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diff --git a/45695-h/45695-h.htm b/45695-h/45695-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7a3bb4c --- /dev/null +++ b/45695-h/45695-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,10165 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html + PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII" /> +<title>The Memorials of the Hamlet of Knightsbridge, by Henry George Davis</title> + <style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */ +<!-- + P { margin-top: .75em; + margin-bottom: .75em; + } + P.gutsumm { margin-left: 5%;} + P.poetry {margin-left: 3%; } + .GutSmall { font-size: 0.7em; } + H1, H2 { + text-align: center; + margin-top: 2em; + margin-bottom: 2em; + } + H3, H4, H5 { + text-align: center; + margin-top: 1em; + margin-bottom: 1em; + } + BODY{margin-left: 10%; + margin-right: 10%; + } + table { border-collapse: collapse; } +table {margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;} + td { vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid black;} + td p { margin: 0.2em; } + .blkquot {margin-left: 4em; margin-right: 4em;} /* block indent */ + + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + + .pagenum {position: absolute; + left: 92%; + font-size: small; + text-align: right; + font-weight: normal; + color: gray; + } + img { border: none; } + img.dc { float: left; width: 50px; height: 50px; } + p.gutindent { margin-left: 2em; } + div.gapspace { height: 0.8em; } + div.gapline { height: 0.8em; width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid;} + div.gapmediumline { height: 0.3em; width: 40%; margin-left:30%; + border-top: 1px solid; } + div.gapmediumdoubleline { height: 0.3em; width: 40%; margin-left:30%; + border-top: 1px solid; border-bottom: 1px solid;} + div.gapshortdoubleline { height: 0.3em; width: 20%; + margin-left: 40%; border-top: 1px solid; + border-bottom: 1px solid; } + div.gapdoubleline { height: 0.3em; width: 50%; + margin-left: 25%; border-top: 1px solid; + border-bottom: 1px solid;} + div.gapshortline { height: 0.3em; width: 20%; margin-left:40%; + border-top: 1px solid; } + .citation {vertical-align: super; + font-size: .8em; + text-decoration: none;} + img.floatleft { float: left; + margin-right: 1em; + margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } + img.floatright { float: right; + margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.5em; + margin-bottom: 0.5em; } + img.clearcenter {display: block; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; margin-top: 0.5em; + margin-bottom: 0.5em} + --> + /* XML end ]]>*/ + </style> +</head> +<body> +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Memorials of the Hamlet of Knightsbridge, +by Henry George Davis, Edited by Charles Davis + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: The Memorials of the Hamlet of Knightsbridge + with Notices of its Immediate Neighbourhood + + +Author: Henry George Davis + +Editor: Charles Davis + +Release Date: May 19, 2014 [eBook #45695] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MEMORIALS OF THE HAMLET OF +KNIGHTSBRIDGE*** +</pre> +<p>Transcribed from the 1856 J. Russell Smith edition by David +Price, email ccx074@pglaf.org. Many thanks to Royal +Kensington Libraries for allowing their copy to be used for this +transcription.</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/fpb.jpg"> +<img alt= +"Knightsbridge—The site of Albert Gate" +title= +"Knightsbridge—The site of Albert Gate" +src="images/fps.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<h1><span class="GutSmall">THE</span><br /> +MEMORIALS OF THE HAMLET<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">OF</span><br /> +KNIGHTSBRIDGE.</h1> +<p style="text-align: center">With Notices of its Immediate +Neighbourhood.</p> + +<div class="gapspace"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center"><span class="GutSmall">BY THE +LATE</span></p> +<p style="text-align: center">HENRY GEORGE DAVIS.</p> + +<div class="gapspace"> </div> + +<div class="gapshortline"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center"><span class="GutSmall">EDITED +BY</span></p> +<p style="text-align: center">CHARLES DAVIS.</p> + +<div class="gapshortline"> </div> + +<div class="gapspace"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center">LONDON:</p> +<p style="text-align: center">PUBLISHED BY J. RUSSELL SMITH, +SOHO-SQUARE;</p> +<p style="text-align: center"><span class="GutSmall">AND TO BE +HAD OF MR. DAVIS, ST. PAUL’S SCHOOLS, +KNIGHTSBRIDGE.</span></p> +<p style="text-align: center">1859.</p> + +<div class="gapspace"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center"><a name="pageii"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. ii</span><span +class="GutSmall">LONDON:</span><br /> +<span class="GutSmall">TAYLOR AND GREENING, PRINTERS, +GRAYSTOKE-PLACE,</span><br /> +<span class="GutSmall">FETTER-LANE, HOLBORN.</span></p> +<h2><a name="pageiii"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +iii</span>PREFACE.</h2> +<p><span class="smcap">In</span> presenting the <span +class="smcap">Memorials of Knightsbridge</span> to the public, +apology must be made for the delay in its appearance since the +announcement of its intended publication. This was +occasioned by the sudden and protracted illness of its Editor: +since his restoration, he has prosecuted the work with all the +diligence which his time permitted.</p> +<p>The book is published in the hope that its critics may treat +its Author kindly, since the brain that indited it is, alas! no +more. It is the result of great assiduity and perseverance +amidst peculiar difficulties, and was only completed just before +the death of the compiler, who, towards its close, had laboured +at it with greater energy than his weakened frame ought properly +to have borne.</p> +<p>The immediate motive for publication was the Editor’s +regard, it might almost be termed veneration, for its writer, +seconded by favourable opinions expressed by several literary +gentlemen who perused the manuscript, and knowledge that many +notices by the same hand had already appeared in “Notes and +Queries,” “The West Middlesex Advertiser,” and +the various local papers that have occasionally been published in +the neighbourhood.</p> +<p>The work was written from notes made at various times, some +having been taken when its author was yet a boy. It may +therefore be described as the labour of his short and painful +life; and it was felt that so long as the result <a +name="pageiv"></a><span class="pagenum">p. iv</span>of his +application was laid aside, so long did the Editor’s duty +to his brother remain unperformed.</p> +<p>As some little notice of our historian may be desirable, the +following sketch is subjoined:—</p> +<p>Henry George Davis was born at 4, Mill’s Buildings, on +August 14th, 1830. While an infant he had severe +inflammation of the lungs, which afterwards became confirmed +pleurisy. He was educated at the Philological School in the +New Road. Of this Institution he was to the last fond and +proud. Having carried off many of its prizes, he always +felt an identity with it. He was of a studious +inclination—a disposition doubtless fostered by his +infirmities; for he was never able to join in the sports of his +fellows. As he arrived at manhood, his disease (increased +in 1850 by rheumatic fever) became much more severe, and finally +released his soul “to its Almighty source” on the +30th of December, 1857.</p> +<p>The Editor has to acknowledge obligations to O. B. Cole, Esq.; +to the author of “Paddington, Past and Present;” to +the Rev. M. Walcot, of “The Memorials of +Westminster;” Mr. Cunningham, of “The Handbook of +London;” Mr. Faulkner’s works; and to those sundry +publications the name of which is given with each +quotation. He hopes his readers may have that enjoyment in +the perusal of the following History which was had in the +providing of it for them.</p> + +<div class="gapspace"> </div> +<p><i>St. Paul’s Schools</i>, <i>Knightsbridge</i>, +<i>June</i>, 1859.</p> +<h2><a name="pagev"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +v</span>CONTENTS.</h2> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span +class="GutSmall">PAGE</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Chap</span>. +I.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Introduction</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page1">1</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Chap</span>. +II.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Historical Associations</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page32">32</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Chap</span>. +III.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Modern Parochial Divisions: The Streets, Public Buildings, +&c. Their Associations, Eminent Inhabitants, +&c.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page48">48</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Chap</span>. +IV.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Belgravia</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page216">216</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Chap</span>. +V.</p> +</td> +<td><p>The Sub-District of St. Barnabas</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page244">244</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Chap</span>. +VI.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Social and Political Summary</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page267">267</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<h2>PERSONS.</h2> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span +class="GutSmall">PAGE</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Allen, John</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page181">181</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bennett, Rev. W. J. E.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page97">97</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bensley, Richard</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page207">207</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Birkhead Family</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page88">88</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Blessington, Lady</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page138">138</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bellamy, G. A.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page215">215</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bernal, Ralph</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page230">230</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bowles, Carrington</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page143">143</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Broughton, Dr.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page228">228</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Buckingham, Anecdote of Duke of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page27">27</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Burton, Judge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page115">115</a></span> & <span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page185">185</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Carlisle, Frederick Earl of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page233">233</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Caulfield, General</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page229">229</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chardin, Sir John</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page215">215</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Cheselden, Mr.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page182">182</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chudleigh, Miss</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page164">164</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Clarendon, Hyde, Earl of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page223">223</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Clarke, Mrs.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page265">265</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Corbaux, Miss</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page266">266</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Cornellys, Mrs.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page156">156</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Cromwell, Family of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page75">75</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p><a name="pagevi"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +vi</span>Danvers, Family of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page82">82</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Derwentwater, Countess of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page82">82</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>De Dunstanville, Lord</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page110">110</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>D’Oliveyra, Francis Xavier</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page210">210</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>D’Orsay, Count</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page141">141</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Duncan, Sir H.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page229">229</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Egremont, Lord</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page232">232</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Every, John</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page81">81</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Eyre, Major Robert</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page37">37</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Foote, Anecdote of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page168">168</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Gamble, Rev. J.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page107">107</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Gardiner, Sir R.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page229">229</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Gascoigne, Mrs.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page154">154</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>George IV., Anecdote of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page236">236</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Grant, General Sir W. K.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page227">227</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Guthrie, Mr.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page266">266</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Harness, Rev. W.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page100">100</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Harrison, Thomas</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page207">207</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Hawke, Honourable Miss</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page228">228</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Higgins, Mr. M. J.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page153">153</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Howard of Escrick, Lord</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page34">34</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Howard, Major</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page234">234</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Humphry, Ozias</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page115">115</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Humphrey, Sir William</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page82">82</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Hunter, John</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page182">182</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Inchbald, Mrs., Anecdote of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page135">135</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Jones, Gentleman</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page227">227</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lanesborough, Lord</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page180">180</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Laremar, William</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page186">186</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lenthall, Sir John</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page75">75</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lens, Bernard</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page210">210</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lewis, Sir G. C.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page110">110</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lewis, Lady Theresa</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page110">110</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lewis, William Thomas</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page265">265</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Liddell, Hon. and Rev. R.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page97">97</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Liston, John</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page188">188</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Liston, Mrs.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page196">196</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Louis Napoleon</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page139">139</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Madan, Rev. M.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page238">238</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Maitland, Sir P.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page229">229</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Marsh, Charles</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page110">110</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Marshall, J.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page215">215</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Miller, Robert</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page210">210</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Milner, Isaac</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page138">138</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Molesworth, Sir W.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page229">229</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Morgan, Lady</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page205">205</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Morgann, Maurice</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page147">147</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Morland, Sir Samuel</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page77">77</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Morison, Dr.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page200">200</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Munster, Earl of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page242">242</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Murphy, Arthur</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page172">172</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Nell Gwynne</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page258">258</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Orrery, Countess of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page211">211</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Ossory, Lady</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page234">234</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Penn, William</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page214">214</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Pennington, Rev. Thos.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page263">263</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Pettigrew, Dr. W. V.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page228">228</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Pickett, William</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page188">188</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Read, John</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page161">161</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Reynolds, Sir Joshua</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page112">112</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Richmond, Rev. Legh</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page226">226</a></span> & <span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page240">240</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Rodwell, H.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page191">191</a></span> & <span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page264">264</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Rutland, John, Duke of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page177">177</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Ryland, W. W.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page171">171</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Skelton, William</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page264">264</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Soyer, Mons.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page142">142</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p><a name="pagevii"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +vii</span>Stirling, E.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page107">107</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Telfair, Cortez and James</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page146">146</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Thornton, Henry</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page137">137</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Thornton, James</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page257">257</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Trevor, Sir John</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page200">200</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Trotter, Thomas</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page177">177</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Troubridge, Sir T.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page229">229</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Tytler, P. F.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page97">97</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Underwood, Dr. M.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page177">177</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Vandervelde, Cornelius</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page80">80</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Villiers, Hon. George</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page109">109</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Wakefield, Edward</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page215">215</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Walcot, Rev. M.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page100">100</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Walpole, Robert</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page81">81</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Ward, Seth</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page211">211</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Warner, Captain</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page253">253</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Wellesley, Marquis of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page170">170</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Wellington, Anecdote of Duke of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page187">187</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Wilberforce, William</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page137">137</a></span> & <span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page241">241</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Wilkes, John</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page136">136</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Wilkie, Note on</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page258">258</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Wright, Dr. Richard</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page215">215</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Yarmouth, Countess of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page215">215</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<h2>PLACES.</h2> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p>Albert Gate</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page100">100</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>All Saints’ Church</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page98">98</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Avery Farm Row</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page252">252</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Baber’s Floor-cloth Factory</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page106">106</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Belgravia</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page216">216</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Belgrave Chapel</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page237">237</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Belgrave Square</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page224">224</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Belgrave Street, Upper</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page242">242</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Blomfield Terrace</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page253">253</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bridge, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page20">20</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Brompton Park Nursery</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page132">132</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Brompton Road</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page103">103</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Cake House, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page121">121</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Cannon Brewhouse, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page113">113</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Cavalry Barracks</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page118">118</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chapel Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page226">226</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chatham House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page103">103</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chelsea Bun House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page259">259</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chesham Place and Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page228">228</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chester Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page228">228</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>College of St. Barnabas</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page250">250</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Commercial Road, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page253">253</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Compasses, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page263">263</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Downing’s Floor-cloth Factory</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page158">158</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Dwarf, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page264">264</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Eaton Place</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page228">228</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Eaton Place West</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page229">229</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Eaton Square</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page230">230</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Eden Lodge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page135">135</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Ennismore Place and Terrace</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page103">103</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Feathers, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page235">235</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Five Fields, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page219">219</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p><a name="pageviii"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +viii</span>Fort at Hyde Park Corner</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page127">127</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Fox and Bull, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page111">111</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Gore House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page136">136</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Graham Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page257">257</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Grosvenor Canal</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page249">249</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Grosvenor Crescent</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page231">231</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Grosvenor House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page146">146</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Grosvenor Place</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page218">218</a></span>, <span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page232">232</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Grosvenor Row</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page257">257</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Grove House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page143">143</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Half-Way House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page179">179</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Halkin Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page237">237</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Halkin Street West</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page237">237</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Hamilton Lodge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page136">136</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>High Road</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page103">103</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>High Row</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page111">111</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Hospital for Soldiers</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page235">235</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Hospital, the Lock</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page238">238</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Hyde Park</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page118">118</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Hyde Park Corner</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page125">125</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Infantry Barracks</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page187">187</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Jenny’s Whim</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page253">253</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Jenny’s Whim Bridge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page253">253</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Kensington Gore</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page131">131</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Kent House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page109">109</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Kingston House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page164">164</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Kinnerton Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page144">144</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Knightsbridge Green</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page144">144</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Knightsbridge Grove</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page156">156</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Knightsbridge Schools</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page91">91</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Knightsbridge Terrace</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page146">146</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lanesborough House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page180">180</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lazar House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page52">52</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lock Chapel</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page241">241</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lock Hospital</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page238">238</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lowndes Square</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page149">149</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lowndes Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page242">242</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lowndes Terrace</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page155">155</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Marble Arch, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page123">123</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Mercer Lodge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page135">135</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Mills’ Buildings</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page117">117</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Montpelier Square</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page159">159</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>New Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page159">159</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Osnaburg Row</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page242">242</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Park House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page134">134</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Park Side</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page160">160</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Prince’s Gate</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page163">163</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Queen’s Buildings</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page170">170</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Queen’s Head, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page163">163</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Queen’s Row</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page171">171</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Ranelagh Grove</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page263">263</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Ranelagh Terrace</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page263">263</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Receiving House, Royal Humane Society</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page121">121</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Ring in Hyde Park, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page122">122</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Rising Sun, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page106">106</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Rose and Crown, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page104">104</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Rotten Row</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page125">125</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Rutland Gate</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page178">178</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Rutland House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page177">177</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>St. Barnabas College</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page250">250</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>St. George’s Hospital</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page180">180</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>St. George’s Place</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page185">185</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>St. Paul’s Church</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page92">92</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>„ „ Appendix</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page280">280</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>St. Paul’s Schools, Append.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page281">281</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p><a name="pageix"></a><span class="pagenum">p. ix</span>St. +Peter’s Church</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page231">231</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Serpentine, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page120">120</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>South Place</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page106">106</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Spring Gardens</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page149">149</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Star and Garter, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page264">264</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Statue of Achilles, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page124">124</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Stratheden House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page110">110</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Stromboli House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page263">263</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Swan, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page176">176</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Tattersall’s</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page197">197</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Trevor Chapel</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page200">200</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Trevor Square</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page199">199</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Trevor Terrace</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page106">106</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Trinity Chapel</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page51">51</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Trinity Chapel (Appendix)</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page279">279</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Upper Belgrave Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page242">242</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Upper Ebury Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page264">264</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Westbourne, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page21">21</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Westbourne Place</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page265">265</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Westbourne Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page266">266</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>White Hart, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page163">163</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>White House, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page250">250</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>William Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page205">205</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Wilton Crescent</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page206">206</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Wilton Place</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page206">206</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Wilton Street</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page243">243</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>York Hospital, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page266">266</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<h2>MISCELLANEOUS.</h2> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span +class="GutSmall">PAGE</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Act for Building Albert Gate (Appendix)</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page277">277</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Address to Liston by Rodwell</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page191">191</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Anecdote connected with the Duke of Wellington</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page187">187</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Assassination, Intended, of William III.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page36">36</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bad State of the Roads</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page24">24</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Boscobel Oak, Trees from</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page130">130</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Cattle ordered to be Slaughtered at Knightsbridge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page33">33</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Churchwardens of St. Paul’s</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page97">97</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Club at the Fox and Bull</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page112">112</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Cromwell Tradition, The (Appendix)</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page275">275</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Cross-road Burial, The last</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page237">237</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Dangers of the Five Fields</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page220">220</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Derivation of Name</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page2">2</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Description of Communion-plate at Chapel</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page62">62</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p><a name="pagex"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +x</span>Discovery of Curious Relics</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page34">34</a></span> and <span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page153">153</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Discovery of Human Remains at Fox and Bull</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page113">113</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Duel between Hamilton and Mohun</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page122">122</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Enlargement of the Chapel</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page61">61</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Establishments similar to Lazar House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page58">58</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Extracts from the Chapel Accounts</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page85">85</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Extracts, Curious, from Chapel Baptismal Registrars</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page70">70</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Extracts, Curious, from Chapel Marriage Registrars</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page69">69</a></span> and <span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page73">73</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Geology of Knightsbridge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page269">269</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Government of Knightsbridge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page271">271</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Grant to Lazar House by James I.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page52">52</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Historical Anecdotes of Hyde Park Corner</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page126">126</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Impromptu on Gore House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page138">138</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Innkeepers of Knightsbridge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page27">27</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Knightsbridge Volunteers</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page37">37</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Knightsbridge a Family Name (Appendix)</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page275">275</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Letter to Liston by Mathews, and reply</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page193">193</a></span> and <span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page194">194</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Letter to Earl Bathurst by Sheriff Waithman</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page41">41</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Local Family Names</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page90">90</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Manor and Parochial Divisions</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page4">4</a></span> and <span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page48">48</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Marriage Statistics of Knightsbridge Chapel</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page90">90</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Ministers of Knightsbridge Chapel</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page63">63</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Olden Time, The</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page23">23</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Parochial Divisions</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page49">49</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Patients discharged from Lazar House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page56">56</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Perambulation Festivities</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page50">50</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Pimlico, Origin of Name of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page245">245</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Population of Knightsbridge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page268">268</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Reminiscence of the Compiler (Note)</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page104">104</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p class="gutindent">Ditto of Shelley’s first Wife</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page112">112</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Reputation of the Chapel for Suspicious Marriages</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page68">68</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Restoration of Knightsbridge Chapel</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page58">58</a></span> and <span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page61">61</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Reviews in Hyde Park</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page119">119</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p><a name="pagexi"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +xi</span>Riots at Knightsbridge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page40">40</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Salubrity of Knightsbridge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page269">269</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>State Visits to French Embassy</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page102">102</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Tradition of Cæsar Crossing the Thames</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page250">250</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Trees from the Boscobel Oak</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page130">130</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Water Supply</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page30">30</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Wyatt’s Insurrection Quelled</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page33">33</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>William III., Intended Assassination of</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page36">36</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<h2>ILLUSTRATIONS.</h2> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span +class="GutSmall">PAGE</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Knightsbridge, the Site of Albert Gate</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><i>Frontispiece</i></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>The Westbourne, from the Park</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page22">22</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Colours of the Knightsbridge Volunteers</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page39">39</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Trinity Chapel</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page62">62</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>St. Paul’s Church</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page94">94</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>The Westbourne, looking north from Knightsbridge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page101">101</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>The Cake House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page122">122</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Fort at Hyde Park Corner</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page128">128</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Oak planted by Charles II.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page130">130</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Hyde Park Corner, 1824</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page131">131</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Queen’s Buildings</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page172">172</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Half-Way House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page179">179</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lanesborough House</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page181">181</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>The Lock Hospital</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page238">238</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lock Chapel</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page241">241</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<h2><a name="pagexii"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +xii</span>ERRATUM</h2> +<p>Page <span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page235">235</a></span>, line 19, for “Grosvenor +Row” read “Grosvenor Place.” <a +name="citation0"></a><a href="#footnote0" +class="citation">[0]</a></p> +<h2><a name="page1"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 1</span>CHAPTER +I.</h2> +<blockquote><p>“Instructed by the Antiquary Times,<br /> +We are, we must, we cannot but be wise.”</p> +<p style="text-align: right"><span +class="smcap">Shakspeare</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p><span class="smcap">Knightsbridge</span> and Pimlico form the +only suburbs west of the metropolis, whose history remains +unwritten. This neglect, perhaps, is owing to the fact that +neither place, till of late, assumed sufficient importance to +attract the topographical writer; nevertheless, I trust the +following pages will show that Knightsbridge is far from +destitute of associations deserving to be recovered and saved +from the ravages of time.