diff options
| author | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-03-03 18:05:17 -0800 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-03-03 18:05:17 -0800 |
| commit | 47f0f4ddf407e84e72e1381b79d422a319f423e6 (patch) | |
| tree | abb1dfe7f0d58b123e127ce979d2b9402f6de00e /44833-h | |
| parent | 91ecb337858be63a375125687a4b7e925db223cb (diff) | |
Diffstat (limited to '44833-h')
| -rw-r--r-- | 44833-h/44833-h.htm | 1375 |
1 files changed, 481 insertions, 894 deletions
diff --git a/44833-h/44833-h.htm b/44833-h/44833-h.htm index 4dfe820..ce00ada 100644 --- a/44833-h/44833-h.htm +++ b/44833-h/44833-h.htm @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover.jpg" /> <title> Boethius and Troilus @@ -97,45 +97,7 @@ </style> </head> <body> - - -<pre> - -Project Gutenberg's Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 (of 7), by Geoffrey Chaucer - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 (of 7) - Boethius and Troilus - -Author: Geoffrey Chaucer - -Editor: Walter Skeat - -Release Date: February 5, 2014 [EBook #44833] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHAUCER'S WORKS, VOLUME 2 (OF 7) *** - - - - -Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - -</pre> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 44833 ***</div> <table class="sp2 transnote" title="Transcriber's note" summary="Transcriber's note"> <tr> @@ -214,43 +176,43 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <td colspan="2" class="ar x-smaller">PAGE</td> </tr> <tr> - <td class="itp05"><span class="sc">Introduction to Boethius.</span>—§ <a - href="#sboe1">1</a>. Date of the Work. § <a href="#sboe2">2</a>. Boethius. § <a - href="#sboe3">3</a>. The Consolation of Philosophy; and fate of its author. § <a - href="#sboe4">4</a>. Jean de Meun. § <a href="#sboe5">5</a>. References by Boethius to current - events. § <a href="#sboe6">6</a>. Cassiodorus. § <a href="#sboe7">7</a>. Form of the Treatise. - § <a href="#sboe8">8</a>. Brief sketch of its general contents. § <a href="#sboe9">9</a>. - Early translations. § <a href="#sboe10">10</a>. Translation by Ælfred. § <a - href="#sboe11">11</a>. MS. copy, with A.S. glosses. § <a href="#sboe12">12</a>. Chaucer's - translation mentioned. § <a href="#sboe13">13</a>. Walton's verse translation. § <a - href="#sboe14">14</a>. Specimen of the same. § <a href="#sboe15">15</a>. His translation of - Book ii. met. 5. § <a href="#sboe16">16</a>. M. E. prose translation; and others. § <a - href="#sboe17">17</a>. Chaucer's translation and le Roman de la Rose. § <a - href="#sboe18">18</a>. Chaucer's scholarship. § <a href="#sboe19">19</a>. Chaucer's prose. § - <a href="#sboe20">20</a>. Some of his mistakes. § <a href="#sboe21">21</a>. Other variations - considered. § <a href="#sboe22">22</a>. Imitations of Boethius in Chaucer's works. § <a - href="#sboe23">23</a>. Comparison with 'Boece' of other works by Chaucer. § <a - href="#sboe24">24</a>. Chronology of Chaucer's works, as illustrated by 'Boece.' § <a - href="#sboe25">25</a>. The Manuscripts. § <a href="#sboe26">26</a>. The Printed Editions. § <a + <td class="itp05"><span class="sc">Introduction to Boethius.</span>—§ <a + href="#sboe1">1</a>. Date of the Work. § <a href="#sboe2">2</a>. Boethius. § <a + href="#sboe3">3</a>. The Consolation of Philosophy; and fate of its author. § <a + href="#sboe4">4</a>. Jean de Meun. § <a href="#sboe5">5</a>. References by Boethius to current + events. § <a href="#sboe6">6</a>. Cassiodorus. § <a href="#sboe7">7</a>. Form of the Treatise. + § <a href="#sboe8">8</a>. Brief sketch of its general contents. § <a href="#sboe9">9</a>. + Early translations. § <a href="#sboe10">10</a>. Translation by Ælfred. § <a + href="#sboe11">11</a>. MS. copy, with A.S. glosses. § <a href="#sboe12">12</a>. Chaucer's + translation mentioned. § <a href="#sboe13">13</a>. Walton's verse translation. § <a + href="#sboe14">14</a>. Specimen of the same. § <a href="#sboe15">15</a>. His translation of + Book ii. met. 5. § <a href="#sboe16">16</a>. M. E. prose translation; and others. § <a + href="#sboe17">17</a>. Chaucer's translation and le Roman de la Rose. § <a + href="#sboe18">18</a>. Chaucer's scholarship. § <a href="#sboe19">19</a>. Chaucer's prose. § + <a href="#sboe20">20</a>. Some of his mistakes. § <a href="#sboe21">21</a>. Other variations + considered. § <a href="#sboe22">22</a>. Imitations of Boethius in Chaucer's works. § <a + href="#sboe23">23</a>. Comparison with 'Boece' of other works by Chaucer. § <a + href="#sboe24">24</a>. Chronology of Chaucer's works, as illustrated by 'Boece.' § <a + href="#sboe25">25</a>. The Manuscripts. § <a href="#sboe26">26</a>. The Printed Editions. § <a href="#sboe27">27</a>. The Present Edition</td> <td class="ar vbm"><a href="#pagevii">vii</a></td> </tr> <tr class="pt1"> - <td class="itp05"><span class="sc">Introduction to Troilus.</span>—§ <a - href="#stro1">1</a>. Date of the Work. § <a href="#stro2">2</a>. Sources of the Work; - Boccaccio's Filostrato. §§ <a href="#stro3">3</a>, <a href="#stro4">4</a>. Other sources. § <a - href="#stro5">5</a>. Chaucer's share in it. § <a href="#stro6">6</a>. Vagueness of reference - to sources. § <a href="#stro7">7</a>. Medieval note-books. § <a href="#stro8">8</a>. Lollius. - § <a href="#stro9">9</a>. Guido delle Colonne. § <a href="#stro10">10</a>. 'Trophee.' §§ <a - href="#stro11">11</a>, <a href="#stro12">12</a>. The same continued. §§ <a - href="#stro13">13</a>-<a href="#stro17">17</a>. Passages from Guido. §§ <a - href="#stro18">18</a>, <a href="#stro19">19</a>. Dares, Dictys, and Benôit de Ste-More. § <a - href="#stro20">20</a>. The names; Troilus, &c. § <a href="#stro21">21</a>. Roman de la - Rose. § <a href="#stro22">22</a>. Gest Historiale. § <a href="#stro23">23</a>. Lydgate's Siege - of Troye. § <a href="#stro24">24</a>. Henrysoun's Testament of Criseyde. § <a - href="#stro25">25</a>. The MSS. § <a href="#stro26">26</a>. The Editions. § <a - href="#stro27">27</a>. The Present Edition. § <a href="#stro28">28</a>. Deficient lines. § <a - href="#stro29">29</a>. Proverbs. § <a href="#stro30">30</a>. Kinaston's Latin translation. § + <td class="itp05"><span class="sc">Introduction to Troilus.</span>—§ <a + href="#stro1">1</a>. Date of the Work. § <a href="#stro2">2</a>. Sources of the Work; + Boccaccio's Filostrato. §§ <a href="#stro3">3</a>, <a href="#stro4">4</a>. Other sources. § <a + href="#stro5">5</a>. Chaucer's share in it. § <a href="#stro6">6</a>. Vagueness of reference + to sources. § <a href="#stro7">7</a>. Medieval note-books. § <a href="#stro8">8</a>. Lollius. + § <a href="#stro9">9</a>. Guido delle Colonne. § <a href="#stro10">10</a>. 'Trophee.' §§ <a + href="#stro11">11</a>, <a href="#stro12">12</a>. The same continued. §§ <a + href="#stro13">13</a>-<a href="#stro17">17</a>. Passages from Guido. §§ <a + href="#stro18">18</a>, <a href="#stro19">19</a>. Dares, Dictys, and Benôit de Ste-More. § <a + href="#stro20">20</a>. The names; Troilus, &c. § <a href="#stro21">21</a>. Roman de la + Rose. § <a href="#stro22">22</a>. Gest Historiale. § <a href="#stro23">23</a>. Lydgate's Siege + of Troye. § <a href="#stro24">24</a>. Henrysoun's Testament of Criseyde. § <a + href="#stro25">25</a>. The MSS. § <a href="#stro26">26</a>. The Editions. § <a + href="#stro27">27</a>. The Present Edition. § <a href="#stro28">28</a>. Deficient lines. § <a + href="#stro29">29</a>. Proverbs. § <a href="#stro30">30</a>. Kinaston's Latin translation. § <a href="#stro31">31</a>. Sidnam's translation</td> <td class="ar vbm"><a href="#pagexlix">xlix</a></td> </tr> @@ -319,7 +281,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <h1 class="ac" style="margin-bottom:4.7ex;"><span class="x-larger">INTRODUCTION TO BOETHIUS.</span></h1> - <p class="ac">§ <a id="sboe1"></a>1. <span class="sc">Date of the Work.</span></p> + <p class="ac">§ <a id="sboe1"></a>1. <span class="sc">Date of the Work.</span></p> <p>In my introductory remarks to the Legend of Good Women, I refer to the close connection that is easily seen to subsist between Chaucer's translation of Boethius and his Troilus and Criseyde. All @@ -342,7 +304,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net these dates within closer limits; nor is it at all necessary that we should be able to do so. A few further remarks upon this subject are given below.</p> - <p class="ac">§ <a id="sboe2"></a>2. <span class="sc">Boethius.</span></p> + <p class="ac">§ <a id="sboe2"></a>2. <span class="sc">Boethius.</span></p> <p>Before proceeding to remark upon Chaucer's translation of Boethius, or (as he calls him) Boece, it is necessary to say a few words as to the original work, and its author.</p> @@ -361,7 +323,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net note upon that passage. At any rate, there is an unequivocal reference to 'the felinge' of Boece 'in musik' in the Nonnes Preestes Tale, B 4484.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe3"></a>3. The most important part of his political life was passed in the service + <p>§ <a id="sboe3"></a>3. The most important part of his political life was passed in the service of the celebrated Theodoric the Goth, who, after the defeat and death of Odoacer, <span class="smaller">A. D.</span> 493, had made himself undisputed master of Italy, and had fixed the seat of his government in Ravenna. The usual account, that Boethius was twice married, is now @@ -417,7 +379,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net murmurs to his physician Elpidius, his deep repentance for the murders of Boethius and Symmachus.'</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe4"></a>4. For further details, I beg leave to refer the reader to the essay on + <p>§ <a id="sboe4"></a>4. For further details, I beg leave to refer the reader to the essay on 'Boethius' by H. F. Stewart, published by W. Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London, in 1891. We are chiefly concerned here with the 'Consolation of Philosophy,' a work which enjoyed great popularity in the middle ages, and first influenced Chaucer indirectly, through the use of it made @@ -429,8 +391,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="poem"> <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'Ce puet l'en bien des clers enquerre</p> - <p>Qui <i>Boëce de Confort</i> lisent,</p> - <p>Et les sentences qui là gisent,</p> + <p>Qui <i>Boëce de Confort</i> lisent,</p> + <p>Et les sentences qui là gisent,</p> <p><i>Dont grans biens as gens laiz feroit</i></p> <p><i>Qui bien le lor translateroit</i>' (ll. 5052-6).</p> </div> @@ -442,13 +404,13 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div><span class="pagenum" id="pagexi">{xi}</span></div> - <p>§ <a id="sboe5"></a>5. The chief events in the life of Boethius which are referred to in the + <p>§ <a id="sboe5"></a>5. The chief events in the life of Boethius which are referred to in the present treatise are duly pointed out in the notes; and it may be well to bear in mind that, as to some of these, nothing further is known beyond what the author himself tells us. Most of the personal references occur in Book i. Prose 4, Book ii. Prose 3, and in Book iii. Prose 4. In the first of these passages, Boethius recalls the manner in which he withstood one Conigastus, because he oppressed the poor (l. 40); and how he defeated the iniquities of Triguilla, 'provost' - (<i>præpositus</i>) of the royal household (l. 43). He takes credit for defending the people of + (<i>præpositus</i>) of the royal household (l. 43). He takes credit for defending the people of Campania against a particularly obnoxious fiscal measure instituted by Theodoric, which was called 'coemption' (<i>coemptio</i>); (l. 59.) This Mr. Stewart describes as 'a fiscal measure which allowed the state to buy provisions for the army at something under market-price—which @@ -486,8 +448,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>In Book iii. Prose 4, he declaims against Decoratus, with whom he refused to be associated in office, on account of his infamous character.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe6"></a>6. The chief source of further information about these circumstances is a - collection of letters (Variæ Epistolæ) by Cassiodorus, a statesman who enjoyed the full confidence + <p>§ <a id="sboe6"></a>6. The chief source of further information about these circumstances is a + collection of letters (Variæ Epistolæ) by Cassiodorus, a statesman who enjoyed the full confidence of Theodoric, and collected various state-papers under his direction. These tell us, in some measure, what can be said on the other side. Here Cyprian and his brother Opilio are spoken of with respect and honour; and the only Decoratus whose name appears is spoken of as a young man of @@ -495,7 +457,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net most likely be inclined to think that, in cases of conflicting evidence, he would rather take the word of the noble Boethius than that of any of his opponents.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe7"></a>7. The treatise 'De Consolatione Philosophiæ' is written in the form of a + <p>§ <a id="sboe7"></a>7. The treatise 'De Consolatione Philosophiæ' is written in the form of a discourse between himself and the personification of Philosophy, who appears to him in his prison, and endeavours to soothe and console him in his time of trial. It is divided (as in this volume) into five Books; and each Book is subdivided into chapters, entitled Metres and Proses, because, @@ -508,7 +470,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>In some MSS. of Chaucer's translation, a few words of the original are quoted at the beginning of each Prose and Metre, and are duly printed in this edition, in a corrected form.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe8"></a>8. A very brief sketch of the general contents of the volume may be of some + <p>§ <a id="sboe8"></a>8. A very brief sketch of the general contents of the volume may be of some service.</p> <div class="bq1 sp2"> @@ -564,7 +526,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net in eschewing vice, and devote all thy powers to the love of virtue (pr. 6).</p> </div> - <p>§ <a id="sboe9"></a>9. It is unnecessary to enlarge here upon the importance of this treatise, + <p>§ <a id="sboe9"></a>9. It is unnecessary to enlarge here upon the importance of this treatise, and its influence upon medieval literature. Mr. Stewart, in the work already referred to, has an excellent chapter 'On Some Ancient Translations' of it. The number of translations that still exist, in various languages, sufficiently testify to its extraordinary popularity in the middle @@ -579,7 +541,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net the hope of obtaining assistance from it; there is no sure trace of anything of the kind, and the internal evidence is, in my opinion, decisively against it.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe10"></a>10. The earliest English translation is that by king Ælfred, which is + <p>§ <a id="sboe10"></a>10. The earliest English translation is that by king Ælfred, which is particularly interesting from the fact that the royal author <span class="pagenum" id="pagexv">{xv}</span>frequently deviates from his original, and introduces various notes, explanations, and allusions of his own. The opening chapter, for example, is really a preface, @@ -589,22 +551,22 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Cardale, in 1829; and by S. Fox, in 1864. The last of these includes a modern English translation, and forms one of the volumes of Bohn's Antiquarian Library; so that it is a cheap and accessible work. Moreover, it contains an alliterative verse translation of most of the <i>Metres</i> - contained in Boethius (excluding the <i>Proses</i>), which is also attributed to Ælfred in a brief + contained in Boethius (excluding the <i>Proses</i>), which is also attributed to Ælfred in a brief metrical preface; but whether this ascription is to be relied upon, or not, is a difficult question, which has hardly as yet been decided. A summary of the arguments, for and against - Ælfred's authorship, will be found in Wülker's <i>Grundriss zur Geschichte der angelsächsischen + Ælfred's authorship, will be found in Wülker's <i>Grundriss zur Geschichte der angelsächsischen Litteratur</i>, pp. 421-435.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe11"></a>11. I may here mention that there is a manuscript copy of this work by + <p>§ <a id="sboe11"></a>11. I may here mention that there is a manuscript copy of this work by Boethius, in the original Latin, in Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, No. 214, which contains a considerable number of Anglo-Saxon glosses. A description of this MS., by Prof. J. W. Bright and myself, is printed in the American Journal of Philology, vol. v, no. 4.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe12"></a>12. The next English translation, in point of date, is Chaucer's; + <p>§ <a id="sboe12"></a>12. The next English translation, in point of date, is Chaucer's; concerning which I have more to say below.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe13"></a>13. In the year 1410, we meet with a <i>verse</i> translation of the whole - treatise, ascribed by Warton (Hist. E. Poetry, § 20, ed. 1871, iii. 39) to John Walton, + <p>§ <a id="sboe13"></a>13. In the year 1410, we meet with a <i>verse</i> translation of the whole + treatise, ascribed by Warton (Hist. E. Poetry, § 20, ed. 1871, iii. 39) to John Walton, Capellanus, or John the Chaplain, a canon of Oseney. 'In the British Museum,' says Warton, 'there is a correct MS. on parchment<a id="NtA_11" href="#Nt_11"><sup>[11]</sup></a> of Walton's translation of Boethius; and the margin is filled throughout with the Latin text, written by @@ -633,17 +595,17 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net University Library. An extract from the other is quoted below. MS. E Museo 53, in the Bodleian Library, contains both of them.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe14"></a>14. As to the work itself, Metre 1 of Book i. and Metre 5 of the same are - printed entire in Wülker's Altenglisches Lesebuch, ii. 56-9. In one of the metrical prologues to + <p>§ <a id="sboe14"></a>14. As to the work itself, Metre 1 of Book i. and Metre 5 of the same are + printed entire in Wülker's Altenglisches Lesebuch, ii. 56-9. In one of the metrical prologues to the whole work the following passage occurs, which I copy from MS. Royal 18 A xiii<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> <div class="poem"> <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'I have herd spek and sumwhat haue y-seyne,</p> <p>Of diuerse men<a id="NtA_18" href="#Nt_18"><sup>[18]</sup></a>, that wounder subtyllye,</p> - <p><span class="pagenum" id="pagexvii">{xvii}</span>In metir sum, and sum in prosë pleyne,</p> + <p><span class="pagenum" id="pagexvii">{xvii}</span>In metir sum, and sum in prosë pleyne,</p> <p>This book translated haue<a id="NtA_19" href="#Nt_19"><sup>[19]</sup></a> suffishantlye</p> - <p>In-to<a id="NtA_20" href="#Nt_20"><sup>[20]</sup></a> Englissh tongë, word for word, wel + <p>In-to<a id="NtA_20" href="#Nt_20"><sup>[20]</sup></a> Englissh tongë, word for word, wel nye<a id="NtA_21" href="#Nt_21"><sup>[21]</sup></a>;</p> <p>Bot I most vse the wittes that I haue;</p> <p>Thogh I may noght do so, yit noght-for-thye,</p> @@ -660,7 +622,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>This is an early tribute to the excellence of Chaucer and Gower as poets.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe15"></a>15. When we examine Walton's translation a little more closely, it soon + <p>§ <a id="sboe15"></a>15. When we examine Walton's translation a little more closely, it soon becomes apparent that he has largely availed himself of Chaucer's prose translation, which he evidently kept before him as a model of language. For example, in Bk. ii. met. 5, l. 16, Chaucer has the expression:—'tho weren the cruel clariouns ful hust and ful stille.' This reappears @@ -705,7 +667,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>Ne therwith was non <i>armour</i> yet be-bled;</p> <p><i>For</i> in that tyme who durst have be so <i>wood</i></p> <p>Suche bitter <i>woundes</i> that he nold have dred,</p> - <p>With-outen réward, for to lese his <i>blood</i>.</p> + <p>With-outen réward, for to lese his <i>blood</i>.</p> <p class="stanza"><i>I wold oure tyme</i> myght <i>turne</i> certanly,</p> <p>And wise<a id="NtA_28" href="#Nt_28"><sup>[28]</sup></a> <i>maneres</i> alwey with vs dwelle;</p> @@ -718,9 +680,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>But that he fond <i>a perel<a id="NtA_31" href="#Nt_31"><sup>[31]</sup></a> precious</i>.</p> </div> - <p>§ <a id="sboe16"></a>16. MS. Auct. F. 3. 5, in the Bodleian Library, contains a <i>prose</i> + <p>§ <a id="sboe16"></a>16. MS. Auct. F. 3. 5, in the Bodleian Library, contains a <i>prose</i> translation, different from Chaucer's. After this, the next translation seems to be one by George - Colvile; the title is thus given by Lowndes: 'Boetius de Consolatione Philosophiæ, translated by + Colvile; the title is thus given by Lowndes: 'Boetius de Consolatione Philosophiæ, translated by George Coluile, alias Coldewel. London: by John Cawoode; 1556. 4to.' This work was dedicated to Queen Mary, and reprinted in 1561; and again, without date.</p> @@ -754,7 +716,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net that 'Miss Pemberton has sent to press her edition of the fragments of Queen Elizabeth's Englishings (in the Record Office) from Boethius, Plutarch, &c.'</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe17"></a>17. I now return to the consideration of Chaucer's translation, as printed + <p>§ <a id="sboe17"></a>17. I now return to the consideration of Chaucer's translation, as printed in the present volume.</p> <p>I do not think the question as to the probable date of its composition need detain us long. It @@ -818,18 +780,18 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>B. D. 708. Cf. Et de fain avec <i>Tentalus</i>; R. R. 19482.</p> - <p>B. D. 778. Not from Le Roman, nor from Boethius, but from Machault's <i>Remède de Fortune</i>, + <p>B. D. 778. Not from Le Roman, nor from Boethius, but from Machault's <i>Remède de Fortune</i>, as pointed out by M. Sandras long ago; see my note.</p> <p>B. D. 1055-6. Cf. Car le cors Alcipiades<br/> - <span class="hid">B. D. 1055-6. Cf.</span> Qui de biauté avoit adés ...<br/> + <span class="hid">B. D. 1055-6. Cf.</span> Qui de biauté avoit adés ...<br/> <span class="hid">B. D. 1055-6. Cf.</span> <i>Ainsinc le raconte Boece</i>; R. R. 8981.</p> <p>See my note on the line; and note the spelling of <i>Alcipiades</i> with a <i>p</i>, as in the English MSS.</p> <p>We thus see that all these passages (except l. 778) are really taken from Le Roman, not to - mention many more, already pointed out by Dr. Köppel (<i>Anglia</i>, xiv. 238). And, this being + mention many more, already pointed out by Dr. Köppel (<i>Anglia</i>, xiv. 238). And, this being so, we may safely conclude that they were <i>not</i> taken from Boethius directly. Hence we may further infer that, in all probability, Chaucer, in 1369, was not very familiar with Boethius in the Latin original. And this accounts at once for the fact that he seldom quotes Boethius at first @@ -839,7 +801,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net was said above, that Jean de Meun inspired him with the idea of reading it, to see whether it was really worth translating, as the French poet said it was.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe18"></a>18. When we come to consider the style and manner in which Chaucer has + <p>§ <a id="sboe18"></a>18. When we come to consider the style and manner in which Chaucer has executed his self-imposed task, we must first of all make some allowance for the difference between the scholarship of his age and of our own. One great difference is obvious, though constantly lost sight of, viz. that the teaching in those days was almost entirely oral, and that @@ -859,7 +821,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net characteristic of Chaucer's other works also; and we must not always infer that emendation is necessary, when we find in his text some curious error.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe19"></a>19. The next passage in Mr. Stewart's Essay so well expresses the state of + <p>§ <a id="sboe19"></a>19. The next passage in Mr. Stewart's Essay so well expresses the state of the case, that I do not hesitate to quote it at length. 'Given (he says) a man who is sufficiently conversant with a language to read it fluently without paying too much heed to the precise value of participle and preposition, who has the wit and the sagacity to grasp the meaning of his @@ -895,7 +857,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="poem"> <p>It lyketh me to shewe, by subtil song,</p> - <p>With slakke and délitáble soun of strenges (Bk. iii. met. 2. 1).</p> + <p>With slakke and délitáble soun of strenges (Bk. iii. met. 2. 1).</p> <p class="stanza">Whan Fortune, with a proud right hand (Bk. ii. met. 1. 1)<a id="NtA_33" href="#Nt_33"><sup>[33]</sup></a>.'</p> </div> @@ -920,7 +882,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net which his powers of speech came forth not only more elevated but more self-reliant; and above all, with a greater aptitude to express thoughts of a deeper nature.'</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe20"></a>20. Most of the instances in which Chaucer's rendering is inaccurate, + <p>§ <a id="sboe20"></a>20. Most of the instances in which Chaucer's rendering is inaccurate, unhappy, or insufficient are pointed out in the notes. I here collect some examples, many of which have already been remarked upon by Dr. Morris and Mr. Stewart.</p> @@ -1023,7 +985,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>v. met. 5. 6. by moist fleeinge: 'liquido uolatu.'</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe21"></a>21. In the case of a few supposed errors, as pointed out by Mr. Stewart, + <p>§ <a id="sboe21"></a>21. In the case of a few supposed errors, as pointed out by Mr. Stewart, there remains something to be said on the other side. I note the following instances.</p> <p>i. pr. 6. 28. Lat. 'uelut hiante ualli robore.' Here Mr. Stewart quotes the reading of MS. A., @@ -1075,7 +1037,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Lat. text has '<i>Altos</i> pandit hiatus.' But some MSS. have <i>Alios</i>; and, of these, MS. C. is one.</p> - <p class="sp3">§ <a id="sboe22"></a>22. After all, the chief point of interest about Chaucer's + <p class="sp3">§ <a id="sboe22"></a>22. After all, the chief point of interest about Chaucer's translation of Boethius is the influence that this labour exercised upon his later work, owing to the close familiarity with the text which he thus acquired. I have shewn that we must not expect to find such influence upon his earliest writings; and that, in the case of the Book of the @@ -1089,14 +1051,14 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net following his Essay, at p. 260) 'An Index of Passages in Chaucer which seem to have been <span class="pagenum" id="pagexxviii">{xxviii}</span>suggested by the De Consolatione Philosophiae.' Very useful, in connection with this subject, is the list of passages in which Chaucer seems to - have been indebted to Le Roman de la Rose, as given by Dr. E. Köppel in <i>Anglia</i>, vol. xiv. + have been indebted to Le Roman de la Rose, as given by Dr. E. Köppel in <i>Anglia</i>, vol. xiv. 238-265. Another most useful help is the comparison between Troilus and Boccaccio's <i>Filostrato</i>, by Mr. W. M. Rossetti; which sometimes proves, beyond all doubt, that a passage which may seem to be due to Boethius, is really taken from the Italian poet. As this seems to be the right place for exhibiting the results thus obtained, I proceed to give them, and gladly express my thanks to the above-named authors for the opportunity thus afforded.</p> - <p class="sp3 ac">§ <a id="sboe23"></a>23. <span class="sc">Comparison with 'Boece' of other works + <p class="sp3 ac">§ <a id="sboe23"></a>23. <span class="sc">Comparison with 'Boece' of other works by Chaucer.