruction,)-457(those)-416(who)-416(performed)-416(this)-415(office)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-323(qualified)-323(for)-323(it)-323(by)-323(two)-323(gifts)-323(conferring)-323(various)-323(degrees)-323(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enlightenment.)-422(Then)-308(there)-307(was)-307(the)-308(prophet,)-321(who)-308(as)-307(an)-307(inspired)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(preacher)-315(expounded)-314(and)-315(enforced)-315(the)-314(truths)-315(of)-315(Christianity.)-443(Its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(members)-305(were)-305(ill-qualified)-304(for)-305(public)-305(offices,)-318(owing)-305(to)-305(the)-304(low)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(condition)-402(of)-402(the)-402(society)-403(from)-402(which)-402(they)-402(sprang.)-706(Here)-402(again)]TJ +0 g 0 G 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[(previously)-244(existing.)-248(It)-244(was)-244(designed)-244(to)-244(leaven)-244(by)-244(new)-244(influences)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-287(state)-286(of)-287(religious,)-295(moral,)-296(and)-573(political)-287(thought)-286(out)-287(of)-286(which)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([421])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(it)-261(originated.)-281(The)-261(old)-260(social)-260(organization)-261(met)-260(it)-261(with)-260(determined)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(opposition.)-431(The)-310(problem)-310(was)-311(how)-310(was)-310(it)-310(to)-311(be)-310(erected)-310(on)-310(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-454(basis)-455(as)-454(would)-454(give)-454(it)-455(permanence?)-863(The)-454(Church)-454(of)-454(Jesus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christ)-417(was)-417(to)-418(be)-417(a)-417(new)-417(moral)-417(creation)-418(in)-417(the)-417(midst)-417(of)-417(effete)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(society.)-531(An)-344(extensive)-343(communication)-344(of)-344(endowments,)-367(such)-343(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-280(referred)-281(to)-280(in)-280(the)-280(Pauline)-281(Epistles,)-287(was)-281(the)-280(very)-280(thing)-280(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-251(requisite)-250(to)-251(accomplish)-250(this)-251(purpose.)-251(It)-250(came)-251(into)-250(existence;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-288(grew;)-307(it)-288(struggled;)-308(it)-288(conquered;)-307(it)-288(subverted)-288(the)-288(old)-288(forms)-288(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(civilization;)-345(it)-314(created)-314(new)-313(ones.)-441(These)-314(are)-313(facts)-314(which)-313(require)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-328(be)-327(accounted)-328(for.)-483(The)-328(forces)-327(referred)-328(to)-328(in)-327(these)-328(Epistles)-327(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-366(active)-366(energy)-366(before)-366(the)-366(eyes)-366(of)-366(St.)-598(Paul)-366(and)-366(the)-365(members)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-268(these)-268(Churches,)-273(were)-268(adequate)-268(to)-268(have)-268(effected)-268(this.)-304(Without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-340(such)-340(moral)-340(creation)-340(attending)-340(the)-340(first)-340(planting)-340(of)-340(Chris-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tianity,)-389(the)-362(formation)-361(of)-362(this)-361(unique)-362(society)-361(out)-362(of)-361(the)-361(various)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elements)-299(of)-298(which)-299(it)-299(was)-299(composed,)-310(and)-299(their)-299(welding)-298(together)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-242(an)-242(organization)-241(instinct)-242(with)-242(life,)-243(which)-242(has)-242(imbued)-242(with)-241(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(principles)-247(all)-246(existing)-247(institutions,)-248(must)-246(remain)-247(a)-247(problem)-246(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(baffles)-250(all)-250(the)-250(attempts)-250(of)-250(philosophy)-250(to)-250(solve.)]TJ 11.956 -18.458 Td [(Lastly:)-329(These)-289(letters)-290(prove)-289(on)-289(the)-290(highest)-289(historical)-289(evidence)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td 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[(shall)-306(also)-306(live)-305(with)-306(him:)-362(knowing)-305(that)-306(Christ)-306(being)-306(raised)-305(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-265(dead)-265(dieth)-265(no)-265(more;)-272(death)-265(hath)-265(no)-265(more)-265(dominion)-265(over)-264(him.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(For)-262(in)-261(that)-262(He)-261(died,)-265(He)-261(died)-262(unto)-261(sin)-262(once;)-267(but)-262(in)-261(that)-262(He)-261(liveth,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-341(liveth)-341(unto)-340(God.)-523(Likewise)-341(reckon)-340(ye)-341(also)-341(yourselves)-341(to)-340(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dead)-356(indeed)-356(unto)-356(sin,)-383(but)-355(alive)-356(unto)-356(God)-356(through)-356(Jesus)-356(Christ)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-250(Lord.)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 41.204 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -29.248 -18.459 Td [(It)-310(is)-309(impossible)-310(to)-310(read)-309(this)-310(passage)-310(without)-309(feeling)-310(that)-310(it)-309(is)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td 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-30.759 Td [(carry)-334(this)-333(belief)-334(up)-334(to)-333(the)-334(first)-334(origin)-333(of)-334(this)-334(Church.)-501(They)-333(go,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moreover,)-246(a)-245(step)-245(further,)-246(and)-245(involve)-245(the)-245(belief)-245(and)-245(testimony)-244(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-250(by)-250(whom)-250(its)-250(first)-250(members)-250(had)-250(been)-250(converted.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(But)-363(further:)-477(the)-363(Apostle,)-391(throughout)-364(this)-363(chapter,)-391(speaks)-363(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-278(Resurrection)-279(of)-278(Christ)-278(as)-279(being)-278(the)-278(great)-279(moral)-278(and)-278(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-301(of)-301(Christianity.)-404(The)-301(members)-301(of)-301(the)-301(Church)-301(had)-301(entered)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-264(a)-265(new)-264(moral)-265(and)-264(religious)-264(life.)-294(They)-264(had)-264(died)-265(to)-264(their)-264(former)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sinful)-319(habits)-318(and)-319(practices.)-456(They)-318(were)-319(living)-318(to)-319(God,)-336(and)-318(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reaping)-334(the)-334(fruits)-334(of)-334(holiness)-334(instead)-334(of)-334(receiving)-334(the)-334(wages)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sin.)-823(That)-441(these)-441(facts)-441(were)-441(true,)-489(the)-441(Apostle)-441(appeals)-441(to)-441(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consciousness)-256(to)-255(witness.)-267(Was)-255(this)-256(a)-255(fact)-256(or)-255(was)-256(it)-255(not?)-267(It)-255(would)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-272(been)-271(impossible)-272(for)-272(St.)-315(Paul)-271(to)-272(write)-272(in)-271(this)-272(manner)-271(unless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-377(had)-377(been)-376(assured)-377(that)-377(those)-377(to)-376(whom)-377(he)-377(wrote)-377(thought)-376(so.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(This)-364(power)-365(had)-364(for)-364(its)-365(centre)-364(the)-364(belief)-365(in)-364(the)-364(Resurrection)-364(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christ.)-482(It)-327(was)-327(caused)-328(by)-327(their)-327(connection)-327(with)-328(Him)-327(as)-327(a)-327(living)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(person)-250(to)-250(whom)-250(all)-250(their)-250(regards)-250(were)-250(due.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(It)-317(is)-317(impossible)-317(to)-317(have)-317(stronger)-317(historical)-317(evidence)-317(that)-317(t)1(his)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(belief)-301(was)-300(esteemed)-301(by)-301(the)-300(Church)-301(to)-301(be)-300(fundamental)-301(to)-300(Chris-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tianity)-294(when)-295(this)-294(letter)-295(was)-294(written.)-384(I)-294(shall)-295(therefore)-294(only)-294(quote)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(two)-248(more)-248(passages)-248(as)-247(showing)-248(the)-248(purely)-248(incidental)-248(character)-247(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(allusions:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 57.884 0 Td [(\024)]TJ -45.928 -15.186 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Who)-364(shall)-364(lay)-364(anything)-364(to)-363(the)-364(charge)-364(of)-364(God's)-364(elect?)-592(It)-364(is)]TJ -16.799 -13.549 Td [(God)-289(that)-290(justifieth;)-309(who)-289(is)-289(he)-289(that)-290(condemneth?)-368(It)-289(is)-289(Christ)-289(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(died,)-247(yea)-246(rather,)-247(that)-246(is)-246(risen)-246(again,)-247(who)-246(is)-246(even)-246(at)-246(the)-246(right)-246(hand)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-245(God,)-245(who)-245(also)-245(maketh)-245(intercession)-244(for)-245(us.)-248(Who)-245(shall)-244(separate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us)-334(from)-334(the)-334(love)-334(of)-334(Christ?)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 121.842 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.487 0 Td [(\050Rom.)-502(viii.)-502(38,)-355(&c.\051)-502(Again:)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 132.738 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(that)-388(regardeth)-389(the)-388(day)-388(regardeth)-389(it)-388(unto)-388(the)-388(Lord;)-458(and)-388(he)-388(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(regardeth)-285(not)-285(the)-285(day,)-294(to)-285(the)-285(Lord)-285(he)-285(doth)-285(not)-285(regard)-285(it.)-355(He)-285(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eateth,)-263(eateth)-260(to)-521(the)-261(Lord,)-263(for)-260(he)-260(giveth)-261(God)-260(thanks;)-266(and)-260(he)-260(that)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([440])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(eateth)-256(not,)-258(to)-256(the)-256(Lord)-256(he)-256(eateth)-256(not,)-258(and)-256(giveth)-256(God)-256(thanks.)-268(For)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(none)-332(of)-332(us)-332(liveth)-332(to)-332(himself,)-353(and)-332(no)-332(man)-332(dieth)-332(to)-332(himself.)