</p> +<p>The derivation of its name is somewhat obscure: the earliest +mention of the place I am acquainted with occurs in a charter of +<a name="page2"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 2</span>Edward the +Confessor, in which it is called <span +class="smcap">Kyngesbyrig</span>; in one of Abbot Herbert of +Westminster, nearly a century later, it is spelt <span +class="smcap">Knyghtsbrigg</span>. It is similarly written +in the thirty-fifth year of the reign of Edward III. The +difficulty lies in the transposition from +“Kyngesbyrig” to “Knyghtsbrigg.” +The former sufficiently indicates its origin; and to avoid +perplexity tradition comes opportunely to our aid, to point out +the latent allusion in the latter.</p> +<p>Knightsbridge, of course, must have its legend. No place +in the kingdom exists but must have some story to tell; and if it +cannot show a castle built by Cæsar, and battered down by +Cromwell, recourse must be had elsewhere for such. Well, +then, our legend tells, that in some ancient time certain knights +had occasion to go from London to wage war for some holy purpose: +light in heart, if heavy in arms, they passed through +Knightsbridge on their way to receive the blessing awarded to the +faithful by the Bishop at Fulham. From some cause, however, +a quarrel ensued between two of the band, and a combat was +determined on to decide the dispute. They fought on the <a +name="page3"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 3</span>bridge which +spanned the stream, while from its banks the struggle was watched +by their partisans. Both, the legend tells, fell; and ever +after the place was called <span +class="smcap">Knightsbridge</span>, in remembrance of their fatal +feud.</p> +<p>If this old story, which I many times have heard related, has +tempted us into the realms of fancy for awhile, another +derivation of a totally opposite kind will speedily drive us +therefrom; according to this, the name comes from the word +“Neat,” signifying cattle, and refers to a time when +beasts for the London citizens were ordered to be slain here.</p> +<p>And, again, a commentator of Norden, the topographer, gives +the following anecdote, which it has been thought may account for +the name:—“Kingesbridge, commonly called Stonebridge, +near Hyde Park Corner, where I wish no true man to walk too late +without good guard, as did Sir H. Knyvett, Knight, who valiantly +defended himself, there being assaulted, and slew the +master-thief with his own hands.” <a +name="citation3"></a><a href="#footnote3" +class="citation">[3]</a></p> +<p>Against these two proposed derivations, however, it must be +answered that the place was <a name="page4"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 4</span>called “<span +class="smcap">Knyghtsbrigg</span>” in Herbert’s +charter long before the time to which either of these +circumstances apply. Edward the Confessor owned lands here, +and probably built a bridge for the convenience of those monks to +whom he devised a part of them; hence the name <span +class="smcap">Kingsbridge</span>. Having nothing recorded +whereby we can account for the change to <span +class="smcap">Knightsbridge</span>, we can only surmise that it +was caused by corruption of the name, or that there may be some +foundation, other than the story of the brave Knyvett, for the +legend I have related.</p> +<h3>THE MANOR AND PAROCHIAL DIVISIONS.</h3> +<p>The land constituting this district appears to have belonged +originally to King Edward the Confessor. There is, in the +British Museum, a charter still preserved, a translation of which +was printed by Mr. Faulkner, in which, giving to the church at +Westminster the manor of Cealchyth (Chelsea), with various +emoluments and privileges, the charter +proceeds—“Besides, together with this manor, every +third tree, and every horse load of fruits, grown in the +neighbouring <a name="page5"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +5</span>wood at <span class="smcap">Kyngesbyrig</span>, which, as +in ancient times, was confirmed by law.” This is the +earliest mention of Knightsbridge recorded; the land referred to +is now occupied by Lowndes-square and its neighbourhood.</p> +<p>Knightsbridge is not mentioned in Doomsday Book, neither is +Westbourn, Hyde, nor Paddington; and it is most likely that the +returns for these places are given with the surrounding manors of +Eia, Chelchith, Lilestone, &c. Eia was confirmed to the +Abbey of Westminster by William the Conqueror, and included the +land between the Tyburn on the east, the Westbourn on the west, +the great military road (Oxford-street) on the north, and the +Thames on the south. Yet, although given thus early to the +Abbey, it was not included in the franchise of the city of +Westminster, notwithstanding Knightsbridge, which chiefly lay +beyond it, was so included; for, in 1222, a dispute having arisen +between the Bishop of London and the Abbot of Westminster, +respecting their ecclesiastical jurisdiction, it was referred to +Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishops of +Winchester and Salisbury, and the Priors of Merton and Dunstable; +and they <a name="page6"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +6</span>decided that the Tyburn stream was the limit of St. +Margaret’s parish westward; adding, however, that, +“beyond these bounds the districts of Knightsbridge, +Westbourn, Padyngton with its chapel, and their appurtenances, +belong to the parish of St. Margaret aforesaid.” Part +of Knightsbridge still belongs to St. Margaret’s, and it is +most probable that some great proprietor living in that parish +owned lands here, and hence, in old assessments, such became to +be reckoned component parts of the parish.</p> +<p>In the Confessor’s charter the mention of “the +wood at Kyngesbyrig” gives, I consider, an index to what +the state of the place was then. It doubtless formed a +portion of the great forest which Fitzstephen describes as +belting the metropolis. It owned no lord, and the few +inhabitants enjoyed free chase and other rights in it. In +1218 it was disafforested by order of Henry III., whom we +afterwards find owned lands here; and in the reign of his son, +Edward I., Knightsbridge, according to Lysons, is mentioned as a +manor of the Abbey.</p> +<p>The monks of Westminster gradually acquired other lands here, +additional to those granted by the Confessor. At Westbourn +also <a name="page7"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 7</span>they +had lands, as the decree of 1222 proves; how possession of them +was gained is not, however, known. These properties the +monks erected into a manor, called “The Manor of <span +class="smcap">Knightsbridge</span> and <span +class="smcap">Westbourn</span>;” and by such name it is +still known. The whole of the isolated part of St. +Margaret’s, including a part of Kensington, its palace and +gardens, are included in the manor of Knightsbridge.</p> +<p>That there was a suspicion of the integrity of the +monks’ proceedings, however, we have proof in the fact +that, in the twenty-second year of the reign of Edward I. +(1294–5), a writ of <i>Quo Warranto</i> was issued to Abbot +Walter of Wenlock, to inquire “by what authority he claimed +to hold the Pleas of the Crown, to have free warren, a market, a +fair, toll, a gallows, the chattels of persons condemned, and of +runaways, the right of imprisonment,” and various other +similar privileges, as well as “the appointment of coroner +in Eye, Knythbrigg, Chelcheheth, Braynford, Padyngton, Hamstede, +and Westburn,” &c.; to which he answered, that these +places were “members” of the town of Westminster, and +that King Henry III. had granted to God and the church <a +name="page8"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 8</span>of St. Peter of +Westminster, and the monks therein, all his tenements, and had +commanded that they hold them with all their liberties and free +customs, &c.; and he produced the charter proving the +same.</p> +<p>Such was the reply of Abbot Walter of Wenlock, who appears, +however, to have been by no means over chary of the ways by which +he could bring wealth to his abbey; for we find that, in the +twelfth year of Edward II., his successor, Richard de Kedyngton, +was fined ten pounds because he (Abbot Walter) had appropriated +lay fees in Knythbrigg, Padyngton, Eye, and Westbourne, without +licence of the king. We also find that in the same reign +two inquisitions were held to ascertain what, if any, injury the +king would sustain if certain properties were allowed the +Abbey:—</p> +<p style="text-align: center"><span class="smcap">Inquisitio ad +quod damnum</span> 9: <span class="smcap">Edw</span>. II., No. +105.<br /> +<span class="smcap">Middlesex</span>.</p> +<blockquote><p>“Inquisition made before the Escheator of +the Lord the King at the church of St. Mary Atte Stronde, on +Thursday next, after the Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed +Mary, in the ninth year of the reign of King Edward, by the Oath +of Robert de Aldenham, Alexander <a name="page9"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 9</span>de Rogate, Nicholas de Curtlyng, John +de la Hyde, Walter Fraunceis, William de Padinton, Hugh le +Arderne, William Est, Arnold le Frutier, Simon le Brewere, Roger +de Malthous, and Roger le Marshall, junior—who say, upon +their oath, that Walter de Wenlock, lately Abbot of Westminster, +had acquired to himself and his House one messuage with +appurtenances in Knygthebregge of William le Smyth of +Knygthebregge, and four acres of land there of William Brisel and +Asseline his wife, and nine acres of land there of William Hond, +and twelve acres of land in Padinton of William de Padington, and +three and a-half acres in Eye of Hugh le Bakere of Eye, and +thirteen acres of land in Westbourn of John le Taillour, and +eleven acres of land there of Matilda Arnold, and two acres of +land there of Juliana Baysebolle, after the publication of the +statute edited concerning the nonplacing of lands in Mortmain and +not before. And they say that it is not to the damage nor +prejudice of the Lord the King, nor of others, if the King grant +to the Prior and Convent of Westminster, that the Abbots of that +place, for the time being, may recover and hold the aforesaid <a +name="page10"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 10</span>messuages and +land to them and their successors for ever. And they say +that the aforesaid messuage is held of the said Abbot and Convent +by service of a yearly rent of sixpence, and of performing suit +at the Court of the said Abbot and Convent, and of finding one +man for ten half-days to mow the Lord’s meadow, price +fifteen-pence; and one man for ten half-days to hoe the +Lord’s corn, price tenpence; and of doing seven ploughings, +price three shillings and sixpence; and of finding one man for +ten half-days to reap the Lord’s corn, price fifteen-pence; +and of making seven carriages to carry the Lord’s hay, +price three shillings and sixpence; and performing suit at the +Court of the said Abbot from three weeks to three weeks. +And they say that the aforesaid fifty-four acres and a-half of +land are worth by the year, in all issues over and above the +aforesaid services, nineteen shillings and sixpence. In +witness of which thing the aforesaid jurors have set their seals +to this inquisition.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Endorsed twenty shillings and sixpence. <a +name="citation10"></a><a href="#footnote10" +class="citation">[10]</a></p> +<p>This sum due to the king and paid to him, shows that he still +retained some right or other <a name="page11"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 11</span>over the lands mentioned. But +this inquest does not seem to have given satisfaction to all, for +three years after, another was held before the king’s +escheator and a jury, concerning the same lands; the return was, +however, in the main similar to that of the first inquiry, a fine +of ten pounds being thereupon paid to the king.</p> +<p>But as early as the reign of Henry I. some lands at +Knightsbridge belonging to the Abbey had been aliened from +it—one Godwin, a hermit at Kilburn, having given his +hermitage there to three nuns; Abbot Herbert not only confirmed +the grant, but augmented it with lands at Cnightebriga, <a +name="citation11"></a><a href="#footnote11" +class="citation">[11]</a> and a rent of thirty shillings. +The charter states the land to be granted with the consent of the +whole “chapter and council,” to the holy virgins of +St. John the Baptist, at Kilburn, for the repose of the soul of +King Edward, founder of the Abbey, “and for the souls of +all their brethren and benefactors.”</p> +<p>The next mention of this place occurs in a record dated 1270 +(54 Henry III.), when an <a name="page12"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 12</span>inquisition was held to ascertain +whether two acres of land, &c., at “<span +class="smcap">Kingesgor</span> between Knytesbrigg and +Kensington” were of the ancient demesne of the Crown or of +escheat, its extent, value, &c. The jury returned that +the land was of the ancient demesne of the Crown, and not of +escheat, that it contained three acres, of which the Sheriffs of +Middlesex had received the issues, and was worth by the acre +twelve-pence per annum, and that such land belonged to the farm +of the city of London.</p> +<p>Part of the Hamlet of Knightsbridge was within the manor of +Eia, the boundaries of which I have described. It included, +with others, all the lands now forming the parish of St. George, +Hanover-square, and was given to the Abbey, in 1102, by Geoffry +de Mandeville, in consideration of the privilege allowed him of +the burial of his wife Athelais in the cloisters of the +Abbey. In Doomsday Book it answers for ten hides, but was +afterwards divided into the three manors of Neyte, Eybury, and +Hyde. Neyte is mentioned as early as 1342 in a commission +of sewers, and was near the Thames; Hyde, with lands taken from +Knightsbridge, afterwards formed Hyde Park. All these <a +name="page13"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 13</span>manors were +enjoyed by the Abbey till the Reformation, and at that tremendous +crisis they reverted to the king.</p> +<p>In the account rendered to the king by the ministers appointed +to receive the revenues of the religious houses on their +dissolution, the value of the manor of Knightsbridge and +Westbourn is thus given:—</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">£</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">s.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Knyghtsbrydge et Westborne </p> +</td> +<td><p>Firm’ Terr’</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">2</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">6</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">8</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Knyghtebrydge, Kensyngton, et Westbourne</p> +</td> +<td><p>Firm’</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">5</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">14</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">11</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p>Pquis Cur</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">6</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">4½</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>In the “Monasticon Anglicanum,” vol. i., p. 326, +it is thus entered:—</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">£</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">s.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Maniu de Knyghtebridge et Westbourne Firm’ +Terr’</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">2</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">6</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">8</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Westborne, Knightsbridge, et Kensington, Man Redd et +Firm</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">5</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">14<sup>c</sup></p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">11</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p class="gutindent">Pquis Cur</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">6</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">8½</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>Kilburn Priory was returned as of the value of seventy-four +pounds, seven shillings, and eleven-pence; and by the provisions +of 27 Henry VIII., chap. 28, all its possessions went to the +king. By an act passed in the next session (28 Henry VIII., +c. 38) its lands were exchanged by the king with Sir William +Weston, Prior of the Hospital of St. John of <a +name="page14"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 14</span>Jerusalem, +for his manor of Paris Garden, Southwark. This act recites +the indenture relating to this exchange, describing the property +very fully. <a name="citation14"></a><a href="#footnote14" +class="citation">[14]</a> After specifying the site of the +priory, the Act proceeds—“and all other the demayne +londes of the sayde late Pryory lyeing and beying in Kylborne +aforesayde, Hamstede, Padyngton, and <i>Westborn</i>, in the +sayde countie;” “the hedge rowes rounde aboute +Gorefeld and Goremede” are stated as “conteyning, by +estimacon, xj acres and a half acre, and xx<sup>ti</sup> +rodes,” &c.</p> +<p>The manors of Eybury, Neyte, and Hyde, were, with other Abbey +lands, exchanged with the king for the dissolved Priory of +Hurley, Berkshire, and the exchange was confirmed by Act of +Parliament 28 Henry VIII., c. 49.</p> +<p>In the <i>Valor Ecclesiasticus</i>, taken by command of King +Henry VIII. in 1535, the following entries relating to these +manors also appear:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Repris ex offic Sacrist dei Monasterii<br +/> + Reddit’ resolut’ videlt<br /> +Manerio de Eybury p. iij<sup>lz</sup> acr’ terr in Eyfelde +per<br /> + + +annum iiij.”</p> +<p><a name="page15"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +15</span>“Repris’ ex offic Novi opis<br /> + + +Midd</p> +<p>Reddit’ resolut’ annuat’ de divs terr et +tenements predict videlt.</p> +</blockquote> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">£</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">s.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Prioresse de Kilborne exeunt de</p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">xvj</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Manerio de Eybery exeunt de</p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">xv</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Cust capelle b<sup>~</sup>te Marie monaster predict p divs +terris apud Knightsbridge</p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">x</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">xj</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Et manerio de Ebery pro manerio de Hide</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"> </p> +</td> +<td><p>vij</p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>“Repris ex offic sellarar</p> +<p>Reddit’ resolut’ annuat’ &c.</p> +<p>Dict manerij de Eybury pro terr voc Marketmede</p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">xiii</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">iiij</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>Notwithstanding the Reformation, Knightsbridge was still +reserved to the Abbey, and in the hands of its deans and chapters +it has ever since remained, excepting during the alienation of +church lands in the seventeenth century, when it became the +property of Sir George Stonehouse. The lands at the Gore, +and near to it, passed into various lay hands, and will be +hereafter more fully noticed.</p> +<p>The manor of Eybury also passed into lay hands. In the +Act 28, Henry VIII. c. 49, it is stated as lately in the +occupation of Richard Whashe; and a person of that name rented +the more considerable part of it known as Ebury <a +name="page16"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 16</span>Farm in 1592, +direct from Queen Elizabeth. Other portions of the manor +were similarly rented by persons who underlet the land again, +thereby occasioning great wrong to the inhabitants at +large—for notwithstanding the great length of time these +lands had been in priestly possession, the people, in some +measure, appear to have maintained a claim over them, and +considerable portions were always laid open for use in common at +Lammas-tide (Aug. 1). This ancient right these lessees +under the Queen appear to have been determined to resist, and +enclosed the fields with gates and hedges, on which the +inhabitants appealed, in 1592, to Lord Burleigh, High Steward of +Westminster, for his interference in their behalf. He +ordered Mr. Tenche, his under-steward, to empanel an inquest; and +the decision of the jury being favourable to the petitioners, +they, thinking they should have Lord Burleigh’s +countenance, proceeded on Lammas-day to assert their +rights. The gates were pulled down, and the fences cut +away, on which the tenants appealed on their part to Burleigh, +who, again referring the matter to Mr. Tenche, that functionary, +after inquiry, replied, that “certain of the parishioners +of <a name="page17"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 17</span>St. +Martin’s and St. Margaret’s assembled +together,” and made an entry into their “ancient +commons” by making “a small breach in every +enclosure;” that some of those assembled “were of the +best and ancientest of the parishes; that they carried no weapon, +and had only four or five shovels and pickaxes, and had divers +constables with them to keep her Majesty’s peace;” +and that “having thus laid open such grounds as they +challenged to be their commons, they quietly retired to their +houses, without any further hurt-doing.” One Peter +Dod, in his evidence before the inquest, said “they told +him they would break open to Knight’s Bridge and +Chelsey;” and R. Wood, a constable, testified to the +breaking of the enclosure at “Aubery Farm towards +Chelsey,” whence they crossed to “Crowfield,” +at the upper end of Hyde-park.</p> +<p>Her Majesty’s “poor tenants and farmours” +petitioned Lord Burleigh to commit some of the parishioners to +the Star Chamber, and to stop further proceedings until the case +could be heard in the Court of Exchequer. The inhabitants +rejoined, stating “that Ebury Farm, containing 430 acres, +meadow and pasture, which was <a name="page18"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 18</span>holden of her Majesty by lease, was +granted to one Whashe, who paid £21 per annum. And +the same was let to divers persons, who for their private +commodity did inclose the same, and had made pastures of arable +land; thereby not only annoying her Majesty in her walks and +passages, but to the <i>hindrance of her game</i>, and great +injury to the common, which at Lammas was wont to be laid open, +for the most part, as by ancient precedents thereof made, do more +particularly appear.” They then state this system of +inclosure had prevailed for about twenty years; that in the +Neate, there were 108 acres belonging to her Majesty similarly +enclosed, although they should also be common at Lammas. +Strype, from whom this account is derived, does not state how the +contest terminated; but certain it is that for very many years +the owners of some of these lands paid money to the parish +officers of St. Martin’s, in lieu of this claim; but I +cannot find that this right of the poor has at all for many years +been inquired into. Parochial officers have, in many +instances, sadly neglected their duty; and this is not one of the +lightest accusations against them.</p> +<p>The manor of Ebury afterwards became the <a +name="page19"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 19</span>property of a +family named Davis, who owned it for a lengthened period. +The last male of this family, Alexander Davis, died July 2nd, +1665; by his wife, Mary, daughter of Richard Dukeson, D.D., and +who survived till July 11th, 1717, <a name="citation19"></a><a +href="#footnote19" class="citation">[19]</a> he had one daughter, +Mary, who was married at St. Clement’s Danes, October 10th, +1676, to Sir Thomas Grosvenor. This manor devolved upon +her; and on her death, January 12th, 1730, came to be the +freehold property of her husband, whose descendant has been +ennobled by the title of Marquis of Westminster, and is the +present Lord of the Manor of Ebury.</p> +<p>We will now revert to Knightsbridge proper again. It +anciently occupied a great deal more land than its present +appearance indicates. In the reign of Elizabeth certain +lands appertaining to the park were within it. An indenture +to that effect, dated July 6th, in the eleventh year of the +Queen’s reign, between the Marquis of Winchester, Lord High +Treasurer, and Sir Walter Mildmay, Chancellor of the Exchequer, +<a name="page20"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 20</span>on behalf +of the Queen, and Francis Nevyll, one of the keepers of +Hyde-park, on his own behalf, was agreed to for the better +preservation of the game; and it was ordered that +“our” land, called Knightsbridge land, containing, by +estimation, about forty acres, should, at the costs of her +Majesty, be “rayled” in, to hinder all manner of +horses and cattle (except her Majesty’s “dere”) +entering the said enclosed land. The said Francis Nevyll +then covenants that while he is keeper he will keep the gates +thereof locked, and will not suffer any horses or cattle to be +put therein. He also agrees to make and sell in stacks, or +carry into her Majesty’s hay-barn, all the hay which may be +made within the said “rayled” lands, and deliver the +same to “her Grace’s dere” in winter, and shall +not in the wintry half-year put to pasture within the said +“rayled” land above the number of ten kine or +bullocks, or in lieu of every two kine or bullocks, one horse or +gelding. Another plot of ground, belonging to the +Lazar-house, was also enclosed within Hyde-park; but of its +extent, or why the institution should have been deprived of it, I +have not been able to ascertain.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">The Bridge</span>.—The bridge, +whence the place <a name="page21"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +21</span>derives its name, we are informed by Strype, was a stone +bridge, and most probably the one he described was the same as +remained to our own time. When, or by whom, first erected, +is not recorded; but it is not improbable that the saintly king +who first gave the monks possessions here, to render such more +available, would throw a bridge across the stream. For by +this road even then was the only way to the metropolis from the +west, and the stream was both broad and rapid. It was +situated between the last house of Knightsbridge-terrace (Mr. +Jeffrey’s), and the French Embassy, and a part of it yet +exists under the road; a portion of it was removed for the +Albert-gate improvements. In the churchwardens’ +accounts of St. Margaret’s, Westminster, are the following +entries regarding it:—</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p>1630.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Item, received of John Fennell and Ralph Atkinson, +collectors of the escheat, for repair of Brentford Bridge and +Knightsbridge</p> +</td> +<td><p>£23</p> +</td> +<td><p>6s.</p> +</td> +<td><p>4d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>1631.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Item, paid towards the repaire of Brentford Bridge, and of +Knights-bridge, and for charge of the sute to defend ourselves +from the same, and other expences touching the same, as by the +particulars appeareth</p> +</td> +<td><p>£24</p> +</td> +<td><p>7s.</p> +</td> +<td><p>10d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p><span class="smcap">The Westbourn</span>.—The Westbourn, +for such was the ancient name of the rivulet which ran <a +name="page22"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 22</span>through +Knightsbridge, was one of the numerous streams which flowed from +the range of Hampstead and Highgate to the Thames. Its name +is derived from its being most westerly of those streams in or by +the metropolis. Rising at West End, Hampstead, and running +towards Bayswater, it passed through it, behind St. James’s +Church; here it crossed the Uxbridge-road, and entering +Kensington-gardens, passed through them and Hyde-park, where its +silver thread ran along the centre of the Serpentine, into which +it entered, and by the addition of several ponds, it was widened +in 1731. Leaving the park, it crossed the Great +Western-road at Albert-gate, thence it passed in an oblique line +behind the east side of William-street and Lowndes-square, behind +Lowndes-street and Chesham-street, and bending to the right, +passed under Grosvenor-bridge, where it divided and emptied +itself into old Father Thames by two mouths. The eastern +course was stopped up when the Grosvenor Canal was formed, but +the mouth may still be distinctly traced at the back of +Westmoreland-street. The western mouth is the entrance to +the Ranelagh sewer, to which the stream has <a +name="page23"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 23</span>for many +years degenerated. By an under current, formed in 1834, its +course was diverted at Bayswater, to prevent drainage passing +into the Serpentine; and when the Five Fields were intended to be +built on, a new sewer, for which Smeaton had previously made +surveys, was constructed. The whole of its course is now +covered in, although part of it was open so late as 1854.</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p22b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"The Westbourne from the park" +title= +"The Westbourne from the park" +src="images/p22s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p>The Westbourn was occasionally a source of annoyance to the +inhabitants of Knightsbridge. After heavy rains it +overflowed; on September 1st, 1768, it did so, and caused great +damage, almost undermining some of the neighbouring houses; and +in January, 1809, it overflowed again, and covered the +neighbouring fields so deeply, that they bore the appearance of a +lake, and passengers were for several days rowed from Chelsea to +Westminster by Thames boatmen.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">The Olden Time</span>.—It would +appear from the warning of the chronicler, “not to walk too +late without good guard,” that our locality bore formerly +rather a bad name. And I fear I must admit that it did so, +though, perhaps, not more dangerous than any other of the chief +<a name="page24"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 24</span>highways +to the metropolis. The Great Western Road ran through the +hamlet, which bore a good proportion of inns, the proprietors of +which would appear to have rather connived at the iniquities +practised, and thus rendered the action of the law more +difficult.</p> +<p>In 1380, Richard II., by his letters patent, dated March 2nd, +granted to John Croucher, of Knightsbridge, towards the repairing +of the king’s highway from London to Brentford, customs of +the several vendible commodities therein mentioned (those of +ecclesiastical men, and their proper goods bought for their use, +excepted), to be taken at Knightsbridge and elsewhere, as he +shall think expedient, for three years next ensuing. In +1382 this was renewed, and in 1386 was granted to John Croucher +and Lawrence Newport. <a name="citation24"></a><a +href="#footnote24" class="citation">[24]</a> But, +notwithstanding this early care of the road, it does not appear +to have been always followed up, for Wyatt’s men entered +London, in 1554, by this road; its state materially aided in +their discomfiture, and so great was the delay occasioned that +the Queen’s party were able to make every preparation; and +when ultimately they reached London <a name="page25"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 25</span>their jaded appearance gained them +the name of “draggletails.” It would appear +from the extracts quoted from the St. Margaret’s accounts +that the law was applied to the parish for its neglect in this +respect, and in 1724 a petition was presented to the House of +Commons, praying for an Act to remedy the evil. Twelve +years later, when the Court had resided at Kensington for nearly +fifty years, we find Lord Hervey writing to his mother that, +“the road between this place (Kensington) and London is +grown so infamously bad, that we live here in the same solitude +as we should do if cast on a rock in the middle of the ocean, and +all the Londoners tell us there is between them and us a great +impassable gulf of mud. There are two roads through the +park, but the new one is so convex, and the old one so concave, +that by this extreme of faults they agree in the common one of +being, <i>like the high road</i>, <i>impassable</i>.” <a +name="citation25"></a><a href="#footnote25" +class="citation">[25]</a></p> +<p>Mud and dust did not, however, form the greatest +unpleasantnesses of the road. In <a name="page26"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 26</span>the Kensington register of burials +there is an entry telling of its terrible condition:—</p> +<blockquote><p>25th November, 1687. Thomas Ridge, of +Portsmouth, who was killed by thieves, almost at +Knightsbridge.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>And Lady Cowper, in her diary quoted by Lord Campbell, <a +name="citation26"></a><a href="#footnote26" +class="citation">[26]</a> writes, in October, 1715, “I was +at Kensington, where I intended to stay as long as the camp was +in Hyde-park, <i>the roads being so secure by it</i>, that we +might come from London at <i>any time of the night without +danger</i>, which I did very often.”</p> +<p>It is difficult to understand the cool audacity of some of the +attacks on this road. The <i>Gentleman’s +Magazine</i>, April, 1740, records that “the Bristol mail +from London was robbed a little beyond Knightsbridge by a <i>man +on foot</i>, who took the Bath and Bristol bags, and, <i>mounting +the post-boy’s horse</i>, rode off toward +London.” On the 1st of July, 1774, William Hawke was +executed for a highway robbery here, and two men were executed on +the 30th of the ensuing November for a similar <a +name="page27"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 27</span>offence. <a +name="citation27a"></a><a href="#footnote27a" +class="citation">[27a]</a> Even so late as 1799, it was +necessary to order a party of light horse to patrol every night +from Hyde Park Corner to Kensington; <a name="citation27b"></a><a +href="#footnote27b" class="citation">[27b]</a> and it is within +the memory of many when pedestrians walked to and from Kensington +in bands sufficient to ensure mutual protection, starting at +known intervals, of which a bell gave due warning.</p> +<p>Respecting the innkeepers, the well-known Sheffield, Duke of +Buckingham, in his Memoirs, tells the following curious +story:—“I was informed that the Earl of Rochester, +the wit, had said something of me which, according to his custom, +was very malicious; I therefore sent Colonel Aston, a very +mettled friend of mine, to call him to account for it. He +denied the words, and, indeed, I was soon convinced he had never +said them; but the mere report, though I found it to be false, +obliged me (as I then foolishly thought) to go on with the +quarrel; and the next day was appointed for <a +name="page28"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 28</span>us to fight +on horseback, a way in England a little unusual, but it was his +part to choose. Accordingly I and my second lay the night +before at Knightsbridge privately, to avoid the being secured at +London upon any suspicion; which yet we found ourselves more in +danger of there, because we had all the appearance of highwaymen, +that had a mind to be skulking in an old inn for one night; but +this, I suppose, the people of the house <i>were used to</i>, and +so <i>took no notice of us</i>, <i>but liked us the +better</i>.” And in the “Rehearsal,” +written in ridicule of Dryden, we also have an allusion to the +innkeepers’ habits and +characters:—“<i>Smith</i>: But pray, Mr. Bayes, is +not this a little difficult, that you were saying e’en now, +to keep an army thus conceal’d in +<i>Knights-Bridge</i>?—<i>Bayes</i>: In +<i>Knights-Bridge</i>? Stay.—<i>Johnson</i>: No, not +if the <i>inn-keepers be his friends</i>.”</p> +<p>Until the age of railways set in, these inns did a brisk trade +with the numerous travellers from the western parts. One of +the occurrences of the day was to watch the mails set off for +their destinations; there were above twenty at one time, besides +stage-coaches. Now there is but one of the latter kind, +which still, every <a name="page29"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +29</span>other day, goes to Brighton. Moore mentions in his +Diary waiting at Knightsbridge for his Bessie, coming to town by +the Bath coach. All now is altered—highwaymen, +patrols, and mails are all gone—and the road is the best +entrance into the capital. An Act, passed June 19th, 1829, +placed the Great Western Road, from Knightsbridge to Brentford +Bridge, under the charge of the Commissioners of Metropolitan +Roads.</p> +<p>It was a long time before our hamlet became part and parcel of +the metropolis. A letter in my possession, written by an +intelligent mechanic, fresh from Gloucester, and dated August, +1783, describes it as “quite out of London, for +which,” says he, “I like it the better.” +And so it was; the stream then ran open, the streets were unpaved +and unlighted, and a maypole was still on the village +green. It is not ten years since the hawthorn hedge has +entirely disappeared at the Gore, and the blackbird and starling +might still be heard. We have seen the references to game +in Elizabeth’s time, but few persons imagine, perhaps, that +within the recollection of some who have not passed long from us, +snipe and <a name="page30"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +30</span>woodcocks might occasionally be lowered; now, however, +we are limited to our saucy friend the sparrow, for even the very +swallows have quitted us.</p> +<p>Forty years since, there was neither draper’s nor +butcher’s shop between Hyde Park Corner and Sloane Street, +and only one in the whole locality where a newspaper could be +had, or writing paper purchased. There was no conveyance to +London but by a kind of stagecoach; the roads were dimly lighted +by oil, <a name="citation30"></a><a href="#footnote30" +class="citation">[30]</a> and the modern paving only to be seen +along Knightsbridge Terrace.</p> +<p>Till about 1835, a watch-house and pound remained at the east +end of Middle Row; and the stocks were to be seen at the end of +Park-side, almost opposite the Conduit, as late as 1805. A +magistrate sat once a week at the Fox and Bull, and a market was +held every Thursday.</p> +<p>The water supply was anciently by means of springs and wells, +which were very pure, numerous, and valuable. In the +beginning of the eighteenth century, Park-side was leased from +the Dean and Chapter of Westminster by <a name="page31"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 31</span>the Birkheads, and the few houses +then there were supplied by a conduit they were permitted by the +Crown to use, within Hyde Park. There was a row of conduits +in the fields each side of Rotten Row, whose waters were received +by the one at the end of Park-side, known as St. James’s, +or the Receiving Conduit; and which supplied the royal residences +and the Abbey with water. <a name="citation31"></a><a +href="#footnote31" class="citation">[31]</a> There were +several excellent springs also in the hamlet, one of which +appears to have been public property, from a story told by +Malcolm, to the effect that in 1727, there being an excessive +drought, the supply of water was rendered very precarious, and +disputes arose between the inhabitants of Knightsbridge as to +whom it belonged. The women appear to have taken an unusual +share in this quarrel, which was so fiercely carried on, that +requisition was had to a magistrate to hinder the tongue giving +way to the hands and nails. The magistrate decided that the +water belonged to the St. Margaret’s part of the +hamlet.</p> +<h2><a name="page32"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +32</span>CHAPTER II.<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">HISTORICAL ASSOCIATIONS.</span></h2> +<blockquote><p>—“Thus I entertain<br /> +The antiquarian humour, and am pleased<br /> +To skim along the surfaces of things,<br /> +Beguiling harmlessly the listless hours.”</p> +<p style="text-align: right"><span +class="smcap">Wordsworth</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p><span class="smcap">So</span> small a place as our hamlet +formerly was, it could not have many historical associations of +which to boast, and this chapter must, therefore, be brief. +Too small and unimportant to be the scene of great contests, or +of political intrigues, few notices of it in connection with +history occur, but those few are far from being +uninteresting.</p> +<p>In the year 1361, a dreadful plague broke out in France, and +fears were entertained that it might ravage London. To +prevent this, great precautions were taken, and the King promptly +issued an order, in which, reciting the evils which were +occasioned by the offal and refuse being thrown by the city +butchers <a name="page33"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +33</span>into the Thames, he ordered, on February 25, with the +consent of Parliament then assembled, that to provide “for +the honesty of the said city, and the safety of the +people,” all “bulls, oxen, hogs, and other gross +creatures,” to be slain for the citizens, should be led +either to Stratford on the one side, or Knightsbridge on the +other, and be there slain and dressed ready for sale. And +any butcher offending by killing within these places should be +imprisoned one year: a piece of legislative wisdom our own times +should imitate.</p> +<p>When the Kentish insurrection under Wyatt broke out against +the marriage of Mary and Philip of Spain, Wyatt having vainly +endeavoured to enter London by the bridge, was compelled to march +to Kingston, in order to cross the Thames; arriving at +Knightsbridge, he there rested his men “untyll daye,” +they “being very weary with travel of that night and the +daye before.” In London, the quaint old chronicler +tells us, “there was no small adowe,” and by nine +o’clock on the morning of February 7, 1556, Wyatt set his +men in motion, and “planting his ordenance upon the hill, +almost over agaynst the park corner,” left it <a +name="page34"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 34</span>there under a +guard, and marched towards Charing Cross. The Earl of +Pembroke, who commanded Mary’s troops, hovered about +“untyll all was passed by, saving the tayle,” which +he cut off from the main body. This misfortune ruined +Wyatt, who soon after was captured, and ultimately executed; his +head being set up on Hay Hill, not far from the spot where he had +left his cannon.</p> +<p>During the contest between Charles I. and his people, many +skirmishes are traditionally said to have occurred here. +Although in the numerous works of all kinds I have referred to, +no mention could be found of such; yet that they did take place, +many remains of that period, since brought to light, +testify. Mr. Faulkner records the discovery of a helmet, +breastplate, and some swords, on the site of Lowndes +Square. In 1840, many human remains, coins of +Charles’ time, some curious horse-shoes, and trappings, +were dug up when the Albert Gate improvements were made. In +Grosvenor Place, and various spots in the Five Fields, similar +remains have also been discovered.</p> +<p>The infamous Lord Howard of Escrick, on <a +name="page35"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 35</span>whose +perjured evidence Algernon Sidney was beheaded, had a house at +Knightsbridge, and it was the resort of all the desperate and +unprincipled adventurers <a name="citation35"></a><a +href="#footnote35" class="citation">[35]</a> who are sure to be +found attached to the ranks even of the noble and high-minded in +such contests as were then going on between Charles II. and the +Whigs. He wrought himself into their consultations, and +pretended entire devotion to their cause; but it was only to ruin +their plans and consign the leaders to the scaffold.</p> +<p>Roger North, in his “Examen,” states that when the +Rye House Plot became known, the King commanded Howard’s +apprehension, and accordingly the Serjeant-at-Arms proceeded to +Knightsbridge, beset his house, and going in to search for him, +“though he found the bed warm where he lay,” yet +could not find him, till at last they discovered him hidden +behind a chimney, on which “he came out in his shirt and +yielded himself.” He saved himself, as is well known, +by despicably witnessing against others: the ballads and satires +of the day contain many allusions to him, and his promised <a +name="page36"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 36</span>deeds, of +which the following may serve as a specimen:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Was it not a damn’d thing,<br /> + That Russell and Hampden,<br /> +Should serve all the projects of hot-headed Tory?<br /> + But much more untoward<br /> + To appoint my Lord Howard<br /> +Of his own purse and credit, to raise men and money,<br /> + Who at Knightsbridge did hide<br /> + Those brisk boys unspy’d,<br /> +That at Shaftsbury’s whistle were ready to follow,<br /> + But when aid he should bring,<br /> + Like a true Brentford king,<br /> +He was here with a whoop, and there with a hollo.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Lord Howard died in 1683, and was succeeded by his son +Charles, at whose death, in 1715, the sullied title became +extinct.</p> +<p>Our hamlet has one more association with Stuart plots; but +this time the Stuarts’ partisans were the plotters. +In 1694 Sir William Barclay and Sir William Perkins, two staunch +Jacobites, formed a plot for the assassination of William III.; +the plan being to waylay the King on his return to Kensington +from some hunting excursion, and shoot him. The plan +required a number of conspirators to render it successful, and +herein lay the monarch’s safety. Captain Porter, one +of the first to join, gave notice to the ministers, and several +engaged in the crime <a name="page37"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 37</span>were apprehended. Porter, on +the trial, stated that he had been with two others to survey the +ground, lying at the Swan at Knightsbridge one night, and there +talking over their plans. Finally, it was agreed to commit +the foul deed in a lane near to Turnham Green. Perkins and +others were found guilty on most clear evidence, and suffered +death at Tyburn accordingly.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">The Knightsbridge +Volunteers</span>.—Notwithstanding the declaration of our +brave tars on the threatened invasion of our shores, by Napoleon +in 1803, that he should not come by <i>water</i>, great +excitement prevailed, and volunteers were enrolled from one end +of the country to the other, and a deadlier contest never cursed +the earth than such would have been, had the Emperor dared to put +his project into execution. Among those earnest men who at +this crisis rendered genuine service to the country by their +energies in this particular, was Major Robert Eyre, an officer +who had seen much and real service in the American War of +Independence, and elsewhere, but who had now settled down at +Knightsbridge, where for years he resided, one of the most +respected of its <a name="page38"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +38</span>inhabitants. He offered to raise a corps in the +hamlet, although it had already furnished a number of men to the +regiments of the surrounding locality. His offer was +accepted in the following terms:—</p> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: right">London, August 14th, +1803.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Sir</span>,—Lord Hobart has +acquainted me, that the King has derived great satisfaction from +the zeal and public spirit which have been manifested by the +offer lately communicated to me by you, which his Majesty has +most graciously been pleased to approve and accept. You +will be pleased to name your officers.</p> +</blockquote> +<p style="text-align: right">I have the honour to be, Sir,<br /> +Your most obedient servant,<br /> +<span class="smcap">Scott Titchfield</span>.</p> +<blockquote><p>To Major Robert Eyre.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>The regiment was raised at the Major’s expense, +numbering 146 men, and he brought them to a high state of +efficiency. Major Eyre presented them with a pair of +colours, one of which, a blue flag, has on it a painted rebus +device, of a knight in armour riding over a <a +name="page39"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 39</span>bridge, +emblematical of the name of the hamlet. <a +name="citation39"></a><a href="#footnote39" +class="citation">[39]</a></p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p39b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"The colours of the Knightsbridge volunteers" +title= +"The colours of the Knightsbridge volunteers" +src="images/p39s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p>On the 26th and 28th October, 1803, King George III. in great +state and formality reviewed the volunteers of the metropolis in +Hyde Park. The Knightsbridge regiment appeared on the +latter day, and the vast body acquitted themselves with great +satisfaction to the authorities. In the United Service +Institution Library is preserved a paper confidentially +communicated to the commander of every regiment, describing the +position each corps was to take up in case alarm should <a +name="page40"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 40</span>occur, and +from it I find that the 1st Battalion of the Queen’s Royal +Volunteer Infantry, Col. Hobart, were to patrol along Grosvenor +Place and Pimlico, to the Palace, and along Piccadilly, to +communicate with the 2nd Battalion of the same regiment, and the +St. Margaret’s and St. George’s Regiments. This +2nd Battalion were to patrol Sloane Street, leaving one company +in Chelsea Waterworks, and to communicate with the Knightsbridge +corps, who were to remain in reserve at the north end of Sloane +Street.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Riots at Knightsbridge</span>.—In +those good old electioneering times, “the days when George +III. was king,” our hamlet was many a time the scene of +riot. Such scenes, of course, will not be here detailed; +but two of them were too serious to be passed over entirely, +viz., on March 28th, 1768, and October 4th, 1803. On the +former occasion, Wilkes and Cooke were elected for Middlesex; it +was customary for a London mob to meet the Brentford one in and +about Knightsbridge; and as Wilkes’ opponent was riding +through with a body of his supporters, one of them hoisted a +flag, on which was inscribed, “No Blasphemer,” and <a +name="page41"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 41</span>terrible +violence instantly ensued. At the latter election, Burdett +was the popular candidate, and the excitement, which had been +very great throughout, culminated with the junction of the mobs +at Knightsbridge, causing much confusion and damage.</p> +<p>The last riot in Knightsbridge was on the occasion of the +funeral of Honey and Francis (who were shot in the rioting on the +occasion of the funeral of Caroline of Brunswick) on August 26th, +1821. It occasioned a correspondence between the Sheriff +and the Government; and being fully described therein, I insert +it here.</p> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: center"><span class="smcap">Mr. +Sheriff Waithman to Earl Bathurst</span>.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">My Lord</span>,—I consider it my +duty to apprise his Majesty’s Government, through your +Lordship, of a violent outrage on the public peace, committed by +some individuals of the Life Guards, at Knightsbridge, yesterday, +and of an attempt at assassination upon me personally, while in +the execution of my duty as Sheriff of Middlesex, as the head of +the civil power of the county.</p> +<p>Your Lordship thought proper to direct the <a +name="page42"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 42</span>Lord Mayor on +Saturday to take the necessary measures to preserve the peace of +the city, during the intended funeral of Honey and Francis; and, +although no such caution was addressed to the Sheriff, as +conservator of the public peace of the county, I felt it my duty +to direct the deputy-sheriffs of the city and county to order out +the constables of the divisions nearest to, and through which the +funeral was expected to pass; and also to attend in person, with +proper officers, to prevent or quell any tumult or disorder.</p> +<p>Conceiving that under the existing irritation of the people, +and the circumstances for which they had assembled, some insult +might be offered to the Life Guards in their barracks, I disposed +of the constables chiefly in that vicinity, and actually ranged a +body of them in front of the barracks, with instructions to +apprehend every person who should attempt to commit any outrage +or disorder.</p> +<p>The funeral, in consequence of these precautions, passed the +barracks in an orderly and quiet manner, marked by no other +peculiar circumstance than that of a brick being thrown from the +barracks, which fell near my horse, <a name="page43"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 43</span>and wounded, as I am informed, a +young girl. My admonitions, and the presence of the +constables, succeeded, however, in repressing the irritation this +wanton act was calculated to excite.