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+The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Memorials of the Hamlet of Knightsbridge,
+by Henry George Davis, Edited by Charles Davis
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: The Memorials of the Hamlet of Knightsbridge
+       with Notices of its Immediate Neighbourhood
+
+
+Author: Henry George Davis
+
+Editor: Charles Davis
+
+Release Date: May 19, 2014  [eBook #45695]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MEMORIALS OF THE HAMLET OF
+KNIGHTSBRIDGE***
+
+
+Transcribed from the 1856 J. Russell Smith edition by David Price, email
+ccx074@pglaf.org.  Many thanks to Royal Kensington Libraries for allowing
+their copy to be used for this transcription.
+
+             [Picture: Knightsbridge—The site of Albert Gate]
+
+
+
+
+
+                                   THE
+                         MEMORIALS OF THE HAMLET
+                                    OF
+                              KNIGHTSBRIDGE.
+
+
+               With Notices of its Immediate Neighbourhood.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                               BY THE LATE
+
+                           HENRY GEORGE DAVIS.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                EDITED BY
+
+                              CHARLES DAVIS.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                 LONDON:
+
+               PUBLISHED BY J. RUSSELL SMITH, SOHO-SQUARE;
+
+      AND TO BE HAD OF MR. DAVIS, ST. PAUL’S SCHOOLS, KNIGHTSBRIDGE.
+
+                                  1859.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                 LONDON:
+             TAYLOR AND GREENING, PRINTERS, GRAYSTOKE-PLACE,
+                          FETTER-LANE, HOLBORN.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+IN presenting the MEMORIALS OF KNIGHTSBRIDGE to the public, apology must
+be made for the delay in its appearance since the announcement of its
+intended publication.  This was occasioned by the sudden and protracted
+illness of its Editor: since his restoration, he has prosecuted the work
+with all the diligence which his time permitted.
+
+The book is published in the hope that its critics may treat its Author
+kindly, since the brain that indited it is, alas! no more.  It is the
+result of great assiduity and perseverance amidst peculiar difficulties,
+and was only completed just before the death of the compiler, who,
+towards its close, had laboured at it with greater energy than his
+weakened frame ought properly to have borne.
+
+The immediate motive for publication was the Editor’s regard, it might
+almost be termed veneration, for its writer, seconded by favourable
+opinions expressed by several literary gentlemen who perused the
+manuscript, and knowledge that many notices by the same hand had already
+appeared in “Notes and Queries,” “The West Middlesex Advertiser,” and the
+various local papers that have occasionally been published in the
+neighbourhood.
+
+The work was written from notes made at various times, some having been
+taken when its author was yet a boy.  It may therefore be described as
+the labour of his short and painful life; and it was felt that so long as
+the result of his application was laid aside, so long did the Editor’s
+duty to his brother remain unperformed.
+
+As some little notice of our historian may be desirable, the following
+sketch is subjoined:—
+
+Henry George Davis was born at 4, Mill’s Buildings, on August 14th, 1830.
+While an infant he had severe inflammation of the lungs, which afterwards
+became confirmed pleurisy.  He was educated at the Philological School in
+the New Road.  Of this Institution he was to the last fond and proud.
+Having carried off many of its prizes, he always felt an identity with
+it.  He was of a studious inclination—a disposition doubtless fostered by
+his infirmities; for he was never able to join in the sports of his
+fellows.  As he arrived at manhood, his disease (increased in 1850 by
+rheumatic fever) became much more severe, and finally released his soul
+“to its Almighty source” on the 30th of December, 1857.
+
+The Editor has to acknowledge obligations to O. B. Cole, Esq.; to the
+author of “Paddington, Past and Present;” to the Rev. M. Walcot, of “The
+Memorials of Westminster;” Mr. Cunningham, of “The Handbook of London;”
+Mr. Faulkner’s works; and to those sundry publications the name of which
+is given with each quotation.  He hopes his readers may have that
+enjoyment in the perusal of the following History which was had in the
+providing of it for them.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+_St. Paul’s Schools_, _Knightsbridge_, _June_, 1859.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+                                                                  PAGE
+     CHAP. I.  Introduction                                          1
+    CHAP. II.  Historical Associations                              32
+   CHAP. III.  Modern Parochial Divisions: The Streets,             48
+               Public Buildings, &c.  Their Associations,
+               Eminent Inhabitants, &c.
+    CHAP. IV.  Belgravia                                           216
+     CHAP. V.  The Sub-District of St. Barnabas                    244
+    CHAP. VI.  Social and Political Summary                        267
+
+PERSONS.
+
+                                            PAGE
+Allen, John                                  181
+Bennett, Rev. W. J. E.                        97
+Bensley, Richard                             207
+Birkhead Family                               88
+Blessington, Lady                            138
+Bellamy, G. A.                               215
+Bernal, Ralph                                230
+Bowles, Carrington                           143
+Broughton, Dr.                               228
+Buckingham, Anecdote of Duke of               27
+Burton, Judge                          115 & 185
+Carlisle, Frederick Earl of                  233
+Caulfield, General                           229
+Chardin, Sir John                            215
+Cheselden, Mr.                               182
+Chudleigh, Miss                              164
+Clarendon, Hyde, Earl of                     223
+Clarke, Mrs.                                 265
+Corbaux, Miss                                266
+Cornellys, Mrs.                              156
+Cromwell, Family of                           75
+Danvers, Family of                            82
+Derwentwater, Countess of                     82
+De Dunstanville, Lord                        110
+D’Oliveyra, Francis Xavier                   210
+D’Orsay, Count                               141
+Duncan, Sir H.                               229
+Egremont, Lord                               232
+Every, John                                   81
+Eyre, Major Robert                            37
+Foote, Anecdote of                           168
+Gamble, Rev. J.                              107
+Gardiner, Sir R.                             229
+Gascoigne, Mrs.                              154
+George IV., Anecdote of                      236
+Grant, General Sir W. K.                     227
+Guthrie, Mr.                                 266
+Harness, Rev. W.                             100
+Harrison, Thomas                             207
+Hawke, Honourable Miss                       228
+Higgins, Mr. M. J.                           153
+Howard of Escrick, Lord                       34
+Howard, Major                                234
+Humphry, Ozias                               115
+Humphrey, Sir William                         82
+Hunter, John                                 182
+Inchbald, Mrs., Anecdote of                  135
+Jones, Gentleman                             227
+Lanesborough, Lord                           180
+Laremar, William                             186
+Lenthall, Sir John                            75
+Lens, Bernard                                210
+Lewis, Sir G. C.                             110
+Lewis, Lady Theresa                          110
+Lewis, William Thomas                        265
+Liddell, Hon. and Rev. R.                     97
+Liston, John                                 188
+Liston, Mrs.                                 196
+Louis Napoleon                               139
+Madan, Rev. M.                               238
+Maitland, Sir P.                             229
+Marsh, Charles                               110
+Marshall, J.                                 215
+Miller, Robert                               210
+Milner, Isaac                                138
+Molesworth, Sir W.                           229
+Morgan, Lady                                 205
+Morgann, Maurice                             147
+Morland, Sir Samuel                           77
+Morison, Dr.                                 200
+Munster, Earl of                             242
+Murphy, Arthur                               172
+Nell Gwynne                                  258
+Orrery, Countess of                          211
+Ossory, Lady                                 234
+Penn, William                                214
+Pennington, Rev. Thos.                       263
+Pettigrew, Dr. W. V.                         228
+Pickett, William                             188
+Read, John                                   161
+Reynolds, Sir Joshua                         112
+Richmond, Rev. Legh                    226 & 240
+Rodwell, H.                            191 & 264
+Rutland, John, Duke of                       177
+Ryland, W. W.                                171
+Skelton, William                             264
+Soyer, Mons.                                 142
+Stirling, E.                                 107
+Telfair, Cortez and James                    146
+Thornton, Henry                              137
+Thornton, James                              257
+Trevor, Sir John                             200
+Trotter, Thomas                              177
+Troubridge, Sir T.                           229
+Tytler, P. F.                                 97
+Underwood, Dr. M.                            177
+Vandervelde, Cornelius                        80
+Villiers, Hon. George                        109
+Wakefield, Edward                            215
+Walcot, Rev. M.                              100
+Walpole, Robert                               81
+Ward, Seth                                   211
+Warner, Captain                              253
+Wellesley, Marquis of                        170
+Wellington, Anecdote of Duke of              187
+Wilberforce, William                   137 & 241
+Wilkes, John                                 136
+Wilkie, Note on                              258
+Wright, Dr. Richard                          215
+Yarmouth, Countess of                        215
+
+PLACES.
+
+Albert Gate                                     100
+All Saints’ Church                               98
+Avery Farm Row                                  252
+Baber’s Floor-cloth Factory                     106
+Belgravia                                       216
+Belgrave Chapel                                 237
+Belgrave Square                                 224
+Belgrave Street, Upper                          242
+Blomfield Terrace                               253
+Bridge, The                                      20
+Brompton Park Nursery                           132
+Brompton Road                                   103
+Cake House, The                                 121
+Cannon Brewhouse, The                           113
+Cavalry Barracks                                118
+Chapel Street                                   226
+Chatham House                                   103
+Chelsea Bun House                               259
+Chesham Place and Street                        228
+Chester Street                                  228
+College of St. Barnabas                         250
+Commercial Road, The                            253
+Compasses, The                                  263
+Downing’s Floor-cloth Factory                   158
+Dwarf, The                                      264
+Eaton Place                                     228
+Eaton Place West                                229
+Eaton Square                                    230
+Eden Lodge                                      135
+Ennismore Place and Terrace                     103
+Feathers, The                                   235
+Five Fields, The                                219
+Fort at Hyde Park Corner                        127
+Fox and Bull, The                               111
+Gore House                                      136
+Graham Street                                   257
+Grosvenor Canal                                 249
+Grosvenor Crescent                              231
+Grosvenor House                                 146
+Grosvenor Place                            218, 232
+Grosvenor Row                                   257
+Grove House                                     143
+Half-Way House                                  179
+Halkin Street                                   237
+Halkin Street West                              237
+Hamilton Lodge                                  136
+High Road                                       103
+High Row                                        111
+Hospital for Soldiers                           235
+Hospital, the Lock                              238
+Hyde Park                                       118
+Hyde Park Corner                                125
+Infantry Barracks                               187
+Jenny’s Whim                                    253
+Jenny’s Whim Bridge                             253
+Kensington Gore                                 131
+Kent House                                      109
+Kingston House                                  164
+Kinnerton Street                                144
+Knightsbridge Green                             144
+Knightsbridge Grove                             156
+Knightsbridge Schools                            91
+Knightsbridge Terrace                           146
+Lanesborough House                              180
+Lazar House                                      52
+Lock Chapel                                     241
+Lock Hospital                                   238
+Lowndes Square                                  149
+Lowndes Street                                  242
+Lowndes Terrace                                 155
+Marble Arch, The                                123
+Mercer Lodge                                    135
+Mills’ Buildings                                117
+Montpelier Square                               159
+New Street                                      159
+Osnaburg Row                                    242
+Park House                                      134
+Park Side                                       160
+Prince’s Gate                                   163
+Queen’s Buildings                               170
+Queen’s Head, The                               163
+Queen’s Row                                     171
+Ranelagh Grove                                  263
+Ranelagh Terrace                                263
+Receiving House, Royal Humane Society           121
+Ring in Hyde Park, The                          122
+Rising Sun, The                                 106
+Rose and Crown, The                             104
+Rotten Row                                      125
+Rutland Gate                                    178
+Rutland House                                   177
+St. Barnabas College                            250
+St. George’s Hospital                           180
+St. George’s Place                              185
+St. Paul’s Church                                92
+„ „ Appendix                                    280
+St. Paul’s Schools, Append.                     281
+St. Peter’s Church                              231
+Serpentine, The                                 120
+South Place                                     106
+Spring Gardens                                  149
+Star and Garter, The                            264
+Statue of Achilles, The                         124
+Stratheden House                                110
+Stromboli House                                 263
+Swan, The                                       176
+Tattersall’s                                    197
+Trevor Chapel                                   200
+Trevor Square                                   199
+Trevor Terrace                                  106
+Trinity Chapel                                   51
+Trinity Chapel (Appendix)                       279
+Upper Belgrave Street                           242
+Upper Ebury Street                              264
+Westbourne, The                                  21
+Westbourne Place                                265
+Westbourne Street                               266
+White Hart, The                                 163
+White House, The                                250
+William Street                                  205
+Wilton Crescent                                 206
+Wilton Place                                    206
+Wilton Street                                   243
+York Hospital, The                              266
+
+MISCELLANEOUS.
+
+                                                                PAGE
+Act for Building Albert Gate (Appendix)                          277
+Address to Liston by Rodwell                                     191
+Anecdote connected with the Duke of Wellington                   187
+Assassination, Intended, of William III.                          36
+Bad State of the Roads                                            24
+Boscobel Oak, Trees from                                         130
+Cattle ordered to be Slaughtered at Knightsbridge                 33
+Churchwardens of St. Paul’s                                       97
+Club at the Fox and Bull                                         112
+Cromwell Tradition, The (Appendix)                               275
+Cross-road Burial, The last                                      237
+Dangers of the Five Fields                                       220
+Derivation of Name                                                 2
+Description of Communion-plate at Chapel                          62
+Discovery of Curious Relics                               34 and 153
+Discovery of Human Remains at Fox and Bull                       113
+Duel between Hamilton and Mohun                                  122
+Enlargement of the Chapel                                         61
+Establishments similar to Lazar House                             58
+Extracts from the Chapel Accounts                                 85
+Extracts, Curious, from Chapel Baptismal Registrars               70
+Extracts, Curious, from Chapel Marriage Registrars         69 and 73
+Geology of Knightsbridge                                         269
+Government of Knightsbridge                                      271
+Grant to Lazar House by James I.                                  52
+Historical Anecdotes of Hyde Park Corner                         126
+Impromptu on Gore House                                          138
+Innkeepers of Knightsbridge                                       27
+Knightsbridge Volunteers                                          37
+Knightsbridge a Family Name (Appendix)                           275
+Letter to Liston by Mathews, and reply                   193 and 194
+Letter to Earl Bathurst by Sheriff Waithman                       41
+Local Family Names                                                90
+Manor and Parochial Divisions                               4 and 48
+Marriage Statistics of Knightsbridge Chapel                       90
+Ministers of Knightsbridge Chapel                                 63
+Olden Time, The                                                   23
+Parochial Divisions                                               49
+Patients discharged from Lazar House                              56
+Perambulation Festivities                                         50
+Pimlico, Origin of Name of                                       245
+Population of Knightsbridge                                      268
+Reminiscence of the Compiler (Note)                              104
+  Ditto of Shelley’s first Wife                                  112
+Reputation of the Chapel for Suspicious Marriages                 68
+Restoration of Knightsbridge Chapel                        58 and 61
+Reviews in Hyde Park                                             119
+Riots at Knightsbridge                                            40
+Salubrity of Knightsbridge                                       269
+State Visits to French Embassy                                   102
+Tradition of Cæsar Crossing the Thames                           250
+Trees from the Boscobel Oak                                      130
+Water Supply                                                      30
+Wyatt’s Insurrection Quelled                                      33
+William III., Intended Assassination of                           36
+
+ILLUSTRATIONS.
+
+                                                              PAGE
+Knightsbridge, the Site of Albert Gate              _Frontispiece_
+The Westbourne, from the Park                                   22
+Colours of the Knightsbridge Volunteers                         39
+Trinity Chapel                                                  62
+St. Paul’s Church                                               94
+The Westbourne, looking north from Knightsbridge               101
+The Cake House                                                 122
+Fort at Hyde Park Corner                                       128
+Oak planted by Charles II.                                     130
+Hyde Park Corner, 1824                                         131
+Queen’s Buildings                                              172
+Half-Way House                                                 179
+Lanesborough House                                             181
+The Lock Hospital                                              238
+Lock Chapel                                                    241
+
+ERRATUM
+
+
+Page 235, line 19, for “Grosvenor Row” read “Grosvenor Place.” {0}
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER I.
+
+
+    “Instructed by the Antiquary Times,
+    We are, we must, we cannot but be wise.”
+
+                                                               SHAKSPEARE.
+
+KNIGHTSBRIDGE and Pimlico form the only suburbs west of the metropolis,
+whose history remains unwritten.  This neglect, perhaps, is owing to the
+fact that neither place, till of late, assumed sufficient importance to
+attract the topographical writer; nevertheless, I trust the following
+pages will show that Knightsbridge is far from destitute of associations
+deserving to be recovered and saved from the ravages of time.
+
+The derivation of its name is somewhat obscure: the earliest mention of
+the place I am acquainted with occurs in a charter of Edward the
+Confessor, in which it is called KYNGESBYRIG; in one of Abbot Herbert of
+Westminster, nearly a century later, it is spelt KNYGHTSBRIGG.  It is
+similarly written in the thirty-fifth year of the reign of Edward III.
+The difficulty lies in the transposition from “Kyngesbyrig” to
+“Knyghtsbrigg.”  The former sufficiently indicates its origin; and to
+avoid perplexity tradition comes opportunely to our aid, to point out the
+latent allusion in the latter.
+
+Knightsbridge, of course, must have its legend.  No place in the kingdom
+exists but must have some story to tell; and if it cannot show a castle
+built by Cæsar, and battered down by Cromwell, recourse must be had
+elsewhere for such.  Well, then, our legend tells, that in some ancient
+time certain knights had occasion to go from London to wage war for some
+holy purpose: light in heart, if heavy in arms, they passed through
+Knightsbridge on their way to receive the blessing awarded to the
+faithful by the Bishop at Fulham.  From some cause, however, a quarrel
+ensued between two of the band, and a combat was determined on to decide
+the dispute.  They fought on the bridge which spanned the stream, while
+from its banks the struggle was watched by their partisans.  Both, the
+legend tells, fell; and ever after the place was called KNIGHTSBRIDGE, in
+remembrance of their fatal feud.
+
+If this old story, which I many times have heard related, has tempted us
+into the realms of fancy for awhile, another derivation of a totally
+opposite kind will speedily drive us therefrom; according to this, the
+name comes from the word “Neat,” signifying cattle, and refers to a time
+when beasts for the London citizens were ordered to be slain here.
+
+And, again, a commentator of Norden, the topographer, gives the following
+anecdote, which it has been thought may account for the
+name:—“Kingesbridge, commonly called Stonebridge, near Hyde Park Corner,
+where I wish no true man to walk too late without good guard, as did Sir
+H. Knyvett, Knight, who valiantly defended himself, there being
+assaulted, and slew the master-thief with his own hands.” {3}
+
+Against these two proposed derivations, however, it must be answered that
+the place was called “KNYGHTSBRIGG” in Herbert’s charter long before the
+time to which either of these circumstances apply.  Edward the Confessor
+owned lands here, and probably built a bridge for the convenience of
+those monks to whom he devised a part of them; hence the name
+KINGSBRIDGE.  Having nothing recorded whereby we can account for the
+change to KNIGHTSBRIDGE, we can only surmise that it was caused by
+corruption of the name, or that there may be some foundation, other than
+the story of the brave Knyvett, for the legend I have related.
+
+
+
+THE MANOR AND PAROCHIAL DIVISIONS.
+
+
+The land constituting this district appears to have belonged originally
+to King Edward the Confessor.  There is, in the British Museum, a charter
+still preserved, a translation of which was printed by Mr. Faulkner, in
+which, giving to the church at Westminster the manor of Cealchyth
+(Chelsea), with various emoluments and privileges, the charter
+proceeds—“Besides, together with this manor, every third tree, and every
+horse load of fruits, grown in the neighbouring wood at KYNGESBYRIG,
+which, as in ancient times, was confirmed by law.”  This is the earliest
+mention of Knightsbridge recorded; the land referred to is now occupied
+by Lowndes-square and its neighbourhood.
+
+Knightsbridge is not mentioned in Doomsday Book, neither is Westbourn,
+Hyde, nor Paddington; and it is most likely that the returns for these
+places are given with the surrounding manors of Eia, Chelchith,
+Lilestone, &c.  Eia was confirmed to the Abbey of Westminster by William
+the Conqueror, and included the land between the Tyburn on the east, the
+Westbourn on the west, the great military road (Oxford-street) on the
+north, and the Thames on the south.  Yet, although given thus early to
+the Abbey, it was not included in the franchise of the city of
+Westminster, notwithstanding Knightsbridge, which chiefly lay beyond it,
+was so included; for, in 1222, a dispute having arisen between the Bishop
+of London and the Abbot of Westminster, respecting their ecclesiastical
+jurisdiction, it was referred to Stephen Langton, Archbishop of
+Canterbury, the Bishops of Winchester and Salisbury, and the Priors of
+Merton and Dunstable; and they decided that the Tyburn stream was the
+limit of St. Margaret’s parish westward; adding, however, that, “beyond
+these bounds the districts of Knightsbridge, Westbourn, Padyngton with
+its chapel, and their appurtenances, belong to the parish of St. Margaret
+aforesaid.”  Part of Knightsbridge still belongs to St. Margaret’s, and
+it is most probable that some great proprietor living in that parish
+owned lands here, and hence, in old assessments, such became to be
+reckoned component parts of the parish.
+
+In the Confessor’s charter the mention of “the wood at Kyngesbyrig”
+gives, I consider, an index to what the state of the place was then.  It
+doubtless formed a portion of the great forest which Fitzstephen
+describes as belting the metropolis.  It owned no lord, and the few
+inhabitants enjoyed free chase and other rights in it.  In 1218 it was
+disafforested by order of Henry III., whom we afterwards find owned lands
+here; and in the reign of his son, Edward I., Knightsbridge, according to
+Lysons, is mentioned as a manor of the Abbey.
+
+The monks of Westminster gradually acquired other lands here, additional
+to those granted by the Confessor.  At Westbourn also they had lands, as
+the decree of 1222 proves; how possession of them was gained is not,
+however, known.  These properties the monks erected into a manor, called
+“The Manor of KNIGHTSBRIDGE and WESTBOURN;” and by such name it is still
+known.  The whole of the isolated part of St. Margaret’s, including a
+part of Kensington, its palace and gardens, are included in the manor of
+Knightsbridge.
+
+That there was a suspicion of the integrity of the monks’ proceedings,
+however, we have proof in the fact that, in the twenty-second year of the
+reign of Edward I. (1294–5), a writ of _Quo Warranto_ was issued to Abbot
+Walter of Wenlock, to inquire “by what authority he claimed to hold the
+Pleas of the Crown, to have free warren, a market, a fair, toll, a
+gallows, the chattels of persons condemned, and of runaways, the right of
+imprisonment,” and various other similar privileges, as well as “the
+appointment of coroner in Eye, Knythbrigg, Chelcheheth, Braynford,
+Padyngton, Hamstede, and Westburn,” &c.; to which he answered, that these
+places were “members” of the town of Westminster, and that King Henry
+III. had granted to God and the church of St. Peter of Westminster, and
+the monks therein, all his tenements, and had commanded that they hold
+them with all their liberties and free customs, &c.; and he produced the
+charter proving the same.
+
+Such was the reply of Abbot Walter of Wenlock, who appears, however, to
+have been by no means over chary of the ways by which he could bring
+wealth to his abbey; for we find that, in the twelfth year of Edward II.,
+his successor, Richard de Kedyngton, was fined ten pounds because he
+(Abbot Walter) had appropriated lay fees in Knythbrigg, Padyngton, Eye,
+and Westbourne, without licence of the king.  We also find that in the
+same reign two inquisitions were held to ascertain what, if any, injury
+the king would sustain if certain properties were allowed the Abbey:—
+
+             INQUISITIO AD QUOD DAMNUM 9: EDW. II., No. 105.
+                                MIDDLESEX.
+
+    “Inquisition made before the Escheator of the Lord the King at the
+    church of St. Mary Atte Stronde, on Thursday next, after the Feast of
+    the Assumption of the Blessed Mary, in the ninth year of the reign of
+    King Edward, by the Oath of Robert de Aldenham, Alexander de Rogate,
+    Nicholas de Curtlyng, John de la Hyde, Walter Fraunceis, William de
+    Padinton, Hugh le Arderne, William Est, Arnold le Frutier, Simon le
+    Brewere, Roger de Malthous, and Roger le Marshall, junior—who say,
+    upon their oath, that Walter de Wenlock, lately Abbot of Westminster,
+    had acquired to himself and his House one messuage with appurtenances
+    in Knygthebregge of William le Smyth of Knygthebregge, and four acres
+    of land there of William Brisel and Asseline his wife, and nine acres
+    of land there of William Hond, and twelve acres of land in Padinton
+    of William de Padington, and three and a-half acres in Eye of Hugh le
+    Bakere of Eye, and thirteen acres of land in Westbourn of John le
+    Taillour, and eleven acres of land there of Matilda Arnold, and two
+    acres of land there of Juliana Baysebolle, after the publication of
+    the statute edited concerning the nonplacing of lands in Mortmain and
+    not before.  And they say that it is not to the damage nor prejudice
+    of the Lord the King, nor of others, if the King grant to the Prior
+    and Convent of Westminster, that the Abbots of that place, for the
+    time being, may recover and hold the aforesaid messuages and land to
+    them and their successors for ever.  And they say that the aforesaid
+    messuage is held of the said Abbot and Convent by service of a yearly
+    rent of sixpence, and of performing suit at the Court of the said
+    Abbot and Convent, and of finding one man for ten half-days to mow
+    the Lord’s meadow, price fifteen-pence; and one man for ten half-days
+    to hoe the Lord’s corn, price tenpence; and of doing seven
+    ploughings, price three shillings and sixpence; and of finding one
+    man for ten half-days to reap the Lord’s corn, price fifteen-pence;
+    and of making seven carriages to carry the Lord’s hay, price three
+    shillings and sixpence; and performing suit at the Court of the said
+    Abbot from three weeks to three weeks.  And they say that the
+    aforesaid fifty-four acres and a-half of land are worth by the year,
+    in all issues over and above the aforesaid services, nineteen
+    shillings and sixpence.  In witness of which thing the aforesaid
+    jurors have set their seals to this inquisition.”
+
+Endorsed twenty shillings and sixpence. {10}
+
+This sum due to the king and paid to him, shows that he still retained
+some right or other over the lands mentioned.  But this inquest does not
+seem to have given satisfaction to all, for three years after, another
+was held before the king’s escheator and a jury, concerning the same
+lands; the return was, however, in the main similar to that of the first
+inquiry, a fine of ten pounds being thereupon paid to the king.
+
+But as early as the reign of Henry I. some lands at Knightsbridge
+belonging to the Abbey had been aliened from it—one Godwin, a hermit at
+Kilburn, having given his hermitage there to three nuns; Abbot Herbert
+not only confirmed the grant, but augmented it with lands at
+Cnightebriga, {11} and a rent of thirty shillings.  The charter states
+the land to be granted with the consent of the whole “chapter and
+council,” to the holy virgins of St. John the Baptist, at Kilburn, for
+the repose of the soul of King Edward, founder of the Abbey, “and for the
+souls of all their brethren and benefactors.”
+
+The next mention of this place occurs in a record dated 1270 (54 Henry
+III.), when an inquisition was held to ascertain whether two acres of
+land, &c., at “KINGESGOR between Knytesbrigg and Kensington” were of the
+ancient demesne of the Crown or of escheat, its extent, value, &c.  The
+jury returned that the land was of the ancient demesne of the Crown, and
+not of escheat, that it contained three acres, of which the Sheriffs of
+Middlesex had received the issues, and was worth by the acre twelve-pence
+per annum, and that such land belonged to the farm of the city of London.
+
+Part of the Hamlet of Knightsbridge was within the manor of Eia, the
+boundaries of which I have described.  It included, with others, all the
+lands now forming the parish of St. George, Hanover-square, and was given
+to the Abbey, in 1102, by Geoffry de Mandeville, in consideration of the
+privilege allowed him of the burial of his wife Athelais in the cloisters
+of the Abbey.  In Doomsday Book it answers for ten hides, but was
+afterwards divided into the three manors of Neyte, Eybury, and Hyde.
+Neyte is mentioned as early as 1342 in a commission of sewers, and was
+near the Thames; Hyde, with lands taken from Knightsbridge, afterwards
+formed Hyde Park.  All these manors were enjoyed by the Abbey till the
+Reformation, and at that tremendous crisis they reverted to the king.
+
+In the account rendered to the king by the ministers appointed to receive
+the revenues of the religious houses on their dissolution, the value of
+the manor of Knightsbridge and Westbourn is thus given:—
+
+                                                   £     s.     d.
+Knyghtsbrydge et Westborne          Firm’ Terr’      2      6      8
+Knyghtebrydge, Kensyngton, et       Firm’            5     14     11
+Westbourne
+                                    Pquis Cur        0      6     4½
+
+In the “Monasticon Anglicanum,” vol. i., p. 326, it is thus entered:—
+
+                                                    £      s.     d.
+Maniu de Knyghtebridge et Westbourne Firm’ Terr’      2       6      8
+Westborne, Knightsbridge, et Kensington, Man          5     14c     11
+Redd et Firm
+  Pquis Cur                                                   6     8½
+
+Kilburn Priory was returned as of the value of seventy-four pounds, seven
+shillings, and eleven-pence; and by the provisions of 27 Henry VIII.,
+chap. 28, all its possessions went to the king.  By an act passed in the
+next session (28 Henry VIII., c. 38) its lands were exchanged by the king
+with Sir William Weston, Prior of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem,
+for his manor of Paris Garden, Southwark.  This act recites the indenture
+relating to this exchange, describing the property very fully. {14}
+After specifying the site of the priory, the Act proceeds—“and all other
+the demayne londes of the sayde late Pryory lyeing and beying in Kylborne
+aforesayde, Hamstede, Padyngton, and _Westborn_, in the sayde countie;”
+“the hedge rowes rounde aboute Gorefeld and Goremede” are stated as
+“conteyning, by estimacon, xj acres and a half acre, and xxti rodes,” &c.
+
+The manors of Eybury, Neyte, and Hyde, were, with other Abbey lands,
+exchanged with the king for the dissolved Priory of Hurley, Berkshire,
+and the exchange was confirmed by Act of Parliament 28 Henry VIII., c.
+49.
+
+In the _Valor Ecclesiasticus_, taken by command of King Henry VIII. in
+1535, the following entries relating to these manors also appear:—
+
+    “Repris ex offic Sacrist dei Monasterii
+       Reddit’ resolut’ videlt
+    Manerio de Eybury p. iijlz acr’ terr in Eyfelde per
+                   annum iiij.”
+
+    “Repris’ ex offic Novi opis
+                Midd
+
+    Reddit’ resolut’ annuat’ de divs terr et tenements predict videlt.
+
+                                                 £      s.       d.
+Prioresse de Kilborne exeunt de                                    xvj
+Manerio de Eybery exeunt de                                         xv
+Cust capelle b~te Marie monaster predict p                  x       xj
+divs terris apud Knightsbridge
+Et manerio de Ebery pro manerio de Hide               vij
+“Repris ex offic sellarar                                xiii     iiij
+
+Reddit’ resolut’ annuat’ &c.
+
+Dict manerij de Eybury pro terr voc
+Marketmede
+
+Notwithstanding the Reformation, Knightsbridge was still reserved to the
+Abbey, and in the hands of its deans and chapters it has ever since
+remained, excepting during the alienation of church lands in the
+seventeenth century, when it became the property of Sir George
+Stonehouse.  The lands at the Gore, and near to it, passed into various
+lay hands, and will be hereafter more fully noticed.
+
+The manor of Eybury also passed into lay hands.  In the Act 28, Henry
+VIII. c. 49, it is stated as lately in the occupation of Richard Whashe;
+and a person of that name rented the more considerable part of it known
+as Ebury Farm in 1592, direct from Queen Elizabeth.  Other portions of
+the manor were similarly rented by persons who underlet the land again,
+thereby occasioning great wrong to the inhabitants at large—for
+notwithstanding the great length of time these lands had been in priestly
+possession, the people, in some measure, appear to have maintained a
+claim over them, and considerable portions were always laid open for use
+in common at Lammas-tide (Aug. 1).  This ancient right these lessees
+under the Queen appear to have been determined to resist, and enclosed
+the fields with gates and hedges, on which the inhabitants appealed, in
+1592, to Lord Burleigh, High Steward of Westminster, for his interference
+in their behalf.  He ordered Mr. Tenche, his under-steward, to empanel an
+inquest; and the decision of the jury being favourable to the
+petitioners, they, thinking they should have Lord Burleigh’s countenance,
+proceeded on Lammas-day to assert their rights.  The gates were pulled
+down, and the fences cut away, on which the tenants appealed on their
+part to Burleigh, who, again referring the matter to Mr. Tenche, that
+functionary, after inquiry, replied, that “certain of the parishioners of
+St. Martin’s and St. Margaret’s assembled together,” and made an entry
+into their “ancient commons” by making “a small breach in every
+enclosure;” that some of those assembled “were of the best and ancientest
+of the parishes; that they carried no weapon, and had only four or five
+shovels and pickaxes, and had divers constables with them to keep her
+Majesty’s peace;” and that “having thus laid open such grounds as they
+challenged to be their commons, they quietly retired to their houses,
+without any further hurt-doing.”  One Peter Dod, in his evidence before
+the inquest, said “they told him they would break open to Knight’s Bridge
+and Chelsey;” and R. Wood, a constable, testified to the breaking of the
+enclosure at “Aubery Farm towards Chelsey,” whence they crossed to
+“Crowfield,” at the upper end of Hyde-park.
+
+Her Majesty’s “poor tenants and farmours” petitioned Lord Burleigh to
+commit some of the parishioners to the Star Chamber, and to stop further
+proceedings until the case could be heard in the Court of Exchequer.  The
+inhabitants rejoined, stating “that Ebury Farm, containing 430 acres,
+meadow and pasture, which was holden of her Majesty by lease, was granted
+to one Whashe, who paid £21 per annum.  And the same was let to divers
+persons, who for their private commodity did inclose the same, and had
+made pastures of arable land; thereby not only annoying her Majesty in
+her walks and passages, but to the _hindrance of her game_, and great
+injury to the common, which at Lammas was wont to be laid open, for the
+most part, as by ancient precedents thereof made, do more particularly
+appear.”  They then state this system of inclosure had prevailed for
+about twenty years; that in the Neate, there were 108 acres belonging to
+her Majesty similarly enclosed, although they should also be common at
+Lammas.  Strype, from whom this account is derived, does not state how
+the contest terminated; but certain it is that for very many years the
+owners of some of these lands paid money to the parish officers of St.
+Martin’s, in lieu of this claim; but I cannot find that this right of the
+poor has at all for many years been inquired into.  Parochial officers
+have, in many instances, sadly neglected their duty; and this is not one
+of the lightest accusations against them.
+
+The manor of Ebury afterwards became the property of a family named
+Davis, who owned it for a lengthened period.  The last male of this
+family, Alexander Davis, died July 2nd, 1665; by his wife, Mary, daughter
+of Richard Dukeson, D.D., and who survived till July 11th, 1717, {19} he
+had one daughter, Mary, who was married at St. Clement’s Danes, October
+10th, 1676, to Sir Thomas Grosvenor.  This manor devolved upon her; and
+on her death, January 12th, 1730, came to be the freehold property of her
+husband, whose descendant has been ennobled by the title of Marquis of
+Westminster, and is the present Lord of the Manor of Ebury.
+
+We will now revert to Knightsbridge proper again.  It anciently occupied
+a great deal more land than its present appearance indicates.  In the
+reign of Elizabeth certain lands appertaining to the park were within it.
+An indenture to that effect, dated July 6th, in the eleventh year of the
+Queen’s reign, between the Marquis of Winchester, Lord High Treasurer,
+and Sir Walter Mildmay, Chancellor of the Exchequer, on behalf of the
+Queen, and Francis Nevyll, one of the keepers of Hyde-park, on his own
+behalf, was agreed to for the better preservation of the game; and it was
+ordered that “our” land, called Knightsbridge land, containing, by
+estimation, about forty acres, should, at the costs of her Majesty, be
+“rayled” in, to hinder all manner of horses and cattle (except her
+Majesty’s “dere”) entering the said enclosed land.  The said Francis
+Nevyll then covenants that while he is keeper he will keep the gates
+thereof locked, and will not suffer any horses or cattle to be put
+therein.  He also agrees to make and sell in stacks, or carry into her
+Majesty’s hay-barn, all the hay which may be made within the said
+“rayled” lands, and deliver the same to “her Grace’s dere” in winter, and
+shall not in the wintry half-year put to pasture within the said “rayled”
+land above the number of ten kine or bullocks, or in lieu of every two
+kine or bullocks, one horse or gelding.  Another plot of ground,
+belonging to the Lazar-house, was also enclosed within Hyde-park; but of
+its extent, or why the institution should have been deprived of it, I
+have not been able to ascertain.
+
+THE BRIDGE.—The bridge, whence the place derives its name, we are
+informed by Strype, was a stone bridge, and most probably the one he
+described was the same as remained to our own time.  When, or by whom,
+first erected, is not recorded; but it is not improbable that the saintly
+king who first gave the monks possessions here, to render such more
+available, would throw a bridge across the stream.  For by this road even
+then was the only way to the metropolis from the west, and the stream was
+both broad and rapid.  It was situated between the last house of
+Knightsbridge-terrace (Mr. Jeffrey’s), and the French Embassy, and a part
+of it yet exists under the road; a portion of it was removed for the
+Albert-gate improvements.  In the churchwardens’ accounts of St.
+Margaret’s, Westminster, are the following entries regarding it:—
+
+1630.     Item, received of John Fennell     £23     6s.     4d.
+          and Ralph Atkinson, collectors
+          of the escheat, for repair of
+          Brentford Bridge and
+          Knightsbridge
+1631.     Item, paid towards the repaire     £24     7s.     10d.
+          of Brentford Bridge, and of
+          Knights-bridge, and for charge
+          of the sute to defend ourselves
+          from the same, and other
+          expences touching the same, as
+          by the particulars appeareth
+
+THE WESTBOURN.—The Westbourn, for such was the ancient name of the
+rivulet which ran through Knightsbridge, was one of the numerous streams
+which flowed from the range of Hampstead and Highgate to the Thames.  Its
+name is derived from its being most westerly of those streams in or by
+the metropolis.  Rising at West End, Hampstead, and running towards
+Bayswater, it passed through it, behind St. James’s Church; here it
+crossed the Uxbridge-road, and entering Kensington-gardens, passed
+through them and Hyde-park, where its silver thread ran along the centre
+of the Serpentine, into which it entered, and by the addition of several
+ponds, it was widened in 1731.  Leaving the park, it crossed the Great
+Western-road at Albert-gate, thence it passed in an oblique line behind
+the east side of William-street and Lowndes-square, behind Lowndes-street
+and Chesham-street, and bending to the right, passed under
+Grosvenor-bridge, where it divided and emptied itself into old Father
+Thames by two mouths.  The eastern course was stopped up when the
+Grosvenor Canal was formed, but the mouth may still be distinctly traced
+at the back of Westmoreland-street.  The western mouth is the entrance to
+the Ranelagh sewer, to which the stream has for many years degenerated.
+By an under current, formed in 1834, its course was diverted at
+Bayswater, to prevent drainage passing into the Serpentine; and when the
+Five Fields were intended to be built on, a new sewer, for which Smeaton
+had previously made surveys, was constructed.  The whole of its course is
+now covered in, although part of it was open so late as 1854.
+
+                 [Picture: The Westbourne from the park]
+
+The Westbourn was occasionally a source of annoyance to the inhabitants
+of Knightsbridge.  After heavy rains it overflowed; on September 1st,
+1768, it did so, and caused great damage, almost undermining some of the
+neighbouring houses; and in January, 1809, it overflowed again, and
+covered the neighbouring fields so deeply, that they bore the appearance
+of a lake, and passengers were for several days rowed from Chelsea to
+Westminster by Thames boatmen.
+
+THE OLDEN TIME.—It would appear from the warning of the chronicler, “not
+to walk too late without good guard,” that our locality bore formerly
+rather a bad name.  And I fear I must admit that it did so, though,
+perhaps, not more dangerous than any other of the chief highways to the
+metropolis.  The Great Western Road ran through the hamlet, which bore a
+good proportion of inns, the proprietors of which would appear to have
+rather connived at the iniquities practised, and thus rendered the action
+of the law more difficult.
+
+In 1380, Richard II., by his letters patent, dated March 2nd, granted to
+John Croucher, of Knightsbridge, towards the repairing of the king’s
+highway from London to Brentford, customs of the several vendible
+commodities therein mentioned (those of ecclesiastical men, and their
+proper goods bought for their use, excepted), to be taken at
+Knightsbridge and elsewhere, as he shall think expedient, for three years
+next ensuing.  In 1382 this was renewed, and in 1386 was granted to John
+Croucher and Lawrence Newport. {24}  But, notwithstanding this early care
+of the road, it does not appear to have been always followed up, for
+Wyatt’s men entered London, in 1554, by this road; its state materially
+aided in their discomfiture, and so great was the delay occasioned that
+the Queen’s party were able to make every preparation; and when
+ultimately they reached London their jaded appearance gained them the
+name of “draggletails.”  It would appear from the extracts quoted from
+the St. Margaret’s accounts that the law was applied to the parish for
+its neglect in this respect, and in 1724 a petition was presented to the
+House of Commons, praying for an Act to remedy the evil.  Twelve years
+later, when the Court had resided at Kensington for nearly fifty years,
+we find Lord Hervey writing to his mother that, “the road between this
+place (Kensington) and London is grown so infamously bad, that we live
+here in the same solitude as we should do if cast on a rock in the middle
+of the ocean, and all the Londoners tell us there is between them and us
+a great impassable gulf of mud.  There are two roads through the park,
+but the new one is so convex, and the old one so concave, that by this
+extreme of faults they agree in the common one of being, _like the high
+road_, _impassable_.” {25}
+
+Mud and dust did not, however, form the greatest unpleasantnesses of the
+road.  In the Kensington register of burials there is an entry telling of
+its terrible condition:—
+
+    25th November, 1687.  Thomas Ridge, of Portsmouth, who was killed by
+    thieves, almost at Knightsbridge.
+
+And Lady Cowper, in her diary quoted by Lord Campbell, {26} writes, in
+October, 1715, “I was at Kensington, where I intended to stay as long as
+the camp was in Hyde-park, _the roads being so secure by it_, that we
+might come from London at _any time of the night without danger_, which I
+did very often.”
+
+It is difficult to understand the cool audacity of some of the attacks on
+this road.  The _Gentleman’s Magazine_, April, 1740, records that “the
+Bristol mail from London was robbed a little beyond Knightsbridge by a
+_man on foot_, who took the Bath and Bristol bags, and, _mounting the
+post-boy’s horse_, rode off toward London.”  On the 1st of July, 1774,
+William Hawke was executed for a highway robbery here, and two men were
+executed on the 30th of the ensuing November for a similar offence. {27a}
+Even so late as 1799, it was necessary to order a party of light horse to
+patrol every night from Hyde Park Corner to Kensington; {27b} and it is
+within the memory of many when pedestrians walked to and from Kensington
+in bands sufficient to ensure mutual protection, starting at known
+intervals, of which a bell gave due warning.
+
+Respecting the innkeepers, the well-known Sheffield, Duke of Buckingham,
+in his Memoirs, tells the following curious story:—“I was informed that
+the Earl of Rochester, the wit, had said something of me which, according
+to his custom, was very malicious; I therefore sent Colonel Aston, a very
+mettled friend of mine, to call him to account for it.  He denied the
+words, and, indeed, I was soon convinced he had never said them; but the
+mere report, though I found it to be false, obliged me (as I then
+foolishly thought) to go on with the quarrel; and the next day was
+appointed for us to fight on horseback, a way in England a little
+unusual, but it was his part to choose.  Accordingly I and my second lay
+the night before at Knightsbridge privately, to avoid the being secured
+at London upon any suspicion; which yet we found ourselves more in danger
+of there, because we had all the appearance of highwaymen, that had a
+mind to be skulking in an old inn for one night; but this, I suppose, the
+people of the house _were used to_, and so _took no notice of us_, _but
+liked us the better_.”  And in the “Rehearsal,” written in ridicule of
+Dryden, we also have an allusion to the innkeepers’ habits and
+characters:—“_Smith_: But pray, Mr. Bayes, is not this a little
+difficult, that you were saying e’en now, to keep an army thus conceal’d
+in _Knights-Bridge_?—_Bayes_: In _Knights-Bridge_?  Stay.—_Johnson_: No,
+not if the _inn-keepers be his friends_.”
+
+Until the age of railways set in, these inns did a brisk trade with the
+numerous travellers from the western parts.  One of the occurrences of
+the day was to watch the mails set off for their destinations; there were
+above twenty at one time, besides stage-coaches.  Now there is but one of
+the latter kind, which still, every other day, goes to Brighton.  Moore
+mentions in his Diary waiting at Knightsbridge for his Bessie, coming to
+town by the Bath coach.  All now is altered—highwaymen, patrols, and
+mails are all gone—and the road is the best entrance into the capital.
+An Act, passed June 19th, 1829, placed the Great Western Road, from
+Knightsbridge to Brentford Bridge, under the charge of the Commissioners
+of Metropolitan Roads.
+
+It was a long time before our hamlet became part and parcel of the
+metropolis.  A letter in my possession, written by an intelligent
+mechanic, fresh from Gloucester, and dated August, 1783, describes it as
+“quite out of London, for which,” says he, “I like it the better.”  And
+so it was; the stream then ran open, the streets were unpaved and
+unlighted, and a maypole was still on the village green.  It is not ten
+years since the hawthorn hedge has entirely disappeared at the Gore, and
+the blackbird and starling might still be heard.  We have seen the
+references to game in Elizabeth’s time, but few persons imagine, perhaps,
+that within the recollection of some who have not passed long from us,
+snipe and woodcocks might occasionally be lowered; now, however, we are
+limited to our saucy friend the sparrow, for even the very swallows have
+quitted us.
+
+Forty years since, there was neither draper’s nor butcher’s shop between
+Hyde Park Corner and Sloane Street, and only one in the whole locality
+where a newspaper could be had, or writing paper purchased.  There was no
+conveyance to London but by a kind of stagecoach; the roads were dimly
+lighted by oil, {30} and the modern paving only to be seen along
+Knightsbridge Terrace.
+
+Till about 1835, a watch-house and pound remained at the east end of
+Middle Row; and the stocks were to be seen at the end of Park-side,
+almost opposite the Conduit, as late as 1805.  A magistrate sat once a
+week at the Fox and Bull, and a market was held every Thursday.
+
+The water supply was anciently by means of springs and wells, which were
+very pure, numerous, and valuable.  In the beginning of the eighteenth
+century, Park-side was leased from the Dean and Chapter of Westminster by
+the Birkheads, and the few houses then there were supplied by a conduit
+they were permitted by the Crown to use, within Hyde Park.  There was a
+row of conduits in the fields each side of Rotten Row, whose waters were
+received by the one at the end of Park-side, known as St. James’s, or the
+Receiving Conduit; and which supplied the royal residences and the Abbey
+with water. {31}  There were several excellent springs also in the
+hamlet, one of which appears to have been public property, from a story
+told by Malcolm, to the effect that in 1727, there being an excessive
+drought, the supply of water was rendered very precarious, and disputes
+arose between the inhabitants of Knightsbridge as to whom it belonged.
+The women appear to have taken an unusual share in this quarrel, which
+was so fiercely carried on, that requisition was had to a magistrate to
+hinder the tongue giving way to the hands and nails.  The magistrate
+decided that the water belonged to the St. Margaret’s part of the hamlet.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER II.
+HISTORICAL ASSOCIATIONS.
+
+
+    —“Thus I entertain
+    The antiquarian humour, and am pleased
+    To skim along the surfaces of things,
+    Beguiling harmlessly the listless hours.”
+
+                                                               WORDSWORTH.
+
+SO small a place as our hamlet formerly was, it could not have many
+historical associations of which to boast, and this chapter must,
+therefore, be brief.  Too small and unimportant to be the scene of great
+contests, or of political intrigues, few notices of it in connection with
+history occur, but those few are far from being uninteresting.
+
+In the year 1361, a dreadful plague broke out in France, and fears were
+entertained that it might ravage London.  To prevent this, great
+precautions were taken, and the King promptly issued an order, in which,
+reciting the evils which were occasioned by the offal and refuse being
+thrown by the city butchers into the Thames, he ordered, on February 25,
+with the consent of Parliament then assembled, that to provide “for the
+honesty of the said city, and the safety of the people,” all “bulls,
+oxen, hogs, and other gross creatures,” to be slain for the citizens,
+should be led either to Stratford on the one side, or Knightsbridge on
+the other, and be there slain and dressed ready for sale.  And any
+butcher offending by killing within these places should be imprisoned one
+year: a piece of legislative wisdom our own times should imitate.
+
+When the Kentish insurrection under Wyatt broke out against the marriage
+of Mary and Philip of Spain, Wyatt having vainly endeavoured to enter
+London by the bridge, was compelled to march to Kingston, in order to
+cross the Thames; arriving at Knightsbridge, he there rested his men
+“untyll daye,” they “being very weary with travel of that night and the
+daye before.”  In London, the quaint old chronicler tells us, “there was
+no small adowe,” and by nine o’clock on the morning of February 7, 1556,
+Wyatt set his men in motion, and “planting his ordenance upon the hill,
+almost over agaynst the park corner,” left it there under a guard, and
+marched towards Charing Cross.  The Earl of Pembroke, who commanded
+Mary’s troops, hovered about “untyll all was passed by, saving the
+tayle,” which he cut off from the main body.  This misfortune ruined
+Wyatt, who soon after was captured, and ultimately executed; his head
+being set up on Hay Hill, not far from the spot where he had left his
+cannon.
+
+During the contest between Charles I. and his people, many skirmishes are
+traditionally said to have occurred here.  Although in the numerous works
+of all kinds I have referred to, no mention could be found of such; yet
+that they did take place, many remains of that period, since brought to
+light, testify.  Mr. Faulkner records the discovery of a helmet,
+breastplate, and some swords, on the site of Lowndes Square.  In 1840,
+many human remains, coins of Charles’ time, some curious horse-shoes, and
+trappings, were dug up when the Albert Gate improvements were made.  In
+Grosvenor Place, and various spots in the Five Fields, similar remains
+have also been discovered.
+
+The infamous Lord Howard of Escrick, on whose perjured evidence Algernon
+Sidney was beheaded, had a house at Knightsbridge, and it was the resort
+of all the desperate and unprincipled adventurers {35} who are sure to be
+found attached to the ranks even of the noble and high-minded in such
+contests as were then going on between Charles II. and the Whigs.  He
+wrought himself into their consultations, and pretended entire devotion
+to their cause; but it was only to ruin their plans and consign the
+leaders to the scaffold.
+
+Roger North, in his “Examen,” states that when the Rye House Plot became
+known, the King commanded Howard’s apprehension, and accordingly the
+Serjeant-at-Arms proceeded to Knightsbridge, beset his house, and going
+in to search for him, “though he found the bed warm where he lay,” yet
+could not find him, till at last they discovered him hidden behind a
+chimney, on which “he came out in his shirt and yielded himself.”  He
+saved himself, as is well known, by despicably witnessing against others:
+the ballads and satires of the day contain many allusions to him, and his
+promised deeds, of which the following may serve as a specimen:—
+
+    “Was it not a damn’d thing,
+       That Russell and Hampden,
+    Should serve all the projects of hot-headed Tory?
+       But much more untoward
+       To appoint my Lord Howard
+    Of his own purse and credit, to raise men and money,
+       Who at Knightsbridge did hide
+       Those brisk boys unspy’d,
+    That at Shaftsbury’s whistle were ready to follow,
+       But when aid he should bring,
+       Like a true Brentford king,
+    He was here with a whoop, and there with a hollo.”
+
+Lord Howard died in 1683, and was succeeded by his son Charles, at whose
+death, in 1715, the sullied title became extinct.
+
+Our hamlet has one more association with Stuart plots; but this time the
+Stuarts’ partisans were the plotters.  In 1694 Sir William Barclay and
+Sir William Perkins, two staunch Jacobites, formed a plot for the
+assassination of William III.; the plan being to waylay the King on his
+return to Kensington from some hunting excursion, and shoot him.  The
+plan required a number of conspirators to render it successful, and
+herein lay the monarch’s safety.  Captain Porter, one of the first to
+join, gave notice to the ministers, and several engaged in the crime were
+apprehended.  Porter, on the trial, stated that he had been with two
+others to survey the ground, lying at the Swan at Knightsbridge one
+night, and there talking over their plans.  Finally, it was agreed to
+commit the foul deed in a lane near to Turnham Green.  Perkins and others
+were found guilty on most clear evidence, and suffered death at Tyburn
+accordingly.
+
+THE KNIGHTSBRIDGE VOLUNTEERS.—Notwithstanding the declaration of our
+brave tars on the threatened invasion of our shores, by Napoleon in 1803,
+that he should not come by _water_, great excitement prevailed, and
+volunteers were enrolled from one end of the country to the other, and a
+deadlier contest never cursed the earth than such would have been, had
+the Emperor dared to put his project into execution.  Among those earnest
+men who at this crisis rendered genuine service to the country by their
+energies in this particular, was Major Robert Eyre, an officer who had
+seen much and real service in the American War of Independence, and
+elsewhere, but who had now settled down at Knightsbridge, where for years
+he resided, one of the most respected of its inhabitants.  He offered to
+raise a corps in the hamlet, although it had already furnished a number
+of men to the regiments of the surrounding locality.  His offer was
+accepted in the following terms:—
+
+                                                London, August 14th, 1803.
+
+    SIR,—Lord Hobart has acquainted me, that the King has derived great
+    satisfaction from the zeal and public spirit which have been
+    manifested by the offer lately communicated to me by you, which his
+    Majesty has most graciously been pleased to approve and accept.  You
+    will be pleased to name your officers.
+
+                                             I have the honour to be, Sir,
+                                               Your most obedient servant,
+                                                         SCOTT TITCHFIELD.
+
+    To Major Robert Eyre.
+
+The regiment was raised at the Major’s expense, numbering 146 men, and he
+brought them to a high state of efficiency.  Major Eyre presented them
+with a pair of colours, one of which, a blue flag, has on it a painted
+rebus device, of a knight in armour riding over a bridge, emblematical of
+the name of the hamlet. {39}
+
+          [Picture: The colours of the Knightsbridge volunteers]
+
+On the 26th and 28th October, 1803, King George III. in great state and
+formality reviewed the volunteers of the metropolis in Hyde Park.  The
+Knightsbridge regiment appeared on the latter day, and the vast body
+acquitted themselves with great satisfaction to the authorities.  In the
+United Service Institution Library is preserved a paper confidentially
+communicated to the commander of every regiment, describing the position
+each corps was to take up in case alarm should occur, and from it I find
+that the 1st Battalion of the Queen’s Royal Volunteer Infantry, Col.
+Hobart, were to patrol along Grosvenor Place and Pimlico, to the Palace,
+and along Piccadilly, to communicate with the 2nd Battalion of the same
+regiment, and the St. Margaret’s and St. George’s Regiments.  This 2nd
+Battalion were to patrol Sloane Street, leaving one company in Chelsea
+Waterworks, and to communicate with the Knightsbridge corps, who were to
+remain in reserve at the north end of Sloane Street.
+
+RIOTS AT KNIGHTSBRIDGE.—In those good old electioneering times, “the days
+when George III. was king,” our hamlet was many a time the scene of riot.
+Such scenes, of course, will not be here detailed; but two of them were
+too serious to be passed over entirely, viz., on March 28th, 1768, and
+October 4th, 1803.  On the former occasion, Wilkes and Cooke were elected
+for Middlesex; it was customary for a London mob to meet the Brentford
+one in and about Knightsbridge; and as Wilkes’ opponent was riding
+through with a body of his supporters, one of them hoisted a flag, on
+which was inscribed, “No Blasphemer,” and terrible violence instantly
+ensued.  At the latter election, Burdett was the popular candidate, and
+the excitement, which had been very great throughout, culminated with the
+junction of the mobs at Knightsbridge, causing much confusion and damage.
+
+The last riot in Knightsbridge was on the occasion of the funeral of
+Honey and Francis (who were shot in the rioting on the occasion of the
+funeral of Caroline of Brunswick) on August 26th, 1821.  It occasioned a
+correspondence between the Sheriff and the Government; and being fully
+described therein, I insert it here.
+
+                    MR. SHERIFF WAITHMAN TO EARL BATHURST.
+
+    MY LORD,—I consider it my duty to apprise his Majesty’s Government,
+    through your Lordship, of a violent outrage on the public peace,
+    committed by some individuals of the Life Guards, at Knightsbridge,
+    yesterday, and of an attempt at assassination upon me personally,
+    while in the execution of my duty as Sheriff of Middlesex, as the
+    head of the civil power of the county.
+
+    Your Lordship thought proper to direct the Lord Mayor on Saturday to
+    take the necessary measures to preserve the peace of the city, during
+    the intended funeral of Honey and Francis; and, although no such
+    caution was addressed to the Sheriff, as conservator of the public
+    peace of the county, I felt it my duty to direct the deputy-sheriffs
+    of the city and county to order out the constables of the divisions
+    nearest to, and through which the funeral was expected to pass; and
+    also to attend in person, with proper officers, to prevent or quell
+    any tumult or disorder.
+
+    Conceiving that under the existing irritation of the people, and the
+    circumstances for which they had assembled, some insult might be
+    offered to the Life Guards in their barracks, I disposed of the
+    constables chiefly in that vicinity, and actually ranged a body of
+    them in front of the barracks, with instructions to apprehend every
+    person who should attempt to commit any outrage or disorder.
+
+    The funeral, in consequence of these precautions, passed the barracks
+    in an orderly and quiet manner, marked by no other peculiar
+    circumstance than that of a brick being thrown from the barracks,
+    which fell near my horse, and wounded, as I am informed, a young
+    girl.  My admonitions, and the presence of the constables, succeeded,
+    however, in repressing the irritation this wanton act was calculated
+    to excite.
+
+    When the procession had passed, and while the road continued to be
+    crowded with people, the gates of the barracks were thrown open, and
+    the avenue filled with soldiers.  The people, as might have been
+    foreseen, gathered round the spot, and expressed their displeasure.
+
+    A tumult seemed inevitable.  I requested to speak to the officer on
+    duty, but without effect; and, at length, by repeated expostulations
+    with the soldiers, I succeeded in prevailing on them to retire and
+    close the gates.
+
+    Some time after, upon returning to the same spot, I saw a number of
+    soldiers running from the wicker gate, and pursuing the people on the
+    causeway.  Finding an affray actually commenced, I sprung my horse
+    upon the causeway, interposed between the parties, and succeeded in
+    separating them.  While thus engaged, a soldier, with whom I had
+    before been expostulating, and who was, therefore, acquainted with my
+    official situation, started forward at a man, and knocked him down.
+    At the same time, while using my utmost endeavours to prevail on the
+    soldiers to retire into the barracks, and the people to desist and
+    keep the peace, the bridle of my horse was violently seized, on the
+    one side by a young officer in undress, and on the other by the
+    soldier whose violence I had just noticed, and who, together,
+    endeavoured to throw my horse over the causeway; and I only succeeded
+    in extricating myself by striking the soldier with my stick, and
+    making my horse plunge.  Immediately several of the soldiers rushed
+    at me with their swords drawn, and one actually loaded his carbine,
+    and directed it towards me, but was, I am informed, knocked down by
+    one of the constables.  Further mischief was prevented by the
+    interposition of some military officers of higher authority, and the
+    soldiers at length retired into their barracks.
+
+    My Lord, these circumstances require no comment.  At a critical
+    juncture the soldiers were left to their own exasperated feeling, and
+    manifested a lawless spirit.  The civil power under my direction was
+    fully adequate for the preservation of the peace among the people,
+    but not to encounter an armed soldiery.  I had no communication from
+    his Majesty’s Government, nor could I obtain an interview with any of
+    the officers of the regiment. . . .  I feel assured that had I not
+    interposed with the civil power and even risked my own life, a
+    frightful slaughter must have ensued.  Of subordination to civil
+    authority the soldiers appeared to be wholly unconscious, and that
+    authority, in my person, was repeatedly insulted, and grossly
+    outraged.
+
+    It would, my Lord, be as needless as presumptuous in me to attempt to
+    instruct your Lordship and his Majesty’s Government in the nature of
+    the constitutional authority under which I attended yesterday, or the
+    right I possessed in my official character to have claimed the aid
+    and assistance of these very military to suppress tumult, who have,
+    upon this occasion, in open defiance of the civil authority, been the
+    promoters of it; nor need I add one word in aggravation of the
+    enormity of the offences committed: the offenders can some of them be
+    identified, and I trust your Lordship will cause immediate and
+    effectual means to be adopted to bring them to justice, as a salutary
+    example to others.
+
+                                    I have the honour to be, my Lord, &c.,
+                                                              R. WAITHMAN.
+
+    Bridge Street, August, 27th, 1821.
+
+To this letter Earl Bathurst replied as follows:—
+
+                                             Whitehall, August 28th, 1821.
+
+    SIR,—I have to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 27th
+    inst., relative to a riot which took place at Knightsbridge on Sunday
+    last.  I had, before the receipt of your letter, given directions for
+    an inquiry to be made into the circumstances of this transaction, in
+    consequence of representations made to me, which, I am bound to say,
+    differ in many essential particulars from the statement I have
+    received from you.
+
+    I cannot refrain from expressing my regret and surprise, that when
+    the civil power under your direction was fully adequate (as you
+    state) for the preservation of the peace among the people, a mob
+    should have been permitted to remain in a continued state of riot,
+    after the soldiers had been withdrawn within their barracks, until
+    the Riot Act was read by Mr. Conant, and the rioters dispersed by the
+    peace officers under his immediate orders; and I do not understand
+    that in the execution of this duty he received any assistance from
+    you.
+
+                                                            I am, Sir, &c.
+                                                                 BATHURST.
+
+    Mr. Sheriff Waithman.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER III.
+MODERN PAROCHIAL DIVISIONS: THE STREETS, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, ETC.  THEIR
+ASSOCIATIONS, EMINENT INHABITANTS, ETC.
+
+
+    “I pray you let us satisfy our eyes
+    With the memorials, and the things of fame
+    That do renown this city.”
+
+                                                               SHAKSPEARE.
+
+THE parish church of St. Margaret, Westminster, is the mother church of
+this locality.  Although the Decree of 1222, before referred to, limited
+the western boundary of that parish to the Tyburn stream, it declared
+that beyond that stream lay the town of Knightsbridge, which belonged to
+it.  In what parish the manor of Eia was situated is not stated, but it
+is most likely that the higher portion of it was a forest, and the lower,
+it is certain, was partly a marsh, and consequently altogether unnoticed
+by the assessors; for the growth of parishes was very gradual, and their
+proper boundaries for ages undefined.  St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields is
+mentioned as early as 1225, but did not become a regular parish till
+after 1337, and not independent of St. Margaret’s till 1535.  In St.
+Martin’s the whole of the manor of Eia was then included; it consequently
+reached as far as the Westbourne, and included a part of Knightsbridge;
+this arrangement continued till the parish of St. George, Hanover Square,
+in 1724, was formed out of St. Martin’s, and then this distant part was
+included, absurdly enough, within the new parish.
+
+On the west of the rivulet, which here divides St. George’s parish from
+St. Margaret’s and Chelsea, the hamlet stands partly in those and partly
+in Kensington parish.  St. Margaret’s stretches from William Street,
+behind Lowndes Terrace, across the top of Sloane Street, behind Brompton
+Road, continuing the line behind Arthur Street to the bottom of Ennismore
+Mews, where, abutting on the north wall of Brompton Churchyard, it
+strikes off in a north-west direction and crosses the Kensington Road
+just below Hyde Park Terrace, whence it runs along the road into the
+town, and, including a few houses on the north side of High Street, it
+enters the Royal Gardens, including a considerable portion thereof, and
+the whole of the palace, within its boundary; it joins Paddington at a
+point on the Uxbridge Road, and thence returns through the Serpentine to
+Knightsbridge.
+
+The parish officers of St. Margaret alone beat the bounds now, and they
+appear always to have been strict in this duty, which, from some entries
+in their books, one would consider to have been a little festive
+occasionally:—
+
+1595.     Item, paid for bread, drink,           £7     10s.     0d.
+          cheese, fish, cream, and other
+          victuals, when the worshipfull
+          of the parish, and very many
+          others of the poorer sort, went
+          the perambulation to Kensington,
+          in this hard and dere time of
+          all things, as may appear by a
+          bill of particulars
+1597.     Item, for the charges of diet at       £6      8s.     8d.
+          Kensington for the perambulacion
+          of the parish, being a yere of
+          great scarcity and deerness
+1642.     Item, spent at Knightsbridge,          £2     19s.     9d.
+          when divers of the burgesses and
+          vestriemen of this parish went
+          the perambulation
+1668.     Item, expended at a                   £26     13s.     4d.
+          perambulation this yeare at
+          Knightsbridge
+
+Henry VIII.’s corpse passed through Knightsbridge for interment at
+Windsor.  In the St. Margaret’s books is the following entry:—
+
+1547.     Paid to the poor men that did bere   £0     3s.     0d.
+          the copis and other necessaries to
+          Knightsbridge, when that King
+          Henry the Eighth was brought to
+          his burial to Wynsor, and to the
+          man that did ring the bells
+
+Chelsea parish includes Lowndes Square and the adjoining streets, while
+Kensington includes Queen’s Buildings, and a few houses in Sloane Street.
+Thus is Knightsbridge absurdly divided, when for generations there has
+existed within it a place of worship which could have been easily
+rendered the focus of a new and independent parish, had its patrons been
+so minded.  The opportunity was lost when St. George’s was formed, and
+Trinity Chapel, from having been, as it were, the nursing-mother around
+which the village gathered, was permitted to dwindle, without a thought
+for it, into comparative insignificance.  This ancient religious edifice
+I will now give an account of.
+
+
+
+TRINITY CHAPEL
+
+
+Was anciently attached to a Lazar-house or Hospital, with the history of
+which it is most intimately connected.  When or by whom founded is not
+known—at least, if such is recorded, it is not mentioned by any writer on
+ecclesiastical affairs; but as it appears always to have been attached to
+the Abbey of Westminster, we may conclude its foundation was connected
+with that establishment.
+
+The earliest mention I have met with of the Lazar-house is in a grant of
+James I., preserved in the British Museum, {52} as follows:—
+
+                         1605, JAMES R.  By ye king,
+
+    Trustie and welbeloued wee grete you well.  Whereas we are given to
+    understand that the sick, lame, and impotent people in our hospitall
+    of Knighte-bridge, in our county of Middlesex, are greatly distressed
+    for want of wholesome water, both for the dressing of their meat, and
+    for making condiment potions for their sores, and that in our park
+    called Hyde Park, in our sayd county, adjoyning to the sayd
+    hospitall, there is within of 140 paces of the sayd hospitall a meete
+    spring of good water, wof by pipe of lead of the charge of five and
+    thirty pounds, may safely be brought to serve the sayde house, for
+    their relief in yt behalf, without any inconvenience growing thereby
+    to our said parke; in consideration of ye poverty, and for the
+    contynuall use and ease of ye sayd impotent and distressed people,
+    wee are graciously pleased to bestow uppon them ye sayd sum of
+    xxxv_l._, lawful money of England, for and towards the charge of
+    bringinge the sayde springe water to the sayde house by pipe of lead.
+    Wherefore our pleasure is, that you, our warden of our Mint, shall
+    appoint workmen, and give order for the doing thereof, and defray the
+    charge, not exceeding the sayd sum of xxxv_l._; ffor the which wee do
+    hereby give you full allowance out of those our moneys as remayne in
+    your hande, lately coyned in our Tower.  And this shall be our
+    sufficient warrant unto you, and the duplicate of this published by
+    you a sufficient warrant and discharge to ye keeper and keepers of ye
+    sayde parke, and to all other persons that may consent for the doing
+    hereof.  Given under our sign, &c., at or Castle of Windsor, the
+    sixth day of September, in ye thyrd yere of our raigne of England,
+    France, and Ireland, and of Scotland the thirty-eighth.
+
+    To our trusty and welbeloued servant Sr Thomas Knyvett, Knight,
+    warden of our mynt.  C. C. INWOOD.
+
+But, although this is the earliest document concerning the Lazar-house I
+have seen, there exist earlier, to which the public have not access.
+Lysons says there is, among the records of the Dean and Chapter of
+Westminster, a statement of its condition in 1595, drawn up by John
+Glassington, Governor of the House, by profession a surgeon, and whose
+family rented the hospital, &c., from the Church of Westminster (at the
+rent of 4s. per annum) for many years.  In this document he states that
+there were no lands belonging to this hospital, nor a groat of endowment;
+that there had been a certain piece, which was then enclosed within Hyde
+Park, to the great detriment of the charity.  He also states that when he
+became governor, the building was ready to fall; that he had expended
+above £100 on it; that there were commonly thirty-six or thirty-seven
+persons in the house, who were supported by voluntary contributions; that
+the charge of the previous year, in provisions only, and exclusive of
+candles, linen, woollen, salves, medicines, burials, &c., had been £161
+19s. 4d.  He adds a list of fifty-five persons whom he had cured, some of
+whom had been dismissed as incurable from other hospitals.  An account of
+the regulations of the house is subjoined by him, by which it appears
+that the patients attended prayers every morning and evening, and that on
+Sundays there was morning and evening service for the neighbours; that
+those who were able were obliged to work; that they dined every day on
+“warm meat and porrege,” and that every man had his own “dish, platter,
+and tankard, to kepe the broken from the whole.” {55}
+
+In the parish accounts of St. Margaret’s are several entries relating to
+this hospital:
+
+1634.     Item, for a pair of sheetes           3s.     6d.
+          for Jane Clare, when wee
+          sent her to the Spittle at
+          Knightsbridge
+1638.     Item, to Mr. Winter, keeper                   16s.
+          of the hospitall at
+          Knightsbridge, for the
+          keeping of the Three
+          Innocents for one month
+1639.     Item, to Mr. Thomas Neale,            6s.     6d.
+          for three paire of shoes,
+          two paire for the poore
+          Innocents at the Spittle at
+          Knightsbridge, &c.
+1646.     Disbursements for the poore    £4     2s.     11d. {56}
+          Innocents in the Spittle, or
+          Lazar-house, at
+          Knightsbridge; sum total,
+
+There are no books or accounts of the Lazar-house existing at the Chapel
+now, neither have I been able to ascertain whether they exist elsewhere,
+or even at all.  But in one of the register books still preserved is a
+list of persons discharged from it; the date of the year is not given,
+but I have reason to think it about 1676.  There are twenty-seven
+entries, of which the following may serve as samples:—
+
+    March 5—Priscilla Knight to London, criple.
+
+    ,, 6—Mary ffranklin to Berkshire.
+
+    ,, 9—John Wordner, his wife, to children, to Bristow, criple.
+
+    ,, 10—Nicholas fflood, his wife, 4 children, to Wales, criple.
+
+    ,, 18—Robert Dicerson, his wife, 2 children, to Gloster.
+
+These unfortunate creatures most probably begged their way up from the
+country, and, while inmates here, owed their subsistence to charitable
+contributions, and, when cured, had to beg their way home again.  There
+was also the following entry in another book, date about 1695:—
+
+    “Thomas Pirkin, a soldier under Captain John Callipfield, in
+    Brigadier Solwin’s regiment, died in Hospital in August last past.”
+
+Like its origin, its end is obscure: I cannot trace when, or from what
+causes, its useful and Christian career was terminated.  It was certainly
+existing when Newcourt was collecting materials for his “Repertorium,”
+published in 1720, and that is the last allusion to it I can find.
+
+It has always been traditionally related in Knightsbridge, that during
+the fatal year of the plague, 1666, the institution was for a while given
+up to those who had been attacked by that scourge; and it is also said
+that the enclosed plot on the Green was the spot where its victims, here
+and elsewhere in the locality, were buried.
+
+In Butler’s “Hudibras” (III. c. ii. v. 1110), among other charges Cooper
+urges against the Presbyterians is, that they
+
+    “Fill’d Bedlam with predestination,
+    And Knightsbridge with illumination.”
+
+And the last editor of Gray’s “Hudibras” supposes that by the
+Presbyterian Illuminati here, Butler alluded to the unfortunate inmates
+of this Lazar-house! {58a}
+
+There were three other similar establishments in the suburbs of
+London—namely, at Southwark, Kingsland, and Mile-end.  Great care was
+taken that those afflicted with leprosy, or other such disorder, should
+be immediately conveyed to one of these places.  The law was strictly
+carried out, and where resistance was made, the sufferers were tied to
+horses, and dragged thither. {58b}
+
+That the chapel attached to this hospital was of ancient foundation, we
+may justly infer from its being described as “very old and ruinous, and
+ready to fall,” as far back as 1629.  In that year, for that cause, the
+inhabitants petitioned Laud, who then filled the see of London, for leave
+to rebuild it at their own cost, it being the place to which they usually
+resorted “to perform their religious duties and devotions.”  The Bishop,
+by his licence, dated July 7th, 1629, gave them permission so to do (the
+consent of the vicar and churchwardens of St. Martin’s being first
+obtained), “therein to frequent Divine Service and sermons, which Divine
+offices were to be performed by a sufficient minister, lawfully licensed
+from time to time,” by the Bishops of London, or their Chancellors for
+the time being; “provided that the said inhabitants, or their families,
+did once every quarter of a year repair to their respective parish
+churches to perform their devotions, and every Easter receive the Holy
+Communion there, and pay all rights, duties, and profits to their
+respective ministers to which they did belong,” and this licence was to
+continue in force during the pleasure of the Bishops of London.
+
+The Chapel was accordingly rebuilt, and “consecrated to the use of the
+poor of the Hospital,” who “having no maintenance but what they received
+of alms,” and not being “able to maintain a curate, repair the Chapel, or
+relieve themselves,” it was, on October 3rd, 1634, according to an
+arrangement made by the Master of the Hospital, the curate, and some of
+the principal inhabitants of Knightsbridge, ordered by Dr. Duck, then
+Chancellor of London, that they, or the major part of them, should let
+certain pews and seats in such manner as should best effect these
+objects; that they should keep a register of their accounts, which were
+to be adjusted every six months, reserving to the incumbents of St.
+Margaret’s and St. Martin’s their respective rights and emoluments.  Dr.
+Duck presented one piece of the plate used in the celebration of the
+Communion.
+
+In 1650 the Parliamentary Commissioners appointed to inquire into the
+state of ecclesiastical benefices, reported that Knightsbridge Chapel, in
+the parish of St. Martin-in-the-Fields, belonged to a Lazar-house there;
+that twenty years before the date of inquiry it was re-edified and
+enlarged by public contributions; and that Henry Walker, the minister,
+placed there on probation by order of Parliament, received £10 per annum
+from the inhabitants.  The Commissioners afterwards allowed him £40 per
+annum. {60}
+
+Among the records of the Dean and Chapter is a petition from John
+Glassington, surgeon, dated 1654, praying to be admitted Governor of the
+Hospital, which his ancestors had always rented of the church at
+Westminster; which petition is accompanied by a certificate of Sir John
+Thorowgood, one of the Commissioners for Middlesex, and an active public
+officer in this locality at the time of the Commonwealth; but I infer the
+application was unsuccessful for a time, for in the next year Henry
+Walker was presented to the curacy by Cornelius Holland and George Reeve,
+_joint-governors_ of the Chapel.  John Glassington was, however, Governor
+in 1659.
+
+In 1699, Nicholas Birkhead, who was then lessee of the Chapel, rebuilt
+it, and the present building is mainly his work.  In 1789, it was
+enlarged by its front being brought in a line with the adjoining houses,
+a grass-plot eight feet deep having previously occupied this space.  The
+present front, galleries, &c., were then erected.  At the end of the last
+century Dixon Gamble, Esq., became lessee, but now it is held direct from
+the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, who nominate the incumbent.  There
+is an endowment of £30 per annum payable by them, but the income is
+derived chiefly from the pew rents.
+
+The Chapel is as plain an edifice as possibly can be; there is no
+ornament of any kind about it.  It is built of brick, and is 53 feet
+long, by 30 feet broad.  The gallery is round three sides of the
+building; the organ, built by Hancock, 1770, being on the south side.
+The communion-table is at the _north_ end.  The front terminates in a
+pediment, over which is a small cupola containing one bell, thus
+inscribed—
+
+                      “MRS. MARY BIRKHED GAUE ME, 1733.”
+
+In the brickwork are let in three stone slabs, the centre of which is
+inscribed “Knightsbridge Chapel, 1789;” that on the right is inscribed,
+“Rebuilte by Nicho Birkhead, Gouldsmith of London, Anno Dom. 1699;” the
+left or western one has the following emphatic dedication cut in it, {62}
+“Capella sanctæ Indiuidux Trinitatis.”
+
+The Communion Plate consists of five pieces, all of silver; they are
+inscribed as follows:—
+
+THE LARGE CHALICE.—Sanctæ et Indiuidæ Trinitati—Rest to the Lord:—Mary
+Birkhead (about 1708.)
+
+THE PATEN.—Sanctæ et Indiuidæ Trinitati.—The Guift of Arthure Duck,
+Docter of the Ciuell Lawe and Chancelor of London (1628 or 1629).
+
+THE SMALL CHALICE.—Sanctæ et Indiuidæ Trinitati.—The Gift of the Right
+Honbl. and Right Reverent Willm. Lord Bishop of London. {63a}
+
+THE PLATE.—The Gift of Elizebeth Knightly to Knights-Bridg Church, Oct.
+18th, 1705. {63b}  There is a coat of arms engraved on the edge of this
+piece, doubtless that of the donor.
+
+THE FLAGON is modern, being the gift of the Rev. J. Foyster (about 1825).
+
+                   [Picture: Old Chapel, Knightsbridge]
+
+The list of its ministers is, as far as I have been able to trace them,
+as follows:—
+
+1630.  Nathaniel White, licensed May 24th.
+
+1637.  William Pope—as curate.
+
+1640.  Nehemia Dod—as curate.
+
+— Henry Walker on probation till 1655, when he was nominated curate.
+
+1658.  Christopher Lee appears to have been minister, but various other
+names also appear in the registers till May 23rd.
+
+1660.  Thomas Wheatley then signs himself “Minister of Knightsbridge.”
+
+1661 (Feb.).  Henry Tilley.
+
+1662 (April).  Nathaniel Barker.
+
+1663 (April).  — Herring (whose name occasionally appears between
+1658–60.)
+
+1666.  Robert Hodson, till October 20th.
+
+1667.  Francis Hall, licensed October 25th.
+
+1669.  Henry Herbert or Hubert, S.T.P., licensed April 26th.  His
+signature, however, occasionally appears before this date.
+
+1671.  John Cull.
+
+1683.  — Sanby, who was minister from January 1st, 1683, to December
+31st, 1685.
+
+1686.  Henry Watts, who quitted in May, 1695; strangers appear to have
+officiated till
+
+1696.  Thomas Bobar entered on his duties December 4th.  He made way for
+in
+
+1699.  Philip Horneck, who officiated from March 9th to October 16th.
+
+1699.  Thomas Knaggs appointed curate October 16th; he stayed till
+January 10th, 1707, when Francis Jeffrey succeeded.  But in February,
+1708, Mr. Knaggs returned, and was minister till May 17th, 1713.
+
+1713.  Robert Hicks, to June 10th, 1719.
+
+1719.  Humphry Persehouse, who was minister forty-one years.  He resigned
+in December, 1759, when
+
+1760.  — Bailey, chaunter of Westminster Abbey, was appointed on January
+1st by the Dean and Chapter.  I believe he was succeeded by the Rev. John
+Gamble, nominated by his father, as lessee.  He died in 1811.
+
+1811.  — Harris. {65}
+
+1822.  J. G. Foyster, M.A. of Queen’s College, Cambridge.  He published a
+volume of sermons preached here.  In 1832, Lord Brougham gave him the
+rectory of St. Clement’s, Hastings, on which he quitted Knightsbridge.
+He died there May 17th, 1855.
+
+1832.  John Martin, who shortly resigned, and was succeeded by the Rev.
+Hibbert Binney, D.C.L., the late minister, who, since June, 1838 (when he
+was appointed rector of Newbury), left the chapel to the ministry of the
+Rev. John Wilson, now D.D., and the present incumbent.  Dr. Binney died
+June 6th, 1857.  Among assistant ministers here have been the Rev.
+Alexander Cleeve, author of several devotional works, who died September
+23rd, 1805; the Rev. H. J. Symons, LL.D., who read the burial service
+over Sir John Moore at Corunna.  He gained the notice of the Duke of York
+in this pulpit, and quitted it for the Peninsula with a regiment, to
+which he was chaplain.
+
+Baptisms and marriages were formerly solemnised here, and twenty
+register-books, some very small, and others quarto and folio size, are
+still preserved.  Many of them, however, are but duplicates of the
+others, and three are memorandum-books of the clerks, with registrations,
+expenses, notices, and other entries therein.  The _regular register of
+baptisms_ has been missing a very long while, but duplicates of several
+years have been preserved; with the exception of a few leaves, all the
+books of expenses are lost also. {67}  I have stated before that the
+books of the Lazar-house are also missing, and so is the burial book, if
+such ever existed.  I shall be glad to quit this statement, so
+disgraceful to some of the former officials of the Chapel, and give a few
+extracts from those still fortunately preserved.
+
+Previous to the passing of Lord Hardwick’s celebrated Marriage Act, in
+1753, it was not necessary to the validity of a marriage that such should
+be performed in a church, or solemnised by any religious ceremony.  And
+although the law of the Church visited with censure those who neglected
+its canon in this respect, yet the Common Law recognised other and more
+private modes.  Consequently around and in London, at almost all the
+chapels, marriages were performed, and at some in a very discreditable
+manner.  Lord Hardwick’s bill made it necessary to the validity of a
+marriage that it should be solemnised in a parish church or public chapel
+where banns had been regularly published.  The result was, that as at
+these chapels banns were not published, marriages therein solemnised were
+no longer legal; and among others obliged to succumb to this law,
+Knightsbridge Chapel was one.
+
+It would almost appear that our Chapel had some reputation for its
+irregularities in this solemnity, if we are to trust some of the pointed
+allusions in the literature of a bygone currency.  Shadwell, in his play
+of “The Sullen Lovers,” published in 1668, makes Lovell say:—
+
+    “Let’s rally no longer: there is a person at Knightsbridge, that
+    yokes all stray people together; we’ll to him, he’ll despatch us
+    presently, and send us away as lovingly as any two fools that ever
+    yet were condemned to marriage.”
+
+And in the _Guardian_ (No. 14, March 27, 1713), a run-away marriage is
+spoken of as being celebrated “last night at Knightsbridge.”  Although
+such references seem to illustrate what could be only known as a fact, I
+yet think they were but a jocular remark as regards Knightsbridge, and
+not indications of a reality.  It is scarcely possible to think such
+would have been allowed in a place of worship, so much under the control
+of the Dean and Chapter as this was; and many memoranda in the books
+vindicate its ministers from the charge of winking at wrong, as these
+allusions insinuate.  Of these curious entries I give the following as
+specimens:—
+
+    “MEM.—Thomas Palmer and Ann Clarke: if they come to be maryed, stop
+    them, and send for Mr. Clarke, next doore to the Mitre Tavern in
+    Duppin’s Ally, King Street, Westminster.”
+
+    “William Squire, silver-smith, living in Long Acre, who stood father
+    to Elizabeth Goldingham, who was married to Edward Keyn ye 20th of
+    ffebruary, 1690/1, does give this account of the said Elizabeth
+    Goldingham, that she has lodged at his house for 2 years, that she is
+    no heyress, but ffollows the trade of a manta-maker for her living,
+    and further he adds that she has neither ffather or mother liveing,
+    nor no relation who does any way look affter her, but that she is
+    really at her own disposal.”
+
+But although such entries show the rule, I must admit that at a certain
+period before the time to which the foregoing entries refer, are others
+which appear suspicious; and if any irregularities occurred I should
+place them between the two extreme dates, shown in the following
+extracts:—
+
+1678, April 28.  Jacob Stent and Mary Crouch, secrecy for life.
+
+1678, April 28.  James Gibson and Anne Tarrant, secrecy.
+
+1678/9, April 28.  William Taylor and Elizabeth Steward, great secrecy.
+
+1680, April 25.  Edward Charlton and Alice Robinson, secret for 14 years.
+
+1682, May 7.  Andrew Barry and Mary Elton, secrecy.
+
+With these curious notices of old systems, habits, and ideas, I proceed
+to give some extracts from the registers, selecting those referring to
+eminent persons, and which contain allusions of interest and peculiarity.
+The earliest entry of baptisms is the following.
+
+1663, Aug. 28.  Will, ye sone of will birke of this hamlett, by Mr.
+Herring.
+
+1667, Jan. 23.  Sofiah London, the daughter of Richard London and Mary
+his wife.
+
+A family named London lived in this locality many years, and there are
+several entries of the name.  Probably the celebrated gardener so named,
+who will be afterwards noticed, belonged to it.
+
+1668.  Nathaniel, son of William Ipsley, baptised, September 8th.
+
+Most probably this name should be Hipsley.  Persons of this name were
+clerks here many years.
+
+1670, Nov. 3.  James, son of James and Mary Rouse.
+
+1675, Feb. 19.  Dorothy, daughter of James Took, Esq., and Magdalen his
+wife.  Westminster parish.
+
+1675, April 11.  William Lord, son of Robert and Anne Thurlow.
+
+A family of this name lived in the St. Margaret’s part of the hamlet in
+the 17th century.
+
+1675, Nov. 5.  Joan, daughter of Robert and Hester Gunter, baptised.
+
+Persons of this name may be traced from this period to the present time
+in our locality.  It is the earliest entry of the name I have found.
+
+1676, Jan. 8.  Margerite, the daughter of Elizabeth Bedford by Mr. Philip
+Thomas.
+
+1677, June 17.  Tristram, the son of Tristram and Anne Huddlestone.
+
+1677, July 20.  George, son of Berkley Trye, Esq., by Mary his wife,
+baptised by Jo. Andrews, entered at St. Martin’s.
+
+The Tryes are a very ancient Gloucestershire family.
+
+1678, Jan. 3.  Robert, son of Robert and Hester Gunter.
+
+1681, April 11.  Anne, the daughter of George Sams by Martha Wheatley,
+his servant, as ’tis told me.
+
+1682, May 27.  Thomas Dennis, 30 years of age, was baptised.
+
+1683, March 4.  Jane Rutter was baptised.  A black woman.
+
+1689, June 27.  ffrances Wharton, the daughter of Jane Wharton, a child
+of base (birth).
+
+1691, Dec. 21.  Hannah Hipsley, daughter of Thomas and Mary Hipsley, by
+Mr. Watts.  Born Dec. 6th.
+
+1692, Feb. 14.  Margaret Tarbet, the daughter of Margaret Perryvil; being
+a woman-child that fell in travail in ye street.
+
+1702.  Mary, daughter of Thomas Werd by Mary his wife, was baptised the
+3rd of May by Mr. Killberk.
+
+This is the last baptism recorded, and only one is entered between
+October 16th, 1694, and this date: the others are missing; and though I
+know baptisms were occasionally solemnised here even to the end of the
+last century, no later record has been preserved.
+
+
+
+MARRIAGES.
+
+
+There are no registers of marriages here now, anterior to April 1st,
+1658, but in the Bishop’s register are some earlier ones, the first of
+which is the following:—
+
+16th April, 1632.  Thomas Herbert, of Hammond Head, com. York, Esq.,
+bachelor, 24; and Lucy Alexander, spinster, 20, daughter of Sir William
+Alexander.
+
+The earliest in the Chapel register book is as follows:—
+
+1658, April 1.  William Eaton and Jane Hurley were married.
+
+1661, ffeb. 10.  Richard Steele and Eliza Cotterill per me Ant. Dode.
+
+1666, July 17.  William Adkins and Katherine Edwards at ye Bowling Green.
+
+The Bowling Green was perhaps at the Spring Garden, afterwards to be
+noticed.
+
+1666, Oct. 14.  Thomas Clark and Elizabeth Milton.
+
+1667, April 16.  Philip Wharton and Hester Bewley.
+
+1672, June 11.  Sir Philip Harcourte and Eliz Lee married by Mr. Cull.
+
+1672, July 13.  Robert Chaloner, esq., and Dorothy Britten.