</span></p> <p class="ac"><span class="sc">Troilus and Criseyde: Book I.</span></p> @@ -1273,9 +1235,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>195 (p. 78). tonne.—B. ii. pr. 2. 53-5.</p> <p class="sp3">*2228-30. (<i>Philomela</i>, 1-3).—B. iii. met. 9. 8-10. (Doubtful; for the - same is in <i>Le Roman de la Rose</i>, 16931-6, which is taken from Boethius. And Köppel remarks + same is in <i>Le Roman de la Rose</i>, 16931-6, which is taken from Boethius. And Köppel remarks that the word <i>Eternally</i> answers to nothing in the Latin text, whilst it corresponds to the - French <i>Tous jors en pardurableté</i>).</p> + French <i>Tous jors en pardurableté</i>).</p> <p class="sp3 ac">MINOR POEMS.</p> @@ -1289,7 +1251,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>*380. That hoot, cold, hevy, light, [and] moist and dreye, &c.—B. iii. pr. 11. 98-103.</p> - <p>(Practically, a chance resemblance; these lines are really from Alanus, De Planctu Naturæ; see + <p>(Practically, a chance resemblance; these lines are really from Alanus, De Planctu Naturæ; see the note).</p> <p class="sp3">599.<span class="gap" style="width:7em"> </span>... as oules doon by @@ -1426,7 +1388,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><span class="sc">The Monk's Prologue.</span> 3163. Tragedie.—B. ii. pr. 2. 51.</p> <p><span class="sc">The Monkes Tale: Hercules.</span> 3285-3300.—B. iv. met. 7. 20-42. (But - see Sources of the Tales, § 48; vol. iii. p. 430.)</p> + see Sources of the Tales, § 48; vol. iii. p. 430.)</p> <p>*3329. Ful wys is he that can him-selven knowe. Cf. B. ii. pr. 4. 98-101.</p> @@ -1490,15 +1452,15 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><span class="sc">The Clerkes Tale.</span> Mr. Stewart refers ll. 810-2 to Boethius, but these lines translate Petrarch's sentence—'Nulla homini perpetua sors est.' Also ll. 1155-1158, - 1161; but these lines translate Petrarch's sentence—'Probat tamen et sæpe nos, multis ac + 1161; but these lines translate Petrarch's sentence—'Probat tamen et sæpe nos, multis ac <i>grauibus flagellis exerceri sinit</i>, non ut animum nostrum sciat, quem sciuit antequam - crearemur ... abundè ergo constantibus uiris ascripserim, quisquis is fuerit, qui pro Deo suo sine + crearemur ... abundè ergo constantibus uiris ascripserim, quisquis is fuerit, qui pro Deo suo sine murmure patiatur.' I find no hint that Chaucer was directly influenced by Boethius, while writing this Tale.</p> <p><span class="sc">The Marchantes Tale.</span> Mr. Stewart refers ll. 1311-4 to Boethius, but they are more likely from Albertanus Brixiensis, <i>Liber de Amore dei</i>, fol. 30 a (as shewn by - Dr. Köppel):—'Et merito uxor est diligenda, qui donum est Dei,' followed by a quotation from + Dr. Köppel):—'Et merito uxor est diligenda, qui donum est Dei,' followed by a quotation from Prov. xix. 14.</p> <p>1582. a mirour—B. v. met. 4. 8.</p> @@ -1567,7 +1529,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>472. Som-tyme the delyces of a man is cause of the grevous maladye thurgh which he dyeth.—B. iii. pr. 7. 3-5.</p> - <p>§ <a id="sboe24"></a>24. It is worth while to see what light is thrown upon the chronology of + <p>§ <a id="sboe24"></a>24. It is worth while to see what light is thrown upon the chronology of the Canterbury Tales by comparison with Boethius.</p> <p>In the first place, we may remark that, of the Tales mentioned above, there is nothing to shew @@ -1595,7 +1557,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <i>first</i> of the Canterbury Tales that was written <i>expressly for the purpose</i> of being inserted in that collection, viz. about 1385-6.</p> - <p class="ac">§ <a id="sboe25"></a>25. <span class="sc">The Manuscripts.</span></p> + <p class="ac">§ <a id="sboe25"></a>25. <span class="sc">The Manuscripts.</span></p> <p>I have now to explain the sources of the present edition.</p> @@ -1745,7 +1707,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net written early in the fifteenth century. It contains 8 complete quires of 8 leaves, and 1 incomplete quire of 6 leaves, making 70 leaves in all. The English version appears alone, and occupies 68 leaves, and part of leaf 69 recto; leaf 69, verso, and leaf 70, are blank. The last - words are:—'þe eyen of þe Iuge þat seeth and demeth alle thinges. <i>Explicit liber boecij, + words are:—'þe eyen of þe Iuge þat seeth and demeth alle thinges. <i>Explicit liber boecij, &c.</i>' Other treatises, in Latin, are bound up with it, but are unrelated. The readings of this MS. agree very closely with those of Ii. 3. 21, and of our text. Thus, in Met. i. l. 9, it has the reading <i>wyerdes</i>, with the gloss <i>s. fata</i>, as in Ii. 3. 21. (The scribe at @@ -1768,7 +1730,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (in the note at p. 434) that <i>windy</i> is, after all, the correct reading, since the Lat. text has <i>uentosam</i>. In Bk. iii. met. 3. 1, it resembles the printed editions in the insertion of the words <i>or a goter</i> after <i>river</i>. In Bk. iv. pr. 3. 47, 48, it preserves the missing - words: <i>peyne, he ne douteth nat þat he nys entecchid and defouled with</i>. In Bk. iv. met. 6. + words: <i>peyne, he ne douteth nat þat he nys entecchid and defouled with</i>. In Bk. iv. met. 6. 24, it has the right reading, viz. <i>brethith</i>. Finally, it usually retains the word <i>whylom</i> in places where the MS. next described substitutes the word <i>somtyme</i>. If any difficulty in the text raises future discussion, it is clear that this MS. should be @@ -1815,7 +1777,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net class="smaller">XV</span> century.'</p> <p>A small quarto MS. of the middle of the fifteenth century. The first Prose of Bk. i. begins - (like MS. A.) with the words: 'In þe mene while þat y stil recorded þese þinges;' &c. Hence + (like MS. A.) with the words: 'In þe mene while þat y stil recorded þese þinges;' &c. Hence are derived the readings marked 'H.' in Morris's edition, pp. 62-64. It rightly reads <i>writheth</i>, <i>wyndy</i>, <i>bretheth</i> (see p. xlii).</p> @@ -1824,14 +1786,14 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Commission, p. 106.</p> <p>7. There is also a copy in a MS. belonging to the Cathedral Library at Salisbury. It was - discovered by Dr. Wülker in 1875; <span class="pagenum" id="pagexliv">{xliv}</span>see the - <i>Academy</i> for Oct. 5, 1875. Bk. i. met. 1 was printed, from this MS., by Dr. Wülker in + discovered by Dr. Wülker in 1875; <span class="pagenum" id="pagexliv">{xliv}</span>see the + <i>Academy</i> for Oct. 5, 1875. Bk. i. met. 1 was printed, from this MS., by Dr. Wülker in <i>Anglia</i>, ii. 373. It resembles MS. A.</p> <p class="sp3">8. In the Phillipps collection, MS. no. 9472 is described as 'Boetius' Boke of Comfort,' and is said to be of the fifteenth century. I do not know its real contents.</p> - <p class="ac">§ <a id="sboe26"></a>26. <span class="sc">The Printed Editions.</span></p> + <p class="ac">§ <a id="sboe26"></a>26. <span class="sc">The Printed Editions.</span></p> <p><span class="sc">Caxton.</span> Chaucer's Boethius was first printed by Caxton, without date; but probably before 1479. See the description in The Biography and Typography of W. Caxton, by W. @@ -1930,7 +1892,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net is that by Chalmers, in vol. i. of his British Poets, as it is in Roman type. It closely resembles the edition of 1561, and is therefore not very correct.</p> - <p class="ac">§ <a id="sboe27"></a>27. <span class="sc">The Present Edition.</span></p> + <p class="ac">§ <a id="sboe27"></a>27. <span class="sc">The Present Edition.</span></p> <p>The present edition is, practically, the first in which the preparation of the text has received adequate attention. Caxton's edition probably represents a single MS., though a very good @@ -2011,12 +1973,12 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <h1 class="sp3 ac" style="margin-bottom:4.7ex;"><span class="x-larger">INTRODUCTION TO TROILUS.</span></h1> - <p>§ <a id="stro1"></a>1. <span class="sc">Date of the Work.</span> The probable date is about + <p>§ <a id="stro1"></a>1. <span class="sc">Date of the Work.</span> The probable date is about 1380-2, and can hardly have been earlier than 1379 or later than 1383. No doubt it was in hand for a considerable time. It certainly followed close upon the translation of Boethius; see p. vii above.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro2"></a>2. <span class="sc">Sources of the Work.</span> The chief authority + <p>§ <a id="stro2"></a>2. <span class="sc">Sources of the Work.</span> The chief authority followed by Chaucer is Boccaccio's poem named <i>Il Filostrato</i>, in 9 Parts or Books of very variable length, and composed in ottava rima, or stanzas containing eight lines each. I have used the copy in the Opere Volgari di G. Boccaccio; Firenze, 1832.</p> @@ -2061,7 +2023,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net enable the reader, in general, to discover the passages which are in no way due to the <i>Filostrato</i>.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro3"></a>3. I have taken occasion, at the same time, to note <i>other</i> passages + <p>§ <a id="stro3"></a>3. I have taken occasion, at the same time, to note <i>other</i> passages for which Chaucer is indebted to some other authors. Of these we may particularly note the following. In Book I, lines 400-420 are translated from Petrarch's 88th Sonnet, which is quoted at length at p. <a href="#page464">464</a>. In Book III, lines 813-833, 1625-9, and 1744-1768 are all @@ -2071,15 +2033,15 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net borrowings, we may subtract about 220 lines more from Chaucer's 'balance'; which still leaves due to him nearly 5436 lines.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro4"></a>4. Of course it will be readily understood that, in the case of these 5436 + <p>§ <a id="stro4"></a>4. Of course it will be readily understood that, in the case of these 5436 lines, numerous short quotations and allusions occur, most of which are pointed out in the notes. Thus, in Book II, lines 402-3 are from Ovid, Art. Amat. ii. 118; lines 716-8 are from Le Roman de la Rose<a id="NtA_47" href="#Nt_47"><sup>[47]</sup></a>; and so on. No particular notice need be taken of this, as similar hints are utilised in other poems by Chaucer; and, indeed, by all other poets. But there is one particular case of borrowing, of considerable importance, which will be - considered below, in § <a href="#stro9">9</a> (p. <a href="#pageliii">liii</a>).</p> + considered below, in § <a href="#stro9">9</a> (p. <a href="#pageliii">liii</a>).</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro5"></a>5. It is, however, necessary to observe here that, in taking his story from + <p>§ <a id="stro5"></a>5. It is, however, necessary to observe here that, in taking his story from Boccaccio, Chaucer has so altered and adapted it as to make it peculiarly his own; precisely as he has done in the case of the Knightes Tale. Sometimes he translates very closely and even neatly, and sometimes he takes a mere hint from a long <span class="pagenum" @@ -2097,7 +2059,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net the same time, if I begin to quote from them, I shall hardly know where to stop. See also Ten Brink's English Literature, and Morley's English Writers, vol. v.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro6"></a>6. It has been observed that, whilst Chaucer carefully read and made very + <p>§ <a id="stro6"></a>6. It has been observed that, whilst Chaucer carefully read and made very good use of two of Boccaccio's works, viz. Il Filostrato and Il Teseide, he nowhere mentions Boccaccio by name; and this has occasioned some surprise. But we must not apply modern ideas to explain medieval facts, as is so frequently done. When we consider how often MSS. of works by @@ -2108,7 +2070,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Prologue (E 27-35), he has to explain who he was, and to inform readers of his recent death. In those days, there was much laxity in the mode of citing authors.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro7"></a>7. It will help us to understand matters more clearly, if we further + <p>§ <a id="stro7"></a>7. It will help us to understand matters more clearly, if we further observe the haphazard manner in which quotations were often made. We know, for example, that no book was more accessible than the Vulgate version of the Bible; yet it is quite common to find the most curious mistakes made in reference to it. The author of Piers Plowman (B. text, iii. 93-95) @@ -2140,11 +2102,11 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net even more freely than he has quoted Ovid. 'Chaucer on Horace' would have been delightful indeed; but this treat was denied, both to him and to us.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro8"></a>8. The first and second scraps from Horace are hackneyed quotations. 'Multa + <p>§ <a id="stro8"></a>8. The first and second scraps from Horace are hackneyed quotations. 'Multa renascentur' occurs in Troil. ii. 22 (see note, <span class="pagenum" id="pageliii">{liii}</span>p. 468); and 'Humano capiti' in Troil. ii. 1041 (note, p. <a href="#page472">472</a>). In the third case (p. <a href="#page464">464</a>), there is no reason - why we should hesitate to accept the theory, suggested by Dr. G. Latham (<i>Athenæum</i>, Oct. 3, + why we should hesitate to accept the theory, suggested by Dr. G. Latham (<i>Athenæum</i>, Oct. 3, 1868) and by Professor Ten Brink independently, that the well-known line (Epist. I, 2. 1)—</p> @@ -2169,7 +2131,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net 'excellence' of his 'auctor.' The statement, in Book ii. 14, that he took the story 'out of Latin' is less helpful than it appears to be; for 'Latin' may mean either Latin or Italian.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro9"></a>9. I have spoken (§ <a href="#stro4">4</a>) of 'a particular case of + <p>§ <a id="stro9"></a>9. I have spoken (§ <a href="#stro4">4</a>) of 'a particular case of borrowing,' which I now propose to consider more particularly. The discovery that Chaucer mainly drew his materials from Boccaccio seems to have satisfied most enquirers; and hence it has come to pass that one of Chaucer's sources has been little regarded, though it is really of some @@ -2190,7 +2152,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net the terror he inspired.' Hence we naturally come to the question, what incidents in Troilus are expressly due to Guido?</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro10"></a>10. Before answering this question, it will be best to consider the famous + <p>§ <a id="stro10"></a>10. Before answering this question, it will be best to consider the famous <i>crux</i>, as to the meaning of the word <i>Trophee</i>.</p> <p>When Lydgate is speaking of his master's Troilus, viz. in his Prologue to the Falls of Princes, @@ -2224,7 +2186,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>Whence, we may ask, is this taken? My answer is, <i>from Guido</i>.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro11"></a>11. If we examine the sources of the story of Hercules in the Monkes Tale, + <p>§ <a id="stro11"></a>11. If we examine the sources of the story of Hercules in the Monkes Tale, we see that all the supposed facts <i>except</i> the one mentioned in the two lines above quoted are taken from Boethius and Ovid (see the Notes). Now the next most obvious source of information was Guido's work, since the very first Book has a good deal about Hercules, and the Legend of @@ -2236,7 +2198,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="poem"> <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'But the wonders that he wroght in this world here</p> - <p>In yche cuntré ben knowen under Criste evyn.</p> + <p>In yche cuntré ben knowen under Criste evyn.</p> <p>Tow pyllers he pight in a place lowe</p> <p>Vppon Gades groundes, that he gotton had.'</p> </div> @@ -2267,7 +2229,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div><span class="pagenum" id="pagelvi">{lvi}</span></div> - <p>§ <a id="stro12"></a>12. <i>Why</i> this particular book was so called, we have no means of + <p>§ <a id="stro12"></a>12. <i>Why</i> this particular book was so called, we have no means of knowing<a id="NtA_51" href="#Nt_51"><sup>[51]</sup></a>; but this does not invalidate the fact here pointed out. Of course the Latin side-note in some of the MSS. of the Monkes Tale, which explains 'Trophee' as referring to 'ille vates Chaldeorum Tropheus,' must be due to some mistake, @@ -2277,7 +2239,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net of Trogus, i.e. Pompeius Trogus the historian, whose work is one of the authorities for the history of the Assyrian monarchy.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro13"></a>13. It remains for me to point out some of the passages in Troilus which + <p>§ <a id="stro13"></a>13. It remains for me to point out some of the passages in Troilus which are clearly due to Guido, and are not found in Boccaccio at all.</p> <p>Book I. 145-7:—</p> @@ -2305,7 +2267,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net description should be compared with Book II. 157-161, where the very phrase 'Ector the secounde' is used; see also ll. 181-189.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro14"></a>14. Book II. 618. 'The yate ... Of Dardanus.' The six gates of Troy are + <p>§ <a id="stro14"></a>14. Book II. 618. 'The yate ... Of Dardanus.' The six gates of Troy are named in Guido, Book IV, 'Quarum vna <i>Dardanides</i>, secunda Tymbrea, tercia Helyas, quarta Chetas, quinta Troiana, vltima Anthenorides vocabantur.'</p> @@ -2316,7 +2278,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>Lydgate keeps the form 'Dardanydes'; cap. xi. fol. F 5.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro15"></a>15. Book IV. 204. 'For he was after traytour to the toun.' The treason of + <p>§ <a id="stro15"></a>15. Book IV. 204. 'For he was after traytour to the toun.' The treason of Antenor is told by Guido at great length; see 'Boke xxviii' of the allit. Troy-book, p. 364; Lydgate, Siege of Troye, Y 6, back. Cf. Dictys Cretensis, lib. iv. c. 22.</p> @@ -2340,7 +2302,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net refers us to Chaucer; Siege of Troye, fol. R 2, back. The allit. Troy-book actually does the same; l. 8054.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro16"></a>16. Book V. 92-189. These fourteen stanzas are not in Boccaccio. The + <p>§ <a id="stro16"></a>16. Book V. 92-189. These fourteen stanzas are not in Boccaccio. The corresponding passage in Guido (Book XIX) is as follows<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> <p>'Troilus et Troiani redeunt, Grecis eam recipientibus in suo commeatu. Inter quos dum esset @@ -2463,7 +2425,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net of the interference of the gods in the affairs of the Greeks and Trojans is ultimately due to Homer.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro17"></a>17. With regard to the statement in Guido, that Achilles slew Hector + <p>§ <a id="stro17"></a>17. With regard to the statement in Guido, that Achilles slew Hector <i>treacherously</i>, we must remember how much turns upon this assertion. His object was to glorify the Trojans, the supposed ancestors of the Roman race, and to depreciate the Greeks. The following passage from Guido, Book XXV, is too characteristic to be omitted. 'Set o Homere, qui in @@ -2471,20 +2433,20 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net induxit, vt Achillem tantis probitatis meritis vel titulis exultasses?' Such was the general opinion about Homer in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro18"></a>18. This is not the place for a full consideration of the further + <p>§ <a id="stro18"></a>18. This is not the place for a full consideration of the further question, as to the sources of information whence Boccaccio and Guido respectively drew their stories. Nor is it profitable to search the supposed works of Dares and Dictys for the passages to which Chaucer appears to refer; since he merely knew those authors by name, owing to Guido's frequent appeals to them. Nevertheless, it is interesting to find that Guido was quite as innocent as were Chaucer and Lydgate of any knowledge of Dares and Dictys at first hand. He acquired his great reputation in the simplest possible way, by stealing the whole of his 'History' bodily, from - a French romance by Benoît de Sainte-More, entitled <i>Le Roman de Troie</i>, which has been well + a French romance by Benoît de Sainte-More, entitled <i>Le Roman de Troie</i>, which has been well edited and discussed by Mons. A. Joly. Mons. Joly has shewn that the <i>Roman de Troie</i> first appeared between the years 1175 and 1185; and that Guido's <i>Historia Troiana</i> is little more than an adaptation of it, which was completed in the year 1287, without any acknowledgment as to its true source.</p> - <p>Benoît frequently cites Dares (or Daires), and at the end of his poem, ll. 30095-6, says<span + <p>Benoît frequently cites Dares (or Daires), and at the end of his poem, ll. 30095-6, says<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> <div class="poem"> @@ -2493,11 +2455,11 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p>In his Hist. of Eng. Literature (E. version, ii. 113), Ten Brink remarks that, whilst Chaucer - prefers to follow Guido rather than <span class="pagenum" id="pagelxii">{lxii}</span>Benoît in his + prefers to follow Guido rather than <span class="pagenum" id="pagelxii">{lxii}</span>Benoît in his Legend of Good Women, he 'does the exact opposite to what he did in Troilus.' For this assertion I - can find but little proof. It is hard to find anything in Benoît's lengthy Romance which he may + can find but little proof. It is hard to find anything in Benoît's lengthy Romance which he may not have taken, much more easily, from Guido. There are, however, just a few such points in Book - V. 1037-1078. Thus, in l. 1038, Criseyde gives Diomede Troilus' horse; cf. Benoît, l. + V. 1037-1078. Thus, in l. 1038, Criseyde gives Diomede Troilus' horse; cf. Benoît, l. 15046—'lo cheval Vos presterai.' L. 1043 is from the same, ll. 15102-4<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> @@ -2508,16 +2470,16 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p>Ll. 1051-7 answer to the same, beginning at l. 20233; and l. 1074 is from the same, l. - 20308:—'Dex donge bien à Troylus!' I doubt if there is much more.</p> + 20308:—'Dex donge bien à Troylus!' I doubt if there is much more.</p> <p>For some further account of the works ascribed to Dares Phrygius and Dictys Cretensis, both duly edited among the 'Delphin Classics,' I must refer the reader to Smith's Classical Dictionary.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro19"></a>19. The whole question of the various early romances that relate to Troy + <p>§ <a id="stro19"></a>19. The whole question of the various early romances that relate to Troy is well considered in a work entitled 'Testi Inediti di Storia Trojana, preceduti da uno studio sulla Leggenda Trojana in Italia, per Egidio Gorra; Torino, 1887'; where various authorities are - cited, and specimens of several texts are given. At p. 136 are given the very lines of Benoît's + cited, and specimens of several texts are given. At p. 136 are given the very lines of Benoît's <i>Roman</i> (ll. 795-6) where Guido found a reference to the columns of Hercules<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> @@ -2533,7 +2495,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Alexander set up his at another 'end of the world,' viz. at the furthest point of India which he succeeded in reaching. So says his Romance; see Alexander and Dindimus, ed. Skeat, l. 1137; Wars of Alexander, l. 5063. The setting up of pillars as boundary-marks seems to have been common; cf. - Vergil, Æn. xi. 262. Among the points noticed by Gorra, I may mention the following<span + Vergil, Æn. xi. 262. Among the points noticed by Gorra, I may mention the following<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> <p>1. Some account (p. 7) of the Ephemeris Belli Troiani by <span class="pagenum" @@ -2545,9 +2507,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>2. Some account (p. 17) of the Historia de Excidio Troiae of Dares Phrygius, a work which (as was pretended) was discovered by Cornelius Nepos. This also, in the opinion of most critics, was an original work. At p. 115, there is a comparison of the lists of Greek leaders and the number of - their ships (cf. Homer, Il. ii.) as given by Dares, Benoît, and Guido.</p> + their ships (cf. Homer, Il. ii.) as given by Dares, Benoît, and Guido.</p> - <p>3. At p. 123, there is an enumeration of points in which Guido varies from Benoît.</p> + <p>3. At p. 123, there is an enumeration of points in which Guido varies from Benoît.</p> <p>4. At p. 152, is an account of some Italian prose versions of the story of Troy. Such are: La Istorietta Trojana, with extracts from it at p. 371; a romance by Binduccio dello Scelto, with @@ -2561,7 +2523,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net d'Achille, Il Trojano di Domenico da Montechiello, Il Trojano a stampa (i.e. a printed edition of Il Trojano), and L'Intelligenza. At p. 336, Boccaccio's Filostrato is discussed; followed by a brief notice of an anonymous poem, also in ottava rima, called Il cantare di Insidoria. It appears - that Boccaccio followed some recension of the French text of Benoît, but much of the work is his + that Boccaccio followed some recension of the French text of Benoît, but much of the work is his own invention. In particular, he created the character of Pandaro, who resembles a Neapolitan courtier of his own period.</p> @@ -2572,29 +2534,29 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Diomede her sleeve as a love-token, <span class="pagenum" id="pagelxiv">{lxiv}</span>after which a 'jousting' takes place between Diomede and Troilus, in which the former is badly wounded.</p> - <p>For further remarks, we are referred, in particular, to H. Dunger's Dictys-Septimius: über die - ursprüngliche Abfassung und die Quellen der Ephemeris belli Troiani; Dresden, 1878 (Programm des + <p>For further remarks, we are referred, in particular, to H. Dunger's Dictys-Septimius: über die + ursprüngliche Abfassung und die Quellen der Ephemeris belli Troiani; Dresden, 1878 (Programm des Vitzthumschen Gymnasiums); to another essay by the same author on Die Sage vom trojanischen - Kriege, Leipzig, 1869; to Koerting's Dictys und Dares, &c., Halle, 1874; to A. Joly's Benoît + Kriege, Leipzig, 1869; to Koerting's Dictys und Dares, &c., Halle, 1874; to A. Joly's Benoît de Sainte-More et le Roman de Troie, Paris, 1871; and to an article by C. Wagener on Dares Phrygius, in <i>Philologus</i>, vol. xxxviii. The student may also consult E. Meybrinck, Die - Auffassung der Antike bei Jacques Millet, Guido de Columna, und Benoît de Ste-More, printed in - Ausgaben und Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete für Romanischen Philologie, Marburg, 1886; where the + Auffassung der Antike bei Jacques Millet, Guido de Columna, und Benoît de Ste-More, printed in + Ausgaben und Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete für Romanischen Philologie, Marburg, 1886; where the author concludes that Millet was the originator of the story in France. Also W. Greif, Die mittelalterlichen Bearbeitungen der Trojanersage; Marburg, 1886.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro20"></a>20. A few words may be said as to the names of the characters. Troilus is + <p>§ <a id="stro20"></a>20. A few words may be said as to the names of the characters. Troilus is only once mentioned in Homer, where he is said to be one of the sons of Priam, who were slain in battle, Iliad, xxiv. 257; so that his story is of medieval invention, except as to the - circumstance of his slayer being Achilles, as stated by Vergil, Æn. i. 474, 475; cf. Horace, Carm. + circumstance of his slayer being Achilles, as stated by Vergil, Æn. i. 474, 475; cf. Horace, Carm. ii. 9. 