-496(For)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whether)-268(we)-267(live,)-273(we)-267(live)-268(unto)-268(the)-268(Lord;)-276(and)-268(whether)-268(we)-267(die,)-272(we)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(die)-209(unto)-209(the)-209(Lord....)-237(For)-209(to)-209(this)-209(end)-209(Christ)-209(both)-209(died)-209(and)-209(rose,)-217(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(support)-345(their)-345(own)-344(theories)-345(as)-345(to)-344(the)-345(intensity)-345(of)-345(the)-344(opposition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(between)-330(the)-329(Jewish)-330(Apostles)-330(and)-329(St.)-489(Paul.)-489(I)-330(am)-330(quite)-329(sensible)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-198(a)-197(book)-198(which)-197(is)-197(professedly)-198(an)-197(apocalypse)-198(must)-197(be)-198(used)-197(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(caution)-253(as)-254(an)-253(historical)-253(document,)-254(or)-253(we)-254(may)-253(fall)-253(into)-253(numerous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(errors)-244(in)-244(drawing)-244(inferences)-244(from)-244(obscure)-244(allusions)-244(contained)-244(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(visions.)-482(But)-327(if)-327(there)-327(is)-327(one)-328(point)-327(more)-327(than)-327(another)-327(which)-327(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(book)-296(makes)-295(clear,)-307(it)-296(is)-295(the)-591(strength)-296(of)-295(the)-296(author's)-295(belief)-296(in)-295(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([441])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 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[(this)-228(state)-227(of)-228(things)-227(existed)-228(in)-228(the)-227(Churches)-228(within)-227(less)-228(than)-227(twen-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ty-eight)-248(years)-248(after)-248(the)-248(crucifixion,)-248(but)-248(they)-248(no)-248(less)-248(clearly)-247(show)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-281(the)-280(earliest)-281(Christian)-280(communities,)-288(such)-281(as)-280(the)-281(Churches)-280(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Antioch)-250(and)-250(Jerusalem,)-250(entertained)-250(similar)-250(beliefs.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1818 0 obj << +/Length 4386 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(393)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -252.311 -30.759 Td [(8.)-267(That)-256(it)-256(is)-256(an)-256(unquestionable)-255(historical)-256(fact)-256(that)-256(the)-256(belief)-255(in)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-234(Resurrection)-234(was)-234(co-eval)-235(with)-234(the)-234(restored)-234(life)-234(of)-234(the)-234(Church)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(had)-250(been)-250(extinguished)-250(by)-250(the)-250(crucifixion.)]TJ 11.956 -14.163 Td [(9.)-471(That)-323(the)-324(three)-323(pillar)-324(Apostles)-323(of)-324(the)-323(Church)-324(of)-323(Jerusalem)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(believed)-225(that)-226(they)-225(had)-225(seen)-225(Jesus)-226(after)-225(His)-225(Resurrection,)-230(and)-225(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-250(entire)-250(body)-250(entertained)-250(a)-250(similar)-250(opinion.)]TJ 11.956 -14.162 Td [(10.)-832(That)-444(as)-444(late)-444(as)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.008 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 5.754 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.728 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 5.754 0 Td [(.)-444(57)-444(or)-444(58)-444(more)-444(than)-444(250)-444(persons)]TJ -122.2 -13.55 Td [(were)-278(still)-279(living)-278(who)-278(believed)-279(that)-278(they)-278(had)-279(seen)-278(Jesus)-278(after)-278(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Resurrection;)-236(and)-229(that)-229(originally)-229(more)-229(than)-229(five)-229(hundred)-229(persons)]TJ 0 -13.549 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[(recovered,)-250(was)-250(mistaken)-250(for)-250(a)-250(resurrection.)-250(Or:)]TJ 11.956 -14.163 Td [(That)-277(He)-277(rose)-276(from)-277(the)-277(dead)-277(in)-277(veritable)-276(reality,)-284(and)-277(was)-276(seen)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(by)-250(His)-250(followers,)-250(and)-250(conversed)-250(with)-250(them.)]TJ 11.956 -14.163 Td [(I)-249(omit)-249(another)-249(possible)-249(supposition,)-249(that)-249(the)-249(belief)-249(in)-249(the)-249(Res-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(urrection)-292(was)-291(due)-292(to)-292(a)-292(deliberate)-291(fraud,)-302(because)-292(no)-292(one)-291(capable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-355(appreciating)-355(moral)-356(or)-355(historical)-355(evidence)-355(ventures)-355(to)-355(affirm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it.)-619(The)-373(idea)-373(that)-373(the)-373(greatest)-373(and)-373(purest)-373(of)-373(human)-373(institutions)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(can)-274(owe)-548(its)-274(origin)-273(to)-274(a)-274(deliberate)-274(imposture)-274(is)-274(a)-274(libel)-274(on)-273(human)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([449])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(nature.)]TJ 11.956 -14.163 Td [(Around)-328(one)-328(or)-329(other)-328(of)-328(these)-328(alternatives)-328(the)-329(contest)-328(lies.)-484(It)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-344(useless)-344(to)-343(attempt)-344(to)-344(becloud)-344(the)-343(question)-344(with)-344(a)-344(number)-343(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(barren)-392(and)-393(indefinite)-392(generalities,)-428(such)-392(as)-392(myths)-392(and)-392(legends,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vague)-299(charges)-298(of)-299(enthusiasm,)-310(fanaticism,)-311(and)-298(credulity,)-311(or)-298(gen-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eral)-223(assertions)-223(of)-223(developments)-223(brought)-223(about)-223(by)-223(a)-223(succession)-222(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(compromises)-332(between)-331(hostile)-332(parties.)-495(We)-331(are)-332(here)-331(in)-332(the)-331(pres-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ence)-308(of)-308(stern)-308(historical)-308(facts,)-322(which)-308(require)-308(a)-308(clear)-308(and)-307(definite)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1823 0 obj << +/Length 4876 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(394)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(solution.)-585(The)-361(Christian)-362(Church)-362(exists)-361(as)-362(a)-361(fact.)-585(We)-362(can)-361(trace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-321(up)-322(to)-321(its)-321(first)-322(origin.)-464(It)-321(asserts)-321(that)-322(its)-321(existence)-321(is)-322(due)-321(to)-321(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Resurrection)-283(of)-282(Jesus)-283(Christ,)-290(and)-283(to)-283(nothing)-282(else.)-348(If)-282(unbelievers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirm)-280(that)-280(the)-280(fact)-281(is)-280(false,)-288(they)-280(are)-280(bound)-280(to)-280(offer)-280(some)-280(theory)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-340(is)-339(true)-340(to)-340(human)-340(nature,)-362(and)-339(lies)-340(within)-340(the)-339(possibilities)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-281(things,)-290(to)-281(show)-281(us)-282(how)-281(this)-282(belief)-281(originated,)-289(and)-282(how)-281(it)-281(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(able)-250(to)-250(consolidate)-250(the)-250(life)-250(of)-250(this)-250(new)-250(community.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-397(idea)-397(that)-397(the)-396(greatest)-397(moral)-397(power)-397(which)-397(has)-397(ever)-396(ap-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(peared)-317(among)-318(mankind)-317(has)-317(had)-318(no)-317(other)-317(origin)-318(than)-317(a)-317(baseless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(delusion)-368(is)-367(supremely)-368(melancholy.)-603(That)-368(Christianity)-368(has)-367(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(such)-251(a)-250(moral)-251(power)-250(will)-251(be)-251(disputed)-250(by)-251(few;)-251(and)-250(a)-251(large)-250(number)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-334(unbelievers)-334(will)-333(allow)-334(that)-334(notwithstanding)-334(the)-334(faults)-333(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-334(attribute)-335(to)-334(it,)-355(nothing)-335(has)-334(equally)-334(contributed)-335(to)-334(the)-334(civi-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lization)-267(and)-267(elevation)-266(of)-267(the)-267(race.)-300(Yet)-267(if)-267(it)-266(be)-267(a)-267(delusion,)-271(it)-266(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-245(recognised)-246(as)-245(such,)-247(and)-245(we)-246(must)-245(submit)-246(to)-245(our)-246(hard)-245(fate.)-248(Still)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(it)-339(is)-340(a)-339(terrible)-339(proposition)-339(to)-340(realize,)-361(that)-340(the)-339(noblest)-339(of)-339(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(institutions)-330(has)-329(originated)-330(in)-330(a)-330(lie,)-349(even)-330(if)-330(it)-329(be)-330(one)-330(which)-329(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-250(deliberately)-250(intended)-250(as)-250(such.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td 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[(already)-299(observed,)-312(is)-299(fully)-300(established)-299(by)-299(the)-300(history)-299(of)-299(the)-299(past,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-279(however)-279(numerous)-280(the)-279(narratives)-279(of)-279(marvellous)-279(occurrences)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-207(be,)-216(whether)-207(in)-207(histories)-207(or)-207(fictions,)-216(it)-207(is)-207(next)-207(to)-207(impossible)-207(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(find)-276(reports)-276(of)-276(beliefs)-276(in)-276(the)-276(actual)-276(occurrence)-276(of)-276(a)-276(resurrection,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-391(even)-392(in)-391(the)-392(possibility)-391(of)-392(one)-391(prior)-392(to)-391(that)-392(of)-391(Jesus)-391(Christ.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Now)-284(St.)-352(Paul's)-284(conversion)-284(cannot)-284(be)-284(dated)-284(later)-284(than)-284(within)-284(ten)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years)-288(of)-287(the)-288(crucifixion;)-306(most)-288(probably)-287(it)-288(was)-288(earlier.)