+
+The Chaloners were one of the few old Middlesex families.  They were
+seated at Chiswick.
+
+1675, Feb. 16.  Christopher Benson and Eliz. Hilliard, belonging to ye
+vice chancellor.
+
+1675, Nov. 24.  Gabriel Hipsley and Penelope ffry.
+
+1676, May 7.  Nicholas Brady and Bethia Chapman.
+
+1676, Oct. 27.  Arthur Deavereux and Anne Ireland in pompe Courte in ye
+midle temple, 3 payre of stayres.
+
+1677, July 17.  Hugh Middleton, esq., and Mrs. Dorothy Oglander, married
+by Mr. Nath. Cole, dd, his majesty’s Chaplain in ordinary.
+
+1678, Feb. 21.  William Harbord, esq., and Mrs. Katherine Russell by Mr.
+James Symonds.
+
+1678, July 23.  Sir James Hayes and Grace Clavering.
+
+1678, August 3.  Sir John Lenthall and ye Lady Catherine Lant, secrecy,
+by Mr. Joseph Stretch, minister.
+
+Sir John Lenthall, only son of the Speaker, was Governor of Windsor,
+under Cromwell, and knighted by him in 1657.  On May 21, 1660, he moved
+in the House of Commons that all who had borne arms against the king
+should be exempted from pardon; and for such was called to the bar,
+reprimanded, and degraded his knighthood.  He afterwards lost his seat
+upon petition against his return.  He died in 1681.
+
+1678, August 15.  Robert Grime and Barbara January, the king’s taylor,
+nexte doore to 3 tuns taverne lane.
+
+1679, April 10.  Thomas Lant, esq., and Mrs. Jane Bromfield.
+
+1681, Feb. 20.  John Stibbs and Sarah Cromwell.
+
+For the last 250 years a family named Cromwell—and which, in the last
+century, branched out considerably—has been resident in this part of
+Middlesex.  Cromwell, the minister of Henry VIII., was born at Putney,
+not far out of the county; and Sir Richard Cromwell (grandfather to
+Oliver the Protector), signed himself in letters to the “Mauler of
+Monasteries” _his most bounden nephew_.  In 1691 a Robert Cromwell lived
+at Kensal Green, and is probably the person of the same name who sat on
+the jury at the trial of Daniel Axtell.  For many years a brewery at
+Hammersmith has been conducted by persons of this name, not improbably
+descendants from the Putney blacksmith.
+
+1682, January 31st.  John Cull, curate of Knightsbridge, and Martha
+Turner, by Mr. Yearwood.
+
+Mr. Cull was minister here twelve years.  He died in 1683, and was buried
+at Kensington on the 21st September.
+
+1682, Dec. 24.  Sir John Hatton and Mary Hinton.
+
+1683, July 3rd.  Heale Hooke, Baronet, and Hester Underhill by Seyward of
+Kensington.
+
+Sir Hele Hooke, for many years a resident in Kensington Square, died
+there in July, 1712, by which the title became extinct.  Mr. Seward was
+curate there.  (See Faulkner’s “History of Kensington.”)
+
+1685, Sept. 12.  David Gunter and Eliz. West.
+
+1686, Sept. 4.  Sir Francis de Geilhausen and Flora Bishop for Feb. 6,
+1685.
+
+1687, Feb. 1.  Sir Samuel Morland, Knight, and Mrs. Mary Aylif, secrecy.
+
+This entry records the unfortunate marriage of the celebrated inventor,
+described by himself in such terms of misery, to the diarist Pepys.  In
+all the biographies of Morland I have referred to, and even in Burke, his
+wife’s name is not given, and therefore I presume it has hitherto been
+unknown.  The wedding was, as the register tells, private; and eighteen
+days after it took place, he wrote to Pepys, that, “being in very great
+perplexities, and almost distracted for want of moneys,” a person whom he
+had befriended in time of need proposed to recommend him an heiress, “who
+had 500_l._ per ann. in land, and 4,000_l._ in ready money,” and property
+of other kinds.  “Believing it,” he writes, “utterly impossible,” that
+one whom he had assisted, “should ever be guilty of so black a deed” as
+to betray him in his distress, “I was, about a fortnight since, led as a
+fool to the stocks, and married a coachman’s daughter, not worth a
+shilling,” and whose moral character proved to be none of the purest.
+He, procuring evidence (shortly after) of adultery, took the case into
+the Ecclesiastical Court, which granted a divorce on that ground on May
+17. {78}  It was the _fourth_ time Sir Samuel tied the matrimonial knot,
+and the _last_.
+
+1687, May 3.  Sir William Moet, and Antonetta Willobe.
+
+1687, Sept. 1.  John Atley and Mary Crumwell.
+
+1689, Jan. 7.  Richard Bailey and Eliz. Shakespeare.
+
+1690, July 20.  Sir Thomas Fautherly and Mrs. Frances Brown.
+
+1690, July 31.  John Lenthall and Eliz. Wildman.
+
+1693, Jan. 8.  Thomas Cromwel and Ann Smith.
+
+1694, Aug. 12.  Edward Shaxspear and Eliz. Ward.
+
+1695, May 26.  Tristram Huddleston, Gentleman of St. James’, Wmr., and
+Mrs. Mary Darker of the same.
+
+1695, Nov. 16.  John Baptist Renoult, Minister of the parish of St.
+Ann’s, Westminster, and Amery Henri, Widd.
+
+1696, July 23.  John Line of St. Martin’s Neat Houses, and Dorothy ffall,
+spinster of St. Margaret’s, Westminster.
+
+1697, Jan. 30.  Jasper Arnold, Gent., of St. James, Westminster, and
+Antonett Culmer of Kensington, spinster.
+
+The Arnolds were a numerous and opulent family long resident in
+Westminster.  Families of the same name, and probably connected, also
+resided in Knightsbridge and Kensington for above a century.  One of the
+Westminster Arnolds was a brewer, and a juryman on the trial of the Seven
+Bishops.  (See “Macaulay’s History.”)
+
+1698, August 21.  George Cumming, Taylor, at ye Woolstaple, near great
+Tom, St. Margaret’s, Westminster, and Mary Watson of the same place.
+
+1698, Dec. 18.  William ffinton, Life Guardsman in college-street, near
+ye Black dog: Catherine Llewyllen in Dean’s Yard, Westmr.
+
+(Black Dog Alley still exists in College Street.)
+
+1699, Jan. 1.  Thomas Lewsie, peruke maker in ye pel-mel at ye sign of ye
+two pidgeons, in St. James’ Westmr, and Mary pigot, of St. Paul’s, Covent
+Garden, in maiden lane.
+
+1699, Jan. 23.  Richard Green, Barber, in St. Brides, at ye Barber’s pole
+near ffleet-bridge, ye corner house but one, and Mary Truby of ye same
+place.
+
+1699, May 23.  Thomas Fenwick of St. Margaret’s, Westminster, servt to
+Storey at ye Park Gate, and Mary Gregory of ye same.
+
+This notice is curious: Story’s Gate, named from the person here noticed,
+is the entrance into St. James’s Park from Bridge Street.  Story was
+keeper of the Aviary to Charles II., hence Birdcage Walk.
+
+1699, August 18.  Cornelius Vander Velde, Limner, of St. Giles’, living
+in Dyot street, over agt ye Sparrow’s Nest, and Bernada Vander Hagen, of
+ye same.
+
+Cornelius Vander Velde was brother to William Vander Velde the elder, the
+great painter of sea pieces.  He was himself a painter of nautical
+subjects, and in the employ of Charles II.  This is an addition to
+Walpole’s notices.
+
+1699, Nov. 16.  Charles Goring, Gentleman of Heysdown, in the parish of
+Washington, and Frances Bridger of Hams in ye same county.  (Sussex) by
+Mr. Knaggs.
+
+Mr. Goring afterwards succeeded to the baronetcy.
+
+1700, July 30.  Robt Walpole, Esquire, of Houghton in ye County of
+Norfolk, and Katharine Shorter, of ye Parish of St. James, Westm. by Mr.
+Prevoste.
+
+This record is that of the celebrated minister of the first two Georges.
+His wife was daughter of a Lord Mayor of London, and mother of the
+celebrated Horace.
+
+1700, Nov. 22.  Miles Pennington, Gent., living in Tuttle Street, at ye
+sign of ye Green Dragon, and Eliz. D’oyley of the same.
+
+1703, March 4.  John Oldmixon and Elizabeth Parrey.
+
+1703, Dec. 25.  Benjamin Houghton and Eliz. Mandeville.
+
+1704, April 28.  John Every, Esq., and ye Honble Martha Thompson.
+
+Mr. Every afterwards succeeded his brother in the baronetcy; his wife was
+daughter of John, Lord Haversham.
+
+1705, Jan. 6.  Sir William Humphrey and Eleanor Lancashire.
+
+Sir William was Lord Mayor in the first year of George I., and
+entertaining the new king at Guildhall, was made a baronet.  His wife was
+widow of a London merchant.
+
+1705, Jan. 8.  Charles Danvers and Margaret Evans.
+
+Danvers has been a name in Chelsea these 250 years past, and is still to
+be found there.  Sir John Danvers, of Chelsea, was one who signed the
+death-warrant of Charles I.
+
+1705, May 23.  Henry Graham, Esq., and Mary, Countess of Darentwater.
+
+This lady was the youngest natural daughter of Charles II., by Mrs. Davis
+the actress, and known before marriage as Lady Mary Tudor.  On August 18,
+1687, being then only in her fourteenth year, she was married to Edward
+Radcliffe, afterwards second earl of Derwentwater, by whom she became
+mother of that ill-fated earl executed on Tower Hill for his share in the
+Rebellion of 1715; of Charles Radcliffe, who also perished on the
+scaffold thirty years after, and of two other children.  Her husband,
+from whom she separated in 1700, died April 29, 1705; and within a month,
+as this record shows, she married Henry Graham of Levens, Esq., who died
+the following year.  She married thirdly James Rooke, whom she likewise
+survived.  She died at Paris, November 5, 1726, in her fifty-fourth year.
+
+1710, May 30.  Sir Tho. Robinson, Baronet, and Mrs. Elizabeth Hare by
+license.  Tho. Yalden, S.T.P.
+
+Sir Thomas Robinson, grandson of Sir Thomas Robinson, killed in jumping
+from a window to escape from a fire in his chambers in the Temple.  His
+wife was daughter of Sir Thomas Hare of Stow Bardolph.  The officiating
+clergyman was doubtless the poet of that name.
+
+1710, Dec. 13.  Charles May, esq., and Mrs. Jane Middleton.
+
+1712, Jan. 19.  Mr. Martin Purcell and Mrs. Mary Glagg.
+
+1721, June 19.  Charles Vanbrugh, esq., of the parish of St. Martin in
+the Fields, and Anne Burt of ye same, married by Dr. Hough, rector of St.
+George’s.
+
+Most probably this gentleman was brother of the celebrated architect and
+dramatist, Sir John Vanbrugh.  His brother Charles was baptised Feb. 27,
+1680.
+
+1721, July 22.  The Hon. Josias Burchett of St. Martin in ye Feilds,
+esq., widower, and Margaret Aris, of St. Anne’s, Westminster, widow.
+
+1726, June 8.  Francis Bytheway of St. Clement’s Danes, Batchelor, and
+Ann Persehouse of St. Martin’s in ye feilds, spinster.
+
+1730, May 7.  Noel Broxholme, M.D., St. James, Bachelor, 40, and Mrs. Amy
+Dowdeswell, St. Ann’s Westminster, widow.
+
+1741, May 26.  The Rev. Mr. John Pettingall of St. Margaret’s,
+Westminster, Batch: and Susanna Long of ye same, spinster.
+
+Mr. Pettingall was minister of Duke Street Chapel, Westminster.
+
+1752, Dec. 2.  John Fry ye younger, of Bromley in ye County of Middx, and
+Elizabeth Eveleigh, of ye same, spins.
+
+This is the last entry; and the blank pages after show it to have been
+the last marriage solemnised here.
+
+In Wilkinson’s “Londina” the following curious extracts from the Accounts
+are given:—
+
+    Monye laid out for and toward ye reparation of the said Chappell as
+    followeth:
+
+                         * October 17, 1655.
+To the plumer for a gutter of lead 18 of April,        01     10     3
+1656 (Qy. 1655)
+To Edward Rowles                                       00     08     3
+To Robert Darwinn, for mendinge the great window       00     12     0
+nexte the pulpit
+                               * 1656.
+To John Fitzwalter and his labourers                   00     06     0
+ffor lathes, nails, and lime, and sand                 00     06     0
+ffor three hundred of tiles                            00     09     0
+To Rowles his man for mendinge the Chappell            00     02     0
+doore, and bell
+                        * 24th October, 1657.
+To Thomas Austin and his labourers                     01     04     8
+To Darwinne for mendinge the north windows             00     08     0
+
+Memorandum undated, but I think 1658 is the year:—
+
+    Monnies gathered by the inhabitants of Knightsbridge for & towards
+    the Reparations of the Chappell called Trinitie Chappell, belonginge
+    to the Hospitale, Spittle, or Lazar House of Knightsbridge:
+
+                       lb.     s.     d.
+The Lady Stonehouse       00     10      0
+Mr. Hall                  00     05      0
+Mr. Pate                  00     02      0
+Mr. Callaway              00     02      0
+Mr. White                 00     02      6
+Mr. Harris                00     02      0
+Mr. Boll                  00     01      6
+Mr. Lewis                 00     01      0
+Goodman Paldin            00     01      0
+Mr. Hickman               00     01      0
+            Som toto      01     08      0
+
+    More Collected the 29th day of June at the Chappell doore at the
+    Requeste of Mr. Anthony dod, minister of Paddington:
+
+        01     01     1
+         1      8     0
+         2      9     1
+
+    More Collected the 01th day of April att Chappell doore att the
+    Request of Mr. Lee, Minister now present of Trinitie Chappell of
+    Knightsbrige the some of fiftye eight shillings two-pence, by us 58s.
+    2d.
+
+        2     18     2
+
+    Christopher Lee
+    Tho. Turner
+    Richard Halloway.
+
+                                 July, 1659.
+
+Received of the Lady Langton (for her entrance      02     00     0
+into her yere) towards the repayringe of the
+Chappell, the some of 2
+Received of Mr. Hall the same month                 00     02     6
+
+                        * The 9th of June, 1659. {86}
+
+    Received of John Glassington, Governour of the Hospital of
+    Knightsbridge the some of 10s.—which was collected for a breefe for
+    and towards the losses by fire in the parish of Brides’, London, I
+    say received by me,
+
+    Witness, Anthony Dod.
+
+                                                                JOHN GRAY.
+
+                        * The 27th Day of ffebr, 1658.
+
+    Then received of Mr. Glassington of the Hospitall of Knightsbridge,
+    for the use of the Bayliffe and Burgesses of East Thetford (Retford),
+    in the County of Nottingham, the some of ten shillings, which was
+    gathered for the rebuilding of the church of East Thetford aforesaid.
+
+                                                               THO. MASON.
+
+The following entry refers, perhaps, to the law which made conformity to
+the Church of England a necessary qualification for official employment:—
+
+    Mr. Gamaleon Capell and Mr. John Adams received the Communion in
+    Trinitie Chappell at Knightsbridge the 14th day of July, 1680.
+
+And the next is an instance of the operation of a very absurd and immoral
+law:—
+
+    August ye 6, 1695.  Recd of Mr. Tho. Hipsley {87} ten pounds and
+    seven shillings and six pence by order of ye Comishenors for
+    Marridges in Knightsbridge Chappell, at to shillings and six pence
+    per Marridg:
+
+                                    By us
+
+                                                              JOS. RADLIFF
+                                                              LAINE MEASE.
+
+The next extract informs us the rental received by the Birkheads as
+lessees; for I presume it to be a receipt for the whole year:—
+
+    Recd the third day of Jany, 1701, of Mr. Thomas Hipsley the sum of
+    fforty nine pounds for Rent, allowing all the King’s Taxes to
+    Christmas day last past, it being in full for Rent to the said
+    Christmas day.  p. me,
+
+                                                            MARY BIRKHEAD.
+
+In Chelsea Register (1699) is the following entry—“Gave to the Beadle of
+Knightsbridge, {88} yt brought Sir Thomas Ogle’s childrens clothes, at
+their first coming to the parish 0 . 0 . 6.”
+
+Regarding burials, the only entry in the books recording such is the
+following:—“Mrs. Smith the wife of Edward Smith of Bromtone deced the 5th
+day of March, and was bereed the 6th day of ye same month 1667.”  If
+persons were interred here in any number, the interments ceased most
+probably before 1683, when Mr. Cull was buried at Kensington.  No
+register of such is to be found now, although the tradition was very
+strong that the enclosure on the Green was consecrated for the resting
+place of the dead.
+
+Before concluding this account of the Chapel I must notice the Birkhead
+family, with whom it was so many years connected.  They appear to have
+held considerable property in the hamlet, but I have not been able to
+trace their history, other than what the following extracts from the
+registers inform us:—
+
+1672 May 28th.  “Nicholas Birkhead and Susan Robinson, married by Dr.
+Littleton.”
+
+This, doubtless, was the “gouldsmith” who “rebuilte” the chapel: Dr.
+Littleton was rector of Chelsea, and celebrated for his Dictionary and
+other literary productions.
+
+1678.  Nicholas ye son of Nicholas Birkhead, junior, by Susanna his wife,
+bapt. Aprill 30th 1678: in the parish of Buttolphe’s, Aldersgate, London.
+
+This relates evidently to the same person: the other notices are as
+follow:—
+
+1688 July 1.  John Clements and Eliz. Birkhead.
+
+1689 Aug 20.  Edward Nowell and Eliz. Birkhead.
+
+1693 April 27.  Thomas Rouse and Hester Birkhead.
+
+1694 July 15.  Richard Wright and Eliz. Birkhead.
+
+1694 Aug 27.  James Birkhead, Joyner, of St. Andrews, Holborn; and Anne
+Jinks, spinster of St. Giles’ in ye fields.
+
+1705 Feb 10.  John Birkhead and Ann Gurney.
+
+1723 June 18.  Edward Brind of Buckingham, Batch, and Elizabeth Birkhead,
+of St. Martin’s in ye fields, spinster. {90}
+
+Here my account of this ancient foundation, which has afforded, bodily
+and spiritually, aid to thousands, before the more splendid structures
+which now eclipse it were erected, must close.  I own I feel a deep
+interest in the old place, shorn as it is of its usefulness in great
+measure; and it is with regret I am compelled to bear witness against
+those superiors of the venerable Abbey, to which it was attached, for
+permitting its decay to go on, without one single attempt to renovate it
+with fresh life and vigour.  I cannot find that they have for the last
+150 years aided it, or held out the parental hand in any way.  They have
+appointed its ministers, have allowed them a miserable endowment, and
+this is the sum of their support.  With the rentals they have drawn from
+Knightsbridge for so lengthened a period, Church and Hospital ought now
+to stand, both flourishing in useful prosperity, monuments alike to the
+piety of our ancestors, and to the conservative care of their
+descendants, who had striven to emulate their goodness by the extension
+of the blessings their bounty bestowed.  Is it so, that in this district
+nothing can be done in the nineteenth to remedy the faults of the
+eighteenth century?
+
+In connection with Trinity Chapel was a school, founded in 1783, chiefly
+by the exertions of John Read, who will be hereafter further noticed.
+The education afforded was substantially good, better than most schools
+of the same kind generally afforded, and was entirely free.  Its support
+was derived from the contributions of the public, and collections at the
+Chapel.  For many years the number was limited to 34 boys and 18 girls,
+but in 1832 it was increased to 45 boys and 25 girls, beyond which number
+the income of the Committee would not allow them to extend.  To Mr.
+Kember, its Treasurer, for many years the institution mainly owed its
+existence; but at length, in 1844, the subscribers at a general meeting
+transferred the institution, and attached it to the new church of St.
+Paul.
+
+Before this school was founded it would seem one of a similar kind had
+previously existed, for Northvouck mentions one here, but with 6 boys and
+6 girls only.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+ST. PAUL’S CHURCH.—In this section the two churches to which the Hamlet
+of Knightsbridge mainly pertains will be described.  St. Paul’s claims
+priority.
+
+The first stone of St. Paul’s was laid November 6th, 1840, in presence of
+nearly 500 persons, by George Drummond, Esq., of Wilton Crescent.  The
+want of Church accommodation had been greatly felt, and in this year
+measures were taken to realise that want.  Public subscriptions were
+commenced, and a large sum subscribed; {92} but after the work had for
+some time been progressed with, it was stopped from lack of resources;
+this difficulty was, however, surmounted, and on June 30th, 1843, the
+edifice was consecrated by Dr. Blomfield, Bishop of London, who preached
+on the occasion from the 4th chapter of St. John’s Gospel, verse 14.
+
+The site on which it stands was formerly an exercising ground belonging
+to the foot-barrack, and was given by the Marquis of Westminster (who
+likewise contributed £500 towards the organ), the lease being purchased
+of the late Mr. Phillips.
+
+The Church is one of the most handsome of modern architecture in London,
+and a great credit to its designer Mr. T. Cundy.  Its style is that known
+as Early Perpendicular; it is 106 feet in length, by 59 feet 6 inches in
+breadth; the height is nearly 50 feet.  It consists of a nave and two
+aisles, with a chancel at the east end on an ascent of four steps; around
+the Church, along three of its sides, galleries are placed; in the west
+gallery is the organ, and on this side are also galleries above for the
+school children.  At the west end is a lofty and very handsome tower,
+having an arch open on three sides at its base to form the porch, above
+which it is carried to the height of 121 feet, in two storeys, each
+containing a large and beautiful window, sides and front.  It terminates
+with an embattled parapet of open-work, and eight crocketted pinnacles,
+four of which rise from the angles.  The tower contains a clock by Dent,
+and three bells by Meares; the tenor weighs 22 cwt. 11 lbs., second 8
+cwt, the small one 6 cwt. 4 lbs.
+
+                       [Picture: St. Paul’s Church]
+
+The chancel forms a very handsome termination to the interior; the
+reading-desk and pulpit respectively occupy places at the north and south
+corners of its entrance, while in advance, occupying a central position,
+is the lectern, presented by the Rev. W. Bennett.  In the south side of
+the chancel are three _sedillæ_; over the Communion table are three
+compartments of stonework, on which are inscribed the Lord’s Prayer, the
+Ten Commandments, and the Creed; above the stonework it terminates in a
+_rere-dos_, over which is the great window of stained glass by Wailes,
+pourtraying the Prophets and the Twelve Apostles.  This window and
+ornamental stonework cost about £1,000.
+
+The font is of Caen stone, of beautiful design, and five feet eight
+inches in height; it is of octagonal form, the panels being divided by
+buttresses, the projecting portion of each resting on an angel, each
+angel either clasping its hands, or holding a shield or book bearing some
+symbol corresponding with the subject of the panel immediately preceding.
+Under each panel is a boss, representing some plant answering to the
+subject on the panel.  The shaft, supporting the whole, is placed on two
+steps; it consists of eight mullioned arches, and as many buttresses
+decorated.  It is the work of Mr. Charles Physick, of Gower Street, and
+was presented by the Rev. D. A. Beaufort, Mr. Bennett’s successor at
+Portman Chapel.  Its cost was £100.
+
+The organ is a very powerful one; its case was designed by Mr. Cundy, and
+harmonises with the general character of the Church.  It covers 14 feet
+square, and is 30 feet high.
+
+The roof is open, and is said to be the largest unsupported by pillars of
+any ecclesiastical edifice in the metropolis.  It is of timber, and the
+tie beams are filled with tracery.
+
+Of the eight handsome windows of each side of the church, two in the
+north and six in the south are filled with stained glass, all by Wailes,
+of Newcastle, representing the most remarkable scenes and actions of St.
+Paul, and of those Apostles whose names are to be read on each window.
+Four of these windows were erected to the memory of various members of
+his family by J. T. Horne, Esq.; one to John Backhouse, Esq., of the
+Foreign Office, born October 14th, 1784, died November 13th, 1845; one to
+the late Viscount Newry, to the Misses Alice and Caroline Colvile, and
+one to Miss Caroline Carr.  There is one also to Patrick Fraser Tytler,
+born August 30th, 1791, died December 24th, 1849: he was author of “A
+History of Scotland,” “Lives of Sir Walter Raleigh,” “Henry VIII.,” and
+other works that have assumed a standard position in our literature.
+
+The church will hold nearly 1,600 persons; 600 of the sittings are free.
+
+The Rev. W. J. E. Bennett was nominated to the incumbency by the Bishop
+of London; but certain differences having arisen between him and the
+Bishop, he resigned in March, 1850, when the Hon. and Rev. Robert Liddell
+was appointed in his stead.
+
+The following is a list of the Churchwardens:—September 30, 1845, Hon.
+Eliot Yorke, M.P.; Charles Briscoe.  (These gentlemen were re-elected
+also for the three following years.)  1849, April 10, Sir John E.
+Harington, Bart.; Charles Briscoe.  1850, Sir J. E. Harington; Charles
+Briscoe.  1851, April 21, T. H. Sotheron, Esq., M.P.; J. H. Tuck.  1852,
+April 13, Viscount Castlereagh; J. H. Tuck.  1853, March 29, T. H. Horne,
+Esq.; Charles Westerton.  1854, April 18.  This was a contested election:
+opposition having been made by Mr. Westerton to the mode of conducting
+Divine Service, and other matters connected with the Church, he was
+opposed by Thos. Davidson, Esq.; but after a poll, the numbers were
+declared to be—for Mr. Westerton, 203; Mr. Davidson, 200.  Mr. Horne was
+renominated; but a caveat being entered against this election, the case
+came on for adjudication before Dr. Phillimore, in the Archdeacon’s
+Court, on May 30th, 1854, who declared the election null, in consequence
+of the rejection of the votes of certain parishioners; and a new election
+taking place on June 15th, the same gentlemen were again nominated, and,
+after a poll of two days’ duration, the result was declared to be—for Mr.
+Westerton, 651; Mr. Davidson, 323.  1855, April 10, W. H. Jackson, Esq.;
+Charles Westerton: and the same gentlemen still fill the office.
+
+ALL SAINTS’ CHURCH.—This handsome edifice was consecrated by the late
+Bishop Blomfield on Saturday, July 21st, 1849.  It was erected to supply
+a very great want, for previously this isolated portion of St. Margaret’s
+parish was destitute of a place of worship for the members of the Church
+of England.  Within the last twenty years the population has vastly
+increased; and houses of first-class character have covered the
+nursery-grounds and fields formerly abounding.
+
+All Saints’ Church was erected from the designs of Mr. Vulliamy, in the
+Lombardic or Byzantine style of architecture, and when completed will be
+one of the most original and striking edifices in London.  It consists of
+a nave, and side aisles, divided by pillars polished to imitate marble,
+terminating in an apse, forming the chancel, and the roof of which is a
+blue ground spangled with gold.  Galleries are erected round three sides;
+in the western one is a very fine organ.  The roof is open, of woodwork,
+and harmonises pleasingly with the other parts of the building, although
+comparatively plain.
+
+A tower at the west end, and a suitable enclosure before the entrance,
+yet remain to be accomplished, ere the work of completion is done.  The
+estimated cost of these works amounts to £2,100; and it is to be hoped
+that the necessary funds may not be long forthcoming, to hinder their
+commencement.
+
+The minister is the Rev. William Harness, known for his edition of
+Shakspeare and other contributions to current literature; and the senior
+curate is the Rev. Mackenzie Walcot, whose “Memorials of Westminster,”
+and other works on the ancient city, have rendered him its most popular
+and pleasing historian.
+
+Charles R. Harford and James Baber, Esqs., were the first chosen
+churchwardens, and filled the office continuously till the present year,
+when W. Aldridge, Esq., was instituted in room of Mr. Harford.
+
+ALBERT GATE occupies an arched surface over the bed of the Westbourne,
+which was here open and crossed by two bridges, one just within the Park,
+and erected about 1734; the other, the old bridge from which our Hamlet
+is named.  On its west side was the “Fox and Bull;” on its east a low
+court of very old houses, named after the “White Hart,” which, with these
+other buildings and the Cannon Brewhouse, were entirely removed by
+authority of an Act of Parliament (4 Vict., c. 12) passed March 10th,
+1841, which empowered the Commissioners of Works to purchase the land on
+which these tenements stood and the buildings thereon, for the purpose of
+forming a new entrance to Hyde Park.  Accordingly, these improvements
+were carried out, and the iron gates, which are of a very chaste design,
+were fixed August 9th, 1845.  The two stags on the side pedestals
+formerly performed the same watch and ward at the Ranger’s Lodge in the
+Green Park.  They were modelled from a pair of prints by Bartolozzi.
+
+       [Picture: “The Westbourne”—Looking North from Knightsbridge]
+
+Part of the ground bought by the commissioners they leased for
+ninety-nine years to Mr. Thomas Cubitt, who immediately built on the
+eastern side a large mansion, for which it is said Mr. Hudson, M.P., paid
+him £15,000.  It is now the residence of the French Ambassador: here our
+Queen paid a visit in state on May 12, 1854; and the Emperor Napoleon
+held a Levee on his visit to her in May, 1855.
+
+This house was at first the butt of the London wits, who named it
+Gibraltar House, affirming it would _never be taken_.  This opinion did
+not deter Mr. Cubitt from erecting another, now the London and County
+Bank Branch; and a third is now nearly finished for Captain Layland.
+Architecturally, there is nothing in these mansions to admire,
+notwithstanding the arrogance with which they force attention.  Though so
+gigantic, they are not imposing; of an unusual altitude, they are
+destitute of ornament, and can only be likened to some “tall bullies,”
+determined even in vulgarity to lord over their fellows.
+
+BROMPTON ROAD: a row of houses built about twenty years since on the
+garden of Grosvenor House.  The National School House attached to
+Brompton Church was built in 1841, in the Tudor style, from designs by
+Mr. George Godwin.
+
+ENNISMORE PLACE and TERRACE, built by Elger on land belonging to the Earl
+of Listowel, from whose second title the name is derived; commenced in
+1848, and finished in 1855.  Along the curve at the bottom of the Terrace
+(now called Princes Terrace) the boundary of St. Margaret’s parish abuts
+on that of Kensington.  No. 11, Princes Terrace, is the residence of Mr.
+Bonamy Price.
+
+HIGH ROAD: a heterogeneous row of houses between the Green and Rutland
+Gate is so called.  They are built without any attempt at uniformity, and
+are generally of a mean description.  Parts of the western end are now
+called Trevor Terrace, and South Place.  The oldest houses in the Hamlet
+are in High Road: Chatham House (why so called I know not), built in
+1688, now a broker’s, was for many years a boarding-school, and
+originally surrounded by a garden.  Three doors beyond is an ancient inn,
+now known as the “Rose and Crown,” but formerly the “Oliver Cromwell,”
+and which has been licensed above three hundred years.  It is the oldest
+house in Knightsbridge, was formerly its largest inn, and not improbably
+the house which sheltered Wyatt, while his unfortunate Kentish followers
+rested on the adjacent green.  A tradition told by all old inhabitants of
+the locality that Cromwell’s body-guard was once quartered here, is still
+very prevalent, and an inscription to that effect was till lately painted
+in front of the house; {104} and on an ornamental piece of plaster-work
+was formerly emblazoned the great Protector’s coat-of-arms.  Although I
+have not been able to find any mention of this place in connection with
+the Civil War, or with Cromwell, yet nothing is more certain than that
+(as I have before noticed) our neighbourhood was frequently the scene of
+skirmishes during that contest, or more probable than that it should be
+so, considering it was the main road from the west to the capital.  In
+1647 the Parliament Army was encamped about here, and Fairfax’s
+head-quarters were for awhile at Holland House; so also immediately
+before and after the fight at Brentford.  At all events, Mr. Corbould,
+the distinguished painter, took this old inn as a subject; and “The Old
+Hostelrie at Knightsbridge,” exhibited in 1849 at St. George’s Gallery,
+formed a pleasing and animating picture.  He laid the scene as early as
+1497; and opposite the inn stands a well, surmounted by a figure of St.
+George, while beyond is the spacious green, the meandering stream, the
+bridge over it, surmounted by an embattled tower; while still further
+appears the old hospital and chapel.  All this is likely to be summarily
+condemned as the painter’s fancy, but it nevertheless proves that an
+interest in the place was not confined to the lower orders alone.  The
+house has of late been much modernised, and in 1853 had a narrow escape
+from destruction by fire; but enough still remains in its peculiar
+chimneys, oval-shaped windows, the low rooms, large yard and extensive
+stabling, with the galleries above and office-like places beneath, to
+testify to its antiquity and former importance. {106}
+
+The “Rising Sun” was for many years the residence of Major Eyre of the
+Volunteers.  It is built of red brick, and on the coping is the date 16—.
+There was formerly much carved work about the rooms, but all has
+disappeared: a plain, old-fashioned staircase still exists.  It has not
+been licensed above thirty years.
+
+Trevor Terrace consists of but ten houses.  At the last, Mr. Pocock, the
+architect, resides.
+
+At the corner of South Place, which contains only three houses, is the
+celebrated floor-cloth manufactory belonging to Mr. Baber.  It was the
+earliest one ever established, and first erected, in 1754, by Nathan
+Smith.  The first block used for patterns was cut by him, and is still
+preserved in the factory.  A woodcut of it is given in “Dodd’s British
+Manufactures,” where full particulars of the process of this manufacture
+are given.  In 1794 the building was entirely destroyed by fire, but
+restored the ensuing year; the whole was rebuilt in 1824, and presents a
+remarkable appearance from its great height.  At the north end is a
+clock, over which is placed a figure of Time cut in stone.
+
+The adjoining house (No. 2) was formerly called the “Parsonage,” because
+inhabited by the Rev. J. Gamble, of Trinity Chapel.  This gentleman was
+in 1796 appointed Chaplain of the Forces, and in 1799 Rector of
+Alphamstone and Bradwell-juxta-Mare, Essex.  For many years also he was
+private chaplain to the Duke of York, who generally attended his ministry
+at the Chapel.  Mr. Gamble was a Fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge, a
+very able preacher, and a highly popular man.  He died in this house July
+27, 1811.
+
+Of late years this unpretending house has gained a world-wide celebrity,
+having been the residence of Edward Sterling, the “Thunderer of the
+Times.”
+
+Edward Sterling was born at Waterford on the 27th February, 1773.  He
+entered Trinity College, Dublin, and qualifying himself for the bar, was
+duly called thereto; when the Irish Rebellion breaking out, in his
+twenty-fifth year, the barristers resolved to raise a corps of
+volunteers; and thus a complete change in Sterling’s career was
+commenced.  He fought at Vinegar Hill, and doubtless fought well.  He
+quitted the bar, joined the Cheshire Militia, whence he and his company
+afterwards volunteered into the line.  In 1805 the regiment was
+disbanded, and he removed to Kaimes Castle, Bute, where he cultivated a
+farm.  Afterwards he went into Wales, and was appointed Adjutant of the
+Glamorgan Militia; and in 1810 published a pamphlet on Military Reform.
+It was dedicated to the Duke of Kent, and went through a second edition
+the following year.
+
+In 1812 he wrote a series of letters to the _Times_, under the signature
+of “Vetus,” which were afterwards collected and reprinted.  In 1814 he
+was at Paris, and witnessed the entry of Napoleon after his return from
+Elba.  He made the best of his way to London, which he never quitted as a
+residence again.  He resided at various places in the suburbs, but
+ultimately settled at Knightsbridge, a more congenial home with its
+military air; and from this modest nook poured forth the able,
+torrent-like articles, which gained their unknown author the title of the
+“Thunderer.”
+
+He died here in the year 1847; his wife, the excellent mother of John
+Sterling, died here also, on April 16th, 1843. {109}
+
+This house was also a home to John Sterling when in London; and here
+Carlyle, Maurice, Mill, and other gifted men, visited him.  It is now the
+residence of his brother, Colonel Sterling; and here also came, after his
+honourable campaign in the Crimea, the brave Sir Colin Campbell, who for
+his services in India was created Lord Clyde.
+
+KENT HOUSE.—H.R.H. the Duke of Kent, about fifty years ago, rented a
+small house, to which he added till it attained its present size, and was
+named after him, Kent House.  He resided here but a few years.  After
+him, Lord George Seymour inhabited it; and in 1817 the Hon. George
+Villiers resided here.  He was next brother and heir-presumptive to the
+second Earl of Clarendon, and held several official employments.  He
+married the Hon. Theresa Parker, only daughter of John, first Lord
+Boringdon, and brother of the Earl of Morley, and died at Kent House,
+March 21st, 1827, leaving a numerous family, three of whom at least have
+attained a high reputation, viz., the present Earl of Clarendon, the Hon.
+C. P. Villiers, M.P. for Wolverhampton, and Lady Theresa Lewis, author of
+“The Friends and Contemporaries of Lord Chancellor Clarendon.”
+
+At Kent House (divided now) reside Earl Morley, and Sir G. C. Lewis, the
+late Chancellor of the Exchequer.  He married Lady Theresa (noticed
+above), relict of P. H. Lister, Esq., and is author of many important
+historical and political works, some of which were written in this house.
+
+STRATHEDEN HOUSE.—This was many years the residence of a highly respected
+family named Marsh.  Charles Marsh, Esq., was a magistrate of the county,
+and William Marsh was senior partner in the house of Marsh, Graham, and
+Co., with which the forgeries of Fauntleroy were so interwoven.  In the
+misfortunes occasioned by this man Mr. Marsh was innocently, but
+bitterly, involved.  He was a very public spirited man, and greatly
+respected in the locality.
+
+Stratheden House was afterwards the residence of Francis Bassett, Lord de
+Dunstanville.  He was created baronet for his prompt heading of the
+Cornish miners, and bringing them to the relief of Plymouth, when the
+combined fleets of France and Spain cast anchor in the Sound in 1779.  He
+sat in the House of Commons many years, supporting Lord North, and
+afterwards Pitt, by whom, in 1799, he was raised to the peerage.  He
+supported the Tory interest in the Upper House, and, though not a
+prominent member, drew down on him the ire of the veteran reformer,
+Cartwright.  He died in 1835.
+
+This mansion is now the town residence of Lord Campbell and Lady
+Stratheden, after whom it is named.  The first volume of the “Lives of
+the Chancellors” is dated from this house.
+
+HIGH ROW extends from Albert Gate Houses to the Barracks; part of it, in
+an absurd spirit of sycophancy, is now called Albert Terrace.  At the
+west side of the stream, till the improvements were effected, stood a
+celebrated inn, known as the “Fox and Bull,” traditionally said to have
+been founded in the time of Elizabeth, and used by her on her visits to
+Lord Burleigh at Brompton.  Its curious sign is said to be the only one
+of the kind existing.  At the “Fox and Bull” for a long while was
+maintained that Queen Anne style of society, where persons of “parts” and
+reputation were to be met with in rooms open to all.  A Captain Corbet
+was for a long while its head; a Mr. Shaw, of the War Office, supplied
+the _London Gazette_; and W. Harris, of Covent Garden Theatre, his
+play-bills. {112a}  Sir Joshua Reynolds is said to have occasionally been
+a visitor, as also Sir W. Wynn, the patron of Ryland; and George Morland
+frequently so.  The sign was once painted by Sir Joshua, and hung till
+1807, when it was blown down and destroyed in a storm.  The house is
+referred to in the “Tatler,” No. 259.
+
+The “Fox and Bull” was for many years the receiving house of the Royal
+Humane Society; {112b} and here was brought the poor frame of the first
+wife of the poet Shelley, who had drowned herself in the Serpentine.  She
+had lodged in Hans Place, a short time before, and was known to the
+landlord’s daughter, Miss Mary Ann Phillips; hence, her remains were
+treated “tenderly,” and laid out “with care.”  An inquest was held, and a
+verdict returned, which saved her the revolting burial then awarded to
+the suicide.
+
+A magistrate used to sit here once a-week: the last was Mr. Bond, of
+Sloane Street.  The present is the third house that has existed under the
+same sign.  The first was undoubtedly of Elizabethan build; most of its
+rooms were panelled and carved, with ornamented ceilings, &c.; and it was
+not till 1799 that the immense fire-places and dog-irons were removed for
+stoves.  This house was pulled down about 1836, and the second
+immediately built on its site; this stood till the alterations at Albert
+Gate made necessary the removal of the business to its present situation.
+
+In 1809 the landlord, digging to form a grain pit for his cows,
+discovered six entire male skeletons, supposed to be remains of some who
+had been slain (perhaps attempting to cross the bridge) in the Civil War.
+
+The Cannon Brewhouse, a large unsightly brick building, occupied the
+remainder of the site of the Albert Gate houses.  Formerly here stood a
+row of mean dwellings, with open cellars in front, and at the west end a
+filthy court.  They were all removed for the brewhouse, the first stone
+of which was laid by the late Mr. James Goding, on April 10th, 1804; at
+the top was a huge wooden cannon. {114}  In 1841 the whole was pulled
+down, and for ten years the ground was unoccupied; in 1851 a temporary
+building for the Chinese Collection of Mr. Dunn was erected, which in
+1852 made way for the large mansion not yet entirely finished.
+
+The house now inhabited by Mr. Murray was, rather more than thirty years
+since, the residence of Lady Ann Hamilton—the faithful attendant of
+Caroline of Brunswick.  Afterwards Mr. Chalon, and then Mr. Davis, both
+artists of repute, inhabited it.  To Mr. Davis succeeded Mr. White, a
+naturalist, who had here a large collection of wild beasts and birds.  I
+have heard he was tutor to Van Amburgh.
+
+Mr. Woodburn, when living supposed to be the first judge in matters
+relating to ancient art, once lived in this house.  He died in 1854.  The
+staircases still bear proof of the residence of these artists here.
+
+Captain Corbet, a comrade of St. Vincent, lived at No. 19; Ozias Humphry
+at 13; Maurice Morgann, opposite Sloane Street, John Taylor, the singer,
+Paul Bedford (for several years at 18), Mr. Justice Burton, and Mr.
+McCarthy, the sculptor, at 17—were all residents of High Row.  Of these,
+Humphry will be noticed here.  He was born at Honiton in 1742; and early
+evincing a taste for drawing, was taken from the Grammar School of his
+native town and sent to London, where he prosecuted his studies most
+assiduously.  Having, after two years’ stay, been compelled to return
+through the death of his father, he engaged himself to Mr. Collins, a
+miniature painter at Bath.  But in 1763, by the advice of Reynolds, he
+returned to London, and was brought under public notice through his
+auspices.  For some years he practised with increasing success, and in
+1773 set out for Italy with Romney; he returned in September, 1777, and
+his fame rapidly increased.  Miniatures he had chiefly devoted himself
+to, but now he turned to full-portrait painting, to which Hayley in his
+poem addressed to Romney refers:—
+
+    “Thy graces, Humphry, and thy colours clear,
+    From miniatures’ small circle disappear:
+    May their distinguished merit still prevail,
+    And shine with lustre on the larger scale.”
+
+In 1785 he sailed for India; but the climate compelling him to return
+before he had attained his object, he, in 1789, again exhibited in
+London, confirming his former reputation, and next year he was elected
+R.A.  He was employed to paint a series of original portraits of the
+Sackvilles by the Duke of Dorset; but ere he had completed them his sight
+failed him, and though various attempts were made to pursue his art, they
+were unsuccessful, and he was compelled to terminate his professional
+career.
+
+Humphry was held in high estimation by some of the greatest men of his
+time; by Reynolds, Hastings, and Sir W. Jones.  He is one of the heroes,
+too, of Boswell’s inimitable biography: Johnson placed under his care his
+godson, “a son of Mr. Paterson, eminent for his knowledge of books.”  As
+an artist, though he suffered many disadvantages, he ranked high; as a
+man of moral worth, and kind affections, he was “zealous in good offices,
+and strenuous in his efforts for rising genius;” and it was to him Dr.
+Walcot first introduced Opie.
+
+Besides the poetic niche of Hayley, Owen Cambridge mentions him—
+
+    “But, Humphry, by whom shall your labours be told,
+    How your colours enliven the young and the old?”
+
+And Cumberland likewise—
+
+    “Crown’d with fresh roses, grateful Humphry stands,
+    While beauty grows immortal from his hands.”
+
+Humphry resided several years in Knightsbridge; he died at 13, High Row,
+March 9th, 1810, and was buried in St. James’ Chapel ground, Hampstead
+Road. {117}
+
+Out of the High Row runs Mills’ Buildings, so called from a builder of
+that name who erected them in 1777.  At the top, abutting on the Park, is
+Park Row: at No. 5, Mr. Thomas Cooper for several years resided; and Mr.
+F. Matthews once lived in this row.
+
+The spot of ground now occupied by the Duke of Wellington’s stables, just
+erected from designs by Hardwick, was purchased by the Duke from a Mr.
+Williams, whose freehold property it was.  Several houses in Park Place,
+the “Nag’s Head,” {118} and five other houses, were removed for these
+stables.  Two of them touched on the Park, and were called Williams’
+Cottages.
+
+At the west end of High Row is the barrack for the Horse-Guards, an
+extensive range of brick buildings, built in 1795, and capable of
+accommodating 600 men and 500 horses.  In the centre of the chief
+building is an oblong parade, around which are the apartments for the
+men, and the chief stabling for the horses.  A mansion for the officers,
+riding school, &c., stand at the western end.
+
+HYDE PARK.—Of the glories of Hyde Park it is almost superfluous to speak;
+it has been a place of great popular resort since the days of Charles II.
+It was then visited, not as now, for air and exercise only, but was much
+used by the citizens for their sports.  May 1st, 1654, a great hurling
+match was played before the Lord Protector.  We read that on that day
+also “great resort came to Hyde Park, many hundreds of rich coaches, and
+gallants in attire; but most shameful powdered-hair men and painted and
+spotted women.”  Horse and footraces were also held here.  “Shall we make
+a fling to London, and see how the spring appears there in Spring Garden,
+and in Hyde Park to see the races, horse and foot?”—(“Merry Beggars, or
+Jovial Crew,” 1641.)
+
+Many and famous have been the reviews here, some of them of deep
+historical interest.  In October, 1803, as before-mentioned, George III.
+reviewed the different Volunteer Corps raised by the metropolis, when the
+total number inspected amounted to 27,077 men, of whom our local
+contingent mustered in force of 124.  The enthusiasm created by the
+appearance of the Guards on their return from the Crimea, and the first
+distribution of the Victoria Cross by her Majesty in person, are fresh in
+the public memory.
+
+It is well diversified with wood and water; the Serpentine in its space
+amply supplying the latter.
+
+    “Well may the coyest of the Nine
+    Be proud to sing the Serpentine;
+    For never breeze has swept, nor beam
+    Shed light upon a luckier stream.
+    ’Tis but a brook, whose scanty source,
+    Hard by, just struggles in its course,
+    But scarce has reached, slow trickling thence,
+    The bounds of royal influence,
+    When, such the favour and protection
+    That flows from interest and connection,
+    ’Tis bidden a nobler form to take,
+    And spreads and widens to a lake.” {120a}
+
+Would that its waters were kept sweet and pure; how much more enjoyable
+would its ride and walks be.  Life at the Serpentine in the height of the
+London season, and after a few days’ sharp frost, presents
+characteristics that can be seen in the metropolis only.
+
+       The Hyde Park river, which no river is,
+          The Serpentine—which is not serpentine,
+       When frozen, every skater claims as his,
+          In right of common, there to entertwine
+       With countless crowds, and glide upon the ice.
+          Lining the banks, the timid and unwilling
+       Stand and look on, while some the fair entice
+          By telling, yonder skaters are quadrilling;
+    And here the skateless hire the “_best_ skates” for a shilling.
+    {120b}
+
+As the Serpentine is at these two seasons productive of so much
+enjoyment, so it is also at the same time the source of much danger.  The
+skater, the bather, and he who is sick of life’s miseries, too often
+afford employment for the staff at the Receiving House of the Royal
+Humane Society.
+
+This edifice was erected on its north bank in 1834.  One devoted to the
+same purpose had previously occupied the same spot.  In it are beds, warm
+baths, tables, and apparatus of all kinds for the restoration of those
+apparently drowned, in the hope that “perchance a spark may be
+concealed.”  Every effort of science is here exercised on the cases
+requiring such attentions; the inspection of the public is invited by a
+notice to that effect affixed outside.
+
+Some little distance north and west of the Receiving House, formerly
+stood a very ancient edifice, known by the name of “The Cake House;” it
+was built with timber and plaster, and roofed with flat tiles.  It was a
+place for the sale of refreshments to those who visited the park—hence
+its name.  Pepys says, April 25th, 1669:—“Abroad with my wife in the
+afternoon to the Park, where very much company, and the weather very
+pleasant.  I carried my wife to the Lodge the first time this year; and
+there in our coach eat a cheesecake, and drank a tankard of milk.”  We
+may imagine by the following that it was the best known and more visited
+than any other spot in the Park:—“Comely! nay, ’tis no London female;
+she’s a thing that never saw cheesecake, tart, or syllabub, at the Lodge
+in Hyde Park.”—(“The English Monsieur,” by the Hon. James Howard.  4to.
+1674.)
+
+                        [Picture: The Cake House]
+
+Adjacent to this old Lodge was the famous Ring, where the racing and
+other amusements were carried on; and where the ground was often dyed
+with the blood of the duellist.
+
+The Ring, or parts of it, can still be distinctly traced on the east of
+the Ranger’s Grounds.  Here fell the Duke of Hamilton, after his duel
+with the Lord Mohun.  Swift, in his journal to Stella, Nov. 15th, 1712,
+says, “The Duke was helped towards the Cake House, by the Ring, in Hyde
+Park (where the duel was fought), and died on the grass, before he could
+reach the house:” a graphic picture, and a sad one, of that fashionable
+and cruel custom now happily abolished in this country.  The journals a
+century ago were replete with notices of duels fought in the Ring in Hyde
+Park.
+
+Turn we now from these painful reminiscences.  From the Ring, we have in
+view the costly toy of George IV., the Marble Arch, which, for want of a
+better destination, was removed to Cumberland Gate from Buckingham
+Palace; it was designed by Nash, after the arch of Constantine at Rome,
+and originally was intended to have been surmounted with a chariot and
+horses, and afterwards with a classic equestrian statue of his Majesty;
+this was actually executed by Chantry at a cost of 9,000 guineas, but it
+never reached its intended elevation, and now occupies the pedestal at
+the north-east corner of Trafalgar Square.  Perhaps the most satisfactory
+work of art in connection with the structure is the very beautiful pair
+of gates.  They are said to be the largest in Europe; are designed in
+scroll, having six openings, two filled with St. George and the Dragon,
+two with the royal cypher G.R., and two with lions _passant gardant_;
+they cost 3,000 guineas, and are cast in an alloy composed largely of
+copper.
+
+At present the erection produces a somewhat poor effect, but it is not
+fair to criticise it, seeing that its original design has not been
+carried out; were it surmounted with a well-harmonised group, as at first
+intended, no doubt its appearance would have been much more imposing.
+
+We have in the Park, just within the entrance at the “Corner,” the statue
+of Achilles, cast from cannon taken from the French, erected in honour of
+the late Duke of Wellington, by a subscription of his “Countrywomen,” as
+told by the inscription thus:—
+
+                        TO ARTHUR, DUKE OF WELLINGTON,
+                      And His Brave Companions in Arms,
+                           This Statue of Achilles,
+            Cast from Cannon taken in the Victories of Salamanca,
+                       Vittoria, Toulouse and Waterloo,
+                                 is inscribed
+                            By their Countrywomen.
+                             Placed on this Spot
+                    on the XVIII. day of June, MDCCCXXII.
+                                By command of
+                           HIS MAJESTY GEORGE IIII.
+
+We give a passing reference to Rotten Row, where, every evening during
+the season, may be seen one of the most animating and national spectacles
+of the metropolis; the fine gravelly road is then filled with equestrians
+of both sexes mounted on the most beautiful horses, and parading up and
+down to the admiration of the lounging spectators, whiling away their
+evening hour on the seats or rails skirting the road.  This road has
+lately been injudiciously widened, being unused some eight months in the
+year, and the crossing thereby rendered the more dangerous the remaining
+four.
+
+It is needless to speak here of the Great Exhibition of 1851: these pages
+are not to tell of its beauties, its results, or the enthusiasm it called
+into play; suffice it to say that our dear old Park was the scene of its
+glories.  We will hope that its peaceful memories may never be effaced
+from among the nations.
+
+HYDE PARK CORNER.—The earliest mention of this name I have met with is in
+the “Chronicle of Queen Mary,” &c., published by the Camden Society,
+where Wyatt is described planting his “ordenance over agaynst the parke
+corner.”  The name properly applies to that triangularly-shaped portion
+of the Park formed by the line from Stanhope Gate to Apsley House.
+Several interesting incidents have occurred at this spot deserving
+notice.  Here James I., in March, 1606, was met by his whole court and
+the House of Commons, with the Speaker at their head, to welcome him on
+his safe return from a hunting excursion near Woking, where it was stated
+he had been murdered.  Here, in 1625, Judge Whitelock sat on the grass
+which grew in the road, and with his retinue ate the dinner brought with
+them from the country, afraid to stay longer in London than absolutely
+necessary, the plague having just carried off thousands of people.  After
+his meal, he galloped to Westminster Hall, adjourned the courts, and
+quickly retired.
+
+By this road, on August 6th, 1647, Fairfax and his army, all with a
+laurel branch in their hats, entered from Kensington, accompanied by the
+House of Commons, to go to Westminster, the matter of the Declaration
+having been agreed to.  From Kensington to the fort here, a guard stood
+three feet deep; and at Hyde Park Corner they were met by the Lord Mayor
+and Corporation, come to congratulate them on their arrival.  “Lieut.
+General Cromwell’s regiment of horse” was among them, we are told: this
+was not his last appearance here.  When he returned from his Irish
+campaign, Fairfax and others met him at Hounslow; and as he approached,
+Colonel Barkstead’s regiment, drawn up in the highway at the Park Corner,
+saluted him.  In the journal of George Fox, the Quaker, too, is an
+anecdote of his meeting the Protector here.
+
+After the fight at Brentford, consternation being felt by the Londoners
+at the near approach of the Royal Army, a chain of forts was thrown up by
+the citizens, connected with each other by means of earth works and
+ramparts.  Whitelock says it was wonderful to see how the women and
+children, and vast numbers of people, would come and work at digging and
+carrying earth to the fortifications.  The newspapers of the day teem
+with curious particulars of the prevailing excitement; one day we read of
+five thousand felt-makers, another of four thousand porters, then of five
+thousand shoemakers, and six thousand tailors, all to assist in the
+pressing work.  Nor were the fair sex behindhand; Butler, in his
+“Hudibras,” alluding to this, says they
+
+    “March’d rank and file, with drum and ensign
+    T’ intrench the city for defence in,
+    Raised rampiers with their own soft hands
+    To put the enemy to stands;
+    From ladies down to oyster-wenches,
+    Labour’d like pioneers in trenches;
+    Fall’n to their pickaxes and tools,
+    And helped the men to dig like moles.”
+
+               [Picture: Fort—formerly at Hyde Park Corner]
+
+And Nash, in a note on this passage, says:—
+
+    “Ladies Middlesex, Foster, Anne Waller, and Mrs. Dunch, were
+    particularly remarkable for their activity.”
+
+One of these forts stood on the brow of the hill at Hyde Park Corner; it
+was a large one, consisting of four bastions, commanding the ascent and
+the adjoining fields.  Four years afterwards—no further use remaining for
+them—the House of Commons ordered their removal.
+
+Dr. King relates an interesting anecdote of Charles II. meeting his
+brother James at this spot, on his return from a hunting excursion, and
+escorted by a party of the Guards.  Charles, who was out for a stroll in
+the Park, of which he was very fond, was attended by but two of his
+Court.  The Guards recognising the King, halted; and James being
+acquainted with the cause thereof, stepped from his coach, and saluted
+his brother, but expressed his surprise to meet him there almost
+unattended, and thought he exposed himself to some danger.  “No kind of
+danger, James,” replied Charles, “for I am sure no man in England will
+take away my life to make you king.” {129}
+
+Respecting this interesting anecdote, a tradition tells us that Charles
+II. was very partial to a walk in Hyde Park, and that at the spot to
+which he limited himself generally he planted two acorns from the
+Boscobel Tree.  The trees from them grew at the north side of the
+Serpentine, just where the road turns off by the magazine towards
+Bayswater.  For many years they were fenced in, but one only now remains;
+the other, much decayed, was removed in 1854.
+
+              [Picture: Oak, planted by Charles the Second]
+
+Hyde Park Corner is now the most magnificent entrance to the metropolis;
+the entrances to the Parks, Apsley House, and, in the background, the
+glorious towers of Westminster, form a scene at once imposing and
+national.  Formerly the entrance was very mean; a turnpike blocked the
+way, and instead of the classic archways, paltry lodges and iron gates
+led to the parks.  Between the lodge and park side was a dead wall, eight
+feet high, built in the reign of Charles II., but removed in 1828.  The
+toll-house was sold by auction, October 4th, 1825, and cleared away
+immediately.
+
+                     [Picture: Hyde Park Corner—1824]
+
+The existing entrance to Hyde Park was completed in 1828, from designs of
+Mr. Decimus Burton; the frieze was designed by Archibald Henning; the
+ironwork by Bramah.  The Triumphal Arch leading to Constitution Hill was
+built about the same time; its beautiful gates were likewise the work of
+Bramah.
+
+From Hyde Park Corner the distances to the west are measured; a standard
+stood near to Apsley House till about 1827.
+
+KENSINGTON GORE was, as before shown, originally called
+Kyngsgore—firstly, because it belonged to the king; and secondly, from
+its peculiar shape; gore, an old English word, meaning “a narrow slip of
+land,” according to the old glossaries.  In Kent, the peasantry call a
+triangularly-shaped piece of ground a gore; and seamstresses use the word
+in a similar manner to the present day, to express a gusset or piece of
+stuff let into their work.  The early history of the Gore in connection
+with Kilburn Priory has been noticed; and here its modern story must be
+told.  From Prince Albert’s Road to Noel House is generally now
+considered as the Gore.
+
+Brompton Park Nursery was established during the reign of Charles II.
+During the greater part of the seventeenth century the land appears to
+have belonged to the Percivals, ancestors of the Earl of Egmont.  Philip
+Percival, the friend of Pym and Hollis, was born here in 1603.  Brompton
+Park appears to have extended from what is now called Cromwell Road to
+the road from Knightsbridge to Kensington.  Various properties were cut
+out of it; but the Percivals were here at least till 1675.  Soon after
+this date about sixty acres appear to have been formed into a nursery
+garden, the first ever established in this country.  It early excited
+great attention, more particularly about 1690–1700, when it belonged to
+George London and Henry Wise, the most celebrated gardeners of the time.
+Evelyn, in his “Diary,” records, on April 24th, 1694, taking “Mr. Waller
+to see Brompton Park, where he was in admiration at the store of rare
+plants, and the method he found in that noble nursery, and how well it
+was cultivated.”  Evelyn again alludes to the nursery in his “Sylva,”
+declaring that the “sight” of it “gave an idea of something greater” than
+he could express.  He speaks highly of the skill and industry here shown,
+and says the like is not to be met with in this or any other country.
+Bowack, writing in 1705, affirms that if the plants were valued but at
+one penny each, they would be worth above £40,000.
+
+Messrs. London and Wise translated from the French “The Complete
+Gardener,” published in 1701.  They were gardeners to William III.; and
+Kensington Gardens were laid out by them.  Wise also superintended the
+laying-out of Hampton Court; and Evelyn mentions visiting him there.
+After them, the establishment went through various hands; but when the
+surrounding fields were built on, the smoke injured the plants; and the
+railways bringing up fruit and vegetables cheaper than they could be
+brought to perfection at here, the business gradually diminished, and in
+1853 entirely ceased.
+
+Along an ancient wall separating the grounds from those of Cromwell
+House, a valuable collection of vines was planted, which were cultivated
+with great success.  This wall, the contents of the gardens, and the
+dwellings therein, were cleared away in 1855.  The following list of
+owners is chiefly taken from Faulkner:—
+
+1681.     Lukar and Co.      1714.     Smith and Co.
+1686.     Cooke and Co.      1756.     Jefferies and Co.
+1689.     Wise.              1788.     Gray and Co.
+1694.     London and Wise.      —      Gray, Adams, and Hogg.
+1700.     Swinhoe.           1849.     Adams and Hogg.
+
+Mr. James Gray, who was chief partner in this concern so long, died at
+Brompton in 1849.  He is mentioned with respect in Faulkner’s “History of
+Kensington.”
+
+Park House, a plain but spacious mansion, pulled down in 1856, adjoined
+Princes Gate.  It was divided from the road by a brick wall, part of that
+ancient one just mentioned, for this house stood within Brompton Park:
+hence its name.  Probably a more ancient mansion stood here; but the late
+one was for many years the seat of the Veres, bankers of the city of
+London.  Afterwards it became the residence of William Evans, Esq., M.P.,
+soon after whose death it was sold.
+
+Eden Lodge was the residence of Lord Auckland, Governor-General of India.
+Here he retired after his return, and died in 1849.
+
+Mercer Lodge, a small brick residence, was inhabited by Frank Marryat,
+son of the novelist, and himself an author of one or two books of travel.
+Mr. Henry Mayhew now resides here.
+
+Immediately adjoining is a row of five houses, called emphatically
+Kensington Gore.  All are faced with white stucco, are very small, and
+appear as if intended for the lodge of some great mansion never erected.
+Two of them, which seem to contain but one room, have, however, second
+storeys at the back, and good gardens, which, with the Park in front,
+render them very pleasant residences.  At one of these houses, in 1816,
+Mrs. Inchbald inquired after some lodgings which were to let.  The
+landlady was too fine a personage for the writer of “The Simple Story,”
+and so exacting in her demands that her applicant indignantly wended her
+way elsewhere.  No. 2, now called Hamilton Lodge, was once the occasional
+residence of John Wilkes.  The house was kept by Mrs. Arnold, mother of
+his second daughter Harriett, who married Mr. Serjeant Rough, afterwards
+an Indian judge.  Wilkes sometimes had high visitors here: Mr. Leigh Hunt
+quotes a memorandum of his, regarding a dinner here to Counts Woronzow
+and Nesselrode; and if we are to set down Sir Philip Francis as Junius,
+here Junius visited, as Mrs. Rough said, frequently; and when a child he
+once cut off a lock of her hair.  Wilkes to the last walked hence to the
+city, attired in his scarlet and buff suit, with a cocked hat and
+rosette, and military boots, a dress authorised by his position as
+colonel of militia.  The urn over the doorway Mr. Leigh Hunt imagines to
+have been placed there by him as an indication of his classic taste, and
+the supposition is most probably correct.  No. 5 was the residence for
+awhile of Count D’Orsay.
+
+GORE HOUSE.—In 1808, Mr. Wilberforce took this mansion (which had
+previously been the residence of a Government contractor) for his home.
+He found it, he says, more salubrious than his house at Clapham; and
+writes further, “We are just one mile from the turnpike at Hyde Park
+Corner, having about three acres of pleasure-ground around our house, or
+rather behind it, and several old trees, walnut and mulberry, of thick
+foliage.  I can sit and read under their shade, with as much admiration
+of the beauties of nature as if I were two hundred miles from the great
+city.”  Here he passed many years of his happy and useful life, his house
+the resort of those men who awoke our land from the deadly torpor into
+which years of fearful warfare had plunged it.  Here came Clarkson,
+Zachary Macaulay, Romilly, and others, to commune together on those
+measures which, to quote Channing, brought about “the most signal
+expression afforded by our times of the progress of civilisation and a
+purer Christianity.”
+
+Wilberforce was exceedingly partial to Gore House, and his friends appear
+to have always found a ready home within it.  In 1814, Mr. Henry
+Thornton, for many years M.P. for Southwark, and one of his most earnest
+supporters, came here for the benefit of the air and medical aid.  He
+lingered a few weeks, and died here January 17th, 1815, aged fifty-three.
+Isaac Milner, too, an early friend, who came to London to attend the
+Board of Longitude, died here after five weeks’ illness, on April 1st,
+1820.
+
+The following year Wilberforce quitted Gore House.  He retired to Marden,
+in Surrey, a lovely spot and an interesting locality; but he regretted
+leaving
+
+    “The still retreats that soothed his tranquil breast,”
+
+and often in after years alludes to his old home, its associations, and
+his “Kensington Gore breakfasts.”
+
+Great is the contrast Gore House next presents: strange are the
+mutabilities of a metropolitan mansion.  After the philanthropist, a few
+unknown persons held the place ere the next celebrity, one of a totally
+opposite character, reigned.  Lady Blessington—for to her allusion is
+made—came here in 1836; and the opposition of ideas called forth by such
+persons seems to have suggested to James Smith his
+
+                          GORE HOUSE: AN IMPROMPTU.
+
+    Mild Wilberforce, by all beloved,
+       Once own’d this hallow’d spot,
+    Whose zealous eloquence improved
+       The fetter’d Negro’s lot;
+    Yet here still slavery attacks
+       When Blessington invites:
+    The chains from which he freed the Blacks,
+       She rivets on the Whites.
+
+Lady Blessington came to Gore House in 1836; and the brilliant circle
+which thronged around her in Seamore Place was increased with the greater
+capabilities of the new residence.  Haydon, writing February 27th, 1835,
+says, “Everybody goes to Lady Blessington’s.  She has the first news of
+everything, and everybody seems delighted to tell her.  She is the centre
+of more talent and gaiety than any woman of fashion in London.”  To Gore
+House came novelists and dramatists, artists and actors, statesmen and
+refugees.  Here Louis Napoleon, just escaped from captivity at Ham, first
+came for the shelter of an English roof; and afterwards—deep lesson too—a
+few years later she went forth as privately perhaps as her guest had
+entered, from the palace of which she had been Queen, to seek in the
+capital of him whom she had harboured, that support she had so freely
+bestowed on him; the late refugee then having an empire rapidly falling
+into his hands; her object was not gained, and on this occasion “hope
+left a wretched one that sought her.”  Lady Blessington finally quitted
+Gore House April 14th, 1849.
+
+Marguerite, Countess of Blessington, was daughter of Edmund Power, a
+coarse, unfeeling squire of Tipperary.  She was born September 1st, 1790,
+and at fifteen married to a Captain Farmer, as brutal a character as her
+father.  They separated in 1807, and he, compelled to go to India, died
+there.
+
+Being denied a home under her father’s roof, she for some years lived in
+seclusion and study, but becoming acquainted with the Earl of
+Blessington, married him in February, 1818.  Then another phase of her
+life commenced, and their mansion in St. James’s Square was the resort of
+the most fashionable of the day.  Her beauty at this time was very great,
+and afforded a theme for the pen of Byron, and the pencil of Sir Thomas
+Lawrence.  With the poet she became acquainted during her well-known
+continental tour, during which the introduction to D’Orsay also took
+place.  Lord Blessington dying at Paris in 1825, his widow remained there
+till after the Revolution of 1830, when she returned to London.
+
+Connected with the story of Lady Blessington, that of Count D’Orsay is
+intimately woven.  He was a great favourite of Lord Blessington, whose
+daughter by his first wife was, when quite a young girl, fetched from
+school to marry him; and a promise also is said to have been given from
+the Count to his Lordship, and from the Count’s mother to Lady
+Blessington, that they (the Count and her Ladyship) would never leave
+each other.  Be that as it may, they lived together for above a quarter
+of a century, and increase of years seemed still stronger to consolidate
+the engagement.  D’Orsay led a gay and extravagant life in London,
+considerably beyond his means, in great measure appearing to consider his
+patronage sufficient payment.  He undoubtedly possessed great abilities,
+was an excellent artist, and a humourist of the first water.  But his
+conduct to his wife was cruel in the extreme; she was spurned by him
+entirely; he still pocketing an income from her father’s estates!  For a
+long time he could only make his exit from Gore House on Sundays, for
+fear of arrest, and his extravagancies vastly accelerated the day of
+retribution.  He and Lady Blessington retired to Paris, and Gore House
+was stripped of its contents by public sale.  There, whatever was the
+cause, they met not with the reception anticipated.  Lady Blessington
+died soon after, on June 4th, 1849.  D’Orsay designed her monument, and
+in little more than three years after his career was ended.  He died July
+1st, 1852.
+
+Gore House became, in 1851, Monsieur Soyer’s “Symposium for all Nations.”
+Here that celebrated minister of the interior provided international
+feasts, farewell banquets, &c.; and various amusements in the
+highly-decorated rooms conduced to the public pleasure.  The gardens were
+beautifully laid out and ornamented with sculpture, while the interior
+testified to the industry and taste of Madame Soyer in the art of
+painting.  In February, 1852, all was again dismantled, its _Baronial
+Hall_ and _Encampment of all Nations_ being sold by auction.
+
+Gore House was shortly afterwards purchased by the Royal Commissioners of
+the Great Exhibition of 1851.  The whole estate comprised about
+twenty-one acres, added to which were Gray’s Nursery Grounds, Park House,
+and Grove House, and various market-gardens, the grounds of Cromwell
+House, and other lands belonging to the Earl of Harrington and the Baron
+de Villars.  Acts of Parliament were passed legalising the plans of the
+Commissioners, and in accordance various old footpaths, &c., were
+stopped, and houses removed.  A complete revolution has been effected,
+two magnificent roads leading from the Gore to Cromwell Road at Brompton
+have been formed, and at length Gore House itself was doomed.  Its
+materials were sold by lots on July 17th, 1857, and soon after the
+building was removed.
+
+Grove House, adjoining Gore House, was for many years the residence of
+Lady Elizabeth Whitbread, widow of the celebrated statesman.  With Gore
+House it has, since 1852, been used for schools and offices of the
+department of Science and Art.
+
+Beyond this spot our description does not extend: the district of All
+Saints and manor of Knightsbridge stretch much further, but such parts
+have been already described by Mr. Faulkner.  Ere, however, I quite leave
+the Gore, it must be mentioned that, among others, Carrington Bowles, the
+celebrated printseller, had a house, and died here June 20th, 1793.  The
+Rev. Thomas Clare, vicar of St. Bride’s, Fleet Street, and an author of
+some repute, also at one time resided here.
+
+KINNERTON STREET is so called from an estate belonging to the Grosvenor
+family.  Here is a dissecting school and anatomical museum attached to
+St. George’s Hospital.
+
+KNIGHTSBRIDGE GREEN, formed by the junction of the Kensington and Fulham
+Roads, was formerly of greater extent than at the present time.  It was
+formerly the village green in reality, and its last Maypole was preserved
+as lately as 1800.  At its east end was, till about 1835, a watch-house
+and pound, and Addison, in a humorous paper in the “Spectator,” alludes
+to it.  Proposing to satisfy by home news the craving for intelligence
+occasioned by the just concluded war, he writes,—“By my last advices from
+Knightsbridge, I hear that a horse was clapped into the pound on the
+third instant, and that he was not released when the letters came
+away.”—(_Spectator_, No. 142.)
+
+The greater part of the Green is now covered by Middle Row, a medley of
+very inferior houses.  On the north side is an old inn (rebuilt in 1851)
+called after the bluff Marquis of Granby.  The soldier has been
+dethroned, and Sir Joseph Paxton promoted in his stead.
+
+    Vernon, the Butcher Cumberland, Wolfe, Hawke,
+       Prince Ferdinand, Granby, Burgoyne, Keppell, Howe,
+    Evil and good, have had their tithe of talk,
+          And fill’d the sign-posts then as Wellesley now.
+
+William Moffatt, who in conjunction with Frederick Wood, surveyed London
+and published a valuable and clever map of the levels thereof, lived at
+this time in Middle Row.  His coadjutor still lives (in indigent
+circumstances) in the locality.
+
+The small plot of ground railed in, is said, by a very general tradition,
+to have been the spot where the victims of the plague from the Lazar
+House and elsewhere in the hamlet were buried.  I have strong reasons for
+placing faith in this tradition; and in 1808, some human remains found
+where now stands William Street were buried here, it being considered the
+proper spot for such.  King’s Row, built in 1785, has not a cellar to a
+single house for this reason.  At its end is a detached brick building,
+the school-house of All Saints district.
+
+A market was held here till the beginning of the present century for
+cattle every Thursday; the last pen-posts were not removed till 1850.  A
+fair was also held here annually on July 31st.
+
+Grosvenor House, which formed with Mr. Rogers’ premises one tenement, was
+for many years the residence of the Gosling family, who were for a long
+while connected with the hamlet.  Francis Gosling, Esq., an eminent
+banker, lived here; he died February 25th, 1817.  Bennett Gosling, Esq.,
+his nephew, resided in Lowndes Square, where he died, May 12th, 1855.
+
+The “Pakenham” was built as the hotel for an intended railway terminus.
+On its site was an old house, many years the residence of Mr. Egg, the
+founder of the well-known firm of gunsmiths in Piccadilly.
+
+KNIGHTSBRIDGE TERRACE till within the last five-and-twenty years had not
+a shop in it.  Every house was private, and had a deep basement area in
+front.  The corner house, now divided, was for many years Mr. Telfair’s
+“College for the Deaf and Dumb.”  James Telfair died in 1796, aged 84;
+his son, Cortez Telfair, died April 23rd, 1816, aged 65.  Both were
+buried at Kensington, and in the church is a tablet to their memory.  It
+states Cortez Telfair to have been celebrated for his literary
+attainments; but what these were I have not been able to learn, other
+than that, in 1775, he edited “The Town and Country Spelling Book.” {147}
+
+In one of the houses immediately facing the Chapel resided for many years
+Maurice Morgann, Esq., author of an “Essay on the Character of Falstaff,”
+and Under-Secretary of State to the first administration of Lord
+Shelburne.  He was also Secretary to the Embassy for ratifying the Peace
+with the United States in 1783.
+
+Besides his remarkable “Essay on Falstaff,” he published “Remarks on the
+Slave Trade,” a useful and earnest pamphlet.  In the “Gentleman’s
+Magazine,” December, 1815, a writer endeavoured to fix on him the
+authorship of the “Heroic Epistle to Sir William Chambers,” now known to
+have been concocted by Mason and Walpole, but published under the
+pseudonyme of “Malcolm M‘Gregor, of Knightsbridge, Esq.”  But Dr.
+Symmons, Morgann’s friend and executor, denied the ownership, and
+declared his repeated injunctions were, that all his papers should be
+destroyed, and that he never published any but those with his name.
+Symmons had previously said, “Some of those writings destroyed, in the
+walks of politics, metaphysics, and criticism, would have planted a
+permanent laurel on his grave.” {148}  Mr. Morgann is one who has an
+honourable niche in Boswell’s inimitable “Life of Johnson.”
+
+Morgann afterwards removed to High Row, where he died March 28th, 1802,
+in his seventy-seventh year.  “As a man, he stood detached from the
+general contagion of the age he lived in; neither complying with the
+vices of the great, however familiar or seductive, nor with their
+frivolities, however general or imposing.  His mind was compounded of
+pure and simple elements, which inseparably mixed in his business, his
+friendships, and intercourse with all mankind; and it was often no less
+pleasing to his friends, than to the lovers of virtue in general, to see
+with what lustre those plain but prepossessing colours outshone the glare
+of fashion, and the accommodating varnish of modern morals.” {149a}
+
+LOWNDES SQUARE, so named from William Lowndes, Esq., of Chesham, to whom
+the land belongs.  According to Dr. King, rector of Chelsea (1694 to
+1732), in his MS. account of that parish, {149b} this site at one time
+belonged to a Benedictine convent.  It certainly formed part of the gift
+of Edward the Confessor to the Abbey, but has been in lay hands ever
+since the Reformation.  At about where William Street joins the Square
+stood a large detached house, formerly a place of amusement, and known as
+Spring Garden.  Dr. King mentions it as “an excellent Spring Garden.”
+{149c}  And among the entries of “The Virtuosi, or St. Luke’s Club,”
+Established by Vandyke, is the following allusion:—
+
+    “Paid and spent at Spring Gardens, by Knightsbridge, forfeiture £3 15
+    shgs.” {149d}
+
+That enjoyable chronicler, Pepys, too, I fancy alludes to Spring Gardens
+in the following entry in his “Diary.”  It must be premised that the
+hearty clerk of the Admiralty had been to Kensington, and there, as was
+frequently his wont, had had what he innocently and amusingly terms a
+“frolic”:—
+
+    “June 16, 1664.  I lay in my drawers, and stockings, and waistcoat
+    till five of the clock, and so up, and being well pleased with our
+    frolic, walked to Knightsbridge, and there ate a mess of cream, and
+    so to St. James’,” &c.
+
+And again he chronicles (April 24th, 1665) a visit to the Park.  “But the
+King being there, and I now-a-days being doubtful of being seen in any
+pleasure, did part from the town, and away out of the Park to
+Knightsbridge, and there ate and drank in the coach and so home.”
+
+Spring Gardens was at this time a name applied to almost all places of
+outdoor recreation, the appellation being borrowed from the celebrated
+garden near Charing Cross.  But Pepys speaks also of a place of
+entertainment called “The World’s End,” at Knightsbridge, which I believe
+could have been only the sign adopted by the owner of this garden for his
+house.  Pepys, on another occasion relating that he went forth to Hyde
+Park, was “_too __soon to go in_, so went on to Knightsbridge, and there
+ate and drank at the World’s End, where we had good things, and then back
+to the Park, and there till night, being fine weather, and much company.”
+(“Diary,” May 9th, 1669.)  Again, on May 31st in the same year, he
+records going “to the World’s End, a drinking-house by the Park, and
+there merry, and so home late.”
+
+Congreve, in his “Love for Love,” alludes, in a regular woman’s quarrel,
+to the place:—
+
+    _Mrs. Frail_.—Pooh, here’s a clutter!—Why should it reflect upon
+    you?—I don’t doubt but you have thought yourself happy in a hackney
+    coach before now.  If I had gone to Knightsbridge, or to Chelsea, or
+    to Spring Garden, or Barn Elms, with a man alone—something might have
+    been said.
+
+    _Mrs. Foresight_.—Why, was I ever in any of those places!  What do
+    you mean, sister?
+
+    _Mrs. Frail_.—Was I? what do you mean?
+
+    _Mrs. Foresight_.—You have been at a worse place.
+
+    _Mrs. Frail_.—I at a worse place, and with a man!
+
+    _Mrs. Foresight_.—I suppose you would not go alone to the World’s
+    End?
+
+    _Mrs. Frail_.—The World’s End!  What do you mean to banter me?
+
+    _Mrs. Foresight_.—Poor innocent; you don’t know that there is a place
+    called the World’s End.  I’ll swear you can keep your
+    countenance—surely you’ll make an admirable player.
+
+    _Mrs. Frail_.—I’ll swear you have a great deal of impudence, and, in
+    my mind, too much for the stage.
+
+    _Mrs. Foresight_.—Very well, that will appear who has most.  You
+    never were at the World’s End?
+
+    _Mrs. Frail_.—No.
+
+    _Mrs. Foresight_.—You deny it positively to my face?
+
+    _Mrs. Frail_.—Your face! what’s your face?
+
+    _Mrs. Foresight_.—No matter for that, it is as good a face as yours.
+
+    _Mrs. Frail_.—Not by a dozen years’ wearing.  But I do deny it,
+    positively, to your face, then.
+
+    _Mrs. Foresight_.—I’ll allow you now to find fault with my face; for
+    I’ll swear your impudence has put me out of countenance.  But look
+    you here now; where did you lose this gold bodkin?—Oh, sister!—oh,
+    sister!
+
+    _Mrs. Frail_.—My bodkin!
+
+    _Mrs. Foresight_.—Nay, it is yours—look at it.
+
+    _Mrs. Frail_.—Well, if you go to that, where did you find this
+    bodkin?  Oh sister! sister! sister every way!
+
+    _Mrs. Foresight_.—Oh! devil on’t that I could not discover her
+    without betraying myself.  (_Aside_.)
+
+The house belonging to this garden stood till about 1826.  For many years
+it was the residence of a Dr. C. Kelly, who here had an anatomical
+museum.  He resided here in 1773, and quitted it about 1805.  The house
+was afterwards tenanted by a gentleman named Bowes; and the museum became
+the auction-room of Mr. Herring.  About 1818, Warren, builder to George
+III., took the premises; he turned the whole into workshops.  After him
+came Mr. Cubitt, who, about 1828, procuring a lease from Mr. Lowndes,
+pulled the whole down, and laid out the ground for buildings.  The first
+houses were erected about 1836–7, but it was not till 1849 that the
+square was wholly completed.
+
+Various relics of the Civil War have been found on this site: arms,
+spurs, bits, cockades, &c.; and relics telling of a different kind of
+struggle—staves and handcuffs, evidences of successful rencontres between
+the footpad and the constable.  A path by the stream’s side ran along to
+Bloody Bridge, proceeding thence to Ranelagh.  On grand gala nights such
+paths were protected by patrols and the more able of the Chelsea
+Pensioners.
+
+Among the eminent inhabitants of Lowndes Square may be enumerated the
+late Sir William Molesworth and Mr. Leader, M.P. for Westminster, at No.
+1; Mr. M. J. Higgins, celebrated for his contributions on military
+matters to the _Times_, also lived at No. 1.  He is thus delineated by
+Mrs. Gascoigne in her poem, “Belgravia:”—
+
+    “Nor whilst my muse still haunts these favourite bounds,
+    Shall she forget to sing thy Square, O Lowndes!
+    Harbour of peace, near which the troubled sea
+    Of human traffic roars unceasingly,
+    Yet enters not—though day by day it swells
+    Fiercer and fiercer; at the opening dwells
+    A man whom rage and clamour ne’er withstood,
+    The well-known champion of the neighbourhood!
+    Him all who seek oppression view with fear,
+    For sharp his wit, his mind acute and clear!
+    With subtlest force, he wields the powerful pen.
+    But aims it at abuses, not at men!
+    Him Vestries know, and Rate Collectors dread,
+    For cool his spirit—hard his reasoning head;
+    And though a giant in his strength he be,
+    Yet free from Tyrant’s love of rule is he;
+    And whilst men seek, and to his judgment bend,
+    They find in him a leader and a friend.” {154}
+
+Mrs. Gascoigne, author of “Belgravia,” “Spencer’s Cross Manor House,”
+“The Next Door Neighbours,” and other works, resides at No. 14.  Admiral
+Sotheby, one who fought at the Nile, lived at No. 38, and died January,
+20th, 1854.  Sir Henry Campbell, who died in 1856, Sir Willoughby Cotton,
+Mr. Tite, M.P., Mr. Brassey, the extensive contractor, Mr. Whiteside,
+M.P., Mr. R. B. Wingfield, and Mr. Malins, M.P., number also among the
+inhabitants of Lowndes Square.
+
+The row of houses on the south side was designed by Mr. Lewis Cubitt, and
+with greater regard to architectural effect than anything of its kind
+then in the metropolis.  It was built in 1843.
+
+LOWNDES TERRACE—A row of shops between William Street and Sloane Street,
+occupying the site of a row of old-fashioned houses, of two storeys high,
+with pleasant gardens in front and rear, giving the roadway quite a rural
+appearance.  The house at the eastern end belonged to one Banting, who
+built some projecting shops over the front gardens in 1815, and named the
+row Waterloo Market.  His expectations were not realised; and in 1823
+these old premises were removed, and the present houses erected.  There
+were but six houses.  At No. 5 resided, fifty years ago, Andrews, an
+artist of some repute in his day; and at No. 6 for some years lived the
+mother of Rodwell, the author and composer; and her son’s early years
+were partly passed at this pleasant spot.
+
+At the west end of this row a narrow lane, called Porter’s Lane, led to
+the fields.  On its right-hand side, and divided from it by a hedge,
+stood a large detached mansion, known as Knightsbridge Grove, approached
+through a fine avenue of stately trees from the highway.  For many years
+a man named Hicks, a “sporting character,” kept the place, and George
+IV., when Prince of Wales, and others of similar tastes, were led hither.
+Mr. Egg, the gunmaker, once erected a large wooden building for some
+balloon experiments in the grounds.  And this was, I believe, the house
+where the notorious Teresa Cornellys attempted to recover her bygone
+reputation.
+
+Teresa Cornellys was a native of Germany; and early showing an
+inclination to music, was brought up to it as a profession, and soon
+became celebrated on the Continent as a public singer.  Having
+accumulated a considerable sum of money, she came to England, about 1757;
+and her fame gradually becoming known, she was induced, in 1763, to open
+Carlisle House, Soho Square, as a place of public entertainment.  None
+but the upper classes were admitted, and the rooms were decorated in the
+most costly manner.  Her balls, concerts, and masquerades soon gained
+great celebrity, being carried on in a most glaring and extravagant
+style.  And this was not all: her masquerades were characterised, not
+only by indecency, but also by mockery of the most solemn feelings and
+principles. {157a}  The lessees of the theatres were injured by her
+popularity, and stimulated the outcry which began to arise; and at length
+she was convicted before Sir John Fielding for performing dramatic
+entertainments without a licence.  The opposition of the managers, and
+the Pantheon opening with a class of amusements somewhat similar in 1772,
+with the restraint imposed by the magistrate’s decision, combined to ruin
+her; and in August, 1772, her effects were sold by auction, and she
+became a bankrupt. {157b}
+
+The allusions to Mrs. Cornellys in contemporary literature are
+innumerable; Murphy, in his Epilogue to _Zobeide_, 1771, refers to her
+popularity:—
+
+                      “Oh, farewell!
+    For her each haunt that charms a modern belle!
+    Adieu, Almack’s!  Cornellys’! masquerade!
+    Sweet Ranelagh!  Vauxhall’s enchanting shade!” &c.
+
+This allusion will suffice for one view of her career.  The opposite is
+severely described by Combe, in his satire “The Diabolady,” published in
+1777:—
+
+    “The ready ministers of hell’s commands,
+    Obedient fly, and take their several stands
+    At Court, Cornellys’, and the Coterie;
+    Where vice, more vicious by effrontery,
+    Fearless, unblushing, braves the eternal laws
+    Of God and man to aid the devil’s cause.”
+
+After her bankruptcy she followed her profession for several years at
+various places in London, but in 1785 was obliged to retire from the
+importunities of her creditors.  Ten years after, to the great surprise
+of the public, she reappeared at Knightsbridge as Mrs. Smith, a retailer
+of asses’ milk.  A suite of breakfast-rooms was opened; but her former
+influence could not be recovered.  The speculation utterly failed; and at
+length she was consigned to the Fleet Prison.  There she ended her
+shallow career, dying August 19, 1797.
+
+Immediately beyond the entrance to the Grove stood Messrs. Downing’s
+floor-cloth manufactory, formerly Morley and Downing’s.  It was a
+pleasant detached house, with a clean white front, and conspicuous green
+verandahs.  It was pulled down in 1823, and the manufacturing department
+removed to the King’s Road.
+
+MONTPELIER SQUARE, so called from the salubrity of its air, {159} was
+built about 1837.  Mr. Fairholt, the distinguished artist and antiquary
+(at No. 10), Mr. Walter Lacy (38), Dr. Morison (27), and the Rev.
+Mackenzie Walcot, to whose writings on the city of Westminster I owe
+several obligations, are among its residents.
+
+NEW STREET, built, I believe, about 1773, was a new street across the
+fields to Sloane Street, and is the point dividing Knightsbridge and
+Brompton—formerly, according to the landladies, a very “respectable”
+street; it has in our day sadly changed.  At No. 7, Chalon, the animal
+painter, resided; and at No. 6, the Right Hon. David Pigott in 1824 and
+’25, while studying under Mr., afterwards Chief Justice, Tindal.  Mr.
+Godwin, the editor of the _Builder_, also in his boyhood.  In Exeter
+Street resided a family named Perrin, one of whom it has been said was
+employed by the Duchess of Kingston to furnish a place of meeting between
+Prince George, afterwards George III., and his fair _inamorata_, Hannah
+Lightfoot. {160}  The Perrins appear to have long resided in
+Knightsbridge; entries of the name occur in the registers of Trinity
+Chapel as far back as 1680.
+
+PARK SIDE, abutting on the south side of Hyde Park, is a part of the
+manor of Knightsbridge, although eastward of the stream, and is the
+freehold of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster.  The Birkheads were once
+the lessees; at present it is rented by the descendants of Mr. Gamble, of
+Trinity Chapel.  The row of petty shops at its east end were erected
+about fifty years since, the houses formerly extending no further than
+the one now occupied by Miss Marshall.  The Knightsbridge Bank, a private
+concern, was carried on in Mr. W. Stocken’s house, and these shops were
+offices belonging thereto.