16. Pandarus occurs as the name of two distinct personages; (1) a Lycian archer, who - wounded Menelaus; see Homer, Il. iv. 88, Vergil, Æn. 5. 496; and (2) a companion of Æneas, slain - by Turnus; see Vergil, Æn. ix. 672, xi. 396. Diomede is a well-known hero in the Iliad, but his - love-story is of late invention. The heroine of Benoît's poem is Briseida, of whom Dares (c. 13) + wounded Menelaus; see Homer, Il. iv. 88, Vergil, Æn. 5. 496; and (2) a companion of Æneas, slain + by Turnus; see Vergil, Æn. ix. 672, xi. 396. Diomede is a well-known hero in the Iliad, but his + love-story is of late invention. The heroine of Benoît's poem is Briseida, of whom Dares (c. 13) has merely the following brief account: 'Briseidam formosam, alta statura, candidam, capillo flauo et molli, superciliis junctis<a id="NtA_59" href="#Nt_59"><sup>[59]</sup></a>, oculis venustis, corpore aequali, blandam, affabilem, uerecundam, animo simplici, piam'; but he records nothing - more about her. The name is simply copied from Homer's <span title="Brisêida" + more about her. The name is simply copied from Homer's <span title="Brisêida" class="fsn">Βρισηΐδα</span>, Il. i. 184, the accusative being taken (as often) as a new nominative case; this Briseis was the captive assigned to Achilles. But Boccaccio substitutes for this the form Griseida, taken from the accusative of @@ -2604,11 +2566,11 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net observing the form Chryseida in his favourite author, Ovid; see Remed. Amoris, 469. Calchas, in Homer, Il. i. 69, is a Grecian priest; but in the later story he becomes a Trojan soothsayer, who, foreseeing the destruction of Troy, secedes to the Greek side, and is looked upon as a traitor. - Cf. Vergil, Æn. ii. 176; Ovid, Art. Amat. ii. 737.</p> + Cf. Vergil, Æn. ii. 176; Ovid, Art. Amat. ii. 737.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro21"></a>21. In Anglia, xiv. 241, there is a useful comparison, by Dr. E. Köppel, - of the parallel passages in Troilus and the French Roman de la Rose, ed. Méon, Paris, 1814, which - I shall denote by 'R.' These are mostly pointed out in the Notes. Köppel's list is as follows<span + <p>§ <a id="stro21"></a>21. In Anglia, xiv. 241, there is a useful comparison, by Dr. E. Köppel, + of the parallel passages in Troilus and the French Roman de la Rose, ed. Méon, Paris, 1814, which + I shall denote by 'R.' These are mostly pointed out in the Notes. Köppel's list is as follows<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> <p>Troilus. I. 635 (cf. III. 328).—Rom. Rose, 8041. 637.—R. 21819. 747.—R. 7595. @@ -2634,7 +2596,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net is now (1893) being printed for the Chaucer Society. A Ryme-Index to the same, compiled by myself, has been published for the same society, dated 1891.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro22"></a>22. I have frequently alluded above to the alliterative 'Troy-book,' or + <p>§ <a id="stro22"></a>22. I have frequently alluded above to the alliterative 'Troy-book,' or 'Gest Historiale,' edited for the Early English Text Society, in 1869-74, by Panton and Donaldson. This is useful for reference, as being a tolerably close translation of Guido, although a little imperfect, owing to the loss of some leaves and some slight omissions (probably) on the part of @@ -2665,7 +2627,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net so that the date 'about 1400,' adopted in the New Eng. Dictionary (s. v. <i>Bercelet</i>, &c.) cannot be far wrong<a id="NtA_62" href="#Nt_62"><sup>[62]</sup></a>.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro23"></a>23. Another useful book, frequently mentioned above, is Lydgate's Siege of + <p>§ <a id="stro23"></a>23. Another useful book, frequently mentioned above, is Lydgate's Siege of Troye<a href="#Nt_61"><sup>[61]</sup></a>, of which I possess a copy printed in 1555. This contains several allusions to Chaucer's Troilus, and more than one passage in praise of Chaucer's poetical powers, two of which are quoted in Mr. Rossetti's remarks on MS. Harl. 3943 (Chaucer Soc. @@ -2677,7 +2639,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net interpolates long passages, besides borrowing a large number of poetical expressions from his 'maister.'</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro24"></a>24. Finally, I must not omit to mention the remarkable poem by Robert + <p>§ <a id="stro24"></a>24. Finally, I must not omit to mention the remarkable poem by Robert Henrysoun, called the Testament and Complaint of Criseyde, which forms a sequel to Chaucer's story. Thynne actually printed this, in his edition of 1532, as one of Chaucer's poems, immediately after Troilus; and all the black-letter editions follow suit. Yet the 9th and 10th @@ -2700,7 +2662,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>And what distresse she was in or she deyde.'</p> </div> - <p>§ <a id="stro25"></a>25. <span class="sc">The Manuscripts.</span></p> + <p>§ <a id="stro25"></a>25. <span class="sc">The Manuscripts.</span></p> <p><b>1.</b> MS. <b>Cl.</b>—The Campsall MS., on vellum, written before 1413; prepared for Henry, Prince of Wales, afterwards Henry V, as shewn by his arms on leaf 2. The poem occupies @@ -2722,7 +2684,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net faults of 'anticipation' appear most clearly in such startling forms as <i>addermost</i> for <i>aldermost</i>, I. 248, where the former <i>d</i> is due to the one that is coming; <i>assent</i> for <i>absent</i>, IV. 1642, for a like reason; <i>estal</i> for <i>estat</i>, - because the next word is <i>royal</i>, I. 432; <i>þyn</i> for <i>þyng</i>, because the next word + because the next word is <i>royal</i>, I. 432; <i>þyn</i> for <i>þyng</i>, because the next word is <i>myn</i>, I. 683; <i>nat</i> for <i>nas</i>, because the next word is <i>not</i>, I. 738; <i>seynt</i> for <i>seyn</i>, because the next word is <i>that</i>, V. 369; <i>shad</i> for <i>shal</i>, because the next word is <i>drede</i>, V. 385; <i>liten</i> for <i>litel</i>, because @@ -2768,7 +2730,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><b>2.</b> MS. <b>Cp.</b>—MS. No. 61 in Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, described in Nasmith's Catalogue, p. 40, as 'a parchment book in folio neatly written, and ornamented with a frontispiece richly illuminated, containing Chaucer's Troilus, in four [<i>error for</i> five] - books.' It is a fine folio MS., 12 inches by 8½. This MS., noticed by Warton, has not as yet been + books.' It is a fine folio MS., 12 inches by 8½. This MS., noticed by Warton, has not as yet been printed, though the Chaucer Society have undertaken to print it, upon my recommendation. It contains many pages that are left wholly or partially blank, obviously meant to be supplied with illuminations; which shews that it was written for some wealthy person. On the left margin, near @@ -2804,8 +2766,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net differences are as follows. In Bk. ii. 734, 5, this MS. has quite a different couplet, viz.:</p> <div class="poem"> - <p>Men louyn women þ<i>our</i> al þis tou<i>n</i> aboute;</p> - <p>Be þey þe wers? whi, nay, w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i>-outyn doute.</p> + <p>Men louyn women þ<i>our</i> al þis tou<i>n</i> aboute;</p> + <p>Be þey þe wers? whi, nay, w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i>-outyn doute.</p> </div> <p>Bk. ii. 792 runs thus:—</p> @@ -3019,7 +2981,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net and 'chaucer' to the right; connected by a thin stroke. See my 'Twelve Facsimiles of Old English MSS.'; Plate XII.</p> - <p><b>12.</b> MS. Arch. Seld. supra 56. Small quarto, 8 inches by 5½, on paper; vellum binding; + <p><b>12.</b> MS. Arch. Seld. supra 56. Small quarto, 8 inches by 5½, on paper; vellum binding; writing clear. A poor copy. The grammar shews a Northern dialect.</p> <div><span class="pagenum" id="pagelxxv">{lxxv}</span></div> @@ -3031,7 +2993,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><b>14.</b> MS. L. 1, in St. John's College, Cambridge. A fair MS., perhaps earlier than 1450. Subjoined to the Troilus is a sixteenth century copy of the Testament of Creseide. Quarto; on - vellum; 10 inches by 6½; in 10 sheets of 12 leaves each. Leaf g 12 is cut out, and g 11 is blank, + vellum; 10 inches by 6½; in 10 sheets of 12 leaves each. Leaf g 12 is cut out, and g 11 is blank, but nothing seems to be lost. It frequently agrees with Cp., as in I. 5, fro ye; 21, be this; 36, desespeyred; 45, fair ladys so; 70, Delphicus; 308, kan thus. In I. 272, it correctly has: p<i>er</i>cede; in 337, nou<i>n</i>c<i>er</i>teyne. In II. 734, it agrees with H.; 735 @@ -3054,7 +3016,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net shews some of the chief variations. Observe that many MSS. omit I. 890-6; in the John's MS., it is inserted in a much later hand. The stanza is obviously genuine.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro26"></a>26. <span class="sc">The Editions.</span> 'Troilus' was first printed by + <p>§ <a id="stro26"></a>26. <span class="sc">The Editions.</span> 'Troilus' was first printed by Caxton, about 1484; but without printer's name, place, or date. See the description in Blades' Life of Caxton, p. 297. There is no title-page. Each page contains five stanzas. Two copies are in the British Museum; one at St. John's College, Oxford; and one (till <span class="pagenum" @@ -3074,7 +3036,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net 584; and a few similar curiosities. But I found it worth while to collate it throughout; and readings from it are marked 'Ed.' The later black-letter copies are mere reproductions of it.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro27"></a>27. <span class="sc">The Present Edition.</span> The present edition has + <p>§ <a id="stro27"></a>27. <span class="sc">The Present Edition.</span> The present edition has the great advantage of being founded upon Cl. and Cp., neither of which have been previously made use of, though they are the two best. Bell's text is founded upon the Harleian MSS. numbered 1239, 2280, and 3943, in separate fragments; hence the text is neither uniform nor very good. Morris's @@ -3134,7 +3096,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Campsall MS. omits I. 890-6; and his print of MS. Harl. 3943 counts in the Latin lines here printed at p. <a href="#page404">404</a>.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro28"></a>28. It is worth notice that Troilus contains about fifty lines <span + <p>§ <a id="stro28"></a>28. It is worth notice that Troilus contains about fifty lines <span class="pagenum" id="pagelxxviii">{lxxviii}</span>in which the first foot consists of a single syllable. Examples in Book I are<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> @@ -3155,14 +3117,14 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>It thus appears that deficient lines of this character are by no means confined to the poems in 'heroic verse,' but occur in stanzas as well. Compare the Parlement of Foules, 445, 569.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro29"></a>29. <span class="sc">Proverbs.</span> Troilus contains a considerable + <p>§ <a id="stro29"></a>29. <span class="sc">Proverbs.</span> Troilus contains a considerable number of proverbs and proverbial phrases or similes. See, e. g., I. 257, 300, 631, 638, 694, 708, 731, 740, 946-952, 960, 964, 1002, 1024; II. 343, 398, 403, 585, 784, 804, 807, 861, 867, 1022, 1030, 1041, 1238, 1245, 1332, 1335, 1380, 1387, 1553, 1745; III. 35, 198, 294, 308, 329, 405, 526, 711, 764, 775, 859, 861, 931, 1625, 1633; IV. 184, 415, 421, 460, 588, 595, 622, 728, 836, 1098, 1105, 1374, 1456, 1584; V. 484, 505, 784, 899, 971, 1174, 1265, 1433.</p> - <p>§ <a id="stro30"></a>30. A translation of the first two books of Troilus into Latin verse, by + <p>§ <a id="stro30"></a>30. A translation of the first two books of Troilus into Latin verse, by Sir Francis Kinaston, was printed at Oxford in 1635. The volume also contains a few notes, but I do not find in them anything of value. The author tries to reproduce the English stanza, as thus<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> @@ -3170,7 +3132,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="poem"> <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'Dolorem Troili duplicem narrare,</p> <p>Qui Priami Regis Trojae fuit gnatus,</p> - <p>Vt primùm illi contigit amare,</p> + <p>Vt primùm illi contigit amare,</p> <p>Vt miser, felix, et infortunatus</p> <p>Erat, decessum ante sum conatus.</p> <p>Tisiphone, fer opem recensere</p> @@ -3179,7 +3141,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>For myself, I prefer the English.</p> - <p class="sp5">§ <a id="stro31"></a>31. Hazlitt's Handbook to Popular Literature records the + <p class="sp5">§ <a id="stro31"></a>31. Hazlitt's Handbook to Popular Literature records the following title:—'A Paraphrase vpon the 3 first bookes of Chaucer's Troilus and Cressida. Translated into modern English ... by J[onathan] S[idnam]. About 1630. Folio; 70 leaves; in 7-line stanzas.'</p> @@ -3296,7 +3258,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net two-horned; from Arab. <i>zū</i>, lord of, <i>hence</i>, possessing, and the dual form of <i>karn</i>, horn.</p> - <p>Notes to I. 948, 951; II. 36, 1335; III. 1219. Dr. Köppel has shewn (in Archiv für das Studium + <p>Notes to I. 948, 951; II. 36, 1335; III. 1219. Dr. Köppel has shewn (in Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen, xc. 150, that Chaucer here quotes from Alanus de Insulis, Liber Parabolarum (as printed in Migne, Cursus Patrologicus, vol. ccx). The passages are<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> @@ -3314,7 +3276,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>P. 498, Note to V, 806. <i>Add</i>—L. 813 is due to Dares; see p. lxiv, note.</p> <p class="sp5">P. 499, Note to V, 1039, l. 6. <i>For</i> the rest is Chaucer's addition - <i>read</i> the statement that she gave it to Diomede is due to Benoît; see p. lxii. Again, just + <i>read</i> the statement that she gave it to Diomede is due to Benoît; see p. lxii. Again, just below, <i>read</i> The incidents of the 'broche' and 'pensel' are also due to the same; see p. <a href="#pagelxii">lxii</a>.</p> @@ -9887,7 +9849,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <i>uiribus</i>. 10. C. stidefast; A. stedfast. 12. C. stidefastnesse; A. stedfastnesse. 13. C. A. fey; Ed. faythe. 19. C. lakkit; A. lakketh. 25. C. denoyed. 28. C. <i>om.</i> he <i>bef.</i> ne. 33. C. halt; A. halden; Ed. holde. // A. Ed. that that; C. that. 42. A. whan that; C. Ed. - <i>om.</i> that. 45. C. It ne ... nat; A. It recordeth me wel; Lat. <i>Minimè ... recordor</i>. + <i>om.</i> that. 45. C. It ne ... nat; A. It recordeth me wel; Lat. <i>Minimè ... recordor</i>. 48. C. defference; A. Ed. difference. 63. A. resoun; Lat. <i>rationum</i>. 67. C. by (<i>for</i> but; <i>by mistake</i>). 68. Ed. accomplyssheth; A. acomplisith; C. a-complesseth (<i>twice</i>). 70. A. demest thou. 73. C. denoye (<i>for</i> deneye); A. Ed. denye. // A. moeuementz; Lat. @@ -13795,7 +13757,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">305</div> </div> - <p class="lined">With-inne the subtile stremes of hir yën;</p> + <p class="lined">With-inne the subtile stremes of hir yën;</p> <p>That sodeynly him thoughte he felte dyen,</p> <p>Right with hir look, the spirit in his herte;</p> <p>Blessed be love, that thus can folk converte!</p> @@ -14038,7 +14000,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="lined">This, trowe I, knoweth al this companye.</p> <p>But were he fer or neer, I dar seye this,</p> <p>By night or day, for wysdom or folye,</p> - <p>His herte, which that is his brestes yë,</p> + <p>His herte, which that is his brestes yë,</p> <p>Was ay on hir, that fairer was to sene</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">455</div> @@ -14367,7 +14329,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>Thyn hevy charge; it shal the lasse dere.</p> <p class="stanza">94. I woot wel that it fareth thus by me</p> <p>As to thy brother Parys an herdesse,</p> - <p>Which that y-cleped was <a href="#TINL654" id="TIL654">Oënone</a>,</p> + <p>Which that y-cleped was <a href="#TINL654" id="TIL654">Oënone</a>,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">655</div> </div> @@ -14761,7 +14723,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="stanza lined">128. <a href="#TINL890" id="TIL890">And for-thy loke </a>of good comfort thou be;</p> <p>For certeinly, the firste poynt is this</p> - <p>Of noble corage and wel ordeynè,</p> + <p>Of noble corage and wel ordeynè,</p> <p>A man to have pees with him-self, y-wis;</p> <p>So oughtest thou, for nought but good it is</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -15126,8 +15088,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <i>before</i> beste. Cp. Cm. beste; <i>rest</i> best. 163. H. Cm. wente; <i>rest</i> went. 164. Cl. Cm. herkenen; Cp. herknen. 167. Cl. bothe meene meste; H. Cp. bothe most meyne; Cm. bothe meste; Ed. bothe most. 168. Cl. and for the; Cp. H. Cm. Ed. <i>om.</i> for. 171. H. furste; Cl. - Cm. first. 172. Cl. stode; Cp. stood. 174. Cl. yet thing seyn; H. þat seyn thing; Cm. yit seyen - þyng; H2. seyn thing (<i>best</i>). // Cl. presed; H. Cp. preysed. 175. H. Cm. Cp. cloude; Cl. + Cm. first. 172. Cl. stode; Cp. stood. 174. Cl. yet thing seyn; H. þat seyn thing; Cm. yit seyen + þyng; H2. seyn thing (<i>best</i>). // Cl. presed; H. Cp. preysed. 175. H. Cm. Cp. cloude; Cl. cloud. 176, 178. Cl. euerichone, allone. 192. Cp. baiten; Cl. beyten. 196. H. Cm. Cp. ful; Cl. <i>om.</i> 198. Cm. lewede; H2. lewde; Ed. leude; Cl. H. <i>om.</i> 199. H. Cm. Cp. Ed. which a labour; Cl. swych labour as. 202. Cl. loues; <i>rest</i> fooles (folis). 206. Cl. to loken; @@ -15167,7 +15129,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net bitwixen; H. betwexen; Cm. be-twexe; Cl. by-twen. 423. Cp. oughte; Cm. auȝte; Cl. aught. // H. yours; Cp. youres; Cl. youre; <i>see</i> l. 422. 427. Cl. leue; Cp. H. Cm. lyue. 430. Cl. my lord; <i>rest om.</i> my. 432. estat] Cl. estal. 435. Cl. deynede; Cp. H. Cm. deyned. 436. - <i>After</i> love, Cl. <i>ins.</i> þe, <i>and</i> H. <i>ins.</i> ye. // H2. blesse; Cl. blysse; + <i>After</i> love, Cl. <i>ins.</i> þe, <i>and</i> H. <i>ins.</i> ye. // H2. blesse; Cl. blysse; Cp. H. blisse; Cm. blys. 439. held] Cl. hold. 440. Cm. brende; Cl. brend. 444. Cp. Cm. sette; Cl. H. sett. 446. H. preesse. 453. Cp. H. Cm. herte; Cl. hert. // <i>All</i> eye (eyȝe). 454. Cl. fairest; <i>rest</i> fairer. 457. Cl. tymes; <i>see</i> 531. 460. H2. deyd; Cp. Ed. deyde; Cl. @@ -15188,7 +15150,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Ed. sen me. 572. H. henne; Cm. hene; Cl. hens; Cp. hennes. 573. Cl. dishese. 578. Cl. Cm. wrought; H. y-wrogth; Cp. H2. Ed. yet wrought. 580. Cp. H. Ed. leste; Cl. Cm. lest. 581. Cl. Ne be; <i>rest om.</i> Ne. 582. Cl. sorwe; <i>rest</i> wo. 586. H. swiche; Cp. Cm. swich; Cl. such. 589. Cl. Cm. - þyn; H. Cp. þi. 596. Cp. H. Cm. sorwful Troilus; Cl. Troilus sorwfully. 600. Cl. don. 601. Cp. Cm. + þyn; H. Cp. þi. 596. Cp. H. Cm. sorwful Troilus; Cl. Troilus sorwfully. 600. Cl. don. 601. Cp. Cm. truste; H. tryste; Cl. trust. 602. Cm. herkene; Cl. H. herke. // Cm. frend; Cl. H. frende. 606. Cp. H. sailleth; Cm. saylyth; Ed. sayleth; Cl. ffayleth. 607. Cl. brennynly. 612. Cm. colde; Cl. H. cold. 613. Cl. telle; <i>rest</i> tolde. 622. Cl. Cm. thyn; Cp. H. thi. 626. Cm. exces; Cl. Cm. @@ -15200,10 +15162,10 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Cm. herkenyt; Ed. herkeneth. 659. Cl. medecyne. 661. Cp. H. Ed. herbes; Cl. erbess. // Cl. Cp. H. she; <i>rest</i> he. 663. Cp. H. bounden; Cm. boundyn; Cl. bounde. 664. Ed. Admete; <i>rest</i> Amete. 665. Cl. koude al; <i>rest om.</i> al. 667. Cl. H. oone; Cm. on. 674. Cm. deyen; Cl. deye; - Cp. H. dyen. 675. Cp. H. Ed. mo; Cl. Cm. more. 677. H2. thogh; Cm. þow; Cl. they; Cp. H. theigh. + Cp. H. dyen. 675. Cp. H. Ed. mo; Cl. Cm. more. 677. H2. thogh; Cm. þow; Cl. they; Cp. H. theigh. // thogh that] Ed. although. 680. Cl. as a; <i>rest om.</i> a. 681. Cl. Cp. Cm. telle; <i>rest</i> - tel. 682. H2. Ed. final; Cl. finally; Cp. finaly; H. fynali; Cm. finially (!). 683. Cl. þyn - (<i>for</i> þyng). 685. Cl. wygh (!). 687. H. witeth; Cl. Cm. weteth. 689. Cl. wot I. 690. H. Cm. + tel. 682. H2. Ed. final; Cl. finally; Cp. finaly; H. fynali; Cm. finially (!). 683. Cl. þyn + (<i>for</i> þyng). 685. Cl. wygh (!). 687. H. witeth; Cl. Cm. weteth. 689. Cl. wot I. 690. H. Cm. For for; Ed. As for; Cl. For. 693. H. Cm. Cp. Ed. tel me; Cl. telle me. // Cl. Cm. thou; Cp. H. the. 694. Cl. Thise; <i>rest</i> The. 697. Cl. yn certeyn; <i>rest om.</i> yn. // Cl. next. 700. Cl. terys. 703. Cl. this; Cp. H. thy. 704. Cl. forto; <i>rest</i> to. 707. Cl. sechen; <i>rest</i> @@ -15212,7 +15174,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Cp. Cm. lay as; Cl. <i>om.</i> as. 730. <i>All</i> lytargye (litargye). 734. H. Cp. synken; Cm. synkyn; Cl. synk yn. 737. H. Cp. answerde; Cl. answerede. 738. Cp. H. nas; Cl. nat (!); <i>rest</i> was. 739. Cl. <i>om.</i> no. 741. Cp. H. ybeten; Cm. I-bete; Cl. beten. 742. Cm. - maner; Cp. H. manere; Cl. maneres. // H. Cp. þise; Cl. þis. 743. H. tellynge; Cl. Cm. tellyng. + maner; Cp. H. manere; Cl. maneres. // H. Cp. þise; Cl. þis. 743. H. tellynge; Cl. Cm. tellyng. 744. Cl. ought; H. ougthte (<i>sic</i>). 745. Cp. Ed. ynough outsprynge; Cm. Inow outsprynge; Cl. not ought sprynge. 764. Cp. H. Cm. ther; <i>rest om.</i> 765. H. tel; Cl. Cm. telle. // Cl. wyst; Cp. H. Cm. Ed. wiste. 767. Cm. told hyre; Ed. H2. tolde it; Cp. H. tolde; Cl. telle. 769. Cp. @@ -15225,18 +15187,18 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Cl. wolde (<i>for</i> coude). 799. Cp. H. demen; Cm. demyn; Cl. deme. 803. H. Cm. thank; Cl. thonk. // Cl. then; Cp. than. 812. he] Cl. yet. 814. Cp. recreant; Cl. H. recreaunte. // Cl. H2. of; <i>rest</i> for. 815. Cl. feyr. 817. H. Cp. Ed. serue; Cl. seruen. 818. Cl. thenk. 819. Cp. - Cm. fold; Cl. H. folde. 820. Cl. Cp. H. <i>om.</i> And. 821. Cl. þought. 822. Cl. hym soth. 824. + Cm. fold; Cl. H. folde. 820. Cl. Cp. H. <i>om.</i> And. 821. Cl. þought. 822. Cl. hym soth. 824. Cl. Cp. H2. <i>om.</i> a. 826. woot she knew] Cl. knoweth (!). 830. Cl. Cp. H. <i>ins.</i> al <i>bef.</i> thy. 833. Cl. Cp. H. pieces. 837. Cm. wel; Cl. H. wele. 839. Cm. whel; Cl. H. whiel. 842. Cp. H. ȝe; Cm. ȝa; Cl. <i>om.</i> 846, 7. Cm. -gon, -on; Cl. H. -gone, -one. 848, 850. Cl. H. whiel; Cm. whelys (whel). 851. if] Cl. of (!). 855. what] Cl. whan. 858. Cm. - onwrye; Ed. vnwrie; Cl. H. vnwre. 862, 864. Cm. tel; Cl. H. telle. 863. Cp. thy; H. þi; Cl. Cm. - þin. 865. Cp. hopen; Cl. H. hopen the; Cm. Ed. hope. 867. H. Cm. wex; Cl. wax. 871. Cl. bigan; Cp. + onwrye; Ed. vnwrie; Cl. H. vnwre. 862, 864. Cm. tel; Cl. H. telle. 863. Cp. thy; H. þi; Cl. Cm. + þin. 865. Cp. hopen; Cl. H. hopen the; Cm. Ed. hope. 867. H. Cm. wex; Cl. wax. 871. Cl. bigan; Cp. H. Cm. gan. 883. H2. Ne y; H. Ny (= Ne y); Cl. Cm. <i>om.</i> I. 885. Cl. frendliour. // H2. ne a; Cl. H. na (= ne a); <i>see</i> l. 884. 886. Cp. <i>om. 2nd</i> to. 889. Cl. H. hires; Ed. hers. 890-896. Cl. Cp. H. Cm. <i>omit</i>; <i>from</i> Ed. <i>and</i> H2.; <i>also in</i> Jo. <i>and</i> Harl. 2392. 891. Ed. first; H2. ferst; <i>read</i> firste. 892. Ed. H2. wele. // Ed. ordayne the - (<i>with</i> the <i>added</i>; ordeynè <i>is trisyllabic</i>). 894. H2. <i>om.</i> nought but (!). + (<i>with</i> the <i>added</i>; ordeynè <i>is trisyllabic</i>). 894. H2. <i>om.</i> nought but (!). 895. H2. wele; Ed. wel. 896. H2. oght; Ed. ought; <i>read</i> oughte. 902. H. Cp. nought; Cl. not. 907. Cp. H. Cm. han; Cl. a. // thus] Cl. so. 908. Ed. wo<i>n</i>t; Cp. H. wonte; Cl. woned. 911. H. Cp. often; Cl. Cm. ofte. 914. H2. monche; Ed. monch; Cl. mucche; H. muche. 915. Cl. <i>om.</i> @@ -15247,11 +15209,11 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net H. for-ȝiue; Cl. Cm. for-yeue. 938. Cp. liue; Cl. Cm. leue. 939. Ed. H2. Pandare; Cl. H. Pandarus. 941. Cl. sithen that; Cp. H. sithen. // H. wepen; Cm. wepyn; Cl. wopen. 945. H. Cm. ben; Cl. be. 947. as] Cl. al; H2. and. 950, 1. Cl. nexst. // Cl. Cp. H2. derk; <i>rest</i> derke. 952. - the—of] Cl. after. 955. Cp. al; Cl. H. alle. 958. Cp. thy; Cl. Cm. þyn. 959. Cp. werke; Cl. + the—of] Cl. after. 955. Cp. al; Cl. H. alle. 958. Cp. thy; Cl. Cm. þyn. 959. Cp. werke; Cl. werk. 960. Cm. H2. partyd; <i>rest</i> departed. 962. Cp. H. Cm. though swich; Cl. that such. 963. of] Cl. on. 966. H. though; Cl. Cm. thow. // may] Cl. mowe. 969. Cp. Cm. faste; <i>rest</i> fast. 972. Cm. bothis. 973. Cp. H. Ed. maken; Cl. Cm. make. 980. Cl. Cp. Cm. <i>om.</i> to. 982. Cp. H. - Ed. bethynken; Cl. byþynke. 984. As] Cl. And. 985. Cp. Cm. trewely; Cl. H. trewly. H. Cp. sate; + Ed. bethynken; Cl. byþynke. 984. As] Cl. And. 985. Cp. Cm. trewely; Cl. H. trewly. H. Cp. sate; Cl. Cm. sat; (<i>read</i> sete). 986. H. Cp. louen; Cl. Cm. loue. 993. Cl. of it the wiser. 995. And] Cl. For. 997. it] Cl. that. 1002. now] Cl. ye. // Cl. Cp. H. wyse; <i>rest</i> grete. 1003. a] Cl. the. 1006. most god] Cm. god most. 1009. Cl. Whanne. 1017. MSS. telle; Ed. tel; <i>see</i> @@ -15382,7 +15344,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>So shoop it, that him fil that day a tene</p> <p>In love, for which in wo to bedde he wente,</p> <p>And made, er it was day, ful many a <a href="#TIINL63" id="TIIL63">wente</a>.</p> - <p class="stanza">10. The swalwe Proignè, with a sorwful lay,</p> + <p class="stanza">10. The swalwe Proignè, with a sorwful lay,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">65</div> </div> @@ -15769,7 +15731,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="linenum35">300</div> </div> <p class="lined">And ye be wrooth therfore, or wene I lye,</p> - <p>Ne shal I never seen yow eft with yë.</p> + <p>Ne shal I never seen yow eft with yë.</p> <p class="stanza">44. Beth nought agast, ne quaketh nat; wher-to?</p> <p>Ne chaungeth nat for fere so your hewe;</p> <p>For hardely, the werste of this is do;</p> @@ -15810,7 +15772,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="linenum35">325</div> </div> <p class="lined">Al sholde I with this knyf my throte kerve'—</p> - <p>With that the teres braste out of his yën,</p> + <p>With that the teres braste out of his yën,</p> <p>And seyde, 'if that ye doon us bothe dyen,</p> <p>Thus giltelees, than have ye <a href="#TIINL328" id="TIIL328">fisshed faire</a>;</p> <p>What <a href="#TIINL329" id="TIIL329">mende</a> ye, though that we bothe apeyre?</p> @@ -15933,10 +15895,10 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="stanza lined">58. <a href="#TIINL400" id="TIIL400">The kinges fool</a> is woned to cryen loude,</p> - <p>Whan that him thinketh a womman bereth hir hyë,</p> + <p>Whan that him thinketh a womman bereth hir hyë,</p> <p>"So longe mote ye live, and alle proude,</p> - <p>Til <a href="#TIINL403" id="TIIL403">crowes feet </a>be growe under your yë,</p> - <p>And sende yow thanne a mirour in to pryë</p> + <p>Til <a href="#TIINL403" id="TIIL403">crowes feet </a>be growe under your yë,</p> + <p>And sende yow thanne a mirour in to pryë</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">405</div> </div> @@ -16151,7 +16113,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>That may my goost departe awey fro thee,</p> <p>Thou be my sheld, for thy benignitee.</p> <p class="stanza">77. For certes, lord, so sore hath she me wounded</p> - <p>That stod in blak, with loking of hir yën,</p> + <p>That stod in blak, with loking of hir yën,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">535</div> </div> @@ -16339,7 +16301,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="stanza lined">93. For which he wex a litel reed for shame,</p> <p>Whan he the peple up-on him herde cryen,</p> <p>That to biholde it was a noble game,</p> - <p>How sobreliche he caste doun his yën.</p> + <p>How sobreliche he caste doun his yën.