</p> +<p>When the procession had passed, and while the road continued +to be crowded with people, the gates of the barracks were thrown +open, and the avenue filled with soldiers. The people, as +might have been foreseen, gathered round the spot, and expressed +their displeasure.</p> +<p>A tumult seemed inevitable. I requested to speak to the +officer on duty, but without effect; and, at length, by repeated +expostulations with the soldiers, I succeeded in prevailing on +them to retire and close the gates.</p> +<p>Some time after, upon returning to the same spot, I saw a +number of soldiers running from the wicker gate, and pursuing the +people on the causeway. Finding an affray actually +commenced, I sprung my horse upon the causeway, interposed +between the parties, and succeeded in separating them. +While thus engaged, a soldier, with whom I had before been +expostulating, and who was, therefore, acquainted with <a +name="page44"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 44</span>my official +situation, started forward at a man, and knocked him down. +At the same time, while using my utmost endeavours to prevail on +the soldiers to retire into the barracks, and the people to +desist and keep the peace, the bridle of my horse was violently +seized, on the one side by a young officer in undress, and on the +other by the soldier whose violence I had just noticed, and who, +together, endeavoured to throw my horse over the causeway; and I +only succeeded in extricating myself by striking the soldier with +my stick, and making my horse plunge. Immediately several +of the soldiers rushed at me with their swords drawn, and one +actually loaded his carbine, and directed it towards me, but was, +I am informed, knocked down by one of the constables. +Further mischief was prevented by the interposition of some +military officers of higher authority, and the soldiers at length +retired into their barracks.</p> +<p>My Lord, these circumstances require no comment. At a +critical juncture the soldiers were left to their own exasperated +feeling, and manifested a lawless spirit. The civil power +under my direction was fully adequate for the <a +name="page45"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 45</span>preservation +of the peace among the people, but not to encounter an armed +soldiery. I had no communication from his Majesty’s +Government, nor could I obtain an interview with any of the +officers of the regiment. . . . I feel assured that had I +not interposed with the civil power and even risked my own life, +a frightful slaughter must have ensued. Of subordination to +civil authority the soldiers appeared to be wholly unconscious, +and that authority, in my person, was repeatedly insulted, and +grossly outraged.</p> +<p>It would, my Lord, be as needless as presumptuous in me to +attempt to instruct your Lordship and his Majesty’s +Government in the nature of the constitutional authority under +which I attended yesterday, or the right I possessed in my +official character to have claimed the aid and assistance of +these very military to suppress tumult, who have, upon this +occasion, in open defiance of the civil authority, been the +promoters of it; nor need I add one word in aggravation of the +enormity of the offences committed: the offenders can some of +them be identified, and I trust your Lordship will cause +immediate and effectual means to be adopted <a +name="page46"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 46</span>to bring them +to justice, as a salutary example to others.</p> +</blockquote> +<p style="text-align: right">I have the honour to be, my Lord, +&c.,<br /> +R. <span class="smcap">Waithman</span>.</p> +<blockquote><p>Bridge Street, August, 27th, 1821.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>To this letter Earl Bathurst replied as follows:—</p> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: right">Whitehall, August 28th, +1821.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Sir</span>,—I have to acknowledge +the receipt of your letter of the 27th inst., relative to a riot +which took place at Knightsbridge on Sunday last. I had, +before the receipt of your letter, given directions for an +inquiry to be made into the circumstances of this transaction, in +consequence of representations made to me, which, I am bound to +say, differ in many essential particulars from the statement I +have received from you.</p> +<p>I cannot refrain from expressing my regret and surprise, that +when the civil power under your direction was fully adequate (as +you state) for the preservation of the peace among the people, a +mob should have been permitted to remain in a continued state of +riot, after the soldiers <a name="page47"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 47</span>had been withdrawn within their +barracks, until the Riot Act was read by Mr. Conant, and the +rioters dispersed by the peace officers under his immediate +orders; and I do not understand that in the execution of this +duty he received any assistance from you.</p> +<p style="text-align: right">I am, Sir, &c.<br /> +<span class="smcap">Bathurst</span>.</p> +<p>Mr. Sheriff Waithman.</p> +</blockquote> +<h2><a name="page48"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +48</span>CHAPTER III.<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">MODERN PAROCHIAL DIVISIONS: THE STREETS, +PUBLIC BUILDINGS, ETC. THEIR ASSOCIATIONS, EMINENT +INHABITANTS, ETC.</span></h2> +<blockquote><p>“I pray you let us satisfy our eyes<br /> +With the memorials, and the things of fame<br /> +That do renown this city.”</p> +<p style="text-align: right"><span +class="smcap">Shakspeare</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p><span class="smcap">The</span> parish church of St. Margaret, +Westminster, is the mother church of this locality. +Although the Decree of 1222, before referred to, limited the +western boundary of that parish to the Tyburn stream, it declared +that beyond that stream lay the town of Knightsbridge, which +belonged to it. In what parish the manor of Eia was +situated is not stated, but it is most likely that the higher +portion of it was a forest, and the lower, it is certain, was +partly a marsh, and consequently altogether unnoticed by the +assessors; for the growth of parishes was very gradual, and their +proper boundaries for ages undefined. <a +name="page49"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 49</span>St. +Martin’s-in-the-Fields is mentioned as early as 1225, but +did not become a regular parish till after 1337, and not +independent of St. Margaret’s till 1535. In St. +Martin’s the whole of the manor of Eia was then included; +it consequently reached as far as the Westbourne, and included a +part of Knightsbridge; this arrangement continued till the parish +of St. George, Hanover Square, in 1724, was formed out of St. +Martin’s, and then this distant part was included, absurdly +enough, within the new parish.</p> +<p>On the west of the rivulet, which here divides St. +George’s parish from St. Margaret’s and Chelsea, the +hamlet stands partly in those and partly in Kensington +parish. St. Margaret’s stretches from William Street, +behind Lowndes Terrace, across the top of Sloane Street, behind +Brompton Road, continuing the line behind Arthur Street to the +bottom of Ennismore Mews, where, abutting on the north wall of +Brompton Churchyard, it strikes off in a north-west direction and +crosses the Kensington Road just below Hyde Park Terrace, whence +it runs along the road into the town, and, including a few houses +on <a name="page50"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 50</span>the +north side of High Street, it enters the Royal Gardens, including +a considerable portion thereof, and the whole of the palace, +within its boundary; it joins Paddington at a point on the +Uxbridge Road, and thence returns through the Serpentine to +Knightsbridge.</p> +<p>The parish officers of St. Margaret alone beat the bounds now, +and they appear always to have been strict in this duty, which, +from some entries in their books, one would consider to have been +a little festive occasionally:—</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p>1595.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Item, paid for bread, drink, cheese, fish, cream, and +other victuals, when the worshipfull of the parish, and very many +others of the poorer sort, went the perambulation to Kensington, +in this hard and dere time of all things, as may appear by a bill +of particulars</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">£7</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">10s.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>1597.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Item, for the charges of diet at Kensington for the +perambulacion of the parish, being a yere of great scarcity and +deerness</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">£6</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">8s.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">8d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>1642.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Item, spent at Knightsbridge, when divers of the burgesses +and vestriemen of this parish went the perambulation</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">£2</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">19s.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">9d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>1668.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Item, expended at a perambulation this yeare at +Knightsbridge</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">£26</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">13s.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">4d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>Henry VIII.’s corpse passed through Knightsbridge for +interment at Windsor. <a name="page51"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 51</span>In the St. Margaret’s books is +the following entry:—</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p>1547.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Paid to the poor men that did bere the copis and other +necessaries to Knightsbridge, when that King Henry the Eighth was +brought to his burial to Wynsor, and to the man that did ring the +bells</p> +</td> +<td><p>£0</p> +</td> +<td><p>3s.</p> +</td> +<td><p>0d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>Chelsea parish includes Lowndes Square and the adjoining +streets, while Kensington includes Queen’s Buildings, and a +few houses in Sloane Street. Thus is Knightsbridge absurdly +divided, when for generations there has existed within it a place +of worship which could have been easily rendered the focus of a +new and independent parish, had its patrons been so minded. +The opportunity was lost when St. George’s was formed, and +Trinity Chapel, from having been, as it were, the nursing-mother +around which the village gathered, was permitted to dwindle, +without a thought for it, into comparative insignificance. +This ancient religious edifice I will now give an account of.</p> +<h3>TRINITY CHAPEL</h3> +<p>Was anciently attached to a Lazar-house or Hospital, with the +history of which it is most <a name="page52"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 52</span>intimately connected. When or +by whom founded is not known—at least, if such is recorded, +it is not mentioned by any writer on ecclesiastical affairs; but +as it appears always to have been attached to the Abbey of +Westminster, we may conclude its foundation was connected with +that establishment.</p> +<p>The earliest mention I have met with of the Lazar-house is in +a grant of James I., preserved in the British Museum, <a +name="citation52"></a><a href="#footnote52" +class="citation">[52]</a> as follows:—</p> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">1605, <span +class="smcap">James</span> R. By ye king,</p> +<p>Trustie and welbeloued wee grete you well. Whereas we +are given to understand that the sick, lame, and impotent people +in our hospitall of Knighte-bridge, in our county of Middlesex, +are greatly distressed for want of wholesome water, both for the +dressing of their meat, and for making condiment potions for +their sores, and that in our park called Hyde Park, in our sayd +county, adjoyning to the sayd hospitall, there is within of 140 +paces of the sayd hospitall a meete spring of good water, +w<sup>of</sup> by pipe of lead of the charge of five and thirty +pounds, may safely <a name="page53"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +53</span>be brought to serve the sayde house, for their relief in +yt behalf, without any inconvenience growing thereby to our said +parke; in consideration of ye poverty, and for the contynuall use +and ease of ye sayd impotent and distressed people, wee are +graciously pleased to bestow uppon them ye sayd sum of +xxxv<i>l.</i>, lawful money of England, for and towards the +charge of bringinge the sayde springe water to the sayde house by +pipe of lead. Wherefore our pleasure is, that you, our +warden of our Mint, shall appoint workmen, and give order for the +doing thereof, and defray the charge, not exceeding the sayd sum +of xxxv<i>l.</i>; ffor the which wee do hereby give you full +allowance out of those our moneys as remayne in your hande, +lately coyned in our Tower. And this shall be our +sufficient warrant unto you, and the duplicate of this published +by you a sufficient warrant and discharge to ye keeper and +keepers of ye sayde parke, and to all other persons that may +consent for the doing hereof. Given under our sign, +&c., at o<sup>r</sup> Castle of Windsor, the sixth day of +September, in ye thyrd yere of our raigne of <a +name="page54"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 54</span>England, +France, and Ireland, and of Scotland the thirty-eighth.</p> +<p>To our trusty and welbeloued servant S<sup>r</sup> Thomas +Knyvett, Knight, warden of our mynt. C. C. <span +class="smcap">Inwood</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>But, although this is the earliest document concerning the +Lazar-house I have seen, there exist earlier, to which the public +have not access. Lysons says there is, among the records of +the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, a statement of its condition +in 1595, drawn up by John Glassington, Governor of the House, by +profession a surgeon, and whose family rented the hospital, +&c., from the Church of Westminster (at the rent of 4s. per +annum) for many years. In this document he states that +there were no lands belonging to this hospital, nor a groat of +endowment; that there had been a certain piece, which was then +enclosed within Hyde Park, to the great detriment of the +charity. He also states that when he became governor, the +building was ready to fall; that he had expended above £100 +on it; that there were commonly thirty-six or thirty-seven <a +name="page55"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 55</span>persons in +the house, who were supported by voluntary contributions; that +the charge of the previous year, in provisions only, and +exclusive of candles, linen, woollen, salves, medicines, burials, +&c., had been £161 19s. 4d. He adds a list of +fifty-five persons whom he had cured, some of whom had been +dismissed as incurable from other hospitals. An account of +the regulations of the house is subjoined by him, by which it +appears that the patients attended prayers every morning and +evening, and that on Sundays there was morning and evening +service for the neighbours; that those who were able were obliged +to work; that they dined every day on “warm meat and +porrege,” and that every man had his own “dish, +platter, and tankard, to kepe the broken from the whole.” +<a name="citation55"></a><a href="#footnote55" +class="citation">[55]</a></p> +<p>In the parish accounts of St. Margaret’s are several +entries relating to this hospital:</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p>1634.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Item, for a pair of sheetes for Jane Clare, when wee sent +her to the Spittle at Knightsbridge</p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p>3s.</p> +</td> +<td><p>6d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>1638.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Item, to Mr. Winter, keeper of the hospitall at +Knightsbridge, for the keeping of the Three Innocents for one +month</p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p>16s.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>1639.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Item, to Mr. Thomas Neale, for three paire of shoes, <a +name="page56"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 56</span>two paire for +the poore Innocents at the Spittle at Knightsbridge, &c.</p> +</td> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p>6s.</p> +</td> +<td><p>6d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>1646.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Disbursements for the poore Innocents in the Spittle, or +Lazar-house, at Knightsbridge; sum total,</p> +</td> +<td><p>£4</p> +</td> +<td><p>2s.</p> +</td> +<td><p>11d. <a name="citation56"></a><a href="#footnote56" +class="citation">[56]</a></p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>There are no books or accounts of the Lazar-house existing at +the Chapel now, neither have I been able to ascertain whether +they exist elsewhere, or even at all. But in one of the +register books still preserved is a list of persons discharged +from it; the date of the year is not given, but I have reason to +think it about 1676. There are twenty-seven entries, of +which the following may serve as samples:—</p> +<blockquote><p>March 5—Priscilla Knight to London, +criple.</p> +<p>,, 6—Mary ffranklin to Berkshire.</p> +<p>,, 9—John Wordner, his wife, to children, to Bristow, +criple.</p> +<p>,, 10—Nicholas fflood, his wife, 4 children, to Wales, +criple.</p> +<p>,, 18—Robert Dicerson, his wife, 2 children, to +Gloster.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>These unfortunate creatures most probably begged their way up +from the country, and, while inmates here, owed their subsistence +to charitable contributions, and, when cured, had to beg their +way home again. There was also <a name="page57"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 57</span>the following entry in another book, +date about 1695:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Thomas Pirkin, a soldier under Captain John +Callipfield, in Brigadier Solwin’s regiment, died in +Hospital in August last past.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Like its origin, its end is obscure: I cannot trace when, or +from what causes, its useful and Christian career was +terminated. It was certainly existing when Newcourt was +collecting materials for his “Repertorium,” published +in 1720, and that is the last allusion to it I can find.</p> +<p>It has always been traditionally related in Knightsbridge, +that during the fatal year of the plague, 1666, the institution +was for a while given up to those who had been attacked by that +scourge; and it is also said that the enclosed plot on the Green +was the spot where its victims, here and elsewhere in the +locality, were buried.</p> +<p>In Butler’s “Hudibras” (III. c. ii. v. +1110), among other charges Cooper urges against the Presbyterians +is, that they</p> +<blockquote><p>“Fill’d Bedlam with predestination,<br +/> +And Knightsbridge with illumination.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>And the last editor of Gray’s “Hudibras” <a +name="page58"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 58</span>supposes that +by the Presbyterian Illuminati here, Butler alluded to the +unfortunate inmates of this Lazar-house! <a +name="citation58a"></a><a href="#footnote58a" +class="citation">[58a]</a></p> +<p>There were three other similar establishments in the suburbs +of London—namely, at Southwark, Kingsland, and +Mile-end. Great care was taken that those afflicted with +leprosy, or other such disorder, should be immediately conveyed +to one of these places. The law was strictly carried out, +and where resistance was made, the sufferers were tied to horses, +and dragged thither. <a name="citation58b"></a><a +href="#footnote58b" class="citation">[58b]</a></p> +<p>That the chapel attached to this hospital was of ancient +foundation, we may justly infer from its being described as +“very old and ruinous, and ready to fall,” as far +back as 1629. In that year, for that cause, the inhabitants +petitioned Laud, who then filled the see of London, for leave to +rebuild it at their own cost, it being the place to which they +usually resorted “to perform their religious duties and +devotions.” The Bishop, by his licence, dated <a +name="page59"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 59</span>July 7th, +1629, gave them permission so to do (the consent of the vicar and +churchwardens of St. Martin’s being first obtained), +“therein to frequent Divine Service and sermons, which +Divine offices were to be performed by a sufficient minister, +lawfully licensed from time to time,” by the Bishops of +London, or their Chancellors for the time being; “provided +that the said inhabitants, or their families, did once every +quarter of a year repair to their respective parish churches to +perform their devotions, and every Easter receive the Holy +Communion there, and pay all rights, duties, and profits to their +respective ministers to which they did belong,” and this +licence was to continue in force during the pleasure of the +Bishops of London.</p> +<p>The Chapel was accordingly rebuilt, and “consecrated to +the use of the poor of the Hospital,” who “having no +maintenance but what they received of alms,” and not being +“able to maintain a curate, repair the Chapel, or relieve +themselves,” it was, on October 3rd, 1634, according to an +arrangement made by the Master of the Hospital, the curate, and +some of the principal inhabitants of Knightsbridge, <a +name="page60"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 60</span>ordered by +Dr. Duck, then Chancellor of London, that they, or the major part +of them, should let certain pews and seats in such manner as +should best effect these objects; that they should keep a +register of their accounts, which were to be adjusted every six +months, reserving to the incumbents of St. Margaret’s and +St. Martin’s their respective rights and emoluments. +Dr. Duck presented one piece of the plate used in the celebration +of the Communion.</p> +<p>In 1650 the Parliamentary Commissioners appointed to inquire +into the state of ecclesiastical benefices, reported that +Knightsbridge Chapel, in the parish of St. Martin-in-the-Fields, +belonged to a Lazar-house there; that twenty years before the +date of inquiry it was re-edified and enlarged by public +contributions; and that Henry Walker, the minister, placed there +on probation by order of Parliament, received £10 per annum +from the inhabitants. The Commissioners afterwards allowed +him £40 per annum. <a name="citation60"></a><a +href="#footnote60" class="citation">[60]</a></p> +<p>Among the records of the Dean and Chapter <a +name="page61"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 61</span>is a petition +from John Glassington, surgeon, dated 1654, praying to be +admitted Governor of the Hospital, which his ancestors had always +rented of the church at Westminster; which petition is +accompanied by a certificate of Sir John Thorowgood, one of the +Commissioners for Middlesex, and an active public officer in this +locality at the time of the Commonwealth; but I infer the +application was unsuccessful for a time, for in the next year +Henry Walker was presented to the curacy by Cornelius Holland and +George Reeve, <i>joint-governors</i> of the Chapel. John +Glassington was, however, Governor in 1659.</p> +<p>In 1699, Nicholas Birkhead, who was then lessee of the Chapel, +rebuilt it, and the present building is mainly his work. In +1789, it was enlarged by its front being brought in a line with +the adjoining houses, a grass-plot eight feet deep having +previously occupied this space. The present front, +galleries, &c., were then erected. At the end of the +last century Dixon Gamble, Esq., became lessee, but now it is +held direct from the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, who +nominate the incumbent. There is an endowment of £30 +per annum payable by <a name="page62"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 62</span>them, but the income is derived +chiefly from the pew rents.</p> +<p>The Chapel is as plain an edifice as possibly can be; there is +no ornament of any kind about it. It is built of brick, and +is 53 feet long, by 30 feet broad. The gallery is round +three sides of the building; the organ, built by Hancock, 1770, +being on the south side. The communion-table is at the +<i>north</i> end. The front terminates in a pediment, over +which is a small cupola containing one bell, thus +inscribed—</p> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">“<span +class="smcap">Mrs. Mary Birkhed gaue me</span>, 1733.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>In the brickwork are let in three stone slabs, the centre of +which is inscribed “Knightsbridge Chapel, 1789;” that +on the right is inscribed, “Rebuilte by Nicho Birkhead, +Gouldsmith of London, Anno Dom. 1699;” the left or western +one has the following emphatic dedication cut in it, <a +name="citation62"></a><a href="#footnote62" +class="citation">[62]</a> “Capella sanctæ Indiuidux +Trinitatis.”</p> +<p>The Communion Plate consists of five pieces, all of silver; +they are inscribed as follows:—</p> +<p><span class="smcap">The Large +Chalice</span>.—Sanctæ et Indiuidæ +Trinitati—Rest to the Lord:—Mary Birkhead (about +1708.)</p> +<p><span class="smcap">The Paten</span>.—Sanctæ et +Indiuidæ Trinitati.—<a name="page63"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 63</span>The Guift of Arthure Duck, Docter of +the Ciuell Lawe and Chancelor of London (1628 or 1629).</p> +<p><span class="smcap">The Small +Chalice</span>.—Sanctæ et Indiuidæ +Trinitati.—The Gift of the Right Hon<sup>bl</sup>. and +Right Reverent Willm. Lord Bishop of London. <a +name="citation63a"></a><a href="#footnote63a" +class="citation">[63a]</a></p> +<p><span class="smcap">The Plate</span>.—The Gift of +Elizebeth Knightly to Knights-Bridg Church, Oct. 18th, 1705. <a +name="citation63b"></a><a href="#footnote63b" +class="citation">[63b]</a> There is a coat of arms engraved +on the edge of this piece, doubtless that of the donor.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">The Flagon</span> is modern, being the +gift of the Rev. J. Foyster (about 1825).</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p63b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"Old Chapel, Knightsbridge" +title= +"Old Chapel, Knightsbridge" +src="images/p63s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p>The list of its ministers is, as far as I have been able to +trace them, as follows:—</p> +<p>1630. Nathaniel White, licensed May 24th.</p> +<p>1637. William Pope—as curate.</p> +<p>1640. Nehemia Dod—as curate.</p> +<p><a name="page64"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 64</span>— +Henry Walker on probation till 1655, when he was nominated +curate.</p> +<p>1658. Christopher Lee appears to have been minister, but +various other names also appear in the registers till May +23rd.</p> +<p>1660. Thomas Wheatley then signs himself “Minister +of Knightsbridge.”</p> +<p>1661 (Feb.). Henry Tilley.</p> +<p>1662 (April). Nathaniel Barker.</p> +<p>1663 (April). — Herring (whose name occasionally +appears between 1658–60.)</p> +<p>1666. Robert Hodson, till October 20th.</p> +<p>1667. Francis Hall, licensed October 25th.</p> +<p>1669. Henry Herbert or Hubert, S.T.P., licensed April +26th. His signature, however, occasionally appears before +this date.</p> +<p>1671. John Cull.</p> +<p>1683. — Sanby, who was minister from January 1st, +1683, to December 31st, 1685.</p> +<p>1686. Henry Watts, who quitted in May, 1695; strangers +appear to have officiated till</p> +<p>1696. Thomas Bobar entered on his duties December +4th. He made way for in</p> +<p>1699. Philip Horneck, who officiated from March 9th to +October 16th.</p> +<p>1699. Thomas Knaggs appointed curate <a +name="page65"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 65</span>October 16th; +he stayed till January 10th, 1707, when Francis Jeffrey +succeeded. But in February, 1708, Mr. Knaggs returned, and +was minister till May 17th, 1713.</p> +<p>1713. Robert Hicks, to June 10th, 1719.</p> +<p>1719. Humphry Persehouse, who was minister forty-one +years. He resigned in December, 1759, when</p> +<p>1760. — Bailey, chaunter of Westminster Abbey, was +appointed on January 1st by the Dean and Chapter. I believe +he was succeeded by the Rev. John Gamble, nominated by his +father, as lessee. He died in 1811.</p> +<p>1811. — Harris. <a name="citation65"></a><a +href="#footnote65" class="citation">[65]</a></p> +<p>1822. J. G. Foyster, M.A. of Queen’s College, +Cambridge. He published a volume of sermons preached +here. In 1832, Lord Brougham gave him the rectory of St. +Clement’s, Hastings, on which he quitted +Knightsbridge. He died there May 17th, 1855.</p> +<p><a name="page66"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +66</span>1832. John Martin, who shortly resigned, and was +succeeded by the Rev. Hibbert Binney, D.C.L., the late minister, +who, since June, 1838 (when he was appointed rector of Newbury), +left the chapel to the ministry of the Rev. John Wilson, now +D.D., and the present incumbent. Dr. Binney died June 6th, +1857. Among assistant ministers here have been the Rev. +Alexander Cleeve, author of several devotional works, who died +September 23rd, 1805; the Rev. H. J. Symons, LL.D., who read the +burial service over Sir John Moore at Corunna. He gained +the notice of the Duke of York in this pulpit, and quitted it for +the Peninsula with a regiment, to which he was chaplain.</p> +<p>Baptisms and marriages were formerly solemnised here, and +twenty register-books, some very small, and others quarto and +folio size, are still preserved. Many of them, however, are +but duplicates of the others, and three are memorandum-books of +the clerks, with registrations, expenses, notices, and other +entries therein. The <i>regular register of baptisms</i> +has been missing a very long while, but duplicates of several +years have been preserved; with the exception of a few leaves, +all the books <a name="page67"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +67</span>of expenses are lost also. <a name="citation67"></a><a +href="#footnote67" class="citation">[67]</a> I have stated +before that the books of the Lazar-house are also missing, and so +is the burial book, if such ever existed. I shall be glad +to quit this statement, so disgraceful to some of the former +officials of the Chapel, and give a few extracts from those still +fortunately preserved.</p> +<p>Previous to the passing of Lord Hardwick’s celebrated +Marriage Act, in 1753, it was not necessary to the validity of a +marriage that such should be performed in a church, or solemnised +by any religious ceremony. And although the law of the +Church visited with censure those who neglected its canon in this +respect, yet the Common Law recognised other and more private +modes. Consequently around and in London, at almost all the +chapels, marriages were performed, and at some in a very +discreditable manner. Lord Hardwick’s bill made it +necessary to the validity of a marriage that it should be +solemnised in a parish church or <a name="page68"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 68</span>public chapel where banns had been +regularly published. The result was, that as at these +chapels banns were not published, marriages therein solemnised +were no longer legal; and among others obliged to succumb to this +law, Knightsbridge Chapel was one.</p> +<p>It would almost appear that our Chapel had some reputation for +its irregularities in this solemnity, if we are to trust some of +the pointed allusions in the literature of a bygone +currency. Shadwell, in his play of “The Sullen +Lovers,” published in 1668, makes Lovell say:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Let’s rally no longer: there is a +person at Knightsbridge, that yokes all stray people together; +we’ll to him, he’ll despatch us presently, and send +us away as lovingly as any two fools that ever yet were condemned +to marriage.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>And in the <i>Guardian</i> (No. 14, March 27, 1713), a +run-away marriage is spoken of as being celebrated “last +night at Knightsbridge.” Although such references +seem to illustrate what could be only known as a fact, I yet +think they were but a jocular remark as regards Knightsbridge, +and not indications of a reality. It is scarcely possible +to think such would have been allowed in a place of worship, so +much under the control of the Dean and <a name="page69"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 69</span>Chapter as this was; and many +memoranda in the books vindicate its ministers from the charge of +winking at wrong, as these allusions insinuate. Of these +curious entries I give the following as specimens:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“<span +class="smcap">Mem</span>.—Thomas Palmer and Ann Clarke: if +they come to be maryed, stop them, and send for Mr. Clarke, next +doore to the Mitre Tavern in Duppin’s Ally, King Street, +Westminster.”</p> +<p>“William Squire, silver-smith, living in Long Acre, who +stood father to Elizabeth Goldingham, who was married to Edward +Keyn ye 20th of ffebruary, 1690/1, does give this account of the +said Elizabeth Goldingham, that she has lodged at his house for 2 +years, that she is no heyress, but ffollows the trade of a +manta-maker for her living, and further he adds that she has +neither ffather or mother liveing, nor no relation who does any +way look affter her, but that she is really at her own +disposal.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>But although such entries show the rule, I must admit that at +a certain period before the time to which the foregoing entries +refer, are others which appear suspicious; and if any <a +name="page70"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +70</span>irregularities occurred I should place them between the +two extreme dates, shown in the following extracts:—</p> +<p>1678, April 28. Jacob Stent and Mary Crouch, secrecy for +life.</p> +<p>1678, April 28. James Gibson and Anne Tarrant, +secrecy.</p> +<p>1678/9, April 28. William Taylor and Elizabeth Steward, +great secrecy.</p> +<p>1680, April 25. Edward Charlton and Alice Robinson, +secret for 14 years.</p> +<p>1682, May 7. Andrew Barry and Mary Elton, secrecy.</p> +<p>With these curious notices of old systems, habits, and ideas, +I proceed to give some extracts from the registers, selecting +those referring to eminent persons, and which contain allusions +of interest and peculiarity. The earliest entry of baptisms +is the following.</p> +<p>1663, Aug. 28. Will, ye sone of will birke of this +hamlett, by Mr. Herring.</p> +<p>1667, Jan. 23. Sofiah London, the daughter of Richard +London and Mary his wife.</p> +<p>A family named London lived in this locality many years, and +there are several entries of the name. Probably the +celebrated gardener so <a name="page71"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 71</span>named, who will be afterwards +noticed, belonged to it.</p> +<p>1668. Nathaniel, son of William Ipsley, baptised, +September 8th.</p> +<p>Most probably this name should be Hipsley. Persons of +this name were clerks here many years.</p> +<p>1670, Nov. 3. James, son of James and Mary Rouse.</p> +<p>1675, Feb. 19. Dorothy, daughter of James Took, Esq., +and Magdalen his wife. Westminster parish.</p> +<p>1675, April 11. William Lord, son of Robert and Anne +Thurlow.</p> +<p>A family of this name lived in the St. Margaret’s part +of the hamlet in the 17th century.</p> +<p>1675, Nov. 5. Joan, daughter of Robert and Hester +Gunter, baptised.</p> +<p>Persons of this name may be traced from this period to the +present time in our locality. It is the earliest entry of +the name I have found.</p> +<p>1676, Jan. 8. Margerite, the daughter of Elizabeth +Bedford by Mr. Philip Thomas.</p> +<p>1677, June 17. Tristram, the son of Tristram and Anne +Huddlestone.</p> +<p>1677, July 20. George, son of Berkley Trye, <a +name="page72"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 72</span>Esq., by Mary +his wife, baptised by Jo. Andrews, entered at St. +Martin’s.</p> +<p>The Tryes are a very ancient Gloucestershire family.</p> +<p>1678, Jan. 3. Robert, son of Robert and Hester +Gunter.</p> +<p>1681, April 11. Anne, the daughter of George Sams by +Martha Wheatley, his servant, as ’tis told me.</p> +<p>1682, May 27. Thomas Dennis, 30 years of age, was +baptised.</p> +<p>1683, March 4. Jane Rutter was baptised. A black +woman.</p> +<p>1689, June 27. ffrances Wharton, the daughter of Jane +Wharton, a child of base (birth).</p> +<p>1691, Dec. 21. Hannah Hipsley, daughter of Thomas and +Mary Hipsley, by Mr. Watts. Born Dec. 6th.</p> +<p>1692, Feb. 14. Margaret Tarbet, the daughter of Margaret +Perryvil; being a woman-child that fell in travail in ye +street.</p> +<p>1702. Mary, daughter of Thomas Werd by Mary his wife, +was baptised the 3rd of May by Mr. Killberk.</p> +<p>This is the last baptism recorded, and only <a +name="page73"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 73</span>one is +entered between October 16th, 1694, and this date: the others are +missing; and though I know baptisms were occasionally solemnised +here even to the end of the last century, no later record has +been preserved.</p> +<h3>MARRIAGES.</h3> +<p>There are no registers of marriages here now, anterior to +April 1st, 1658, but in the Bishop’s register are some +earlier ones, the first of which is the following:—</p> +<p>16th April, 1632. Thomas Herbert, of Hammond Head, com. +York, Esq., bachelor, 24; and Lucy Alexander, spinster, 20, +daughter of Sir William Alexander.</p> +<p>The earliest in the Chapel register book is as +follows:—</p> +<p>1658, April 1. William Eaton and Jane Hurley were +married.</p> +<p>1661, ffeb. 10. Richard Steele and Eliza Cotterill per +me Ant. Dode.</p> +<p>1666, July 17. William Adkins and Katherine Edwards at +ye Bowling Green.</p> +<p>The Bowling Green was perhaps at the Spring Garden, afterwards +to be noticed.</p> +<p><a name="page74"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 74</span>1666, +Oct. 14. Thomas Clark and Elizabeth Milton.</p> +<p>1667, April 16. Philip Wharton and Hester Bewley.</p> +<p>1672, June 11. Sir Philip Harcourte and Eliz Lee married +by Mr. Cull.</p> +<p>1672, July 13. Robert Chaloner, esq., and Dorothy +Britten.</p> +<p>The Chaloners were one of the few old Middlesex +families. They were seated at Chiswick.</p> +<p>1675, Feb. 16. Christopher Benson and Eliz. Hilliard, +belonging to ye vice chancellor.</p> +<p>1675, Nov. 24. Gabriel Hipsley and Penelope ffry.</p> +<p>1676, May 7. Nicholas Brady and Bethia Chapman.</p> +<p>1676, Oct. 27. Arthur Deavereux and Anne Ireland in +pompe Courte in ye midle temple, 3 payre of stayres.</p> +<p>1677, July 17. Hugh Middleton, esq., and Mrs. Dorothy +Oglander, married by Mr. Nath. Cole, dd, his majesty’s +Chaplain in ordinary.</p> +<p>1678, Feb. 21. William Harbord, esq., and Mrs. Katherine +Russell by Mr. James Symonds.</p> +<p>1678, July 23. Sir James Hayes and Grace Clavering.</p> +<p><a name="page75"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 75</span>1678, +August 3. Sir John Lenthall and ye Lady Catherine Lant, +secrecy, by Mr. Joseph Stretch, minister.</p> +<p>Sir John Lenthall, only son of the Speaker, was Governor of +Windsor, under Cromwell, and knighted by him in 1657. On +May 21, 1660, he moved in the House of Commons that all who had +borne arms against the king should be exempted from pardon; and +for such was called to the bar, reprimanded, and degraded his +knighthood. He afterwards lost his seat upon petition +against his return. He died in 1681.</p> +<p>1678, August 15. Robert Grime and Barbara January, the +king’s taylor, nexte doore to 3 tuns taverne lane.</p> +<p>1679, April 10. Thomas Lant, esq., and Mrs. Jane +Bromfield.</p> +<p>1681, Feb. 20. John Stibbs and Sarah Cromwell.</p> +<p>For the last 250 years a family named Cromwell—and +which, in the last century, branched out considerably—has +been resident in this part of Middlesex. Cromwell, the +minister of Henry VIII., was born at Putney, not far out of the +county; and Sir Richard Cromwell <a name="page76"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 76</span>(grandfather to Oliver the +Protector), signed himself in letters to the “Mauler of +Monasteries” <i>his most bounden nephew</i>. In 1691 +a Robert Cromwell lived at Kensal Green, and is probably the +person of the same name who sat on the jury at the trial of +Daniel Axtell. For many years a brewery at Hammersmith has +been conducted by persons of this name, not improbably +descendants from the Putney blacksmith.</p> +<p>1682, January 31st. John Cull, curate of Knightsbridge, +and Martha Turner, by Mr. Yearwood.</p> +<p>Mr. Cull was minister here twelve years. He died in +1683, and was buried at Kensington on the 21st September.</p> +<p>1682, Dec. 24. Sir John Hatton and Mary Hinton.</p> +<p>1683, July 3rd. Heale Hooke, Baronet, and Hester +Underhill by Seyward of Kensington.</p> +<p>Sir Hele Hooke, for many years a resident in Kensington +Square, died there in July, 1712, by which the title became +extinct. Mr. Seward was curate there. (See +Faulkner’s “History of Kensington.”)</p> +<p>1685, Sept. 12. David Gunter and Eliz. West.</p> +<p><a name="page77"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 77</span>1686, +Sept. 4. Sir Francis de Geilhausen and Flora Bishop for +Feb. 6, 1685.</p> +<p>1687, Feb. 1. Sir Samuel Morland, Knight, and Mrs. Mary +Aylif, secrecy.</p> +<p>This entry records the unfortunate marriage of the celebrated +inventor, described by himself in such terms of misery, to the +diarist Pepys. In all the biographies of Morland I have +referred to, and even in Burke, his wife’s name is not +given, and therefore I presume it has hitherto been +unknown. The wedding was, as the register tells, private; +and eighteen days after it took place, he wrote to Pepys, that, +“being in very great perplexities, and almost distracted +for want of moneys,” a person whom he had befriended in +time of need proposed to recommend him an heiress, “who had +500<i>l.</i> per ann. in land, and 4,000<i>l.</i> in ready +money,” and property of other kinds. “Believing +it,” he writes, “utterly impossible,” that one +whom he had assisted, “should ever be guilty of so black a +deed” as to betray him in his distress, “I was, about +a fortnight since, led as a fool to the stocks, and married a +coachman’s daughter, not worth a shilling,” and whose +moral character <a name="page78"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +78</span>proved to be none of the purest. He, procuring +evidence (shortly after) of adultery, took the case into the +Ecclesiastical Court, which granted a divorce on that ground on +May 17. <a name="citation78"></a><a href="#footnote78" +class="citation">[78]</a> It was the <i>fourth</i> time Sir +Samuel tied the matrimonial knot, and the <i>last</i>.</p> +<p>1687, May 3. Sir William Moet, and Antonetta +Willobe.</p> +<p>1687, Sept. 1. John Atley and Mary Crumwell.</p> +<p>1689, Jan. 7. Richard Bailey and Eliz. Shakespeare.</p> +<p>1690, July 20. Sir Thomas Fautherly and Mrs. Frances +Brown.</p> +<p>1690, July 31. John Lenthall and Eliz. Wildman.</p> +<p>1693, Jan. 8. Thomas Cromwel and Ann Smith.</p> +<p>1694, Aug. 12. Edward Shaxspear and Eliz. Ward.</p> +<p>1695, May 26. Tristram Huddleston, Gentleman of St. +James’, W<sup>mr.</sup>, and Mrs. Mary Darker of the +same.</p> +<p><a name="page79"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 79</span>1695, +Nov. 16. John Baptist Renoult, Minister of the parish of +St. Ann’s, Westminster, and Amery Henri, Widd.</p> +<p>1696, July 23. John Line of St. Martin’s Neat +Houses, and Dorothy ffall, spinster of St. Margaret’s, +Westminster.</p> +<p>1697, Jan. 30. Jasper Arnold, Gent., of St. James, +Westminster, and Antonett Culmer of Kensington, spinster.</p> +<p>The Arnolds were a numerous and opulent family long resident +in Westminster. Families of the same name, and probably +connected, also resided in Knightsbridge and Kensington for above +a century. One of the Westminster Arnolds was a brewer, and +a juryman on the trial of the Seven Bishops. (See +“Macaulay’s History.”)</p> +<p>1698, August 21. George Cumming, Taylor, at ye +Woolstaple, near great Tom, St. Margaret’s, Westminster, +and Mary Watson of the same place.</p> +<p>1698, Dec. 18. William ffinton, Life Guardsman in +college-street, near ye Black dog: Catherine Llewyllen in +Dean’s Yard, Westm<sup>r</sup>.</p> +<p>(Black Dog Alley still exists in College Street.)</p> +<p><a name="page80"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 80</span>1699, +Jan. 1. Thomas Lewsie, peruke maker in ye pel-mel at ye +sign of ye two pidgeons, in St. James’ Westm<sup>r</sup>, +and Mary pigot, of St. Paul’s, Covent Garden, in maiden +lane.</p> +<p>1699, Jan. 23. Richard Green, Barber, in St. Brides, at +ye Barber’s pole near ffleet-bridge, ye corner house but +one, and Mary Truby of ye same place.</p> +<p>1699, May 23. Thomas Fenwick of St. Margaret’s, +Westminster, serv<sup>t</sup> to Storey at ye Park Gate, and Mary +Gregory of ye same.</p> +<p>This notice is curious: Story’s Gate, named from the +person here noticed, is the entrance into St. James’s Park +from Bridge Street. Story was keeper of the Aviary to +Charles II., hence Birdcage Walk.</p> +<p>1699, August 18. Cornelius Vander Velde, Limner, of St. +Giles’, living in Dyot street, over agt ye Sparrow’s +Nest, and Bernada Vander Hagen, of ye same.</p> +<p>Cornelius Vander Velde was brother to William Vander Velde the +elder, the great painter of sea pieces. He was himself a +painter of nautical subjects, and in the employ of Charles +II. This is an addition to Walpole’s notices.</p> +<p><a name="page81"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 81</span>1699, +Nov. 16. Charles Goring, Gentleman of Heysdown, in the +parish of Washington, and Frances Bridger of Hams in ye same +county. (Sussex) by Mr. Knaggs.</p> +<p>Mr. Goring afterwards succeeded to the baronetcy.</p> +<p>1700, July 30. Rob<sup>t</sup> Walpole, Esquire, of +Houghton in ye County of Norfolk, and Katharine Shorter, of ye +Parish of St. James, Westm. by Mr. Prevoste.</p> +<p>This record is that of the celebrated minister of the first +two Georges. His wife was daughter of a Lord Mayor of +London, and mother of the celebrated Horace.</p> +<p>1700, Nov. 22. Miles Pennington, Gent., living in Tuttle +Street, at ye sign of ye Green Dragon, and Eliz. D’oyley of +the same.</p> +<p>1703, March 4. John Oldmixon and Elizabeth Parrey.</p> +<p>1703, Dec. 25. Benjamin Houghton and Eliz. +Mandeville.</p> +<p>1704, April 28. John Every, Esq., and ye +Hon<sup>ble</sup> Martha Thompson.</p> +<p>Mr. Every afterwards succeeded his brother in the baronetcy; +his wife was daughter of John, Lord Haversham.</p> +<p><a name="page82"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 82</span>1705, +Jan. 6. Sir William Humphrey and Eleanor Lancashire.</p> +<p>Sir William was Lord Mayor in the first year of George I., and +entertaining the new king at Guildhall, was made a baronet. +His wife was widow of a London merchant.</p> +<p>1705, Jan. 8. Charles Danvers and Margaret Evans.</p> +<p>Danvers has been a name in Chelsea these 250 years past, and +is still to be found there. Sir John Danvers, of Chelsea, +was one who signed the death-warrant of Charles I.</p> +<p>1705, May 23. Henry Graham, Esq., and Mary, Countess of +Darentwater.</p> +<p>This lady was the youngest natural daughter of Charles II., by +Mrs. Davis the actress, and known before marriage as Lady Mary +Tudor. On August 18, 1687, being then only in her +fourteenth year, she was married to Edward Radcliffe, afterwards +second earl of Derwentwater, by whom she became mother of that +ill-fated earl executed on Tower Hill for his share in the +Rebellion of 1715; of Charles Radcliffe, who also perished on the +scaffold thirty years after, and of two other children. Her +husband, from whom she separated in 1700, died April 29, <a +name="page83"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 83</span>1705; and +within a month, as this record shows, she married Henry Graham of +Levens, Esq., who died the following year. She married +thirdly James Rooke, whom she likewise survived. She died +at Paris, November 5, 1726, in her fifty-fourth year.</p> +<p>1710, May 30. Sir Tho. Robinson, Baronet, and Mrs. +Elizabeth Hare by license. Tho. Yalden, S.T.P.</p> +<p>Sir Thomas Robinson, grandson of Sir Thomas Robinson, killed +in jumping from a window to escape from a fire in his chambers in +the Temple. His wife was daughter of Sir Thomas Hare of +Stow Bardolph. The officiating clergyman was doubtless the +poet of that name.</p> +<p>1710, Dec. 13. Charles May, esq., and Mrs. Jane +Middleton.</p> +<p>1712, Jan. 19. Mr. Martin Purcell and Mrs. Mary +Glagg.</p> +<p>1721, June 19. Charles Vanbrugh, esq., of the parish of +St. Martin in the Fields, and Anne Burt of ye same, married by +Dr. Hough, rector of St. George’s.</p> +<p>Most probably this gentleman was brother of the celebrated +architect and dramatist, Sir John <a name="page84"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 84</span>Vanbrugh. His brother Charles +was baptised Feb. 27, 1680.</p> +<p>1721, July 22. The Hon. Josias Burchett of St. Martin in +ye Feilds, esq., widower, and Margaret Aris, of St. Anne’s, +Westminster, widow.</p> +<p>1726, June 8. Francis Bytheway of St. Clement’s +Danes, Batchelor, and Ann Persehouse of St. Martin’s in ye +feilds, spinster.</p> +<p>1730, May 7. Noel Broxholme, M.D., St. James, Bachelor, +40, and Mrs. Amy Dowdeswell, St. Ann’s Westminster, +widow.</p> +<p>1741, May 26. The Rev. Mr. John Pettingall of St. +Margaret’s, Westminster, Batch: and Susanna Long of ye +same, spinster.</p> +<p>Mr. Pettingall was minister of Duke Street Chapel, +Westminster.</p> +<p>1752, Dec. 2. John Fry ye younger, of Bromley in ye +County of Middx, and Elizabeth Eveleigh, of ye same, spins.</p> +<p>This is the last entry; and the blank pages after show it to +have been the last marriage solemnised here.</p> +<p>In Wilkinson’s “Londina” the following +curious extracts from the Accounts are given:—</p> +<blockquote><p><a name="page85"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +85</span>Monye laid out for and toward y<sup>e</sup> reparation +of the said Chappell as followeth:</p> +</blockquote> +<table> +<tr> +<td colspan="4"><p style="text-align: center">* October 17, +1655.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>To the plumer for a gutter of lead 18 of April, 1656 (Qy. +1655)</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">10</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">3</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>To Edward Rowles</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">08</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">3</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>To Robert Darwinn, for mendinge the great window nexte the +pulpit</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">12</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="4"><p style="text-align: center">* 1656.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>To John Fitzwalter and his labourers</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">06</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>ffor lathes, nails, and lime, and sand</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">06</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>ffor three hundred of tiles</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">09</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>To Rowles his man for mendinge the Chappell doore, and +bell</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">02</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="4"><p style="text-align: center">* 24th October, +1657.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>To Thomas Austin and his labourers</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">04</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">8</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>To Darwinne for mendinge the north windows</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">08</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>Memorandum undated, but I think 1658 is the year:—</p> +<blockquote><p>Monnies gathered by the inhabitants of +Knightsbridge for & towards the Reparations of the Chappell +called Trinitie Chappell, belonginge to the Hospitale, Spittle, +or Lazar House of Knightsbridge:</p> +</blockquote> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">lb.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">s.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">d.