+
+Just within the park is a conduit, which supplies the palace with spring
+water; a descent of three steps in the main road led to a receptacle for
+its supply to the inhabitants of Knightsbridge, which still exists in
+another form.  Close to this “spring,” as it is termed, the stocks were
+placed for the punishment of village sots and rogues.  No hamlet around
+the “great wen,” as Cobbett called the metropolis, was without one.
+Taylor, the water-poet, says—
+
+    “In London, and within a mile, I ween,
+    There are of jails or prisons full eighteen,
+    And sixty whipping-posts, and stocks, and cages!” {161a}
+
+At No. 10 resided for many years John Read, a man of great benevolence of
+character, of scientific celebrity, and of high repute in the locality.
+He was born in 1726, and being brought up as a mathematical
+instrument-maker, settled in Knightsbridge about 1754.  He became known
+for his researches into electricity, {161b} and published, in 1793, an
+octavo volume, entitled “A Summary View of the Spontaneous Electricity of
+the Earth and Atmosphere,” an accurate and judicious work; but it led him
+into a controversy with Dr. Peart, a writer on the same subject.  He also
+studied meteorology, and a journal on that subject he contributed to the
+“Philosophical Transactions.”
+
+Other points of his history are told on the stone to his memory in St.
+George’s Ground, Bayswater, where he was buried.  The inscription I
+subjoin:—
+
+                                Sacrum Memoriæ
+                                      of
+                                MR. JOHN READ,
+                        Mathematical Instrument Maker,
+                                 a Native of
+                            WHALLEY IN LANCASHIRE,
+                                 who died at
+                                KNIGHTSBRIDGE
+                  (where he had resided nearly sixty years)
+                     on the 22nd day of September, 1814,
+                         in the 88th year of his Age.
+
+    Without Patron, or Patrimony, by the honest fruits of Industry, he
+    laid the foundation of an easy competence.  More indebted to Prudence
+    than Fortune for his acquisitions; but to Temperance alone for his
+    length of days.  A deep Researcher of the latent causes of Nature’s
+    Phenomena; her vital Principle, he held in obedience, while he
+    enriched the science of Electricity with his experiments.  Pleased in
+    the pursuit of Knowledge, and happy in the practice of Virtue; He was
+    a Philosopher with a benevolent heart, the Father of the
+    Knightsbridge Charity School; of the Free School of his native place
+    the Revivor.  He lived an Example worthy of imitation, and died
+    without a groan.
+
+    Thus lived John Read, and so his spirit fled
+    And here his ashes mingle with the Dead.
+
+Mr. Thomas Goding, founder of the well-known brewing firm, lived at No.
+12.
+
+The Queen’s Head, an old inn next the Chapel, was pulled down in 1843.
+The house was once very curious inside, but had been considerably
+altered.  On its removal the date 1576 was found inscribed in the
+brickwork.
+
+The White Hart was more curious than the Queen’s Head, and retained its
+characteristics to the last, when it was removed for the Albert Gate
+improvements.  Human remains, various ancient implements, and coins were
+turned up below its foundation.  A filthy court ran from it along the
+bank of the stream.  I have seen a memorandum of agreement by which a
+house next door to the White Hart was let in 1694 for _five pounds per
+annum_.
+
+PRINCES GATE.—Two terraces are so called, very absurdly. {163}  The real
+gate is an entrance to the Park opposite, named after the Prince of
+Wales, and opened in October, 1848.  It stands on the highest plot of
+ground between Hyde Park Corner and Windsor Castle.
+
+Of the western terrace Mr. Leigh Hunt complains that “each house is too
+high for its width,” and says “they resemble a set of tall thin gentlemen
+squeezing together to look at something over the way.”  I cannot agree
+with Mr. Hunt’s humour, and consider them a very handsome and pleasing
+row.  Mr. Elmes, architect of St. George’s Hall, was designer, I believe,
+and Mr. Elger the builder; the eastern row was finished in 1851, the
+western in 1855.  At No. 23, Vice-Chancellor Parker resided for a short
+while before his death.  Between the two terraces stands
+
+KINGSTON HOUSE, built about 1770, a large and pleasant mansion, and when
+first erected attracting notice by the conservatory attached to it.  In
+this conservatory is a large window, representing a garden scene, painted
+by John Martin when a pupil of Charles Muss, the enamel painter.
+
+Elizabeth Chudleigh was daughter of a Devonshire gentleman, who died when
+she was very young; but her mother having interest with Mr. Pulteney, she
+was appointed, at the age of eighteen, maid of honour to the Princess of
+Wales, mother to George III.  In the aristocratic circle into which she
+was now introduced, she soon became a great favourite, and more than one
+young scion of nobility cast a lover’s eye towards her.  The young Duke
+of Hamilton was, however, the successful one; and the pledge of affiance
+passed mutually.  He set forth on his travels, and she retired to the
+residence of an aunt, Mrs. Hanmer, where she found one of the most
+frequent visitors was the Hon. Mr. Hervey.  He seems to have made up his
+mind instantly; but aware of her pledge to the duke, he induced Mrs.
+Hanmer to intercept their letters.  The result of the scheme was as
+Hervey expected: no letters arriving, Miss Chudleigh believed herself
+slighted; and wrought on by the persuasions of Mrs. Hanmer, agreed to
+accept Captain Hervey.  They were married privately, August 4th, 1744,
+but separated the day after, she continuing to fill her office as maid of
+honour.  The dissimulation this compelled her to practise was probably
+the main cause of her after misfortunes; it was only by the knowledge
+that he would be compelled to maintain her, that Captain Hervey could be
+induced not to assert his claim; and her union being unknown at Court,
+she was still as much courted as ever.  Home came Hamilton—he had been
+faithful to her—and demanded that explanation she was not able
+(unaccountably to him) to give, offered his hand again, which, of course,
+she was compelled to refuse.  His despair was excessive; inquiries were
+made, and the duplicity of Mrs. Hanmer unveiled.
+
+Unfortunately, instead of allowing time to soothe her sorrows, she began
+to drown them in a manner which showed a disregard of her sex and
+position.  To escape the torrent of torment, she resolved to travel; but
+unwilling to go alone, was indiscreet enough to advertise in the
+newspapers for a companion.  She succeeded, and off they started; but, as
+might have been expected, were soon tired of each other, and separated at
+Berlin.  Here she was introduced to the great Frederick, who treated her
+with great distinction.
+
+Returning home, she plunged into all the dissipation which then
+characterised society in the metropolis; but again her husband crossed
+her path and seemed determined to claim her, and finding remonstrance
+useless, she resorted to the dishonest stratagem of tearing out the leaf
+bearing the register of her marriage.  Her husband had now no power to
+prove their union, as the clergyman who performed the ceremony was dead.
+This step she soon regretted; for Captain Hervey, succeeding to the
+Earldom of Bristol, by his father’s death, her vanity made the rank of
+Countess very acceptable, and through the clerk she succeeded in
+replacing in the register-book the leaf she had abstracted.
+
+Such was her position when the Duke of Kingston offered her his hand.  Of
+course such was impossible; and accordingly they lived together for
+several years, but with such observance of external decorum, that though
+a moral, it was not an evidenced certainty.  Her husband, on negotiations
+being opened, refused to gratify her with the title of Duchess; but a
+separation afterwards suiting his own wishes, he agreed not to oppose her
+application for a divorce, and the necessary proofs being withheld, it
+was granted.  She now attained her wishes, and was married to the Duke
+March 8th, 1769.
+
+While the Duke lived, the legality of the marriage was not questioned;
+but he died September 24th, 1773, and left her his whole fortune, on
+condition she did not marry again—a restraint she was by no means
+inclined to abide by.  She, however, set out for Rome, where Ganganelli
+gave her apartments in the palace of one of his cardinals, and otherwise
+showed her distinction.  Here, however, her gaiety was soon stopped by
+news of a disagreeable nature from home.
+
+A Mrs. Cradock had been present as a domestic at her marriage with Lord
+Bristol, and, being in reduced circumstances, applied to the Duchess’s
+solicitor for relief; he, discrediting her tale, refused any, on which
+she went to Mr. Evelyn Pierrepoint, nephew of the Duke, and informed him
+of every particular.  He thereupon preferred an indictment for bigamy
+against the Duchess, of which being informed, she, after surmounting
+various obstacles, landed at Dover, and was immediately bailed before
+Lord Mansfield, preparatory to taking her trial.
+
+Before, however, that came on, an unexpected enemy appeared.  Foote,
+imagining the case to afford capital material for his wit, wrote a piece,
+called “The Trip to Calais,” in which the Duchess was cleverly satirised
+as _Lady Kitty Crocodile_.  Foote, whose real object was to obtain a sum
+of money to suppress the piece, contrived to let her know what was astir;
+and the Duchess, alarmed for once most terribly, sent for him.  He waited
+on, and read her a part of his play.  She felt the sting, and rose in
+great passion, declaring his delineation scandalous.  He denied that the
+character was intended for her ladyship, and the play was left for her
+perusal.  An intimation was made as Foote expected; but he refusing the
+offer of £1,600, and declaring he would not abate one shilling from the
+£2,000 demanded, he lost all; for her friends interceding with the Lord
+Chamberlain, he sent for, and censured the play.  Foote published a
+letter of remonstrance, but the Duchess making every preparation for an
+action at law, he was completely defeated.  A paper-war ensued, in which
+Foote had the advantage, greatly to the amusement, if not edification, of
+the public.
+
+On April 15th, 1776, her trial commenced in Westminster Hall, Lord
+Bathurst sitting as Lord Steward.  She was convicted; but pleading the
+privilege of the peerage, was discharged with a caution.
+
+She left England immediately, and passed the rest of her life abroad.
+She purchased a magnificent estate near Fontainebleau, where she died,
+August 20th, 1788. {170a}
+
+After the death of the Duchess of Kingston, her mansion at Knightsbridge
+became the residence, successively, of Sir George Warren, Lord Stair,
+Lord Listowel, and the Marquis of Wellesley, brother of the great Duke of
+Wellington, and himself one of the foremost statesmen of the time.  He
+resided at Kingston House some years, living in great retirement, and
+died in it September 26th, 1842, in his 83rd year. {170b}
+
+Kingston House was, after Lord Wellesley’s death, again the residence of
+the Earl of Listowel, to whom the freehold belonged; and it is at present
+inhabited by his son, the present earl. {170c}
+
+QUEEN’S BUILDINGS, commenced about 1770, and was named after Queen
+Charlotte.  That part of it between Sloane Street and Hooper’s Court was
+originally called Queen’s Row, the remainder Queen’s Buildings,
+Knightsbridge, and at one time Gloucester Buildings.
+
+First, I will notice Queen’s Row.  Here, in 1772, the celebrated
+engraver, William Wynne Ryland, resided.  Ryland was born in 1732, and,
+inclining towards the profession of an engraver, became a pupil of Simon
+Revenet, then established in this country.  On quitting him, his
+godfather, Sir Watkin Williams Wynne, sent him to Paris, where he studied
+under Francis Boucher, and J. P. Le Bas.  After four years sojourn he
+returned to England, and was appointed engraver to the King.  He was the
+first person who introduced into this country the style of engraving in
+the chalk manner, applying himself chiefly to the pictures of Angelica
+Kauffman.  This system he greatly improved, and in it had no equal.
+
+Strutt laments that his “mercantile engagements should have occupied so
+valuable a part of his precious time, and prevented his pursuing the art
+with that alacrity his genius required, which seemed formed for great and
+extensive exertions.”  He commenced business originally in Cornhill, but
+here became bankrupt.  He afterwards came to Knightsbridge, where he
+resided till the dreadful act was discovered which consigned him to the
+gallows.
+
+On July 26th, 1783, he was tried before Judge Buller, for forging a bill
+of exchange for £200.  He well-nigh escaped; the forgery being so
+beautifully executed that it was only the evidence of the paper-maker
+which convicted him.  Great exertions were made to save him, but
+fruitlessly; and he was executed at Tyburn, August 29th, 1783.  A few
+months after, the stream being cleared of some of its mud, in order to
+widen the roadway within the Park, a tin box containing some of the
+unfortunate man’s plates for counterfeiting banknotes, was discovered.
+{172}
+
+No. 14 (corner of Hooper’s Court) was from 1792 to 1797 the residence of
+Mr. J. C. Nattes, an artist of celebrity in his time.  About the year
+1800 this house became the residence of the celebrated Arthur Murphy.
+
+Arthur Murphy was born at Cork in 1727.  Early in life he was sent to St.
+Omer’s, where he studied till his eighteenth year, when he returned to
+Cork, and passed two years as clerk in a merchant’s counting-house.  At
+the end of this time he came to London, and entered a banking-house in a
+similar capacity.  But literature captivated him, the drama especially,
+and it soon absorbed his mind.
+
+    [Picture: The House in which Murphy lived, 14, Queen’s Buildings]
+
+His first publication, the “Gray’s Inn Journal,” commenced October 21st,
+1752, and continued for nearly two years.  But his prospects changing by
+an uncle’s death, he, in October, 1754, betook himself to the stage,
+appearing at Covent Garden, and performing _Othello_, _Hamlet_,
+_Macbeth_, &c.  But it was apparent an actor’s life he could not follow;
+Churchill severely lashed him in the “Rosciad,” and Murphy retaliated in
+an ode, an effusion as coarse as his opponent’s attack.
+
+To literature he now mainly turned his attention.  In 1756 he produced
+“The Apprentice,” a farce, for Garrick; in 1758 “The Upholsterer,” and in
+the ensuing two years “The Orphan of China,” “The Desert Island,” and
+“The Way to Keep Him;” and in 1761 he published “All in the Wrong,” “The
+Citizen,” and “The Old Maid.”
+
+In the year 1757 he applied for admission to the Middle Temple, but, on
+the ground of being an actor, was refused; he, however, induced Lord
+Mansfield to interfere on his behalf, and through this influence he
+entered Lincoln’s Inn.  He was called to the Bar in 1762, and eventually
+became leader of the Norfolk Circuit.  Lord Loughborough also gave him a
+Commissionership of Bankrupts—an office he held till his death.
+
+The study of “Coke upon Littleton” was not, however, sufficiently
+attractive to wean him from his literary pursuits, and several plays, all
+of which were highly popular, appeared in rapid succession.  Among these
+were his celebrated “Grecian Daughter” and “Know your own Mind.”  This
+latter piece, published in 1777, was written for Mr. Harris, and was the
+last he brought on the stage.
+
+Besides these he also published an edition of Fielding’s works, with a
+preliminary essay on his life and writings, an “Essay on the Life and
+Genius of Dr. Johnson,” a translation of Tacitus, and various others.
+
+In 1788 he retired to Hammersmith, where he resided till 1800; he then
+came to Knightsbridge, and here, with the exception of a short time in
+Brompton Row, he resided till his death.  In this house his “Life of
+Garrick” was written; he appears to have been happy and comfortable in
+it, occupying the first and second floors, and having a neat and
+intelligent landlady, whose interest he secured by procuring her son a
+presentation to Christ’s Hospital.  He died June 18th, 1805, frequently
+repeating during the day the couplet of Pope—
+
+    “Taught half by reason, half by mere decay,
+    To welcome Death, and calmly pass away.”
+
+It was to Murphy, Johnson owed his introduction to Mr. Thrale.  “I
+question,” says Madame D’Arblay, “if Mr. Thrale loved any man so well.”
+With Reynolds and Burke, too, he was intimate, and reviewed the latter’s
+“Essay on the Sublime and Beautiful.”  At Knightsbridge he became
+intimate with Maurice Morgann; but from the singular construction put by
+the latter on the characters of Shakespeare’s plays, silence on these
+points was bespoke in their interviews.  Morgann died before Murphy, who
+deeply regretted, Mr. Foote tells us, his friend’s death. {175}
+
+At the corner of Sloane Street, and occupying the site of the first four
+houses in it, was the Swan, an ancient and well-known hostelrie—a place
+of great trade in former times.  The sign still exists at No. 5, Sloane
+Street; and that of the “Clock House” is also the same.  Indeed the
+latter was only the “tap” to the former, and the separation of interests
+has not occurred above forty years.  The old house was pulled down about
+1777 or 1778.  Otway, in “The Soldier’s Fortune,” alludes to it:—
+
+    _Sir Davy Dunce_.—“I have surely lost, and ne’er shall find her more.
+    She promised me strictly to stay at home till I came back again; for
+    aught I know, she may be up three pair of stairs in the Temple now;
+    or it may be, taking the air, as far as Knightsbridge, with some
+    smooth-faced rogue or another; ’tis a damned house that Swan,—that
+    Swan at Knightsbridge is a confounded house.”
+
+Tom Brown also celebrates the Swan; and Dr. Wolcot (Peter Pindar) lays
+the scene of one of his coarse effusions there:—
+
+    “At Knightsbridge, at a tavern called the Swan,
+    Churchwardens, overseers, a jolly clan,
+    Ordered a dinner for themselves—
+    A very handsome dinner of the best, &c.”
+
+Beyond Hooper’s Court (so called from its owner) Mr. J. G. Huck, an
+artist, lived at No. 11; Ozias Humphry in 1792 and 1793 at No. 19
+(Mitchell’s).  At 21, Thomas Trotter, an ingenious engraver and
+draughtsman, especially in portraits.  He died February 14th, 1803, and
+was buried in the Broadway ground, Westminster.
+
+At No. 7 resided Michael Underwood, M.D., one of the most distinguished
+members of the medical profession then living.  He wrote several
+professional works, which, notwithstanding the advance of the science,
+yet maintain their reputation.  He attended Caroline of Brunswick at the
+birth of the Princess Charlotte.  Was a very benevolent man and the
+gratuitous adviser to the poor of the whole neighbourhood.  He died here
+March 14th, 1820.
+
+RUTLAND HOUSE, a large red-brick mansion, occupied the site of the
+present Rutland Gate.  John, Duke of Rutland, who bore the sceptre at the
+coronation of George III., and once filled the office of Lord Lieutenant
+of Ireland, died here May 29th, 1779, aged 88.  The celebrated Marquis of
+Granby, his son, also resided here. {177}  The whole estate, consisting
+of above six acres, was offered for sale by Mr. Robins in 1833, but was
+bought in, and in a year or two after the house was pulled down, and the
+land let for building.  It belongs to Furzon Manners, Esq., now, a
+descendant of the Viceroy.
+
+Rutland Gate was commenced in 1838, and completed as far as Clytha House
+in 1840.  The remainder has been built since, the whole being completed
+in 1856.
+
+The large detached house on the western side (24) was built by John
+Sheepshanks, Esq., the distinguished patron of British Art, who here
+gathered together that choice and valuable collection which he has so
+nobly presented to the nation.  The collection was removed early in 1857.
+
+Clytha House, the residence of Lord Edward Howard, was built for Mr.
+Jones, of Clytha, who here gathered a collection, chiefly of the early
+Italian schools, which was sold May 8th, 1852.
+
+                      [Picture: The Half-way House]
+
+Poor Eliot Warburton dated the second edition of his “Crescent and the
+Cross” from Rutland Gate; at 21 resides Mr. Edward Corbould, one of our
+finest delineators of female beauty; No. 22 was the residence of the
+Marchioness Wellesley, widow of the eminent statesman; Mr. Albert Way,
+the antiquary, Mr. Cotton and Mr. Prescott, both governors of the Bank of
+England, also number among the residents of Rutland Gate.  Nearly
+opposite the western end of Rutland Gate, built in the roadway, stood an
+old inn, of very bad character at one time, called the “Halfway House.”
+An unusual array of stabling, troughs, pig-styes, &c., in a very
+unsightly manner, were built along the causeway; and over the door were
+several proofs of the faith in the old superstition that horse-shoes were
+a preventive to the visits of evil spirits.  In one sense the charm was
+not efficacious, the house, from its lonely situation, being a resort for
+the highwayman and footpad.  A curious notice of a trial is given in
+“Knight’s London,” where the thief-taker stated that if not met about
+this spot, they should not have caught the robber at all: a proof of
+their frequency, indeed!  Jerry Abershaw is said to have been a visitor
+here, and when the house was pulled down a secret staircase from a small
+chamber in the western part of the house was found built in the wall, to
+lead gradually down into the stables.  Many a villain, doubtless, thus
+escaped when the officers of justice were close upon him.
+
+The “Halfway House” was pulled down in 1846 at an expense of £3,050, in
+addition to the purchase of the fee. {180}
+
+ST. GEORGE’S HOSPITAL.—A number of gentlemen of the medical profession,
+dissenting from the system of management carried on at Westminster
+Hospital, broke off their connection with it, and engaged Lanesborough
+House for a new institution, conducted under their own auspices.
+
+     [Picture: Lanesborough House, afterwards St. George’s Hospital]
+
+Lanesborough House is described by Pennant as the _country house_ of the
+eccentric nobleman immortalised by Pope:—
+
+    “Old politicians chew on wisdom past,
+    And totter on in business to the last,
+    As weak, as earnest, and as gravely out,
+    As sober Lanesbro’ dancing with the gout.”
+
+He caused the following quaint distich to be inscribed on the house front
+in reference to its situation:—
+
+    “It is my delight to be
+    Both in town and country.”
+
+The allusion of Pope to the dancing propensities of this nobleman is
+curiously borne out by the fact, that when Prince George of Denmark died
+he sought an interview with the widowed Queen, and advised her to dispel
+her grief by following his favourite amusement.  Not till disabled
+entirely by the gout did he give up this relaxation.  The “Golden
+Gallery” around the dome of St. Paul’s was gilded at his expense.
+
+Lanesborough House was of red brick, three storeys high, with one small
+doorway, approached by three or four steps to the centre; the new
+authorities added two wings, also of red brick, and on January 1st, 1734,
+the institution was opened, having been established on October 19th,
+1733.
+
+One of those who took a leading part in this foundation was John Allen,
+apothecary to the household of George I., George II., and George III.
+successively.  He remained a governor till his death, on March 17th,
+1774.  Another staunch supporter was the celebrated anatomist, Cheselden,
+the friend of Pope and other literary men.  Some of his greatest
+operations were performed here.  He was also surgeon to Chelsea Hospital,
+and in its graveyard lies buried.
+
+The hospital gradually increased in wealth and usefulness, till in 1784
+the governors issued advertisements asking for increased aid to prevent
+its decay.  This arose from the fact that a large legacy left by a Mrs.
+Crayle caused an idea to be spread abroad that further aid of this kind
+was hardly wanted.  Its legacies had been a main source of income; they
+now fell off, and the Crayle bequest being reversionary, the income
+rapidly fell, and at Christmas, 1783, the institution was above £1,900 in
+debt; but a third of the profits of the Handel Festival held in
+Westminster Abbey in 1784 enabled the governors to overcome their
+difficulties.
+
+The celebrated John Hunter was one of the eminent men who have been
+connected with St. George’s Hospital.  He was appointed surgeon in 1768,
+and always took an active part in its management.  Here on October 16th,
+1793, his life was suddenly terminated.  He had long disputed a matter of
+right with his colleagues, and in an altercation he was flatly
+contradicted, when a trifling address might have turned aside the
+quarrel.  He rushed into an adjoining room and there fell into the arms
+of Dr. Robertson, one of the physicians, and his life was gone in an
+instant.
+
+The increasing prosperity and demand on the Hospital proved at last that
+the old building did not afford the necessary accommodation, and
+accordingly its destruction was resolved on.  This was effected in 1827,
+and the present building erected from designs by Wilkins.  The old front
+was towards Hyde Park; the new one faces the Green Park, and is rendered
+imposing by its bold and massive tetrastyle portico, supported by square
+columns.  Besides its numerous wards, here are a chapel, museum,
+lecture-room, and private apartments.  The museum, so valuable to the
+surgeon, is not adapted for the public, unless to point a moral to the
+vicious and unwary.  The mere curiosities are interesting; among them is
+the half-sovereign taken from Mr. Brunel’s windpipe, by Sir Benjamin
+Brodie, presented by its proprietor; the hide of the cow from which
+Jenner took the first vaccine matter; a packet of needles, which came
+simultaneously from the frame of a young lady, money and knives from
+patients’ stomachs, and other similar relics.
+
+One regular fund is yet wanting to render the institution complete.  Many
+a fellow-creature, who is entirely destitute, enters here, and, when
+recovered, re-enters the world, without a roof to shelter his weakened
+frame, or the wherewithal to obtain the common necessaries of life.  Of
+late this has been to a certain extent remedied.  A porcelain slab has
+been let into the wall (a corner-stone of faith it has been called)
+bearing the simple inscription—“In aid of those patients who leave this
+Hospital homeless and in need.”  Ought such an appeal to rest solely on
+the charity of the busy multitudes passing by?  To announce such a fund
+would, I believe, ensure its success.
+
+In the burial-ground of St. George’s parish at Bayswater, is a headstone
+inscribed—
+
+               “Sacred to the Memory of the Rev. James Clarke,
+                   who died June 9th, 1811, aged 85 years.
+        During fifty-one of which he discharged the duties of Chaplain
+       to St. George’s Hospital, with credit to himself, and benefit to
+                              the Institution.”
+
+St. George’s Hospital formed a theme for one of Miss Landon’s poems.
+
+ST. GEORGE’S PLACE, till of late years, consisted of old-fashioned
+houses, about two storeys high.  About 1827 the first improvement was
+made by the opening of Wilton Place, and gradually these old houses have
+been pulled down to make room for superior ones.  Towards the upper end,
+these houses were detached.  In one of them lived a Captain Warner, one
+of the heroes of Quebec.  About 1829, Liston lived at No. 7, and at No.
+12 for many years resided Mr. Richards, a well-known London auctioneer,
+who died here in 1810.
+
+At No. 14 resided for many years the mother of Mr. Justice Burton, to
+whom belonged the freehold of this strip of land.  She died here in 1799.
+Her son, Mr. Justice Burton, resided for many years in the house at the
+west corner of the entrance to the Barrack.  Bred to the law, he became
+Recorder of Oxford and a King’s Counsel, and in July, 1778, was appointed
+one of the judges of Wales and Chester.  He represented Woodstock and
+Oxford in several Parliaments, supporting the ministry of William Pitt,
+and at last became Father of the Benchers of Lincoln’s Inn.  He died in
+Brook Street, December, 1832, aged 89.  The freehold mentioned was
+originally vested in the Laremar family.  The first one of whom anything
+is known, was one William Laremar, captain of the Loyal Rebecca, a ship
+trading to Virginia in 1676, a time when the colony was disturbed by the
+rebellion of Nathaniel Bacon; the use of the vessel was given to the
+governor, Sir William Berkeley, by whom Laremar was appointed Commodore
+in St. James River, and was “maynly instrumental in the suppression of
+that rebellion and mutiny,” for which good service he received
+compensation from the Admiralty, the secretary of which was then Samuel
+Pepys.  From the Laremars the property passed to the Burtons, from them
+to the Coles, and it is now enjoyed by Owen Blayney Cole, Esq.  Liston
+also resided at 14 many years; and the next house was once tenanted by
+the Tathams, one of whom married Adam Adolphus, brother of the celebrated
+counsellor.
+
+In No. 3 of the present houses lived General Campbell, an old Peninsular
+veteran.  He died in June, 1852.  No. 10 is the residence of Mr.
+Coningham, M.P. for Brighton, and 11, of James Goding, Esq.
+
+The “White Horse Inn” was formerly established on the site of No. 11.;
+afterwards it was removed to the corner of the entrance of the Foot
+Barracks, but was pulled down in September, 1856, with three houses, one
+of which was Liston’s.  Nos. 15 to 20 were built in 1849–50.
+
+From the corner of Wilton Place the row extends ten houses further.  No.
+28 was Mr. Blore’s, the statuary’s.  A house which stood at the corner,
+and narrowed the entrance to Wilton Place very considerably, was removed
+about 1841.  For many years a Mrs. Dowell carried on the business of
+tobacconist here.  She was an eccentric old damsel, and so exceedingly
+partial to the late Duke of Wellington, that she was continually
+inventing some new plan whereby to express her regard.  She sent him
+occasionally patties, cakes, and other similar _delicacies_, and as it
+was useless to attempt to defeat the old woman’s pertinacity, everything
+was taken in.  To such a pitch did she carry this mania, that I have
+heard she regularly laid for him at her table, constantly expecting he
+would call in.  With her lodged William Pickett, who lived in
+Knightsbridge the greater part of his life.  A gravestone in St. George’s
+ground tells his short history:—
+
+            “Sacred to the memory of Mr. William Pickett, artist,
+           who died at Knightsbridge, on the 23rd day of May, 1821,
+                               aged 45 years.”
+
+I must not leave St. George’s Place without a notice of John Liston.  He
+was born in 1776; and his father, who lived in Norris Street, giving him
+a superior education, he, in 1795, became second master at Archbishop
+Tennison’s school near Leicester Square; but thus early the stage appears
+to have fascinated him, for he quitted his situation for acting plays
+with the elder boys.  He then went into a mercantile house in the City.
+
+When Liston first appeared on the stage is not accurately known; but the
+following note from a celebrated manager of the time appears to prove
+that to him, at least, he was well known.  It is as follows,—_verbatim_:—
+
+    “SIR,
+
+    “Your not favoring Me with an answr Relative to the I-dea of the
+    Cast, I at Random (tho’ very ill) Scratch’t Out, Makes it Necessary
+    for Me to have Your Opinion, in Order to Prevent Aney Mistake.  I am,
+
+                                                                     “Sir,
+                                                    “With every Good Wish,
+                                                              “Yours, &c.,
+                                                         “TATE WILKINSON.”
+
+He now followed the stage as a profession, and obtained engagements at
+various provincial establishments; among others, at Newcastle-on-Tyne,
+under Stephen Kemble.  The first comic part he performed was the very
+subordinate one of _Diggory_, and even in this little part contrived to
+throw that irresistible originality of humour for which he afterwards
+became so celebrated.  I have seen the copy the actor learnt from, with
+his erasures, interlineations, &c.
+
+His first acknowledged appearance on a London stage was at the Haymarket,
+on June 10th, 1805, as _Sheepface_, in “The Village Lawyer.”  On the same
+evening Miss Tyrer made her re-appearance after a lapse of three years.
+She was soon after to become his wife, and they were married on Sunday,
+March 22nd, 1807, at St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields.  Their mutual friend,
+Charles Taylor, the celebrated _Noodle_, in “Tom Thumb,” gave the wedding
+breakfast.  The union proved a happy one; one son and daughter were its
+issue.  The former entered the army; the latter married Rodwell, the
+composer.
+
+It is impossible, in this sketch of Liston’s life, to notice all his
+various performances and successes.  His leading triumphs can alone be
+glanced at.  In January, 1823, he commenced a £50 per week engagement at
+Drury Lane, as _Tony Lumpkin_; and in May, 1824, George IV. commanded the
+“Hypocrite,” and heartily encored _Mawworm’s_ mock sermon.  It was a
+favourite part of Liston’s, and his performance of it inimitable.  I have
+seen a letter from a distinguished living actor, who had played the part,
+he says, “greatly against the grain, well recollecting Mr. Liston’s
+unapproachable excellence in it.”
+
+In the ensuing year he reached the pinnacle of his fame by his
+impersonation of _Paul Pry_.  The popularity of the piece was immense,
+and chiefly through the unequalled ease and skill with which he acted his
+part.  His well-known countenance was to be met with in every conceivable
+form, in plaster and clay, in china and butter, in the centre of pocket
+handkerchiefs, tobacconists’ “screw” papers, and in a variety of other
+ways, his unbounded success with the public was attested.
+
+In 1831 he joined Madame Vestris, and performed with increasing
+popularity until the end of the season 1837.  He never took a farewell
+formally of the stage; and the last time he ever performed was for the
+benefit of James Vining, in Planché’s “Peculiar Position;” and as
+_Monsieur Champignon_ he ended his professional career.  It was, I
+believe, known to his friends that this would be his last appearance, and
+the following address was written by Rodwell on this occasion.  It has
+never, I believe, been published:—
+
+    “Liston, farewell! for once the Comic Muse
+    Looks vex’d and dismal, griev’d with thee to part;
+    And heaves true sighs from her reluctant heart,
+    While virgin tears her clouded eyes suffuse,
+    By sorrows forc’d, despite of struggling art.
+    Her mask avails not now.  Her faltering voice
+    Betrays the o’er-mastering passion in her soul;
+    For she must lose the servant of her choice,
+    Who made her chariot merrily to roll,
+    When he the Coachman played; and not less great
+    As the mock Marquis help’d her mimic state
+    Absurdly grave; or at his tricks again
+    As gay-hair’d Figaro swell’d her menial train,
+    Pompous and plausible, serene and sly,
+    With witty impudence, and humour dry.
+    Expert at all trades, too, with _last_ or _block_
+    Alike to _comb_ or _cobble_ wig or sock;
+    This he exactly fitted to her toe,
+    In walk, or jig, or gallopade to go;
+    And that so quaintly, whimsically curl’d,
+    It grew the merry wonder of the world.
+    Ney, just to keep the top or sole together,
+    He’d patch the Sock ev’n with the Buskin’s leather,
+    That she might follow in her sister’s path
+    With pewter poison-pot, and dirk of lath;
+    While he stalk’d on in Dollabella’s train,
+    A lord, of whom the Court might well be vain.
+       Our tears, O Liston! must with hers be blended
+    To see, too soon, thy comic labours ended.
+    And haply, oft when other servants bear
+    Some mawkish viand of our bill of fare,
+    Oft shall we turn dissatisfied, and wish
+    For Liston’s sauce, to help th’ insipid dish;
+    Whose very look and air were quite enough
+    To win our favour for the cook’s worst stuff.
+    Or, if the dish be good, provoked to see
+    Some clumsy serving-man instead of thee.
+    How shall we think, regretful of thy merit,
+    Who served up all with such bewitching spirit,
+    As made the best seem better, and the cook
+    To thee beholden, more than to his book,
+    However puff’d by papers, or by rumour:—
+    Thou great Original in comic humour!”
+
+    31st May, 1837.
+
+Nor was this the only tribute Liston received; numerous were the attempts
+made to induce him to alter his decision, but he was inflexible, and it
+remained irrevocable.  One of several letters I have seen I include here,
+notwithstanding its writer is living; but he cannot regret to see a
+letter given to the world showing such ability and excellent feeling.  It
+is as follows:—
+
+                                               T. R. C. G., Dec. 18, 1839.
+
+    MY DEAR MR. LISTON,—My mother has told me of one or two half-laughing
+    conversations she has had with you, on the subject of your delighting
+    the public with a few performances.  Jest sometimes leads to earnest,
+    and, on the principle of never throwing away a good chance, I venture
+    to send you this to say, that should such a joyful occurrence be
+    within the verge of possibility at any time, you may consider
+    yourself King of Covent Garden; act when you please, what you please,
+    and as long as you please; stop when you please, take what money you
+    please, and be sure that, do whatever you please, you cannot fail to
+    please.  More than this I cannot say, except that you shall be
+    allowed to sweeten your own tea, and, when you are too late for
+    rehearsal, beat the prompter.  In plain English, and in sober
+    earnest, if you will make up your mind to gratify us by playing a few
+    of your old parts, everything that mortals can do to make you
+    comfortable and happy shall be done, and we shall be most proud in
+    being the caterers of a national treat.
+
+    I will not bore you more—only say the word, and we are “at your
+    feet.”
+
+    Ever yours, with kind regards to Mrs. Liston, very truly and very
+    faithfully,
+
+                                                            C. J. MATHEWS.
+
+Liston wrote a copy of his answer on the fly-leaf of this letter as
+follows:—
+
+    MY DEAR MR. MATHEWS,—Notwithstanding the skill you exhibit in
+    endeavouring to arouse my dormant vanity, be assured, once for all,
+    it cannot prevail to overcome the unalterable determination I came to
+    when I quitted the stage, never to reappear professionally before the
+    public.  Not only should I consider my reassuming the cap and bells,
+    at my advanced age, a moral indecorum; my decaying strength also
+    would render the experiment too hazardous, and I have no doubt were
+    Mr. Wakley the coroner to have to preside at an inquest on my
+    remains, he would—as he did the other day, in the case of a poor old
+    woman who drank herself to death—suggest to the jury the propriety of
+    returning a verdict of _Felo-de-se_.
+
+    Accept, however, my very grateful thanks for your liberal proposal,
+    as well as for the terms in which the offer has been conveyed; they
+    bring back a pleasing remembrance of the position we stood in to each
+    other a few years back, to which, though for a time interrupted, I
+    trust we are once again happily restored.
+
+    Mrs. Liston joins me in sincere hopes for the continual prosperity of
+    you and yours, and believe me (once again my _dear_ Charles),
+
+                                              Your friend and well wisher,
+                                                                J. LISTON.
+
+This correspondence, so interesting and so creditable to both parties,
+shows Liston to have had a kind heart and joyous disposition, and that
+such can exist with the highest notions of moral responsibility.
+Liston’s private life was retired and becoming, the love of literature,
+acquired early, never left him; few persons were greater students than
+he, and his knowledge of the Scriptures is said to have been very
+extensive.
+
+The illness which terminated his life first attacked him four years
+previously, in the form of apoplexy.  The last attack came on suddenly,
+on March 16th, 1846, and he never spoke again.  He lingered till the
+ensuing Sunday, when he died in the arms of his wife.  That same day, and
+almost that same hour (half-past ten), thirty-nine years previously, and
+_on a Sunday too_, she had sworn “to love and to cherish till death
+should them part,” and thus literally she fulfilled her vow.
+
+He lies at Kensal Green; over his grave rises a column, bearing the
+following inscription:—
+
+    “Sacred to the Memory of John Liston, who died March 22nd, 1846, aged
+    73.  He lived many years an ornament to his profession, and died much
+    respected and regretted.”
+
+Mrs. Liston survived her husband eight years.  Born about 1780, she
+became a pupil of Kelly, and made her first London appearance in 1800.
+She was always a favourite with the public, the very appropriate part of
+_Queen Dolabella_, in “Tom Thumb,” being generally considered her best.
+She died at No. 28, Brompton Square, whither she removed from
+Knightsbridge, September 19th, 1854.
+
+Behind St. George’s Place was formerly a foot-barrack, established about
+1758.  It continued to be used as a depot until 1835 or 1836, when
+Government sold the remainder of their lease.  On part of the drill
+ground St. Paul’s Church is built, and the barracks are let out as
+tenements.  Over a portion of its parade-ground Mr. Dunn built the St.
+George’s Gallery, for his “Chinese Collection;” the “Exhibition of Modern
+Art” was also, with other attractions, located here; among them Mr.
+Gordon Cumming, with the relics of his African exploits.  The lease of
+this property is just expiring, and various improvements are
+contemplated.
+
+TATTERSALL’S.—Richard Tattersall, founder of this well-known
+establishment, was born in 1723.  He became training-groom to the last
+Duke of Kingston, after whose death, I presume, he started on his own
+account at Hyde Park Corner, as I find he sold off the Duke’s stud, and
+an injunction was applied for, December 14th, 1774, to prevent payment of
+the money to the Duchess, then under indictment.  In 1775 frequent
+advertisements of Tattersall’s show that his business rapidly progressed,
+and his establishment soon became the head-quarters of the sporting
+world.  That it early gained an aristocratic fame is proved by the
+allusion in “The Belle’s Stratagem,” first performed in 1782:—
+
+    “_Flutter_: Oh, yes! I stopped at Tattersall’s as I came by, and
+    there I found Lord James Jessamy, Sir William Wilding, and Mr. —.
+    But, now I think of it, you sha’nt know a syllable of the matter; for
+    I have been informed you never believe above one-half of what I say.”
+
+Richard Tattersall died February 20th, 1795, aged 72.  Two portraits of
+him are still in his descendants’ possession; from one of them a portrait
+in “Knight’s London” is engraved. {198}  He was succeeded in his business
+by his only son, Edmund, who carried it on until his death, January 23rd,
+1810.  His son, Edmund, who founded the foreign trade, then succeeded;
+who dying December 11th, 1851, the business came to its present
+proprietors.
+
+The entrance to Tattersall’s is from Grosvenor Place, down a deep descent
+under an unpretending archway.  At the bottom is a tavern, bearing the
+appropriate sign of “The Turf,” opposite to which is a gateway, leading
+into a circular-shaped inclosure, on the skirt of which is a gravel path
+encircling a grass-plot, from the centre of which rises a solitary tree;
+here the horses are tried and examined.  The subscription room—a well
+proportioned one—was designed by Mr. George Tattersall, author of
+“Sporting Architecture.”  Over the mantelpiece of the counting-house hang
+the regulations, dated 1780.  In the courtyard is a domed structure
+surmounted by a bust of George IV. in his eighteenth year, at which
+period of life he was a frequent visitor.  Beneath this dome is a pump,
+surmounted by the figure of a fox.  A writer in the “Sporting Magazine”
+(June, 1852) stated that “Tattersall’s annual average of horses brought
+to the hammer, is estimated at £45,000,” and that he believed “there were
+97 stalls, and 13 loose boxes, or standing for 110.”  The chief business
+days are Mondays and Thursdays.
+
+TREVOR SQUARE, so named from Sir John Trevor, who had a house on its
+site, was built about 1818.  The freehold is still that of his
+descendant, Lord Duncannon; hence the names to be met with here are
+derived, such as Hill Street, Arthur Street, Duncannon Cottage, &c.
+
+At No. 1 in the square lived the notorious Harriette Wilson; and Mrs.
+Andrée, a descendant of the Umfreville, whom William the Conqueror styled
+his kinsman, died here in 1836.
+
+Trevor Chapel, one of the largest places of worship in the metropolis,
+belonging to the Independents, was built about 1817, under the ministry
+of the Rev. John Morrison, D.D.  He is still its nominal minister, but
+his great age and infirmities preclude any active duty.  The officiating
+pastor is the Rev. John Statham.  Dr. Morrison is beloved not only by his
+congregation, but by the whole community of London Dissenters.  He is
+known also as the author of several theological works, the best of which
+is a “Commentary on the Psalms.”
+
+In the last century a portion of the land about this part was rented by a
+French Protestant refugee family, named Moreau, of which General Moreau
+was a member.  They returned to France about eighty years since. {200}
+
+All this land one hundred and fifty years ago was the property of Sir
+John Trevor, many years Master of the Rolls.  He was second son of John
+Trevor, of Bynkinsalt, Denbighshire, Esq., by an aunt of the infamous
+Chancellor Jeffreys, and was born about 1638.  After a very lowly
+education, he was taken by a relative, Arthur Trevor, a barrister, as his
+clerk.  Here he assiduously applied himself to the study of the law, and
+afterwards entered the Inner Temple, and was called to the bar.  His
+advancement was very rapid, for, entering the House of Commons, he upheld
+the Royal Prerogative to an extreme, denying the right of Parliament to
+inquire into its exercise.  He took a prominent part in the unjust
+prosecution of the unfortunate Lord Strafford, and strenuously defended
+Jeffreys when he obstructed the right of petitioning in the great
+controversy between the _Petitioners_ and _Abhorrers_.
+
+When James II. called his only Parliament in May, 1685, Trevor, who sat
+for Denbigh, was, through the Government influence, elected Speaker.
+{201}  The new Parliament, however, did not suit James, and at the
+commencement of a second session was dissolved.  Trevor’s obsequiousness
+was rewarded with the Mastership of the Rolls, an office to which he was
+appointed October 20th, 1685.  It is said he aimed now at the
+Chancellorship, and, with that object, endeavoured to injure Jeffreys by
+aiding the outcry against him on the occasion of the shameless case of
+Alderman Cornish.
+
+In July, 1688, Trevor was sworn of the Privy Council; but William of
+Orange soon after landing, with characteristic meanness he held aloof,
+but when James returned after his first flight, imagining a reaction was
+come, declared in his favour; his hopes proved transitory, and he
+therefore joined the High Tories, who wished to make William Regent only.
+He, however, was declared King, and Trevor was removed from the Rolls.
+
+In 1690 a new Parliament was called, and Trevor joined the more moderate
+of the two sections into which his party was divided; and having offered
+to support the new King, and also bring over partisans from the opposite
+camp, if restored to the Speaker’s chair, his proposal was agreed to; and
+so well did he perform his part, that William in a few weeks appointed
+him First Commissioner of the Great Seal, he still retaining the
+Speakership, and in less than two years, his successor at the Rolls
+dying, he was restored to that position also.  But great inconvenience
+resulted, and on May 2nd, 1693, the Great Seal was given to Somers.
+
+In 1694 a great agitation was manifested in the House of Commons, in the
+belief that the Court, and even the House itself, was tainted with
+bribery.  A committee was appointed, and on the 12th March, 1695, Mr.
+Foley, the chairman, read its report, which implicated Trevor; and a
+debate arising, a resolution was proposed “That Sir John Trevor, Speaker
+of this House, receiving a gratuity of 1,000 guineas from the City of
+London, after passing of the Orphans’ Bill, is guilty of a high crime and
+misdemeanour.”  This motion Trevor had the mortification to put from the
+chair, and the unparalleled humiliation of declaring it unanimously
+carried.  The House immediately adjourned, and two days after he resigned
+the chair, and on the 16th a motion for his expulsion from the House was
+carried, and a new writ issued for the borough he represented. {203}  He
+was, strangely enough, permitted to retain his Mastership of the Rolls,
+and no further proceedings were taken against him.  The rest of his life
+he wisely spent in his judicial office, never again withdrawing from it
+for politics.  He died at his house in Chancery Lane, May 20th, 1717, and
+was buried in the Rolls Chapel.
+
+Trevor’s character, on the whole, is but a poor one; a selfish ambition
+appears to have made him consider the end, and not the means, the chief
+object of his care.
+
+His circumstances, doubtless, compelled him to practise a rigid economy,
+which, as he advanced in years and position, grew into meanness.  But it
+would be unjust not to mention the redeeming points in his career.  Lord
+Campbell states that “he was not only an upright but an enlightened
+judge, and he pronounced many decrees which to this day are considered of
+high authority.”  No charge of bribery or favouritism was ever brought
+against him in the fulfilment of his judicial duties.  “He had a villa at
+Knightsbridge,” says Lord Campbell, “then almost a day’s journey from
+London, and he has been absurdly censured for occasionally hearing cases
+at his private residence, a practice all equity judges sometimes must
+necessarily follow.”  And notwithstanding his niggardly disposition he
+founded six almshouses in St. Martin’s parish, Shropshire, and provided
+also several other charities.  He left issue an only daughter, Anne, who
+married Michael Hill, of Hillsborough, Esquire, who had two sons—Trevor,
+who became heir to the Hills, and was ancestor of the Marquis of
+Downshire, and Arthur, who inherited this property, assumed the name of
+Trevor, and was, April 27th, 1765, raised to the peerage as Viscount
+Duncannon; and from him the present freeholder is descended.
+
+William Street was built about 1830.  At No. 11 resided for many years
+Lady Morgan, whose works occupy too distinguished a place in our
+literature to need mention here.  Mrs. Gascoigne, in her poem,
+“Belgravia,” after sketching the portrait of Mr. Higgins, as before
+given, describes Lady Morgan as follows:
+
+    “Nor his the only pen Belgravia’s bounds
+    Can boast, whose glory far and wide resounds!
+    Endowed with manly powers, a woman’s quill
+    Can treat and master every theme at will;
+    And in her wisdom’s energetic scope,
+    Put down a _Wiseman_, and unchair a _Pope_.”
+
+The last line alludes to the controversy so cleverly sustained by her
+ladyship, as to the genuineness of St. Peter’s Chair—a paper war, forming
+a capital chapter for a future Disraeli, and the only amusing episode
+connected with the Papal Aggression of 1851.
+
+WILTON CRESCENT was commenced in 1826 by Mr. Seth Smith.  At No. 24 for
+many years lived Mr. Hallam, the celebrated historian.  Here the great
+_literati_ of our times were wont to meet, for Mr. Hallam’s assemblies
+were of the most celebrated and intellectual.  At No. 16 the late Lord
+Dudley Stuart once resided; it is now the residence of Mr. Richardson.
+No. 20 is the town-house of the Earl of Winchelsea, the “Protestant
+Earl;” 39 was the residence of the Rev. W. Bennett; and 30 of Lord John
+Russell, before his removal to Chesham Place.  Mr. Baron Watson resides
+at 38; and Mr. Milner Gibson at No. 50.  Lord Chewton, who so gallantly
+fell in leading his men at the Battle of Alma, lived at 37.
+
+WILTON PLACE, occupying the site of a cow-yard, into which there was a
+narrow entrance from the main road, was built in 1827.  At No. 15 Sir
+James Macdonald, the gallant defender of Hougoumont, lived, and died
+there in May, 1857; also the Hon. Thomas Stapleton, an antiquary, at 13;
+Mr. Westmacott at 21.  The Chisholm used to occupy 35; and Miss Reynolds,
+the actress, still resides at No. 4.
+
+With Wilton Place these notices of Knightsbridge (proper) close; mention
+of those eminent persons whose _locale_ cannot be traced will, I think,
+appropriately finish this chapter.
+
+RICHARD BENSLEY, the celebrated actor of the last century, resided the
+latter part of his life at Knightsbridge.  Appearing for the first time,
+in 1765, as _Pierre_ in “Venice Preserved,” he maintained a good
+reputation as an actor for a lengthened period, not quitting the stage
+till May 6th, 1796.  He had the honour to deliver Johnson’s prologue to
+Goldsmith’s “Good-Natured Man;” and as _Pierre_, _Iago_, and _Hotspur_,
+his fame stood high among his contemporaries.  He was appointed
+barrack-master at Knightsbridge (he had in early life been in the army),
+which appointment he held till his death in 1817.
+
+THOMAS HARRISON, a poet, a friend of Addison and Swift—“my own creature,”
+the latter calls him—who brought over the celebrated Treaty of Utrecht,
+died at Knightsbridge, on February 14th, 1713.  He was a _protégé_ of
+Swift, who describes him, in 1710, as “a young fellow we are all fond of;
+a little pretty fellow, with a great deal of wit, good sense, and good
+nature.”  He was then tutor to a son of the Duke of Queensbury on _forty
+pounds a year_; Swift introduced him to the Ministry, and he was sent out
+as Secretary to the Embassy to arrange the Peace of Utrecht, St. John
+presenting him with fifty guineas to bear his expenses.  Less than two
+years had elapsed on February 11th, 1713, when Swift, returning from a
+dinner, found a letter on his table from Harrison, telling him he was
+ill, and desired to see him.  He went in the morning, found him suffering
+from fever and inflammation, harassed and penniless; got thirty guineas
+for him from Bolingbroke, and a Treasury order for £100 of his arrears of
+salary.  He then removed him to Knightsbridge for change of air.  On
+February 14th, Swift writes,—“I took Parnell (the poet) this morning, and
+we walked to see poor Harrison.  I had the £100 in my pocket.  I told
+Parnell I was afraid to knock at the door.  My mind misgave me.  I
+knocked, and his man, in tears, told me his master was dead an hour
+before.”  Swift seems to have loved Harrison, and felt his loss acutely.
+“Think,” he says, “what grief this is to me!  I went to his mother, and
+have been ordering things for his funeral with as little cost as
+possible, to-morrow at ten at night.  Lord Treasurer was much concerned
+when I told him; I would not dine with Lord Treasurer, or any one else.
+No loss ever grieved me so much.”  And the next day he records, “At ten
+at night I was at his funeral, which I ordered to be as private as
+possible.  We had but one coach with four of us; and when it was carrying
+us home, after the funeral, the braces broke, and we were forced to sit
+in it, and have it held up, till my man went for chairs, at eleven at
+night, in terrible rain.” {209}
+
+Tickell, in one of his poems, mentions Harrison as—
+
+    “That much loved youth, whom Utrecht’s walls confine;”
+
+and indeed, though little is known of him, he seems to have been a
+favourite with his contemporaries.
+
+BERNARD LENS, miniature painter to George II., retiring from his
+profession, settled at Knightsbridge, where he died, December 30th, 1740.
+According to Vertue, he was buried at Kensington, but his name does not
+appear on the register.  He was tutor to the celebrated Duke of
+Cumberland, and excelled as a copyist of Rubens and Vandyke, whose
+colouring he imitated admirably.
+
+ROBERT MILLER, a loyalist in the American War of Independence.  He held
+two official situations in Virginia, which he lost in the revolution.  He
+died at Knightsbridge, February, 17th, 1792.
+
+FRANCIS XAVIER D’OLIVEYRA, a Portuguese chevalier, born in 1702, and
+filled the office of Secretary to the Embassy at Vienna.  He was
+persecuted by the Inquisition on account of the publication of his
+travels, and accordingly came to England, where he abjured the Romish
+creed.  Thus sacrificing fortune to the dictates of conscience, he first
+encountered great difficulties, but found friends, especially Archbishops
+Potter and Herring.  Frederick, Prince of Wales, also assigned him a
+pension.  He resided some years at Knightsbridge, which he quitted in
+1775.  He died October 11th, 1783. {211}
+
+The COUNTESS OF ORRERY, friend of Swift, died at Knightsbridge, October
+27th, 1758.  He esteemed her highly “as a person of very good
+understanding, as any he knew of the sex.”  In his will, Swift bequeathed
+to Lord Orrery “the enamelled silver plates to distinguish bottles of
+wine by,” given him by his “excellent lady.”
+
+SETH WARD, BISHOP OF SALISBURY, had his town residence at Knightsbridge.
+He was born April 15th, 1617, at Aspedon, near Buntingford.  Brought up
+at the Free School of his native place, he was removed to Sydney Sussex
+College; but refusing to subscribe the covenant, lost his fellowship, and
+in 1643 removed to the neighbourhood of London.  Part of his time he
+spent at Albury, in company with Oughte, and there the two prosecuted
+their mathematical studies together.
+
+In 1649, the Savilian Professors of Astronomy and Geometry being removed
+from their offices by the Parliamentary Commissioners, Ward was chosen to
+fill the former chair.  On this he took the oath of allegiance to the
+Commonwealth, and exerted himself to restore the lectures, which had been
+greatly neglected, and under him they speedily revived.
+
+In 1652, he took his Doctor’s Degree, and in 1659 was made Principal of
+Jesus College, and afterwards Master of Trinity College; but at the
+Restoration he was compelled to resign these appointments.  While at
+Oxford he gained the acquaintance of some of the most eminent men of the
+time, especially of Wilkins, afterwards Bishop of Chester.  Their
+meetings led to the formation of the Royal Society, which Ward strongly
+supported, and of which he was one of the most efficient members.
+
+Although he had taken office under the Commonwealth, he had friends under
+the Monarchy, who were able to forward his interests.  Among them were
+Monk and Clarendon; and through their intercessions he was presented to
+St. Lawrence Jewry, and afterwards to the Precentorship of Exeter.  His
+rise was now rapid, for in 1661 he was appointed Dean, and in the ensuing
+year Bishop of that Diocese.
+
+In 1667 he was translated to the Bishopric of Salisbury, and in the House
+of Lords, being an able speaker, took a prominent part in the debates.
+He has been accused of lending rather too complying an ear to the Court,
+both in Parliament and the rule of his diocese; probably these charges
+arose from his supporting the ill-advised and tyrannical Conventicle Act,
+which his predecessor, Bishop Earl, a man beloved by all parties, had
+opposed.  On the other hand, it must be borne in mind he approved of the
+opposition to James II., and to two copies of the petition his signature
+was affixed.
+
+His residence, when his duties called him to the metropolis, was at
+Knightsbridge, and here he was visited by all the leading literary and
+scientific men of the day.  Evelyn, in his “Diary,” March 25th, 1674,
+writes, “I dined at Knightsbridge, with the Bishops of Salisbury,
+Chester, and Lincoln, my old friends.”  The celebrated Isaac Barrow was
+also a frequent guest; and it was at the Bishop’s table he was seized
+with the illness which in a short time ended his days.  The celebrated
+Sir Charles Scarborough was another friend—he also was Ward’s medical
+adviser; and Burnet states he was at Knightsbridge with him when the
+Queen’s coach came for him to attend her at the birth of the future
+Pretender.
+
+The Bishop’s health towards the close of his life was very indifferent,
+and at length he was deprived of his faculties altogether, and died at
+Knightsbridge, January 6, 1689, in his seventy-second year.  He was a
+very learned man, as his writings abundantly show, and a very charitable
+one.  At his native place he founded almshouses, and also left a sum for
+apprenticing its poor boys.  I know nothing more beautiful or pure in a
+great man’s character than to see him remembering in his old age those
+villagers among whom, in a comparatively humble sphere, he first drew
+breath.  Such conduct indicates a benevolent mind and a good heart; and
+such public acts which seem to show a different spirit, I would rather
+attribute to a temporary fear or extraneous motive, other than the
+genuine constitution of the mind.  A life of Ward was published by Dr.
+Pope, author of the celebrated ballad, “The Old Man’s Wish.” {214}
+
+William Penn resided at Knightsbridge, at No. 8, St. George’s Place, it
+is said; in order to be nearer the Court, where he was a great favourite
+with the Queen; he left it in 1706.  Sir John Chardin, the famous Persian
+Ambassador of the time of Charles II., lived once in this same house.  So
+imbued was he by his travels with Eastern ideas, that on Persian
+festivals he used to illuminate his windows with candles.  He was buried
+at Chiswick, 29th December, 1713.  The clever but unfortunate George Anne
+Bellamy also lived here in 1747.  Dr. Richard Wright, F.R.S., and
+physician to St. George’s Hospital, died here, October 14th, 1786.  J.
+Marshall, a botanist and gardener, and well known as a writer on such
+subjects, lived at Knightsbridge many years; and Edward Wakefield, author
+of “Ireland, Political and Statistical,” died here, May 18th, 1854, aged
+eighty-six.  John Allen, of Knightsbridge, in 1685, left to the parish of
+Hammersmith 10s. annually to twenty poor people.  The Countess of
+Yarmouth, mistress of George II., also numbered among its inhabitants.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IV.
+BELGRAVIA.
+
+
+          “Belgravia! that fair spot of ground
+    Where all that worldlings covet most is found!
+    Of this stupendous town—this mighty heart!
+    Of England’s frame—_the fashionable_ part!”
+
+                                                        BELGRAVIA: A POEM.
+
+BETWEEN the Hamlet of Knightsbridge and the district of Pimlico are a
+number of streets and squares to which the fashionable term of Belgravia
+has been given, and which is now the recognised name of the locality.
+Southward of the old King’s Road has for 200 years been known as Pimlico.
+To this boundary, sanctioned by usage, I shall adhere; considering only
+those places as in Belgravia between this line, and one formed from St.
+George’s Hospital, by Grosvenor Crescent and Motcomb Street; while the
+east boundary is Grosvenor Place; and the west, the sewer.  The name is
+derived from a title of the Marquis of Westminster, taken from a village
+in Leicestershire, where he has great property.  Halkin, Motcomb, and
+Kinnerton Streets, also derive their names from properties of the
+Marquis; Eaton Square from his seat, and Wilton Place, &c., from the
+title of his brother.
+
+I need hardly say Belgravia is yet in its youth; of history, strictly
+speaking, it really has none.  Where now stands this
+
+                       “Oasis of the fashionable west,”
+
+was, thirty years ago, nought but marshy fields—fields in a very forlorn
+condition, covered with rank grass and weeds in full luxuriance; bounded
+by mud-banks, and almost wholly given up to sheep and asses.  I cannot do
+better than let the lady, who has chosen Belgravia for her theme,
+describe its former aspect.
+
+    Time was, when here, where palaces now stand,
+    Where dwell at ease the magnates of the land,
+    A barren waste existed, fetid, damp,
+    Cheered by the ray of no enlivening lamp!
+    A marshy spot, where not one patch of green,
+    No stunted shrub, nor sickly flower was seen;
+    But all things base, the refuse of the town,
+    Loathsome and rank, in one foul mass were thrown;
+    Breeding the vapours that in fever’s hour
+    Lend to Disease its desolating power,
+    And quench the life of thousands, like the blight,
+    Noiseless, but sure, that in a single night
+    Upon the blossoms’ opening bloom descends,
+    And brooding rests, till all their promise ends.
+
+Belgravia was and still is within the manor of Ebury, and in ancient
+times within the parish of St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields.  It now belongs to
+St. George’s, Hanover Square, but subdivided; about half pertaining each
+to St. Paul’s, Knightsbridge, and St. Peter’s, Pimlico.  The early
+history of this manor has been already noticed; now for its modern.
+
+King George III., on taking up his residence at Buckingham House, wished
+to purchase the fields lying immediately contiguous, in order to prevent
+buildings being erected so as to overlook his garden.  The Lock Hospital
+stood then alone, but it was apparent that the ground would soon be
+occupied, if the King should fix his abode so near.  He therefore entered
+into a negotiation for its purchase, but George Grenville, then Minister,
+refused to sanction the expenditure of the sum demanded, viz., £20,000,
+and Grosvenor Place was accordingly commenced building in 1767.  The
+streets running from this line were terminated by high mud banks, which
+formed a boundary no traveller ventured over.  The other side formed a
+part of the Five Fields, and it was not till 1825 that the determination
+was come to to cover it with houses.  Mr. Thomas Cubitt and Mr. Seth
+Smith then took leases from the Marquis of Westminster, and Belgravia
+speedily arose.
+
+The Five Fields was an ominous name to our forefathers.  Addison, in the
+“Tatler” (No. 34), refers to them as the place “where the robbers lie in
+wait;” and pages might easily be covered with the records of the
+frightful crimes here committed.  The King’s Road, anciently only a
+trackway for the use of the farmers and gardeners, was the only road
+across.  A lane led to it from Hyde Park Corner, and other paths
+intersected the fields into five large parts—hence the name; but it was
+not till Charles II. found the road a near way from Whitehall to Hampton
+Court that any public way was formed, and not then till after some
+discussion between the Government and the parishioners of Chelsea.  In
+the reign of George I. disputes arose as to the right of way; but, after
+inquiry, the Government acknowledged the claims of the inhabitants to be
+just. {220}  In the documents relating to this dispute the fields are
+said to be open, and the bridge, then called “Bloody Bridge,” now known
+as Grosvenor Bridge, only “a footbridge, with a plank or board,” till
+built in a regular manner in the time of Charles II.  The road across the
+fields was very insecure; and for many years, under a royal order,
+fifty-two privates, and six non-commissioned officers, half every
+alternate night, patrolled the ground.  On grand gala nights at Ranelagh
+the number was greater; but on all occasions it was customary for persons
+wishing to cross to wait for a sufficient number to meet together to
+ensure mutual protection, and then, with two men carrying lanterns on
+long poles, and who obtained their living by such service, sallying
+across under their guidance.  Such a relation almost forces a smile now;
+but it must be borne in mind that no houses were situated along the
+King’s Road a hundred years since.  It was also then very circuitous,
+running from the Palace garden wall along the present north garden of
+Eaton Square to Sloane Square.  Its dangers were very great, as the
+newspapers of the last century afford melancholy proof.  I give one
+specimen:—
+
+    “On Saturday evening last, February 24th, a servant belonging to Mrs.
+    Temple was robbed and barbarously wounded near Bloody Bridge in the
+    King’s Road, leading from Chelsea.  Her Royal Highness the Princess
+    Amelia coming from Hampton Court, hearing a man groaning, ordered her
+    servant to stop; and it proving to be the man above-mentioned, he was
+    taken behind the coach and brought to town; and her Highness ordered
+    all possible care to be taken of him.” {221}
+
+Bloody Bridge seems to have gained its fearful character early; in
+Chelsea register is the following notice of the name:—“1590.  John Dukes
+was this year enjoyned to make a Causie at _bloody_ Gate.”
+
+Charles Dartquineuve, the friend of Pope, and to whom Dodsley was once
+footman, was appointed surveyor of the King’s Private Roads, in 1731, in
+room of General Watkins.  Pass-tickets of copper were issued in that
+year, and are prized by the curious in such matters.
+
+Duellists also sought the Fire Fields, and Aubrey tells of one meeting
+near to Ebury farm, in the time of Charles I., between Lord Mohun and a
+foreign nobleman.  The former was killed, not without suspicion of foul
+play; and the credulous antiquary relates that at the time of the duel,
+his mistress saw him approach her bed, draw the curtains, and go away
+without speaking!
+
+Great numbers of the lower orders used to frequent the Five Fields, to
+indulge themselves with the brutal sports so prevalent formerly among
+them.  Near where Coleshill Street now stands was a famous resort for
+cock-fighting, and every Good Friday numbers came to witness the
+barbarity.  Duck-hunting in the ponds and bull and bear-baiting were also
+largely carried on; the head-quarters of the latter being at a house by
+the Willow Walk, once the habitation of the notorious Jerry Abershaw.
+
+It is pleasant to quit such recollections for those of a purer kind.  The
+old herbalists frequented these fields, where, they tell, the “wild
+clary” grew plentifully; and along the river’s bank the “bitter cresses”
+in great perfection.  And Swift, walking to London from his Chelsea
+residence in 1711, mentions the hay-making in the fields; “it smells so
+sweet,” he says, “as we walk through the flowery meads;” but he spoils
+the idea by telling us that “the hay-making nymphs are perfect drabs.”
+The market gardens in the Five Fields, though not very numerous, were
+very valuable, being devoted chiefly to the culture of the asparagus and
+the rarer vegetables.  Norden, in 1593, tells us,
+
+    “The deepe, and dirtie, loathsome soyle,
+    Yields golden gaine to painefull toyle;”
+
+and that the labourer “will refuse a pallace to droyle in these golden
+puddles.”  The nursery ground of Messrs. Allen and Rogers was in being so
+late as 1832, adjoining to the King’s Road.  The father of Mr. Redgrave,
+the distinguished artist, resided in a house on the King’s Road, and here
+his eminent son was born.
+
+One historical reminiscence will conclude the notices of the fields.
+Clarendon tells us that he, Hampden, Pym, Marten, and Fiennes had dined
+together at Pym’s lodgings, when Fiennes proposed a ride into these
+fields.  Accordingly they set off; and the conversation turning on the
+Episcopacy Bill, Fiennes asked Hyde why he so passionately adhered to the
+Church, Hyde’s reply was an expression of doubt as to the stability of
+the State, or of religion itself, if the government of the Church was
+altered; and Fiennes rejoining that much blood would be shed ere that
+would be submitted to, Hyde (Clarendon) remarks it was the first positive
+declaration he had heard from any particular man of the party.  Hampden,
+Pym, and other leaders of those eventful times, are said to have sought
+the air and private intercommunication in the Five Fields.  This anecdote
+concludes this early portion of Belgravia’s history; the reader’s
+attention will now be drawn to its streets and squares.
+
+BELGRAVE SQUARE was commenced in 1825, and designed by Basevi.  It is 684
+ft. in length, by 637 ft. in breadth.  The two detached mansions on the
+western side were designed by H. E. Kendall.  The one in the south-west
+was originally built for Mr. Kemp, of Kemp Town; afterwards it was
+occupied by Lady Harriett Drummond, the Marquis of Tweeddale, and in 1837
+became the residence of Lord Hill, for many years Commander-in Chief.
+After his death the late Earl Ducie lived here, and on his decease, in
+1853, the house was sold, and enlarged to its present size.  The mansion
+in the north-west was the residence of the late Earl Brownlow.
+
+General Sir George Murray, the friend of Wellington and Peel, lived at
+No. 5, and died there in 1846, respected and regretted.  No. 2 was the
+residence of the late James Goding, Esq., who formed a fine collection of
+paintings, and other works of art.  No. 6 is the Duke of Bedford’s, and
+at No. 9 resides the celebrated Countess Dowager of Essex.  At No. 10
+lived M. Drouyn de l’Huys, while Ambassador at St. James’ from France.
+At 16 resides Sir Roderick Murchison, and at 18 lived the late Earl of
+Ellesmere.  No. 36, sometimes called Ingestrie House, was in 1840 the
+residence of H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent, and at present of Colonel
+Douglas Pennant.  Mr. Labouchere at 27, the Archbishop of York 41, Sir M.
+S. Stewart at 42, the Duke of Montrose, Mr. Abel Smith, and Field-Marshal
+Lord Combermere, are also residents of Belgrave Square.
+
+The last of the Dukes of Gordon died at his residence here, May 28th,
+1836, aged 66; and Mr. Scrope, last male of a family illustrious in our
+historic annals, lived at No. 13.  He was author of “Days of Deer
+Stalking,” published in 1839; and “Days and Nights of Salmon Fishing,”
+published in 1843.  Mr. Scrope died in Belgrave Square, July 20th, 1852,
+in the 81st year of his age.  His son-in-law, Mr. Poulett Scrope, M.P.,
+and author of the “History of Castle Combe,” soon after quitted this
+mansion for one at Prince’s Gate.
+
+CHAPEL STREET, so named from the Chapel attached to the Lock Hospital,
+which abutted on it, was completed about 1811.  Legh Richmond, while
+Chaplain of the Lock, resided in this street.  Writing to his wife, he
+says, “It is surrounded by fields, has a very pleasing prospect, charming
+air, great retirement and quietness, with a little garden, a remarkably
+neat exterior, and as neat and comfortable an interior.”  Nor was he the
+only one who found in Chapel Street a comfortable and happy home: the
+celebrated comedian, Gentleman Jones as he is called generally, for many
+years lived at No. 14.  “The very aspect of their rooms is exhilarating,”
+writes Lady Chatterton, “though small, and furnished without any show or
+expense.  A vine which grows at the back of the house, half conceals the
+windows with its luxuriant branches; and some fresh flowers in the rooms
+are fit emblems of those who reared them.” {227}
+
+Mr. Jones acquired fame both as an actor and author, but in his later
+years employed himself as a teacher of elocution.  He died in Chapel
+Street, and lies buried in St. Peter’s vaults.  A marble tablet to his
+memory, at the entrance to the Church, bears the following inscription:—
+
+    “Beneath rest the mortal remains of Richard Jones, for more than
+    forty years in public life, a dramatic performer, he was admired; as
+    in private life respected as a teacher of elocution, he was a public
+    Benefactor.  As a Christian and a Man his conduct was exemplary.  He
+    died 20th of August, 1851, aged 72.  Here also repose the remains of
+    Sarah, his wife.  She died 18th of June, 1850, aged 71.  And Eliza
+    Jane his sister, who died 29th November, 1828, aged 40.”
+
+General Sir W. K. Grant, one of the eight British officers who saved the
+Emperor of Germany from capture, on the plains of Cambresis, in 1794, and
+who otherwise saw severe service in the last great war, died in 1852, at
+his residence, No, 24, Chapel Street.  At her residence, in this street,
+also died, in March, 1818, the Hon. Miss Hawke, author of a poem on the
+“Fall of Babylon.”
+
+CHESHAM PLACE, the freehold of which belongs to the Lowndes family, is so
+named from their seat in Buckinghamshire.  No. 37 is the well known
+residence of Lord John Russell, and No. 35 was Sir Charles Wood’s.  To
+Chesham Place the Russian Embassy was removed in 1852.
+
+CHESHAM STREET.—Henry Parish, Esq., of diplomatic celebrity, resided at
+No. 7.
+
+CHESTER STREET.—At No. 13, the residence of Lady Gipps, died Dr.
+Broughton, the first Bishop of Sydney.  The Right Hon. Frederick Shaw
+lived at No. 5, and Colonel Sibthorpe at 27; at No. 7 resides Dr. W. V.
+Pettigrew,
+
+                “Whose sympathetic mind
+    Delights in all the good of all mankind.”
+
+Mr. Hurlstone and Miss Shirreff are also residents in Chester Street.
+
+EATON PLACE.—Among former residents may be enumerated General Caulfield,
+author of several works on the Government of India; Sir Robert Gardiner,
+one of the bravest of the old Peninsulas; Sir H. Duncan, son of the
+victor of Camperdown, and himself a _tar_ of true British stamp, died
+here in 1836.  Sir Thomas Troubridge was another of that mighty school;
+he fought with Nelson at Copenhagen, and elsewhere, and died here in
+1852.  Sir William Molesworth, one of our ablest and most advanced
+statesmen of modern times, and who has secured to himself a permanent
+position in our literature, died at his residence (No. 87) in 1855.
+
+Among present residents are Dr. Lushington (18), Sir Erskine Perry (36),
+Sir George Grey (14), Mr. Justice Wightman (38), Mr. Heywood (5), Sir
+Arthur Elton, M.P., and the Bishop of Hereford.
+
+At No. 80, the residence of Captain Massingberd, the Hungarian statesman,
+Kossuth, stayed on his first arrival in this country, in the autumn of
+1851.
+
+EATON PLACE WEST.—General Sir Peregrine Maitland, who fought at Corunna,
+and commanded a brigade at Waterloo, died at his residence in this
+street, May 30th, 1852.  Mr. Collier, M.P. (2), and Mr. H. F. Chorley
+(13), live in this street.
+
+EATON SQUARE was commenced in 1827, but not wholly completed till 1853.
+It is 1,637 ft. long by a breadth of 371 ft.  Among its distinguished
+residents may be noticed the late Lord Chancellor Truro, who died at his
+residence (No. 83) in 1853.  Mr. Henry Redhead Yorke, at 81; Lord
+Alvanley, of celebrity in the days of the fourth George, at 62; General
+Sir Thomas Bradford, and Admiral Sir Edward Codrington, the victor of
+Navarino.
+
+The late Ralph Bernal, Esq., resided at 75, and here formed one of the
+most splendid collections of ancient art ever brought together.  He died
+here in 1853.  No. 71 is the residence (official) of the Speaker of the
+House of Commons; in one year, says Mr. Cunningham, the rent, rates, and
+taxes of this house amounted to £964.
+
+Among present residents in Eaton Square are the Earl of Ellenborough at
+No. 115, Sir Frederick Thesiger, now Lord Chelmsford (7), Mr. Justice
+Willes (16), Sir John Pakington (41), Sir Francis Baring (4), Mr.
+Fielder, Commissary-General in the Crimea (57), Colonel Tulloch (63), Mr.
+M. J. Higgins (71), Mr. Cardwell (74), Baron Martin (75), Sir Augustus
+Clifford (92), Sir W. Clay (93), and General Codrington, our
+Commander-in-Chief at the capture of Sebastopol, at 110.
+
+At the east end stands St. Peter’s Church, built in 1826, and denounced
+by Mr. Cunningham as one of the “ugliest in all London.”  The site is an
+excellent one, few superior in the metropolis; it is a just source of
+regret, therefore, that a more creditable design was not chosen.  It was
+designed by Henry Hakewill, in the Ionic Order, and consecrated by Dr.
+Howley, then Bishop of London, July 27th, 1827.  It was burnt down in
+1835, when the altar-piece, “Christ crowned with Thorns,” a good specimen
+of Hilton, R.A., was with difficulty saved.  It was presented to the
+Church by the British Institution.
+
+GROSVENOR CRESCENT is still unfinished.  Here reside the Rev. A. P.
+Stanley, Sir Charles Trevelyan, and at No. 1 the Earl of Clarendon, late
+Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.  The Crescent is ultimately to be
+continued to open into Grosvenor Place, and thus it will form the main
+entrance to Belgravia; an improvement very greatly needed.
+
+GROSVENOR PLACE.—The story pertaining to the foundation of this street
+has been told already.  Originally the houses were built no further than
+the Lock Hospital, which occupied the site of the Grosvenor Place Houses.
+At the bottom, where the junction with the King’s Road was formed, was a
+cluster of mean dwellings, and one inn, known as “The Feathers.”
+
+At No. 1, Dr. Lane’s celebrated School of Anatomy and Medicine has for
+many years been established.  No. 4 originally formed two houses, which
+were thrown together by the late Earl of Egremont, who here first formed
+the splendid collection of pictures now at Petworth.  He was a great
+patron of English artists, and an excellent judge of their productions.
+Haydon, one of those he had befriended, declares he “never saw such a
+character, or such a man, nor were there ever many.  ‘Live and let live’
+seems to be the Earl’s motto.”  Lord Egremont died in November, 1837.
+{232}
+
+The mansion at the north corner of Halkin Street is that—
+
+                “Where the Howards’ noble race
+    For many a year have made their resting place.”
+
+The first nobleman of this title who resided here was Frederick, the
+fifth earl.  He was born in 1748, and died in 1825, and is the nobleman
+often mentioned by Boswell as gaining Johnson’s praise for his literary
+performances.  But however valuable these may be considered, he owes his
+literary immortality to the attacks made on him by Byron.  He was
+guardian to the poet, who dedicated to him his “Hours of Idleness,” which
+the Earl is said to have coolly received, an affront which deeply rankled
+in Byron’s breast—causing a wound his mother did her best to widen.
+Byron, however, seems to have forgotten his animosity, for in his
+“English Bards and Scotch Reviewers,” as originally intended for the
+press, he compliments Carlisle:—
+
+    “On one alone Apollo deigns to smile,
+    And crowns a new Roscommon in Carlisle.”
+
+But the intended honour was not permitted to remain.  Receiving, as he
+considered, a fresh slight, Byron erased the praise, for the vituperative
+sarcasm still to be read:—
+
+    “Let Stott, Matilda, and the rest
+    Of Grub-street and of Grosvenor-place the best,
+    Scrawl on, till death release us from the strain,
+    Or common sense asserts her rights again.”
+
+But the poet regretted the severity, and afterwards, in his noble tribute
+to Major Howard, gave utterance to his repentance;—
+
+    “Their praise is hymned by loftier harps than mine;
+    Yet one I would select from that proud throng,
+    Partly because they blend me with his line,
+    And partly that I did his sire some wrong.”
+
+And of the Major he writes with rapturous eloquence:—
+
+                “When shower’d
+       The death-bolts deadliest the thinn’d files along,
+       Even where the thickest of war’s tempest lour’d,
+    They reach’d no nobler breast than thine, young gallant Howard.”
+
+Byron’s staunchest friend, Hobhouse—now Lord Broughton—lived about No. 7,
+when colleague with Burdett in the representation of Westminster; so also
+did Lady Ossory, the correspondent of Horace Walpole.  Writing to her, on
+February 1st, 1775, he says:—“I hope this is the last letter I shall send
+you before you land at Hyde Park Corner turnpike.  You will have a very
+good neighbourhood there; Lord and Lady Apsley are mighty agreeable
+people.”
+
+No. 15 in 1773 was the Duke of Athol’s; the Marquis of Titchfield,
+Lord-Lieutenant of the County fifty years ago, also resided in Grosvenor
+Place, as did Mr. Orby Hunter, a leading man in the _ton_ in the days of
+George IV.
+
+No. 44 is the residence of the Hanoverian Minister, and here his
+Sovereign stayed during his visit to London in 1853.  No. 24 is the
+Bishop of Worcester’s, and No. 46 Sir James Graham’s.  Earl Stanhope, the
+historian, resided some years at No. 41, but now at No. 3, Grosvenor
+Place Houses.  The centre of these three is Sir Anthony Rothschild’s, the
+other Lord Harry Vane’s.
+
+Near to the south end of Grosvenor Place stood, for above a century, a
+small hospital for invalided soldiers.  The poet Armstrong, friend of
+Thomson, was in 1746 appointed physician to it.  The establishment was
+closed when the improvements here were contemplated about 1846.
+Adjoining to it was “The Feathers,” to which a curious anecdote is
+attached.  A Lodge of Odd Fellows, or some similar society, was in the
+habit of holding its meetings in a room at “The Feathers,” and on one
+occasion when a new member was being initiated in the mysteries thereof,
+in rushed two persons, whose abrupt and unauthorised entrance threw the
+whole assemblage into an uproar.  Summary punishment was proposed by an
+expeditious kick into the street; but, just as it was about to be
+bestowed, the secretary recognised one of the intruders as George, Prince
+of Wales, afterwards George IV.  Circumstances instantly changed: it
+indeed was he, out on a nocturnal excursion; and accordingly it was
+proposed and carried that the Prince and his companion should be admitted
+members.  The Prince was chairman the remainder of the evening; and the
+chair in which he sat, ornamented, in consequence, with the plume, is
+still preserved in the parlour of the modern inn in Grosvenor Street
+West, and over it hangs a coarsely executed portrait of the Prince in the
+robes of the order.  The inn, the hospital, and various small tenements
+were removed in 1851, when the present stately erections were immediately
+commenced.  On the ground being cleared away, various coins, old
+horse-shoes, a few implements of warfare, and some human remains were
+discovered.
+
+At the intersection of the cross-roads at the end of Grosvenor Place,
+suicides were subjected to the revolting burial then awarded by the law.
+The last person on whom the law was carried out here was named Griffiths,
+the son of a colonel in the army, who had first murdered his father, and
+then destroyed himself.  This took place on June 27th, 1823.
+
+HALKIN STREET.—The north side is chiefly occupied by Mortimer House, the
+residence of the late Earl Fitzwilliam, and by Belgrave Chapel, built in
+1812.  Its ministers have been the Rev. John Pitman, author of “Practical
+Lectures on the Gospel of St. John,” the Revs. J. Thackeray, J. Jennings,
+and the present minister, the Rev. W. Thorpe, D.D.
+
+The detached mansion at the corner, numbered as 49, Belgrave Square,
+finished in 1850, is the residence of Mr. Sidney Herbert.  The premises
+now occupied by Messrs. Wimbush were those in which the same business was
+conducted by Mr. Vernon, the munificent patron of modern British art.
+
+HALKIN STREET WEST contains a small chapel, now belonging to the National
+Scottish Church, and in which Dr. Cumming occasionally preaches.  Its
+present minister is the Rev. L. Macbeth.  Built by Mr. Seth Smith, it was
+originally attached to the Church of England, under the ministry of the
+Rev. J. Gibson.
+
+LOCK HOSPITAL (The), which formerly stood on the site of Grosvenor Place
+Houses, was built in 1746, and patients admitted on January 31st, 1747,
+for the first time.  The Institution included an asylum for the reception
+of penitent females, founded in 1787, and a chapel, built in 1764, with
+the primary view of aiding the income by its pew rents.  The chapel was
+always celebrated for the powerful and popular preachers who occupied its
+pulpit, among whom may be mentioned Martin Madan, Thomas Scott, editor
+and commentator of the Scriptures, and C. E. De Coetlogon; while Legh
+Richmond, Romaine, Rowland Hill, and the celebrated Dr. Dodd, have often
+preached here.  Of these, the one most connected with this locality was
+the Rev. Martin Madan.
+
+                       [Picture: Old Lock Hospital]
+
+His father was M.P. for Wootton Basset, and Groom of the Bedchamber to
+Frederick, Prince of Wales; his mother, a daughter of Spence Cowper, and
+niece of the celebrated Chancellor; an accomplished woman, and authoress
+of several poems of considerable merit.  Martin was originally brought up
+to the bar, which he forsook for the Church; was ordained, became
+Chaplain to the Lock, and one of the most popular ministers of the day.
+He was a distant relation of the poet Cowper, who first imbibed from him
+those religious principles which afterwards formed so predominant a
+feature of his mind.
+
+In 1780 his popularity received a severe blow from the publication of his
+“Thelyphthora,” a singular work in defence of polygamy.  There can be no
+doubt that the work was issued with good intentions, but the manner of
+treating the subject was at least novel, and especially so in a
+clergyman.
+
+Madan was the author of various other works, and likewise of some repute
+as a musical composer.  Many of the tunes and chants in the “Lock Hymn
+Book” have his initials attached.  The “Song of Miriam” is, perhaps, his
+most popular piece.  At the same time, mention must be made of his
+composition to Pope’s Ode, known as “Vital Spark,” also of the piece
+“Before Jehovah’s awful Throne.”  I have heard him spoken of by elderly
+folks with deep respect; and whatever his shortcomings may have been, a
+want of charity was not among them.  That he was equally respected in
+high society may be inferred from his friendship with Lord Chancellor
+Bathurst, who gave him a chaplaincy.
+
+He died at Epsom in the 64th year of his age, and was buried at
+Kensington, May 8th, 1791.
+
+The connection of Legh Richmond with the Lock was of very short duration.
+He was induced to accept the minor office of assistant to the Rev. Thomas
+Fry, then chaplain, and while here attracted the notice of Ambrose Serle,
+author of “Horæ Solitariæ,” a constant attendant of the chapel.  Serle
+was applied to by Mrs. Fuller to recommend her a pious and practical
+clergyman to fill her living of Turvey; he immediately recommended
+Richmond, and thus it was that estimable man obtained the position he
+filled with such great credit to himself and the Church, and benefit to
+his people.  His ministrations here extended only from February to
+October 1805.
+
+Wilberforce strongly supported this Institution, and frequently attended
+the Chapel.  He occasionally alludes to it in his “Diary;” and Legh
+Richmond mentions observing him at the communion-table on one occasion,
+with a negro at his side, a coincidence which he afterwards found was
+quite accidental.  The incident was not without a lesson!
+
+                          [Picture: Lock Chapel]
+
+The buildings were of brick, and as plain as they possibly could be.
+They were pulled down in 1846, and the Institution removed to the Harrow
+Road.
+
+LOWNDES STREET.—Colonel Gurwood, the editor of “Wellington’s Dispatches,”
+resided at 33, and Mrs. Gore, the novelist, once at 42.
+
+OSNABURG ROW, a court nearly at the lower end of Grosvenor Place, named
+after the Duke of York, who also was Bishop of Osnaburg.  The Guards’
+Hospital, before noticed, adjoined it, and the court was removed at the
+same time that building was cleared away.
+
+UPPER BELGRAVE STREET.—Numbers 1 and 2 were the first houses finished by
+Mr. Cubitt.  No. 3 is Lord Charles Wellesley’s, and previously the
+present Duke of Wellington’s; hither the great Duke might frequently be
+seen escorting the present Duchess home.  Mrs. Gore lived at No. 2, and
+at 13 the late Earl of Munster.  Several sketches of Lord Minister’s life
+are given in Mr. Jerdan’s “Autobiography,” in which it is inferred the
+fatal aberration of intellect which led to his self-destruction arose
+from the discordant feelings arising from the anomalous position he held,
+and which he was unable to brook.  He was author of several works on the
+history of our eastern empire, and was a patron of literature and
+learning. {243}
+
+WILTON STREET.—Here Mr. Spencer Percival, eldest son of the minister
+killed by Bellingham in 1812, resided.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER V.
+THE SUB-DISTRICT OF ST. BARNABAS.
+
+
+    “Nor rough nor barren are the winding ways
+    Of hoar antiquity, but strown with flowers.”
+
+                                                                   WARTON.
+
+THE district parish of St. Paul’s, Knightsbridge, stretching southward to
+the Thames, embraces in its bounds a considerable part of Pimlico.  When
+St. Barnabas’ Church was built, for the local management of the parish,
+this southern portion was allotted to its minister’s care, and therefore
+I follow a division most suitable for my plan, and give a brief outline
+of the history of this part of the parish, in order that my notice may
+not be incomplete.
+
+Of course, I do not intend to describe the suburb now called Pimlico as a
+whole, but only that portion of it within the district of St. Paul’s; yet
+I cannot even do so without touching on one or two items of general
+history: and first, then, for the name.
+
+The first mention of the name Pimlico appears in the parish books of St.
+Martin in the year 1626. {245a}  The ancient name of the place was
+Eybury, from the manor of Eia or Eye, signifying water; a most
+appropriate name for a spot bounded on three sides by running streams.
+There was a Manor House once existing, which we may infer was of some
+importance, from its being one of those houses for which a licence to
+crenellate or fortify was granted.  This privilege was granted in 1307 to
+John de Benstede, by Edward I. {245b}  Hence the addition of _bury_ to
+the original name of Eye or Eia, such addition meaning fortifications.
+
+But to the name.  The true explanation of its origin is to be found in a
+rare, if not unique tract, entitled, “News from Hogsdon,” 1598:—“Have at
+thee then, my merrie boys, and hie for old Ben Pimlicoe’s nut brown.”
+{245c}  This “old Ben Pimlico,” of Hoxton, kept, in the days of Queen
+Bess, a right famous hostelrie, a popular place of resort, as numerous
+allusions in the dramatists {246} of the period testify.  Pimlico Walk
+still exists at Hoxton, and doubtless indicates the pathway along which
+the pleasure-seekers wended their way to Old Ben’s.
+
+It is evident in the above quotation that a _person_ is alluded to; but
+the word frequently expresses a _drink_, most probably derived from this
+worthy.  This is evident from the following verses:—
+
+    “Let Hogsdon’s scrapers on their base,
+    Sound fum—fum—fum—from tattered case,
+    Nor Mean nor Treble now take place,
+                But Tenor.
+
+    A Counter-Tenor is that note.