</p> <p>Cryseyda gan al his chere aspyen,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">650</div> @@ -16498,7 +16460,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">745</div> </div> - <p class="lined">Al wolde I that noon wistë of this thought,</p> + <p class="lined">Al wolde I that noon wistë of this thought,</p> <p>I am oon the <a href="#TIINL746" id="TIIL746">fayreste</a>, out of drede,</p> <p>And goodlieste, who-so taketh hede;</p> <p>And so men seyn in al the toun of Troye.</p> @@ -16689,7 +16651,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net knowe;</p> <p>They speken, but they bente never <a href="#TIINL861" id="TIIL861">his bowe</a>.</p> <p class="stanza">124. What is the sonne wers, of kinde righte,</p> - <p>Though that a man, for feblesse of his yën,</p> + <p>Though that a man, for feblesse of his yën,</p> <p>May nought endure on it to see for brighte?</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">865</div> @@ -16754,7 +16716,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>And ay gan love hir lasse for to agaste</p> <p>Than it dide erst, and sinken in hir herte,</p> <p>That she wex somwhat able to converte.</p> - <p class="stanza">130. The dayes honour, and the hevenes yë,</p> + <p class="stanza">130. The dayes honour, and the hevenes yë,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">905</div> </div> @@ -16939,7 +16901,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="lined">At som windowe, in-to the strete lokinge.</p> <p class="stanza">146. And if thee list, than maystow us saluwe,</p> - <p><a href="#TIINL1017" id="TIIL1017">And up-on me</a> makë thy contenaunce;</p> + <p><a href="#TIINL1017" id="TIIL1017">And up-on me</a> makë thy contenaunce;</p> <p>But, by thy lyf, be war and faste eschuwe</p> <p>To tarien ought, god shilde us fro mischaunce!</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -17603,7 +17565,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>To been our freend, with-oute more speche.'</p> <p class="stanza">204. Deiphebus him answerde, 'O, is not this,</p> <p>That thow spekest of to me thus straungely,</p> - <p>Crisëyda, my freend?' He seyde, 'Yis.'</p> + <p>Crisëyda, my freend?' He seyde, 'Yis.'</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">1425</div> </div> @@ -17676,7 +17638,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>I noot whether ye the more thank me conne.</p> <p>Be ye nought war how that fals Poliphete</p> <p>Is now aboute eft-sones for to plete,</p> - <p>And bringe on yow advocacyës newe?'</p> + <p>And bringe on yow advocacyës newe?'</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">1470</div> </div> @@ -17894,7 +17856,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="lined">But Pandarus brak al this speche anoon,</p> <p>And seyde to Deiphebus, 'wole ye goon,</p> - <p>If yourë wille be, as I yow preyde,</p> + <p>If yourë wille be, as I yow preyde,</p> <p>To speke here of the nedes of Criseyde?'</p> <p class="stanza">230. Eleyne, which that by the hond hir held,</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -17918,7 +17880,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="lined">He rong hem out a proces lyk a belle,</p> <p>Up-on hir fo, that highte Poliphete,</p> - <p>So hëynous, that men mighte on it spete.</p> + <p>So hëynous, that men mighte on it spete.</p> <p class="stanza">232. Answerde of this ech worse of hem than other,</p> <p>And Poliphete they gonnen thus to warien,</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -17961,7 +17923,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>Out wente anoon to Eleyne and Deiphebus,</p> <p>And seyde hem, 'so there be no taryinge,</p> <p>Ne more pres, he wol wel that ye bringe</p> - <p>Crisëyda, my lady, that is here;</p> + <p>Crisëyda, my lady, that is here;</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">1645</div> </div> @@ -18162,7 +18124,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net thee. 49. H. Cp. folwen; Cl. folwe. 55. Cl. so it. 58. H2. shottis; Ed. shottes; Cl. H. shotes. 59. Cl. <i>om.</i> of loving. 61. fil] Cl. felt(!). 64. H. Proignee. 68. Cl. hym so neigh. // Cl. Cp. cheterynge; H. H2. chiteringe. 69. H2. Ed. Thereus (<i>for</i> Tereus); Cl. Cp. Tireux; H. - Tryeux. 73. his] Cl. þe. 75. Cl. tok weye soone. 79. Cl. vn-to. 80. Cl. in forth. 81. Cl. sette; + Tryeux. 73. his] Cl. þe. 75. Cl. tok weye soone. 79. Cl. vn-to. 80. Cl. in forth. 81. Cl. sette; Cp. H. sete; H2. sate. 84. <i>So all.</i> 86. Cl. Cp. H. faire book; <i>rest om.</i> faire. 90. H. Cm. goode; Cl. good. H. Cm. mote; Cl. mot. 94. Cl. <i>om.</i> that. 95. H. herknen; <i>rest</i> herken (herkyn). 97. Cp. H. o; Cm. Ed. or; Cl. <i>om.</i> H2. Is it of love, some @@ -18210,7 +18172,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net think'th, ber'th (Cl. thenketh; Cp. H. berth). // Cl. Cp. H. heighe; Ed. Cm. hye. 403. Cl. ben growen; Cp. H. be growe; Ed. growe; Cm. hem waxen; H2. be wox. // <i>All</i> eye (eighe, ey, eyen). 405. H. H2. whiche; Cl. Cm. which; Cp. Ed. which that. 406. Cm. H2. <i>om.</i> Nece. // Cm. - I bidde with (!); H2. I kepe than wisshe; (<i>read</i> Nec' I bidd' wisshë). 411. Cl. Cp. Ed. + I bidde with (!); H2. I kepe than wisshe; (<i>read</i> Nec' I bidd' wisshë). 411. Cl. Cp. Ed. straunge; H. H2. straunge folk; Cm. straunge men. 413. Cp. H2. Ret; Ed. Rate; Cm. Redith; Cl. Bet (!); H. Let (!). 414. H. tristed. 421. this] Cl. that. 423. Cl. behest. 429. Cl. Ay; Cm. O; Ed. Ne; <i>rest</i> A. 435. H. dispitouse; Cm. dispituse; <i>rest</i> dispitous (despitous). 438. Cl. @@ -18240,7 +18202,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net H. Thus. Cp. Ed. baye; Cm. bayȝe; <i>rest</i> bay. 628. Cp. H. Cm. sighte; <i>rest</i> sight. 636. weldy] Cm. worthi. 642. Cl. thrilled. 643. Cp. cryde; Cl. cryede. 644. Cl. nexst. 648. <i>All</i> eyen, eighen. 650. Cl. Ed. it so softe. 651. Cl. seluen. 658. for] Cl. Ed. forth. - 659. Cl. casten. 662. Cl. <i>om.</i> his <i>bef.</i> shap. 666. <i>Read</i> envýous. 669. + 659. Cl. casten. 662. Cl. <i>om.</i> his <i>bef.</i> shap. 666. <i>Read</i> envýous. 669. <i>All</i> syght (<i>wrongly</i>). 670. thee] Cp. H. y-the. 677. H2. <i>ins.</i> hert (<i>error for</i> herte) <i>bef.</i> for. 681. Cl. seuenethe. 686. Cm. sonere; Ed. sooner; <i>rest</i> sonner. 694. Cl. she yn thought gan to. 696. Ed. don; H2. do; <i>rest</i> done. 697, 8. Cl. folde, @@ -18250,7 +18212,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net 720. Cp. Cm. aughte; <i>rest</i> ought, aught. 722. Cl. <i>om.</i> And. // Cl. Cm. long. 723. he] Cl. she (!). 724. Cl. Ne auaunter; Ed. No vauntour; Cp. H. Nauauntour. 725. vyce] Cl. nyse. 726. Cl. cherishe; <i>rest</i> cherice. 729. y-wis] Cl. wys. 733. H. Ed. alway. 734. wommen] Cl. a - woman. // Cl. H. Cp. al bysyde hire leue; Cm. þo<i>ur</i> al this town aboute; Ed. H2. al this + woman. // Cl. H. Cp. al bysyde hire leue; Cm. þo<i>ur</i> al this town aboute; Ed. H2. al this towne aboute. 735. <i>So</i> Cm. H2. Ed.; Cl. H. Cp. // And whanne hem leste no more lat hem byleue. 736. Cl. Ed. H2. <i>om.</i> for. 737. Cl. Cp. H. this ilke; <i>rest om.</i> ilke. // Cl. thryftiest (<i>also</i> worthiest <i>in</i> l. 739, <i>and</i> best <i>in</i> l. 740). 745. Cm. @@ -18277,7 +18239,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <i>rest</i> led. 884. <i>See</i> note. 894. Cl. Cp. H. moste; Cm. miste; Ed. mote; H2. must. // at] Cl. of. 896. H2. axe; Ed. aske; Cl. H. Cp. axen; Cm. axith. // Cl. ful (<i>for</i> foul). 903. Cp. Cm. wex; Cl. was; <i>rest</i> wax. 904. Cl. heighe; Cp. H. heye; <i>rest</i> eye; <i>read</i> - yë. 909. H. Cp. for tapere. 910. Cl. <i>om.</i> al. // in] Cm. H2. hom. 916. Cl. alle. 919. Under] + yë. 909. H. Cp. for tapere. 910. Cl. <i>om.</i> al. // in] Cm. H2. hom. 916. Cl. alle. 919. Under] Cl. Vp-on. 923. Cl. Cm. Ed. herkened; Cp. H. herkned. 924. Til] Cl. That. 934. H. scarmich; H2. Ed. scarmysshe. 936. yeden] Cm. ridyn. 937. Cl. sought. 938. Cp. H. Cm. laste; <i>rest</i> last. 939. Ed. came; <i>rest</i> come. 941. Cl. Cp. H2. slyng; H. sleynge (<i>for</i> slynge); Ed. @@ -18613,7 +18575,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="linenum35">130</div> </div> <p class="lined">Ye wolde som-tyme freendly on me see,</p> - <p>And thanne agreën that I may ben he,</p> + <p>And thanne agreën that I may ben he,</p> <p>With-oute braunche of vyce in any wyse,</p> <p>In trouthe alwey to doon yow my servyse</p> <p class="stanza">20. As to my lady right and chief resort,</p> @@ -18685,7 +18647,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="linenum35">175</div> </div> <p class="lined">Cherycen yow right after ye deserve.</p> - <p class="stanza">26. And shortly, derë herte and al my knight,</p> + <p class="stanza">26. And shortly, derë herte and al my knight,</p> <p>Beth glad, and draweth yow to lustinesse,</p> <p>And I shal trewely, with al my might,</p> <p>Your bittre tornen al in-to swetnesse;</p> @@ -18695,7 +18657,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="lined">If I be she that may yow do gladnesse,</p> <p>For every wo ye shal recovere a blisse';</p> <p>And him in armes took, and gan him kisse.</p> - <p class="stanza">27. Fil Pandarus on knees, and up his yën</p> + <p class="stanza">27. Fil Pandarus on knees, and up his yën</p> <p>To hevene threw, and held his hondes hye,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">185</div> @@ -19118,7 +19080,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="lined">He lay, and thoughte how that he mighte serve</p> <p>His lady best, hir thank for to deserve.</p> - <p class="stanza">64. Nil I nought swerë, al-though he lay softe,</p> + <p class="stanza">64. Nil I nought swerë, al-though he lay softe,</p> <p>That in his thought he nas sumwhat disesed,</p> <p><span class="pagenum" id="page258">{258}</span>Ne that he tornede on his pilwes ofte,</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -19177,7 +19139,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>That al the world ne mighte it bet devyse.</p> <p class="stanza"><span class="pagenum" id="page259">{259}</span>69. For-why she fond him so discreet in al,</p> - <p>So secret, and of swich obëisaunce,</p> + <p>So secret, and of swich obëisaunce,</p> <p>That wel she felte he was to hir a wal</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">480</div> @@ -19500,7 +19462,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIINL671" id="TIIIL671">The wyn anon</a>, and whan so that yow leste,</p> <p>So go we slepe, I trowe it be the beste.'</p> <p class="stanza">97. Ther nis no more, but here-after sone,</p> - <p>The <a href="#TIIINL674" id="TIIIL674">voydè</a> dronke, and travers drawe anon,</p> + <p>The <a href="#TIIINL674" id="TIIIL674">voydè</a> dronke, and travers drawe anon,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">675</div> </div> @@ -19595,7 +19557,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>Under the bark, and laurer wex for drede,</p> <p>Yet for hir love, O help now at this nede!</p> <p class="stanza">105. <a href="#TIIINL729" id="TIIIL729">Mercurie</a>, for the love of <a - href="#TIIINL729">Hiersè</a> eke,</p> + href="#TIIINL729">Hiersè</a> eke,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">730</div> </div> @@ -19603,7 +19565,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>Now help, and eek Diane, I thee biseke,</p> <p><span class="pagenum" id="page267">{267}</span>That this viage be not to thee looth.</p> <p>O <a href="#TIIINL733" id="TIIIL733">fatal sustren</a>, which, er any clooth</p> - <p>Me shapen was, my destenè me sponne,</p> + <p>Me shapen was, my destenè me sponne,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">735</div> </div> @@ -19691,7 +19653,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="stanza lined">113. Now stant it thus, that sith I fro yow wente,</p> <p>This Troilus, right platly for to seyn,</p> - <p>Is thurgh a goter, by a privè wente,</p> + <p>Is thurgh a goter, by a privè wente,</p> <p>In-to my chaumbre come in al this reyn,</p> <p>Unwist of every maner wight, certeyn,</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -19913,7 +19875,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="linenum35">920</div> </div> <p class="lined">And Troilus hir knight to hir so dere,</p> - <p>His privè coming, and the siker place,</p> + <p>His privè coming, and the siker place,</p> <p>That, though that she dide him as thanne a grace,</p> <p>Considered alle thinges as they stode,</p> <p>No wonder is, sin she dide al for gode.</p> @@ -19994,7 +19956,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">970</div> </div> - <p class="lined">Of duëtee, as for his observaunce;</p> + <p class="lined">Of duëtee, as for his observaunce;</p> <p>But wel finde I she dide him this plesaunce,</p> <p>That she him kiste, al-though she syked sore;</p> <p>And bad him sitte a-doun with-outen more.</p> @@ -20163,7 +20125,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="lined">For every teer which that Criseyde asterte,</p> <p>The crampe of deeth, to streyne him by the herte.</p> <p class="stanza">154. And in his minde he gan the tyme acurse</p> - <p>That he cam therë, and that he was born;</p> + <p>That he cam therë, and that he was born;</p> <p>For now is wikke y-turned in-to worse,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">1075</div> @@ -20268,7 +20230,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="stanza lined">163. Quod Pandarus, 'for ought I can espyen,</p> <p>This light nor I ne serven here of nought;</p> - <p>Light is not good for syke folkes yën.</p> + <p>Light is not good for syke folkes yën.</p> <p>But for the love of god, sin ye be brought</p> <p>In thus good plyt, lat now non hevy thought</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -20468,7 +20430,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="lined">Thy moder eek, Citherea the swete,</p> <p>After thy-self next heried be she,</p> <p>Venus mene I, the <a href="#TIIINL1257" id="TIIIL1257">wel-willy</a> planete;</p> - <p>And next that, <a href="#TIIINL1258" id="TIIIL1258">Imenëus</a>, I thee grete;</p> + <p>And next that, <a href="#TIIINL1258" id="TIIIL1258">Imenëus</a>, I thee grete;</p> <p>For never man was to yow goddes holde</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">1260</div> @@ -20788,7 +20750,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="stanza lined">208. 'O cruel day, accusour of the Ioye</p> <p>That night and love han stole and faste y-wryen,</p> <p>A-cursed be thy coming in-to Troye,</p> - <p>For every <a href="#TIIINL1453" id="TIIIL1453">bore</a> hath oon of thy bright yën!</p> + <p>For every <a href="#TIIINL1453" id="TIIIL1453">bore</a> hath oon of thy bright yën!</p> <p>Envyous day, what list thee so to spyen?</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">1455</div> @@ -21016,7 +20978,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="stanza lined">228. This Troilus, with al the affeccioun</p> <p>Of frendes love that herte may devyse,</p> - <p>To Pandarus on kneës fil adoun,</p> + <p>To Pandarus on kneës fil adoun,</p> <p>And er that he wolde of the place aryse,</p> <p>He gan him thonken in his beste wyse;</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -21852,7 +21814,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>The toun of Troye shal ben set on-fyre.'</p> <p class="stanza">19. Telling his tale alwey, this olde greye,</p> <p>Humble in speche, and in his lokinge eke,</p> - <p>The salte teres from his eyën tweye</p> + <p>The salte teres from his eyën tweye</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">130</div> </div> @@ -21957,7 +21919,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="stanza lined">28. That is so wys, and eek so bold baroun,</p> <p>And we han nede of folk, as men may see;</p> <p>He is eek oon, the grettest of this toun;</p> - <p>O Ector, lat tho fantasyës be!</p> + <p>O Ector, lat tho fantasyës be!</p> <p>O king Pryam,' quod they, 'thus seggen we,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">195</div> @@ -22293,7 +22255,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net had,</p> <p>So that, by right, it oughte y-now suffyse?</p> <p>But I, that never felte in my servyse</p> - <p>A frendly chere or loking of an yë,</p> + <p>A frendly chere or loking of an yë,</p> <p>Lat me thus wepe and wayle, til I dye.</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35 stanza">400</div> @@ -23504,7 +23466,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="stanza lined">163. Tho woful teres that they leten falle</p> <p>As bittre weren, <a href="#TIVNL1136" id="TIVL1136">out of teres kinde</a>,</p> - <p>For peyne, as is ligne aloës or galle.</p> + <p>For peyne, as is ligne aloës or galle.</p> <p>So bittre teres weep nought, as I finde,</p> <p>The woful <a href="#TIVNL1139" id="TIVL1139">Myrra</a> through the bark and rinde.</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -23678,7 +23640,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>My-selve I wolde have <a href="#TIVNL1241" id="TIVL1241">slayn</a>!'—quod she tho;</p> <p>'But <a href="#TIVNL1242" id="TIVL1242">ho</a>, for we han right y-now of this,</p> <p>And late us ryse and streight to bedde go;</p> - <p>And <a href="#TIVNL1244" id="TIVL1244">therë</a> lat vs speken of our wo.</p> + <p>And <a href="#TIVNL1244" id="TIVL1244">therë</a> lat vs speken of our wo.</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">1245</div> </div> @@ -24032,7 +23994,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIVNL1456" id="TIVL1456">"Men may the wyse at-renne, and not at-rede."</a></p> <p class="stanza">209. It is ful hard to halten unespyed</p> <p>Bifore a crepul, for he can the craft;</p> - <p>Your fader is in sleighte <a href="#TIVNL1459" id="TIVL1459">as Argus yëd</a>;</p> + <p>Your fader is in sleighte <a href="#TIVNL1459" id="TIVL1459">as Argus yëd</a>;</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">1460</div> </div> @@ -24360,7 +24322,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="linenum35">1655</div> </div> <p class="lined">Me glade, as wis I never un-to Criseyde,</p> - <p>Sin thilke day I saw hir first with yë,</p> + <p>Sin thilke day I saw hir first with yë,</p> <p>Was fals, ne never shal til that I dye.</p> <p>At shorte wordes, wel ye may me leve;</p> <p>I can no more, it shal be founde at preve.'</p> @@ -24639,7 +24601,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net crepel; <i>rest</i> crepil. // Cl. can on; <i>rest om.</i> on. 1459. MSS. eyed. 1463. Cl. H. alle; Cm. Cp. Ed. al. 1468. Cl. a-yen; H. Cp. ayein. 1470. on] Cl. to. 1473. preyse] Cl. prese. 1476. of] Cm. Ed. on; H. of on (!). // Cl. H2. he; <i>rest</i> ye. 1483. And] Cl. Al. 1490. Cm. Troilus; - Cl. Cp. H. Ed. Troians (<i>but read</i> Troián-es). 1492. Cl. thenke; <i>rest</i> thinke. 1494. + Cl. Cp. H. Ed. Troians (<i>but read</i> Troián-es). 1492. Cl. thenke; <i>rest</i> thinke. 1494. Cp. H. dredeles; Cl. Cm. dredles. 1498. Cl. am; Cp. H. Ed. H2. nam. 1501. reweth] Cl. rewes. 1503. Cp. H. bi-twixe; Cl. by-twext. 1505. his] Cl. is. 1507. Cp. H. to-gidere; Cl. to-gedre. 1508. wit] Cl. nede. 1509. Cp. sholden; H. sholdon; Cm. schuldyn; Cl. sholde. 1515. Cl. Y-nowh. // Cl. @@ -24662,7 +24624,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net 1655. Cm. Ed. glade; H2. gladde; Cl. H. glad. 1656. H2. yhe; <i>rest</i> eye. 1658. Cm. schorte; Cp. Ed. shorte; <i>rest</i> short. 1660. Cp. H. Cm. goode; Cl. good. 1664. Cl. <i>om.</i> god. 1667-1701. Cm. <i>omits</i>. 1669. H. tournay; H2. tourney. 1670. Cl. aray. 1677. and] Cl. an. // - Cl. pepelyssh; H. Cp. H2. poeplissh. 1682. <i>Read</i> fortun-è. 1689. Cp. H2. streite; H. + Cl. pepelyssh; H. Cp. H2. poeplissh. 1682. <i>Read</i> fortun-è. 1689. Cp. H2. streite; H. streyte; Cl. streyght. 1691. Cl. Cp. rowfullych; H. rewfulliche; H2. pitously. 1693. hir] Cl. his. 1696. Ed. H2. Ne entendement; Cl. Cp. Nentendement. 1697. The] Cl. This. // H. cruel; Cp. cruele; Cl. cruwel. 1699. Cl. <i>om.</i> whan. </p> @@ -24686,7 +24648,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>Til <a href="#TVNL7" id="TVL7">Lachesis</a> his threed no lenger twyne.—</p> <p class="stanza">2. The <a href="#TVNL8" id="TVL8">golden-tressed</a>. Phebus heighe on-lofte</p> - <p>Thryës hadde alle with his bemes shene</p> + <p>Thryës hadde alle with his bemes shene</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">10</div> </div> @@ -24834,7 +24796,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="lined">If that I may, for somwhat shal I seye.</p> <p>For at the worste it may yet shorte our weye.</p> - <p>I have herd seyd, eek tymes twyës twelve,</p> + <p>I have herd seyd, eek tymes twyës twelve,</p> <p>"He is a fool <a href="#TVNL98" id="TVL98">that wol for-yete him-selve</a>."'</p> <p class="stanza">15. But natheles this thoughte he wel ynough,</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -24992,7 +24954,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>And tweynty tyme he kiste his doughter swete,</p> <p>And seyde, 'O dere doughter myn, wel-come!'</p> <p>She seyde eek, she was fayn with him to mete,</p> - <p>And stood forth <a href="#TVNL194" id="TVL194">mewet, mildë</a>, and mansuete.</p> + <p>And stood forth <a href="#TVNL194" id="TVL194">mewet, mildë</a>, and mansuete.</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">195</div> </div> @@ -25323,7 +25285,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="lined">And eek of tyme cominge us reioye,</p> <p>That bringen shal our blisse now so blyve;</p> - <p>And langour of these twyës dayes fyve</p> + <p>And langour of these twyës dayes fyve</p> <p>We shal ther-with so foryete or oppresse,</p> <p>That wel unnethe it doon shal us duresse.</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -25406,13 +25368,13 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="lined">That tonge telle or herte may recorde,</p> <p>That at that feste it nas wel herd acorde;</p> <p>Ne of ladies eek so fayr a companye</p> - <p>On daunce, er tho, was never y-seyn with yë.</p> + <p>On daunce, er tho, was never y-seyn with yë.</p> <p class="stanza">65. But what avayleth this to Troilus,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">450</div> </div> <p class="lined">That for his sorwe no-thing of it roughte?</p> - <p>For ever in oon his herte <a href="#TVNL451" id="TVL451">piëtous</a></p> + <p>For ever in oon his herte <a href="#TVNL451" id="TVL451">piëtous</a></p> <p>Ful bisily Criseyde his lady soughte.</p> <p>On hir was ever al that his herte thoughte.</p> <p>Now this, now that, so faste imagininge,</p> @@ -25456,7 +25418,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="lined">That passed was, and thus he droof to an ende</p> <p>The ferthe day, and seyde, he wolde wende.</p> <p class="stanza">69. And seyde, 'leve brother Pandarus,</p> - <p>Intendestow that we shul <a href="#TVNL478" id="TVL478">herë</a> bleve</p> + <p>Intendestow that we shul <a href="#TVNL478" id="TVL478">herë</a> bleve</p> <p>Til Sarpedoun wol forth <a href="#TVNL479" id="TVL479">congeyen us</a>?</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">480</div> @@ -25520,7 +25482,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="linenum35">515</div> </div> <p class="lined">And in-to tyme that it gan to nighte,</p> - <p>They spaken of Crisëyde the brighte.</p> + <p>They spaken of Crisëyde the brighte.</p> <p>And after this, whan that hem bothe leste,</p> <p>They spedde hem fro the soper un-to reste.</p> <p class="stanza">75. On morwe, as sone as day bigan to clere,</p> @@ -25579,7 +25541,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>Yet, sin I may no bet, fayn wolde I <a href="#TVNL552" id="TVL552">kisse</a></p> <p>Thy colde dores, dorste I for this route;</p> <p>And fare-wel shryne, of which the seynt is oute!'</p> - <p class="stanza">80. Ther-with he caste on Pandarus his yë</p> + <p class="stanza">80. Ther-with he caste on Pandarus his yë</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">555</div> </div> @@ -26006,7 +25968,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="lined">But for to speken of hir eyen clere,</p> <p>Lo, trewely, they writen that hir syen,</p> - <p>That Paradys stood formed in hir yën.</p> + <p>That Paradys stood formed in hir yën.</p> <p>And with hir riche beautee ever-more</p> <p>Strof love in hir, ay which of hem was more.</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -26124,7 +26086,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>For al the gold bitwixen sonne and see.</p> <p>Trusteth wel, and understondeth me,</p> <p>Ther shal not oon to mercy goon on-lyve,</p> - <p>Al were he lord of worldes twyës fyve!</p> + <p>Al were he lord of worldes twyës fyve!</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35 stanza">890</div> </div> @@ -26146,7 +26108,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="linenum35">900</div> </div> <p class="lined">Ye shul wel knowen that I nought ne lye,</p> - <p>And al this thing right seen it with your yë,</p> + <p>And al this thing right seen it with your yë,</p> <p>And that anoon; ye nil not trowe how sone;</p> <p>Now taketh heed, for it is for to done.</p> <p class="stanza"><span class="pagenum" id="page386">{386}</span>130. What wene ye your wyse @@ -26735,7 +26697,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>What wratthe of iuste cause have ye to me?</p> <p>What gilt of me, whal fel experience</p> <p>Hath fro me raft, allas! thyn advertence?</p> - <p>O trust, O feyth, O depe asëuraunce,</p> + <p>O trust, O feyth, O depe asëuraunce,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">1260</div> </div> @@ -27129,7 +27091,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35 stanza">1485</div> </div> - <p class="stanza lined"><a href="#TVNL1485" id="TVL1485">213</a>. She toldë eek how Tydeus, er + <p class="stanza lined"><a href="#TVNL1485" id="TVL1485">213</a>. She toldë eek how Tydeus, er she stente,</p> <p>Un-to the stronge citee of Thebes,</p> <p>To cleyme kingdom of the citee, wente,</p> @@ -27161,7 +27123,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>How Tydeus was slayn, lord of Argeyes,</p> <p>And how Ypomedoun in litel stounde</p> <p>Was dreynt, and deed Parthonope of wounde;</p> - <p>And also how Cappanëus the proude</p> + <p>And also how Cappanëus the proude</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">1505</div> </div> @@ -27321,7 +27283,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="lined">Sin ye with me, nor I with yow may dele,</p> <p>Yow neither sende ich herte may nor hele.</p> <p class="stanza">229. Your lettres ful, the papir al y-pleynted,</p> - <p>Conseyved hath myn hertes piëtee;</p> + <p>Conseyved hath myn hertes piëtee;</p> <p>I have eek seyn with teres al depeynted</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">1600</div> @@ -27616,7 +27578,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="lined">That for that gilt she be not wrooth with me.</p> <p>Ye may hir gilt in othere bokes see;</p> <p>And gladlier I wol wryten, if yow leste,</p> - <p><a href="#TVNL1778" id="TVL1778">Penelopeës</a> trouthe and good <a + <p><a href="#TVNL1778" id="TVL1778">Penelopeës</a> trouthe and good <a href="#TVNL1778">Alceste</a>.</p> <p class="stanza">255. Ne I sey not this al-only for these men,</p> <div class="rel"> @@ -27817,7 +27779,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net 353. Cp. H. nought (<i>for</i> not). // Ed. H2. to abyde. // Cm. is not so longe to on-byde. 354. Cp. H. Ed. comen; <i>rest</i> come. 355. Cl. nyl not; <i>rest om.</i> not. 356. Cm. dred; <i>rest</i> drede. 357. Cp. H. ayein; Cl. Cm. a-yen. 360. Cl. Cm. proceden. 362. <i>Read</i> all' - swev'nés. 368. Cl. Cp. H. Ed. infernals; <i>rest</i> infernal. 369. Cl. seynt (!). 378. Cl. lef; + swev'nés. 368. Cl. Cp. H. Ed. infernals; <i>rest</i> infernal. 369. Cl. seynt (!). 378. Cl. lef; <i>rest</i> leue. 380. Cl. foweles; H. fowelis. 382. Cl. owlys. 383. Cl. foule; Cp. H. Cm. foul. 385. Cl. shad (!). 387, 389, 390. H. Cp. foryiue, dryue, lyue; Cl. foryeue, dreue, leue. 398. Cl. foyete; Cp. H. foryete. // Ed. or; <i>rest</i> oure. 403. Cl. hens; Cp. H. hennes. 409. Ed. rouken @@ -27845,8 +27807,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net ye; H2. yee; <i>rest</i> eye. 561. Cl. Cm. H2. thens; Cp. thennes; H. tennes(!). 565. Cl. yende; <i>rest</i> yonder; <i>see</i> 573. 567. Cm. caughte, righte; <i>rest</i> kaught, right. 568, 569, 571. Cl. yender; <i>see</i> 575. 