-362(It)-288(is)-287(clear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that,)-348(prior)-329(to)-329(his)-329(conversion,)-348(communities)-329(of)-329(Jewish)-328(Christians)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(must)-354(have)-354(existed)-354(in)-354(considerable)-354(numbers)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 193.217 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(in)-354(such)-354(numbers,)]TJ -204.127 -13.549 Td [(in)-255(fact,)-256(as)-255(to)-255(raise)-255(his)-254(wrath)-255(and)-255(indignation)-255(to)-255(the)-255(highest)-254(point.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1827 0 obj << +/Length 4711 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(395)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(The)-336(spirit)-336(of)-335(persecution)-336(is)-336(aroused)-336(by)-336(a)-336(sense)-335(of)-336(danger.)-508(It)-335(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(clear,)-234(therefore,)-235(from)-230(the)-230(fact)-231(of)-230(the)-230(persecution,)-235(that)-230(the)-230(persons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-419(power)-418(saw)-419(danger)-419(from)-418(the)-419(progress)-419(of)-418(the)-419(new)-419(sect,)-460(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-324(its)-324(numbers)-324(most)-324(have)-324(been)-324(considerable.)-472(From)-324(St.)-472(Paul's)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(testimony,)-328(it)-313(is)-313(also)-312(certain)-313(that)-313(Christianity)-312(had)-313(spread)-313(at)-312(least)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-237(one)-238(place)-237(beyond)-237(Jud\346a.)-246(The)-237(inference,)-240(therefore,)-240(seems)-237(irre-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sistible)-272(that)-273(in)-272(the)-272(period)-272(which)-273(elapsed)-272(between)-272(the)-272(crucifixion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-394(St.)-684(Paul's)-394(conversion,)-431(the)-394(number)-395(of)-394(the)-395(believers)-394(in)-394(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Resurrection)-236(of)-236(Jesus)-236(had)-236(increased)-235(to)-236(several)-236(thousands.)-245(Those,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(the)-408(fact)-408(of)-408(His)-409(Resurrecti)1(on?)-725(Incredulity!)-724(What)-408(has)-408(become)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-351(His)-351(body?)-553(Why)-351(does)-351(He)-351(not)-351(appear)-351(to)-351(His)-351(former)-351(friends?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-476(strangeness)-238(of)-238(the)-238(event)-238(must)-238(have)-238(prompted)-238(even)-238(the)-237(most)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([452])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(credulous)-208(to)-208(make)-208(some)-208(inquiry)-208(about)-208(the)-208(matter,)-216(and)-208(the)-208(inquiry)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-437(have)-437(dissipated)-438(the)-437(delusion.)-812(Such)-437(a)-437(belief)-437(could)-437(only)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(readily)-373(propagate)-372(itself)-373(after)-372(recent)-373(memories)-372(had)-373(grown)-372(dim,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-199(a)-199(long)-200(interval)-199(of)-199(time)-199(had)-199(elapsed,)-210(sufficient)-199(for)-199(the)-199(Founder)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-328(Christianity)-327(to)-328(become)-328(surrounded)-328(with)-327(a)-328(halo)-328(of)-327(imaginary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(glory.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(Let)-380(us)-379(now)-380(consider)-380(the)-380(position)-379(in)-380(which)-380(the)-380(followers)-379(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Jesus)-412(must)-411(have)-412(found)-411(themselves)-412(on)-411(the)-412(night)-411(of)-412(the)-411(Cruci-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fixion,)-445(and)-406(during)-406(the)-406(following)-406(days.)-718(Their)-406(hopes)-406(had)-406(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(based)-280(on)-280(Him)-280(as)-279(the)-280(Messiah,)-287(who)-280(was)-280(to)-280(reign)-280(in)-280(the)-279(kingdom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(promised)-362(by)-362(the)-361(prophets;)-418(and)-362(they)-362(expected)-362(important)-361(places)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-419(that)-420(kingdom)-419(as)-420(the)-419(reward)-420(of)-419(their)-420(fidelity.)-758(These)-419(hopes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-315(have)-314(been)-315(annihilated.)-443(The)-315(Messiah)-314(whom)-315(they)-314(expected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-288(reign)-288(had)-289(perished)-288(at)-288(the)-288(hands)-288(of)-288(His)-289(enemies.)-364(What)-288(was)-288(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-338(hoped)-338(for)-338(more?)-514(Many)-338(could)-338(not)-338(help)-338(thinking)-338(that)-338(he)-338(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-314(a)-314(self-deceiver,)-331(if)-314(not)-314(an)-314(impostor.)-443(Was)-314(there)-314(any)-314(ground)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-298(hoping)-298(that)-299(He)-298(could)-298(be)-298(raised)-298(from)-298(the)-299(dead?)-394(Many)-298(of)-298(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prophets)-290(of)-289(the)-290(ancient)-289(Church)-290(had)-289(perished)-290(by)-289(the)-290(authority)-289(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(former)-220(governments,)-227(or)-220(by)-221(the)-220(violence)-221(of)-220(the)-220(mob.)-241(But)-220(God)-220(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(never)-263(interfered)-264(to)-263(vindicate)-264(the)-263(cause)-263(of)-264(one)-263(of)-264(them)-263(by)-263(raising)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(him)-344(from)-343(the)-344(dead.)-531(The)-344(utmost)-343(that)-344(He)-344(had)-343(done)-344(was)-344(to)-343(raise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(up)-300(some)-300(new)-300(prophet)-300(to)-300(take)-300(his)-300(place.)-400(But)-300(this)-300(man)-300(was)-299(more)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1835 0 obj << +/Length 4621 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(397)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(than)-224(a)-223(prophet)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 61.836 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(he)-224(was)-223(the)-224(Messiah.)-241(Did)-224(not)-223(all)-224(the)-224(old)-223(prophets)]TJ -72.745 -13.549 Td [(promise)-265(Him)-266(a)-265(kingdom)-265(and)-265(a)-266(glory)-265(and)-265(a)-265(mighty)-266(triumph?)-295(Yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-275(had)-276(been)-275(cut)-275(off)-275(by)-276(His)-275(enemies,)-282(instead)-275(of)-275(triumphing)-275(over)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them;)-328(and)-302(His)-302(dead)-302(body)-302(was)-302(silent)-302(in)-302(the)-302(grave.)-406(Any)-302(hint)-302(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-253(Gospels)-253(allege)-253(Jesus)-253(to)-253(have)-253(given)-253(His)-253(followers)-253(of)-253(His)-253(own)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Resurrection)-362(is,)-389(according)-362(to)-362(the)-361(theory)-362(of)-362(those)-361(with)-362(whom)-361(I)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(am)-338(reasoning,)-359(a)-338(late)-338(invention.)-513(On)-338(the)-675(days,)-360(therefore,)-359(which)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([453])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(followed)-375(the)-375(Crucifixion,)-407(the)-375(Church)-376(must)-375(have)-375(presented)-375(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stillness)-427(of)-426(death,)-471(broken)-427(only)-427(by)-426(a)-427(few)-427(utterances)-427(of)-426(loving)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(despair.)]TJ 11.955 -16.004 Td [(But)-425(the)-424(Church)-425(did)-425(not)-425(perish;)-512(it)-425(set)-424(itself)-425(to)-425(the)-425(work)-424(of)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(reconstruction.)-322(It)-274(expanded)-275(and)-274(grew.)-322(Within)-274(the)-274(space)-274(of)-274(eight)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years)-463(after)-463(the)-463(Crucifixion,)-516(the)-463(believers)-463(in)-463(the)-463(Resurrection)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(could)-344(be)-344(numbered)-344(by)-343(thousands.)-532(This)-344(is)-344(an)-344(indisputable)-343(fact.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Again)-330(it)-329(expanded)-330(and)-330(grew,)-349(and)-330(it)-330(never)-329(ceased)-330(to)-330(grow)-329(until)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-283(less)-284(than)-283(three)-284(hundred)-283(years)-284(after)-283(the)-284(public)-283(execution)-284(of)-283(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Founder)-334(by)-335(the)-334(authority)-335(of)-334(the)-335(Roman)-334(government,)-356(one)-334(of)-334(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(professed)-308(adherents)-308(mounted)-308(the)-308(imperial)-308(throne,)-322(and)-308(found)-308(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strength)-212(sufficient)-213(to)-212(enable)-213(him)-212(to)-212(make)-213(it)-212(one)-213(of)-212(the)-212(institutions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-312(the)-311(State.)-435(These)-311(facts)-312(are)-311(without)-312(a)-312(parallel)-311(in)-312(history.)-434(How)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(are)-348(they)-348(to)-348(be)-348(accounted)-348(for?)-544(The)-348(followers)-348(of)-348(Jesus)-348(affirmed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-311(their)-311(Master)-311(rose)-311(from)-311(the)-311(dead;)-341(and)-311(that)-311(He)-311(thus)-311(resumed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-242(place)-243(as)-243(the)-242(Messiah)-243(of)-242(His)-243(Church.)-247(Unbelievers,)-244(in)-243(the)-242(face)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-384(the)-384(evidence)-384(before)-384(us,)-418(cannot)-384(deny)-384(that)-384(the)-384(great)-384(body)-384(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(that)-273(some)-273(one)-273(of)-272(the)-273(enthusiastic)-273(followers)-273(of)-273(Jesus)-273(fancied)-272(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-337(saw)-337(Him)-336(after)-337(His)-337(death,)-359(and)-336(mistook)-337(that)-337(fancy)-337(for)-337(a)-336(fact.