+    Tho’ easy—’tis ne’er sung by rote,
+    But got with wetting well your throat
+                With claret.
+
+    Or stout March beer, or Windsor ale,
+    Or Labour-in-Vain (so seldom stale),
+    Or _Pimlico_, whose too great sale
+                Did mar it.”
+
+                                                    THE COUNTER RAT, 1670.
+
+This Ben Pimlico, and the ale named after him, are both spoken of with
+equal laudation by the dramatists—by Ben Jonson more especially, who
+lived in the neighbourhood, and doubtless was familiar with both.  But in
+his play of “The Alchemist,” the allusion, I think, points to a bygone
+place:—
+
+    “_Lovewit_: The neighbours tell me all here that the doors
+    Have still been open—
+
+    _Face_: How, sir!
+
+    _Lovewit_: Gallants, men and women,
+    And of all sorts, tag-rag, been seen to flock here
+    In threwes, these ten weeks, as to a _second Hogsdon_
+    _In days of Pimlico and Eyebright_.”
+
+This evidence of Jonson I think conclusive that the original Ben
+Pimlico’s had gone.  The question is where; and my reply is, to Ebury.
+The reasons are—
+
+1st.  We had in this locality a pathway known as the Willow Walk, and
+there is such yet remaining at Hoxton.
+
+2nd.  The movement of places of amusement to the western suburbs
+commenced in the time of James I.  At this time the Exchange, Islington,
+and Hoxton began to lose their charms, and pleasure-folk went to Spring
+Garden, the Mulberry Garden, &c.
+
+Though this argument, if such it can be called, is wholly inferential, I
+do not think there is anything to oppose to it, unless the number of
+places called Pimlico {248} tells against the view taken.  But here,
+again, the probability is that they borrowed their names from the one at
+Hoxton, because of its popularity; and the coincidence of the Willow Walk
+is moreover wanting: what I argue for is, that on the decay, for some
+reason or other, of Ben Pimlico’s establishment at Hoxton, he, or some
+one belonging to it, came to Ebury, formed his Willow Walk leading to the
+house, and his popularity being so great, the village became gradually to
+be called after him, and its ancient appellation imperceptibly lost.
+
+That part of Pimlico now in St. Paul’s district was, in the last century,
+a complete moral wilderness.  As is apparent to the present day, the
+dwellings were of the meanest character; and it was only the infamous who
+long lived here.  Jerry Abershaw lived in a house along the Willow Walk;
+and Maclean the highwayman, whom the ladies went to see (according to
+Horace Walpole), also lived on this spot.  Its secure condition for
+persons of this description may be imagined, when it is recollected that
+there was, previous to 1768, no direct road to this part.  The only way
+was from Chelsea; the road through Belgrave Place was not fit for
+carriages till this time.  It was then completed and carried on to the
+Stonebridge, a bridge over the Westbourne, by the end of Wilderness Row.
+Parties going to Ranelagh by coach went along the King’s Road, a roadway
+to the left leading to the Grove; but in that day the silent highway of
+the Thames was much used, and as the ballad tells, the “fine city ladies”
+delighted in a voyage to Ranelagh or Vauxhall.
+
+The Grosvenor Canal, which forms the boundary of our district on one
+side, was formed in 1823; its head had been the property of the Chelsea
+Waterworks Company, who in that year removed their works to their late
+position at Ranelagh.  The canal enters the Thames a few yards eastward
+of the new Pimlico Bridge, the story of which is too recent, and too much
+one of “discord dire” to obtain further notice in these pages.
+
+At the foot, where the Pimlico Bridge now stands, was the “White House,”
+a lonely habitation by the river side, used once by anglers; opposite to
+which, on the Surrey side, stood the “Red House,” a still more noted
+place of resort.  Fifty yards westward of this spot, according to
+Maitland, Cæsar crossed the Thames, on his second expedition into
+Britain; but the opinion of Maitland is not generally shared in by
+antiquaries, who, notwithstanding the arguments advanced by different
+writers, in favour of spots they themselves have fixed on, yet in general
+adhere to the opinion of the father of English antiquaries, and agree
+with Camden, that this passage of the Thames was at Coway Stakes.
+Nevertheless it must be borne in mind, that many relics of this period
+have been found in the bed of the Thames at and about this spot; and
+during the progress of the bridge, coins and relics of a later time, many
+of which were Roman, were also discovered.
+
+ST. BARNABAS’ COLLEGE consists of a Church, a Residentiary-house for the
+Clergy attached thereto, and a School-house, with residence for the
+teachers.  The design originated with the Rev. W. J. E. Bennett, and the
+ground was the gift of the Marquis of Westminster.  The commencement of
+the work was with the School-house, the foundation-stone of which was
+laid June 11th, 1846 (St. Barnabas’ Day); the foundation-stone of the
+Church was laid twelve months later, on which occasion the new
+School-house was formally opened; and on St. Barnabas’ Day, 1850, the
+Church was consecrated by the late Bishop of London.
+
+The architecture, chosen by Mr. Cundy, under whose superintendence the
+College was erected, is the Early Pointed.  The Church has a tower and
+spire of Caen stone, containing ten bells, the gift of as many
+parishioners; it is 170 ft. high.  The interior is of great splendour,
+the open roof being finely painted, and the windows throughout of stained
+glass, by Wailes, of Newcastle, and representing incidents of the life of
+St. Barnabas.  The chancel is separated from the body of the Church by a
+carved oak screen; the other wood fittings are also of oak.  The lectern
+(a brass eagle), the communion-plate, font, and other costly ornaments,
+were the gifts of private individuals.
+
+The Church has sittings for about 1,000 persons, all of which are free.
+It was erected entirely by voluntary contributions, and under the
+energetic incumbency of Mr. Bennett.  Its cost has been about £15,000, of
+which the expense of the carcase of the Church, vestries, and buildings
+attached, amounted to £10,232.
+
+St. Barnabas is but a Chapel-of-Ease to St. Paul’s, and is under the same
+legal government.  Churchwardens are, however, appointed by the Incumbent
+of St. Paul’s for the maintenance of order and other similar offices;
+but, in other respects, the usual legal duties devolve on the wardens of
+St. Paul’s.  The Schools are designed for 600 children—200 each of boys,
+girls, and infants.
+
+During the Anti-Papal agitation of 1850, this Church was more than once
+the scene of unseemly disturbances on the part of the mob, and, to
+suppress which, it was necessary to call in the aid of the police.
+
+AVERY FARM ROW doubtless is a remnant in name of some rural time.  A
+family named Avery frequently appear in the registers of Knightsbridge
+Chapel, from 1663 to 1691; the probability is they were farmers here.
+Another Avery Row runs parallel to Bond Street.
+
+BLOMFIELD TERRACE was so named after the late Bishop of London.  At No.
+1, the late Captain Warner, so well known for his _invention_ of the
+“long range,” died in December 5th, 1853.  He had long resided in the
+locality, and was well known in it.  He left seven children with their
+mother, in great distress, for whom the Hon. and Rev. Robert Liddell made
+a public appeal; but it afterwards transpired his wife was living in
+receipt of parochial relief at Ashford.  Warner was buried in the West
+Brompton Cemetery.
+
+COMMERCIAL ROAD (The), on the right-hand side of the canal, is occupied
+almost entirely by factories, workshops, and the dwellings of those
+employed therein.  A “House of Refuge,” under the management of the
+clergy of the parish, is situated here; and also a Ragged School, both
+supported by public contributions.
+
+Jenny’s Whim Bridge, sometime called the Wooden, and now Ebury Bridge,
+crosses the canal at the north end of the Commercial Road.  Here was a
+turnpike, similarly named, till 1825.  Jenny’s Whim was a very celebrated
+place of amusement, on the site of St. George’s Row.  It was equally the
+resort of high and low, and with all classes was for a lengthened period
+a favourite place of recreation.  I never could unearth the origin of the
+name, but presume the tradition told me by an old inhabitant was the
+correct account, viz., that it was so called from its first landlady, who
+caused the gardens to be laid out in so fantastic a manner, as to cause
+the expressive little noun to be affixed to the pretty and familiar
+christian name she bore.  Angelo says it was established by a celebrated
+pyrotechnist in the reign of George I.  The house had a large breakfast
+room, and the grounds, though not large, contained a bowling green,
+alcoves, arbours, and flower beds, with a fish pond in the centre.  There
+was also a cock-pit; and in a pond adjacent the brutal sport of
+duck-hunting was carried on.  This is alluded to in the following sketch,
+quoted from the _Connoisseur_, May 15, 1775:—“The lower sort of people
+have their Ranelaghs and their Vauxhalls as well as the quality.
+Perrot’s inimitable grotto may be seen, for only calling for a pint of
+beer; and the royal diversion of duck-hunting may be had into the
+bargain, together with a decanter of Dorchester, for your sixpence, at
+Jenny’s Whim.”
+
+Angelo says:—“It was much frequented, from its novelty being an
+inducement to allure the curious, by its amusing deceptions.  Here was a
+large garden; in different parts were recesses, and by treading on a
+spring—taking you by surprise—up started different figures, some ugly
+enough to frighten you—a harlequin, a Mother Shipton, or some terrific
+animal.  In a large piece of water facing the tea alcoves, large fish or
+mermaids were showing themselves above the surface.”  Horace Walpole, in
+his Letters, occasionally alludes to Jenny’s Whim; in one to Montagu he
+spitefully says—“Here (at Vauxhall) we picked up Lord Granby, arrived
+very drunk from Jenny’s Whim.”
+
+Towards the close of the last century, Jenny’s Whim began to decline; its
+morning visitors were not so numerous, and opposition was also powerful.
+It gradually became forgotten, and at last sunk to the condition of a
+beer-house, and about 1804 the business altogether ceased.
+
+Jenny’s Whim has more than once served the novelist for an illustration;
+see “Maids of Honour; a Tale of the Times of George the First:”—“There
+were gardens,” says the writer, mentioning the place, “attached to it,
+and a bowling green; and parties were frequently made, composed of ladies
+and gentlemen, to enjoy a day’s amusement there in eating strawberries
+and cream, syllabubs, cake, and taking other refreshments, of which a
+great variety could be procured, with cider, perry, ale, wine, and other
+liquors in abundance.  The gentlemen played at bowls—some employed
+themselves at skittles; whilst the ladies amused themselves at a swing,
+or walked about the garden, admiring the sunflowers, hollyhocks, the Duke
+of Malborough cut out of a filbert tree, and the roses and daisies,
+currants and gooseberries, that spread their alluring charms in every
+path.
+
+“This was a favourite rendezvous for lovers in courting time—a day’s
+pleasure at Jenny’s Whim being considered by the fair one the most
+enticing enjoyment that could be offered her; and often the hearts of the
+most obdurate have given way beneath the influence of its attractions.
+Jenny’s Whim, therefore, had always, during the season, plenty of
+pleasant parties of young people of both sexes.  Sometimes all its
+chambers were filled, and its gardens thronged by gay and sentimental
+visitors.” {257}
+
+The house is still partly standing, and by its red brick and lattice-work
+may be easily identified.
+
+GRAHAM STREET.—In this street lived and died a man for many years well
+known in London, James Thornton.  He was _cook_ to the Duke of Wellington
+throughout the Peninsular and Waterloo campaigns.  When, on the death of
+his great master, it was stated in the papers that the Duke’s dinner on
+the eventful 18th of June was dressed by a Frenchman, he indignantly
+wrote to the _Times_, claiming his honour.  He possessed an unlimited
+fund of anecdote, and used to boast he buried Lord Anglesea’s leg, and
+helped to support Raglan at the amputation of his arm.  Thornton died in
+1853.
+
+GROSVENOR ROW, together with Queen Street and Jews’ Row, form one
+thoroughfare.  It formerly was one of the most remarkable streets in or
+around the metropolis, and, to a great extent, is so now.  To Jews Row
+came Wilkie to sketch his “Chelsea Pensioner reading the Account of the
+Battle of Waterloo,” painted for the Duke of Wellington.  The iron gate
+shown in the picture is still to be seen.  The numerous signs bear
+witness to the military air of the neighbourhood, such as “The Snow
+Shoes,” a recollection of Wolfe’s glorious campaign, the “General
+Elliott,” and the “Duke of York.”
+
+Grosvenor Row, which terminates at the Stone Bridge (as the place is
+marked in old plans), was built in 1768.  At the end is the “Nell Gwynn,”
+a tavern named after the mistress of Charles II.  Its sign-board was
+originally decorated with her likeness; and the legend, firmly believed
+by old Chelsea folk, that to her the noble institution adjacent owes its
+foundation, was painted underneath.  Nell’s residence at Sandy End has
+been doubted by Mr. Cunningham.  It is certain that her mother resided
+near the Neate Houses in Pimlico; and, in the records of Knightsbridge
+Chapel, there are occasionally entries of the name—connections not
+improbably of the royal mistress.  One of the entries, Jan. 13, 1667,
+records the marriage of Robert Hands and Mary Gwin, the former being the
+name of a family long resident freeholders in Pimlico, and to whom
+Chelsea Bun House, which I am now about to notice, belonged.
+
+CHELSEA BUN HOUSE was established early in the eighteenth century, but
+the exact time is unknown.  It had obtained a reputation for its buns as
+early as 1712; for in that year, Swift, who then resided at Chelsea,
+mentions buying one of them in his walks.  It soon became quite a
+fashionable resort of a morning: even the Royal Family used familiarly to
+visit Mrs. Hands, who was a complete living history of all the affairs of
+the district, and of those who came thither.  To her customers her
+garrulous anecdote was a fund of amusement, and her house and colonnade
+were continually crowded with loungers.  George II., his Queen, and their
+family, patronised the place, and were frequently to be seen laying siege
+to its delicacies.  George III., too, after he had ascended the throne,
+did not forget the spot where, in his childhood, he had paid many a
+pleasant visit; and in his turn, when his family was young, he and Queen
+Charlotte frequently accompanied it thither.  The latter presented Mrs.
+Hands with a silver half-gallon mug, highly ornamented, and five guineas
+at its bottom, as a testimony of her appreciation of the attentions
+bestowed on the royal children.
+
+On Good Fridays the concourse of people drawn hither was immense.
+Business on this day was always commenced at four o’clock in the morning,
+by which time numbers of customers were waiting; and on some occasions it
+has been estimated that fifty thousand persons have assembled here for
+hours before eight o’clock.  Occasionally the crowd became unruly, and
+disturbances ensued, and it was found necessary to close the
+establishment partially.  Handbills of a warning character were issued,
+and constables stationed to preserve order.
+
+When Ranelagh declined from its zenith, the Bun House experienced the
+reverse of fortune.  Parties visiting the former generally called to
+patronise the latter before they entered; and the success of the one
+depended more perhaps than would have been easily credited on that of the
+other, and it gradually dwindled away to complete insignificance.
+
+The Bun House consisted of but one storey, was about 50 ft. in length by
+14 ft. in breadth, with a colonnade in front projecting over the
+pavement, and affording a convenient shelter in wet weather.  The
+interior was fitted up in a perfectly unique manner; the array of
+curiosities of every kind, and various countries, forming a collection
+amusing and grotesque.  There were artificial and natural curiosities,
+the former including models of St. Mary Redcliffe, and of a ship; clocks
+of curious devices, and a model on horseback of the Duke of Cumberland,
+in the costume worn at Culloden; two grenadiers in the costume of the
+same period, four feet in height, in lead, and weighing each nearly two
+hundredweight.  There were also some paintings, the most famous of which
+was the portrait of Aurungzebe, Emperor of Hindostan.  The natural
+curiosities consisted of stuffed birds and animals, minerals, ores, and
+similar rarities, arranged in cases; while the furniture, antique in
+manufacture, multifarious in design, strong in make, and comfortable in
+use, added to the peculiarity of the place, and its attractions.  In the
+King’s collection in the British Museum is an engraving of “A Perspective
+View of Richard Hands’ Bun House, at Chelsea, who has the Honour to serve
+the Royal Family.”
+
+Various improvements being carried out in this part of Pimlico, in
+accordance with an Act of Parliament (introduced by Sir Matthew Wood),
+passed in 1839, the Bun House was condemned and pulled down in that year;
+preserving its ancient appearance, though not its ancient reputation, to
+the last.
+
+After Mrs. Hands died, her son carried on the business.  He was a most
+eccentric character, and dealt also largely in butter, which in all
+weathers he carried about the streets in a basket.  He, like his mother,
+was thoroughly versed in the lore of the district, and like the old
+Bluegown in Scott’s “Antiquary,” was the bearer of its news as well as
+butter.  He was much respected in the neighbourhood; and on his death, an
+elder brother, who had entered the army, and was then a poor knight of
+Windsor, became proprietor.  He also was eccentric in manner, and
+peculiar in costume; and on his death, leaving no friends or relatives,
+the property was claimed by the Crown.
+
+Chelsea Bun, House has given name to one of Miss Manning’s novels,
+published in 1854.
+
+Opposite to the Bun House stood Stromboli House and gardens, a minor
+place of recreation, at its height about 1788; on the site of St.
+Barnabas’ College stood the Orange tavern and tea-gardens.  Here was a
+private theatre, at which the local genii of the sock and buskin
+performed to their admiring neighbours; and at the junction of Grosvenor
+Row and Ebury Street stood an old inn, a relic of the Republicans in the
+neighbourhood, and which bore one of the peculiar and enthusiastic
+appellations of that period—_God encompasseth us_.  This was corrupted
+into “The Goat and Compasses,” an absurd and unmeaning sign, but the
+modern inn is now called simply “The Compasses.”
+
+RANELAGH GROVE AND TERRACE is so named from the celebrated place of
+amusement of our ancestors; but is in the parish of Chelsea, and
+therefore not within our design.  At No. 2, Ranelagh Terrace, died the
+Rev. Thomas Pennington, nephew of the celebrated Elizabeth Carter.  He
+was author of two works of foreign travel, and also of “Memoirs of the
+Grand Dukes of the House of Medici.”  He died December 21st, 1852, in his
+92nd year.
+
+UPPER EBURY STREET.—Part only of this street is within the district of
+St. Paul’s; in it died Rodwell, the composer, and William Skelton, a
+celebrated engraver.  Skelton’s productions are numerous, and extend over
+a lengthened period, among them a series of portraits of the reigning
+family from George III. to our present Queen.  He died here, August 13th,
+1848, in his 86th year, and was buried in Brompton Cemetery.
+
+Several places of public entertainment were in the neighbourhood of Ebury
+Street, the chief of which were “The Star and Garter” and “The Dwarf;”
+both were in their heyday about 1760; and notices of them were frequent
+in the papers of the time.  “The Cherokee Chiefs,” objects of wonder in
+1760, and alluded to in Goldsmith’s “Citizen of the World,” were
+frequently to be seen here.  “The Star and Garter” stood near to the end
+of Burton Street, “The Dwarf” on the site of the factory in Elizabeth
+Street.  There were besides these, places of minor resort, mere
+tea-gardens.  “To drink tea at Pimlico” became proverbial in the last
+century.  Here came from the close streets, to inhale the purer air of
+the fields, hundreds of the working-classes; more especially on the
+Sunday they poured forth, old and young, married and single.  Gay says of
+the spring-time—
+
+    “Then Chelsea’s meads o’erhear perfidious vows,
+    And the press’d grass defrauds the grazing cows.”
+
+One of these places was attached to the house now numbered 75.
+
+WESTBOURNE PLACE is a neat double row of houses (deriving its name from
+the stream) joining Eaton and Sloane Squares.  No. 2 was the house taken
+in 1808 by Colonel Wardle for the notorious Mary Ann Clarke, as part
+recompense for the services she was to render in the prosecution of the
+inquiry into the conduct of the Duke of York.  Into the history of this
+disgraceful connection I do not intend to enter, any more than to say,
+that afterwards an action was brought against Colonel Wardle for the
+value of the furniture supplied to this house, as was alleged, on the
+faith of his personal promise.  William Thomas Lewis, for many years a
+popular comedian, and acting manager of Covent Garden Theatre, died at
+his residence in Westbourne Place on January 13th, 1811.  No. 23 was once
+the residence of Miss Corbaux, celebrated as a painter, and for her
+knowledge in those most recondite of studies, the histories and languages
+of the ancient nations of the East.
+
+WESTBOURNE STREET branches off Westbourne Place.  Mr. Smith, author of “A
+History of Marylebone,” once lived here.  In this street is a Baptist
+Chapel.  Formerly, on a part of this ground, was York Hospital, a depôt
+for invalid soldiers, and named after the Duke of York.  Here for two
+years, _without pay_, Mr. Guthrie, the eminent surgeon, attended on the
+poor fellows maimed at Waterloo.  The establishment, in 1819, was removed
+to Chatham.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VI.
+SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SUMMARY.
+
+
+    “The more carefully we examine the history of the past, the more
+    reason shall we find to dissent from those who imagine that our age
+    has been fruitful of new social evils.  The truth is that the evils
+    are, with scarcely an exception, old.  That which is new is the
+    intelligence which discerns, and the humanity which remedies
+    them.”—MACAULAY.
+
+HAVING with the previous chapter brought my account of Knightsbridge to a
+close, I cannot more appropriately conclude than by a few remarks on
+subjects coming within the scope of the heading of this chapter.  But
+here again my notes must necessarily be meagre and brief, for
+Knightsbridge never having been of itself parochial, books, such as
+generally form the staple of such chapters as this, have never been kept
+to show, with the accuracy parish books do, the rise and progress of the
+place.
+
+The population of the parish of St. George, Hanover Square, was,
+according to the census of 1851, 73,230 persons, of whom 40,034 were
+within the two wards of Knightsbridge and Pimlico; and of this number,
+about 14,000 are resident in the district of St. Paul’s.  The population
+of All Saints’ district cannot with accuracy be tested, a large part of
+it lying beyond our bounds; and building having made very extensive
+progress even since 1851, its population has increased in proportion.
+
+In 1578, Mr. Walcot states only six persons were rated by the St.
+Margaret’s overseers in Knightsbridge and Kensington; and in 1687 only
+five people are rated in St. Martin’s books for the whole of Pimlico.
+
+The progress of building appears to have taken place not so much
+progressively as in two distinct movements.  The first was from 1770 to
+1780, and the other from 1825 to our own time; on examination, it will be
+found that few of our streets were built at other periods.  A letter
+before me of a skilled carpenter, written in 1783, tells his friends in
+the country he gets 2s. 8d. per day for his labour, and that he is
+allowed to make seven days per week, “and if the peace continueth” he
+shall be able to realise 20s. or a guinea per week; for his lodging he
+paid 2s. per week.  If this was a fair sample of the rate of wages then,
+the mechanic’s financial condition must have improved to an extent little
+credited perhaps by themselves.
+
+The air of Knightsbridge has always been considered pure and salubrious.
+Swift brought Harrison to the place for the benefit of pure air; and
+fifty years since it still maintained the character, for Lady Hester
+Stanhope sent a faithful footman here for the same relief.  Constitution
+Hill and Montpelier Square derived their names from this fact.  The main
+street of Knightsbridge, from Hyde Park Corner to Kensington, stands on a
+peculiar but well-defined terrace of the London clay, which separates the
+gravels of Hyde Park from those more southward, {269} and is rather more
+than thirty feet deep.  The yellow gravel of Hyde Park, says Sir Charles
+Lyell, is, comparatively speaking, of modern date, consisting of slightly
+rolled angular fragments, in which portions of the white opaque coating
+of the original chalk-flint remain uncovered.  Southward of the clayey
+line just mentioned the surface soil is a “made” one.  Underneath the
+native earth are thick layers of sand, beneath which is a blue clayey
+earth, and then a sediment, consisting chiefly of cockle and oyster
+shells, which beautifully retain their appearance.  Thus the soil of our
+locality is a porous one, and rapidly absorbs the surface water; an
+advantage greatly tending to the health of the inhabitants, for parts of
+Pimlico are but slightly above high-water mark, and the air would
+consequently be very moist and relaxing.
+
+In a sanitary point of view all is not fair, even in Belgravia; behind
+its imposing mansions many a foul spot is hypocritically hidden; and
+although much has been done by the medical officer, there yet remains
+plenty of work on hand for him: too many spots yet requiring thorough
+transformation, and a vigilant watch to be kept, that selfishness be not
+permitted to triumph over public good. {270}
+
+The local government of part of Knightsbridge and Belgravia was formerly
+undertaken by a Board of Trustees chosen by authority of an Act of
+Parliament passed in 1829.  This was one of the local measures swept away
+by the general Act of Sir B. Hall; and now the Knightsbridge ward
+(extending to Ebury Street) returns twenty-seven members to the vestry of
+St. George, as constituted by his bill.  The other parts of the hamlet
+were under control from various bodies deriving authority under several
+Acts of Parliament, but now belong to wards of the parishes in which they
+are situated.  The bill passed by Sir B. Hall, though perhaps not all
+that could be desired, is yet calculated to effect an immense improvement
+over the old system, which in this locality, conflicting with other
+interests and regulations, worked but poorly.  Many of the improvements
+and alterations, appearing in themselves to be but trifling, yet, when
+looked at in the aggregate, are of great benefit and importance, were
+effected by the energy of individuals instead of the action of the local
+board.  One instance will suffice.  The footway between the Spring Gate
+and Hyde Park Corner remained a gravel walk, which in winter time became
+mere slush, until some of the inhabitants at length caused the Government
+to pave it in 1854; and even the “crossing” from the Spring Gate to St.
+George’s Place was paid for by Mr. Westerton and one or two other
+inhabitants.
+
+In politics, in the days of Burdett, the Knightsbridgites were generally
+Radicals of the first water.  Burdett was in every respect their man.  He
+and Hobhouse once started on their “chairing” from the house at the
+corner of Sloane Street.
+
+The right of voting for representatives is not the only privilege the
+inhabitants of the hamlet enjoy.  Those who are in the All Saints
+District are qualified for all the numerous hospitals and charities in
+the parish of St. Margaret’s, which are among the best and most liberal
+in the metropolis.
+
+The Government having decided on erecting at the “Gore” museums and
+galleries for our National Collections, it is only reasonable to believe
+that such will result in a thorough revolution in the locality.  Such has
+already taken place at the Gore and Brompton, and it behoves those who
+have the local management in their hands to render the neighbourhood a
+fit one for such establishments.  The improvement of its approaches
+should, above all things, be considered; and in the main street of our
+hamlet there is yet, unluckily, too much room for improvement.  It would
+be a worthy entrance to the capital of the kingdom, if the many
+abominations now offending the eye could be removed; and it is doubtful
+if there is any valid reason for not setting to at the work right
+earnestly.  If the Park could be thrown open all the way from Apsley
+House to the Chapel (for it is hopeless to expect the removal of the
+vulgar monsters at Albert Gate), and again continued to include the
+Barracks, such would render the roadway the most beautiful and fine in
+every way; would add to its healthiness by allowing the free air to
+circulate, and ultimately prove to be of the most lasting benefit to the
+community.  But if in course of time the present buildings are but to
+make way for others, it will not only perpetuate a nuisance, but a
+disgrace. {273}
+
+I believe I have now noticed all that (in accordance with my plan)
+requires illustration from me.  I therefore close the subject, and trust
+the reader will say “Farewell” to it with a spirit of satisfaction; that
+at least in some respect amusement has been afforded and instruction
+gained; and that the time spent in perusing these pages will not, in the
+end, have been considered unprofitably employed.  Good reader, farewell!
+
+
+
+
+APPENDICES.
+
+
+APPENDIX I.
+KNIGHTSBRIDGE A FAMILY NAME.
+
+
+IN the Issue Roll of the Exchequer, edited by Frederick Devon, are
+several payments in the 43rd Henry III. to Henry de Knythebrig, Nicholas
+de Eye, and others, carpenters employed at the King’s Palace.  A Richard
+Knightsbridge was rector of Sheatham in 1640; and the name, though
+rarely, may still occasionally be met with.
+
+
+
+APPENDIX II.
+THE CROMWELL TRADITION.
+
+
+UNTIL the year 1853 there stood a curious and lonely mansion in the
+Brompton Lanes known as Cromwell House.  The original name was Hale
+House, but it was never called by it within the memory of any now living.
+There are one or two versions of the story attached to this old house
+printed; but they do not entirely agree with that which I have always
+heard—to the effect, that on some occasion Cromwell’s troop was quartered
+at Knightsbridge; and he one day venturing to stray among the lanes of
+Brompton, was met by some cavaliers who knew him, and pursued him to this
+house, where he was sheltered till assistance arrived from Knightsbridge
+and liberated him.  And a confirmation was presumed to exist in the
+inscription on the inn’s front at Knightsbridge that Oliver’s bodyguard
+was once quartered there, and that it was once his “posting-house.”
+
+I am perfectly aware that almost every village has its Cromwellian
+legend, and also that every endeavour to connect the Protector and this
+mansion has hitherto failed.  But I own I am by no means inclined to
+throw over the pleasing belief entirely.  There is a charity at
+Kensington still, called Cromwell’s Gift, which always has been ascribed
+by parish officers and inhabitants to the generosity of the great ruler;
+and although this is unaccountably not entered in the parish books, I do
+not consider such an omission a reason for disbelieving the history
+handed down by successive generations of parish officers, and still to be
+read in the church porch.  In true earnest, I think the omission
+favourable to my view.  No other origin has ever been assigned to the
+charity; and the church authorities at the Restoration would scarcely
+have permitted a laudatory inscription to the Protector to remain.  There
+are no other claimants, and never were: the tradition is, and always has
+been, that to Oliver Cromwell Kensington is indebted for this charity,
+and to him alone.
+
+What reason, then, for this remembrance?  The old legend of Cromwell
+House, is the answer.  We know the Parliament forces were frequently
+quartered here.  Through Knightsbridge ran the high-road from Oxford; and
+Cavaliers proceeding thence would most probably take the bye-road as they
+neared the metropolis.  And the idea is surely not an improbable one that
+Cromwell may have been met with in the manner related.
+
+So far for the legend; but apart from this is another consideration.  In
+1668, the Lawrences of Shurdington, in Gloucestershire, rented Cromwell
+House of the Methwolds.  Henry Lawrence was President of Cromwell’s Privy
+Council, and in other ways a staunch adherent of his policy.  If it could
+be proved he resided here at any time during his official career, a new
+light would be thrown on the subject, and probably clear it up.  On the
+whole, therefore, I consider there are grounds, though they may be but
+slight, for not entirely discarding the tradition, which may yet be some
+day entirely unravelled.
+
+
+
+APPENDIX III.
+ACT FOR BUILDING ALBERT GATE.
+
+
+AS the Act of Parliament which authorised the improvement at Albert Gate
+may prove hereafter to be one greatly affecting the inhabitants of the
+hamlet and the frequenters of the Park, the clause relating to
+Knightsbridge is here appended.
+
+The Bill passed May 10th, 1841, and received the Royal Assent a short
+time following:—
+
+“Anno Quarto Victoriæ Reginæ, Chapter XII.  An Act to enable Her
+Majesty’s Commissioners of Woods to make a new Street from Coventry
+Street, Piccadilly, to Long Acre, and for other Improvements in the
+Metropolis.”
+
+Clause LXXVII.—And whereas it is in contemplation by the Commissioners of
+Her Majesty’s Woods, Forests, Land Revenues, Works, and Buildings, to
+recommend to Her Majesty, with a view to public Improvement and the
+Accommodation of the Inhabitants of the new Squares, Streets, and Places,
+that have lately been erected and formed in the neighbourhood of
+Knightsbridge, in the County of Middlesex, to make a new Thoroughfare and
+Opening into Hyde Park, subject to such Regulations as Her Majesty may
+approve of: And whereas the Dean and Chapter of the Collegiate Church of
+Saint Peter Westminster are the Owners of certain Ground and Houses on
+the North Side of the Knightsbridge Road, and immediately adjoining that
+part of Hyde Park where the intended Opening is proposed to be made, and
+it is essential to the Accomplishment of the projected Improvements that
+the said Dean and Chapter should have Power to sell, or to lease for any
+Term not exceeding ninety-nine Years, to the said Commissioners of Her
+Majesty’s Woods, Forests, Land Revenues, Works, and Buildings, certain
+small Portions of such Ground and Houses, for the Purpose of enabling the
+said Commissioners to make the said intended Opening, and to erect Houses
+of a suitable Class and Elevation on each Side thereof, be it enacted,
+That it shall be lawful for the said Dean and Chapter of the Collegiate
+Church of Saint Peter Westminster, and they are hereby authorised and
+empowered to contract for, Sell, and convey to Her Majesty, Her Heirs and
+Successors, at such Price or Prices as shall be agreed upon, or
+ascertained in manner prescribed by the Act hereinafter referred to, to
+be the fair value thereof, all or any Part of the Ground and
+Hereditaments hereinafter described, that is to say, all that Piece or
+Parcel of Ground, with the Cannon Brewery, the Fox and Bull Public House,
+and other Buildings, thereon erected and built, situate on the North Side
+of the Knightsbridge Road aforesaid, bounded on the East by the
+Watercourse leading from and out of the Serpentine River to the River
+Thames, and extending Westward from such Watercourse Two hundred and
+thirty Feet or thereabouts on the North and South Sides thereof, and
+containing in Breadth one hundred and thirty Feet or thereabouts on the
+West Side thereof, and One hundred Feet or thereabouts on the East Side
+thereof; and also all that other Piece or Parcel of Ground, with the
+several Messuages and Buildings thereon erected and built, known and
+distinguished by the Nos. 23, 24, and 25, Knightsbridge, bounded on the
+West by the said Watercourse, and extending Eastwards therefrom
+Seventy-four Feet or thereabouts on the North and South Sides thereof,
+and containing in Breadth Eighty-four Feet or thereabouts on the West
+Side thereof, and Seventy Feet or thereabouts on the East Side thereof,
+with the Appurtenances; and that it shall be lawful for the said Dean and
+Chapter, and they are hereby authorised and empowered, by Indenture under
+their Common Seal, on the Surrender of any existing Lease or Leases of
+the same Premises, or any Part or Parts thereof, to the said
+Commissioners, or to such Person or Persons as the said Commissioners
+shall appoint on behalf of Her Majesty, Her Heirs and Successors, for any
+Term or Number of Years not exceeding Ninety-nine Years, at such Rent,
+and subject to such Covenants, Conditions, and Provisoes, and on such
+Terms as shall be agreed upon between the said Dean and Chapter and the
+said Commissioners, and to enter into such Contracts and Agreements for
+the Purposes aforesaid as to them shall seem proper; and all Contracts,
+Agreements, Sales, Leases, Conveyances, and Assurances, shall be valid
+and effectual in the Law to all Intents and Purposes whatsover.
+
+
+
+APPENDIX IV.
+TRINITY CHAPEL, MEMORIAL WINDOWS OF ST.  PAUL’S CHURCH, AND ST.  PAUL’S
+SCHOOLS.
+
+
+THE following brief notices are considered worthy of addition to the
+work.  In the first place, the days of the Old Chapel, with its present
+undignified appearance and circumscribed circle of usefulness, are
+numbered.  It is purposed, so soon as Dr. Wilson can procure the
+necessary funds, some £3,000, to pull down the present ruinous edifice,
+and erect a structure in its stead more worthy of the present position of
+Knightsbridge.  Seventy years ago it was a poor rural hamlet: it is now a
+wealthy populous district.  Shall its oldest institution not keep pace
+with the locality?  May it not yet remain “the Nursing Mother” of its
+natural and legitimate district?  It is trusted that the authorities in
+such matters may apportion it an ecclesiastical district, and thus at
+last repair the blunder perpetrated at the various parochial divisions to
+which our neighbourhood has been subjected.  It may be argued that this
+new arrangement is unnecessary; but to an observer it will have appeared
+that when in our metropolitan districts new churches have been built,
+they have been filled, and work has been found for their clergy without
+at all lessening the congregation or otherwise disturbing to injury the
+constitution of the parent parish.  We anticipate a similar result: the
+present chapel is not nearly large enough for its congregation; and one
+has only to visit St. Paul’s to see that more space is wanted there.
+“Division of work makes light labour;” with what greater force will that
+apply in spiritual matters.  We hope that the history of this old and
+useful foundation recorded in this work may so interest the public that
+they will at once so add to the £2,000 collected by Dr. Wilson as to
+enable him to carry his praiseworthy design into effect immediately.
+
+The next point is, to the memorial windows of the Church, mentioned at
+page 96, have been added the following, in memory of the persons here
+named, one to each:—George Canning Backhouse, Esq.; Sir Joseph Bailey,
+Bart.; Arthur Stert, Esq.; Major-General J. Bucknall Estcourt,
+Adjutant-General to the Crimean Army; Captain the Hon. Robert Hay
+Drummond, Coldstream Guards, wounded in the trenches before Sebastopol;
+Lieutenant Hubert Greville, Coldstream Guards, killed 5th November, 1854;
+Brigadier-General Arthur Wellesley Torrens, K.C.B.; and Captain Viscount
+Chewton, Scots Fusiliers.  On the whole, the list of those for whom these
+are memorials is one of which those connected with the Church may well be
+proud—monuments alike to the illustrious dead and the pious regard of
+their survivors.
+
+The third and last addition is relating to the Schools.  They will now,
+in the course of this year (1859), be at length housed in buildings fit
+and proper for the purpose.  Since the original foundation in 1783, this
+has never been the case.  The new buildings are of a very tasteful
+design, in the Early English style.  They are built of white Suffolk
+bricks, in the form of a cross, with ornamental red brickwork and
+Bath-stone windows and dressings.  They will have accommodation for 400
+children, although the average attendance does not exceed, of boys 120,
+girls 70, infants 90; but occasionally the numbers are many more, as from
+their position (that part of town being half empty greater part of the
+year) the attendance is necessarily fluctuating: they are entirely
+supported by voluntary contributions and the school-pence.  The education
+given is on the national system; and if we may judge from the number of
+young persons who, having risen to respectable positions in life, come
+occasionally to visit their late instructors, it is not unfruitful of
+good results.  The estimated cost of the present edifice is £3,000.  The
+requisite residences of the teachers will be attached thereto so soon as
+the subscriptions will allow.  The remainder of their history is told on
+the parchment enclosed in the foundation-stone, thus:—“To the glory of
+God and the welfare of Christ’s poor in the communion of his Church in
+England, these parochial Schools of St. Paul’s, Wilton-place,
+Knightsbridge, are devoted.  The first stone was laid on St. Matthias’
+day, in the year of our Lord 1859, by Henry Barnett, Esq., Treasurer of
+the Schools; Robert Liddell, Parish Priest; Thomas Cundy, Architect;
+George Trollope, Builder.”
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+   London: TAYLOR AND GREENING, Printers, Graystoke-place, Fetter-lane.
+
+
+
+
+FOOTNOTES
+
+
+{0}  In this Project Gutenberg eText the erratum has been applied.—DP.
+
+{3}  “Memorials of Westminster,” by Rev. Mackenzie Walcott.
+
+{10}  See “Paddington: Past and Present,” p. 22.
+
+{11}  So the name is written in the body of the charter still preserved
+in the British Museum in the title the name is spelt “KNYGHTSBRIGG.”
+
+{14}  See “Statutes of the Realm,” published by the Record Commissioners.
+
+{19}  After the death of her first husband she married John Tregonwell,
+Esq., but lies in the same grave with the former, in St. Margaret’s
+Churchyard, where a tomb may be still seen to their memory.
+
+{24}  Faulkner’s Brentford.
+
+{25}  Dated November 27, 1736.  See Lord Hervey’s Memoirs, edited by Mr.
+Croker.
+
+{26}  “Lives of the Chancellors,” vol. iv., p. 420.  See also Evelyn’s
+Diary, November 15, 1699, where he complains of robberies here, even
+while coaches and travellers are passing.
+
+{27a}  This year seems to have been prolific in such cases; the following
+is taken from the _London Chronicle_, December 27, 1774:—Mr. Jackson, of
+the Court of Requests, Westminster, was attacked at Kensington Gore, by
+four footpads: he shot one dead, and the others decamped.
+
+{27b}  See _Morning Chronicle_, May 23, 1799.
+
+{30}  The last oil-lamp was removed from Park-side about 1850.
+
+{31}  See analysis, &c., of these waters in Dr. Aldis’ Report on Sanitary
+Condition of this district, and _Builder_, October 10, 1856.
+
+{35}  See “Notes of the Evidence given against Lord Howard of Escrick, at
+the Grand Inquest,” &c., a single sheet, 1681.
+
+{39}  The flags are preserved in the United Service Museum, to which
+institution they were, with various papers, given by the Major’s son, S.
+A. Eyre, Esq.  There was a song written in honour of the corps by one
+Bradshaw, of which I have only been able to recover the chorus:—
+
+    “Then with Major Eyre we’ll go, my boys,
+    Then with Major Eyre we’ll go.”
+
+{52}  Additional MSS., No. 5,755, British Museum.
+
+{55}  Lysons’ “Environs of London.”
+
+{56}  Nichols’ “Illustrations of the Manners and Expenses of Ancient
+Times,” 4to, 1797; in which these accounts are published.
+
+{58a}  See Bell’s edition of Butler.  Mr. Bell’s doubt as to the
+existence of the Lazar-house in the time of the Civil War is, as our
+extracts show, unfounded.
+
+{58b}  “Notes and Queries,” vol. i., p. 260.
+
+{60}  “Parliamentary Surveys and Minutes of the Committees,” quoted by
+Lysons.
+
+{62}  Emphatic, notwithstanding its bad Latin.
+
+{63a}  There having been but two Bishops of London with the Christian
+name of William, about the time of any eminence that the Chapel enjoyed,
+this must have been one of those two, William Laud or William Juxon;
+seeing that Laud licensed its rebuilding, and that his chancellor was so
+far interested in it as to give the Paten, I think it may be safely
+assumed that the small chalice was presented by the former.  Laud was
+bishop from 1628 to 1633, when he was translated to Canterbury, and
+afterwards beheaded.  Juxon succeeded him in the See of London, 1633
+until 1660; he was the prelate present with Charles I. in his last
+moments.
+
+{63b}  It was frequently dignified with the title of church.  I have
+papers by me of 1837, so describing it.
+
+{65}  “To forward Mr. Hervé’s plan for the support of such of the middle
+classes of society who have fallen upon evil days, the Rev. Mr. Harris
+has lent his chapel at Knightsbridge, where Mr. Hervé will deliver a
+lecture on Tuesday morning. . . .  Mr. Harris, perhaps, thinks with us,
+that the most acceptable part of religion is that practice which comforts
+the afflicted, and benefits the unfortunate; and, if report be true, Mr.
+Harris does not confine himself merely to the recommendation of
+benevolent actions.”—_Examiner_, August 30, 1812.
+
+{67}  Doubtless, when they were in private hands, they were kept by the
+clerk’s daughter, in 1819 (see Wilkinson’s _Londina Illustrata_); the
+account of the chapel in this work is very erroneous, but most of the
+papers therein published are missing.  Dr. Wilson has the remainder in
+his custody, and they having lately been repaired by the author of this
+work, are likely to last many years.
+
+{78}  See Correspondence at the end of Pepys’ “Diary,” vol. iv., pp. 235,
+241, and 242.
+
+{86}  The entries to which is affixed an asterisk are not at the Chapel
+Books now; they have been made away with since 1819, when they were
+copied for Wilkinson’s “Londina.”
+
+{87}  Thomas Halley was clerk from 1664 to 1669, when William Hipsley was
+appointed: in Kensington register his burial is entered December 2nd,
+1689, when Thomas Hipsley succeeded him.  He appears to have been the
+builder and carpenter of the place, took great interest in the
+Revolution, and in the Wars against Louis XIV., as appears by some of his
+memoranda.  He was clerk for many years.
+
+{88}  The last beadle died in 1835, since when the office has been
+vacant.
+
+{90}  Many names still in the locality, or that have died out within the
+last half century, are to be found in these Registers; it may be
+serviceable to note a few:—Aley, Arnold, Baber, Beadle, Briscoe, Britten,
+Burton, Coppin, Cowell, Cromwell, Danvers, Dexter, Faulkner, Gunter,
+Gwin, Hipsley, Lilly, London, Merriman, Morland, Perrin, Pope, Rouse,
+Thorowgood, Timberlake, Whitehead, Wise, Woolley.  From their imperfect
+condition it is useless to attempt a statistical analysis of the
+baptisms, but of the marriages I have made a few notes, as follow:—In
+1659 there were 36 marriages; in 1661, 81; in the half-year ending
+December 31st, 1665, they had increased to the large number of 335.  For
+about twelve years they continue very numerous, but in 1696 there were
+394 marriages, two years after the number fell to 155; in 1704 they
+decreased to 45, and such decrease continued till, in 1747, only five
+entries are made, in 1751 only _one_, and in 1752 but _two_.
+
+{92}  When the foundation stone was laid they amounted to about £12,000;
+among the contributors were Earl Fitzwilliam, £500; the Earls of
+Bradford, Brownlow, Burlington and Winchelsea, Geo. A. Haldimand, J. A.
+Smith, and E. J. Shirley, Esqs., each £200; Duke of Montrose, Marquis
+Camden, Earl Sefton, Earl Carlisle, Sir J. Mordaunt, Sir J. Heathcote, T.
+Cubitt, T. Cundy, Esqs., each £100; and Geo. Drummond, Esq., £200.
+
+{104}  This inscription, through various means, I have traced back nearly
+a century: another century makes us contemporary.  Would all recollection
+of such momentous times die away in that time?  The writer of this spoke
+to an old man in 1845, who remembered the bells ringing for the capture
+of Quebec by Wolfe in 1759.
+
+{106}  See the Appendix.
+
+{109}  See for further notices of Sterling, Carlyle’s “Life of John
+Sterling;” and “The Fourth Estate,” by F. K. Hunt.
+
+{112a}  A number of these are in my possession.
+
+{112b}  There was a very old wooden gate, opening from the yard at the
+back into the park; the bodies of those drowned in the Serpentine were
+brought in through it.
+
+{114}  Afterwards bought by the well-known Andrew Mann, and placed by him
+on the top of a public house at the corner of Warwick Street, Pimlico.
+
+{117}  See “Gentleman’s Magazine,” 1810; “Life of Romney,” by his
+brother; “Johnsoniana,” &c.  Of Part XIV. of this work Humphry was
+author.
+
+{118}  Afterwards called the “Life Guardsman.”
+
+{120a}  “Letters to Julia,” by Henry Luttrell.
+
+{120b}  “Year Book,” 1826.
+
+{129}  “King’s Anecdotes of His Own Times.”
+
+{147}  See “Faulkner’s Kensington,” and “Notes and Queries,” vol. xii.,
+p. 186.
+
+{148}  See “Symmons’ Life of Milton,” 2d edit., 1810, pp. 122–124.
+
+{149a}  Cooke’s Preface to “Conversation: a Didactic Poem.”  1807.
+
+{149b}  Quoted by Faulkner, “Hist. Chelsea.”
+
+{149c}  “Journey to London,” quoted by Mr. Peter Cunningham.
+
+{149d}  “Notes and Queries,” v. 487.
+
+{154} “Belgravia: a Poem.”
+
+{157a}  See “Oxford Magazine,” for 1770; London and Country magazines,
+between 1770 and 1774.
+
+{157b}  In the Bankrupt List, _London Gazette_, November, 1772, appears
+the following:—“Teresa Cornellys, Carlisle House, St. Ann, Soho, dealer.”
+
+{159}  I need hardly point out the allusion.  Montpelier is said to be
+the Cheltenham of France.
+
+{160}  See “Monthly Magazine,” April, 1821; and “Notes and Queries,” vol.
+x., p. 228.
+
+{161a}  See “The Virtues of a Jail.”
+
+{161b}  His experiments were made by an electrometer of his own
+construction, which extended several yards above his house.  See
+_Examiner_, October 2nd, 1814.
+
+{163}  “Gate” is a modern stupidity for a square or terrace.  What can be
+more unmeaning?
+
+{170a}  For report of her trial, &c., see “Gentleman’s Magazine,” and
+“London Chronicle,” 1776; Ditto, ditto, 1788.  “Walpole’s Letters to
+Mason” (“Bentley’s Miscellany,” vol. 33).
+
+{170b}  See Creasy’s “Eminent Etonians.”
+
+{170c}  Kingston House is now sometimes called Ennismore House, from the
+second title of Lord Listowel.  It is generally considered the
+termination of Knightsbridge in this direction.  In old directories it is
+described as No. 3, Knightsbridge.
+
+{172}  See “London Chronicle,” June 22nd, 1784.
+
+{175}  Life of Arthur Murphy, by Jesse Foote; Madame D’Arblay’s Diary,
+&c.
+
+{177}  The following are from newspapers:—“Births, Sep. 28.  The lady of
+the Marquis of Granby, of a daughter, at Rutland House, Knightsbridge.”
+1772.
+
+“On Friday night the Marquis of Granby arrived at the seat of his
+grandfather, the Duke of Rutland, at Knightsbridge, from making the tour
+of France and Holland.”—_London Chronicle_, July 5, 1774.
+
+“Died yesterday at Rutland House, Knightsbridge, Lord William Robert
+Manners, youngest brother of the Duke of Rutland.”  1793.
+
+{180}  Timbs’ “Curiosities of London.”
+
+{198}  The writer in “Knight’s London” fixes the opening of Tattersall’s
+about 1779, but it was earlier.—See _Morning Post_, August 23rd, 1775.
+
+{200}  Walcott’s “Memorials of Westminster,” Appendix.  2nd edition.
+
+{201}  See “Macaulay’s History of England,” i., 512.
+
+{203}  See “Macaulay’s History;” “A Collection of the Debates Concerning
+the late Briberies and Corrupt Practices,” 1695; “Manning’s Lives of the
+Speakers,” &c.
+
+{209}  See “Journal to Stella,” Jan. 2nd and Feb. 4th, 1711; also Feb.
+12th and 15th, 1713.
+
+{211}  Lyson’s “Environs of London.”
+
+{214}  In Kensington register are the following entries:—
+
+    1665.  “Robert Southwell, of Whitehall, Esq., and Mrs. Elizabeth
+    Dering, daughter of Sir Edward Dering, of Surrenden, Kent, married by
+    Seth Ward, Lord Bishop of Exeter, 26th January.”
+
+    1686.  (Buried.) “John Humfreys, servant to the Right Rev. Seth,
+    Bishop of Salisbury, at Knightsbridge, 2nd December.”
+
+{220}  See “Faulkner’s Chelsea,” vol. i., p. 44.
+
+{221} “Read’s Journal,” May 24, 1753; see also “Faulkner’s Chelsea.”
+
+{227}  Lady Chatterton, “Home Sketches,” vol. ii. p. 280.
+
+{232}  See “Haydon’s Diary,” November 14, 1837.  Also vol. iii, p. 77.
+
+{243}  See “Autobiography of William Jerdan,” vol. ii., pp. 282–284.
+
+{245a}  “Cunningham’s Handbook of London.”
+
+{245b}  “Gentleman’s Magazine,” 1856.
+
+{245c}  See “Notes and Queries,” vol. i., p. 474.
+
+{246}  See Ben Jonson’s “Bartholomew Fair;” Greene’s “Tu Quoque;” “The
+City Madam;” “The Devil is an Ass;” “The City Match,” &c. &c.
+
+{248}  There was one at Bankside; also places so named are to be found in
+Yorkshire, Lancashire, and Cudham in Kent.
+
+{257}  In 1755, a 4to satirical tract was published, entitled “Jenny’s
+Whim; or, a Sure Guide to the Nobility, Gentry, and other Eminent Persons
+in this Metropolis.”
+
+{269}  Letter of Mr. R. W. Mylne in the _Times_, June 7, 1857.
+
+{270}  See Dr. Aldis’s “Report on Sanitary Works in Belgravia;” “Letter
+to the Vestry of St. George,” &c.
+
+{273}  See the Appendix.
+
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MEMORIALS OF THE HAMLET OF
+KNIGHTSBRIDGE***
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+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII" />
+<title>The Memorials of the Hamlet of Knightsbridge, by Henry George Davis</title>
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+
+The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Memorials of the Hamlet of Knightsbridge,
+by Henry George Davis, Edited by Charles Davis
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: The Memorials of the Hamlet of Knightsbridge
+       with Notices of its Immediate Neighbourhood
+
+
+Author: Henry George Davis
+
+Editor: Charles Davis
+
+Release Date: May 19, 2014  [eBook #45695]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII)
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MEMORIALS OF THE HAMLET OF
+KNIGHTSBRIDGE***
+</pre>
+<p>Transcribed from the 1856 J. Russell Smith edition by David
+Price, email ccx074@pglaf.org.&nbsp; Many thanks to Royal
+Kensington Libraries for allowing their copy to be used for this
+transcription.</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/fpb.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"Knightsbridge&mdash;The site of Albert Gate"
+title=
+"Knightsbridge&mdash;The site of Albert Gate"
+src="images/fps.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<h1><span class="GutSmall">THE</span><br />
+MEMORIALS OF THE HAMLET<br />
+<span class="GutSmall">OF</span><br />
+KNIGHTSBRIDGE.</h1>
+<p style="text-align: center">With Notices of its Immediate
+Neighbourhood.</p>
+
+<div class="gapspace">&nbsp;</div>
+<p style="text-align: center"><span class="GutSmall">BY THE
+LATE</span></p>
+<p style="text-align: center">HENRY GEORGE DAVIS.</p>
+
+<div class="gapspace">&nbsp;</div>
+
+<div class="gapshortline">&nbsp;</div>
+<p style="text-align: center"><span class="GutSmall">EDITED
+BY</span></p>
+<p style="text-align: center">CHARLES DAVIS.</p>
+
+<div class="gapshortline">&nbsp;</div>
+
+<div class="gapspace">&nbsp;</div>
+<p style="text-align: center">LONDON:</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">PUBLISHED BY J. RUSSELL SMITH,
+SOHO-SQUARE;</p>
+<p style="text-align: center"><span class="GutSmall">AND TO BE
+HAD OF MR. DAVIS, ST. PAUL&rsquo;S SCHOOLS,
+KNIGHTSBRIDGE.</span></p>
+<p style="text-align: center">1859.</p>
+
+<div class="gapspace">&nbsp;</div>
+<p style="text-align: center"><a name="pageii"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. ii</span><span
+class="GutSmall">LONDON:</span><br />
+<span class="GutSmall">TAYLOR AND GREENING, PRINTERS,
+GRAYSTOKE-PLACE,</span><br />
+<span class="GutSmall">FETTER-LANE, HOLBORN.</span></p>
+<h2><a name="pageiii"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+iii</span>PREFACE.</h2>
+<p><span class="smcap">In</span> presenting the <span
+class="smcap">Memorials of Knightsbridge</span> to the public,
+apology must be made for the delay in its appearance since the
+announcement of its intended publication.&nbsp; This was
+occasioned by the sudden and protracted illness of its Editor:
+since his restoration, he has prosecuted the work with all the
+diligence which his time permitted.</p>
+<p>The book is published in the hope that its critics may treat
+its Author kindly, since the brain that indited it is, alas! no
+more.&nbsp; It is the result of great assiduity and perseverance
+amidst peculiar difficulties, and was only completed just before
+the death of the compiler, who, towards its close, had laboured
+at it with greater energy than his weakened frame ought properly
+to have borne.</p>
+<p>The immediate motive for publication was the Editor&rsquo;s
+regard, it might almost be termed veneration, for its writer,
+seconded by favourable opinions expressed by several literary
+gentlemen who perused the manuscript, and knowledge that many
+notices by the same hand had already appeared in &ldquo;Notes and
+Queries,&rdquo; &ldquo;The West Middlesex Advertiser,&rdquo; and
+the various local papers that have occasionally been published in
+the neighbourhood.</p>
+<p>The work was written from notes made at various times, some
+having been taken when its author was yet a boy.&nbsp; It may
+therefore be described as the labour of his short and painful
+life; and it was felt that so long as the result <a
+name="pageiv"></a><span class="pagenum">p. iv</span>of his
+application was laid aside, so long did the Editor&rsquo;s duty
+to his brother remain unperformed.</p>
+<p>As some little notice of our historian may be desirable, the
+following sketch is subjoined:&mdash;</p>
+<p>Henry George Davis was born at 4, Mill&rsquo;s Buildings, on
+August 14th, 1830.&nbsp; While an infant he had severe
+inflammation of the lungs, which afterwards became confirmed
+pleurisy.&nbsp; He was educated at the Philological School in the
+New Road.&nbsp; Of this Institution he was to the last fond and
+proud.&nbsp; Having carried off many of its prizes, he always
+felt an identity with it.&nbsp; He was of a studious
+inclination&mdash;a disposition doubtless fostered by his
+infirmities; for he was never able to join in the sports of his
+fellows.&nbsp; As he arrived at manhood, his disease (increased
+in 1850 by rheumatic fever) became much more severe, and finally
+released his soul &ldquo;to its Almighty source&rdquo; on the
+30th of December, 1857.</p>
+<p>The Editor has to acknowledge obligations to O. B. Cole, Esq.;
+to the author of &ldquo;Paddington, Past and Present;&rdquo; to
+the Rev. M. Walcot, of &ldquo;The Memorials of
+Westminster;&rdquo; Mr. Cunningham, of &ldquo;The Handbook of
+London;&rdquo; Mr. Faulkner&rsquo;s works; and to those sundry
+publications the name of which is given with each
+quotation.&nbsp; He hopes his readers may have that enjoyment in
+the perusal of the following History which was had in the
+providing of it for them.</p>
+
+<div class="gapspace">&nbsp;</div>
+<p><i>St. Paul&rsquo;s Schools</i>, <i>Knightsbridge</i>,
+<i>June</i>, 1859.</p>
+<h2><a name="pagev"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+v</span>CONTENTS.</h2>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span
+class="GutSmall">PAGE</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Chap</span>.
+I.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Introduction</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page1">1</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Chap</span>.
+II.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Historical Associations</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page32">32</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Chap</span>.
+III.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Modern Parochial Divisions: The Streets, Public Buildings,
+&amp;c.&nbsp; Their Associations, Eminent Inhabitants,
+&amp;c.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page48">48</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Chap</span>.
+IV.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Belgravia</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page216">216</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Chap</span>.
+V.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>The Sub-District of St. Barnabas</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page244">244</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Chap</span>.
+VI.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Social and Political Summary</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page267">267</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<h2>PERSONS.</h2>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span
+class="GutSmall">PAGE</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Allen, John</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page181">181</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Bennett, Rev. W. J. E.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page97">97</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Bensley, Richard</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page207">207</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Birkhead Family</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page88">88</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Blessington, Lady</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page138">138</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Bellamy, G. A.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page215">215</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Bernal, Ralph</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page230">230</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Bowles, Carrington</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page143">143</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Broughton, Dr.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page228">228</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Buckingham, Anecdote of Duke of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page27">27</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Burton, Judge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page115">115</a></span> &amp; <span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page185">185</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Carlisle, Frederick Earl of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page233">233</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Caulfield, General</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page229">229</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Chardin, Sir John</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page215">215</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Cheselden, Mr.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page182">182</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Chudleigh, Miss</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page164">164</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Clarendon, Hyde, Earl of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page223">223</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Clarke, Mrs.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page265">265</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Corbaux, Miss</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page266">266</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Cornellys, Mrs.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page156">156</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Cromwell, Family of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page75">75</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p><a name="pagevi"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+vi</span>Danvers, Family of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page82">82</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Derwentwater, Countess of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page82">82</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>De Dunstanville, Lord</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page110">110</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>D&rsquo;Oliveyra, Francis Xavier</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page210">210</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>D&rsquo;Orsay, Count</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page141">141</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Duncan, Sir H.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page229">229</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Egremont, Lord</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page232">232</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Every, John</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page81">81</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Eyre, Major Robert</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page37">37</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Foote, Anecdote of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page168">168</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Gamble, Rev. J.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page107">107</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Gardiner, Sir R.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page229">229</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Gascoigne, Mrs.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page154">154</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>George IV., Anecdote of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page236">236</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Grant, General Sir W. K.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page227">227</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Guthrie, Mr.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page266">266</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Harness, Rev. W.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page100">100</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Harrison, Thomas</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page207">207</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Hawke, Honourable Miss</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page228">228</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Higgins, Mr. M. J.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page153">153</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Howard of Escrick, Lord</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page34">34</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Howard, Major</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page234">234</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Humphry, Ozias</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page115">115</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Humphrey, Sir William</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page82">82</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Hunter, John</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page182">182</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Inchbald, Mrs., Anecdote of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page135">135</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Jones, Gentleman</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page227">227</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lanesborough, Lord</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page180">180</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Laremar, William</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page186">186</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lenthall, Sir John</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page75">75</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lens, Bernard</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page210">210</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lewis, Sir G. C.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page110">110</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lewis, Lady Theresa</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page110">110</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lewis, William Thomas</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page265">265</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Liddell, Hon. and Rev. R.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page97">97</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Liston, John</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page188">188</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Liston, Mrs.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page196">196</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Louis Napoleon</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page139">139</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Madan, Rev. M.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page238">238</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Maitland, Sir P.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page229">229</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Marsh, Charles</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page110">110</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Marshall, J.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page215">215</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Miller, Robert</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page210">210</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Milner, Isaac</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page138">138</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Molesworth, Sir W.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page229">229</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Morgan, Lady</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page205">205</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Morgann, Maurice</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page147">147</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Morland, Sir Samuel</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page77">77</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Morison, Dr.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page200">200</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Munster, Earl of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page242">242</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Murphy, Arthur</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page172">172</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Nell Gwynne</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page258">258</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Orrery, Countess of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page211">211</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Ossory, Lady</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page234">234</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Penn, William</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page214">214</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Pennington, Rev. Thos.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page263">263</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Pettigrew, Dr. W. V.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page228">228</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Pickett, William</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page188">188</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Read, John</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page161">161</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Reynolds, Sir Joshua</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page112">112</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Richmond, Rev. Legh</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page226">226</a></span> &amp; <span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page240">240</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Rodwell, H.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page191">191</a></span> &amp; <span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page264">264</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Rutland, John, Duke of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page177">177</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Ryland, W. W.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page171">171</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Skelton, William</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page264">264</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Soyer, Mons.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page142">142</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p><a name="pagevii"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+vii</span>Stirling, E.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page107">107</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Telfair, Cortez and James</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page146">146</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Thornton, Henry</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page137">137</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Thornton, James</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page257">257</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Trevor, Sir John</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page200">200</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Trotter, Thomas</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page177">177</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Troubridge, Sir T.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page229">229</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Tytler, P. F.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page97">97</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Underwood, Dr. M.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page177">177</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Vandervelde, Cornelius</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page80">80</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Villiers, Hon. George</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page109">109</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Wakefield, Edward</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page215">215</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Walcot, Rev. M.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page100">100</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Walpole, Robert</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page81">81</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Ward, Seth</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page211">211</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Warner, Captain</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page253">253</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Wellesley, Marquis of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page170">170</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Wellington, Anecdote of Duke of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page187">187</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Wilberforce, William</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page137">137</a></span> &amp; <span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page241">241</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Wilkes, John</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page136">136</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Wilkie, Note on</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page258">258</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Wright, Dr. Richard</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page215">215</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Yarmouth, Countess of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page215">215</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<h2>PLACES.</h2>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Albert Gate</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page100">100</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>All Saints&rsquo; Church</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page98">98</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Avery Farm Row</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page252">252</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Baber&rsquo;s Floor-cloth Factory</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page106">106</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Belgravia</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page216">216</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Belgrave Chapel</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page237">237</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Belgrave Square</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page224">224</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Belgrave Street, Upper</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page242">242</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Blomfield Terrace</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page253">253</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Bridge, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page20">20</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Brompton Park Nursery</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page132">132</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Brompton Road</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page103">103</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Cake House, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page121">121</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Cannon Brewhouse, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page113">113</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Cavalry Barracks</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page118">118</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Chapel Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page226">226</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Chatham House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page103">103</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Chelsea Bun House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page259">259</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Chesham Place and Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page228">228</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Chester Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page228">228</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>College of St. Barnabas</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page250">250</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Commercial Road, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page253">253</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Compasses, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page263">263</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Downing&rsquo;s Floor-cloth Factory</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page158">158</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Dwarf, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page264">264</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Eaton Place</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page228">228</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Eaton Place West</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page229">229</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Eaton Square</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page230">230</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Eden Lodge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page135">135</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Ennismore Place and Terrace</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page103">103</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Feathers, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page235">235</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Five Fields, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page219">219</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p><a name="pageviii"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+viii</span>Fort at Hyde Park Corner</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page127">127</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Fox and Bull, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page111">111</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Gore House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page136">136</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Graham Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page257">257</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Grosvenor Canal</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page249">249</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Grosvenor Crescent</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page231">231</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Grosvenor House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page146">146</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Grosvenor Place</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page218">218</a></span>, <span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page232">232</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Grosvenor Row</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page257">257</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Grove House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page143">143</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Half-Way House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page179">179</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Halkin Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page237">237</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Halkin Street West</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page237">237</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Hamilton Lodge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page136">136</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>High Road</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page103">103</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>High Row</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page111">111</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Hospital for Soldiers</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page235">235</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Hospital, the Lock</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page238">238</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Hyde Park</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page118">118</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Hyde Park Corner</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page125">125</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Infantry Barracks</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page187">187</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Jenny&rsquo;s Whim</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page253">253</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Jenny&rsquo;s Whim Bridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page253">253</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Kensington Gore</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page131">131</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Kent House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page109">109</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Kingston House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page164">164</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Kinnerton Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page144">144</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Knightsbridge Green</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page144">144</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Knightsbridge Grove</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page156">156</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Knightsbridge Schools</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page91">91</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Knightsbridge Terrace</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page146">146</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lanesborough House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page180">180</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lazar House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page52">52</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lock Chapel</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page241">241</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lock Hospital</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page238">238</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lowndes Square</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page149">149</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lowndes Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page242">242</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lowndes Terrace</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page155">155</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Marble Arch, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page123">123</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Mercer Lodge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page135">135</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Mills&rsquo; Buildings</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page117">117</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Montpelier Square</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page159">159</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>New Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page159">159</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Osnaburg Row</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page242">242</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Park House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page134">134</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Park Side</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page160">160</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Prince&rsquo;s Gate</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page163">163</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Queen&rsquo;s Buildings</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page170">170</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Queen&rsquo;s Head, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page163">163</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Queen&rsquo;s Row</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page171">171</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Ranelagh Grove</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page263">263</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Ranelagh Terrace</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page263">263</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Receiving House, Royal Humane Society</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page121">121</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Ring in Hyde Park, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page122">122</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Rising Sun, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page106">106</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Rose and Crown, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page104">104</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Rotten Row</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page125">125</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Rutland Gate</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page178">178</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Rutland House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page177">177</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>St. Barnabas College</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page250">250</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>St. George&rsquo;s Hospital</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page180">180</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>St. George&rsquo;s Place</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page185">185</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>St. Paul&rsquo;s Church</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page92">92</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>&bdquo; &bdquo; Appendix</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page280">280</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>St. Paul&rsquo;s Schools, Append.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page281">281</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p><a name="pageix"></a><span class="pagenum">p. ix</span>St.
+Peter&rsquo;s Church</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page231">231</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Serpentine, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page120">120</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>South Place</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page106">106</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Spring Gardens</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page149">149</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Star and Garter, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page264">264</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Statue of Achilles, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page124">124</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Stratheden House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page110">110</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Stromboli House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page263">263</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Swan, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page176">176</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Tattersall&rsquo;s</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page197">197</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Trevor Chapel</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page200">200</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Trevor Square</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page199">199</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Trevor Terrace</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page106">106</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Trinity Chapel</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page51">51</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Trinity Chapel (Appendix)</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page279">279</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Upper Belgrave Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page242">242</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Upper Ebury Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page264">264</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Westbourne, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page21">21</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Westbourne Place</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page265">265</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Westbourne Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page266">266</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>White Hart, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page163">163</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>White House, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page250">250</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>William Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page205">205</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Wilton Crescent</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page206">206</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Wilton Place</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page206">206</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Wilton Street</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page243">243</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>York Hospital, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page266">266</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<h2>MISCELLANEOUS.</h2>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span
+class="GutSmall">PAGE</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Act for Building Albert Gate (Appendix)</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page277">277</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Address to Liston by Rodwell</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page191">191</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Anecdote connected with the Duke of Wellington</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page187">187</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Assassination, Intended, of William III.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page36">36</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Bad State of the Roads</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page24">24</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Boscobel Oak, Trees from</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page130">130</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Cattle ordered to be Slaughtered at Knightsbridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page33">33</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Churchwardens of St. Paul&rsquo;s</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page97">97</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Club at the Fox and Bull</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page112">112</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Cromwell Tradition, The (Appendix)</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page275">275</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Cross-road Burial, The last</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page237">237</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Dangers of the Five Fields</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page220">220</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Derivation of Name</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page2">2</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Description of Communion-plate at Chapel</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page62">62</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p><a name="pagex"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+x</span>Discovery of Curious Relics</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page34">34</a></span> and <span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page153">153</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Discovery of Human Remains at Fox and Bull</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page113">113</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Duel between Hamilton and Mohun</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page122">122</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Enlargement of the Chapel</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page61">61</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Establishments similar to Lazar House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page58">58</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Extracts from the Chapel Accounts</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page85">85</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Extracts, Curious, from Chapel Baptismal Registrars</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page70">70</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Extracts, Curious, from Chapel Marriage Registrars</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page69">69</a></span> and <span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page73">73</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Geology of Knightsbridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page269">269</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Government of Knightsbridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page271">271</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Grant to Lazar House by James I.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page52">52</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Historical Anecdotes of Hyde Park Corner</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page126">126</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Impromptu on Gore House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page138">138</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Innkeepers of Knightsbridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page27">27</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Knightsbridge Volunteers</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page37">37</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Knightsbridge a Family Name (Appendix)</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page275">275</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Letter to Liston by Mathews, and reply</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page193">193</a></span> and <span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page194">194</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Letter to Earl Bathurst by Sheriff Waithman</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page41">41</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Local Family Names</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page90">90</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Manor and Parochial Divisions</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page4">4</a></span> and <span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page48">48</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Marriage Statistics of Knightsbridge Chapel</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page90">90</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Ministers of Knightsbridge Chapel</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page63">63</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Olden Time, The</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page23">23</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Parochial Divisions</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page49">49</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Patients discharged from Lazar House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page56">56</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Perambulation Festivities</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page50">50</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Pimlico, Origin of Name of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page245">245</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Population of Knightsbridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page268">268</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Reminiscence of the Compiler (Note)</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page104">104</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p class="gutindent">Ditto of Shelley&rsquo;s first Wife</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page112">112</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Reputation of the Chapel for Suspicious Marriages</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page68">68</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Restoration of Knightsbridge Chapel</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page58">58</a></span> and <span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page61">61</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Reviews in Hyde Park</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page119">119</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p><a name="pagexi"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+xi</span>Riots at Knightsbridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page40">40</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Salubrity of Knightsbridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page269">269</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>State Visits to French Embassy</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page102">102</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Tradition of C&aelig;sar Crossing the Thames</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page250">250</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Trees from the Boscobel Oak</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page130">130</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Water Supply</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page30">30</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Wyatt&rsquo;s Insurrection Quelled</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page33">33</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>William III., Intended Assassination of</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page36">36</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<h2>ILLUSTRATIONS.</h2>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span
+class="GutSmall">PAGE</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Knightsbridge, the Site of Albert Gate</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><i>Frontispiece</i></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>The Westbourne, from the Park</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page22">22</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Colours of the Knightsbridge Volunteers</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page39">39</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Trinity Chapel</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page62">62</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>St. Paul&rsquo;s Church</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page94">94</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>The Westbourne, looking north from Knightsbridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page101">101</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>The Cake House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page122">122</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Fort at Hyde Park Corner</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page128">128</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Oak planted by Charles II.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page130">130</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Hyde Park Corner, 1824</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page131">131</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Queen&rsquo;s Buildings</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page172">172</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Half-Way House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page179">179</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lanesborough House</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page181">181</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>The Lock Hospital</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page238">238</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Lock Chapel</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page241">241</a></span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<h2><a name="pagexii"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+xii</span>ERRATUM</h2>
+<p>Page <span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page235">235</a></span>, line 19, for &ldquo;Grosvenor
+Row&rdquo; read &ldquo;Grosvenor Place.&rdquo; <a
+name="citation0"></a><a href="#footnote0"
+class="citation">[0]</a></p>
+<h2><a name="page1"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 1</span>CHAPTER
+I.</h2>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Instructed by the Antiquary Times,<br />
+We are, we must, we cannot but be wise.&rdquo;</p>
+<p style="text-align: right"><span
+class="smcap">Shakspeare</span>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><span class="smcap">Knightsbridge</span> and Pimlico form the
+only suburbs west of the metropolis, whose history remains
+unwritten.&nbsp; This neglect, perhaps, is owing to the fact that
+neither place, till of late, assumed sufficient importance to
+attract the topographical writer; nevertheless, I trust the
+following pages will show that Knightsbridge is far from
+destitute of associations deserving to be recovered and saved
+from the ravages of time.</p>
+<p>The derivation of its name is somewhat obscure: the earliest
+mention of the place I am acquainted with occurs in a charter of
+<a name="page2"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 2</span>Edward the
+Confessor, in which it is called <span
+class="smcap">Kyngesbyrig</span>; in one of Abbot Herbert of
+Westminster, nearly a century later, it is spelt <span
+class="smcap">Knyghtsbrigg</span>.&nbsp; It is similarly written
+in the thirty-fifth year of the reign of Edward III.&nbsp; The
+difficulty lies in the transposition from
+&ldquo;Kyngesbyrig&rdquo; to &ldquo;Knyghtsbrigg.&rdquo;&nbsp;
+The former sufficiently indicates its origin; and to avoid
+perplexity tradition comes opportunely to our aid, to point out
+the latent allusion in the latter.</p>
+<p>Knightsbridge, of course, must have its legend.&nbsp; No place
+in the kingdom exists but must have some story to tell; and if it
+cannot show a castle built by C&aelig;sar, and battered down by
+Cromwell, recourse must be had elsewhere for such.&nbsp; Well,
+then, our legend tells, that in some ancient time certain knights
+had occasion to go from London to wage war for some holy purpose:
+light in heart, if heavy in arms, they passed through
+Knightsbridge on their way to receive the blessing awarded to the
+faithful by the Bishop at Fulham.&nbsp; From some cause, however,
+a quarrel ensued between two of the band, and a combat was
+determined on to decide the dispute.&nbsp; They fought on the <a
+name="page3"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 3</span>bridge which
+spanned the stream, while from its banks the struggle was watched
+by their partisans.&nbsp; Both, the legend tells, fell; and ever
+after the place was called <span
+class="smcap">Knightsbridge</span>, in remembrance of their fatal
+feud.</p>
+<p>If this old story, which I many times have heard related, has
+tempted us into the realms of fancy for awhile, another
+derivation of a totally opposite kind will speedily drive us
+therefrom; according to this, the name comes from the word
+&ldquo;Neat,&rdquo; signifying cattle, and refers to a time when
+beasts for the London citizens were ordered to be slain here.</p>
+<p>And, again, a commentator of Norden, the topographer, gives
+the following anecdote, which it has been thought may account for
+the name:&mdash;&ldquo;Kingesbridge, commonly called Stonebridge,
+near Hyde Park Corner, where I wish no true man to walk too late
+without good guard, as did Sir H. Knyvett, Knight, who valiantly
+defended himself, there being assaulted, and slew the
+master-thief with his own hands.&rdquo; <a
+name="citation3"></a><a href="#footnote3"
+class="citation">[3]</a></p>
+<p>Against these two proposed derivations, however, it must be
+answered that the place was <a name="page4"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 4</span>called &ldquo;<span
+class="smcap">Knyghtsbrigg</span>&rdquo; in Herbert&rsquo;s
+charter long before the time to which either of these
+circumstances apply.&nbsp; Edward the Confessor owned lands here,
+and probably built a bridge for the convenience of those monks to
+whom he devised a part of them; hence the name <span
+class="smcap">Kingsbridge</span>.&nbsp; Having nothing recorded
+whereby we can account for the change to <span
+class="smcap">Knightsbridge</span>, we can only surmise that it
+was caused by corruption of the name, or that there may be some
+foundation, other than the story of the brave Knyvett, for the
+legend I have related.</p>
+<h3>THE MANOR AND PAROCHIAL DIVISIONS.</h3>
+<p>The land constituting this district appears to have belonged
+originally to King Edward the Confessor.&nbsp; There is, in the
+British Museum, a charter still preserved, a translation of which
+was printed by Mr. Faulkner, in which, giving to the church at
+Westminster the manor of Cealchyth (Chelsea), with various
+emoluments and privileges, the charter
+proceeds&mdash;&ldquo;Besides, together with this manor, every
+third tree, and every horse load of fruits, grown in the
+neighbouring <a name="page5"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+5</span>wood at <span class="smcap">Kyngesbyrig</span>, which, as
+in ancient times, was confirmed by law.&rdquo;&nbsp; This is the
+earliest mention of Knightsbridge recorded; the land referred to
+is now occupied by Lowndes-square and its neighbourhood.</p>
+<p>Knightsbridge is not mentioned in Doomsday Book, neither is
+Westbourn, Hyde, nor Paddington; and it is most likely that the
+returns for these places are given with the surrounding manors of
+Eia, Chelchith, Lilestone, &amp;c.&nbsp; Eia was confirmed to the
+Abbey of Westminster by William the Conqueror, and included the
+land between the Tyburn on the east, the Westbourn on the west,
+the great military road (Oxford-street) on the north, and the
+Thames on the south.&nbsp; Yet, although given thus early to the
+Abbey, it was not included in the franchise of the city of
+Westminster, notwithstanding Knightsbridge, which chiefly lay
+beyond it, was so included; for, in 1222, a dispute having arisen
+between the Bishop of London and the Abbot of Westminster,
+respecting their ecclesiastical jurisdiction, it was referred to
+Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishops of
+Winchester and Salisbury, and the Priors of Merton and Dunstable;
+and they <a name="page6"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+6</span>decided that the Tyburn stream was the limit of St.
+Margaret&rsquo;s parish westward; adding, however, that,
+&ldquo;beyond these bounds the districts of Knightsbridge,
+Westbourn, Padyngton with its chapel, and their appurtenances,
+belong to the parish of St. Margaret aforesaid.&rdquo;&nbsp; Part
+of Knightsbridge still belongs to St. Margaret&rsquo;s, and it is
+most probable that some great proprietor living in that parish
+owned lands here, and hence, in old assessments, such became to
+be reckoned component parts of the parish.</p>
+<p>In the Confessor&rsquo;s charter the mention of &ldquo;the
+wood at Kyngesbyrig&rdquo; gives, I consider, an index to what
+the state of the place was then.&nbsp; It doubtless formed a
+portion of the great forest which Fitzstephen describes as
+belting the metropolis.&nbsp; It owned no lord, and the few
+inhabitants enjoyed free chase and other rights in it.&nbsp; In
+1218 it was disafforested by order of Henry III., whom we
+afterwards find owned lands here; and in the reign of his son,
+Edward I., Knightsbridge, according to Lysons, is mentioned as a
+manor of the Abbey.</p>
+<p>The monks of Westminster gradually acquired other lands here,
+additional to those granted by the Confessor.&nbsp; At Westbourn
+also <a name="page7"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 7</span>they
+had lands, as the decree of 1222 proves; how possession of them
+was gained is not, however, known.&nbsp; These properties the
+monks erected into a manor, called &ldquo;The Manor of <span
+class="smcap">Knightsbridge</span> and <span
+class="smcap">Westbourn</span>;&rdquo; and by such name it is
+still known.&nbsp; The whole of the isolated part of St.
+Margaret&rsquo;s, including a part of Kensington, its palace and
+gardens, are included in the manor of Knightsbridge.</p>
+<p>That there was a suspicion of the integrity of the
+monks&rsquo; proceedings, however, we have proof in the fact
+that, in the twenty-second year of the reign of Edward I.
+(1294&ndash;5), a writ of <i>Quo Warranto</i> was issued to Abbot
+Walter of Wenlock, to inquire &ldquo;by what authority he claimed
+to hold the Pleas of the Crown, to have free warren, a market, a
+fair, toll, a gallows, the chattels of persons condemned, and of
+runaways, the right of imprisonment,&rdquo; and various other
+similar privileges, as well as &ldquo;the appointment of coroner
+in Eye, Knythbrigg, Chelcheheth, Braynford, Padyngton, Hamstede,
+and Westburn,&rdquo; &amp;c.; to which he answered, that these
+places were &ldquo;members&rdquo; of the town of Westminster, and
+that King Henry III. had granted to God and the church <a
+name="page8"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 8</span>of St. Peter of
+Westminster, and the monks therein, all his tenements, and had
+commanded that they hold them with all their liberties and free
+customs, &amp;c.; and he produced the charter proving the
+same.</p>
+<p>Such was the reply of Abbot Walter of Wenlock, who appears,
+however, to have been by no means over chary of the ways by which
+he could bring wealth to his abbey; for we find that, in the
+twelfth year of Edward II., his successor, Richard de Kedyngton,
+was fined ten pounds because he (Abbot Walter) had appropriated
+lay fees in Knythbrigg, Padyngton, Eye, and Westbourne, without
+licence of the king.&nbsp; We also find that in the same reign
+two inquisitions were held to ascertain what, if any, injury the
+king would sustain if certain properties were allowed the
+Abbey:&mdash;</p>
+<p style="text-align: center"><span class="smcap">Inquisitio ad
+quod damnum</span> 9: <span class="smcap">Edw</span>. II., No.
+105.<br />
+<span class="smcap">Middlesex</span>.</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Inquisition made before the Escheator of
+the Lord the King at the church of St. Mary Atte Stronde, on
+Thursday next, after the Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed
+Mary, in the ninth year of the reign of King Edward, by the Oath
+of Robert de Aldenham, Alexander <a name="page9"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 9</span>de Rogate, Nicholas de Curtlyng, John
+de la Hyde, Walter Fraunceis, William de Padinton, Hugh le
+Arderne, William Est, Arnold le Frutier, Simon le Brewere, Roger
+de Malthous, and Roger le Marshall, junior&mdash;who say, upon
+their oath, that Walter de Wenlock, lately Abbot of Westminster,
+had acquired to himself and his House one messuage with
+appurtenances in Knygthebregge of William le Smyth of
+Knygthebregge, and four acres of land there of William Brisel and
+Asseline his wife, and nine acres of land there of William Hond,
+and twelve acres of land in Padinton of William de Padington, and
+three and a-half acres in Eye of Hugh le Bakere of Eye, and
+thirteen acres of land in Westbourn of John le Taillour, and
+eleven acres of land there of Matilda Arnold, and two acres of
+land there of Juliana Baysebolle, after the publication of the
+statute edited concerning the nonplacing of lands in Mortmain and
+not before.&nbsp; And they say that it is not to the damage nor
+prejudice of the Lord the King, nor of others, if the King grant
+to the Prior and Convent of Westminster, that the Abbots of that
+place, for the time being, may recover and hold the aforesaid <a
+name="page10"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 10</span>messuages and
+land to them and their successors for ever.&nbsp; And they say
+that the aforesaid messuage is held of the said Abbot and Convent
+by service of a yearly rent of sixpence, and of performing suit
+at the Court of the said Abbot and Convent, and of finding one
+man for ten half-days to mow the Lord&rsquo;s meadow, price
+fifteen-pence; and one man for ten half-days to hoe the
+Lord&rsquo;s corn, price tenpence; and of doing seven ploughings,
+price three shillings and sixpence; and of finding one man for
+ten half-days to reap the Lord&rsquo;s corn, price fifteen-pence;
+and of making seven carriages to carry the Lord&rsquo;s hay,
+price three shillings and sixpence; and performing suit at the
+Court of the said Abbot from three weeks to three weeks.&nbsp;
+And they say that the aforesaid fifty-four acres and a-half of
+land are worth by the year, in all issues over and above the
+aforesaid services, nineteen shillings and sixpence.&nbsp; In
+witness of which thing the aforesaid jurors have set their seals
+to this inquisition.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Endorsed twenty shillings and sixpence. <a
+name="citation10"></a><a href="#footnote10"
+class="citation">[10]</a></p>
+<p>This sum due to the king and paid to him, shows that he still
+retained some right or other <a name="page11"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 11</span>over the lands mentioned.&nbsp; But
+this inquest does not seem to have given satisfaction to all, for
+three years after, another was held before the king&rsquo;s
+escheator and a jury, concerning the same lands; the return was,
+however, in the main similar to that of the first inquiry, a fine
+of ten pounds being thereupon paid to the king.</p>
+<p>But as early as the reign of Henry I. some lands at
+Knightsbridge belonging to the Abbey had been aliened from
+it&mdash;one Godwin, a hermit at Kilburn, having given his
+hermitage there to three nuns; Abbot Herbert not only confirmed
+the grant, but augmented it with lands at Cnightebriga, <a
+name="citation11"></a><a href="#footnote11"
+class="citation">[11]</a> and a rent of thirty shillings.&nbsp;
+The charter states the land to be granted with the consent of the
+whole &ldquo;chapter and council,&rdquo; to the holy virgins of
+St. John the Baptist, at Kilburn, for the repose of the soul of
+King Edward, founder of the Abbey, &ldquo;and for the souls of
+all their brethren and benefactors.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The next mention of this place occurs in a record dated 1270
+(54 Henry III.), when an <a name="page12"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 12</span>inquisition was held to ascertain
+whether two acres of land, &amp;c., at &ldquo;<span
+class="smcap">Kingesgor</span> between Knytesbrigg and
+Kensington&rdquo; were of the ancient demesne of the Crown or of
+escheat, its extent, value, &amp;c.&nbsp; The jury returned that
+the land was of the ancient demesne of the Crown, and not of
+escheat, that it contained three acres, of which the Sheriffs of
+Middlesex had received the issues, and was worth by the acre
+twelve-pence per annum, and that such land belonged to the farm
+of the city of London.</p>
+<p>Part of the Hamlet of Knightsbridge was within the manor of
+Eia, the boundaries of which I have described.&nbsp; It included,
+with others, all the lands now forming the parish of St. George,
+Hanover-square, and was given to the Abbey, in 1102, by Geoffry
+de Mandeville, in consideration of the privilege allowed him of
+the burial of his wife Athelais in the cloisters of the
+Abbey.&nbsp; In Doomsday Book it answers for ten hides, but was
+afterwards divided into the three manors of Neyte, Eybury, and
+Hyde.&nbsp; Neyte is mentioned as early as 1342 in a commission
+of sewers, and was near the Thames; Hyde, with lands taken from
+Knightsbridge, afterwards formed Hyde Park.&nbsp; All these <a
+name="page13"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 13</span>manors were
+enjoyed by the Abbey till the Reformation, and at that tremendous
+crisis they reverted to the king.</p>
+<p>In the account rendered to the king by the ministers appointed
+to receive the revenues of the religious houses on their
+dissolution, the value of the manor of Knightsbridge and
+Westbourn is thus given:&mdash;</p>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">&pound;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Knyghtsbrydge et Westborne </p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Firm&rsquo; Terr&rsquo;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">2</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">6</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">8</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Knyghtebrydge, Kensyngton, et Westbourne</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Firm&rsquo;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">5</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">14</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">11</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Pquis Cur</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">6</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">4&frac12;</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<p>In the &ldquo;Monasticon Anglicanum,&rdquo; vol. i., p. 326,
+it is thus entered:&mdash;</p>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">&pound;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Maniu de Knyghtebridge et Westbourne Firm&rsquo;
+Terr&rsquo;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">2</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">6</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">8</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Westborne, Knightsbridge, et Kensington, Man Redd et
+Firm</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">5</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">14<sup>c</sup></p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">11</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p class="gutindent">Pquis Cur</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">6</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">8&frac12;</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<p>Kilburn Priory was returned as of the value of seventy-four
+pounds, seven shillings, and eleven-pence; and by the provisions
+of 27 Henry VIII., chap. 28, all its possessions went to the
+king.&nbsp; By an act passed in the next session (28 Henry VIII.,
+c. 38) its lands were exchanged by the king with Sir William
+Weston, Prior of the Hospital of St. John of <a
+name="page14"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 14</span>Jerusalem,
+for his manor of Paris Garden, Southwark.&nbsp; This act recites
+the indenture relating to this exchange, describing the property
+very fully. <a name="citation14"></a><a href="#footnote14"
+class="citation">[14]</a>&nbsp; After specifying the site of the
+priory, the Act proceeds&mdash;&ldquo;and all other the demayne
+londes of the sayde late Pryory lyeing and beying in Kylborne
+aforesayde, Hamstede, Padyngton, and <i>Westborn</i>, in the
+sayde countie;&rdquo; &ldquo;the hedge rowes rounde aboute
+Gorefeld and Goremede&rdquo; are stated as &ldquo;conteyning, by
+estimacon, xj acres and a half acre, and xx<sup>ti</sup>
+rodes,&rdquo; &amp;c.</p>
+<p>The manors of Eybury, Neyte, and Hyde, were, with other Abbey
+lands, exchanged with the king for the dissolved Priory of
+Hurley, Berkshire, and the exchange was confirmed by Act of
+Parliament 28 Henry VIII., c. 49.</p>
+<p>In the <i>Valor Ecclesiasticus</i>, taken by command of King
+Henry VIII. in 1535, the following entries relating to these
+manors also appear:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Repris ex offic Sacrist dei Monasterii<br
+/>
+&nbsp;&nbsp; Reddit&rsquo; resolut&rsquo; videlt<br />
+Manerio de Eybury p. iij<sup>lz</sup> acr&rsquo; terr in Eyfelde
+per<br />
+
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+annum iiij.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="page15"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+15</span>&ldquo;Repris&rsquo; ex offic Novi opis<br />
+
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+Midd</p>
+<p>Reddit&rsquo; resolut&rsquo; annuat&rsquo; de divs terr et
+tenements predict videlt.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">&pound;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Prioresse de Kilborne exeunt de</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">xvj</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Manerio de Eybery exeunt de</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">xv</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Cust capelle b<sup>~</sup>te Marie monaster predict p divs
+terris apud Knightsbridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">x</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">xj</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Et manerio de Ebery pro manerio de Hide</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>vij</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>&ldquo;Repris ex offic sellarar</p>
+<p>Reddit&rsquo; resolut&rsquo; annuat&rsquo; &amp;c.</p>
+<p>Dict manerij de Eybury pro terr voc Marketmede</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">xiii</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">iiij</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<p>Notwithstanding the Reformation, Knightsbridge was still
+reserved to the Abbey, and in the hands of its deans and chapters
+it has ever since remained, excepting during the alienation of
+church lands in the seventeenth century, when it became the
+property of Sir George Stonehouse.&nbsp; The lands at the Gore,
+and near to it, passed into various lay hands, and will be
+hereafter more fully noticed.</p>
+<p>The manor of Eybury also passed into lay hands.&nbsp; In the
+Act 28, Henry VIII. c. 49, it is stated as lately in the
+occupation of Richard Whashe; and a person of that name rented
+the more considerable part of it known as Ebury <a
+name="page16"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 16</span>Farm in 1592,
+direct from Queen Elizabeth.&nbsp; Other portions of the manor
+were similarly rented by persons who underlet the land again,
+thereby occasioning great wrong to the inhabitants at
+large&mdash;for notwithstanding the great length of time these
+lands had been in priestly possession, the people, in some
+measure, appear to have maintained a claim over them, and
+considerable portions were always laid open for use in common at
+Lammas-tide (Aug. 1).&nbsp; This ancient right these lessees
+under the Queen appear to have been determined to resist, and
+enclosed the fields with gates and hedges, on which the
+inhabitants appealed, in 1592, to Lord Burleigh, High Steward of
+Westminster, for his interference in their behalf.&nbsp; He
+ordered Mr. Tenche, his under-steward, to empanel an inquest; and
+the decision of the jury being favourable to the petitioners,
+they, thinking they should have Lord Burleigh&rsquo;s
+countenance, proceeded on Lammas-day to assert their
+rights.&nbsp; The gates were pulled down, and the fences cut
+away, on which the tenants appealed on their part to Burleigh,
+who, again referring the matter to Mr. Tenche, that functionary,
+after inquiry, replied, that &ldquo;certain of the parishioners
+of <a name="page17"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 17</span>St.