579. Cl. thenketh; <i>rest</i> thinketh. 583. Cm. myn; H2. my; - <i>rest om.</i> (<i>read</i> memórie). 584. Cl. waryed; Cp. wereyed; H2. weryhed; <i>rest</i> - weryed (<i>read</i> werreyed = werréy'd). 593. Cl. leue; Cm. lyf; <i>rest</i> lyue. // Cl. + <i>rest om.</i> (<i>read</i> memórie). 584. Cl. waryed; Cp. wereyed; H2. weryhed; <i>rest</i> + weryed (<i>read</i> werreyed = werréy'd). 593. Cl. leue; Cm. lyf; <i>rest</i> lyue. // Cl. <i>om.</i> in. 594. Ed. ne aske; Cl. Cp. H. naxe; <i>rest</i> ne axe. 599. Cl. lorde; cruwel. 605. Cp. H. Ed. wente; <i>rest</i> went. 607. Cl. hens; Cp. H. hennes. 609. Cl. in; Ed. to; <i>rest</i> in-to. 610. Cp. hille; H. hill<i>e</i>; Cl. hill; Cm. hil. 614. Cp. H. hider; Cl. heder. 616. H. @@ -27931,7 +27893,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net 1197. Cl. ony. 1198. Cl. is fledde; <i>rest om.</i> is. 1201. Cl. Cm. hise. 1203. Cl. Cp. nyst; H. Cm. nyste. // Cl. myght; Cp. H. myghte. 1204. Cl. byhyght; Cp. H. bihighte. 1205. Cl. H2. fifthe; <i>rest</i> fifte. // Cp. H. Cm. H2. sexte. 1206. of] Cm. the; Cl. <i>om.</i> 1209. hir] Cl. he. - 1211. Cl. <i>om.</i> for to. 1213. Cl. þe wode; <i>rest om.</i> the. 1215. Cl. H. wold. 1217. Cl. + 1211. Cl. <i>om.</i> for to. 1213. Cl. þe wode; <i>rest om.</i> the. 1215. Cl. H. wold. 1217. Cl. compaignye. 1219. Ed. defayte. 1223. Cl. Iire. // Cp. <i>omits</i> 1233-74. 1224. Cp. H. H2. axed; Ed. asked; Cm. axe; Cl. asketh. 1235. Cl. welk; H. welke; <i>rest</i> walked. 1239. Cm. slep; <i>rest</i> slepte. 1248. Cl. ony. 1249. Cl. ellis. 1250. Cl. thorugh. 1256. Cl. Iust; H. Cm. Ed. @@ -28000,7 +27962,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Cl. H. wist. 1725. Cl. a-yen; answerede. 1728. Ed. H2. astonyed. 1730. Cl. last. 1731. Cl. dere brother. 1735. un-to] Cl. to. 1736, 7. Cl. dede. 1740. Cl. dredles. 1745. hir] Cl. his. 1751. Cl. cruwel. 1755. Cl. H2. dredles. 1756. Cl. cruwely. 1760. Cp. H. Ed. weren; Cl. were. 1761. Cl. - cruwel. 1765. Cl. wryten. 1767. Cl. wold; hise; battayles (<i>read</i> batail-lès). 1769. H2. that + cruwel. 1765. Cl. wryten. 1767. Cl. wold; hise; battayles (<i>read</i> batail-lès). 1769. H2. that (<i>for</i> as); <i>rest</i> seyd as I can; <i>read</i> as that. 1770. Cl. Hese. 1771. Cl. H. Red; <i>rest</i> Rede. 1774. Ed. Al be it that. 1777. <i>All</i> write. 1778. Cl. goode. 1779. Cp. H. Ny (<i>for</i> Ne I). 1780. Ed. betrayed. 1783. Ed. Betrayen. 1787. Cl. makere. 1788. Ed. make; @@ -28092,12 +28054,12 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net intuitum.'</p> <p><a href="#BIPIL14" id="BIPINL14">14</a>. <i>delye</i> (so in both MSS.) = <i>deli-ē</i>, - O. F. <i>deliè</i> (see Cotgrave), delicate, thin, slender, from Lat. <i>delicatus</i>, with the + O. F. <i>deliè</i> (see Cotgrave), delicate, thin, slender, from Lat. <i>delicatus</i>, with the usual loss of <i>c</i> between two vowels and before the accented syllable; Lat. 'tenuissimis filis.'</p> <p>After <i>crafte</i> it would have been better to insert <i>and</i>; Lat. - 'indissolubili<i>que</i> materiâ.' But some MSS., including C., omit <i>que</i>.</p> + 'indissolubili<i>que</i> materiâ.' But some MSS., including C., omit <i>que</i>.</p> <p><a href="#BIPIL18" id="BIPINL18">18</a>. <i>as it is wont</i>: 'ueluti fumosas imagines solet.'</p> @@ -28106,7 +28068,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net class="fsn">Π</span>. <i>a Grekissh T</i>; i.e. <span title="TH" class="fsn">Θ</span>, not <span title="T" class="fsn">Τ</span>; the Greek <span title="th" class="fsn">θ</span> being pronounced as <i>t</i> in Latin. The reference is to <span - title="philosophia praktikê kai theôrêtikê" class="fsn">φιλοσοφία + title="philosophia praktikê kai theôrêtikê" class="fsn">φιλοσοφία πρακτικὴ καὶ θεωρητική</span>; in Latin, Philosophia Actiua et Contemplatiua; i. e. Practical (or Active) and Theoretical (or Contemplative) Philosophy. @@ -28192,7 +28154,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net in rugam ueste.'</p> <p><b>Metre 3.</b> <a href="#BIMIIIL1" id="BIMIIINL1">1</a>. <i>discussed</i>, driven away; - 'discussâ ... nocte.'</p> + 'discussâ ... nocte.'</p> <p><a href="#BIMIIIL4" id="BIMIIINL4">4</a>. <i>clustred</i>; 'glomerantur'; or 'covered with clouds,' as Chaucer says.</p> @@ -28267,7 +28229,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><i>sarpulers</i>, sacks made of coarse canvas; in Caxton, <i>sarpleris</i>; 'sarcinulas.' Cotgrave has: '<i>Serpillere</i>, a Sarpler, or Sarp-cloth, a piece of course canvas to pack up - things in.' Cf. mod. F. <i>serpillière</i>.</p> + things in.' Cf. mod. F. <i>serpillière</i>.</p> <p><a href="#BIPIIIL56" id="BIPIIINL56">56</a>. <i>palis</i>, also spelt <i>paleis</i> (O. F. <i>palis</i>), lit. a palisading, or a piece of strong paling, a rampart, used to translate Lat. @@ -28298,7 +28260,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net class="fsn">ὄνος πρὸς λύραν</span>?' And MS. C. has: 'Esne asinus ad liram?' In an edition of Boethius by Renatus Vallinus, printed in 1656, I find the following note: 'Ut et omnes veteres - scripsere, Varro in satyra quæ Testamentum inscribitur apud Agellium, lib. iii. cap. xvi: + scripsere, Varro in satyra quæ Testamentum inscribitur apud Agellium, lib. iii. cap. xvi: <i>Ii</i> liberi, <i>si erunt</i> <span title="onoi luras" class="fsn">ὄνοι λύρας</span>, <i>exheredes sunto</i>. Suidas ex Menandro, Lucianus, Martian. Capella, lib. viii., atque alii quos refert Erasmus, in eo adagio. Imo et apud Varronem @@ -28307,7 +28269,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIPIVL3" id="BIPIVNL3">3</a>. <i>why spillestow teres</i>, why do you waste tears; 'Quid lacrimis manas?' After these words occur, in the original, four Greek words which Chaucer - does not translate, viz.: <span title="Exauda, mê keuthe noô" + does not translate, viz.: <span title="Exauda, mê keuthe noô" class="fsn">Ἐξαύδα, μὴ κεῦθε νόῳ</span>: i. e. speak out, do not hide them in your mind; quoted from Homer, Iliad i. 363.</p> @@ -28323,7 +28285,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIPIVL17" id="BIPIVNL17">17</a>. <i>ordre of hevene</i>; 'ad caelestis ordinis exemplar.' This refers to the words of Plato just at the end of the 9th book of The Republic: - <span title="en ouranô isôs paradeigma anakeitai." class="fsn">ἐν + <span title="en ouranô isôs paradeigma anakeitai." class="fsn">ἐν ὀυρανῷ ἴσως παράδειγμα ἀνάκειται.</span> Cf. also the last lines of @@ -28334,16 +28296,16 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <i>enformedest</i> above, in l. 15.</p> <p><a href="#BIPIVL19" id="BIPIVNL19">19</a>. <i>mouth of Plato</i>; referring to Book V (473 D) - of the Republic: <span title="ean mê, ê hoi philosophoi basileusôsin - en tais polesin, ê hoi basilês te nyn - legomenoi ki dynastai philosophêsôsi - gnêsiôs te kai hikanôs, kai touto eis - tauton xympesê, dynamis te politikê kai - philosophia; tôn de nyn poreuomenôn - chôris eph' hekateron hai pollai physeis - ex anankês apokleisthôsin, ouk esti - kakôn paula ... tais polesi; dokô de, - oude tô anthrôpinô genei." class="fsn">ἐὰν μὴ, ἢ ὁι + of the Republic: <span title="ean mê, ê hoi philosophoi basileusôsin + en tais polesin, ê hoi basilês te nyn + legomenoi ki dynastai philosophêsôsi + gnêsiôs te kai hikanôs, kai touto eis + tauton xympesê, dynamis te politikê kai + philosophia; tôn de nyn poreuomenôn + chôris eph' hekateron hai pollai physeis + ex anankês apokleisthôsin, ouk esti + kakôn paula ... tais polesi; dokô de, + oude tô anthrôpinô genei." class="fsn">ἐὰν μὴ, ἢ ὁι φιλόσοφοι βασιλεύσωσιν ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν, ἠ @@ -28405,7 +28367,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIPIVL59" id="BIPIVNL59">59</a>. <i>inplitable</i>, intricate: 'inexplicabilis.' <i>coempcioun</i>, an imposition so called; see Chaucer's explanation below, in l. 64. In Greek, - <span title="synônê" class="fsn">συνωνή</span>.</p> + <span title="synônê" class="fsn">συνωνή</span>.</p> <p><a href="#BIPIVL61" id="BIPIVNL61">61</a>. <i>Campaigne</i>, Campania, in Italy, <i>provost</i>; 'praefectum praetorii.'</p> @@ -28468,8 +28430,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIPIVL113" id="BIPIVNL113">113</a>. <i>by me</i>, with regard to me; 'de me.'</p> <p><a href="#BIPIVL117" id="BIPIVNL117">117</a>. <i>Socrates</i>; in Plato's Republic, Book VI: - <span title="tên apseudeian ... misein, tên d' - alêtheian stergein" class="fsn">τὴν ἀψεύδειαν + <span title="tên apseudeian ... misein, tên d' + alêtheian stergein" class="fsn">τὴν ἀψεύδειαν ... μισεῖν, τὴν δ' ἀλήθειαν στέργειν</span> (485 C).</p> @@ -28482,7 +28444,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net xiv.'—Gibbon. He has already been mentioned above, Prose iii. l. 40.</p> <p><a href="#BIPIVL132" id="BIPIVNL132">132</a>. <i>Germeynes sone</i>, the son of Germanicus. - This Gaius Cæsar is better known as Caligula, the emperor who succeeded Tiberius.</p> + This Gaius Cæsar is better known as Caligula, the emperor who succeeded Tiberius.</p> <p><a href="#BIPIVL143" id="BIPIVNL143">143</a>. <i>famileres</i>, friends, i.e. disciples, viz. Epicurus, in the De Ira Divina, cap. xiii (Stewart).</p> @@ -28513,7 +28475,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net l. 196.</p> <p><a href="#BIPIVL186" id="BIPIVNL186">186</a>. <i>Pictagoras</i>, Pythagoras. The saying here - attributed to him is given in the original in Greek—<span title="hepou theô" + attributed to him is given in the original in Greek—<span title="hepou theô" class="fsn">ἕπου θεῷ</span>. Some MSS. add the gloss, <i>i. deo non diis seruiendum</i>. MS. C. has: <i>deo et non diis sacrificandum</i>.</p> @@ -28577,7 +28539,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net nights.</p> <p><a href="#BIMVL19" id="BIMVNL19">19</a>. <i>Arcturus</i>, <span title="a" - class="fsn">α</span> Boötis, in the sign Libra; conspicuous in the nights of spring.</p> + class="fsn">α</span> Boötis, in the sign Libra; conspicuous in the nights of spring.</p> <p><a href="#BIMVL20" id="BIMVNL20">20</a>. <i>Sirius</i>, <span title="a" class="fsn">α</span> Canis Maioris, or the Dog-star, in the sign of <span class="pagenum" @@ -28612,7 +28574,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Greek—<span title="heis koiranos estin, heis basileus" class="fsn">εἷς κοίρανος ἐστὶν, εἷς βασιλεύς</span>: - quoted from Homer, Iliad, ii. 204, with the change from <span title="estô" + quoted from Homer, Iliad, ii. 204, with the change from <span title="estô" class="fsn">ἔστω</span> to <span title="estin" class="fsn">ἐστίν</span>.</p> @@ -28647,11 +28609,11 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIMVIL4" id="BIMVINL4">4</a>. <i>lat him gon</i>, let him go and eat acorns.</p> - <p><a href="#BIMVIL6" id="BIMVINL6">6</a>. <i>whan the feld</i>: 'Cùm saeuis Aquilonibus Stridens + <p><a href="#BIMVIL6" id="BIMVINL6">6</a>. <i>whan the feld</i>: 'Cùm saeuis Aquilonibus Stridens campus inhorruit.' <i>Chirkinge</i>, hoarse, rustling; alluding to the rustling of frozen grass in a high wind.</p> - <p><a href="#BIMVIL15" id="BIMVINL15">15</a>. <i>And forthy</i>: 'Sic quod praecipiti uiâ Certum + <p><a href="#BIMVIL15" id="BIMVINL15">15</a>. <i>And forthy</i>: 'Sic quod praecipiti uiâ Certum deserit ordinem, Laetos non habet exitus.'</p> <p><b>Prose 6.</b> <a href="#BIPVIL10" id="BIPVINL10">10</a>. <i>by fortunous fortune</i>: @@ -28663,7 +28625,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIPVIL17" id="BIPVINL17">17</a>. <i>owh!</i> an exclamation of astonishment: Lat. 'papae.'</p> - <p><a href="#BIPVIL18" id="BIPVINL18">18</a>. <i>why that thou</i>: 'cur in tam salubri sententiâ + <p><a href="#BIPVIL18" id="BIPVINL18">18</a>. <i>why that thou</i>: 'cur in tam salubri sententiâ locatus aegrotes.'</p> <p><a href="#BIPVIL20" id="BIPVINL20">20</a>. <i>I not ... what</i>: 'nescio, quid abesse @@ -28795,19 +28757,19 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIIPIIL47" id="BIIPIINL47">47</a>. <i>Perciens</i>, Persians. But Chaucer is here wrong. The Lat. text has 'Persi regis,' i. e. king Perseus. Perseus, or Perses III, was the - last king of Macedonia, who was defeated by L. Æmilius Paulus in a decisive battle fought near - Pydna, in June, <span class="smaller">B.C.</span> 168. 'When brought before Æmilius [here, + last king of Macedonia, who was defeated by L. Æmilius Paulus in a decisive battle fought near + Pydna, in June, <span class="smaller">B.C.</span> 168. 'When brought before Æmilius [here, Paulus], he is said to have degraded himself by the most abject supplications; but he was treated with kindness by the Roman general;' Smith, Class. Dict. See Livy, xl. 57; xli. 53; xliv. 32; - &c.; Plutarch, Life of Æmilius.</p> + &c.; Plutarch, Life of Æmilius.</p> <p><a href="#BIIPIIL51" id="BIIPIINL51">51</a>. <i>Tragedie.</i> Cf. the definition in the Monk. Prol. B 3163; and note to Anelida, 320.</p> <p><a href="#BIIPIIL53" id="BIIPIINL53">53</a>. <i>in Greke.</i> These two words are not in the original, but the following quotation is given in Greek: <span - title="duo tous pithous, ton men hena kakôn, - ton de heteron kalôn" class="fsn">δύο τοὺς + title="duo tous pithous, ton men hena kakôn, + ton de heteron kalôn" class="fsn">δύο τοὺς πίθους, τὸν μὲν ἕνα κακῶν, τὸν δὲ ἕτερον καλῶν</span>. Some MSS. add: @@ -28818,8 +28780,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net oudei," class="fsn">δοιοὶ γάρ τε πίθοι κατακείαται ἐν Διὸς οὔδει,</span></p> - <p><span title="dôrôn, hoia didôsi, kakôn, heteros de - eaôn." class="fsn">δώρων, οἷα + <p><span title="dôrôn, hoia didôsi, kakôn, heteros de + eaôn." class="fsn">δώρων, οἷα δίδωσι, κακῶν, ἕτερος δὲ ἐάων.</span></p> @@ -28854,11 +28816,11 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net is <i>parents-in-law</i>. See Stewart's Essay, p. 24.</p> <p><a href="#BIIPIIIL23" id="BIIPIIINL23">23</a>. <i>leef</i>: 'delectusque in affinitatem - principum ciuitatis, quod pretiosissimum propinquitatis genus est, priùs carus, quam proximus esse + principum ciuitatis, quod pretiosissimum propinquitatis genus est, priùs carus, quam proximus esse coepisti.' Hence <i>the whiche thing</i> really refers back to <i>affinitee</i>, which is hardly obvious in the E. version.</p> - <p><a href="#BIIPIIIL40" id="BIIPIIINL40">40</a>. <i>whan thou</i>: 'cùm in Circo duorum medius + <p><a href="#BIIPIIIL40" id="BIIPIIINL40">40</a>. <i>whan thou</i>: 'cùm in Circo duorum medius consulum circumfusae multitudinis exspectationem triumphali largitione satiasti.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIPIIIL43" id="BIIPIIINL43">43</a>. <i>gave thou wordes</i>: 'Dedisti ... uerba @@ -28951,7 +28913,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net exhorreat.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIPIVL79" id="BIIPIVNL79">79</a>. <i>nothing [is] wrecched</i>. The insertion of - <i>is</i> completes the sense: 'adeo nihil <i>est</i> miserum, nisi cùm putes.' Observe '<i>nis a + <i>is</i> completes the sense: 'adeo nihil <i>est</i> miserum, nisi cùm putes.' Observe '<i>nis a wrecche</i>' in Chaucer's own gloss (l. 81); and see l. 25 of 'Fortune.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIPIVL83" id="BIIPIVNL83">83</a>. <i>by the agreabletee</i>, by means of the @@ -29056,8 +29018,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIIPVL125" id="BIIPVNL125">125</a>. <i>weneth.</i> The texts have <i>and weneth</i>; but I suppress <i>and</i> to <span class="pagenum" id="page432">{432}</span>make sense, and to - make the translation agree with the Latin. 'Atqui diuitiae possidentibus persaepè nocuerunt, cùm - pessimus quisque, eóque alieni magis auidus, quidquid usquam auri gemmarumque est, se solum qui + make the translation agree with the Latin. 'Atqui diuitiae possidentibus persaepè nocuerunt, cùm + pessimus quisque, eóque alieni magis auidus, quidquid usquam auri gemmarumque est, se solum qui habeat dignissimum putat.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIPVL128" id="BIIPVNL128">128</a>. <i>way-feringe</i>; MS. A, <i>way-faryng</i>. @@ -29085,7 +29047,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="poem"> <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'Et de l'iaue simple bevoient</p> - <p>Sans querre <i>piment</i> ne <i>claré</i>.'</p> + <p>Sans querre <i>piment</i> ne <i>claré</i>.'</p> </div> <p><a href="#BIIMVL7" id="BIIMVNL7">7</a>. <i>ne they coude</i>: 'Nec lucida uellera Serum Tyrio @@ -29249,7 +29211,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><b>Metre 7.</b> <a href="#BIIMVIIL1" id="BIIMVIINL1">1</a>. <i>with overthrowing thought</i>: 'mente praecipiti.'</p> - <p><a href="#BIIMVIIL3" id="BIIMVIINL3">3</a>. <i>shewinge</i>, evident, open to the view: 'Latè + <p><a href="#BIIMVIIL3" id="BIIMVIINL3">3</a>. <i>shewinge</i>, evident, open to the view: 'Latè patentes ... plagas.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIMVIIL7" id="BIIMVIINL7">7</a>. <i>dedly</i>, mortal, perishable: 'mortali @@ -29259,7 +29221,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net important, as settling the sense of 'ferne halwes' in the Prologue to the Tales, l. 14.</p> <p><a href="#BIIMVIIL13" id="BIIMVIINL13">13</a>. <i>Fabricius</i>, the conqueror of Pyrrhus; - censor in <span class="smaller">B.C.</span> 275. <i>Brutus</i>, the slayer of Cæsar.</p> + censor in <span class="smaller">B.C.</span> 275. <i>Brutus</i>, the slayer of Cæsar.</p> <p><a href="#BIIMVIIL14" id="BIIMVIINL14">14</a>. <i>Catoun</i>, Cato of Utica (<span class="smaller">B.C.</span> 95-46).</p> @@ -29289,8 +29251,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIIPVIIIL26" id="BIIPVIIINL26">26</a>. <i>visages</i>, faces. See Notes to the poem on Fortune.</p> - <p><b>Metre 8.</b> <a href="#BIIMVIIIL1" id="BIIMVIIINL1">1</a>. It begins 'Quòd mundus stabile - fide Concordes uariat uices; Quòd pugnantia semina Foedus perpetuum tenent.' The whole of this + <p><b>Metre 8.</b> <a href="#BIIMVIIIL1" id="BIIMVIIINL1">1</a>. It begins 'Quòd mundus stabile + fide Concordes uariat uices; Quòd pugnantia semina Foedus perpetuum tenent.' The whole of this metre reappears in Troilus, iii. 1744-1764.</p> <p><a href="#BIIMVIIIL6" id="BIIMVIIINL6">6</a>. <i>hath brought</i>, hath led in, introduced: @@ -29368,8 +29330,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIIIPIIL11" id="BIIIPIINL11">11</a>. <i>out of ... good</i>; 'extrinsecus.'</p> - <p><a href="#BIIIPIIL28" id="BIIIPIINL28">28</a>. <i>mesuren</i>, &c.; 'Plurimi uerò boni - fructum gaudio laetitiâque metiuntur.'</p> + <p><a href="#BIIIPIIL28" id="BIIIPIINL28">28</a>. <i>mesuren</i>, &c.; 'Plurimi uerò boni + fructum gaudio laetitiâque metiuntur.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPIIL34" id="BIIIPIINL34">34</a>. <i>is torned</i>; a bad translation of 'uersatur,' i.e. 'resides.'</p> @@ -29514,7 +29476,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIIIPIVL14" id="BIIIPIVNL14">14</a>. <i>Certes, thou</i>, &c. Rather involved. 'Tu quoque num tandem tot periculis adduci potuisti, ut cum Decorato gerere magistratum putares, - cùm in eo mentem nequissimi scurrae delatorisque respiceres?' <i>With</i> is used for <i>by</i>: + cùm in eo mentem nequissimi scurrae delatorisque respiceres?' <i>With</i> is used for <i>by</i>: 'by so many perils' is intended. See Chaucer's gloss.</p> <div><span class="pagenum" id="page438">{438}</span></div> @@ -29529,8 +29491,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net therefore the more generally contemned. The MSS. vary here; perhaps the scribes did not see their way clearly. See the footnote.</p> - <p><a href="#BIIIPIVL35" id="BIIIPIVNL35">35</a>. <i>and ... nat unpunisshed</i>; 'Verùm non - impunè.'</p> + <p><a href="#BIIIPIVL35" id="BIIIPIVNL35">35</a>. <i>and ... nat unpunisshed</i>; 'Verùm non + impunè.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPIVL40" id="BIIIPIVNL40">40</a>. <i>comen by</i>, arise from; 'per has umbratiles dignitates non posse contingere.' See Chaucer's Balade on Gentilesse, l. 5.</p> @@ -29544,7 +29506,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIIIPIVL50" id="BIIIPIVNL50">50</a>. <i>that wenen</i>, i.e. (folk or people) who suppose.</p> - <p><a href="#BIIIPIVL56" id="BIIIPIVNL56">56</a>. <i>provostrie</i>, i.e. the prætorship; + <p><a href="#BIIIPIVL56" id="BIIIPIVNL56">56</a>. <i>provostrie</i>, i.e. the prætorship; 'praetura.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPIVL57" id="BIIIPIVNL57">57</a>. <i>rente</i>, income; 'et senatorii census @@ -29560,7 +29522,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIIIPIVL66" id="BIIIPIVNL66">66</a>. <i>of hir wille</i>, of their own accord (as it were); 'ultro.'</p> - <p><a href="#BIIIPIVL68" id="BIIIPIVNL68">68</a>. <i>what is it</i>; 'quid est, quòd in se + <p><a href="#BIIIPIVL68" id="BIIIPIVNL68">68</a>. <i>what is it</i>; 'quid est, quòd in se expetendae pulcritudinis habeant, nedum aliis praestent?'</p> <p><b>Metre 4.</b> Cf. Monkes Tale, B 3653-60.</p> @@ -29640,8 +29602,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Ta. B 3163.</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPVIL3">3, 4</a>. <i>O glorie.</i> The original has: <span - title="ô doxa doxa myrioisi dê brotôn, ouden - gegôsi bioton ônkôsas megan" class="fsn">ὦ δόξα + title="ô doxa doxa myrioisi dê brotôn, ouden + gegôsi bioton ônkôsas megan" class="fsn">ὦ δόξα δόξα μυρίοισι δὴ βροτῶν, ὀυδὲν γεγῶσι βίοτον @@ -29681,9 +29643,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIIIPVIIL18" id="BIIIPVIINL18">18</a>. <i>Euripidis</i>; in the gen. case, as in the Lat. text. The reference is to Euripides, Andromache, 418: <span - title="pasi d' anthrôpois ar' ên psychê, tekn'; - hostis d' aut' apeiros ôn psegei, hêsson - men algei, dystychôn d' eudaimonei" class="fsn">πᾶσι δ' + title="pasi d' anthrôpois ar' ên psychê, tekn'; + hostis d' aut' apeiros ôn psegei, hêsson + men algei, dystychôn d' eudaimonei" class="fsn">πᾶσι δ' ἀνθρώποις ἄρ' ἦν ψυχὴ, τεκν'· ὅστις δ' ἄυτ' ἄπειρος ὢν @@ -29734,7 +29696,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net echinis litora.'</p> <p><b>Prose 9.</b> <a href="#BIIIPIXL10" id="BIIIPIXNL10">10</a>. <i>thorugh a litel clifte</i>: - 'rimulâ.'</p> + 'rimulâ.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPIXL14" id="BIIIPIXNL14">14</a>. <i>misledeth it and transporteth</i>: 'traducit.'</p> @@ -29749,7 +29711,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIIIPIXL53" id="BIIIPIXNL53">53</a>. <i>This is a consequence</i>: 'Consequitur.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPIXL69" id="BIIIPIXNL69">69</a>. <i>they ne geten hem</i>: 'nec portionem, quae - nulla est, nec ipsam, quam minimè affectat, assequitur.'</p> + nulla est, nec ipsam, quam minimè affectat, assequitur.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPIXL77" id="BIIIPIXNL77">77</a>. <i>that power forleteth</i>: 'ei, quem ualentia deserit, quem molestia pungit, quem uilitas abicit, quem recondit obscuritas.' Hence <i>that</i> @@ -29768,9 +29730,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIIIPIXL142" id="BIIIPIXNL142">142</a>. <i>in Timeo</i>; 'uti in Timaeo Platoni.' Here Chaucer keeps the words <i>in Timaeo</i> without alteration, as if they formed the title of - Plato's work. The passage is: <span title="all' ô Sôkrates, touto ge dê pantes - hosoi kai kata brachy sôphrosynês - metechousin epi pasê hormê kai smikrou + Plato's work. The passage is: <span title="all' ô Sôkrates, touto ge dê pantes + hosoi kai kata brachy sôphrosynês + metechousin epi pasê hormê kai smikrou kai megalou pragmatos theon aei pou kalousin" class="fsn">ἀλλ' ὦ Σώκρατες, τοῦτό @@ -29919,12 +29881,12 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><b>Prose 11.</b> <a href="#BIIIPXIL3" id="BIIIPXINL3">3</a>. <i>How mochel</i>; i.e. at what price will you appraise it: 'quanti aestimabis.'</p> - <p><a href="#BIIIPXIL24" id="BIIIPXINL24">24</a>. <i>The thinges thanne</i>: 'Quae igitur, cùm - discrepant, minimè bona sunt; cùm uero unum esse coeperint, bona fiunt: nonne haec ut bona sint, + <p><a href="#BIIIPXIL24" id="BIIIPXINL24">24</a>. <i>The thinges thanne</i>: 'Quae igitur, cùm + discrepant, minimè bona sunt; cùm uero unum esse coeperint, bona fiunt: nonne haec ut bona sint, unitatis fieri adeptione contingit?'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPXIL55" id="BIIIPXINL55">55</a>. <i>non other</i>; i.e. no other conclusion: - 'minimè aliud uidetur.'</p> + 'minimè aliud uidetur.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPXIL63" id="BIIIPXINL63">63</a>. <i>travaileth him</i>, endeavours: 'tueri salutem laborat.'</p> @@ -29951,9 +29913,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net cognoscentis motibus.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPXIL123" id="BIIIPXINL123">123</a>. <i>som-tyme</i>: 'gignendi opus ... interdum - coërcet uoluntas.'</p> + coërcet uoluntas.'</p> - <p><a href="#BIIIPXIL128" id="BIIIPXINL128">128</a>. <i>And thus</i>: 'Adeò haec sui caritas.'</p> + <p><a href="#BIIIPXIL128" id="BIIIPXINL128">128</a>. <i>And thus</i>: 'Adeò haec sui caritas.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPXIL142" id="BIIIPXINL142">142</a>. <i>for yif that that oon</i>: 'hoc enim sublato, nec esse quidem cuiquam permanebit.'</p> @@ -29988,8 +29950,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net paraphrase of all that precedes, from the beginning of the Metre.</p> <p><a href="#BIIIMXIL32" id="BIIIMXINL32">32</a>. <i>Plato</i>. From Plato's Phaedo, where - Socrates says: <span title="hoti hêmin hê mathêsis ouk allo ti ê - anamnêsis tynchanei ousa" class="fsn">ὅτι ἡμῖν ἡ + Socrates says: <span title="hoti hêmin hê mathêsis ouk allo ti ê + anamnêsis tynchanei ousa" class="fsn">ὅτι ἡμῖν ἡ μάθησις ὀυκ ἄλλο τι ἢ ἀνάμνησις @@ -29997,7 +29959,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net E).</p> <p><b>Prose 12.</b> <a href="#BIIIPXIIL18" id="BIIIPXIINL18">18</a>. <i>Wendest</i>, didst ween: - 'Mundum, inquit, hunc â Deo regi paullo antè minimè dubitandum putabas.' Surely Chaucer has quite + 'Mundum, inquit, hunc â Deo regi paullo antè minimè dubitandum putabas.' Surely Chaucer has quite mistaken the construction. He should rather have said: 'Thou wendest, quod she, a litel her-biforn that men ne sholden nat doute,' &c.</p> @@ -30019,7 +29981,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net clauus atque gubernaculum.' Here Chaucer unluckily translates <i>clauus</i> as if it were <i>clauis</i>.</p> - <p><a href="#BIIIPXIIL63" id="BIIIPXIINL63">63</a>. <i>ne sheweth</i>: 'non minùs ad contuendum + <p><a href="#BIIIPXIIL63" id="BIIIPXIINL63">63</a>. <i>ne sheweth</i>: 'non minùs ad contuendum patet'; i.e. is equally plain to be seen.</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPXIIL67" id="BIIIPXIINL67">67</a>. <i>by the keye</i>: 'bonitatis clauo'; see @@ -30042,7 +30004,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIIIPXIIL116" id="BIIIPXIINL116">116</a>. <i>Scornest thou me</i>: 'Ludisne, inquam, me, inextricabilem labyrinthum rationibus texens, quae nunc quidem, qua egrediaris, introeas; nunc - uerò qua introieris, egrediare; an mirabilem quemdam diuinae simplicitatis orbem complicas?'</p> + uerò qua introieris, egrediare; an mirabilem quemdam diuinae simplicitatis orbem complicas?'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPXIIL117" id="BIIIPXIINL117">117</a>. <i>the hous of Dedalus</i>; used to translate 'labyrinthum.' See Vergil, Aen. vi. 24-30, v. 588. No doubt Boethius borrowed the word @@ -30065,7 +30027,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net according to Plato, accompanied Zeno to Athens, where he became acquainted with Socrates, who was then but a young man. Plato, in his Sophistes, quotes the line of Parmenides which is here referred to: <span title="pantothen eukyklou sphairas enalinkion - onkô" class="fsn">πάντοθεν + onkô" class="fsn">πάντοθεν ἐυκύκλου σφαίρας ἐναλίγκιον ὄγκῳ</span>. This the MSS. explain to mean: 'rerum orbem mobilem rotat, @@ -30076,7 +30038,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net verses<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> <div class="poem"> - <p><span title="messothen isopales pantê, to gar oute ti + <p><span title="messothen isopales pantê, to gar oute ti meizon" class="fsn">μεσσόθεν ἰσοπαλὲς πάντη, τὸ γὰρ ὄυτε τι @@ -30090,8 +30052,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net and nothing more immoveable.