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(I)-380(own)-380(that)-380(it)-380(is)-381(very)-380(difficult)-380(even)-380(to)-380(assume)-380(the)-380(existence)-380(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enthusiasm)-197(in)-197(the)-197(present)-197(instance,)-207(because)-197(all)-197(the)-197(known)-197(facts)-196(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(well)-206(as)-207(the)-206(conditions)-206(of)-206(the)-206(case)-207(prove)-206(that)-206(whatever)-206(enthusiasm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-260(once)-260(existed,)-263(it)-260(was)-261(at)-260(a)-260(very)-260(low)-260(ebb)-261(on)-260(the)-260(morning)-260(of)-260(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supposed)-315(Resurrection.)-444(Still,)-331(however,)-330(the)-315(assumption)-315(must)-314(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made,)-256(or)-255(argument)-255(will)-255(be)-255(impossible.)-264(As)-255(one)-255(enthusiast)-255(will)-254(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-340(good)-340(as)-340(another,)-362(let)-340(us)-340(assume)-340(that)-340(our)-340(supposed)-339(enthusiast)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-353(Mary)-353(Magdalene,)-379(who)-354(went)-353(early)-353(to)-353(the)-353(sepulchre,)-379(found)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-316(stone)-315(gone,)-332(saw)-315(the)-316(gardener)-316(in)-315(the)-316(dim)-315(light,)-332(mistook)-315(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-325(Jesus,)-345(and)-325(went)-325(and)-326(told)-325(her)-326(friends)-325(that)-325(she)-326(had)-325(seen)-325(Him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(risen)-360(from)-359(the)-360(dead:)-469(or)-719(to)-360(put)-359(the)-360(case)-359(more)-360(simply,)-387(that)-359(her)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([457])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(excited)-353(brain)-353(created)-353(some)-353(spectral)-353(illusion;)-404(and)-353(that)-353(under)-353(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(influence)-225(she)-226(thought)-225(she)-225(saw)-225(Him,)-230(and)-226(proceeded)-225(to)-225(convey)-225(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(report)-250(to)-250(her)-250(friends.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-204(at)-204(once)-204(strikes)-204(us)-204(as)-204(most)-203(unaccountable)-204(that,)-214(enthusiastic)-203(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(she)-210(must)-211(have)-210(been,)-219(she)-210(did)-211(not)-210(do)-211(something)-210(to)-211(assure)-210(herself)-210(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-239(reality)-238(of)-239(the)-238(bodily)-239(presence)-238(of)-239(her)-239(Master.)-246(It)-238(was)-239(hard)-238(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-350(an)-349(enthusiast)-350(to)-350(believe)-349(that)-350(it)-350(was)-349(He.)-549(If)-350(she)-350(had)-349(spoken,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-326(it)-325(was)-326(the)-326(gardener,)-344(she)-326(would)-325(have)-326(been)-326(at)-325(once)-326(cured)-325(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(her)-349(delusion.)-546(If)-349(she)-349(had)-349(attempted)-348(to)-349(embrace)-349(Him)-349(and)-349(it)-348(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-347(a)-347(phantom,)-371(the)-347(same)-346(result)-347(would)-347(have)-347(followed.)-540(Surely)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1853 0 obj << +/Length 4873 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(401)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(the)-443(intensity)-443(of)-443(her)-443(love,)-491(however)-443(credulous)-443(or)-443(fanatical)-443(she)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-295(be,)-306(would)-295(not)-295(have)-294(allowed)-295(her)-295(to)-295(leave)-295(the)-295(spot)-294(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-386(suitable)-387(demonstration.)-659(Equally)-387(incredible)-386(is)-387(it)-386(that)-386(she)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-292(have)-293(left)-292(Him,)-303(without)-293(inquiring)-292(whither)-293(He)-292(intended)-292(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(about)-332(the)-333(future.)-496(If)-333(she)-332(had)-332(done)-333(any)-332(of)-332(these)-332(things,)-353(it)-332(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-250(dissipated)-250(her)-250(delusions.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(Let)-191(us)-192(suppose,)-203(however,)-203(that)-191(all)-191(these)-192(difficulties)-191(do)-191(not)-192(exist,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(and)-201(that)-201(she)-202(is)-201(gone)-201(to)-201(publish)-201(among)-202(the)-201(friends)-201(of)-201(Jesus)-201(that)-201(she)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-243(seen)-244(Him)-243(risen)-243(from)-243(the)-243(dead.)-248(His)-243(death)-244(had)-243(proved)-243(to)-243(them)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-320(stunning)-321(blow;)-355(but)-321(let)-320(us)-321(suppose)-320(that)-320(they)-321(were)-320(still)-320(eagerly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(desirous)-211(of)-210(the)-211(occurrence)-211(of)-211(something)-210(which)-211(might)-211(renew)-210(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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0 -13.549 Td [(questions)-460(were)-460(inevitable;)-564(and)-460(unless)-460(they)-460(were)-460(distinct)-459(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(satisfactory,)-260(the)-258(rising)-258(enthusiasm)-258(must)-258(have)-258(been)-258(checked.)-274(Is)-257(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(true)-334(to)-334(human)-334(nature)-333(that)-334(the)-334(most)-334(enthusiastic)-334(credulity)-333(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-280(accepted)-281(these)-280(things)-280(as)-281(facts,)-288(or)-280(that)-280(the)-281(dead)-280(Jesus)-280(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-211(straightway)-210(assumed)-211(His)-210(place)-210(of)-211(Messianic)-210(dignity)-211(in)-210(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(minds,)-230(if)-225(He)-225(had)-224(made)-225(no)-225(appointment)-225(where)-225(He)-225(could)-225(meet)-224(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(friends;)-413(or)-359(if)-359(that)-359(appointment)-358(was)-359(created)-359(by)-359(the)-358(imagination)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(have)-347(been)-347(true,)-371(that)-347(on)-347(one)-347(definite)-347(occasion)-347(several)-347(hundreds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-294(persons)-293(thought)-294(that)-293(they)-293(had)-294(seen)-293(Jesus)-294(Christ)-293(after)-294(He)-293(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(risen)-250(from)-250(the)-250(dead.)]TJ 11.956 -18.458 Td [(But)-358(if)-358(it)-358(is)-358(in)-359(the)-358(highest)-358(degree)-358(difficult)-358(to)-358(account)-358(for)-358(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(possibility)-228(of)-228(three)-227(or)-228(four)-228(of)-228(the)-227(disciples)-228(of)-228(Jesus)-228(fancying)-227(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(saw)-280(their)-281(risen)-280(Master,)-288(when)-280(they)-280(saw)-280(nothing)-281(but)-280(a)-280(creation)-280(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-242(own)-243(imagination,)-243(what)-243(theory)-242(can)-242(be)-243(framed)-242(to)-242(account)-242(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(were)-244(all)-243(assembled,)-245(they)-244(had)-243(seen)-244(the)-243(ghost)-244(of)-244(a)-243(person)-244(who)-243(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(recently)-272(been)-271(executed,)-277(appear)-271(before)-272(them,)-277(and)-271(on)-272(the)-271(strength)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-293(this)-292(belief,)-303(constituted)-293(themselves)-292(into)-293(a)-292(new)-293(society;)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 248.355 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(a)-293(so-)]TJ -259.264 -13.549 Td [(ciety)-341(which)-340(has)-341(endured)-340(through)-340(eighteen)-341(centuries?)-521(However)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cynical)-255(our)-256(views)-255(may)-255(be,)-257(it)-255(is)-255(impossible)-256(to)-255(believe)-255(that)-255(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-250(is)-250(a)-250(lie.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Again:)-618(If)-434(for)-434(the)-434(purposes)-434(of)-434(the)-434(argument)-434(we)-434(accept)-433(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td 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[(without)-348(adducing)-348(some)-348(overwhelming)-348(evidence)-348(of)-348(the)-348(truth)-347(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-310(assertion.)-430(But)-310(on)-310(the)-310(supposition)-310(that)-310(it)-310(was)-310(a)-310(delusion)-310(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-294(imagination,)-305(such)-294(evidence)-293(could)-294(not)-294(be)-294(forthcoming.)-381(Such)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(beliefs)-445(are)-446(only)-445(possible)-446(after)-445(the)-445(lapse)-446(of)-445(very)-445(considerable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intervals)-250(of)-250(time,)-250(if)-250(they)-250(are)-250(possible)-250(even)-250(then.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([465])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -16.004 Td [(But)-314(in)-315(the)-314(present)-314(case)-315(recollections)-314(were)-315(all)-314(fresh.)-443(Will)-314(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(attempt)-294(to)-293(persuade)-294(persons)-293(who)-294(live)-293(in)-293(the)-294(city)-293(where)-294(a)-293(public)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(execution)-294(has)-294(taken)-294(place,)-306(that)-294(the)-294(man)-294(executed)-294(is)-294(alive)-294(again,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(succeed?)-309(Will)-270(it)-270(succeed)-270(anywhere)-269(in)-270(the)-270(neighbourhood,)-274(while)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-394(events)-394(are)-393(still)-394(in)-394(everybody's)-393(recollection?)-682(Living)-393(actors)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(must)-405(have)-405(died)-405(out,)-444(memories)-405(of)-405(the)-405(past)-405(must)-404(have)-405(become)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faint,)-214(before)-204(such)-205(things)-204(can)-205(be)-205(made)-204(to)-205(wear)-204(even)-205(the)-204(semblance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-382(possibility.)-645(But)-382(the)-382(plain)-381(historical)-382(facts)-382(refuse)-382(to)-381(concede)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-390(requisite)-389(interval)-390(during)-389(which)-389(such)-390(a)-389(belief)-390(could)-389(slowly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grow)-273(up.)