+Martin&rsquo;s and St. Margaret&rsquo;s assembled
+together,&rdquo; and made an entry into their &ldquo;ancient
+commons&rdquo; by making &ldquo;a small breach in every
+enclosure;&rdquo; that some of those assembled &ldquo;were of the
+best and ancientest of the parishes; that they carried no weapon,
+and had only four or five shovels and pickaxes, and had divers
+constables with them to keep her Majesty&rsquo;s peace;&rdquo;
+and that &ldquo;having thus laid open such grounds as they
+challenged to be their commons, they quietly retired to their
+houses, without any further hurt-doing.&rdquo;&nbsp; One Peter
+Dod, in his evidence before the inquest, said &ldquo;they told
+him they would break open to Knight&rsquo;s Bridge and
+Chelsey;&rdquo; and R. Wood, a constable, testified to the
+breaking of the enclosure at &ldquo;Aubery Farm towards
+Chelsey,&rdquo; whence they crossed to &ldquo;Crowfield,&rdquo;
+at the upper end of Hyde-park.</p>
+<p>Her Majesty&rsquo;s &ldquo;poor tenants and farmours&rdquo;
+petitioned Lord Burleigh to commit some of the parishioners to
+the Star Chamber, and to stop further proceedings until the case
+could be heard in the Court of Exchequer.&nbsp; The inhabitants
+rejoined, stating &ldquo;that Ebury Farm, containing 430 acres,
+meadow and pasture, which was <a name="page18"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 18</span>holden of her Majesty by lease, was
+granted to one Whashe, who paid &pound;21 per annum.&nbsp; And
+the same was let to divers persons, who for their private
+commodity did inclose the same, and had made pastures of arable
+land; thereby not only annoying her Majesty in her walks and
+passages, but to the <i>hindrance of her game</i>, and great
+injury to the common, which at Lammas was wont to be laid open,
+for the most part, as by ancient precedents thereof made, do more
+particularly appear.&rdquo;&nbsp; They then state this system of
+inclosure had prevailed for about twenty years; that in the
+Neate, there were 108 acres belonging to her Majesty similarly
+enclosed, although they should also be common at Lammas.&nbsp;
+Strype, from whom this account is derived, does not state how the
+contest terminated; but certain it is that for very many years
+the owners of some of these lands paid money to the parish
+officers of St. Martin&rsquo;s, in lieu of this claim; but I
+cannot find that this right of the poor has at all for many years
+been inquired into.&nbsp; Parochial officers have, in many
+instances, sadly neglected their duty; and this is not one of the
+lightest accusations against them.</p>
+<p>The manor of Ebury afterwards became the <a
+name="page19"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 19</span>property of a
+family named Davis, who owned it for a lengthened period.&nbsp;
+The last male of this family, Alexander Davis, died July 2nd,
+1665; by his wife, Mary, daughter of Richard Dukeson, D.D., and
+who survived till July 11th, 1717, <a name="citation19"></a><a
+href="#footnote19" class="citation">[19]</a> he had one daughter,
+Mary, who was married at St. Clement&rsquo;s Danes, October 10th,
+1676, to Sir Thomas Grosvenor.&nbsp; This manor devolved upon
+her; and on her death, January 12th, 1730, came to be the
+freehold property of her husband, whose descendant has been
+ennobled by the title of Marquis of Westminster, and is the
+present Lord of the Manor of Ebury.</p>
+<p>We will now revert to Knightsbridge proper again.&nbsp; It
+anciently occupied a great deal more land than its present
+appearance indicates.&nbsp; In the reign of Elizabeth certain
+lands appertaining to the park were within it.&nbsp; An indenture
+to that effect, dated July 6th, in the eleventh year of the
+Queen&rsquo;s reign, between the Marquis of Winchester, Lord High
+Treasurer, and Sir Walter Mildmay, Chancellor of the Exchequer,
+<a name="page20"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 20</span>on behalf
+of the Queen, and Francis Nevyll, one of the keepers of
+Hyde-park, on his own behalf, was agreed to for the better
+preservation of the game; and it was ordered that
+&ldquo;our&rdquo; land, called Knightsbridge land, containing, by
+estimation, about forty acres, should, at the costs of her
+Majesty, be &ldquo;rayled&rdquo; in, to hinder all manner of
+horses and cattle (except her Majesty&rsquo;s &ldquo;dere&rdquo;)
+entering the said enclosed land.&nbsp; The said Francis Nevyll
+then covenants that while he is keeper he will keep the gates
+thereof locked, and will not suffer any horses or cattle to be
+put therein.&nbsp; He also agrees to make and sell in stacks, or
+carry into her Majesty&rsquo;s hay-barn, all the hay which may be
+made within the said &ldquo;rayled&rdquo; lands, and deliver the
+same to &ldquo;her Grace&rsquo;s dere&rdquo; in winter, and shall
+not in the wintry half-year put to pasture within the said
+&ldquo;rayled&rdquo; land above the number of ten kine or
+bullocks, or in lieu of every two kine or bullocks, one horse or
+gelding.&nbsp; Another plot of ground, belonging to the
+Lazar-house, was also enclosed within Hyde-park; but of its
+extent, or why the institution should have been deprived of it, I
+have not been able to ascertain.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">The Bridge</span>.&mdash;The bridge,
+whence the place <a name="page21"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+21</span>derives its name, we are informed by Strype, was a stone
+bridge, and most probably the one he described was the same as
+remained to our own time.&nbsp; When, or by whom, first erected,
+is not recorded; but it is not improbable that the saintly king
+who first gave the monks possessions here, to render such more
+available, would throw a bridge across the stream.&nbsp; For by
+this road even then was the only way to the metropolis from the
+west, and the stream was both broad and rapid.&nbsp; It was
+situated between the last house of Knightsbridge-terrace (Mr.
+Jeffrey&rsquo;s), and the French Embassy, and a part of it yet
+exists under the road; a portion of it was removed for the
+Albert-gate improvements.&nbsp; In the churchwardens&rsquo;
+accounts of St. Margaret&rsquo;s, Westminster, are the following
+entries regarding it:&mdash;</p>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1630.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Item, received of John Fennell and Ralph Atkinson,
+collectors of the escheat, for repair of Brentford Bridge and
+Knightsbridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&pound;23</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>6s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>4d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1631.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Item, paid towards the repaire of Brentford Bridge, and of
+Knights-bridge, and for charge of the sute to defend ourselves
+from the same, and other expences touching the same, as by the
+particulars appeareth</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&pound;24</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>7s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>10d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<p><span class="smcap">The Westbourn</span>.&mdash;The Westbourn,
+for such was the ancient name of the rivulet which ran <a
+name="page22"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 22</span>through
+Knightsbridge, was one of the numerous streams which flowed from
+the range of Hampstead and Highgate to the Thames.&nbsp; Its name
+is derived from its being most westerly of those streams in or by
+the metropolis.&nbsp; Rising at West End, Hampstead, and running
+towards Bayswater, it passed through it, behind St. James&rsquo;s
+Church; here it crossed the Uxbridge-road, and entering
+Kensington-gardens, passed through them and Hyde-park, where its
+silver thread ran along the centre of the Serpentine, into which
+it entered, and by the addition of several ponds, it was widened
+in 1731.&nbsp; Leaving the park, it crossed the Great
+Western-road at Albert-gate, thence it passed in an oblique line
+behind the east side of William-street and Lowndes-square, behind
+Lowndes-street and Chesham-street, and bending to the right,
+passed under Grosvenor-bridge, where it divided and emptied
+itself into old Father Thames by two mouths.&nbsp; The eastern
+course was stopped up when the Grosvenor Canal was formed, but
+the mouth may still be distinctly traced at the back of
+Westmoreland-street.&nbsp; The western mouth is the entrance to
+the Ranelagh sewer, to which the stream has <a
+name="page23"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 23</span>for many
+years degenerated.&nbsp; By an under current, formed in 1834, its
+course was diverted at Bayswater, to prevent drainage passing
+into the Serpentine; and when the Five Fields were intended to be
+built on, a new sewer, for which Smeaton had previously made
+surveys, was constructed.&nbsp; The whole of its course is now
+covered in, although part of it was open so late as 1854.</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p22b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"The Westbourne from the park"
+title=
+"The Westbourne from the park"
+src="images/p22s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p>The Westbourn was occasionally a source of annoyance to the
+inhabitants of Knightsbridge.&nbsp; After heavy rains it
+overflowed; on September 1st, 1768, it did so, and caused great
+damage, almost undermining some of the neighbouring houses; and
+in January, 1809, it overflowed again, and covered the
+neighbouring fields so deeply, that they bore the appearance of a
+lake, and passengers were for several days rowed from Chelsea to
+Westminster by Thames boatmen.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">The Olden Time</span>.&mdash;It would
+appear from the warning of the chronicler, &ldquo;not to walk too
+late without good guard,&rdquo; that our locality bore formerly
+rather a bad name.&nbsp; And I fear I must admit that it did so,
+though, perhaps, not more dangerous than any other of the chief
+<a name="page24"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 24</span>highways
+to the metropolis.&nbsp; The Great Western Road ran through the
+hamlet, which bore a good proportion of inns, the proprietors of
+which would appear to have rather connived at the iniquities
+practised, and thus rendered the action of the law more
+difficult.</p>
+<p>In 1380, Richard II., by his letters patent, dated March 2nd,
+granted to John Croucher, of Knightsbridge, towards the repairing
+of the king&rsquo;s highway from London to Brentford, customs of
+the several vendible commodities therein mentioned (those of
+ecclesiastical men, and their proper goods bought for their use,
+excepted), to be taken at Knightsbridge and elsewhere, as he
+shall think expedient, for three years next ensuing.&nbsp; In
+1382 this was renewed, and in 1386 was granted to John Croucher
+and Lawrence Newport. <a name="citation24"></a><a
+href="#footnote24" class="citation">[24]</a>&nbsp; But,
+notwithstanding this early care of the road, it does not appear
+to have been always followed up, for Wyatt&rsquo;s men entered
+London, in 1554, by this road; its state materially aided in
+their discomfiture, and so great was the delay occasioned that
+the Queen&rsquo;s party were able to make every preparation; and
+when ultimately they reached London <a name="page25"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 25</span>their jaded appearance gained them
+the name of &ldquo;draggletails.&rdquo;&nbsp; It would appear
+from the extracts quoted from the St. Margaret&rsquo;s accounts
+that the law was applied to the parish for its neglect in this
+respect, and in 1724 a petition was presented to the House of
+Commons, praying for an Act to remedy the evil.&nbsp; Twelve
+years later, when the Court had resided at Kensington for nearly
+fifty years, we find Lord Hervey writing to his mother that,
+&ldquo;the road between this place (Kensington) and London is
+grown so infamously bad, that we live here in the same solitude
+as we should do if cast on a rock in the middle of the ocean, and
+all the Londoners tell us there is between them and us a great
+impassable gulf of mud.&nbsp; There are two roads through the
+park, but the new one is so convex, and the old one so concave,
+that by this extreme of faults they agree in the common one of
+being, <i>like the high road</i>, <i>impassable</i>.&rdquo; <a
+name="citation25"></a><a href="#footnote25"
+class="citation">[25]</a></p>
+<p>Mud and dust did not, however, form the greatest
+unpleasantnesses of the road.&nbsp; In <a name="page26"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 26</span>the Kensington register of burials
+there is an entry telling of its terrible condition:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>25th November, 1687.&nbsp; Thomas Ridge, of
+Portsmouth, who was killed by thieves, almost at
+Knightsbridge.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>And Lady Cowper, in her diary quoted by Lord Campbell, <a
+name="citation26"></a><a href="#footnote26"
+class="citation">[26]</a> writes, in October, 1715, &ldquo;I was
+at Kensington, where I intended to stay as long as the camp was
+in Hyde-park, <i>the roads being so secure by it</i>, that we
+might come from London at <i>any time of the night without
+danger</i>, which I did very often.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>It is difficult to understand the cool audacity of some of the
+attacks on this road.&nbsp; The <i>Gentleman&rsquo;s
+Magazine</i>, April, 1740, records that &ldquo;the Bristol mail
+from London was robbed a little beyond Knightsbridge by a <i>man
+on foot</i>, who took the Bath and Bristol bags, and, <i>mounting
+the post-boy&rsquo;s horse</i>, rode off toward
+London.&rdquo;&nbsp; On the 1st of July, 1774, William Hawke was
+executed for a highway robbery here, and two men were executed on
+the 30th of the ensuing November for a similar <a
+name="page27"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 27</span>offence. <a
+name="citation27a"></a><a href="#footnote27a"
+class="citation">[27a]</a>&nbsp; Even so late as 1799, it was
+necessary to order a party of light horse to patrol every night
+from Hyde Park Corner to Kensington; <a name="citation27b"></a><a
+href="#footnote27b" class="citation">[27b]</a> and it is within
+the memory of many when pedestrians walked to and from Kensington
+in bands sufficient to ensure mutual protection, starting at
+known intervals, of which a bell gave due warning.</p>
+<p>Respecting the innkeepers, the well-known Sheffield, Duke of
+Buckingham, in his Memoirs, tells the following curious
+story:&mdash;&ldquo;I was informed that the Earl of Rochester,
+the wit, had said something of me which, according to his custom,
+was very malicious; I therefore sent Colonel Aston, a very
+mettled friend of mine, to call him to account for it.&nbsp; He
+denied the words, and, indeed, I was soon convinced he had never
+said them; but the mere report, though I found it to be false,
+obliged me (as I then foolishly thought) to go on with the
+quarrel; and the next day was appointed for <a
+name="page28"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 28</span>us to fight
+on horseback, a way in England a little unusual, but it was his
+part to choose.&nbsp; Accordingly I and my second lay the night
+before at Knightsbridge privately, to avoid the being secured at
+London upon any suspicion; which yet we found ourselves more in
+danger of there, because we had all the appearance of highwaymen,
+that had a mind to be skulking in an old inn for one night; but
+this, I suppose, the people of the house <i>were used to</i>, and
+so <i>took no notice of us</i>, <i>but liked us the
+better</i>.&rdquo;&nbsp; And in the &ldquo;Rehearsal,&rdquo;
+written in ridicule of Dryden, we also have an allusion to the
+innkeepers&rsquo; habits and
+characters:&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Smith</i>: But pray, Mr. Bayes, is
+not this a little difficult, that you were saying e&rsquo;en now,
+to keep an army thus conceal&rsquo;d in
+<i>Knights-Bridge</i>?&mdash;<i>Bayes</i>: In
+<i>Knights-Bridge</i>?&nbsp; Stay.&mdash;<i>Johnson</i>: No, not
+if the <i>inn-keepers be his friends</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Until the age of railways set in, these inns did a brisk trade
+with the numerous travellers from the western parts.&nbsp; One of
+the occurrences of the day was to watch the mails set off for
+their destinations; there were above twenty at one time, besides
+stage-coaches.&nbsp; Now there is but one of the latter kind,
+which still, every <a name="page29"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+29</span>other day, goes to Brighton.&nbsp; Moore mentions in his
+Diary waiting at Knightsbridge for his Bessie, coming to town by
+the Bath coach.&nbsp; All now is altered&mdash;highwaymen,
+patrols, and mails are all gone&mdash;and the road is the best
+entrance into the capital.&nbsp; An Act, passed June 19th, 1829,
+placed the Great Western Road, from Knightsbridge to Brentford
+Bridge, under the charge of the Commissioners of Metropolitan
+Roads.</p>
+<p>It was a long time before our hamlet became part and parcel of
+the metropolis.&nbsp; A letter in my possession, written by an
+intelligent mechanic, fresh from Gloucester, and dated August,
+1783, describes it as &ldquo;quite out of London, for
+which,&rdquo; says he, &ldquo;I like it the better.&rdquo;&nbsp;
+And so it was; the stream then ran open, the streets were unpaved
+and unlighted, and a maypole was still on the village
+green.&nbsp; It is not ten years since the hawthorn hedge has
+entirely disappeared at the Gore, and the blackbird and starling
+might still be heard.&nbsp; We have seen the references to game
+in Elizabeth&rsquo;s time, but few persons imagine, perhaps, that
+within the recollection of some who have not passed long from us,
+snipe and <a name="page30"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+30</span>woodcocks might occasionally be lowered; now, however,
+we are limited to our saucy friend the sparrow, for even the very
+swallows have quitted us.</p>
+<p>Forty years since, there was neither draper&rsquo;s nor
+butcher&rsquo;s shop between Hyde Park Corner and Sloane Street,
+and only one in the whole locality where a newspaper could be
+had, or writing paper purchased.&nbsp; There was no conveyance to
+London but by a kind of stagecoach; the roads were dimly lighted
+by oil, <a name="citation30"></a><a href="#footnote30"
+class="citation">[30]</a> and the modern paving only to be seen
+along Knightsbridge Terrace.</p>
+<p>Till about 1835, a watch-house and pound remained at the east
+end of Middle Row; and the stocks were to be seen at the end of
+Park-side, almost opposite the Conduit, as late as 1805.&nbsp; A
+magistrate sat once a week at the Fox and Bull, and a market was
+held every Thursday.</p>
+<p>The water supply was anciently by means of springs and wells,
+which were very pure, numerous, and valuable.&nbsp; In the
+beginning of the eighteenth century, Park-side was leased from
+the Dean and Chapter of Westminster by <a name="page31"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 31</span>the Birkheads, and the few houses
+then there were supplied by a conduit they were permitted by the
+Crown to use, within Hyde Park.&nbsp; There was a row of conduits
+in the fields each side of Rotten Row, whose waters were received
+by the one at the end of Park-side, known as St. James&rsquo;s,
+or the Receiving Conduit; and which supplied the royal residences
+and the Abbey with water. <a name="citation31"></a><a
+href="#footnote31" class="citation">[31]</a>&nbsp; There were
+several excellent springs also in the hamlet, one of which
+appears to have been public property, from a story told by
+Malcolm, to the effect that in 1727, there being an excessive
+drought, the supply of water was rendered very precarious, and
+disputes arose between the inhabitants of Knightsbridge as to
+whom it belonged.&nbsp; The women appear to have taken an unusual
+share in this quarrel, which was so fiercely carried on, that
+requisition was had to a magistrate to hinder the tongue giving
+way to the hands and nails.&nbsp; The magistrate decided that the
+water belonged to the St. Margaret&rsquo;s part of the
+hamlet.</p>
+<h2><a name="page32"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+32</span>CHAPTER II.<br />
+<span class="GutSmall">HISTORICAL ASSOCIATIONS.</span></h2>
+<blockquote><p>&mdash;&ldquo;Thus I entertain<br />
+The antiquarian humour, and am pleased<br />
+To skim along the surfaces of things,<br />
+Beguiling harmlessly the listless hours.&rdquo;</p>
+<p style="text-align: right"><span
+class="smcap">Wordsworth</span>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><span class="smcap">So</span> small a place as our hamlet
+formerly was, it could not have many historical associations of
+which to boast, and this chapter must, therefore, be brief.&nbsp;
+Too small and unimportant to be the scene of great contests, or
+of political intrigues, few notices of it in connection with
+history occur, but those few are far from being
+uninteresting.</p>
+<p>In the year 1361, a dreadful plague broke out in France, and
+fears were entertained that it might ravage London.&nbsp; To
+prevent this, great precautions were taken, and the King promptly
+issued an order, in which, reciting the evils which were
+occasioned by the offal and refuse being thrown by the city
+butchers <a name="page33"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+33</span>into the Thames, he ordered, on February 25, with the
+consent of Parliament then assembled, that to provide &ldquo;for
+the honesty of the said city, and the safety of the
+people,&rdquo; all &ldquo;bulls, oxen, hogs, and other gross
+creatures,&rdquo; to be slain for the citizens, should be led
+either to Stratford on the one side, or Knightsbridge on the
+other, and be there slain and dressed ready for sale.&nbsp; And
+any butcher offending by killing within these places should be
+imprisoned one year: a piece of legislative wisdom our own times
+should imitate.</p>
+<p>When the Kentish insurrection under Wyatt broke out against
+the marriage of Mary and Philip of Spain, Wyatt having vainly
+endeavoured to enter London by the bridge, was compelled to march
+to Kingston, in order to cross the Thames; arriving at
+Knightsbridge, he there rested his men &ldquo;untyll daye,&rdquo;
+they &ldquo;being very weary with travel of that night and the
+daye before.&rdquo;&nbsp; In London, the quaint old chronicler
+tells us, &ldquo;there was no small adowe,&rdquo; and by nine
+o&rsquo;clock on the morning of February 7, 1556, Wyatt set his
+men in motion, and &ldquo;planting his ordenance upon the hill,
+almost over agaynst the park corner,&rdquo; left it <a
+name="page34"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 34</span>there under a
+guard, and marched towards Charing Cross.&nbsp; The Earl of
+Pembroke, who commanded Mary&rsquo;s troops, hovered about
+&ldquo;untyll all was passed by, saving the tayle,&rdquo; which
+he cut off from the main body.&nbsp; This misfortune ruined
+Wyatt, who soon after was captured, and ultimately executed; his
+head being set up on Hay Hill, not far from the spot where he had
+left his cannon.</p>
+<p>During the contest between Charles I. and his people, many
+skirmishes are traditionally said to have occurred here.&nbsp;
+Although in the numerous works of all kinds I have referred to,
+no mention could be found of such; yet that they did take place,
+many remains of that period, since brought to light,
+testify.&nbsp; Mr. Faulkner records the discovery of a helmet,
+breastplate, and some swords, on the site of Lowndes
+Square.&nbsp; In 1840, many human remains, coins of
+Charles&rsquo; time, some curious horse-shoes, and trappings,
+were dug up when the Albert Gate improvements were made.&nbsp; In
+Grosvenor Place, and various spots in the Five Fields, similar
+remains have also been discovered.</p>
+<p>The infamous Lord Howard of Escrick, on <a
+name="page35"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 35</span>whose
+perjured evidence Algernon Sidney was beheaded, had a house at
+Knightsbridge, and it was the resort of all the desperate and
+unprincipled adventurers <a name="citation35"></a><a
+href="#footnote35" class="citation">[35]</a> who are sure to be
+found attached to the ranks even of the noble and high-minded in
+such contests as were then going on between Charles II. and the
+Whigs.&nbsp; He wrought himself into their consultations, and
+pretended entire devotion to their cause; but it was only to ruin
+their plans and consign the leaders to the scaffold.</p>
+<p>Roger North, in his &ldquo;Examen,&rdquo; states that when the
+Rye House Plot became known, the King commanded Howard&rsquo;s
+apprehension, and accordingly the Serjeant-at-Arms proceeded to
+Knightsbridge, beset his house, and going in to search for him,
+&ldquo;though he found the bed warm where he lay,&rdquo; yet
+could not find him, till at last they discovered him hidden
+behind a chimney, on which &ldquo;he came out in his shirt and
+yielded himself.&rdquo;&nbsp; He saved himself, as is well known,
+by despicably witnessing against others: the ballads and satires
+of the day contain many allusions to him, and his promised <a
+name="page36"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 36</span>deeds, of
+which the following may serve as a specimen:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Was it not a damn&rsquo;d thing,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; That Russell and Hampden,<br />
+Should serve all the projects of hot-headed Tory?<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; But much more untoward<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; To appoint my Lord Howard<br />
+Of his own purse and credit, to raise men and money,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; Who at Knightsbridge did hide<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; Those brisk boys unspy&rsquo;d,<br />
+That at Shaftsbury&rsquo;s whistle were ready to follow,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; But when aid he should bring,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; Like a true Brentford king,<br />
+He was here with a whoop, and there with a hollo.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Lord Howard died in 1683, and was succeeded by his son
+Charles, at whose death, in 1715, the sullied title became
+extinct.</p>
+<p>Our hamlet has one more association with Stuart plots; but
+this time the Stuarts&rsquo; partisans were the plotters.&nbsp;
+In 1694 Sir William Barclay and Sir William Perkins, two staunch
+Jacobites, formed a plot for the assassination of William III.;
+the plan being to waylay the King on his return to Kensington
+from some hunting excursion, and shoot him.&nbsp; The plan
+required a number of conspirators to render it successful, and
+herein lay the monarch&rsquo;s safety.&nbsp; Captain Porter, one
+of the first to join, gave notice to the ministers, and several
+engaged in the crime <a name="page37"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 37</span>were apprehended.&nbsp; Porter, on
+the trial, stated that he had been with two others to survey the
+ground, lying at the Swan at Knightsbridge one night, and there
+talking over their plans.&nbsp; Finally, it was agreed to commit
+the foul deed in a lane near to Turnham Green.&nbsp; Perkins and
+others were found guilty on most clear evidence, and suffered
+death at Tyburn accordingly.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">The Knightsbridge
+Volunteers</span>.&mdash;Notwithstanding the declaration of our
+brave tars on the threatened invasion of our shores, by Napoleon
+in 1803, that he should not come by <i>water</i>, great
+excitement prevailed, and volunteers were enrolled from one end
+of the country to the other, and a deadlier contest never cursed
+the earth than such would have been, had the Emperor dared to put
+his project into execution.&nbsp; Among those earnest men who at
+this crisis rendered genuine service to the country by their
+energies in this particular, was Major Robert Eyre, an officer
+who had seen much and real service in the American War of
+Independence, and elsewhere, but who had now settled down at
+Knightsbridge, where for years he resided, one of the most
+respected of its <a name="page38"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+38</span>inhabitants.&nbsp; He offered to raise a corps in the
+hamlet, although it had already furnished a number of men to the
+regiments of the surrounding locality.&nbsp; His offer was
+accepted in the following terms:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: right">London, August 14th,
+1803.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Sir</span>,&mdash;Lord Hobart has
+acquainted me, that the King has derived great satisfaction from
+the zeal and public spirit which have been manifested by the
+offer lately communicated to me by you, which his Majesty has
+most graciously been pleased to approve and accept.&nbsp; You
+will be pleased to name your officers.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p style="text-align: right">I have the honour to be, Sir,<br />
+Your most obedient servant,<br />
+<span class="smcap">Scott Titchfield</span>.</p>
+<blockquote><p>To Major Robert Eyre.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>The regiment was raised at the Major&rsquo;s expense,
+numbering 146 men, and he brought them to a high state of
+efficiency.&nbsp; Major Eyre presented them with a pair of
+colours, one of which, a blue flag, has on it a painted rebus
+device, of a knight in armour riding over a <a
+name="page39"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 39</span>bridge,
+emblematical of the name of the hamlet. <a
+name="citation39"></a><a href="#footnote39"
+class="citation">[39]</a></p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p39b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"The colours of the Knightsbridge volunteers"
+title=
+"The colours of the Knightsbridge volunteers"
+src="images/p39s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p>On the 26th and 28th October, 1803, King George III. in great
+state and formality reviewed the volunteers of the metropolis in
+Hyde Park.&nbsp; The Knightsbridge regiment appeared on the
+latter day, and the vast body acquitted themselves with great
+satisfaction to the authorities.&nbsp; In the United Service
+Institution Library is preserved a paper confidentially
+communicated to the commander of every regiment, describing the
+position each corps was to take up in case alarm should <a
+name="page40"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 40</span>occur, and
+from it I find that the 1st Battalion of the Queen&rsquo;s Royal
+Volunteer Infantry, Col. Hobart, were to patrol along Grosvenor
+Place and Pimlico, to the Palace, and along Piccadilly, to
+communicate with the 2nd Battalion of the same regiment, and the
+St. Margaret&rsquo;s and St. George&rsquo;s Regiments.&nbsp; This
+2nd Battalion were to patrol Sloane Street, leaving one company
+in Chelsea Waterworks, and to communicate with the Knightsbridge
+corps, who were to remain in reserve at the north end of Sloane
+Street.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Riots at Knightsbridge</span>.&mdash;In
+those good old electioneering times, &ldquo;the days when George
+III. was king,&rdquo; our hamlet was many a time the scene of
+riot.&nbsp; Such scenes, of course, will not be here detailed;
+but two of them were too serious to be passed over entirely,
+viz., on March 28th, 1768, and October 4th, 1803.&nbsp; On the
+former occasion, Wilkes and Cooke were elected for Middlesex; it
+was customary for a London mob to meet the Brentford one in and
+about Knightsbridge; and as Wilkes&rsquo; opponent was riding
+through with a body of his supporters, one of them hoisted a
+flag, on which was inscribed, &ldquo;No Blasphemer,&rdquo; and <a
+name="page41"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 41</span>terrible
+violence instantly ensued.&nbsp; At the latter election, Burdett
+was the popular candidate, and the excitement, which had been
+very great throughout, culminated with the junction of the mobs
+at Knightsbridge, causing much confusion and damage.</p>
+<p>The last riot in Knightsbridge was on the occasion of the
+funeral of Honey and Francis (who were shot in the rioting on the
+occasion of the funeral of Caroline of Brunswick) on August 26th,
+1821.&nbsp; It occasioned a correspondence between the Sheriff
+and the Government; and being fully described therein, I insert
+it here.</p>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: center"><span class="smcap">Mr.
+Sheriff Waithman to Earl Bathurst</span>.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">My Lord</span>,&mdash;I consider it my
+duty to apprise his Majesty&rsquo;s Government, through your
+Lordship, of a violent outrage on the public peace, committed by
+some individuals of the Life Guards, at Knightsbridge, yesterday,
+and of an attempt at assassination upon me personally, while in
+the execution of my duty as Sheriff of Middlesex, as the head of
+the civil power of the county.</p>
+<p>Your Lordship thought proper to direct the <a
+name="page42"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 42</span>Lord Mayor on
+Saturday to take the necessary measures to preserve the peace of
+the city, during the intended funeral of Honey and Francis; and,
+although no such caution was addressed to the Sheriff, as
+conservator of the public peace of the county, I felt it my duty
+to direct the deputy-sheriffs of the city and county to order out
+the constables of the divisions nearest to, and through which the
+funeral was expected to pass; and also to attend in person, with
+proper officers, to prevent or quell any tumult or disorder.</p>
+<p>Conceiving that under the existing irritation of the people,
+and the circumstances for which they had assembled, some insult
+might be offered to the Life Guards in their barracks, I disposed
+of the constables chiefly in that vicinity, and actually ranged a
+body of them in front of the barracks, with instructions to
+apprehend every person who should attempt to commit any outrage
+or disorder.</p>
+<p>The funeral, in consequence of these precautions, passed the
+barracks in an orderly and quiet manner, marked by no other
+peculiar circumstance than that of a brick being thrown from the
+barracks, which fell near my horse, <a name="page43"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 43</span>and wounded, as I am informed, a
+young girl.&nbsp; My admonitions, and the presence of the
+constables, succeeded, however, in repressing the irritation this
+wanton act was calculated to excite.</p>
+<p>When the procession had passed, and while the road continued
+to be crowded with people, the gates of the barracks were thrown
+open, and the avenue filled with soldiers.&nbsp; The people, as
+might have been foreseen, gathered round the spot, and expressed
+their displeasure.</p>
+<p>A tumult seemed inevitable.&nbsp; I requested to speak to the
+officer on duty, but without effect; and, at length, by repeated
+expostulations with the soldiers, I succeeded in prevailing on
+them to retire and close the gates.</p>
+<p>Some time after, upon returning to the same spot, I saw a
+number of soldiers running from the wicker gate, and pursuing the
+people on the causeway.&nbsp; Finding an affray actually
+commenced, I sprung my horse upon the causeway, interposed
+between the parties, and succeeded in separating them.&nbsp;
+While thus engaged, a soldier, with whom I had before been
+expostulating, and who was, therefore, acquainted with <a
+name="page44"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 44</span>my official
+situation, started forward at a man, and knocked him down.&nbsp;
+At the same time, while using my utmost endeavours to prevail on
+the soldiers to retire into the barracks, and the people to
+desist and keep the peace, the bridle of my horse was violently
+seized, on the one side by a young officer in undress, and on the
+other by the soldier whose violence I had just noticed, and who,
+together, endeavoured to throw my horse over the causeway; and I
+only succeeded in extricating myself by striking the soldier with
+my stick, and making my horse plunge.&nbsp; Immediately several
+of the soldiers rushed at me with their swords drawn, and one
+actually loaded his carbine, and directed it towards me, but was,
+I am informed, knocked down by one of the constables.&nbsp;
+Further mischief was prevented by the interposition of some
+military officers of higher authority, and the soldiers at length
+retired into their barracks.</p>
+<p>My Lord, these circumstances require no comment.&nbsp; At a
+critical juncture the soldiers were left to their own exasperated
+feeling, and manifested a lawless spirit.&nbsp; The civil power
+under my direction was fully adequate for the <a
+name="page45"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 45</span>preservation
+of the peace among the people, but not to encounter an armed
+soldiery.&nbsp; I had no communication from his Majesty&rsquo;s
+Government, nor could I obtain an interview with any of the
+officers of the regiment. . . .&nbsp; I feel assured that had I
+not interposed with the civil power and even risked my own life,
+a frightful slaughter must have ensued.&nbsp; Of subordination to
+civil authority the soldiers appeared to be wholly unconscious,
+and that authority, in my person, was repeatedly insulted, and
+grossly outraged.</p>
+<p>It would, my Lord, be as needless as presumptuous in me to
+attempt to instruct your Lordship and his Majesty&rsquo;s
+Government in the nature of the constitutional authority under
+which I attended yesterday, or the right I possessed in my
+official character to have claimed the aid and assistance of
+these very military to suppress tumult, who have, upon this
+occasion, in open defiance of the civil authority, been the
+promoters of it; nor need I add one word in aggravation of the
+enormity of the offences committed: the offenders can some of
+them be identified, and I trust your Lordship will cause
+immediate and effectual means to be adopted <a
+name="page46"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 46</span>to bring them
+to justice, as a salutary example to others.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p style="text-align: right">I have the honour to be, my Lord,
+&amp;c.,<br />
+R. <span class="smcap">Waithman</span>.</p>
+<blockquote><p>Bridge Street, August, 27th, 1821.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>To this letter Earl Bathurst replied as follows:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: right">Whitehall, August 28th,
+1821.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Sir</span>,&mdash;I have to acknowledge
+the receipt of your letter of the 27th inst., relative to a riot
+which took place at Knightsbridge on Sunday last.&nbsp; I had,
+before the receipt of your letter, given directions for an
+inquiry to be made into the circumstances of this transaction, in
+consequence of representations made to me, which, I am bound to
+say, differ in many essential particulars from the statement I
+have received from you.</p>
+<p>I cannot refrain from expressing my regret and surprise, that
+when the civil power under your direction was fully adequate (as
+you state) for the preservation of the peace among the people, a
+mob should have been permitted to remain in a continued state of
+riot, after the soldiers <a name="page47"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 47</span>had been withdrawn within their
+barracks, until the Riot Act was read by Mr. Conant, and the
+rioters dispersed by the peace officers under his immediate
+orders; and I do not understand that in the execution of this
+duty he received any assistance from you.</p>
+<p style="text-align: right">I am, Sir, &amp;c.<br />
+<span class="smcap">Bathurst</span>.</p>
+<p>Mr. Sheriff Waithman.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<h2><a name="page48"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+48</span>CHAPTER III.<br />
+<span class="GutSmall">MODERN PAROCHIAL DIVISIONS: THE STREETS,
+PUBLIC BUILDINGS, ETC.&nbsp; THEIR ASSOCIATIONS, EMINENT
+INHABITANTS, ETC.</span></h2>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;I pray you let us satisfy our eyes<br />
+With the memorials, and the things of fame<br />
+That do renown this city.&rdquo;</p>
+<p style="text-align: right"><span
+class="smcap">Shakspeare</span>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><span class="smcap">The</span> parish church of St. Margaret,
+Westminster, is the mother church of this locality.&nbsp;
+Although the Decree of 1222, before referred to, limited the
+western boundary of that parish to the Tyburn stream, it declared
+that beyond that stream lay the town of Knightsbridge, which
+belonged to it.&nbsp; In what parish the manor of Eia was
+situated is not stated, but it is most likely that the higher
+portion of it was a forest, and the lower, it is certain, was
+partly a marsh, and consequently altogether unnoticed by the
+assessors; for the growth of parishes was very gradual, and their
+proper boundaries for ages undefined.&nbsp; <a
+name="page49"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 49</span>St.
+Martin&rsquo;s-in-the-Fields is mentioned as early as 1225, but
+did not become a regular parish till after 1337, and not
+independent of St. Margaret&rsquo;s till 1535.&nbsp; In St.
+Martin&rsquo;s the whole of the manor of Eia was then included;
+it consequently reached as far as the Westbourne, and included a
+part of Knightsbridge; this arrangement continued till the parish
+of St. George, Hanover Square, in 1724, was formed out of St.
+Martin&rsquo;s, and then this distant part was included, absurdly
+enough, within the new parish.</p>
+<p>On the west of the rivulet, which here divides St.
+George&rsquo;s parish from St. Margaret&rsquo;s and Chelsea, the
+hamlet stands partly in those and partly in Kensington
+parish.&nbsp; St. Margaret&rsquo;s stretches from William Street,
+behind Lowndes Terrace, across the top of Sloane Street, behind
+Brompton Road, continuing the line behind Arthur Street to the
+bottom of Ennismore Mews, where, abutting on the north wall of
+Brompton Churchyard, it strikes off in a north-west direction and
+crosses the Kensington Road just below Hyde Park Terrace, whence
+it runs along the road into the town, and, including a few houses
+on <a name="page50"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 50</span>the
+north side of High Street, it enters the Royal Gardens, including
+a considerable portion thereof, and the whole of the palace,
+within its boundary; it joins Paddington at a point on the
+Uxbridge Road, and thence returns through the Serpentine to
+Knightsbridge.</p>
+<p>The parish officers of St. Margaret alone beat the bounds now,
+and they appear always to have been strict in this duty, which,
+from some entries in their books, one would consider to have been
+a little festive occasionally:&mdash;</p>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1595.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Item, paid for bread, drink, cheese, fish, cream, and
+other victuals, when the worshipfull of the parish, and very many
+others of the poorer sort, went the perambulation to Kensington,
+in this hard and dere time of all things, as may appear by a bill
+of particulars</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">&pound;7</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">10s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1597.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Item, for the charges of diet at Kensington for the
+perambulacion of the parish, being a yere of great scarcity and
+deerness</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">&pound;6</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">8s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">8d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1642.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Item, spent at Knightsbridge, when divers of the burgesses
+and vestriemen of this parish went the perambulation</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">&pound;2</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">19s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">9d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1668.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Item, expended at a perambulation this yeare at
+Knightsbridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">&pound;26</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">13s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">4d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<p>Henry VIII.&rsquo;s corpse passed through Knightsbridge for
+interment at Windsor.&nbsp; <a name="page51"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 51</span>In the St. Margaret&rsquo;s books is
+the following entry:&mdash;</p>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1547.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Paid to the poor men that did bere the copis and other
+necessaries to Knightsbridge, when that King Henry the Eighth was
+brought to his burial to Wynsor, and to the man that did ring the
+bells</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&pound;0</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>3s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>0d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<p>Chelsea parish includes Lowndes Square and the adjoining
+streets, while Kensington includes Queen&rsquo;s Buildings, and a
+few houses in Sloane Street.&nbsp; Thus is Knightsbridge absurdly
+divided, when for generations there has existed within it a place
+of worship which could have been easily rendered the focus of a
+new and independent parish, had its patrons been so minded.&nbsp;
+The opportunity was lost when St. George&rsquo;s was formed, and
+Trinity Chapel, from having been, as it were, the nursing-mother
+around which the village gathered, was permitted to dwindle,
+without a thought for it, into comparative insignificance.&nbsp;
+This ancient religious edifice I will now give an account of.</p>
+<h3>TRINITY CHAPEL</h3>
+<p>Was anciently attached to a Lazar-house or Hospital, with the
+history of which it is most <a name="page52"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 52</span>intimately connected.&nbsp; When or
+by whom founded is not known&mdash;at least, if such is recorded,
+it is not mentioned by any writer on ecclesiastical affairs; but
+as it appears always to have been attached to the Abbey of
+Westminster, we may conclude its foundation was connected with
+that establishment.</p>
+<p>The earliest mention I have met with of the Lazar-house is in
+a grant of James I., preserved in the British Museum, <a
+name="citation52"></a><a href="#footnote52"
+class="citation">[52]</a> as follows:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">1605, <span
+class="smcap">James</span> R.&nbsp; By ye king,</p>
+<p>Trustie and welbeloued wee grete you well.&nbsp; Whereas we
+are given to understand that the sick, lame, and impotent people
+in our hospitall of Knighte-bridge, in our county of Middlesex,
+are greatly distressed for want of wholesome water, both for the
+dressing of their meat, and for making condiment potions for
+their sores, and that in our park called Hyde Park, in our sayd
+county, adjoyning to the sayd hospitall, there is within of 140
+paces of the sayd hospitall a meete spring of good water,
+w<sup>of</sup> by pipe of lead of the charge of five and thirty
+pounds, may safely <a name="page53"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+53</span>be brought to serve the sayde house, for their relief in
+yt behalf, without any inconvenience growing thereby to our said
+parke; in consideration of ye poverty, and for the contynuall use
+and ease of ye sayd impotent and distressed people, wee are
+graciously pleased to bestow uppon them ye sayd sum of
+xxxv<i>l.</i>, lawful money of England, for and towards the
+charge of bringinge the sayde springe water to the sayde house by
+pipe of lead.&nbsp; Wherefore our pleasure is, that you, our
+warden of our Mint, shall appoint workmen, and give order for the
+doing thereof, and defray the charge, not exceeding the sayd sum
+of xxxv<i>l.</i>; ffor the which wee do hereby give you full
+allowance out of those our moneys as remayne in your hande,
+lately coyned in our Tower.&nbsp; And this shall be our
+sufficient warrant unto you, and the duplicate of this published
+by you a sufficient warrant and discharge to ye keeper and
+keepers of ye sayde parke, and to all other persons that may
+consent for the doing hereof.&nbsp; Given under our sign,
+&amp;c., at o<sup>r</sup> Castle of Windsor, the sixth day of
+September, in ye thyrd yere of our raigne of <a
+name="page54"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 54</span>England,
+France, and Ireland, and of Scotland the thirty-eighth.</p>
+<p>To our trusty and welbeloued servant S<sup>r</sup> Thomas
+Knyvett, Knight, warden of our mynt.&nbsp; C. C. <span
+class="smcap">Inwood</span>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>But, although this is the earliest document concerning the
+Lazar-house I have seen, there exist earlier, to which the public
+have not access.&nbsp; Lysons says there is, among the records of
+the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, a statement of its condition
+in 1595, drawn up by John Glassington, Governor of the House, by
+profession a surgeon, and whose family rented the hospital,
+&amp;c., from the Church of Westminster (at the rent of 4s. per
+annum) for many years.&nbsp; In this document he states that
+there were no lands belonging to this hospital, nor a groat of
+endowment; that there had been a certain piece, which was then
+enclosed within Hyde Park, to the great detriment of the
+charity.&nbsp; He also states that when he became governor, the
+building was ready to fall; that he had expended above &pound;100
+on it; that there were commonly thirty-six or thirty-seven <a
+name="page55"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 55</span>persons in
+the house, who were supported by voluntary contributions; that
+the charge of the previous year, in provisions only, and
+exclusive of candles, linen, woollen, salves, medicines, burials,
+&amp;c., had been &pound;161 19s. 4d.&nbsp; He adds a list of
+fifty-five persons whom he had cured, some of whom had been
+dismissed as incurable from other hospitals.&nbsp; An account of
+the regulations of the house is subjoined by him, by which it
+appears that the patients attended prayers every morning and
+evening, and that on Sundays there was morning and evening
+service for the neighbours; that those who were able were obliged
+to work; that they dined every day on &ldquo;warm meat and
+porrege,&rdquo; and that every man had his own &ldquo;dish,
+platter, and tankard, to kepe the broken from the whole.&rdquo;
+<a name="citation55"></a><a href="#footnote55"
+class="citation">[55]</a></p>
+<p>In the parish accounts of St. Margaret&rsquo;s are several
+entries relating to this hospital:</p>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1634.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Item, for a pair of sheetes for Jane Clare, when wee sent
+her to the Spittle at Knightsbridge</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>3s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>6d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1638.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Item, to Mr. Winter, keeper of the hospitall at
+Knightsbridge, for the keeping of the Three Innocents for one
+month</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>16s.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1639.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Item, to Mr. Thomas Neale, for three paire of shoes, <a
+name="page56"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 56</span>two paire for
+the poore Innocents at the Spittle at Knightsbridge, &amp;c.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>6s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>6d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1646.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Disbursements for the poore Innocents in the Spittle, or
+Lazar-house, at Knightsbridge; sum total,</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>&pound;4</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>2s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>11d. <a name="citation56"></a><a href="#footnote56"
+class="citation">[56]</a></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<p>There are no books or accounts of the Lazar-house existing at
+the Chapel now, neither have I been able to ascertain whether
+they exist elsewhere, or even at all.&nbsp; But in one of the
+register books still preserved is a list of persons discharged
+from it; the date of the year is not given, but I have reason to
+think it about 1676.&nbsp; There are twenty-seven entries, of
+which the following may serve as samples:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>March 5&mdash;Priscilla Knight to London,
+criple.</p>
+<p>,, 6&mdash;Mary ffranklin to Berkshire.</p>
+<p>,, 9&mdash;John Wordner, his wife, to children, to Bristow,
+criple.</p>
+<p>,, 10&mdash;Nicholas fflood, his wife, 4 children, to Wales,
+criple.</p>
+<p>,, 18&mdash;Robert Dicerson, his wife, 2 children, to
+Gloster.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>These unfortunate creatures most probably begged their way up
+from the country, and, while inmates here, owed their subsistence
+to charitable contributions, and, when cured, had to beg their
+way home again.&nbsp; There was also <a name="page57"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 57</span>the following entry in another book,
+date about 1695:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Thomas Pirkin, a soldier under Captain John
+Callipfield, in Brigadier Solwin&rsquo;s regiment, died in
+Hospital in August last past.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Like its origin, its end is obscure: I cannot trace when, or
+from what causes, its useful and Christian career was
+terminated.&nbsp; It was certainly existing when Newcourt was
+collecting materials for his &ldquo;Repertorium,&rdquo; published
+in 1720, and that is the last allusion to it I can find.</p>
+<p>It has always been traditionally related in Knightsbridge,
+that during the fatal year of the plague, 1666, the institution
+was for a while given up to those who had been attacked by that
+scourge; and it is also said that the enclosed plot on the Green
+was the spot where its victims, here and elsewhere in the
+locality, were buried.</p>
+<p>In Butler&rsquo;s &ldquo;Hudibras&rdquo; (III. c. ii. v.
+1110), among other charges Cooper urges against the Presbyterians
+is, that they</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Fill&rsquo;d Bedlam with predestination,<br
+/>
+And Knightsbridge with illumination.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>And the last editor of Gray&rsquo;s &ldquo;Hudibras&rdquo; <a
+name="page58"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 58</span>supposes that
+by the Presbyterian Illuminati here, Butler alluded to the
+unfortunate inmates of this Lazar-house! <a
+name="citation58a"></a><a href="#footnote58a"
+class="citation">[58a]</a></p>
+<p>There were three other similar establishments in the suburbs
+of London&mdash;namely, at Southwark, Kingsland, and
+Mile-end.&nbsp; Great care was taken that those afflicted with
+leprosy, or other such disorder, should be immediately conveyed
+to one of these places.&nbsp; The law was strictly carried out,
+and where resistance was made, the sufferers were tied to horses,
+and dragged thither. <a name="citation58b"></a><a
+href="#footnote58b" class="citation">[58b]</a></p>
+<p>That the chapel attached to this hospital was of ancient
+foundation, we may justly infer from its being described as
+&ldquo;very old and ruinous, and ready to fall,&rdquo; as far
+back as 1629.&nbsp; In that year, for that cause, the inhabitants
+petitioned Laud, who then filled the see of London, for leave to
+rebuild it at their own cost, it being the place to which they
+usually resorted &ldquo;to perform their religious duties and
+devotions.&rdquo;&nbsp; The Bishop, by his licence, dated <a
+name="page59"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 59</span>July 7th,
+1629, gave them permission so to do (the consent of the vicar and
+churchwardens of St. Martin&rsquo;s being first obtained),
+&ldquo;therein to frequent Divine Service and sermons, which
+Divine offices were to be performed by a sufficient minister,
+lawfully licensed from time to time,&rdquo; by the Bishops of
+London, or their Chancellors for the time being; &ldquo;provided
+that the said inhabitants, or their families, did once every
+quarter of a year repair to their respective parish churches to
+perform their devotions, and every Easter receive the Holy
+Communion there, and pay all rights, duties, and profits to their
+respective ministers to which they did belong,&rdquo; and this
+licence was to continue in force during the pleasure of the
+Bishops of London.</p>
+<p>The Chapel was accordingly rebuilt, and &ldquo;consecrated to
+the use of the poor of the Hospital,&rdquo; who &ldquo;having no
+maintenance but what they received of alms,&rdquo; and not being
+&ldquo;able to maintain a curate, repair the Chapel, or relieve
+themselves,&rdquo; it was, on October 3rd, 1634, according to an
+arrangement made by the Master of the Hospital, the curate, and
+some of the principal inhabitants of Knightsbridge, <a
+name="page60"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 60</span>ordered by
+Dr. Duck, then Chancellor of London, that they, or the major part
+of them, should let certain pews and seats in such manner as
+should best effect these objects; that they should keep a
+register of their accounts, which were to be adjusted every six
+months, reserving to the incumbents of St. Margaret&rsquo;s and
+St. Martin&rsquo;s their respective rights and emoluments.&nbsp;
+Dr. Duck presented one piece of the plate used in the celebration
+of the Communion.</p>
+<p>In 1650 the Parliamentary Commissioners appointed to inquire
+into the state of ecclesiastical benefices, reported that
+Knightsbridge Chapel, in the parish of St. Martin-in-the-Fields,
+belonged to a Lazar-house there; that twenty years before the
+date of inquiry it was re-edified and enlarged by public
+contributions; and that Henry Walker, the minister, placed there
+on probation by order of Parliament, received &pound;10 per annum
+from the inhabitants.&nbsp; The Commissioners afterwards allowed
+him &pound;40 per annum. <a name="citation60"></a><a
+href="#footnote60" class="citation">[60]</a></p>
+<p>Among the records of the Dean and Chapter <a
+name="page61"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 61</span>is a petition
+from John Glassington, surgeon, dated 1654, praying to be
+admitted Governor of the Hospital, which his ancestors had always
+rented of the church at Westminster; which petition is
+accompanied by a certificate of Sir John Thorowgood, one of the
+Commissioners for Middlesex, and an active public officer in this
+locality at the time of the Commonwealth; but I infer the
+application was unsuccessful for a time, for in the next year
+Henry Walker was presented to the curacy by Cornelius Holland and
+George Reeve, <i>joint-governors</i> of the Chapel.&nbsp; John
+Glassington was, however, Governor in 1659.</p>
+<p>In 1699, Nicholas Birkhead, who was then lessee of the Chapel,
+rebuilt it, and the present building is mainly his work.&nbsp; In
+1789, it was enlarged by its front being brought in a line with
+the adjoining houses, a grass-plot eight feet deep having
+previously occupied this space.&nbsp; The present front,
+galleries, &amp;c., were then erected.&nbsp; At the end of the
+last century Dixon Gamble, Esq., became lessee, but now it is
+held direct from the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, who
+nominate the incumbent.&nbsp; There is an endowment of &pound;30
+per annum payable by <a name="page62"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 62</span>them, but the income is derived
+chiefly from the pew rents.</p>
+<p>The Chapel is as plain an edifice as possibly can be; there is
+no ornament of any kind about it.&nbsp; It is built of brick, and
+is 53 feet long, by 30 feet broad.&nbsp; The gallery is round
+three sides of the building; the organ, built by Hancock, 1770,
+being on the south side.&nbsp; The communion-table is at the
+<i>north</i> end.&nbsp; The front terminates in a pediment, over
+which is a small cupola containing one bell, thus
+inscribed&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">&ldquo;<span
+class="smcap">Mrs. Mary Birkhed gaue me</span>, 1733.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>In the brickwork are let in three stone slabs, the centre of
+which is inscribed &ldquo;Knightsbridge Chapel, 1789;&rdquo; that
+on the right is inscribed, &ldquo;Rebuilte by Nicho Birkhead,
+Gouldsmith of London, Anno Dom. 1699;&rdquo; the left or western
+one has the following emphatic dedication cut in it, <a
+name="citation62"></a><a href="#footnote62"
+class="citation">[62]</a> &ldquo;Capella sanct&aelig; Indiuidux
+Trinitatis.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>The Communion Plate consists of five pieces, all of silver;
+they are inscribed as follows:&mdash;</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">The Large
+Chalice</span>.&mdash;Sanct&aelig; et Indiuid&aelig;
+Trinitati&mdash;Rest to the Lord:&mdash;Mary Birkhead (about
+1708.)</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">The Paten</span>.&mdash;Sanct&aelig; et
+Indiuid&aelig; Trinitati.&mdash;<a name="page63"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 63</span>The Guift of Arthure Duck, Docter of
+the Ciuell Lawe and Chancelor of London (1628 or 1629).</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">The Small
+Chalice</span>.&mdash;Sanct&aelig; et Indiuid&aelig;
+Trinitati.&mdash;The Gift of the Right Hon<sup>bl</sup>. and
+Right Reverent Willm. Lord Bishop of London. <a
+name="citation63a"></a><a href="#footnote63a"
+class="citation">[63a]</a></p>
+<p><span class="smcap">The Plate</span>.&mdash;The Gift of
+Elizebeth Knightly to Knights-Bridg Church, Oct. 18th, 1705. <a
+name="citation63b"></a><a href="#footnote63b"
+class="citation">[63b]</a>&nbsp; There is a coat of arms engraved
+on the edge of this piece, doubtless that of the donor.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">The Flagon</span> is modern, being the
+gift of the Rev. J. Foyster (about 1825).</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p63b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"Old Chapel, Knightsbridge"
+title=
+"Old Chapel, Knightsbridge"
+src="images/p63s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p>The list of its ministers is, as far as I have been able to
+trace them, as follows:&mdash;</p>
+<p>1630.&nbsp; Nathaniel White, licensed May 24th.</p>
+<p>1637.&nbsp; William Pope&mdash;as curate.</p>
+<p>1640.&nbsp; Nehemia Dod&mdash;as curate.</p>
+<p><a name="page64"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 64</span>&mdash;
+Henry Walker on probation till 1655, when he was nominated
+curate.</p>
+<p>1658.&nbsp; Christopher Lee appears to have been minister, but
+various other names also appear in the registers till May
+23rd.</p>
+<p>1660.&nbsp; Thomas Wheatley then signs himself &ldquo;Minister
+of Knightsbridge.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>1661 (Feb.).&nbsp; Henry Tilley.</p>
+<p>1662 (April).&nbsp; Nathaniel Barker.</p>
+<p>1663 (April).&nbsp; &mdash; Herring (whose name occasionally
+appears between 1658&ndash;60.)</p>
+<p>1666.&nbsp; Robert Hodson, till October 20th.</p>
+<p>1667.&nbsp; Francis Hall, licensed October 25th.</p>
+<p>1669.&nbsp; Henry Herbert or Hubert, S.T.P., licensed April
+26th.&nbsp; His signature, however, occasionally appears before
+this date.</p>
+<p>1671.&nbsp; John Cull.</p>
+<p>1683.&nbsp; &mdash; Sanby, who was minister from January 1st,
+1683, to December 31st, 1685.</p>
+<p>1686.&nbsp; Henry Watts, who quitted in May, 1695; strangers
+appear to have officiated till</p>
+<p>1696.&nbsp; Thomas Bobar entered on his duties December
+4th.&nbsp; He made way for in</p>
+<p>1699.&nbsp; Philip Horneck, who officiated from March 9th to
+October 16th.</p>
+<p>1699.&nbsp; Thomas Knaggs appointed curate <a
+name="page65"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 65</span>October 16th;
+he stayed till January 10th, 1707, when Francis Jeffrey
+succeeded.&nbsp; But in February, 1708, Mr. Knaggs returned, and
+was minister till May 17th, 1713.</p>
+<p>1713.&nbsp; Robert Hicks, to June 10th, 1719.</p>
+<p>1719.&nbsp; Humphry Persehouse, who was minister forty-one
+years.&nbsp; He resigned in December, 1759, when</p>
+<p>1760.&nbsp; &mdash; Bailey, chaunter of Westminster Abbey, was
+appointed on January 1st by the Dean and Chapter.&nbsp; I believe
+he was succeeded by the Rev. John Gamble, nominated by his
+father, as lessee.&nbsp; He died in 1811.</p>
+<p>1811.&nbsp; &mdash; Harris. <a name="citation65"></a><a
+href="#footnote65" class="citation">[65]</a></p>
+<p>1822.&nbsp; J. G. Foyster, M.A. of Queen&rsquo;s College,
+Cambridge.&nbsp; He published a volume of sermons preached
+here.&nbsp; In 1832, Lord Brougham gave him the rectory of St.
+Clement&rsquo;s, Hastings, on which he quitted
+Knightsbridge.&nbsp; He died there May 17th, 1855.</p>
+<p><a name="page66"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+66</span>1832.&nbsp; John Martin, who shortly resigned, and was
+succeeded by the Rev. Hibbert Binney, D.C.L., the late minister,
+who, since June, 1838 (when he was appointed rector of Newbury),
+left the chapel to the ministry of the Rev. John Wilson, now
+D.D., and the present incumbent.&nbsp; Dr. Binney died June 6th,
+1857.&nbsp; Among assistant ministers here have been the Rev.
+Alexander Cleeve, author of several devotional works, who died
+September 23rd, 1805; the Rev. H. J. Symons, LL.D., who read the
+burial service over Sir John Moore at Corunna.&nbsp; He gained
+the notice of the Duke of York in this pulpit, and quitted it for
+the Peninsula with a regiment, to which he was chaplain.</p>
+<p>Baptisms and marriages were formerly solemnised here, and
+twenty register-books, some very small, and others quarto and
+folio size, are still preserved.&nbsp; Many of them, however, are
+but duplicates of the others, and three are memorandum-books of
+the clerks, with registrations, expenses, notices, and other
+entries therein.&nbsp; The <i>regular register of baptisms</i>
+has been missing a very long while, but duplicates of several
+years have been preserved; with the exception of a few leaves,
+all the books <a name="page67"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+67</span>of expenses are lost also. <a name="citation67"></a><a
+href="#footnote67" class="citation">[67]</a>&nbsp; I have stated
+before that the books of the Lazar-house are also missing, and so
+is the burial book, if such ever existed.&nbsp; I shall be glad
+to quit this statement, so disgraceful to some of the former
+officials of the Chapel, and give a few extracts from those still
+fortunately preserved.</p>
+<p>Previous to the passing of Lord Hardwick&rsquo;s celebrated
+Marriage Act, in 1753, it was not necessary to the validity of a
+marriage that such should be performed in a church, or solemnised
+by any religious ceremony.&nbsp; And although the law of the
+Church visited with censure those who neglected its canon in this
+respect, yet the Common Law recognised other and more private
+modes.&nbsp; Consequently around and in London, at almost all the
+chapels, marriages were performed, and at some in a very
+discreditable manner.&nbsp; Lord Hardwick&rsquo;s bill made it
+necessary to the validity of a marriage that it should be
+solemnised in a parish church or <a name="page68"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 68</span>public chapel where banns had been
+regularly published.&nbsp; The result was, that as at these
+chapels banns were not published, marriages therein solemnised
+were no longer legal; and among others obliged to succumb to this
+law, Knightsbridge Chapel was one.</p>
+<p>It would almost appear that our Chapel had some reputation for
+its irregularities in this solemnity, if we are to trust some of
+the pointed allusions in the literature of a bygone
+currency.&nbsp; Shadwell, in his play of &ldquo;The Sullen
+Lovers,&rdquo; published in 1668, makes Lovell say:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Let&rsquo;s rally no longer: there is a
+person at Knightsbridge, that yokes all stray people together;
+we&rsquo;ll to him, he&rsquo;ll despatch us presently, and send
+us away as lovingly as any two fools that ever yet were condemned
+to marriage.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>And in the <i>Guardian</i> (No. 14, March 27, 1713), a
+run-away marriage is spoken of as being celebrated &ldquo;last
+night at Knightsbridge.&rdquo;&nbsp; Although such references
+seem to illustrate what could be only known as a fact, I yet
+think they were but a jocular remark as regards Knightsbridge,
+and not indications of a reality.&nbsp; It is scarcely possible
+to think such would have been allowed in a place of worship, so
+much under the control of the Dean and <a name="page69"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 69</span>Chapter as this was; and many
+memoranda in the books vindicate its ministers from the charge of
+winking at wrong, as these allusions insinuate.&nbsp; Of these
+curious entries I give the following as specimens:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;<span
+class="smcap">Mem</span>.&mdash;Thomas Palmer and Ann Clarke: if
+they come to be maryed, stop them, and send for Mr. Clarke, next
+doore to the Mitre Tavern in Duppin&rsquo;s Ally, King Street,
+Westminster.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;William Squire, silver-smith, living in Long Acre, who
+stood father to Elizabeth Goldingham, who was married to Edward
+Keyn ye 20th of ffebruary, 1690/1, does give this account of the
+said Elizabeth Goldingham, that she has lodged at his house for 2
+years, that she is no heyress, but ffollows the trade of a
+manta-maker for her living, and further he adds that she has
+neither ffather or mother liveing, nor no relation who does any
+way look affter her, but that she is really at her own
+disposal.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>But although such entries show the rule, I must admit that at
+a certain period before the time to which the foregoing entries
+refer, are others which appear suspicious; and if any <a
+name="page70"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+70</span>irregularities occurred I should place them between the
+two extreme dates, shown in the following extracts:&mdash;</p>
+<p>1678, April 28.&nbsp; Jacob Stent and Mary Crouch, secrecy for
+life.</p>
+<p>1678, April 28.&nbsp; James Gibson and Anne Tarrant,
+secrecy.</p>
+<p>1678/9, April 28.&nbsp; William Taylor and Elizabeth Steward,
+great secrecy.</p>
+<p>1680, April 25.&nbsp; Edward Charlton and Alice Robinson,
+secret for 14 years.</p>
+<p>1682, May 7.&nbsp; Andrew Barry and Mary Elton, secrecy.</p>
+<p>With these curious notices of old systems, habits, and ideas,
+I proceed to give some extracts from the registers, selecting
+those referring to eminent persons, and which contain allusions
+of interest and peculiarity.&nbsp; The earliest entry of baptisms
+is the following.</p>
+<p>1663, Aug. 28.&nbsp; Will, ye sone of will birke of this
+hamlett, by Mr. Herring.</p>
+<p>1667, Jan. 23.&nbsp; Sofiah London, the daughter of Richard
+London and Mary his wife.</p>
+<p>A family named London lived in this locality many years, and
+there are several entries of the name.&nbsp; Probably the
+celebrated gardener so <a name="page71"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 71</span>named, who will be afterwards
+noticed, belonged to it.</p>
+<p>1668.&nbsp; Nathaniel, son of William Ipsley, baptised,
+September 8th.</p>
+<p>Most probably this name should be Hipsley.&nbsp; Persons of
+this name were clerks here many years.</p>
+<p>1670, Nov. 3.&nbsp; James, son of James and Mary Rouse.</p>
+<p>1675, Feb. 19.&nbsp; Dorothy, daughter of James Took, Esq.,
+and Magdalen his wife.&nbsp; Westminster parish.</p>
+<p>1675, April 11.&nbsp; William Lord, son of Robert and Anne
+Thurlow.</p>
+<p>A family of this name lived in the St. Margaret&rsquo;s part
+of the hamlet in the 17th century.</p>
+<p>1675, Nov. 5.&nbsp; Joan, daughter of Robert and Hester
+Gunter, baptised.</p>
+<p>Persons of this name may be traced from this period to the
+present time in our locality.&nbsp; It is the earliest entry of
+the name I have found.</p>
+<p>1676, Jan. 8.&nbsp; Margerite, the daughter of Elizabeth
+Bedford by Mr. Philip Thomas.</p>
+<p>1677, June 17.&nbsp; Tristram, the son of Tristram and Anne
+Huddlestone.</p>
+<p>1677, July 20.&nbsp; George, son of Berkley Trye, <a
+name="page72"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 72</span>Esq., by Mary
+his wife, baptised by Jo. Andrews, entered at St.
+Martin&rsquo;s.</p>
+<p>The Tryes are a very ancient Gloucestershire family.</p>
+<p>1678, Jan. 3.&nbsp; Robert, son of Robert and Hester
+Gunter.</p>
+<p>1681, April 11.&nbsp; Anne, the daughter of George Sams by
+Martha Wheatley, his servant, as &rsquo;tis told me.</p>
+<p>1682, May 27.&nbsp; Thomas Dennis, 30 years of age, was
+baptised.</p>
+<p>1683, March 4.&nbsp; Jane Rutter was baptised.&nbsp; A black
+woman.</p>
+<p>1689, June 27.&nbsp; ffrances Wharton, the daughter of Jane
+Wharton, a child of base (birth).</p>
+<p>1691, Dec. 21.&nbsp; Hannah Hipsley, daughter of Thomas and
+Mary Hipsley, by Mr. Watts.&nbsp; Born Dec. 6th.</p>
+<p>1692, Feb. 14.&nbsp; Margaret Tarbet, the daughter of Margaret
+Perryvil; being a woman-child that fell in travail in ye
+street.</p>
+<p>1702.&nbsp; Mary, daughter of Thomas Werd by Mary his wife,
+was baptised the 3rd of May by Mr. Killberk.</p>
+<p>This is the last baptism recorded, and only <a
+name="page73"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 73</span>one is
+entered between October 16th, 1694, and this date: the others are
+missing; and though I know baptisms were occasionally solemnised
+here even to the end of the last century, no later record has
+been preserved.</p>
+<h3>MARRIAGES.</h3>
+<p>There are no registers of marriages here now, anterior to
+April 1st, 1658, but in the Bishop&rsquo;s register are some
+earlier ones, the first of which is the following:&mdash;</p>
+<p>16th April, 1632.&nbsp; Thomas Herbert, of Hammond Head, com.
+York, Esq., bachelor, 24; and Lucy Alexander, spinster, 20,
+daughter of Sir William Alexander.</p>
+<p>The earliest in the Chapel register book is as
+follows:&mdash;</p>
+<p>1658, April 1.&nbsp; William Eaton and Jane Hurley were
+married.</p>
+<p>1661, ffeb. 10.&nbsp; Richard Steele and Eliza Cotterill per
+me Ant. Dode.</p>
+<p>1666, July 17.&nbsp; William Adkins and Katherine Edwards at
+ye Bowling Green.</p>
+<p>The Bowling Green was perhaps at the Spring Garden, afterwards
+to be noticed.</p>
+<p><a name="page74"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 74</span>1666,
+Oct. 14.&nbsp; Thomas Clark and Elizabeth Milton.</p>
+<p>1667, April 16.&nbsp; Philip Wharton and Hester Bewley.</p>
+<p>1672, June 11.&nbsp; Sir Philip Harcourte and Eliz Lee married
+by Mr. Cull.</p>
+<p>1672, July 13.&nbsp; Robert Chaloner, esq., and Dorothy
+Britten.</p>
+<p>The Chaloners were one of the few old Middlesex
+families.&nbsp; They were seated at Chiswick.</p>
+<p>1675, Feb. 16.&nbsp; Christopher Benson and Eliz. Hilliard,
+belonging to ye vice chancellor.</p>
+<p>1675, Nov. 24.&nbsp; Gabriel Hipsley and Penelope ffry.</p>
+<p>1676, May 7.&nbsp; Nicholas Brady and Bethia Chapman.</p>
+<p>1676, Oct. 27.&nbsp; Arthur Deavereux and Anne Ireland in
+pompe Courte in ye midle temple, 3 payre of stayres.</p>
+<p>1677, July 17.&nbsp; Hugh Middleton, esq., and Mrs. Dorothy
+Oglander, married by Mr. Nath. Cole, dd, his majesty&rsquo;s
+Chaplain in ordinary.</p>
+<p>1678, Feb. 21.&nbsp; William Harbord, esq., and Mrs. Katherine
+Russell by Mr. James Symonds.</p>
+<p>1678, July 23.&nbsp; Sir James Hayes and Grace Clavering.</p>
+<p><a name="page75"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 75</span>1678,
+August 3.&nbsp; Sir John Lenthall and ye Lady Catherine Lant,
+secrecy, by Mr. Joseph Stretch, minister.</p>
+<p>Sir John Lenthall, only son of the Speaker, was Governor of
+Windsor, under Cromwell, and knighted by him in 1657.&nbsp; On
+May 21, 1660, he moved in the House of Commons that all who had
+borne arms against the king should be exempted from pardon; and
+for such was called to the bar, reprimanded, and degraded his
+knighthood.&nbsp; He afterwards lost his seat upon petition
+against his return.&nbsp; He died in 1681.</p>
+<p>1678, August 15.&nbsp; Robert Grime and Barbara January, the
+king&rsquo;s taylor, nexte doore to 3 tuns taverne lane.</p>
+<p>1679, April 10.&nbsp; Thomas Lant, esq., and Mrs. Jane
+Bromfield.</p>
+<p>1681, Feb. 20.&nbsp; John Stibbs and Sarah Cromwell.</p>
+<p>For the last 250 years a family named Cromwell&mdash;and
+which, in the last century, branched out considerably&mdash;has
+been resident in this part of Middlesex.&nbsp; Cromwell, the
+minister of Henry VIII., was born at Putney, not far out of the
+county; and Sir Richard Cromwell <a name="page76"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 76</span>(grandfather to Oliver the
+Protector), signed himself in letters to the &ldquo;Mauler of
+Monasteries&rdquo; <i>his most bounden nephew</i>.&nbsp; In 1691
+a Robert Cromwell lived at Kensal Green, and is probably the
+person of the same name who sat on the jury at the trial of
+Daniel Axtell.&nbsp; For many years a brewery at Hammersmith has
+been conducted by persons of this name, not improbably
+descendants from the Putney blacksmith.</p>
+<p>1682, January 31st.&nbsp; John Cull, curate of Knightsbridge,
+and Martha Turner, by Mr. Yearwood.</p>
+<p>Mr. Cull was minister here twelve years.&nbsp; He died in
+1683, and was buried at Kensington on the 21st September.</p>
+<p>1682, Dec. 24.&nbsp; Sir John Hatton and Mary Hinton.</p>
+<p>1683, July 3rd.&nbsp; Heale Hooke, Baronet, and Hester
+Underhill by Seyward of Kensington.</p>
+<p>Sir Hele Hooke, for many years a resident in Kensington
+Square, died there in July, 1712, by which the title became
+extinct.&nbsp; Mr. Seward was curate there.&nbsp; (See
+Faulkner&rsquo;s &ldquo;History of Kensington.&rdquo;)</p>
+<p>1685, Sept. 12.&nbsp; David Gunter and Eliz. West.</p>
+<p><a name="page77"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 77</span>1686,
+Sept. 4.&nbsp; Sir Francis de Geilhausen and Flora Bishop for
+Feb. 6, 1685.</p>
+<p>1687, Feb. 1.&nbsp; Sir Samuel Morland, Knight, and Mrs. Mary
+Aylif, secrecy.</p>
+<p>This entry records the unfortunate marriage of the celebrated
+inventor, described by himself in such terms of misery, to the
+diarist Pepys.&nbsp; In all the biographies of Morland I have
+referred to, and even in Burke, his wife&rsquo;s name is not
+given, and therefore I presume it has hitherto been
+unknown.&nbsp; The wedding was, as the register tells, private;
+and eighteen days after it took place, he wrote to Pepys, that,
+&ldquo;being in very great perplexities, and almost distracted
+for want of moneys,&rdquo; a person whom he had befriended in
+time of need proposed to recommend him an heiress, &ldquo;who had
+500<i>l.</i> per ann. in land, and 4,000<i>l.</i> in ready
+money,&rdquo; and property of other kinds.&nbsp; &ldquo;Believing
+it,&rdquo; he writes, &ldquo;utterly impossible,&rdquo; that one
+whom he had assisted, &ldquo;should ever be guilty of so black a
+deed&rdquo; as to betray him in his distress, &ldquo;I was, about
+a fortnight since, led as a fool to the stocks, and married a
+coachman&rsquo;s daughter, not worth a shilling,&rdquo; and whose
+moral character <a name="page78"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+78</span>proved to be none of the purest.&nbsp; He, procuring
+evidence (shortly after) of adultery, took the case into the
+Ecclesiastical Court, which granted a divorce on that ground on
+May 17. <a name="citation78"></a><a href="#footnote78"
+class="citation">[78]</a>&nbsp; It was the <i>fourth</i> time Sir
+Samuel tied the matrimonial knot, and the <i>last</i>.</p>
+<p>1687, May 3.&nbsp; Sir William Moet, and Antonetta
+Willobe.</p>
+<p>1687, Sept. 1.&nbsp; John Atley and Mary Crumwell.</p>
+<p>1689, Jan. 7.&nbsp; Richard Bailey and Eliz. Shakespeare.</p>
+<p>1690, July 20.&nbsp; Sir Thomas Fautherly and Mrs. Frances
+Brown.</p>
+<p>1690, July 31.&nbsp; John Lenthall and Eliz. Wildman.</p>
+<p>1693, Jan. 8.&nbsp; Thomas Cromwel and Ann Smith.</p>
+<p>1694, Aug. 12.&nbsp; Edward Shaxspear and Eliz. Ward.</p>
+<p>1695, May 26.&nbsp; Tristram Huddleston, Gentleman of St.
+James&rsquo;, W<sup>mr.</sup>, and Mrs. Mary Darker of the
+same.</p>
+<p><a name="page79"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 79</span>1695,
+Nov. 16.&nbsp; John Baptist Renoult, Minister of the parish of
+St. Ann&rsquo;s, Westminster, and Amery Henri, Widd.</p>
+<p>1696, July 23.&nbsp; John Line of St. Martin&rsquo;s Neat
+Houses, and Dorothy ffall, spinster of St. Margaret&rsquo;s,
+Westminster.</p>
+<p>1697, Jan. 30.&nbsp; Jasper Arnold, Gent., of St. James,
+Westminster, and Antonett Culmer of Kensington, spinster.</p>
+<p>The Arnolds were a numerous and opulent family long resident
+in Westminster.&nbsp; Families of the same name, and probably
+connected, also resided in Knightsbridge and Kensington for above
+a century.&nbsp; One of the Westminster Arnolds was a brewer, and
+a juryman on the trial of the Seven Bishops.&nbsp; (See
+&ldquo;Macaulay&rsquo;s History.&rdquo;)</p>
+<p>1698, August 21.&nbsp; George Cumming, Taylor, at ye
+Woolstaple, near great Tom, St. Margaret&rsquo;s, Westminster,
+and Mary Watson of the same place.</p>
+<p>1698, Dec. 18.&nbsp; William ffinton, Life Guardsman in
+college-street, near ye Black dog: Catherine Llewyllen in
+Dean&rsquo;s Yard, Westm<sup>r</sup>.</p>
+<p>(Black Dog Alley still exists in College Street.)</p>
+<p><a name="page80"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 80</span>1699,
+Jan. 1.&nbsp; Thomas Lewsie, peruke maker in ye pel-mel at ye
+sign of ye two pidgeons, in St. James&rsquo; Westm<sup>r</sup>,
+and Mary pigot, of St. Paul&rsquo;s, Covent Garden, in maiden
+lane.</p>
+<p>1699, Jan. 23.&nbsp; Richard Green, Barber, in St. Brides, at
+ye Barber&rsquo;s pole near ffleet-bridge, ye corner house but
+one, and Mary Truby of ye same place.</p>
+<p>1699, May 23.&nbsp; Thomas Fenwick of St. Margaret&rsquo;s,
+Westminster, serv<sup>t</sup> to Storey at ye Park Gate, and Mary
+Gregory of ye same.</p>
+<p>This notice is curious: Story&rsquo;s Gate, named from the
+person here noticed, is the entrance into St. James&rsquo;s Park
+from Bridge Street.&nbsp; Story was keeper of the Aviary to
+Charles II., hence Birdcage Walk.</p>
+<p>1699, August 18.&nbsp; Cornelius Vander Velde, Limner, of St.
+Giles&rsquo;, living in Dyot street, over agt ye Sparrow&rsquo;s
+Nest, and Bernada Vander Hagen, of ye same.</p>
+<p>Cornelius Vander Velde was brother to William Vander Velde the
+elder, the great painter of sea pieces.&nbsp; He was himself a
+painter of nautical subjects, and in the employ of Charles
+II.&nbsp; This is an addition to Walpole&rsquo;s notices.</p>
+<p><a name="page81"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 81</span>1699,
+Nov. 16.&nbsp; Charles Goring, Gentleman of Heysdown, in the
+parish of Washington, and Frances Bridger of Hams in ye same
+county.&nbsp; (Sussex) by Mr. Knaggs.</p>
+<p>Mr. Goring afterwards succeeded to the baronetcy.</p>
+<p>1700, July 30.&nbsp; Rob<sup>t</sup> Walpole, Esquire, of
+Houghton in ye County of Norfolk, and Katharine Shorter, of ye
+Parish of St. James, Westm. by Mr. Prevoste.</p>
+<p>This record is that of the celebrated minister of the first
+two Georges.&nbsp; His wife was daughter of a Lord Mayor of
+London, and mother of the celebrated Horace.</p>
+<p>1700, Nov. 22.&nbsp; Miles Pennington, Gent., living in Tuttle
+Street, at ye sign of ye Green Dragon, and Eliz. D&rsquo;oyley of
+the same.</p>
+<p>1703, March 4.&nbsp; John Oldmixon and Elizabeth Parrey.</p>
+<p>1703, Dec. 25.&nbsp; Benjamin Houghton and Eliz.
+Mandeville.</p>
+<p>1704, April 28.&nbsp; John Every, Esq., and ye
+Hon<sup>ble</sup> Martha Thompson.</p>
+<p>Mr. Every afterwards succeeded his brother in the baronetcy;
+his wife was daughter of John, Lord Haversham.</p>
+<p><a name="page82"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 82</span>1705,
+Jan. 6.&nbsp; Sir William Humphrey and Eleanor Lancashire.</p>
+<p>Sir William was Lord Mayor in the first year of George I., and
+entertaining the new king at Guildhall, was made a baronet.&nbsp;
+His wife was widow of a London merchant.</p>
+<p>1705, Jan. 8.&nbsp; Charles Danvers and Margaret Evans.</p>
+<p>Danvers has been a name in Chelsea these 250 years past, and
+is still to be found there.&nbsp; Sir John Danvers, of Chelsea,
+was one who signed the death-warrant of Charles I.</p>
+<p>1705, May 23.&nbsp; Henry Graham, Esq., and Mary, Countess of
+Darentwater.</p>
+<p>This lady was the youngest natural daughter of Charles II., by
+Mrs. Davis the actress, and known before marriage as Lady Mary
+Tudor.&nbsp; On August 18, 1687, being then only in her
+fourteenth year, she was married to Edward Radcliffe, afterwards
+second earl of Derwentwater, by whom she became mother of that
+ill-fated earl executed on Tower Hill for his share in the
+Rebellion of 1715; of Charles Radcliffe, who also perished on the
+scaffold thirty years after, and of two other children.&nbsp; Her
+husband, from whom she separated in 1700, died April 29, <a
+name="page83"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 83</span>1705; and
+within a month, as this record shows, she married Henry Graham of
+Levens, Esq., who died the following year.&nbsp; She married
+thirdly James Rooke, whom she likewise survived.&nbsp; She died
+at Paris, November 5, 1726, in her fifty-fourth year.</p>
+<p>1710, May 30.&nbsp; Sir Tho. Robinson, Baronet, and Mrs.
+Elizabeth Hare by license.&nbsp; Tho. Yalden, S.T.P.</p>
+<p>Sir Thomas Robinson, grandson of Sir Thomas Robinson, killed
+in jumping from a window to escape from a fire in his chambers in
+the Temple.&nbsp; His wife was daughter of Sir Thomas Hare of
+Stow Bardolph.&nbsp; The officiating clergyman was doubtless the
+poet of that name.</p>
+<p>1710, Dec. 13.&nbsp; Charles May, esq., and Mrs. Jane
+Middleton.</p>
+<p>1712, Jan. 19.&nbsp; Mr. Martin Purcell and Mrs. Mary
+Glagg.</p>
+<p>1721, June 19.&nbsp; Charles Vanbrugh, esq., of the parish of
+St. Martin in the Fields, and Anne Burt of ye same, married by
+Dr. Hough, rector of St. George&rsquo;s.</p>
+<p>Most probably this gentleman was brother of the celebrated
+architect and dramatist, Sir John <a name="page84"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 84</span>Vanbrugh.&nbsp; His brother Charles
+was baptised Feb. 27, 1680.</p>
+<p>1721, July 22.&nbsp; The Hon. Josias Burchett of St. Martin in
+ye Feilds, esq., widower, and Margaret Aris, of St. Anne&rsquo;s,
+Westminster, widow.</p>
+<p>1726, June 8.&nbsp; Francis Bytheway of St. Clement&rsquo;s
+Danes, Batchelor, and Ann Persehouse of St. Martin&rsquo;s in ye
+feilds, spinster.</p>
+<p>1730, May 7.&nbsp; Noel Broxholme, M.D., St. James, Bachelor,
+40, and Mrs. Amy Dowdeswell, St. Ann&rsquo;s Westminster,
+widow.</p>
+<p>1741, May 26.&nbsp; The Rev. Mr. John Pettingall of St.
+Margaret&rsquo;s, Westminster, Batch: and Susanna Long of ye
+same, spinster.</p>
+<p>Mr. Pettingall was minister of Duke Street Chapel,
+Westminster.</p>
+<p>1752, Dec. 2.&nbsp; John Fry ye younger, of Bromley in ye
+County of Middx, and Elizabeth Eveleigh, of ye same, spins.</p>
+<p>This is the last entry; and the blank pages after show it to
+have been the last marriage solemnised here.</p>
+<p>In Wilkinson&rsquo;s &ldquo;Londina&rdquo; the following
+curious extracts from the Accounts are given:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p><a name="page85"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+85</span>Monye laid out for and toward y<sup>e</sup> reparation
+of the said Chappell as followeth:</p>
+</blockquote>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td colspan="4"><p style="text-align: center">* October 17,
+1655.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>To the plumer for a gutter of lead 18 of April, 1656 (Qy.
+1655)</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">10</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">3</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>To Edward Rowles</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">08</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">3</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>To Robert Darwinn, for mendinge the great window nexte the
+pulpit</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">12</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td colspan="4"><p style="text-align: center">* 1656.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>To John Fitzwalter and his labourers</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">06</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>ffor lathes, nails, and lime, and sand</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">06</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>ffor three hundred of tiles</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">09</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>To Rowles his man for mendinge the Chappell doore, and
+bell</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">02</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td colspan="4"><p style="text-align: center">* 24th October,
+1657.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>To Thomas Austin and his labourers</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">04</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">8</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>To Darwinne for mendinge the north windows</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">08</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<p>Memorandum undated, but I think 1658 is the year:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>Monnies gathered by the inhabitants of
+Knightsbridge for &amp; towards the Reparations of the Chappell
+called Trinitie Chappell, belonginge to the Hospitale, Spittle,
+or Lazar House of Knightsbridge:</p>
+</blockquote>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">lb.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">s.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">d.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>The Lady Stonehouse</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">10</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Mr. Hall</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">05</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Mr. Pate</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">02</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Mr. Callaway</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">02</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Mr. White</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">02</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">6</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Mr. Harris</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">02</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Mr. Boll</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">6</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Mr. Lewis</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Goodman Paldin</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Mr. Hickman</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">Som toto</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">08</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<blockquote><p><a name="page86"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+86</span>More Collected the 29th day of June at the Chappell
+doore at the Requeste of Mr. Anthony dod, minister of
+Paddington:</p>
+</blockquote>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">01</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">8</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">2</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">9</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<blockquote><p>More Collected the 01th day of April att Chappell
+doore att the Request of Mr. Lee, Minister now present of
+Trinitie Chappell of Knightsbrige the some of fiftye eight
+shillings two-pence, by us 58s. 2d.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>&nbsp;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">2</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">18</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: right">2</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<blockquote><p>Christopher Lee<br />
+Tho. Turner<br />
+Richard Halloway.</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">July, 1659.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Received of the Lady Langton (for her entrance into her
+yere) towards the repayringe of the Chappell, the some of 2</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>02</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>0</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>Received of Mr. Hall the same month</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>00</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>02</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>6</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">* The 9th of June,
+1659. <a name="citation86"></a><a href="#footnote86"
+class="citation">[86]</a></p>
+<p>Received of John Glassington, Governour of the Hospital of
+Knightsbridge the some of 10s.&mdash;which was collected for a
+breefe for and towards the losses by fire in the parish of
+Brides&rsquo;, London, I say received by me,</p>
+<p>Witness, Anthony Dod.</p>
+<p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">John
+Gray</span>.</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">* The 27th Day of ffeb<sup>r</sup>,
+1658.</p>
+<p>Then received of Mr. Glassington of the Hospitall of
+Knightsbridge, for the use of the Bayliffe and Burgesses of East
+Thetford (Retford), in the County of Nottingham, the some of ten
+shillings, which was gathered for the rebuilding of the church of
+East Thetford aforesaid.</p>
+<p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Tho.