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIPXIIL152" id="BIIIPXIINL152">152</a>. <i>Plato.</i> From Plato's Timaeus, 29 B: - <span title="hôs ara tous logous hônper eisin - exêgêtai, toutôn autôn kai syngeneis + <span title="hôs ara tous logous hônper eisin + exêgêtai, toutôn autôn kai syngeneis ontas" class="fsn">ὡς ἄρα τοὺς λόγους ὧνπερ ἐισὶν ἐξηγηταί, @@ -30129,9 +30091,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net for which see Cockayne's A. S. Leechdoms, ii. 124, ii. 74, iii. 48. It is further illustrated in my Etym. Dict., s. v. <i>Lavish</i>, its derivative. No doubt it was frequently confused with F. <i>laver</i>, to wash; but it is an independent Teutonic word, allied to G. <i>laben</i>. In E. - Friesic we find <i>lafen sük</i> or <i>laven sük</i>, to refresh oneself. It is curious that it + Friesic we find <i>lafen sük</i> or <i>laven sük</i>, to refresh oneself. It is curious that it appears even in so late an author as Dryden, who translates Lat. <i>egerit</i> (Ovid, Met. xi. - 488) by <i>laves</i>, i.e. bales out. And see <i>laven</i> in Mätzner.</p> + 488) by <i>laves</i>, i.e. bales out. And see <i>laven</i> in Mätzner.</p> <p><a href="#BIIIMXIIL16">16</a>. <i>Calliope.</i> Orpheus was son of Oeagrus, king of Thrace, and of Calliope, chief of the Muses; cf. Ovid, Ibis, 484.</p> @@ -30161,7 +30123,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net 786-8.</p> <p><a href="#BIIIMXIIL34" id="BIIIMXIINL34">34</a>. <i>But we wol</i>: 'Sed lex dona - coërceat.'</p> + coërceat.'</p> <p><a href="#BIIIMXIIL37" id="BIIIMXIINL37">37</a>. <i>But what</i>; quoted in Kn. Tale, A 1164.</p> @@ -30171,7 +30133,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p class="sp3"><a href="#BIIIMXIIL49" id="BIIIMXIINL49">49</a>. <i>loketh</i>, beholds: 'uidet inferos.' The story of Orpheus is excellently told in King Alfred's translation of Boethius, cap. - xxxv. §6.</p> + xxxv. §6.</p> <div><span class="pagenum" id="page446">{446}</span></div> @@ -30180,7 +30142,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><b>Prose 1.</b> <a href="#BIVPIL5" id="BIVPINL5">5</a>. <i>forbrak</i>, broke off, interrupted: 'abrupi.'</p> - <p><a href="#BIVPIL14" id="BIVPINL14">14</a>. <i>so as</i>, seeing that, since: 'cùm.'</p> + <p><a href="#BIVPIL14" id="BIVPINL14">14</a>. <i>so as</i>, seeing that, since: 'cùm.'</p> <p><a href="#BIVPIL25" id="BIVPINL25">25</a>. <i>alle thinges may</i>, is omnipotent: 'potentis omnia.'</p> @@ -30361,7 +30323,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net poena.'</p> <p><a href="#BIVPIIIL49" id="BIVPIIINL49">49</a>. <i>may it semen</i>: 'possuntne sibi supplicii - expertes uideri, quos omnium malorum extrema nequitia non afficit modò, verumetiam uehementer + expertes uideri, quos omnium malorum extrema nequitia non afficit modò, verumetiam uehementer inficit?'</p> <p><a href="#BIVPIIIL70" id="BIVPIIINL70">70</a>. <i>under</i>, beneath, below: 'infra hominis @@ -30421,7 +30383,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIVPIVL26" id="BIVPIVNL26">26</a>. <i>thilke unselinesse</i>: 'hoc infortunio'; i. e. the ability to sin.</p> - <p><a href="#BIVPIVL28" id="BIVPIVNL28">28</a>. <i>So shullen</i>: 'Carebunt, inquit, ocius, quàm + <p><a href="#BIVPIVL28" id="BIVPIVNL28">28</a>. <i>So shullen</i>: 'Carebunt, inquit, ocius, quà m uel tu forsitan uelis, uel illi sese existiment esse carituros.'</p> <p><a href="#BIVPIVL30" id="BIVPIVNL30">30</a>. <i>For ther</i>: 'Neque enim est aliquid in tam @@ -30499,17 +30461,17 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="poem"> <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'Si quis Arcturi sidera nescit</p> <p>Propinqua summo cardine labi,</p> - <p>Cur legat tardus plaustra Boötes,</p> + <p>Cur legat tardus plaustra Boötes,</p> <p>Mergatque seras aequore flammas,</p> <p>Cum nimis celeres explicet ortus,</p> <p>Legem stupebit aetheris alti.'</p> </div> <p><a href="#BIVMVL1" id="BIVMVNL1">1</a>. <i>sterres of Arcture</i>, the stars of the - constellation Arcturus. Arcturus was (as here) another name for Boötes, though it properly meant + constellation Arcturus. Arcturus was (as here) another name for Boötes, though it properly meant the brightest star in that constellation. It is at no great distance from the north pole, and so appears to revolve round it. The passage, which is somewhat obscure, seems to refer to the manner - of the rising and setting of Boötes; and the argument is, that a person ignorant of astronomy, + of the rising and setting of Boötes; and the argument is, that a person ignorant of astronomy, must be puzzled to understand the laws that rule the motions of the sky.</p> <p><a href="#BIVMVL3" id="BIVMVNL3">3</a>. <i>the sterre</i>, the constellation. Chaucer uses @@ -30556,9 +30518,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <i>modus</i> here; it rather means <i>ende</i> or 'limit.'</p> <p><a href="#BIVPVIL14" id="BIVPVINL14">14</a>. <i>but-yif</i>: 'nisi quis eas uiuacissimo mentis - igne coërceat.'</p> + igne coërceat.'</p> - <p><a href="#BIVPVIL24" id="BIVPVINL24">24, 5</a>. <i>But althogh</i>: 'Quòd si te musici carminis + <p><a href="#BIVPVIL24" id="BIVPVINL24">24, 5</a>. <i>But althogh</i>: 'Quòd si te musici carminis oblectamenta delectant, hanc oportet paullisper differas uoluptatem, dum nexas sibi ordine contexo rationes.' This is said, because this 'Prose' is of unusual length. For <i>sibi</i>, another reading is <i>tibi</i>; hence Chaucer's 'weve <i>to thee</i> resouns.'</p> @@ -30576,9 +30538,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net praesentarieque prospexit, per temporales ordines ducit.' Cf. Troilus, i. 1065-9.</p> <p><a href="#BIVPVIL67" id="BIVPVINL67">67</a>. <i>by some sowle</i>; glossed 'anima mundi.' This - idea is from Plato, De Legibus, bk. x: <span title="psychên dê dioikousan kai enoikousan en - hapasi tois pantê kinoumenois môn ou kai - ton ouranon anankê dioikein phanai" class="fsn">ψυχὴν δὴ + idea is from Plato, De Legibus, bk. x: <span title="psychên dê dioikousan kai enoikousan en + hapasi tois pantê kinoumenois môn ou kai + ton ouranon anankê dioikein phanai" class="fsn">ψυχὴν δὴ διοικοῦσαν καὶ ἐνοικοῦσαν ἐν ἅπασι τοῖς πάντῃ @@ -30598,20 +30560,20 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net medio connectat et societ, in simplicitatem cogitur, diffundique ac diffluere cessat.'</p> <p><a href="#BIVPVIL93" id="BIVPVINL93">93</a>. <i>laus</i>, loose; from Icel. <i>lauss</i>. Also - spelt <i>loos</i>, <i>los</i>. <i>it axeth</i>: 'quantò illum rerum cardinem uicinius petit.' Thus + spelt <i>loos</i>, <i>los</i>. <i>it axeth</i>: 'quantò illum rerum cardinem uicinius petit.' Thus <i>it axeth</i> is due to 'petit,' i.e. seeks, tends to.</p> <p><a href="#BIVPVIL97" id="BIVPVINL97">97</a>. <i>Thanne right swich</i>: 'Igitur uti est ad intellectum ratiocinatio; ad id quod est, id quod gignitur; ad aeternitatem tempus; ad puncti medium circulus: ita est fati series mobilis ad prouidentiae stabilem simplicitatem.'</p> - <p><a href="#BIVPVIL108" id="BIVPVINL108">108</a>. <i>whan they passen</i>: 'cùm ... + <p><a href="#BIVPVIL108" id="BIVPVINL108">108</a>. <i>whan they passen</i>: 'cùm ... proficiscantur.' Thus <i>whan</i> should rather be <i>so as</i>, i.e. whereas, because.</p> <p><a href="#BIVPVIL112" id="BIVPVINL112">112</a>. <i>unable to ben ybowed</i>: 'indeclinabilem caussarum ordinem promat.'</p> - <p><a href="#BIVPVIL114" id="BIVPVINL114">114</a>. <i>sholden fleten</i>: 'res ... temerè + <p><a href="#BIVPVIL114" id="BIVPVINL114">114</a>. <i>sholden fleten</i>: 'res ... temerè fluituras.'</p> <p><i>For which it is</i>: 'Quo fit.'</p> @@ -30661,7 +30623,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net MS. C. has 'me quidem'; and 'me' is glossed by 'philosophus per me.'</p> <p><a href="#BIVPVIL177" id="BIVPVINL177">177</a>. <i>in Grek.</i> Some MSS. have: <span - title="andros hierou sôma dynameis oikodomousi" class="fsn">ἀνδρὸς + title="andros hierou sôma dynameis oikodomousi" class="fsn">ἀνδρὸς ἱεροῦ σῶμα δυνάμεις ὀικοδομοῦσι</span>. There are @@ -30695,7 +30657,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BIVPVIL242" id="BIVPVINL242">242</a>. <i>sin that</i>: the original is in Greek, with (in MS. C.) the false gloss:—'fortissimus in mundo Deus omnia regit.' The Greek - is—<span title="Argaleon de me tauta theon hôs pant' + is—<span title="Argaleon de me tauta theon hôs pant' agoreuein" class="fsn">Ἀργαλέον δέ με ταῦτα θεὸν ὣς πάντ' ἀγορεύειν</span>. @@ -30750,7 +30712,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net caussae, quae dedit esse.'</p> <p><b>Prose 7.</b> <a href="#BIVPVIIL57" id="BIVPVIINL57">57</a>. <i>ne also it</i>: 'ita uir - sapiens molestè ferre non debet, quotiens in fortunae certamen adducitur.'</p> + sapiens molestè ferre non debet, quotiens in fortunae certamen adducitur.'</p> <p><a href="#BIVPVIIL60" id="BIVPVIINL60">60</a>. <i>matere</i>, material, source.</p> @@ -30876,7 +30838,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BVPIL66" id="BVPINL66">66</a>. <i>uneschuable</i>, inevitable; 'ineuitabili.'</p> <p><b>Metre 1.</b> <a href="#BVMIL2" id="BVMINL2">2</a>. <i>Achemenie</i>: 'Rupis Achaemeniae - scopulis,' in the crags of the Achæmenian rock or mountain. <i>Achaemenius</i> signifies + scopulis,' in the crags of the Achæmenian rock or mountain. <i>Achaemenius</i> signifies 'Persian,' from Achaemenes, the grandfather of Cyrus; but is here extended to mean Armenian. The sources of the Tigris and Euphrates are really different, though both rise in the mountains of Armenia; they run for a long way at no great distance apart, and at last join.</p> @@ -30913,14 +30875,14 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BVPIIL27" id="BVPIINL27">27</a>. <i>talents</i>, affections: 'affectibus.'</p> - <p><a href="#BVPIIL30" id="BVPIINL30">30</a>. <i>caitifs</i>, captive: 'propriâ libertate + <p><a href="#BVPIIL30" id="BVPIINL30">30</a>. <i>caitifs</i>, captive: 'propriâ libertate captiuae.' Ll. 30-34 are repeated in Troilus, iv. 963-6; q.v.</p> <p><a href="#BVPIIL34" id="BVPIINL34">34</a>. <i>in Greek</i>: <span title="pant' ephora kai pant' epakouei" class="fsn">πάντ' ἐφορᾷ καὶ πάντ' ἐπακούει</span>. From Homer, Iliad, iii. - 277—<span title="Êelios th', hos pant' ephoras kai pant' + 277—<span title="Êelios th', hos pant' ephoras kai pant' epakoueis" class="fsn">Ἠελιος θ', ὃς πάντ' ἐφορᾷς καὶ πάντ' ἐπακούεις</span>. @@ -30928,7 +30890,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><b>Metre 2.</b> <a href="#BVMIIL1" id="BVMIINL1">1, 2</a>. <i>with the</i>, &c.; 'Melliflui ... oris.' <i>cleer</i>, bright; alluding to the common phrase in Homer: <span - title="lampron phaos êelioio" class="fsn">λαμπρὸν + title="lampron phaos êelioio" class="fsn">λαμπρὸν φάος ἠελίοιο</span>; Il. i. 605, &c.</p> @@ -30960,7 +30922,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <i>that</i> account that they happen. Cf. 'Nat that it comth for it purveyed is'; Troil. iv. 1053.</p> - <p><a href="#BVPIIIL71" id="BVPIIINL71">71</a>. <i>at the laste</i>, finally: 'Postremò.'</p> + <p><a href="#BVPIIIL71" id="BVPIIINL71">71</a>. <i>at the laste</i>, finally: 'Postremò.'</p> <p><a href="#BVPIIIL78" id="BVPIIINL78">78</a>. <i>that I ne wot it.</i> The <i>ne</i> is superfluous, though in all the copies. The sense is—'if I know a thing, it cannot be false @@ -30973,7 +30935,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <i>indifferently</i>, impartially.</p> <p><a href="#BVPIIIL94" id="BVPIIINL94">94</a>. <i>Iape-worthy,</i> ridiculous: 'ridiculo.' From - Horace, Sat. ii. 5. 59—'O Laërtiade, quicquid dicam, aut erit, aut non.'</p> + Horace, Sat. ii. 5. 59—'O Laërtiade, quicquid dicam, aut erit, aut non.'</p> <p><a href="#BVPIIIL116" id="BVPIIINL116">116</a>. <i>sent</i>, for <i>sendeth</i>, sends: 'mittit.'</p> @@ -31037,10 +30999,10 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Quoue inueniat, quisue repertam Queat ignarus noscere formam?'</p> <p><a href="#BVMIIIL26" id="BVMIIINL26">26</a>. <i>But whan</i>: not a statement, as here taken, - but a question. 'An cùm mentem cerneret altam Pariter summam et singula norat?' The translation is + but a question. 'An cùm mentem cerneret altam Pariter summam et singula norat?' The translation is quite incorrect, and the passage is difficult. The reference seems to be to the supposition that the soul, apart from the body, sees both universals and particulars, but its power in the latter - respect is impeded by the body; ideas taken from Plato's Meno and Phædo.</p> + respect is impeded by the body; ideas taken from Plato's Meno and Phædo.</p> <p><a href="#BVMIIIL32" id="BVMIIINL32">32</a>, <a href="#BVMIIIL33" id="BVMIIINL33">33</a>. <i>withholdeth</i>, retains: 'tenet.' <i>singularitees</i>, particulars: 'singula.'</p> @@ -31053,7 +31015,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net 173: 'that alle manere men .. Louen her <i>eyther other</i>'; and, in B. vii. 138: 'apposeden <i>either other</i>'; and lastly, in B. xvi. 207: '<i>either</i> is <i>otheres</i> Ioye.'</p> - <p><a href="#BVMIIIL36" id="BVMIIINL36">36</a>. <i>retreteth</i>, reconsiders: 'altè uisa + <p><a href="#BVMIIIL36" id="BVMIIINL36">36</a>. <i>retreteth</i>, reconsiders: 'altè uisa <i>retractans</i>.'</p> <p><b>Prose 4.</b> <a href="#BVPIVL2" id="BVPIVNL2">2</a>. <i>Marcus Tullius</i>, i.e. Cicero; De @@ -31149,7 +31111,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="poem"> <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'Sed mens si propriis uigens Nihil motibus explicat</p> - <p>Sed tantùm patiens iacet Notis subdita corporum,</p> + <p>Sed tantùm patiens iacet Notis subdita corporum,</p> <p>Cassasque in speculi uicem Rerum reddit imagines.</p> <p>Vnde haec sic animis uiget Cernens omnia notio?</p> <p>Quae uis singula prospicit, Aut quae cognita diuidit?</p> @@ -31215,8 +31177,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BVMVL11" id="BVMVNL11">11</a>. <i>hevieth</i>, oppresses: 'Prona tamen facies hebetes ualet ingrauare sensus.' From Aristotle, On the Parts of Animals, Bk. iv. <span title="Dio pleionos genomenou tou barous kai - tou sômatôdous, anankê rhepein ta sômata - pros tên gên" class="fsn">Διὸ πλείονος + tou sômatôdous, anankê rhepein ta sômata + pros tên gên" class="fsn">Διὸ πλείονος γενομένου τοῦ βάρους καὶ τοῦ σωματώδους, @@ -31238,7 +31200,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#BVPVIL42" id="BVPVINL42">42</a>. <i>Plato.</i> This notion is found in Proclus and Plotinus, and other followers of Plato; but Plato himself really expressed a contrary opinion, - viz. that the world had a definite beginning. See his Timæus.</p> + viz. that the world had a definite beginning. See his Timæus.</p> <p><a href="#BVPVIL48" id="BVPVINL48">48</a>. <i>For this ilke</i>: 'Hunc enim uitae immobilis praesentarium statum infinitus ille temporalium rerum motus imitatur; cumque eum effingere atque @@ -31425,10 +31387,10 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Fil. I. st. 5. And see ll. 1042, 3 below.</p> <p><a href="#TIL57" id="TINL57">57</a>. Here begins the story; cf. Fil. I. st. 7. Bell remarks - that 'a thousand shippes,' in l. 58, may have been suggested by 'mille carinae' in Verg. Æn. ii. + that 'a thousand shippes,' in l. 58, may have been suggested by 'mille carinae' in Verg. Æn. ii. 198; cf. 'anni decem' in the same line, with l. 60.</p> - <p><a href="#TIL67" id="TINL67">67</a>. Read <i>éxpert</i>. <i>Calkas</i> is Homer's Calchas, Il. + <p><a href="#TIL67" id="TINL67">67</a>. Read <i>éxpert</i>. <i>Calkas</i> is Homer's Calchas, Il. i. 69. He was a Greek, but Guido makes him a Trojan, putting him in the place of Homer's Chryses. See the allit. Troy-book, 7886.</p> @@ -31443,9 +31405,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIL91" id="TINL91">91</a>. 'Deserve to be burnt, both skin and bones.'</p> <p><a href="#TIL99" id="TINL99">99</a>. <i>Criseyde</i>; Boccaccio has <i>Griseida</i>, answering - to Homer's <span title="Chrysêida" class="fsn">Χρυσηΐδα</span>, + to Homer's <span title="Chrysêida" class="fsn">Χρυσηΐδα</span>, Il. i. 143. It was common, in the Middle Ages, to adopt the accusative form as the standard one, - especially in proper names. Her father was Chryses; see note to l. 67. But Benoît de Sainte-Maure + especially in proper names. Her father was Chryses; see note to l. 67. But Benoît de Sainte-Maure calls her <i>Briseida</i>, and <i>Chryseis</i> and <i>Briseis</i> seem to have been confused. The allit. Troy-book has <i>Bresaide</i>; l. 8029.</p> @@ -31458,7 +31420,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIL132" id="TINL132">132, 133</a>. This is a curious statement, and Chaucer's object in making it is not clear. Boccaccio says expressly that she had neither son nor daughter (st. - 15); and Benoît (l. 12977) calls her 'la pucele.'</p> + 15); and Benoît (l. 12977) calls her 'la pucele.'</p> <p><a href="#TIL136" id="TINL136">136</a>. <i>som day</i>, one day; used quite generally.</p> @@ -31476,7 +31438,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIL153" id="TINL153">153</a>. <i>Palladion</i>, the Palladium or sacred image of Pallas, on the keeping of which the safety of Troy depended. It was stolen from Troy by Diomede - and Ulysses; see Æneid, ii. 166. But Chaucer doubtless read the long account in Guido delle + and Ulysses; see Æneid, ii. 166. But Chaucer doubtless read the long account in Guido delle Colonne.</p> <p><a href="#TIL171" id="TINL171">171</a>. Hence Henrysoun, in his Testament of Criseyde, st. 12, @@ -31563,7 +31525,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIL394" id="TINL394">394</a>. <i>writ</i>, writeth. <i>Lollius</i>; Chaucer's reason for the use of this name is not known. Perhaps we may agree with Dr. Latham, who suggested (in a - letter to the <i>Athenæum</i>, Oct. 3, 1868, p. 433), that Chaucer misread this line in Horace + letter to the <i>Athenæum</i>, Oct. 3, 1868, p. 433), that Chaucer misread this line in Horace (<i>Epist.</i> i. 2. 1), viz. 'Troiani belli scriptorem, maxime <i>Lolli</i>'; and thence derived the notion that Lollius wrote on the Trojan war. This becomes the more likely if we suppose that he merely saw this line quoted apart from the context. Chaucer does not seem to have read Horace @@ -31571,18 +31533,18 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net note to Ho. of Fame, 1468. The following is the text of Petrarch's sonnet:</p> <div class="poem"> - <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'S'amor non è, che dunque è quel ch' i'sento?</p> - <p style="margin-left:1.40em">Ma s'egli è amor, per Dio, che cosa e quale?</p> - <p style="margin-left:1.40em">Se buona, ond' è l'effetto aspro mortale?</p> - <p style="margin-left:1.40em">Se ria, ond' è si dolce ogni tormento?</p> - <p>S'a mia voglia ardo, ond' è 'l pianto e'l lamento?</p> + <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'S'amor non è, che dunque è quel ch' i'sento?</p> + <p style="margin-left:1.40em">Ma s'egli è amor, per Dio, che cosa e quale?</p> + <p style="margin-left:1.40em">Se buona, ond' è l'effetto aspro mortale?</p> + <p style="margin-left:1.40em">Se ria, ond' è si dolce ogni tormento?</p> + <p>S'a mia voglia ardo, ond' è 'l pianto e'l lamento?</p> <p style="margin-left:1.40em">S'a mal mia grado, il lamentar che vale?</p> <p style="margin-left:1.40em">O viva morte, o dilettoso male,</p> <p style="margin-left:1.40em">Come puoi tanto in me s'io nol consento?</p> <p>E s'io 'l consento, a gran torto mi doglio.</p> <p style="margin-left:1.40em">Fra si contrari venti, in frale barca</p> <p style="margin-left:1.40em">Mi trovo in alto mar, senza governo.</p> - <p>Sì lieve di saver, d'error sì carca</p> + <p>Sì lieve di saver, d'error sì carca</p> <p style="margin-left:1.40em">Ch' i' medesmo non so quel ch'io mi voglio,</p> <p style="margin-left:1.40em">E tremo a mezza state, ardendo il verno.'</p> </div> @@ -31590,7 +31552,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>In l. 401, <i>whiche</i> means 'of what kind.'</p> <p><a href="#TIL425" id="TINL425">425</a>. Ital. text—'Non so s'io dico a donna, ovvero a - dea'; Fil. I. 38. Cf. Æneid, i. 327. Hence the line in Kn. Ta. A 1101.</p> + dea'; Fil. I. 38. Cf. Æneid, i. 327. Hence the line in Kn. Ta. A 1101.</p> <p><a href="#TIL457" id="TINL457">457</a>. <i>That</i>; in modern E., we should use <i>But</i>, or else <i>said not</i> for <i>seyde</i>.</p> @@ -31630,7 +31592,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIL530" id="TINL530">530-2</a>. 'For, by my hidden sorrow, (when it is) blased abroad, I shall be befooled more, a thousand times, than the fool of whose folly men write rimes.' - No particular reference seems to be intended by l. 532; the Ital. text merely has 'più ch' altro,' + No particular reference seems to be intended by l. 532; the Ital. text merely has 'più ch' altro,' more than any one.</p> <p><a href="#TIL557" id="TINL557">557</a>. <i>attricioun</i>, attrition. 'An imperfect sorrow for @@ -31655,7 +31617,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIL648" id="TINL648">648</a>. <i>amayed</i>, dismayed; O.F. <i>esmaier</i>. So in Bk. IV. l. 641.</p> - <p><a href="#TIL654" id="TINL654">654</a>. <i>Oënone</i> seems to have four syllables. MS. H. has + <p><a href="#TIL654" id="TINL654">654</a>. <i>Oënone</i> seems to have four syllables. MS. H. has <i>Oonone</i>; MS. Cm. <i>senome</i> (over an erasure); MS. Harl. 3943, <i>Tynome</i>. Alluding to the letter of <i>Œnone</i> to Paris in Ovid, Heroid. v.</p> @@ -31698,7 +31660,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIL713" id="TINL713">713</a>. <i>harde grace</i>, misfortune; cf. Cant. Ta. G 665, 1189. Tyrwhitt quotes Euripides, Herc. Furens, 1250: <span - title="Gemô kakôn dê, kouket' esth' hopou tethê" class="fsn">Γέμω + title="Gemô kakôn dê, kouket' esth' hopou tethê" class="fsn">Γέμω κακῶν δή, κὀυκέτ' ἐσθ' ὅπου τεθῇ</span>.</p> @@ -31730,7 +31692,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>Non traxit Tityi iecur.'</p> </div> - <p>See also Verg. Æn. vi. 595; Ovid, Met. iv. 456.</p> + <p>See also Verg. Æn. vi. 595; Ovid, Met. iv. 456.</p> <p><a href="#TIL811" id="TINL811">811</a>. First foot deficient, as in ll. 603, 1051, 1069, &c. <i>winter</i>, years. Perhaps imitated from Le Rom. de la Rose, 21145-9.</p> @@ -31757,10 +31719,10 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIL956" id="TINL956">956</a>. A proverb. 'The more haste, the worse speed (success).' Cf. Bk. iii. 1567, and The Tale of Melibeus, B 2244.</p> - <p><a href="#TIL964" id="TINL964">964</a>. Dr. Köppel says—cf. Albertano of Brescia, Liber + <p><a href="#TIL964" id="TINL964">964</a>. Dr. Köppel says—cf. Albertano of Brescia, Liber de Amore Dei, 45b: 'Iam et Seneca dixit, Non conualescit planta, quae saepe transfertur.'</p> - <p><a href="#TIL969" id="TINL969">969</a>. 'A bon port estes arrivés'; Rom. de la Rose, 12964.</p> + <p><a href="#TIL969" id="TINL969">969</a>. 'A bon port estes arrivés'; Rom. de la Rose, 12964.</p> <p><a href="#TIL977" id="TINL977">977</a>. Fil. ii. st. 27: 'Io credo certo, ch' ogni donna in voglia Viva amorosa.'</p> @@ -31777,7 +31739,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net out of the moon!' Alluding to the old notion that the spots on the moon's surface <span class="pagenum" id="page467">{467}</span>represent a man with a bundle of sticks. See the curious poem on this subject in Wright's Specimens of Lyric Poetry, p. 110; also printed in Ritson's - Ancient Songs, i. 68, and in Böddeker's Altenglische Dichtungen, p. 176, where a fear is expressed + Ancient Songs, i. 68, and in Böddeker's Altenglische Dichtungen, p. 176, where a fear is expressed that the man may fall out of the moon. Cf. Temp. ii. 2. 141; Mids. Nt. Dr. v. 1. 249; and see Alex. Neckam, ed. Wright, pp. xviii, 54.</p> @@ -31790,13 +31752,13 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIL1050" id="TINL1050">1050</a>. <i>Scan</i>: 'And yet m' athink'th ... m'asterte.' The sense is: 'And yet it repents me that this boast should escape me.'</p> - <p><a href="#TIL1051" id="TINL1051">1051</a>. Deficient in the first foot: 'Now | Pandáre.' So in + <p><a href="#TIL1051" id="TINL1051">1051</a>. Deficient in the first foot: 'Now | Pandáre.' So in l. 1069.</p> <p><a href="#TIL1052" id="TINL1052">1052</a>. 'But thou, being wise, thou knowest,' &c. In this line, <i>thou</i> seems to be emphatic throughout.</p> - <p><a href="#TIL1058" id="TINL1058">1058</a>. Read <i>désiróus</i>; as in Book ii. 1101, and Sq. + <p><a href="#TIL1058" id="TINL1058">1058</a>. Read <i>désiróus</i>; as in Book ii. 1101, and Sq. Ta. F 23.</p> <p><a href="#TIL1070" id="TINL1070">1070</a>. <i>Pandare</i> is here trisyllabic; with unelided @@ -31893,7 +31855,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="poem"> <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'Per correr miglior acqua alza le vele</p> <p>Omai la navicella del mio ingegno,</p> - <p>Che lascia dietro a sè mar sì crudele;' &c.</p> + <p>Che lascia dietro a sè mar sì crudele;' &c.</p> </div> <p><a href="#TIIL7" id="TIINL7">7</a>. <i>calendes</i>, the introduction to the beginning; see bk. @@ -32103,7 +32065,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIL656" id="TIINL656">656</a>. <i>for pure ashamed</i>, for being completely ashamed, i.e. for very shame. A curious idiom.</p> - <p><a href="#TIIL666" id="TIINL666">666</a>. <i>envýous</i>, envious person; accented on <i>y</i>, + <p><a href="#TIIL666" id="TIINL666">666</a>. <i>envýous</i>, envious person; accented on <i>y</i>, as in l. 857.</p> <p><a href="#TIIL677" id="TIINL677">677</a>. <i>Ma | de</i>; two syllables. The first foot is @@ -32112,7 +32074,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIL681" id="TIINL681">681</a>. The astrological term 'house' has two senses; it sometimes means a zodiacal sign, as when, e.g. Taurus is called the 'house' or mansion of Venus; and sometimes it has another sense, as, probably, in the present passage. See Chaucer's treatise - on the Astrolabe, pt. ii. § 37, on 'the equations of houses.' In the latter case, the whole + on the Astrolabe, pt. ii. § 37, on 'the equations of houses.' In the latter case, the whole celestial sphere was divided into twelve equal parts, called 'houses,' by great circles passing through the north and south points of the horizon. The first of these, reckoning upwards from the eastern horizon, was called the <i>first</i> house, and the <i>seventh</i> house, being opposite @@ -32198,7 +32160,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIL1001" id="TIINL1001">1001</a>. 'Your ill hap is not owing to me.'</p> - <p><a href="#TIIL1017" id="TIINL1017">1017</a>. Read <i>And úpon mé</i>, where <i>me</i> is + <p><a href="#TIIL1017" id="TIINL1017">1017</a>. Read <i>And úpon mé</i>, where <i>me</i> is emphatic.</p> <p><a href="#TIIL1022" id="TIINL1022">1022</a>. When people's ears glow, it is because they are @@ -32217,7 +32179,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIL1041" id="TIINL1041">1041</a>. 'Humano capiti,' &c.; Horace, Ars Poet. 1-5. <i>pyk</i>, a pike (fish), as in the Balade to Rosemounde, 17.</p> - <p><a href="#TIIL1062" id="TIINL1062">1062</a>. Accent <i>Mínervá</i> on the first and third + <p><a href="#TIIL1062" id="TIINL1062">1062</a>. Accent <i>MÃnervá</i> on the first and third syllables.</p> <p><a href="#TIIL1075" id="TIINL1075">1075-7</a>. <i>it made</i>, was the cause of it. <i>ley</i>, @@ -32293,7 +32255,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net formed from the sb. <i>forbysne</i>, A. S. <i>forebȳsen</i>, an example, instance. The word was obsolescent.</p> - <p><a href="#TIIL1398" id="TIINL1398">1398</a>. <i>Deiphebus</i> (= <i>Dé'phĕbús)</i> is + <p><a href="#TIIL1398" id="TIINL1398">1398</a>. <i>Deiphebus</i> (= <i>Dé'phĕbús)</i> is always trisyllabic.</p> <p><a href="#TIIL1410" id="TIINL1410">1410</a>. He means that he would do more for him than for @@ -32312,7 +32274,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIL1554" id="TIINL1554">1554</a>. <i>renne</i>, to run, like an excited madman.</p> - <p><a href="#TIIL1564" id="TIINL1564">1564</a>. 'Bon fait prolixite foïr;' Rom. de la Rose, + <p><a href="#TIIL1564" id="TIINL1564">1564</a>. 