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>The Lady Stonehouse</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">10</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Mr. Hall</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">05</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Mr. Pate</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">02</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Mr. Callaway</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">02</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Mr. White</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">02</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">6</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Mr. Harris</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">02</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Mr. Boll</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">6</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Mr. Lewis</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Goodman Paldin</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Mr. Hickman</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p style="text-align: right">Som toto</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">08</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<blockquote><p><a name="page86"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +86</span>More Collected the 29th day of June at the Chappell +doore at the Requeste of Mr. Anthony dod, minister of +Paddington:</p> +</blockquote> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p style="text-align: right"> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p style="text-align: right"> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">8</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p style="text-align: right"> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">2</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">9</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<blockquote><p>More Collected the 01th day of April att Chappell +doore att the Request of Mr. Lee, Minister now present of +Trinitie Chappell of Knightsbrige the some of fiftye eight +shillings two-pence, by us 58s. 2d.</p> +</blockquote> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">2</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">18</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">2</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<blockquote><p>Christopher Lee<br /> +Tho. Turner<br /> +Richard Halloway.</p> +<p style="text-align: center">July, 1659.</p> +</blockquote> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p>Received of the Lady Langton (for her entrance into her +yere) towards the repayringe of the Chappell, the some of 2</p> +</td> +<td><p>02</p> +</td> +<td><p>00</p> +</td> +<td><p>0</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Received of Mr. Hall the same month</p> +</td> +<td><p>00</p> +</td> +<td><p>02</p> +</td> +<td><p>6</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">* The 9th of June, +1659. <a name="citation86"></a><a href="#footnote86" +class="citation">[86]</a></p> +<p>Received of John Glassington, Governour of the Hospital of +Knightsbridge the some of 10s.—which was collected for a +breefe for and towards the losses by fire in the parish of +Brides’, London, I say received by me,</p> +<p>Witness, Anthony Dod.</p> +<p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">John +Gray</span>.</p> +<p style="text-align: center">* The 27th Day of ffeb<sup>r</sup>, +1658.</p> +<p>Then received of Mr. Glassington of the Hospitall of +Knightsbridge, for the use of the Bayliffe and Burgesses of East +Thetford (Retford), in the County of Nottingham, the some of ten +shillings, which was gathered for the rebuilding of the church of +East Thetford aforesaid.</p> +<p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Tho. +Mason</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p><a name="page87"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 87</span>The +following entry refers, perhaps, to the law which made conformity +to the Church of England a necessary qualification for official +employment:—</p> +<blockquote><p>Mr. Gamaleon Capell and Mr. John Adams received +the Communion in Trinitie Chappell at Knightsbridge the 14th day +of July, 1680.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>And the next is an instance of the operation of a very absurd +and immoral law:—</p> +<blockquote><p>August ye 6, 1695. Rec<sup>d</sup> of Mr. +Tho. Hipsley <a name="citation87"></a><a href="#footnote87" +class="citation">[87]</a> ten pounds and seven shillings and six +pence by order of ye Comishenors for Marridges in Knightsbridge +Chappell, at to shillings and six pence per Marridg:</p> +<p style="text-align: center">By us</p> +<p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Jos. +Radliff</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Laine Mease</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>The next extract informs us the rental received by the +Birkheads as lessees; for I presume it to be a receipt for the +whole year:—</p> +<blockquote><p>Rec<sup>d</sup> the third day of Jan<sup>y</sup>, +1701, of Mr. Thomas Hipsley the sum of fforty nine pounds for +Rent, allowing all the King’s Taxes to Christmas day last +past, it being in full for Rent to the said Christmas day. +p. me,</p> +<p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Mary +Birkhead</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p><a name="page88"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 88</span>In +Chelsea Register (1699) is the following entry—“Gave +to the Beadle of Knightsbridge, <a name="citation88"></a><a +href="#footnote88" class="citation">[88]</a> yt brought Sir +Thomas Ogle’s childrens clothes, at their first coming to +the parish 0 . 0 . 6.”</p> +<p>Regarding burials, the only entry in the books recording such +is the following:—“Mrs. Smith the wife of Edward +Smith of Bromtone deced the 5th day of March, and was bereed the +6th day of ye same month 1667.” If persons were +interred here in any number, the interments ceased most probably +before 1683, when Mr. Cull was buried at Kensington. No +register of such is to be found now, although the tradition was +very strong that the enclosure on the Green was consecrated for +the resting place of the dead.</p> +<p>Before concluding this account of the Chapel I must notice the +Birkhead family, with whom it was so many years connected. +They appear to have held considerable property in the hamlet, but +I have not been able to trace their history, other than what the +following extracts from the registers inform us:—</p> +<p><a name="page89"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 89</span>1672 +May 28th. “Nicholas Birkhead and Susan Robinson, +married by Dr. Littleton.”</p> +<p>This, doubtless, was the “gouldsmith” who +“rebuilte” the chapel: Dr. Littleton was rector of +Chelsea, and celebrated for his Dictionary and other literary +productions.</p> +<p>1678. Nicholas ye son of Nicholas Birkhead, junior, by +Susanna his wife, bapt. Aprill 30th 1678: in the parish of +Buttolphe’s, Aldersgate, London.</p> +<p>This relates evidently to the same person: the other notices +are as follow:—</p> +<p>1688 July 1. John Clements and Eliz. Birkhead.</p> +<p>1689 Aug 20. Edward Nowell and Eliz. Birkhead.</p> +<p>1693 April 27. Thomas Rouse and Hester Birkhead.</p> +<p>1694 July 15. Richard Wright and Eliz. Birkhead.</p> +<p>1694 Aug 27. James Birkhead, Joyner, of St. Andrews, +Holborn; and Anne Jinks, spinster of St. Giles’ in ye +fields.</p> +<p>1705 Feb 10. John Birkhead and Ann Gurney.</p> +<p>1723 June 18. Edward Brind of Buckingham, <a +name="page90"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 90</span>Batch, and +Elizabeth Birkhead, of St. Martin’s in ye fields, spinster. +<a name="citation90"></a><a href="#footnote90" +class="citation">[90]</a></p> +<p>Here my account of this ancient foundation, which has +afforded, bodily and spiritually, aid to thousands, before the +more splendid structures which now eclipse it were erected, must +close. I own I feel a deep interest in the old place, shorn +as it is of its usefulness in great measure; and it is with +regret I am compelled to bear witness against those superiors of +the venerable Abbey, to which it was attached, for permitting its +decay to go on, without one single attempt to renovate it with +fresh life and vigour. I cannot find that they have for the +<a name="page91"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 91</span>last 150 +years aided it, or held out the parental hand in any way. +They have appointed its ministers, have allowed them a miserable +endowment, and this is the sum of their support. With the +rentals they have drawn from Knightsbridge for so lengthened a +period, Church and Hospital ought now to stand, both flourishing +in useful prosperity, monuments alike to the piety of our +ancestors, and to the conservative care of their descendants, who +had striven to emulate their goodness by the extension of the +blessings their bounty bestowed. Is it so, that in this +district nothing can be done in the nineteenth to remedy the +faults of the eighteenth century?</p> +<p>In connection with Trinity Chapel was a school, founded in +1783, chiefly by the exertions of John Read, who will be +hereafter further noticed. The education afforded was +substantially good, better than most schools of the same kind +generally afforded, and was entirely free. Its support was +derived from the contributions of the public, and collections at +the Chapel. For many years the number was limited to 34 +boys and 18 girls, but in 1832 it was increased to 45 boys and 25 +girls, beyond which number the income of the Committee <a +name="page92"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 92</span>would not +allow them to extend. To Mr. Kember, its Treasurer, for +many years the institution mainly owed its existence; but at +length, in 1844, the subscribers at a general meeting transferred +the institution, and attached it to the new church of St. +Paul.</p> +<p>Before this school was founded it would seem one of a similar +kind had previously existed, for Northvouck mentions one here, +but with 6 boys and 6 girls only.</p> + +<div class="gapshortline"> </div> +<p><span class="smcap">St. Paul’s Church</span>.—In +this section the two churches to which the Hamlet of +Knightsbridge mainly pertains will be described. St. +Paul’s claims priority.</p> +<p>The first stone of St. Paul’s was laid November 6th, +1840, in presence of nearly 500 persons, by George Drummond, +Esq., of Wilton Crescent. The want of Church accommodation +had been greatly felt, and in this year measures were taken to +realise that want. Public subscriptions were commenced, and +a large sum subscribed; <a name="citation92"></a><a +href="#footnote92" class="citation">[92]</a> but after the work +had for some <a name="page93"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +93</span>time been progressed with, it was stopped from lack of +resources; this difficulty was, however, surmounted, and on June +30th, 1843, the edifice was consecrated by Dr. Blomfield, Bishop +of London, who preached on the occasion from the 4th chapter of +St. John’s Gospel, verse 14.</p> +<p>The site on which it stands was formerly an exercising ground +belonging to the foot-barrack, and was given by the Marquis of +Westminster (who likewise contributed £500 towards the +organ), the lease being purchased of the late Mr. Phillips.</p> +<p>The Church is one of the most handsome of modern architecture +in London, and a great credit to its designer Mr. T. Cundy. +Its style is that known as Early Perpendicular; it is 106 feet in +length, by 59 feet 6 inches in breadth; the height is nearly 50 +feet. It consists of a nave and two aisles, with a chancel +at the east end on an ascent of four steps; around the Church, +along three of its sides, <a name="page94"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 94</span>galleries are placed; in the west +gallery is the organ, and on this side are also galleries above +for the school children. At the west end is a lofty and +very handsome tower, having an arch open on three sides at its +base to form the porch, above which it is carried to the height +of 121 feet, in two storeys, each containing a large and +beautiful window, sides and front. It terminates with an +embattled parapet of open-work, and eight crocketted pinnacles, +four of which rise from the angles. The tower contains a +clock by Dent, and three bells by Meares; the tenor weighs 22 +cwt. 11 lbs., second 8 cwt, the small one 6 cwt. 4 lbs.</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p94b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"St. Paul’s Church" +title= +"St. Paul’s Church" +src="images/p94s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p><a name="page95"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 95</span>The +chancel forms a very handsome termination to the interior; the +reading-desk and pulpit respectively occupy places at the north +and south corners of its entrance, while in advance, occupying a +central position, is the lectern, presented by the Rev. W. +Bennett. In the south side of the chancel are three +<i>sedillæ</i>; over the Communion table are three +compartments of stonework, on which are inscribed the +Lord’s Prayer, the Ten Commandments, and the Creed; above +the stonework it terminates in a <i>rere-dos</i>, over which is +the great window of stained glass by Wailes, pourtraying the +Prophets and the Twelve Apostles. This window and +ornamental stonework cost about £1,000.</p> +<p>The font is of Caen stone, of beautiful design, and five feet +eight inches in height; it is of octagonal form, the panels being +divided by buttresses, the projecting portion of each resting on +an angel, each angel either clasping its hands, or holding a +shield or book bearing some symbol corresponding with the subject +of the panel immediately preceding. Under each panel is a +boss, representing some plant answering to the subject on the +panel. The shaft, supporting the whole, is placed on two +steps; it consists <a name="page96"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +96</span>of eight mullioned arches, and as many buttresses +decorated. It is the work of Mr. Charles Physick, of Gower +Street, and was presented by the Rev. D. A. Beaufort, Mr. +Bennett’s successor at Portman Chapel. Its cost was +£100.</p> +<p>The organ is a very powerful one; its case was designed by Mr. +Cundy, and harmonises with the general character of the +Church. It covers 14 feet square, and is 30 feet high.</p> +<p>The roof is open, and is said to be the largest unsupported by +pillars of any ecclesiastical edifice in the metropolis. It +is of timber, and the tie beams are filled with tracery.</p> +<p>Of the eight handsome windows of each side of the church, two +in the north and six in the south are filled with stained glass, +all by Wailes, of Newcastle, representing the most remarkable +scenes and actions of St. Paul, and of those Apostles whose names +are to be read on each window. Four of these windows were +erected to the memory of various members of his family by J. T. +Horne, Esq.; one to John Backhouse, Esq., of the Foreign Office, +born October 14th, 1784, died November 13th, 1845; one to the +late Viscount Newry, to the Misses <a name="page97"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 97</span>Alice and Caroline Colvile, and one +to Miss Caroline Carr. There is one also to Patrick Fraser +Tytler, born August 30th, 1791, died December 24th, 1849: he was +author of “A History of Scotland,” “Lives of +Sir Walter Raleigh,” “Henry VIII.,” and other +works that have assumed a standard position in our +literature.</p> +<p>The church will hold nearly 1,600 persons; 600 of the sittings +are free.</p> +<p>The Rev. W. J. E. Bennett was nominated to the incumbency by +the Bishop of London; but certain differences having arisen +between him and the Bishop, he resigned in March, 1850, when the +Hon. and Rev. Robert Liddell was appointed in his stead.</p> +<p>The following is a list of the Churchwardens:—September +30, 1845, Hon. Eliot Yorke, M.P.; Charles Briscoe. (These +gentlemen were re-elected also for the three following +years.) 1849, April 10, Sir John E. Harington, Bart.; +Charles Briscoe. 1850, Sir J. E. Harington; Charles +Briscoe. 1851, April 21, T. H. Sotheron, Esq., M.P.; J. H. +Tuck. 1852, April 13, Viscount Castlereagh; J. H. +Tuck. 1853, March 29, T. H. Horne, Esq.; Charles <a +name="page98"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +98</span>Westerton. 1854, April 18. This was a +contested election: opposition having been made by Mr. Westerton +to the mode of conducting Divine Service, and other matters +connected with the Church, he was opposed by Thos. Davidson, +Esq.; but after a poll, the numbers were declared to be—for +Mr. Westerton, 203; Mr. Davidson, 200. Mr. Horne was +renominated; but a caveat being entered against this election, +the case came on for adjudication before Dr. Phillimore, in the +Archdeacon’s Court, on May 30th, 1854, who declared the +election null, in consequence of the rejection of the votes of +certain parishioners; and a new election taking place on June +15th, the same gentlemen were again nominated, and, after a poll +of two days’ duration, the result was declared to +be—for Mr. Westerton, 651; Mr. Davidson, 323. 1855, +April 10, W. H. Jackson, Esq.; Charles Westerton: and the same +gentlemen still fill the office.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">All Saints’ +Church</span>.—This handsome edifice was consecrated by the +late Bishop Blomfield on Saturday, July 21st, 1849. It was +erected to supply a very great want, for previously <a +name="page99"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 99</span>this isolated +portion of St. Margaret’s parish was destitute of a place +of worship for the members of the Church of England. Within +the last twenty years the population has vastly increased; and +houses of first-class character have covered the nursery-grounds +and fields formerly abounding.</p> +<p>All Saints’ Church was erected from the designs of Mr. +Vulliamy, in the Lombardic or Byzantine style of architecture, +and when completed will be one of the most original and striking +edifices in London. It consists of a nave, and side aisles, +divided by pillars polished to imitate marble, terminating in an +apse, forming the chancel, and the roof of which is a blue ground +spangled with gold. Galleries are erected round three +sides; in the western one is a very fine organ. The roof is +open, of woodwork, and harmonises pleasingly with the other parts +of the building, although comparatively plain.</p> +<p>A tower at the west end, and a suitable enclosure before the +entrance, yet remain to be accomplished, ere the work of +completion is done. The estimated cost of these works +amounts to £2,100; and it is to be hoped that <a +name="page100"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 100</span>the +necessary funds may not be long forthcoming, to hinder their +commencement.</p> +<p>The minister is the Rev. William Harness, known for his +edition of Shakspeare and other contributions to current +literature; and the senior curate is the Rev. Mackenzie Walcot, +whose “Memorials of Westminster,” and other works on +the ancient city, have rendered him its most popular and pleasing +historian.</p> +<p>Charles R. Harford and James Baber, Esqs., were the first +chosen churchwardens, and filled the office continuously till the +present year, when W. Aldridge, Esq., was instituted in room of +Mr. Harford.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Albert Gate</span> occupies an arched +surface over the bed of the Westbourne, which was here open and +crossed by two bridges, one just within the Park, and erected +about 1734; the other, the old bridge from which our Hamlet is +named. On its west side was the “Fox and Bull;” +on its east a low court of very old houses, named after the +“White Hart,” which, with these other buildings and +the Cannon Brewhouse, were entirely removed by authority of an +Act of Parliament (4 Vict., c. 12) passed March 10th, 1841, which +empowered the Commissioners <a name="page101"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 101</span>of Works to purchase the land on +which these tenements stood and the buildings thereon, for the +purpose of forming a new entrance to Hyde Park. +Accordingly, these improvements were carried out, and the iron <a +name="page102"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 102</span>gates, +which are of a very chaste design, were fixed August 9th, +1845. The two stags on the side pedestals formerly +performed the same watch and ward at the Ranger’s Lodge in +the Green Park. They were modelled from a pair of prints by +Bartolozzi.</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p101b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"“The Westbourne”—Looking North from +Knightsbridge" +title= +"“The Westbourne”—Looking North from +Knightsbridge" +src="images/p101s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p>Part of the ground bought by the commissioners they leased for +ninety-nine years to Mr. Thomas Cubitt, who immediately built on +the eastern side a large mansion, for which it is said Mr. +Hudson, M.P., paid him £15,000. It is now the +residence of the French Ambassador: here our Queen paid a visit +in state on May 12, 1854; and the Emperor Napoleon held a Levee +on his visit to her in May, 1855.</p> +<p>This house was at first the butt of the London wits, who named +it Gibraltar House, affirming it would <i>never be +taken</i>. This opinion did not deter Mr. Cubitt from +erecting another, now the London and County Bank Branch; and a +third is now nearly finished for Captain Layland. +Architecturally, there is nothing in these mansions to admire, +notwithstanding the arrogance with which they force +attention. Though so gigantic, they are not imposing; of an +unusual altitude, they are destitute of <a +name="page103"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 103</span>ornament, +and can only be likened to some “tall bullies,” +determined even in vulgarity to lord over their fellows.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Brompton Road</span>: a row of houses +built about twenty years since on the garden of Grosvenor +House. The National School House attached to Brompton +Church was built in 1841, in the Tudor style, from designs by Mr. +George Godwin.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Ennismore Place</span> and <span +class="smcap">Terrace</span>, built by Elger on land belonging to +the Earl of Listowel, from whose second title the name is +derived; commenced in 1848, and finished in 1855. Along the +curve at the bottom of the Terrace (now called Princes Terrace) +the boundary of St. Margaret’s parish abuts on that of +Kensington. No. 11, Princes Terrace, is the residence of +Mr. Bonamy Price.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">High Road</span>: a heterogeneous row of +houses between the Green and Rutland Gate is so called. +They are built without any attempt at uniformity, and are +generally of a mean description. Parts of the western end +are now called Trevor Terrace, and South Place. The oldest +houses in the Hamlet are in High Road: Chatham House (why so +called I know <a name="page104"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +104</span>not), built in 1688, now a broker’s, was for many +years a boarding-school, and originally surrounded by a +garden. Three doors beyond is an ancient inn, now known as +the “Rose and Crown,” but formerly the “Oliver +Cromwell,” and which has been licensed above three hundred +years. It is the oldest house in Knightsbridge, was +formerly its largest inn, and not improbably the house which +sheltered Wyatt, while his unfortunate Kentish followers rested +on the adjacent green. A tradition told by all old +inhabitants of the locality that Cromwell’s body-guard was +once quartered here, is still very prevalent, and an inscription +to that effect was till lately painted in front of the house; <a +name="citation104"></a><a href="#footnote104" +class="citation">[104]</a> and on an ornamental piece of +plaster-work was formerly emblazoned the great Protector’s +coat-of-arms. Although I have not been able to find any +mention of this place in connection with the Civil War, or with +Cromwell, yet nothing is more certain <a name="page105"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 105</span>than that (as I have before noticed) +our neighbourhood was frequently the scene of skirmishes during +that contest, or more probable than that it should be so, +considering it was the main road from the west to the +capital. In 1647 the Parliament Army was encamped about +here, and Fairfax’s head-quarters were for awhile at +Holland House; so also immediately before and after the fight at +Brentford. At all events, Mr. Corbould, the distinguished +painter, took this old inn as a subject; and “The Old +Hostelrie at Knightsbridge,” exhibited in 1849 at St. +George’s Gallery, formed a pleasing and animating +picture. He laid the scene as early as 1497; and opposite +the inn stands a well, surmounted by a figure of St. George, +while beyond is the spacious green, the meandering stream, the +bridge over it, surmounted by an embattled tower; while still +further appears the old hospital and chapel. All this is +likely to be summarily condemned as the painter’s fancy, +but it nevertheless proves that an interest in the place was not +confined to the lower orders alone. The house has of late +been much modernised, and in 1853 had a narrow escape from +destruction by fire; <a name="page106"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 106</span>but enough still remains in its +peculiar chimneys, oval-shaped windows, the low rooms, large yard +and extensive stabling, with the galleries above and office-like +places beneath, to testify to its antiquity and former +importance. <a name="citation106"></a><a href="#footnote106" +class="citation">[106]</a></p> +<p>The “Rising Sun” was for many years the residence +of Major Eyre of the Volunteers. It is built of red brick, +and on the coping is the date 16—. There was formerly +much carved work about the rooms, but all has disappeared: a +plain, old-fashioned staircase still exists. It has not +been licensed above thirty years.</p> +<p>Trevor Terrace consists of but ten houses. At the last, +Mr. Pocock, the architect, resides.</p> +<p>At the corner of South Place, which contains only three +houses, is the celebrated floor-cloth manufactory belonging to +Mr. Baber. It was the earliest one ever established, and +first erected, in 1754, by Nathan Smith. The first block +used for patterns was cut by him, and is still preserved in the +factory. A woodcut of it is given in “Dodd’s +British Manufactures,” where full particulars of the +process of this manufacture are given. In 1794 the building +was entirely destroyed by fire, but restored the <a +name="page107"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 107</span>ensuing +year; the whole was rebuilt in 1824, and presents a remarkable +appearance from its great height. At the north end is a +clock, over which is placed a figure of Time cut in stone.</p> +<p>The adjoining house (No. 2) was formerly called the +“Parsonage,” because inhabited by the Rev. J. Gamble, +of Trinity Chapel. This gentleman was in 1796 appointed +Chaplain of the Forces, and in 1799 Rector of Alphamstone and +Bradwell-juxta-Mare, Essex. For many years also he was +private chaplain to the Duke of York, who generally attended his +ministry at the Chapel. Mr. Gamble was a Fellow of Pembroke +College, Cambridge, a very able preacher, and a highly popular +man. He died in this house July 27, 1811.</p> +<p>Of late years this unpretending house has gained a world-wide +celebrity, having been the residence of Edward Sterling, the +“Thunderer of the Times.”</p> +<p>Edward Sterling was born at Waterford on the 27th February, +1773. He entered Trinity College, Dublin, and qualifying +himself for the bar, was duly called thereto; when the Irish +Rebellion breaking out, in his twenty-fifth year, the barristers +resolved to raise a corps of volunteers; <a +name="page108"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 108</span>and thus a +complete change in Sterling’s career was commenced. +He fought at Vinegar Hill, and doubtless fought well. He +quitted the bar, joined the Cheshire Militia, whence he and his +company afterwards volunteered into the line. In 1805 the +regiment was disbanded, and he removed to Kaimes Castle, Bute, +where he cultivated a farm. Afterwards he went into Wales, +and was appointed Adjutant of the Glamorgan Militia; and in 1810 +published a pamphlet on Military Reform. It was dedicated +to the Duke of Kent, and went through a second edition the +following year.</p> +<p>In 1812 he wrote a series of letters to the <i>Times</i>, +under the signature of “Vetus,” which were afterwards +collected and reprinted. In 1814 he was at Paris, and +witnessed the entry of Napoleon after his return from Elba. +He made the best of his way to London, which he never quitted as +a residence again. He resided at various places in the +suburbs, but ultimately settled at Knightsbridge, a more +congenial home with its military air; and from this modest nook +poured forth the able, torrent-like articles, which gained their +unknown author the title of the “Thunderer.”</p> +<p><a name="page109"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 109</span>He +died here in the year 1847; his wife, the excellent mother of +John Sterling, died here also, on April 16th, 1843. <a +name="citation109"></a><a href="#footnote109" +class="citation">[109]</a></p> +<p>This house was also a home to John Sterling when in London; +and here Carlyle, Maurice, Mill, and other gifted men, visited +him. It is now the residence of his brother, Colonel +Sterling; and here also came, after his honourable campaign in +the Crimea, the brave Sir Colin Campbell, who for his services in +India was created Lord Clyde.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Kent House</span>.—H.R.H. the Duke +of Kent, about fifty years ago, rented a small house, to which he +added till it attained its present size, and was named after him, +Kent House. He resided here but a few years. After +him, Lord George Seymour inhabited it; and in 1817 the Hon. +George Villiers resided here. He was next brother and +heir-presumptive to the second Earl of Clarendon, and held +several official employments. He married the Hon. Theresa +Parker, only daughter of John, first Lord Boringdon, and brother +of the Earl of Morley, and died at Kent House, March 21st, <a +name="page110"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 110</span>1827, +leaving a numerous family, three of whom at least have attained a +high reputation, viz., the present Earl of Clarendon, the Hon. C. +P. Villiers, M.P. for Wolverhampton, and Lady Theresa Lewis, +author of “The Friends and Contemporaries of Lord +Chancellor Clarendon.”</p> +<p>At Kent House (divided now) reside Earl Morley, and Sir G. C. +Lewis, the late Chancellor of the Exchequer. He married +Lady Theresa (noticed above), relict of P. H. Lister, Esq., and +is author of many important historical and political works, some +of which were written in this house.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Stratheden House</span>.—This was +many years the residence of a highly respected family named +Marsh. Charles Marsh, Esq., was a magistrate of the county, +and William Marsh was senior partner in the house of Marsh, +Graham, and Co., with which the forgeries of Fauntleroy were so +interwoven. In the misfortunes occasioned by this man Mr. +Marsh was innocently, but bitterly, involved. He was a very +public spirited man, and greatly respected in the locality.</p> +<p>Stratheden House was afterwards the residence of Francis +Bassett, Lord de Dunstanville. <a name="page111"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 111</span>He was created baronet for his +prompt heading of the Cornish miners, and bringing them to the +relief of Plymouth, when the combined fleets of France and Spain +cast anchor in the Sound in 1779. He sat in the House of +Commons many years, supporting Lord North, and afterwards Pitt, +by whom, in 1799, he was raised to the peerage. He +supported the Tory interest in the Upper House, and, though not a +prominent member, drew down on him the ire of the veteran +reformer, Cartwright. He died in 1835.</p> +<p>This mansion is now the town residence of Lord Campbell and +Lady Stratheden, after whom it is named. The first volume +of the “Lives of the Chancellors” is dated from this +house.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">High Row</span> extends from Albert Gate +Houses to the Barracks; part of it, in an absurd spirit of +sycophancy, is now called Albert Terrace. At the west side +of the stream, till the improvements were effected, stood a +celebrated inn, known as the “Fox and Bull,” +traditionally said to have been founded in the time of Elizabeth, +and used by her on her visits to Lord Burleigh at Brompton. +Its curious sign is said to be the only one of the <a +name="page112"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 112</span>kind +existing. At the “Fox and Bull” for a long +while was maintained that Queen Anne style of society, where +persons of “parts” and reputation were to be met with +in rooms open to all. A Captain Corbet was for a long while +its head; a Mr. Shaw, of the War Office, supplied the <i>London +Gazette</i>; and W. Harris, of Covent Garden Theatre, his +play-bills. <a name="citation112a"></a><a href="#footnote112a" +class="citation">[112a]</a> Sir Joshua Reynolds is said to +have occasionally been a visitor, as also Sir W. Wynn, the patron +of Ryland; and George Morland frequently so. The sign was +once painted by Sir Joshua, and hung till 1807, when it was blown +down and destroyed in a storm. The house is referred to in +the “Tatler,” No. 259.</p> +<p>The “Fox and Bull” was for many years the +receiving house of the Royal Humane Society; <a +name="citation112b"></a><a href="#footnote112b" +class="citation">[112b]</a> and here was brought the poor frame +of the first wife of the poet Shelley, who had drowned herself in +the Serpentine. She had lodged in Hans Place, a short time +before, and was known to the landlord’s daughter, Miss Mary +Ann Phillips; hence, her remains were treated <a +name="page113"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +113</span>“tenderly,” and laid out “with +care.” An inquest was held, and a verdict returned, +which saved her the revolting burial then awarded to the +suicide.</p> +<p>A magistrate used to sit here once a-week: the last was Mr. +Bond, of Sloane Street. The present is the third house that +has existed under the same sign. The first was undoubtedly +of Elizabethan build; most of its rooms were panelled and carved, +with ornamented ceilings, &c.; and it was not till 1799 that +the immense fire-places and dog-irons were removed for +stoves. This house was pulled down about 1836, and the +second immediately built on its site; this stood till the +alterations at Albert Gate made necessary the removal of the +business to its present situation.</p> +<p>In 1809 the landlord, digging to form a grain pit for his +cows, discovered six entire male skeletons, supposed to be +remains of some who had been slain (perhaps attempting to cross +the bridge) in the Civil War.</p> +<p>The Cannon Brewhouse, a large unsightly brick building, +occupied the remainder of the site of the Albert Gate +houses. Formerly here stood a row of mean dwellings, with +open cellars <a name="page114"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +114</span>in front, and at the west end a filthy court. +They were all removed for the brewhouse, the first stone of which +was laid by the late Mr. James Goding, on April 10th, 1804; at +the top was a huge wooden cannon. <a name="citation114"></a><a +href="#footnote114" class="citation">[114]</a> In 1841 the +whole was pulled down, and for ten years the ground was +unoccupied; in 1851 a temporary building for the Chinese +Collection of Mr. Dunn was erected, which in 1852 made way for +the large mansion not yet entirely finished.</p> +<p>The house now inhabited by Mr. Murray was, rather more than +thirty years since, the residence of Lady Ann Hamilton—the +faithful attendant of Caroline of Brunswick. Afterwards Mr. +Chalon, and then Mr. Davis, both artists of repute, inhabited +it. To Mr. Davis succeeded Mr. White, a naturalist, who had +here a large collection of wild beasts and birds. I have +heard he was tutor to Van Amburgh.</p> +<p>Mr. Woodburn, when living supposed to be the first judge in +matters relating to ancient art, once lived in this house. +He died in 1854. <a name="page115"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 115</span>The staircases still bear proof of +the residence of these artists here.</p> +<p>Captain Corbet, a comrade of St. Vincent, lived at No. 19; +Ozias Humphry at 13; Maurice Morgann, opposite Sloane Street, +John Taylor, the singer, Paul Bedford (for several years at 18), +Mr. Justice Burton, and Mr. McCarthy, the sculptor, at +17—were all residents of High Row. Of these, Humphry +will be noticed here. He was born at Honiton in 1742; and +early evincing a taste for drawing, was taken from the Grammar +School of his native town and sent to London, where he prosecuted +his studies most assiduously. Having, after two +years’ stay, been compelled to return through the death of +his father, he engaged himself to Mr. Collins, a miniature +painter at Bath. But in 1763, by the advice of Reynolds, he +returned to London, and was brought under public notice through +his auspices. For some years he practised with increasing +success, and in 1773 set out for Italy with Romney; he returned +in September, 1777, and his fame rapidly increased. +Miniatures he had chiefly devoted himself to, but now he turned +to full-portrait painting, to <a name="page116"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 116</span>which Hayley in his poem addressed +to Romney refers:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Thy graces, Humphry, and thy colours +clear,<br /> +From miniatures’ small circle disappear:<br /> +May their distinguished merit still prevail,<br /> +And shine with lustre on the larger scale.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>In 1785 he sailed for India; but the climate compelling him to +return before he had attained his object, he, in 1789, again +exhibited in London, confirming his former reputation, and next +year he was elected R.A. He was employed to paint a series +of original portraits of the Sackvilles by the Duke of Dorset; +but ere he had completed them his sight failed him, and though +various attempts were made to pursue his art, they were +unsuccessful, and he was compelled to terminate his professional +career.</p> +<p>Humphry was held in high estimation by some of the greatest +men of his time; by Reynolds, Hastings, and Sir W. Jones. +He is one of the heroes, too, of Boswell’s inimitable +biography: Johnson placed under his care his godson, “a son +of Mr. Paterson, eminent for his knowledge of books.” +As an artist, though he suffered many disadvantages, he ranked +high; as a man of moral worth, and kind affections, he was +“zealous in good offices, <a name="page117"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 117</span>and strenuous in his efforts for +rising genius;” and it was to him Dr. Walcot first +introduced Opie.</p> +<p>Besides the poetic niche of Hayley, Owen Cambridge mentions +him—</p> +<blockquote><p>“But, Humphry, by whom shall your labours be +told,<br /> +How your colours enliven the young and the old?”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>And Cumberland likewise—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Crown’d with fresh roses, grateful +Humphry stands,<br /> +While beauty grows immortal from his hands.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Humphry resided several years in Knightsbridge; he died at 13, +High Row, March 9th, 1810, and was buried in St. James’ +Chapel ground, Hampstead Road. <a name="citation117"></a><a +href="#footnote117" class="citation">[117]</a></p> +<p>Out of the High Row runs Mills’ Buildings, so called +from a builder of that name who erected them in 1777. At +the top, abutting on the Park, is Park Row: at No. 5, Mr. Thomas +Cooper for several years resided; and Mr. F. Matthews once lived +in this row.</p> +<p>The spot of ground now occupied by the Duke of +Wellington’s stables, just erected from designs by +Hardwick, was purchased by the <a name="page118"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 118</span>Duke from a Mr. Williams, whose +freehold property it was. Several houses in Park Place, the +“Nag’s Head,” <a name="citation118"></a><a +href="#footnote118" class="citation">[118]</a> and five other +houses, were removed for these stables. Two of them touched +on the Park, and were called Williams’ Cottages.</p> +<p>At the west end of High Row is the barrack for the +Horse-Guards, an extensive range of brick buildings, built in +1795, and capable of accommodating 600 men and 500 horses. +In the centre of the chief building is an oblong parade, around +which are the apartments for the men, and the chief stabling for +the horses. A mansion for the officers, riding school, +&c., stand at the western end.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Hyde Park</span>.—Of the glories of +Hyde Park it is almost superfluous to speak; it has been a place +of great popular resort since the days of Charles II. It +was then visited, not as now, for air and exercise only, but was +much used by the citizens for their sports. May 1st, 1654, +a great hurling match was played before the Lord Protector. +We read that on that day also “great resort came to Hyde +Park, many hundreds of rich coaches, and gallants in attire; <a +name="page119"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 119</span>but most +shameful powdered-hair men and painted and spotted +women.” Horse and footraces were also held +here. “Shall we make a fling to London, and see how +the spring appears there in Spring Garden, and in Hyde Park to +see the races, horse and foot?”—(“Merry +Beggars, or Jovial Crew,” 1641.)</p> +<p>Many and famous have been the reviews here, some of them of +deep historical interest. In October, 1803, as +before-mentioned, George III. reviewed the different Volunteer +Corps raised by the metropolis, when the total number inspected +amounted to 27,077 men, of whom our local contingent mustered in +force of 124. The enthusiasm created by the appearance of +the Guards on their return from the Crimea, and the first +distribution of the Victoria Cross by her Majesty in person, are +fresh in the public memory.</p> +<p>It is well diversified with wood and water; the Serpentine in +its space amply supplying the latter.</p> +<blockquote><p>“Well may the coyest of the Nine<br /> +Be proud to sing the Serpentine;<br /> +For never breeze has swept, nor beam<br /> +Shed light upon a luckier stream.<br /> +’Tis but a brook, whose scanty source,<br /> +Hard by, just struggles in its course,<br /> +<a name="page120"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 120</span>But +scarce has reached, slow trickling thence,<br /> +The bounds of royal influence,<br /> +When, such the favour and protection<br /> +That flows from interest and connection,<br /> +’Tis bidden a nobler form to take,<br /> +And spreads and widens to a lake.” <a +name="citation120a"></a><a href="#footnote120a" +class="citation">[120a]</a></p> +</blockquote> +<p>Would that its waters were kept sweet and pure; how much more +enjoyable would its ride and walks be. Life at the +Serpentine in the height of the London season, and after a few +days’ sharp frost, presents characteristics that can be +seen in the metropolis only.</p> +<blockquote><p> The Hyde Park river, which no +river is,<br /> + The Serpentine—which is not +serpentine,<br /> + When frozen, every skater claims as his,<br /> + In right of common, there to +entertwine<br /> + With countless crowds, and glide upon the ice.<br /> + Lining the banks, the timid and +unwilling<br /> + Stand and look on, while some the fair entice<br /> + By telling, yonder skaters are +quadrilling;<br /> +And here the skateless hire the “<i>best</i> skates” +for a shilling. <a name="citation120b"></a><a +href="#footnote120b" class="citation">[120b]</a></p> +</blockquote> +<p>As the Serpentine is at these two seasons productive of so +much enjoyment, so it is also at the same time the source of much +danger. The skater, the bather, and he who is sick of +life’s miseries, too often afford employment for the staff +at the Receiving House of the Royal Humane Society.</p> +<p><a name="page121"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 121</span>This +edifice was erected on its north bank in 1834. One devoted +to the same purpose had previously occupied the same spot. +In it are beds, warm baths, tables, and apparatus of all kinds +for the restoration of those apparently drowned, in the hope that +“perchance a spark may be concealed.” Every +effort of science is here exercised on the cases requiring such +attentions; the inspection of the public is invited by a notice +to that effect affixed outside.</p> +<p>Some little distance north and west of the Receiving House, +formerly stood a very ancient edifice, known by the name of +“The Cake House;” it was built with timber and +plaster, and roofed with flat tiles. It was a place for the +sale of refreshments to those who visited the park—hence +its name. Pepys says, April 25th, 1669:—“Abroad +with my wife in the afternoon to the Park, where very much +company, and the weather very pleasant. I carried my wife +to the Lodge the first time this year; and there in our coach eat +a cheesecake, and drank a tankard of milk.” We may +imagine by the following that it was the best known and more +visited than any other spot in the Park:—“Comely! +nay, ’tis no London female; <a name="page122"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 122</span>she’s a thing that never saw +cheesecake, tart, or syllabub, at the Lodge in Hyde +Park.”—(“The English Monsieur,” by the +Hon. James Howard. 4to. 1674.)</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p122b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"The Cake House" +title= +"The Cake House" +src="images/p122s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p>Adjacent to this old Lodge was the famous Ring, where the +racing and other amusements were carried on; and where the ground +was often dyed with the blood of the duellist.</p> +<p>The Ring, or parts of it, can still be distinctly traced on +the east of the Ranger’s Grounds. Here fell the Duke +of Hamilton, after his duel with the Lord Mohun. Swift, in +his journal to Stella, Nov. 15th, 1712, says, “The <a +name="page123"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 123</span>Duke was +helped towards the Cake House, by the Ring, in Hyde Park (where +the duel was fought), and died on the grass, before he could +reach the house:” a graphic picture, and a sad one, of that +fashionable and cruel custom now happily abolished in this +country. The journals a century ago were replete with +notices of duels fought in the Ring in Hyde Park.</p> +<p>Turn we now from these painful reminiscences. From the +Ring, we have in view the costly toy of George IV., the Marble +Arch, which, for want of a better destination, was removed to +Cumberland Gate from Buckingham Palace; it was designed by Nash, +after the arch of Constantine at Rome, and originally was +intended to have been surmounted with a chariot and horses, and +afterwards with a classic equestrian statue of his Majesty; this +was actually executed by Chantry at a cost of 9,000 guineas, but +it never reached its intended elevation, and now occupies the +pedestal at the north-east corner of Trafalgar Square. +Perhaps the most satisfactory work of art in connection with the +structure is the very beautiful pair of gates. They are +said to be the <a name="page124"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +124</span>largest in Europe; are designed in scroll, having six +openings, two filled with St. George and the Dragon, two with the +royal cypher G.R., and two with lions <i>passant gardant</i>; +they cost 3,000 guineas, and are cast in an alloy composed +largely of copper.</p> +<p>At present the erection produces a somewhat poor effect, but +it is not fair to criticise it, seeing that its original design +has not been carried out; were it surmounted with a +well-harmonised group, as at first intended, no doubt its +appearance would have been much more imposing.</p> +<p>We have in the Park, just within the entrance at the +“Corner,” the statue of Achilles, cast from cannon +taken from the French, erected in honour of the late Duke of +Wellington, by a subscription of his “Countrywomen,” +as told by the inscription thus:—</p> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: center"><span class="smcap">To +Arthur</span>, <span class="smcap">Duke of Wellington</span>,<br +/> +And His Brave Companions in Arms,<br /> +This Statue of Achilles,<br /> +Cast from Cannon taken in the Victories of Salamanca,<br /> +Vittoria, Toulouse and Waterloo,<br /> +is inscribed<br /> +By their Countrywomen.<br /> +Placed on this Spot<br /> +on the <span class="GutSmall">XVIII.</span> day of June, <span +class="GutSmall">MDCCCXXII</span>.<br /> +By command of<br /> +<span class="smcap">His</span> <span class="smcap">Majesty +George</span> IIII.</p> +</blockquote> +<p><a name="page125"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 125</span>We +give a passing reference to Rotten Row, where, every evening +during the season, may be seen one of the most animating and +national spectacles of the metropolis; the fine gravelly road is +then filled with equestrians of both sexes mounted on the most +beautiful horses, and parading up and down to the admiration of +the lounging spectators, whiling away their evening hour on the +seats or rails skirting the road. This road has lately been +injudiciously widened, being unused some eight months in the +year, and the crossing thereby rendered the more dangerous the +remaining four.</p> +<p>It is needless to speak here of the Great Exhibition of 1851: +these pages are not to tell of its beauties, its results, or the +enthusiasm it called into play; suffice it to say that our dear +old Park was the scene of its glories. We will hope that +its peaceful memories may never be effaced from among the +nations.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Hyde Park Corner</span>.—The +earliest mention of this name I have met with is in the +“Chronicle of Queen Mary,” &c., published by the +Camden Society, where Wyatt is described planting his +“ordenance over agaynst <a name="page126"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 126</span>the parke corner.” The +name properly applies to that triangularly-shaped portion of the +Park formed by the line from Stanhope Gate to Apsley House. +Several interesting incidents have occurred at this spot +deserving notice. Here James I., in March, 1606, was met by +his whole court and the House of Commons, with the Speaker at +their head, to welcome him on his safe return from a hunting +excursion near Woking, where it was stated he had been +murdered. Here, in 1625, Judge Whitelock sat on the grass +which grew in the road, and with his retinue ate the dinner +brought with them from the country, afraid to stay longer in +London than absolutely necessary, the plague having just carried +off thousands of people. After his meal, he galloped to +Westminster Hall, adjourned the courts, and quickly retired.</p> +<p>By this road, on August 6th, 1647, Fairfax and his army, all +with a laurel branch in their hats, entered from Kensington, +accompanied by the House of Commons, to go to Westminster, the +matter of the Declaration having been agreed to. From +Kensington to the fort here, a guard stood three feet deep; and +at Hyde Park Corner they were met by the Lord Mayor and <a +name="page127"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +127</span>Corporation, come to congratulate them on their +arrival. “Lieut. General Cromwell’s regiment of +horse” was among them, we are told: this was not his last +appearance here. When he returned from his Irish campaign, +Fairfax and others met him at Hounslow; and as he approached, +Colonel Barkstead’s regiment, drawn up in the highway at +the Park Corner, saluted him. In the journal of George Fox, +the Quaker, too, is an anecdote of his meeting the Protector +here.</p> +<p>After the fight at Brentford, consternation being felt by the +Londoners at the near approach of the Royal Army, a chain of +forts was thrown up by the citizens, connected with each other by +means of earth works and ramparts. Whitelock says it was +wonderful to see how the women and children, and vast numbers of +people, would come and work at digging and carrying earth to the +fortifications. The newspapers of the day teem with curious +particulars of the prevailing excitement; one day we read of five +thousand felt-makers, another of four thousand porters, then of +five thousand shoemakers, and six thousand tailors, all to assist +in the pressing work. Nor were the fair <a +name="page128"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 128</span>sex +behindhand; Butler, in his “Hudibras,” alluding to +this, says they</p> +<blockquote><p>“March’d rank and file, with drum and +ensign<br /> +T’ intrench the city for defence in,<br /> +Raised rampiers with their own soft hands<br /> +To put the enemy to stands;<br /> +From ladies down to oyster-wenches,<br /> +Labour’d like pioneers in trenches;<br /> +Fall’n to their pickaxes and tools,<br /> +And helped the men to dig like moles.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p128b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"Fort—formerly at Hyde Park Corner" +title= +"Fort—formerly at Hyde Park Corner" +src="images/p128s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p>And Nash, in a note on this passage, says:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Ladies Middlesex, Foster, Anne Waller, and +Mrs. Dunch, were particularly remarkable for their +activity.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>One of these forts stood on the brow of the <a +name="page129"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 129</span>hill at +Hyde Park Corner; it was a large one, consisting of four +bastions, commanding the ascent and the adjoining fields. +Four years afterwards—no further use remaining for +them—the House of Commons ordered their removal.