+Mason</span>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><a name="page87"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 87</span>The
+following entry refers, perhaps, to the law which made conformity
+to the Church of England a necessary qualification for official
+employment:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>Mr. Gamaleon Capell and Mr. John Adams received
+the Communion in Trinitie Chappell at Knightsbridge the 14th day
+of July, 1680.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>And the next is an instance of the operation of a very absurd
+and immoral law:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>August ye 6, 1695.&nbsp; Rec<sup>d</sup> of Mr.
+Tho. Hipsley <a name="citation87"></a><a href="#footnote87"
+class="citation">[87]</a> ten pounds and seven shillings and six
+pence by order of ye Comishenors for Marridges in Knightsbridge
+Chappell, at to shillings and six pence per Marridg:</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">By us</p>
+<p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Jos.
+Radliff</span><br />
+<span class="smcap">Laine Mease</span>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>The next extract informs us the rental received by the
+Birkheads as lessees; for I presume it to be a receipt for the
+whole year:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>Rec<sup>d</sup> the third day of Jan<sup>y</sup>,
+1701, of Mr. Thomas Hipsley the sum of fforty nine pounds for
+Rent, allowing all the King&rsquo;s Taxes to Christmas day last
+past, it being in full for Rent to the said Christmas day.&nbsp;
+p. me,</p>
+<p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Mary
+Birkhead</span>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><a name="page88"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 88</span>In
+Chelsea Register (1699) is the following entry&mdash;&ldquo;Gave
+to the Beadle of Knightsbridge, <a name="citation88"></a><a
+href="#footnote88" class="citation">[88]</a> yt brought Sir
+Thomas Ogle&rsquo;s childrens clothes, at their first coming to
+the parish 0 . 0 . 6.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Regarding burials, the only entry in the books recording such
+is the following:&mdash;&ldquo;Mrs. Smith the wife of Edward
+Smith of Bromtone deced the 5th day of March, and was bereed the
+6th day of ye same month 1667.&rdquo;&nbsp; If persons were
+interred here in any number, the interments ceased most probably
+before 1683, when Mr. Cull was buried at Kensington.&nbsp; No
+register of such is to be found now, although the tradition was
+very strong that the enclosure on the Green was consecrated for
+the resting place of the dead.</p>
+<p>Before concluding this account of the Chapel I must notice the
+Birkhead family, with whom it was so many years connected.&nbsp;
+They appear to have held considerable property in the hamlet, but
+I have not been able to trace their history, other than what the
+following extracts from the registers inform us:&mdash;</p>
+<p><a name="page89"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 89</span>1672
+May 28th.&nbsp; &ldquo;Nicholas Birkhead and Susan Robinson,
+married by Dr. Littleton.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>This, doubtless, was the &ldquo;gouldsmith&rdquo; who
+&ldquo;rebuilte&rdquo; the chapel: Dr. Littleton was rector of
+Chelsea, and celebrated for his Dictionary and other literary
+productions.</p>
+<p>1678.&nbsp; Nicholas ye son of Nicholas Birkhead, junior, by
+Susanna his wife, bapt. Aprill 30th 1678: in the parish of
+Buttolphe&rsquo;s, Aldersgate, London.</p>
+<p>This relates evidently to the same person: the other notices
+are as follow:&mdash;</p>
+<p>1688 July 1.&nbsp; John Clements and Eliz. Birkhead.</p>
+<p>1689 Aug 20.&nbsp; Edward Nowell and Eliz. Birkhead.</p>
+<p>1693 April 27.&nbsp; Thomas Rouse and Hester Birkhead.</p>
+<p>1694 July 15.&nbsp; Richard Wright and Eliz. Birkhead.</p>
+<p>1694 Aug 27.&nbsp; James Birkhead, Joyner, of St. Andrews,
+Holborn; and Anne Jinks, spinster of St. Giles&rsquo; in ye
+fields.</p>
+<p>1705 Feb 10.&nbsp; John Birkhead and Ann Gurney.</p>
+<p>1723 June 18.&nbsp; Edward Brind of Buckingham, <a
+name="page90"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 90</span>Batch, and
+Elizabeth Birkhead, of St. Martin&rsquo;s in ye fields, spinster.
+<a name="citation90"></a><a href="#footnote90"
+class="citation">[90]</a></p>
+<p>Here my account of this ancient foundation, which has
+afforded, bodily and spiritually, aid to thousands, before the
+more splendid structures which now eclipse it were erected, must
+close.&nbsp; I own I feel a deep interest in the old place, shorn
+as it is of its usefulness in great measure; and it is with
+regret I am compelled to bear witness against those superiors of
+the venerable Abbey, to which it was attached, for permitting its
+decay to go on, without one single attempt to renovate it with
+fresh life and vigour.&nbsp; I cannot find that they have for the
+<a name="page91"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 91</span>last 150
+years aided it, or held out the parental hand in any way.&nbsp;
+They have appointed its ministers, have allowed them a miserable
+endowment, and this is the sum of their support.&nbsp; With the
+rentals they have drawn from Knightsbridge for so lengthened a
+period, Church and Hospital ought now to stand, both flourishing
+in useful prosperity, monuments alike to the piety of our
+ancestors, and to the conservative care of their descendants, who
+had striven to emulate their goodness by the extension of the
+blessings their bounty bestowed.&nbsp; Is it so, that in this
+district nothing can be done in the nineteenth to remedy the
+faults of the eighteenth century?</p>
+<p>In connection with Trinity Chapel was a school, founded in
+1783, chiefly by the exertions of John Read, who will be
+hereafter further noticed.&nbsp; The education afforded was
+substantially good, better than most schools of the same kind
+generally afforded, and was entirely free.&nbsp; Its support was
+derived from the contributions of the public, and collections at
+the Chapel.&nbsp; For many years the number was limited to 34
+boys and 18 girls, but in 1832 it was increased to 45 boys and 25
+girls, beyond which number the income of the Committee <a
+name="page92"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 92</span>would not
+allow them to extend.&nbsp; To Mr. Kember, its Treasurer, for
+many years the institution mainly owed its existence; but at
+length, in 1844, the subscribers at a general meeting transferred
+the institution, and attached it to the new church of St.
+Paul.</p>
+<p>Before this school was founded it would seem one of a similar
+kind had previously existed, for Northvouck mentions one here,
+but with 6 boys and 6 girls only.</p>
+
+<div class="gapshortline">&nbsp;</div>
+<p><span class="smcap">St. Paul&rsquo;s Church</span>.&mdash;In
+this section the two churches to which the Hamlet of
+Knightsbridge mainly pertains will be described.&nbsp; St.
+Paul&rsquo;s claims priority.</p>
+<p>The first stone of St. Paul&rsquo;s was laid November 6th,
+1840, in presence of nearly 500 persons, by George Drummond,
+Esq., of Wilton Crescent.&nbsp; The want of Church accommodation
+had been greatly felt, and in this year measures were taken to
+realise that want.&nbsp; Public subscriptions were commenced, and
+a large sum subscribed; <a name="citation92"></a><a
+href="#footnote92" class="citation">[92]</a> but after the work
+had for some <a name="page93"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+93</span>time been progressed with, it was stopped from lack of
+resources; this difficulty was, however, surmounted, and on June
+30th, 1843, the edifice was consecrated by Dr. Blomfield, Bishop
+of London, who preached on the occasion from the 4th chapter of
+St. John&rsquo;s Gospel, verse 14.</p>
+<p>The site on which it stands was formerly an exercising ground
+belonging to the foot-barrack, and was given by the Marquis of
+Westminster (who likewise contributed &pound;500 towards the
+organ), the lease being purchased of the late Mr. Phillips.</p>
+<p>The Church is one of the most handsome of modern architecture
+in London, and a great credit to its designer Mr. T. Cundy.&nbsp;
+Its style is that known as Early Perpendicular; it is 106 feet in
+length, by 59 feet 6 inches in breadth; the height is nearly 50
+feet.&nbsp; It consists of a nave and two aisles, with a chancel
+at the east end on an ascent of four steps; around the Church,
+along three of its sides, <a name="page94"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 94</span>galleries are placed; in the west
+gallery is the organ, and on this side are also galleries above
+for the school children.&nbsp; At the west end is a lofty and
+very handsome tower, having an arch open on three sides at its
+base to form the porch, above which it is carried to the height
+of 121 feet, in two storeys, each containing a large and
+beautiful window, sides and front.&nbsp; It terminates with an
+embattled parapet of open-work, and eight crocketted pinnacles,
+four of which rise from the angles.&nbsp; The tower contains a
+clock by Dent, and three bells by Meares; the tenor weighs 22
+cwt. 11 lbs., second 8 cwt, the small one 6 cwt. 4 lbs.</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p94b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"St. Paul&rsquo;s Church"
+title=
+"St. Paul&rsquo;s Church"
+src="images/p94s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p><a name="page95"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 95</span>The
+chancel forms a very handsome termination to the interior; the
+reading-desk and pulpit respectively occupy places at the north
+and south corners of its entrance, while in advance, occupying a
+central position, is the lectern, presented by the Rev. W.
+Bennett.&nbsp; In the south side of the chancel are three
+<i>sedill&aelig;</i>; over the Communion table are three
+compartments of stonework, on which are inscribed the
+Lord&rsquo;s Prayer, the Ten Commandments, and the Creed; above
+the stonework it terminates in a <i>rere-dos</i>, over which is
+the great window of stained glass by Wailes, pourtraying the
+Prophets and the Twelve Apostles.&nbsp; This window and
+ornamental stonework cost about &pound;1,000.</p>
+<p>The font is of Caen stone, of beautiful design, and five feet
+eight inches in height; it is of octagonal form, the panels being
+divided by buttresses, the projecting portion of each resting on
+an angel, each angel either clasping its hands, or holding a
+shield or book bearing some symbol corresponding with the subject
+of the panel immediately preceding.&nbsp; Under each panel is a
+boss, representing some plant answering to the subject on the
+panel.&nbsp; The shaft, supporting the whole, is placed on two
+steps; it consists <a name="page96"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+96</span>of eight mullioned arches, and as many buttresses
+decorated.&nbsp; It is the work of Mr. Charles Physick, of Gower
+Street, and was presented by the Rev. D. A. Beaufort, Mr.
+Bennett&rsquo;s successor at Portman Chapel.&nbsp; Its cost was
+&pound;100.</p>
+<p>The organ is a very powerful one; its case was designed by Mr.
+Cundy, and harmonises with the general character of the
+Church.&nbsp; It covers 14 feet square, and is 30 feet high.</p>
+<p>The roof is open, and is said to be the largest unsupported by
+pillars of any ecclesiastical edifice in the metropolis.&nbsp; It
+is of timber, and the tie beams are filled with tracery.</p>
+<p>Of the eight handsome windows of each side of the church, two
+in the north and six in the south are filled with stained glass,
+all by Wailes, of Newcastle, representing the most remarkable
+scenes and actions of St. Paul, and of those Apostles whose names
+are to be read on each window.&nbsp; Four of these windows were
+erected to the memory of various members of his family by J. T.
+Horne, Esq.; one to John Backhouse, Esq., of the Foreign Office,
+born October 14th, 1784, died November 13th, 1845; one to the
+late Viscount Newry, to the Misses <a name="page97"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 97</span>Alice and Caroline Colvile, and one
+to Miss Caroline Carr.&nbsp; There is one also to Patrick Fraser
+Tytler, born August 30th, 1791, died December 24th, 1849: he was
+author of &ldquo;A History of Scotland,&rdquo; &ldquo;Lives of
+Sir Walter Raleigh,&rdquo; &ldquo;Henry VIII.,&rdquo; and other
+works that have assumed a standard position in our
+literature.</p>
+<p>The church will hold nearly 1,600 persons; 600 of the sittings
+are free.</p>
+<p>The Rev. W. J. E. Bennett was nominated to the incumbency by
+the Bishop of London; but certain differences having arisen
+between him and the Bishop, he resigned in March, 1850, when the
+Hon. and Rev. Robert Liddell was appointed in his stead.</p>
+<p>The following is a list of the Churchwardens:&mdash;September
+30, 1845, Hon. Eliot Yorke, M.P.; Charles Briscoe.&nbsp; (These
+gentlemen were re-elected also for the three following
+years.)&nbsp; 1849, April 10, Sir John E. Harington, Bart.;
+Charles Briscoe.&nbsp; 1850, Sir J. E. Harington; Charles
+Briscoe.&nbsp; 1851, April 21, T. H. Sotheron, Esq., M.P.; J. H.
+Tuck.&nbsp; 1852, April 13, Viscount Castlereagh; J. H.
+Tuck.&nbsp; 1853, March 29, T. H. Horne, Esq.; Charles <a
+name="page98"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+98</span>Westerton.&nbsp; 1854, April 18.&nbsp; This was a
+contested election: opposition having been made by Mr. Westerton
+to the mode of conducting Divine Service, and other matters
+connected with the Church, he was opposed by Thos. Davidson,
+Esq.; but after a poll, the numbers were declared to be&mdash;for
+Mr. Westerton, 203; Mr. Davidson, 200.&nbsp; Mr. Horne was
+renominated; but a caveat being entered against this election,
+the case came on for adjudication before Dr. Phillimore, in the
+Archdeacon&rsquo;s Court, on May 30th, 1854, who declared the
+election null, in consequence of the rejection of the votes of
+certain parishioners; and a new election taking place on June
+15th, the same gentlemen were again nominated, and, after a poll
+of two days&rsquo; duration, the result was declared to
+be&mdash;for Mr. Westerton, 651; Mr. Davidson, 323.&nbsp; 1855,
+April 10, W. H. Jackson, Esq.; Charles Westerton: and the same
+gentlemen still fill the office.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">All Saints&rsquo;
+Church</span>.&mdash;This handsome edifice was consecrated by the
+late Bishop Blomfield on Saturday, July 21st, 1849.&nbsp; It was
+erected to supply a very great want, for previously <a
+name="page99"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 99</span>this isolated
+portion of St. Margaret&rsquo;s parish was destitute of a place
+of worship for the members of the Church of England.&nbsp; Within
+the last twenty years the population has vastly increased; and
+houses of first-class character have covered the nursery-grounds
+and fields formerly abounding.</p>
+<p>All Saints&rsquo; Church was erected from the designs of Mr.
+Vulliamy, in the Lombardic or Byzantine style of architecture,
+and when completed will be one of the most original and striking
+edifices in London.&nbsp; It consists of a nave, and side aisles,
+divided by pillars polished to imitate marble, terminating in an
+apse, forming the chancel, and the roof of which is a blue ground
+spangled with gold.&nbsp; Galleries are erected round three
+sides; in the western one is a very fine organ.&nbsp; The roof is
+open, of woodwork, and harmonises pleasingly with the other parts
+of the building, although comparatively plain.</p>
+<p>A tower at the west end, and a suitable enclosure before the
+entrance, yet remain to be accomplished, ere the work of
+completion is done.&nbsp; The estimated cost of these works
+amounts to &pound;2,100; and it is to be hoped that <a
+name="page100"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 100</span>the
+necessary funds may not be long forthcoming, to hinder their
+commencement.</p>
+<p>The minister is the Rev. William Harness, known for his
+edition of Shakspeare and other contributions to current
+literature; and the senior curate is the Rev. Mackenzie Walcot,
+whose &ldquo;Memorials of Westminster,&rdquo; and other works on
+the ancient city, have rendered him its most popular and pleasing
+historian.</p>
+<p>Charles R. Harford and James Baber, Esqs., were the first
+chosen churchwardens, and filled the office continuously till the
+present year, when W. Aldridge, Esq., was instituted in room of
+Mr. Harford.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Albert Gate</span> occupies an arched
+surface over the bed of the Westbourne, which was here open and
+crossed by two bridges, one just within the Park, and erected
+about 1734; the other, the old bridge from which our Hamlet is
+named.&nbsp; On its west side was the &ldquo;Fox and Bull;&rdquo;
+on its east a low court of very old houses, named after the
+&ldquo;White Hart,&rdquo; which, with these other buildings and
+the Cannon Brewhouse, were entirely removed by authority of an
+Act of Parliament (4 Vict., c. 12) passed March 10th, 1841, which
+empowered the Commissioners <a name="page101"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 101</span>of Works to purchase the land on
+which these tenements stood and the buildings thereon, for the
+purpose of forming a new entrance to Hyde Park.&nbsp;
+Accordingly, these improvements were carried out, and the iron <a
+name="page102"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 102</span>gates,
+which are of a very chaste design, were fixed August 9th,
+1845.&nbsp; The two stags on the side pedestals formerly
+performed the same watch and ward at the Ranger&rsquo;s Lodge in
+the Green Park.&nbsp; They were modelled from a pair of prints by
+Bartolozzi.</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p101b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"&ldquo;The Westbourne&rdquo;&mdash;Looking North from
+Knightsbridge"
+title=
+"&ldquo;The Westbourne&rdquo;&mdash;Looking North from
+Knightsbridge"
+src="images/p101s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p>Part of the ground bought by the commissioners they leased for
+ninety-nine years to Mr. Thomas Cubitt, who immediately built on
+the eastern side a large mansion, for which it is said Mr.
+Hudson, M.P., paid him &pound;15,000.&nbsp; It is now the
+residence of the French Ambassador: here our Queen paid a visit
+in state on May 12, 1854; and the Emperor Napoleon held a Levee
+on his visit to her in May, 1855.</p>
+<p>This house was at first the butt of the London wits, who named
+it Gibraltar House, affirming it would <i>never be
+taken</i>.&nbsp; This opinion did not deter Mr. Cubitt from
+erecting another, now the London and County Bank Branch; and a
+third is now nearly finished for Captain Layland.&nbsp;
+Architecturally, there is nothing in these mansions to admire,
+notwithstanding the arrogance with which they force
+attention.&nbsp; Though so gigantic, they are not imposing; of an
+unusual altitude, they are destitute of <a
+name="page103"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 103</span>ornament,
+and can only be likened to some &ldquo;tall bullies,&rdquo;
+determined even in vulgarity to lord over their fellows.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Brompton Road</span>: a row of houses
+built about twenty years since on the garden of Grosvenor
+House.&nbsp; The National School House attached to Brompton
+Church was built in 1841, in the Tudor style, from designs by Mr.
+George Godwin.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Ennismore Place</span> and <span
+class="smcap">Terrace</span>, built by Elger on land belonging to
+the Earl of Listowel, from whose second title the name is
+derived; commenced in 1848, and finished in 1855.&nbsp; Along the
+curve at the bottom of the Terrace (now called Princes Terrace)
+the boundary of St. Margaret&rsquo;s parish abuts on that of
+Kensington.&nbsp; No. 11, Princes Terrace, is the residence of
+Mr. Bonamy Price.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">High Road</span>: a heterogeneous row of
+houses between the Green and Rutland Gate is so called.&nbsp;
+They are built without any attempt at uniformity, and are
+generally of a mean description.&nbsp; Parts of the western end
+are now called Trevor Terrace, and South Place.&nbsp; The oldest
+houses in the Hamlet are in High Road: Chatham House (why so
+called I know <a name="page104"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+104</span>not), built in 1688, now a broker&rsquo;s, was for many
+years a boarding-school, and originally surrounded by a
+garden.&nbsp; Three doors beyond is an ancient inn, now known as
+the &ldquo;Rose and Crown,&rdquo; but formerly the &ldquo;Oliver
+Cromwell,&rdquo; and which has been licensed above three hundred
+years.&nbsp; It is the oldest house in Knightsbridge, was
+formerly its largest inn, and not improbably the house which
+sheltered Wyatt, while his unfortunate Kentish followers rested
+on the adjacent green.&nbsp; A tradition told by all old
+inhabitants of the locality that Cromwell&rsquo;s body-guard was
+once quartered here, is still very prevalent, and an inscription
+to that effect was till lately painted in front of the house; <a
+name="citation104"></a><a href="#footnote104"
+class="citation">[104]</a> and on an ornamental piece of
+plaster-work was formerly emblazoned the great Protector&rsquo;s
+coat-of-arms.&nbsp; Although I have not been able to find any
+mention of this place in connection with the Civil War, or with
+Cromwell, yet nothing is more certain <a name="page105"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 105</span>than that (as I have before noticed)
+our neighbourhood was frequently the scene of skirmishes during
+that contest, or more probable than that it should be so,
+considering it was the main road from the west to the
+capital.&nbsp; In 1647 the Parliament Army was encamped about
+here, and Fairfax&rsquo;s head-quarters were for awhile at
+Holland House; so also immediately before and after the fight at
+Brentford.&nbsp; At all events, Mr. Corbould, the distinguished
+painter, took this old inn as a subject; and &ldquo;The Old
+Hostelrie at Knightsbridge,&rdquo; exhibited in 1849 at St.
+George&rsquo;s Gallery, formed a pleasing and animating
+picture.&nbsp; He laid the scene as early as 1497; and opposite
+the inn stands a well, surmounted by a figure of St. George,
+while beyond is the spacious green, the meandering stream, the
+bridge over it, surmounted by an embattled tower; while still
+further appears the old hospital and chapel.&nbsp; All this is
+likely to be summarily condemned as the painter&rsquo;s fancy,
+but it nevertheless proves that an interest in the place was not
+confined to the lower orders alone.&nbsp; The house has of late
+been much modernised, and in 1853 had a narrow escape from
+destruction by fire; <a name="page106"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 106</span>but enough still remains in its
+peculiar chimneys, oval-shaped windows, the low rooms, large yard
+and extensive stabling, with the galleries above and office-like
+places beneath, to testify to its antiquity and former
+importance. <a name="citation106"></a><a href="#footnote106"
+class="citation">[106]</a></p>
+<p>The &ldquo;Rising Sun&rdquo; was for many years the residence
+of Major Eyre of the Volunteers.&nbsp; It is built of red brick,
+and on the coping is the date 16&mdash;.&nbsp; There was formerly
+much carved work about the rooms, but all has disappeared: a
+plain, old-fashioned staircase still exists.&nbsp; It has not
+been licensed above thirty years.</p>
+<p>Trevor Terrace consists of but ten houses.&nbsp; At the last,
+Mr. Pocock, the architect, resides.</p>
+<p>At the corner of South Place, which contains only three
+houses, is the celebrated floor-cloth manufactory belonging to
+Mr. Baber.&nbsp; It was the earliest one ever established, and
+first erected, in 1754, by Nathan Smith.&nbsp; The first block
+used for patterns was cut by him, and is still preserved in the
+factory.&nbsp; A woodcut of it is given in &ldquo;Dodd&rsquo;s
+British Manufactures,&rdquo; where full particulars of the
+process of this manufacture are given.&nbsp; In 1794 the building
+was entirely destroyed by fire, but restored the <a
+name="page107"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 107</span>ensuing
+year; the whole was rebuilt in 1824, and presents a remarkable
+appearance from its great height.&nbsp; At the north end is a
+clock, over which is placed a figure of Time cut in stone.</p>
+<p>The adjoining house (No. 2) was formerly called the
+&ldquo;Parsonage,&rdquo; because inhabited by the Rev. J. Gamble,
+of Trinity Chapel.&nbsp; This gentleman was in 1796 appointed
+Chaplain of the Forces, and in 1799 Rector of Alphamstone and
+Bradwell-juxta-Mare, Essex.&nbsp; For many years also he was
+private chaplain to the Duke of York, who generally attended his
+ministry at the Chapel.&nbsp; Mr. Gamble was a Fellow of Pembroke
+College, Cambridge, a very able preacher, and a highly popular
+man.&nbsp; He died in this house July 27, 1811.</p>
+<p>Of late years this unpretending house has gained a world-wide
+celebrity, having been the residence of Edward Sterling, the
+&ldquo;Thunderer of the Times.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Edward Sterling was born at Waterford on the 27th February,
+1773.&nbsp; He entered Trinity College, Dublin, and qualifying
+himself for the bar, was duly called thereto; when the Irish
+Rebellion breaking out, in his twenty-fifth year, the barristers
+resolved to raise a corps of volunteers; <a
+name="page108"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 108</span>and thus a
+complete change in Sterling&rsquo;s career was commenced.&nbsp;
+He fought at Vinegar Hill, and doubtless fought well.&nbsp; He
+quitted the bar, joined the Cheshire Militia, whence he and his
+company afterwards volunteered into the line.&nbsp; In 1805 the
+regiment was disbanded, and he removed to Kaimes Castle, Bute,
+where he cultivated a farm.&nbsp; Afterwards he went into Wales,
+and was appointed Adjutant of the Glamorgan Militia; and in 1810
+published a pamphlet on Military Reform.&nbsp; It was dedicated
+to the Duke of Kent, and went through a second edition the
+following year.</p>
+<p>In 1812 he wrote a series of letters to the <i>Times</i>,
+under the signature of &ldquo;Vetus,&rdquo; which were afterwards
+collected and reprinted.&nbsp; In 1814 he was at Paris, and
+witnessed the entry of Napoleon after his return from Elba.&nbsp;
+He made the best of his way to London, which he never quitted as
+a residence again.&nbsp; He resided at various places in the
+suburbs, but ultimately settled at Knightsbridge, a more
+congenial home with its military air; and from this modest nook
+poured forth the able, torrent-like articles, which gained their
+unknown author the title of the &ldquo;Thunderer.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="page109"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 109</span>He
+died here in the year 1847; his wife, the excellent mother of
+John Sterling, died here also, on April 16th, 1843. <a
+name="citation109"></a><a href="#footnote109"
+class="citation">[109]</a></p>
+<p>This house was also a home to John Sterling when in London;
+and here Carlyle, Maurice, Mill, and other gifted men, visited
+him.&nbsp; It is now the residence of his brother, Colonel
+Sterling; and here also came, after his honourable campaign in
+the Crimea, the brave Sir Colin Campbell, who for his services in
+India was created Lord Clyde.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Kent House</span>.&mdash;H.R.H. the Duke
+of Kent, about fifty years ago, rented a small house, to which he
+added till it attained its present size, and was named after him,
+Kent House.&nbsp; He resided here but a few years.&nbsp; After
+him, Lord George Seymour inhabited it; and in 1817 the Hon.
+George Villiers resided here.&nbsp; He was next brother and
+heir-presumptive to the second Earl of Clarendon, and held
+several official employments.&nbsp; He married the Hon. Theresa
+Parker, only daughter of John, first Lord Boringdon, and brother
+of the Earl of Morley, and died at Kent House, March 21st, <a
+name="page110"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 110</span>1827,
+leaving a numerous family, three of whom at least have attained a
+high reputation, viz., the present Earl of Clarendon, the Hon. C.
+P. Villiers, M.P. for Wolverhampton, and Lady Theresa Lewis,
+author of &ldquo;The Friends and Contemporaries of Lord
+Chancellor Clarendon.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>At Kent House (divided now) reside Earl Morley, and Sir G. C.
+Lewis, the late Chancellor of the Exchequer.&nbsp; He married
+Lady Theresa (noticed above), relict of P. H. Lister, Esq., and
+is author of many important historical and political works, some
+of which were written in this house.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Stratheden House</span>.&mdash;This was
+many years the residence of a highly respected family named
+Marsh.&nbsp; Charles Marsh, Esq., was a magistrate of the county,
+and William Marsh was senior partner in the house of Marsh,
+Graham, and Co., with which the forgeries of Fauntleroy were so
+interwoven.&nbsp; In the misfortunes occasioned by this man Mr.
+Marsh was innocently, but bitterly, involved.&nbsp; He was a very
+public spirited man, and greatly respected in the locality.</p>
+<p>Stratheden House was afterwards the residence of Francis
+Bassett, Lord de Dunstanville.&nbsp; <a name="page111"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 111</span>He was created baronet for his
+prompt heading of the Cornish miners, and bringing them to the
+relief of Plymouth, when the combined fleets of France and Spain
+cast anchor in the Sound in 1779.&nbsp; He sat in the House of
+Commons many years, supporting Lord North, and afterwards Pitt,
+by whom, in 1799, he was raised to the peerage.&nbsp; He
+supported the Tory interest in the Upper House, and, though not a
+prominent member, drew down on him the ire of the veteran
+reformer, Cartwright.&nbsp; He died in 1835.</p>
+<p>This mansion is now the town residence of Lord Campbell and
+Lady Stratheden, after whom it is named.&nbsp; The first volume
+of the &ldquo;Lives of the Chancellors&rdquo; is dated from this
+house.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">High Row</span> extends from Albert Gate
+Houses to the Barracks; part of it, in an absurd spirit of
+sycophancy, is now called Albert Terrace.&nbsp; At the west side
+of the stream, till the improvements were effected, stood a
+celebrated inn, known as the &ldquo;Fox and Bull,&rdquo;
+traditionally said to have been founded in the time of Elizabeth,
+and used by her on her visits to Lord Burleigh at Brompton.&nbsp;
+Its curious sign is said to be the only one of the <a
+name="page112"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 112</span>kind
+existing.&nbsp; At the &ldquo;Fox and Bull&rdquo; for a long
+while was maintained that Queen Anne style of society, where
+persons of &ldquo;parts&rdquo; and reputation were to be met with
+in rooms open to all.&nbsp; A Captain Corbet was for a long while
+its head; a Mr. Shaw, of the War Office, supplied the <i>London
+Gazette</i>; and W. Harris, of Covent Garden Theatre, his
+play-bills. <a name="citation112a"></a><a href="#footnote112a"
+class="citation">[112a]</a>&nbsp; Sir Joshua Reynolds is said to
+have occasionally been a visitor, as also Sir W. Wynn, the patron
+of Ryland; and George Morland frequently so.&nbsp; The sign was
+once painted by Sir Joshua, and hung till 1807, when it was blown
+down and destroyed in a storm.&nbsp; The house is referred to in
+the &ldquo;Tatler,&rdquo; No. 259.</p>
+<p>The &ldquo;Fox and Bull&rdquo; was for many years the
+receiving house of the Royal Humane Society; <a
+name="citation112b"></a><a href="#footnote112b"
+class="citation">[112b]</a> and here was brought the poor frame
+of the first wife of the poet Shelley, who had drowned herself in
+the Serpentine.&nbsp; She had lodged in Hans Place, a short time
+before, and was known to the landlord&rsquo;s daughter, Miss Mary
+Ann Phillips; hence, her remains were treated <a
+name="page113"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+113</span>&ldquo;tenderly,&rdquo; and laid out &ldquo;with
+care.&rdquo;&nbsp; An inquest was held, and a verdict returned,
+which saved her the revolting burial then awarded to the
+suicide.</p>
+<p>A magistrate used to sit here once a-week: the last was Mr.
+Bond, of Sloane Street.&nbsp; The present is the third house that
+has existed under the same sign.&nbsp; The first was undoubtedly
+of Elizabethan build; most of its rooms were panelled and carved,
+with ornamented ceilings, &amp;c.; and it was not till 1799 that
+the immense fire-places and dog-irons were removed for
+stoves.&nbsp; This house was pulled down about 1836, and the
+second immediately built on its site; this stood till the
+alterations at Albert Gate made necessary the removal of the
+business to its present situation.</p>
+<p>In 1809 the landlord, digging to form a grain pit for his
+cows, discovered six entire male skeletons, supposed to be
+remains of some who had been slain (perhaps attempting to cross
+the bridge) in the Civil War.</p>
+<p>The Cannon Brewhouse, a large unsightly brick building,
+occupied the remainder of the site of the Albert Gate
+houses.&nbsp; Formerly here stood a row of mean dwellings, with
+open cellars <a name="page114"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+114</span>in front, and at the west end a filthy court.&nbsp;
+They were all removed for the brewhouse, the first stone of which
+was laid by the late Mr. James Goding, on April 10th, 1804; at
+the top was a huge wooden cannon. <a name="citation114"></a><a
+href="#footnote114" class="citation">[114]</a>&nbsp; In 1841 the
+whole was pulled down, and for ten years the ground was
+unoccupied; in 1851 a temporary building for the Chinese
+Collection of Mr. Dunn was erected, which in 1852 made way for
+the large mansion not yet entirely finished.</p>
+<p>The house now inhabited by Mr. Murray was, rather more than
+thirty years since, the residence of Lady Ann Hamilton&mdash;the
+faithful attendant of Caroline of Brunswick.&nbsp; Afterwards Mr.
+Chalon, and then Mr. Davis, both artists of repute, inhabited
+it.&nbsp; To Mr. Davis succeeded Mr. White, a naturalist, who had
+here a large collection of wild beasts and birds.&nbsp; I have
+heard he was tutor to Van Amburgh.</p>
+<p>Mr. Woodburn, when living supposed to be the first judge in
+matters relating to ancient art, once lived in this house.&nbsp;
+He died in 1854.&nbsp; <a name="page115"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 115</span>The staircases still bear proof of
+the residence of these artists here.</p>
+<p>Captain Corbet, a comrade of St. Vincent, lived at No. 19;
+Ozias Humphry at 13; Maurice Morgann, opposite Sloane Street,
+John Taylor, the singer, Paul Bedford (for several years at 18),
+Mr. Justice Burton, and Mr. McCarthy, the sculptor, at
+17&mdash;were all residents of High Row.&nbsp; Of these, Humphry
+will be noticed here.&nbsp; He was born at Honiton in 1742; and
+early evincing a taste for drawing, was taken from the Grammar
+School of his native town and sent to London, where he prosecuted
+his studies most assiduously.&nbsp; Having, after two
+years&rsquo; stay, been compelled to return through the death of
+his father, he engaged himself to Mr. Collins, a miniature
+painter at Bath.&nbsp; But in 1763, by the advice of Reynolds, he
+returned to London, and was brought under public notice through
+his auspices.&nbsp; For some years he practised with increasing
+success, and in 1773 set out for Italy with Romney; he returned
+in September, 1777, and his fame rapidly increased.&nbsp;
+Miniatures he had chiefly devoted himself to, but now he turned
+to full-portrait painting, to <a name="page116"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 116</span>which Hayley in his poem addressed
+to Romney refers:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Thy graces, Humphry, and thy colours
+clear,<br />
+From miniatures&rsquo; small circle disappear:<br />
+May their distinguished merit still prevail,<br />
+And shine with lustre on the larger scale.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>In 1785 he sailed for India; but the climate compelling him to
+return before he had attained his object, he, in 1789, again
+exhibited in London, confirming his former reputation, and next
+year he was elected R.A.&nbsp; He was employed to paint a series
+of original portraits of the Sackvilles by the Duke of Dorset;
+but ere he had completed them his sight failed him, and though
+various attempts were made to pursue his art, they were
+unsuccessful, and he was compelled to terminate his professional
+career.</p>
+<p>Humphry was held in high estimation by some of the greatest
+men of his time; by Reynolds, Hastings, and Sir W. Jones.&nbsp;
+He is one of the heroes, too, of Boswell&rsquo;s inimitable
+biography: Johnson placed under his care his godson, &ldquo;a son
+of Mr. Paterson, eminent for his knowledge of books.&rdquo;&nbsp;
+As an artist, though he suffered many disadvantages, he ranked
+high; as a man of moral worth, and kind affections, he was
+&ldquo;zealous in good offices, <a name="page117"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 117</span>and strenuous in his efforts for
+rising genius;&rdquo; and it was to him Dr. Walcot first
+introduced Opie.</p>
+<p>Besides the poetic niche of Hayley, Owen Cambridge mentions
+him&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;But, Humphry, by whom shall your labours be
+told,<br />
+How your colours enliven the young and the old?&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>And Cumberland likewise&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Crown&rsquo;d with fresh roses, grateful
+Humphry stands,<br />
+While beauty grows immortal from his hands.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Humphry resided several years in Knightsbridge; he died at 13,
+High Row, March 9th, 1810, and was buried in St. James&rsquo;
+Chapel ground, Hampstead Road. <a name="citation117"></a><a
+href="#footnote117" class="citation">[117]</a></p>
+<p>Out of the High Row runs Mills&rsquo; Buildings, so called
+from a builder of that name who erected them in 1777.&nbsp; At
+the top, abutting on the Park, is Park Row: at No. 5, Mr. Thomas
+Cooper for several years resided; and Mr. F. Matthews once lived
+in this row.</p>
+<p>The spot of ground now occupied by the Duke of
+Wellington&rsquo;s stables, just erected from designs by
+Hardwick, was purchased by the <a name="page118"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 118</span>Duke from a Mr. Williams, whose
+freehold property it was.&nbsp; Several houses in Park Place, the
+&ldquo;Nag&rsquo;s Head,&rdquo; <a name="citation118"></a><a
+href="#footnote118" class="citation">[118]</a> and five other
+houses, were removed for these stables.&nbsp; Two of them touched
+on the Park, and were called Williams&rsquo; Cottages.</p>
+<p>At the west end of High Row is the barrack for the
+Horse-Guards, an extensive range of brick buildings, built in
+1795, and capable of accommodating 600 men and 500 horses.&nbsp;
+In the centre of the chief building is an oblong parade, around
+which are the apartments for the men, and the chief stabling for
+the horses.&nbsp; A mansion for the officers, riding school,
+&amp;c., stand at the western end.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Hyde Park</span>.&mdash;Of the glories of
+Hyde Park it is almost superfluous to speak; it has been a place
+of great popular resort since the days of Charles II.&nbsp; It
+was then visited, not as now, for air and exercise only, but was
+much used by the citizens for their sports.&nbsp; May 1st, 1654,
+a great hurling match was played before the Lord Protector.&nbsp;
+We read that on that day also &ldquo;great resort came to Hyde
+Park, many hundreds of rich coaches, and gallants in attire; <a
+name="page119"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 119</span>but most
+shameful powdered-hair men and painted and spotted
+women.&rdquo;&nbsp; Horse and footraces were also held
+here.&nbsp; &ldquo;Shall we make a fling to London, and see how
+the spring appears there in Spring Garden, and in Hyde Park to
+see the races, horse and foot?&rdquo;&mdash;(&ldquo;Merry
+Beggars, or Jovial Crew,&rdquo; 1641.)</p>
+<p>Many and famous have been the reviews here, some of them of
+deep historical interest.&nbsp; In October, 1803, as
+before-mentioned, George III. reviewed the different Volunteer
+Corps raised by the metropolis, when the total number inspected
+amounted to 27,077 men, of whom our local contingent mustered in
+force of 124.&nbsp; The enthusiasm created by the appearance of
+the Guards on their return from the Crimea, and the first
+distribution of the Victoria Cross by her Majesty in person, are
+fresh in the public memory.</p>
+<p>It is well diversified with wood and water; the Serpentine in
+its space amply supplying the latter.</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Well may the coyest of the Nine<br />
+Be proud to sing the Serpentine;<br />
+For never breeze has swept, nor beam<br />
+Shed light upon a luckier stream.<br />
+&rsquo;Tis but a brook, whose scanty source,<br />
+Hard by, just struggles in its course,<br />
+<a name="page120"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 120</span>But
+scarce has reached, slow trickling thence,<br />
+The bounds of royal influence,<br />
+When, such the favour and protection<br />
+That flows from interest and connection,<br />
+&rsquo;Tis bidden a nobler form to take,<br />
+And spreads and widens to a lake.&rdquo; <a
+name="citation120a"></a><a href="#footnote120a"
+class="citation">[120a]</a></p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Would that its waters were kept sweet and pure; how much more
+enjoyable would its ride and walks be.&nbsp; Life at the
+Serpentine in the height of the London season, and after a few
+days&rsquo; sharp frost, presents characteristics that can be
+seen in the metropolis only.</p>
+<blockquote><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Hyde Park river, which no
+river is,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The Serpentine&mdash;which is not
+serpentine,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; When frozen, every skater claims as his,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In right of common, there to
+entertwine<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; With countless crowds, and glide upon the ice.<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lining the banks, the timid and
+unwilling<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; Stand and look on, while some the fair entice<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; By telling, yonder skaters are
+quadrilling;<br />
+And here the skateless hire the &ldquo;<i>best</i> skates&rdquo;
+for a shilling. <a name="citation120b"></a><a
+href="#footnote120b" class="citation">[120b]</a></p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>As the Serpentine is at these two seasons productive of so
+much enjoyment, so it is also at the same time the source of much
+danger.&nbsp; The skater, the bather, and he who is sick of
+life&rsquo;s miseries, too often afford employment for the staff
+at the Receiving House of the Royal Humane Society.</p>
+<p><a name="page121"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 121</span>This
+edifice was erected on its north bank in 1834.&nbsp; One devoted
+to the same purpose had previously occupied the same spot.&nbsp;
+In it are beds, warm baths, tables, and apparatus of all kinds
+for the restoration of those apparently drowned, in the hope that
+&ldquo;perchance a spark may be concealed.&rdquo;&nbsp; Every
+effort of science is here exercised on the cases requiring such
+attentions; the inspection of the public is invited by a notice
+to that effect affixed outside.</p>
+<p>Some little distance north and west of the Receiving House,
+formerly stood a very ancient edifice, known by the name of
+&ldquo;The Cake House;&rdquo; it was built with timber and
+plaster, and roofed with flat tiles.&nbsp; It was a place for the
+sale of refreshments to those who visited the park&mdash;hence
+its name.&nbsp; Pepys says, April 25th, 1669:&mdash;&ldquo;Abroad
+with my wife in the afternoon to the Park, where very much
+company, and the weather very pleasant.&nbsp; I carried my wife
+to the Lodge the first time this year; and there in our coach eat
+a cheesecake, and drank a tankard of milk.&rdquo;&nbsp; We may
+imagine by the following that it was the best known and more
+visited than any other spot in the Park:&mdash;&ldquo;Comely!
+nay, &rsquo;tis no London female; <a name="page122"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 122</span>she&rsquo;s a thing that never saw
+cheesecake, tart, or syllabub, at the Lodge in Hyde
+Park.&rdquo;&mdash;(&ldquo;The English Monsieur,&rdquo; by the
+Hon. James Howard.&nbsp; 4to. 1674.)</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p122b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"The Cake House"
+title=
+"The Cake House"
+src="images/p122s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p>Adjacent to this old Lodge was the famous Ring, where the
+racing and other amusements were carried on; and where the ground
+was often dyed with the blood of the duellist.</p>
+<p>The Ring, or parts of it, can still be distinctly traced on
+the east of the Ranger&rsquo;s Grounds.&nbsp; Here fell the Duke
+of Hamilton, after his duel with the Lord Mohun.&nbsp; Swift, in
+his journal to Stella, Nov. 15th, 1712, says, &ldquo;The <a
+name="page123"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 123</span>Duke was
+helped towards the Cake House, by the Ring, in Hyde Park (where
+the duel was fought), and died on the grass, before he could
+reach the house:&rdquo; a graphic picture, and a sad one, of that
+fashionable and cruel custom now happily abolished in this
+country.&nbsp; The journals a century ago were replete with
+notices of duels fought in the Ring in Hyde Park.</p>
+<p>Turn we now from these painful reminiscences.&nbsp; From the
+Ring, we have in view the costly toy of George IV., the Marble
+Arch, which, for want of a better destination, was removed to
+Cumberland Gate from Buckingham Palace; it was designed by Nash,
+after the arch of Constantine at Rome, and originally was
+intended to have been surmounted with a chariot and horses, and
+afterwards with a classic equestrian statue of his Majesty; this
+was actually executed by Chantry at a cost of 9,000 guineas, but
+it never reached its intended elevation, and now occupies the
+pedestal at the north-east corner of Trafalgar Square.&nbsp;
+Perhaps the most satisfactory work of art in connection with the
+structure is the very beautiful pair of gates.&nbsp; They are
+said to be the <a name="page124"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+124</span>largest in Europe; are designed in scroll, having six
+openings, two filled with St. George and the Dragon, two with the
+royal cypher G.R., and two with lions <i>passant gardant</i>;
+they cost 3,000 guineas, and are cast in an alloy composed
+largely of copper.</p>
+<p>At present the erection produces a somewhat poor effect, but
+it is not fair to criticise it, seeing that its original design
+has not been carried out; were it surmounted with a
+well-harmonised group, as at first intended, no doubt its
+appearance would have been much more imposing.</p>
+<p>We have in the Park, just within the entrance at the
+&ldquo;Corner,&rdquo; the statue of Achilles, cast from cannon
+taken from the French, erected in honour of the late Duke of
+Wellington, by a subscription of his &ldquo;Countrywomen,&rdquo;
+as told by the inscription thus:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: center"><span class="smcap">To
+Arthur</span>, <span class="smcap">Duke of Wellington</span>,<br
+/>
+And His Brave Companions in Arms,<br />
+This Statue of Achilles,<br />
+Cast from Cannon taken in the Victories of Salamanca,<br />
+Vittoria, Toulouse and Waterloo,<br />
+is inscribed<br />
+By their Countrywomen.<br />
+Placed on this Spot<br />
+on the <span class="GutSmall">XVIII.</span> day of June, <span
+class="GutSmall">MDCCCXXII</span>.<br />
+By command of<br />
+<span class="smcap">His</span> <span class="smcap">Majesty
+George</span> IIII.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><a name="page125"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 125</span>We
+give a passing reference to Rotten Row, where, every evening
+during the season, may be seen one of the most animating and
+national spectacles of the metropolis; the fine gravelly road is
+then filled with equestrians of both sexes mounted on the most
+beautiful horses, and parading up and down to the admiration of
+the lounging spectators, whiling away their evening hour on the
+seats or rails skirting the road.&nbsp; This road has lately been
+injudiciously widened, being unused some eight months in the
+year, and the crossing thereby rendered the more dangerous the
+remaining four.</p>
+<p>It is needless to speak here of the Great Exhibition of 1851:
+these pages are not to tell of its beauties, its results, or the
+enthusiasm it called into play; suffice it to say that our dear
+old Park was the scene of its glories.&nbsp; We will hope that
+its peaceful memories may never be effaced from among the
+nations.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Hyde Park Corner</span>.&mdash;The
+earliest mention of this name I have met with is in the
+&ldquo;Chronicle of Queen Mary,&rdquo; &amp;c., published by the
+Camden Society, where Wyatt is described planting his
+&ldquo;ordenance over agaynst <a name="page126"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 126</span>the parke corner.&rdquo;&nbsp; The
+name properly applies to that triangularly-shaped portion of the
+Park formed by the line from Stanhope Gate to Apsley House.&nbsp;
+Several interesting incidents have occurred at this spot
+deserving notice.&nbsp; Here James I., in March, 1606, was met by
+his whole court and the House of Commons, with the Speaker at
+their head, to welcome him on his safe return from a hunting
+excursion near Woking, where it was stated he had been
+murdered.&nbsp; Here, in 1625, Judge Whitelock sat on the grass
+which grew in the road, and with his retinue ate the dinner
+brought with them from the country, afraid to stay longer in
+London than absolutely necessary, the plague having just carried
+off thousands of people.&nbsp; After his meal, he galloped to
+Westminster Hall, adjourned the courts, and quickly retired.</p>
+<p>By this road, on August 6th, 1647, Fairfax and his army, all
+with a laurel branch in their hats, entered from Kensington,
+accompanied by the House of Commons, to go to Westminster, the
+matter of the Declaration having been agreed to.&nbsp; From
+Kensington to the fort here, a guard stood three feet deep; and
+at Hyde Park Corner they were met by the Lord Mayor and <a
+name="page127"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+127</span>Corporation, come to congratulate them on their
+arrival.&nbsp; &ldquo;Lieut. General Cromwell&rsquo;s regiment of
+horse&rdquo; was among them, we are told: this was not his last
+appearance here.&nbsp; When he returned from his Irish campaign,
+Fairfax and others met him at Hounslow; and as he approached,
+Colonel Barkstead&rsquo;s regiment, drawn up in the highway at
+the Park Corner, saluted him.&nbsp; In the journal of George Fox,
+the Quaker, too, is an anecdote of his meeting the Protector
+here.</p>
+<p>After the fight at Brentford, consternation being felt by the
+Londoners at the near approach of the Royal Army, a chain of
+forts was thrown up by the citizens, connected with each other by
+means of earth works and ramparts.&nbsp; Whitelock says it was
+wonderful to see how the women and children, and vast numbers of
+people, would come and work at digging and carrying earth to the
+fortifications.&nbsp; The newspapers of the day teem with curious
+particulars of the prevailing excitement; one day we read of five
+thousand felt-makers, another of four thousand porters, then of
+five thousand shoemakers, and six thousand tailors, all to assist
+in the pressing work.&nbsp; Nor were the fair <a
+name="page128"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 128</span>sex
+behindhand; Butler, in his &ldquo;Hudibras,&rdquo; alluding to
+this, says they</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;March&rsquo;d rank and file, with drum and
+ensign<br />
+T&rsquo; intrench the city for defence in,<br />
+Raised rampiers with their own soft hands<br />
+To put the enemy to stands;<br />
+From ladies down to oyster-wenches,<br />
+Labour&rsquo;d like pioneers in trenches;<br />
+Fall&rsquo;n to their pickaxes and tools,<br />
+And helped the men to dig like moles.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p128b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"Fort&mdash;formerly at Hyde Park Corner"
+title=
+"Fort&mdash;formerly at Hyde Park Corner"
+src="images/p128s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p>And Nash, in a note on this passage, says:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Ladies Middlesex, Foster, Anne Waller, and
+Mrs. Dunch, were particularly remarkable for their
+activity.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>One of these forts stood on the brow of the <a
+name="page129"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 129</span>hill at
+Hyde Park Corner; it was a large one, consisting of four
+bastions, commanding the ascent and the adjoining fields.&nbsp;
+Four years afterwards&mdash;no further use remaining for
+them&mdash;the House of Commons ordered their removal.</p>
+<p>Dr. King relates an interesting anecdote of Charles II.
+meeting his brother James at this spot, on his return from a
+hunting excursion, and escorted by a party of the Guards.&nbsp;
+Charles, who was out for a stroll in the Park, of which he was
+very fond, was attended by but two of his Court.&nbsp; The Guards
+recognising the King, halted; and James being acquainted with the
+cause thereof, stepped from his coach, and saluted his brother,
+but expressed his surprise to meet him there almost unattended,
+and thought he exposed himself to some danger.&nbsp; &ldquo;No
+kind of danger, James,&rdquo; replied Charles, &ldquo;for I am
+sure no man in England will take away my life to make you
+king.&rdquo; <a name="citation129"></a><a href="#footnote129"
+class="citation">[129]</a></p>
+<p>Respecting this interesting anecdote, a tradition tells us
+that Charles II. was very partial to a walk in Hyde Park, and
+that at the spot to which he limited himself generally he <a
+name="page130"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 130</span>planted two
+acorns from the Boscobel Tree.&nbsp; The trees from them grew at
+the north side of the Serpentine, just where the road turns off
+by the magazine towards Bayswater.&nbsp; For many years they were
+fenced in, but one only now remains; the other, much decayed, was
+removed in 1854.</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p130b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"Oak, planted by Charles the Second"
+title=
+"Oak, planted by Charles the Second"
+src="images/p130s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p>Hyde Park Corner is now the most magnificent entrance to the
+metropolis; the entrances to the Parks, Apsley House, and, in the
+background, the glorious towers of Westminster, <a
+name="page131"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 131</span>form a
+scene at once imposing and national.&nbsp; Formerly the entrance
+was very mean; a turnpike blocked the way, and instead of the
+classic archways, paltry lodges and iron gates led to the
+parks.&nbsp; Between the lodge and park side was a dead wall,
+eight feet high, built in the reign of Charles II., but removed
+in 1828.&nbsp; The toll-house was sold by auction, October 4th,
+1825, and cleared away immediately.</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p131b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"Hyde Park Corner&mdash;1824"
+title=
+"Hyde Park Corner&mdash;1824"
+src="images/p131s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p>The existing entrance to Hyde Park was completed in 1828, from
+designs of Mr. Decimus Burton; the frieze was designed by
+Archibald Henning; the ironwork by Bramah.&nbsp; The Triumphal
+Arch leading to Constitution Hill was built about the same time;
+its beautiful gates were likewise the work of Bramah.</p>
+<p>From Hyde Park Corner the distances to the west are measured;
+a standard stood near to Apsley House till about 1827.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Kensington Gore</span> was, as before
+shown, originally called Kyngsgore&mdash;firstly, because it
+belonged to the king; and secondly, from its peculiar shape;
+gore, an old English word, meaning &ldquo;a narrow slip of
+land,&rdquo; according to <a name="page132"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 132</span>the old glossaries.&nbsp; In Kent,
+the peasantry call a triangularly-shaped piece of ground a gore;
+and seamstresses use the word in a similar manner to the present
+day, to express a gusset or piece of stuff let into their
+work.&nbsp; The early history of the Gore in connection with
+Kilburn Priory has been noticed; and here its modern story must
+be told.&nbsp; From Prince Albert&rsquo;s Road to Noel House is
+generally now considered as the Gore.</p>
+<p>Brompton Park Nursery was established during the reign of
+Charles II.&nbsp; During the greater part of the seventeenth
+century the land appears to have belonged to the Percivals,
+ancestors of the Earl of Egmont.&nbsp; Philip Percival, the
+friend of Pym and Hollis, was born here in 1603.&nbsp; Brompton
+Park appears to have extended from what is now called Cromwell
+Road to the road from Knightsbridge to Kensington.&nbsp; Various
+properties were cut out of it; but the Percivals were here at
+least till 1675.&nbsp; Soon after this date about sixty acres
+appear to have been formed into a nursery garden, the first ever
+established in this country.&nbsp; It early excited great
+attention, more particularly about 1690&ndash;1700, when it
+belonged <a name="page133"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+133</span>to George London and Henry Wise, the most celebrated
+gardeners of the time.&nbsp; Evelyn, in his &ldquo;Diary,&rdquo;
+records, on April 24th, 1694, taking &ldquo;Mr. Waller to see
+Brompton Park, where he was in admiration at the store of rare
+plants, and the method he found in that noble nursery, and how
+well it was cultivated.&rdquo;&nbsp; Evelyn again alludes to the
+nursery in his &ldquo;Sylva,&rdquo; declaring that the
+&ldquo;sight&rdquo; of it &ldquo;gave an idea of something
+greater&rdquo; than he could express.&nbsp; He speaks highly of
+the skill and industry here shown, and says the like is not to be
+met with in this or any other country.&nbsp; Bowack, writing in
+1705, affirms that if the plants were valued but at one penny
+each, they would be worth above &pound;40,000.</p>
+<p>Messrs. London and Wise translated from the French &ldquo;The
+Complete Gardener,&rdquo; published in 1701.&nbsp; They were
+gardeners to William III.; and Kensington Gardens were laid out
+by them.&nbsp; Wise also superintended the laying-out of Hampton
+Court; and Evelyn mentions visiting him there.&nbsp; After them,
+the establishment went through various hands; but when the
+surrounding fields were built on, the smoke injured the plants;
+and the railways <a name="page134"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+134</span>bringing up fruit and vegetables cheaper than they
+could be brought to perfection at here, the business gradually
+diminished, and in 1853 entirely ceased.</p>
+<p>Along an ancient wall separating the grounds from those of
+Cromwell House, a valuable collection of vines was planted, which
+were cultivated with great success.&nbsp; This wall, the contents
+of the gardens, and the dwellings therein, were cleared away in
+1855.&nbsp; The following list of owners is chiefly taken from
+Faulkner:&mdash;</p>
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1681.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Lukar and Co.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>1714.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Smith and Co.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1686.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Cooke and Co.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>1756.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Jefferies and Co.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1689.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Wise.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>1788.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Gray and Co.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1694.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>London and Wise.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p style="text-align: center">&mdash;</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Gray, Adams, and Hogg.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><p>1700.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Swinhoe.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>1849.</p>
+</td>
+<td><p>Adams and Hogg.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<p>Mr. James Gray, who was chief partner in this concern so long,
+died at Brompton in 1849.&nbsp; He is mentioned with respect in
+Faulkner&rsquo;s &ldquo;History of Kensington.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Park House, a plain but spacious mansion, pulled down in 1856,
+adjoined Princes Gate.&nbsp; It was divided from the road by a
+brick wall, part of that ancient one just mentioned, for this
+house stood within Brompton Park: hence its name.&nbsp; Probably
+a more ancient mansion stood <a name="page135"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 135</span>here; but the late one was for many
+years the seat of the Veres, bankers of the city of London.&nbsp;
+Afterwards it became the residence of William Evans, Esq., M.P.,
+soon after whose death it was sold.</p>
+<p>Eden Lodge was the residence of Lord Auckland,
+Governor-General of India.&nbsp; Here he retired after his
+return, and died in 1849.</p>
+<p>Mercer Lodge, a small brick residence, was inhabited by Frank
+Marryat, son of the novelist, and himself an author of one or two
+books of travel.&nbsp; Mr. Henry Mayhew now resides here.</p>
+<p>Immediately adjoining is a row of five houses, called
+emphatically Kensington Gore.&nbsp; All are faced with white
+stucco, are very small, and appear as if intended for the lodge
+of some great mansion never erected.&nbsp; Two of them, which
+seem to contain but one room, have, however, second storeys at
+the back, and good gardens, which, with the Park in front, render
+them very pleasant residences.&nbsp; At one of these houses, in
+1816, Mrs. Inchbald inquired after some lodgings which were to
+let.&nbsp; The landlady was too fine a personage for the writer
+of &ldquo;The Simple Story,&rdquo; and so exacting in her demands
+that her applicant indignantly <a name="page136"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 136</span>wended her way elsewhere.&nbsp; No.
+2, now called Hamilton Lodge, was once the occasional residence
+of John Wilkes.&nbsp; The house was kept by Mrs. Arnold, mother
+of his second daughter Harriett, who married Mr. Serjeant Rough,
+afterwards an Indian judge.&nbsp; Wilkes sometimes had high
+visitors here: Mr. Leigh Hunt quotes a memorandum of his,
+regarding a dinner here to Counts Woronzow and Nesselrode; and if
+we are to set down Sir Philip Francis as Junius, here Junius
+visited, as Mrs. Rough said, frequently; and when a child he once
+cut off a lock of her hair.&nbsp; Wilkes to the last walked hence
+to the city, attired in his scarlet and buff suit, with a cocked
+hat and rosette, and military boots, a dress authorised by his
+position as colonel of militia.&nbsp; The urn over the doorway
+Mr. Leigh Hunt imagines to have been placed there by him as an
+indication of his classic taste, and the supposition is most
+probably correct.&nbsp; No. 5 was the residence for awhile of
+Count D&rsquo;Orsay.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Gore House</span>.&mdash;In 1808, Mr.
+Wilberforce took this mansion (which had previously been the
+residence of a Government contractor) for his home.&nbsp; He
+found it, he says, more salubrious <a name="page137"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 137</span>than his house at Clapham; and
+writes further, &ldquo;We are just one mile from the turnpike at
+Hyde Park Corner, having about three acres of pleasure-ground
+around our house, or rather behind it, and several old trees,
+walnut and mulberry, of thick foliage.&nbsp; I can sit and read
+under their shade, with as much admiration of the beauties of
+nature as if I were two hundred miles from the great
+city.&rdquo;&nbsp; Here he passed many years of his happy and
+useful life, his house the resort of those men who awoke our land
+from the deadly torpor into which years of fearful warfare had
+plunged it.&nbsp; Here came Clarkson, Zachary Macaulay, Romilly,
+and others, to commune together on those measures which, to quote
+Channing, brought about &ldquo;the most signal expression
+afforded by our times of the progress of civilisation and a purer
+Christianity.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Wilberforce was exceedingly partial to Gore House, and his
+friends appear to have always found a ready home within it.&nbsp;
+In 1814, Mr. Henry Thornton, for many years M.P. for Southwark,
+and one of his most earnest supporters, came here for the benefit
+of the air and medical aid.&nbsp; He lingered a few weeks, <a
+name="page138"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 138</span>and died
+here January 17th, 1815, aged fifty-three.&nbsp; Isaac Milner,
+too, an early friend, who came to London to attend the Board of
+Longitude, died here after five weeks&rsquo; illness, on April
+1st, 1820.</p>
+<p>The following year Wilberforce quitted Gore House.&nbsp; He
+retired to Marden, in Surrey, a lovely spot and an interesting
+locality; but he regretted leaving</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;The still retreats that soothed his
+tranquil breast,&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>and often in after years alludes to his old home, its
+associations, and his &ldquo;Kensington Gore
+breakfasts.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Great is the contrast Gore House next presents: strange are
+the mutabilities of a metropolitan mansion.&nbsp; After the
+philanthropist, a few unknown persons held the place ere the next
+celebrity, one of a totally opposite character, reigned.&nbsp;
+Lady Blessington&mdash;for to her allusion is made&mdash;came
+here in 1836; and the opposition of ideas called forth by such
+persons seems to have suggested to James Smith his</p>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">GORE HOUSE: AN
+IMPROMPTU.</p>
+<p>Mild Wilberforce, by all beloved,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; Once own&rsquo;d this hallow&rsquo;d spot,<br />
+Whose zealous eloquence improved<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; The fetter&rsquo;d Negro&rsquo;s lot;<br />
+<a name="page139"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 139</span>Yet here
+still slavery attacks<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; When Blessington invites:<br />
+The chains from which he freed the Blacks,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; She rivets on the Whites.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Lady Blessington came to Gore House in 1836; and the brilliant
+circle which thronged around her in Seamore Place was increased
+with the greater capabilities of the new residence.&nbsp; Haydon,
+writing February 27th, 1835, says, &ldquo;Everybody goes to Lady
+Blessington&rsquo;s.&nbsp; She has the first news of everything,
+and everybody seems delighted to tell her.&nbsp; She is the
+centre of more talent and gaiety than any woman of fashion in
+London.&rdquo;&nbsp; To Gore House came novelists and dramatists,
+artists and actors, statesmen and refugees.&nbsp; Here Louis
+Napoleon, just escaped from captivity at Ham, first came for the
+shelter of an English roof; and afterwards&mdash;deep lesson
+too&mdash;a few years later she went forth as privately perhaps
+as her guest had entered, from the palace of which she had been
+Queen, to seek in the capital of him whom she had harboured, that
+support she had so freely bestowed on him; the late refugee then
+having an empire rapidly falling into his hands; her object was
+not gained, and on this occasion &ldquo;hope left a wretched one
+that sought <a name="page140"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+140</span>her.&rdquo;&nbsp; Lady Blessington finally quitted Gore
+House April 14th, 1849.</p>
+<p>Marguerite, Countess of Blessington, was daughter of Edmund
+Power, a coarse, unfeeling squire of Tipperary.&nbsp; She was
+born September 1st, 1790, and at fifteen married to a Captain
+Farmer, as brutal a character as her father.&nbsp; They separated
+in 1807, and he, compelled to go to India, died there.</p>
+<p>Being denied a home under her father&rsquo;s roof, she for
+some years lived in seclusion and study, but becoming acquainted
+with the Earl of Blessington, married him in February,
+1818.&nbsp; Then another phase of her life commenced, and their
+mansion in St. James&rsquo;s Square was the resort of the most
+fashionable of the day.&nbsp; Her beauty at this time was very
+great, and afforded a theme for the pen of Byron, and the pencil
+of Sir Thomas Lawrence.&nbsp; With the poet she became acquainted
+during her well-known continental tour, during which the
+introduction to D&rsquo;Orsay also took place.&nbsp; Lord
+Blessington dying at Paris in 1825, his widow remained there till
+after the Revolution of 1830, when she returned to London.</p>
+<p>Connected with the story of Lady Blessington, <a
+name="page141"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 141</span>that of
+Count D&rsquo;Orsay is intimately woven.&nbsp; He was a great
+favourite of Lord Blessington, whose daughter by his first wife
+was, when quite a young girl, fetched from school to marry him;
+and a promise also is said to have been given from the Count to
+his Lordship, and from the Count&rsquo;s mother to Lady
+Blessington, that they (the Count and her Ladyship) would never
+leave each other.&nbsp; Be that as it may, they lived together
+for above a quarter of a century, and increase of years seemed
+still stronger to consolidate the engagement.&nbsp; D&rsquo;Orsay
+led a gay and extravagant life in London, considerably beyond his
+means, in great measure appearing to consider his patronage
+sufficient payment.&nbsp; He undoubtedly possessed great
+abilities, was an excellent artist, and a humourist of the first
+water.&nbsp; But his conduct to his wife was cruel in the
+extreme; she was spurned by him entirely; he still pocketing an
+income from her father&rsquo;s estates!&nbsp; For a long time he
+could only make his exit from Gore House on Sundays, for fear of
+arrest, and his extravagancies vastly accelerated the day of
+retribution.&nbsp; He and Lady Blessington retired to Paris, and
+Gore House was stripped of its contents by <a
+name="page142"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 142</span>public
+sale.&nbsp; There, whatever was the cause, they met not with the
+reception anticipated.&nbsp; Lady Blessington died soon after, on
+June 4th, 1849.&nbsp; D&rsquo;Orsay designed her monument, and in
+little more than three years after his career was ended.&nbsp; He
+died July 1st, 1852.</p>
+<p>Gore House became, in 1851, Monsieur Soyer&rsquo;s
+&ldquo;Symposium for all Nations.&rdquo;&nbsp; Here that
+celebrated minister of the interior provided international
+feasts, farewell banquets, &amp;c.; and various amusements in the
+highly-decorated rooms conduced to the public pleasure.&nbsp; The
+gardens were beautifully laid out and ornamented with sculpture,
+while the interior testified to the industry and taste of Madame
+Soyer in the art of painting.&nbsp; In February, 1852, all was
+again dismantled, its <i>Baronial Hall</i> and <i>Encampment of
+all Nations</i> being sold by auction.</p>
+<p>Gore House was shortly afterwards purchased by the Royal
+Commissioners of the Great Exhibition of 1851.&nbsp; The whole
+estate comprised about twenty-one acres, added to which were
+Gray&rsquo;s Nursery Grounds, Park House, and Grove House, and
+various market-gardens, the grounds of Cromwell House, and <a
+name="page143"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 143</span>other lands
+belonging to the Earl of Harrington and the Baron de
+Villars.&nbsp; Acts of Parliament were passed legalising the
+plans of the Commissioners, and in accordance various old
+footpaths, &amp;c., were stopped, and houses removed.&nbsp; A
+complete revolution has been effected, two magnificent roads
+leading from the Gore to Cromwell Road at Brompton have been
+formed, and at length Gore House itself was doomed.&nbsp; Its
+materials were sold by lots on July 17th, 1857, and soon after
+the building was removed.</p>
+<p>Grove House, adjoining Gore House, was for many years the
+residence of Lady Elizabeth Whitbread, widow of the celebrated
+statesman.&nbsp; With Gore House it has, since 1852, been used
+for schools and offices of the department of Science and Art.</p>
+<p>Beyond this spot our description does not extend: the district
+of All Saints and manor of Knightsbridge stretch much further,
+but such parts have been already described by Mr. Faulkner.&nbsp;
+Ere, however, I quite leave the Gore, it must be mentioned that,
+among others, Carrington Bowles, the celebrated printseller, had
+a house, and died here June 20th, 1793.&nbsp; <a
+name="page144"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 144</span>The Rev.
+Thomas Clare, vicar of St. Bride&rsquo;s, Fleet Street, and an
+author of some repute, also at one time resided here.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Kinnerton Street</span> is so called from
+an estate belonging to the Grosvenor family.&nbsp; Here is a
+dissecting school and anatomical museum attached to St.
+George&rsquo;s Hospital.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Knightsbridge Green</span>, formed by the
+junction of the Kensington and Fulham Roads, was formerly of
+greater extent than at the present time.&nbsp; It was formerly
+the village green in reality, and its last Maypole was preserved
+as lately as 1800.&nbsp; At its east end was, till about 1835, a
+watch-house and pound, and Addison, in a humorous paper in the
+&ldquo;Spectator,&rdquo; alludes to it.&nbsp; Proposing to
+satisfy by home news the craving for intelligence occasioned by
+the just concluded war, he writes,&mdash;&ldquo;By my last
+advices from Knightsbridge, I hear that a horse was clapped into
+the pound on the third instant, and that he was not released when
+the letters came away.&rdquo;&mdash;(<i>Spectator</i>, No.
+142.)</p>
+<p>The greater part of the Green is now covered by Middle Row, a
+medley of very inferior houses.&nbsp; On the north side is an old
+inn (rebuilt in 1851) called after the bluff Marquis of <a
+name="page145"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+145</span>Granby.&nbsp; The soldier has been dethroned, and Sir
+Joseph Paxton promoted in his stead.</p>
+<blockquote><p>Vernon, the Butcher Cumberland, Wolfe, Hawke,<br
+/>
+&nbsp;&nbsp; Prince Ferdinand, Granby, Burgoyne, Keppell,
+Howe,<br />
+Evil and good, have had their tithe of talk,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; And fill&rsquo;d the sign-posts
+then as Wellesley now.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>William Moffatt, who in conjunction with Frederick Wood,
+surveyed London and published a valuable and clever map of the
+levels thereof, lived at this time in Middle Row.&nbsp; His
+coadjutor still lives (in indigent circumstances) in the
+locality.</p>
+<p>The small plot of ground railed in, is said, by a very general
+tradition, to have been the spot where the victims of the plague
+from the Lazar House and elsewhere in the hamlet were
+buried.&nbsp; I have strong reasons for placing faith in this
+tradition; and in 1808, some human remains found where now stands
+William Street were buried here, it being considered the proper
+spot for such.&nbsp; King&rsquo;s Row, built in 1785, has not a
+cellar to a single house for this reason.&nbsp; At its end is a
+detached brick building, the school-house of All Saints
+district.</p>
+<p>A market was held here till the beginning of the present
+century for cattle every Thursday; <a name="page146"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 146</span>the last pen-posts were not removed
+till 1850.&nbsp; A fair was also held here annually on July
+31st.</p>
+<p>Grosvenor House, which formed with Mr. Rogers&rsquo; premises
+one tenement, was for many years the residence of the Gosling
+family, who were for a long while connected with the
+hamlet.&nbsp; Francis Gosling, Esq., an eminent banker, lived
+here; he died February 25th, 1817.&nbsp; Bennett Gosling, Esq.,
+his nephew, resided in Lowndes Square, where he died, May 12th,
+1855.</p>
+<p>The &ldquo;Pakenham&rdquo; was built as the hotel for an
+intended railway terminus.&nbsp; On its site was an old house,
+many years the residence of Mr. Egg, the founder of the
+well-known firm of gunsmiths in Piccadilly.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Knightsbridge Terrace</span> till within
+the last five-and-twenty years had not a shop in it.&nbsp; Every
+house was private, and had a deep basement area in front.&nbsp;
+The corner house, now divided, was for many years Mr.
+Telfair&rsquo;s &ldquo;College for the Deaf and
+Dumb.&rdquo;&nbsp; James Telfair died in 1796, aged 84; his son,
+Cortez Telfair, died April 23rd, 1816, aged 65.&nbsp; Both were
+buried at Kensington, and in the church <a
+name="page147"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 147</span>is a tablet
+to their memory.&nbsp; It states Cortez Telfair to have been
+celebrated for his literary attainments; but what these were I
+have not been able to learn, other than that, in 1775, he edited
+&ldquo;The Town and Country Spelling Book.&rdquo; <a
+name="citation147"></a><a href="#footnote147"
+class="citation">[147]</a></p>
+<p>In one of the houses immediately facing the Chapel resided for
+many years Maurice Morgann, Esq., author of an &ldquo;Essay on
+the Character of Falstaff,&rdquo; and Under-Secretary of State to
+the first administration of Lord Shelburne.&nbsp; He was also
+Secretary to the Embassy for ratifying the Peace with the United
+States in 1783.</p>
+<p>Besides his remarkable &ldquo;Essay on Falstaff,&rdquo; he
+published &ldquo;Remarks on the Slave Trade,&rdquo; a useful and
+earnest pamphlet.&nbsp; In the &ldquo;Gentleman&rsquo;s
+Magazine,&rdquo; December, 1815, a writer endeavoured to fix on
+him the authorship of the &ldquo;Heroic Epistle to Sir William
+Chambers,&rdquo; now known to have been concocted by Mason and
+Walpole, but published under the pseudonyme of &ldquo;Malcolm
+M&lsquo;Gregor, of Knightsbridge, Esq.&rdquo;&nbsp; But Dr.
+Symmons, Morgann&rsquo;s <a name="page148"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 148</span>friend and executor, denied the
+ownership, and declared his repeated injunctions were, that all
+his papers should be destroyed, and that he never published any
+but those with his name.&nbsp; Symmons had previously said,
+&ldquo;Some of those writings destroyed, in the walks of
+politics, metaphysics, and criticism, would have planted a
+permanent laurel on his grave.&rdquo; <a
+name="citation148"></a><a href="#footnote148"
+class="citation">[148]</a>&nbsp; Mr. Morgann is one who has an
+honourable niche in Boswell&rsquo;s inimitable &ldquo;Life of
+Johnson.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Morgann afterwards removed to High Row, where he died March
+28th, 1802, in his seventy-seventh year.&nbsp; &ldquo;As a man,
+he stood detached from the general contagion of the age he lived
+in; neither complying with the vices of the great, however
+familiar or seductive, nor with their frivolities, however
+general or imposing.&nbsp; His mind was compounded of pure and
+simple elements, which inseparably mixed in his business, his
+friendships, and intercourse with all mankind; and it was often
+no less pleasing to his friends, than to the lovers of virtue in
+general, to see with what lustre those plain but prepossessing
+colours outshone the glare of <a name="page149"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 149</span>fashion, and the accommodating
+varnish of modern morals.&rdquo; <a name="citation149a"></a><a
+href="#footnote149a" class="citation">[149a]</a></p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Lowndes Square</span>, so named from
+William Lowndes, Esq., of Chesham, to whom the land
+belongs.&nbsp; According to Dr. King, rector of Chelsea (1694 to
+1732), in his MS. account of that parish, <a
+name="citation149b"></a><a href="#footnote149b"
+class="citation">[149b]</a> this site at one time belonged to a
+Benedictine convent.&nbsp; It certainly formed part of the gift
+of Edward the Confessor to the Abbey, but has been in lay hands
+ever since the Reformation.&nbsp; At about where William Street
+joins the Square stood a large detached house, formerly a place
+of amusement, and known as Spring Garden.&nbsp; Dr. King mentions
+it as &ldquo;an excellent Spring Garden.&rdquo; <a
+name="citation149c"></a><a href="#footnote149c"
+class="citation">[149c]</a>&nbsp; And among the entries of
+&ldquo;The Virtuosi, or St. Luke&rsquo;s Club,&rdquo; Established
+by Vandyke, is the following allusion:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Paid and spent at Spring Gardens, by
+Knightsbridge, forfeiture &pound;3 15 shgs.&rdquo; <a
+name="citation149d"></a><a href="#footnote149d"
+class="citation">[149d]</a></p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>That enjoyable chronicler, Pepys, too, I fancy alludes to
+Spring Gardens in the following <a name="page150"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 150</span>entry in his
+&ldquo;Diary.&rdquo;&nbsp; It must be premised that the hearty
+clerk of the Admiralty had been to Kensington, and there, as was
+frequently his wont, had had what he innocently and amusingly
+terms a &ldquo;frolic&rdquo;:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;June 16, 1664.&nbsp; I lay in my drawers,
+and stockings, and waistcoat till five of the clock, and so up,
+and being well pleased with our frolic, walked to Knightsbridge,
+and there ate a mess of cream, and so to St. James&rsquo;,&rdquo;
+&amp;c.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>And again he chronicles (April 24th, 1665) a visit to the
+Park.&nbsp; &ldquo;But the King being there, and I now-a-days
+being doubtful of being seen in any pleasure, did part from the
+town, and away out of the Park to Knightsbridge, and there ate
+and drank in the coach and so home.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Spring Gardens was at this time a name applied to almost all
+places of outdoor recreation, the appellation being borrowed from
+the celebrated garden near Charing Cross.&nbsp; But Pepys speaks
+also of a place of entertainment called &ldquo;The World&rsquo;s
+End,&rdquo; at Knightsbridge, which I believe could have been
+only the sign adopted by the owner of this garden for his
+house.&nbsp; Pepys, on another occasion relating that he went
+forth to Hyde Park, was &ldquo;<i>too </i><a
+name="page151"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 151</span><i>soon to
+go in</i>, so went on to Knightsbridge, and there ate and drank
+at the World&rsquo;s End, where we had good things, and then back
+to the Park, and there till night, being fine weather, and much
+company.&rdquo;&nbsp; (&ldquo;Diary,&rdquo; May 9th, 1669.)&nbsp;
+Again, on May 31st in the same year, he records going &ldquo;to
+the World&rsquo;s End, a drinking-house by the Park, and there
+merry, and so home late.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Congreve, in his &ldquo;Love for Love,&rdquo; alludes, in a
+regular woman&rsquo;s quarrel, to the place:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.&mdash;Pooh, here&rsquo;s a
+clutter!&mdash;Why should it reflect upon you?&mdash;I
+don&rsquo;t doubt but you have thought yourself happy in a
+hackney coach before now.&nbsp; If I had gone to Knightsbridge,
+or to Chelsea, or to Spring Garden, or Barn Elms, with a man
+alone&mdash;something might have been said.</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.&mdash;Why, was I ever in any of those
+places!&nbsp; What do you mean, sister?</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.&mdash;Was I? what do you mean?</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.&mdash;You have been at a worse
+place.</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.&mdash;I at a worse place, and with a
+man!</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.&mdash;I suppose you would not go alone
+to the World&rsquo;s End?</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.&mdash;The World&rsquo;s End!&nbsp; What do
+you mean to banter me?</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.&mdash;Poor innocent; you don&rsquo;t
+know that there is a place called the World&rsquo;s End.&nbsp;
+I&rsquo;ll swear you can keep your countenance&mdash;surely
+you&rsquo;ll make an admirable player.</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.&mdash;I&rsquo;ll swear you have a great
+deal of impudence, and, in my mind, too much for the stage.</p>
+<p><a name="page152"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+152</span><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.&mdash;Very well, that will
+appear who has most.&nbsp; You never were at the World&rsquo;s
+End?</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.&mdash;No.</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.&mdash;You deny it positively to my
+face?</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.&mdash;Your face! what&rsquo;s your
+face?</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.&mdash;No matter for that, it is as good
+a face as yours.</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.&mdash;Not by a dozen years&rsquo;
+wearing.&nbsp; But I do deny it, positively, to your face,
+then.</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.&mdash;I&rsquo;ll allow you now to find
+fault with my face; for I&rsquo;ll swear your impudence has put
+me out of countenance.&nbsp; But look you here now; where did you
+lose this gold bodkin?&mdash;Oh, sister!&mdash;oh, sister!</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.&mdash;My bodkin!</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.&mdash;Nay, it is yours&mdash;look at
+it.</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Frail</i>.&mdash;Well, if you go to that, where did
+you find this bodkin?&nbsp; Oh sister! sister! sister every
+way!</p>
+<p><i>Mrs. Foresight</i>.&mdash;Oh! devil on&rsquo;t that I could
+not discover her without betraying myself.&nbsp;
+(<i>Aside</i>.)</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>The house belonging to this garden stood till about
+1826.&nbsp; For many years it was the residence of a Dr. C.
+Kelly, who here had an anatomical museum.&nbsp; He resided here
+in 1773, and quitted it about 1805.&nbsp; The house was
+afterwards tenanted by a gentleman named Bowes; and the museum
+became the auction-room of Mr. Herring.&nbsp; About 1818, Warren,
+builder to George III., took the premises; he turned the whole
+into workshops.&nbsp; After him <a name="page153"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 153</span>came Mr. Cubitt, who, about 1828,
+procuring a lease from Mr. Lowndes, pulled the whole down, and
+laid out the ground for buildings.&nbsp; The first houses were
+erected about 1836&ndash;7, but it was not till 1849 that the
+square was wholly completed.</p>
+<p>Various relics of the Civil War have been found on this site:
+arms, spurs, bits, cockades, &amp;c.; and relics telling of a
+different kind of struggle&mdash;staves and handcuffs, evidences
+of successful rencontres between the footpad and the
+constable.&nbsp; A path by the stream&rsquo;s side ran along to
+Bloody Bridge, proceeding thence to Ranelagh.&nbsp; On grand gala
+nights such paths were protected by patrols and the more able of
+the Chelsea Pensioners.</p>
+<p>Among the eminent inhabitants of Lowndes Square may be
+enumerated the late Sir William Molesworth and Mr. Leader, M.P.
+for Westminster, at No. 1; Mr. M. J. Higgins, celebrated for his
+contributions on military matters to the <i>Times</i>, also lived
+at No. 1.&nbsp; He is thus delineated by Mrs. Gascoigne in her
+poem, &ldquo;Belgravia:&rdquo;&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Nor whilst my muse still haunts these
+favourite bounds,<br />
+Shall she forget to sing thy Square, O Lowndes!<br />
+<a name="page154"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 154</span>Harbour
+of peace, near which the troubled sea<br />
+Of human traffic roars unceasingly,<br />
+Yet enters not&mdash;though day by day it swells<br />
+Fiercer and fiercer; at the opening dwells<br />
+A man whom rage and clamour ne&rsquo;er withstood,<br />
+The well-known champion of the neighbourhood!<br />
+Him all who seek oppression view with fear,<br />
+For sharp his wit, his mind acute and clear!<br />
+With subtlest force, he wields the powerful pen.<br />
+But aims it at abuses, not at men!<br />
+Him Vestries know, and Rate Collectors dread,<br />
+For cool his spirit&mdash;hard his reasoning head;<br />
+And though a giant in his strength he be,<br />
+Yet free from Tyrant&rsquo;s love of rule is he;<br />
+And whilst men seek, and to his judgment bend,<br />
+They find in him a leader and a friend.&rdquo; <a
+name="citation154"></a><a href="#footnote154"
+class="citation">[154]</a></p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Mrs. Gascoigne, author of &ldquo;Belgravia,&rdquo;
+&ldquo;Spencer&rsquo;s Cross Manor House,&rdquo; &ldquo;The Next
+Door Neighbours,&rdquo; and other works, resides at No. 14.&nbsp;
+Admiral Sotheby, one who fought at the Nile, lived at No. 38, and
+died January, 20th, 1854.&nbsp; Sir Henry Campbell, who died in
+1856, Sir Willoughby Cotton, Mr. Tite, M.P., Mr. Brassey, the
+extensive contractor, Mr. Whiteside, M.P., Mr. R. B. Wingfield,
+and Mr. Malins, M.P., number also among the inhabitants of
+Lowndes Square.</p>
+<p>The row of houses on the south side was designed by Mr. Lewis
+Cubitt, and with greater <a name="page155"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 155</span>regard to architectural effect than
+anything of its kind then in the metropolis.&nbsp; It was built
+in 1843.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Lowndes Terrace</span>&mdash;A row of
+shops between William Street and Sloane Street, occupying the
+site of a row of old-fashioned houses, of two storeys high, with
+pleasant gardens in front and rear, giving the roadway quite a
+rural appearance.&nbsp; The house at the eastern end belonged to
+one Banting, who built some projecting shops over the front
+gardens in 1815, and named the row Waterloo Market.&nbsp; His
+expectations were not realised; and in 1823 these old premises
+were removed, and the present houses erected.&nbsp; There were
+but six houses.&nbsp; At No. 5 resided, fifty years ago, Andrews,
+an artist of some repute in his day; and at No. 6 for some years
+lived the mother of Rodwell, the author and composer; and her
+son&rsquo;s early years were partly passed at this pleasant
+spot.</p>
+<p>At the west end of this row a narrow lane, called
+Porter&rsquo;s Lane, led to the fields.&nbsp; On its right-hand
+side, and divided from it by a hedge, stood a large detached
+mansion, known as <a name="page156"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+156</span>Knightsbridge Grove, approached through a fine avenue
+of stately trees from the highway.&nbsp; For many years a man
+named Hicks, a &ldquo;sporting character,&rdquo; kept the place,
+and George IV., when Prince of Wales, and others of similar
+tastes, were led hither.&nbsp; Mr. Egg, the gunmaker, once
+erected a large wooden building for some balloon experiments in
+the grounds.&nbsp; And this was, I believe, the house where the
+notorious Teresa Cornellys attempted to recover her bygone
+reputation.</p>
+<p>Teresa Cornellys was a native of Germany; and early showing an
+inclination to music, was brought up to it as a profession, and
+soon became celebrated on the Continent as a public singer.&nbsp;
+Having accumulated a considerable sum of money, she came to
+England, about 1757; and her fame gradually becoming known, she
+was induced, in 1763, to open Carlisle House, Soho Square, as a
+place of public entertainment.&nbsp; None but the upper classes
+were admitted, and the rooms were decorated in the most costly
+manner.&nbsp; Her balls, concerts, and masquerades soon gained
+great celebrity, being carried on in a most glaring and
+extravagant <a name="page157"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+157</span>style.&nbsp; And this was not all: her masquerades were
+characterised, not only by indecency, but also by mockery of the
+most solemn feelings and principles. <a
+name="citation157a"></a><a href="#footnote157a"
+class="citation">[157a]</a>&nbsp; The lessees of the theatres
+were injured by her popularity, and stimulated the outcry which
+began to arise; and at length she was convicted before Sir John
+Fielding for performing dramatic entertainments without a
+licence.&nbsp; The opposition of the managers, and the Pantheon
+opening with a class of amusements somewhat similar in 1772, with
+the restraint imposed by the magistrate&rsquo;s decision,
+combined to ruin her; and in August, 1772, her effects were sold
+by auction, and she became a bankrupt. <a
+name="citation157b"></a><a href="#footnote157b"
+class="citation">[157b]</a></p>
+<p>The allusions to Mrs. Cornellys in contemporary literature are
+innumerable; Murphy, in his Epilogue to <i>Zobeide</i>, 1771,
+refers to her popularity:&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;Oh,
+farewell!<br />
+For her each haunt that charms a modern belle!<br />
+Adieu, Almack&rsquo;s!&nbsp; Cornellys&rsquo;! masquerade!<br />
+Sweet Ranelagh!&nbsp; Vauxhall&rsquo;s enchanting shade!&rdquo;
+&amp;c.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><a name="page158"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 158</span>This
+allusion will suffice for one view of her career.&nbsp; The
+opposite is severely described by Combe, in his satire &ldquo;The
+Diabolady,&rdquo; published in 1777:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;The ready ministers of hell&rsquo;s
+commands,<br />
+Obedient fly, and take their several stands<br />
+At Court, Cornellys&rsquo;, and the Coterie;<br />
+Where vice, more vicious by effrontery,<br />
+Fearless, unblushing, braves the eternal laws<br />
+Of God and man to aid the devil&rsquo;s cause.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>After her bankruptcy she followed her profession for several
+years at various places in London, but in 1785 was obliged to
+retire from the importunities of her creditors.&nbsp; Ten years
+after, to the great surprise of the public, she reappeared at
+Knightsbridge as Mrs. Smith, a retailer of asses&rsquo;
+milk.&nbsp; A suite of breakfast-rooms was opened; but her former
+influence could not be recovered.&nbsp; The speculation utterly
+failed; and at length she was consigned to the Fleet
+Prison.&nbsp; There she ended her shallow career, dying August
+19, 1797.</p>
+<p>Immediately beyond the entrance to the Grove stood Messrs.
+Downing&rsquo;s floor-cloth manufactory, formerly Morley and
+Downing&rsquo;s.&nbsp; It was a pleasant detached house, with a
+clean <a name="page159"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+159</span>white front, and conspicuous green verandahs.&nbsp; It
+was pulled down in 1823, and the manufacturing department removed
+to the King&rsquo;s Road.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Montpelier Square</span>, so called from
+the salubrity of its air, <a name="citation159"></a><a
+href="#footnote159" class="citation">[159]</a> was built about
+1837.&nbsp; Mr. Fairholt, the distinguished artist and antiquary
+(at No. 10), Mr. Walter Lacy (38), Dr. Morison (27), and the Rev.