'Bon fait prolixite foïr;' Rom. de la Rose, 18498.</p> <p><a href="#TIIL1581" id="TIINL1581">1581</a>. 'Although it does not please her to recommend (a @@ -32472,7 +32434,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>A' sospir dolci della mia salute,</p> <p>Sempre lodata sia la tua virtute.</p> <p class="stanza">Il ciel, la terra, lo mare e l'inferno</p> - <p>Ciascuno in sè la tua potenzia sente,</p> + <p>Ciascuno in sè la tua potenzia sente,</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">595</div> </div> @@ -32480,7 +32442,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>Le piante, i semi, e l'erbe puramente,</p> <p>Gli uccei, le fiere, i pesci con eterno</p> <p>Vapor ti senton nel tempo piacente,</p> - <p>E gli uomini e gli dei, nè creatura</p> + <p>E gli uomini e gli dei, nè creatura</p> <div class="rel"> <div class="linenum35">600</div> </div> @@ -32494,7 +32456,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net </div> <p class="lined">Di noi mortali; e il meritato fleto</p> <p>In liete feste volgi e dilettose;</p> - <p>E in mille forme già quaggiù il mandasti,</p> + <p>E in mille forme già quaggiù il mandasti,</p> <p>Quand' ora d'una ed or d'altra il pregasti.</p> </div> @@ -32517,7 +32479,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIIL27" id="TIIINL27">27</a>. 'According as a man wishes.'</p> - <p><a href="#TIIIL29" id="TIIINL29">29</a>. 'Tu in unità le case e li cittadi, Li regni, ... + <p><a href="#TIIIL29" id="TIIINL29">29</a>. 'Tu in unità le case e li cittadi, Li regni, ... Tien.'</p> <p><a href="#TIIIL31" id="TIIINL31">31-34</a>.</p> @@ -32594,7 +32556,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIIL328" id="TIIINL328">328, 329</a>. <i>drat</i>, dreadeth. Cf. 'Felix, quem faciunt aliena pericula cautum.' But Chaucer took it from Le Rom. de la Rose, 8041-2: 'Moult a - benéurée vie Cil qui par autrui se chastie.'</p> + benéurée vie Cil qui par autrui se chastie.'</p> <p><a href="#TIIIL340" id="TIIINL340">340</a>. 'And a day is appointed for making up the charters' (which will particularise what she has granted you); metaphorical.</p> @@ -32634,12 +32596,12 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIIL510" id="TIIINL510">510</a>. <i>Fulfelle</i> is a Kentish form, the <i>e</i> answering to A. S. <i>y</i>. Similar forms occur in Gower. See note to Book Duch. 438.</p> - <p><a href="#TIIIL526" id="TIIINL526">526</a>. Scan: Dréd | elées | it cleer,' &c. The sense + <p><a href="#TIIIL526" id="TIIINL526">526</a>. Scan: Dréd | elées | it cleer,' &c. The sense is: 'it was clear, in the direction of the wind, from every magpie and every spoil-sport.' I. e. no one could detect them; they kept (like hunters) well to leeward, and there were no magpies or telltale birds to windward, to give an alarm.</p> - <p><a href="#TIIIL529" id="TIIINL529">529</a>. Scan: In this matér-e, both-e frem'd. + <p><a href="#TIIIL529" id="TIIINL529">529</a>. Scan: In this matér-e, both-e frem'd. <i>fremed</i>, strange, wild.</p> <p><a href="#TIIIL542" id="TIIINL542">542</a>. <i>holy</i>, i. e. sacred to Apollo. From @@ -32698,7 +32660,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIIL671" id="TIIINL671">671</a>. <i>The wyn anon</i>, the wine (shall come) at once; alluding to the wine drunk just before going to bed. See Prol. A 819, 820.</p> - <p><a href="#TIIIL674" id="TIIINL674">674</a>. 'The <i>voidè</i> being drunk, and the + <p><a href="#TIIIL674" id="TIIINL674">674</a>. 'The <i>voidè</i> being drunk, and the cross-curtain drawn immediately afterwards.' The best reading is <i>voyde</i> or <i>voydee</i>. This seems to be here used as a name for the 'loving-cup' or 'grace-cup,' which was drunk after the table had been cleared or <i>voided</i>. Properly, it was a slight dessert of 'spices' and @@ -32728,7 +32690,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIIL716" id="TIIINL716">716</a>. Mars and Saturn both had an evil influence.</p> <p><a href="#TIIIL717" id="TIIINL717">717</a>. <i>combust</i>, quenched, viz. by being too near - the sun; see Astrolabe, pt. ii. § 4. Venus and Mercury, when thus 'combust,' lost their influence. + the sun; see Astrolabe, pt. ii. § 4. Venus and Mercury, when thus 'combust,' lost their influence. <i>let</i>, hindered.</p> <p><a href="#TIIIL721" id="TIIINL721">721</a>. <i>Adoon</i>, Adonis; see Ovid, Met. x. 715.</p> @@ -32742,7 +32704,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div><span class="pagenum" id="page479">{479}</span></div> - <p><a href="#TIIIL729" id="TIIINL729">729</a>. <i>Mercúrie</i>, Mercury; <i>Herse</i>, daughter of + <p><a href="#TIIIL729" id="TIIINL729">729</a>. <i>Mercúrie</i>, Mercury; <i>Herse</i>, daughter of Cecrops, beloved by Mercury. Her sister, Aglauros, had displeased Minerva (<i>Pallas</i>); whereupon Minerva made Aglauros envious of Herse. Mercury turned Aglauros into stone because she hindered his suit. See Ovid, Met. ii. 708-832.</p> @@ -32763,7 +32725,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIIL791" id="TIIINL791">791</a>, <a href="#TIIIL797" id="TIIINL797">797</a>. <i>shal</i>, owe to. <i>sholde love</i>, i.e. are reported to love.</p> - <p><a href="#TIIIL813" id="TIIINL813">813-836</a>. Founded on Boethius, lib. II. Pr. 4. 'Quàm + <p><a href="#TIIIL813" id="TIIINL813">813-836</a>. Founded on Boethius, lib. II. Pr. 4. 'Quà m multis amaritudinibus humanae felicitatis dulcedo respersa est!... Anxia enim res est humanorum conditio bonorum, et quae uel numquam tota proueniat, uel numquam perpetua subsistat.... Ad haec, quem caduca ista felicitas uehit, uel scit eam, uel nescit esse mutabilem. Si nescit, quaenam @@ -32776,7 +32738,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIIL853" id="TIIINL853">853, 854</a>. 'Danger is drawn nearer by delay.' We say, 'Delays are dangerous.' Cf. Havelok, l. 1352. <i>abodes</i>, abidings, tarryings.</p> - <p><a href="#TIIIL855" id="TIIINL855">855</a>. <i>Néc'</i>, with elided <i>e</i>, forms the first + <p><a href="#TIIIL855" id="TIIINL855">855</a>. <i>Néc'</i>, with elided <i>e</i>, forms the first foot. 'Every thing has its time;' cf. Eccl. iii. 1.</p> <p><a href="#TIIIL861" id="TIIINL861">861</a>. <i>farewel feldefare</i>, (and people will say) @@ -32797,7 +32759,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIIL901" id="TIIINL901">901</a>. <i>feffe him</i>, enfeoff him, bestow on him. <i>whyte</i>, fair.</p> - <p><a href="#TIIIL919" id="TIIINL919">919</a>. <i>at pryme face</i>, at the first glance; <i>primâ + <p><a href="#TIIIL919" id="TIIINL919">919</a>. <i>at pryme face</i>, at the first glance; <i>primâ facie</i>.</p> <p><a href="#TIIIL931" id="TIIINL931">931</a>. <i>At dulcarnon</i>, at a non-plus, in extreme @@ -32815,9 +32777,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>But this is not all. In l. 933, Pandarus explains that Dulcarnon is called 'fleming of wrecches.' There is a slight error here: 'fleming of wrecches,' i.e. banishment of the miserable, is a translation of <i>Fuga miserorum</i>, which is written opposite this line in MS. Harl. 1239; - and further, <i>Fuga miserorum</i> is a sort of Latin translation of <i>Eleëfuga</i> or + and further, <i>Fuga miserorum</i> is a sort of Latin translation of <i>Eleëfuga</i> or <i>Eleufuga</i>, from <span title="eleos" class="fsn">ἔλεος</span> - pity, and <span title="phygê" class="fsn">φυγή</span>, flight. The error + pity, and <span title="phygê" class="fsn">φυγή</span>, flight. The error lies in confusing <i>Dulcarnon</i>, the 47th proposition, with <i>Eleufuga</i>, a name for the 5th proposition; a confusion due to the fact that both propositions were considered difficult. Roger Bacon, Opus Tertium, cap. 6, says: 'Quinta propositio geometricae Euclidis dicitur <i>Elefuga</i>, @@ -32827,7 +32789,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net translated by J.B. Inglis in 1832. 'How many scholars has the Helleflight of Euclid repelled!'</p> <p>This explanation, partly due to the Rev. W.G. Clark (joint-editor of the Globe Shakespeare), - was first given in the <i>Athenæum</i>, Sept. 23, 1871, p. 393, in an article written by + was first given in the <i>Athenæum</i>, Sept. 23, 1871, p. 393, in an article written by myself.</p> <p><a href="#TIIIL934" id="TIIINL934">934</a>. <i>It</i>, i.e. <i>Dulcarnon</i>, or Euclid's @@ -32908,7 +32870,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIIL1257" id="TIIINL1257">1257</a>. <i>welwilly</i>, full of good will, propitious.</p> - <p><a href="#TIIIL1258" id="TIIINL1258">1258</a>. <i>Imeneus</i>, Hymenæus, Hymen; cf. Ovid, Her. + <p><a href="#TIIIL1258" id="TIIINL1258">1258</a>. <i>Imeneus</i>, Hymenæus, Hymen; cf. Ovid, Her. xiv. 27.</p> <p><a href="#TIIIL1261" id="TIIINL1261">1261-4</a>. Imitated from Dante, Parad. xxxiii. 14<span @@ -32917,7 +32879,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="poem"> <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'Che qual vuol grazie, e a te non ricorre,</p> <p>Sua disianza vuol volar senz' ali.</p> - <p>La tua benignità non pur soccorre,' &c.</p> + <p>La tua benignità non pur soccorre,' &c.</p> </div> <p><a href="#TIIIL1282" id="TIIINL1282">1282</a>. 'Mercy prevails over (lit. surpasses) @@ -33012,7 +32974,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIIL1577" id="TIIINL1577">1577</a>. 'Christ forgave those who crucified him.'</p> - <p><a href="#TIIIL1600" id="TIIINL1600">1600</a>. Cf. Æneid. vi. 550<span + <p><a href="#TIIIL1600" id="TIIINL1600">1600</a>. Cf. Æneid. vi. 550<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> <div class="poem"> @@ -33043,7 +33005,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <i>comprehende</i>, it is obvious that <i>comprende</i> is the real reading.</p> <p><a href="#TIIIL1703" id="TIIINL1703">1703</a>. <i>Pirous</i>, i. e. Pyroeis, one of the - four horses that drew the chariot of the sun. The other three were Eöus, Æthon, and Phlegon; see + four horses that drew the chariot of the sun. The other three were Eöus, Æthon, and Phlegon; see Ovid, Met. ii. 153.</p> <p><a href="#TIIIL1705" id="TIIINL1705">1705</a>. 'Have taken some short cut, to spite me.'</p> @@ -33058,15 +33020,15 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net but note that the lines italicised are transposed, and represent ll. 1744-1750:</p> <div class="poem"> - <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'Quòd mundus stabili fide Concordes uariat uices,</p> - <p>Quòd pugnantia semina Foedus perpetuum tenent,</p> - <p>Quòd Phoebus roseum diem Curru prouehit aureo,</p> + <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'Quòd mundus stabili fide Concordes uariat uices,</p> + <p>Quòd pugnantia semina Foedus perpetuum tenent,</p> + <p>Quòd Phoebus roseum diem Curru prouehit aureo,</p> <p>Ut quas duxerit Hesperus Phoebe noctibus imperet,</p> - <p>Ut fluctus auidum mare Certo fine coërceat,</p> + <p>Ut fluctus auidum mare Certo fine coërceat,</p> <p>Ne terris liceat uagis Latos tendere terminos.</p> <p><i>Hanc rerum seriem ligat, Terras ac pelagus regens,</i></p> <p><i>Et caelo imperitans Amor.</i> Hic si fraena remiserit,</p> - <p>Quidquid nunc amat inuicem, Bellum continuò geret:</p> + <p>Quidquid nunc amat inuicem, Bellum continuò geret:</p> <p>Et quam nunc socia fide Pulcris motibus incitant,</p> <p>Certent soluere machinam. Hic sancto populos quoque</p> <p>Iunctos foedere continet: Hic et coniugii sacrum</p> @@ -33077,7 +33039,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIIIL1764" id="TIIINL1764">1764</a>. <i>halt to-hepe</i>, holds together, preserves in concord. Bell and Morris have the corrupt reading <i>to kepe</i>. <i>To hepe</i>, to a heap, - became the adv. <i>to-hepe</i>, together. It occurs again in Ch. Astrolabe, Part I. § 14, and in + became the adv. <i>to-hepe</i>, together. It occurs again in Ch. Astrolabe, Part I. § 14, and in Boethius, Bk. iv. Pr. 6. 182. Cf. 'gaderen tresor <i>to-hepe</i>,' Polit. Songs, ed. Wright, p. 325; 'han brought it <i>to-hepe</i>,' P. Ploughman's Crede, l. 727.</p> @@ -33092,7 +33054,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Pers. Tale.</p> <p><a href="#TIIIL1807" id="TIIINL1807">1807</a>. <i>lady</i>, i. e. Venus, called - <i>Dionaea</i> as being daughter of Dione; Æneid. iii. 19. Cf. Homer, Il. v. 370.</p> + <i>Dionaea</i> as being daughter of Dione; Æneid. iii. 19. Cf. Homer, Il. v. 370.</p> <div><span class="pagenum" id="page484">{484}</span></div> @@ -33196,11 +33158,11 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIVL22" id="TIVNL22">22</a>. <i>Herines</i> i. e. Furies; used as the pl. of <i>Erynis</i> or <i>Erinnys</i>; see note to Compl. to Pite, 92. Their names (see l. 24) were Megaera, Alecto, and Tisiphone. Bell's remark, that Chaucer found these names in Boccaccio, does - not seem to be founded on fact. He more likely found them in Vergil, who has <i>Erinnys</i>, Æn. - ii. 336, 573; vii. 447, 570; <i>Alecto</i>, id. vii. 324, 341, 405, 415, 445, 476; <i>Megæra</i>, + not seem to be founded on fact. He more likely found them in Vergil, who has <i>Erinnys</i>, Æn. + ii. 336, 573; vii. 447, 570; <i>Alecto</i>, id. vii. 324, 341, 405, 415, 445, 476; <i>Megæra</i>, id. xii. 846; <i>Tisiphone</i>, vi. 571, x. 761. But I suppose that, even in Chaucer's time, MS. note-books existed, containing such information as the names of the Furies. Chaucer even knew that - some (as Æschylus) considered them to be the daughters of Night.</p> + some (as Æschylus) considered them to be the daughters of Night.</p> <div><span class="pagenum" id="page485">{485}</span></div> @@ -33234,11 +33196,11 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Destruction of Troy, ed. Panton and Donaldson; as Antenor and his son Polydamas, at ll. 3947, 3954; Xanthippus, king of Phrygia, l. 6107; Sarpedon, prince of Lycia, l. 5448; and in Lydgate's Siege of Troy, Bk. ii. capp. 16, 20. Polymestor, or Polymnestor, was king of the Thracian - Chersonese, and an ally of the Trojans. Polites was a son of Priam (Æneid. ii. 526). Mnestheus is - repeatedly mentioned in Vergil (Æn. v. 116, &c.), and is also called Menestheus (id. x. 129); + Chersonese, and an ally of the Trojans. Polites was a son of Priam (Æneid. ii. 526). Mnestheus is + repeatedly mentioned in Vergil (Æn. v. 116, &c.), and is also called Menestheus (id. x. 129); he is a different person from Menestheus, king of Athens, who fought on the other side. For Riphaeus, see Verg. Aen. ii. 339. The Ital. forms are Antenorre, Polidamas, Monesteo, Santippo, - Serpedon, Polinestorre, Polite, Rifeo. Observe that Monostéo, Riphéo, Phebuséo rime together, with + Serpedon, Polinestorre, Polite, Rifeo. Observe that Monostéo, Riphéo, Phebuséo rime together, with an accent on the penultimate.</p> <p><a href="#TIVL62" id="TIVNL62">62</a>. <i>thassege</i>, for <i>the assege</i>, the siege; @@ -33251,7 +33213,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net for you) to despoil this town.</p> <p><a href="#TIVL86" id="TIVNL86">86</a>. <i>resport</i>, regard. This strange word is certified - by its reappearance in l. 850, where it rimes to <i>discomfórt</i>. It is given in Roquefort, but + by its reappearance in l. 850, where it rimes to <i>discomfórt</i>. It is given in Roquefort, but only in a technical sense. It was, doubtless, formed from O. F. <i>esport</i>, deportment, demeanour, regard (Godefroy), by prefixing <i>re-</i>; and means 'demeanour towards,' or (here) simply 'regard,' as also in <span class="pagenum" id="page486">{486}</span>l. 850. The etymology @@ -33311,7 +33273,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net phrase may mean 'gentle and savage.' The M. E. <i>here</i>, gentle, occurs in Layamon, 25867; and in Amis and Amiloun, 16 (Stratmann); from A. S. <i>hēore</i>. <i>Houne</i> answers, phonetically, to an A. S. <i>Hūna</i>, which may mean a Hun, a savage; cf. Ger. - <i>Hüne</i>.</p> + <i>Hüne</i>.</p> <p><a href="#TIVL225" id="TIVNL225">225</a>. From Dante, Inf. iii. 112<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> @@ -33328,9 +33290,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net in his turn, here imitates a passage in Dante, Inf. xii. 22<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> <div class="poem"> - <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'Qual è quel toro che si slaccia in quella</p> - <p>C'ha ricevuto già 'l colpo mortale,</p> - <p>Che gir non sa, ma qua e là saltella.'</p> + <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'Qual è quel toro che si slaccia in quella</p> + <p>C'ha ricevuto già 'l colpo mortale,</p> + <p>Che gir non sa, ma qua e là saltella.'</p> </div> <p><a href="#TIVL251" id="TIVNL251">251, 2</a>. Almost repeated in the Clerk Ta. E 902, 3; see @@ -33340,7 +33302,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIVL263" id="TIVNL263">263</a>. In MS. H., <i>thus</i> is glossed by 'sine causa.'</p> - <p><a href="#TIVL272" id="TIVNL272">272</a>. Accent <i>misérie</i> on <i>e</i>; 'Nella miseria;' + <p><a href="#TIVL272" id="TIVNL272">272</a>. Accent <i>misérie</i> on <i>e</i>; 'Nella miseria;' Inf. v. 123.</p> <p><a href="#TIVL279" id="TIVNL279">279</a>. <i>combre-world</i>, encumbrance of the world, a @@ -33418,7 +33380,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p style="margin-left:2.60em">'Ettle zhan't ha' narrun.'</p> </div> - <p>i.e. nettle shan't have ne'er one. See also N. and Q. 1st Ser. iii. 205, 368; xi. 92; Athenæum, + <p>i.e. nettle shan't have ne'er one. See also N. and Q. 1st Ser. iii. 205, 368; xi. 92; Athenæum, Sept. 12, 1846; Brand, Pop. Antiq. iii. 315.</p> <p>In the Testament of Love, Bk. i., the present passage is quoted in the following form: 'Ye wete @@ -33462,7 +33424,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIVL588" id="TIVNL588">588</a>. Cf. the phrase 'a nine days' wonder.' Lat. <i>nouendiale sacrum</i>; Livy, i. 31.</p> - <p><a href="#TIVL600" id="TIVNL600">600</a>. 'Audentes Fortuna iuuat;' Æneid. x. 284; 'Fortes + <p><a href="#TIVL600" id="TIVNL600">600</a>. 'Audentes Fortuna iuuat;' Æneid. x. 284; 'Fortes Fortuna adiuuat'; Terence, Phormio, i. 4. 26.</p> <p><a href="#TIVL602" id="TIVNL602">602</a>. 'Unhardy is unsely;' Reves Ta. A 4210.</p> @@ -33486,7 +33448,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIVL630" id="TIVNL630">630</a>. 'The devil help him that cares about it.'</p> - <p><a href="#TIVL659" id="TIVNL659">659-61</a>. From Boccaccio, Fil. iv. st. 78; cf. Æneid. iv. + <p><a href="#TIVL659" id="TIVNL659">659-61</a>. From Boccaccio, Fil. iv. st. 78; cf. Æneid. iv. 188.</p> <p><a href="#TIVL683" id="TIVNL683">683</a>. 'And expected to please her.' <i>For pitous Ioye</i> @@ -33601,7 +33563,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIVL996" id="TIVNL996">996</a>. I.e. who have received the tonsure.</p> <p><a href="#TIVL997" id="TIVNL997">997-1001</a>. 'Aiunt enim, non ideo quid esse euenturum, - quoniam id prouidentia futurum esse prospexerit: sed è contrario potius, quoniam quid futurum est, + quoniam id prouidentia futurum esse prospexerit: sed è contrario potius, quoniam quid futurum est, id diuinam prouidentiam latere non posse;' Boeth. v. Pr. 3. 1002-1008 (<i>continued</i>): 'eoque modo necessarium hoc in contrariam relabi partem. Neque enim necesse est contingere, quae prouidentur; sed necesse esse, quae futura sunt, prouideri.' 1009-1015 <span class="pagenum" @@ -33615,15 +33577,15 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Surely he has taken <i>nitamur</i> as if it were <i>uitamus</i>.)</p> <p><a href="#TIVL1023" id="TIVNL1023">1023-9</a>. (<i>continued</i>): 'Etenim si quispiam sedeat, - opinionem quae eum sedere coniectat ueram esse necesse est: atque è conuerso rursus, (1030-6) si + opinionem quae eum sedere coniectat ueram esse necesse est: atque è conuerso rursus, (1030-6) si de quopiam uera sit opinio, quoniam sedet, eum sedere necesse est. In utroque igitur necessitas - inest: in hoc quidem sedendi, at uerò in altero ueritatis.' 1037-1047 (<i>continued</i>): 'Sed non + inest: in hoc quidem sedendi, at uerò in altero ueritatis.' 1037-1047 (<i>continued</i>): 'Sed non idcirco quisque sedet, quoniam uera est opinio; sed haec potius uera est, quoniam quempiam sedere - praecessit. Ita cùm caussa ueritatis ex altera parte procedat, inest tamen communis in utraque + praecessit. Ita cùm caussa ueritatis ex altera parte procedat, inest tamen communis in utraque necessitas. Similia de prouidentia futurisque rebus ratiocinari patet.' 1051-78 (<i>continued</i>): 'Nam etiam si idcirco, quoniam futura sunt, prouidentur; non uero ideo, - quoniam prouidentur eueniunt: nihilo minus tamen à Deo uel uentura prouideri, uel prouisa euenire - necesse est: quod ad perimendam arbitrii libertatem solùm satis est. Iam uero quam praeposterum + quoniam prouidentur eueniunt: nihilo minus tamen à Deo uel uentura prouideri, uel prouisa euenire + necesse est: quod ad perimendam arbitrii libertatem solùm satis est. Iam uero quam praeposterum est, ut aeternae praescientiae temporalium rerum euentus caussa esse dicatur? Quid est autem aliud arbitrari, ideo Deum futura, quoniam sunt euentura, prouidere, quam putare quae olim acciderunt, caussam summae illius esse prouidentiae? Ad haec, sicuti cum quid esse scio, id ipsum esse necesse @@ -33665,8 +33627,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <i>praegnans</i>.</p> <p><a href="#TIVL1181" id="TIVNL1181">1181</a>. <i>woon</i>, hope, resource. This answers to Early - E. <i>wān</i> (see Stratmann), and is allied to Icel. <i>ván</i>, hope, expectation; cf. - Icel. <i>væna</i>, to hope for, to ween. The word is monosyllabic, and the long <i>o</i> is + E. <i>wān</i> (see Stratmann), and is allied to Icel. <i>ván</i>, hope, expectation; cf. + Icel. <i>væna</i>, to hope for, to ween. The word is monosyllabic, and the long <i>o</i> is 'open,' as shewn by its riming with <i>noon</i>, <i>goon</i>, from A. S. <i>nān</i>, <i>gān</i>. Bell quite fails to explain it, and Morris suggests 'remedy,' without assigning any reason. It is common in Rob. of Gloucester, with similar rimes, and does not mean 'custom' or @@ -33684,7 +33646,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TIVL1188" id="TIVNL1188">1188</a>. 'Where the doom of Minos would assign it a place.' Boccaccio here uses the word <i>inferno</i> (Fil. iv. 120) to denote the place where Troilus' soul would dwell; which Rossetti explains to mean simply Hades. Chaucer's meaning is the same; he is - referring to Æneid. vi. 431-3.</p> + referring to Æneid. vi. 431-3.</p> <p><a href="#TIVL1208" id="TIVNL1208">1208</a>. Atropos is the Fate who cuts the thread of life; see note to v. 7.</p> @@ -33774,7 +33736,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <i>Satyri</i>, and <i>Nymphae</i> are described as 'ruricolae, siluarum numina.' For <i>halve goddes</i>, we now say <i>demigods</i>.</p> - <p><a href="#TIVL1548" id="TIVNL1548">1548</a>. <i>Simois</i>, a river of Troas; Æneid. i. + <p><a href="#TIVL1548" id="TIVNL1548">1548</a>. <i>Simois</i>, a river of Troas; Æneid. i. 100.</p> <p><a href="#TIVL1560" id="TIVNL1560">1560</a>. <i>laye</i>, would lie; subj. The <i>e</i> is @@ -33832,7 +33794,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <i>popolesco</i>, which Rossetti translates by 'low-bred.' Florio's Ital. Dict. has: '<i>popolesco</i>, popular, of the common people.'</p> - <p class="sp3"><a href="#TIVL1682" id="TIVNL1682">1682</a>. <i>fórtun-è</i> is trisyllabic.</p> + <p class="sp3"><a href="#TIVL1682" id="TIVNL1682">1682</a>. <i>fórtun-è</i> is trisyllabic.</p> <h2>BOOK V.</h2> @@ -33979,8 +33941,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TVL12" id="TVNL12">12</a>, <a href="#TVL13" id="TVNL13">13</a>. <i>sone of Hecuba</i>, Troilus; <i>hir</i>, Criseyde.</p> - <p><a href="#TVL15" id="TVNL15">15-9</a>. Note that ll. 15, 17 rime on <i>-éde</i>, with close - <i>e</i>, but ll. 16, 18, 19 rime on <i>-ède</i>, with open <i>e</i>. Cf. Anelida, 299-307.</p> + <p><a href="#TVL15" id="TVNL15">15-9</a>. Note that ll. 15, 17 rime on <i>-éde</i>, with close + <i>e</i>, but ll. 16, 18, 19 rime on <i>-ède</i>, with open <i>e</i>. Cf. Anelida, 299-307.</p> <p><a href="#TVL22" id="TVNL22">22-6</a>. Lines 22, 24 rime on <i>-ōre</i>, with long close <i>o</i>; ll. 23, 25, 26 on <i>-ŏre</i>, with (original) short open <i>o</i>.</p> @@ -34001,7 +33963,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net restored to Troy in exchange for Thoas and Criseyde.</p> <p><a href="#TVL88" id="TVNL88">88</a>. <i>sone of Tydeus</i>, i. e. Diomede, often called - <i>Tydides</i>; as in Æneid. i. 97, 471, &c.</p> + <i>Tydides</i>; as in Æneid. i. 97, 471, &c.</p> <p><a href="#TVL89" id="TVNL89">89</a>. To know one's creed is very elementary knowledge.</p> @@ -34034,11 +33996,11 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net see <i>siȝen</i> in Stratmann.</p> <p><a href="#TVL194" id="TVNL194">194</a>. <i>mewet</i>, mute; as in the Court of Love, 148. - <i>Mewet</i>, <i>muwet</i>, or <i>muet</i> is from the O. F. <i>muët</i>, orig. dissyllabic, and + <i>Mewet</i>, <i>muwet</i>, or <i>muet</i> is from the O. F. <i>muët</i>, orig. dissyllabic, and answering to a Low Lat. diminutive type <i>*mutettum</i>. The E. word is now obsolete, being displaced by the simple form <i>mute</i>, borrowed directly from Lat. <i>mutus</i>, which in O. F. became <i>mu</i>. <i>Mute</i> is common in Shakespeare. Lydgate has: 'And also clos and - <i>muët</i> as a stone;' Siege of Thebes, pt. iii. § 8. In Merlin, ed. Wheatley, p. 172, we find + <i>muët</i> as a stone;' Siege of Thebes, pt. iii. § 8. In Merlin, ed. Wheatley, p. 172, we find 'stille and <i>mewet</i> as though thei hadde be dombe.'</p> <p>The <i>-e</i> in <i>mild-e</i> is not elided; the A. S. <i>milde</i> is dissyllabic.</p> @@ -34048,7 +34010,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TVL212" id="TVNL212">212</a>. The <i>-ie</i> in <i>furie</i> is rapidly slurred over. <i>Ixion</i> is accented on the <i>first</i> syllable. Ixion was bound, in hell, to an - ever-revolving wheel; Georg. iii. 38; Æn. vi. 601.</p> + ever-revolving wheel; Georg. iii. 38; Æn. vi. 601.</p> <p><a href="#TVL249" id="TVNL249">249</a>. <i>as mete</i>, as (for instance) dream; see l. 251.</p> @@ -34056,8 +34018,8 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TVL283" id="TVNL283">283</a>. 'Although he had sworn (to do so) on forfeit of his head.'</p> - <p><a href="#TVL304" id="TVNL304">304</a>. <i>pálestrál</i>, i.e. games consisting of - wrestling-matches and similar contests; from Lat. <i>palaestra</i>; see Verg. Æn. iii. 280, 281; + <p><a href="#TVL304" id="TVNL304">304</a>. <i>pálestrál</i>, i.e. games consisting of + wrestling-matches and similar contests; from Lat. <i>palaestra</i>; see Verg. Æn. iii. 280, 281; and G. Douglas, ed. Small, vol. iii. p. 52, l. 24. There is a description of such games, held at a funeral, in Statius, Theb. vi., which is imitated by Chaucer in the Knightes Tale; see note to A 2863. <i>Vigile</i> (l. 305) is the same as Chaucer's <i>liche-wake</i>; see note to A 2958.</p> @@ -34104,7 +34066,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TVL421" id="TVNL421">421</a>. <i>of fyne force</i>, by very necessity.</p> - <p><a href="#TVL451" id="TVNL451">451</a>. I read 'piëtous,' as in MS. H., not 'pitous,' for the + <p><a href="#TVL451" id="TVNL451">451</a>. I read 'piëtous,' as in MS. H., not 'pitous,' for the sake of the metre, as in Bk. iii. 1444; cf. <i>pietee</i>, id. 1033. Perhaps Chaucer was thinking of the Ital. <i>pietoso</i>. We also find the spelling <i>pitevous</i>, for which form there is sufficient authority; see Wyclif, 2 Tim. iii. 12, Titus ii. 12; Rob. of Glouc. ed. Wright, 5884 @@ -34167,7 +34129,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TVL805" id="TVNL805">805</a>. In Lydgate's Siege of Troye, we are told that Diomede brought 80 ships with him 'fro Calidonye and Arge;' Bk. ii. ch. 16, in the catalogue of the ships. The English alliterative Romance omits this passage. <i>Arge</i> is the town of Argos, ruled over - by Diomede; Homer, Il. ii. 559. <i>Calidoine</i> is Calydon, in Ætolia, of which city Tydeus, + by Diomede; Homer, Il. ii. 559. <i>Calidoine</i> is Calydon, in Ætolia, of which city Tydeus, father of Diomede, was king; see l. 934, and ll. 1513-5 below.