-320(While)-273(the)-273(belief)-274(was)-273(growing,)-279(the)-273(Church)-273(would)-273(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-292(perishing)-292(from)-293(want)-292(of)-292(a)-292(Messiah)-292(to)-293(step)-292(into)-292(the)-292(place)-292(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-366(dead)-366(Jesus.)-597(On)-366(the)-366(contrary,)-395(the)-366(growth)-366(of)-366(the)-366(belief)-365(was)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1883 0 obj << +/Length 4703 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(408)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(rapid.)-274(The)-259(Church)-258(speedily)-258(rose)-258(from)-258(its)-258(ruins.)-275(Before)-258(St.)-274(Paul's)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conversion,)-251(it)-251(had)-250(increased)-251(to)-250(such)-251(numbers)-251(as)-250(to)-251(be)-251(worth)-250(per-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(secuting.)-246(There)-237(was)-237(a)-238(Church)-237(at)-237(Jerusalem;)-242(there)-237(were)-237(Churches)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-289(Jud\346a;)-309(there)-289(were)-289(Christians)-289(in)-290(Damascus.)-367(Before)-289(this)-289(event)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-215(small)-216(knot)-215(of)-216(deluded)-215(fanatics)-216(had)-215(persuaded)-216(thousands;)-226(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-248(formed)-247(the)-248(Society)-247(which)-247(subverted)-248(the)-247(religion)-248(and)-247(institu-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tions)-199(of)-199(the)-200(Roman)-199(empire,)-209(and)-199(of)-200(which)-199(all)-199(the)-199(progressive)-199(races)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-256(men)-256(profess)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 64.967 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(now)-256(in)-256(the)-256(19th)-257(century)-256(of)-256(its)-256(existence)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 172.265 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(to)-256(be)]TJ -259.05 -13.549 Td [(still)-264(members.)-294(The)-264(facts)-265(of)-264(unquestionable)-265(history)-264(utterly)-264(refuse)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-301(the)-300(advocates)-301(of)-301(this)-300(theory)-301(the)-301(time)-300(necessary)-301(for)-300(imparting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(it)-250(even)-250(a)-250(passing)-250(plausibility.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(I)-326(infer,)-346(therefore,)-345(that)-326(the)-327(theory)-326(that)-326(one)-327(or)-326(more)-326(credulous)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(enthusiasts)-359(among)-358(the)-359(disciples)-358(of)-359(Jesus)-359(fancied)-358(that)-359(they)-358(saw)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-459(Master)-460(risen)-459(from)-460(the)-459(dead,)-512(while)-459(in)-460(reality)-459(they)-459(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(labouring)-321(under)-322(some)-321(mental)-321(hallucination,)-339(and)-322(that)-321(they)-321(com-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(municated)-242(their)-242(enthusiasm)-243(to)-242(the)-242(rest,)-244(and)-242(that)-242(these)-242(created)-242(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(they)-219(persuaded)-218(the)-219(others)-218(that)-219(He)-219(was)-218(risen)-219(from)-218(the)-219(dead.)-239(These)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(difficulties)-191(I)-192(have)-191(already)-191(disposed)-191(of.)-231(But)-191(it)-192(has)-191(in)-191(addition)-191(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(difficulties)-250(peculiarly)-250(its)-250(own,)-250(which)-250(I)-250(will)-250(now)-250(briefly)-250(notice.)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1887 0 obj << +/Length 4718 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(409)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -252.311 -30.759 Td [(I)-426(admit)-426(that)-427(it)-426(was)-426(possible)-426(to)-427(recover)-426(from)-426(the)-426(effects)-426(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(crucifixion,)-517(if)-464(taken)-463(down)-464(from)-463(the)-464(cross)-464(in)-463(time.)-891(This)-463(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(learn)-316(from)-315(Josephus,)-333(who,)-332(on)-315(his)-316(return)-316(one)-315(day)-316(from)-316(going)-315(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(when)-329(the)-330(Romans)-329(crucified)-329(the)-329(Jews)-330(in)-329(large)-329(numbers,)-349(as)-329(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-326(now)-327(been)-326(in)-327(the)-326(habit)-326(of)-327(doing)-326(for)-326(some)-327(time,)-345(it)-327(may)-326(be)-326(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(question)-366(whether)-366(it)-366(was)-366(always)-365(inflicted.)-1196(These)-366(persons)-365(had)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([467])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(probably)-206(been)-207(suspended)-206(on)-206(the)-207(cross)-206(for)-206(some)-207(hours)-206(before)-206(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-292(taken)-291(down.)-375(They)-291(were)-292(treated)-291(with)-292(the)-291(utmost)-292(care,)-301(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-279(view)-279(to)-280(their)-279(recovery;)-294(yet)-279(two)-279(out)-279(of)-279(the)-280(three)-279(died.)-337(Such)-279(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(facts,)-250(as)-250(related)-250(by)-250(Josephus.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td 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[(the)-324(basis)-324(of)-324(the)-324(renewed)-324(life)-324(of)-324(the)-324(Church.)-472(Let)-324(it)-324(be)-323(observed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-371(there)-371(would)-371(be)-371(the)-371(same)-371(difficulties)-371(in)-371(re-constituting)-370(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Church)-273(on)-272(such)-273(a)-273(basis,)-278(and)-273(in)-273(procuring)-272(converts)-273(to)-273(this)-272(belief,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-290(there)-291(would)-290(have)-290(been)-291(on)-290(the)-290(other)-291(alt)1(ernative,)-301(which)-290(I)-290(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shown)-250(to)-250(be)-250(untenable.)-250(These,)-250(therefore,)-250(I)-250(need)-250(not)-250(consider.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(This)-280(theory)-279(pre-supposes)-280(not)-280(only)-280(that)-279(the)-280(body)-280(of)-280(Jesus)-280(was)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(interred,)-260(but)-258(that)-257(it)-258(was)-258(committed)-258(to)-257(the)-258(custody)-258(of)-258(His)-257(friends.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(This)-369(fact)-369(we)-369(have)-369(from)-369(the)-368(Gospels;)-429(as)-369(well)-369(as)-369(the)-368(additional)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fact)-319(that)-319(the)-318(time)-319(during)-319(which)-319(He)-318(was)-319(suspended)-319(on)-319(the)-318(cross)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(did)-316(not)-316(exceed)-315(six)-316(hours)-316(at)-316(the)-316(utmost.)-447(But)-316(we)-316(also)-316(learn)-315(from)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1891 0 obj << +/Length 4820 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(410)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(them)-292(that,)-302(before)-292(Pilate)-291(ordered)-292(the)-292(body)-291(to)-292(be)-292(delivered)-291(up,)-302(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(took)-287(care)-287(to)-287(ascertain,)-296(from)-287(those)-287(in)-287(charge,)-296(the)-287(certainty)-287(of)-287(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death;)-322(and)-297(the)-298(fourth)-298(Gospel)-298(affirms)-298(that)-297(one)-298(of)-298(the)-298(soldiers,)-309(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-339(to)-340(remove)-339(all)-340(doubt)-339(on)-339(the)-340(subject,)-361(pierced)-340(his)-339(side)-339(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-320(spear.)-459(Now)-320(without)-320(the)-320(aid)-320(of)-319(the)-320(Gospels)-320(it)-320(would)-320(not)-319(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-293(known)-294(that)-293(the)-293(body)-294(was)-293(committed)-293(to)-294(the)-293(custody)-293(of)-293(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(friends.)-483(If,)-348(therefore,)-347(their)-328(historical)-327(testimony)-328(is)-328(good)-328(for)-327(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fact,)-367(it)-344(is)-343(absurd)-344(to)-343(refuse)-688(them)-343(credence)-344(when)-343(they)-344(testify)-343(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([468])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-323(other)-324(facts.)-469(We)-324(say)-323(distinctly:)-397(if)-323(the)-323(truth)-323(of)-324(the)-323(one)-323(set)-323(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(facts)-251(is)-250(denied,)-251(because)-251(the)-251(Gospels)-250(are)-251(unhistorical,)-251(the)-251(truth)-250(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-324(other)-324(set)-323(\050for)-324(the)-324(Gospels)-324(are)-323(the)-324(sole)-324(authorities\051)-324(must)-323(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-307(assumed)-307(on)-307(their)-307(testimony.)-421(Apart)-307(from)-307(this,)-321(we)-307(are)-307(only)-307(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(liberty)-251(to)-250(assume)-251(that)-250(the)-251(crucifixion)-250(was)-251(conducted)-250(in)-251(the)-250(usual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(manner;)-396(and)-348(that)-348(the)-347(bodies)-348(were)-347(disposed)-348(of)-347(accordingly,)]TJ/F31 10.9091 Tf 267.299 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -267.299 -13.55 Td [(that,)-260(if)-258(the)-258(crucified)-258(persons)-258(were)-258(buried)-258(at)-258(all,)-260(they)-258(were)-258(buried)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ignominiously.)-593(It)-365(has)-364(also)-365(been)-364(affirmed)-365(that)-364(Pilate)-364(sacrificed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Jesus)-362(by)-361(compulsion,)-390(and)-361(that)-362(the)-361(centurion)-362(on)-361(guard)-362(was)-361(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ill-disposed)-297(towards)-297(him.)-391(This)-297(again,)-309(I)-297(say,)-309(we)-297(only)-297(learn)-297(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-220(present)-219(Gospels,)-226(and)-219(I)-220(must)-219(again)-220(protest)-219(against)-220(the)-219(practice)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-329(accepting)-328(their)-329(testimony)-329(on)-328(one)-329(side)-329(and)-328(ignoring)-329(it)-329(on)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other.)