</p> +<p>Dr. King relates an interesting anecdote of Charles II. +meeting his brother James at this spot, on his return from a +hunting excursion, and escorted by a party of the Guards. +Charles, who was out for a stroll in the Park, of which he was +very fond, was attended by but two of his Court. The Guards +recognising the King, halted; and James being acquainted with the +cause thereof, stepped from his coach, and saluted his brother, +but expressed his surprise to meet him there almost unattended, +and thought he exposed himself to some danger. “No +kind of danger, James,” replied Charles, “for I am +sure no man in England will take away my life to make you +king.” <a name="citation129"></a><a href="#footnote129" +class="citation">[129]</a></p> +<p>Respecting this interesting anecdote, a tradition tells us +that Charles II. was very partial to a walk in Hyde Park, and +that at the spot to which he limited himself generally he <a +name="page130"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 130</span>planted two +acorns from the Boscobel Tree. The trees from them grew at +the north side of the Serpentine, just where the road turns off +by the magazine towards Bayswater. For many years they were +fenced in, but one only now remains; the other, much decayed, was +removed in 1854.</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p130b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"Oak, planted by Charles the Second" +title= +"Oak, planted by Charles the Second" +src="images/p130s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p>Hyde Park Corner is now the most magnificent entrance to the +metropolis; the entrances to the Parks, Apsley House, and, in the +background, the glorious towers of Westminster, <a +name="page131"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 131</span>form a +scene at once imposing and national. Formerly the entrance +was very mean; a turnpike blocked the way, and instead of the +classic archways, paltry lodges and iron gates led to the +parks. Between the lodge and park side was a dead wall, +eight feet high, built in the reign of Charles II., but removed +in 1828. The toll-house was sold by auction, October 4th, +1825, and cleared away immediately.</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p131b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"Hyde Park Corner—1824" +title= +"Hyde Park Corner—1824" +src="images/p131s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p>The existing entrance to Hyde Park was completed in 1828, from +designs of Mr. Decimus Burton; the frieze was designed by +Archibald Henning; the ironwork by Bramah. The Triumphal +Arch leading to Constitution Hill was built about the same time; +its beautiful gates were likewise the work of Bramah.</p> +<p>From Hyde Park Corner the distances to the west are measured; +a standard stood near to Apsley House till about 1827.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Kensington Gore</span> was, as before +shown, originally called Kyngsgore—firstly, because it +belonged to the king; and secondly, from its peculiar shape; +gore, an old English word, meaning “a narrow slip of +land,” according to <a name="page132"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 132</span>the old glossaries. In Kent, +the peasantry call a triangularly-shaped piece of ground a gore; +and seamstresses use the word in a similar manner to the present +day, to express a gusset or piece of stuff let into their +work. The early history of the Gore in connection with +Kilburn Priory has been noticed; and here its modern story must +be told. From Prince Albert’s Road to Noel House is +generally now considered as the Gore.</p> +<p>Brompton Park Nursery was established during the reign of +Charles II. During the greater part of the seventeenth +century the land appears to have belonged to the Percivals, +ancestors of the Earl of Egmont. Philip Percival, the +friend of Pym and Hollis, was born here in 1603. Brompton +Park appears to have extended from what is now called Cromwell +Road to the road from Knightsbridge to Kensington. Various +properties were cut out of it; but the Percivals were here at +least till 1675. Soon after this date about sixty acres +appear to have been formed into a nursery garden, the first ever +established in this country. It early excited great +attention, more particularly about 1690–1700, when it +belonged <a name="page133"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +133</span>to George London and Henry Wise, the most celebrated +gardeners of the time. Evelyn, in his “Diary,” +records, on April 24th, 1694, taking “Mr. Waller to see +Brompton Park, where he was in admiration at the store of rare +plants, and the method he found in that noble nursery, and how +well it was cultivated.” Evelyn again alludes to the +nursery in his “Sylva,” declaring that the +“sight” of it “gave an idea of something +greater” than he could express. He speaks highly of +the skill and industry here shown, and says the like is not to be +met with in this or any other country. Bowack, writing in +1705, affirms that if the plants were valued but at one penny +each, they would be worth above £40,000.</p> +<p>Messrs. London and Wise translated from the French “The +Complete Gardener,” published in 1701. They were +gardeners to William III.; and Kensington Gardens were laid out +by them. Wise also superintended the laying-out of Hampton +Court; and Evelyn mentions visiting him there. After them, +the establishment went through various hands; but when the +surrounding fields were built on, the smoke injured the plants; +and the railways <a name="page134"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +134</span>bringing up fruit and vegetables cheaper than they +could be brought to perfection at here, the business gradually +diminished, and in 1853 entirely ceased.</p> +<p>Along an ancient wall separating the grounds from those of +Cromwell House, a valuable collection of vines was planted, which +were cultivated with great success. This wall, the contents +of the gardens, and the dwellings therein, were cleared away in +1855. The following list of owners is chiefly taken from +Faulkner:—</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p>1681.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Lukar and Co.</p> +</td> +<td><p>1714.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Smith and Co.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>1686.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Cooke and Co.</p> +</td> +<td><p>1756.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Jefferies and Co.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>1689.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Wise.</p> +</td> +<td><p>1788.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Gray and Co.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>1694.</p> +</td> +<td><p>London and Wise.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">—</p> +</td> +<td><p>Gray, Adams, and Hogg.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>1700.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Swinhoe.</p> +</td> +<td><p>1849.</p> +</td> +<td><p>Adams and Hogg.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>Mr. James Gray, who was chief partner in this concern so long, +died at Brompton in 1849. He is mentioned with respect in +Faulkner’s “History of Kensington.”</p> +<p>Park House, a plain but spacious mansion, pulled down in 1856, +adjoined Princes Gate. It was divided from the road by a +brick wall, part of that ancient one just mentioned, for this +house stood within Brompton Park: hence its name. Probably +a more ancient mansion stood <a name="page135"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 135</span>here; but the late one was for many +years the seat of the Veres, bankers of the city of London. +Afterwards it became the residence of William Evans, Esq., M.P., +soon after whose death it was sold.</p> +<p>Eden Lodge was the residence of Lord Auckland, +Governor-General of India. Here he retired after his +return, and died in 1849.</p> +<p>Mercer Lodge, a small brick residence, was inhabited by Frank +Marryat, son of the novelist, and himself an author of one or two +books of travel. Mr. Henry Mayhew now resides here.</p> +<p>Immediately adjoining is a row of five houses, called +emphatically Kensington Gore. All are faced with white +stucco, are very small, and appear as if intended for the lodge +of some great mansion never erected. Two of them, which +seem to contain but one room, have, however, second storeys at +the back, and good gardens, which, with the Park in front, render +them very pleasant residences. At one of these houses, in +1816, Mrs. Inchbald inquired after some lodgings which were to +let. The landlady was too fine a personage for the writer +of “The Simple Story,” and so exacting in her demands +that her applicant indignantly <a name="page136"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 136</span>wended her way elsewhere. No. +2, now called Hamilton Lodge, was once the occasional residence +of John Wilkes. The house was kept by Mrs. Arnold, mother +of his second daughter Harriett, who married Mr. Serjeant Rough, +afterwards an Indian judge. Wilkes sometimes had high +visitors here: Mr. Leigh Hunt quotes a memorandum of his, +regarding a dinner here to Counts Woronzow and Nesselrode; and if +we are to set down Sir Philip Francis as Junius, here Junius +visited, as Mrs. Rough said, frequently; and when a child he once +cut off a lock of her hair. Wilkes to the last walked hence +to the city, attired in his scarlet and buff suit, with a cocked +hat and rosette, and military boots, a dress authorised by his +position as colonel of militia. The urn over the doorway +Mr. Leigh Hunt imagines to have been placed there by him as an +indication of his classic taste, and the supposition is most +probably correct. No. 5 was the residence for awhile of +Count D’Orsay.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Gore House</span>.—In 1808, Mr. +Wilberforce took this mansion (which had previously been the +residence of a Government contractor) for his home. He +found it, he says, more salubrious <a name="page137"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 137</span>than his house at Clapham; and +writes further, “We are just one mile from the turnpike at +Hyde Park Corner, having about three acres of pleasure-ground +around our house, or rather behind it, and several old trees, +walnut and mulberry, of thick foliage. I can sit and read +under their shade, with as much admiration of the beauties of +nature as if I were two hundred miles from the great +city.” Here he passed many years of his happy and +useful life, his house the resort of those men who awoke our land +from the deadly torpor into which years of fearful warfare had +plunged it. Here came Clarkson, Zachary Macaulay, Romilly, +and others, to commune together on those measures which, to quote +Channing, brought about “the most signal expression +afforded by our times of the progress of civilisation and a purer +Christianity.”</p> +<p>Wilberforce was exceedingly partial to Gore House, and his +friends appear to have always found a ready home within it. +In 1814, Mr. Henry Thornton, for many years M.P. for Southwark, +and one of his most earnest supporters, came here for the benefit +of the air and medical aid. He lingered a few weeks, <a +name="page138"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 138</span>and died +here January 17th, 1815, aged fifty-three. Isaac Milner, +too, an early friend, who came to London to attend the Board of +Longitude, died here after five weeks’ illness, on April +1st, 1820.</p> +<p>The following year Wilberforce quitted Gore House. He +retired to Marden, in Surrey, a lovely spot and an interesting +locality; but he regretted leaving</p> +<blockquote><p>“The still retreats that soothed his +tranquil breast,”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>and often in after years alludes to his old home, its +associations, and his “Kensington Gore +breakfasts.”</p> +<p>Great is the contrast Gore House next presents: strange are +the mutabilities of a metropolitan mansion. After the +philanthropist, a few unknown persons held the place ere the next +celebrity, one of a totally opposite character, reigned. +Lady Blessington—for to her allusion is made—came +here in 1836; and the opposition of ideas called forth by such +persons seems to have suggested to James Smith his</p> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">GORE HOUSE: AN +IMPROMPTU.</p> +<p>Mild Wilberforce, by all beloved,<br /> + Once own’d this hallow’d spot,<br /> +Whose zealous eloquence improved<br /> + The fetter’d Negro’s lot;<br /> +<a name="page139"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 139</span>Yet here +still slavery attacks<br /> + When Blessington invites:<br /> +The chains from which he freed the Blacks,<br /> + She rivets on the Whites.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Lady Blessington came to Gore House in 1836; and the brilliant +circle which thronged around her in Seamore Place was increased +with the greater capabilities of the new residence. Haydon, +writing February 27th, 1835, says, “Everybody goes to Lady +Blessington’s. She has the first news of everything, +and everybody seems delighted to tell her. She is the +centre of more talent and gaiety than any woman of fashion in +London.” To Gore House came novelists and dramatists, +artists and actors, statesmen and refugees. Here Louis +Napoleon, just escaped from captivity at Ham, first came for the +shelter of an English roof; and afterwards—deep lesson +too—a few years later she went forth as privately perhaps +as her guest had entered, from the palace of which she had been +Queen, to seek in the capital of him whom she had harboured, that +support she had so freely bestowed on him; the late refugee then +having an empire rapidly falling into his hands; her object was +not gained, and on this occasion “hope left a wretched one +that sought <a name="page140"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +140</span>her.” Lady Blessington finally quitted Gore +House April 14th, 1849.</p> +<p>Marguerite, Countess of Blessington, was daughter of Edmund +Power, a coarse, unfeeling squire of Tipperary. She was +born September 1st, 1790, and at fifteen married to a Captain +Farmer, as brutal a character as her father. They separated +in 1807, and he, compelled to go to India, died there.</p> +<p>Being denied a home under her father’s roof, she for +some years lived in seclusion and study, but becoming acquainted +with the Earl of Blessington, married him in February, +1818. Then another phase of her life commenced, and their +mansion in St. James’s Square was the resort of the most +fashionable of the day. Her beauty at this time was very +great, and afforded a theme for the pen of Byron, and the pencil +of Sir Thomas Lawrence. With the poet she became acquainted +during her well-known continental tour, during which the +introduction to D’Orsay also took place. Lord +Blessington dying at Paris in 1825, his widow remained there till +after the Revolution of 1830, when she returned to London.</p> +<p>Connected with the story of Lady Blessington, <a +name="page141"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 141</span>that of +Count D’Orsay is intimately woven. He was a great +favourite of Lord Blessington, whose daughter by his first wife +was, when quite a young girl, fetched from school to marry him; +and a promise also is said to have been given from the Count to +his Lordship, and from the Count’s mother to Lady +Blessington, that they (the Count and her Ladyship) would never +leave each other. Be that as it may, they lived together +for above a quarter of a century, and increase of years seemed +still stronger to consolidate the engagement. D’Orsay +led a gay and extravagant life in London, considerably beyond his +means, in great measure appearing to consider his patronage +sufficient payment. He undoubtedly possessed great +abilities, was an excellent artist, and a humourist of the first +water. But his conduct to his wife was cruel in the +extreme; she was spurned by him entirely; he still pocketing an +income from her father’s estates! For a long time he +could only make his exit from Gore House on Sundays, for fear of +arrest, and his extravagancies vastly accelerated the day of +retribution. He and Lady Blessington retired to Paris, and +Gore House was stripped of its contents by <a +name="page142"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 142</span>public +sale. There, whatever was the cause, they met not with the +reception anticipated. Lady Blessington died soon after, on +June 4th, 1849. D’Orsay designed her monument, and in +little more than three years after his career was ended. He +died July 1st, 1852.</p> +<p>Gore House became, in 1851, Monsieur Soyer’s +“Symposium for all Nations.” Here that +celebrated minister of the interior provided international +feasts, farewell banquets, &c.; and various amusements in the +highly-decorated rooms conduced to the public pleasure. The +gardens were beautifully laid out and ornamented with sculpture, +while the interior testified to the industry and taste of Madame +Soyer in the art of painting. In February, 1852, all was +again dismantled, its <i>Baronial Hall</i> and <i>Encampment of +all Nations</i> being sold by auction.</p> +<p>Gore House was shortly afterwards purchased by the Royal +Commissioners of the Great Exhibition of 1851. The whole +estate comprised about twenty-one acres, added to which were +Gray’s Nursery Grounds, Park House, and Grove House, and +various market-gardens, the grounds of Cromwell House, and <a +name="page143"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 143</span>other lands +belonging to the Earl of Harrington and the Baron de +Villars. Acts of Parliament were passed legalising the +plans of the Commissioners, and in accordance various old +footpaths, &c., were stopped, and houses removed. A +complete revolution has been effected, two magnificent roads +leading from the Gore to Cromwell Road at Brompton have been +formed, and at length Gore House itself was doomed. Its +materials were sold by lots on July 17th, 1857, and soon after +the building was removed.</p> +<p>Grove House, adjoining Gore House, was for many years the +residence of Lady Elizabeth Whitbread, widow of the celebrated +statesman. With Gore House it has, since 1852, been used +for schools and offices of the department of Science and Art.</p> +<p>Beyond this spot our description does not extend: the district +of All Saints and manor of Knightsbridge stretch much further, +but such parts have been already described by Mr. Faulkner. +Ere, however, I quite leave the Gore, it must be mentioned that, +among others, Carrington Bowles, the celebrated printseller, had +a house, and died here June 20th, 1793. <a +name="page144"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 144</span>The Rev. +Thomas Clare, vicar of St. Bride’s, Fleet Street, and an +author of some repute, also at one time resided here.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Kinnerton Street</span> is so called from +an estate belonging to the Grosvenor family. Here is a +dissecting school and anatomical museum attached to St. +George’s Hospital.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Knightsbridge Green</span>, formed by the +junction of the Kensington and Fulham Roads, was formerly of +greater extent than at the present time. It was formerly +the village green in reality, and its last Maypole was preserved +as lately as 1800. At its east end was, till about 1835, a +watch-house and pound, and Addison, in a humorous paper in the +“Spectator,” alludes to it. Proposing to +satisfy by home news the craving for intelligence occasioned by +the just concluded war, he writes,—“By my last +advices from Knightsbridge, I hear that a horse was clapped into +the pound on the third instant, and that he was not released when +the letters came away.”—(<i>Spectator</i>, No. +142.)</p> +<p>The greater part of the Green is now covered by Middle Row, a +medley of very inferior houses. On the north side is an old +inn (rebuilt in 1851) called after the bluff Marquis of <a +name="page145"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +145</span>Granby. The soldier has been dethroned, and Sir +Joseph Paxton promoted in his stead.</p> +<blockquote><p>Vernon, the Butcher Cumberland, Wolfe, Hawke,<br +/> + Prince Ferdinand, Granby, Burgoyne, Keppell, +Howe,<br /> +Evil and good, have had their tithe of talk,<br /> + And fill’d the sign-posts +then as Wellesley now.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>William Moffatt, who in conjunction with Frederick Wood, +surveyed London and published a valuable and clever map of the +levels thereof, lived at this time in Middle Row. His +coadjutor still lives (in indigent circumstances) in the +locality.</p> +<p>The small plot of ground railed in, is said, by a very general +tradition, to have been the spot where the victims of the plague +from the Lazar House and elsewhere in the hamlet were +buried. I have strong reasons for placing faith in this +tradition; and in 1808, some human remains found where now stands +William Street were buried here, it being considered the proper +spot for such. King’s Row, built in 1785, has not a +cellar to a single house for this reason. At its end is a +detached brick building, the school-house of All Saints +district.</p> +<p>A market was held here till the beginning of the present +century for cattle every Thursday; <a name="page146"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 146</span>the last pen-posts were not removed +till 1850. A fair was also held here annually on July +31st.</p> +<p>Grosvenor House, which formed with Mr. Rogers’ premises +one tenement, was for many years the residence of the Gosling +family, who were for a long while connected with the +hamlet. Francis Gosling, Esq., an eminent banker, lived +here; he died February 25th, 1817. Bennett Gosling, Esq., +his nephew, resided in Lowndes Square, where he died, May 12th, +1855.</p> +<p>The “Pakenham” was built as the hotel for an +intended railway terminus. On its site was an old house, +many years the residence of Mr. Egg, the founder of the +well-known firm of gunsmiths in Piccadilly.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Knightsbridge Terrace</span> till within +the last five-and-twenty years had not a shop in it. Every +house was private, and had a deep basement area in front. +The corner house, now divided, was for many years Mr. +Telfair’s “College for the Deaf and +Dumb.” James Telfair died in 1796, aged 84; his son, +Cortez Telfair, died April 23rd, 1816, aged 65. Both were +buried at Kensington, and in the church <a +name="page147"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 147</span>is a tablet +to their memory. It states Cortez Telfair to have been +celebrated for his literary attainments; but what these were I +have not been able to learn, other than that, in 1775, he edited +“The Town and Country Spelling Book.” <a +name="citation147"></a><a href="#footnote147" +class="citation">[147]</a></p> +<p>In one of the houses immediately facing the Chapel resided for +many years Maurice Morgann, Esq., author of an “Essay on +the Character of Falstaff,” and Under-Secretary of State to +the first administration of Lord Shelburne. He was also +Secretary to the Embassy for ratifying the Peace with the United +States in 1783.</p> +<p>Besides his remarkable “Essay on Falstaff,” he +published “Remarks on the Slave Trade,” a useful and +earnest pamphlet. In the “Gentleman’s +Magazine,” December, 1815, a writer endeavoured to fix on +him the authorship of the “Heroic Epistle to Sir William +Chambers,” now known to have been concocted by Mason and +Walpole, but published under the pseudonyme of “Malcolm +M‘Gregor, of Knightsbridge, Esq.” But Dr. +Symmons, Morgann’s <a name="page148"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 148</span>friend and executor, denied the +ownership, and declared his repeated injunctions were, that all +his papers should be destroyed, and that he never published any +but those with his name. Symmons had previously said, +“Some of those writings destroyed, in the walks of +politics, metaphysics, and criticism, would have planted a +permanent laurel on his grave.” <a +name="citation148"></a><a href="#footnote148" +class="citation">[148]</a> Mr. Morgann is one who has an +honourable niche in Boswell’s inimitable “Life of +Johnson.”</p> +<p>Morgann afterwards removed to High Row, where he died March +28th, 1802, in his seventy-seventh year. “As a man, +he stood detached from the general contagion of the age he lived +in; neither complying with the vices of the great, however +familiar or seductive, nor with their frivolities, however +general or imposing. His mind was compounded of pure and +simple elements, which inseparably mixed in his business, his +friendships, and intercourse with all mankind; and it was often +no less pleasing to his friends, than to the lovers of virtue in +general, to see with what lustre those plain but prepossessing +colours outshone the glare of <a name="page149"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 149</span>fashion, and the accommodating +varnish of modern morals.” <a name="citation149a"></a><a +href="#footnote149a" class="citation">[149a]</a></p> +<p><span class="smcap">Lowndes Square</span>, so named from +William Lowndes, Esq., of Chesham, to whom the land +belongs. According to Dr. King, rector of Chelsea (1694 to +1732), in his MS. account of that parish, <a +name="citation149b"></a><a href="#footnote149b" +class="citation">[149b]</a> this site at one time belonged to a +Benedictine convent. It certainly formed part of the gift +of Edward the Confessor to the Abbey, but has been in lay hands +ever since the Reformation. At about where William Street +joins the Square stood a large detached house, formerly a place +of amusement, and known as Spring Garden. Dr. King mentions +it as “an excellent Spring Garden.” <a +name="citation149c"></a><a href="#footnote149c" +class="citation">[149c]</a> And among the entries of +“The Virtuosi, or St. Luke’s Club,” Established +by Vandyke, is the following allusion:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Paid and spent at Spring Gardens, by +Knightsbridge, forfeiture £3 15 shgs.” <a +name="citation149d"></a><a href="#footnote149d" +class="citation">[149d]</a></p> +</blockquote> +<p>That enjoyable chronicler, Pepys, too, I fancy alludes to +Spring Gardens in the following <a name="page150"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 150</span>entry in his +“Diary.” It must be premised that the hearty +clerk of the Admiralty had been to Kensington, and there, as was +frequently his wont, had had what he innocently and amusingly +terms a “frolic”:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“June 16, 1664. I lay in my drawers, +and stockings, and waistcoat till five of the clock, and so up, +and being well pleased with our frolic, walked to Knightsbridge, +and there ate a mess of cream, and so to St. James’,” +&c.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>And again he chronicles (April 24th, 1665) a visit to the +Park. “But the King being there, and I now-a-days +being doubtful of being seen in any pleasure, did part from the +town, and away out of the Park to Knightsbridge, and there ate +and drank in the coach and so home.”</p> +<p>Spring Gardens was at this time a name applied to almost all +places of outdoor recreation, the appellation being borrowed from +the celebrated garden near Charing Cross. But Pepys speaks +also of a place of entertainment called “The World’s +End,” at Knightsbridge, which I believe could have been +only the sign adopted by the owner of this garden for his +house. Pepys, on another occasion relating that he went +forth to Hyde Park, was “<i>too </i><a +name="page151"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 151</span><i>soon to +go in</i>, so went on to Knightsbridge, and there ate and drank +at the World’s End, where we had good things, and then back +to the Park, and there till night, being fine weather, and much +company.” (“Diary,” May 9th, 1669.) +Again, on May 31st in the same year, he records going “to +the World’s End, a drinking-house by the Park, and there +merry, and so home late.”</p> +<p>Congreve, in his “Love for Love,” alludes, in a +regular woman’s quarrel, to the place:—</p> +<blockquote><p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.—Pooh, here’s a +clutter!—Why should it reflect upon you?—I +don’t doubt but you have thought yourself happy in a +hackney coach before now. If I had gone to Knightsbridge, +or to Chelsea, or to Spring Garden, or Barn Elms, with a man +alone—something might have been said.</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.—Why, was I ever in any of those +places! What do you mean, sister?</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.—Was I? what do you mean?</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.—You have been at a worse +place.</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.—I at a worse place, and with a +man!</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.—I suppose you would not go alone +to the World’s End?</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.—The World’s End! What do +you mean to banter me?</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.—Poor innocent; you don’t +know that there is a place called the World’s End. +I’ll swear you can keep your countenance—surely +you’ll make an admirable player.</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.—I’ll swear you have a great +deal of impudence, and, in my mind, too much for the stage.</p> +<p><a name="page152"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +152</span><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.—Very well, that will +appear who has most. You never were at the World’s +End?</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.—No.</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.—You deny it positively to my +face?</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.—Your face! what’s your +face?</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.—No matter for that, it is as good +a face as yours.</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.—Not by a dozen years’ +wearing. But I do deny it, positively, to your face, +then.</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.—I’ll allow you now to find +fault with my face; for I’ll swear your impudence has put +me out of countenance. But look you here now; where did you +lose this gold bodkin?—Oh, sister!—oh, sister!</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.—My bodkin!</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.—Nay, it is yours—look at +it.</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.—Well, if you go to that, where did +you find this bodkin? Oh sister! sister! sister every +way!</p> +<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.—Oh! devil on’t that I could +not discover her without betraying myself. +(<i>Aside</i>.)</p> +</blockquote> +<p>The house belonging to this garden stood till about +1826. For many years it was the residence of a Dr. C. +Kelly, who here had an anatomical museum. He resided here +in 1773, and quitted it about 1805. The house was +afterwards tenanted by a gentleman named Bowes; and the museum +became the auction-room of Mr. Herring. About 1818, Warren, +builder to George III., took the premises; he turned the whole +into workshops. After him <a name="page153"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 153</span>came Mr. Cubitt, who, about 1828, +procuring a lease from Mr. Lowndes, pulled the whole down, and +laid out the ground for buildings. The first houses were +erected about 1836–7, but it was not till 1849 that the +square was wholly completed.</p> +<p>Various relics of the Civil War have been found on this site: +arms, spurs, bits, cockades, &c.; and relics telling of a +different kind of struggle—staves and handcuffs, evidences +of successful rencontres between the footpad and the +constable. A path by the stream’s side ran along to +Bloody Bridge, proceeding thence to Ranelagh. On grand gala +nights such paths were protected by patrols and the more able of +the Chelsea Pensioners.</p> +<p>Among the eminent inhabitants of Lowndes Square may be +enumerated the late Sir William Molesworth and Mr. Leader, M.P. +for Westminster, at No. 1; Mr. M. J. Higgins, celebrated for his +contributions on military matters to the <i>Times</i>, also lived +at No. 1. He is thus delineated by Mrs. Gascoigne in her +poem, “Belgravia:”—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Nor whilst my muse still haunts these +favourite bounds,<br /> +Shall she forget to sing thy Square, O Lowndes!<br /> +<a name="page154"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 154</span>Harbour +of peace, near which the troubled sea<br /> +Of human traffic roars unceasingly,<br /> +Yet enters not—though day by day it swells<br /> +Fiercer and fiercer; at the opening dwells<br /> +A man whom rage and clamour ne’er withstood,<br /> +The well-known champion of the neighbourhood!<br /> +Him all who seek oppression view with fear,<br /> +For sharp his wit, his mind acute and clear!<br /> +With subtlest force, he wields the powerful pen.<br /> +But aims it at abuses, not at men!<br /> +Him Vestries know, and Rate Collectors dread,<br /> +For cool his spirit—hard his reasoning head;<br /> +And though a giant in his strength he be,<br /> +Yet free from Tyrant’s love of rule is he;<br /> +And whilst men seek, and to his judgment bend,<br /> +They find in him a leader and a friend.” <a +name="citation154"></a><a href="#footnote154" +class="citation">[154]</a></p> +</blockquote> +<p>Mrs. Gascoigne, author of “Belgravia,” +“Spencer’s Cross Manor House,” “The Next +Door Neighbours,” and other works, resides at No. 14. +Admiral Sotheby, one who fought at the Nile, lived at No. 38, and +died January, 20th, 1854. Sir Henry Campbell, who died in +1856, Sir Willoughby Cotton, Mr. Tite, M.P., Mr. Brassey, the +extensive contractor, Mr. Whiteside, M.P., Mr. R. B. Wingfield, +and Mr. Malins, M.P., number also among the inhabitants of +Lowndes Square.</p> +<p>The row of houses on the south side was designed by Mr. Lewis +Cubitt, and with greater <a name="page155"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 155</span>regard to architectural effect than +anything of its kind then in the metropolis. It was built +in 1843.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Lowndes Terrace</span>—A row of +shops between William Street and Sloane Street, occupying the +site of a row of old-fashioned houses, of two storeys high, with +pleasant gardens in front and rear, giving the roadway quite a +rural appearance. The house at the eastern end belonged to +one Banting, who built some projecting shops over the front +gardens in 1815, and named the row Waterloo Market. His +expectations were not realised; and in 1823 these old premises +were removed, and the present houses erected. There were +but six houses. At No. 5 resided, fifty years ago, Andrews, +an artist of some repute in his day; and at No. 6 for some years +lived the mother of Rodwell, the author and composer; and her +son’s early years were partly passed at this pleasant +spot.</p> +<p>At the west end of this row a narrow lane, called +Porter’s Lane, led to the fields. On its right-hand +side, and divided from it by a hedge, stood a large detached +mansion, known as <a name="page156"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +156</span>Knightsbridge Grove, approached through a fine avenue +of stately trees from the highway. For many years a man +named Hicks, a “sporting character,” kept the place, +and George IV., when Prince of Wales, and others of similar +tastes, were led hither. Mr. Egg, the gunmaker, once +erected a large wooden building for some balloon experiments in +the grounds. And this was, I believe, the house where the +notorious Teresa Cornellys attempted to recover her bygone +reputation.</p> +<p>Teresa Cornellys was a native of Germany; and early showing an +inclination to music, was brought up to it as a profession, and +soon became celebrated on the Continent as a public singer. +Having accumulated a considerable sum of money, she came to +England, about 1757; and her fame gradually becoming known, she +was induced, in 1763, to open Carlisle House, Soho Square, as a +place of public entertainment. None but the upper classes +were admitted, and the rooms were decorated in the most costly +manner. Her balls, concerts, and masquerades soon gained +great celebrity, being carried on in a most glaring and +extravagant <a name="page157"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +157</span>style. And this was not all: her masquerades were +characterised, not only by indecency, but also by mockery of the +most solemn feelings and principles. <a +name="citation157a"></a><a href="#footnote157a" +class="citation">[157a]</a> The lessees of the theatres +were injured by her popularity, and stimulated the outcry which +began to arise; and at length she was convicted before Sir John +Fielding for performing dramatic entertainments without a +licence. The opposition of the managers, and the Pantheon +opening with a class of amusements somewhat similar in 1772, with +the restraint imposed by the magistrate’s decision, +combined to ruin her; and in August, 1772, her effects were sold +by auction, and she became a bankrupt. <a +name="citation157b"></a><a href="#footnote157b" +class="citation">[157b]</a></p> +<p>The allusions to Mrs. Cornellys in contemporary literature are +innumerable; Murphy, in his Epilogue to <i>Zobeide</i>, 1771, +refers to her popularity:—</p> + +<blockquote><p> “Oh, +farewell!<br /> +For her each haunt that charms a modern belle!<br /> +Adieu, Almack’s! Cornellys’! masquerade!<br /> +Sweet Ranelagh! Vauxhall’s enchanting shade!” +&c.</p> +</blockquote> +<p><a name="page158"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 158</span>This +allusion will suffice for one view of her career. The +opposite is severely described by Combe, in his satire “The +Diabolady,” published in 1777:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“The ready ministers of hell’s +commands,<br /> +Obedient fly, and take their several stands<br /> +At Court, Cornellys’, and the Coterie;<br /> +Where vice, more vicious by effrontery,<br /> +Fearless, unblushing, braves the eternal laws<br /> +Of God and man to aid the devil’s cause.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>After her bankruptcy she followed her profession for several +years at various places in London, but in 1785 was obliged to +retire from the importunities of her creditors. Ten years +after, to the great surprise of the public, she reappeared at +Knightsbridge as Mrs. Smith, a retailer of asses’ +milk. A suite of breakfast-rooms was opened; but her former +influence could not be recovered. The speculation utterly +failed; and at length she was consigned to the Fleet +Prison. There she ended her shallow career, dying August +19, 1797.</p> +<p>Immediately beyond the entrance to the Grove stood Messrs. +Downing’s floor-cloth manufactory, formerly Morley and +Downing’s. It was a pleasant detached house, with a +clean <a name="page159"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +159</span>white front, and conspicuous green verandahs. It +was pulled down in 1823, and the manufacturing department removed +to the King’s Road.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Montpelier Square</span>, so called from +the salubrity of its air, <a name="citation159"></a><a +href="#footnote159" class="citation">[159]</a> was built about +1837. Mr. Fairholt, the distinguished artist and antiquary +(at No. 10), Mr. Walter Lacy (38), Dr. Morison (27), and the Rev. +Mackenzie Walcot, to whose writings on the city of Westminster I +owe several obligations, are among its residents.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">New Street</span>, built, I believe, about +1773, was a new street across the fields to Sloane Street, and is +the point dividing Knightsbridge and Brompton—formerly, +according to the landladies, a very “respectable” +street; it has in our day sadly changed. At No. 7, Chalon, +the animal painter, resided; and at No. 6, the Right Hon. David +Pigott in 1824 and ’25, while studying under Mr., +afterwards Chief Justice, Tindal. Mr. Godwin, the editor of +the <i>Builder</i>, also in his boyhood. In Exeter Street +resided a family named Perrin, one of whom it has been said was +employed by the Duchess of <a name="page160"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 160</span>Kingston to furnish a place of +meeting between Prince George, afterwards George III., and his +fair <i>inamorata</i>, Hannah Lightfoot. <a +name="citation160"></a><a href="#footnote160" +class="citation">[160]</a> The Perrins appear to have long +resided in Knightsbridge; entries of the name occur in the +registers of Trinity Chapel as far back as 1680.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Park Side</span>, abutting on the south +side of Hyde Park, is a part of the manor of Knightsbridge, +although eastward of the stream, and is the freehold of the Dean +and Chapter of Westminster. The Birkheads were once the +lessees; at present it is rented by the descendants of Mr. +Gamble, of Trinity Chapel. The row of petty shops at its +east end were erected about fifty years since, the houses +formerly extending no further than the one now occupied by Miss +Marshall. The Knightsbridge Bank, a private concern, was +carried on in Mr. W. Stocken’s house, and these shops were +offices belonging thereto.</p> +<p>Just within the park is a conduit, which supplies the palace +with spring water; a descent of three steps in the main road led +to a receptacle for its supply to the inhabitants of +Knightsbridge, <a name="page161"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +161</span>which still exists in another form. Close to this +“spring,” as it is termed, the stocks were placed for +the punishment of village sots and rogues. No hamlet around +the “great wen,” as Cobbett called the metropolis, +was without one. Taylor, the water-poet, says—</p> +<blockquote><p>“In London, and within a mile, I ween,<br /> +There are of jails or prisons full eighteen,<br /> +And sixty whipping-posts, and stocks, and cages!” <a +name="citation161a"></a><a href="#footnote161a" +class="citation">[161a]</a></p> +</blockquote> +<p>At No. 10 resided for many years John Read, a man of great +benevolence of character, of scientific celebrity, and of high +repute in the locality. He was born in 1726, and being +brought up as a mathematical instrument-maker, settled in +Knightsbridge about 1754. He became known for his +researches into electricity, <a name="citation161b"></a><a +href="#footnote161b" class="citation">[161b]</a> and published, +in 1793, an octavo volume, entitled “A Summary View of the +Spontaneous Electricity of the Earth and Atmosphere,” an +accurate and judicious work; but it led him into a controversy +with Dr. Peart, a writer on the same subject. He also +studied meteorology, <a name="page162"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 162</span>and a journal on that subject he +contributed to the “Philosophical Transactions.”</p> +<p>Other points of his history are told on the stone to his +memory in St. George’s Ground, Bayswater, where he was +buried. The inscription I subjoin:—</p> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">Sacrum Memoriæ<br +/> +of<br /> +<span class="smcap">Mr. John Read</span>,<br /> +Mathematical Instrument Maker,<br /> +a Native of<br /> +<span class="smcap">Whalley in Lancashire</span>,<br /> +who died at<br /> +<span class="smcap">Knightsbridge</span><br /> +(where he had resided nearly sixty years)<br /> +on the 22nd day of September, 1814,<br /> +in the 88th year of his Age.</p> +<p>Without Patron, or Patrimony, by the honest fruits of +Industry, he laid the foundation of an easy competence. +More indebted to Prudence than Fortune for his acquisitions; but +to Temperance alone for his length of days. A deep +Researcher of the latent causes of Nature’s Phenomena; her +vital Principle, he held in obedience, while he enriched the +science of Electricity with his experiments. Pleased in the +pursuit of Knowledge, and happy in the practice of Virtue; He was +a Philosopher with a benevolent heart, the Father of the +Knightsbridge Charity School; of the Free School of his native +place the Revivor. He lived an Example worthy of imitation, +and died without a groan.</p> +<p>Thus lived John Read, and so his spirit fled<br /> +And here his ashes mingle with the Dead.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Mr. Thomas Goding, founder of the well-known brewing firm, +lived at No. 12.</p> +<p><a name="page163"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 163</span>The +Queen’s Head, an old inn next the Chapel, was pulled down +in 1843. The house was once very curious inside, but had +been considerably altered. On its removal the date 1576 was +found inscribed in the brickwork.</p> +<p>The White Hart was more curious than the Queen’s Head, +and retained its characteristics to the last, when it was removed +for the Albert Gate improvements. Human remains, various +ancient implements, and coins were turned up below its +foundation. A filthy court ran from it along the bank of +the stream. I have seen a memorandum of agreement by which +a house next door to the White Hart was let in 1694 for <i>five +pounds per annum</i>.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Princes Gate</span>.—Two terraces +are so called, very absurdly. <a name="citation163"></a><a +href="#footnote163" class="citation">[163]</a> The real +gate is an entrance to the Park opposite, named after the Prince +of Wales, and opened in October, 1848. It stands on the +highest plot of ground between Hyde Park Corner and Windsor +Castle.</p> +<p>Of the western terrace Mr. Leigh Hunt complains that +“each house is too high for its width,” and says +“they resemble a set of tall <a name="page164"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 164</span>thin gentlemen squeezing together to +look at something over the way.” I cannot agree with +Mr. Hunt’s humour, and consider them a very handsome and +pleasing row. Mr. Elmes, architect of St. George’s +Hall, was designer, I believe, and Mr. Elger the builder; the +eastern row was finished in 1851, the western in 1855. At +No. 23, Vice-Chancellor Parker resided for a short while before +his death. Between the two terraces stands</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Kingston House</span>, built about 1770, a +large and pleasant mansion, and when first erected attracting +notice by the conservatory attached to it. In this +conservatory is a large window, representing a garden scene, +painted by John Martin when a pupil of Charles Muss, the enamel +painter.</p> +<p>Elizabeth Chudleigh was daughter of a Devonshire gentleman, +who died when she was very young; but her mother having interest +with Mr. Pulteney, she was appointed, at the age of eighteen, +maid of honour to the Princess of Wales, mother to George +III. In the aristocratic circle into which she was now +introduced, she soon became a great favourite, and more than one +young scion of nobility cast <a name="page165"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 165</span>a lover’s eye towards +her. The young Duke of Hamilton was, however, the +successful one; and the pledge of affiance passed mutually. +He set forth on his travels, and she retired to the residence of +an aunt, Mrs. Hanmer, where she found one of the most frequent +visitors was the Hon. Mr. Hervey. He seems to have made up +his mind instantly; but aware of her pledge to the duke, he +induced Mrs. Hanmer to intercept their letters. The result +of the scheme was as Hervey expected: no letters arriving, Miss +Chudleigh believed herself slighted; and wrought on by the +persuasions of Mrs. Hanmer, agreed to accept Captain +Hervey. They were married privately, August 4th, 1744, but +separated the day after, she continuing to fill her office as +maid of honour. The dissimulation this compelled her to +practise was probably the main cause of her after misfortunes; it +was only by the knowledge that he would be compelled to maintain +her, that Captain Hervey could be induced not to assert his +claim; and her union being unknown at Court, she was still as +much courted as ever. Home came Hamilton—he had been +faithful to her—and demanded that explanation she was not +able <a name="page166"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +166</span>(unaccountably to him) to give, offered his hand again, +which, of course, she was compelled to refuse. His despair +was excessive; inquiries were made, and the duplicity of Mrs. +Hanmer unveiled.</p> +<p>Unfortunately, instead of allowing time to soothe her sorrows, +she began to drown them in a manner which showed a disregard of +her sex and position. To escape the torrent of torment, she +resolved to travel; but unwilling to go alone, was indiscreet +enough to advertise in the newspapers for a companion. She +succeeded, and off they started; but, as might have been +expected, were soon tired of each other, and separated at +Berlin. Here she was introduced to the great Frederick, who +treated her with great distinction.</p> +<p>Returning home, she plunged into all the dissipation which +then characterised society in the metropolis; but again her +husband crossed her path and seemed determined to claim her, and +finding remonstrance useless, she resorted to the dishonest +stratagem of tearing out the leaf bearing the register of her +marriage. Her husband had now no power to prove their +union, as the clergyman who performed the <a +name="page167"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 167</span>ceremony +was dead. This step she soon regretted; for Captain Hervey, +succeeding to the Earldom of Bristol, by his father’s +death, her vanity made the rank of Countess very acceptable, and +through the clerk she succeeded in replacing in the register-book +the leaf she had abstracted.</p> +<p>Such was her position when the Duke of Kingston offered her +his hand. Of course such was impossible; and accordingly +they lived together for several years, but with such observance +of external decorum, that though a moral, it was not an evidenced +certainty. Her husband, on negotiations being opened, +refused to gratify her with the title of Duchess; but a +separation afterwards suiting his own wishes, he agreed not to +oppose her application for a divorce, and the necessary proofs +being withheld, it was granted. She now attained her +wishes, and was married to the Duke March 8th, 1769.</p> +<p>While the Duke lived, the legality of the marriage was not +questioned; but he died September 24th, 1773, and left her his +whole fortune, on condition she did not marry again—a +restraint she was by no means inclined to abide by. She, +however, set out for Rome, where <a name="page168"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 168</span>Ganganelli gave her apartments in +the palace of one of his cardinals, and otherwise showed her +distinction. Here, however, her gaiety was soon stopped by +news of a disagreeable nature from home.</p> +<p>A Mrs. Cradock had been present as a domestic at her marriage +with Lord Bristol, and, being in reduced circumstances, applied +to the Duchess’s solicitor for relief; he, discrediting her +tale, refused any, on which she went to Mr. Evelyn Pierrepoint, +nephew of the Duke, and informed him of every particular. +He thereupon preferred an indictment for bigamy against the +Duchess, of which being informed, she, after surmounting various +obstacles, landed at Dover, and was immediately bailed before +Lord Mansfield, preparatory to taking her trial.</p> +<p>Before, however, that came on, an unexpected enemy +appeared. Foote, imagining the case to afford capital +material for his wit, wrote a piece, called “The Trip to +Calais,” in which the Duchess was cleverly satirised as +<i>Lady Kitty Crocodile</i>. Foote, whose real object was +to obtain a sum of money to suppress the piece, contrived to let +her know what was astir; and <a name="page169"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 169</span>the Duchess, alarmed for once most +terribly, sent for him. He waited on, and read her a part +of his play. She felt the sting, and rose in great passion, +declaring his delineation scandalous. He denied that the +character was intended for her ladyship, and the play was left +for her perusal. An intimation was made as Foote expected; +but he refusing the offer of £1,600, and declaring he would +not abate one shilling from the £2,000 demanded, he lost +all; for her friends interceding with the Lord Chamberlain, he +sent for, and censured the play. Foote published a letter +of remonstrance, but the Duchess making every preparation for an +action at law, he was completely defeated. A paper-war +ensued, in which Foote had the advantage, greatly to the +amusement, if not edification, of the public.</p> +<p>On April 15th, 1776, her trial commenced in Westminster Hall, +Lord Bathurst sitting as Lord Steward. She was convicted; +but pleading the privilege of the peerage, was discharged with a +caution.</p> +<p>She left England immediately, and passed the rest of her life +abroad. She purchased a <a name="page170"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 170</span>magnificent estate near +Fontainebleau, where she died, August 20th, 1788. <a +name="citation170a"></a><a href="#footnote170a" +class="citation">[170a]</a></p> +<p>After the death of the Duchess of Kingston, her mansion at +Knightsbridge became the residence, successively, of Sir George +Warren, Lord Stair, Lord Listowel, and the Marquis of Wellesley, +brother of the great Duke of Wellington, and himself one of the +foremost statesmen of the time. He resided at Kingston +House some years, living in great retirement, and died in it +September 26th, 1842, in his 83rd year. <a +name="citation170b"></a><a href="#footnote170b" +class="citation">[170b]</a></p> +<p>Kingston House was, after Lord Wellesley’s death, again +the residence of the Earl of Listowel, to whom the freehold +belonged; and it is at present inhabited by his son, the present +earl. <a name="citation170c"></a><a href="#footnote170c" +class="citation">[170c]</a></p> +<p><span class="smcap">Queen’s Buildings</span>, commenced +about 1770, <a name="page171"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +171</span>and was named after Queen Charlotte. That part of +it between Sloane Street and Hooper’s Court was originally +called Queen’s Row, the remainder Queen’s Buildings, +Knightsbridge, and at one time Gloucester Buildings.