+Mackenzie Walcot, to whose writings on the city of Westminster I
+owe several obligations, are among its residents.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">New Street</span>, built, I believe, about
+1773, was a new street across the fields to Sloane Street, and is
+the point dividing Knightsbridge and Brompton&mdash;formerly,
+according to the landladies, a very &ldquo;respectable&rdquo;
+street; it has in our day sadly changed.&nbsp; At No. 7, Chalon,
+the animal painter, resided; and at No. 6, the Right Hon. David
+Pigott in 1824 and &rsquo;25, while studying under Mr.,
+afterwards Chief Justice, Tindal.&nbsp; Mr. Godwin, the editor of
+the <i>Builder</i>, also in his boyhood.&nbsp; In Exeter Street
+resided a family named Perrin, one of whom it has been said was
+employed by the Duchess of <a name="page160"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 160</span>Kingston to furnish a place of
+meeting between Prince George, afterwards George III., and his
+fair <i>inamorata</i>, Hannah Lightfoot. <a
+name="citation160"></a><a href="#footnote160"
+class="citation">[160]</a>&nbsp; The Perrins appear to have long
+resided in Knightsbridge; entries of the name occur in the
+registers of Trinity Chapel as far back as 1680.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Park Side</span>, abutting on the south
+side of Hyde Park, is a part of the manor of Knightsbridge,
+although eastward of the stream, and is the freehold of the Dean
+and Chapter of Westminster.&nbsp; The Birkheads were once the
+lessees; at present it is rented by the descendants of Mr.
+Gamble, of Trinity Chapel.&nbsp; The row of petty shops at its
+east end were erected about fifty years since, the houses
+formerly extending no further than the one now occupied by Miss
+Marshall.&nbsp; The Knightsbridge Bank, a private concern, was
+carried on in Mr. W. Stocken&rsquo;s house, and these shops were
+offices belonging thereto.</p>
+<p>Just within the park is a conduit, which supplies the palace
+with spring water; a descent of three steps in the main road led
+to a receptacle for its supply to the inhabitants of
+Knightsbridge, <a name="page161"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+161</span>which still exists in another form.&nbsp; Close to this
+&ldquo;spring,&rdquo; as it is termed, the stocks were placed for
+the punishment of village sots and rogues.&nbsp; No hamlet around
+the &ldquo;great wen,&rdquo; as Cobbett called the metropolis,
+was without one.&nbsp; Taylor, the water-poet, says&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;In London, and within a mile, I ween,<br />
+There are of jails or prisons full eighteen,<br />
+And sixty whipping-posts, and stocks, and cages!&rdquo; <a
+name="citation161a"></a><a href="#footnote161a"
+class="citation">[161a]</a></p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>At No. 10 resided for many years John Read, a man of great
+benevolence of character, of scientific celebrity, and of high
+repute in the locality.&nbsp; He was born in 1726, and being
+brought up as a mathematical instrument-maker, settled in
+Knightsbridge about 1754.&nbsp; He became known for his
+researches into electricity, <a name="citation161b"></a><a
+href="#footnote161b" class="citation">[161b]</a> and published,
+in 1793, an octavo volume, entitled &ldquo;A Summary View of the
+Spontaneous Electricity of the Earth and Atmosphere,&rdquo; an
+accurate and judicious work; but it led him into a controversy
+with Dr. Peart, a writer on the same subject.&nbsp; He also
+studied meteorology, <a name="page162"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 162</span>and a journal on that subject he
+contributed to the &ldquo;Philosophical Transactions.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Other points of his history are told on the stone to his
+memory in St. George&rsquo;s Ground, Bayswater, where he was
+buried.&nbsp; The inscription I subjoin:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">Sacrum Memori&aelig;<br
+/>
+of<br />
+<span class="smcap">Mr. John Read</span>,<br />
+Mathematical Instrument Maker,<br />
+a Native of<br />
+<span class="smcap">Whalley in Lancashire</span>,<br />
+who died at<br />
+<span class="smcap">Knightsbridge</span><br />
+(where he had resided nearly sixty years)<br />
+on the 22nd day of September, 1814,<br />
+in the 88th year of his Age.</p>
+<p>Without Patron, or Patrimony, by the honest fruits of
+Industry, he laid the foundation of an easy competence.&nbsp;
+More indebted to Prudence than Fortune for his acquisitions; but
+to Temperance alone for his length of days.&nbsp; A deep
+Researcher of the latent causes of Nature&rsquo;s Phenomena; her
+vital Principle, he held in obedience, while he enriched the
+science of Electricity with his experiments.&nbsp; Pleased in the
+pursuit of Knowledge, and happy in the practice of Virtue; He was
+a Philosopher with a benevolent heart, the Father of the
+Knightsbridge Charity School; of the Free School of his native
+place the Revivor.&nbsp; He lived an Example worthy of imitation,
+and died without a groan.</p>
+<p>Thus lived John Read, and so his spirit fled<br />
+And here his ashes mingle with the Dead.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Mr. Thomas Goding, founder of the well-known brewing firm,
+lived at No. 12.</p>
+<p><a name="page163"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 163</span>The
+Queen&rsquo;s Head, an old inn next the Chapel, was pulled down
+in 1843.&nbsp; The house was once very curious inside, but had
+been considerably altered.&nbsp; On its removal the date 1576 was
+found inscribed in the brickwork.</p>
+<p>The White Hart was more curious than the Queen&rsquo;s Head,
+and retained its characteristics to the last, when it was removed
+for the Albert Gate improvements.&nbsp; Human remains, various
+ancient implements, and coins were turned up below its
+foundation.&nbsp; A filthy court ran from it along the bank of
+the stream.&nbsp; I have seen a memorandum of agreement by which
+a house next door to the White Hart was let in 1694 for <i>five
+pounds per annum</i>.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Princes Gate</span>.&mdash;Two terraces
+are so called, very absurdly. <a name="citation163"></a><a
+href="#footnote163" class="citation">[163]</a>&nbsp; The real
+gate is an entrance to the Park opposite, named after the Prince
+of Wales, and opened in October, 1848.&nbsp; It stands on the
+highest plot of ground between Hyde Park Corner and Windsor
+Castle.</p>
+<p>Of the western terrace Mr. Leigh Hunt complains that
+&ldquo;each house is too high for its width,&rdquo; and says
+&ldquo;they resemble a set of tall <a name="page164"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 164</span>thin gentlemen squeezing together to
+look at something over the way.&rdquo;&nbsp; I cannot agree with
+Mr. Hunt&rsquo;s humour, and consider them a very handsome and
+pleasing row.&nbsp; Mr. Elmes, architect of St. George&rsquo;s
+Hall, was designer, I believe, and Mr. Elger the builder; the
+eastern row was finished in 1851, the western in 1855.&nbsp; At
+No. 23, Vice-Chancellor Parker resided for a short while before
+his death.&nbsp; Between the two terraces stands</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Kingston House</span>, built about 1770, a
+large and pleasant mansion, and when first erected attracting
+notice by the conservatory attached to it.&nbsp; In this
+conservatory is a large window, representing a garden scene,
+painted by John Martin when a pupil of Charles Muss, the enamel
+painter.</p>
+<p>Elizabeth Chudleigh was daughter of a Devonshire gentleman,
+who died when she was very young; but her mother having interest
+with Mr. Pulteney, she was appointed, at the age of eighteen,
+maid of honour to the Princess of Wales, mother to George
+III.&nbsp; In the aristocratic circle into which she was now
+introduced, she soon became a great favourite, and more than one
+young scion of nobility cast <a name="page165"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 165</span>a lover&rsquo;s eye towards
+her.&nbsp; The young Duke of Hamilton was, however, the
+successful one; and the pledge of affiance passed mutually.&nbsp;
+He set forth on his travels, and she retired to the residence of
+an aunt, Mrs. Hanmer, where she found one of the most frequent
+visitors was the Hon. Mr. Hervey.&nbsp; He seems to have made up
+his mind instantly; but aware of her pledge to the duke, he
+induced Mrs. Hanmer to intercept their letters.&nbsp; The result
+of the scheme was as Hervey expected: no letters arriving, Miss
+Chudleigh believed herself slighted; and wrought on by the
+persuasions of Mrs. Hanmer, agreed to accept Captain
+Hervey.&nbsp; They were married privately, August 4th, 1744, but
+separated the day after, she continuing to fill her office as
+maid of honour.&nbsp; The dissimulation this compelled her to
+practise was probably the main cause of her after misfortunes; it
+was only by the knowledge that he would be compelled to maintain
+her, that Captain Hervey could be induced not to assert his
+claim; and her union being unknown at Court, she was still as
+much courted as ever.&nbsp; Home came Hamilton&mdash;he had been
+faithful to her&mdash;and demanded that explanation she was not
+able <a name="page166"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+166</span>(unaccountably to him) to give, offered his hand again,
+which, of course, she was compelled to refuse.&nbsp; His despair
+was excessive; inquiries were made, and the duplicity of Mrs.
+Hanmer unveiled.</p>
+<p>Unfortunately, instead of allowing time to soothe her sorrows,
+she began to drown them in a manner which showed a disregard of
+her sex and position.&nbsp; To escape the torrent of torment, she
+resolved to travel; but unwilling to go alone, was indiscreet
+enough to advertise in the newspapers for a companion.&nbsp; She
+succeeded, and off they started; but, as might have been
+expected, were soon tired of each other, and separated at
+Berlin.&nbsp; Here she was introduced to the great Frederick, who
+treated her with great distinction.</p>
+<p>Returning home, she plunged into all the dissipation which
+then characterised society in the metropolis; but again her
+husband crossed her path and seemed determined to claim her, and
+finding remonstrance useless, she resorted to the dishonest
+stratagem of tearing out the leaf bearing the register of her
+marriage.&nbsp; Her husband had now no power to prove their
+union, as the clergyman who performed the <a
+name="page167"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 167</span>ceremony
+was dead.&nbsp; This step she soon regretted; for Captain Hervey,
+succeeding to the Earldom of Bristol, by his father&rsquo;s
+death, her vanity made the rank of Countess very acceptable, and
+through the clerk she succeeded in replacing in the register-book
+the leaf she had abstracted.</p>
+<p>Such was her position when the Duke of Kingston offered her
+his hand.&nbsp; Of course such was impossible; and accordingly
+they lived together for several years, but with such observance
+of external decorum, that though a moral, it was not an evidenced
+certainty.&nbsp; Her husband, on negotiations being opened,
+refused to gratify her with the title of Duchess; but a
+separation afterwards suiting his own wishes, he agreed not to
+oppose her application for a divorce, and the necessary proofs
+being withheld, it was granted.&nbsp; She now attained her
+wishes, and was married to the Duke March 8th, 1769.</p>
+<p>While the Duke lived, the legality of the marriage was not
+questioned; but he died September 24th, 1773, and left her his
+whole fortune, on condition she did not marry again&mdash;a
+restraint she was by no means inclined to abide by.&nbsp; She,
+however, set out for Rome, where <a name="page168"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 168</span>Ganganelli gave her apartments in
+the palace of one of his cardinals, and otherwise showed her
+distinction.&nbsp; Here, however, her gaiety was soon stopped by
+news of a disagreeable nature from home.</p>
+<p>A Mrs. Cradock had been present as a domestic at her marriage
+with Lord Bristol, and, being in reduced circumstances, applied
+to the Duchess&rsquo;s solicitor for relief; he, discrediting her
+tale, refused any, on which she went to Mr. Evelyn Pierrepoint,
+nephew of the Duke, and informed him of every particular.&nbsp;
+He thereupon preferred an indictment for bigamy against the
+Duchess, of which being informed, she, after surmounting various
+obstacles, landed at Dover, and was immediately bailed before
+Lord Mansfield, preparatory to taking her trial.</p>
+<p>Before, however, that came on, an unexpected enemy
+appeared.&nbsp; Foote, imagining the case to afford capital
+material for his wit, wrote a piece, called &ldquo;The Trip to
+Calais,&rdquo; in which the Duchess was cleverly satirised as
+<i>Lady Kitty Crocodile</i>.&nbsp; Foote, whose real object was
+to obtain a sum of money to suppress the piece, contrived to let
+her know what was astir; and <a name="page169"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 169</span>the Duchess, alarmed for once most
+terribly, sent for him.&nbsp; He waited on, and read her a part
+of his play.&nbsp; She felt the sting, and rose in great passion,
+declaring his delineation scandalous.&nbsp; He denied that the
+character was intended for her ladyship, and the play was left
+for her perusal.&nbsp; An intimation was made as Foote expected;
+but he refusing the offer of &pound;1,600, and declaring he would
+not abate one shilling from the &pound;2,000 demanded, he lost
+all; for her friends interceding with the Lord Chamberlain, he
+sent for, and censured the play.&nbsp; Foote published a letter
+of remonstrance, but the Duchess making every preparation for an
+action at law, he was completely defeated.&nbsp; A paper-war
+ensued, in which Foote had the advantage, greatly to the
+amusement, if not edification, of the public.</p>
+<p>On April 15th, 1776, her trial commenced in Westminster Hall,
+Lord Bathurst sitting as Lord Steward.&nbsp; She was convicted;
+but pleading the privilege of the peerage, was discharged with a
+caution.</p>
+<p>She left England immediately, and passed the rest of her life
+abroad.&nbsp; She purchased a <a name="page170"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 170</span>magnificent estate near
+Fontainebleau, where she died, August 20th, 1788. <a
+name="citation170a"></a><a href="#footnote170a"
+class="citation">[170a]</a></p>
+<p>After the death of the Duchess of Kingston, her mansion at
+Knightsbridge became the residence, successively, of Sir George
+Warren, Lord Stair, Lord Listowel, and the Marquis of Wellesley,
+brother of the great Duke of Wellington, and himself one of the
+foremost statesmen of the time.&nbsp; He resided at Kingston
+House some years, living in great retirement, and died in it
+September 26th, 1842, in his 83rd year. <a
+name="citation170b"></a><a href="#footnote170b"
+class="citation">[170b]</a></p>
+<p>Kingston House was, after Lord Wellesley&rsquo;s death, again
+the residence of the Earl of Listowel, to whom the freehold
+belonged; and it is at present inhabited by his son, the present
+earl. <a name="citation170c"></a><a href="#footnote170c"
+class="citation">[170c]</a></p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Queen&rsquo;s Buildings</span>, commenced
+about 1770, <a name="page171"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+171</span>and was named after Queen Charlotte.&nbsp; That part of
+it between Sloane Street and Hooper&rsquo;s Court was originally
+called Queen&rsquo;s Row, the remainder Queen&rsquo;s Buildings,
+Knightsbridge, and at one time Gloucester Buildings.</p>
+<p>First, I will notice Queen&rsquo;s Row.&nbsp; Here, in 1772,
+the celebrated engraver, William Wynne Ryland, resided.&nbsp;
+Ryland was born in 1732, and, inclining towards the profession of
+an engraver, became a pupil of Simon Revenet, then established in
+this country.&nbsp; On quitting him, his godfather, Sir Watkin
+Williams Wynne, sent him to Paris, where he studied under Francis
+Boucher, and J. P. Le Bas.&nbsp; After four years sojourn he
+returned to England, and was appointed engraver to the
+King.&nbsp; He was the first person who introduced into this
+country the style of engraving in the chalk manner, applying
+himself chiefly to the pictures of Angelica Kauffman.&nbsp; This
+system he greatly improved, and in it had no equal.</p>
+<p>Strutt laments that his &ldquo;mercantile engagements should
+have occupied so valuable a part of his precious time, and
+prevented his pursuing the art with that alacrity his genius
+required, which seemed formed for great and extensive <a
+name="page172"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+172</span>exertions.&rdquo;&nbsp; He commenced business
+originally in Cornhill, but here became bankrupt.&nbsp; He
+afterwards came to Knightsbridge, where he resided till the
+dreadful act was discovered which consigned him to the
+gallows.</p>
+<p>On July 26th, 1783, he was tried before Judge Buller, for
+forging a bill of exchange for &pound;200.&nbsp; He well-nigh
+escaped; the forgery being so beautifully executed that it was
+only the evidence of the paper-maker which convicted him.&nbsp;
+Great exertions were made to save him, but fruitlessly; and he
+was executed at Tyburn, August 29th, 1783.&nbsp; A few months
+after, the stream being cleared of some of its mud, in order to
+widen the roadway within the Park, a tin box containing some of
+the unfortunate man&rsquo;s plates for counterfeiting banknotes,
+was discovered. <a name="citation172"></a><a href="#footnote172"
+class="citation">[172]</a></p>
+<p>No. 14 (corner of Hooper&rsquo;s Court) was from 1792 to 1797
+the residence of Mr. J. C. Nattes, an artist of celebrity in his
+time.&nbsp; About the year 1800 this house became the residence
+of the celebrated Arthur Murphy.</p>
+<p>Arthur Murphy was born at Cork in 1727.&nbsp; Early in life he
+was sent to St. Omer&rsquo;s, where <a name="page173"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 173</span>he studied till his eighteenth year,
+when he returned to Cork, and passed two years as clerk in a
+merchant&rsquo;s counting-house.&nbsp; At the end of this time he
+came to London, and entered a banking-house in a similar
+capacity.&nbsp; But literature captivated him, the drama
+especially, and it soon absorbed his mind.</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p173b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"The House in which Murphy lived, 14, Queen&rsquo;s Buildings"
+title=
+"The House in which Murphy lived, 14, Queen&rsquo;s Buildings"
+src="images/p173s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p>His first publication, the &ldquo;Gray&rsquo;s Inn
+Journal,&rdquo; commenced October 21st, 1752, and continued for
+nearly two years.&nbsp; But his prospects changing by an
+uncle&rsquo;s death, he, in October, 1754, betook himself to the
+stage, appearing at Covent Garden, and performing <i>Othello</i>,
+<i>Hamlet</i>, <i>Macbeth</i>, &amp;c.&nbsp; But it was apparent
+an actor&rsquo;s life he could not follow; Churchill severely
+lashed him in the &ldquo;Rosciad,&rdquo; and Murphy retaliated in
+an ode, an effusion as coarse as his opponent&rsquo;s attack.</p>
+<p>To literature he now mainly turned his attention.&nbsp; In
+1756 he produced &ldquo;The Apprentice,&rdquo; a farce, for
+Garrick; in 1758 &ldquo;The Upholsterer,&rdquo; and in the
+ensuing two years &ldquo;The Orphan of China,&rdquo; &ldquo;The
+Desert Island,&rdquo; and &ldquo;The Way to Keep Him;&rdquo; and
+in 1761 he published &ldquo;All in the Wrong,&rdquo; &ldquo;The
+Citizen,&rdquo; and &ldquo;The Old Maid.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="page174"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 174</span>In
+the year 1757 he applied for admission to the Middle Temple, but,
+on the ground of being an actor, was refused; he, however,
+induced Lord Mansfield to interfere on his behalf, and through
+this influence he entered Lincoln&rsquo;s Inn.&nbsp; He was
+called to the Bar in 1762, and eventually became leader of the
+Norfolk Circuit.&nbsp; Lord Loughborough also gave him a
+Commissionership of Bankrupts&mdash;an office he held till his
+death.</p>
+<p>The study of &ldquo;Coke upon Littleton&rdquo; was not,
+however, sufficiently attractive to wean him from his literary
+pursuits, and several plays, all of which were highly popular,
+appeared in rapid succession.&nbsp; Among these were his
+celebrated &ldquo;Grecian Daughter&rdquo; and &ldquo;Know your
+own Mind.&rdquo;&nbsp; This latter piece, published in 1777, was
+written for Mr. Harris, and was the last he brought on the
+stage.</p>
+<p>Besides these he also published an edition of Fielding&rsquo;s
+works, with a preliminary essay on his life and writings, an
+&ldquo;Essay on the Life and Genius of Dr. Johnson,&rdquo; a
+translation of Tacitus, and various others.</p>
+<p>In 1788 he retired to Hammersmith, where he resided till 1800;
+he then came to Knightsbridge, and here, with the exception of a
+short <a name="page175"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+175</span>time in Brompton Row, he resided till his death.&nbsp;
+In this house his &ldquo;Life of Garrick&rdquo; was written; he
+appears to have been happy and comfortable in it, occupying the
+first and second floors, and having a neat and intelligent
+landlady, whose interest he secured by procuring her son a
+presentation to Christ&rsquo;s Hospital.&nbsp; He died June 18th,
+1805, frequently repeating during the day the couplet of
+Pope&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Taught half by reason, half by mere
+decay,<br />
+To welcome Death, and calmly pass away.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>It was to Murphy, Johnson owed his introduction to Mr.
+Thrale.&nbsp; &ldquo;I question,&rdquo; says Madame
+D&rsquo;Arblay, &ldquo;if Mr. Thrale loved any man so
+well.&rdquo;&nbsp; With Reynolds and Burke, too, he was intimate,
+and reviewed the latter&rsquo;s &ldquo;Essay on the Sublime and
+Beautiful.&rdquo;&nbsp; At Knightsbridge he became intimate with
+Maurice Morgann; but from the singular construction put by the
+latter on the characters of Shakespeare&rsquo;s plays, silence on
+these points was bespoke in their interviews.&nbsp; Morgann died
+before Murphy, who deeply regretted, Mr. Foote tells us, his
+friend&rsquo;s death. <a name="citation175"></a><a
+href="#footnote175" class="citation">[175]</a></p>
+<p><a name="page176"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 176</span>At
+the corner of Sloane Street, and occupying the site of the first
+four houses in it, was the Swan, an ancient and well-known
+hostelrie&mdash;a place of great trade in former times.&nbsp; The
+sign still exists at No. 5, Sloane Street; and that of the
+&ldquo;Clock House&rdquo; is also the same.&nbsp; Indeed the
+latter was only the &ldquo;tap&rdquo; to the former, and the
+separation of interests has not occurred above forty years.&nbsp;
+The old house was pulled down about 1777 or 1778.&nbsp; Otway, in
+&ldquo;The Soldier&rsquo;s Fortune,&rdquo; alludes to
+it:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p><i>Sir Davy Dunce</i>.&mdash;&ldquo;I have surely
+lost, and ne&rsquo;er shall find her more.&nbsp; She promised me
+strictly to stay at home till I came back again; for aught I
+know, she may be up three pair of stairs in the Temple now; or it
+may be, taking the air, as far as Knightsbridge, with some
+smooth-faced rogue or another; &rsquo;tis a damned house that
+Swan,&mdash;that Swan at Knightsbridge is a confounded
+house.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Tom Brown also celebrates the Swan; and Dr. Wolcot (Peter
+Pindar) lays the scene of one of his coarse effusions
+there:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;At Knightsbridge, at a tavern called the
+Swan,<br />
+Churchwardens, overseers, a jolly clan,<br />
+Ordered a dinner for themselves&mdash;<br />
+A very handsome dinner of the best, &amp;c.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Beyond Hooper&rsquo;s Court (so called from its owner) Mr. J.
+G. Huck, an artist, lived at No. 11; Ozias Humphry in 1792 and
+1793 at <a name="page177"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+177</span>No. 19 (Mitchell&rsquo;s).&nbsp; At 21, Thomas Trotter,
+an ingenious engraver and draughtsman, especially in
+portraits.&nbsp; He died February 14th, 1803, and was buried in
+the Broadway ground, Westminster.</p>
+<p>At No. 7 resided Michael Underwood, M.D., one of the most
+distinguished members of the medical profession then
+living.&nbsp; He wrote several professional works, which,
+notwithstanding the advance of the science, yet maintain their
+reputation.&nbsp; He attended Caroline of Brunswick at the birth
+of the Princess Charlotte.&nbsp; Was a very benevolent man and
+the gratuitous adviser to the poor of the whole
+neighbourhood.&nbsp; He died here March 14th, 1820.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Rutland House</span>, a large red-brick
+mansion, occupied the site of the present Rutland Gate.&nbsp;
+John, Duke of Rutland, who bore the sceptre at the coronation of
+George III., and once filled the office of Lord Lieutenant of
+Ireland, died here May 29th, 1779, aged 88.&nbsp; The celebrated
+Marquis of Granby, his son, also resided here. <a
+name="citation177"></a><a href="#footnote177"
+class="citation">[177]</a>&nbsp; <a name="page178"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 178</span>The whole estate, consisting of
+above six acres, was offered for sale by Mr. Robins in 1833, but
+was bought in, and in a year or two after the house was pulled
+down, and the land let for building.&nbsp; It belongs to Furzon
+Manners, Esq., now, a descendant of the Viceroy.</p>
+<p>Rutland Gate was commenced in 1838, and completed as far as
+Clytha House in 1840.&nbsp; The remainder has been built since,
+the whole being completed in 1856.</p>
+<p>The large detached house on the western side (24) was built by
+John Sheepshanks, Esq., the distinguished patron of British Art,
+who here gathered together that choice and valuable collection
+which he has so nobly presented to the nation.&nbsp; The
+collection was removed early in 1857.</p>
+<p>Clytha House, the residence of Lord Edward Howard, was built
+for Mr. Jones, of Clytha, who here gathered a collection, chiefly
+of the early Italian schools, which was sold May 8th, 1852.</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p178b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"The Half-way House"
+title=
+"The Half-way House"
+src="images/p178s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p><a name="page179"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 179</span>Poor
+Eliot Warburton dated the second edition of his &ldquo;Crescent
+and the Cross&rdquo; from Rutland Gate; at 21 resides Mr. Edward
+Corbould, one of our finest delineators of female beauty; No. 22
+was the residence of the Marchioness Wellesley, widow of the
+eminent statesman; Mr. Albert Way, the antiquary, Mr. Cotton and
+Mr. Prescott, both governors of the Bank of England, also number
+among the residents of Rutland Gate.&nbsp; Nearly opposite the
+western end of Rutland Gate, built in the roadway, stood an old
+inn, of very bad character at one time, called the &ldquo;Halfway
+House.&rdquo;&nbsp; An unusual array of stabling, troughs,
+pig-styes, &amp;c., in a very unsightly manner, were built along
+the causeway; and over the door were several proofs of the faith
+in the old superstition that horse-shoes were a preventive to the
+visits of evil spirits.&nbsp; In one sense the charm was not
+efficacious, the house, from its lonely situation, being a resort
+for the highwayman and footpad.&nbsp; A curious notice of a trial
+is given in &ldquo;Knight&rsquo;s London,&rdquo; where the
+thief-taker stated that if not met about this spot, they should
+not have caught the robber at all: a proof of their frequency,
+indeed!&nbsp; Jerry Abershaw <a name="page180"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 180</span>is said to have been a visitor here,
+and when the house was pulled down a secret staircase from a
+small chamber in the western part of the house was found built in
+the wall, to lead gradually down into the stables.&nbsp; Many a
+villain, doubtless, thus escaped when the officers of justice
+were close upon him.</p>
+<p>The &ldquo;Halfway House&rdquo; was pulled down in 1846 at an
+expense of &pound;3,050, in addition to the purchase of the fee.
+<a name="citation180"></a><a href="#footnote180"
+class="citation">[180]</a></p>
+<p><span class="smcap">St. George&rsquo;s
+Hospital</span>.&mdash;A number of gentlemen of the medical
+profession, dissenting from the system of management carried on
+at Westminster Hospital, broke off their connection with it, and
+engaged Lanesborough House for a new institution, conducted under
+their own auspices.</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p180b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"Lanesborough House, afterwards St. George&rsquo;s Hospital"
+title=
+"Lanesborough House, afterwards St. George&rsquo;s Hospital"
+src="images/p180s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p>Lanesborough House is described by Pennant as the <i>country
+house</i> of the eccentric nobleman immortalised by
+Pope:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Old politicians chew on wisdom past,<br />
+And totter on in business to the last,<br />
+As weak, as earnest, and as gravely out,<br />
+As sober Lanesbro&rsquo; dancing with the gout.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>He caused the following quaint distich to be <a
+name="page181"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 181</span>inscribed
+on the house front in reference to its situation:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;It is my delight to be<br />
+Both in town and country.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>The allusion of Pope to the dancing propensities of this
+nobleman is curiously borne out by the fact, that when Prince
+George of Denmark died he sought an interview with the widowed
+Queen, and advised her to dispel her grief by following his
+favourite amusement.&nbsp; Not till disabled entirely by the gout
+did he give up this relaxation.&nbsp; The &ldquo;Golden
+Gallery&rdquo; around the dome of St. Paul&rsquo;s was gilded at
+his expense.</p>
+<p>Lanesborough House was of red brick, three storeys high, with
+one small doorway, approached by three or four steps to the
+centre; the new authorities added two wings, also of red brick,
+and on January 1st, 1734, the institution was opened, having been
+established on October 19th, 1733.</p>
+<p>One of those who took a leading part in this foundation was
+John Allen, apothecary to the household of George I., George II.,
+and George III. successively.&nbsp; He remained a governor till
+his death, on March 17th, 1774.&nbsp; <a name="page182"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 182</span>Another staunch supporter was the
+celebrated anatomist, Cheselden, the friend of Pope and other
+literary men.&nbsp; Some of his greatest operations were
+performed here.&nbsp; He was also surgeon to Chelsea Hospital,
+and in its graveyard lies buried.</p>
+<p>The hospital gradually increased in wealth and usefulness,
+till in 1784 the governors issued advertisements asking for
+increased aid to prevent its decay.&nbsp; This arose from the
+fact that a large legacy left by a Mrs. Crayle caused an idea to
+be spread abroad that further aid of this kind was hardly
+wanted.&nbsp; Its legacies had been a main source of income; they
+now fell off, and the Crayle bequest being reversionary, the
+income rapidly fell, and at Christmas, 1783, the institution was
+above &pound;1,900 in debt; but a third of the profits of the
+Handel Festival held in Westminster Abbey in 1784 enabled the
+governors to overcome their difficulties.</p>
+<p>The celebrated John Hunter was one of the eminent men who have
+been connected with St. George&rsquo;s Hospital.&nbsp; He was
+appointed surgeon in 1768, and always took an active part in its
+management.&nbsp; Here on October 16th, <a
+name="page183"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 183</span>1793, his
+life was suddenly terminated.&nbsp; He had long disputed a matter
+of right with his colleagues, and in an altercation he was flatly
+contradicted, when a trifling address might have turned aside the
+quarrel.&nbsp; He rushed into an adjoining room and there fell
+into the arms of Dr. Robertson, one of the physicians, and his
+life was gone in an instant.</p>
+<p>The increasing prosperity and demand on the Hospital proved at
+last that the old building did not afford the necessary
+accommodation, and accordingly its destruction was resolved
+on.&nbsp; This was effected in 1827, and the present building
+erected from designs by Wilkins.&nbsp; The old front was towards
+Hyde Park; the new one faces the Green Park, and is rendered
+imposing by its bold and massive tetrastyle portico, supported by
+square columns.&nbsp; Besides its numerous wards, here are a
+chapel, museum, lecture-room, and private apartments.&nbsp; The
+museum, so valuable to the surgeon, is not adapted for the
+public, unless to point a moral to the vicious and unwary.&nbsp;
+The mere curiosities are interesting; among them is the
+half-sovereign taken from Mr. Brunel&rsquo;s windpipe, by Sir
+Benjamin Brodie, presented by its proprietor; <a
+name="page184"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 184</span>the hide of
+the cow from which Jenner took the first vaccine matter; a packet
+of needles, which came simultaneously from the frame of a young
+lady, money and knives from patients&rsquo; stomachs, and other
+similar relics.</p>
+<p>One regular fund is yet wanting to render the institution
+complete.&nbsp; Many a fellow-creature, who is entirely
+destitute, enters here, and, when recovered, re-enters the world,
+without a roof to shelter his weakened frame, or the wherewithal
+to obtain the common necessaries of life.&nbsp; Of late this has
+been to a certain extent remedied.&nbsp; A porcelain slab has
+been let into the wall (a corner-stone of faith it has been
+called) bearing the simple inscription&mdash;&ldquo;In aid of
+those patients who leave this Hospital homeless and in
+need.&rdquo;&nbsp; Ought such an appeal to rest solely on the
+charity of the busy multitudes passing by?&nbsp; To announce such
+a fund would, I believe, ensure its success.</p>
+<p>In the burial-ground of St. George&rsquo;s parish at
+Bayswater, is a headstone inscribed&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">&ldquo;Sacred to the
+Memory of the Rev. James Clarke,<br />
+who died June 9th, 1811, aged 85 years.<br />
+During fifty-one of which he discharged the duties of Chaplain<br
+/>
+to St. George&rsquo;s Hospital, with credit to himself, and
+benefit to<br />
+the Institution.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><a name="page185"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 185</span>St.
+George&rsquo;s Hospital formed a theme for one of Miss
+Landon&rsquo;s poems.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">St. George&rsquo;s Place</span>, till of
+late years, consisted of old-fashioned houses, about two storeys
+high.&nbsp; About 1827 the first improvement was made by the
+opening of Wilton Place, and gradually these old houses have been
+pulled down to make room for superior ones.&nbsp; Towards the
+upper end, these houses were detached.&nbsp; In one of them lived
+a Captain Warner, one of the heroes of Quebec.&nbsp; About 1829,
+Liston lived at No. 7, and at No. 12 for many years resided Mr.
+Richards, a well-known London auctioneer, who died here in
+1810.</p>
+<p>At No. 14 resided for many years the mother of Mr. Justice
+Burton, to whom belonged the freehold of this strip of
+land.&nbsp; She died here in 1799.&nbsp; Her son, Mr. Justice
+Burton, resided for many years in the house at the west corner of
+the entrance to the Barrack.&nbsp; Bred to the law, he became
+Recorder of Oxford and a King&rsquo;s Counsel, and in July, 1778,
+was appointed one of the judges of Wales and Chester.&nbsp; He
+represented Woodstock and Oxford in several Parliaments,
+supporting the ministry of William Pitt, and at last became <a
+name="page186"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 186</span>Father of
+the Benchers of Lincoln&rsquo;s Inn.&nbsp; He died in Brook
+Street, December, 1832, aged 89.&nbsp; The freehold mentioned was
+originally vested in the Laremar family.&nbsp; The first one of
+whom anything is known, was one William Laremar, captain of the
+Loyal Rebecca, a ship trading to Virginia in 1676, a time when
+the colony was disturbed by the rebellion of Nathaniel Bacon; the
+use of the vessel was given to the governor, Sir William
+Berkeley, by whom Laremar was appointed Commodore in St. James
+River, and was &ldquo;maynly instrumental in the suppression of
+that rebellion and mutiny,&rdquo; for which good service he
+received compensation from the Admiralty, the secretary of which
+was then Samuel Pepys.&nbsp; From the Laremars the property
+passed to the Burtons, from them to the Coles, and it is now
+enjoyed by Owen Blayney Cole, Esq.&nbsp; Liston also resided at
+14 many years; and the next house was once tenanted by the
+Tathams, one of whom married Adam Adolphus, brother of the
+celebrated counsellor.</p>
+<p>In No. 3 of the present houses lived General Campbell, an old
+Peninsular veteran.&nbsp; He died in June, 1852.&nbsp; No. 10 is
+the residence of Mr. <a name="page187"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 187</span>Coningham, M.P. for Brighton, and
+11, of James Goding, Esq.</p>
+<p>The &ldquo;White Horse Inn&rdquo; was formerly established on
+the site of No. 11.; afterwards it was removed to the corner of
+the entrance of the Foot Barracks, but was pulled down in
+September, 1856, with three houses, one of which was
+Liston&rsquo;s.&nbsp; Nos. 15 to 20 were built in
+1849&ndash;50.</p>
+<p>From the corner of Wilton Place the row extends ten houses
+further.&nbsp; No. 28 was Mr. Blore&rsquo;s, the
+statuary&rsquo;s.&nbsp; A house which stood at the corner, and
+narrowed the entrance to Wilton Place very considerably, was
+removed about 1841.&nbsp; For many years a Mrs. Dowell carried on
+the business of tobacconist here.&nbsp; She was an eccentric old
+damsel, and so exceedingly partial to the late Duke of
+Wellington, that she was continually inventing some new plan
+whereby to express her regard.&nbsp; She sent him occasionally
+patties, cakes, and other similar <i>delicacies</i>, and as it
+was useless to attempt to defeat the old woman&rsquo;s
+pertinacity, everything was taken in.&nbsp; To such a pitch did
+she carry this mania, that I have heard she regularly laid for
+him at her table, constantly expecting <a
+name="page188"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 188</span>he would
+call in.&nbsp; With her lodged William Pickett, who lived in
+Knightsbridge the greater part of his life.&nbsp; A gravestone in
+St. George&rsquo;s ground tells his short history:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">&ldquo;Sacred to the
+memory of Mr. William Pickett, artist,<br />
+who died at Knightsbridge, on the 23rd day of May, 1821,<br />
+aged 45 years.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>I must not leave St. George&rsquo;s Place without a notice of
+John Liston.&nbsp; He was born in 1776; and his father, who lived
+in Norris Street, giving him a superior education, he, in 1795,
+became second master at Archbishop Tennison&rsquo;s school near
+Leicester Square; but thus early the stage appears to have
+fascinated him, for he quitted his situation for acting plays
+with the elder boys.&nbsp; He then went into a mercantile house
+in the City.</p>
+<p>When Liston first appeared on the stage is not accurately
+known; but the following note from a celebrated manager of the
+time appears to prove that to him, at least, he was well
+known.&nbsp; It is as follows,&mdash;<i>verbatim</i>:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;<span class="smcap">Sir</span>,</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Your not favoring Me with an answ<sup>r</sup> Relative
+to the I-dea of the Cast, I at Random (tho&rsquo; very ill)
+Scratch&rsquo;t Out, <a name="page189"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 189</span>Makes it Necessary for Me to have
+Your Opinion, in Order to Prevent Aney Mistake.&nbsp; I am,</p>
+<p style="text-align: right">&ldquo;Sir,<br />
+&ldquo;With every Good Wish,<br />
+&ldquo;Yours, &amp;c.,<br />
+&ldquo;<span class="smcap">Tate Wilkinson</span>.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>He now followed the stage as a profession, and obtained
+engagements at various provincial establishments; among others,
+at Newcastle-on-Tyne, under Stephen Kemble.&nbsp; The first comic
+part he performed was the very subordinate one of <i>Diggory</i>,
+and even in this little part contrived to throw that irresistible
+originality of humour for which he afterwards became so
+celebrated.&nbsp; I have seen the copy the actor learnt from,
+with his erasures, interlineations, &amp;c.</p>
+<p>His first acknowledged appearance on a London stage was at the
+Haymarket, on June 10th, 1805, as <i>Sheepface</i>, in &ldquo;The
+Village Lawyer.&rdquo;&nbsp; On the same evening Miss Tyrer made
+her re-appearance after a lapse of three years.&nbsp; She was
+soon after to become his wife, and they were married on Sunday,
+March 22nd, 1807, at St. Martin&rsquo;s-in-the-Fields.&nbsp;
+Their mutual friend, Charles Taylor, the celebrated
+<i>Noodle</i>, in &ldquo;Tom Thumb,&rdquo; gave the wedding <a
+name="page190"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+190</span>breakfast.&nbsp; The union proved a happy one; one son
+and daughter were its issue.&nbsp; The former entered the army;
+the latter married Rodwell, the composer.</p>
+<p>It is impossible, in this sketch of Liston&rsquo;s life, to
+notice all his various performances and successes.&nbsp; His
+leading triumphs can alone be glanced at.&nbsp; In January, 1823,
+he commenced a &pound;50 per week engagement at Drury Lane, as
+<i>Tony Lumpkin</i>; and in May, 1824, George IV. commanded the
+&ldquo;Hypocrite,&rdquo; and heartily encored
+<i>Mawworm&rsquo;s</i> mock sermon.&nbsp; It was a favourite part
+of Liston&rsquo;s, and his performance of it inimitable.&nbsp; I
+have seen a letter from a distinguished living actor, who had
+played the part, he says, &ldquo;greatly against the grain, well
+recollecting Mr. Liston&rsquo;s unapproachable excellence in
+it.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>In the ensuing year he reached the pinnacle of his fame by his
+impersonation of <i>Paul Pry</i>.&nbsp; The popularity of the
+piece was immense, and chiefly through the unequalled ease and
+skill with which he acted his part.&nbsp; His well-known
+countenance was to be met with in every conceivable form, in
+plaster and clay, in china and butter, in the centre of pocket
+handkerchiefs, <a name="page191"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+191</span>tobacconists&rsquo; &ldquo;screw&rdquo; papers, and in
+a variety of other ways, his unbounded success with the public
+was attested.</p>
+<p>In 1831 he joined Madame Vestris, and performed with
+increasing popularity until the end of the season 1837.&nbsp; He
+never took a farewell formally of the stage; and the last time he
+ever performed was for the benefit of James Vining, in
+Planch&eacute;&rsquo;s &ldquo;Peculiar Position;&rdquo; and as
+<i>Monsieur Champignon</i> he ended his professional
+career.&nbsp; It was, I believe, known to his friends that this
+would be his last appearance, and the following address was
+written by Rodwell on this occasion.&nbsp; It has never, I
+believe, been published:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Liston, farewell! for once the Comic
+Muse<br />
+Looks vex&rsquo;d and dismal, griev&rsquo;d with thee to part;<br
+/>
+And heaves true sighs from her reluctant heart,<br />
+While virgin tears her clouded eyes suffuse,<br />
+By sorrows forc&rsquo;d, despite of struggling art.<br />
+Her mask avails not now.&nbsp; Her faltering voice<br />
+Betrays the o&rsquo;er-mastering passion in her soul;<br />
+For she must lose the servant of her choice,<br />
+Who made her chariot merrily to roll,<br />
+When he the Coachman played; and not less great<br />
+As the mock Marquis help&rsquo;d her mimic state<br />
+Absurdly grave; or at his tricks again<br />
+As gay-hair&rsquo;d Figaro swell&rsquo;d her menial train,<br />
+Pompous and plausible, serene and sly,<br />
+With witty impudence, and humour dry.<br />
+<a name="page192"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 192</span>Expert
+at all trades, too, with <i>last</i> or <i>block</i><br />
+Alike to <i>comb</i> or <i>cobble</i> wig or sock;<br />
+This he exactly fitted to her toe,<br />
+In walk, or jig, or gallopade to go;<br />
+And that so quaintly, whimsically curl&rsquo;d,<br />
+It grew the merry wonder of the world.<br />
+Ney, just to keep the top or sole together,<br />
+He&rsquo;d patch the Sock ev&rsquo;n with the Buskin&rsquo;s
+leather,<br />
+That she might follow in her sister&rsquo;s path<br />
+With pewter poison-pot, and dirk of lath;<br />
+While he stalk&rsquo;d on in Dollabella&rsquo;s train,<br />
+A lord, of whom the Court might well be vain.<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; Our tears, O Liston! must with hers be blended<br />
+To see, too soon, thy comic labours ended.<br />
+And haply, oft when other servants bear<br />
+Some mawkish viand of our bill of fare,<br />
+Oft shall we turn dissatisfied, and wish<br />
+For Liston&rsquo;s sauce, to help th&rsquo; insipid dish;<br />
+Whose very look and air were quite enough<br />
+To win our favour for the cook&rsquo;s worst stuff.<br />
+Or, if the dish be good, provoked to see<br />
+Some clumsy serving-man instead of thee.<br />
+How shall we think, regretful of thy merit,<br />
+Who served up all with such bewitching spirit,<br />
+As made the best seem better, and the cook<br />
+To thee beholden, more than to his book,<br />
+However puff&rsquo;d by papers, or by rumour:&mdash;<br />
+Thou great Original in comic humour!&rdquo;</p>
+<p>31st May, 1837.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Nor was this the only tribute Liston received; numerous were
+the attempts made to induce him to alter his decision, but he was
+inflexible, and it remained irrevocable.&nbsp; One of several
+letters I have seen I include here, notwithstanding <a
+name="page193"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 193</span>its writer
+is living; but he cannot regret to see a letter given to the
+world showing such ability and excellent feeling.&nbsp; It is as
+follows:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: right">T. R. C. G., Dec. 18,
+1839.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">My Dear Mr. Liston</span>,&mdash;My mother
+has told me of one or two half-laughing conversations she has had
+with you, on the subject of your delighting the public with a few
+performances.&nbsp; Jest sometimes leads to earnest, and, on the
+principle of never throwing away a good chance, I venture to send
+you this to say, that should such a joyful occurrence be within
+the verge of possibility at any time, you may consider yourself
+King of Covent Garden; act when you please, what you please, and
+as long as you please; stop when you please, take what money you
+please, and be sure that, do whatever you please, you cannot fail
+to please.&nbsp; More than this I cannot say, except that you
+shall be allowed to sweeten your own tea, and, when you are too
+late for rehearsal, beat the prompter.&nbsp; In plain English,
+and in sober earnest, if you will make up your mind to gratify us
+by playing a few of your old parts, everything that mortals can
+do to make you comfortable <a name="page194"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 194</span>and happy shall be done, and we
+shall be most proud in being the caterers of a national
+treat.</p>
+<p>I will not bore you more&mdash;only say the word, and we are
+&ldquo;at your feet.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Ever yours, with kind regards to Mrs. Liston, very truly and
+very faithfully,</p>
+<p style="text-align: right">C. J. <span
+class="smcap">Mathews</span>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Liston wrote a copy of his answer on the fly-leaf of this
+letter as follows:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p><span class="smcap">My Dear Mr.
+Mathews</span>,&mdash;Notwithstanding the skill you exhibit in
+endeavouring to arouse my dormant vanity, be assured, once for
+all, it cannot prevail to overcome the unalterable determination
+I came to when I quitted the stage, never to reappear
+professionally before the public.&nbsp; Not only should I
+consider my reassuming the cap and bells, at my advanced age, a
+moral indecorum; my decaying strength also would render the
+experiment too hazardous, and I have no doubt were Mr. Wakley the
+coroner to have to preside at an inquest on my remains, he
+would&mdash;as he did the other day, in the case of a poor old
+woman who drank herself to death&mdash;suggest to the jury the
+propriety of returning a verdict of <i>Felo-de-se</i>.</p>
+<p><a name="page195"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+195</span>Accept, however, my very grateful thanks for your
+liberal proposal, as well as for the terms in which the offer has
+been conveyed; they bring back a pleasing remembrance of the
+position we stood in to each other a few years back, to which,
+though for a time interrupted, I trust we are once again happily
+restored.</p>
+<p>Mrs. Liston joins me in sincere hopes for the continual
+prosperity of you and yours, and believe me (once again my
+<i>dear</i> Charles),</p>
+<p style="text-align: right">Your friend and well wisher,<br />
+J. <span class="smcap">Liston</span>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>This correspondence, so interesting and so creditable to both
+parties, shows Liston to have had a kind heart and joyous
+disposition, and that such can exist with the highest notions of
+moral responsibility.&nbsp; Liston&rsquo;s private life was
+retired and becoming, the love of literature, acquired early,
+never left him; few persons were greater students than he, and
+his knowledge of the Scriptures is said to have been very
+extensive.</p>
+<p>The illness which terminated his life first attacked him four
+years previously, in the form of apoplexy.&nbsp; The last attack
+came on suddenly, on March 16th, 1846, and he never <a
+name="page196"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 196</span>spoke
+again.&nbsp; He lingered till the ensuing Sunday, when he died in
+the arms of his wife.&nbsp; That same day, and almost that same
+hour (half-past ten), thirty-nine years previously, and <i>on a
+Sunday too</i>, she had sworn &ldquo;to love and to cherish till
+death should them part,&rdquo; and thus literally she fulfilled
+her vow.</p>
+<p>He lies at Kensal Green; over his grave rises a column,
+bearing the following inscription:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Sacred to the Memory of John Liston, who
+died March 22nd, 1846, aged 73.&nbsp; He lived many years an
+ornament to his profession, and died much respected and
+regretted.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Mrs. Liston survived her husband eight years.&nbsp; Born about
+1780, she became a pupil of Kelly, and made her first London
+appearance in 1800.&nbsp; She was always a favourite with the
+public, the very appropriate part of <i>Queen Dolabella</i>, in
+&ldquo;Tom Thumb,&rdquo; being generally considered her
+best.&nbsp; She died at No. 28, Brompton Square, whither she
+removed from Knightsbridge, September 19th, 1854.</p>
+<p>Behind St. George&rsquo;s Place was formerly a foot-barrack,
+established about 1758.&nbsp; It continued to be used as a depot
+until 1835 or 1836, when Government sold the remainder of their
+<a name="page197"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+197</span>lease.&nbsp; On part of the drill ground St.
+Paul&rsquo;s Church is built, and the barracks are let out as
+tenements.&nbsp; Over a portion of its parade-ground Mr. Dunn
+built the St. George&rsquo;s Gallery, for his &ldquo;Chinese
+Collection;&rdquo; the &ldquo;Exhibition of Modern Art&rdquo; was
+also, with other attractions, located here; among them Mr. Gordon
+Cumming, with the relics of his African exploits.&nbsp; The lease
+of this property is just expiring, and various improvements are
+contemplated.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Tattersall&rsquo;s</span>.&mdash;Richard
+Tattersall, founder of this well-known establishment, was born in
+1723.&nbsp; He became training-groom to the last Duke of
+Kingston, after whose death, I presume, he started on his own
+account at Hyde Park Corner, as I find he sold off the
+Duke&rsquo;s stud, and an injunction was applied for, December
+14th, 1774, to prevent payment of the money to the Duchess, then
+under indictment.&nbsp; In 1775 frequent advertisements of
+Tattersall&rsquo;s show that his business rapidly progressed, and
+his establishment soon became the head-quarters of the sporting
+world.&nbsp; That it early gained an aristocratic fame is proved
+by <a name="page198"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 198</span>the
+allusion in &ldquo;The Belle&rsquo;s Stratagem,&rdquo; first
+performed in 1782:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;<i>Flutter</i>: Oh, yes! I stopped at
+Tattersall&rsquo;s as I came by, and there I found Lord James
+Jessamy, Sir William Wilding, and Mr. &mdash;.&nbsp; But, now I
+think of it, you sha&rsquo;nt know a syllable of the matter; for
+I have been informed you never believe above one-half of what I
+say.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Richard Tattersall died February 20th, 1795, aged 72.&nbsp;
+Two portraits of him are still in his descendants&rsquo;
+possession; from one of them a portrait in &ldquo;Knight&rsquo;s
+London&rdquo; is engraved. <a name="citation198"></a><a
+href="#footnote198" class="citation">[198]</a>&nbsp; He was
+succeeded in his business by his only son, Edmund, who carried it
+on until his death, January 23rd, 1810.&nbsp; His son, Edmund,
+who founded the foreign trade, then succeeded; who dying December
+11th, 1851, the business came to its present proprietors.</p>
+<p>The entrance to Tattersall&rsquo;s is from Grosvenor Place,
+down a deep descent under an unpretending archway.&nbsp; At the
+bottom is a tavern, bearing the appropriate sign of &ldquo;The
+Turf,&rdquo; opposite to which is a gateway, leading into a
+circular-shaped inclosure, on the skirt of which <a
+name="page199"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 199</span>is a gravel
+path encircling a grass-plot, from the centre of which rises a
+solitary tree; here the horses are tried and examined.&nbsp; The
+subscription room&mdash;a well proportioned one&mdash;was
+designed by Mr. George Tattersall, author of &ldquo;Sporting
+Architecture.&rdquo;&nbsp; Over the mantelpiece of the
+counting-house hang the regulations, dated 1780.&nbsp; In the
+courtyard is a domed structure surmounted by a bust of George IV.
+in his eighteenth year, at which period of life he was a frequent
+visitor.&nbsp; Beneath this dome is a pump, surmounted by the
+figure of a fox.&nbsp; A writer in the &ldquo;Sporting
+Magazine&rdquo; (June, 1852) stated that
+&ldquo;Tattersall&rsquo;s annual average of horses brought to the
+hammer, is estimated at &pound;45,000,&rdquo; and that he
+believed &ldquo;there were 97 stalls, and 13 loose boxes, or
+standing for 110.&rdquo;&nbsp; The chief business days are
+Mondays and Thursdays.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Trevor Square</span>, so named from Sir
+John Trevor, who had a house on its site, was built about
+1818.&nbsp; The freehold is still that of his descendant, Lord
+Duncannon; hence the names to be met with here are derived, such
+as Hill Street, Arthur Street, Duncannon Cottage, &amp;c.</p>
+<p>At No. 1 in the square lived the notorious <a
+name="page200"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 200</span>Harriette
+Wilson; and Mrs. Andr&eacute;e, a descendant of the Umfreville,
+whom William the Conqueror styled his kinsman, died here in
+1836.</p>
+<p>Trevor Chapel, one of the largest places of worship in the
+metropolis, belonging to the Independents, was built about 1817,
+under the ministry of the Rev. John Morrison, D.D.&nbsp; He is
+still its nominal minister, but his great age and infirmities
+preclude any active duty.&nbsp; The officiating pastor is the
+Rev. John Statham.&nbsp; Dr. Morrison is beloved not only by his
+congregation, but by the whole community of London
+Dissenters.&nbsp; He is known also as the author of several
+theological works, the best of which is a &ldquo;Commentary on
+the Psalms.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>In the last century a portion of the land about this part was
+rented by a French Protestant refugee family, named Moreau, of
+which General Moreau was a member.&nbsp; They returned to France
+about eighty years since. <a name="citation200"></a><a
+href="#footnote200" class="citation">[200]</a></p>
+<p>All this land one hundred and fifty years ago was the property
+of Sir John Trevor, many years Master of the Rolls.&nbsp; He was
+second son <a name="page201"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+201</span>of John Trevor, of Bynkinsalt, Denbighshire, Esq., by
+an aunt of the infamous Chancellor Jeffreys, and was born about
+1638.&nbsp; After a very lowly education, he was taken by a
+relative, Arthur Trevor, a barrister, as his clerk.&nbsp; Here he
+assiduously applied himself to the study of the law, and
+afterwards entered the Inner Temple, and was called to the
+bar.&nbsp; His advancement was very rapid, for, entering the
+House of Commons, he upheld the Royal Prerogative to an extreme,
+denying the right of Parliament to inquire into its
+exercise.&nbsp; He took a prominent part in the unjust
+prosecution of the unfortunate Lord Strafford, and strenuously
+defended Jeffreys when he obstructed the right of petitioning in
+the great controversy between the <i>Petitioners</i> and
+<i>Abhorrers</i>.</p>
+<p>When James II. called his only Parliament in May, 1685,
+Trevor, who sat for Denbigh, was, through the Government
+influence, elected Speaker. <a name="citation201"></a><a
+href="#footnote201" class="citation">[201]</a>&nbsp; The new
+Parliament, however, did not suit James, and at the commencement
+of a second session was dissolved.&nbsp; Trevor&rsquo;s
+obsequiousness was rewarded with the Mastership of the Rolls, an
+office to which he was appointed <a name="page202"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 202</span>October 20th, 1685.&nbsp; It is said
+he aimed now at the Chancellorship, and, with that object,
+endeavoured to injure Jeffreys by aiding the outcry against him
+on the occasion of the shameless case of Alderman Cornish.</p>
+<p>In July, 1688, Trevor was sworn of the Privy Council; but
+William of Orange soon after landing, with characteristic
+meanness he held aloof, but when James returned after his first
+flight, imagining a reaction was come, declared in his favour;
+his hopes proved transitory, and he therefore joined the High
+Tories, who wished to make William Regent only.&nbsp; He,
+however, was declared King, and Trevor was removed from the
+Rolls.</p>
+<p>In 1690 a new Parliament was called, and Trevor joined the
+more moderate of the two sections into which his party was
+divided; and having offered to support the new King, and also
+bring over partisans from the opposite camp, if restored to the
+Speaker&rsquo;s chair, his proposal was agreed to; and so well
+did he perform his part, that William in a few weeks appointed
+him First Commissioner of the Great Seal, he still retaining the
+Speakership, and in less than two years, his successor at the
+Rolls <a name="page203"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+203</span>dying, he was restored to that position also.&nbsp; But
+great inconvenience resulted, and on May 2nd, 1693, the Great
+Seal was given to Somers.</p>
+<p>In 1694 a great agitation was manifested in the House of
+Commons, in the belief that the Court, and even the House itself,
+was tainted with bribery.&nbsp; A committee was appointed, and on
+the 12th March, 1695, Mr. Foley, the chairman, read its report,
+which implicated Trevor; and a debate arising, a resolution was
+proposed &ldquo;That Sir John Trevor, Speaker of this House,
+receiving a gratuity of 1,000 guineas from the City of London,
+after passing of the Orphans&rsquo; Bill, is guilty of a high
+crime and misdemeanour.&rdquo;&nbsp; This motion Trevor had the
+mortification to put from the chair, and the unparalleled
+humiliation of declaring it unanimously carried.&nbsp; The House
+immediately adjourned, and two days after he resigned the chair,
+and on the 16th a motion for his expulsion from the House was
+carried, and a new writ issued for the borough he represented. <a
+name="citation203"></a><a href="#footnote203"
+class="citation">[203]</a>&nbsp; He was, strangely enough,
+permitted to retain <a name="page204"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 204</span>his Mastership of the Rolls, and no
+further proceedings were taken against him.&nbsp; The rest of his
+life he wisely spent in his judicial office, never again
+withdrawing from it for politics.&nbsp; He died at his house in
+Chancery Lane, May 20th, 1717, and was buried in the Rolls
+Chapel.</p>
+<p>Trevor&rsquo;s character, on the whole, is but a poor one; a
+selfish ambition appears to have made him consider the end, and
+not the means, the chief object of his care.</p>
+<p>His circumstances, doubtless, compelled him to practise a
+rigid economy, which, as he advanced in years and position, grew
+into meanness.&nbsp; But it would be unjust not to mention the
+redeeming points in his career.&nbsp; Lord Campbell states that
+&ldquo;he was not only an upright but an enlightened judge, and
+he pronounced many decrees which to this day are considered of
+high authority.&rdquo;&nbsp; No charge of bribery or favouritism
+was ever brought against him in the fulfilment of his judicial
+duties.&nbsp; &ldquo;He had a villa at Knightsbridge,&rdquo; says
+Lord Campbell, &ldquo;then almost a day&rsquo;s journey from
+London, and he has been absurdly censured for occasionally
+hearing cases at his private <a name="page205"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 205</span>residence, a practice all equity
+judges sometimes must necessarily follow.&rdquo;&nbsp; And
+notwithstanding his niggardly disposition he founded six
+almshouses in St. Martin&rsquo;s parish, Shropshire, and provided
+also several other charities.&nbsp; He left issue an only
+daughter, Anne, who married Michael Hill, of Hillsborough,
+Esquire, who had two sons&mdash;Trevor, who became heir to the
+Hills, and was ancestor of the Marquis of Downshire, and Arthur,
+who inherited this property, assumed the name of Trevor, and was,
+April 27th, 1765, raised to the peerage as Viscount Duncannon;
+and from him the present freeholder is descended.</p>
+<p>William Street was built about 1830.&nbsp; At No. 11 resided
+for many years Lady Morgan, whose works occupy too distinguished
+a place in our literature to need mention here.&nbsp; Mrs.
+Gascoigne, in her poem, &ldquo;Belgravia,&rdquo; after sketching
+the portrait of Mr. Higgins, as before given, describes Lady
+Morgan as follows:</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Nor his the only pen Belgravia&rsquo;s
+bounds<br />
+Can boast, whose glory far and wide resounds!<br />
+Endowed with manly powers, a woman&rsquo;s quill<br />
+Can treat and master every theme at will;<br />
+And in her wisdom&rsquo;s energetic scope,<br />
+Put down a <i>Wiseman</i>, and unchair a <i>Pope</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><a name="page206"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 206</span>The
+last line alludes to the controversy so cleverly sustained by her
+ladyship, as to the genuineness of St. Peter&rsquo;s
+Chair&mdash;a paper war, forming a capital chapter for a future
+Disraeli, and the only amusing episode connected with the Papal
+Aggression of 1851.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Wilton Crescent</span> was commenced in
+1826 by Mr. Seth Smith.&nbsp; At No. 24 for many years lived Mr.
+Hallam, the celebrated historian.&nbsp; Here the great
+<i>literati</i> of our times were wont to meet, for Mr.
+Hallam&rsquo;s assemblies were of the most celebrated and
+intellectual.&nbsp; At No. 16 the late Lord Dudley Stuart once
+resided; it is now the residence of Mr. Richardson.&nbsp; No. 20
+is the town-house of the Earl of Winchelsea, the
+&ldquo;Protestant Earl;&rdquo; 39 was the residence of the Rev.
+W. Bennett; and 30 of Lord John Russell, before his removal to
+Chesham Place.&nbsp; Mr. Baron Watson resides at 38; and Mr.
+Milner Gibson at No. 50.&nbsp; Lord Chewton, who so gallantly
+fell in leading his men at the Battle of Alma, lived at 37.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Wilton Place</span>, occupying the site of
+a cow-yard, into which there was a narrow entrance from the main
+road, was built in 1827.&nbsp; At No. 15 Sir James Macdonald, the
+gallant defender <a name="page207"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+207</span>of Hougoumont, lived, and died there in May, 1857; also
+the Hon. Thomas Stapleton, an antiquary, at 13; Mr. Westmacott at
+21.&nbsp; The Chisholm used to occupy 35; and Miss Reynolds, the
+actress, still resides at No. 4.</p>
+<p>With Wilton Place these notices of Knightsbridge (proper)
+close; mention of those eminent persons whose <i>locale</i>
+cannot be traced will, I think, appropriately finish this
+chapter.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Richard Bensley</span>, the celebrated
+actor of the last century, resided the latter part of his life at
+Knightsbridge.&nbsp; Appearing for the first time, in 1765, as
+<i>Pierre</i> in &ldquo;Venice Preserved,&rdquo; he maintained a
+good reputation as an actor for a lengthened period, not quitting
+the stage till May 6th, 1796.&nbsp; He had the honour to deliver
+Johnson&rsquo;s prologue to Goldsmith&rsquo;s &ldquo;Good-Natured
+Man;&rdquo; and as <i>Pierre</i>, <i>Iago</i>, and
+<i>Hotspur</i>, his fame stood high among his
+contemporaries.&nbsp; He was appointed barrack-master at
+Knightsbridge (he had in early life been in the army), which
+appointment he held till his death in 1817.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Thomas Harrison</span>, a poet, a friend
+of Addison and Swift&mdash;&ldquo;my own creature,&rdquo; the
+latter calls him&mdash;who brought over the celebrated <a
+name="page208"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 208</span>Treaty of
+Utrecht, died at Knightsbridge, on February 14th, 1713.&nbsp; He
+was a <i>prot&eacute;g&eacute;</i> of Swift, who describes him,
+in 1710, as &ldquo;a young fellow we are all fond of; a little
+pretty fellow, with a great deal of wit, good sense, and good
+nature.&rdquo;&nbsp; He was then tutor to a son of the Duke of
+Queensbury on <i>forty pounds a year</i>; Swift introduced him to
+the Ministry, and he was sent out as Secretary to the Embassy to
+arrange the Peace of Utrecht, St. John presenting him with fifty
+guineas to bear his expenses.&nbsp; Less than two years had
+elapsed on February 11th, 1713, when Swift, returning from a
+dinner, found a letter on his table from Harrison, telling him he
+was ill, and desired to see him.&nbsp; He went in the morning,
+found him suffering from fever and inflammation, harassed and
+penniless; got thirty guineas for him from Bolingbroke, and a
+Treasury order for &pound;100 of his arrears of salary.&nbsp; He
+then removed him to Knightsbridge for change of air.&nbsp; On
+February 14th, Swift writes,&mdash;&ldquo;I took Parnell (the
+poet) this morning, and we walked to see poor Harrison.&nbsp; I
+had the &pound;100 in my pocket.&nbsp; I told Parnell I was
+afraid to knock at the door.&nbsp; My mind misgave me.&nbsp; I
+knocked, <a name="page209"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+209</span>and his man, in tears, told me his master was dead an
+hour before.&rdquo;&nbsp; Swift seems to have loved Harrison, and
+felt his loss acutely.&nbsp; &ldquo;Think,&rdquo; he says,
+&ldquo;what grief this is to me!&nbsp; I went to his mother, and
+have been ordering things for his funeral with as little cost as
+possible, to-morrow at ten at night.&nbsp; Lord Treasurer was
+much concerned when I told him; I would not dine with Lord
+Treasurer, or any one else.&nbsp; No loss ever grieved me so
+much.&rdquo;&nbsp; And the next day he records, &ldquo;At ten at
+night I was at his funeral, which I ordered to be as private as
+possible.&nbsp; We had but one coach with four of us; and when it
+was carrying us home, after the funeral, the braces broke, and we
+were forced to sit in it, and have it held up, till my man went
+for chairs, at eleven at night, in terrible rain.&rdquo; <a
+name="citation209"></a><a href="#footnote209"
+class="citation">[209]</a></p>
+<p>Tickell, in one of his poems, mentions Harrison as&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;That much loved youth, whom Utrecht&rsquo;s
+walls confine;&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>and indeed, though little is known of him, he seems to have
+been a favourite with his contemporaries.</p>
+<p><a name="page210"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 210</span><span
+class="smcap">Bernard Lens</span>, miniature painter to George
+II., retiring from his profession, settled at Knightsbridge,
+where he died, December 30th, 1740.&nbsp; According to Vertue, he
+was buried at Kensington, but his name does not appear on the
+register.&nbsp; He was tutor to the celebrated Duke of
+Cumberland, and excelled as a copyist of Rubens and Vandyke,
+whose colouring he imitated admirably.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Robert Miller</span>, a loyalist in the
+American War of Independence.&nbsp; He held two official
+situations in Virginia, which he lost in the revolution.&nbsp; He
+died at Knightsbridge, February, 17th, 1792.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Francis Xavier D&rsquo;Oliveyra</span>, a
+Portuguese chevalier, born in 1702, and filled the office of
+Secretary to the Embassy at Vienna.&nbsp; He was persecuted by
+the Inquisition on account of the publication of his travels, and
+accordingly came to England, where he abjured the Romish
+creed.&nbsp; Thus sacrificing fortune to the dictates of
+conscience, he first encountered great difficulties, but found
+friends, especially Archbishops Potter and Herring.&nbsp;
+Frederick, Prince of Wales, also assigned him a pension.&nbsp; He
+resided some years at Knightsbridge, which <a
+name="page211"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 211</span>he quitted
+in 1775.&nbsp; He died October 11th, 1783. <a
+name="citation211"></a><a href="#footnote211"
+class="citation">[211]</a></p>
+<p>The <span class="smcap">Countess of Orrery</span>, friend of
+Swift, died at Knightsbridge, October 27th, 1758.&nbsp; He
+esteemed her highly &ldquo;as a person of very good
+understanding, as any he knew of the sex.&rdquo;&nbsp; In his
+will, Swift bequeathed to Lord Orrery &ldquo;the enamelled silver
+plates to distinguish bottles of wine by,&rdquo; given him by his
+&ldquo;excellent lady.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Seth Ward</span>, <span
+class="smcap">Bishop of Salisbury</span>, had his town residence
+at Knightsbridge.&nbsp; He was born April 15th, 1617, at Aspedon,
+near Buntingford.&nbsp; Brought up at the Free School of his
+native place, he was removed to Sydney Sussex College; but
+refusing to subscribe the covenant, lost his fellowship, and in
+1643 removed to the neighbourhood of London.&nbsp; Part of his
+time he spent at Albury, in company with Oughte, and there the
+two prosecuted their mathematical studies together.</p>
+<p>In 1649, the Savilian Professors of Astronomy and Geometry
+being removed from their offices by the Parliamentary
+Commissioners, Ward was chosen to fill the former chair.&nbsp; On
+this he took the oath of allegiance to the Commonwealth, <a
+name="page212"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 212</span>and exerted
+himself to restore the lectures, which had been greatly
+neglected, and under him they speedily revived.</p>
+<p>In 1652, he took his Doctor&rsquo;s Degree, and in 1659 was
+made Principal of Jesus College, and afterwards Master of Trinity
+College; but at the Restoration he was compelled to resign these
+appointments.&nbsp; While at Oxford he gained the acquaintance of
+some of the most eminent men of the time, especially of Wilkins,
+afterwards Bishop of Chester.&nbsp; Their meetings led to the
+formation of the Royal Society, which Ward strongly supported,
+and of which he was one of the most efficient members.</p>
+<p>Although he had taken office under the Commonwealth, he had
+friends under the Monarchy, who were able to forward his
+interests.&nbsp; Among them were Monk and Clarendon; and through
+their intercessions he was presented to St. Lawrence Jewry, and
+afterwards to the Precentorship of Exeter.&nbsp; His rise was now
+rapid, for in 1661 he was appointed Dean, and in the ensuing year
+Bishop of that Diocese.</p>
+<p>In 1667 he was translated to the Bishopric of Salisbury, and
+in the House of Lords, being an able speaker, took a prominent
+part in the <a name="page213"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+213</span>debates.&nbsp; He has been accused of lending rather
+too complying an ear to the Court, both in Parliament and the
+rule of his diocese; probably these charges arose from his
+supporting the ill-advised and tyrannical Conventicle Act, which
+his predecessor, Bishop Earl, a man beloved by all parties, had
+opposed.&nbsp; On the other hand, it must be borne in mind he
+approved of the opposition to James II., and to two copies of the
+petition his signature was affixed.</p>
+<p>His residence, when his duties called him to the metropolis,
+was at Knightsbridge, and here he was visited by all the leading
+literary and scientific men of the day.&nbsp; Evelyn, in his
+&ldquo;Diary,&rdquo; March 25th, 1674, writes, &ldquo;I dined at
+Knightsbridge, with the Bishops of Salisbury, Chester, and
+Lincoln, my old friends.&rdquo;&nbsp; The celebrated Isaac Barrow
+was also a frequent guest; and it was at the Bishop&rsquo;s table
+he was seized with the illness which in a short time ended his
+days.&nbsp; The celebrated Sir Charles Scarborough was another
+friend&mdash;he also was Ward&rsquo;s medical adviser; and Burnet
+states he was at Knightsbridge with him when the Queen&rsquo;s
+coach came for him to attend her at the birth of the future
+Pretender.</p>
+<p><a name="page214"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 214</span>The
+Bishop&rsquo;s health towards the close of his life was very
+indifferent, and at length he was deprived of his faculties
+altogether, and died at Knightsbridge, January 6, 1689, in his
+seventy-second year.&nbsp; He was a very learned man, as his
+writings abundantly show, and a very charitable one.&nbsp; At his
+native place he founded almshouses, and also left a sum for
+apprenticing its poor boys.&nbsp; I know nothing more beautiful
+or pure in a great man&rsquo;s character than to see him
+remembering in his old age those villagers among whom, in a
+comparatively humble sphere, he first drew breath.&nbsp; Such
+conduct indicates a benevolent mind and a good heart; and such
+public acts which seem to show a different spirit, I would rather
+attribute to a temporary fear or extraneous motive, other than
+the genuine constitution of the mind.&nbsp; A life of Ward was
+published by Dr. Pope, author of the celebrated ballad,
+&ldquo;The Old Man&rsquo;s Wish.&rdquo; <a
+name="citation214"></a><a href="#footnote214"
+class="citation">[214]</a></p>
+<p>William Penn resided at Knightsbridge, at <a
+name="page215"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 215</span>No. 8, St.
+George&rsquo;s Place, it is said; in order to be nearer the
+Court, where he was a great favourite with the Queen; he left it
+in 1706.&nbsp; Sir John Chardin, the famous Persian Ambassador of
+the time of Charles II., lived once in this same house.&nbsp; So
+imbued was he by his travels with Eastern ideas, that on Persian
+festivals he used to illuminate his windows with candles.&nbsp;
+He was buried at Chiswick, 29th December, 1713.&nbsp; The clever
+but unfortunate George Anne Bellamy also lived here in
+1747.&nbsp; Dr. Richard Wright, F.R.S., and physician to St.
+George&rsquo;s Hospital, died here, October 14th, 1786.&nbsp; J.
+Marshall, a botanist and gardener, and well known as a writer on
+such subjects, lived at Knightsbridge many years; and Edward
+Wakefield, author of &ldquo;Ireland, Political and
+Statistical,&rdquo; died here, May 18th, 1854, aged
+eighty-six.&nbsp; John Allen, of Knightsbridge, in 1685, left to
+the parish of Hammersmith 10s. annually to twenty poor
+people.&nbsp; The Countess of Yarmouth, mistress of George II.,
+also numbered among its inhabitants.</p>
+<h2><a name="page216"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+216</span>CHAPTER IV.<br />
+<span class="GutSmall">BELGRAVIA.</span></h2>
+
+<blockquote><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;Belgravia!
+that fair spot of ground<br />
+Where all that worldlings covet most is found!<br />
+Of this stupendous town&mdash;this mighty heart!<br />
+Of England&rsquo;s frame&mdash;<i>the fashionable</i>
+part!&rdquo;</p>
+<p style="text-align: right"><span
+class="smcap">Belgravia</span>: <span class="smcap">a
+Poem</span>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><span class="smcap">Between</span> the Hamlet of Knightsbridge
+and the district of Pimlico are a number of streets and squares
+to which the fashionable term of Belgravia has been given, and
+which is now the recognised name of the locality.&nbsp; Southward
+of the old King&rsquo;s Road has for 200 years been known as
+Pimlico.&nbsp; To this boundary, sanctioned by usage, I shall
+adhere; considering only those places as in Belgravia between
+this line, and one formed from St. George&rsquo;s Hospital, by
+Grosvenor Crescent and Motcomb Street; while the east boundary is
+Grosvenor Place; and the west, the sewer.&nbsp; The name is
+derived from a title of the Marquis of Westminster, <a
+name="page217"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 217</span>taken from
+a village in Leicestershire, where he has great property.&nbsp;
+Halkin, Motcomb, and Kinnerton Streets, also derive their names
+from properties of the Marquis; Eaton Square from his seat, and
+Wilton Place, &amp;c., from the title of his brother.</p>
+<p>I need hardly say Belgravia is yet in its youth; of history,
+strictly speaking, it really has none.&nbsp; Where now stands
+this</p>
+<blockquote><p style="text-align: center">&ldquo;Oasis of the
+fashionable west,&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>was, thirty years ago, nought but marshy fields&mdash;fields
+in a very forlorn condition, covered with rank grass and weeds in
+full luxuriance; bounded by mud-banks, and almost wholly given up
+to sheep and asses.&nbsp; I cannot do better than let the lady,
+who has chosen Belgravia for her theme, describe its former
+aspect.</p>
+<blockquote><p>Time was, when here, where palaces now stand,<br
+/>
+Where dwell at ease the magnates of the land,<br />
+A barren waste existed, fetid, damp,<br />
+Cheered by the ray of no enlivening lamp!<br />
+A marshy spot, where not one patch of green,<br />
+No stunted shrub, nor sickly flower was seen;<br />
+But all things base, the refuse of the town,<br />
+Loathsome and rank, in one foul mass were thrown;<br />
+Breeding the vapours that in fever&rsquo;s hour<br />
+Lend to Disease its desolating power,<br />
+<a name="page218"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 218</span>And
+quench the life of thousands, like the blight,<br />
+Noiseless, but sure, that in a single night<br />
+Upon the blossoms&rsquo; opening bloom descends,<br />
+And brooding rests, till all their promise ends.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Belgravia was and still is within the manor of Ebury, and in
+ancient times within the parish of St.
+Martin&rsquo;s-in-the-Fields.&nbsp; It now belongs to St.
+George&rsquo;s, Hanover Square, but subdivided; about half
+pertaining each to St. Paul&rsquo;s, Knightsbridge, and St.
+Peter&rsquo;s, Pimlico.&nbsp; The early history of this manor has
+been already noticed; now for its modern.</p>
+<p>King George III., on taking up his residence at Buckingham
+House, wished to purchase the fields lying immediately
+contiguous, in order to prevent buildings being erected so as to
+overlook his garden.&nbsp; The Lock Hospital stood then alone,
+but it was apparent that the ground would soon be occupied, if
+the King should fix his abode so near.&nbsp; He therefore entered
+into a negotiation for its purchase, but George Grenville, then
+Minister, refused to sanction the expenditure of the sum
+demanded, viz., &pound;20,000, and Grosvenor Place was
+accordingly commenced building in 1767.&nbsp; The streets running
+from this line were terminated by <a name="page219"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 219</span>high mud banks, which formed a
+boundary no traveller ventured over.&nbsp; The other side formed
+a part of the Five Fields, and it was not till 1825 that the
+determination was come to to cover it with houses.&nbsp; Mr.
+Thomas Cubitt and Mr. Seth Smith then took leases from the
+Marquis of Westminster, and Belgravia speedily arose.</p>
+<p>The Five Fields was an ominous name to our forefathers.&nbsp;
+Addison, in the &ldquo;Tatler&rdquo; (No. 34), refers to them as
+the place &ldquo;where the robbers lie in wait;&rdquo; and pages
+might easily be covered with the records of the frightful crimes
+here committed.&nbsp; The King&rsquo;s Road, anciently only a
+trackway for the use of the farmers and gardeners, was the only
+road across.&nbsp; A lane led to it from Hyde Park Corner, and
+other paths intersected the fields into five large
+parts&mdash;hence the name; but it was not till Charles II. found
+the road a near way from Whitehall to Hampton Court that any
+public way was formed, and not then till after some discussion
+between the Government and the parishioners of Chelsea.&nbsp; In
+the reign of George I. disputes arose as to the right of way;
+but, after inquiry, the Government acknowledged <a
+name="page220"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 220</span>the claims
+of the inhabitants to be just. <a name="citation220"></a><a
+href="#footnote220" class="citation">[220]</a>&nbsp; In the
+documents relating to this dispute the fields are said to be
+open, and the bridge, then called &ldquo;Bloody Bridge,&rdquo;
+now known as Grosvenor Bridge, only &ldquo;a footbridge, with a
+plank or board,&rdquo; till built in a regular manner in the time
+of Charles II.&nbsp; The road across the fields was very
+insecure; and for many years, under a royal order, fifty-two
+privates, and six non-commissioned officers, half every alternate
+night, patrolled the ground.&nbsp; On grand gala nights at
+Ranelagh the number was greater; but on all occasions it was
+customary for persons wishing to cross to wait for a sufficient
+number to meet together to ensure mutual protection, and then,
+with two men carrying lanterns on long poles, and who obtained
+their living by such service, sallying across under their
+guidance.&nbsp; Such a relation almost forces a smile now; but it
+must be borne in mind that no houses were situated along the
+King&rsquo;s Road a hundred years since.&nbsp; It was also then
+very circuitous, running from the Palace garden wall along the
+present north garden of Eaton Square to Sloane Square.&nbsp; Its
+<a name="page221"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 221</span>dangers
+were very great, as the newspapers of the last century afford
+melancholy proof.&nbsp; I give one specimen:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;On Saturday evening last, February 24th, a
+servant belonging to Mrs. Temple was robbed and barbarously
+wounded near Bloody Bridge in the King&rsquo;s Road, leading from
+Chelsea.&nbsp; Her Royal Highness the Princess Amelia coming from
+Hampton Court, hearing a man groaning, ordered her servant to
+stop; and it proving to be the man above-mentioned, he was taken
+behind the coach and brought to town; and her Highness ordered
+all possible care to be taken of him.&rdquo; <a
+name="citation221"></a><a href="#footnote221"
+class="citation">[221]</a></p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Bloody Bridge seems to have gained its fearful character
+early; in Chelsea register is the following notice of the
+name:&mdash;&ldquo;1590.&nbsp; John Dukes was this year enjoyned
+to make a Causie at <i>bloody</i> Gate.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Charles Dartquineuve, the friend of Pope, and to whom Dodsley
+was once footman, was appointed surveyor of the King&rsquo;s
+Private Roads, in 1731, in room of General Watkins.&nbsp;
+Pass-tickets of copper were issued in that <a
+name="page222"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 222</span>year, and
+are prized by the curious in such matters.</p>
+<p>Duellists also sought the Fire Fields, and Aubrey tells of one
+meeting near to Ebury farm, in the time of Charles I., between
+Lord Mohun and a foreign nobleman.&nbsp; The former was killed,
+not without suspicion of foul play; and the credulous antiquary
+relates that at the time of the duel, his mistress saw him
+approach her bed, draw the curtains, and go away without
+speaking!</p>
+<p>Great numbers of the lower orders used to frequent the Five
+Fields, to indulge themselves with the brutal sports so prevalent
+formerly among them.&nbsp; Near where Coleshill Street now stands
+was a famous resort for cock-fighting, and every Good Friday
+numbers came to witness the barbarity.&nbsp; Duck-hunting in the
+ponds and bull and bear-baiting were also largely carried on; the
+head-quarters of the latter being at a house by the Willow Walk,
+once the habitation of the notorious Jerry Abershaw.</p>
+<p>It is pleasant to quit such recollections for those of a purer
+kind.&nbsp; The old herbalists frequented these fields, where,
+they tell, the <a name="page223"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+223</span>&ldquo;wild clary&rdquo; grew plentifully; and along
+the river&rsquo;s bank the &ldquo;bitter cresses&rdquo; in great
+perfection.&nbsp; And Swift, walking to London from his Chelsea
+residence in 1711, mentions the hay-making in the fields;
+&ldquo;it smells so sweet,&rdquo; he says, &ldquo;as we walk
+through the flowery meads;&rdquo; but he spoils the idea by
+telling us that &ldquo;the hay-making nymphs are perfect
+drabs.&rdquo;&nbsp; The market gardens in the Five Fields, though
+not very numerous, were very valuable, being devoted chiefly to
+the culture of the asparagus and the rarer vegetables.&nbsp;
+Norden, in 1593, tells us,</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;The deepe, and dirtie, loathsome soyle,<br
+/>
+Yields golden gaine to painefull toyle;&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>and that the labourer &ldquo;will refuse a pallace to droyle
+in these golden puddles.&rdquo;&nbsp; The nursery ground of
+Messrs. Allen and Rogers was in being so late as 1832, adjoining
+to the King&rsquo;s Road.&nbsp; The father of Mr. Redgrave, the
+distinguished artist, resided in a house on the King&rsquo;s
+Road, and here his eminent son was born.</p>
+<p>One historical reminiscence will conclude the notices of the
+fields.&nbsp; Clarendon tells us that he, Hampden, Pym, Marten,
+and Fiennes <a name="page224"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+224</span>had dined together at Pym&rsquo;s lodgings, when
+Fiennes proposed a ride into these fields.&nbsp; Accordingly they
+set off; and the conversation turning on the Episcopacy Bill,
+Fiennes asked Hyde why he so passionately adhered to the Church,
+Hyde&rsquo;s reply was an expression of doubt as to the stability
+of the State, or of religion itself, if the government of the
+Church was altered; and Fiennes rejoining that much blood would
+be shed ere that would be submitted to, Hyde (Clarendon) remarks
+it was the first positive declaration he had heard from any
+particular man of the party.&nbsp; Hampden, Pym, and other
+leaders of those eventful times, are said to have sought the air
+and private intercommunication in the Five Fields.&nbsp; This
+anecdote concludes this early portion of Belgravia&rsquo;s
+history; the reader&rsquo;s attention will now be drawn to its
+streets and squares.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Belgrave Square</span> was commenced in
+1825, and designed by Basevi.&nbsp; It is 684 ft. in length, by
+637 ft. in breadth.&nbsp; The two detached mansions on the
+western side were designed by H. E. Kendall.&nbsp; The one in the
+south-west was originally built for Mr. Kemp, of Kemp Town;
+afterwards it was occupied by <a name="page225"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 225</span>Lady Harriett Drummond, the Marquis
+of Tweeddale, and in 1837 became the residence of Lord Hill, for
+many years Commander-in Chief.&nbsp; After his death the late
+Earl Ducie lived here, and on his decease, in 1853, the house was
+sold, and enlarged to its present size.&nbsp; The mansion in the
+north-west was the residence of the late Earl Brownlow.</p>
+<p>General Sir George Murray, the friend of Wellington and Peel,
+lived at No. 5, and died there in 1846, respected and
+regretted.&nbsp; No. 2 was the residence of the late James
+Goding, Esq., who formed a fine collection of paintings, and
+other works of art.&nbsp; No. 6 is the Duke of Bedford&rsquo;s,
+and at No. 9 resides the celebrated Countess Dowager of
+Essex.&nbsp; At No. 10 lived M. Drouyn de l&rsquo;Huys, while
+Ambassador at St. James&rsquo; from France.&nbsp; At 16 resides
+Sir Roderick Murchison, and at 18 lived the late Earl of
+Ellesmere.&nbsp; No. 36, sometimes called Ingestrie House, was in
+1840 the residence of H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent, and at present
+of Colonel Douglas Pennant.&nbsp; Mr. Labouchere at 27, the
+Archbishop of York 41, Sir M. S. Stewart at 42, the Duke of
+Montrose, Mr. Abel Smith, and Field-Marshal Lord <a
+name="page226"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 226</span>Combermere,
+are also residents of Belgrave Square.</p>
+<p>The last of the Dukes of Gordon died at his residence here,
+May 28th, 1836, aged 66; and Mr. Scrope, last male of a family
+illustrious in our historic annals, lived at No. 13.&nbsp; He was
+author of &ldquo;Days of Deer Stalking,&rdquo; published in 1839;
+and &ldquo;Days and Nights of Salmon Fishing,&rdquo; published in
+1843.&nbsp; Mr. Scrope died in Belgrave Square, July 20th, 1852,
+in the 81st year of his age.&nbsp; His son-in-law, Mr. Poulett
+Scrope, M.P., and author of the &ldquo;History of Castle
+Combe,&rdquo; soon after quitted this mansion for one at
+Prince&rsquo;s Gate.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Chapel Street</span>, so named from the
+Chapel attached to the Lock Hospital, which abutted on it, was
+completed about 1811.&nbsp; Legh Richmond, while Chaplain of the
+Lock, resided in this street.&nbsp; Writing to his wife, he says,
+&ldquo;It is surrounded by fields, has a very pleasing prospect,
+charming air, great retirement and quietness, with a little
+garden, a remarkably neat exterior, and as neat and comfortable
+an interior.&rdquo;&nbsp; Nor was he the only one who found in
+Chapel Street a comfortable and happy home: the celebrated
+comedian, Gentleman <a name="page227"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 227</span>Jones as he is called generally, for
+many years lived at No. 14.&nbsp; &ldquo;The very aspect of their
+rooms is exhilarating,&rdquo; writes Lady Chatterton,
+&ldquo;though small, and furnished without any show or
+expense.&nbsp; A vine which grows at the back of the house, half
+conceals the windows with its luxuriant branches; and some fresh
+flowers in the rooms are fit emblems of those who reared
+them.&rdquo; <a name="citation227"></a><a href="#footnote227"
+class="citation">[227]</a></p>
+<p>Mr. Jones acquired fame both as an actor and author, but in
+his later years employed himself as a teacher of elocution.&nbsp;
+He died in Chapel Street, and lies buried in St. Peter&rsquo;s
+vaults.&nbsp; A marble tablet to his memory, at the entrance to
+the Church, bears the following inscription:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Beneath rest the mortal remains of Richard
+Jones, for more than forty years in public life, a dramatic
+performer, he was admired; as in private life respected as a
+teacher of elocution, he was a public Benefactor.&nbsp; As a
+Christian and a Man his conduct was exemplary.&nbsp; He died 20th
+of August, 1851, aged 72.&nbsp; Here also repose the remains of
+Sarah, his wife.&nbsp; She died 18th of June, 1850, aged
+71.&nbsp; And Eliza Jane his sister, who died 29th November,
+1828, aged 40.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>General Sir W. K. Grant, one of the eight British officers who
+saved the Emperor of Germany <a name="page228"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 228</span>from capture, on the plains of
+Cambresis, in 1794, and who otherwise saw severe service in the
+last great war, died in 1852, at his residence, No, 24, Chapel
+Street.&nbsp; At her residence, in this street, also died, in
+March, 1818, the Hon. Miss Hawke, author of a poem on the
+&ldquo;Fall of Babylon.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Chesham Place</span>, the freehold of
+which belongs to the Lowndes family, is so named from their seat
+in Buckinghamshire.&nbsp; No. 37 is the well known residence of
+Lord John Russell, and No. 35 was Sir Charles Wood&rsquo;s.&nbsp;
+To Chesham Place the Russian Embassy was removed in 1852.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Chesham Street</span>.&mdash;Henry Parish,
+Esq., of diplomatic celebrity, resided at No. 7.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Chester Street</span>.&mdash;At No. 13,
+the residence of Lady Gipps, died Dr. Broughton, the first Bishop
+of Sydney.&nbsp; The Right Hon. Frederick Shaw lived at No. 5,
+and Colonel Sibthorpe at 27; at No. 7 resides Dr. W. V.