-251(The)-251(Romans,)-251(moreover,)-250(were)-251(not)-250(the)-251(sort)-250(of)-251(men)-250(to)-250(allow)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(that)-325(the)-324(crucified)-325(Jesus)-324(had)-325(escaped)-325(with)-324(His)-325(life,)-343(and)-325(that)-324(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fact)-289(was)-288(really)-289(at)-288(the)-289(bottom)-289(of)-288(the)-289(announcement)-288(of)-289(His)-288(resur-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rection.)-560(If)-353(it)-353(was)-353(known)-353(to)-354(any)-353(person)-353(concerned)-353(that)-353(He)-353(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thus)-353(escaped,)-378(nothing)-353(could)-353(have)-353(been)-353(more)-353(dangerous)-353(on)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(part)-339(of)-339(His)-339(followers)-339(than)-339(to)-339(announce)-339(that)-339(He)-339(was)-339(risen)-339(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-382(dead.)-648(This)-382(was)-382(the)-383(very)-382(thing)-383(to)-382(promote)-383(inquiry,)-415(and)-382(to)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1895 0 obj << +/Length 4758 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(411)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(arouse)-384(a)-384(suspicion)-384(among)-384(His)-384(enemies)-384(that)-384(He)-384(had)-384(not)-383(really)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(died,)-331(and)-315(thus)-315(to)-315(induce)-314(them)-315(to)-315(make)-315(every)-315(effort)-315(to)-314(ascertain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-325(place)-324(of)-325(His)-324(retreat.)-474(The)-325(quickest)-324(way)-325(to)-324(put)-325(an)-324(end)-325(to)-324(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(story)-270(of)-271(the)-270(Resurrection)-541(was)-270(to)-270(produce)-270(the)-271(living)-270(Jesus,)-275(weak)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([469])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(and)-373(exhausted)-373(from)-374(His)-373(wounds;)-435(or,)-404(if)-373(He)-373(had)-373(really)-373(died,)-404(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(produce)-410(His)-410(body.)-731(But)-410(not)-410(a)-410(single)-410(whisper)-410(has)-410(come)-410(down)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-339(us)-338(from)-339(the)-339(opponents)-338(of)-339(Christianity)-339(that)-338(He)-339(did)-339(not)-338(really)]TJ 0 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[(is)-362(certain:)-473(either)-362(He)-362(died)-362(shortly)-361(after)-362(from)-362(exhaustion,)-390(or)-361(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lived)-183(somewhere)-183(in)-183(deepest)-184(retirement,)-196(only)-183(receiving)-183(visits)-183(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-258(of)-257(His)-257(followers)-258(who)-257(were)-258(in)-257(the)-258(secret,)-259(and)-258(in)-257(due)-257(course)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-281(expired.)-342(Perhaps)-281(it)-281(may)-281(be)-280(urged)-281(that)-281(His)-281(friends)-280(succeeded)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-230(carrying)-230(Him)-230(off)-229(into)-230(some)-230(distant)-230(country,)-234(and)-230(that)-230(some)-229(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-267(more)-267(of)-267(His)-267(followers,)-271(who)-267(had)-267(seen)-267(Him)-267(slowly)-266(recovering,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mistook)-250(this)-250(for)-250(a)-250(resurrection,)-250(and)-250(propagated)-250(the)-250(story.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td 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548.934 Td [(412)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 11.956 -30.759 Td [(Let)-430(us)-430(take)-430(the)-430(first)-430(supposition)-430(that)-430(He)-430(recovered)-430(from)-429(a)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(swoon,)-251(but)-250(died)-251(shortly)-250(afterwards)-251(from)-250(exhaustion.)-252(This)-250(theory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(involves)-351(the)-350(necessity)-351(that)-350(some)-351(one)-350(or)-351(more)-350(of)-351(His)-350(followers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-392(have)-391(seen)-392(Him)-392(alive)-391(and)-392(dying)-391(of)-392(exhaustion.)-675(Was)-391(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(possible,)-297(I)-287(ask,)-297(for)-288(the)-287(most)-288(deluded)-287(fanaticism)-288(to)-287(mistake)-287(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-343(condition)-342(for)-343(a)-342(resurrection)-342(from)-343(the)-342(dead?)-528(Was)-342(this)-343(a)-342(basis)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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[(But)-316(could)-315(His)-316(followers)-315(have)-315(persuaded)-316(themselves)-315(that)-316(a)-315(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-257(must)-256(have)-257(shown)-256(distinct)-257(indications)-256(of)-257(slow)-256(recovery,)-258(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-302(never)-303(ventured)-302(to)-302(appear)-303(again)-302(in)-302(public,)-316(was)-302(raised)-302(again)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-246(the)-245(dead)-246(to)-246(continue)-245(His)-246(Messianic)-245(work?)-249(If)-246(this)-245(is)-246(the)-245(true)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(account)-367(of)-366(the)-366(matter,)-396(it)-367(was)-366(not)-367(a)-366(delusion)-366(but)-367(an)-366(imposture.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(If)-428(we)-429(suppose)-428(that)-428(a)-428(few)-429(friends)-428(only)-428(visited)-428(Him,)-473(what)-428(did)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +1905 0 obj << +/Length 4393 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(413)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td 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[(more)-242(lines,)-243(sometimes)-241(a)-242(whole)-241(sentence,)-243(transposed.)-247(Sometimes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(words)-278(or)-279(lines)-278(which)-279(are)-278(inserted)-279(by)-278(one)-279(Evangelist)-278(are)-278(omitted)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-329(another,)-349(the)-328(omission)-329(obscuring,)-349(and)-329(the)-329(insertion)-328(throwing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(light)-340(on)-341(the)-340(sense.)-521(At)-341(other)-340(times,)-363(a)-340(whole)-341(incident)-340(is)-340(omitted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which,)-249(if)-248(it)-248(had)-248(been)-248(inserted,)-249(would)-248(have)-248(made)-248(an)-248(obscure)-248(con-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(text)-235(plai)1(n.)-245(In)-235(the)-234(discourses)-235(it)-234(occasionally)-235(happens)-234(that)-235(a)-234(part)-234(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-204(which)-205(we)-204(read)-205(in)-204(the)-204(same)-205(context)-204(in)-205(another)-204(Evangelist,)-213(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-277(seems)-277(to)-277(be)-277(required)-277(by)-277(the)-277(connection,)-284(is)-277(omitted,)-283(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(words)-213(of)-213(nearly)-212(the)-213(same)-213(import)-213(have)-212(been)-213(attributed)-213(to)-213(our)-212(Lord)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elsewhere.)-593(Again:)-478(sayings)-365(are)-364(reported)-364(in)-364(which,)-393(while)-364(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(words)-341(are)-341(the)-341(same,)-364(others)-341(are)-341(varied)-341(without)-341(any)-341(conceivable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason)-232(for)-231(the)-232(variation.)-244(In)-232(one)-231(or)-232(two)-232(instances,)-235(when)-232(words)-231(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(put)-213(into)-212(the)-213(mouths)-212(of)-213(persons)-212(different)-212(from)-213(those)-212(to)-213(whom)-212(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-308(attributed)-308(by)-308(another)-308(Evangelist,)-323(the)-308(grammatical)-616(structure)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([496])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(is)-310(altered)-311(to)-310(suit)-310(the)-311(variation.)-431(Of)-310(this)-310(we)-311(have)-310(two)-310(remarkable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(examples)-208(in)-207(the)-208(account)-208(of)-207(the)-208(healing)-208(of)-207(the)-208(Centurion's)-207(servant,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-218(in)-219(the)-218(narrative)-218(of)-218(the)-219(request)-218(which)-218(the)-219(two)-218(sons)-218(of)-218(Zebedee)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-299(Salome)-300(presented)-299(to)-299(our)-299(Lord.)-398(The)-300(words)-299(are)-299(precisely)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same,)-313(while)-301(the)-300(grammatical)-301(forms)-301(differ,)-313(according)-300(as)-301(the)-300(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-250(the)-250(other)-250(is)-250(regarded)-250(as)-250(the)-250(speaker.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(Such)-319(are)-319(the)-319(chief)-319(phenomena.)-457(But)-319(the)-319(full)-319(extent)-319(and)-319(char-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(acter)-374(of)-374(these)-374(variations,)-405(in)-374(the)-374(closest)-374(union)-374(as)-374(they)-374(are)-374(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(identities)-413(of)-413(expression,)-454(can)-413(only)-413(be)-413(appreciated)-413(by)-413(a)-413(careful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(comparison)-301(of)-301(the)-300(parallel)-301(narrative)-301(of)-300(the)-301(Gospels.)-402(Numerous,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(however,)-215(as)-206(are)-206(the)-206(variations,)-215(it)-207(must)-206(be)-206(observed)-206(that)-206(they)-206(exert)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(scarcely)-354(any)-354(appreciable)-354(influence)-353(on)-354(the)-354(general)-354(sense.)-561(They)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(utterly)-339(negate)-339(the)-339(idea)-339(that)-339(they)-339(can)-339(have)-339(originated)-339(in)-339(any)-339(set)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +2005 0 obj << +/Length 5041 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(434)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 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[(This)-291(last)-291(case)-291(is)-291(perhaps)-291(the)-291(most)-291(remarkable)-291(example)-292(in)-291(the)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(Gospels,)-349(of)-329(the)-329(manner)-329(in)-330(which)-329(an)-329(incidental)-329(variation)-329(in)-329(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Evangelist)-306(throws)-306(light)-306(on)-306(the)-306(obscurities)-306(of)-306(another.)