</p> +<p>First, I will notice Queen’s Row. Here, in 1772, +the celebrated engraver, William Wynne Ryland, resided. +Ryland was born in 1732, and, inclining towards the profession of +an engraver, became a pupil of Simon Revenet, then established in +this country. On quitting him, his godfather, Sir Watkin +Williams Wynne, sent him to Paris, where he studied under Francis +Boucher, and J. P. Le Bas. After four years sojourn he +returned to England, and was appointed engraver to the +King. He was the first person who introduced into this +country the style of engraving in the chalk manner, applying +himself chiefly to the pictures of Angelica Kauffman. This +system he greatly improved, and in it had no equal.</p> +<p>Strutt laments that his “mercantile engagements should +have occupied so valuable a part of his precious time, and +prevented his pursuing the art with that alacrity his genius +required, which seemed formed for great and extensive <a +name="page172"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +172</span>exertions.” He commenced business +originally in Cornhill, but here became bankrupt. He +afterwards came to Knightsbridge, where he resided till the +dreadful act was discovered which consigned him to the +gallows.</p> +<p>On July 26th, 1783, he was tried before Judge Buller, for +forging a bill of exchange for £200. He well-nigh +escaped; the forgery being so beautifully executed that it was +only the evidence of the paper-maker which convicted him. +Great exertions were made to save him, but fruitlessly; and he +was executed at Tyburn, August 29th, 1783. A few months +after, the stream being cleared of some of its mud, in order to +widen the roadway within the Park, a tin box containing some of +the unfortunate man’s plates for counterfeiting banknotes, +was discovered. <a name="citation172"></a><a href="#footnote172" +class="citation">[172]</a></p> +<p>No. 14 (corner of Hooper’s Court) was from 1792 to 1797 +the residence of Mr. J. C. Nattes, an artist of celebrity in his +time. About the year 1800 this house became the residence +of the celebrated Arthur Murphy.</p> +<p>Arthur Murphy was born at Cork in 1727. Early in life he +was sent to St. Omer’s, where <a name="page173"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 173</span>he studied till his eighteenth year, +when he returned to Cork, and passed two years as clerk in a +merchant’s counting-house. At the end of this time he +came to London, and entered a banking-house in a similar +capacity. But literature captivated him, the drama +especially, and it soon absorbed his mind.</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p173b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"The House in which Murphy lived, 14, Queen’s Buildings" +title= +"The House in which Murphy lived, 14, Queen’s Buildings" +src="images/p173s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p>His first publication, the “Gray’s Inn +Journal,” commenced October 21st, 1752, and continued for +nearly two years. But his prospects changing by an +uncle’s death, he, in October, 1754, betook himself to the +stage, appearing at Covent Garden, and performing <i>Othello</i>, +<i>Hamlet</i>, <i>Macbeth</i>, &c. But it was apparent +an actor’s life he could not follow; Churchill severely +lashed him in the “Rosciad,” and Murphy retaliated in +an ode, an effusion as coarse as his opponent’s attack.</p> +<p>To literature he now mainly turned his attention. In +1756 he produced “The Apprentice,” a farce, for +Garrick; in 1758 “The Upholsterer,” and in the +ensuing two years “The Orphan of China,” “The +Desert Island,” and “The Way to Keep Him;” and +in 1761 he published “All in the Wrong,” “The +Citizen,” and “The Old Maid.”</p> +<p><a name="page174"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 174</span>In +the year 1757 he applied for admission to the Middle Temple, but, +on the ground of being an actor, was refused; he, however, +induced Lord Mansfield to interfere on his behalf, and through +this influence he entered Lincoln’s Inn. He was +called to the Bar in 1762, and eventually became leader of the +Norfolk Circuit. Lord Loughborough also gave him a +Commissionership of Bankrupts—an office he held till his +death.</p> +<p>The study of “Coke upon Littleton” was not, +however, sufficiently attractive to wean him from his literary +pursuits, and several plays, all of which were highly popular, +appeared in rapid succession. Among these were his +celebrated “Grecian Daughter” and “Know your +own Mind.” This latter piece, published in 1777, was +written for Mr. Harris, and was the last he brought on the +stage.</p> +<p>Besides these he also published an edition of Fielding’s +works, with a preliminary essay on his life and writings, an +“Essay on the Life and Genius of Dr. Johnson,” a +translation of Tacitus, and various others.</p> +<p>In 1788 he retired to Hammersmith, where he resided till 1800; +he then came to Knightsbridge, and here, with the exception of a +short <a name="page175"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +175</span>time in Brompton Row, he resided till his death. +In this house his “Life of Garrick” was written; he +appears to have been happy and comfortable in it, occupying the +first and second floors, and having a neat and intelligent +landlady, whose interest he secured by procuring her son a +presentation to Christ’s Hospital. He died June 18th, +1805, frequently repeating during the day the couplet of +Pope—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Taught half by reason, half by mere +decay,<br /> +To welcome Death, and calmly pass away.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>It was to Murphy, Johnson owed his introduction to Mr. +Thrale. “I question,” says Madame +D’Arblay, “if Mr. Thrale loved any man so +well.” With Reynolds and Burke, too, he was intimate, +and reviewed the latter’s “Essay on the Sublime and +Beautiful.” At Knightsbridge he became intimate with +Maurice Morgann; but from the singular construction put by the +latter on the characters of Shakespeare’s plays, silence on +these points was bespoke in their interviews. Morgann died +before Murphy, who deeply regretted, Mr. Foote tells us, his +friend’s death. <a name="citation175"></a><a +href="#footnote175" class="citation">[175]</a></p> +<p><a name="page176"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 176</span>At +the corner of Sloane Street, and occupying the site of the first +four houses in it, was the Swan, an ancient and well-known +hostelrie—a place of great trade in former times. The +sign still exists at No. 5, Sloane Street; and that of the +“Clock House” is also the same. Indeed the +latter was only the “tap” to the former, and the +separation of interests has not occurred above forty years. +The old house was pulled down about 1777 or 1778. Otway, in +“The Soldier’s Fortune,” alludes to +it:—</p> +<blockquote><p><i>Sir Davy Dunce</i>.—“I have surely +lost, and ne’er shall find her more. She promised me +strictly to stay at home till I came back again; for aught I +know, she may be up three pair of stairs in the Temple now; or it +may be, taking the air, as far as Knightsbridge, with some +smooth-faced rogue or another; ’tis a damned house that +Swan,—that Swan at Knightsbridge is a confounded +house.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Tom Brown also celebrates the Swan; and Dr. Wolcot (Peter +Pindar) lays the scene of one of his coarse effusions +there:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“At Knightsbridge, at a tavern called the +Swan,<br /> +Churchwardens, overseers, a jolly clan,<br /> +Ordered a dinner for themselves—<br /> +A very handsome dinner of the best, &c.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Beyond Hooper’s Court (so called from its owner) Mr. J. +G. Huck, an artist, lived at No. 11; Ozias Humphry in 1792 and +1793 at <a name="page177"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +177</span>No. 19 (Mitchell’s). At 21, Thomas Trotter, +an ingenious engraver and draughtsman, especially in +portraits. He died February 14th, 1803, and was buried in +the Broadway ground, Westminster.</p> +<p>At No. 7 resided Michael Underwood, M.D., one of the most +distinguished members of the medical profession then +living. He wrote several professional works, which, +notwithstanding the advance of the science, yet maintain their +reputation. He attended Caroline of Brunswick at the birth +of the Princess Charlotte. Was a very benevolent man and +the gratuitous adviser to the poor of the whole +neighbourhood. He died here March 14th, 1820.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Rutland House</span>, a large red-brick +mansion, occupied the site of the present Rutland Gate. +John, Duke of Rutland, who bore the sceptre at the coronation of +George III., and once filled the office of Lord Lieutenant of +Ireland, died here May 29th, 1779, aged 88. The celebrated +Marquis of Granby, his son, also resided here. <a +name="citation177"></a><a href="#footnote177" +class="citation">[177]</a> <a name="page178"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 178</span>The whole estate, consisting of +above six acres, was offered for sale by Mr. Robins in 1833, but +was bought in, and in a year or two after the house was pulled +down, and the land let for building. It belongs to Furzon +Manners, Esq., now, a descendant of the Viceroy.</p> +<p>Rutland Gate was commenced in 1838, and completed as far as +Clytha House in 1840. The remainder has been built since, +the whole being completed in 1856.</p> +<p>The large detached house on the western side (24) was built by +John Sheepshanks, Esq., the distinguished patron of British Art, +who here gathered together that choice and valuable collection +which he has so nobly presented to the nation. The +collection was removed early in 1857.</p> +<p>Clytha House, the residence of Lord Edward Howard, was built +for Mr. Jones, of Clytha, who here gathered a collection, chiefly +of the early Italian schools, which was sold May 8th, 1852.</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p178b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"The Half-way House" +title= +"The Half-way House" +src="images/p178s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p><a name="page179"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 179</span>Poor +Eliot Warburton dated the second edition of his “Crescent +and the Cross” from Rutland Gate; at 21 resides Mr. Edward +Corbould, one of our finest delineators of female beauty; No. 22 +was the residence of the Marchioness Wellesley, widow of the +eminent statesman; Mr. Albert Way, the antiquary, Mr. Cotton and +Mr. Prescott, both governors of the Bank of England, also number +among the residents of Rutland Gate. Nearly opposite the +western end of Rutland Gate, built in the roadway, stood an old +inn, of very bad character at one time, called the “Halfway +House.” An unusual array of stabling, troughs, +pig-styes, &c., in a very unsightly manner, were built along +the causeway; and over the door were several proofs of the faith +in the old superstition that horse-shoes were a preventive to the +visits of evil spirits. In one sense the charm was not +efficacious, the house, from its lonely situation, being a resort +for the highwayman and footpad. A curious notice of a trial +is given in “Knight’s London,” where the +thief-taker stated that if not met about this spot, they should +not have caught the robber at all: a proof of their frequency, +indeed! Jerry Abershaw <a name="page180"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 180</span>is said to have been a visitor here, +and when the house was pulled down a secret staircase from a +small chamber in the western part of the house was found built in +the wall, to lead gradually down into the stables. Many a +villain, doubtless, thus escaped when the officers of justice +were close upon him.</p> +<p>The “Halfway House” was pulled down in 1846 at an +expense of £3,050, in addition to the purchase of the fee. +<a name="citation180"></a><a href="#footnote180" +class="citation">[180]</a></p> +<p><span class="smcap">St. George’s +Hospital</span>.—A number of gentlemen of the medical +profession, dissenting from the system of management carried on +at Westminster Hospital, broke off their connection with it, and +engaged Lanesborough House for a new institution, conducted under +their own auspices.</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p180b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"Lanesborough House, afterwards St. George’s Hospital" +title= +"Lanesborough House, afterwards St. George’s Hospital" +src="images/p180s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p>Lanesborough House is described by Pennant as the <i>country +house</i> of the eccentric nobleman immortalised by +Pope:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Old politicians chew on wisdom past,<br /> +And totter on in business to the last,<br /> +As weak, as earnest, and as gravely out,<br /> +As sober Lanesbro’ dancing with the gout.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>He caused the following quaint distich to be <a +name="page181"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 181</span>inscribed +on the house front in reference to its situation:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“It is my delight to be<br /> +Both in town and country.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>The allusion of Pope to the dancing propensities of this +nobleman is curiously borne out by the fact, that when Prince +George of Denmark died he sought an interview with the widowed +Queen, and advised her to dispel her grief by following his +favourite amusement. Not till disabled entirely by the gout +did he give up this relaxation. The “Golden +Gallery” around the dome of St. Paul’s was gilded at +his expense.</p> +<p>Lanesborough House was of red brick, three storeys high, with +one small doorway, approached by three or four steps to the +centre; the new authorities added two wings, also of red brick, +and on January 1st, 1734, the institution was opened, having been +established on October 19th, 1733.</p> +<p>One of those who took a leading part in this foundation was +John Allen, apothecary to the household of George I., George II., +and George III. successively. He remained a governor till +his death, on March 17th, 1774. <a name="page182"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 182</span>Another staunch supporter was the +celebrated anatomist, Cheselden, the friend of Pope and other +literary men. Some of his greatest operations were +performed here. He was also surgeon to Chelsea Hospital, +and in its graveyard lies buried.</p> +<p>The hospital gradually increased in wealth and usefulness, +till in 1784 the governors issued advertisements asking for +increased aid to prevent its decay. This arose from the +fact that a large legacy left by a Mrs. Crayle caused an idea to +be spread abroad that further aid of this kind was hardly +wanted. Its legacies had been a main source of income; they +now fell off, and the Crayle bequest being reversionary, the +income rapidly fell, and at Christmas, 1783, the institution was +above £1,900 in debt; but a third of the profits of the +Handel Festival held in Westminster Abbey in 1784 enabled the +governors to overcome their difficulties.</p> +<p>The celebrated John Hunter was one of the eminent men who have +been connected with St. George’s Hospital. He was +appointed surgeon in 1768, and always took an active part in its +management. Here on October 16th, <a +name="page183"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 183</span>1793, his +life was suddenly terminated. He had long disputed a matter +of right with his colleagues, and in an altercation he was flatly +contradicted, when a trifling address might have turned aside the +quarrel. He rushed into an adjoining room and there fell +into the arms of Dr. Robertson, one of the physicians, and his +life was gone in an instant.</p> +<p>The increasing prosperity and demand on the Hospital proved at +last that the old building did not afford the necessary +accommodation, and accordingly its destruction was resolved +on. This was effected in 1827, and the present building +erected from designs by Wilkins. The old front was towards +Hyde Park; the new one faces the Green Park, and is rendered +imposing by its bold and massive tetrastyle portico, supported by +square columns. Besides its numerous wards, here are a +chapel, museum, lecture-room, and private apartments. The +museum, so valuable to the surgeon, is not adapted for the +public, unless to point a moral to the vicious and unwary. +The mere curiosities are interesting; among them is the +half-sovereign taken from Mr. Brunel’s windpipe, by Sir +Benjamin Brodie, presented by its proprietor; <a +name="page184"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 184</span>the hide of +the cow from which Jenner took the first vaccine matter; a packet +of needles, which came simultaneously from the frame of a young +lady, money and knives from patients’ stomachs, and other +similar relics.</p> +<p>One regular fund is yet wanting to render the institution +complete. Many a fellow-creature, who is entirely +destitute, enters here, and, when recovered, re-enters the world, +without a roof to shelter his weakened frame, or the wherewithal +to obtain the common necessaries of life. Of late this has +been to a certain extent remedied. A porcelain slab has +been let into the wall (a corner-stone of faith it has been +called) bearing the simple inscription—“In aid of +those patients who leave this Hospital homeless and in +need.” Ought such an appeal to rest solely on the +charity of the busy multitudes passing by? To announce such +a fund would, I believe, ensure its success.</p> +<p>In the burial-ground of St. George’s parish at +Bayswater, is a headstone inscribed—</p> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">“Sacred to the +Memory of the Rev. James Clarke,<br /> +who died June 9th, 1811, aged 85 years.<br /> +During fifty-one of which he discharged the duties of Chaplain<br +/> +to St. George’s Hospital, with credit to himself, and +benefit to<br /> +the Institution.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p><a name="page185"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 185</span>St. +George’s Hospital formed a theme for one of Miss +Landon’s poems.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">St. George’s Place</span>, till of +late years, consisted of old-fashioned houses, about two storeys +high. About 1827 the first improvement was made by the +opening of Wilton Place, and gradually these old houses have been +pulled down to make room for superior ones. Towards the +upper end, these houses were detached. In one of them lived +a Captain Warner, one of the heroes of Quebec. About 1829, +Liston lived at No. 7, and at No. 12 for many years resided Mr. +Richards, a well-known London auctioneer, who died here in +1810.</p> +<p>At No. 14 resided for many years the mother of Mr. Justice +Burton, to whom belonged the freehold of this strip of +land. She died here in 1799. Her son, Mr. Justice +Burton, resided for many years in the house at the west corner of +the entrance to the Barrack. Bred to the law, he became +Recorder of Oxford and a King’s Counsel, and in July, 1778, +was appointed one of the judges of Wales and Chester. He +represented Woodstock and Oxford in several Parliaments, +supporting the ministry of William Pitt, and at last became <a +name="page186"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 186</span>Father of +the Benchers of Lincoln’s Inn. He died in Brook +Street, December, 1832, aged 89. The freehold mentioned was +originally vested in the Laremar family. The first one of +whom anything is known, was one William Laremar, captain of the +Loyal Rebecca, a ship trading to Virginia in 1676, a time when +the colony was disturbed by the rebellion of Nathaniel Bacon; the +use of the vessel was given to the governor, Sir William +Berkeley, by whom Laremar was appointed Commodore in St. James +River, and was “maynly instrumental in the suppression of +that rebellion and mutiny,” for which good service he +received compensation from the Admiralty, the secretary of which +was then Samuel Pepys. From the Laremars the property +passed to the Burtons, from them to the Coles, and it is now +enjoyed by Owen Blayney Cole, Esq. Liston also resided at +14 many years; and the next house was once tenanted by the +Tathams, one of whom married Adam Adolphus, brother of the +celebrated counsellor.</p> +<p>In No. 3 of the present houses lived General Campbell, an old +Peninsular veteran. He died in June, 1852. No. 10 is +the residence of Mr. <a name="page187"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 187</span>Coningham, M.P. for Brighton, and +11, of James Goding, Esq.</p> +<p>The “White Horse Inn” was formerly established on +the site of No. 11.; afterwards it was removed to the corner of +the entrance of the Foot Barracks, but was pulled down in +September, 1856, with three houses, one of which was +Liston’s. Nos. 15 to 20 were built in +1849–50.</p> +<p>From the corner of Wilton Place the row extends ten houses +further. No. 28 was Mr. Blore’s, the +statuary’s. A house which stood at the corner, and +narrowed the entrance to Wilton Place very considerably, was +removed about 1841. For many years a Mrs. Dowell carried on +the business of tobacconist here. She was an eccentric old +damsel, and so exceedingly partial to the late Duke of +Wellington, that she was continually inventing some new plan +whereby to express her regard. She sent him occasionally +patties, cakes, and other similar <i>delicacies</i>, and as it +was useless to attempt to defeat the old woman’s +pertinacity, everything was taken in. To such a pitch did +she carry this mania, that I have heard she regularly laid for +him at her table, constantly expecting <a +name="page188"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 188</span>he would +call in. With her lodged William Pickett, who lived in +Knightsbridge the greater part of his life. A gravestone in +St. George’s ground tells his short history:—</p> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">“Sacred to the +memory of Mr. William Pickett, artist,<br /> +who died at Knightsbridge, on the 23rd day of May, 1821,<br /> +aged 45 years.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>I must not leave St. George’s Place without a notice of +John Liston. He was born in 1776; and his father, who lived +in Norris Street, giving him a superior education, he, in 1795, +became second master at Archbishop Tennison’s school near +Leicester Square; but thus early the stage appears to have +fascinated him, for he quitted his situation for acting plays +with the elder boys. He then went into a mercantile house +in the City.</p> +<p>When Liston first appeared on the stage is not accurately +known; but the following note from a celebrated manager of the +time appears to prove that to him, at least, he was well +known. It is as follows,—<i>verbatim</i>:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“<span class="smcap">Sir</span>,</p> +<p>“Your not favoring Me with an answ<sup>r</sup> Relative +to the I-dea of the Cast, I at Random (tho’ very ill) +Scratch’t Out, <a name="page189"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 189</span>Makes it Necessary for Me to have +Your Opinion, in Order to Prevent Aney Mistake. I am,</p> +<p style="text-align: right">“Sir,<br /> +“With every Good Wish,<br /> +“Yours, &c.,<br /> +“<span class="smcap">Tate Wilkinson</span>.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>He now followed the stage as a profession, and obtained +engagements at various provincial establishments; among others, +at Newcastle-on-Tyne, under Stephen Kemble. The first comic +part he performed was the very subordinate one of <i>Diggory</i>, +and even in this little part contrived to throw that irresistible +originality of humour for which he afterwards became so +celebrated. I have seen the copy the actor learnt from, +with his erasures, interlineations, &c.</p> +<p>His first acknowledged appearance on a London stage was at the +Haymarket, on June 10th, 1805, as <i>Sheepface</i>, in “The +Village Lawyer.” On the same evening Miss Tyrer made +her re-appearance after a lapse of three years. She was +soon after to become his wife, and they were married on Sunday, +March 22nd, 1807, at St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields. +Their mutual friend, Charles Taylor, the celebrated +<i>Noodle</i>, in “Tom Thumb,” gave the wedding <a +name="page190"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +190</span>breakfast. The union proved a happy one; one son +and daughter were its issue. The former entered the army; +the latter married Rodwell, the composer.</p> +<p>It is impossible, in this sketch of Liston’s life, to +notice all his various performances and successes. His +leading triumphs can alone be glanced at. In January, 1823, +he commenced a £50 per week engagement at Drury Lane, as +<i>Tony Lumpkin</i>; and in May, 1824, George IV. commanded the +“Hypocrite,” and heartily encored +<i>Mawworm’s</i> mock sermon. It was a favourite part +of Liston’s, and his performance of it inimitable. I +have seen a letter from a distinguished living actor, who had +played the part, he says, “greatly against the grain, well +recollecting Mr. Liston’s unapproachable excellence in +it.”</p> +<p>In the ensuing year he reached the pinnacle of his fame by his +impersonation of <i>Paul Pry</i>. The popularity of the +piece was immense, and chiefly through the unequalled ease and +skill with which he acted his part. His well-known +countenance was to be met with in every conceivable form, in +plaster and clay, in china and butter, in the centre of pocket +handkerchiefs, <a name="page191"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +191</span>tobacconists’ “screw” papers, and in +a variety of other ways, his unbounded success with the public +was attested.</p> +<p>In 1831 he joined Madame Vestris, and performed with +increasing popularity until the end of the season 1837. He +never took a farewell formally of the stage; and the last time he +ever performed was for the benefit of James Vining, in +Planché’s “Peculiar Position;” and as +<i>Monsieur Champignon</i> he ended his professional +career. It was, I believe, known to his friends that this +would be his last appearance, and the following address was +written by Rodwell on this occasion. It has never, I +believe, been published:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Liston, farewell! for once the Comic +Muse<br /> +Looks vex’d and dismal, griev’d with thee to part;<br +/> +And heaves true sighs from her reluctant heart,<br /> +While virgin tears her clouded eyes suffuse,<br /> +By sorrows forc’d, despite of struggling art.<br /> +Her mask avails not now. Her faltering voice<br /> +Betrays the o’er-mastering passion in her soul;<br /> +For she must lose the servant of her choice,<br /> +Who made her chariot merrily to roll,<br /> +When he the Coachman played; and not less great<br /> +As the mock Marquis help’d her mimic state<br /> +Absurdly grave; or at his tricks again<br /> +As gay-hair’d Figaro swell’d her menial train,<br /> +Pompous and plausible, serene and sly,<br /> +With witty impudence, and humour dry.<br /> +<a name="page192"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 192</span>Expert +at all trades, too, with <i>last</i> or <i>block</i><br /> +Alike to <i>comb</i> or <i>cobble</i> wig or sock;<br /> +This he exactly fitted to her toe,<br /> +In walk, or jig, or gallopade to go;<br /> +And that so quaintly, whimsically curl’d,<br /> +It grew the merry wonder of the world.<br /> +Ney, just to keep the top or sole together,<br /> +He’d patch the Sock ev’n with the Buskin’s +leather,<br /> +That she might follow in her sister’s path<br /> +With pewter poison-pot, and dirk of lath;<br /> +While he stalk’d on in Dollabella’s train,<br /> +A lord, of whom the Court might well be vain.<br /> + Our tears, O Liston! must with hers be blended<br /> +To see, too soon, thy comic labours ended.<br /> +And haply, oft when other servants bear<br /> +Some mawkish viand of our bill of fare,<br /> +Oft shall we turn dissatisfied, and wish<br /> +For Liston’s sauce, to help th’ insipid dish;<br /> +Whose very look and air were quite enough<br /> +To win our favour for the cook’s worst stuff.<br /> +Or, if the dish be good, provoked to see<br /> +Some clumsy serving-man instead of thee.<br /> +How shall we think, regretful of thy merit,<br /> +Who served up all with such bewitching spirit,<br /> +As made the best seem better, and the cook<br /> +To thee beholden, more than to his book,<br /> +However puff’d by papers, or by rumour:—<br /> +Thou great Original in comic humour!”</p> +<p>31st May, 1837.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Nor was this the only tribute Liston received; numerous were +the attempts made to induce him to alter his decision, but he was +inflexible, and it remained irrevocable. One of several +letters I have seen I include here, notwithstanding <a +name="page193"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 193</span>its writer +is living; but he cannot regret to see a letter given to the +world showing such ability and excellent feeling. It is as +follows:—</p> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: right">T. R. C. G., Dec. 18, +1839.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">My Dear Mr. Liston</span>,—My mother +has told me of one or two half-laughing conversations she has had +with you, on the subject of your delighting the public with a few +performances. Jest sometimes leads to earnest, and, on the +principle of never throwing away a good chance, I venture to send +you this to say, that should such a joyful occurrence be within +the verge of possibility at any time, you may consider yourself +King of Covent Garden; act when you please, what you please, and +as long as you please; stop when you please, take what money you +please, and be sure that, do whatever you please, you cannot fail +to please. More than this I cannot say, except that you +shall be allowed to sweeten your own tea, and, when you are too +late for rehearsal, beat the prompter. In plain English, +and in sober earnest, if you will make up your mind to gratify us +by playing a few of your old parts, everything that mortals can +do to make you comfortable <a name="page194"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 194</span>and happy shall be done, and we +shall be most proud in being the caterers of a national +treat.</p> +<p>I will not bore you more—only say the word, and we are +“at your feet.”</p> +<p>Ever yours, with kind regards to Mrs. Liston, very truly and +very faithfully,</p> +<p style="text-align: right">C. J. <span +class="smcap">Mathews</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Liston wrote a copy of his answer on the fly-leaf of this +letter as follows:—</p> +<blockquote><p><span class="smcap">My Dear Mr. +Mathews</span>,—Notwithstanding the skill you exhibit in +endeavouring to arouse my dormant vanity, be assured, once for +all, it cannot prevail to overcome the unalterable determination +I came to when I quitted the stage, never to reappear +professionally before the public. Not only should I +consider my reassuming the cap and bells, at my advanced age, a +moral indecorum; my decaying strength also would render the +experiment too hazardous, and I have no doubt were Mr. Wakley the +coroner to have to preside at an inquest on my remains, he +would—as he did the other day, in the case of a poor old +woman who drank herself to death—suggest to the jury the +propriety of returning a verdict of <i>Felo-de-se</i>.</p> +<p><a name="page195"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +195</span>Accept, however, my very grateful thanks for your +liberal proposal, as well as for the terms in which the offer has +been conveyed; they bring back a pleasing remembrance of the +position we stood in to each other a few years back, to which, +though for a time interrupted, I trust we are once again happily +restored.</p> +<p>Mrs. Liston joins me in sincere hopes for the continual +prosperity of you and yours, and believe me (once again my +<i>dear</i> Charles),</p> +<p style="text-align: right">Your friend and well wisher,<br /> +J. <span class="smcap">Liston</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>This correspondence, so interesting and so creditable to both +parties, shows Liston to have had a kind heart and joyous +disposition, and that such can exist with the highest notions of +moral responsibility. Liston’s private life was +retired and becoming, the love of literature, acquired early, +never left him; few persons were greater students than he, and +his knowledge of the Scriptures is said to have been very +extensive.</p> +<p>The illness which terminated his life first attacked him four +years previously, in the form of apoplexy. The last attack +came on suddenly, on March 16th, 1846, and he never <a +name="page196"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 196</span>spoke +again. He lingered till the ensuing Sunday, when he died in +the arms of his wife. That same day, and almost that same +hour (half-past ten), thirty-nine years previously, and <i>on a +Sunday too</i>, she had sworn “to love and to cherish till +death should them part,” and thus literally she fulfilled +her vow.</p> +<p>He lies at Kensal Green; over his grave rises a column, +bearing the following inscription:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Sacred to the Memory of John Liston, who +died March 22nd, 1846, aged 73. He lived many years an +ornament to his profession, and died much respected and +regretted.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Mrs. Liston survived her husband eight years. Born about +1780, she became a pupil of Kelly, and made her first London +appearance in 1800. She was always a favourite with the +public, the very appropriate part of <i>Queen Dolabella</i>, in +“Tom Thumb,” being generally considered her +best. She died at No. 28, Brompton Square, whither she +removed from Knightsbridge, September 19th, 1854.</p> +<p>Behind St. George’s Place was formerly a foot-barrack, +established about 1758. It continued to be used as a depot +until 1835 or 1836, when Government sold the remainder of their +<a name="page197"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +197</span>lease. On part of the drill ground St. +Paul’s Church is built, and the barracks are let out as +tenements. Over a portion of its parade-ground Mr. Dunn +built the St. George’s Gallery, for his “Chinese +Collection;” the “Exhibition of Modern Art” was +also, with other attractions, located here; among them Mr. Gordon +Cumming, with the relics of his African exploits. The lease +of this property is just expiring, and various improvements are +contemplated.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Tattersall’s</span>.—Richard +Tattersall, founder of this well-known establishment, was born in +1723. He became training-groom to the last Duke of +Kingston, after whose death, I presume, he started on his own +account at Hyde Park Corner, as I find he sold off the +Duke’s stud, and an injunction was applied for, December +14th, 1774, to prevent payment of the money to the Duchess, then +under indictment. In 1775 frequent advertisements of +Tattersall’s show that his business rapidly progressed, and +his establishment soon became the head-quarters of the sporting +world. That it early gained an aristocratic fame is proved +by <a name="page198"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 198</span>the +allusion in “The Belle’s Stratagem,” first +performed in 1782:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“<i>Flutter</i>: Oh, yes! I stopped at +Tattersall’s as I came by, and there I found Lord James +Jessamy, Sir William Wilding, and Mr. —. But, now I +think of it, you sha’nt know a syllable of the matter; for +I have been informed you never believe above one-half of what I +say.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Richard Tattersall died February 20th, 1795, aged 72. +Two portraits of him are still in his descendants’ +possession; from one of them a portrait in “Knight’s +London” is engraved. <a name="citation198"></a><a +href="#footnote198" class="citation">[198]</a> He was +succeeded in his business by his only son, Edmund, who carried it +on until his death, January 23rd, 1810. His son, Edmund, +who founded the foreign trade, then succeeded; who dying December +11th, 1851, the business came to its present proprietors.</p> +<p>The entrance to Tattersall’s is from Grosvenor Place, +down a deep descent under an unpretending archway. At the +bottom is a tavern, bearing the appropriate sign of “The +Turf,” opposite to which is a gateway, leading into a +circular-shaped inclosure, on the skirt of which <a +name="page199"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 199</span>is a gravel +path encircling a grass-plot, from the centre of which rises a +solitary tree; here the horses are tried and examined. The +subscription room—a well proportioned one—was +designed by Mr. George Tattersall, author of “Sporting +Architecture.” Over the mantelpiece of the +counting-house hang the regulations, dated 1780. In the +courtyard is a domed structure surmounted by a bust of George IV. +in his eighteenth year, at which period of life he was a frequent +visitor. Beneath this dome is a pump, surmounted by the +figure of a fox. A writer in the “Sporting +Magazine” (June, 1852) stated that +“Tattersall’s annual average of horses brought to the +hammer, is estimated at £45,000,” and that he +believed “there were 97 stalls, and 13 loose boxes, or +standing for 110.” The chief business days are +Mondays and Thursdays.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Trevor Square</span>, so named from Sir +John Trevor, who had a house on its site, was built about +1818. The freehold is still that of his descendant, Lord +Duncannon; hence the names to be met with here are derived, such +as Hill Street, Arthur Street, Duncannon Cottage, &c.</p> +<p>At No. 1 in the square lived the notorious <a +name="page200"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 200</span>Harriette +Wilson; and Mrs. Andrée, a descendant of the Umfreville, +whom William the Conqueror styled his kinsman, died here in +1836.</p> +<p>Trevor Chapel, one of the largest places of worship in the +metropolis, belonging to the Independents, was built about 1817, +under the ministry of the Rev. John Morrison, D.D. He is +still its nominal minister, but his great age and infirmities +preclude any active duty. The officiating pastor is the +Rev. John Statham. Dr. Morrison is beloved not only by his +congregation, but by the whole community of London +Dissenters. He is known also as the author of several +theological works, the best of which is a “Commentary on +the Psalms.”</p> +<p>In the last century a portion of the land about this part was +rented by a French Protestant refugee family, named Moreau, of +which General Moreau was a member. They returned to France +about eighty years since. <a name="citation200"></a><a +href="#footnote200" class="citation">[200]</a></p> +<p>All this land one hundred and fifty years ago was the property +of Sir John Trevor, many years Master of the Rolls. He was +second son <a name="page201"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +201</span>of John Trevor, of Bynkinsalt, Denbighshire, Esq., by +an aunt of the infamous Chancellor Jeffreys, and was born about +1638. After a very lowly education, he was taken by a +relative, Arthur Trevor, a barrister, as his clerk. Here he +assiduously applied himself to the study of the law, and +afterwards entered the Inner Temple, and was called to the +bar. His advancement was very rapid, for, entering the +House of Commons, he upheld the Royal Prerogative to an extreme, +denying the right of Parliament to inquire into its +exercise. He took a prominent part in the unjust +prosecution of the unfortunate Lord Strafford, and strenuously +defended Jeffreys when he obstructed the right of petitioning in +the great controversy between the <i>Petitioners</i> and +<i>Abhorrers</i>.</p> +<p>When James II. called his only Parliament in May, 1685, +Trevor, who sat for Denbigh, was, through the Government +influence, elected Speaker. <a name="citation201"></a><a +href="#footnote201" class="citation">[201]</a> The new +Parliament, however, did not suit James, and at the commencement +of a second session was dissolved. Trevor’s +obsequiousness was rewarded with the Mastership of the Rolls, an +office to which he was appointed <a name="page202"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 202</span>October 20th, 1685. It is said +he aimed now at the Chancellorship, and, with that object, +endeavoured to injure Jeffreys by aiding the outcry against him +on the occasion of the shameless case of Alderman Cornish.</p> +<p>In July, 1688, Trevor was sworn of the Privy Council; but +William of Orange soon after landing, with characteristic +meanness he held aloof, but when James returned after his first +flight, imagining a reaction was come, declared in his favour; +his hopes proved transitory, and he therefore joined the High +Tories, who wished to make William Regent only. He, +however, was declared King, and Trevor was removed from the +Rolls.</p> +<p>In 1690 a new Parliament was called, and Trevor joined the +more moderate of the two sections into which his party was +divided; and having offered to support the new King, and also +bring over partisans from the opposite camp, if restored to the +Speaker’s chair, his proposal was agreed to; and so well +did he perform his part, that William in a few weeks appointed +him First Commissioner of the Great Seal, he still retaining the +Speakership, and in less than two years, his successor at the +Rolls <a name="page203"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +203</span>dying, he was restored to that position also. But +great inconvenience resulted, and on May 2nd, 1693, the Great +Seal was given to Somers.</p> +<p>In 1694 a great agitation was manifested in the House of +Commons, in the belief that the Court, and even the House itself, +was tainted with bribery. A committee was appointed, and on +the 12th March, 1695, Mr. Foley, the chairman, read its report, +which implicated Trevor; and a debate arising, a resolution was +proposed “That Sir John Trevor, Speaker of this House, +receiving a gratuity of 1,000 guineas from the City of London, +after passing of the Orphans’ Bill, is guilty of a high +crime and misdemeanour.” This motion Trevor had the +mortification to put from the chair, and the unparalleled +humiliation of declaring it unanimously carried. The House +immediately adjourned, and two days after he resigned the chair, +and on the 16th a motion for his expulsion from the House was +carried, and a new writ issued for the borough he represented. <a +name="citation203"></a><a href="#footnote203" +class="citation">[203]</a> He was, strangely enough, +permitted to retain <a name="page204"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 204</span>his Mastership of the Rolls, and no +further proceedings were taken against him. The rest of his +life he wisely spent in his judicial office, never again +withdrawing from it for politics. He died at his house in +Chancery Lane, May 20th, 1717, and was buried in the Rolls +Chapel.</p> +<p>Trevor’s character, on the whole, is but a poor one; a +selfish ambition appears to have made him consider the end, and +not the means, the chief object of his care.</p> +<p>His circumstances, doubtless, compelled him to practise a +rigid economy, which, as he advanced in years and position, grew +into meanness. But it would be unjust not to mention the +redeeming points in his career. Lord Campbell states that +“he was not only an upright but an enlightened judge, and +he pronounced many decrees which to this day are considered of +high authority.” No charge of bribery or favouritism +was ever brought against him in the fulfilment of his judicial +duties. “He had a villa at Knightsbridge,” says +Lord Campbell, “then almost a day’s journey from +London, and he has been absurdly censured for occasionally +hearing cases at his private <a name="page205"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 205</span>residence, a practice all equity +judges sometimes must necessarily follow.” And +notwithstanding his niggardly disposition he founded six +almshouses in St. Martin’s parish, Shropshire, and provided +also several other charities. He left issue an only +daughter, Anne, who married Michael Hill, of Hillsborough, +Esquire, who had two sons—Trevor, who became heir to the +Hills, and was ancestor of the Marquis of Downshire, and Arthur, +who inherited this property, assumed the name of Trevor, and was, +April 27th, 1765, raised to the peerage as Viscount Duncannon; +and from him the present freeholder is descended.</p> +<p>William Street was built about 1830. At No. 11 resided +for many years Lady Morgan, whose works occupy too distinguished +a place in our literature to need mention here. Mrs. +Gascoigne, in her poem, “Belgravia,” after sketching +the portrait of Mr. Higgins, as before given, describes Lady +Morgan as follows:</p> +<blockquote><p>“Nor his the only pen Belgravia’s +bounds<br /> +Can boast, whose glory far and wide resounds!<br /> +Endowed with manly powers, a woman’s quill<br /> +Can treat and master every theme at will;<br /> +And in her wisdom’s energetic scope,<br /> +Put down a <i>Wiseman</i>, and unchair a <i>Pope</i>.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p><a name="page206"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 206</span>The +last line alludes to the controversy so cleverly sustained by her +ladyship, as to the genuineness of St. Peter’s +Chair—a paper war, forming a capital chapter for a future +Disraeli, and the only amusing episode connected with the Papal +Aggression of 1851.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Wilton Crescent</span> was commenced in +1826 by Mr. Seth Smith. At No. 24 for many years lived Mr. +Hallam, the celebrated historian. Here the great +<i>literati</i> of our times were wont to meet, for Mr. +Hallam’s assemblies were of the most celebrated and +intellectual. At No. 16 the late Lord Dudley Stuart once +resided; it is now the residence of Mr. Richardson. No. 20 +is the town-house of the Earl of Winchelsea, the +“Protestant Earl;” 39 was the residence of the Rev. +W. Bennett; and 30 of Lord John Russell, before his removal to +Chesham Place. Mr. Baron Watson resides at 38; and Mr. +Milner Gibson at No. 50. Lord Chewton, who so gallantly +fell in leading his men at the Battle of Alma, lived at 37.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Wilton Place</span>, occupying the site of +a cow-yard, into which there was a narrow entrance from the main +road, was built in 1827. At No. 15 Sir James Macdonald, the +gallant defender <a name="page207"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +207</span>of Hougoumont, lived, and died there in May, 1857; also +the Hon. Thomas Stapleton, an antiquary, at 13; Mr. Westmacott at +21. The Chisholm used to occupy 35; and Miss Reynolds, the +actress, still resides at No. 4.</p> +<p>With Wilton Place these notices of Knightsbridge (proper) +close; mention of those eminent persons whose <i>locale</i> +cannot be traced will, I think, appropriately finish this +chapter.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Richard Bensley</span>, the celebrated +actor of the last century, resided the latter part of his life at +Knightsbridge. Appearing for the first time, in 1765, as +<i>Pierre</i> in “Venice Preserved,” he maintained a +good reputation as an actor for a lengthened period, not quitting +the stage till May 6th, 1796. He had the honour to deliver +Johnson’s prologue to Goldsmith’s “Good-Natured +Man;” and as <i>Pierre</i>, <i>Iago</i>, and +<i>Hotspur</i>, his fame stood high among his +contemporaries. He was appointed barrack-master at +Knightsbridge (he had in early life been in the army), which +appointment he held till his death in 1817.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Thomas Harrison</span>, a poet, a friend +of Addison and Swift—“my own creature,” the +latter calls him—who brought over the celebrated <a +name="page208"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 208</span>Treaty of +Utrecht, died at Knightsbridge, on February 14th, 1713. He +was a <i>protégé</i> of Swift, who describes him, +in 1710, as “a young fellow we are all fond of; a little +pretty fellow, with a great deal of wit, good sense, and good +nature.” He was then tutor to a son of the Duke of +Queensbury on <i>forty pounds a year</i>; Swift introduced him to +the Ministry, and he was sent out as Secretary to the Embassy to +arrange the Peace of Utrecht, St. John presenting him with fifty +guineas to bear his expenses. Less than two years had +elapsed on February 11th, 1713, when Swift, returning from a +dinner, found a letter on his table from Harrison, telling him he +was ill, and desired to see him. He went in the morning, +found him suffering from fever and inflammation, harassed and +penniless; got thirty guineas for him from Bolingbroke, and a +Treasury order for £100 of his arrears of salary. He +then removed him to Knightsbridge for change of air. On +February 14th, Swift writes,—“I took Parnell (the +poet) this morning, and we walked to see poor Harrison. I +had the £100 in my pocket. I told Parnell I was +afraid to knock at the door. My mind misgave me. I +knocked, <a name="page209"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +209</span>and his man, in tears, told me his master was dead an +hour before.” Swift seems to have loved Harrison, and +felt his loss acutely. “Think,” he says, +“what grief this is to me! I went to his mother, and +have been ordering things for his funeral with as little cost as +possible, to-morrow at ten at night. Lord Treasurer was +much concerned when I told him; I would not dine with Lord +Treasurer, or any one else. No loss ever grieved me so +much.” And the next day he records, “At ten at +night I was at his funeral, which I ordered to be as private as +possible. We had but one coach with four of us; and when it +was carrying us home, after the funeral, the braces broke, and we +were forced to sit in it, and have it held up, till my man went +for chairs, at eleven at night, in terrible rain.” <a +name="citation209"></a><a href="#footnote209" +class="citation">[209]</a></p> +<p>Tickell, in one of his poems, mentions Harrison as—</p> +<blockquote><p>“That much loved youth, whom Utrecht’s +walls confine;”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>and indeed, though little is known of him, he seems to have +been a favourite with his contemporaries.</p> +<p><a name="page210"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 210</span><span +class="smcap">Bernard Lens</span>, miniature painter to George +II., retiring from his profession, settled at Knightsbridge, +where he died, December 30th, 1740. According to Vertue, he +was buried at Kensington, but his name does not appear on the +register. He was tutor to the celebrated Duke of +Cumberland, and excelled as a copyist of Rubens and Vandyke, +whose colouring he imitated admirably.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Robert Miller</span>, a loyalist in the +American War of Independence. He held two official +situations in Virginia, which he lost in the revolution. He +died at Knightsbridge, February, 17th, 1792.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Francis Xavier D’Oliveyra</span>, a +Portuguese chevalier, born in 1702, and filled the office of +Secretary to the Embassy at Vienna. He was persecuted by +the Inquisition on account of the publication of his travels, and +accordingly came to England, where he abjured the Romish +creed. Thus sacrificing fortune to the dictates of +conscience, he first encountered great difficulties, but found +friends, especially Archbishops Potter and Herring. +Frederick, Prince of Wales, also assigned him a pension. He +resided some years at Knightsbridge, which <a +name="page211"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 211</span>he quitted +in 1775. He died October 11th, 1783. <a +name="citation211"></a><a href="#footnote211" +class="citation">[211]</a></p> +<p>The <span class="smcap">Countess of Orrery</span>, friend of +Swift, died at Knightsbridge, October 27th, 1758. He +esteemed her highly “as a person of very good +understanding, as any he knew of the sex.” In his +will, Swift bequeathed to Lord Orrery “the enamelled silver +plates to distinguish bottles of wine by,” given him by his +“excellent lady.”</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Seth Ward</span>, <span +class="smcap">Bishop of Salisbury</span>, had his town residence +at Knightsbridge. He was born April 15th, 1617, at Aspedon, +near Buntingford. Brought up at the Free School of his +native place, he was removed to Sydney Sussex College; but +refusing to subscribe the covenant, lost his fellowship, and in +1643 removed to the neighbourhood of London. Part of his +time he spent at Albury, in company with Oughte, and there the +two prosecuted their mathematical studies together.</p> +<p>In 1649, the Savilian Professors of Astronomy and Geometry +being removed from their offices by the Parliamentary +Commissioners, Ward was chosen to fill the former chair. On +this he took the oath of allegiance to the Commonwealth, <a +name="page212"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 212</span>and exerted +himself to restore the lectures, which had been greatly +neglected, and under him they speedily revived.</p> +<p>In 1652, he took his Doctor’s Degree, and in 1659 was +made Principal of Jesus College, and afterwards Master of Trinity +College; but at the Restoration he was compelled to resign these +appointments. While at Oxford he gained the acquaintance of +some of the most eminent men of the time, especially of Wilkins, +afterwards Bishop of Chester. Their meetings led to the +formation of the Royal Society, which Ward strongly supported, +and of which he was one of the most efficient members.