</p> <p><a href="#TVL806" id="TVNL806">806</a>. This description seems to be mainly Chaucer's own. It @@ -34200,7 +34162,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TVL892" id="TVNL892">892</a>. <i>Manes</i>, the departed spirits or shades of the dead. He means that even these will dread the Greeks. The idea that they are the 'gods of pain' is - taken from Vergil, Æn. vi. 743; cf. Statius, Theb. viii. 84. Boccaccio merely has 'tra' morti in + taken from Vergil, Æn. vi. 743; cf. Statius, Theb. viii. 84. Boccaccio merely has 'tra' morti in inferno'; Fil. vi. st. 16.</p> <p><a href="#TVL897" id="TVNL897">897</a>. <i>ambages</i>, ambiguities; adapted from Boccaccio's @@ -34220,7 +34182,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TVL971" id="TVNL971">971</a>. <i>Orcades</i>, the Orkney islands, very remote from Rome; Juvenal, Sat. ii. 161. <i>Inde</i>, India, remote from Rome in the other direction; Vergil, - Æn. vi. 794. Here the point of view is transferred from Rome to Troy.</p> + Æn. vi. 794. Here the point of view is transferred from Rome to Troy.</p> <p><a href="#TVL975" id="TVNL975">975</a>. She was a widow; Bk. i. 97. In l. 977, she lies boldly.</p> @@ -34245,7 +34207,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Leo. This was now on the point of happening; the moon was leaving Leo, to pass into Virgo.</p> <p><a href="#TVL1020" id="TVNL1020">1020</a>. <i>Signifer</i>, the 'sign-bearer,' the zodiac. - 'This forseide hevenish zodiak is cleped the cercle of the signes;' Astrolabe, pt. i. § 21. The + 'This forseide hevenish zodiak is cleped the cercle of the signes;' Astrolabe, pt. i. § 21. The zodiac extended, north and south, to the breadth of 6 degrees on both sides of the ecliptic line, thus forming a belt 12 degrees wide. This included numerous bright stars, such as Regulus (<span title="a" class="fsn">α</span> Leonis) and Spica Virginis (<span title="a" @@ -34315,7 +34277,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net 'bonny sweet Robin is all my joy;' Haml. iv. 5. 187.</p> <p><a href="#TVL1176" id="TVNL1176">1176</a>. Another proverbial saying, <i>ferne yere</i>, last - year; see <i>fern, fürn</i>, in Stratmann, and cf. A. S. <i>fyrngēarum frōd</i>, + year; see <i>fern, fürn</i>, in Stratmann, and cf. A. S. <i>fyrngēarum frōd</i>, wise with the experience of past years, Phœnix, 219. Last year's snow will not be seen again.</p> @@ -34351,7 +34313,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TVL1433" id="TVNL1433">1433</a>. See the parallel line, Kn. Ta. A 1838, and note.</p> <p><a href="#TVL1450" id="TVNL1450">1450</a>. <i>Sibille</i>, the Sibyl, the prophetess; not here - a proper name, but an epithet of Cassandra. Cf. Æneid. vi. 98.</p> + a proper name, but an epithet of Cassandra. Cf. Æneid. vi. 98.</p> <p><a href="#TVL1464" id="TVNL1464">1464</a>. (Ll. 1457-1512 are not in Boccaccio.) The story of Meleager and the Calydonian boar-hunt is told at length in Ovid, Met. viii. 271, &c.; whence @@ -34374,7 +34336,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><span class="sc">Book I.</span> Polynices and Tydeus meet, and become allies.</p> <p>II. Tydeus sets out on an embassy to Eteocles at Thebes, and escapes an ambush by the way (ll. - 1485-1491). He spares Mæon, one of his 50 assailants, and sends him to Thebes with the news, + 1485-1491). He spares Mæon, one of his 50 assailants, and sends him to Thebes with the news, whilst he himself returns to Argos instead of proceeding to Thebes (1492-3).</p> <p>III. Maeon (also called Haemonides, as being the son of Haemon, Bk. iii. l. 42) returns to @@ -34453,11 +34415,11 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p><a href="#TVL1545" id="TVNL1545">1545</a>. <i>smitted</i>, smutted, disgraced; cf. l. 1546.</p> - <p><a href="#TVL1548" id="TVNL1548">1548</a>. <i>fyn of the paródie</i>, end of the period. + <p><a href="#TVL1548" id="TVNL1548">1548</a>. <i>fyn of the paródie</i>, end of the period. Chaucer, not being a Greek scholar, has somewhat mistaken the form of the word; but, in MS. H., <i>parodie</i> is duly glossed by 'duracion,' shewing the sense intended. It is from the O. F. - fem. sb. <i>perióde</i>, or <i>peryóde</i>, of which Littré gives an example in the 14th century: - '<i>Peryode</i> est le temps et la mesure de la <i>duracion</i> d'une chose;' Oresme, Thèse de + fem. sb. <i>perióde</i>, or <i>peryóde</i>, of which Littré gives an example in the 14th century: + '<i>Peryode</i> est le temps et la mesure de la <i>duracion</i> d'une chose;' Oresme, Thèse de Meunier. Chaucer, being more familiar with the prefix <i>per-</i> than with the Greek <span title="peri-" class="fsn">περι-</span>, has dropped the <i>i</i>; and the confusion between <i>per-</i> and <i>par-</i> is extremely common, because both prefixes were @@ -34471,12 +34433,12 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net class="wnw">:—</span></p> <div class="poem"> - <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'When the <i>paródye</i> of this worthy knyght [Hector]</p> + <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'When the <i>paródye</i> of this worthy knyght [Hector]</p> <p>Aproche shall, without[e] wordes mo,</p> <p>Into the fyelde playnly if he go.'</p> <p style="margin-left:3.15em">Siege of Troye, Bk. iii. ch. 27; ed. 1557, fol. R 6.</p> <p style="margin-left:-0.20em" class="stanza">'And how that he [Ulysses] might[e] not escape</p> - <p>The <i>párodýe</i> that was for hym shape;</p> + <p>The <i>párodýe</i> that was for hym shape;</p> <p>For Parchas haue his last[e] <i>terme</i> set,' &c.</p> <p style="margin-left:10.15em">Id., Bk. v. ch. 38; fol. Dd 3.</p> </div> @@ -34530,12 +34492,12 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net xii. 816<span class="wnw">:—</span></p> <div class="poem"> - <p style="margin-left:3.30em">'nec tu diuinam Æneida tenta,</p> + <p style="margin-left:3.30em">'nec tu diuinam Æneida tenta,</p> <p>Sed longe sequere, et <i>uestigia semper adora</i>.'</p> </div> <p>The sense is—'And kiss their footsteps, wherever you see Vergil, &c. pass along.' The - reading <i>space</i> is ridiculous; and, in l. 1792, the names <i>Virgíle</i>, &c., are + reading <i>space</i> is ridiculous; and, in l. 1792, the names <i>VirgÃle</i>, &c., are accented on the second syllable. <i>Steppes</i> means 'foot-prints,' Lat. <i>uestigia</i>; see Leg. Good Women, 2209.</p> @@ -34564,20 +34526,20 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="poem"> <p style="margin-left:-0.20em">'Finito Arcita colei nominando</p> - <p>La qual nel mondo più che altro amava,</p> - <p>L'anima lieve se ne gì volando</p> - <p>Vêr la concavità del cielo ottava:</p> + <p>La qual nel mondo più che altro amava,</p> + <p>L'anima lieve se ne gì volando</p> + <p>Vêr la concavità del cielo ottava:</p> <p>Degli elementi i conuessi lasciando,</p> <p>Quivi le stelle erratiche ammirava ...</p> <p>Suoni ascoltando pieni di dolcezza.</p> - <p class="stanza">Quindi si volse in giù a rimirare</p> + <p class="stanza">Quindi si volse in giù a rimirare</p> <p>Le cose abbandonate, e vide il poco</p> <p>Globo terreno, a cui d'intorno il mare</p> <p>Girava ...</p> <p>Ed ogni cosa da nulla stimare</p> <p>A respetto del ciel; e in fine al loco</p> - <p>Là dove aveva il corpo suo lasciato</p> - <p>Gli occhi fermò alquanto rivoltato.</p> + <p>Là dove aveva il corpo suo lasciato</p> + <p>Gli occhi fermò alquanto rivoltato.</p> <p class="stanza">E fece risa de' pianti dolenti</p> <p>Della turba lernea; la vanitate</p> <p>Forte dannando delle umane genti,</p> @@ -34588,7 +34550,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <p>Nel loco a cui Mercurio la sortio.'</p> </div> - <p><i>holownesse</i> translates 'concavità.' For <i>seventh</i>, B. has 'ottava,' eighth. The + <p><i>holownesse</i> translates 'concavità .' For <i>seventh</i>, B. has 'ottava,' eighth. The seventh sphere is that of Saturn, from which he might be supposed to observe the motion of Saturn and of all the inferior planets. But surely <i>eighth</i> is more correct; else there is no special sense in 'holownesse.' The eighth sphere is that of the fixed stars; and by taking up a @@ -34634,7 +34596,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net important place in the history of medieval logic. He was also famous in his time as a controversialist with Wiclif, and from Wiclif MSS., still unprinted, it is possible to gain some insight into Strode's religious views.' He was, perhaps, related to the philosopher N. Strode, who - is mentioned at the end of pt. ii. § 40 of the Treatise on the Astrolabe as being the tutor, at + is mentioned at the end of pt. ii. § 40 of the Treatise on the Astrolabe as being the tutor, at Oxford, of Chaucer's son Lewis.</p> <p><a href="#TVL1863" id="TVNL1863">1863-5</a>. From Dante, Paradiso, xiv. 28-30<span @@ -34673,14 +34635,14 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net his chamber; and all other estates to goe into their chambers, or where it shall please them,' &c.: p. 111; in Articles ordained by King Henry VII.</p> - <p>At p. 113, there are minute directions as to the <i>voidè</i>. The chamberlain and others fetch + <p>At p. 113, there are minute directions as to the <i>voidè</i>. The chamberlain and others fetch a towel, the cups, and the spice-plates; the king and the bishop take 'spice and wine,' and afterwards the lords and people are served 'largely' with spice and wine also; after which the cups are removed. At p. 36, we read: 'the bourde <i>avoyded</i> [cleared] when wafyrs come with - ypocras, or with other swete wynes. The King never taketh a <i>voyd</i> [read <i>voydè</i>] of + ypocras, or with other swete wynes. The King never taketh a <i>voyd</i> [read <i>voydè</i>] of comfites and other spices, but standing.' At p. 121: 'as for the voide on twelfth day at night, the King and Queene ought to take it in the halle.' At the Coronation of Queen Anne Boleyn, there - was a voidè 'of spice-plates and wine'; English Garner, ed. Arber, ii. 50.</p> + was a voidè 'of spice-plates and wine'; English Garner, ed. Arber, ii. 50.</p> <p class="sp3">The <i>voidee</i> was, in fact, a sort of dessert. The word <i>spices</i> included many things besides what it now implies. In the Ordinances above-mentioned, there is a list of @@ -34702,7 +34664,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <td class="pl2 pr2 pt2"> <p class="sp3 ac" style="margin-bottom:3.6ex;"><span class="smaller">In two Volumes, demy 8vo, pp. civ + 1112, uniform with this<br/> - Edition, price £1 11s. 6d.</span></p> + Edition, price £1 11s. 6d.</span></p> <p class="ac" style="margin-bottom:1.5ex;"><span class="gsp">THE VISION OF WILLIAM</span></p> <p class="ac" style="margin-bottom:1ex;"><span class="xx-smaller">CONCERNING</span></p> @@ -34865,13 +34827,13 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="foot"> <a class="fnote" id="Nt_11" href="#NtA_11">[11]</a> - <p>MS. Harl. 44 (Wülker); <i>not</i> MS. Harl. 43, as in Warton, who has confused this MS. with + <p>MS. Harl. 44 (Wülker); <i>not</i> MS. Harl. 43, as in Warton, who has confused this MS. with that next mentioned.</p> </div> <div class="foot"> <a class="fnote" id="Nt_12" href="#NtA_12">[12]</a> - <p>MS. Harl. 43 (Wülker); <i>not</i> MS. Harl. 44, as in Warton.</p> + <p>MS. Harl. 43 (Wülker); <i>not</i> MS. Harl. 44, as in Warton.</p> </div> <div class="foot"> @@ -35093,7 +35055,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="foot"> <a class="fnote" id="Nt_47" href="#NtA_47">[47]</a> - <p>For a fuller comparison with this poem, see § <a href="#stro21">21</a> below; p. <a + <p>For a fuller comparison with this poem, see § <a href="#stro21">21</a> below; p. <a href="#pagelxv">lxv</a>.</p> </div> @@ -35123,9 +35085,9 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net passage is quoted at p. 137, from Book XIII of Guido, which says that Terranova, on the S. coast of Sicily, was also called 'columpne Herculis,' and Gorra suggests that this was the place whence Guido derived his name 'delle Colonne.' At any rate, Guido was much interested in these - 'columns'; see Lydgate, Siege of Troye, fol. M 4. I think <i>Tropæus</i>, from Gk. <span + 'columns'; see Lydgate, Siege of Troye, fol. M 4. I think <i>Tropæus</i>, from Gk. <span title="tropaia" class="fsn">τροπαῖα</span>, may refer to - these <i>columnæ</i>; or Guido may have been connected with <i>Tropea</i>, on the W. coast of + these <i>columnæ</i>; or Guido may have been connected with <i>Tropea</i>, on the W. coast of Calabria, less than fifty miles from Messina, where he was a judge.</p> </div> @@ -35161,7 +35123,7 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net <div class="foot"> <a class="fnote" id="Nt_57" href="#NtA_57">[57]</a> <p>I. e. glove; from Gk. <span title="cheir" class="fsn">χείρ</span>, - hand, and <span title="thêkê" class="fsn">θήκη</span>, case.</p> + hand, and <span title="thêkê" class="fsn">θήκη</span>, case.</p> </div> <div class="foot"> @@ -35225,381 +35187,6 @@ Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net stupid.</p> </div> - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 (of 7), by -Geoffrey Chaucer - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHAUCER'S WORKS, VOLUME 2 (OF 7) *** - -***** This file should be named 44833-h.htm or 44833-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/4/8/3/44833/ - -Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, -set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to -copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to -protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project -Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you -charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you -do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the -rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose -such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and -research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do -practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is -subject to the trademark license, especially commercial -redistribution. - - - -*** START: FULL LICENSE *** - -THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE -PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK - -To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free -distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work -(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project -Gutenberg-tm License available with this file or online at - www.gutenberg.org/license. - - -Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works - -1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to -and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property -(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all -the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy -all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. -If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the -terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or -entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. - -1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be -used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who -agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few -things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See -paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement -and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. See paragraph 1.E below. - -1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" -or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the -collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an -individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are -located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from -copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative -works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg -are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project -Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by -freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of -this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with -the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by -keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project -Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. - -1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern -what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in -a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check -the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement -before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or -creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project -Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning -the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United -States. - -1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: - -1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate -access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently -whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the -phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project -Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, -copied or distributed: - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - -1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived -from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is -posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied -and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees -or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work -with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the -work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 -through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the -Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or -1.E.9. - -1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted -with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution -must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional -terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked -to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the -permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. - -1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this -work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. - -1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this -electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without -prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with -active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project -Gutenberg-tm License. - -1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, -compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any -word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or -distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than -"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version -posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), -you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a -copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon -request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other -form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. - -1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, -performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works -unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing -access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided -that - -- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from - the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method - you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is - owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he - has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the - Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments - must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you - prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax - returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and - sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the - address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to - the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." - -- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies - you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he - does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm - License. You must require such a user to return or - destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium - and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of - Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any - money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the - electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days - of receipt of the work. - -- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free - distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set -forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from -both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael -Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the -Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. - -1.F. - -1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable -effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread -public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm -collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain -"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or -corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual -property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a -computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by -your equipment. - -1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right -of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project -Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all -liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal -fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT -LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE -PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE -TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE -LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR -INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH -DAMAGE. - -1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a -defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can -receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a -written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you -received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with -your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with -the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a -refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity -providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to -receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy -is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further -opportunities to fix the problem. - -1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth -in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO OTHER -WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO -WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. - -1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied -warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. -If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the -law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be -interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by -the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any -provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. - -1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the -trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone -providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance -with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, -promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, -harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, -that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do -or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm -work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any -Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. - - -Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm - -Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of -electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers -including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists -because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from -people in all walks of life. - -Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the -assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's -goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will -remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure -and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. -To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation -and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 -and the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org - - -Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive -Foundation - -The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit -501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the -state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal -Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification -number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent -permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. - -The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. -Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered -throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at 809 -North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email -contact links and up to date contact information can be found at the -Foundation's web site and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact - -For additional contact information: - Dr. Gregory B. Newby - Chief Executive and Director - gbnewby@pglaf.org - -Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation - -Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide -spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of -increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be -freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest -array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations -($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt -status with the IRS. - -The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating -charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United -States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a -considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up -with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations -where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To -SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any -particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate - -While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we -have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition -against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who -approach us with offers to donate. - -International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make -any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from -outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. - -Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation -methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other -ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. -To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate - - -Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. - -Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm -concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared -with anyone. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project -Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. - -Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed -editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. -unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily -keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. - -Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: - - www.gutenberg.org - -This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. - - -</pre> - +<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 44833 ***</div> </body> </html> |