-418(Can)-305(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-359(narrative)-360(be)-359(otherwise)-359(than)-360(historical?)-578(This)-359(note)-359(of)-359(veracity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-293(so)-294(entirely)-293(incidental)-293(that)-294(it)-293(has)-293(in)-294(all)-293(probability)-293(escaped)-293(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(notice)-267(of)-268(nine)-267(hundred)-267(and)-268(ninety-nine)-267(out)-267(of)-268(every)-267(thousand)-267(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-351(readers.)-551(There)-351(are)-350(many)-351(others,)-375(though)-351(less)-350(striking,)-376(all)-350(of)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +2009 0 obj << +/Length 4992 +>> 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[(who)-267(were)-268(our)-267(Lord's)-267(disciples,)-272(for)-267(the)-267(Evangelist)-267(expressly)-267(tells)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us)-302(that)-302(these)-302(words)-303(were)-302(addressed,)-315(not)-302(to)-302(the)-302(multitude)-302(gener-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ally,)-383(but)-356(to)-357(them.)-569(The)-356(supposition)-356(that)-357(this)-356(variation)-356(indicates)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-258(presence)-257(of)-258(something)-257(resembling)-258(communistic)-257(views)-258(in)-257(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(author)-247(of)-247(St.)-249(Luke's)-246(Gospel)-247(is)-247(too)-247(absurd)-246(to)-247(be)-247(worthy)-247(of)-246(serious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discussion.)-447(Taking)-316(them)-316(as)-316(a)-316(whole,)-332(these)-316(discrepancies)-315(create)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-257(appreciable)-256(difference)-257(in)-256(the)-257(teaching)-256(of)-257(Jesus)-256(as)-257(reported)-256(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(different)-250(Evangelists.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td 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[(contained)-208(in)-207(four)-208(Evangelists?)-236(It)-207(is)-208(clear)-207(that)-208(great)-207(disagreements)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existed)-311(among)-311(the)-311(original)-312(authorities.)-433(Let)-311(us)-311(take)-311(any)-311(account)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-328(the)-329(supposed)-328(events)-329(of)-328(three)-329(years)]TJ/F20 10.9091 Tf 166.306 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(do)-328(the)-329(variations)-328(in)-329(the)]TJ -177.215 -13.549 Td [(two)-279(accounts)-278(bear)-279(the)-278(smallest)-279(resemblance)-279(to)-278(the)-279(singular)-278(phe-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nomena)-369(which)-369(we)-369(find)-370(in)-369(the)-369(Evangelists?)-607(Will)-369(they)-369(dovetail)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-380(one)-380(another?)-639(Will)-380(the)-380(small)-380(additions)-380(in)-380(one)-380(throw)-379(light)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-399(the)-399(obscurities)-398(of)-399(the)-399(other?)-696(Do)-399(the)-399(speeches)-399(present)-398(any)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td 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[(an)-197(eye-witness)-196(of)-196(the)-197(facts)-196(which)-197(it)-196(records,)-208(or)-196(it)-197(is)-196(a)-196(consummate)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fiction,)-201(such)-188(as)-189(can)-188(be)-189(found)-188(nowhere)-189(else,)-201(either)-188(in)-188(the)-189(ancient)-188(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-212(modern)-212(world.)-237(Its)-212(author)-212(must)-212(have)-212(united)-212(a)-212(fixed)-212(determina-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tion)-244(to)-243(perpetrate)-244(a)-243(forgery)-244(on)-244(a)-243(most)-244(sacred)-243(subject,)-245(with)-244(one)-243(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-225(loftiest)-224(ideals)-225(of)-225(morality,)-229(and)-225(an)-225(inimitable)-224(power)-450(of)-224(simple)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([512])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(description,)-240(and)-238(of)-238(inventing)-238(fictitious)-238(scenes)-238(in)-238(a)-238(manner)-238(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-320(in)-320(the)-320(highest)-320(degree)-319(true)-320(to)-320(human)-320(nature.)-460(If)-320(this)-320(work)-319(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(really)-294(written)-293(by)-294(a)-294(person)-294(who)-293(was)-294(not)-294(a)-293(Jew,)-305(one)-294(hundred)-293(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fifty)-192(years)-192(after)-192(the)-192(events)-192(which)-192(are)-192(described)-192(in)-192(it,)-203(and)-192(a)-192(century)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-194(the)-194(destruction)-194(of)-195(Jerusalem,)-205(the)-194(accuracy)-194(of)-194(its)-194(descriptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-253(one)-253(of)-252(the)-253(most)-253(singular)-253(phenomena)-253(in)-252(literary)-253(history.)-258(Wher-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ever)-235(it)-235(runs)-235(parallel)-234(with)-235(the)-235(Synoptic)-235(Gospels,)-238(it)-235(throws)-235(light)-234(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-237(obscurities)-236(without)-237(the)-236(smallest)-237(apparent)-236(intention)-237(of)-236(doing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so.)-286(In)-262(some)-262(places)-262(it)-262(helps)-262(to)-262(correct)-262(erroneous)-262(impressions)-262(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-211(the)-210(reader)-211(of)-211(the)-211(Synoptic)-210(narratives)-211(might)-211(otherwise)-210(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fallen.)-535(Even)-345(in)-345(that)-345(most)-345(striking)-345(disagreement)-345(between)-344(them,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(respecting)-324(the)-324(Paschal)-324(character)-324(of)-324(the)-324(Last)-324(Supper,)-342(we)-324(find)-324(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-343(Synoptics)-342(hints)-343(which)-342(corroborate)-343(St.)-528(John's)-342(account)-343(of)-342(it.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(One)-372(simple)-372(alternative,)-402(and)-372(one)-371(only,)-403(lies)-371(before)-372(us;)-433(either)-371(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accept)-399(this)-398(Gospel)-399(as)-398(a)-399(history)-398(of)-399(the)-399(highest)-398(authority,)-436(or)-398(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reject)-250(it)-250(as)-250(an)-250(audacious)-250(forgery.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(It)-224(now)-224(remains)-224(for)-224(me)-225(very)-224(briefly)-224(to)-224(consider)-224(the)-224(value)-224(of)-224(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(testimony)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Gospels)-250(to)-250(the)-250(truth)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Resurrection.)]TJ 11.956 -15.186 Td [(If)-413(one)-413(thing)-412(more)-413(than)-413(another)-413(is)-413(evident)-413(respecting)-412(them,)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +2066 0 obj << +/Length 4619 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(448)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(it)-339(is)-339(that)-339(they)-339(were)-339(not)-339(written)-339(for)-339(the)-339(purposes)-339(of)-338(controversy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-470(unbelievers,)-525(but)-470(for)-470(the)-470(instruction)-470(of)-470(Christians.)-910(It)-470(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certain)-273(that)-274(the)-273(last)-273(thing)-274(which)-273(occurred)-273(to)-274(their)-273(authors)-273(was)-273(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guard)-309(their)-309(narratives)-309(against)-308(possible)-309(objections.)-427(This)-309(is)-308(made)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(clear)-399(by)-399(every)-399(page.)-696(At)-399(the)-399(time)-399(when)-399(they)-399(were)-398(composed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-345(Resurrection)-346(had)-345(long)-345(been)-345(accepted)-345(by)-346(the)-345(entire)-345(body)-345(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believers,)-370(as)-346(the)-346(foundation)-345(of)-346(their)-346(faith.)-538(It)-346(was)-346(therefore)-345(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessary)-339(for)-339(the)-339(Gospels)-339(to)-339(prove)-339(it,)-361(as)-339(it)-339(would)-339(have)-339(been)-339(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-271(had)-272(been)-271(composed)-272(with)-271(a)-271(direct)-272(view)-271(to)-271(unbelievers.)-314(This)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-352(a)-352(point)-352(which)-352(it)-352(is)-352(important)-352(to)-352(bear)-352(in)-352(mind)-352(in)-352(considering)]TJ 4.053 -13.549 Td [(the)-372(nature)-371(of)-372(their)-371(testimony.)-615(Two)-371(of)-372(the)-371(narratives)-372(of)-371(it)-372(are)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -76.808 0 Td [([513])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(entirely)-330(incidental;)-370(and)-330(it)-330(is)-330(quite)-330(clear)-330(that)-330(their)-330(authors)-329(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intended)-346(to)-345(give)-346(an)-345(exhaustive)-346(account)-345(of)-346(the)-345(facts.)-537(The)-345(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(two,)-459(though)-417(giving)-417(us)-417(more)-417(details,)-459(participate)-417(largely)-417(in)-417(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(same)-236(character.)-246(It)-236(is)-236(impossible)-236(to)-236(read)-236(either)-236(narrative)-236(with)-236(care)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-227(not)-228(feel)-227(that)-228(it)-227(was)-228(never)-227(intended)-228(to)-227(be)-228(a)-227(systematic)-227(account)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-279(all)-278(the)-279(facts)-278(with)-279(which)-278(the)-279(author)-278(was)-279(acquainted)-278(respecting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(Resurrection.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-354(is)-354(objected)-354(against)-355(these)-354(narratives)-354(that)-354(they)-354(abound)-354(with)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(variations,)-352(amounting)-332(to)-331(contradictions.)