</p> +<p>Although he had taken office under the Commonwealth, he had +friends under the Monarchy, who were able to forward his +interests. Among them were Monk and Clarendon; and through +their intercessions he was presented to St. Lawrence Jewry, and +afterwards to the Precentorship of Exeter. His rise was now +rapid, for in 1661 he was appointed Dean, and in the ensuing year +Bishop of that Diocese.</p> +<p>In 1667 he was translated to the Bishopric of Salisbury, and +in the House of Lords, being an able speaker, took a prominent +part in the <a name="page213"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +213</span>debates. He has been accused of lending rather +too complying an ear to the Court, both in Parliament and the +rule of his diocese; probably these charges arose from his +supporting the ill-advised and tyrannical Conventicle Act, which +his predecessor, Bishop Earl, a man beloved by all parties, had +opposed. On the other hand, it must be borne in mind he +approved of the opposition to James II., and to two copies of the +petition his signature was affixed.</p> +<p>His residence, when his duties called him to the metropolis, +was at Knightsbridge, and here he was visited by all the leading +literary and scientific men of the day. Evelyn, in his +“Diary,” March 25th, 1674, writes, “I dined at +Knightsbridge, with the Bishops of Salisbury, Chester, and +Lincoln, my old friends.” The celebrated Isaac Barrow +was also a frequent guest; and it was at the Bishop’s table +he was seized with the illness which in a short time ended his +days. The celebrated Sir Charles Scarborough was another +friend—he also was Ward’s medical adviser; and Burnet +states he was at Knightsbridge with him when the Queen’s +coach came for him to attend her at the birth of the future +Pretender.</p> +<p><a name="page214"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 214</span>The +Bishop’s health towards the close of his life was very +indifferent, and at length he was deprived of his faculties +altogether, and died at Knightsbridge, January 6, 1689, in his +seventy-second year. He was a very learned man, as his +writings abundantly show, and a very charitable one. At his +native place he founded almshouses, and also left a sum for +apprenticing its poor boys. I know nothing more beautiful +or pure in a great man’s character than to see him +remembering in his old age those villagers among whom, in a +comparatively humble sphere, he first drew breath. Such +conduct indicates a benevolent mind and a good heart; and such +public acts which seem to show a different spirit, I would rather +attribute to a temporary fear or extraneous motive, other than +the genuine constitution of the mind. A life of Ward was +published by Dr. Pope, author of the celebrated ballad, +“The Old Man’s Wish.” <a +name="citation214"></a><a href="#footnote214" +class="citation">[214]</a></p> +<p>William Penn resided at Knightsbridge, at <a +name="page215"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 215</span>No. 8, St. +George’s Place, it is said; in order to be nearer the +Court, where he was a great favourite with the Queen; he left it +in 1706. Sir John Chardin, the famous Persian Ambassador of +the time of Charles II., lived once in this same house. So +imbued was he by his travels with Eastern ideas, that on Persian +festivals he used to illuminate his windows with candles. +He was buried at Chiswick, 29th December, 1713. The clever +but unfortunate George Anne Bellamy also lived here in +1747. Dr. Richard Wright, F.R.S., and physician to St. +George’s Hospital, died here, October 14th, 1786. J. +Marshall, a botanist and gardener, and well known as a writer on +such subjects, lived at Knightsbridge many years; and Edward +Wakefield, author of “Ireland, Political and +Statistical,” died here, May 18th, 1854, aged +eighty-six. John Allen, of Knightsbridge, in 1685, left to +the parish of Hammersmith 10s. annually to twenty poor +people. The Countess of Yarmouth, mistress of George II., +also numbered among its inhabitants.</p> +<h2><a name="page216"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +216</span>CHAPTER IV.<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">BELGRAVIA.</span></h2> + +<blockquote><p> “Belgravia! +that fair spot of ground<br /> +Where all that worldlings covet most is found!<br /> +Of this stupendous town—this mighty heart!<br /> +Of England’s frame—<i>the fashionable</i> +part!”</p> +<p style="text-align: right"><span +class="smcap">Belgravia</span>: <span class="smcap">a +Poem</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p><span class="smcap">Between</span> the Hamlet of Knightsbridge +and the district of Pimlico are a number of streets and squares +to which the fashionable term of Belgravia has been given, and +which is now the recognised name of the locality. Southward +of the old King’s Road has for 200 years been known as +Pimlico. To this boundary, sanctioned by usage, I shall +adhere; considering only those places as in Belgravia between +this line, and one formed from St. George’s Hospital, by +Grosvenor Crescent and Motcomb Street; while the east boundary is +Grosvenor Place; and the west, the sewer. The name is +derived from a title of the Marquis of Westminster, <a +name="page217"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 217</span>taken from +a village in Leicestershire, where he has great property. +Halkin, Motcomb, and Kinnerton Streets, also derive their names +from properties of the Marquis; Eaton Square from his seat, and +Wilton Place, &c., from the title of his brother.</p> +<p>I need hardly say Belgravia is yet in its youth; of history, +strictly speaking, it really has none. Where now stands +this</p> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">“Oasis of the +fashionable west,”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>was, thirty years ago, nought but marshy fields—fields +in a very forlorn condition, covered with rank grass and weeds in +full luxuriance; bounded by mud-banks, and almost wholly given up +to sheep and asses. I cannot do better than let the lady, +who has chosen Belgravia for her theme, describe its former +aspect.</p> +<blockquote><p>Time was, when here, where palaces now stand,<br +/> +Where dwell at ease the magnates of the land,<br /> +A barren waste existed, fetid, damp,<br /> +Cheered by the ray of no enlivening lamp!<br /> +A marshy spot, where not one patch of green,<br /> +No stunted shrub, nor sickly flower was seen;<br /> +But all things base, the refuse of the town,<br /> +Loathsome and rank, in one foul mass were thrown;<br /> +Breeding the vapours that in fever’s hour<br /> +Lend to Disease its desolating power,<br /> +<a name="page218"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 218</span>And +quench the life of thousands, like the blight,<br /> +Noiseless, but sure, that in a single night<br /> +Upon the blossoms’ opening bloom descends,<br /> +And brooding rests, till all their promise ends.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Belgravia was and still is within the manor of Ebury, and in +ancient times within the parish of St. +Martin’s-in-the-Fields. It now belongs to St. +George’s, Hanover Square, but subdivided; about half +pertaining each to St. Paul’s, Knightsbridge, and St. +Peter’s, Pimlico. The early history of this manor has +been already noticed; now for its modern.</p> +<p>King George III., on taking up his residence at Buckingham +House, wished to purchase the fields lying immediately +contiguous, in order to prevent buildings being erected so as to +overlook his garden. The Lock Hospital stood then alone, +but it was apparent that the ground would soon be occupied, if +the King should fix his abode so near. He therefore entered +into a negotiation for its purchase, but George Grenville, then +Minister, refused to sanction the expenditure of the sum +demanded, viz., £20,000, and Grosvenor Place was +accordingly commenced building in 1767. The streets running +from this line were terminated by <a name="page219"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 219</span>high mud banks, which formed a +boundary no traveller ventured over. The other side formed +a part of the Five Fields, and it was not till 1825 that the +determination was come to to cover it with houses. Mr. +Thomas Cubitt and Mr. Seth Smith then took leases from the +Marquis of Westminster, and Belgravia speedily arose.</p> +<p>The Five Fields was an ominous name to our forefathers. +Addison, in the “Tatler” (No. 34), refers to them as +the place “where the robbers lie in wait;” and pages +might easily be covered with the records of the frightful crimes +here committed. The King’s Road, anciently only a +trackway for the use of the farmers and gardeners, was the only +road across. A lane led to it from Hyde Park Corner, and +other paths intersected the fields into five large +parts—hence the name; but it was not till Charles II. found +the road a near way from Whitehall to Hampton Court that any +public way was formed, and not then till after some discussion +between the Government and the parishioners of Chelsea. In +the reign of George I. disputes arose as to the right of way; +but, after inquiry, the Government acknowledged <a +name="page220"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 220</span>the claims +of the inhabitants to be just. <a name="citation220"></a><a +href="#footnote220" class="citation">[220]</a> In the +documents relating to this dispute the fields are said to be +open, and the bridge, then called “Bloody Bridge,” +now known as Grosvenor Bridge, only “a footbridge, with a +plank or board,” till built in a regular manner in the time +of Charles II. The road across the fields was very +insecure; and for many years, under a royal order, fifty-two +privates, and six non-commissioned officers, half every alternate +night, patrolled the ground. On grand gala nights at +Ranelagh the number was greater; but on all occasions it was +customary for persons wishing to cross to wait for a sufficient +number to meet together to ensure mutual protection, and then, +with two men carrying lanterns on long poles, and who obtained +their living by such service, sallying across under their +guidance. Such a relation almost forces a smile now; but it +must be borne in mind that no houses were situated along the +King’s Road a hundred years since. It was also then +very circuitous, running from the Palace garden wall along the +present north garden of Eaton Square to Sloane Square. Its +<a name="page221"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 221</span>dangers +were very great, as the newspapers of the last century afford +melancholy proof. I give one specimen:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“On Saturday evening last, February 24th, a +servant belonging to Mrs. Temple was robbed and barbarously +wounded near Bloody Bridge in the King’s Road, leading from +Chelsea. Her Royal Highness the Princess Amelia coming from +Hampton Court, hearing a man groaning, ordered her servant to +stop; and it proving to be the man above-mentioned, he was taken +behind the coach and brought to town; and her Highness ordered +all possible care to be taken of him.” <a +name="citation221"></a><a href="#footnote221" +class="citation">[221]</a></p> +</blockquote> +<p>Bloody Bridge seems to have gained its fearful character +early; in Chelsea register is the following notice of the +name:—“1590. John Dukes was this year enjoyned +to make a Causie at <i>bloody</i> Gate.”</p> +<p>Charles Dartquineuve, the friend of Pope, and to whom Dodsley +was once footman, was appointed surveyor of the King’s +Private Roads, in 1731, in room of General Watkins. +Pass-tickets of copper were issued in that <a +name="page222"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 222</span>year, and +are prized by the curious in such matters.</p> +<p>Duellists also sought the Fire Fields, and Aubrey tells of one +meeting near to Ebury farm, in the time of Charles I., between +Lord Mohun and a foreign nobleman. The former was killed, +not without suspicion of foul play; and the credulous antiquary +relates that at the time of the duel, his mistress saw him +approach her bed, draw the curtains, and go away without +speaking!</p> +<p>Great numbers of the lower orders used to frequent the Five +Fields, to indulge themselves with the brutal sports so prevalent +formerly among them. Near where Coleshill Street now stands +was a famous resort for cock-fighting, and every Good Friday +numbers came to witness the barbarity. Duck-hunting in the +ponds and bull and bear-baiting were also largely carried on; the +head-quarters of the latter being at a house by the Willow Walk, +once the habitation of the notorious Jerry Abershaw.</p> +<p>It is pleasant to quit such recollections for those of a purer +kind. The old herbalists frequented these fields, where, +they tell, the <a name="page223"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +223</span>“wild clary” grew plentifully; and along +the river’s bank the “bitter cresses” in great +perfection. And Swift, walking to London from his Chelsea +residence in 1711, mentions the hay-making in the fields; +“it smells so sweet,” he says, “as we walk +through the flowery meads;” but he spoils the idea by +telling us that “the hay-making nymphs are perfect +drabs.” The market gardens in the Five Fields, though +not very numerous, were very valuable, being devoted chiefly to +the culture of the asparagus and the rarer vegetables. +Norden, in 1593, tells us,</p> +<blockquote><p>“The deepe, and dirtie, loathsome soyle,<br +/> +Yields golden gaine to painefull toyle;”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>and that the labourer “will refuse a pallace to droyle +in these golden puddles.” The nursery ground of +Messrs. Allen and Rogers was in being so late as 1832, adjoining +to the King’s Road. The father of Mr. Redgrave, the +distinguished artist, resided in a house on the King’s +Road, and here his eminent son was born.</p> +<p>One historical reminiscence will conclude the notices of the +fields. Clarendon tells us that he, Hampden, Pym, Marten, +and Fiennes <a name="page224"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +224</span>had dined together at Pym’s lodgings, when +Fiennes proposed a ride into these fields. Accordingly they +set off; and the conversation turning on the Episcopacy Bill, +Fiennes asked Hyde why he so passionately adhered to the Church, +Hyde’s reply was an expression of doubt as to the stability +of the State, or of religion itself, if the government of the +Church was altered; and Fiennes rejoining that much blood would +be shed ere that would be submitted to, Hyde (Clarendon) remarks +it was the first positive declaration he had heard from any +particular man of the party. Hampden, Pym, and other +leaders of those eventful times, are said to have sought the air +and private intercommunication in the Five Fields. This +anecdote concludes this early portion of Belgravia’s +history; the reader’s attention will now be drawn to its +streets and squares.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Belgrave Square</span> was commenced in +1825, and designed by Basevi. It is 684 ft. in length, by +637 ft. in breadth. The two detached mansions on the +western side were designed by H. E. Kendall. The one in the +south-west was originally built for Mr. Kemp, of Kemp Town; +afterwards it was occupied by <a name="page225"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 225</span>Lady Harriett Drummond, the Marquis +of Tweeddale, and in 1837 became the residence of Lord Hill, for +many years Commander-in Chief. After his death the late +Earl Ducie lived here, and on his decease, in 1853, the house was +sold, and enlarged to its present size. The mansion in the +north-west was the residence of the late Earl Brownlow.</p> +<p>General Sir George Murray, the friend of Wellington and Peel, +lived at No. 5, and died there in 1846, respected and +regretted. No. 2 was the residence of the late James +Goding, Esq., who formed a fine collection of paintings, and +other works of art. No. 6 is the Duke of Bedford’s, +and at No. 9 resides the celebrated Countess Dowager of +Essex. At No. 10 lived M. Drouyn de l’Huys, while +Ambassador at St. James’ from France. At 16 resides +Sir Roderick Murchison, and at 18 lived the late Earl of +Ellesmere. No. 36, sometimes called Ingestrie House, was in +1840 the residence of H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent, and at present +of Colonel Douglas Pennant. Mr. Labouchere at 27, the +Archbishop of York 41, Sir M. S. Stewart at 42, the Duke of +Montrose, Mr. Abel Smith, and Field-Marshal Lord <a +name="page226"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 226</span>Combermere, +are also residents of Belgrave Square.</p> +<p>The last of the Dukes of Gordon died at his residence here, +May 28th, 1836, aged 66; and Mr. Scrope, last male of a family +illustrious in our historic annals, lived at No. 13. He was +author of “Days of Deer Stalking,” published in 1839; +and “Days and Nights of Salmon Fishing,” published in +1843. Mr. Scrope died in Belgrave Square, July 20th, 1852, +in the 81st year of his age. His son-in-law, Mr. Poulett +Scrope, M.P., and author of the “History of Castle +Combe,” soon after quitted this mansion for one at +Prince’s Gate.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Chapel Street</span>, so named from the +Chapel attached to the Lock Hospital, which abutted on it, was +completed about 1811. Legh Richmond, while Chaplain of the +Lock, resided in this street. Writing to his wife, he says, +“It is surrounded by fields, has a very pleasing prospect, +charming air, great retirement and quietness, with a little +garden, a remarkably neat exterior, and as neat and comfortable +an interior.” Nor was he the only one who found in +Chapel Street a comfortable and happy home: the celebrated +comedian, Gentleman <a name="page227"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 227</span>Jones as he is called generally, for +many years lived at No. 14. “The very aspect of their +rooms is exhilarating,” writes Lady Chatterton, +“though small, and furnished without any show or +expense. A vine which grows at the back of the house, half +conceals the windows with its luxuriant branches; and some fresh +flowers in the rooms are fit emblems of those who reared +them.” <a name="citation227"></a><a href="#footnote227" +class="citation">[227]</a></p> +<p>Mr. Jones acquired fame both as an actor and author, but in +his later years employed himself as a teacher of elocution. +He died in Chapel Street, and lies buried in St. Peter’s +vaults. A marble tablet to his memory, at the entrance to +the Church, bears the following inscription:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Beneath rest the mortal remains of Richard +Jones, for more than forty years in public life, a dramatic +performer, he was admired; as in private life respected as a +teacher of elocution, he was a public Benefactor. As a +Christian and a Man his conduct was exemplary. He died 20th +of August, 1851, aged 72. Here also repose the remains of +Sarah, his wife. She died 18th of June, 1850, aged +71. And Eliza Jane his sister, who died 29th November, +1828, aged 40.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>General Sir W. K. Grant, one of the eight British officers who +saved the Emperor of Germany <a name="page228"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 228</span>from capture, on the plains of +Cambresis, in 1794, and who otherwise saw severe service in the +last great war, died in 1852, at his residence, No, 24, Chapel +Street. At her residence, in this street, also died, in +March, 1818, the Hon. Miss Hawke, author of a poem on the +“Fall of Babylon.”</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Chesham Place</span>, the freehold of +which belongs to the Lowndes family, is so named from their seat +in Buckinghamshire. No. 37 is the well known residence of +Lord John Russell, and No. 35 was Sir Charles Wood’s. +To Chesham Place the Russian Embassy was removed in 1852.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Chesham Street</span>.—Henry Parish, +Esq., of diplomatic celebrity, resided at No. 7.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Chester Street</span>.—At No. 13, +the residence of Lady Gipps, died Dr. Broughton, the first Bishop +of Sydney. The Right Hon. Frederick Shaw lived at No. 5, +and Colonel Sibthorpe at 27; at No. 7 resides Dr. W. V. +Pettigrew,</p> + +<blockquote><p> “Whose +sympathetic mind<br /> +Delights in all the good of all mankind.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Mr. Hurlstone and Miss Shirreff are also residents in Chester +Street.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Eaton Place</span>.—Among former +residents may <a name="page229"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +229</span>be enumerated General Caulfield, author of several +works on the Government of India; Sir Robert Gardiner, one of the +bravest of the old Peninsulas; Sir H. Duncan, son of the victor +of Camperdown, and himself a <i>tar</i> of true British stamp, +died here in 1836. Sir Thomas Troubridge was another of +that mighty school; he fought with Nelson at Copenhagen, and +elsewhere, and died here in 1852. Sir William Molesworth, +one of our ablest and most advanced statesmen of modern times, +and who has secured to himself a permanent position in our +literature, died at his residence (No. 87) in 1855.</p> +<p>Among present residents are Dr. Lushington (18), Sir Erskine +Perry (36), Sir George Grey (14), Mr. Justice Wightman (38), Mr. +Heywood (5), Sir Arthur Elton, M.P., and the Bishop of +Hereford.</p> +<p>At No. 80, the residence of Captain Massingberd, the Hungarian +statesman, Kossuth, stayed on his first arrival in this country, +in the autumn of 1851.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Eaton Place West</span>.—General Sir +Peregrine Maitland, who fought at Corunna, and commanded a +brigade at Waterloo, died at his <a name="page230"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 230</span>residence in this street, May 30th, +1852. Mr. Collier, M.P. (2), and Mr. H. F. Chorley (13), +live in this street.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Eaton Square</span> was commenced in 1827, +but not wholly completed till 1853. It is 1,637 ft. long by +a breadth of 371 ft. Among its distinguished residents may +be noticed the late Lord Chancellor Truro, who died at his +residence (No. 83) in 1853. Mr. Henry Redhead Yorke, at 81; +Lord Alvanley, of celebrity in the days of the fourth George, at +62; General Sir Thomas Bradford, and Admiral Sir Edward +Codrington, the victor of Navarino.</p> +<p>The late Ralph Bernal, Esq., resided at 75, and here formed +one of the most splendid collections of ancient art ever brought +together. He died here in 1853. No. 71 is the +residence (official) of the Speaker of the House of Commons; in +one year, says Mr. Cunningham, the rent, rates, and taxes of this +house amounted to £964.</p> +<p>Among present residents in Eaton Square are the Earl of +Ellenborough at No. 115, Sir Frederick Thesiger, now Lord +Chelmsford (7), Mr. Justice Willes (16), Sir John Pakington (41), +Sir Francis Baring (4), Mr. Fielder, Commissary-General <a +name="page231"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 231</span>in the +Crimea (57), Colonel Tulloch (63), Mr. M. J. Higgins (71), Mr. +Cardwell (74), Baron Martin (75), Sir Augustus Clifford (92), Sir +W. Clay (93), and General Codrington, our Commander-in-Chief at +the capture of Sebastopol, at 110.</p> +<p>At the east end stands St. Peter’s Church, built in +1826, and denounced by Mr. Cunningham as one of the +“ugliest in all London.” The site is an +excellent one, few superior in the metropolis; it is a just +source of regret, therefore, that a more creditable design was +not chosen. It was designed by Henry Hakewill, in the Ionic +Order, and consecrated by Dr. Howley, then Bishop of London, July +27th, 1827. It was burnt down in 1835, when the +altar-piece, “Christ crowned with Thorns,” a good +specimen of Hilton, R.A., was with difficulty saved. It was +presented to the Church by the British Institution.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Grosvenor Crescent</span> is still +unfinished. Here reside the Rev. A. P. Stanley, Sir Charles +Trevelyan, and at No. 1 the Earl of Clarendon, late Secretary of +State for Foreign Affairs. The Crescent is ultimately to be +continued to open into Grosvenor Place, and thus it will <a +name="page232"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 232</span>form the +main entrance to Belgravia; an improvement very greatly +needed.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Grosvenor Place</span>.—The story +pertaining to the foundation of this street has been told +already. Originally the houses were built no further than +the Lock Hospital, which occupied the site of the Grosvenor Place +Houses. At the bottom, where the junction with the +King’s Road was formed, was a cluster of mean dwellings, +and one inn, known as “The Feathers.”</p> +<p>At No. 1, Dr. Lane’s celebrated School of Anatomy and +Medicine has for many years been established. No. 4 +originally formed two houses, which were thrown together by the +late Earl of Egremont, who here first formed the splendid +collection of pictures now at Petworth. He was a great +patron of English artists, and an excellent judge of their +productions. Haydon, one of those he had befriended, +declares he “never saw such a character, or such a man, nor +were there ever many. ‘Live and let live’ seems +to be the Earl’s motto.” Lord Egremont died in +November, 1837. <a name="citation232"></a><a href="#footnote232" +class="citation">[232]</a></p> +<p><a name="page233"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 233</span>The +mansion at the north corner of Halkin Street is that—</p> + +<blockquote><p> “Where +the Howards’ noble race<br /> +For many a year have made their resting place.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>The first nobleman of this title who resided here was +Frederick, the fifth earl. He was born in 1748, and died in +1825, and is the nobleman often mentioned by Boswell as gaining +Johnson’s praise for his literary performances. But +however valuable these may be considered, he owes his literary +immortality to the attacks made on him by Byron. He was +guardian to the poet, who dedicated to him his “Hours of +Idleness,” which the Earl is said to have coolly received, +an affront which deeply rankled in Byron’s +breast—causing a wound his mother did her best to +widen. Byron, however, seems to have forgotten his +animosity, for in his “English Bards and Scotch +Reviewers,” as originally intended for the press, he +compliments Carlisle:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“On one alone Apollo deigns to smile,<br /> +And crowns a new Roscommon in Carlisle.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>But the intended honour was not permitted to remain. +Receiving, as he considered, a fresh <a name="page234"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 234</span>slight, Byron erased the praise, for +the vituperative sarcasm still to be read:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Let Stott, Matilda, and the rest<br /> +Of Grub-street and of Grosvenor-place the best,<br /> +Scrawl on, till death release us from the strain,<br /> +Or common sense asserts her rights again.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>But the poet regretted the severity, and afterwards, in his +noble tribute to Major Howard, gave utterance to his +repentance;—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Their praise is hymned by loftier harps +than mine;<br /> +Yet one I would select from that proud throng,<br /> +Partly because they blend me with his line,<br /> +And partly that I did his sire some wrong.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>And of the Major he writes with rapturous +eloquence:—</p> + +<blockquote><p> “When +shower’d<br /> + The death-bolts deadliest the thinn’d files +along,<br /> + Even where the thickest of war’s tempest +lour’d,<br /> +They reach’d no nobler breast than thine, young gallant +Howard.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Byron’s staunchest friend, Hobhouse—now Lord +Broughton—lived about No. 7, when colleague with Burdett in +the representation of Westminster; so also did Lady Ossory, the +correspondent of Horace Walpole. Writing to her, on +February 1st, 1775, he says:—“I hope this is the last +letter I shall send you before you land at <a +name="page235"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 235</span>Hyde Park +Corner turnpike. You will have a very good neighbourhood +there; Lord and Lady Apsley are mighty agreeable +people.”</p> +<p>No. 15 in 1773 was the Duke of Athol’s; the Marquis of +Titchfield, Lord-Lieutenant of the County fifty years ago, also +resided in Grosvenor Place, as did Mr. Orby Hunter, a leading man +in the <i>ton</i> in the days of George IV.</p> +<p>No. 44 is the residence of the Hanoverian Minister, and here +his Sovereign stayed during his visit to London in 1853. +No. 24 is the Bishop of Worcester’s, and No. 46 Sir James +Graham’s. Earl Stanhope, the historian, resided some +years at No. 41, but now at No. 3, Grosvenor Place Houses. +The centre of these three is Sir Anthony Rothschild’s, the +other Lord Harry Vane’s.</p> +<p>Near to the south end of Grosvenor Place stood, for above a +century, a small hospital for invalided soldiers. The poet +Armstrong, friend of Thomson, was in 1746 appointed physician to +it. The establishment was closed when the improvements here +were contemplated about 1846. Adjoining to it was +“The Feathers,” to which a curious anecdote is +attached. A Lodge <a name="page236"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 236</span>of Odd Fellows, or some similar +society, was in the habit of holding its meetings in a room at +“The Feathers,” and on one occasion when a new member +was being initiated in the mysteries thereof, in rushed two +persons, whose abrupt and unauthorised entrance threw the whole +assemblage into an uproar. Summary punishment was proposed +by an expeditious kick into the street; but, just as it was about +to be bestowed, the secretary recognised one of the intruders as +George, Prince of Wales, afterwards George IV. +Circumstances instantly changed: it indeed was he, out on a +nocturnal excursion; and accordingly it was proposed and carried +that the Prince and his companion should be admitted +members. The Prince was chairman the remainder of the +evening; and the chair in which he sat, ornamented, in +consequence, with the plume, is still preserved in the parlour of +the modern inn in Grosvenor Street West, and over it hangs a +coarsely executed portrait of the Prince in the robes of the +order. The inn, the hospital, and various small tenements +were removed in 1851, when the present stately erections were +immediately commenced. On the ground being cleared away, +various coins, <a name="page237"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +237</span>old horse-shoes, a few implements of warfare, and some +human remains were discovered.</p> +<p>At the intersection of the cross-roads at the end of Grosvenor +Place, suicides were subjected to the revolting burial then +awarded by the law. The last person on whom the law was +carried out here was named Griffiths, the son of a colonel in the +army, who had first murdered his father, and then destroyed +himself. This took place on June 27th, 1823.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Halkin Street</span>.—The north side +is chiefly occupied by Mortimer House, the residence of the late +Earl Fitzwilliam, and by Belgrave Chapel, built in 1812. +Its ministers have been the Rev. John Pitman, author of +“Practical Lectures on the Gospel of St. John,” the +Revs. J. Thackeray, J. Jennings, and the present minister, the +Rev. W. Thorpe, D.D.</p> +<p>The detached mansion at the corner, numbered as 49, Belgrave +Square, finished in 1850, is the residence of Mr. Sidney +Herbert. The premises now occupied by Messrs. Wimbush were +those in which the same business was conducted by Mr. Vernon, the +munificent patron of modern British art.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Halkin Street West</span> contains a small +chapel, <a name="page238"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +238</span>now belonging to the National Scottish Church, and in +which Dr. Cumming occasionally preaches. Its present +minister is the Rev. L. Macbeth. Built by Mr. Seth Smith, +it was originally attached to the Church of England, under the +ministry of the Rev. J. Gibson.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Lock Hospital</span> (The), which formerly +stood on the site of Grosvenor Place Houses, was built in 1746, +and patients admitted on January 31st, 1747, for the first +time. The Institution included an asylum for the reception +of penitent females, founded in 1787, and a chapel, built in +1764, with the primary view of aiding the income by its pew +rents. The chapel was always celebrated for the powerful +and popular preachers who occupied its pulpit, among whom may be +mentioned Martin Madan, Thomas Scott, editor and commentator of +the Scriptures, and C. E. De Coetlogon; while Legh Richmond, +Romaine, Rowland Hill, and the celebrated Dr. Dodd, have often +preached here. Of these, the one most connected with this +locality was the Rev. Martin Madan.</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p238b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"Old Lock Hospital" +title= +"Old Lock Hospital" +src="images/p238s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p>His father was M.P. for Wootton Basset, and Groom of the +Bedchamber to Frederick, Prince of Wales; his mother, a daughter +of <a name="page239"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +239</span>Spence Cowper, and niece of the celebrated Chancellor; +an accomplished woman, and authoress of several poems of +considerable merit. Martin was originally brought up to the +bar, which he forsook for the Church; was ordained, became +Chaplain to the Lock, and one of the most popular ministers of +the day. He was a distant relation of the poet Cowper, who +first imbibed from him those religious principles which +afterwards formed so predominant a feature of his mind.</p> +<p>In 1780 his popularity received a severe blow from the +publication of his “Thelyphthora,” a singular work in +defence of polygamy. There can be no doubt that the work +was issued with good intentions, but the manner of treating the +subject was at least novel, and especially so in a clergyman.</p> +<p>Madan was the author of various other works, and likewise of +some repute as a musical composer. Many of the tunes and +chants in the “Lock Hymn Book” have his initials +attached. The “Song of Miriam” is, perhaps, his +most popular piece. At the same time, mention must be made +of his composition to Pope’s Ode, known as “Vital +Spark,” also of the piece <a name="page240"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 240</span>“Before Jehovah’s awful +Throne.” I have heard him spoken of by elderly folks +with deep respect; and whatever his shortcomings may have been, a +want of charity was not among them. That he was equally +respected in high society may be inferred from his friendship +with Lord Chancellor Bathurst, who gave him a chaplaincy.</p> +<p>He died at Epsom in the 64th year of his age, and was buried +at Kensington, May 8th, 1791.</p> +<p>The connection of Legh Richmond with the Lock was of very +short duration. He was induced to accept the minor office +of assistant to the Rev. Thomas Fry, then chaplain, and while +here attracted the notice of Ambrose Serle, author of +“Horæ Solitariæ,” a constant attendant of +the chapel. Serle was applied to by Mrs. Fuller to +recommend her a pious and practical clergyman to fill her living +of Turvey; he immediately recommended Richmond, and thus it was +that estimable man obtained the position he filled with such +great credit to himself and the Church, and benefit to his +people. His ministrations here extended only from February +to October 1805.</p> +<p><a name="page241"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +241</span>Wilberforce strongly supported this Institution, and +frequently attended the Chapel. He occasionally alludes to +it in his “Diary;” and Legh Richmond mentions +observing him at the communion-table on one occasion, with a +negro at his side, a coincidence which he afterwards found was +quite accidental. The incident was not without a +lesson!</p> +<p style="text-align: center"> +<a href="images/p241b.jpg"> +<img alt= +"Lock Chapel" +title= +"Lock Chapel" +src="images/p241s.jpg" /> +</a></p> +<p>The buildings were of brick, and as plain as they possibly +could be. They were pulled down in 1846, and the +Institution removed to the Harrow Road.</p> +<p><a name="page242"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 242</span><span +class="smcap">Lowndes Street</span>.—Colonel Gurwood, the +editor of “Wellington’s Dispatches,” resided at +33, and Mrs. Gore, the novelist, once at 42.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Osnaburg Row</span>, a court nearly at the +lower end of Grosvenor Place, named after the Duke of York, who +also was Bishop of Osnaburg. The Guards’ Hospital, +before noticed, adjoined it, and the court was removed at the +same time that building was cleared away.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Upper Belgrave +Street</span>.—Numbers 1 and 2 were the first houses +finished by Mr. Cubitt. No. 3 is Lord Charles +Wellesley’s, and previously the present Duke of +Wellington’s; hither the great Duke might frequently be +seen escorting the present Duchess home. Mrs. Gore lived at +No. 2, and at 13 the late Earl of Munster. Several sketches +of Lord Minister’s life are given in Mr. Jerdan’s +“Autobiography,” in which it is inferred the fatal +aberration of intellect which led to his self-destruction arose +from the discordant feelings arising from the anomalous position +he held, and which he was unable to brook. He was author of +several works on the <a name="page243"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 243</span>history of our eastern empire, and +was a patron of literature and learning. <a +name="citation243"></a><a href="#footnote243" +class="citation">[243]</a></p> +<p><span class="smcap">Wilton Street</span>.—Here Mr. +Spencer Percival, eldest son of the minister killed by Bellingham +in 1812, resided.</p> +<h2><a name="page244"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +244</span>CHAPTER V.<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">THE SUB-DISTRICT OF ST. +BARNABAS.</span></h2> +<blockquote><p>“Nor rough nor barren are the winding +ways<br /> +Of hoar antiquity, but strown with flowers.”</p> +<p style="text-align: right"><span +class="smcap">Warton</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p><span class="smcap">The</span> district parish of St. +Paul’s, Knightsbridge, stretching southward to the Thames, +embraces in its bounds a considerable part of Pimlico. When +St. Barnabas’ Church was built, for the local management of +the parish, this southern portion was allotted to its +minister’s care, and therefore I follow a division most +suitable for my plan, and give a brief outline of the history of +this part of the parish, in order that my notice may not be +incomplete.</p> +<p>Of course, I do not intend to describe the suburb now called +Pimlico as a whole, but only that portion of it within the +district of St. Paul’s; yet I cannot even do so without <a +name="page245"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 245</span>touching on +one or two items of general history: and first, then, for the +name.</p> +<p>The first mention of the name Pimlico appears in the parish +books of St. Martin in the year 1626. <a +name="citation245a"></a><a href="#footnote245a" +class="citation">[245a]</a> The ancient name of the place +was Eybury, from the manor of Eia or Eye, signifying water; a +most appropriate name for a spot bounded on three sides by +running streams. There was a Manor House once existing, +which we may infer was of some importance, from its being one of +those houses for which a licence to crenellate or fortify was +granted. This privilege was granted in 1307 to John de +Benstede, by Edward I. <a name="citation245b"></a><a +href="#footnote245b" class="citation">[245b]</a> Hence the +addition of <i>bury</i> to the original name of Eye or Eia, such +addition meaning fortifications.</p> +<p>But to the name. The true explanation of its origin is +to be found in a rare, if not unique tract, entitled, “News +from Hogsdon,” 1598:—“Have at thee then, my +merrie boys, and hie for old Ben Pimlicoe’s nut +brown.” <a name="citation245c"></a><a href="#footnote245c" +class="citation">[245c]</a> This “old Ben +Pimlico,” of Hoxton, kept, in <a name="page246"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 246</span>the days of Queen Bess, a right +famous hostelrie, a popular place of resort, as numerous +allusions in the dramatists <a name="citation246"></a><a +href="#footnote246" class="citation">[246]</a> of the period +testify. Pimlico Walk still exists at Hoxton, and doubtless +indicates the pathway along which the pleasure-seekers wended +their way to Old Ben’s.</p> +<p>It is evident in the above quotation that a <i>person</i> is +alluded to; but the word frequently expresses a <i>drink</i>, +most probably derived from this worthy. This is evident +from the following verses:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Let Hogsdon’s scrapers on their +base,<br /> +Sound fum—fum—fum—from tattered case,<br /> +Nor Mean nor Treble now take place,<br /> + + +But Tenor.</p> +<p>A Counter-Tenor is that note.<br /> +Tho’ easy—’tis ne’er sung by rote,<br /> +But got with wetting well your throat<br /> + + +With claret.</p> +<p>Or stout March beer, or Windsor ale,<br /> +Or Labour-in-Vain (so seldom stale),<br /> +Or <i>Pimlico</i>, whose too great sale<br /> + + +Did mar it.”</p> +<p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">The Counter +Rat</span>, 1670.</p> +</blockquote> +<p><a name="page247"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 247</span>This +Ben Pimlico, and the ale named after him, are both spoken of with +equal laudation by the dramatists—by Ben Jonson more +especially, who lived in the neighbourhood, and doubtless was +familiar with both. But in his play of “The +Alchemist,” the allusion, I think, points to a bygone +place:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“<i>Lovewit</i>: The neighbours tell me all +here that the doors<br /> +Have still been open—</p> +<p><i>Face</i>: How, sir!</p> +<p><i>Lovewit</i>: Gallants, men and women,<br /> +And of all sorts, tag-rag, been seen to flock here<br /> +In threwes, these ten weeks, as to a <i>second Hogsdon</i><br /> +<i>In days of Pimlico and Eyebright</i>.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>This evidence of Jonson I think conclusive that the original +Ben Pimlico’s had gone. The question is where; and my +reply is, to Ebury. The reasons are—</p> +<p>1st. We had in this locality a pathway known as the +Willow Walk, and there is such yet remaining at Hoxton.</p> +<p>2nd. The movement of places of amusement to the western +suburbs commenced in the time of James I. At this time the +Exchange, Islington, and Hoxton began to lose their charms, and +pleasure-folk went to Spring Garden, the Mulberry Garden, +&c.</p> +<p><a name="page248"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +248</span>Though this argument, if such it can be called, is +wholly inferential, I do not think there is anything to oppose to +it, unless the number of places called Pimlico <a +name="citation248"></a><a href="#footnote248" +class="citation">[248]</a> tells against the view taken. +But here, again, the probability is that they borrowed their +names from the one at Hoxton, because of its popularity; and the +coincidence of the Willow Walk is moreover wanting: what I argue +for is, that on the decay, for some reason or other, of Ben +Pimlico’s establishment at Hoxton, he, or some one +belonging to it, came to Ebury, formed his Willow Walk leading to +the house, and his popularity being so great, the village became +gradually to be called after him, and its ancient appellation +imperceptibly lost.</p> +<p>That part of Pimlico now in St. Paul’s district was, in +the last century, a complete moral wilderness. As is +apparent to the present day, the dwellings were of the meanest +character; and it was only the infamous who long lived +here. Jerry Abershaw lived in a house along the Willow +Walk; and Maclean the highwayman, whom the ladies went to see +(according <a name="page249"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +249</span>to Horace Walpole), also lived on this spot. Its +secure condition for persons of this description may be imagined, +when it is recollected that there was, previous to 1768, no +direct road to this part. The only way was from Chelsea; +the road through Belgrave Place was not fit for carriages till +this time. It was then completed and carried on to the +Stonebridge, a bridge over the Westbourne, by the end of +Wilderness Row. Parties going to Ranelagh by coach went +along the King’s Road, a roadway to the left leading to the +Grove; but in that day the silent highway of the Thames was much +used, and as the ballad tells, the “fine city ladies” +delighted in a voyage to Ranelagh or Vauxhall.</p> +<p>The Grosvenor Canal, which forms the boundary of our district +on one side, was formed in 1823; its head had been the property +of the Chelsea Waterworks Company, who in that year removed their +works to their late position at Ranelagh. The canal enters +the Thames a few yards eastward of the new Pimlico Bridge, the +story of which is too recent, and too much one of “discord +dire” to obtain further notice in these pages.</p> +<p><a name="page250"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 250</span>At +the foot, where the Pimlico Bridge now stands, was the +“White House,” a lonely habitation by the river side, +used once by anglers; opposite to which, on the Surrey side, +stood the “Red House,” a still more noted place of +resort. Fifty yards westward of this spot, according to +Maitland, Cæsar crossed the Thames, on his second +expedition into Britain; but the opinion of Maitland is not +generally shared in by antiquaries, who, notwithstanding the +arguments advanced by different writers, in favour of spots they +themselves have fixed on, yet in general adhere to the opinion of +the father of English antiquaries, and agree with Camden, that +this passage of the Thames was at Coway Stakes. +Nevertheless it must be borne in mind, that many relics of this +period have been found in the bed of the Thames at and about this +spot; and during the progress of the bridge, coins and relics of +a later time, many of which were Roman, were also discovered.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">St. Barnabas’ College</span> +consists of a Church, a Residentiary-house for the Clergy +attached thereto, and a School-house, with residence for the +teachers. The design originated with the <a +name="page251"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 251</span>Rev. W. J. +E. Bennett, and the ground was the gift of the Marquis of +Westminster. The commencement of the work was with the +School-house, the foundation-stone of which was laid June 11th, +1846 (St. Barnabas’ Day); the foundation-stone of the +Church was laid twelve months later, on which occasion the new +School-house was formally opened; and on St. Barnabas’ Day, +1850, the Church was consecrated by the late Bishop of +London.</p> +<p>The architecture, chosen by Mr. Cundy, under whose +superintendence the College was erected, is the Early +Pointed. The Church has a tower and spire of Caen stone, +containing ten bells, the gift of as many parishioners; it is 170 +ft. high. The interior is of great splendour, the open roof +being finely painted, and the windows throughout of stained +glass, by Wailes, of Newcastle, and representing incidents of the +life of St. Barnabas. The chancel is separated from the +body of the Church by a carved oak screen; the other wood +fittings are also of oak. The lectern (a brass eagle), the +communion-plate, font, and other costly ornaments, were the gifts +of private individuals.</p> +<p>The Church has sittings for about 1,000 persons, <a +name="page252"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 252</span>all of +which are free. It was erected entirely by voluntary +contributions, and under the energetic incumbency of Mr. +Bennett. Its cost has been about £15,000, of which +the expense of the carcase of the Church, vestries, and buildings +attached, amounted to £10,232.</p> +<p>St. Barnabas is but a Chapel-of-Ease to St. Paul’s, and +is under the same legal government. Churchwardens are, +however, appointed by the Incumbent of St. Paul’s for the +maintenance of order and other similar offices; but, in other +respects, the usual legal duties devolve on the wardens of St. +Paul’s. The Schools are designed for 600 +children—200 each of boys, girls, and infants.</p> +<p>During the Anti-Papal agitation of 1850, this Church was more +than once the scene of unseemly disturbances on the part of the +mob, and, to suppress which, it was necessary to call in the aid +of the police.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Avery Farm Row</span> doubtless is a +remnant in name of some rural time. A family named Avery +frequently appear in the registers of Knightsbridge Chapel, from +1663 to 1691; the probability is they were farmers here. +Another Avery Row runs parallel to Bond Street.</p> +<p><a name="page253"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 253</span><span +class="smcap">Blomfield Terrace</span> was so named after the +late Bishop of London. At No. 1, the late Captain Warner, +so well known for his <i>invention</i> of the “long +range,” died in December 5th, 1853. He had long +resided in the locality, and was well known in it. He left +seven children with their mother, in great distress, for whom the +Hon. and Rev. Robert Liddell made a public appeal; but it +afterwards transpired his wife was living in receipt of parochial +relief at Ashford. Warner was buried in the West Brompton +Cemetery.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Commercial Road</span> (The), on the +right-hand side of the canal, is occupied almost entirely by +factories, workshops, and the dwellings of those employed +therein. A “House of Refuge,” under the +management of the clergy of the parish, is situated here; and +also a Ragged School, both supported by public contributions.</p> +<p>Jenny’s Whim Bridge, sometime called the Wooden, and now +Ebury Bridge, crosses the canal at the north end of the +Commercial Road. Here was a turnpike, similarly named, till +1825. Jenny’s Whim was a very celebrated place of +amusement, on the site of St. <a name="page254"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 254</span>George’s Row. It was +equally the resort of high and low, and with all classes was for +a lengthened period a favourite place of recreation. I +never could unearth the origin of the name, but presume the +tradition told me by an old inhabitant was the correct account, +viz., that it was so called from its first landlady, who caused +the gardens to be laid out in so fantastic a manner, as to cause +the expressive little noun to be affixed to the pretty and +familiar christian name she bore. Angelo says it was +established by a celebrated pyrotechnist in the reign of George +I. The house had a large breakfast room, and the grounds, +though not large, contained a bowling green, alcoves, arbours, +and flower beds, with a fish pond in the centre. There was +also a cock-pit; and in a pond adjacent the brutal sport of +duck-hunting was carried on. This is alluded to in the +following sketch, quoted from the <i>Connoisseur</i>, May 15, +1775:—“The lower sort of people have their Ranelaghs +and their Vauxhalls as well as the quality. Perrot’s +inimitable grotto may be seen, for only calling for a pint of +beer; and the royal diversion of duck-hunting may be had into the +bargain, together with a decanter <a name="page255"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 255</span>of Dorchester, for your sixpence, at +Jenny’s Whim.”</p> +<p>Angelo says:—“It was much frequented, from its +novelty being an inducement to allure the curious, by its amusing +deceptions. Here was a large garden; in different parts +were recesses, and by treading on a spring—taking you by +surprise—up started different figures, some ugly enough to +frighten you—a harlequin, a Mother Shipton, or some +terrific animal. In a large piece of water facing the tea +alcoves, large fish or mermaids were showing themselves above the +surface.” Horace Walpole, in his Letters, +occasionally alludes to Jenny’s Whim; in one to Montagu he +spitefully says—“Here (at Vauxhall) we picked up Lord +Granby, arrived very drunk from Jenny’s Whim.”</p> +<p>Towards the close of the last century, Jenny’s Whim +began to decline; its morning visitors were not so numerous, and +opposition was also powerful. It gradually became +forgotten, and at last sunk to the condition of a beer-house, and +about 1804 the business altogether ceased.</p> +<p>Jenny’s Whim has more than once served the novelist for +an illustration; see “Maids of <a name="page256"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 256</span>Honour; a Tale of the Times of +George the First:”—“There were gardens,” +says the writer, mentioning the place, “attached to it, and +a bowling green; and parties were frequently made, composed of +ladies and gentlemen, to enjoy a day’s amusement there in +eating strawberries and cream, syllabubs, cake, and taking other +refreshments, of which a great variety could be procured, with +cider, perry, ale, wine, and other liquors in abundance. +The gentlemen played at bowls—some employed themselves at +skittles; whilst the ladies amused themselves at a swing, or +walked about the garden, admiring the sunflowers, hollyhocks, the +Duke of Malborough cut out of a filbert tree, and the roses and +daisies, currants and gooseberries, that spread their alluring +charms in every path.