+Pettigrew,</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;Whose
+sympathetic mind<br />
+Delights in all the good of all mankind.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Mr. Hurlstone and Miss Shirreff are also residents in Chester
+Street.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Eaton Place</span>.&mdash;Among former
+residents may <a name="page229"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+229</span>be enumerated General Caulfield, author of several
+works on the Government of India; Sir Robert Gardiner, one of the
+bravest of the old Peninsulas; Sir H. Duncan, son of the victor
+of Camperdown, and himself a <i>tar</i> of true British stamp,
+died here in 1836.&nbsp; Sir Thomas Troubridge was another of
+that mighty school; he fought with Nelson at Copenhagen, and
+elsewhere, and died here in 1852.&nbsp; Sir William Molesworth,
+one of our ablest and most advanced statesmen of modern times,
+and who has secured to himself a permanent position in our
+literature, died at his residence (No. 87) in 1855.</p>
+<p>Among present residents are Dr. Lushington (18), Sir Erskine
+Perry (36), Sir George Grey (14), Mr. Justice Wightman (38), Mr.
+Heywood (5), Sir Arthur Elton, M.P., and the Bishop of
+Hereford.</p>
+<p>At No. 80, the residence of Captain Massingberd, the Hungarian
+statesman, Kossuth, stayed on his first arrival in this country,
+in the autumn of 1851.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Eaton Place West</span>.&mdash;General Sir
+Peregrine Maitland, who fought at Corunna, and commanded a
+brigade at Waterloo, died at his <a name="page230"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 230</span>residence in this street, May 30th,
+1852.&nbsp; Mr. Collier, M.P. (2), and Mr. H. F. Chorley (13),
+live in this street.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Eaton Square</span> was commenced in 1827,
+but not wholly completed till 1853.&nbsp; It is 1,637 ft. long by
+a breadth of 371 ft.&nbsp; Among its distinguished residents may
+be noticed the late Lord Chancellor Truro, who died at his
+residence (No. 83) in 1853.&nbsp; Mr. Henry Redhead Yorke, at 81;
+Lord Alvanley, of celebrity in the days of the fourth George, at
+62; General Sir Thomas Bradford, and Admiral Sir Edward
+Codrington, the victor of Navarino.</p>
+<p>The late Ralph Bernal, Esq., resided at 75, and here formed
+one of the most splendid collections of ancient art ever brought
+together.&nbsp; He died here in 1853.&nbsp; No. 71 is the
+residence (official) of the Speaker of the House of Commons; in
+one year, says Mr. Cunningham, the rent, rates, and taxes of this
+house amounted to &pound;964.</p>
+<p>Among present residents in Eaton Square are the Earl of
+Ellenborough at No. 115, Sir Frederick Thesiger, now Lord
+Chelmsford (7), Mr. Justice Willes (16), Sir John Pakington (41),
+Sir Francis Baring (4), Mr. Fielder, Commissary-General <a
+name="page231"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 231</span>in the
+Crimea (57), Colonel Tulloch (63), Mr. M. J. Higgins (71), Mr.
+Cardwell (74), Baron Martin (75), Sir Augustus Clifford (92), Sir
+W. Clay (93), and General Codrington, our Commander-in-Chief at
+the capture of Sebastopol, at 110.</p>
+<p>At the east end stands St. Peter&rsquo;s Church, built in
+1826, and denounced by Mr. Cunningham as one of the
+&ldquo;ugliest in all London.&rdquo;&nbsp; The site is an
+excellent one, few superior in the metropolis; it is a just
+source of regret, therefore, that a more creditable design was
+not chosen.&nbsp; It was designed by Henry Hakewill, in the Ionic
+Order, and consecrated by Dr. Howley, then Bishop of London, July
+27th, 1827.&nbsp; It was burnt down in 1835, when the
+altar-piece, &ldquo;Christ crowned with Thorns,&rdquo; a good
+specimen of Hilton, R.A., was with difficulty saved.&nbsp; It was
+presented to the Church by the British Institution.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Grosvenor Crescent</span> is still
+unfinished.&nbsp; Here reside the Rev. A. P. Stanley, Sir Charles
+Trevelyan, and at No. 1 the Earl of Clarendon, late Secretary of
+State for Foreign Affairs.&nbsp; The Crescent is ultimately to be
+continued to open into Grosvenor Place, and thus it will <a
+name="page232"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 232</span>form the
+main entrance to Belgravia; an improvement very greatly
+needed.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Grosvenor Place</span>.&mdash;The story
+pertaining to the foundation of this street has been told
+already.&nbsp; Originally the houses were built no further than
+the Lock Hospital, which occupied the site of the Grosvenor Place
+Houses.&nbsp; At the bottom, where the junction with the
+King&rsquo;s Road was formed, was a cluster of mean dwellings,
+and one inn, known as &ldquo;The Feathers.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>At No. 1, Dr. Lane&rsquo;s celebrated School of Anatomy and
+Medicine has for many years been established.&nbsp; No. 4
+originally formed two houses, which were thrown together by the
+late Earl of Egremont, who here first formed the splendid
+collection of pictures now at Petworth.&nbsp; He was a great
+patron of English artists, and an excellent judge of their
+productions.&nbsp; Haydon, one of those he had befriended,
+declares he &ldquo;never saw such a character, or such a man, nor
+were there ever many.&nbsp; &lsquo;Live and let live&rsquo; seems
+to be the Earl&rsquo;s motto.&rdquo;&nbsp; Lord Egremont died in
+November, 1837. <a name="citation232"></a><a href="#footnote232"
+class="citation">[232]</a></p>
+<p><a name="page233"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 233</span>The
+mansion at the north corner of Halkin Street is that&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;Where
+the Howards&rsquo; noble race<br />
+For many a year have made their resting place.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>The first nobleman of this title who resided here was
+Frederick, the fifth earl.&nbsp; He was born in 1748, and died in
+1825, and is the nobleman often mentioned by Boswell as gaining
+Johnson&rsquo;s praise for his literary performances.&nbsp; But
+however valuable these may be considered, he owes his literary
+immortality to the attacks made on him by Byron.&nbsp; He was
+guardian to the poet, who dedicated to him his &ldquo;Hours of
+Idleness,&rdquo; which the Earl is said to have coolly received,
+an affront which deeply rankled in Byron&rsquo;s
+breast&mdash;causing a wound his mother did her best to
+widen.&nbsp; Byron, however, seems to have forgotten his
+animosity, for in his &ldquo;English Bards and Scotch
+Reviewers,&rdquo; as originally intended for the press, he
+compliments Carlisle:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;On one alone Apollo deigns to smile,<br />
+And crowns a new Roscommon in Carlisle.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>But the intended honour was not permitted to remain.&nbsp;
+Receiving, as he considered, a fresh <a name="page234"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 234</span>slight, Byron erased the praise, for
+the vituperative sarcasm still to be read:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Let Stott, Matilda, and the rest<br />
+Of Grub-street and of Grosvenor-place the best,<br />
+Scrawl on, till death release us from the strain,<br />
+Or common sense asserts her rights again.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>But the poet regretted the severity, and afterwards, in his
+noble tribute to Major Howard, gave utterance to his
+repentance;&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Their praise is hymned by loftier harps
+than mine;<br />
+Yet one I would select from that proud throng,<br />
+Partly because they blend me with his line,<br />
+And partly that I did his sire some wrong.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>And of the Major he writes with rapturous
+eloquence:&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;When
+shower&rsquo;d<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; The death-bolts deadliest the thinn&rsquo;d files
+along,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp; Even where the thickest of war&rsquo;s tempest
+lour&rsquo;d,<br />
+They reach&rsquo;d no nobler breast than thine, young gallant
+Howard.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Byron&rsquo;s staunchest friend, Hobhouse&mdash;now Lord
+Broughton&mdash;lived about No. 7, when colleague with Burdett in
+the representation of Westminster; so also did Lady Ossory, the
+correspondent of Horace Walpole.&nbsp; Writing to her, on
+February 1st, 1775, he says:&mdash;&ldquo;I hope this is the last
+letter I shall send you before you land at <a
+name="page235"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 235</span>Hyde Park
+Corner turnpike.&nbsp; You will have a very good neighbourhood
+there; Lord and Lady Apsley are mighty agreeable
+people.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>No. 15 in 1773 was the Duke of Athol&rsquo;s; the Marquis of
+Titchfield, Lord-Lieutenant of the County fifty years ago, also
+resided in Grosvenor Place, as did Mr. Orby Hunter, a leading man
+in the <i>ton</i> in the days of George IV.</p>
+<p>No. 44 is the residence of the Hanoverian Minister, and here
+his Sovereign stayed during his visit to London in 1853.&nbsp;
+No. 24 is the Bishop of Worcester&rsquo;s, and No. 46 Sir James
+Graham&rsquo;s.&nbsp; Earl Stanhope, the historian, resided some
+years at No. 41, but now at No. 3, Grosvenor Place Houses.&nbsp;
+The centre of these three is Sir Anthony Rothschild&rsquo;s, the
+other Lord Harry Vane&rsquo;s.</p>
+<p>Near to the south end of Grosvenor Place stood, for above a
+century, a small hospital for invalided soldiers.&nbsp; The poet
+Armstrong, friend of Thomson, was in 1746 appointed physician to
+it.&nbsp; The establishment was closed when the improvements here
+were contemplated about 1846.&nbsp; Adjoining to it was
+&ldquo;The Feathers,&rdquo; to which a curious anecdote is
+attached.&nbsp; A Lodge <a name="page236"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 236</span>of Odd Fellows, or some similar
+society, was in the habit of holding its meetings in a room at
+&ldquo;The Feathers,&rdquo; and on one occasion when a new member
+was being initiated in the mysteries thereof, in rushed two
+persons, whose abrupt and unauthorised entrance threw the whole
+assemblage into an uproar.&nbsp; Summary punishment was proposed
+by an expeditious kick into the street; but, just as it was about
+to be bestowed, the secretary recognised one of the intruders as
+George, Prince of Wales, afterwards George IV.&nbsp;
+Circumstances instantly changed: it indeed was he, out on a
+nocturnal excursion; and accordingly it was proposed and carried
+that the Prince and his companion should be admitted
+members.&nbsp; The Prince was chairman the remainder of the
+evening; and the chair in which he sat, ornamented, in
+consequence, with the plume, is still preserved in the parlour of
+the modern inn in Grosvenor Street West, and over it hangs a
+coarsely executed portrait of the Prince in the robes of the
+order.&nbsp; The inn, the hospital, and various small tenements
+were removed in 1851, when the present stately erections were
+immediately commenced.&nbsp; On the ground being cleared away,
+various coins, <a name="page237"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+237</span>old horse-shoes, a few implements of warfare, and some
+human remains were discovered.</p>
+<p>At the intersection of the cross-roads at the end of Grosvenor
+Place, suicides were subjected to the revolting burial then
+awarded by the law.&nbsp; The last person on whom the law was
+carried out here was named Griffiths, the son of a colonel in the
+army, who had first murdered his father, and then destroyed
+himself.&nbsp; This took place on June 27th, 1823.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Halkin Street</span>.&mdash;The north side
+is chiefly occupied by Mortimer House, the residence of the late
+Earl Fitzwilliam, and by Belgrave Chapel, built in 1812.&nbsp;
+Its ministers have been the Rev. John Pitman, author of
+&ldquo;Practical Lectures on the Gospel of St. John,&rdquo; the
+Revs. J. Thackeray, J. Jennings, and the present minister, the
+Rev. W. Thorpe, D.D.</p>
+<p>The detached mansion at the corner, numbered as 49, Belgrave
+Square, finished in 1850, is the residence of Mr. Sidney
+Herbert.&nbsp; The premises now occupied by Messrs. Wimbush were
+those in which the same business was conducted by Mr. Vernon, the
+munificent patron of modern British art.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Halkin Street West</span> contains a small
+chapel, <a name="page238"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+238</span>now belonging to the National Scottish Church, and in
+which Dr. Cumming occasionally preaches.&nbsp; Its present
+minister is the Rev. L. Macbeth.&nbsp; Built by Mr. Seth Smith,
+it was originally attached to the Church of England, under the
+ministry of the Rev. J. Gibson.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Lock Hospital</span> (The), which formerly
+stood on the site of Grosvenor Place Houses, was built in 1746,
+and patients admitted on January 31st, 1747, for the first
+time.&nbsp; The Institution included an asylum for the reception
+of penitent females, founded in 1787, and a chapel, built in
+1764, with the primary view of aiding the income by its pew
+rents.&nbsp; The chapel was always celebrated for the powerful
+and popular preachers who occupied its pulpit, among whom may be
+mentioned Martin Madan, Thomas Scott, editor and commentator of
+the Scriptures, and C. E. De Coetlogon; while Legh Richmond,
+Romaine, Rowland Hill, and the celebrated Dr. Dodd, have often
+preached here.&nbsp; Of these, the one most connected with this
+locality was the Rev. Martin Madan.</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p238b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"Old Lock Hospital"
+title=
+"Old Lock Hospital"
+src="images/p238s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p>His father was M.P. for Wootton Basset, and Groom of the
+Bedchamber to Frederick, Prince of Wales; his mother, a daughter
+of <a name="page239"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+239</span>Spence Cowper, and niece of the celebrated Chancellor;
+an accomplished woman, and authoress of several poems of
+considerable merit.&nbsp; Martin was originally brought up to the
+bar, which he forsook for the Church; was ordained, became
+Chaplain to the Lock, and one of the most popular ministers of
+the day.&nbsp; He was a distant relation of the poet Cowper, who
+first imbibed from him those religious principles which
+afterwards formed so predominant a feature of his mind.</p>
+<p>In 1780 his popularity received a severe blow from the
+publication of his &ldquo;Thelyphthora,&rdquo; a singular work in
+defence of polygamy.&nbsp; There can be no doubt that the work
+was issued with good intentions, but the manner of treating the
+subject was at least novel, and especially so in a clergyman.</p>
+<p>Madan was the author of various other works, and likewise of
+some repute as a musical composer.&nbsp; Many of the tunes and
+chants in the &ldquo;Lock Hymn Book&rdquo; have his initials
+attached.&nbsp; The &ldquo;Song of Miriam&rdquo; is, perhaps, his
+most popular piece.&nbsp; At the same time, mention must be made
+of his composition to Pope&rsquo;s Ode, known as &ldquo;Vital
+Spark,&rdquo; also of the piece <a name="page240"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 240</span>&ldquo;Before Jehovah&rsquo;s awful
+Throne.&rdquo;&nbsp; I have heard him spoken of by elderly folks
+with deep respect; and whatever his shortcomings may have been, a
+want of charity was not among them.&nbsp; That he was equally
+respected in high society may be inferred from his friendship
+with Lord Chancellor Bathurst, who gave him a chaplaincy.</p>
+<p>He died at Epsom in the 64th year of his age, and was buried
+at Kensington, May 8th, 1791.</p>
+<p>The connection of Legh Richmond with the Lock was of very
+short duration.&nbsp; He was induced to accept the minor office
+of assistant to the Rev. Thomas Fry, then chaplain, and while
+here attracted the notice of Ambrose Serle, author of
+&ldquo;Hor&aelig; Solitari&aelig;,&rdquo; a constant attendant of
+the chapel.&nbsp; Serle was applied to by Mrs. Fuller to
+recommend her a pious and practical clergyman to fill her living
+of Turvey; he immediately recommended Richmond, and thus it was
+that estimable man obtained the position he filled with such
+great credit to himself and the Church, and benefit to his
+people.&nbsp; His ministrations here extended only from February
+to October 1805.</p>
+<p><a name="page241"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+241</span>Wilberforce strongly supported this Institution, and
+frequently attended the Chapel.&nbsp; He occasionally alludes to
+it in his &ldquo;Diary;&rdquo; and Legh Richmond mentions
+observing him at the communion-table on one occasion, with a
+negro at his side, a coincidence which he afterwards found was
+quite accidental.&nbsp; The incident was not without a
+lesson!</p>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/p241b.jpg">
+<img alt=
+"Lock Chapel"
+title=
+"Lock Chapel"
+src="images/p241s.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<p>The buildings were of brick, and as plain as they possibly
+could be.&nbsp; They were pulled down in 1846, and the
+Institution removed to the Harrow Road.</p>
+<p><a name="page242"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 242</span><span
+class="smcap">Lowndes Street</span>.&mdash;Colonel Gurwood, the
+editor of &ldquo;Wellington&rsquo;s Dispatches,&rdquo; resided at
+33, and Mrs. Gore, the novelist, once at 42.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Osnaburg Row</span>, a court nearly at the
+lower end of Grosvenor Place, named after the Duke of York, who
+also was Bishop of Osnaburg.&nbsp; The Guards&rsquo; Hospital,
+before noticed, adjoined it, and the court was removed at the
+same time that building was cleared away.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Upper Belgrave
+Street</span>.&mdash;Numbers 1 and 2 were the first houses
+finished by Mr. Cubitt.&nbsp; No. 3 is Lord Charles
+Wellesley&rsquo;s, and previously the present Duke of
+Wellington&rsquo;s; hither the great Duke might frequently be
+seen escorting the present Duchess home.&nbsp; Mrs. Gore lived at
+No. 2, and at 13 the late Earl of Munster.&nbsp; Several sketches
+of Lord Minister&rsquo;s life are given in Mr. Jerdan&rsquo;s
+&ldquo;Autobiography,&rdquo; in which it is inferred the fatal
+aberration of intellect which led to his self-destruction arose
+from the discordant feelings arising from the anomalous position
+he held, and which he was unable to brook.&nbsp; He was author of
+several works on the <a name="page243"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 243</span>history of our eastern empire, and
+was a patron of literature and learning. <a
+name="citation243"></a><a href="#footnote243"
+class="citation">[243]</a></p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Wilton Street</span>.&mdash;Here Mr.
+Spencer Percival, eldest son of the minister killed by Bellingham
+in 1812, resided.</p>
+<h2><a name="page244"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+244</span>CHAPTER V.<br />
+<span class="GutSmall">THE SUB-DISTRICT OF ST.
+BARNABAS.</span></h2>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Nor rough nor barren are the winding
+ways<br />
+Of hoar antiquity, but strown with flowers.&rdquo;</p>
+<p style="text-align: right"><span
+class="smcap">Warton</span>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><span class="smcap">The</span> district parish of St.
+Paul&rsquo;s, Knightsbridge, stretching southward to the Thames,
+embraces in its bounds a considerable part of Pimlico.&nbsp; When
+St. Barnabas&rsquo; Church was built, for the local management of
+the parish, this southern portion was allotted to its
+minister&rsquo;s care, and therefore I follow a division most
+suitable for my plan, and give a brief outline of the history of
+this part of the parish, in order that my notice may not be
+incomplete.</p>
+<p>Of course, I do not intend to describe the suburb now called
+Pimlico as a whole, but only that portion of it within the
+district of St. Paul&rsquo;s; yet I cannot even do so without <a
+name="page245"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 245</span>touching on
+one or two items of general history: and first, then, for the
+name.</p>
+<p>The first mention of the name Pimlico appears in the parish
+books of St. Martin in the year 1626. <a
+name="citation245a"></a><a href="#footnote245a"
+class="citation">[245a]</a>&nbsp; The ancient name of the place
+was Eybury, from the manor of Eia or Eye, signifying water; a
+most appropriate name for a spot bounded on three sides by
+running streams.&nbsp; There was a Manor House once existing,
+which we may infer was of some importance, from its being one of
+those houses for which a licence to crenellate or fortify was
+granted.&nbsp; This privilege was granted in 1307 to John de
+Benstede, by Edward I. <a name="citation245b"></a><a
+href="#footnote245b" class="citation">[245b]</a>&nbsp; Hence the
+addition of <i>bury</i> to the original name of Eye or Eia, such
+addition meaning fortifications.</p>
+<p>But to the name.&nbsp; The true explanation of its origin is
+to be found in a rare, if not unique tract, entitled, &ldquo;News
+from Hogsdon,&rdquo; 1598:&mdash;&ldquo;Have at thee then, my
+merrie boys, and hie for old Ben Pimlicoe&rsquo;s nut
+brown.&rdquo; <a name="citation245c"></a><a href="#footnote245c"
+class="citation">[245c]</a>&nbsp; This &ldquo;old Ben
+Pimlico,&rdquo; of Hoxton, kept, in <a name="page246"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 246</span>the days of Queen Bess, a right
+famous hostelrie, a popular place of resort, as numerous
+allusions in the dramatists <a name="citation246"></a><a
+href="#footnote246" class="citation">[246]</a> of the period
+testify.&nbsp; Pimlico Walk still exists at Hoxton, and doubtless
+indicates the pathway along which the pleasure-seekers wended
+their way to Old Ben&rsquo;s.</p>
+<p>It is evident in the above quotation that a <i>person</i> is
+alluded to; but the word frequently expresses a <i>drink</i>,
+most probably derived from this worthy.&nbsp; This is evident
+from the following verses:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Let Hogsdon&rsquo;s scrapers on their
+base,<br />
+Sound fum&mdash;fum&mdash;fum&mdash;from tattered case,<br />
+Nor Mean nor Treble now take place,<br />
+
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+But Tenor.</p>
+<p>A Counter-Tenor is that note.<br />
+Tho&rsquo; easy&mdash;&rsquo;tis ne&rsquo;er sung by rote,<br />
+But got with wetting well your throat<br />
+
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+With claret.</p>
+<p>Or stout March beer, or Windsor ale,<br />
+Or Labour-in-Vain (so seldom stale),<br />
+Or <i>Pimlico</i>, whose too great sale<br />
+
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+Did mar it.&rdquo;</p>
+<p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">The Counter
+Rat</span>, 1670.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><a name="page247"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 247</span>This
+Ben Pimlico, and the ale named after him, are both spoken of with
+equal laudation by the dramatists&mdash;by Ben Jonson more
+especially, who lived in the neighbourhood, and doubtless was
+familiar with both.&nbsp; But in his play of &ldquo;The
+Alchemist,&rdquo; the allusion, I think, points to a bygone
+place:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;<i>Lovewit</i>: The neighbours tell me all
+here that the doors<br />
+Have still been open&mdash;</p>
+<p><i>Face</i>: How, sir!</p>
+<p><i>Lovewit</i>: Gallants, men and women,<br />
+And of all sorts, tag-rag, been seen to flock here<br />
+In threwes, these ten weeks, as to a <i>second Hogsdon</i><br />
+<i>In days of Pimlico and Eyebright</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>This evidence of Jonson I think conclusive that the original
+Ben Pimlico&rsquo;s had gone.&nbsp; The question is where; and my
+reply is, to Ebury.&nbsp; The reasons are&mdash;</p>
+<p>1st.&nbsp; We had in this locality a pathway known as the
+Willow Walk, and there is such yet remaining at Hoxton.</p>
+<p>2nd.&nbsp; The movement of places of amusement to the western
+suburbs commenced in the time of James I.&nbsp; At this time the
+Exchange, Islington, and Hoxton began to lose their charms, and
+pleasure-folk went to Spring Garden, the Mulberry Garden,
+&amp;c.</p>
+<p><a name="page248"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+248</span>Though this argument, if such it can be called, is
+wholly inferential, I do not think there is anything to oppose to
+it, unless the number of places called Pimlico <a
+name="citation248"></a><a href="#footnote248"
+class="citation">[248]</a> tells against the view taken.&nbsp;
+But here, again, the probability is that they borrowed their
+names from the one at Hoxton, because of its popularity; and the
+coincidence of the Willow Walk is moreover wanting: what I argue
+for is, that on the decay, for some reason or other, of Ben
+Pimlico&rsquo;s establishment at Hoxton, he, or some one
+belonging to it, came to Ebury, formed his Willow Walk leading to
+the house, and his popularity being so great, the village became
+gradually to be called after him, and its ancient appellation
+imperceptibly lost.</p>
+<p>That part of Pimlico now in St. Paul&rsquo;s district was, in
+the last century, a complete moral wilderness.&nbsp; As is
+apparent to the present day, the dwellings were of the meanest
+character; and it was only the infamous who long lived
+here.&nbsp; Jerry Abershaw lived in a house along the Willow
+Walk; and Maclean the highwayman, whom the ladies went to see
+(according <a name="page249"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+249</span>to Horace Walpole), also lived on this spot.&nbsp; Its
+secure condition for persons of this description may be imagined,
+when it is recollected that there was, previous to 1768, no
+direct road to this part.&nbsp; The only way was from Chelsea;
+the road through Belgrave Place was not fit for carriages till
+this time.&nbsp; It was then completed and carried on to the
+Stonebridge, a bridge over the Westbourne, by the end of
+Wilderness Row.&nbsp; Parties going to Ranelagh by coach went
+along the King&rsquo;s Road, a roadway to the left leading to the
+Grove; but in that day the silent highway of the Thames was much
+used, and as the ballad tells, the &ldquo;fine city ladies&rdquo;
+delighted in a voyage to Ranelagh or Vauxhall.</p>
+<p>The Grosvenor Canal, which forms the boundary of our district
+on one side, was formed in 1823; its head had been the property
+of the Chelsea Waterworks Company, who in that year removed their
+works to their late position at Ranelagh.&nbsp; The canal enters
+the Thames a few yards eastward of the new Pimlico Bridge, the
+story of which is too recent, and too much one of &ldquo;discord
+dire&rdquo; to obtain further notice in these pages.</p>
+<p><a name="page250"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 250</span>At
+the foot, where the Pimlico Bridge now stands, was the
+&ldquo;White House,&rdquo; a lonely habitation by the river side,
+used once by anglers; opposite to which, on the Surrey side,
+stood the &ldquo;Red House,&rdquo; a still more noted place of
+resort.&nbsp; Fifty yards westward of this spot, according to
+Maitland, C&aelig;sar crossed the Thames, on his second
+expedition into Britain; but the opinion of Maitland is not
+generally shared in by antiquaries, who, notwithstanding the
+arguments advanced by different writers, in favour of spots they
+themselves have fixed on, yet in general adhere to the opinion of
+the father of English antiquaries, and agree with Camden, that
+this passage of the Thames was at Coway Stakes.&nbsp;
+Nevertheless it must be borne in mind, that many relics of this
+period have been found in the bed of the Thames at and about this
+spot; and during the progress of the bridge, coins and relics of
+a later time, many of which were Roman, were also discovered.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">St. Barnabas&rsquo; College</span>
+consists of a Church, a Residentiary-house for the Clergy
+attached thereto, and a School-house, with residence for the
+teachers.&nbsp; The design originated with the <a
+name="page251"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 251</span>Rev. W. J.
+E. Bennett, and the ground was the gift of the Marquis of
+Westminster.&nbsp; The commencement of the work was with the
+School-house, the foundation-stone of which was laid June 11th,
+1846 (St. Barnabas&rsquo; Day); the foundation-stone of the
+Church was laid twelve months later, on which occasion the new
+School-house was formally opened; and on St. Barnabas&rsquo; Day,
+1850, the Church was consecrated by the late Bishop of
+London.</p>
+<p>The architecture, chosen by Mr. Cundy, under whose
+superintendence the College was erected, is the Early
+Pointed.&nbsp; The Church has a tower and spire of Caen stone,
+containing ten bells, the gift of as many parishioners; it is 170
+ft. high.&nbsp; The interior is of great splendour, the open roof
+being finely painted, and the windows throughout of stained
+glass, by Wailes, of Newcastle, and representing incidents of the
+life of St. Barnabas.&nbsp; The chancel is separated from the
+body of the Church by a carved oak screen; the other wood
+fittings are also of oak.&nbsp; The lectern (a brass eagle), the
+communion-plate, font, and other costly ornaments, were the gifts
+of private individuals.</p>
+<p>The Church has sittings for about 1,000 persons, <a
+name="page252"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 252</span>all of
+which are free.&nbsp; It was erected entirely by voluntary
+contributions, and under the energetic incumbency of Mr.
+Bennett.&nbsp; Its cost has been about &pound;15,000, of which
+the expense of the carcase of the Church, vestries, and buildings
+attached, amounted to &pound;10,232.</p>
+<p>St. Barnabas is but a Chapel-of-Ease to St. Paul&rsquo;s, and
+is under the same legal government.&nbsp; Churchwardens are,
+however, appointed by the Incumbent of St. Paul&rsquo;s for the
+maintenance of order and other similar offices; but, in other
+respects, the usual legal duties devolve on the wardens of St.
+Paul&rsquo;s.&nbsp; The Schools are designed for 600
+children&mdash;200 each of boys, girls, and infants.</p>
+<p>During the Anti-Papal agitation of 1850, this Church was more
+than once the scene of unseemly disturbances on the part of the
+mob, and, to suppress which, it was necessary to call in the aid
+of the police.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Avery Farm Row</span> doubtless is a
+remnant in name of some rural time.&nbsp; A family named Avery
+frequently appear in the registers of Knightsbridge Chapel, from
+1663 to 1691; the probability is they were farmers here.&nbsp;
+Another Avery Row runs parallel to Bond Street.</p>
+<p><a name="page253"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 253</span><span
+class="smcap">Blomfield Terrace</span> was so named after the
+late Bishop of London.&nbsp; At No. 1, the late Captain Warner,
+so well known for his <i>invention</i> of the &ldquo;long
+range,&rdquo; died in December 5th, 1853.&nbsp; He had long
+resided in the locality, and was well known in it.&nbsp; He left
+seven children with their mother, in great distress, for whom the
+Hon. and Rev. Robert Liddell made a public appeal; but it
+afterwards transpired his wife was living in receipt of parochial
+relief at Ashford.&nbsp; Warner was buried in the West Brompton
+Cemetery.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Commercial Road</span> (The), on the
+right-hand side of the canal, is occupied almost entirely by
+factories, workshops, and the dwellings of those employed
+therein.&nbsp; A &ldquo;House of Refuge,&rdquo; under the
+management of the clergy of the parish, is situated here; and
+also a Ragged School, both supported by public contributions.</p>
+<p>Jenny&rsquo;s Whim Bridge, sometime called the Wooden, and now
+Ebury Bridge, crosses the canal at the north end of the
+Commercial Road.&nbsp; Here was a turnpike, similarly named, till
+1825.&nbsp; Jenny&rsquo;s Whim was a very celebrated place of
+amusement, on the site of St. <a name="page254"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 254</span>George&rsquo;s Row.&nbsp; It was
+equally the resort of high and low, and with all classes was for
+a lengthened period a favourite place of recreation.&nbsp; I
+never could unearth the origin of the name, but presume the
+tradition told me by an old inhabitant was the correct account,
+viz., that it was so called from its first landlady, who caused
+the gardens to be laid out in so fantastic a manner, as to cause
+the expressive little noun to be affixed to the pretty and
+familiar christian name she bore.&nbsp; Angelo says it was
+established by a celebrated pyrotechnist in the reign of George
+I.&nbsp; The house had a large breakfast room, and the grounds,
+though not large, contained a bowling green, alcoves, arbours,
+and flower beds, with a fish pond in the centre.&nbsp; There was
+also a cock-pit; and in a pond adjacent the brutal sport of
+duck-hunting was carried on.&nbsp; This is alluded to in the
+following sketch, quoted from the <i>Connoisseur</i>, May 15,
+1775:&mdash;&ldquo;The lower sort of people have their Ranelaghs
+and their Vauxhalls as well as the quality.&nbsp; Perrot&rsquo;s
+inimitable grotto may be seen, for only calling for a pint of
+beer; and the royal diversion of duck-hunting may be had into the
+bargain, together with a decanter <a name="page255"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 255</span>of Dorchester, for your sixpence, at
+Jenny&rsquo;s Whim.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Angelo says:&mdash;&ldquo;It was much frequented, from its
+novelty being an inducement to allure the curious, by its amusing
+deceptions.&nbsp; Here was a large garden; in different parts
+were recesses, and by treading on a spring&mdash;taking you by
+surprise&mdash;up started different figures, some ugly enough to
+frighten you&mdash;a harlequin, a Mother Shipton, or some
+terrific animal.&nbsp; In a large piece of water facing the tea
+alcoves, large fish or mermaids were showing themselves above the
+surface.&rdquo;&nbsp; Horace Walpole, in his Letters,
+occasionally alludes to Jenny&rsquo;s Whim; in one to Montagu he
+spitefully says&mdash;&ldquo;Here (at Vauxhall) we picked up Lord
+Granby, arrived very drunk from Jenny&rsquo;s Whim.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Towards the close of the last century, Jenny&rsquo;s Whim
+began to decline; its morning visitors were not so numerous, and
+opposition was also powerful.&nbsp; It gradually became
+forgotten, and at last sunk to the condition of a beer-house, and
+about 1804 the business altogether ceased.</p>
+<p>Jenny&rsquo;s Whim has more than once served the novelist for
+an illustration; see &ldquo;Maids of <a name="page256"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 256</span>Honour; a Tale of the Times of
+George the First:&rdquo;&mdash;&ldquo;There were gardens,&rdquo;
+says the writer, mentioning the place, &ldquo;attached to it, and
+a bowling green; and parties were frequently made, composed of
+ladies and gentlemen, to enjoy a day&rsquo;s amusement there in
+eating strawberries and cream, syllabubs, cake, and taking other
+refreshments, of which a great variety could be procured, with
+cider, perry, ale, wine, and other liquors in abundance.&nbsp;
+The gentlemen played at bowls&mdash;some employed themselves at
+skittles; whilst the ladies amused themselves at a swing, or
+walked about the garden, admiring the sunflowers, hollyhocks, the
+Duke of Malborough cut out of a filbert tree, and the roses and
+daisies, currants and gooseberries, that spread their alluring
+charms in every path.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;This was a favourite rendezvous for lovers in courting
+time&mdash;a day&rsquo;s pleasure at Jenny&rsquo;s Whim being
+considered by the fair one the most enticing enjoyment that could
+be offered her; and often the hearts of the most obdurate have
+given way beneath the influence of its attractions.&nbsp;
+Jenny&rsquo;s Whim, therefore, had always, during the season,
+plenty of pleasant <a name="page257"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+257</span>parties of young people of both sexes.&nbsp; Sometimes
+all its chambers were filled, and its gardens thronged by gay and
+sentimental visitors.&rdquo; <a name="citation257"></a><a
+href="#footnote257" class="citation">[257]</a></p>
+<p>The house is still partly standing, and by its red brick and
+lattice-work may be easily identified.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Graham Street</span>.&mdash;In this street
+lived and died a man for many years well known in London, James
+Thornton.&nbsp; He was <i>cook</i> to the Duke of Wellington
+throughout the Peninsular and Waterloo campaigns.&nbsp; When, on
+the death of his great master, it was stated in the papers that
+the Duke&rsquo;s dinner on the eventful 18th of June was dressed
+by a Frenchman, he indignantly wrote to the <i>Times</i>,
+claiming his honour.&nbsp; He possessed an unlimited fund of
+anecdote, and used to boast he buried Lord Anglesea&rsquo;s leg,
+and helped to support Raglan at the amputation of his arm.&nbsp;
+Thornton died in 1853.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Grosvenor Row</span>, together with Queen
+Street and Jews&rsquo; Row, form one thoroughfare.&nbsp; It <a
+name="page258"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 258</span>formerly
+was one of the most remarkable streets in or around the
+metropolis, and, to a great extent, is so now.&nbsp; To Jews Row
+came Wilkie to sketch his &ldquo;Chelsea Pensioner reading the
+Account of the Battle of Waterloo,&rdquo; painted for the Duke of
+Wellington.&nbsp; The iron gate shown in the picture is still to
+be seen.&nbsp; The numerous signs bear witness to the military
+air of the neighbourhood, such as &ldquo;The Snow Shoes,&rdquo; a
+recollection of Wolfe&rsquo;s glorious campaign, the
+&ldquo;General Elliott,&rdquo; and the &ldquo;Duke of
+York.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Grosvenor Row, which terminates at the Stone Bridge (as the
+place is marked in old plans), was built in 1768.&nbsp; At the
+end is the &ldquo;Nell Gwynn,&rdquo; a tavern named after the
+mistress of Charles II.&nbsp; Its sign-board was originally
+decorated with her likeness; and the legend, firmly believed by
+old Chelsea folk, that to her the noble institution adjacent owes
+its foundation, was painted underneath.&nbsp; Nell&rsquo;s
+residence at Sandy End has been doubted by Mr. Cunningham.&nbsp;
+It is certain that her mother resided near the Neate Houses in
+Pimlico; and, in the records of Knightsbridge Chapel, there are
+occasionally entries of the <a name="page259"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 259</span>name&mdash;connections not
+improbably of the royal mistress.&nbsp; One of the entries, Jan.
+13, 1667, records the marriage of Robert Hands and Mary Gwin, the
+former being the name of a family long resident freeholders in
+Pimlico, and to whom Chelsea Bun House, which I am now about to
+notice, belonged.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Chelsea Bun House</span> was established
+early in the eighteenth century, but the exact time is
+unknown.&nbsp; It had obtained a reputation for its buns as early
+as 1712; for in that year, Swift, who then resided at Chelsea,
+mentions buying one of them in his walks.&nbsp; It soon became
+quite a fashionable resort of a morning: even the Royal Family
+used familiarly to visit Mrs. Hands, who was a complete living
+history of all the affairs of the district, and of those who came
+thither.&nbsp; To her customers her garrulous anecdote was a fund
+of amusement, and her house and colonnade were continually
+crowded with loungers.&nbsp; George II., his Queen, and their
+family, patronised the place, and were frequently to be seen
+laying siege to its delicacies.&nbsp; George III., too, after he
+had ascended the throne, did not forget the spot where, in his
+childhood, he had paid many a pleasant <a
+name="page260"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 260</span>visit; and
+in his turn, when his family was young, he and Queen Charlotte
+frequently accompanied it thither.&nbsp; The latter presented
+Mrs. Hands with a silver half-gallon mug, highly ornamented, and
+five guineas at its bottom, as a testimony of her appreciation of
+the attentions bestowed on the royal children.</p>
+<p>On Good Fridays the concourse of people drawn hither was
+immense.&nbsp; Business on this day was always commenced at four
+o&rsquo;clock in the morning, by which time numbers of customers
+were waiting; and on some occasions it has been estimated that
+fifty thousand persons have assembled here for hours before eight
+o&rsquo;clock.&nbsp; Occasionally the crowd became unruly, and
+disturbances ensued, and it was found necessary to close the
+establishment partially.&nbsp; Handbills of a warning character
+were issued, and constables stationed to preserve order.</p>
+<p>When Ranelagh declined from its zenith, the Bun House
+experienced the reverse of fortune.&nbsp; Parties visiting the
+former generally called to patronise the latter before they
+entered; and the success of the one depended more perhaps than
+would have been easily <a name="page261"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 261</span>credited on that of the other, and
+it gradually dwindled away to complete insignificance.</p>
+<p>The Bun House consisted of but one storey, was about 50 ft. in
+length by 14 ft. in breadth, with a colonnade in front projecting
+over the pavement, and affording a convenient shelter in wet
+weather.&nbsp; The interior was fitted up in a perfectly unique
+manner; the array of curiosities of every kind, and various
+countries, forming a collection amusing and grotesque.&nbsp;
+There were artificial and natural curiosities, the former
+including models of St. Mary Redcliffe, and of a ship; clocks of
+curious devices, and a model on horseback of the Duke of
+Cumberland, in the costume worn at Culloden; two grenadiers in
+the costume of the same period, four feet in height, in lead, and
+weighing each nearly two hundredweight.&nbsp; There were also
+some paintings, the most famous of which was the portrait of
+Aurungzebe, Emperor of Hindostan.&nbsp; The natural curiosities
+consisted of stuffed birds and animals, minerals, ores, and
+similar rarities, arranged in cases; while the furniture, antique
+in manufacture, multifarious in design, strong in make, and
+comfortable in use, added to the peculiarity of <a
+name="page262"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 262</span>the place,
+and its attractions.&nbsp; In the King&rsquo;s collection in the
+British Museum is an engraving of &ldquo;A Perspective View of
+Richard Hands&rsquo; Bun House, at Chelsea, who has the Honour to
+serve the Royal Family.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Various improvements being carried out in this part of
+Pimlico, in accordance with an Act of Parliament (introduced by
+Sir Matthew Wood), passed in 1839, the Bun House was condemned
+and pulled down in that year; preserving its ancient appearance,
+though not its ancient reputation, to the last.</p>
+<p>After Mrs. Hands died, her son carried on the business.&nbsp;
+He was a most eccentric character, and dealt also largely in
+butter, which in all weathers he carried about the streets in a
+basket.&nbsp; He, like his mother, was thoroughly versed in the
+lore of the district, and like the old Bluegown in Scott&rsquo;s
+&ldquo;Antiquary,&rdquo; was the bearer of its news as well as
+butter.&nbsp; He was much respected in the neighbourhood; and on
+his death, an elder brother, who had entered the army, and was
+then a poor knight of Windsor, became proprietor.&nbsp; He also
+was eccentric in manner, and peculiar in costume; and on his
+death, leaving no friends or <a name="page263"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 263</span>relatives, the property was claimed
+by the Crown.</p>
+<p>Chelsea Bun, House has given name to one of Miss
+Manning&rsquo;s novels, published in 1854.</p>
+<p>Opposite to the Bun House stood Stromboli House and gardens, a
+minor place of recreation, at its height about 1788; on the site
+of St. Barnabas&rsquo; College stood the Orange tavern and
+tea-gardens.&nbsp; Here was a private theatre, at which the local
+genii of the sock and buskin performed to their admiring
+neighbours; and at the junction of Grosvenor Row and Ebury Street
+stood an old inn, a relic of the Republicans in the
+neighbourhood, and which bore one of the peculiar and
+enthusiastic appellations of that period&mdash;<i>God
+encompasseth us</i>.&nbsp; This was corrupted into &ldquo;The
+Goat and Compasses,&rdquo; an absurd and unmeaning sign, but the
+modern inn is now called simply &ldquo;The Compasses.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Ranelagh Grove and Terrace</span> is so
+named from the celebrated place of amusement of our ancestors;
+but is in the parish of Chelsea, and therefore not within our
+design.&nbsp; At No. 2, Ranelagh Terrace, died the Rev. Thomas
+Pennington, nephew of the celebrated Elizabeth <a
+name="page264"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+264</span>Carter.&nbsp; He was author of two works of foreign
+travel, and also of &ldquo;Memoirs of the Grand Dukes of the
+House of Medici.&rdquo;&nbsp; He died December 21st, 1852, in his
+92nd year.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Upper Ebury Street</span>.&mdash;Part only
+of this street is within the district of St. Paul&rsquo;s; in it
+died Rodwell, the composer, and William Skelton, a celebrated
+engraver.&nbsp; Skelton&rsquo;s productions are numerous, and
+extend over a lengthened period, among them a series of portraits
+of the reigning family from George III. to our present
+Queen.&nbsp; He died here, August 13th, 1848, in his 86th year,
+and was buried in Brompton Cemetery.</p>
+<p>Several places of public entertainment were in the
+neighbourhood of Ebury Street, the chief of which were &ldquo;The
+Star and Garter&rdquo; and &ldquo;The Dwarf;&rdquo; both were in
+their heyday about 1760; and notices of them were frequent in the
+papers of the time.&nbsp; &ldquo;The Cherokee Chiefs,&rdquo;
+objects of wonder in 1760, and alluded to in Goldsmith&rsquo;s
+&ldquo;Citizen of the World,&rdquo; were frequently to be seen
+here.&nbsp; &ldquo;The Star and Garter&rdquo; stood near to the
+end of Burton Street, &ldquo;The Dwarf&rdquo; on the site of the
+factory in Elizabeth Street.&nbsp; There were besides <a
+name="page265"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 265</span>these,
+places of minor resort, mere tea-gardens.&nbsp; &ldquo;To drink
+tea at Pimlico&rdquo; became proverbial in the last
+century.&nbsp; Here came from the close streets, to inhale the
+purer air of the fields, hundreds of the working-classes; more
+especially on the Sunday they poured forth, old and young,
+married and single.&nbsp; Gay says of the spring-time&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Then Chelsea&rsquo;s meads o&rsquo;erhear
+perfidious vows,<br />
+And the press&rsquo;d grass defrauds the grazing cows.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>One of these places was attached to the house now numbered
+75.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Westbourne Place</span> is a neat double
+row of houses (deriving its name from the stream) joining Eaton
+and Sloane Squares.&nbsp; No. 2 was the house taken in 1808 by
+Colonel Wardle for the notorious Mary Ann Clarke, as part
+recompense for the services she was to render in the prosecution
+of the inquiry into the conduct of the Duke of York.&nbsp; Into
+the history of this disgraceful connection I do not intend to
+enter, any more than to say, that afterwards an action was
+brought against Colonel Wardle for the value of the furniture
+supplied to this house, as was alleged, on the faith of his
+personal promise.&nbsp; William Thomas Lewis, for many <a
+name="page266"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 266</span>years a
+popular comedian, and acting manager of Covent Garden Theatre,
+died at his residence in Westbourne Place on January 13th,
+1811.&nbsp; No. 23 was once the residence of Miss Corbaux,
+celebrated as a painter, and for her knowledge in those most
+recondite of studies, the histories and languages of the ancient
+nations of the East.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Westbourne Street</span> branches off
+Westbourne Place.&nbsp; Mr. Smith, author of &ldquo;A History of
+Marylebone,&rdquo; once lived here.&nbsp; In this street is a
+Baptist Chapel.&nbsp; Formerly, on a part of this ground, was
+York Hospital, a dep&ocirc;t for invalid soldiers, and named
+after the Duke of York.&nbsp; Here for two years, <i>without
+pay</i>, Mr. Guthrie, the eminent surgeon, attended on the poor
+fellows maimed at Waterloo.&nbsp; The establishment, in 1819, was
+removed to Chatham.</p>
+<h2><a name="page267"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+267</span>CHAPTER VI.<br />
+<span class="GutSmall">SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SUMMARY.</span></h2>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;The more carefully we examine the history
+of the past, the more reason shall we find to dissent from those
+who imagine that our age has been fruitful of new social
+evils.&nbsp; The truth is that the evils are, with scarcely an
+exception, old.&nbsp; That which is new is the intelligence which
+discerns, and the humanity which remedies
+them.&rdquo;&mdash;<span class="smcap">Macaulay</span>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><span class="smcap">Having</span> with the previous chapter
+brought my account of Knightsbridge to a close, I cannot more
+appropriately conclude than by a few remarks on subjects coming
+within the scope of the heading of this chapter.&nbsp; But here
+again my notes must necessarily be meagre and brief, for
+Knightsbridge never having been of itself parochial, books, such
+as generally form the staple of such chapters as this, have never
+been kept to show, with the accuracy parish books do, the rise
+and progress of the place.</p>
+<p>The population of the parish of St. George, <a
+name="page268"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 268</span>Hanover
+Square, was, according to the census of 1851, 73,230 persons, of
+whom 40,034 were within the two wards of Knightsbridge and
+Pimlico; and of this number, about 14,000 are resident in the
+district of St. Paul&rsquo;s.&nbsp; The population of All
+Saints&rsquo; district cannot with accuracy be tested, a large
+part of it lying beyond our bounds; and building having made very
+extensive progress even since 1851, its population has increased
+in proportion.</p>
+<p>In 1578, Mr. Walcot states only six persons were rated by the
+St. Margaret&rsquo;s overseers in Knightsbridge and Kensington;
+and in 1687 only five people are rated in St. Martin&rsquo;s
+books for the whole of Pimlico.</p>
+<p>The progress of building appears to have taken place not so
+much progressively as in two distinct movements.&nbsp; The first
+was from 1770 to 1780, and the other from 1825 to our own time;
+on examination, it will be found that few of our streets were
+built at other periods.&nbsp; A letter before me of a skilled
+carpenter, written in 1783, tells his friends in the country he
+gets 2s. 8d. per day for his labour, and that he is allowed to
+make seven days per week, &ldquo;and if the peace
+continueth&rdquo; he shall be able to <a name="page269"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 269</span>realise 20s. or a guinea per week;
+for his lodging he paid 2s. per week.&nbsp; If this was a fair
+sample of the rate of wages then, the mechanic&rsquo;s financial
+condition must have improved to an extent little credited perhaps
+by themselves.</p>
+<p>The air of Knightsbridge has always been considered pure and
+salubrious.&nbsp; Swift brought Harrison to the place for the
+benefit of pure air; and fifty years since it still maintained
+the character, for Lady Hester Stanhope sent a faithful footman
+here for the same relief.&nbsp; Constitution Hill and Montpelier
+Square derived their names from this fact.&nbsp; The main street
+of Knightsbridge, from Hyde Park Corner to Kensington, stands on
+a peculiar but well-defined terrace of the London clay, which
+separates the gravels of Hyde Park from those more southward, <a
+name="citation269"></a><a href="#footnote269"
+class="citation">[269]</a> and is rather more than thirty feet
+deep.&nbsp; The yellow gravel of Hyde Park, says Sir Charles
+Lyell, is, comparatively speaking, of modern date, consisting of
+slightly rolled angular fragments, in which portions of the white
+opaque coating of the original chalk-flint remain
+uncovered.&nbsp; Southward of the clayey line <a
+name="page270"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 270</span>just
+mentioned the surface soil is a &ldquo;made&rdquo; one.&nbsp;
+Underneath the native earth are thick layers of sand, beneath
+which is a blue clayey earth, and then a sediment, consisting
+chiefly of cockle and oyster shells, which beautifully retain
+their appearance.&nbsp; Thus the soil of our locality is a porous
+one, and rapidly absorbs the surface water; an advantage greatly
+tending to the health of the inhabitants, for parts of Pimlico
+are but slightly above high-water mark, and the air would
+consequently be very moist and relaxing.</p>
+<p>In a sanitary point of view all is not fair, even in
+Belgravia; behind its imposing mansions many a foul spot is
+hypocritically hidden; and although much has been done by the
+medical officer, there yet remains plenty of work on hand for
+him: too many spots yet requiring thorough transformation, and a
+vigilant watch to be kept, that selfishness be not permitted to
+triumph over public good. <a name="citation270"></a><a
+href="#footnote270" class="citation">[270]</a></p>
+<p>The local government of part of Knightsbridge and Belgravia
+was formerly undertaken by a Board of Trustees chosen by
+authority of <a name="page271"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+271</span>an Act of Parliament passed in 1829.&nbsp; This was one
+of the local measures swept away by the general Act of Sir B.
+Hall; and now the Knightsbridge ward (extending to Ebury Street)
+returns twenty-seven members to the vestry of St. George, as
+constituted by his bill.&nbsp; The other parts of the hamlet were
+under control from various bodies deriving authority under
+several Acts of Parliament, but now belong to wards of the
+parishes in which they are situated.&nbsp; The bill passed by Sir
+B. Hall, though perhaps not all that could be desired, is yet
+calculated to effect an immense improvement over the old system,
+which in this locality, conflicting with other interests and
+regulations, worked but poorly.&nbsp; Many of the improvements
+and alterations, appearing in themselves to be but trifling, yet,
+when looked at in the aggregate, are of great benefit and
+importance, were effected by the energy of individuals instead of
+the action of the local board.&nbsp; One instance will
+suffice.&nbsp; The footway between the Spring Gate and Hyde Park
+Corner remained a gravel walk, which in winter time became mere
+slush, until some of the inhabitants at length caused the
+Government to pave it in 1854; and even <a
+name="page272"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 272</span>the
+&ldquo;crossing&rdquo; from the Spring Gate to St. George&rsquo;s
+Place was paid for by Mr. Westerton and one or two other
+inhabitants.</p>
+<p>In politics, in the days of Burdett, the Knightsbridgites were
+generally Radicals of the first water.&nbsp; Burdett was in every
+respect their man.&nbsp; He and Hobhouse once started on their
+&ldquo;chairing&rdquo; from the house at the corner of Sloane
+Street.</p>
+<p>The right of voting for representatives is not the only
+privilege the inhabitants of the hamlet enjoy.&nbsp; Those who
+are in the All Saints District are qualified for all the numerous
+hospitals and charities in the parish of St. Margaret&rsquo;s,
+which are among the best and most liberal in the metropolis.</p>
+<p>The Government having decided on erecting at the
+&ldquo;Gore&rdquo; museums and galleries for our National
+Collections, it is only reasonable to believe that such will
+result in a thorough revolution in the locality.&nbsp; Such has
+already taken place at the Gore and Brompton, and it behoves
+those who have the local management in their hands to render the
+neighbourhood a fit one for such establishments.&nbsp; The
+improvement of its approaches should, above all things, <a
+name="page273"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 273</span>be
+considered; and in the main street of our hamlet there is yet,
+unluckily, too much room for improvement.&nbsp; It would be a
+worthy entrance to the capital of the kingdom, if the many
+abominations now offending the eye could be removed; and it is
+doubtful if there is any valid reason for not setting to at the
+work right earnestly.&nbsp; If the Park could be thrown open all
+the way from Apsley House to the Chapel (for it is hopeless to
+expect the removal of the vulgar monsters at Albert Gate), and
+again continued to include the Barracks, such would render the
+roadway the most beautiful and fine in every way; would add to
+its healthiness by allowing the free air to circulate, and
+ultimately prove to be of the most lasting benefit to the
+community.&nbsp; But if in course of time the present buildings
+are but to make way for others, it will not only perpetuate a
+nuisance, but a disgrace. <a name="citation273"></a><a
+href="#footnote273" class="citation">[273]</a></p>
+<p>I believe I have now noticed all that (in accordance with my
+plan) requires illustration from me.&nbsp; I therefore close the
+subject, and trust the reader will say &ldquo;Farewell&rdquo; to
+it with <a name="page274"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+274</span>a spirit of satisfaction; that at least in some respect
+amusement has been afforded and instruction gained; and that the
+time spent in perusing these pages will not, in the end, have
+been considered unprofitably employed.&nbsp; Good reader,
+farewell!</p>
+<h2><a name="page275"></a><span class="pagenum">p.
+275</span>APPENDICES.</h2>
+<h3>APPENDIX I.<br />
+<span class="GutSmall">KNIGHTSBRIDGE A FAMILY NAME.</span></h3>
+<p><span class="smcap">In</span> the Issue Roll of the Exchequer,
+edited by Frederick Devon, are several payments in the 43rd Henry
+III. to Henry de Knythebrig, Nicholas de Eye, and others,
+carpenters employed at the King&rsquo;s Palace.&nbsp; A Richard
+Knightsbridge was rector of Sheatham in 1640; and the name,
+though rarely, may still occasionally be met with.</p>
+<h3>APPENDIX II.<br />
+<span class="GutSmall">THE CROMWELL TRADITION.</span></h3>
+<p><span class="smcap">Until</span> the year 1853 there stood a
+curious and lonely mansion in the Brompton Lanes known as
+Cromwell House.&nbsp; The original name was Hale House, but it
+was never called by it within the memory of any now living.&nbsp;
+There are one or two versions of the story attached to this old
+house printed; but they do not entirely agree with that which I
+have always heard&mdash;to the effect, that on some occasion
+Cromwell&rsquo;s troop was quartered at Knightsbridge; and he one
+day venturing to stray among the lanes of Brompton, was met by
+some cavaliers who knew him, and pursued him to this house, where
+he was sheltered till assistance arrived from Knightsbridge and
+liberated him.&nbsp; And a confirmation was presumed to exist in
+the inscription on the inn&rsquo;s front at Knightsbridge that
+Oliver&rsquo;s bodyguard <a name="page276"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 276</span>was once quartered there, and that
+it was once his &ldquo;posting-house.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>I am perfectly aware that almost every village has its
+Cromwellian legend, and also that every endeavour to connect the
+Protector and this mansion has hitherto failed.&nbsp; But I own I
+am by no means inclined to throw over the pleasing belief
+entirely.&nbsp; There is a charity at Kensington still, called
+Cromwell&rsquo;s Gift, which always has been ascribed by parish
+officers and inhabitants to the generosity of the great ruler;
+and although this is unaccountably not entered in the parish
+books, I do not consider such an omission a reason for
+disbelieving the history handed down by successive generations of
+parish officers, and still to be read in the church porch.&nbsp;
+In true earnest, I think the omission favourable to my
+view.&nbsp; No other origin has ever been assigned to the
+charity; and the church authorities at the Restoration would
+scarcely have permitted a laudatory inscription to the Protector
+to remain.&nbsp; There are no other claimants, and never were:
+the tradition is, and always has been, that to Oliver Cromwell
+Kensington is indebted for this charity, and to him alone.</p>
+<p>What reason, then, for this remembrance?&nbsp; The old legend
+of Cromwell House, is the answer.&nbsp; We know the Parliament
+forces were frequently quartered here.&nbsp; Through
+Knightsbridge ran the high-road from Oxford; and Cavaliers
+proceeding thence would most probably take the bye-road as they
+neared the metropolis.&nbsp; And the idea is surely not an
+improbable one that Cromwell may have been met with in the manner
+related.</p>
+<p>So far for the legend; but apart from this is another
+consideration.&nbsp; In 1668, the Lawrences of Shurdington, in
+Gloucestershire, rented Cromwell House of the Methwolds.&nbsp; <a
+name="page277"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 277</span>Henry
+Lawrence was President of Cromwell&rsquo;s Privy Council, and in
+other ways a staunch adherent of his policy.&nbsp; If it could be
+proved he resided here at any time during his official career, a
+new light would be thrown on the subject, and probably clear it
+up.&nbsp; On the whole, therefore, I consider there are grounds,
+though they may be but slight, for not entirely discarding the
+tradition, which may yet be some day entirely unravelled.</p>
+<h3>APPENDIX III.<br />
+<span class="GutSmall">ACT FOR BUILDING ALBERT GATE.</span></h3>
+<p><span class="smcap">As</span> the Act of Parliament which
+authorised the improvement at Albert Gate may prove hereafter to
+be one greatly affecting the inhabitants of the hamlet and the
+frequenters of the Park, the clause relating to Knightsbridge is
+here appended.</p>
+<p>The Bill passed May 10th, 1841, and received the Royal Assent
+a short time following:&mdash;</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Anno Quarto Victori&aelig; Regin&aelig;, Chapter
+XII.&nbsp; An Act to enable Her Majesty&rsquo;s Commissioners of
+Woods to make a new Street from Coventry Street, Piccadilly, to
+Long Acre, and for other Improvements in the
+Metropolis.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>Clause LXXVII.&mdash;And whereas it is in contemplation by the
+Commissioners of Her Majesty&rsquo;s Woods, Forests, Land
+Revenues, Works, and Buildings, to recommend to Her Majesty, with
+a view to public Improvement and the Accommodation of the
+Inhabitants of the new Squares, Streets, and Places, that have
+lately been erected and formed in the neighbourhood of
+Knightsbridge, in the County of Middlesex, to make a new
+Thoroughfare and Opening into Hyde Park, subject to such
+Regulations as Her Majesty may approve of: And whereas the Dean
+and Chapter of the Collegiate Church of Saint Peter Westminster
+<a name="page278"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 278</span>are the
+Owners of certain Ground and Houses on the North Side of the
+Knightsbridge Road, and immediately adjoining that part of Hyde
+Park where the intended Opening is proposed to be made, and it is
+essential to the Accomplishment of the projected Improvements
+that the said Dean and Chapter should have Power to sell, or to
+lease for any Term not exceeding ninety-nine Years, to the said
+Commissioners of Her Majesty&rsquo;s Woods, Forests, Land
+Revenues, Works, and Buildings, certain small Portions of such
+Ground and Houses, for the Purpose of enabling the said
+Commissioners to make the said intended Opening, and to erect
+Houses of a suitable Class and Elevation on each Side thereof, be
+it enacted, That it shall be lawful for the said Dean and Chapter
+of the Collegiate Church of Saint Peter Westminster, and they are
+hereby authorised and empowered to contract for, Sell, and convey
+to Her Majesty, Her Heirs and Successors, at such Price or Prices
+as shall be agreed upon, or ascertained in manner prescribed by
+the Act hereinafter referred to, to be the fair value thereof,
+all or any Part of the Ground and Hereditaments hereinafter
+described, that is to say, all that Piece or Parcel of Ground,
+with the Cannon Brewery, the Fox and Bull Public House, and other
+Buildings, thereon erected and built, situate on the North Side
+of the Knightsbridge Road aforesaid, bounded on the East by the
+Watercourse leading from and out of the Serpentine River to the
+River Thames, and extending Westward from such Watercourse Two
+hundred and thirty Feet or thereabouts on the North and South
+Sides thereof, and containing in Breadth one hundred and thirty
+Feet or thereabouts on the West Side thereof, and One hundred
+Feet or thereabouts on the East Side thereof; and also all that
+other Piece or Parcel of Ground, with the several Messuages <a
+name="page279"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 279</span>and
+Buildings thereon erected and built, known and distinguished by
+the Nos. 23, 24, and 25, Knightsbridge, bounded on the West by
+the said Watercourse, and extending Eastwards therefrom
+Seventy-four Feet or thereabouts on the North and South Sides
+thereof, and containing in Breadth Eighty-four Feet or
+thereabouts on the West Side thereof, and Seventy Feet or
+thereabouts on the East Side thereof, with the Appurtenances; and
+that it shall be lawful for the said Dean and Chapter, and they
+are hereby authorised and empowered, by Indenture under their
+Common Seal, on the Surrender of any existing Lease or Leases of
+the same Premises, or any Part or Parts thereof, to the said
+Commissioners, or to such Person or Persons as the said
+Commissioners shall appoint on behalf of Her Majesty, Her Heirs
+and Successors, for any Term or Number of Years not exceeding
+Ninety-nine Years, at such Rent, and subject to such Covenants,
+Conditions, and Provisoes, and on such Terms as shall be agreed
+upon between the said Dean and Chapter and the said
+Commissioners, and to enter into such Contracts and Agreements
+for the Purposes aforesaid as to them shall seem proper; and all
+Contracts, Agreements, Sales, Leases, Conveyances, and
+Assurances, shall be valid and effectual in the Law to all
+Intents and Purposes whatsover.</p>
+<h3>APPENDIX IV.<br />
+<span class="GutSmall">TRINITY CHAPEL, MEMORIAL WINDOWS OF
+ST.&nbsp; PAUL&rsquo;S CHURCH, AND ST.&nbsp; PAUL&rsquo;S
+SCHOOLS.</span></h3>
+<p><span class="smcap">The</span> following brief notices are
+considered worthy of addition to the work.&nbsp; In the first
+place, the days of the Old Chapel, with its present undignified
+appearance and circumscribed circle of usefulness, are
+numbered.&nbsp; It is <a name="page280"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 280</span>purposed, so soon as Dr. Wilson can
+procure the necessary funds, some &pound;3,000, to pull down the
+present ruinous edifice, and erect a structure in its stead more
+worthy of the present position of Knightsbridge.&nbsp; Seventy
+years ago it was a poor rural hamlet: it is now a wealthy
+populous district.&nbsp; Shall its oldest institution not keep
+pace with the locality?&nbsp; May it not yet remain &ldquo;the
+Nursing Mother&rdquo; of its natural and legitimate
+district?&nbsp; It is trusted that the authorities in such
+matters may apportion it an ecclesiastical district, and thus at
+last repair the blunder perpetrated at the various parochial
+divisions to which our neighbourhood has been subjected.&nbsp; It
+may be argued that this new arrangement is unnecessary; but to an
+observer it will have appeared that when in our metropolitan
+districts new churches have been built, they have been filled,
+and work has been found for their clergy without at all lessening
+the congregation or otherwise disturbing to injury the
+constitution of the parent parish.&nbsp; We anticipate a similar
+result: the present chapel is not nearly large enough for its
+congregation; and one has only to visit St. Paul&rsquo;s to see
+that more space is wanted there.&nbsp; &ldquo;Division of work
+makes light labour;&rdquo; with what greater force will that
+apply in spiritual matters.&nbsp; We hope that the history of
+this old and useful foundation recorded in this work may so
+interest the public that they will at once so add to the
+&pound;2,000 collected by Dr. Wilson as to enable him to carry
+his praiseworthy design into effect immediately.</p>
+<p>The next point is, to the memorial windows of the Church,
+mentioned at page <span class="indexpageno"><a
+href="#page96">96</a></span>, have been added the following, in
+memory of the persons here named, one to each:&mdash;George
+Canning Backhouse, Esq.; Sir Joseph Bailey, Bart.; Arthur Stert,
+Esq.; Major-General J. Bucknall Estcourt, Adjutant-General to the
+Crimean Army; Captain the Hon. Robert <a name="page281"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 281</span>Hay Drummond, Coldstream Guards,
+wounded in the trenches before Sebastopol; Lieutenant Hubert
+Greville, Coldstream Guards, killed 5th November, 1854;
+Brigadier-General Arthur Wellesley Torrens, K.C.B.; and Captain
+Viscount Chewton, Scots Fusiliers.&nbsp; On the whole, the list
+of those for whom these are memorials is one of which those
+connected with the Church may well be proud&mdash;monuments alike
+to the illustrious dead and the pious regard of their
+survivors.</p>
+<p>The third and last addition is relating to the Schools.&nbsp;
+They will now, in the course of this year (1859), be at length
+housed in buildings fit and proper for the purpose.&nbsp; Since
+the original foundation in 1783, this has never been the
+case.&nbsp; The new buildings are of a very tasteful design, in
+the Early English style.&nbsp; They are built of white Suffolk
+bricks, in the form of a cross, with ornamental red brickwork and
+Bath-stone windows and dressings.&nbsp; They will have
+accommodation for 400 children, although the average attendance
+does not exceed, of boys 120, girls 70, infants 90; but
+occasionally the numbers are many more, as from their position
+(that part of town being half empty greater part of the year) the
+attendance is necessarily fluctuating: they are entirely
+supported by voluntary contributions and the school-pence.&nbsp;
+The education given is on the national system; and if we may
+judge from the number of young persons who, having risen to
+respectable positions in life, come occasionally to visit their
+late instructors, it is not unfruitful of good results.&nbsp; The
+estimated cost of the present edifice is &pound;3,000.&nbsp; The
+requisite residences of the teachers will be attached thereto so
+soon as the subscriptions will allow.&nbsp; The remainder of
+their history is told on the parchment enclosed in the
+foundation-stone, thus:&mdash;&ldquo;To the glory of God and the
+welfare of Christ&rsquo;s poor in <a name="page282"></a><span
+class="pagenum">p. 282</span>the communion of his Church in
+England, these parochial Schools of St. Paul&rsquo;s,
+Wilton-place, Knightsbridge, are devoted.&nbsp; The first stone
+was laid on St. Matthias&rsquo; day, in the year of our Lord
+1859, by Henry Barnett, Esq., Treasurer of the Schools; Robert
+Liddell, Parish Priest; Thomas Cundy, Architect; George Trollope,
+Builder.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<div class="gapspace">&nbsp;</div>
+
+<div class="gapshortline">&nbsp;</div>
+<p style="text-align: center">London: <span class="smcap">Taylor
+and Greening</span>, Printers, Graystoke-place, Fetter-lane.</p>
+<h2>FOOTNOTES</h2>
+<p><a name="footnote0"></a><a href="#citation0"
+class="footnote">[0]</a>&nbsp; In this Project Gutenberg eText
+the erratum has been applied.&mdash;DP.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote3"></a><a href="#citation3"
+class="footnote">[3]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;Memorials of
+Westminster,&rdquo; by Rev. Mackenzie Walcott.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote10"></a><a href="#citation10"
+class="footnote">[10]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Paddington: Past and
+Present,&rdquo; p. 22.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote11"></a><a href="#citation11"
+class="footnote">[11]</a>&nbsp; So the name is written in the
+body of the charter still preserved in the British Museum in the
+title the name is spelt &ldquo;<span
+class="smcap">Knyghtsbrigg</span>.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote14"></a><a href="#citation14"
+class="footnote">[14]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Statutes of the
+Realm,&rdquo; published by the Record Commissioners.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote19"></a><a href="#citation19"
+class="footnote">[19]</a>&nbsp; After the death of her first
+husband she married John Tregonwell, Esq., but lies in the same
+grave with the former, in St. Margaret&rsquo;s Churchyard, where
+a tomb may be still seen to their memory.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote24"></a><a href="#citation24"
+class="footnote">[24]</a>&nbsp; Faulkner&rsquo;s Brentford.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote25"></a><a href="#citation25"
+class="footnote">[25]</a>&nbsp; Dated November 27, 1736.&nbsp;
+See Lord Hervey&rsquo;s Memoirs, edited by Mr. Croker.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote26"></a><a href="#citation26"
+class="footnote">[26]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;Lives of the
+Chancellors,&rdquo; vol. iv., p. 420.&nbsp; See also
+Evelyn&rsquo;s Diary, November 15, 1699, where he complains of
+robberies here, even while coaches and travellers are
+passing.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote27a"></a><a href="#citation27a"
+class="footnote">[27a]</a>&nbsp; This year seems to have been
+prolific in such cases; the following is taken from the <i>London
+Chronicle</i>, December 27, 1774:&mdash;Mr. Jackson, of the Court
+of Requests, Westminster, was attacked at Kensington Gore, by
+four footpads: he shot one dead, and the others decamped.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote27b"></a><a href="#citation27b"
+class="footnote">[27b]</a>&nbsp; See <i>Morning Chronicle</i>,
+May 23, 1799.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote30"></a><a href="#citation30"
+class="footnote">[30]</a>&nbsp; The last oil-lamp was removed
+from Park-side about 1850.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote31"></a><a href="#citation31"
+class="footnote">[31]</a>&nbsp; See analysis, &amp;c., of these
+waters in Dr. Aldis&rsquo; Report on Sanitary Condition of this
+district, and <i>Builder</i>, October 10, 1856.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote35"></a><a href="#citation35"
+class="footnote">[35]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Notes of the Evidence
+given against Lord Howard of Escrick, at the Grand
+Inquest,&rdquo; &amp;c., a single sheet, 1681.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote39"></a><a href="#citation39"
+class="footnote">[39]</a>&nbsp; The flags are preserved in the
+United Service Museum, to which institution they were, with
+various papers, given by the Major&rsquo;s son, S. A. Eyre,
+Esq.&nbsp; There was a song written in honour of the corps by one
+Bradshaw, of which I have only been able to recover the
+chorus:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>&ldquo;Then with Major Eyre we&rsquo;ll go, my
+boys,<br />
+Then with Major Eyre we&rsquo;ll go.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><a name="footnote52"></a><a href="#citation52"
+class="footnote">[52]</a>&nbsp; Additional MSS., No. 5,755,
+British Museum.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote55"></a><a href="#citation55"
+class="footnote">[55]</a>&nbsp; Lysons&rsquo; &ldquo;Environs of
+London.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote56"></a><a href="#citation56"
+class="footnote">[56]</a>&nbsp; Nichols&rsquo;
+&ldquo;Illustrations of the Manners and Expenses of Ancient
+Times,&rdquo; 4to, 1797; in which these accounts are
+published.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote58a"></a><a href="#citation58a"
+class="footnote">[58a]</a>&nbsp; See Bell&rsquo;s edition of
+Butler.&nbsp; Mr. Bell&rsquo;s doubt as to the existence of the
+Lazar-house in the time of the Civil War is, as our extracts
+show, unfounded.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote58b"></a><a href="#citation58b"
+class="footnote">[58b]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;Notes and Queries,&rdquo;
+vol. i., p. 260.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote60"></a><a href="#citation60"
+class="footnote">[60]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;Parliamentary Surveys and
+Minutes of the Committees,&rdquo; quoted by Lysons.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote62"></a><a href="#citation62"
+class="footnote">[62]</a>&nbsp; Emphatic, notwithstanding its bad
+Latin.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote63a"></a><a href="#citation63a"
+class="footnote">[63a]</a>&nbsp; There having been but two
+Bishops of London with the Christian name of William, about the
+time of any eminence that the Chapel enjoyed, this must have been
+one of those two, William Laud or William Juxon; seeing that Laud
+licensed its rebuilding, and that his chancellor was so far
+interested in it as to give the Paten, I think it may be safely
+assumed that the small chalice was presented by the former.&nbsp;
+Laud was bishop from 1628 to 1633, when he was translated to
+Canterbury, and afterwards beheaded.&nbsp; Juxon succeeded him in
+the See of London, 1633 until 1660; he was the prelate present
+with Charles I. in his last moments.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote63b"></a><a href="#citation63b"
+class="footnote">[63b]</a>&nbsp; It was frequently dignified with
+the title of church.&nbsp; I have papers by me of 1837, so
+describing it.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote65"></a><a href="#citation65"
+class="footnote">[65]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;To forward Mr.
+Herv&eacute;&rsquo;s plan for the support of such of the middle
+classes of society who have fallen upon evil days, the Rev. Mr.
+Harris has lent his chapel at Knightsbridge, where Mr.
+Herv&eacute; will deliver a lecture on Tuesday morning. . .
+.&nbsp; Mr. Harris, perhaps, thinks with us, that the most
+acceptable part of religion is that practice which comforts the
+afflicted, and benefits the unfortunate; and, if report be true,
+Mr. Harris does not confine himself merely to the recommendation
+of benevolent actions.&rdquo;&mdash;<i>Examiner</i>, August 30,
+1812.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote67"></a><a href="#citation67"
+class="footnote">[67]</a>&nbsp; Doubtless, when they were in
+private hands, they were kept by the clerk&rsquo;s daughter, in
+1819 (see Wilkinson&rsquo;s <i>Londina Illustrata</i>); the
+account of the chapel in this work is very erroneous, but most of
+the papers therein published are missing.&nbsp; Dr. Wilson has
+the remainder in his custody, and they having lately been
+repaired by the author of this work, are likely to last many
+years.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote78"></a><a href="#citation78"
+class="footnote">[78]</a>&nbsp; See Correspondence at the end of
+Pepys&rsquo; &ldquo;Diary,&rdquo; vol. iv., pp. 235, 241, and
+242.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote86"></a><a href="#citation86"
+class="footnote">[86]</a>&nbsp; The entries to which is affixed
+an asterisk are not at the Chapel Books now; they have been made
+away with since 1819, when they were copied for Wilkinson&rsquo;s
+&ldquo;Londina.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote87"></a><a href="#citation87"
+class="footnote">[87]</a>&nbsp; Thomas Halley was clerk from 1664
+to 1669, when William Hipsley was appointed: in Kensington
+register his burial is entered December 2nd, 1689, when Thomas
+Hipsley succeeded him.&nbsp; He appears to have been the builder
+and carpenter of the place, took great interest in the
+Revolution, and in the Wars against Louis XIV., as appears by
+some of his memoranda.&nbsp; He was clerk for many years.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote88"></a><a href="#citation88"
+class="footnote">[88]</a>&nbsp; The last beadle died in 1835,
+since when the office has been vacant.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote90"></a><a href="#citation90"
+class="footnote">[90]</a>&nbsp; Many names still in the locality,
+or that have died out within the last half century, are to be
+found in these Registers; it may be serviceable to note a
+few:&mdash;Aley, Arnold, Baber, Beadle, Briscoe, Britten, Burton,
+Coppin, Cowell, Cromwell, Danvers, Dexter, Faulkner, Gunter,
+Gwin, Hipsley, Lilly, London, Merriman, Morland, Perrin, Pope,
+Rouse, Thorowgood, Timberlake, Whitehead, Wise, Woolley.&nbsp;
+From their imperfect condition it is useless to attempt a
+statistical analysis of the baptisms, but of the marriages I have
+made a few notes, as follow:&mdash;In 1659 there were 36
+marriages; in 1661, 81; in the half-year ending December 31st,
+1665, they had increased to the large number of 335.&nbsp; For
+about twelve years they continue very numerous, but in 1696 there
+were 394 marriages, two years after the number fell to 155; in
+1704 they decreased to 45, and such decrease continued till, in
+1747, only five entries are made, in 1751 only <i>one</i>, and in
+1752 but <i>two</i>.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote92"></a><a href="#citation92"
+class="footnote">[92]</a>&nbsp; When the foundation stone was
+laid they amounted to about &pound;12,000; among the contributors
+were Earl Fitzwilliam, &pound;500; the Earls of Bradford,
+Brownlow, Burlington and Winchelsea, Geo. A. Haldimand, J. A.
+Smith, and E. J. Shirley, Esqs., each &pound;200; Duke of
+Montrose, Marquis Camden, Earl Sefton, Earl Carlisle, Sir J.
+Mordaunt, Sir J. Heathcote, T. Cubitt, T. Cundy, Esqs., each
+&pound;100; and Geo. Drummond, Esq., &pound;200.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote104"></a><a href="#citation104"
+class="footnote">[104]</a>&nbsp; This inscription, through
+various means, I have traced back nearly a century: another
+century makes us contemporary.&nbsp; Would all recollection of
+such momentous times die away in that time?&nbsp; The writer of
+this spoke to an old man in 1845, who remembered the bells
+ringing for the capture of Quebec by Wolfe in 1759.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote106"></a><a href="#citation106"
+class="footnote">[106]</a>&nbsp; See the Appendix.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote109"></a><a href="#citation109"
+class="footnote">[109]</a>&nbsp; See for further notices of
+Sterling, Carlyle&rsquo;s &ldquo;Life of John Sterling;&rdquo;
+and &ldquo;The Fourth Estate,&rdquo; by F. K. Hunt.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote112a"></a><a href="#citation112a"
+class="footnote">[112a]</a>&nbsp; A number of these are in my
+possession.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote112b"></a><a href="#citation112b"
+class="footnote">[112b]</a>&nbsp; There was a very old wooden
+gate, opening from the yard at the back into the park; the bodies
+of those drowned in the Serpentine were brought in through
+it.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote114"></a><a href="#citation114"
+class="footnote">[114]</a>&nbsp; Afterwards bought by the
+well-known Andrew Mann, and placed by him on the top of a public
+house at the corner of Warwick Street, Pimlico.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote117"></a><a href="#citation117"
+class="footnote">[117]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Gentleman&rsquo;s
+Magazine,&rdquo; 1810; &ldquo;Life of Romney,&rdquo; by his
+brother; &ldquo;Johnsoniana,&rdquo; &amp;c.&nbsp; Of Part XIV. of
+this work Humphry was author.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote118"></a><a href="#citation118"
+class="footnote">[118]</a>&nbsp; Afterwards called the
+&ldquo;Life Guardsman.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote120a"></a><a href="#citation120a"
+class="footnote">[120a]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;Letters to Julia,&rdquo;
+by Henry Luttrell.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote120b"></a><a href="#citation120b"
+class="footnote">[120b]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;Year Book,&rdquo;
+1826.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote129"></a><a href="#citation129"
+class="footnote">[129]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;King&rsquo;s Anecdotes of
+His Own Times.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote147"></a><a href="#citation147"
+class="footnote">[147]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Faulkner&rsquo;s
+Kensington,&rdquo; and &ldquo;Notes and Queries,&rdquo; vol.
+xii., p. 186.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote148"></a><a href="#citation148"
+class="footnote">[148]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Symmons&rsquo; Life
+of Milton,&rdquo; 2d edit., 1810, pp. 122&ndash;124.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote149a"></a><a href="#citation149a"
+class="footnote">[149a]</a>&nbsp; Cooke&rsquo;s Preface to
+&ldquo;Conversation: a Didactic Poem.&rdquo;&nbsp; 1807.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote149b"></a><a href="#citation149b"
+class="footnote">[149b]</a>&nbsp; Quoted by Faulkner,
+&ldquo;Hist. Chelsea.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote149c"></a><a href="#citation149c"
+class="footnote">[149c]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;Journey to
+London,&rdquo; quoted by Mr. Peter Cunningham.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote149d"></a><a href="#citation149d"
+class="footnote">[149d]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;Notes and
+Queries,&rdquo; v. 487.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote154"></a><a href="#citation154"
+class="footnote">[154]</a> &ldquo;Belgravia: a Poem.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote157a"></a><a href="#citation157a"
+class="footnote">[157a]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Oxford
+Magazine,&rdquo; for 1770; London and Country magazines, between
+1770 and 1774.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote157b"></a><a href="#citation157b"
+class="footnote">[157b]</a>&nbsp; In the Bankrupt List, <i>London
+Gazette</i>, November, 1772, appears the
+following:&mdash;&ldquo;Teresa Cornellys, Carlisle House, St.
+Ann, Soho, dealer.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote159"></a><a href="#citation159"
+class="footnote">[159]</a>&nbsp; I need hardly point out the
+allusion.&nbsp; Montpelier is said to be the Cheltenham of
+France.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote160"></a><a href="#citation160"
+class="footnote">[160]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Monthly
+Magazine,&rdquo; April, 1821; and &ldquo;Notes and
+Queries,&rdquo; vol. x., p. 228.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote161a"></a><a href="#citation161a"
+class="footnote">[161a]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;The Virtues of a
+Jail.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote161b"></a><a href="#citation161b"
+class="footnote">[161b]</a>&nbsp; His experiments were made by an
+electrometer of his own construction, which extended several
+yards above his house.&nbsp; See <i>Examiner</i>, October 2nd,
+1814.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote163"></a><a href="#citation163"
+class="footnote">[163]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;Gate&rdquo; is a modern
+stupidity for a square or terrace.&nbsp; What can be more
+unmeaning?</p>
+<p><a name="footnote170a"></a><a href="#citation170a"
+class="footnote">[170a]</a>&nbsp; For report of her trial,
+&amp;c., see &ldquo;Gentleman&rsquo;s Magazine,&rdquo; and
+&ldquo;London Chronicle,&rdquo; 1776; Ditto, ditto, 1788.&nbsp;
+&ldquo;Walpole&rsquo;s Letters to Mason&rdquo;
+(&ldquo;Bentley&rsquo;s Miscellany,&rdquo; vol. 33).</p>
+<p><a name="footnote170b"></a><a href="#citation170b"
+class="footnote">[170b]</a>&nbsp; See Creasy&rsquo;s
+&ldquo;Eminent Etonians.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote170c"></a><a href="#citation170c"
+class="footnote">[170c]</a>&nbsp; Kingston House is now sometimes
+called Ennismore House, from the second title of Lord
+Listowel.&nbsp; It is generally considered the termination of
+Knightsbridge in this direction.&nbsp; In old directories it is
+described as No. 3, Knightsbridge.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote172"></a><a href="#citation172"
+class="footnote">[172]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;London
+Chronicle,&rdquo; June 22nd, 1784.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote175"></a><a href="#citation175"
+class="footnote">[175]</a>&nbsp; Life of Arthur Murphy, by Jesse
+Foote; Madame D&rsquo;Arblay&rsquo;s Diary, &amp;c.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote177"></a><a href="#citation177"
+class="footnote">[177]</a>&nbsp; The following are from
+newspapers:&mdash;&ldquo;Births, Sep. 28.&nbsp; The lady of the
+Marquis of Granby, of a daughter, at Rutland House,
+Knightsbridge.&rdquo;&nbsp; 1772.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;On Friday night the Marquis of Granby arrived at the
+seat of his grandfather, the Duke of Rutland, at Knightsbridge,
+from making the tour of France and
+Holland.&rdquo;&mdash;<i>London Chronicle</i>, July 5, 1774.</p>
+<p>&ldquo;Died yesterday at Rutland House, Knightsbridge, Lord
+William Robert Manners, youngest brother of the Duke of
+Rutland.&rdquo;&nbsp; 1793.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote180"></a><a href="#citation180"
+class="footnote">[180]</a>&nbsp; Timbs&rsquo; &ldquo;Curiosities
+of London.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote198"></a><a href="#citation198"
+class="footnote">[198]</a>&nbsp; The writer in
+&ldquo;Knight&rsquo;s London&rdquo; fixes the opening of
+Tattersall&rsquo;s about 1779, but it was earlier.&mdash;See
+<i>Morning Post</i>, August 23rd, 1775.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote200"></a><a href="#citation200"
+class="footnote">[200]</a>&nbsp; Walcott&rsquo;s &ldquo;Memorials
+of Westminster,&rdquo; Appendix.&nbsp; 2nd edition.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote201"></a><a href="#citation201"
+class="footnote">[201]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Macaulay&rsquo;s
+History of England,&rdquo; i., 512.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote203"></a><a href="#citation203"
+class="footnote">[203]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Macaulay&rsquo;s
+History;&rdquo; &ldquo;A Collection of the Debates Concerning the
+late Briberies and Corrupt Practices,&rdquo; 1695;
+&ldquo;Manning&rsquo;s Lives of the Speakers,&rdquo; &amp;c.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote209"></a><a href="#citation209"
+class="footnote">[209]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Journal to
+Stella,&rdquo; Jan. 2nd and Feb. 4th, 1711; also Feb. 12th and
+15th, 1713.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote211"></a><a href="#citation211"
+class="footnote">[211]</a>&nbsp; Lyson&rsquo;s &ldquo;Environs of
+London.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote214"></a><a href="#citation214"
+class="footnote">[214]</a>&nbsp; In Kensington register are the
+following entries:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote><p>1665.&nbsp; &ldquo;Robert Southwell, of Whitehall,
+Esq., and Mrs. Elizabeth Dering, daughter of Sir Edward Dering,
+of Surrenden, Kent, married by Seth Ward, Lord Bishop of Exeter,
+26th January.&rdquo;</p>
+<p>1686.&nbsp; (Buried.) &ldquo;John Humfreys, servant to the
+Right Rev. Seth, Bishop of Salisbury, at Knightsbridge, 2nd
+December.&rdquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><a name="footnote220"></a><a href="#citation220"
+class="footnote">[220]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Faulkner&rsquo;s
+Chelsea,&rdquo; vol. i., p. 44.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote221"></a><a href="#citation221"
+class="footnote">[221]</a> &ldquo;Read&rsquo;s Journal,&rdquo;
+May 24, 1753; see also &ldquo;Faulkner&rsquo;s
+Chelsea.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote227"></a><a href="#citation227"
+class="footnote">[227]</a>&nbsp; Lady Chatterton, &ldquo;Home
+Sketches,&rdquo; vol. ii. p. 280.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote232"></a><a href="#citation232"
+class="footnote">[232]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Haydon&rsquo;s
+Diary,&rdquo; November 14, 1837.&nbsp; Also vol. iii, p. 77.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote243"></a><a href="#citation243"
+class="footnote">[243]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Autobiography of
+William Jerdan,&rdquo; vol. ii., pp. 282&ndash;284.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote245a"></a><a href="#citation245a"
+class="footnote">[245a]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;Cunningham&rsquo;s
+Handbook of London.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote245b"></a><a href="#citation245b"
+class="footnote">[245b]</a>&nbsp; &ldquo;Gentleman&rsquo;s
+Magazine,&rdquo; 1856.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote245c"></a><a href="#citation245c"
+class="footnote">[245c]</a>&nbsp; See &ldquo;Notes and
+Queries,&rdquo; vol. i., p. 474.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote246"></a><a href="#citation246"
+class="footnote">[246]</a>&nbsp; See Ben Jonson&rsquo;s
+&ldquo;Bartholomew Fair;&rdquo; Greene&rsquo;s &ldquo;Tu
+Quoque;&rdquo; &ldquo;The City Madam;&rdquo; &ldquo;The Devil is
+an Ass;&rdquo; &ldquo;The City Match,&rdquo; &amp;c. &amp;c.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote248"></a><a href="#citation248"
+class="footnote">[248]</a>&nbsp; There was one at Bankside; also
+places so named are to be found in Yorkshire, Lancashire, and
+Cudham in Kent.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote257"></a><a href="#citation257"
+class="footnote">[257]</a>&nbsp; In 1755, a 4to satirical tract
+was published, entitled &ldquo;Jenny&rsquo;s Whim; or, a Sure
+Guide to the Nobility, Gentry, and other Eminent Persons in this
+Metropolis.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><a name="footnote269"></a><a href="#citation269"
+class="footnote">[269]</a>&nbsp; Letter of Mr. R. W. Mylne in the
+<i>Times</i>, June 7, 1857.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote270"></a><a href="#citation270"
+class="footnote">[270]</a>&nbsp; See Dr. Aldis&rsquo;s
+&ldquo;Report on Sanitary Works in Belgravia;&rdquo;
+&ldquo;Letter to the Vestry of St. George,&rdquo; &amp;c.</p>
+<p><a name="footnote273"></a><a href="#citation273"
+class="footnote">[273]</a>&nbsp; See the Appendix.</p>
+<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MEMORIALS OF THE HAMLET OF
+KNIGHTSBRIDGE***</p>
+<pre>
+
+
+***** This file should be named 45695-h.htm or 45695-h.zip******
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