-495(The)-332(variations)-332(are)-331(un-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(questionable,)-268(and)-264(it)-264(will)-264(readily)-264(be)-264(conceded)-264(that)-264(it)-264(is)-264(extremely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(difficult)-278(to)-279(piece)-278(together)-278(all)-279(the)-278(details)-278(of)-279(the)-278(existing)-278(accounts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-400(as)-400(to)-400(weave)-400(them)-400(into)-400(an)-400(harmonious)-400(whole.)-700(In)-400(fact)-400(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-341(inevitable)-342(whenever)-341(the)-342(incidents)-341(described)-342(are)-341(of)-341(exciting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interest.)-434(Such)-312(must)-311(have)-311(been)-312(the)-311(character)-312(of)-311(those)-311(connected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(the)-250(Resurrection.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-315(chief)-315(difficulty)-315(is)-315(found)-315(in)-315(the)-315(details)-315(of)-315(the)-315(morning)-314(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(that)-279(important)-278(day.)-335(They)-279(are)-278(in)-279(an)-278(extremely)-279(fragmentary)-278(form,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-370(it)-370(is)-371(quite)-370(clear)-370(that)-370(we)-370(have)-371(not)-370(all)-370(the)-370(events)-370(before)-370(us.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(If)-315(we)-314(had,)-331(we)-315(should)-315(then)-314(be)-315(in)-314(a)-315(position)-315(to)-314(judge)-315(what)-315(is)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(precise)-285(nature)-284(of)-285(the)-285(variations)-284(in)-285(the)-285(minor)-284(details.)-354(But)-285(even)-284(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contradictions)-257(could)-257(be)-256(proved)-257(to)-257(exist,)-258(how)-257(does)-257(their)-256(presence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(invalidate)-341(the)-340(main)-341(facts,)-363(whose)-340(truth)-341(is)-340(established)-341(by)-340(wholly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(independent)-216(testimony?)-238(The)-216(only)-215(way)-216(in)-216(which)-215(it)-216(can)-215(be)-216(made)-215(to)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +2070 0 obj << +/Length 4446 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 311.038 548.934 Td [(449)]TJ +0 g 0 G + -264.267 -30.759 Td [(do)-289(so)-289(is)-289(by)-290(mixing)-289(up)-289(questions)-289(involving)-289(particular)-289(theories)-289(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inspiration)-330(with)-331(considerations)-330(purely)-331(historical.)-491(Such)-330(discrep-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancies)-250(exist)-251(in)-250(connection)-251(with)-250(some)-251(of)-250(the)-251(most)-250(important)-250(facts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(history)-323(in)-324(their)-323(minor)-324(details,)-341(without)-324(in)-323(the)-324(smallest)-323(degree)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(invalidating)-250(their)-250(historical)-250(credibility.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(This)-325(may)-325(be)-325(easily)-326(tested)-325(by)-325(examining)-325(a)-325(number)-325(of)-650(news-)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([514])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(paper)-383(accounts)-383(of)-383(any)-384(exciting)-383(event,)-416(which)-383(are)-383(derived)-383(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reporters)-281(entirely)-282(independent)-281(of)-282(each)-281(other.)-345(One)-281(witnesses)-281(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thing,)-463(and)-421(one)-421(another;)-506(and)-420(it)-421(is)-421(often)-420(difficult)-421(to)-421(weave)-420(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whole)-372(into)-372(a)-372(perfectly)-371(consistent)-372(narrative.)-616(No)-372(one)-372(can)-371(doubt)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-299(the)-298(morning)-299(of)-298(the)-299(Resurrection)-298(must)-298(have)-299(been)-298(one)-299(in)-298(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(last)-293(degree)-294(exciting)-293(to)-293(the)-293(disciples)-294(of)-293(our)-293(Lord.)-380(They)-293(were)-293(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mere)-288(reporters,)-297(but)-288(persons)-288(profoundly)-288(interested)-288(in)-288(the)-287(various)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occurrences.)-378(It)-292(would)-293(therefore)-292(have)-293(been)-292(inconsistent)-293(with)-292(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(historical)-257(truth)-256(of)-257(their)-257(position,)-258(if)-257(their)-256(narratives)-257(had)-256(presented)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(us)-250(with)-250(no)-250(variations.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-241(is)-241(certain)-241(that)-242(several)-241(women)-241(accompanied)-241(our)-241(Lord)-241(on)-241(His)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(last)-313(journey)-313(to)-313(Jerusalem.)-439(What)-313(was)-313(more)-313(likely)-313(than)-313(that)-312(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-353(visit)-353(the)-352(sepulchre)-353(at)-353(different)-353(times,)-378(and)-353(with)-352(different)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purposes?)-562(Can)-354(any)-354(one)-354(doubt)-354(that)-354(their)-354(excitement)-354(must)-354(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-227(great?)-243(What)-227(conceivable)-228(difference)-227(can)-228(it)-227(make)-228(to)-227(the)-227(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fact)-335(of)-335(the)-334(Resurrection,)-356(that)-335(one)-335(account)-335(mentions)-335(two)-334(Marys)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-277(going)-277(to)-277(the)-277(sepulchre;)-291(that)-276(the)-277(second)-277(adds)-277(to)-277(these)-277(Salome;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-272(the)-271(third)-272(mentions)-272(several)-271(women;)-283(and)-271(that)-272(the)-272(fourth)-271(men-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tions)-298(Mary)-299(Magdalene)-298(alone?)-395(There)-299(might)-298(have)-298(been,)-311(as)-298(far)-298(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(anything)-362(which)-362(appears)-363(in)-362(the)-362(narratives)-362(is)-362(concerned,)-390(several)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(different)-239(visits;)-243(or)-239(the)-240(same)-239(person)-239(may)-240(have)-239(returned)-239(more)-239(than)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(once.)-758(Or)-419(what)-419(is)-419(the)-419(use)-419(of)-420(urging)-419(that)-419(there)-419(is)-419(an)-419(apparent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(variation)-297(of)-297(about)-297(an)-297(hour)-296(between)-297(the)-297(different)-297(accounts,)-309(as)-296(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-395(precise)-394(time)-395(when)-394(these)-395(visits)-395(were)-394(made?)-684(Do)-394(variations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-389(this)-389(description,)-423(which)-389(are)-389(found)-389(in)-389(accounts)-389(derived)-388(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eye-witnesses)-339(of)-339(Louis)-339(XVI's)-340(flight)-339(from)-339(Paris,)-361(in)-339(the)-339(smallest)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(degree)-279(invalidate)-279(the)-279(fact?)-337(Or)-279(what)-279(conceivable)-279(difference)-278(does)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-345(make)-346(that)-345(one)-345(narrative)-345(represents)-345(the)-346(women)-345(as)-345(seeing)-345(one)]TJ +0 g 0 G +0 g 0 G +ET +endstream +endobj +2074 0 obj << +/Length 4727 +>> +stream +0 g 0 G +BT +/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(450)-8255(The)-250(Supernatural)-250(in)-250(the)-250(New)-250(Testament)]TJ +0 g 0 G + 0 -30.759 Td [(angel,)-379(and)-354(another)-354(two;)-405(and)-353(that)-354(one)-353(describes)-354(the)-353(appearance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-309(taking)-309(place)-619(inside,)-324(and)-309(another)-309(outside)-309(the)-310(sepulchre?)-427(It)-309(is)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([515])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(quite)-265(possible)-266(that)-265(all)-265(these)-266(accounts)-265(may)-265(be)-266(true,)-269(and)-265(that)-265(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occurrences)-259(took)-258(place)-259(on)-258(different)-259(occasions.)-276(If)-258(they)-259(were)-258(true,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(nothing)-206(was)-206(more)-206(unlikely)-206(than)-206(that)-206(the)-206(women)-206(could)-206(have)-206(given)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-236(orderly)-236(narrative)-236(of)-236(them.)-245(Variations)-236(must)-236(occur)-236(in)-236(all)-235(reports)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-353(events)-353(when)-353(the)-353(witnesses)-353(see)-353(only)-353(a)-353(portion)-353(of)-353(them.)-559(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-326(facts)-325(before)-326(us)-326(are)-325(plain)-326(and)-326(evident;)-363(and)-326(unless)-326(they)-325(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(falsehoods,)-373(there)-348(could)-348(be)-349(no)-348(possibility)-348(of)-348(mistake)-348(respecting)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(them.)-635(Different)-379(bodies)-378(of)-379(women)-378(found)-379(the)-378(sepulchre)-378(empty.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Some)-319(of)-319(them)-318(affirmed)-319(that)-319(they)-319(had)-318(seen)-319(Jesus)-319(risen)-319(from)-318(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dead,)-255(and)-255(that)-254(He)-254(sent)-255(a)-254(message)-254(by)-255(them)-254(to)-254(His)-255(disciples.)-262(Peter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-286(John)-286(visited)-286(the)-286(sepulchre,)-295(and)-286(found)-286(it)-286(empty.)-358(Later)-286(in)-286(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-315(day,)-332(Peter)-315(affirmed)-315(that)-315(Jesus)-315(Christ)-315(appeared)-316(to)-315(him;)-347(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-328(day)-329(also)-328(two)-329(other)-328(disciples)-329(affirmed)-328(that)-329(they)-328(had)-328(seen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Him)-232(on)-232(a)-232(journey,)-236(at)-232(first)-232(without)-232(recognizing)-232(Him,)-235(but)-232(that)-232(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td 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