</p> +<p>“This was a favourite rendezvous for lovers in courting +time—a day’s pleasure at Jenny’s Whim being +considered by the fair one the most enticing enjoyment that could +be offered her; and often the hearts of the most obdurate have +given way beneath the influence of its attractions. +Jenny’s Whim, therefore, had always, during the season, +plenty of pleasant <a name="page257"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +257</span>parties of young people of both sexes. Sometimes +all its chambers were filled, and its gardens thronged by gay and +sentimental visitors.” <a name="citation257"></a><a +href="#footnote257" class="citation">[257]</a></p> +<p>The house is still partly standing, and by its red brick and +lattice-work may be easily identified.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Graham Street</span>.—In this street +lived and died a man for many years well known in London, James +Thornton. He was <i>cook</i> to the Duke of Wellington +throughout the Peninsular and Waterloo campaigns. When, on +the death of his great master, it was stated in the papers that +the Duke’s dinner on the eventful 18th of June was dressed +by a Frenchman, he indignantly wrote to the <i>Times</i>, +claiming his honour. He possessed an unlimited fund of +anecdote, and used to boast he buried Lord Anglesea’s leg, +and helped to support Raglan at the amputation of his arm. +Thornton died in 1853.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Grosvenor Row</span>, together with Queen +Street and Jews’ Row, form one thoroughfare. It <a +name="page258"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 258</span>formerly +was one of the most remarkable streets in or around the +metropolis, and, to a great extent, is so now. To Jews Row +came Wilkie to sketch his “Chelsea Pensioner reading the +Account of the Battle of Waterloo,” painted for the Duke of +Wellington. The iron gate shown in the picture is still to +be seen. The numerous signs bear witness to the military +air of the neighbourhood, such as “The Snow Shoes,” a +recollection of Wolfe’s glorious campaign, the +“General Elliott,” and the “Duke of +York.”</p> +<p>Grosvenor Row, which terminates at the Stone Bridge (as the +place is marked in old plans), was built in 1768. At the +end is the “Nell Gwynn,” a tavern named after the +mistress of Charles II. Its sign-board was originally +decorated with her likeness; and the legend, firmly believed by +old Chelsea folk, that to her the noble institution adjacent owes +its foundation, was painted underneath. Nell’s +residence at Sandy End has been doubted by Mr. Cunningham. +It is certain that her mother resided near the Neate Houses in +Pimlico; and, in the records of Knightsbridge Chapel, there are +occasionally entries of the <a name="page259"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 259</span>name—connections not +improbably of the royal mistress. One of the entries, Jan. +13, 1667, records the marriage of Robert Hands and Mary Gwin, the +former being the name of a family long resident freeholders in +Pimlico, and to whom Chelsea Bun House, which I am now about to +notice, belonged.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Chelsea Bun House</span> was established +early in the eighteenth century, but the exact time is +unknown. It had obtained a reputation for its buns as early +as 1712; for in that year, Swift, who then resided at Chelsea, +mentions buying one of them in his walks. It soon became +quite a fashionable resort of a morning: even the Royal Family +used familiarly to visit Mrs. Hands, who was a complete living +history of all the affairs of the district, and of those who came +thither. To her customers her garrulous anecdote was a fund +of amusement, and her house and colonnade were continually +crowded with loungers. George II., his Queen, and their +family, patronised the place, and were frequently to be seen +laying siege to its delicacies. George III., too, after he +had ascended the throne, did not forget the spot where, in his +childhood, he had paid many a pleasant <a +name="page260"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 260</span>visit; and +in his turn, when his family was young, he and Queen Charlotte +frequently accompanied it thither. The latter presented +Mrs. Hands with a silver half-gallon mug, highly ornamented, and +five guineas at its bottom, as a testimony of her appreciation of +the attentions bestowed on the royal children.</p> +<p>On Good Fridays the concourse of people drawn hither was +immense. Business on this day was always commenced at four +o’clock in the morning, by which time numbers of customers +were waiting; and on some occasions it has been estimated that +fifty thousand persons have assembled here for hours before eight +o’clock. Occasionally the crowd became unruly, and +disturbances ensued, and it was found necessary to close the +establishment partially. Handbills of a warning character +were issued, and constables stationed to preserve order.</p> +<p>When Ranelagh declined from its zenith, the Bun House +experienced the reverse of fortune. Parties visiting the +former generally called to patronise the latter before they +entered; and the success of the one depended more perhaps than +would have been easily <a name="page261"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 261</span>credited on that of the other, and +it gradually dwindled away to complete insignificance.</p> +<p>The Bun House consisted of but one storey, was about 50 ft. in +length by 14 ft. in breadth, with a colonnade in front projecting +over the pavement, and affording a convenient shelter in wet +weather. The interior was fitted up in a perfectly unique +manner; the array of curiosities of every kind, and various +countries, forming a collection amusing and grotesque. +There were artificial and natural curiosities, the former +including models of St. Mary Redcliffe, and of a ship; clocks of +curious devices, and a model on horseback of the Duke of +Cumberland, in the costume worn at Culloden; two grenadiers in +the costume of the same period, four feet in height, in lead, and +weighing each nearly two hundredweight. There were also +some paintings, the most famous of which was the portrait of +Aurungzebe, Emperor of Hindostan. The natural curiosities +consisted of stuffed birds and animals, minerals, ores, and +similar rarities, arranged in cases; while the furniture, antique +in manufacture, multifarious in design, strong in make, and +comfortable in use, added to the peculiarity of <a +name="page262"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 262</span>the place, +and its attractions. In the King’s collection in the +British Museum is an engraving of “A Perspective View of +Richard Hands’ Bun House, at Chelsea, who has the Honour to +serve the Royal Family.”</p> +<p>Various improvements being carried out in this part of +Pimlico, in accordance with an Act of Parliament (introduced by +Sir Matthew Wood), passed in 1839, the Bun House was condemned +and pulled down in that year; preserving its ancient appearance, +though not its ancient reputation, to the last.</p> +<p>After Mrs. Hands died, her son carried on the business. +He was a most eccentric character, and dealt also largely in +butter, which in all weathers he carried about the streets in a +basket. He, like his mother, was thoroughly versed in the +lore of the district, and like the old Bluegown in Scott’s +“Antiquary,” was the bearer of its news as well as +butter. He was much respected in the neighbourhood; and on +his death, an elder brother, who had entered the army, and was +then a poor knight of Windsor, became proprietor. He also +was eccentric in manner, and peculiar in costume; and on his +death, leaving no friends or <a name="page263"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 263</span>relatives, the property was claimed +by the Crown.</p> +<p>Chelsea Bun, House has given name to one of Miss +Manning’s novels, published in 1854.</p> +<p>Opposite to the Bun House stood Stromboli House and gardens, a +minor place of recreation, at its height about 1788; on the site +of St. Barnabas’ College stood the Orange tavern and +tea-gardens. Here was a private theatre, at which the local +genii of the sock and buskin performed to their admiring +neighbours; and at the junction of Grosvenor Row and Ebury Street +stood an old inn, a relic of the Republicans in the +neighbourhood, and which bore one of the peculiar and +enthusiastic appellations of that period—<i>God +encompasseth us</i>. This was corrupted into “The +Goat and Compasses,” an absurd and unmeaning sign, but the +modern inn is now called simply “The Compasses.”</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Ranelagh Grove and Terrace</span> is so +named from the celebrated place of amusement of our ancestors; +but is in the parish of Chelsea, and therefore not within our +design. At No. 2, Ranelagh Terrace, died the Rev. Thomas +Pennington, nephew of the celebrated Elizabeth <a +name="page264"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +264</span>Carter. He was author of two works of foreign +travel, and also of “Memoirs of the Grand Dukes of the +House of Medici.” He died December 21st, 1852, in his +92nd year.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Upper Ebury Street</span>.—Part only +of this street is within the district of St. Paul’s; in it +died Rodwell, the composer, and William Skelton, a celebrated +engraver. Skelton’s productions are numerous, and +extend over a lengthened period, among them a series of portraits +of the reigning family from George III. to our present +Queen. He died here, August 13th, 1848, in his 86th year, +and was buried in Brompton Cemetery.</p> +<p>Several places of public entertainment were in the +neighbourhood of Ebury Street, the chief of which were “The +Star and Garter” and “The Dwarf;” both were in +their heyday about 1760; and notices of them were frequent in the +papers of the time. “The Cherokee Chiefs,” +objects of wonder in 1760, and alluded to in Goldsmith’s +“Citizen of the World,” were frequently to be seen +here. “The Star and Garter” stood near to the +end of Burton Street, “The Dwarf” on the site of the +factory in Elizabeth Street. There were besides <a +name="page265"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 265</span>these, +places of minor resort, mere tea-gardens. “To drink +tea at Pimlico” became proverbial in the last +century. Here came from the close streets, to inhale the +purer air of the fields, hundreds of the working-classes; more +especially on the Sunday they poured forth, old and young, +married and single. Gay says of the spring-time—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Then Chelsea’s meads o’erhear +perfidious vows,<br /> +And the press’d grass defrauds the grazing cows.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>One of these places was attached to the house now numbered +75.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Westbourne Place</span> is a neat double +row of houses (deriving its name from the stream) joining Eaton +and Sloane Squares. No. 2 was the house taken in 1808 by +Colonel Wardle for the notorious Mary Ann Clarke, as part +recompense for the services she was to render in the prosecution +of the inquiry into the conduct of the Duke of York. Into +the history of this disgraceful connection I do not intend to +enter, any more than to say, that afterwards an action was +brought against Colonel Wardle for the value of the furniture +supplied to this house, as was alleged, on the faith of his +personal promise. William Thomas Lewis, for many <a +name="page266"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 266</span>years a +popular comedian, and acting manager of Covent Garden Theatre, +died at his residence in Westbourne Place on January 13th, +1811. No. 23 was once the residence of Miss Corbaux, +celebrated as a painter, and for her knowledge in those most +recondite of studies, the histories and languages of the ancient +nations of the East.</p> +<p><span class="smcap">Westbourne Street</span> branches off +Westbourne Place. Mr. Smith, author of “A History of +Marylebone,” once lived here. In this street is a +Baptist Chapel. Formerly, on a part of this ground, was +York Hospital, a depôt for invalid soldiers, and named +after the Duke of York. Here for two years, <i>without +pay</i>, Mr. Guthrie, the eminent surgeon, attended on the poor +fellows maimed at Waterloo. The establishment, in 1819, was +removed to Chatham.</p> +<h2><a name="page267"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +267</span>CHAPTER VI.<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SUMMARY.</span></h2> +<blockquote><p>“The more carefully we examine the history +of the past, the more reason shall we find to dissent from those +who imagine that our age has been fruitful of new social +evils. The truth is that the evils are, with scarcely an +exception, old. That which is new is the intelligence which +discerns, and the humanity which remedies +them.”—<span class="smcap">Macaulay</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p><span class="smcap">Having</span> with the previous chapter +brought my account of Knightsbridge to a close, I cannot more +appropriately conclude than by a few remarks on subjects coming +within the scope of the heading of this chapter. But here +again my notes must necessarily be meagre and brief, for +Knightsbridge never having been of itself parochial, books, such +as generally form the staple of such chapters as this, have never +been kept to show, with the accuracy parish books do, the rise +and progress of the place.</p> +<p>The population of the parish of St. George, <a +name="page268"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 268</span>Hanover +Square, was, according to the census of 1851, 73,230 persons, of +whom 40,034 were within the two wards of Knightsbridge and +Pimlico; and of this number, about 14,000 are resident in the +district of St. Paul’s. The population of All +Saints’ district cannot with accuracy be tested, a large +part of it lying beyond our bounds; and building having made very +extensive progress even since 1851, its population has increased +in proportion.</p> +<p>In 1578, Mr. Walcot states only six persons were rated by the +St. Margaret’s overseers in Knightsbridge and Kensington; +and in 1687 only five people are rated in St. Martin’s +books for the whole of Pimlico.</p> +<p>The progress of building appears to have taken place not so +much progressively as in two distinct movements. The first +was from 1770 to 1780, and the other from 1825 to our own time; +on examination, it will be found that few of our streets were +built at other periods. A letter before me of a skilled +carpenter, written in 1783, tells his friends in the country he +gets 2s. 8d. per day for his labour, and that he is allowed to +make seven days per week, “and if the peace +continueth” he shall be able to <a name="page269"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 269</span>realise 20s. or a guinea per week; +for his lodging he paid 2s. per week. If this was a fair +sample of the rate of wages then, the mechanic’s financial +condition must have improved to an extent little credited perhaps +by themselves.</p> +<p>The air of Knightsbridge has always been considered pure and +salubrious. Swift brought Harrison to the place for the +benefit of pure air; and fifty years since it still maintained +the character, for Lady Hester Stanhope sent a faithful footman +here for the same relief. Constitution Hill and Montpelier +Square derived their names from this fact. The main street +of Knightsbridge, from Hyde Park Corner to Kensington, stands on +a peculiar but well-defined terrace of the London clay, which +separates the gravels of Hyde Park from those more southward, <a +name="citation269"></a><a href="#footnote269" +class="citation">[269]</a> and is rather more than thirty feet +deep. The yellow gravel of Hyde Park, says Sir Charles +Lyell, is, comparatively speaking, of modern date, consisting of +slightly rolled angular fragments, in which portions of the white +opaque coating of the original chalk-flint remain +uncovered. Southward of the clayey line <a +name="page270"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 270</span>just +mentioned the surface soil is a “made” one. +Underneath the native earth are thick layers of sand, beneath +which is a blue clayey earth, and then a sediment, consisting +chiefly of cockle and oyster shells, which beautifully retain +their appearance. Thus the soil of our locality is a porous +one, and rapidly absorbs the surface water; an advantage greatly +tending to the health of the inhabitants, for parts of Pimlico +are but slightly above high-water mark, and the air would +consequently be very moist and relaxing.</p> +<p>In a sanitary point of view all is not fair, even in +Belgravia; behind its imposing mansions many a foul spot is +hypocritically hidden; and although much has been done by the +medical officer, there yet remains plenty of work on hand for +him: too many spots yet requiring thorough transformation, and a +vigilant watch to be kept, that selfishness be not permitted to +triumph over public good. <a name="citation270"></a><a +href="#footnote270" class="citation">[270]</a></p> +<p>The local government of part of Knightsbridge and Belgravia +was formerly undertaken by a Board of Trustees chosen by +authority of <a name="page271"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +271</span>an Act of Parliament passed in 1829. This was one +of the local measures swept away by the general Act of Sir B. +Hall; and now the Knightsbridge ward (extending to Ebury Street) +returns twenty-seven members to the vestry of St. George, as +constituted by his bill. The other parts of the hamlet were +under control from various bodies deriving authority under +several Acts of Parliament, but now belong to wards of the +parishes in which they are situated. The bill passed by Sir +B. Hall, though perhaps not all that could be desired, is yet +calculated to effect an immense improvement over the old system, +which in this locality, conflicting with other interests and +regulations, worked but poorly. Many of the improvements +and alterations, appearing in themselves to be but trifling, yet, +when looked at in the aggregate, are of great benefit and +importance, were effected by the energy of individuals instead of +the action of the local board. One instance will +suffice. The footway between the Spring Gate and Hyde Park +Corner remained a gravel walk, which in winter time became mere +slush, until some of the inhabitants at length caused the +Government to pave it in 1854; and even <a +name="page272"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 272</span>the +“crossing” from the Spring Gate to St. George’s +Place was paid for by Mr. Westerton and one or two other +inhabitants.</p> +<p>In politics, in the days of Burdett, the Knightsbridgites were +generally Radicals of the first water. Burdett was in every +respect their man. He and Hobhouse once started on their +“chairing” from the house at the corner of Sloane +Street.</p> +<p>The right of voting for representatives is not the only +privilege the inhabitants of the hamlet enjoy. Those who +are in the All Saints District are qualified for all the numerous +hospitals and charities in the parish of St. Margaret’s, +which are among the best and most liberal in the metropolis.</p> +<p>The Government having decided on erecting at the +“Gore” museums and galleries for our National +Collections, it is only reasonable to believe that such will +result in a thorough revolution in the locality. Such has +already taken place at the Gore and Brompton, and it behoves +those who have the local management in their hands to render the +neighbourhood a fit one for such establishments. The +improvement of its approaches should, above all things, <a +name="page273"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 273</span>be +considered; and in the main street of our hamlet there is yet, +unluckily, too much room for improvement. It would be a +worthy entrance to the capital of the kingdom, if the many +abominations now offending the eye could be removed; and it is +doubtful if there is any valid reason for not setting to at the +work right earnestly. If the Park could be thrown open all +the way from Apsley House to the Chapel (for it is hopeless to +expect the removal of the vulgar monsters at Albert Gate), and +again continued to include the Barracks, such would render the +roadway the most beautiful and fine in every way; would add to +its healthiness by allowing the free air to circulate, and +ultimately prove to be of the most lasting benefit to the +community. But if in course of time the present buildings +are but to make way for others, it will not only perpetuate a +nuisance, but a disgrace. <a name="citation273"></a><a +href="#footnote273" class="citation">[273]</a></p> +<p>I believe I have now noticed all that (in accordance with my +plan) requires illustration from me. I therefore close the +subject, and trust the reader will say “Farewell” to +it with <a name="page274"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +274</span>a spirit of satisfaction; that at least in some respect +amusement has been afforded and instruction gained; and that the +time spent in perusing these pages will not, in the end, have +been considered unprofitably employed. Good reader, +farewell!</p> +<h2><a name="page275"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +275</span>APPENDICES.</h2> +<h3>APPENDIX I.<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">KNIGHTSBRIDGE A FAMILY NAME.</span></h3> +<p><span class="smcap">In</span> the Issue Roll of the Exchequer, +edited by Frederick Devon, are several payments in the 43rd Henry +III. to Henry de Knythebrig, Nicholas de Eye, and others, +carpenters employed at the King’s Palace. A Richard +Knightsbridge was rector of Sheatham in 1640; and the name, +though rarely, may still occasionally be met with.</p> +<h3>APPENDIX II.<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">THE CROMWELL TRADITION.</span></h3> +<p><span class="smcap">Until</span> the year 1853 there stood a +curious and lonely mansion in the Brompton Lanes known as +Cromwell House. The original name was Hale House, but it +was never called by it within the memory of any now living. +There are one or two versions of the story attached to this old +house printed; but they do not entirely agree with that which I +have always heard—to the effect, that on some occasion +Cromwell’s troop was quartered at Knightsbridge; and he one +day venturing to stray among the lanes of Brompton, was met by +some cavaliers who knew him, and pursued him to this house, where +he was sheltered till assistance arrived from Knightsbridge and +liberated him. And a confirmation was presumed to exist in +the inscription on the inn’s front at Knightsbridge that +Oliver’s bodyguard <a name="page276"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 276</span>was once quartered there, and that +it was once his “posting-house.”</p> +<p>I am perfectly aware that almost every village has its +Cromwellian legend, and also that every endeavour to connect the +Protector and this mansion has hitherto failed. But I own I +am by no means inclined to throw over the pleasing belief +entirely. There is a charity at Kensington still, called +Cromwell’s Gift, which always has been ascribed by parish +officers and inhabitants to the generosity of the great ruler; +and although this is unaccountably not entered in the parish +books, I do not consider such an omission a reason for +disbelieving the history handed down by successive generations of +parish officers, and still to be read in the church porch. +In true earnest, I think the omission favourable to my +view. No other origin has ever been assigned to the +charity; and the church authorities at the Restoration would +scarcely have permitted a laudatory inscription to the Protector +to remain. There are no other claimants, and never were: +the tradition is, and always has been, that to Oliver Cromwell +Kensington is indebted for this charity, and to him alone.</p> +<p>What reason, then, for this remembrance? The old legend +of Cromwell House, is the answer. We know the Parliament +forces were frequently quartered here. Through +Knightsbridge ran the high-road from Oxford; and Cavaliers +proceeding thence would most probably take the bye-road as they +neared the metropolis. And the idea is surely not an +improbable one that Cromwell may have been met with in the manner +related.</p> +<p>So far for the legend; but apart from this is another +consideration. In 1668, the Lawrences of Shurdington, in +Gloucestershire, rented Cromwell House of the Methwolds. <a +name="page277"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 277</span>Henry +Lawrence was President of Cromwell’s Privy Council, and in +other ways a staunch adherent of his policy. If it could be +proved he resided here at any time during his official career, a +new light would be thrown on the subject, and probably clear it +up. On the whole, therefore, I consider there are grounds, +though they may be but slight, for not entirely discarding the +tradition, which may yet be some day entirely unravelled.</p> +<h3>APPENDIX III.<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">ACT FOR BUILDING ALBERT GATE.</span></h3> +<p><span class="smcap">As</span> the Act of Parliament which +authorised the improvement at Albert Gate may prove hereafter to +be one greatly affecting the inhabitants of the hamlet and the +frequenters of the Park, the clause relating to Knightsbridge is +here appended.</p> +<p>The Bill passed May 10th, 1841, and received the Royal Assent +a short time following:—</p> +<p>“Anno Quarto Victoriæ Reginæ, Chapter +XII. An Act to enable Her Majesty’s Commissioners of +Woods to make a new Street from Coventry Street, Piccadilly, to +Long Acre, and for other Improvements in the +Metropolis.”</p> +<p>Clause LXXVII.—And whereas it is in contemplation by the +Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Woods, Forests, Land +Revenues, Works, and Buildings, to recommend to Her Majesty, with +a view to public Improvement and the Accommodation of the +Inhabitants of the new Squares, Streets, and Places, that have +lately been erected and formed in the neighbourhood of +Knightsbridge, in the County of Middlesex, to make a new +Thoroughfare and Opening into Hyde Park, subject to such +Regulations as Her Majesty may approve of: And whereas the Dean +and Chapter of the Collegiate Church of Saint Peter Westminster +<a name="page278"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 278</span>are the +Owners of certain Ground and Houses on the North Side of the +Knightsbridge Road, and immediately adjoining that part of Hyde +Park where the intended Opening is proposed to be made, and it is +essential to the Accomplishment of the projected Improvements +that the said Dean and Chapter should have Power to sell, or to +lease for any Term not exceeding ninety-nine Years, to the said +Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Woods, Forests, Land +Revenues, Works, and Buildings, certain small Portions of such +Ground and Houses, for the Purpose of enabling the said +Commissioners to make the said intended Opening, and to erect +Houses of a suitable Class and Elevation on each Side thereof, be +it enacted, That it shall be lawful for the said Dean and Chapter +of the Collegiate Church of Saint Peter Westminster, and they are +hereby authorised and empowered to contract for, Sell, and convey +to Her Majesty, Her Heirs and Successors, at such Price or Prices +as shall be agreed upon, or ascertained in manner prescribed by +the Act hereinafter referred to, to be the fair value thereof, +all or any Part of the Ground and Hereditaments hereinafter +described, that is to say, all that Piece or Parcel of Ground, +with the Cannon Brewery, the Fox and Bull Public House, and other +Buildings, thereon erected and built, situate on the North Side +of the Knightsbridge Road aforesaid, bounded on the East by the +Watercourse leading from and out of the Serpentine River to the +River Thames, and extending Westward from such Watercourse Two +hundred and thirty Feet or thereabouts on the North and South +Sides thereof, and containing in Breadth one hundred and thirty +Feet or thereabouts on the West Side thereof, and One hundred +Feet or thereabouts on the East Side thereof; and also all that +other Piece or Parcel of Ground, with the several Messuages <a +name="page279"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 279</span>and +Buildings thereon erected and built, known and distinguished by +the Nos. 23, 24, and 25, Knightsbridge, bounded on the West by +the said Watercourse, and extending Eastwards therefrom +Seventy-four Feet or thereabouts on the North and South Sides +thereof, and containing in Breadth Eighty-four Feet or +thereabouts on the West Side thereof, and Seventy Feet or +thereabouts on the East Side thereof, with the Appurtenances; and +that it shall be lawful for the said Dean and Chapter, and they +are hereby authorised and empowered, by Indenture under their +Common Seal, on the Surrender of any existing Lease or Leases of +the same Premises, or any Part or Parts thereof, to the said +Commissioners, or to such Person or Persons as the said +Commissioners shall appoint on behalf of Her Majesty, Her Heirs +and Successors, for any Term or Number of Years not exceeding +Ninety-nine Years, at such Rent, and subject to such Covenants, +Conditions, and Provisoes, and on such Terms as shall be agreed +upon between the said Dean and Chapter and the said +Commissioners, and to enter into such Contracts and Agreements +for the Purposes aforesaid as to them shall seem proper; and all +Contracts, Agreements, Sales, Leases, Conveyances, and +Assurances, shall be valid and effectual in the Law to all +Intents and Purposes whatsover.</p> +<h3>APPENDIX IV.<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">TRINITY CHAPEL, MEMORIAL WINDOWS OF +ST. PAUL’S CHURCH, AND ST. PAUL’S +SCHOOLS.</span></h3> +<p><span class="smcap">The</span> following brief notices are +considered worthy of addition to the work. In the first +place, the days of the Old Chapel, with its present undignified +appearance and circumscribed circle of usefulness, are +numbered. It is <a name="page280"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 280</span>purposed, so soon as Dr. Wilson can +procure the necessary funds, some £3,000, to pull down the +present ruinous edifice, and erect a structure in its stead more +worthy of the present position of Knightsbridge. Seventy +years ago it was a poor rural hamlet: it is now a wealthy +populous district. Shall its oldest institution not keep +pace with the locality? May it not yet remain “the +Nursing Mother” of its natural and legitimate +district? It is trusted that the authorities in such +matters may apportion it an ecclesiastical district, and thus at +last repair the blunder perpetrated at the various parochial +divisions to which our neighbourhood has been subjected. It +may be argued that this new arrangement is unnecessary; but to an +observer it will have appeared that when in our metropolitan +districts new churches have been built, they have been filled, +and work has been found for their clergy without at all lessening +the congregation or otherwise disturbing to injury the +constitution of the parent parish. We anticipate a similar +result: the present chapel is not nearly large enough for its +congregation; and one has only to visit St. Paul’s to see +that more space is wanted there. “Division of work +makes light labour;” with what greater force will that +apply in spiritual matters. We hope that the history of +this old and useful foundation recorded in this work may so +interest the public that they will at once so add to the +£2,000 collected by Dr. Wilson as to enable him to carry +his praiseworthy design into effect immediately.</p> +<p>The next point is, to the memorial windows of the Church, +mentioned at page <span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page96">96</a></span>, have been added the following, in +memory of the persons here named, one to each:—George +Canning Backhouse, Esq.; Sir Joseph Bailey, Bart.; Arthur Stert, +Esq.; Major-General J. Bucknall Estcourt, Adjutant-General to the +Crimean Army; Captain the Hon. Robert <a name="page281"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 281</span>Hay Drummond, Coldstream Guards, +wounded in the trenches before Sebastopol; Lieutenant Hubert +Greville, Coldstream Guards, killed 5th November, 1854; +Brigadier-General Arthur Wellesley Torrens, K.C.B.; and Captain +Viscount Chewton, Scots Fusiliers. On the whole, the list +of those for whom these are memorials is one of which those +connected with the Church may well be proud—monuments alike +to the illustrious dead and the pious regard of their +survivors.</p> +<p>The third and last addition is relating to the Schools. +They will now, in the course of this year (1859), be at length +housed in buildings fit and proper for the purpose. Since +the original foundation in 1783, this has never been the +case. The new buildings are of a very tasteful design, in +the Early English style. They are built of white Suffolk +bricks, in the form of a cross, with ornamental red brickwork and +Bath-stone windows and dressings. They will have +accommodation for 400 children, although the average attendance +does not exceed, of boys 120, girls 70, infants 90; but +occasionally the numbers are many more, as from their position +(that part of town being half empty greater part of the year) the +attendance is necessarily fluctuating: they are entirely +supported by voluntary contributions and the school-pence. +The education given is on the national system; and if we may +judge from the number of young persons who, having risen to +respectable positions in life, come occasionally to visit their +late instructors, it is not unfruitful of good results. The +estimated cost of the present edifice is £3,000. The +requisite residences of the teachers will be attached thereto so +soon as the subscriptions will allow. The remainder of +their history is told on the parchment enclosed in the +foundation-stone, thus:—“To the glory of God and the +welfare of Christ’s poor in <a name="page282"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 282</span>the communion of his Church in +England, these parochial Schools of St. Paul’s, +Wilton-place, Knightsbridge, are devoted. The first stone +was laid on St. Matthias’ day, in the year of our Lord +1859, by Henry Barnett, Esq., Treasurer of the Schools; Robert +Liddell, Parish Priest; Thomas Cundy, Architect; George Trollope, +Builder.”</p> + +<div class="gapspace"> </div> + +<div class="gapshortline"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center">London: <span class="smcap">Taylor +and Greening</span>, Printers, Graystoke-place, Fetter-lane.</p> +<h2>FOOTNOTES</h2> +<p><a name="footnote0"></a><a href="#citation0" +class="footnote">[0]</a> In this Project Gutenberg eText +the erratum has been applied.—DP.</p> +<p><a name="footnote3"></a><a href="#citation3" +class="footnote">[3]</a> “Memorials of +Westminster,” by Rev. Mackenzie Walcott.</p> +<p><a name="footnote10"></a><a href="#citation10" +class="footnote">[10]</a> See “Paddington: Past and +Present,” p. 22.</p> +<p><a name="footnote11"></a><a href="#citation11" +class="footnote">[11]</a> So the name is written in the +body of the charter still preserved in the British Museum in the +title the name is spelt “<span +class="smcap">Knyghtsbrigg</span>.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote14"></a><a href="#citation14" +class="footnote">[14]</a> See “Statutes of the +Realm,” published by the Record Commissioners.</p> +<p><a name="footnote19"></a><a href="#citation19" +class="footnote">[19]</a> After the death of her first +husband she married John Tregonwell, Esq., but lies in the same +grave with the former, in St. Margaret’s Churchyard, where +a tomb may be still seen to their memory.</p> +<p><a name="footnote24"></a><a href="#citation24" +class="footnote">[24]</a> Faulkner’s Brentford.</p> +<p><a name="footnote25"></a><a href="#citation25" +class="footnote">[25]</a> Dated November 27, 1736. +See Lord Hervey’s Memoirs, edited by Mr. Croker.</p> +<p><a name="footnote26"></a><a href="#citation26" +class="footnote">[26]</a> “Lives of the +Chancellors,” vol. iv., p. 420. See also +Evelyn’s Diary, November 15, 1699, where he complains of +robberies here, even while coaches and travellers are +passing.</p> +<p><a name="footnote27a"></a><a href="#citation27a" +class="footnote">[27a]</a> This year seems to have been +prolific in such cases; the following is taken from the <i>London +Chronicle</i>, December 27, 1774:—Mr. Jackson, of the Court +of Requests, Westminster, was attacked at Kensington Gore, by +four footpads: he shot one dead, and the others decamped.</p> +<p><a name="footnote27b"></a><a href="#citation27b" +class="footnote">[27b]</a> See <i>Morning Chronicle</i>, +May 23, 1799.</p> +<p><a name="footnote30"></a><a href="#citation30" +class="footnote">[30]</a> The last oil-lamp was removed +from Park-side about 1850.</p> +<p><a name="footnote31"></a><a href="#citation31" +class="footnote">[31]</a> See analysis, &c., of these +waters in Dr. Aldis’ Report on Sanitary Condition of this +district, and <i>Builder</i>, October 10, 1856.</p> +<p><a name="footnote35"></a><a href="#citation35" +class="footnote">[35]</a> See “Notes of the Evidence +given against Lord Howard of Escrick, at the Grand +Inquest,” &c., a single sheet, 1681.</p> +<p><a name="footnote39"></a><a href="#citation39" +class="footnote">[39]</a> The flags are preserved in the +United Service Museum, to which institution they were, with +various papers, given by the Major’s son, S. A. Eyre, +Esq. There was a song written in honour of the corps by one +Bradshaw, of which I have only been able to recover the +chorus:—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Then with Major Eyre we’ll go, my +boys,<br /> +Then with Major Eyre we’ll go.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p><a name="footnote52"></a><a href="#citation52" +class="footnote">[52]</a> Additional MSS., No. 5,755, +British Museum.</p> +<p><a name="footnote55"></a><a href="#citation55" +class="footnote">[55]</a> Lysons’ “Environs of +London.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote56"></a><a href="#citation56" +class="footnote">[56]</a> Nichols’ +“Illustrations of the Manners and Expenses of Ancient +Times,” 4to, 1797; in which these accounts are +published.</p> +<p><a name="footnote58a"></a><a href="#citation58a" +class="footnote">[58a]</a> See Bell’s edition of +Butler. Mr. Bell’s doubt as to the existence of the +Lazar-house in the time of the Civil War is, as our extracts +show, unfounded.</p> +<p><a name="footnote58b"></a><a href="#citation58b" +class="footnote">[58b]</a> “Notes and Queries,” +vol. i., p. 260.</p> +<p><a name="footnote60"></a><a href="#citation60" +class="footnote">[60]</a> “Parliamentary Surveys and +Minutes of the Committees,” quoted by Lysons.</p> +<p><a name="footnote62"></a><a href="#citation62" +class="footnote">[62]</a> Emphatic, notwithstanding its bad +Latin.</p> +<p><a name="footnote63a"></a><a href="#citation63a" +class="footnote">[63a]</a> There having been but two +Bishops of London with the Christian name of William, about the +time of any eminence that the Chapel enjoyed, this must have been +one of those two, William Laud or William Juxon; seeing that Laud +licensed its rebuilding, and that his chancellor was so far +interested in it as to give the Paten, I think it may be safely +assumed that the small chalice was presented by the former. +Laud was bishop from 1628 to 1633, when he was translated to +Canterbury, and afterwards beheaded. Juxon succeeded him in +the See of London, 1633 until 1660; he was the prelate present +with Charles I. in his last moments.</p> +<p><a name="footnote63b"></a><a href="#citation63b" +class="footnote">[63b]</a> It was frequently dignified with +the title of church. I have papers by me of 1837, so +describing it.</p> +<p><a name="footnote65"></a><a href="#citation65" +class="footnote">[65]</a> “To forward Mr. +Hervé’s plan for the support of such of the middle +classes of society who have fallen upon evil days, the Rev. Mr. +Harris has lent his chapel at Knightsbridge, where Mr. +Hervé will deliver a lecture on Tuesday morning. . . +. Mr. Harris, perhaps, thinks with us, that the most +acceptable part of religion is that practice which comforts the +afflicted, and benefits the unfortunate; and, if report be true, +Mr. Harris does not confine himself merely to the recommendation +of benevolent actions.”—<i>Examiner</i>, August 30, +1812.</p> +<p><a name="footnote67"></a><a href="#citation67" +class="footnote">[67]</a> Doubtless, when they were in +private hands, they were kept by the clerk’s daughter, in +1819 (see Wilkinson’s <i>Londina Illustrata</i>); the +account of the chapel in this work is very erroneous, but most of +the papers therein published are missing. Dr. Wilson has +the remainder in his custody, and they having lately been +repaired by the author of this work, are likely to last many +years.</p> +<p><a name="footnote78"></a><a href="#citation78" +class="footnote">[78]</a> See Correspondence at the end of +Pepys’ “Diary,” vol. iv., pp. 235, 241, and +242.</p> +<p><a name="footnote86"></a><a href="#citation86" +class="footnote">[86]</a> The entries to which is affixed +an asterisk are not at the Chapel Books now; they have been made +away with since 1819, when they were copied for Wilkinson’s +“Londina.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote87"></a><a href="#citation87" +class="footnote">[87]</a> Thomas Halley was clerk from 1664 +to 1669, when William Hipsley was appointed: in Kensington +register his burial is entered December 2nd, 1689, when Thomas +Hipsley succeeded him. He appears to have been the builder +and carpenter of the place, took great interest in the +Revolution, and in the Wars against Louis XIV., as appears by +some of his memoranda. He was clerk for many years.</p> +<p><a name="footnote88"></a><a href="#citation88" +class="footnote">[88]</a> The last beadle died in 1835, +since when the office has been vacant.</p> +<p><a name="footnote90"></a><a href="#citation90" +class="footnote">[90]</a> Many names still in the locality, +or that have died out within the last half century, are to be +found in these Registers; it may be serviceable to note a +few:—Aley, Arnold, Baber, Beadle, Briscoe, Britten, Burton, +Coppin, Cowell, Cromwell, Danvers, Dexter, Faulkner, Gunter, +Gwin, Hipsley, Lilly, London, Merriman, Morland, Perrin, Pope, +Rouse, Thorowgood, Timberlake, Whitehead, Wise, Woolley. +From their imperfect condition it is useless to attempt a +statistical analysis of the baptisms, but of the marriages I have +made a few notes, as follow:—In 1659 there were 36 +marriages; in 1661, 81; in the half-year ending December 31st, +1665, they had increased to the large number of 335. For +about twelve years they continue very numerous, but in 1696 there +were 394 marriages, two years after the number fell to 155; in +1704 they decreased to 45, and such decrease continued till, in +1747, only five entries are made, in 1751 only <i>one</i>, and in +1752 but <i>two</i>.</p> +<p><a name="footnote92"></a><a href="#citation92" +class="footnote">[92]</a> When the foundation stone was +laid they amounted to about £12,000; among the contributors +were Earl Fitzwilliam, £500; the Earls of Bradford, +Brownlow, Burlington and Winchelsea, Geo. A. Haldimand, J. A. +Smith, and E. J. Shirley, Esqs., each £200; Duke of +Montrose, Marquis Camden, Earl Sefton, Earl Carlisle, Sir J. +Mordaunt, Sir J. Heathcote, T. Cubitt, T. Cundy, Esqs., each +£100; and Geo. Drummond, Esq., £200.</p> +<p><a name="footnote104"></a><a href="#citation104" +class="footnote">[104]</a> This inscription, through +various means, I have traced back nearly a century: another +century makes us contemporary. Would all recollection of +such momentous times die away in that time? The writer of +this spoke to an old man in 1845, who remembered the bells +ringing for the capture of Quebec by Wolfe in 1759.</p> +<p><a name="footnote106"></a><a href="#citation106" +class="footnote">[106]</a> See the Appendix.</p> +<p><a name="footnote109"></a><a href="#citation109" +class="footnote">[109]</a> See for further notices of +Sterling, Carlyle’s “Life of John Sterling;” +and “The Fourth Estate,” by F. K. Hunt.</p> +<p><a name="footnote112a"></a><a href="#citation112a" +class="footnote">[112a]</a> A number of these are in my +possession.</p> +<p><a name="footnote112b"></a><a href="#citation112b" +class="footnote">[112b]</a> There was a very old wooden +gate, opening from the yard at the back into the park; the bodies +of those drowned in the Serpentine were brought in through +it.</p> +<p><a name="footnote114"></a><a href="#citation114" +class="footnote">[114]</a> Afterwards bought by the +well-known Andrew Mann, and placed by him on the top of a public +house at the corner of Warwick Street, Pimlico.</p> +<p><a name="footnote117"></a><a href="#citation117" +class="footnote">[117]</a> See “Gentleman’s +Magazine,” 1810; “Life of Romney,” by his +brother; “Johnsoniana,” &c. Of Part XIV. of +this work Humphry was author.</p> +<p><a name="footnote118"></a><a href="#citation118" +class="footnote">[118]</a> Afterwards called the +“Life Guardsman.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote120a"></a><a href="#citation120a" +class="footnote">[120a]</a> “Letters to Julia,” +by Henry Luttrell.</p> +<p><a name="footnote120b"></a><a href="#citation120b" +class="footnote">[120b]</a> “Year Book,” +1826.</p> +<p><a name="footnote129"></a><a href="#citation129" +class="footnote">[129]</a> “King’s Anecdotes of +His Own Times.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote147"></a><a href="#citation147" +class="footnote">[147]</a> See “Faulkner’s +Kensington,” and “Notes and Queries,” vol. +xii., p. 186.</p> +<p><a name="footnote148"></a><a href="#citation148" +class="footnote">[148]</a> See “Symmons’ Life +of Milton,” 2d edit., 1810, pp. 122–124.</p> +<p><a name="footnote149a"></a><a href="#citation149a" +class="footnote">[149a]</a> Cooke’s Preface to +“Conversation: a Didactic Poem.” 1807.</p> +<p><a name="footnote149b"></a><a href="#citation149b" +class="footnote">[149b]</a> Quoted by Faulkner, +“Hist. Chelsea.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote149c"></a><a href="#citation149c" +class="footnote">[149c]</a> “Journey to +London,” quoted by Mr. Peter Cunningham.</p> +<p><a name="footnote149d"></a><a href="#citation149d" +class="footnote">[149d]</a> “Notes and +Queries,” v. 487.</p> +<p><a name="footnote154"></a><a href="#citation154" +class="footnote">[154]</a> “Belgravia: a Poem.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote157a"></a><a href="#citation157a" +class="footnote">[157a]</a> See “Oxford +Magazine,” for 1770; London and Country magazines, between +1770 and 1774.</p> +<p><a name="footnote157b"></a><a href="#citation157b" +class="footnote">[157b]</a> In the Bankrupt List, <i>London +Gazette</i>, November, 1772, appears the +following:—“Teresa Cornellys, Carlisle House, St. +Ann, Soho, dealer.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote159"></a><a href="#citation159" +class="footnote">[159]</a> I need hardly point out the +allusion. Montpelier is said to be the Cheltenham of +France.</p> +<p><a name="footnote160"></a><a href="#citation160" +class="footnote">[160]</a> See “Monthly +Magazine,” April, 1821; and “Notes and +Queries,” vol. x., p. 228.</p> +<p><a name="footnote161a"></a><a href="#citation161a" +class="footnote">[161a]</a> See “The Virtues of a +Jail.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote161b"></a><a href="#citation161b" +class="footnote">[161b]</a> His experiments were made by an +electrometer of his own construction, which extended several +yards above his house. See <i>Examiner</i>, October 2nd, +1814.</p> +<p><a name="footnote163"></a><a href="#citation163" +class="footnote">[163]</a> “Gate” is a modern +stupidity for a square or terrace. What can be more +unmeaning?</p> +<p><a name="footnote170a"></a><a href="#citation170a" +class="footnote">[170a]</a> For report of her trial, +&c., see “Gentleman’s Magazine,” and +“London Chronicle,” 1776; Ditto, ditto, 1788. +“Walpole’s Letters to Mason” +(“Bentley’s Miscellany,” vol. 33).</p> +<p><a name="footnote170b"></a><a href="#citation170b" +class="footnote">[170b]</a> See Creasy’s +“Eminent Etonians.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote170c"></a><a href="#citation170c" +class="footnote">[170c]</a> Kingston House is now sometimes +called Ennismore House, from the second title of Lord +Listowel. It is generally considered the termination of +Knightsbridge in this direction. In old directories it is +described as No. 3, Knightsbridge.</p> +<p><a name="footnote172"></a><a href="#citation172" +class="footnote">[172]</a> See “London +Chronicle,” June 22nd, 1784.</p> +<p><a name="footnote175"></a><a href="#citation175" +class="footnote">[175]</a> Life of Arthur Murphy, by Jesse +Foote; Madame D’Arblay’s Diary, &c.</p> +<p><a name="footnote177"></a><a href="#citation177" +class="footnote">[177]</a> The following are from +newspapers:—“Births, Sep. 28. The lady of the +Marquis of Granby, of a daughter, at Rutland House, +Knightsbridge.” 1772.</p> +<p>“On Friday night the Marquis of Granby arrived at the +seat of his grandfather, the Duke of Rutland, at Knightsbridge, +from making the tour of France and +Holland.”—<i>London Chronicle</i>, July 5, 1774.</p> +<p>“Died yesterday at Rutland House, Knightsbridge, Lord +William Robert Manners, youngest brother of the Duke of +Rutland.” 1793.</p> +<p><a name="footnote180"></a><a href="#citation180" +class="footnote">[180]</a> Timbs’ “Curiosities +of London.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote198"></a><a href="#citation198" +class="footnote">[198]</a> The writer in +“Knight’s London” fixes the opening of +Tattersall’s about 1779, but it was earlier.—See +<i>Morning Post</i>, August 23rd, 1775.</p> +<p><a name="footnote200"></a><a href="#citation200" +class="footnote">[200]</a> Walcott’s “Memorials +of Westminster,” Appendix. 2nd edition.</p> +<p><a name="footnote201"></a><a href="#citation201" +class="footnote">[201]</a> See “Macaulay’s +History of England,” i., 512.</p> +<p><a name="footnote203"></a><a href="#citation203" +class="footnote">[203]</a> See “Macaulay’s +History;” “A Collection of the Debates Concerning the +late Briberies and Corrupt Practices,” 1695; +“Manning’s Lives of the Speakers,” &c.</p> +<p><a name="footnote209"></a><a href="#citation209" +class="footnote">[209]</a> See “Journal to +Stella,” Jan. 2nd and Feb. 4th, 1711; also Feb. 12th and +15th, 1713.</p> +<p><a name="footnote211"></a><a href="#citation211" +class="footnote">[211]</a> Lyson’s “Environs of +London.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote214"></a><a href="#citation214" +class="footnote">[214]</a> In Kensington register are the +following entries:—</p> +<blockquote><p>1665. “Robert Southwell, of Whitehall, +Esq., and Mrs. Elizabeth Dering, daughter of Sir Edward Dering, +of Surrenden, Kent, married by Seth Ward, Lord Bishop of Exeter, +26th January.”</p> +<p>1686. (Buried.) “John Humfreys, servant to the +Right Rev. Seth, Bishop of Salisbury, at Knightsbridge, 2nd +December.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p><a name="footnote220"></a><a href="#citation220" +class="footnote">[220]</a> See “Faulkner’s +Chelsea,” vol. i., p. 44.</p> +<p><a name="footnote221"></a><a href="#citation221" +class="footnote">[221]</a> “Read’s Journal,” +May 24, 1753; see also “Faulkner’s +Chelsea.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote227"></a><a href="#citation227" +class="footnote">[227]</a> Lady Chatterton, “Home +Sketches,” vol. ii. p. 280.</p> +<p><a name="footnote232"></a><a href="#citation232" +class="footnote">[232]</a> See “Haydon’s +Diary,” November 14, 1837. Also vol. iii, p. 77.</p> +<p><a name="footnote243"></a><a href="#citation243" +class="footnote">[243]</a> See “Autobiography of +William Jerdan,” vol. ii., pp. 282–284.</p> +<p><a name="footnote245a"></a><a href="#citation245a" +class="footnote">[245a]</a> “Cunningham’s +Handbook of London.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote245b"></a><a href="#citation245b" +class="footnote">[245b]</a> “Gentleman’s +Magazine,” 1856.</p> +<p><a name="footnote245c"></a><a href="#citation245c" +class="footnote">[245c]</a> See “Notes and +Queries,” vol. i., p. 474.</p> +<p><a name="footnote246"></a><a href="#citation246" +class="footnote">[246]</a> See Ben Jonson’s +“Bartholomew Fair;” Greene’s “Tu +Quoque;” “The City Madam;” “The Devil is +an Ass;” “The City Match,” &c. &c.</p> +<p><a name="footnote248"></a><a href="#citation248" +class="footnote">[248]</a> There was one at Bankside; also +places so named are to be found in Yorkshire, Lancashire, and +Cudham in Kent.</p> +<p><a name="footnote257"></a><a href="#citation257" +class="footnote">[257]</a> In 1755, a 4to satirical tract +was published, entitled “Jenny’s Whim; or, a Sure +Guide to the Nobility, Gentry, and other Eminent Persons in this +Metropolis.”</p> +<p><a name="footnote269"></a><a href="#citation269" +class="footnote">[269]</a> Letter of Mr. R. W. Mylne in the +<i>Times</i>, June 7, 1857.</p> +<p><a name="footnote270"></a><a href="#citation270" +class="footnote">[270]</a> See Dr. Aldis’s +“Report on Sanitary Works in Belgravia;” +“Letter to the Vestry of St. George,” &c.</p> +<p><a name="footnote273"></a><a href="#citation273" +class="footnote">[273]</a> See the Appendix.</p> +<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MEMORIALS OF THE HAMLET OF +KNIGHTSBRIDGE***</p> +<pre> + + +***** This file should be named 45695-h.htm or 45695-h.zip****** + + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/4/5/6/9/45695 + + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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